title: The Silence of the Lambs (soundtrack)

abstract: The Silence of the Lambs is the film score for the 1991 horror film directed by Jonathan Demme. Composed by Howard Shore, the soundtrack was released by MCA Records on CD, LP, and cassette on February 5, 1991. The original release featured 13 tracks. An expanded edition, including previously unreleased material, was released by Quartet Records on February 14, 2018, and reissued in 2021 to coincide with the film's 30th anniversary.

text:
# The Silence of the Lambs (soundtrack)

***The Silence of the Lambs (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)*** is the film score for the 1991 horror film directed by Jonathan Demme. Composed by Howard Shore, the soundtrack was released by MCA Records on CD, LP, and cassette on February 5, 1991. The original release featured 13 tracks. An expanded edition, including previously unreleased material, was released by Quartet Records on February 14, 2018, and reissued in 2021 to coincide with the film's 30th anniversary.

## Background

The musical score for *The Silence of the Lambs* was composed by Howard Shore in his first collaboration with Demme. Shore aimed to compose music that seamlessly fit into the fabric of the film, stating, "When you watch the movie, you are not aware of the music. You get your feelings from all elements simultaneously: lighting, cinematography, costumes, acting, music." Demme was specific about the film's music and provided valuable suggestions to Shore on constructing the musical score and sound.

The score was recorded in Munich during the latter half of the summer of 1990 and was performed by the Munich Symphony Orchestra. Suzana Peric edited the musical score. While recording, Shore scored the film to the edit, appreciating Jodie Foster's performance and calling it "fascinating." He felt that the film's score benefitted from the collaboration between the music and sound design.

## Release

A soundtrack album consisting of 13 tracks was released by MCA Records on February 5, 1991. An expanded edition of the score, containing 25 tracks, was released by Quartet Records on February 14, 2018. This edition included nine tracks not present in the original release, one unused cue, and two alternative tracks. The expanded edition was reissued in 2021 for the film's 30th anniversary.

Music from the film was later used in the trailers for its 2001 sequel, *Hannibal*.

## Reception

*Filmtracks.com* wrote, "You'll likely respect this score and appreciate its impact in the film, but most listeners will rarely revisit it on either of its unpleasant, oppressive albums." According to critic Roger Ebert, "Howard Shore's mournful music sets a funereal tone." Todd McCarthy of *Variety* wrote, "Howard Shore’s rather traditional score outstandingly amplifies the tension and psychological mystery." Scott Tobias of *The Guardian* described it as an "ominous yet subtly poignant score."

## Track listing

### Standard edition

*The Silence of the Lambs (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)* standard edition track listing
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Main Title" | 5:04 |
| 2. | "The Asylum" | 3:53 |
| 3. | "Clarice" | 3:03 |
| 4. | "Return to the Asylum" | 2:35 |
| 5. | "The Abduction" | 3:01 |
| 6. | "Quid Pro Quo" | 4:41 |
| 7. | "Lecter in Memphis" | 5:41 |
| 8. | "Lambs Screaming" | 5:34 |
| 9. | "Lecter Escapes" | 5:06 |
| 10. | "Belvedere, Ohio" | 3:32 |
| 11. | "The Moth" | 2:20 |
| 12. | "The Cellar" | 7:02 |
| 13. | "Finale" | 4:50 |
| Total length: | | 56:22 |

### Expanded edition

*The Silence of the Lambs (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)* expanded edition track listing
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Main Title" | 5:05 |
| 2. | "Bulletin Board" | 1:13 |
| 3. | "Visit to Lecter / You Look Like a Rube" | 4:01 |
| 4. | "Miggs" | 1:16 |
| 5. | "First Flashback / FBI Montage" | 2:10 |
| 6. | "Clarice" (film version) | 3:05 |
| 7. | "I'll Help You" | 1:12 |
| 8. | "The Abduction" | 3:03 |
| 9. | "West Virginia Car Ride" | 0:52 |
| 10. | "Rock of Ages Flashback" | 1:09 |
| 11. | "The Bug Cocoon / Washington" | 2:13 |
| 12. | "Death Head Moth" | 1:19 |
| 13. | "Quid Pro Quo, Yes or No" | 3:33 |
| 14. | "Lecter in Memphis" | 5:42 |
| 15. | "Lambs Screaming" | 5:36 |
| 16. | "Lecter Escapes" | 6:13 |
| 17. | "Laundromat" | 1:18 |
| 18. | "Belvedere, Ohio" | 3:33 |
| 19. | "To Calumet City" | 2:39 |
| 20. | "The Moth" | 2:20 |
| 21. | "The Cellar" | 7:02 |
| 22. | "Finale" | 4:51 |
| 23. | "Clarice" | 3:03 |
| 24. | "Death Head Moth" (alternate) | 0:57 |
| 25. | "Drops of Blood" ("Lecter Escapes" alternate excerpt) | 2:53 |
| Total length: | | 76:18 |

## Personnel

Credits adapted from liner notes.

* Composer, producer and conductor – Howard Shore
* Orchestra – The Munich Symphony
* Orchestration – Homer Denison
* Orchestra manager – Paul Talkington
* Programming – John Mahoney
* Recording – Alan Snelling
* Sound design – Eugene Gearity, Skip Livesay
* Mixing – Gary Chester
* Mastering – Vlado Mellior
* Music editor – Suzana Peric
* Assistant music editor – Nick Ratner
* Executive producer – Gary Goetzman, Jonathan Demme
* Music supervision – Sharon Boyle
* Music co-ordinator – Barklie K. Griggs, Dana K. Sano, Jennifer Richardson
* Copyist – Vic Fraser
* Art direction – JA
* Design – Georgopoulos Design

## Accolades

Accolades for *The Silence of the Lambs (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)*
| Year | Organization | Award | Nominee | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1991 | British Academy Film Awards | Best Film Music | Howard Shore | Nominated |  |

## InfoBox

| The Silence of the Lambs | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Film score by Howard Shore | |
| Released | February 5, 1991 |
| Genre | Film score |
| Length | 56:22 |
| Label | MCA |
| Producer | Howard Shore |
| Howard Shore chronology | |
| *A Kiss Before Dying*
(1991) ***The Silence of the Lambs***
(1991) *Naked Lunch*
(1991) | |


title: The Silencer (film)

abstract: The Silencer is a 2000 action film directed by Robert Lee and starring Michael Dudikoff as a professional assassin hired to train a young man who may not be all he seems.

text:
# The Silencer (film)

***The Silencer*** is a 2000 action film directed by Robert Lee and starring Michael Dudikoff as a professional assassin hired to train a young man who may not be all he seems.

## InfoBox

| The Silencer | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Robert Lee |
| Written by | John Curtis |
| Produced by | Evan Tylor
John Curtis
Melanie Kilgour (associate producer)
David W.G. MacKenzie (executive producer)
Gary Howsam (executive producer)
Petros Tsaparas (executive producer) |
| Starring | Michael Dudikoff
Brennan Elliott
Terence Kelly
Gabrielle Miller |
| Cinematography | Henry M. Lebo |
| Music by | Peter Allen |
| Distributed by | Trimark |
| Release date | * September 26, 2000 (2000-09-26) |
| Running time | 92 minutes |
| Language | English |


title: The Seven Lively Arts

abstract:
The Seven Lively Arts is an American anthology series that aired on Sunday afternoons on CBS television from November 3, 1957, until February 16, 1958. The series was executive produced by John Houseman, and hosted by New York Herald Tribune critic John Crosby. Alfredo Antonini served as the musical director for several episodes. The title was taken from the influential book of the same name written by the cultural critic Gilbert Seldes, in which he argued that the low arts deserved as much critical attention as the high arts. The eleven programs produced were—not in order:
  - "The Revivalists" – a profile of contemporary evangelism
  - "Hollywood around the World" – a profile of overseas film productions directed by Mel Ferrer
  - "The Blast in Centralia #5" – about a 1947 mine blast in Centralia, Illinois
  - "Here is New York" – an essay about the city written by E. B. White and narrated by E. G. Marshall.
  - "A Few Folks And Their Songs" – a program on folk music, hosted by Theodore Bikel
  - "The Nutcracker" – the first television production of Tchaikovsky's ballet
  - "The World of Nick Adams" – an adaptation combining five early Ernest Hemingway stories
  - "Profile of a Composer" – a profile of American composer and choralist Norman Dello Joio
  - "Gold Rush" – a ballet choreographed by Agnes de Mille
  - "The Sound of Jazz" – The top jazz musicians of the day performing live.
  - "The Changing Ways of Love" – the opening program, starring Piper Laurie and Jason Robards, written by S.J. Perelman

text:
# The Seven Lively Arts

***The Seven Lively Arts*** is an American anthology series that aired on Sunday afternoons on CBS television from November 3, 1957, until February 16, 1958. The series was executive produced by John Houseman, and hosted by *New York Herald Tribune* critic John Crosby. Alfredo Antonini served as the musical director for several episodes. The title was taken from the influential book of the same name written by the cultural critic Gilbert Seldes, in which he argued that the low arts (comics, vaudeville) deserved as much critical attention as the high arts (opera, literature). The eleven programs produced were—not in order:

## Critical response

In a review in the periodical *Film and TV Music* Thomas Talbert praised the episode "The Sound of Jazz", writing that it had an element that had been "lacking in TV music presentation". Talbert called the episode "Truly a brilliant program, artistically photographed without stiffness and easily the best that television has offered on modern music."

1. Hyatt, Wesley (1997). *The Encyclopedia of Daytime Television*. Watson-Guptill Publications. p. 392. ISBN 978-0823083152. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
2. McNeil, Alex (1996). *Total Television: the Comprehensive Guide to Programming from 1948 to the Present* (4th ed.). New York, New York: Penguin Books USA, Inc. p. 745. ISBN 0-14-02-4916-8.
3. Talbert, Thomas (Fall 1957). "Two Exceptional Television Programs". *Film and TV Music*. pp. 20–21. Retrieved October 4, 2023.

## InfoBox

| *The Seven Lively Arts* | |
| --- | --- |
| Jason Robards and Maureen Stapleton in "Blast at Centralia #5" | |
| Genre | Anthology |
| Directed by | Mel Ferrer
George Roy Hill
Sidney Lumet
Norm Nowicki |
| Presented by | John Crosby |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original language | English |
| Production | |
| Camera setup | Single-camera |
| Running time | 44 mins. |
| Production company | CBS |
| Original release | |
| Network | CBS |
| Release | November 3, 1957 (1957-11-03) |


title: The Sex Monster

abstract: The Sex Monster is a 1999 American comedy film written and directed by Mike Binder, produced by Jack Binder and Scott Stephens, and starring Mariel Hemingway and Mike Binder.

text:
# The Sex Monster

***The Sex Monster*** is a 1999 American comedy film written and directed by Mike Binder, produced by Jack Binder and Scott Stephens, and starring Mariel Hemingway and Mike Binder.

## Plot

Martin "Marty" Barnes, a businessman (director-writer Mike Binder) who works as a building contractor in Los Angeles, tries to improve his sex life with his wife Laura (Mariel Hemingway) by encouraging her to have a threesome involving another woman. Though Marty is fortunate enough to find that Laura likes the idea, he is not prepared for her coming to prefer women to men, and seducing other women including Marty's own secretary.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| The Sex Monster | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Mike Binder |
| Written by | Mike Binder |
| Produced by | Jack Binder
Scott Stephens |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Keith L. Smith |
| Edited by | Erik C. Andersen |
| Production
companies |  |
| Distributed by |  |
| Release date | * May 15, 1999 (1999-05-15) |
| Running time | 98 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: The Sex Offender

abstract: The Sex Offender is a 1994 novel by Matthew Stadler. The book is strongly influenced by the theory of Michel Foucault on the links between state control of sex, health, and criminal behavior. The Sex Offender chronicles the rehabilitation of a man who has had sex with a 12-year-old boy. He undergoes perverse forms of aversion therapy from the Orwellian Criminal and Health Ministry. Sessions involve watching pornographic movies while the offender's sexual arousal is measured and punishment administered. During these sessions, both the patient and his "Doctor-General" wear only bags over their heads. Meanwhile, the offender begins visiting a forbidden night-club, lair of the drag queen Lucrezia, outlawed but idolized by pervert and politician alike. Lucrezia initiates the offender into a clandestine rebellion against the police state, and among the rebels he meets the child from the child pornography he watches in therapy.

text:
# The Sex Offender

***The Sex Offender*** is a 1994 novel by Matthew Stadler. The book is strongly influenced by the theory of Michel Foucault on the links between state control of sex, health, and criminal behavior.

*The Sex Offender* chronicles the rehabilitation of a man (known as "Ollie Clews") who has had sex with a 12-year-old boy. He undergoes perverse forms of aversion therapy from the Orwellian Criminal and Health Ministry. Sessions involve watching pornographic movies while the offender's sexual arousal is measured and punishment administered. During these sessions, both the patient and his "Doctor-General" wear only bags over their heads.

Meanwhile, the offender begins visiting a forbidden night-club, lair of the drag queen Lucrezia, outlawed but idolized by pervert and politician alike. Lucrezia initiates the offender into a clandestine rebellion against the police state, and among the rebels he meets the child from the child pornography he watches in therapy.

## InfoBox

The Sex Offender
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Matthew Stadler |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Fiction |
| Publisher | HarperCollins |
| Publication date | 1994 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print |
| Pages | 206 |
| ISBN | 0060171073 |
| OCLC | 30031193 |
| Dewey Decimal | 813.54 |
| LC Class | PS3569.T149 |


title: Ja imam šarene oči

abstract: Ja imam šarene oči is the first EP by the Serbian alternative rock band Disciplina Kičme, released by the Slovenian record label Dokumentarna in 1985. A remastered version of the EP was rereleased on CD on the compilation album Ove ruke nisu male... 1 in 2000.

text:
# Ja imam šarene oči

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Džuboks* | Highly favorable |

***Ja imam šarene oči*** (*I have colorful eyes*) is the first EP by the Serbian alternative rock band Disciplina Kičme, released by the Slovenian record label Dokumentarna in 1985. A remastered version of the EP was rereleased on CD on the compilation album *Ove ruke nisu male... 1* in 2000.

## Track listing

All tracks written by Zeleni Zub.

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Doboš 7 puta" (Snare drum 7 times) | 2:39 |
| 2. | "Novac neće doći" (Money won't come) | 3:13 |
| 3. | "Veruj meni!" (Trust me!) | 3:41 |
| 4. | "Pristanište" (Pier) | 1:41 |
| 5. | "Sviđa mi se..." (I like...) | 2:21 |
| 6. | "Pregršt novca" (Plenty of money) | 1:49 |
| 7. | "Vaspitanje" (Manners) | 2:24 |
| 8. | "28. Jun 84!" (June 28, 1984!) | 4:46 |

## Personnel

### The band

### Additional personnel

* Zeleni Zub (Dušan Kojić) — music by, lyrics by, artwork by \[cover\]
* Kele (Nenad Krasovac) — handclaps, drums on tracks 5 and 9
* Đorđe Kostić — handclaps
* Igor Petrović — photography
* Darko (Darko Milojković) — producer, handclaps
* Enco Lesić — recorded by
* Cvele (Miroslav Cvetković) — producer, recorded by
* Jugoslav Muškinja — trumpet

## InfoBox

| Ja imam šarene oči | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Disciplina Kičme | |
| Released | 1985 |
| Recorded | September 1983, Druga Maca studio, Belgrade
June 28, 1984, SKC, Belgrade |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 22:34 |
| Label | Dokumentarna
DOK P-4 |
| Producer | Disciplina Kičme, Darko, Cvele |
| Disciplina Kičme chronology | |
| *Sviđa mi se da ti ne bude prijatno*
(1983) ***Ja imam šarene oči***
(1985) *Svi za mnom!*
(1986) | |


title: George Lindbeck

abstract: George Arthur Lindbeck was an American Lutheran theologian. He was best known as an ecumenicist and as one of the fathers of postliberal theology.

text:
# George Lindbeck

**George Arthur Lindbeck** (March 10, 1923 – January 8, 2018) was an American Lutheran theologian. He was best known as an ecumenicist and as one of the fathers of postliberal theology.

## Early life and education

Lindbeck was born on March 10, 1923, in Luoyang, China, the son of American Lutheran missionaries. Raised in that country and in Korea for the first seventeen years of his life, he was often sickly as a child and found himself often isolated from the world around himself.

He attended Gustavus Adolphus College, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1943. He went on to do graduate work at Yale University, receiving his Bachelor of Divinity degree in 1946. After his undergraduate work he spent a year at the Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies with Étienne Gilson in Toronto then two years at the École Pratique des Hautes Études with Paul Vignaux in Paris. He earned his Doctor of Philosophy degree from Yale in 1955 concentrating on medieval studies, delivering a dissertation on the Franciscan theologian Duns Scotus.

## Career

Lindbeck first gained attention as a medievalist and as a participant in ecumenical discussions in academia and the church. He was a "delegate observer" to the Second Vatican Council. After that time, he made important contributions to ecumenical dialogue, especially between Lutherans and Roman Catholics. From 1968 to 1987 he was a member of the Joint Commission between the Vatican and Lutheran World Federation. In 1994, Lindbeck spoke at length about his memories of Vatican II with George Weigel, and a transcript of his interview with Weigel was published in the December 1994 edition of *First Things*.

His best-known work is *The Nature of Doctrine: Religion and Theology in a Postliberal Age*, published in 1984. It was widely influential and is one of the key works in the formation and founding of postliberal theology.

He was appointed to the Yale Divinity School faculty in 1952 before his studies were finished, and remained there until his retirement in 1993. His book *The Church in a Postliberal Age* was published in 2002.

He was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a recipient of the Wilbur Cross Medal from the Yale Graduate School Alumni Association.

Lindbeck died on January 8, 2018.

## Selected works

* Lindbeck, George A. (1984). *The Nature of Doctrine: Religion and Theology in a Postliberal Age.* Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664246181
* Lindbeck, George A. (2003). *The Church in a Postliberal Age.* Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802839954

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| George Lindbeck | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | George Arthur Lindbeck
(1923-03-10)March 10, 1923
Luoyang, China |
| Died | January 8, 2018(2018-01-08) (aged 94)
Florida, United States |
| Nationality | American |
| Spouse | Violette Lindbeck |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater |  |
| Thesis | *Is Duns Scotus an Essentialist?* (1955) |
| Doctoral advisor | Robert Lowry Calhoun |
| Other advisors |  |
| Influences |  |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | Theology |
| School or tradition |  |
| Institutions | Yale University |
| Doctoral students |  |
| Notable students |  |
| Notable works | *The Nature of Doctrine* (1984) |
| Influenced |  |
|  | |


title: Goliszowiec

abstract: Goliszowiec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zaklików, within Stalowa Wola County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Zaklików, 9 km (6 mi) north of Stalowa Wola, and 70 km (43 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

text:
# Goliszowiec

**Goliszowiec** \[ɡɔliˈʂɔvjɛt͡s\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zaklików, within Stalowa Wola County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Zaklików, 9 km (6 mi) north of Stalowa Wola, and 70 km (43 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

## InfoBox

| Goliszowiec | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Goliszowiec | |
| Coordinates: 50°39′20″N 22°5′41″E / 50.65556°N 22.09472°E / 50.65556; 22.09472 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Subcarpathian |
| County | Stalowa Wola |
| Gmina | Zaklików |
| Population | 140 |


title: Monnechroma seabrai

abstract: Monnechroma seabrai is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by S. A. Fragoso and Miguel A. Monné in 1989. It is known from southeastern Brazil.

text:
# Monnechroma seabrai

***Monnechroma seabrai*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by S. A. Fragoso and Miguel A. Monné in 1989. It is known from southeastern Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Monnechroma seabrai* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Monnechroma* |
| Species: | ***M. seabrai*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Monnechroma seabrai***<br>(Fragoso & Monné, 1989) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Xenochroma seabrai* Fragoso & Monné, 1989 | |


title: Monnechroma tibiale

abstract: Monnechroma tibiale is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Giesbert in 1987. It is known from Costa Rica.

text:
# Monnechroma tibiale

***Monnechroma tibiale*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Giesbert in 1987. It is known from Costa Rica.

## InfoBox

| *Monnechroma tibiale* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Monnechroma* |
| Species: | ***M. tibiale*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Monnechroma tibiale***<br>(Giesbert, 1987) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Xenochroma tibialis* Giesbert, 1987 | |


title: Godumalai

abstract: Godumalai is a reserve forest and is located on the east side of Salem District of Tamil Nadu, India. The estimated terrain elevation is 553 meters above sea level. It located 20 km away from Salem town. Godumalai is also known as Godhamalai. As per research data from Periyar University, Godumalai hill contains an estimated iron ore reserve of 12.7 million tonnes down to a depth of 30.5 meters, while the other regions around the hill are estimated to contain 10.7 million tonnes in the same depth.

text:
# Godumalai

**Godumalai** is a reserve forest and is located on the east side of Salem District of Tamil Nadu, India. The estimated terrain elevation is 553 meters above sea level. It located 20 km away from Salem town. Godumalai is also known as **Godhamalai**.

As per research data from Periyar University, Godumalai hill contains an estimated iron ore reserve of 12.7 million tonnes down to a depth of 30.5 meters, while the other regions around the hill are estimated to contain 10.7 million tonnes in the same depth.

## InfoBox

| Godumalai Forest Reserve | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Salem, India |
| Nearest city | Salem, India |
| Coordinates | 11°40′55.38″N 78°21′2.96″E / 11.6820500°N 78.3508222°E / 11.6820500; 78.3508222 |


title: Georgina Jolibois

abstract: Georgina Jolibois is a Canadian politician who was elected in the 2015 Canadian federal election to represent the riding of Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River during the 42nd Canadian Parliament. Jolibois sought re-election in the 2019 election but was defeated by her Conservative challenger Gary Vidal. Prior to her election, Jolibois served for twelve years as mayor of La Loche, Saskatchewan. She also served ten years on the Royal Canadian Mounted Police "F" Division Aboriginal Advisory Committee. Jolibois sponsored the private member's Bill C-369, which sought to make National Indigenous Peoples Day a legal holiday. While the bill was not adopted, a similar bill was adopted in the subsequent parliament, making September 30 a legal holiday called National Day for Truth and Reconciliation. In late 2021, Jolibois was named the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party's candidate for the Athabasca by-election to replace Buckley Belanger, which occurred on February 15, 2022. In an upset, she was defeated by the Saskatchewan Party's candidate Jim Lemaigre.

text:
# Georgina Jolibois

**Georgina Jolibois** (born 1968) is a Canadian politician who was elected in the 2015 Canadian federal election to represent the riding of Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River during the 42nd Canadian Parliament. Jolibois sought re-election in the 2019 election but was defeated by her Conservative challenger Gary Vidal.

Prior to her election, Jolibois served for twelve years as mayor of La Loche, Saskatchewan. She also served ten years on the Royal Canadian Mounted Police "F" Division Aboriginal Advisory Committee.

Jolibois sponsored the private member's Bill C-369, which sought to make National Indigenous Peoples Day a legal holiday. While the bill was not adopted, a similar bill was adopted in the subsequent parliament, making September 30 a legal holiday called National Day for Truth and Reconciliation.

In late 2021, Jolibois was named the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party's candidate for the Athabasca by-election to replace Buckley Belanger, which occurred on February 15, 2022. In an upset, she was defeated by the Saskatchewan Party's candidate Jim Lemaigre.

## Personal information

Georgina Jolibois was born and raised in La Loche, Saskatchewan, near the Clearwater River Dene First Nation. She has a degree from the University of Saskatchewan. Before being elected into Parliament, Jolibois was the mayor of La Loche from 2003 to 2015, and she is also a member of the Saskatchewan Association of Northern Communities. In 2015, she was elected as the Member of Parliament for Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River.

## 2015 Canadian federal election

In 2015, Jolibois expressed her desire to run as a candidate for the New Democratic Party in the upcoming 2015 Canadian Federal Elections for the Desnethe-Missinippi-Churchill River area. This riding covers half of Saskatchewan's northern area and includes many small communities as well as First Nation reserves and fly-in-posts.

Jolibois won her riding by only 82 votes over the Liberal candidate, Lawrence Joseph, and defeated incumbent Rob Clarke. After a recount, it was found that Jolibois won by 82 votes over Joseph, not the previously recorded results of 71 votes.

## Electoral record

| 2019 Canadian federal election: Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
|  | Conservative | Gary Vidal | 11,531 | 42.30 | +12.17 | $64,212.77 |
|  | New Democratic | Georgina Jolibois | 7,741 | 28.40 | -5.75 | $89,787.05 |
|  | Liberal | Tammy Cook-Searson | 7,225 | 26.51 | -7.38 | $63,291.05 |
|  | Green | Sarah Kraynick | 543 | 1.99 | +0.17 | $1,816.39 |
|  | People's | Jerome Perrault | 217 | 0.80 |  | $2,050.00 |
| Total valid votes/expense limit | | | 27,257 | 99.21 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 216 | 0.79 | +0.49 |
| Turnout | | | 27,473 | 57.25 | -7.47 |
| Eligible voters | | | 47,985 |
|  | Conservative **gain** from New Democratic | | Swing | | +8.96 |
| Source: Elections Canada | | | | | | |

| 2015 Canadian federal election: Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
|  | New Democratic | Georgina Jolibois | 10,319 | 34.15 | -11.23 | $26,597.41 |
|  | Liberal | Lawrence Joseph | 10,237 | 33.88 | +28.62 | $50,341.46 |
|  | Conservative | Rob Clarke | 9,105 | 30.14 | -16.75 | $83,236.17 |
|  | Green | Warren Koch | 552 | 1.83 | -0.64 | $1,984.03 |
| Total valid votes/expense limit | | | 30,213 | 99.70 |  | $228,699.20 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 91 | 0.30 |  |
| Turnout | | | 30,304 | 64.72 |  |
| Eligible voters | | | 46,824 |
|  | New Democratic **gain** from Conservative | | Swing | | +2.76 |
| These results were subject to a judicial recount and modified from the validated results in accordance with the Judge's rulings. The margin of Georgina Jolibois over Lawrence Joseph increased from 71 votes to 82 votes as a result of the recount. | | | | | | |
| Source: Elections Canada | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Georgina Jolibois | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament
for Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River | |
| **In office**
October 19, 2015  October 21, 2019 | |
| Preceded by | Rob Clarke |
| Succeeded by | Gary Vidal |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1968 (age 5556)
La Loche, Saskatchewan, Canada |
| Political party | New Democratic Party |
|  | |


title: GATEPAC

abstract: GATEPAC was a group of architects assembled during the Second Spanish Republic. Its most important members were: Josep Lluís Sert, Antoni Bonet Castellana, Josep Torres Clavé, José Manuel Aizpurúa, Fernando García Mercadal and Sixte Illescas. The group was formed in the 1930s as a Spanish branch of C.I.A.M. The Eastern (Catalan) and founding section of the group, called GATCPAC was much more successful than the Central or Northern sections, and carried out government contracts during the Second Republic. GATCPAC also published the magazine A.C., or Actividad Contemporánea, which remains an important document for the history of Modern Movement in Spain. Most, but not all GATEPAC members fought on the Republican side during the Spanish Civil War. Torres Clavé was killed in action. Josep Lluís Sert went into exile in the United States, where he would teach at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. Antoni Bonet established himself in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Having been associated with the Second Republic, GATEPAC was taboo in Francoist Spain and reference to it was often censored until the 1950s, when their works were taken up by a new generation of Spanish modern architects like the Catalan Oriol Bohigas.

text:
# GATEPAC

**GATEPAC** (Grupo de Artistas y Técnicos Españoles Para la Arquitectura Contemporánea) was a group of architects assembled during the Second Spanish Republic. Its most important members were: Josep Lluís Sert, Antoni Bonet Castellana, Josep Torres Clavé, José Manuel Aizpurúa, Fernando García Mercadal and Sixte Illescas.

The group was formed in the 1930s as a Spanish branch of C.I.A.M. The Eastern (Catalan) and founding section of the group, called GATCPAC (Grup d'Arquitectes i Tècnics Catalans per al Progrés de l'Arquitectura Contemporània) was much more successful than the Central or Northern sections, and carried out government contracts during the Second Republic. GATCPAC also published the magazine *A.C.*, or *Actividad Contemporánea*, which remains an important document for the history of Modern Movement in Spain.

Most, but not all GATEPAC members fought on the Republican side during the Spanish Civil War. Torres Clavé was killed in action. Josep Lluís Sert went into exile in the United States, where he would teach at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. Antoni Bonet established himself in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Having been associated with the Second Republic, GATEPAC was taboo in Francoist Spain and reference to it was often censored until the 1950s, when their works were taken up by a new generation of Spanish modern architects like the Catalan Oriol Bohigas.


title: You're a Man Now, Boy

abstract: You're a Man Now, Boy is the debut studio album by British R&B singer and songwriter Raleigh Ritchie, released 26 February 2016 on Columbia Records. It entered the UK Albums Chart at number 32.

text:
# You're a Man Now, Boy

***You're a Man Now, Boy*** is the debut studio album by British R&B singer and songwriter Raleigh Ritchie, released 26 February 2016 on Columbia Records. It entered the UK Albums Chart at number 32.

## Composition

In an interview with *Billboard*, Anderson explained that "I started putting the album together properly about two years ago. But the oldest song on the album, “Never Better,” is about four years old. I’ve written hundreds of songs, and I was still writing new stuff when I was putting the album together. It was just a matter of deciding how to construct it as something that made sense of how I was feeling." He also noted Kanye West’s album *The College Dropout* as a source of personal inspiration for his music.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| DJBooth | *Very positive* |
| *The Evening Standard* |  |
| *The Guardian* |  |
| MTV | *Very positive* |

*You're a Man Now, Boy* received very positive reviews from critics upon release. Writing for *The Evening Standard*, John Aizlewood gave the album 4 stars out of 5 and described Raleigh Ritchie as "bold and cutting edge in a Jack Garratt sort of way and the fabulous The Last Romance is a life-affirming combination of confessional vocals and a massed gospel singalong. And for all the electro clutter of 'Werld Is Mine', the throaty rasp to his vocals and the smoother soul of the Stormzy-featuring 'Keep It Simple', he never loses his pop heart."

*The Guardian'*s Dave Simpson likewise gave the album 4 stars out of 5. Noting the lengthy writing and production process for the album, "If the problematic gestation means the mix of soul, R&B, electronica and cinematic orchestral sweeps can occasionally feel a trifle uneven, the Bristolian’s emotional deliveries bring a compelling vulnerability and humanity to the narrative-verse-to-big-chorus format." Simpson notes the title track as a highlight, writing that the track's "comparison of childhood dreams with adult realities ('I was an astronaut, once upon a time. I'm not growing up. I'm ageing') is beautifully moving."

MTV's Matt Tarr wrote very positively about the album. Like Simpson, he notes the title track as a highlight of the album as well as 'Stronger Than Ever' and as "the most powerfully emotive tracks on the album, both featuring dramatic rises and falls before eventually building to intense climactic ending". He also wrote that The orchestral instrumental of the prior is truly noteworthy and wouldn’t find itself amiss in a thrilling cinematic film trailer." Concluding the review, Tarr wrote that the album "is an incredible way to mark the humble beginning of an emotionally honest and sensitive artist on the mainstream stage and Raleigh Ritchie’s raw-yet-tender style is a joy to behold. Sure to catch the ear of new fans and current loyalists alike, this album will set the foundations for an exciting and boundary-pushing career in the UK music spotlight for a long while to come."

DJBooth's Lucas G. described the album as "a profoundly emotional album but just like in real life, that emotion is hidden under puns, smiles and spliff smoke. The thing I love most about the album is the way Ritchie wrestles with fear but doesn't wallow in. He stands at the top of the cliff staring into the void, occasionally dangling his feet over, but never jumping. At the same time the album struggles with adulthood identity, connections and love, the album has an upbeat, fresh sound to it."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Werld is Mine" |  | SumPunk | 4:01 |
| 2. | "Stronger Than Ever" |  |  | 3:53 |
| 3. | "Bloodsport '15" | * Anderson * Broad | * SumPunk * Ritchie | 4:17 |
| 4. | "I Can Change" | * Anderson * Hanni Ibrahim |  | 4:06 |
| 5. | "Keep it Simple" (featuring Stormzy) |  | Elizondo | 3:41 |
| 6. | "The Greatest" | * Anderson * Broad * Herman | * SumPunk * Herman | 3:47 |
| 7. | "Never Better" | * Anderson * Broad * Herman | * SumPunk * Herman * James Dring | 3:52 |
| 8. | "Cowards" | * Anderson * Loco | Loco | 3:45 |
| 9. | "A Moor" |  |  | 3:18 |
| 10. | "Young & Stupid" |  | Sounwave | 4:34 |
| 11. | "You're a Man Now, Boy" | * Anderson * Broad * Herman | * SumPunk * Herman | 4:24 |
| 12. | "The Last Romance" | * Anderson * Broad | SumPunk | 3:19 |
| Total length: | | | | 46:46 |

Deluxe edition
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13. | "Never Say Die" | * Anderson * Spears | Sounwave | 4:39 |
| 14. | "Life in a Box" |  | DJ Dahi | 4:23 |
| 15. | "The Chased" (with The Internet) | * Anderson * Broad | SumPunk | 4:11 |
| 16. | "Overdose" | * Anderson * Spears * Dimitri Grimm | Sounwave | 4:21 |
| 17. | "Birthday Girl" | * Anderson * Broad * Herman * James Bryan | * SumPunk * Herman | 4:17 |
| 18. | "Stay Inside" | * Anderson * Michael Asante | Mikey J | 3:26 |
| Total length: | | | | 72:03 |

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Tidal.

**Musicians**

* Raleigh Ritchie – vocals (all tracks), keyboards (1), background vocals (13)
* Paul Herman – guitar (1, 6, 12, 17), background vocals (6), synthesizer (6, 7, 12, 17)
* Corinne Bailey – French horn (1)
* Justin Broad – performance arrangement (1), programming (1, 6, 17), synthesizer (1, 6, 17), background vocals (6), bass (6, 7, 11, 17), guitar (7, 12), piano (7), drums (11, 12), keyboards (11)
* Rosie Danvers – performance arrangement (1–4, 7, 11), cello (2–4, 7, 11)
* Dave Stewart – trombone (1)
* Mike Lovatt – trumpet (1)
* Richard Pryce – bass (2)
* Bryony James – cello (2)
* Chris Loco – keyboards, programming (2, 8)
* Wez Clarke – programming (2, 3, 15, 16)
* Wired Strings – strings (2, 4, 7, 11)
* Emma Owens – viola (2–4, 7, 11), vocals (2)
* Nick Barr – viola (2–4, 7, 11), vocals (2)
* Alison Dods – violin (2, 3)
* Debbie Widdup – violin (2–4, 7, 11)
* Gillon Cameron – violin (2, 3)
* Helen Hathorn – violin (2–4, 7, 11)
* Jenny Sacha – violin (2–4, 7, 11)
* Kotona Sato – violin (2, 3)
* Patrick Kiernan – violin (2–4, 7, 11)
* Sally Jackson – violin (2, 3)
* Jane Oliver – cello (3, 4, 7, 11)
* Mike Spencer – background vocals, bass, drums, guitar, keyboards, programming (4)
* Anna Croad – violin (4, 7, 11)
* Ellie Stamford – violin (4, 7, 11)
* Sarah Sexton – violin (4, 7, 11)
* Sam Skirrow – bass (5)
* Jillian Chambers – drums (5)
* Mike Elizondo – keyboards, programming (5)
* Stormzy – vocals (5)
* Aisling Loftus – background vocals (6), vocals (15)
* Kerenza – Peacock (7)
* Etta Bond – vocals (8)
* George Edward – programming (9)
* Utters – programming (9)
* James Bryan – guitar (17)
* Michael Asante – background vocals (18)

**Technical**

* Jeremy Cooper – mastering engineer
* Dan Parrymixing engineer (1, 6, 8, 10–14, 17)
* Wez Clarke – mixing engineer (2, 3, 7, 15, 16)
* Mike Spencer – mixing engineer, recording engineer (4)
* Mark Ralph – mixing engineer (5)
* James Reynolds – mixing engineer (9, 18)
* Chris Loco – recording engineer (2, 8)
* Nick Taylor – recording engineer (2), engineer (3, 4, 7, 11)
* Justin Broad – recording engineer (4–6), engineer (15)
* Adam Hawkins – engineer (5)
* Brent Arrowood – engineer (5)
* Cody Acosta – engineer (10)
* Sam Klempner – assistant engineer (9, 18)

## Chart performance

| Chart (2016) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 56 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 32 |
|

## InfoBox

| You're a Man Now, Boy | |
| --- | --- |
| Standard edition cover art. The deluxe edition features a pink background with "Raleigh Ritchie" in white text. | |
| Studio album by Raleigh Ritchie | |
| Released | 26 February 2016 (2016-02-26) |
| Recorded | 2012–2016 |
| Genre | Alternative R&B |
| Length | 46:46 |
| Label | Columbia |
| Producer |  |
| Raleigh Ritchie chronology | |
| ***You're a Man Now, Boy***
(2016) *Andy*
(2020) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *You're a Man Now, Boy* | |
| 1. "Stronger Than Ever"
Released: 14 March 2014 2. "Birthday Girl"
Released: 7 December 2014 3. "The Greatest"
Released: 13 March 2015 4. "Never Say Die"
Released: 14 June 2015 5. "Bloodsport '15"
Released: 23 July 2015 6. "You're a Man Now, Boy"
Released: 11 December 2015 7. "Keep it Simple"
Released: 8 January 2016 8. "Never Better"
Released: 22 January 2016 | |
|  | |


title: Ephraim Kirby

abstract: Ephraim Kirby was a Revolutionary War soldier, published the first volume of law reports in the United States, was the first General High Priest of the Royal Arch Masons of the United States, and was the first judge of the Superior Court of the Mississippi Territory.

text:
# Ephraim Kirby

**Ephraim Kirby** (February 23, 1757 – October 4, 1804) was a Revolutionary War soldier, published the first volume of law reports in the United States, was the first General High Priest of the Royal Arch Masons of the United States, and was the first judge of the Superior Court of the Mississippi Territory.

## Early life

Kirby was born in Woodbury, Connecticut, the son of Abraham Kirby and the great-great grandson of Joseph Kirby who emigrated from Warwickshire to Hartford, Connecticut in the early seventeenth century. Kirby attended Yale University but left college without a degree. He served in the cavalry during the American Revolution, seeing combat in the Battle of Bunker Hill and in the engagement at Elk River, he received seven sabre cuts on the head, and was left on the field as dead. In all, he was wounded thirteen times rising to the rank of lieutenant in a Rhode Island company. Upon his return to Litchfield, Connecticut, he married Ruth Marvin, daughter of his legal mentor.

## Career

Kirby practiced law in Litchfield, Connecticut and, in 1787, Yale gave him an honorary Master of Arts degree. He served in the Connecticut General Assembly from 1791 until 1801. afterwards he was director of the Western Reserve in Ohio.

In 1789 Kirby compiled the first volume of law reports in America, those of the Superior Court of Connecticut, in the *Reports of Cases Adjudged in the Superior Court of the State of Connecticut*, from the year 1785, to May, 1788. He was also the first General Grand High Priest of the Royal Arch Masons of the United States, 1798-1804.

President Thomas Jefferson appointed Kirby Supervisor of Internal Revenue for Connecticut, a position he held until September 1802. In April 1804, Kirby was appointed the first Superior Court Judge of the Mississippi Territory. He went directly to his new post, Fort Stoddert, on the Alabama River north of Spanish-held Mobile, near the present Mount Vernon. In this sparsely settled wilderness, he began the foundation of a new court system for what would become the State of Alabama.

He lived only a few months, dying of fever after being appointed by President Jefferson as the new Judge of the Superior Court of the Territory of Orleans. He left Ruth and eight children in Connecticut. His grave at old Fort Stoddert has never been found.

Judge Kirby was the grandfather of Edmund Kirby Smith, the Confederate general.

## InfoBox

| Ephraim Kirby | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Born | February 23, 1757
Woodbury |
| Died | October 4, 1804  (aged 47)
Fort Stoddert |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Children | Frances Kirby Smith, Edmund Kirby |
| Parent(s) | * Abraham Kirby |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: Luke Jones (rugby union)

abstract: Luke Jones is a former Australian rugby union footballer. His regular playing position is either lock or flanker. He represents Racing 92 in the French Top 14 competition, having previously played for the Melbourne Rebels and the Western Force in Super Rugby.

text:
# Luke Jones (rugby union)

**Luke Jones** (born 2 April 1991) is a former Australian rugby union footballer. His regular playing position is either lock or flanker. He represents Racing 92 in the French Top 14 competition, having previously played for the Melbourne Rebels and the Western Force in Super Rugby.

## Playing history

Jones represented the Australian Schoolboys in both 2008 and 2009. He was a Schoolboys' captain in 2009, and named to play in a test against New Zealand in Brisbane. He also captained NSW Schools in 2009 at the Australian National Championships. He was selected to tour the UK with the Australian Schoolboys in late 2009, and selected again to play Ireland. Jones then returned to Australia to train with the Western Force in Perth. He had signed with the Force while at St Pius X College in Sydney, to become the first forward in Australian rugby to sign a full-time professional contract while still at school.

Jones had a busy 2010. He made his Super Rugby debut in Wellington against the Hurricanes; he hadn't yet turned 19 when he came off the bench to help Force captain Nathan Sharpe lock the scrum in the competition's second round. At the 2010 JWC in Argentina he scored one of Australia's nine tries to help the Australia wallop Scotland 58–13 in a pool match. And he helped Sydney Uni win its club competition.

In March 2010 it was announced Jones would leave the Force to transfer to the Melbourne Rebels ready for the 2011 Super Rugby season. In May 2011 he made his Rebels debut against the Cheetahs in South Africa. In June he received the 'Rebel Rising Player of the Year' award, and competed for Australia in the JWC in Italy. His JWC teammates included SPX alumni and flanker Michael Hooper (Brumbies from 2010), and prop Paul Alo-Emile (Rebels from 2012).

Jones began his 2012 Super Rugby season at number 6 (blindside flanker) in the Rebels season opener against the Waratahs. He continued with the Rebels in 2013 and 2014.

In 2013, Jones re-signed with the Rebels until the end of the 2016 Super Rugby season.

On 12 May 2020, Jones return to France to join Top 14 rivals Racing 92 ahead of the 2020–21 season.

On 18 July 2022, Jones returned home to Australia, signing with the Queensland Reds.

## Personal life

Jones currently studies a Bachelor of Commerce at Deakin University.

## Super Rugby statistics

*As of 27 May 2020*

| Season | Team | Games | Starts | Sub | Mins | Tries | Cons | Pens | Drops | Points | Yel | Red |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | Force | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | Rebels | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2012 | Rebels | 12 | 12 | 0 | 948 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2013 | Rebels | 16 | 11 | 5 | 967 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2014 | Rebels | 16 | 15 | 1 | 1177 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2015 | Rebels | 15 | 15 | 0 | 1196 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 2016 | Rebels | 13 | 13 | 0 | 977 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2019 | Rebels | 14 | 12 | 2 | 933 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2020 | Rebels | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | | 89 | 78 | 11 | 6231 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 |

## InfoBox

Luke Jones
| Jones in 2014 | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Luke Maxwell Jones |
| Date of birth | (1991-04-02) 2 April 1991 |
| Place of birth | Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| Height | 1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) |
| Weight | 111 kg (17 st 7 lb) |
| School | St Pius X College |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Lock, Flanker  Senior career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2014–2015 Melbourne Rising  14  (5)  2016–2019 Bordeaux  48  (10)  2019 Melbourne Rising  4  (0)  2020–2022 Racing 92   ()  Correct as of 27 May 2020  Provincial / State sides  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2012 Manly  5  (5)  Correct as of 21 July 2014  Super Rugby  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2010 Western Force  2  (0)  2011–2016 Melbourne Rebels  72  (5)  2019–2020 Melbourne Rebels  15  (0)  2023 Queensland Reds  0  (0)  Correct as of 14 July 2023  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2010 Australia U20  9  (5)  2014– Australia  6  (0)  Correct as of 30 November 2014 | |


title: The Second Mrs Tanqueray (1916 film)

abstract: The Second Mrs Tanqueray is a 1916 British silent film directed by Fred Paul and starring George Alexander, Hilda Moore and Norman Forbes. It is an adaptation of the 1893 play The Second Mrs Tanqueray by Arthur Wing Pinero.

text:
# The Second Mrs Tanqueray (1916 film)

***The Second Mrs Tanqueray*** is a 1916 British silent film directed by Fred Paul and starring George Alexander, Hilda Moore and Norman Forbes. It is an adaptation of the 1893 play *The Second Mrs Tanqueray* by Arthur Wing Pinero.

## Cast

1. BFI.org

## InfoBox

| The Second Mrs Tanqueray | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Fred Paul |
| Written by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Production<br>company | Ideal Film Company |
| Distributed by | Ideal Film Company |
| Release date | * March 1916 (1916-03) |
| Running time | 5 reels |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |


title: J. R. Léveillé

abstract: Joseph Roger Louis Léveillé, commonly known as J. R. Léveillé or J. Roger Léveillé, is a Canadian writer from Winnipeg, Manitoba. A key figure in Franco-Manitoban literature, he is most noted for his 2001 novel The Setting Lake Sun, which won the Prix Rue-Deschambault for Franco-Manitoban literature in 2002, and was selected for the 2020 edition of Le Combat des livres. Unusually in Canadian literature, both the original French Le soleil du lac qui se couche and its English translation The Setting Lake Sun were published concurrently in 2001; normally, Canadian literature in translation is not published until several months or even years after the original version. Sue Stewart, the novel's translator, received an honorable mention from the John Glassco Translation Prize for The Setting Lake Sun. Léveillé was educated at the University of Manitoba and in France, writing his master's thesis on the work of Alain Robbe-Grillet. He has published numerous works of poetry, fiction and non-fiction since 1968, and his most recent novel, Ganiishomong, ou l’extase du temps, was published in 2020. He was awarded the Manitoba Arts Council's Award of Distinction in 2012.

text:
# J. R. Léveillé

**Joseph Roger Louis Léveillé**, OC commonly known as **J. R. Léveillé** or **J. Roger Léveillé**, is a Canadian writer from Winnipeg, Manitoba. A key figure in Franco-Manitoban literature, he is most noted for his 2001 novel *The Setting Lake Sun (Le soleil du lac qui se couche)*, which won the Prix Rue-Deschambault for Franco-Manitoban literature in 2002, and was selected for the 2020 edition of *Le Combat des livres*.

Unusually in Canadian literature, both the original French *Le soleil du lac qui se couche* and its English translation *The Setting Lake Sun* were published concurrently in 2001; normally, Canadian literature in translation is not published until several months or even years after the original version. Sue Stewart, the novel's translator, received an honorable mention from the John Glassco Translation Prize for *The Setting Lake Sun*.

Léveillé was educated at the University of Manitoba and in France, writing his master's thesis on the work of Alain Robbe-Grillet. He has published numerous works of poetry, fiction and non-fiction since 1968, and his most recent novel, *Ganiishomong, ou l’extase du temps*, was published in 2020.

He was awarded the Manitoba Arts Council's Award of Distinction in 2012.

## Works

* *Tombeau*, 1968
* *La disparate*, 1975
* *Œuvre de la première mort*, 1977
* *Le livre des marges*, 1981
* *Plage*, 1984
* *Extrait*, 1984
* *L’incomparable*, 1984
* *Montréal poésie*, 1987
* *Causer l’amour*, 1993
* *Les fêtes de l’infini*, 1996
* *Une si simple passion*, 1997
* *Pièces à conviction*, 1999
* *Dess(e)ins*, 1999
* *Le soleil du lac qui se couche*, 2001
* *Dess(e)ins II/Drawing(s) II*, 2001
* *Fastes*, 2003
* *Nosara*, 2003
* *New York Trip*, 2003
* *rRr*, 2005
* *Parade ou Les autres par J.R. Léveillé*, 2005
* *Logiques improvisées*, essais, Éditions du Blé, 2005.
* *Généalogie de Lieu*, 2005
* *Transformation*, 2006
* *Litanie*, 2008
* *L'Étang du Soir*, 2008
* *Pierre Lardon - Poésies choisies*, 2011.
* *Poème Pierre Prière* \- 2011
* *L'Invocation de Rutebeuf et de Villon*, 2012
* *Sûtra*, 2013
* *Sondes*, 2014
* *Ganiishomong, ou l’extase du temps*, 2020


title: Monochamus fisheri

abstract: Monochamus fisheri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1944. It is known from Borneo.

text:
# Monochamus fisheri

***Monochamus fisheri*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1944. It is known from Borneo.

## InfoBox

| *Monochamus fisheri* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Tribe: | Lamiini |
| Genus: | *Monochamus* |
| Species: | ***M. fisheri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Monochamus fisheri***<br>Breuning, 1944 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Anhammus variegatus* Fisher, 1935 | |


title: George Patterson (missionary)

abstract: George Neilson Patterson also known as Khampa Gyau and Patterson of Tibet, was a Scottish engineer and missionary who served as medical officer and diplomatic representative of the Tibetan resistance movement during the Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China. He was married to the surgeon Meg Patterson.

text:
# George Patterson (missionary)

**George Neilson Patterson** (born 19 August 1920 in Falkirk, died at Auchlochan, Lesmahagow, 28 December 2012) also known as **Khampa Gyau** (bearded Khampa in Tibetan) and **Patterson of Tibet**, was a Scottish engineer and missionary who served as medical officer and diplomatic representative of the Tibetan resistance movement during the Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China.

He was married to the surgeon Meg Patterson.

## Letter of Remembrance

The International Campaign for Tibet awarded him their Light of Truth Award on 25 March 2011. In a letter presented with the award, a simple butter-lamp symbolizing the light the recipient has shed on the cause of Tibet, the Dalai Lama's Special Envoy Lodi Gyaltsen Gyari said: "It is my honour to convey to you in writing the decision of the Board of the International Campaign for Tibet to award you the Light of Truth, the highest recognition in the Tibet world of service to Tibet. The Board of Directors, chaired by Mr. Richard Gere, took the unanimous decision with great enthusiasm and, on their behalf, I offer you heartfelt congratulations. It gives my added pleasure as a Khampa to be the person to officially bring this news to you, Khampa Gyau \['bearded Khampa'\], the name by which His Holiness the Dalai Lama fondly and humorously called you."

## Publications

* Patterson, George Neilson (1952). *Tibetan Journey*. UK: Faber & Faber.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1954). *God's Fool*. United States: Doubleday.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1956). *Up and Down Asia*.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1958). *Tragic Destiny*.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1960). *Tibet in Revolt*.
* Patterson, George Neilson (April 1963). *Peking Versus Delhi*. United States: Praeger.
* Patterson, George Neilson (May 1964). *The Unquiet Frontier*. United States: Dragonfly Paperbacks.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1968). *Christianity in Communist China*. United States: Word.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1983). *Christianity and Marxism*. UK: Paternoster Press.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1990). *Requiem For Tibet*. London, UK: Aurum Press. ISBN 9781854101112.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1990). *The China Paradox - Christ Versus Marx*. UK: Word Books.
* Patterson, George Neilson. *Patterson of Tibet*. United States: Promotion Publishing.

## Joint publications

### with Meg Patterson

* Patterson, George Neilson (1975). *Addictions Can Be Cured*. UK: Lion.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1983). *Getting Off The Hook: Addictions can be cured by NET (neuroelectric therapy)*. Wheaton, Illinois: Harold Shaw. ISBN 978-0-87788-305-0.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1987). *The Power Factor*. UK: Word.
* Patterson, George Neilson (1994). *The Paradise Factor*. UK: Word.

## Contributor

* editor Klatt, Werner (1965). *The Chinese Problem*. OUP & HKUP. `{{cite book}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)
* editor Wint, Guy (September 1966). *Asia Handbook*. Anthony Blond; Penguin. `{{cite book}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)

## Documentaries

### Advisor and scriptwriter

## InfoBox

| George N. Patterson | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1920-08-19)19 August 1920
Falkirk, Scotland |
| Died | 28 December 2012 (aged 92)
Auchlochan, Scotland |
| Spouse | Meg Patterson |


title: National Horse Show

abstract: The National Horse Show is the oldest continually held horse show in the United States. It was founded in 1883 in New York and held there until 2002, when it moved to Florida and then to Kentucky. The National Horse Show offers competition for hunters, equitation, and show jumpers.

text:
# National Horse Show

The **National Horse Show** is the oldest continually held horse show in the United States. It was founded in 1883 in New York and held there until 2002, when it moved to Florida and then to Kentucky.

The National Horse Show offers competition for hunters, equitation, and show jumpers.

## History

The National Horse Show (NHS) was founded in 1883 in New York City by a group of affluent sportsmen. By 1887, the National Horse Show Directory, listing directors and 920 members, formed the basis for Louis Keller's first New York Social Register. The competition was featured regularly in illustrations for Harper's Weekly and other magazines by artists such as Howard Chandler Christy and Charles Dana Gibson.

In 1909, Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt, then president of the National Horse Show, made the show international by inviting British Cavalry officers to compete. In 1915 Eleonora Sears became the first woman to ride astride at the National Horse Show; prior to that, women rode sidesaddle. That same year, the show became an American military competition, until 1925. Competitors included Generals John J. "Black Jack" Pershing, William Billy Mitchell and George S. Patton. In 1926, the show moved to the third Madison Square Garden located on Eighth Avenue at 50th Street. Garden III would witness 40 years of National history and the show's continuing evolution.

By 1942, the National Horse Show had reached such importance that even as America entered World War II, an abbreviated show was still held. The competition moved to Madison Square Garden on 34th Street at Pennsylvania Station in 1968. It celebrated its centennial in 1983 with a Carriage Marathon for over 100 horse-drawn vehicles through Central Park and down Fifth Avenue to City Hall. In 1989, it moved to New Jersey's Meadowlands Arena. Newer, larger facilities led to an expansion of show division offerings. Pony hunters competed again, after an absence of 27 years, and new classes like celebrity cutting, lead line, and local classes for horses stabled within 100 miles were added.

In 1996, the competition returned to its century-old home at Madison Square Garden, and the famous racehorse, Cigar, with earnings of almost $10 million, had his formal retirement ceremony there. An Equine Extravaganza was held at Rockefeller Plaza in 1997, in recognition of The National Horse Show's 114th year.

In 2002, the show moved to Wellington, Florida, and managed by Mason Phelps Jr., who would later become president of the event. From 2008 to 2010 the NHS was held at the *Syracuse Invitational* in Syracuse, New York.

In 2011 the show moved again: the 128th National Horse Show was held in the Alltech Arena at the Kentucky Horse Park, Lexington, Kentucky, the location of the 2010 FEI World Equestrian Games.

## InfoBox

National Horse Show
| Location | Originally New York, now Lexington, Kentucky |
| --- | --- |
| Held | Annually |
| Inaugurated | 1883 |
| Divisions | Hunters & Jumpers |
| Classes | Hunters Jumpers & Equitation |
| Website | nhs.org |


title: Fujitsu Eagle

abstract: The M2351 "Eagle" was a hard disk drive manufactured by Fujitsu with an SMD interface that was used on many servers in the mid-1980s. It offered an unformatted capacity of 470 MB in 10+1⁄2 inches (270 mm) (6U) of 19-inch rack space, at a retail price of about US$10,000. The data density, access speed, reliability, use of a standard interface, and price point combined to make it a very popular product used by many system manufacturers, such as Sun Microsystems. The Eagle was also popular at installations of DEC VAX systems, as third-party storage systems were often dramatically more cost-effective and space-dense than those vendor-supplied. The model 2351A incorporated eleven platters rotating at 3,960 rpm, taking half a minute to spin up. The Eagle used 10.5-inch-diameter (270 mm) platters, unlike most of its competitors, which still used the 14-inch (360 mm) standard set in 1962 by the IBM 1311. One moving head accessed each data surface, one more head was dedicated to the servo mechanism. The model 2351AF added 60 fixed heads for access to a separate area of 1.7 MB. The Eagle achieved a data transfer rate of 1.8 MB/s. Power consumption was about 600 watts.

text:
# Fujitsu Eagle

The **M2351 "Eagle"** was a hard disk drive manufactured by Fujitsu with an SMD interface that was used on many servers in the mid-1980s. It offered an unformatted capacity of 470 MB in 10+12 inches (270 mm) (6U) of 19-inch rack space, at a retail price of about US$10,000.

The data density, access speed, reliability, use of a standard interface, and price point combined to make it a very popular product used by many system manufacturers, such as Sun Microsystems. The Eagle was also popular at installations of DEC VAX systems, as third-party storage systems were often dramatically more cost-effective and space-dense than those vendor-supplied.

The model 2351A incorporated eleven platters rotating at 3,960 rpm, taking half a minute to spin up. The Eagle used 10.5-inch-diameter (270 mm) platters, unlike most of its competitors, which still used the 14-inch (360 mm) standard set in 1962 by the IBM 1311. One moving head accessed each data surface (20 total), one more head was dedicated to the servo mechanism. The model 2351AF added 60 fixed heads (20 surfaces × 3 cylinders) for access to a separate area of 1.7 MB.

The Eagle achieved a data transfer rate of 1.8 MB/s (a contemporary 5+14-inch (130 mm) PC disk would only deliver 0.4 MB/s).

Power consumption (of the drive alone) was about 600 watts.

1. Net capacity available would range between 330-380 MB, depending on formatting
* "M2351 Magnetic Disk Unit". *IPSJ Computer Museum*. Information Processing Society of Japan. Retrieved 30 October 2021.
* neozeed (26 September 2009). "Fujitsu Super Eagle". *Computer History Wiki*. Tore Sinding Bekkedal (gunkies.org). Retrieved 30 October 2021.
* "Fujitsu M2351 Eagle - Functional Specifications". *Peter's Sun3 Zoo*. Archived from the original on 15 October 2016.


title: You're a Revhead

abstract: You're a Revhead is the second compilation album by Australian recording artist Adam Brand, featuring 17 "revhead" songs. The album was released on 27 May 2011 and came with a bonus DVD featuring 8 video clips. You're a Revhead peaked at number 39 on the ARIA Charts.

text:
# You're a Revhead

***You're a Revhead*** is the second compilation album by Australian recording artist Adam Brand, featuring 17 "revhead" songs. The album was released on 27 May 2011 and came with a bonus DVD featuring 8 video clips. *You're a Revhead* peaked at number 39 on the ARIA Charts.

## Track listing

Disc 1
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Dirt Track Cowboys" | Adam Brand | 2:54 |
| 2. | "Number 34" | Byron Hill | 2:50 |
| 3. | "King of the Road" | Brand | 3:24 |
| 4. | "You're a Revhead" | Brand, Colin Buchanan | 3:59 |
| 5. | "Built for Speed" | Brand, Bob Regan | 3:45 |
| 6. | "When I Get My Wheels" | Brand | 3:34 |
| 7. | "Big Old Car" | Don Walker | 2:28 |
| 8. | "Dirt Racer" | Brand, Wade Aunger, Glen Hannah | 4:12 |
| 9. | "Beating Around the Bush" | Brand, Wayne Burt | 3:15 |
| 10. | "Just Drive" | Brand, Michael Carr | 4:40 |
| 11. | "Nothin's Gonna Slow Me Down" | Brand, David Lee Murphy | 4:24 |
| 12. | "That Was Us" | Tony Lane, Craig Wiseman | 3:25 |
| 13. | "Drive till the Wheels Fall Off" | Brand, Bobby Terry | 3:42 |
| 14. | "Get On Down the Road" | Murphy, Rivers Rutherford, Chuck Wicks | 3:10 |
| 15. | "Comin' From / Khe Sahn" | Brand, Sam Hawksley, Walker | 4:14 |
| 16. | "455 Rocket" (bonus track) | David Rawlings, Gillian Welch | 4:06 |
| 17. | "Born To Be Wild" (bonus track) | Mars Bonfire | 3:40 |

Bonus DVD
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Dirt Track Cowboys" | Adam Brand |  |
| 2. | "Beating Around the Bush" | Brand, Burt |  |
| 3. | "You're a Revhead" | Brand, Buchanan |  |
| 4. | "When I Get My Wheels" | Brand |  |
| 5. | "Built for Speed" | Brand, Regan |  |
| 6. | "That Was Us" | Lane, Wisemane |  |
| 7. | "Get On Down the Road" | Murphy, Rutherford, Wicks |  |
| 8. | "Comin' From / Khe Sahn" | Brand, Hawksley, Walker |  |

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 39 |
| Australian Country Albums (ARIA) | 3 |
| Australian Artist Albums (ARIA) | 7 |
|

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australian Country Albums (ARIA) | 32 |
|

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Edition(s) | Label | Catalogue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Australia | 27 May 2011 |  | CD/DVD | Compass Brothers, Shock Records | 080CDCB |
| Australia | 31 August 2012 |  | CD | Compass Brothers, EMI Music Australia |  |
|

## InfoBox

| You're a Revhead | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Adam Brand | |
| Released | 27 May 2011 |
| Recorded | 1998–2011 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 61:42 |
| Label | Compass Brothers, Shock Records |
| Producer | Graham Thompson |
| Adam Brand chronology | |
| *It's Gonna Be OK*
(2010) ***You're a Revhead***
(2011) *There Will Be Love*
(2012) | |


title: You're for Me

abstract: You're for Me is an album by American country music artist Buck Owens, released in 1962. It was re-issued in 1995 by Sundazed Records with two bonus tracks.

text:
# You're for Me

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***You're for Me*** is an album by American country music artist Buck Owens, released in 1962.

It was re-issued in 1995 by Sundazed Records with two bonus tracks.

## Track listing

1. "You're for Me" (Tommy Collins, Buck Owens) – 2:15
2. "Fool Me Again" (Dusty Rhodes, Rolly Weber) – 2:36
3. "Down on the Corner of Love" (Owens) – 2:22
4. "Mexican Polka" (Owens) – 2:08
5. "Mirror, Mirror on the Wall" (Owens, Don Rollins) – 2:12
6. "Bad Bad Dream" (Owens) – 2:30
7. "Under the Influence of Love" (Harlan Howard, Owens) – 2:21
8. "Nobody's Fool But Yours" (Owens) – 2:30
9. "House Down the Block" (Owens) – 2:29
10. "Country Polka" (Owens) – 2:14
11. "Down to the River" (Owens) – 2:51
12. "Blues for Life" (Owens) – 2:20 **1995 reissue bonus tracks**:
13. "Under the Influence of Love" (Howard, Owens) – 2:22
14. "You're for Me" (Collins, Owens) – 2:14

## Recorded

* May 24, 1961, Capitol Recording Studio, Hollywood (6,7,8)
* Sept 26, 1961, Capitol Recording Studio, Hollywood (1,9)
* Dec 5, 1961, Capitol Recording Studio, Hollywood (5)
* Jan 1962, Capitol Recording Studio, Hollywood (2,3,4,10,11,12)

## InfoBox

| You're for Me | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Buck Owens | |
| Released | October 1, 1962 (1962-10-01) |
| Studio | Capitol (Hollywood) |
| Genre | Country |
| Label | Capitol ST-1777 |
| Producer | Ken Nelson, Virginia Richmond |
| Buck Owens chronology | |
| *The Fabulous Country Music Sound of Buck Owens*
(1962) ***You're for Me***
(1962) *On the Bandstand*
(1963) | |


title: Yukio Shige

abstract: Yukio Shige is a retired Japanese police officer and head of an NPO that works to prevent suicides at the Tōjinbō cliffs in Fukui Prefecture in Japan. His work and that of the NPO is believed to have saved over 750 lives. He is known as the "chotto matte" man, for the words he says to people considering suicide.

text:
# Yukio Shige

**Yukio Shige** (茂幸雄, *Shige Yukio*) is a retired Japanese police officer and head of an NPO that works to prevent suicides at the Tōjinbō cliffs in Fukui Prefecture in Japan. His work and that of the NPO is believed to have saved over 750 lives. He is known as the "chotto matte" ("Wait a moment") man, for the words he says to people considering suicide.

## Police career

Shige worked as a police officer for the Fukui Prefectural Police for 42 years, retiring at the age of 60. His final posting was in Tōjinbō in Sakai. He was appalled by the many corpses he had to remove from the ocean. On one of his last patrols before retirement in 2003, he met an elderly Tokyo couple who owned a pub. They had major debt problems and were suicidal. They planned to throw themselves into the sea at sunset. He convinced them not to, and called a patrol car to take them to the local welfare bureau. The local authorities simply gave the couple enough money to get to the next town. He received a letter from them, sent shortly before their suicide in Nagaoka, Niigata, five days after he had encountered them. He was offended by the coldness of the authorities, and after his retirement began to patrol the cliffs to try and prevent suicides.

## Suicide prevention NPO

On April 27, 2004 Shige founded *Kokoro ni Hibiku Bunshu Henshukyoku* (Publishing bureau for collection of writings that reach the heart), which has continued to work to prevent suicides around Tōjinbō. In 2014 it saved its 500th life.

In 2008 Shige reported a spike in suicide attempts after job losses among casual employees due to the financial crisis of 2007–08, known as the "Lehman shock" in Japan. In Japan, it is not uncommon for employees to live in a company dormitory, so if workers lose their jobs they also lose their housing.

The NPO owns six apartments where people can stay if they lack accommodation.

During the 2016 Pokémon Go fad, the number of local visitors increased, reducing the number of suicidal visitors to the Tojinbo cliffs.

In 2017 the group's 16 members were considering using drones to monitor the cliffs and watch for suicidal people. As of May 2017 the group had prevented 586 people from killing themselves.

In 2015 it was reported that Shige's work would be featured in a documentary. In 2017, Shige and his team of volunteers at NPO were featured in a YouTube documentary by Field of Vision entitled "The Gatekeeper."

Another documentary was released in 2018, made by the french director Blaise Perrin. It is titled *La Ronde* ("The Round").

The story of Yukio Shige also inspired a french novel, *Le Cœur régulier* (published in 2010), which was then adapted to cinema under the same name (but renamed "Kokoro" for the US audience).


title: Yutaka Kamikawa

abstract: Yutaka Kamikawa was a Japanese physician, who treated leprosy patients and studied leprosy. He worked at Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium and Losheng Sanatorium in Taiwan, and Tohoku Shinseien Sanatorium in Japan and studied chaulmoogra oil.

text:
# Yutaka Kamikawa

**Yutaka Kamikawa** (上川 豊, *Kamikawa Yutaka*, 11 May 1892- 2 August 2001) was a Japanese physician, who treated leprosy patients and studied leprosy. He worked at Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium and Losheng Sanatorium in Taiwan, and Tohoku Shinseien Sanatorium in Japan and studied chaulmoogra oil.

## Life

He was born in Hiroshima Prefecture in 1892 and studied medicine at Nagasaki Medical School, Nagasaki University. In 1919, he worked at Kyushu Sanatorium Kikuchi Keifuen Sanatorium and studied chaulmoogra oil. He obtained Ph.D. from Kyoto University in 1930 and became the first director of national Taiwan Sanatorium, now called Losheng Sanatorium. He intensively studied leprosy patients there. New patients were hospitalized but healed patients were discharged. In 1946 he returned to Japan but lost valuable data during repatriation. In 1947 he worked at Tohoku Shinseien Sanatorium and became its director in 1948. He retired in 1965.

## Death

Kamikawa died at 109 in August 2, 2001.

## Works

* *The beneficial effects of chaulmoogra oil* (Report 1–5) (1930)
* *The history and distribution of leprosy in Formosa* (1940) Int J Leprosy 8,3,345.
* *The treatments of leprosy at the present time* (1939). A review of 30 pages, presented as a special lecture at the 13th Congress of the Japanese leprosy Association at Sendai.
* *50 years of the Japanese leprosy association from the viewpoint of leprosy control* (1977) Jpn J Leprosy 46:168–170.

## Chaulmoogra oil

*Review of treatments of leprosy, especially on chaulmoogra oil*. He made a special lecture on this title at the 13th Congress of the Japanese Association of Leprosy in 1939 at Sendai. His review included treatments of leprosy with gold, silver, cupper, arsenics, iodine, timol, pigments, nonspecific immune therapies, sulfon drugs, vitamine, bacterial toxins, serum therapies, nutritional therapies; especially chaulmoogra oil. On sulphon-amids, he tested Therapol (paraamino-benzolsulfon amid) and found it was effective in 55.6% (10 cases) out of 18 cases. However, he concluded that with Therapol only, the sulphon-amids could not be expected as treatment of leprosy. On chaulmoogra oil, he reported it was effective in 30% in the Kyushu Sanatorium (he studied it between 1919 and 1930) and in 56.6% in Formosa (data between 1930 and 1939), while Hayashi Y. reported that it was effective in 50–80% of cases in the Zenshoen Hospital, Tama Zenshoen Sanatorium. He concluded that chaulmoogra oil was the only hopeful treatment for patients whose leprosy was not severe, and the mechanism was the activation of the immune system by stimulating the reticulo-endothelial system or lymphatic system. This was also the conclusion of his reports for Ph.D. in 1930.

## Honors

## Healed, discharged patients at Tohoku Shinseien Sanatorium

| Year | Patients |
| --- | --- |
| 1940 | 9 |
| 1941 | 21 |
| 1942 | 13 |
| 1943 | 8 |
| 1944 | 2 |
| 1945 | 5 |
| 1946 | 3 |
| 1947 | 0 |
| 1948 | 0 |
| 1949 | 3 |
| 1950 | 0 |
| 1951 | 0 |
| 1952 | 1 |
| 1953 | 0 |
| 1954 | 2 |
| 1955 | 1 |
| 1956 | 2 |
| 1957 | 3 |
| 1958 | 2 |
| 1959 | 2 |
| 1960 | 29 |
| 1961 | 7 |
| 1962 | 6 |

* *Dr. Yutaka Kamikawa, a humanitarian physician* (1970) published by Tohoku Shinseien.
* *40th year memorial book of Tohoku Shin-seien* (1979) Tohoku Shinsei-en.

## Footnotes

1. Jinjutsu wo Mattou Seshi Hito The history of Dr. Kamikawa Yutaka (1970) ed. Mamoru Uchida, Tohoku Shinseien

## InfoBox

| Yutaka Kamikawa | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1892
Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan |
| Died | 2001
Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Occupation(s) | Physician, director of leper hospitals |
| Known for | The first director of the Rakuseien Sanatorium, now Losheng Sanatorium in Taiwan in 1930, studies on chaulmoogra oil |


title: Yuqing Gao

abstract:
Yuqing Gao is a Computer Scientist noted for her research on
middleware and speech-to-speech translation.

text:
# Yuqing Gao

**Yuqing Gao** is a Computer Scientist noted for her research on middleware and speech-to-speech translation.

## Biography

Gao received a Ph.D in Electrical Engineering from Southeast University in Jiangsu, China in 1989.

She worked at Apple Computer from 1993-1995. She had a long career at IBM as a manager and researcher from 1995-2014, and was an IBM Distinguished Engineer in 2013. Between 2015 and 2020, she was with Microsoft. As of 2020, she is with Amazon.

## Awards

Her notable awards include:

## InfoBox

| Yuqing Gao | |
| --- | --- |
| Alma mater | Southeast University |
| Known for | speech-to-speech translation |
| Awards | IEEE Fellow (2009) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Computer Science |
| Institutions | Microsoft
IBM
Apple Computer |
|  | |


title: Yvonne Elliman discography

text:
# Yvonne Elliman discography

This is the discography of American singer Yvonne Elliman.

## Albums

### Studio albums

| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | AUS
 | CAN
 |
| *Yvonne Elliman* | * Released: April 1972 * Label: Decca, Polydor * Released in the UK as *I Don't Know How to Love Him* |  |  |  |
| *Food of Love* |  |  |  |  |
| *Rising Sun* | * Released: May 1975 * Label: RSO |  |  |  |
| *Love Me* | * Released: February 1977 * Label: RSO | 68 |  |  |
| *Night Flight* | * Released: February 1978 * Label: RSO | 40 | 88 | 39 |
| *Yvonne* | * Released: October 1979 * Label: RSO | 174 |  |  |
| *Simple Needs* | * Released: 2004 * Label: EboRhythm |  |  |  |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. | | | | |

### Compilation albums

| Title | Album details |
| --- | --- |
| *The Very Best of Yvonne Elliman* | * Released: March 1, 1995 * Label: Taragon |
| *The Best of Yvonne Elliman* | * Released: 1995 * Label: Polydor * Contains the entirety of the *Love Me* album |
| *Master Series* | * Released: 1996 * Label: PolyGram * UK-only release |
| *The Best of Yvonne Elliman* | * Released: April 22, 1997 * Label: Polydor |
| *If I Can't Have You* | * Released: March 1999 * Label: PSM/PolyGram |
| *The Collection* |  |
| *The Best of Yvonne Elliman* | * Released: July 2004 * Label: Polydor |

## EPs

| Title | Album details |
| --- | --- |
| *Simple Needs* | * Released: 2004 * Label: EboRhythm |

## Singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | | | | | | | | | | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | US AC
 | AUS
 | BE (FLA)
 | CAN
 | CAN AC
 | IRE
 | NL
 | NZ
 | UK
 | |
| "I Don't Know How to Love Him" | 1971 | 28 | 15 | 72 |  | 20 |  |  |  |  | 47 | *Jesus Christ Superstar* |
| | "Everything's Alright" | 92 | 25 | 100 |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "Can't Find My Way Home" | 1972 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Yvonne Elliman* |
| | "Nothing Rhymed" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| | "What a Line to Go Out On" (UK-only release) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *I Don't Know How to Love Him* |
| | "Could We Start Again Please?" (with Michael Jason) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Jesus Christ Superstar – Original Broadway Cast* |
| "I Can't Explain" | 1973 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Food of Love* |
| "Come On Back Where You Belong" | 1974 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-album single |
| "From the Inside" | 1975 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Rising Sun* |
| | "Somewhere in the Night" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| | "The Best of My Love" (Netherlands-only release) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| | "Walk Right In" | 109 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "Love Me" | 1976 | 14 | 5 | 15 | 30 | 11 | 3 | 9 | 16 | 3 | 6 | *Love Me* |
| "Hello Stranger" | 1977 | 15 | 1 |  |  | 13 | 1 |  | 20 | 12 | | 26 |
| | "I Can't Get You Outa My Mind" |  | 19 |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | | 17 |
| | "If I Can't Have You" | 1 | 9 | 9 | 24 | 1 | 2 | 20 | 31 | 6 | 4 | *Saturday Night Fever* |
| "Savannah" | 1978 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Yvonne* |
| | "Lady of the Silver Spoon" (Australia-only release) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Night Flight* |
| | "Moment by Moment" | 59 | 32 |  |  |  | 18 |  |  |  |  | *Moment by Moment* |
| "Love Pains" | 1979 | 34 | 33 |  | 13 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  | *Yvonne* |
| "Your Precious Love" (with Stephen Bishop) | 1980 | 105 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Roadie* |
| "If I Can't Have You" (with David Levy) | 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-album singles |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Contributions

| Year | Title | Artist | Contribution |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970 | *Jesus Christ Superstar* | Various | Vocals |
| 1971 | *Jesus Christ Superstar – Original Broadway Cast* | | |
| | *Gemini Suite* | Jon Lord | Vocals on "Vocals" |
| 1973 | *Jesus Christ Superstar – The Original Motion Picture Sound Track Album* | Various | Vocals |
| 1974 | *461 Ocean Boulevard* | Eric Clapton | Vocals on six tracks, guitar on "Please Be with Me" and co-wrote "Get Ready" |
| 1975 | *There's One in Every Crowd* | | Vocals |
| | *E. C. Was Here* | |
| 1976 | *No Reason to Cry* | |
| 1977 | *Let It Flow* | Dave Mason | Vocals on "Seasons" |
| | *Slowhand* | Eric Clapton | Vocals |
| 1978 | *Rings Around the Moon* | | Carillo |
| 1981 | *Stand in the Light* | | Henry Kapono |
| 1982 | *No More Illusions* | | Jim Mandell |
| | *Here I Am* | | Norman Saleet |
| 1983 | *WarGames* | Arthur B. Rubinstein | Vocals on three tracks |
| 1984 | *On Whistle Test* | Eric Clapton | Vocals (Video album recorded live in 1977) |
| 1996 | *Crossroads 2: Live in the Seventies* | | Vocals (Box set of live recordings from the 1970s) |
| 2014 | *Rock Opera* | Ted Neeley | Vocals on "Up Where We Belong" |

1. "Yvonne Elliman – Billboard 200". *Billboard*. Retrieved October 26, 2021.
2. Kent, David (1993). *Australian Chart Book 1970–1992* (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 102. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
3. "Image : RPM Weekly". *www.bac-lac.gc.ca*. July 17, 2013. Retrieved October 26, 2021.
4. "Yvonne Elliman – Hot 100". *Billboard*. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
5. Whitburn, Joel (1982). *Joel Whitburn's Bubbling Under the Hot 100 1959–1981*. Record Research. pp. 18, 55. ISBN 9780898200478.
6. "Yvonne Elliman – Adult Contemporary". *Billboard*. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
7. "ultratop.be - ULTRATOP BELGIAN CHARTS". *www.ultratop.be*. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
8. "Results: RPM Weekly". *www.bac-lac.gc.ca*. July 17, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
9. "Results: RPM Weekly". *www.bac-lac.gc.ca*. July 17, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
10. "The Irish Charts - All there is to know". *irishcharts.ie*. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
11. "Dutch Charts - dutchcharts.nl". *dutchcharts.nl*. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
12. "charts.org.nz - New Zealand charts portal". *charts.nz*. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
13. "YVONNE ELLIMAN | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company". *www.officialcharts.com*. Retrieved October 27, 2021.

## InfoBox

| Yvonne Elliman discography | |
| --- | --- |
| Studio albums | 6 |
| Compilation albums | 7 |
| EPs | 1 |
| Singles | 22 |


title: Yuantouzhu

abstract: Yuantouzhu is a peninsula which lies on the northwestern shore of Lake Tai, near Wuxi in China's Jiangsu province. It was established as a park in 1916 and celebrated its centennial in 2016. Yuantouzhu, or "Turtle Head Isle" in English, is a popular scenic tourist region. Tourist ferries leave from Yuantouzhu to the Sanshan Islands (三山岛), which were opened to tourists in the mid-1980s. Seagulls follow the boat and like to be fed by tourists on boat. The Yuantouzhu park is famous for its tourism especially during the spring season from March to April when hundreds of cherry blossom trees start to bloom. Two gates are open for tourists which are Chongshan gate and Dushan main gate. During the season, there are also at least eight ancient fishing sailboats in the lake.

text:
# Yuantouzhu

**Yuantouzhu** (Chinese: 鼋头渚; pinyin: *Yuán tóu zhǔ*) is a peninsula which lies on the northwestern shore of Lake Tai, near Wuxi in China's Jiangsu province. It was established as a park in 1916 and celebrated its centennial in 2016.

Yuantouzhu, or "Turtle Head Isle" in English (so called because its shape resembles a turtle's head), is a popular scenic tourist region. Tourist ferries leave from Yuantouzhu to the Sanshan Islands (三山岛), which were opened to tourists in the mid-1980s. Seagulls follow the boat and like to be fed by tourists on boat.

The Yuantouzhu park is famous for its tourism especially during the spring season from March to April when hundreds of cherry blossom trees start to bloom. Two gates are open for tourists which are Chongshan gate and Dushan main gate. During the season, there are also at least eight ancient fishing sailboats in the lake.

31°31′4″N 120°13′40″E / 31.51778°N 120.22778°E / 31.51778; 120.22778


title: Yunduan

abstract: Yunduan was Qing dynasty imperial prince as Yolo's 18th son and Abatai's grandson. Yunduan was granted a title of Prince Qin of the Second Rank in 1684 and was stripped of all of his titles in 1698. His lineage became extinct because of the lack of a male heir. As Prince Qin of the Second Rank peerage was not given iron-cap status, each successive bearer of the title would hold diminished ranks vis-a-vis his predecessor.

text:
# Yunduan

**Yunduan** (Chinese: 蘊端, 1671-1705) was Qing dynasty imperial prince as Yolo's 18th son and Abatai's grandson. Yunduan was granted a title of Prince Qin of the Second Rank in 1684 and was stripped of all of his titles in 1698. His lineage became extinct because of the lack of a male heir. As Prince Qin of the Second Rank peerage was not given iron-cap status, each successive bearer of the title would hold diminished ranks vis-a-vis his predecessor.

## Life

Yunduan was born in 1671 to lady Hešeri, Yolo's third primary consort and paternal aunt of Empress Xiaochengren, Kangxi Emperor's first reigning empress. Yunduan was granted a title 'Prince Qin of the Second Rank' (勤郡王, meaning "diligent") in 1684. In 1690, after Nuoni (member of Prince Keqin peerage ) discovered that Yolo had sown discord among the regents and princes and, moreover, had framed Nuoni for unwilling to demonstrate filial piety, Yunduan was downgraded to prince of the fourth rank (贝子) along with his father, who became posthumously demoted to Prince An of the Second Rank，and brother, who became demoted to grace defender duke without an ability to pass the title on his descendants. Yunduan was stripped of his titles in 1698 because of his sympathy for Han rebelliants. It was disputed that Yunduan was not granted red girdles due to Kangxi Emperor's admiration for his literary works.

Yunduan died in 1705 at the age of 35. After his death, there weren't any other imperial princes adopted as his successors, hence the peerage remained extinct.

In his childhood, Yunduan was raised together with his elder brother, but turned ill-tempered because of their jealousy. Yunduan was recognised as an artist and a poet, whose lyrics evolved into Chinese opera. His works include: "Bridge on the Jade Basin" (《玉池生稿》), "Stories of Red Orchids" (《红兰集》), "Smartweed in the Sand" (《蓼汀集》), "Untitled poem" (《无题诗》); which became a libretto of "Story of the Dream of Yangzhou" (《扬州梦传奇》) and "View of the Late Spring" (《春郊晚眺》).

## Family

Yunduan was married to lady Nara, daughter of Cha'erhai (查尔海). His second wife was the sister of his previous one.

* Primary consort of the Nara clan (那拉氏)
    + Jinglian (经廉;1697-1699)
* Second primary consort, of the Nara clan (那拉氏)

### Family tree

Legend:

Orange - Prince Raoyu/Prince An of the First Rank

Indigo - Prince Xi

Blue - Consorts of Prince Xi

Light Blue - Lesser members and their consorts

Purple - Prince Qin

Violet - Consorts of Prince Xi

## Names

First courtesy name: Jianshan (兼山)

Second courtesy name: Zhengzi (正子), meaning "upright son"

First art name: Yuchisheng (玉池生), derived from the homonymic poem, meaning : "Scholar of the Jade Pond"

Second art name: Master of the Room of Red Orchids (红兰室主人), derived from the poem "Stories of Red Orchids"

## InfoBox

| Yunduan | |
| --- | --- |
| *Prince Qin of the Second Rank<br>多羅勤郡王* | |
| Head of the House of Prince Qin peerage | |
| Tenure | 1636–1652 |
| Predecessor | *peerage created* |
| Successor | *peerage abolished* |
|  | |
| Born | 1671 |
| Died | 1705 (aged 3334) |
| House | Aisin Gioro |
| Father | Yolo |
| Mother | Lady Hešeri |


title: Zagreb Mosque

abstract: The Zagreb Mosque, located in the city of Zagreb, is the largest mosque in Croatia. The Islamic Secondary School "Dr. Ahmed Smajlović" and a cultural centre operate within the mosque. The construction began in 1981 and finished in 1987. Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi, the Emir of Sharjah, donated US$2.5 million for the construction of the mosque. In 1983, he visited the Islamic community in Zagreb.

text:
# Zagreb Mosque

The **Zagreb Mosque**, located in the city of Zagreb, is the largest mosque in Croatia. The Islamic Secondary School "Dr. Ahmed Smajlović" and a cultural centre operate within the mosque. The construction began in 1981 and finished in 1987.

Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi, the Emir of Sharjah, donated US$2.5 million for the construction of the mosque. In 1983, he visited the Islamic community in Zagreb.

## Bibliography

45°47′29″N 16°00′41″E / 45.79139°N 16.01139°E / 45.79139; 16.01139

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
| Location | |
| Location | Zagreb, Croatia |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Mosque |
| Completed | 1987 |
| Specifications | |
| Minaret(s) | 1 |
| Minaret height | 34.5 m |
| Website | |
| http://www.islamska-zajednica.hr/index.php | |


title: Zalesie, Ostrzeszów County

abstract: Zalesie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Doruchów, within Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south of Doruchów, 7 km (4 mi) east of Ostrzeszów, and 137 km (85 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

text:
# Zalesie, Ostrzeszów County

**Zalesie** \[zaˈlɛɕɛ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Doruchów, within Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south of Doruchów, 7 km (4 mi) east of Ostrzeszów, and 137 km (85 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

## InfoBox

| Zalesie | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Zalesie | |
| Coordinates: 51°24′24″N 18°5′19″E / 51.40667°N 18.08861°E / 51.40667; 18.08861 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Ostrzeszów |
| Gmina | Doruchów |


title: Zalesie, Olecko County

abstract: Zalesie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świętajno, within Olecko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Świętajno, 17 km (11 mi) west of Olecko, and 119 km (74 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

text:
# Zalesie, Olecko County

**Zalesie** \[zaˈlɛɕɛ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świętajno, within Olecko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Świętajno, 17 km (11 mi) west of Olecko, and 119 km (74 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

## InfoBox

| Zalesie | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Zalesie | |
| Coordinates: 54°3′N 22°15′E / 54.050°N 22.250°E / 54.050; 22.250 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian |
| County | Olecko |
| Gmina | Świętajno |


title: Yunji Qiqian

abstract: The Yunji qiqian is a anthology of the (1016) Taoist Canon, which the Taoist scholar-official Zhang Junfang compiled for Emperor Zhenzong of Song. The Yunji qiqian records many early Taoist texts that have been lost since the 11th century, and is an important resource for understanding medieval Taoism.

text:
# Yunji Qiqian

The ***Yunji qiqian*** is a (c. 1029) anthology of the (1016) Taoist Canon, which the Taoist scholar-official Zhang Junfang compiled for Emperor Zhenzong of Song. The *Yunji qiqian* records many early Taoist texts that have been lost since the 11th century, and is an important resource for understanding medieval Taoism.

## History

The *Yunji qiqian* compendium was a "byproduct" of editing the 1016 edition *Daozang* "Taoist Canon" – the *Da Song tiangong baozang* 大宋天宮寳藏 "Great Song Celestial Palace Precious Canon". In 1012, the Northern Song Emperor Zhenzong (r. 997–1022) ordered the compilation of a revised and enlarged Canon. He put Chancellor Wang Qinruo in charge of the project, selected ten Taoist masters, and ordered Perfect Qi Guan 戚綸 to oversee the compilation of the *Daozang*. In 1016, the scholar-official Zhang Junfang (961?–1042?), who had replaced Qi Guan, completed the revised *Da Song tiangong baozang* edition, which comprised 4,565 *juan*  "scrolls; volumes". In 1019, Zhang presented emperor Zhenzong with seven manuscript sets of the new Taoist Canon.

Zhang Junfang subsequently selected Canonical texts for the *Yunji qiqian* anthology, which he dedicated to Zhenzong, and presented to Emperor Renzong of Song (r. 1022–1063). Zhang's preface, dated circa 1028–1029, explains "\[After having completed the Canon, I hence\] selected the essentials of the seven sections of Taoist literature, in order to provide an imperfect treasury of the profound writings of various Taoist masters." Zhang submits the book to Zhenzong as a "bedside companion" (literally *yiye zhi lan* 乙夜之覽, "\[for\] perusal during the second watch \[around 10 PM\]").

## Title

The title uses the common Chinese words *yun*  "cloud" and *qi*  "seven" with the Classical Chinese terms *ji*  "bamboo box used for travelling (esp. to carry books); book box; satchel" and *qian*  "bamboo slip; book marker; lot (used for divination); oracle" (both made from bamboo and written with the "bamboo radical" ).

Zhang's preface explains that he chose among *yunji qibu zhi ying* 雲笈七部之英 "outstanding \[books\] from the seven components in the cloudy bookbag". Boltz explains that *yunji* is a "well-established poetic trope for a bagful of Taoist writings" and *qibu* refers to the *sandong* 三洞 "Three Caverns" and *sibu* 四部 "Four Supplements" into which the Canon was organized.

Translating the opaque *Yunji qiqian* title into English is difficult.

* "The Seven Bamboo Tablets of the Cloudy Satchel"
* "The Bookcase of the Clouds with the Seven Labels"
* "The Essentials or Outlines of the Seven Sections of the Taoist Canon"
* "Seven Lots from the Bookbag of the Clouds"
* "The Seven Tablets in a Cloudy Satchel"

An alternative name for the *Yunji qiqian* is *xiao Daozang* 小道藏 "little Daoist Canon".

## Contents

The received *Yunji qiqian* has 37 *bu* sections, 122 *juan* chapters (several of which are divided into two parts), and quotes more than 700 early Taoist texts. Zhang's preface mentions 120 *juan*; one explanation for the discrepancy is if the 122-chapter Ming edition came from compiling various 120-chapter Song editions.

In Chinese bibliographic terminology, the *Yunji qiqian* is classified as a *leishu* (reference work arranged by category; encyclopedia). English descriptions of the text include anthology, encyclopedia, handbook, and encyclopedic anthology.

Source materials come almost exclusively from Six Dynasties (220–589) and Tang dynasty (618–907) Taoist works. Many texts are quoted extensively, some are abridged, and others are made into new compositions. Lin suggests the text represents the "crystallization" of religious Taoism from the late Han to early Song periods.

Schipper describes the *Yunji qiqian* as a handbook to the mystical and *yangsheng* 養生 "nourishing life" Taoism of the Tang, and the religion of the poets Li Bai, Li Shangyin, and Han Yu, which "provides a key to the understanding of the arts and the literature of this period."

## Editions

The (1445) Ming dynasty edition *Zhengtong daozang* 正統道藏 "Zhengtong Emperor's Taoist Canon" contains the earliest known complete copy of the *Yunji qiqian*, which subsequent Canon editions reproduced. This Ming edition inconsistently uses alternate Chinese characters to avoid Song dynasty (960–1279) naming taboos, which "suggests that the editors of the Canon drew from a combination of editions in print or manuscript form". Such taboos were not observed in fragments of pages from the Yuan Canon of 1244.

Zhang Xuan 張萱 published a copy of the *Yunji qiqian* in 1609, and it was reproduced by the (1773–1782) *Siku quanshu* and (1919–1922) *Sibu Congkan* collections. The (1929) edition *Sibu Congkan* reproduced the superior copy in the Ming Canon, which was not marred by lacuna.

In the modern era, Kristofer Schipper compiled an index to the *Yunji qiqian*, and linguistic scholars at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences produced a definitive edition.

## Problems

Schipper claimed the *Yunji qiqian* text had four problems, all of which Lin dismisses.

First, Schipper says Zhang's preface "surprisingly mentions Manichean works among those that entered into the compilation of the *Canon*," which has drawn the attentions of historians studying Manichaeism, but the actual *Yunji qiqian* "contains no identifiable Manichean material." Lin notes the preface "only mentioned that \[Zhang\] had "received" some Manichean scriptures when he was editing the Canon. He did not tell us whether those Manichean scriptures had been compiled into the Canon or not."

Second, Schipper notes that despite the title and preface, the *Yunji qiqian* "is not divided into seven parts; it does not even contain the slightest trace of such an arrangement." Lin cites Chen Guofu 陳國符 that the titular *qiqian* means "seven sections" of the Taoist Canon and not sections of the *Yunji qiqian*.

Third, Schipper says the most remarkable problem "is the total absence of the liturgical forms of Taoism", which are abundant in the 1016 Taoist Canon edited by Zhang. Since the *Yunji qiqian* does not contain any Daoist rituals for retreats, petitions, or memorials, and "it contains only the merest handful of talismans, charts, and diagrams", the present text "cannot be considered as an anthology of the Sung *Canon*." Comparing contents of the text's 37 *bu*  "sections" with the 12 *bu* of the Taoist Canon, Lin concludes that except for *weiyi* 威儀 "public rituals" and *zhangbiao* 章表 "petitions and memorials", the topics of the *Yunji qiqian* represent all the major features of Taoist literature.

Fourth, Schipper concludes that the received text, despite having underdone changes such as 120 to 122 *juan*, is probably descended from the original *Yuynji qiqian*. "It appears therefore impossible, at the present stage, to explain the discrepancies between the preface and the actual encyclopedia. But there are strong indications that the latter corresponds, by and large, to Chang's work."

* Boltz, Judith M. (2008). "Yunji qiqian" 雲笈七籤 \[Seven Lots from the Bookbag of the Clouds\]. In Pregadio, Fabrizio (ed.). *The Encyclopedia of Taoism*. pp. 1203–1206.
* Chavannes, Édouard; Pelliot, Paul (1911). "Un traité manichéen retrouvé en Chine". *Journal Asiatique* (in French): 499–617.
* Lin, Fu-shih (1995). "Religious Taoism and Dreams: An Analysis of the Dream-Data Collected in the *Yün-chi ch'i-ch'ien*". *Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie*. **8**: 95–112. doi:10.3406/asie.1995.1090.
* Schipper, Kristofer (1986). "Yün-chi ch'i-ch'ien". In Nienhauser, Jr., William H. (ed.). *The Indiana Companion to Traditional Chinese Literature*. Indiana University Press. pp. 966–968.

**Footnotes**

## InfoBox

| Yunji Qiqian | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 雲笈七籤 |
| Simplified Chinese | 云笈七签 |
| Literal meaning | Cloudy Bookbag Seven Slips |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Yúnjí qīqiān  Wade–Giles Yun-chi ch'i-ch'ien | |
|  | |