# Rowing at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's coxless four

The women's coxless four event at the 2024 Summer Olympics took place from 28 July to 1 August 2024 at the Stade nautique de Vaires-sur-Marne. 36 rowers from 9 nations competed.

## Schedule

All times are Central European Time (UTC+2)

| Date | Time | Round |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Sunday, 28 July 2024 | **12:30** | **Heats** |
| Tuesday, 30 July 2024 | **11:30** | **Repechage** |
| Thursday, 1 August 2024 | **10:54** | **Final** |

## Rowers per team

| Number | Rowers | Nation |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Olympia Aldersey
Jean Mitchell
Lily Alton-Triggs
Molly Goodman | Australia |
| 2 | Zhang Shuxian
Liu Xiaoxin
Wang Zifeng
Xu Xingye | China |
| 3 | Esme Booth
Helen Glover
Sam Redgrave
Rebecca Shorten | Great Britain |
| 4 | Emily Hegarty
Eimear Lambe
Natalie Long
Imogen Magner | Ireland |
| 5 | Benthe Boonstra
Hermijntje Drenth
Tinka Offereins
Marloes Oldenburg | Netherlands |
| 6 | Iulia-Liliana Balaucă
Larisa Bogdan
Maria Lehaci
Maria-Magdalena Rusu | Romania |
| 7 | Jackie Gowler
Davina Waddy
Kerri Williams
Phoebe Spoors | New Zealand |
| 8 | Astrid Steensberg
Frida Sanggaard Nielsen
Marie Skytte Hauberg Johannesen
Julie Poulsen | Denmark |
| 9 | Emily Kallfelz
Kaitlin Knifton
Mary Mazzio-Manson
Kelsey Reelick | United States |

## Results

### Heats

The first two of each heat qualify for Final A, while the remainder go to the repechage phase in a second bid to qualify for the final.

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Lane | Nation | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | Great Britain | 6:42.57 | FA |
| 2 | 4 | New Zealand | 6:45.44 | FA |
| 3 | 5 | China | 6:49.12 | R |
| 4 | 1 | United States | 6:49.66 | R |
| 5 | 3 | Denmark | 6:56.70 | R |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Lane | Nation | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 4 | Netherlands | 6:43.71 | FA |
| 2 | 2 | Romania | 6:44.55 | FA |
| 3 | 1 | Ireland | 6:51.75 | R |
| 4 | 3 | Australia | 6:59.86 | R |

### Repechage

The first two in repechage heat qualify for Final A and rest go to Final B.

#### Repechage Heat

| Rank | Lane | Nation | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 2 | United States | 6:32.48 | FA |
| 2 | 4 | China | 6:33.60 | FA |
| 3 | 1 | Denmark | 6:35.65 | FB |
| 4 | 3 | Ireland | 6:38.10 | FB |
| 5 | 5 | Australia | 6:43.70 | FB |

### Finals

#### Final A

| Rank | Lane | Nation | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 4 | Netherlands | 6:27.13 |  |
|  | 3 | Great Britain | 6:27.31 |  |
|  | 2 | New Zealand | 6:29.08 |  |
| 4 | 5 | Romania | 6:29.52 |  |
| 5 | 6 | United States | 6:34.88 |  |
| 6 | 1 | China | 6:36.18 |  |

#### Final B

| Rank | Lane | Nation | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 7 | 1 | Ireland | 6:34.74 |  |
| 8 | 2 | Denmark | 6:36.43 |  |
| 9 | 3 | Australia | 6:39.28 |  |

## InfoBox

| Women's coxless four
at the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
| Olympic rowing | |
| Venue | Stade nautique de Vaires-sur-Marne |
| Dates | 28 July – 1 August 2024 |
| Competitors | 36 from 9 nations |
| Medalists | |
| Benthe Boonstra
Hermijntje Drenth
Tinka Offereins
Marloes Oldenburg  Netherlands  Esme Booth
Helen Glover
Sam Redgrave
Rebecca Shorten  Great Britain  Jackie Gowler
Davina Waddy
Kerri Williams
Phoebe Spoors  New Zealand | |
|


title: Markus Haris Maulana

abstract: Muhammad Markus Haris Maulana is an Indonesian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is now the goalkeeper coach for the Indonesia U16 national team. He made 37 appearances for the Indonesia national team.

text:
# Markus Haris Maulana

**Muhammad Markus Haris Maulana** (born as **Markus Horison Ririhina** on 14 March 1981) is an Indonesian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is now the goalkeeper coach for the Indonesia U16 national team. He made 37 appearances for the Indonesia national team.

## Club career

Maulana was born in Pangkalan Brandan, North Sumatra.

After five years playing for PSMS Medan, Maulana decided to move to Persik Kediri in 2008 but in the mid-season of 2008–09, he went back to his former club.

In the 2009–10 season of Indonesia Super League, Maulana played for Arema Malang. He also played for Persib Bandung after making his debut for the club on 21 February 2010 with 2–0 against Persisam Putra Samarinda as a substitute on the farewell match of Sinthaweechai Hathairattanakool.

## International career

Maulana's debut in the Indonesia national team came in a friendly match against Hongkong on 1 June 2007, which Indonesia won 3–0. He played once in the 2007 AFC Asian Cup, in Indonesia's 1–0 loss against South Korea on 18 July 2007. He participated in PON 2000 in East Java and PON 2004 in Sumatera Selatan.

## Post-playing career

In 2018, following his retirement as a player, Maulana became goalkeeping coach at Aceh United.

## Personal life

Maulana changed his name in August 2009 after converting to Islam. He was married to famous actress Kiki Amalia in November 2010. However, the marriage did not last long; Maulana filed for divorce in 2012 and they were legally divorced in June 2013.

Ahead of the upcoming 2024 elections, he is preparing himself to enter politics and has joined the PDI-P party. Currently Markus has become a cadre and is registered with the Bandung PDIP party management, he is even ready to compete for the seat of Bandung DPRD (Regional House of Representatives) member from electoral district 6 of Bandung.

## Honours

**PSMS Medan**

**Indonesia**

**Individual**

## InfoBox

Markus Haris Maulana
| Maulana in 2023 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Muhammad Markus Haris Maulana | | |
| Birth name | Markus Horison Ririhina | | |
| Date of birth | (1981-03-14) 14 March 1981 | | |
| Place of birth | Pangkalan Brandan, North Sumatra, Indonesia | | |
| Height | 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1998–2000 | Diklat PPLP Sumatra Selatan | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2000–2001 | PSL Langkat | 6 | (0) |
| 2001–2002 | PS Batam | 20 | (0) |
| 2002–2003 | Persiraja Banda Aceh | 23 | (0) |
| 2003–2008 | PSMS Medan | 150 | (0) |
| 2008–2009 | Persik Kediri | 22 | (0) |
| 2009 (6 Months) | PSMS Medan | 13 | (0) |
| 2009–2010 | Arema Indonesia | 7 | (0) |
| 2010–2011 | Persib Bandung | 35 | (0) |
| 2011–2012 | PSMS Medan | 18 | (0) |
| 2012–2013 | Persidafon Dafonsoro | 22 | (0) |
| 2013–2015 | PSM Makassar | 38 | (0) |
| 2015–2016 | PPSM Magelang | 20 | (0) |
| 2016–2017 | Assalam | 16 | (0) |
| Total |  | **390** | **(0)** |
| International career | | | |
| 2007–2012 | Indonesia | 37 | (0) |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 2018–2019 | Aceh United (Goalkeeper coach) | | |
| 2019–2023 | Indonesia U16 (Goalkeeper coach) | | |
| Medal record      Indonesia  AFF Championship  **Runner-up** 2010 Team | | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Eupterote fabia

abstract: Eupterote fabia is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Pieter Cramer in 1780. It is found in India, Sri Lanka and Bhutan. The wingspan is 90–130 mm. The ground colour of the adults is bright yellow. The larvae feed on the leaves of cardamom and coffee.

text:
# Eupterote fabia

***Eupterote fabia*** is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Pieter Cramer in 1780. It is found in India, Sri Lanka and Bhutan.

The wingspan is 90–130 mm. The ground colour of the adults is bright yellow.

The larvae feed on the leaves of cardamom and coffee.

## Subspecies

* *Eupterote fabia fabia*
* *Eupterote fabia acuminalba* van Eecke, 1924
* *Eupterote fabia asemos* Bryk, 1950
* *Eupterote fabia ochripicta* Moore, 1879 (Sri Lanka)

## InfoBox

| *Eupterote fabia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Male Eupterote fabia (Cramer 1780), upperside, wing venation, head from lateral | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Eupterotidae |
| Genus: | *Eupterote* |
| Species: | ***E. fabia*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eupterote fabia***<br>(Cramer, 1780) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Phalaena fabia* Cramer, \[1779\] * *Eupterote lucia* Butler, 1885 * *Eurhodia acuminalba* van Eecke, 1924 * *Eupterote alterata* Moore, 1884 * *Eupterote auriflua* Moore, 1884 * *Eupterote discordans* Butler, 1881 * *Eupterote fasciata* Moore, 1887 * *Eupterote gyras* Swinhoe, 1885 * *Eupterote immutata* Moore, 1884 * *Eupterote mutans* Walker, 1855 * *Eupterote ochripicta* Moore, 1879 * *Eupterote permutata* Moore, 1884 | |


title: Stargard railway station

abstract: Stargard railway station is a railway station serving the town of Stargard, in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. The station is located on the Poznań–Szczecin railway, Gdańsk–Stargard railway and Stargard–Godków railway. The train services are operated by PKP and Polregio. The first train pulled by a steam locomotive from Szczecin pulled into the station on 1 May 1846. In 1848, the line towards Poznan opened and from 1856 to 1859 a connection was made to Koszalin. At the end of the nineteenth century, connections to Pila and to Kostrzyn were built. The station was known as Stargard (Pommern) until 1945. Until 2015, the town was known as Stargard Szczeciński, the name of the station didn't change until June 2016.

text:
# Stargard railway station

**Stargard railway station** is a railway station serving the town of Stargard, in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. The station is located on the Poznań–Szczecin railway, Gdańsk–Stargard railway and Stargard–Godków railway. The train services are operated by PKP and Polregio.

The first train pulled by a steam locomotive from Szczecin pulled into the station on 1 May 1846. In 1848, the line towards Poznan opened and from 1856 to 1859 a connection was made to Koszalin. At the end of the nineteenth century, connections to Pila and to Kostrzyn were built.

The station was known as Stargard (Pommern) until 1945. Until 2015, the town was known as Stargard Szczeciński, the name of the station didn't change until June 2016.

## Train services

The station is served by the following services:

* Express Intercity services (EIC) *SzczecinWarsaw*
* Intercity services *Swinoujscie - Szczecin - Stargard - Krzyz - Poznan - Kutno - Warsaw - Bialystok / Lublin - Rzeszow - Przemysl*
* Intercity services *Swinoujscie - Szczecin - Stargard - Krzyz - Poznan - Leszno - Wroclaw - Opole - Katowice - Krakow - Rzeszow - Przemysl*
* Intercity services *Szczecin - Stargard - Krzyz - Poznan - Kutno - Lowicz - Lodz - Krakow*
* Intercity services *Szczecin - Stargard - Krzyz - Pila - Bydgoszcz - Torun - Kutno - Lowicz - Warsaw - Lublin - Rzeszow - Przemysl*
* Intercity services *Szczecin - Stargard - Kalisz Pomorski - Pila - Bydgoszcz*
* Intercity services *Szczecin - Stargard - Bialogard - Koszalin - Slupsk - Lębork - Gdynia - Gdansk - Malbork - Elblag - Olsztyn - Elk - Bialystok*
* Regional services (R) *Swinoujscie - Szczecin - Stargard - Dobiegniew - Krzyz - Wronki - Poznan*
* Regional services (R) *Szczecin - Stargard - Bialogard - Koszalin - Slupsk*
* Regional services (R) *Szczecin - Stargard - Kalisz Pomorski - Pila*

| Preceding station | PKP Intercity | | | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Szczecin Dabietowards Szczecin Główny |  | EIC |  | Choszcznotowards Warszawa Wschodnia |
| Preceding station | Polregio | | | Following station |
| Grzędzice Stargardzkietowards Świnoujście |  | PR |  | Witkowo Pyrzyckietowards Poznań Główny |
| Grzędzice Stargardzkietowards Szczecin Główny | | | | Ulikowotowards Słupsk |
| | | | | Ulikowotowards Piła Główna |

53°20′23″N 15°01′53″E / 53.3397°N 15.0314°E / 53.3397; 15.0314

## InfoBox

| Stargard
Stargard Szczeciński | |
| --- | --- |
| Railway Station | |
| Stargard railway station | |
| General information | |
| Location | Stargard, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Poland |
| Operated by | PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe |
| Line(s) | 202: Gdańsk–Stargard railway
351: Poznań–Szczecin railway
411: Stargard–Godków railway |
| Platforms | 5 |
| Tracks | 7 |
| History | |
| Opened | 1 May 1846 (1846-05-01) |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  StargardLocation in Poland | |


title: Hobro IK

abstract: Hobro Idræts Klub is a professional association football club based in the town of Hobro, Denmark, that competes in the 1st Division, the second tier of the Danish football league system. Founded in 1913, it is known by the short names 'Hobro IK' or 'HIK' and affiliated to DBU Jutland. The team plays its home matches at Hobro Stadium. The club won the 2016–17 Danish 1st Division.

text:
# Hobro IK

**Hobro Idræts Klub** (Danish pronunciation: \[hoˈpʁoˀ\]) is a professional association football club based in the town of Hobro, Denmark, that competes in the 1st Division, the second tier of the Danish football league system.

Founded in 1913, it is known by the short names 'Hobro IK' or 'HIK' and affiliated to DBU Jutland. The team plays its home matches at Hobro Stadium. The club won the 2016–17 Danish 1st Division.

## Managers

## Squad

### Current squad

*As of 3 September 2024*

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  1 GK  DEN Andreas Søndergaard  3 DF  DEN Jesper Bøge  4 DF  DEN Oliver Dorph  6 MF  DEN Frederik Mortensen  7 FW  DEN Oliver Klitten  8 MF  DEN Mikkel Pedersen  9 FW  DEN Søren Andreasen  10 FW  DEN Villads Rasmussen  11 MF  DEN Mathias Kristensen  12 DF  DEN Marius Jacobsen  13 DF  DEN Frederik Dietz  14 FW  DEN Jesper Cornelius  16 FW  DEN Oscar Meedom  17 MF  DEN Zander Hyltoft | No. Pos. Nation Player  18 DF  DEN Emil Søgaard  20 FW  BFA Moubarack Compaoré  22 DF  DEN Max Nielsen  23 FW  DEN Marco Bruhn  25 GK  DEN Jonas Dakir  26 MF  DEN Theo Hansen  27 DF  DEN Lukas Klitten  28 MF  DEN Lukas Sneftrup  29 DF  DEN Laurits Nørby  30 MF  DEN Jonas Sneftrup  37 FW  DEN Magnus Rosengreen  40 FW  DEN Mikkel Boye  47 MF  DEN Alexander Nathan  49 FW  DEN Valdemar Schmölker |
| --- | --- |

### Youth players in use 2024/25

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player |
| --- |

## InfoBox

Hobro IK
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Hobro Idræts Klub |
| Founded | 13 June 1913 (1913-06-13) |
| Ground | DS Arena |
| Capacity | 7,500 |
| Owner | Hobro IK A/S |
| Co-chairmen | * Lars Kühnel * Per Andersen |
| Head coach | Martin Thomsen |
| League | 1st Division |
| 2023–24 | 1st Division, 5th of 12 |
| Website | Club website |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Low-Flying Aircraft (film)

abstract: Low-Flying Aircraft is a 2002 Portuguese film from Swedish director Solveig Nordlund. Its main actors are Miguel Guilherme and Margarida Marinho. The film was based on the 1975 short story "Low Flying Aircraft" by J. G. Ballard. Margarida Marinho's performance was nominated in 2003 for the Golden Globe, Portugal for Best Actress in a Motion Picture.

text:
# Low-Flying Aircraft (film)

***Low-Flying Aircraft*** (original title ***Aparelho Voador a Baixa Altitude***, literally "Flying machines at low altitude") is a 2002 Portuguese film from Swedish director Solveig Nordlund. Its main actors are Miguel Guilherme and Margarida Marinho. The film was based on the 1975 short story "Low Flying Aircraft" by J. G. Ballard.

Margarida Marinho's performance was nominated in 2003 for the Golden Globe, Portugal for Best Actress in a Motion Picture.

* "Like Alice in Wonderland": Solveig Nordlund on J.G. Ballard  Rick McGrath interviews Solveig Nordlund about her feature film, Aparelho Voador a Baixa Altitude (2002).
* *Low-Flying Aircraft* at IMDb

## InfoBox

| Low-Flying Aircraft | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Solveig Nordlund |
| Written by | J. G. Ballard (short-story)
Solveig Nordlund
Colin Tucker
Jeanne Waltz |
| Produced by | François d'Artemare
Maria João Mayer
Solveig Nordlund |
| Starring | Miguel Guilherme
Margarida Marinho
Rui Morrison |
| Cinematography | Acácio de Almeida |
| Music by | Johan Zachrisson |
| Production
company | Filmes do Tejo |
| Countries | Portugal
Sweden |
| Language | Portuguese |


title: Montreal English Theatre Award

abstract: The Montreal English Theatre Awards are one of the most prestigious awards in the Montreal English theatre industry. The formal awards ceremony takes place annually in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

text:
# Montreal English Theatre Award

The **Montreal English Theatre Awards** (also known as the **META awards**) are one of the most prestigious awards in the Montreal English theatre industry. The formal awards ceremony takes place annually in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

## History

The Montreal English Theatre Awards were created in 2012, with support from the **Quebec Drama Federation**, its founding partner. The META awards were created to recognize work in Montreal's English theatre industry and promote emerging theatre artists and companies in Montreal. The first META ceremony was held in Montreal, in 2013.

## Statuette

The current META awards statuette awarded to individuals of winning categories is a hollow and tall, matte black cylinder, with the letters META engraved on the front, with a red interior. This specific statuette is the one awarded to the winners of each category, since 2014. Previously, in 2013, the statuette awarded had the same overall appearance, excluding the black exterior, which was replaced with a *false gold* exterior.

## Categories

### Annual Categories

* Outstanding Lead Performance – Actor
* Outstanding Lead Performance – Actress
* Outstanding Supporting Performance – Actor
* Outstanding Supporting Performance – Actress
* Outstanding Ensemble
* Outstanding Direction
* Outstanding Set Design
* Outstanding Costume Design
* Outstanding Lighting Design
* Outstanding Sound Design / Composition
* Outstanding Contribution to Theatre
* Outstanding Independent Production
* Outstanding PACT Production
* Outstanding Emerging Artist(s) – Performance
* Outstanding Emerging Artist(s) – Production
* Writing
* Outstanding New Text (Original or Adaptation)
* Outstanding New Translation
* Community
* Outstanding Community Production

### Special Awards

Special awards are decided exclusively to that year, by the META committee, highlighting the elements they feel deserve recognition.

1. News Desk, BWW. "METAs Recipients Announced for the 2019-20 season". *BroadwayWorld*. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
2. Simona Maratta, Alessia (November 4, 2019). "A full list of the Montreal English Theatre Award winners for the 2018-19 season". Global News. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
3. Burke, Jim (November 4, 2019). "Segal and Centaur win big at Montreal English Theatre Awards". The Montreal Gazette. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
4. Kelly, Jeanette (October 31, 2015). "Montreal English Theatre Awards: What's in a prize?". CBC News. Retrieved 30 November 2020.

Montreal English Theatre Awards \- Official Website

## InfoBox

| Montreal English Theatre Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| *Montreal English Theatre Awards* Official Logo | |
| Location | Montreal, Quebec |
| Country | Canada |


title: Floods in Australia

text:
# Floods in Australia

Australia has had over 160,708 floods in the last 10 years, many of which have taken out homes, wildlife and many habitats.

Floods that have occurred in the country of Australia:

| Date | Location | State(s) | Fatalities | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1806 | Melbourne | VIC | 4 |  |
| 1820 | Maitland | NSW |  |  |
| 1852 | Gundagai | NSW | 89 |  |
| 1863 | Melbourne (December) | VIC | 1 |  |
| 1867 | Hawkesbury River (June) | NSW | 12 |  |
| 1869 | Ballarat | VIC | 2 |  |
| 1891 | Melbourne (July) | VIC | 1 |  |
| 1893 | Brisbane flood | QLD | 11 |  |
| 1893 | Maitland | NSW | 9 |  |
| 1900 | Western Australian floods | WA |  |  |
| 1909 | Western Victorian floods | VIC | 4 |  |
| 1913 | Maitland | NSW | 1 |  |
| 1916 | Clermont | QLD | 65 |  |
| 1923 | Adelaide | SA | 3 |  |
| 1926 | Southwestern Australia | WA |  |  |
| 1927 | Wollombi | NSW |  |  |
| 1929 | Tasmanian Floods | TAS | 22 |  |
| 1930 | Maitland | NSW |  |  |
| 1931 | Maitland | NSW |  |  |
| 1934 | Yarra River | VIC | 35 |  |
| 1947 | June 1947 Tasmanian floods | TAS |  |  |
| 1949 | Maitland | NSW |  |  |
| 1950 | Maitland, Gippsland, West Queensland | NSW, VIC, QLD | 1 |  |
| 1951 | Maitland | NSW |  |  |
| 1952 | Maitland | NSW |  |  |
| 1955 | Maitland flood | NSW | 14 |  |
| 1955 | All southern states (August) | WA, SA, VIC, NSW, TAS | 2 |  |
| 1956 | Murray River flood | NSW, VIC, SA |  |  |
| 1970 | All eastern states (December) | QLD, NSW, VIC, TAS | 16 |  |
| 1971 | Canberra flood | ACT | 7 |  |
| 1971 | Tadpole flood | NSW |  |  |
| 1974 | Brisbane flood | QLD | 16 |  |
| 1984 Feb | West Dapto | NSW | not known |  |
| 1986 | Sydney | NSW | 6 |  |
| 1990 | East Coast | NSW | 7 |  |
| 1996 | Queensland and New South Wales | NSW & QLD | 4 |  |
| 1998 | Katherine
Townsville
Wollongong | NT, QLD, NSW | 3 |  |
| June 2007 | Hunter Valley/Maitland floods | NSW | 10 |  |
| June 2007 | Gippsland Floods | VIC |  |  |
| February 2008 | Mackay floods | QLD |  |  |
| September 2010 | Victorian floods (Sept) | VIC |  |  |
| March 2010 | Queensland floods (March) | QLD |  |  |
| December 2010 | Carnarvon/Gascoyne (December) | WA |  |  |
| December 2010  January 2011 | Queensland floods (Dec  Jan) | QLD | 35 |  |
| January 2011 | 2011 Victorian Floods (Jan) | VIC | 2 |  |
| August 2011 | Gippsland (August) | VIC | 1 |  |
| February  March 2012 | Eastern Australia (Feb  Mar) | NSW, VIC, QLD | 3 |  |
| March 2012 | Gippsland and Koo wee rup | VIC | 0 |  |
| January  February 2013 | 2013 Eastern Australia Floods (Jan) | QLD, NSW | 6 |  |
| April 2015 | 2015 Hunter Valley/Central Coast/Sydney Floods | NSW | 8 |  |
| May 2015 | South  East Queensland Flash Floods | QLD | 5 |  |
| June 2016 | Tasmanian Floods | TAS | 3 |  |
| September 2016 | Central West and Riverina Floods | NSW | 1 |  |
| February 2017 | Western Australian Floods | WA | 2 |  |
| Late March 2017 | Eastern Australian Floods caused by Cyclone Debbie | Southern Queensland, Northern NSW | 12 |  |
| January  February 2019 | Townsville flood | Queensland | 5 |  |
| February 2020 | Widespread flooding in Sydney basin and the Blue Mountains, flooding in central west to the north of NSW and flooding caused by Tropical Cyclone Damien in Karratha | NSW, WA | 0 |  |
| March 2021 | Widespread flooding in the Sydney basin and the Mid North Coast of NSW (2021 eastern Australia floods). Extending into South East Queensland | NSW, South East Queensland | 3
(*As of 25 March 2021*) |  |
| 9-10 June 2021 | Widespread flash flooding across Gippsland. 160,000 properties blacked out, some for 4 days or more. Traralgon in the Latrobe Valley was one of the hardest-hit places with 200 homes evacuated. | Victoria | 2 |  |
| November 2021 | Central Queensland | Queensland |  |  |
| January 2022 | Wide Bay-Burnett, Fraser Coast and Gympie Regions, caused by ex-Tropical Cyclone Seth | Queensland | 3 |  |
| February 2022 | Eastern Australia floods | Queensland, NSW | 23, 1 missing |  |
| March 2022 | Eastern Australia floods | South East Queensland, NSW | 4 |  |
| July 2022 | New South Wales | NSW | 1 |  |
| October 2022 | South eastern Australia floods | VIC, TAS, NSW | 7 |  |
| October 2023 | Gippsland | VIC |  |  |
| December 2023 | Cairns Flood | QLD |  |  |

## Further reading

* Devin, L.B. and D.L. Purcell (1983) *Flooding in Australia* Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service ISBN 0-644-02627-8 : (Water 2000 : consultants report no. 11)(Department of Resources and Energy).

Media related to Floods in Australia at Wikimedia Commons


title: Flav's Fried Chicken

abstract: Flav's Fried Chicken (FFC) was a fried chicken restaurant in Clinton, Iowa cofounded by American hype man Flavor Flav in January 2011. The restaurant closed in April 2011.

text:
# Flav's Fried Chicken

**Flav's Fried Chicken** (**FFC**) was a fried chicken restaurant in Clinton, Iowa cofounded by American hype man Flavor Flav in January 2011. The restaurant closed in April 2011.

## Operations

Flavor Flav partnered with Nick Cimino to open Flav's Fried Chicken in Cimino's hometown of Clinton, Iowa. Flav met Cimino through his brother Peter, who runs Mama Cimino's in Las Vegas. After enjoying the rapper's homemade fried chicken, Peter Cimino began selling chicken wings using Flav's recipe.

The founders hoped that Flav's Fried Chicken would be the first of a national restaurant franchise; like KFC, it used a secret recipe.

## Closure

Flav's Fried Chicken closed on Sunday, April 24, 2011. The circumstances behind the closing of the restaurant are disputed, with both Flav and Cimino attributing blame to each other.

Flav said he found potato salad expired during a trip to the restaurant. Cimino and employees denied those claims. Flav said he was pulling his name from FFC, because Cimino "mismanaged" the place and gave Flav a "bad reputation."

Cimino stated that Flav "came here and didn't know anything about the restaurant business." Flav said he was shutting the doors because "Cimino isn't running the business right", and employees were not getting paid. Cimino said a mistake happened with a credit card machine and claimed all wages had since been paid, although Cimino has a history of not paying employees.

Cimino said that the restaurant was pulling in enough profit, and the financial situation was not a reason to close. Cimino claimed that Flav didn't provide cash to the operation. He also alleged a lack of restaurant ownership knowledge, drug use and absenteeism on the part of Flav. Cimino cited other instances, like Flav's allegedly costing the business $14,000 by wanting to change the oil every hour.

41°51′14″N 90°11′11″W / 41.8538°N 90.1865°W / 41.8538; -90.1865

## InfoBox

| Flav's Fried Chicken | |
| --- | --- |
| Flav's Fried Chicken Sign | |
|  | |
| Restaurant information | |
| Established | January 2011 |
| Closed | April 2011 |
| Food type | Fried chicken, Soul food |
| Street address | 916 N Second St |
| City | Clinton |
| State | Iowa |


title: Eupterote harmani

abstract: Eupterote harmani is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1987. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of hill dipterocarp and upper montane forests.

text:
# Eupterote harmani

***Eupterote harmani*** is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1987. It is found on Borneo. The habitat consists of hill dipterocarp and upper montane forests.

## InfoBox

| *Eupterote harmani* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Eupterotidae |
| Genus: | *Eupterote* |
| Species: | ***E. harmani*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eupterote harmani***<br>Holloway, 1987 | |
|


title: Hofmeyria

abstract: - Distinguished from the Late Permian junior synonym of Akidnognathus "Hofmeyria". Hofmeyria is an extinct genus of therocephalians.

text:
# Hofmeyria

*Distinguished from the Late Permian junior synonym of Akidnognathus "Hofmeyria".*

***Hofmeyria*** is an extinct genus of therocephalians.

## InfoBox

| *Hofmeyria*
Temporal range: | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| *Clade*: | Synapsida |
| *Clade*: | Therapsida |
| *Clade*: | Therocephalia |
| Superfamily: | Whaitsioidea |
| Genus: | *Hofmeyria*
Broom, 1935 |
|
| Type species | |
| ***Hofmeyria atavus***
Broom, 1935 | |


title: Galigali Galixon

abstract: Galigali Galixon is a Japanese comedian. His real name is Yusuke Sakamoto. Galigali Galixon is represented with Yoshimoto Creative Agency in Osaka. He graduated from Kansai University First Junior High School and Kansai University First High School. Galigali Galixon won a degree from the Broadcasting Art College.

text:
# Galigali Galixon

**Galigali Galixon** (ガリガリガリクソン, *Garigari Garikuson*, born 19 February 1986, in Itami, Hyōgo, Japan) is a Japanese comedian. His real name is **Yusuke Sakamoto** (坂本 祐介, *Sakamoto Yūsuke*).

Galigali Galixon is represented with Yoshimoto Creative Agency in Osaka. He graduated from Kansai University First Junior High School and Kansai University First High School. Galigali Galixon won a degree from the Broadcasting Art College.

## Filmography

### TV series

| Year | Title | Network | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Arabiki Dan* | TBS |  |  |
| | *The Iromonea* | TBS | Cleared the "Gold Rush" for three weeks and won |  |
| | *Bakushō Red Carpet* | Fuji TV |  |  |
| | *Bakushō Pink Carpet* | Fuji TV |  |  |
| | *Bakushō Tryout* | NHK |  |  |
| | *On-Batt Plus* | NHK-G | Resulted in one win and loss, up to 481 KB |  |
| | *Asa Para* | YTV |  |  |
| | *Jalker Maxon* | MBS |  |  |
| | *All That's Manzai* | MBS |  |  |
| | *Shun-gē! Best 10* | ABC | Ranked 49 |  |
| | *Dai 41-kai Hatsumōde! Bakushō Hit Parad 2008* | Fuji TV | Didn't appear in the Shinshun Golden Pink Carpet |  |
| | *Owarai Dynamite!* | TBS |  |  |
| | *Umeka 24* | KTV | Episode 21, "Byōsatsu: No. 1 Gyagā Kettei-sen" |  |
| | *Kirin no Heya* | MBS | Infomercial |  |
| | *Honban de~su!* | TV Tokyo | Episode 42 |  |
| | *Lincoln* | TBS | 2 Hour Special |  |
| | *Sekaiichi Mijikai Gag-sai! Owarai Merry-go-round* | TBS | Appeared in *21-seiki Edison* corner |  |
| | *Muhaha no Takajin* | KTV |  |  |
| | *Ima-chan no "Jitsu wa..."* | ABC |  |  |
| | *Gokigen! Burannyu* | ABC | As "Osaka Fat Boys" with Seitaro Mukai |  |
| | *Konya mo Hustle* | Sun TV | Studio guest |  |
| | *Enta no Kamisama* | NTV |  |  |
| | *Oja Mama! F* | KTV |  |  |
| 2009 | *Tu's Day Comics: Samurai Tuto* | TBS |  |  |
| 2010 | *Hami Dasu Sainō Kyōiku Variety!! Koyabu Starion* | ABC |  |  |
| | *UnNan no Rough na Kanji de* | TBS |  |  |
| | *Kakyuun!* | KTV | "Samurai Project – Sports Jikken Document: Nīto Geinin, Nihon vs. Cameroon o Cameroon de Totsugeki Ōen" |  |
| | *Zakkuri Senshi Piramekid* | TV Tokyo | As Kuroike / Shirokuro Kaijin Daradarā |  |
| | *Seken no Uragawa nozoki mi Variety: Ura Mayo!* | KTV | Thursday MC |  |
| 2011 | *Ahoyanen! Sukiyanen!* | NHK Osaka |  |  |
| 2012 | *Puripuri* | MBS | "Odekake! Gariku Shun" reporter, regular Tuesday appearances |  |
| 2014 | *NMB48 Works Part-time So "Meccha"* | KTV | Narration |  |
|  | *Spa Sho Area* | Space Shower TV | As the voice of heaven |  |

### TV drama

| Year | Title | Role | Network | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | *Lucky Seven* |  | Fuji TV |  |
| 2015 | *Prison School* | Reiji "Andre" Ando | MBS |  |

### Films

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | *Inside Out* | Train worker | Japanese dub |  |
| 2017 | *Gintama* | Redacted | Scene Redacted |  |

### Radio

| Year | Title | Network | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Ushi Bara* | MBS Radio |  |  |
| | *Pikapika High Heel* | MBS Radio |  |  |
| | *Radio Yoshimoto: Muccha Genki!* | Radio Osaka | Thursday appearances |  |
| | *Radio Denden Town* | Radio Osaka |  |  |
| 2016 | *Sumaraji W "Messenger Aihara no Yoru wa korekara!* | MBS Radio |  |  |

### Advertisements

| Title |
| --- |
| Tomy Aero Spider |

## InfoBox

| Galigali Galixon | |
| --- | --- |
| ガリガリガリクソン | |
| Born | Yusuke Sakamoto
(1986-02-19) February 19, 1986
Itami, Hyōgo, Japan |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Education |  |
| Occupation | Comedian |
| Years active | 20002017 |
| Agent | Yoshimoto Creative Agency |
| Known for | * *Arabiki Dan* * *The Iromonea* * *Bakushō Red Carpet* * *Enta no Kamisama* * *NMB48 Works Part-time So "Meccha"* |
| Height | 1.76 m (5 ft 9 in) |


title: Lovington Fire Department Building

abstract: The Lovington Fire Department Building, also known as the Lovington Fire Station, is a fire station in Lovington, New Mexico which was built in 1941. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. It is a one-story building with two fire engine bays. It was built as a Works Progress Administration project during 1941-42 and served as Lovington's city hall, as well as its fire station. It is optimistically described as having International Style architecture. A new fire and police department building was constructed in 1984, just to the south; the historic building continued to serve by providing space for training and as a repair shop.

text:
# Lovington Fire Department Building

The **Lovington Fire Department Building**, also known as the **Lovington Fire Station**, is a fire station in Lovington, New Mexico which was built in 1941. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

It is a one-story building with two fire engine bays. It was built as a Works Progress Administration project during 1941-42 and served as Lovington's city hall, as well as its fire station.

It is optimistically described as having International Style architecture.

A new fire and police department building was constructed in 1984, just to the south; the historic building continued to serve by providing space for training and as a repair shop.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Lovington Fire Department Building | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| NM State Register of Cultural Properties | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 209 S Love St, Lovington, New Mexico |
| Coordinates | 32°56′49″N 103°20′51″W / 32.94694°N 103.34750°W / 32.94694; -103.34750 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1941-42 |
| Architectural style | International Style |
| MPS | New Deal in New Mexico MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 08000574 |
| NMSRCP No. | 1926 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | July 2, 2008 |
| Designated NMSRCP | April 4, 2008 |


title: Goodwill, West Virginia

abstract: Goodwill is an unincorporated community in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. Goodwill is 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Montcalm. The community was named after one Mr. Goodwill, the proprietor of a local mine.

text:
# Goodwill, West Virginia

**Goodwill** is an unincorporated community in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. Goodwill is 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Montcalm.

The community was named after one Mr. Goodwill, the proprietor of a local mine.

## InfoBox

| Goodwill, West Virginia | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Goodwill, West VirginiaLocation within the state of West VirginiaGoodwill, West VirginiaGoodwill, West Virginia (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 37°21′15″N 81°17′22″W / 37.35417°N 81.28944°W / 37.35417; -81.28944 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | West Virginia |
| County | Mercer |
| Elevation | 2,280 ft (690 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Area code(s) | 304 & 681 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1554581 |


title: Roy Mugerwa

abstract: Roy D. Mugerwa was a Ugandan physician, cardiologist and researcher. His contribution to the world of academics include being a Professor Emeritus at Makerere University College of Health Sciences in Kampala, cardiology in Uganda, researching HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, and his efforts to find an effective HIV vaccine.

text:
# Roy Mugerwa

**Roy D. Mugerwa** (January 2, 1942 – April 19, 2019) was a Ugandan physician, cardiologist and researcher. His contribution to the world of academics include being a Professor Emeritus at Makerere University College of Health Sciences in Kampala, cardiology in Uganda, researching HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, and his efforts to find an effective HIV vaccine.

## Background

Dr. Mugerwa was born on January 2, 1942, to Yowana Ziryawula and Maria Namatovu. He pursued his education at St. Mary's College Kisubi for both the O-Level and A-Level and was at the top of his class for all six years. Upon graduation, he admitted to Makerere University, Uganda's oldest and largest public university, and completed both undergraduate and masters programs. He received training in medicine and cardiology at Mulago Hospital and also pursued higher level instruction in the United States, United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. He then returned to Uganda and developed a career in Kampala, serving as faculty at both Mulago Hospital and Makerere University.

## Career

### Early career

Dr. Mugerwa's initial specialization was cardiology, and this is what he pursued in the early stages of his career. By 1972, he was one of the first five research fellows to be trained at Mulago Cardiac Clinic, which is the precursor of the present-day Uganda Heart Institute (UHI). Not only did Dr. Mugerwa have a role in founding UHI, but he also served as both Executive Director and Director. Among his other efforts in the world of cardiac health in Uganda are introducing the practice of echocardiography, founding the country's first hypertension clinic, and establishing the Uganda Heart Association.

### HIV/AIDS epidemic

Dr. Mugerwa's career would take a turn away from cardiology after the discovery of HIV/AIDS being present in Uganda. When scientist Wilson Carswell first confirmed there were HIV positive patients in Mulago Hospital in 1984, Dr. Mugerwa was part of a team that joined him as they went Masaka and Rakai and ascertained that the virus had spread there too. They published their findings in 1985, believing these Ugandans suffered from a manifestation of AIDS called Slim Disease, although it would later be known that they were dying of AIDS. In October 1985, shortly after their Slim Disease publication, Dr. Mugerwa attended a Workshop on AIDS in Central Africa, which was put on by the World Health Organization (WHO). The workshop discussed the establishment of an AIDS Surveillance System in every African country, which would be charged with confirming the presence of AIDS and collecting data. Dr. Mugerwa, along with two other colleagues, was appointed to Uganda's AIDS Surveillance Sub-Committee, and by 1986 they had succeeded in implementing public health efforts such as educational programs, supplying condoms, and screening potentially infected blood donors. They also emphasized mutual monogamy, openly disclosing one's HIV status, and increasing the number of available HIV tests.

In the 1980s, Dr. Mugerwa was the Director of Medicine at Mulago Hospital, where the patient prevalence of AIDS reached up to 40% in 1988. During this time, he struggled with low access to confirmatory HIV tests, hospital overcrowding, and the challenge of deciding to tell patients they were dying of AIDS, due to the stigma and shame surrounding the disease. Outside of hospital work, he was one of the founding members of the Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration and held the position of lead principal investigator for twenty years. The main focus of this collaboration was HIV/AIDS and coinfection of tuberculosis in HIV-positive individuals, and this was conducted mainly through clinical studies, providing care to patients, and investigating treatment and prevention methods. Founded in 1988, the collaboration continues to this day. At its 20th anniversary celebration, it was stated that the collaboration had provided over fifty Ugandans with upper level degrees, published over two-hundred articles in peer-reviewed journals, and presented at over five-hundred conferences. Dr. Mugerwa was also a member of the Academic Alliance for AIDS Care and Prevention in Africa. Established in 2001, the Alliance succeeded in providing treatment to patients with HIV/AIDS, training medical providers about HIV/AIDS care, installing programs to increase outreach and prevention efforts, and providing lab resources. The Infectious Disease Institute at Makerere University broke ground in 2003 to help carry out these efforts.

Around this time, suspicions that questioned if HIV truly causes AIDS were circulating, and these were supported by South Africa's president Thabo Mbeki. In opposition to these denialist claims, over five-thousand scientists signed the Durban Declaration in 2000, which cited multiple studies that link HIV as the only cause of AIDS. Dr. Mugerwa demonstrated his support for the Durban Declaration's stance by being on its Organizing Committee.

### HIV vaccine trial

From 1999 to 2002, Dr. Mugerwa conducted a clinical trial of a potential HIV vaccine in Uganda, the first of its kind in Africa. There were concerns about the safety of the volunteers that were recruited, but the normal ethics requirements were waived due to the need for a vaccine as quickly as possible. Uganda had an HIV prevalence of around 20% in 1998, and most citizens could not afford the antiretrovirals needed to prevent the development of AIDS. The prospect of testing a vaccine, however, was not without controversy. There were fears about the vaccine's scientific merit, vaccine recipients falsely testing positive for HIV, and the use of Ugandans as guinea pigs for risky experiments that would only benefit the West.

The vaccine (named ALVAC 205) was tested on forty HIV-negative Ugandans, but was stopped in phase I after newer vaccines started to receive more attention. There was previously doubt about whether the different subtypes of HIV would need different vaccines, but volunteers that received the ALVAC 205 vaccine (designed to fight subtype B) produced blood samples that showed resistance to subtypes A and D as well. This demonstrated that a single HIV vaccine could potentially be effective against multiple HIV subtypes.

## Personal life

Mugerwa was married to Rosemary Kibulo Mugerwa, a physical therapist, and they had eleven children together. Many of them followed their parents' example and also pursued careers in the medical field. Outside of his profession, he was both a businessman and a farmer. His wife preceded him in death in November 2018.

## Death

Mugerwa died on 19 April 2019, at Nakasero Hospital in Kampala. At the time of his death, he was a Professor Emeritus at Makerere University, where he had also gone to school and conducted research programs. He was said to be suffering from depression, which led to an onset of other illnesses. He was buried in Meru Village, located in Southwestern Uganda.

## Selected publications

* Serwadda, D.; Sewankambo, N.K.; Carswell, J.W.; Bayley, A.C.; Tedder, R.S.; Weiss, R.A.; Mugerwa, R.D.; Lwegaba, A.; Kirya, G.B.; Downing, R.G.; Clayden, S.A.; Dalgleish, A.G. (October 1985). "Slim Disease: A New Disease in Uganda and ITS Association with HTLV-III Infection". *The Lancet*. **326** (8460): 849–852. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(85)90122-9. PMID 2864575. S2CID 29225611.
* Mugerwa, RD; Marum, LH; Serwadda, D (January 1996). "Human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS in Uganda". *East African Medical Journal*. **73** (1): 20–6. PMID 8625856.
* Mugerwa, Roy D.; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Mugyenyi, Peter; Katongole-Mbidde, Edward; Hom, David L.; Byaruhanga, Rose; Salata, Robert A.; Ellner, Jerrold J. (26 January 2002). "First trial of the HIV-1 vaccine in Africa: Ugandan experience". *BMJ*. **324** (7331): 226–229. doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7331.226. PMC 1122137. PMID 11809648.
* Kaleebu, Pontiano; Abimiku, Alash'le; El-Halabi, Shenaaz; Koulla-Shiro, Sinata; Mamotte, Nicole; Mboup, Souleymane; Mugerwa, Roy; Nkengasong, John; Toure-Kane, Coumba; Tucker, Tim; Wassenaar, Douglas; Williamson, Carolyn; Wolday, Dawit (2 December 2008). "African AIDS Vaccine Programme for a Coordinated and Collaborative Vaccine Development Effort on the Continent". *PLOS Medicine*. **5** (12): e236. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050236. PMC 2592353. PMID 19053171.
* Mahan, C. Scott; Walusimbi, Maria; Johnson, Denise F.; Lancioni, Christina; Charlebois, Edwin; Baseke, Joyce; Chervenak, Keith A.; Mugerwa, Roy D.; Havlir, Diane V.; Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet; Whalen, Christopher C.; Boom, W. Henry; Collaboration, for the Uganda-Case Western Research (22 February 2010). "Tuberculosis Treatment in HIV Infected Ugandans with CD4 Counts \>350 Cells/mm3 Reduces Immune Activation with No Effect on HIV Load or CD4 Count". *PLOS ONE*. **5** (2): e9138. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.9138M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009138. PMC 2825253. PMID 20179751.
* Jones-López, Edward C.; Ayakaka, Irene; Levin, Jonathan; Reilly, Nancy; Mumbowa, Francis; Dryden-Peterson, Scott; Nyakoojo, Grace; Fennelly, Kevin; Temple, Beth; Nakubulwa, Susan; Joloba, Moses L.; Okwera, Alphonse; Eisenach, Kathleen D.; McNerney, Ruth; Elliott, Alison M.; Ellner, Jerrold J.; Smith, Peter G.; Mugerwa, Roy D. (15 March 2011). "Effectiveness of the Standard WHO Recommended Retreatment Regimen (Category II) for Tuberculosis in Kampala, Uganda: A Prospective Cohort Study". *PLOS Medicine*. **8** (3): e1000427. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000427. PMC 3058098. PMID 21423586.

## InfoBox

| Roy Mugerwa | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1942-01-02)January 2, 1942 |
| Died | April 19, 2019(2019-04-19) (aged 77)
Nakasero Hospital, Kampala, Uganda |
| Citizenship | Uganda |
| Education | **Makerere University**
(Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery)
(Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine) |
| Occupation(s) | Physician, Researcher, Academic |
| Known for | Cardiology, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis research |
| Title | Professor Emeritus at Makerere University College of Health Sciences |


title: Floodplain restoration

abstract: Floodplain restoration is the process of fully or partially restoring a river's floodplain to its original conditions before having been affected by the construction of levees (dikes) and the draining of wetlands and marshes. The objectives of restoring floodplains include the reduction of the incidence of floods, the provision of habitats for aquatic species, the improvement of water quality and the increased recharge of groundwater.

text:
# Floodplain restoration

**Floodplain restoration** is the process of fully or partially restoring a river's floodplain to its original conditions before having been affected by the construction of levees (dikes) and the draining of wetlands and marshes.

The objectives of restoring floodplains include the reduction of the incidence of floods, the provision of habitats for aquatic species, the improvement of water quality and the increased recharge of groundwater.

## Description

### Types/methods

Anthropogenic impacts on floodplain mostly target the lateral connectivity between rivers and their floodplains, so many restoration methods focus on removing human-made structures that disrupt connectivity. One type of floodplain restoration are levee setbacks and dam removal, either full or partial, to allow for rivers to migrate within a space that is closer to the natural floodplain. Another method is through a "beaded approach" with allows small portions of a floodplain to be restored to natural habitat and functions . The removal of levees and/or weirs can allow for the reconnection of river channels to their floodplain. Riverside embankments through the creation of overflow sills and creating artificial opening at inflow channels can help increase channel connectivity to the floodplain. Restoring drained or degraded wetlands can help increase floodplain connectivity.

### Potential benefits

Floodplain restoration can restore previously lost or degraded ecosystem services. These ecosystem services can be categorized by supporting, regulating, provisioning, and cultural services. Restoring floodplains can help regulate flood events and mitigate flood related damage. Floodplain restoration can also increase biodiversity by creating new or restoring degraded habitat and encourage growth of native species. Methods of wetland restoration in the floodplain, can help better water quality. Reconnecting rivers to their floodplains promotes carbon storage in soil and regulates processes within soil.

### Challenges

There are several issues that may arise when planning and/or implementing floodplain restoration projects. Since floodplain restoration involves a wide range of partnerships and stakeholders, a lack of communication between parties and differences ideas or priorities for restoration goals can be a constraint for restoration projects. There is also the potential for a higher value or desire placed into immediate flood-defense and current land-use practices rather than the ecological or environmental benefits, which can stall or prevent floodplain restoration. It is also important to include the socio-economic aspects of floodplain restoration, so when this becomes a constraint to projects that do not consider these aspects. Restoration efforts need to be properly and continuously monitored to determine effectiveness and benefits.

## Examples of existing projects

### Africa

### Asia and The Pacific

### Europe

One of the drivers for floodplain restoration is the EU Water Framework Directive. Early floodplain restoration schemes were undertaken in the mid-1990s in the Rheinvorland-Süd on the Upper Rhine, the Bourret on the Garonne, and as part of the Long Eau project in England. Ongoing schemes in 2007 include Lenzen on the Elbe, La Basse on the Seine and the Parrett Catchment Project in England. On the Elbe River near Lenzen (Brandenburg), 420 hectares of floodplain were restored in order to prevent a recurrence of the Elbe floods of 2002. A total of 20 floodplain restoration projects on the Elbe River were envisaged after the 2002 floods, but only two have been implemented as of 2009 according to the environmental group de:BUND.

### Latin America and the Caribbean

### North America

Floodplain restoration in the United States is driven by The Clean Water Act (1972), The Endangered Species Act (1973), and various state level legislations.


title: Flava (song)

abstract: "Flava" is a song by English-Australian singer-songwriter Peter Andre, released by Melodian and Mushroom as the fifth single from Andre's second studio album, Natural (1996). The song includes a rap by American rapper Cee and spent one week at number one on the UK Singles Chart in September 1996, becoming Andre's first number-one single in the UK. "Flava" also reached top 10 in Denmark, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, and the Wallonia region of Belgium.

text:
# Flava (song)

"**Flava**" is a song by English-Australian singer-songwriter Peter Andre, released by Melodian and Mushroom as the fifth single from Andre's second studio album, *Natural* (1996). The song includes a rap by American rapper Cee and spent one week at number one on the UK Singles Chart in September 1996, becoming Andre's first number-one single in the UK. "Flava" also reached top 10 in Denmark, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, and the Wallonia region of Belgium.

## Critical reception

Kevin Courtney from *Irish Times* commented, "The man with the six pack stomach and the penchant for nursery rhyme reggae tunes returns with a rapping sort of tune in the vein of Backstreet Boys. This one is not quite as irritating as "Mysterious Girl", but the thought of more video close ups of Mr Andre's abs is just too horrible to contemplate." British magazine *Music Week* gave the song four out of five, writing, "Matching "Mysterious Girl" is going to be tough, but "Flava" has a warm R&B sound, a catchy chorus and enough class to become another winner."

## Track listings

* **7-inch and cassette single**

1. "Flava" (7-inch edit)
2. "To the Top"

* **European and Australian CD1**

1. "Flava" (radio 7-inch edit) – 4:01
2. "Flava" (Benz mix) – 4:05
3. "Flava" (Richie P mix) – 4:01
4. "Flava" (Crichton & Morris 12-inch mix) – 6:18

1. "Flava" (radio 7-inch edit) – 4:01
2. "Flava" (Slammin' 12-inch) – 6:49
3. "Flava" (Crichton & Morris 7-inch mix) – 4:41
4. "Flava" (Jungle mix) – 5:10

## Charts

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000^ |
| ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "Flava" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Peter Andre | |
| from the album  *Natural* | |
| B-side | "To the Top" |
| Released | 2 September 1996 (1996-09-02) |
| Genre | R&B |
| Length | 3:35 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Andy Whitmore |
| Peter Andre singles chronology | |
| "Only One"
(1996) "**Flava**"
(1996) "I Feel You"
(1996) | |


title: Mabry A. Carlton

abstract: Mabry A. Carlton was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives.

text:
# Mabry A. Carlton

**Mabry A. Carlton** (January 4, 1903 – June 13, 1959) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Carlton was born in Zolfo Springs, Florida. He attended the University of Florida.

Carlton served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1943 to 1945 and again from 1949 to 1951.

Carlton died on June 13, 1959, in a boating accident, at the age of 56.

## InfoBox

| Mabry A. Carlton | |
| --- | --- |
| Carlton in 1949 | |
|  | |
| Member of the
Florida House of Representatives
from Duval County | |
| **In office**
1943–1945 | |
| **In office**
1949–1951 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1903-01-04)January 4, 1903
Zolfo Springs, Florida, U.S. |
| Died | June 13, 1959(1959-06-13) (aged 56) |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Alma mater | University of Florida |
|  | |


title: North Carolina Highway 99

abstract: North Carolina Highway 99 (NC 99) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina in the central Coastal Plain region of the state. It runs from NC 92 and NC 306 east of Bath to NC 32 and NC 45 south of Plymouth. The highway serves the towns of Belhaven and Pantego. NC 99 also serves as a partial link between Bath, Belhaven and Plymouth. The highway primarily runs through rural regions of Beaufort County, Hyde County, and Washington County. NC 99 was first established in 1935, running from U.S. Route 264 (US 264) 8 miles (13 km) east of Washington to NC 97 northwest of Pantego. The original highway was decommissioned by 1940 but was reestablished running from US 264 in Pantego to NC 32 south of Plymouth. NC 99 was extended south from Pantego to NC 92 and NC 306 in 1985, partially replacing NC 92 south of Belhaven.

text:
# North Carolina Highway 99

**North Carolina Highway 99** (**NC 99**) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina in the central Coastal Plain region of the state. It runs from NC 92 and NC 306 east of Bath to NC 32 and NC 45 south of Plymouth. The highway serves the towns of Belhaven and Pantego. NC 99 also serves as a partial link between Bath, Belhaven and Plymouth. The highway primarily runs through rural regions of Beaufort County, Hyde County, and Washington County.

NC 99 was first established in 1935, running from U.S. Route 264 (US 264) 8 miles (13 km) east of Washington to NC 97 northwest of Pantego. The original highway was decommissioned by 1940 but was reestablished running from US 264 in Pantego to NC 32 south of Plymouth. NC 99 was extended south from Pantego to NC 92 and NC 306 in 1985, partially replacing NC 92 south of Belhaven.

## Route description

NC 99 begins at an intersection with NC 92 and NC 306 east of Bayview and Bath in Beaufort County. The intersection also marks the eastern terminus of NC 92 and the northern terminus of NC 306. From its southern terminus, NC 99 begins by heading to the east, running adjacent to the Pamlico River. The highway makes a northeastward turn 0.2 miles (0.32 km) of its southern terminus. It then runs through a rural area of Beaufort County, with farms, forested areas, and some sparse residential buildings located adjacent to the road. Following the crossing of a tributary of the Pamlico River, it makes several turns and begins running east. At an intersection with Secondary Road 1722 (SR 1722), NC 99 turns to the northeast toward Belhaven. It continues to the north for 3.5 miles (5.6 km) until crossing Pungo Creek, which drains to the Pungo River. NC 99 continues to the northeast, crossing the Pungo River and entering into Belhaven. It runs to the northeast in Belhaven, crossing a railroad operated by the Carolina Coastal Railway. Immediately after crossing the railroad, NC 99 intersects US 264 and US 264 Business at Main Street. NC 99 turns to concurrently follow US 264 to the northwest. The highways travel through a residential area of northwestern Belhaven before exiting the town.

Travelling north of Belhaven, US 264 and NC 99 generally parallel the Carolina Coastal Railway line. They cross an irrigation canal that connects to the Pungo River, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Belhaven and continue north for 0.8 miles (1.3 km) before turning west toward Pantego. US 264 and NC 99 enter Pantego from the west, picking up the name Main Street and initially traveling through a residential area. NC 99 splits from US 264 in the central business district of Pantego, turning to the north. For 0.4 miles (0.64 km), NC 99 is routed to the northwest, largely paralleling the Pungo River. At an intersection with Swindell Road and Pungo Road, NC 99 turns to the northeast along Pungo Road. The highway enters a largely rural area between the Swindell Road intersection and its intersection NC 45. It makes several curves that give NC 99 a northerly orientation, and the highway begins to parallel a canal. An intersection with NC 45 is located southwest of Lake Phelps in Union Grove which marks the southern end of the NC 45 and NC 99 concurrency. NC 45 and NC 99 continue for 3.2 miles (5.1 km) to the northwest before exiting Beaufort County and entering Hyde County. The highways run for 0.1 miles (0.16 km) through a corner of Hyde County before entering into Washington County. NC 45 and NC 99 continue northwest for 7.9 miles (12.7 km) through rural Washington County. The northern terminus of NC 99 is located at an intersection with NC 32 and NC 45 south of Plymouth, marking the northern terminus of the NC 45 concurrency. At the intersection, NC 45 turns north to run concurrently with NC 32, providing access to Plymouth.

The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) measures average daily traffic volumes along many of the roadways it maintains. In 2016, average daily traffic volumes along NC 99 varied from 1,100 vehicles per day southwest of the intersection with Sidney Road in Beaufort County to 5,400 vehicles per day southwest of the intersection with US 264 and US 264 Business in Belhaven. No section of NC 99 is included within the National Highway System, a network of highways in the United States which serve strategic transportation facilities, nor does it connect to the system at any point.

## History

### Previous designation

| North Carolina Highway 99 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | US 264NC 97 |
| Length | 14 mi (23 km) |
| Existed | 1935–1940 |

NC 99 first appeared on North Carolina state transportation maps in 1935 running from US 264 east of Bunyon to NC 97 approximately 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Pantego. The entire route was located in Beaufort County. The highway was approximately 14 miles (23 km) and followed a northeast-southwest direction between its termini. At its establishment, NC 99 followed a graded road for its entire length. By 1940, NC 99 was decommissioned and replaced by NC 32 northeast of Bunyon.

### Current designation

The current designation of NC 99 first appeared on North Carolina state transportation maps in 1940, running from US 264 in Pantego to NC 32 south of Plymouth. At the time of establishment, NC 99 was considered a dirt road for its entire length. By 1946, NC 99 was upgraded to a gravel-topsoil road between its termini. Much of the road was paved by 1948, with the exception of a segment in Hyde County, southern Washington County, and northern Beaufort County. The remaining segment was paved by 1951. NC 45 was routed to run concurrently with NC 99 from Union Grove to NC 32 on August 1, 1980. On April 1, 1985, NC 99 was extended south along US 264 to Belhaven. South of Belhaven, NC 99 was routed to replace NC 92 to NC 306. The route of NC 99 has remained the same since 1985.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Beaufort |  | 0.0 | 0.0 |

NC 92 west / NC 306 south (Bayview–Aurora Ferry) Bath, Aurora | Southern terminus; Eastern terminus of NC 92; Northern terminus of NC 306 |
| | Belhaven | 11.4 | 18.3 |

US 264 east / US 264 Bus. east (Main Street) Swan Quarter | Eastern end of US 264 overlap |
| | Pantego | 15.1 | 24.3 |
US 264 west (Main Street) Washington | Western end of US 264 overlap |
| | Union Grove | 22.0 | 35.4 |
NC 45 south / Bell Road Pocosin Lakes National Wildlife Refuge | Southern end of NC 45 overlap |
| Hyde
 | No major junctions | | | | | | | |
| Washington |  | 33.3 | 53.6 |
NC 32 north / NC 45 Washington, Plymouth | Northern terminus; Northern end of NC 45 overlap |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
 | | | | | |

Template:Attached KML/North Carolina Highway 99KML is from Wikidata

## InfoBox

| North Carolina Highway 99 | |
| --- | --- |
| NC 99 highlighted in red | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by NCDOT | |
| Length | 33.3 mi (53.6 km) |
| Existed | c.1940–present |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | NC 92 / NC 306 near Bayview |
| Major intersections | US 264 in Belhaven |
| North end | NC 32 / NC 45 near Plymouth |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | North Carolina |
| Counties | Beaufort, Hyde, Washington |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| NC 98   NC 100 | |


title: Hofmillerstraße

abstract: The Hofmillerstraße, named after the critic and translator, Josef Hofmiller (1872–1933), is a street in the Munich district of Obermenzing, which was built around 1897.

text:
# Hofmillerstraße

The **Hofmillerstraße**, named after the critic and translator, Josef Hofmiller (1872–1933), is a street in the Munich district of Obermenzing, which was built around 1897.

## History

The street, originally called IV. Apfelallee, is a west-east oriented street of the Villenkolonie Pasing II, which connects the Alte Allee with the Marschnerstraße. The Hofmillerstraße, until the First World War, was first built up with a loose construction of single-family houses. In the last decades, the vacant lots have been built up with blocks of flats.

In the spring of 2016 the road received a new bitumen cover.

## Historical buildings

* Hofmillerstraße 4 (Villa)
* Hofmillerstraße 11 (Villa)
* Hofmillerstraße 26 (Villa)
* Hofmillerstraße 30 (Villa)
* Hofmillerstraße 32 (Villa)
* Hofmillerstraße 34 (Villa)

* Dennis A. Chevalley, Timm Weski: Landeshauptstadt München – Südwest (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Protection \[ed.\]: Denkmäler in Bayern. Vol. I.2/2). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-87490-584-5, p. 304.


title: Mell Reasco

abstract: Mell Elizabeth Reasco González is an Ecuadorian tennis player.

text:
# Mell Reasco

**Mell Elizabeth Reasco González** (born 23 July 2002) is an Ecuadorian tennis player.

## Career

Reasco reached a career-high ITF juniors ranking of 20, achieved on 24 February 2020.

She has won two singles titles and two doubles titles on the ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. On 31 January 2022, she recorded her career-high singles ranking of world No. 461. On 1 August 2022, she peaked at No. 492 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Reasco made her Fed Cup debut for Ecuador in 2019.

## ITF Circuit finals

### Singles: 2 (2 titles)

| Legend  $25,000 tournaments  $15,000 tournaments | Finals by surface  Hard (1–0)  Clay (1–0) |
| --- | --- |

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Win | 1–0 | Jun 2021 | ITF Monastir, Tunisia | 15,000 | Hard | Katarina Kozarov | 7–6(7), 3–6, 6–4 |
| Win | 2–0 | Jun 2023 | ITF Buenos Aires, Argentina | 15,000 | Clay | Romina Ccuno | 6–3, 6–2 |

### Doubles: 6 (2 titles, 4 runner–ups)

| Legend  $25,000 tournaments  $15,000 tournaments | Finals by surface  Hard (1–0)  Clay (1–4) |
| --- | --- |

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Loss | 0–1 | Oct 2019 | ITF Santiago, Chile | 15,000 | Clay | Antonia Samudio | Romina Ccuno
Melissa Morales | 3–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Jul 2021 | ITF Cairo, Egypt | 15,000 | Clay | Alica Rusová | Zhibek Kulambayeva
Anastasia Sukhotina | 0–6, 0–6 |
| Loss | 0–3 | Aug 2021 | ITF Cairo, Egypt | 15,000 | Clay | María Paulina Pérez | Zhibek Kulambayeva
Sandra Samir | 5–7, 3–6 |
| Win | 1–3 | Jun 2022 | ITF Santo Domingo,
Dominican Republic | 25,000 | Hard | Tiphanie Lemaître | Hina Inoue
Taylor Ng | 6–4, 6–4 |
| Win | 2–3 | Jun 2023 | ITF Buenos Aires,
Argentina | 15,000 | Clay | Camila Romero | Alessandra Caceres
Rocio Daniela Merlo | 6–2, 6–4 |
| Loss | 2–4 | Jul 2023 | ITF Rosario-Santa Fe,
Argentina | 15,000 | Clay | Camila Romero | Julieta Lara Estable
Guillermina Naya | w/o |

1. "La tenista Mell Reasco quiere cerrar el año entre las 100 mejores del mundo". *ElComercio.com* (in Spanish). 6 February 2018.
2. Sánchez, Daniel (6 November 2019). "Mell Reasco busca poner su apellido en lo más alto del tenis". *Primicias.ec* (in Spanish).
3. "Mell Reasco avanza en el ITF Profesional W15 en Francia". *FET.org.ec* (in Spanish). Federación Ecuatoriana de Tenis. 9 September 2020.
4. "Zona Americana de la Fed Cup enfrenta a ocho países por ascenso a Grupo II". *ElComercio.com* (in Spanish). 5 February 2019. Mell Reasco

## InfoBox

Mell Reasco
| Reasco in 2017 | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Mell Elizabeth Reasco González |
| Country (sports) | Ecuador |
| Born | (2002-07-23) 23 July 2002
Ecuador |
| Plays | Left (two-handed backhand) |
| Prize money | US$ 26,984 |
| Singles | |
| Career record | 81–46 |
| Career titles | 2 ITF |
| Highest ranking | No. 461 (31 January 2022) |
| Current ranking | No. 1043 (9 September 2024) |
| Doubles | |
| Career record | 42–30 |
| Career titles | 2 ITF |
| Highest ranking | No. 492 (1 August 2022) |
| Current ranking | No. 878 (9 September 2024) |
| Team competitions | |
| Fed Cup | 12–11 |
| Last updated on: 14 September 2024. | |


title: North Carolina Highway System

abstract: The North Carolina Highway System consists of a vast network of Interstate, United States, and state highways, managed by the North Carolina Department of Transportation. North Carolina has the second largest state maintained highway network in the United States because all roads in North Carolina are maintained by either municipalities or the state. Since counties do not maintain roads, there is no such thing as a "county road" within the state.

text:
# North Carolina Highway System

The **North Carolina Highway System** consists of a vast network of Interstate, United States, and state highways, managed by the North Carolina Department of Transportation. North Carolina has the second largest state maintained highway network in the United States because all roads in North Carolina are maintained by either municipalities or the state. Since counties do not maintain roads, there is no such thing as a "county road" within the state.

## Numbering

North Carolina routes may be referred to as "North Carolina Highway x", "N.C. Highway x", "NC Route x", or just "NC x", where x is the route number. North Carolina state highways numbered under 1000 are primary state highways, and numbers greater than or equal to 1000 are secondary. Nearly all secondary highways also have other names, and many primary routes are also signed with other titles.

### Signage

Primary highways are marked by a black square sign in which is a white equilateral diamond shape with rounded corners that contains the route number. The diamond shape does not alter to accommodate larger route numbers; the numbers are reduced in size to fit within the diamond. Michigan is the only other state, aside from North Carolina, to have a near-identical route shield, but with pointed corners and an M in Michigan's shield. Secondary highways are not signed with route markers; small green or white signs are most commonly used to designate secondary roads. On these signs, the prefix "SR" for "secondary road" sometimes precedes the road number.

### Rules and exceptions

Typically, North Carolina highway route numbers do not share numbers with any U.S. Highway or Interstate Highway in the state. If a new highway is established that would have the same number as a state highway, the state highway number usually changes. North Carolina grants exceptions to this rule in limited cases. Sometimes, as in NC 540/I-540; the two routes are given the same number because they are seen as a continuous route. Other times, as in NC 295, the number is a place holder for when the highway is eventually upgraded to an Interstate route when it meets certain standards. Finally, as in NC 73, sometimes the state, for whatever reason, does not remove a former state route designation when the Interstate is signed.

### Secondary roads

According to NCDOT, the secondary road (SR) system of the state "consists of those roads maintained by the Department of Transportation that do not carry 'NC' or 'US' numbers and are outside the boundary of any incorporated municipality."

Unlike highways in the primary system, secondary road numbers may be repeated multiple times throughout the system, provided that they are not repeated within the same county. For example, SR 2000 may refer to the physical roadway signed as Wake Forest Road or Falls of Neuse Road in Wake County, or it may refer to the physical roadway signed as Hickory Grove Road in Gaston County. Some road numbers are quite common. In fact, the designation SR1101 is currently used, or has in the past, been used nearly 100 times by almost every county in the state.

Secondary roads that cross a county line are generally given a new number in the new county. For example, Rustic Court is a very short road, barely one tenth of a mile in length; yet, it crosses the Durham-Orange county line. The section in Durham County (0.03 miles in length) is designated SR 2397 while the section in Orange County (0.08 miles in length) is designated SR 1604. The exception to this rule applies to roads designated SR10xx, which are generally given to regionally significant roads or roads crossing one or more county lines, but which are not part of the primary system. For example, SR 1006 (Old Stage Road), is located both in Wake and Harnett counties.

The significance of secondary road numbers is almost exclusive to NCDOT operations, generally maintenance, rather than for navigational purposes by the driving public. Certainly, the secondary road numbering system is not organized to help unfamiliar motorists find their way. Rather, this is the job of the road names, which are generally established at the local level, but which often share a sign with an SR designation for convenience. In some rural areas of the state, including parts of the Mountain and Coastal Plain regions, roads may lack a road name, in which case they are known by the SR designation.

It is not uncommon for maintenance responsibility of secondary roads to transfer from NCDOT to particular municipalities as they increase in size due to annexation. When this occurs, the SR designations are eliminated. The SR road designation is also eliminated from physical roadways that are elevated into the primary system. For example, NC 157 (Guess Road) in Durham and Person counties was once a secondary road designated SR 1008. Although it ascended into the primary system years ago, some of the old signs identifying Guess Road as SR 1008 remain.

## Bicycle routes

## Toll roads and bridges

## Other routes and highways

## History

The original highway numbering system for North Carolina was established in the 1920s. Major routes were multiples of 10, with 10, 20, and 90 running east–west, 30, 40, 50, 70, and 80 running north–south, and 60 running as a diagonal route. These cross-state routes were used as a basis for numbering the two-digit roads that served as the major city-city connectors. For example, NC 90 used to run along modern US 64, which explains the multiple "90s" that branch off US 64 today (NC 9, NC 97 and NC 98).

Three-digit numbered roads were less important spurs off the two-digit roads and often served as rural connectors. These were numbered in a scheme opposite of the U.S. and Interstate auxiliary routes; the spur routes received an extra "ones" digit instead of an extra "hundreds" digit. The first spur received the number "xx1" and the second received "xx2", where xx is the parent route number. This explains the predomination of such routes as 751, 191, 561, and the relatively few "xx0" routes (which would be the 10th assigned spur route ... few parent routes would have spurs numbered this high).

In 1933-34 many roads were renumbered to eliminate conflicts with the U.S. highways now crisscrossing the state. Some numbers (50, 90), which had become effectively U.S. routes ( and 64 respectively) were moved or eliminated while others that conflicted with established U.S. route numbers in the state were changed to non-conflicting numbers. This seems to have been done without regard to the earlier numbering system, as were all future additions to the state highway system, which is where the modern "lack of any system" system came to be.

In 1937, several routes were renumbered to be contiguous with South Carolina routes, and in 1940 the same happened with Virginia. No effort has ever been made to match up with Tennessee or Georgia routes, but most cross-border numbered roads along this area are already U.S. highways anyway.

In 1961, the routes that conflicted with Interstates were renumbered.

Highway renumbering has since been sporadic, with most being place-holders for a future Interstate route (i.e. NC 752 and NC 295). One exception being a state law passed in 2002 swapping the highway numbers of NC 136 and NC 3; the reason was in tribute to Dale Earnhardt who died in the 2001 Daytona 500, who drove the number #3 Goodwrench Chevrolet and lived in Kannapolis.

## InfoBox

| North Carolina Highway System | |
| --- | --- |
| Highway markers for Interstate Highways, U.S. Highways and State Highways | |
| System information | |
| Length | 80,483 mi (129,525 km) |
| Notes | Second largest state-maintained highway network in the United States; state roads maintained by the NCDOT. |
| Highway names | |
| Interstates | Interstate X (I-X) |
| US Highways | U.S. Highway X (US X) |
| State | North Carolina Highway X (NC X) |
| System links | |
|  | |


abstract: Lovington Township is located in Moultrie County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,623 and it contained 744 housing units.

text:
# Lovington Township, Moultrie County, Illinois

**Lovington Township** is located in Moultrie County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,623 and it contained 744 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 52.49 square miles (135.9 km2), of which 52.48 square miles (135.9 km2) (or 99.98%) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.052 km2) (or 0.04%) is water.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016 (est.) | 1,591 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

1. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
2. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place -- 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved May 28, 2013.
3. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.

## InfoBox

| Lovington Township | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
|  | |
| Location of Illinois in the United States | |
| Coordinates: 39°43′48″N 88°38′38″W / 39.73000°N 88.64389°W / 39.73000; -88.64389 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Moultrie |
| Settled | November 6, 1866 |
| Area | |
| Total | 52.49 sq mi (135.9 km2) |
| Land | 52.48 sq mi (135.9 km2) |
| Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2) |
| Elevation | 673 ft (205 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| Estimate (2016) | 1,591 |
| Density | 30.9/sq mi (11.9/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| FIPS code | 17-139-45057 |


title: Goodrich, Illinois

abstract: Goodrich is an unincorporated community in Pilot Township, Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. The community is on Goodrich Road and a railway line 2.6 miles (4.2 km) south of Bonfield.

text:
# Goodrich, Illinois

**Goodrich** is an unincorporated community in Pilot Township, Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. The community is on Goodrich Road and a railway line 2.6 miles (4.2 km) south of Bonfield.

## InfoBox

| Goodrich, Illinois | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Goodrich, IllinoisGoodrich, Illinois | |
| Coordinates: 41°06′32″N 88°03′29″W / 41.10889°N 88.05806°W / 41.10889; -88.05806 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Kankakee |
| Elevation | 636 ft (194 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code(s) | 815 & 779 |
| GNIS feature ID | 409153 |


title: Roy Moxham

abstract: Roy Moxham is a British writer, the author of historical books highlighting little-known historical facts.

text:
# Roy Moxham

**Roy Moxham** (born 1939) is a British writer, the author of historical books highlighting little-known historical facts.

## Life

Moxham was born in Evesham, Worcestershire on 13 September 1939 and went to Prince Henry's Grammar School there. In 1961 he went to Nyasaland (now Malawi) to manage a tea plantation. In 1973 he returned to Britain and established a small gallery in Covent Garden to sell African art, travelling widely in Africa. In 1978 he went to Camberwell College of Art and Crafts, where he qualified as a book and archive conservator. Subsequently, he was a conservator at Canterbury Cathedral Archives and then became Senior Conservator at the Senate House Library of the University of London, from which he retired in 2005. He lives in London, travels widely in south and south-east Asia and is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.

## Works

Moxham's first book was *The Freelander*, a novel based on the exploits of a group of idealists trying to establish a commune on Mount Kenya in the 1890s. His best-known book is *The Great Hedge of India*. This book is part-travelogue, part-historical treatise on the author's quest to find a 1500-mile long customs hedge built by the British in India to prevent smuggling of salt and sugar. His next book, *Tea: Addiction, Exploitation and Empire* focuses on the effect of British tea addiction on British policies in Asia and Africa, and includes the author's own experience as a tea plantation manager in Africa. An updated edition " A Brief History of Tea" came out in 2009. In 2010 he published a memoir, "Outlaw: India's Bandit Queen and Me" about his friendship with Phoolan Devi, the Indian bandit turned politician. In 2014 he published as an e-book a novel, "The East India Company Wife", based on the real life of Catherine Cooke, a thirteen-year-old English girl who went to India with her parents in 1709. In November 2016 *The Theft of India: The European Conquests of India 1498 – 1765* was published.

## Bibliography

* *The Theft of India: The European conquests of India 1498 – 1765* (HarperCollins India, New Delhi: November 2016)
* *The East India Company Wife* (e-book: 2014)
* *Outlaw: India's Bandit Queen and Me* (Rider, London: 2010)
* *A Brief History of Tea* (Robinson: 2009)
* *Tea: Addiction, Exploitation and Empire* (Constable, London: 2003)
* *The Great Hedge of India* (Constable, London: 2001)
* *The Freelander* (Team, Nairobi: 1990)


title: The Seven Deadly Sins of Modern Times

abstract: The Seven Deadly Sins of Modern Times (1993) is an acrylic painting on a wooden table by the contemporary Australian artist Susan Dorothea White, where she proposes that today's deadly sins are the opposite of the original ones. Inspired by the composition and design of The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things by Hieronymus Bosch, White has described her depiction of the inverses; for example, gluttony is supplanted by "dieting", and "sucking up" stands in for envy. In the depiction of each of these deadly sins is an animal or plant which has been introduced to Australia to ill effect, as the cockroach represents squandering and a feral water buffalo demonstrates indifference. Instead of the eye of God which Bosch placed in the center of his design, White has incorporated an enlargement of the iris of her pet cat, which represents Gaia, with the rubric "The Eye of Gaia Sees All". The artist has also produced a woodcut of the same title and similar composition and another large acrylic painting on a wooden table The Seven Deadly Isms - the latter has been described as a "Boschian extravaganza... depicting such contemporary obsessions as Materialism and Workaholism in intricate figurative tableaux". To view the Seven Deadly Sins of Modern Times properly requires that you walk around it and view each of the sections, which are artfully integrated. The center is a nocturnal eye with the inscriptions "The Seven Deadly Sins" on one side, and "The Eye of Gaia Sees All" on the other. The sections are described below after a short, general definition from Princeton's WordNet.

text:
# The Seven Deadly Sins of Modern Times

***The Seven Deadly Sins of Modern Times*** (1993) is an acrylic painting on a wooden table by the contemporary Australian artist Susan Dorothea White, where she proposes that today's deadly sins are the opposite of the original ones.

Inspired by the composition and design of *The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things* by Hieronymus Bosch, White has described her depiction of the inverses; for example, gluttony is supplanted by "dieting", and "sucking up" stands in for envy.

In the depiction of each of these deadly sins is an animal or plant which has been introduced to Australia to ill effect, as the cockroach represents squandering and a feral water buffalo demonstrates indifference. Instead of the eye of God which Bosch placed in the center of his design, White has incorporated an enlargement of the iris of her pet cat, which represents Gaia, with the rubric "The Eye of Gaia Sees All". The artist has also produced a woodcut of the same title and similar composition and another large acrylic painting on a wooden table *The Seven Deadly Isms* \- the latter has been described as a "Boschian extravaganza ... depicting such contemporary obsessions as Materialism and Workaholism in intricate figurative tableaux".

To view the *Seven Deadly Sins of Modern Times* properly requires that you walk around it and view each of the sections, which are artfully integrated. The center is a nocturnal eye with the inscriptions "The Seven Deadly Sins" on one side, and "The Eye of Gaia Sees All" on the other. The sections are described below after a short, general definition from Princeton's WordNet.

## Self effacement

Self-effacement is defined as withdrawing into the background, making yourself inconspicuous.

The section shows three activities in one room:

* a person with their face in a newspaper clipped to a line with many other newspapers after it. One hand is on the paper and the other is throwing the previous one away.
* a person on their knees reading by candle light a book resting on a toilet, wiping tears from their eyes. The toilet paper is unfurled onto the floor where a violin rests and its bow
* a person on their knees working on a wig made of thorns on the floor, where their old hair lies in their hands as they stare intently at it and play with it

## Celibacy

Celibacy is defined as either abstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows) or being in an unmarried status.

It shows a naked couple. The woman's hand gestures "stop", and she is looking away from him. A cactus grows around her feet. Above the bed is a picture of a saint, and above that a cross. He holds a sex toy and has an erection. Because they each have one foot on the rug, it is a sign that they are married.

## Workaholism

Workaholism is defined as compulsiveness about working.

It shows a person in bad ergonomics bent over a small computer screen typing on the keyboard. Another person stares intently into the dark pit of a cylindrical blue object on the floor while standing under a ledge making that special section of flooring like a desk for them. There are stacks of books and papers on the floor and a shelf with more of the same. It is after midnight. A furnace with irons in the fire cooks a steaming pot, and more tools are on the ground.

## Dieting

Dieting is defined as the act of restricting your food intake or your intake of particular foods.

It shows an anorexic person with both hands gesturing "stop", sitting at a table with all kinds of food, healthy and unhealthy. They're pushing away a turkey with their foot. A rat with his tail on the cheese nibbles at the cupcakes. They are looking at an apple lying on the floor near a menu on a chalk board. A skeleton in a "slimming contest" dances on a stage; two large menus are prominent and contain telling descriptions of the meals and specials.

## Squandering

Squandering is defined as spending resources lavishly and wastefully.

It shows a person pouring water into a sink. The water is a shower head. In the sink is a person killing "the goose that laid the golden eggs", and a person walking into a casino, money falling out of their pocket. A hand is throwing money into the sink. Roaches crawl on a gambling form.

## Sucking up

To suck up is defined as either to try to gain favor by cringing or flattering, or to ingratiate oneself to another, often with insincere behavior.

It shows the managing director of an office heading upstairs while another is holding their pant leg and licking the behind. A person sits at a table sucking up a toad held by a utensil, with more on the plate. A large toad with a pink bow on its head is leaving the office.

## Indifference

Indifferences is defined variously as the trait of lacking enthusiasm for or interest in things generally; the trait of remaining calm and seeming not to care, a casual lack of concern; apathy demonstrated by an absence of emotional reactions; and unbiased impartial unconcern.

It shows a building labeled "Charity" with wide inviting steps leading to an entrance with no door on it. Two artworks adorn its side: on the right an aging cucumber, on the left a biological human heart. On the sidewalk are three images: on the left is an Asiatic buffalo wading in water up to its neck; on the right is a calculator; front and center is a pedestal the height of the steps with a person standing on it, icicles dripping from their suit of cloths and from their head. Their arms are folded and their weight shifted to their right leg. Their image is the foreground of the door, and they are looking rightward toward the heart.

## InfoBox

| The Seven Deadly Sins of Modern Times | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Artist | Susan Dorothea White |
| Year | 1993 |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: Flores Airport (Brazil)

abstract: Flores Airport, is an airport serving Manaus, Brazil. It is operated by Infraero.

text:
# Flores Airport (Brazil)

**Flores Airport** (ICAO: **SWFN**), is an airport serving Manaus, Brazil.

It is operated by Infraero.

## History

The airport is used by the Amazonas Flying Club, maintenance facilities and general aviation.

On November 27, 2023, Infraero became the concessionary of the airport.

## Airlines and destinations

No scheduled flights operate at this airport.

## Access

The airport is located 6 km (4 mi) from downtown Manaus.

## InfoBox

| Flores Airport<br>*Aeroporto de Flores* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| View in 2013 | |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Operator | Infraero (2023–present) |
| Serves | Manaus |
| Opened | 30 April 1940 (1940-04-30) |
| Time zone | BRT (UTC−04:00) |
| Elevation AMSL | 62 m / 203 ft |
| Coordinates | 03°04′22″S 060°01′16″W / 3.07278°S 60.02111°W / -3.07278; -60.02111 |
| Map | |
| SWFNLocation in Brazil | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  m ft  11/29 799 2,621 Asphalt | |
| Sources: ANAC, DECEA | |


title: Mabrya flaviflora

abstract: Mabrya flaviflora is a mat-forming herbaceous perennial native to a small area in Baja California Norte, Mexico. It has pale yellow tubular flowers. It was first described by Ivan M. Johnston in 1924 in the genus Maurandya and transferred to Mabrya by Wayne J. Elisens in 1985 as Mabrya geniculata subsp. flaviflora. It was restored to a full species within Mabrya by David A. Sutton in 1988. The epithet flaviflora means yellow-flowered.

text:
# Mabrya flaviflora

***Mabrya flaviflora*** is a mat-forming herbaceous perennial native to a small area in Baja California Norte, Mexico. It has pale yellow tubular flowers. It was first described by Ivan M. Johnston in 1924 in the genus *Maurandya* and transferred to *Mabrya* by Wayne J. Elisens in 1985 as *Mabrya geniculata* subsp. *flaviflora*. It was restored to a full species within *Mabrya* by David A. Sutton in 1988. The epithet *flaviflora* means yellow-flowered.

## InfoBox

| *Mabrya flaviflora* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Plantaginaceae |
| Genus: | *Mabrya* |
| Species: | ***M. flaviflora*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mabrya flaviflora***<br>(I.M.Johnst.) D.A.Sutton | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Antirrhinum flaviflorum* (I.M.Johnst.) Tidestr. * *Asarina flaviflora* (I.M.Johnst.) Pennell * *Mabrya geniculata subsp. flaviflora* (I.M.Johnst.) Elisens * *Maurandya flaviflora* I.M.Johnst. | |


title: Noda (restaurant)

abstract: Noda is a Japanese restaurant in New York City. The restaurant has received a Michelin star.

text:
# Noda (restaurant)

**Noda** is a Japanese restaurant in New York City. The restaurant has received a Michelin star.

## InfoBox

| Noda | |
| --- | --- |
| Noda in November 2023 | |
|  | |
| Restaurant information | |
| Established | 2018 (2018) |
| Food type | Japanese |
| Street address | 37 West 20th Street |
| City | New York City |
| State | New York |
| Postal/ZIP Code | 10011 |
| Coordinates | 40°44′26.7″N 73°59′35.4″W / 40.740750°N 73.993167°W / 40.740750; -73.993167 |


title: Montfoort

abstract: Montfoort is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. Montfoort received city rights in 1329.

text:
# Montfoort

**Montfoort** (Dutch pronunciation: \[ˈmɔntfoːrt\] ) is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. Montfoort received city rights in 1329.

## Population centres

The municipality of Montfoort consists of the following cities, towns, villages and/or districts:

### Topography

*Dutch topographic map of the municipality of Montfoort, June 2015*

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Montfoort | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Montfoort city centre | |
|  | |
| Location in Utrecht | |
| Coordinates: 52°3′N 4°57′E / 52.050°N 4.950°E / 52.050; 4.950 | |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Province | Utrecht |
| Government | |
| Body | Municipal council |
| Mayor | Petra van Hartskamp (VVD) |
| Area | |
| Total | 38.20 km2 (14.75 sq mi) |
| Land | 37.57 km2 (14.51 sq mi) |
| Water | 0.63 km2 (0.24 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2 m (7 ft) |
| Population (January 2021) | |
| Total | 13,896 |
| Density | 370/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postcode | 3417, 3460–3461 |
| Area code | 0348 |
| Website | www.montfoort.nl |