title: Orlando B. Ficklin

abstract: Orlando Bell Ficklin was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

text:
# Orlando B. Ficklin

**Orlando Bell Ficklin** (December 16, 1808 – May 5, 1886) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

## Early life and education

Born in Scott County, Kentucky, Ficklin attended the common schools. He was graduated from Transylvania Law School, Lexington, Kentucky, in 1830. He was admitted to the bar in 1830 and commenced practice in Mount Carmel, Illinois. He served in the Black Hawk War as quartermaster in 1832. He served as colonel of the militia of Wabash County in 1833.

## Political career

In 1835, Ficklin became state's attorney for the Wabash circuit. He was also a member of the Illinois House of Representatives in 1835, 1838, and 1842. He moved to Charleston, Illinois in 1837.

Ficklin was elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses (March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1849). He was chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds (Twenty-ninth Congress).

### Matson slave case

Although Ficklin worked as co-counsel with Abraham Lincoln on many cases, they were on opposite sides in possibly their most famous case. In 1847, Ficklin, his friend Charles H. Constable, and Usher Linder represented slaves who ran away while in Illinois and believed that they were free, arguing that the Northwest Ordinance forbade slavery in Illinois. Abraham Lincoln defended Robert Matson, a Kentucky enslaver who brought the enslaved people from his Kentucky plantation to work on land he owned in Illinois. Lincoln invoked the right of transit, which allowed enslavers to take their slaves temporarily into free territory, stressing that Matson did not intend the enslaved people to remain permanently in Illinois.

The judge in Coles County ruled for Ficklin's clients and against Lincoln, and the enslaved people were set free. Illinois and other free states adopted the principle "once free, always free."

### Environmental Perspective

Ficklin argued passionately that the federal government must develop the land, cultivating prairie even if such destroyed the native flowers and wild deer:

> Unless the government shall grant head rights ... prairies, with their gorgeous growth of flowers, their green carpeting, their lovely lawns and gentle slopes will for centuries continue to be the home of wild deer and wolf, their stillness will be undisturbed by the jocund song of the farmer, and their deep and fertile soil unbroken by the plowshare. Something must be done to remedy this evil.

### Return to Congress

Voters returned Ficklin to Congress in 1850, and he served in the Thirty-second Congress (March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853). During that session, Ficklin was chair of the Committee on the District of Columbia (Thirty-second Congress). He resumed the practice of law in Charleston. He served as delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1856, 1860, and 1864.

In the summer of 1864, Ficklin led a delegation to Washington to secure the release of 15 Coles County men arrested by military authorities for rioting. He requested they be returned to civilian authorities for indictment and trial, and the President granted his request about a week before the November election.

### After Lincoln's presidency

Although a Democrat in an area known for its Copperhead leanings, Ficklin eulogized Lincoln as a statesman and lamented his death.

Ficklin was a delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1869 and 1870. He again served in the Illinois House of Representatives in 1878.

## Death and legacy

Ficklin died in Charleston, Illinois, and was interred in Mound Cemetery.

*
* United States Congress. "Orlando B. Ficklin (id: F000101)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.
* McKirdy, Charles R. (2011). *Lincoln Apostate: The Matson Slave Case*. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1604739855.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

## InfoBox

| Orlando B. Ficklin | |
| --- | --- |
| From 1912's *A Genealogical History of the Ficklin Family* | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois's 3rd district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1851  March 3, 1853 | |
| Preceded by | Timothy R. Young |
| Succeeded by | Jesse O. Norton |
| **In office**
March 4, 1843  March 3, 1849 | |
| Preceded by | John T. Stuart |
| Succeeded by | Timothy R. Young |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1808-12-16)December 16, 1808
Scott County, Kentucky, US |
| Died | May 5, 1886(1886-05-05) (aged 77)
Charleston, Illinois, US |
| Resting place | Mound Cemetery, Charleston, Illinois |
| Political party | Democratic |
|  | |


title: Wannweil

abstract:
Wannweil is a town in the district of Reutlingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
It is located 5 kilometers northwest of Reutlingen between the cities Reutlingen and Tübingen. It was home of 1990 soccer world champion Guido Buchwald and of Germany's former president Horst Köhler during his study period in Tübingen.

text:
# Wannweil

**Wannweil** is a town in the district of Reutlingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is located 5 kilometers northwest of Reutlingen between the cities Reutlingen and Tübingen.

It was home of 1990 soccer world champion Guido Buchwald and of Germany's former president Horst Köhler during his study period in Tübingen.

## History

Wannweil was first mentioned in a 1257 Document as *Wyle bi Betzingen*, the name Wannwyle first appearing in 1465. In 1333, Albrecht of Blankenstein sold Wyle to the Spital of Reutlingen. Since then, it shares its history with the city. With the Treaty of Paris, Wannweil and Reutlingen were given to the Kingdom of Württemberg.

## Politics

### Municipal council

The municipal council has 14 elected members and its chairman is the mayor.

**Result of the last election**

Grün-Alternative Liste Wannweil 8.594 Votes = 4 Seats

CDU 8.432 Votes = 3 Seats

Freie Liste Wannweil 7.074 Votes = 3 Seats

SPD 5.388 Votes = 2 seats

Freie Wählervereinigung 3.595 Votes = 1 Seats

Bürgerbeteiligung in Wannweil 3.546 Votes = 1 Seats

### Mayor

The mayor is elected for 8 years

* 1967–1995: Rüdiger Scherret
* 1995–2018: Anette Rösch
* since 2018: Dr. Christian Majer

### Crest

Blazon: "In red on a green hill a ruin of a silver tower, around whose foot, out of the black gate, a silver snake with a golden crown winds."

### Town twinning

A partnership has been in place since May 2003 with the French municipality Mably (Loire department). Exchange meetings usually take place on Ascension Day.

## Religion

A church in Wannweil was first mentioned in 1275. The place has been Evangelical-Lutheran since the introduction of the Reformation in Reutlingen in 1530. Today there is one evangelical and one Roman Catholic parish in the village. In addition, the Volksmission entschiedener Christen ("People's Mission of Committed Christians") and the New Apostolic Church are active in Wannweil.

## InfoBox

| Wannweil | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location of Wannweil within Reutlingen district | |
| Wannweil Wannweil | |
| Coordinates: 48°30′53″N 09°09′03″E / 48.51472°N 9.15083°E / 48.51472; 9.15083 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Baden-Württemberg |
| Admin. region | Tübingen |
| District | Reutlingen |
| Government | |
| Mayor (201826) | Christian Majer |
| Area | |
| Total | 5.34 km2 (2.06 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 332 m (1,089 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 5,405 |
| Density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 72827 |
| Dialling codes | 07121 |
| Vehicle registration | RT |
| Website | www.wannweil.de |


title: The Maid's Tragedy

abstract: The Maid's Tragedy is a play by Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher. It was first published in 1619. The play has provoked divided responses from critics.

text:
# The Maid's Tragedy

***The Maid's Tragedy*** is a play by Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher. It was first published in 1619.

The play has provoked divided responses from critics.

## Date

The play's date of origin is not known with certainty. In 1611, Sir George Buck, the Master of the Revels, named *The Second Maiden's Tragedy* based on the resemblances he perceived between the two works. Scholars generally assign the Beaumont/Fletcher play to c. 1608–1611.

## Authorship

Scholars and critics generally agree that the play is mostly the work of Beaumont; Cyrus Hoy, in his extensive survey of authorship problems in the Beaumont/Fletcher canon, assigns only four scenes to Fletcher (Act II, scene 2; Act IV, 1; and Act V, 1 and 2), though one of those is the climax of the play (IV, 1).

## Publication

The play was entered into the Stationers' Register on 28 April 1619, and published later that year by the bookseller Francis Constable. Subsequent editions appeared in 1622, 1630, 1638, 1641, 1650, and 1661. The play was later included in the second Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1679.

The texts of the first quarto of 1619, and the second of 1622, are usually synthesized to create modern editions, since Q2 contains eighty lines not included in Q1, plus a couple of hundred changes and corrections on Q1.

## Synopsis

Melantius, a young general, returns from a military campaign which he has just concluded, winning peace for Rhodes. He is greeted by the King's brother, Lysippus. Melantius expects to have returned to witness the wedding of his friend Amintor with Aspatia, his betrothed, but instead the King has ordered Amintor to marry Melantius's sister, Evadne, in order to honour her brother's military achievements. Aspatia is very melancholy at this, but the whole court is about to celebrate the wedding with a masque.

Aspatia's aged father Calianax and a servant are attempting to keep the populace out of the palace as the masque is for the court alone. Calianax has been ‘humorous’ since his daughter's wedding was broken off and quarrels with Melantius and then with Amintor. The masque of Night and Cynthia (the Moon) is held with various songs, and Evadne and Amintor are taken to their wedding chamber.

Outside the chamber Evadne's maid Dula jokes bawdily with her mistress, but Aspatia cannot join in the banter and announces she will die of grief, taking a last farewell of Amintor when he enters. Left alone with her husband Evadne refuses to sleep with him and eventually reveals that the King has forcibly made her his mistress and has arranged this marriage to cover up her ‘dishonour’. Amintor is horrified, but agrees to go through with the charade of pretending to be a married couple. He sleeps on the floor. Aspatia is talking with her maids, advising them never to love. One of them has produced a tapestry of Theseus and Ariadne, a suitable theme for Aspatia's plight. Calianax enters and is angry at the situation, breathing threats against the men of the court.

The morning after the wedding night some male courtiers are talking bawdily outside the chamber and are joined by Melantius. Evadne and Amintor emerge and continue with the pretense, but Amintor is so distressed he says various strange things and Melantius and Evadne notice. The King and courtiers enter and he quizzes the couple; Amintor's answers are so smooth that the King grows jealous and he dismisses everyone except Evadne and Amintor. He satisfies himself that the couple have not slept together and he lets Amintor know the rules: he is to allow Evadne to come to him whenever he wants and is to stay away from her himself.

Melantius enters and quarrels with Calianax again; after he leaves, not daring to challenge Melantius, Amintor enters and Melantius gets the secret out of him. He dissuades his friend from revenge and counsels patience, but once Amintor has left he begins to plot to kill the King. In order to do this he has to have control of the citadel which is governed by Calianax. The old man enters again and Melantius proposes common revenge for the injuries that the King has done them both, but after he leaves Calianax resolves to go straight to the King with this information. Melantius goes to Evadne and forces her to reveal what has happened. He gets her to promise to kill the King. He leaves and Amintor enters, Evadne apologises for the situation, but doesn’t reveal she is to kill the King.

Calianax has told the King of Melantius’ plot, however the King has difficulty believing him. In the ensuing scene with the whole court, Melantius easily outfaces Calianax's accusations and leaves him looking foolish. When everyone except these two leave, Calianax tells Melantius he has no option but to go along with the plot and hand over the citadel. Melantius expects Evadne to kill the King that night, but at this point Amintor enters talking wildly of revenge and Melantius has to pretend that none is planned.

The King has summoned Evadne, but when she arrives at his bed chamber she finds him asleep. She soliloquises and then ties his arms to the bed. She wakes him and tells him she is going to kill him for his rape of her. The King doesn’t believe her, but she stabs him, makes sure he is dead, then leaves. The King's body is discovered and his brother Lysippus is proclaimed the new King. Melantius, his brother Diphilus, and the unwilling Calianax are standing on the citadel explaining to the populace why the King was killed. The new King enters, and after some negotiation the three agree to give up the citadel in return for a pardon.

Aspatia enters the palace dressed as a man seeking Amintor. When she finds him she pretends to be a brother of hers looking to fight Amintor to avenge the insult offered to his sister. After much provocation she gets him to fight, but during the fight she drops her guard deliberately and is fatally wounded. Evadne then enters with the bloody knife and asks Amintor to take her as his wife in actuality. He hesitates, leaves, and she stabs herself. He reenters to find her dead and the dying Aspatia reveals herself. He then stabs himself and dies.

Finally Melantius, the new King, and the court enter and discover the bodies; Melantius tries to kills himself too but is restrained. He promises to starve himself to death instead. The new King promises to rule ‘with temper’.

## Critical responses

Critics have varied widely, even wildly, in their responses to the play. Many have recognised the play's power, but have complained about the play's extremity and artificiality. (People who dislike aspects of Beaumont and Fletcher's work will find those dislikes amply represented, even crystallised, in this play.) John Glassner once wrote that to display "the insipidity of the plot, its execrable motivation or the want of it, and the tastelessness of many of the lines one would have to reprint the play."

Andrew Gurr, one of the play's modern editors, notes that the play "has that anomaly amongst Elizabethan tragedies, an original plot." Other critics have noted that the play introduces romance into the standard revenge tragedy, and that the play, even in its artificiality, has relevance to the disputes about authority that characterised relations between kings and Parliament in the decades leading up to the English Civil War. Due to its setting on the island of Rhodes, the play has also been read in light of sixteenth-century Ottoman military expansion in the Mediterranean.


title: Police and Security News

abstract: Police and Security News also known as P&SN is a bimonthly American magazine which covers news, information, products and services which affect policing and law enforcement. The magazine was founded in 1984. It is based in Quakertown, PA. Topics covered include new technology and information, training and tactics, new equipment and weaponry, innovative management ideas, police science and investigation, advancements in computer hardware and software, and less-lethal technology. In 2014 the magazine claimed a circulation of 24,000 copies. Its slogan is "Serving Law Enforcement & Homeland Security".

text:
# Police and Security News

***Police and Security News*** also known as ***P&SN*** is a bimonthly American magazine which covers news, information, products and services which affect policing and law enforcement. The magazine was founded in 1984. It is based in Quakertown, PA.

Topics covered include new technology and information, training and tactics, new equipment and weaponry, innovative management ideas, police science and investigation, advancements in computer hardware and software, and less-lethal technology.

In 2014 the magazine claimed a circulation of 24,000 copies. Its slogan is "Serving Law Enforcement & Homeland Security".


title: Old Lower Lighthouse

abstract: The Old Lower Lighthouse is a disused 19th century lighthouse on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, southern England. It is located along the eastern side of Portland Bill. The lighthouse, including its boundary walls and coastguard house, became Grade II Listed in September 1978. Working alongside the Old Higher Lighthouse from 1716, the lower lighthouse has subsequently been rebuilt twice, once in 1789 (when it became the first working lighthouse to have its light intensified by lenses and again in 1869. The lighthouse seen today was built in 1869 and has been the home of the Portland Bird Observatory since 1961.

text:
# Old Lower Lighthouse

The **Old Lower Lighthouse** is a disused 19th century lighthouse on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, southern England. It is located along the eastern side of Portland Bill. The lighthouse, including its boundary walls and coastguard house, became Grade II Listed in September 1978.

Working alongside the Old Higher Lighthouse from 1716, the lower lighthouse has subsequently been rebuilt twice, once in 1789 (when it became the first working lighthouse to have its light intensified by lenses and again in 1869. The lighthouse seen today was built in 1869 and has been the home of the Portland Bird Observatory since 1961.

## History

### Original operation as a lighthouse

The surrounding coast of Portland, namely Portland Bill and Chesil Beach, have been notorious for the many vessels that became shipwrecked in the area over the centuries. After years of local petitions to Trinity House, the organisation agreed for a lighthouse to be built at Portland Bill. George I granted the patent in 1716. That year it was announced that Trinity House had 'caus'd to be erected two round Light-Houses of Stone upon Portland, in the County of Dorset, distant about two Thirds of a Mile from the Bill of Portland'. The Old Higher Lighthouse was built at Branscombe Hill, and the other on lower land. Designed as leading lights to guide ships between Portland Race and the Shambles sandbank, they shone out for the first time on 29 September 1716. Initially, both were fire lights. Although they had been privately built, Trinity House took over responsibility for the lights on finding them poorly maintained, in 1752.

In 1789, Trinity House hired the Weymouth builder William Johns to demolish and rebuild the lower lighthouse. The new lighthouse, 63 feet high and built of Portland stone, was then installed with six Argand lights and spherical reflectors, together with a new lens system created by Thomas Rogers. (Rogers had been experimenting with incorporating lenses into the windows of lighthouse lanterns, and this was the first time that his lenses had been installed in a practical setting. Though they only remained in place for a few years, they represent the beginning of something that would later become standard practice: the application of dioptric technology to a lighthouse.

In 1824 the lights in both towers were renewed and improved by Trinity House; whilst the High Light was made revolving at this time, the Lower Light remained stationary but with 'its power and magnitude \[...\] considerably increased'. In 1869 Trinity House had both lighthouses rebuilt to allow for further improvements to be made; at the same time they were each provided with a large (first-order) fixed optic, designed and built by James Chance.

At the turn of the 20th century, Trinity House made plans to build a new lighthouse at Bill Point to replace both current lighthouses. The new lighthouse was completed in 1905, and the original two lighthouses were then auctioned.

### Establishment of bird observatory

During the Great War the lighthouse was the "Longstone Ope Tea Gardens". The lighthouse then saw several ownership changes, and was used as a family home for some of this time. After World War II, the lighthouse was empty and derelict.

During the 1950s, the studying of bird migration was becoming established on Portland. Many ornithologists were visiting the island and Portland Bill. Through the generosity of Miss Helen Brotherton and her family, the ornithologists were able to make the lighthouse their permanent base. In March 1961 the conversion and repair work had been completed, and the observatory was officially opened by Sir Peter Scott, as Portland's Bird Observatory and Field Centre. The observatory later became a registered charity. It caters for naturalists of all persuasions and offers hostel-style accommodation.

## InfoBox

Old Lower Lighthouse
*Portland Bill Low*
| The Old Lower Lighthouse in 2009 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Isle of Portland
Dorset
England |
| OS grid | SY6811768973 |
| Coordinates | 50°31′11″N 2°27′04″W / 50.519687°N 2.451061°W / 50.519687; -2.451061 |
| Tower | |
| Constructed | 1716 (first)
1759 (second) |
| Construction | stone tower |
| Height | 25 metres (82 ft) |
| Shape | cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern attached to a 2-storey building |
| Markings | white tower and lantern |
| Operator | Portland Bird Observatory and Field Centre |
| Heritage | Grade II listed building |
|  | |
| Light | |
| First lit | 1869 (current) |
| Deactivated | 1906 |
| Lens | 1st-order catadioptric fixed |
|  | |


title: New Bridge High School

abstract: New Bridge High School is a public high school in Grants Pass, Oregon, United States. It is located at the Rogue Valley Youth Correctional Facility. New Bridge first started teaching students in December 1997.

text:
# New Bridge High School

**New Bridge High School** is a public high school in Grants Pass, Oregon, United States. It is located at the Rogue Valley Youth Correctional Facility. New Bridge first started teaching students in December 1997.

## InfoBox

| New Bridge High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 2001 NE F Street
Grants Pass, Josephine County, Oregon 97526
United States | |
| Coordinates | 42°25′58″N 123°18′09″W / 42.432742°N 123.302372°W / 42.432742; -123.302372 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public |
| Opened |  |
| School district | Three Rivers School District |
| Principal | Dave Regal |
| Grades | 9-12 |
| Number of students | 70-100 |
| Website | New Bridge HS website |


title: Uninsured employer

abstract: Uninsured employer in the United States is a term to identify an employer of workers under circumstances where there is no form of insurance in place to provide certain benefits to those workers. More specifically, it is a term used in workers’ compensation law to identify an employer who does not have some form of worker's compensation insurance or self-insurance coverage in effect at the time of, or during the time of, a claimed injury. All States require that employers provide injury benefits coverage to their employees. These benefits are called workers’ compensation insurance coverage. This kind of coverage is to be distinguished from liability coverage, which covers the premises and the owner/occupier of the space from claims made by non-employees for injuries on the premises. It is also to be distinguished from health insurance, which covers only medical bills for non-work incurred conditions. Protection can be accomplished through a traditional insurance policy for workers’ compensation coverage. Coverage can also be accomplished by way of compliance with various State self-insurance laws requiring substantial bonding and self-funding. For example, public agencies are usually permissibly self-insured. When the employer has no specific insurance, or arrangement for the provision of workers’ compensation benefits to injured employees, the employer is then referred to as an uninsured employer.

text:
# Uninsured employer

**Uninsured employer** in the United States is a term to identify an employer of workers under circumstances where there is no form of insurance in place to provide certain benefits to those workers. More specifically, it is a term used in workers’ compensation law to identify an employer who does not have some form of worker's compensation insurance or self-insurance coverage in effect at the time of, or during the time of, a claimed injury.

All States require that employers provide injury benefits coverage to their employees. These benefits are called workers’ compensation insurance coverage. This kind of coverage is to be distinguished from liability coverage, which covers the premises and the owner/occupier of the space from claims made by non-employees for injuries on the premises. It is also to be distinguished from health insurance, which covers only medical bills for non-work incurred conditions.

Protection can be accomplished through a traditional insurance policy for workers’ compensation coverage. Coverage can also be accomplished by way of compliance with various State self-insurance laws (usually reserved for larger employers) requiring substantial bonding and self-funding. For example, public agencies are usually permissibly self-insured.

When the employer has no specific insurance, or arrangement for the provision of workers’ compensation benefits to injured employees, the employer is then referred to as an uninsured employer.

## Criminal law as per state

This status is a highly negative one in most States and often deemed a crime under State law. When there are no funds available to cover the benefits, and resulting bills for such benefits, the State usually steps in and provides the funding; hence the State's interest in making the failure to have coverage both legally and financially painful. Most often this involves complete repayment to the State, fines, penalties, business closure, and the loss of legal defenses. The seriousness of the status by the uninsured employer is often underestimated due to unfamiliarity with the system and the belief that, like automobile uninsured motorist law, a quick settlement can be made by the uninsured for a modest amount to end the process. This is contrary to State law and recent studies in California have shown that for 2009 average claim cost is upwards of $60,000 and continually rising.

## State-based uninsured employers fund

Most often US states set aside fund to pay claims to injured workers under certain circumstances. Below are some examples:

### California Uninsured Employers Fund

Two special funds pay claims to injured workers under certain circumstances.

* Claims are paid from the Uninsured Employers Benefits Trust Fund (UEBTF) when illegally uninsured employers fail to pay workers' compensation benefits awarded to their injured employees by the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board. The UEBTF is funded by a small tax on every Workers' Compensation policy that is written, and the UEBTF typically places liens on assets of the uninsured employers until the debt is repaid. To do so, a Special Notice of Lawsuit must be properly served upon the uninsured employer to give the UEBTF legal jurisdiction for the recovery.
* The Subsequent Injuries Benefits Trust Fund (SIBTF) is a source of additional compensation to injured workers who already had a disability or impairment at the time of injury. For benefits to be paid from the SIBTF, the combined effect of the injury and the previous disability or impairment must result in a permanent disability of at least 70 percent. The fund enables employers to hire disabled workers without fear of being held liable for the effects of previous disabilities or impairments. SIBTF benefit checks are issued to injured workers by the SIBTF Claims Unit after benefits are awarded by the Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board.

### New York Uninsured Employers Fund

* If an employee is hurt when there is no workers' compensation policy in effect and that employee chooses to file a workers' compensation claim, the employer will be liable for the actual cost of medical care and compensation payments, in addition to penalties. If a corporation has failed to secure workers' compensation coverage, the president, secretary and treasurer of a corporation are personally liable for the medical care, compensation payments, penalties and possible criminal prosecution.

The New York State Workers' Compensation Board's Bureau of Compliance oversees uninsured claims. The Uninsured Employers Fund (UEF) is the funding mechanism for compensation and medical payments to injured employees whose employer was not properly insured at the time of the accident.

## Risks to an uninsured employer

The risks to an uninsured employer are many, and can threaten the continued existence and viability of the firm. These risks include:

1. Possibility of business closure
2. Large fines, which can reach $10,000 or more, depending on state
3. Presumption of negligence
4. Exposure to civil suits by injured workers
5. Criminal conviction and personal fines
6. Imposition of a 10% surcharge in addition to the disability claim, plus attorney fees for the worker

## Dealing with problems

While an uninsured employer does face a real problem, such as a prospective fine, prosecution, or employee injury, or is actually sued, there are steps the employer can take to minimize the consequences. Several established law firms can represent the employer in all administrative hearings and appeals, and advise the employer how to proceed. The goal for the uninsured employer is not only to achieve resolution to the immediate problem, but also to protect the assets of the firm, and to reach an accommodation with the regulatory agencies that enables the company to go forward in compliance with the law. The Uninsured Employer Benefit Trust Fund in CA does not have funding or staff to mitigate the value of an uninsured claim. UEBTF merely pays the claim and all costs as claimed by the Applicant/Plaintiff, and assesses the cost against the uninsured employer. If legal counsel is retained by the uninsured employer, there is at least opportunity to mitigate the value/reimbursement to UEBTF. Additionally, legal counsel can sometimes mitigate the administrative penalties, and negotiate repayment plans that allow the business to continue.


title: Vilém Veverka

abstract: Vilém Veverka is a Czech oboist. He is the winner of the 7th International Tokyo Oboe Competition and a soloist.

text:
# Vilém Veverka

**Vilém Veverka** (also sometimes written as **Vilem Veverka**) (born 5 February 1978 in Prague) is a Czech oboist. He is the winner of the 7th International Tokyo Oboe Competition and a soloist.

## Career

After studying at the Prague Conservatory with František Xaver Thuri and later at the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague, he studied at the Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler and interned at the Berlin Philharmonic. He produced a complete recording of Georg Philipp Telemann’s Twelve Fantasias for Supraphon and notably performed all Jan Dismas Zelenka's Trio Sonatas, with the Ensemble Berlin-Prag, which he co-founded in 2011. Vilém Veverka is a soloist of the Brno Philharmonic and an ambassador of France's Buffet Crampon. In 2014 he was an Artist in Residence at Germany's Mitte Europa festival.

## Recordings

* 2015 – Vivaldi, Bach, Telemann - Oboe Concertos (Recorded with Dominik Wollenweber and Ensemble 18+ for Supraphon).
* 2017 – Impressions / Ravel, Debussy, Sluka: Works for Oboe and Harp.
* 2017 – Mozart, Beethoven, Klein: Music for Wind Instruments.
* 2018 – Zelenka: Trio Sonatas ZWV 181.
* 2020 – Next Horizon, with Ultimate W Band


abstract: The International Institute of Air and Space Law (IIASL) is a leading research and teaching institution. It specialises in legal and policy issues for aviation and space activities. It forms part of the Leiden Law School at Leiden University. The institute co-operates with many sister institutions and maintains contact with national and international organisations throughout the world. It is guided by an International Advisory Board populated by people professionally involved with the development of aviation and space-related activities who meet at least once per year. It organises courses and conferences on all aspects of aviation and space law and policy.

text:
# International Institute of Air and Space Law

The **International Institute of Air and Space Law** (IIASL) is a leading research and teaching institution. It specialises in legal and policy issues for aviation and space activities. It forms part of the Leiden Law School at Leiden University.

The institute co-operates with many sister institutions and maintains contact with national and international organisations throughout the world.

It is guided by an International Advisory Board populated by people professionally involved with the development of aviation and space-related activities who meet at least once per year.

It organises courses and conferences on all aspects of aviation and space law and policy.

## History

The first professor appointed to teach air law was Daniel Goedhuis in 1938. A chair in air law was created in 1947 and extended to space law in 1961. Professor Goedhuis held it until 1977. His successor Professor Henri Wassenbergh was the catalyst for the creation of the current institute.

The institute held its Silver Jubilee in August 2011

## Purpose

The purpose of the institute is to contribute to the development of aviation and space law and related policy by conducting and promoting research and teaching at university level.

## Facilities

The Institute possesses a modern library.

## InfoBox

International Institute of Air and Space Law
| The institution's logo. | |
| --- | --- |
| Founder(s) | Professor Henri Wassenbergh |
| Established | 1985 |
| Mission | contribute to the development of aviation and space law |
| Director | Prof. Dr. Steven Truxal |
| Staff | Five |
| Location | Leiden, Netherlands |
| Coordinates | 52°09′23″N 4°29′26″E / 52.15632°N 4.49058°E / 52.15632; 4.49058 |
| Website | http://law.leiden.edu/organisation/publiclaw/iiasl/ |


title: Orlando B. Batten

abstract: Orlando Bennett Batten was a lawyer and politician who was a pioneer of the Montana and Idaho territories.

text:
# Orlando B. Batten

**Orlando Bennett Batten** (c.1855 – January 20, 1920) was a lawyer and politician who was a pioneer of the Montana and Idaho territories.

## Biography

Batten was born in about 1855 in Maryland, graduated from St. John's College in Annapolis in 1874, and graduated from the University of Maryland School of Law in 1876. In 1879, he sailed to Oregon to teach at the Bishop Scott Academy. In 1880, he was accepted in Grenada, Mississippi, as a candidate for holy orders of the Protestant Episcopal Church, with the plan to attend a three year preparatory course at Sewanee: the University of the South.

However, he soon turned to the practice of law, moving to the Montana Territory in 1881 and being admitted to practice before the Montana Territorial Supreme Court in 1882. Later that year, he was elected as a Democrat to the Montana Territorial House of Representatives to represent Missoula County in the 1883 session. In the legislature, he advocated for education reform, including making education compulsory. Later that year, he moved to Oregon, becoming a close associate of William H. Clagett.

Batten soon followed Clagett to the Idaho Territory, locating in Ketchum in 1885 and quickly receiving an appointment as deputy district attorney for Alturas County. In 1886, he was admitted to practice before the Idaho Territorial Supreme Court and lost the Democratic nomination for county district attorney. The following year, he was reportedly considered for nomination to the Attorney General for the territory by Governor Edward A. Stevenson, after his first nominee was rejected, but instead Richard Z. Johnson was reappointed. In 1888, he again ran for county district attorney, securing the Democratic nomination over Lycurgus Vineyard, but he narrowly lost the general election. The following year, he was appointed by Governor Stevenson as one of the initial regents of the University of Idaho, he represented Alturas County as a delegate to the Idaho Constitutional Convention, and he is a signatory of the resulting document.

In 1907 and 1909, he was appointed as a commissioner of deeds in New York City. On January 20, 1920, he died in Salem, New Jersey, and he was buried in Norfolk, Virginia.

## Electoral history

### 1882

1882 Montana House of Representatives election in Missoula County
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Orlando B. Batten** | **1,570** | **100.0%** |
| Total votes | | | **1,570** | **100.0%** |

### 1888

1888 district attorney election in Alturas County
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **J. L. Waters** | **1,393** | **51.1%** |
|  | Democratic | Orlando B. Batten | 1,333 | 48.9% |
| Total votes | | | **2,726** | **100.0%** |

## InfoBox

| Orlando B. Batten | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Delegate to the Idaho Constitutional Convention | |
| **In office**
July 4, 1889  August 6, 1889 | |
| Constituency | Alturas County |
| Member of the Montana Territorial House of Representatives | |
| **In office**
January 8, 1883  January 12, 1885 | |
| Preceded by | Henry Chambers |
| Succeeded by | Clyde Eastman
Martin L. Emigh |
| Constituency | Missoula County |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c.1855
Maryland, U.S. |
| Died | (1920-01-20)January 20, 1920 (aged c.64)
Salem, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Education | St. John's College
University of Maryland School of Law |
| Profession | lawyer and politician |
| Signature |  |
|  | |


title: Raja Ranguski

abstract: Raja Ranguski is a 2018 Tamil-language drama thriller film written, produced and directed by Dharani Dharan. The film stars Metro Shirish and Chandini Tamilarasan, with the former playing the title role of Raja while the latter playing the title role of Ranguski, while Anupama Kumar and Kalloori Vinoth play supporting roles. The music was composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja, with cinematography by D. K. Yuvaa and editing by Shafiq Muhammed Ali. The film was released on 21 September 2018 and received generally positive reviews.

text:
# Raja Ranguski

***Raja Ranguski*** is a 2018 Tamil-language drama thriller film written, produced and directed by Dharani Dharan. The film stars Metro Shirish and Chandini Tamilarasan, with the former playing the title role of Raja while the latter playing the title role of Ranguski, while Anupama Kumar and Kalloori Vinoth play supporting roles. The music was composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja, with cinematography by D. K. Yuvaa and editing by Shafiq Muhammed Ali. The film was released on 21 September 2018 and received generally positive reviews.

## Plot

Raja is a police constable who lives with his colleague Baskar. He falls in love with an aspiring writer named Ranguski. He often visits Maria, a senior citizen living in a villa community who has demanded police protection as she is an antique collector and possesses many valuable things. Maria and Ranguski live in the same housing complex. Raja tries to woo Ranguski by making her prank calls in the name of a stranger and forcing her to love him instead. As Ranguski is frustrated by this, she falls in love with Raja.

To Raja's surprise, he finds that Ranguski still gets such calls from a stranger. Soon, he too gets such calls, and the caller threatens to kill Ranguski. Raja rushes to Ranguski's home to save her, but he finds out that the killer has killed Maria instead. With circumstances proving that Raja is the killer, he plans to work with Baskar and Ranguski to find the real killer. They deduce that the killer is part of the villa community too. When Raja goes to meet a photographer who claims to know who the real killer is, he finds the latter has been murdered. Raja is then arrested by CBCID officer KK. However, he manages to escape custody and reunites with Ranguski and Baskar. He tells that while at Maria's house on the day of the murder, he saw a man with a tattoo on his forearm. They then track down that man, John. John says that he went to Maria's house looking for the highly valuable Gutenberg Bible but found her already dead.

Raja then asks Ranguski to meet KK and hand over a recording of John's confession to him. They then find John dead. Raja receives a call again which seems to indicate that Ranguski has been kidnapped. Raja and Baskar are then rounded up by the police. However, Raja fights off the police and runs away to find his friend Shiva. Shiva tells him that the last location of Ranguski's phone was at a church in Cheyur. Raja visits the church and meets Maria's twin sister Mary, who reveals that Ranguski is the one who committed all the murders and framed Raja.

Meanwhile, Ranguski, in possession of the Gutenberg Bible, meets the buyers, the contact she got from John before killing him. While trying to escape with the money, she is shot by the police and dies in Raja's arms. Before dying, she reveals to Raja that she never loves him, she used him as a pawn in order to concealing her crimes .

## Cast

## Production

Dharani Dharan and Shirish, who made his acting debut with *Metro* (2016), announced that they would make a film together during September 2016. The following month, Yuvan Shankar Raja was signed on to work as the music composer, a move which raised the profile of the project. In late December 2016, Pooja Devariya was signed on to portray the lead female role, while the title was revealed to be *Raja Ranguski*, with the end of the name taken from writer Sujatha's pen name and the mosquito's name from *Enthiran* (2010). Production began during the first week of January, with the team suggesting that they would shoot for two straight months to wrap up filming work. A few days after the shoot began, Devariya was replaced by Chandini Tamilarasan after the former fell ill. The team were not able to delay the shoot and subsequently opted to sign on a new actress to keep to their schedule. Anupama Kumar joined the team to essay an important role. The much awaited official trailer of 'Raja Ranguski' has hit the web and has already begun trending. Director Dharani Dharan who has given us films like ‘Burma’, ‘Jackson Durai’ is all set to engage us with a cop investigative thriller in 'Raja Ranguski'.

## Soundtrack

Pattukutty Neethaan

## InfoBox

| Raja Ranguski | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Dharani Dharan |
| Written by | Dharani Dharan |
| Produced by | Dharani Dharan |
| Starring | Metro Shirish
Chandini Tamilarasan
Anupama Kumar |
| Cinematography | D. K. Yuvaa |
| Edited by | Shafique Mohamed Ali |
| Music by | Yuvan Shankar Raja |
| Production
companies | Vasan Productions, Burma Talkies |
| Release date | * 21 September 2018 (2018-09-21) |
| Running time | 120 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Tamil |


title: The Maid (1991 film)

abstract: The Maid is a 1990 made for TV film directed by Ian Toynton in which Anthony Wayne goes to Paris for a new job and has a 30-day period before he starts work to get settled.

text:
# The Maid (1991 film)

***The Maid*** is a 1990 made for TV film directed by Ian Toynton in which Anthony Wayne (Martin Sheen) goes to Paris for a new job and has a 30-day period before he starts work to get settled.

## Plot

Anthony Wayne, the head of mergers and acquisitions for a NYC bank, is hired by a Parisian bank to take over for someone who has suddenly left. Nicole Chantrelle is frustrated to not be promoted, as her boss C.P. has head-hunted Wayne rather than consider her.

Anthony is a messy, immature bachelor, who foolishly had a fling with his coworker Elisabeth. He approaches her after he receives C.P. Olivier's offer to see if she will speak with him, but she has moved on and suggests he do the same. Nicole is a single mother, whose young daughter Marie keeps driving away her nannies.

When Anthony arrives in Paris, scouting for an attractive prospect and not able to take up his new job for one month, he catches sight of Nicole. Instantly attracted, he follows her to the domestic help agency where he overhears her desperately pleading for a replacement. Anthony appears at Nicole's door, claiming to be a maid named John. She hires him on the spot. When he sees Marie, he tries to get out of it, but Nicole hurries out.

Initially, Marie is very bratty and difficult. Managing to lock Anthony in her bedroom, once he has freed himself he treats her with a firm hand. By Nicole's return, the house is picked up, Marie has eaten, done her tasks and in bed. Pleased, Nicole declares he is hired.

Detemined to reveal the ruse ASAP, in the meantime Anthony hires a crew to clean Nicole's apartment, then meets C.P. for lunch. Nicole has her own 'business lunch' with Laurent Leclair, who clearly shares an attraction with her.

Very happy with him, one evening Nicole invites Anthony to stay for dinner. Afterwards, as they are doing the dishes, she tells him how Marie's father had disappeared from her life before her birth. Nicole asks him about being a maid, and he is not forthcoming with the answers. Anthony takes the recently vacant apartment under Nicole's without telling her.

At work, C.P. tells Nicole to put in motion a 300 million dollar loan to the Leclair Group, and mentions Wayne will be starting the following week. At home, she consults with Anthony about meeting a work colleague for dinner. He suggests Nicole make it less intimate by inviting more colleagues, Before too long it has become an eight-person meal, organised and manned by Anthony in Nicole's.

Contracting a catering company to deliver a several-course meal, when Anthony sees C.P., he suddenly realises it is her company that has hired him. Disguising himself by slicking back his hair and ensuring C.P. does not see his face, he is able to keep his cover. After all but Laurent leave, Anthony tries to stick around, but Nicole sends him home.

In the morning, as they having breakfast, Laurent breaks the news that he is married to Nicole. Distraught they had been intimate, she confides in Anthony. Exclaiming he is very trustworthy, they spend time together and with Marie. They kiss, and Anthony declares he loves her. Nicole insists she could never date an employee. However, she follows him out, finally seeing he moved downstairs. Entering his place, Nicole fires him and declares her feelings.

Spending the night, they wake to his talking alarm, which calls him Anthony Wayne. Shocked, Nicole storms out. At work, Anthony starts his first day there. She tells C.P. she will not work with him then, in the meeting with Laurent, she recommends they not give him the loan as he would not be able to repay it. Laurent and C.P. believe she is making it persomal, so the account is reassigned to Anthony.

Anthony insists on reviewing Laurent's financials and Nicole begrudgingly helps. Working on the figures the rest of the day and into the night, the pair bring their findings into work in the morning. Their evaluation of his financials, coupled with information Anthony's NYC contacts gleaned about US banks Leclair had caused to go under, convince C.P. to sever ties with him.

C.P. apologizes to Nicole for doubting her, then lets her know Anthony has turned in his notice. Saddenened, she heads home to find Anthony and they joyfully embrace.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| The Maid | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Ian Toynton |
| Written by | Timothy Prager |
| Starring | Martin Sheen
Jacqueline Bisset
Victoria Shalet |
| Release date | * 1990 (1990) |
| Running time | 84 minutes |
| Countries | France
United Kingdom
United States |
| Language | English |


title: Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union

abstract: The Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union (POPCRU) is a trade union in South Africa representing police officers, traffic officers and correctional officers, it has around 120,000 members. POPCRU was formed in 1989.

text:
# Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union

The **Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union** (**POPCRU**) is a trade union in South Africa representing police officers, traffic officers and correctional officers, it has around 120,000 members. POPCRU was formed in 1989.

## History

On 5 September 1989, a group of Cape Coloured officers in the South African Police defied orders and refused to attack anti-apartheid protesters. Some of them worked with a group of prison warders to found POPCRU, in November. The new unions was unable to secure recognition, with many of its leaders being dismissed, and some being imprisoned. In 1993, it finally achieved recognition.

POPCRU is an affiliate of the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU).

## Leadership

### General Secretaries

Jacob Tsumane 2000s: Abbey Witbooi 2007: Nathi Theledi

### Presidents

1989: Gregory Rockman 1990s: Johnny Jansen 1996: Zizamele Cebekhulu

## InfoBox

POPCRU
| Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Founded | November 1989 |
| Headquarters | Johannesburg, South Africa |
| Location |  |
| Members | 120,000 |
| Key people | Zizamele Cebekhulu, president <br>Nathi Theledi, secretary general |
| Affiliations | COSATU, WFTU |
| Website | www.popcru.org.za IT Manager Abel Mahlangu |


title: Ideosphere

abstract: The ideosphere—like the noosphere—is the metaphysical 'place' where thoughts, theories, ideas, and ideation are regarded to be created, evaluated, and evolved. Analogous to the biosphere, the ideosphere is the realm of memetic evolution, where 'memes' take the role of biological genes. As such, the ideosphere is an entire memetic ecology: the collective intelligence of all humans wherein memes live, reproduce, compete, and mutate. The health of an ideosphere, in this sense, can be measured by its memetic diversity. Moreover, like the biosphere, it has ecological niches, which serve as environments for groups or audiences. For instance, some entities compete for ecological niches in the ideosphere, such as Buddha, Laozi, the kami of Shinto, Satan, Jesus Christ in Christianity and in other religions, etc. Another example, an ideosphere is formed around a linguistic system that involves a mixture of cynicism and sentimentality as well as the violent appropriation of the other's word. Douglas Hofstadter and Aaron Lynch are considered to have independently co-invented the term ideosphere in the mid-1980s. The ideosphere is not considered to be a physical place by most people; instead, it is "inside the minds" of all the humans in the world. It is also sometimes believed that the Internet, books, and other media could be considered to be part of the ideosphere—however such media lack the ability to process the thoughts they contain. According to philosopher Yasuhiko Kimura, the ideosphere is "concentric" in form, as ideas are generated by a few people with others merely perceiving and accepting these ideas from these "external authorities." He advocates an "omnicentric" configuration, wherein all individuals create new ideas and interact as self-authorities. There is the notion that most of humanity remains the consumer instead of producer of ideas. To address this, Kimura proposed the so-called ideospheric transformation, triggered by a synergetic phenomenon produced by the emergence of a sufficient number of authentic and independent thinkers.

text:
# Ideosphere

The **ideosphere**—like the noosphere (i.e., the realm of reason)—is the metaphysical 'place' where thoughts, theories, ideas, and ideation are regarded to be created, evaluated, and evolved.

Analogous to the biosphere (the realm of biological evolution), the ideosphere is the realm of memetic evolution, where 'memes' take the role of biological genes. As such, the ideosphere is an entire memetic ecology: the collective intelligence of all humans wherein memes live, reproduce, compete, and mutate.

The health of an ideosphere, in this sense, can be measured by its memetic diversity. Moreover, like the biosphere, it has ecological niches, which serve as environments for groups or audiences. For instance, some entities compete for ecological niches in the ideosphere, such as Buddha, Laozi, the *kami* of Shinto, Satan, Jesus Christ in Christianity and in other religions, etc. Another example, an ideosphere is formed around a linguistic system that involves a mixture of cynicism and sentimentality as well as the violent appropriation of the other's word.

Douglas Hofstadter and Aaron Lynch are considered to have independently co-invented the term *ideosphere* in the mid-1980s.

The ideosphere is not considered to be a physical place by most people; instead, it is "inside the minds" of all the humans in the world. It is also sometimes believed that the Internet, books, and other media could be considered to be part of the ideosphere—however such media lack the ability to process the thoughts they contain.

According to philosopher Yasuhiko Kimura, the ideosphere is "concentric" in form, as ideas are generated by a few people with others merely perceiving and accepting these ideas from these "external authorities." He advocates an "omnicentric" configuration, wherein all individuals create new ideas and interact as self-authorities. There is the notion that most of humanity remains the consumer instead of producer of ideas. To address this, Kimura proposed the so-called ideospheric transformation, triggered by a synergetic phenomenon produced by the emergence of a sufficient number of authentic and independent thinkers.

1. Grant, Glenn. 1990. "Memetic Lexicon." *Principia Cybernetica*. (Also available in Finkelstein 2008, pp. 820–5
2. Hofstadter, Douglas R. 1985. *Metamagical Themas: Questions for the Essence of Mind and Pattern*. New York: Basic Books. "ideosphere."
3. James, Craig A. (2010). *The Religion Virus*. John Hunt Publishing. pp. 69. ISBN 9781846942723.
4. Lynch, Aaron. 1996. *Thought Contagion: How Belief Spreads Through Society: The New Science Of Memes*.
5. Hale-Evans, Ron (2008). "Memetics: A Systems Metabiology". *Finkelstein 2008*. pp. 848–866.
6. Olsson, Ulf (2013). *Silence and Subject in Modern Literature: Spoken Violence*. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 116. ISBN 9781349468645.
7. Lynch, Aaron. 1998. "Units, Events and Dynamics in Memetic Evolution." *Journal of Memetics* 2. Archived from the original on 2006-05-16. (Also available via PDF)
8. Kryger, Meir H., Tom Roth, and William C. Dement. 1994. *Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine*. Saunders. p. xxiii.
9. Kimura, Yasuhiko Genku. 2000. "A Vision Fulfilled."

## Further reading


title: New Bridge Medical Center

abstract: Bergen New Bridge Medical Center is an acute and long-term care hospital located in Paramus, New Jersey, US. The hospital campus also houses a nursing home and a mental health facility. The facility first opened in 1916 as the Bergen County Isolation Hospital, housing patients with tuberculosis and other contagious diseases. It later became known as Bergen Pines, inspired by the planting of more than 1,000 young pine trees donated in 1924 by Hackensack's Pioneer Masonic Lodge. In 1998, Bergen County contracted with the Solomon Health Group to form Bergen Regional Medical Center.

text:
# New Bridge Medical Center

**Bergen New Bridge Medical Center** (previously known as **Bergen Regional Medical Center**) is an acute and long-term care hospital located in Paramus, New Jersey, US. The hospital campus also houses a nursing home and a mental health facility.

The facility first opened in 1916 as the Bergen County Isolation Hospital, housing patients with tuberculosis and other contagious diseases. It later became known as Bergen Pines, inspired by the planting of more than 1,000 young pine trees donated in 1924 by Hackensack's Pioneer Masonic Lodge. In 1998, Bergen County contracted with the Solomon Health Group to form Bergen Regional Medical Center.

40°57′23″N 74°03′45″W / 40.956442°N 74.062477°W / 40.956442; -74.062477

## InfoBox

| Bergen New Bridge Medical Center | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| The entrance to Bergen New Bridge Medical Center | |
|  | |
| Geography | |
| Location | 230 East Ridgewood Avenue, Paramus, NJ, United States |
| Organization | |
| Type | Community |
| Services | |
| Links | |
| Lists | Hospitals in the United States |


title: Global Commons Institute

abstract: The Global Commons Institute gci.org.uk Archived 5 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine was founded in the United Kingdom in 1990 by Aubrey Meyer and others to campaign for a fair way to tackle climate change. It has in particular promoted the model of Contraction and Convergence of CO2 emissions as a means to tackle climate change which has been adopted by the UN COP on Climate Change & some international religious organisations. Many of the founders and signatories to the first statement in favour of contraction and convergence were members of the Green Party.

text:
# Global Commons Institute

The **Global Commons Institute** gci.org.uk Archived 5 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine was founded in the United Kingdom in 1990 by Aubrey Meyer and others to campaign for a fair way to tackle climate change.

It has in particular promoted the model of Contraction and Convergence of CO2 emissions as a means to tackle climate change which has been adopted by the UN COP on Climate Change & some international religious organisations. Many of the founders and signatories to the first statement in favour of contraction and convergence were members of the Green Party.


title: Vilmos Éden

abstract: Vilmos Éden was a Hungarian rower. He competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin with the men's coxed four where they came fifth.

text:
# Vilmos Éden

**Vilmos Éden** (22 September 1914 – 6 September 1984) was a Hungarian rower. He competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin with the men's coxed four where they came fifth.

## InfoBox

Vilmos Éden
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1914-09-22)22 September 1914
Vecsés, Hungary |
| Died | 6 September 1984(1984-09-06) (aged 69)
Budapest, Hungary |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Rowing |
| Club | Hungária Evezős Egylet |
| Medal record      Men's rowing  Representing  Hungary  European Rowing Championships  1934 Lucerne  Eight | |


abstract: The International Institute for the Sociology of Law (IISL) in Oñati is the only international establishment which is entirely devoted to teaching and promoting the sociology of law, socio-legal studies, and law and society research. The IISL is a joint venture of the Research Committee on Sociology of Law and the government of the Basque autonomous region in Spain. It is situated in the University of Oñati in Oñati. The founding director of the IISL, André-Jean Arnaud, had bronze plaques put on the walls of the renaissance building with the names of some of the forefathers of modern sociology of law: Montesquieu, Henry James Sumner Maine, Francisco Giner de los Ríos, Henri Lévy-Bruhl, Achille Loria, Leon Petrażycki, Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, Eugen Ehrlich, Karl Renner, Karl N. Llewellyn, Theodor Geiger, Georges Gurvitch, Nicholas S. Timasheff. The IISL has four "official languages": English, French, Spanish and Basque. It houses a famous library/documentation centre covering socio-legal literature in all major and many minor languages. The Institute organises socio-legal workshops and an international Master's Program in the Sociology of Law, including student scholarships. Publications from the workshops are regularly produced in both an English- and Spanish language series, including the Institute's own online peer-reviewed journal. The IISL is also the host of the World Consortium of Law and Society associations. Applications to host a workshop, residence grants for visitors wishing to use the library, and to study on the Masters programmes are usually due mid-February.

text:
# International Institute for the Sociology of Law

The **International Institute for the Sociology of Law (IISL)** in Oñati is the only international establishment which is entirely devoted to teaching and promoting the sociology of law, socio-legal studies, and law and society research.

The IISL is a joint venture of the Research Committee on Sociology of Law (also known as RC12 of the International Sociological Association) and the government of the Basque autonomous region in Spain. It is situated (since 1989) in the University of Oñati (the Ancient University of the Basque Country) in Oñati. The founding director of the IISL, André-Jean Arnaud, had bronze plaques put on the walls of the renaissance building with the names of some of the forefathers of modern sociology of law: Montesquieu, Henry James Sumner Maine, Francisco Giner de los Ríos, Henri Lévy-Bruhl, Achille Loria, Leon Petrażycki, Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, Eugen Ehrlich, Karl Renner, Karl N. Llewellyn, Theodor Geiger, Georges Gurvitch, Nicholas S. Timasheff.

The IISL has four "official languages": English, French, Spanish and Basque. It houses a famous library/documentation centre covering socio-legal literature in all major and many minor languages. The Institute organises socio-legal workshops and an international Master's Program in the Sociology of Law, including student scholarships. Publications from the workshops are regularly produced in both an English- and Spanish language series, including the Institute's own online peer-reviewed journal (Onati Socio-Legal Series). The IISL is also the host of the World Consortium of Law and Society associations. Applications to host a workshop, residence grants for visitors wishing to use the library, and to study on the Masters programmes are usually due mid-February.

## Literature

* André-Jean Arnaud, Inaugural Speech: Legal Culture and Everyday Life, Vitoria, \[Oñati Proceedings, vol.1\], 1989, p. 41-48.
* Pierre Guibentif (ed.) Oñati IISL-IISJ. 1989-2000: Introduction to the Institute and Report about its Activities. Oñati: IISL 2000.
* Oñati International Series in the Sociology of Law (Richard Hart Publishers, Oxford)
* Collección Oñati: Derecho y Sociedad (Dykinson: Madrid)

43°02′02″N 2°24′55″W / 43.03379°N 2.41539°W / 43.03379; -2.41539


title: Ori Dagan

abstract: Ori Dagan is a jazz singer-songwriter based in Toronto, Canada. He has released four studio albums, including "Click Right Here" (2022), which marked his European debut at the Skopje Summer Festival in Macedonia. The album received positive reviews for its blend of contemporary lyrics and traditional jazz instrumentation. Additionally, Dagan's collaboration with rapper Erik Flow on the song "Viruses" earned him the Grand Prize from the Great American Song Contest. Over the years, Dagan has released a total of eighteen music videos, including twelve videos accompanying Nathaniel: A Tribute to Nat King Cole, as well as "Googleable" (2012), "Bad Romance" (2012), and "Clap on the 2 and the 4" (2016). Dagan has showcased his talents at various festivals and events worldwide, such as SXSW, TD Toronto Jazz Festival, Canadian Music Week, Jazz Sudbury Festival and TanJazz.

text:
# Ori Dagan

**Ori Dagan** (born June 8, 1981) is a jazz singer-songwriter based in Toronto, Canada. He has released four studio albums, including "Click Right Here" (2022), which marked his European debut at the Skopje Summer Festival in Macedonia. The album received positive reviews for its blend of contemporary lyrics and traditional jazz instrumentation. Additionally, Dagan's collaboration with rapper Erik Flow on the song "Viruses" earned him the Grand Prize from the Great American Song Contest. Over the years, Dagan has released a total of eighteen music videos, including twelve videos accompanying *Nathaniel: A Tribute to Nat King Cole,* as well as "Googleable" (2012), "Bad Romance" (2012), and "Clap on the 2 and the 4" (2016). Dagan has showcased his talents at various festivals and events worldwide, such as SXSW, TD Toronto Jazz Festival, Canadian Music Week, Jazz Sudbury Festival and TanJazz.

## Early life

Born in Haifa, Israel, Dagan grew up playing classical piano. He moved to Toronto with his family at the age of eight. When he gave up classical piano at age sixteen, Dagan turned to writing poetry before Ella Fitzgerald’s scat solos inspired him to pursue jazz. He began his singing career by performing at jam sessions around Toronto around 2000, including sessions at The Rex Hotel, The Poor Alex Theatre and regularly at Lisa Particelli’s Girls Night Out jazz jam.

## Education

Dagan’s first mentor in jazz was saxophonist Bob Mover, with whom he spent several years studying privately. In 2002, after two years of studying English Literature at the University of Toronto, he pursued a BFA at York University, studying jazz vocals and classical voice, graduating in 2007. Dagan furthered his musical education by spending two additional years studying songwriting and performance at Humber College’s music program.

## Musical collaborations

Dagan’s debut album, *S’Cat Got My Tongue,* showcased the talent of 15 musicians, including duets with Toronto-based vocalists Heather Bambrick, Terra Hazelton, Julie Michels, and Sophia Perlman. His sophomore album, *Less Than Three \<3,* featured guest appearances by multi-instrumentalist Jane Bunnett and the Eric St-Laurent Trio. *Nathaniel: A Tribute to Nat King Cole* features Bunnett, as well as duets with Alex Pangman and Sheila Jordan. Dagan collaborated with JUNO-winning Canadian Dance Vocalist Simone Denny to record a jazz rendition of The Buggles' classic, "Video Killed the Radio Star", which serves as a bonus track on his 2022 album *Click Right Here*.

## Discography

### Album

* *S'Cat Got My Tongue* (ScatCat Records, 2009)
* *Less Than Three \<3* (ScatCat Records, 2012)
* *Nathaniel: A Tribute to Nat King Cole* (ScatCat Records, 2017)
* *Click Right Here* (ScatCat Records, 2022)

### Singles

* "The Christmas Song" (duet with Renee Yoxon) (Scatcat Records, 2015)
* "Clap on the Two and the Four" (ScatCat Records, 2016)
* "Video Killed the Radio Star" (with Simone Denny) (ScatCat Records, 2021)

### Awards

* 2010- CBC Radio 1\- Canada's Next Top Crooner
* 2013- NOW Magazine Readers' Poll- Best Male Vocalist
* 2013- Australian Independent Music Video Awards- Best Independent Music Video for "Googleable"
* 2013- Australian Independent Music Video Awards- Best Independent Music Video – Jazz for "Googleable"
* 2014- NOW Magazine Readers' Poll- Best Male Vocalist- Runner-Up
* 2015- Toronto Independent Music Awards- Best Jazz Vocals
* 2015- Hollywood Songwriting Contest- Best Children's Song for "Clap on the 2 and the 4"
* 2016- New York City Jazz Film Festival- Best Educational Jazz Short for "Clap on the 2 and the 4"
* 2016- Polish International Film Festival- Best Jazz Song for "Clap on the 2 and the 4"
* 2016- Global Music Awards- Best Male Vocalist for "Clap on the 2 and the 4"- Bronze Medal winner
* 2017- Global Music Awards- Best Album for *Nathaniel: A Tribute to Nat King Cole*\- Silver Medal winner
* 2017- Open World Toronto Film Festival- Best Music Video for "Sting of the Cactus"
* 2017- Nevada Film Festival- Platinum Reel Award for "Sting of the Cactus"
* 2018- The American Songwriting Award- Best Jazz Song for " Sweetheart"
* 2018- LA Music Video Awards- Best Animation Music Video for " Sting of the Cactus"
* 2018- Rincón International Film Festival- Best Music Video for "Sting of the Cactus"
* 2018- Honolulu Film Awards- Silver Lei for Music Video for "Sting of the Cactus"
* 2018- South Georgian Bay Film Festival- Silver Award Best Music Video for "Sting of the Cactus"
* 2018- WorldFest-Houston International Film & Video Festival- Silver Remi Award for Best Jazz Music Video for "Sting of the Cactus
* 2018- Canadian Diversity Film Festival- Best Music Video for "Sweetheart"
* 2018- Colorado International Activism Film Festival- Best Actor/Singer for a Non-Animated Short/Music Video for "Complexion"
* 2021- NOW Magazine Readers Best Local Artist Or Group
* 2022- The Great American Song Contest Winner "Best Special Category Music"

## InfoBox

| Ori Dagan | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1981-06-08) 8 June 1981<br>Haifa, Israel |
| Genres | Jazz, Singer Songwriter |
| Occupation | Singer Songwriter |
| Years active | 2000-Present |
|  | |
| Website | https://www.oridagan.com/ |


title: Raja Rampal Singh

abstract: Raja Rampal Singh was a ruler of Kalakankar estate of Oudh from 1885 to 1909. Rampal Singh was a Congress sympathizer. He was one of the founding member of Indian National Congress Party. In consequence, Mahatma Gandhi and other congress leader used to visit him quite frequently. Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya had very intimate relations with Raja of Kalakankar. The Raja Saheb of Kalakankar had started a Hindi weekly, Hindusthan, in 1883 to spread the message of freedom. His father Lal Pratap Singh, was a revolutionary during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and was killed in the Battle of Chanda.

text:
# Raja Rampal Singh

**Raja Rampal Singh** (22 August 1849 – 28 February 1909) was a ruler of Kalakankar estate of Oudh (Now in Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh) from 1885 to 1909. Rampal Singh was a Congress sympathizer. He was one of the founding member of Indian National Congress Party. In consequence, Mahatma Gandhi and other congress leader used to visit him quite frequently. Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya had very intimate relations with Raja of Kalakankar. The Raja Saheb of Kalakankar had started a Hindi weekly, Hindusthan, in 1883 to spread the message of freedom.

His father Lal Pratap Singh, was a revolutionary during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and was killed in the Battle of Chanda.

## Publication of Hindosthan

The Hindusthan was started by Raja Rampal Singh of Kalakankar. Even though, from the point of view of communications, this place was hardly suitable for publishing a newspaper, the Raja was fond of it and had it connected telegraphically. The only son of his father, Rampal Singh was ambitious. He learnt Hindi, English and Sanskrit, and became an honorary magistrate at the age of eighteen. He went to the United Kingdom, along with his wife. After two years she died and he came back to India with an English wife. He again returned to Britain. In August 1883, he started the monthly Hindosthan from the UK. This was in English and Hindi. Its Urdu edition was also brought out for some time. Later, it became a weekly. The articles in Hindi and Urdu were the Raja's own, those in English of Mr. George Temple's. He returned to Kalakankar in 1885, and started the country's first Hindi daily newspaper Hindosthan.

Hindosthan Published by Raja Rampal Singh and was edited by none other than the founder of the Benaras Hindu University, Madanmohan Malviya. Malviya joined work on two conditions: Raja would never meet him in an inebriated state and would not influence the newspaper’s editorial policy.

## Personal life

Raja Rampal Singh married firstly, to Rani Subhag Kunwar, who died about 1871 in London, and married secondly, Princess Alice (an English lady). He married thirdly, Rani Radha (a Muslim).

## Other

He was president of Akhil Bharatiya Kshatriya Mahasabha for year 1899. In 1905, Sir Chhotu Ram worked as the assistant Private Secretary to Raja Rampal Singh.

## InfoBox

| Raja Rampal Singh | |
| --- | --- |
| *Raja of Kalakankar* | |
|  | |
| Reign | 1885–1909 |
| Predecessor | Raja Hanwant Singh |
| Successor | Raja Ramesh Singh |
| Born | (1849-08-22)22 August 1849
Rampur Dharupur, Kalakankar, Oudh, British India |
| Died | (1909-02-28)28 February 1909 |
| Spouse | Subhag Kunwar
Princess Alice (an English lady)
Rani Radha (a muslim girl) |
| Issue | Ramesh Singh |
| Names  Raja Sir Rampal Singh of Kalakankar | |
| Father | Lal Pratap Singh |
| Mother | Princess Diggach Kunwari |
| Religion | Hinduism |


title: The Naturals (book series)

abstract: The Naturals is a series of young adult novels by Jennifer Lynn Barnes. Beginning with 2013's initial novel of the same name, the series follows the life of Cassie Hobbes, a 17-year-old girl who is contacted by the FBI to join a special program. The other members consist of Dean Redding (profiler), Lia Zhang, Michael Townsend, and Sloane Tavish. Each one of them has a traumatic past, it's how they learned to have a certain skill used to help the FBI. The initial book was followed by Killer Instinct, published in 2014. The third book, All In, came out in 2015, and the fourth and final book, Bad Blood, was published in 2016. A novella, titled Twelve, was published in 2017.

text:
# The Naturals (book series)

***The Naturals*** is a series of young adult novels by Jennifer Lynn Barnes. Beginning with 2013's initial novel of the same name, the series follows the life of Cassie Hobbes, a 17-year-old girl who is contacted by the FBI to join a special program. The other members consist of Dean Redding (profiler), Lia Zhang (human lie detector), Michael Townsend (emotion reader), and Sloane Tavish (human dictionary). Each one of them has a traumatic past, it's how they learned to have a certain skill used to help the FBI.

The initial book was followed by *Killer Instinct*, published in 2014. The third book, *All In*, came out in 2015, and the fourth and final book, *Bad Blood*, was published in 2016. A novella, titled *Twelve*, was published in 2017.

## Books

| No. | Title | Date | Pages | ISBN |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | | | |
|
| 1 | *The Naturals* | November 5, 2013 | 320 | 978-1423-16823-2 |
| 2 | *Killer Instinct* | November 4, 2014 | 384 | 978-1-423-16832-4 |
| 3 | *All In* | November 3, 2015 | 384 | 978-1-484-71643-4 |
| 4 | *Bad Blood* | November 1, 2016 | 384 | 978-1-484-75854-0 |
| 5 | *Twelve* | November 7, 2017 | 100 | 978-1-368-02130-2 |

## Reception

Alex Winters of *The State Journal-Register* praised the series and said, "If you enjoy suspenseful crime thrillers and whodunnits with a dash of teen melodrama, then this is the book series for you." *The New York Times* best-selling author Ally Carter said the series was "a must-read for anyone who likes books about real teens who have no superpowers and yet aren’t quite typical either." Reviewing the first novel, *Kirkus Reviews* wrote:

> This savvy thriller grabs readers right away. Cassie’s outsider feelings are convincing and give credence to her actions throughout the story. There is enough violence, grisly description, and plot surprises to keep crime-show devotees reading. Unanswered questions will have those readers on tenterhooks for the next in the series.

Also reviewing the first novel, *Publishers Weekly* lauded the writing by Jennifer Lynn Barnes, stating that "Barnes shows every card at just the right moment, catching readers off-guard at the final reveal. It’s a stay-up-late-to-finish kind of book, and it doesn’t disappoint."

Kristi Elle Jemtegaard, from *Booklist*, wrote in her review for the initial book that "Nevertheless, teens looking for a fast-paced heart-stopper may find the pace slow at first, but then the thrills and chills kick in—only to leave listeners hanging, as this is the initial volume of a projected series."

## Accolades

Accolades for The Naturals
| Book | Year | Award | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *The Naturals* | 2017 | Lincoln Award | Nominee |  |
| | | Missouri Gateway Readers Award | Nominee |  |
| | 2014 | YALSA's Best Fiction for Young Adults | Selection |  |

## InfoBox

The Naturals
| Book covers from the four main novels. | |
| --- | --- |
| --- | |
| Author | Jennifer Lynn Barnes |
| Cover artist | Abby Kuperstock |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Young adult fiction
Crime fiction
Mystery
Romance |
| Publisher | Hachette Books |
| Published | November 5, 2013 - November 7, 2017 |
| Media type | Print |
| No. of books | 5 |
| Website | Official website |


abstract: The Police and Firemen's Insurance Association is a mutual benefit association for policemen and firemen.

text:
# Police and Firemen's Insurance Association

The **Police and Firemen's Insurance Association** is a mutual benefit association for policemen and firemen.

## History

In 1912 a series of catastrophes effected the Indianapolis Police Department and the Indianapolis Fire Department, resulting in a large number of casualties and destitute families in both departments areas. The Police and Firemen's Insurance Association was founded in 1913 to provide immediate relief to the affected families and was originally intended to be a local concern.

However, the organization quickly spread to other police and fire departments around the country.

## Organization and membership

Local groups are known as "Section"; they are required to meet at least once a month and have a Relief Committee. The national convention or "Supreme Legislative Body" meets quadrennially.

In 1967 the PFIA had 38,000 members. By 1979 this had declined to 14,000 in 39 states and the District of Columbia, though it still claimed to be the largest organization in the world whose membership was limited to police and firemen.


title: Ider High School (Alabama)

abstract: Ider High School is a Pre-K–12 school located in Ider, Alabama, United States. It is part of the DeKalb County School System.

text:
# Ider High School (Alabama)

34°42′33.26″N 85°40′16.12″W / 34.7092389°N 85.6711444°W / 34.7092389; -85.6711444

**Ider High School** is a Pre-K–12 school located in Ider, Alabama, United States. It is part of the DeKalb County School System.

## History

The **Morona School** was the first school located in Ider, AL. This school was a log cabin constructed in 1890. In the school's first year it had and enrollment of 22 students. In 1907 construction of a new two-story structure began. At that time the school was renamed **Ider School**.

Due to increasing demand from the community, a new school building was constructed in 1932. This school was sometimes referred to as the **Rock School** because the building was constructed out of stone. By 1939, Ider School was accredited and offered its students twelve grades of education. In 1950, a separate building was constructed to house the elementary students.

## Athletics

Ider High School has a number of athletic programs, segregated by gender. There are boys' football, baseball, and basketball teams along with girls' volleyball, softball, and basketball teams. Ider also has a marching band and a cheerleading squad.

The Ider High School mascot is a hornet and the school colors are black and gold.

Ider is known for a strong cheerleading program. In 1997, 1999, and 2001 the Ider High School cheerleading team won the World Cheerleading Association's Small Varsity Division National Championship. In 2001 the team was also COA Regional Champions, Cheersport Regional Champions, and 2A state Champions. The 2001 squad included Amanda Todd, LaWanda Moore, Katie Mann, Danielle Tinker, LaKeesha Abbott, Jessica Moore, Mechella Wicks, and Kayla Moon. In 2005 and 2006 they were COA National Champions. In 2007 the varsity cheerleaders won the 2A state championship.

Additionally, the softball team won the Alabama High School Athletic Association Class 2A state championship in 2006, 2008, and 2009. Pitcher Hillary Phillips, who played for the Hornets from 2004-09, was a part of all three championship teams. Because Alabama is one of only six states (alongside Arkansas, Delaware, Kentucky, Mississippi, and North Dakota) that allow seventh-and eighth-graders to play varsity sports, Phillips set the national record for career strikeouts, fanning 2,463 batters in her career.

## Student organizations

## InfoBox

| Ider High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 1064 Crabapple Lane
Ider, Alabama 35981
United States | |
| Information | |
| Type | Pre-K-12 |
| Motto | Go Hornets! |
| Established | 1907 (1907) |
| CEEB code | 011505 |
| Principal | Tyler Brooks |
| Staff | 44.0 (FTE) |
| Number of students | 645 (2020–21) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 14.7 |
| Color(s) | Black and gold |
| Mascot | Hornets |
| Website | iderhighschool.ss18.sharpschool.com |


title: New Bridge Landing station

abstract: New Bridge Landing, signed as New Bridge Landing at River Edge, is an active commuter railroad station in the borough of River Edge, Bergen County, New Jersey. Located at the junction of Kinderkamack Road and Grand Avenue and next to Route 4, the station is serviced by Pascack Valley Line trains running between Hoboken Terminal in Hoboken and Spring Valley station in the eponymous village in Rockland County, New York. The next station to the north is the eponymous River Edge and the next station to the south is Anderson Street in Hackensack. The station contains a single low-level side platform on the southbound side of the track, resulting in the station not being accessible for handicapped persons per the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Railroad service in the area began on March 4, 1870, when the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad opened from the terminal in Hackensack to a new station in Hillsdale. At the time of opening, the station was known as Cherry Hill. In 1895, the name was changed to North Hackensack, a name it would retain until April 2009, when it was changed to New Bridge Landing, in reference to the former hamlet. The station depot at then-North Hackensack, built by the Erie Railroad, came down in 1978.

text:
# New Bridge Landing station

**New Bridge Landing**, signed as **New Bridge Landing at River Edge**, is an active commuter railroad station in the borough of River Edge, Bergen County, New Jersey. Located at the junction of Kinderkamack Road (County Route 503) and Grand Avenue (County Route S-49) and next to Route 4, the station is serviced by Pascack Valley Line trains running between Hoboken Terminal in Hoboken and Spring Valley station in the eponymous village in Rockland County, New York. The next station to the north is the eponymous River Edge and the next station to the south is Anderson Street in Hackensack. The station contains a single low-level side platform on the southbound side of the track, resulting in the station not being accessible for handicapped persons per the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

Railroad service in the area began on March 4, 1870, when the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad opened from the terminal in Hackensack to a new station in Hillsdale. At the time of opening, the station was known as **Cherry Hill**. In 1895, the name was changed to **North Hackensack**, a name it would retain until April 2009, when it was changed to New Bridge Landing, in reference to the former hamlet. The station depot at then-North Hackensack, built by the Erie Railroad, came down in 1978.

## History

The station was built in 1870, as part of the northern extension of the New Jersey and New York Railroad from Hackensack's station at Essex Street. The station depot was demolished in 1978 and replaced by a shelter.

The station is named for the nearby tide mill hamlet New Bridge Landing, where George Washington and Thomas Paine crossed the narrows of the Hackensack River in his retreat after the loss of Fort Washington during the New York and New Jersey campaign in 1776.

Due to increased ridership from bi-directional operation, an additional 143 parking spaces were added to a permit only parking lot on August 13, 2008, bringing the total number of spaces at the station to 291.

During December 2022, the station along with the Anderson Street stop in Hackensack were awarded $18 million to make the stations more accessible. The grants will fully modernize the stations, and make them more accessible. They will also add ADA compliant ramps.

## Station layout

This station has one track one low-level side platform. Bicycle parking is available at the station. The station has a 291-space parking lot, which is operated by ParkAmerica.

## InfoBox

| New Bridge Landing
at River Edge | |
| --- | --- |
| The station at New Bridge Landing in May 2014. The former northbound platform is visible on the right side of the tracks. | |
| General information | |
| Location | Kinderkamack Road (CR 503) and Grand Avenue (CR S-49), River Edge, New Jersey 07661 |
| Coordinates | 40°54′40″N 74°02′09″W / 40.9112°N 74.035969°W / 40.9112; -74.035969 |
| Owned by | NJ Transit |
| Platforms | 1 side platform |
| Tracks | 1 |
| Connections | **NJT Bus**: 165 and 762
**Rockland Coaches**: 11 |
| Construction | |
| Parking | Yes (permit & daily) |
| Bicycle facilities | Yes |
| Other information | |
| Station code | 777 (Erie Railroad) |
| Fare zone | 6 |
| History | |
| Opened | March 4, 1870 (March 4, 1870) |
| Rebuilt | 1896 (1896) |
| Previous names | Cherry Hill (18701895)
North Hackensack (18962009) |
| Key dates | |
| 1978 | Station building demolished |
| Passengers | |
|  | |
| 2018 | 536 (average weekday) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  NJ Transit Following station  River Edgetoward Spring Valley  Pascack Valley Line  Anderson Streettoward Hoboken  Fairmount Avenue(closed 1983)toward Hoboken | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Former services   Preceding station Erie Railroad Following station  River Edgetoward Haverstraw  New Jersey and New York Railroad  Fairmount Avenuetoward Jersey City | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | |


title: United Cellars

abstract: United Cellars is an independent wine and spirits merchant located in Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. The company retails wines and spirits from Australia, New Zealand, Europe, and the Americas, including En Primeur wine futures from Bordeaux and Burgundy, France. United Cellars also has a wine advisory service.

text:
# United Cellars

**United Cellars** is an independent wine and spirits merchant located in Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. The company retails wines and spirits from Australia, New Zealand, Europe, and the Americas, including En Primeur wine futures from Bordeaux and Burgundy, France. United Cellars also has a wine advisory service.

## History

United Cellars was established in 2004 by Anthony Ghattas as part of the United Lifestyle Group (ULG). The United Lifestyle Group has three divisions: United Cellars Australia and United Cellars New Zealand, United Galleries, and United Networks.

## Markets

United Cellars has offices in Sydney and Auckland, and in late 2012 opened an office in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The company primarily sells in the Australian and New Zealand markets. It has bonded storage facilities in Bordeaux, France. It also offers local wine storage options to its Australian and New Zealand customers. The company also hosts wine events in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Auckland, Wellington, and Hong Kong.

## InfoBox

United Cellars
| Type | Private |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Wine & Spirits Merchant |
| Founded | 2004 |
| Founder | Anthony Ghattas |
| Headquarters | Sydney, Australia |
| Products | Wine, spirits |
| Services | Wine storage, events and advisory service |
| Website(s) | unitedcellars.com.au, unitedcellars.co.nz |


title: Vilmány

abstract: Vilmány is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County in northeastern Hungary.

text:
# Vilmány

**Vilmány** is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County in northeastern Hungary.

48°25′N 21°14′E / 48.417°N 21.233°E / 48.417; 21.233

## InfoBox

| Vilmány | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Vilmány légifotó | |
| Country | Hungary |
| Regions | Northern Hungary |
| County | Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |