title: Stephen Partridge

abstract: Stephen Partridge is an English video artist who studied under David Hall and his career as an artist, academic and researcher, helped to establish video as an art form in the UK.

text:
# Stephen Partridge

**Stephen Partridge** (born 1953) is an English video artist who studied under David Hall and his career as an artist, academic and researcher, helped to establish video as an art form in the UK.

## Life and work

Stephen Partridge attended Maidstone College of Art and the Royal College of Art. He was in the "landmark" video shows of the 1970s including "The Video Show" at the Serpentine in 1975, the "Video Show" at the Tate Gallery London in 1976 (where he exhibited the installation "8x8x8" ), the Paris Biennalle in 1977 and The Kitchen in New York in 1979. During the eighties he exhibited widely and also became interested in works for broadcast television and was commissioned by Channel 4 television to produce "Dialogue for Two Players" in 1984, and "The Sounds of These Words", again for Channel 4 in 1989. The latter work was one of 19 productions for Channel 4 produced by his production company Fields and Frames Productions, under the series title TV Interventions which were designed to intervene in the broadcast schedule. Other commissioned artists included David Hall, Bruce McLean, David Cunningham, Ian Breakwell

In 1976 he co founded London Video Arts in collaboration with David Critchley, Stuart Marshall, David Hall, Tamara Krikorian and others. This acted as a promotional agency, an artist-led workshop and a distribution service. Hall and Partridge left the steering group of LVA in 1979 after a disagreement on future policy over non-selectivity distribution and promotion of artists' works.

He was an academic researcher at Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design (DJCAD), University of Dundee and its Dean of Research until 2019, and his major research projects include REWIND| Artists’ Video in the 70s & 80s and REWIND Italia: Italian Video art in the 1970s & 1980s. In 1984 he established The Television Workshop at DJCAD to support artists and filmmakers' production and access to high-level broadcast technology including the Quantel Paintbox. Over 400 productions were supported in this way from 1984- 1992 until desktop video pre-empted the need. Artists and filmmakers using The Television Workshop included Jeff Keen, Robert Cahen, Tamara Krikorian, Pictorial Heroes, Judith Goddard, and many others. In 2020 he was made a Professor Emeritus at the University of Plymouth, as part of the Transtechnology Research team.

Art works include a collaboration with Elaine Shemilt, "Quattro Minuti di Mezzogiorno", a HiDefinition Video installation. Exhibited in Fuoriluogo 15 - Una Regressione Motivata, Limiti Inchiusi Arte Contemporanea, Campobasso, Molise, Italy. December 2010, January 2011. The exhibition included work by Fausto Colavecchia (IT), Douglas Gordon (GB), and was curated by Deirdre MacKenna, Director of Stills - Scotland's centre for photography in Edinburgh. In 2012 he was awarded a Royal Society of Edinburgh Caledonian European Research Fellowship to study and research in Italy.

In November 2014, TATE London, bought his seminal work *Monitor* (1974) as an installation. It was selected for their 2014-17 re-hang at TATE Britain, *BP Walk through British Art*. The TATE exhibition label stated:

*Monitor is one of the early defining works of video art in Britain, revealing the structural possibilities the medium offered to artists. For Partridge it is a pure exploration of its working process. A 1973 Sony monitor is recorded close up by a camera, the hardware becoming the subject of the video. The camera, linked to the monitor it is filming, creates in the monitor an infinite succession of repeated images of itself. The artist’s hands are seen to turn the monitor to the right through 90 degrees, challenging the physical restrictions of the monitor by becoming physically involved with repositioning it.*

* Official web site
* REWIND Research Online Database
* REWIND Facebook Page
* Interview with Stephen Partridge
* REWIND + PLAY - DVD Anthology of Early British Video Art

## Writings by Stephen Partridge

* *A Kick in the Eye*, Book chapter in *Expanded Cinema*, (David Curtis, A. L. Rees, Duncan White, and Steven Ball, eds), Tate Publishing, 2011
* *Video: Incorporeal, Incorporated*, Book chapter in *Experimental Film and Video*, Jackie Hatfield, Editor. (John Libbey Publishing, 2006; distributed in North America by Indiana University Press)
* *A Small Survey of Early Works*. Book chapter in *Retrospektiv-Film-org videokunst| Norge 1960-90*. Edited by Farhad Kalantary & Linn Lervik. Atopia Stiftelse, Oslo, (April 2011).
* *REWIND: British Artists' Video in the 1970s & 1980s*, (Sean Cubitt, and Stephen Partridge, eds), John Libbey Publishing, 2012.
* *REWIND | Italia, Early Video Art in Italy: I primi anni della videoarte in Italia*. Leuzzi, L. (ed.) & Partridge, S. (ed.) 2016 New Barnet: John Libbey Publishing. 352 p.
* *EWVA European Women’s Video Art in the 70s and 80s*, Leuzzi, L., Shemilt, E., Partridge, S. (eds.) 2019, John Libbey Publishing New Barnet. 262 p. http://www.iupress.indiana.edu/product\_info.php?cPath=1037\_5888&products\_id=809486
* Shemilt, E, (ed) Partridge, S. (ed.), Leuzzi, L. (ed.), *Richard Demarco |The Italian Connection*, John Libbey Publishing. December 2022.

## InfoBox

| Stephen Partridge (aka Steve Partridge) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1953-03-19) March 19, 1953
Leicester, England |
| Education | Maidstone College of Art,
Royal College of Art, London |
| Known for | Video art, Photography |
| Notable work | *Monitor* (1974)
*Quattro Minuti di Mezzogiorno* (2010) |
| Movement | Video Art |
| Awards | Adobe Digital Award, 1998 |


title: Majigram

abstract: Majigram is a village in Mongalkote CD block in Katwa subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal, India.

text:
# Majigram

**Majigram** is a village in Mongalkote CD block in Katwa subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal, India.

## Geography

It is located 49 km north of the district headquarters Bardhaman. It is 141 km from the state capital, Kolkata. This place near the border of the Bardhaman District and Birbhum District.

The region has an average elevation of 30 metres (100 ft). The nearby river is Ajay River.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, Majigram had a total population of 4,622 of whom 2,360 (51%) were males and 2,262 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 534. The total number of literates in Majigram was 2,700 (66.05% of the population over 6 years).

### Work profile

In Majigram village, out of total population, 1658 were engaged in work activities. 92.04% of workers described their work as main work (employment or earning more than six for months), while 7.96% were involved in marginal activity providing livelihood for less than six months. Of 1658 workers engaged in main work, 307 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 951 were agricultural labourers.

## Facilities

### Transport

* Roads: Majigram is well connected with roads. The village contacted with Katwa-Natunhat Road.
* Railway: Bankapasi Railway Station (11 km) and Kaichar Railway Station (8 km) are the nearby railway stations to Majigram. However, Burdwan Railway Station is a major railway station which is 45 km from Majigram.
* Air: There is a permanent helipad in Majigram.

### Hospital

Singot Rural Hospital (with 50 beds) at Singot is located nearby. There is also a rural health center in this village.

### Banking

There is a UCO Bank Branch in Majigram. A UCO Bank ATM is also in Majigram. Reacently Burdwan Co-opprative Bank Lt. has opened a new branch with 24x7 ATM facility in this village.

### Post office

* Majigram has a post office. Recently it was upgraded to "Sub-Post Office."

## Education

Majigram Bisweswari High School (10+2 with science, arts and vocational streams) is an upper primary with a secondary and higher secondary school in Majigram village of Mongalkot. It was established in 1950. The school's management is the Department of Education. It is a Bengali medium, co-educational school.

Majigram Bisweswari High School runs in four government school buildings, and has a total of 44 classrooms. The lowest class in the school is 5 and the highest is 12. This school has 17 male teachers and 10 female teachers. There is a library facility available in this school, with about 4700 books.

This school has a big playground and cycle stand. There are enough toilets for girls and boys in the school. The school provides a residential facility. The school also provides a meal facility, and meals are prepared in the school. A good laboratory is there for science practicals. Freshwater facility also provided in the school.

Majigram Bisweswari High School also offers vocational courses including automobiles, electric, amin survey and computers.

Other schools include:

* Majigram Free Primary School
* Majigram Das Para Free Primary School

## Temples

Majigram has a multi-cultural heritage. The *deuls* found here are reminiscent of Bengali Hindu architecture. The old temples bear signs of Hinduism, mostly belonging to the Sakta and Vaishnava followers. There are many temples in Majigram.

Major temples:

* Sakombori (শাকম্ভরী দেবী) Temple
* Dauleshawr (দেউলেশ্বর শিব মন্দির) Lord Shiva Temple
* Dauleshawr (দেউলেশ্বর) Kali Mandir
* Radhamadhav (রাধামাধব) Temple
* Roypara Durga Temple
* Roypara Gopal Jeu Temple
* Gajon Temple
* Boro Voirovnath (ভৈরভনাথ) Temple
* Sardarpara Kali Mandir
* Parambabu's Kali Mandir
* Jogordharti (জগদ্ধাত্রী) Temple
* M.S.A. Kali Mandir
* Kakinder Shiva Mandir

There are many other temples in the village as well. More than 50 Lord Shiva temples are situated in Majigram.

## InfoBox

| Majigram | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| MajigramLocation of Majigram in West Bengal, IndiaMajigramMajigram (India) | |
| Coordinates: 23°35′N 87°58′E / 23.59°N 87.97°E / 23.59; 87.97 | |
| Country | India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | Purba Bardhaman |
| Government | |
| Type | Gram Panchayat |
| Prodhan | Anup Kumar Mandal |
| Area | |
| Total | 12.76 km2 (4.93 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 30 m (100 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 4,622 |
| Density | 362/km2 (940/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Bengali, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 713132 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-WB |
| Vehicle registration | WB42 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | 41. Bolpur (SC) |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Mongalkot |
| Village code | 319124 |
| Nearest city | Katwa, Bardhaman |


title: Fort Stevens (Washington, D.C.)

abstract: Fort Stevens, formerly named Fort Massachusetts, was part of the extensive fortifications built around Washington, D.C., during the American Civil War.

text:
# Fort Stevens (Washington, D.C.)

**Fort Stevens**, formerly named **Fort Massachusetts**, was part of the extensive fortifications built around Washington, D.C., during the American Civil War.

## Location

The fort was constructed in 1861 as "Fort Massachusetts" and later enlarged by the Union Army and renamed "Fort Stevens" after Brig. Gen. Isaac Ingalls Stevens, who was killed at the Battle of Chantilly, Virginia, on September 1, 1862. In 1861, it had a perimeter of 168 yards and places for 10 cannon. In 1862, it was expanded to 375 yards and 19 guns.

It guarded the northern approach to Washington City, the Seventh Street Turnpike. By 1864 Fort Stevens was one part of a 37-mile-long (60 km) arrangement of fortifications, consisting of 68 forts intended to defend the capital.

## Construction

The fort was constructed as a part of a defensive ring around Washington City. Following the Union Army's defeat at Bull Run, Congress voted to augment the city's defenses, which consisted of a single fort, Fort Washington, 12 miles (19 km) to the south on the Potomac River. Eventually, "68 forts, 93 batteries, 20 miles of rifle pits, and 32 miles of military roads surrounded the capital and Washington became the most heavily fortified city in the world", according to the National Park Service.

In September 1861, Union troops took possession of a property owned by a free black family, Elizabeth Proctor Thomas and her siblings, at the Seventh Street Turnpike, seeing it as "an ideal and necessary location for a fort." The soldiers ultimately destroyed her home, barn, orchard, and garden to build what was then named Fort Massachusetts.

Elizabeth Thomas would later often repeat the story that she was, with a baby in her arms weeping, watching Union soldiers destroy her house when "a tall, slender man dressed in black approached her and said, 'It is hard, but you shall reap a great reward.'" Many listening to her story held that the man was President Abraham Lincoln.

Thomas would have to fight for compensation for damage and loss of her property and was eventually awarded $1,835 in 1916, a year before her death.

## Civil War

After being delayed by the Battle of Monocacy, Maj. Gen. Jubal Early's Confederate forces advanced on Washington, D.C. The cavalry attacked Fort Stevens in the Battle of Fort Stevens on July 11 and July 12, 1864. They were delayed stealing horses in Damascus, Maryland, and staying overnight near Rockville. In response, Major General George Thomas ordered the District of Columbia Militia into the service of the Union army.

On July 11, Confederate sharpshooters successfully shot two of the fort's soldiers, but Union soldiers pushed the Confederate soldiers back to a point 300 yards (270 m) from the fort. The Confederate Army used the house of a nearby resident, Francis Preston Blair, as a headquarters and a makeshift hospital for their wounded. The livestock of several nearby farmers was captured by the Confederate Army. By the evening of July 11, pedestrians lined nearby Seventh Street to watch the fighting. Secretary of State William Seward watched from a carriage.

The Union Army destroyed five nearby houses in order to prevent them being occupied by Confederate sharpshooters; the Union Army allowed the homeowners to remove their furniture before destroying the houses. Despite this, Confederate sharpshooters occupied another home, of Mr. Lay, just west of the fort, and fired shots at Union soldiers from there. Union soldiers responded by firing at the cupola of the house, which caused the Confederate sharpshooters to retreat from it. The house was later burned to the ground. Confederate sharpshooters also fired from Morrison's orchard nearby.

Overnight July 12, the Confederate soldiers retreated from the fort. Confederate soldiers were seen crossing the Potomac River from Poolesville, Maryland, to Virginia. They left behind 101 wounded soldiers, including 11 officers. The total number of Confederate casualties was unknown; the number of Union soldiers killed, wounded, and missing was approximately 50.

According to many accounts, President Abraham Lincoln rode out to the fort on both days to observe the attack, and was briefly under enemy fire by sharpshooters. On July 12, he was brusquely ordered to take cover, mostly likely by Union Maj. Gen. Horatio Wright. A story has grown up, probably apocryphal, that future Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., then an aide-de-camp to Wright, yelled at Lincoln, "Get down, you fool!" Another story attributes this quote to nearby resident Elizabeth Thomas. This is believed to have been only the second time in American history that a sitting president came under enemy fire during a war (the first being President James Madison during the War of 1812). An article published by *The Evening Star* on July 13 noted, however, that "President Lincoln and Mrs. Lincoln passed along the line of the city defences in a carriage last night, and were warmly greeted by the soldiers wherever they made their appearance amongst them." The article makes no mention of Lincoln coming under fire.

## Present day

The site was abandoned after the war. By 1900, Lewis Cass White, who had fought with the 102nd Pennsylvania Infantry in the Battle of Fort Stevens, led the formation of the Fort Stevens Lincoln Memorial Association. The association raised funds for a stone memorial on the site, which was dedicated on November 7, 1911. In the late 1930s the Civilian Conservation Corps restored a portion of the parapet and one magazine.

The site, near Georgia Avenue at 13th Street and Quackenbos Street NW, is now maintained by the National Park Service Civil War Defenses of Washington. The remains of 41 Union soldiers who died in the Battle of Fort Stevens are buried on the grounds of nearby Battleground National Cemetery.

Further up Georgia Ave, a monument to seventeen unknown Confederate Soldiers was erected in Grace Episcopal Church Cemetery, in Silver Spring, MD. The seventeen soldiers, who died at Fort Stevens, are buried in that cemetery.

## InfoBox

| Fort Stevens | |
| --- | --- |
| Washington, D.C. | |
| A Civil War-era cannon at Fort Stevens in July 2006 | |
| Fort Stevens | |
| Coordinates | 38°57′51″N 77°01′44″W / 38.96417°N 77.02889°W / 38.96417; -77.02889 |
| Site information | |
| Owner | National Park Service |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1861 (1861) |
| Materials | Earthwork |


title: Eosentomon pallidum

abstract: Eosentomon pallidum is a species of proturan in the family Eosentomidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Eosentomon pallidum

***Eosentomon pallidum*** is a species of proturan in the family Eosentomidae. It is found in North America.

## InfoBox

| *Eosentomon pallidum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Order: | Protura |
| Family: | Eosentomidae |
| Genus: | *Eosentomon* |
| Species: | ***E. pallidum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eosentomon pallidum***<br>Ewing, 1921 | |
|


title: Hägglund & Söner

abstract: Hägglund & Söner, commonly known as Hägglunds, was a diversified engineering company based in the town of Örnsköldsvik, in Västernorrland, Sweden. Originally a furniture manufacturing company, it diversified into the construction of buses, railway rolling stock, airplanes, hydraulic motors, military vehicles, cranes and mining machinery.

text:
# Hägglund & Söner

**Hägglund & Söner** (*Hägglund & Sons*), commonly known as **Hägglunds**, was a diversified engineering company based in the town of Örnsköldsvik, in Västernorrland, Sweden. Originally a furniture manufacturing company, it diversified into the construction of buses, railway rolling stock, airplanes, hydraulic motors, military vehicles, cranes and mining machinery.

## History

The company was founded by the furniture maker Johan Hägglund in 1898.

In 1972, the Hägglund family sold the company to ASEA, another former Swedish engineering company. The Hägglund & Söner company was wound up in 1993, but many of the company's businesses still survive, in varied ownership:

* The hydraulic motor business was sold to Atle AB, was owned for several years by Ratos and was bought by Bosch in 2011, operating as part of the Bosch Rexroth subsidiary and retaining the original name in its Hägglunds product range.

BAE Systems Hägglunds, Bosch Rexroth and Cargotec all maintain manufacturing facilities in Örnsköldsvik. BAE Systems Hägglunds and Bosch Rexroth jointly sponsor the Hägglunds Arena, a sporting arena in the town.

## Products

The Hägglund & Söner company designed and built a wide range of products, including:

* the Bü 181, a two-seat airplane built under license between 1943 and 1945
* the BV-206, an all-terrain vehicle introduced in 1976 and used by military forces and civilian organisation around the world.
* the CV90, a family of armoured combat vehicles designed during the mid-1980s to early 1990s and used by a number of countries.
* the Hägglunds Drive System, a range of hydraulic motors.
* the Ikv 91, a high mobility assault gun built for the Swedish Army between 1969 and 1978.
* the M25 or SM91, a class of tram used in both Gothenburg and Oslo between 1958 and 2002.
* the M29, a class of tram used in Gothenburg since 1969.
* the Pbv 302, an armoured infantry fighting vehicle used by the Swedish Army from 1966 to 2014.
* the SM53, a class of tram used in Oslo between 1952 and 1997.
* the X10p, a class of electric train used on the narrow-gauge Roslagsbanan commuter railway in Stockholm since 1988.
* the Y6, a class of diesel railcar introduced in 1953, and used in Sweden, Norway and Denmark.

Other products were created using the Hägglunds name by successor organisations, but are not listed here.

## InfoBox

Hägglund & Söner
|
|  |
| Industry | Engineering |
| Founded | 1898 (1898) |
| Defunct | 1993 (1993) |
| Successor | Various (see article) |
| Headquarters | Örnsköldsvik, Sweden |


title: Hôtel Beauharnais

abstract: The Hôtel Beauharnais is a historic hôtel particulier, a type of large French townhouse, in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. It was designed by architect Germain Boffrand. Its construction was completed in 1714. By 1803, the structure was purchased by Eugène de Beauharnais, who had it rebuilt in an Empire style. It has been listed as an official historical monument since July 25, 1951. Today it serves as the official residence of the German Ambassador to France.

text:
# Hôtel Beauharnais

The **Hôtel Beauharnais** (French: \[otɛl boaʁnɛ\]) is a historic hôtel particulier, a type of large French townhouse, in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. It was designed by architect Germain Boffrand. Its construction was completed in 1714. By 1803, the structure was purchased by Eugène de Beauharnais, who had it rebuilt in an Empire style. It has been listed as an official historical monument since July 25, 1951. Today it serves as the official residence of the German Ambassador to France.

## Location

The premises are situated on the left bank of the Seine river, between the Palais Bourbon, the seat of the French National Assembly, in the west and the Musée d'Orsay in the east. The cour d'honneur is located on *rue de Lille* in the south, to the north, an English garden offers scenic views to the Seine and beyond up to the Tuileries Garden. The vast property is not accessible to the public.

## History

The building was erected at the behest of Foreign Minister Colbert de Torcy (1665–1746), shortly before his dismissal by Regent Philippe of Orléans. Then named *Hôtel de Torcy*, it served as Colbert's retirement home where he kept his extensive art collection and completed his memoirs.

After several changes of ownership and being plundered during the French Revolution, it passed to Eugène de Beauharnais, a stepson of Napoleon who became Viceroy of Italy and also aimed at the succession to the French throne. The building then received its present-day portico in an Egyptomanian style which was popular in the wake of the French campaign in Egypt. Opulently furnished with large-scale paintings by Hubert Robert, the spacious rooms fitted with Beauharnais' great demands. However, the Viceroy had little opportunity to reside at his Paris home. When Napoleon married the Habsburg archduchess Marie Louise in 1810, he used the Hôtel as a guest house for Beauharnais' father-in-law, King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria.

After the French defeat in the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the premises were first rented and finally purchased by Prussia under King Frederick William III in 1818 and became the seat of the Prussian legation. In 1862 Otto von Bismarck resided here, before his appointment as Minister president by King William I in September.

Following the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, it served as the embassy of the German Empire to the French Republic. Prince Chlodwig of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, ambassador from 1873, hosted extravagant ceremonies to improve Franco–German relations. The impressive architecture and premises inspired Karl Friedrich Schinkel and Leo von Klenze, as well as the painter Max Beckmann. In 1894 the theft of a letter addressed to the German military attaché Max von Schwartzkoppen at the embassy triggered the Dreyfus affair. The shooting of the German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by 17-year-old Herschel Grynszpan in 1938 provided the Nazi authorities with the pretext for the antisemitic *Kristallnacht* pogrom.

During World War II, the building served as the Paris residence of Otto Abetz, German ambassador to Vichy France, until it was confiscated in 1944. Held by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, it was restored to West Germany in 1961 during the negotiations on the Élysée Treaty. As a new embassy then already was under construction on *Avenue Franklin Delano Roosevelt*, the building solely served for representative purposes. Extensively renovated and re-opened as the ambassador's residence in 1968, the building's history has been documented by the German Forum for Art History Paris.

48°51′39″N 2°19′20″E / 48.8607°N 2.3223°E / 48.8607; 2.3223


title: Nyambéni

abstract: Nyambéni is a village on the island of Grande Comore in the Comoros. According to the 1991 census the village had a population of 1058.

text:
# Nyambéni

**Nyambéni** is a village on the island of Grande Comore in the Comoros. According to the 1991 census the village had a population of 1058.

## InfoBox

| Nyambéni | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Country | Comoros |
| Island | Grande Comore |
| Population (1991) | |
| Total | 1,058 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |


title: Hālau hula

abstract: A hālau hula is a school or hall in which the Hawaiian dance form called hula is taught. The term comes from hālau, literally, "long house, as for canoes or hula instruction"; "meeting house", and hula, a Polynesian dance form of the Hawaiian Islands. Today, a hālau hula is commonly known as a school or formal institution for hula where the primary responsibility of the people within the hālau is to perpetuate the cultural practice of hula.

text:
# Hālau hula

A **hālau hula** (Hawaiian pronunciation: \[haːˈlɐw ˈhulə\]) is a school or hall in which the Hawaiian dance form called hula is taught. The term comes from *hālau,* literally, "long house, as for canoes or hula instruction"; "meeting house", and *hula,* a Polynesian dance form of the Hawaiian Islands. Today, a *hālau hula* is commonly known as a school or formal institution for hula where the primary responsibility of the people within the *hālau* is to perpetuate the cultural practice of hula.

## Description

There is great variation between hālau. Some focus primarily on ancient styles of hula, others on modern styles, and some study both. Some hālau continue to preserve very strict *kapu*, sacred protocols, while others are *noa*, or free of kapu. The styles of hula taught in different hālau also can vary greatly. Styles are passed down from kumu to *haumāna*, and knowledgeable students of hula can tell which hula lineage is represented by watching the dancer's presentation.

### Physical space

Traditionally, a hālau was constructed as a sacred space and dedicated to the god Laka. Although Hawaiians had many gods, within a hālau Laka was important as evidenced by the *kuahu,* or altar, which stood in the hālau space and required constant care. The kuahu was adorned with greenery in honor of the Gods, song-offerings and *pule*, or prayers*,* were also offered to this sacred dwelling space within the hālau.

The location of hālau today vary widely, from the kumu's home to community centers, to the lawns of parks. Hālau hula can be found wherever there is space and a company or troupe of hula students.

### Internal structure

The internal structure of a hālau hula can vary quite a bit, generally these are led by a *kumu hula*, or master teacher, whose position is roughly equivalent to that of a headmaster. The kumu is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the style and traditions handed down to them by their kumu, during their hula training. Their *kuleana*, or responsibility, is therefore to uphold the training and discipline of their haumāna through a perpetuation of their hālau traditions. The kumu is also responsible for the spiritual integrity of the hālau, and is responsible for instructing students in the proper care and protocol of the hālau, which includes their physical well-being by teaching good exercise, dietary, and hygienic practices.

Within a hālau there are typically two classes of performers. The *ʻōlapa,* or dancers, who, like the ʻōlapa tree (or cheirodendron trigynum) dance with agility and bend gracefully alikened to the motion of the leaves of the ʻōlapa. Along with the *hoʻopaʻa*, or steadfast class of performers. The hoʻopaʻa are responsible for instrumentation and typically chant and dance with their instruments while sitting or kneeling, accompanying the ʻōlapa dancers. Typically, this role was for students with more experience and maturity.

The *poʻopuaʻa*, or head student, is often the kumu's protégé, and under the direction of the kumu oversees the protocol and rituals of the hālau.

The *alakaʻi* or "guides" act as teaching assistants, with the more advanced effectively being student teachers. Alakaʻi often will assist less experienced *haumāna* with their lessons, and coach them with the more difficult steps and moves.

*Kōkua* or helpers assist in a variety of areas, from lei making, to helping other haumāna dress, making phone calls, fund raising, and helping alakaʻi coach less experienced students.

*Haumāna*, the students, range in age from toddlers to senior citizens.

## History

Prior to European contact, the Hawaiian language had no word for "school", as the concept of a specialized place of instruction did not exist in Hawai\`i prior to the arrival of Christian missionaries. Education came from parents, aunts, uncles, and elders, while children who showed promise in a specialized art or craft would be apprenticed to a master and work in the latter's *hālau.*

In ancient times, students joining a hālau hula would be dedicated solely to the study of hula for the duration of their training. Their families would provide maintenance for the support of the hālau. Hālau hula training was strict, with haumāna put on *kapu* or rules and codes of conduct which banned the cutting of hair and the practicing of any kind of sexual activity.

Today, students have set hours for study at the hālau, and often pay monthly dues to help the kumu with support and maintenance. Present-day hālau hula each have their own set of rules for their haumāna, with many still enforcing the traditional rule of not cutting one's hair. Each year, the distinctive styles of each hālau can be seen at the Merrie Monarch Festival held in Hilo. Hālau are judged on individual (Ms. Aloha Hula) and group performances in categories for kāne (men) and wāhine (women). Winners are recognized for their performances of kahiko (traditional), ʻauana (contemporary) and an Overall Festival Winner is recognized.

## Curriculum

Four basic steps are commonly used in all hālau hula, and each of the steps has many variants. All of the basic steps in hula require the shoulders to remain steady and both knees to be in a bent position at all times.

* **Kaholo** or travel step – usually consists of four beats. This step is probably one of the most common, especially for beginning students of hula, when a *mele* or song is danced. The kaholo is often the dance step used during the "vamp," musical measures between the verses of songs.
* **Hela** – a step occupying a one beat count and requires one to point out one foot at a time in front of one's body. The foot slides forward just above, and parallel to, the ground in a graceful point.
* **ʻUwehe** – this is done by lifting and setting back one foot then elevating both heels and pushing the knees forward rapidly. Depending on the style of *ʻuehe*, the knees may move straight forward or at angles of up to 45 degrees from the center line. The lifted foot alternates.
* **Ami** – requires the dancer to rotate his or her hips in an elliptical motion while keeping both feet firmly planted on the ground.

## List of hālau hula

Source:

### In Hawaiʻi

### In the Continental United States

* Los Angeles, CA)
* Hālau Hula Moaniʻaʻala Anuhea, *Kumu Hula* Christina Nani Aiu-Quezada (Monterey Park, CA)
* Hālau Nā Meakanu o Laka o Hawaiʻi, *Kumu Hula* Rolanda Mohala Valentin Reese (Los Angeles, CA)
* Hālau Nā Mamo ʻo Panaʻewa, *Kumu Hula* Keoki Wang (Los Angeles, CA)
* Hālau Hula Nā Pua o ka Laʻakea, *Kumu Hula* Shawna Alapaʻi (San Rafael, CA)
* Hālau Hula o Malulani, *Kumu Hula* Kapena Malulani Perez (San Diego, CA)
* Hālau Hula ʻo Hoaloha, "Kumu Hula" Maile Frauchiger (Los Angeles, CA)
* Makani Kai Polynesian Dance Troupe (San Diego, CA)
* Hula Hālau Ho'okamaha'o, Kumu Hula Kaipo Kalua (San Antonio, TX)
* Hula Hālau ʻo Lilinoʻe, *Kumu Hula* Sissy Kaio (Carson, CA)
* Kealiʻi ʻO Nalani, *Kumu Hula* Kealiʻi Ceballos (Los Angeles)
* Na Lei Hulu I Ka Wekiu, *Kumu Hula* Patrick Makuakane (San Francisco, CA)
* Halau Nohona Hawaiʻi, *Kumu Hula* Kaimana Chee (Silver Spring, MD)
* Hula Halau 'O Pi'ilani, Kumuhula Toni Kanani Densing, (Sunnyvale, CA) www.piilani.com
* Hawaii (hālau nā lei hiwahiwa o kuʻualoha (Sammy-Ann kuʻualoha young)
* San Diego Hula Academy (San Diego, CA | Kumu Hula Kristin Kawena Garuba)

### In Europe


title: Nyctosia poicilonotus

abstract: Nyctosia poicilonotus is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1912. It is found in Mexico.

text:
# Nyctosia poicilonotus

***Nyctosia poicilonotus*** is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1912. It is found in Mexico.

## InfoBox

| *Nyctosia poicilonotus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Nyctosia* |
| Species: | ***N. poicilonotus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Nyctosia poicilonotus***<br>Dyar, 1912 | |
|


title: OTEGLOBE

abstract: OTEGLOBE was an Athens-based network backbone operator offering telecommunication services to carriers, ISPs and business customers in Southern Europe. The organisation was a whole-owned subsidiary of OTE, the main Greek telecommunications provider. On 2 January 2023, it was absorbed by OTE, who continues using the OTEGLOBE brand.

text:
# OTEGLOBE

**OTEGLOBE** was an Athens-based network backbone operator offering telecommunication services to carriers, ISPs and business customers in Southern Europe. The organisation was a whole-owned subsidiary of OTE, the main Greek telecommunications provider. On 2 January 2023, it was absorbed by OTE, who continues using the OTEGLOBE brand.

## Network

OTEGLOBE operates 2 wide area networks that form the south-eastern European Internet backbone: GWEN (Greek Western European Network) and TBN (Trans Balkan Network) as well as an IP MPLS network.

**GWEN** is a private multi-gigabit network based on DWDM/SDH connecting Greece to major European backbone services via Italy. It is composed of 4 rings (Greek inner ring, undersea ring, Italian ring and West-European ring).

**TBN** forms a land-based backbone network linking Greece to the west-European backbones via Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Austria and the Czech Republic to the main backbone centres in Germany and the United Kingdom. The TBN is used standalone or as a backup service to GWEN.

**IP MPLS Network.**  Based on Multi-Services Platform (MSP), a private, international IP MPLS network, as well as on numerous peering/interconnect agreements with other global carriers, OTEGLOBE offers a variety of transport and connectivity services available internationally at 14 business centers.

OTEGLOBE is a member and landing party of the Asia Africa Europe-1 (AAE-1) submarine cable.

## Services

OTEGLOBE offers a number of wholesale telecommunication services to high-capacity carriers and multi-site organisations:

* Capacity services (via the GWEN and TBN wide area networks)
* Data/IP services
* Voice services

## InfoBox

OTE International Solutions Single Member S.A.
|
|  |
| Trade name | OTEGLOBE |
| Native name | ΟΤΕ Διεθνείς Λύσεις Μονοπρόσωπη Ανώνυμος Εταιρεία |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| Industry | Telecommunications |
| Founded | August 11, 2000 (2000-08-11) |
| Defunct | January 2, 2023 (2023-01-02) |
| Fate | Merged with OTE |
| Successor | OTE |
| Headquarters | Marousi, Greece |
| Area served | South Eastern Europe |
| Key people |  |
| Parent | OTE |
| Website | oteglobe.gr |


title: Hōrai, Aichi

abstract: Hōrai was a town located in Minamishitara District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of May 1, 2004, the town had an estimated population of 13,565 and a density of 51.45 persons per km⁲. Its total area was 263.66 km⁲.

text:
# Hōrai, Aichi

**Hōrai** (鳳来町, *Hōrai-chō*) was a town located in Minamishitara District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.

As of May 1, 2004, the town had an estimated population of 13,565 and a density of 51.45 persons per km2. Its total area was 263.66 km2.

## Geography

Hōrai was located in east-central of Aichi Prefecture. Some 90 percent of the village area was covered in mountains and forest, and most was within the borders of the Aichi Kōgen Quasi-National Park

## History

Hōraiji village was created in the early Meiji period cadastral reform on 1878, but has existed since at least the Muromachi period as a monzen machi to the mountain cult temple of Hōrai-ji.

On April 1, 1956, Hōraiji and Nagashino villages merged with Nanago village and Ono Town from Yana District to form the town of Hōrai. They were joined by Ebi Town from Minamishitara District and Yamayoshida Village from Yana District on September 30 of the same year.

On October 1, 2005, Hōrai, along with the village of Tsukude (also from Minamishitara District), was merged into the expanded city of Shinshiro and has ceased to exist as an independent municipality.

## Recreation

**Mount Horai**, Aichi is a climbing area located just north of Shinshiro. It is an area with both bouldering and hard sport climbing, up to 5.14d, on steep volcanic rock.

*Byaku-dou* (V15) and *Epitaph* (V15) are well known boulder problems opened by Dai Koyamada.

Climbers are not allowed to leave quick-draws hanging from the routes overnight. According to the priests in charge of the many shrines on Mount Horai, this would greatly upset the numerous spirits that visit the forest.

## InfoBox

| Hōrai 鳳来町 | |
| --- | --- |
| Former municipality | |
| Former Hōrai Town Office | |
|  | |
| Location of Hōrai in Aichi Prefecture | |
| HōraiLocation in Japan | |
| Coordinates: 34°55′59.06″N 137°34′31.2″E / 34.9330722°N 137.575333°E / 34.9330722; 137.575333 | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Chūbu (Tōkai) |
| Prefecture | Aichi Prefecture |
| District | Minamishitara |
| Merged | October 1, 2005
(now part of Shinshiro) |
| Area | |
| Total | 263.66 km2 (101.80 sq mi) |
| Population (September 1, 2005) | |
| Total | 13,565 |
| Density | 51.45/km2 (133.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
|  | |
| Symbols | |
|  | |
| Bird | Eurasian scops-owl |
| Flower | Rhododendron |
| Tree | *Cryptomeria* |
|  | |


abstract:
In enzymology, an O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
  - O-acetyl-L-homoserine + methanethiol ⇌ L-methionine + acetate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are O-acetyl-L-homoserine and methanethiol, whereas its two products are L-methyionine and acetate. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring aryl or alkyl groups other than methyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is O-acetyl-L-homoserine:methanethiol 3-amino-3-carboxypropyltransferase. Other names in common use include O-acetyl-L-homoserine acetate-lyase, O-acetyl-L-homoserine sulfhydrolase, O-acetylhomoserine (thiol)-lyase, O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrolase, and methionine synthase. This enzyme participates in methionine metabolism and cysteine metabolism.

text:
# O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase

In enzymology, an ***O*-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase** (EC 2.5.1.49) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

*O*-acetyl-L-homoserine + methanethiol $\rightleftharpoons $ L-methionine + acetate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are *O*-acetyl-L-homoserine and methanethiol, whereas its two products are L-methyionine and acetate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring aryl or alkyl groups other than methyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ***O*-acetyl-L-homoserine:methanethiol 3-amino-3-carboxypropyltransferase**. Other names in common use include ***O*-acetyl-L-homoserine acetate-lyase (adding methanethiol)**, **O-acetyl-L-homoserine sulfhydrolase**, ***O*-acetylhomoserine (thiol)-lyase**, ***O*-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrolase**, and **methionine synthase**. This enzyme participates in methionine metabolism and cysteine metabolism.

* Kerr D (1971). O*-Acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (Neurospora)*. Methods Enzymol. Vol. 17B. pp. 446–450. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(71)17079-6.
* Smith IK, Thompson JF (1969). "Utilization of S-methylcysteine and methylmercaptan by methionineless mutants of Neurospora and the pathway of their conversion to methionine. II. Enzyme studies". *Biochim. Biophys. Acta*. **184** (1): 130–8. doi:10.1016/0304-4165(69)90107-x. PMID 5791104.
* Yamagata S, Takeshima K (October 1976). "*O*-Acetylserine and *O*-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase of yeast Further purification and characterization as a pyridoxal enzyme". *J. Biochem*. **80** (4). Tokyo: 777–85. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131338. PMID 795806.
* Yamagata S (October 1976). "*O*-Acetylserine and *O*-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase of yeast. Subunit structure". *J. Biochem*. **80** (4). Tokyo: 787–97. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131339. PMID 795807.
* Yamagata S, Takeshima K, Naiki N (June 1974). "Evidence for the identity of *O*-acetylserine sulfhydrylase with *O*-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase in yeast". *J. Biochem*. **75** (6). Tokyo: 1221–9. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a130505. PMID 4609980.
* Yamagata S (1989). "Roles of *O*-acetyl-L-homoserine sulfhydrylases in micro-organisms". *Biochimie*. **71** (11–12): 1125–43. doi:10.1016/0300-9084(89)90016-3. PMID 2517474.
* Kuramitsu S, Iwama T (2001). "Cloning and overexpression of the oah1 gene encoding *O*-acetyl-L-homoserine sulfhydrylase of Thermus thermophilus HB8 and characterization of the gene product". *Biochim. Biophys. Acta*. **1549** (1): 61–72. doi:10.1016/S0167-4838(01)00245-X. PMID 11566369.

## InfoBox

| *O*-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| EC no. | 2.5.1.49 |
| CAS no. | 37290-90-7 |
| Databases | |
| IntEnz | IntEnz view |
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry |
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view |
| KEGG | KEGG entry |
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway |
| PRIAM | profile |
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO |
| Search  PMC articles  PubMed articles  NCBI proteins | |


title: O-Zone (novel)

abstract: O-zone is a science fiction novel by the American author Paul Theroux published in 1986.

text:
# O-Zone (novel)

***O-zone*** is a science fiction novel by the American author Paul Theroux published in 1986.

## Synopsis

Missouri is a nuclear wasteland after leakage of stored radioactive waste, off limits to all but the very rich. Eight of them, referred to as 'Owners', visit this *O-Zone* as their personal playground. Some of them come to the disturbing realizations that the life-forms outside of their walled in cities, assumed to be just 'things', seem as human as the Owners themselves.


title: I'm Alabama Bound

abstract: "I'm Alabama Bound" is a ragtime melody composed by Robert Hoffman in 1909. Hoffman dedicated it to an M. T. Scarlata. The cover of its first edition, published by Robert Ebberman, New Orleans, 1909, advertises the music as "Also Known As The Alabama Blues" which has led some to suspect it of being one of the first blues songs. However, as written, it is an up-tempo rag with no associated lyrics. The song has been recorded numerous times in different styles—both written and in sound recordings—with a number of different sets of lyrics. Two recording artists claimed composing credits for the tune under two different titles and both with differing lyrics: Trixie Smith for "Railroad Blues" and Ferdinand "Jelly Roll" Morton for "Don't You Leave Me Here". In addition, Lead Belly also recorded another well-known version of "I'm Alabama Bound", in 1940.

text:
# I'm Alabama Bound

"**I'm Alabama Bound**" is a ragtime melody composed by Robert Hoffman in 1909. Hoffman dedicated it to an M. T. Scarlata. The cover of its first edition, published by Robert Ebberman, New Orleans, 1909, advertises the music as "Also Known As The Alabama Blues" which has led some to suspect it of being one of the first blues songs. However, as written, it is an up-tempo rag (Rag Time Two Step) with no associated lyrics. The song has been recorded numerous times in different stylesboth written and in sound recordingswith a number of different sets of lyrics.

Two recording artists claimed composing credits for the tune under two different titles and both with differing lyrics: Trixie Smith for "Railroad Blues" (Paramount 12262, 1925) and Ferdinand "Jelly Roll" Morton for "Don't You Leave Me Here" (Bluebird 10450, 1939). In addition, Lead Belly also recorded another well-known version of "I'm Alabama Bound", in 1940.

## History

The earliest lyrics expressing the sentiment found in some of the later songs are found in a minstrel song, "I Hab Leff Alabama", written by Marshall S. Pike and published in 1849. The chorus did not have the same melody, and was written in dialect.

The first lyrics actually recorded to the music were by Prince's Band (Columbia A-901) in November, 1909. The music was attributed to Hoffman and words to John J. Puderer, owners of a New Orleans sheet music publishing company. Charles Adams Prince was a popular march band leader of the day, performing cake-walks and military marches. Puderer was the proprietor of *The Music Shop* in New Orleans, who published Hoffman's sheet music. The verses, in rag-time, were pretty much the same as those found in later versions. The actual source of the lyrics is unclear, but they may have come out of a folk tradition.

John W. "Blind" Boone included a short section of "I'm Alabama Bound" in his "Southern Rag Medley No. Two (Strains from Flat Branch)." The sheet music, published by Allen Music Co., Columbia, Missouri, (copyright 1913), was transcribed from Boone's piano roll which he recorded for the QRS company in 1912.

Alan Lomax attested to words found in his 1934 collection of "Alabama Bound" as being found in Newman I. White's *Negro Folk-Songs* (1915–1916). White's fragments were not set to music. Alan Lomax's "Alabama Bound", collected from prisoners in Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, contains verses including the words "Alabama bound".

Trixie Smith's 1925 "Railroad Blues" contains lyrics with "I'm Alabama bound".

The Tennessee Ramblers' 1928 recording "Preacher Got Drunk and Laid His Bible Down" contains the chorus with the words "Alabama bound". The Ramblers' banjo player, James "Mack" Sievers, claimed to have learned the song from an African-American blues musician in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Jelly Roll Morton's 1939 "Don't You Leave Me Here" has verses including "Alabama bound".

Lead Belly recorded perhaps the best-known version of "I'm Alabama Bound" ("Alabama Bound", Victor 27268, 1940). In the 1960s, the Charlatans recorded a version of "Alabama Bound" based on Lead Belly's in their San Francisco psychedelic style. Lonnie Donegan released a version of "I'm Alabamy Bound" on the 1956 Pye 10" LP *Showcase*, which reached no. 26 in the UK Singles Chart. The chorus, which featured a rare echoing vocal by guitarist Denny Wright, included the words "Alabamy bound".

Odetta released a version of "Alabama Bound" on the 1956 Tradition label *Odetta Sings Ballads and Blues*, featuring folk songs, spirituals and blues.

## Recorded versions

| Date | Artist | Title | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1909 | Prince's Band | "I'm Alabama Bound" (instr.) | Columbia A-0901 |
| 1924 | Paul Whiteman & His Orchestra | "Alabamy Bound" (instr.) | Victor 19557 |
| 1925 | Charlie Jackson | "I'm Alabama Bound" | Paramount 12289 |
| 1925 | Trixie Smith | "Railroad Blues" † | Paramount 12262 |
| 1927 | Charlie Johnson's Original Paradise Ten | "Don't You Leave Me Here" (instr.) | Victor 20653 |
| 1929 | Henry Thomas | "Don’t Leave Me Here" † | Vocalion 1443 |
| 1938 | Delmore Brothers | "I'm Alabama Bound" | Bluebird 8264 |
| 1939 | Jelly Roll Morton | "Don't You Leave Me Here" † | Bluebird 10450 |
| 1940 | Louis Jordan & His Tympani 5 | "I'm Alabama Bound" | Decca 7723 |
| 1940 | Lead Belly & The Golden Gate Quartet | "Alabama Bound" | Victor 27268 |
| † These songs only partially have "I'm Alabama bound" lyrics. | | | |

## Bibliography

* Boone, John W. "Blind Boone's Southern Rag Medley No. Two: Strains From The Flat Branch". Allen Music Co., 1913. (Sheet music)
* Cohen, Norm. *Long Steel Rail: The Railroad in American Folksong*. University of Illinois Press, 2000. ISBN 0-252-06881-5
* Hoffman, Robert. "I'm Alabama Bound". Robert Ebberman, 1909. (Charles H. Templeton, Sr. Sheet Music CollectionMississippi State University)
* Lomax, John A. and Alan Lomax. *American Ballads and Folk Songs*. Dover Publications (reprint), 1994 \[1934\]. ISBN 0-486-28276-7
* Pike, Marshall S. "I Hab Leff Alabama". *The Harmoneons: New and Original Melodies Sung by Them at Their Principal Concerts*, pp. 3–5. A & J.P. Ordway, 1849. (Library of Congress)
* Waltz, Robert B; David G. Engle. "Alabama Bound". *The Traditional Ballad Index: An Annotated Bibliography of the Folk Songs of the English-Speaking World*. Hosted by California State University, Fresno, Folklore Archived 2008-04-17 at the Wayback Machine, 2007.
* Wolfe, Charles K. Notes to *Rural String Bands of Tennessee* (p. 7) \[CD liner notes\]. County Records, 1997.

## InfoBox

| "I'm Alabama Bound" | |
| --- | --- |
| Song | |
| Published | 1909 |
| Genre | Ragtime |
| Composer(s) | Robert Hoffman |


title: Oberhaag

abstract: Oberhaag is a municipality in the district of Leibnitz in the Austrian state of Styria.

text:
# Oberhaag

**Oberhaag** (Slovene: *Osek*) is a municipality in the district of Leibnitz in the Austrian state of Styria.

## Geography

Oberhaag lies in the Saggau valley between Eibiswald and Arnfels. The municipality shares a 5 km border with Slovenia.

## InfoBox

| Oberhaag | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Church in Oberhaag | |
|  | |
| OberhaagLocation within Austria | |
| Coordinates: 46°41′10″N 15°19′52″E / 46.68611°N 15.33111°E / 46.68611; 15.33111 | |
| Country | Austria |
| State | Styria |
| District | Leibnitz |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Ernst Haring (ÖVP) |
| Area | |
| Total | 35.87 km2 (13.85 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 323 m (1,060 ft) |
| Population (2018-01-01) | |
| Total | 2,136 |
| Density | 60/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 8454, 8455 |
| Area code | 03455 |
| Vehicle registration | LB |
| Website | www.oberhaag.at |
| Elena Winkler = skini ledschend, Ami = hungri bits | |


title: IAPM (mode)

abstract: Integrity-aware parallelizable mode (IAPM) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. As its name implies, it allows for a parallel mode of operation for higher throughput.

text:
# IAPM (mode)

**Integrity-aware parallelizable mode** (**IAPM**) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. As its name implies, it allows for a parallel mode of operation for higher throughput.

## Encryption and authentication

At the time of its creation, IAPM was one of the first cipher modes to provide both authentication and privacy in a single pass. (In earlier authenticated encryption designs, two passes would be required to: one to encrypt, and the second to compute a MAC.)

IAPM was proposed for use in IPsec.

Other AEAD schemes also provide all of the single pass, privacy and authentication properties. IAPM has mostly been supplanted by Galois/counter mode.


title: IAPM Mall

abstract: IAPM Mall, or iAPM Mall, is a shopping mall located at 999 Huaihai Road in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China. This upscale mall houses big-name boutiques on the first two floors, including Prada, Gucci, Miu Miu and Dolce & Gabbana, Stella McCartney, Alexander McQueen, Alexander Wang, Chloé, Maje, Balmain and Michael Kors. Younger brands like Zadig & Voltaire, Marimekko, Fedon and Muji occupy the third floor and the fourth floor is for sports brands like Nike, Aigle, and Onitsuka Tiger. The mall is complete with restaurants, cafes and cinemas.

text:
# IAPM Mall

**IAPM Mall**, or **iAPM Mall**, (Chinese: 环贸iapm商场) is a shopping mall located at 999 Huaihai Road in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.

This upscale mall houses big-name boutiques on the first two floors, including Prada, Gucci, Miu Miu and Dolce & Gabbana, Stella McCartney, Alexander McQueen, Alexander Wang, Chloé, Maje, Balmain and Michael Kors.

Younger brands like Zadig & Voltaire, Marimekko, Fedon and Muji occupy the third floor and the fourth floor is for sports brands like Nike, Aigle, and Onitsuka Tiger.

The mall is complete with restaurants, cafes and cinemas.

## Transportation

The mall is connected by Shanghai Metro Line 1, 10, and 12 (South Shaanxi Road Station).

* Media related to IAPM Mall at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

IAPM Mall
| 环贸iapm商场 | |
| --- | --- |
| Exterior Facade in 2014 | |
|  | |
| Location | Shanghai |
| Coordinates | 31°13′03″N 121°27′13″E / 31.2174°N 121.4537°E / 31.2174; 121.4537 |
| Address | 999 Huaihai Road |
| No. of floors | 4 |
| Public transit access | Shanghai Metro Line 1, 10, and 12 |


title: I've Been Thinking

abstract: "I've Been Thinking" is a song written by Boudleaux Bryant, performed by Eddy Arnold, and released on the RCA Victor label. In January 1955, it peaked at No. 2 on Billboard's country and western juke box chart. It spent 25 weeks on the charts and was also ranked No. 10 on Billboard's 1955 year-end country and western retail chart and No. 12 on the year-end juke box and disk jockey charts.

text:
# I've Been Thinking

"**I've Been Thinking**" is a song written by Boudleaux Bryant, performed by Eddy Arnold, and released on the RCA Victor label (catalog no. 20-6000). In January 1955, it peaked at No. 2 on *Billboard*'s country and western juke box chart (No. 3 on the best seller chart). It spent 25 weeks on the charts and was also ranked No. 10 on *Billboard*'s 1955 year-end country and western retail chart and No. 12 on the year-end juke box and disk jockey charts.

## InfoBox

| "I've Been Thinking" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Eddy Arnold | |
| B-side | "Don't Forget" |
| Released | 1955 |
| Recorded | 1954 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 2:04 |
| Label | RCA Victor |
| Songwriter(s) | Boudleaux Bryant |
| Eddy Arnold singles chronology | |
| "Christmas Can't Be Far Away"
(1954) "**I've Been Thinking**"
(1955) "I Always Have Someone to Turn To"
(1955) | |


title: IBM System p

abstract: The IBM System p is a high-end line of RISC (Power)/UNIX-based servers. It was the successor of the RS/6000 line, and predecessor of the IBM Power Systems server series.

text:
# IBM System p

The **IBM System p** is a high-end line of RISC (Power)/UNIX-based servers. It was the successor of the RS/6000 line, and predecessor of the IBM Power Systems server series.

## History

The previous RS/6000 line was originally a line of workstations and servers. The first System p server line was named the ***e*Server pSeries** in 2000 as part of the e-Server branding initiative.

In 2004, with the advent of the POWER5 processor, the server family was rebranded the ***e*Server p5**.

In 2005, following IBM's move to streamline its server and storage brands worldwide, and incorporating the "System" brand with the Systems Agenda, the family was again renamed to **System p5**. The System p5 now encompassed the IBM OpenPower product line.

In 2007, after the introduction of the POWER6 processor models, the last rename under the **System p** brand dropped the p (numbered) designation.

In April 2008, IBM announced a rebranding of the System p and its unification with the mid-range System i platform. The resulting product line was called **IBM Power Systems**.

## Hardware and software

### Processors

Whereas the previous RS/6000 line used a mix of early POWER and PowerPC processors, when pSeries came along, this had evolved into RS64-III and POWER3 across the board—POWER3 for its excellent floating-point performance and RS64 for its scalability, throughput, and integer performance.

IBM developed the POWER4 processor to replace both POWER3 and the RS64 line in 2001. After that, the differences between throughput and number crunching-optimized systems no longer existed. Since then, System p machines evolved to use the POWER5 but also the PowerPC 970 for the low-end and blade systems.

The last System p systems used the POWER6 processor, such as the POWER6-based System p 570 and the JS22 blade. In addition, during the SuperComputing 2007 (SC07) conference in Reno, IBM introduced a new POWER6-based System p 575 with 32 POWER6 cores at 4.7 GHz and up to 256 GB of RAM with water cooling.

### Features

All IBM System p5 and IBM *e*Server p5 machines support DLPAR (Dynamic Logical Partitioning) with Virtual I/O and Micro-partitioning.

System p generally uses the AIX operating system and, more recently, 64-bit versions of the Linux operating system.

## Models

### BladeCenter

### Main line

#### eServer pSeries

* IBM eServer pSeries 610 (7028-6C1 & 6E1)
* IBM eServer pSeries 615 (7029-6C3, 7029-6E3) (1~2-core POWER4+ CPU)
* IBM eServer pSeries 620 (7025-F80, 6F0 & 6F1) (1~3 2-core RS64-IV CPUs)
* IBM eServer pSeries 630 (7028-6C4, 7028-6E4) (1 1-core POWER4 CPU or 1~2 2-core POWER4 CPUs)
* IBM eServer pSeries 640 (7026-B80) 1-4 POWER3-II CPUs
* IBM eServer pSeries 650 (7038-6M2) 2-8 POWER4 CPUs
* IBM eServer pSeries 655 (7039-651) 4-8 POWER4 CPUs
* IBM eServer pSeries 660 (7026-H80, 6H0, 6H1, M80 & 6M1)
* IBM eServer pSeries 670 (7040-671) 4-16 POWER4 CPUs
* IBM eServer pSeries 680 (7017 range)
* IBM eServer pSeries 690 (7040-681) 8-32 POWER4 CPUs

The IBM p690 was, at the time of its release in late 2001, the flagship of IBM's high-end Unix servers during the POWER4 era of processors. It was built to run IBM AIX Unix, although it is possible to run a version of Linux minus some POWER4-specific features.

It could support up to 32 (1.5, 1.7 or 1.9 GHz) POWER4+ processors and 1 TB of RAM, which weighs well over 1000 kg. It was used in a supercomputer at Forschungszentrum Jülich in 2004, and was discontinued in late 2005.

#### eServer p5

Released in 2004.

* IBM eServer p5 510 Express (9111-510) (1~2-core 1.5 GHz POWER5 CPU)
* IBM eServer p5 510 (9111-510) (1~2-core 1.65 GHz POWER5 CPU)
* IBM eServer p5 520 Express (9111-520) (1~2-core 1.5 GHz POWER5 CPU)
* IBM eServer p5 520 (9111-520) (2-core 1.65 GHz POWER5 CPU)
* IBM eServer p5 550 Express (9113-550) (1~2 1~2-core 1.5 GHz POWER5 CPUs)
* IBM eServer p5 550 (9113-550) (1~2 2-core 1.65 GHz POWER5 CPUs)
* IBM eServer p5 570 Express (9117-570) (1~8 2-core 1.5 GHz POWER5 CPUs)
* IBM eServer p5 570 (9117-570) (1~8 2-core 1.65 GHz or 1.9 GHz POWER5 CPUs)
* IBM eServer p5 590 (9119-590) (1~4 8-core 1.65 GHz POWER5 MCMs)
* IBM eServer p5 595 (9119-595) (2, 4, 6 or 8 8-core 1.65 GHz or 1.9 GHz POWER5 MCMs)

#### System p5

* IBM System p5 185 (7037-A50) (1~2-core PowerPC 970 CPU)
* IBM System p5 505 (9115-505) (1~2-core POWER5 or POWER5+ CPU)
* IBM System p5 505Q (9115-505) (4-core POWER5+ CPU)
* IBM System p5 510 (9110-51A) (1~2 1~2-core POWER5 or POWER5+ CPUs)
* IBM System p5 510Q (9110-51A) (1~2 4-core POWER5+ CPUs)
* IBM System p5 520 (9131-52A) (1~2-core POWER5+ CPU)
* IBM System p5 520Q (9131-52A) (4-core POWER5+ CPU)
* IBM System p5 550 (9133-55A) (1~2 2-core POWER5+ CPUs)
* IBM System p5 550Q (9133-55A) (1~2 4-core POWER5+ CPUs)
* IBM System p5 560Q (9116-561) (1, 2 or 4 4-core POWER5+ CPUs)
* IBM System p5 570 (9117-570) (1~8 2-core POWER5+ CPUs)
* IBM System p5 575 (9118-575) (8 1~2-core POWER5+ CPUs)
* IBM System p5 590 (9119-590) (1~2 16-core POWER5 or POWER5+ processor books)
* IBM System p5 595 (9119-595) (1~4 16-core POWER5 or POWER5+ processor books)

#### System p

* IBM System p 520 Express (1, 2 or 4-core POWER6 CPU)
* IBM System p 550 Express (1~4 2-core POWER6 CPUs)
* IBM System p 560 Express (POWER6)
* IBM System p 570 (POWER6)
* IBM System p 575 (POWER6)
* IBM System p 595 (9119-FHA) (1~8 8-core POWER6 processor books)

System p was rebranded to Power Systems in 2008.

### OpenPower

**OpenPower** was the name of a range of servers in the System p line from IBM. They featured IBM's POWER5 CPUs and run only 64-bit versions of Linux. IBM's own UNIX variant, AIX is not supported since the OpenPower servers are not licensed for this operating system.

There were two models available, with a variety of configurations.

Before 2005, OpenPower belonged to the eServer product line but were eventually rolled into the IBM's Power Systems product portfolio.

* IBM eServer OpenPower 710 (9123-710) (1~2-core POWER5 CPU)
* IBM eServer OpenPower 720 (9124-720) 1-4 POWER5 CPUs

### IntelliStation POWER

### BladeCenter

## InfoBox

IBM System p
| System p5 595 | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | eServer pSeries (2000-2004)   ---  eServer p5 (2004-2005)   ---  System p5 (2005-2007)  ---  System p (2007-2008) |
| Developer | IBM |
| Type | Server |
| Release date | 2000 (2000) |
| Discontinued | Apr 2008 (Apr 2008) |
| CPU | IBM Power or PowerPC |
| Predecessor | IBM RS/6000 |
| Successor | IBM Power Systems |
| Related | IBM System i |


title: Nyokum

abstract: Nyokum is a festival celebrated by the Nyishi tribe of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. The Word Nyokum has been derived from the combination of two words - Nyok means land (earth) and Kum means collectiveness or togetherness. Therefore, the Nyokum festival may very well be interpreted as inviting all the Gods and Goddesses of the universe, with the Nyokum Goddess as the principal deity, to a particular venue at a particular time. The festival is commonly celebrated by the people from all class and walk of life for better productivity, prosperity and happiness of all human beings.

text:
# Nyokum

**Nyokum** is a festival celebrated by the Nyishi tribe of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. The Word Nyokum has been derived from the combination of two words - **Nyok** means land (earth) and **Kum** means collectiveness or togetherness. Therefore, the Nyokum festival may very well be interpreted as inviting all the Gods and Goddesses of the universe, with the Nyokum Goddess as the principal deity, to a particular venue at a particular time. The festival is commonly celebrated by the people from all class and walk of life for better productivity, prosperity and happiness of all human beings.

## Significance

The festival has a close link with cultivation. The Nyokum goddess, the goddess of prosperity is invoked for her blessings so that there may be more and more production of food-grains in the next harvesting season, that the visit of famine may be warded off, and that drought or flood may not hamper cultivation, nor should any insect or animal destroy plants and crops. The Goddess is invoked so that the human race may be strengthened and regenerated. All should be free from unnatural death due to accident, war and epidemic.

**Ui** or **Oram Nyoko** is the place meant for the life after death. It is also believed that there are numerous deities and spirits on earth. These are the deities and spirits of mountains, rivers, forest, animals crops, household and so on and so forth. Some of the spirits are benevolent and others are malevolent. The Nyishi believe that human being's can live a life of peace and prosperity on this earth only when a perfect harmony is maintained between man, God and nature. They also believe that prosperity and happiness can come to a man when God and nature are pleased. Misery, hardship and natural calamities like famine, flood, drought, earthquake, epidemic, warfare, accidental death and such unwanted incidents occur due to the displeasure and wrath of the God and Goddess of nature. It is, therefore, the Nyishi worship to propitiate the benevolent Gods and Goddess to protect and bring prosperity to them and to ward off the malevolent spirits from disturbing the peace and tranquility in their life, **Nyokum Yullow** is one of such propitiation.

## Rituals

The main prayer structure of the Nyishi is made of bamboo, called the **yugang**. Alongside the yugang sacrificial animals are tethered. Like cows, mithuns, and goats. Often one finds small chickens hung from bamboo poles of the yugang. The **nyubh** or the traditional priest specifies the number and kinds of animals for sacrifice, or any other offering to be made. There are no idols in this worship. Neither is there any permanent structure. Besides the animal sacrifice, beer made from millet seeds and rice paste is used.

People turn up wearing their traditional clothes during this time. The men dress in a cotton **eri** robe draped from the shoulder and reaching the thighs. From their neck hangs a variety of bead jewellery necklaces. Often semi precious stones like turquoise adorn these necklaces. The men's attire is topped by a bamboo woven cap on the head. This cap is decorated with feathers or furs of wild animals. The beak of the hornbill is a favorite ornament for the traditional cap. The women also dress in their finery of **par ej**, earrings bead necklaces, topped with a headdress made of finely scaped bamboo.

There is singing and dancing before the head priest or nyubh comes with his attendants to perform the main ritual. Guests are welcomed with rice paste powder, and **opo** or millet seed beer which is scooped in dried gourd ladles. The song and dance are performed in a group. Usually men and women hold hands in a circular form and sing and dance these lines **Nyokum bo tapa debe**. And sometimes men dance mock fights with **dao** (short sword) and shield made of animal hide.

## Rikham Pada the Folk Dance of the Nyishi Tribe

Rikham Pada means giant, handsome, undefeatable and matured man Rinyam Yami means young and handsome looking boy

Both Rikham Pada and Rinyam Yami were two brothers.

They (Rikham Pada & Rinyam Yami) were attire with beautiful traditional dresses which adding up their handsomeness, the most beautiful girls of the universe were after them. So marriage proposals were impending like shooting star, flowing of pure and milky river water,

Rikham Pada was man of principle, therefore he rejected them. So their imagination of marrying to Rikham pada was depicting in the form of song and dances.


title: IC 1295

abstract: IC 1295 is a planetary nebula in the constellation Scutum. It was discovered in 1867 by Truman Safford. It lies roughly 4,700 light-years away. The central star of the planetary nebula has a spectral type of DAO.56 and shows the hydrogen deficient class object as hgO(H).

text:
# IC 1295

**IC 1295** is a planetary nebula in the constellation Scutum. It was discovered in 1867 by Truman Safford. It lies roughly 4,700 light-years (1,500 parsecs) away.

The central star of the planetary nebula has a spectral type of DAO.56 and shows the hydrogen deficient class object as hgO(H).

1. "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". *Results for IC 1295*. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
2. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "*Gaia* Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". *Astronomy & Astrophysics*. **616**. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.
3. "NGC/IC Project". *Results for IC 1295*. Archived from the original on 2012-05-20. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
4. Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue objects: NGC 1250 - 1299". *cseligman.com*. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
5. González-Santamaría, I.; Manteiga, M.; Manchado, A.; Ulla, A.; Dafonte, C.; López Varela, P. (2021). "Planetary nebulae in Gaia EDR3: Central star identification, properties, and binarity". *Astronomy & Astrophysics*. **656**: A51. arXiv:2109.12114. Bibcode:2021A&A...656A..51G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141916. S2CID 237940344.

## InfoBox

IC 1295
| Emission nebula | |
| --- | --- |
| Planetary nebula | |
| The most detailed image of IC 1295 captured so far. | |
| Observation data: J2000 epoch | |
| Right ascension | 18h 54m 37.206s |
| Declination | −08° 49 39.08 |
| Distance | 4700 ly   (1500 pc) |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.7 |
| Apparent dimensions (V) | 1.7 × 1.4 arcmin |
| Constellation | Scutum |
|  | |
| Designations | PK25-4.2 |
|


title: IFK Vänersborg

abstract: IFK Vänersborg is a Swedish sports club in Vänersborg, Sweden, most famous for its success in bandy.

text:
# IFK Vänersborg

**IFK Vänersborg** is a Swedish sports club in Vänersborg, Sweden, most famous for its success in bandy.

## History

The club was formed on 9 March 1903. The first years saw the club also compete in sports such as gymnastics and athletics.

In bandy, the club played in Allsvenskan for the first time during the 1975–76 season. The club was degraded and did not return until the 1982–83 season. The club was once again degraded, and was not upgraded until the 1986–87 season. Since then, the club has stayed in the top league, now called Elitserien.

During the 2014 World Cup the team played the final, losing 1–4 against Västerås SK.

The club has one of the more modern indoor arenas for bandy, the Arena Vänersborg, inaugurated in 2009. The former home field of the club, the outdoor bandy rink Vänersborgs isstadion, is still in use for other bandy teams in Vänersborg.

## InfoBox

| IFK Vänersborg | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| City | Vänersborg, Sweden |
| League | Elitserien |
| Founded | 9 March 1903 (9 March 1903) |
| Home arena | Arena Vänersborg |
| Head coach | Ari Holopainen |
| Website | ifkvanersborg.se |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: IV (The Aggrolites album)

abstract: IV is the fourth studio album from reggae band The Aggrolites. It is the band's third album for Hellcat Records. Prior to the album's release, the band posted "The Sufferer" on their Myspace page. "It's Gonna Be OK" was also included on the ANTI- Sampler 2009 which was posted on Amazon.com for free download.

text:
# IV (The Aggrolites album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***IV*** is the fourth studio album from reggae band The Aggrolites. It is the band's third album for Hellcat Records.

Prior to the album's release, the band posted "The Sufferer" on their Myspace page. "It's Gonna Be OK" was also included on the *ANTI- Sampler 2009* which was posted on Amazon.com for free download.

## Track listing

All tracks are credited to Jesse Wagner, Jeff Roffredo, Brian Dixon and Roger Rivas.

1. "Firecracker" - 4:31
2. "What A Complex" - 3:59
3. "Wild Time" - 3:02
4. "Feelin' Alright" - 4:00
5. "The Sufferer" - 3:09
6. "It's Time To Go" - 3:58
7. "By Her Side" - 3:32
8. "Brother Jacob" - 3:55
9. "Musically On Top" - 3:14
10. "Reggae Summertime" - 4:11
11. "Ever Want To Try" - 3:09
12. "Keep Moving On" - 4:00
13. "Tear That Falls" - 3:09
14. "Gotta Find Someone Better" - 4:00
15. "Lick It Up" - 4:12
16. "The Least I Could Do" - 2:52
17. "Runnin' Strong" - 2:41
18. "Precious and Few" - 3:46
19. "Tonight" - 3:04
20. "Soul Gathering" - 2:35
21. "It's Gonna Be OK" - 4:06

## Personnel

* Jesse Wagner: Lead Vocals / Guitar / Backup Vocals
* Roger Rivas: Piano / Organ / Group Vocals
* Brian Dixon: Guitar / Group Vocals
* Jeff Rofredo: Bass / Backup Vocals

### Additional musicians

* Scott Abels: Drums, Percussion
* Korey "Kingston" Horn: Drums on "Feelin' Alright", "By Her Side", "The Least I Could Do", "Runnin' Strong"
* Efren Santana: Saxophone
* Tom Cook: Trombone
* Todd Simon: Trumpet

### Other credits

* Recorded at Kingsize Soundlabs in Eagle Rock, California
* All songs written, recorded, mixed, and produced by Dixon/Rivas/Rofredo/Wagner (BMI)
* Mastered by Gene Grimaldi at Oasis in Burbank, CA
* 2nd Engineer: Richard P. Robinson
* Artwork by Roger Rivas and Tom D. Kline
* Photography by Jiro Schneider

## InfoBox

| IV | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by The Aggrolites | |
| Released | June 9, 2009 (2009-06-09) |
| Recorded | Kingsize Soundlabs, Los Angeles, California, 2009 |
| Genre | Reggae |
| Label | Hellcat Records |
| The Aggrolites chronology | |
| *Reggae Hit L.A.*
(2007) ***IV***
(2009) *Rugged Road*
(2011) | |


title: O.T.C. Hanuman Temple, Palayam

abstract: O.T.C. Hanuman Temple is one of the most visited Hanuman temples in Kerala, India. This temple is situated at Palayam in the heart of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.

text:
# O.T.C. Hanuman Temple, Palayam

**O.T.C. Hanuman Temple** is one of the most visited Hanuman temples in Kerala, India. This temple is situated at Palayam in the heart of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.

## History of the temple

After the reign of Marthanda Varma, the capital of Travancore was shifted from Padmanabhapuram to Thiruvananthapuram. Initially, the headquarters of the Nair Brigade was shifted from the old capital to the new. Then it was shifted to Kollam and later brought back to Thiruvananthapuram. The Nair soldiers brought many of their deities to Thiruvananthapuram. The cavalry of the Nair Brigade brought with them the Ganesha idols of Pazhavangady and Palayam temples, whereas, the cavalry soldiers brought Sri Hanuman to Thiruvananthapuram. Since the temple was originally located with the military camp, the temple is officially referred as O.T.C. (Officers Training Camp) Hanuman Temple.

## Deities in the temple

Apart from Hanuman, Lord Siva, Ganapati, Naga devatas and Yogeeswaran also are in the temple.

## Tantri

The famous Thazhamon Madhom has Tantram in this temple.

## Administration of the temple

The temple is currently administered by the Travancore Devaswom Board.

'Ananthapuri Noottandukalilude' by K Sivasankaran Nair

## InfoBox

| O.T.C. Hanuman Temple | |
| --- | --- |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Hinduism |
| District | Thiruvananthapuram |
| Deity | Lord Hanuman |
| Location | |
| Location | Palayam |
| State | Kerala |
| Country | India |
| Location in Kerala | |
| Geographic coordinates | 8°30′28″N 76°56′59″E / 8.50778°N 76.94972°E / 8.50778; 76.94972 |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Dravidian architecture (Kovil) |


title: O. C. Barber Piggery

abstract: The O. C. Barber Piggery, built in 1912, is a historic farm building located at 248 Robinson Avenue on the Anna-Dean Farm in Barberton, Ohio. It was built by American businessman and industrialist Ohio Columbus Barber, the developer of both Barberton, which he envisioned as a planned industrial community, and the nearby 3,500-acre (14 km⁲) Anna-Dean Farm, which he envisioned as a prototype for modern agricultural enterprise. Barber was called America's Match King because of his controlling interest in the Diamond Match Company. The 300-foot-long (91 m) brick and block Piggery building, painted patriotic red, white and blue, was only used to house swine until 1915, when cholera was detected in the herd, which was then destroyed. After being thoroughly disinfected with bleach, the building was used to house sheep for two years, before they were replaced by calves because Barber was upset by the fact that the sheep destroyed the pastures by their grazing practices. The building was renamed the Calf Barn. On May 22, 1973, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

text:
# O. C. Barber Piggery

The **O. C. Barber Piggery**, built in 1912, is a historic farm building located at 248 Robinson Avenue on the Anna-Dean Farm in Barberton, Ohio. It was built by American businessman and industrialist Ohio Columbus Barber, the developer of both Barberton, which he envisioned as a planned industrial community, and the nearby 3,500-acre (14 km2) Anna-Dean Farm, which he envisioned as a prototype for modern agricultural enterprise. Barber was called *America's Match King* because of his controlling interest in the Diamond Match Company.

The 300-foot-long (91 m) brick and block Piggery building, painted patriotic red, white and blue, was only used to house swine until 1915, when cholera was detected in the herd, which was then destroyed. After being thoroughly disinfected with bleach, the building was used to house sheep for two years, before they were replaced by calves because Barber was upset by the fact that the sheep destroyed the pastures by their grazing practices. The building was renamed the **Calf Barn**.

On May 22, 1973, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| O. C. Barber Piggery | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Barberton, Ohio |
| Coordinates | 41°0′35″N 81°35′49″W / 41.00972°N 81.59694°W / 41.00972; -81.59694 |
| Built | 1912 |
| Architect | Harpster & Bliss |
| Architectural style | Beaux Art |
| NRHP reference No. | 73001540 |
| Added to NRHP | May 22, 1973 |


title: IC 923

abstract: IC 923 is a lenticular galaxy located in Ursa Major. Its redshift is 0.069243 which means the galaxy is 954 million light-years from Earth. IC 923 has apparent dimensions of 0.50 x 0.2 arcmin, meaning it is approximately 139,000 light-years across. IC 923 was discovered in June 1892, by Edward Emerson Barnard and is a member of galaxy group V1CG 588.

text:
# IC 923

**IC 923** is a lenticular galaxy located in Ursa Major. Its redshift is 0.069243 which means the galaxy is 954 million light-years from Earth. IC 923 has apparent dimensions of 0.50 x 0.2 arcmin, meaning it is approximately 139,000 light-years across. IC 923 was discovered in June 1892, by Edward Emerson Barnard and is a member of galaxy group V1CG 588.

1. "IC 923 - lenticular galaxy. Description IC 923:". *kosmoved.ru*. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
2. "Your NED Search Results". *ned.ipac.caltech.edu*. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
3. "Revised IC Data for IC 923". *spider.seds.org*. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
4. "Index Catalog Objects: IC 900 - 949". *cseligman.com*. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
5. "List of NGC/IC observers". *www.klima-luft.de*. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
6. "NED Search Results for V1CG 588". *ned.ipac.caltech.edu*. Retrieved 2024-05-14.

## InfoBox

| IC 923 | |
| --- | --- |
| SDSS image of IC 923 (located above the image) | |
| Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
| Constellation | Ursa Major |
| Right ascension | 13h 43m 16.103s |
| Declination | +55d 36m 56.85s |
| Redshift | 0.069243 |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 20,765 km/s |
| Distance | 954 Mly (292.5 Mpc) |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 15.0 |
| Apparent magnitude (B) | 16.0 |
| Surface brightness | 12.4 |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | S0 |
| Apparent size (V) | 0.50' x 0.2' |
| Other designations | |
| \[TTL2012\] 081743, SDSS J134316.09+553656.8, EON J205.817+55.616 | |


title: IC Manage

abstract: IC Manage is a company that provides design data and IP management, Big Data Analytics, Hybrid Cloud Bursting, and High-Performance Computing software to semiconductors, systems, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence IC companies.

text:
# IC Manage

**IC Manage** is a company that provides design data and IP management, Big Data Analytics, Hybrid Cloud Bursting, and High-Performance Computing software to semiconductors, systems, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence IC companies.

## History

In 2003, IC Manage was founded by Shiv Sikand and Dean Drako.

In 2004, IC Manage introduced the beta version of its commercial design data management software system that provided version control, configuration management, and software bug tracking. The design management system included a graphical Cadence Design Framework user interface and worked with both the Cadence and the OpenAccess databases. It tracked only modified files and stored metadata about revisions and configurations in a relational database separate from the design data.

In 2007, IC Manage announced its Global Design Platform (GDP) design data management system. GDP had bi-directional component tracking for IC revisions and derivatives; mixing, match, and reuse of components and semiconductor intellectual property cores across local and remote design sites; defect tracking and workspace synchronization to the same state when a designer reported, fixed, or verified a software bug.

In 2007, Nvidia manufactured over 100 chips that used IC Manage software during design.

In 2009, IC Manage content management software was mentioned as a technology driver enabling semiconductor companies to do design work across local and remote geographic locations, as part of a significant trend toward outsourcing design work to other countries. IC Manage's software creates a workspace that abstracts the design data from the underlying directory organization.

In 2011, DeepChip.com ranked IC Manage IP Central (IP Pro) as the #1 item to see at the Design Automation Conference.

From 2010 through 2014, IC Manage has been included in the annual "What to See at DAC" list by the GarySmith EDA analyst firm. In 2010 for Enterprise Tools, in 2011 for Design Management, in 2012 and 2013 for Design Debug, and 2014 for Enterprise tools.

In 2014, IC Manage was selected as one of Deloitte Fast 500, a ranking of the 500 fastest growing technology, media, telecommunications, life sciences and clean technology companies in North America. IC Manage grew 178 percent during the 4 years from 2008 to 2012.

In 2015, Design Automation Conference attendees ranked IC Manage Envision Design Progress Analytics as the #1 item at the conference.

In 2016, Design Automation Conference attendees ranked IC Manage as #3 at the conference, based on its software application accelerator product.

In 2018, DeepChip.com ranked IC Manage PeerCache for hybrid cloud bursting as one of 3 companies in the #1 group to see at the Design Automation Conference. Pedestal Research also included IC Manage in its 2018 What to See at DAC list.

In 2022, IC Manage announced IC Manage Holodeck high-performance computing product works with Microsoft Azure and Amazon AWS.

## Products

* Global Design Platform (GDP) - In April 2007, IC Manage announced its Global Design Platform (GDP) design data management system.
* IP Central/ IP Pro - In June 2011, the company introduced its IP Central platform targeted to design and verification teams for IP reuse, including publishing, sharing and integration and revisions of internal and third-party IP, and IP bug dependency tracing.
* IC Manage Views – In May 2012, the company announced its IC Manage Views workspace acceleration software, a version aware file system which presents complete virtual workspace views, and transfers data on demand to a local file cache.
* IC Manage Envision Design Progress Analytics - In May 2015, the company announced its IC Manage Envision Big Data Predictive Analytics, providing real-time design progress analytics for predicting and managing projects.
* IC Manage PeerCache. In May 2016, IC Manage first presented its PeerCache for the application I/O speedup. In May 2018, IC Manage presented details on PeerCache for Hybrid Cloud Bursting.
* IC Manage Envision Verification Analytics - In December 2017, the company announced its IC Manage Envision Verification Analytics, to help companies allocate their resources in near real-time to accelerate their verification schedules, including identifying verification bottlenecks with specific design changes. The company also announced its Big Data Labs.
* IC Manage GDP-XL - In March 2018, the company released its IC Manage GDP-XL design & IP management system, including a Git API.
* IC Manage Holodeck HPC product provides access to cloud-compute capacity and hybrid cloud bursting by virtually projecting terabyte/petabyte NFS file systems, and transferring only the specific data segments required by the job.

## Customer applications

The following semiconductor companies have discussed applications for IC Manage's technologies at conferences.

## InfoBox

IC Manage
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Software Configuration Management |
| Founded | 2002 |
| Headquarters | Campbell, California |
| Key people | CEO: Dean Drako EVP: Shiv Sikand |
| Website | www.icmanage.com |


title: Occupy Love

abstract: Occupy Love is a 2012 documentary film about the Occupy movement directed by Velcrow Ripper. The film premiered at the 2012 Vancouver International Film Festival.

text:
# Occupy Love

***Occupy Love*** is a 2012 documentary film about the Occupy movement directed by Velcrow Ripper. The film premiered at the 2012 Vancouver International Film Festival.

## Overview

*Occupy Love* argues that the Arab Spring, Occupy movement, *Indignados* and other movements all form part of a single global movement. The film's central question is: "How could the crisis we're facing become a love story?" Ripper comments: "This isn't a flaky ideal or some kind of a dream. This is a necessary, very practical step forward for humanity ... This is what's needed if we’re going to turn things—these huge crises facing the planet—around." The film features figures including bell hooks, Naomi Klein, Bill McKibben, Judy Rebick and Rebecca Solnit. It also includes testimonies from activists involved in the movements described.

## Production

The film's funding was crowdsourced. Shooting locations included Spain and Cairo, Egypt.

## Critical reception

Writing for *canada.com*, Ethan Cox described the film as "Visually stunning, politically incendiary, audaciously inspiring ... a masterpiece." Alan Scherstuhl of *The Village Voice* praised the film's "arresting" and "often inspiring" photography, but observed it may find an unexpected audience in "rightwingers eager to dismiss everything Occupy as hopelessly naive."

## InfoBox

| Occupy Love | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Velcrow Ripper |
| Produced by | * Nova Ami * Ian Mackenzie * Velcrow Ripper |
| Release date | * October 7, 2012 (2012-10-07) (Vancouver Film Festival) |
| Language | English |


title: ONE Friday Fights 5

abstract: ONE Friday Fights 5: Kongklai vs. Superball was a combat sport event produced by ONE Championship that took place on February 17, 2023, at Lumpinee Boxing Stadium in Bangkok, Thailand.

text:
# ONE Friday Fights 5

***ONE Friday Fights 5: Kongklai vs. Superball*** (also known as ***ONE Lumpinee 5***) was a combat sport event produced by ONE Championship that took place on February 17, 2023, at Lumpinee Boxing Stadium in Bangkok, Thailand.

## Background

The first six bout card live on FanDuel TV, was headlined by a 154 pounds catchweight muay thai bout between Revo Sor.Sommai vs. Furkan Karabağ. The second six bout card live on YouTube and Facebook: ONE Championship, headlined by a 138 pounds catchweight muay thai bout between Kongklai AnnyMuayThai vs. Superball Tded99.

## Results

| Main card (YouTube / Facebook) | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Weight class |  |  |  | Method | Round | Time | Notes |
| Flyweight Muay Thai | Superball Tded99 | def. | Kongklai AnnyMuayThai | Decision (unanimous) | 3 | 3:00 |  |
| Catchweight (130 lbs) Muay Thai | Denkriangkrai Singha Mawynn | def. | Songchana Tor.Brucelee | Decision (split) | 3 | 3:00 |  |
| Flyweight Muay Thai | Namphongnoi Sor.Sommai | def. | Ploypanlan P.K.Saenchai | KO (punch) | 1 | 0:57 |  |
| Strawweight Muay Thai | Teeyai P.K.Saenchai | def. | Jelte Blommaert | TKO (retirement) | 1 | 3:00 |  |
| Catchweight (132 lbs) Muay Thai | Iony Lawrence | def. | Ploymuangjan SmileMuayThai | TKO (punches) | 1 | 1:58 |  |
| Catchweight (112 lbs) Muay Thai | Khunsuk Sor.Dechapan | def. | Yodbuangarm Luckybuntherng | KO (punches) | 2 | 0:52 |  |
| Preliminary card (FanDuel TV) | | | | | | | |
| Catchweight (154 lbs) Muay Thai | Furkan Karabağ | def. | Revo Sor.Sommai | TKO (leg kick) | 3 | 0:37 |  |
| Flyweight | Fritz Biagtan | def. | Nurmukhammad Adamkhonov | KO (punch) | 3 | 4:56 |  |
| Women's Strawweight | Aleksandra Savicheva | def. | Zeba Bano | TKO (punches) | 1 | 3:39 |  |
| Flyweight Muay Thai | Dedduanglek Tded99 | def. | Temirlan Bekmurzaev | Decision (unanimous) | 3 | 3:00 |  |
| Catchweight (130 lbs) Muay Thai | Hannah Brady | def. | Claire Rankine | KO (punches) | 1 | 2:07 |  |
| Women's Atomweight | Chihiro Sawada | def. | Sanaz Fayazmanesh | Submission (americana) | 2 | 0:53 |  |

## Bonus awards

The following fighters received $10,000 bonuses.

* **Performance of the Night: Superball Tded99, Kongklai AnnyMuayThai, Namphongnoi Sor.Sommai, Teeyai P.K.Saenchai, Khunsuk Sor.Dechapan** and **Furkan Karabağ**

1. "【ONE】鈴木宙樹、澤田千優がルンピニー大会「Friday Fights」に出場＝2.10、17". *eFight*. 2023-02-06. Retrieved 2023-02-06. (in Japanese)
2. "【ONE】2月に2週連続で日本人選手の参戦が決定＝毎週金曜夜「ONE Friday Fights」シリーズ". gonkaku.jp. 2023-02-04. Retrieved 2023-02-06. (in Japanese)
3. Ben Coate (2023-02-15). "Full fight card revealed for ONE Friday Fights 5 at Lumpinee Boxing Stadium on February 17". *ONE Championship – The Home of Martial Arts*. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
4. "ONE Friday Fights 5". *ONE Championship – The Home of Martial Arts*. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
5. "Superball debuts with victory in ONE Friday Fights 5 main event; fiery card features 9 finishes". *ONE Championship – The Home of Martial Arts*. 2023-02-17. Retrieved 2023-02-17.

## InfoBox

| ONE Friday Fights 5: Kongklai vs. Superball | |
| --- | --- |
| Promotion | ONE Championship |
| Date | February 17, 2023 (2023-February-17) |
| Venue | Lumpinee Boxing Stadium |
| City | Bangkok, Thailand |
| Event chronology | |
| ONE Friday Fights 4: Duangsompong vs. Batman ONE Friday Fights 5: Kongklai vs. Superball ONE Friday Fights 6: Gingsanglek vs. Kongthoranee | |


title: I Only Know I Love You

abstract: "I Only Know I Love You" is a 1956 popular song produced by Carlo Alberto Rossi, Al Stillman, and Ugo Calise and performed by the Four Aces, whose version peaked at No. 22 on the Billboard Top 100 singles chart. The single was released on the B side of the record with the A side containing A Woman in Love.

text:
# I Only Know I Love You

"**I Only Know I Love You**" is a 1956 popular song produced by Carlo Alberto Rossi, Al Stillman, and Ugo Calise and performed by the Four Aces, whose version peaked at No. 22 on the *Billboard* Top 100 singles chart. The single was released on the B side of the record with the A side containing A Woman in Love.

## Weekly charts

| Chart (1956) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Top 100 | 22 |
|

## InfoBox

| "I Only Know I Love You" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by The Four Aces | |
| from the album  *The Four Aces Sing* | |
| B-side | "Dreamer" |
| Released | June 16, 1956 |
| Recorded | 1956 |
| Genre | Traditional pop |
| Length | 2:56 |
| Label | Decca |
| Songwriter(s) | Carlo Alberto Rossi, Al Stillman, Ugo Calise |
| The Four Aces singles chronology | |
| "To Love Again"
(1956) "**I Only Know I Love You**"
(1956) "Dreamer"
(1956) | |


title: I Like Fun

abstract: I Like Fun is the twentieth studio album from New York City-based alternative rock band They Might Be Giants, released on January 19, 2018.

text:
# I Like Fun

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 74/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| Paste | 8.9/10 |

***I Like Fun*** is the twentieth studio album from New York City-based alternative rock band They Might Be Giants, released on January 19, 2018.

## Background

The band began recording on April 3, 2017, at Reservoir Studios (former site of Skyline Studios), using the same studio space the band used to record *Flood*. In October 2017, the band confirmed the album was scheduled to be released on January 19, 2018, along with the return of their Dial-A-Song service.

The album's track listing was revealed on October 23, alongside an early download of the track "I Left My Body".

## Release

Before the release of the full album, three songs—one with a music video—were uploaded to YouTube, with uploads to iTunes following shortly afterward. The songs were, in order of release, "I Left My Body", "Last Wave" (December 1, 2017), and "All Time What" (January 3, 2018), the latter of which featured a video.

*I Like Fun* was available for pre-release streaming on January 11, 2018. The album was released physically and digitally on January 19, 2018.

After the release of the full album, as part of Dial-A-Song 2018, They Might Be Giants continued to release videos for all but three of the songs. A music video for the title track "I Like Fun" was created by Canadian artist Joren Cull.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by They Might Be Giants, except where noted.

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Let's Get This Over With" |  | 3:07 |
| 2. | "I Left My Body" |  | 2:36 |
| 3. | "All Time What" |  | 2:29 |
| 4. | "By the Time You Get This" |  | 2:17 |
| 5. | "An Insult to the Fact Checkers" |  | 2:34 |
| 6. | "Mrs. Bluebeard" |  | 2:43 |
| 7. | "I Like Fun" |  | 3:00 |
| 8. | "Push Back the Hands" |  | 3:00 |
| 9. | "This Microphone" |  | 2:36 |
| 10. | "The Bright Side" |  | 2:29 |
| 11. | "When the Lights Come On" |  | 3:17 |
| 12. | "Lake Monsters" |  | 2:56 |
| 13. | "McCafferty's Bib" |  | 2:35 |
| 14. | "The Greatest" | They Might Be Giants, Christopher Albert Anderson | 1:48 |
| 15. | "Last Wave" |  | 3:24 |
| Total length: | | | 40:51 |

## Personnel

Credits adapted from CD liner notes.

**They Might Be Giants**

**Additional musicians**

**Technical**

## Charts

| Chart (2018) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* 200 | 108 |

1. "I Like Fun by They Might Be Giants Reviews and Tracks". *Metacritic*.
2. Phares, Heather. "They Might Be Giants - I Like Fun Album Reviews, Songs & More". *AllMusic*.
3. Salmon, Ben (January 24, 2018). "They Might Be Giants: I Like Fun - Paste Magazine". *Paste*.
4. They Might Be Giants \[@tmbg\] (March 30, 2017). "We formally start recording our next album on Monday. Until then..." (Tweet). Retrieved January 12, 2018  via Twitter.
5. "ABOUT". *reservoirstudiosnyc.com*. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
6. "I Like Fun Download". *They Might Be Giants*. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
7. Reed, Ryan. "They Might Be Giants Preview New LP With Jovial Power-Pop Song". *Rolling Stone*. Archived from the original on January 12, 2018. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
8. "I Like Fun - Album by They Might Be Giants - Apple Music". *Apple Music*. January 19, 2018. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
9. They Might Be Giants (October 23, 2017). *They Might Be Giants - I Left My Body (Official Audio)* (YouTube video). ParticleMen. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
10. They Might Be Giants (December 1, 2017). *They Might Be Giants - Last Wave (Official Audio)* (YouTube video). ParticleMen. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
11. They Might Be Giants (January 3, 2018). *They Might Be Giants - All Time What (Official Video)* (YouTube video). ParticleMen. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
12. Moon, Tom (January 11, 2018). "First Listen: They Might Be Giants, 'I Like Fun'". *NPR*. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
13. "I Like Fun - They Might Be Giants". *Bandcamp*. Retrieved February 17, 2024.
14. Salisbury, Drew (January 17, 2018). "Video: They Might Be Giants – "I Like Fun"". *Spin*. Retrieved February 17, 2024.
15. They Might Be Giants (January 17, 2018). *They Might Be Giants - I Like Fun (Official Video)* (YouTube video). ParticleMen. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
16. They Might Be Giants (2018). *I Like Fun* (CD liner notes). Palisades, New York: Idlewild Recordings. IDLE 144.
17. "They Might Be Giants Chart History (*Billboard* 200)". *Billboard*. Retrieved January 30, 2018.

## InfoBox

| I Like Fun | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by They Might Be Giants | |
| Released | January 19, 2018 |
| Recorded | April 2017 |
| Studio | * Reservoir (Manhattan) * The Governor's Bluff (Sullivan County) * Collyer Brothers (Brooklyn) |
| Genre | Alternative rock |
| Length | 40:51 |
| Label | Idlewild |
| Producer | Pat Dillett, They Might Be Giants |
| They Might Be Giants chronology | |
| *Phone Power*
(2016) ***I Like Fun***
(2018) *My Murdered Remains*
(2018) | |


title: I Like Beer

abstract: "I Like Beer" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Tom T. Hall. The song was released in August 1975 as the lead single from the album I Wrote a Song About It. The song peaked at number 4 on the U.S. country singles chart and number 12 on the Canadian country singles chart.

text:
# I Like Beer

"**I Like Beer**" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Tom T. Hall. The song was released in August 1975 as the lead single from the album *I Wrote a Song About It*. The song peaked at number 4 on the U.S. country singles chart and number 12 on the Canadian country singles chart.

## Plot

In the first verse, Hall explains that in previous songs of his, that he mentioned his fondness for beer, and for this song, he would like to make this explicit, praising its mood-mellowing effects and explaining in the chorus that he does not like the coarseness of whiskey, the cost of champagne, or the effects vodka has on him (makes him run his mouth, ostensibly getting him in trouble). In the second verse, he takes joy in embarrassing his vermouth-drinking wife by yelling out for a beer. In the third verse, Hall tells of a dream he had of heaven, where the water tasted like beer before, to his disappointment, "they turned it all into wine."

## Chart performance

| Chart (1975–76) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australian (Kent Music Report) | 70 |
| Canadian *RPM* Country Tracks | 12 |
| New Zealand (*Listener*) | 30 |
| U.S. *Billboard* Hot Country Singles | 4 |

## InfoBox

| "I Like Beer" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Tom T. Hall | |
| from the album  *I Wrote a Song About It* | |
| B-side | "From a Mansion to a Honky Tonk" |
| Released | August 25, 1975 |
| Recorded | March 27, 1975
Mercury Custom Recording Studio, Nashville, Tennessee |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 2:52 |
| Label | Mercury 73704 |
| Songwriter(s) | Tom T. Hall |
| Producer(s) | Jerry Kennedy |
| Tom T. Hall singles chronology | |
| "Deal"
(1975) "**I Like Beer**"
(1975) "Faster Horses (The Cowboy and the Poet)"
(1975) | |