title: R8000

abstract: The R8000 is a microprocessor chipset developed by MIPS Technologies, Inc. (MTI), Toshiba, and Weitek. It was the first implementation of the MIPS IV instruction set architecture. The R8000 is also known as the TFP, for Tremendous Floating-Point, its name during development.

text:
# R8000

The **R8000** is a microprocessor chipset developed by MIPS Technologies, Inc. (MTI), Toshiba, and Weitek. It was the first implementation of the MIPS IV instruction set architecture. The R8000 is also known as the *TFP*, for *Tremendous Floating-Point*, its name during development.

## History

Development of the R8000 started in the early 1990s at Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI). The R8000 was specifically designed to provide the performance of circa 1990s supercomputers with a microprocessor instead of a central processing unit (CPU) built from many discrete components such as gate arrays. At the time, the performance of traditional supercomputers was not advancing as rapidly as reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessors. It was predicted that RISC microprocessors would eventually match the performance of more expensive and larger supercomputers at a fraction of the cost and size, making computers with this level of performance more accessible and enabling deskside workstations and servers to replace supercomputers in many situations.

First details of the R8000 emerged in April 1992 in an announcement by MIPS Computer Systems detailing future MIPS microprocessors. In March 1992, SGI announced it was acquiring MIPS Computer Systems, which became a subsidiary of SGI called MIPS Technologies, Inc. (MTI) in mid-1992. Development of the R8000 was transferred to MTI, where it continued. The R8000 was expected to be introduced in 1993, but it was delayed until mid-1994. The first R8000, a 75 MHz part, was introduced on 7 June 1994. It was priced at US$2,500 at the time. In mid-1995, a 90 MHz part appeared in systems from SGI. The R8000's high cost and narrow market (technical and scientific computing) restricted its market share, and although it was popular in its intended market, it was largely replaced with the cheaper and generally better performing R10000 introduced January 1996.

Users of the R8000 were SGI, who used it in their Power Indigo2 workstation, Power Challenge server, Power ChallengeArray cluster and Power Onyx visualization system. In the November 1994 TOP500 list, 50 systems out of 500 used the R8000. The highest ranked R8000-based systems were four Power Challenges at positions 154 to 157. Each had 18 R8000s. SGI claimed a floating-point throughput of 300 million instructions per second, a SPECfp92 rating of 310, and a more modest SPECint92 rating of 108.

## Description

The chip set consisted of the R8000 microprocessor, the R8010 floating-point unit, two Tag RAMs, and the streaming cache. The R8000 is superscalar, capable of issuing up to four instructions per cycle, and executes instructions in program order. It has a five-stage integer pipeline.

### R8000

The R8000 controlled the chip set and executed integer instructions. It contained the integer execution units, integer register file, primary caches and hardware for instruction fetch, branch prediction the translation lookaside buffers (TLBs).

In stage one, four instructions are fetched from the instruction cache. The instruction cache is 16 kB large, direct-mapped, virtually tagged and virtually indexed, and has a 32-byte line size. Instruction decoding and register reads occur during stage two, and branch instructions are resolved as well, leading to a one-cycle branch mispredict penalty. Load and store instructions begin execution in stage three, and integer instructions in stage four. Integer execution was delayed until stage four so that integer instructions which use the result of a load as an operand may be issued in the cycle after the load. Results are written to the integer register file in stage five.

The integer register file has nine read ports and four write ports. Four read ports supply operands to the two integer execution units (the branch unit was considered part of an integer unit). Another four read ports supply operands to the two address generators. Four ports are needed, rather than two, because of the base(register) + index(register) address style added in the MIPS IV ISA. The R8000 issues at most one integer store per cycle, and one final read port delivers the integer store data.

Two register file write ports are used to write results from the two integer functional units. The R8000 issues two integer loads per cycle, and the other two write ports are used to write the results of integer loads to the register file.

The level 1 data cache was organized as two redundant arrays, each of which had one read port and one write port. Integer stores were written to both arrays. Two loads could be processed in parallel, one on each array.

Integer functional units consisted of two integer units, a shift unit, a multiply-divide unit, and two address generator units. Multiply and divide instructions are executed in the multiply-divide unit, which is not pipelined. As a result, the latency for a multiply instruction is four cycles for 32-bit operands and six cycles for 64-bit. The latency for a divide instruction depends on the number of significant digits in the result and thus it varies from 21 to 73 cycles.

#### Loads and stores

Loads and stores begin execution in stage three. The R8000 has two address generation units (AGUs) that calculate virtual address for loads and stores. In stage four, the virtual addresses are translated to physical addresses by a dual-ported TLB that contains 384 entries and is three-way set associative. The 16 kB data cache is accessed in the same cycle. It is dual-ported, and is accessed via two 64-bit buses. It can service two loads or one load and one store per cycle. The cache is not protected by parity or by error correcting code (ECC). In the event of a cache miss, the data must be loaded from the streaming cache with an eight-cycle penalty. The cache is virtually indexed, physically tagged, direct mapped, has a 32-byte line size and uses a write-through with allocate protocol. If the loads hit in the data cache, the result is written to the integer register file in stage five.

### R8010

The R8010 executed floating-point instructions provided by an instruction queue on the R8000. The queue decoupled the floating-point pipeline from the integer pipeline, implementing a limited form of out-of-order execution by allowing floating-point instructions to execute when possible after or before the integer instructions from the same group are issued. The pipelines were decoupled to help mitigate some of the streaming cache latency.

It contained the floating-point register file, a load queue, a store queue, and two identical floating-point units. All instructions except for divide and square-root are pipelined. The R8010 implements an iterative division and square-root algorithm that uses the multiplier for a key part, requiring the pipeline to be stalled the unit for the duration of the operation.

Arithmetic instructions except for compares have a four-cycle latency. Single and double precision divides have latencies of 14 and 20 cycles, respectively; and single and double precision square-roots have latencies of 14 and 23 cycles, respectively.

### Streaming cache and Tag RAMs

The *streaming cache* is an external 1 to 16 MB cache that serves as the R8000's L2 unified cache and the R8010's L1 data cache. It operates at the same clock rate as the R8000 and is built from commodity synchronous static RAMs. This scheme was used to attain sustained floating point performance, which requires frequent access to data. A small low-latency primary cache would not contain enough data and frequently miss, necessitating long latency refiles that reduce performance.

The streaming cache is two-way interleaved. It has two independent banks, each containing data from even or odd addresses. It can therefore perform two reads, two writes, or a read and a write every cycle, provided that the two accesses are to separate banks. Each bank is accessed via two 64-bit unidirectional buses, one for reads, and the other for writes. This scheme was used to avoid bus turnover, which is required by bidirectional buses. By avoiding bus turnover, the cache can be read from in one cycle and then written to in the next cycle without an intervening cycle for turnover, resulting in improved performance.

The streaming cache's tags are contained on two Tag RAM chips, one for each bank. Both chips contain identical data. Each chip contains 1.189 Mbit of cache tags implemented by four-transistor SRAM cells. The chips are implemented in a 0.7 μm BiCMOS process with two levels of polysilicon and two levels of aluminium interconnect. BiCMOS circuitry was used in the decoders and combined sense amplifier and comparator portions of the chip to reduce cycle time. Each Tag RAM is 14.8 mm by 14.8 mm large, packaged in a 155-pin CPGA, and dissipates 3 W at 75 MHz. In addition to providing the cache tags, the Tag RAMs are responsible for the streaming cache being four-way set associative. To avoid high a pin count, the cache tags are four-way set associative and logic selects which set to access after lookup instead of the usual way of implementing set-associative caches.

Access to the streaming cache is pipelined to mitigate some of the latency. The pipeline has five stages: in stage one, addresses are sent to the Tag RAMs, which are accessed in stage two. Stage three is for the signals from the Tag RAMs to propagate to the SSRAMs. In stage four, the SSRAMs are accessed and data is returned to the R8000 or R8010 in stage five.

### Physical

The R8000 contained 2.6 million transistors and measured 17.34 mm by 17.30 mm (299.98 mm2). The R8010 contained 830,000 transistors. In total, the two chips contained 3.43 million transistors. Both were fabricated by Toshiba in their VHMOSIII process, a 0.7 μm, triple-layer metal complementary metaloxidesemiconductor (CMOS) process. Both are packaged in 591-pin ceramic pin grid array (CPGA) packages. Both chips used a 3.3 V power supply, and the R8000 dissipated 13 W at 75 MHz.

## Further reading


title: Vesturhópsvatn

abstract: Vesturhópsvatn is a lake in northern Iceland. It is located in the municipality of Húnaþing vestra.

text:
# Vesturhópsvatn

**Vesturhópsvatn** is a lake in northern Iceland. It is located in the municipality of Húnaþing vestra.

## Geography

The surface of the Vesturhópsvatn is about 10 km2; the maximum depth is 28m.

## InfoBox

| Höfðavatn | |
| --- | --- |
| Vesturhópsvatn | |
| Höfðavatn | |
| Location | Húnaþing vestra |
| Coordinates | 65°28′09″N 20°39′05″W / 65.46917°N 20.65139°W / 65.46917; -20.65139 |
| Basin countries | Iceland |
|  | |
| Surface area | 10 km2 (3.9 sq mi) |
| Average depth | 28 m (92 ft) |
| Max. depth | 28 m (92 ft) |


title: Norman Millard

abstract: The Venerable Ernest Norman Millard was Archdeacon of Oakham from 1946 to 1966. Born on 20 September 1899, he was educated at the City of London School and Worcester College, Oxford. He was ordained after a period of study at Ripon College Cuddesdonin 1925 and began his career with a curacy in Rugby. He held incumbencies at St James, Northampton and St Mark's, Portsea, Portsmouth before his years as an Archdeacon, during which he was also a Canon Residentiary of Peterborough Cathedral. He died on 7 March 1969.

text:
# Norman Millard

The Venerable **Ernest Norman Millard** was Archdeacon of Oakham from 1946 to 1966.

Born on 20 September 1899, he was educated at the City of London School and Worcester College, Oxford. He was ordained after a period of study at Ripon College Cuddesdonin 1925 and began his career with a curacy in Rugby. He held incumbencies at St James, Northampton and St Mark's, Portsea, Portsmouth before his years as an Archdeacon, during which he was also a Canon Residentiary of Peterborough Cathedral.

He died on 7 March 1969.


title: Panteras de Miranda

abstract: Panteras de Miranda is a Venezuelan professional basketball club based in Miranda. The club competes in the Superliga Profesional de Baloncesto (SPB), the highest tier.

text:
# Panteras de Miranda

**Panteras de Miranda** (transl. *Miranda Panthers*) is a Venezuelan professional basketball club based in Miranda. The club competes in the Superliga Profesional de Baloncesto (SPB), the highest tier.

## InfoBox

| Panteras de Miranda | |
| --- | --- |
| League | Superliga Profesional de Baloncesto |
| Founded | 1974 |
| History | **Panteras de Miranda**
1974–present |
| Location | Miranda, Venezuela |
| Team colors | Black, gold, and white
 |
| Head coach | Daniel Seoane |
| Championships | **1** (1995) |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Uskorz Mały

abstract: Uskorz Mały is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wołów, within Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Wołów and 35 km (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

text:
# Uskorz Mały

**Uskorz Mały** \[ˈuskɔʂ ˈmawɨ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wołów, within Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Wołów and 35 km (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

## InfoBox

| Uskorz Mały | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Uskorz Mały | |
| Coordinates: 51°19′43″N 16°40′5″E / 51.32861°N 16.66806°E / 51.32861; 16.66806 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lower Silesian |
| County | Wołów |
| Gmina | Wołów |


title: Tupadły, Nakło County

abstract: Tupadły is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kcynia, within Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

text:
# Tupadły, Nakło County

**Tupadły** \[tuˈpadwɨ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kcynia, within Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Tupadły | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
|  | |
| Tupadły | |
| Coordinates: 53°00′29″N 17°30′05″E / 53.00806°N 17.50139°E / 53.00806; 17.50139 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Kuyavian-Pomeranian |
| County | Nakło |
| Gmina | Kcynia |


title: Phú Thọ

abstract: Phú Thọ is a district-level town in Phú Thọ Province, Vietnam. As of 2003, the town had a population of 63,333. The town covers an area of 64 km².

text:
# Phú Thọ

**Phú Thọ** () is a district-level town in Phú Thọ Province, Vietnam. As of 2003, the town had a population of 63,333. The town covers an area of 64 km².

## Geography

Phú Thọ is bordered by Phù Ninh to the north, Thanh Ba to the southwest, Tam Nông to the south and Lâm Thao to the southeast.

## Transport

Phu Tho is well connected with Ha Noi by public transport.

## InfoBox

| Phú Thọ Thị xã Phú Thọ | |
| --- | --- |
| Town (Class-3) | |
| Phú Thọ Town | |
|  | |
| Location of Phú Thọ within Vietnam | |
| Phú Thọ | |
| Coordinates: 21°24′1″N 105°13′21″E / 21.40028°N 105.22250°E / 21.40028; 105.22250 | |
| Country | Vietnam |
| Province | Phú Thọ |
| Area | |
| Total | 24.9 sq mi (64.6 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 91,650 |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (Indochina Time) |


title: Maniac (Michael Sembello song)

abstract: "Maniac" is a song from the 1983 film Flashdance that was written by Dennis Matkosky and its performer, Michael Sembello. The original idea for the song came to Matkosky while watching a news report on a serial killer, which inspired gruesome lyrics that he and Sembello expanded upon after finding a 1980 horror film with the same name. When Flashdance director Adrian Lyne grew attached to the demo of the song used during filming, his music supervisor Phil Ramone requested lyrics more appropriate for their story of a dancer and worked with Sembello to produce a new version for the soundtrack. The new recording was used for a scene in which protagonist Alexandra Owens trains rigorously at home. After the film became a surprise success, a music video was made using scenes from the film and began airing on the cable channel MTV in May 1983, coinciding with the release of the single. The song spent two weeks at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and performed well in several countries. Because its video was shown extensively on MTV and Flashdance became the third highest-grossing film of 1983 in the U.S., Hollywood began to see music videos as a profitable way to market films. The song thrust Sembello into the spotlight for the first time with personal appearances to promote it and even won Matkosky and him a Grammy for their composition. He included "Maniac" on his debut album but made it clear that he would not be putting out a similar song just to capitalize on its success and that he wanted people to forget his hit record and focus on his latest material. Cover versions of the song cropped up in the UK, however, and one recording of a DJ rapping over a remix spent 10 weeks at number 1 in Ireland in 2000 and became the country's fifth biggest-selling single of all time.

text:
# Maniac (Michael Sembello song)

"**Maniac**" is a song from the 1983 film *Flashdance* that was written by Dennis Matkosky and its performer, Michael Sembello. The original idea for the song came to Matkosky while watching a news report on a serial killer, which inspired gruesome lyrics that he and Sembello expanded upon after finding a 1980 horror film with the same name. When *Flashdance* director Adrian Lyne grew attached to the demo of the song used during filming, his music supervisor Phil Ramone requested lyrics more appropriate for their story of a dancer and worked with Sembello to produce a new version for the soundtrack. The new recording was used for a scene in which protagonist Alexandra Owens trains rigorously at home.

After the film became a surprise success, a music video was made using scenes from the film and began airing on the cable channel MTV in May 1983, coinciding with the release of the single. The song spent two weeks at number one on the *Billboard* Hot 100 and performed well in several countries. Because its video was shown extensively on MTV and *Flashdance* became the third highest-grossing film of 1983 in the U.S., Hollywood began to see music videos as a profitable way to market films.

The song thrust Sembello into the spotlight for the first time with personal appearances to promote it and even won Matkosky and him a Grammy for their composition. He included "Maniac" on his debut album but made it clear that he would not be putting out a similar song just to capitalize on its success and that he wanted people to forget his hit record and focus on his latest material. Cover versions of the song cropped up in the UK, however, and one recording of a DJ rapping over a remix spent 10 weeks at number 1 in Ireland in 2000 and became the country's fifth biggest-selling single of all time.

## Composition and recording

The general concept for what became the *Flashdance* hit came to songwriter Dennis Matkosky while watching a news report about a serial killer. He jokingly thought, "With my luck, this guy lives next door to me," and immediately jotted down the lyrics that came to mind: "He's a maniac. He just moved in next door. He'll kill your cat and nail it to the floor." He took the idea to his friend Michael Sembello, whose eyes widened with interest when he heard the title. As soon as Matkosky was seated at a piano, Sembello said, "All right. Hit the weirdest chord you know," and they began composing the music. Their inspiration for the bridge came from the Bloodrock song "D.O.A.", a number 36 hit on the *Billboard* Hot 100 in 1971 that recreated the two-tone siren used on ambulances in the United Kingdom at that time, and Sembello came up with the idea of using "Chopsticks" to introduce the instrumental portion of the song. Matkosky said, "We thought it was a joke because we weren't trying to write a song. We were trying to make our friends laugh."

Sembello recalled their usual process for situations where they needed more lyrics: "Whenever we get an idea, we start researching, but we didn't have Google." Matkosky found the 1980 slasher film *Maniac* and rented it to see if they could come up with more to put in the song. It did provide the additional lyrics they wanted, but the demo they recorded wound up on a tape sent to Phil Ramone, who was looking for songs to use in *Flashdance*. During the film's pre-production, the two-tone siren music used in the bridge stood out for the film's director, Adrian Lyne, who said, "One of the tunes I'd heard had a kind of a chime in it, that kind of 'bing-bong-bing-bong-bing-bong', like that, and I said, 'Let's use that. Let's use that as a kind of a motive, as a kind of a driving thing for a dance.'" Lyne had grown accustomed to using the music by the end of filming and wanted it in the final cut, so Ramone asked for lyrics to fit the movie and had Sembello re-record the song.

## Music video

Before *Flashdance* was released on April 15, 1983, its distributor Paramount Pictures had doubts that it would do well at the box office. The May 7 issue of *Cash Box*, however, reported on the surprise success of the film and Paramount's plan to have Lyne take parts of scenes from it to create music videos to be shown on the cable channel MTV as well as on television programs and at other venues featuring such clips. "Maniac" was listed on the reports that MTV provided to *Billboard* that indicated what videos were in rotation on the cable network and made its first appearance there in the May 21 issue, which indicated that it had been added to their playlist as of May 11.

## Release and commercial performance

The June 4, 1983, issue of *Billboard* magazine included the first appearance of the 7-inch single of "Maniac" on the *Billboard* Hot 100, where it spent 22 weeks, and the September 10 *Billboard* marked its first of 2 weeks as the most popular song in the US. It reached number 34 during its 8 weeks on the magazine's Top Rock Tracks chart that began in the July 30 issue, and also made a number 34 showing over the course of 9 weeks on the Adult Contemporary chart as of the September 3 *Billboard*. Their September 10 Chartbeat column bemoaned the latter appearance as a "sign of the times", noting that "AC clearly isn't just for Anne Murray anymore", an uncannily prescient assessment considering that the song went to number 1 on the Adult Contemporary and pop charts in Murray's native Canada just weeks later. It also made the top 10 on the pop charts in Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, and Switzerland. The 12-inch remix began 15 weeks on the Dance/Disco Top 80 in the June 25 *Billboard* and eventually got as high as number 6.

## Critical reception

"Maniac" was selected as the best song on the soundtrack album by the editors of *Digital Audio's Guide to Compact Discs*, who described how "it opens with a fast disco drum machine beat, augmented by frantic synthesizers and a pulsating bass line." In their retrospective reviews, AllMusic labeled the song as one of their Album Picks from the *Flashdance* soundtrack and the 1994 *Casablanca Records Story* compilation.

## Awards and accolades

As a single, "Maniac" earned Sembello Grammy nominations for Record of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male, and a nomination with Matkosky for Song of the Year. As part of the *Flashdance* soundtrack, it gave them and all of the songwriters who contributed to the album the Grammy Award for Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or a Television Special, and Sembello was also nominated alongside all of the other performers on the soundtrack for Album of the Year. "Maniac" was nominated for the Academy Award and Golden Globe for Best Original Song, and the music video for "Maniac" was awarded Best Editing at *Billboard* magazine's Video Music Awards.

## Live performances

Some of Sembello's appearances to promote "Maniac" included programs where performers would lip sync to the hit recording of their song, such as *Solid Gold*, where he appeared on June 18, and *American Bandstand*, which included a brief interview of him by Dick Clark, on September 10. At the 56th Academy Awards on April 9, 1984, the song was performed live by Lani Hall with Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass.

## Legacy and influence

The extensive exposure that the "Maniac" video received from MTV and other outlets helped Paramount plug *Flashdance* for free instead of paying the several million dollars of commercial time for the standard television advertising exposure needed to get the same result. Paramount vice president Gordon Weaver described this approach as "invisible marketing". *Flashdance* went on to be the third highest-grossing film of 1983 in the US despite having unknown actors and receiving bad reviews, so the new priority for studio marketing departments became evaluating how practical it would be to include popular music in the projects they were looking to release in order to receive similar benefits from such outlets.

## Aftermath

In 1983 Sembello said, "It's a funny irony that it caught on so, especially since I don't dance and have never even been to a disco." Later he expressed pride in having a number one record after working in the business for so many years, cautioning, "But, hey, let it die. 'Maniac' was just a song, and now I'm on to the next, and I don't want to rip off the record-buying public by doing a carbon-copy of 'Maniac' just to make some money." He chose to continue working with Ramone on his debut album, *Bossa Nova Hotel*, which included his number one single and gave him two more U.S. chart hits: the number 34 Hot 100 entry "Automatic Man" and "Talk", which reached number 25 on the Adult Contemporary chart.

In May 2010, *Maniac* director William Lustig interviewed Sembello and Matkosky to clear up the misconception that his film was what began the process of writing their song of the same name, and they confirmed that the story of how the song originated had been retold incorrectly over the years.

## Personnel

## Charts

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Platinum | 100,000^ |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Gold | 45,000 |
| Germany (BVMI) | Gold | 300,000 |
| Italy (FIMI) | Gold | 25,000 |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | Platinum | 60,000 |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 400,000 |
| ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## Other versions

Irish rave act 4 Rhythm made a recording of "Maniac" in 1994 that replaced the verses with a more contemporary rap, but the publishers of the original, Warner Chappell Music, "weren't happy with the change of lyrics and blocked the release". They did allow a 4 Rhythm version in which the original verses were rapped, and that recording reached number 28 in 1995, the same peak position that Sembello achieved, on the Irish Singles Chart. "Maniac 2000", a performance of Mark McCabe rapping over the 4 Rhythm version, spent ten weeks at number one on the Irish Singles Chart and became the country's fifth biggest-selling single of all time.

## Citations

## General and cited references

* Bronson, Fred (2003). *The Billboard Book of Number One Hits*. Billboard Books. ISBN 9780823076772.
* Canale, Larry, ed. (1986). *Digital Audio's Guide to Compact Discs*. Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-34356-4.
* Eszterhas, Joe (2010). *Hollywood Animal: A Memoir*. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 9780307530875.
* O'Neil, Thomas (1999). *The Grammys*. Perigree Books. ISBN 0-39952-477-0.
* O'Neil, Thomas (2003). *Movie Awards: The Ultimate, Unofficial Guide to the Oscars, Golden Globes, Critics, Guild & Indie Honors*. Perigree Books. ISBN 978-0-39952-922-1.
* Whitburn, Joel (2004). *Joel Whitburn's Hot Dance/Disco, 1974–2003*. Record Research Inc. ISBN 978-0-89820-156-7.
* Whitburn, Joel (2007). *Joel Whitburn Presents Billboard Top Adult Songs, 1961–2006*. Record Research Inc. ISBN 978-0-89820-169-7.
* Whitburn, Joel (2008). *Joel Whitburn Presents Rock Tracks, 1981–2008*. Record Research Inc. ISBN 978-0898201741.
* Whitburn, Joel (2009). *Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles, 1955–2008*. Record Research Inc. ISBN 978-0-89820-180-2.
* Wiley, Mason; Bona, Damien (1996). *Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards*. Ballantine Books. ISBN 0-345-40053-4.

## InfoBox

| "Maniac" | |
| --- | --- |
| Side-A label of U.S. single | |
| Single by Michael Sembello | |
| from the album  *Bossa Nova Hotel* and *Flashdance: Original Soundtrack from the Motion Picture* | |
| B-side | "Maniac" (instrumental) |
| Released | May 1983 |
| Recorded | 1983 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | * 4:04 (soundtrack version) * 4:18 (7-inch single/album version) * 5:57 (12-inch single version) |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) | * Dennis Matkosky * Michael Sembello |
| Producer(s) |  |
| Michael Sembello singles chronology | |
| "**Maniac**"
(1983) "Automatic Man"
(1983) | |


title: The Falling Astronauts

abstract: The Falling Astronauts is a science fiction novel by American writer Barry N. Malzberg, first published in 1971 in a paperback edition by Ace Books.

text:
# The Falling Astronauts

***The Falling Astronauts*** is a science fiction novel by American writer Barry N. Malzberg, first published in 1971 in a paperback edition by Ace Books.

## Plot summary

The novel's protagonist Colonel Richard Martin suffers a mental breakdown during one of the series of space missions to test nuclear seismic charges on the Moon. Disillusioned by the space program, Martin agrees to handle public relations for one more mission before termination. However, the mission to install the seismic charges on the lunar surface goes awry when one of the astronauts goes rogue and threatens nuclear destruction upon Earth.

## Reception

In 1972, *The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction*'s Joanna Russ praised *The Falling Astronauts* with "What is astonishing about this novel is not that the protagonist (the point-of-view character) is mad, *but that everyone else is, too.* It is eerie to listen to a mad madman being interviewed by a ‘sane’ madman in a world where any pretense to ‘rationality’ is the maddest thing of all." *Galaxy Science Fiction*'s Theodore Sturgeon said "Malzberg gives a voice to the mixed-up, the impotent, to the torment of helplessness—and to the peculiar hope that personal integrity, even if it be irrational or wrong-headed, may just possibly be able to beat the system." In 1973, *Algol*'s Richard A. Lupoff reviewed the novel with "It's a study in the dehumanizing pressure of space-flight, from an author passionately devoted to the notion of space exploration."

In 2013, *The Paris Review*'s J. D. Daniels reviewed Malzberg's work including *The Falling Astronauts* with "\[j\]ust because I like it doesn’t mean it isn’t crap." While reviewing *Beyond Apollo*, *The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction*'s Don D'Ammassa said novels like *The Falling Astronauts* were "denounced regularly in letter columns and in the fan press."

Under a pseudonym, *Locus Online*'s Paul Di Filippo reported that on April 1, 2006 writer Barry N. Malzberg was invited by Richard Branson to fly on the spaceflight company Virgin Galactic. *The Falling Astronauts* was one of the novels that "revealed the rot and canker and delusions at the roots of governmental space travel."

## InfoBox

The Falling Astronauts
| Ace Science Fiction Specials first edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Barry N. Malzberg |
| Cover artist | Davis Meltzer |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Science fiction |
| Publisher | Ace Books (original 1971 edition) |
| Publication date | 1971 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (Paperback) |
| Pages | 191 (Ace Books edition) |
| OCLC | 1099422 |


title: Faulkener (play)

abstract: Faulkener is an 1807 historical tragedy by the British writer William Godwin. The play premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane on 16 December 1807. The cast included Robert Elliston as Faulkener, Henry Siddons as Stanley, Harriet Siddons as Lauretta, Jack Palmer as Benedetto, William Powell as Orsini and Jane Powell as Arabella.

text:
# Faulkener (play)

***Faulkener*** (also sometimes spelt as ***Faulkner***) is an 1807 historical tragedy by the British writer William Godwin. The play premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane on 16 December 1807. The cast included Robert Elliston as Faulkener, Henry Siddons as Stanley, Harriet Siddons as Lauretta, Jack Palmer as Benedetto, William Powell as Orsini and Jane Powell as Arabella.

## Bibliography

* Greene, John C. *Theatre in Dublin, 1745-1820: A Calendar of Performances, Volume 6*. Lexington Books, 2011.
* O'Shaughnessy, David. *The Plays of William Godwin*. Routledge, 2016.
* Marshall, Peter. *William Godwin: Philosopher, Novelist, Revolutionary*. PM Press, 2017.
* Nicoll, Allardyce. *A History of Early Nineteenth Century Drama 1800-1850*. Cambridge University Press, 1930.
* Robertson, Ben P. *The Diaries of Elizabeth Inchbald*. Taylor & Francis, 2022.

## InfoBox

| Faulkener | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Written by | William Godwin |
| Date premiered | 16 December 1807 |
| Place premiered | Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London |
| Original language | English |
| Genre | Tragedy |
| Setting | Florence, 17th century |


title: Faulkland, Delaware

abstract: Faulkland is an unincorporated community in New Castle County, Delaware, United States, approximately two miles west of Wilmington. Faulkland has only one main road, Faulkland Road. No post office has ever existed in the very small community. The Wilmington and Western Railroad runs parallel through the area with a level crossing at Faulkland Road. Hyde Run, a Red Clay Creek tributary, runs through the area.

text:
# Faulkland, Delaware

**Faulkland** is an unincorporated community in New Castle County, Delaware, United States, approximately two miles west of Wilmington. Faulkland has only one main road, Faulkland Road. No post office has ever existed in the very small community. The Wilmington and Western Railroad runs parallel through the area with a level crossing at Faulkland Road. Hyde Run, a Red Clay Creek tributary, runs through the area.

## History

Faulkland's population was 300 in 1890, and 281 in 1900.

A newspaper, called *The Faulkland Quiz*, was published in the community during the 1890s.

## InfoBox

| Faulkland, Delaware | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| FaulklandFaulkland | |
| Coordinates: 39°44′51″N 75°38′8″W / 39.74750°N 75.63556°W / 39.74750; -75.63556 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Delaware |
| County | New Castle |
| Elevation | 98 ft (30 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Area code | 302 |
| GNIS feature ID | 213951 |


title: Faulkner, Kansas

abstract: Faulkner is an unincorporated community in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States. It is located southeast of Oswego along SW 100th St.

text:
# Faulkner, Kansas

**Faulkner** is an unincorporated community in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States. It is located southeast of Oswego along SW 100th St.

## History

Faulkner was a shipping point on the Missouri Pacific Railroad.

## Economy

Faulkner has one business, Faulkner Grain.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Faulkner, Kansas | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| KDOT map of Cherokee County (legend) | |
| FaulknerFaulkner | |
| Coordinates: 37°06′05″N 95°00′42″W / 37.10139°N 95.01167°W / 37.10139; -95.01167 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Kansas |
| County | Cherokee |
| Elevation | 830 ft (250 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 620 |
| FIPS code | 20-23300 |
| GNIS ID | 484435 |


title: Fathers and Sons (short story)

abstract: "Fathers and Sons" is a short story by Ernest Hemingway published 1933, in the collection Winner Take Nothing. It later appeared in The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories and The Snows of Kilimanjaro and Other Stories. The story is a personal narrative that follows the path of Nick Adams as he drives through his hometown with his son. Most of the story is told through memories of Nick's childhood and Father. The story chronicles the relationships between three generations of men. Important themes in "Fathers and Sons" include father–son relationships, Nick's homecoming, growing up, and role models.

text:
# Fathers and Sons (short story)

"**Fathers and Sons**" is a short story by Ernest Hemingway published 1933, in the collection *Winner Take Nothing*. It later appeared in *The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories* and *The Snows of Kilimanjaro and Other Stories*.

The story is a personal narrative that follows the path of Nick Adams as he drives through his hometown with his son. Most of the story is told through memories of Nick's childhood and Father. The story chronicles the relationships between three generations of men.

Important themes in "Fathers and Sons" include father–son relationships, Nick's homecoming, growing up, and role models.

## Plot

"Fathers and Sons" is a story about Nicholas Adams driving home with his son after a hunting trip in his hometown. Hunting imagery and small-town agriculture make Nick think about his father, who taught him how to hunt. Nick's father had a fantastic vision, but Nick says this skill made him nervous. Nick's father was a sentimental man, and Nick says that most sentimental people are both cruel and abused. Nick loved his father, but hated the way he smelled. Nick lost his sense of smell when he started smoking, which he reflects is a good thing because a good sense of smell is not necessary to man. Nick never shared anything with his father past the age of fifteen. Nick's father taught him how to hunt by giving him only three bullets a day. Nick learned much from his father about hunting.

Nick is interrupted from his memories by his son, who asks what it's like to live with Indians and if he can have a gun. Nick tells him that it's his son's decision if he wants to live with Indians, and that he can have a gun at age twelve. Nick thinks about, but does not tell his son, how Trudy "did first what no one has ever done better." He also thinks to himself that shooting one flying bird is like shooting all flying birds—the experience is always just as good. Nick's son does not believe that his grandfather could have been a better hunter than Nick, but Nick says that the man was always disappointed in the way Nick shot. Nick's son expresses regret that they have never yet prayed at his grandfather's grave and concern that he will not be able to pray at his father's grave, and Nick says that he can see that they will need to do that soon.

## Style

"Fathers and Sons" is another example of the classic "Hemingway Style." Characterized by economy and iceberg theory, the "Hemingway Style" is the product of obsessive revision. Hemingway himself, when asked about his style, said "I must say that what amateurs call a style is usually only the unavoidable awkwardness in first trying to make something that has not heretofore been made."


title: Fathers and Sons (2007 TV series)

abstract: Fathers and Sons is a TVB modern drama series broadcast in August 2007.

text:
# Fathers and Sons (2007 TV series)

***Fathers and Sons*** (Traditional Chinese: 爸爸閉翳) is a TVB modern drama series broadcast in August 2007.

## Synopsis

With the smile when you are in trouble, With his strong helping hand, Father says, “I‘ll be here, my son.”

Top-ranked market research manager Man Tin-Tzi (Bobby Au Yeung) is an expert at price comparison. His motto is “always be price-conscious.” Tzi, who relishes his yuppie lifestyle, has been longing for an early retirement. But the sudden return of his eight-year-old son seems to have completely shattered his dreams. Tzi has no experience in taking care of children and is totally clueless about how to look after his son. Luckily his ally-cum-rival Amy Kam Mei-Tsun (Yoyo Mung) is there to help and look out for him in every way. The pair gets to know each other better and gradually grow to be great buddies.

Tzi manages to find his godfather Ko Chi-Tim (Ha Yu) when he sees a beef ball. Tim has been trying hard to accommodate himself to his son Ko Ching (Wong Hei), but Ching has given full attention to his own daughter and shows no concern at all for Tim. Ching has focused too much on his daughter: He has completely disregarded his responsibility as a son and a husband. At the darkest moment in his life, Ching is lucky to still have Tzi and his short-time girlfriend Joey Law Sei-Hei (Tavia Yeung) by his side. In the meantime, Ching happens to discover a secret that his father has been hiding all these years: Ching wasn't his natural son. When Ching was just a baby, his natural parents couldn't afford to keep him since his mom was dying. They made a binding contract with their neighbour Ko-Chi Tim in which Tim gets Ching and, in return, they get a huge amount of money. Tim fell in love with his stepson. As time past, the neighbour kept asking for more money to start a new business. Loving Ching so much, Tim took the savings of his family and gave it to the neighbour, and the neighbour was never heard of again. Tim never gambled away the money as Ching thought he had.

Man Tin-Tzi was sued by Kam Mei-Tsun's ex-boyfriend for hitting him in the face. Throughout this time, Man Tin-Tzi and Kam Mei-Tsun saw affection for each other and started dating.

Soon after, when Ching's ex-wife comes back from the States, she wants her daughter back. She told Ching she isn't his daughter and married him because she was pregnant and didn't know what to do. Ching was shocked, but he decided to follow his daughter to America and help with his ex-wife's dad's restaurant, breaking up with Joey. Before he left, Man Tin-Tzi's real dad had died and he had asked for his dad's watch back as it brought back many memories. He also promised his dad that as long as he lives, the beef ball Co. *Mui Gei* would continue to manufacture beef balls. As Ching left for the States, Man Tin-Tzi gives himself to Tim and offered to be his son. Tim accepted and Man Tin-Tzi started calling him Dad. With *Mui Gei* not doing well due to Kam Mei-Tsun's ex-boyfriend messing with their company, Tim has a stroke and goes into a coma...

## Cast

| Cast | Role | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
|
| **Bobby Au Yeung** | Man Tin-Tzi/Lui Ka-Chuen
閔天賜/呂家全 | Marketing Director
Kam Mei-Tsun's lover. |
| **Yoyo Mung** | Kam Mei-Tsun (Amy)
金美鑽 | Supermarket Manager
Man Tin Tzi's lover. |
| **Ha Yu** | Ko Chi-Tim
高志添 | Ko Ching father.
Man Tin-Tzi's godfather. |
| **Wong Hei** | Ko Ching/Shum Shing-Fu
高青/沈成富 | Law Sei-Hei's lover.
Ching Yeuk-Szi's husband.
Ko Chi-Tim's son. |
| **Tavia Yeung** | Law Sei-Hei (Joey)
羅四喜 | Tutor
Ko Ching's lover
Lui Ka-Sing's lover. |
| Halina Tam | Ching Yeuk-Szi
程若詩 | Ko Ching's wife |
| Jacky Wong (zh:王樹熹) | Man Yu-Hang (Jimmy)
閔宇恆 | Man Tin-Tzi's son |
| Anne Heung | Nicole | Man Tin-Tzi's lover
Break-up due to Jimmy |
| Mak Cheung-ching | Lui Ka-Chai | Kam Mei-Tsun's ex-lover
main villain |
| Lai Lok-yi | Lui Ka-Sing
呂家聲 | Law Sei - He's lover |

## Viewership ratings

|  | Week | Episode | Average Points | Peaking Points | References |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | August 6–10, 2007 | 1 — 5 | 31 | 38 |  |
| **2** | August 13–17, 2007 | 6 — 10 | 30 | 35 |  |
| **3** | August 20–24, 2007 | 11 — 15 | 33 | 36 |  |
| **4** | August 27–31, 2007 | 16 — 20 | 32 | 37 |  |
| **5** | September 3–7, 2007 | 21 — 25 | 37 | 40 |  |

## Awards and nominations

**40th TVB Anniversary Awards (2007)**

* "Best Drama"
* "Best Actor in a Leading Role" (Wong He \- Ko Ching)
* "Best Actress in a Supporting Role" (Mary Hon \- Li Dai-Choi)
* "My Favourite Male Character Role" (Bobby Au-Yeung \- Man Tin-Tzi)
* "My Favourite Male Character Role" (Wong He \- Ko Ching)

* TVB.com *Father and Sons* \- Official Website (in Chinese)
* K for TVB.net *Father and Sons* \- Episodic Synopsis and Screen Captures (in English)
* TVB Index Blog *Father and Sons* \- Screen Captures, Episode Summaries, News, and Bloopers (in English)

## InfoBox

| *Fathers and Sons* | |
| --- | --- |
| Poster | |
| 爸爸閉翳 | |
| Genre | Modern Drama |
| Starring | Bobby Au-Yeung
Wong Hei
Yoyo Mung
Tavia Yeung
Ha Yu |
| Opening theme | "親近" by
Eason Chan |
| Country of origin | Hong Kong S.A.R. |
| Original language | Cantonese |
| No. of episodes | 25 |
| Production | |
| Producer | Mui Siu Ching |
| Running time | 45 minutes |
| Original release | |
| Network | TVB |
| Release | August 6 (2007-08-06)
September 7, 2007 (2007-09-07) |


title: The German Friend

abstract: The German Friend is a 2012 German-Argentine war romantic drama film directed by Jeanine Meerapfel, and starring Argentine actress Celeste Cid and German actor Max Riemelt. The film premiered on September 18, 2012, at the Argentine GFF, in Buenos Aires. It tells the story of Sulamit, daughter of Jewish German immigrants, and Friedrich, son of Nazi German immigrants; they meet when they were teenagers in the Buenos Aires of the 1950s. The big political changes in Germany and the National Reorganization Process in Argentina serve as the background for the film.

text:
# The German Friend

***The German Friend*** is a 2012 German-Argentine war romantic drama film directed by Jeanine Meerapfel, and starring Argentine actress Celeste Cid and German actor Max Riemelt. The film premiered on September 18, 2012, at the Argentine GFF (German Film Festival), in Buenos Aires. It tells the story of Sulamit, daughter of Jewish German immigrants, and Friedrich, son of Nazi German immigrants; they meet when they were teenagers in the Buenos Aires of the 1950s. The big political changes in Germany and the National Reorganization Process in Argentina serve as the background for the film.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| The German Friend | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Jeanine Meerapfel |
| Starring | Celeste Cid
Max Riemelt
Hartmut Becker
Benjamin Sadler
Jean Pierre Noher
Fernán Mirás
Daniel Fanego
Adriana Aizemberg |
| Release date | * October 4, 2012 (2012-10-04) |
| Running time | 100 minutes |
| Countries | Argentina
Germany |
| Languages | Spanish
German |


title: The Ghost of the Rancho

abstract: The Ghost of the Rancho is a 1918 American silent Western film directed by William Worthington and starring Bryant Washburn, Rhea Mitchell and Joseph J. Dowling.

text:
# The Ghost of the Rancho

***The Ghost of the Rancho*** is a 1918 American silent Western film directed by William Worthington and starring Bryant Washburn, Rhea Mitchell and Joseph J. Dowling.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| The Ghost of the Rancho | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | William Worthington |
| Written by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Charles E. Kaufman |
| Production
company | Anderson-Brunton Company |
| Distributed by | Pathé Exchange |
| Release date | * August 11, 1918 (1918-08-11) |
| Running time | 50 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Languages | Silent
English intertitles |


title: The Ghostbusters of East Finchley

abstract: The Ghostbusters of East Finchley is a British comedy-drama series written by Tony Grounds, starring Paul Reynolds, Catherine Holman, Bill Paterson, Jan Francis and Ray Winstone. It was developed by BBC Television and ran for one series, a total of six episodes were produced and was shown on BBC2 in 1995.

text:
# The Ghostbusters of East Finchley

***The Ghostbusters of East Finchley*** is a British comedy-drama series written by Tony Grounds, starring Paul Reynolds, Catherine Holman, Bill Paterson, Jan Francis and Ray Winstone. It was developed by BBC Television and ran for one series, a total of six episodes were produced and was shown on BBC2 in 1995.

## Premise

The series focuses on a young misfit Kevin Pullen (Reynolds) who lives on a council estate in East Finchley. He's a work-shy dreamer who becomes suspicious about his mother Grace's (Francis) lecherous employer Thane (Winstone), so he organises a surveillance operation by following him around town in order to find out more about his activities. His friend and neighbour Jackie (Holman) works at the Inland Revenue and is intrigued by Kevin's efforts, so she encourages him to join her organisation and learn the tropes as a tax fraud investigator. The local tax office is run by the ambitious and shrewd Mr. Small (Paterson) who uses unorthodox methods such as ghosting (going undercover) potential tax evaders in order to uncover their crimes. Kevin agrees to work at the Inland Revenue on condition that Jackie will use her skills in her trade to assist him with his investigations on Thane and find a way to prosecute him for his tax dodging offences.

## Background

Following on from his success with his offbeat comedy drama series *Gone to the Dogs*, Tony Grounds was approached by BBC producer Andree Molyneux about the idea for doing a serious drama series about tax evasion. Although initially apprehensive about the project, Grounds agreed to do the series on condition he was able to reformat it as a comedy. His concept for the series was for a burgeoning love story between Kevin and Jackie set within the everyday operations of a tax office, with an on-going subplot focussing on their investigations into Thane's financial dealings. When interviewed about the series by Lucy Vanoli from *The Stage*, Grounds noted "to me, if you look at the world, everything seems strange. Everyone seems mad except you and your family." He further elaborated that he wanted to do a series that was quirky and original and unlike anything else seen on television. He gave the series a surrealistic angle by including eccentric characters, dream sequences and bizarre set pieces such as the hole in the ceiling which Kevin and Jackie use to communicate from their respective bedrooms.

## Cast

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Episode 1" | 16 November 1995 (1995-11-16) |
| Kevin spends his days spying on his mother Grace who works as a cleaner for the mysterious Thane, who is the landlord of the adjacent luxury apartment block. After seeing Thane touch his mother’s bum, he decides to shadow him by following Thane around town, in order to get his revenge. Meanwhile, Kevin's friend Jackie works at the Inland Revenue as a clerical assistant, when one day her employer Mr. Small decides she should come out with him, doing some ‘ghostbusting’ on tax evaders out on the streets. A job opening for a new clerical assistant at the tax office opens up just as Kevin discovers that his dole money has been withdrawn since he’s refused all the jobs the council have offered him. Following a dream where he meets Mother Theresa and John Lennon, he feels inspired to rid society of all known bugs. He explains to this Jackie, and she responds by offering him the job opportunity. Although hesitant at first, he quickly warms to the idea when Jackie tells him that through working at the tax office, he would be able to find out more about Thane’s dodgy dealings. | | | |
| 2 | "Episode 2" | 23 November 1995 (1995-11-23) |
| Now working for the Inland Revenue, Kevin covertly makes his way to work in order to avoid his family from knowing about his new position. At the tax office, after doing some research on Thane, Jackie discovers that he has never paid tax in his life, and has no national insurance number. Meanwhile Small is investigating the financial dealings of Abigail Paget (Sheila Gish) who runs the Hotel Royale. He discovers that she has been falsely declaring low profits from her business, despite living a luxurious lifestyle. So he tasks Jackie to go undercover and get a job at the hotel as a chambermaid in order to find out more about her finances. After receiving a £20 tip from Paget, Jackie discovers that she logs all her transactions in a log book. Later, Jackie and Kevin find out that Thane has been declaring his apartment building in his late mother’s name and receiving money from six ‘tenants’ despite him being the sole resident of the building. They task Butch to track down their names on the computer database and they make a startling discovery about the so-called tenants. | | | |
| 3 | "Episode 3" | 30 November 1995 (1995-11-30) |
| Small tasks Kevin with his first undercover assignment, working as a taxi driver for East Finchley Cars, a firm run by a pair of twin brothers Den (Michael Lumsden) and Ned Yorke (David Lumsden) whom they believe following a tip off from a neighbour, that they are using their business as a front, in order to hide their undeclared income. Kevin utilizes the company car that he has been provided to follow Thane, whom is regularly seen travelling to a mysterious location. One weekend Kevin is volunteered by the Yorkes to act as their chauffeur whilst they enter a bank. Kevin is convinced that the brothers are actually bank robbers and he informs his boss. Small finds out they’re not bank robbers, and due to their former service in the household cavalry, they use their knowledge on horses to their advantage and routinely gamble at horse racing, often receiving sizeable winnings. Later on, Kevin and Jackie follow Thane, in order find out the location for his secret lockup. | | | |
| 4 | "Episode 4" | 7 December 1995 (1995-12-07) |
| After catching them at his lockup, Thane begins to suspect that Kevin is trying find out more about his business dealings. Meanwhile, Small is intrigued about the case of Gleeson’s Independent Undertakers, who have been declaring dwindling profits each year, even-though the company director Mr. Gleeson (Roger Hammond) has been able to afford an upmarket property in Bishops Avenue despite claiming to only earn £9,000 per annum. Small assigns Kevin to work undercover as an Undertakers Assistant in order to find out more about Gleeson’s financial dealings. Kevin soon discovers that Gleeson has boosted his income through organising cremation and house clearance services. At a burial, Kevin spots Thane in the graveyard standing by his mother’s graveside; Kevin discovers that all the graves have the names of the fake tenants residing in his apartment block. That night, he breaks into Thane’s lockup and logs all the number plates on his collection of vehicles. He passes this information onto Jackie, who soon finds out that all the cars were reported stolen. In response to the break-in, Thane exacts his revenge on Kevin and his family, by getting two thugs to rob their flat and destroy his father Frankie’s alcoholic beverage delivery business. Kevin hatches a plan to steal a valuable item from Thane, that could lead them to uncovering the secret to his car laundering operation. | | | |
| 5 | "Episode 5" | 14 November 1995 (1995-11-14) |
| After Kevin and Jackie manage to steal Thane’s secret key, he becomes apoplectic with rage and he violently grabs Grace by the throat, demanding to know its whereabouts. Meanwhile, Kevin decides to track down the owners of the stolen cars. He and Jackie interview one of the owners who informs them that when she advertised to sell off her car, a woman with a stutter phoned and told her to park the car down another street and leave the spare key in the exhaust, her car was soon stolen, presumably by Thane. Kevin begins to see a pattern and believes the mysterious woman with the stutter may be linked to Thane. Jackie's estranged father Terry (Anthony Head) returns from Spain, but the reasons for his unexpected visit aren't clear. Small gets Jackie and Kevin to work undercover as roller skating car windscreen washers after he notices a group of cleaners out one morning managed by a one legged beggar known as Psycho (Bogdan Kominowski). They discover from one his workers that Psycho isn’t what he seems, and he's actually a wealthy man who earns his hidden capital from managing a group of door to door sales operatives selling products at hiked up prices. Whilst cleaning a windscreen, Kevin notices a Jaguar XJS parked nearby and places an advert for it, in order to spring a trap that Thane will fall for. Small is finally informed by Kevin and Jackie about their investigations into Thane, when they find themselves in hot water. | | | |
| 6 | "Episode 6" | 21 December 1995 (1995-12-21) |
| The police apprehend Kevin, Jackie and Small when they discover the trio breaking into Thane's lockup. At the police station, DI Cunliffe (Ace Bhatti) whom is also overseeing an investigation into Thane's business dealings warns them to cease their inquiry, in response Kevin resigns from the tax office in disgust. Back at the flat, Terry offers Frankie a business proposition to help him courier expensive cars over to his property in Spain. Unbeknownst to Frankie, Terry happens to be Thane's business partner who sells on the luxury cars that Thane steals. Kevin has a dream where he encounters Mother Theresa again, where she tells him he must overcome his weakness and self doubt, she uses Alec Guinness in the guise of his character from *The Bridge on the River Kwai* (1957), to illustrate this. Feeling inspired, Kevin rushes back to the tax office to retract his resignation and soon arranges a meeting with Jackie, Small and DI Cunliffe, where he informs that he believes Thane's mother is still alive and assists him with his business dealings. They get the police to exhume the grave of Thelma Thane (Barbara Keogh) where they find a body. Kevin disputes the evidence, despite the uncanny likeliness to Thelma. Kevin and Jackie inform Small that Thelma took out a life insurance policy of £200,000 to be paid on the event of her death which Thane demanded in cash, then a few weeks after her supposed passing, he purchased the luxury flats at an auction using the insurance money he received. Kevin deduces that the body is actually Thelma’s sister and that she has been murdered by her nephew as part of an insurance scam. Forensics later confirm this when they find out that the body belongs to Thelma’s sister Joyce. Kevin then hatches a plan with Jackie and Small to corner Thelma with a fake solicitor's letter and put an end to Thane's unscrupulous business activities. | | | |

## Reception

The series received a mixed response from journalists at the time of its transmission. Joe Steeples from the Sunday Mirror described the series as too quirky for its own good and was one to miss, while Jaci Stephen from the Daily Mirror, described the series as a very funny comedy, full of lovely, funny lines and characters; she particularly praised Holman and Paterson for their unlikely double act. Meanwhile, the surreal angle of the series, Melanie Henderson writing for the Aberdeen Evening Express, states was almost perverse and rather refreshing, but not exactly intriguing.

## Home Media

To date, the series has not been commercially released on VHS or DVD.

## InfoBox

| *The Ghostbusters of East Finchley* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Comedy-Drama |
| Written by | Tony Grounds |
| Directed by | Jim Gillespie |
| Starring | Paul Reynolds
Catherine Holman
Bill Paterson
Jan Francis
Ray Winstone |
| Music by | John Lunn |
| Country of origin | United Kingdom |
| Original language | English |
| No. of series | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 6 |
| Production | |
| Producer | Andrée Molyneux |
| Running time | 30 minutes |
| Production company | BBC |
| Original release | |
| Network | BBC 2 |
| Release | 16 November (1995-11-16)
21 December 1995 (1995-12-21) |


title: Fast Companions

abstract: Fast Companions is a 1932 American pre-Code sports drama film directed by Kurt Neumann and starring Tom Brown, Maureen O'Sullivan and James Gleason.

text:
# Fast Companions

***Fast Companions*** is a 1932 American pre-Code sports drama film directed by Kurt Neumann and starring Tom Brown, Maureen O'Sullivan and James Gleason.

## Cast

## Bibliography

* Quinlan, David. *The Film Lover's Companion: An A to Z Guide to 2,000 Stars and the Movies They Made*. Carol Publishing Group, 1997.

## InfoBox

| Fast Companions | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Kurt Neumann |
| Written by | Gerald Beaumont
Charles Logue
Clarence Marks
Earle Snell |
| Produced by | Carl Laemmle Jr. |
| Starring | Tom Brown
Maureen O'Sullivan
James Gleason |
| Cinematography | Arthur Edeson |
| Edited by | Philip Cahn |
| Production
company | Universal Pictures |
| Distributed by | Universal Pictures |
| Release date | * June 23, 1932 (1932-06-23) |
| Running time | 71 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Manish Raisinghan

abstract: Manish Raisinghan is an Indian actor who works in Hindi television. He is known for his portrayals of Sameer Gheewala in Zee TV's daily soap opera Teen Bahuraniyaan and Siddhant Bharadwaj in Colors TV's Sasural Simar Ka.

text:
# Manish Raisinghan

**Manish Raisinghan** (born 22 July) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi television. He is known for his portrayals of Sameer Gheewala in Zee TV's daily soap opera *Teen Bahuraniyaan* and Siddhant Bharadwaj in Colors TV's *Sasural Simar Ka*.

## Career

Raisinghan played the character of Siddhant Bharadwaj in Colors TV's show *Sasural Simar Ka*. He recently had a friendly appearance as a film star in Madhur Bhandarkar's film *Heroine*.

After a long gap of 5 year, in August 2022 he made a comeback with Colors TV's *Nima Denzongpa* where he replaced Mohammed Iqbal Khan as Virat Sethi.

## Filmography

**Short films**

Almost 2016 director Producer Director of photography Editor

Ankahee Baatein 2016 Actor

When I Met Myself 2016 Creative director Cinematographer

Toh Mera Galat He Sahi Hai 2016 director Director of photography Editor Producer

I Me Myself director Director of photography Editor Producer Actor VFX

Now U Listen Director Writer Producer

## Television

| Year | Name | Role | Notes | Ref(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | *Kaahin Kissii Roz* | Anish Raheja |  |  |
| 2004–2007 | *Kahiin to Hoga* | Varun Raheja |  |  |
| 2005 | *Raat Hone Ko Hai* | Shekhar |  |  |
| 2006 | *Tumhari Disha* | Veer |  |  |
| 2006 | *Jabb Love Hua* | Arjun |  |  |
| 2006–2007 | *Betiyaan Apni Yaa Paraaya Dhan* | Nirvan |  |  |
| 2007 | *Sapna Babul Ka... Bidaai* | Saket |  |  |
| 2007–2009 | *Teen Bahuraaniyaan* | Sameer Gheewala |  |  |
| 2008 | *Waaris* | Sunny Shetty |  |  |
| 2009 | *Hum Dono Hain Alag Alag* | Aditya Kothari |  |  |
| 2010–2011 | *Rang Badalti Odhni* | Rahul Khanna |  |  |
| 2010–2011 | *Rakt Sambandh* | Mohan |  |  |
| 2011–2016 | *Sasural Simar Ka* | Siddhanth Bharadwaj |  |  |
| 2012 | *Bigg Boss 6* | Guest | Special appearance |  |
| 2013 | *Bigg Boss 7* | | |  |
| 2014–2015 | *Box Cricket League 1* | Contestant | Player in 'Rowdy Bangalore' |  |
| 2015 | *Killerr Karaoke Atka Toh Latkah* | |  |  |
| 2016 | *Box Cricket League 2* | | Player in 'Lucknow Nawabs' |  |
| 2017 | *Ek Shringaar-Swabhiman* | Shiva |  |  |
| 2022 | *Nima Denzongpa* | Virat Sethi / Manav Deshmukh |  |  |
| 2023 | *Kyunkii Tum Hi Ho* | Raju |  |  |
| | *Katha Ankahee* | Raghav Sehgal |  |  |
|

## Awards

## InfoBox

| Manish Raisinghan | |
| --- | --- |
| Raisinghan in 2019 | |
| Occupation(s) | Actor, film maker, director, producer. |
| Years active | * 2003–2017 * 2022–present |
| Spouse | Sangeita Chauhan (m. 2020) |


title: Fatality Analysis Reporting System

abstract: Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) was created in the United States by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to provide an overall measure of highway safety, to help suggest solutions, and to help provide an objective basis to evaluate the effectiveness of motor vehicle safety standards and highway safety programs. FARS contains data on a census of fatal traffic crashes within the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. To be included in FARS, a crash must involve a motor vehicle traveling on a trafficway customarily open to the public and result in the death of a person within 30 days of the crash. FARS has been operational since 1975 and has collected information on over 989,451 motor vehicle fatalities and collects information on over 100 different coded data elements that characterizes the crash, the vehicle, and the people involved. FARS is vital to the mission of NHTSA to reduce the number of motor vehicle crashes and deaths on our nation's highways, and subsequently, reduce the associated economic loss to society resulting from those motor vehicle crashes and fatalities. FARS data is critical to understanding the characteristics of the environment, trafficway, vehicles, and persons involved in the crash. NHTSA has a cooperative agreement with an agency in each state government to provide information in a standard format on fatal crashes in the state. Data is collected, coded and submitted into a micro-computer data system and transmitted to Washington, D.C. Quarterly files are produced for analytical purposes to study trends and evaluate the effectiveness of highway safety programs. This data is tabulated and provided to the public via the FARS Interface at

text:
# Fatality Analysis Reporting System

**Fatality Analysis Reporting System** (**FARS**) was created in the United States by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to provide an overall measure of highway safety, to help suggest solutions, and to help provide an objective basis to evaluate the effectiveness of motor vehicle safety standards and highway safety programs.

FARS contains data on a census of fatal traffic crashes within the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. To be included in FARS, a crash must involve a motor vehicle traveling on a trafficway customarily open to the public and result in the death of a person (occupant of a vehicle or a non-occupant) within 30 days of the crash. FARS has been operational since 1975 and has collected information on over 989,451 motor vehicle fatalities and collects information on over 100 different coded data elements that characterizes the crash, the vehicle, and the people involved.

FARS is vital to the mission of NHTSA to reduce the number of motor vehicle crashes and deaths on our nation's highways, and subsequently, reduce the associated economic loss to society resulting from those motor vehicle crashes and fatalities. FARS data is critical to understanding the characteristics of the environment, trafficway, vehicles, and persons involved in the crash.

NHTSA has a cooperative agreement with an agency in each state government to provide information in a standard format on fatal crashes in the state. Data is collected, coded and submitted into a micro-computer data system and transmitted to Washington, D.C. Quarterly files are produced for analytical purposes to study trends and evaluate the effectiveness of highway safety programs. This data is tabulated and provided to the public via the FARS Interface at

## How data is collected

In its 2010 Report to Congress, NHTSA claimed that it would cost approximately US$1 billion per year to actually count and classify all crashes. US$1 billion was deemed to be too expensive so instead of that, "... NHTSA devised a method that "utilizes an efficient combination of census, sample-based, and existing state files to provide nationally representative traffic crash data..." and it's been doing that since 1975. NHTSA claims it only costs US$30 million per year and is just as good.

## Data completeness

According to NHTSA, an estimated 16 million crashes occur annually and of that total, only 6.2 million of those crashes are ever reported to the police. FARS data is collected on a purely voluntary basis through cooperative agreements between NHTSA and each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.


title: Farnous

abstract: Farnous is a village in French Guiana. It is located on the Route National 1 between Macouria and Cayenne.

text:
# Farnous

**Farnous** is a village in French Guiana. It is located on the Route National 1 between Macouria and Cayenne.

1. "Championnat DOM 1ere manche" (PDF). *Guyana Cyclisme* (in French). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2020.

## InfoBox

| Farnous | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| FarnousLocation in French Guiana | |
| Coordinates: 4°57′0″N 52°25′0″W / 4.95000°N 52.41667°W / 4.95000; -52.41667 | |
| Country | France |
| Overseas region | French Guiana |
| Arrondissement | Cayenne |
| Commune | Macouria |


title: Farnoldia

abstract: Farnoldia is a genus of lichenized fungi within the Lecideaceae family. The genus name of Farnoldia is in honour of Ferdinand Christian Gustav Arnold, a German lichenologist and taxonomist born in Ansbach, Bavaria.

text:
# Farnoldia

***Farnoldia*** is a genus of lichenized fungi within the Lecideaceae family.

The genus name of *Farnoldia* is in honour of Ferdinand Christian Gustav Arnold (1828 - 1901), a German lichenologist and taxonomist born in Ansbach, Bavaria.

## InfoBox

| *Farnoldia* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecideales |
| Family: | Lecideaceae |
| Genus: | *Farnoldia*
Hertel |
|
| Type species | |
| *Farnoldia jurana*
(Schaer.) Hertel | |


title: Farnoosh Torabi

abstract: Farnoosh Torabi is an American personal finance expert, journalist, author, and television personality.

text:
# Farnoosh Torabi

**Farnoosh Torabi** (born February 15, 1980) is an American personal finance expert, journalist, author, and television personality.

## Education and personal life

Torabi was born to Iranian parents in Worcester, Massachusetts, and attended Harriton High School in suburban Philadelphia. She has a Bachelors of Science in finance and international business from Pennsylvania State University and a MS in journalism from Columbia University. In 2010, she was named an alumna of distinction by Penn State University for graduates under the age of 35.

On June 16, 2012, she married Tim Dussinger in Philadelphia. They have a son, Evan Kiani, who was born on June 21, 2014.

## Career

Torabi began her career in 2003 as a researcher and reporter at *Money* magazine. From 2004 to 2006 she lived in New York City and worked as a business producer and reporter at NY1 News. She later became a financial correspondent for Jim Cramer's TheStreet TV from 2006 to 2009 where she covered the stock market, the economy, small business and personal finance.

In 2008, she was the financial correspondent on *Real Simple Real Life*. In 2009, she became the host of SOAPnet's *The Bank of Mom and Dad*, an adaptation of the BBC reality series. *The New York Times* called her advice on that show "perfectly practical". That year Torabi also published *You're So Money: Live Rich Even When You're Not*. The book focuses on financial advice for young people. Her next book, *Psych Yourself Rich* was published in 2010 by FT Press.

In 2010, Torabi joined Yahoo! Finance to host a weekly video series entitled *Financially Fit*. The series ended in December 2013.

In 2014, Torabi published her third book, *When She Makes More: 10 Rules for Breadwinning Women*. In it, she candidly addresses how income imbalances affect relationships and family dynamics, and presents a bold strategy to achieving happiness at work and home.

On January 14, 2015, Torabi launched the award-winning podcast, *So Money*. The podcast has been recognized by *Inc.* magazine as a "Top Podcast to Grow Your Business".

Torabi currently hosts the CNBC primetime series *Follow The Leader*, where she spends 72 hours embedded in the life of an entrepreneur to learn how that businessperson ticks. The first season premiered on April 6, 2016.

In April 2016 it was announced that Torabi would become the new financial columnist for *O, The Oprah Magazine*, where she contributes a monthly column.

Torabi's work and advice has been featured in *The New York Times*, *The Wall Street Journal*, *Fortune*, *Forbes*, *Time*, *Marie Claire*, *Glamour*, *Redbook* and *USA Today*. She has appeared on major news and talk shows, including *The Today Show*, CNN, MSNBC, *Good Morning America*, *The View* and *Live! with Kelly and Michael*.

## InfoBox

| Farnoosh Torabi | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1980-02-15) February 15, 1980
Worcester, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Education | Finance, international business, journalism |
| Alma mater | Pennsylvania State University
Columbia University |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, financial expert, television personality and author |
| Website | farnoosh.tv |


title: The Grand Magazine

abstract: The Grand Magazine was the first British pulp magazine. It was published monthly between February 1905 and April 1940. Published by George Newnes Ltd, it initially emulated Newnes's highly successful Strand Magazine, featuring a mix of fiction and non-fiction. In 1908, it was renamed The Grand Magazine of Fiction. The New York Times greeted the appearance of the new magazine with the comment that "this is a promising periodical, containing much that will commend itself to the decent popular taste", and added that "Mr Herbert Greenhough Smith, who has been the editor of The Strand Magazine, occupies the same post on the new periodical". Although Herbert Greenhough Smith was associated with the launch of the magazine, the first editor, until 1910, was Alderson Anderson. In its first decade, The Grand carried fiction by such authors as P. G. Wodehouse, Edgar Wallace, Rafael Sabatini, Talbot Mundy, H. C. Bailey, E. W. Hornung, Marie Belloc Lowndes, Ruby M. Ayres, F. St. Mars, Crosbie Garstin and Herman George Scheffauer. The magazine also serialised H. G. Wells' The Passionate Friends: A Novel. Later contributors to The Grand included Agatha Christie, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Baroness Orczy, E. F. Benson, Ernest Bramah, Bertram Atkey, and A. M. Burrage.

text:
# The Grand Magazine

***The Grand Magazine*** was the first British pulp magazine. It was published monthly between February 1905 and April 1940. Published by George Newnes Ltd, it initially emulated Newnes's highly successful *Strand Magazine*, featuring a mix of fiction and non-fiction. In 1908, it was renamed *The Grand Magazine of Fiction*.

*The New York Times* greeted the appearance of the new magazine with the comment that "this is a promising periodical, containing much that will commend itself to the decent popular taste", and added that "Mr Herbert Greenhough Smith, who has been the editor of The Strand Magazine, occupies the same post on the new periodical".

Although Herbert Greenhough Smith was associated with the launch of the magazine, the first editor, until 1910, was Alderson Anderson.

In its first decade, *The Grand* carried fiction by such authors as P. G. Wodehouse, Edgar Wallace, Rafael Sabatini, Talbot Mundy, H. C. Bailey, E. W. Hornung, Marie Belloc Lowndes, Ruby M. Ayres, F. St. Mars, Crosbie Garstin and Herman George Scheffauer. The magazine also serialised H. G. Wells' *The Passionate Friends: A Novel*. Later contributors to *The Grand* included Agatha Christie, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Baroness Orczy, E. F. Benson, Ernest Bramah, Bertram Atkey, and A. M. Burrage.

## InfoBox

*The Grand Magazine*
| Cover of *Grand Magazine* for February 1916 | |
| --- | --- |
| Editor | Alderson Anderson, 19051910 |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| First issue | February 1905 |
| Final issue
Number | April 1940
422 |
| Company | George Newnes Ltd |
| Country | UK |
| Language | English |


title: The Great American Bash (2000)

abstract: The 2000 Great American Bash was the 10th Great American Bash professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and 14th Great American Bash event overall. It took place on June 11, 2000, at the Baltimore Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. This was the eighth and final Great American Bash held at this venue after the 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1996, 1998, and 1999 events. This was the final Great American Bash event produced by WCW as in March 2001, WCW's assets were acquired by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF); the WWF was renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) in 2002. In 2004, WWE revived The Great American Bash as their own annual PPV event. It was also the final non-WWF PPV held at this arena until All Elite Wrestling (AEW) held Full Gear in 2019.

text:
# The Great American Bash (2000)

The 2000 **Great American Bash** was the 10th Great American Bash professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and 14th Great American Bash event overall. It took place on June 11, 2000, at the Baltimore Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. This was the eighth and final Great American Bash held at this venue after the 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1996, 1998, and 1999 events.

This was the final Great American Bash event produced by WCW as in March 2001, WCW's assets were acquired by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF); the WWF was renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) in 2002. In 2004, WWE revived The Great American Bash as their own annual PPV event. It was also the final non-WWF PPV held at this arena until All Elite Wrestling (AEW) held Full Gear in 2019.

## Production

### Background

The Great American Bash is a professional wrestling event established in 1985. It was first produced by the National Wrestling Alliance's (NWA) Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP) and aired on closed-circuit television before becoming a pay-per-view event in 1988; JCP was rebranded as World Championship Wrestling (WCW) later that same year. WCW then seceded from the NWA in 1991. The 2000 event was the 10th Great American Bash event promoted by WCW and 14th overall. It took place on June 11, 2000 at the Baltimore Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. This was the eighth Great American Bash held at this venue after the 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1996, 1998, and 1999 events.

### Storylines

The event featured professional wrestling matches that involve different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds and storylines. Professional wrestlers portray villains, heroes, or less distinguishable characters in the scripted events that build tension and culminate in a wrestling match or series of matches.

## Event

Other on-screen personnel
| Role: | Name: |
| --- | --- |
| Commentators | Tony Schiavone |
| | Scott Hudson |
| | Mark Madden |
| Interviewer | Gene Okerlund |
| | Pamela Paulshock |
| Referees | Mickie Jay |
| | Mark Johnson |
| | Nick Patrick |
| | Charles Robinson |
| | Billy Silverman |
| | Jamie Tucker |
| Ring announcers | Michael Buffer |
| | David Penzer |

Shane Douglas put the Wall through three tables at the same time to win. The first wrestler to put their opponent through three tables would win the match. Hollywood Hogan pinned Billy Kidman after hitting him with brass knuckles to become number one contender to the WCW World Heavyweight Championship. If Hogan had lost, he would have had to retire. If Ric Flair had lost his match, he would have had to retire. Vampiro set Sting on fire to win the match. Jeff Jarrett pinned Kevin Nash after a Spear from Goldberg. Konnan was guest bellringer, Rey Misterio Jr. was guest timekeeper, Disqo was guest beltkeeper, Juventud Guerrera was guest ring announcer. After the match, Goldberg joined the New Blood.

## Reception

In 2017, Kevin Pantoja of 411Mania gave the event a rating of 1.0 \[Extremely Horrendous\], stating, "I’ve now reviewed half the WCW PPVs in 2000 and the highest score one has gotten was 3.5/10. This was rough. When the best match involves David Flair, you know your show is in trouble. Two DUDs and two matches went into negative stars. That’s never a good thing. Not only was the wrestling bad, but nothing made sense. There were random turns for \[no\] reason (Goldberg and Kanyon), stupid stunts (Sting and Booker), overbooking, a lame circle cage match and stipulations that were wrongly done (Tables match). A giant mess."

## Aftermath

The 2000 Great American Bash was the final Great American Bash held by WCW, as in March 2001, the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) purchased WCW. In 2002, the WWF was renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), and in 2004, WWE revived The Great American Bash as their own annual PPV. This was also the final non-WWF/E event at this venue until 2019 when startup promotion All Elite Wrestling held Full Gear at this venue, which was then renamed to Royal Farms Arena, now known as the CFG Bank Arena.

## Results

| No. | Results | Stipulations | Times |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Lieutenant Loco (c) (with The Misfits In Action) defeated Disqo (with The Filthy Animals) | Singles match for the WCW Cruiserweight Championship | 04:57 |
| 2 | KroniK (Brian Adams and Bryan Clark) defeated The Mamalukes (Big Vito and Johnny the Bull) | Tag team match to determine the #1 contenders for the WCW World Tag Team Championship | 09:20 |
| 3 | Mike Awesome defeated Diamond Dallas Page (with Chris Kanyon) | Ambulance match | 09:41 |
| 4 | GI Bro defeated Shawn Stasiak | Boot Camp match | 13:58 |
| 5 | Shane Douglas defeated The Wall | Tables match | 08:12 |
| 6 | Scott Steiner (with Midajah and Shakira) defeated Rick Steiner and Tank Abbott | Handicap Asylum match | 03:46 |
| 7 | Hollywood Hogan defeated Billy Kidman | Singles match with Horace Hogan as special guest referee | 11:39 |
| 8 | Ric Flair defeated David Flair (with Vince Russo) by submission | Singles match | 10:16 |
| 9 | Vampiro defeated Sting | Human Torch match | 07:23 |
| 10 | Jeff Jarrett (c) defeated Kevin Nash | Singles match for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship | 17:22 |
| (c)  – the champion(s) heading into the match | | | |

## InfoBox

| The Great American Bash | |
| --- | --- |
| VHS cover featuring Sting and Vampiro | |
| Promotion | World Championship Wrestling |
| Date | June 11, 2000 |
| City | Baltimore, Maryland |
| Venue | Baltimore Arena |
| Attendance | 7,031 |
| Tagline(s) | *A Battle Of Heroic Proportions!* |
| Pay-per-view chronology | |
| **Previous**
Slamboree **Next**
Bash at the Beach | |
| The Great American Bash chronology | |
| **Previous**
1999 **Next**
2004 | |


title: March of the Zapotec/Holland EP

abstract: March of the Zapotec/Holland is a double EP by Beirut. March of the Zapotec contains music influenced by Zach Condon's then recent trip to Oaxaca, Mexico. The Jimenez Band, a 19-piece band from Teotitlán del Valle, backs Condon on this EP. March of the Zapotec also features one of Condon's favorite works, "The Shrew". Holland contains electronic music, credited to "Realpeople", one of Condon's pre-Beirut pseudonyms.

text:
# March of the Zapotec/Holland EP

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Drowned in Sound* | (8/10) |
| *NME* | (8/10) |
| *Pitchfork Media* | (8.1/10) |
| *Rolling Stone* |  |

***March of the Zapotec/Holland*** is a double EP by Beirut. *March of the Zapotec* contains music influenced by Zach Condon's then recent trip to Oaxaca, Mexico. The Jimenez Band, a 19-piece band from Teotitlán del Valle, backs Condon on this EP. *March of the Zapotec* also features one of Condon's favorite works, "The Shrew". *Holland* contains electronic music, credited to "Realpeople", one of Condon's pre-Beirut pseudonyms.

## Leak and early release

On January 23, 2009, the EPs leaked to file-sharing networks, and four days later, on January 27, the iTunes US and UK stores made the album available for purchase.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Zach Condon, except where noted

*March of the Zapotec*
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "El Zócalo" |  | 0:29 |
| 2. | "La Llorona" |  | 3:34 |
| 3. | "My Wife" |  | 2:11 |
| 4. | "The Akara" |  | 3:54 |
| 5. | "On a Bayonet" |  | 1:41 |
| 6. | "The Shrew" |  | 3:44 |
| Total length: | | | 15:33 |

*Realpeople: Holland*
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "My Night with the Prostitute from Marseille" | 3:07 |
| 2. | "My Wife, Lost in the Wild" | 3:13 |
| 3. | "Venice" | 4:02 |
| 4. | "The Concubine" | 3:28 |
| 5. | "No Dice" | 5:24 |
| Total length: | | 19:14 |

## Music videos

Owen Cook animated and directed the official video for "La Llorona", which is thematically related to the legend of La Llorona, a popular story from Mexico also famous in other places in Central America.

## InfoBox

| March of the Zapotec/Realpeople-Holland | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Beirut | |
| Released | February 17, 2009 |
| Genre | Indie folk, Balkan folk, electronica |
| Length | 34:47 |
| Label | Pompeii Records |
| Beirut chronology | |
| *The Flying Club Cup*
(2007) ***March of the Zapotec/Realpeople-Holland***
(2009) *The Rip Tide*
(2011) | |


title: Manuel Silva (sport shooter)

abstract: Manuel Moura Vieira da Silva is a Portuguese sport shooter. He won a bronze medal at the 1999 ISSF World Shotgun Championships in Tampere, Finland, and eventually captured a total of six medals for the men's trap shooting at the ISSF World Cup series. He also competed in the mixed trap shooting at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, and men's trap at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. Twelve years after competing in his last Olympics, Silva qualified for his third Portuguese team, as a 36-year-old, at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, by winning the silver medal from the first meet of the 2006 ISSF World Cup series in Qingyuan, China, with a score of 145 points. He finished only in twenty-seventh place by one point behind Canada's Giuseppe di Salvatore, for a total score of 111 targets.

text:
# Manuel Silva (sport shooter)

**Manuel Moura Vieira da Silva** (born November 16, 1971, in Porto) is a Portuguese sport shooter. He won a bronze medal at the 1999 ISSF World Shotgun Championships in Tampere, Finland, and eventually captured a total of six medals (one gold, two silver, and three bronze) for the men's trap shooting at the ISSF World Cup series. He also competed in the mixed trap shooting at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, and men's trap at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.

Twelve years after competing in his last Olympics, Silva qualified for his third Portuguese team, as a 36-year-old, at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, by winning the silver medal from the first meet of the 2006 ISSF World Cup series in Qingyuan, China, with a score of 145 points. He finished only in twenty-seventh place by one point behind Canada's Giuseppe di Salvatore, for a total score of 111 targets.

## Olympic results

| Olympic results | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Event | 1992 | 1996 | 2008 |
| Trap | 11th
193 | 7th
122 | 27th
111 |

## InfoBox

Manuel Silva
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Manuel Moura Vieira da Silva |
| Nationality | Portugal |
| Born | (1971-11-16) 16 November 1971
Porto, Portugal |
| Height | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Weight | 85 kg (187 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Shooting |
| Event | Trap |
| Club | Clube Industrial de Pevidém |
| Coached by | Manuel Ricardo |
| Medal record      Men's shooting  Representing  Portugal  World Championships  1999 Tampere Trap | |


title: Marek Stachowski (composer)

abstract: Marek Stachowski was a Polish composer. He received many awards and won many competitions for composers, including first prize at the K. Szymanowski Competition in 1974.

text:
# Marek Stachowski (composer)

**Marek Stachowski** (21 March 1936 – 3 November 2004) was a Polish composer. He received many awards and won many competitions for composers, including first prize at the K. Szymanowski Competition in 1974.

## Personal life and education

Stachowski was born March 21, 1936, in Piekary Śląskie and died in Kraków on 3 December 2004.

Stachowski spent the first three years of life with his parents in the Silesia province of Poland. However, after the start of World War II, he traveled with his mother across Poland to Bydgoszcz, where the composer's father was hiding from the Nazis.

In 1952, Stachowski began attending the piano classes given by Stanisław Czerny at the State First Level Music School in Kraków. In 1959, at the State Second Level Music School he obtained a diploma in piano on a "fast-track" basis, and also in 1960 in the theory of music. In 1962 he married Maria Jabłońska.

From 1963 to 1968, Stachowski studied composition under Krzysztof Penderecki and music theory at the State Higher School of Music in Kraków (today known as Academy of Music in Kraków), from which he graduated with honours. During his studies at the State Higher School of Music in Kraków (today known as Academy of Music in Kraków) he achieved his first international successes: in 1968, the prize during the International Competition of the 'Gaudeamus' Foundation for the piece entitled *Musica Con una Batuta del Tam-tam*; the first prize during the Artur Malawski Competition for Composers for the piece *Neusis I* as well as the award for *Sequenze Concerttatii* received during the Competition for Young Musicians organised by the Polish Composers’ Union. The following year, he won second prize in the International Competition organised by the 'Solidarity Committee' in Skopje for his piece entitled *Chant de l'espoir*. In 1970 *Audition* for flute, cello and piano was Marek Stachowski's first piece which was performed during the Warsaw Autumn festival. In 1971, he was awarded the third prize during the National Competition for Composers for the cantata 'Słowa do wierszy W. Broniewskiego' ('Words for the W.Broniewski's Poems'). He was three times awarded during the International Tribune of Composers (UNESCO) in Paris: in 1974 for Neusis II, in 1979 he was again awarded for the *Divertimento* for string orchestra and in 1990 for *III String Quartet* written on the request of the BBC Bristol. In 1974 he received the first prize in the Karol Szymanowski Competition for the piece entitle *Thakurian Chants*. In 1975, he was giving lectures at the Yale University (USA). One year later he received the musical prize of the city of Mönchengladbach for the piece entitled *Poeme sonore*. In 1984 he received the prize of the Polish Composers’ Union.

Apart from his creative work, Marek Stachowski was also a highly respected educator. From 1967 he gave composition classes at the State Higher School of Music in Kraków, from 1981 as a full professor. In this role he taught many of the younger and middle generations of Polish composers. Between the years 1993-1999 and 2002-2004 he was rector of the Academy. He also lectured in composition at the Rubin Academy of Music and Dance in Jerusalem, during the summer courses at Durham University, and gave seminars as part of Gaudeamus Music Week. He served on many juries of competitions for composers and performers, including the Krzysztof Penderecki Competition in Kraków.

## Legacy

One of the streets in Kraków is named in Stachowski's honor.

## Works

* *String Quartet No. 1* (1963)
* *Five Senses and a Rose* for voice and for four instruments (1964)
* *Musica da camera* for flute, cello, harp and drums (1965)
* *Musica per quartetto d’archi* (1965)
* *The Bravest Knight*, children's opera in 3 acts for soprano, tenor, 2 baritones, bass, mixed choir and orchestra (1965)
* *Musica con una battuta del tam-tam* for orchestra (1966)
* *Ricercar 66* for concerting organ and chamber orchestra (1966)
* *Sequenze concertanti* for large symphony orchestra (1968)
* *Neusis II* for two vocal ensembles, percussion, cellos and double basses (1968)
* *Chant de l’espoir* for reciting voice, soprano, baritone, boychoir, mixed choir and large symphony orchestra (1969)
* *Irisation* for large symphony orchestra (1969–70)
* *Audition* for flute, cello and piano (1970)
* *Extensions* for piano (1971)
* *Words...* for solo voices, mixed choir and large symphony orchestra (1971)
* *String Quartet No. 2* (1972)
* *Musique solennelle* for symphony orchestra (1973)
* *Thakurian Chants* for mixed choir and orchestra (1974)
* *Poème sonore* for symphonic orchestra (1975)
* *Birds* for soprano and instruments (1976)
* *Divertimento* for chamber string orchestra (1978)
* *Odysseus amidst the White Keys* for children for piano (1979)
* *Quartetto da ingresso*(1980)
* *Choreia* for symphony orchestra (1980)
* *Symphony of Songs Sanctified by Nostalgia* for soprano, mixed choir and orchestra (1981)
* *Amoretti* for voice, lute and viola da gamba (1981–82)
* *Pezzo grazioso* for wind quintet (1982)
* *Madrigali dell’estate* for voice and string trio (1984)
* *Capriccio per orchestra* (1984)
* *Sapphic Odes*, for mezzo-soprano and large symphony orchestra (1985)
* *Musique en quatre scènes* for clarinet and string quartet (1987)
* *Concerto per violoncello ed orchestra d’archi* (1988)
* *Jubilate Deo* for mixed choir and organ (1988)
* *String Quartet No. 3* (1988)
* *Chamber Concerto* for flute, clarinet, violin, cello, percussion and piano (1989)
* *Magic Chimes*, a musical fairytale for children (1989)
* *From the Book of Night I, II, III* for symphony orchestra (1990–2000)
* *Sonata per archi* (1991)
* *Tre intermezzi per trio d’archi* (1993–94)
* *Musica festeggiante per quartetto d’archi* (1995)
* *Quodlibet per trio a fiato* (1995)
* *Tastar e canzona* per violoncello e pianoforte (1996)
* *Cinq petites valses* for piano (1997–98)
* *Jeu parti* for violin and piano (1998)
* *Sinfonietta per archi* (1998)
* *Concerto per viola ed orchestra d’archi* (1998)
* *Trio* for clarinet, cello and piano (1999)
* *Recitativo e la preghiera* \[I version\] for cello and string orchestra (1999)
* *Adagio ricordamente* \[I version\] for cello and piano (1999)
* *Viva May! 3rd May!* for mixed choir a cappella (1999)
* *Freedom March* for mixed choir a cappella (1999)
* *Trio* for clarinet, cello and piano (1999–2000)
* *Recitativo e la preghiera* \[II version\] for cello and piano (2000)
* *Campanae Cracovienses* for twenty-five cracovian churches' bells (2000)
* *String Quartet No. 4 „Quando resta l’estate”* (2001)
* *Three interludes* for clarinet and piano (2001)
* *Felicitamento* for string quartet (2001)
* *Concertino claricellato* for clarinet, cello and string orchestra (2001)
* *Adagio ricordamente* \[II version\] for cello and string orchestra (2001)
* *Concerto per percussioni ed orchestra* (2002)
* *Miroir du Temps* (Hommage à Olivier Messiaen) for violin, clarinet, cello and piano (2002–2003)

## Honors and awards

* 1979 - Prize of the City of Kraków
* 1981 - Second Degree Prize from the Minister of Culture and Arts
* 1984 - Prize of the Polish Composers’ Union
* 1989 - Prize from the Minister of Culture and Arts for his work devoted to children
* 1990 - Prize of the Alfred Jurzykowski Foundation in New York
* 1996 - Prize of the Provincial Governor of the Cracow Province
* 1997 - Prize of the Ruth and Ray Robinsone Foundation 'Excellence in Teaching'
* 1999 - Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta
* 2000 - Prize from the Minister of Culture and Arts
* 2001 - Gold Medal from the Minister of National Defence for his 'services for the country's defences'
* 2005 - Medal for Merit to Culture Gloria Artis (posthumously)

## Further reading

* Thomas Adrian *Stachowski Marek*: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Second Edition (ed. Stanley Sadie), vol. 24, Macmillan Publishers Limited, London 2001
* Bogdan Snoch: Górnośląski Leksykon Biograficzny. Supplement do wydania drugiego. Katowice: Muzeum Śląskie, 2006, s. 106. ISBN 83-60353-11-5
* Anna Woźniakowska *Trzeba umieć marzyć* Rozmowy z Markiem Stachowskim, Kraków 2005 PWM
* *Polish Composers 1918-2000* (Kompozytorzy polscy 1918–2000. Tom II Biogramy (Marek Podhajski, Akademia Muzyczna im. Fryderyka Chopina w Warszawie, Akademia Muzyczna im. Stanisława Moniuszki w Gdańsku, Warszawa/Gdańsk 2005 r.