title: Jean-Claude Guillebaud

abstract: Jean-Claude Guillebaud is a French writer, essayist, lecturer and journalist.

text:
# Jean-Claude Guillebaud

**Jean-Claude Guillebaud** (born 21 May 1944 in Algiers) is a French writer, essayist, lecturer and journalist.

## Biography

A journalist at the daily *Sud Ouest*, then at the newspaper *Le Monde* and the weekly *Le Nouvel Observateur*, Jean-Claude Guillebaud also directed the organisation Reporters Without Borders. In 1972 he was the recipient of the Prix Albert-Londres. He is a member of the sponsorship committee of the Coordination française pour la Décennie of the culture of peace and non-violence. In 2005, Guillebaud published *La force de conviction*. He kept a weekly column on the life of the media in the television supplement of *Le Nouvel Observateur* before replacing Jacques Julliard as columnist at *Le Nouvel Observateur* from November 2010. He also keeps a chronicle of observation of French society and politics in the Catholic weekly *La Vie*. Since June 2008, he has been a member of the supervisory board of the press group Bayard Presse.

In 2016, he presided the 23rd Prix Bayeux-Calvados des correspondants de guerre.

## Writings

* 1969: *Chaban-Delmas ou l'art d'être heureux en politique*, Éditions Grasset
* 1974: *Les Jours terribles d'Israël*, Éditions du Seuil
* 1976: *Les Confettis de l'Empire*, Seuil
* 1978: *Les Années orphelines, 1968-1978*, Seuil
* 1980: *Un voyage vers l'Asie*, Seuil
* 1980: *Un voyage en Océanie*, Seuil
* 1988: *Le Voyage à Kéren*, Arléa, Prix Roger Nimier ISBN 2-86959-027-X
* 1993: *La Colline des Anges : Retour au Viêt Nam* with Raymond Depardon, Seuil
* 1995: *La Trahison des Lumières : enquête sur le désarroi contemporain*, Seuil, Jean-Jacques Rousseau ISBN 2-02-023447-5
* 1998: *La Tyrannie du plaisir*, Seuil, Prix Renaudot Essai ISBN 2-02-028949-0
* 1999: *La Refondation du monde*, Seuil, ISBN 2-02-036134-5
* 2001: *Le Principe d'humanité*, Seuil, ISBN 2-02-047434-4, Prix européen de l'essai Charles Veillon
* 2002: *L'Esprit du lieu*, Arléa
* 2003: *Le Goût de l'avenir*, Seuil, ISBN 2-02-054761-9
* 2005: *La force de conviction : à quoi pouvons-nous croire ?*, Seuil, ISBN 2-286-01245-8
* 2007: *Comment je suis redevenu chrétien*, Seuil, ISBN 9782757807019
* 2007: *Figures à Cordouan* by Pierre-Henri Simon, preface, Le Croît Vif
* 2009: *La confusion des valeurs*, ISBN 978-2-220-06105-4
* 2008: *Le Commencement d'un monde*, Seuil, ISBN 9782020967075
* 2010: *Sont-ils morts pour rien ? : Un demi-siècle d'assassinats politiques*, with Jean Lacouture, Seuil ISBN 978-2020998321
* 2011: *La vie vivante*, Éditions Les Arènes, ISBN 978-2-3520-4139-9
* 2011: *Le Goût de l'avenir*, Seuil, ISBN 978-2-020-92739-0
* 2011: *Le Deuxième Déluge*, Éditions Desclée de Brouwer, ISBN 978-2-220-06345-4
* 2012: *Une autre vie est possible*, Éditions L'iconoclaste, ISBN 978-2-91336-646-6
* 2013: *Je n'ai plus peur*, Éditions L'iconoclaste, ISBN 978-2-913366-62-6
* 2016: *Le tourment de la guerre*, Éditions L'iconoclaste

## InfoBox

| Jean-Claude Guillebaud | |
| --- | --- |
| Jean-Claude Guillebaud at the *Semaines sociales de France* in 2014 | |
| Born | (1944-05-21) 21 May 1944<br>Algiers, French Algeria |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | Journalist |
| Employer | *La Vie* |


title: Pentila

abstract: Pentila is a genus of butterflies, commonly called pentilas or buffs, in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are endemic to the Afrotropics. For other butterflies called buffs, see genus Baliochila.

text:
# Pentila

***Pentila*** is a genus of butterflies, commonly called **pentilas** or **buffs**, in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are endemic to the Afrotropics. For other butterflies called buffs, see genus *Baliochila*.

## Species

Listed alphabetically:

* Media related to Pentila at Wikimedia Commons
* Data related to Liptenini at Wikispecies

## InfoBox

| Buff butterflies | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| African Poritiinae; most of the species in this image are or have been in *Pentila* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Lycaenidae |
| Tribe: | Liptenini |
| Genus: | *Pentila*<br>Westwood, \[1851\] |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Tingra* Boisduval, 1847 | |


title: Jay Lockhart

abstract: Jay Lockhart is an Australian rules footballer who currently plays for the Southport Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He previously for Melbourne in the Australian Football League (AFL). Lockhart joined Melbourne during the 2018 pre-season supplemental selection period. He made his senior debut against Geelong in round 2 of the 2019 season. He was delisted by Melbourne following the club's drought breaking premiership. Before joining Casey, Lockhart played for North Launceston Football Club. Lockhart played for Southport in the club's six-point 2024 VFL grand final loss to Werribee.

text:
# Jay Lockhart

**Jay Lockhart** (born 3 February 1996) is an Australian rules footballer who currently plays for the Southport Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He previously for Melbourne in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Lockhart joined Melbourne during the 2018 pre-season supplemental selection period. He made his senior debut against Geelong in round 2 of the 2019 season. He was delisted by Melbourne following the club's drought breaking premiership.

Before joining Casey, Lockhart played for North Launceston Football Club.

Lockhart played for Southport in the club's six-point 2024 VFL grand final loss to Werribee.

## Statistics

*Statistics are correct to end of round 15, 2021*

**Legend**
| G | Goals | K | Kicks | D | Disposals | T | Tackles |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| B | Behinds | H | Handballs | M | Marks |

| Season | Team | No. | Games | Totals | | | | | | | Averages (per game) | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | G | B | K | H | D | M | T |
| 2019 | Melbourne | 41 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 90 | 61 | 151 | 52 | 23 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 7.5 | 5.1 | 12.6 | 4.3 | 1.9 |
| 2020 | Melbourne | 41 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 55 | 33 | 88 | 28 | 19 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 8.8 | 2.8 | 1.9 |
| 2021 | Melbourne | 41 | 0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Career | | | 22 | 9 | 5 | 145 | 94 | 239 | 80 | 42 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 6.6 | 4.3 | 10.9 | 3.6 | 1.9 |

### Notes

### Citations

1. Cleary, Mitch; Beveridge, Riley (15 March 2019). "All the latest SSP signings: Dees, Suns nab mids". *afl.com.au*. Telstra Media. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
2. Fair, Alex (24 June 2019), "A big day out for Jay Lockhart in Melbourne's win over Fremantle", *The Examiner*
3. Gabelich, Josh (11 May 2019), "How Jay Lockhart went from working on the docks to playing for Melbourne overnight", *The Examiner*
4. Fair, Alex (1 April 2019), *Tarryn Thomas and Jay Lockhart get their big AFL chance*
5. "2024 Smithy's VFL Grand Final: Player Profiles". AFL.com.au. 21 September 2024. Archived from the original on 21 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
6. "Werribee Tigers v Southport". AFL.com.au. 22 September 2024. Archived from the original on 22 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
7. "Jay Lockhart". *AFL Tables*. Retrieved 5 April 2020.

## InfoBox

| Jay Lockhart | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Lockhart playing for Melbourne in July 2019 | | | |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1996-02-03) 3 February 1996 | | |
| Original team(s) | Casey Demons | | |
| Draft | 2018 Pre-season supplemental selection period | | |
| Debut | 30 March 2019, Melbourne vs. Geelong, at Kardinia Park | | |
| Height | 177 cm (5 ft 10 in) | | |
| Weight | 75 kg (165 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 2019-2021 | Melbourne | 22 (9) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of round 15, 2021. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Perkins v. Benguet Mining Co.

abstract: Perkins v. Benguet Mining Co., 342 U.S. 437 (1952), was a United States Supreme Court case which held that an Ohio state court could exercise general personal jurisdiction over a foreign corporation on the basis of that company's "continuous and systematic" contacts with the state of Ohio. Benguet Consolidated Mining Co. was a Philippine mining corporation, owned by American John W. Hausermann, that temporarily stopped its mining operations and relocated its president to Ohio during the World War II Japanese occupation of the Philippines. The Court held that the president's use of his office in Ohio to carry on continuous business activities during this period allowed Ohio to properly assert general jurisdiction over his company.

text:
# Perkins v. Benguet Mining Co.

***Perkins v. Benguet Mining Co.***, 342 U.S. 437 (1952), was a United States Supreme Court case which held that an Ohio state court could exercise general personal jurisdiction over a foreign corporation on the basis of that company's "continuous and systematic" contacts with the state of Ohio. Benguet Consolidated Mining Co. was a Philippine mining corporation, owned by American John W. Hausermann, that temporarily stopped its mining operations and relocated its president to Ohio during the World War II Japanese occupation of the Philippines. The Court held that the president's use of his office in Ohio to carry on continuous business activities during this period allowed Ohio to properly assert general jurisdiction over his company.

## Background

The Supreme Court case consolidated the two original suits into one. One suit had been brought by the petitioner Ms. Perkins for approximately $68,400 in dividends that she alleged were due her as a stockholder. The second suit was for $2,500,000 damages claimed as a result of the company's failure to issue to her certificates for 120,000 shares of its stock.

The trial court had sustained a motion to quash the summons in each case because the defendant was a foreign corporation and, as such, the Court did not have personal jurisdiction over it. Neither its corporate headquarters nor its principal place of business were in Ohio, and it had not applied for the required license to transact business in Ohio nor appointed an agent for service of process in state. Additionally, the claims Ms. Perkins sued upon did not arise from anything the defendant did in the state of Ohio. The Ohio State Supreme Court affirmed the decision and the plaintiff filed another appeal in the U.S. Supreme Court.

## Opinion of the Court

The Supreme Court reversed on the basis of the defendant president's "continuous and systematic supervision of the necessarily limited wartime activities of the company" in Ohio. It was thus not a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment due process clause for Ohio to assert general jurisdiction over the company on the plaintiff's claim, even though the claim arose from activities conducted outside the forum state and entirely distinct from those activities conducted inside the forum state.

The judgment of the Supreme Court of Ohio was vacated and the cause of action remanded for further proceedings consistent with the opinion.

This is a notable United States civil procedure case in the area of general jurisdiction. It represents one of the rare instances in which a state's exercise of general (as opposed to specific) personal jurisdiction over a non-resident was deemed to comport with the requirements of due process, due to the non-resident's extensive activities within the state.

## InfoBox

| Perkins v. Benguet Mining Co. | |
| --- | --- |
| Supreme Court of the United States | |
| Argued November 27–28, 1951
Decided March 3, 1952 | |
| Full case name | *Perkins v. Benguet Consolidated Mining Co.* |
| Citations | 342 U.S. 437 (*more*)72 S. Ct. 413; 96 L. Ed. 485; 1952 U.S. LEXIS 2386; 63 Ohio L. Abs. 146; 47 Ohio Op. 216 |
| Case history | |
| Prior | 155 Ohio St. 116 (vacated and remanded) |
| Court membership | |
| Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson  Associate Justices Hugo Black **·**  Stanley F. Reed
Felix Frankfurter **·**  William O. Douglas
Robert H. Jackson **·**  Harold H. Burton
Tom C. Clark **·**  Sherman Minton | |
| Case opinions | |
| Majority | Burton, joined by Black, Reed, Frankfurter, Douglas, Jackson, Clark |
| Dissent | Minton, joined by Vinson |
| Laws applied | |
| U.S. Const. amend. XIV | |


title: Peritoneal fluid

abstract: Peritoneal fluid is a serous fluid made by the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity which lubricates the surface of tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity. It covers most of the organs in the abdomen. An increased volume of peritoneal fluid is called ascites. Sampling of peritoneal fluid is generally performed by paracentesis.

text:
# Peritoneal fluid

**Peritoneal fluid** is a serous fluid made by the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity which lubricates the surface of tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity. It covers most of the organs in the abdomen. An increased volume of peritoneal fluid is called ascites.

Sampling of peritoneal fluid is generally performed by paracentesis.

## Peritoneal fluid analysis

The serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) is the most useful index for evaluating peritoneal fluid and can help distinguish ascites caused by portal hypertension (cirrhosis, portal vein thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, etc.) from other causes of ascites. SAAG is calculated by subtracting the albumin measure of ascitic fluid from the serum value. In portal hypertension, the SAAG is \>1.1 g/dL while ascites from other causes shows a SAAG of less than 1.1 g/dL.

Peritoneal fluid microscopy is a useful test in evaluating the cause of ascites. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) is considered positive if any of the following are present

1. \>15 mL gross blood
2. RBCs \>100,000/mL
3. WBCs \>500/mL
4. Bacteria present on Gram stain

Bacteria and white blood cells, when present in a patient with a history of ascites (usually due to cirrhosis) is highly suggestive of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

This article incorporates public domain material from *Dictionary of Cancer Terms*. U.S. National Cancer Institute.


title: Persön

abstract: Persön is a locality situated in Luleå Municipality, Norrbotten County, Sweden with 223 inhabitants in 2010.

text:
# Persön

**Persön** is a locality situated in Luleå Municipality, Norrbotten County, Sweden with 223 inhabitants in 2010.

## InfoBox

| Persön | |
| --- | --- |
| PersönPersön | |
| Coordinates: 65°45′N 22°10′E / 65.750°N 22.167°E / 65.750; 22.167 | |
| Country | Sweden |
| Province | Norrbotten |
| County | Norrbotten County |
| Municipality | Luleå Municipality |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.45 km2 (0.17 sq mi) |
| Population (31 December 2010) | |
| Total | 223 |
| Density | 492/km2 (1,270/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Pert (sidewheeler)

abstract: Pert was a sidewheel steamboat that operated in British Columbia on the Columbia River from 1887 to 1905, often transporting large loads of timber. Pert was also known as Alert and City of Windermere at times.

text:
# Pert (sidewheeler)

***Pert*** was a sidewheel steamboat that operated in British Columbia on the Columbia River from 1887 to 1905, often transporting large loads of timber. *Pert* was also known as *Alert* and *City of Windermere* at times.

## Design and construction

*Pert* was built at Golden, British Columbia, by Fred Wells, who named the vessel *Alert*. The vessel seems to have been originally built as a bateau, that is, an unpowered river vessel propelled by oars or by poling along the river. An engine and sidewheels were installed in 1890.

## Operations

In 1891, Capt. Frank P. Armstrong started operating *Pert* as part of his steamboat line, the Upper Columbia Navigation & Tramway Co. (UCN&T) to operate on the headwaters of the Columbia River above Golden, an area which is known as the Columbia Valley. From 1892 to 1898, Armstrong ran *Pert* on Columbia Lake.

### Use on Columbia Lake

The river flowing out of Columbia Lake was often too shallow for a steamboat, and so UCN&T built a mule or horse-drawn tramway extending to the northern end of Columbia Lake. Cargoes bound south to the valley of the upper Kootenay River would be loaded on the tramway, and pulled to the wharf on the lake, then loaded on *Pert*. The steamboat would then paddle south across the lake to the portage at Canal Flats. The cargo would then be unloaded and portaged over to the Kootenay River. When *Pert* was running on the river, a canal and lock connected Columbia Lake with the Kootenay River. The canal was not much used; only three steamboat transits were ever made.

### Sale

In 1898 Armstrong sold *Pert* to Capt. Alex Blakely, who rebuilt the vessel into a propeller-driven towboat with a new name, *City of Windermere*. In 1903, Blakely sold it to Capt. E.N. Russell, who changed the vessel's name back to *Pert* and ran her on Windermere Lake and the upper Columbia River from 1903 to 1905.

## Abandonment

*Pert* was abandoned in 1905 on Windermere Lake.

## Further reading

* Faber, Jim, *Steamer's Wake—Voyaging down the old marine highways of Puget Sound, British Columbia, and the Columbia River*, Enetai Press, Seattle, WA 1985 ISBN 0-9615811-0-7
* Timmen, Fritz, *Blow for the Landing*, Caxton Printers, Caldwell, ID 1972 ISBN 0-87004-221-1

## InfoBox

| *Pert* | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| Name | *Pert* |
| Owner | Upper Columbia Navigation & Tramway Co. |
| Port of registry | Canada |
| Route | Inland British Columbia on the Columbia River in the Columbia Valley |
| Builder | Fred Wells |
| Out of service | Abandoned 1905 |
| Identification | CAN #107826 |
| Fate | Abandoned 1905 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | inland passenger/freighter |
| Tonnage | 6.5 gross tons; 4 registered tons |
| Length | 50 ft (15 ) |
| Beam | 10 ft (3 ) |
| Depth | 2.6 ft (1 ) depth of hold |
| Installed power | unpowered bateau 1887–1890; converted to sidewheel and first steam engine installed 1890, details unknown; second engine installed 1900: high-pressure single-cylinder vertically mounted 5-inch bore by 6-inch stroke, 6.44 nominal horsepower, built by Albion Iron Works. |
| Propulsion | sidewheels |


title: Perry Groves

abstract: Perry Groves is an English former professional footballer, best known for his time at Arsenal. A fast-paced player who usually played as a winger and occasionally a striker, Groves also played professionally for Colchester United and Southampton, also briefly playing for both Dagenham & Redbridge and Canvey Island in non-league football towards the end of his career. He currently works as a media pundit.

text:
# Perry Groves

**Perry Groves** (born 19 April 1965) is an English former professional footballer, best known for his time at Arsenal. A fast-paced player who usually played as a winger and occasionally a striker, Groves also played professionally for Colchester United and Southampton, also briefly playing for both Dagenham & Redbridge and Canvey Island in non-league football towards the end of his career. He currently works as a media pundit.

## Playing career

### Colchester United

Groves was born in Bow, London, but as a boy he played for Cornard Dynamos in the village of Great Cornard on the SuffolkEssex border. Groves then had a trial with Wolves as a schoolboy before signing as an apprentice for Colchester United in 1981. He turned professional a year later and over the next four seasons he played 142 league games for the U's, scoring 26 goals.

### Arsenal

In September 1986, he signed for Arsenal for £50,000, becoming the first signing by new manager George Graham. His debut came in a goalless draw against Luton Town that same month.

In his first season at the club he helped set up Charlie Nicholas for the winner in the 1987 League Cup final, dribbling past three Liverpool players before laying the ball off.

Noted for his enthusiasm, pace and hard work, he started most of Arsenal's games in the 1987–88 season, ousting Charlie Nicholas as strike partner to Alan Smith, and helping the Gunners reach a second League Cup final the following season by scoring the only goal of the away leg of the semi-final against Everton; Arsenal however lost the final to Luton Town. Although Groves made 46 appearances in all competitions that season, the arrival of Brian Marwood reduced his opportunities to play, and he was mainly used as a substitute in Arsenal's title-winning 1988–89 season, coming off the bench 15 times during the league campaign, on top of six starts. He was on the pitch as a substitute in the final game of the season and helped create the space when Michael Thomas famously scored the title clinching goal at Anfield.

Although an injury to Marwood opened the door for him again in 1989–90, Groves returned to the bench after Marwood recovered. This did not however stop him from winning a second league title winners' medal in 1990–91, again with most of his appearances coming as a sub, as Graham usually favoured Kevin Campbell to play alongside Alan Smith. After making only 13 league appearances in 1991–92, Groves was sold to Southampton just at the start of the inaugural Premier League season.

### Southampton

He moved to Southampton in August 1992 for £750,000 but only played 15 times in two years before retiring from professional football at the age of 28, following two serious Achilles tendon injuries.

### Dagenham and Redbridge

He then played four games in the Conference for Dagenham & Redbridge before ending his playing career with a solitary appearance for Canvey Island.

## Post-retirement

Groves has appeared for Arsenal in several Masters footballing tournaments. He is now a well established sports pundit and has worked for a wide variety of media firms including Sky Sports, BBC Radio 5 Live, BT Sport, Absolute Radio as well as TalkSPORT. Groves was previously part of Absolute Radio's Sony Award winning Rock 'N' Roll Football show, fronted by former Arsenal teammate, Ian Wright, which airs on a Saturday.

In 2010, Groves signed as a non-playing substitute for new club Chester after Colin Murray, then of BBC Radio 5 Live, offered the new club £2,000 if they named Groves and Pat Nevin as unused substitutes at every game in the 2010–11 season.

## Legacy

Groves became a cult player among Arsenal fans, who commemorate him with the chant "We all live in a Perry Groves World", which listed Perry in every position from 1 to 12 (except 7, which is instead taken by Liam Brady), to the tune of The Beatles' "Yellow Submarine".

He still has a large following, with a fan club and website devoted to him. In October 2006, Groves published his autobiography, entitled *We All Live in a Perry Groves World* (ISBN 1-84454-319-6). With it came an Arsenal fans' campaign on the web to purchase the book, in an attempt to outsell former Arsenal defender Ashley Cole's autobiography, *My Defence*, which was out at the same time. His autobiography has since outsold that of Cole.

## Family

His great uncle, Vic Groves, having previously featured for Tottenham Hotspur, played for and captained Arsenal. He played as a forward making 203 appearances and scoring 37 goals.

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
| Club | Season | League | | | FA Cup | | League Cup | | Other | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Colchester United |
| | 1981–82 | Fourth Division | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 9 | 0 |
| | 1982–83 | Fourth Division | 17 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 22 | 3 |
| | 1983–84 | Fourth Division | 42 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 50 | 2 |
| | 1984–85 | Fourth Division | 44 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 52 | 12 |
| | 1985–86 | Fourth Division | 43 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 47 | 15 |
| | 1986–87 | Fourth Division | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 1 | 0 |
| | Total | | 156 | 26 | 6 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 4 | 181 | 32 |
| Arsenal |
| | 1986–87 | First Division | 25 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 0 |  | | 34 | 3 |
| | 1987–88 | First Division | 34 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 2 |  | | 46 | 9 |
| | 1988–89 | First Division | 21 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 5 |
| | 1989–90 | First Division | 30 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1 |  | | 36 | 5 |
| | 1990–91 | First Division | 32 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 3 |  | | 40 | 6 |
| | 1991–92 | First Division | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 21 | 1 |
| | 1992–93 | Premier League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 1 | 0 |
| | Total | | 156 | 21 | 17 | 1 | 26 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 205 | 29 |
| Southampton | 1992–93 | Premier League | 15 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |  | | 18 | 2 |
| Career total | | | 327 | 49 | 24 | 2 | 38 | 7 | 15 | 5 | 404 | 63 |

## Honours

**Arsenal**

1. Chalk, Gary; Holley, Duncan; Bull, David (2013). *All the Saints: A Complete Players' Who's Who of Southampton FC*. Southampton: Hagiology Publishing. p. 336. ISBN 978-0-9926-8640-6.
2. Perry Groves (2007). *We all live in a Perry Groves World*. London: John Blake Publishing. p. 2.
3. "Perry Groves: Interview". *Planet Football.com*. 13 March 2017.
4. "arsenal historic players". 15 January 2023.
5. "saintsplayers". 7 January 2023.
6. "Play with a legend". *Nights Out in Newcastle.co.uk*.
7. "Club not live". Archived from the original on 21 April 2014.
8. "We Love Perry". *We Love Perry.com*.
9. "Let's make Perry Groves better than Ashley Cole | Arseblog @ OleOle". *oleole.com*. Archived from the original on 19 May 2009. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
10. "Vic Groves". *Arsenal.com*.
11. "Games played by Perry Groves in 1981/1982". coludata.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
12. "Games played by Perry Groves in 1982/1983". coludata.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
13. "Games played by Perry Groves in 1983/1984". coludata.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
14. "Games played by Perry Groves in 1984/1985". coludata.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
15. "Games played by Perry Groves in 1985/1986". coludata.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
16. "Games played by Perry Groves in 1986/1987". coludata.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
17. "Player search: Groves, P (Perry)". *English National Football Archive*. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
18. "Games played by Perry Groves in 1992/1993". saintsplayers.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
19. "Premier League (Tier One) Honours". *Coludaybyday.co.uk*. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
20. "1972/73 Terry Anderson". *Coludaybyday.co.uk*. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
21. "Mercantile Credit Centenary Trophy 1988". Football Database. Retrieved 26 April 2017.

## InfoBox

Perry Groves
| Groves in 2014, at the Emirates Stadium legends tour | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Perry Groves | | |
| Date of birth | (1965-04-19) 19 April 1965 | | |
| Place of birth | Bow, London, England | | |
| Height | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) | | |
| Position(s) | Left winger | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1981–1982 | Colchester United | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1982–1986 | Colchester United | 156 | (26) |
| 1986–1992 | Arsenal | 156 | (21) |
| 1992–1994 | Southampton | 15 | (2) |
| 1994 | Dagenham & Redbridge | 4 | (0) |
| 1995 | Canvey Island | 1 | (0) |
| Total |  | **332** | **(49)** |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Jean Cavenac de la Vigne

abstract: Jean Cavenac de la Vigne, seigneur d'Auvilliers, was French Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1556 to 1566. He was the successor of Michel de Codignac, who had returned to Europe in 1558, passing through Venice in July 1558, and betrayed the French cause by entering in the service of Philip II of Spain. De la Vigne was sent to the Ottoman Empire by Henri II of France, with the objective of getting help against the Spanish troops of the Duke of Alva in Italy as part of the long-standing Franco-Ottoman alliance, when, concomitantly France was facing the Spanish troops of Philip II of Spain in the north on the border of Flanders. France could only hope for progress in Italy if it were to receive Ottoman help. De la Vigne lobbied for an Ottoman naval intervention in 1557. Henry was hopeful of Ottoman help, as in the past his military actions against the Habsburgs had relieve pressure on Suleiman during his campaigns in Persia and in Hungary, and Henry had always refused to join anti-Ottoman coalitions. The Ottomans however refused to send their fleet to Italy that year to support the French, partly because of the Ottomans feeling offense about the previous Truce of Vaucelles which Henry II had signed without informing them, and his lack of response to several of Suleiman's letters. The Ottomans were also afraid of the increased power of the French under Henry II, and did not wish to see France occupy the whole of Italy, next door to the Ottoman Empire. In 1558, Suleiman finally communicated through de la Vigne his agreement to help Henry II, and he started to prepare an armada. He also committed to send an army in the direction of Hungary and Germany if Henry also committed not to make truces or agreements on his side. The French king however preferred an Ottoman offensive against Naples in Italy, through the Albanian port of Valona, and wished to obtain financial help to the level of 2 million ducats from the Ottomans. In May, Suleiman communicated that he would send an armada, which left Istanbul in April 1558. In June, the armada sacked Sorrento and took 3,000 captives, but otherwise did little, and was delayed from joining a French fleet in Corsica, possibly due to the failure of the commander Dragut to honour Suleiman's orders. Suleiman apologized in a letter to Henry at the end of the year 1558. As the Ottoman refused to lend the 2 million ducats to France, and Henry failed in the Battle of Saint-Quentin and Battle of Gravelines, the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis was finally signed. De la Vigne had a reputation of being rather outspoken and impolitic, and Ghiselin de Busbecq, ambassador of Ferdinand to the Porte, commented that de la Vigne's freedom of speech as an ambassador was "wild and frightfull".

text:
# Jean Cavenac de la Vigne

**Jean Cavenac de la Vigne, seigneur d'Auvilliers**, was French Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1556 to 1566. He was the successor of Michel de Codignac, who had returned to Europe in 1558, passing through Venice in July 1558, and betrayed the French cause by entering in the service of Philip II of Spain.

De la Vigne was sent to the Ottoman Empire by Henri II of France, with the objective of getting help against the Spanish troops of the Duke of Alva in Italy as part of the long-standing Franco-Ottoman alliance, when, concomitantly France was facing the Spanish troops of Philip II of Spain in the north on the border of Flanders. France could only hope for progress in Italy if it were to receive Ottoman help. De la Vigne lobbied for an Ottoman naval intervention in 1557.

Henry was hopeful of Ottoman help, as in the past his military actions against the Habsburgs had relieve pressure on Suleiman during his campaigns in Persia and in Hungary, and Henry had always refused to join anti-Ottoman coalitions. The Ottomans however refused to send their fleet to Italy that year to support the French, partly because of the Ottomans feeling offense about the previous Truce of Vaucelles which Henry II had signed without informing them, and his lack of response to several of Suleiman's letters. The Ottomans were also afraid of the increased power of the French under Henry II, and did not wish to see France occupy the whole of Italy, next door to the Ottoman Empire.

In 1558, Suleiman finally communicated through de la Vigne his agreement to help Henry II, and he started to prepare an armada. He also committed to send an army in the direction of Hungary and Germany if Henry also committed not to make truces or agreements on his side. The French king however preferred an Ottoman offensive against Naples in Italy, through the Albanian port of Valona, and wished to obtain financial help to the level of 2 million ducats from the Ottomans. In May, Suleiman communicated that he would send an armada, which left Istanbul in April 1558. In June, the armada sacked Sorrento and took 3,000 captives, but otherwise did little, and was delayed from joining a French fleet in Corsica, possibly due to the failure of the commander Dragut to honour Suleiman's orders. Suleiman apologized in a letter to Henry at the end of the year 1558. As the Ottoman refused to lend the 2 million ducats to France, and Henry failed in the Battle of Saint-Quentin and Battle of Gravelines, the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis was finally signed.

De la Vigne had a reputation of being rather outspoken and impolitic, and Ghiselin de Busbecq, ambassador of Ferdinand to the Porte, commented that de la Vigne's freedom of speech as an ambassador was "wild and frightfull".

## Sources

* Setton, Kenneth M. (1984). *The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), Volume IV: The Sixteenth Century from Julius III to Pius V*. Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society. ISBN 0-87169-162-0.


title: Wolf, Ohio

abstract: Wolf is an unincorporated community in Tuscarawas County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

text:
# Wolf, Ohio

**Wolf** is an unincorporated community in Tuscarawas County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

An old variant name was Wolfs Station. Wolf's Station was laid out in 1874 by Enoch G. Wolf, and named for him. A post office called Wolfs Station was established in 1874, the name was changed to Wolf in 1882, and the post office closed in 1940. Besides the post office, Wolf had a station on the Cleveland and Marietta Railroad.

40°19′18″N 81°34′17″W / 40.32167°N 81.57139°W / 40.32167; -81.57139


title: Engineering research

abstract:
Engineering research - as a branch of science, it stands primarily for research that is oriented towards achieving a specific goal that would be useful, while seeking to employ the powerful tools already developed in Engineering as well as in non-Engineering sciences such as Physics, Mathematics, Computer science, Chemistry, Biology, etc. Often, some of the knowledge required to develop such tools is nonexistent or is simply not good enough, and the engineering research takes the form of a non-engineering science. Since engineering is extensive, it comprises specialised areas such as bioengineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, electrical and computer engineering, civil and environmental engineering, agricultural engineering, etc. The largest professional organisation is the IEEE that today includes much more than the original Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Major contributors to engineering research around the world include governments, private business,
and academia. The results of engineering research can emerge in journal articles, at academic conferences, and in the form of new products on the market. Much engineering research in the United States of America takes place under the aegis of the Department of Defense. Military-related research into science and technology has led to "dual-use" applications, with the adaptation of weaponry, communications and other defense systems for the military and other applications for civilian use. Programmable digital computers and the Internet which connects them, the GPS satellite network, fiber-optic cable, radar and lasers provide examples.

text:
# Engineering research

**Engineering research** \- as a branch of science, it stands primarily for research that is oriented towards achieving a specific goal that would be useful, while seeking to employ the powerful tools already developed in Engineering as well as in non-Engineering sciences such as Physics, Mathematics, Computer science, Chemistry, Biology, etc. Often, some of the knowledge required to develop such tools is nonexistent or is simply not good enough, and the engineering research takes the form of a non-engineering science. Since engineering is extensive, it comprises specialised areas such as bioengineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, electrical and computer engineering, civil and environmental engineering, agricultural engineering, etc.

The largest professional organisation is the IEEE that today includes much more than the original Electrical and Electronic Engineering.

Major contributors to engineering research around the world include governments, private business, and academia.

The results of engineering research can emerge in journal articles, at academic conferences, and in the form of new products on the market.

Much engineering research in the United States of America takes place under the aegis of the Department of Defense.

Military-related research into science and technology has led to "dual-use" applications, with the adaptation of weaponry, communications and other defense systems for the military and other applications for civilian use. Programmable digital computers and the Internet which connects them, the GPS satellite network, fiber-optic cable, radar and lasers provide examples.

1. For example, the New Zealand Heavy Engineering Research Association (HERA) - http://www.hera.org.nz/Category?Action=View&Category\_id=44
2. "More than one-third of all engineering research comes from the Defense Department, and it is one of the largest supporters of research in electronics, computers, mathematics, aeronautics, material science, mechanics and the environmental sciences, especially oceanography."


title: Lovington, New Mexico

abstract: Lovington is a city in, and the county seat of, Lea County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 11,009 at the 2010 census, up from 9,471 in 2000.

text:
# Lovington, New Mexico

**Lovington** is a city in, and the county seat of, Lea County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 11,009 at the 2010 census, up from 9,471 in 2000.

## Geography

Lovington is located slightly north of the center of Lea County.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Lovington has a total area of 11.4 square miles (29.5 km2), of which 0.03 square miles (0.08 km2), or 0.26%, are water.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1920 | 411 |  |  |
| 1930 | 961 |  | 133.8% |
| 1940 | 1,916 |  | 99.4% |
| 1950 | 3,134 |  | 63.6% |
| 1960 | 9,660 |  | 208.2% |
| 1970 | 8,915 |  | −7.7% |
| 1980 | 9,727 |  | 9.1% |
| 1990 | 9,322 |  | −4.2% |
| 2000 | 9,471 |  | 1.6% |
| 2010 | 11,009 |  | 16.2% |
| 2020 | 11,668 |  | 6.0% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

At the 2000 census there were 9,471 people, 3,297 households, and 2,459 families living in the city. The population density was 1,983.6 inhabitants per square mile (765.9/km2). There were 3,823 housing units at an average density of 800.7 per square mile (309.2/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 59.85% White, 3.03% African American, 0.78% Native American, 0.48% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 32.74% from other races, and 3.06% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 52.12%.

Of the 3,297 households 41.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.0% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.4% were non-families. 22.8% of households were one person and 11.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.29.

The age distribution was 31.8% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 18.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% 65 or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.3 males.

The median household income was $26,458 and the median family income was $30,064. Males had a median income of $28,547 versus $19,826 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,752. About 20.1% of families and 22.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.1% of those under age 18 and 16.2% of those age 65 or over.

## Infrastructure

### Transportation

#### Highways

#### Railroad

The Texas & New Mexico Railway provides freight service. Lovington is the northern terminus of this line.

## Education

Lovington Municipal Schools is the area school district. It operates Lovington High School.

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Lovington, New Mexico | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Lovington Public Library | |
| Location of Lovington, New Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 32°57′06″N 103°20′59″W / 32.95167°N 103.34972°W / 32.95167; -103.34972 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Mexico |
| County | Lea |
| Area | |
| Total | 11.23 sq mi (29.10 km2) |
| Land | 11.21 sq mi (29.03 km2) |
| Water | 0.03 sq mi (0.07 km2) |
| Elevation | 3,918 ft (1,194 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 11,668 |
| Density | 1,040.95/sq mi (401.90/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−7 (Mountain (MST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−6 (MDT) |
| ZIP code | 88260 |
| Area code | 575 |
| FIPS code | 35-44490 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2410888 |
| Website | lovington.org |


title: Tambor, Costa Rica

abstract: Tambor is a town in Costa Rica.

text:
# Tambor, Costa Rica

**Tambor** is a town in Costa Rica.

## Geography

Tambor is located in the portion of the Nicoya Peninsula that is located in the Province of Puntarenas. Within that province it is located in the cantón of the same name in the district of Cóbano. Tambor is located on the Panica River, which flows from Bahia Ballena.

## History

The town started out as a small fishing village but now tourism has greatly superseded that as the primary economic activity.

## Tourism

### Resorts

Due to the beauty of Bahia Ballena, Tambor has an abundance of resorts and villages nearby it. Some of these are

* Barcelo Tambor
* Los Delphines Gated Community
* Tambor Tropical Beach Resort
* El Arbol De Dios
* Bahia Tambor

## Transport

Tambor Airport, a domestic airport with scheduled service to and from San José is located here.

9°44′03″N 85°00′42″W / 9.7341°N 85.0116°W / 9.7341; -85.0116

## InfoBox

| Tambor | |
| --- | --- |
| Community | |
| TamborTambor | |
| Coordinates: 9°44′3″N 85°0′42″W / 9.73417°N 85.01167°W / 9.73417; -85.01167 | |
| Country | Costa Rica |
| Province | Puntarenas |
| Canton | Puntarenas |
| District | Cobano |
| Area | |
| Total | 7.74 km2 (2.99 sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |


title: Tambopata River

abstract:
The Tambopata River is a river in southeastern Peru and northwestern Bolivia. Most of the Tambopata is in the Madre de Dios and Puno regions in Peru, but the upper parts of the river forms the border between Peru and Bolivia, and its origin is in La Paz department in Bolivia. The Tambopata is a tributary of the Madre de Dios River, into which it merges at the city of Puerto Maldonado. The river flows through the Tambopata National Reserve. Seven types of flooded forest are recognized for this Reserve:
  - Permanently waterlogged swamp forests are former oxbow lakes still flooded but covered in forest.
  - Seasonally waterlogged swamp forests are oxbow lakes in the process of filling in.
  - Lower floodplain forest are the lowest floodplain locations with a recognizable forest.
  - Middle floodplain forests are tall occasionally flooded forests.
  - Upper floodplain forests are tall rarely flooded forests.
  - Old floodplain forests have been subjected to flooding within the last two hundred years.
  - Previous floodplain are now terra firme, but were historically ancient floodplains.

text:
# Tambopata River

The **Tambopata River** is a river in southeastern Peru and northwestern Bolivia. Most of the Tambopata is in the Madre de Dios and Puno regions in Peru, but the upper parts of the river forms the border between Peru and Bolivia, and its origin is in La Paz department in Bolivia. The Tambopata is a tributary of the Madre de Dios River, into which it merges at the city of Puerto Maldonado. The river flows through the Tambopata National Reserve.

Seven types of flooded forest are recognized for this Reserve:

* Permanently waterlogged swamp forests are former oxbow lakes still flooded but covered in forest.
* Seasonally waterlogged swamp forests are oxbow lakes in the process of filling in.
* Lower floodplain forest are the lowest floodplain locations with a recognizable forest.
* Middle floodplain forests are tall occasionally flooded forests.
* Upper floodplain forests are tall rarely flooded forests.
* Old floodplain forests have been subjected to flooding within the last two hundred years.
* Previous floodplain are now *terra firme*, but were historically ancient floodplains.

## History

Between 1900-1912 during the Amazon rubber boom, companies like the Inca Mining Company, Tambopata Rubber Syndicate and the Inambari Para Rubber Estates Ltd operated on the Tambopata river. These companies were granted concessions by the government of Peru to develop land routes through the isthmus of Fitzcarrald. Like many other rubber extracting enterprises, these companies practiced 'hooking by debts.' Lucien J. Jerome, a British Consul in Callao at the time referred to the treatment of the indigenous in the Madre de Dios as “slavery pure and simple.”

## InfoBox

| Tambopata River | |
| --- | --- |
| Tambopata River in the Amazon rainforest in Peru | |
| Madre de Dios watershed with the Tambopata River in the southeast (upper parts of the river not included on the map) | |
| Location | |
| Country | Bolivia, Peru |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source | Andes |
| location | La Paz Department, Bolivia |
|  | |
| Mouth | Madre de Dios River |
| coordinates | 12°35′48″S 69°10′10″W / 12.59667°S 69.16944°W / -12.59667; -69.16944 |
| Length | 350 km (220 mi) |


title: Lowculture

abstract: lowculture.co.uk is a UK television website founded in January 2003 by Paul Lang, who currently works as the art director of Doctor Who Adventures.

text:
# Lowculture

**lowculture.co.uk** is a UK television website founded in January 2003 by Paul Lang, who currently works as the art director of *Doctor Who Adventures*.

## Purpose

The website sought to celebrate popular television shows, especially 'low brow television' each day selecting a pick of the day television show and spotlighting various facts. The site has become a cult hit among many readers, especially for its love of the more trashy and camp television in the UK - leading to some journalists labeling the site as part of the 'trashologist' movement

The website was also famous for backing contestants in Reality TV shows who have not been supported by the mainstream media. This has included Aisleyne Horgan-Wallace in *Big Brother 7* and Same Difference in 2007's *The X-Factor*.

## Forum

The site also included a popular forum, where readers are invited to contribute on various topics from television shows to radio programmes. This part of the site has seen the development of LOLyoaks based on the internet phenomena of LOLcats and the UK Soap *Hollyoaks*, receiving spotlight in the UK Media.

1. Reviews and News, Television Archived 2007-11-06 at the Wayback Machine British Film Institute
2. Thank you, fellow trashologists Blogs, The Guardian, March 2007
3. Getting the low down on popular media The Independent, 3 December 2007


title: Israel–Seychelles relations

abstract: Israel–Seychelles relations refer to the bilateral relationship between the State of Israel and the Republic of Seychelles. The Israeli embassy in Nairobi, Kenya is accredited to Seychelles. Seychelles has an honorary consul in Tel Aviv, named Arie Goldstein.

text:
# Israel–Seychelles relations

**Israel–Seychelles relations** refer to the bilateral relationship between the State of Israel and the Republic of Seychelles. The Israeli embassy in Nairobi, Kenya is accredited to Seychelles. Seychelles has an honorary consul in Tel Aviv, named Arie Goldstein.

## History

Relations between the State of Israel and the Republic of Seychelles were officially established in 1992, after the end of the boycott of the Sub-Saharan African countries.

The economic relations between Israel and Seychelles are small and modest, with tourism as the most important co-operation between the countries. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Seychelles has opened the country for Israelis only, since the fact that during the first wave, Israel was a safe country with low rate of infection.

## InfoBox

Israel–Seychelles relations
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  |  |
|
Israel |
Seychelles |
|  | |


title: Michael Cuddyer

abstract: Michael Brent Cuddyer is an American former professional baseball outfielder who played for 15 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Minnesota Twins, Colorado Rockies, and New York Mets. He batted and threw right-handed. Cuddyer was a two-time MLB All-Star, and won a Silver Slugger Award in 2013, when he led the National League in batting average. Cuddyer announced his retirement after the 2015 season. He was inducted into the Minnesota Twins Hall of Fame on August 19, 2017. Primarily a right fielder, Cuddyer made starts at every defensive position except catcher and shortstop over the course of his career.

text:
# Michael Cuddyer

**Michael Brent Cuddyer** (/kəˈdaɪər/; born March 27, 1979) is an American former professional baseball outfielder who played for 15 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Minnesota Twins, Colorado Rockies, and New York Mets. He batted and threw right-handed. Cuddyer was a two-time MLB All-Star, and won a Silver Slugger Award in 2013, when he led the National League in batting average. Cuddyer announced his retirement after the 2015 season. He was inducted into the Minnesota Twins Hall of Fame on August 19, 2017. Primarily a right fielder, Cuddyer made starts at every defensive position except catcher and shortstop over the course of his career.

## Early life

Cuddyer was born in Norfolk, Virginia, and is a 1997 graduate of Great Bridge High School in Chesapeake, Virginia, where he was a standout athlete in baseball, basketball, and football as well as student body president and National Honor Society member. In 1996 and 1997, he was named to the United States national under-18 baseball team, where he played in the World Junior Baseball Championship. In 1997, he was named to the All-America First Team by the American Baseball Coaches Association and Rawlings. Cuddyer was named Virginia's Player of the Year and Gatorade National baseball Player of the Year in 1997. He was also a member of *USA Today*'s All-Star and the USA Junior National teams in 1997.

During his high school career, he played American Legion Baseball and was named the 2014 American Legion Graduate of the Year.

Cuddyer has given back to his hometown and high school many times during his career.

## Professional career

### Minnesota Twins

Cuddyer was drafted by the Minnesota Twins in the first round with the ninth overall pick of the 1997 Major League Baseball draft, but did not sign until August. Cuddyer initially committed to play college baseball at Florida State but waited for the Twins' signing bonus offer to increase from $700,000 to $1.3 million before deciding to go professional. Consequently, he did not make his professional debut until 1998 when he was assigned to the Fort Wayne Wizards in the Single-A Midwest League. Showing the tools that made him a first round draft pick and regularly named to the *Baseball America'*s top minor league prospects, Cuddyer made steady progress through the Twins' minor league system and made his Major League Baseball debut on September 23, 2001, after hitting .301 with 30 home runs and 87 RBI in 141 games at Double-A New Britain. In his first career game, he went 1-for-2 with a walk in a 4–2 loss to the Cleveland Indians. After hitting .309 with 20 home runs and 53 RBI in 86 games at Triple-A Edmonton, Cuddyer would be called back up with the Twins for the 2002 stretch drive and would be named to the post-season roster where he would hit over .300 against the Oakland A's and the Anaheim Angels. Despite playing over half of his 676 minor league games at third base and another 166 games at second, prior to the 2004 season Cuddyer got most of his playing time as an occasional fill-in in the outfield. During 2004, Cuddyer started to see more time in the majors in the infield, playing second and third base. After the departure of veteran Twins third baseman Corey Koskie to the Toronto Blue Jays by way of free agency in 2005, Cuddyer became the Twins' starting third baseman. However, he struggled at third base and was relegated to a reserve role for much of 2005, although he did hit .263 with 12 home runs and 42 RBI in 125 games.

Cuddyer underwent surgery to repair a tear in his right lateral meniscus in October 2005. The Twins then extended his contract on January 21, 2006, giving him a one-year deal worth $1.3 million. After beginning the 2006 season on the bench, Cuddyer emerged as a regular in right field and in the cleanup spot of the Twins batting order. He finished the season batting .284 with 24 home runs and a career-high 109 RBI in 150 games. Cuddyer finished second on the Twins in RBI and third in home runs.

On January 25, 2008, Cuddyer re-signed with the Twins with a three-year $24 million contract, with a $10.5 million club option for 2011.

On April 4, 2008, Cuddyer dislocated his right index finger after sliding headfirst into third base. He also suffered a laceration on the knuckle after getting stepped on by Kansas City Royals left fielder Alex Gordon. He was put on the 15-day disabled list the next day, and was activated on April 25 against the Texas Rangers. On his second game after being activated, Cuddyer hit a three-run home run off Rangers' Scott Feldman, his first of the 2008 season.

On May 22, 2009, Cuddyer hit for the cycle in a game against the Milwaukee Brewers. Three months later, on August 23, 2009, Cuddyer hit two home runs in the same inning, the seventh inning of the Twins' game against the Kansas City Royals, becoming the 53rd player in Major League Baseball to accomplish this feat. He is the only player in major league history to have performed both offensive rarities in the same baseball season. During September and October 2009, Cuddyer moved back into the infield playing first base filling in for Justin Morneau. For the 2009 season, he batted .276 with a career-high 32 home runs and 94 RBI in 153 games.

Cuddyer returned to the outfield at the start of the 2010 season, but also found playing time at first and third base. He batted .271 with 14 home runs and 81 RBI in 157 games that season.

On July 3, 2011, Cuddyer was named an All-Star for the first time as a managers' pick. On July 25, Cuddyer became the first Twins position player to pitch in a game in 21 years when he was inserted in the eighth inning of a Twins loss against the Texas Rangers, in which they lost 20–6. The right-hander gave up a double to Mike Napoli, a bloop single to Mitch Moreland, and walked Ian Kinsler with one out to load the bases. Cuddyer then retired Elvis Andrus on a fly ball and David Murphy on a pop-up for a scoreless inning. The last Twins position player to pitch was outfielder John Moses against the California Angels on July 31, 1990.

### Colorado Rockies

On December 16, 2011, Cuddyer signed a three-year, $31.5 million deal with the Colorado Rockies. He chose to wear number 3 in order to honor Hall of Famer Harmon Killebrew, with whom he had grown close within the Twins organization before Killebrew's death.

In 2013, Cuddyer set a personal best with a 27-game hitting streak, the longest in Rockies history to that point. Cuddyer was also named an All-Star for the second time in his career. Cuddyer finished the 2013 regular season with a .331 batting average, 20 home runs and 84 RBI in 130 games. He won the National League batting title by 10 points over Atlanta's Chris Johnson, the first batting title of his career. Cuddyer had never hit above .300 in a season prior to winning the batting title; his previous career-high was .284.

On August 17, 2014, Cuddyer again hit for the cycle, becoming the 30th player to hit for the cycle more than once and just the third player in history, after John Olerud and Bob Watson, to hit for the cycle in both the American and National Leagues. Cuddyer was the only player to hit for the cycle during the 2014 season.

### New York Mets

Cuddyer signed a two-year contract with the New York Mets on November 10, 2014, worth $21 million. On July 24, 2015, Cuddyer was put on the 15 day disabled list due to a bone bruise in his left knee. He was activated on August 10. In 117 games with the Mets in 2015, Cuddyer batted .259 with 10 home runs and 41 RBI. He appeared in the first World Series of his career, but the team would lose the series in five games to the Kansas City Royals.

On December 11, 2015, Cuddyer announced his retirement via an article on *The Players' Tribune* titled "Play Hard and Dream Big".

### Career statistics

In 1536 games over 15 seasons, Cuddyer posted a .277 batting average (1,522-for-5,488) with 809 runs, 333 doubles, 42 triples, 197 home runs, 794 RBI, 75 stolen bases, 527 bases on balls, .344 on-base percentage and .461 slugging percentage. He finished his career with a .986 fielding percentage playing at all three outfield positions and first, second and third base. In 28 postseason games, he hit .306 (26-for-85) with five runs, two home runs and 8 RBI.

## Coaching

On February 22, 2023, Cuddyer was named head manager of the United States national under-18 baseball team which he had played in 1996-07, leading the current team for the U-18 Baseball World Cup in Tainan, Taiwan.

## Personal life

Michael is the son of Henry Cuddyer and Marcia Harris. He has a younger sister named Katie. He married Claudia Rente, an English teacher, on November 11, 2006. Their son was born on June 20, 2008, and fraternal twin daughters were born on December 6, 2011. They reside in Chesapeake, Virginia.

Due to a childhood virus, Cuddyer has been deaf in his left ear since he was 11 years old. However, he insists that his partial deafness has never interfered with his ability to hear teammates on the field and he does not view himself as hearing impaired.

## InfoBox

| Michael Cuddyer | |
| --- | --- |
| Cuddyer with the Minnesota Twins in 2007 | |
| **Right fielder** | |
| **Born:**  (1979-03-27) March 27, 1979<br>Norfolk, Virginia, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| September 23, 2001, for the Minnesota Twins | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| October 3, 2015, for the New York Mets | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .277 |
| Home runs | 197 |
| Runs batted in | 794 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
| Medals      Men's baseball  Representing  United States  World Junior Baseball Championship  1996 Sancti Spíritus  Team | |


title: Marineo

abstract: Marineo is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Palermo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,885 and an area of 33.3 square kilometres (12.9 sq mi).

text:
# Marineo

**Marineo** (Sicilian: ***Marineu***) is a *comune* (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Palermo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,885 and an area of 33.3 square kilometres (12.9 sq mi).

## Geography

Marineo borders the following municipalities: Bolognetta, Cefalà Diana, Godrano, Mezzojuso, Misilmeri, Monreale, Santa Cristina Gela and Villafrati.

## Demographics

## Main sights

The town of Marineo lies in the Eleuterio river valley, at the foot of a rock, just outside the Ficuzza wood. The 17th century Mother church of San Ciro (featuring an outstanding shrine containing the remains of the patron saint), the Madonna Dajna Sanctuary (1583) and the remains of the Castle. The Archeological Museum contains findings from the Eleuterio valley. Going further down the Scanzano valley, and move along the edge of the Cappelliere wood and the shore of the Scanzano artificial lake, all the way to the natural ramparts of Rocca Busambra, rising out of a vast oak wood.

## Culture

Major events include the Dimostranza di San Ciro, a folk pantomime taking place every four years in August, and the Cunnutta, a parade of pious people on horseback to celebrate the patron saint. In September, an important international poetry contest takes place.

Media related to Marineo at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Marineo | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Marineo | |
|  | |
| Marineo within the Province of Palermo | |
| Location of Marineo | |
| MarineoLocation of Marineo in ItalyMarineoMarineo (Sicily) | |
| Coordinates: 37°57′N 13°25′E / 37.950°N 13.417°E / 37.950; 13.417 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Sicily |
| Metropolitan city | Palermo (PA) |
| Area | |
| Total | 33.3 km2 (12.9 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 550 m (1,800 ft) |
| Population (Dec. 2004) | |
| Total | 6,885 |
| Density | 210/km2 (540/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Marinesi |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 90035 |
| Dialing code | 091 |


title: Middle Atlantic Athletic Association

abstract:
The Middle Atlantic Athletic Association formation date is unknown. An article suggests the M3A was formed in 1931–32. This association or what now are known as "conferences" was able to bring together several historically black colleges from middle eastern states to compete for titles in all sports. The Baltimore Afro-American, an African American newspaper features several articles with the teams from the M3A. It includes scores, championship and information pertaining to the schools. The schools that made up this conference were:
  - Bowie Normal School
  - Bordentown School
  - Downingtown Industrial and Agricultural School (Downies)
  - Princess Anne Academy (Trojans)
  - Delaware State College (Hornets)
  - Cheyney State Normal School
  - Storer College

text:
# Middle Atlantic Athletic Association

The **Middle Atlantic Athletic Association** (**MAAA** or **M3A**) formation date is unknown (circa early 1930s). An article suggests the M3A was formed in 1931–32. This association or what now are known as "conferences" was able to bring together several historically black colleges from middle eastern states to compete for titles in all sports. The *Baltimore Afro-American*, an African American newspaper features several articles with the teams from the M3A. It includes scores, championship and information pertaining to the schools. The schools that made up this conference were:

## Football champions


abstract:
The National Maritime Intelligence-Integration Office (NMIO) is a United States Navy entity which promotes and facilitates intelligence sharing between the Navy and various federal, state, and local authorities, private companies, and foreign governments. The NMIO was established in January 2009 by Intelligence Community Directive 902, following guidance from the 9/11 Commission, and subsequent passage of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act. The office is located in the National Maritime Intelligence Center (NMIC) in Suitland, Maryland. The NMIO's stated mission is to:
Advance maritime intelligence integration, information sharing, and domain awareness to foster unity of effort for decision advantage that protects the United States, its allies, and partners against threats in or emanating from the global maritime domain. While administered by the Navy, the office is overseen by the Director of National Intelligence; this is currently Avril Haines. As of August 2023, the Director of the NMIO is Rear Admiral Michael A. Brookes, USN.

text:
# National Maritime Intelligence-Integration Office

The **National Maritime Intelligence-Integration Office** **(NMIO)** is a United States Navy entity which promotes and facilitates intelligence sharing between the Navy and various federal, state, and local authorities, private companies, and foreign governments. The NMIO was established in January 2009 by Intelligence Community Directive 902, following guidance from the 9/11 Commission, and subsequent passage of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act. The office is located in the National Maritime Intelligence Center (NMIC) in Suitland, Maryland.

The NMIO's stated mission is to:

> Advance maritime intelligence integration, information sharing, and domain awareness to foster unity of effort for decision advantage that protects the United States, its allies, and partners against threats in or emanating from the global maritime domain.
>
> NMIO

While administered by the Navy, the office is overseen by the Director of National Intelligence; this is currently (as of August 2023) Avril Haines.

As of August 2023, the Director of the NMIO is Rear Admiral Michael A. Brookes, USN.

38°50′56″N 76°56′12″W / 38.84889°N 76.93667°W / 38.84889; -76.93667

## InfoBox

| National Maritime Intelligence-Integration Office | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Country | United States |
| Branch | Navy |
| Garrison/HQ | Suitland, MD, United States |
| Website | nmio.ise.gov |
| Commanders | |
| Director | Rear Admiral Michael A. Brookes, USN |


title: Thought I Was Dreaming

abstract: "Thought I Was Dreaming" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist Lawnie Wallace. It was released in 1996 as the second single from her debut album, Thought I Was Dreaming. It peaked at number 8 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in June 1996.

text:
# Thought I Was Dreaming

"**Thought I Was Dreaming**" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist Lawnie Wallace. It was released in 1996 as the second single from her debut album, *Thought I Was Dreaming*. It peaked at number 8 on the *RPM* Country Tracks chart in June 1996.

## Chart performance

| Chart (1996) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 8 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1996) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 76 |

## InfoBox

| "Thought I Was Dreaming" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Lawnie Wallace | |
| from the album  *Thought I Was Dreaming* | |
| Released | 1996 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 4:02 |
| Label | MCA |
| Songwriter(s) | Steve Earle
Greg Trooper |
| Producer(s) | J. K. Gulley |
| Lawnie Wallace singles chronology | |
| "Little Lies, Big Trouble"
(1995) "**Thought I Was Dreaming**"
(1996) "A Fine Line"
(1996) | |


title: Personal Preference

abstract: Personal Preference is a 1987 board game created by Donal Carlston that involves guessing the order in which a player prefers foods, activities, people, and other items compared to one another. The game was published by Broderbund in the United States, Playtoy Industries in Canada, and Parker Brothers International in Britain. An updated version by the original creator was launched on Kickstarter on May 1, 2023. The new version contains updated cultural references and new categories.

text:
# Personal Preference

**Personal Preference** is a 1987 board game created by Donal Carlston that involves guessing the order in which a player prefers foods, activities, people, and other items compared to one another. The game was published by Broderbund in the United States, Playtoy Industries in Canada, and Parker Brothers International in Britain.

An updated version by the original creator was launched on Kickstarter on May 1, 2023. The new version contains updated cultural references and new categories.

## Original 1987 Version

The game contains cards in four categories: Food & Drink, Activities, People, and Potpourri (miscellaneous). Each card has a photo or drawing on each side and text indicating what that side represents (e.g., chocolate éclairs, climbing a mountain, Harrison Ford, spy novels). Each round, one player draws four cards from one category, or one from each category, depending on the player's position on the board. Each card is placed in a colored quadrant of the board. The player then ranks these four items according to his or her preference using color-coded cards that are placed in an envelope. Next, other players (or teams) use numbered tiles to guess that player's order, and move forward one space for each correct guess when the order is revealed. If players choose to double a guess by placing a tile towards the center of the board, they move forward two spaces if correct and back one space if incorrect. Players take turns drawing and ranking cards until someone reaches the end of the board.

## Reviews


title: Pere Tarrés i Claret

abstract: Pere Tarrés i Claret was a Catholic doctor from Barcelona, who became a priest. Claret served as a doctor during the Spanish Civil War, and administered to the poor and to those who suffered from tuberculosis; he also co-established a clinic for those who could not afford adequate medical treatment. He was beatified by Pope John Paul II in Loreto on 5 September 2004.

text:
# Pere Tarrés i Claret

**Pere Tarrés i Claret** (30 May 1905 – 31 August 1950) was a Catholic doctor from Barcelona, who became a priest. Claret served as a doctor during the Spanish Civil War, and administered to the poor and to those who suffered from tuberculosis; he also co-established a clinic for those who could not afford adequate medical treatment.

He was beatified by Pope John Paul II in Loreto on 5 September 2004.

## Life

Pere Tarrés i Claret was born in 1905 in Manresa to Francesc Tarrés Puigdellívol and Carme Claret Masats; his two sisters Francesca and Maria later became nuns. As a child he helped the local chemist and store owner Josep Balaguer who encouraged the child to continue his studies in medicine. From the age of nine he studied with the Jesuits; he received Confirmation on 31 May 1910 and his First Communion on 1 May 1913.

He moved to Barcelona in October 1921 in order to prepare for his studies in medicine; it was there that he decided to become a medical practitioner with the sole aim of helping other people. On 12 March 1925 he gave his first lecture on medicine at the Moral and Instructive Centre de Gracia. His father died in July 1925 and his mother suffered a severe accident not long after that gave her a physical disability. On the occasion of Christmas 1927 he made a vow of chastity. During his period of studies he received spiritual direction from Jaume Serra who encouraged Claret to enter a particular Christian federation. In the 1930s he began to attend meetings of the Federation of Young Christians of Catalonia – upon Serra's advice – and soon became one of its most prominent of leaders. He later was made its president and was known for his openness to others' ideas and for his stark enthusiasm. He maintained frequent correspondence with several colleagues in the federation and later ascended to the post of vice-president of the federal council. In 1935 he was made an official of the new diocesan committee and was later made an official in the archdiocesan committee – he received the recommendation of the Cardinal Archbishop of Tarragona Francisco Vidal y Barraquer. Claret was also involved in work with the Catholic Action movement. In 1936 he graduated with a degree in medicine.

During the Spanish Civil War he lived as a "refugee" since anti-religious sentiment spread across the state. Tarrés administered the sacraments to those whom he could reach in secret. At the beginning of the war, he intervened in the preservation of the monastery of Montserrat. On 18 April 1936 he went to Montserrat for the spiritual exercises but was adjourned in July 1936 due to the onslaught of the conflict in the area. In May 1938 he was forced to enter the republican military as a medical aide and was stationed there for a total period of eight months until January 1939 and was even promoted to captain; while in service he wrote about the horrors of the conflict he witnessed in his "War Diary".

His experiences made him feel that God wanted him to be a "doctor of souls" and so he became a priest; he commenced his studies for the priesthood on 29 September 1939 in Barcelona. It was during his studies that his mother died in 1941 at the time he received the minor orders; he was elevated to the diaconate on 22 March 1942. Claret was ordained to the priesthood on 30 May 1942. Claret's secret for a fulfilling spiritual life was to possess a strong ardent devotion to the Eucharist and for filial love to the Mother of God. After his ordination he was made the parochial vicar of the parish of Sant Esteve Sesrovires and in 1943 was sent to the Pontifical University of Salamanca for theological studies; he entered on 13 November 1944. He earned his theological degree in 1944.

He co-established – with Dr. Gerrado Manresa – his own clinic dedicated to the Blessed Mother for the ill but in particular for those who suffered from tuberculosis; he also ensured that the clinic would be able to cater to those people who could not afford adequate medical treatment. His automobile became what he called his "instrument of work" as a means of evangelizing people.

He was diagnosed with lymphatic cancer on 17 May 1950 and so offered his suffering to God; he said that his death was a chance "to die in a continual act of love and suffering ... worthy of the Heavenly Father". He died in his clinic on 31 August 1950. His remains were re-located to the parish church of San Vicente de Sarria on 6 November 1975.

## Posthumous foundation

In 1985 the Archbishop of Barcelona Narcís Arnau founded the Foundation Pere Tarrés in honor of the late priest, a nonprofit devoted to charitable works.

## Beatification

The beatification process received the approval of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints on 19 June 1980 and so granted Claret the title Servant of God, initiating the first stage of the process. The diocesan process in Barcelona was opened in 1982 and closed on 25 April 1990 after almost a decade of collating documentation and investigating Claret's life. Documentation was sent to Rome on 26 March 1993 and received validation from Roman officials, allowing the submission of the Positio in 1997 in order for further investigations to begin.

The miracle required for his beatification was investigated in its diocese of origin in a process that spanned from 2 March 1990 until 29 October 1991; all documents and testimonies were submitted to Roman officials by 2000. The C.C.S approved the cause on 5 April 2005, allowing Pope John Paul II to proclaim Claret to be Venerable on 22 June 2004. He beatified Claret in Loreto on 5 September 2004. Dr. Silvia Mónica Correale is the current postulator of the cause for canonization.

In Manresa, there is a street dedicated to him in the Barri de Sant Pau where the Medical Association and the Neighborhood Association organize an act of recognition and remembrance to him every May 30 (his liturgical day).

## InfoBox

| Blessed
Pere Tarrès i Claret | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Priest | |
| Born | (1905-05-30)30 May 1905
Manresa, Barcelona, Kingdom of Spain |
| Died | 31 August 1950(1950-08-31) (aged 45)
Barcelona, Francoist Spain |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Beatified | 5 September 2004, Loreto, Italy by Pope John Paul II |
| Feast | 30 May |
| Attributes | Priest's cassock |


title: Jean Bamanisa Saïdi

abstract: Jean Bamanisa Saïdi is a Congolese businessman and politician who was governor of the former Orientale Province from 2013 to 2015 and governor of Ituri Province from 2019 to 2021.

text:
# Jean Bamanisa Saïdi

**Jean Bamanisa Saïdi** (born 7 April 1964) is a Congolese businessman and politician who was governor of the former Orientale Province from 2013 to 2015 and governor of Ituri Province from 2019 to 2021.

## Early years

Jean Bamanisa is the son of Alex Barlovatz, a doctor from Yugoslavia, and Violette Nyakato, who came from the Ituri region. Barlovatz moved to Kisangani in the 1930s, where he had a successful general medical practice. Bamanisa was born in 1964 in Kisangani. He went to university in Kisangani, then moved to Kinshasa. He established a building maintenance company named BAJE in 1987, and later created a subsidiary named PETRO BAJE that distributes petroleum products. He married Caroline Bemba, sister of the opposition leader Jean-Pierre Bemba.

## Political career

In the early 2000s Bamanisa entered politics. He was elected a member of the national assembly for Kisangani in 2006. He was friendly with President Joseph Kabila despite his ties by marriage to the opposition leader. In the 2012 election for governor of Orientale Province he won by 48 votes to 45. In 2013 his Barnet Group concluded a $230m agreement with the South African company PPC Ltd. to build a cement factory in Orientale.

Bamanisa became governor of Ituri Province on 21 May 2019. On 20 November 2019 the provincial deputies voted out Bamanisa Saidi and his government with a motion of no confidence, accusing him of mismanagement of the province and lack of respect to the deputies. On 7 February 2020 he was rehabilitated by the Constitutional Court. On 30 May 2020 he called for international troops to help restore peace. Over 300 people had been killed by fighters of the CODECO (Cooperative for the Development of Congo) militia group in the province in the last three months. MONUSCO, The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the DRC, was no longer intervening, but only acting as observers.

1. "Congo (Kinshasa) provinces". *Rulers*. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
2. Mthembu-Salter 2014.
3. Congo (Kinshasa) Provinces.
4. Ituri : Le Gouverneur Jean Bamanisa déchu.
5. Matendo 2020.
6. Quenum & Sandner 2020.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Jean Bamanisa Saïdi | |
| --- | --- |
| Saïdi in 2013 | |
|  | |
| Governor of Ituri Province | |
| **In office**
21 May 2019  6 May 2021 | |
| Preceded by | Pacifique Keta Upar (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Johnny Luboya Nkashama |
| Governor of Orientale Province | |
| **In office**
February 2013  October 2015 | |
| Preceded by | Ismaël Arama Ndiama (acting) |
| Succeeded by | (province dissolved) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1964-04-07) 7 April 1964
Kisangani |
| Nationality | Congolese |
| Occupation | Businessman, politician |
| Website | https://www.jeanbamanisa.com |
|  | |


title: Wingfield, Wiltshire

abstract: Wingfield is a small village and civil parish in the county of Wiltshire, England, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of Bradford-on-Avon and 2.2 miles (3.5 km) west of Trowbridge. The parish is bordered to the east by the Trowbridge urban area and to the west by the county of Somerset, where the River Frome forms most of the boundary. The secondary road from Bradford-on-Avon to Rode (Somerset) crosses the A366 from Trowbridge to Farleigh Hungerford near the centre of the parish, and most of the dwellings are near this junction.

text:
# Wingfield, Wiltshire

**Wingfield** is a small village and civil parish in the county of Wiltshire, England, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of Bradford-on-Avon and 2.2 miles (3.5 km) west of Trowbridge.

The parish is bordered to the east by the Trowbridge urban area and to the west by the county of Somerset, where the River Frome forms most of the boundary. The secondary road from Bradford-on-Avon to Rode (Somerset) crosses the A366 from Trowbridge to Farleigh Hungerford near the centre of the parish, and most of the dwellings are near this junction.

## History

Wingfield is mentioned in a charter of 954. Domesday Book in 1086 recorded a settlement named *Winefel* in Bradford hundred with 12 households and a mill, on land held by Geoffrey, bishop of Coutances. From at least the early 13th century until the Dissolution, Wingfield manor was linked to Keynsham Abbey. Thereafter the manor was granted to Thomas Bayley, whose heirs held it until 1647; the Wiltshire Victoria County History has an account of later owners.

The name "Winkfield" or "Winkfield with Rowley" was used in the 19th century. The Imperial Gazetteer in the 1870s has "Wingfield, or Winkfield, a parish, with Rowley tything". In 1934 the civil parish gained 532 acres on the abolition of Bradford Without parish, and a further 62 acres were transferred from Trowbridge.

### Wittenham and Rowley

A manor called Wittenham in the west of the present parish is mentioned in 1001, and in Domesday Book *Withenham* is also held by Geoffrey. Rowley was either an alternative name or a separate manor nearby. A church dedicated to St Nicholas was last mentioned in 1535. By 1428 the population was low, and Walter, Lord Hungerford of Farleigh Castle obtained permission to unite the ecclesiastical parish with that of Farleigh Hungerford. Today the location of Wittenham village is unknown; since 1777 the land has been part of the Iford estate.

## Notable buildings

Stowford Manor, a late 15th-century farmhouse with a three-gable front, is Grade II\* listed. Church Farmhouse, just north of the church, has 16th-century origins and was occupied continuously by the Baily family from the 17th century, according to the 1962 listed building record. The farmyard has a 17th-century cowshed. Midway Manor, a house in the north of the parish towards Bradford on Avon, was in the late 18th century the home of Henry Shrapnel, inventor of the Shrapnel shell.

Wingfield House, about half a mile north of the village beyond the crossroads on the Trowbridge – Farleigh Hungerford road, is a large building begun in the early 18th century. The original house has two storeys plus attic, and its five-bay west (garden) front has 12-pane windows and central semicircular niches. The property was bought in 1861 by Camille Caillard (1822–1898), a County Court judge. Substantial extensions in Tudor style by him and his descendants include a two-storey porch and a number of wings to the rear. The single-storey music room of 1899, to the north of the early house, is called a "good example of late C19" by Historic England and described as Arts and Crafts by Julian Orbach. Camille's son Vincent (1856–1930) was an army officer who was involved in diplomacy and international finance, and a director of companies including Vickers; around 1895 he bought most of the land in the parish.

Wingfield House was used as a hospital during the First World War, and in 1935 was donated to the Waifs and Strays Society by Bernard Caillard and his wife. It was requisitioned by the army during the Second World War, and soon after the end of the war was divided into four residences. In 2023, the original house was offered for sale at £1.3 million.

### Parish church

The Church of England parish church of St Mary, on the eastern edge of the village, is mostly in dressed limestone; it has a 15th-century tower with a stair-turret, a nave rebuilt in the 17th and 18th centuries and a chancel rebuilt in 1861. The church was designated as Grade II\* listed in 1962.

Parish registers from 1654 are held in the Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre, Chippenham. Today the church is part of the benefice of Bradford on Avon Holy Trinity, Westwood and Wingfield.

## Amenities

A National School was built in the village in 1852 and educated children of all ages until 1926. It became a Church of England school, and since 2009 has been a satellite of The Mead Community Primary School at Hilperton.

The village has a pub, the Poplars Inn.

## Local government

Wingfield is part of the Winsley and Westwood ward of Wiltshire Council, a unitary authority. This is represented by John Kidney (Conservative) who has held the position since May 2017. Wingfield has a parish council with five members.

## Notable people

Edward William Grinfield (1785–1864, biblical scholar) and Thomas De Quincey (1785–1859, writer) were educated at a private school at Wingfield, run by the rector.

Media related to Wingfield, Wiltshire at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Wingfield | |
| --- | --- |
| Cottages on the A366 | |
| WingfieldLocation within Wiltshire | |
| Population | 321 (in 2011) |
| OS grid reference | ST823567 |
| Civil parish | * Wingfield |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Ceremonial county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Trowbridge |
| Postcode district | BA14 |
| Dialling code | 01225 |
|  | |
| Police | Wiltshire |
| Fire | Dorset and Wiltshire |
| Ambulance | South Western |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
| Website | Parish Council |
|


title: Womb Ghosts

abstract: Womb Ghosts is a 2010 Hong Kong horror film directed and written by Dennis Law.

text:
# Womb Ghosts

***Womb Ghosts*** (simplified Chinese: 恶胎; traditional Chinese: 惡胎) is a 2010 Hong Kong horror film directed and written by Dennis Law.

## Plot

A dead fetus lives on after death inside a woman's body, existing as a Womb Ghost. Unnatural termination of such life will turn the baby into the evilest and most vicious kind of spirit.

The plot takes place mainly in a mental hospital where the women who are being impregnated mysteriously. When a young inmate had a miscarriage, the doctors tried to remove the dead fetus inside her.

Little did they know that a horrifying outcome is just one of many things that haunts their mental hospital, a non-stop horror experience where haunting begins when life ends… Only one answer can be given to the existence of such an ungodly creature, the Womb Ghost.

## Cast

## Release

The film was released on 18 March 2010 in Hong Kong. *Womb Ghosts* debuted as the eighth highest-grossing film for the weekend on its premiere. The next week, it charted at ninth place. The film has grossed $211,004 in Hong Kong.

## Reception

Twitch Film gave the film a generally favorable review while noting that "others will simply see this as another boring Asian ghost flick and it's difficult to contradict them. Even though the film is visually attractive, boasts a solid soundtrack and some decent acting, it's really not all that different from its peers." Film Business Asia gave a rating of four out of ten, stating that *Womb Ghosts* "has some squirmy moments but is shackled by a confused script."

## InfoBox

| Womb Ghosts | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Dennis Law |
| Written by | Dennis Law |
| Produced by | Dennis Law |
| Starring | Chrissie Chau
Lam Suet
Koni Lui
Lai Lok-yi |
| Cinematography | Edmond Fung |
| Edited by | Yau Chi-wai |
| Music by | Tommy Wai |
| Distributed by | Point of View Movie Production Co. Ltd. |
| Release date | * 18 March 2010 (2010-03-18) |
| Running time | 88 minutes |
| Country | Hong Kong |
| Language | Cantonese |


title: Womb (album)

abstract: Womb is the third studio album by Canadian electronic music duo Purity Ring. It was released through 4AD on April 3, 2020. It was preceded by the lead single "Stardew". The duo was scheduled to tour North America in support of the album from May to September 2020, but it was postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 lockdowns.

text:
# Womb (album)

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 72/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Exclaim!* | 7/10 |
| *Pitchfork* | 7.3/10 |
| Clash |  |

***Womb*** (stylized in all caps) is the third studio album by Canadian electronic music duo Purity Ring. It was released through 4AD on April 3, 2020. It was preceded by the lead single "Stardew". The duo was scheduled to tour North America in support of the album from May to September 2020, but it was postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 lockdowns.

## Background

Prior to the announcement of the album, the duo launched a website containing a hidden maze that revealed the song "Pink Lightning". A press release stated that the album "chronicles a quest for comfort and the search for a resting place in a world where so much is beyond our control".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Corin Roddick and Megan James. "Peacefall" co-written by Jonas Bjerre

*Womb* track listing
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Rubyinsides" | 3:33 |
| 2. | "Pink Lightning" | 4:14 |
| 3. | "Peacefall" | 4:16 |
| 4. | "I Like the Devil" | 2:55 |
| 5. | "Femia" | 3:07 |
| 6. | "Sinew" | 3:11 |
| 7. | "Vehemence" | 3:47 |
| 8. | "Silkspun" | 3:35 |
| 9. | "Almanac" | 3:13 |
| 10. | "Stardew" | 4:06 |
| Total length: | | 35:57 |

**Note**

## Personnel

**Purity Ring**

**Additional personnel**

## Charts

Sales chart performance for *Womb*
| Chart (2020) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 77 |
| US *Billboard* 200 | 195 |
| US Top Alternative Albums (*Billboard*) | 23 |
| US Top Dance/Electronic Albums (*Billboard*) | 1 |

## InfoBox

| Womb | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Purity Ring | |
| Released | April 3, 2020 (2020-04-03) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 35:57 |
| Label | 4AD |
| Producer | * Corin Roddick * Megan James |
| Purity Ring chronology | |
| *Another Eternity*
(2015) ***Womb***
(2020) *Graves*
(2022) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Womb* | |
| 1. "Stardew"
Released: February 18, 2020 | |
|  | |


title: Wizard of Oz Museum

abstract: The Wizard of Oz Museum is located in Cape Canaveral, Florida, and features a large collection of Wizard of Oz memorabilia. It is a 4,500 square foot facility housing over 3,000 artifacts; of note the first known published copy of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz signed by L. Frank Baum, an August 1938 copy of the 1939 MGM movie script, a waist-length reddish fox-raccoon jacket owned by Judy Garland, monogrammed with her initials JG, and an oil painting by artist Natalia Babi of China Girl from the 2013 Disney movie Oz the Great and Powerful. The facility also includes a gift shop, and a large room with 31 projectors featuring both the Van Gogh Experience, and a Wizard of Oz immersive experience.

text:
# Wizard of Oz Museum

The ***Wizard of Oz* Museum** is located in Cape Canaveral, Florida, and features a large collection of Wizard of Oz memorabilia. It is a 4,500 square foot facility housing over 3,000 artifacts; of note the first known published copy of *The Wonderful Wizard of Oz* signed by L. Frank Baum, an August 1938 copy of the 1939 MGM movie script, a waist-length reddish fox-raccoon jacket owned by Judy Garland, monogrammed with her initials JG, and an oil painting by artist Natalia Babi of China Girl from the 2013 Disney movie *Oz the Great and Powerful*. The facility also includes a gift shop, and a large room with 31 projectors featuring both the Van Gogh Experience, and a Wizard of Oz immersive experience.

## InfoBox

The Wizard of Oz Museum
| Location within Florida | |
| --- | --- |
| Established | 2022 |
| Location | 7099 North Atlantic Avenue<br>Cape Canaveral, Florida |
| Coordinates | 28°23′32″N 80°36′28″W / 28.3922182°N 80.6077132°W / 28.3922182; -80.6077132 |
| Type | Children’s, Culture, History, |
| Curator | Fred Trust |
| Website | wizardofozflorida.com |


title: Wolfgang Kilian

abstract: Wolfgang Kilian was a German engraver and member of the Kilian family of engravers in Augsburg.

text:
# Wolfgang Kilian

**Wolfgang Kilian** (10 May 1581 – 1662) was a German engraver and member of the Kilian family of engravers in Augsburg.

## Biography

He was the son of Bartholomaus Kilian the elder and Maria Pfeiffelmann. After his father's death in 1583, his mother remarried Dominicus Custos and he and his brother Lucas became his pupils.

From 1604 to 1608, he travelled in Italy and worked in Venice, Mantua, and Milan. On his return, he married and continued in the family workshop. He was the father of the engravers Bartholomaus the younger and Philipp.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Wolfgang Kilian | |
| --- | --- |
| Wolfgang Kilian, by Georg Christoph Kilian | |
| Born | 10 May 1581
Augsburg |
| Died | 1662 (aged 8081)
Augsburg |
| Known for | Engraving |
| Family | Kilian family |


title: Wolfgang Kieling

abstract: Wolfgang Kieling was a German actor.

text:
# Wolfgang Kieling

**Wolfgang Kieling** (16 March 1924 – 7 October 1985) was a German actor.

## Biography

In films since childhood in his native Germany, Kieling appeared in a few American films, notably in Alfred Hitchcock's *Torn Curtain* (1966), where he played Gromek, an East German agent brutally slain by Paul Newman's character. He also played Gromek's brother in a scene that was deleted from the final print.

Kieling had a small role in  (aka, *The Heist*, 1971), starring Warren Beatty. In a British film, *Amsterdam Affair* (1968), he portrayed the fictional Dutch detective Van der Valk several years before Barry Foster (another Hitchcock alumnus) was cast in the same role for the British TV series. He did much work on West German TV, including the first episode of *Derrick* ("Waldweg", 1974). The best of his later roles was in the film *Out of Order* (1984), originally titled *Abwärts*.

Early on, Kieling also became a dubbing actor for West German dubs of foreign films, serving as the standard dubbing voice of Glenn Ford, Frank Sinatra (in his 1950s films), and he also dubbed Charlton Heston in the first part of the *Planet of the Apes* franchise. In Disneys *Alice in Wonderland*, he dubbed the Mad Hatter. Thanks to his voice's similarity to that of Gert Günther Hoffmann, he would also replace Hoffmann as the dubbing voice of Paul Newman when Hoffmann was not available. On TV, he was especially known as the German voice of Bert (see Bert and Ernie) from *Sesame Street* up until his death in 1985.

During World War II, Kieling was conscripted into the German Army in 1942, where he was severely wounded and captured in 1945. He was held in a Russian POW camp until 1949, during which he organized plays at various prison camps.

In October 1952, his wife Jola Jobst (ex-wife of German Luftwaffe ace Hermann Graf), whom he had married in 1950, committed suicide.

In March 1968, he moved from West Germany to East Germany because of West German support for the United States, which he became disillusioned with after witnessing the Watts riots firsthand during the filming of *Torn Curtain*. After defecting, he called the United States "the most dangerous enemy of humanity in the world today" with its "crimes against the Negro and the people of Vietnam".

## Selected filmography

### Child actor

### Actor

## InfoBox

| Wolfgang Kieling | |
| --- | --- |
| Wolfgang Kieling (and his daughter), 20 March 1968 | |
| Born | (1924-03-16)16 March 1924
Berlin, Germany |
| Died | 7 October 1985(1985-10-07) (aged 61)
Hamburg, West Germany |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1936–1985 |
| Spouse(s) | Jola Jobst (1950–1952) (her death)
Gisela Uhlen (1952–1957) (divorced) (1 child)
Monika Gabriel (1969–1975) (divorced) |