title: Philip Ozouf

abstract: Philip Ozouf is a Jersey politician representing the Parish of St Saviour in the States Assembly. He was a member of the States of Jersey from 1999 until 2018, serving as Economic Development Minister, Treasury and Resources Minister, and Assistant Chief Minister in the Council of Ministers. More recently he was Minister for External Relations and Financial Services.

text:
# Philip Ozouf

**Philip Ozouf** is a Jersey politician representing the Parish of St Saviour in the States Assembly. He was a member of the States of Jersey from 1999 until 2018, serving as Economic Development Minister, Treasury and Resources Minister, and Assistant Chief Minister in the Council of Ministers. More recently he was Minister for External Relations and Financial Services.

## Early life and education

Philip Francis Cyril Ozouf grew up in Jersey. He is the son of farmer and former Connétable of Saint Saviour Philip Francis Ozouf.

He was educated at Victoria College, Jersey, then attended the European Business School in London, Frankfurt and Paris; he gained a BA (Hons) International Business and French Equivalent. He also qualified to diploma stage of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants. He describes himself as a "reasonably fluent" French, German and Spanish speaker.

## Electoral history

He was elected to the States of Jersey as a Deputy for Saint Helier District 3&4, in November 1999, topping the poll with 1,618 votes, a record number of votes in this district.

He was then elected a Senator in 2002, topping the poll with 14,442 votes. He was re-elected in 2008 in 5th position with 8,712 votes. He was re-elected a senator in 2014 with 10,062 votes.

He did not stand for re-election in the 2018 elections.

## Responsibilities

Senator Ozouf serves as Vice Chairman of the Alliance Française Jersey branch.

## Previous posts

### Assistant Chief Minister

From the October 2014 election Senator Ozouf acted as Assistant Chief Minister with responsibility for Financial Services, Digital, Competition and Innovation matters, assuming full responsibility for Jersey's Innovation Fund at the beginning of 2016. On 20 January 2017 the Chief Minister confirmed that he had received and accepted Senator Ozouf's formal resignation from the post following publication of a report from the Auditor General criticising the way in which the Jersey Innovation Fund had lost a substantial part of the public funds entrusted to it.

### Privileges and Procedures Committee

Ozouf served on the Privileges and Procedures Committee.

### Treasury

Between December 2008 and October 2014, Ozouf had been Treasury Minister in the Council of Ministers. He was proposed for the post by the Chief Minister, Terry Le Sueur, and received 38 votes, beating Deputy Geoff Southern who received 13 votes.

### Economic development

From 2005 to 2008, Ozouf was Economic Development Minister in the Council of Ministers. This role had a wide remit, taking responsibility for subjects as varied as transport links, the Competition Law, the Rural Strategy. He was primarily tasked with achieving 2% real economic growth annually. This was something which has been recognised, even by his critics, as no small task. Ozouf was a strong supporter of the Goods and Sales Tax (GST), introduced on 6 May 2008 and initially levied at 3%.

### Other roles

Ozouf was vice chairman of the States of Jersey Employment Board.

He is a former member of the Jersey Legal Information Board, a statutory body with the remit to improve access to information about the Jersey law.

He also served as a board member of the Jersey Communities Relations Trust, a States sponsored body that works to ensure that minority groups in Jersey are not disadvantaged.

He was also a member of the Jersey branch of the Assemblée Parlementaire de la Francophonie

## Political campaigns

Ozouf, who is gay, supported the campaign for the introduction of a Civil Partnership law in Jersey, which the States of Jersey passed in July 2011.

Ozouf was responsible for 'cleaning up' the Jersey fulfillment industry by preventing companies who sought to exploit the UK VAT threshold by establishing a Jersey mailbox. The move drew criticism from Deputy Geoff Southern, as Chair of the Economic Affairs scrutiny panel, however the move was welcomed by Jersey businesses.

## Criticisms

In 2006, Ozouf was the first Minister in Jersey's history to be reprimanded for breaching procedure after he gave extra funding of £95,000 to Jersey's Battle of Flowers Association against the advice of his own officers

In 2012, Ozouf was the subject of criticism over the States of Jersey's failed plan to purchase *Lime Grove House*, an office building, for the intended use as a new police headquarters for the States of Jersey Police. Senator Sarah Ferguson lodged a vote of censure against Ozouf, which was later withdrawn. According to Ozouf the *Lime Grove House* building would have been unsuitable, and as an alternative, part of the adjacent Green Street public car park could be used as a site for a new police headquarters. In mid-2013 plans to build a new police building on part of Green Street car park were approved, and its completion is due in early 2017.

## Campaigns

### Gambling in Jersey

Ozouf has called for Jersey to reform its gambling laws.

### Financial Ombudsman

Ozouf has called for the installation of a Financial Ombudsman in Jersey.

### Ensuring competition of ferry routes

Ozouf has been a primary driver for the move towards competition on ferry routes into and out of Jersey and continues to seek the most competitive prices for Jersey people.

## International representation

Ozouf attended the sixth meeting of the British-Irish Council on environment.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Philip Ozouf | |
| --- | --- |
| Ozouf in 2012 | |
|  | |
| Senator | |
| **In office**
November 2014  June 2018 | |
| Constituency | Jersey |
| Majority | 10,062 |
| Minister for Treasury and Resources | |
| **In office**
November 2008  November 2014 | |
| Preceded by | Senator Terry Le Sueur |
| Succeeded by | Senator Alan Maclean |
| Constituency | Jersey |
| Minister for Economic Development | |
| **In office**
2005–2008 | |
| Succeeded by | Senator Alan Maclean |
| Senator | |
| **In office**
November 2008  2014 | |
| Constituency | Jersey |
| Majority | 8,712 (7.55%) |
| Deputy | |
| **In office**
December 1999  November 2002 | |
| Constituency | Saint Helier district 3 and 4 |
| Majority | 1,618 (24%) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Residence(s) | St Saviour, Jersey |
| Website | www.ozouf.je |
|  | |


title: Natalie Appleton

abstract: Natalie Jane Appleton Howlett is a Canadian singer. She is a member of the British girl group All Saints and the duo Appleton with her younger sister Nicole Appleton. Appleton joined All Saints in 1996, becoming the fourth and final member of the group, but five years later they split up amid group in-fighting. She went on to form a duo with her younger sister Nicole under the name Appleton. Since then, she has reunited to release three more albums with All Saints, in 2006, 2016 and 2018.

text:
# Natalie Appleton

**Natalie Jane Appleton Howlett** (born 14 May 1973) is a Canadian singer. She is a member of the British girl group All Saints and the duo Appleton with her younger sister Nicole Appleton.

Appleton joined All Saints in 1996, becoming the fourth and final member of the group, but five years later they split up amid group in-fighting. She went on to form a duo with her younger sister Nicole under the name Appleton. Since then, she has reunited to release three more albums with All Saints, in 2006, 2016 and 2018.

## Career

In 1983, Appleton moved to London and attended the Sylvia Young Theatre School. She had a brief cameo in an episode of *Grange Hill* in 1986.

### 1996–2001: All Saints

Appleton's father met Melanie Blatt, with whom Nicole had attended the Sylvia Young Theatre School, and heard that Blatt was looking for new members for her girl group. Nicole asked whether her sister could join the group as well. In 1996 both sisters joined Blatt and Shaznay Lewis, forming All Saints. In 2000, Natalie and Nicole appeared in the poorly received film *Honest*. All Saints split acrimoniously in 2001 amid much foment and rumour. In their five-year career, the group scored a total of five number-one singles.

### 2002–2005: Appleton and television

Natalie and Nicole formed the duo Appleton and launched their first single "Fantasy" in September 2002 which features Natalie doing a stage dive. Initially, it was to be Nicole doing the stage dive, but she backed out at the last minute, and thus Natalie took her place. The album *Everything's Eventual* was released in early 2003 and coincided with the documentary *Appleton on Appleton* which gave an inside look into the life of the sisters. In November 2004, Appleton was a contestant on the fourth series of *I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!*. While on the show the public voted for her numerous times to take part in bushtucker trials, she was not very successful in completing the challenges and left after the public voted for her to do what would have been a record fifth bushtucker trial.

### 2006–present: All Saints return

From 2006 to 2008 All Saints reunited and released their third studio album titled *Studio 1* on 13 November 2006. However, the group subsequently split again in 2009.

In 2014, All Saints reformed to support the Backstreet Boys for five dates across the UK and Ireland. On 27 January 2016, it was confirmed that All Saints were scheduled to release their fourth studio album *Red Flag* on 8 April 2016. The lead single from the album, "One Strike", preceded the album on 26 February 2016.

In 2023, Appleton competed on the fourth series of *The Masked Singer* as "Fawn" and finished in third place.

## Early and personal life

Nicole and Natalie have two older sisters, Lori and Lee. Natalie was born in Mississauga, Ontario, to Jewish parents Mary and Kenneth Appleton. While growing up she lived in Toronto, New York City, and London.

She attended high school in Ellenville, New York, and eventually left to sing at a Borscht Belt country club at age 15. In 1990, she moved back to Camden, London, where she met Carl Robinson (born c. 1967), a stripper with the Dreamboys whom she met when seeing them perform on a night out in London when she was 17. On 19 May 1992, their daughter Rachel Appleton (now Rachel Howlett) was born. She and Robinson moved to New York where they married in 1993, before Appleton returned to the United Kingdom after having the marriage annulled.

She had relationships with television presenter Jamie Theakston and actor Jonny Lee Miller during the late 1990s.

Appleton began dating Liam Howlett of the electronic band the Prodigy in 2000, after they met at V Festival. They married on 7 June 2002 in a ceremony in France. In addition to Appleton's daughter from her first marriage, the couple have a son, Ace Billy Howlett, born 2 March 2004. As of 2014, the family lived in the Hampstead area of London.

## Discography

## Filmography

### Television

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | *PJ's Storytime* | Presenter |
| 2004 | *I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!* | Contestant |
| 2023 | *The Masked Singer* | Contestant (as Fawn) |
|

### Films

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | *Honest* | Mandy Chase |
|

## InfoBox

| Natalie Appleton | |
| --- | --- |
| Appleton performing in 2007 | |
| Born | Natalie Jane Appleton
(1973-05-14) 14 May 1973
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada |
| Other names | Natalie Appleton Howlett |
| Occupations | * Singer * actress |
| Spouses | *   Carl Robinson  (m. 1993; annul. 1995) *   Liam Howlett (m. 2002) |
| Children | 2 |
| Relatives | Nicole Appleton (sister) |
| **Musical career** | |
| Genres |  |
| Instrument | * Vocals |
| Years active | 1996–present |
|  | |


title: Urophora formosana

abstract: Urophora formosana is a species of fruit fly in the genus Urophora of the family Tephritidae, which lives in Taiwan.

text:
# Urophora formosana

***Urophora formosana*** is a species of fruit fly in the genus *Urophora* of the family Tephritidae, which lives in Taiwan.

## InfoBox

| *Urophora formosana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tephritidae |
| Subfamily: | Tephritinae |
| Tribe: | Myopitini |
| Genus: | *Urophora* |
| Species: | ***U. formosana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Urophora formosana***<br>(Shiraki, 1933) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Euribia formosana* Shiraki, 1933 | |


title: One One One Eagle Street

abstract: One One One Eagle Street is a 194.7-metre (639 ft) office building at 111 Eagle Street, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, located in the city centre. With 6 star Green Star office design rating, the building is part of the CBD's 'Golden Triangle' district. Its location is the site of the old Indigo House building, which was demolished over a period of six months starting in 2008. 95% of all waste from the old building is to be recycled or reused. The site is located between the Riverside Centre and Riparian Plaza buildings. Leighton Contractors constructed the Cox Rayner-designed skyscraper which has 54 floors including 44 levels of premium office space and 115 car parking spaces in the under ground carpark. The building cost $700 million to construct.

text:
# One One One Eagle Street

**One One One Eagle Street** is a 194.7-metre (639 ft) office building at 111 Eagle Street, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, located in the city centre. With 6 star Green Star office design rating, the building is part of the CBD's 'Golden Triangle' district. Its location is the site of the old Indigo House building, which was demolished over a period of six months starting in 2008. 95% of all waste from the old building is to be recycled or reused.

The site is located between the Riverside Centre and Riparian Plaza buildings. Leighton Contractors constructed the Cox Rayner-designed skyscraper which has 54 floors including 44 levels of premium office space and 115 car parking spaces in the under ground carpark. The building cost $700 million to construct.

## Design

The building contains a steel structural frame and was designed by architects Cox Rayner and takes inspiration from nature, with its design based on the algorithm of the way plants grow towards the light. Ceiling heights are 3.1 metres (10 ft) with a fully glazed exterior to maximise views.

One of the major aspects of the building will be its emphasis on sustainability, with features such as gas-fired for on-site power generators, to reduce impact of CO2 production, 50% greater ventilation than most Australian office buildings, it also included plans to River Heat Rejection process to reduce strain on the cooling towers as well as saving millions of litres of water, however this to date has not been installed. There is also a proposal for a water recycling plant for the building for waste water management to be used in conjunction with rainwater tanks for use in toilets and irrigation. Blinds will be sensor-activated to trap hot air before pumping it outside.

The outside of the building is furnished with 52,000 LED lights. The lighting design imitates the buttress roots of a Moreton Bay Fig tree.

The buildings lobby and ground floor were used in the filming of the 2015 film *San Andreas*, being used to represent the foyer of a skyscraper in downtown San Francisco.

## Construction

The project manager and project director for One One One Eagle Street were Burns Bridge Sweett. Excavation of the basement levels was conducted while the floors above were being constructed, a process referred to as the top-down method. The building's topping out was celebrated on 18 May 2011, with two utilities floors remaining to be completed.

## Tenants

Tenants include Arrow Energy, ANZ Bank, Corrs Chambers Westgarth, Ernst & Young, Gadens, Hays, Norton Rose Fulbright and Shell Energy Australia. The first tenants were able to move in from July 2012.

Tenants are provided the services of a commercial concierge.

## InfoBox

| One One One Eagle Street | |
| --- | --- |
| One One One Eagle Street | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Status | Opened |
| Type | Office |
| Location | 111 Eagle Street, Brisbane, Queensland |
| Coordinates | 27°28′03.33″S 153°01′49.28″E / 27.4675917°S 153.0303556°E / -27.4675917; 153.0303556 |
| Current tenants |  |
| Construction started | 2008 |
| Completed | early 2012 |
| Opening | 1 August 2012 (2012-08-01) |
| Cost | A$700 million |
| Height | |
| Roof | 195 m (640 ft) |
| Technical details | |
| Structural system | Structural frame |
| Material | Steel and glass |
| Floor count | 53 |
| Floor area | 64,264 m2 (691,730 sq ft) |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Philip Cox |
| Architecture firm | Cox Rayner |
| Developer | GPT Group |
| Structural engineer | Arup |
| Services engineer | WSP Lincolne Scott |
| Main contractor | Leighton Contractors |
| References | |
|  | |


title: Gertrude Perlmann

abstract: Gertrude Erika Perlmann was an Austro-Hungarian Empire-born U.S. biochemist and structural biologist. She is known for her work in protein chemistry, particularly her discoveries on the biology of phosphoproteins and the structure and action of pepsin and pepsinogen.

text:
# Gertrude Perlmann

**Gertrude Erika Perlmann** (April 20, 1912 – September 9, 1974) was an Austro-Hungarian Empire-born U.S. biochemist and structural biologist. She is known for her work in protein chemistry, particularly her discoveries on the biology of phosphoproteins and the structure and action of pepsin and pepsinogen.

## Early life

Perlmann was born on April 20, 1912, in Liberec (Reichenberg), Austro-Hungarian Empire to a Jewish family.

## Education

She earned a doctorate in chemistry and physics at the German University of Prague in 1936. She fled Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia for Denmark in 1936. She continued her postdoctoral training in Copenhagen at the Biological Institute of the Carlsberg Laboratory with Dr. Fritz Lipmann and Prof. K. Linderstrom-Lang until 1939.

## Career

At the beginning of World War II, she emigrated to the United States. She continued her research at Harvard Medical School from 1939 to 1946 and then at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. She moved to the Rockefeller Institute in New York City as a Commonwealth Fund Fellow in 1946. She was a member of the faculty for 28 years, rising to the rank of Professor. During her time at the Rockefeller Institute, she collaborated with the notable microbiologist Rebecca Lancefield.

## Awards

In the 1960s she was awarded the Silver Medal of the Chemical Society and the Legion of Honor by the French. She was one of the first female corresponding members of the Académie des Sciences. She won the Garvan–Olin Medal in 1965 from the American Chemical Society for "distinguished service to chemistry," for her research on the structure of pepsin, an enzyme that hastens food digestion. She was also awarded the French Order of Merit in 1974.

## Scientific societies

Perlmann was a member of the American Chemical Society, the American Society of Biological Chemists, the Biophysical Society, the British Biochemical Society and the Harvey Society.

## Personal life

Perlmann is a member of a prominent scientific family. She was the sister of biochemist Peter Perlmann, who together with Eva Engvall invented the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at Stockholm University in 1971. Her nephew Thomas Perlmann is a professor at the Karolinska Institutet known for his work on the specification and maintenance of dopamine neurons in the brain, and who is also the Secretary General of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine.

## Death

She died of cancer at New York Hospital on September 9, 1974.

## Selected publications

* Ong, E. B. & Perlmann, G. E. (1968). "The amino-terminal sequence of porcine pepsinogen". *J. Biol. Chem*. **243** (23): 6104–6109. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)94466-2. PMID 4881358.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Ong, E. B. & Perlmann, G. E. (1967). "Specific inactivation of pepsin by benzyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanyldiazomethane". *Nature*. **215** (5109): 1492–1494. Bibcode:1967Natur.215.1492O. doi:10.1038/2151492b0. PMID 4861199. S2CID 4151576.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Blumenfeld, O. O. & Perlmann, G. E. (1959). "The amino acid composition of crystalline pepsin". *J. Gen. Physiol*. **42** (3): 553–561. doi:10.1085/jgp.42.3.553. PMC 2194931. PMID 13620885.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Perlmann, G. E. (1954). "Phosphorus linkages in alpha-casein". *Nature*. **174** (4423): 273–274. Bibcode:1954Natur.174..273P. doi:10.1038/174273a0. PMID 13185289. S2CID 4185268.
* Perlmann, G. E. (1954). "Formation of enzymatically active, dialysable fragments during autodigestion of pepsin". *Nature*. **173** (4400): 406. Bibcode:1954Natur.173..406P. doi:10.1038/173406a0. PMID 13144771.
* Perlmann, G. E. (1948). "Electrophoretic behavior of modified ovalbumins". *Nature*. **161** (4097): 720–721. Bibcode:1948Natur.161..720P. doi:10.1038/161720b0. PMID 18938845. S2CID 24606108.


title: Lancastrian Volunteers

abstract: The Lancastrian Volunteers was a short lived Territorial Army infantry regiment of the British Army, composed of companies from the North West affiliated regiments.

text:
# Lancastrian Volunteers

The **Lancastrian Volunteers** was a short lived Territorial Army infantry regiment of the British Army, composed of companies from the North West affiliated regiments.

## History

The regiment was formed in 1967, by the amalgamation of the 8 Territorial Battalions within the Lancastrian Brigade, with its headquarters at Peninsula Barracls, Warrington.

It was initially composed of 5 companies, that continued to wear the badges of the regiments that they were affiliated to.

In 1969 a new Company was raised, namely **E Company (King's Own)**, at Lancaster and Barrow-in-Furness; formed from cadres of 4th/5th (T) Battalion, King's Own Royal Regiment, and 4th Battalion, East Lancashire Regiment.

In 1971 the regiment formed a second battalion, and consequently the existing battalion was redesignated as the 1st Battalion. D Company also transferred to the new battalion, retaining its title.

### 1st Battalion

* **HQ Company (Lancashire Regiment (Prince of Wales's Volunteers))**, at Warrington
* **A Company (King's Own Border)**, at Carlisle
* **B Company (King's)**, at Liverpool
* **C Company (Manchester)**, at Manchester
* **E Company (King's Own)**, at Lancaster and Barrow-in-Furness

### 2nd Battalion

The 2nd Battalion, formed with its headquarters at Preston from both cadres of former units, and newly raised companies.

* **A (East Lancashire) Company**, at Burnley and Haslingden – from cadre of 4th Battalion, East Lancashire Regiment
* **B Company**, at Liverpool – *newly raised*
* **C (Manchester) Company**, at Ashton under Lyne – from cadre of 8th/9th Battalion, Manchester Regiment
* **D Company**, at Preston – redesignation of D Company, 1st Battalion

### Disbandment

In 1973, the company subtitles were omitted, due to the fact that the regimental affiliations and traditions had begun to fade and blur.

Then, in 1975, the decision was made to break up the regiment and place the TA units back directly under their affiliated regiments. Therefore, the 1st Battalion was broken up, with HQ, B, and C Companies joining 5th/8th Battalion, King's Regiment, retaining their lettering; and A and E Companies were transferred to 4th (Volunteer) Battalion, King's Own Royal Border Regiment, also keeping their company designations. The 2nd Battalion, was redesignated entirely, less B Company, as 4th (Volunteer) Battalion, Queen's Lancashire Regiment; with B Company becoming D Company, 5th/8th Battalion, King's Regiment.

## InfoBox

| Lancastrian Volunteers | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 1967–1975 |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Branch | British Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Role | Line Infantry |
| Size | Regiment |
| Garrison/HQ | Peninsula Barracks, Warrington |


title: R. H. Stearns

abstract: Richard Hall Stearns was a wealthy tradesman, philanthropist, and politician from Massachusetts whose eponymous department store became one of the largest department store chains in Boston and the surrounding area. The headquarters and main store was in the R. H. Stearns Building on Tremont Street near Park Street in Boston.

text:
# R. H. Stearns

**Richard Hall Stearns** (25 December 1824 – August, 1909) was a wealthy tradesman, philanthropist, and politician from Massachusetts whose eponymous department store became one of the largest department store chains in Boston and the surrounding area.

The headquarters and main store was in the R. H. Stearns Building on Tremont Street near Park Street in Boston.

## Early life

Stearns was born in Ashburnham, Massachusetts on December 25, 1824.

Soon after his birth his family moved to New Ipswich, New Hampshire. At the age of seven, he was left an orphan and taken in and raised by his uncle on a farm in Lincoln, Massachusetts; from that age he earned his room and board with farmwork.

He was educated in district schools and attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts for one year. After his studies, he taught school.

## R. H. Stearns and Company

In 1846 Stearns moved to Boston and worked in the store of C.C. Burr. A year later, Stearns opened up his own business in a small shop which later grew into a large store and Company, R. H. Stearns and Company.

R. H. Stearns and Company became a fixture in the downtown Boston shopping scene for over a century, and also opened a few branch stores in the greater Boston area. The store catered to the "carriage trade" (well-off customers) and was particularly noted for its woman's clothing, the stereotypical Stearns customer being a white-gloved older woman of subdued upper-crust demeanor, although well-crafted children's items were also sold, as well as men's clothing, silver and crystal – but not appliances.

In the early 1920s, R. H. Stearns and Company was bought by James Nelson and Bob Maynard. In the mid 20th century, Carl N. Schmalz (1898-1979), son of a general store owner in Huntley, Illinois, was president and later board chairman; Schmalz arranged the sale of the company to Edward Goodman, former president of Abraham & Straus, in 1975. The business closed in 1978.

By the mid-1970s the changing face of the retail marketplace caught up with the store, and it did not have the financial backing like Filene's or Jordan Marsh, who were both owned by large national retail holding companies. At the time of Stearn's demise Filene's was owned by Federated Department Stores, and Jordan Marsh was owned by Allied Stores.

R. H. Stearns and Co. filed for bankruptcy and closed all stores in 1977.

## Personal life and public service

Stearns served in the Massachusetts Legislature for two years and also on the Boston Educational Board.

Stearns married Louise M. Waterman. His sons Frank Waterman Stearns and Richard Hall Stearns, Jr. (b. April 25, 1862) were members of R. H. Stearns and Company after R. H. Stearns's death. Another son, William Foster Stearns (b. April 18, 1859;) was an 1882 graduate of Amherst College and a Congregational clergyman. There was another son, Frederick R. Stearns.

Stearns died in August 1909 in Poland Springs, Maine, at age 85 of natural causes.


title: Fred Beato

abstract: Fred Beato is a Cuban-American musician known for being one of the participants of Operation Peter Pan, owner of Beato Bags and drummer of Beato Band with former Ambrosia singer David Pack.

text:
# Fred Beato

**Fred Beato** (born 1952) is a Cuban-American musician known for being one of the participants of Operation Peter Pan, owner of Beato Bags and drummer of Beato Band with former Ambrosia singer David Pack.

## Early life

After the Cuban Revolution in January 1959, many Cubans feared that the government would take their children away from them, which caused many Cubans, like Fred’s parents, to send their child to the United States under the US government sponsored program “Operation Peter Pan”.

## Career

### Music

#### Symbols of Tyme

In high school, Fred formed a rock band with his Torrance High School classmates and former Ambrosia front-man David Pack. They would later win the national Battle of The Bands in 1968, held in Atlantic City, NJ. In 2017,

#### Beato Band

In 2016, Fred Beato reunited with David Pack to form Beato Band and recorded an album *Beato Band*.

#### Fredy Boy

Fred Assembled a band Fredy Boy to record the album *Tail of the Shark*. Musicians on the record include “Tom Croucier, Grammy Winner Raul Pineda, guitar maven Jeff Kollman and the legendary Joe Porcaro, just to name a few. (In addition to all that, while at Capitol Fred worked with renowned engineer/producer and 23 time Grammy Winner, Al Schmitt, who mixed several of the tracks on the record).”

### Business

Fred Beato is the owner of Beato Bags that manufactures and distributes bags to transport musical equipment. Fred also endorses Canopus drums.

## Discography

* 2016 - Beato Band
* 2017 - Fredy Boy - *Tail of the Shark*

1. "'Cuba Before Castro' anthem for Orange County man's song, life — and license plate". *Orange County Register*. 2016-12-14. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
2. "'Cuba Before Castro' anthem for Orange County man's song, life — and license plate". *Orange County Register*. 2016-12-14. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
3. "1960s Torrance High rockers reunite spiritually and musically". *Daily Breeze*. 2015-12-25. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
4. "'Cuba Before Castro' anthem for Orange County man's song, life — and license plate". *Orange County Register*. 2016-12-14. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
5. "Beato Band | David Pack and Fred Beato". *beato-band*. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
6. Hixon, Michael. "Beato Band hosts CD release party in Hermosa Beach". *The Beach Reporter*. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
7. "Pepe and Ybra: S01E03 Fred Beato, Cuba, Castro, Dave Pack of Ambrosia, Weight Loss, Beato Drum Bags, BJs and Dementia on Apple Podcasts". *Apple Podcasts*. Retrieved 2021-06-21.
8. *S01E03 Fred Beato, Cuba, Castro, Dave Pack of Ambrosia, Weight Loss, Beato Drum Bags, BJs & Dementia*, retrieved 2021-06-21
9. "Fred Beato, Cuba, Castro, Dave Pack of Ambrosia, Weight Loss, Beato Drum Bags, BJs & Dementia". Retrieved 2021-06-21.
10. Biedzynski, Ken “K Bo” (2016-11-22). "Fredy Boy's Debut Album Now Ready For Pre-Order". *Beato's Blog*. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
11. "Fred Beato". *CANOPUS DRUMS*. 2015-03-25. Retrieved 2021-02-24.


title: WYGY

abstract: WYGY is a radio station broadcasting a gold-based country music format. Licensed to the suburb of Fort Thomas, Kentucky, it serves the Cincinnati, Ohio metropolitan area. It first began broadcasting in 1993 under the call sign WAAR. The station is currently owned by Hubbard Broadcasting. Its studios have been located in the Oakley area of Cincinnati since August 2021, and the transmitter site is in Finneytown, Ohio.

text:
# WYGY

**WYGY** (97.3 FM, "The Wolf") is a radio station broadcasting a gold-based country music format. Licensed to the suburb of Fort Thomas, Kentucky, it serves the Cincinnati, Ohio metropolitan area. It first began broadcasting in 1993 under the call sign **WAAR**. The station is currently owned by Hubbard Broadcasting. Its studios have been located in the Oakley area of Cincinnati since August 2021, and the transmitter site is in Finneytown, Ohio.

## Station history

After being issued a construction permit with the initial call sign **WAAR**, the station changed their call sign to **WMMA** in June 1993, and would sign on April 18, 1994, with an oldies format. The station then flipped to classic rock as **WYLX**, "Alex 97.3", on October 16, 1997.

### WAQZ

The **WAQZ** call sign and Alternative rock format abandoned by owner of 107.1 FM (Jacor Communications) was re-introduced by Infinity Broadcasting on 97.3 FM as "Channel Z" on April 3, 2000. On March 4, 2003, WAQZ was rebranded "New Rock 97.3" with a shift to more current modern rock artists. WAQZ was rebranded again on December 16, 2005 as *97.3 Everything Alternative*.

On August 21, 2006, Entercom Communications bought WAQZ, along with several other stations, from CBS Radio (which Infinity was renamed as in December 2005). On October 30, 2006, Entercom abruptly fired the entire on-air staff, signaling the end of WAQZ.

### "97.3 The Wolf" WYGY

On November 9, 2006, at noon, after playing "The Only Difference Between Martyrdom And Suicide Is Press Coverage" by Panic! at the Disco, Entercom moved WYGY's Country format to 97.3 FM and relaunched it as "The Wolf", this time as a top 40-styled country format, in order to appeal to a younger demographic than its other country station, WUBE-FM ("B-105"). (WYGY was formerly "The Star", located at 96.5 FM and owned by Cumulus Media, but was traded to Entercom in exchange for WGRR.) At the same time as the flip, Entercom relaunched the alternative rock format on 94.9 FM as "The Sound". The WAQZ call letters remained on 97.3 for a month until the WYGY calls were finally in place on November 29.

On January 18, 2007, Entercom announced plans to swap its entire Cincinnati radio cluster, including WSWD, together with three of its radio stations in Seattle, Washington, to Bonneville International in exchange for all three of Bonneville's FM stations in San Francisco, California and $1 million cash. In May 2007, Bonneville officially took over control of the Cincinnati stations through a time brokerage agreement. On March 14, 2008, Bonneville officially closed on the stations.

### "97.3 The Sound" WSWD

On November 7, 2008, at 11 a.m., WSWD and WYGY switched frequencies, returning an alternative rock format to the 97.3 FM frequency, while the country format would move back to 94.9 FM. (The call letters between the two stations would switch four days later.)

### "97.3 The Wolf" Returns

On May 21, 2009, at 5 p.m., Bonneville discontinued the "Sound" format altogether, with 97.3 FM re-adopting the country format and the "Wolf" moniker (at the same time, 94.9 FM flipped to 80s-leaning adult hits as "Rewind 94.9"). The last song on "The Sound" was *No You Girls* by Franz Ferdinand. (The Sound was moved to 94.9-HD2 and on the internet at thesoundcincinnati.com.)

On January 19, 2011, it was announced that Bonneville International will sell WYGY and several other stations to Hubbard Broadcasting for $505 million. The sale was completed on April 29, 2011.

On December 6, 2018, Hubbard eliminated all the DJs on the station and began running jockless.

## InfoBox

WYGY
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | Cincinnati, Ohio |
| Frequency | 97.3 MHz (HD Radio) |
| Branding | 97.3 The Wolf |
| Programming | |
| Format | Country |
| Ownership | |
| Owner |  |
| Sister stations | WKRQ, WUBE-FM, WREW |
| History | |
| First air date | 1993 (as WAAR) |
| Former call signs | WSWD (2008–2009)
WYGY (2006–2008)
WAQZ (2000–2006)
WYLX (1998–2000)
WMMA (1993–1998)
WAAR (4/1993-6/1993) |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 40915 |
| Class | A |
| ERP | 2,550 watts |
| HAAT | 155 meters (509 ft) |
| Transmitter coordinates | 39°12′1″N 84°31′22″W / 39.20028°N 84.52278°W / 39.20028; -84.52278 |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Live |
| Website | theworldwidewolf.com |


title: Haloclava

abstract: Haloclava is a genus of sea anemones in the family Haloclavidae. Members of this genus typically burrow into soft sediment.

text:
# Haloclava

***Haloclava*** is a genus of sea anemones in the family Haloclavidae. Members of this genus typically burrow into soft sediment.

## Species

The following species are listed by the World Register of Marine Species:

## InfoBox

| *Haloclava* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Haloclava capensis | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hexacorallia |
| Order: | Actiniaria |
| Family: | Haloclavidae |
| Genus: | *Haloclava*<br>Verrill, 1899 |
|
| Species | |
| See text | |


title: Ursula Bethell

abstract: Mary Ursula Bethell, was a New Zealand poet. She settled at the age of 50 at Rise Cottage on the Cashmere Hills near Christchurch, with her companion Effie Pollen, where she created a sheltered garden with views over the city and towards the Southern Alps, and began writing poems about the landscape. Although she considered herself "by birth and choice English", and spent her life travelling between England and New Zealand, she was one of the first distinctively New Zealand poets, seen today as a pioneer of its modern poetry.

text:
# Ursula Bethell

**Mary Ursula Bethell** (pseudonym, **Evelyn Hayes**; 6 October 1874 – 15 January 1945), was a New Zealand poet. She settled at the age of 50 at Rise Cottage on the Cashmere Hills near Christchurch, with her companion Effie Pollen, where she created a sheltered garden with views over the city and towards the Southern Alps, and began writing poems about the landscape. Although she considered herself "by birth and choice English", and spent her life travelling between England and New Zealand, she was one of the first distinctively New Zealand poets, seen today as a pioneer of its modern poetry.

## Background and social work

Bethell was the eldest daughter of the well-to-do sheep farmer Richard Bethell and his wife Isabel Anne, née Lillie, and was born in Horsell, Surrey, England, in 1874. Her parents had both lived in New Zealand in the 1860s, but returned to London where they married. Shortly after her birth, in 1875, her parents returned with her to New Zealand, where her two younger siblings were born. She was educated at Rangiora Primary School and Christchurch Girls' High School, and developed a love of the Canterbury landscape that would last for the rest of her life. In later years, she wrote of the Ashley River:

> It was the river, the river. We played there,
> out, out of the house, out of the garden, out under the wide sky.
>
> "By The Ashley River"

Her father died in April 1885. Two years later, at age 15, she travelled back to England and boarded with the family of Ruth Mayhew, who became a lifelong friend, as she attended Oxford High School for Girls and a Swiss finishing school. She returned to New Zealand in 1892 and devoted herself to charitable work, before again returning to Europe in 1895 to study painting in Geneva and music in Dresden. Having enough private wealth to support herself, she took up social work in London with the Anglican organisation Women Workers for God, or "Grey Ladies". She continued to perform social work in a religious context in England and New Zealand, travelling between the two, including in the war years.

In 1924 Bethell permanently settled in New Zealand, in the Cashmere Hills near Christchurch. She bought a newly built home, Rise Cottage in Westenra Terrace, which she shared with another returnee New Zealander, Effie Pollen. The theory that Bethell's relationship with Pollen was homosexual (which would have sat ill with her Anglicanism and her social aspirations in that period) was explored in some detail by the fellow poet Janet Charman, as a visiting scholar at the University of Auckland in 1997. Bethell herself described the relationship as "prevailingly maternal", but there is no way of knowing for sure what the relationship between them was, except that it was a close and loving relationship.

## Poet and salonnière

Bethell only began to write poetry at the age of about 50. Most of it was written during her years at Rise Cottage with Pollen. At first she had no design to publish her poems, but wrote them as messages to send in letters to her friends. She was deeply affected by Pollen's death in 1934, writing to a friend that the event was "a complete shattering of my life.... \[for\] from her I have had love, tenderness, and understanding... and close and happy companionship". She wrote little more afterwards, so that most of her output dates from the one decade of 1924 to 1934. Vincent O'Sullivan said, "She was surprised that people admired her 'garden' poems, often written as casual messages to friends.... By the late 1920s, she was also writing the more deliberate and intellectually adventurous poems which took their place in her later two books." After Pollen's death, she sold Rise Cottage and moved into a room in a house she had gifted to the Anglican church.

Her first collection, *From a Garden in the Antipodies* (1929), is her best-known work; its poems have often been anthologised. It expresses an awareness of her separation from "loved and lost London", and themes of religious thought and nature that marked all her work. Her later collections include poems for which there had been no place in the first collection, and memorial poems to Pollen. Her poetry is ascribed by the *Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Literature in English* "a plainness and spareness (as well as freshness of image) which distinguishes it from the more ornamented verse the country had previously produced."

The New Zealand writer Charles Brasch, visiting Bethell in the late 1930s, found her at "the centre of an astonishingly diverse circle of interesting people, many of the younger of whom were so close to her that she almost directed their lives." Among them were the crime writer Ngaio Marsh, the essayist M. H. Holcroft, the artists R. H. Field and Evelyn Margaret Page, the poets Blanche Edith Baughan and J. H. E. Schroder, and the musician Frederick Joseph Page. She acted as a mentor to younger local poets, notably Allen Curnow and Denis Glover.

All Bethell's work appeared anonymously, as she felt that publicity in "provincial New Zealand" would be a "painful affair". She said her pseudonym, Evelyn Hayes, came from a great-great-grandfather, Sir Henry Hayes of Cork, who was "deported for life to Botany Bay for attempted abduction of a Quaker heiress." In later life, she became less keen to be anonymous, and before her death asked that her collected poems be published under her own name.

## Death and legacy

Bethell died in Christchurch on 15 January 1945. A volume of her *Collected Poems* appeared posthumously in 1950 and was reprinted in 1985 with an introduction by O'Sullivan. In 1948, after her death, several New Zealand authors contributed personal reflections to *Landfall*. The educator and writer Crawford Somerset opined, "New Zealand has produced no other poetry so clearly original and so delicately sensitive as Ursula Bethell's." The poet and journalist D'Arcy Cresswell said that in literature "New Zealand wasn't truly discovered, in fact, until Ursula Bethell, 'very earnestly digging', raised her head to look at the mountains. Almost everyone had been blind before."

She featured prominently in both of Curnow's notable anthologies, *A Book of New Zealand Verse 1923–1945* (1945) (in which 19 of her poems were printed, more than any other poet) and *The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse* (1960), and later in *The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse* (1985) edited by Ian Wedde and Harvey McQueen.

In 1979, the University of Canterbury founded the Ursula Bethell Residency in Creative Writing to support and encourage New Zealand writing. It goes to writers of "proven merit". Notable recipients have included Margaret Mahy, Keri Hulme and Eleanor Catton.

## Published works

* (As Evelyn Hayes) *From a Garden in the Antipodes* (London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1929)
* (As "The Author of *Poems From a Garden in the Antipodes*") *Time and Place* (Christchurch: Caxton, 1936)
* (As "The Author of *Time and Place*") *Day and Night: Poems 1924–1934*, (Christchurch: Caxton, 1939)
* *Collected Poems*, ed. Helen Simpson, (Christchurch: Caxton Press, 1950), (Kindle edition 2016, ASIN: B016QNELZ4)
* *Collected Poems*, ed. Vincent O’Sullivan, (Wellington: Victoria University Press, 1985 \[1950\])
* *Vibrant with Words: The Letters of Ursula Bethell*, ed. Peter Whiteford (Wellington: Victoria University Press, 2005). ISBN 9780864735041

## InfoBox

| Ursula Bethell | |
| --- | --- |
| Ursula Bethell, c.1900 | |
| Born | Mary Ursula Bethell
(1874-10-06)6 October 1874
Horsell, Surrey, England |
| Died | 15 January 1945(1945-01-15) (aged 70)
Christchurch, New Zealand |
| Pen name | Evelyn Hayes |
| Occupation | * Poet * social worker |


title: Incredible (The Shapeshifters song)

abstract: "Incredible" is the third single by English duo the Shapeshifters, released on 6 March 2006. It became their third consecutive top-20 single, peaking at number 12 on the UK Singles Chart, but remained in the top 75 for only four more weeks. It charted higher in Finland, where it debuted at number two and stayed in the top 20 for two more weeks; it is the band's highest-charting single there.

text:
# Incredible (The Shapeshifters song)

"**Incredible**" is the third single by English duo the Shapeshifters, released on 6 March 2006. It became their third consecutive top-20 single, peaking at number 12 on the UK Singles Chart, but remained in the top 75 for only four more weeks. It charted higher in Finland, where it debuted at number two and stayed in the top 20 for two more weeks; it is the band's highest-charting single there.

## Charts

| Chart (2006) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 62 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 42 |
| Finland (Suomen virallinen lista) | 2 |
| Germany (Official German Charts) | 73 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 19 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 30 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 13 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 73 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 12 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 3 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom | 6 March 2006 | CD | Positiva |  |
| Australia | | | 10 April 2006 |  |

## InfoBox

| "Incredible" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by the Shapeshifters | |
| from the album  *Sound Advice* | |
| B-side | "Beautiful Heartache" |
| Released | 6 March 2006 (2006-03-06) |
| Length | 3:39 |
| Label | Positiva |
| Songwriter(s) | * Simon Marlin * Max Reich * Jenna Gibbons |
| Producer(s) | The Shapeshifters |
| The Shapeshifters singles chronology | |
| "Back to Basics"
(2005) "**Incredible**"
(2006) "Sensitivity"
(2006) | |


title: Miller Block (Spokane, Washington)

abstract: The Miller Block is a historic four-story building in Spokane, Washington. It was designed by William J. Carpenter in the Romanesque Revival style, and built in 1890. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since May 4, 1998.

text:
# Miller Block (Spokane, Washington)

The **Miller Block** is a historic four-story building in Spokane, Washington. It was designed by William J. Carpenter in the Romanesque Revival style, and built in 1890. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since May 4, 1998.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Miller Block | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| The building in 2007 | |
|  | |
| Location | 808 West Sprague Avenue, Spokane, Washington |
| Coordinates | 47°39′28″N 117°25′22″W / 47.65778°N 117.42278°W / 47.65778; -117.42278 (Miller Block) |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1890 (1890) |
| Architect | William J. Carpenter |
| Architectural style | Romanesque Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 98000370 |
| Added to NRHP | May 4, 1998 |


title: Karan Bhagat

abstract: Karan Bhagat is an Indian entrepreneur and investor, who is the founder, CEO and MD of IIFL Wealth & Asset Management, an Indian wealth management firm. He has been listed in fortuneindia.com's 40 Under 40 list in 2016 and 2017. He was also a finalist for the EY Entrepreneur of the Year Award in 2018.

text:
# Karan Bhagat

**Karan Bhagat** is an Indian entrepreneur and investor, who is the founder, CEO and MD of IIFL Wealth & Asset Management, an Indian wealth management firm. He has been listed in fortuneindia.com's 40 Under 40 list in 2016 and 2017. He was also a finalist for the EY Entrepreneur of the Year Award in 2018.

## Early life and education

He hails from a Marwari business family of Kolkata. Bhagat completed his MBA from Indian Institute of Management in 2001.

## Career

Before joining IIM, he ran a travel agency in 1996 for a brief while. Later, he joined Kotak Mahindra Bank and served as the head of Kotak Mahindra Bank's wealth management practice for Mumbai.

In April 2008, Bhagat along with his friends Yatin Shah and Amit Shah founded IIFL Wealth Management Ltd. as a unit of IIFL Holdings.

His company IIFL Wealth sold a 21.6% stake in the wealth unit to General Atlantic for ₹ 1.2 billion (USD173 million) in October 2015. As of September 2019, IIFL Wealth & Asset Management has around Rs.1,70,000 crore of assets under advice, distribution and management. He is also an angel investor in half-a-dozen startups.

## Public and media appearances

Some of his public appearances are:

| Year | Title | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2019 | Speaker, Cafe Mutual IFA CIFA |  |
| 2018 | Fortune India Next 500 Annual Summit |  |
| 2018 | ETMarkets Global Summit |  |
| 2018 | IIMBue |  |
| 2018 | The Wealth Manager, on Times Now |  |
| 2018 | Tata Literature Live! |  |
| 2017 | Asset Reboot, on ET Now |  |
| 2017 | Market Makers Show, on ET Now |  |
|  | Panel discussion, Tribute to Titans (Marwar India Magazine) |  |

## Awards and recognition

| Year | Award(s) | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | Youth Business Tycoons Under 40 by Indiatimes.com |  |
| 2016 | Fortune India's 40 Under 40 list |  |
| 2017 | Fortune India's 40 Under 40 list |  |
| 2017 | The Economic Times's 40 under 40 list 2017 |  |
| 2017 | Indian Wealth Management - Award for Excellence by Hubbis |  |
| 2018 | Best Wealth Management Thought Leader - India Wealth Awards |  |
| 2017-18 | Global Indian of the Year - India's Greatest Brands & Leaders |  |
| 2017-18 | Global Indian of the Year by URS asiaone.co.in |  |
| 2018 | Finalist for the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award |  |

## InfoBox

| Karan Bhagat | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Alma mater | IIM Bangalore, 2001 |
| Occupation(s) | Founder, MD & CEO of IIFL Wealth |
| Organization | IIFL Wealth & Asset Management |
| Spouse | Shilpa Bhagat |


title: Thomas Vaske

abstract: Thomas Vaske is an East German sprint canoer who competed in the late 1980s. He won three medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a silver and two bronzes.

text:
# Thomas Vaske

**Thomas Vaske** is an East German sprint canoer who competed in the late 1980s. He won three medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a silver (K-4 1000 m: 1986) and two bronzes (K-2 1000 m: 1987, K-4 1000 m: 1989).

## InfoBox

Thomas Vaske
| Medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Men's canoe sprint | | |
| World Championships | | |
|  | 1986 Montreal | K-4 1000 m |
|  | 1987 Duisburg | K-2 1000 m |
|  | 1989 Plovdiv | K-4 1000 m |


title: Günther Möbius

abstract: Günther Möbius is a former East German slalom canoeist who competed in the 1950s. He won a gold medal in the folding K-1 team event at the 1959 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Geneva.

text:
# Günther Möbius

**Günther Möbius** is a former East German slalom canoeist who competed in the 1950s. He won a gold medal in the folding K-1 team event at the 1959 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Geneva.

## InfoBox

Günther Möbius
| Sport | |
| --- | --- |
| Sport | Kayaking |
| Event | Folding kayak |
| Medal record      Men's canoe slalom  Representing  East Germany  World Championships  1959 Geneva Folding K-1 team | |


title: War of the Worldviews

abstract: War of the Worldviews: Science vs. Spirituality is a book written by Deepak Chopra and Leonard Mlodinow, which was published in 2011, and is a debate between views on science and spirituality.

text:
# War of the Worldviews

***War of the Worldviews: Science vs. Spirituality*** is a book written by Deepak Chopra and Leonard Mlodinow, which was published in 2011, and is a debate between views on science and spirituality.

## Premise

The book is written as a series of essays by each author on a mutually-agreed-upon list of 18 questions. The science worldview is represented by Mlodinow and the spirituality worldview is represented by Chopra. Each presents his side which is followed by the other person's rebuttal.

## Overall

Mlodinow suggests that "the universe operates according to laws of physics while acknowledging that science does not address why the laws exist or how they arise". Chopra says that "the laws of nature as well as mathematics share the same source as human consciousness".

## InfoBox

War of the Worldviews
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Authors | Deepak Chopra<br>Leonard Mlodinow |
| Language | English |
| Subjects | Science, spirituality |
| Publisher | Harmony Books |
| Publication date | 2011 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print (Paperback) |
| Pages | 316 |
| ISBN | 978-0-307-88688-0 |
| OCLC | 708648095 |
| Dewey Decimal | 501 |


title: Philip Paul

abstract: Philip "Pinchy" Paul was an early New York labor racketeer who led an alliance of independent labor sluggers in an attempt to break the monopoly long held by Joseph "Joe the Greaser" Rosenweig and Benjamin "Dopey Benny" Fein resulting in the first Labor Slugger War. A "starker" for the Furriers Union, Paul became involved in an altercation with Rosenzweig at Rivington Street movie theater on May 8, 1914. He was eventually gunned down and killed on Norfolk Street by Benjamin Snyder under orders from Rosenzweig. Rosenzweig was later indicted for Paul's murder and, agreeing to turn state's evidence along with Fein, would bring an end to the first Labor Slugger War.

text:
# Philip Paul

**Philip** "**Pinchy**" **Paul** (died May 10, 1914) was an early New York labor racketeer who led an alliance of independent labor sluggers in an attempt to break the monopoly long held by Joseph "Joe the Greaser" Rosenweig and Benjamin "Dopey Benny" Fein resulting in the first Labor Slugger War. A "starker" for the Furriers Union, Paul became involved in an altercation with Rosenzweig at Rivington Street movie theater on May 8, 1914. He was eventually gunned down and killed on Norfolk Street by Benjamin Snyder under orders from Rosenzweig. Rosenzweig was later indicted for Paul's murder and, agreeing to turn state's evidence along with Fein, would bring an end to the first Labor Slugger War.

* "Murder Confession Involves Union Men; Benny Snyder Asserts 'Joe the Greaser' Made Him Kill 'Pinchy' Paul" (PDF). *The New York Times*. December 20, 1914. p. 12.
* "'Pinchy' Case Complete; Two More Confessions Tighten Murder Net Around Rosen" (PDF). *The New York Times*. December 22, 1914. p. 10.
* "Another Gang Head Confesses Murder; 'Joe the Greaser' Pleads Guilty and Tells of Labor Union Thuggery" (PDF). *The New York Times*. May 29, 1915. p. 6.
*

## InfoBox

| Philip Paul | |
| --- | --- |
| Died | 10 May 1914<br>New York City, Norfolk Street |
| Cause of death | Gunned down by Benjamin Snyder |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Labor racketee |
| Known for | Murdered by Benjamin Snyder |


title: Haloclavidae

abstract: Haloclavidae is a family of sea anemones. Members of the family are found worldwide and many live largely buried in soft substrates with only their oral disc and tentacles protruding.

text:
# Haloclavidae

**Haloclavidae** is a family of sea anemones. Members of the family are found worldwide and many live largely buried in soft substrates with only their oral disc and tentacles protruding.

## Characteristics

Members of this family mostly have elongated columns which are often differentiated into different regions. The column is either smooth or has tubercles or suckers on its surface. The base is often rounded and used for digging but in some species it is flattened and adhesive to small objects. There is usually no sphincter but when one is present, it is endodermal. The tentacles are short and there are seldom more than 48, arranged cyclically. The mesenteries or internal tissue walls are few. There are no muscles attaching them to the basal disc but they do have strong retractor muscles. At least six pairs of the mesenteries are perfect, reaching from the base as far as the actinopharynx or throat of the anemone. There is a single, well defined siphonoglyph, a ciliated groove, which is often elongated and nearly detached from the rest of the actinopharynx.

## Genera

According to the World Register of Marine Species, the family includes the following genera:

## InfoBox

| Haloclavidae | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Peachia quinquecapitata* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hexacorallia |
| Order: | Actiniaria |
| Superfamily: | Actinioidea |
| Family: | Haloclavidae<br>Verrill, 1899 |
|
| Genera | |
| See text | |


title: Imafen

abstract: Imafen (R25540) is an antidepressant which was patented in the mid-1970s by Janssen, but was never marketed.

text:
# Imafen

**Imafen** (**R25540**) is an antidepressant which was patented in the mid-1970s by Janssen, but was never marketed.

## InfoBox

Imafen
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| ATC code | * None |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * 5-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1*H*-imidazo\[1,2-a\]imidazole | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C11H13N3 |
| Molar mass | 187.246 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * N\3=C1/NCCN1C(c2ccccc2)C/3 | |


title: Lahuaytambo District

abstract: Lahuaytambo District is one of thirty-two districts of the province Huarochirí in Peru.

text:
# Lahuaytambo District

**Lahuaytambo District** is one of thirty-two districts of the province Huarochirí in Peru.

12°05′47″S 76°23′20″W / 12.0965°S 76.3889°W / -12.0965; -76.3889

## InfoBox

| Lahuaytambo Lawaytampu | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Country | Peru |
| Region | Lima |
| Province | Huarochirí |
| Founded | December 31, 1943 |
| Capital | Lahuaytambo |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Tomas Oscar Belen Naupa |
| Area | |
| Total | 81.88 km2 (31.61 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 3,338 m (10,951 ft) |
| Population (2005 census) | |
| Total | 803 |
| Density | 9.8/km2 (25/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
| UBIGEO | 150710 |
| Website | munilahuaytambo.gob.pe |


title: R. Jude Samulski

abstract: Richard Jude Samulski is an American scientist, inventor, and academic recognized for his pioneering work in gene therapy and adeno-associated virus vectors (AAV) in the fields of molecular virology and pharmacology. Samulski is the former director of the UNC Gene Therapy Center and a member of the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.

text:
# R. Jude Samulski

**Richard Jude Samulski** (born 1954) is an American scientist, inventor, and academic recognized for his pioneering work in gene therapy and adeno-associated virus vectors (AAV) in the fields of molecular virology and pharmacology.

Samulski is the former director of the UNC Gene Therapy Center and a member of the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.

## Education

Samulski earned his Ph.D. at the University of Florida in 1982 and his B.S. at Clemson University in 1976. He was president of the American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy in 2011. His contributions to scientific literature include 208 academic publications, and 408 research items, broadly cited by their scholarly discipline with 3,158 patent citations and 17,140 scholarly citations.

## Work

He co-founded biotechnology companies active in gene therapy and AAV commercialization, including AskBio (Asklepios BioPharmaceutical Inc.), a biotechnology company focused on AAV gene therapy, NanoCor Therapeutics, Inc. Chatham Therapeutics, Inc. and Bamboo Therapeutics, Inc, spinoffs from Asklepios BioPharmaceutical Inc. He was the director of the UNC School of Medicine Gene Therapy Center in Chapel Hill, North Carolina until 2016.

## AAV research

Samulski's research has focused on the study of the human non-pathogenic parvovirus adeno-associated virus (AAV) and its use in gene therapies. In the 1980s, as a graduate student, he pioneered the use of AAV as a vector for therapeutic genes. In 1984, he cloned the virus DNA into a bacterial plasmid. This led to the recognition of the potential of AAV and also formed the foundation for the two current FDA-approved AAV gene therapies. His work demonstrated AAV2 as a viral vector for gene therapy which led to the first U.S. Patent for inserting genes into AAV. This technique has been used in gene therapy clinical trials for cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, haemophilia and Parkinson's disease, and the foundation for gene therapy research and development in the bioscience industry and academic institutions such as UNC. In 2016, Pfizer acquired his company, Bamboo Therapeutics, and in 2014, Baxter International acquired Chatham Therapeutics and programs developed by AskBio.

## Awards and recognition

In 2008, Samulski was the first person to receive the *Outstanding Achievement Award* by the American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy, which recognized his lifetime of significant scientific contributions to the field of gene therapy. He holds 98 U.S. and foreign patents and has also been recognized as a co-inventor on other patents, all of which are related to gene delivery associated with adeno-associated virus vectors.

## InfoBox

| R. Jude Samulski | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Richard Jude Samulski<br>1954 |
| Citizenship | United States |
| Alma mater | * Ph.D. University of Florida * B.S. Clemson University |
| Known for | Adeno-associated virus vectors |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Gene Therapy, Molecular Biology, Molecular Virology, Pharmacology |
| Institutions | Director, UNC Gene Therapy Center |
|  | |


title: Günther Nenning

abstract: Günther Nenning was an Austrian journalist, author, and political activist. Günther Nenning was born in Vienna, Austria. After an excellent performance in high school, Nenning served from 1940 to 1945 in the German Wehrmacht. At the end of World War II he was arrested by US forces, but soon released on condition that he stay in the Western sector. He studied linguistics and religious studies in Graz, being promoted Dr. phil. and Dr. rer. pol. in 1949 and 1959 respectively. He died in Waidring, Tyrol aged 84.

text:
# Günther Nenning

**Günther Nenning** (December 23, 1921 – May 14, 2006) was an Austrian journalist, author, and political activist.

Günther Nenning was born in Vienna, Austria. After an excellent performance in high school, Nenning served from 1940 to 1945 in the German Wehrmacht. At the end of World War II he was arrested by US forces, but soon released on condition that he stay in the Western sector. He studied linguistics and religious studies in Graz, being promoted Dr. phil. and Dr. rer. pol. in 1949 and 1959 respectively.

He died in Waidring, Tyrol aged 84.

## Journalism

During his studies he started his journalistic career, first as a writer, later as vice chief editor of the socialist daily newspaper *Neue Zeit*. In 1958 he switched as co-owner to the cultural journal FORVM in Vienna, in 1965 he followed Friedrich Torberg as owner and chief editor, changing the name to *NEUES FORVM*. Nenning left the journal in 1970, handing it over as community property to a club of writers and employees. He founded a youth journal in 1973, but due to legal and financial problems had to stop it in 1975. Since the early 1970s he wrote as a columnist for major Austrian newspapers.

Joining the socialist faction of the Austrian Trade Union Federation (ÖGB), in 1960 he became chairman of the Austrian Journalists' Union. Accused of intending to form his own media union, in 1985 he was expelled from the Austrian Trade Union Federation, causing hundreds of journalists to leave the ÖGB in protest. In 1990 he was fully rehabilitated, and received honors for 50 years of membership in 2000.

## Politics

Nenning's political views were "multicolored", and not confined to a single party. He termed himself "Rot–grün–hellschwarzer" (red–green–light-black, referring to socialism, greens and conservatism). He participated in the protests for an Austrian media reform in 1964, in the early 1970s against the war in Vietnam, and in 1978 against the planned nuclear power plant in Zwentendorf.

In 1984 he was one of the leading protesters against the Danube power plant at Hainburg, which earned him the nickname "Auhirsch" (meadow deer). He was one of the most influential mentors in the early years of the then forming Austrian Green Party. His green activities and ecologically motivated rants against socialist members of parliament caused the Austrian socialist party to expel him in 1985. A month later Nenning joined the Swiss socialist party.

Nenning had always been an ardent activist for women's rights, and called himself a convinced feminist.

## Books and TV

Günther Nenning was a prolific author, who also directed TV movies and a documentary for the ORF (Austrian television). Among others, he was TV host of the talk show *Club 2* (ORF) and host of the German TV talk show *III nach 9* (ARD). In addition to his many authored books, Nenning spent the final year of his life editing a 21-volume anthology of Austrian literature after 1945, first called "Austrokoffer" (Austro-suitcase; it was designed to fit in a large, brightly decorated carrying case) and then received the less controversial title of "Landvermessung" (Land-measuring or Land-surveying). It became a cause celebre when critics felt that Nenning was unqualified to edit such a collection and some major authors like Elfriede Jelinek refused to contribute work due to government funding of the project. 139 authors eventually found representation in the well-designed collection, which had to be issued in a second limited edition due to public demand.

## Notes and references


title: Waumandee (CDP), Wisconsin

abstract: Waumandee is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Waumandee, in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, United States. Waumandee is located on County Highway U 8.5 miles (13.7 km) northeast of Cochrane. As of the 2010 census, its population is 68.

text:
# Waumandee (CDP), Wisconsin

**Waumandee** is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Waumandee, in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, United States. Waumandee is located on County Highway U 8.5 miles (13.7 km) northeast of Cochrane. As of the 2010 census, its population is 68.

## InfoBox

| Waumandee, Wisconsin | |
| --- | --- |
| Census-designated place | |
| Waumandee | |
| Coordinates: 44°18′11″N 91°42′21″W / 44.30306°N 91.70583°W / 44.30306; -91.70583 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Wisconsin |
| County | Buffalo |
| Town | Waumandee |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.174 sq mi (0.45 km2) |
| Land | 0.174 sq mi (0.45 km2) |
| Water | 0 sq mi (0 km2) |
| Elevation | 768 ft (234 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| Total | 68 |
| Density | 390/sq mi (150/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 608 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1576313 |


title: Harry Graham (poet)

abstract: Jocelyn Henry Clive 'Harry' Graham was an English writer. He was a successful journalist and later, after distinguished military service, a leading lyricist for operettas and musical comedies, but he is now best remembered as a writer of humorous verse in a style of grotesquerie and black humour.

text:
# Harry Graham (poet)

**Jocelyn Henry Clive 'Harry' Graham** (23 December 1874 – 30 October 1936) was an English writer. He was a successful journalist and later, after distinguished military service, a leading lyricist for operettas and musical comedies, but he is now best remembered as a writer of humorous verse in a style of grotesquerie and black humour.

## Life

### Family and education

Graham was the second son of Sir Henry Graham, KCB (1842–1930), Clerk of the Parliaments, and his first wife, Lady Edith Elizabeth Gathorne-Hardy, who died two weeks after Harry's birth. Graham's elder brother Ronald Graham entered the diplomatic service, becoming Ambassador to Italy (1921–33). Graham was educated at Eton and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.

### Military career

Graham was commissioned into the Coldstream Guards as a second lieutenant on 6 March 1895, and was promoted to lieutenant on 9 January 1898. From March 1899 to 1901 and again in 1902–1904 he served as aide-de-camp to Lord Minto, Governor-General of Canada. In the intervening year, he served in the Second Boer War in South Africa. He was promoted to captain (supernumerary) on 20 April 1901, and received a regular commission from his regiment in August 1902, as he returned to Canada. Graham kept a journal of his trip across Canada with Minto to the Klondike Gold Rush in the Yukon in 1900, called *Across Canada to the Klondyke*, which he later presented to Minto, and which was eventually published. Graham retired from the army in 1904, and became private secretary to the former Prime Minister, Lord Rosebery, 1904–06.

On the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, Graham rejoined the Coldstream Guards and served in France in the 40th and 5th divisions.

### Marriage and later life

Graham was engaged to Ethel Barrymore, but they did not marry. He married Dorothy Villiers in 1910, and they had a daughter, Virginia Graham, who followed him as a writer, contributing many articles to *Punch*.

Graham died of cancer in London in 1936, aged 61. A memorial service for him was held in St Martin-in-the-Fields.

## Career as a writer

### Light verse

His first published works appeared during his military career. In 1906, he became a full-time writer, as a journalist and author of light verse, popular fiction and history, including *A Group of Scottish Women* (1908).

Graham is best remembered for his series of cheerfully cruel *Ruthless Rhymes*, first published in 1898 under the pseudonym Col. D. Streamer, a reference to his regiment. These were described by *The Times*, in an editorial that compared him to Edward Lear, Lewis Carroll and W. S. Gilbert, as "that enchanted world where there are no values nor standards of conduct or feeling, and where the plainest sense is the plainest nonsense". The *Oxford Dictionary of National Biography* also compares his verse with that of W. S. Gilbert and suggests that his prose was an early influence on P. G. Wodehouse. Graham's other light verse exhibited a delight in language, and not only his native one, as in his response to the news that Wilhelm II, visiting Brussels, spoke at length with Baron de Haulleville, Director of the Congo Museum, in French, German and English: the poem began:

> Guten Morgen, mon ami!
> Heute ist es schönes Wetter!
> Charmé de vous voir ici!
> Never saw you looking better!

An example of a *Ruthless Rhyme* is:

> Father heard his children scream
> So he threw them in the stream
> Saying, as he drowned the third,
> "Children should be seen, not heard!"

Graham's pleasure in word-play is illustrated in his poem on "Poetical Economy":

> When I’ve a syllable de trop,
> I cut it off, without apol.:
> This verbal sacrifice, I know,
> May irritate the schol.;
> But all must praise my dev’lish cunn.
>
> Who realise that Time is Mon.

Some of the *Ruthless Rhymes* involved *Little Willie*, a poetic personification of youthful mischief, whose gruesome acts of violence with indifferent or cheerfully inappropriate responses inspired readers to compose similar verses. The most common format of these poems was a four lines in trochaic tetrameter. Victor Hely-Hutchinson composed a series of song settings for the poems published as *Ruthless Rhymes for Heartless Homes* in 1945 and 1946.

*When Grandmama Fell Off the Boat: The Best of Harry Graham* is an anthology of Graham's verse (1986, Salem House). A 2nd edition was published by Sheldrake Press in 2009.

### Lyricist and translator

During the war, Graham started to write lyrics for English operettas and musical comedies, including *Tina* (1915), *Sybil* (1916), the 1917 hit operetta *The Maid of the Mountains* and *A Southern Maid* (1920), and English adaptations of European operettas such as *Whirled into Happiness* (1922), *Madame Pompadour* (1923), *The Land of Smiles* (1931) and many others.

His best known lyrics were "You are my heart's delight", his English version of "Dein ist mein ganzes Herz", from *The Land of Smiles*, composed by Franz Lehár (and made famous by the popular tenor Richard Tauber), and "Goodbye", from his English adaptation of *The White Horse Inn* (originally "Adieu, mein kleiner Gardeoffizier" from Robert Stolz's operetta *Die lustigen Weiber von Wien*, a song which later achieved great popularity as sung by Josef Locke).

## Published works

* 1899: *Ruthless Rhymes for Heartless Homes*; words by Col. D. Streamer; illustrations by G. H. Obl. 8vo., 59 pp. London: Edward Arnold (both words and drawings are by Graham)

Posthumous publication * 1984: *Across Canada to the Klondyke*; edited and with an introduction by Frances Bowles. Toronto: Methuen ISBN 0-458-98240-7 (A travel diary)

Anthology * 1986: *When Grandmama Fell off the Boat: the best of Harry Graham inventor of ruthless rhymes*; with an introduction by Miles Kington. (Methuen Humour Classics.) London: Methuen ISBN 0-413-14150-0
    + --do.--1988, Harper Collins
    + --do.--2009, Sheldrake Press


title: Haloclava producta

abstract: Haloclava producta is a species of sea anemone in the family Haloclavidae, commonly known as the ghost anemone. This species is native to shallow water in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, between Cape Hatteras and the Bay of Fundy, where it makes a temporary burrow in soft sediment. It is found on sand flats, both intertidally and subtidally.

text:
# Haloclava producta

***Haloclava producta*** is a species of sea anemone in the family Haloclavidae, commonly known as the **ghost anemone**. This species is native to shallow water in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, between Cape Hatteras and the Bay of Fundy, where it makes a temporary burrow in soft sediment. It is found on sand flats, both intertidally and subtidally.

## Description

*H. producta* has an elongated column up to 15 cm (6 in) in length and an oral disc surrounded by a whorl of about twenty short, knobbed tentacles. The column has a very thin body wall and is studded with about twenty rows of hollow blisters; it makes up most of this anemone's surface area. At the base of the column, the pedal disc is modified into a "physa", an inflatable digging organ.

## Biology

The water in the shallows where *H. producta* lives is sometimes low in oxygen. Under these conditions, the sea anemone extends its column and tentacles, perhaps to expose the largest possible area of epidermis to the water to increase oxygen uptake. It also irrigates the burrow in which it lives in the sediment, creating a current through it by a series of peristaltic waves. If exposed to hypoxia for periods of several days, its interior turns black and it gives off hydrogen sulphide. It can survive in low oxygen conditions for eleven days or more.

## Venom

A type of dermatitis with itchy red skin has been recognised in people who are exposed to the sand and mud flats around Long Island, New York. Although *H. producta* had not previously been considered to be venomous to humans, exposure to these sea anemones was thought to be responsible for the irritating rash, and this is now accepted as the cause. The condition is known as "clam diggers' itch" or "ghost anemone dermatitis", and usually affects hands and wrists, ankles, knees and inner thighs.

## InfoBox

| *Haloclava producta* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hexacorallia |
| Order: | Actiniaria |
| Family: | Haloclavidae |
| Genus: | *Haloclava* |
| Species: | ***H. producta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Haloclava producta***<br>(Stimpson, 1856) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| List * *Actinia producta* Stimpson, 1856 * *Corynactis albida* Agassiz, 1859 * *Eloactis producta* (Stimpson, 1856) * *Halcampa albida* (Agassiz, 1859) * *Halcampa elizabethae*  A. & E. Agassiz in Andrès, 1883 * *Halcampa producta* (Stimpson, 1856) * *Halocampa albida* (Agassiz) * *Halocampa producta* (Stimpson, 1856) * *Haloclava albida* Verrill * *Haloclava praducta* | |


title: Ursula Biemann

abstract: Ursula Biemann is a Swiss video artist, curator, educator, and art theorist.

text:
# Ursula Biemann

**Ursula Biemann** (born 8 September 1955) is a Swiss video artist, curator, educator, and art theorist.

## Biography

Born on 8 September 1955 in Zurich, Switzerland. Biemann is a contemporary media artist. She was trained in art in Boston, Mexico and New York, graduating with a Bachelor of Fine Arts at the School of Visual Arts (SVA) in 1986. In 1988 Biemann attended the Whitney Independent Study Program in New York.

From 1995 to 1998 she curated the Shedhalle Zürich; and from 2000 to 2003, she taught at the École Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Genève. and directed artistic research projects (e.g. 2003-2005 *B-Zone Becoming Europe and Beyond*, 2005-2007 *The Maghreb Connection*) at the Institute for Theory at Zurich University of the Arts, ZHdK.

Biemann initiated several curatorial and collaborative research and exhibition projects (e.g. *World of Matter* produced by Hartware Dortmund, in the collection of HEK Basel)

## Video Essays

Biemann's early video art (e.g. 1999 *Performing the Border* and 2000's *Writing Desire*) addressed the topics of gender, globalization, technology and Mobility in an essayistic and documentary-like style. Her later work (e.g. 2013 *Deep Weather*, 2014 *Forest Law*, 2018 *Acoustic Ocean*, 2021 *Forest Mind*) focuses on resources, the ecology, forests, and the climate, and uses a more critical style involving mythical, poetic and science fictional elements.

From 2018 to 2023 Biemann was commissioned new work by the Museo de Arte at the National University of Colombia UNAL, initiating a long-term collaboration with the Indigenous Inga people of Colombia creating an Indigenous University in the rainforest. The cooperation resulted in the media work *Devenir Universidad* and *Forest Mind* with a focus on the intelligence in nature and a dialogue between scientific and ancestral knowledge systems.

The UNAL commission also comprised the creation of a multi-media an online monograph *Becoming Earth* of Biemann's ecological video works from 2012-2024.

## Exhibitions

Biemann's work contributes to numerous group exhibitions worldwide and has been exhibited in International Art Biennials in 2024 Riyadh, 2023 Venice, 2008 and 2018 Shanghai, 2016 Sao Paulo, 2018 Taipei, 2016 Shardjah, 2008 Liverpool, 2008 Gwangju, 2009 Bamako, 2007 and 2022 Istanbul, 2014 Montreal.

Selected solo exhibitions

* 2024 at the Museum for Contemporary Art at UNAM Mexico City
* 2024 Freiraum Museumsquartier in Vienna
* 2022 at Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art MAMAC Nice
* 2020 at the Centre culturel suisse Paris
* 2013 in Neuer Berliner Kunstverein n.b.k.
* 2012 Lentos Museum Linz
* 2009 at Nikolaj Contemporary Art in Copenhagen
* 2009 at Helmhaus Zurich
* 2008 in the Bildmuseet Umea in Sweden

Biemann's writing addresses topics such as borders, migration, gender, the ecology, the Anthropocene, human-nonhuman relations and Indigenous knowledge systems, including the ancient trans-Saharan trade routes that are now being used by migrants.

## Bibliography

Books by the artist

* *Geography and the Politics of Mobility* by Generali Foundation, Vienna, published by Walther König, Cologne, 2003
* *Stuff It - The Video Essay in the Digital Age*, Voldemeer/Springer, 2003
* *The Maghreb Connection*, Actar Publishers, 2006
* *Mission Reports – artistic practice in the field, Ursula Biemann Video Works 1998-2008*, published by Bildmuseet Umea and Arnolofini Bristol, distributed by Cornerhouse Publishers.
* *Forest Law – Selva juridica*, A project by Ursula Biemann and Paulo Tavares on the cosmopolitics of Amazonia. Broad Art Museum, State University of Michigan, 2014
* *World of Matter*, Sternberg Press, Berlin/New York, 2015
* *Forest Mind. On the Interconnection of All Life*, Spector Books, Leipzig, 2022

## Awards

Her works were first noted in the international media art scene before a first exhibition in Switzerland in 2009. Her works have been exhibited internationally since 1998, and are held by several *Fonds d'art contemporain* in France and Switzerland, as well as by the Centre national d'art et de culture Georges Pompidou in Rennes, Migros Museum, the Musée d'Art du Valais in Sion, Swiss Federal Art Collection BKS Bundeskunstsammlung, Kunsthaus Zurich, and the Generali Foundation in Vienna. She received the 2009 Prix Meret Oppenheim, a 2008 Honorary Degree by the Swedish University in Umeå, and the 2022 Art Award of the City of Zurich among other awards.


title: Omar Jagne

abstract: Omar Jagne is a Gambian footballer who plays as a forward for IFK Haninge in the Swedish Division 1, the domestic fifth tier.

text:
# Omar Jagne

**Omar Jagne** (born 10 June 1992) is a Gambian footballer who plays as a forward for IFK Haninge in the Swedish Division 1, the domestic fifth tier.

## InfoBox

Omar Jagne
|  | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1992-06-10) 10 June 1992 | | |
| Place of birth | Gambia | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Bullermyrens IK | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2011–2012 | Falu FK |  |  |
| 2013–2017 | Dalkurd FF | 80 | (19) |
| 2017 | Ljungskile SK | 16 | (0) |
| 2018 | Syrianska FC | 0 | (0) |
| 2018– | Bullermyrens IK | 10 | (10) |
| International career | | | |
| 2015– | Gambia | 4 | (1) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 2 May 2018 Club 2019 newroz fc =
Club 2020 IFK Haninge
‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 19 June 2016 | | | |


title: Milky Way (chocolate bar)

abstract: Milky Way is a brand of chocolate-covered confectionery bar manufactured and marketed by Mars, Incorporated. There are two varieties: the US Milky Way bar, which is sold as the Mars bar worldwide, including Canada; and the global Milky Way bar, which is sold as the 3 Musketeers in the US and Canada.

text:
# Milky Way (chocolate bar)

**Milky Way** is a brand of chocolate-covered confectionery bar manufactured and marketed by Mars, Incorporated. There are two varieties: the US Milky Way bar, which is sold as the Mars bar worldwide, including Canada; and the global Milky Way bar, which is sold as the 3 Musketeers in the US and Canada (neither bar is sold as Milky Way in Canada).

## US version

Milky Way Bar (American version)
| Nutritional value per 2.05 oz., 58.12 g (1 bar) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| **Carbohydrates** | 57 g |
| Sugars | 21 g |
| Dietary fiber | 1 g |
|  | |
|  | |
| **Fat** | 9 g |
| Saturated | 7 g |
|  | |
|  | |
| **Protein** | 1 g |
| Vitamins and minerals | |
| Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies.
Source: Nutritionalicion information from Mars, Inc. | |

The Milky Way bar is made of nougat, topped with caramel and covered with milk chocolate. It was created in 1923 by Frank C. Mars and originally manufactured in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The name and taste derived from a then-popular malted milk drink (milkshake) of the day, not after the astronomical galaxy.

On March 10, 1925, the Milky Way trademark was registered in the US, claiming a first-use date of 1922. In 1924, the Milky Way bar was introduced nationally, with sales totalling $800,000 that year. The chocolate for the chocolate coating was supplied by Hershey's.

By 1926, two variants were available: chocolate nougat with milk chocolate coating, and vanilla nougat with a dark chocolate coating, each selling for 5¢. In June 1932, the bar was marketed as a two-piece bar, and four years later, in 1936, the chocolate and vanilla were separated. The vanilla version with a dark chocolate coating was called "Forever Yours" and was marketed under this name until 1979, then Milky Way Dark was reintroduced in 1989. Later "Milky Way Dark" was renamed "Milky Way Midnight".

In 1935, Mars used the marketing slogan "The sweet you can eat between meals," later using "At work, rest and play, you get three great tastes in a Milky Way." By 2006, Mars used the slogan "Comfort in every bar" in the US and most recently "Life's better the Milky Way."

In 2010, the Milky Way Simply Caramel bar went on sale, a version with caramel covered in milk chocolate and without nougat. In 2011, Mars introduced a small size (marketed as *fun size*) Simply Caramel bar. A salted caramel version has since been introduced. Milky Way Simply Caramel was discontinued in the summer of 2023.

In 2012, Milky Way Caramel Apple Minis went on sale as a limited offer for the Halloween season.

In late summer of 2018, Milky Way Fudge, which substitutes chocolate fudge nougat for malt nougat, was introduced nationwide.

The American Milky Way bar has 240 calories in each 52.2 gram bar; the Milky Way Midnight has 220 calories in each 50 gram bar; and the Milky Way Simply Caramel bar has 250 calories in each 54 gram bar.

### Marketing

In November 2012, a new print and digital advertising campaign was launched in the US called "Sorry, I was eating a Milky Way". The campaign portrayed the comical aftermath of what happens after someone (off camera) is distracted due to eating a Milky Way bar. This campaign originated from the suggestion that eating a Milky Way bar may be a slow, involved process.

## Global version

The version of the Milky Way bar sold outside the United States has no caramel topping; it consists of a nougat centre that is considerably less dense than that of the British Mars bar and the American Milky Way bar. The global Milky Way bar is marketed in the United States as 3 Musketeers bar. Because of this low density (0.88 g/cm3), it floats in milk, an attribute highlighted in an advertising campaign in several European countries.

Originally available within Europe only in chocolate flavor, the center was revised to vanilla flavor around 1993, though the chocolate flavor still remains available in Australia. The bar is also available in banana, mango, and strawberry flavors.

In the UK, Mars introduced the Flyte bar, which was identical to the old-style chocolate flavored Milky Way, marketed in twin packs and discontinued in 2015. Also available in Europe are Milky Way Crispy Rolls, chocolate-covered wafer rolls with milk-cream fillings.

A variant of the Milky Way bar branded 'Milky Way Magic Stars', created by Barnaby Edwards, is marketed in the UK, with small aerated chocolate star shapes. Each star is engraved with a different smiley face, representing one of the "magic star" characters portrayed on the packaging and referenced in the advertising: Pop Star, Jess Star, Bright Star, Super Star, Twinkle Star, Falling Star, Happy Star, Sport Star, Clever Star and Baby Star. Subsequently, reference to the characters was dropped, the packaging since depicting blank stars, although the faces remain in the chocolates themselves. As of at least 2024 the faces have returned on the packaging for magic stars.

Calorie count varies. The British version of the Milky Way bar has 96 kilocalories (400 kJ).

### Marketing

A long-running advertising slogan for the product in the United Kingdom and Australia was, "The sweet you can eat between meals without ruining your appetite". In 1991, the Health Education Authority and anti-sugar lobbyists both complained, without success, to the Independent Television Commission that such advertising encouraged children to eat sweets between meals. The ITC agreed with Mars that its advertisements in fact encouraged restrained eating.

Once marketed as a snack food that would not intrude on regular meals, modern marketing portrays the Milky Way as a snack reducing mealtime hunger and curbing the appetite between meals.

A widely known advertisement was debuted in 1989, featuring a red 1951 Buick Roadmaster and a vehicle that resembles a blue 1959 Cadillac Series 62 (lacking its dual headlights) racing, with the former eating everything in sight and the latter eating a Milky Way. The advertisement ends with the bridge to Dinnertown being out and the now fat red car being too heavy to jump the gap while the blue car makes the jump. The advertisement returned albeit edited in 2009, removing the claim that the Milky Way is not an appetite spoiler.

## InfoBox

Milky Way
| The US and Mexico version (top) and global version (bottom) of Milky Way (picture not to scale) | |
| --- | --- |
| Product type | Confectionery |
| Owner | Mars Incorporated |
| Introduced | 1924 (1924) (US)
1935 (1935) (UK) |
| Website | milkywaybar.com |


title: Lambeth Workhouse

abstract: The Lambeth Workhouse was a workhouse in Lambeth, London. The original workhouse opened in 1726 in Princes Road. From 1871 to 1873 a new building was constructed in Renfrew Road, Lambeth. The building was eventually turned into a hospital. The workhouse's former master's house and chapel are now occupied by the Cinema Museum which is a grade II listed building. The 19th-century workhouse was built for 820 inmates, divided by sex into two groups. It cost £64,000 to build and replaced the workhouse in Princes Road. The water tower of the workhouse is Grade II listed. In 2011, it was converted into an unusual residence with a lift and observation gallery made from the large water tank on the eighth floor. The new interior was designed by Sue Timney and the development was featured on the television show Grand Designs. The hospital was named Lambeth Hospital in 1922, which later gave its name to the psychiatric hospital in Clapham.

text:
# Lambeth Workhouse

The **Lambeth Workhouse** was a workhouse in Lambeth, London. The original workhouse opened in 1726 in Princes Road (later, Black Prince Road). From 1871 to 1873 a new building was constructed in Renfrew Road, Lambeth. The building was eventually turned into a hospital. The workhouse's former master's house and chapel are now occupied by the Cinema Museum which is a grade II listed building.

The 19th-century workhouse was built for 820 inmates, divided by sex into two groups. It cost £64,000 to build and replaced the workhouse in Princes Road.

The water tower of the workhouse is Grade II listed. In 2011, it was converted into an unusual residence with a lift and observation gallery made from the large water tank on the eighth floor. The new interior was designed by Sue Timney and the development was featured on the television show *Grand Designs*.

The hospital was named Lambeth Hospital in 1922, which later gave its name to the psychiatric hospital in Clapham.

## Notable residents

* Charlie Chaplin was sent to the Lambeth Workhouse when he was seven years old, as a consequence of the financial difficulties of his family.

51°29′32″N 0°06′19″W / 51.4923°N 0.1053°W / 51.4923; -0.1053


title: Kanal D (Romania)

abstract:
Kanal D Romania is a nationwide television channel in Romania and a part of Doğan Holding, which is owned by the Turkish media tycoon Aydın Doğan. The channel was launched on 1 March 2007.
In 2012, Kanal D Romania was ranked among the top three channels in Romania. Kanal D Romania has also been in the first place with many of its television programs in prime-time, such as Turkish television series and Turkish soap operas. In 2016, in Prime Time, Kanal D ranked second among the top TV channels in Romania, both in the All Urban target and National.

text:
# Kanal D (Romania)

**Kanal D Romania** (short form of **Kanal Doğan**) is a nationwide television channel in Romania and a part of Doğan Holding, which is owned by the Turkish media tycoon Aydın Doğan. The channel was launched on 1 March 2007. In 2012, Kanal D Romania was ranked among the top three channels in Romania. Kanal D Romania has also been in the first place with many of its television programs in prime-time, such as Turkish television series and Turkish soap operas.

In 2016, in Prime Time (20:00 - 24:00), Kanal D ranked second among the top TV channels in Romania, both in the All Urban target (an increase from 2015 of +21%) and National (an increase from 2015 of +26%).

## Shows

* *Dimineața cu noi*
* *Tu urmezi!*
* *Teo Show*
* *Știrile Kanal D*
* *Meteo Kanal D*
* *ROVentura*
* *Jocul cuvintelor*
* *Sport, dietă și o vedetă*
* *Roata norocului*
* *Casa Iubirii*
* *Bravo, ai stil!*
* *În căutarea adevărului*
* *40 de întrebări cu Denise Rifai*
* *Asta-i România!*
* *Se strigă darul*
* *Ochii din umbră*
* *Teleshopping*

## InfoBox

Kanal D Romania
| Country | Romania |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Romania, Moldova |
| Headquarters | Bucharest, Romania |
| Programming | |
| Picture format | 16:9 (576i SDTV/1080i HDTV) |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Doğan Media International SA (4.2%)<br>Light Digital Televisions International SA (3.1%) |
| Sister channels | Kanal D2 |
| History | |
| Launched | 1 March 2007 (2007-03-01) |
| Links | |
| Website | www.kanald.ro |


title: Frans Pointl

abstract: Frans Pointl was a Dutch writer. Pointl was born in 1933 in Amsterdam, the son of a Jewish mother and an Austrian father. During World War II he went in hiding. He only began publishing later in life; his debut, De kip die over de soep vloog, is a collection of autobiographical stories that also describe that time. The book was an instant success and earned him a nomination for the ECI Literatuurprijs. He spent the last years of his life in a nursing home in Amsterdam but continued to write. His last book, De laatste kamer, was published in 2013. He wrote of longing for death: "Being old is a chronic disease. Every night before I go to sleep I hope to slip into eternity. I've already written my epitaph: 'Finally liberated from people'". Pointl died on 1 October 2015.

text:
# Frans Pointl

**Frans Pointl** (1 August 1933 – 1 October 2015) was a Dutch writer.

Pointl was born in 1933 in Amsterdam, the son of a Jewish mother and an Austrian father. During World War II he went in hiding. He only began publishing later in life; his debut, *De kip die over de soep vloog* ("The chicken that flew over the soup"), is a collection of autobiographical stories that also describe that time. The book was an instant success and earned him a nomination for the ECI Literatuurprijs.

He spent the last years of his life in a nursing home in Amsterdam but continued to write. His last book, *De laatste kamer* ("The last room"), was published in 2013. He wrote of longing for death: "Being old is a chronic disease. Every night before I go to sleep I hope to slip into eternity. I've already written my epitaph: 'Finally liberated from people'". Pointl died on 1 October 2015.

## Selected bibliography

## InfoBox

| Frans Pointl | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1933-08-01)1 August 1933
Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Died | 1 October 2015(2015-10-01) (aged 82)
Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Nationality | Dutch |


title: Warrnambool Cheese and Butter

abstract: Warrnambool Cheese & Butter Factory Company Holdings Limited (WCB) is an Australian-based company manufacturing dairy products, majority-owned by Saputo Inc., a Canadian company, that manufactures a range of dairy products under various brands. The business is based in Allansford, Victoria and is the oldest dairy processor in Australia, having been established in 1888. It owns cheese brands CHEER and Cracker Barrel.

text:
# Warrnambool Cheese and Butter

**Warrnambool Cheese & Butter Factory Company Holdings Limited** (**WCB**) is an Australian-based company manufacturing dairy products, majority-owned by Saputo Inc., a Canadian company, that manufactures a range of dairy products under various brands. The business is based in Allansford, Victoria and is the oldest dairy processor in Australia, having been established in 1888. It owns cheese brands CHEER (formerly COON cheese) and **Cracker Barrel**.

## History

### Early history

The company was registered on 28 May 1888 and the construction of factory facilities followed. In fact, two co-operative companies opened cheese and butter factories in Victoria in 1888; the first to open, on 22 October, was the Cobden and District Cheese and Butter Factory Company Ltd, and then on 14 November the Warrnambool Cheese & Butter Factory Co. Ltd. opened their factory in Allansford. At the start, the main product was cream, which was taken to Melbourne by rail.

Initially, Warrnambool Cheese & Butter sourced their milk from local farmers, and in 1889 all suppliers became shareholders. Butter production expanded during the 1890s, and by 1900, Victoria had 304 butter factories.

### Kraft Walker takes over (1934)

In November 1934 Kraft Walker Cheese Co. leased the factory owned by Warrnambool Cheese & Butter and expanded operations. Kraft Walker began manufacturing "Red Coon" (later to be renamed COON) cheese, around July 1931.

### Takeover of Lion Dairy & Drinks (2015)

In 2015, WCB paid A$137.5 million for a part of Lion Dairy & Drinks' business, including the cheese brands Cracker Barrel and COON.

## Current business

As of 2015 the company produces cheese, butter, cream and dairy ingredients, roughly half of which is sold overseas. Local brands include the Sungold milk, Coon cheese, Cracker Barrel, Mil Lel, Great Ocean Road and Warrnambool Cheddar cheeses. It is also one of the two Australian producers making nutraceutical products from milk extracts, including bone supplements and baby formula.

They also own and run the tourist attraction called *Cheese World*, close to the factory, which includes a dairy farm museum and an opportunity to sample cheeses, as well as a shop and cafe.

## InfoBox

Warrnambool Cheese and Butter
| Founded | 1888 |
| --- | --- |
| Headquarters | Australia |
| Website | www.wcbf.com.au |