title: Ponirak

abstract: Ponirak is a village in the City of Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located on the southern banks of the River Bosna.

text:
# Ponirak

**Ponirak** is a village in the City of Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located on the southern banks of the River Bosna.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 374.

Ethnicity in 2013
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bosniaks | 372 | 99.5% |
| other/undeclared | 2 | 0.5% |
| **Total** | **374** | **100%** |

## InfoBox

| Ponirak | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Ponirak | |
| Coordinates: 44°16′45″N 17°54′21″E / 44.2791411°N 17.9059574°E / 44.2791411; 17.9059574 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Canton | Zenica-Doboj |
| Municipality | Zenica |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.05 sq mi (5.30 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 374 |
| Density | 180/sq mi (71/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Rengha Rodewill

abstract: Rengha Rodewill is a German photographer, author, painter, graphic designer and dancer.

text:
# Rengha Rodewill

**Rengha Rodewill** (born 11 October 1948 in Hagen, Westphalia) is a German photographer, author, painter, graphic designer and dancer.

## Life and work

Rengha Rodewill was born and grew up in Hagen. There, she attended The Dance & Ballet School of artist Ingeburg Schubert-Neumann and learned to paint under the guidance of Will D. Nagel. She attended college in Italy and Spain and, in 1978, she moved to Berlin permanently. In 1998, she opened an art studio in PotsdamBabelsberg. Her first book, *Zwischenspiel – Lyrik, Fotografie* and published in 2010, was the effect of collaboration with writer and poet Eva Strittmatter whom she first met in 2000. The tome included many examples of Rodewill's romantic poetry. Until Strittmatter's death in 2011, Rodewill remained in close artistic contact with the poet. During that time, in May 2003, Eva Strittmatter was invited to recite her poetry in the garden of Rodewill's art studio during the Open-Air-Vernissage event. The reading was interrupted by a thunderstorm that later led to the renaming of those poems, *Poetry with Thunder*. In October 2010, Rodewill's book premiere *Zwischenspiel* and her photography were displayed at the Deutsche Oper Berlin. The speech at the event was given by the Kristen Harms, the author's creative director, while Strittmatter's poetry was read by Barbara Schnitzler, daughter of Inge Keller and Karl-Eduard von Schnitzler. The same book, which was another collaborative project between Rodewill and Strittmatter, was also launched at the Alte Handelsbörse Leipzig. The event, which took place on 8 February 2011, was organized by the publishing house Plöttner Verlag in honor of Strittmater's 81st birthday. Michael Hametner from the Mitteldeutschen Rundfunk *MDR Figaro radio* took on the role of the function's Master of Ceremonies. The event also involved journalist and writer Irmtraud Gutschke and actress Jutta Hoffmann who both read Strittmatter's poetry.

## Crossover

Rengha Rodewill's works have been displayed in Germany and abroad. She is also an author of many crossover happenings. Furthermore, she is very involved in charitable causes and social events which draw many renowned artists. In April 2006, she was involved in organizing the Julius Stern's Institute of Arts, Gala for the sick children of Israel, *Benefiz**zz** for kids*. The funds raised at the event were given to Keren Hayesod's organization (Vereinigte Israel Aktion e.V). Actress Brigitte Grothum read the story of Petit Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry while the Master of Ceremony role was given to Harald Pignatelli of RBB TV – Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg. In October 2008, Rodewill was involved in the *Save the Date for Charity* event benefitting *The German League of Rheumatism (Deutschen Rheuma-Liga)* which also took place at the Julius Stern's Institute of Arts. At the event, actress Barbara Schnitzler from Deutschen Theater Berlin read Effi Briest, a story by Theodor Fontane. In October 2000, Rodewill's work entitled Moments was displayed at Gallery Uffer 55 in Berlin. During the show, jazz clarinetist and saxophonist Rolf Kühn, the older brother of the pianist Joachim Kühn, accompanied by his Trio, provided the musical entertainment. In May 2004, Rodewill showcased her paintings at The Friedrich Naumann Foundation in Potsdam at an event entitled *BTrachtungsweisen*. The paintings were a part of ‘‘Series in Square‘‘ (Serie im Quadrat) which also included material collages. For the celebration of the 100th birthday of Jewish poet Mascha Kaléko, Rodewill created a two-part art installation. The showcase, *Hommage à Mascha Kaléko*, took place at the Georg Kolbe Museum in September 2007. Author Jutta Rosenkranz, honored the celebration with a biographical lecture on Kaléko's. In April 2008, crime writer Horst Bosetzky, who wrote the bestseller *Brennholz für Kartoffelschalen*, read from this book. The event took place in connection with a presentation of a personal check for Children's Clinic in Berlin (Josephinchen des St. Joseph Krankenhaus Berlin-Tempelhof). The acknowledgment speech was given by Sibylle-Anka Klotz who served as the Berlin's Health and Social Services Director at the time. In September 2009, author and singer Gisela May presented her book *Es wechseln die Zeiten* at the Children's Clinic (Kinderklinik des St. Joseph Krankenhaus) in connection with Rengha Rodewill's charity, *Benefiz für Spatz*. The Master of Ceremonies at the event was Madeleine Wehle from RBB TV – Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg.

Rodewill's art pieces are included in many private collections. Rodewill currently lives in Berlin and works as a photographer and writer.

## Publications

* *Zwischenspiel* – Lyrik, Fotografie. Zusammen mit Eva Strittmatter. Plöttner Verlag, Leipzig 2010, ISBN 978-3-86211-005-6
* *Einblicke* – Künstlerische – Literarische – Politische. Die Bildhauerin Ingeborg Hunzinger. Mit Briefen von Rosa Luxemburg. Karin Kramer Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 3-87956-368-3
* *Bautzen II* – Dokumentarische Erkundung in Fotos mit Zeitzeugenberichten und einem Vorwort von Gesine Schwan. Vergangenheitsverlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-86408-119-4
* *Hoheneck* – Das DDR-Frauenzuchthaus, Dokumentarische Erkundung in Fotos mit Zeitzeugenberichten und einem Vorwort von Katrin Göring-Eckardt. Vergangenheitsverlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86408-162-0
* *-ky's Berliner Jugend* – Erinnerungen in Wort und Bild. Zusammen mit Horst Bosetzky. Vergangenheitsverlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86408-173-6
* *Angelika Schrobsdorff* – Leben ohne Heimat (Biografie). Bebra-Verlag, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-89809-138-1

## Literature

* Annette Gonserowski: *Künstlerin Rengha Rodewill auf der Suche nach Harmonie*, HagenBuch 2009, S.125–128, ardenkuverlag, Hagen
ISBN 978-3-93207-087-7

**Interviews**

* Götz J. Pfeiffer: *Neuer Ort für Kunst* in Potsdamer Neueste Nachrichten am 3. Juni 2004, online unter pnn.de
* Ulrich Biermann: *DDR-Frauengefängnis Hoheneck* "Wir wurden wie Abschaum behandelt". Gespräch mit Rengha Rodewill am 30 June 2014 in *Resonanzen* WDR 3, Archiv: WDR 3 vom 5. Juli 2014
* Franca Fischer: *So wurden die Häftlinge in Bautzen gequält*, in Die Welt am 10. September 2013, online unter *welt.de*
* Martina Helmig: *Im Gespräch die Fotografin* "Zwischenspiel in den Kulissen", in Berliner Morgenpost am 30 September 2010, online unter *Berliner Morgenpost.de*
* Michael Hametner: *Eva Strittmatter Abend* Gespräch mit Rengha Rodewill und Jonas Plöttner, Alte Handelsbörse (Leipzig), 8. Februar 2011
* Christhard Läpple: *Buchvorstellung Bautzen II – Dokumentarische Erkundung in Fotos* Gespräch mit Rengha Rodewill, Markus Meckel und Sigrid Grünewald, DBB Beamtenbund und Tarifunion Berlin, 13. September 2013
* Bebra-Verlag:  *Angelika Schrobsdorff – Leben ohne Heimat*, Lesung und Gespräch mit Rengha Rodewill, Voice Republic, Literaturforum, Leipziger Buchmesse, Leipzig 23. März 2017
* Tina Gerhäusser: *Tag – Die Geschichten hinter den Nachrichten*, Gespräch mit Rengha Rodewill über das Buch *Angelika Schrobsdorff – Leben ohne Heimat*, DW-TV Berlin, 5. Mai 2017

## InfoBox

| Rengha Rodewill | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 11 October 1948
Hagen, Westphalia, Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Occupation(s) | Photographer, author, painter, graphic designer and dancer |
| Notable work | (in German) Angelika Schrobsdorff – Leben ohne Heimat
(in German) Hoheneck– Das DDR-Frauenzuchthaus |


title: Poninskiøyra

abstract: Poninskiøyra is a flat sand and clay area in Woodfjorddalen in Andrée Land and Haakon VII Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is located at the lower part of the valley, and includes the hill Tantalushaugen. The area is named after military officer and cartographer Bernhard Graf von Poninski, who made stereophotogrammetrical mapping of the Woodfjorden area during an expedition in 1907.

text:
# Poninskiøyra

**Poninskiøyra** is a flat sand and clay area in Woodfjorddalen in Andrée Land and Haakon VII Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is located at the lower part of the valley, and includes the hill Tantalushaugen. The area is named after military officer and cartographer Bernhard Graf von Poninski, who made stereophotogrammetrical mapping of the Woodfjorden area during an expedition in 1907.

79°14′06″N 14°04′27″E / 79.2349°N 14.0743°E / 79.2349; 14.0743


title: Pop Fiction (TV series)

abstract: Pop Fiction is an American practical joke television series that debuted on March 9, 2008 on E!. The series is hosted by Peter Katona, and in the spirit of Punk'd, the show creates fake gossip for the paparazzi.

text:
# Pop Fiction (TV series)

***Pop Fiction*** is an American practical joke television series that debuted on March 9, 2008 on E!. The series is hosted by Peter Katona, and in the spirit of *Punk'd*, the show creates fake gossip for the paparazzi.

## Tagline

*Is it real, or is it Pop Fiction?* Celebrities who try to trick the reporters say the tagline "Is it real, or is it Pop Fiction?" at the end of the clips, similar to Punk'd, where celebrities say "I just got punk'd!"

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- |
|
| 1 | "Paris Hilton/Avril Lavigne" | March 9, 2008 (2008-03-09) |
| Paris Hilton and a guru drove around Los Angeles, eating, shopping, and eventually going into a hotel. Avril Lavigne puts on a fake baby bump, and went shopping for baby clothes in Baby Kitson in Beverly Hills with her husband, Deryck Whibley and some other close family friends. | | | |
| 2 | "Eva Longoria/David Spade" | March 16, 2008 (2008-03-16) |
| Eva Longoria and Mario Lopez had a lunch date together in Café Med. David Spade helps a bachelorette party to get into a hip club, Club Villa, and then he leaves with the bride-to-be on the eve of her wedding. | | | |
| 3 | "Audrina Patridge/Lisa Rinna" | April 6, 2008 (2008-04-06) |
| Audrina Patridge (From the MTV Show The Hills) gets a tattoo with the words "pork fried rice" in Chinese. But while Audrina is getting the tattoo, another star shows up right next to the place she is getting the tattoo.Lisa Rinna has an affair with a younger man on a Malibu beach hotel. Then the next night the paparazzi tell her husband, Harry Hamlin about the affair. | | | |

## InfoBox

| *Pop Fiction* | |
| --- | --- |
| Opening title card | |
| Genre | Improv
Comedy |
| Starring | Peter Katona |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original language | English |
| No. of seasons | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 8
(5 unaired) |
| Production | |
| Executive producers | Ashton Kutcher
Jason Goldberg |
| Running time | 30 minutes |
| Production company | Katalyst Films |
| Original release | |
| Network | E! |
| Release | March 9 (2008-03-09)
April 6, 2008 (2008-04-06) |


title: Pop Eyed

abstract: Pop Eyed is a New Zealand compilation album released in 1996 by Flying Nun Records containing only artists signed to the label at the time.

text:
# Pop Eyed

***Pop Eyed*** is a New Zealand compilation album released in 1996 by Flying Nun Records containing only artists signed to the label at the time.

## Track listing

1. "Dust" - 3Ds
2. "Touch Me" - Superette
3. "Splat" - Bailter Space
4. "George" - Headless Chickens
5. "Save My Life" - Bike
6. "Too Much Violence" - The Clean
7. "Fingerpops" - Garageland
8. "Suck" - Loves Ugly Children
9. '*76 Comeback* \- King Loser
10. "Half Man/Half Mole" - Chris Knox
11. "Afternoon in Bed" - The Bats
12. "Come Home" - Martin Phillips and the Chills
13. "Beached" - David Kilgour
14. "Pet Hates" - Alec Bathgate
15. "Rocky Mountain" - Bressa Creeting Cake
16. "Strangleknot" - Chug
17. "Crystalator" - Dimmer
18. "Country Sow" - Solid Gold Hell
19. "Activation" - High Dependency Unit

## InfoBox

| Pop Eyed | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Various artists | |
| Released | 1996 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Label | Flying Nun Records |


title: Kibble balance

abstract:
A Kibble balance is an electromechanical measuring instrument that measures the weight of a test object very precisely by the electric current and voltage needed to produce a compensating force. It is a metrological instrument that can realize the definition of the kilogram unit of mass based on fundamental constants. It was originally known as a watt balance because the weight of the test mass is proportional to the product of current and voltage, which is measured in watts. In June 2016, two months after the death of its inventor, Bryan Kibble, metrologists of the Consultative Committee for Units of the International Committee for Weights and Measures agreed to rename the device in his honor. Prior to 2019, the definition of the kilogram was based on a physical object known as the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK).
After considering alternatives, in 2013 the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) agreed on accuracy criteria for replacing this definition with one based on the use of a Kibble balance. After these criteria had been achieved, the CGPM voted unanimously on November 16, 2018, to change the definition of the kilogram and several other units, effective May 20, 2019, to coincide with World Metrology Day. There is also a method called the joule balance. All methods that use the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant are sometimes called the Planck balance.

text:
# Kibble balance

A **Kibble balance** (also formerly known as a **watt balance**) is an electromechanical measuring instrument that measures the weight of a test object very precisely by the electric current and voltage needed to produce a compensating force. It is a metrological instrument that can realize the definition of the kilogram unit of mass based on fundamental constants.

It was originally known as a watt balance because the weight of the test mass is proportional to the product of current and voltage, which is measured in watts. In June 2016, two months after the death of its inventor, Bryan Kibble, metrologists of the Consultative Committee for Units of the International Committee for Weights and Measures agreed to rename the device in his honor.

Prior to 2019, the definition of the kilogram was based on a physical object known as the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK). After considering alternatives, in 2013 the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) agreed on accuracy criteria for replacing this definition with one based on the use of a Kibble balance. After these criteria had been achieved, the CGPM voted unanimously on November 16, 2018, to change the definition of the kilogram and several other units, effective May 20, 2019, to coincide with World Metrology Day. There is also a method called the joule balance. All methods that use the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant are sometimes called the Planck balance.

## Design

The Kibble balance is a more accurate version of the ampere balance, an early current measuring instrument in which the force between two current-carrying coils of wire is measured and then used to calculate the magnitude of the current. The Kibble balance operates in the opposite sense; the current in the coils set very precisely by the Planck constant, and the force between the coils is used to measure the weight of a test kilogram mass. Then the mass is calculated from the weight by accurately measuring the local Earth's gravity (the net acceleration combining gravitational and centrifugal effects) with a gravimeter. Thus the mass of the object is defined in terms of a current and a voltage allowing the device to "measure mass without recourse to the IPK (International Prototype Kilogram) or any physical object".

## Origin

The principle that is used in the Kibble balance was proposed by Bryan Kibble (1938-2016) of the UK National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in 1975 for measurement of the gyromagnetic ratio. In 1978 the Mark I watt balance was built at the NPL with Ian Robinson and Ray Smith. It operated until 1988.

The main weakness of the ampere balance method is that the result depends on the accuracy with which the dimensions of the coils are measured. The Kibble balance uses an extra calibration step to cancel the effect of the geometry of the coils, removing the main source of uncertainty. This extra step involves moving the force coil through a known magnetic flux at a known speed. This was possible by setting of the conventional values of the von Klitzing constant and Josephson constant, which are used throughout the world for voltage and resistance calibration. Using these principles, in 1990 Bryan Kibble and Ian Robinson invented the Kibble Mark II balance, which uses a circular coil and operates in vacuum conditions . Bryan Kibble worked with Ian Robinson and Janet Belliss to build this Mark Two version of the balance. This design allowed for measurements accurate enough for use in the redefinition of the SI unit of mass: the kilogram.

The Kibble balance originating from the National Physical Laboratory was transferred to the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) in 2009, where scientists from the two labs continued to refine the instrument. In 2014, NRC researchers published the most accurate measurement of the Planck constant at that time, with a relative uncertainty of 1.8×10−8. A final paper by NRC researchers was published in May 2017, presenting a measurement of the Planck constant with an uncertainty of only 9.1 parts per billion, the measurement with the least uncertainty to that date. Other Kibble balance experiments are conducted in the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the Swiss Federal Office of Metrology (METAS) in Berne, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) near Paris and Laboratoire national de métrologie et d’essais (LNE) in Trappes, France.

## Principle

A conducting wire of length $L$ that carries an electric current $I$ perpendicular to a magnetic field of strength $B$ experiences a Lorentz force equal to the product of these variables. In the Kibble balance, the current is varied so that this force counteracts the weight $w$ of a mass $m$ to be measured. This principle is derived from the ampere balance. $w$ is given by the mass $m$ multiplied by the local gravitational acceleration $g$. Thus,

$$w=mg=BLI.$$

The Kibble balance avoids the problems of measuring $B$ and $L$ in a second calibration step. The same wire (in practice, a coil) is moved through the same magnetic field at a known speed $v$. By Faraday's law of induction, a potential difference $U$ is generated across the ends of the wire, which equals $BLv$. Thus

$$U=BLv.$$

The unknown product $BL$ can be eliminated from the equations to give

$$UI=mgv$$

$$m=UI/gv.$$

With $U$, $I$, $g$, and $v$ accurately measured, this gives an accurate value for $m$. Both sides of the equation have the dimensions of power, measured in watts in the International System of Units; hence the original name "watt balance". The product $BL$, also called the geometric factor, is not trivially equal in both calibration steps. The geometric factor is only constant under certain stability conditions on the coil.

## Implementation

The Kibble balance is constructed so that the mass to be measured and the wire coil are suspended from one side of a balance scale, with a counterbalance mass on the other side. The system operates by alternating between two modes: "weighing" and "moving". The entire mechanical subsystem operates in a vacuum chamber to remove the effects of air buoyancy.

While "weighing", the system measures both $I$ and $v$. The system controls the current in the coil to pull the coil through a magnetic field at a constant velocity $v$. Coil position and velocity measurement circuitry uses an interferometer together with a precision clock input to determine the velocity and control the current needed to maintain it. The required current is measured, using an ammeter comprising a Josephson junction voltage standard and an integrating voltmeter.

While "moving", the system measures $U$. The system ceases to provide current to the coil. This allows the counterbalance to pull the coil (and mass) upward through the magnetic field, which causes a voltage difference across the coil. The velocity measurement circuitry measures the speed of movement of the coil. This voltage is measured, using the same voltage standard and integrating voltmeter.

A typical Kibble balance measures $U$, $I$, and $v$, but does not measure the local gravitational acceleration $g$, because $g$ does not vary rapidly with time. Instead, $g$ is measured in the same laboratory using a highly accurate and precise gravimeter. In addition, the balance depends on a highly accurate and precise frequency reference such as an atomic clock to compute voltage and current. Thus, the precision and accuracy of the mass measurement depends on the Kibble balance, the gravimeter, and the clock.

Like the early atomic clocks, the early Kibble balances were one-of-a-kind experimental devices and were large, expensive, and delicate. As of 2019, work is underway to produce standardized devices at prices that permit use in any metrology laboratory that requires high-precision measurement of mass.

As well as large Kibble balances, microfabricated or MEMS watt balances (now called Kibble balances) have been demonstrated since around 2003. These are fabricated on single silicon dies similar to those used in microelectronics and accelerometers, and are capable of measuring small forces in the nanonewton to micronewton range traceably to the SI-defined physical constants via electrical and optical measurements. Due to their small scale, MEMS Kibble balances typically use electrostatic rather than the inductive forces used in larger instruments. Lateral and torsional variants have also been demonstrated, with the main application (as of 2019) being in the calibration of the atomic force microscope. Accurate measurements by several teams will enable their results to be averaged and so reduce the experimental error.

## Measurements

Accurate measurements of electric current and potential difference are made in conventional electrical units (rather than SI units), which are based on fixed "conventional values" of the Josephson constant and the von Klitzing constant, $K\_{\text{J-90}}$ and $R\_{\text{K-90}}$ respectively. The current Kibble balance experiments are equivalent to measuring the value of the conventional watt in SI units. From the definition of the conventional watt, this is equivalent to measuring the value of the product $K\_{\text{J}^{2}R\_{\text{K}}}$ in SI units instead of its fixed value in conventional electrical units:

$$\frac {1}{K\_{\text{J}^{2}R\_{\text{K}={\frac {1}{K\_{\text{J-90}^{2}R\_{\text{K-90}{\frac {\\{mgv\\}\_{\text{W}{\\{UI\\}\_{90}.}}}}}}}}}}}$$

The importance of such measurements is that they are also a direct measurement of the Planck constant $h$:

$$h={\frac {4}{K\_{\text{J}^{2}R\_{\text{K}.}}}}$$

The principle of the electronic kilogram relies on the value of the Planck constant, which is as of 2019 an exact value. This is similar to the metre being defined by the speed of light. With the constant defined exactly, the Kibble balance is not an instrument to measure the Planck constant, but is instead an instrument to measure mass:

$$m={\frac {UI}{gv}.}$$

## Effect of gravity

Gravity and the nature of the Kibble balance, which oscillates test masses up and down against the local gravitational acceleration *g*, are exploited so that mechanical power is compared against electrical power, which is the square of voltage divided by electrical resistance. However, *g* varies significantly—by nearly 1%—depending on where on the Earth's surface the measurement is made (see *Earth's gravity*). There are also slight seasonal variations in *g* at a location due to changes in underground water tables, and larger semimonthly and diurnal changes due to tidal distortions in the Earth's shape caused by the Moon and the Sun. Although *g* is not a term in the *definition* of the kilogram, it is crucial in the process of measurement of the kilogram when relating energy to power in a kibble balance. Accordingly, *g* must be measured with at least as much precision and accuracy as are the other terms, so measurements of *g* must also be traceable to fundamental constants of nature. For the most precise work in mass metrology, *g* is measured using dropping-mass absolute gravimeters that contain an iodine-stabilised helium–neon laser interferometer. The fringe-signal, frequency-sweep output from the interferometer is measured with a rubidium atomic clock. Since this type of dropping-mass gravimeter derives its accuracy and stability from the constancy of the speed of light as well as the innate properties of helium, neon, and rubidium atoms, the 'gravity' term in the delineation of an all-electronic kilogram is also measured in terms of invariants of nature—and with very high precision. For instance, in the basement of the NIST's Gaithersburg facility in 2009, when measuring the gravity acting upon Pt10Ir test masses (which are denser, smaller, and have a slightly lower center of gravity inside the Kibble balance than stainless steel masses), the measured value was typically within 8 ppb of 9.80101644 m/s2.


abstract: The Reina Nacional de Belleza Miss República Dominicana 2007 pageant will be held on October 27, 2006. This year only 18 candidates are competing for the national crown. The chosen winner will represent the Dominican Republic at the Miss International 2007 and other small international pageant which was held in Tokyo.

text:
# Reina Nacional de Belleza Miss República Dominicana 2007

The **Reina Nacional de Belleza Miss República Dominicana 2007** pageant will be held on October 27, 2006. This year only 18 candidates are competing for the national crown. The chosen winner will represent the Dominican Republic at the Miss International 2007 and other small international pageant which was held in Tokyo.

## Results

| Final Results | Contestant |
| --- | --- |
| RNB Miss República Dominicana 2007 |  |
| 1st Runner-up |  |
| 2nd Runner-up |  |
| 3rd Runner-up |  |
| 4th Runner-up |  |
| Semi-finalists |  |

### Special awards

* Miss Photogenic (voted by press reporters) - Catherine Ramírez (La Vega)
* Miss Congeniality (voted by Miss Dominican Republic Universe contestants) - Alina Espinal (La Romana)
* Best Face - Aimeé Melo (Distrito Nacional)
* Best Provincial Costume - Mariela Rosario (Peravia)
* Best Hair - Daniela Peguero (San Cristóbal)
* Miss Elegancia - Fania Marte (Valverde)

## Delegates

| Represented | Contestant | Age | Height | Hometown |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Azua | Alicia Fernández de la Cruz | 23 | 169 cm
5 ft 7 in | Santo Domingo |
| Barahona | Lucía Magdalena Alvarado Suarez | 20 | 171 cm
5 ft 7 in | Santo Domingo |
| Com. Dom. EU | Sandra Elisabeth Tavares Ruíz | 19 | 180 cm
5 ft 11 in | Newark |
| Distrito Nacional | Aimeé Elaine Melo Hernández | 23 | 173 cm
5 ft 8 in | Santo Domingo |
| Duarte | Paola Saint-Hilaire Arias | 20 | 179 cm
5 ft 10 in | Santiago de los Caballeros |
| Espaillat | Angela María García Ruíz | 26 | 177 cm
5 ft 10 in | Moca |
| Independencia | Joany Marleny Sosa Peralta | 20 | 182 cm
6 ft 0 in | Jimaní |
| La Altagracia | Ana Carolina Viñas Machado | 22 | 184 cm
6 ft 0 in | Santiago de los Caballeros |
| La Romana | Alina Charlin Espinal Luna | 19 | 181 cm
5 ft 11 in | La Romana |
| La Vega | Catherine Mabel Ramírez Rosario | 21 | 183 cm
6 ft 0 in | Santiago de los Caballeros |
| Monte Cristi | Grace Stephany Mota Grisanty | 18 | 175 cm
5 ft 9 in | San Fernando de Monte Cristi |
| Peravia | Mariela Joselin Rosario Jiménez | 25 | 186 cm
6 ft 1 in | Santo Domingo |
| Puerto Plata | Sheila Massiel Castíllo Domínguez | 18 | 183 cm
6 ft 0 in | Altamira |
| Salcedo | Rossemely Cruz Logroño | 26 | 176 cm
5 ft 9 in | Salcedo |
| San Cristóbal | Daniela Teresa Peguero Brito | 24 | 174 cm
5 ft 9 in | Santo Domingo |
| Santiago | Karina Luisa Betances Cabrera | 21 | 180 cm
5 ft 11 in | Santiago de los Caballeros |
| Santo Domingo | Yisney Lina Lagrange Méndez | 19 | 182 cm
6 ft 0 in | Pedro Brand |
| Valverde | Fania Miguelina Marte Lozada | 22 | 173 cm
5 ft 8 in | Mao |

## Trivia

## InfoBox

| Reina Nacional de Belleza Miss República Dominicana 2007 | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | October 27, 2006 |
| Venue | Auditorio de Neptuno, Boca Chica, Dominican Republic |
| Broadcaster | Canal 11 |
| Entrants | 18 |
| Winner | Ana Carolina Viñas Machado
La Altagracia |


title: Kim Hagger

abstract: Kim Hagger is a retired English athlete who competed mainly in the heptathlon and the long jump. She represented Great Britain at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics.

text:
# Kim Hagger

**Kim Hagger** (born 2 December 1961) is a retired English athlete who competed mainly in the heptathlon and the long jump. She represented Great Britain at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics.

## Career

Hagger was born in Plaistow, Essex. She won the AAA Championships Under 15 long jump title in 1975 and 1976, and the Under 17 title in 1977 and 1978.

She competed at her first Olympic Games in Los Angeles 1984, finishing eighth in the heptathlon with 6127 points. In 1986, she reached her peak at both heptathlon and long jump. In May, she achieved a score of 6259 in Arles. As of 2014, this still ranks her sixth on the UK all-time heptathlon list. Later in 1986, she won the UK long jump title, before going on to win a bronze medal in the heptathlon for England at the Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, with a score of 5823. She also finished fourth in the long jump. Two weeks later at the European Championships in Stuttgart, she finished ninth in the heptathlon with 6173. That score included a lifetime best long jump performance of 6.70 m.

In 1987, Hagger finished ninth in the heptathlon at the World Championships in Rome, with a score of 6167. At her second Olympics in Seoul 1988, she finished 17th with 5975. She also finished 17th overall in the long jump qualifying round. In 1989, she won the AAAs national heptathlon title. She represented England, at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland, New Zealand. She won her final national title in 1991, when she won the AAAs Indoor long jump championship for the third time.

She was known for her complex theory on how to hold the javelin.

## National titles

* 1986 UK Long Jump champion
* 1989 AAAs Heptathlon champion
* 1988/90/91 AAAs Indoor Long Jump champion

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Great Britain and  England | | | | | |
| 1984 | Olympic Games | Los Angeles, United States | 8th | Heptathlon | 6127 pts |
| 1986 | Commonwealth Games | Edinburgh, Scotland | 4th | Long jump | 6.34 m |
| | | | 3rd | Heptathlon | 5823 |
| | European Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 9th | Heptathlon | 6173 |
| 1987 | World Championships | Rome, Italy | 9th | Heptathlon | 6167 |
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 17th (q) | Long jump | 6.34 m |
| | | | 17th | Heptathlon | 5975 |
| 1990 | Commonwealth Games | Auckland, New Zealand | 9th | Long jump | 6.27 m |
| | | |  | Heptathlon | DNF |
| | European Indoor Championships | Glasgow, Scotland | 11th | Long jump | 6.21 m |

**Note:** Results with a Q, indicate overall position in qualifying round.

## InfoBox

Kim Hagger
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1961-12-02) 2 December 1961<br>Plaistow, Essex, England |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Athletics |
| Club | Essex Ladies Athletic Club, East Ham |
| Medal record      Athletics  Representing  England  Commonwealth Games  1986 Edinburgh  heptathlon | |


title: Kintetsu 80000 series

abstract: Kintetsu 80000 series The Kintetsu 80000 series (近鉄80000系) is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by Kintetsu Railway for use on limited express/intercity services in Japan. The trains, branded Hinotori, entered service on March 14, 2020.

text:
# Kintetsu 80000 series

The **Kintetsu 80000 series** (近鉄80000系) is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by Kintetsu Railway for use on limited express/intercity services in Japan. The trains, branded **Hinotori**, entered service on March 14, 2020.

## Specifications

### Consist

The fleet consists of eight six-car sets and three eight-car sets.

The metallic black and red exterior was chosen to complement each of Japan's seasons, with a "sleek, futuristic design \[that\] suggests speed". The name *Hinotori* means phoenix or firebird.

### Technical specifications

The end cars are equipped with active suspension.

### Interior

The premium cars have 1+2 seating, and the regular cars have a 2+2 seating layout. Seat pitch for the premium cars is 1,300 mm (51 in), and 1,160 mm (46 in) for the regular cars. The trains also have a wheelchair space and smoking compartment.

### Design

Car interiors and exteriors were designed by GK Design Group of Tokyo. Given the service life of an average train in the country from 30-50 years, the firm tried to avoid design trends and create something that would still be stylish over this extended period with "dignity and elegance". The slanted nose is to suggest that the train is pushing forward, with the underside slanting back to emphasize this. Car interiors were designed with a sense of "upgraded relaxation" and excitement, as one would feel going to a resort. The deep metallic red car exteriors were the result of much discussion with the paint manufacturer.

## History

A total of 72 cars are to be introduced in fiscal 2020. Delivery by road began in October 2019.

Three six-car sets entered service on March 14, 2020.

The train type was awarded the Blue Ribbon Award by the Japan Railfan Club on May 26, 2021, representing the best new train in Japan from the previous year. 3508 votes were cast, with the train receiving 1056 votes from the Club's members to win the award.

## InfoBox

| Kintetsu 80000 series<br>*Hinotori* | |
| --- | --- |
| An 80000 series train in September 2023 | |
| In service | 2020–present |
| Manufacturer | Kinki Sharyo |
| Replaced | 12200 series |
| Constructed | 2019–2021 |
| Entered service | 14 March 2020 |
| Number built | 72 vehicles (11 sets) |
| Formation | 6 & 8 cars per trainset |
| Fleet numbers | HV01  HV04, HV11  HV13, HV51  HV52 |
| Operators | Kintetsu Railway |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Steel |
| Car length | 20,000 mm (65 ft 7 in) |
| Traction system | 2-level PWM variable-frequency (using IGBT/SiC hybrid module) |
| Electric system(s) | 1,500 V DC, overhead line |
| Current collector(s) | Pantograph |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) |
| Notes/references | |
| **This train won the 64th Blue Ribbon Award in 2021.** | |


title: Reinhard Brandl

abstract: Dr. Reinhard Brandl is a German politician of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU) who has been serving as a member of the German Bundestag since 2009, representing Ingolstadt.

text:
# Reinhard Brandl

Dr. **Reinhard Brandl** (born 11 August 1977) is a German politician of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU) who has been serving as a member of the German Bundestag since 2009, representing Ingolstadt.

## Early life and education

Following his military service with the German Air Force in Manching, Brandl earned a degrees in industrial engineering from the University of Karlsruhe and the Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble between 1997 and 2003. For his diploma theses he stayed six months at the Xerox Research Centre Europe in Meylan. He subsequently took part in the doctoral program of the BMW Group and received his doctorate from Technical University of Munich. In 2009, he briefly worked as a consultant with Boston Consulting Group.

## Political career

Brand was elected to the Bundestag in the 2009 national elections, succeeding Horst Seehofer.

In parliament, Brandl has been a member of the Defense Committee (since 2009) and the Committee on Digitization (since 2021). From 2013 until 2021, he was part of the Budget Committee, where he served as his parliamentary group's rapporteur on the budgets of the Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Federal Ministry of Defence (2018-2021). He was also a member of the so-called Confidential Committee (*Vertrauensgremium*) of the Budget Committee, which provides budgetary supervision for Germany’s three intelligence services, BND, BfV and MAD.

In addition to his committee assignments, Brandl has been a member of the German delegation to the Franco-German Parliamentary Assembly since 2019.

In the negotiations to form a *Grand Coalition* of Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU together with the Bavarian CSU) and the SPD following the 2013 German elections, he was part of the CDU/CSU delegation in the working group on digital policy, led by Dorothee Bär and Brigitte Zypries. In similar negotiations after the 2017 federal elections, he was part of the same working group, this time led by Bär, Helge Braun and Lars Klingbeil.

## Political positions

Throughout his time on the Budget Committee, Brandl has been a proponent of the Merkel government’s policy to refrain from any net new borrowing and instead focus all efforts on achieving a structurally balanced national budget.

Brandl has in the past voted in favor of German participation in United Nations peacekeeping missions as well as in United Nations-mandated European Union peacekeeping missions on the African continent, such as in Somalia – both Operation Atalanta and EUTM Somalia – (2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017), Darfur/Sudan (2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017), South Sudan (2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017), Mali (2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017), the Central African Republic (2014) and Liberia (2015).

In June 2017, Brandl voted against Germany’s introduction of same-sex marriage.

## Other activities

* Foundation for Data Protection, Member of the Advisory Board (since 2022)
* Federal Network Agency for Electricity, Gas, Telecommunications, Post and Railway (BNetzA), Alternate Member of the Advisory Board (since 2022)
* Nuclear Waste Disposal Fund, Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2017)
* Bundesverband eMobilität (BEM), Member of the Parliamentary Advisory Board
* Gesellschaft für Sicherheitspolitik (GSP), Vice President
* German Federal Film Board (FFA), Alternate Member of the Supervisory Board (since 2018)
* Federal Agency for Civic Education, Member of the Board of Trustees (2009–2013)

* Profile at the Bundestag website (German)

## InfoBox

| Reinhard Brandl | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the Bundestag
for Ingolstadt | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
27 October 2009 | |
| Preceded by | Horst Seehofer (2008) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1977-08-11) 11 August 1977
Ingolstadt, Bavaria |
| Nationality | German |
| Political party | ***German:***
Christian Social Union
***EU:***
European People's Party |
| Alma mater | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,
Grenoble Institute of Technology,
Technische Universität München |
|  | |


title: Reinhard Brandt

abstract: Reinhard Brandt is a German philosopher. Brandt studied Greek, Latin and philosophy in Marburg, Munich and Paris. In 1965 he completed his doctorate on the Aristotelian theory of judgement. His habilitation was on an unpublished work of David Hume's theoretical philosophy. From 1972, Brandt was a professor of history of philosophy at the University of Marburg. He retired in 2003. He also taught at several other universities. His research focus is the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. He has recently published several articles on Kant in Italian.

text:
# Reinhard Brandt

**Reinhard Brandt** (born 10 April 1937 in Klein Gladebrügge) is a German philosopher.

Brandt studied Greek, Latin and philosophy in Marburg, Munich and Paris. In 1965 he completed his doctorate on the Aristotelian theory of judgement. His habilitation was on an unpublished work of David Hume's theoretical philosophy.

From 1972, Brandt was a professor of history of philosophy at the University of Marburg. He retired in 2003. He also taught at several other universities.

His research focus is the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. He has recently published several articles on Kant in Italian.


title: Relational-cultural therapy

abstract: Relational-cultural theory, and by extension, relational-cultural therapy (RCT) stems from the work of Jean Baker Miller, M.D. Often, relational-cultural theory is aligned with the feminist and or multicultural movements in psychology. In fact, RCT embraces many social justice aspects from these movements. RCT was developed in Wellesley, Massachusetts in the 1970s through the work of psychiatrist, Jean Baker Miller, psychologists, Judith V. Jordan, Janet Surrey, and Irene Stiver at the Stone Center at Wellesley College in reaction to psychodynamic theory. The Stone Center at Wellesley College and the Jean Baker Miller Training Institute are the hubs of RCT research and training and are perhaps best known for their Working Papers series, collective works that are continuously considered for review and reconsideration. As RCT was founded in strong feminist principles, and was started at Wellesley College, the movement's traditional focus was on women and their relational experiences. Many mental health professionals employ RCT in their practice. A nonexhaustive list of these include: counselors, social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists. Some current major relational-cultural theorists, writers, and practitioners include: Judith V. Jordan, Ph D, Amy Banks, MD, Maureen Walker, Ph D, Linda Hartling, Ph D, Sarah Sydelle Price, PCC, Rosjke Hasseldine and Thelma Duffey, Ph D The consistent, primary focus of RCT is the primacy of relationships. That is, relationships are both the indicators for, and the healing mechanism in psychotherapy toward, mental health and wellness. One of the core tenets of RCT is the Central Relational Paradox (CRP). The CRP assumes that we all have a natural drive toward relationships, and in these relationships we long for acceptance. However, we come to believe that there are things about us that are unacceptable or unlovable. Thus, we choose to hide these things; we keep them out of our relationships. In the end, the connections we make with others are not as fulfilling and validating as they otherwise might have been. A primary goal of RCT is to create and maintain Mutually-Growth-Fostering Relationships, relationships in which both parties feel that they matter. In these healthy relationships, all of the involved parties experience what is known as the Five Good Things. These include: 1) a desire to move into more relationships, because of how a good relational experience feels; 2) a sense of zest, or energy; 3) increased knowledge of oneself and the other person in the relationship; 4) a desire to take action both in the growth-fostering relationship and outside of it; 5) an overall increased sense of worth. RCT involves working with clients to identify, and strive in, relationships that present opportunities for them to experience Mutually-Growth-Fostering Relationships. In fact, a strong, connected therapeutic relationship should be a model for these kinds of relationships. While there a number of specific challenges presented in the therapeutic relationship, RCT practitioners believe that their relationships with their clients can have a reasonably high degree of mutuality. Clinical experiences of mutuality include: the client's movement toward the awareness that they matter to the therapist, the therapist that they, too, matter to the client, an integrative awareness both have of what it means to feel like one matters, and the worth involved in offering this to another person through the process of connection.

text:
# Relational-cultural therapy

**Relational-cultural theory**, and by extension, **relational-cultural therapy** (**RCT**) stems from the work of Jean Baker Miller, M.D. Often, relational-cultural theory is aligned with the feminist and or multicultural movements in psychology. In fact, RCT embraces many social justice aspects from these movements.

RCT was developed in Wellesley, Massachusetts in the 1970s through the work of psychiatrist, Jean Baker Miller (Toward a New Psychology of Women), psychologists, Judith V. Jordan, Janet Surrey, and Irene Stiver at the Stone Center at Wellesley College in reaction to psychodynamic theory. The Stone Center at Wellesley College and the Jean Baker Miller Training Institute are the hubs of RCT research and training and are perhaps best known for their *Working Papers* series, collective works that are continuously considered for review and reconsideration. As RCT was founded in strong feminist principles, and was started at Wellesley College, the movement's traditional focus was on women and their relational experiences.

Many mental health professionals employ RCT in their practice. A nonexhaustive list of these include: counselors, social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists. Some current major relational-cultural theorists, writers, and practitioners include: Judith V. Jordan, Ph D, Amy Banks, MD, Maureen Walker, Ph D, Linda Hartling, Ph D, Sarah Sydelle Price, PCC, Rosjke Hasseldine and Thelma Duffey, Ph D The consistent, primary focus of RCT is the primacy of relationships. That is, relationships are both the indicators for, and the healing mechanism in psychotherapy toward, mental health and wellness.

One of the core tenets of RCT is the Central Relational Paradox (CRP). The CRP assumes that we all have a natural drive toward relationships, and in these relationships we long for acceptance. However, we come to believe that there are things about us that are unacceptable or unlovable. Thus, we choose to hide these things; we keep them out of our relationships. In the end, the connections we make with others are not as fulfilling and validating as they otherwise might have been.

A primary goal of RCT is to create and maintain Mutually-Growth-Fostering Relationships, relationships in which both parties feel that they matter. In these healthy relationships, all of the involved parties experience what is known as the Five Good Things. These include: 1) a desire to move into more relationships, because of how a good relational experience feels; 2) a sense of zest, or energy; 3) increased knowledge of oneself and the other person in the relationship; 4) a desire to take action both in the growth-fostering relationship and outside of it; 5) an overall increased sense of worth.

RCT involves working with clients to identify, and strive in, relationships that present opportunities for them to experience Mutually-Growth-Fostering Relationships. In fact, a strong, connected therapeutic relationship should be a model for these kinds of relationships. While there a number of specific challenges presented in the therapeutic relationship, RCT practitioners believe that their relationships with their clients can have a reasonably high degree of mutuality. Clinical experiences of mutuality include: the client's movement toward the awareness that they matter to the therapist, the therapist that they, too, matter to the client, an integrative awareness both have of what it means to feel like one matters, and the worth involved in offering this to another person through the process of connection.


title: Relizane Airport

abstract: Relizane Airport is a civilian airport in Algeria, located 12.5 kilometres (7.8 mi) west-northwest of Zemmora (Relizane); about 235 kilometres (146 mi) west-southwest of Algiers. It is used by general aviation, with no scheduled commercial air service.

text:
# Relizane Airport

**Relizane Airport** (ICAO: **DAAZ**) is a civilian airport in Algeria, located 12.5 kilometres (7.8 mi) west-northwest of Zemmora (Relizane); about 235 kilometres (146 mi) west-southwest of Algiers. It is used by general aviation, with no scheduled commercial air service.

## World War II

During World War II, it was a major Twelfth Air Force base of operations during the North African Campaign against the German Afrika Korps, used by the 60th Troop Carrier Group, flying C-47 Skytrain aircraft from the field between 27 November 1942 and May 1943.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

* Maurer, Maurer. *Air Force Combat Units of World War II*. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1983. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.

## InfoBox

| Relizane Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Location | Algeria |
| Elevation AMSL | 282 ft / 86 m |
| Coordinates | 35°45′10″N 000°37′30″E / 35.75278°N 0.62500°E / 35.75278; 0.62500 |
| Map | |
| Relizane Airport | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  07/25 4,265 1,300 Asphalt | |
| Source:World Aero Data Google Maps | |


title: Resimopsis

abstract: Resimopsis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

text:
# Resimopsis

***Resimopsis*** is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

## InfoBox

| *Resimopsis*
Temporal range: Botomian | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Trilobita |
| Order: | Ptychopariida |
| Family: | Palaeolenidae |
| Genus: | *Resimopsis*
Repina, 1958 |
|


title: Resin-bound paving

abstract: Resin-bound paving is a mixture of aggregate stones and resin used to pave footpaths, driveways, etc. It is a kind of permeable paving solution. It is a flexible surfacing material, so is resistant to cracking.

text:
# Resin-bound paving

**Resin-bound paving** is a mixture of aggregate stones and resin used to pave footpaths, driveways, etc. It is a kind of permeable paving solution.

It is a flexible surfacing material, so is resistant to cracking.

## Overview

The system is mixed on site and cold applied, using a high-quality clear UV resistant resin binder to coat the aggregate particles prior to laying. Unlike resin-bonded surfacing, where a thin layer of resin is applied to the surface and then the aggregate scattered on top (which can then become loose over time and is impermeable), resin and aggregates are thoroughly mixed together prior to laying, ensuring that the aggregate is completely coated and so providing a totally bound surface. As a result, a resin-bound surface is more durable and requires less maintenance – it needs to be swept or power washed at least twice a year, to avoid the build-up of detritus and prevent the growth of moss or algae.

Resin-bound surfacing conforms to the guidance notes set out by the Resin Flooring Association (FeRFA).

The quality of the resin-bound surfacing is dependent on a variety of factors.

The UV 2 part polyurethane resin should always be sourced from a manufacturer who can demonstrate that they have BS EN UKAS ISO9001 quality management standards (available information on the FeRFA website). All companies conforming to this will be able to provide documentation on request. The resin-bound aggregate mix will generally be a mix of natural aggregates that must be kiln dried to prevent moisture coming in contact with polyurethanes and causing discolouration and poor performance.

The UV resin sourced should be a two-part, quality-controlled polyurethane or similar with the activator added during the manufacturing process to eradicate mistakes on site made by operatives who are not qualified chemists. Too much activator or too little can affect the performance of the product. The activator has a high risk to health and safety and serious consideration must be given when handling it.

The ratio of resin to aggregate should be at the optimal amount (7% resin to aggregate) depending on the application and environment type, and stone type which should be kiln dried mixed aggregate incorporating 2-5 mm sizes to ensure that the aggregate gets sufficiently coated and also to meet the standard requirements when tested to BS 8204-6:2008+A1:2010 Appendix B for slip resistance. This ratio is sufficient to install at a minimum depth of 15 mm at a coverage rate of approximately 4.0 m2 and is suitable for pedestrian traffic. For vehicular traffic of up to 7.5 tonnes a minimum of 18 mm is required at a coverage rate of approximately 3.3 m2.

The usage of higher-quality UV polyurethane resins ensures greater flexural performance for external applications and the resin will not yellow (non UV aromatic) in appearance when exposed to UV light, the presence also provides greater protection from UV degradation. Non light-stable polyurethanes, although marketed as strong in performance, they will rapidly dis-colour and degrade and are only suited to internal applications where they are not in direct sunlight. Internal resin-bound applications are generally known as stone carpet.

## Applications

In pavements natural aggregate mix blends tested to BS 8204-6:2008+A1:2010 Appendix B for slip resistance will, when installed correctly, provide a slip-resistant, permeable, decorative finish suitable for pedestrian and light vehicular traffic.

Natural aggregate and recycled rubber blends are available from UKAS ISO9001 manufacturers and are suitable for pathways and nature walks where environmental benefits are required from the specifier. The resins available should be UV resistant polyurethanes.

UV resin-bound paving is a fully permeable paving solution which allows water to freely drain through the surface. Meeting the requirements of Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) standards, this helps to prevent standing water and largely eliminates surface water runoff. This may also mitigate the need for planning permission when installing a resin driveway, depending on jurisdiction, as they are permeable.

Resin-bound systems incorporating 6-10mm dried aggregates and larger sizes are generally used as tree surrounds known as tree pits. These are a cost-effective and practical alternative to metal tree grilles that are stolen for scrap value, are costly to purchase and harbour litter thus increasing maintenance costs for local authorities and tax payers. Tree pit systems work in a similar way to UV resin-bound surfacing systems only using larger aggregates to allow more water to permeate through to feed the trees they surround.

Tree Pit systems are generally installed at a depth of 40 to 50 mm, depending on the specification; they have a reduced ratio of 6% UV light stable polyurethane resin to 100 kg kiln dried aggregate.

## Disadvantages

Resin bound gravel is particularly sensitive to moisture during the curing process and the presence of water in the mix can cause a reaction in which the polyurethane binder becomes white and bubbles start to form. This issue is quite common but is often due to poor installation practices. Moisture should be completely eliminated from any aggregate used in the mix and the use of kiln-dried sand and gravels is vital to the success and integrity of the surface.

Decorative coloured recycled crushed glass and pigmented quartzes are suitable generally for visual purposes only, as they are susceptible to damage due to having low crush values, and so will become damaged if walked on.


title: Kingini Kombu

abstract: Kingini Kombu is a 1983 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Jayan Adiyattu. The film stars Jagathy Sreekumar, Nedumudi Venu, Jalaja and Sreenath in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Raveendran.

text:
# Kingini Kombu

***Kingini Kombu*** is a 1983 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Jayan Adiyattu. The film stars Jagathy Sreekumar, Nedumudi Venu, Jalaja and Sreenath in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Raveendran.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Raveendran and the lyrics were written by Mullanezhi.

| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics | Length (m:ss) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Oru Mala Iru Mala" | K. J. Yesudas | Mullanezhi |  |
| 2 | "Pon Kinaavinu" | S. Janaki, K. P. Brahmanandan | Mullanezhi |  |
| 3 | "Poonilaavin Alakalil" | S. Janaki | Mullanezhi |  |
| 4 | "Yamunatheeravihaari" | K. J. Yesudas | Mullanezhi |  |

## InfoBox

| Kingini Kombu | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Jayan Adiyattu |
| Written by | K. P. Jayan |
| Screenplay by | K. P. Jayan |
| Starring | Jagathy Sreekumar
Nedumudi Venu
Jalaja
Sreenath |
| Edited by | Sasikumar |
| Music by | Raveendran |
| Production
company | Poornima Films |
| Distributed by | Poornima Films |
| Release date | * 23 September 1983 (1983-09-23) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Malayalam |


title: King Tower Historic District

abstract: The King Tower Historic District, also known as The King Tower One-Stop, is a historic district located in Tama, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020. The King Tower One-Stop is a gas station, tourist court, and cafe built by Wes Mansfield on the Lincoln Highway. The Spanish Colonial Revival gas station and cafe was completed in 1937, and 18 tourist cabins were completed the following year. The historic district is an example of a "one stop-food, gas, auto repair and tourist cabins" that were built during "the transition from mom-and-pop roadside businesses to the national chain gas, food and lodging businesses that would soon dominate the trade." At one time it was open 24-hours-a-day, seven-days-a-week. In addition to over-the-road truckers, travelers, law enforcement officers, and local families, it was a place the town's bar patrons would go after the bars closed at 2:00 am. Local clubs and organizations held their meetings here. It was also a stopping point for presidential hopefuls before the Iowa caucuses. The cafe and gas station building and one of the tourist cabins are still in existence. The cafe is still in operation. Wall murals painted in the 1950s are still in place on the cafe's walls. A house that housed the business' manager is located to the north of the main building.

text:
# King Tower Historic District

The **King Tower Historic District**, also known as **The King Tower One-Stop**, is a historic district located in Tama, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020. The King Tower One-Stop is a gas station, tourist court, and cafe built by Wes Mansfield on the Lincoln Highway. The Spanish Colonial Revival gas station and cafe was completed in 1937, and 18 tourist cabins were completed the following year. The historic district is an example of a "one stop-food, gas, auto repair and tourist cabins" that were built during "the transition from mom-and-pop roadside businesses to the national chain gas, food and lodging businesses that would soon dominate the trade." At one time it was open 24-hours-a-day, seven-days-a-week. In addition to over-the-road truckers, travelers, law enforcement officers, and local families, it was a place the town's bar patrons would go after the bars closed at 2:00 am. Local clubs and organizations held their meetings here. It was also a stopping point for presidential hopefuls before the Iowa caucuses.

The cafe and gas station building and one of the tourist cabins are still in existence. The cafe is still in operation. Wall murals painted in the 1950s are still in place on the cafe's walls. A house that housed the business' manager is located to the north of the main building.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| King Tower Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 1701 E. 5th St. / Business 30<br>Tama, Iowa |
| Coordinates | 41°57′51″N 92°33′26″W / 41.96417°N 92.55722°W / 41.96417; -92.55722 |
| Built | 1937, 1938 |
| Architectural style | Spanish Colonial Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 100004998 |
| Added to NRHP | March 3, 2020 |


title: King Tornado

abstract: The King Tornado are the athletic teams that represent King University, located in Bristol, Tennessee, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the NCAA Division II ranks, primarily competing in the Conference Carolinas (CC) since the 2011–12 academic year. They were also a member of the National Christian College Athletic Association (NCCAA), primarily competing as an independent in the Mid-East Region of the Division I level. The Tornado previously competed as an NCAA D-II Independent from 2009–10 to 2010–11; and in the Appalachian Athletic Conference (AAC) of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) from 2001–02 to 2008–09.

text:
# King Tornado

The **King Tornado** are the athletic teams that represent King University, located in Bristol, Tennessee, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the NCAA Division II ranks, primarily competing in the Conference Carolinas (CC) since the 2011–12 academic year. They were also a member of the National Christian College Athletic Association (NCCAA), primarily competing as an independent in the Mid-East Region of the Division I level. The Tornado previously competed as an NCAA D-II Independent from 2009–10 to 2010–11; and in the Appalachian Athletic Conference (AAC) of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) from 2001–02 to 2008–09.

## Conference affiliations

**NAIA**

**NCAA**

## Varsity teams

King competes in 25 intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field, volleyball and wrestling; while women's sports include acrobatics & tumbling, basketball, cross country, golf, softball, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field, triathlon, volleyball and wrestling; and co-ed sports include bass fishing, cheerleading, cycling, dance and eSports.

## Nickname

The university nickname, the Tornado, was adopted in 1922 following a 206–0 football win over North Carolina rival Lenoir College (now Lenoir–Rhyne University). The headline in a local newspaper covering the event said "King College's Victory Was 'Tornado' Of Week's Games" and began referring to the football team as the "Tornado". This is a record score which stands in the annals of collegiate football as one of the highest ever won in a game of football.

## Mascot

Twister, a lion, was unveiled as the university's new mascot on September 2, 2011. Twister is a fearless lion that represents the determination and courage reflected in King's adventure as an NCAA Division II institution. Equipped with his King colors of navy blue and scarlet red, Twister dons the number 11 on his back while rallying those in Tornado Athletics and the King University.

## InfoBox

| King Tornado | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| University | King University |
| Conference | Conference Carolinas (primary) |
| NCAA | Division II |
| Athletic director | David Hicks |
| Location | Bristol, Tennessee |
| Varsity teams | 27 (10 men's, 12 women's, 5 co-ed) |
| Basketball arena | Student Center Complex |
| Baseball stadium | King Baseball Field |
| Softball stadium | King Softball Field |
| Soccer stadium | Parks Field |
| Tennis venue | King Tennis Courts |
| Mascot | Twister the Lion |
| Nickname | The Tornado |
| Colors | Scarlet and navy<br> |
| Website | www.kingtornado.com |


title: Remy Shand

abstract: Remy Shand is a Canadian R&B/soul singer, who released his only album, The Way I Feel, on Motown Records in 2002.

text:
# Remy Shand

**Remy Shand** (born 1978) is a Canadian R&B/soul singer, who released his only album, *The Way I Feel*, on Motown Records in 2002.

## Early life

Shand was born to parents Doug and Lana Shand.

## Career

Shand became a fan of artists such as Stevie Wonder, The Isley Brothers, Marvin Gaye, Steely Dan and Earth, Wind & Fire. During 1998 he began to write and record songs independently. Three years later, he was signed to Motown Records, and these songs became the basis for his first and only album, *The Way I Feel* which was released on March 12, 2002. The album and won a Juno Award for Best R&B/Soul Recording in the 2003 Juno Awards. In 2002, Shand also released the hit singles "Rocksteady" and "Take A Message".

Shand now leads a quiet life out of the public eye and has transitioned into electrical engineering, stating: "*Motown was one of the few studios that built their own gear. I think that inspired me to become more than just an entertainer. Modern music has always been dictated by technological advancements intertwined with cultural movements. Song and dance have been around for ages and I would like to encourage more artists to evolve beyond that cycle, separate themselves from the pageantry, and get heavy with the recording arts and sciences. It’s time to step into the future and innovate.*"

## Accolades

Shand also received four Grammy nominations for his work.

## Discography

### Studio albums

| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | | | Certifications
(sales thresholds) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | CAN
 | U.S.
 | U.S.
R&B
 | |
| *The Way I Feel* |  | 1 | 39 | 15 |  |

### EPs

| Title | Details |
| --- | --- |
| *Archives, Vol. 1* |  |
| *Archives, Vol. 2: The California Instrumentals* |  |

### Singles

* "Take a Message" (2001), Universal
* "The Way I Feel" (2001), Universal
* "Rocksteady" (2001), Universal
* "Lust" (2013), Remy Records
* "Song for Mark Gonzales" (2013), Remy Records
* "Where Are We Going" (2013), Remy Records
* "Springtime (Live)" (2013), Remy Records
* "Worms (Instrumental)" (2013), Remy Records
* "Mainline" (2013), Remy Records
* "The Best In Me" (2014), Remy Records
* "Son Of Night" (2014), Remy Records
* "Politicians" (2014), Remy Records
* "The Price I Pay" (2015), Remy Records
* "Electronic Flesh" (2015), Remy Records
* "Lament of Nine" (2015), Remy Records
* "Man of Time" (2015), Remy Records
* "Washington Square" (2015), Remy Records
* "Serafin" (2015), Remy Records
* "Peer Pressure" (2015), Remy Records
* "Event Horizon" (2015), Remy Records
* "My Hollywood" (2016), Remy Records

## Awards and nominations

**Juno Awards**

| Year | Nominated work | Award | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | *The Way I Feel* | R&B/Soul Recording of the Year | Won |

**Grammy Awards**

| Year | Nominated work | Award | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | *The Way I Feel* | Best R&B Album | Nominated |
| 2003 | "Take a Message" | Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male | Nominated |
| 2003 | "Take a Message" | Best R&B Song | Nominated |
| 2003 | "Rocksteady" | Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance | Nominated |

### General

## InfoBox

| Remy Shand | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1978
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada |
| Genres | R&B, soul, neo soul, blue-eyed soul |
| Occupation(s) | Singer-songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist |
| Years active | * 2001–2002 * 2013–2016 |
| Labels | Remy Records, Motown, Universal Music |


title: Remy Sylado

abstract: Yapi Panda Abdiel Tambayong, best known by his pen-name Remy Sylado, was an Indonesian author, actor, and musician. Owing to his wide interests, in a 1999 article The Jakarta Post termed him "a walking encyclopedia of arts and humanities".

text:
# Remy Sylado

**Yapi Panda Abdiel Tambayong** (12 July 1945 – 12 December 2022), best known by his pen-name **Remy Sylado**, was an Indonesian author, actor, and musician. Owing to his wide interests, in a 1999 article *The Jakarta Post* termed him "a walking encyclopedia of arts and humanities".

## Name

Born Yapi Panda Abdiel Tambayong, Sylado was known by a variety of pseudonyms. His most common one, Remy Sylado, was taken from the opening notes of the Beatles song "And I Love Her", which are rendered as "Re Mi Si La Do" in solfège, or in numbers as 23761; that number, according to Sylado, also represented the date of his first kiss: 23 July 1961. Sylado also published work under the pennames Dova Zila, Alif Danya Munsyi, and Juliana C. Panda.

## Biography

Sylado was born in Makassar, South Sulawesi, on 12 July 1945. His father, Johannes Tambayong, was an evangelist, though he also composed music. He moved to Semarang, Central Java, at a young age, studying in elementary school there. From a young age he showed an interest in theatre, writing his first stage dramas while still in junior high school. His early education was entirely in Catholic schools, though after secondary school he began to study in schools for the theatrical arts in Surakarta and Jakarta.

By the early 1960s Sylado had become a reporter with the Semarang-based daily *Tempo*, becoming that publication's editor-in-chief by 1965. In the 1970s he lived in Bandung, managing the magazine *Aktuil* whilst teaching at the Bandung Academy of Cinematography. He made his first foray into the film industry in 1973, handling the music for Frans Totok Ars' *Pelarian*; he wrote two further films, *Duo Kribo* (1977) and *Ombaknya Laut Mabuknya Cinta* (1978), by the end of the decade. In 1976 he married Maria Louise.

By the late 1970s Sylado was known for his poetry, which he termed *mbeling*: critical yet humorous, even cheeky. According to the literary critic Sapardi Djoko Damono, "Many poets have been inspired by the mbeling idea; it broke the conventions of poetry that existed then." In his spare time Sylado began writing novels, publishing his first—*Gali Lobang Gila Lobang*—in 1977. Sylado moved to Jakarta in the early 1980s and established his own theatrical troupe, with some of the actors taken from that of W. S. Rendra.

By the 1980s Sylado's musical work had been featured on 13 different albums, some songs with Sylado providing vocals, others with other musicians. His songs tended to gravitate towards folk music. Musician Harry Roesli studied under him. He began his film acting career in 1986, with Eduart P Sirait's *Tinggal Sesaat Lagi*. By 1992 he had acted in another five films, later acting in television serials.

In 1999 Sylado published the novel *Ca Bau Kan* (The Courtesan), which dealt with the trials and tribulations of Chinese Indonesians in pre-independence Indonesia. In 2001 Nia Dinata adapted the novel for her first feature film. Entitled *Ca-bau-kan*, the movie was critically panned, though Dinata was satisfied. Between 1999 and 2007 Sylado wrote an average of two novels yearly.

Sylado died on 12 December 2022, aged 77, after a lengthy hospitalisation at Tarakan General Hospital, Jakarta.

Sylado was well known for wearing exclusively white. He was known to research his novels in great detail, going to the Netherlands to research his 2003 novel *Paris van Java*. Despite this, and using typewriters instead of computers (writing drafts by hand), Sylado usually completes his work quickly, often in less than three months.

## Awards

Sylado received multiple awards and nominations for his writing, acting, and music, including the 2002 Khatulistiwa Award for his novel *Kerudung Merah Kirmizi* and three nominations for the Citra Award for Best Supporting Actor.

## Works cited

* Anwar, Joko E.H. (23 June 2002). "Nia Dinata: A vow to make 'mature' films". *The Jakarta Post*. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
* "Filmografi Remy Sylado" \[Filmography for Remy Sylado\]. *filmindonesia.or.id* (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
* "For Remy Sylado, 23761 are the Magic Notes". *The Jakarta Post*. 6 June 1999. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
* Junaidi, A. (27 March 2008). "Remy Sylado: Bringing social issues to the stage". *The Jakarta Post*. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
* Loka, Emanuel Dapa (25 July 2007). "Remy Sylado: Churning out works with typewriters". *The Jakarta Post*. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
* Medita, Aendra (12 July 2003). "Harry popularizes experimental music". *The Jakarta Post*. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
* "Penghargaan Remy Sylado" \[Awards for Remy Sylado\]. *filmindonesia.or.id* (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
* Permana, Rakhmad Hidayatulloh (12 December 2022). "Sastrawan Remy Sylado Meninggal Dunia" \[Literati Remy Sylado dies\]. *Detik* (in Indonesian). Retrieved 12 December 2022.
* "Remy Sylado" (in Indonesian). Taman Ismail Marzuki. Archived from the original on 25 August 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
* "Remy Sylado". *filmindonesia.or.id* (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
* "Remy wins Khatulistiwa Literary Award". *The Jakarta Post*. 27 October 2002. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2013.

## InfoBox

| Remy Sylado | |
| --- | --- |
| Sylado at the 2013 Borobudur Writers Festival | |
| Born | Yapi Panda Abdiel Tambayong
(1945-07-12)12 July 1945
Makassar, Japanese-occupied Dutch East Indies |
| Died | 12 December 2022(2022-12-12) (aged 77)
Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Occupation |  |
| Language | Indonesian |
| Nationality | Indonesian |
| Period | 1970s–2022 |


title: Rendufinho

abstract: Rendufinho is a Portuguese Freguesia in the municipality of Póvoa de Lanhoso, it has an area of 8.86 km² and 736 inhabitants (2011). And a population density of 83.1 people per km².

text:
# Rendufinho

**Rendufinho** is a Portuguese Freguesia in the municipality of Póvoa de Lanhoso, it has an area of 8.86 km² and 736 inhabitants (2011). And a population density of 83.1 people per km².

## Population

| Population of Rendufinho (1864 – 2011) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1864 | 1878 | 1890 | 1900 | 1911 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
| 683 | 646 | 586 | 635 | 617 | 658 | 673 | 710 | 790 | 893 | 825 | 723 | 779 | 748 | 736 |

## InfoBox

| Rendufinho | |
| --- | --- |
| Civil parish | |
|  | |
| Country | Portugal |
| Region | Norte |
| Intermunic. comm. | Ave |
| District | Braga |
| Municipality | Póvoa de Lanhoso |
| Area | |
| Total | 8.86 km2 (3.42 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 736 |
| Density | 83/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC±00:00 (WET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+01:00 (WEST) |


title: Rendu Rellu Aaru (TV series)

abstract: Rendu Rellu Aaru was an Indian Telugu romantic comedy soap opera directed by Vasu Inturi aired on Gemini TV from 12 November 2018 to 13 November 2020 every Monday to Saturday for 491 episodes. The serial starred Sadhana, Renuka Jaya Harika, Priyanka, Madhubabu, Krishna Reddy as main protagonists and Rajashri Nair, Vasu Inturi, Ragini, Ramjagan in pivotal roles.

text:
# Rendu Rellu Aaru (TV series)

***Rendu Rellu Aaru*** was an Indian Telugu romantic comedy soap opera directed by Vasu Inturi aired on Gemini TV from 12 November 2018 to 13 November 2020 every Monday to Saturday for 491 episodes. The serial starred Sadhana, Renuka Jaya Harika, Priyanka, Madhubabu, Krishna Reddy as main protagonists and Rajashri Nair, Vasu Inturi, Ragini, Ramjagan in pivotal roles.

## Plot

Rendu Rellu Aaru is an amusing story about two young married women, Chitra and Krishna who decide to swap bodies for a brief time, in order to resolve their problems.

## Cast

### Main cast

* Renuka as Chitra
* Sadhana /Priyanka as Krishnaveni (krishna), Chitra's best friend and journalist and Nandu
* Madhu babu as Arjun
* Krishna Reddy as Radhakrishna
* Jaya Harika as Gopika, Obul Reddy's raised daughter and Agricultural scientist
* Rajashri Nair as Bhanumathi (Arjun and Madhumathi's mother)
* ----- as Murali

### supporting cast

* Vasu Inturi as Obul Reddy (Gopika's foster father and Scientist)
* Ramjagan as Siddharth Varma (Siddhu), Radha's father
* Ragini as Madhu/Radha's mother
* Bhargavi as Jayanthi (Nandu's mother)
* Prudhvi as Yamadharma Raju
* Tagubothu Ramesh
* Gopal Krishna Akella as Chitragupta
* Shashank as Sankarabharanam, cook in siddhu's house
* Krishna Sri as Subhadra/Krishna's mother
* Sumana Sri as Janaki/Chitra's mother
* Sandeepthi as Madhumathi, Arjun's sister
* Surya Teja as Chandra Rao, Indumathi husband
* Prathyusha as Indumathi, Bhanumathi's sister
* Ajay as Muralidhar Rao aka Murali Mohan, Bhanumathi's husband
* Sriragh as Sriragh, Chitra's teacher
* Visweswar Rao as priest

### Former cast

* Bhanusri as Krishna (replaced by Sadhana)
* Anchor Chandu as Radha Krishna (replaced by Krishna Reddy)
* Shyam Kumar as Arjun (replaced by Madhu babu)
* Priyaawasty as Indumathi (replaced by Pratyusha)

## Airing history

The serial started airing on Gemini TV on 12 November 2018. It aired on Monday to Friday. The serial ended on 13 November 2020 after airing 491 episodes.

## InfoBox

| *Rendu Rellu Aaru* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre | Drama
Comedy
Romance
Family |
| Written by | Giridhar
Vasu Inturi
**Dialogues**
Kakumani Suresh |
| Screenplay by | Vasu Inturi
Srinath chandrasekhar |
| Directed by | Vasu Inturi |
| Starring | Sadhana
Renuka
Priyanka
Jaya Harika
Madhubabu
Krishna Reddy
Rajashri Nair |
| Country of origin | India |
| Original language | Telugu |
| No. of seasons | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 491 |
| Production | |
| Producer | Laxmi Inturi |
| Cinematography | Meera |
| Editor | Akhilesh Aareti |
| Camera setup | Multi camera |
| Running time | 20-22 minutes |
| Production company | Inturi Innovations |
| Original release | |
| Network | Gemini TV |
| Release | 12 November 2018 (2018-11-12)
13 November 2020 (2020-11-13) |


# Results of the 2022 South Australian local elections

This is a list of local government area results for the 2022 South Australian local elections.

## Adelaide

### Area Councillors

2022 South Australian local elections: Area Councillors
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Team Adelaide | Arman Abrahimzadeh **(elected)** | 1,851 | 22.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Anne Moran | 1,790 | 21.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Janet Giles **(elected)** | 1,686 | 20.1 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Domenico Gelonese | 649 | 7.7 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Glenn Bain | 639 | 7.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Frank Barbaro | 612 | 7.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Juliette Lockwood | 571 | 6.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Du Zhigang | 383 | 4.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Josephine Patterson | 217 | 2.6 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 8,398 | 97.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 190 | 2.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 8,588 |  |  |

### North

2022 South Australian local elections: North Ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Phil Martin **(elected)** | 878 | 36.0 |  |
|  | Team Adelaide | Mary Couros **(elected)** | 659 | 27.1 |  |
|  | Independent | Sandy Wilkinson | 410 | 16.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Valdis Dunis | 289 | 11.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Robert Farnan | 200 | 8.2 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 2,436 | 98.0 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 50 | 2.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 2,486 |  |  |

### Central

2022 South Australian local elections: Central Ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent Labor | Jing Li **(elected)** | 508 | 15.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Carmel Noon **(elected)** | 466 | 14.2 |  |
|  | Team Adelaide | Simon Hou **(elected)** | 355 | 10.8 |  |
|  | Team Adelaide | Alexander Hyde | 338 | 10.3 |  |
|  | Independent Labor | David Elliot **(elected)** | 337 | 10.2 |  |
|  | Independent | Mark Hamilton | 315 | 9.6 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Gagan Sharma | 238 | 7.2 |  |
|  | Team Adelaide | Franz Knoll | 176 | 5.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Ben Ayris | 135 | 4.1 |  |
|  | Independent | Fiona Hui | 119 | 3.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Alex Radda | 97 | 2.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Cassandra Papalia | 75 | 2.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Hugo Siu | 68 | 2.1 |  |
|  | Independent | Tammy Vo | 65 | 2.0 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 3,292 | 97.3 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 90 | 2.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 3,382 |  |  |

### South

2022 South Australian local elections: South Ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent Greens | Keiran Snape **(elected)** | 758 | 27.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Colette Slight | 277 | 10.0 |  |
|  | Independent Labor | Mark Siebentritt **(elected)** | 275 | 9.9 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Henry Davis **(elected)** | 263 | 9.5 |  |
|  | Independent | Theo Vlassis | 241 | 8.7 |  |
|  | Independent Greens | Sean Cullen-Macaskill | 199 | 7.2 |  |
|  | Independent | Ida Jonassen Llewellyn-Smith | 165 | 5.7 |  |
|  | Independent Labor | Kimberlee Brown | 146 | 5.3 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Helika Cruz | 139 | 5.0 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Tim Scott | 138 | 5.0 |  |
|  | Independent Greens | Sue McKay | 115 | 4.2 |  |
|  | Independent | Param Ramanan | 51 | 1.8 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 2,767 | 97.3 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 76 | 2.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 2,843 |  |  |

## Adelaide Hills

### Ranges

2022 South Australian local elections: Ranges Ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Nathan David Daniell **(elected)** | 841 | 16.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Mark Osterstock **(elected)** | 798 | 15.4 |  |
|  | Independent Labor | Leith Mudge **(elected)** | 644 | 12.5 |  |
|  | Independent | Kirrilee Boyd **(elected)** | 558 | 10.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Kirsty Parkin **(elected)** | 551 | 10.7 |  |
|  | Independent | Louise Pascale **(elected)** | 375 | 7.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Adrian Cheater **(elected)** | 284 | 5.5 |  |
|  | Independent | James Sadler | 283 | 5.5 |  |
|  | Independent | John Kemp | 252 | 4.9 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | David Freer | 218 | 4.2 |  |
|  | Independent Greens | Ashley Slade | 186 | 3.6 |  |
|  | Ind. Animal Justice | Philip Crawford | 177 | 3.4 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 5,167 | 97.45 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 135 | 2.55 |  |
| Turnout | | | 5302 |  |  |

### Valleys

2022 South Australian local elections: Valleys Ward
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Malcolm Arthur Herrmann **(elected)** | 1,415 | 36.2 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Lucy Huxter **(elected)** | 1,024 | 26.2 |  |
|  | Independent | Chris Grant **(elected)** | 697 | 17.8 |  |
|  | Independent Greens | Melanie Selwood **(elected)** | 555 | 14.2 |  |
|  | Ind. Animal Justice | Padma Chaplan | 114 | 2.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Pauline Elizabeth Gill **(elected)** | 107 | 2.7 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 3,912 | 98.19 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 72 | 1.81 |  |
| Turnout | | | 3,984 |  |  |

## Barunga West

2022 South Australian local elections: Barunga West
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Peter Button **(elected)** | 265 | 25.2 |  |
|  | Independent | Cynthia Axford **(elected)** | 247 | 23.5 |  |
|  | Independent | Leonie Kerley **(elected)** | 161 | 15.3 |  |
|  | Independent Labor | Kim Gregory **(elected)** | 122 | 11.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Kevin John Beinke **(elected)** | 67 | 6.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Grant Rowlands **(elected)** | 56 | 5.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Brian John Lockyer **(elected)** | 53 | 5.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Dave Eason **(elected)** | 35 | 3.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Margaret McDonald **(elected)** | 21 | 2.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Georgie Simmons | 17 | 1.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Rob Locke | 9 | 0.9 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 1,053 | 96.87 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 34 | 3.13 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,087 | 51.31 |  |

## Berri Barmera

2022 South Australian local elections: Berri Barmera
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Rhonda Centofanti **(elected)** | 1,006 | 32.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Bruce Richardson **(elected)** | 496 | 15.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Trevor Scott **(elected)** | 354 | 11.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Collis Marrett **(elected)** | 243 | 7.7 |  |
|  | Independent | Andrew Kassebaum **(elected)** | 224 | 7.1 |  |
|  | Independent | David Waterman **(elected)** | 220 | 7.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Adrian Little **(elected)** | 215 | 6.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Ian Schlein **(elected)** | 206 | 6.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Meta Sindos | 178 | 5.7 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 3,142 | 96.9 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 102 | 3.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 3,244 |  |  |

## Ceduna

2022 South Australian local elections: Ceduna
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Robert Sleep **(elected)** | 238 | 21.6 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Paul Brown **(elected)** | 160 | 14.5 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Anthony Nicholls **(elected)** | 117 | 10.6 |  |
|  | Independent | Michele Jacobsen **(elected)** | 114 | 10.3 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Geoff Ryan **(elected)** | 104 | 9.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Janet Evans **(elected)** | 104 | 9.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Joyce Brewster **(elected)** | 89 | 8.1 |  |
|  | Independent | Hayley Nicholls **(elected)** | 69 | 6.3 |  |
|  | Independent One Nation | Melanie Samsonenko | 52 | 4.7 |  |
|  | Independent | Terena Evans | 32 | 2.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Jane McGuinness | 24 | 2.2 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 1,103 | 96.5 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 40 | 3.5 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,143 |  |  |
| Party total votes | | | | | |
|  | Independent | | 670 | 60.7 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | | 381 | 34.5 |  |
|  | Independent One Nation | | 52 | 4.8 |  |

## Clare and Gilbert Valleys

2022 South Australian local elections: Clare and Gilbert Valleys
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | David Willson **(elected)** | 548 | 17.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Ann Alder **(elected)** | 449 | 13.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Ian Burfitt **(elected)** | 369 | 11.4 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Malcolm Bartholomaeus **(elected)** | 356 | 11.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Leon Bruhn **(elected)** | 336 | 10.4 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Tania Furler **(elected)** | 319 | 9.9 |  |
|  | Independent | Elizabeth Calvert **(elected)** | 260 | 8.0 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | Brian Koch **(elected)** | 236 | 7.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Jeannine Naughton **(elected)** | 197 | 6.1 |  |
|  | Independent | Owen Perry | 162 | 5.0 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 3,232 | 96.3 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 123 | 3.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 3,355 |  |  |
| Party total votes | | | | | |
|  | Independent | | 2,321 | 71.8 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | | 911 | 28.2 |  |

## Cleve

2022 South Australian local elections: Cleve
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Phil Cameron **(elected)** | 216 | 24.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Kelly Richardson **(elected)** | 206 | 23.7 |  |
|  | Independent | Jake Emans **(elected)** | 116 | 13.3 |  |
|  | Independent | Greg Claughton **(elected)** | 108 | 12.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Bryan Trigg **(elected)** | 56 | 6.4 |  |
|  | Independent | Grant Fennell **(elected)** | 52 | 6.0 |  |
|  | Independent | Robert Quinn **(elected)** | 45 | 5.2 |  |
|  | Independent | Julie Wetherell | 24 | 2.8 |  |
|  | Independent | Colin Rayson | 23 | 2.6 |  |
|  | Independent National | Grantley Siviour | 15 | 1.7 |  |
|  | Independent | Chris Tarran | 10 | 1.1 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 871 | 98.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 11 | 1.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 882 |  |  |


title: Joseph Maria Wolfram

abstract: Joseph Maria Wolfram was a German-Czech politician and amateur composer who wrote operas which were performed with success.

text:
# Joseph Maria Wolfram

**Joseph Maria Wolfram** (21 July 1789 – 30 September 1839) was a German-Czech politician and amateur composer who wrote operas which were performed with success.

## Biography

Wolfram was born on 21 July 1789 in Dobřany in Bohemia. He first studied philosophy at the Karls-Universität in Prague, but also harmony with Leopold Koželuch. He went to Vienna to study piano under Joseph Drechsler and taught music there from 1811. Quitting music as a profession in 1813, he became a government official at Theusing, and eventually worked his way up to the mayor of Teplice in 1824. He wrote several operas which became popular. Such was the popularity of his opera *Alfred* that when a replacement for Carl Maria von Weber in the position of kapellmeister was needed, Wolfram was among those contemplated. He died in Teplice.

## Works

Wolfram's best-known works are his operas. *Der Diamant* was first produced in Teplice around 1820. Two of his operas, *Herkules* and *Maja und Alpino, oder die bezauberte Rose,* were both produced in Dresden in 1826, while the latter was also produced in Prague that year. This same year saw the first production of *Alfred.* In 1828, again in Dresden, his opera *Die Normannen in Sicilien* was performed. The next year saw the production of *Prinz Lieschen.* *Der Bergmönch* followed in 1830, first produced in Dresden on March 14. *Das Schloss Candra* was first performed in 1832, also in Dresden. The final opera, *Wittekind*, was produced in 1838. In addition to his operas, he wrote a wedding mass, a Requiem, and a collection of Serbian songs. He also composed instrumental music, including string quartets and piano sonatas. A concerted effort to collect and catalog the operas of Wolfram was headed by Tomáš Spurný.

## InfoBox

| Joseph Maria Wolfram | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1789-07-21)21 July 1789
Dobřany, Bohemia |
| Died | 30 September 1839(1839-09-30) (aged 50)
Teplice, Bohemia |
| Occupation(s) | Politician and composer |


title: King-Remick

abstract: The King-Remick was a brass era automobile built in Detroit, Michigan, in 1910.

text:
# King-Remick

The **King-Remick** was a brass era automobile built in Detroit, Michigan, in 1910.

## History

The Autoparts Manufacturing Company built for King-Remick a two-seat roadster. It was powered by a (6.6 liter) six-cylinder engine, with shaft drive and a wheelbase of nearly 120-inch (3,000 mm). It was claimed this "gives perfect distribution of the load". Probably only the prototype was built.

## Sources

* Clymer, Floyd. *Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877-1925*. New York: Bonanza Books, 1950.
* G.N. Georgano *The Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars, 1885 to Present*. 1968.


title: Killsnake River

abstract: The Killsnake River is a 19.7-mile-long (31.7 km) river in eastern Wisconsin in the United States. It is a tributary of the South Branch of the Manitowoc River, which flows to Lake Michigan. The river flows for its entire course in central Calumet County. It rises about 3 miles (5 km) east of Lake Winnebago and flows generally east-southeastwardly; it joins the South Branch of the Manitowoc River about 6 miles (10 km) east of Chilton in the Killsnake Wildlife Area.

text:
# Killsnake River

The **Killsnake River** is a 19.7-mile-long (31.7 km) river in eastern Wisconsin in the United States. It is a tributary of the South Branch of the Manitowoc River, which flows to Lake Michigan.

The river flows for its entire course in central Calumet County. It rises about 3 miles (5 km) east of Lake Winnebago and flows generally east-southeastwardly; it joins the South Branch of the Manitowoc River about 6 miles (10 km) east of Chilton in the Killsnake Wildlife Area.

## Killsnake Wildlife Area

The 5,777 acres (23.38 km2) surrounding the confluence of the Killsnake River with the South Branch Manitowoc River has been designated a wildlife refuge by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. The area is located entirely in the town of Rantoul.

### Registered historic area

There are four archaeological sites ranging from a major Early Paleo-Indian campsite from 9000 BC to a Potawatomi village from the mid-19th century AD located in the wildlife area, and the site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Sources

* Killsnake Wildlife Area \- Wisconsin DNR
* DeLorme (1992). *Wisconsin Atlas & Gazetteer*. Freeport, Maine: DeLorme. ISBN 0-89933-247-1.
* U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Killsnake River


title: Polynomial functor

abstract: In algebra, a polynomial functor is an endofunctor on the category V of finite-dimensional vector spaces that depends polynomially on vector spaces. For example, the symmetric powers V ↦ Sym n  and the exterior powers V ↦ ∧ n are polynomial functors from V to V ; these two are also Schur functors. The notion appears in representation theory as well as category theory. In particular, the category of homogeneous polynomial functors of degree n is equivalent to the category of finite-dimensional representations of the symmetric group S n over a field of characteristic zero.

text:
# Polynomial functor

In algebra, a **polynomial functor** is an endofunctor on the category $\mathcal {V}$ of finite-dimensional vector spaces that depends polynomially on vector spaces. For example, the symmetric powers $V\mapsto \operatorname {Sym} ^{n}(V)$ and the exterior powers $V\mapsto \wedge ^{n}(V)$ are polynomial functors from $\mathcal {V}$ to $\mathcal {V}$; these two are also Schur functors.

The notion appears in representation theory as well as category theory (the calculus of functors). In particular, the category of homogeneous polynomial functors of degree *n* is equivalent to the category of finite-dimensional representations of the symmetric group $S\_{n}$ over a field of characteristic zero.

## Definition

Let *k* be a field of characteristic zero and $\mathcal {V}$ the category of finite-dimensional *k*-vector spaces and *k*-linear maps. Then an endofunctor $F\colon {\mathcal {V}\to {\mathcal {V}}}$ is a *polynomial functor* if the following equivalent conditions hold:

* For every pair of vector spaces *X*, *Y* in $\mathcal {V}$, the map $F\colon \operatorname {Hom} (X,Y)\to \operatorname {Hom} (F(X),F(Y))$ is a polynomial mapping (i.e., a vector-valued polynomial in linear forms).
* Given linear maps $f\_{i}:X\to Y,\\,1\leq i\leq r$ in $\mathcal {V}$, the function $(\lambda \_{1},\dots ,\lambda \_{r})\mapsto F(\lambda \_{1}f\_{1}+\cdots +\lambda \_{r}f\_{r})$ defined on $k^{r}$ is a polynomial function with coefficients in $\operatorname {Hom} (F(X),F(Y))$.

A polynomial functor is said to be *homogeneous of degree* n if for any linear maps $f\_{1},\dots ,f\_{r}$ in $\mathcal {V}$ with common domain and codomain, the vector-valued polynomial $F(\lambda \_{1}f\_{1}+\cdots +\lambda \_{r}f\_{r})$ is homogeneous of degree *n*.

## Variants

If “finite vector spaces” is replaced by “finite sets”, one gets the notion of combinatorial species (to be precise, those of polynomial nature).

* Macdonald, Ian G. (1995). *Symmetric functions and Hall polynomials*. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-853489-2. OCLC 30733523.MR1354144