title: Georgina Bruni

abstract: Georgina Bruni was a British businesswoman and a UFO researcher best known for her book on the Rendlesham Forest incident, You Can't Tell the People. She worked as a celebrity events organizer and as the founder and editor in chief of the online magazine Hot Gossip.

text:
# Georgina Bruni

**Georgina Bruni** (born **Linda Naylor**; 12 January 1947 – 19 January 2008) was a British businesswoman and a UFO researcher best known for her book on the Rendlesham Forest incident, *You Can't Tell the People*. She worked as a celebrity events organizer and as the founder and editor in chief of the online magazine *Hot Gossip*.

## Biography

Born Linda Naylor, Bruni trained as a private investigator and subsequently became an investigative journalist in the 1980s. She specialized in the researching and reporting on cults and the paranormal. According to an obituary by fellow UFO researcher Nick Pope, she travelled extensively and at various times lived in Jersey, Italy, Hong Kong and America, before settling in London in 1992." She died from ovarian cancer on 19 January 2008. Obituary for Georgina Bruni Archived March 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, twinbases.org.uk; accessed 7 March 2016.\</ref\>

### *You Can't Tell the People*

Bruni wrote one book called *You Can't Tell the People*, a study of Britain's most famous UFO case, the Rendlesham Forest incident of December 1980. It was published in hardback by Sidgwick & Jackson in November 2000, and in paperback by Pan Macmillan in November 2001. The title comes from a quotation Bruni claims to have been spoken by Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister at the time of the events in 1980: "UFOs! You must get your facts right and you can't tell the people".

The hardback edition was launched at media event held at the Ministry of Defence, alongside fellow UFO researcher Nick Pope.

### Post-publication

After its publication, she worked with Admiral of the Fleet Lord Peter Hill-Norton, who asked questions in the House of Lords regarding the case.

## InfoBox

| Georgina Bruni | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Linda Naylor
(1947-01-12)January 12, 1947
Sheffield, Yorkshire, England |
| Died | 19 January 2008(2008-01-19) (aged 61)
Knightsbridge, London, UK |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist
Ufologist |


title: Propeller.com

abstract: Propeller was a social news aggregator operated by AOL-Netscape. It was similar to Digg; users could vote for which stories are to be included on the front page and could comment on them as well. As of October 1, 2010, Propeller ceased to be active. The Chief Architect of the site was Brian Alvey and the lead developer of the site was Alex Rudloff. It was maintained by Weblogs, Inc. CEO Jason Calacanis until he left AOL in November 2006. The last director was Tom Drapeau. Netscape's market share had been declining for over a year at the time of the change over. Propeller was hosted on the Netscape.com domain from June 2006 to September 2007 when it was replaced by the AOL Netscape generic portal. The previous version of Propeller was released to mixed reactions. Some users liked that they had more participation ability while others found the pages to be harder to navigate and not as structured. Soon after the release of the new site, a story entitled "Netscape's Blunder" was the top rated story.

text:
# Propeller.com

**Propeller** was a social news aggregator operated by AOL-Netscape. It was similar to Digg; users could vote for which stories are to be included on the front page and could comment on them as well. As of October 1, 2010, Propeller ceased to be active.

The Chief Architect of the site was Brian Alvey and the lead developer of the site was Alex Rudloff. It was maintained by Weblogs, Inc. CEO Jason Calacanis until he left AOL in November 2006. The last director was Tom Drapeau. Netscape's market share had been declining for over a year at the time of the change over.

Propeller was hosted on the Netscape.com domain from June 2006 to September 2007 when it was replaced by the AOL Netscape generic portal.

The previous version of Propeller was released to mixed reactions. Some users liked that they had more participation ability while others found the pages to be harder to navigate and not as structured. Soon after the release of the new site, a story entitled "Netscape's Blunder" was the top rated story.

## Anchors

Propeller had several "anchors", which were led by James Marcus, who work on maintaining the site and featuring stories in the "anchor picks" box on the home page. This creates a slightly different environment from Digg, as Digg's homepage rankings are based solely on user votes, where Propeller's are based on both. The rest of the team includes Alexia Prichard.

## Scouts

Propeller also paid a small number of power users called Scouts. This group was run by Ryan Budke and made up of Weblogs, Inc. bloggers, Propeller power users and celebrities, including Wil Wheaton. Other scouts included bloggers such as Jeff Hoard, Angry Ken, Karina Longworth, Steve Head, Greg DeMaderios, Henry Wang, Digidave, TweekerChick and Corey Spring. These users were called Navigators until the relaunch of the Netscape Navigator browser, at which point the name was changed to avoid confusion.


title: Francis Arkwright (cricketer)

abstract: Francis Godfrey Bertram Arkwright was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer. After a brief first-class cricket career, he served with the 12th Lancers for nearly twenty years, prior to his death during the Second World War.

text:
# Francis Arkwright (cricketer)

**Francis Godfrey Bertram Arkwright** DSO MC (30 January 1905 – 1 July 1942) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer. After a brief first-class cricket career, he served with the 12th Lancers for nearly twenty years, prior to his death during the Second World War.

## Cricket and military career

The son of Bertram Harry Godfrey Arkwright (1879–1949) and his wife, Grace Emma Julia Arkwright (née Hurt) (c.1875–1950), he was born at Bromley in January 1905. He was educated at Eton College, where he played for the cricket eleven. In his second year, he shared in a partnership of 301 for the second wicket with Eddie Dawson against Winchester College, which was a record partnership for the fixture. In 1923, he led the Eton batting averages with an average of 52.44. He was noted by *Wisden* whilst at Eton as being a "brilliant stylish batsman" who used his "fine physique in front of the wicket forcing strokes, besides the powerful drive". In the same year that he led the Eton averages, Arkwright made three first-class appearances for Hampshire in the County Championship, playing twice against Lancashire and once against Yorkshire. However, he was unable to repeat his Eton success at first-class level, scoring just 44 runs in his three matches, with a highest score of 14. After completing his education at Eton, Arkwright pursued a career in the British Army. He graduated from the Royal Military College at Sandhurst (RMC) into the 12th Lancers as a second lieutenant in January 1925. In the same year that he graduated from the RMC, Arkwright made a single first-class appearance for the British Army cricket team against Cambridge University at Fenner's.

Arkwright was promoted to lieutenant in January 1927, prior to his secondment to the Sudan Defence Force (SDF) in June 1932. While with the SDF, he held the rank of bimbashi (the equivalent of captain) and commanded No. 1 Motor Machine Gun Company. During the early months of 1934, Arkwright notably occupied Ain Murr in the remote Jebel Uweinat during the Sarra Dispute with Italy, which was the occupying power in neighbouring Libya. Upon his return to England in July 1934, he was restored to the 12th Lancers as an adjutant with the rank of captain.

He went up to the British Army Staff College at Camberley, Surrey in September 1939, when the Second World War began. After graduating, he was sent to France as a staff officer and saw action in the Battle of France in May and June 1940, where he was made a brigade major and placed in charge of a tank formation. For his actions during the campaign, he was awarded the Military Cross in October 1940. After returning to England, he was sent to North Africa in 1941. In January 1942, he was promoted to major, whilst in May 1942 he was placed in command of the 4th County of London Yeomanry. Arkwright was killed in action on 1 July 1942, at Acroma in Italian Libya, having been struck by an armour piercing round; he was later commemorated on the Alamein Memorial. He was posthumously made a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order in August 1942.

Arkwright was survived by his wife, Joyce. His elder brother was Robert Arkwright, who commanded the 2nd Infantry Division during the Second World War. His grandfather was the Reverend William Harry Arkwright, the older brother of the politician Francis Arkwright (1846–1915).

## InfoBox

Francis Arkwright
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Francis Godfrey Bertram Arkwright |
| Born | (1905-01-30)30 January 1905
Bromley, Kent, England |
| Died | 1 July 1942(1942-07-01) (aged 37)
Acroma, Italian Libya |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1923 | Hampshire |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class  Matches 4  Runs scored 67  Batting average 9.57  100s/50s –/–  Top score 23  Catches/stumpings 2/– | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 23 December 2009 | |


title: Mishka NYC

abstract: Mishka NYC is a streetwear company and record label currently headquartered in Los Angeles, California. It was established in 2003 by Mikhail Bortnik and Greg Rivera in Brooklyn, New York. Featuring bright colors and grotesque but playful cartoon imagery, the brand designs T-shirts, hats, sweaters, and accessories. Mishka NYC's most notable design is the "Keep Watch" eyeball and the "Bearmop" logo, a cartoon bear.

text:
# Mishka NYC

**Mishka NYC** is a streetwear company and record label currently headquartered in Los Angeles, California. It was established in 2003 by Mikhail Bortnik and Greg Rivera in Brooklyn, New York. Featuring bright colors and grotesque but playful cartoon imagery, the brand designs T-shirts, hats, sweaters, and accessories. Mishka NYC's most notable design is the "Keep Watch" eyeball and the "Bearmop" logo, a cartoon bear.

## InfoBox

Mishka NYC
| Industry | Clothing & Apparel |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 2003 |
| Founder | Mikhail Bortnik <br>Greg Rivera |
| Headquarters | Los Angeles, California |
| Products | Streetwear |


title: I Heard You're Married

abstract: "I Heard You're Married" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter the Weeknd featuring American rapper Lil Wayne. It was released as the fourteenth track on the former's fifth studio album, Dawn FM, on January 7, 2022. A synth-pop and electro-funk track, the two artists wrote the song with producers Calvin Harris and Oneohtrix Point Never with more production credits going to the Weeknd, Max Martin, and Oscar Holter. It is the second collaboration between the Weeknd and Lil Wayne, following their collaboration on the song "I'm Good" from the latter's mixtape, Dedication 5 (2013). The song was met with generally positive reviews, with praise for its production and the Weeknd's vocals.

text:
# I Heard You're Married

"**I Heard You're Married**" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter the Weeknd featuring American rapper Lil Wayne. It was released as the fourteenth track on the former's fifth studio album, *Dawn FM*, on January 7, 2022. A synth-pop and electro-funk track, the two artists wrote the song with producers Calvin Harris and Oneohtrix Point Never with more production credits going to the Weeknd, Max Martin, and Oscar Holter. It is the second collaboration between the Weeknd and Lil Wayne, following their collaboration on the song "I'm Good" from the latter's mixtape, *Dedication 5* (2013). The song was met with generally positive reviews, with praise for its production and the Weeknd's vocals.

## Background and promotion

The song's name was first revealed on January 5, 2022, when Canadian singer the Weeknd posted the track listing for the song's parent album *Dawn FM* (2022).

It was originally set to be sent to US rhythmic contemporary radio through XO and Republic Records on January 11, 2022, as the third single from the album until its release was canceled, with "Sacrifice", the second single of *Dawn FM*, being sent instead.

## Lyrics and composition

"I Heard You're Married" has been described as a synth-pop track where the Weeknd and Lil Wayne sing about the experience of being a side lover to a partner that is already married. The song runs for a duration of four minutes and twenty-four seconds.

## Critical reception

"I Heard You're Married" has received generally positive reviews. Some critics noted the song as a highlight on the record, with particular praise being given to the song's production. Mankaprr Conteh from *Rolling Stone* drew comparisons to Prince, saying the song's "smooth groove and splashy percussion" reminded him of the musical icon.

## Charts

Chart performance for "I Heard You're Married"
| Chart (2022) | Peak<br>position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 56 |
| Australia Hip-Hop/R&B Singles (ARIA) | 21 |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 24 |
| France (SNEP) | 124 |
| Global 200 (*Billboard*) | 33 |
| Greece International (IFPI) | 30 |
| Iceland (Tónlistinn) | 34 |
| Lithuania (AGATA) | 24 |
| Portugal (AFP) | 38 |
| Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100) | 96 |
| South Africa (TOSAC) | 70 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 83 |
| UK Audio Streaming (OCC) | 67 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 62 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 25 |

## InfoBox

| "I Heard You're Married" | |
| --- | --- |
| Song by the Weeknd featuring Lil Wayne | |
| from the album  *Dawn FM* | |
| Released | January 7, 2022 (2022-01-07) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 4:24 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) |  |


title: NGC 660

abstract: NGC 660 is a peculiar and unique polar-ring galaxy located approximately 45 million light-years from Earth in the Pisces constellation. It is the only such galaxy having, as its host, a "late-type lenticular galaxy". It was probably formed when two galaxies collided a billion years ago. However, it may have first started as a disk galaxy that captured matter from a passing galaxy. This material could have, over time, become "strung out" to form a rotating ring. The ring is not actually polar, but rather has an inclination from the plane of the host disk of approximately 45 degrees. The extreme number of pinkish star-forming areas that occurs along the galaxy's ring could be the result of the gravitation interaction caused by this collision. The ring is 50,000 light-years across – much broader than the disk itself – and has a greater amount of gas and star formation than the host disk. This likely indicates a very violent origin. The polar ring contains objects numbering in the hundreds, many of which are red and blue supergiant stars. The most recently created stars in the ring are approximately 7 million years old. This indicates that the formation of these stars has been a long process and is still occurring. Data about the dark matter halo of NGC 660 can be extracted by observing the gravitational effects of the dark matter on the disk and ring's rotation. From the core of the disk, radio waves are being emitted. The source of these waves is an area only 21 light-years across. This may indicate the presence of a super-cluster of stars located within an area of cloud of gas. The region in the centre has a vast amount of star formation, so luminous that it is considered to be a starburst galaxy. Late in 2012, this polar-ring galaxy produced an enormous outburst having a magnitude of approximately ten times brighter than a supernova explosion. The cause is not certain, but this event may have resulted from a tremendous jet being emanated from the galaxy's central black hole. NGC 660 is a member of the M74 Group.

text:
# NGC 660

**NGC 660** is a peculiar and unique polar-ring galaxy located approximately 45 million light-years from Earth in the Pisces constellation. It is the only such galaxy having, as its host, a "late-type lenticular galaxy". It was probably formed when two galaxies collided a billion years ago. However, it may have first started as a disk galaxy that captured matter from a passing galaxy. This material could have, over time, become "strung out" to form a rotating ring.

The ring is not actually polar, but rather has an inclination from the plane of the host disk of approximately 45 degrees. The extreme number of pinkish star-forming areas that occurs along the galaxy's ring could be the result of the gravitation interaction caused by this collision. The ring is 50,000 light-years across – much broader than the disk itself – and has a greater amount of gas and star formation than the host disk. This likely indicates a very violent origin. The polar ring contains objects numbering in the hundreds, many of which are red and blue supergiant stars. The most recently created stars in the ring are approximately 7 million years old. This indicates that the formation of these stars has been a long process and is still occurring.

Data about the dark matter halo of NGC 660 can be extracted by observing the gravitational effects of the dark matter on the disk and ring's rotation. From the core of the disk, radio waves are being emitted. The source of these waves is an area only 21 light-years across. This may indicate the presence of a super-cluster of stars located within an area of cloud of gas. The region in the centre has a vast amount of star formation, so luminous that it is considered to be a starburst galaxy.

Late in 2012, this polar-ring galaxy produced an enormous outburst having a magnitude of approximately ten times brighter than a supernova explosion. The cause is not certain, but this event may have resulted from a tremendous jet being emanated from the galaxy's central black hole.

NGC 660 is a member of the M74 Group.

* Media related to NGC 660 at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| NGC 660 | |
| --- | --- |
| NGC 660 showing polar-galaxy structure (Gemini Observatory, AURA) | |
| Observation data (J2000.0 epoch) | |
| Constellation | Pisces |
| Right ascension | 01h 43m 02.4s |
| Declination | +13° 38 42 |
| Redshift | 0.002842 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.0 |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | SB(s)a pec / Polar-ring galaxy |
| Apparent size (V) | 2.710 × 0.840 arcmin |
| Other designations | |
| NGC 660, PGC 6318, LEDA 6318, UGC 1201 | |


title: HMS B2

abstract: HMS B2 was one of 11 B-class submarines built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.

text:
# HMS B2

**HMS *B2*** was one of 11 B-class submarines built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.

## Design and description

The B class was an enlarged and improved version of the preceding A class. The submarines had a length of 142 feet 3 inches (43.4 m) overall, a beam of 12 feet 7 inches (3.8 m) and a mean draft of 11 feet 2 inches (3.4 m). They displaced 287 long tons (292 t) on the surface and 316 long tons (321 t) submerged. The B-class submarines had a crew of two officers and thirteen ratings.

For surface running, the boats were powered by a single 16-cylinder 600-brake-horsepower (447 kW) Vickers petrol engine that drove one propeller shaft. When submerged the propeller was driven by a 180-horsepower (134 kW) electric motor. They could reach 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) on the surface and 6.5 knots (12.0 km/h; 7.5 mph) underwater. On the surface, the B class had a range of 1,000 nautical miles (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) at 8.7 knots (16.1 km/h; 10.0 mph).

The boats were armed with two 18-inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes in the bow. They could carry a pair of reload torpedoes, but generally did not as they would have to remove an equal weight of fuel in compensation.

## Construction and career

*B2* was built by Vickers at their Barrow-in-Furness shipyard, launched on 30 October 1905 and completed on 9 December 1905. The boat was lost when she accidentally collided with SS *Amerika* 4 mi (6.4 km) northeast of Dover in the early hours of 4 October 1912. She was commanded by Lieutenant P.B. O’Brien and was one of several submarines sent to Dover to take part in Channel exercises during the extended lead up to the First World War. *B2* was surfaced and was struck just forward of the conning tower. The accident resulted in the deaths of 15 crew members. The only survivor was the boat's bridge officer, Lt. Pulleyne. The boat was not recovered in order to allow the bodies to remain undisturbed. In recent years the wreck was discovered by amateur divers.

* Akermann, Paul (2002). *Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955* (reprint of the 1989 ed.). Penzance, Cornwall: Periscope Publishing. ISBN 1-904381-05-7.
* Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). *Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921*. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
* Harrison, A. N. (January 1979). "The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043)". United Kingdom Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 16 September 2019  via RN Subs.
* Kemp, Paul & Jung, Peter (1989). "Five Broken Down B Boats: British Submarine Operations in the Northern Adriatic 1915–1917". *Warship International*. **XXVI** (1): 10–29. ISSN 0043-0374.
* Wilson, Michael (1981). "The British 'B' Class Submarine". In Roberts, John (ed.). *Warship Volume V*. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 38–44, 74–79. ISBN 0-85177-244-7.

## InfoBox

| HMS *B2* | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS *B2* |
| Builder | Vickers |
| Launched | 30 October 1905 |
| Completed | 9 December 1905 |
| Fate | Lost, 4 October 1912 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | B-class submarine |
| Displacement | * 287 long tons (292 t) surfaced * 316 long tons (321 t) submerged |
| Length | 142 ft 3 in (43.4 m) |
| Beam | 12 ft 7 in (3.8 m) |
| Draught | 11 ft 2 in (3.4 m) |
| Installed power | * 600 bhp (450 kW) petrol * 180 hp (130 kW) electric |
| Propulsion |  |
| Speed | * 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) surfaced * 6.5 kn (12.0 km/h; 7.5 mph) submerged |
| Range | 1,000 nmi (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) at 8.7 kn (16.1 km/h; 10.0 mph) on the surface |
| Test depth | 100 feet (30.5 m) |
| Complement | 2 officers and 13 ratings |
| Armament | 2 × 18 in (450 mm) bow torpedo tubes |


title: Kosmača

abstract: Kosmača is a village in the municipality of Kuršumlija, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 108 people.

text:
# Kosmača

**Kosmača** is a village in the municipality of Kuršumlija, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 108 people.

43°06′57″N 21°21′09″E / 43.11583°N 21.35250°E / 43.11583; 21.35250

## InfoBox

| Kosmača Космача (Serbian) | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Kosmača | |
| Coordinates: 43°06′57″N 21°21′09″E / 43.11583°N 21.35250°E / 43.11583; 21.35250 | |
| Country | Serbia |
| District | Toplica District |
| Municipality | Kuršumlija |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 108 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Walter Odington

abstract: Walter Odington was a 14th-century English Benedictine scientific author, most prominent for his work on musical theory. During the first part of his religious life he was stationed at Evesham and later removed to Oxford, where he was engaged in astronomical and mathematical work as early as 1316.

text:
# Walter Odington

**Walter Odington** (also known as **Walter of Evesham**) was a 14th-century English Benedictine scientific author, most prominent for his work on musical theory.

During the first part of his religious life he was stationed at Evesham and later removed to Oxford, where he was engaged in astronomical and mathematical work as early as 1316.

## Writings

Odington wrote chiefly on scientific subjects, with most of his works existing only in manuscript form. His major treatise, *De Speculatione Musices*, which Hugo Riemann says was written before 1300, was first published in complete form in Edmond de Coussemaker's *Scriptores*. In this work, he compiles most of the existing musical theory of his day, as well as some additions of his own.

Among Odington's own additions is his theory that, in practice, musicians often favour simple, just tuning of imperfect consonances, such as the major third, over the traditionally held Pythagorean tuning, which was the predominant theoretical framework. For example, he writes:

*Verumtamen quia vicinae sunt sesquiquartae et sesquiquintae habitudinibus...iccirco plurimos estimant consonas esse. Et si in numeris non reperiantur consoni, voces tamen hominum sua subtilitate ipsos ducunt in mixturam suavem...* Nevertheless, on account of their \[the Pythagorean tunings of the major and minor thirds\] being neighbours to 5:4 and 6:5...very many people therefore deem them to be consonances. And if they are not found to be consonant in number, human voices, by their own subtlety, nevertheless lead themselves into pleasant mixture...

Riemann credits Odington with theoretically establishing the consonance of minor and major thirds before the end of the thirteenth century.

Henry Davey, in his *History of English Music*, enumerates the following works:

* "*De Speculatione Musices*"
* "Ycocedron", a treatise on alchemy
* "*Declaratio motus octavæ spheræ*"
* "*Tractatus de multiplicatione specierum in visu secundum omnem modum*"
* "*Ars metrica*"
* "*Liber quintus geometriæ per numeros loco quantitatum*"
* "Calendar for Evesham Abbey"


title: Walter Troup

abstract: Major Walter Troup was an English first-class cricketer who was born in the North-Western Provinces, of British India. He was a member of the inaugural All-India team. He debuted for Gloucestershire in 1887 at the age of 17. A defensive batsman, it is said that he once batted for 95 minutes against Lancashire during a game in 1888 and didn't score a run. Troup often opened the batting with his captain WG Grace and made his highest score of 180 against Nottinghamshire at Bristol in 1898. When Grace left the county Troup became captain for a season before going back to India. He became District Superintendent of Police in the North-West Provinces of the country and in the war he was a captain in the Royal Flying Corps.

text:
# Walter Troup

**Major Walter Troup** (16 October 1869 – 14 December 1940) was an English first-class cricketer who was born in the North-Western Provinces, of British India. He was a member of the inaugural All-India team.

He debuted for Gloucestershire in 1887 at the age of 17. A defensive batsman, it is said that he once batted for 95 minutes against Lancashire during a game in 1888 and didn't score a run. Troup often opened the batting with his captain WG Grace and made his highest score of 180 against Nottinghamshire at Bristol in 1898. When Grace left the county Troup became captain for a season before going back to India. He became District Superintendent of Police in the North-West Provinces of the country and in the war he was a captain in the Royal Flying Corps.

## InfoBox

Walter Troup
| Troup in about 1895 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1869-10-16)16 October 1869
Meerut, British India |
| Died | 14 December 1940(1940-12-14) (aged 71)
Isleworth, England |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class  Matches 85  Runs scored 3,366  Batting average 26.09  100s/50s 7/12  Top score 180  Balls bowled 8  Wickets 0  Bowling average   5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling   Catches/stumpings 26/0 | |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive | |


title: Walter Toppo

abstract: Walter Toppo is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut on 16 January 2021, for Odisha in the 2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.

text:
# Walter Toppo

**Walter Toppo** (born 1 October 1994) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut on 16 January 2021, for Odisha in the 2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.

## InfoBox

Walter Toppo
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Walter Sushil Toppo |
| Born | (1994-10-01) 1 October 1994<br>Sundargarh, Odisha, India |
| Source: Cricinfo, 16 January 2021 | |


title: Walter Toscanini

abstract: Walter Toscanini was an Italian-American historian and ballet choreographer. He was the son of Maestro Arturo Toscanini and Carla De Martini, and brother to sisters Wanda Toscanini (1908–1998) and Wally Toscanini (1900–1991). He was married to Lucia Fornaroli, a La Scala ballerina. His son was Walfredo Toscanini (1929–2011).

text:
# Walter Toscanini

**Walter Toscanini** (March 19, 1898 — July, 1971) was an Italian-American historian and ballet choreographer. He was the son of Maestro Arturo Toscanini and Carla De Martini, and brother to sisters Wanda Toscanini (1908–1998) and Wally Toscanini (1900–1991). He was married to Lucia Fornaroli, a La Scala ballerina. His son was Walfredo Toscanini (1929–2011).

## Collection

* Cia Fornaroli and Walter Toscanini papers, 1953

Walter Toscanini and Lucia Fornaroli collected more than 3,300 dance related items, including prints, paintings, writings, which Toscanini then donated to the New York Public Library Jerome Robbins Dance Division, where it is entitled the Cia Fornaroli Collection.


title: HSwMS Tre Kronor

abstract: HSwMS Tre Kronor was a cruiser built for the Royal Swedish Navy during the Second World War.

text:
# HSwMS Tre Kronor

**HSwMS *Tre Kronor*** was a cruiser built for the Royal Swedish Navy during the Second World War.

## Description

The *Tre Kronor*-class ships had an overall length of 181.96 meters (597 ft 0 in), a beam of 16.45 metres (54 ft 0 in) and a draft of 5.94 metres (19 ft 6 in) at deep load. They displaced was 7,400 long tons (7,500 ) at normal load, which increased to 9,200 long tons (9,300 t) at deep load. Four steam boilers fed steam to two geared steam turbines that each drove a single propeller shaft. The engines were rated at 100,000 shaft horsepower (75,000 kW) which gave the ships a speed of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph). They had a complement of 618 officers and men.

## History

At the start of the war most of the ships of the Royal Swedish Navy were quite old and the navy was in need of new ships. In 1940 the government decided that three cruisers were to be built. A political debate broke out about the cruisers and works did not start until 1943. The ship was to be built in Götaverken in Gothenburg. Eventually only two of the cruisers were built, and the third cruiser-squadron of the Coastal Fleet would be led by the modernised AA-cruiser HSwMS *Gotland*.

The turrets used on HSwMS *Tre Kronor* were built by Bofors and were originally ordered by the Dutch Navy to be fitted on the two *De Zeven Provinciën*-class cruisers, but after the German occupation of the Netherlands the Swedish government was afraid they would be claimed by the Germans so they were confiscated.

*Tre Kronor* was launched 16 December 1944, commissioned on 25 October 1947, and served until 1 January 1964.

## Captains

* 1947–1948: Erik af Klint
* 1949–1951: Erik Friberg
* 1954–1954: Harry Bong
* 1954–1955: Magnus Starck
* 1955–1956: Åke Lindemalm
* 1956–1957: Magnus Hammar
* 1957–1958: Anders Nilson

## Bibliography

* Westerlund, Karl-Eric (1980). "Sweden". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). *Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946*. New York: Mayflower Books. pp. 368–377. ISBN 0-8317-0303-2.
* Westerlund, Karl-Eric & Chumbley, Stephen (1995). "Sweden". In Chumbley, Stephen (ed.). *Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995*. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 443–453. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
* Whitley, M. J. (1995). *Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia*. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-141-6.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| Sweden | |
| Name | *Tre Kronor* |
| Namesake | Tre Kronor |
| Builder | Götaverken, Gothenburg |
| Laid down | 27 September 1943 |
| Launched | 16 December 1944 |
| Commissioned | 25 October 1947 |
| Out of service | 1 January 1964 |
| Motto | * *För Sveriges frihet* * ("For the freedom of Sweden") |
| Fate | Stricken, 1 January 1964 and scrapped, 1968 |
| Badge |  |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | *Tre Kronor*-class cruiser |
| Displacement | 7,400 long tons (7,519 t) |
| Length | 181.96 m (597 ft 0 in) |
| Beam | 16.45 m (54 ft 0 in) |
| Draft | 5.9 m (19 ft 4 in) |
| Propulsion | 2 shafts, 90000shp |
| Speed | 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph) |
| Complement | 618 |
| Armament | * *As built* : * 7 × Bofors 152 mm guns * 20 × Bofors 40 mm guns * 9 × 20 mm guns * 6 × torpedo tubes * *From 1950* : * 7 × 152 mm (6 in) guns * 21 × 40 mm guns * 6 × 20 mm guns * 6 × torpedo tubes |
| Armor | * 70 mm (2.8 in) * Deck: 30 + 30 mm (1.2 + 1.2 in) * Conning tower and turrets: 127 mm (5 in) |


title: HSwMS Tordön

abstract:
Several ships of the Swedish Navy have been named HSwMS Tordön or HSwMS Thordön, named after the Old Norse word for thunder:
  - Thordön (1761) was a bomb vessel launched in 1741 and decommissioned in 1784
  - HSwMS Thordön (1865) was a John Ericsson-class monitor launched in 1865 and decommissioned in 1925
  - HSwMS Tordön (P165) was a Hugin-class patrol boat launched in 1981 and sold in 2008

text:
# HSwMS Tordön

Several ships of the Swedish Navy have been named **HSwMS *Tordön*** or **HSwMS *Thordön***, named after the Old Norse word for thunder:

## Citations

### Bibliography

* Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "Sweden". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). *Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905*. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 360–363. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
* Westerlund, Karl-Eric (1985). "Sweden". In Gray, Randal (ed.). *Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921*. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 355–363. ISBN 978-0-85177-245-5.
* Westerlund, Karl-Eric & Chumbley, Stephen (1995). "Sweden". In Chumbley, Stephen (ed.). *Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995*. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 443–453. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.


title: Namma Kuzhandaigal

abstract: Namma Kuzhandaigal is a 1970 Indian Tamil-language children's drama film directed by Srikanth and produced by D. Ramanaidu. It is based on writer Poovannan's novel Aalam Vizhudhu. The film stars Major Sundarrajan, Pandari Bai and Vennira Aadai Nirmala. It was released on 27 February 1970, and won three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards: Third Best Film, Best Female Playback Singer for S. Janaki, and Best Story Writer for Poovannan.

text:
# Namma Kuzhandaigal

***Namma Kuzhandaigal*** (transl.Our children) is a 1970 Indian Tamil-language children's drama film directed by Srikanth and produced by D. Ramanaidu. It is based on writer Poovannan's novel *Aalam Vizhudhu*. The film stars Major Sundarrajan, Pandari Bai and Vennira Aadai Nirmala. It was released on 27 February 1970, and won three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards: Third Best Film, Best Female Playback Singer for S. Janaki, and Best Story Writer for Poovannan.

## Plot

## Cast

## Production

*Namma Kuzhandaigal* is based on writer Poovannan's novel *Aalam Vizhudhu*. It was directed by Srikanth and produced by D. Ramanaidu under Vijaya & Suresh Combines, while the dialogues were written by Thuraiyur K. Murthi. The final cut of the film was 4,308.03 metres (14,134.0 ft).

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by M. S. Viswanathan, while the lyrics were written by Kannadasan.

Track listing
| No. | Title | Singer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Seethakkalappa" | Sirkazhi Govindarajan | 6:45 |
| 2. | "Radhaiyai" | S. Janaki | 3:24 |
| Total length: | | | 10:09 |

## Release and reception

*Namma Kuzhandaigal* was released on 27 February 1970. *The Indian Express* said the following day, "To inculcate values prudence, simplicity and honesty in children the movie has meandered into three tracts. Even so the first half of the film is very gripping. In the second half there are many unnecessary incidents and characters not related to the children's film. If one can ignore these it is recommendable film. The attempt is laudable." At the Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, the film won the following awards: Best Story Writer for Poovannan, Third Best Film, and Best Female Playback Singer for S. Janaki.

## InfoBox

| Namma Kuzhandaigal | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Srikanth |
| Based on | *Aalam Vizhudhu*
by Poovannan |
| Produced by | D. Ramanaidu |
| Starring | Major Sundarrajan
Pandari Bai
Vennira Aadai Nirmala |
| Music by | M. S. Viswanathan |
| Production
company | Vijaya & Suresh Combines |
| Release date | * 27 February 1970 (1970-February-27) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Tamil |


title: Wankendorf

abstract: Wankendorf is a municipality in the district of Plön, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approximately 24 km south of Kiel. Wankendorf is the seat of the Amt Bokhorst-Wankendorf.

text:
# Wankendorf

**Wankendorf** is a municipality in the district of Plön, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approximately 24 km south of Kiel.

Wankendorf is the seat of the *Amt* ("collective municipality") Bokhorst-Wankendorf.

## Literature

* Volker Griese & Heinrich Griese: *Wankendorf im Wandel der Zeit - Eine Chronik*. Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2009, 488 p., ISBN 3748130082

## InfoBox

| Wankendorf | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location of Wankendorf within Plön district | |
| Wankendorf Wankendorf | |
| Coordinates: 54°7′1″N 10°12′30″E / 54.11694°N 10.20833°E / 54.11694; 10.20833 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Schleswig-Holstein |
| District | Plön |
| Municipal assoc. | Bokhorst-Wankendorf |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Rüdiger Pries |
| Area | |
| Total | 13.34 km2 (5.15 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 42 m (138 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 2,918 |
| Density | 220/km2 (570/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 24601 |
| Dialling codes | 04326 |
| Vehicle registration | PLÖ |
| Website | www.amt-wankendorf.de |


title: Wankel AG LCR - 814 TGti

abstract: The Wankel AG LCR - 814 TGti is a German Wankel aircraft engine, designed and produced by Wankel AG of Kirchberg, Saxony for use in ultralight aircraft.

text:
# Wankel AG LCR - 814 TGti

The **Wankel AG LCR - 814 TGti** is a German Wankel aircraft engine, designed and produced by Wankel AG of Kirchberg, Saxony for use in ultralight aircraft.

## Design and development

The LCR - 814 TGti engine is a twin-rotor four-stroke, 814 cc (49.7 cu in) displacement, liquid-cooled, fuel injected, petrol, Wankel engine design, with a toothed poly V belt reduction drive with a reduction ratio of 3:1. It employs dual electronic ignition and produces 75 hp (56 kW) at 6000 rpm.

## Specifications (LCR - 814 TGti)

*Data from* Tacke

### General characteristics

* **Type:** Twin rotor, four stroke, Wankel aircraft engine
* **Displacement:** 814 cc (49.7 cu in)
* **Length:** 600 mm (23.6 in)
* **Width:** 462 mm (18.2 in)
* **Height:** 430 mm (16.9 in)
* **Dry weight:** 46 kg (101.4 lb)

### Components

* **Fuel type:** petrol, 92 octane
* **Cooling system:** liquid
* **Reduction gear:** toothed poly V belt

### Performance

* **Power output:** 75 hp (56 kW)

**Related lists**

## InfoBox

| LCR - 814 TGti | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Aircraft engine |
| National origin | Germany |
| Manufacturer | Wankel AG |


title: HPS3

abstract: Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome 3 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HPS3 gene. This gene encodes a protein containing a potential clathrin-binding motif, consensus dileucine signals, and tyrosine-based sorting signals for targeting to vesicles of lysosomal lineage. The encoded protein may play a role in organelle biogenesis associated with melanosomes, platelet dense granules, and lysosomes. Mutations in this gene are associated with Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 3. Alternate splice variants exist, but their full length sequence has not been determined.

text:
# HPS3

**Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome 3 protein** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *HPS3* gene.

This gene encodes a protein containing a potential clathrin-binding motif, consensus dileucine signals, and tyrosine-based sorting signals for targeting to vesicles of lysosomal lineage. The encoded protein may play a role in organelle biogenesis associated with melanosomes, platelet dense granules, and lysosomes. Mutations in this gene are associated with Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 3. Alternate splice variants exist, but their full length sequence has not been determined.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| HPS3 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | HPS3, SUTAL, BLOC2S1, biogenesis of lysosomal organelles complex 2 subunit 1, HPS3 biogenesis of lysosomal organelles complex 2 subunit 1 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 606118; MGI: 2153839; HomoloGene: 13019; GeneCards: HPS3; OMA:HPS3 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_001308258
NM\_032383   NM\_001146323
NM\_001146324
NM\_080634   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001295187
NP\_115759   NP\_001139795
NP\_001139796
NP\_542365   Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 149.13 – 149.17 Mb Chr 3: 20.05 – 20.09 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Georgina Bouzova

abstract: Georgina Bouzová is an English television actress best known for her former role as Ellen Zitek in the BBC One medical drama Casualty. Previously, Bouzová had a number of minor television roles including in Doctors, Mile High, The Bill and Murder in Suburbia.

text:
# Georgina Bouzova

**Georgina Bouzová** (born 1 June 1976) is an English television actress best known for her former role as Ellen Zitek in the BBC One medical drama *Casualty*. Previously, Bouzová had a number of minor television roles including in *Doctors*, *Mile High*, *The Bill* and *Murder in Suburbia.*

## Early life and education

Bouzová was born in Surrey, although she grew up in Manchester with her Czech father Ivan Bouza, mother Rita, and younger sister Jessica. Her surname is pronounced *boh-zaw-va:*. She was educated at the Manchester High School for Girls.

She qualified as a barrister, having gained her LLB in English Law and French Law from King's College London, with time studying at La Sorbonne in Paris.

## Acting career

Bouzová later discovered that acting was her main passion. She joined Casualty in 2004 as Ukrainian staff nurse Ellen Zitek. Her character was diagnosed with, and underwent treatment for, cancer, but died after being run over by a motorcyclist in an accident while chasing an errant patient. Ellen was pronounced dead by her colleagues in the Emergency Department in the second part of the Christmas 2006 episodes (Series 21, Episode 16).

Since leaving *Casualty,* Bouzová has been concentrating on theatre, playing the leading lady, Vera, in Bill Kenwright's *And Then There Were None* and the leading part of Mollie in the West End Theatre production of *The Mousetrap* at St Martin's Theatre in London until January 2010.

## Outside acting

Bouzová has also appeared on BBC TV series *Strictly Come Dancing* series 4 with dance partner James Jordan, as a last-minute replacement for Gabby Logan, who was declined permission by her employers, ITV, to take part in the rival network's programme. Bouzová and her partner were voted off on the fourth show of the series.

Bouzová is a writer, and is in the process of completing her first novel. She has also contributed to various publications as a freelance journalist, in *The Times* and *The Guardian* newspapers.

## Selected filmography

* *Cantiquue de la Racaille* (1998)
* *Nailing Vienna* (2000)
* *Second Nature* (2001)

### Notable television series

* *Surviving Cannes* (1999)
* *Doctors* (2000)
* *Crossroads* (2001)
* *Search* (2001)
* *Night & Day* (2002)
* *Mile High* (2002)
* *Is Harry on the Boat?* (2003)
* *Murder in Suburbia* (2003)
* *Casualty* (2004–2006)
* *Strictly Come Dancing* (2006)


title: Jurong Beilu station

abstract: Jurong Beilu station is a station on Line 3 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Shunde District. It opened on December 28, 2022.

text:
# Jurong Beilu station

**Jurong Beilu station** (simplified Chinese: 驹荣北路站; traditional Chinese: 駒榮北路站; pinyin: *Jūróng Běilù Zhàn*; Jyutping: *Keoi1wing4 Bak1lou6 Zaam6*) is a station on Line 3 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Shunde District. It opened on December 28, 2022.

## Station layout

The station has an island platform under Middle Dongle Road.

| **G** | - | Exits A-D |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **L1
Concourse** | Lobby | Ticket Machines, Customer Service, Shops, Police Station, Safety Facilities |
| **L2
Platforms** | Platform 1 | towards Zhongshan Park (Dongle Lu) |
| | Island platform, doors will open on the left | |
| | Platform 2 | towards Shunde College Railway Station (Shunde No.1 High School) |

## Exits

| Exit letter | | Exit location |
| --- | --- | --- |
| A | | Jurong Road, Dongle Road, Shunfengshan Park |
| B | | Jurong Road, Dongle Road |
| C | | Jurong Road, Dongle Road |
| D | | Jurong Road, Dongle Road, Tomorrow Huafu, Shunde Impression City |

## InfoBox

| Jurong Beilu
驹荣北路 | |
| --- | --- |
| Platform | |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Simplified Chinese | 驹荣北路站 |
| Traditional Chinese | 駒榮北路站 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Jūróng Běilù Zhàn  Yue: Cantonese  Jyutping Keoi1wing4 Bak1lou6 Zaam6 | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Intersection of Middle Dongle Road (东乐中路) and North Jurong Road (驹荣北路), Daliang Subdistrict
Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong
China |
| Coordinates | 22°50′01″N 113°16′21″E / 22.833719°N 113.272411°E / 22.833719; 113.272411 |
| Operated by | Foshan Metro Operation Co., Ltd. |
| Line(s) | Line 3
South section |
| Platforms | 2 (1 island platform) |
| Tracks | 2 |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Underground |
| Accessible | Yes |
| Other information | |
| Station code | F305 |
| History | |
| Opened | 28 December 2022 (2022-12-28) |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Foshan Metro Following station  Dongle Lutowards Zhongshan Park  Line 3
South section  Shunde No.1 High Schooltowards Shunde College Railway Station | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


abstract:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the high jump M50 division of Masters athletics.
  - Key
  -   Incomplete information
  Pending
  Indoor mark before 2000, not acceptable for record

text:
# Masters M50 high jump world record progression

This is the progression of world record improvements of the high jump M50 division of Masters athletics.

Key

*Incomplete information*   *Pending*   *Indoor mark before 2000, not acceptable for record*

| Height | Athlete | Nationality | Birthdate | Location | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2.00 i | Thomas Zacharias | Germany | 02.01.1947 | Birmingham | 02.03.1997 |
| 1.95 | Bruce McBarnette | United States | 07.10.1957 | Glassboro | 29.05.2011 |
| 1.90 | Asko Pesonen | Finland | 15.04.1943 | Leppavirta | 24.09.1995 |
| 1.89 | Mark Chelnov | Ukraine | 15.03.1944 | Athens | 11.06.1994 |
| 1.88 | Herm Wyatt | United States | 13.09.1931 | Los Gatos | 20.08.1983 |
| 1.85 | Richard "Dick" Richardson | United States | 15.05.1933 | San Juan | 24.09.1983 |
| 1.79 | John C. Brown | United States | 04.12.1929 |  | 25.07.1981 |
|


title: Umgeni Steam Railway

abstract: The Umgeni Steam Railway is a 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge heritage railway at Inchanga, near Durban. The Durban to Pietermaritzburg line was built in the 1880s; it runs through a 53 metres (174 ft) long tunnel at Drummond built in 1878, which is probably the oldest tunnel in use today in South Africa In 1982, a small Dubs locomotive was donated by the Illovo Sugar company to local enthusiasts; this was the start of the preservation group. A Class-3BR locomotive is used every month; it was built by North British Locomotive Company in February 1912. The coaches used were built between 1908 and 1953, with most being built in the 1930s.

text:
# Umgeni Steam Railway

The **Umgeni Steam Railway** is a 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge heritage railway at Inchanga, near Durban. The Durban to Pietermaritzburg line was built in the 1880s; it runs through a 53 metres (174 ft) long tunnel at Drummond built in 1878, which is probably the oldest tunnel in use today in South Africa

In 1982, a small Dubs locomotive was donated by the Illovo Sugar company to local enthusiasts; this was the start of the preservation group. A Class-3BR locomotive is used every month; it was built by North British Locomotive Company in February 1912. The coaches used were built between 1908 and 1953, with most being built in the 1930s.

## Excursion Trains

On the last weekend of every month excursion trains are run from Inchanga to Bothas Hill because of flood damage between Bothas Hill and Kloof.

## Museum

The Inchanga Railway Museum in the old Station Master's house next to the Inchanga Station, covers the history of South African Railways. It is open to the public on days when trains are operating.

## Routes

The Umgeni Steam Railway currently operates trains on the last Sunday of all months of the year between Kloof and Inchanga, with special trains running from Pietermaritzburg to Inchanga and Nottingham Road. The route from Kloof to Inchanga follows the old main line from Durban to Pietermaritzburg and traverses some of the steepest railway gradients in South Africa (1:30 to 1:50).

## Fleet

The fleet of steam locomotives includes a Class 3BR, Class 12R, Class 14R, two Class 19Ds, a Class GF Garratt and a Class GMAM Garratt, along with the locomotive that the company was started with - namely an 1892 vintage Class A "Dübs A".

(Click to enlarge)

29°47′28″S 30°49′59″E / 29.791°S 30.833°E / -29.791; 30.833


title: I Heart Arlo

abstract: I Heart Arlo is an American 2D animated adventure-comedy musical television series created by Ryan Crego for Netflix. A follow-up to the 2021 film Arlo the Alligator Boy, the series premiered on August 27, 2021.

text:
# I Heart Arlo

***I Heart Arlo*** (stylized as ***I ♥ Arlo***) is an American 2D animated adventure-comedy musical television series created by Ryan Crego for Netflix. A follow-up to the 2021 film *Arlo the Alligator Boy*, the series premiered on August 27, 2021.

## Premise

Following the film *Arlo the Alligator Boy*, *I Heart Arlo* follows Arlo and his newfound crew set up shop in an abandoned seaside neighborhood and help bring it back to life.

## Voice cast

### Main

### Villains

* Santigold as the Bog Lady, a villainous swamp goddess who vowed revenge on Arlo for leaving the swamp. She has hypnotizing eyes to hypnotize Arlo for staying with her in the swamp, but thankfully Bertie's and Alia's voices manages to snap him out of her trance. She is destroyed when Edmee uses her bombs to make the shack explode, and she melts into nothingness after she tried to devour Arlo and the others as they escaped from her.

### Recurring

* Vincent Rodriguez III as Ansel Beauregard, a bird-man and Arlo's biological father.
* Annie Potts as Edmée, a local swamp hermit and Arlo's adoptive mother.
* Fred Tatasciore as Jeromio, Arlo's pet bullfrog who moves in with him early in the series.
* Jessica Williams as Elena, the mayor of New York City.
* Cathy Vu as Thao, a mailwoman for Seaside by the Seashore.
* Flea as Ruff, one of Arlo's former adversaries who owns a failing swamp museum.
* Jennifer Coolidge as Stucky, Arlo's other former adversary, and Ruff's partner.
* Melissa Villaseñor as Lily the Lobster Woman, a kleptomaniac half-human, half-lobster hybrid lady, and one of the newest members of SBS. Lily started off as a burden to the locals until Arlo found a use for her larceny skills, as Seaside's new lost and found department.
* Maria Bamford as Tony's con-artist mother, and additional voices.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Directed by | Written and storyboard by | Story by | Original release date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Friendship Couch" | Nick Sumida | Angelica "Jelly" Russell and Michelle Xin | Nick Arciaga, Colleen McAllister, Blake Lemons and Eric Rivera | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| Having settled in to Seaside by the Seashore, Arlo thinks it will be easy living on his own. However, he finds it more harder than he can handle.
**Song:** "The Way" by Arlo and Bertie | | | | | | |
| 2 | "A Memory of Pizza" | Carder Scholin | Katie Hood and Maha Tabikh | Eric Rivera | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| When the Mayor of New York City comes to visit Seaside, Arlo and the gang do their best to impress her so their home does not get shut down. | | | | | | |
| 3 | "Be the Turtle" | Angelica "Jelly" Russell and Nick Sumida | Katie Hood and Maha Tabikh | Colleen McAllister | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| Arlo gives Alia a very important job, but the others do not believe she can focus herself enough to handle it properly.
**Song:** "Slow Walk" by Alia | | | | | | |
| 4 | "The Shedding" | Carder Scholin | Nathanael H. Jones and Mariana Yovanovich | Eric Rivera | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| When Arlo starts shedding his scales, his friends mistake it for a ghost, and he tries to hide the truth to avoid getting embarrassed. | | | | | | |
| 5 | "Community Garden" | Blake Lemons | Dodge Greenley and Angelica "Jelly" Russell | Eric Rivera and Clay Senechal | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| When Bertie finds a quiet place where she can be by herself, Arlo spreads the word about it, turning it into a community garden.
**Songs:** "Community Garden" by Arlo; "Even In A Garden" by Bertie | | | | | | |
| 6 | "Blow Out" | Nick Sumida | *Written by*: Andy Cung, Colleen McAllister, Dakota McFadzean and Nick Sumida
*Storyboarded by*: Andy Cung and Dakota McFadzean | Nick Arciaga | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| Furlecia asks Arlo to step in as an assistant when her job at her salon becomes a handful. | | | | | | |
| 7 | "In the Blue with You" | Carder Scholin | Angelica "Jelly" Russell and Michelle Xin | Colleen McAllister | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| While on a father-son fishing trip with Ansel, Arlo is worried when his dad does not seem to be excited to spend time with him.
**Song:** "In the Blue" by Arlo and Ansel | | | | | | |
| 8 | "Jeromio, Jeromio" | Nick Sumida | Nathan Bulmer and Michelle Lam | Nick Arciaga, Blake Lemons and Colleen McAllister | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| When Arlo's pet frog Jeromio becomes increasingly depressed, he tries to find out why. | | | | | | |
| 9 | "Make a Fish" | Carder Scholin | Nathan Bulmer and Michelle Lam | Nick Arciaga | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| After Marcellus secretly grants a wish for Bertie, he uses the central fountain as an opportunity to become rich from the other wish-makers.
**Song:** "Marcellus Opera" by Marcellus | | | | | | |
| 10 | "Frogday the 13th" | Nick Sumida | Nathanael H. Jones and Mariana Yovanovich | Nick Arciaga | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| Arlo asks Bertie to watch Jeromio while he is away, and she finds the job easier said than done. | | | | | | |
| 11 | "Swamp Itch" | Carder Scholin | Nathan Bulmer and Michelle Lam | Blake Lemons | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| Arlo comes down with a severe case of "swamp itch" and Ansel tries to heal him, but keeps causing more trouble. | | | | | | |
| 12 | "Moody Tuesday" | Angelica "Jelly" Russell and Nick Sumida | Nathanael H. Jones and Mariana Yovanovich | Colleen McAllister | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| A drop of ice cream causes Bertie to become moody and sour, and it soon spreads to the rest of Seaside.
**Song:** "I Can Lift You Up" by Bertie and Arlo | | | | | | |
| 13 | "Lily Lost & Found" | Angelica "Jelly" Russell and Nick Sumida | Nathan Bulmer and Michelle Lam | Nick Arciaga | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| Arlo encounters a visiting half-lobster woman who has a habit of taking things that are not hers. | | | | | | |
| 14 | "Stay Cool" | Carder Scholin | Katie Hood and Maha Tabikh | Colleen McAllister and Eric Rivera | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| When a heatwave strikes, Arlo's friends convince him to take Ansel's yacht out for a refreshing ride. | | | | | | |
| 15 | "Tony Baloney" | Angelica "Jelly" Russell and Nick Sumida | Nathan Bulmer and Michelle Lam | Nick Arciaga | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| When Tony's parents visit, he fears they will hate him because he is not a con artist, so Arlo and the gang help him keep up the act. | | | | | | |
| 16 | "Get Lost!" | Carder Scholin | Andy Cung and Dakota McFadzean | Colleen McAllister | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| With Seaside's Uncondemning party coming, Bertie searches for inspiration to write the perfect song, but winds up in a game with Arlo and the others which strands them in the city.
**Song:** "Just Another Night In New York" by Bertie | | | | | | |
| 17 | "Goin' it Arlone" | Angelica "Jelly" Russell | Andy Cung and Dakota McFadzean | Nick Arciaga | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| In trying to help prepare Seaside for the Uncondemning in time, Arlo goes to great lengths to modify the boardwalk's Ferris wheel.
**Song:** "Coming Together" by Arlo, Bertie, Furlecia, Alia, Tony and Marcellus | | | | | | |
| 18 | "Alro" | Carder Scholin | Andy Cung and Dakota McFadzean | Grant Lossi | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| When a package goes missing, Arlo and Bertie must work to solve the mystery where it went, not knowing an even bigger mystery is on their hands. | | | | | | |
| 19 | "The Uncondemning" | Angelica "Jelly" Russell, Carder Scholin and Nick Sumida | *Written by*: Colleen McAllister
*Storyboarded by*: Ashlyn Anstee, Katie Hood, Nathanael H. Jones, Sam Lane, Maha Tabikh and Mariana Yovanovich | Blake Lemons and Colleen McAllister | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| After hearing Edmee is being held hostage by Ruff and Stucky who demand ransom, Arlo and his friends return to the swamp where he is raised to rescue her and face down a mysterious creature known as the Bog Lady.
**Songs:** "Back To You" by Arlo; "Ruff and Stucky" by Ruff and Stucky; "The Bog Lady" by the Bog Lady; "As Long As We Got Each Other" by Arlo, Bertie and everyone | | | | | | |

## Soundtrack

| I Heart Arlo: Music From The Netflix Series | |
| --- | --- |
| Soundtrack album | |
| Released | August 27, 2021 |
| Recorded | 2020 |
| Genre | Pop, pop soul, electropop, synth pop |
| Label | Capitol Records |

| No. | Title | Performer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "As Long As We Got Each Other" |  | 2:12 |
| 2. | "Coming Together" | * Woodard * Lambert | 2:29 |
| 3. | "Slow Walk" | Haley Tju | 2:30 |
| 4. | "Back To You" | Woodard | 2:51 |
| 5. | "I Can Lift You Up" | * Lambert * Woodard | 2:35 |
| 6. | "Community Garden" | Woodard | 2:28 |
| 7. | "Even In A Garden" | Lambert | 1:28 |
| 8. | "The Way" | * Woodard * Lambert | 2:46 |
| 9. | "In The Blue" |  | 2:43 |
| 10. | "Just Another Night In New York" | Lambert | 2:20 |
| 11. | "The Bog Lady" | Santigold | 2:02 |
| 12. | "Ruff And Stucky" |  | 1:39 |

1. "Arlo the Alligator Boy Makes His Debut In An All-New Animated Movie Musical and Series on Netflix". *Netflix Media Center* (Press release). November 12, 2020. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
2. Bjornson, Greta (July 21, 2021). "New on Netflix August 2021". *Decider*. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
3. Milligan, Mercedes (November 12, 2020). "Arlo the Alligator Boy' Makes Animated Debut in Netflix Movie & Series". *Animation Magazine*. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.

## InfoBox

| *I Heart Arlo* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre |  |
| Created by | Ryan Crego |
| Voices of |  |
| Theme music composer |  |
| Opening theme | "Beautiful Together"
by Michael J. Woodard and Mary Lambert |
| Composers |  |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original language | English |
| No. of seasons | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 19 |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Ryan Crego |
| Producer | Eric Vesbit |
| Editor | John Wall |
| Running time | 14-25 minutes |
| Production companies |  |
| Original release | |
| Network | Netflix |
| Release | August 27, 2021 (2021-08-27) |
| Related | |
| *Arlo the Alligator Boy* | |


title: WAGR Dd class

abstract: The WAGR Dd class was a class of 4-6-4T tank locomotive operated by the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) between 1946 and 1972.

text:
# WAGR Dd class

The **WAGR Dd class** was a class of 4-6-4T tank locomotive operated by the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) between 1946 and 1972.

## History

The Dd type was an evolution of the Dm class. However unlike the Dm class which used components of the old E Class tender engines, the Dd class components were all new. All were built at the Midland Railway Workshops entering service between April and November 1946. They were built to haul suburban passenger services in Perth, although they did on occasions work to Bunbury on the South Western and Merredin on the Eastern lines. The first were withdrawn in 1969, with the remainder in 1970/71 following the entry into service of the ADK/ADB class diesel multiple units.

## Preservation

Two have been preserved:

* Dd592 was preserved by the Australian Railway Historical Society in July 1972. In May 1984, Westrail commenced work at Midland Railway Workshops to restore it to operational condition as a Bicentennial project. It returned to service on 20 July 1985 and remained in service until August 1995. It became a static exhibit at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum in May 1999.
* Dd596 was also purchased by the Australian Railway Historical Society in April 1974 and was placed on display at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum. In July 1990 it was placed on display at the Gosnells Railway Market.

## Class list

The numbers and periods in service of each member of the Dd class were as follows:

| Road
number In service Withdrawn Notes  591 12 April 1946 10 February 1969   592 17 May 1946 14 August 1972 Preserved at Western Australian Rail Transport Museum  593 14 June 1946 10 September 1970   594 28 June 1946 10 February 1969   595 19 July 1946 17 June 1971   596 9 August 1946 17 June 1971 Preserved at Gosnells Railway Market  597 31 August 1946 17 June 1971   598 20 September 1946 10 February 1969   599 11 October 1946 10 February 1969   600 1 November 1946 10 September 1970 |
| --- |

### Notes

### Bibliography

* Gunzburg, Adrian (1968). *WAGR Locomotives 1940–1968*. Perth: Australian Railway Historical Society (Western Australian Division). pp. 13–15, 47. OCLC 219836193.
* Gunzburg, Adrian (1984). *A History of WAGR Steam Locomotives*. Perth: Australian Railway Historical Society (Western Australian Division). ISBN 0959969039.

Media related to WAGR Dd class at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| WAGR Dd class | |
| --- | --- |
| Dd592 passes through Jandakot with an ARHS excursion train, 1986 | |
| Type and origin  Power type Steam  Builder Midland Railway Workshops  Build date 1946  Total produced 10 | |
| Specifications  Configuration:
   Whyte 4-6-4T  Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)  Driver dia. 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm)  Length 43 ft 3 in (13.18 m)  Loco weight 72 long tons 0 cwt (161,300 lb or 73.2 t)  Fuel type Coal  Water cap. 1,820 imp gal (8,300 L; 2,190 US gal)  Firebox:   Grate area 18.6 sq ft (1.73 m2)  Boiler pressure 160 lbf/in2 (1.10 MPa)  Cylinder size 18 in × 23 in (457 mm × 584 mm)  Valve gear Walschaerts | |
| Performance figures  Tractive effort 18,768 lbf (83.48 kN)  Factor of adh. 4.7 | |
| Career  Operators Western Australian Government Railways  Numbers Dd591-Dd600  Nicknames Donald Ducks  Preserved Dd592, Dd596  Disposition 2 preserved, 8 scrapped | |


title: Pentel

abstract: Pentel Co., Ltd. is a privately-held Japanese manufacturing company of stationery products. The name comes from one of their first widely known products and is a portmanteau of the English words pen and pastel. Pentel is also the inventor of non-permanent marker technology. Most Pentel products are manufactured in Japan, Taiwan, Korea, Mexico, and France. The company is regarded as the inventor of the fibre-tipped (felt-tip) pen in 1963. Nowadays, Pentel produces a wide range of products that include writing implements, art materials and office goods.

text:
# Pentel

**Pentel Co., Ltd.** (ぺんてる株式会社, *Penteru Kabushiki Gaisha*) is a privately-held Japanese manufacturing company of stationery products. The name comes from one of their first widely known products and is a portmanteau of the English words *pen* and *pastel*. Pentel is also the inventor of non-permanent marker technology. Most Pentel products are manufactured in Japan, Taiwan, Korea, Mexico, and France.

The company is regarded as the inventor of the fibre-tipped (felt-tip) pen in 1963. Nowadays, Pentel produces a wide range of products that include writing implements, art materials and office goods.

## History

The company was founded in 1946 as "Japan Stationery Limited" (*Nihonbungu Kabushiki Gaisha*) in Tokyo by Yokio Horie, with the purpose of manufacturing crayons and pastels. The first products for sale were released in 1951, followed by pencils in 1960.

In 1963 Pentel launched the "Sign Pen", a fibre-type pen that was used by then President of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson, who bought a dozen of them to sign photographs, apart from being adopted as the official writing instrument of NASA and going into space with a Gemini mission in 1966. Demand for a Sign Pen was so extraordinary that the Tokyo factories could not supply all requests. The Sign Pen was one of Pentel's most successful products with more than two billion units sold.

In 1971 the company changed its name to "Pentel Co. Ltd." and one year later, the green rollerball pen with water-based ink, was launched. Horie remained as President of the company until his death in 2010.

In the 2010s, Pentel launched the "Pocket Brush", a fudepen that used replaceable waterproof ink cartridges, like fountain pens (and unlike conventional brush pens, which are more like marker pens.)

Brush pens (designed and recommended for calligraphy) have also gained popularity among comic book artists, who choose them to ink their works instead of dip pens or traditional brushes. One of those artists using Pentel was Neal Adams.

## Products

### Stationery

Product lines include *Sharp Kerry*, *Sharp P200 series*, *Graph 1000*, *Graphgear* (*500, 800 and 1000*), *Smash*, *Orenz*, *OrenzNero* (mechanical pencils or "sharps"); *Ain* and *Hi-Polymer* (mechanical pencil leads, erasers); *Energel* (gel ink pens); *Vicuña* (hybrid ink ballpoint pen); *Pentel Pen* (permanent marker), and *Sign Pen* (fine tip marker).

Range of products manufactured by Pentel includes:

| Type | Products |
| --- | --- |
| Writing implements | Rollerball pens, gel pens, ballpoint pens, mechanical pencils, fountain pens, marker pens, highlighters, brush pens, refills |
| Art materials | Oil pastels, crayons, watercolors |
| Office supplies | Erasers, correction fluids, correction tapes, glues |

### Other products

Pentel produces and sells electronic devices and production equipment in addition to stationery.

* Electronic equipment – Touch panel, digitizer (liquid crystal pen tablet), touch switch, electronic pen (airpen)
* Production equipment – for industrial robots, industrial automatic assembly machines, precision dies for injection molding, precision hand presses
* OEM supply (OEM Division) – Cosmetic parts, stationery, office supplies, medical equipment

## InfoBox

Pentel Co., Ltd.
|
|  |
|
| Formerly | Japan Stationery Co., Ltd. (1946–71) |
| Company type | Private K.K. |
| Industry | Stationery (primary) |
| Founded | 1946 (1946) |
| Founder | Yukio Horie(President 1946–2010) |
| Headquarters | Tokyo, Japan |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people | Hiroyuki Ono (President and CEO) |
| Products | Writing implements, art materials, office products, electronic devices and production equipment |
| Number of employees | 773 (March 2012) |
| Website | pentel.co.jp |


title: Victoria Stakes

abstract:
The Victoria Stakes is a thoroughbred horse race run annually at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Held in mid June, it has been raced on Polytrack since 2006 over a distance of five furlongs. In 2015 it was changed to six furlongs. Open to two-year-old horses, it currently offers a purse of $96,363. Named in honor of Queen Victoria who had died in 1901, the Victoria Stakes was first run in 1903 at the Old Woodbine Racetrack. Following that facility's closure, the race was moved in 1956 to the new Woodbine race track. For 1979 only, it was raced on turf. Since inception, the Victoria Stakes has been competed over various distances:
  - 5 furlongs : 1903-1955
  - 5+1⁄2 furlongs : 1956-1978
  - About 5 furlongs : 1979
  - 1980 to 2014 : 5 furlongs
  - 2015 : 6 furlongs

text:
# Victoria Stakes

The **Victoria Stakes** is a thoroughbred horse race run annually at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Held in mid June, it has been raced on Polytrack since 2006 over a distance of five furlongs. In 2015 it was changed to six furlongs. Open to two-year-old horses, it currently offers a purse of $96,363.

Named in honor of Queen Victoria who had died in 1901, the Victoria Stakes was first run in 1903 at the Old Woodbine Racetrack. Following that facility's closure, the race was moved in 1956 to the new Woodbine race track. For 1979 only, it was raced on turf.

Since inception, the Victoria Stakes has been competed over various distances:

* 5 furlongs : 1903-1955
* 5+12 furlongs : 1956-1978
* About 5 furlongs : 1979
* 1980 to 2014 : 5 furlongs
* 2015 : 6 furlongs

## Historical notes

A number of notable North American horses have won this race including George Smith who won the next year's Kentucky Derby, Belair Stud's colt Faireno in 1931 who was the first horse to break the one-minute barrier and who went on to win the 1932 Belmont Stakes. Notable Canadian-bred winners include Windfields (1945), Nearctic, (1956), Viceregal (1968), and Deputy Minister who in 1981 set a new race record for five furlongs that still stands. In 1982, Sunny's Halo finished second but the following year became only the second Canadian-bred horse to win the Kentucky Derby.

## Records

**Time record:** (at the present distance of 5 furlongs)

**Most wins by an owner:**

**Most wins by a jockey:**

**Most wins by a trainer:**

## Winners

| Year
 | Winner
 | Jockey
 | Trainer
 | Owner
 | Time
 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016 | Lokinforpursemonee | Gary Boulanger | John A. Ross | J.R. Racing Stable | 1:11.17 |
| 2015 | Hollywood Hideaway | Luis Contreras | Barbara J. Minshall | Bruce Lunsford | 1:09.65 |
| 2014 | Conquest Tsunami | Patrick Husbands | Mark Casse | Conquest Stables | 0:57.91 |
| 2013 | Conquest Whiplash | Eurico da Silva | Mark E. Casse | Conquest Stables | 0:58.19 |
| 2012 | Ray's Away | Chris Griffith | Ricky Griffith | Debmar Stables | 0:58.28 |
| 2011 | Banner Bill | David Clark | Ralph Biamonte | R Plus Partners | 0:58.60 |
| 2010 | Madman Diaries | Jeffrey Sanchez | Wesley A. Ward | Wesley A. Ward | 0:58.60 |
| 2009 | Olredlgetcha | Emile Ramsammy | Greg de Gannes | R Own Stable | 0:57.56 |
| 2008 | Southern Exchange | Jono Jones | Greg de Gannes | Bill & Vicki Poston | 0:57.48 |
| 2007 | Kodiak Kowboy | Emma-Jayne Wilson | Steve Asmussen | Vinery Stables | 0:59.44 |
| 2006 | Chace City | Shaun Bridgmohan | Steve Asmussen | Gold Square LLC | 0:59.21 |
| 2005 | Vibank | David Clark | Josie Carroll | Jim & Alice Sapara | 0:59.26 |
| 2004 | Flamenco | Robert Landry | Todd A. Pletcher | Peachtree Stable | 0:57.90 |
| 2003 | Third Day * | David Clark | Mark Casse | Gaillardia Racing | 0:57.86 |
| 2002 | El Ruller | Ray Sabourin | Arthur Silvera | Larry Spindler et al. | 0:58.29 |
| 2001 | Expected Hour | Patrick Husbands | Mark Casse | Faris, Bolton et al. | 0:58.80 |
| 2000 | Sam Lord's Castle | Emile Ramsammy | Josie Carroll | Eugene Melnyk | 0:58.78 |
| 1999 | Vorticity | Slade Callaghan | Ross Armata | C.E.C. Farms | 0:57.67 |
| 1998 | Erlton | Robert Landry | Benjamin Perkins Jr. | New Farm | 0:58.80 |
| 1997 | Torgan | Todd Kabel | Linda Rice | C. D. Rice | 0:59.20 |
| 1996 | Cash Deposit | Robert Landry | Daniel J. Vella | Frank Stronach | 0:59.40 |
| 1995 | Intrepid Son † | Dave Penna | Roger Attfield | Joe Brocklebank | 0:58.80 |
| 1995 | Gomtuu † | Jerry Baird | Dominic J. Polsinelli | Tri-Colour Racing Stable | 0:59.00 |
| 1994 | Honky Tonk Tune | Robert Landry | Daniel J. Vella | Frank Stronach | 0:58.00 |
| 1993 | Welbred Fred | Dave Penna | Glenn Magnusson | David B. Seyler | 0:59.40 |
| 1992 | Dances With Fire | Don Seymour | Ron Dandy | Wayne Trombly | 0:58.20 |
| 1991 | Alydeed | Don Seymour | Roger Attfield | Kinghaven Farms | 0:59.40 |
| 1990 | Megas Vukefalos | Lloyd Duffy | Daniel J. Vella | Knob Hill Stable | 0:59.60 |
| 1989 | Wavering Girl | Sandy Hawley | Michael J. Doyle | Windhaven | 0:58.80 |
| 1988 | Chill Up | David Clark | Gordon Huntley | V&O Stable/Kitchen | 0:59.00 |
| 1987 | Dapple Dancer | Dan Beckon | Grant Pearce | King Caledon Farm | 0:59.40 |
| 1986 | Fozzie Bear | Robin Platts | Tino Attard | V.C.L. Farms/Spatafora | 0:58.00 |
| 1985 | Dom Dancer | Dan Beckon | Gil Rowntree | B. K. Y. Stable | 0:58.60 |
| 1984 | Honey's Answer | Gary Stahlbaum | G. Hughes | Comra | 0:59.00 |
| 1983 | Archregent | Hugo Dittfach | Arthur H. Warner | Richard R. Kennedy | 0:59.80 |
| 1982 | Flying Pocket | David Clark | Tony Mattine | The Three Of Us Stable | 0:58.20 |
| 1981 | Deputy Minister | Lloyd Duffy | Bill Marko | Centurion Farms | 0:57.20 |
| 1980 | Solo Guy | George HoSang | Laurie Silvera | Gordon F. Hall | 0:59.40 |
| 1979 | Classic Joker | George HoSang | Brian Ottaway | Mrs. G. McCullagh | 0:59.80 |
| 1978 | Highland Ridge | Sandy Hawley | John J. Tammaro Jr. | Kinghaven Farms | 1:05.20 |
| 1977 | Lucky Colonel S. | Gary Stahlbaum | Donnie Walker | Conn Smythe | 1:04.80 |
| 1976 | Sound Reason | Robin Platts | Gil Rowntree | Stafford Farms | 1:06.20 |
| 1975 | Proud Tobin | Jeffrey Fell | Gil Rowntree | Stafford Farms | 1:06.00 |
| 1974 | Royal Selari | Robin Platts | Gil Rowntree | Stafford Farms | 1:05.20 |
| 1973 | Backstretch | Noel Turcotte | Carl F. Chapman | O'Maonaign Abu Stable | 1:06.20 |
| 1972 | Down North | John LeBlanc | James C. Bentley | Helen G. Stollery | 1:06.00 |
| 1971 | Gentleman Conn | John Baboolal | Jerry C. Meyer | Willow Downs Farm | 1:05.40 |
| 1970 | Briartic | Richard Grubb | J. Mort Hardy | Bennett Farms | 1:04.80 |
| 1969 | Artic Feather | Chris Rogers | R. Boucher | Aylmer Stable | 1:06.00 |
| 1968 | Viceregal | Richard Grubb | Gordon J. McCann | Windfields Farm | 1:04.40 |
| 1967 | Real Sensible | Avelino Gomez | Jerry C. Meyer | Willow Downs Farm | 1:04.60 |
| 1966 | Ring Francis | Avelino Gomez | Lou Cavalaris Jr. | Gardiner Farm | 1:04.40 |
| 1965 | Stevie B. Good | Nick Shuk | Jerry C. Meyer | E. C. Pasquale | 1:05.80 |
| 1964 | Bright Object | James Fitzsimmons | Lou Cavalaris Jr. | Gardiner Farm | 1:05.00 |
| 1963 | Ramblin Road | Pat Remillard | Gordon M. Huntley | Gordon F. Hall | 1:04.40 |
| 1962 | Hail Dipper | Charles McKee | J. Mack | W. P. Mack | 1:04.40 |
| 1961 | Royal Spirit | Al Coy | John Passero | Stafford Farms | 1:06.20 |
| 1960 | Fair Charger | Avelino Gomez | E. Odorico | Stafford Farms | 1:05.00 |
| 1959 | Bulpamiru | Cliff Potts | Red Barnard | Shermanor Farm | 1:04.80 |
| 1958 | Le Grand Rouge | R. Gonzalez | Yonnie Starr | Larkin Maloney & Conn Smythe | 1:04.80 |
| 1957 | Silver Ship | Ernie Warme | Gordon M. Huntley | Gordon F. Hall | 1:05.20 |
| 1956 | Nearctic | Avelino Gomez | Gordon J. McCann | E. P. Taylor | 1:06.60 |
| 1955 | Bunty's Flight | George Walker | Yonnie Starr | Larkin Maloney | 1:00.00 |
| 1954 | Benroman | Gene Pederson | James C. Bentley | B. R. Steen | 0:59.60 |
| 1953 | Collisteo | Bert Albert | S. Couch | Bur-Fit Stable | 0:58.60 |
| 1952 | War General | Bobby Watson | L. Silvestri | C. L. Taylor | 1:00.00 |
| 1951 | French Lace | Alf Bavington | John Passero | William R. Beasley | 1:00.20 |
| 1950 | Acceptable | Chris Rogers | Frank Merrill Jr. | Halton Brook Stable | 1:00.00 |
| 1949 | Petrolas | A. Montiro | F. Fitzgerald | Jolly Roger Stable | 0:59.60 |
| 1948 | Avona | Howard Bailey | James C. Bentley | Addison Stable | 0:59.60 |
| 1947 | Tonado | Bobby Watson | J. Grills | F. W. Ellins | 1:00.60 |
| 1946 | Imperator | Johnny Dewhurst | Arthur Brent | Parkwood Stable | 1:01.00 |
| 1945 | Windfields | Herb Black | Bert Alexandra | Cosgrave Stable | 0:59.00 |
| 1944 | Transbest | Chris Rogers | Loyd Gentry Sr. | Four Oaks Stable | 1:01.20 |
| 1943 | Airpan | C. W. Smythe | Reggie Cornell | F. Ellins | 1:00.40 |
| 1942 | Sweepnack | David Prater | Octave Viau | Harry C. Hatch | 1:03.40 |
| 1941 | Air Sure | Harry Meynell | M. Nichols | Conn Smythe | 1:00.80 |
| 1940 | Ariel Trip | Herb Lindberg | W. Coburn | Conn Smythe | 1:02.80 |
| 1939 | King's Colors | Albert Schmidt | Frank Gilpin | Parkwood Stable | 1:01.60 |
| 1938 | Hope Diamond | Pat Remillard | H. Chappell | C. N. Mooney | 1:01.80 |
| 1937 | *no race* |  |  |  |  |
| 1936 | Miss Dolphin | J. Hunter | John J. Thorpe | Edward F. Seagram | 1:01.20 |
| 1935 | Santan | Herb Lindberg | John J. Thorpe | Edward F. Seagram | 0:59.80 |
| 1934 | Ouragan | C. McDonald | Harry Giddings, Jr. | Col. R. S. McLaughlin | 1:00.20 |
| 1933 | Polly Egret | John Mattioli | Jack Whyte | Fairfields Farm | 1:00.40 |
| 1932 | Miss Puray | J. G. Petz | William M. Garth | Tranquility Farm | 1:01.60 |
| 1931 | Faireno | Anthony Pascuma | George Tappen | Belair Stud | 0:59.60 |
| 1930 | Totem | Raymond Workman | James G. Rowe Jr. | Harry Payne Whitney | 1:00.60 |
| 1929 | Snowy | Louis Schaefer | Thomas J. Healey | Walter J. Salmon Sr. | 1:01.60 |
| 1928 | Rapid Transit | Raymond G. Peternell | Preston M. Burch | Kilrain Stable | 1:01.00 |
| 1927 | Reprove | Francis Horn | Owen E. Pons | W. Maher | 1:01.60 |
| 1926 | Jopagan | Charles Fairbrother | R. Mitchell | A. G. Weston | 1:03.20 |
| 1925 | Gaffsman | B. Kennedy | William H. Bringloe | Seagram Stable | 1:01.40 |
| 1924 | Gymkhana | Edward Scobie | William Irvine | Edward F. Whitney | 1:01.40 |
| 1923 | Idle Thoughts | A. Roach | J. Wagnon | M. J. Reid | 1:01.80 |
| 1922 | Bucado | John McTaggart | M. Kelley | B. Harding | 1:00.60 |
| 1921 | Second Thoughts | Thomas Parrington | William Irvine | Edward F. Whitney | 1:01.00 |
| 1920 | Baby Grand | Earl Sande | Fred H. Schelke | J. K. L. Ross | 1:02.00 |
| 1919 | *no race* |  |  |  |  |
| 1918 | *no race* |  |  |  |  |
| 1917 | Charlie Leydecker | Thomas Parrington | W. Livingston | Ed McBride | 1:02.40 |
| 1916 | Manokin | W. Ward | H. Guy Bedwell | H. Guy Bedwell | 1:02.40 |
| 1915 | George Smith | Guy Burns | T. Shannan | Ed McBride | 1:01.40 |
| 1914 | Sid Edgar | Edward Taplin | H. Guy Bedwell | H. Guy Bedwell | 1:01.00 |
| 1913 | Southern Maid | P. Moody | John Nixon | Robert T. Davies | 1:00.80 |
| 1912 | Monocacy | James Butwell | Albert Simons | Harry Payne Whitney | 1:02.00 |
| 1911 | Moisant | Guy Burns | Albert Simons | Albert Simons | 1:01.60 |
| 1910 | Moncrief | Harty | Henry McDaniel | R. L. Thomas | 1:02.60 |
| 1909 | Turf Star | Mentry | John W. May | John W. May | 1:01.80 |
| 1908 | Simcoe | Edward Walsh | G. Graydon | J. H. Madigan | 1:02.60 |
| 1907 | Johnny Blake | David Nicol | W. Phillips | F. Cook | 1:00.60 |
| 1906 | Arimo | J. Foley | E. Landsberg | J. J. Welsh | 1:01.00 |
| 1905 | St. Joseph | W. Daly | Michael J. Daly | Michael J. Daly | 1:05.75 |
| 1904 | Shannonside | Otto Wonderly | Barry T. Littlefield | Joseph E. Seagram | 1:02.75 |
| 1903 | Spring | D. Murray | Albert G. Weston | Goughacres Stable (Thomas G. Clyde) | 1:04.75 |
|

* * In 2003, Gemini Dream won but was disqualified and placed last for interference.
* † Run in two divisions in 1995.

## InfoBox

Victoria Stakes
| Ungraded Stakes race | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Woodbine Racetrack
Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Inaugurated | 1903 |
| Race type | Thoroughbred \- Flat racing |
| Website | www.woodbineentertainment.com/qct/default.asp |
| Race information | |
| Distance | 6 furlongs |
| Surface | Dirt |
| Track | left-handed |
| Qualification | Two-year-olds |
| Weight | Assigned |
| Purse | $96,363 + (2016) |


title: Richfield Oil Corporation

abstract: Richfield Oil Corporation was an American petroleum company based in California from 1905 to 1966. In 1966, it merged with Atlantic Refining Company to form the Atlantic Richfield Company.

text:
# Richfield Oil Corporation

**Richfield Oil Corporation** was an American petroleum company based in California from 1905 to 1966. In 1966, it merged with Atlantic Refining Company to form the Atlantic Richfield Company (later renamed ARCO).

## History

The Richfield Oil Corporation was founded in 1905, and opened its first automotive service station in Los Angeles in 1917. After quick expansion, Richfield Oil Corp fell to the Great Depression and went into receivership in 1931.

Cities Service Company (now known as Citgo) offered one share of stock for every four Richfield's and acquired a majority of the stock.

Consolidated Oil Corporation (in 1943 renamed Sinclair Oil Corp), in 1932, offered to buy Richfield Oil. While this offer was not accepted, Harry Ford Sinclair, president of Consolidated Oil, continued to pursue Richfield Oil and prevented Standard Oil of California (now known as Chevron) from taking over the company.

Consolidated Oil Corp, in 1935, bought Richfield's eastern United States operations. This maneuver removed Standard Oil of California's interest in Richfield Oil. The east coast gas stations would later be rebranded as Sinclair stations.

Richfield Oil Corp emerged from receivership in 1936, after Rio Grande controlled by Consolidated Oil Corp and Cities Service Company agreed to a merger between Richfield Oil and Rio Grande.

During World War II, two Richfield Oil tanks were bombarded by the Imperial Japanese Army on February 23, 1942, in an attack on the Ellwood oil field, which is west of the city of Santa Barbara in California. This attack by the Japanese submarine *I-17* was the first attack on continental America during the war.

Richfield Oil sponsored Disneyland's model freeway *Autopia* from 1955 to 1970.

The company merged with Atlantic Refining to form Atlantic Richfield Corp, later known as ARCO, in 1966. After spinning off Atlantic Refining to Sonoco, ARCO was purchased by BP plc in 2000.

## Landmarks

The construction of the Richfield Tower in Los Angeles. This 12 story black and gold Art Deco building was completed in 1929. This building served as Richfield's headquarters for many years. It was demolished in 1968.

Opening of the California Carson Oil Refinery in 1938.

The Richfield Oil Corp was the first to discover commercial quantities of oil in the state of Alaska. This occurred in 1957 on the Kenai Peninsula. Richfield's success at Kenai helped push their leasing tracks at Prudhoe Bay, which later served to benefit ARCO.

## Merger with Atlantic Refining Company

Atlantic Refining Company found itself needing more oil production. It first merged with Hondo Oil & Gas Company in 1962. Later, with former Hondo president Robert O. Anderson at the helm, Atlantic Refining continued its mergers and acquisitions. On a fishing trip with Richfield Oil Chairman Charles S. Jones, Robert O. Anderson, by then Chairman of Atlantic, arranged a merger to form the Atlantic Richfield Company. The merger that would eventually become ARCO was completed in 1966.

## Symbols and colors

Richfield used both a realistic drawing and a stylized eagle as its symbol. This was often done in blue and yellow since blue and yellow were used as corporate colors.


abstract: Kownaty-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilczyn, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 1 kilometre (1 mi) north of Wilczyn, 32 km (20 mi) north of Konin, and 86 km (53 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.

text:
# Kownaty-Kolonia, Greater Poland Voivodeship

**Kownaty-Kolonia** \[kɔvˈnatɨ kɔˈlɔɲa\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilczyn, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 1 kilometre (1 mi) north of Wilczyn, 32 km (20 mi) north of Konin, and 86 km (53 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.

## InfoBox

| Kownaty-Kolonia | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Kownaty-Kolonia | |
| Coordinates: 52°29′37″N 18°9′38″E / 52.49361°N 18.16056°E / 52.49361; 18.16056 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Konin |
| Gmina | Wilczyn |


title: Richard Westall

abstract: Richard Westall was an English painter and illustrator of portraits, historical and literary events, best known for his portraits of Byron. He was also Queen Victoria's drawing master.

text:
# Richard Westall

**Richard Westall** RA (2 January 1765  4 December 1836) was an English painter and illustrator of portraits, historical and literary events, best known for his portraits of Byron. He was also Queen Victoria's drawing master.

## Biography

Westall was the more successful of two half-brothers (both sons of a Benjamin Westall, from Norwich) who both became painters. His younger half-brother was William Westall (1781–1850), a much-travelled landscape painter.

Born on 2 January 1765 in Reepham near Norwich (where he was baptised at All Saints on 13 January in the same year), Richard Westall moved to London after the death of his mother and the bankruptcy of his father in 1772. Westall was apprenticed to a heraldic silver engraver in 1779, where he was encouraged to become a painter by John Alefounder; he then began studying at the Royal Academy School of Arts from 10 December 1785. He exhibited at the Academy regularly between 1784 and 1836, became an Associate in November 1792 and was elected an Academician on 10 February 1794. From 1790 to 1795 he shared a house with Thomas Lawrence (later Sir), the future Royal Academy president, at 57 Greek Street, on the corner of Soho Square, each of the artists placing their name on one of the entrances.

## Works

His works – many in watercolour – caused great interest in the late years of the 18th century when he was considered by his chief patron Richard Payne Knight to be an outstanding artist of the picturesque. He painted works in a neoclassical style for John Boydell's Shakespeare Gallery and for Henry Fuseli's Milton Gallery. His painting of John Milton and his daughters hangs in Sir John Soane's Museum in London. A number of scenes in which Westall depicts events in the life of Horatio Nelson are at the National Maritime Museum.

Westall was a prolific book illustrator of both fiction and poetry, including the works of Sir Walter Scott, Oliver Goldsmith, William Cowper and Thomas Gray. Byron, who greatly admired his work, stated that "the brush has beat the poetry". Westall was commissioned to provide illustrations to John Boydell's editions of Shakespeare and John Milton. He also illustrated editions of the Bible, including one with John Martin. His oil painting *Christ Crowned with Thorns* is the altarpiece at All Souls Church, Langham Place, London.

His portraiture, in a style similar to Lawrence's, included Princess Victoria (later Queen Victoria, for whom he was art teacher for eight years before his death on 4 December 1836), and Richard Ayton, a writer who collaborated with landscape artist William Daniell (Westall's brother-in-law).

Richard Westall is perhaps best known for several portraits of Lord Byron. One of these hangs in the National Portrait Gallery in London, another at Hughenden Manor, and a third in the House of Lords.

## Sources

* Marina Warner,. *Queen Victoria's Sketchbook*, Macmillan, 1979.
* John Ramm, Forgotten Pioneer, *Antique Dealer & Collectors Guide*, Nov 1998, Volume 53, No. 4
* Richard J. Westall, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

## InfoBox

| Richard Westall | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait of Westall by Thomas Lawrence | |
| Born | (1765-01-02)2 January 1765<br>Reepham |
| Died | 4 December 1836(1836-12-04) (aged 71) |
| Father | Benjamin Westall |
| Relatives | William Westall (brother) |


title: Richard Mattson

abstract:
Richard Lewis Mattson is an American computer scientist known for his pioneering work on using memory trace data to simulate the performance of the memory hierarchy. He developed the stack distance profile, and used it to model page misses in virtual memory systems as a function of the amount of real memory available. The same methods have been applied as well more recently for modeling the behavior of CPU caches at lower levels of the memory hierarchy, and of web caches for internet content. Mattson was born in Greeley, Colorado.
He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1957, with honors in electrical engineering.
He became a student of Bernard Widrow at Stanford University, where he completed his doctorate in 1962. His dissertation was The Analysis and Synthesis of Adaptive Systems Which Use Networks of Threshold Elements. He then became a faculty member at Stanford himself, before moving to IBM Research in 1965. While at Stanford, he supervised two doctoral students, John Hopcroft and Yale Patt, both of whom themselves became notable computer scientists, and he has many academic descendants through both of them.

text:
# Richard Mattson

**Richard Lewis Mattson** (born May 29, 1935) is an American computer scientist known for his pioneering work on using memory trace data to simulate the performance of the memory hierarchy. He developed the stack distance profile, and used it to model page misses in virtual memory systems as a function of the amount of real memory available. The same methods have been applied as well more recently for modeling the behavior of CPU caches at lower levels of the memory hierarchy, and of web caches for internet content.

Mattson was born in Greeley, Colorado. He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1957, with honors in electrical engineering. He became a student of Bernard Widrow at Stanford University, where he completed his doctorate in 1962. His dissertation was *The Analysis and Synthesis of Adaptive Systems Which Use Networks of Threshold Elements*. He then became a faculty member at Stanford himself, before moving to IBM Research in 1965. While at Stanford, he supervised two doctoral students, John Hopcroft and Yale Patt, both of whom themselves became notable computer scientists, and he has many academic descendants through both of them.


title: Krasnobrzeg, Greater Poland Voivodeship

abstract: Krasnobrzeg is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Wronki, within Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

text:
# Krasnobrzeg, Greater Poland Voivodeship

**Krasnobrzeg** \[krasˈnɔbʐɛk\] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Wronki, within Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Krasnobrzeg | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Krasnobrzeg | |
| Coordinates: 52°43′17″N 16°17′03″E / 52.72139°N 16.28417°E / 52.72139; 16.28417 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Szamotuły |
| Gmina | Wronki |
| Population | 1 |


title: Królikowice, Lubusz Voivodeship

abstract: Królikowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bytom Odrzański, within Nowa Sól County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Bytom Odrzański, 10 km (6 mi) south of Nowa Sól, and 31 km (19 mi) south-east of Zielona Góra.

text:
# Królikowice, Lubusz Voivodeship

**Królikowice** \[krulikɔˈvit͡sɛ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bytom Odrzański, within Nowa Sól County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Bytom Odrzański, 10 km (6 mi) south of Nowa Sól, and 31 km (19 mi) south-east of Zielona Góra.

## InfoBox

| Królikowice | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Królikowice | |
| Coordinates: 51°42′49″N 15°45′25″E / 51.71361°N 15.75694°E / 51.71361; 15.75694 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lubusz |
| County | Nowa Sól |
| Gmina | Bytom Odrzański |
| Population | 100 |


title: Królikowo, Pomeranian Voivodeship

abstract: Królikowo is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Dzierzgoń, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Stary Dzierzgoń, 25 km (16 mi) east of Sztum, and 72 km (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

text:
# Królikowo, Pomeranian Voivodeship

**Królikowo** \[kruliˈkɔvɔ\] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Dzierzgoń, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Stary Dzierzgoń, 25 km (16 mi) east of Sztum, and 72 km (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

## InfoBox

| Królikowo | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Królikowo | |
| Coordinates: 53°54′26″N 19°24′40″E / 53.90722°N 19.41111°E / 53.90722; 19.41111 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Sztum |
| Gmina | Stary Dzierzgoń |
| Population | 18 |


title: Richmond Declaration

abstract: The Richmond Declaration, also known as the Richmond Declaration of Faith is a confession of faith of the Religious Society of Friends, being made by 95 Quakers from around the world in September 1887, at a conference in Richmond, Indiana. It was a declaration of faith, and although Quakers do not subscribe to a creed, the Richmond Declaration of Faith has been used as a doctrinal standard by Orthodox Quakers, Holiness Quakers and Evangelical Quakers, ever since. The Declaration was "approved," "accepted," or "adopted" by the Orthodox Yearly Meetings of Indiana, Western, New England, New York, Baltimore, North Carolina, Iowa, and Canada. Among Orthodox Friends in North America, only Ohio and Philadelphia yearly meetings did not so act. The Friends United Meeting General Board reaffirmed the declaration as a statement of faith in February 2007. The Declaration appears in most Books of Discipline of Evangelical, Holiness and Friends United Meeting yearly meetings. In present-day Quakerdom, the vast majority are Evangelical Friends, thus making the Richmond Declaration of Faith representative of much of Quaker doctrine. The Richmond Declaration of Faith includes "assertions about God, Christ, the Bible, resurrection and atonement, and other Christian basics", as well as "core Quaker beliefs about simplicity, oaths, peace, and sacraments."

text:
# Richmond Declaration

The **Richmond Declaration**, also known as the **Richmond Declaration of Faith** is a confession of faith of the Religious Society of Friends, being made by 95 Quakers (representatives of all Gurneyite Orthodox Friends Yearly Meetings) from around the world in September 1887, at a conference in Richmond, Indiana. It was a declaration of faith, and although Quakers do not subscribe to a creed, the Richmond Declaration of Faith has been used as a doctrinal standard by Orthodox Quakers (now represented by the Friends United Meeting), Holiness Quakers (represented by the Central Yearly Meeting of Friends) and Evangelical Quakers (represented by Evangelical Friends International), ever since.

The Declaration was "approved," "accepted," or "adopted" by the Orthodox Yearly Meetings of Indiana, Western, New England, New York, Baltimore, North Carolina, Iowa, and Canada. Among Orthodox Friends in North America, only Ohio and Philadelphia yearly meetings did not so act. The Friends United Meeting General Board reaffirmed the declaration as a statement of faith in February 2007. The Declaration appears in most Books of Discipline (Manuals of Faith and Practice) of Evangelical, Holiness and Friends United Meeting yearly meetings. In present-day Quakerdom, the vast majority are Evangelical Friends, thus making the Richmond Declaration of Faith representative of much of Quaker doctrine.

The Richmond Declaration of Faith includes "assertions about God, Christ, the Bible, resurrection and atonement, and other Christian basics", as well as "core Quaker beliefs about simplicity, oaths, peace, and sacraments."

## Criticism

Chuck Fager, a Liberal Quaker, claimed that the Richmond Declaration did not represent all branches of Friends and lamented that it had been used to expel ministers such as Joel Bean; in Fager's view, the confession does not represent what he sees as authentic Friends theology. Quaker author Bill Samuel rebutted Fager's claims, stating that the Richmond Declaration of Faith is consistent with early Quaker thought, inclusive of Robert Barclay's *Apology for the True Christian Divinity*; Samuel stated that Fager read "an awful lot between the lines" to make negative claims about the Richmond Declaration of Faith.

Though it was primarily written by a British Friend, Joseph Bevan Braithwaite, the London Yearly Meeting did not adopt the Richmond Declaration in 1888, after progressive younger members characterized by "theological and social drift" opposed its adoption in an extensive debate that "lasted for over five hours". Supported by many of the older, longstanding members in the London Yearly Meeting, Braithwaite saw the Richmond Declaration of Faith as being a bulwark against "unsound and dangerous doctrine" in times when Friends were "in a state of discipline and warfare".


title: Richmond Rifles

abstract: The Richmond Rifles were a professional ice hockey team of the Eastern Hockey League from 1979–1981, playing in Richmond, Virginia at the Richmond Coliseum. They played the final two seasons of the EHL. They were the affiliates of the New York Rangers for both seasons and the Winnipeg Jets for 1980-81.

text:
# Richmond Rifles

The **Richmond Rifles** were a professional ice hockey team of the Eastern Hockey League from 1979–1981, playing in Richmond, Virginia at the Richmond Coliseum. They played the final two seasons of the EHL. They were the affiliates of the New York Rangers for both seasons and the Winnipeg Jets for 1980-81.

## Season-by-season

| Season | Games | Won | Lost | Tied | Points | Winning
Pct (%) | Goals
for | Goals
against | Standing |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1979–80 | 70 | 40 | 24 | 6 | 86 | 0.614 | 315 | 240 | 2nd |
| 1980–81 | 72 | 38 | 29 | 5 | 81 | 0.563 | 331 | 295 | 2nd |

## InfoBox

| Richmond Rifles | |
| --- | --- |
| City | Richmond, VA |
| League | Eastern Hockey League |
| Operated | 1979-81 |
| Home arena | Richmond Coliseum |
| Colors | Blue, orange, white |
| Head coach | Andre Beaulieu (1979-1981)
Bill Purcell (1980-1981) |
| Affiliates | New York Rangers
Winnipeg Jets |
| Franchise history | |
| 1979-1981 | Richmond Rifles |