title: Onsong County

abstract: Onsŏng County is a county (kun) in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea, located near the border with China. The administrative center is the town (ŭp) of Onsong. Onsong is the alleged site of the former Onsong concentration camp, now closed.

text:
# Onsong County

**Onsŏng County** is a county (*kun*) in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea, located near the border with China. The administrative center is the town (*ŭp*) of Onsong. Onsong is the alleged site of the former Onsong concentration camp, now closed.

## History

Onsong was one of the six post/garrisons (Korean: 육진; Hancha: 六鎭) established under the order of Sejong the Great of Joseon (1418–1450) to safeguard his people from the hostile Chinese Ming dynasty and Manchurian/Jurchen nomads living in Manchuria.

## Geography

Onsong lies along the Tumen River, which forms the border with China. To the north of Onsong is Jilin Province, China. Onsong also contains the northernmost point in Korea, at 43°0'39″ N. Liangshui (Korean: 량수진; Hancha: 凉水鎮), in Tumen prefecture, is the closest Chinese town across the river.

The land of Onsong is mainly mountainous, although a part is flatland. It has a continental climate, and is the region of Korea with the longest winter, except the Kaema Plateau. The highest peak is Yŏndubong.

## Economy

Being mountainous in nature, Onsong is not well suited to agriculture. Ironically, however, it has the highest ratio of rice paddies to dry fields of any district in North Hamgyong Province. Logging is prevalent in the Tumen River basin. Lignite coal is also produced.

## Transportation

Onsong is served by roads and railroads. In winter, it is also possible to cross the frozen Tumen River into China.

Onsong has a 4 km long, single overhead bidirectional trolleybus line linking from the railway station to the Wangjaesan Grand Monument, although no trolleybuses are observed on the line since at least 2004. The overhead is nonetheless at least appearing to be in a good condition. The system formerly had two Jipsan 88 trolleybuses, though they were converted from the similar, but unrelated Jipsan 88 bus.

## Administrative divisions

Onsŏng County is divided into 1 town ("Ŭp"), 10 workers' districts ("Rodongjagu") and 15 villages ("Ri"):

|  | Chosŏn'gŭl | Hancha |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Onsŏng-ŭp | 온성읍 | 穩城邑 |
| Chongsŏng-rodongjagu | 종성로동자구 | 鍾城勞動者區 |
| Chuwŏl-lodongjagu | 주원로동자구 | 周原勞動者區 |
| Ch'angp'yŏng-rodongjagu | 창평로동자구 | 蒼坪勞動者區 |
| Namyang-rodongjagu | 남양로동자구 | 南陽勞動者區 |
| Ont'al-lodongjagu | 온탄로동자구 | 穩炭勞動者區 |
| P'ung'il-lodongjagu | 풍인로동자구 | 豊仁勞動者區 |
| Sambong-rodongjagu | 삼봉로동자구 | 三峰勞動者區 |
| Sanghwa-rodongjagu | 상화로동자구 | 上和勞動煮區 |
| Sansŏng-rodongjagu | 산성로동자구 | 山城勞動者區 |
| Tongp'o-rodongjagu | 동포로동자구 | 東浦勞動者區 |
| Chungsal-li | 증산리 | 甑山里 |
| Hasambong-ri | 하삼봉리 | 下三峰里 |
| Hyangdang-ri | 향당리 | 香堂里 |
| Kangal-li | 강안리 | 江岸里 |
| Misal-li | 미산리 | 美山里 |
| P'ungch'ŏl-li | 풍천리 | 豊川里 |
| P'unggye-ri | 풍계리 | 豊溪里 |
| P'ungha-ri | 풍하리 | 豊利里 |
| P'ungsŏ-ri | 풍서리 | 豊西里 |
| Ryongnam-ri | 룡남리 | 龍南里 |
| Sesŏl-li | 세선리 | 世仙里 |
| Turubong-ri | 두루봉리 |  |
| Un'am-ri | 운암리 | 雲岩里 |
| Wangjaesal-li | 왕재산리 |  |
| Yŏnggang-ri | 영강리 | 永江里 |

## Notable personalities

42°57′20″N 129°59′30″E / 42.95556°N 129.99167°E / 42.95556; 129.99167

## InfoBox

| Onsong County 온성군 | |
| --- | --- |
| County | |
| Korean transcription(s) | |
| Hanja | 穩城郡 |
| McCune-Reischauer | Onsŏng kun |
| Revised Romanization | Onseong-gun |
| Map of North Hamgyong showing the location of Onsong | |
| Country | North Korea |
| Province | North Hamgyong Province |
| Administrative divisions | 1 *ŭp;*, 10 workers' districts, 15 *ri* |
| Area | |
| Total | 430 km2 (170 sq mi) |
| Population (2008 census) | |
| Total | 127,893 |
| Density | 300/km2 (770/sq mi) |


title: José Padilla (composer)

abstract: José Padilla Sánchez, popularly known as Maestro Padilla, was a famous Spanish composer and pianist. He was best known for the songs La Violetera and El Relicario, popularized by cuplé singer Raquel Meller, and the pasodoble Valencia. He became famous in France as he composed songs for the Moulin Rouge, like Ça c'est Paris. La Violetera was adapted by Charlie Chaplin for the soundtrack of City Lights (1931).

text:
# José Padilla (composer)

**José Padilla Sánchez** (28 May 1889 in Almería  25 October 1960 in Madrid), popularly known as **Maestro Padilla**, was a famous Spanish composer and pianist. He was best known for the songs *La Violetera* and *El Relicario*, popularized by cuplé singer Raquel Meller, and the pasodoble *Valencia*.

| External audio | |
| --- | --- |
| You may hear Jose Padilla's *El Relicario* sung by Néstor Mesta Cháyres with the Alfredo Antonini Orchestra in 1946 **Here** | |

He became famous in France as he composed songs for the Moulin Rouge, like *Ça c'est Paris*. *La Violetera* was adapted by Charlie Chaplin for the soundtrack of *City Lights* (1931).

## Biography

José Padilla Sánchez was born in Almería in 1889. He took his first music lessons from Almería's Municipal Band director and at fourteen he produced his first written music sheet titled L*as dos palomas*. By the time he lived in Madrid, he attended the Real Conservatorio de Música y Declamación. Also, he became acquainted with remarcable Zarzuela composers such as Tomás Bretón, Gerónimo Giménez y Amadeo Vives.

At 23 he moves Barcelona and from there to Buenos Aires and works as director for the Úrsula López Band. Later on he moved back to Barcelona and composed his popular *El Relicario* and *La violetera.* Next he moves to Paris and his works are performed in the Folies Bergere and Moulin Rouge music halls where his *Ça c'est Paris* sung by Mistinguett becomes very popular. In 1928 he signed a 25 million franc contract to travel to Argentina. There he produced works with Carlos Gardel.

In 1949, at 60, he returned to Madrid to a house that, after his death in 1960 held his museum.

## Selected filmography

## Legacy

There is a commemorative plaque in his Paris residence. Also, in 1992 the Maestro Padilla Auditorium was built in home town Almería. There is a garden named Jardín Maestro Padilla in the Arganzuela district of Madrid.

## InfoBox

| Maestro Padilla | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | José Padilla Sánchez
(1889-05-28)May 28, 1889
Almería, Spain |
| Died | October 25, 1960(1960-10-25) (aged 71)
Madrid, Spain |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Occupation(s) | Composer and pianist |
| Notable work |  |


title: Is Democracy Possible?

abstract: Is Democracy Possible? The Alternative to Electoral Politics is a book by the Australian philosopher John Burnheim which outlines an alternative to electoral democracy. Originally published in 1985, the work was subsequently published with a new introduction in 2006, and again as a kindle e-book in 2014.

text:
# Is Democracy Possible?

***Is Democracy Possible? The Alternative to Electoral Politics*** is a book by the Australian philosopher John Burnheim which outlines an alternative to electoral democracy. Originally published in 1985, the work was subsequently published with a new introduction in 2006, and again as a kindle e-book in 2014.

## Summary

There are three central components to the position elaborated in the book, each of which marks a radical departure from traditional and contemporary analyses of the problems that confront us.

The first two components comprise the anti-state and the anti-communalist nature of the position to be developed. Burnheim is against giving sovereignty to any geographically or ethnically circumscribed group, a position which runs against the major tradition of political philosophy and the course of political history. Individuals in Burnheim's polity would see themselves as part of many diverse social activities and functional communities rather than any simple inclusive community. In this sense, despite the turn away from communalist understandings of the political sphere, collective identities remain centrally important to Burnheim. The third component concerns the introduction of Burnheim's notion of demarchy, most notably his rejection of electoral democracy in favour of statistical representation.

## Against the state

First, Burnheim rejects the centrality of the state, both to political thought and to the practical overcoming of our current situation. Centrally controlled multi-function agencies provide the current model for the exercise of political and administrative power, from the nation state down to municipal local government. This model undermines the ability of decision makers to grapple with the solution of problems at the level at which they may be resolved effectively. Decisions currently made within such multifunction agencies could be taken instead by autonomous, specialised agencies coordinated by negotiation amongst themselves. In the modern world many of these authorities would need to have global scope.

## Against communitarian alternatives

Second, democratic practice does not require participation by the people as a whole. What is required is that all those individuals materially affected by decisions in a given functional area should be represented and that they have the opportunity to participate in those decisions. This raises the problem of what interests in any given case are to be accepted as legitimate. Burnheim notes that this problem is hardly ever addressed by democratic theorists. That each person should have the opportunity to influence decisions on any matter affecting their legitimate interests seems straightforward, but Burnheim insists that the converse thesis also holds and is generally ignored in discussions of democratic practice: nobody should have input into decisions where they have no legitimate material interest. If this requirement is shelved the result simply is tyranny, "in the strict sense". Burnheim adds that all present forms of democracy, as well as all proposed forms, not only permit but encourage such tyranny. The practice of vote trading by political operatives is the result - trading my vote on an issue upon which I have no interest for another vote on an issue that concerns me deeply.

## Demarchy: statistical representation

The third component contains the perhaps startling separation of democracy from electoral representation. The history of modern democracies has been the spread of competitive elections and the ever-widening electoral base. Universal adult suffrage is now taken as a given but the history of its achievement was a history of struggle. For Burnheim the very process of electoral representation leads to poor decisions determined by power-trading rather than the needs of those most affected. Democracy is possible only if decision makers are a representative sample of the people concerned. This would mean abandoning elections in favour of the ancient principle of choosing by lot so that decision-making bodies would statistically representative of those affected by their decisions. Coordination between diverse authorities would be by negotiation, or, if necessary, arbitration, rather than by centrally imposed decisions. What is hoped is that just as the market supplies our needs for private consumption goods by decentralised processes, our needs for public goods could also be supplied in highly flexible and responsive decentralised ways.

Initially such a polity might begin to emerge from the well-established practice of setting up citizen juries to advise on policy in specific matters. In the longer term the structuring of committees and their procedures would be open to challenge from those who thought their interests under-represented, and such disputes would be decided by tribunals chosen by lot from a pool of people nominated by their peers on operating committees as having the requisite qualities to carry out a judicial role.

## External references

## InfoBox

Is Democracy Possible?
| Author | John Burnheim |
| --- | --- |
| Publication date | 1985 |


title: Handspan Theatre

abstract: Handspan Theatre was a Melbourne-based puppetry and visual theatre company that operated between 1977 and 2002.

text:
# Handspan Theatre

**Handspan Theatre** was a Melbourne-based puppetry and visual theatre company that operated between 1977 and 2002.

## History

Handspan Theatre was founded as a cooperative by Ken Evans, Andrew Hansen, Helen Rickards, Maeve Vella, Peter J. Wilson and Christine Woodcock in 1977.

Drawing upon influences in visual arts, choreography, ensemble theatre, film-making and academic education research, Handspan was created to explore alternative forms of puppetry to add to the booth, shadow puppet or marionette shows that were prevalent in Australia at the time.

Major Handspan works often utilised multimedia and readily filled conventional stages or more unusual site-specific spaces in their presentation. Other works offered a more intimate audience experience and were scaled to suit venues as diverse as shop front windows or a local swimming pool.

Handspan shows and those of many of their 1980s contemporaries (refer: Twyla Tharp & David Byrne *Songs from the Catherine-wheel*; Robert Wilson \- *Einstein on the Beach* & La Claca - *Miro*) led to the creation of 'visual theatre' label - i.e. performance where visual spectacle (accompanied by silence or soundscapes) shared eminence with - and sometimes replaced - voiced text.

Artistic and business roles were often rotated amongst (though not exclusive to) the membership allowing for diverse professional development and load-sharing as part of the company's day-to-day business from the outset.

The company went on to incorporate around its collective model gathering a board of directors, festival and corporate sponsorship, substantial government funding and many more members over the next 25 years - either as ongoing core members or as contributing participants to the production process at any given time. An annual 'dreaming meeting' would serve as both a group-devised business plan and creative agenda for the next year.

A multi-level office studio space was found and developed (in the old 'Vardar Studios' a former photographic studio at 108 Gertrude St Fitzroy where they remained for 17 years from 1978. From there, Handspan fostered other artists work as shows in rehearsal, exhibitions, or as a 'build-to-order' collaboration. In 1995 when their building was sold, Handspan moved their studio and offices to Richmond, then finally in 1998 to join other major arts entities in the Southbank Arts Precinct.

Handspan earned several awards from touring the world stage, including at the 1983 Spoleto Festival, Italy for the astonishing multimedia work ***Secrets*** conceived by and devised with Nigel Triffitt. The founder of the Spoleto Festivals, composer Giancarlo Menotti, was so taken with the work during a visit to Melbourne, that he booked it for his festivals of two Worlds in Spoleto Italy (1983) and in Charleton USA (1984), where its success helped establish 3rd Spoleto Festival in Melbourne, (now renamed the Melbourne Festival).

Notable Handspan Theatre productions included:

* Nigel Triffitt's *Secrets* (1982 - 1986)
* *Cho Cho San*(1984): Original production written by Daniel Keene, directed by Geoff Hooke, designed by Ken Evans
* *4 Little Girls* (1988 - 1996) adapted, devised and directed by Ariette Taylor, designed by Ken Evans, composer: Peter Crosbie
* *Viva La Vida - Frida Kahlo* (1993) written by Karen Corbett, directed by Angela Chaplin, designed by Ken Evans.

In June 2016, a comprehensive archive of the company - its history, its people and its productions and its pictures, was launched, created by Helen Rickards and Maeve Vella: Handspan Theatre: 1977 - 2002

## Books and articles

* Vella, Maeve; Helen Rickards (1989). *Theatre of the Impossible: Puppet Theatre in Australia*. Roseville, N.S.W: Craftsman's House. ISBN 0-947131-21-3.


title: The Windows of the World (song)

abstract: "The Windows of the World" is a song written by Burt Bacharach (music) and Hal David (lyrics) which was a hit single for Dionne Warwick in 1967.

text:
# The Windows of the World (song)

"**The Windows of the World**" is a song written by Burt Bacharach (music) and Hal David (lyrics) which was a hit single for Dionne Warwick in 1967.

## Background

"The Windows of the World" represented a thematic departure for Warwick who had built her career as a romantic balladeer and had passed on the chance to introduce "What the World Needs Now is Love" (although her stated objection to the last-named was not its theme but rather that it sounded "too country"). The track was recorded in a 13 April 1967 session produced by Bacharach and David with Bacharach as conductor and arranger. Bacharach and David had scored a number 7 hit in 1965 with Jackie DeShannon's message song hit "What the World Needs Now is Love" but "The Windows of the World" was unique in the composers' canon in being a protest song. Inspired by such songs as "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?" and "Blowin' in the Wind", Hal David wrote lyrics for "The Windows of the World" which overtly but gently lament U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War (an especial concern to David, who had two young sons, one of them almost of eligible age for the draft). The arrangement for "The Windows of the World" has a subtle Asian flavor featuring strings plucked in the style of a koto and also finger cymbals the latter evoking the sound of raindrops on a window.

## Chart performance

Released in July 1967, "The Windows of the World" was not one of Warwick's biggest hits, reaching number 32 on the *Billboard* Hot 100 and number 27 on the R&B charts. "The Windows of the World" was also a minor hit on the Easy Listening chart, where it peaked at number 32. Despite its moderate showing on the charts, Warwick stated in 2002 that "The Windows of the World" was her favorite of all of her singles. Warwick's September 1967 album release featured "The Windows of The World" as its title cut (see *The Windows of the World*). The album cut "I Say a Little Prayer" was released that October as a single and proved to be the track which would re-establish Dionne Warwick as a Top Ten hitmaker.

## Track listings and formats

* **US, 7" Vinyl single**

A: "The Windows of the World" – 3:17 B: "Walk Little Dolly" – 3:20

## Credits

* Arranged, Conductor – Burt Bacharach
* Producer – Bacharach-David
* Written-By – Burt Bacharach, Hal David

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (1967) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Top Singles (RPM) | 20 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 32 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 27 |
| US Adult Contemporary (*Billboard*) | 32 |
|

## Cover versions

"The Windows of the World" has also been recorded by:

* Scott Walker (*Scott 2* \- 1968)
* The Icelandic rendering "Regn Óréttlætisins" was recorded by Hljómar for their 1968 eponymous album.
* Jimmie Rodgers (*The Windmills of Your Mind* \- 1969)
* Rita Reys (*Rita Reys sings Burt Bacharach* \- 1971)
* Isaac Hayes ("Live at The Sahara Tahoe" - 1973)
* The Pretenders (on the multi-artist album for the soundtrack to the film *1969* \- 1988)
* Ronald Isley with Burt Bacharach (*Isley Meets Bacharach* \- 2003)
* Trijntje Oosterhuis (*The Look of Love* \- 2006).
* Bobbie Gentry's rendition of the song was included on her 2007 compilation *The Best of Bobbie Gentry: The Capitol Years*.
* Dionne Warwick also recorded an Italian-language version of "The Windows of the World" as "La Vita Come Va" (\[the\] life as it should be).

## Bibliography

* Serene Dominic. *Burt Bacharach, song by song: the ultimate Burt Bacharach reference for fans*. Schirmer Trade (New York NY) 2003. ISBN 0-8256-7280-5

## InfoBox

| "The Windows of the World" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Dionne Warwick | |
| from the album  *The Windows of the World* | |
| B-side | "Walk Little Dolly" |
| Released | July 1967 |
| Recorded | 1967 |
| Length | 3:17 |
| Label | Scepter |
| Songwriter(s) | Burt Bacharach, Hal David |
| Producer(s) | Burt Bacharach, Hal David |
| Dionne Warwick singles chronology | |
| "Alfie"
(1967) "**The Windows of the World**"
(1967) "I Say a Little Prayer" / "(Theme From) Valley of the Dolls"
(1967) | |


title: István Lakatos

abstract: István Lakatos is a Hungarian football player who plays for Szolnok.

text:
# István Lakatos

**István Lakatos** (born 4 April 1999) is a Hungarian football player who plays for Szolnok.

## Statistics

### Club

| Club | Season | League | | Cup | | League Cup | | Europe | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Ferencváros | 2014–15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| | 2015–16 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| Total | | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 |
| Career totals | | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 |

*Updated to games played as of 23 August 2015.*

## InfoBox

István Lakatos
|  | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1999-04-04) 4 April 1999 | | |
| Place of birth | Budapest, Hungary | | |
| Height | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Left winger | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Szolnok | | |
| Number | 14 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 0000–2011 | Inter CDF SE | | |
| 2011–2015 | Ferencváros | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2015–2019 | Ferencváros | 1 | (0) |
| 2016–2017 | Ferencváros II | 12 | (0) |
| 2017–2019 | Soroksár (loan) | 49 | (3) |
| 2019–2021 | Ajka | 9 | (0) |
| 2021– | Szolnok | 42 | (5) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 8 May 2022 | | | |


abstract: Waco: David Koresh, the Branch Davidians, and a Legacy of Rage is a 2023 non-fiction book by journalist Jeff Guinn about the 1993 Waco siege. It was published by Simon & Schuster.

text:
# Waco: David Koresh, the Branch Davidians, and a Legacy of Rage

***Waco: David Koresh, the Branch Davidians, and a Legacy of Rage*** is a 2023 non-fiction book by journalist Jeff Guinn about the 1993 Waco siege. It was published by Simon & Schuster.

## Synopsis

Guinn covers the history of U.S. governmental surveillance of the Branch Davidians, primarily from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF). He details the ATF raid on the Mount Carmel Center on 28 February 1993, and the ensuing siege by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. He also touches on the aftermath and cultural and political impact of the Waco siege, with special focus on the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing and the January 6 United States Capitol attack.

## Reception

Kathy Sexton from *Booklist* wrote that the book is "extremely well done and thought-provoking", but she notes too that readers "may be left wanting more on the provocative idea of Waco's continued influence". A reviewer at *Publishers Weekly* called the book "comprehensive and judicious". The reviewer commented that it is a "sobering account" of the Waco siege. Another reviewer at *Kirkus Reviews* called the book an "engrossing report on David Koresh and the endurance of cult culture". Philip Jenkins adds that the book is "an essential addition to any collection of books" addressing the Waco siege.

Jenkins criticizes Guinn for not addressing the culture of the 1980s and 1990s that contributed to the siege, like the persistence of moral panics. In addition, Jenkins notes that the press coverage of the siege was under-covered in Guinn's account.

## InfoBox

Waco: David Koresh, the Branch Davidians, and a Legacy of Rage
| Cover | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Jeff Guinn |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Non-fiction |
| Publisher | Simon & Schuster |
| Publication date | 2023 |
| Pages | 400 |
| ISBN | 9781982186104 |
| OCLC | 1330895674 |


title: Nicky Mondellini

abstract: Nicky Mondellini is an Italian-born Mexican actress and professional ballerina.

text:
# Nicky Mondellini

**Nicky Mondellini** (born **Nicoletta Edna Mondellini Hammond** on July 6, 1966, in Milan, Italy) is an Italian-born Mexican actress and professional ballerina.

## Early life

Mondellini was born to a British mother, Joan Hammond, and an Italian father, Mario Mondellini. She moved to Mexico City with her family when her father was transferred by his employer. She has two sisters.

From early childhood, she was introduced to the arts of acting and dancing by her mother, a professional choreographer. She began her acting career when she was 11 years old in the musical "Gypsy", and continued her career in Telenovelas (soap operas) with the Mexican network Televisa, Spanish classical theater and movies.

Mondellini decided to move with her family to Houston, Texas in 2006 following the kidnapping of two of her actress friends in Mexico City.

She won the Voice Arts award for Best Spanish Language Narrator in 2017. She has been nominated twice for the Premios TV y Novelas as Best Lead Actress and Best supporting Actress. She is fluent in five languages (Spanish, English, Italian, French and German), is a professional ballerina, a voice over talent, and has bachelor's and master's degrees in arts.

Mondellini is married to an American Petroleum engineer, Al Wilson. The couple have three children: Mario, Robert, and Stephanie.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1983 | *Videocosmos* |  |  |
| 1989-93 | *La telaraña* |  |  |
| 1989 | *Mi segunda madre* |  | Special Appearance |
| 1989-90 | *Simplemente Maria* | Nurse | Supporting Role |
| 1991 | *La Pícara Soñadora* | Gina Valdez | Supporting Role |
| 1992-93 | *María Mercedes* | Mística Casagrande de Ordóñez | Antagonist |
| 1992 | *Puerto Escondido* |  |  |
| 1994 | *Marimar* | Gema | Supporting Role |
| 1995-96 | *Retrato de Familia* | Patricia Cortés | Supporting Role |
| 1997 | *Nic Habana* |  |  |
| 1997 | *Esmeralda* | Dra. Rosario Muñoz | Special Appearance |
| 1998 | *Una Luz en el Camino* | Victoria de de los Santos | Supporting Role |
| 2000 | *Ramona* | Beatriz de Echagüe | Supporting Role |
| 2002-03 | *¡Vivan los Niños!* | Sofía Luna | Supporting Role |
| 2004 | *Corazones al límite* | Lourdes "Lulú" Gómez de Arellano | Supporting Role |
| 2005 | *Contra Viento y Marea* | Constanza Sandoval de Balmaceda | Supporting Role |

## Awards and nominations

### Premios TVyNovelas

| Year | Category | Telenovela | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1993 | Best Young Lead Actress | *Marimar* | Nominated |
| 1995 | Best Supporting Actress in a Classical Theatre Play | "La Amistad Castigada" | Nominated |
| 2017 | Best Spanish Language Narrator |  | Won |

## InfoBox

| Nicky Mondellini | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1966-07-06) July 6, 1966
Milan, Italy |
| Nationality | Italian
Mexican |
| Occupation(s) | Actress, ballerina |
| Years active | 1983-2005 |
| Spouse | Al Wilson (2000-present) |
| Children | Stephanie, Mario, and Robert |
| Parent(s) | Mario Mondellini
Joan Hammond |
| Relatives | 2 sisters |


title: Monsoon (1952 film)

abstract: Monsoon is a 1952 American drama film directed by Rod Amateau and written by Leo Townsend and Forrest Judd, David Robinson and Leonardo Bercovici. The film stars Ursula Thiess, Diana Douglas, George Nader, Ellen Corby, Philip Stainton, Myron Healey and Eric Pohlmann. It was released on December 14, 1952, by United Artists.

text:
# Monsoon (1952 film)

***Monsoon*** is a 1952 American drama film directed by Rod Amateau and written by Leo Townsend and Forrest Judd, David Robinson and Leonardo Bercovici. The film stars Ursula Thiess, Diana Douglas, George Nader, Ellen Corby, Philip Stainton, Myron Healey and Eric Pohlmann. It was released on December 14, 1952, by United Artists.

## Plot

A young woman named Julia brings her fiancé and his mother to a village in India to meet her father and brother. Hospitality proves in short supply and things take a turn for the worse when Julia's seductive younger sister arrives.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Monsoon | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Rod Amateau |
| Screenplay by | Forrest Judd
David Robinson
Leonardo Bercovici |
| Based on | *Romeo et Jeanette*
by Jean Anouilh |
| Produced by | Gordon Griffith
Forrest Judd |
| Starring | Ursula Thiess
Diana Douglas
George Nader
Ellen Corby
Philip Stainton
Myron Healey
Eric Pohlmann |
| Cinematography | Ernest Haller |
| Edited by | George Gale |
| Music by | Vasant Desai |
| Production
companies | CFG Productions
Film Group Judd |
| Distributed by | United Artists |
| Release date | * December 14, 1952 (1952-12-14) |
| Running time | 79 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Ardie McInelly

abstract: Ardena Frances "Ardie" McInelly is an American basketball coach. McInelly was the head women's basketball coach at Idaho State from 1996 to 2001 and Air Force from 2001 to 2010.

text:
# Ardie McInelly

**Ardena Frances "Ardie" McInelly** (born September 2, 1959) is an American basketball coach. McInelly was the head women's basketball coach at Idaho State from 1996 to 2001 and Air Force from 2001 to 2010.

## Early life and education

McInelly was born and raised in Mackay, Idaho and graduated from Mackay High School in 1977. McInelly only began playing organized basketball as a junior in high school when her high school first formed a girls' varsity team. At Mackay High, McInelly helped the Miners girls' basketball team finish in third place in the Idaho A-4 tournament in 1977.

At Boise State University, McInelly played for the Boise State Broncos from 1977 to 1981. McInelly graduated from Boise State in 1982 with a bachelor's degree in physical education and later completed a master's degree in education from Weber State University in 1995.

## Coaching career

McInelly started as a teacher and girls' basketball coach at Firth High School in Firth, Idaho and Skyline High School in Idaho Falls, Idaho. McInelly moved up to the college level, first as an assistant coach at Montana State from 1988 to 1991, Pacific from 1991 to 1992, and Weber State from 1992 to 1996.

From 1996 to 2001, McInelly was head coach at Idaho State University, where she posted a 77–62 record. Her 2000 team went 25–5, the best season in school history. The 2000 team went 18–0 in conference play, and won the league title outright. That helped them make it to the NCAA tournament, where they were eventually eliminated by Vanderbilt. Idaho State finished third or higher in the Big Sky Conference in all five of her seasons there. She earned back-to-back coach of the year honors in the Big Sky Conference during her final two seasons.

McInelly then coached at the U.S. Air Force Academy from 2001 to 2010. McInelly went 57–201 in nine seasons, with her best season being in 2005–06 with a 13–15 record (4–12 in Mountain West Conference games), also Air Force's most wins since moving up from Division II to Division I in the 1996–97 season. However, two starting players left the program after the season. She was fired by the Academy on March 29, 2010, with two years remaining on her contract.

In 2013, McInelly became head coach of the Harrison High School girls basketball team in Colorado Springs. McInelly retired after the 2015–16 school year and 30–40 overall record.

## Head coaching record

Statistics overview
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Postseason |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Idaho State Bengals**  *(Big Sky Conference)* (1996–2001) | | | | | | | | |
| 1996–97 | Idaho State | 15–12 | 11–5 | T–2nd |  |
| 1997–98 | Idaho State | 15–12 | 9–7 | T–3rd |  |
| 1998–99 | Idaho State | 8–18 | 6–10 | 7th |  |
| 1999–2000 | Idaho State | 14–15 | 11–5 | T–2nd |  |
| 2000–01 | Idaho State | 25–5 | 16–0 | 1st | NCAA First Round |
| **Idaho State:** | | 77–62 (.554) | 55–37 (.598) |  | | | | |
| **Air Force Falcons**  *(Mountain West Conference)* (2001–2010) | | | | | | | | |
| 2001–02 | Air Force | 4–24 | 0–14 | 8th |  |
| 2002–03 | Air Force | 7–21 | 1–13 | 8th |  |
| 2003–04 | Air Force | 4–24 | 1–14 | 8th |  |
| 2004–05 | Air Force | 7–21 | 2–12 | T–7th |  |
| 2005–06 | Air Force | 13–15 | 4–12 | 7th |  |
| 2006–07 | Air Force | 6–23 | 1–15 | 9th |  |
| 2007–08 | Air Force | 10–19 | 4–12 | T–7th |  |
| 2008–09 | Air Force | 4–26 | 0–16 | 9th |  |
| 2009–10 | Air Force | 3–27 | 0–16 | 9th |  |
| **Air Force:** | | 57–201 (.221) | 12–124 (.088) |  | | | | |
| **Total:** | | 134–263 (.338) |  | | | | | | |
| National champion         Postseason invitational champion
Conference regular season champion          Conference regular season and conference tournament champion
Division regular season champion       Division regular season and conference tournament champion
Conference tournament champion | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

Ardie McInelly
| McInelly in 2009. | |
| --- | --- |
| Biographical details | |
| Born | (1959-09-02) September 2, 1959
Mackay, Idaho |
| Playing career | |
| 1977–1981 | Boise State |
|  | |
| Coaching career (HC unless noted) | |
| 1988–1991 | Montana State (asst.) |
| 1991–1992 | Pacific (asst.) |
| 1992–1996 | Weber State (asst.) |
| 1996–2001 | Idaho State |
| 2001–2010 | Air Force |
| 2013–2016 | Harrison HS |
|  | |
| Head coaching record | |
| Overall | 134–263 (.338) (college) |
| Tournaments | 0–1 (NCAA) |
| Accomplishments and honors | |
| Championships | |
|  | |
| Awards | |
| * 2× Big Sky Coach of the Year (1999, 2000) | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Oneco

abstract: Oneco was a sachem of the Mohegans in the Connecticut Colony and the son of Uncas. During King Philip's War (1675–78), he was a battlefield commander and has been credited as one of the executioners of Canonchet. Later, he was the lead petitioner in a legal case that tested whether the Mohegan sachemate was a political entity equal to The Crown.

text:
# Oneco

**Oneco** (sometimes called **Owaneko**) was a sachem of the Mohegans in the Connecticut Colony and the son of Uncas. During King Philip's War (1675–78), he was a battlefield commander and has been credited as one of the executioners of Canonchet. Later, he was the lead petitioner in a legal case that tested whether the Mohegan sachemate was a political entity equal to The Crown.

## Biography

Oneco, the son of Uncas, served as war chief of the Mohegans during King Philip's War, distinguishing himself in battle. His service to the colonial cause during the war made him an important ally and he was given the right to sell his prisoners as slaves to New England settlers.

In 1676, Oneco joined in the execution of Canonchet, the Narragansett commander who had led the defense of the great swamp fortress. After the Pequot leader Robin Cassacinamon shot Canonchet, Oneco beheaded him and then quartered his body. Canonchet's death at the hands of Oneco was notable as Canonchet's father, Miantonomoh, had been killed by Oneco's father, Uncas, in 1643.

After Uncas' death, Oneco succeeded to the leadership of the Mohegans. He was, in turn, succeeded by his own son, Caesar.

## 1703 land claims case

In 1703, the Mohegans found themselves in the midst of a property dispute with the Connecticut Colony. The colony claimed land traditional to the Mohegans on the basis of a 1699 sale executed by Oneco to the son of Nathaniel Foote. The legality of the sale, however, was questioned as Oneco had reportedly been intoxicated at the time it occurred. Samuel Mason, the son of John Mason, had succeeded his father as protector of the Mohegan lands – an office into which he had originally been commissioned by the great sachem Uncas – and organized an appeal to the Great and General Court of Connecticut, which was rebuffed. At Mason's urging, Oneco addressed a final appeal directly to Queen Anne in which he explained to her his divine right as sachem. With his authority originating directly from the gods, as opposed to the Crown, Oneco argued that the sachemate was a legal entity equal to the English monarchy. According to Oneco, his ancestors had been given a sacred pipe by the gods as a symbol of their authority and, as a testament to their friendship towards the English, now stored it in the same location as they kept a ceremonial sword given to them by Charles II of England. Oneco's argument was novel for describing a peer-to-peer relationship with the Crown and invoking the receipt of a diplomatic gift as proof of it.

Oneco's letter was considered by the Board of Trade who referred the matter to the Attorney-General who, in a written opinion, determined Oneco's property claim had probable legal validity:

> \[Her Majesty\] ... may command ye Governors of that Corporation not to oppress those Indians or to deprive them of their right, but to doe them right notwithstanding the Act made by them to dispossess them, which I am of opinion was illegall and void.

A royal commission was thereafter convened, with Massachusetts Bay governor Joseph Dudley at its head, to inquire into the matter. In a protest, the Connecticut government rejected the right of the Crown to intervene in what it viewed as its internal affairs, refused to appear in front of the inquiry, and prohibited all citizens of Connecticut from giving testimony. Nonetheless, on August 24, 1705, the commission unanimously ruled in favor of the Mohegans and ordered the return of land between New London and Norwich to tribal control.

1. *Lives of Celebrated Americans: Comprising Biographies of Three Hundred and Forty Eminent Persons*. Bellknap. 1869. p. 37.
2. Newell, Margaret (2015). *Brethren by Nature: New England Indians, Colonists, and the Origins of American Slavery*. Cornell University Press. p. 157. ISBN 978-0801456473.
3. Oberg, Michael (2006). *Uncas: First of the Mohegans*. Cornell University Press. p. 186. ISBN 0801472946.
4. Slosberg, Steven (September 25, 2016). "Execution site is part of town's hidden history". *Westerly Sun*. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
5. Lincoln, Charles (1913). *Narratives of the Indian wars, 1675-1699*. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 90.
6. Peterson, Edward (1853). *History of Rhode Island*. J. S. Taylor. p. 47.
7. Kimball, Carol (October 23, 1986). "The Sad Story of Sachem Miantonomo". *The Day (New London)*. Retrieved January 24, 2018.
8. Weeks, Alvin (1919). *Massasoit of the Wampanoags*. Plimpton Press. p. 232.
9. Yirush, Craig (2011). *Settlers, Liberty, and Empire: The Roots of Early American Political Theory, 1675–1775*. Cambridge University Press. pp. 118–119. ISBN 9781139496049.
10. Hurd, Duane (1882). *History of New London County, Connecticut: With Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men*. J.W. Lewis & Company. p. 605.
11. Belmessous, Saliha (2011). *Native Claims: Indigenous Law Against Empire, 1500-1920*. Oxford University Press. pp. 137–138. ISBN 978-0199794850.

## InfoBox

| SachemOneco | |
| --- | --- |
| Owaneko | |
|  | |
| Sachem of the Mohegan | |
| Preceded by | Uncas |
| Succeeded by | Caesar |
|  | |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Mohegan |
| Rank | Commander |
| Battles/wars | King Phillip's War |
|  | |


title: Poul-Henning Kamp

abstract: Poul-Henning Kamp is a Danish computer software developer known for work on various projects including FreeBSD and Varnish. He currently resides in Slagelse, Denmark.

text:
# Poul-Henning Kamp

**Poul-Henning Kamp** (Danish: \[ˈpʰʌwl ˈhene̝ŋ ˈkʰɑmˀp\]) is a Danish computer software developer known for work on various projects including FreeBSD and Varnish. He currently resides in Slagelse, Denmark.

## Involvement in the FreeBSD project

Poul-Henning Kamp has been committing to the FreeBSD project for most of its duration. He is responsible for the widely used MD5crypt implementation of the MD5 password hash algorithm, a vast quantity of systems code including the FreeBSD GEOM storage layer, GBDE cryptographic storage transform, part of the UFS2 file system implementation, FreeBSD Jails, the `phkmalloc` implementation of the malloc library call, and the FreeBSD and NTP timecounters code, and the `nanokernel` interface with David Mills.

## Varnish cache

He is the lead architect and developer for the open source Varnish cache project, an HTTP accelerator.

In 2006, Kamp had a dispute with electronics manufacturer D-Link in which he claimed they were committing NTP vandalism by embedding the IP address of his NTP servers in their routers. The dispute was resolved in April 2006.

## Other

A post by Kamp on the FreeBSD mailing lists is responsible for the popularization of the term *bike shed discussion*, and the derived term *bikeshedding*, to describe Parkinson's law of triviality in open source projects - when the amount of discussion that a subject receives is inversely proportional to its importance. Poul-Henning Kamp is known for his preference of a Beerware license to the GNU General Public License (GPL).

## Publications

Poul-Henning Kamp has published a substantial number of articles over the years in publications like Communications of the ACM and ACM Queue mostly on the topics of computing and time keeping. A selection of publications:

Media related to Poul-Henning Kamp at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Poul-Henning Kamp | |
| --- | --- |
| Kamp in 2013 | |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Other names | phk |
| Occupation | Programmer |
| Employer | Self-employed |
| Known for | various contributions to FreeBSD and Varnish |


title: Isamot Kol

abstract: Isamot Kol is a fictional comic book superhero, an extraterrestrial from the planet Thanagar, and a member of the intergalactic police force known as the Green Lantern Corps. He first appeared in DC Comics' Green Lantern Corps: Recharge #1, and was created by writers Geoff Johns and Dave Gibbons, and artist Patrick Gleason. He was named after editor Peter Tomasi, being a reversal of his last name.

text:
# Isamot Kol

**Isamot Kol** is a fictional comic book superhero, an extraterrestrial from the planet Thanagar, and a member of the intergalactic police force known as the Green Lantern Corps. He first appeared in DC Comics' *Green Lantern Corps: Recharge* #1 (November 2005), and was created by writers Geoff Johns and Dave Gibbons, and artist Patrick Gleason. He was named after editor Peter Tomasi, being a reversal of his last name.

## Fictional character history

Kol is a Lizarkon, a humanoid lizard-like alien from Thanagar, and veteran of the Rann-Thanagar War. As member of the Imperial Thanagarian Army, Kol was scheduled to be executed for killing his commanding officer because his superior wanted to surrender to a squadron of Rannians. Kol explains to a fellow prisoner that he hates cowards, and that after killing his superior, he and the rest of his squad defeated the Rannians, and that his fellow soldiers attempted to report the superior's death as an accident. However, Kol, who personally held truth as a guiding principle, refused to lie.

Right before being executed, Kol is given a Green Lantern power ring as part of the Green Lantern Corps' efforts to rebuild their ranks following their destruction at the hands of the villain Parallax. His fellow prisoner begs to be taken also but Kol refuses, believing the man to have earned his fate.

Kol is brought to the planet Oa, home to the extraterrestrial Guardians of the Universe who administer and oversee the Corps, for Green Lantern training.

### Spider Guild

Kol is given a temporary badge and partnered with fellow new recruit Vath Sarn, a Rannian who was also plucked from the war. In contrast to Sarn's discipline and adaptability, Kol still saw Sarn as an enemy from the war, and instigated conflict with him as they began their first assignment. This was diverting ships away from Star 38, which, like several recent stars, had begun to show signs of instability. Kol was also slow to adapt to Corps protocols, questioning his orders, and even threatening an Okaaran hospital ship that fired upon him after refusing to change course from the star. The star eventually went supernova, and the two new recruits valiantly attempted to pull the ship from the ensuing black hole, but were sucked in. This was part of a planned attack by the Spider Guild, operating from the forbidden Vegan system.

They are discovered by Green Lantern trainer Kilowog, who had broken Lantern rules to find them. Isamot and Sarn, forced to go on by themselves due to Kilowog not being able to fit in the tunnels they were using, discover that the Guild plans to invade Oa.

The Guild detect them and attack. The three join up with Guy Gardner and Kyle Rayner, who had also broken the rules to rescue the missing and unwilling Lantern recruit Soranik Natu. Soranik's unwillingness to be a Lantern causes Kol to perceive her as a traitor. Despite this and other conflicts, the six Lanterns successfully return to Oa and help fight the Guild's invasion.

### Thanagar problems

Isamot decides to reduce his serving time from the Green Lantern Corps, due to the mating urges of his species. He announced his desire to serve back again on Thanagar for a while, living with his intended mate Qaylyra, another saurian.

On his unfortune, Citadel forces, alleged allies of Rann, attack Thanagar just as Isamot's mate enters her only receptive mating period. Isamot then must choose between his partner and the only possibility of a family. He chose his partner but by the time he returned she had taken another mate. With the mating urges over he returns to full duty. He later visits Mogo on Vath's advice for Mogo to council him on the pain for his recent loss, but rejects the therapy after noticing something is amiss when Green Man is behaving strangely. When he, Vath, and Bzzd were sent after Guy Gardner, who was accused of murdering two fellow Green Lanterns, and confronted him on Mogo, Isamot was the first to believe Guy's story of something bizarre happening on Mogo due to his earlier suspicions. After arriving later, Soranik Natu, a medical expert, confirms that Mogo is infected with a disease created by the mushroom spores laid across its surface, and Isamot assists his fellow Lanterns in curing Mogo, while fighting off Kilowog, due to Kilowog also having been infected.

Isamot fights alongside Vath during the Sinestro Corps War. Later, he is forcibly pulled to Oa to take part in a treaty-breaking incursion into the depths of Okarran space, along with other Green Lanterns. The very act of being taken to Oa causes him to disrupt Thanagar flying police officers, who scoff and insult the very concept of a 'downsider' Green Lantern.

Isamot is part of a Green Lantern force sent to the time-ravaged Earth. The Lanterns join with dozens of other powered beings to put an end to Darkseid's plans for the planet.

### Blackest Night

During *Blackest Night*, a swarm of black power rings descend on Oa, reviving those buried in the Lantern crypt as Black Lanterns. As Isamot and Vath Sarn find themselves overwhelmed by the onslaught of the dead, they are saved by a member of the Indigo Tribe. When Vath loses his legs to the Black Lanterns, Kol has his legs amputated so that they can be transplanted onto Vath, knowing that he will eventually regenerate.

### The New 52

Isamot is part of an army of Green Lanterns sent to fight an army of genocidal warriors. Their first Lantern victims include Siram and Bboc. This hits Isamot especially hard, as the two were part of his recruit class. In fighting the warriors, Isamot is sucked through a dimensional breach to their homeworld. He loses all of his limbs but this is something he can recover from in time. He survives this and becomes a prisoner of war with several Lanterns until another force led by Guy Gardner rescues everyone. Isamot rejoins a squad backed up by a veteran team of Lanterns called the 'Mean Machine'. They learn the army were former caretakers of the Lantern Corps actual lanterns, until the removal of them devastated the army's home world. Isamot and his allies, using the murder of two Sciencell prisoners, breaks the morale of the genocidal army and ultimately defeats them. Later after Salaak and Kilowog discovered the Guardian's plans for the Third Army, Isamot was among the trusted members that Kilowog contacted and recruited to oppose the Guardians and later fought alongside his comrades against the Third Army. The Third Army was the Guardian's plans to turn every person in the galaxy into obedient slaves. This is neutralized when Sinestro kills most of the original Guardians.

Later, Isamot is seen fighting alongside fellow Lanterns to protect the Indigo Tribe from the forces of the New Gods. He later becomes a prisoner of those entities along with many of his Corps.

As with most Green Lanterns, Isamot Kol became lost in the universe proceeding this one. He is seen safely with a small squadron of other Lanterns, having seen the beacon Mogo sent out. Isamot is later seen with the reformed, struggling Corps, rescuing Xudarians from Starro. After answering what seems to be a pointless emergency call, Isamot and Sarn find an unknown Guardian allied with the current Green Lanterns of Earth. Corps leader John Stewart later tasks them with returning the Guardian and the Earth Lanterns to Mogo.

### Infinite Frontier

In the *Green Lantern* series (2021), Isamot Kol is on Oa when the Green Lantern Central Power Battery explodes, killing him and many other Lanterns.

## In other media

## InfoBox

| Isamot Kol | |
| --- | --- |
| Isamot Kol as depicted in *Green Lantern Corps: Recharge* #2 (December 2005). Art by Patrick Gleason. | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | DC Comics |
| First appearance | *Green Lantern Corps: Recharge* #1 (November 2005) |
| Created by | Geoff Johns
Dave Gibbons
Patrick Gleason |
| In-story information | |
| Full name | Isamot Kol |
| Species | Lizarkon |
| Place of origin | Thanagar |
| Team affiliations | Green Lantern Corps |
| Abilities | Power Ring |


title: Weimar. Lexikon zur Stadtgeschichte

abstract: Weimar. Lexikon zur Stadtgeschichte is the title of an encyclopedia on the history of the German city of Weimar. The non-fiction book was first published in 1993 and improved in 1997 by Böhlau Verlag in a second edition. It was edited by Gitta Günther, who worked as a Weimar city archivist from 1959 to 2001, together with the musicologist Wolfram Huschke and the geologist Walter Steiner. The book with numerous illustrations and more than 500 pages was last published with the ISBN 3-7400-0807-5.

text:
# Weimar. Lexikon zur Stadtgeschichte

***Weimar. Lexikon zur Stadtgeschichte*** is the title of an encyclopedia on the history of the German city of Weimar. The non-fiction book was first published in 1993 and improved in 1997 by Böhlau Verlag in a second edition. It was edited by Gitta Günther, who worked as a Weimar city archivist from 1959 to 2001, together with the musicologist Wolfram Huschke and the geologist Walter Steiner. The book with numerous illustrations and more than 500 pages was last published with the ISBN 3-7400-0807-5.

## Media

* N.N.: *Weimar-Lexicon / Stadt-Histörchen alphabetical*, in *Der Spiegel*, edition 28/1993 of 12 July 1993; online


title: Theodor Plievier

abstract: Theodor Otto Richard Plievier was a German writer best known for his 1948 anti-war novel Stalingrad. During World War I, he served on the SMS Wolf. After the war, he released his first novel, Des Kaisers Kulis, about his experiences on board the ship. It would later be adapted into a stageplay, and was banned after the Nazi Machtergreifung. His experiences in war form the basis of his documentary novel Stalingrad. A television version of Stalingrad was produced by NDR in West Germany, and first shown on 31 January 1963. Adapted by Klaus Hubalek and directed by Gustav Burmester, it starred Ullrich Haupt as Generalmajor Vilshofen, Wolfgang Büttner as General Gönnern, Hanns Lothar as Gnotke, and P. Walter Jacob as General Vennekohl. Hubalek's screenplay was subsequently translated into English and directed by Rudolph Cartier for the BBC's Festival series, first shown on 4 December 1963. This version starred Albert Lieven as Vilshofen, Peter Vaughan as Gonnern, André van Gyseghem as Vennekohl, and Harry Fowler as Gnotke.

text:
# Theodor Plievier

**Theodor Otto Richard Plievier** (**Plivier**, until 1933) (12 February 1892, Berlin – 12 March 1955, Avegno, Switzerland) was a German writer best known for his 1948 anti-war novel *Stalingrad*.

During World War I, he served on the *SMS Wolf*. After the war, he released his first novel, *Des Kaisers Kulis* (*The Kaiser's Coolies*), about his experiences on board the ship. It would later be adapted into a stageplay, and was banned after the Nazi Machtergreifung.

His experiences in war form the basis of his documentary novel *Stalingrad*.

A television version of *Stalingrad* was produced by NDR in West Germany, and first shown on 31 January 1963. Adapted by Klaus Hubalek and directed by Gustav Burmester, it starred Ullrich Haupt as Generalmajor Vilshofen, Wolfgang Büttner as General Gönnern, Hanns Lothar as Gnotke, and P. Walter Jacob as General Vennekohl. Hubalek's screenplay was subsequently translated into English and directed by Rudolph Cartier for the BBC's *Festival* series, first shown on 4 December 1963. This version starred Albert Lieven as Vilshofen, Peter Vaughan as Gonnern, André van Gyseghem as Vennekohl, and Harry Fowler as Gnotke.

## Works in English

* *Berlin*, translated by Louis Hagen, London, Panther (1969) ISBN 0-586-02906-0
* *The Kaiser Goes: The Generals Remain*, translated by A.W. Wheen, London, Faber and Faber, Limited (1933)
* *The Kaiser’s Coolies*, translated by Margaret Green, H. Fertig, (1988, reprint c1931) ISBN 0-8652-7378-2
* *Moscow*, translated by Stuart Hood, London, F. Muller (1953)
* *The World's Last Corner*, adapted from a translation by Robert Pick, New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts (1951)
* *Revolt on the Pampas*, translated by Charles Ashleigh, M. Joseph, Ltd. (1937)
* *Stalingrad*, translated by Richard and Clara Winston, New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts (1948)


title: István Ladóczki

abstract: István Ladóczki is a Hungarian football player who currently plays for USC Mank.

text:
# István Ladóczki

**István Ladóczki** (born 11 January 1986) is a Hungarian football player who currently plays for USC Mank.

## InfoBox

István Ladóczki
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | István Ladóczki | | |
| Date of birth | (1986-01-11) 11 January 1986 | | |
| Place of birth | Budapest, Hungary | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | USC Mank | | |
| Number | 23 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 2000–2003 | MTK Budapest FC | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2003–2008 | MTK Budapest FC | 6 | (0) |
| 2004–2007 | BFC Siófok (loan) | 57 | (10) |
| 2008–2009 | BFC Siófok | 3 | (0) |
| 2009 | Ceglédi VSE | 14 | (1) |
| 2009–2010 | SC Union Ardagger |  |  |
| 2010 | ATSV Ober-Grafendorf |  |  |
| 2010–2011 | ASV Radlberg |  |  |
| 2011– | USC Mank |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 11 July 2012 | | | |


title: WOZZ

abstract: WOZZ is a mainstream rock radio station licensed to Mosinee, Wisconsin, serving the Wausau, Wisconsin, market. The station is owned and operated by Duke Wright's Midwest Communications and operates at an ERP of 50,000 watts. The station simulcasts on translator W275AC, licensed to Wausau.

text:
# WOZZ

**WOZZ** (94.7 FM, "94.7/102.9 The Beast") is a mainstream rock radio station licensed to Mosinee, Wisconsin, serving the Wausau, Wisconsin, market. The station is owned and operated by Duke Wright's Midwest Communications and operates at an ERP of 50,000 watts. The station simulcasts on translator **W275AC** (102.9 FM), licensed to Wausau.

## History

The station originally went on the air as WEHM on August 15, 1991, though it changed its call sign to WOFM exactly one month later on September 15. The station has had a long history of oldies formats, including spending most of the 1990s as a standalone oldies station ("Oldies 94.7"). In the late 1990s-early 2000s, it began simulcasting with its sister station WIZD (99.9 FM) under the name "The Oldies Station;" this was done to allow the entire Wausau-Stevens Point radio market to be linked with one oldies station. In 2004, WIZD and WOFM, adopted the "Cool FM" moniker while still retaining the oldies format.

In August 2005, WIZD and WOFM separated. WIZD became simply "99.9 WIZD", and heavily targeted the Plover and Stevens Point area in which the station is local to. WOFM continued using the "Cool FM" name with Westwood One's oldies channel and chopped up jingle packages from both the "Cool FM" and the "Oldies 94.7" days.

In October 2005, it was announced that WOFM would switch to a rhythmic CHR format as "Wild 94.7." That format was short-lived, however, and on March 6, 2006, the station adopted Midwest Communications' "Guaranteed Music Variety" format, originally under "The Peak" branding and later branded as "The Valley", with a playlist of classic hits from the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Between September 2006 and September 2009, sister station WIZD would rejoin WOFM in a "Valley" simulcast. (WIZD now simulcasts the talk format of WSAU as WSAU-FM.)

On September 13, 2010, WOFM changed its call sign to WOZZ; ten days later, on September 23 at 5 p.m., after Phil Collins' "In the Air Tonight" finished playing, the station adopted a Classic rock format as "Rock 94.7," with Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" being the first song played. "Rock 94.7" concentrates on mainstream rock from the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s; this format had recently been adopted on Midwest Communication-owned sister stations in Duluth (on KDAL-FM) and Appleton/Green Bay (on WRQE, which previously had the WOZZ call sign). By March 2011, "Rock 94.7" tweaked to a full blown mainstream rock format playing a mix of classic rock and rock from the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, to current active rock music, competing between classic rock-formatted WGLX and active rock-formatted WMZK. As of September 2011, the station moved into a full-blown active rock position, playing the latest from Five Finger Death Punch, Pop Evil, Seether, and other active rock artists. "Rock 94.7" also added a Metal show to their lineup; "Scary Terry's Saturday Nightmare" was heard Saturday nights at 9 p.m., and featured a mix of 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and current trash/death/heavy metal, hosted by WOZZ program director/afternoon host "Scary" Terry Stephens. The "Rock 94.7" lineup included the nationally syndicated *Free Beer and Hot Wings Show* during morning drive time. "Free Beer and Hot Wings" were dropped from the station on March 1, 2013, due to poor ratings and listener demand for more music in the morning.

On September 8, 2021, WOZZ flipped to adult hits under the "Jack FM" brand.

On July 25, 2024, WOZZ flipped back to mainstream rock, branded as "94.7/102.9 The Beast". The format launched jockless, but it was concurrently announced that "Scary Terry" Stephens would return to the afternoon shift with the flip, simulcasting from his new home station at Lansing, MI station WJXQ.

## Awards

WOZZ has become one of the most award-winning Rock Stations in the Midwest. The station won 3 Awards for Excellence from the Wisconsin Broadcasters Association in 2012. In 2013, WOZZ won 2 national awards from the Radio Contraband Rock Radio Awards for Station of the Year, and Program/Music Director of the year. Greg Atoms, who uses the on air name "Lunchbox" was also a finalist for Best DJ in America at the Rock Radio Awards.

For the year of 2013, WOZZ won the Wisconsin Broadcasters Association Station of the Year for Medium Market Music Radio. Beating out stations in Green Bay/Appleton, La Crosse, Eau Claire, Wausau/Stevens Point, and Sheboygan.

## Translators

In addition to the main station, WOZZ is relayed by an additional translator to widen its broadcast area.

Broadcast translator for WOZZ
| Call sign | Frequency | City of license | FID | ERP () | Class | FCC info |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| W275AC | 102.9 FM | Wausau, Wisconsin | 43882 | 250 | D | LMS |

## InfoBox

WOZZ
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Wausau, Wisconsin |
| Frequency | 94.7 MHz |
| Branding | 94.7/102.9 The Beast |
| Programming | |
| Format | Mainstream rock |
| Ownership | |
| Owner |  |
| Sister stations | WDEZ, WIFC, WRIG, WSAU, WSAU-FM |
| History | |
| First air date | August 15, 1991 (as WEHM) |
| Former call signs | WEHM (8/1991-9/1991)<br>WOFM (1991–2010) |
| Call sign meaning | Though the calls can represent M***OZZ***inee (Mosinee), they were moved from their original home in New London, WI, where they represented that station's "Land of ***OZ***" AC format & branding |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 43881 |
| Class | C2 |
| ERP | 50,000 watts |
| HAAT | 150 meters |
| Transmitter coordinates | 44°59′18.00″N 89°59′42.00″W / 44.9883333°N 89.9950000°W / 44.9883333; -89.9950000 |
| Translator(s) | 102.9 W275AC (Wausau) |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Live |
| Website | 947thebeast.com |


title: High Roads (comics)

abstract: High Roads is a six-issue limited series created by writer Scott Lobdell and artist Leinil Francis Yu. It was published in April 2002 by Cliffhanger, an imprint of DC Comics' Wildstorm Productions.

text:
# High Roads (comics)

***High Roads*** is a six-issue limited series created by writer Scott Lobdell and artist Leinil Francis Yu. It was published in April 2002 by Cliffhanger, an imprint of DC Comics' Wildstorm Productions.

## Plot

U.S. Army Captain Nick Highroad fights for survival in the final days of World War II, meeting a British actor, an ex-kamikaze pilot, and one of Hitler's mistresses along the way. The groups comes up with a plan to steal one of Hitler's most prized possessions.

## InfoBox

| *High Roads* | |
| --- | --- |
| Cover to *High Roads #1* written by Scott Lobdell and penciled by Leinil Francis Yu | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Cliffhanger (comics) |
| Format | Limited series |
| Publication date | April 2002 |
| No. of issues | 6 |
| Main character(s) | Nick Highroad |
| Creative team | |
| Written by | Scott Lobdell |
| Artist(s) | Leinil Francis Yu |
| Colorist(s) | Edgar Tadeo |


title: Monsoon (2015 film)

abstract: Monsoon is a 2015 Indian Bollywood romantic drama film produced by Mahendra Dhariwal and Jitender Gulati and directed by Suzad Iqbal Khan. The film stars Srishti Sharma, Sudhanshu, Shawar Ali, Vijay Singh and Raja Gulati. The film was given an A certificate, due to bold scenes. It was released on 20 February 2015. Although the film emerged as a box office disaster, it did well in the C centres where it was targeted. The story of the film is loosely based on an Italian romantic drama film Malèna.

text:
# Monsoon (2015 film)

***Monsoon*** is a 2015 Indian Bollywood romantic drama film produced by Mahendra Dhariwal and Jitender Gulati and directed by Suzad Iqbal Khan. The film stars Srishti Sharma, Sudhanshu, Shawar Ali, Vijay Singh and Raja Gulati. The film was given an A certificate, due to bold scenes. It was released on 20 February 2015. Although the film emerged as a box office disaster, it did well in the C centres where it was targeted. The story of the film is loosely based on an Italian romantic drama film *Malèna*.

## Plot

It is a story of coming of age of a teen, a 15 yr old boy falls in love with a 28 yr old married woman, whose husband (a forest officer) dies while he is on duty. The boy starts to lust for the girl, besides also developing a feeling of love for her. But the evils of the society don't want the girl to live respectfully. The film revolves around the dreams and fantasies of the teen and the way he protects the woman from the evil society.

## Cast

* Srishti Sharma
* Sudhanshu
* Shawar Ali
* Vijay Singh
* Raja Gulati

## Censor rating

The film went for censor formalities on 18 February 2015, and got an A certificate, due to its highly explicit sexual content, along with 13 cuts ordered in kisses, masturbation, cleavage exposures etc., by the Board.

## Box office

The film collected  1 crore 80 lakhs at the Indian box office.

## InfoBox

| Monsoon | |
| --- | --- |
| Movie logo | |
| Directed by | Suzad Iqbal Khan |
| Written by | Suzad Iqbal Khan |
| Produced by | Mahendra Dhariwal |
| Starring | Srishti Sharma
Sudhanshu
Shawar Ali |
| Production
company | Mango Movies |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |


title: Rantepao

abstract: Rantepao is a town and the capital of North Toraja Regency, which is known for being the cultural center of the Toraja ethnic group. National and regional tourism offices have developed the city as the starting point for visiting Tana Toraja, since the area was opened for tourism in the 1970s. In Rantepao, there is also a significant Torajan Muslims population.

text:
# Rantepao

**Rantepao** is a town and the capital of North Toraja Regency, which is known for being the cultural center of the Toraja ethnic group. National and regional tourism offices have developed the city as the starting point for visiting Tana Toraja, since the area was opened for tourism in the 1970s.

In Rantepao, there is also a significant Torajan Muslims population.

## History

In 1961, the government administration in the Tana Toraja underwent a change. This change occurred due to the issuance of the *Letter of the Governor of the Level I Region of South Sulawesi No. 2067 A*. In this letter, Tana Toraja Regency which originally consisted of 15 districts with a total of 410 villages changed to consist of 9 sub-districts with 135 villages. One of the districts formed was Rantepao District. Then the formation of a new style village was held through the *Governor's Decree of the Head of the Level I Region of South Sulawesi No. 450/XII/1965*. This decree was issued on December 20, 1965.

Based on the decree, the *Decree of the Head of the Second Level Region of Tana Toraja was stipulated again No. 152/SP/1967*. Issuance of this letter on September 7, 1967 and its contents regarding the formation of the new style village. A total of 65 new style villages were designated in the Tana Toraja Regency Level II Region. These villages are then divided into 186 villages. In this decree, Rantepao District is divided into 4 sub-district and 18 villages.

Rantepao District has been part of North Toraja Regency since the formation of this district in 2008. Its formation was stipulated by *Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 28 of 2008*. Rantepao District before becoming part of North Toraja Regency, including the Tana Toraja Regency. This is because part of the Tana Toraja Regency area was divided into North Toraja Regency. Rantepao District is one of the districts in North Toraja Regency which is located in the central part to the south. The dominant altitude in Rantepao District is between 500–1000 meters above sea level.

## Geography

Rantepao has 43,123 inhabitants (census 2010). The town is on river Sadang, about 300 km north-east from Makassar.

### Climate

Rantepao has an elevation moderated tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.

| Climate data for Rantepao | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26.3
(79.3) | 26.6
(79.9) | 26.8
(80.2) | 26.8
(80.2) | 26.6
(79.9) | 25.9
(78.6) | 25.4
(77.7) | 26.4
(79.5) | 27.0
(80.6) | 28.1
(82.6) | 27.4
(81.3) | 26.6
(79.9) | 26.7
(80.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 22.5
(72.5) | 22.8
(73.0) | 22.9
(73.2) | 22.9
(73.2) | 22.9
(73.2) | 22.3
(72.1) | 21.6
(70.9) | 22.1
(71.8) | 22.4
(72.3) | 23.4
(74.1) | 23.2
(73.8) | 22.7
(72.9) | 22.6
(72.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.8
(65.8) | 19.0
(66.2) | 19.0
(66.2) | 19.0
(66.2) | 19.3
(66.7) | 18.7
(65.7) | 17.8
(64.0) | 17.9
(64.2) | 17.9
(64.2) | 18.7
(65.7) | 19.0
(66.2) | 18.9
(66.0) | 18.7
(65.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 320
(12.6) | 337
(13.3) | 366
(14.4) | 469
(18.5) | 289
(11.4) | 202
(8.0) | 171
(6.7) | 160
(6.3) | 141
(5.6) | 169
(6.7) | 308
(12.1) | 381
(15.0) | 3,313
(130.6) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Traffic connections

Rantepao is serviced by Toraja Airport (IATA: **TRT**, ICAO: **WAFB**) with two weekly return flights on Mondays and Fridays to Balikpapan's Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan International Airport (IATA: **BPN**, ICAO: **WALL**) by Citilink (as of 2024). The airport is located about 35km or one hour by car to the South of Rantepao.

Alternatively, daily flights are available between Palopo Lagaligo Bua Airport (IATA: **LLO**, ICAO: **WAFD**) and Makassar's Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport (IATA: **UPG**, ICAO: **WAAA**) by Wings Air (as of 2024) which can be reached in two to three hours by car.

## Sights and culture

Rantepao is the cultural centre of the Toraja who are mainly Christians. Several administration buildings in town were built in the typical style of the Toraja. A sightworthy monument dedicated to the introduction of the Bible in Tana Toraja in 1913 was erected in front of the largest Protestant church. The interior of Santa Theresia Catholic Church, another noteworthy building in town, was designed using traditional elements of the Toraja culture. The Cultural Centre and various administration buildings in the town centre were built in the traditional Toraja style of a *tongkonan* (a traditional house) with a typical roof.

A monument with a height of 10 metres dedicated to Pong Tiku was erected close to the market in the centre of Rantepao. Pong Tiku was a rebel fighting against the Dutch at the beginning of the 20th century. He was condemned to death in Rantepao in 1907.

Mount *Gunung Singki* is a mountain in the west of the town centre with a height of 930 metres offering a panoramic view of Rantepao and its surroundings. A tall Christian cross was erected on the top of the mountain.

## Surroundings

Rantepao is surrounded by many traditional villages where the Toraja culture is well-preserved.

Ke'te Kesu is a famous village in the south of Rantepoao where a cave with several graves, five large *tongkonans* and a dozen of store houses (*alang*) can be seen.

The village Kambira is known for an old tree in which small children were buried about 100 years ago.

## Notable people

2°58′08″S 119°54′00″E / 2.969°S 119.9°E / -2.969; 119.9


title: Indian Imperial Association

abstract: The Indian Imperial Association of Fiji (I.I.A.) was active in Fiji during the last years of the indenture system, safeguarding the interests of and assisting in the improvement of the Indian community.

text:
# Indian Imperial Association

The **Indian Imperial Association of Fiji** (I.I.A.) was active in Fiji during the last years of the indenture system, safeguarding the interests of and assisting in the improvement of the Indian community.

## Established as British Indian Association of Fiji

The original Association was established in 1911, following a severe hurricane that had brought much hardship to the Indians in the Central division, with the name **British Indian Association of Fiji**. It was formed by a group that included J.P. Maharaj (a Suva Storekeeper), Totaram Sanadhya (a pundit and social worker from Rewa), Ram Singh (a Suva printer) and Ram Rup. The meeting was chaired by Shriyut Rupram and discussed grievances such as the lack of educated leadership amongst the Indians and the dependence on European lawyers. Totaram Sanadhya was responsible for its Hindi language correspondence.

## Under the Leadership of Manilal Doctor

The **Indian Imperial Association of Fiji** (I.I.A.) came into existence in Fiji on 2 June 1918 after the arrival of Manilal Doctor, who asked for the original name of the association (British Indian Association of Fiji) to be changed because the name had the word "British" in it and Manilal, being a citizen of Baroda State, was not a British subject. Manilal became the President of the Indian Imperial Association of Fiji and Ram Singh its Secretary. The association contained mainly educated Fiji Indians. It sent petitions to the Government seeking review of marriage law, an end to the death penalty and representation into the Legislative Council. The aim of the association was to 'watch the interests of and to assist in the general improvement of the Indian community in Fiji'. As president of the I.I.A., Manilal Doctor wrote to Gandhi, other Indian leaders and the British Labour Party on the sad plight of Indian indentured labourers in Fiji. C.F. Andrews and W.W. Pearson were dispatched to Fiji to enquire into the complaints. Manilal Doctor made submissions for their report, published on 29 February 1916, which reported on the deplorable living conditions of the indentured labourers and their lack of access to education and medical facilities.

## Accomplishments

The case of Viraswamy is an example of the success of I.I.A. Viraswamy was an educated young man, who had been recruited in Madras on the understanding that he would be working on a post officer in the government office. When he arrived in Fiji in October 1911, he was sent to work with the Colonial Sugar Refining Company. He was initially employed as a telephone operator, but when he complained that he was not being given the promised job, he was sent to work in a cane field. He wrote to the I.I.A. and Manilal Doctor forwarded his case to the Anti-Slavery Society of London. The Society approached the Colonial Office and Veeraswamy was able to buy his freedom and get employment outside the indenture system.

After the appointment of Badri Maharaj as the nominated member representing Indians in the Legislative Council (Fiji), the I.I.A. took on the role of an opposition party because Badri Maharaj had little support amongst the Fiji Indians. The I.I.A. was allowed to present an address of welcome to Admiral Lord Jellicoe, on behalf of the Indian community, during his visit to Fiji in 1919.

On 26 December 1919, the Association organised a conference in the Suva Town Hall, which Manilal chaired and which passed a number of resolutions, including a call for independence for India, sympathy for the victims of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and other resolutions relating to Fiji Indians. On 29 December 1919 the Association sent a list of request to the government which included the following:

1. Immediate cancellation of all remaining indenture agreements
2. Repeal of the Masters and servants ordinance
3. Improved educational facilities
4. Training of Indian medical officers like the Fijians
5. Permission to repatriate gold sovereigns
6. Establishment of sugar-cane board
7. Abolition of hut tax and hawkers licences
8. Agricultural training and financial help for Co-operative credit societies or agricultural banks
9. Better pay for skilled Indian workers such as locomotive drivers and those handling dangerous machinery
10. Worker's compensation
11. Better roads to Indian settlements
12. Easier acquisition of land without distinction of race
13. Better railway and steamship facilities
14. Amendment to municipal ordinances to enable most Indian ratepayers to vote
15. Amendment to all Fiji's ordinances to enable Indians to do most of the things permitted to Europeans only.

The Colonial Secretary, ignored the requests.

## The Demise of I.I.A.

Following, the strike of 1920, and after the Government decided to deport Manilal, the I.I.A. organised petitions in different languages, asking for him to be allowed to stay in Fiji. After Manilal was deported from Fiji in 1920, the I.I.A. collapsed. In the 1920s attempts were made to revive the I.I.A., having representatives from all sections of the Indian community, with Ilahi Ramjan as President, Ram Singh as Secretary and Deoki and Ram Samujh as vice-presidents. It made representations to the Secretary of State for the Colonies about residential tax and other issues, but the Government regarded it as representing only the urban educated Indians and refused to recognise it. It thus died a natural death, although attempts were made in later years to establish a similar association.

* Gillion, K. L. (1977). *The Fiji Indians: Challenge to European Dominance 1920–1946*. Australian National University Press, Canberra. ISBN 0-7081-1291-9.


title: Jothi (2022 film)

abstract: Jothi is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film directed by AV Krishna Paramatma, starring Vetri, Sheela, Krisha Kurup, S P Rajasethupathi and Mime Gopi. The film was released on 28 July 2022.

text:
# Jothi (2022 film)

***Jothi*** (transl.Light) is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film directed by AV Krishna Paramatma, starring Vetri, Sheela, Krisha Kurup, S P Rajasethupathi and Mime Gopi. The film was released on 28 July 2022.

## Plot

The movie begins with Aruljothi, a pregnant woman, who is due to give birth in four days. Her husband, Ashwin, a doctor, leaves for an emergency case, and Jothi is alone at home. When the scene cuts, Jothi's tummy is being stitched by an unknown person, and the baby has been stolen. The police, including Sakthi, Jothi's friend Janaki's husband, investigate the case. It is revealed that Jothi is adopted and has a sister, Nisha, who is envious of Jothi's wealth. When the police watch CCTV footage, they see Ranga, a former driver of Ashwin and Jothi, enter the house before the camera stops working.

When questioned, Ranga confesses that he went to ask for money from Jothi as his mother needed a kidney transplant. He recalls Nisha arguing with Jothi and threatening to kill her. Nisha reveals that she has a suspicion about someone who stalked them when they went out. The police find out that Arun Kumar, a regular visitor to the hospital where Jothi is admitted, broke the hospital window and was struggling financially. However, they later discover that his wife and child died due to complications during delivery.

The lab results from the blood collected at Jothi's house reveal that two blood groups were found, one belonging to Jothi and the other belonging to the criminal, who is female, AB−, and under 30 years old with Thalassemia. The police suspect Janaki, who has been depressed due to her inability to conceive. They confront her, and she admits to seeing Ashwin with Kamini, the managing director of Kamini Hospitals, who is also Janaki's doctor and Ashwin's ex-lover. She also confesses that Ashwin had forced her to abort many times.

The police later identify the criminal as Shanti, who works at Kamini hospital, and arrest her. When Shanti is beaten by a policewoman, she admits that Ranga took her to Jothi's house, but someone else told her to do it. Sakthi then confronts Jothi, Ashwin, Nisha, and Janaki at the hospital where Sakthi reveals that Jothi was the one who told Shanti to do it. Later Ranga reveals that Ashwin sells new born babies to rich couples. To get back at Ashwin, Jothi gives the baby to one of the victim's family.

## Cast

## Production

The film's plot was based on a real-life kidnapping incident that took place in Cuddalore, and it was shot during the relaxed COVID restrictions in 2021.

## Reception

A critic from *Times of India* called the film "an amateurish investigative thriller", adding "rather than give us a plausible investigative thriller, director Krishna Paramathma goes for melodrama and amateurish police work that dashes our hopes". A reviewer from *Cinema Express* noted it was "a shoddy, forgettable film" and "one of those true-incidents-inspired-films that never raises above mediocrity".

## InfoBox

| Jothi | |
| --- | --- |
| Official poster | |
| Directed by | AV Krishna Paramatma |
| Produced by | S. P. Rajasethupathi |
| Starring | Vetri
Sheela
Krisha Kurup |
| Cinematography | Sesi Jaya |
| Edited by | Sathya Moorthy R. |
| Music by | Harshavardhan Rameshwar |
| Production
company | SPR Films |
| Release date | * 28 July 2022 (2022-07-28) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Tamil |


title: Isamu Chō

abstract: Isamu Chō was an officer in the Imperial Japanese Army known for his support of ultranationalist politics and involvement in a number of attempted coup d'états in pre-World War II Japan.

text:
# Isamu Chō

**Isamu Chō**  (長 勇, *Chō Isamu*, 19 January 1895 – 22 June 1945) was an officer in the Imperial Japanese Army known for his support of ultranationalist politics and involvement in a number of attempted coup d'états in pre-World War II Japan.

## Biography

Chō was a native of Fukuoka prefecture. He graduated from the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1913 and from the Army Staff College in 1928.

After he received his commission, Chō was assigned to his first duty outside Japan with the politicized Kwantung Army based in eastern China. He returned to play a very active role in internal politics within the Japanese army, and was an active or indirect participant in the March Incident and the Imperial Colors Incident (with other leaders: Kingoro Hashimoto, Jirō Minami, Sadao Araki for the military, and nationalists Ikki Kita, Shūmei Ōkawa, Mitsuru Toyama, Kanichiro Kamei and Kozaburo Tachibana). He was a founder of the radical "Sakurakai" secret society, whose aim was to overthrow the democratic government in favor of a totalitarian regime which would stamp out corruption. Chō was known to be quick to anger and often struck his subordinates.

At the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War, Chō was commander of the IJA 74th Infantry Regiment of the Shanghai Expeditionary Force, attached to Japanese Central China Area Army, and based in Manchukuo. At the Battle of Nanjing, he was aide-de-camp to Prince Asaka and is thought to have been complicit in ordering the Nanjing Massacre, but it is disputed whether he obeyed an order from the prince, or whether he acted on his own.

Chō was subsequently involved in a number of border incidents between Manchukuo and the Soviet Union as Chief of Staff of the IJA 26th Division from 1939 to 1940. In 1940 he was transferred briefly to the Taiwan Army of Japan Headquarters, and then became Chief of Staff of the Indochina Expeditionary Army from 1940 to 1941.

Chō was Vice Chief of Staff of Unit 82 within the Military Affairs Bureau, in the Ministry of War in 1941, and participated in the strategic and tactical planning for the Japanese invasion of Southeast Asia.

From 1942 until 1944 Chō was commander of the *10th Infantry Group (Dai 10 Hohei-Dan(第10歩兵団))* of the IJA 10th Division, a garrison force based in Manchukuo. He served in the Kwantung Army Headquarters, and later as commander of the 1st Mobile Brigade. In late 1944, Chō was recalled from Manchuria to the Home Islands, then to Okinawa.

### Okinawa

He was Chief of Staff of the 32nd Army during the Battle of Okinawa. He masterminded the elaborate underground fortifications around Shuri Castle, but favored a highly aggressive response to the American invasion rather than a passive defense. He persuaded General Mitsuru Ushijima to launch the disastrous 5 May 1945 counteroffensive.

By the middle of June, the 32nd Army was effectively reduced to occupying two strongpoints, one beneath Kunishi Ridge and the other, the command headquarters inside Hill 89.

Cho’s personal driver, Houhei Arakaki who was former local bus driver/shop owner was dismissed after the 32nd Army moved to the southern part of Okinawa. Arakaki was reunited with his family and escaped to the south but shot to death by an American soldier on 26 June. Arakaki was 40 years old.

Ushijima and Cho had decided to commit Seppuku (ritual suicide) and on the night of their planned departure held a banquet in the cave housing the command post with a large meal prepared by Ushijima's cook, Tetsuo Nakamutam, which was complemented with plenty of sake and Cho's remaining stock of captured Black & White Scotch whisky.

Later in the early hours of 22 June the staff in the command post lined up to pay their respects to Ushijima who was attired in his full dress uniform and Cho who wore a white kimono. Cho volunteered to go first and lead the way, “as the way may be dark,” but Ushijima insisted on going first. The men made their way onto an outside ledge overlooking the ocean, on which a white cloth had been laid over a quilt. Handed a knife by an aide Ushijima shouted and made a deep vertical cut in his bared abdomen before Captain Sakaguchi (who was regarded as a master swordsman) decapitated him with his sword. Cho followed Ushijima and the bodies of both men were buried by three orderlies in shallow graves. Their bodies were then buried under U.S. military auspices on 27 June 1945, near the cave where they died. "The bodies of the two Japanese generals were lowered into graves almost above their cave headquarters which was sealed during the American flag service."

On the back of Cho's kimono was a poem that he had composed:

> “With bravery I served my nation.
> With loyalty I dedicate my life.”

## Bibliography

* Dupuy, Trevor N. (1992). *Encyclopedia of Military Biography*. I B Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 1-85043-569-3.
* Fukagawa, Hideki (1981). *(陸海軍将官人事総覧 (陸軍篇)) Army and Navy General Personnel Directory (Army)*. Tokyo: Fuyo Shobo. ISBN 4829500026.
* Hata, Ikuhiko (2005). *(日本陸海軍総合事典) Japanese Army and Navy General Encyclopedia*. Tokyo: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 4130301357.
* Hayashi, Saburo; Cox, Alvin (1959). *Kogun: The Japanese Army in the Pacific War*. Quantico, VA: The Marine Corps Association.

## InfoBox

| Isamu Chō | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 19 January 1895
Fukuoka, Japan |
| Died | 22 June 1945(1945-06-22) (aged 50)
Okinawa, Japan |
| Allegiance | Empire of Japan |
| Service/branch | Imperial Japanese Army |
| Years of service | 1913–1945 |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Commands | 10th Infantry Division |
| Battles/wars | Second Sino-Japanese War
World War II |


title: Nathaniel Mead

abstract: Sir Nathaniel Mead, of Goosehays, near Romford, Essex, was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1715 to 1722. Mead was the son of William Mead of Goosehays. He was admitted at Middle Temple in 1700 and was called to the bar in 1704. His first wife's identity is unrecorded, but his second wife was Martha Scawen, daughter of Sir Thomas Scawen. He became Serjeant-at-law in January 1715 and was knighted on 17 February 1715. By this time he was also under-steward of Havering-atte-Bower. Mead stood unsuccessfully for Aylesbury at the 1713 general election. He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Aylesbury at the 1715 general election. He did not stand in 1722. Mead died on 15 April 1760. He had two sons from his first marriage and a son and a daughter from the second.

text:
# Nathaniel Mead

**Sir Nathaniel Mead** (died 1760), of Goosehays, near Romford, Essex, was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1715 to 1722.

Mead was the son of William Mead of Goosehays. He was admitted at Middle Temple in 1700 and was called to the bar in 1704. His first wife's identity is unrecorded, but his second wife was Martha Scawen, daughter of Sir Thomas Scawen. He became Serjeant-at-law in January 1715 and was knighted on 17 February 1715. By this time he was also under-steward of Havering-atte-Bower.

Mead stood unsuccessfully for Aylesbury at the 1713 general election. He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Aylesbury at the 1715 general election. He did not stand in 1722.

Mead died on 15 April 1760. He had two sons from his first marriage and a son and a daughter from the second.


title: Theodore Drake

abstract: Theodore G.H. Drake, MD was a Canadian pediatrician and one of three physicians who developed Pablum.

text:
# Theodore Drake

**Theodore G.H. Drake, MD** (1891- 1959) was a Canadian pediatrician and one of three physicians who developed Pablum.

## Early life

Drake was born on September 16, 1891, in Webbwood, Ontario. He obtained his university degree from the University of Toronto in 1914. He spent two years in residence at the Toronto General Hospital. Drake was a medical officer during World War I. After the war, he returned to the Toronto General Hospital where he eventually became head of the research institute.

## Medical accomplishments

In 1923, he, along with physicians Alan Brown and Frederick Tisdale, helped work out the formula for Pablum, a processed cereal for children. The cereal marked a breakthrough in nutritional science as it helped prevent rickets, a crippling childhood disease, by ensuring that children have enough vitamin D in their diet. Although Pablum was not the first food designed and sold specifically for babies, it was the first pre-cooked and thoroughly dried baby food. The ease of preparation made Pablum successful in an era when infant malnutrition was still a major problem in industrialized countries.

During World War II, Drake designed nutritional diets for RCAF personnel as well as for POW parcels. After the war, he was named a member of the Order of the British Empire for his work.

## Personal life

Drake met his first wife, Gerturd Salmond, overseas. She predeceased him by 15 years. His second wife was Nina Johnson.

Interested in the history of pediatric care, Drake began a collection of art and artifacts related to the history of children's health. Over 3000 artifacts and 1000 prints formed a base of his collection. This collection is now in the hands of the Royal Ontario Museum.

Drake died on October 18, 1959.

* Toronto *Globe and Mail*, Feb 19, 1960


title: PCDH12

abstract: Protocadherin-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCDH12 gene. This gene belongs to the protocadherin gene family, a subfamily of the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein consists of an extracellular domain containing 6 cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail that differs from those of the classical cadherins. The gene localizes to the region on chromosome 5 where the protocadherin gene clusters reside. The exon organization of this transcript is similar to that of the gene cluster transcripts, notably the first large exon, but no significant sequence homology exists. The function of this cellular adhesion protein is undetermined but mouse protocadherin 12 does not bind catenins and appears to have no effect on cell migration or growth.

text:
# PCDH12

**Protocadherin-12** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *PCDH12* gene.

This gene belongs to the protocadherin gene family, a subfamily of the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein consists of an extracellular domain containing 6 cadherin repeats, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail that differs from those of the classical cadherins. The gene localizes to the region on chromosome 5 where the protocadherin gene clusters reside. The exon organization of this transcript is similar to that of the gene cluster transcripts, notably the first large exon, but no significant sequence homology exists. The function of this cellular adhesion protein is undetermined but mouse protocadherin 12 does not bind catenins and appears to have no effect on cell migration or growth.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| PCDH12 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | PCDH12, VE-cadherin-2, VECAD2, protocadherin 12, DMJDS1 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 605622; MGI: 1855700; HomoloGene: 9574; GeneCards: PCDH12; OMA:PCDH12 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_016580   NM\_017378   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_057664   NP\_059074   Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 141.94 – 141.97 Mb Chr 18: 38.4 – 38.42 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Wahid Shams Kolahi

abstract: Wahid Shams-Kolahi is a scientist and an electrical engineer who is known for his research in photovoltaic-related technologies. Dr. Shams-Kolahi was born in Arak, Iran, in 1965. He obtained his undergraduate degree in electrical engineering at University of Stuttgart and joined the graduate school of electrical engineering/electrophysics, led by Professor Werner H. Bloss. He worked under Professor Bloss with the Institute of Physical Electronics, IPE, and later joined the Hamakawa Lab of the Graduate School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan, where he obtained his master's degree in 1994 and his Ph.D. in 1997. While at Hamakawa Lab, Wahid Shams-Kolahi conducted research on space-made materials and their potential for applications such as the absorption layer of solar cells. The team at Hamakawa Lab led by Shams-Kolahi was chosen by the Spacelab Mission Endeavour project, a cooperation between NASA of the United States and the Japanese NASDA, to study the electrical and optical properties of SiAsTe amorphous- or chalcogenide semiconductors fabricated under microgravity in space as part of Endeavour mission STS-47. Wahid has initiated and conducted research in solid-state electronics and the manufacture of thin-film solar cells such as amorphous silicon, CIGS and CdTe.

text:
# Wahid Shams Kolahi

**Wahid Shams-Kolahi** (Persian: وحید شمس کلاهی) is a scientist and an electrical engineer who is known for his research in photovoltaic-related technologies.

Dr. Shams-Kolahi was born in Arak, Iran, in 1965. He obtained his undergraduate degree in electrical engineering at University of Stuttgart and joined the graduate school of electrical engineering/electrophysics, led by Professor Werner H. Bloss. He worked under Professor Bloss with the Institute of Physical Electronics, IPE, and later joined the Hamakawa Lab of the Graduate School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan, where he obtained his master's degree in 1994 and his Ph.D. in 1997.

While at Hamakawa Lab, Wahid Shams-Kolahi conducted research on space-made materials and their potential for applications such as the absorption layer of solar cells. The team at Hamakawa Lab led by Shams-Kolahi was chosen by the Spacelab Mission Endeavour project, a cooperation between NASA of the United States and the Japanese NASDA, to study the electrical and optical properties of SiAsTe amorphous- or chalcogenide semiconductors fabricated under microgravity in space as part of Endeavour mission STS-47.

Wahid has initiated and conducted research in solid-state electronics and the manufacture of thin-film solar cells such as amorphous silicon, CIGS and CdTe.

## Notable projects

* Doping efficiency/doping effect on the electrical conductivity of amorphous semiconductors prepared in the space shuttle microgravity (Osaka University, Japan)
* Novel purification techniques for Semiconductors (Si) and Insulators; PRISED Solar Inc. & Centre for Advanced Nanotechnology, University of Toronto, Canada
* Optimization of epitaxial growth of ultra-thin platinum silicide (Mitsubishi Electric, Amagasaki, Japan)
* Differential methods for the computation of semiconductor band gaps (Osaka University, Japan)
* SIMS Study of the effect of gallium grading in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (University of Stuttgart, Germany)
* Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD co-evaporation) of CIGS thin-film solar cells (Panasonic, Matsushita Denki, Kyoto, Japan)
* SLG-substrate softening temperature related to the formation of CIGS thin films (Panasonic, Matsushita Denki, Kyoto, Japan)
* Use of PVD for Light Amplification by nanocrystalline silicon sensitized erbium-doped silica (University of Toronto, Canada)
* Utilization of TOF-SIMS for the characterization and identification of Si-nanocrystals (University of Toronto, Canada)
* Simultaneous improvement of electrical and optical properties of TCO (ITO) thin films (University of Toronto, Canada)

## Selected publications

* Shams-Kolahi, Wahid; Endo, Shoichi; Kobayashi, Yuki; Honda, A.; Nakaike, S.; Toma, T.; Hambach, M.; Takeshima, S.; Okamoto, Hiroaki; Hamakawa, Yoshihiro (1996). "High-pressure effects in Si-As-Te amorphous chalcogenide glasses fabricated under microgravity environment". *Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids*. 198–200. Elsevier BV: 705–708. doi:10.1016/0022-3093(96)00012-9. ISSN 0022-3093.
* Shams-Kolahi, Wahid; Kobayashi, Michihiro; Hanzawa, Hiromasa; Okamoto, Hiroaki; Endo, Shoichi; Kobayashi, Yuki; Hamakawa, Yoshihiro (1996-09-15). "Pressure Effects on Electrical and Optical Properties of Si–As–Te Chalcogenide Glasses Fabricated in the Gravity Environment and in a Microgravity Environment". *Japanese Journal of Applied Physics*. **35** (Part 1, No. 9A). Japan Society of Applied Physics: 4713–4717. doi:10.1143/jjap.35.4713. ISSN 0021-4922.
* Shams-Kolahi, Wahid; Kobayashi, Michihiro; Hanzawa, Hiromasa; Kubota, Tomohiro; Kobayashi, Hikaru; Okamoto, Hiroaki; Endo, Shoichi; Kobayashi, Yuki; Hamakawa, Yoshihiro (1996-12-15). "Valence Band Structure of Si–As–Te Chalcogenide Glasses Prepared in the Gravity Environment of the Earth and in a Microgravity Environment in Space". *Japanese Journal of Applied Physics*. **35** (Part 1, No. 12A). Japan Society of Applied Physics: 6162–6165. doi:10.1143/jjap.35.6162. ISSN 0021-4922.
* Shams-Kolahi, Wahid; Kobayashi, Michihiro; Hanzawa, Hiromasa; Matsumura, Michio; Kobayashi, Hikaru; Okamoto, Hiroaki; Endo, Shoichi; Kobayashi, Yuki; Hamakawa, Yoshihiro (1997-03-15). "X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Si–As–Te Chalcogenide Glasses Prepared in the Earth's Gravity and in Microgravity". *Japanese Journal of Applied Physics*. **36** (Part 1, No. 3A). Japan Society of Applied Physics: 987–990. doi:10.1143/jjap.36.987. ISSN 0021-4922.
* Minemoto, T; Hashimoto, Y; Shams-Kolahi, W; Satoh, T; Negami, T; Takakura, H; Hamakawa, Y (2003). "Control of conduction band offset in wide-gap Cu(In,Ga)Se solar cells". *Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells*. **75** (1–2). Elsevier BV: 121–126. doi:10.1016/s0927-0248(02)00120-4. ISSN 0927-0248.
* Dullweber, T.; Hanna, G.; Shams-Kolahi, W.; Schwartzlander, A.; Contreras, M.A.; Noufi, R.; Schock, H.W. (2000). "Study of the effect of gallium grading in Cu(In,Ga)Se2". *Thin Solid Films*. 361–362. Elsevier BV: 478–481. doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(99)00845-7. ISSN 0040-6090.

1. Professor Werner H. Bloss died in June 1995.
2. Institute of Physical Electronics
3. Professor Yoshihiro Hamakawa

## InfoBox

| Wahid Shams-Kolahi | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1965-05-03)May 3, 1965
Arak, Iran |
| Nationality | Iranian, German |
| Alma mater | Stuttgart University (Undergraduate, Electrical Engineering)
Osaka University (M. Sc., Electrical Engineering)
Osaka University (Ph.D., Electrical Engineering) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Electrical Engineering
Electrophysics
Physics
Solid State Electronics
Photovoltaic
Semiconductor Physics |
| Doctoral advisor | Yoshihiro Hamakawa
Hiroaki Okamoto |
| Other academic advisors | Werner H. Bloss
Manfred Pilkuhn |
|  | |