title: George Cleghorn

abstract: George Cleghorn was a prominent nineteenth-century physician and surgeon in New Zealand. He was a progressive doctor who kept abreast of the latest advances in Europe, Britain and the United States and introduced new procedures and techniques into the mainstream of New Zealand medical practice. He served as president of the New Zealand Medical Association in 1897.

text:
# George Cleghorn

**George Cleghorn** (1 September 185011 June 1902) was a prominent nineteenth-century physician and surgeon in New Zealand. He was a progressive doctor who kept abreast of the latest advances in Europe, Britain and the United States and introduced new procedures and techniques into the mainstream of New Zealand medical practice. He served as president of the New Zealand Medical Association in 1897.

## Early life

George Cleghorn was born in Calcutta, India on 1 September 1850, the son of James, a harbour pilot, and Susan Cleghorn. He was educated in England at Bedford Modern School. He studied medicine and surgery at St Thomas's Hospital, London, qualifying as MRCS and LSA in 1872. He was also subsequently awarded the degree of MD by the University of Durham in 1891.

In 1876, Cleghorn was appointed surgeon-superintendent of the New Zealand Immigration Department. His ship, however, was wrecked in a storm in the Bay of Biscay. After returning to England and enlisting as ship's doctor on the *Brodwick Castle* he finally arrived in Auckland at the end of the year. By 1878 he was established in private practice and as a surgeon at the newly opened Wairau Hospital in Blenheim.

## Career and reputation

At Wairau he introduced the sterilization of surgical equipment in line with the discoveries of Louis Pasteur and Joseph Lister, and performed advance and complicated abdominal operations, including the first recorded appendicectomy in New Zealand. He also carried out a two stage laparotomy on John Ballance, the Prime Minister of New Zealand, who was mortally ill with chronic bowel obstruction. Although the operation was initially proclaimed as a success, Ballance subsequently died from peritonitis.

He also introduced an isolated fever ward at Wairau, in defiance of the initial opposition of the hospital's governors, which was used during an outbreak of typhoid in 1899. He carried out research in neurosurgery and into the presence of uric acid in the body as the cause of disease and followed the investigations of William B. Coley into immunology as a treatment for Cancer. He also sought for improvements in the welfare and treatment of mentally ill patients.

Cleghorn was also known as a kind and benevolent man. Despite being one of the leading doctors in the Colony, he was always prepared to offer his skills and knowledge free of charge to those unable to pay. He was also active in the wider community and helped to establish the Marlborough Cricket Association and Football Club and contributed to the construction of a gymnasium and swimming-baths in the town of Blenheim. A keen sportsman himself, he owned and trained a number of racehorses.

In 1896 the New Zealand Medical Association was reconstituted as a branch of the British Medical Association and Cleghorn served as President for one year in 1897-8.

## Later career

In 1900 Cleghorn was suffering from chronic kidney disease and high blood pressure, and he decided to close his General Practice and return to England for a spell of recuperation and further medical research. On his departure he was presented with a gift of 300 gold sovereigns from the people of Marlborough. He also received a traditional cloak from the local Maori people which was subsequently presented to the Pitt Rivers Museum in the University of Oxford in 1913. According to the Wanganui Herald: 'The peer of the rich, the friend of the poor, he was as kind as he was skilful, and on the day of his departure from Blenheim he deservedly received the most flattering send-off ever accorded to anyone by the people of Marlborough'.

In 1901 he returned to New Zealand and established a consultancy in Wanganui. He died on 11 June 1902 from a brain haemorrhage. A memorial band rotunda, paid for by public subscription, was erected in the centre of Blenheim in his honour.

## Family

George Cleghorn was married three times. Firstly in 1877 to Harriet Mossop who died in 1881. In 1886, he married Annie Browning; they had one daughter but Annie died during her birth. In 1888 he married Annie's sister Helen and they had two children.

## InfoBox

| George Cleghorn | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1850-09-01)1 September 1850
Calcutta, India |
| Died | 11 June 1902(1902-06-11) (aged 51)
Wanganui, New Zealand |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation(s) | Physician and surgeon |


title: Nampcel

abstract: Nampcel is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.

text:
# Nampcel

**Nampcel** (French pronunciation: \[nɑ̃sɛl\]) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.

## InfoBox

| Nampcel | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall in Nampcel | |
| Location of Nampcel | |
| NampcelNampcel | |
| Coordinates: 49°29′11″N 3°05′59″E / 49.4864°N 3.0997°E / 49.4864; 3.0997 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Oise |
| Arrondissement | Compiègne |
| Canton | Compiègne-1 |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Anne-Marie Defrance |
| Area**1** | 16.69 km2 (6.44 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 304 |
| Density | 18/km2 (47/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 60445 /60400 |
| Elevation | 73–166 m (240–545 ft)
(avg. 97 m or 318 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Huang Yiliang

abstract: Huang Yiliang is a Singaporean businessman and former actor and director. He was a full-time Mediacorp artiste from 1985 to 2006, after which he decided not to renew after his contract ended. Since leaving showbiz in 2006, Huang has been running a plumbing business.

text:
# Huang Yiliang

**Huang Yiliang** (born **Ng Aik Leong**; 4 July 1961) is a Singaporean businessman and former actor and director. He was a full-time Mediacorp artiste from 1985 to 2006, after which he decided not to renew after his contract ended. Since leaving showbiz in 2006, Huang has been running a plumbing business.

## Career

Huang started as an actor with Mediacorp. He won the *Best Supporting Actor* Star Awards three times and Top 10 Most Popular Male Artistes during his 20-year career there. Huang left the entertainment industry in 2006.

Huang felt that it was time to move on to a different challenge after having acted for the past 20 years and started his own movie producing company Red Group Film and became a movie producer, a film-director and a movie actor.

Huang's first production, *Autumn In March (2009)* (S$1 million budget), was originally scheduled for big screen but was later downgraded to just DVD-release after failing to get the support of the local movie distributors. However, it did receive overwhelming support from aspiring actresses as more than 300 girls came over for the leading actress audition in Singapore.

On 30 August 2012, Huang released his second movie production, *My Ghost Partner*, which had a gross box office collection of S$24,833.

## Personal life

### Relationships

Huang married Singaporean actress Lin Meijiao in 1991 and had a daughter Chantalle Ng in 1995. They divorced in 1997 with Lin retaining custody of their daughter.

After Huang's divorce in 1997, he remarried and had a son with his second wife.

On 30 November 2020, Huang appeared in a court trial and was accused of attacking a Bangladeshi worker, Jahidul, with a metal scraper at the Singapore Islamic Hub in December 2018, having been charged on 29 November the previous year. The worker was an employee of HYL Enterprises, a plumbing company which was owned by Huang. During the trial, audio recordings revealed that Huang had frequent angry, verbal outbursts against Jahidul, causing the worker to live in fear while working for Huang. On 11 December 2018, Huang then had another violent outburst against Jahidul for not using enough string to tie a plastic bag over a rubbish pail, which eventually led to his attack on Jahidul with a metal scraper. In court, he claimed that he established an agreement with Jahidul to allow him to hit the worker "to help (him) improve at work", and that the assault was merely play-acting. However, the prosecutor dismissed the explanation as "ridiculous" and issued Huang a warning against contempt of court. On 22 January 2021, Huang was convicted of "voluntarily causing hurt by a dangerous weapon" to Jahidul and is awaiting sentencing. On 26 February 2021, the court found him guilty and he was sentenced to 10 months imprisonment. Huang filed an appeal to lower the sentence, but it was dismissed on 4 February 2022 and he began serving his sentence immediately.

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1994 | The Blazing Trail (兰桂坊血案) |  | Telemovie |  |
| | *Love Dowry* (爱情订金) | Chen Yaoxing | Telemovie |  |
| 1996 | *Legend of Da Bo Gong* (大伯公传奇) | Da Bo Gong / Shi Ji | Telemovie |  |
| | *Ace Cops* (妙警点38) | Wu Xifa | Telemovie |  |
| 1997 | *The Gods Must Be Rich* (财神到) | Da Bo Gong | Telemovie |  |
| 2006 | *I Not Stupid Too* | Mr. Lim |  |  |
| 2008 | *12 Lotus* | Lianhua's father |  |  |
|
| 2009 | *Autumn in March* | Director |  |  |
| 2012 | *My Ghost Partner* |  |  |  |

### Television series

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1986 | *The Happy Trio* 青春123 |  | Cameo |  |
| | *Under One Roof* 家和万事兴 | David |  |  |
| | *Crossroads* 红绿灯 之《绿影》 | A-Xiong 阿雄 |  |  |
| | *The Bond* 天涯同命鸟 | He Xiao Nan 贺笑南 |  |  |
| 1987 | *Paint a Rainbow* 调色板 | Lu Heng 陆恒 |  |  |
| | *Painted Faces* 戏班 | Qian Tian Ding 钱添丁 |  |  |
| | *I Do* 君子好逑 | Zhong Duo Gen 钟多根 |  |  |
| 1988 | *Heiress* 世纪情 | Ding Zhuang Fei 丁壮飞 |  |  |
| | *On the Fringe* | Lin Zhen Yu 林振宇 |  |  |
| | *The Golden Quest* 金麒麟 | Xu Yu Lang 许玉郎 |  |  |
| | *Mystery* 迷离夜 之《魂》 | Wen Xue Pin 温学品 |  |  |
| | *Strange Encounter 2* 奇缘2 之《怨偶天成》 | Qin Da Cheng /Cao Shi An 秦大诚 / 曹石安 |  |  |
| 1989 | *The Fortune Hunters* 钻石人生 | Ding Wen Qiang 丁文强 |  |  |
| | *The Sword Rules* 剑断江湖 | Yu Xiao Qiang 于小强 |  |  |
| | *My Daughters' Three* 芳华满一家 | Huang Zhi Ming 黄志明 |  |  |
| 1990 | *By My Side* 逆风天使 | Xie Tian Ci 谢天赐 |  |  |
| 1991 | *Behind Bars* 铁狱雷霆 | Ke Tai Long 柯太龙 |  |  |
| | *The Other Woman* 醋劲100 | Dr. Zhang 张医生 |  |  |
| 1992 | *The Dating Game* 爱情乒乓球 | Li Fei Yang 李飞扬 |  |  |
| | *Terms of Endearment* 戏剧人生 | Song Wen Le 宋文乐 |  |  |
| 1993 | *Smouldering Heat* 赤道谜情 | Lv Jia Le 吕家乐 |  |  |
| | *Battle of Justice* 人海孤鸿 | Ding Tai Shan 丁泰山 |  |  |
| | *The Wilful Siblings* 斗气姐妹 | Bai Zhi Hua (Patrick) 白之华 |  |  |
| 1994 | *Bond of Love* 情网 | Wang Shang Hua 王上华 |  |  |
| | *The Young Ones* 壮志骄阳 | Lin Zhi Wei 林志伟 |  |  |
| 1995 | *Neighbourhood Heroes* 大英雄小人物 | Chen Tian Cheng 陈天成 |  |  |
| | *Deep Within My Heart* 爱在心处 | Chen Zhong 陈忠 |  |  |
| | *It's My World* 还我半边天 | Zhou Jian Cheng 周健成 |  |  |
| | *Lady Investigators* 女探三人组 | Lin A-Wen 林阿文 |  |  |
| 1996 | *Beyond Dawn* 女子监狱 | Liang Wei Min 梁伟民 |  |  |
| | *Tales of the Third Kind 2* 第三类剧场2 之《幻海奇男》 | Xia He Tian 夏赫天 |  |  |
| | *Mirror of Life* 实况剧场 之《三水红头巾》 | Lin Guo Qiang 林国强 |  |  |
| | *Brave New World* 新阿郎 | Gao Hong Fei 高鸿飞 |  |  |
| 1997 | *My Wife, Your Wife, Their Wives* 101老婆 之《问你爱妻有多深》 | Luo Wen 罗文 |  |  |
| | *Love in a Foreign City* 富贵双城 | Chen Zhi Qiang 陈志强 |  |  |
| | *Tuition Fever* 老师总是比我早 | Kong Xiao Long 孔小龙 |  |  |
| | *Immortal Love* 不老传说 | Liang Zhong Huan/Liang Ji Guang
梁仲欢\梁继光 |  |  |
| 2001 | *My Genie* 我爱精灵 | 54088 I Am Your Father 我是你爸爸 |  |  |
| 2002 | *The Vagrant* | Huang Jinlang |  |  |
| | *Kopi-O II* 浓浓咖啡乌 | Wen Juan 文隽 |  |  |
| | *My Genie* 我爱精灵 | 54088 I Am Your Father 我是你爸爸 |  |  |
| | *The Unbeatables 3* 双天至尊III | Huang Yun Jiu 黄云九 |  |  |
| 2003 | *A Child's Hope* | Ding Cheng |  |  |
| | *Holland V* | Tian Dahua |  |  |
| | *Home In Toa Payoh* | Yuan Guocheng |  |  |
| | *My Genie II* 我爱精灵 II | 54088 I Am Your Father 我是你爸爸 |  |  |
| 2004 | *When the Time Comes* 一线之间 | Wang Wen Hao 王文豪 |  |  |
| | *Double Happiness I* | Lin Xue Zhi 林学智 |  |  |
| | | *Double Happiness II* 喜临门 II |  |  |
| 2005 | *Beyond The Axis of Truth II* | Wu Chengyu |  |  |
| 2006 | *Women of Times* | Kuang Qicai |  |  |
| 2007 | *My Dear Kins* 亲本家人 | Zhang Yi Lai 张一来 |  |  |
| | *The Greatest Love of All* | Li Yingxiong |  |  |
| | *Metamorphosis* | Red Hair Pig / Caucasian Pig 红毛猪 | Cameo |  |
| | *The Golden Path* | Su Ma |  |  |
| 2009 | *Prelude of Lotus Lantern* | Juan Lian Jiang Jun / Sha Seng |  |  |
| 2014 | *The Mekong River* 湄公河大案 | Ruo Ai |  |  |

## Accolades

| Star Awards – Acting Awards | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Ceremony | Category | Nominated work | Result |
| **1996** | 3rd Star Awards Ceremony | Best Actor | *Ace Cops*
(as Wu Xifa) | Nominated |
| **1997** | 4th Star Awards Ceremony | Best Supporting Actor | *Brave New World*
(as Gao Hongfei) | Nominated |
| | 4th Star Awards Ceremony | Top 10 Most Popular Male Artistes |  | Top 20 |
| **2001** | 9th Star Awards Ceremony | Best Comedy Performer | *My Genie* | Nominated |
| | 9th Star Awards Ceremony | Top 10 Most Popular Male Artistes |  | Top 20 |
| **2002** | 10th Star Awards Ceremony | Best Supporting Actor | *The Vagrant*
(as Huang Jinliang) | Won |
| **2003** | 11th Star Awards Ceremony | Best Supporting Actor | *Holland V*
(as Tian Dahua) | Won |
| | 11th Star Awards Ceremony | Best Comedy Performer | *My Genie II* | Nominated |
| **2004** | 12th Star Awards Ceremony | Top 10 Most Popular Male Artistes |  | Top 20 |
| **2006** | 14th Star Awards Ceremony | Best Supporting Actor | *Women of Times*
(as Kuang Qicai) | Won |
|

## InfoBox

| Huang Yiliang | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Ng Aik Leong
(1961-07-04) 4 July 1961
Singapore |
| Nationality | Singaporean |
| Occupations | * Businessman * actor * producer * director * insurance agent |
| Years active | 1985–present |
| Spouse | Lin Meijiao  (m. 1991; div. 1997) |
| Children | 2, including Chantalle Ng |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Traditional Chinese | 黄奕良 |
| Simplified Chinese | 黄奕良 |
|
| Hanyu Pinyin | Huáng Yìliáng |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Northwest Branch Anacostia River

abstract: Northwest Branch Anacostia River is a 21.5-mile-long (34.6 km) free-flowing stream in Montgomery County and Prince George's County, Maryland. It is a tributary of the Anacostia River, which flows to the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay.

text:
# Northwest Branch Anacostia River

**Northwest Branch Anacostia River** is a 21.5-mile-long (34.6 km) free-flowing stream in Montgomery County and Prince George's County, Maryland. It is a tributary of the Anacostia River, which flows to the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay.

## Course

The headwaters of the Northwest Branch are located near the community of Sandy Spring. The stream flows southward for 21.5 miles (34.6 km) to its confluence with the Northeast Branch near Bladensburg to form the main stem of the Anacostia.

## Watershed

The watershed in Montgomery County includes portions of the communities of Norwood, Bel Pre Manor, Colesville, Layhill, Glenmont, Wheaton, Hillandale, White Oak, Silver Spring, Kemp Mill, Four Corners, Woodmoor and Takoma Park. The Prince George's County portion of the watershed includes Adelphi, Langley Park, University Park, Chillum, Hyattsville, Avondale and Brentwood. The total watershed area, including a small portion of land in Washington, D.C., is 53.5 square miles (139 km2), with a resident population of about 254,000.

The middle section of the Northwest Branch is referred to as the Rachel Carson Environmental Area. It flows through a small gorge underneath the Capital Beltway between Colesville Road and Adelphi Mill. Located at the north end of the Northwest Branch Trail, near the home of noted environmental author Rachel Carson, it is deliberately left rustic and unimproved.

The majority of the Northwest Branch stream valley is a riparian buffer, protected as parkland by the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission (M-NCPPC). The Rachel Carson Greenway planned by M-NCPPC will extend the Northwest Branch Trail into northern Montgomery County as an unimproved hiking trail, connecting to the Anacostia Tributary Trail System in Prince George's County.

## Geology

Northwest Branch crosses the geological fall line between the Piedmont and Atlantic coastal plain regions, which forms a small waterfall on the stream 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south of the Burnt Mills Dam parks. This area was a favorite spot of Theodore Roosevelt.

## Ecology

Several species of native anadromous fish spawn in the Northwest Branch watershed, including alewife (*Alosa pseudoharengus*) and blueback herring (*Alosa aestivalis*).

## Tributaries

The total stream channel length of Northwest Branch and all tributaries is 75 miles (121 km).

* Bachelors Forest Tributary
* Bel Pre Creek
* Bryants Nursery Tributary
* Lamberton Drive Tributary
* Lockridge Drive Tributary
* Longmeade Tributary
* Norwood Tributary
* Old Orchard Tributary
* Rolling Stone Tributary
* Sandy Spring Tributary
* Sligo Creek
* Wheaton Park Tributary

## Crossings

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Northwest Branch Anacostia River | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Map of the Anacostia River watershed showing the Northwest Branch | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maryland |
| Cities | Wheaton, Silver Spring, Hyattsville |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source |  |
| location | Sandy Spring, Maryland |
|  | |
| Mouth | Anacostia River |
| location | Bladensburg, MD |
| coordinates | 38°56′34″N 76°56′39″W / 38.942832°N 76.944036°W / 38.942832; -76.944036 |
| Length | 21.5 mi (34.6 km) |
| Basin size | 53.5 sq mi (139 km2) |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries |  |
| left | Old Orchard, Bryants Nursery, Norwood, Rolling Stone |
| right | Bachelors Forest, Longmeade, Bel Pre Creek, Wheaton Park, Lamberton Dr, Sligo Creek |


title: Hong Kong Institution of Engineers

abstract: The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers is a professional body of engineers in Hong Kong. It was founded in 1947 as the Engineering Society of Hong Kong and was incorporated by the Legislative Council of Hong Kong as The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers in 1975. The institution aims to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and ideas, train the members in new technology and practices, and to raise the standing and visibility of engineers. It has a membership of more than 30,000 under 21 different engineering disciplines.

text:
# Hong Kong Institution of Engineers

| Hong Kong Institution of Engineers | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 香港工程師學會 |
| Simplified Chinese | 香港工程师学会 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Xiānggǎng Gōngchéngshī Xuéhuì  Yue: Cantonese  Jyutping hoeng1 gong2 gung1 cing4 si1 hok6 wui6\*2 | |
|  | |

The **Hong Kong Institution of Engineers** (**HKIE**, Chinese: 香港工程師學會) is a professional body of engineers in Hong Kong. It was founded in 1947 as the *Engineering Society of Hong Kong* and was incorporated by the Legislative Council of Hong Kong as *The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers* in 1975. The institution aims to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and ideas, train the members in new technology and practices, and to raise the standing and visibility of engineers. It has a membership of more than 30,000 under 21 different engineering disciplines.

## History

### Before World War II

On 3 June 1882, *The Hong Kong Engineers' Institute* was established at Hongkong Hotel, with John Inglis as the first president. On 8 January 1891, *Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders of Hong Kong* was established at 16 Praya Central, Hong Kong, and it has replaced The Hong Kong Engineers' Institute's function.

### Post-War Period

John Finnie, president of Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders of Hong Kong between 1939 and 1940 proposed to create a new engineering society focusing on training local engineers in Hong Kong. During the World War II, Finnie was imprisoned by the Japanese Army in the civilian internment camp at Stanley where he still organised talks on engineering.

The *Engineering Society of Hong Kong* was set up in 1947, following the efforts of John Finnie. The society was established in the Lee Gardens Hotel. In 1972 the Society was amalgamated with the *Hong Kong Joint Group* of the Institutions of Civil, Mechanical and Electrical Engineers of London, and transformed into *The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers* with both learned society and qualifying functions three years later.

### Establishment of The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers

In 1975, the Legislative Council of Hong Kong passed The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers Ordinance which granted the institution statutory status.

### Milestones

**1947** \- Founding of Engineering Society of Hong Kong

**1972** \- Amalgamated with the independent Hong Kong Joint Group of the Institutions of Civil, Mechanical and Electrical Engineers of London

**1975** \- Incorporated by Law as The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers

**1982** \- Recognition of the HKIE Corporate Members by the Government for Civil Service Appointments

**1995** \- Admitted to the Washington Accord

**1997** \- 50th Anniversary of the Founding of Engineering Society of Hong Kong

**2001** \- Admitted to the Sydney Accord and the Engineers Mobility Forum (EMF)

**2003** \- Admitted to the Engineering Technologists Mobility Forum (ETMF)

**2005** \- 30th Anniversary of the HKIE Incorporation

**2007** \- 60th Anniversary of the Founding of Engineering Society of Hong Kong

**2009** \- Admitted to the Seoul Accord

## Education and Training

The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers has a system to assess the standards of engineering programme in various tertiary institutions in Hong Kong to determine whether to recognise the qualifications of the programme for graduates to join the Institution. The Institution's accreditation board conducts professional assessments of Bachelor's, Associate's and Higher Diploma programmes in Engineering and Computer Science in Hong Kong and overseas universities. The Bachelor of Engineering program that meets the standards can be accredited under the "Washington Accord", and the Bachelor of Computer Science program can be accredited under the "Seoul Accord"; as for each sub-degree program that meets the academic requirements of the Institution, it can be accredited under the "Sydney Accord".

The Institution also provides Continuing Professional Development activities to engineers to increase their quality.

## Publication

The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers, as an academic body in the engineering field in Hong Kong, has a publication *HKIE Transactions*. Published quarterly since 1994, the HKIE Transactions provides a platform for engineers to discuss various aspects of engineering from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The journal welcomes submissions of research papers, literature reviews, engineering case studies, technical notes or articles and written discussions involving advanced technology

The HKIE also publishes the monthly magazine "Hong Kong Engineer", the Institution Yearbook and the Annual Report

## InfoBox

Hong Kong Institution of Engineers
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | HKIE |
| Formation | 1947 (1947) (Engineering Society of Hong Kong) |
| Type | Professional body |
| Headquarters | 1 Great George Street, Hong Kong |
| Website | Official website |
| Formerly called | Engineering Society of Hong Kong |


title: Multiple Registration Protocol

abstract: Multiple Registration Protocol (MRP), which replaced Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP), is a generic registration framework defined by the IEEE 802.1ak amendment to the IEEE 802.1Q standard. MRP allows bridges, switches or other similar devices to register and de-register attribute values, such as VLAN identifiers and multicast group membership across a large local area network. MRP operates at the data link layer.

text:
# Multiple Registration Protocol

**Multiple Registration Protocol** (**MRP**), which replaced **Generic Attribute Registration Protocol** (**GARP**), is a generic registration framework defined by the **IEEE 802.1ak** amendment to the IEEE 802.1Q standard. MRP allows bridges, switches or other similar devices to register and de-register attribute values, such as VLAN identifiers and multicast group membership across a large local area network. MRP operates at the data link layer.

## History

GARP was defined by the IEEE 802.1 working group to provide a generic framework allowing bridges (or other devices like switches) to register and de-register attribute values such as VLAN identifiers and multicast group membership. GARP defines the architecture, rules of operation, state machines and variables for the registration and de-registration of attribute values. GARP was used by two applications: **GARP VLAN Registration Protocol** (**GVRP**) for registering VLAN trunking between multilayer switches, and by the **GARP Multicast Registration Protocol** (**GMRP**). The latter two were both mostly enhancements for VLAN-aware switches per definition in IEEE 802.1Q.

**Multiple Registration Protocol** (**MRP**) was introduced in order to replace GARP, with the IEEE 802.1ak amendment in 2007. The two GARP applications were also modified in order to use MRP. GMRP was replaced by **Multiple MAC Registration Protocol** (**MMRP**) and GVRP was replaced by **Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol** (**MVRP**). This change essentially moved the definitions of GARP, GVRP, and GMRP into an 802.1Q-based environment, implying they were already VLAN aware. This also allowed for significant streamlining of the underlying protocol without much change to the interface of the applications themselves.

The new protocol and applications fixed a problem with the old GARP-based GVRP-based system, where a simple registration or a failover could take an extremely long time to converge on a large network, incurring a significant bandwidth degradation.

It is expected GARP will be removed from IEEE 802.1D at some point in the future.

## Multiple MAC Registration Protocol

Multiple MAC Registration Protocol is a data link layer (layer 2) protocol to register group MAC addresses (i.e. multicast) on multiple switches. It is an MRP application, originally defined in IEEE 802.1ak-2007 and subsequently included in 802.1Q. It replaced the 802.1D-based GMRP. The purpose of MMRP is to allow multicast traffic in bridged LANs to be confined to areas of the network where it is required.

## Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol

MVRP, which replaced GVRP, is a standards-based Layer 2 network protocol, for automatic configuration of VLAN information on switches. It was defined in the 802.1ak amendment to 802.1Q-2005.

Within a layer 2 network, MVRP provides a method to dynamically share VLAN information and configure the needed VLANs. For example, in order to add a switch port to a VLAN, only the end port, or the VLAN-supporting network device connected to the switch port need be reconfigured, and all necessary VLAN trunks are dynamically created on the other MVRP-enabled switches. Without using MVRP, either a manual configuration of VLAN trunks or use of a manufacturer's proprietary method is necessary.

It is through MVRP that dynamic VLAN entries will be updated in the filtering database. In short, MVRP helps to maintain VLAN configuration dynamically based on current network configurations.

802.1Q allows for:

1. Dynamic configuration and distribution of VLAN membership information by means of the MVRP
2. Static configuration of VLAN membership information via management mechanisms, which allow configuration of static VLAN registration entries.
3. Combined static and dynamic configuration, in which some VLANs are configured via management mechanisms and for other VLANs, MVRP is relied on to establish the configuration.

MVRP defines a MRP application that provides the VLAN registration service. MVRP makes use of MRP Attribute Declaration (MAD) and MRP Attribute Propagation (MAP), which provide the common state machine descriptions and the common information propagation mechanisms defined for use in MRP-based applications. MVRP provides a mechanism for dynamic maintenance of the contents of dynamic VLAN registration entries for each VLAN, and for propagating the information they contain to other bridges. This information allows MVRP-aware devices to establish and update dynamically their knowledge of the set of VLANs that currently have active members, and through which ports those members can be reached. The main purpose of MVRP is to allow switches to automatically discover some of the VLAN information that would otherwise need to be manually configured.

### Legacy GVRP details

The replaced GVRP was essentially the same thing, but it used the services of the 802.1D-based GARP application. GVRP made use of GARP Information Declaration (GID) and GARP Information Propagation (GIP), which correspond to the MAP and MAD in MRP. It was defined in the original release of 802.1D-1998 until it was replaced by MVRP.

It was replaced because the non-VLAN-aware GARP had serious deficiencies when operating in large VLAN networks.

## Multiple Stream Registration Protocol

MSRP is the base for the Stream Reservation Protocol first defined in Audio Video Bridging specifications.


title: Triocnemis

abstract: Triocnemis is a monotypic genus of moths in the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Triocnemis saporis, is found in the western US states of Washington, Colorado, California and Arizona. Both the genus and species were first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1881.

text:
# Triocnemis

***Triocnemis*** is a monotypic genus of moths in the family Noctuidae. Its only species, ***Triocnemis saporis***, is found in the western US states of Washington, Colorado, California and Arizona. Both the genus and species were first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1881.

## InfoBox

| *Triocnemis saporis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Noctuidae |
| Genus: | *Triocnemis*
Grote, 1881 |
| Species: | ***T. saporis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Triocnemis saporis***
Grote, 1881 | |
|


title: Walk On By (Leroy Van Dyke song)

abstract: "Walk on By" is a song written by Kendall Hayes and performed by American country music artist Leroy Van Dyke. It was released in June 1961 as the first single and title track from the album Walk On By. The song was Van Dyke's most successful single, spending 37 weeks on the country chart and a record-breaking 19 at the number-one position. "Walk on By" crossed over to the pop chart peaking at number five, and was named by Billboard magazine, in its 100th anniversary issue (1994), as the biggest country music record in history. The 19-week run of "Walk On By" is a record that stood for 51 years until "Cruise" by Florida Georgia Line reached its 19th week at No. 1 on July 20, 2013; the following week, "Cruise" surpassed the standard when it recorded its 20th week at No. 1. Until Florida Georgia Line surpassed it in total weeks at No. 1, "Walk On By" held the record for most weeks at No. 1 since the introduction of the all-encompassing Hot Country Songs chart in October 1958; the all-time record for most weeks at No. 1 is the 2017 release "Meant to Be" by Bebe Rexha featuring Florida Georgia Line.

text:
# Walk On By (Leroy Van Dyke song)

"**Walk on By**" is a song written by Kendall Hayes and performed by American country music artist Leroy Van Dyke. It was released in June 1961 as the first single and title track from the album *Walk On By*. The song was Van Dyke's most successful single, spending 37 weeks on the country chart and a record-breaking 19 at the number-one position. "Walk on By" crossed over to the pop chart peaking at number five, and was named by *Billboard* magazine, in its 100th anniversary issue (1994), as the biggest country music record in history.

The 19-week run of "Walk On By" is a record that stood for 51 years until "Cruise" by Florida Georgia Line reached its 19th week at No. 1 on July 20, 2013; the following week, "Cruise" surpassed the standard when it recorded its 20th week at No. 1. Until Florida Georgia Line surpassed it in total weeks at No. 1, "Walk On By" held the record for most weeks at No. 1 since the introduction of the all-encompassing Hot Country Songs (then called Hot C&W Sides) chart in October 1958; the all-time record for most weeks at No. 1 (50 weeks) is the 2017 release "Meant to Be" by Bebe Rexha featuring Florida Georgia Line.

## Synopsis

A two-timing man has begun a new relationship, but never fully cut off the previous one. While the old girlfriend is aware of his new flame, the new one does not know about it and he intends to keep it that way by not acknowledging his old girlfriend in public. He advises the old girlfriend to treat him as a stranger — “just walk on by, wait on the corner” — and that he will continue meeting with her in dim cafes just outside of town.

## Musicians

## Production

* Shelby Singleton — producer
* Mort Thomasson — recording engineer

## Cover versions

## Chart performance

### Leroy Van Dyke

| Chart (1961–62) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Norwegian Singles Chart | 1 |
| Sweden (*Tio i Topp*) | 1 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 1 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 5 |
| UK Singles Chart | 5 |

### Donna Fargo

| Chart (1980) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 43 |
| Canadian *RPM* Country Tracks | 53 |

### Asleep at the Wheel

| Chart (1988) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 55 |

## InfoBox

| "Walk On By" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Leroy Van Dyke | |
| from the album  *Walk On By* | |
| B-side | "My World Is Caving In" |
| Released | August 1961 (1961-08) |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 2:19 |
| Label | Mercury |
| Songwriter(s) | * Kendall Hayes |
| Producer(s) | Shelby Singleton |
| Leroy Van Dyke singles chronology | |
| "The Auctioneer"
(1956) "**Walk On By**"
(1961) "If a Woman Answers (Hang Up the Phone)"
(1962) | |
|  | |
| Audio | |
| "Walk on By" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Peter Baxendell

abstract: Sir Peter Brian Baxendell is a British retired oilman who worked for Shell from 1946 to 1985. From 1979 to 1985 Baxendell was the chairman of Shell Transport and Trading, and from 1982 to 1985 he was the chairman of the Royal Dutch/Shell Group. Baxendell was born on 28 February 1925 in Runcorn, Cheshire to Roman Catholic parents Leslie Wilfred Edward Baxendell (1892–1968) and Evelyn Mary Gaskin (1895–1992). He was educated at St Francis Xavier's College in Liverpool, and the Royal School of Mines in London. Baxendell joined Shell in 1946 as a petroleum engineer. In 1947 he was posted to Egypt, and in 1950 to Venezuela. In 1963 he became the technical director of Shell-BP Nigeria, and in 1966 returned to London where he became the head of the Shell's Southeast Asia Division. He was made the managing director of Shell-BP Nigeria in 1969. In 1973 he was appointed a managing director of Shell UK, which placed him on the Royal Dutch/Shell Group Committee of Managing Directors. The following year he became chairman of Shell UK. In 1979 he was elected chairman of Shell Transport and Trading, and in 1982 became chairman of the Committee of Managing Directors. He was also chairman of Hawker Siddeley and was a director of Sun Life and Inchcape. Baxendell retired on 1 July 1985 at age 60. He was knighted in 1981. In 1949, Baxendell married Rosemary Lacey. They had four children: Anne, Gillian, Peter, and John. Lady Baxendell died on 8 June 2021 at age 95.

text:
# Peter Baxendell

**Sir Peter Brian Baxendell** CBE (born 28 February 1925) is a British retired oilman who worked for Shell from 1946 to 1985. From 1979 to 1985 Baxendell was the chairman of Shell Transport and Trading, and from 1982 to 1985 he was the chairman of the Royal Dutch/Shell Group.

Baxendell was born on 28 February 1925 in Runcorn, Cheshire to Roman Catholic parents Leslie Wilfred Edward Baxendell (1892–1968) and Evelyn Mary Gaskin (1895–1992). He was educated at St Francis Xavier's College in Liverpool, and the Royal School of Mines in London. Baxendell joined Shell in 1946 as a petroleum engineer. In 1947 he was posted to Egypt, and in 1950 to Venezuela. In 1963 he became the technical director of Shell-BP Nigeria, and in 1966 returned to London where he became the head of the Shell's Southeast Asia Division. He was made the managing director of Shell-BP Nigeria in 1969.

In 1973 he was appointed a managing director of Shell UK, which placed him on the Royal Dutch/Shell Group Committee of Managing Directors. The following year he became chairman of Shell UK. In 1979 he was elected chairman of Shell Transport and Trading, and in 1982 became chairman of the Committee of Managing Directors. He was also chairman of Hawker Siddeley and was a director of Sun Life and Inchcape. Baxendell retired on 1 July 1985 at age 60. He was knighted in 1981.

In 1949, Baxendell married Rosemary Lacey. They had four children: Anne, Gillian, Peter, and John. Lady Baxendell died on 8 June 2021 at age 95.

1. "Baxendell, Peter Brian," *Who's Who 1981* (Adam and Charles Black, 1981) 164.
2. Hershey Jr, Robert D. (20 October 1979). "Successors to Chief Chosen at Dutch/Shell". *The New York Times*. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
3. Grayson, Leslie E. (1987). *Who and How in Planning for Large Companies: Generalizations from the Experiences of Oil Companies*. Springer. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-349-08412-8.
4. *Key British Enterprises: KBE*. The Division. 1988. p. 1432.
5. *West Africa*. West Africa Publishing Company Limited. 1979. p. 2000.
6. "Profile: Sir Peter Baxendell". *The Times*. No. 61277. 5 July 1982. p. 12.
7. Kenneth N. Gilpin and Todd S. Purdum, "Royal Dutch/Shell Names Top Officer," *New York Times* (22 February 1985), D2.
8. "Business honours - Nine industry leaders knighted". *The Times*. No. 60953. 13 June 1981. p. 19.
9. Charles, J. A. (2000). *Out of the Fiery Furnace: Recollections and Meditations of a Metallurgist*. IOM Communications Limited. ISBN 978-1-86125-106-0.

## InfoBox

| Sir Peter Brian BaxendellCBE | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1925-02-28) 28 February 1925
Runcorn, Cheshire, England |
| Education | St Francis Xavier's College
Royal School of Mines |
| Spouse | Rosemary Lacey  (m. 1949; died 2021) |


title: Nick Patterson (lacrosse)

abstract: Nick Patterson is a former goaltender in the National Lacrosse League. Patterson played parts of 11 seasons in the NLL, mostly with the Minnesota Swarm. He won the Defensive Player of the Week award four times, and was named to the second All-Pro team in both 2006 and 2007.

text:
# Nick Patterson (lacrosse)

**Nick Patterson** (born December 8, 1982, in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a former goaltender in the National Lacrosse League. Patterson played parts of 11 seasons in the NLL, mostly with the Minnesota Swarm. He won the Defensive Player of the Week award four times, and was named to the second All-Pro team in both 2006 and 2007.

## Statistics

### NLL

|  | |  | Regular Season | | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | | GP | Min | GA | Sv | GAA | Sv % | | GP | Min | GA | Sv | GAA | Sv % |
| 2003 | Vancouver | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00% | | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 2004 | Vancouver | | 16 | 228 | 55 | 149 | 14.46 | 73.04% | | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 2005 | Minnesota | | 10 | 89 | 23 | 62 | 15.51 | 72.94% | | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 2006 | Minnesota | | 11 | 525 | 91 | 342 | 10.41 | 78.98% | | 1 | 17 | 6 | 11 | 20.75 | 64.71% |
| 2007 | Minnesota | | 16 | 656 | 125 | 430 | 11.43 | 77.48% | | 1 | 59 | 14 | 41 | 14.16 | 74.55% |
| 2008 | Minnesota | | 16 | 905 | 181 | 598 | 11.99 | 76.80% | | 1 | 60 | 11 | 33 | 11.30 | 75.00% |
| 2009 | Minnesota | | 16 | 444 | 100 | 249 | 13.62 | 71.30% | | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 2010 | Minnesota | | 16 | 756 | 155 | 459 | 12.29 | 74.80% | | 1 | 21 | 14 | 7 | 19.72 | 50.00% |
| 2011 | Minnesota | | 16 | 812 | 150 | 497 | 11.08 | 76.80% | | 1 | 60 | 14 | 38 | 14.00 | 73.10% |
| 2012 | Minnesota | | 1 | 60 | 20 | 30 | 20.00 | 60.00% | | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 2013 | Washington | | 9 | 114 | 32 | 75 | 16.81 | 70.10% | | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| NLL Totals | | | 128 | 4,587 | 924 | 2891 | 12.08 | 75.80% | | 5 | 218 | 51 | 130 | 14.01 | 71.80% |

## InfoBox

Nick Patterson
| Born | (1982-12-08) December 8, 1982
Vancouver, British Columbia |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Height | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) |
| Weight | 215 pounds (98 kg) |
| Shoots | Right |
| Position | Goaltender |
| NLL draft | 19th overall, 2002
Vancouver Ravens |
| NLL teams | Washington Stealth
Minnesota Swarm
Vancouver Ravens |
| Pro career | 20032013 |


title: Hugh McDonald (footballer)

abstract: Hugh Lachlan MacDonald was a Scottish football goalkeeper. MacDonald was born in Kilwinning, Ayrshire and played for a variety of local junior clubs including Ayr Westerlea, Maybole, Ayr Academical and Beith, before moving south to London to join Woolwich Arsenal in January 1906. McDonald was understudy to Arsenal's regular goalkeeper, England international Jimmy Ashcroft, and played only two league games in what was to be his first spell at Arsenal, his debut coming against Blackburn Rovers on 17 February 1906. At the end of the 1905–06 season he moved to Southern League Brighton & Hove Albion and spent two years there. In May 1908 he returned to Woolwich Arsenal after they sold Ashcroft to make ends meet, and MacDonald was an ever-present for the entire 1908–09 season, and only missed two games of 1909–10. He left Arsenal in July 1910 for Oldham Athletic, spending one season there before moving to Bradford Park Avenue. In December 1912 he returned to Arsenal for a third time, making him, apparently, the only player to have played for the club in three separate spells. As of June 2010, the only other players to have rejoined the club are John Lukic, Jock Rutherford, Martin Keown, Sol Campbell and Jens Lehmann who all rejoined only once. He took over from Sidney Crawford and played 18 of the last 21 league games of the 1912–13 season, in which Arsenal were relegated to the Second Division. MacDonald left Arsenal for a third and final time in November 1913, having been ousted from the team by Joe Lievesley. He saw out his career with first Fulham and then Bristol Rovers, before World War I intervened and ended competitive league football. He died, aged 36, in 1920.

text:
# Hugh McDonald (footballer)

**Hugh Lachlan MacDonald** (1881 – 27 August 1920) was a Scottish football goalkeeper.

MacDonald was born in Kilwinning, Ayrshire and played for a variety of local junior clubs including Ayr Westerlea, Maybole, Ayr Academical and Beith, before moving south to London to join Woolwich Arsenal in January 1906. McDonald was understudy to Arsenal's regular goalkeeper, England international Jimmy Ashcroft, and played only two league games in what was to be his first spell at Arsenal, his debut coming against Blackburn Rovers on 17 February 1906. At the end of the 1905–06 season he moved to Southern League Brighton & Hove Albion and spent two years there.

In May 1908 he returned to Woolwich Arsenal after they sold Ashcroft to make ends meet, and MacDonald was an ever-present for the entire 1908–09 season, and only missed two games of 1909–10. He left Arsenal in July 1910 for Oldham Athletic, spending one season there before moving to Bradford Park Avenue.

In December 1912 he returned to Arsenal for a third time, making him, apparently, the only player to have played for the club in three separate spells. As of June 2010, the only other players to have rejoined the club are John Lukic, Jock Rutherford, Martin Keown, Sol Campbell and Jens Lehmann who all rejoined only once. He took over from Sidney Crawford and played 18 of the last 21 league games of the 1912–13 season, in which Arsenal were relegated to the Second Division.

MacDonald left Arsenal for a third and final time in November 1913, having been ousted from the team by Joe Lievesley. He saw out his career with first Fulham and then Bristol Rovers, before World War I intervened and ended competitive league football. He died, aged 36, in 1920.

## InfoBox

Hugh MacDonald
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Hugh Lachlan MacDonald | | |
| Date of birth | 20 December 1881 | | |
| Place of birth | Kilwinning, Ayrshire, Scotland | | |
| Date of death | 27 August 1920(1920-08-27) (aged 38) | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Ayr Westerlea | | |
|  | Maybole | | |
|  | Ayr Academical | | |
|  | Beith | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1905–1906 | Woolwich Arsenal | 2 | (0) |
| 1906–1908 | Brighton & Hove Albion |  |  |
| 1908–1910 | Woolwich Arsenal | 74 | (0) |
| 1910–1911 | Oldham Athletic |  |  |
| 1911–1912 | Bradford (Park Avenue) |  |  |
| 1912–1913 | Woolwich Arsenal | 18 | (0) |
| 1913–1914 | Fulham |  |  |
| 1914–1915 | Bristol Rovers |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: LNG storage tank

abstract:
A liquefied natural gas storage tank or LNG storage tank is a specialized type of storage tank used for the storage of Liquefied Natural Gas. LNG storage tanks can be found in ground, above ground or in LNG carriers. The common characteristic of LNG Storage tanks is the ability to store LNG at the very low temperature of -162 °C (-260 °F). LNG storage tanks have double containers, where the inner contains LNG and the outer container contains insulation materials. The most common tank type is the full containment tank. Tanks vary greatly in size, depending on usage. In-ground LNG tanks are also used; these are lined or unlined tanks beneath ground level. The low temperature of the LNG freezes the soil and provides effective containment. The tank is sealed with an aluminium alloy roof at ground level. Historically there have been problems with some unlined tanks with the escape of LNG into fissures, the gradual expansion of extent of the frozen ground, and ice heave which have limited the operational capability of in-ground tanks. All piping connected to the LNG tanks, whether above ground or in-ground, are routed through the top of the vessel. This mitigates against loss of containment in the event off a piping breach. In LNG storage the pressure and temperature within the tank will continue to rise. LNG is a cryogen, and is kept in its liquid state at very low temperatures. The temperature within the tank will remain constant if the pressure is kept constant by allowing the boil off gas to escape from the tank. This is known as auto-refrigeration. The world's largest above-ground tank is the 180 million liters full containment type for Osaka Gas Co., Ltd.
(2) The world's largest tank is the 200 million liters Membrane type for Toho Gas Co., Ltd.

text:
# LNG storage tank

A **liquefied natural gas storage tank** or LNG storage tank is a specialized type of storage tank used for the storage of Liquefied Natural Gas. LNG storage tanks can be found in ground, above ground or in LNG carriers. The common characteristic of LNG Storage tanks is the ability to store LNG at the very low temperature of -162 °C (-260 °F). LNG storage tanks have double containers, where the inner contains LNG and the outer container contains insulation materials. The most common tank type is the full containment tank. Tanks vary greatly in size, depending on usage.

In-ground LNG tanks are also used; these are lined or unlined tanks beneath ground level. The low temperature of the LNG freezes the soil and provides effective containment. The tank is sealed with an aluminium alloy roof at ground level. Historically there have been problems with some unlined tanks with the escape of LNG into fissures, the gradual expansion of extent of the frozen ground, and ice heave which have limited the operational capability of in-ground tanks. All piping connected to the LNG tanks, whether above ground or in-ground, are routed through the top of the vessel. This mitigates against loss of containment in the event off a piping breach.

In LNG storage the pressure and temperature within the tank will continue to rise. LNG is a cryogen, and is kept in its liquid state at very low temperatures. The temperature within the tank will remain constant if the pressure is kept constant by allowing the boil off gas to escape from the tank. This is known as auto-refrigeration.

The world's largest above-ground tank (Delivered in 2000) is the 180 million liters full containment type for Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (2) The world's largest tank (Delivered in 2001) is the 200 million liters Membrane type for Toho Gas Co., Ltd.


title: Travel Promotion Act of 2009

abstract: The Travel Promotion Act of 2009 is a law creating the Corporation for Travel Promotion, a public-private partnership tasked with promoting tourism in the United States. To fund the Corporation's activities, the Act provides for a fee of $10 for use of the Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA). Additionally, the Act authorizes a further charge to recover the costs of providing and administrating the ESTA. The House passed the bill by a vote of 358–66 in October 2009, and the Senate followed on February 25, 2010 with a vote of 78–18. President Barack Obama signed the bill into law on March 4, 2010. U.S. Customs and Border Protection has announced they will levy an additional $4 fee for visitors to the United States for the cost of administering the ESTA. The reactions of the European Union have been critical and suggestions of a similar fee have been raised on grounds of reciprocity.

text:
# Travel Promotion Act of 2009

The **Travel Promotion Act of 2009** (Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 111–145 (text) (PDF), Sec. 9) is a law creating the **Corporation for Travel Promotion** (d.b.a. Brand USA), a public-private partnership tasked with promoting tourism in the United States. To fund the Corporation's activities, the Act provides for a fee of $10 for use of the Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA). Additionally, the Act authorizes a further charge to recover the costs of providing and administrating the ESTA.

The House passed the bill by a vote of 358–66 in October 2009, and the Senate followed on February 25, 2010 with a vote of 78–18. President Barack Obama signed the bill into law on March 4, 2010.

U.S. Customs and Border Protection has announced they will levy an additional $4 fee (bringing the total to $14) for visitors to the United States for the cost of administering the ESTA.

The reactions of the European Union have been critical and suggestions of a similar fee have been raised on grounds of reciprocity.

## Brand USA

Brand USA (formerly *Corporation for Travel Promotion*) gets matching funds from the federal government equivalent to what it raises from the private sector, not to exceed a maximum of $100 million.

On July 22, 2014, the House voted to pass the Travel Promotion, Enhancement, and Modernization Act of 2014 (H.R. 4450; 113th Congress), a bill that would extend the provisions of the Travel Promotion Act of 2009, which established the Corporation for Travel Promotion, through September 30, 2020, and impose new performance and procurement requirements on the corporation. The American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA) supported the bill. ASTA President Zane Kerby said that the bill "is essential to marketing the United States as a desirable destination for international tourists, conferences and business." The U.S. Travel Association also supported the bill. One study of the program by Oxford Economics indicated that the program "generates an estimated $47 in economic benefits for every $1 spent on travel promotion."

1. The President Signs the Travel Promotion Bill Archived 2013-04-04 at the Wayback Machine White House Video
2. 75 FR 47701
3. "European Parliament criticizes ESTA fee to fund travel promotion". *Visa Bureau*. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved April 28, 2011.
4. US Launches Corporation for Travel Promotion Archived 2012-02-05 at the Wayback Machine
5. "CBO - H.R. 4450". Congressional Budget Office. 18 July 2014. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
6. "H.R. 4450". United States Congress. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
7. "ASTA Applauds Introduction of the Travel Promotion, Enhancement, and Modernization Act of 2014". American Society of Travel Agents. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
8. "U.S. Travel Hails Bipartisan Move To Extend Brand USA". Black Meetings and Tourism. Retrieved 23 July 2014.

## InfoBox

Travel Promotion Act of 2009
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Enacted by | the 111th United States Congress |
| Citations | |
| Public law | 111-145 |
| Codification | |
| Titles amended | 8 U.S.C.: Aliens and Nationality<br>22 U.S.C.: Foreign Relations and Intercourse |
| U.S.C. sections created | 22 U.S.C. § 2123, § 2123a, § 2131 |
| U.S.C. sections amended | 8 U.S.C. § 1187(h)(3)(B) |
| Legislative history | |
| * **Introduced** in the House by Bob Brady (PA) on March 4, 2009 * **Committee consideration** by House Administration * **Passed the House** on March 31, 2009 (416–1) * **Passed the Senate** on October 29, 2009 (unanimous consent) with amendment * **House agreed to Senate amendment** on November 6, 2009 (voice vote) with further amendment * **Senate agreed to House amendment** on February 25, 2010 (78–18) * **Signed into law** by President Barack Obama on March 4, 2010 | |


title: Horace Dawson

abstract: Horace Greeley Dawson, Jr. is an American retired diplomat who served as the United States Ambassador to Botswana.

text:
# Horace Dawson

**Horace Greeley Dawson, Jr.** (born January 30, 1926) is an American retired diplomat who served as the United States Ambassador to Botswana.

## Life and career

Dawson was born in Augusta, Georgia on January 30, 1926. After graduation from high school, Dawson attended Lincoln University in Pennsylvania for two years before being drafted into the U.S. Army, serving a two-year tour of duty in Europe and the Philippines. Dawson then returned to Lincoln University to finish his studies, earning a B.A. in English in 1949. Dawson went on to study English and comparative literature at Columbia University and received his M.A. the following year.

Dawson began his career as an English teacher at Southern University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, where he remained three years after earning his M.A. He then went on to teach at North Carolina Central University, where he worked as an associate professor of English and director of public relations. He also received his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa in 1961.

In 1962, Dawson entered the Foreign Service, working as a cultural affairs officer in Uganda and Nigeria, and then as the United States Information Agency Director in Liberia. During his time as Cultural Affairs Officer in Lagos,Nigeria, he served as part-time lecturer at the Institute of Mass Communications at the University of Lagos and served on two committees for the Nigerian Ministry of Education.

From 1973 to 1977, Dawson held a prominent position as the director of all American information and cultural programs in Africa. Subsequently, Dawson became the counselor of embassy for public affairs and the director of American information and cultural programs in the Philippines, where he remained until 1979. That year, he was named ambassador to Botswana by President Jimmy Carter. As ambassador, he worked to end apartheid in South Africa. Returning to the United States in 1983, Dawson remained with the State Department until his retirement in 1989. He then joined the faculty at Howard University and was appointed director of the public affairs program. In 1993, Dawson established the Ralph J. Bunche International Affairs Center at Howard, and in 1997 became the director of that program as well.

Dawson is a member of the Peace Corps Advisory Board, chairman of the Selection Committee for the Franklin H. Williams Memorial Internship Program of the Council on Foreign Relations, and recently ended his term as chairman of the Association of Black American Ambassadors. Listed in *Who's Who in America*, Dawson has written extensively on the topics of mass media and international affairs. His wife, Lula Cole Dawson, a sociologist and employment specialist, died in 2004. They have two children.

Dawson is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. He is the chairman of the fraternity's *World Policy Council*, a think tank whose purpose is to expand Alpha Phi Alpha's involvement in politics, and social and current policy to encompass international concerns.


abstract: This article lists the results for the Northern Ireland national football team between 1980 and 1999.

text:
# Northern Ireland national football team results (1980–1999)

This article lists the results for the **Northern Ireland national football team** between 1980 and 1999.

## 1980s

### 1980

| 26 March 1980 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Israel** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 332 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Ramat Gan Stadium
Attendance: 36,000
Referee: Stjepan Glavina (Yugoslavia) |

| 16 May 1980 1979–80 British Home Championship | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Scotland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 333 | Hamilton  36' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 18,000
Referee: Clive Thomas (Wales) |

| 20 May 1980 1979–80 British Home Championship | **England** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | London, England |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 334 | Brotherston  81' (o.g.) | Report | Cochrane  83' | Stadium: Wembley Stadium
Attendance: 33,676
Referee: Gwyn Owen (Wales) |

| 23 May 1980 1979–80 British Home Championship | **Wales** | **0–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Cardiff, Wales |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 335 |  | Report | Brotherston  22' | Stadium: Ninian Park
Attendance: 12,913
Referee: John Hunting (England) |

| 11 June 1980 International Friendly | **Australia** | **1–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Sydney, Australia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 336 | Sharne  75' | Report | Nicholl  11'
J. O'Neill  52' | Stadium: Sydney Cricket Ground
Attendance: 12,486
Referee: Peter Rampley (Australia) |

| 15 June 1980 International Friendly | **Australia** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Melbourne, Australia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 337 | Sharne  18' | Report | M. O'Neill  82' | Stadium: Olympic Park Stadium
Attendance: 6,000
Referee: Stewart Mellings (Australia) |

| 18 June 1980 International Friendly | **Australia** | **1–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Adelaide, Australia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 338 | Sharne  5' | Report | Brotherston  70'
McCurdy  77' | Stadium: Hindmarsh Stadium
Attendance: 6,000
Referee: Don Campbell (Australia) |

| 15 October 1980 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **3–0** | **Sweden** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 339 | Brotherston  24'
McIlroy  28'
J. Nicholl  37' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Alexis Ponnet (Belgium) |

| 19 November 1980 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Portugal** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Lisbon, Portugal |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 340 | Jordão  60' | Report |  | Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 60,000
Referee: Georges Konrath (France) |

### 1981

| 25 March 1981 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Scotland** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Glasgow, Scotland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 341 | Wark  75' | Report | Hamilton  70' | Stadium: Hampden Park
Attendance: 78,376
Referee: Klaus Scheurell (East Germany) |

| 29 April 1981 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Portugal** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 342 | Armstrong  74' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 18,000
Referee: Svein-Inge Thime (Norway) |

| 19 May 1981 1980–81 British Home Championship | **Scotland** | **2–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Glasgow, Scotland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 343 | Stewart  5'
Archibald  49' | Report |  | Stadium: Hampden Park
Attendance: 22,431
Referee: Pat Partridge (England) |

| 3 June 1981 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Sweden** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Stockholm, Sweden |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 344 | Borg  50' (pen.) | Report |  | Stadium: Råsunda Stadium
Attendance: 21,431
Referee: Paolo Bergamo (Italy) |

| 14 October 1981 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–0** | **Scotland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 345 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 22,248
Referee: Valeri Butenko (Soviet Union) |

| 18 November 1981 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Israel** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 346 | Armstrong  27' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 38,000
Referee: Emilio Guruceta Muro (Spain) |

### 1982

| 23 February 1982 1981–82 British Home Championship | **England** | **4–0** | **Northern Ireland** | London, England |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 347 | Robson  1'
Keegan  56'
Wilkins  85'
Hoddle  89' | Report |  | Stadium: Wembley Stadium
Attendance: 54,900
Referee: Gwyn Owen (Wales) |

| 24 March 1982 International Friendly | **France** | **4–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Paris, France |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 348 | Zénier  31'
Couriol  45'
Larios  57'
Genghini  80' | Report |  | Stadium: Parc des Princes
Attendance: 34,000
Referee: Roger Verhaeghe (Spain) |

| 28 April 1982 1981–82 British Home Championship | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Scotland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 349 | McIlroy  52' | Report | Wark  32' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: John Hunting (England) |

| 27 May 1982 1981–82 British Home Championship | **Wales** | **3–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Wrexham, Wales |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 350 | Curtis  18'
Rush  64'
Nicholas  75' | Report |  | Stadium: Racecourse Ground
Attendance: 2,315
Referee: George Smith (Scotland) |

| 17 June 1982 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 5 | **Yugoslavia** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Zaragoza, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 351 |  | Report |  | Stadium: La Romareda
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: Erik Fredriksson (Sweden) |

| 21 June 1982 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 5 | **Honduras** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Zaragoza, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 352 | Laing  60' | Report | Armstrong  10' | Stadium: La Romareda
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Thomson Chan Tam-Sun (Hong Kong) |

| 25 June 1982 1982 FIFA World Cup Group 5 | **Spain** | **0–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Valencia, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 353 |  | Report | Armstrong  47' | Stadium: Estadio Luis Casanova
Attendance: 49,562
Referee: Héctor Ortiz (Paraguay) |

| 1 July 1982 1982 FIFA World Cup Second Stage - Group D | **Austria** | **2–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Madrid, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 354 | Pezzey  50'
Hintermaier  68' | Report | Hamilton  27', 75' | Stadium: Estadio Vicente Calderón
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Adolf Prokop (East Germany) |

| 4 July 1982 1982 FIFA World Cup Second Stage - Group D | **France** | **4–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Madrid, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 355 | Giresse  33', 80'
Rocheteau  46', 68' | Report | Armstrong  75' | Stadium: Estadio Vicente Calderón
Attendance: 37,000
Referee: Alojzy Jarguz (Poland) |

| 13 October 1982 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **Austria** | **2–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Vienna, Austria |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 356 | Schachner  3', 39' | Report |  | Stadium: Praterstadion
Attendance: 9,885
Referee: Valeri Butenko (Soviet Union) |

| 17 November 1982 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **West Germany** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 357 | Stewart  18' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Rolf Nyhus (Norway) |

| 15 December 1982 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **Albania** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Tirana, Albania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 358 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Qemal Stafa
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: André Daina (Switzerland) |

### 1983

| 30 March 1983 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–1** | **Turkey** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 359 | M. O'Neill  5'
McClelland  18' | Report | Şengün  55' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Alain Delmer (France) |

| 27 April 1983 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Albania** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 360 | Stewart  54' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Ib Nielsen (Denmark) |

| 24 May 1983 1982–83 British Home Championship | **Scotland** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Glasgow, Scotland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 361 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Hampden Park
Attendance: 16,379
Referee: Keith Hackett (England) |

| 28 May 1983 1982–83 British Home Championship | **Northern Ireland** | **0–0** | **England** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 362 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 16,238
Referee: Howard King (Wales) |

| 31 May 1983 1982–83 British Home Championship | **Northern Ireland** | **0–1** | **Wales** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 363 |  | Report | Davies  64' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Hugh Alexander (Scotland) |

| 21 September 1983 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **3–1** | **Austria** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 364 | Hamilton  28'
Whiteside  67'
M. O'Neill  89' | Report | Gasselich  83' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 18,013
Referee: Erik Fredriksson (Sweden) |

| 12 October 1983 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **Turkey** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Ankara, Turkey |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 365 | Terim  17' | Report |  | Stadium: 19 Mayıs Stadium
Attendance: 21,096
Referee: Romualdas Yushka (Soviet Union) |

| 16 November 1983 UEFA Euro 1984 Group 6 Qualifier | **West Germany** | **0–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Hamburg, Germany |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 366 |  | Report | Whiteside  50' | Stadium: Volksparkstadion
Attendance: 61,418
Referee: Károly Palotai (Hungary) |

| 13 December 1983 1983–84 British Home Championship | **Northern Ireland** | **2–0** | **Scotland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 367 | Whiteside  17'
McIlroy  56' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Neil Midgley (England) |

### 1984

| 4 April 1984 1983–84 British Home Championship | **England** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | London, England |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 368 | Woodcock  49' | Report |  | Stadium: Wembley Stadium
Attendance: 24,000
Referee: Ronald Bridges (Wales) |

| 22 May 1984 1983–84 British Home Championship | **Wales** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Swansea, Wales |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 369 | Hughes  51' | Report | Armstrong  73' | Stadium: Vetch Field
Attendance: 7,845
Referee: Brian McGinlay (Scotland) |

| 27 May 1984 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Finland** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Pori, Finland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 370 | Valvee  55' | Report |  | Stadium: Porin Stadion, Pori
Attendance: 8,155
Referee: Karl-Heinz Tritschler (West Germany) |

| 12 September 1984 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **3–2** | **Romania** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 371 | Iorgulescu  34' (o.g.)
Whiteside  61'
M. O'Neill  73' | Report | Hagi  36'
Geolgău  80' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 17,269
Referee: Alexis Ponnet (Belgium) |

| 16 October 1984 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **3–0** | **Israel** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 372 | Whiteside  3'
Quinn  26'
Doherty  44' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 10,000
Referee: Howard King (Wales) |

| 14 November 1984 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–1** | **Finland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 373 | J. O'Neill  44'
Armstrong  51' (pen.) | Report | Lipponen  22' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 19,457
Referee: Santos Da Silva (Portugal) |

### 1985

| 27 February 1985 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–1** | **England** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 374 |  | Report | Hateley  77' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 28,500
Referee: Volker Roth (West Germany) |

| 27 March 1985 International Friendly | **Spain** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Palma de Mallorca, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 375 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Estadio Lluís Sitjar
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Coşkun Kutay (Turkey) |

| 1 May 1985 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–0** | **Turkey** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 376 | Whiteside  4', 54' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 18,000
Referee: Bruno Galler (Switzerland) |

| 11 September 1985 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Turkey** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | İzmir, Turkey |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 377 |  | Report |  | Stadium: İzmir Atatürk Stadium
Attendance: 39,157
Referee: Michel Vautrot (France) |

| 16 October 1985 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Romania** | **0–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Bucharest, Romania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 378 |  | Report | Quinn  29' | Stadium: Stadionul 23. August
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Henning Lund-Sørensen (Denmark) |

| 12 November 1985 1986 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **England** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | London, England |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 379 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Wembley Stadium
Attendance: 70,500
Referee: Erik Fredriksson (Sweden) |

### 1986

| 26 February 1986 International Friendly | **France** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Paris, France |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 380 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Parc des Princes
Attendance: 28,909
Referee: Alphonse Costantin (Belgium) |

| 26 March 1986 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Denmark** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 381 | McDonald  39' | Report | Christensen  79' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Rodger Gifford (Wales) |

| 23 April 1986 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **2–1** | **Morocco** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 382 | Clarke  13'
Quinn  86' | Report | Timoumi  65' (pen.) | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Keith Cooper (Wales) |

| 3 June 1986 1986 FIFA World Cup Group D | **Algeria** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Guadalajara, Mexico |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 383 | Zidane  59' | Report | Whiteside  6' | Stadium: Estadio Tres de Marzo
Attendance: 22,000
Referee: Valeri Butenko (Soviet Union) |

| 7 June 1986 1986 FIFA World Cup Group D | **Northern Ireland** | **1–2** | **Spain** | Guadalajara, Mexico |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 384 | Clarke  46' | Report | Butragueño  1'
Salinas  18' | Stadium: Estadio Tres de Marzo
Attendance: 28,000
Referee: Horst Brummeier (Austria) |

| 12 June 1986 1986 FIFA World Cup Group D | **Northern Ireland** | **0–3** | **Brazil** | Guadalajara, Mexico |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 385 |  | Report | Careca  15', 87'
Josimar  42' | Stadium: Estadio Jalisco
Attendance: 51,000
Referee: Siegfried Kirschen (East Germany) |

| 15 October 1986 UEFA Euro 1988 Group 4 Qualifier | **England** | **3–0** | **Northern Ireland** | London, England |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 386 | Lineker  33', 80'
Waddle  75' | Report |  | Stadium: Wembley
Attendance: 35,304
Referee: Alphonse Costantin (Belgium) |

| 12 November 1986 UEFA Euro 1988 Group 4 Qualifier | **Turkey** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | İzmir, Turkey |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 387 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Alsancak Stadı
Attendance: 21,919
Referee: Ștefan Dan Petrescu (Romania) |

### 1987

| 18 February 1987 International Friendly | **Israel** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 388 | Merili  87' | Report | Penney  38' | Stadium: Ramat Gan Stadium
Attendance: 4,081
Referee: Tullio Lanese (Italy) |

| 1 April 1987 UEFA Euro 1988 Group 4 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–2** | **England** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 389 |  | Report | Hodge  19'
Waddle  42' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 20,578
Referee: Emilio Soriano Aladrén (Spain) |

| 29 April 1987 UEFA Euro 1988 Group 4 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–2** | **Yugoslavia** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 390 | Clarke  40' | Report | Stojković  47'
Vujović  80' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 5,482
Referee: Werner Föckler (West Germany) |

| 14 October 1987 UEFA Euro 1988 Group 4 Qualifier | **Yugoslavia** | **3–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Sarajevo, Yugoslavia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 391 | Vokrri  12', 34'
Hadžibegić  74' (pen.) | Report |  | Stadium: Stadion Grbavica
Attendance: 14,075
Referee: Klaus Peschel (West Germany) |

| 11 November 1987 UEFA Euro 1988 Group 4 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Turkey** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 392 | Quinn  47' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 3,931
Referee: Peter Mikkelsen (Denmark) |

### 1988

| 17 February 1988 International Friendly | **Greece** | **3–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Athens, Greece |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 393 | Manolas  61', 79'
Mitropoulos  89' | Report | Clarke  32', 76' | Stadium: Olympic Stadium
Attendance: 9,753
Referee: Zdravko Đokić (Yugoslavia) |

| 23 March 1988 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Poland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 394 | Wilson  2' | Report | Dziekanowski  32' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 4,903
Referee: Rodger Gifford (Wales) |

| 27 April 1988 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **0–0** | **France** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 395 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 6,250
Referee: Keith Cooper (Wales) |

| 21 May 1988 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **3–0** | **Malta** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 396 | Quinn  14'
Penney  23'
Clarke  25' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 9,000
Referee: Carlos Silva Valente (Portugal) |

| 14 September 1988 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–0** | **Republic of Ireland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 397 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 19,873
Referee: Michel Vautrot (France) |

| 19 October 1988 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Hungary** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Budapest, Hungary |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 398 | Vincze  84' | Report |  | Stadium: Népstadion
Attendance: 18,000
Referee: Kurt Röthlisberger (Switzerland) |

| 21 December 1988 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Spain** | **4–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Seville, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 399 | Rogan  30' (o.g.)
Butragueño  55'
Míchel  60' (pen.)
McDonald  64' (o.g.) | Report |  | Stadium: Estadio Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán
Attendance: 70,000
Referee: Marcel van Langenhove (Belgium) |

### 1989

| 8 February 1989 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–2** | **Spain** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 400 |  | Report | Andrinúa  3'
Manolo  84' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Dieter Pauly (West Germany) |

| 26 April 1989 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Malta** | **0–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Attard, Malta |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 401 |  | Report | Clarke  55'
O'Neill  73' | Stadium: Ta' Qali National Stadium
Attendance: 15,150
Referee: Ștefan Dan Petrescu (Romania) |

| 26 May 1989 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **0–1** | **Chile** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 402 |  | Report | Astengo  44' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 2,500
Referee: George Smith (Scotland) |

| 6 September 1989 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–2** | **Hungary** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 403 | Whiteside  89' | Report | Kovács  13'
Bognár  44' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Erik Fredriksson (Sweden) |

| 11 October 1989 1990 FIFA World Cup Group 6 Qualifier | **Republic of Ireland** | **3–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Dublin, Republic of Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 404 | Whelan  42'
Cascarino  48'
Houghton  57' | Report |  | Stadium: Lansdowne Road
Attendance: 45,800
Referee: Pietro D'Elia (Italy) |

## 1990s

### 1990

| 27 March 1990 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **2–3** | **Norway** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 405 | Quinn  44'
Wilson  86' | Report | Skammelsrud  54'
Andersen  57'
Johnsen  90' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 3,900
Referee: Howard King (Wales) |

| 18 May 1990 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Uruguay** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 406 | Wilson  39' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 3,500
Referee: Keith Cooper (Wales) |

| 12 September 1990 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–2** | **Yugoslavia** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 407 |  | Report | Pančev  36'
Prosinečki  86' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 9,008
Referee: Jaap Uilenberg (Netherlands) |

| 17 October 1990 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Denmark** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 408 | Clarke  58' | Report | Bartram  11' (pen.) | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 9,079
Referee: Roger Philippi (Luxembourg) |

| 14 November 1990 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Austria** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Vienna, Austria |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 409 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Praterstadion
Attendance: 6,753
Referee: Gérard Biguet (France) |

### 1991

| 5 February 1991 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **3–1** | **Poland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 410 | Taggart  44', 62'
Magilton  51' (pen.) | Report | Warzycha  17' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 3,500
Referee: Keith Burge (Wales) |

| 27 March 1991 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Yugoslavia** | **4–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Belgrade, Yugoslavia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 411 | Binić  35'
Pančev  47', 60', 62' | Report | Hill  44' | Stadium: Red Star Stadium
Attendance: 5,086
Referee: Yusuf Namoğlu (Turkey) |

| 1 May 1991 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Faroe Islands** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 412 | Clarke  45' | Report | Reynheim  63' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 7,253
Referee: Michel Piraux (Belgium) |

| 11 September 1991 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Faroe Islands** | **0–5** | **Northern Ireland** | Landskrona, Sweden |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 413 |  | Report | Wilson  8'
Clarke  12', 51', 68' (pen.)
McDonald  14' | Stadium: Landskrona IP
Attendance: 1,623
Referee: Simo Ruokonen (Finland) |

| 16 October 1991 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–1** | **Austria** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 414 | Dowie  18'
Black  42' | Report | Lainer  44' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 6,854
Referee: Leif Sundell (Sweden) |

| 13 November 1991 UEFA Euro 1992 Group 4 Qualifier | **Denmark** | **2–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Odense, Denmark |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 415 | Povlsen  22', 36' | Report | Taggart  71' | Stadium: Odense Stadium
Attendance: 10,881
Referee: Alexey Spirin (Soviet Union) |

### 1992

| 19 February 1992 International Friendly | **Scotland** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Glasgow, Scotland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 416 | McCoist  11' | Report |  | Stadium: Hampden Park
Attendance: 13,650
Referee: Joe Worrall (England) |

| 28 April 1992 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–2** | **Lithuania** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 417 | Wilson  13'
Taggart  16' | Report | Narbekovas  41'
Fridrikas  48' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 4,500
Referee: Rune Pedersen (Norway) |

| 2 June 1992 International Friendly | **Germany** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Bremen, Germany |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 418 | Binz  40' | Report | Hughes  22' | Stadium: Weserstadion
Attendance: 24,000
Referee: Alphonse Costantin (Belgium) |

| 9 September 1992 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **3–0** | **Albania** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 419 | Clarke  14'
Wilson  31'
Magilton  44' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 4,756
Referee: Marnix Sandra (Belgium) |

| 14 October 1992 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–0** | **Spain** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 420 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 10,343
Referee: Hellmut Krug (Germany) |

| 18 November 1992 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–1** | **Denmark** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 421 |  | Report | H. Larsen  51' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 11,000
Referee: Sándor Puhl (Hungary) |

### 1993

| 17 February 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Albania** | **1–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Tirana, Albania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 422 | Rraklli  90' | Report | Magilton  15'
McDonald  41' | Stadium: Qemal Stafa Stadium
Attendance: 17,000
Referee: Vesselin Bogdanov (Bulgaria) |

| 31 March 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Republic of Ireland** | **3–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Dublin, Republic of Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 423 | Townsend  20'
Quinn  22'
Staunton  28' | Report |  | Stadium: Lansdowne Road
Attendance: 33,000
Referee: Kurt Röthlisberger (Switzerland) |

| 28 April 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Spain** | **3–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Seville, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 424 | J. Salinas  21', 26'
Hierro  41' | Report | Wilson  11' | Stadium: Benito Villamarín
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Leif Sundell (Sweden) |

| 25 May 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Lithuania** | **0–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Vilnius, Lithuania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 425 |  | Report | Dowie  8' | Stadium: Žalgiris Stadium
Attendance: 6,500
Referee: Esa Palsi (Finland) |

| 2 June 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Latvia** | **1–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Riga, Latvia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 426 | Linards  55' | Report | Magilton  4'
Taggart  15' | Stadium: Daugava Stadium
Attendance: 2,764
Referee: Piotr Werner (Poland) |

| 8 September 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–0** | **Latvia** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 427 | Quinn  35'
Gray  80' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 6,400
Referee: João Pinto Correia (Portugal) |

| 13 October 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Denmark** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Copenhagen, Denmark |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 428 | B. Laudrup  83' | Report |  | Stadium: Parken
Attendance: 40,242
Referee: Vadim Zhuk (Belarus) |

| 17 November 1993 1994 FIFA World Cup Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Republic of Ireland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 429 | Quinn  74' | Report | McLoughlin  78' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 10,500
Referee: Ahmet Çakar (Turkey) |

### 1994

| 23 March 1994 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **2–0** | **Romania** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 430 | Morrow  42'
Gray  50' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Keith Burge (Wales) |

| 20 April 1994 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **4–1** | **Liechtenstein** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 431 | Quinn  5', 34'
Lomas  25'
Dowie  48' | Report | Hasler  84' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 7,150
Referee: Roelof Luinge (Netherlands) |

| 4 June 1994 International Friendly | **Colombia** | **2–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Foxborough, United States |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 432 | Pérez  29'
Valencia  45' | Report |  | Stadium: Foxboro Stadium
Attendance: 21,153
Referee: Jack D'Aquila (United States) |

| 11 June 1994 International Friendly | **Mexico** | **3–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Miami, United States |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 433 | Postigo  18', 30'
Hermosillo  77' | Report |  | Stadium: Miami Orange Bowl
Attendance: 8,418
Referee: Hélder Dias (United States) |

| 7 September 1994 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–2** | **Portugal** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 434 | Quinn  58' (pen.) | Report | Rui Costa  8'
Domingos  81' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 6,301
Referee: Rune Pedersen (Norway) |

| 12 October 1994 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Austria** | **1–2** | **Northern Ireland** | Vienna, Austria |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 435 | Polster  24' (pen.) | Report | Gillespie  3'
Gray  36' | Stadium: Ernst Happel Stadion
Attendance: 19,742
Referee: Antonio Jesús Lõpez Nieto (Spain) |

| 16 November 1994 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–4** | **Republic of Ireland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 436 |  | Report | Aldridge  6'
Keane  11'
Sheridan  38'
Townsend  54' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 10,336
Referee: Serge Muhmenthaler (Switzerland) |

### 1995

| 29 March 1995 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Republic of Ireland** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Dublin, Republic of Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 437 | Quinn  47' | Report | Dowie  72' | Stadium: Lansdowne Road
Attendance: 32,200
Referee: Mario van der Ende (Netherlands) |

| 26 April 1995 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Latvia** | **0–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Riga, Latvia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 438 |  | Report | Dowie  70' (pen.) | Stadium: Daugava Stadium
Attendance: 1,560
Referee: Finn Lambeck (Denmark) |

| 22 May 1995 Canada Cup | **Canada** | **2–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Edmonton, Canada |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 439 | Peschisolido  9', 23' | Report |  | Stadium: Commonwealth Stadium
Attendance: 12,112
Referee: Brian Hall (United States) |

| 25 May 1995 Canada Cup | **Chile** | **2–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Edmonton, Canada |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 440 | Valencia  74'
Mardones  81' | Report | Dowie  7' | Stadium: Commonwealth Stadium
Attendance: 6,124
Referee: Mike Seiffert (Canada) |

| 7 June 1995 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–2** | **Latvia** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 441 | Dowie  44' | Report | Zeiberliņš  59'
Astafjevs  62' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 6,935
Referee: Juan Ansuátegui Roca (Spain) |

| 3 September 1995 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Portugal** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Porto, Portugal |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 442 | Domingos  47' | Report | Hughes  66' | Stadium: Estádio das Antas
Attendance: 26,780
Referee: Rémi Harrel (France) |

| 11 October 1995 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Liechtenstein** | **0–4** | **Northern Ireland** | Eschen, Liechtenstein |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 443 |  | Report | O'Neill  36'
McMahon  49'
Quinn  55'
Gray  72' | Stadium: Sportpark
Attendance: 1,200
Referee: Ľuboš Micheľ (Slovakia) |

| 15 November 1995 UEFA Euro 1996 Group 6 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **5–3** | **Austria** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 444 | O'Neill  27', 78'
Dowie  32' (pen.)
Hunter  53'
Gray  63' | Report | Schopp  55'
Stumpf  70'
Wetl  81' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 8,451
Referee: Leif Sundell (Sweden) |

### 1996

| 27 March 1996 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **0–2** | **Norway** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 445 |  | Report | Solskjær  51'
Østenstad  83' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 5,343
Referee: John Ashman (Wales) |

| 24 April 1996 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–2** | **Sweden** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 446 | McMahon  84' | Report | Dahlin  22'
Ingesson  58' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 5,666
Referee: Hugh Dallas (Scotland) |

| 29 May 1996 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Germany** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 447 | O'Boyle  76' | Report | Scholl  77' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 11,700
Referee: Willie Young (Scotland) |

| 31 August 1996 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–1** | **Ukraine** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 448 |  | Report | Rebrov  79' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 9,358
Referee: Alain Sars (France) |

| 5 October 1996 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Armenia** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 449 | Lennon  29' | Report | Assadourian  8' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 8,357
Referee: Krsto Danilovski (Macedonia) |

| 9 November 1996 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Germany** | **1–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Nuremberg, Germany |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 450 | Möller  40' | Report | Taggart  38' | Stadium: Frankenstadion
Attendance: 40,718
Referee: Ahmet Çakar (Turkey) |

| 14 December 1996 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–0** | **Albania** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 451 | Dowie  12', 21' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 7,935
Referee: Andreas Georgiou (Cyprus) |

### 1997

| 22 January 1997 International Friendly | **Italy** | **2–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Palermo, Italy |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 452 | Zola  9'
Del Piero  88' | Report |  | Stadium: Stadio La Favorita
Attendance: 30,866
Referee: Lutz Michael Fröhlich (Germany) |

| 11 February 1997 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **3–0** | **Belgium** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 453 | Quinn  14'
Magilton  62' (pen.)
Mulryne  88' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 7,126
Referee: John Rowbotham (Scotland) |

| 29 March 1997 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–0** | **Portugal** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 454 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 9,400
Referee: Graziano Cesari (Italy) |

| 2 April 1997 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Ukraine** | **2–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Kyiv, Ukraine |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 455 | Kosovsky  3'
Shevchenko  70' | Report | Dowie  14' (pen.) | Stadium: Olimpiyskiy
Attendance: 85,000
Referee: Václav Krondl (Czech Republic) |

| 30 April 1997 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Armenia** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Yerevan, Armenia |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 456 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Hrazdan Stadium
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Karl-Erik Nilsson (Sweden) |

| 21 May 1997 International Friendly | **Thailand** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Bangkok, Thailand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 457 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Suphachalasai Stadium
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Hanlumyaung Panya (Thailand) |

| 20 August 1997 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–3** | **Germany** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 458 | Hughes  59' | Report | Bierhoff  72', 77', 78' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 12,037
Referee: José María García-Aranda (Spain) |

| 10 September 1997 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Albania** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Zürich, Switzerland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 459 | Haxhi  65' | Report |  | Stadium: Hardturm
Attendance: 2,650
Referee: Roger Philippi (Luxembourg) |

| 11 October 1997 1998 FIFA World Cup Group 9 Qualifier | **Portugal** | **1–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Lisbon, Portugal |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 460 | Conceição  18' | Report |  | Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 31,847
Referee: Peter Mikkelsen (Denmark) |

### 1998

| 25 March 1998 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Slovakia** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 461 | Lomas  51' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 7,895
Referee: Alan Howells (Wales) |

| 22 April 1998 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Switzerland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 462 | Patterson  10' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 8,862
Referee: Hugh Dallas (Scotland) |

| 3 June 1998 International Friendly | **Spain** | **4–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Santander, Spain |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 463 | Pizzi  29', 37'
Morientes  47', 67' | Report | Taggart  43' | Stadium: Estadio El Sardinero
Attendance: 18,120
Referee: Gilles Veissière (France) |

| 5 September 1998 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Turkey** | **3–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Istanbul, Turkey |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 464 | Oktay  18', 58'
Tayfur  50' | Report |  | Stadium: Ali Sami Yen Stadium
Attendance: 19,840
Referee: Ryszard Wójcik (Poland) |

| 10 October 1998 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **1–0** | **Finland** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 465 | Rowland  36' | Report |  | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 10,002
Referee: Zoran Arsić (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) |

| 18 November 1998 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **2–2** | **Moldova** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 466 | Dowie  49'
Lennon  63' | Report | Gaidamașciuc  22'
Testemițanu  56' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 11,137
Referee: Vladimír Hriňák (Slovakia) |

### 1999

| 27 March 1999 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–3** | **Germany** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 467 |  | Report | Bode  11', 43'
Morrow  62' (o.g.) | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 14,270
Referee: Graziano Cesari (Italy) |

| 31 March 1999 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Moldova** | **0–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Chişinău, Moldova |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 468 |  | Report |  | Stadium: Stadionul Republican
Attendance: 9,237
Referee: Edo Trivković (Croatia) |

| 27 April 1999 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **1–1** | **Canada** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 469 | Parker  90+1' (o.g.) | Report | Bircham  67' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 7,663
Referee: Mike McCurry (Scotland) |

| 29 May 1999 International Friendly | **Republic of Ireland** | **0–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Dublin, Republic of Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 470 |  | Report | Griffin  84' | Stadium: Lansdowne Road
Attendance: 12,100
Referee: Ceri Richards (Wales) |

| 18 August 1999 International Friendly | **Northern Ireland** | **0–1** | **France** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 471 |  | Report | Laslandes  67' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 11,804
Referee: Willie Young (Scotland) |

| 4 September 1999 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Northern Ireland** | **0–3** | **Turkey** | Belfast, Northern Ireland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 472 |  | Report | Arif  45', 46', 48' | Stadium: Windsor Park
Attendance: 7,270
Referee: Alain Sars (France) |

| 8 September 1999 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Germany** | **4–0** | **Northern Ireland** | Dortmund, Germany |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 473 | Bierhoff  2'
Ziege  16', 33', 45' | Report |  | Stadium: Westfalenstadion
Attendance: 41,000
Referee: Georgios Bikas (Greece) |

| 9 October 1999 UEFA Euro 2000 Group 3 Qualifier | **Finland** | **4–1** | **Northern Ireland** | Helsinki, Finland |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
Match 474 | Johansson  9'
Hyypiä  63'
Kolkka  73', 83' | Report | Whitley  59' | Stadium: Olympic Stadium
Attendance: 8,217
Referee: Armand Ancion (Belgium) |

1. "Northern Ireland". *wildstat.com*. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
2. "Northern Ireland vs France, 18 August 1999".
3. "Turks end Northern Ireland hopes".
4. "Germany vs Northern Ireland, 8 September 1999, Euro 2000 Qualifying".
5. "Finland vs Northern Ireland, 9 October 1999, Euro 2000 Qualifying".

## InfoBox