title: USS Biscayne

abstract: USS Biscayne (AVP-11), later AGC-18, was a United States Navy Barnegat-class seaplane tender in commission as a seaplane tender from 1941 to 1943 and as an amphibious force flagship from 1943 to 1946. She saw service during World War II. Transferred to the United States Coast Guard after the war, she was in commission as the Coast Guard cutter USCGC Dexter (WAGC-385), later WAVP-385 and WHEC-385, from 1946 to 1952 and from 1958 to 1968.

text:
# USS Biscayne

**USS *Biscayne* (AVP-11)**, later **AGC-18**, was a United States Navy *Barnegat*-class seaplane tender in commission as a seaplane tender from 1941 to 1943 and as an amphibious force flagship from 1943 to 1946. She saw service during World War II. Transferred to the United States Coast Guard after the war, she was in commission as the Coast Guard cutter **USCGC *Dexter* (WAGC-385)**, later **WAVP-385** and **WHEC-385**, from 1946 to 1952 and from 1958 to 1968.

## Construction and commissioning

*Biscayne* was laid down on 27 October 1939 at Puget Sound Navy Yard in Bremerton, Washington. She was launched on 23 May 1941, sponsored by Mrs. A. M. Charleton, and commissioned on 3 July 1941.

## United States Navy service

### World War II

#### Seaplane tender operations

Following her shakedown cruise, *Biscayne* joined the Atlantic Fleet and operated out of Boston, Massachusetts, on patrol and plane guard missions from 7 December 1941 until 27 May 1942. For the next four months she served as a seaplane tender and communications ship in Newfoundland and Greenland waters.

*Biscayne* departed Norfolk, Virginia, on 17 October 1942 and, after a short stop at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, moved to Freetown, Sierra Leone, with Patrol Squadron 92 (VP-92), arriving on 2 November 1942.

*Biscayne* moved to Casablanca, French Morocco, on 18 November 1942 and remained there until 25 April 1943 supporting patrol squadrons.

#### Amphibious force flagship operations in the Mediterranean

*Biscayne* arrived at Mers-el-Kebir, Algeria, on 26 April 1943 and became the flagship of Rear Admiral Richard Lansing Conolly, Commander, Landing Craft and Bases, Northwest African Waters. While at Mers-el-Kebir she was fitted out as an amphibious force flagship by repair ship USS *Delta* (AR-9) between 2 and 31 May 1943, although she retained her seaplane tender classification and AVP-11 designation for the time being. In May 1943, *Biscayne* shifted her moorings to Bizerte, Tunisia.

Departing Bizerte on 10 July 1943, *Biscayne* served as flagship of the Joss (Licata) Force in Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily. She remained off Sicily until 22 July 1943 and then returned to Bizerte.

Beginning on 9 September 1943, *Biscayne* took part in Operation Avalanche, the Allied landings at Salerno, Italy, as flagship for Vice Admiral H. Kent Hewitt and Rear Admiral Conolly. On board the ship during the Anzio invasion was famed journalist Ernie Pyle. According to Lt. Earl V. Avery, Admiral Connolly was nicknamed "too close Connolly" by the crew. One time the admiral wanted to get a closer look at the beach at night and search lights lit them up "like a Christmas tree", according to Avery. Pyle wrote in his book that a young naval Lieutenant (Avery) remarked "Oh my God, my kids will be orphans." However, one by one the lights were turned off. They guessed they were Italian and didn't want to draw their fire. While off Salerno, she escaped unscathed from frequent air and gunfire attacks. On 12 September 1943, she sent a fire and rescue team on board the British ammunition ship *Lyminge* and saved that vessel and her cargo of ammunition from destruction. *Biscayne* also served as a temporary hospital ship while off Salerno. *Biscayne* retired to Bizerte on 11 October 1943.

On 7 November 1943, *Biscayne* became the flagship of Rear Admiral F. J. Lowry, Commander, 8th Amphibious Force. Sailing for Italy once again, she served as flagship during Operation Shingle, the Allied landings at Anzio, from 22 January 1944 to 2 February 1944.

*Biscayne* became the flagship of Rear Admiral B. J. Rodgers, Commander, Amphibious Group 2, 8th Amphibious Force, in May 1944. Between 15 August 1944 and 16 September 1944, she took part in Operation Dragoon, the Allied invasion of southern France.

On 10 October 1944, *Biscayne* was officially reclassified as a miscellaneous flagship and redesignated AGC-18.

#### Amphibious force flagship operations in the Pacific Theater

*Biscayne* left the Mediterranean on 12 October 1944 bound for Boston, and then steamed to the Pacific Ocean. She arrived at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on 9 January 1945 and became flagship of Captain Frederick Moosbrugger, Commander, Destroyer Squadron 63.

*Biscayne* took part in the invasion of Iwo Jima from 19 February 1945 to 4 March 1945 as flagship of the transport screen. she carried out similar duties during Operation Iceberg, the landings on Kerama Retto on 26 March 1945 and on Okinawa on 1 April 1945. She remained off Okinawa, supporting U.S. operations during and after the Okinawa campaign, until 1 July 1945, during which time she served as flagship for the occupation of Iheya and Aguni Islands between 3 June 1945 and 9 June 1945.

After her tour at Okinawa, *Biscayne* retired to Leyte in the Philippine Islands, and remained in the Philippines through the end of World War II, which concluded with the cessation of hostilities with Japan on 15 August 1945.

#### Honors and awards

*Biscayne* received six battle stars for her World War II service.

23 June 1950 From: Chief of Naval Personnel Addressed to all personnel/sailors Subject: Navy Unit Commendation Ribbon Bar The Secretary of the Navy has awarded the U.S.S. Biscayne the Navy Unit Commendation for meritorious service in action against enemy aircraft, shore batteries, surface forces and mines in both the European and Pacific Theaters of Operation.

### Post-World War II

*Biscayne* departed the Philippines on 8 September 1945 to support the occupation of Korea. She remained on occupation duty in Korean and Chinese waters until 30 October 1945, when she left for the United States.

*Biscayne* arrived at San Diego, California, on 21 December 1945 and at Portland, Maine, on 7 January 1946. She then moved to the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, for use as quarters for the academy's aviation instruction staff.

### Decommissioning

*Biscayne* was decommissioned on 29 June 1946.

## United States Coast Guard service

*Barnegat*-class ships were very reliable and seaworthy and had good habitability, and the United States Coast Guard viewed them as ideal for ocean station duty, in which they would perform weather reporting and search-and-rescue tasks, once they were modified by having a balloon shelter added aft and having oceanographic equipment, an oceanographic winch, and a hydrographic winch installed. After World War II, the Navy transferred 18 of the ships to the Coast Guard, in which they were known as the *Casco*-class cutters.

The Navy transferred *Biscayne* to the Coast Guard on either 10 July 1946, 19 July 1946, or 29 July 1946. at the Coast Guard Yard at Curtis Bay at Baltimore, Maryland. After she underwent conversion for service as a weather reporting ship, the Coast Guard commissioned her as **USCGC *Dexter* (WAGC-18)** – the fourth ship of the U.S. Coast Guard or its predecessor, the United States Revenue Cutter Service, to bear the name – on 20 September 1946.

### Atlantic service 1946–1952

*Dexter* was stationed at Boston, Massachusetts, which would remain her home port until December 1952, and was redesignated **WAVP-385** at some point during her time there. Her primary duty was to serve on ocean stations in the Atlantic Ocean to gather meteorological data. While on duty in one of these stations, she was required to patrol a 210-square-mile (544-square-kilometer) area for three weeks at a time, leaving the area only when physically relieved by another Coast Guard cutter or in the case of a dire emergency. While on station, she acted as an aircraft check point at the point of no return, a relay point for messages from ships and aircraft, as a source of the latest weather information for passing aircraft, as a floating oceanographic laboratory, and as a search-and-rescue ship for downed aircraft and vessels in distress, and engaged in law enforcement operations. She arrived at Boston to assume her duties on 17 October 1946.

On 30 November 1946, *Dexter* was at Naval Station Argentia, Newfoundland, Canada, underway to her first ocean station duty at Ocean Station Charlie. By 28 December 1946 she was back in Boston. For the next few months, she was on Ocean Station Charlie and Ocean Station Alfa, taking time out in October 1947 for underway training near Berkley Station at Norfolk, Virginia.

*Dexter* served on Ocean Station Able from 30 October 1947 to 10 December 1947. While on that duty, she responded to a request for assistance by the merchant ship SS *Louisburg*, which was flooding, on 4 November 1947. *Dexter* transferred a life raft and damage control timbers to *Louisburg* and escorted her safely to St. John's, Newfoundland. *Dexter* then returned to Ocean Station Able.

On 4 November 1948, while underway from Ocean Station Alfa, *Dexter* assisted the fishing vessel *Pan Pades Andros*, which was disabled about 30 nautical miles (56 km) southeast of Sable Island. Following this assistance case, *Dexter* was put into repair status until 12 February 1949, when repairs were completed and she was in port on standby.

On 14 February 1949, *Dexter* relieved the Coast Guard cutter USCGC *Winnebago* (WPG-40) from duty on Ocean Station Delta, and in turn was relieved by the Coast Guard cutter USCGC *Androscoggin* (WPG-68). On 27 April 1949 she relieved the Coast Guard cutter USCGC *Ingham* (WPG-35) on Ocean Station Echo and on 29 April 1949 was underway to Bermuda with an injured crew member. She resumed station on 3 May 1949. On 21 May 1949 she assisted the fishing vessel *Sea Hawk* and on 22 May 1949 turned *Sea Hawk* over to the Coast Guard cutter USCGC *Legare* (WSC-144) for further assistance. She then returned to Boston for repairs.

On 30 July 1949, *Dexter* assisted the U.S. Navy destroyer USS *Livermore* while at sea. On 9 September 1949, she was forced to proceed south of Sable Island to avoid the center of a hurricane. She proceeded on to Ocean Station Bravo and relieved Coast Guard cutter USCGC *Humboldt* (WAVP-372) on 12 September 1949. On 30 September 1949, she was relieved on Ocean Station Bravo by the Canadian Coast Guard ship CGS *St. Stephen*. In October 1949, she participated in gunnery exercises in the Newport, Rhode Island, area.

For the next few months, *Dexter* had her regular ocean station patrols with nothing unusual happening until 7 August 1950, when she went off Ocean Station Charlie temporarily to assist the merchant ship SS *Belfrey*, and proceeded to escort her toward St. John's, Newfoundland, until 11 August 1950, when she was relieved of the escort duty by Coast Guard cutter USCGC *Spencer* (WPG-36) and returned to Ocean Station Charlie. On 26 November 1950 she assisted U.S. Navy destroyer escort USS *Tweedy*, which was adrift off Cape Cod, Massachusetts.

On 2 January 1951 *Dexter* departed Boston en route Ocean Station Hotel. In April 1951 she was temporarily off Ocean Station Echo for two days, while investigating a reported depth charge in the area. On 11 June 1951 she temporarily departed Ocean Station Delta on a distress-response mission and reoccupied the station on 14 June 1951. During November 1951, she was forced to leave Ocean Station Alfa for a short while due to an urgent medical case.

On 19 February 1952, *Dexter* left Ocean Station Hotel to assist the merchant ship SS *Helen Stevenson*, which had cracked across the main deck port and starboard at the hatch. She escorted *Helen Stevenson* to a point less than 10 nautical miles (18.5 kilometers) east of St. George's, Bermuda, and then returned to station. On 18 October 1952, she departed Ocean Station Alfa and proceeded to Boston. On 8 November 1952, she departed Boston for the Coast Guard Yard at Curtis Bay, Maryland, arriving there on 9 November 1952.

On 17 December 1952, *Dexter* was decommissioned at the Coast Guard Yard and placed in storage there. In 1957 she was re-engined with four new Fairbanks Morse diesel engines.

### Pacific service 1958–1968

*Dexter* was recommissioned on 30 June 1958 and assigned to a new home port, Alameda, California. She departed Curtis Bay on 14 July 1958 under the command of Commander Bainbridge Leland, USCG.

*Dexter* arrived at Alameda on 11 August 1958. She assumed duty as the United States West Coast training ship for the United States Coast Guard Reserve training component. She provided training at sea for Coast Guard Reserve recruits undergoing training at Alameda Training Station. Manned by a complement of 83—eight officers, 10 chief petty officers, and 65 other enlisted men—to 85, *Dexter* had facilities for handling over 100 recruits at a time. Recruits spent approximately three months aboard *Dexter* for indoctrination and one extended cruise beyond the waters of San Francisco Bay. *Dexter* also made cruises to various ports on the U.S. West Coast, as well as to British Columbia in Canada, Hawaii, Alaska, and Mexico, in connection with training activities.

*Dexter* also participated as a search-and-rescue patrol vessel for various sailing races and regattas, including the September 1958 America's Cup Race at Newport, Rhode Island, and the Transpacific Yacht Races from Los Angeles, California, to Honolulu, Hawaii, of 1959, 1961, and 1965.

*Dexter* also conducted search and rescue operations. On 18 July 1959, she towed the disabled fishing vessel *Cloud Nine* until relieved by the Coast Guard buoy tender USCGC *Blackhaw* (WLB-390). On 5 February 1965, she unsuccessfully searched for an F-4B Phantom jet fighter aircraft near San Clemente Island. In early February 1966, she towed the disabled sloop *Allegro* from 360 nautical miles (670 km) south-southwest of San Diego, California, to Asuncion Bay.

*Dexter* was reclassified as a high endurance cutter and redesignated **WHEC-385** on 1 May 1966.

### Decommissioning and disposal

On 18 January 1968, the Coast Guard decommissioned *Dexter*. She was transferred to the U.S. Navy on 9 July 1968 and sunk as a target later that year.

* *This article incorporates text from the public domain* Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships*. The entry can be found here.*
* Department of the Navy: Naval Historical Center: Online Library of Selected Images: U.S. Navy Ships: USS *Biscayne* (AVP-11, later AGC-18), 1941–1946
* NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive – AVP-11 / AGC-18 Biscayne – WAGC-16 / WAVP / WHEC-385 Dexter
* United States Coast Guard Historian's Office: *Dexter*, 1946 ex-USS *Biscayne* WAGC-18; WAVP / WHEC-385 Radio call sign: NODC
* United States Coast Guard Historian's Office: *Mackinac*, 1949 WHEC-371
* Chesneau, Roger. *Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946*. New York: Mayflower Books, Inc., 1980. ISBN 0-8317-0303-2.
* Gardiner, Robert. *Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1982, Part I: The Western Powers*. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1983. ISBN 0-87021-918-9.

## InfoBox

| USS *Biscayne* (AVP-11) on 29 January 1942 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | USS *Biscayne* (AVP-11) |
| Namesake | Biscayne Bay in Florida |
| Builder | Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, Washington |
| Laid down | 27 October 1939 |
| Launched | 23 May 1941 |
| Sponsored by | Mrs. A. M. Charleton |
| Commissioned | 3 July 1941 |
| Decommissioned | 29 June 1946 |
| Reclassified | Amphibious command ship, AGC-18, 10 October 1944 |
| Honors and
awards | Six battle stars for World War II service |
| Fate | Transferred to U.S. Coast Guard 10 July 1946 |
| Acquired | Transferred from U.S. Coast Guard 9 July 1968 |
| Fate | Sunk as target 1968 |
| United States | |
| Name | USCGC *Dexter* (WAGC-385) |
| Namesake | Samuel Dexter (1761–1816), United States Secretary of the Treasury (1801) |
| Acquired | By transfer from United States Navy on either 10 July 1946, 19 July 1946, or 29 July 1946 |
| Commissioned | 20 September 1946 |
| Decommissioned | 17 December 1952 |
| Recommissioned | 30 June 1958 |
| Decommissioned | 18 January 1968 |
| Reclassified |  |
| Fate | Transferred to U.S. Navy 9 July 1968 |
| General characteristics (seaplane tender) | |
| Class and type | *Barnegat*-class small seaplane tender |
| Displacement | 1,766 tons (light); 2,750 tons (full load) |
| Length | 310 ft 9 in (94.72 m) |
| Beam | 41 ft 1 in (12.52 m) |
| Draught | 13 ft 6 in (4.11 m) |
| Installed power | 6,000 horsepower (4.48 megawatts) |
| Propulsion | Diesel engines, two shafts |
| Speed | 18.6 knots (34.4 km/h) |
| Complement | * 215 (ship's company) * 367 (including aviation unit) |
| Sensors and
processing systems | Sonar |
| Armament |  |
| Aviation facilities | Supplies, spare parts, repairs, and berthing for one seaplane squadron; 80,000 US gallons (300,000 L) aviation fuel |
| General characteristics (Coast Guard cutter) | |
| Class and type | *Casco*-class cutter |
| Displacement | 2,442 tons in 1965 |
| Length | 310 ft 9 in (94.72 m) overall; 300 ft 0 in (91.44 m) between perpendiculars |
| Beam | 41 ft 0 in (12.50 m) maximum |
| Draft | 12 ft 9 in (3.89 m) maximum in 1965 |
| Installed power | 6,150 bhp (4,590 kW) |
| Propulsion | Fairbanks-Morse geared diesel engines, two shafts; 144,442 US gallons (546,770 L) of fuel |
| Speed | * 17.35 knots (32.13 km/h) (maximum sustained in 1965) * 10.3 knots (19.1 km/h) (economic in 1965) |
| Range | * 8,680 nautical miles (16,080 km) at 17.35 knots (32.13 km/h) in 1965 * 17,900 nautical miles (33,200 km) at 10.3 knots (19.1 km/h) in 1965 |
| Complement | 78 (10 officers, 2 warrant officers, 66 enlisted personnel) in 1965 |
| Sensors and
processing systems |  |
| Armament | In 1965: 1 x single 5-inch (127 mm) 38-caliber Mark 30 Mod 57 gun mount, 1 x Mark 52 Mod 2 director, 1 x Mark 26 Mod 3 fire-control radar |


title: Mirdza E. Neiders

abstract: Mirdza E. Neiders, DDS, MS is a Latvian American professor, researcher, and oral pathologist. She was the first woman to be board-certified in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology in the United States. A SUNY Distinguished Teaching Professor, she supported underrepresented students at the University at Buffalo such as women, international students, and other minorities. She has contributed to research with nearly 100 publications. She taught undergraduate and graduate students at the University at Buffalo (UB) for 57 years. As a member of UB’s Oral Sciences Master’s Program, Neiders was the thesis supervisor for a number of M.S. degree students. She retired in August 2021.

text:
# Mirdza E. Neiders

**Mirdza E. Neiders, DDS, MS** (born August 21, 1933) is a Latvian American professor, researcher, and oral pathologist. She was the first woman to be board-certified in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology in the United States. A SUNY Distinguished Teaching Professor, she supported underrepresented students at the University at Buffalo such as women, international students, and other minorities.

She has contributed to research with nearly 100 publications. She taught undergraduate and graduate students at the University at Buffalo (UB) for 57 years. As a member of UB’s Oral Sciences Master’s Program, Neiders was the thesis supervisor for a number of M.S. degree students. She retired in August 2021.

## Personal life

Neiders was born in Riga, Latvia on August 21, 1933. Her father, Karlis, was a physician and her mother, Erika, was a dentist. Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, and then later by the Nazis in 1941. In 1944, her family left Latvia to flee from the second Soviet occupation. After World War II ended, Neiders, her parents, and her three siblings became displaced persons in the American Zone of Germany.

The family migrated to the United States on March 3, 1950. Neiders did not know English when she was placed in 11th grade at a secondary school in Marshalltown, Iowa. She credits one of her teachers, Miss Cooper, with teaching her English after school in just one and a half years as well as inspiring her to be a teacher.

Before attending college, Neiders worked at jobs where English was not required. She worked at an egg and poultry company, cleaned houses, and was a cashier in her high school cafeteria. Her family moved to Ohio after her father passed the Ohio State medical licensure examination in 1952.

After studying at Ohio State University, the University of Michigan, and the University of Chicago, Neiders moved to New York State and joined the faculty at the University of Buffalo in 1962.

Currently, Neiders is retired and resides in Snyder, New York. She has two children and three grandchildren.

## Education/training/certifications

| Institution | Degree | Years | Field of Study |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Marshalltown Junior College | -- | 1951-1952 | -- |
| Ohio State University | -- | 1952-1954 | Biology |
| University of Michigan, School of Dentistry | DDS | 1954-1958 | Dentistry |
| University of Chicago, School of Medicine | MS | 1959-1961 | General Pathology |
| University of Chicago, Zoller Dental Clinic | Certificate | 1959-1962 | Oral Pathology |
| University at Buffalo, School of Dentistry | Certificate | 1971-1974 | Periodontics |

From 1951-1952, Neiders attended Marshalltown Junior College. After that, she attended Ohio State University from 1952-1954 but did not receive a degree.

In 1954, she was accepted into the dental school at the University of Michigan and received her DDS in 1958. In 1961, she received her master’s degree in general pathology from the University of Chicago.

In 1964, she took the examination of the American Board of Oral Pathology and became the first woman ever in the United States to be a certified oral and maxillofacial pathologist. At the University at Buffalo, she took training in Periodontics from 1971-1974 while working as a professor.

## Scientific career

Neiders has expertise in many fields, including oral pathology, periodontal disease, immunology, and immunofluorescence. During her time as a professor, she did an abundance of research.

From 1974-1975, Neiders took a sabbatical leave to be a guest scientist at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

She is one of the directors at Beutner Laboratories. She collaborated and worked with Ernst Beutner and utilized the methods he prescribed to diagnose oral diseases. She specializes in the diagnosis of autoimmune skin and mucous membrane illnesses using immunological methods.

Currently, she serves as an honorary consultant for KSL Diagnostics and Beutner Laboratories, which are both located in Western New York.

## Publications

Neiders has about 100 publications, covering a wide range of topics. Main areas of research included:

* Cell attachment to teeth
* Host-bacterial interactions in periodontal disease
* Using immunological techniques in the diagnosis of mucosal diseases

## Teaching career

In 1962, Neiders began teaching as Assistant Professor of Oral Pathology at the University of Buffalo (UB). She obtained full professorship in 1970. She taught undergraduate and graduate students for 57 years.

Neiders taught undergraduate student courses in oral pathology, general pathology, and periodontology. To train postgraduate and graduate students, she taught in the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Certificate Training Program. She was a director of this program from 1980-1984. She also taught students in the Oral Sciences Master’s Program as a thesis supervisor and committee member.

## Honors and awards

Neiders has received numerous honors and awards recognizing her contributions to education and dentistry.

Given to people in the top 10% of their dental school class.

* Alpha Omega Dental Fraternity Teacher of the Year Award – 1988, 2001
* SUNY Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching – 2001
* SUNY Distinguished Teaching Professor – 2002
* Award for Outstanding Contributions to International Education – 2004 To recognize her contribution of mentoring Latvian international students at UB.
* Doctor Honoris Causa, Riga Stradins University – 2005 For giving support to faculty members from the Latvian School of Dentistry to travel to UB and dental meetings in the United States to learn about advances in dentistry.

## InfoBox

| Mirdza E. Neiders | |
| --- | --- |
| SUNY-Distinguished Teaching Professor | |


title: Mirdza Martinsone

abstract: Mirdza Martinsone was a Latvian alpine skier. She competed in the women's combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.

text:
# Mirdza Martinsone

**Mirdza Martinsone** (24 November 1916  20 September 1983) was a Latvian alpine skier. She competed in the women's combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.

## InfoBox

Mirdza Martinsone
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Latvian |
| Born | (1916-11-24)24 November 1916 |
| Died | 20 September 1983(1983-09-20) (aged 66)<br>New York, New York, United States |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Alpine skiing |


title: Mispila sibuyana

abstract: Mispila sibuyana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1939.

text:
# Mispila sibuyana

***Mispila sibuyana*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1939.

## InfoBox

| *Mispila sibuyana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Mispila* |
| Subgenus: | *Mispila (Mispila)* |
| Species: | ***M. sibuyana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mispila sibuyana***<br>Breuning, 1939 | |
|


title: UNIVAC EXEC II

abstract: EXEC II is a discontinued operating system developed for the UNIVAC 1107 by Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) while under contract to UNIVAC to develop the machine's COBOL compiler. They developed EXEC II because Univac's EXEC I operating system development was late. Because of this the COBOL compiler was actually designed to run under EXEC II, not EXEC I as specified in the original contract. EXEC II is a batch processing operating system that supports a single job stream with concurrent spooling.

text:
# UNIVAC EXEC II

**EXEC II** is a discontinued operating system developed for the UNIVAC 1107 by Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) while under contract to UNIVAC to develop the machine's COBOL compiler. They developed EXEC II because Univac's EXEC I operating system development was late. Because of this the COBOL compiler was actually designed to run under EXEC II, not EXEC I as specified in the original contract.

EXEC II is a batch processing operating system that supports a single job stream with concurrent spooling.

* Gray, George (March 1993). "EXEC II". *Unisys History Newsletter*. **1** (3). Archived from the original on August 9, 2017.

## InfoBox

EXEC II
| Developer | Computer Sciences Corporation |
| --- | --- |
| Working state | Discontinued |
| Platforms | UNIVAC 1107 |
| Default<br>user interface | Batch processing |
| License | Proprietary |


title: UNIVAC 9000 series

abstract: The UNIVAC 9000 series is a discontinued line of computers introduced by Sperry Rand in the mid-1960s to compete with the low end of the IBM System/360 series. The 9200 and 9300 implement the same restricted 16-bit subset of the System/360 instruction set as the IBM 360/20, while the UNIVAC 9400 implements a subset of the full 32-bit System/360 instruction set. The 9400 was roughly equivalent to the IBM 360/30. In 1972, UNIVAC stopped development of its 9000 series systems, in favor of hardware acquired from RCA, now called UNIVAC Series 90.

text:
# UNIVAC 9000 series

The **UNIVAC 9000 series** (9200, 9300, 9400, 9700) is a discontinued line of computers introduced by Sperry Rand in the mid-1960s to compete with the low end of the IBM System/360 series. The 9200 and 9300 (which differ only in CPU speed) implement the same restricted 16-bit subset of the System/360 instruction set as the IBM 360/20, while the UNIVAC 9400 implements a subset of the full 32-bit System/360 instruction set. The 9400 was roughly equivalent to the IBM 360/30.

In 1972, UNIVAC stopped development of its 9000 series systems, in favor of hardware acquired from RCA, now called UNIVAC Series 90.

## Hardware

The 9000 series uses monolithic integrated circuits for logic and plated-wire memory; the latter functions somewhat like core memory but uses a non-destructive read. Since the 9000 series was intended as direct competitors to IBM, they use 80-column cards and EBCDIC character encoding.

The UNIVAC 9200 was marketed as a functional replacement for the UNIVAC 1004 and as a direct competitor to the IBM 360/20. The printer-processor is one cabinet, the power supply and memory another and the card reader and optional card punch make an L-shaped configuration. Memory is 8 KB expandable to 32 KB. The 9200 II and 9300 II models, introduced in 1969, are extensions of the original 9200 and 9300 systems.

The printer differs from earlier UNIVAC printers, being similar to IBM's "bar printer" of the same era. It uses an oscillating-type bar instead of the drums that had been used until this point, and runs at speeds up to 300 lines per minute.

As Sperry moved into the 1970s, they expanded the 9000 family with the introduction of the 9700 system in 1971. The 9700 was said to be three to five as powerful as the 9400, twice as powerful as the IBM System/360 Model 50, and less costly than the IBM System/370 Model 145.

## Software

The 9200 and 9300 run the *Minimum Operating System*. The 9400 and 9480 run a real-memory operating system called OS/4. A new operating system for the 9700, called OS/7 was under development, but was discontinued in 1975.


title: Mirtha Brock

abstract: Mirtha Brock Forbes is a retired female track and field athlete from Colombia, who competed in the sprint events during her career.

text:
# Mirtha Brock

**Mirtha Brock Forbes** (born 9 April 1970) is a retired female track and field athlete from Colombia, who competed in the sprint events during her career.

## Career

She represented her native country in two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996. As well as in two world championships in 1995 and 1997. Brock won two bronze medals in the relay at the 1995 Pan American Games in Mar del Plata, Argentina.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Colombia | | | | | |
| 1993 | Bolivarian Games | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 2nd | 100 m | 12.03 **A** |
| 1994 | Ibero-American Championships | Mar del Plata, Argentina | 2nd | 100m | 11.78 (wind: +1.6 m/s) |
| | | | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.87 |
| 1997 | Bolivarian Games | Arequipa, Perú | 2nd | 100 m | 11.50 **w** (2.6 m/s) **A** |
| | | | 3rd | 200 m | 23.86 **w** (3.1 m/s) **A** |
| | | | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 43.89 **CR** **A** |
| 1998 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Maracaibo, Venezuela | 6th | 100 m | 11.73 |
| | | | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 44.39 |
| 2001 | Bolivarian Games | Ambato, Ecuador | 1st | 100 m | 11.82 (-2.0 m/s) **A** |
| 2002 | Central American and Caribbean Games | San Salvador, El Salvador | 5th | 400 m | 55.02 |
| | | | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 45.34 |

## InfoBox

Mirtha Brock
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Mirtha Brock Forbes |
| Born | (1970-04-09) April 9, 1970<br>San Andrés, Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina, Colombia |
| Sport | |
| Country | Colombia |
| Sport | Women's Athletics |
| Event(s) | 100m, 200m |
| Medal record      Women's athletics  Representing  Colombia  Pan American Games  1995 Mar del Plata  4x100 metres  1995 Mar del Plata  4x400 metres  South American Games  1994 Valencia  100 m  Bolivarian Games  1997 Arequipa  4x100 m relay  2001 Ambato  100 m  1993 Cochabamba  200 m  1997 Arequipa  100 m  1997 Arequipa  200 m | |


title: Mirror Repair

abstract: Mirror Repair is a 1994 EP by Gastr del Sol released on Drag City. The album was written and performed by David Grubbs and Jim O'Rourke.

text:
# Mirror Repair

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |

***Mirror Repair*** is a 1994 EP by Gastr del Sol released on Drag City. The album was written and performed by David Grubbs and Jim O'Rourke.

## Track listing

1. "Photographed Yawning" - 0:50
2. "Eight Corners" - 8:53
3. "Dictionary Of Handwriting" – 6:02
4. "Why Sleep" – 2:02
5. "Mirror Repair" – 3:14

## InfoBox

| Mirror Repair | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Gastr del Sol | |
| Released | 1994 |
| Genre | Post-rock |
| Length | 21:01 |
| Label | Drag City |
| Gastr del Sol chronology | |
| *Crookt, Crackt, or Fly*
(1994) ***Mirror Repair***
(1994) *Upgrade & Afterlife*
(1995) | |


title: Gibbons (surname)

abstract: Gibbons is an Irish and English surname of Norman origin. The surname was first found in the counties of Limerick and Mayo, in which two distinct families arose shortly after the Norman invasion of Ireland during the 12th century. The surname is derived from "Gibb", a short form of the popular Norman personal name Gilbert, which was first introduced in the 11th century by followers of William the Conqueror after the Norman Conquest of England. It was originally derived from the name Gislebert or Gillebert, which is composed of the Germanic elements Gisil which means "hostage", "pledge", or "noble youth," and berht, which means "bright" or "famous." Most of those with the surname hail from Mayo and are a branch of the great Burke family, which played a prominent role in the Norman invasion. They were originally known as "MacGibbon Burke" or "Mac Giobúin, son of Gilbert". They were noted to have integrated into the local culture and customs more completely than other Norman invaders, intermarrying with native noble Irish and becoming "more Irish than the Irish themselves". The family from Limerick is a branch of the aristocratic FitzGerald dynasty. They were knights descended from the Irish baron John FitzThomas (FitzGerald), ancestor of The Earls of Desmond and grandson of the Norman baron Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Llanstephan. The second branch of the FitzGerald family came to be known as "FitzGibbon" and were given the title of the White Knight, holding territory in southeast Limerick, near County Cork. The other two branches of the family were known as the Green Knight and the Black Knight, both of which kept the FitzGerald name.

text:
# Gibbons (surname)

**Gibbons** is an Irish and English surname of Norman origin. The surname was first found in the counties of Limerick and Mayo, in which two distinct families arose shortly after the Norman invasion of Ireland during the 12th century.

The surname is derived from "Gibb", a short form of the popular Norman personal name Gilbert, which was first introduced in the 11th century by followers of William the Conqueror after the Norman Conquest of England. It was originally derived from the name *Gislebert* or *Gillebert*, which is composed of the Germanic elements *Gisil* which means "hostage", "pledge", or "noble youth," and *berht*, which means "bright" or "famous."

Most of those with the surname hail from Mayo and are a branch of the great Burke family, which played a prominent role in the Norman invasion. They were originally known as "MacGibbon Burke" or "Mac Giobúin, son of Gilbert" (de Burgh). They were noted to have integrated into the local culture and customs more completely than other Norman invaders, intermarrying with native noble Irish and becoming "more Irish than the Irish themselves".

The family from Limerick is a branch of the aristocratic FitzGerald dynasty. They were knights descended from the Irish baron John FitzThomas (FitzGerald), ancestor of The Earls of Desmond and grandson of the Norman baron Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Llanstephan. The second branch of the FitzGerald family came to be known as "FitzGibbon" and were given the title of the White Knight, holding territory in southeast Limerick, near County Cork. The other two branches of the family were known as the Green Knight and the Black Knight, both of which kept the FitzGerald name.

## Notable people

### Fictional characters

Gibbons may also be used as a first name. Notable people with the name include:

Gibbon (surname)


title: USS Furse

abstract: USS Furse (DD-882/DDR-882) was a Gearing-class destroyer of the United States Navy.

text:
# USS Furse

**USS *Furse* (DD-882/DDR-882)** was a *Gearing*-class destroyer of the United States Navy.

## Namesake

John Houseal Furse was born on 20 April 1880 in South Carolina. He was a member of the United States Naval Academy class of 1901. His first service was on the Asiatic Station, where he served in Manila during a scientific expedition, as well as in other ships. Returning to the United States, he joined the USS *Illinois* on 29 September 1904, and served in Cuban waters. Lieutenant Furse died on board *Illinois* on 30 September 1907, of injuries received fighting a storm which threatened the ship.

## Construction and commissioning

*Furse* was laid down by the Consolidated Steel Corporation at Orange, Texas on 23 September 1944, launched on 9 March 1945 by Miss Eugenia A. Furse, sister of Lieutenant Furse and commissioned on 10 July 1945.

## Service history

*Furse* sailed from Norfolk, Virginia on 7 November 1945 for occupation duty in the Far East, calling at San Diego, California and Pearl Harbor en route to Tokyo Bay, where she arrived on 22 December. After acting as courier between Nagoya and Wakayama, she conducted training operations out of Kobe, then sailed back to Pearl Harbor to prepare for participation in "Operation Crossroads". In this operation, atomic weapons tests in the Marshall Islands during the summer of 1946, *Furse* acted as plane guard to carriers of JTF 1.

The destroyer returned to San Diego on 12 August 1946, and until her transfer to the Atlantic Fleet in April 1949, operated on training along the west coast, and completed another tour of duty in the Far East. She was reclassified **DDR-882** on 18 March 1949. She arrived at Newport, Rhode Island, on 21 April 1949. On 10 September, she sailed on the first of her tours of duty with the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, which were annual, aside from 1951 and 1959, through 1960. From January 1951, *Furse* was homeported at Norfolk. (Her homeport from 1959 to 1962 was Charleston, South Carolina) Early in 1963 *Furse* was in the Shipyard in Philadelphia for FRAM overhaul.

Among the highlights of the destroyer's operations were visits to ports of northern Europe between September 1950 and December, during which she represented the United States at the funeral of King Gustav V of Sweden. From 1952 onward, she often served with the Operational Development Force, perfecting techniques in anti-submarine warfare. A midshipman summer cruise in 1952 again took her to ports of northern Europe. Marking her 1956 tour of duty in the Mediterranean was her participation in the evacuation of Americans from Israel and Egypt during the Suez Crisis, and lengthy patrol duty in the eastern Mediterranean. The next year, she made two tours of duty in the Mediterranean because of the tense political situation prevailing, and in the summer of 1958, she sailed for NATO operations in northern waters, visiting Santander, Spain; Stavanger, Norway; and Ghent, Belgium. In the periods between her deployments, *Furse* carried out the intensive training schedule of Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet, cruising the east coast and the Caribbean in operations with ships of all types and major fleet exercises.

*Furse* was part of the blockade in October 1962, during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

During June 1965 *Furse* was a unit of recovery force for the fourth Gemini astronaut space shot. In the winter of 1967, *Furse* spent time in the Boston Naval Shipyard receiving her regular yard overhaul period in preparation for a WESTPAC cruise in the summer of 1968. For a fuller description of this cruise, the first on which Furse was in active combat and was hit by enemy fire, see "School of Hard Knots", a memoir by junior officer on Furse, Henry (Hank) Abernathy. Captained by Michael T. Greeley USN, Furse operated with the Seventh Fleet in the Tonkin Gulf, including the recommissioned battleship USS New Jersey (BB 62). Shortly after her yard period, she took part in refresher training in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba followed by Fleet exercises in the Atlantic and Caribbean.

### In Spanish Navy

*Furse* was decommissioned on 31 August 1972, and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 2 June 1975. She was transferred to Spain and renamed *Gravina*. *Gravina* was scrapped in 1991.

## InfoBox

| USS *Furse* underway on 28 August 1961 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | *Furse* |
| Namesake | John H. Furse |
| Builder | Consolidated Steel Corporation |
| Laid down | 23 September 1944 |
| Launched | 9 March 1945 |
| Commissioned | 10 July 1945 |
| Decommissioned | 31 August 1972 |
| Reclassified | DDR-882, 18 March 1949 |
| Stricken | 2 June 1975 |
| Identification |  |
| Motto | *Sentinel of the Sea* |
| Fate | Transferred to Spain, 1972 |
| Notes | Sold to Spain, 17 May 1978 |
| Badge |  |
| Spain | |
| Name | *Gravina* |
| Namesake | Federico Carlos Gravina y Nápoli |
| Acquired | 1972 |
| Commissioned | 13 June 1972 |
| Decommissioned | 30 September 1991 |
| Identification | Hull number: D-62 |
| Fate | Scrapped, 1991 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type |  |
| Displacement | 3,460 long tons (3,516 t) full |
| Length | 390 ft 6 in (119.02 m) |
| Beam | 40 ft 10 in (12.45 m) |
| Draft | 14 ft 4 in (4.37 m) |
| Propulsion | Geared turbines, 2 shafts, 60,000 shp (45 MW) |
| Speed | 36.8 knots (68.2 km/h; 42.3 mph) |
| Range | 4,500 nmi (8,300 km) at 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph) |
| Complement | 336 |
| Armament |  |


title: Minoru Misawa

abstract: Minoru Misawa Minoru Misawa is a Japanese ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournaments at the 1972 Winter Olympics, the 1976 Winter Olympics and the 1980 Winter Olympics.

text:
# Minoru Misawa

**Minoru Misawa** (三沢 実, *Misawa Minoru*, born 1 May 1949) is a Japanese ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournaments at the 1972 Winter Olympics, the 1976 Winter Olympics and the 1980 Winter Olympics.

## InfoBox

Minoru Misawa
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Born | (1949-05-01) 1 May 1949<br>Hokkaido, Japan |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Ice hockey |


title: Miss Me (Mohombi song)

abstract: "Miss Me" is a song by Swedish-Congolese singer-songwriter Mohombi featuring vocals from Grammy Award-winning American recording artist, actor and entrepreneur Nelly from his debut album MoveMeant. It was released on 28 October 2010 as a Digital download in the United Kingdom. RedOne, AJ Junior, Mohombi, Ilya, Cornell Haynes Jr. and was produced by RedOne. It peaked at number 66 on the UK Singles Chart.

text:
# Miss Me (Mohombi song)

"**Miss Me**" is a song by Swedish-Congolese singer-songwriter Mohombi featuring vocals from Grammy Award-winning American recording artist, actor and entrepreneur Nelly from his debut album *MoveMeant*. It was released on 28 October 2010 as a Digital download in the United Kingdom. RedOne, AJ Junior, Mohombi, Ilya, Cornell Haynes Jr. and was produced by RedOne. It peaked at number 66 on the UK Singles Chart.

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "Miss Me" was first released onto YouTube on 1 February 2011 at a total length of four minutes and sixteen seconds.

## Track listing

Digital download
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Miss Me" (feat. Nelly) | 3:21 |
| 2. | "Miss Me" (Future Freakz Remix) | 5:49 |
| 3. | "Miss Me" (Wizzy Wow Remix) | 3:09 |
| 4. | "Miss Me" (Future Freakz Edit) | 2:46 |

## Chart performance

| Chart (2010) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| UK Singles (The Official Charts Company) | 66 |
|

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom | 28 October 2010 | Digital download | Island Records |

## InfoBox

| "Miss Me" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Mohombi featuring Nelly | |
| from the album  *MoveMeant* | |
| Released | 28 October 2010 (2010-10-28) |
| Genre | Pop, R&B |
| Length | 3:21 |
| Label | Island Records |
| Songwriter(s) | Nadir Khayat, AJ Junior, Cornell Haynes, Ilya, Mohombi |
| Producer(s) | RedOne, Ilya |
| Mohombi singles chronology | |
| "Bumpy Ride"
(2010) "**Miss Me**"
(2010) "Dirty Situation"
(2010) | |


title: Miss Me Blind

abstract: "Miss Me Blind" is a song by English new wave band Culture Club. Known for a guitar solo midway through the song, it was the third single released from the album Colour by Numbers in North America, peaking at number 5 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart in spring 1984. This gave the band its sixth consecutive top 10 hit in the US, as well as its final top 10 hit in that country, although the group would score several other top 20 hits in the US. The single reached number 5 in Canada, and was also released in several South American countries, Australia, and Japan. It was also the band's biggest R&B hit, reaching number 5 on the US Billboard Soul/R&B chart. Cash Box said that the song illustrates lead singer "Boy George’s knack for finding the right beat for the right lyrics and singing them in the right way" and that his vocal is "well complemented by an unflagging beat and soulful background vocals." A very popular 12-inch was issued, gaining big success in American clubs and elsewhere. The popular extended 12-inch version contained extracts of the other Culture Club hit of the spring, "It's a Miracle". In the US, the "Miss Me Blind" / "It's a Miracle" 12" single reached #10 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart in May 1984. The official music video features the four members of Culture Club in a Japanese setting; Japan was one of several countries where the band was extremely popular. The music video was directed by Steve Barron. Backing vocals on "Miss Me Blind" were performed by R&B singer Jermaine Stewart.

text:
# Miss Me Blind

"**Miss Me Blind**" is a song by English new wave band Culture Club. Known for a guitar solo midway through the song , it was the third single released from the album *Colour by Numbers* in North America, peaking at number 5 on the US *Billboard* Hot 100 chart in spring 1984. This gave the band its sixth consecutive top 10 hit in the US, as well as its final top 10 hit in that country, although the group would score several other top 20 hits in the US. The single reached number 5 in Canada, and was also released in several South American countries, Australia, and Japan. It was also the band's biggest R&B hit, reaching number 5 on the US *Billboard* Soul/R&B chart.

*Cash Box* said that the song illustrates lead singer "Boy George’s knack for finding the right beat for the right lyrics and singing them in the right way" and that his vocal is "well complemented by an unflagging beat and soulful background vocals."

A very popular 12-inch was issued, gaining big success in American clubs and elsewhere. The popular extended 12-inch version contained extracts of the other Culture Club hit of the spring, "It's a Miracle". In the US, the "Miss Me Blind" / "It's a Miracle" 12" single reached #10 on the *Billboard* Hot Dance Club Play chart in May 1984. The official music video features the four members of Culture Club in a Japanese setting; Japan was one of several countries where the band was extremely popular. The music video was directed by Steve Barron. Backing vocals on "Miss Me Blind" were performed by R&B singer Jermaine Stewart.

## Formats and track listings

**7"**
A. "Miss Me Blind" – 4:28
B. "Colour by Numbers" (non-album track) – 3:57
*(Released at least in the USA, Canada, Australia, France, Italy, and Japan)*
A. "Miss Me Blind" – 4:28
B. "Victims" – 4:56
*(Released in Mexico)*
A. "Miss Me Blind" – 4:31
B. "Boy, Boy (I'm the Boy)" – 3:46
*(Released in Brazil)*
**12"**
A. "Miss Me Blind/It's a Miracle" (Extended Dance Remix) – 9:08
B. "Colour by Numbers" – 3:57
*(Released in the USA and Canada)*
A. "It's a Miracle/Miss Me Blind" (US Remix) – 9:08
B1. "Love Twist" – 4:23
B2. "Melting Pot" (live) – 4:30
*(Released in France)*

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (1984) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Top Singles (RPM) | 6 |
| US Hot 100 | 5 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1984) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| US Top Pop Singles (*Billboard*) | 63 |

## InfoBox

| "Miss Me Blind" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Culture Club | |
| from the album  *Colour by Numbers* | |
| B-side | "Colour By Numbers" |
| Released | 14 February 1984 (US) |
| Recorded | 1983 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 4:29 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Steve Levine |
| Culture Club singles chronology | |
| "Victims"
(1983) "**Miss Me Blind**"
(1984) "It's a Miracle"
(1984) | |


title: Gintama': Enchōsen

abstract: The episodes of the anime television series "Gintama': Enchōsen" are adapted from Hideaki Sorachi's manga "Gin Tama." The series debuted on TV Tokyo on October 4, 2012, serving as a direct continuation of the second "Gintama'" anime that concluded in March 2012. The core creative team from the second TV series remains intact for "Gintama': Enchōsen," with Yoichi Fujita continuing as the director. The show follows the unconventional samurai, Gintoki Sakata, his apprentice, Shinpachi Shimura, and the alien girl Kagura as they work as freelancers, taking on odd jobs to make ends meet—though often failing to pay their rent. The episodes were released across four DVDs from December 19, 2012, to May 22, 2013. "Gintama': Enchōsen" features two opening themes and two ending themes. The initial opening theme, "LET'S GO OUT" by AMOYAMO, is used from episodes 1 to 4 and during the "Gintama Classic" rerun episodes. The second opening theme, "Sakura Honeymoon" by SPYAIR, takes over from episode 5 onwards. The first ending theme, "Moonwalk" by MONOBRIGHT, is employed for episodes 1 to 4 and the "Gintama Classic" rerun episodes. The sixth ending theme, "Expect" by PAGE, is used from episode 5 onwards.

text:
# Gintama': Enchōsen

The episodes of the anime television series "Gintama': Enchōsen" (銀魂’ 延長戦) are adapted from Hideaki Sorachi's manga "Gin Tama." The series debuted on TV Tokyo on October 4, 2012, serving as a direct continuation of the second "Gintama'" anime that concluded in March 2012. The core creative team from the second TV series remains intact for "Gintama': Enchōsen," with Yoichi Fujita continuing as the director.

The show follows the unconventional samurai, Gintoki Sakata, his apprentice, Shinpachi Shimura, and the alien girl Kagura as they work as freelancers, taking on odd jobs to make ends meet—though often failing to pay their rent. The episodes were released across four DVDs from December 19, 2012, to May 22, 2013.

"Gintama': Enchōsen" features two opening themes and two ending themes. The initial opening theme, "LET'S GO OUT" by AMOYAMO, is used from episodes 1 to 4 and during the "Gintama Classic" rerun episodes. The second opening theme, "Sakura Honeymoon" (サクラミツツキ, Sakura Mitsutsuki) by SPYAIR, takes over from episode 5 onwards. The first ending theme, "Moonwalk" (ムーンウォーク, *Mūnuōku*) by MONOBRIGHT, is employed for episodes 1 to 4 and the "Gintama Classic" rerun episodes. The sixth ending theme, "Expect" (エクスペクト, Ekusupekuto) by PAGE, is used from episode 5 onwards.

## Episode list

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 253 | 1 | "Nobody with Natural Straight Hair Can Be That Bad/Nobody with Straight Blond Hair Can Be That Good"
Transliteration: "Sutorēto Pāma ni Warui Yatsu wa Inai/Kinpatsu Sutopā ni Roku na Yatsu wa Inai" (Japanese: ストレートパーマに悪い奴はいない/金パツストパーにロクな奴はいない) | October 4, 2012 (2012-10-04) |
| While Gintoki was gone, a new leader of the Yorozuya took place. He was built by Gengai Hiraga by orders of Kagura and Shinpachi who were mad at Gintoki for leaving them behind. In order for them to keep doing their work they came up with ideas to make the perfect yorozuya substitute leader that would fill in Gintoki's spot when he was absent. | | | | |
| 254 | 2 | "Kintoki and Gintoki"
Transliteration: "Kintoki to Gintoki" (Japanese: 金時と銀時) | October 11, 2012 (2012-10-11) |
| With Kintoki Sakata still having the favor of everyone around due to his manipulation, It's up to Tama and Sadaharu (the only two who've not been affected due to being a machine and an animal respectively.) to help everyone regain the memories of Gintoki. | | | | |
| 255 | 3 | "Kin-san's Kintama"
Transliteration: "Kin-san no Kin○" (Japanese: 金さんの金○) | October 18, 2012 (2012-10-18) |
| Kintoki has raided the city to search for Gin, but a few leaders question why he is obsessing over one man. | | | | |
| 256 | 4 | "The Meaning of a Main Character"
Transliteration: "Shujinkō to wa" (Japanese: 主人公とは) | October 25, 2012 (2012-10-25) |
| The battle of Kin-chan vs. Gin-Chan reaches the climax. Kin-Chan will end this anime for good this time. | | | | |
| 257 | 5 | "Courtesan Turns the Tables"
Transliteration: "Keisei Gyakuten" (Japanese: 傾城逆転) | January 10, 2013 (2013-01-10) |
| After being invited to spend the night with the legendary Courtesan, Gin must fight back the waves of nausea and help this woman see the next moon rise. | | | | |
| 258 | 6 | "Inside the Palace!!"
Transliteration: "Denchūdegozaru!!" (Japanese: 殿中でござる!!) | January 17, 2013 (2013-01-17) |
| The current Shogun is unconscious and the former shogun is outside the door requesting an audience. Gin must play the role of Shigeshige or everyone will lose their head. | | | | |
| 259 | 7 | "Five Pinkies"
Transliteration: "Go-hon no yubi" (Japanese: 5本の指) | January 24, 2013 (2013-01-24) |
| The Odd Jobs team and Tsu-Ki assault the palace with full force. Things are going well until the Oniwabanshu appears to protect the former shogun. | | | | |
| 260 | 8 | "Pinky Swear"
Transliteration: "Shinjūdate" (Japanese: 心中立て) | January 31, 2013 (2013-01-31) |
| It seems every faction has turned against the former shogun Sadasada. With the help of a friend Gin is given a second chance to defeat Oboro, but will his body hold out? Can he keep his promise to Tsu-ki? | | | | |
| 261 | 9 | "Unsetting Moon"
Transliteration: "Shizumanu Tsuki" (Japanese: 沈まぬ月) | February 7, 2013 (2013-02-07) |
| The current Shogun resigns to protect the people of Edo from Murasame. Sadasada is imprisoned and later killed. Everyone begins to recover from the battle and wonders what exactly they were fighting for. | | | | |
| 262 | 10 | "Sound Of Beam Can Pierce Heart Of Everyone"
Transliteration: "Bīmu toiu Hibiki wa Arayuru mono no Hāto o Inuku" (Japanese: ビームという響きはあらゆる者のハートを射抜く) | March 7, 2013 (2013-03-07) |
| Otae has new determination to restore her family’s dojo and luckily a former student has come back to town. | | | | |
| 263 | 11 | "Two Brothers"
Transliteration: "Futari no Aniki" (Japanese: 二人のアニキ) | March 14, 2013 (2013-03-14) |
| Gintoki has taken it upon himself to be the bad guy, so nobody will have to be hurt. | | | | |
| 264 | 12 | "Liquor and Gasoline, Smiles and Tears"
Transliteration: "Sake to Gasorin to Egao to Namida" (Japanese: 酒とガソリンと笑顔と涙) | March 21, 2013 (2013-03-21) |
| Gintoki's insistence on saving Hajime has caused him to get badly hurt. This match will be decided between Obi Hajime of the School of Beam Saber and Shimura Shinpachi of the School of Tendo Mushin. | | | | |
| 265 | 13 | "Dog Food Doesn't Have As Much Flavor As You'd Think"
Transliteration: "Doggu Fūdo wa Mitame Yori Aji ga Usui" (Japanese: ドッグフードは見た目より味がうすい) | March 28, 2013 (2013-03-28) |
| The Sakata family always shares when times are tough, some members have to learn the hard way. | | | | |

General * "253-256" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on February 10, 2013. Retrieved February 19, 2013.
* "257-" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on February 15, 2013. Retrieved February 19, 2013.

Specific

## InfoBox

| *Gintama': Enchōsen* | |
| --- | --- |
| Cover of the first *Gintama': Enchōsen* DVD | |
| No. of episodes | 13 |
| Release | |
| Original network | TV Tokyo |
| Original release | October 4, 2012 (2012-10-04)
March 28, 2013 (2013-03-28) |
| Season chronology | |
|


title: Gintama season 1

abstract: "Tōi Nioi" The first season of the Japanese anime television series Gintama is directed by Shinji Takamatsu and animated by Sunrise. It aired on TV Tokyo from April 4, 2006 to March 29, 2007 with a total of 49 episodes. The anime is based on Hideaki Sorachi's manga of the same name. The story revolves around an eccentric samurai, Gintoki Sakata, his apprentice, Shinpachi Shimura, and a teenage alien girl named Kagura. All three are "freelancers" who search for work in order to pay the monthly rent, which usually goes unpaid. In Japan, Aniplex distributes the anime in DVD format. A total of thirteen volumes were released for the first season, between July 26, 2006 and June 26, 2007. On January 8, 2009, the streaming video site Crunchyroll began offering English subtitled episodes of the series. The episodes are available on Crunchyroll within hours of airing in Japan to paying members. The episodes can also be watched for free a week after release. The first available episode was episode 139. On the same day, Crunchyroll also began uploading episodes from the beginning of the series at a rate of two a week. The anime is licensed by Sentai Filmworks, with distribution from Section23 Films. The first collection containing thirteen episodes will be released on DVD, April 27, 2010. This season uses six musical pieces: two opening themes and four ending themes. The first 24 episodes feature "Pray" by Tommy heavenly6. Since episode 25, the opening theme is "Tōi Nioi" by YO-KING. The first ending theme is "Fūsen Gamu" by Captain Straydum. It is replaced in episode 14 by "Mr. Raindrop" from Amplified, which is used until episode 24. It is then followed by "Yuki no Tsubasa" by redballoon. Since episode 38 the ending is "Kyandi Line" by Hitomi Takahashi. Besides the regular themes, episode 12 uses a remixed version of "Fūsen Gamu". Episode 49 changes "Kyandi Line" as an opening, while the ending is a remix of "Tōi Nioi".

text:
# Gintama season 1

The first season of the Japanese anime television series *Gintama* is directed by Shinji Takamatsu and animated by Sunrise. It aired on TV Tokyo from April 4, 2006 to March 29, 2007 with a total of 49 episodes. The anime is based on Hideaki Sorachi's manga of the same name. The story revolves around an eccentric samurai, Gintoki Sakata, his apprentice, Shinpachi Shimura, and a teenage alien girl named Kagura. All three are "freelancers" who search for work in order to pay the monthly rent, which usually goes unpaid.

In Japan, Aniplex distributes the anime in DVD format. A total of thirteen volumes were released for the first season, between July 26, 2006 and June 26, 2007.

On January 8, 2009, the streaming video site Crunchyroll began offering English subtitled episodes of the series. The episodes are available on Crunchyroll within hours of airing in Japan to paying members. The episodes can also be watched for free a week after release. The first available episode was episode 139. On the same day, Crunchyroll also began uploading episodes from the beginning of the series at a rate of two a week. The anime is licensed by Sentai Filmworks, with distribution from Section23 Films. The first collection containing thirteen episodes will be released on DVD, April 27, 2010.

This season uses six musical pieces: two opening themes and four ending themes. The first 24 episodes feature "Pray" by Tommy heavenly6. Since episode 25, the opening theme is "Tōi Nioi" (遠い匂い, lit. "Faraway Scent") by YO-KING. The first ending theme is "Fūsen Gamu" (風船ガム, lit. "Bubble Gum") by Captain Straydum. It is replaced in episode 14 by "Mr. Raindrop" from Amplified, which is used until episode 24. It is then followed by "Yuki no Tsubasa" (雪のツバサ, lit. "Wings of Snow") by redballoon. Since episode 38 the ending is "Kyandi Line" (キャンディ・ライン, lit. "Candy Line") by Hitomi Takahashi. Besides the regular themes, episode 12 uses a remixed version of "Fūsen Gamu". Episode 49 changes "Kyandi Line" as an opening, while the ending is a remix of "*Tōi Nioi*".

## Episode list

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01–02 | 01–02 | "You Guys!! Do You Even Have Gintama?!"
Transliteration: "Temeraaaa!! Soredemo Gintama tsuiten no kaaaa" (Japanese: てめーらァァァ!!それでも銀魂ついてんのかァァァ) | April 4, 2006 (2006-04-04) |
| Gintoki, Shinpachi, Kagura and the rest of the cast are introduced, while some villains plan on destroying Edo. | | | | |
| 03 | 03 | "Nobody With Naturally Wavy Hair Can Be That Bad"
Transliteration: "Tennen pāma ni warui yatsu wa inai" (Japanese: 天然パーマに悪い奴はいない) | April 11, 2006 (2006-04-11) |
| How Gintoki and Shinpachi first met, where Gintoki frames Shinpachi for crime over a spilled parfait and later teams up to save Shinpachi's sister, Otae, from an evil money-grubber. | | | | |
| 04 | 04 | "Watch Out! *JUMP* Sometimes Comes Out On Saturdays!"
Transliteration: "JUMP wa tokidoki doyō ni deru kara ki o tsukero" (Japanese: ジャンプは時々土曜にでるから気をつけろ) | April 25, 2006 (2006-04-25) |
| Gintoki and Shinpachi (literally) run into Kagura-- a girl from the Yato Clan who's trying to run away from the yakuza. | | | | |
| 05 | 05 | "Make Friends You Can Call By Their Nicknames, Even When You're An Old Fart"
Transliteration: "Jijii ni nattemo adana de yobiaeru tomodachi o tsukure" (Japanese: ジジィになってもあだ名で呼び合える友達を作れ) | May 2, 2006 (2006-05-02) |
| After a deliveryman crashes outside the store, the Yorozuya go to deliver a package in his stead. But the package itself is a bomb; one out of many bombings conducted by the Joi Faction's leader, and Gintoki's old friend, Katsura. | | | | |
| 06 | 06 | "Keep Your Promise Even If It Kills You"
Transliteration: "Ichido shita yakusoku wa shindemo mamore" (Japanese: 一度した約束は死んでも守れ) | May 9, 2006 (2006-05-09) |
| Gintoki and Kagura encounter an escaped criminal who subsequently forces Gintoki to drive him to the concert where his daughter, a famous pop idol, is holding her performance. | | | | |
| 07 | 07 | "Responsible Owners Should Clean Up After Their Pets"
Transliteration: "Petto wa kainushiga sekinin o motte saigo made mendō o mimashō" (Japanese: ペットは飼い主が責任をもって最後まで面倒を見ましょう) | May 16, 2006 (2006-05-16) |
| Prince Hata, the prince of an alien kingdom, is missing his pet, and requests the Yorozuya find it. | | | | |
| 08 | 08 | "There Is Butt A Fine Line Between Persistence And Stubbornness"
Transliteration: "Nebarizuyosa to shitsukosa wa kamihitoe" (Japanese: 粘り強さとしつこさは紙一重) | May 23, 2006 (2006-05-23) |
| Otae requests the Yorozuya to do something about Kondou, who's been stalking her ever since she turned down his marriage proposal. | | | | |
| 09 | 09 | "Fighting Should Be Done With Fists"
Transliteration: "Kenka wa gū de yarubeshi" (Japanese: 喧嘩はグーでやるべし) | May 30, 2006 (2006-05-30) |
| After hearing how Kondou was beaten by "a silver haired samurai", the Shinsengumi decide to reclaim his honor by finding the samurai to fight him. | | | | |
| 10 | 10 | "Eat Something Sour When You're Tired"
Transliteration: "Tsukareta toki wa suppai mono o" (Japanese: 疲れたときは酸っぱいものを) | June 6, 2006 (2006-06-06) |
| Someone has left a giant dog at the Yorozuya's front door with a note asking them to take care of it. Kagura insists on keeping the dog, much to Gintoki's and Shinpachi's dismay. | | | | |
| 11 | 11 | "Look, Overly Sticky Sweet Dumplings Are Not Real Dumplings, You Idiot!"
Transliteration: "Becha becha shita dango nantena dango jane bakayarō" (Japanese: べちゃべちゃした団子なんてなァ団子じゃねぇバカヤロー) | June 13, 2006 (2006-06-13) |
| An old man on his deathbed enlists the Yorozuya in finding the owner of a hairpin, a woman he fell in love with fifty years ago. | | | | |
| 12 | 12 | "People Who Make Good First Impressions Usually Suck"
Transliteration: "Daiichi inshō ga ii yatsu ni roku na yatsu wa inai" (Japanese: 第一印象がいい奴にロクな奴はいない) | June 13, 2006 (2006-06-13) |
| Otose gets a new helper at her shop in the form of Catherine, a cat-eared Amanto who steals everything in sight. | | | | |
| 13 | 13 | "If You're Going To Cosplay, Go All Out"
Transliteration: "Kosupure suru nara kokoro made kazare" (Japanese: コスプレするなら心まで飾れ) | June 20, 2006 (2006-06-20) |
| While looking for the missing daughter of a wealthy family, the Yorozuya get caught up in the workings of the Harusame, an Amanto group of drug-smuggling space pirates. However, things do not go immediately as planned and Gintoki and Katsura team up together to rescue Kagura and Shinpachi. | | | | |
| 14 | 14 | "Boys Have A Weird Ritual That Makes Them Think They Turn Into Men When They Touch A Frog"
Transliteration: "Otoko ni wa kaeru ni sawarete ichininmae mitai na wake no wakaranai rūru ga aru" (Japanese: 男にはカエルに触れて一人前みたいな訳のわからないルールがある) | July 4, 2006 (2006-07-04) |
| | "You Only Gotta Wash Under Your Armpits - Just The Armpits"
Transliteration: "Waki dake arattokya iin dayo waki dake" (Japanese: 脇だけ洗っときゃいいんだよ脇だけ) | |
|
| After the previous episode, the Shinsengumi protect one of the arrested drug dealers from an assassin.
---  Kagura spends the day with a runaway princess, who longs to be an ordinary girl.

Note: The ending theme was changed to "Mr Raindrop" by Amplified | | | | | | |
| 15 | 15 | "Pets Resemble Their Owners"
Transliteration: "Kainushi to petto wa niru" (Japanese: 飼い主とペットは似る) | July 11, 2006 (2006-07-11) |
| Katsura receives a creature from outer space from an old friend, Sakamoto, while around the same time the Yorozuya plan to enter Sadaharu in a pet television show in an attempt to earn their rent money. | | | | |
| 16 | 16 | "If You Stop And Think About It, Your Life's A Lot Longer As An Old Guy Than A Kid! Whoa, Scary!"
Transliteration: "Kangaetara jinseitte ossan ni natte kara no hō ga nagaijane-ka! kowa!!" (Japanese: 考えたら人生ってオッさんになってからの方が長いじゃねーか!怖っ!!) | July 18, 2006 (2006-07-18) |
| An unemployed Hasegawa takes a job as a cab driver, forcing him to debate his morality against his ego. | | | | |
| 17 | 17 | "Sons Only Take After Their Fathers' Negative Attributes"
Transliteration: "Oyakotte no wa kirai na tokobakari niru mon da" (Japanese: 親子ってのは嫌いなとこばかり似るもんだ) | July 25, 2006 (2006-07-25) |
| The Yorozuya spend time with a robot tinkerer preparing for a special festival, but his scars of the past force him under the manipulation of Gintoki's former Joi ally Shinsuke Takasugi. | | | | |
| 18 | 18 | "Oh, Yeah! Our Crib Is Number One!"
Transliteration: "Aa yappari wagayaga ichiban da wa" (Japanese: ああやっぱり我が家が一番だわ) | August 1, 2006 (2006-08-01) |
| The Yorozuya and Shinsengumi team up to take down a harassing "Robin Hood" stealing women's panties. | | | | |
| 19 | 19 | "Why Is The Sea So Salty? Because You City Folk Pee Whenever You Go Swimming!"
Transliteration: "Umi ga naze shoppai dato? Ome-ra tokaijin ga oyoginagara yō tashiteku kara darō-gaaa" (Japanese: 海がなぜしょっぱいだと?オメーら都会人が泳ぎながら用足してくからだろーがァァ) | August 8, 2006 (2006-08-08) |
| In an effort to get some quick cash, Gintoki and Hasegawa, along with Shinpachi, Kagura, and Otae, head to the beach to get rid of a monster that's been terrorizing the area. | | | | |
| 20 | 20 | "Watch Out For Conveyor Belts!"
Transliteration: "Beruto konbea ni wa ki o tsukero" (Japanese: ベルトコンベアには気をつけろ) | August 15, 2006 (2006-08-15) |
| The Shinsengumi find that their base is being haunted by a ghost. The Yorozuya get involved, and together, they try to discover the meaning behind the matter. | | | | |
| 21 | 21 | "If You're A Man, Try The Swordfish!"
Transliteration: "Otoko nara toriaezu kajiki" (Japanese: 男ならとりあえずカジキ) | August 22, 2006 (2006-08-22) |
| | "If You Go To Sleep With The Fan On You'll Get A Stomachache, So Be Careful"
Transliteration: "Senpūki tsukeppanashide neruto onaka kowashichau kara ki o tsukete" (Japanese: 扇風機つけっぱなしで寝るとおなか壊しちゃうから気をつけて) | |
|
| The Yorozuya help a kappa-like Amanto defend his lake from developers who want to get rid of it.
---  The Yorozuya's fan breaks in the middle of a heat wave and Gintoki gets involved in a bizarre plot while trying to get a new one. | | | | | | |
| 22 | 22 | "Marriage Is Prolonging An Illusion For Your Whole Life"
Transliteration: "Kekkon to wa kanchigai o isshōgai shitsuzukeru koto da" (Japanese: 結婚とは勘違いを一生涯し続けることだ) | September 5, 2006 (2006-09-05) |
| A mysterious nearsighted kunoichi suddenly appears alongside Gintoki, yet this turns out to be a ploy to use him for her latest mission. | | | | |
| 23 | 23 | "When You're In A Fix, Keep On Laughing, Laughing..."
Transliteration: "Komatta toki wa warattoke warattoke" (Japanese: 困ったときは笑っとけ笑っとけ) | September 12, 2006 (2006-09-12) |
| Kagura wins a trip to space for three. But while the Yorozuya are on the spaceship, so are a group of hijackers and Gintoki's old friend, Sakamoto. | | | | |
| 24 | 24 | "Cute Faces Are Always Hiding Something"
Transliteration: "Kawaii kao ni wa kanarazu nanikaga kakureteru" (Japanese: カワイイ顔には必ず何かが隠れてる) | September 19, 2006 (2006-09-19) |
| Gintoki gets roped into working at an okama bar, where he and Katsura work to try to help the owner's son come to grips with both sides of his father. | | | | |
| 25 | 25 | "A Shared Soup Pot Is A Microcosm Of Life"
Transliteration: "Nabe wa jinsei no shukuzu de aru" (Japanese: 鍋は人生の縮図である) | October 5, 2006 (2006-10-05) |
| The series is entering into its second season! But the Yorozuya have other concerns: a battle of wits and deception to take reign of the nabe pot! | | | | |
| 26 | 26 | "Don't Be Shy - Just Raise Your Hand And Say It"
Transliteration: "Hazukashi garazu ni te o agete ie" (Japanese: 恥ずかしがらずに手を挙げて言え) | October 12, 2006 (2006-10-12) |
| Shinpachi has a sudden meeting with an old friend who has joined a gang to get tougher. | | | | |
| 27 | 27 | "Some Things Can't Be Cut With A Sword"
Transliteration: "Katana ja kirenai mono ga aru" (Japanese: 刀じゃ斬れないものがある) | October 19, 2006 (2006-10-19) |
| Okita asks the Yorozuya to investigate an underground fighting ring, but the gang finds out that there's more to one of the members than it seems. | | | | |
| 28 | 28 | "Good Things Never Come In Twos (But Bad Things Do)"
Transliteration: "Ii koto wa renzoku shite okoranai kuse ni warui koto wa renzoku shite okoru mon da" (Japanese: いい事は連続して起こらないくせに悪い事は連続して起こるもんだ) | October 26, 2006 (2006-10-26) |
| Kondo is forced to go with his superior to make a report to the Amanto after the events that happened at the underground fighting ring. | | | | |
| 29 | 29 | "Don't Panic - There's A Return Policy!"
Transliteration: "Awateruna! Kūringu ofu to iu mono ga aru" (Japanese: 慌てるな!クーリングオフというものがある) | November 2, 2006 (2006-11-02) |
| | "I Told You To Pay Attention To The News!"
Transliteration: "Terebi toka shinbun toka chanto minaito damedatte" (Japanese: テレビとか新聞とかちゃんと見ないとダメだって) | |
|
| While trying to pawn off Gintoki's wooden sword, Kagura is attacked by a crazed sword collector, who believes that Gintoki's sword is the one he's been looking for.
---  The Yorozuya find themselves at ground zero of an invasion of space-cockroaches. | | | | | | |
| 30 | 30 | "Even Teen Idols Act Like You Guys"
Transliteration: "Aidoru datte hobo omaera to onaji koto yattendayo" (Japanese: アイドルだってほぼお前らと同じ事やってんだよ) | November 9, 2006 (2006-11-09) |
| Pop idol Otsu has been receiving threatening letters lately, and it is up to the Yorozuya to investigate. | | | | |
| 31 | 31 | "You Always Remember The Things That Matter The Least"
Transliteration: "Dōdemoii koto ni kagitte nakanaka wasurenai" (Japanese: どうでもいい事に限ってなかなか忘れない) | November 16, 2006 (2006-11-16) |
| While getting his usual JUMP, Gintoki gets into an accident and gets amnesia as a result. | | | | |
| 32 | 32 | "Life Moves On Like A Conveyor Belt"
Transliteration: "Jinsei wa beruto konbea no yōni nagareru" (Japanese: 人生はベルトコンベアのように流れる) | November 23, 2006 (2006-11-23) |
| After leaving Kagura and Shinpachi in order to let them live their own lives, the amnesiac Gintoki starts working at a Justaway factory that happens to be under suspicion by the Shinsengumi. | | | | |
| 33 | 33 | "Mistaking Someone's Name Is Rude!"
Transliteration: "Hito no namae toka machigaeru no shitsurei da" (Japanese: 人の名前とか間違えるの失礼だ) | November 30, 2006 (2006-11-30) |
| The Yorozuya receive two Amanto carpenters from Sakamoto as an apology for destroying their home two episodes back. | | | | |
| 34 | 34 | "Love Doesn't Require A Manual"
Transliteration: "Koi ni manyuaru nante iranai" (Japanese: 恋にマニュアルなんていらない) | December 7, 2006 (2006-12-07) |
| Shinpachi (inadvertently) saves a cat-eared Amanto girl being harassed on the train and in return, she wants to show her appreciation to him. | | | | |
| 35 | 35 | "Love Doesn't Require A Manual (Continued)"
Transliteration: "Koi ni manyuaru nante iranai (enchōsen)" (Japanese: 恋にマニュアルなんていらない(延長戦)) | December 14, 2006 (2006-12-14) |
| | "You Can't Judge A Person By His Appearance, Either"
Transliteration: "Gaiken dake de hito o handan shicha dame" (Japanese: 外見だけで人を判断しちゃダメ) | |
|
| Shinpachi discovers the true nature of the cat-eared Amanto as Gintoki, Kagura and Otae attempt to bring her down.
---  Matsudaira wants Kondou, Sougo, and Hijikata to help him take out his daughter's boyfriend at an amusement park. | | | | | | |
| 36 | 36 | "People With Dark Pasts Can't Shut Up"
Transliteration: "Sune ni kizu ga aruyatsu hodo yoku shaberu" (Japanese: すねに傷がある奴ほどよくしゃべる) | December 21, 2006 (2006-12-21) |
| One of Otae's colleagues runs into trouble with a bizarre cult run by a conman, and Otae enlists the Yorozuya to getting her money back. | | | | |
| 37 | 37 | "People Who Say That Santa Doesn't Really Exist Actually Want To Believe In Him"
Transliteration: "Santa nante inēndayotte iiharu yatsu koso honto wa irutte shinjitaindayo" (Japanese: サンタなんていねーんだよって言い張る奴こそホントはいるって信じたいんだよ) | December 28, 2006 (2006-12-28) |
| | "Prayer Won't Make Your Worldly Desires Go Away! Control Yourself"
Transliteration: "Bonnō ga kane de kieru kaaa onore de seigyo shiro onore de" (Japanese: 煩悩が鐘で消えるかァァ己で制御しろ己で) | |
|
| Gintoki meets Santa & his "reindeer" and attempts to improve their image and find the true meaning of Christmas.
---  On a rowdy New Year's Eve, Gintoki and Zenzou go head to head in order to obtain the last available copy of JUMP while further encountering more terrorists from the Justaway incident. | | | | | | |
| 38 | 38 | "Only Children Play In The Snow"
Transliteration: "Yuki de hashagu no kodomo dake" (Japanese: 雪ではしゃぐの子供だけ) | January 11, 2007 (2007-01-11) |
| | "Eating Ice Cream In Winter Is Awesome"
Transliteration: "Fuyu ni taberu aisu mo nakanaka otsu na monda" (Japanese: 冬に食べるアイスもなかなかオツなモンだ) | |
|
| Everyone in Kabuki-cho participates in the neighborhood snow building contest, causing one disaster after another.
---  The Yorozuya are hired to look after an old fireworks master gone senile from not doing what he loves. | | | | | | |
| 39 | 39 | "Ramen Shops With Long Menus Never Do Well"
Transliteration: "Menyū ga ōi rāmen'ya wa taitei hayattenai" (Japanese: メニューが多いラーメン屋はたいてい流行ってない) | January 18, 2007 (2007-01-18) |
| While injured and hiding from the Shinsengumi, Katsura ends up working at a ramen restaurant owned by Ikumatsu, a woman who hates the Joi Faction. | | | | |
| 40 | 40 | "Give A Thought To Planned Pregnancy"
Transliteration: "Kozukuri wa keikaku teki ni" (Japanese: 子作りは計画的に) | January 25, 2007 (2007-01-25) |
| Famed alien hunter Umibozu arrives in Edo, both to stop a parasitic menace... and to visit his daughter Kagura. | | | | |
| 41 | 41 | "You Can't Judge A Movie By Its Title"
Transliteration: "Taitoru dakeja eiga no omoshirosa wa wakannai" (Japanese: タイトルだけじゃ映画の面白さはわかんない) | February 1, 2007 (2007-02-01) |
| Shinpachi quits the Yorozuya and goes to try to save Kagura. Meanwhile, on Kagura's return ship, the former alien threat (Prince Hata's latest pet) is accidentally freed and all hell breaks loose... | | | | |
| 42 | 42 | "You Know What Happens If You Pee On A Worm"
Transliteration: "Mimizu ni oshikko kakeru to hareruyo" (Japanese: ミミズにおしっこかけると腫れるよ) | February 8, 2007 (2007-02-08) |
| Teaming up with Umibozu, Gintoki takes down the alien to save Kagura while trying to avoid the attacks of the Shogunate. | | | | |
| 43 | 43 | "Make Characters So Anybody Can Tell Who They Are By Just Their Silhouettes"
Transliteration: "Kyarakutā wa shiruetto dake de dokusha ni miwakega tsukuyōni kakimashō" (Japanese: キャラクターはシルエットだけで読者に見分けがつくように描きましょう) | February 15, 2007 (2007-02-15) |
| | "Since It Ended A Bit Early, We're Starting The Next One"
Transliteration: "Nanka hayaku owatchatta node jikai no hanashi o hajimechaou" (Japanese: なんか早く終わっちゃったので次回の話をはじめちゃおう) | |
|
| As Kagura tries to return to the Yorozuya, she witnesses the aftermath for the rest of the cast while Otae, Sa-chan, and Catherine all try to go for the series' heroine position.
---  Katsura enlists the Yorozuya to help him save Elizabeth, but the difficulty of sneaking in forces them to bring in an expert to help them: Sa-chan. | | | | | | |
| 44 | 44 | "Mom's Busy, Too, So Quit Complaining About What's For Dinner"
Transliteration: "Okāsan datte isogashiin dakara yūhan no menyū ni monku tsukeru no yamenasai" (Japanese: お母さんだって忙しいんだから夕飯のメニューに文句つけるの止めなさい) | February 22, 2007 (2007-02-22) |
| After completing their training with Sa-chan, Katsura and the Yorozuya head forth to save Elizabeth, only to face various traps and other ninjas standing in their way! | | | | |
| 45 | 45 | "Walk Your Dog At An Appropriate Speed"
Transliteration: "Aiken no sanpo wa tekido na supīdo de" (Japanese: 愛犬の散歩は適度なスピードで) | March 1, 2007 (2007-03-01) |
| Sadaharu becomes a demon that the Yorozuya tries to rescue with the help of former priestess sisters. | | | | |
| 46 | 46 | "Adults Only. We Wouldn't Want Anyone Immature In Here..."
Transliteration: "XX asobi wa hatachi ni natte kara" (Japanese: XX遊びは20歳になってから) | March 8, 2007 (2007-03-08) |
| Otae and one of Sadaharu's former priestess owners square off to keep their jobs by trying to out-earn each other. | | | | |
| 47 | 47 | "Do Cherries Come From Cherry Trees?"
Transliteration: "Sakuranbotte are sakura no ki ni naruno?" (Japanese: さくらんぼってアレ桜の木になるの?) | March 15, 2007 (2007-03-15) |
| The Yorozuya get a new neighbor, a frightening looking Amanto named Hedoro, and assume he's up to something. | | | | |
| 48 | 48 | "The More You're Alike, The More You Fight"
Transliteration: "Niteru futari wa kenka suru" (Japanese: 似てる二人は喧嘩する) | March 22, 2007 (2007-03-22) |
| | "Whatever You Play, Play To Win"
Transliteration: "Nande are yarukara niwa makecha dame" (Japanese: 何であれ やるからには負けちゃダメ) | |
|
| A group of assassins want to take Hijikata out. The problem: none of them really expected what would happen when he encounters Gintoki.
---  Gintoki, Shinpachi and Kagura encounter an old man who "forces" them to play games with him, at the same time the local ninja gather for the funeral of Hattori's father. | | | | | | |
| 49 | 49 | "A Life Without Gambling Is Like Sushi Without Wasabi"
Transliteration: "Gyanburu no nai jinsei nante wasabi nuki no sushi mitē na monda" (Japanese: ギャンブルのない人生なんてわさび抜きの寿司みてぇなもんだ) | March 29, 2007 (2007-03-29) |
| Gintoki and Hasegawa run into some gambling problems, forcing them and a gambling legend into a showdown with the Kabuki-cho casino queen. | | | | |

**General**

* "Gin Tama episodes (1-13)" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on 2009-06-23. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
* "Gin Tama episodes (14-26)" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on 2009-07-08. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
* "Gin Tama episodes (27-39)" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on 2009-07-07. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
* "Gin Tama episodes (40-52)" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on 2009-10-30. Retrieved 2009-06-24.

**Specific**

1. "Gin Tama episodes (1-13)" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on 2009-06-23. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
2. "Gin Tama episodes (40-52)" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on 2009-10-30. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
3. "Gin Tama staff" (in Japanese). TV Tokyo. Archived from the original on 2009-06-24. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
4. "銀魂 1 通常版". Aniplex. Archived from the original on April 29, 2015. Retrieved 2015-11-01.
5. "銀魂 第１期のDVD情報はこちら!!". Sunrise. Archived from the original on 2009-07-26. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
6. "Multinational, Same-Day Debuts of Shippuden, Gintama, Kurokami (Updated)". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
7. Beverdige, Chris (January 21, 2010). "Sentai Acquires Gintama, Asatte no Houkou and Cossette". Mania Entertainment. Archived from the original on January 23, 2010. Retrieved January 23, 2010.

## InfoBox

| *Gintama* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 1 | |
| No. of episodes | 49 |
| Release | |
| Original network | TV Tokyo |
| Original release | April 4, 2006 (2006-04-04)
March 29, 2007 (2007-03-29) |
| Season chronology | |
|


title: Gimry fighting

abstract: Gimry fighting took place between January 2 – January 5, 2006, near the village of Gimry in Daghestan.

text:
# Gimry fighting

**Gimry fighting** took place between January 2 – January 5, 2006, near the village of Gimry in Daghestan.

## The battle

The fighting happened on a mountain between some 3,000 Russian troops, including 1,500 special forces on one side and a group of estimated up to eight armed rebels (or 30 according to the Kavkaz Center version). The government forces were led by the Dagestani Interior Minister Adilgerei Magomedtagirov (the Ministry said the militant group included suspects in a recent assassination attempt on the Deputy Interior Minister that left his son dead).

Despite heavy artillery and aerial bombardment all the fighters managed to escape the encirclement back to the village, leaving behind only an abandoned dugout. At least three OMON and Spetznaz servicemen died and more than 10 were wounded in a three-day battle, some of them possibly by friendly fire. According to the separatist website, more than 50 Russian troops were "eliminated".

The government's plans to pacify the village of Gimry were initially dropped because of the village's symbolical importance as the historical birthplace of Imam Shamil. The large-scale cleansing operation in the village was however carried out in the winter of 2007-2008.

## InfoBox

| Gimry fighting | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of Second Chechen War | |
|
Village of Gimry | |
| Date January 2 – January 5, 2006  Location Near Gimry, Daghestan  Result * Russian victory * Rebel retreat | |
| Belligerents | |
| Russia | Daghestani rebels |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Adilgerei Magomedtagirov | ? |
| Strength | |
| Some 3,000 | Up to 8 to 30 |
| Casualties and losses | |
| At least 3 killed and 10+ wounded
Rebels claimed 50+ casualties | 1 or 2 (Russians claimed blood trails) |


title: Gibbula tingitana

abstract: Gibbula tingitana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

text:
# Gibbula tingitana

***Gibbula tingitana*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 2 mm and 5 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Western Mediterranean Sea and off Morocco (Tangiers).

## InfoBox

| *Gibbula tingitana* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Shell of *Gibbula tingitana* (syntype at MNHN, Paris) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Vetigastropoda |
| Order: | Trochida |
| Superfamily: | Trochoidea |
| Family: | Trochidae |
| Genus: | *Gibbula* |
| Species: | ***G. tingitana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Gibbula tingitana***<br>Pallary, 1902 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Gibbula tingitana* var. *dilatata* Pallary 1920 * *Gibbula tingitana var. nigra* Pallary, 1902 * *Gibbula tingitana* var. *pyramidata* Pallary 1920 | |


title: Miss Polski 2022

abstract: Miss Polski 2022 is the 33rd edition of Miss Polski held on July 17, 2022. Agata Wdowiak of Łódź crowned Aleksandra Klepaczka of Łódź as her successor at the end of the event.

text:
# Miss Polski 2022

**Miss Polski 2022** is the 33rd edition of Miss Polski held on July 17, 2022. Agata Wdowiak of Łódź crowned Aleksandra Klepaczka of Łódź as her successor at the end of the event.

## Contestants

24 contestants competed for the title of Miss Polski 2022:

| Representing | Finalist | Age |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Łódź | Aleksandra Gronowska | 27 |
| | **Aleksandra Klepaczka** | **22** |
| Lower Poland | Gabriela Chojnowska | 22 |
| | Patrycja Krzywoń | 23 |
| Lower Silesia | Aleksandra Wrześniewska | 23 |
| Lublin | Dominika Grabias | 22 |
| | Sylwia Stasińska | 23 |
| | Wiktoria Przybylska | 21 |
| Masovia | Katarzyna Minoł | 23 |
| | Magda Jasińska | 25 |
| | Maja Perzyna | 19 |
| | Natalia Czerw | 20 |
| | Natalia Konofalska | 23 |
| | Weronika Kujawa | 20 |
| | Zuzanna Wirtek | 26 |
| Podlasie | Karolina Wiszyńska | 27 |
| | Magadalena Story | 23 |
| Polish Community in the U.K. | Joanna Chokało | 23 |
| Polish Community in the U.S. | Olivia Nawrot | 19 |
| Silesia | Kamila Wiśniewska | 19 |
| | Justyna Jachnik | 23 |
| Upper Poland | Sara Borowiecka | 22 |
| Warmia-Masuria | Natalia Czerwińska | 19 |
| West Pomerania | Julia Maź | 19 |
|

1. "Miss Polski 2022. Najpiękniejsze Polki na zgrupowaniu przed finałem konkursu. Ich uroda zniewala!". *Telemagazyn* (in Polish). June 22, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
2. "Miss Polski 2022 – kto walczy o tytuł najpiękniejszej? Finalistki są już znane!". *Radio Super Nova* (in Polish). July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
3. "Miss Polski 2022. Kandydatki już trenują w Krynicy Zdroju. Finał konkursu odbędzie się w Nowym Sączu. Mamy zdjęcia!". *Olkusz Nasze Miasto* (in Polish). June 23, 2022. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
4. Połaski, Krzysztof (July 17, 2022). "Miss Polski 2022. Aleksandra Klepaczka jest najpiękniejszą Polką! Ile ma lat? Czym się zajmuje?". *telemagazyn.pl* (in Polish).
5. "24 finalistki Miss Polski 2022, a wśród nich Gabriela Chojnowska z Nowego Sącza". *Sądeczanin* (in Polish). June 13, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
6. "Miss Polski 2022 – uczestniczki. 24 dziewczyny, które zawalczą o tytuł najpiękniejszej \[GALERIA\]". *Radio Eska* (in Polish). June 20, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
7. "Miss Polski on Instagram: Miss Polski 2022 Contestants from 1 to 6". *Instagram* (in Polish). June 29, 2022. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
8. "Miss Polski on Instagram: Miss Polski 2022 Contestants from 7 to 12". *Instagram* (in Polish). June 29, 2022. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
9. "Miss Polski on Instagram: Miss Polski 2022 Contestants from 13 to 18". *Instagram* (in Polish). June 30, 2022. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
10. "Miss Polski on Instagram: Miss Polski 2022 Contestants from 19 to 24". *Instagram* (in Polish). June 30, 2022. Retrieved July 7, 2022.

## InfoBox

| Miss Polski 2022 | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | July 17, 2022 |
| Venue | Strzelecki Park Amphitheater, Nowy Sącz, Małopolska, Poland |
| Broadcaster | Polsat |
| Entrants | 24 |
| Placements | 10 |
| Withdrawals | Lubusz |
| Returns |  |
| Winner | Aleksandra Klepaczka<br>Łódź |
| Congeniality | Zuzanna Wirtek (Masovia) |
| Photogenic | Natalia Konofalska (Masovia) |
| Miss Internet | Olivia Nawrot (Polish community in the US) |
|


title: Uchiza Airport

abstract: Uchiza Airport is an airport serving the town of Uchiza in the San Martín Region of Peru. The runway is south of the town, alongside and between road 12A and a tributary of the Huallaga River.

text:
# Uchiza Airport

**Uchiza Airport** (IATA: **~~UCZ~~**, ICAO: **SPIZ**) is an airport serving the town of Uchiza in the San Martín Region of Peru. The runway is south of the town, alongside and between road 12A and a tributary of the Huallaga River.

## InfoBox

| Uchiza Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Serves | Uchiza |
| Elevation AMSL | 1,965 ft / 599 m |
| Coordinates | 8°28′25″S 76°27′38″W / 8.47361°S 76.46056°W / -8.47361; -76.46056 |
| Map | |
| **SPIZ**Location of the airport in Peru | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  m ft  01/19 1,170 3,839 Grass | |
| Source: GCM Google Maps | |


title: Uchiza District

abstract: Uchiza District is one of five districts of the province Tocache in Peru.

text:
# Uchiza District

**Uchiza District** is one of five districts of the province Tocache in Peru.

8°27′43″S 76°28′42″W / 8.4619°S 76.4784°W / -8.4619; -76.4784

## InfoBox

| Uchiza District | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Country | Peru |
| Region | San Martín |
| Province | Tocache |
| Founded | October 21, 1912 |
| Capital | Uchiza |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Segundo Emilio Nuñez Pantoja |
| Area | |
| Total | 723.73 km2 (279.43 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 544 m (1,785 ft) |
| Population (2005 census) | |
| Total | 19,293 |
| Density | 27/km2 (69/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
| UBIGEO | 221005 |


title: Ubaidur Rahman (politician)

abstract: Ubaidur Rahman is a Pakistani politician from Lower Dir District. He is currently serving as a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa since 28 February 2024.

text:
# Ubaidur Rahman (politician)

**Ubaidur Rahman** is a Pakistani politician from Lower Dir District. He is currently serving as a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa since 28 February 2024.

## Career

He contested the 2024 general elections as a Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf/Independent candidate from PK-17 Lower Dir-IV. He secured 23,229 votes. The runner-up was Izazul Mulk of Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan who secured 19,990 votes.

In July 2024 he was appointed as the District Development Advisory Committee Chairman Lower Dir by the Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

## InfoBox

| Ubaidur Rahman | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office** <br>28 February 2024 | |
| Constituency | PK-17 Lower Dir-IV |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Lower Dir District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
| Political party | PTI (2024-present) |
|  | |


title: Miriam Segabutla

abstract: Miriam Reshoketsoe Keneiloe Segabutla is a South African politician who served as Limpopo's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Health and Social Development from May 2009 to January 2011 during the premiership of Cassel Mathale. In 2013, she was charged with fraud and corruption in connection with contracts that her department had tendered during her time as MEC. She is a member of the African National Congress (ANC) and served on the party's National Executive Committee from 2012 to 2017.

text:
# Miriam Segabutla

**Miriam Reshoketsoe Keneiloe Segabutla** (born 1960 or 1961) is a South African politician who served as Limpopo's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Health and Social Development from May 2009 to January 2011 during the premiership of Cassel Mathale. In 2013, she was charged with fraud and corruption in connection with contracts that her department had tendered during her time as MEC. She is a member of the African National Congress (ANC) and served on the party's National Executive Committee from 2012 to 2017.

## Career in government

In the 2009 general election, Segabutla was ranked 24th on the ANC's provincial party list and secured election to a seat in the Limpopo Provincial Legislature. After the election, on 6 May 2009, newly elected Premier Cassel Mathale announced that she would join the Limpopo Executive Council as MEC for Health and Social Development, replacing Seaparo Sekoati. She served in that office until 28 January 2011, when she was removed in a cabinet reshuffle and replaced by Dikeledi Magadzi.

Later in 2011, President Jacob Zuma appointed Segabutla as South Africa's Ambassador to Cuba. She resigned from the Limpopo Provincial Legislature and embarked upon a diplomatic training course in Pretoria. The following year, at the ANC's 53rd National Conference in Mangaung in December 2012, Segabutla was elected to a five-year term as a member of the ANC's National Executive Committee; by number of votes received, she ranked 73rd of the 80 ordinary members elected. She later worked as a chief director in the national Department of International Relations and Cooperation.

## Fraud charges

In June 2010, while still serving as MEC, Segabutla was the subject of a formal complaint lodged with the Public Protector relating to alleged procurement irregularities. The incumbent Public Protector, Thuli Madonsela, initiated an investigation, which continued after Segabutla was fired from the Executive Council. Madonsela's report, published in February 2013 and titled *Befuddled Interest*, concluded that Segabutla had made herself vulnerable to a conflict of interest and therefore had "acted in a manner that is inconsistent with the position that she occupied, and that was not in the best interests of the department".

On 26 March 2013, Segabutla was arrested by the Hawks and charged with fraud in the Polokwane Magistrate's Court. Her co-accused were two businessmen, Pieter Erasmus and Jonny Lucas, whose companies had signed the 2010 contracts with Segabutla's department. The contracts were worth a combined 16 million and had been awarded without a competitive tender process. In addition, according to *City Press*, there was evidence that the companies had provided Segabutla and her family with kickbacks worth at least R154,000 between 2009 and 2010.

She was released on 25,000 bail, but the ANC – through spokesman Jackson Mthembu – urged Segabutla to refrain from participating in party leadership activities until her name had been cleared. In 2017, the trial remained ongoing and *Eyewitness News* reported that Segabutla's attorney, Gert van der Merwe, had turned state's witness. In a leaked affidavit, van der Merwe apparently described how he had helped to channel funds from Lucas to Segabutla.

## Personal life

Segabutla was married to Phillip Segabutla, a public servant in the provincial government, with whom she has a daughter named Precious. She filed for divorce in 2010.

## InfoBox

| Miriam Segabutla | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Limpopo Executive Council for Health and Social Development | |
| **In office**<br>6 May 2009  28 January 2011 | |
| Premier | Cassel Mathale |
| Preceded by | Seaparo Sekoati |
| Succeeded by | Dikeledi Magadzi |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1960 or 1961 (age 63–64) |
| Citizenship | South Africa |
| Political party | African National Congress |
|  | |


title: USS Honeysuckle

abstract: USS Honeysuckle was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Navy as a gunboat to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries. At war's end, she was converted to a storeship before eventually being decommissioned.

text:
# USS Honeysuckle

**USS *Honeysuckle*** was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.

She was used by the Navy as a gunboat to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries. At war's end, she was converted to a storeship before eventually being decommissioned.

## Built in New York in 1862

*Honeysuckle*, a wooden screw steamer, was built as *William G. Fargo* in 1862 at Buffalo, New York, and was purchased 19 August 1863 at New York from her owner, Frank Perew. Renamed *Honeysuckle*, she commissioned at New York Navy Yard 3 December 1863, Acting Ensign Cyrus Sears commanding.

## Civil War operations

### Assigned to the blockade of the Florida coast

Intended for use as a tug and offshore blockader, *Honeysuckle* departed New York 24 December 1863 and sailed by way of Hampton Roads, Virginia, and Charleston, South Carolina, to Key West, Florida, arriving about 8 January 1864.

There she was assigned a blockading station in the Gulf of Mexico west of the Florida coast as part of the East Gulf Blockading Squadron. In the next few months the ship was very active, tightening the noose of the blockade. She captured *Fly* 11 January, *Florida* 20 March, and *Miriam* 27 April 1864.

### Serving various operational roles in the Florida area

Early in May *Honeysuckle* served as a dispatch vessel at Key West and during the next 2 months was hit by an epidemic of yellow fever among the crew. In August she became a supply vessel, making one notable trip to Indian River with medical supplies for *J. S. Chambers*, a ship stricken with fever. *Honeysuckle* continued to act as a supply vessel and tug until December 1864, when she was reassigned to active blockade duty after a repair period at Key West. Taking up station off Cedar Keys, she captured three more blockade runners in early 1865: *Augusta*, 17 January; *Sort*, 28 February; and *Phantom*, 2 March.

## Final operations and decommissioning

*Honeysuckle* sailed to Tampa, Florida, at war's end, and thence to New York where she decommissioned 30 June 1865. Sold to a private buyer, she became merchant ship *Honeysuckle* late in 1865 and remained active until 1900.

*This article incorporates text from the public domain* Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships*. The entry can be found here.*

## InfoBox

| *Honeysuckle* \- oil-on-canvas painting by William Gaye Yorke | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Ordered | as *William G. Fargo* |
| Laid down | date unknown |
| Launched | 1862 |
| Acquired | 19 August 1863 |
| Commissioned | 3 December 1863 |
| Decommissioned | 30 June 1865 |
| Stricken | 1865 (est.) |
| Fate | Sold, 1865 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement | 241 tons |
| Length | 123 ft (37 m) |
| Beam | 20 ft 2 in (6.15 m) |
| Draught | 10 ft (3.0 m) |
| Propulsion |  |
| Speed | 12 knots |
| Complement | not known |
| Armament | two 20-pounder guns |