abstract: Ridgedale is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is located within a horseshoe bend in the South Branch Potomac River between the communities of Blues Beach and Wappocomo. Ridgedale is named for the recently restored 1835 plantation built by George W. Washington, also known as Washington Bottom Farm. Washington's plantation obtained its name due to its location at the foot of Mill Creek Ridge at its northernmost extent. Ridgedale is located off the South Branch Valley Railroad and is accessible from West Virginia Route 28 by way of Washington Road. Ridgedale once had a post office and a school in operation there. Today, Ridgedale consists of the old Washington farm and a number of summer camps, cabins, and vacation homes on the South Branch.

text:
# Ridgedale, Hampshire County, West Virginia

**Ridgedale** is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is located within a horseshoe bend in the South Branch Potomac River between the communities of Blues Beach and Wappocomo. Ridgedale is named for the recently restored 1835 plantation built by George W. Washington (a distant relative of George Washington), also known as Washington Bottom Farm. Washington's plantation obtained its name due to its location at the foot of Mill Creek Ridge at its northernmost extent. Ridgedale is located off the South Branch Valley Railroad and is accessible from West Virginia Route 28 by way of Washington Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 28/3). Ridgedale once had a post office and a school in operation there. Today, Ridgedale consists of the old Washington farm and a number of summer camps, cabins, and vacation homes on the South Branch.

## InfoBox

| Ridgedale, Hampshire County,<br>West Virginia | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| RidgedaleRidgedale | |
| Coordinates: 39°24′41″N 78°44′5″W / 39.41139°N 78.73472°W / 39.41139; -78.73472 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | West Virginia |
| County | Hampshire |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| GNIS feature ID | 1555478 |


abstract: Ridgedale is an unincorporated community in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States.

text:
# Ridgedale, Monongalia County, West Virginia

**Ridgedale** is an unincorporated community in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States.

## InfoBox

| Ridgedale | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| RidgedaleLocation within the state of West VirginiaRidgedaleRidgedale (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 39°32′49″N 79°56′8″W / 39.54694°N 79.93556°W / 39.54694; -79.93556 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | West Virginia |
| County | Monongalia |
| Elevation | 1,529 ft (466 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| GNIS ID | 1555479 |


title: Krishnankutty

abstract: Krishnankutty is a 1981 Malayalam film that marks the directorial debut of T. V. Chandran. The film started production during the emergency period. A critical and commercial failure, this experimental film did not even have a wide public release. The film represents a continuation of P. A. Backer's style of independent film. The music for the film is composed by director Pavithran.

text:
# Krishnankutty

***Krishnankutty*** is a 1981 Malayalam film that marks the directorial debut of T. V. Chandran. The film started production during the emergency period. A critical and commercial failure, this experimental film did not even have a wide public release. The film represents a continuation of P. A. Backer's style of independent film. The music for the film is composed by director Pavithran.

1. "സിനിമ എന്നെ തേടി വന്നത്: ടി വി ചന്ദ്രന്" Archived 18 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine. *Janayugam*. 17 December 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
2. Ashish Rajadhyaksha, Paul Willemen (1999). *Encyclopaedia of Indian cinema*. British Film Institute. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-85170-669-6.
3. Unni R. Nair. (7 June 2001). "Dani— Travelling with history" Archived 20 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 27 April 2011.


title: Richard Portman

abstract: Richard Portman was an American sound engineer. He won an Academy Award for Best Sound and was nominated for ten more in the same category. He worked on more than 160 films between 1963 and 2004. Portman later taught at Florida State University; he died of complications after a fall.

text:
# Richard Portman

**Richard Portman** (April 2, 1934  January 28, 2017) was an American sound engineer. He won an Academy Award for Best Sound and was nominated for ten more in the same category. He worked on more than 160 films between 1963 and 2004. Portman later taught at Florida State University; he died of complications after a fall.

## Selected filmography

Portman won an Academy Award and was nominated for ten more:

Won Nominated

## InfoBox

| Richard Portman | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1934-04-02)April 2, 1934
Los Angeles, California, United States |
| Died | January 28, 2017(2017-01-28) (aged 82)
Tallahassee, Florida |
| Occupation | Sound engineer |
| Years active | 1963-2004 |


title: Richard Portnow

abstract: Richard Portnow is an American actor known for such films and television series as Good Morning, Vietnam, Barton Fink, Kindergarten Cop, Seven, Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai, The Spirit, Law Abiding Citizen, Private Parts, Fallen Arches, Double Down, Poolhall Junkies, The Sopranos, Hannah Montana, The Nanny, Trumbo, Oldboy, Find Me Guilty, Underdogs and Boston Legal. Portnow played the role of defense attorney Harold "Mel" Melvoin on the Emmy-winning HBO series The Sopranos (1999), the lawyer for Uncle Junior. Portnow appeared in Matthew Charles Santoro's sci-fi film Higher Power, which was released in 2018.

text:
# Richard Portnow

**Richard Portnow** (born January 26, 1947) is an American actor known for such films and television series as *Good Morning, Vietnam*, *Barton Fink*, *Kindergarten Cop*, *Seven*, *Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai*, *The Spirit*, *Law Abiding Citizen*, *Private Parts*, *Fallen Arches*, *Double Down*, *Poolhall Junkies*, *The Sopranos*, *Hannah Montana*, *The Nanny*, *Trumbo*, *Oldboy*, *Find Me Guilty*, *Underdogs* and *Boston Legal*.

Portnow played the role of defense attorney Harold "Mel" Melvoin on the Emmy-winning HBO series *The Sopranos* (1999), the lawyer for Uncle Junior.

Portnow appeared in Matthew Charles Santoro's sci-fi film *Higher Power*, which was released in 2018.

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1980 | *Roadie* | First New York Wino |  |
| 1985 | *Desperately Seeking Susan* | Party Guest |  |
| 1987 | *Radio Days* | Sy |  |
| 1987 | *Tin Men* | Carly Benelli |
| 1987 | *The Squeeze* | Ruben |  |
| 1987 | *Weeds* | Guard |  |
| 1987 | *Hiding Out* | Mr. Lessig |  |
| 1987 | *Good Morning, Vietnam* | Dan 'The Man' Levitan |  |
| 1988 | *In Dangerous Company* | Kellog |  |
| 1988 | *Twins* | Chop Shop Owner |  |
| 1989 | *Meet the Hollowheads* | Mr. Crabneck |  |
| 1989 | *Say Anything...* | IRS Agent Stewart |  |
| 1989 | *Chattahoochee* | Dr. Debner |  |
| 1990 | *Tune in Tomorrow* | Uncle Luke |  |
| 1990 | *Havana* | Mike MacClaney |  |
| 1990 | *Kindergarten Cop* | Captain Salazar |  |
| 1991 | *Barton Fink* | Detective Mastrionotti |  |
| 1991 | *For the Boys* | Milt, Recording Studio |  |
| 1991 | *Father of the Bride* | Al, The Tux Salesman |  |
| 1992 | *Beethoven* | Ammo Gun Salesman |  |
| 1992 | *Sister Act* | Willy |  |
| 1992 | *There Goes the Neighborhood* | Marty Rollins |  |
| 1993 | *Heart and Souls* | Max Marco |  |
| 1993 | *Night Eyes 3* | Edgar Kaplan |  |
| 1994 | *Lipstick Camera* | Detective Vorkopich |  |
| 1994 | *Trial by Jury* | Leo Greco |  |
| 1994 | *S.F.W.* | Gerald Parsley |  |
| 1994 | *Across the Moon* | Roy |  |
| 1995 | *Man of the House* | Joey Renda |  |
| 1995 | *Seven* | Dr. Beardsley |  |
| 1996 | *Guy* | Al |  |
| 1996 | *Bogus* | M. Clay Thrasher |  |
| 1996 | *Brittle Glory* | Sid Higgins |  |
| 1997 | *Private Parts* | Ben Stern |  |
| 1997 | *Mad City* | Brackett's Agent |  |
| 1998 | *Milo* | Lieutenant Parker |  |
| 1998 | *Shadow of Doubt* | Marvin Helm |  |
| 1998 | *My Giant* | Producer |  |
| 1998 | *Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas* | Wine Colored Tuxedo |  |
| 1998 | *Postal Worker* | Dr. Nicholas Brink |  |
| 1999 | *Road Kill* | Charboneau |  |
| 1999 | *Ballad of the Nightingale* | Arnie D'Angelo |  |
| 1999 | *Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai* | Frank 'Handsome Frank' |  |
| 1999 | *Desert Thunder* | Admiral Le Clair |  |
| 2000 | *Fallen Arches* | Nicky Kaplan |  |
| 2000 | *Happy Accidents* | Trip |  |
| 2000 | *Lured Innocence* | Jack Shelby |  |
| 2000 | *The Unscarred* | Tommy Matolla |  |
| 2000 | *The Mystery of Spoon River* | Agent Cicarelli |  |
| 2001 | *Double Down* | Arnold Zigman |  |
| 2001 | *Double Bang* | Lieutenant Shatkin |  |
| 2002 | *Poolhall Junkies* | Jay 'Toupee Jay' |  |
| 2004 | *Tony n' Tina's Wedding* | Vinnie Black |  |
| 2004 | *Under the City* | Minks |  |
| 2005 | *Meet the Mobsters* | Jerry Kaminski |  |
| 2006 | *Find Me Guilty* | Max Novardis |  |
| 2006 | *National Lampoon's TV: The Movie* | Sergeant |  |
| 2007 | *Perfect Stranger* | Narron |  |
| 2007 | *Good Time Max* | Head Administrator |  |
| 2007 | *Made in Brooklyn* | Louis / Vito Ungaro |  |
| 2007 | *Chasing Robert* | Ed Thorton |  |
| 2007 | *The Minis* | Jack |  |
| 2007 | *The Indian* | Elliot |  |
| 2008 | *Tinker Bell* | Minister of Autumn | Direct-to-video |
| 2008 | *The Spirit* | Donenfeld |  |
| 2009 | *Life Is Hot in Cracktown* | Guy From 4 K |  |
| 2009 | *Law Abiding Citizen* | Bill Reynolds |  |
| 2009 | *Under New Management* | Carmello Conforte |  |
| 2010 | *Privileged* | Mr. Rothman | Direct-to-video |
| 2010 | *Killer by Nature* | Walter |  |
| 2012 | *Dirty People* | Max |  |
| 2012 | *A Night of Nightmares* | Cliff Tanner |  |
| 2012 | *Two Jacks* | Lorenzo |  |
| 2012 | *Hitchcock* | Barney Balaban |  |
| 2013 | *Underdogs* | John Handon II |  |
| 2013 | *Slightly Single in L.A.* | Older Bar Guy |  |
| 2013 | *A Voice in the Dark* | Dr. Levi |  |
| 2013 | *Oldboy* | Bernie Sharkey |  |
| 2014 | *The Fourth Noble Truth* | Aaron's Lawyer |  |
| 2014 | *This Last Lonely Place* | Jason Pure |  |
| 2014 | *Nanny Cam* | Detective Jones |  |
| 2015 | *Parallel* | Stewart |  |
| 2015 | *Trumbo* | Louis B. Mayer |  |
| 2016 | *Soy Nero* | Murray, The Garage Owner |  |
| 2016 | *Café Society* | Walt |  |
| 2017 | *Swing State* | 'Shoe' Montgomery |  |
| 2017 | *Andover* | Shamus Trout |  |
| 2017 | *The Gliksmans* | Tim Neuman |  |
| 2017 | *An American Dog Story* | Ripper | Voice |
| 2018 | *Red Team Go* | Pawn Shop Owner |  |
| 2018 | *Higher Power* | Charles Margrey |  |
| 2018 | *Frank and Ava* | Walter Winchell |  |
| 2018 | *Holly Day* | Benny |  |
| 2019 | *Stakeout* | Pat Reed |  |
| 2019 | *Duke* | Carroll Green |  |
| 2021 | *Roe v. Wade* | William O. Douglas |  |
| 2021 | *GodHead: In a fiction, in a dream of passion* | Martin |  |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1983 | *Trackdown: Finding the Goodbar Killer* | Bartender | Television film |
| 1985–1986 | *The Equalizer* | Policeman / Detective / Lieutenant | 3 episodes |
| 1986 | *Courage* | Frankie Ce De Baca | Television film |
| 1987 | *Tales from the Darkside* | Curtis | Episode: "Everybody Needs a Little Love" |
| 1987 | *Almost Partners* | Nicky | Television film |
| 1987 | *American Playhouse* | Billy Einhorn | Episode: "The House of Blue Leaves" |
| 1987 | *Perry Mason: The Case of the Murdered Madam* | Harry Long | Television film |
| 1987 | *The Oldest Rookie* | Albert Moont | Episode: "Ike and Son" |
| 1987 | *Hooperman* | Mr. Byrne | Episode: "Hot Wired" |
| 1987 | *Beauty and the Beast* | Naj | Episode: "A Children's Story" |
| 1988 | *Wiseguy* | Louis Cabra | Episode: "Blood Dance" |
| 1988 | *Dear John* | Harry | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 1988 | *Something Is Out There* | Jimmy 'Blue Eyes', Eddie's Ex-Boss | Episode: "Gladiator" |
| 1989 | *Original Sin* | Vincent | Television film |
| 1989 | *A Deadly Silence* | District Attorney Ed Jablonski | |
| 1989 | *Peter Gunn* | Spiros | |
| 1990 | *Singer & Sons* | Maurice | Episode: "Our's Not to Reason Why Shmy" |
| 1990 | *Father Dowling Mysteries* | Cameron Prince | Episode: "The Movie Mystery" |
| 1991 | *Perry Mason: The Case of the Maligned Mobster* | Dave Barrett | Television film |
| 1991 | *The New WKRP in Cincinnati* | Cleeve Peevey | Episode: "Every Move a Work of Art" |
| 1991-1992 | *Dinosaurs* | Mel Luster | 2 episodes |
| 1991-1995 | *Murder, She Wrote* | Walter Pell / Lieutenant Walt Murphy | |
| 1992 | *Middle Ages* | Buddy | Episode: "The Pig in the Python" |
| 1992 | *Civil Wars* | Jerry DeSantos | Episode: "The Naked and the Wed" |
| 1992 | *Homefront* | Actor / Announcer | Episode: "The Lemo Tomato Juice Hour" |
| 1993 | *Seinfeld* | Ray | Episode: "The Handicap Spot" |
| 1993 | *Based on an Untrue Story* | Disturbing Caller | Television film |
| 1993 | *Home Free* | Vic | 13 episodes |
| 1994 | *The Commish* | Benny | Episode: "Benny" |
| 1994 | *Dragstrip Girl* | Detective Dryden | Television film |
| 1994 | *The Nanny* | Phillipe | Episode: "A Star Is Unborn" |
| 1995 | *Double Rush* | Ed Foley | 2 episodes |
| 1995 | *Ed McBain's 87th Precinct: Lightning* | Monaghan | Television film |
| 1995 | *Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman* | Barry Barker | Episode: "Whine, Whine, Whine" |
| 1995 | *Indictment: The McMartin Trial* | Judge George | Television film |
| 1995 | *Fallen Angels* | Jack Malkov | Episode: "A Dime a Dance" |
| 1995 | *Donor Unknown* | Hal Cooney | Television film |
| 1995-2005 | *NYPD Blue* | Howard Segal / Harry Bernstein | 2 episodes |
| 1996 | *Dave's World* | Leon | Episode: "Loves Me Like a Rock" |
| 1996 | *Dream On* | Roy | Episode: "Finale - Part One" |
| 1996-1997 | *Mad About You* | Arthur | 2 episodes |
| 1996–1997 | *EZ Streets* | Detective Frank Collero | 10 episodes |
| 1997 | *Walker, Texas Ranger* | Irving Rothbart, LaRue's Attorney | Episode: "Trial of LaRue" |
| 1997 | *JAG* | Sibby Lonegro | Episode: "Ghost Ship" |
| 1997 | *Bella Mafia* | Anthony Moreno | Television film |
| 1998 | *Spin City* | Mr. Paterno | Episode: "Deaf Man Walking" |
| 1999 | *Boy Meets World* | Stan | Episode: "Can I Help to Cheer You?" |
| 1999 | *The Substitute 3: Winner Takes All* | Vincent Lo Russo | Television film |
| 1999 | *Witness Protection* | Nikos 'The Greek' Stephanos | |
| 1999 | *Ryan Caulfield: Year One* | Sergeant Palermo | 2 episodes |
| 1999 | *Kilroy* | Ed Gray | Television film |
| 1999–2004 | *The Sopranos* | Harold 'Mel' Melvoin | 13 episodes |
| 2000 | *18 Wheels of Justice* | Anthony Guardino Jr. | Episode: "Two Eyes for an Eye" |
| 2000 | *Judging Amy* | Assistant Attorney General Charles Novotny | Episode: "The Out-of-Towners" |
| 2001 | *Laughter on the 23rd Floor* | Harry Prince | Television film |
| 2001 | *Going to California* | Lou Barlow | Episode: "The Naked and the Nude" |
| 2002 | *The Shield* | Jim Wright | Episode: "Cherrypoppers" |
| 2004–2006 | *Boston Legal* | Judge Peter Harding | 4 episodes |
| 2004-2009 | *Nip/Tuck* | Manny Caldarello | 2 episodes |
| 2005 | *Trump Unauthorized* | Ed Koch | Television film |
| 2005 | *Head Cases* | Max | Episode: "In the Club" |
| 2005 | *Las Vegas* | Lester Colette | Episode: "Everything Old Is You Again" |
| 2006 | *Hannah Montana* | Marty Kline | Episode: "On the Road Again" |
| 2007 | *Dirt* | Teddy Jick | Episode: "Ovophagy" |
| 2008 | *Cold Case* | Oscar Anderson | Episode: "The Dealer" |
| 2010 | *How to Make It in America* | Ben's Father | Episode: "Paper, Denim + Dollars" |
| 2010 | *The Wish List* | Lenny | Television film |
| 2010 | *Jack's Family Adventure* | Denny Simpkins | Television film |
| 2010 | *Outlaw* | Senator Sidney Vidalin | 3 episodes |
| 2011 | *The Mentalist* | Phil | Episode: "Scarlet Ribbons" |
| 2011 | *The Christmas Pageant* | Leo Brenner | Television film |
| 2012 | *CSI: NY* | Preston Seville Sr. | Episode: "Brooklyn Til I Die" |
| 2012 | *Hawaii Five-0* | Creed's Attorney | Episode: "Kupale" |
| 2012 | *Imaginary Friend* | Dan | Television film |
| 2012 | *Franklin & Bash* | Richard Kohl | Episode: "For Those About to Rock" |
| 2014 | *Castle* | Milt Boyle | Episode: "That '70s Show" |
| 2014 | *Parks and Recreation* | Mitch Savner | 3 episodes |
| 2014 | *Suits* | Pete Kreeling | Episode: "Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner" |
| 2014 | *Seasons of Love* | Pop | Television film |
| 2015 | *Grimm* | Daniel Troyer | Episode: "Maiden Quest" |
| 2015 | *The Good Wife* | Judge Ben Margovski | Episode: "Restraint" |
| 2016 | *Elementary* | Eddie Eichorn | Episode: "You've Got Me, Who's Got You?" |
| 2017 | *Timeless* | William Hale Thompson | Episode: "Public Enemy No. 1" |
| 2017 | *Major Crimes* | The Gardener | Episode: "Dead Drop" |
| 2017 | *Real Rob* | Jerry | Episode: "Acupuncture & Spring Rolls" |
| 2019 | *The Detour* | Marty | Episode: "The Return" |
| 2020 | *Grey's Anatomy* | Saul Schmitt | Episode: "The Last Supper" |
| 2021 | *Shameless* | Johnny 'Boxcars' | Episode: "Survivors" |

### Video games

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | *X2: Wolverine's Revenge* | Beast | Voice |

## InfoBox

| Richard Portnow | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | January 26, 1947 (1947-01-26) (age 77)<br>Crown Heights, Brooklyn, New York, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1980–present |


title: Krzysztof Grzegorek

abstract: Krzysztof Józef Grzegorek is a Polish politician. He was elected to the Sejm on 25 September 2005, getting 8,730 votes in 33 Kielce district as a candidate from the Civic Platform list. Grzegorek was a deputy Minister of Health starting on 21 November 2007, but after accusations of previous misconduct (corruption) he resigned on 2 June 2008.

text:
# Krzysztof Grzegorek

**Krzysztof Józef Grzegorek** (born 5 May 1961 in Sieradz) is a Polish politician. He was elected to the Sejm on 25 September 2005, getting 8,730 votes in 33 Kielce district as a candidate from the Civic Platform list.

Grzegorek was a deputy Minister of Health starting on 21 November 2007, but after accusations of previous misconduct (corruption) he resigned on 2 June 2008.

## InfoBox

| Krzysztof Grzegorek | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Sejm | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office** <br>25 September 2005 | |
| Constituency | 33 – Kielce |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 May 1961 (1961-05-05) (age 63) |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Political party | Civic Platform |
|  | |


title: Rick Simpson (priest)

abstract: Richard Lee "Rick" Simpson is a British Anglican priest. He has been the Archdeacon of Auckland in the Diocese of Durham since 2018. Simpson was educated at Keble College, Oxford and Wycliffe Hall, Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1993, and priest in 1994. He was a curate in Heaton, Newcastle until 1997. He was Priest in charge of Holy Trinity, Jesmond from 1997 to 2006; and then of St Brandon, Brancepeth from 2006. He was announced as the next Archdeacon of Auckland in October 2017. He was installed as archdeacon during a service at Durham Cathedral on 11 February 2018.

text:
# Rick Simpson (priest)

**Richard Lee** "**Rick**" **Simpson** (born 5 July 1966) is a British Anglican priest. He has been the Archdeacon of Auckland in the Diocese of Durham since 2018.

Simpson was educated at Keble College, Oxford and Wycliffe Hall, Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1993, and priest in 1994. He was a curate in Heaton, Newcastle until 1997. He was Priest in charge of Holy Trinity, Jesmond from 1997 to 2006; and then of St Brandon, Brancepeth from 2006. He was announced as the next Archdeacon of Auckland in October 2017. He was installed as archdeacon during a service at Durham Cathedral on 11 February 2018.


title: Krokhol Disc Golf Course

abstract: Krokhol Disc Golf Course is a world-class 18-hole disc golf course located in Siggerud, Norway, 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Oslo. Set on an abandoned ball golf course, it features long holes on hilly grass fairways lined with thick woods and is widely considered the best disc golf course in Norway. The course is available to the public at no charge, with an optional donation to help fund maintenance and future development.

text:
# Krokhol Disc Golf Course

**Krokhol Disc Golf Course** is a world-class 18-hole disc golf course located in Siggerud, Norway, 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Oslo. Set on an abandoned ball golf course, it features long holes on hilly grass fairways lined with thick woods and is widely considered the best disc golf course in Norway. The course is available to the public at no charge, with an optional donation to help fund maintenance and future development.

## History

Krokhol Disc Golf Course was designed by Lars Somby in 2019 and developed as a partnership between the Muselunden disc golf club and the Ekeberg disc golf club.

## Course details

Krokhol Disc Golf Course features OB lines on most holes, water hazards on holes 12, 14, and 15, and an island green on hole 17. The course's elevated tees are made of wood and covered with artificial turf. Yellow Latitude 64° ProBasket Elite targets, sporting a flag, are featured on all eighteen holes. There is a bench on some holes.

### Signature hole

According to course designer Lars Somby, Krokhol's signature hole is hole 12, a par 4 measuring 267 metres (876 ft) long.

### Amenities

Being set on the property of Krokhol Golf Course, the course gives players access to a pro shop with discs for sale, as well as a cafe complete with food, drinks, and restrooms. The venue also sports a footgolf course.

## Tournaments

Krokhol Disc Golf Course was the fourth tournament on the 2019 and 2020 Oslo Tour. On 13-14 June 2020, it will co-host the 2nd annual Oslo Disc Golf Classic, a 2-day PDGA-sanctioned tournament and the premier disc golf event in Oslo.

List of disc golf courses in Norway

59°48′9.994″N 10°55′32.743″E / 59.80277611°N 10.92576194°E / 59.80277611; 10.92576194


title: Kroken, Troms

abstract: Kroken (Norwegian) or Biežavággi (Northern Sami) is a neighborhood in the city of Tromsø which lies in Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The neighborhood is located along the Tromsøysundet strait on the mainland, just across the strait from the city centre of Tromsø which lies on the island of Tromsøya. The Tromsdalen area of the city of Tromsø lies about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the south and the village of Movik lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the north. The village is considered part of the Tromsdalen urban area. Kroken is a large residential area that has two schools, Kroken Church, the Ishavsbyen FK association football club, and the Krokensenteret shopping mall, where Norway's largest Coop Prix used to be located, but got changed to a coop extra.

text:
# Kroken, Troms

***Kroken*** (Norwegian) or ***Biežavággi*** (Northern Sami) is a neighborhood in the city of Tromsø which lies in Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The neighborhood is located along the Tromsøysundet strait on the mainland, just across the strait from the city centre of Tromsø which lies on the island of Tromsøya. The Tromsdalen area of the city of Tromsø lies about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the south and the village of Movik lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the north. The village is considered part of the Tromsdalen urban area.

Kroken is a large residential area that has two schools, Kroken Church, the Ishavsbyen FK association football club, and the Krokensenteret shopping mall, where Norway's largest Coop Prix used to be located, but got changed to a coop extra.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighborhood of Tromsø | |
| View of the village (seen from Tromsøya) | |
|  | |
| KrokenKroken | |
| Coordinates: 69°41′02″N 19°04′10″E / 69.68389°N 19.06944°E / 69.68389; 19.06944 | |
| Country | Norway |
| Region | Northern Norway |
| County | Troms |
| District | Midt-Troms |
| Municipality | Tromsø Municipality |
| Elevation | 19 m (62 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Post Code | 9022 Krokelvdalen |


title: Rightangle, Kentucky

abstract: Rightangle is an unincorporated community in Clark County, Kentucky, United States. A post office was established at Rightangle in 1883, and remained in operation until 1931. The community most likely was named after their Masonic lodge. The Right Angle Lodge met on the first Saturday of every month.

text:
# Rightangle, Kentucky

**Rightangle** is an unincorporated community in Clark County, Kentucky, United States.

A post office was established at Rightangle in 1883, and remained in operation until 1931. The community most likely was named after their Masonic lodge. The Right Angle Lodge met on the first Saturday of every month.

## InfoBox

| Rightangle | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| RightangleLocation within the state of KentuckyRightangleRightangle (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 37°53′41″N 84°1′43″W / 37.89472°N 84.02861°W / 37.89472; -84.02861 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Kentucky |
| County | Clark |
| Elevation | 784 ft (239 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Eastern(EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (EDT) |
| GNIS feature ID | 508938 |


title: Ricochet (Ricochet album)

abstract: Ricochet is the debut studio album by the American country music band Ricochet. Released in 1996 on Columbia Records Nashville, it produced four hit singles on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts: "What Do I Know", "Daddy's Money", "Love Is Stronger Than Pride", and "Ease My Troubled Mind". The album itself has been certified gold by the RIAA. Two of the singles were previously recorded by other artists: "What Do I Know" by Linda Davis on 1996's Some Things Are Meant to Be, and "Ease My Troubled Mind" by Tim Ryan on 1993's Idle Hands.

text:
# Ricochet (Ricochet album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic - |  |

***Ricochet*** is the debut studio album by the American country music band Ricochet. Released in 1996 on Columbia Records Nashville, it produced four hit singles on the *Billboard* Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts: "What Do I Know", "Daddy's Money" (a Number One), "Love Is Stronger Than Pride", and "Ease My Troubled Mind". The album itself has been certified gold by the RIAA.

Two of the singles were previously recorded by other artists: "What Do I Know" by Linda Davis on 1996's *Some Things Are Meant to Be*, and "Ease My Troubled Mind" by Tim Ryan on 1993's *Idle Hands*.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Daddy's Money" | Bob DiPiero, Mark D. Sanders, Steve Seskin | 3:03 |
| 2. | "What Do I Know" | Stephony Smith, Sunny Russ, Cathy Majeski | 3:34 |
| 3. | "I Can't Dance" | Jim Robinson, Andy Byrd | 3:14 |
| 4. | "Love Is Stronger Than Pride" | Rick Bowles, Doug Johnson | 3:12 |
| 5. | "Ease My Troubled Mind" | Tom Shapiro, Chris Waters, Michael Garvin | 3:36 |
| 6. | "A Little Bit of Love (Is a Dangerous Thing)" | Robinson, Byrd, Stan Meissner | 3:25 |
| 7. | "From Good to Bad to Worse to Gone" | Billy Yates, Chris Cummings, Frank Dycus | 2:39 |
| 8. | "The Truth Is, I Lied" | Bill Anderson, Skip Ewing | 3:38 |
| 9. | "I Wasn't Ready for You" | Craig Wiseman, Ronnie Samoset | 3:23 |
| 10. | "Rowdy" | Jeff Stevens, Michael Clark | 3:44 |

## Personnel

### Ricochet

### Additional musicians

## Charts

## InfoBox

| Ricochet | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Ricochet | |
| Released | February 6, 1996 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 33:28 |
| Label | Columbia |
| Producer | Ron Chancey
Ed Seay |
| Ricochet chronology | |
| ***Ricochet***
(1996) *Blink of an Eye*
(1997) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Ricochet* | |
| 1. "What Do I Know"
Released: December 4, 1995 2. "Daddy's Money"
Released: April 22, 1996 3. "Love Is Stronger Than Pride"
Released: August 5, 1996 4. "Ease My Troubled Mind"
Released: February 25, 1997 | |
|  | |


title: Kristiansand Bus Tveit Lines

abstract: Line 35 / 36 in Kristiansand are two local bus lines in Kristiansand, Norway. They both go from downtown Kristiansand to the Airport Kjevik and Tveit.

text:
# Kristiansand Bus Tveit Lines

Line **35 */* 36** in Kristiansand are two local bus lines in Kristiansand, Norway. They both go from downtown Kristiansand to the Airport Kjevik and Tveit.

## Description

### 35

Line 35 goes from Kristiansand bound for **Kjevik - Brattvollshei** or **Kjevik - Brattvollshei / Grødum** at every other hour. This bus collaborate with line 36 from Ve at Tveit. Ve is located after Hamresanden. Line 35 continues to the Airport and Brattvollshei, while 36 continues on Norwegian National Road 41 to Grødum which is just inside of Aust-Agder county and Birkenes municipality.

## Rush Hour

### 36

Line 36 which normally only goes from Ve to Grødum, goes from Grødum to Kristiansand in the rush hours.

## Roads

The lines uses some notable roads in Kristiansand. The following are:

| Route | Lines | Stretch |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fv471 | 35, 36 | Vestre Strandgate / Tollbodgata \- UiA |
| E18 | 35, 36 | Bjørndalssletta \- Rona |
| Fv401 | 35, 36 | Rona - Strømsdalen |
| E18 | 35, 36 | Strømsdalen - Timeneskrysset |
| R41 | 35, 36 | Timeneskrysset - Ryen |
| R451 | 35 | Ryen - Kristiansand Airport, Kjevik |
| R41 | 36 | Ryen - Grødum |

## InfoBox

| 35 / 36 | |
| --- | --- |
| Metro Lines | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Overview | |
| System | Agder Kollektiv Transport |
| Operator | Nettbuss |
| Garage | Mjåvann, Sørlandsparken |
| Vehicle | Mercedes-Benz Citaro |
| Route | |
| Locale | Kvadraturen \- UiA \- Rona \- Tveit |
| Start | 35: Kvadraturen
36: Kvadraturen
36: Ve |
| Via | UiA, Rona |
| End | 35: Kjevik  Brattvollsheia
36: Tveit  Grødum
36: Grødum |
| Service | |
| Operates | 17 hours (35)
05:15 - 00:15
2 hours (36)
15:00 - 16:00
10 hours (36)
07:40 - 22:40 |
| Transfers | Yes |
| Timetable | 35/36 |
| 22, 23  {{{system\_nav}}}  37 | |


title: Kui language (India)

abstract: Kui is a South-Central Dravidian language spoken by the Kandhas, eastern Indian state of Odisha. It is mostly spoken in Odisha, and written in the Odia script. With 941,988 registered native speakers, it figures at rank 29 in the 1991 Indian census. The Kui language was also referred to as the Kuinga language during the historical period. It is closely related to the Gondi and Kuvi languages.

text:
# Kui language (India)

**Kui** (also Kandh, Khondi, Khond, Khondo, Kanda, Kodu (Kōdu), Kodulu, Kuinga (Kūinga), Kuy) is a South-Central Dravidian language spoken by the Kandhas, eastern Indian state of Odisha. It is mostly spoken in Odisha, and written in the Odia script. With 941,988 registered native speakers, it figures at rank 29 in the 1991 Indian census. The Kui language was also referred to as the Kuinga language during the historical period. It is closely related to the Gondi and Kuvi languages.

## Phonology

Consonants
|  | | Labial | Dental | Retroflex | Palatal/
P.alv | Velar | Glottal |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nasal | |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Plosive/
Affricate | voiceless |  |  |  | t͡ʃ |  |  |
| | voiced |  |  |  | d͡ʒ |  |  |
| Approximant | central | ~ |  |  |  |  |  |
| | lateral |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Fricative | |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Flap | |  |  |  |  |  |  |

### Vowels

Kui language has five short vowels and five long vowels. The vowels are illustrated below in IPA.

Vowels
|  | Front | | Central | | Back | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | short | long | short | long | short | long |
| High |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Mid |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Low |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Kui | |
| --- | --- |
| Kanda, Kandh, Khond, Khondi, Khondo, Kodu, Kodulu, Kuinga, Kuy | |
| କୁଈ | |
| Pronunciation | \[kuɪ\] |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Odisha |
| Ethnicity | Khonds, Dal, Sitha Kandha |
| Native speakers | 941,000 (2011 census) |
| Language family | Dravidian * South-Central     + Gondi–Kui         - Kuvi–Kui             * **Kui** |
| Writing system | Odia script
Odia Braille |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:
`uki`  Kui (standard)
`dwk`  Dawik Kui |
| *Glottolog* | `kuii1252` |
| ELP | Kui (India) |
| Languages in Oddhisa   Kui language | |
| Kui is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |


title: Kui language (Indonesia)

abstract: Kui is a Timor–Alor–Pantar language spoken in several enclaves on Alor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The language is called 'Masin lak' in Kui. Although the exact number of speakers is unknown, Kui is an endangered language since speakers are shifting to Alor Malay. Kui is mainly spoken in the towns of Moru, Bouraga and Lerabarang. Kirramung and Kui have some sort of dialect relationship, being considered by some as being the same language and some others as being two different languages. This is typical of Timor-Alor-Pantar (TAP) languages. It has verb-final word order which means that the verb comes last in a sentence, unlike in English where the verb usually comes in the middle.

text:
# Kui language (Indonesia)

**Kui** is a Timor–Alor–Pantar language spoken in several enclaves on Alor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The language is called 'Masin lak' in Kui. Although the exact number of speakers is unknown, Kui is an endangered language since speakers are shifting to Alor Malay.

Kui is mainly spoken in the towns of Moru, Bouraga and Lerabarang. Kirramung and Kui have some sort of dialect relationship, being considered by some as being the same language and some others as being two different languages. This is typical of Timor-Alor-Pantar (TAP) languages. It has verb-final word order which means that the verb comes last in a sentence, unlike in English where the verb usually comes in the middle.

## Phonology

### Consonants

Consonant phonemes are shown in the chart below. Marginal phonemes are enclosed in parentheses.

**Consonant phonemes**
|  | Bilabial | | Alveolar | | Palatal | | Velar | | Glottal | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Plosive | p | b | t | d |  |  | k | g | (ʔ) |  |
| Fricative |  |  | s |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Nasal |  | m |  | n |  | (ɲ) |  | ŋ |  |  |
| Affricate |  |  |  |  |  | (d͡ʒ) |  |  |  |  |
| Rhotic |  |  |  | r |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Lateral approximant |  |  |  | l |  | (ʎ) |  |  |  |  |
| Approximant |  | w |  |  |  | j |  |  |  |  |

### Vowels

#### Monophthongs

**Monophthong phonemes**
|  | Front | Central | Back |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Close | i |  | u |
| Close-mid | e |  | o |
| Open-mid | ɛɛː |  |  |
| Open |  | a |  |

## InfoBox

| Kui | |
| --- | --- |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Alor Island, East Nusa Tenggara |
| Native speakers | 100 (2018) |
| Language family | Trans–New Guinea ? |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | `kvd` |
| *Glottolog* | `kuii1253` |
| ELP | Kui (Indonesia) |


title: Kronenbrücke

abstract: The Kronenbrücke was built on the site of the original bridge which crossed the Dreisam and was one of the two oldest bridges in Freiburg im Breisgau, a city on the edge of the Black Forest in the Baden-Württemberg region of Germany. In 1869, an iron bridge with stone substructure replaced the original wooden bridge across the River Dreisam. This, however, lasted only three years due to excessive flooding and the replacement erected was Gartenstraßen. After extensive work was done to dams and shores to prevent the bridge collapsing in the manner of its predecessor and the building of two others, to reduce frequent stressing, the now renamed Friedrichsbrücke, named after Grand Duke Frederick, opened in 1903. Despite hopes of the bridge lasting for centuries, it was replaced due to a variety of reasons in 1962 with the removal of its base done in 1967, and final construction completed in 1969. The new bridge was the Kronenbrücke an oval-shaped twin bridge, enhancing traffic management and navigation on the inner city ring road. History was soon to be repeated as the current incarnation was unable to be modified to allow a planned tram line. The Kronenbrücke was demolished in 2015 to make way for a new economical bridge featuring a tram line.  Its replacement, also called Kronenbrücke, has a simpler straight road guidance system which allowed a more economical bridge size.

text:
# Kronenbrücke

The **Kronenbrücke** was built on the site of the original bridge which crossed the Dreisam and was one of the two oldest bridges in Freiburg im Breisgau, a city on the edge of the Black Forest in the Baden-Württemberg region of Germany. In 1869, an iron bridge with stone substructure replaced the original wooden bridge across the River Dreisam. This, however, lasted only three years due to excessive flooding and the replacement erected was Gartenstraßen. After extensive work was done to dams and shores to prevent the bridge collapsing in the manner of its predecessor and the building of two others, to reduce frequent stressing, the now renamed Friedrichsbrücke, named after Grand Duke Frederick, opened in 1903. Despite hopes of the bridge lasting for centuries, it was replaced due to a variety of reasons in 1962 with the removal of its base done in 1967, and final construction completed in 1969. The new bridge was the Kronenbrücke an oval-shaped twin bridge, enhancing traffic management and navigation on the inner city ring road. History was soon to be repeated as the current incarnation was unable to be modified to allow a planned tram line. The Kronenbrücke was demolished in 2015 to make way for a new economical bridge featuring a tram line.  Its replacement, also called Kronenbrücke, has a simpler straight road guidance system which allowed a more economical bridge size.

## History

### Wooden Footbridge (up to 1869)

In the Middle Ages, a wooden footbridge crossed the river at the site of today's bridge. It formed part of the trade route going from Frankfurt to Basel, which ran from Martinstor along the streets now known as Gartenstraße and Kronenstraße.

### Gartenstraßenbrücke (1869–1903)

The wooden bridge was eventually replaced by an iron bridge with a stone foundation in 1869. However, it was not stable and had to be rebuilt three years later, after collapsing when the River Dreisam flooded. At the turn of the century, urban planners said increasing traffic meant the 10-metre-meter-wide (33 ft) bridge was too narrow. Although the Gartenstraßenbrücke was not heavily damaged by the 100-year flood of 1896, it did demonstrate that the bridge was not fit to drain large quantities of water and its base was partially washed away. The city council decided to renovate six crossings of the River Dreisam, including the Gartenstraßenbrücke, as well as investing in further river bank reinforcements.

### Friedrichsbrücke (1903–1967)

The new bridge was opened in 1903 on the Golden Jubilee of Frederick I. It was named Friedrichsbrücke. It had cost 267,000 marks and had a width of 5 m (16 ft). Its three segments used the same abutment as the Gartenstraßenbrücke and adjoining road, but it was completely rebuilt. The new construction meant that any traffic-related tremors of the road would not affect the bridge's stability. The bridge's Jugendstil railing was made by the Armbrüster brothers. It featured ornate motifs of local trees and bushes, the branches of which descend down to the supporting arches of the iron bridge construction. The Grand Duke's coat of arms, and the city of Freiburg's coat of arms, were placed at the center of the railing. The end of the railings were decorated with large dragons, while the pillars holding the street lamps were decorated with lion heads made of white sandstone. In an allusion to these features, the bridge became colloquially known as the "mother-in-law bridge". The railings were removed and preserved until the bridge was reconstructed. They were later used in the reconstruction of the bridge renamed Schnewlinbrücke in 1977, using the local nickname for the bridge.

### Oval twin bridge (1967–2015)

In 1963, the city council decided to rebuild the bridge as an oval twin bridge. This was one of a number of projects to improve the accessibility of the city centre and make Freiburg a "car-friendly city", along with the construction of the B31 approach road and a four-lane expansion of Kronenstraße. The construction of the first bridge cost 1.4 million marks and was completed in 1967. It crossed the River Dreisam west of Friedrichsbrücke. Both bridges remained in use at the same time, until the city council also decided to rebuild Friedrichsbrücke, which suffered from corrosion and was too weak. This renovation, at a cost of 1.67 million marks, included a complete removal of the foundations. The complete twin bridge was eventually opened to traffic under the name Kronenbrücke in 1969. Due to its oval shape and size, it is also known colloquially as the "elephant loo".

## Demolition and Reconstruction

In the course of the project to redevelop the city, it was agreed that Kronenbrücke was to be demolished, as for structural reasons it would not otherwise have been possible to lay new tram tracks across the bridge.

It was closed to motor vehicles on February 2, 2015. A temporary replacement bridge serving pedestrians and cyclists was opened to the public on June 22, 2015. Delays in demolishing and rebuilding the bridge since then have been due to a high-pressure gas pipeline and a miscalculation of the volume of the old bridge (1800 instead of 1100 cubic metres). Demolition of the bridge commenced in December 2015. The new bridge is to be finished by the end of 2018. With a delay of one year, the actual redevelopment works began in March 2017. The new bridge will no longer be made of prestressed concrete but instead of reinforced concrete with a steel support structure containing knots of crucible steel. This is unusual, given the expansion of 40 m2 (48 sq yd).

The opening in the middle of the bridge will not be oval like that of the previous bridge.

In March 2017, following the installment of the new abutments, two heavy-goods vehicles delivered each a steel triangle measuring 16 m (17 yd) long, 5.5 m (6.0 yd) wide, almost 4 m (4.4 yd) tall and weighing 25 tons from Steinach am Brenner. These triangles were put in place with a crane and welded into place with connecting tubes over the River Dreisam. Preparations of the formwork for concrete construction began in April 2017. It took 70 workers 13 hours during the night of June 27 to cast the concrete. 150 loads of ready-mix concrete, each weighing 20 tonnes and with a total volume of 1,200 m3 (1,600 cu yd), were used in the process. The work had originally been due to take place during the night of the June 21st, but high temperatures meant it had to be postponed for a week. The subsequent drying and hardening of the concrete took four weeks.

47°59′26″N 7°50′41″E / 47.9905°N 7.8447°E / 47.9905; 7.8447


abstract: The Richard Tapia Celebration of Diversity in Computing Conference is a conference designed to promote diversity, connect undergraduate and graduate students, faculty, researchers, and professionals in computing from all backgrounds and ethnicities. The conferences are sponsored by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and presented by the Center for Minorities and People with Disabilities in Information Technology (CMD-IT). The conferences are named after Professor Richard Tapia. Tapia is an internationally acclaimed scientist, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the first recipient of the Computing Research Association's A. Nico Habermann Award for outstanding contributions to aiding members of underrepresented groups within the computing community, a member of the National Science Board, and recipient of the Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring from President Bill Clinton.

text:
# Richard Tapia Celebration of Diversity in Computing

**The Richard Tapia Celebration of Diversity in Computing Conference** is a conference designed to promote diversity, connect undergraduate and graduate students, faculty, researchers, and professionals in computing from all backgrounds and ethnicities. The conferences are sponsored by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and presented by the Center for Minorities and People with Disabilities in Information Technology (CMD-IT). The conferences are named after Professor Richard Tapia. Tapia is an internationally acclaimed scientist, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the first recipient of the Computing Research Association's A. Nico Habermann Award for outstanding contributions to aiding members of underrepresented groups within the computing community, a member of the National Science Board, and recipient of the Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring from President Bill Clinton.

## Conference structure

The Richard Tapia Celebration consists of three tracks: technical sessions, professional development, and broadening participation. These three tracks include Birds of a Feather sessions, workshops, panels, posters, and a Doctoral Consortium. Since 2017, the Celebration also serves as one of the ACM Student Research Competition sites.

### Richard A. Tapia Achievement Award

The Richard A. Tapia Achievement Award for Scientific Scholarship, Civic Science and Diversifying Computing is awarded at the Celebration to individuals who have made significant contributions to broadening participation in computer science.

Past recipients:

## List of Conferences

Past conferences include:

| Year | Location | Date |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | Virtual Tapia | September 16–19 |
| 2019 | San Diego, California | September 18–21 |
| 2018 | Orlando, Florida | September 19–22 |
| 2017 | Atlanta, Georgia | September 20–23 |
| 2016 | Austin, Texas | September 14–17 |
| 2015 | Boston, Massachusetts | February 18–21 |
| 2014 | Seattle, Washington | February 5–8 |
| 2013 | Washington, D.C. | February 7–10 |
| 2011 | San Francisco, California | April 3–5 |
| 2009 | Portland, Oregon | April 1–4 |
| 2007 | Orlando, Florida | October 14–17 |
| 2005 | Albuquerque, New Mexico | October 19–22 |
| 2003 | Atlanta, Georgia | October 15–18 |
| 2001 | Houston, Texas | October 18–20 |

## InfoBox

| Richard Tapia Celebration of Diversity in Computing | |
| --- | --- |
| Discipline | Computer Science |
| Publication details | |
| Publisher | Coalition to Diversify Computing, Association for Computing Machinery and Center for Minorities and People with Disabilities in Information Technology |
| Frequency | annual |


title: Kujang Estate

abstract: Kujang Estate was a small zamindari or estate located on the northern coast of the present-day state of Odisha in India. It was founded by Mallik Sandha, a teacher who established the Sandha dynasty. According to several sources, the Kujang kings enthusiastically patronized and spread education in their lands and played an important role in the Indian Independence Movement in Odisha.

text:
# Kujang Estate

**Kujang Estate** was a small zamindari or estate located on the northern coast of the present-day state of Odisha in India. It was founded by Mallik Sandha, a teacher who established the Sandha dynasty. According to several sources, the Kujang kings enthusiastically patronized and spread education in their lands and played an important role in the Indian Independence Movement in Odisha.

## Origin

Mallik Sandha was a teacher working in the court of the Gajapati Empire, the ruling imperial dynasty of Odisha. In 1641, he established the Kujang kingdom, based in the coastal area of Kujang. There is a legend about the establishment of Kujang. According to the legend, the raja (ruler) of Dobas Garh was troubled by a savage bull ravaging the countryside and the citizens were terrified. The raja issued a proclamation declaring that he would give one-fourth of his kingdom to anyone who would rid his kingdom of the bull without hurting the bull in any way. Mallik Sandha successfully completed the task and received one-fourth of Dobas Garh. When the ruler of Dobas Garh died, he annexed the whole kingdom.

## History

Henceforth, Mallik Sandha's descendants called the Sandha or Sendha dynasty, ruled the kingdom. Kujang became a rich estate, deriving great revenue from agriculture and sea trade.

Mallik Sandha reigned for 29 years until 1671 and was succeeded by his son Sochendra Sendha, who ruled for 21 years.

### Piracy

Xuanzang, the famous Buddhist monk who came to India in the 7th century, warned people not to sway and navigate through the Kujang Coast, since it was a hotbed for pirates who had built a strong sea fort there. The Kujang kings continued the tradition of navigation, in which they achieved excellency. Kujang became a "workshop of naval warfare". The kings of Kujang were efficient navigators who used Kaibarta soldiers to defend their coast from invaders.

Their seafaring activities included sinking and looting a large number of British ships under the rule of Raja Krishna Chandra Sendha Narendra (1770-1791). The British complained to Mudhoji Bhonsle, the Maratha ruler of Nagpur Kingdom and overlord of Orissa. Mudhoji Bhonsle instructed Madhaji Hari, the Maratha governor of Orissa, to investigate the allegations made against the raja of Kujang by the British. However, Madhaji Hari did not take the matter seriously, restoring some loot and captives, being satisfied with Krishna Chandra Sendha's apology. However, this lenience angered Mudhoji Bhonsle and he recalled Madhaji Hari from Orissa and appointed a new governor, Rajaram Pandit.

### Legend of Puri

Mukunda Deva, the last independent king of united Odisha, was defeated by the general of the Bengal Sultanate, Kalapahar. Kalapahar penetrated deep into Orissa , reaching as far as the town of Puri and raiding the famed Jagannath Temple for its wealth. In the process, he also took away the sacred statues of Lord Jagannatha. A legend has developed about Jagannatha's reinstallation in the temple. The Madala Panji, an important chronicle of Odia history, describes how Bisar Mohanty, a pious man from Kujang was able to rescue the most sacred portion of the Jagannatha image after Kalapahar had burnt the wooden carving on the banks of the Ganga River. Bisar Mohanty took the unburnt portion of the original image to Kujang where it was protected by the king of Kujang until the king of Khurda, Ramachandra Deva I brought the statue back to Puri.

The rajas of kujang were important patrons of the Sarala Temple. It is claimed that the Raja of Kujang imported Brahmins to achieve the end of legitimizing the cult of *Maa Sarala* (a goddess) in the eyes of higher castes within and outside the region .

### Maratha Period

In the early 18th century, the Maratha leader Raghoji I Bhonsle was eying Odisha for its rich coastal plains. His general Bhaskar Pandit had passed through Odisha on his way to invade the Nawab of Bengal, and soon the Nagpur Kingdom took control of Odisha from Alivardi Khan in 1751 after the brutal Maratha invasions of Bengal. The Garhjats or princely states of Odisha submitted to the Marathas one by one.

During the reign of King Vishambara Sendha Narendra, the Marathas under the leadership of the general Bhaskar Pandit repeatedly failed to capture Kujang. His successor, King Chaturbhuj Sandha (1751-1770), waged continuous wars against the Marathas. The fictional Oriya novel *Bibasini* written by Ramshankar Ray makes reference to the struggle of the king of Kujang to expel the Maratha governor of Orrisa, Shamhuji Ganesh from his country. But eventually Kujang had to submit and became one of the Garhjat states paying tribute to the Maratha rulers of Nagpur.

The Kujang kingdom reached its height during the reign of Gangadhar Sendha Narendra Bahadur (1794 - ?). After the Second Anglo-Maratha War, the British EIC annexed Odisha to their domains and made the Garhjat kingdoms submit to them.

### British Period

The British colonel Knox was appointed as the surveyor of Kujang, to which the raja of Kujang Balabhadra Sendha Narendra Bahadur was opposed to. Balbhadra died soon afterwards, possible murdered by his Dewan in the last week of September 1804. the dead king's brother Chandradhwaja was anxious to be recognized as the new ruler of Kujang by the British. But the British Colonel Harcourt first examined the defences of Kajung and all other information, only then was Chandradhwaja recognized as the raja in November-December of 1804. He conspired with the raja of Khurda and raja of Kanika to make a common cause against the British and indulged in hostile activities. Due to this the British arrested him in May 1805.

Raja Virbhadra Sandha Narendra Bahadur of Kujang protested against the entry of the British into his kingdom and their collection of salt. With his troops he looted and destroyed the British salt collection centres in Renua, Bakurd and Astarang. In 1817, the rajas of Kujang along with some other zamindars of Odisha staunchly supported the Paika Rebellion against the British. This was due to widespread sentiment against British rule all across Odisha, including Kujang, which became an important centre of revolt. The British dispatched Captain C.R. Kennet to suppress the revolt at Kujang, Gope and Golra. The raja of Kujang finally surrendered on 2nd of October, 1817. Two important leaders of the Paika Rebellion\- Narayana Paramaguru and Bamadeva Patajoshi, were captured.

The British were irritated by the repeated rebellions of the Kujang zamindars. The famine of 1866 severely affected Kujang and put the ruler, Bidyadhar Sendha, in further debt. Due to the rebellious nature of the Kujang rajas and their continuous debt, the British government sold the estate in an auction in 1868 to the Queen of Bardhaman for Rs 5,50,00,000; whose rulers were loyal to the British. However, the royal family of Kujang was still respected by the people of the estate.

Ratnamali Jema, an Indian freedom fighter and politician, was a princess of the dispossessed Kujang royal family.

## List of known rulers

This is a list of the known rulers of the Kujang Estate:

* Raja Mallik Sandha (1641 - c. 1671)
* Raja Sochendra Sondo Sendha (c. 1671 - c. 1692)
* Raja Damodar Sendha c. 1702
* Raja Vishambara Sendha Narendra
* Raja Chaturbhuj Sendha Narendra (1751-1770)
* Raja Krishna Chandra Sendha Narendra (1770-1791)
* Raja Gangadhar Sandha Sendha Narendra Bahadur (1794 - ?)
* Raja Balabhadra Sendha Narendra Bahadur (died September 1804)
* Raja Chandradhwaja Sendha Narendra Bahadur (November 1804- May 1805)
* Raja Virbhadra Sendha Narendra Bahadur (1805 - ?)
* Raja Janardhan Sendha Narendra Bahadur c. 1835
* Raja Bidyadhar Sendha Narendra Bahadur (? - 1868)
*
* Jagadisha Sandha (Early 20th century)

## InfoBox

| Kujang Estate | |
| --- | --- |
| 1641–1868 | |
| Capital | Kujang |
| Common languages | Odia language |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Government | Monarchy |
| Raja |  |
| Historical era | Early modern |
|  | |
| Reward of land from Dobas Garh | 1641 |
| Sold in auction to the Bardhaman Raj | 1868 |
|  | |
| Area | |
| Total | 928 km2 (358 sq mi) |
|  | |
| Today part of | India |


title: Rien que pour ça

abstract: Rien que pour ça... is the second album by the French singer Elsa Lunghini and was released in 1990.NB. Sound quality: ADD.

text:
# Rien que pour ça

***Rien que pour ça...*** is the second album by the French singer Elsa Lunghini and was released in 1990.
NB. Sound quality: ADD.

## Background and critical reception

In this album, recorded in London, Elsa continued her musical collaboration with her father, Georges Lunghini, since he was co-producer of the album and composed all the tracks with Vincent-Marie Bouvot, except the eponymous title, which was composed by Elsa herself.

For the texts, Elsa was surrounded by famous lyricists : Gérard Presgurvic and Thierry Séchan, Renaud's brother.

This album confirmed the success of Elsa to the public : indeed, in addition to being certified double Gold by the SNEP, it allowed her to go on stage for the first time. Indeed, she climbed on Olympia stage, Paris, in October 1990 to perform songs from her first two albums.

In 1991, "Je s'rai là" was released as the fourth single from the album, but as a promotional CD in Canada only.

## Track listing

| # | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Je viens vers toi"
(Thierry Séchan / Vincent-Marie BouvotGeorges Lunghini) | 3:25 |
| 2. | "Pleure doucement"
(Thierry Séchan / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 3:59 |
| 3. | "Faudrait pas croire"
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 3:05 |
| 4. | "Qu'est-ce que ça peut lui faire ?"
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 3:20 |
| 5. | "On verra bien demain"
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 4:05 |
| 6. | "Un Enfant qui s'en va"
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 4:30 |
| 7. | "L'Amour sur le fil"
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 4:30 |
| 8. | "Parler"
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 4:20 |
| 9. | "Rien que pour ça..."
(Gérard Presgurvic / Elsa) | 2:45 |
| 10. | "Je s'rai là"
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 3:20 |
| 11. | "Pour qui tu cours ?" 1
(Gérard Presgurvic / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 4:25 |
| 11. | "Bats-toi"
(Thierry Séchan / Vincent-Marie Bouvot – Georges Lunghini) | 4:35 |

1 Only on CD and cassette versions of the album.

## Album credits

### Personnel

### Production

### Design

## Charts, certifications and sales

## InfoBox

| Rien que pour ça... | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Elsa Lunghini | |
| Released | 3 September 1990 |
| Recorded | May–July 1990
Master Rock Studios, London |
| Genre | Pop |
| Length | 47:05 |
| Label | Ariola, BMG, Neige Music |
| Producer | Gus Dudgeon
Georges Lunghini (exec.) |
| Elsa Lunghini chronology | |
| *Elsa*
(1988) ***Rien que pour ça...***
(1990) *Douce violence*
(1992) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Rien que pour ça...* | |
| 1. "Rien que pour ça..."
Released: September 1990 2. "Pleure doucement"
Released: January 1991 3. "Qu'est-ce que ça peut lui faire ?"
Released: June 1991 | |
|  | |


title: Rien que de l'eau

abstract: "Rien que de l'eau" is a 1992 pop song recorded by French singer Véronique Sanson. Written by Bernard Swell and Sanson with a music composed by Swell, it was the lead single from her tenth studio album Sans Regrets, on which it appears as the fourth track, and was released in June 1992. It was a top ten in France and was heavily aired on radio, and became one of Sanson's most famous songs.

text:
# Rien que de l'eau

"**Rien que de l'eau**" is a 1992 pop song recorded by French singer Véronique Sanson. Written by Bernard Swell and Sanson with a music composed by Swell, it was the lead single from her tenth studio album *Sans Regrets*, on which it appears as the fourth track, and was released in June 1992. It was a top ten in France and was heavily aired on radio, and became one of Sanson's most famous songs.

## Background and writing

"Rien que de l'eau" is a French adaptation of "I Wanna Know", a song written and composed by Bernard Swell, with whom Sanson lived in the 1980s. The original song in English was released as a single under Polydor label in 1991, but went mostly unnoticed. Sanson, who was preparing her new studio album *Sans Regrets*, asked Swell to keep the melody of "I Wanna Know", which she liked, and to use new lyrics in French; however, as she wrote one of the verses, she is credited as co-lyricist. Swell, who was mainly a composer, said he had difficulties finding lyrics, and that following the success of "Rien que de l'eau", he was asked to write for other artists, which he declined.

Lyrically, "Rien que de l'eau" is a tribute to water, presented as essential in human life, and may be linked to Sanson's 1988 song "Un peu d'air pur et hop !", which *Télé Loisirs* described as "another ecological anthem"; however, Sanson said in interviews that she does not promote activism or a political view on these issues. Sanson, who lived in Los Angeles when Swell wrote the song, found it adequate to write a text on the benefits of water, as California was experiencing severe droughts at that time.

## Live performances

"Rien que de l'eau" was performed live during Sanson's 1993 and 2005 concert tours and thus included on the live albums *Zenith 93* (1993), *Olympia 2005* (2013), as well as on Sanson's compilation *Les Moments importants* (2001).

On 26 April 2019, on the occasion of Sanson's 70th birthday anniversary two days earlier, Christine & The Queens performed a live cover of "Rien que de l'eau", broadcast in a French TV show on France 3. Sanson said she liked the cover and was very glad of this adaptation able to reach younger people and, as of August 2019, the performance, posted on Christine & The Queen's Facebook account, had about 6 millions views.

## Chart performance

In France, "Rien que de l'eau" debuted at number 45 on the chart edition of 20 June 1992, reached the top ten six weeks later, peaked at number six for a sole week in its tenth week, and totalled 19 weeks in the top 50. On the European Hot 100, it started at number 95 on 25 July 1992, reached a peak of number 37 in its seventh week and totaled 14 weeks on the chart. Regularly played on radio, it was number one for weeks on the AM National Airplay Chart.

## Track listings

1. "Rien que de l'eau" — 4:29
2. "Jusqu'à la tombée du jour" — 3:47

1. "Rien que de l'eau" — 4:29
2. "Jusqu'à la tombée du jour" — 3:47

1. "Rien que de l'eau" — 4:29
2. "Jusqu'à la tombée du jour" — 3:47

## Personnel

* Design – Duetto Design Studio
* Producer – Bernard Saint Paul
* Recording – Peter R. Kelsey
* Design – Duetto Design Studio

## Charts

| Chart (1992) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) | 37 |
| France (Airplay Chart \[AM Stations\]) | 1 |
| France (SNEP) | 6 |
| Québec (Francophone chart) | 18 |
|

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| France | 1992 | CD single | WEA |
| | | 7" single | |
| | | Cassette | |
|

## InfoBox

| "Rien que de l'eau" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Véronique Sanson | |
| from the album  *Sans Regrets* | |
| B-side | "Jusqu'à la tombée du jour" |
| Released | 1992 |
| Recorded | 1992 |
| Genre | Pop, chanson |
| Length | 4:29 |
| Label | WEA |
| Composer(s) | Bernard Swell |
| Lyricist(s) | Bernard Swell, Véronique Sanson |
| Producer(s) | Bernard Saint-Paul |
| Véronique Sanson singles chronology | |
| "Paranoïa"
(1989) "**Rien que de l'eau**"
(1992) "Panne de cœur"
(1992) | |


title: Kukunoor

abstract: Kukunoor is a village in Eluru District of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was in Khammam district, until the formation of Telangana state in 2 June 2014.

text:
# Kukunoor

**Kukunoor** is a village in Eluru District of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was in Khammam district, until the formation of Telangana state in 2 June 2014.

## Geography

Kukunoor is located at 17°34′00″N 81°11′00″E / 17.5667°N 81.1833°E / 17.5667; 81.1833. It has an average elevation of 29 metres (98 ft).

## Demographics

As of 2011 Census of India, Kukunoor had a population of 6380. The total population constitute, 3176 males and 3204 females with a sex ratio of 1009 females per 1000 males. 539 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, with sex ratio of 918. The average literacy rate stands at 64.42%.

## Transport

Bhadrachalam to Rajahmundry buses stop here daily. Nearest airport is Rajahmundry Airport.Nearest railway station is Bhadrachalam Road railway station located in Kothagudem.

## InfoBox

| Kukunoor | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Dynamic map | |
| KukunoorLocation in Andhra Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates: 17°34′00″N 81°11′00″E / 17.5667°N 81.1833°E / 17.5667; 81.1833 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| District | Eluru |
| Elevation | 42 m (138 ft) |
| Population | |
| Total | 6,380 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | AP 37, AP 39 |
| Climate | hot (Köppen) |


title: Królewiny

abstract: Królewiny is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Pyzdry, within Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

text:
# Królewiny

**Królewiny** \[krulɛˈvinɨ\] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Pyzdry, within Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Królewiny | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Królewiny | |
| Coordinates: 52°09′26″N 17°45′03″E / 52.15722°N 17.75083°E / 52.15722; 17.75083 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Września |
| Gmina | Pyzdry |


title: Królewiec Voivodeship

abstract: The Królewiec Voivodeship was a short-lived voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, with capital in the city of Królewiec, that existed during the Thirteen Years' War. It was established by king Casimir IV Jagiellon in April 1454, following the incorporation of the city and the surrounding area into Poland, from the territory of the State of the Teutonic Order. Following the capitulation of Polish forces in the battle of Kneiphof, on 14 February 1455, the voivodeship fall under the control of the Teutonic forces. The voivodeship formally ceased to exists following the signing of the Second Peace of Thorn, on 19 October 1466, which affirmed its area under the ownership of the State of the Teutonic Order, as a part and fief of Poland.

text:
# Królewiec Voivodeship

The **Królewiec Voivodeship** was a short-lived voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, with capital in the city of Królewiec (now Kaliningrad, Russia), that existed during the Thirteen Years' War. It was established by king Casimir IV Jagiellon in April 1454, following the incorporation of the city and the surrounding area into Poland, from the territory of the State of the Teutonic Order. Following the capitulation of Polish forces in the battle of Kneiphof, on 14 February 1455, the voivodeship fall under the control of the Teutonic forces. The voivodeship formally ceased to exists following the signing of the Second Peace of Thorn, on 19 October 1466, which affirmed its area under the ownership of the State of the Teutonic Order, as a part and fief of Poland.

## Government

The region was governed by the voivode. The only voivode of the voivodeship Ścibor Bażyński, who was in the office from April 1454 to 1455. The last mention of Ścibor, that refers to him as the voivode of Królewiec, comes from 12 April 1455. Due to the ongoing fighting in the region during the Thirteen Years' War, and later its occupation, the voivodeship did not have an organized administration, nor appointed the new voivode after 1455.

## Citations

### Notes

### References

1. Zdzisław Kaczmarczyk, Bogusław Leśnodorski: *Historia państwa i prawa Polski*, vol. 2: *od połowy XV wieku do r. 1795*, 4th edition. Warsaw: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1971, p. 161–162.
2. Wojciech Hejnosz: *Przyczynki do dziejów ustrojowych Prus i Pomorza: o zaginionych województwach pruskich: królewieckim, elbląskim i niderlandzkim*. In: *Zapiski Towarzystwa Naukowego w Toruniu*, vol. 15, book 3–4, p. 10, 1950.
3. Marian Biskup: *Trzynastoletnia wojna z Zakonem Krzyżackim*, Oświęcim, 2014, p. 378. ISBN 978-83-7889-288-5.
4. "II pokój toruński (19 października 1466 r.)". *historia.org.pl* (in Polish).
5. Górski, Karol (1949). *Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych* (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni. pp. 96–97, 214–215.
6. Krzysztof Mikulski: *Urzędnicy Prus Królewskich XV–XVIII wieku*. Wrocław–Warsaw–Kraków: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1990, p. 12, 94. ISBN 83-04-03523-5.
7. Paweł Czaplewski: *Senatorowie świeccy, podskarbiowie i starostowie Prus Królewskich 1454–1772*. In: Roczniki Towarzystwa Naukowego w Toruniu. vol. XXVI–XXVIII (1919–1921), p. 8, 1921. Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu.

## InfoBox

| Królewiec Voivodeship | |
| --- | --- |
| Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland | |
| 1454–1466 | |
| Capital | Królewiec (*de facto* 1454–1455; *de jure* 1454–1466)
Knipawa (*de facto* 1455)
*none* (*de facto* 1455–1466) |
| Government |  |
| Voivode |  |
|  | |
| 1454–1455 | Ścibor Bażyński |
|  | |
|  | |
| History |  |
|  | |
| Established | April 1454 |
| capitulation of Knipawa | 14 February 1455 |
| Second Peace of Thorn | 19 October 1466 |
|  | |
| Contained within |  |
| Country | Crown of the Kingdom of Poland |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Kroustas

abstract: Kroustas is a village close to Agios Nikolaos on the island of Crete, Greece. It is located on a hill 520 m above the sea level. In the year 2021 the village had 415 inhabitants. Kroustas is known for its views of Mirabello Bay. It is also known for its traditional cuisine including myzithropites, ftazymo bread and aiga vrasti. In the past people of Kroustas were shepherds and land workers. However, nowadays, following the growing tourist industry in east Crete, many of the village people work in the nearby resorts of Agios Nikolaos and Elounda.

text:
# Kroustas

**Kroustas** is a village close to Agios Nikolaos on the island of Crete, Greece. It is located on a hill 520 m above the sea level. In the year 2021 the village had 415 inhabitants.

Kroustas is known for its views of Mirabello Bay. It is also known for its traditional cuisine including myzithropites (special cheese pies), ftazymo bread and aiga vrasti (boiled goat).

In the past people of Kroustas were shepherds and land workers. However, nowadays, following the growing tourist industry in east Crete, many of the village people work in the nearby resorts of Agios Nikolaos and Elounda.

## InfoBox

| Kroustas Κρούστας | |
| --- | --- |
| Community | |
| Kroustas | |
| Coordinates: 35°08′21″N 25°39′35″E / 35.13917°N 25.65972°E / 35.13917; 25.65972 | |
| Country | Greece |
| Administrative region | Crete |
| Regional unit | Lasithi |
| Municipality | Agios Nikolaos |
| Municipal unit | Agios Nikolaos |
| Population (2021) | |
| Community | 415 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Kroučová

abstract: Kroučová is a municipality and village in Rakovník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

text:
# Kroučová

**Kroučová** is a municipality and village in Rakovník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1869 | 298 |  |
| 1880 | 325 | +9.1% |
| 1890 | 345 | +6.2% |
| 1900 | 330 | −4.3% |
| 1910 | 387 | +17.3% |
| 1921 | 411 | +6.2% |
| 1930 | 424 | +3.2% |
| 1950 | 353 | −16.7% |
| 1961 | 338 | −4.2% |
| 1970 | 343 | +1.5% |
| 1980 | 306 | −10.8% |
| 1991 | 261 | −14.7% |
| 2001 | 245 | −6.1% |
| 2011 | 253 | +3.3% |
| 2021 | 280 | +10.7% |
| Source: Censuses | | |

## InfoBox

| Kroučová | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| View from the south | |
|  | |
| KroučováLocation in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 50°12′25″N 13°47′2″E / 50.20694°N 13.78389°E / 50.20694; 13.78389 | |
| Country | Czech Republic |
| Region | Central Bohemian |
| District | Rakovník |
| First mentioned | 1361 |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.46 km2 (1.34 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 482 m (1,581 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01) | |
| Total | 281 |
| Density | 81/km2 (210/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 270 54 |
| Website | www.obec-kroucova.cz |


title: Kuntur Puna

abstract: Kuntur Puna is a mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Amazonas Region, Luya Province, Conila District, and in the Utcubamba Province, in the districts Jamalca and Lonya Grande. It is one of the area's tallest mountains.

text:
# Kuntur Puna

**Kuntur Puna** (Quechua *kuntur* condor, *puna* an ecoregion near the Andes, "condor puna", Hispanicized spelling *Condor Puna, Condorpuna, Cóndor Puna, Cóndorpuna*) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Amazonas Region, Luya Province, Conila District, and in the Utcubamba Province, in the districts Jamalca and Lonya Grande. It is one of the area's tallest mountains.

## InfoBox

| Kuntur Puna | |
| --- | --- |
| A rock on the mountain Kuntur Puna | |
| Highest point | |
| Coordinates | 6°03′53″S 78°17′27″W / 6.06472°S 78.29083°W / -6.06472; -78.29083 |
| Naming | |
| Language of name | Quechua |
| Geography | |
| Kuntur PunaPeru | |
| Location | Peru, Amazonas Region, Luya Province, Utcubamba Province |
| Parent range | Andes |


title: Kuntur Puñuna

abstract: Kuntur Puñuna is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is located in the Puno Region, Lampa Province, Santa Lucía District.

text:
# Kuntur Puñuna

**Kuntur Puñuna** (quechua kuntur condor, *puñuna* bed, "condor bed", Hispanicized spelling *Condor Puñuna*) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is located in the Puno Region, Lampa Province, Santa Lucía District.

## InfoBox

| Kuntur Puñuna | |
| --- | --- |
| Kuntur PuñunaPeru | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 4,800 m (15,700 ft) |
| Coordinates | 15°37′19″S 70°45′42″W / 15.62194°S 70.76167°W / -15.62194; -70.76167 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Peru, Puno Region, Lampa Province |
| Parent range | Andes |


title: Kurilohadalia elongata

abstract: Kurilohadalia elongata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

text:
# Kurilohadalia elongata

***Kurilohadalia elongata*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

## Description

## Distribution

This marine species was found in the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench, Northern Pacific

* Kantor, Yu I., and A. V. Sysoev. "A new genus and new species from the family Turridae (Gastropoda, Toxoglossa) in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean." *Zoologichesky Zhurnal* 65.4 (1986): 485–498.

* Tucker, J.K. (2004). "Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)" (PDF). *Zootaxa*. **682**: 1–1295. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.682.1.1.

## InfoBox

| *Kurilohadalia elongata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Pseudomelatomidae |
| Genus: | *Kurilohadalia* |
| Species: | ***K. elongata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Kurilohadalia elongata***<br>Sysoev & Kantor, 1986 | |
|


title: Rimvydas Valatka

abstract: Rimvydas Valatka is a Lithuanian journalist and signatory of the 1990 Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania. He graduated from Vilnius Pedagogical University in 1980 with a degree in history education. He now works as deputy chief editor of the largest Lithuanian daily Lietuvos rytas and editor-in-chief of its online edition at lrytas.lt. 2012-2015 editor-in-chief of the newspaper and news portal 15min, 2015-2016 editor-in-chief and director of Veidas magazine, in 2017 the editor-in-chief of the ELTA news agency.

text:
# Rimvydas Valatka

**Rimvydas Valatka** (born 19 December 1956 near Irkutsk, Soviet Union) is a Lithuanian journalist and signatory of the 1990 Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania. He graduated from Vilnius Pedagogical University in 1980 with a degree in history education. He now works as deputy chief editor of the largest Lithuanian daily *Lietuvos rytas* and editor-in-chief of its online edition at lrytas.lt.

2012-2015 editor-in-chief of the newspaper and news portal 15min, 2015-2016 editor-in-chief and director of Veidas magazine, in 2017 the editor-in-chief of the ELTA news agency.


title: Rincón Chamula San Pedro

abstract: Rincón Chamula San Pedro is a municipality in the Mexican state of Chiapas, located approximately 54 kilometres (34 mi) north of the state capital of Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Unlike the mestizo population of the surrounding towns, its population is mostly indigenous Tzotzil.

text:
# Rincón Chamula San Pedro

**Rincón Chamula San Pedro** is a municipality in the Mexican state of Chiapas, located approximately 54 kilometres (34 mi) north of the state capital of Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Unlike the mestizo population of the surrounding towns, its population is mostly indigenous Tzotzil.

## Geography

The municipality of Rincón Chamula San Pedro is located in the Northern Mountains of Chiapas. It borders the municipalities of Ixhuatán to the north, Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán to the east, Jitotol to the south, Rayón to the southwest, and Tapilula to the northwest. The municipality covers an area of 77.93 square kilometres (30.09 sq mi).

The terrain of Rincón Chamula San Pedro is mountainous, ranging from 1,500 to 2,400 metres (4,900 to 7,900 ft) in elevation. The forests that used to cover the entirety of the municipality have been replaced to a significant extent by farmland and rangeland.

The climate ranges from temperate to tropical depending on the elevation, with rain falling year-round.

## History

In the 17th century, the community of Rincón Chamula San Pedro was founded by Tzotzil who had been expelled from San Juan Chamula for religious reasons. It was attached to Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán when that municipality was established in 1922. On 18 August 2017, the Congress of Chiapas approved the separation of Rincón Chamula San Pedro and its neighbouring communities to create a new municipality. The decree establishing Rincón Chamula San Pedro and Capitán Luis Ángel Vidal as new municipalities was gazetted on 6 September 2017.

## Administration

In 2018, Rincón Chamula San Pedro elected its first municipal president, Reynaldo Girón Bautista.

## Demographics

In the 2010 Mexican Census, the localities that now comprise the municipality of Rincón Chamula San Pedro recorded a total population of 7244 inhabitants, 5968 or 82% of which reported speaking an indigenous language, Tzotzil being the main one spoken. Of the population that spoke an indigenous language, 58% also spoke Spanish.

There are nine localities in the municipality, of which only the municipal seat named Rincón Chamula is designated as urban. It recorded a population of 5592 inhabitants in the 2010 Census.

## Economy

Agriculture and animal husbandry are the major economic activities in Rincón Chamula San Pedro. The main crops grown are corn, beans, potatoes, and onions. At lower elevations, beef cattle and pigs are raised.

## InfoBox

| Rincón Chamula San Pedro | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Rincón Chamula San PedroLocation of Rincón Chamula San PedroRincón Chamula San PedroRincón Chamula San Pedro (Mexico) | |
| Coordinates: 17°12′34″N 92°56′15″W / 17.20944°N 92.93750°W / 17.20944; -92.93750 | |
| Country | Mexico |
| State | Chiapas |
| Gazetted | 6 September 2017 |
| Seat | Rincón Chamula |
| Government | |
| President | Reynaldo Girón Bautista |
| Area | |
| Total | 77.93 km2 (30.09 sq mi) |
| Elevation (of seat) | 1,879 m (6,165 ft) |
| Population (2010 Census) | |
| Total | 7,244 |
| Density | 93/km2 (240/sq mi) |
| Seat | 5,592 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (Central) |
| Postal codes | 29759 |
| Area code | 919 |
| Website | Official website |


title: Kuroki, Saskatchewan

abstract: Kuroki is a hamlet in the Rural Municipality of Sasman No. 336, Saskatchewan, Canada. Listed as a designated place by Statistics Canada, the hamlet had a population of 50 in the Canada 2016 Census. The community is named after the Japanese general Kuroki Tamemoto.

text:
# Kuroki, Saskatchewan

**Kuroki** is a hamlet in the Rural Municipality of Sasman No. 336, Saskatchewan, Canada. Listed as a designated place by Statistics Canada, the hamlet had a population of 50 in the Canada 2016 Census. The community is named after the Japanese general Kuroki Tamemoto.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Kuroki had a population of 35 living in 24 of its 31 total private dwellings, a change of -30% from its 2016 population of 50. With a land area of 0.53 km2 (0.20 sq mi), it had a population density of 66.0/km2 (171.0/sq mi) in 2021.

Canada census – Kuroki, Saskatchewan community profile

|  | 2016 |
| --- | --- |
| Population | 50 (+ 11.1% from 2011) |
| Land area | 0.59 km2 (0.23 sq mi) |
| Population density | 84.6/km2 (219/sq mi) |
| Median age | 53.5 (M: 51.5, F: 56.0) |
| Private dwellings | 38 (total) |
| Median household income | $N/A |

References: 2016 earlier

## History

As an interesting aside, this village was founded after the Japanese had won several victories in the war against Russia (Russo-Japanese War 1904–05). Britain was allied with Japan in this war and Japan was a very popular nation throughout the British Empire. Three towns in Saskatchewan along the CN line (Togo, Kuroki, Mikado), a regional park (Oyama), and CN Siding (Fukushiama) were named in honour of Japanese achievements in this war.

## Attractions

A Japanese Garden was created by residents, complete with rock gardens and small pond. It has a sign in Japanese saying "Kuroki Japanese Gardens". On the western edge of town there is a small Ukrainian Orthodox church and St. Helena Cemetery. The grain elevator still stands in good condition but has been purchased and is now owned privately.

## Climate

| Climate data for Kuroki | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5
(41) | 9
(48) | 19.5
(67.1) | 30
(86) | 37.5
(99.5) | 38.5
(101.3) | 38.5
(101.3) | 39.4
(102.9) | 36.7
(98.1) | 28.9
(84.0) | 18.3
(64.9) | 9
(48) | 39.4
(102.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.4
(7.9) | −9.8
(14.4) | −2.7
(27.1) | 8.4
(47.1) | 17.8
(64.0) | 21.8
(71.2) | 23.7
(74.7) | 23
(73) | 16.3
(61.3) | 8.9
(48.0) | −3.7
(25.3) | −11.3
(11.7) | 6.6
(43.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.2
(−0.8) | −14.7
(5.5) | −7.7
(18.1) | 2.8
(37.0) | 11
(52) | 15.4
(59.7) | 17.4
(63.3) | 16.4
(61.5) | 10.3
(50.5) | 3.5
(38.3) | −7.5
(18.5) | −15.9
(3.4) | 1.1
(34.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23
(−9) | −19.6
(−3.3) | −12.6
(9.3) | −2.8
(27.0) | 4.2
(39.6) | 8.9
(48.0) | 11
(52) | 9.8
(49.6) | 4.3
(39.7) | −2
(28) | −11.4
(11.5) | −20.4
(−4.7) | −4.5
(23.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45.6
(−50.1) | −43.9
(−47.0) | −42.8
(−45.0) | −30
(−22) | −11.1
(12.0) | −4
(25) | 0
(32) | −4
(25) | −10
(14) | −23.3
(−9.9) | −35
(−31) | −44
(−47) | −45.6
(−50.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 24.7
(0.97) | 20.2
(0.80) | 30.2
(1.19) | 28.1
(1.11) | 47.8
(1.88) | 69
(2.7) | 75.1
(2.96) | 54.9
(2.16) | 43.6
(1.72) | 23.5
(0.93) | 24.1
(0.95) | 26.1
(1.03) | 467.3
(18.40) |
| Source: Environment Canada | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

51°52′18″N 103°29′19″W / 51.87167°N 103.48861°W / 51.87167; -103.48861

## InfoBox

| Kuroki | |
| --- | --- |
| Organized hamlet | |
| Kuroki | |
| Coordinates: 51°52′21″N 103°29′37″W / 51.87250°N 103.49361°W / 51.87250; -103.49361 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Saskatchewan |
| Region | West Central Saskatchewan |
| Census division | 10 |
| Rural Municipality | Sasman |
| Government | |
| Governing body | Kuroki Council |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.59 km2 (0.23 sq mi) |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 50 |
| Density | 84.6/km2 (219/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CST |
| Area code | 306 |
| Highways | Highway 5, Highway 38 & Highway 310 |
| Railways | Canadian National Railway |
|  | |


title: Kuljani

abstract: Kuljani is a village in the municipality of Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies about 10 km north from the city on the left side of the river Vrbas.

text:
# Kuljani

**Kuljani** (Serbian Cyrillic: Куљани) is a village in the municipality of Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies about 10 km north from the city on the left side of the river Vrbas.

## History

This settlement was known for its catholic population through the last few centuries. Most of the population moved to Croatia during the last civil war in Yugoslavia (1992-1995). After the war this small village started to expand. A large number of new residents were Serbian refugees who found a new place for living after they had lost their old homes during the war. The village began to grow and soon became a suburban part of Banja Luka City.

## Public infrastructure

The road infrastructure is still in very bad shape since there is no budget investment planned. As of 2010, there is a post office in operation and a medical ambulance is in planning to be opened. The old public school is also still operational.

## Population

| National census | 1991 | 1981 | 1971 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Croats | 773 (64,04%) | 760 (68,03%) | 736 (85,28%) |
| Serbs | 283 (23,44%) | 222 (19,87%) | 93 (10,77%) |
| Muslim | 3 (0,24%) | 0 | 0 |
| Yugoslavs | 73 (6,04%) | 101 (9,04%) | 0 |
| rest and unknown | 75 (6,21%) | 34 (3,04%) | 34 (3,93%) |
| Altogether | **1.207** | **1.117** | **863** |

In 2008 the maximal estimated population counted 3,742. There is also a small group of Slovenians in the village.

## Trivia

A local proverb goes *Culjani - selo ljepše od Pariza* (Kuljani - this village is more beautiful than Paris)

## Notes and references

## InfoBox

| Kuljani Куљани (Serbian) | |
| --- | --- |
| Village (Selo) | |
|  | |
| Kuljani | |
| Coordinates: 44°50′50″N 17°11′52″E / 44.84722°N 17.19778°E / 44.84722; 17.19778 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Republika Srpska |
| Municipality | Banja Luka |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 4,294 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Area code | +387 51 |


title: Kutch (disambiguation)

abstract: Kutch generally refers to the Kutch district, a district of Gujarat state in western India. It may also refer to:

text:
# Kutch (disambiguation)

**Kutch** (also spelled as **Kachchh** or **Cutch**) generally refers to the **Kutch district**, a district of Gujarat state in western India. It may also refer to:

## Geography

### Kutch district

### Former polities in the district

* Kutch State, a state within the Republic of India from 1947 to 1956
* Cutch State, a relatively large Indian princely state during the British Raj
    + Kutch kori, obsolete Indian currency
    + Cutch Agency, an agency of British India that looked after the princely state of Cutch

### Other places

## Others


title: Ringmo

abstract: Ringmo is a traditional village in Dolpo in the Dolpa District of Nepal, with a seasonal population of about 200. The people are mostly of Tibetan ethnicity, are of the Bönpo faith, and engage in trade, yak herding and tourism. It sits on the landslide dam that formed Phoksundo Lake at about 3660 m (12,000 ft) above sea level. A Bön temple also named Ringmo can be found just outside the town, and the river that drains from Phoksundo plunges over an impressive 167 m (548 ft) waterfall about half a kilometer south of the village. Ringmo is the seat of the Phoksundo village development committee.

text:
# Ringmo

**Ringmo** is a traditional village in Dolpo in the Dolpa District of Nepal, with a seasonal population of about 200. The people are mostly of Tibetan ethnicity, are of the Bönpo faith, and engage in trade, yak herding and tourism. It sits on the landslide dam that formed Phoksundo Lake at about 3660 m (12,000 ft) above sea level. A Bön temple also named Ringmo can be found just outside the town, and the river that drains from Phoksundo plunges over an impressive 167 m (548 ft) waterfall about half a kilometer south of the village.

Ringmo is the seat of the Phoksundo village development committee.

## InfoBox

| Ringmo रिङमो | |
| --- | --- |
| RingmoLocation in Nepal | |
| Coordinates: 29°10′24″N 82°56′12″E / 29.17333°N 82.93667°E / 29.17333; 82.93667 | |
| Country | Nepal |
| Province | Karnali Province |
| District | Dolpa District |
| Elevation | 3,660 m (12,010 ft) |
| Population | |
| Total | 200 |
| Religions | Bön |
| Time zone | UTC+ 5:45 |


title: Ringmaster (soundtrack)

abstract: Music from and Inspired by Jerry Springer's Movie Ringmaster is the soundtrack to Neil Abramson's 1998 comedy film Ringmaster. It was released on March 23, 1999 through Lil' Joe Records, and consists of hip hop music. The album features songs performed by the 2 Live Crew, Freak Nasty, MC Breed, H-Town, 2Pac, Fat Joe, Ice-T, Indo G, Keith Sweat, Lil' Blunt, Lorenzo Smith and Trellini. The soundtrack was not much of a success making it only to number 80 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and featured "Take It Slow" peaking at number 94 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

text:
# Ringmaster (soundtrack)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***Music from and Inspired by Jerry Springer's Movie Ringmaster*** is the soundtrack to Neil Abramson's 1998 comedy film *Ringmaster*. It was released on March 23, 1999 through Lil' Joe Records, and consists of hip hop music. The album features songs performed by the 2 Live Crew, Freak Nasty, MC Breed, H-Town, 2Pac, Fat Joe, Ice-T, Indo G, Keith Sweat, Lil' Blunt, Lorenzo Smith and Trellini.

The soundtrack was not much of a success making it only to number 80 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and featured "Take It Slow" peaking at number 94 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Living in America" (performed by the 2 Live Crew) | 4:28 |
| 2. | "Gotta Get Mine" (performed by MC Breed & 2Pac) | 4:17 |
| 3. | "This Shit Is for Real" (performed by Fat Joe) | 4:37 |
| 4. | "Ain't No Future in Yo' Frontin'" (performed by MC Breed) | 4:01 |
| 5. | "Blame It on the Funk" (performed by Indo G & Lil' Blunt) | 3:53 |
| 6. | "The Real One" (performed by the 2 Live Crew & Ice-T) | 4:20 |
| 7. | "Da' Dip" (performed by Freak Nasty) | 3:56 |
| 8. | "You Ain't Real" (performed by Verb) | 3:24 |
| 9. | "Where Da' Party At" (performed by Verb & Brother Marquis) | 4:24 |
| 10. | "Everything You Want" (performed by Freak Nasty & A.K. $hay) | 2:36 |
| 11. | "If It's Alright With You" (performed by Lorenzo Smith & Keith Sweat) | 5:18 |
| 12. | "Take It Slow" (performed by Trellini & Keven "Dino" Conner) | 5:10 |
| 13. | "Jezebel" (performed by H-Town) | 3:44 |
| 14. | "I Wanna Rock (Doo Doo Brown Version)" (performed by Luke) | 4:40 |
| 15. | "Living in America (Miami Bass Version)" (performed by the 2 Live Crew) | 3:54 |
| Total length: | | 1:02:42 |

## Charts

| Chart (1999) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (*Billboard*) | 80 |

## InfoBox

| Music from and Inspired by Jerry Springer's Movie Ringmaster | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Soundtrack album by Various artists | |
| Released | March 23, 1999 (1999-03-23) |
| Recorded | 1997–1998 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 1:02:42 |
| Label | Lil' Joe Records |
| Producer | Joseph Weinberger (exec.) |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Ringmaster* | |
| 1. "Take It Slow"
Released: 1994 2. "The Real One"
Released: 1999 | |
|  | |


title: Ripsaw music

abstract: Ripsaw is a style of Mento, which originates from the Turks and Caicos Islands. A very closely related variant, rake-and-scrape, is played in the Bahamas. Its most distinctive characteristic is the use of the common handsaw as the primary instrument, along with various kinds of drums, box guitar, concertina, triangle and accordion. Ripsaw is a unique fusion of Mento and Burru, which replaces the grater (Instrument) used in traditional Mento with a handsaw (Instrument) to achieve a similar yet more variable sound. The saw is played by scraping an object, usually an old knife blade, along the saw's teeth, while bending the saw to produce a different timbre. The sound is similar to a paper being ripped, and is believed to be the origin of the term ripsaw. In the Bahamas, Cat Island is the only place to celebrate rake-and-scrape on a large scale. During June's Labour Day celebration, the island holds a Cat Island Rake and Scrape festival.

text:
# Ripsaw music

**Ripsaw** is a style of Mento, which originates from the Turks and Caicos Islands (specifically in the Middle and North Caicos). A very closely related variant, rake-and-scrape, is played in the Bahamas. Its most distinctive characteristic is the use of the common handsaw as the primary instrument, along with various kinds of drums, box guitar, concertina, triangle and accordion.

Ripsaw is a unique fusion of Mento and Burru, which replaces the grater (Instrument) used in traditional Mento with a handsaw (Instrument) to achieve a similar yet more variable sound. The saw is played by scraping an object, usually an old knife blade, along the saw's teeth, while bending the saw to produce a different timbre. The sound is similar to a paper being ripped, and is believed to be the origin of the term *ripsaw*.

In the Bahamas, Cat Island is the only place to celebrate rake-and-scrape on a large scale. During June's Labour Day celebration, the island holds a Cat Island Rake and Scrape festival.


title: Risk (1996 video game)

abstract: Risk is a turn-based strategy video game based on the board game of the same name, released in 1996.

text:
# Risk (1996 video game)

***Risk*** is a turn-based strategy video game based on the board game of the same name, released in 1996.

## History

In 1996, Hasbro Interactive released a PC version of *Risk* that included a new variation on the game called *Ultimate Risk*, which did not use dice but rather implemented the use of forts, generals, and complex battle strategies.

## Reception

*Next Generation* reported that *Risk* sold "exceptionally well" during 1997.

In *Computer Gaming World*, Terry Coleman called *Risk* an improvement over previous computer adaptations of the board game, and wrote that "in some ways, *Risk* even outshines *Monopoly CD-ROM* on the computer." He praised its Classic *Risk* mode, and hailed Ultimate *Risk* as "a superb enhancement to a classic game." Reviewing the game for *PC Zone*, Chris Anderson wrote, "Hasbro have taken a classic board-game, put it on pc, and brought lots of new features to it, and I for one enjoyed it. It's addictive, highly replayable, and it looks quite smart too. If it had real-time combat we would have been talking a 90+ score".

*PC Gamer UK*'s Mark Donald criticized *Risk*'s artificial intelligence for failing to recreate the experience of board game play, but called it "a moderately enjoyable game" overall.

*Next Generation* reviewed the PlayStation version of the game, rating it two stars out of five, and stated that "For Risk fanatics who sometimes have trouble convening games with human opponents, this is a decently satisfying quick fix, as you can play against several computer players. But for anyone else, it's an unexciting, uninspiring, unimpressive interpretation of a classic game."

The game was a finalist for *Computer Gaming World*'s 1996 "Classic/Puzzle Game of the Year" award, which ultimately went to *Baku Baku Animal*.

## InfoBox

| Risk | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | BlueSky Software<br>NMS Software |
| Publisher(s) | Hasbro Interactive |
| Release |  |
| Genre(s) | Turn-based strategy |


title: Rino Higa

abstract: Rino Higa is a Japanese gravure idol, television and film actress, singer and voice actress. She debuted in 2009 and is affiliated with Sony Music Artists, which distributes and sells her records.

text:
# Rino Higa

**Rino Higa** (ヒガ リノ, *Higa Rino*, born May 11, 1992 in Okinawa) is a Japanese gravure idol, television and film actress, singer and voice actress. She debuted in 2009 and is affiliated with Sony Music Artists, which distributes and sells her records.

## Filmography

### Television

* Bitworld (ビットワールド) \- Urara (Pinky Macaron: Emerald Destiny)

### Films

| Year | Film title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | A Yell from Heaven | Miki | Credited as: "Higarino". |
| 2011 | Schoolgirl Apocalypse | Sakura Ishizuka | Credited as: "Higarino". |
| 2012 | Life Is Dead | Shoko Akaboshi | Based on a Manga series. |
| 2013 | Himawari - Okinawa wa Wasurenai, Ano Nichi no Sora o - | Unknown role | Credited as: "Higarino". |
| 2014 | Bon to Linchan | Miyu Sato |  |
|

## Discography

### Radio

Rino Higa at IMDb

## InfoBox

| Rino Higa | |
| --- | --- |
| ヒガリノ | |
| Born | (1992-05-11) May 11, 1992<br>Okinawa, Japan |
| Other names | Higarino |
| Years active | 2009-current |


title: Rino Lavezzini

abstract: Rino Lavezzini is an Italian football manager. He notably managed Genoa C.F.C. and also had spells in Lithuania and Romania.

text:
# Rino Lavezzini

**Rino Lavezzini** (born 20 February 1952) is an Italian football manager. He notably managed Genoa C.F.C. and also had spells in Lithuania and Romania.

## InfoBox

Rino Lavezzini
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1952-02-20) 20 February 1952 | | |
| Place of birth | Fidenza, Italy | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Albissola | | |
| Managerial career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | | |
| 1985–1986 | Badia Polesine | | |
| 1986–1987 | Soragna | | |
| 1989–1988 | Fiorenzuola (youth) | | |
| 1988–1989 | Fidenza (youth) | | |
| 1989–1991 | Parma (youth) | | |
| 1991–1993 | Montevarchi | | |
| 1993–1994 | Carrarese | | |
| 1995 | Giorgione | | |
| 1995–1996 | Pontedera | | |
| 1996–Mar 1997 | Catanzaro | | |
| May–Jun 1997 | Catanzaro | | |
| 1997–1998 | Massese | | |
| 1998–2000 | Mantova | | |
| 2000 | Viareggio | | |
| 2001 | Viareggio | | |
| 2001–2002 | Poggese | | |
| 2002–2003 | Genoa | | |
| 2003–2004 | Genoa (youth) | | |
| 2005 | Sūduva | | |
| 2005 | Lavagnese | | |
| 2006 | Petrolul Ploiești | | |
| 2007–2008 | Livorno (youth) | | |
| 2008–2009 | Carrarese (director of sports) | | |
| Jan–Jun 2009 | Carrarese | | |
| Nov 2009–2010 | Carrarese | | |
| 2010–2011 | Vicenza (youth) | | |
| 2015–2016 | Padova (assistant) | | |
| 2019 | Albissola | | |