abstract: The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS) is a semi-structured interview aimed at early diagnosis of affective disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder. There are different versions of the test that have use different versions of diagnostic criteria, cover somewhat different diagnoses and use different rating scales for the items. All versions are structured to include interviews with both the child and the parents or guardians, and all use a combination of screening questions and more comprehensive modules to balance interview length and thoroughness. The K-SADS serves to diagnose childhood mental disorders in school-aged children 6–18. The different adaptations of the K-SADS were written by different researchers and are used to screen for many affective and psychotic disorders. Versions of the K-SADS are semi-structured interviews administered by health care providers or highly trained clinical researchers, which gives more flexibility to the interviewer about how to phrase and probe items, while still covering a consistent set of disorders. Due to its semi-structured interview format, time to complete the administration varies based on the youth/adult being interviewed. Most versions of the K-SADS also include "probes", if these are endorsed, another diagnostic category will be reviewed. If the probe is not endorsed, additional symptoms for that particular disorder will not be queried. The K-SADS has been found to be reliable and valid in multiple research and treatment settings.

text:
# Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia

The **Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia** (**K-SADS**) is a semi-structured interview aimed at early diagnosis of affective disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder. There are different versions of the test that have use different versions of diagnostic criteria, cover somewhat different diagnoses and use different rating scales for the items. All versions are structured to include interviews with both the child and the parents or guardians, and all use a combination of screening questions and more comprehensive modules to balance interview length and thoroughness.

The K-SADS serves to diagnose childhood mental disorders in school-aged children 6–18. The different adaptations of the K-SADS were written by different researchers and are used to screen for many affective and psychotic disorders. Versions of the K-SADS are semi-structured interviews administered by health care providers or highly trained clinical researchers, which gives more flexibility to the interviewer about how to phrase and probe items, while still covering a consistent set of disorders. Due to its semi-structured interview format, time to complete the administration varies based on the youth/adult being interviewed. Most versions of the K-SADS also include "probes", if these are endorsed, another diagnostic category will be reviewed. If the probe is not endorsed, additional symptoms for that particular disorder will not be queried.

The K-SADS has been found to be reliable and valid in multiple research and treatment settings.

## Versions

### KSADS-Present Version (KSADS-P)

The KSADS-P was the first version of the K-SADS, developed by Chambers and Puig-Antich in 1978 as a version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia adapted for use with children and adolescents 6–19 years old. This version rephrased the SADS to make the wording of the questionnaire pertain to a younger age group. For example, mania symptoms in children might be manifest differently than in adulthood (e.g., children might have not have the same opportunity to spend money impulsively, nor would they likely have access to credit cards or checking accounts; instead, they might give away all their favorite toys or empty their parent's wallet to gain spending money). The KSADS-P is a structured interview given by trained clinicians or clinical researchers who interview both the child and the parent. This original version assesses symptoms that have occurred in the most current episode (within the week preceding the interview), as well as symptoms that have occurred within the last 12 months. The KSADS-P has many limitations: it does not assess lifetime symptoms and history, does not include many psychiatric diagnoses of interest in childhood (such as autistic spectrum disorders), and does not include diagnosis specific impairment ratings.

### KSADS-Present and Lifetime Version (KSADS-PL)

The **K-SADS-PL** is used to screen for affective and psychotic disorders as well as other disorders, including, but not limited to Major Depressive Disorder, Mania, Bipolar Disorders, Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Generalized Anxiety, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. This semi-structured interview takes 45–75 minutes to administer. It was written by Joan Kaufman, Boris Birmaher, David Brent, Uma Rao, and Neal Ryan. The majority of items in the K-SADS-PL are scored using a 0–3 point rating scale. Scores of 0 indicate no information is available; scores of 1 suggest the symptom is not present; scores of 2 indicate sub-threshold presentation and scores of 3 indicate threshold presentation of symptoms. The KSADS-PL has six components:

Unstructured Introductory Interview – Developmental History The first part of the interview asks about developmental history and the history of the presenting problem. The interviewer takes detailed notes on the record sheet. Prompts cover basic demographic information, physical and mental health history and prior treatments, current complaints, and the youth’s relations with friends, family, school, and hobbies. This section allows flexibility for the interviewer to collect more information on questions that need elaboration. Diagnostic Screening Interview The diagnostic screening interview reviews the most severe current and past symptoms. There are probes and scoring criteria for each symptom presented. Symptoms of disorders are grouped into modules. If the patient does not display any current or past symptoms for the screening questions, then the rest of the module's questions do not need to be asked. Completion Checklist Supplement A supplemental checklist is used to screen for additional disorders. Appropriate Diagnostic Supplements These supplements review presence/absence of symptoms for other disorders, including anxiety disorders, behavioral disorders, and substance abuse. Summary Lifetime Diagnosis Checklist Based on the previous sections, this section summarizes which disorders have been present from first episode to now. Children's Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS) Scores the child’s level of functioning.

### KSADS-Epidemiological (KSADS-E)

The **KSADS-E**, which is the epidemiological version of the KSADS, is a tool to interview parents about possible psychopathology in children from preschool onward. It was developed by Puig-Antich, Orvaschel, Tabrizi, and Chambers in 1980 as a structured interview. The tool examines both past and current episodes, focusing on the most severe past episode and the most current episode. However, this tool does not rate symptom severity; it should only be used to assess presence or absence of symptomatology. This version of the K-SADS introduced screening questions, which, if negative, allowed skipping the remaining diagnostic probes. Furthermore, the K-SADS-E also includes “skip out” criteria when assessing other diagnostic disorders (ADHD, PTSD, etc.), allowing those that screen positive to immediately be interviewed for all of the symptoms regarding that diagnosis, and those that screened negative could “skip out” of being interviewed on the remaining symptoms.

### WASH-U-KSADS

The WASH-U version of the K-SADS was written by Barbara Geller and colleagues in 1996. It is a modified version of the 1986 K-SADS. This version is like many other versions of the K-SADS in that it is semi-structured, administered by clinicians to both parent and child separately, and assesses present episodes. However, this version specifically expands the mania section in order to be more applicable to pre-pubertal mania. In particular, it queries presence/absence of rapid cycling. It also includes a section on multiple other DSM-IV diagnoses, and examines both present and lifetime symptoms as well as symptom onset and offset items. These modifications made this specific version particularly useful for phenomenology studies.

### KSADS-PL-Plus and KSADS-PLW

Two large grants funded by the National Institute of Mental Health combined modules of the KSADS-PL and the WASH-U-KSADS. Specifically, both projects used the depression and mania modules of the WASH-U version, combined with the rest of the modules of the PL. The few questions that the PL included about depression or mania that were not already part of the corresponding WASH-U module were added, as well, and a written map for converting item scores was included in the first grant proposal—before data collection. This provided a cross-walk so that the items and diagnoses produced using the hybrid interview would be fully compatible with data produced by other projects using the standard PL or WASH-U versions.

### KSADS-5

With the release of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-5), a team of authors completed a major revision of the KSADS. The updated version is intended to be fully aligned with DSM-5, and includes changes in symptoms and organization of symptoms (e.g., in the trauma section, with post-traumatic stress disorder), changes in the diagnostic summary criteria (e.g., adding mixed hypomania and mixed depression to the mood disorders sections), and changes in the diagnostic labels (e.g., renaming "Not Otherwise Specified" disorders "Other Specified and Related Disorders). Notably, it also added a module on pervasive developmental disorders, with coverage of autistic spectrum and related disorders, and the DMDD diagnosis (which was not adopted in the later 11th revision of the World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases, ICD-11). The KSADS-5 continues to be distributed online, free for use by private clinicians and nonprofit organizations. It is also readily available for use in industry-sponsored trials.

### KSADS-COMP

Through a series of NIH grants, three web-based KSADS-COMP assessment tools were created: 1) a clinician-administered version; 2) youth self-administered version with videoclips to facilitate completion; and 3) a parent/caregiver self-administered version. The KSADS-COMPs maintained the structure of the KSADS-PL interview described above, assess about ~50 DSM-5 psychiatric diagnoses, and provides ICD-10 diagnostic codes.

The web-based KSADS-COMPs have many advantages over the paper-and-pencil versions of the scale, including: 1) Administration time of the clinician-administered interview is cut in half, clinician-training time is less, and there is much greater inter-rater reliability in scoring individual symptoms; 2) The self-administered versions of the KSADS-COMP can be completed independently in-person or remotely; 3) The KSADS-COMPs have automated selection of supplements and automated scoring and algorithms for generating diagnoses; 4) The KSADS-COMPs generate categorical diagnoses and dimensional symptom ratings; 5) Symptom level and diagnostic reports are available in real time; and 6) There are automated data capture features. The KSADS-COMP is currently available in English, Spanish, Korean, Dutch, and Danish, and several other translations are currently under development. For further information or to try a KSADS-COMP demo go to www.ksads-comp.com.

### KSADS Mania Rating Scale (KMRS) and Depression Rating Scale (KDRS)

It also is possible to use the items in the mania and depression modules of some versions of the KSADS to get an interview-based rating of the severity of mood problems. The KMRS and KDRS use a 1 to 6 rating format (the same as in the WASH-U, -P, and PL-Plus versions). Adding up the items provides a measure of the total symptom burden. The KMRS assess 21 symptoms related to mania, hypomania, and rapid cycling. Each item is rated on a 0-6 rating scale. Scores of 0 suggest no information is available (missing data); scores of 1 suggest the symptom is not present at all; scores of 2 suggest the symptom is slightly present; scores of 3 suggest the symptom is mildly severe; scores of 4 suggest the symptom is moderately severe; scores of 5 suggest the symptom is severe; and scores of 6 suggest the symptom is extremely severe. Items with scores of 4 or higher are clinically significant/problematic. Trained clinicians or clinical researchers administer the assessment to both the child and the parent, which each provide their own separate score for each item (P and C), and the total score encompasses the sum of all of the items (S).

The KMRS is an alternative the Mania Rating Scale designed by Young et al. (frequently referred to as the YMRS). The YMRS is more well-known and widely used, but because it was written in 1978, it does not include all of the symptoms of mania from ICD-9 or ICD-10 (nor DSM-IV or DSM-5), as it predated them all. The YMRS was also designed for completion by nurses at the end of their eight-hour shift on an inpatient unit, observing adult patients. The KMRS has several advantages in comparison: It covers all the symptoms used in current versions of ICD and DSM, it was designed for use with children and teenagers, and it was written and validated as an interview. Studies have found excellent internal consistency and inter-rater reliability, as well as exceptionally high correlation with the YMRS. Similarly, the KDRS would be analogous to the Child Depression Rating Scale-Revised. The CDRS-R was also designed to be done as an interview, but the item content predates the current ICD and DSM and omits some important symptoms. The KDRS also shows strong reliability (internal consistency and inter-rater) and exceptionally high correlations with the KDRS.

**Links to Scales**

K-SADS Depression Rating Scale & K-SADS Mania Rating Scale

Kiddie Mania Rating Scale Follow-Up

## Development and history

The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children, or K-SADS, was originally created as an adapted version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, a measure for adults. The K-SADS was written by Chambers, Puig-Antich, et al. in the late 1970s. The K-SADS was developed to promote earlier diagnosis of affective disorders and schizophrenia in children in a way that incorporates reports by both the child and parent and a “summary score” by the interviewer based on observations and teacher ratings.

The first version of the K-SADS differed from other tests on children because it relied on answers to interview questions rather than observances during games and interactions. The 1990s led to the creation of different versions of the K-SADS for different purposes, such as ascertaining lifetime diagnoses (K-SADS-E) or focusing on current episodes (K-SADS-P).

## Impact

The K-SADS is used to measure previous and current symptoms of affective, anxiety, psychotic, and disruptive behavior disorders. The K-SADS has become one of the most widely used diagnostic interviews in research, particular for projects focused on mood disorders.

The K-SADS-PL has been written and translated into over 30 different languages, including Korean, Hebrew, Turkish, Icelandic, and Persian. The K-SADS-PL is also available in several Indian dialects including Kannada, Marathi, Tamil and Telugu.

## Limitations

One limitation of the K-SADS is that it requires extensive training to give properly, including observation techniques, score calibration, and re-checks to test inter-rater reliability.

## External resources

PDFs of the KSADS-5 are available from the Child and Adolescent Bipolar Services clinic at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. They have the KSADS, KMRS, KDRS, and other tools they helped develop linked here.

The KSADS-5 is a set of modules. Not every patient requires every module—the screen and summary diagnostic checklists would be the minimum. However, all seven pieces should be available for any given interview.

KSADS-PL DSM 5 Screen Interview

Supplement #1 Depressive and Bipolar Related Disorders

Supplement #2 Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Supplement #3 Anxiety, Obsessive Compulsive, and Trauma-Related Disorders

Supplement #4 Neurodevelopmental, Disruptive, and Conduct Disorders

Supplement #5 Eating Disorders and Substance-Related Disorders

Summary Diagnostic Checklists

The computer-assisted version is commercially distributed here.

**Links to Severity Scales**

K-SADS Depression Rating Scale & K-SADS Mania Rating Scale

Kiddie Mania Rating Scale Follow-Up

## InfoBox

| Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia | |
| --- | --- |
| Purpose | early diagnosis of affective disorders |


title: Hardin, Arkansas

abstract: Hardin is an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States. It is located on U.S. Highway 270, 4.6 miles (7.4 km) west-northwest of White Hall.

text:
# Hardin, Arkansas

**Hardin** is an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States. It is located on U.S. Highway 270, 4.6 miles (7.4 km) west-northwest of White Hall.

## Education

Residents are in the Pine Bluff School District. It is in a non-continuous part of the district, separated from the rest by the White Hall School District. Students are zoned to Park/Greenville School for preschool, James Matthews Elementary School, Robert F. Morehead Middle School, and Dollarway High School.

Hardin previously had its own school district: it had elementary and junior high school levels, grades 1–9, in a two building facility, with one building newer than the other. The district paid for high school students to attend other schools. The district also had a residence for teachers. The school was reserved for white children. A fire destroyed the more recent building in either 1947 or 1948. A legal document stated "At that time the District was probably under some pressure to merge into a larger district" and that the fact that the Dollarway School District sent high school students to Pine Bluff High School of the Pine Bluff School District is possibly why the Hardin district chose to merge into the Dollarway district instead of an adjacent district. The building destroyed by fire was not rebuilt. Dollarway annexed the Hardin school district in 1948.

Hardin Elementary remained as its own school. By the mid-20th century in the Dollarway district, black students in the district attended area black schools for black children and continued to Pine Bluff School District's Merrill High School while white students had a choice between Pine Bluff High School in the Pine Bluff district, Watson Chapel High School in the Watson Chapel School District, and White Hall High School in the White Hall district. Four schools for black children combined into Townsend Park Elementary in 1951. In 1952 a junior high building in the Dollarway complex for white children opened. In 1955 the district opened a high school for black children, Townsend Park High School, and in 1957 it opened Dollarway High School for white children, partly because in 1955 the Pine Bluff district stopped taking Dollarway students.

Hardin Elementary closed in 1964. A legal document stated "that building or its facilities came in need of substantial repairs or renovations which the District was unwilling or unable to make". Pinecrest Elementary School had opened in 1961 to take overflow students from the Hardin area.

In the late 1960s the Hardin area had 270 students at Dollarway schools, with five of them being black.

Some Hardin parents advocated for re-separating the Hardin school district; on September 11, 1969, they voted to leave the Dollarway district, with the county board of education making a move to change funding. The vote to separate was on a narrow margin. However the US District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas blocked the split on the grounds that it was interfering with desegregation efforts as those were based upon the Hardin are staying in the district; the court stated that Hardin could split again once desegregation efforts ended. John B. Pickhardt, an alumnus of University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, wrote that opposition to being in Dollarway had built up over decades partly due to the 1964 closure of the Hardin school and partly because the Dollarway board of education chose not to appoint anybody from Hardin to vill a vacancy, even though the perception elsewhere in the district was that Hardin residents did not want racially integrated schools.

In 1969 Townsend Park High consolidated into Dollarway High, with junior high levels also combined into Dollarway Junior High. Elementary schools were consolidated in 1970, with grades 1–2 at Dollarway Elementary, grade 3 at Pinecrest, and grades 4–6 at Townsend Park elementary.

In December 2020 the Arkansas State Board of Education ruled that the Dollarway School District should merge into the Pine Bluff School District as of July 1, 2021; the post-merger school district is to operate all existing schools from both districts. Accordingly, the attendance boundary maps of the respective schools remained the same for the 2021–2022 school year, and all DSD territory became a part of the PBSD territory. The exception was with the pre-kindergarten levels, as all PBSD areas are now assigned to Forrest Park/Greenville School, including the territory from the former Dollarway district. In 2023 the district announced that Dollarway High would merge into Pine Bluff High School, and that Morehead Middle School would become the only middle school for all of the Pine Bluff School District.

## InfoBox

| Hardin, Arkansas | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| HardinLocation within Arkansas | |
| Coordinates: 34°16′52″N 92°09′01″W / 34.28111°N 92.15028°W / 34.28111; -92.15028 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Arkansas |
| County | Jefferson |
| Township | Washington |
| Elevation | 351 ft (107 m) |
| Time zone | UTC– 06:00 (CST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC– 05:00 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 71602 |
| Area code | 870 |
| GNIS feature ID | 57880 |
| Highways | U.S. Highway 270 |
| Major airport | Clinton National (LIT) |


title: Panoply Arts Festival

abstract: The Panoply Arts Festival is an annual three-day celebration of the arts in Huntsville, Alabama. The first festival opened on May 14, 1982. The outdoor festival celebrates the arts with a wide array of performances, exhibits, demonstrations, and hands-on activities. Panoply is a production of The Arts Council, Inc., a non-profit organization, with sponsorship by Huntsville-area businesses and volunteer support from up to as many as 2,000 people each year. The festival is held annually on the last full weekend of April in downtown Huntsville's Big Spring International Park and Von Braun Center. Over the years, Panoply has evolved into one of the region's largest festivals, featuring activities and events like the "Global Village" – a gateway to the Huntsville area's diverse cultures – to children's "make-n-take" activities to the "Official Alabama State Fiddling Championship," "Homegrown Talent Contest," and "MOVA Songwriters' Competition." Panoply has had record attendances of over 100,000 in 2007, 2008, and 2009. The Southeast Tourism Society has ranked the festival among its "Top Twenty Events". The 2011 festival was cancelled because of the Super Outbreak of tornadoes that occurred several days before the event was to take place, which deprived the area of electricity. In 2020, it became a virtual event due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

text:
# Panoply Arts Festival

The **Panoply Arts Festival** is an annual three-day celebration of the arts in Huntsville, Alabama. The first festival opened on May 14, 1982. The outdoor festival celebrates the arts with a wide array of performances, exhibits, demonstrations, and hands-on activities.

Panoply is a production of The Arts Council, Inc., a non-profit organization, with sponsorship by Huntsville-area businesses and volunteer support from up to as many as 2,000 people each year. The festival is held annually on the last full weekend of April in downtown Huntsville's Big Spring International Park and Von Braun Center.

Over the years, Panoply has evolved into one of the region's largest festivals, featuring activities and events like the "Global Village" – a gateway to the Huntsville area's diverse cultures – to children's "make-n-take" activities to the "Official Alabama State Fiddling Championship," "Homegrown Talent Contest," and "MOVA Songwriters' Competition." Panoply has had record attendances of over 100,000 in 2007, 2008, and 2009. The Southeast Tourism Society has ranked the festival among its "Top Twenty Events".

The 2011 festival was cancelled because of the Super Outbreak of tornadoes that occurred several days before the event was to take place, which deprived the area of electricity. In 2020, it became a virtual event due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

## InfoBox

| Panoply Arts Festival | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Panoply Arts Festival 2022 | |
| Status | Active |
| Genre | Arts festival |
| Frequency | Annual |
| Venue | Big Spring Park |
| Location(s) | Huntsville, Alabama |
| Coordinates | 34°43′37″N 86°35′16″W / 34.72694°N 86.58778°W / 34.72694; -86.58778 |
| Country | United States |
| Years active | 42 |
| Previous event | 26-28 April, 2024 |
| Next event | 25-27 April, 2025 |
| Website | www.artshuntsville.org/event/panoply/ |


title: Port of Olya

abstract: Olya is a sea port in Olya village settlement in Limansky District in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the Volga Delta, on the right shore of the Bakhtemir river. According to the information on the official website, Olya port has 10 docks 5m deep. The length of the waterfront is 688,2m, water area is 53,12km², the throughput capacity of the cargo terminals is 1,580,000 tons a year The first dock row started operating on June the 3rd in 1997. In 1996 a 5,4km long highway was brought to the port. In July 2004 the construction of a 55km long railway siding from the “Zenseli” to “Olya Port” station was completed. The course of action includes the construction of a second cargo district with planned turnover of 26 million tons, which would be located 4km south of the main one. Under the order of the Federal Agency for Maritime and River Transportation of March 31st 2010, Olya port is assigned index number K-2. In the Olya port various cargoes are transferred: rolled metal, lumber, palletized cargoes, bulk bags, various bulk dry cargoes, grain cargoes, oil, equipment, large-capacity and long cargoes, intermodal containers, etc.

text:
# Port of Olya

**Olya** is a sea port in Olya village settlement in Limansky District in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the Volga Delta, on the right shore of the Bakhtemir river (67th km of the Volga-Caspian canal). According to the information on the official website, Olya port has 10 docks 5m deep. The length of the waterfront is 688,2m, water area is 53,12km², the throughput capacity of the cargo terminals is 1,580,000 tons a year

The first dock row started operating on June the 3rd in 1997. In 1996 a 5,4km long highway was brought to the port. In July 2004 the construction of a 55km long railway siding from the “Zenseli” to “Olya Port” station was completed. The course of action includes the construction of a second cargo district with planned turnover of 26 million tons, which would be located 4km south of the main one.

Under the order of the Federal Agency for Maritime and River Transportation of March 31st 2010, Olya port is assigned index number K-2.

In the Olya port various cargoes are transferred: rolled metal (rough material, armature rodes, steel coils, etc), lumber, palletized cargoes, bulk bags (fertilizers, cement, chemicals), various bulk dry cargoes (carbonite, coal, cast iron, ferro-alloys), grain cargoes, oil, equipment, large-capacity and long cargoes, intermodal containers, etc.


title: Henry Lee (Canterbury MP)

abstract: Henry Lee of Dungeon, Canterbury, was an English Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons in three periods between 1685 and 1715. Lee was the son of Dr John Lee, Archdeacon of Rochester, and his third wife Anne English, daughter of Henry English of Maidstone. His father later took the name of Warner by Act of Parliament under the terms of the will of his uncle, John Warner, Bishop of Rochester. He matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, on 4 July 1673, aged 16. He married Dorothy Howe, daughter of Sir George Howe, 1st Baronet, and his wife Elizabeth Grimstone, daughter of Sir Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet, on 16 October 1679. Lee purchased the manor of Dungeon in Kent. He became an alderman of Canterbury and in March 1685 was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Canterbury as a Tory. In 1687 he was elected Mayor of Canterbury, but dismissed from office by order of King James II. However he was re-elected MP for Canterbury in 1689 and held the seat until 1695. He was Colonel of a regiment of the Kent Militia in 1697. He was MP for Canterbury again from 1698 until he was defeated at the 1708 British general election. In 1704 he was appointed a Commissioner of Victualling. He was returned again for Canterbury at the 1710 British general election and was appointed a Commissioner for Victualling again in 1711. He was returned again at the 1713 general election but was defeated in 1715. Lee died on 6 September 1734. His son Henry Lee Warner, who was MP for Hindon, pulled down the mansion of the Dungeon.

text:
# Henry Lee (Canterbury MP)

**Henry Lee** (c. 1657 – 6 September 1734) of Dungeon, Canterbury, was an English Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons in three periods between 1685 and 1715.

Lee was the son of Dr John Lee, Archdeacon of Rochester, and his third wife Anne English, daughter of Henry English of Maidstone. His father later took the name of Warner by Act of Parliament under the terms of the will of his uncle, John Warner, Bishop of Rochester. He matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, on 4 July 1673, aged 16. He married Dorothy Howe, daughter of Sir George Howe, 1st Baronet, and his wife Elizabeth Grimstone, daughter of Sir Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet, on 16 October 1679.

Lee purchased the manor of Dungeon in Kent. He became an alderman of Canterbury and in March 1685 was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Canterbury as a Tory. In 1687 he was elected Mayor of Canterbury, but dismissed from office by order of King James II. However he was re-elected MP for Canterbury in 1689 and held the seat until 1695. He was Colonel of a regiment of the Kent Militia in 1697. He was MP for Canterbury again from 1698 until he was defeated at the 1708 British general election. In 1704 he was appointed a Commissioner of Victualling. He was returned again for Canterbury at the 1710 British general election and was appointed a Commissioner for Victualling again in 1711. He was returned again at the 1713 general election but was defeated in 1715.

Lee died on 6 September 1734. His son Henry Lee Warner, who was MP for Hindon, pulled down the mansion of the Dungeon.


title: Vikerlased

abstract: Vikerlased is an Estonian opera in three acts by Evald Aav, his only opera. It is considered to be the first Estonian opera. The libretto is by Voldemar Loo, brother of the composer's first wife, Ida Loo-Talvari. The libretto depicts events related to Pillage of Sigtuna in 1187. The premiere was on 8 September 1928 at the Estonia Theatre in Tallinn, conducted by Raimund Kull. The opera lasts 2 approximately hours and 15 minutes.

text:
# Vikerlased

***Vikerlased*** (*The Vikings*) is an Estonian opera in three acts by Evald Aav, his only opera. It is considered to be the first Estonian opera. The libretto is by Voldemar Loo, brother of the composer's first wife, Ida Loo-Talvari. The libretto depicts events related to Pillage of Sigtuna in 1187.

The premiere was on 8 September 1928 at the Estonia Theatre in Tallinn, conducted by Raimund Kull.

The opera lasts 2 approximately hours and 15 minutes.

Opera portal


title: The Lady of Pleasure

abstract: The Lady of Pleasure is a Caroline era comedy of manners written by James Shirley, first published in 1637. It has often been cited as among the best, and sometimes as the single best, the "most brilliant," of the dramatist's comic works.

text:
# The Lady of Pleasure

***The Lady of Pleasure*** is a Caroline era comedy of manners written by James Shirley, first published in 1637. It has often been cited as among the best, and sometimes as the single best, the "most brilliant," of the dramatist's comic works.

## Date and performance

The play was licensed for performance by Sir Henry Herbert, the Master of the Revels, on 15 October 1635. It was performed by Queen Henrietta's Men at the Cockpit Theatre in Drury Lane, in the final winter before the theatres suffered a long closure due to bubonic plague (May 1636 to October 1637) and Shirley himself left London for Dublin (1637).

## Publication

The 1637 quarto was printed by Thomas Cotes for the booksellers Andrew Crooke and William Cooke. This first edition may throw some light on the publication of Shirley's works in the late 1630s and after. Scholarly opinion has been divided as to the degree to which Shirley was or wasn't involved in the publication of his plays. One body of opinion holds that the Queen Henrietta's company sold off their stock of Shirley's plays to the stationers during the difficult months of the 163637 theatre closure, after Shirley had left for Ireland. (Five of his plays were published in 1637 alone, and four more by the end of 1639.) Upon his return to London in 1640, Shirley was so annoyed by this that he would no longer write for the company, but switched to the King's Men for his final plays, before the theatres closed in 1642 with the start of the English Civil War.

In this context, note that the 1637 quarto was dedicated to Richard Lovelace, who had been created Baron Lovelace of Hurley in 1627. But Richard Lovelace had died in April 1634; his son and successor was named John. This sloppiness is more suggestive of the tradesmen booksellers than of Shirley the Court sophisticate.

## Critical response

Those who admire or enjoy Shirley's work can specify *The Lady of Pleasure* as displaying his "ornate and profuse fancy to the greatest advantage." But critics with serious moral and ethical preoccupations tend to be uncomfortable with the poet's portraits of amorality and immorality, and judge his plays more stringently. *The Lady of Pleasure* was singled out by C. S. Lewis, in his *Rehabilitations and Other Essays* (1939), as representative of Shirley's comedies  to which Lewis gives a firmly negative evaluation. The play has also been studied as "a commentary on the Platonic love cult in the Caroline court under Queen Henrietta Maria."

## Synopsis

The play is structured in the three-level plot format that Shirley exploits for other comedies, like *Hyde Park* and *The Ball*. The main plot concerns the married couple of Sir Thomas and Lady Bornwell. Here, Shirley rings a significant change on the formulas of English Renaissance comedy: Lady Bornwell is a philandering female, the "lady of pleasure" of the play's title, while Sir Thomas's goal is to reform his wife's conduct. Aretina is devoted to the pastimes and vices of courtly aristocrats, notably in spending her husband's money. Sir Thomas tries to frighten his wife into restraint by pretending to pursue Celestina, a sixteen-year-old widow. His strategy fails at first. Yet Aretina is brought up short by the prospect of actual bankruptcy, and by the shock of learning that her partner in a casual tryst in the dark does not know her name and thinks she's a succubus, a "she-devil."

The second-level plot involves Celestina's attempts to reform the otherwise-unnamed Lord A from his perceived misogyny. Here again, the play departs from the standard pattern, in that the heroine of the second-level plot is presented as more admirable and morally serious than the female character on the first level. (Their contrasting names are clues to meaning: Celestina is "heavenly," while Aretina is a female form of Aretino, the Italian pornographer.) Celestina, is can be noted, is not an ascetic or a prig; she herself pursues pleasure, but in a moderate way that is in keeping with the mores of her society and class. Aretina is to be faulted, and needs to be reformed, because she goes too far.

The play also has a more purely comic third-level plot, involving the character Master Frederick, who descends from scholarship to drunkenness; and it contains the comic features typical of Shirleian comedy, like the clownish suitors Littleworth and Kickshaw (a "kickshaw" is a trinket, a flashy object of little intrinsic value), plus Madame Decoy the bawd, Sir William Scentlove the worthless dandy, and Haircut the barber.

Aphra Behn would later borrow plot elements from Shirley's play for her own *The Lucky Chance* (1686).


title: Hepatitis B immune globulin

abstract: Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) is a human immunoglobulin that is used to prevent the development of hepatitis B and is used for the treatment of acute exposure to HBsAg.

text:
# Hepatitis B immune globulin

**Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG)** is a human immunoglobulin that is used to prevent the development of hepatitis B and is used for the treatment of acute exposure to HBsAg.

## Medical uses

HBIG is indicated as a postexposure prophylaxis for people at risk to develop hepatitis B because they have been recently exposed to body fluids of individuals who have hepatitis B. This includes babies of mothers with hepatitis B, sexual partners, healthcare workers, police and fire workers, and morticians. It provides a temporarily induced immunity by the transfer of immunoglobulins.

HBIG is given by either intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) route, depending on the preparation. Side effects include allergic reactions, back pain, general feeling of discomfort, headaches, muscle pain, nausea, and pain or bleeding at the injection site. Allergy to human immunoglobulin is a contraindication. HIV has never been transmitted by HBIG. As with all blood-derived products, the transmission of prions is possible as a residual risk.

### Concomitant vaccination

HBIG should be given within 14 days of exposure to the hepatitis B virus. The half-life of HBIG is about 3 weeks. In lieu of a booster administration of HBIG, a hepatitis B vaccination is initiated at the time of the initial HBIG administration, thus providing long term protection.

HBIG is classified as pregnancy category C substance by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

## Preparation

HBIG is prepared from the plasma of donors who have high antibody levels of the hepatitis B surface antigen. It is extracted from the Cohn fraction II. During the process, viruses are deactivated, and in the final steps, solvents used in the preparation are removed. The preparation is tested for absence of HIV, HCV, herpes virus, and reovirus.

## Brand names

* Bayhep B
* HepaGam B (US market; intravenous preparation)
* HyperHEP B (US market; intramuscular preparation)
* Nabi-HB
* Nabi-HB NovaPlus
* Zutectra (EU)

## InfoBox

Hepatitis B immune globulin
| Clinical data | |
| --- | --- |
| Trade names | HepaGam B, Nabi-HB, Zutectra, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| Pregnancy
category |  |
| Routes of
administration | Intramuscular injection, intravenous |
| ATC code |  |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |  |
| Identifiers | |
| DrugBank |  |
| ChemSpider | * none |
| UNII |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| NY (what is this?)  (verify) | |


title: Galesville Reservoir

abstract: Galesville Reservoir is a water storage reservoir in Klamath Mountains of Douglas County, Oregon. The dam was completed in October 1986. This reservoir is the outlet of the Upper Cow Creek Watershed, which contains 47,482.5 acres (19,215.5 ha) of land. The dam was proposed in a 1966 research document as a water storage dam, with a targeted completion date of 1975. The dam does not include a fish ladder, so it acts as a complete fish passage barrier. 67% of the watershed is owned by the US Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management, with 7% owned by the state and county. The remainder is privately owned. Nearly all of the land (98.7%) is used for forestry. The reservoir has a higher-than-allowed level of mercury as described by the Clean Water Act. Several historic mining claims above the reservoir exist, such as the Red Cloud Mine, which was established to extract mercury from veins of cinnabar. Chief Miwaleta RV Park and Campground, a county park, is located on the shores of the reservoir. The upper portion of the reservoir is a wildlife area. The name "Galesville" comes from a small town in the Cow Creek Valley. The location was a post office established in 1854 with George F. Hall as the first postmaster. It was closed in 1916. Legend has it that the initial two settlers were Gale and Goshen, who named it Galesville. The dam was used in the 2013 movie Night Moves.

text:
# Galesville Reservoir

**Galesville Reservoir** is a water storage reservoir in Klamath Mountains of Douglas County, Oregon. The dam was completed in October 1986.

This reservoir is the outlet of the Upper Cow Creek Watershed, which contains 47,482.5 acres (19,215.5 ha) of land. The dam was proposed in a 1966 research document as a water storage dam, with a targeted completion date of 1975. The dam does not include a fish ladder, so it acts as a complete fish passage barrier.

67% of the watershed is owned by the US Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management, with 7% owned by the state and county. The remainder is privately owned. Nearly all of the land (98.7%) is used for forestry. The reservoir has a higher-than-allowed level of mercury as described by the Clean Water Act. Several historic mining claims above the reservoir exist, such as the Red Cloud Mine, which was established to extract mercury from veins of cinnabar.

Chief Miwaleta RV Park and Campground, a county park, is located on the shores of the reservoir. The upper portion of the reservoir is a wildlife area.

The name "Galesville" comes from a small town in the Cow Creek Valley. The location was a post office established in 1854 with George F. Hall as the first postmaster. It was closed in 1916. Legend has it that the initial two settlers were Gale and Goshen, who named it Galesville.

The dam was used in the 2013 movie Night Moves.

42°50′46″N 123°09′43″W / 42.846°N 123.162°W / 42.846; -123.162


title: Reinsberg, Germany

abstract: Reinsberg is a municipality in the district of Mittelsachsen, in Saxony, Germany.

text:
# Reinsberg, Germany

**Reinsberg** is a municipality in the district of Mittelsachsen, in Saxony, Germany.

## Notable people

Carl Victor Ryssel, theologian

## InfoBox

| Reinsberg | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| View of the church and Reinsberg Castle | |
|  | |
| Location of Reinsberg within Mittelsachsen district | |
| Reinsberg Reinsberg | |
| Coordinates: 51°00′30″N 13°21′50″E / 51.00833°N 13.36389°E / 51.00833; 13.36389 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Saxony |
| District | Mittelsachsen |
| Government | |
| Mayor (202229) | Markus Buschkühl |
| Area | |
| Total | 49.75 km2 (19.21 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 335 m (1,099 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 2,832 |
| Density | 57/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 09629 |
| Dialling codes | 037324 |
| Vehicle registration | FG |
| Website | www.gemeinde-reinsberg.de |


title: Harley Viera-Newton

abstract: Harley Viera-Newton is a British model and DJ, known for her spreads in magazines like Vogue and Elle, and appearing at clubs such as Westway, The Jane, Avenue, and Le Bain at the Standard Hotel NYC.

text:
# Harley Viera-Newton

**Harley Viera-Newton** is a British model and DJ, known for her spreads in magazines like *Vogue* and *Elle*, and appearing at clubs such as Westway, The Jane, Avenue, and Le Bain at the Standard Hotel NYC.

## Early life

Newton was born in London to a record executive father, who is president of Columbia Records Group, and a Brazilian model mother, who is a partner in the Tom Binns jewelry company and sister to Andrea Dellal. She is also the older sister of Rio Viera-Newton, a beauty writer for The Strategist. Harley's cousins are Alex, Max, Charlotte and Alice Dellal. She spent her early childhood in the UK, but moved to Los Angeles at age 10. After graduating from Crossroads School, she attended New York University's Gallatin School of Individualized Study. While double-majoring in social science and egyptology at NYU, Newton began her career as a DJ in the New York City nightlife, spinning regularly at hotspots like Beatrice Inn, Lit, Avenue, and the Jane Hotel. Also while at NYU, Newton was the bass player for New York punk band Lissy Trullie, fronted by lead singer and former model Elizabeth McChesney.

## Career

While still attending NYU, Newton signed with Next Model Management, and shot major campaigns for top brands like Uniqlo and DKNY. She became the in house DJ for the House of Dior's Dior Beauty, as well as a beauty ambassador for the brand. Fresh off her NYU graduation in 2011, Newton signed a management deal with hip hop mogul Jay Z's record label and entertainment company Roc Nation, joining megastars like J. Cole and Rihanna.

Viera-Newton has also been featured in campaigns for brands like Araks (shot by Alexa Chung), Net-A-Porter, Printemps, Cole Haan, and Hermes. She has also held multiple brand liaison positions for global companies like Target, Juicy Couture, and Dior, all leading up to the launch of her own website HarleyVieraNewton.com.

## InfoBox

| Harley Viera-Newton | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | London, England |
| Occupation(s) | Model, DJ |
| Years active | 2007–present |
| **Modeling information** | |
| Agency | Roc Nation |
|  | |
| Website | www.harleyvieranewton.com |


title: Panopoda rufimargo

abstract: Panopoda rufimargo, the red-lined panopoda, is an owlet moth in the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1818. It is found in North America. Caterpillars feed on pignut hickory and northern red oak. The MONA or Hodges number for Panopoda rufimargo is 8587.

text:
# Panopoda rufimargo

***Panopoda rufimargo***, the **red-lined panopoda**, is an owlet moth in the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1818. It is found in North America. Caterpillars feed on pignut hickory and northern red oak.

The MONA or Hodges number for *Panopoda rufimargo* is 8587.

## Further reading

* Arnett, Ross H. (2000). *American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico*. CRC Press.

## InfoBox

| *Panopoda rufimargo* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Genus: | *Panopoda* |
| Species: | ***P. rufimargo*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Panopoda rufimargo***<br>(Hubner, 1818) | |
|


title: Godumakunta

abstract: Godumakunta is a village in Medchal-Malkajgiri district in Telangana, India. It falls under Keesara mandal. Mr. Aakiti Mahender Reddy is the present Sarpanch of the village.

text:
# Godumakunta

**Godumakunta** is a village in Medchal-Malkajgiri district in Telangana, India. It falls under Keesara mandal. Mr. Aakiti Mahender Reddy is the present Sarpanch of the village.

## InfoBox

| Godumakunta | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Country | India |
| State | Telangana |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Telephone code | 040 |
| Vehicle registration | TS-15 X XXXX |
| Sex ratio | 1:1(approx) / |


title: Herman Sang

abstract: Herman Sang is a pianist from Bournemouth Gardens, Jamaica. He played an integral part in the pre-ska and early-ska development of Jamaican music.

text:
# Herman Sang

**Herman Sang** is a pianist from Bournemouth Gardens, Jamaica. He played an integral part in the pre-ska and early-ska development of Jamaican music.

## Background

Sang was a member of the Jiving Juniors. He was also in Alley Cats, The City Slickers, Hersan and the City Slickers, and Hersang and His Combo. His young brother Claude Sang Jr. was a member of the Zodiacs and had also recorded for the Sugar record label.

## Career

### 1950s to 1960s

Herman Sang was the musical arranger at Tip Top Studios. he played on many of Roy Panton and Yvonne Harrison's recordings.

Sang formed the Jiving Juniors in 1958 with Eugene Dwyer, Derrick Harriott, and Maurice Wynter. Singer Jimmy James recalled that he went to see producer Lyndon Pottinger around that time. Jiving Juniors member, Herman Sang was doing the auditions. James said to Sang "I don't think sey me is any singer, I just write the song for somebody to sing it". Sang told him to come into the studio and sing it, and whoever is going to sing it will hear what he did and pick up on it. The next thing James knew it was playing on the radio.

In September 1962 Owen Gray had his song "Best Twist" released on Blue Beat BB 113. The B side "Grandma-Grandpa" was by Owen Gray, Hersang and the City Slickers.

In 1963, Sang stepped back from music and took up a position at the Standard Oil refinery in the West Indies as a shift supervisor.

### 2000s

In 2002, Sang played at the "Legends of Ska" in Toronto, Canada. It was recorded by filmmaker Brad Klein and became part of the *Legends of Ska* film.

## Personal life

Sang is married to Bernice and lives in Canada now. He is a father to two children and grandfather.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Herman Sang | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | Hersang |
| Genres | Reggae, Ska |
| Occupation(s) | Musician, shift supervisor |
| Instrument | Piano |
| Discography | 1950s - 1960s, 2000s |
| Labels | All Stars, Blue Beat |
| Member of | Alley Cats, Hersang & His Combo, Hersang and His City Slickers, The City Slickers, The Jiving Juniors |
| Spouse | Bernice |


title: Henry Lee (Australian politician)

abstract: Henry William Lee was an Australian politician. Born in Gerringong, New South Wales, he was a dairy farmer on the Hunter Region, and became a leader in the dairying industry. In 1903, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives for the Free Trade Party, emphatically defeating Protectionist Francis Clarke for the seat of Cowper. However, he in turn was defeated in 1906 by Protectionist John Thomson. Lee subsequently became a businessman in Sydney. He died in 1927.

text:
# Henry Lee (Australian politician)

**Henry William Lee** (1856  12 August 1927) was an Australian politician. Born in Gerringong, New South Wales, he was a dairy farmer on the Hunter Region, and became a leader in the dairying industry. In 1903, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives for the Free Trade Party, emphatically defeating Protectionist Francis Clarke for the seat of Cowper. However, he in turn was defeated in 1906 by Protectionist John Thomson. Lee subsequently became a businessman in Sydney. He died in 1927.

## InfoBox

| The HonourableHenry Lee | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the Australian Parliament
for Cowper | |
| **In office**
16 December 1903  12 December 1906 | |
| Preceded by | Francis Clarke |
| Succeeded by | John Thomson |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1856
Gerringong, New South Wales |
| Died | 12 August 1927 (aged 7071) |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Political party | Free Trade Party |
| Occupation | Dairy farmer |
|  | |


title: Vikersund

abstract: Vikersund is a town of 3,232 inhabitants in the municipality capital of Modum, in the county of Buskerud, Norway.

text:
# Vikersund

**Vikersund** is a town of 3,232 (in 2020) inhabitants in the municipality capital of Modum, in the county of Buskerud, Norway.

## Overview

Vikersund is located 30 kilometers south of Hønefoss and 40 kilometers northwest of Drammen. The village is located at the southwestern arm of Tyrifjorden. Drammenselva enters Tyrifjorden by Vikerfossen. Trunk road Highway 35 passes Vikersund. Vikersund station is a railway station on Randsfjordbanen which was established in 1866, two years before Randsfjordbanen between Drammen and Randsfjord was completed.

Vikersund has a primary school - Vikersund primary school and a middle school - North Modum School. Students at NMU from Vikersund school Sysle school and some also come from Stalsberg school (Geithus). Between Vikersund and Krøderen is *Krøderbanen museumsjernbane* railway museum. Tyrifjord Hotell, situated by the fjord opposite Vikersund, just 3 minutes by car from Vikersund Ski-Jumping Center with the world's largest ski flying hill.

## History

Historically, Vikersund been important in the pulp and paper industry. Timber was floated on Tyrifjord past Vikerfossen down the Drammenselva. Modum municipality has many cultural and sports facilities. In Vikersund this includes the Vikersund Ski-Jumping Center with seven ski slopes, golf courses and ski hill. Vikersund is perhaps best known for it ski flying hill, Vikersundbakken. The present large hill was built in 1988 and last modified in 2010. It regularly hosts World Cup in ski flying. It has hosted the FIS Ski Flying World Championships four times and will do so again in 2022. On 18 March 2017 Stefan Kraft set a world record in the ground with 253.5 m, while Dmitriy Vasiliev flew to 254 m, but crashed.

## Vike kirkeruin

The ruins of Vike Church (*Vike kirkeruin*) are located east of Vikersund. It was referred to as the parish church in 1456, but is believed to have dated from the 1200s. The church was presumably abandoned around the Protestant Reformation. The walls stood until late 1700s, but later they are used as a quarry. The foundations were uncovered and excavated in 1969-70 under the direction of Luce Hinsch.

## Other sources

* Hinsch, Luce (1987) *Monuments and Sites: Norway - A Cultural Heritage* (Aschehoug AS) ISBN 978-8200184751

## InfoBox

| Vikersund | |
| --- | --- |
| Central Vikersund in early-July 2006. | |
| VikersundVikersund | |
| Coordinates: 59°58′N 9°59′E / 59.967°N 9.983°E / 59.967; 9.983 | |
| Modum | Buskerud, Norway |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.71 km2 (1.05 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | 3,232 |


title: The Mad

abstract: The Mad is a 2007 comedy/horror film, starring Billy Zane and Maggie Castle, and directed and written by John Kalangis.

text:
# The Mad

***The Mad*** is a 2007 comedy/horror film, starring Billy Zane and Maggie Castle, and directed and written by John Kalangis.

## Plot

A doctor and his teenage daughter are terrorized by flesh-eating zombies at a truck stop.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| The Mad | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | John Kalangis |
| Written by | Kevin Hennelly
John Kalangis
Christopher Warre Smets |
| Produced by | Harvey Glazer |
| Starring | Billy Zane
Maggie Castle |
| Cinematography | Brendan Steacy |
| Edited by | Alex Shuper |
| Music by | Brendan Bane |
| Production
companies | 235 Films
Peace Arch Entertainment Group |
| Release date | * 22 May 2007 (2007-05-22) |
| Running time | 83 minutes |
| Country | Canada |
| Language | English |


title: Heptacarpus

abstract: Heptacarpus is a genus of shrimps in the family Thoridae. There are more than 30 described species in the genus Heptacarpus.

text:
# Heptacarpus

***Heptacarpus*** is a genus of shrimps in the family Thoridae. There are more than 30 described species in the genus *Heptacarpus*.

## Species

The following species are recognised in the genus *Heptacarpus*:

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Heptacarpus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Intertidal coastal shrimp, *Heptacarpus palpator* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Caridea |
| Family: | Thoridae |
| Genus: | *Heptacarpus*<br>Holmes, 1900 |
|


title: Hapoel Petah Tikva (handball)

abstract: Hapoel Petah Tikva is a handball team from the city of Petah Tikva, Israel. Hapoel is one of the oldest handball clubs in the country, the most successful period was in the late-1960s and early-1970s when the team won 3 championships. The last time Petah Tikva played in the top division was in the 1996-97 season, they finished 12 out 14 and did not manage to win the relegation playoff. In August 1997 Hapoel merged with Maccabi Petah Tikva and played as Ironi Petah Tikva for 12 seasons in the top division. In September 2009 the merger was over as the supporters of Hapoel reformed their team.

text:
# Hapoel Petah Tikva (handball)

**Hapoel Petah Tikva** is a handball team from the city of Petah Tikva, Israel.

Hapoel is one of the oldest handball clubs in the country, the most successful period was in the late-1960s and early-1970s when the team won 3 championships.

The last time Petah Tikva played in the top division was in the 1996-97 season, they finished 12 out 14 and did not manage to win the relegation playoff.

In August 1997 Hapoel merged with Maccabi Petah Tikva and played as Ironi Petah Tikva for 12 seasons in the top division. In September 2009 the merger was over as the supporters of Hapoel reformed their team.

## Notable supporters

## Titles

* **Israel Champions (3):** 1966, 1967, 1970

LIGA LEUMIT Champions 2014/2015

```
THE ISRAELI BERNER CUP 2014/2015
```

## InfoBox

| הפועל פתח תקווה<br>Hapoel Petah Tikva | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Hapoel Petah Tikva |
| Founded | 1950's |
| Arena | Ironi hall, Petah Tikva |
| Capacity | 900 |
| President | WEISS ZACHI and Voluntary association |
| Head coach | KALOZ'NI TAL |
| League | Liga Leumit |
| 2019/2020 | 2 (Relegated) |
| Club colours |  |


title: Palomar College

abstract: Palomar College is a public community college in San Diego County, California. The main campus is in San Marcos and three centers and four education sites are located elsewhere throughout north San Diego County.

text:
# Palomar College

**Palomar College** is a public community college in San Diego County, California. The main campus is in San Marcos and three centers and four education sites are located elsewhere throughout north San Diego County.

## Academics

Palomar College offers 250 associate's degrees and certificate programs, and also offers programs for students wishing to transfer to many different four-year universities, including institutions in the University of California and California State University systems. These programs are organized into five academic divisions:

* Arts, Media, Business Administration
* Career, Technical and Extended Education
* Languages and Literature
* Mathematics and The Natural and Health Sciences
* Social and Behavioral Sciences

In addition, Palomar College and other local adult schools in North County work collaboratively to leverage services and resources to better serve adult education students in the areas of Adult Basic Education, ESL, GED, HISET, high school diploma, and post-secondary education and vocational training. Palomar College is the lead member of the Education to Career Network of North San Diego County. ETCN is one of 71 Consortiums in the State of California and is funded by the California Adult Education Program. Members of the ETCN Consortium are: Escondido Adult School, Palomar College, Poway Adult School, Ramona Adult School, San Marcos Adult School, and Vista Adult School.

## Media

* *IMPACT*, lifestyle magazine
* *KKSM*, radio
* *PCTV* (shares airtime with ITV Cable 16), television
* *The Telescope*, college newspaper

## Associated Student Government

The Governing Board of the Palomar Community College District has authorized the students of the District to organize a student body association named "Associated Students of the Palomar Community College District". The association is required by law to "encourage students to participate in the governance of the college".

The governing body of the association is named "Associated Student Government" (ASG). The ASG is a student-run organization at Palomar that strives to create a better campus for its students. Members of the ASG serve on campus-wide shared-governance committees and hiring committees, lobby State and Federal representatives on student issues, attend leadership conferences, and are responsible for Comet Week, Springfest, and some campus-wide activities. Members of the ASG have opportunities to attend conferences, special on-campus parking, and serve on campus-wide committees as the "voice of the students."

The Associated Students periodically participates in meetings sponsored by a statewide community college student organization named Student Senate for California Community Colleges. The statewide Student Senate is authorized by law "to advocate before the Legislature and other state and local governmental entities".

## Athletics

The intercollegiate athletic program at Palomar College consists of a combined 22 men's and women's sports teams, averaging over 450 participating student-athletes per year. Men's and women's sports include basketball, volleyball, tennis, soccer, swimming, water polo, and cross country. Other Sports are football, baseball, softball, golf, wrestling, track and field.

## Notable alumni

## Notable faculty

33°08′58″N 117°11′05″W / 33.1494°N 117.1848°W / 33.1494; -117.1848

## InfoBox

Palomar College
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Motto in English | Learning for Success |
| Type | Public |
| Established | September 23, 1946 (1946-09-23) |
| President | Star Rivera-Lacey |
| Address | 1140 West Mission Road, San Marcos, California, 92069, United States |
| Campus | Multiple sites |
| Language | English |
| Colors | <br>Scarlet and silver |
| Mascot | Comets |
| Website | www.palomar.edu |


title: Herman Saftleven

abstract: Herman Saftleven the Younger, was a Dutch painter of the Baroque period.

text:
# Herman Saftleven

**Herman Saftleven the Younger** (1609 - 5 January 1685 (buried)), was a Dutch painter of the Baroque period.

## Biography

Born in Rotterdam, Saftleven lived most of his life (1632–1685) in Utrecht. His brothers, Cornelis Saftleven (1607–1681) and Abraham Saftleven were both painters. The former was even better known as a painter, specializing in genre scenes, while Herman was known for his landscapes of river scenes as well as of persons traveling through woods. His father, Herman Saftleven I was a painter in Rotterdam, who died by 1627. One of Herman II’s daughters, Sara Saftleven, born in Utrecht after 1633, also became a painter of flowers in watercolors. She married Jacob Adriaensz Broers in 1671.

Herman became the dean of the Guild of St Luke in Utrecht. After a storm had destroyed most of the town in the 1670s, he sold the city a series drawings he had made of Utrecht churches before they were destroyed. In the 1680s, he was commissioned by the amateur botanist and horticulturalist Agnes Block, to draw flowers and plants at her country estate near Utrecht. He died in Utrecht.

Media related to Herman Saftleven at Wikimedia Commons


title: Tom Jones (1917 film)

abstract: Tom Jones is 1917 British comedy film directed by Edwin J. Collins and starring Langhorn Burton, Sybil Arundale and Will Corrie. It is an adaptation of the 1749 novel Tom Jones by Henry Fielding.

text:
# Tom Jones (1917 film)

***Tom Jones*** is 1917 British comedy film directed by Edwin J. Collins and starring Langhorn Burton, Sybil Arundale and Will Corrie. It is an adaptation of the 1749 novel *Tom Jones* by Henry Fielding.

## Premise

After being disgraced at home Tom Jones enjoys a series of adventures on the road to London.

## Cast

1. BFI.org

## InfoBox

| Tom Jones | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Edwin J. Collins |
| Written by | Eliot Stannard |
| Based on | *Tom Jones*
1749 novel
by Henry Fielding |
| Starring | Langhorn Burton
Sybil Arundale
Will Corrie
Wyndham Guise |
| Production
company | Ideal Film Company |
| Distributed by | Ideal Film Company |
| Release date | * December 1917 (1917-12) |
| Running time | 6 reels |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |


title: Het Beijersche

abstract: Het Beijersche is a town in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Krimpenerwaard, and lies about 4 km south of Gouda. The statistical area "Het Beijersche", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 350. Until 2015, Het Beijersche was part of Vlist.

text:
# Het Beijersche

**Het Beijersche** is a town in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Krimpenerwaard, and lies about 4 km south of Gouda.

The statistical area "Het Beijersche", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 350.

Until 2015, Het Beijersche was part of Vlist.

1. Statistics Netherlands (CBS), *Statline: Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2003-2005*. As of January 1, 2005.

## InfoBox

| Het Beijersche | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| A typical polder near the town | |
|  | |
| The village (dark green) and the statistical district (light green) of Het Beijersche in the former municipality of Vlist. | |
| Coordinates: 51°59′N 4°44′E / 51.983°N 4.733°E / 51.983; 4.733 | |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Province | South Holland |
| Municipality | Krimpenerwaard |
| Population (January 1, 2005) | |
| Total | 350 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


abstract: Men Without Women (1927) is the second collection of short stories written by American author Ernest Hemingway. The volume consists of 14 stories, 10 of which had been previously published in magazines. It was published in October 1927, with a first print-run of approximately 7,600 copies at $2. The stories in this collection cover a variety of topics, including bullfighting, prizefighting, infidelity, divorce, and death. "The Killers", "Hills Like White Elephants", and "In Another Country" are considered to be among Hemingway's better works. The book's U.S. copyright expired on January 1, 2023, when all works published in 1927 entered the public domain.

text:
# Men Without Women (short story collection)

***Men Without Women*** (1927) is the second collection of short stories written by American author Ernest Hemingway (July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961). The volume consists of 14 stories, 10 of which had been previously published in magazines. It was published in October 1927, with a first print-run of approximately 7,600 copies at $2.

The stories in this collection cover a variety of topics, including bullfighting, prizefighting, infidelity, divorce, and death. "The Killers", "Hills Like White Elephants", and "In Another Country" are considered to be among Hemingway's better works.

The book's U.S. copyright expired on January 1, 2023, when all works published in 1927 entered the public domain.

## Stories included in volume

## Reception

*Men Without Women* was variously received by critics. *Cosmopolitan* magazine editor-in-chief Ray Long praised the story "Fifty Grand", calling it, "one of the best short stories that ever came to my hands...the best prize-fight story I ever read...a remarkable piece of realism."

Some critics, however – among them Lee Wilson Dodd, whose article entitled "Simple Annals of the Callous" appeared in the *Saturday Review of Literature* – found Hemingway's subjects lacking. Joseph Wood Krutch called the stories in *Men Without Women* "sordid little catastrophes", involving "very vulgar people."

Hemingway responded to the less favorable reviews with a poem published in *The Little Review* in May 1929:

*Valentine*
(For a Mr. Lee Wilson Dodd and Any of His Friends Who Want It)
*Sing a song of critics
*   *pockets full of lye
*   *four and twenty critics
*   *hope that you will die
*   *hope that you will peter out
*   *hope that you will fail
*   *so they can be the first one
*   *be the first to hail
*   *any happy weakening or sign of quick decay.
*   *(All very much alike, weariness too great,
*   *sordid small catastrophes, stack the cards on fate,
*   *very vulgar people, annals of the callous,
*   *dope fiends, soldiers, prostitutes,
*   *men without a gallus)*

Hemingway's style, on the other hand, received much acclaim. In the *New York Times Book Review*, Percy Hutchinson praised him for "language sheered to the bone, colloquial language expended with the utmost frugality; but it is continuous and the effect is one of continuously gathering power." Even Krutch, writing in the *Nation* in 1927, said of *Men Without Women*, "It appears to be the most meticulously literal reporting and yet it reproduces dullness without being dull."

### Further reading

## InfoBox

Men Without Women
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Ernest Hemingway |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Short stories |
| Publisher | Charles Scribner's Sons |
| Publication date | 1927 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (hardback & paperback) |
| OCLC | 564429937 |


title: Hest Bank railway station

abstract: Hest Bank railway station was opened by the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway (L&CR) three miles north of Lancaster Castle railway station. The line had been authorised in 1844 and a station was proposed for the village of Hest Bank, Lancashire, the following year. It opened in 1846 along with the line. The station continued to serve the village of Hest Bank until its closure in 1969. The site remains notable as being the point at which the present-day West Coast Main Line (WCML) comes nearest to the west coast. Views of Morecambe Bay can be glimpsed from trains on this section of the line. Meanwhile, the "little" North Western Railway had been formed to link Skipton to Lancaster and with the Morecambe Harbour and Railway planned to make a junction with the L&CR at Hest Bank. Regrettably this never materialised. Hoping to develop an export trade in coke and other minerals, the L&CR applied on its own account to build the branch to Morecambe, receiving permission in 1859. At this point the line was leased by the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) and it was the latter that built the branch as a double track opening in 1864. In time however the branch was singled, but with an increase in holiday trade a south facing curve was added to the junction during 1888. Later a part of the branch from Bare Lane was redoubled and is still open as the Morecambe Branch Line. Hest Bank station itself was of rugged stone construction, a two-storey station house with a booking hall below on the up (southbound) platform. It was next to a level crossing over a minor road linking the A589 with houses, a water treatment works and a caravan park further along the foreshore. A small cottage for the crossing keeper was provided on the down (coastal-facing) side along with a footbridge to connect the platforms. The down side also had two sidings, one providing a bay platform. At grouping in 1923 it became part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway. During the 'thirties the station became remarkable as the only one between Preston and Carlisle with electric lighting, thanks to the ingenuity of a member of staff. Four camping coaches were positioned here by the London Midland Region from 1960 to 1963, then it increased to five until 1969. The goods yard closed on 2 December 1963 but the tracks were used for the camping coaches until the end of the 1969 season despite the station finally closing to passengers in February 1969. All traces of the platforms and buildings have disappeared, as the incoming Morecambe branch was extended along the length of one of the former platforms as part of the layout changes associated with the 1973 WCML electrification scheme. The nearby signal box still stands although now disused. Its latter role, purely as a manually controlled gate box to supervise the adjacent level crossing and that at nearby Bolton-le-Sands, was brought to an end in the Spring of 2013. NR had published proposals to close the box here initially at the end of 2012, which was briefly postponed until February 2013 before the work was finally carried out in May. Both crossings are now worked direct from Preston PSB using CCTV.

text:
# Hest Bank railway station

**Hest Bank railway station** was opened by the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway (L&CR) three miles north of Lancaster Castle railway station. The line had been authorised in 1844 and a station was proposed for the village of Hest Bank, Lancashire, the following year. It opened in 1846 along with the line. The station continued to serve the village of Hest Bank until its closure in 1969. The site remains notable as being the point at which the present-day West Coast Main Line (WCML) comes nearest to the west coast. Views of Morecambe Bay can be glimpsed from trains on this section of the line.

Meanwhile, the "little" North Western Railway had been formed to link Skipton to Lancaster and with the Morecambe Harbour and Railway planned to make a junction with the L&CR at Hest Bank. Regrettably this never materialised. Hoping to develop an export trade in coke and other minerals, the L&CR applied on its own account to build the branch to Morecambe, receiving permission in 1859. At this point the line was leased by the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) and it was the latter that built the branch as a double track opening in 1864. In time however the branch was singled, but with an increase in holiday trade a south facing curve was added to the junction during 1888. Later a part of the branch from Bare Lane was redoubled and is still open as the Morecambe Branch Line.

Hest Bank station itself was of rugged stone construction, a two-storey station house with a booking hall below on the up (southbound) platform. It was next to a level crossing over a minor road linking the A589 with houses, a water treatment works and a caravan park further along the foreshore. A small cottage for the crossing keeper was provided on the down (coastal-facing) side along with a footbridge to connect the platforms. The down side also had two sidings, one providing a bay platform.

At grouping in 1923 it became part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway.

During the 'thirties the station became remarkable as the only one between Preston and Carlisle with electric lighting, thanks to the ingenuity of a member of staff. Four camping coaches were positioned here by the London Midland Region from 1960 to 1963, then it increased to five until 1969. The goods yard closed on 2 December 1963 but the tracks were used for the camping coaches until the end of the 1969 season despite the station finally closing to passengers in February 1969.

All traces of the platforms and buildings have disappeared (though the crossing keeper's cottage survived until 2012), as the incoming Morecambe branch was extended along the length of one of the former platforms as part of the layout changes associated with the 1973 WCML electrification scheme.

The nearby signal box still stands although now disused. Its latter role, purely as a manually controlled gate box to supervise the adjacent level crossing and that at nearby Bolton-le-Sands, was brought to an end in the Spring of 2013. NR had published proposals to close the box here initially at the end of 2012, which was briefly postponed until February 2013 before the work was finally carried out in May. Both crossings are now worked direct from Preston PSB using CCTV.

| Preceding station | Historical railways | | | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Lancaster
Line and station open |  | Lancaster and Carlisle Railway |  | Bolton-le-Sands
Line open, station closed |

## InfoBox

| Hest Bank | |
| --- | --- |
| Location of the station (1998) | |
| General information | |
| Location | Hest Bank, Lancashire, Lancaster
England |
| Coordinates | 54°05′30″N 2°48′53″W / 54.09160°N 2.81486°W / 54.09160; -2.81486 |
| Platforms | 3 |
| Other information | |
| Status | Disused |
| History | |
| Original company | Lancaster and Carlisle Railway |
| Pre-grouping | London and North Western Railway |
| Post-grouping | London Midland and Scottish Railway |
| Key dates | |
| 22 September 1846 | station opened |
| 3 February 1969 | station closed |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Gabriele Becker

abstract: Gabriele Becker is a German former track and field sprinter who competed mainly over 100 metres. She represented her country at the 1995 World Championships in Athletics and won a bronze medal in the relay. Born in Marburg, Becker took up track and field at a young age and trained at the LAZ Bruchköbel sports club. Initially she took part in a variety of events and completed youth heptathlons, but soon focused on sprinting instead. She won the German youth title over 100 m in 1991, then took German junior doubles in the 60 metres and 100 m in both 1993 and 1994. She made her international debut at the 1992 World Junior Championships in Athletics, finishing as a 100 m semi-finalist. Becker's first international medal came with the German 4×100 metres relay team, when she anchored home a quartet including Sandra Roos, Birgit Brodbeck, and Carmen Bertmaring to the bronze medal at the 1993 European Athletics Junior Championships. She also finished seventh individually in the 100 m at that competition. At the 1994 World Junior Championships in Athletics, she was again a 100 m semi-finalist, but secured a silver medal with the relay team of Roos, Sandra Görigk and Esther Möller, finishing behind Jamaica. After winning the German under-23 100 m title, she was selected to run at the 1995 World Championships in Athletics both individually and in the relay. She reached the quarter-finals of the 100 m, recording a best of 11.54 seconds in that round, but was eliminated in seventh place. A German senior women's team of Melanie Paschke, Silke Lichtenhagen, Silke-Beate Knoll, and Becker finished the relay final in a time of 43.01, with Becker anchoring the team to the finish line to secure the World Championships bronze medal behind the American and Jamaican teams.

text:
# Gabriele Becker

**Gabriele Becker** (born 17 April 1975) is a German former track and field sprinter who competed mainly over 100 metres. She represented her country at the 1995 World Championships in Athletics and won a bronze medal in the relay.

Born in Marburg, Becker took up track and field at a young age and trained at the LAZ Bruchköbel sports club. Initially she took part in a variety of events and completed youth heptathlons, but soon focused on sprinting instead. She won the German youth title over 100 m in 1991, then took German junior doubles in the 60 metres and 100 m in both 1993 and 1994. She made her international debut at the 1992 World Junior Championships in Athletics, finishing as a 100 m semi-finalist.

Becker's first international medal came with the German 4×100 metres relay team, when she anchored home a quartet including Sandra Roos, Birgit Brodbeck, and Carmen Bertmaring to the bronze medal at the 1993 European Athletics Junior Championships. She also finished seventh individually in the 100 m at that competition. At the 1994 World Junior Championships in Athletics, she was again a 100 m semi-finalist, but secured a silver medal with the relay team of Roos, Sandra Görigk and Esther Möller, finishing behind Jamaica.

After winning the German under-23 100 m title, she was selected to run at the 1995 World Championships in Athletics both individually and in the relay. She reached the quarter-finals of the 100 m, recording a best of 11.54 seconds in that round, but was eliminated in seventh place. A German senior women's team of Melanie Paschke, Silke Lichtenhagen, Silke-Beate Knoll, and Becker finished the relay final in a time of 43.01, with Becker anchoring the team to the finish line to secure the World Championships bronze medal behind the American and Jamaican teams.

## Personal bests

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Germany | | | | | |
| 1992 | World Junior Championships | Seoul, South Korea | 10th (semis) | 100 m | 11.83 |
| 1993 | European Junior Championships | San Sebastián, Spain | 7th | 100 m | 11.74 |
| | | | 3rd | 4×100 m relay | 44.60 |
| 1994 | World Junior Championships | Lisbon, Portugal | 12th (semis) | 100 m | 11.66 (wind: +1.3 m/s) |
| | | | 2nd | 4×100 m relay | 44.78 |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 7th (q-finals) | 100 m | 11.54 |
| | | | 3rd | 4×100 m relay | 43.01 |

## InfoBox

Gabriele Becker
| Medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Women's athletics | | |
| Representing  Germany | | |
| World Championships | | |
|  | 1995 Gothenburg | 4×100 m relay |


title: Melia (mythology)

abstract:
In Greek mythology, Melia or Melie was the name of several figures. The name Melia comes from μελία, the ancient Greek word for ash-tree. In the plural, the Meliae were a class of nymphs associated with trees, particularly ash-trees. There were several other nymphs named Melia, not necessarily associated with trees, these include:
  - Melia, a Theban cult figure, who was the mother of Tenerus and Ismenus, by Apollo. She was said to be a daughter of Oceanus.
  - Melia, mother of Phoroneus and Aegialeus, by her brother Inachus, the Argive river-god. She was also said to be a daughter of Oceanus.
  - Melia, an Oceanid and a Bithynian nymph, who was the mother, by Poseidon, of Amycus, king of the Bebryces.
  - Melia, the mother by Silenus of Dolion, the eponym of the Doliones. This is according to the third-century BC poet and grammarian Alexander Aetolus, as reported by the late first-century BC-early first-century AD geographer Strabo.
  - Melia, the mother by Apollo of Keos, the eponym of the island Keos, according to the third-century BC poet Callimachus. Two other personages named Melia, are known from scholia citing the fifth-century BC mythographer Pherecydes:
  - Melia, daughter of King Agenor of Tyre and Damno, and the sister of Phoenix and Isaie. She and her sister became the wives of their first cousins Danaus and Aegyptus, sons of Belus.
  - Melia, one of the Niobids, the children of Amphion and his wife Niobe, slain by Apollo and Artemis, because of a boast by Niobe. According to the scholia, Pherecydes said she had seven brothers: Alalkomenus, Phereus, Eudoros, Lysippos, Xanthus, and Argeius, and six sisters: Chione, Clytie, Hore, Damasippe, and Pelopia.

text:
# Melia (mythology)

In Greek mythology, **Melia** or **Melie** (Ancient Greek Μελία, Μελίη) was the name of several figures. The name Melia comes from *μελία*, the ancient Greek word for ash-tree. In the plural, the Meliae were a class of nymphs associated with trees, particularly ash-trees. There were several other nymphs (or possible nymphs) named Melia, not necessarily associated with trees, these include:

Two other personages named Melia, are known from scholia citing the fifth-century BC mythographer Pherecydes:

* *Callimachus: Aetia, Iambi, Hecale and Other Fragments; Musaeus: Hero and Leander*. Edited and translated by C. A. Trypanis, T. Gelzer, Cedric H. Whitman. Loeb Classical Library No. 421. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1973. ISBN 978-0-674-99463-8. Online version at Harvard University Press.
* Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy, *Python: A Study of Delphic Myth and Its Origins*, University of California Press, 1959. ISBN 9780520040915.
* Fowler, R. L. (2000), *Early Greek Mythography: Volume 1: Text and Introduction*, Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0198147404.
* Fowler, R. L. (2013), *Early Greek Mythography: Volume 2: Commentary*, Oxford University Press, 2013. ISBN 978-0198147411.
* Gantz, Timothy, *Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources*, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: ISBN 978-0-8018-5360-9 (Vol. 1), ISBN 978-0-8018-5362-3 (Vol. 2).
* Smith, William; *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology*, London (1867). Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
* Strabo, *Geography*, translated by Horace Leonard Jones; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. (1924). LacusCurtis, Online version at the Perseus Digital Library, Books 614.


title: Memecylon sylvaticum

abstract: Memecylon sylvaticum is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. It is reportedly found in Dolukanda on an isolated hill in Kurunegala district.

text:
# Memecylon sylvaticum

***Memecylon sylvaticum*** is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. It is reportedly found in Dolukanda on an isolated hill in Kurunegala district.

## InfoBox

| *Memecylon sylvaticum* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 2.3) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Melastomataceae |
| Genus: | *Memecylon* |
| Species: | ***M. sylvaticum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Memecylon sylvaticum***
Thw. | |
|


title: Memecylon sessilicarpum

abstract: Memecylon sessilicarpum is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Mozambique.

text:
# Memecylon sessilicarpum

***Memecylon sessilicarpum*** is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Mozambique.

## InfoBox

| *Memecylon sessilicarpum* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 2.3) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Melastomataceae |
| Genus: | *Memecylon* |
| Species: | ***M. sessilicarpum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Memecylon sessilicarpum***
A.Fern & R.Fern. | |
|


abstract: Henryków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubień Kujawski, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

text:
# Henryków, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

**Henryków** \[xɛnˈrɨkuf\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubień Kujawski, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Henryków | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Henryków | |
| Coordinates: 52°22′47″N 19°10′32″E / 52.37972°N 19.17556°E / 52.37972; 19.17556 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Kuyavian-Pomeranian |
| County | Włocławek |
| Gmina | Lubień Kujawski |


title: Hestan Island

abstract: Hestan Island is a small coastal island at the southern foot of the River Urr estuary in the Solway Firth, in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland. This small island measures approximately 460 by 270 metres and at its highest elevation sits at just over 50 metres above sea level. The isle of Hestan lies at the mouth of Auchencairn Bay in the region of Dumfries and Galloway in the former county of Kirkcudbrightshire. A lighthouse was built on the eastern side of the island by Alan Stevenson in 1850. At certain conditions of low tide the island is accessible on foot as there is a natural causeway of shingle and mussels from Almorness Point to the northern tip of Hestan. The island can also be reached on foot from Rockcliffe during the time of spring tides, but requires wading across the lowest parts of the river Urr out on the mudflats. It is a two-mile walk and, unlike other parts of the Solway mudflats and, say, Morecambe Bay, you can walk faster than the incoming tide if you leave Hestan a bit late. At the southern tip of the island is the notably-named "Daft Ann's Steps", a series of pinnacles where, legends say, a girl of lesser intelligence attempted to lay stepping stones ahead of her to reach the Balcary Point and drowned. There are ruins of a manor house built for Edward Balliol near the north of the island. In the 18th century the island was used as a centre of smuggling activity, with goods being stored in the caves on the south west of the island where there was reputed to have been shelves cut into the rock. Samuel Rutherford Crockett made great play with this in his novel The Raiders. Balcary House, on the opposite shore, now Balcary Bay Hotel, was used by a firm of smugglers which used its cellars to conceal their contraband. The island is a popular destination for sea kayakers. Hestan Island is one of 43 tidal islands that can be walked to from the mainland of Great Britain and one of 17 that can be walked to from the Scottish mainland.

text:
# Hestan Island

**Hestan Island** is a small coastal island at the southern foot of the River Urr estuary in the Solway Firth, in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland. This small island measures approximately 460 by 270 metres (1,510 by 890 feet) and at its highest elevation sits at just over 50 metres (160 feet) above sea level.

The isle of **Hestan** lies at the mouth of Auchencairn Bay in the region of Dumfries and Galloway in the former county of Kirkcudbrightshire. A lighthouse was built on the eastern side of the island by Alan Stevenson in 1850.

At certain conditions of low tide the island is accessible on foot as there is a natural causeway of shingle and mussels from Almorness Point to the northern tip of Hestan. The island can also be reached on foot from Rockcliffe during the time of spring tides, but requires wading (knee to thigh deep) across the lowest parts of the river Urr out on the mudflats. It is a two-mile walk and, unlike other parts of the Solway mudflats and, say, Morecambe Bay, you can walk faster than the incoming tide if you leave Hestan a bit late.

At the southern tip of the island is the notably-named "Daft Ann's Steps", a series of pinnacles where, legends say, a girl of lesser intelligence attempted to lay stepping stones ahead of her to reach the Balcary Point and drowned.

There are ruins of a manor house built for Edward Balliol near the north of the island.

In the 18th century the island was used as a centre of smuggling activity, with goods being stored in the caves on the south west of the island where there was reputed to have been shelves cut into the rock. Samuel Rutherford Crockett made great play with this in his novel *The Raiders*. Balcary House, on the opposite shore, now Balcary Bay Hotel, was used by a firm of smugglers which used its cellars to conceal their contraband.

The island is a popular destination for sea kayakers.

Hestan Island is one of 43 tidal islands that can be walked to from the mainland of Great Britain and one of 17 that can be walked to from the Scottish mainland.

54°49′56″N 3°48′33″W / 54.8321°N 3.8092°W / 54.8321; -3.8092

## InfoBox

Hestan Island Lighthouse
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Hestan Island
Solway Firth
Scotland
United Kingdom |
| OS grid | NX8395550177 |
| Coordinates | 54°49′59″N 3°48′29″W / 54.832931°N 3.808020°W / 54.832931; -3.808020 |
| Tower | |
| Constructed | 1850 (first)
1893 (second) |
| Construction | skeletal tower |
| Height | 23 metres (75 ft) |
| Shape | unusual quadrangular tower covered by slatted daymark panels |
| Markings | white tower |
| Power source | solar power |
| Operator | Northern Lighthouse Board |
|  | |
| Light | |
| First lit | 1996 (current) |
| Focal height | 42 metres (138 ft) |
| Range | 9 nmi (17 km; 10 mi) |
| Characteristic | Fl (2) W 10s. |
|  | |


title: Monnechroma hovorei

abstract: Monnechroma hovorei is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Giesbert in 1998. It is known from Costa Rica.

text:
# Monnechroma hovorei

***Monnechroma hovorei*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Giesbert in 1998. It is known from Costa Rica.

## InfoBox

| *Monnechroma hovorei* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Monnechroma* |
| Species: | ***M. hovorei*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Monnechroma hovorei***<br>(Giesbert, 1998) | |
|


title: Henry Lee (surgeon)

abstract: Henry Lee was an English surgeon, pathologist and syphilologist.

text:
# Henry Lee (surgeon)

**Henry Lee** (18 February 1817  11 June 1898) was an English surgeon, pathologist and syphilologist.

## Early life

Henry Lee was born on 18 February 1817 at Wooley Firs, White Waltham, near Maidenhead, Berkshire, the eldest son of Henry Pincke Lee and Matilda Lee.

His father, a captain in the Royal Artillery rose to be a lieutenant-colonel. Lee started his medical education at King's College in 1833, transferring to St George's Hospital in the following year, later becoming one of its first surgical registrars. He became MRCS in February 1839 and FRCS in December 1844.

## Career

In 1847 Lee was appointed assistant surgeon at the newly founded King's College Hospital and also became a consulting surgeon to Queen Charlotte's Hospital and the London Lock Hospital where he started work as a syphilologist. In 1861 he returned to St George's Hospital, becoming a full surgeon there two years later. Lee had a long connection with the Royal College of Surgeons, having been awarded its Jacksonian Prize in 1849 with his dissertation *on the Causes, Consequences and Treatment of Purulent Deposits*. He was a member of the Council between 1870 and 1878, and in 1875 delivered the *Museum Lectures on Surgery and Pathology* as Hunterian Professor, his subject being "Syphilis and Local Diseases affecting principally the Organs of Generation". At St George's Hospital he became the curator of its museum and was a lecturer in physiology.

Lee was a follower of the teaching of John Hunter. His friend Timothy Holmes, who wrote his obituary notice in the *Lancet*, was of the opinion that his works most likely to stand the test of time were his treatise on practical pathology, his lectures on syphilis and his treatise on venereal diseases in Holmes's *System of Surgery*. Lee was the author of many works and contributions to scientific journals.

## Later life

Lee retired in 1878, at the age of 60 and lived a further twenty years, dying at his home, 61 Queensborough Terrace, Hyde Park, on 11 June 1898. He was twice married, firstly to Anne Elizabeth Ellaby and in 1877 to Marion Hutchinson who survived him, as did his three daughters of both marriages, though his only son predeceased him. He is buried on the west side of Highgate Cemetery.

There is a portrait of Lee, by James Sant RA, in the Secretary's room of the Royal College of Surgeons, and his bust by Thomas Brock in the Hall of the college.

## InfoBox

| Henry Lee | |
| --- | --- |
| 1873 photo (Wellcome Collection) | |
| Born | (1817-02-18)18 February 1817<br>White Waltham, England |
| Died | 11 June 1898(1898-06-11) (aged 81) |
| Resting place | Highgate Cemetery |
| Occupation | Surgeon |


title: Murder of Christian Prince

abstract: Christian Haley Prince was a Yale University student whose murder in New Haven, Connecticut, highlighted racial and class tensions between town and gown.

text:
# Murder of Christian Prince

**Christian Haley Prince** (July 8, 1971 – February 17, 1991) was a Yale University student whose murder in New Haven, Connecticut, highlighted racial and class tensions between town and gown.

## Incident

Prince, the son of Edward and Sally Prince of Chevy Chase, Maryland, was a fourth-generation Yale student, a member of the class of 1993 in his sophomore year, in Pierson College. The evening of February 16, 1991, after having dined at Mory's and attending a party at Sterling-Sheffield-Strathcona Hall, Prince left his friends and began walking to his off-campus apartment on Whitney Avenue to rest for lacrosse practice the next day. Prince was found lying on the steps of St. Mary's Church, New Haven on Hillhouse Avenue, dead of a bullet wound to the heart, in the early morning hours of February 17. He was the first Yale student killed on campus since the murder of Gary Stein during a robbery near Grove Street Cemetery in 1974.

His death stunned the campus, and more than 1,000 people attended his funeral in Washington, D.C., where Prince's brother Ted, a Yale graduate, gave the eulogy. There was a short term significant decline in applications to Yale which was directly attributed to the murder. Yale's president, Benno Schmidt, resigned the following year after a contentious six-year term filled with myriad problems, including badly deteriorated town-gown relations highlighted by Prince's murder.

After the murder of Christian Prince, university administrators spent millions of dollars on security infrastructure. Emergency phones and improved lighting were installed; the university police department's size was expanded and a new security force was founded.

## Arrest and trial

In May 1991, James Duncan Fleming was arrested for Prince's murder on a tip from Randy Fleming, a non-related friend of James Fleming.

Randy Fleming was questioned by police and made these claims under oath:

> He and James wanted money to attend a rap performance and James suggested they "stick up a cracker." James Fleming spotted Prince walking home and demanded his money at gunpoint. Prince handed over his wallet, whereupon James Fleming pistol-whipped him, said "I ought to shoot this cracker", and then fired his gun, fatally wounding Prince. James Fleming then dropped the wallet in his haste to escape.

A year later, at James Fleming's trial, Randy Fleming recanted his original statements, claiming that the police had forced him to lie. The jury convicted James Fleming on conspiracy to rob Prince, acquitted him on the charge of first-degree murder, and failed to return a verdict on charges of felony murder and attempted robbery. A second jury acquitted James Fleming on the latter two charges in March 1993, and Fleming was sentenced to nine years in prison.

### Citations

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Christian Prince | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Christian Haley Prince
(1971-07-18)July 18, 1971
Chevy Chase, Maryland, U.S. |
| Died | February 17, 1991(1991-02-17) (aged 19)
New Haven, Connecticut, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Shooting |
| Resting place | Rock Creek Cemetery
Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Nationality | American |