title: Ogataea methanolica

abstract:
Ogataea methanolica is a homothallic haploid organism that offers many of the advantages of a eukaryotic expression system such as protein processing and protein folding, while being as easy to manipulate as E. coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is faster, easier, and less expensive to use than other eukaryotic expression systems such as baculovirus or mammalian tissue culture, and generally gives higher expression levels. As a yeast, it shares the advantages of molecular and genetic manipulations with Saccharomyces, and it has the added
advantage of 10- to 100-fold higher heterologous protein expression levels. These features make P. methanolica very useful as a protein expression system.

text:
# Ogataea methanolica

***Ogataea methanolica*** is a homothallic haploid organism that offers many of the advantages of a eukaryotic expression system such as protein processing and protein folding, while being as easy to manipulate as *E. coli* or *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*. It is faster, easier, and less expensive to use than other eukaryotic expression systems such as baculovirus or mammalian tissue culture, and generally gives higher expression levels. As a yeast, it shares the advantages of molecular and genetic manipulations with Saccharomyces, and it has the added advantage of 10- to 100-fold higher heterologous protein expression levels. These features make *P. methanolica* very useful as a protein expression system.

## InfoBox

| *Ogataea methanolica* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Saccharomycetes |
| Order: | Saccharomycetales |
| Family: | Pichiaceae |
| Genus: | *Ogataea* |
| Species: | ***O. methanolica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Ogataea methanolica***<br>(Makig.) Kurtzman & Robnett 2010 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pichia cellobiosa* J.D. Lee & Komag. 1980\< * *Pichia aganobii* Urakami & Michimi 1977 * *Pichia methanolica* Makig. 1974 | |


title: Whiptail catfish

abstract: Whiptail catfish is a species of armored catfish endemic to Colombia where it is found in the Magdalena River basin and is suspected to also occur in the Catatumbo River. This species grows to a length of 26 centimetres (10 in) SL. D. filamentosa is found in the aquarium trade.

text:
# Whiptail catfish

**Whiptail catfish** (***Dasyloricaria filamentosa***) is a species of armored catfish endemic to Colombia where it is found in the Magdalena River basin and is suspected to also occur in the Catatumbo River. This species grows to a length of 26 centimetres (10 in) SL. *D. filamentosa* is found in the aquarium trade.

* Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "*Dasyloricaria filamentosa*". *FishBase*. December 2011 version.

## InfoBox

| Whiptail catfish | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Loricariidae |
| Genus: | *Dasyloricaria* |
| Species: | ***D. filamentosa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Dasyloricaria filamentosa***
(Steindachner, 1878) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Dasyloricaria seminuda* Eigenmann & Vance, 1912
*Loricaria filamentosa* Steindachner, 1878
*Loricaria seminuda* Eigenmann & Vance, 1912 | |


title: Zeynəddin

abstract: Zeynəddin is a village and municipality in the Babek District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 2,377.

text:
# Zeynəddin

**Zeynəddin** is a village and municipality in the Babek District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 2,377.

## InfoBox

| Zeynəddin | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Zeynəddin | |
| Coordinates: 39°14′55″N 45°28′00″E / 39.24861°N 45.46667°E / 39.24861; 45.46667 | |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Autonomous republic | Nakhchivan |
| District | Babek |
| Population | |
| Total | 2,377 |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |


title: MS-74

abstract: MS-74 was a limited edition Soviet sniper rifle, made by Yevgeny Dragunov in 1949 at Izhevsk Machinebuilding Plant. The weapon was based on the Mosin Nagant 1891/31 sniper rifle chambered in a 7.62×54mmR cartridge. The main goal of development of the rifle was to increase accuracy and improve the comfort. It was tested and recommended for use, but was neither manufactured or fielded by the Red Army in any significant quantity.

text:
# MS-74

**MS-74** (No.74 Factory's Modernized *Sniper Rifle*) was a limited edition Soviet sniper rifle, made by Yevgeny Dragunov in 1949 at Izhevsk Machinebuilding Plant. The weapon was based on the Mosin Nagant 1891/31 sniper rifle chambered in a 7.62×54mmR cartridge. The main goal of development of the rifle was to increase accuracy and improve the comfort. It was tested and recommended for use, but was neither manufactured or fielded by the Red Army in any significant quantity.

## InfoBox

| MS-74 | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Sniper rifle |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Production history | |
| Designer | E. F. Dragunov |
| Designed | 1949 |
| Manufacturer | Izhevsk Machinebuilding Plant |
| Produced | 1949 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 4.84 kg |
| --- | |
| Cartridge | 7.62×54mmR |
| Feed system | 5-round box magazine |
| Sights | optical sight and iron sights |


title: Tiwian Kendley

abstract: Tiwian Kendley is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Freseros de Irapuato of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP). He played college basketball for Morgan State.

text:
# Tiwian Kendley

**Tiwian Kendley** (born March 26, 1995) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Freseros de Irapuato of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP). He played college basketball for Morgan State.

## Early life

Kendley grew up in the Abraham Lincoln projects in Harlem. At the age of 15, he moved to Greenbelt, Maryland, where he played basketball at Eleanor Roosevelt High School.

## College career

Kendley played two seasons at Lamar Community College in Lamar, Colorado, scoring over 1,000 points in two seasons before transferring to Morgan State University. He was recruited by assistant coach Glenroy Palmer, his former coach on the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) circuit. As a junior, Kendley was named to the First Team All-Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) despite missing seven games due to injury. He averaged 21 points per game. Kendley was suspended the first 10 games of his senior season due to violating team rules. In his first game back on December 22, 2017, Kendley scored 31 points against George Mason. He scored a career-high 41 points to go with six rebounds, five assists and two steals against Bethune–Cookman on February 19, 2018. Kendley was twice named MEAC Player of the Week and was named to the All-Tournament Team as a senior. He averaged 26.1 points, 4.0 rebounds and 2.1 steals per game. In 44 games, he finished with 1,032 career points, becoming the fastest player in school history to score 1,000 points.

## Professional career

After going undrafted in the 2018 NBA draft, Kendley signed with the Washington Wizards for the NBA Summer League. He averaged 9.0 points, 2.5 rebounds, 2.0 steals and 2.0 assists per game. In September 2018 he signed an Exhibit 10 deal with the Wizards. Kendley was waived by the Wizards on October 14. He was then added to the training camp roster of the Wizards’ NBA G League affiliate, the Capital City Go-Go.

On February 21, 2019, Kendley was traded along with 2019 fourth-round pick to the Windy City Bulls for Dikembe Dixson and a 2019 third-round pick.

In March 2020, Kendley joined the Gigantes de Jalisco of the Mexican Circuito de Baloncesto de la Costa del Pacífico (CIBACOPA). In two games, he averaged 21.5 points, 4.5 rebounds, 1.5 assists and 1.5 steals per game.

On February 22, 2021, Kendley signed with KB Vëllaznimi of the Kosovo Basketball Superleague.

On October 23, 2021, Kendley signed with the South Bay Lakers as a free agent. However, he only played four games for the team, recording averages of 0.8 points, 0.5 rebounds and 0.3 assists per game. Kendley was waived on January 31, 2022.

Kendley then signed with the Wisconsin Herd, making his debut for the team on February 3, 2022, against the Lakeland Magic. On February 26, he scored 30 points in a defeat to the Westchester Knicks.

In 2023, Kendley signed with the Freseros de Irapuato, an expansion team in the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP).

## Personal life

Kendly graduated from Morgan State in 2018 with a bachelor's degree in communications.

## InfoBox

Tiwian Kendley
| Tiwian Kendley at Washington Wizards media day, 2018 | |
| --- | --- |
| Free agent | |
| Position | Shooting guard / small forward |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1995-03-26) March 26, 1995
Harlem, New York |
| Nationality | American |
| Listed height | 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) |
| Listed weight | 190 lb (86 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school | Eleanor Roosevelt
(Greenbelt, Maryland) |
| College |  |
| NBA draft | 2018: undrafted |
| Playing career | 2018–present |
| Career history | |
| 2018–2019 | Capital City Go-Go |
| 2019 | Windy City Bulls |
| 2020 | Gigantes de Jalisco |
| 2021 | Vëllaznimi |
| 2021–2022 | South Bay Lakers |
| 2022 | Wisconsin Herd |
| 2023 | Freseros de Irapuato |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
| * First-team All-MEAC (2017) | |
|  | |


title: Tiny Hill

abstract: Harry Lawrence "Tiny" Hill (July 19, 1906 – December 13, 1971) was an American band leader of the big band era. During the height of his career, Hill was billed as "America's Biggest Bandleader" because of his weight of over 365 lb (166 kg). His signature song was "Angry", which he first recorded in 1939 on the Vocalion label. He used sandpaper blocks and a güiro to generate a double shuffle "beat that makes the listener itch to dance".

text:
# Tiny Hill

**Harry Lawrence** "**Tiny**" **Hill** (July 19, 1906  December 13, 1971) was an American band leader of the big band era. During the height of his career, Hill was billed as "America's Biggest Bandleader" because of his weight of over 365 lb (166 kg). His signature song was "Angry", which he first recorded in 1939 on the Vocalion label. He used sandpaper blocks and a *güiro* to generate a double shuffle "beat that makes the listener itch to dance".

## Early life

Hill was born in Sullivan Township, Moultrie County, Illinois. His parents were William Fred Hill (1880–1915) and Osa Crowdson Ault (1890–1982). His parents separated when he was seven years old and he went to live with an aunt. He was active in high school sports and was president of his senior class. He graduated from Sullivan High School in 1924. Hill then attended Illinois State Normal School for two years. Financial difficulties forced him to leave college to go to work. He went to Detroit, where he worked in a produce warehouse. After a series of short term jobs, he ended up driving a team of mules for the Midwest Canning Company in Rochelle, Illinois.

## His own band

In 1931 Hill formed his first big band, which was known as the "Fat Man's Band". Hill played the drums with the trio, which played for several years in and around Decatur, Illinois. In 1934 Hill joined the Byron Dunbar band in Decatur as a drummer and vocalist. After a year with Dunbar, Hill left to form his own band, taking many of Dunbar's band members with him. They had their first appearance at the Ingleterra Ballroom in Peoria, Illinois on October 31, 1935.

Members of Hill's new band were Dick Coffeen and Harold King on trumpets; John Noreuil on trombone, Jim Shielf on piano, and Reightno Corrington on bass. The reed section included Bobby Walters, Bob Kramar and Nook Schreier, who also did arranging. The group's style was Dixieland jazz and hillbilly music. Their theme song was "Dream Girl". By 1937 the band was playing its warm and easy-to-dance-to music three nights a week to packed audiences at the Ingleterra Ballroom.

In September 1939, the band was heard over Remote WGN Radio broadcasts from the Melody Mill Ballroom in the Chicago suburb of North Riverside, Illinois. The band played for several years at the Melody Mill and acquired a large following throughout the Midwest.

Augmented by vocalists such as Allen De Witt, Bob Freeman, Irwin Bendell and Hill himself, the group's popularity soon extended to Nebraska, Missouri and Iowa, growing steadily throughout the 30s and 40s. Soon the band was playing in ballrooms coast to coast. Hill toured the country for a while and landed on the coast to play four months at the Casino Gardens, Ocean Park, California. He returned to Chicago in 1942. Further appearances included Aragon and Trianon in Chicago and The Rainbow Ballroom in Denver.

In 1943, Hill and his orchestra became the summer replacement band on the Lucky Strike *Your Hit Parade* radio show.

Hill was featured on the cover of the September 23, 1944, edition of *Billboard* magazine.

In 1945, he was hired as folk music director at Mercury Records. He was featured again on the cover of *Billboard* magazine on August 4, 1945.

He resigned as country A&R man at Mercury in March 1948.

At a performance at the Trianon Ballroom, South Gate, California, June 18, 1946, booked by MCA, the members of the orchestra consisted of:

* Vocalists: Tiny Hill, Buddy Milton, Bobby Anderson, Russ Phillips
* Cornets: Sterling Bose, Bobby Anderson
* Trombones: Harry Taff, Russ Phillips, Jimmy James
* Saxes: Buddy Walden, Bobby Walter, Vic Jaroney, Jim Turner
* Rhythm: Buddy Milton, guitar; Clarence (Penny) Pfiefer, drums; Pat Paterson, bass; Jimmy Shields, piano
* Arrangers: Wally Fobart, Ralph Morse, Bobby Walter, Bobby Anderson

Hill and his band continued to enjoy success for many years, well into the 1950s, until the end of the big band era.

## Married life

Hill was married three times. He was first married to Alta M. Blystone (née Frederick) from Sullivan, Illinois. She traveled with Hill and his mother, cooking meals for the band when they were on the road.

On May 1, 1946, Hill married 31-year-old Jenny Lou Carson, a county music singer and songwriter. The couple purchased a log cabin on Naches Pass near Mount Rainier, Washington in 1948. The couple had a successful business partnership, with Hill performing many of Carson's songs and eventually recording eleven of her songs, including "Never Trust A Woman" in 1947. Hill's mother did not like Carson. Carson filed for divorce in April 1949; it became final on July 5, 1949.

On March 7, 1957, Hill married Catherine Marie Pearson (1922-1958), a native of Joplin, Missouri.

Hill's band performed in ballrooms across the country and on radio and recording such songs as "Angry", "Sioux City Sue", "Heartaches", "I'll Sail My Ship Alone", "Who's Sorry Now?", "Five Foot Two, Eyes of Blue", "I'm Looking Over a Four Leaf Clover", "Move It On Over", "Mockin' Bird Hill", If You Knew Susie, and "Slow Poke".

In 1951 Hill had a hit with a cover of "Hot Rod Race" written by George Wilson.

In all, Hill made over 95 recordings on six different labels.

## Later years

In January 1950, Hill moved to Colorado where he would spend time when not on the road. He purchased a 140-acre (0.57 km2) dairy farm at Fort Lupton named Mountain View. In 1951, the band traveled 46,000 miles (74,000 km) in ten months. In 1952, the band racked up 61,000 miles (98,000 km) in 11 months, in his fleet of Packard automobiles. Fast cars were one of Hill's hobbies. In 1951 and again in 1952, the band was his guests at the Indianapolis Memorial Day Races. Another of his hobbies was cooking. In 1956, Hill opened Radio Station KHIL in Brighton, Colorado.

He eventually spent less time on the road and more time with his business interests.

Despite the ending of the Big Bands era, Hill continued to play in small combos in the Denver-Brighton area, often returning to the Midwest for guest appearances. Undeterred by the decline in the commercial appeal of the big band sound, Hill resolutely remained at the helm of the combo until his death in 1971. His final public performance was to a capacity audience in Emden, Illinois, on July 17, 1971. The inscription on his tombstone reads: "Forgotten quickly by many, remembered forever by a few."

Today, the Tiny Hill Orchestra is based in the Ozark Theatre of St. Louis, Missouri, in the summer months and in south Texas during the winter. Performances feature the historic hit records, previously unreleased period pieces and contemporary music. The orchestra is directed by arranger and multi instrumentalist, Dan Stevens.

## Selected discography of the Tiny Hill band

* "Angry" (Mecum, Brunies & Cassard) - August 1939 Vocalion Records 4957
* "Mickey" - Voc. Erwin Bendel, November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5445, mx.25576
* "Please Don't Talk About Me When I'm Gone" - November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5445, mx.25568
* "Dream Girl" - August 14, 1939, Vocalion 5060, mx.W-26005-A
* "Doodle Doo Doo" - August 14, 1939, Vocalion 5060, mx.W-26006-A
* "Every Little Movement" - August 14, 1939, Vocalion 5128, mx.26007-A
* "Mama's Gone, Goodbye" - August 14, 1939, Vocalion 5128, mx.26008-A
* "Jingle Bells" - November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5248, mx.25569-1
* "For He's (A) Jolly Good Fellow" - November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5248, mx.25575-1
* "Auld Lang Syne" - Voc. Erwin Bendel - November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5275, mx.25567-1
* "I'll Keep On Loving You" - November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5275, mx.25566-1
* "Skirts" - November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5340, mx.25570
* "I Get The Blues When It Rains" - November 21, 1939, Vocalion 5340, mx.25573
* "Five Foot Two, Eyes of Blue" - July 1940, Okeh Records 05635
* "Sioux City Sue" - February 1946 Mercury Records 2024
* "If You Knew Susie" (DeSylvia & Meyer) January 1948, Mercury Records, 6976
* "Move It On Over" - 1952, Mercury Records 70029

## Further reading

* Many Tears Ago – The Life and Times of Jenny Lou Carson, Arnold Rogers & Jerry Langley, Nova/Nashville Books © 2005 ISBN 0-9628452-4-8
* *Decatur Tribune*, Paul Osborne, pg 4, August 26, 2009

## InfoBox

| Tiny Hill | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Harry Lawrence Hill |
| Born | (1906-07-19)July 19, 1906 |
| Origin | Sullivan, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | December 13, 1971(1971-12-13) (aged 65) |
| Genres | Jazz
Big band |
| Occupation | Bandleader |
| Instrument(s) | Drums
Banjo
Güiro |
| Years active | 1931–1971 |
| Labels | Vocalion, Okeh, Columbia, Harmony, Decca, Mercury |


title: To Go Home

abstract: To Go Home is an EP released by M. Ward in 2007 for Merge Records. The title track, originally by Daniel Johnston, is also found on M. Ward's 2006 album Post-War.

text:
# To Go Home

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Pitchfork* | 5.7/10 link |

***To Go Home*** is an EP released by M. Ward in 2007 for Merge Records. The title track, originally by Daniel Johnston, is also found on M. Ward's 2006 album *Post-War*.

## Track listing

All songs by Matt Ward except where noted.

1. "To Go Home" (Daniel Johnston) – 4:04
2. "Cosmopolitan Pap" – 1:58
3. "Human Punching Bag" – 3:04
4. "Headed for a Fall" (Jimmie Dale Gilmore) – 5:32

## InfoBox

| To Go Home | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by M. Ward | |
| Released | February 20, 2007 |
| Genre | Folk |
| Length | 14:38 |
| Label | Merge (US)
4AD (Europe) |
| Producer | M. Ward |
| M. Ward chronology | |
| *Post-War*
(2006) ***To Go Home***
(2007) *Hold Time*
(2009) | |


title: Tiphioidea

abstract: Tiphioidea is a suggested superfamily of stinging wasps in the order Hymenoptera. There are three families in Tiphioidea, Bradynobaenidae, Tiphiidae, and Sierolomorphidae. Recent research in molecular phylogenetics has resulted in the reorganization of the infraorder Aculeata, which now contains eight superfamilies: Apoidea, Chrysidoidea, Formicoidea, Pompiloidea, Scolioidea, Tiphioidea, Thynnoidea, and Vespoidea.

text:
# Tiphioidea

**Tiphioidea** is a suggested superfamily of stinging wasps in the order Hymenoptera. There are three families in Tiphioidea, Bradynobaenidae, Tiphiidae, and Sierolomorphidae.

Recent research in molecular phylogenetics has resulted in the reorganization of the infraorder Aculeata, which now contains eight superfamilies: Apoidea, Chrysidoidea, Formicoidea, Pompiloidea, Scolioidea, Tiphioidea, Thynnoidea, and Vespoidea.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Tiphioidea | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Sierolomorpha canadensis* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Infraorder: | Aculeata |
| Superfamily: | Tiphioidea |
|


title: Toberman House

abstract: Toberman Settlement House is a non-profit neighborhood center providing services to low-income residents of Los Angeles. Its efforts are aimed at helping individuals and families move from poverty to self-sufficiency. Founded in 1903 by Mayor James R. Toberman in honor of his son Homer Toberman who died of influenza in 1901, Toberman house is the oldest charity in the city of Los Angeles, and the oldest United Methodist mission project in the Western U.S. It was originally located in Echo Park, but moved to Boyle Heights in 1917, then San Pedro in 1937. Toberman House offers a wide range of social services, ranging from state-licensed K through 5 childcare, and afterschool care, to a senior's club.

text:
# Toberman House

**Toberman Settlement House** is a non-profit neighborhood center providing services to low-income residents of Los Angeles. Its efforts are aimed at helping individuals and families move from poverty to self-sufficiency. Founded in 1903 by Mayor James R. Toberman in honor of his son Homer Toberman who died of influenza in 1901, Toberman house is the oldest charity in the city of Los Angeles, and the oldest United Methodist mission project in the Western U.S. It was originally located in Echo Park, but moved to Boyle Heights in 1917, then San Pedro in 1937. Toberman House offers a wide range of social services, ranging from state-licensed K through 5 childcare, and afterschool care, to a senior's club.


title: Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus

abstract: Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus was a Roman statesman and general who served as consul six times. Titus Quinctius was a member of the gens Quinctia, one of the oldest patrician families in Rome. He was the son of Lucius Quinctius and grandson of Lucius Quinctius. He was possibly the brother of Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, who was suffect consul in 460 BC, and dictator in 458 BC and 439 BC. His son, who bore the same name, Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus, was elected consul in 421 BC and was possibly the military tribune with consular power in 405 BC. According to Livy, Titus Quinctius was still alive in 423 BC, aged 90 years.

text:
# Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus

**Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus** (513 BC  after 423 BC) was a Roman statesman and general who served as consul six times. Titus Quinctius was a member of the gens Quinctia, one of the oldest patrician families in Rome.

He was the son of Lucius Quinctius and grandson of Lucius Quinctius. He was possibly the brother of Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, who was suffect consul in 460 BC, and dictator in 458 BC and 439 BC. His son, who bore the same name, Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus, was elected consul in 421 BC and was possibly the military tribune with consular power in 405 BC.

According to Livy, Titus Quinctius was still alive in 423 BC, aged 90 years.

## Consulships

### First Consulship

In 471 BC Titus Quinctius was elected consul with Appius Claudius Sabinus as his colleague. The latter was chosen by the Senate because of his uncompromising character as well as his father's hostility towards the plebs. Appius was expected to lead the fight against the bill proposed by the tribune of the plebs, Volero Publilius, who wanted to introduce the election of the tribunes of the plebs by the Tribal Assembly, tribe by tribe, thus excluding the vote of the patricians and their clients. If the law was ratified, the tribunes would gain greater political independence from the patricians and thus prevent them from influencing their selection and their actions.

After the turmoil in 473 BC, which was caused by the blockage of an agrarian law three years before and the death of a tribune who attempted to bring to justice former consuls, there was more unrest among the Roman people. The consul Titus Quinctius became a peacemaker, unlike Appius who strongly opposed the tribunes. Titus Quinctius barely managed to calm the crowd by adopting a more conciliatory approach. He forced Appius to retreat into the Curia Hostilia. There the senators urged Appius to abandon his intransigent attitude because it could lead to serious civil unrest. Isolated and deprived of political support, Appius was unable to do anything but permit the vote. The law, Lex Publilia Voleronis, was finally proclaimed.

Recognizing that political turmoil had weakened Rome, the Volsci and Aequi raided Roman territory. Titus Quinctius was given command against the Aequi and Appius against the Volscians. Appius struggled to maintain order in the ranks of his army and resorted to decimation to restore discipline. In contrast, the campaign against the Aequi proceeded without dissension. Indeed his troops returned to Rome with praises for Quinctius, calling him their 'parent'. The Aequi were forced to give up territory to the Romans. Titus Qinctius distributed all the captured loot to his men and returned to Rome victorious, as well as having succeeded in reconciling the plebs and the Senate.

### Second Consulship

In 468 BC, the plebeians and patricians were still fighting each other over reforms to agrarian laws, with the people refusing to take part in the consular elections. The patricians and their clients elected Titus Quinctius for a second time with Quintus Servilius Priscus Structus as his colleague. Once again a war erupted which required the mobilization of the people, temporarily putting an end to the internal strife. The Sabines marched on Rome, while the Volscians stirred once more. Servilius pushed back the Sabines while Titus Quinctius led his men against the Volscians.

In an initial engagement the Romans were almost defeated, but Quinctius lifted their spirits by telling each wing of the army that the other was having great success. Thus re-animated, the Romans won the day. A period of rest followed, as both sides re-grouped. Then the Volsci launched a night attack on the Roman camp. But the consul kept the enemy at bay with a cohort of the allied Hernici, together with mounted trumpeters (the cornicines and tubicines to make the enemy think the Romans were about to make a counter-attack. This kept the enemy on edge during the night, and allowed the Romans a good sleep.

The next day Titus Quinctius followed a clever strategy that allowed him to avoid defeat because of the numerical inferiority of his army. During the battle the Romans repelled the first enemy line before facing the bulk of the opposing army positioned on a hill. Titus Quinctius hesitated, but his men were impatient and finally he gave the order to attack. The Volscians, supported by the Aequi, easily pushed back the first Roman ranks who then fled. Titus Quinctius courageously led his men to reach the top of the hill, pushed the enemy back to their camp which the Romans captured. Titus Quinctius was victorious and pushed his advantage by leading his army towards Antium, the capital of the Volsci. The town surrendered after a short siege, as the Volsci were unable to withstand the Romans after their recent defeat. Titus Quinctius returned to Rome and celebrated a triumph.

### Establishment of a colony at Antium

In 467 BC, the two elected consuls, Tiberius Aemilius Mamercinus and Quintus Fabius Vibulanus, faced new tensions over the agrarian question. The tribunes of the plebs denounced the rich patricians, who monopolized public lands, and demanded fairer land distribution.

To avoid a new internal crisis, the consul Mamercinus proposed to establish a Latin colony at Antium, the Volscian town recently captured by the Romans and located on the coast. Titus Quinctius, Aulus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus and Publius Furius Medullinus Fusus were appointed as commissioners (triumviri coloniae deducendae) to distribute the land and assign it to volunteer settlers. According to Livy, there were very few volunteers and so Volscians were added to the volunteers who established the Latin colony of Antium.

### Third Consulship

In 465 BC, Titus Quinctius was elected consul for the third time. His fellow consul Quintus Fabius Vibulanus sent an embassy to the Aequi which failed to negotiate a peace. The Aequi began ravaging the Latin countryside, and both consuls with separate Roman armies together fought and defeated the enemy at Algidum.

The Aequi returned to continue ravaging the Latin countryside. Panic ensued at Rome, and Quinctius returned to the city, declared the justitium and appointed Quintus Servilius Priscus Structus as praefectus urbi whilst both consuls were absent. Quinctius then marched to engage the enemy, but he could not locate them, and returned to Rome calling an end to the justitium after four days. Meanwhile his colleague Fabius engaged and defeated the Aequi and ravaged the Aequian lands.

The same year, Quinctius held a lustrum to mark the end of a census. The count of Roman citizens was recorded as 124,214.

### Proconsulate

The following year, consuls Aulus Postumius Albus Regillensis and Spurius Furius Fusus Medullinus led two separate campaigns against the Aequi and their allies who were preparing once again for war. Fusus was defeated in Hernici territory and his camp besieged. In Rome, the Senate gave Titus Quinctius proconsular powers with the mission to rescue the besieged consul, at the head of an army of Latin and Hernici allies. In the besieged camp, the Romans were cornered and the consul was wounded. Titus Quinctius arrived at the Battle of Corbio with his army and attacked the Aequi from behind while the consul's army, in a last effort, found a way out of the siege. The Romans then encircled and defeated their enemies. As his force was returning to Rome, Quinctius helped Postumius to defeat a second Aequian group that had been ravaging Roman land.

### Quaestorship

Titus Quinctius was elected quaestor together with Marcus Valerius Maximus Lactuca in 458 BC and continued the prosecution of Marcus Volscius Fictor, tribune of the plebs, for carrying false witness against Titus Quinctius' nephew, Caeso Quinctius. Caeso Quinctius had been exiled in 461 BC by Volscius and his colleague, Aulus Verginius.

### Fourth Consulship

In 446 BC, Titus Quinctius was elected consul for the fourth time alongside Agrippa Furius Fusus.

After the fall of the despotic Decemvirs, internal sedition broke out again. The Aequi and Volsci, taking advantage once more of the instability of the Roman political situation, ravaged Latium unopposed. Titus Quinctius then addressed the people noting the critical discord between the patricians and the plebeians and the fact that the people refuse to take up arms when the enemy was at the gates, preferring instead to attack the patricians. His speech had quite an effect on the people. The two consuls were then able to gather an army as the people were willing to be mobilized to fight the invaders. Agrippa Furius Fusus handed over the supreme command to Titus Quinctius, only keeping command of a part of the army. The Roman army managed to repulse the invading Aequi and Volscians and then took the enemy camp and gathered a large booty, part of which was the result of the Aequi and Volscians' earlier looting of Latium.

During the same year, the consuls were retained by the inhabitants of two Latin cities, Ardea and Aricia, to mediate a territorial dispute.

### Interrex

In 444 BC Titus Quinctius was appointed interrex to hold the comitia. The year had begun by an election of three consular tribunes who had after three months been forced to abdicate because of flaws in their auspices of their election. They were replaced by two consuls, Lucius Papirius Mugillanus and Lucius Sempronius Atratinus.

### Fifth Consulship

In 443 BC, together with Marcus Geganius Macerinus, Titus Quinctius was elected to his fifth consulship. While his colleague rescued the allied city of Ardea, plagued by civil war and besieged by the Volscians, Titus Quinctius maintained harmony in Rome. The Senate and the Roman people had such respect for the consul that this was one of the first years for some time without strife in the city.

### Sixth Consulship

Once again, in 439 BC Titus Quinctius was elected consul, this time with Agrippa Menenius Lanatus. A major famine raged in Rome at this time and a rich plebeian, Spurius Maelius, bought wheat with his personal fortune to feed the population. His popularity was such that he considered making himself king. In response to this threat, the consuls appointed Cincinnatus, now over 80 years old, as dictator once more. He chose Caius Servilius Ahala as his master of the horse. According to tradition, he killed Spurius Maelius while he was resisting arrest, with the tacit agreement of the dictator. Immediately afterwards, Cincinnatus resigned as dictator and handed power back to the Senate.

1. Robert Maxwell Ogilvie, Commentary on Livy, books 1–5, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1965, pp. 404, 405.
2. Livy, ii. 64-65, iii. 1
3. *Fasti Triumphales*
4. Livy, 3.2
5. Livy, 3.3
6. Livy, 3.3
7. Livy, 3.4-5
8. Livy, iii, 25.2-3, 29.6
9. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, x, 22.4-6
10. Broughton, vol i, pp.41
11. Livy, iv, 7.2-7.10
12. Dionysius, xi, 62.1-62.3
13. Broughton, vol i, pp.53
* Livy, *Histoire romaine*, **Livre II, 41/56-65**, **Livre III, 1-13/24-29/35/66-70** & **Livre IV, 6-19/41** Site of the University of Louvain.
* Philip Matyszak: *Geschichte der Römischen Republik. Von Romulus zu Augustus*. Wiss. Buch-Ges., Darmstadt 2004, ISBN 3-534-17578-6.
* Tymon C. A. De Haas, *Fields, Farms and Colonists : Intensive Field Survey and Early Roman Colonization in the Pontine Region, Central Italy,* Barkhuis, 2011

## InfoBox

| Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Consul of the Roman Republic | |
| **In office**
1 August 471 BC   31 July 470 BCServing with Appius Claudius Sabinus Regillensis (consul 471 BC) | |
| Preceded by | Lucius Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus (consul 472 BC), Publius Furius Medullinus Fusus |
| Succeeded by | Lucius Valerius Potitus (consul in 483 and 470 BC), Tiberius Aemilius Mamercus |
| **In office**
1 August 468 BC  31 July 467Serving with Quintus Servilius Priscus Structus (consul 468 BC) | |
| Preceded by | Titus Numicius Priscus, Aulus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus (consul 469 BC) |
| Succeeded by | Tiberius Aemilius Mamercinus, Quintus Fabius Vibulanus |
| **In office**
1 August 465 BC  31 July 464 BCServing with Quintus Fabius Vibulanus | |
| Preceded by | Quintus Servilius Priscus Structus (consul 468 BC), Spurius Postumius Albus Regillensis (consul 466 BC) |
| Succeeded by | Aulus Postumius Albus Regillensis (consul 464 BC), Spurius Furius Medullinus Fusus (consul 464 BC) |
| **In office**
13 December 446 BC  12 December 445 BCServing with Agrippa Furius Fusus | |
| Preceded by | Marcus Geganius Macerinus, Gaius Julius Iulus (consul 447 BC) |
| Succeeded by | Marcus Genucius Augurinus, Gaius Curtius Philo |
| **In office**
13 December 443 BC  12 December 442 BCServing with Marcus Geganius Macerinus | |
| Preceded by | Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, Lucius Sempronius |
| Succeeded by | Marcus Fabius Vibulanus, Postumus Aebutius Elva Cornicen |
| **In office**
13 December 439 BC  12 December 438 BCServing with Agrippa Menenius Lanatus | |
| Preceded by | Proculus Geganius Macerinus, |
| Succeeded by | Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus, Lucius Julius Iulus (consul 430 BC), Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 513 BC
Ancient Rome |
| Died | Unknown (last recorded date was at 423 at age 90)
Ancient Rome |
|  | |


title: Tobias Capwell

abstract: Tobias Emanuel ("Toby") Capwell FSA is an American historian who lives and works in London. His principal interest is in European arms and armour of the medieval and Renaissance periods. He was formerly Curator of Arms and Armour at the Wallace Collection in London. He has written and spoken extensively on both the historical and the practical aspects of his subject. Capwell is also a skilled jouster, and has claimed to be the world's only jousting curator.

text:
# Tobias Capwell

**Tobias Emanuel** ("**Toby**") **Capwell** FSA (born c.1973) is an American historian who lives and works in London. His principal interest is in European arms and armour of the medieval and Renaissance periods (roughly, the 12th century to the 16th). He was formerly Curator of Arms and Armour at the Wallace Collection in London.

He has written and spoken extensively on both the historical and the practical aspects of his subject. Capwell is also a skilled jouster, and has claimed to be the world's only jousting curator.

## Biography

Capwell's interest in chivalric combat was aroused when he visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York at the age of four or five, and was so impressed by an exhibit of a man in plate armour on horseback that he knew that that was what he wanted to be when he grew up. He began to learn to ride at the age of eleven. Eight years later, he faced his first opponent in front of three thousand people. He has since jousted many times in Europe and America, helping to revive jousting as a competitive sport and not just as a reenactment spectacle. In 1996, he moved to England as a founding member of the Royal Armouries jousting team. In 2002, that team won the Sword of Honour at a competition organised by the Royal Armouries. In 2005, he was a founding member of the Order of the Crescent, another jousting team. That year, he won the 'Scottish Sword of Chivalry' in a three-week tournament held by the National Trust for Scotland and the Royal Armouries. In 2006, he became 'Queen's Champion' by winning the Royal Armouries' Queen's Golden Jubilee joust. In 2008, he won a competition held at the Bern Historical Museum in Switzerland designed to reproduce a 15th-century *pas d'armes*; during which, over eleven days, he defended the field against three opponents; running 132 joust passes ('courses') on horseback and fighting 22 longsword combats on foot.

At the same time, he was pursuing an academic career. In 2004, Leeds University awarded him a PhD for a thesis on early English armour. Few individual pieces, let alone full suits, of such armour, either for warfare or for sport (tournaments), have survived. He therefore based his researches not only on those, but also on Continental armour of the time, documentary sources, illustrations, artworks, and especially English monumental brasses and funerary sculptures, the last of which often have highly accurate detail.

In 2012, archaeologists discovered the burial place of King Richard III of England (1452–1485), who had been killed at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Capwell was a member of the multidisciplinary academic team which studied the remains. In 2015, he was one of the two mounted men in full armour who escorted the king's coffin to his reburial site in Leicester Cathedral.

He was the Curator of Arms and Armour at the Wallace Collection, London, from 2006 to 2022. He was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 2011.

## Publications and media appearances

Capwell has published several books relating to his speciality. Among them is an authoritative trilogy of works, *Armour of the English Knight 1400–1450* (2015), *Armour of the English Knight 1450–1500* (2021), and *Armour of the English Knight: Continental Armour in England 1435–1500* (2022). Reviewing the first volume in *The English Historical Review*, David Palliser wrote that it "...should revolutionise the study of early fifteenth-century armour, and it is one which document-based historians would neglect to their cost... \[He\] is that rare scholar, an internationally-renowned expert in his field, who is also a seasoned practitioner of combat in full plate armour, one who can speak with real authority on armour as a practical and functional aspect of medieval life".

He has taken part in scientific experiments designed to measure the effectiveness of the couched lance as a weapon in knightly combat.

English sculptor Henry Moore (1898-1986) was a frequent visitor to the Wallace Collection, and drew inspiration from it. In his later years, he produced several sculptures based on helmets displayed in that museum. In 2019, Capwell and Hannah Higham, in a book titled *The Helmet Heads*, analysed those sculptures from the perspective of the original helmets.

His television appearances have included *Timewatch: The Greatest Knight* (2008, BBC2, contributor), *The Private Life of a Masterpiece: Caravaggio: The Taking of Christ* (2010, BBC2, contributor), *Metalworks: The Knight's Tale* (2012, BBC4, writer and presenter), *Richard III: The New Evidence* (2014, Channel 4, presenter and armour advisor), and *A Stitch in Time* (2018, BBC4, contributor).

## Selected publications

Capwell's publications include:

* Capwell, Tobias (2007). *The Real Fighting Stuff: Arms and Armour at Glasgow Museums*. Turner, Graham (illustrator). Glasgow Museums Publishing. ISBN 978-0902752825.
* Capwell, Tobias (2010). *The Pictorial History Of Knives Daggers And Bayonets*. Hermes House. ISBN 978-0857233509.
* Capwell, Tobias; Edge, David (2011). *Masterpieces of European Arms and Armour in the Wallace Collection*. London: Trustees of the Wallace Collection. ISBN 978-0900785863. *Apollo Magazine* Book of the Year 2012.
* Capwell, Tobias (2012). *The Noble Art of the Sword: Fashion and Fencing in Renaissance Europe 1520-1630*. Paul Holberton. ISBN 978-0900785436.
* Capwell, Tobias (2015). *Armour of the English Knight 1400–1450*. London: Thomas Del Mar. ISBN 978-0993324604. *Military History Monthly* Illustrated Book of the Year 2017.
* Capwell, Tobias (2018). *Arms and Armour of the Medieval Joust*. Leeds: Royal Armouries. ISBN 978-0948092831.
* Capwell, Tobias; Higham, Hannah (2019). *Henry Moore: The Helmet Heads*. Philip Wilson Publishers. ISBN 978-1781300770.
* Capwell, Tobias (2019) \[2009\]. *The World Encyclopedia of Knives Daggers & Bayonets: An Authoritative History and Visual Directory of Sharp-Edged Weapons and Blades from around the World*. Lorenz Books. ISBN 978-0754834847.
* Capwell, Tobias (2021). *Armour of the English Knight 1450–1500*. London: Thomas Del Mar. ISBN 978-0993324635.
* Capwell, Tobias (2022). *Armour of the English Knight: continental armour in England 1435–1500*. London: Thomas Del Mar. ISBN 978-0993324659.
* Capwell, Tobias (27 April 2017). *Deeds Not Words: The History of Modern Jousting*. The Wallace Collection. Video on YouTube.
* Capwell, Tobias (9 June 2020). *Tobias Capwell: Armour and the Knight in Life and Afterlife*. TORCH. Video on YouTube.
* Capwell, Tobias (3 November 2021). *Winter Lecture - Toby Capwell*. Royal Armouries. Video on YouTube.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Tobias CapwellFSA | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | c.1973<br>Petaluma, California, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Curator, military historian, jouster |
| Notable work | *Armour of the English Knight 1400–1450* |


title: Timothy Kain and Virginia Taylor

abstract: Timothy Kain and Virginia Taylor are an Australian music duo based in Canberra. Their album Music of the Americas was nominated for 2000 ARIA Award for Best World Music Album. Timothy Kain was born on 25 January 1951, outside Canberra.

text:
# Timothy Kain and Virginia Taylor

**Timothy Kain and Virginia Taylor** are an Australian music duo based in Canberra. Their album *Music of the Americas* was nominated for 2000 ARIA Award for Best World Music Album.

Timothy Kain was born on 25 January 1951, outside Canberra.

## Members

## Discography

### Albums

List of albums
| Title | Album details |
| --- | --- |
| *For Flute & Guitar* | * Released: 1991 * Label: Tall Poppies (TP003) * Formats: CD |
| *The Mantis and the Moon (Guitar Duets from Around the World)* <br>(with John Williams) | * Released: 1995 * Label: Sony Classical (SK 62007) * Formats: CD |
| *Music of the Americas* | * Released: 1999 * Label: ABC Classics (456 691-2) * Formats: CD |
| *Mirrors on Fire* | * Released: 2004 * Label: Tall Poppies (TP169) * Formats: CD |
| *Character Interludes* | * Released: 2011 * Label: Move (MCD-454) * Formats: CD |
|

## Awards and nominations

### ARIA Music Awards

The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. They commenced in 1987.

| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | *Music of the Americase* | Best World Music Album | Nominated |  |


title: Tincomarus

abstract: Tincomarus was a king of the Iron Age Belgic tribe of the Atrebates who lived in southern central Britain shortly before the Roman invasion. His name was previously reconstructed as Tincommius, based on abbreviated coin legends and a damaged mention in Augustus's Res Gestae, but since 1996 coins have been discovered which give his full name. He was the son and heir of Commius and succeeded his father around 25-20 BC. Based on coin distribution it is possible that Tincomarus ruled in collaboration with his father for the last few years of Commius's life. Little is known of his reign although numismatic evidence suggests that he was more sympathetic to Rome than his father was in later years: the coins he issued much more closely resemble Roman types, and are made in such a way they may have come from Roman die-cutters. GC Boon has suggested that this technical advance was not limited to coinage and represents wider industrial assistance from the Roman Empire. Tincomarus's successors used the term rex on their coins and this indicates that Tincomarus had begun the process of achieving client kingdom status with Rome. John Creighton argues, based on the imagery used on his coins, that Tincomarus may have been brought up as an obses in Rome in the early years of Augustus's reign. He compares Tincomarus's coins to those of Juba II of Numidia, who is known to have been an obses, and identifies a coin found in Numidia which may bear the name of Tincomarus's younger brother Verica. By 16 BC Roman pottery and other imports appear in considerable quantities at Tincomarus's capital of Calleva Atrebatum, today known as Silchester, and it is likely that the Atrebatic king had established trading and diplomatic links with Augustus. Tincomarus was expelled by his subjects for unknown reasons around AD 8 and fled to Rome as a refugee and supplicant. He was replaced by his brother Eppillus whom Augustus chose to recognise as rex rather than depose and reinstate Tincomarus. Augustus may have planned to use his ally's ejection as an excuse to invade Britain but other, more pressing foreign policy matters probably persuaded him to postpone the move.

text:
# Tincomarus

**Tincomarus** (a dithematic name form typical of insular and continental Celtic onomastics, analysable as *tinco-*, perhaps a sort of fish \[cf Latin *tinca*, English *tench*\] + *maro-*, "big") was a king of the Iron Age Belgic tribe of the Atrebates who lived in southern central Britain shortly before the Roman invasion. His name was previously reconstructed as **Tincommius**, based on abbreviated coin legends and a damaged mention in Augustus's *Res Gestae*, but since 1996 coins have been discovered which give his full name.

He was the son and heir of Commius and succeeded his father around 25-20 BC. Based on coin distribution it is possible that Tincomarus ruled in collaboration with his father for the last few years of Commius's life. Little is known of his reign although numismatic evidence suggests that he was more sympathetic to Rome than his father was in later years: the coins he issued much more closely resemble Roman types, and are made in such a way they may have come from Roman die-cutters. GC Boon has suggested that this technical advance was not limited to coinage and represents wider industrial assistance from the Roman Empire. Tincomarus's successors used the term *rex* on their coins and this indicates that Tincomarus had begun the process of achieving client kingdom status with Rome (see Roman client kingdoms in Britain).

John Creighton argues, based on the imagery used on his coins, that Tincomarus may have been brought up as an *obses* (diplomatic hostage) in Rome in the early years of Augustus's reign. He compares Tincomarus's coins to those of Juba II of Numidia, who is known to have been an *obses*, and identifies a coin found in Numidia which may bear the name of Tincomarus's younger brother Verica.

By 16 BC Roman pottery and other imports appear in considerable quantities at Tincomarus's capital of Calleva Atrebatum, today known as Silchester, and it is likely that the Atrebatic king had established trading and diplomatic links with Augustus.

Tincomarus was expelled by his subjects for unknown reasons around AD 8 and fled to Rome as a refugee and supplicant. He was replaced by his brother Eppillus whom Augustus chose to recognise as *rex* rather than depose and reinstate Tincomarus. Augustus may have planned to use his ally's ejection as an excuse to invade Britain but other, more pressing foreign policy matters probably persuaded him to postpone the move.

### Citations

### Bibliography

* Augustus, *Res Gestae Divi Augusti*
* Creighton, John (6 July 2000). *Coins and Power in Late Iron Age Britain*. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-43172-9.
* Cheesman, C. E. A. (1998). "Tincomarus Commi Filius". *Britannia*. **29**: 309–315. doi:10.2307/526822.
* Frere, Sheppard S.; Millett, Martin J. (2012). "Tincomarus". *The Oxford Classical Dictionary* (4 ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.6476. ISBN 9780199545568.


title: Tkay

abstract: Tkay is the debut studio album by Australian singer and rapper Tkay Maidza. It was released on 28 October 2016 by Dew Process and peaked at number 20 on the ARIA Charts. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2017, the album was nominated for Best Urban Album and Breakthrough Artist.

text:
# Tkay

***Tkay*** is the debut studio album by Australian singer and rapper Tkay Maidza. It was released on 28 October 2016 by Dew Process and peaked at number 20 on the ARIA Charts.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2017, the album was nominated for Best Urban Album and Breakthrough Artist.

## Background

The concept for the album began in 2014, around the time Maidza was working on her debut extended play, entitled *Switch Tape*. The EP was released in October 2014, through Dew Process Records. In December 2014, Maidza announced that she was working on her debut studio album.

In 2016, Maidza gained greater international notice when she collaborated with DJ and record producer Martin Solveig on his single "Do It Right". "Do It Right" sparked Maidza's lead single from the album, "Carry On", which features vocals from rapper Killer Mike,

In the beginning of October 2016, the album's first promotional single was released, entitled "Tennies". Two weeks after, the album's second official single, entitled "Simulation", was released on 16 October 2016. The song was revealed to have been co-written with rising electronic musician George Maple, who previously co-wrote and co-produced Maidza's song "Ghost".

## Reception

In a 3 ½ star rating, music journalist Bernard Zuel said "It's no surprise Tkay Maidza's debut album arrives fully sprung: performing live, the Adelaide-based rapper/singer is a ball of energy with a rapid flow to match the tempo... Maidza's energy is channelled and modified so tempos are varied without losing drive. R&B feels like her home turf instead of a token effort, and there's a natural link between songs incorporating the perspective of a young woman facing the world straight on. Her vocals are more adaptable than expected: clarity is allowed more of a show at times so her strong lyrical core comes through; and her singing – not her strength but clearly a long-term plan – reveals welcome imperfection rather than weakness."

Daniel Patrin from *Renowned for Sound* said "*TKAY* serves as a soulful party dream. Executed and displayed with a fiery pressure and physical organisation, it's humbled in an artistic rawness that demands sharp attention."

Chelsey Deeley from *Music Feeds* said "Containing pure dance-movers, hip-hop tinged electronics and fiery rapping delivery, you'll spend more time moving your feet than you will analysing the subject matter". Adding "Take this album for what it is, a punchy, eclectic mix of dance floor bangers, and the sassy, yet playful rhetoric of a home-grown star on the rise."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Always Been" |  | * Swick * Lewis Cancut | 3:20 |
| 2. | "Afterglow" |  |  | 3:00 |
| 3. | "Carry On" (featuring Killer Mike) |  | Dann Hume | 3:33 |
| 4. | "Simulation" | * Maidza * Luke McKay * Higgs | LK McKay | 3:25 |
| 5. | "Tennies" |  | Salva | 3:17 |
| 6. | "Monochrome" | * Maidza * Lee Mortimer | Friend Within | 3:29 |
| 7. | "Follow Me" | * Maidza * Higgs * Andrew Hershey | Dre Skull | 3:47 |
| 8. | "Castle in the Sky" | * Maidza * Daniel Farber | Farber | 3:20 |
| 9. | "Drumsticks No Guns" | * Maidza * Stefan Gräslund | Gräslund | 2:43 |
| 10. | "State of Mind" |  | Noah Breakfast | 3:27 |
| 11. | "House of Cards" |  | King Henry | 4:07 |
| 12. | "Supasonic" | * Maidza * McKay | LK McKay | 2:38 |
| 13. | "You Want" | * Maidza * McKay | LK McKay | 3:40 |
| 14. | "At Least I Know" | * Maidza * Christoph Andersson | Andersson | 4:08 |
| Total length: | | | | 47:54 |

## Charts

| Chart (2016) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 20 |

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Various | 28 October 2016 |  | Dew Process | DEW9000887-DEW9000896 |
| North America | | late 2016 | Interscope Records |  |
| Europe | January 2017 |  | Kitsuné Music | CDB-068 |

## InfoBox

| Tkay | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Tkay Maidza | |
| Released | 28 October 2016 (2016-10-28) |
| Recorded | 2014–16 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 47:54 |
| Label |  |
| Producer |  |
| Tkay Maidza chronology | |
| *Switch Tape*
(2014) ***Tkay***
(2016) *Last Year Was Weird (Vol. 1)*
(2018) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Tkay* | |
| 1. "Carry On"
Released: 30 August 2016 2. "Simulation"
Released: 16 October 2016 | |
|  | |


title: To Try for the Sun

abstract: "To Try for the Sun" is a song written and recorded by Scottish singer-songwriter Donovan. The "To Try for the Sun" single was backed with "Turquoise" and released in the United States in January 1966 through Hickory Records. In the midst of Donovan's contractual dispute between Pye Records and Epic Records, Donovan lost creative control over Pye releases in the United States. Donovan's Pye Records distributor Hickory Records decided against releasing Donovan's fourth single "Turquoise" and instead released the previously released album track "You're Gonna Need Somebody on Your Bond". Record World reviewed the single, calling it a "rebellious folk tune about youthful spirit" and "a pretty ballad from the English poetaster." The song became the first Donovan single to fail to chart in the United States. The song is about his early days in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, with his friend Gypsy Dave. By early 1966, it was becoming clear that Epic Records maintained control of all new Donovan releases in the United States. Hickory Records retained the right to release any of Donovan's Pye Records recordings and would subsequently release singles and albums in competition with the Epic Records catalog. Before the appearance of any new Epic Records material, however, Hickory Records released "To Try for the Sun". The song had previously appeared on Fairytale and even when backed with the unreleased British single "Turquoise", the song failed to chart.

text:
# To Try for the Sun

"**To Try for the Sun**" is a song written and recorded by Scottish singer-songwriter Donovan. The "To Try for the Sun" single was backed with "Turquoise" and released in the United States in January 1966 through Hickory Records (Hickory 45–1402).

In the midst of Donovan's contractual dispute between Pye Records and Epic Records, Donovan lost creative control over Pye releases in the United States. Donovan's Pye Records distributor Hickory Records decided against releasing Donovan's fourth single "Turquoise" and instead released the previously released album track "You're Gonna Need Somebody on Your Bond". *Record World* reviewed the single, calling it a "rebellious folk tune about youthful spirit" and "a pretty ballad from the English poetaster." The song became the first Donovan single to fail to chart in the United States.

The song is about his early days in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, with his friend Gypsy Dave.

By early 1966, it was becoming clear that Epic Records maintained control of all new Donovan releases in the United States. Hickory Records retained the right to release any of Donovan's Pye Records recordings and would subsequently release singles and albums in competition with the Epic Records catalog. Before the appearance of any new Epic Records material, however, Hickory Records released "To Try for the Sun". The song had previously appeared on *Fairytale* and even when backed with the unreleased British single "Turquoise", the song failed to chart.

## Covers

## InfoBox

| "To Try for the Sun" | |
| --- | --- |
| Original Hickory 45-1402 | |
| Single by Donovan | |
| from the album  *Fairytale* | |
| B-side | "Turquoise" (US) |
| Released | January 1966 (US) |
| Genre | Folk |
| Length | 2:44 (Side A)
3:31 (Side B) |
| Label | Hickory 45-1402 (US) |
| Songwriter(s) | Donovan |
| Producer(s) | Terry Kennedy, Peter Eden, Geoff Stephens |
| Donovan singles chronology | |
| "You're Gonna Need Somebody on Your Bond"
(1965) "**To Try for the Sun**"
(1966) "Josie"
(1966) | |


title: To Us, From Us

abstract: To Us, From Us is a 2018 Chinese film directed by Lanxin Yu, and starring Yanxi Ke, Hai Qin, and Jingwen Xiong. It is written by Lanxin Yu and Yujie Li. The film premiered at the Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival on 17 November 2022, and was officially released in Taiwan on 10 February 2023. The story was inspired by the high school experiences of the director, Lanxin Yu, adapted from real events at the Shenzhen Foreign Languages School.

text:
# To Us, From Us

***To Us, From Us*** (Chinese: 再见十八班) is a 2018 Chinese film directed by Lanxin Yu, and starring Yanxi Ke, Hai Qin, and Jingwen Xiong. It is written by Lanxin Yu and Yujie Li. The film premiered at the Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival on 17 November 2022, and was officially released in Taiwan on 10 February 2023.

The story was inspired by the high school experiences of the director, Lanxin Yu, adapted from real events at the Shenzhen Foreign Languages School.

## Cast

* Yanxi Ke as Chen Song
* Hai Qin as Ruiming Tan
* Jingwen Xiong as Miaomiao Qin

## Music

The theme song "To Us, From Us" of the film of the same name, is performed by Fansheng Gao who also participated in the songwriting and production.

## InfoBox

| To Us, From Us | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Lanxin Yu |
| Screenplay by | * Yujie Li * Lanxin Yu |
| Produced by | Yujie Li |
| Starring | * Yanxi Ke * Hai Qin * Jingwen Xiong |
| Cinematography | Anqi Wang |
| Edited by | * Guangwei Du * Bowei Yue |
| Music by | * Huazhang Dai * Fansheng Gao |
| Release date | * 2018 (2018) |
| Running time | 102 minutes |
| Country | China |
| Language | Mandarin |


title: To Venus in Five Seconds

abstract: To Venus in Five Seconds: An Account of the Strange Disappearance of Thomas Plummer, Pillmaker is a science fiction satire written by Fred T. Jane, the author of the original Jane's Fighting Ships and the founder of what would in time become the Jane's Information Group. Published in 1897, the novel pokes fun at several of the main subgenres of scientific romance that had become popular in the final years of the nineteenth century. In one aspect of his multifarious career, Jane spent much of the 1890s illustrating popular novels of speculative fiction, including Edgar Fawcett's Hartmann the Anarchist (1893) and books by George Griffith. When he turned to writing his own novels, Jane parodied the types of fiction he illustrated—what were then called "scientific romances," and the novels of future war that were such a characteristic feature of popular literature in Britain in the decades before World War I—books like Griffith's The Angel of the Revolution (1893) and Olga Romanoff (1894). The title of Jane's book both pokes fun and alludes to other works of romances of travel like Jules Verne's From The Earth To The Moon, Direct Course In 97 Hours 20 Minutes (1865), Around The Moon (1870), Around The World In Eighty Days (1873), and their imitations.

text:
# To Venus in Five Seconds

***To Venus in Five Seconds: An Account of the Strange Disappearance of Thomas Plummer, Pillmaker*** is a science fiction satire written by Fred T. Jane, the author of the original *Jane's Fighting Ships* and the founder of what would in time become the Jane's Information Group. Published in 1897, the novel pokes fun at several of the main subgenres of scientific romance that had become popular in the final years of the nineteenth century.

In one aspect of his multifarious career, Jane spent much of the 1890s illustrating popular novels of speculative fiction, including Edgar Fawcett's *Hartmann the Anarchist* (1893) and books by George Griffith. When he turned to writing his own novels, Jane parodied the types of fiction he illustrated—what were then called "scientific romances," and the novels of future war that were such a characteristic feature of popular literature in Britain in the decades before World War I—books like Griffith's *The Angel of the Revolution* (1893) and *Olga Romanoff* (1894). The title of Jane's book both pokes fun and alludes to other works of romances of travel like Jules Verne's *From The Earth To The Moon, Direct Course In 97 Hours 20 Minutes* (1865), *Around The Moon* (1870), *Around The World In Eighty Days* (1873), and their imitations.

## Synopsis

The hero of Jane's story is a superb physical specimen of English manhood named Thomas Plummer. He is being sent to medical school by his father, a medical entrepreneur (pill manufacturer), despite the fact that the younger Plummer is — well — not very bright. At medical school Plummer meets a young, dark-skinned woman called Miss Zumeena. The young woman invites him to tea at her summer house, which is, oddly, full of machinery. A few seconds later, she informs the young Englishman that he is now on Venus. The machinery in Zumeena's gazebo operates a matter transmitter that allows almost instantaneous transport between the two planets.

(This constitutes "One of the earliest uses of the matter transmitter for interplanetary travel" in science fiction. Jane does not spend much effort on explaining how a matter transmitter might actually work; the technology is merely a given, like the titular device in H. G. Wells' *The Time Machine* of 1895.)

Closer to the Sun than Earth, Venus is hot and jungle-covered; the glare of the Sun both blinds the eyes and affects the mind. The planet is inhabited by two developed species, the human Sutenraa and the decidedly non-human Thotheen. Zumeena is a Sutenraa, a people from Central America via ancient Egypt, which are closely related in Jane's imaginary domain. (This incorporates another subgenre of fantastic fiction of Jane's era, books on Egypt, the pyramids, and related matters.) These highly advanced ancients developed a matter transmitter in their distant past, and used it to travel back and forth between the pyramids of Egypt and Central America; in the process they sometimes found themselves on Venus, apparently due to interference with the similar matter transmitter technology of the Thotheen. The latter are the dominant indigenous species of the planet; Jane both describes and draws Thotheen as a cross between a small elephant and a large horse-fly.

Some of the Central-American/Egyptians settled on Venus to form a growing human community; they often served as physicians to the Thotheen. At the time of Plummer's arrival on Venus, the long co-existence between the two species is breaking down; Zumeena predicts that conflict will soon erupt between them, which the Thotheen will win due to their superior intelligence. Plummer also learns that he has been brought to Venus as a subject for vivisection, because of his excellent physique. Zumeena has taken a fancy to him, though; she makes romantic advances to him, which he spurns. She reluctantly consigns him to vivisection, though she allows him the option of anesthesia.

Plummer meets two other English people on Venus, a young woman named Phyllis Alson and a clergyman. He and Phyllis quickly fall in love; the convenient clergyman marries them. War breaks out, first a civil war among the Thotheen and then the conflict between the Thotheen and Sutenraa anticipated by Zumeena. Plummer and Phyllis escape to Earth with Zumeena (the clergyman is by now dead) via matter transmitter; they land on the pinnacle of the Great Pyramid of Giza. There, Plummer finds one of his father's agents stenciling an advertisement in white paint. The young English couple return home, while Zumeena goes south to become a "goddess" for some primitive people. This is a reference to another popular subgenre of Victorian fantastic fiction, the "lost world" or "lost race" stories like H. Rider Haggard's *She* (1886) and its many imitations.

*To Venus in Five Seconds* has been called "The most readable and entertaining of Jane's books". Jane wrote other works of speculative fiction, notably *The Incubated Girl* (1896) and *The Violet Flame* (1899).

## InfoBox

To Venus in Five Seconds
| Author | Fred T. Jane |
| --- | --- |
| Illustrator | Fred T. Jane |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Satire
Science fiction
Speculative fiction |
| Publisher | A. D. Innes |
| Publication date | 1897 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print (Hardcover) |
| Pages | 130 pp. |


title: Tmolus echion

abstract: Tmolus echion, the red-spotted hairstreak or larger lantana butterfly, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found from Brazil, north to Sinaloa and Tamaulipas in Mexico. Rare strays can be found in southern Texas. It was introduced to Hawaii in 1902 to control lantana. The wingspan is 22–32 mm. Adults are on wing in May in southern Texas and year-round in Hawaii and Mexico. Adults feed on flower nectar. The larvae feed on various tropical plants including verbena, mint and potato species.

text:
# Tmolus echion

***Tmolus echion***, the **red-spotted hairstreak** or **larger lantana butterfly**, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found from Brazil, north to Sinaloa and Tamaulipas in Mexico. Rare strays can be found in southern Texas. It was introduced to Hawaii in 1902 to control lantana.

The wingspan is 22–32 mm. Adults are on wing in May in southern Texas and year-round in Hawaii and Mexico. Adults feed on flower nectar.

The larvae feed on various tropical plants including verbena, mint and potato species.

## Subspecies

* *Tmolus echion echion*
* *Tmolus echion echiolus* (Draudt, 1920) (Mexico)

## InfoBox

| *Tmolus echion* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Lycaenidae |
| Genus: | *Tmolus* |
| Species: | ***T. echion*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tmolus echion***<br>(Linnaeus, 1767) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Papilio echion* Linnaeus, 1767 * *Ministrymon echion* * *Thecla echion* * *Papilio crolus* Stoll, \[1780\] * *Thecla labes* Druce, 1907 * *Thecla sanctissima* Jörgensen, 1935 * *Thecla echion* f. *echiolus* Draudt, 1920 | |


title: Tmoushons

abstract: Tmoushons was a cenobitic monastery established by Pachomius the Great during the 4th century A.D. It was one of the nine Pachomian monasteries. The construction and founding of the monastery was overseen by Pachomius the Great. Pachomius assigned Petronius as the overseer of the monastery.

text:
# Tmoushons

**Tmoushons** (or **Thmoušons**) was a cenobitic monastery established by Pachomius the Great during the 4th century A.D. It was one of the nine Pachomian monasteries.

The construction and founding of the monastery was overseen by Pachomius the Great. Pachomius assigned Petronius as the overseer of the monastery.

## InfoBox

| Tmoushons | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Location | modern-day Qena Governorate, Egypt |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Monastery |
| Founder | Pachomius the Great |
| Groundbreaking | 4th century A.D. |
| Completed | 4th century A.D. |


title: Tokumasa Chano

abstract: Tokumasa Chano is a Japanese professional baseball player. He plays outfielder for the Orix Buffaloes of Nippon Professional Baseball.

text:
# Tokumasa Chano

**Tokumasa Chano** (茶野篤政, *Chano Tokumasa*, born August 4, 1999 in Yōkaichi, Shiga Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese professional baseball player. He plays outfielder for the Orix Buffaloes of Nippon Professional Baseball.

1. Organization, Nippon Professional Baseball. "Chano,Tokumasa（ORIX Buffaloes） | Players". *Nippon Professional Baseball Organization* (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-08-05.

## InfoBox

| Tokumasa Chano | |
| --- | --- |
| Chano with the Orix Buffaloes. | |
| Orix Buffaloes – No. 61 | |
| **Outfielder** | |
| **Born:**  (1999-08-04) August 4, 1999
Yōkaichi, Shiga Prefecture, Japan | |
| **Bats:** Left**Throws:** Right | |
| debut | |
| March 31, 2023, for the Orix Buffaloes | |
| NPB statistics
(through August 5, 2023) | |
| Batting average | .257 |
| Home runs | 1 |
| RBIs | 22 |
| Hits | 68 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Togolese people in France

abstract: Togolese people in France consist of migrants from Togo and their descendants living and working in France. They are one of the Sub-Saharan African diasporas in France.

text:
# Togolese people in France

**Togolese people in France** consist of migrants from Togo and their descendants living and working in France. They are one of the Sub-Saharan African diasporas in France.

## History

The first Togolese immigrants in France arrived in the 1970s and the 1980s. They come mostly to live in poor suburban areas (banlieue).

## Notable people

## InfoBox

Togolese people in France
| Total population | |
| --- | --- |
| 26,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Île-de-France | |
| Languages | |
| French, Ewe, Kabiyé | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity, Sunni Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Black people in France, Afro-French, Ghanaians in France, Burkinabe people in France, Beninese people in France | |


title: Tolerance analysis

abstract: Tolerance analysis is the general term for activities related to the study of accumulated variation in mechanical parts and assemblies. Its methods may be used on other types of systems subject to accumulated variation, such as mechanical and electrical systems. Engineers analyze tolerances for the purpose of evaluating geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T). Methods include 2D tolerance stacks, 3D Monte Carlo simulations, and datum conversions. Tolerance stackups or tolerance stacks are used to describe the problem-solving process in mechanical engineering of calculating the effects of the accumulated variation that is allowed by specified dimensions and tolerances. Typically these dimensions and tolerances are specified on an engineering drawing. Arithmetic tolerance stackups use the worst-case maximum or minimum values of dimensions and tolerances to calculate the maximum and minimum distance between two features or parts. Statistical tolerance stackups evaluate the maximum and minimum values based on the absolute arithmetic calculation combined with some method for establishing likelihood of obtaining the maximum and minimum values, such as Root Sum Square (RSS) or Monte-Carlo methods.

text:
# Tolerance analysis

**Tolerance analysis** is the general term for activities related to the study of accumulated variation in mechanical parts and assemblies. Its methods may be used on other types of systems subject to accumulated variation, such as mechanical and electrical systems. Engineers analyze tolerances for the purpose of evaluating geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T). Methods include 2D tolerance stacks, 3D Monte Carlo simulations, and datum conversions.

**Tolerance stackups** or **tolerance stacks** are used to describe the problem-solving process in mechanical engineering of calculating the effects of the accumulated variation that is allowed by specified dimensions and tolerances. Typically these dimensions and tolerances are specified on an engineering drawing. Arithmetic tolerance stackups use the worst-case maximum or minimum values of dimensions and tolerances to calculate the maximum and minimum distance (clearance or interference) between two features or parts. Statistical tolerance stackups evaluate the maximum and minimum values based on the absolute arithmetic calculation combined with some method for establishing likelihood of obtaining the maximum and minimum values, such as Root Sum Square (RSS) or Monte-Carlo methods.

## Modeling

In performing a tolerance analysis, there are two fundamentally different analysis tools for predicting stackup variation: worst-case analysis and statistical analysis.

### Worst-case

Worst-case tolerance analysis is the traditional type of tolerance stackup calculation. The individual variables are placed at their tolerance limits in order to make the measurement as large or as small as possible. The worst-case model does not consider the distribution of the individual variables, but rather that those variables do not exceed their respective specified limits. This model predicts the maximum expected variation of the measurement. Designing to worst-case tolerance requirements guarantees 100 percent of the parts will assemble and function properly, regardless of the actual component variation. The major drawback is that the worst-case model often requires very tight individual component tolerances. The obvious result is expensive manufacturing and inspection processes and/or high scrap rates. Worst-case tolerancing is often required by the customer for critical mechanical interfaces and spare part replacement interfaces. When worst-case tolerancing is not a contract requirement, properly applied statistical tolerancing can ensure acceptable assembly yields with increased component tolerances and lower fabrication costs.

### Statistical variation

The statistical variation analysis model takes advantage of the principles of statistics to relax the component tolerances without sacrificing quality. Each component's variation is modeled as a statistical distribution and these distributions are summed to predict the distribution of the assembly measurement. Thus, statistical variation analysis predicts a distribution that describes the assembly variation, not the extreme values of that variation. This analysis model provides increased design flexibility by allowing the designer to design to any quality level, not just 100 percent.

There are two chief methods for performing the statistical analysis. In one, the expected distributions are modified in accordance with the relevant geometric multipliers within tolerance limits and then combined using mathematical operations to provide a composite of the distributions. The geometric multipliers are generated by making small deltas to the nominal dimensions. The immediate value to this method is that the output is smooth, but it fails to account for geometric misalignment allowed for by the tolerances; if a size dimension is placed between two parallel surfaces, it is assumed the surfaces will remain parallel, even though the tolerance does not require this. Because the CAD engine performs the variation sensitivity analysis, there is no output available to drive secondary programs such as stress analysis.

In the other, the variations are simulated by allowing random changes to geometry, constrained by expected distributions within allowed tolerances with the resulting parts assembled, and then measurements of critical places are recorded as if in an actual manufacturing environment. The collected data is analyzed to find a fit with a known distribution and mean and standard deviations derived from them. The immediate value to this method is that the output represents what is acceptable, even when that is from imperfect geometry and, because it uses recorded data to perform its analysis, it is possible to include actual factory inspection data into the analysis to see the effect of proposed changes on real data. In addition, because the engine for the analysis is performing the variation internally, not based on CAD regeneration, it is possible to link the variation engine output to another program. For example, a rectangular bar may vary in width and thickness; the variation engine could output those numbers to a stress program which passes back peak stress as a result and the dimensional variation be used to determine likely stress variations. The disadvantage is that each run is unique, so there will be variation from analysis to analysis for the output distribution and mean, just like would come from a factory.

While no official engineering standard covers the process or format of tolerance analysis and stackups, these are essential components of good product design. Tolerance stackups should be used as part of the mechanical design process, both as a predictive and a problem-solving tool. The methods used to conduct a tolerance stackup depend somewhat upon the engineering dimensioning and tolerancing standards that are referenced in the engineering documentation, such as American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Y14.5, ASME Y14.41, or the relevant ISO dimensioning and tolerancing standards. Understanding the tolerances, concepts and boundaries created by these standards is vital to performing accurate calculations.

Tolerance stackups serve engineers by:

* helping them study dimensional relationships within an assembly.
* giving designers a means of calculating part tolerances.
* helping engineers compare design proposals.
* helping designers produce complete drawings.

## Concept of Tolerance vector loop

The starting point for the tolerance loop; typically this is one side of an intended gap, after pushing the various parts in the assembly to one side or another of their loose range of motion. Vector loops define the assembly constraints that locate the parts of the assembly relative to each other. The vectors represent the dimensions that contribute to tolerance stackup in the assembly. The vectors are joined tip-to-tail, forming a chain, passing through each part in the assembly in succession. A vector loop must obey certain modeling rules as it passes through a part. It must:

1. enter through a joint,
2. follow the datum path to the Datum Reference Frame (DRF),
3. follow a second datum path leading to another joint, and
4. exit to the next adjacent part in the assembly.

Additional modeling rules for vector loops include:

1. Loops must pass through every part and every joint in the assembly.
2. A single vector loop may not pass through the same part or the same joint twice, but it may start and end in the same part.
3. If a vector loop includes exactly the same dimension twice, in opposite directions, the dimension is redundant and must be omitted.
4. There must be enough loops to solve for all of the kinematic variables (joint degrees of freedom). You will need one loop for each three variables.

The above rules will vary depending on whether 1D, 2D or 3D tolerance stackup method is used.

## Concerns with tolerance stackups

A safety factor is often included in designs because of concerns about:

* Operational temperature and pressure of the parts or assembly.
* Wear.
* Deflection of components after assembly.
* The possibility or probability that the parts are slightly out of specification (but passed inspection).
* The sensitivity or importance of the stack (what happens if the design conditions are not met).

* "Automation of Linear Tolerance Charts and Extension to Statistical Tolerance Analysis". *Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering*. **3** (1): 95–99. March 2003.
* ASME publication Y14.41-2003, *Digital Product Definition Data Practices*
* Alex Krulikowski (1994), *Tolerance Stacks using GD&T*, ISBN 0-924520-05-1
* Bryan R. Fischer (2011), *Mechanical Tolerance Stackup and Analysis*, ISBN 1439815720
* Jason Tynes (2012), *Make It Fit: Introduction to Tolerance Analysis for Mechanical Engineers*, ISBN 1482350254
* Kenneth W. Chase (1999), *Tolerance Analysis of 2-D and 3-D Assemblies,* Department of Mechanical Engineering Brigham Young University
* http://www.ttc-cogorno.com/Newsletters/140117ToleranceAnalysis.pdf


title: Toledo railway station

abstract: The Toledo railway station is a railway station in Toledo, Spain, which was designed by architect Narciso Clavería y de Palacios in the Neo-Mudéjar style.

text:
# Toledo railway station

The **Toledo railway station** is a railway station in Toledo, Spain, which was designed by architect Narciso Clavería y de Palacios in the Neo-Mudéjar style.

## History

The railway reached Toledo in 1858. The original station was of functional design and was opened on 12 June 1858 by Isabella II of Spain, accompanied by Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz.

The present station opened on 24 April 1919. It was designed to echo the historic architecture of the city. The central section is flanked by two side naves, one of which is adjacent to the clock tower, which imitates the style of Toledo church towers.

The railway company responsible for the construction of Toledo station, the *Compañía de los Ferrocarriles de Madrid a Zaragoza y Alicante*, also built other stations in Neo-Mudejar style such as that of Aranjuez.

The station has been declared a Property of Cultural Interest and classified as a monument. It was restored in the twenty-first century in connection with the inauguration of the Madrid–Toledo high-speed rail line in 2005. The old line along the Tagus valley in the direction of Aranjuez has been dismantled, and Toledo no longer has a conventional line.

| Preceding station | Renfe Operadora | | | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Madrid Puerta de AtochaTerminus |  | Avant87 |  | *Terminus* |

## InfoBox

| Toledo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Paseo Rosa, Toledo, Spain |
| Coordinates | 39°51′45″N 4°00′41″W / 39.8624°N 4.01125°W / 39.8624; -4.01125 |
| Owned by | adif |
| Platforms | 3 |
| Construction | |
| Parking | 325 |
| Other information | |
| Station code | IATA: XTJ |
| History | |
| Opened | 12 June 1858 |
| Rebuilt | 24 April 1919 |
| Passengers | |
|  | |
| 2018 | 1,742,695 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son

abstract: "Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son" is a popular English language nursery rhyme. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 19621.

text:
# Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son

"**Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son**" is a popular English language nursery rhyme. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 19621.

## Lyrics

Modern versions of the rhyme include:

Tom, Tom, the piper's son, Stole a pig, and away did run; The pig was eat And Tom was beat, And Tom went \[or "which sent him"\] crying \[or "roaring", or "howling", in some versions\] Down the street.

The 'pig' mentioned in the song is almost certainly not a live animal but rather a kind of pastry, often made with an apple filling, smaller than a pie. And the meaning of the rhyme involves a naughty boy named Tom whose father was a piper, and he steals the "pig", eats it, and after his father (or someone else) physically chastises him, Tom cries all the way down the street.

Another version of the rhyme is:

Tom, Tom, the piper's son, Stole a pig, and away he run. Tom run here, Tom run there, Tom run through the village square.

This rhyme is often conflated with a separate and longer rhyme:

Tom, he was a piper's son, He learnt to play when he was young, And all the tune that he could play Was 'over the hills and far away'; Over the hills and a great way off, The wind shall blow my top-knot off. Tom with his pipe made such a noise, That he pleased both the girls and boys, They all stopped to hear him play, 'Over the hills and far away'. Tom with his pipe did play with such skill That those who heard him could never keep still; As soon as he played they began for to dance, Even the pigs on their hind legs would after him prance. As Dolly was milking her cow one day, Tom took his pipe and began to play; So Dolly and the cow danced 'The Cheshire Round', Till the pail was broken and the milk ran on the ground. He met old Dame Trot with a basket of eggs, He used his pipe and she used her legs; She danced about till the eggs were all broke, She began for to fret, but he laughed at the joke. Tom saw a cross fellow was beating an ass, Heavy laden with pots, pans, dishes, and glass; He took out his pipe and he played them a tune, And the poor donkey's load was lightened full soon.

## Origins

Both rhymes were first printed separately in a *Tom the Piper's Son*, a chapbook produced around 1795 in London, England. The origins of the shorter and better known rhyme are unknown.

The second, longer rhyme was an adaptation of an existing verse which was current in England around the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries. The following verse, known as "The Distracted Jockey's Lamentations", may have been written for (but not included in) Thomas D'Urfey's play *The Campaigners* (1698):

Jockey was a Piper's Son, And fell in love when he was young; But all the Tunes that he could play, Was, o'er the Hills, and far away, And 'Tis o'er the Hills, and far away, 'Tis o'er the Hills, and far away, 'Tis o'er the Hills, and far away, The Wind has blown my Plad away.

This verse seems to have been adapted for a recruiting song designed to gain volunteers for the Duke of Marlborough's campaigns about 1705, with the title "The Recruiting Officer; or The Merry Volunteers", better today known as "Over the Hills and Far Away", in which the hero is called Tom.

## InfoBox

| "Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son" | |
| --- | --- |
| Sheet music | |
| Nursery rhyme | |
| Published | 1795 |


title: Today You Die

abstract: Today You Die is a 2005 American action film directed and shot by Don E. FauntLeRoy. The film stars Steven Seagal, who also produces with Randall Emmett, George Furla and Danny Lerner. It co-stars Treach, Sarah Buxton, Mari Morrow, Nick Mancuso and Robert Miano. The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on September 13, 2005.

text:
# Today You Die

***Today You Die*** is a 2005 American action film directed and shot by Don E. FauntLeRoy. The film stars Steven Seagal, who also produces with Randall Emmett, George Furla and Danny Lerner. It co-stars Treach, Sarah Buxton, Mari Morrow, Nick Mancuso and Robert Miano. The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on September 13, 2005.

## Plot

Harlan Banks (Steven Seagal) is a Robin Hood-esque thief who has always picked his own jobs and tried to pull heists that would leave him room to help out others. The work keeps getting riskier, and at the urging of his girlfriend Jada (Mari Morrow), Banks has decided to pull one final job, going in with some men who are planning a $20 million robbery.

After the heist goes bad, Banks heads to Las Vegas, where Jada wants him to get a real job. On the way to town, Banks and Jada passed a children's hospital displaying a going out of business sign. Banks gets a job driving an armored car for a man, Max (Kevin Tighe). The job is not exactly legitimate, and Bruno (Robert Miano), Banks' partner for the job, shoots a security guard, resulting in a chase through the Las Vegas Strip in the armored van.

However, Banks is stopped and sent to prison, where he befriends an inmate known as "Ice Kool" (Treach). With Ice's help, Banks escapes, determined to hunt Max down. Along the way, Banks meets a federal agent named Saunders (Nick Mancuso), and it turns out that Saunders, who is in league with Max, is the man behind the setup. So Banks sets out to take down both Saunders and Max with a job.

## Cast

The producers of *Today You Die* filed lawsuits against Seagal because of experiences during the filming. Producers at Nu Image and Kill Master Productions alleged that Seagal, while filming this and *Mercenary for Justice*, arrived at the set late, left early, and re-wrote scripts without their permission, among other things. However, Seagal disputed the suit, and he countersued against producers, claiming fraud and breach of contract.

## Home media

The DVD of the film was released in Region 1 in the United States on September 13, 2005, and also Region 2 in the United Kingdom on 10 July 2006. It was distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.

## InfoBox

| Today You Die | |
| --- | --- |
| *DVD cover* | |
| Directed by | Don E. FauntLeRoy |
| Written by | Kevin Moore |
| Story by | Danny Lerner |
| Produced by | Randall Emmett
George Furla
Danny Lerner
Steven Seagal |
| Starring | Steven Seagal
Treach
Sarah Buxton
Mari Morrow
Nick Mancuso
Robert Miano |
| Cinematography | Don E. FauntLeRoy |
| Edited by | Robert Ferretti |
| Music by | Steve Edwards |
| Production
companies | Millennium Films
Nu Image
Emmett/Furla Films |
| Distributed by | Sony Pictures Home Entertainment |
| Release date | * September 13, 2005 (2005-09-13) |
| Running time | 90 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Tom Brown's Body

abstract: Tom Brown's Body is a 1949 mystery detective novel by the British writer Gladys Mitchell. It is the twenty second in her long-running series featuring the psychoanalyst and amateur detective Mrs Bradley. The title refers to both the novel Tom Brown's School Days and the song John Brown's Body. Mitchell had previously used a school setting for her earlier work Death at the Opera.

text:
# Tom Brown's Body

***Tom Brown's Body*** is a 1949 mystery detective novel by the British writer Gladys Mitchell. It is the twenty second in her long-running series featuring the psychoanalyst and amateur detective Mrs Bradley. The title refers to both the novel *Tom Brown's School Days* and the song *John Brown's Body*. Mitchell had previously used a school setting for her earlier work *Death at the Opera*.

## Synopsis

In the countryside searching for a book by one of her ancestors on witchcraft, Mrs Bradley acquires it from a local witch. However, a murder of one of the schoolmasters at the nearby boarding school draws her interest, particularly as it appears to be linked with witchcraft.

## Bibliography

* Klein, Kathleen Gregory. *Great Women Mystery Writers: Classic to Contemporary*. Greenwood Press, 1994.
* Reilly, John M. *Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers*. Springer, 2015.
* Walton, Samantha. *Guilty But Insane: Mind and Law in Golden Age Detective Fiction*. Oxford University Press, 2015.

## InfoBox

Tom Brown's Body
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Gladys Mitchell |
| Language | English |
| Series | Mrs Bradley |
| Genre | Mystery |
| Publisher | Michael Joseph |
| Publication date | 1949 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print |
| Preceded by | *The Dancing Druids* |
| Followed by | *Groaning Spinney* |


abstract: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Take-Down – Missions in Korea is a 2001 tactical first-person shooter video game developed and published by Kama Digital Entertainment in cooperation with Red Storm Entertainment and Ubi Soft. A non-canon spinoff of the Rainbow Six franchise, Take-Down was only released in South Korea for Microsoft Windows. The game's plot follows the international counterterrorist organization Rainbow as they handle terrorism and organized crime in South Korea.

text:
# Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Take-Down – Missions in Korea

***Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Take-Down – Missions in Korea*** is a 2001 tactical first-person shooter video game developed and published by Kama Digital Entertainment in cooperation with Red Storm Entertainment and Ubi Soft. A non-canon spinoff of the *Rainbow Six* franchise, *Take-Down* was only released in South Korea for Microsoft Windows. The game's plot follows the international counterterrorist organization Rainbow as they handle terrorism and organized crime in South Korea.

## Gameplay

*Take-Down*'s gameplay is essentially the same as *Rainbow Six: Rogue Spear*, but adapted for South Korean interests, including South Korean Rainbow operatives, additional maps, new uniforms, and South Korean weapons. The game's plot is also different, set almost entirely in South Korea, and has a much shorter campaign, with only eight missions (plus two bonus missions) as opposed to *Rogue Spear*'s eighteen missions.

## Plot

*Take-Down* is set in an alternate universe where all *Rogue Spear* expansions from *Covert Ops Essentials* onward did not happen. *Take-Down* is not considered canon to the *Rainbow Six* series.

In 2003, Rainbow, led by John Clark, works alongside the South Korean "Special Response Team" (consisting of counterterrorism operatives from the National Police Agency, 707th Special Mission Battalion, and National Intelligence Service) and their advisor Cho Hyung-Jin, to respond to a series of attacks committed by Palestinian anti-American terrorist group ATX. When ATX takes a United States Forces Korea colonel hostage in Seoul, Rainbow rescues him, but are suspicious as to how they attacked South Korea, as they were previously considered bankrupt.

Rainbow and the SRT soon find a connection between ATX, the yakuza organization "Ikeshita-gumi", and ecstasy smuggling between South Korea and Japan. They learn of Kim "Yasuo" Suk-won, a Zainichi who worked as a successful hitman for Ikeshita-gumi until he was framed by Ikeshita-gumi's second-in-command Takao, due to them viewing Suk-won as a threat. Exiled to South Korea, Suk-won and his friend Takahashi exacted their revenge by anonymously informing South Korean authorities of Ikeshita-gumi's ecstasy smuggling operations, allowing police to seize 550 kilograms of ecstasy from Ikeshita-gumi. Ikeshita-gumi then hired ATX and sent them to South Korea, apparently as a distraction, while Takao, head hitman Sasamoto, and around 100 other yakuza hitmen went there separately to take back the confiscated ecstasy and locate the informant.

Rainbow and the SRT investigate antiques dealer Choi Tae-ho, suspected of being a local organizer for Ikeshita-gumi. After infiltrating his villa and surveilling his movements, police surround him in Insa-dong while he meets with Takao, and Rainbow kills them after they take hostages in a museum. Meanwhile, Ikeshita-gumi learns Suk-won was the informant and uses Takahashi to lure him to Chuncheon. Suk-won escapes his witness protection safe house to meet Takahashi, while Rainbow and the SRT attempt to intercept both parties; however, when they arrive, they find Suk-won has been kidnapped and Takahashi has been killed.

Rainbow and the SRT track Suk-won, Sasamoto, and Ikeshita-gumi to Gadeokdo, where they have been surrounded by the police and the Republic of Korea Navy, with their narco-submarine also trapped in the vicinity. Rainbow kills Sasamoto and the hitmen, rescues Suk-won, and shuts down Ikeshita-gumi's smuggling operation.

Three months later, Rainbow is called back to South Korea to rescue government representatives at a ski resort in Gangwon. The assailants, the anarchist anti-globalist Government Free Activist Organization, launched the attack to prevent the formation of a free-trade zone between ASEAN countries, South Korea, and Japan. Rainbow plants surveillance devices in the resort and disables its security alarm, then assaults the resort shortly after, killing the terrorists and saving the representatives.

## Development

Kama Digital Entertainment bought the *Rogue Spear* game engine to develop *Take-Down*.

It was announced at a press conference on 5 February 2001 that *Take-Down* would be released in June 2001. Despite promises from Red Storm Entertainment that the game would be released internationally, the game was not released outside South Korea.

On 24 January 2001, the 1.03 patch was released, including additional missions, maps, and weapons. In the patch's new plot, set three months after the main campaign, Rainbow is sent to handle a hostage situation in Gangwon.

## InfoBox

| Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Take-Down - Missions in Korea | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Kama Digital Entertainment |
| Publisher(s) | Kama Digital Entertainment |
| Series | *Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six* |
| Engine | Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Rogue Spear |
| Platform(s) | Windows |
| Release |  |
| Genre(s) | Tactical shooter |
| Mode(s) | Single-player, multiplayer |


title: Tom Goosby

abstract: Thomas Aaron Goosby was a former American football offensive lineman in the National Football League.

text:
# Tom Goosby

**Thomas Aaron Goosby** (May 24, 1939 – June 25, 2018) was a former American football offensive lineman in the National Football League.

## Football career

Goosby played for the Cleveland Browns and the Washington Redskins. He started Left Guard for the Redskins in 1966. He also played college football at Baldwin–Wallace College and was drafted in the fifteenth round of the 1962 NFL Draft as a redshirt. Goosby played on the Cleveland Browns in 1963 and the Washington Redskins in 1966. He missed the entire 1964 Browns season due to injury. Goosby was severely hampered by serious knee injuries which led to his early retirement from football.

## InfoBox

Tom Goosby
| No. 62, 69 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Guard |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1939-05-24)May 24, 1939
Alliance, Ohio, U.S. |
| Died: | June 25, 2018(2018-06-25) (aged 79)
Akron, Ohio, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) |
| Weight: | 235 lb (107 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Alliance (OH) |
| College: | Balwin–Wallace |
| NFL draft: | 1962 / round: 15 / pick: 207 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games played: 15 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |