title: Walther Wenck

abstract: Walther Wenck was a German officer and industrialist. He was the youngest General of the branch in the German Army and a staff officer during World War II. At the end of the war, he commanded the German Twelfth Army that took part in the Battle of Berlin. Wenck left the military after surrendering to the Allies. He was asked to become Inspector General of the Bundeswehr as West Germany was re-arming in 1957, but declined to take the post when conditions he set were not met, such as the Inspector General being the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, not just an administrative leader. Historians consider Wenck a capable commander and a brilliant improviser, although incapable of the impossible task he was given of saving Berlin in 1945. His efforts and achievements have been captured by the Swedish power metal band Sabaton in the song "Hearts of Iron".

text:
# Walther Wenck

**Walther Wenck** (German: \[ˈvaltɐ ˈvɛŋk\]; 18 September 1900 – 1 May 1982) was a German officer and industrialist. He was the youngest General of the branch (*General der Truppengattung*) in the German Army and a staff officer during World War II. At the end of the war, he commanded the German Twelfth Army that took part in the Battle of Berlin. Wenck left the military after surrendering to the Allies. He was asked to become Inspector General of the Bundeswehr as West Germany was re-arming in 1957, but declined to take the post when conditions he set were not met, such as the Inspector General being the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, not just an administrative leader.

Historians consider Wenck a capable commander and a brilliant improviser, although incapable of the impossible task he was given of saving Berlin in 1945. His efforts and achievements have been captured by the Swedish power metal band Sabaton in the song "Hearts of Iron".

## Early life

The third son of officer Maximilian Wenck, Walther was born in Wittenberg, Germany in 1900. In 1911 he joined the Naumburg Cadet Corps of the Prussian Army. From the spring of 1918 he went to the secondary military school in Gross-Lichterfeld.

## Career

Wenck joined a paramilitary group (*Freikorps*) in 1919 and then the Army (*Reichswehr*) of the Weimar Republic in 1920. From 1939 to 1942, Wenck was Chief of Operations for the 1st Panzer Division. In 1942, he was an instructor at the War Academy, chief of staff for the LVII Corps, and then the Third Romanian Army on the Eastern Front.

From 1942 to 1943, he was chief of staff of "Army Detachment Hollidt", named after Karl-Adolf Hollidt, which was subordinated to the Third Romanian Army. In 1943, he was Chief of Staff of the ill-fated 6th Army. From 1943 to 1944, Wenck served in the same capacity in the 1st Panzer Army. In 1944, he was chief of staff of Army Group South Ukraine. There he first attracted Adolf Hitler's attention with his report about conditions on the Eastern Front, saying, "As you see My Führer, the Eastern Front is like Swiss cheese, full of holes." Even though he was reprimanded for using informal language, Hitler commended the "liveliness" of his report.

On about 22 July 1944, Wenck was appointed Chief of Operations at OKH, the High Command of the German Army, by Heinz Guderian, who had just been appointed as OKH Chief of Staff by Hitler. He was soon advanced to Chief of Command Staff (Chief of the Führungsstab) an office that replaced Quartermaster General I.

On 13 February 1945, after a long argument, Guderian persuaded Hitler to make Wenck chief of staff of Army Group Vistula (with the power to launch an attack) under Himmler. Wenck's attack was initially successful, but Hitler requested him to attend daily Führer's briefings which forced him to make a daily round trip of 320 kilometres (200 mi). On February 17, 1945, an extremely tired Wenck took the driving wheel from his driver Dorn who had collapsed. Wenck then fell asleep at the wheel and crashed his car off the road. Saved by Dorn, he ended up in the hospital with a fractured skull and five broken ribs. Meanwhile, the attack failed.

On 10 April 1945, Wenck was appointed commander of the German Twelfth Army located to the west of Berlin to guard against the advancing American and British forces. But, as the Western Front moved eastwards and the Eastern Front moved westwards, the German armies making up both fronts backed towards each other. As a result, the area of control of Wenck's army to his rear and east of the Elbe River had become a vast refugee camp for Germans fleeing from the approaching Soviet Army. Wenck took great pains to provide food and lodging for these refugees. At one stage, the Twelfth Army was estimated to be feeding more than a quarter of a million people every day.

### Battle of Berlin

On 21 April, Hitler ordered Waffen SS *Obergruppenführer* Felix Steiner to attack the forces of Soviet Marshal Georgy Zhukov's 1st Belorussian Front. Zhukov's forces were encircling Berlin from the north, while the forces of Soviet Marshal Ivan Konev's 1st Ukrainian Front were encircling from the south. Steiner was to attack Zhukov with his Army Detachment Steiner. With few operational tanks and roughly a division's worth of infantry, Steiner requested that his "army" be allowed to retreat instead of attacking.

On 22 April, as Steiner retreated, Wenck's 12th Army became part of an unrealistic and poorly planned attempt by Hitler to save Berlin from encirclement. Under suggestion of *Generaloberst* Alfred Jodl, Wenck was ordered to disengage the Americans to his west and, attacking to the east, link up with the Ninth Army of *General der Infanterie* Theodor Busse. Together, they would attack the Soviets encircling Berlin from the west and from the south. Meanwhile, the XLI Panzer Corps under General Rudolf Holste would attack the Soviets from the north.

Wenck's forces attacked towards Berlin, but they were halted outside of Potsdam by strong Soviet resistance. Neither Busse nor Holste made much progress towards Berlin. By the end of the day on 27 April, the Soviet forces encircling Berlin linked up and the forces inside the city were cut off.

During the night of 28 April, Wenck reported to the German Supreme Army Command in Fuerstenberg that his Twelfth Army had been forced back along the entire front. According to Wenck, no attack on Berlin was possible as support from Busse's Ninth Army could no longer be expected. Instead, starting April 24, Wenck moved his army towards the Forest of Halbe, broke into the Halbe pocket and linked up with the remnants of the Ninth Army, Hellmuth Reymann's "Army Group Spree," and the Potsdam garrison. Wenck brought his army, remnants of the Ninth Army, and many civilian refugees across the Elbe and into territory occupied by the U.S. Army.

According to Antony Beevor, Wenck's eastward attack toward Berlin was aimed specifically at providing the population and garrison of Berlin with an escape route to areas occupied by U.S. forces: "Comrades, you've got to go in once more," Wenck said. "It's not about Berlin any more, it's not about the Reich any more." Their task was to save people from the fighting and the Russians. Wenck's leadership struck a powerful chord, even if the reactions varied between those who believed in a humanitarian operation and those keener to surrender to the Western allies instead of the Russians. According to Randall Hansen, Wenck's actions, with the help of luck and U.S. General William Simpson, successfully evacuated a large number of troops and civilians (variously estimated from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands), with Wenck himself being one of the last who crossed the river.

## Later life and death

Wenck was taken prisoner by the U.S. Army. He was released in 1947, and then began a second career as an industrialist. During the 1950s, he worked as the managing director of Dr. C. Otto & Comp., a producer of industrial ovens, and in the 1960s as the director of the Diehl Group, an arms manufacturer.

In 1957, he was invited to become Inspector General of the Bundeswehr, but refused after being informed that his requirements, such as turning the office into that of Commander-in-chief, could not be met.

In Cornelius Ryan's 1966 epic *The Last Battle* he was listed as a contributor.

On 1 May 1982, Wenck died while on a trip to Austria, when his car collided with a tree. He was buried in his hometown of Bad Rothenfelde in Lower Saxony a few days later.

## Awards

### Citations

### Bibliography

* Beevor, Antony (2002). *Berlin, The Downfall 1945*. Viking.
* O'Reilly, Bill; Dugard, Martin (2014). *Killing Patton: the strange death of World War II's most audacious general*. Henry Holt and Company, New York. ISBN 978-0-8050-9668-2. OCLC 881469212.
* Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). *Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II* \[*The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2*\] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
* Ryan, Cornelius (1966). *Last Battle*. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 443.
* Scherzer, Veit (2007). *Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives* \[*The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives*\] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.

## InfoBox

| Walther Wenck | |
| --- | --- |
| Wenck in 1943 | |
| Nickname(s) | Boy General |
| Born | (1900-09-18)18 September 1900
Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Province of Saxony, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire |
| Died | 1 May 1982(1982-05-01) (aged 81)
near Ried im Innkreis, Bezirk Ried im Innkreis, Upper Austria, Austria |
| Allegiance | Weimar Republic (1920–1933)
Nazi Germany (1933–1945) |
| Service/branch | Reichsheer
German Army |
| Years of service | 1920–45 |
| Rank | General der Panzertruppe |
| Commands | 12th Army |
| Battles/wars | World War I (noncombat)
World War II |
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
| Other work | Arms Manufacturing |


title: Inez Nathaniel-Walker

abstract: Inez Nathaniel-Walker (1911-1990) was a self-taught African-American folk artist.

text:
# Inez Nathaniel-Walker

**Inez Nathaniel-Walker** (née **Stedman**) (1911-1990) was a self-taught African-American folk artist.

## Biography

Born into poverty in Sumter, South Carolina, Inez was orphaned at an early age, and married at 12 or 13. She moved to Philadelphia during the Great Migration to escape the harsh reality of intense farm work. In 1949, she moved to Port Byron, New York, where she worked in an apple processing plant. She was convicted of criminally negligent homicide after killing a man who abused her and imprisoned in Bedford Hills Correctional Prison from 1971 to 1973. After her prison sentence, she moved back to Port Byron. It was during her incarceration that she began to draw on the back of any paper she found to distance herself from the inmates who she called the "bad girls." She drew prolifically, filling dozens of notebooks in a few months until her release.

## Career

While incarcerated, Nathaniel-Walker's work attracted the attention of Elizabeth Bayley, one of Inez' prison teachers, who provided her with drawing paper, notebooks, and pencils. Mrs. Bayley also showed the drawings to a local folk art dealer, who later received the artist's sketch books.

Nathaniel-Walker's drawings are almost exclusively portraits of women. The works, executed in color pen, pencil, and ink, are characterized by a great profusion of embellished detail. The faces are shown in strict frontal or profile view with exaggerated eyes. The figures often wear clothes that were part of Inez's wardrobe. Of her process she said, "I don't look at nothing to draw by. I can't look at nobody and draw. I just draw by my own mission. I just sit down and start drawing."

Her work has been shown at the Akron Art Institute, the Corcoran Gallery, and Musée Art et Marges in Brussels. Several of her drawings were also featured in the landmark exhibition, "Black Folk Art in America: 1930-1980." Her work is currently held in several prominent museum collections including the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the American Folk Art Museum, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, and the High Museum.

## InfoBox

| Inez Nathaniel-Walker | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Inez Stedman
1911 (1911)
Sumter, South Carolina |
| Died | 1990 (aged 7879) |
| Nationality | American |
| Known for | folk artist |


title: Hispaniolan oriole

abstract: The Hispaniolan oriole is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola.

text:
# Hispaniolan oriole

The **Hispaniolan oriole** (***Icterus dominicensis***) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (split between the Dominican Republic and Haiti).

## Taxonomy

In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the Hispaniolan oriole in his *Ornithologie* based on a specimen collected on the French colony of Saint-Domingue on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. He used the French name *Le carouge de S. Domingue* and the Latin name *Xanthornus Dominicensis*. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his *Systema Naturae* for the twelfth edition in 1766, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson, with one of them being the Hispaniolan oriole. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name *Oriolus dominicensis* and cited Brisson's work. This species is now placed in the genus *Icterus* that was also introduced by Brisson.

The Hispaniolan oriole was once identified as a distinct species. However, in 1936, American ornithologist James Bond grouped it, the Cuban oriole (*Icterus melanopsis*), the Bahama oriole (*I. northropi*), and the Puerto Rican oriole (*I. portoricensis*) into a single species according to the biological species concept in his book “Birds of the West Indies.” The orioles used to be considered the Greater Antillean or black-cowled oriole group, but in 2010, the American Ornithologist' Union declared the four subspecies as full species.

## Description

The Hispaniolan oriole is a slender-billed black and yellow oriole that lacks white markings on the wings. It shows more yellow than most Caribbean orioles, except for the Bahama oriole (*Icterus northropi*). The adult males and females are black overall, with distinctive yellow patches on shoulders, rump, and under-tail coverts extending to the lower breast. Like most tropical oriole species, the females are similar or identical to the males in coloring. In juvenile Hispaniolan orioles, the upper parts are mainly olive, while the underparts are dull yellow. The wings are black, and the throat is sometimes a black or reddish-brown that is not clearly demarcated. The length of the Hispaniolan oriole is an average of 20–22 cm, with males weighing 35–38 g while the females weigh 33–40 g. A similar species that is often mistaken for the Hispaniolan oriole is the yellow-shouldered blackbird (*Agelaius xanthomus*), which is a similar size but only has yellow patches on the shoulders.

## Vocalization

The call of the Hispaniolan oriole is described as a sharp *keck* or *check*. The song is rarely heard, and is a series of high-pitched whistles. The song is usually given after dawn, but is almost never heard in the daytime, which is similar to the Puerto Rican oriole (*Icterus portoricensis*). It is known that females of other oriole species sing, but songs by female Hispaniolan orioles have not been identified.

## Habitat

The Hispaniolan oriole is a year-round endemic to the island of Hispaniola (in both the Dominican Republic and Haiti), as well as the nearby islands of Gonâve, Saona, and Tortuga. It resides in tropical and subtropical forests, forest edges, woodlands, and gardens, from the coast to mid-elevations in mountains. However, it is not as common at higher elevations. They are commonly found where palm fronds are available for nesting, and are also found on the many shaded coffee plantations on the island. The Hispaniolan oriole seems to be rare in Hispaniolan pine (*Pinus occidentalis*) forests, in the highlands of the Dominican Republic; however, other species of orioles, such as the Bahama oriole, have been documented nesting in pine forests. Since there has been no published population assessment, there is a possibility that the Hispaniolan oriole can be found nesting in pine forests.

## Feeding

The diet of the Hispaniolan oriole consists of fruits, insects, flowers, and nectar. They often consume the nectar of the *Erythrina* plant. The orioles can hang upside-down to reach foods or insects on the underside of leaves. They are often found foraging in dense vegetation.

## Nesting

The Hispaniolan oriole's breeding season is from March to June, although it can breed irregularly at other times of the year. The eggs are white, with a pale blue hue, and have dark brown spots. On average, the clutch size is 3 eggs. They usually make their nest on the underside of banana trees or palm fronds. The nest is a hanging basket made from finely woven plant fibers, mainly from palm leaves. When fledglings become fully independent, they undergo pre-basic molts. Usually, the entire body plumage and wing-coverts are replaced.

## Conservation

The status of the Hispaniolan oriole is listed as “Least Concern” on the IUCN Red List. Although there have been no published population assessments, there are numerous observations of the oriole all throughout the island. There is a possibility that the population could decline because of increased brood parasitism from the recently arrived shiny cowbird (*Molothrus bonariensis*). They have been described as the “highest quality” host for the cowbird on the island.

## InfoBox

| Hispaniolan oriole | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Icteridae |
| Genus: | *Icterus* |
| Species: | ***I. dominicensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Icterus dominicensis***
(Linnaeus, 1766) | |
|
|  | |
| Synonyms | |
| *Oriolus dominicensis* Linnaeus, 1766 | |


title: Moonee Valley Coaches

abstract: Moonee Valley Coaches is a bus and coach charter operator in Melbourne, Australia. Until March 2024 it operated two route services under contract to Public Transport Victoria.

text:
# Moonee Valley Coaches

**Moonee Valley Coaches** is a bus and coach charter operator in Melbourne, Australia. Until March 2024 it operated two route services under contract to Public Transport Victoria.

## History

In 1964 Ray Higginson bought a bus serving Dawson Street, Brunswick. By 1966, the business was named Moonee Valley Bus Lines, and in 1969, a partnership with Joe Bellafiori was formed.

Charter services commenced in 1968, expanding to Australia wide touring and camping tours in 1970 when the first new dedicated charter coach was bought. The early 1970s saw more expansion with the purchase of Nuline Bus Service, Caulfield. In 1985, the partnership was dissolved with Bellafiori taking Nuline Bus Service and Higginson Moonee Valley. In 1987, Cunningham Bus Lines was purchased with route 503 Essendon station to Brunswick East.

In November 2014, a heritage museum was established within the company's Tullamarine depot.

Two route services, 503 Essendon station to Brunswick East and 506 Moonee Ponds Junction to Westgarth. were operated under contract to Public Transport Victoria until sold to Dysons with 11 vehicles on 1 March 2024.

## Fleet

As at February 2024, the fleet consisted of 37 buses and coaches. Fleet livery is white with red stripes and blue signwriting while some new route buses carry the Public Transport Victoria orange and white livery.

## InfoBox

Moonee Valley Coaches
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Volgren bodied Mercedes-Benz O405NH at Moonee Ponds Junction in October 2012 | |
| Parent | Higginson family |
| Commenced operation | 1964 |
| Headquarters | Tullamarine |
| Service area | North Melbourne |
| Service type | Bus & coach operator |
| Routes | 2 |
| Fleet | 37 (February 2024) |
| Website | www.mooneevalleybus.com.au |


title: PS, I Scored the Bridesmaids

abstract: PS, I Scored The Bridesmaids is a 2005 novel by Irish journalist and author Paul Howard, and the fourth in the Ross O'Carroll-Kelly series. The title refers to the novel PS, I Love You by Cecelia Ahern.

text:
# PS, I Scored the Bridesmaids

***PS, I Scored The Bridesmaids*** is a 2005 novel by Irish journalist and author Paul Howard, and the fourth in the Ross O'Carroll-Kelly series. The title refers to the novel *PS, I Love You* by Cecelia Ahern.

## Plot

Ross' request for Sorcha's hand in marriage is finally accepted. At the wedding comes a shocking revelation: Ross is already a father to a son he knew nothing about.

## Reception

The book was a bestseller. In the *Irish Independent*, Celia Keenan commented that "though read chiefly by young adults, \[it\] is not of course marketed for them. Parents may not approve, but in the way that these books capture and make fun of some of the more unpleasant aspects of modern urban life their heart is surely in the right place." In the same paper, Eoghan Harris called it a "hilarious saga of the southside Dublin bourgeoisie" and "an acute insight into issues of pronunciation and class."

## InfoBox

PS, I Scored The Bridesmaids
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Paul Howard |
| Illustrator | Alan Clarke |
| Cover artist | Alan Clarke |
| Language | English |
| Series | Ross O'Carroll-Kelly |
| Publisher | The O'Brien Press |
| Publication date | April 2005 |
| Publication place | Ireland |
| Media type | Paperback |
| Pages | 272 |
| ISBN | 0862788900 |
| Dewey Decimal | 823.92 |
| LC Class | PR6108 .O93 |
| Preceded by | *The Orange Mocha-Chip Frappuccino Years* |
| Followed by | *The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nightdress* |


title: Prelà

abstract: Prelà is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Imperia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 497 and an area of 15.4 square kilometres (5.9 sq mi). Prelà borders the following municipalities: Borgomaro, Carpasio, Dolcedo, Montalto Ligure, and Vasia.

text:
# Prelà

**Prelà** is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Imperia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 497 and an area of 15.4 square kilometres (5.9 sq mi).

Prelà borders the following municipalities: Borgomaro, Carpasio, Dolcedo, Montalto Ligure, and Vasia.

## Demographic evolution

## Twin towns — sister cities

Prelà is twinned with:

1. "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
2. "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
3. All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.

## InfoBox

| Prelà | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Prelà | |
| San Giovanni del Grappo Church | |
|  | |
| Location of Prelà | |
| PrelàLocation of Prelà in ItalyPrelàPrelà (Liguria) | |
| Coordinates: 0143°56′N 7°57′E / 43.933°N 7.950°E / 43.933; 7.950 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Liguria |
| Province | Province of Imperia (IM) |
| Area | |
| Total | 15.4 km2 (5.9 sq mi) |
| Population (Dec. 2004) | |
| Total | 497 |
| Density | 32/km2 (84/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 18020 |
| Dialing code | 0196 |


title: Argus 110 hp

abstract: The Argus 110 hp aircraft engine, aka Argus Type III, from 1912 was a six-cylinder, water cooled inline engine built by the German Argus Motoren company.

text:
# Argus 110 hp

The **Argus 110 hp** aircraft engine, aka **Argus Type III** (not As.III), from 1912 was a six-cylinder, water cooled inline engine built by the German Argus Motoren company.

## Design and development

The first known six-cylinder aircraft engine produced by Argus Motoren has been mentioned in the submissions to the Kaiserpreis contest for aviation engines which was held in 1912/13. The list of submissions states the engine having a nominal rating of 110 hp (82 kW), with a bore of 125 mm (4.92 in) and a stroke of 130 mm (5.12 in). In the contest it developed 103.5 hp (77.2 kW) at 1,370 rpm while weighing 205.55 kg (453 lb).

The general design of the engine was carried over from the preceding four-cylinder Argus engines, particularly the 70 hp (52 kW) Argus engine, with which it shared the same cylinder dimensions: the engine cylinders were of cast iron, cast in pairs of two cylinders, with the cooling jackets integral in the casting. There were two overhead valves per cylinder, which were operated via pushrods and rocker arms from the camshaft on the left side of the engine. The intake valves were oriented to the center of each cylinder pair, and their intake ducts were conjoined within the casting into a single external port facing to the left side of the engine.

A design improvement over preceding Argus engines was the concentration of the oil pump together with the water pump and magneto at the rear of the engine. The centrifugal water pump was relocated from the left to the right side of the engine, where it was driven from the crankshaft via spur gears, with the magneto driven from the same layshaft. The oil pump was driven by the camshaft.

While the engine had two spark plugs per cylinder, it still had just a single magneto, with the lack of an independent second magneto on Argus' contemporary engines being criticized in reports for the prize contest.

## Applications

## Specifications

*Data from* *Bendemann*

### General characteristics

* **Type:** six-cylinder, water-cooled in-line piston engine
* **Bore:** 125 mm (4.92 in) (other sources state 124 mm (4.88 in))
* **Stroke:** 130 mm (5.12 in)
* **Dry weight:** 205.55 kg (453 lb)

### Components

* **Cooling system:** Water-cooled

### Performance

* **Power output:** 103.5 hp (77.2 kW) at 1,370 rpm

**Related development**

**Related lists**

### Notes

### Bibliography

* Bendemann, F.; Seppeler, E. (1914). "Die Durchführung und das Ergebnis des Wettbewerbes um den Kaiserpreis für den besten deutschen Flugzeugmotor". *Jahrbuch der Deutschen Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt, erster Band 1912-1913* (in German). Berlin: Stilke: 149–223. OCLC 33917232.

## InfoBox

| Argus 110 hp | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Argus 110/103.5 hp aircraft engine, depicted in the reports to the *Kaiserpreis* aero-engine contest | |
| Type | Piston inline aero engine |
| National origin | Germany |
| Manufacturer | Argus Motoren |
| First run | c.1912 |
| Developed into | Argus 115 hp |


title: Hanna Krall

abstract: Hanna Krall is a Polish writer with a degree in journalism from the University of Warsaw, specializing among other subjects in the history of the Holocaust in occupied Poland.

text:
# Hanna Krall

**Hanna Krall** (born 1935) is a Polish writer with a degree in journalism from the University of Warsaw, specializing among other subjects in the history of the Holocaust in occupied Poland.

## Personal life

Krall is of Jewish origin, the daughter of Salomon Krall and Felicia Jadwiga *née* Reichold. She was born in Warsaw, Poland, but her date of birth is contested between 20 May 1935 and 20 May 1937. She was four years old, living in Lublin, when World War II began with the Nazi German invasion of Poland. Krall lost most of her close relatives in the Holocaust, including her mother and father, who were murdered in Majdanek. She survived deportations to death camps only because she was hidden from the Germans by the Polish rescuers. After the war, she stayed in her childhood home in Otwock until going to the University of Warsaw for her education from 1951-1955.

She is married to reporter Jerzy Szperkowicz and together have one daughter, Katarzyna.

## Career

### Journalism

After Krall finished her studies in journalism, she started working for the Polish local paper *Życie Warszawy* ("Warsaw Life") from 1955 to 1966. She debuted her first article In 1966, she left the paper and began to write for the well known magazine *Polityka* ("Politics"). In 1981, Wojciech Jaruzelski, then Prime Minister of the former People's Republic of Poland, declared martial law, Krall was forced to leave *Polityka.* Afterwards, she worked as a freelance writer for the rest of the decade, writing articles for the Catholic newsletter *Tygodnik Powszechny**.* In the early 90s, after the fall of Communism, she started writing articles for the *Gazeta Wyborcza,* under Adam Michnik.

### Books

During Krall's time working for *Polityka*, she published her first book named *Na wschód od Arbatu* ("Heading east from Arbat") in 1972, written after she spent several years as a correspondent in Moscow. The book depicted day-to-day life in Moscow during the 1960s.

Commercial success came with the publication of the 1977 *Zdążyć przed Panem Bogiem* (engl. title: *Shielding the Flame*). The book is based on an interview with a Polish Jewish cardiologist and social activist, Marek Edelman, who was one of the founders of Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa (Jewish Combat Organization) and who took over its leadership after the head-commander Mordechai Anielewicz had perished. '*Shielding the Flame* can be seen as a model for most of Krall's works. Krall describes the relations between Jews, Poles and Germans during the Holocaust and the years thereafter.

Her most famous success *Król kier znów na wylocie* ("Chasing the King of Hearts") has been translated into 17 languages an earned many awards since its publication in 2006, including the German Würth Preis for European Literature 2012 and the Found in Translation Award 2014.

Apart from the central Holocaust theme, Krall's writings also reflect her search for her own identity, as can be seen very clearly in *Dowody na istnienie* ("Evidence for Existence"). Another theme in this book is the often complicated destiny of the Polish people in history and the influence of the past on people's lives in the present. Krall was a friend of Krzysztof Kieślowski and Krzysztof Piesiewicz, and inspired *Decalogue Number 8* in the series of films made by these two men.

Her publication *Widok z okna na pierwszym piętrze (*engl. title: *View from the Window on the First Floor)* was a collaboration for the film *Krótki Dzień* *Pracy* (1981) by Kieślowski.

Her works have been translated into many languages and have received the most recognition in Germany and Sweden. The Belarusian 2015 Nobel Laureate Svetlana Alexievich described Krall as a key influence. Krall was a member of the Polish Writer's Union (Polish: *Związek Literatów Polskich, ZLP*) from 1978 to 1983 and the *Stowarzyszenie Pisarzy Polskich* (Polish Writer's Association) from 1989 to 2020.

List of Publications
| Polish Title | English title | Year/ City of Publication |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *Gra o moje życie* | My Life at Stake | Warsaw, *Polityka*, 1968 |
| *Na Wschód od Arbatu* | Heading East from Arbat | Warsaw, 1972 |
| *Dojrzałość dostępna dla wszystkich* | Maturity Available for Everyone | Warsaw, 1977 |
| *Zdążyć przed Panem Bogiem* | Shielding the Flame | Kraków, 1977 |
| *Sześć odcieni bieli* | Six Shades of White | Warsaw, 1978 |
| *Subloklatorka* | The Subtenant | Paris, 1985 |
| *Hipnoza* | Hypnosis | Warsaw, 1989 |
| *Trudności ze wstawaniem. Okna.* | Problems with Getting Up. Windows. | Warsaw, 1990 |
| *Taniec na cudzym weselu* | Dancing at Someone Else’s Wedding | Warsaw, 1993 |
| *Co się stało z naszą bajką* | What Happened to Our Fairy Tale | Warsaw, 1994 |
| *Dowody na istnienie* | Evidence for Existence | Poznań, 1996 |
| *Tam już nie ma żadnej rzeki* | There Is No River There Anymore | Kraków, 1998 |
| *To ty jesteś Daniel* | So You are Daniel | Kraków, 2001 |
| *Wyjątkowo długa linia* | An Exceptionally Long Line | Kraków, 2004 |
| *Spokojne niedzielne popołudnie* | A Quiet Sunday Afternoon | Kraków, 2004 |
| *Król kier znów na wylocie* | Chasing the King of Hearts | Warsaw, 2006 |
| *Żal* | Regret | Warsaw, 2007 |
| *Różowe strusie pióra* | Pink Ostrich Feathers | Warsaw, 2009 |
| *Biała Maria* | White Maria | Warsaw, 2011 |
| *Sześć odcieni bieli i inne historie* | Six Shades of White and Other Stories | Warsaw, 2015 |  |

#### Books in English translation

* *Shielding the flame : an intimate conversation with Marek Edelman, the last surviving leader of the Warsaw ghetto uprising*
* *The subtenant / To outwit God* (1992). Includes *Shielding the Flame* titled as *To Outwit God*.
* *To steal a march on God* (1996). Dramatization of *Shielding the Flame*.
* *The woman from Hamburg and other true stories* (2006). Includes *Taniec na cudzym weselu* (Dancing at Someone Else's Wedding) and *Dowody na istnienie* (Proofs of Existence).
* *Chasing the King of Hearts* (2013)

## Awards

Krall has been the recipient of many prestigious awards in Poland and across the world including the Solidarity Cultural Prize (1985), Herder Prize (2005) for her work of autobiographical fiction, *Sublokatorka* (The Subtenant), the Journalist Laurels of the Polish Journalists' Association (2009), the Gold Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis (2014), the Julian Tuwim Literary Award (2014), and the Władysław Reymont Literary Prize (2009). She was also nominated for the Nike Literary Award for *Tam już nie ma żadnej rzeki (1998)* and *Wyjątkowo długa linia (2004)* and the Angelus Central European Literary Award for *Król kier znów na wylocie* (2007)*.*

* Adamczyk-Garbowska, Monika. "Hanna Krall." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. 1 March 2009. Jewish Women's Archive. August 22, 2009
* Schwartz, Matthias: "The Technique of Documenting. On the Early Reportages of Ryszard Kapuściński and Hanna Krall." *Documentary Aesthetics in the Long 1960s in Eastern Europe and Beyond*, ed. by Clemens Günther and Matthias Schwartz. Amsterdam: Brill 2024, 164–185.

## InfoBox

| Hanna Krall | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1935<br>Warsaw, Poland |
| Occupation | novelist, journalist |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Notable awards | Herder Prize, 2005 |


title: Thomas Sautelle Roberts

abstract: Thomas Sautelle Roberts was an Irish landscape artist.

text:
# Thomas Sautelle Roberts

**Thomas Sautelle Roberts** (circa 1760-1826) was an Irish landscape artist.

## Early life and family

Born Sautelle Roberts into a family of artists in Waterford, Roberts the youngest son of architect John Roberts and his wife Mary Susannah Sautelle, who was of Huguenot descent. He had 20 or 23 siblings. After the death of his older brother in 1778, Thomas, he adopted his brother's first name to benefit from his fame as Thomas Sautelle Roberts. He married Hannah Stephens, a daughter of a Waterford merchant, in 1799.

## Career

Roberts initially trained as an architect, articled to master of the architectural drawing school of the Dublin Society, Thomas Ivory. In 1777, Roberts was enrolled in the school of landscape and ornament drawing and the school of figure drawing where he won a medal for draughtsmanship in 1779. Now wanting to become an artist, he likely learnt from copying or finishing his older brother's work. His early architectural training is evident in some of his later street scenes in watercolour. Roberts divided his time between London and Dublin. He exhibited with the Royal Academy between 1789 and 1811, and in 1818, and also exhibited with the British Institution from 1807 to 1818. He was a frequent exhibitor with the Society of Artists of Ireland from 1800 with 15 works, going on to show more tan 60 works between 1800 and 1810.

He held a solo exhibition at the former parliament house, Dublin, in January 1802 of watercolours under the patronage of the viceroy, Lord Hardwicke. These were drawings mostly of County Wicklow for an unrealised project: *Illustrations of the chief sites, rivers and picturesque scenery of the kingdom of Ireland*. At this point he had issued 12 aquatints for this project between 1795 and 1799. Following this exhibition, Roberts focused on oil painting. His work strongly resembled his older brothers, which has led to disputes over attribution. His work is considered less delicate, with his paints applied more heavily. Held in high regard by his contemporaries, he was selected as one of the first 3 members of the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA) at its foundation in 1823. He was a close friend and collaborator with his fellow artists, William Cuming and John Comerford, with Comerford often adding figures to Roberts' landscapes.

## Death and legacy

In 1818, Roberts suffered a severe injury to his shoulder in a coaching accident in London. This left him unable to paint, and resulted in a severe depression. Roberts died by suicide at his home on Richmond Street, Dublin in 1826. Roberts felt neglected as a youngest child, so he left some annuities to the youngest children of his nieces and nephews.

The RHA exhibited some of his works posthumously at their first exhibition, and another 6 paintings at their 1840 show. Hannah, his widow, left 6 paintings to the RHA in her will, and these were shown in 1853. The National Gallery of Ireland hold a number of his watercolours and oils.

## InfoBox

| Thomas Sautelle Roberts | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Sautelle Roberts
circa 1760
Waterford, Ireland |
| Died | 1826(1826-00-00) (aged 65–66)
Dublin |
| Nationality | Irish |
| Known for | landscape painter |


title: PTPN12

abstract: Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN12 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains a C-terminal PEST motif, which serves as a protein–protein interaction domain, and may be related to protein intracellular half-life. This PTP was found to bind and dephosphorylate the product of oncogene c-ABL, thus may play a role in oncogenesis. This PTP was shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate, various of cytoskeleton and cell adhesion molecules, such as p130 (Cas), CAKbeta/PTK2B, PSTPIP1, and paxillin, which suggested its regulatory roles in controlling cell shape and mobility.

text:
# PTPN12

**Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12** is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the *PTPN12* gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains a C-terminal PEST motif, which serves as a protein–protein interaction domain, and may be related to protein intracellular half-life. This PTP was found to bind and dephosphorylate the product of oncogene c-ABL, thus may play a role in oncogenesis. This PTP was shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate, various of cytoskeleton and cell adhesion molecules, such as p130 (Cas), CAKbeta/PTK2B, PSTPIP1, and paxillin, which suggested its regulatory roles in controlling cell shape and mobility.

## Interactions

PTPN12 has been shown to interact with BCAR1, Grb2, PSTPIP1, TGFB1I1, Paxillin and SHC1.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| PTPN12 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Available structures  PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | PTPN12, PTP-PEST, PTPG1, protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 12, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 600079; MGI: 104673; HomoloGene: 37691; GeneCards: PTPN12; OMA:PTPN12 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_001131008
NM\_001131009
NM\_002835   NM\_011203
NM\_001356590
NM\_001356591
NM\_001356592   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001124480
NP\_001124481
NP\_002826   NP\_035333
NP\_001343519
NP\_001343520
NP\_001343521   Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 77.54 – 77.64 Mb Chr 5: 20.99 – 21.06 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Ophélie Claude-Boxberger

abstract: Ophélie Claude-Boxberger, born 18 October 1988 at Montbéliard is a French athlete running for club Belfort Montbeliard Athletics. A specialist in the middle-distance races, she won 4 French Under 23s national championship titles in the 800 m and the 1,500 m and ran internationally twice for France before becoming champion of France Indoors in the 1,500 m and outdoors champion in the 3000m steeplechase. She is the daughter of the distance runner: Jacky Boxberger.

text:
# Ophélie Claude-Boxberger

**Ophélie Claude-Boxberger**, born 18 October 1988 at Montbéliard is a French athlete running for club Belfort Montbeliard Athletics. A specialist in the middle-distance races, she won 4 French Under 23s national championship titles in the 800 m and the 1,500 m and ran internationally twice for France before becoming champion of France Indoors in the 1,500 m and outdoors champion in the 3000m steeplechase.

She is the daughter of the distance runner: Jacky Boxberger.

## Biography

She started athletics in September 2001 after practicing several sports: Dance, horseback riding, tennis, climbing and gymnastics nationally. Among the best French youngsters at 1,000 m (3:03), she focused more on her studies which caused a slow progression in her running. In 2007, she met Laurent Fleury, during a training camp, who became her coach. She had strong progress in 2008 which enabled her to win her first cap for France for an international meet in the 800 m at Lingolsheim.

After spending her early career running the 800 m and having a semi-finalist placing at the 2009 Under 23s European Athletics Championships at kaunas, she changed tack in 2014 deciding to go for longer distances, allowing her to obtain her first French Indoor athletic championship with a record of 4:13.23 in the 1,500 m, at the international meeting of Karlsruhe, just missing out on qualification for the World Indoor Championships. In 2015, she won the title of champion of France for the 3000m steeplechase and became the fourth fastest French runner in history running 9:35.56 at the Ninove meeting on 1 August.

After earning a bachelor of science with honors in 2006, she became professor of physical education after successfully gaining a CAPEPS and a masters in language and speech in 2010 at the University of Besançon.

She was tested positive for erythropoietin (EPO) during a test carried out on 28 September 2019, just before the world athletics championships in Doha where she revealed her affair with the doctor of the French team, Jean -Michel Serra.

## Prize list

### National

| Date | Competition | Location | Result | Event | Temps |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | France Indoor Championships | Aubière | 2nd | 800 m | 2:08.76 |
| 2013 | France Indoor Championships | Aubière | 3rd | 800 m | 2:05.90 |
| 2013 | France Championships | Paris-Charléty | 2nd | 800m | 2:06.64 |
| 2014 | France Indoor Championships | Bordeaux | 1st | 1,500 m | 4:23.71 |
| 2015 | France Championships | Villeneuve-d'Ascq | 1st | 3,000 m steeplechase | 9:59.86 |
| 2015 | France Championships | Villeneuve-d'Ascq | 2nd | 1500m | 4:21.81 |

## Notes and references

## InfoBox

Ophélie Claude-Boxberger
| Claude-Boxberger in 2013 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | French |
| Born | 18 October 1988 (1988-10-18) (age 35)<br>Montbéliard |
| Years active | 2010s |
| Height | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) |
| Weight | 53 kg (117 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Event(s) | 800m, 1500m, 3000m steeplechase |
| Club | Montbéliard Belfort Athlétisme |
| Coached by | Laurent Fleury |


title: Hit Me Anyone One More Time

abstract: Hit Me Anyone One More Time is a 2019 Japanese political and comedy film directed by Kōki Mitani. It stars Kiichi Nakai. Mitani wrote a script for a similar political drama series Sōrito Yobanaide aired on Fuji TV in 1997.

text:
# Hit Me Anyone One More Time

***Hit Me Anyone One More Time*** (Japanese: 記憶にございません!, Hepburn: *Kioku ni Gozaimasen*) is a 2019 Japanese political and comedy film directed by Kōki Mitani. It stars Kiichi Nakai. Mitani wrote a script for a similar political drama series *Sōrito Yobanaide* aired on Fuji TV in 1997.

## Plot

The main character of the film is the prime minister, who is hated by the people as he is a corrupt politician. One day, a stone thrown by a man who hates Prime Minister Keisuke Kuroda hits Kuroda's head, causing memory loss; he wakes up in a hospital. He watches TV and is surprised to find out that he is the prime minister hated by people.

## Cast

## Awards

## Adaptations

In 2024, Takarazuka Revue's Star Troupe will stage a musical production of the film, titled "Hit Me Anyone One More Time -Top Secret-". It will be directed by Masaya Ishida, starring the Star Troupe, including Makoto Rei and Hitomi Maisora.

## InfoBox

| Hit Me Anyone One More Time | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Kōki Mitani |
| Screenplay by | Kōki Mitani |
| Produced by | Kuga Maeda
Kazutoshi Wadakura |
| Starring |  |
| Music by | Kiyoko Ogino |
| Production
company | Toho |
| Distributed by | Toho |
| Release date | * September 13, 2019 (2019-09-13) |
| Running time | 127 minutes |
| Country | Japan |
| Language | Japanese |


title: PIGW

abstract: Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class W is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PIGW gene.

text:
# PIGW

**Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class W** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PIGW gene.

## Function

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) is a complex glycolipid that anchors many proteins to the cell surface. PIGW acts in the third step of GPI biosynthesis and acylates the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol (Murakami et al., 2003 \[PubMed 14517336\]).

## Further reading

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| PIGW | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | PIGW, Gwt1, HPMRS5, phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class W | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 610275; MGI: 1917575; HomoloGene: 6243; GeneCards: PIGW; OMA:PIGW - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_178517
NM\_001346754
NM\_001346755   NM\_001077636
NM\_027388
NM\_001363112   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001333683
NP\_001333684
NP\_848612   NP\_001071104
NP\_081664
NP\_001350041   Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 36.53 – 36.54 Mb Chr 11: 84.77 – 84.77 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Judicial Complaints Reviewer

abstract: The Judicial Complaints Reviewer is a Scottish official who is responsible for reviewing the handling of complaints against the judiciary of Scotland by the Judicial Office for Scotland. The post was established in 2011 as a result of the Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008. The Reviewer is appointed by the Cabinet Secretary for Justice, with the approval of the Lord President of the Court of Session. The Reviewer's services are open to those who have complained about the conduct of a member of the judiciary, and also to members of the judiciary who have been the subject of a complaint. The first Judicial Complaints Reviewer was Moi Ali, 2011-2014. The second was Gillian Thompson, 2014-2017. The third was Ian Gordon OBE, 2017-2022. The current reviewer is James Mollison who took up the role on 1 September 2022.

text:
# Judicial Complaints Reviewer

The **Judicial Complaints Reviewer** is a Scottish official who is responsible for reviewing the handling of complaints against the judiciary of Scotland by the Judicial Office for Scotland. The post was established in 2011 as a result of the Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008. The Reviewer is appointed by the Cabinet Secretary for Justice, with the approval of the Lord President of the Court of Session. The Reviewer's services are open to those who have complained about the conduct of a member of the judiciary, and also to members of the judiciary who have been the subject of a complaint.

The first Judicial Complaints Reviewer was Moi Ali, 2011-2014. The second was Gillian Thompson, 2014-2017. The third was Ian Gordon OBE, 2017-2022. The current reviewer is James Mollison who took up the role on 1 September 2022.

## Remit and jurisdiction

Complaints about the conduct, both within and outwith the courts of Scotland, of judicial officer holders in Scotland are made to the Lord President through the Judicial Office for Scotland. However, the Judicial Office does not consider complaints about judicial decisions which are dealt with through appeals.

The office of the Judicial Complaints Reviewer was established by Section 30 of the Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008 The Reviewer's role is to review how complaints regarding members of the judiciary have been handled by the Judicial Office for Scotland in accordance with the complaint rules laid down by the Lord President. As of May 2017, complaints should be handled in line with Complaints About the Judiciary (Scotland) Rules 2017. She cannot change the outcome of the investigation, overturn a decision, or initiate redress. However, where she finds a fault in the process she passes a referral to the Lord President who then makes decision.

## Judicial Complaints Reviewer

Moi Ali became the first ever JCR on 1 September 2011. She established the office and pushed for greater powers, claiming that the role was "window-dressing" and the judicial watchdog had no teeth. She did not seek reappointment after the end of her three-year term, as she was dissatisfied with the powers of the role. Gillian Thompson became the second Judicial Complaints Reviewer on 1 September 2014, and she too did not serve a second term of office.

## InfoBox

| Judicial Complaints Reviewer | |
| --- | --- |
| Incumbent
James Mollison
since 1 September 2022 | |
| Type | Ombudsman |
| Appointer | Cabinet Secretary for Justice |
| Constituting instrument | Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008 |
| Formation | 2011 |
| First holder | Moi Ali |
| Website | http://www.judicialcomplaintsreviewer.org.uk/ |


title: Argus (programming language)

abstract: Argus is a programming language created at MIT by Barbara Liskov between 1982 and 1988, in collaboration with Maurice Herlihy, Paul Johnson, Robert Scheifler, and William Weihl. It is an extension of the CLU language, and utilizes most of the same syntax and semantics. Argus was designed to support the creation of distributed programs, by encapsulating related procedures within objects called guardians, and by supporting atomic operations called actions.

text:
# Argus (programming language)

**Argus** is a programming language created at MIT by Barbara Liskov between 1982 and 1988, in collaboration with Maurice Herlihy, Paul Johnson, Robert Scheifler, and William Weihl. It is an extension of the CLU language, and utilizes most of the same syntax and semantics. Argus was designed to support the creation of distributed programs, by encapsulating related procedures within objects called *guardians*, and by supporting atomic operations called *actions*.


title: Hanna Krasnapiorka

abstract: Hanna Krasnapiorka, 1925 – 2 May 2000) was a journalist, writer and a survivor of the Minsk Ghetto. Her husband was writer and journalist Uladzimir Miechaŭ.

text:
# Hanna Krasnapiorka

**Hanna Krasnapiorka** (Ганна Давыдаўна Краснапёрка), 1925 – 2 May 2000) was a journalist, writer and a survivor of the Minsk Ghetto. Her husband was writer and journalist Uladzimir Miechaŭ.

## Recognition

In 1998, in Germany, a prize named after Hanna Krasnapiorka was founded (прэмія імя Ганны Краснапёркі premija imia Hanny Krasnapiorki / Anna Krasnopërko-Preis) for recognizing activities in the field of reconciliation between Belarus and Germany.

This prize has been awarded to, among others, Adam Maldzis, historian Hienadź Barkun, poet Alieś Kasko and Head of the Belarusian Great Patriotic War Museum Aljaksandr Uljanovič.

## Writings

## Literature

* Мехов, Владимир. 2001. СКОРБЬ. *Мишпоха*. No 9.
* Toŭscik, Iryna A /Тоусцік, Ірына. 2003. *Anna Krasnapjorka. Ein Leben im Dienste der Aussöhnung / Ганна Краснаперка: жицце у імя прымірэння* \[Hanna Krasnapiorka: A Life in the Service of Reconciliation; translated from the Belarusian into German by Margarita Höckner\]. Berlin: Forschungsstelle Diktatur und Demokratie, Freie Universität Berlin / Берлінскі Свабодны універсітэт, 68pp. ISBN 9783929532616.


title: Thomas Savage, 1st Viscount Savage

abstract: Thomas Savage, 1st Viscount Savage, 2nd Baronet, was an English peer and courtier in the reign of Charles I.

text:
# Thomas Savage, 1st Viscount Savage

**Thomas Savage, 1st Viscount Savage, 2nd Baronet** (c. 1586 – 20 November 1635), was an English peer and courtier in the reign of Charles I.

## Early life

Savage was the eldest son of Sir John Savage (1554 – 1615), 1st Baronet, of Rocksavage in Cheshire and Mary (d. 1635), daughter of Richard Allington. He succeeded his father as 2nd Baronet 7 July 1615.

## Career

In 1616 Savage served as Deputy Lieutenant of Cheshire and was knighted 29 June 1617, in Edinburgh. He was made Steward of the borough of Congleton in January 1625; First Commissioner of Trade in 1626; Commissioner to advise as to ways and means of increasing the King's revenue in July 1626, and for the sale of the King's lands, 15 September in the same year. On 4 November 1626 he was created **Viscount Savage**. He was appointed Chancellor to the Queen Consort in 1628 and her Councillor in 1634. He was also Ranger of Delamere Forest in Cheshire.

## Marriage and issue

He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Darcy, 1st Earl Rivers and Mary Kitson, on 14 May 1602. The couple had eleven sons and eight daughters:

## Death and succession

By special remainder, Savage was made heir to his father-in-law's titles, but did not live to inherit them. He died 20 November of "the running gout" at his home on Tower Hill in London and was buried 16 December 1635 in the Savage family chapel in Macclesfield, Cheshire. He was buried on the same day as his mother; only ten of his nineteen children were still living at the time of his death. His eldest son, John, succeeded him as 2nd Viscount Savage, later becoming 2nd Earl Rivers on the death of his maternal grandfather in 1640. His widow was created, on 21 April 1641, Countess Rivers for life, fourteen months after her father's death. She died 9 March 1651 and was buried at St. Osyth's, Essex.

* Boothman, Lyn; Parker, Richard Hyde (2006). *Savage Fortune: An Aristocratic Family in the Early Seventeenth Century*. Suffolk Records Society. Vol. 49. Woodbridge: Boydell; Suffolk Records Society. ISBN 1843831996.
* Burke, John; Burke, Bernard (1844). *A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland* (2nd ed.). London: John Russell Smith.
* Cokayne, G. E. (1949). White, Geoffrey H. (ed.). *The Complete Peerage; or, a History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times*. Vol. XI. London: St Catherine Press.
* Kyle, Chris (2010). "Savage, John (1603-1654), of Rock Savage, Cheshire". In Thrush, Andrew; Ferris, John P. (eds.). *The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1604-1629*. historyofparliamentonline.org.
* Mimardière, A.M. (1981). "Savage, John (1554-1615), of Clifton, Cheshire". In Hasler, P.W. (ed.). *The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558-1603*. historyofparliamentonline.org.
* Ormerod, George; Helsby, Thomas (1882). *The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester ..*. Vol. II (2nd ed.). London: George Routledge and Sons. OCLC 1128347313.
* Savage-Armstrong, George Francis (1888). *The Ancient and Noble Family of the Savages of the Ards, with Sketches of English and American Branches of the House of Savage*. London: Marcus Ward & Co.
* Walter, John (3 January 2008). "Savage \[*née* Darcy\], Elizabeth, *suo jure* Countess Rivers". *Oxford Dictionary of National Biography* (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/69349. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

## InfoBox

| The Right Horourable
The Viscount Savage
Bt Kt | |
| --- | --- |
| *Thomas Savage, 1st Viscount Savage (1586-1635)*,
by Cornelius Johnson (1593-1661) | |
| Coat of arms |  |
| Born | Thomas Savage
c.1586
Rocksavage, Cheshire |
| Died | 20 November 1635(1635-00-00) (aged 48–49)
Tower Hill, London |
| Buried | St Michael and All Angels' Church, Macclesfield
53°15′37″N 2°07′28″W / 53.2603°N 2.1244°W / 53.2603; -2.1244 |
| Residence | Melford Hall |
| Noble family | Savage family |
| Spouse(s) | Elizabeth Darcy
(m. 1602) |
| Issue |  |
| Father | Sir John Savage |
| Mother | Mary Allington |
| Occupation | Courtier |


title: PTP4A3

abstract: Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTP4A3 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a small class of prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). PTPs are cell signaling molecules that play regulatory roles in a variety of cellular processes. This class of PTPs contain a PTP domain and a characteristic C-terminal prenylation motif. Studies of this class of PTPs in mice demonstrated that they were prenylated proteins in vivo, which suggested their association with cell plasma membrane. Overexpression of this gene in mammalian cells was reported to inhibit angiotensin-II induced cell calcium mobilization and promote cell growth. Two alternatively spliced variants exist.

text:
# PTP4A3

**Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 3** is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the *PTP4A3* gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a small class of prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). PTPs are cell signaling molecules that play regulatory roles in a variety of cellular processes. This class of PTPs contain a PTP domain and a characteristic C-terminal prenylation motif. Studies of this class of PTPs in mice demonstrated that they were prenylated proteins in vivo, which suggested their association with cell plasma membrane. Overexpression of this gene in mammalian cells was reported to inhibit angiotensin-II induced cell calcium mobilization and promote cell growth. Two alternatively spliced variants exist.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| PTP4A3 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Available structures  PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | PTP4A3, PRL-3, PRL-R, PRL3, protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 3, protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 606449; MGI: 1277098; HomoloGene: 22500; GeneCards: PTP4A3; OMA:PTP4A3 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_007079
NM\_032611   NM\_001166388
NM\_001166389
NM\_001166390
NM\_008975
NM\_001357591   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_009010
NP\_116000   NP\_001159860
NP\_001159861
NP\_001159862
NP\_033001
NP\_001344520   Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 141.39 – 141.43 Mb Chr 15: 73.59 – 73.63 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Wangen-Brüttisellen

abstract: Wangen-Brüttisellen is a municipality in the district of Uster in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland, located in the Glatt Valley.

text:
# Wangen-Brüttisellen

**Wangen-Brüttisellen** is a municipality in the district of Uster in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland, located in the Glatt Valley (German: *Glattal*).

## History

Brüttisellen is first mentioned in 1148 as *Britisseldon*. In 1242 it was mentioned as *Wangen apud Glatto*.

Wangen-Brüttisellen now incorporates Wangen bei Dübendorf, which was at one time a separate town.

## Geography

Wangen-Brüttisellen has an area of 7.9 km2 (3.1 sq mi). Of this area, 46.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 26.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 26.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.3%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). In 1996 housing and buildings made up 13.3% of the total area, while transportation infrastructure made up the rest (13%). Of the total unproductive area, water (streams and lakes) made up 0.3% of the area. As of 2007 21.6% of the total municipal area was undergoing some type of construction.

## Demographics

Wangen-Brüttisellen has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 8,000. As of 2007, 24.3% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. As of 2008 the gender distribution of the population was 50.5% male and 49.5% female. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 30%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (81.5%), with Italian being second most common (5.3%) and Albanian being third (2.8%).

In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 44% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS (15.3%), the FDP (13.4%) and the CSP (10.2%).

The age distribution of the population (as of 2000) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 25.8% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 66.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 8%. In Wangen-Brüttisellen about 74.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a *Fachhochschule*). There are 2498 households in Wangen-Brüttisellen.

Wangen-Brüttisellen has an unemployment rate of 2.88%. As of 2005, there were 84 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 24 businesses involved in this sector. 1,061 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 86 businesses in this sector. 2,184 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 242 businesses in this sector. As of 2007 69.2% of the working population were employed full-time, and 30.8% were employed part-time.

As of 2008 there were 2,173 Catholics and 2,397 Protestants in Wangen-Brüttisellen. In the 2000 census, religion was broken down into several smaller categories. From the census, 40.2% were some type of Protestant, with 37.8% belonging to the Swiss Reformed Church and 2.4% belonging to other Protestant churches. 32.7% of the population were Catholic. Of the rest of the population, 10.6% belonged to another religion (not listed), 3.5% did not give a religion, and 12.2% were atheist or agnostic.

### Timeline

## Economy

Skyguide maintains an air traffic control center at Wangen bei Dübendorf.

## InfoBox

| Wangen-Brüttisellen | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Town center of Wangen bei Dübendorf, part of Wangen-Brüttisellen | |
|  | |
| Location of Wangen-Brüttisellen | |
| Wangen-BrüttisellenWangen-Brüttisellen | |
| Coordinates: 47°25′N 8°39′E / 47.417°N 8.650°E / 47.417; 8.650 | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Zurich |
| District | Uster |
| Area | |
| Total | 7.90 km2 (3.05 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 465 m (1,526 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2018) | |
| Total | 7,904 |
| Density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 8602 Wangen, 8306 Brüttisellen |
| SFOS number | 0200 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-ZH |
| Surrounded by | Bassersdorf, Dietlikon, Dübendorf, Lindau, Volketswil |
| Website | www.wangen-bruettisellen.ch
SFSO statistics |


title: IndieAuth

abstract: IndieAuth is an open standard decentralized authentication protocol that uses OAuth 2.0 and enables services to verify the identity of a user represented by a URL, as well as to obtain an access token, that can be used to access resources under the control of the user. IndieAuth is developed in the IndieWeb community and was published as a W3C Note. It was published as a W3C Note by the Social Web Working Group due to lacking the time needed to formally progress it to a W3C recommendation, despite having several interoperable implementations.

text:
# IndieAuth

**IndieAuth** is an open standard decentralized authentication protocol that uses OAuth 2.0 and enables services to verify the identity of a user represented by a URL, as well as to obtain an access token, that can be used to access resources under the control of the user.

IndieAuth is developed in the IndieWeb community and was published as a W3C Note. It was published as a W3C Note by the Social Web Working Group due to lacking the time needed to formally progress it to a W3C recommendation, despite having several interoperable implementations.

## Implementations


title: Mor Karbasi

abstract: Mor Karbasi is a singer-songwriter born in Jerusalem, and now based in Seville after five years in London. One of her main projects is Ladino music, also known as Judezmo, Spanyolit, or Sephardic—the ancient language and music of the exiled Jews of Portugal and Spain. She writes original material, as well as singing traditional songs. She has been compared to Mariza and Yasmin Levy, but has a strongly individual sound, whichever type of music she sings. Karbasi's heritage is mixed Iranian (paternal) and Moroccan (maternal), and according to her Moroccan Jewish grandfather, "the blood remembers," meaning that before this her ancestors came from Spain. Her connection to this culture is expressed passionately through her music. Her family name Karbasi means "canvas" in Persian.

text:
# Mor Karbasi

**Mor Karbasi** (born April 23, 1986) is a singer-songwriter born in Jerusalem, and now based in Seville after five years in London.

One of her main projects is Ladino music, also known as Judezmo, Spanyolit, or Sephardic—the ancient language and music of the exiled Jews of Portugal and Spain. She writes original material, as well as singing traditional songs. She has been compared to Mariza and Yasmin Levy, but has a strongly individual sound, whichever type of music she sings.

Karbasi's heritage is mixed Iranian (paternal) and Moroccan (maternal), and according to her Moroccan Jewish grandfather, "the blood remembers," meaning that before this her ancestors came from Spain. Her connection to this culture is expressed passionately through her music. Her family name Karbasi means "canvas" in Persian.

## Musical career

Karbasi's concert appearances include: Tours of Europe and USA, including appearances on London's Trafalgar Square open air stage (2006 and 2007), festival performances (Womad Festival 2007 Charlton Park, and Las Palmas-Canary Islands, Celtic Connections 2009). TV and Radio broadcasts on National French TV and BBC radio. Her first album, *The Beauty and the Sea*, was reviewed in The Guardian newspaper. The review called her "one of the great young divas of the global music scene."

She has also made guest appearances with groups having compatible styles, Koby Israelite, Baroque fusion 'Eclipse', Rai band Ludomix, the Pena Flamenco de Israel.

In 2017 Mor joined Swiss-based world music band Beyond, participating in their fourth album Awakening.

## Discography

* Earlier work includes a self-produced CD called "Broken Wings", and a four track EP called "Rosa".
* The Beauty and the Sea \[2008\]
* Daughter of the Spring \[2011\]
* La Tsadika (The Ballad For Sol) \[2013\]
* Ojos De Novia (Eyes of a Bride) \[2016\]

## Traditional influences

Mor Karbasi collects and sings songs in Ladino, as well as European and Latin American folk, also Andalucian music sung in Hebrew with Arabic melodies and scales. The latter is called Piyyutim, and is a type of prayer traditionally only sung by men.

## InfoBox

| Mor Karbasi | |
| --- | --- |
| Mor Karbasi | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Mor Karbasi |
| Born | (1986-04-23) April 23, 1986 |
| Origin | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Genres | World music, Sephardic music |
| Occupation(s) | Singer, songwriter |
| Years active | 2008–present |
| Labels | Gibralter |
|  | |
| Website | www.morkarbasi.com |


title: PIGV

abstract: GPI mannosyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PIGV gene.

text:
# PIGV

**GPI mannosyltransferase 2** is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the *PIGV* gene.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| PIGV | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | PIGV, GPI-MT-II, HPMRS1, PIG-V, phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class V | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 610274; MGI: 2442480; HomoloGene: 5354; GeneCards: PIGV; OMA:PIGV - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_017837
NM\_001202554   NM\_001145955
NM\_001145956
NM\_178698
NM\_001356466   RefSeq (protein)      NP\_001139427
NP\_001139428
NP\_848813
NP\_001343395   Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 26.79 – 26.8 Mb Chr 4: 133.39 – 133.4 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


abstract: The Judicial Compensation and Benefits Commission is a Canadian commission that recommends judicial salaries for federally appointed judges. The commission was created in 1999 by the government of Prime Minister Jean Chrétien, under the Judges Act. This was prompted by the Provincial Judges Reference (1997), an opinion by the Supreme Court of Canada, although the federal government itself was not bound by this opinion. The Reference had stated that independent commissions are needed to ensure salaries are free of political manipulation. This was based in the principle of judicial independence, said to be implied by the preamble of the Constitution Act, 1867. The government accepted the Reference's suggestion that such commissions are necessary and must be "Independent, objective and effective." Members have tenure for four years and make a report with recommendations every four years. This report is given to the Minister of Justice. The first commissioners were Richard Drouin, Eleanore Cronk and Fred Gorbet. Later commissionerts included Gretta Chambers. The government receives recommendations and may give reasons accepting them or rejecting parts. The government pointed to the Supreme Court's 2005 decision Provincial Court Judges' Assn. of New Brunswick v. New Brunswick to show recommendations do not need to be followed entirely.

text:
# Judicial Compensation and Benefits Commission

The **Judicial Compensation and Benefits Commission** is a Canadian commission that recommends judicial salaries for federally appointed judges.

The commission was created in 1999 by the government of Prime Minister Jean Chrétien, under the Judges Act. This was prompted by the *Provincial Judges Reference* (1997), an opinion by the Supreme Court of Canada, although the federal government itself was not bound by this opinion. The Reference had stated that independent commissions are needed to ensure salaries are free of political manipulation. This was based in the principle of judicial independence, said to be implied by the preamble of the *Constitution Act, 1867*. The government accepted the Reference's suggestion that such commissions are necessary and must be "Independent, objective and effective."

Members have tenure for four years and make a report with recommendations every four years. This report is given to the Minister of Justice. The first commissioners were Richard Drouin, Eleanore Cronk and Fred Gorbet. Later commissionerts included Gretta Chambers.

The government receives recommendations and may give reasons accepting them or rejecting parts. The government pointed to the Supreme Court's 2005 decision *Provincial Court Judges' Assn. of New Brunswick v. New Brunswick (Minister of Justice)* to show recommendations do not need to be followed entirely.


title: Wendel D. Ley Track and Holloway Field

abstract: Wendel D. Ley Track and Holloway Field is a stadium in Houston, Texas. It is primarily used for track and field and soccer for the Rice University Owls. It is bounded by Main Street (southeast), University Boulevard (southwest), Reckling Park baseball field (west) and open athletic fields (north). The stadium sits on the location of Rice Field, Rice's old football stadium which opened in 1913 and was used until the opening of Rice Stadium in 1950.. The venue held less than 37,000 people for football. Today, it holds approximately 5,000 people. Part of the grandstand from the visitor's side of the old football stadium is used as the current grandstand, although the bleachers were removed. Today, there are about 100 permanent seats on the stone terracing. The soccer field was installed in 2000-2001 after Rice added women's soccer as a varsity sport. In October 2002, the stadium hosted a WUSA exhibition match between the Washington Freedom and the Atlanta Beat. The event set the current stadium record with more than 5,000 tickets sold. The stadium hosted another WUSA exhibition in 2003 and has hosted two conference soccer tournaments: the Western Athletic Conference Tournament in 2002 and the Conference USA Tournament in 2005. The WAC Outdoor Track & Field Championships were held there in 2002 and again in 2004. Following Rice's move to Conference USA in 2005, the C-USA Outdoor Track & Field Championships were hosted at the facility in 2007. The stadium has also served as a practice venue for soccer teams visiting Houston, including the United States men's national team, Everton of the Premier League, the Colorado Rapids, the Republic of Ireland women's national football team, and the Argentina men's national football team. The stadium has also hosted a series of summer all-comer track and field meets for more than 20 years, and notable athletes including Carl Lewis, Michael Johnson, Joanna Hayes and Bryan Bronson have competed.

text:
# Wendel D. Ley Track and Holloway Field

**Wendel D. Ley Track and Holloway Field** is a stadium in Houston, Texas. It is primarily used for track and field and soccer for the Rice University Owls. It is bounded by Main Street (southeast), University Boulevard (southwest), Reckling Park baseball field (west) and open athletic fields (north).

The stadium sits on the location of **Rice Field**, Rice's old football stadium which opened in 1913 and was used until the opening of Rice Stadium in 1950. (Games in 1912 had been played at West End Park). The venue held less than 37,000 people for football. Today, it holds approximately 5,000 people. Part of the grandstand from the visitor's side of the old football stadium is used as the current grandstand, although the bleachers were removed. Today, there are about 100 permanent seats on the stone terracing.

The soccer field was installed in 2000-2001 after Rice added women's soccer as a varsity sport. In October 2002, the stadium hosted a WUSA exhibition match between the Washington Freedom (featuring Mia Hamm) and the Atlanta Beat. The event set the current stadium record with more than 5,000 tickets sold. The stadium hosted another WUSA exhibition in 2003 and has hosted two conference soccer tournaments: the Western Athletic Conference Tournament in 2002 and the Conference USA Tournament (won by Rice) in 2005. The WAC Outdoor Track & Field Championships were held there in 2002 and again in 2004. Following Rice's move to Conference USA in 2005, the C-USA Outdoor Track & Field Championships were hosted at the facility in 2007.

The stadium has also served as a practice venue for soccer teams visiting Houston, including the United States men's national team, Everton of the Premier League, the Colorado Rapids, the Republic of Ireland women's national football team, and the Argentina men's national football team.

The stadium has also hosted a series of summer all-comer track and field meets for more than 20 years, and notable athletes including Carl Lewis, Michael Johnson, Joanna Hayes and Bryan Bronson have competed.

29°42′47″N 95°24′07″W / 29.712954°N 95.401907°W / 29.712954; -95.401907

## InfoBox

Wendel D. Ley Track and Holloway Field
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | 6100 South Main Street
Houston, Texas 77005 |
| Owner | Rice University |
| Operator | Rice University |
| Capacity | 1,500 |
| Surface | Grass |
| Construction | |
| Opened | 1950 |
| Renovated | 1966, 2011 |
| Tenants | |
| Rice Owls Soccer (NCAA) (2001–present)
Rice Owls Track & Field (NCAA) (1912-present) | |


title: Thomas Henry Haddan

abstract: Thomas Henry Haddan (1814–1873) was an English lawyer and newspaper editor, known as originator of The Guardian, a High Church weekly newspaper.

text:
# Thomas Henry Haddan

**Thomas Henry Haddan** (1814–1873) was an English lawyer and newspaper editor, known as originator of *The Guardian*, a High Church weekly newspaper.

## Life

Haddan was eldest son of Thomas Haddan, solicitor, of Lime Street Square, London, by Mary Ann, daughter of John Haddan, and brother of Arthur West Haddan. He was born in London in 1814, and educated at a private school at Finchley. He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford, 2 July 1833, gained a scholarship there, took a double first in 1837, and graduated BA on 5 May in that year. He was Petrean fellow of Exeter College from 30 June 1837 until 11 January 1843. His essay entitled ‘The Test of National Prosperity considered’ obtained the chancellor's prize in 1838. He gained an Eldon Law Scholarship in 1840. He proceeded MA 1840, and BCL 1844 where he earnt the Vinerian Scholarship.

He was called to the bar of the Inner Temple 11 June 1841, and practised as an equity draftsman and conveyancer. He was a sound lawyer, and had a steady practice at the bar. At a meeting in his chambers, 6 New Square, Lincoln's Inn, in 1846, the *Guardian* newspaper was projected, a response to the conversion of John Henry Newman to Catholicism. The group of founders was led by Frederic Rogers, James Mozley, Richard William Church, Mountague Bernard, and the Haddan brothers. Thomas Haddan for a short time edited the paper, which was published for over a century. Contributors included Manning, Henry Wilberforce, Lord Chief Justice Coleridge, Henry Coleridge, Beresford Hope, Chretien (of Oriel), E. A. Freeman, John Fielder Mackarness, and Stafford Northcote, while he was private secretary to William Ewart Gladstone. Martin Richard Sharp in July 1846, succeeded John Fullagar as publisher, took an active part in its direction, became editor, and continued until his retirement in 1883.

In 1862, at the desire of the council of the Incorporated Law Society, he delivered a course of lectures on the jurisdiction of the court of chancery. Having gone to Vichy for the benefit of his health he died there rather suddenly on 5 September 1873, and was buried on 6 September; but his body was afterwards moved to a grave on the western side of Highgate Cemetery.

He married, 3 October 1861, Caroline Elizabeth, youngest daughter of James Bradley, of Moorlands, Bitterne, Southampton a captain in the Royal Navy (d. 1830) and his wife Caroline nee Western, by whom he left five children.

## Publications

1. ‘Remarks on Legal Education with reference to Legal Studies in the University of Oxford,’ 1848.
2. ‘The Limited Liability Act with Precedents and Notes,’ 1855.
3. ‘Outlines of Administrative Jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery,’ 1862.

He also wrote an interesting memoir of his brother Arthur, which was printed in A. P. Forbes's ‘Remains of Rev. A. W. Haddan,’ 1876, Introduction, pp. xix–xxix.

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Haddan, Thomas Henry". *Dictionary of National Biography*. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.


title: Iván Morovic

abstract: Iván Eduardo Morovic Fernández is a Chilean chess player with the title of International Grandmaster. Born in Viña del Mar, he began to play chess at age 9. In 1979 he won the Pan American Junior Chess Championship. In 1980, Morovic took third place in the World Junior Chess Championship in Dortmund, behind Garry Kasparov and Nigel Short. The following year he won the Chilean Chess Championship. At 22 he became the first Chilean to be awarded by FIDE the title of International Grandmaster (GM). His best tournament participation was in 1993, when he won in Las Palmas, ahead of Viswanathan Anand, with whom he drew. Morovic's best Elo rating is 2613, achieved in 1999. He took part in thirteen Chess Olympiads, playing for Chile in 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1996, 2002, 2004, 2010 and 2012, and representing Croatia in 2000.

text:
# Iván Morovic

**Iván Eduardo Morovic Fernández** (born 24 March 1963) is a Chilean chess player with the title of International Grandmaster.

Born in Viña del Mar, he began to play chess at age 9. In 1979 he won the Pan American Junior Chess Championship. In 1980, Morovic took third place in the World Junior Chess Championship in Dortmund, behind Garry Kasparov and Nigel Short. The following year he won the Chilean Chess Championship. At 22 he became the first Chilean to be awarded by FIDE the title of International Grandmaster (GM). His best tournament participation was in 1993, when he won in Las Palmas, ahead of Viswanathan Anand, with whom he drew.

Morovic's best Elo rating is 2613, achieved in 1999.

He took part in thirteen Chess Olympiads, playing for Chile in 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1996, 2002, 2004, 2010 and 2012, and representing Croatia in 2000.

## InfoBox

| Iván Morovic | |
| --- | --- |
| Iván Morović in 1980 at Dortmund | |
| Country | Croatia (until 2001)
Chile (since 2001) |
| Born | (1963-03-24) March 24, 1963
Viña del Mar, Chile |
| Title | Grandmaster (1986) |
| FIDE rating | 2495 (October 2024) |
| Peak rating | 2613 (January 1999) |


title: Wangels

abstract: Wangels is a municipality in the district of Ostholstein in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is next to the Baltic Sea and about 100 km away from Hamburg. Schloß Weissenhaus is located in Wangels.

text:
# Wangels

**Wangels** is a municipality in the district of Ostholstein in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is next to the Baltic Sea and about 100 km away from Hamburg.

Schloß Weissenhaus is located in Wangels.

## InfoBox

| Wangels | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| The Farver Mühle, a windmill in Wangels | |
|  | |
| Location of Wangels within Ostholstein district | |
| Wangels Wangels | |
| Coordinates: 54°16′N 10°46′E / 54.267°N 10.767°E / 54.267; 10.767 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Schleswig-Holstein |
| District | Ostholstein |
| Municipal assoc. | Oldenburg-Land |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Christin Voß |
| Area | |
| Total | 67.12 km2 (25.92 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 56 m (184 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 2,220 |
| Density | 33/km2 (86/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 23758 |
| Dialling codes | 04382 |
| Vehicle registration | OH |
| Website | www.amt-oldenburg-
land.de |