title: Thunder Force VI

abstract: Thunder Force VI Thunder Force VI is a 2008 horizontal-scrolling shooter video game developed and published for the PlayStation 2 by Sega. The game places the player in the role of a starship that must eradicate the Orn Faust empire before they destroy all of Earth. The player must complete each stage by shooting down enemies and avoiding collisions with them and their projectiles, using an arsenal of powerful weapons to destroy them. It is the sixth and final entry in the long-running Thunder Force video game franchise, and the only one to not be developed by series creator Technosoft. Thunder Force VI was originally being designed for the Dreamcast by Technosoft in 2000; very little work was completed, and production was halted after Technosoft folded into Japanese pachinko manufacturer Twenty-One Company. Sega acquired the rights to revive the project in early 2007. Development was led by Tez Okano, known for his work on titles such as Segagaga, Astro Boy: Omega Factor and Gunstar Super Heroes. He looked to games such as R-Type Final for inspiration, deciding to create a game that went "back to the roots" of the series instead of making drastic changes to the core gameplay. Okano worked to assemble a team of designers that were fans of the Thunder Force series and had prior experience with working on shooters, gathering several from Taito and Konami to assist in production. The game was intended to be the first under the "Project STG" brand name, intended for remakes and reboots of older shoot'em up franchises. Versions for the Xbox 360, PlayStation Portable and arcades were briefly considered but later scrapped. Thunder Force VI was met with a mixed reaction from critics, with complaints being directed towards its blurry visuals, short length, soundtrack and for mostly consisting of "recycled" stages and mechanics found in earlier games in the franchise. Fans of the series were especially negative towards the game for lacking originality and innovation, alongside it being mostly a rehash of its predecessors. Its gameplay, graphical style and weapon variety were often the subject of praise.

text:
# Thunder Force VI

***Thunder Force VI*** is a 2008 horizontal-scrolling shooter video game developed and published for the PlayStation 2 by Sega. The game places the player in the role of a starship that must eradicate the Orn Faust empire before they destroy all of Earth. The player must complete each stage by shooting down enemies and avoiding collisions with them and their projectiles, using an arsenal of powerful weapons to destroy them. It is the sixth and final entry in the long-running *Thunder Force* video game franchise, and the only one to not be developed by series creator Technosoft.

*Thunder Force VI* was originally being designed for the Dreamcast by Technosoft in 2000; very little work was completed, and production was halted after Technosoft folded into Japanese pachinko manufacturer Twenty-One Company. Sega acquired the rights to revive the project in early 2007. Development was led by Tez Okano, known for his work on titles such as *Segagaga*, *Astro Boy: Omega Factor* and *Gunstar Super Heroes*. He looked to games such as *R-Type Final* for inspiration, deciding to create a game that went "back to the roots" of the series instead of making drastic changes to the core gameplay. Okano worked to assemble a team of designers that were fans of the *Thunder Force* series and had prior experience with working on shooters, gathering several from Taito and Konami to assist in production. The game was intended to be the first under the "Project STG" brand name, intended for remakes and reboots of older shoot'em up franchises. Versions for the Xbox 360, PlayStation Portable and arcades were briefly considered but later scrapped.

*Thunder Force VI* was met with a mixed reaction from critics, with complaints being directed towards its blurry visuals, short length, soundtrack and for mostly consisting of "recycled" stages and mechanics found in earlier games in the franchise. Fans of the series were especially negative towards the game for lacking originality and innovation, alongside it being mostly a rehash of its predecessors. Its gameplay, graphical style and weapon variety were often the subject of praise.

## Gameplay

*Thunder Force VI* is a horizontal-scrolling shooter video game. The player controls a starship that must make it to the end of each stage by destroying incoming enemies and avoiding collisions with them and their projectiles. Stages feature 3D visuals while taking place on a 2D plane, occasionally zooming the camera towards and away the player. Two starships are available at the beginning of the game — the RVR-001 "Phoenix" and the Rynex-R — both of which have different weapon loadouts and playstyles. Additional ships can be unlocked by progressing through the game and completing specific objectives. The player has access to five different weapon types, each having varying abilities and strengths; unlike earlier games in the series, the player starts with all of them, without needing to collect them while progressing through stages. The primary weapon is the "Craw", which can be launched at enemies to create powerful electric charges that obliterate anything in their path. Other weapons include a twin shot, a backwards shot, and a free-range homing shot.

## Plot

*Thunder Force VI* is set in the year A.D. 2161, ten years after the events of its predecessor *Thunder Force V*. After the artificial intelligence known as the "Guardian" is destroyed, Earth returns to an age of prosperity and peace. Shortly after this, an extraterrestrial race known as the "Orn Faust" make contact with Earth and begin to invade the planet, leaving the Unified Earth Fleet powerless and nearly destroyed. The Unified Earth Government discovers several strange readings from its analysis report of an underground chamber on the island of Babel, where the Guardian was once installed. The readings lead to the location of technology related to the "Vasteel", the starship that had destroyed the Guardian long ago that has since been abandoned and sealed away to protect it. When researchers analyze the technology, they discover that the Vasteel was originally named the "Rynex", a powerful weapon that had been used by the Galaxy Federation extraterrestrial power to combat the Orn Empire, the leader of the Orn Faust. Scientists design a new starship called the RVR-001 "Phoenix", based on the Vasteel's technology, to destroy the Orn Faust and to save all of mankind from destruction.

## Development

*Thunder Force VI* was originally being developed for the Dreamcast by series creator Technosoft, reportedly being in production in early 2000. Aside from an early test video showing an early introduction sequence and several pieces of music, very little progress was made; it was indefinitely shelved during early stages of production after Technosoft folded into Japanese pachinko manufacturer Twenty-One Company. The composer for the project released the music as part of a soundtrack album, titled *NOISE Game Music Vol. 3 – Broken Thunder*, encompassing both tracks from *Thunder Force VI* and other games in the series, such as *Thunder Force V*.

In early 2007, Sega acquired the license from Technosoft and Twenty-One to revive the project and give it a full release. Development was headed by Sega veteran Tez Okano, known for his work on titles such as *Segagaga*, *Astro Boy: Omega Factor*, and *Gunstar Super Heroes*. Okano was a big fan of the *Thunder Force* series and was interested in producing a full-length sequel for a modern platform; he had previously designed a *Thunder Force*-esc stage for his earlier work *Segagaga*, which also incorporated music from the *Broken Thunder* album and the Dreamcast version of *Thunder Force VI*, which he was able to use after securing a deal with Technosoft. Okano worked to assemble a development team that were also fans of the series and had prior experience with designing shooters, gathering several designers from Taito and Konami to assist in production. He looked to Irem's *R-Type Final* for potential inspiration, choosing to "go back to the roots" of the series instead of trying to incorporate nothing but new ideas and change the core gameplay. Okano and the development team had to pay close attention to the game's budget to prevent it from becoming too large. He considered producing an arcade version, but scrapped the idea after not being able to find an arcade board that had sufficient hardware power for the game. Composing the soundtrack were Tamayo Kawamoto of *RayForce*, Go Sato of *Raiden*, and Motoaki Furukawa of *Gradius*.

Okano claimed that *Thunder Force VI* would be the first game under the "Project STG", a brand name which he intended to be used for a potential series of shoot'em up revivals and reboots. He stated in an interview that more games would likely be released under the Project STG name if *Thunder Force VI* proved to be a success. Okano had thought about porting the game to either the Xbox 360 or PlayStation Portable, but these ideas quickly fell through. Sega officially announced the game in July 2008 through *Famitsu* magazine, releasing several screenshots and promotional videos through their official website. Twenty-One quietly updated their official website announcing their intentions to revive the series with Sega, alongside the game's release. *Thunder Force VI* was published for the PlayStation 2 in Japan on October 30, 2008.

## Reception

Reviews for *Thunder Force VI* were often mixed, with common complaints being towards its unbalanced difficulty level, soundtrack and usage of assets and entire stage designs from earlier entries in the series. Fans of the series were particularly negative towards it for failing to live up to prior *Thunder Force* games and for greatly lacking in both innovation and originality.

Japanese publication *Famitsu* criticized the game for relying mostly on stages and concepts from earlier games in the *Thunder Force* series, saying that it lacked innovation and originality. They praised the 3D graphics for being used in an interesting way throughout the game, but disliked the textures themselves for being low-textured and unappealing to look at. *MeriStation* praised the variety of weapons within the game, particularly the CRAW for being greatly improved over the one featured in its predecessor *Thunder Force V*, but were disappointed towards the level design for being too similar to those in prior entries, as well as its graphical style for being inferior to games like *Gradius V*. *MeriStation* applauded its soundtrack for its "techno new age" vibe and for the gameplay still being enjoyable and fun to play, although were critical of its short length. They expressed hope in the game being released outside Japan for services such as Xbox Live Arcade, writing: "In a world dominated by 3D and high definition, the appearance of jewelry like this is worthy of admiration". *Edge Spain* disliked its overly-easy difficulty level and for reusing assets and ideas from older *Thunder Force* titles.

In a 2016 retrospective review, *Hardcore Gaming 101* stated it felt like a "step back" compared to games such as *R-Type Final* and *Gradius V* for its blurry textures, bland soundtrack, and for greatly lacking in originality, specifically criticizing the game for simply lifting entire stage ideas from earlier entries in the series. In light of their criticism, they commended the game's 3D graphics and overall gameplay for still staying true to the series' core, concluding their review with: "Though it’s a bit disappointing that *Thunder Force VI* feels so recycled, at its core, it’s still a well-made shooter that pulls off the difficult task of appealing to both casual and hardcore shooter fans". In a retrospective coverage of the series, *Nintendo Life* was critical of its short length and lack of unique ideas, disliking that it simply reused ideas from other games in the *Thunder Force* franchise instead of utilizing original mechanics and concepts.

1. *Thunder Force VI PlayStation 2 instruction manual* (PDF) (in Japanese). Japan: Sega. 30 October 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
2. Kalata, Kurt (10 December 2016). "Thunder Force VI". *Hardcore Gaming 101*. Archived from the original on 20 June 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
3. Ashcraft, Brian (9 July 2008). "A Decade Later, We Get New Thunder Force Game". *Kotaku*. Archived from the original on 2 December 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
4. Kalata, Kurt (10 December 2016). "Broken Thunder". *Hardcore Gaming 101*. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
5. McFerran, Damien (20 September 2016). "Feature: The History Of Technosoft's Thunder Force Series". *Nintendo Life*. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
6. Toyotomi, Kazutaka (1 September 2008). "アイエヌエイチ、池袋ギーゴ「3大シューティング祭り」 会場に200人以上のファンが集結!". *Game Watch* (in Japanese). Impress Group. Archived from the original on 1 September 2008. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
7. Edge Staff (5 November 2008). "Saving Shooters". *Edge*. pp. 1–5. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
8. Grifford, Kevin (9 July 2008). "Thunder Force VI Revealed For PS2". *1UP.com*. IGN. Archived from the original on 23 May 2011. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
9. "サンダーフォースVI \[PS2\] / ファミ通.com". *www.famitsu.com*. Retrieved 2018-07-27.
10. Pino García, Francisco Gabriel (29 December 2008). "Thunder Force VI: Legend of the Wings". *MeriStation*. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
11. "Nuevo - Thunder Force VI" (in Spanish). No. 34. Edge Spain. 2008. p. 63. Retrieved 25 January 2020.

## InfoBox

| Thunder Force VI | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Sega |
| Publisher(s) | Sega |
| Director(s) | Kagasei Shimomura |
| Producer(s) | Naofumi Shioya |
| Designer(s) | Tetsu Okano |
| Composer(s) | Tamayo Kawamoto
Motoaki Furukawa
Go Sato
Tsuyoshi Kaneko |
| Series | *Thunder Force* |
| Platform(s) | PlayStation 2 |
| Release | * JP: October 30, 2008 |
| Genre(s) | Horizontal-scrolling shooter |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


title: Tillandsia juncea

abstract: Tillandsia juncea is a species of flowering plant in the genus Tillandsia. This species is native to northern South America, Central America, Mexico and the West Indies.

text:
# Tillandsia juncea

***Tillandsia juncea*** is a species of flowering plant in the genus *Tillandsia*. This species is native to northern South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, eastern Brazil), Central America, Mexico and the West Indies (Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Trinidad).

## Cultivars

* *Tillandsia* 'But'
* *Tillandsia* 'Cataco'
* *Tillandsia* 'Little Star'
* *Tillandsia* 'Sea Urchin'

## InfoBox

| *Tillandsia juncea* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Bromeliaceae |
| Genus: | *Tillandsia* |
| Subgenus: | *Tillandsia* subg. *Tillandsia* |
| Species: | ***T. juncea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tillandsia juncea***<br>(Ruiz & Pav.) Poir. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Bonapartea juncea* Ruiz & Pav. * *Misandra juncea* (Ruiz & Pav.) F.Dietr. * *Acanthospora juncea* (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. * *Platystachys juncea* (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer * *Tillandsia quadrangularis* M.Martens & Galeotti * *Tillandsia juncifolia* Regel | |


title: Thrones of Norway

abstract: The throne of Norway are the physical representations of the monarchy of Norway. One stands in the building of the Parliament in Oslo, the political capital of Norway, where it is used in a political context. The other stands in Trondheim, the religious capital of Norway, where it was used in a religious context. Lesser known is the throne in the Council Chamber in the Royal Palace. In addition to the thrones, there are two coronation chairs, which are also located in Trondheim. Between 1671 and 1814, the Coronation Chair of Denmark was de facto also Norway's.

text:
# Thrones of Norway

The **throne of Norway** (Norwegian Bokmål: singular *Norges tronstol*, plural *-stoler*; Norwegian Nynorsk: singular *Noregs tronstol*, plural *-stolar*) are the physical representations of the monarchy of Norway. One stands in the building of the Parliament in Oslo, the political capital of Norway, where it is used in a political context. The other stands in Trondheim, the religious capital of Norway, where it was used in a religious context. Lesser known is the throne in the Council Chamber in the Royal Palace. In addition to the thrones, there are two coronation chairs (Bokmål and Nynorsk: *kroningstol*), which are also located in Trondheim. Between 1671 and 1814, the Coronation Chair of Denmark was de facto also Norway's.

## The throne in the Parliament, Oslo

The throne was made in 1847 by Wilhelm Heinrich Hoffmann and placed in the Throne Room in the Castle of Oslo (the Royal Palace). Later in the 19th century, the throne was transferred to the Parliament, where it has been located ever since. It is, especially, used when the monarch opens the Parliament every year.

The throne is covered with gold, and the textile is red. These are the colours of the monarch. On the top of the chair is the Coat of arms of Norway. The chair has two crowned lion heads, and the two foremost of the chair's legs resemble lion paws. A golden lion symbolises the monarch.

The throne is 207 centimetres tall and 100 centimetres broad.

Two smaller chairs belong together with the throne; one for the consort and one for the heir apparent.

## The throne in the Royal Palace, Oslo

In the Council Chamber in the Royal Palace, where the king receives the Government every Friday, the king has an additional throne. This was made in the 1840s by Hans Linstow.

There is also a slightly smaller chair made in 1997. This belongs to the heir apparent.

## The throne in Trondheim

The throne in Trondheim was acquired to the coronation of Oscar II and Sophia of Nassau in 1873.

The throne was used for the last time during the coronation of Haakon VII and Maud of Wales in 1906.

## Coronation chairs

In 1818, Charles III John used a pair of identical chairs; one as a coronation chair during the ceremony and one as a throne when he was crowned. In addition, there was a chair without arms, used by his son and heir apparent, Oscar.

In 1860, however, when Charles IV and Louise of the Netherlands were crowned, they used the two chairs during the ceremony whilst they, most likely, used Oscar's chair of 1818 as a throne chair when they were crowned.

The 1906 coronation was the last in Norway; in 1908, the provision in the 1814 constitution mandating a coronation was repealed. However, when Olav V became king in 1958, he desired and arranged a "benediction" or blessing ceremony in the Nidaros Cathedral. In this ceremony, the former coronation chairs were used during the service. The same happened in 1991, when Harald V and Sonja Haraldsen were blessed on their royal office.

Other depictions of the coronation chairs:

## The Throne in Copenhagen

Even though Norway was formally an independent realm with its own throne during the Dano-Norwegian union, the Coronation Chair of Denmark was the de facto coronation chair of Norway 1671 - 1814, the royal house being the German House of Oldenburg. Made of narwhal tusk, it was guarded by three lions of silver.


title: Thunder Girl

abstract: Thunder Girl is a superheroine in Big Bang Comics who first appeared in Big Bang Comics #2, created by Chris Ecker and Sheldon Moldoff. Thunder Girl is a pastiche of Mary Marvel of DC Comics.

text:
# Thunder Girl

**Thunder Girl** (AKA: Molly Wilson) is a superheroine in Big Bang Comics who first appeared in *Big Bang Comics* #2 (Summer 1994), created by Chris Ecker and Sheldon Moldoff. Thunder Girl is a pastiche of Mary Marvel of DC Comics.

## Fictional character biography

Molly Wilson is a young librarian who is transformed into Thunder Girl by shouting the magic word, *"Alakazam!"*. She returns to normal by shouting this again. As Thunder Girl, Molly has the power to lift skyscrapers and fly at subsonic speeds. Sometimes, Thunder Girl refers to Molly in third person, suggesting that they are two different personalities.

### The Criss-Cross Crisis

During the Criss-Cross Crisis, Thunder Girl discovered that her arch-foe, Dr. Hy Q. Binana (a super-intelligent monkey) was behind the clash of two worlds, but when the Crisis was over, Thunder Girl was trapped on the Silver Age Earth-A, unable to return home to the Golden Age Earth-B. She stayed on Earth-A as a member of the Roundtable of America.

### Modern Age

In the Modern Age, Molly had upgraded her costume, and used her magic to keep herself young and beautiful. Her language had grown stronger, and she was dating Overdrive (previously Cyclone).

### Powers and abilities

Molly Wilson is a superheroine who is powered by Nature herself. The primary power that she possesses is the ability to transform into her superpowered alter ego by saying the word "Alakazam" loudly. In her transformed state, Molly is incredibly strong and is able to lift skyscrapers. She is also able to fly and run at subsonic speeds. She is mostly invulnerable to damage, and possesses potent magical abilities. This allows her to retain her youth and beauty. She also possesses the "Wisdom of the Owl" which grants her a form of enhanced intellect, presumably heightening her memory and ability to process information. In addition, Molly is capable of using her transformative lightning bolts as unconventional weapons to strike opponents.

## InfoBox

| Thunder Girl | |
| --- | --- |
| *Big Bang Comics* #0, art by Alex Ross. | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Big Bang Comics |
| First appearance | *Big Bang Comics* #2 (Summer 1994) |
| Created by | Chris Ecker (writer)<br>Sheldon Moldoff (artist) |
| In-story information | |
| Alter ego | Molly Wilson |
| Team affiliations | Roundtable of America |
| Abilities | * Super strength * Invulnerability * Flight * Enhanced vision * Super speed * Great wisdom * Temporary power transference |


title: Thunder Glacier (Mount Baker)

abstract: Thunder Glacier is located on the west slopes of Mount Baker in the North Cascades of the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier descends to the west on the north side of the Black Buttes.

text:
# Thunder Glacier (Mount Baker)

**Thunder Glacier** is located on the west slopes of Mount Baker in the North Cascades of the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier descends to the west on the north side of the Black Buttes.

## InfoBox

| Thunder Glacier | |
| --- | --- |
| circa 1909 | |
| Thunder Glacier | |
| Type | Mountain glacier |
| Location | Whatcom County, Washington, USA |
| Coordinates | 48°46′25″N 121°51′47″W / 48.77361°N 121.86306°W / 48.77361; -121.86306 |
| Length | .90 mi (1.45 km) |
| Terminus | Talus/Icefall |
| Status | Retreating |


title: Thorpe Park Leeds

abstract: Thorpe Park Leeds or simply Thorpe Park is a business park located near Brown Moor, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. Companies that are headquartered in Thorpe Park include Northern Gas Networks, Boost Drinks and Pharmacy2U. The Thorpe Park railway station is anticipated to open in the area in 2024. The overall development of the business park is expected to be complete by 2035.

text:
# Thorpe Park Leeds

**Thorpe Park Leeds** or simply **Thorpe Park** is a business park located near Brown Moor, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. Companies that are headquartered in Thorpe Park include Northern Gas Networks, Boost Drinks and Pharmacy2U. The Thorpe Park railway station is anticipated to open in the area in 2024. The overall development of the business park is expected to be complete by 2035.

## History

In 2000, Scarborough Group International (SGI) began development on the business park. The chairman of SGI Kevin McCabe said that they wanted to create the "largest and best out of town, mixed-use development that Yorkshire has ever seen".

Phase two development at Thorpe Park Leeds was enabled following an investment deal with Legal & General Capital in 2015.

The Springs retail park was opened in October 2018. In May 2021, a life-size statue of Captain Tom Moore was unveiled at the park before being positioned at Tom Moore's birthplace in Keighley. In August 2021, SGI began development on a £52 million office building which has been pre-let to credit management company, Lowell.

## InfoBox

| Thorpe Park | |
| --- | --- |
| From top, left to right: Office buildings, an Odeon cinema, Thorpe Park Hotel, view of a roundabout, a Greggs branch and The Springs retail park. | |
| Thorpe ParkLocation within West Yorkshire | |
| Metropolitan borough |  |
| Metropolitan county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | LEEDS |
| Postcode district | LS15 |
| Dialling code | 0113 |
|  | |
| Police | West Yorkshire |
| Fire | West Yorkshire |
| Ambulance | Yorkshire |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Thorpe Park railway station

abstract: Thorpe Park is a proposed railway station, to be sited in the Thorpe Park area to the east of Leeds, England on the Selby Line.

text:
# Thorpe Park railway station

**Thorpe Park** is a proposed railway station, to be sited in the Thorpe Park area to the east of Leeds, England on the Selby Line.

## History

It would be served by trains from the west of Leeds which would normally terminate at Leeds station; by continuing eastwards to this station, it is hoped that extra capacity for through trains would be created at Leeds. The station would also form the first phase of electrifying the railway line to the east of Leeds. As a parkway station (an early name was East Leeds Parkway), the intention would be to allow for a park-and-ride service and the plans include parking for 500 cars.

£20 million was allocated to the scheme by the Yorkshire and Humber Regional Transport Board in April 2008. It was originally hoped that construction would begin in 2011, with a completion date of 2012, but the business case was not submitted to the Department for Transport until 2011. The scheme was put on hold due to a lack of central government funding.

The station is likely to be made up of two island platforms, capable of serving inter-city trains.

The station also featured in plans by Alliance Rail as a stopping point for services between Ilkley/Bradford Forster Square and London Kings Cross to begin in 2017. However, in May 2016, the Office of Rail and Road rejected Alliance Rail's plans to runs services under its GNER banner.

The proposals for East Leeds Parkway have been downplayed in favour of an alternative site at Thorpe Park (which is further west). The West Yorkshire Combined Authority has stated that it is to review the options because of the lack of clarity over the Northern Powerhouse enhancement would mean that only stopping trains (operated by Northern) would stop at any future site.

In November 2017, the ‘Connecting People: Strategic Vision for Rail’ Report by the Government proposed a new station in Thorpe Park as part of a plan to reverse the Beeching Cuts. In May 2021, the government announced £15 million worth of funding for the two railway stations in Leeds to be built (the other being White Rose, which is also on the TransPennine line, but on the west side of Leeds). The railway station is very close to the new East Leeds Orbital Road (A6120 bypass), which is at Junction 46 of the M1 motorway.

## InfoBox

| Thorpe Park | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Location | Thorpe Park, City of Leeds<br>England |
| Coordinates | 53°48′14″N 1°25′29″W / 53.804018°N 1.4248149°W / 53.804018; -1.4248149 |
| Grid reference | SE443334 |
| Managed by | N/A |
| Transit authority | West Yorkshire (Metro) |
| Platforms | 2 |
| Other information | |
| Fare zone | 2 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Thunder Riders (film)

abstract: Thunder Riders is a 1928 American silent Western film directed by William Wyler and starring Ted Wells, Charlotte Stevens, and William Steele. The film's sets were designed by the art director David S. Garber.

text:
# Thunder Riders (film)

***Thunder Riders*** is a 1928 American silent Western film directed by William Wyler and starring Ted Wells, Charlotte Stevens, and William Steele. The film's sets were designed by the art director David S. Garber.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine, Betty Barton comes West to claim the ranch and fortune left her by her father, "Pap Streak Barton." Her inheritance has been left in trust with her father’s old friend Duncan, who determines to try out the mettle of the young woman he has never seen. Duncan and his son, Jack, plan a reception and entertainment for the Barton party calculated to measure up with an Easterner’s ideas of the wild and woolly West. When Betty arrives with her aunt Cythia Straight and Lem Dawson, who aspires to marry her, they are met by a stage coach and a retinue of cowboys. The trip to the ranch is interrupted by an Indian attack, planned by the Duncans, which frightens the Aunt and Percival but delights Betty. During a masqued ball given at the Duncan Ranch for the Bartons, Jack plans to arrive as a bandit and kidnap Betty. Ranch foreman Lon Seeright hears of this and tips off Dawson. When Jack goes to don his bandit’s togs he is seized and bound by Dawson’s gang and Dawson plays bandit. He makes off with Betty to a cabin in the hills, where he has arranged for a hasty marriage. Not until Jack comes to and frees himself does his father realize that Dawson has tricked them. They pursue Dawson and reach the cabin just in time to save Betty from marriage with Dawson, whom the Sheriff has identified as an escaped convict. Since a wedding is all arranged for Betty and Jack, they decide that there is no time like the present.

## Cast

## Preservation

A print of *Thunder Riders* is listed as being held in the collection of La Cineteca Del Friuli.

## Bibliography

* Langman, Larry. *A Guide to Silent Westerns*. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1992.

## InfoBox

| Thunder Riders | |
| --- | --- |
| Lobby card | |
| Directed by | William Wyler |
| Written by | Basil Dickey
Carl Krusada
Gardner Bradford |
| Produced by | Carl Laemmle |
| Starring | Ted Wells
Charlotte Stevens
William Steele |
| Cinematography | Milton Bridenbecker |
| Edited by | Harry Marker |
| Production
company | Universal Pictures |
| Distributed by | Universal Pictures |
| Release date | * August 13, 1928 (1928-08-13) |
| Running time | 50 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: Tilsit Éditions

abstract: Tilsit Éditions was a French game publisher started in 1996 by Didier Jacobée. It made board games, strategy games, games for kids, and other such games until 2010. Tilsit also distributed a number of French versions of Kosmos games, but the collaboration ended in 2006. Since 2003, Tilsit has published three main lines: Tilsit Collection for large-box games, Tilsit Poche for small-box multiplayer games and Tilsit Famille for intermediate games.

text:
# Tilsit Éditions

**Tilsit Éditions** was a French game publisher started in 1996 by Didier Jacobée. It made board games, strategy games, games for kids, and other such games until 2010.

Tilsit also distributed a number of French versions of Kosmos games, but the collaboration ended in 2006. Since 2003, Tilsit has published three main lines: *Tilsit Collection* for large-box games, *Tilsit Poche* for small-box multiplayer games and *Tilsit Famille* for intermediate games.

## Some games published in French by Tilsit

### Tilsit Collection

1. *Maka Bana*, 2003, François Haffner, Prix du Public du Jeu de Saint-Herblain 2004, Trophée Flip 2004
2. *Kanaloa*, 2003, Günter Cornett
3. *Skåål*, 2004, Thierry Lebourg alias *Dr. Mops*
4. *Himalaya*, 2004, Régis Bonnessée
5. *Key Largo*, 2005, Paul Randles, Mike Selinker and Bruno Faidutti

### Tilsit Poche

1. *Wanted!*, 2003, Emiliano Sciarra
2. *Korsar*, 2005, Reiner Knizia
3. *Fantasy Pub*, 2005, Emanuele Ornella
4. *Caramba!*, 2005, Michael Schacht
5. *Red Hot Silly Dragon*, 2005, Guillaume Blossier et Frédéric Henry

1. "TILSIT EDITIONS (LONGJUMEAU) Chiffre d'affaires, résultat, bilans sur SOCIETE.COM - 410438253". *www.societe.com*. Retrieved 2022-05-28.


title: Tim Crowley

abstract: Timothy Crowley is an Irish former hurler. At club level he played with Newcestown and divisional side Carbery and was also a member of the Cork senior hurling team.

text:
# Tim Crowley

**Timothy Crowley** (born 14 May 1952) is an Irish former hurler. At club level he played with Newcestown and divisional side Carbery and was also a member of the Cork senior hurling team.

## Early life

Born and raised in Newcestown, County Cork, Crowley first played as a schoolboy in various local competitions before later lining out as a student at St Finbarr's College in Cork. His brother, Paddy Crowley, had been a member of the first St Finbarr's team to win the All-Ireland title in 1963, with Crowley himself claiming Harty Cup and All-Ireland titles in 1969.

## Club career

Crowley began his club career as a dual player at juvenile and underage levels with Newcestown. He was still eligible for the minor grade when he progressed onto the club's adult teams and won a South West JHC title in his debut season in 1969. Crowley also enjoyed club success as a Gaelic footballer when he was part of the Newcestown team that beat St. Finbarr's to win the Cork IFC title in 1971.

After winning a second divisional title in 1972, Crowley subsequently claimed a Cork JHC title after a defeat of Kildorrery in the final. He won two more divisional titles as the decade went on, while also lining out for the Carbery divisional team in the Cork SHC, before winning a second Cork JHC title after a defeat of Kilworth in the 1980 final. Crowley was part of both the Newcestown junior teams that completed a divisional double in 1988. He brought an end to his 20-year club career in 1989.

## Inter-county career

Crowley's performances as a schoolboy with St. Finbarr's College earned a call-up to the Cork minor hurling team for the 1969 Munster MHC. After securing the provincial title, he lined out at centre-forward for the defeat of Kilkenny in the 1969 All-Ireland minor final. Crowley was again eligible for the minor team the following year and won a second All-Ireland medal after beating Galway in the 1970 All-Ireland minor final.

After Gaelic football success at club level, he was drafted onto the Cork junior football team and was an unused substitute when the team beat Hertfordshire to win the 1972 All-Ireland junior final. In spite of this success, Crowley was overlooked by the Cork under-21 football team selectors but was at midfield on the Cork under-21 hurling team that beat Wexford in the 1973 All-Ireland under-21 final.

Crowley's performances with the under-21 team earned a call-up to the senior team for the 1973-74 National League. After appearing in Cork's first two group games he was later dropped from the panel before making a return during the 1976-77 National League. A broken ankle for Pat Moylan resulted in Crowley securing a place on the Cork team for their 1977 Munster SHC-winning campaign. After initially lining out at centre-forward, he spent the latter stages of the championship at millfield and it was in that position that he lined out in the 1-17 to 3-08 defeat of Wexford in the 1977 All-Ireland final.

Crowley won a second successive Munster SHC title in 1978 before claiming a second successive All-Ireland medal from left wing-forward in the 1-15 to 2-08 All-Ireland final defeat of Kilkenny. He brought his own personal tally of Munster medals to three in 1979, however, Cork later missed out on winning a fourth successive All-Ireland title. In spite of a lack of championship success over the following few seasons, Crowley went on to claim consecutive National League titles with the team in 1980 and 1981. He lined out in successive All-Ireland final defeats by Kilkenny in 1982 and 1983, with his performances in the former season earning him an All-Star award.

Cork qualified for a third successive All-Ireland final in 1984, with Crowley lining out at centre-forward in the 3-16 to 1-12 defeat of Offaly. He won a seventh and final provincial winners' medal in 1985, however, his inter-county career ended after a defeat by Galway in the subsequent All-Ireland semi-final.

## Honours

St. Finbarr's College Newcestown Cork Munster

## InfoBox

Tim Crowley
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Irish name | *Tadhg Ó Crualaoi* | | |
| Sport | Hurling | | |
| Position | Centre-forward | | |
| Born | (1952-05-14) 14 May 1952
Newcestown, County Cork, Ireland | | |
| Height | 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) | | |
| Nickname | Big Timmy | | |
| Occupation | Retired managing director | | |
| Club(s) | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Apps (scores)** |
| 1969-1989
1970-1985 | Newcestown
Carbery |
20 (7-24) |
| Club titles | | | |
| Cork titles | 0 | | |
| Inter-county(ies)\* | | | |
| Years | **County** | **Apps (scores)** |
| 1973–1985 | Cork | 29 (2-23) |
| Inter-county titles | | | |
| Munster titles | 7 | | |
| All-Irelands | 3 | | |
| NHL | 2 | | |
| All Stars | 1 | | |
| \*Inter County team apps and scores correct as of 22:09, 4 December 2013. | | | |


title: Tiktok (film)

abstract: Tiktok is a 2015 Ugandan silent short film written and directed by Usama Mukwaya. The movie features single actor Patriq Nkakalukanyi as Sam. It is Usama's first film under his film company O Studios Entertainment and is his first film as a writer, director and producer. The film premiered at the inaugural Mashariki African Film Festival and received a nomination for best short film.

text:
# Tiktok (film)

***Tiktok*** is a 2015 Ugandan silent short film written and directed by Usama Mukwaya. The movie features single actor Patriq Nkakalukanyi as Sam. It is Usama's first film under his film company O Studios Entertainment and is his first film as a writer, director and producer. The film premiered at the inaugural Mashariki African Film Festival and received a nomination for best short film.

## Plot

After being appointed to a new job, Sam (protagonist) begins his much-anticipated first day at work. He arrives, but this time around with precautions to manage his previously disorganized self. He drafts a new set of guidelines to help him improve and break out of his bad past habits, only to realize that some of the guidelines at work are against him. When he finally maneuvers through the preparation tasks, towards exiting the house, he notices that neighbors have been waiting for him on the door to join them to go for church service. He now realizes he had woken up on a wrong day, the day just before the actual day he must start work.

## Cast

* Patriq Nkakalukanyi as Sam

## Production

Principal production of the film began in September 2014. Director Usama Mukwaya hired Alex Ireeta as Director of Photography, having worked with him on his previous film *Bala Bala Sese*.

## InfoBox

| Tiktok | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Usama Mukwaya |
| Written by | Usama Mukwaya |
| Produced by | Bobby Tamale
Usama Mukwaya |
| Starring | Patriq Nkakalukanyi |
| Cinematography | Alex Ireeta |
| Edited by | Alex Ireeta |
| Music by | Nessim Mukuza |
| Production
company | O Studios Entertainment |
| Release date | * March 11, 2015 (2015-03-11) |
| Running time | 19 minutes |
| Country | Uganda |


title: Tiku Weds Sheru

abstract: Tiku Weds Sheru is a 2023 Indian Hindi-language satirical romantic comedy-drama film. The film is produced by Kangana Ranaut, written and directed by Sai Kabir under the banner of Manikarnika Films. It stars Nawazuddin Siddiqui and Avneet Kaur in lead roles. The film premiered on 23 June 2023 on Amazon Prime Video to negative reviews from critics.

text:
# Tiku Weds Sheru

***Tiku Weds Sheru*** is a 2023 Indian Hindi-language satirical romantic comedy-drama film. The film is produced by Kangana Ranaut, written and directed by Sai Kabir under the banner of Manikarnika Films. It stars Nawazuddin Siddiqui and Avneet Kaur in lead roles. The film premiered on 23 June 2023 on Amazon Prime Video to negative reviews from critics.

## Cast

* Nawazuddin Siddiqui as Shiraz "Sheru" Khan Afghani
* Avneet Kaur as Tasleem "Tiku" Khan
* Khushi Bhardwaj as Sana, Tiku's sister
* Mukesh Bhatt as Anand
* Vipin Sharma as Shahid
* Zakir Hussain as Ahmed Rizvi
* Suresh Vishwakarma as Chandresh Bhund
* Ghanshyam Garg as Raza Ali Khan
* Murari Kumar as Mukhtar
* Aakash Pandey as Mahesh
* Shubhankar Das as Yakub
* Rahoul as Binni
* Satish Nayakodi as ACP Prabhakar
* Aslam Wadkar as Inspector Kadam
* Tanya Desai as Pinki
* Madhavi Lawre as Suman
* Aradhana Sharma as Rita
* Lesan Karimova as Natasha
* Aseem Dubey as Tiku's father
* Meenu Singh as Tiku's mother
* Sagar Rambhia as News anchor
* Sanju Kumar as Guard 1
* Anjani Kumar as Guard 2
* Kangana Ranaut as herself (special appearance)

## Synopsis

*Tiku Weds Sheru* film is billed as a tale of two eccentric, starry eyed characters, who want to make it big in Bollywood. The film is a kind of love letter to those who come to this city, but lose their way yet end up finding something much more meaningful. Ranaut described the movie as a heartfelt ode to Mumbai, the city of dreams.

## Production

### Development

The film was initially titled as "Divine Lovers", with Irrfan Khan and Kangana Ranaut as main leads in 2016. The film got stalled because director Sai Kabir felt severely ill for three to four years. When the filmmaker went back to working on the script, Irrfan passed away in April 2020. Kangana was also not in the same frame of mind that she was eight to ten years ago. Hence they decided to bring in a new cast.

The film is Kangana's maiden production after the launch of her production house in 2020.

### Casting

After Irrfan Khan's demise, Nawazuddin Siddiqui was cast for the male lead, and Avneet Kaur was finalized as the female lead.

Besides the fresh pairing, casting brought to the fore the old debate of the huge age gap between the male and the female actor. On this, Ranaut expressed that she overlooked 27-year age gap between the stars as the pair seemed her well-suited for the storyline, and Kaur stated that she does not see the age gap as a problem as it was a requirement for the film.

### Filming

The film's pre-production began in October 2021. Principal photography began on 8 November 2021 in Mumbai, outdoor schedule began on 20 December 2021 in Bhopal and its last schedule began on 22 January 2022 back in Mumbai. The film wrapped up on 1 February 2022.

## Soundtrack

| Tiku Weds Sheru | |
| --- | --- |
| Soundtrack album by Gaurav Chatterji and Sai Kabir | |
| Released | 23 June 2023 |
| Genre | Feature film soundtrack |
| Length | 17:03 |
| Language | Hindi |
| Label | Sony Music India |

The music for the film is composed by Gaurav Chatterji and Sai Kabir, while the lyrics are written by Shellee and Sai Kabir. The film's background score is composed by Aman Pant.

| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Singer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Tum Se Milke" | Sai Kabir | Gaurav Chatterji, Sai Kabir | Mohit Chauhan | 3:02 |
| 2. | "Meri Jaane Jaan" | Shellee | Gaurav Chatterji | Shreya Ghoshal, Nakash Aziz, Cyli Khare | 3:40 |
| 3. | "Kapat" | Sai Kabir | Sai Kabir | Debanjali B Joshi | 1:48 |
| 4. | "DNA Bhaukali" | Shellee | Gaurav Chatterji | Debanjali B Joshi, Nihal Shetty | 2:36 |
| 5. | "Intezaar Tha (Male Version)" | Sai Kabir | Sai Kabir | Gaurav Chatterji | 2:19 |
| 6. | "Intezaar Tha (Female Version)" | Sai Kabir | Sai Kabir | Monali Thakur | 2:20 |
| 7. | "Intezaar Tha (Reprise Version)" | Sai Kabir | Sai Kabir | Sai Kabir, Gaurav Chatterji | 1:18 |
| Total length: | | | | | 17:03 |

## Release

The film's official trailer was released on 14 June 2023, and the film premiered on 23 June 2023 on Amazon Prime Video.

## Reception

### Critical response

The film received generally negative reviews from the film critics who praised the performances of Kaur and Siddiqui but panned the direction and storyline. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 0% of 9 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 4.3/10.

Vinamra Mathur of *Firstpost* gave the film 3 stars (out of 5) and wrote, "What keeps *Tiku Weds Sheru* afloat are Tiku and Sheru. Right when Tiku is introduced, her age gap with Sheru is quickly addressed that a majority of the movies shy away from". Kahkasha of *Punjab Kesari* gave the film 3 stars (out of 5) and wrote, "The film is a mix of love story, drama, comedy and emotion". Shanti Nanisetti of *Telangana Today* gave the film 2.5 stars (out of 5) and wrote, "The film is like a single pot dish – many ingredients are thrown in to see what surprise dish gets churned out". *Filmfare* gave a rating of 2.5 stars (out of 5) and wrote, "Watch the film for the performances and also if you wish to see the grime beneath the glamour of Bollywood".

Gautaman Bhaskaran of *CNN-IBN* gave the film 2 stars (out of 5) and wrote, "*Tiku Weds Sheru* looks quite jaded, and seems to be unsure of where to place itself". Shilajit Mitra of *The Hindu* wrote, "*Tiku Weds Sheru* has the goods of a moving love story. But it does not deliver". Saibal Chatterjee of *NDTV* gave the film a rating of 2 (out of 5) and wrote, "*Tiku Weds Sheru* wants to project itself as a film about a strong and spirited girl willing to go the distance in pursuit of her dream. But it frequently reduces the female protagonist to a damsel who paints herself into a corner and then needs to be rescued". Abhimanyu Mathur of *DNA India* gave 2 stars (out of 5) and wrote, "*Tiku Weds Sheru* sees Nawazuddin Siddiqui and Avneet Kaur deliver sincere and earnest performances marred by a weak story and bad direction".

Shubhra Gupta of *The Indian Express* gave the film 1.5 stars (out of 5) and wrote, "While Nawazuddin Siddiqui and Avneet Kaur are good fit for the roles, they never quite fit together and you can never overcome the queasiness caused by seeing Sheru slobbering over Tiku". Deepa Gahlot of *Rediff* gave the film 1 star (out of 5) and wrote, "There is no redeeming feature in *Tiku Weds Sheru*, and that is also rare. Even the worst movies have a song, a scene, or a performance that makes all the effort of making a film worthwhile. This one should have been scrapped at script stage, if there was such thing on the table". Vijayalakshmi Narayanan of *The Free Press Journal* gave the film 1 star (out of 5) and wrote, "From its sluggish pace, to cringe-inducing moments of romance and dialogue delivery to its misplaced music, *Tiku Weds Sheru* is an ill-fated union, best left unattended, unless you’re looking for a cure to insomnia".

## InfoBox

| Tiku Weds Sheru | |
| --- | --- |
| Official release poster | |
| Directed by | Sai Kabir |
| Written by | * Sai Kabir * Amit Tiwari |
| Produced by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Fernando Gayesky |
| Edited by | Ballu Saluja |
| Music by |  |
| Production<br>company | Manikarnika Films |
| Distributed by | Amazon Prime Video |
| Release date | * 23 June 2023 (2023-06-23) |
| Running time | 111 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |


title: Tikuji-Ni-Wadi

abstract: Tikuji-Ni-Wadi is an amusement park, water park, and a resort near Mumbai and at Thane. The amusement park includes go-karts, roller coasters, giant wheels and water park. Additionally, there is a Shiva temple and marriage halls as a part of the resort. During Shivaratri, a Shiva ice replica is made. The park remains open during the rainy season. In 2013, a realistic-looking dinosaur park was started. The park, spread over 20 acres (8.1 ha) of land, is popular for greenery and a "UFO ride". There are several other activities and attractions such as go-karting, bumper-boats, dinosaur world, 9D adventure, aquarium and farm.

text:
# Tikuji-Ni-Wadi

**Tikuji-Ni-Wadi** is an amusement park, water park, and a resort near Mumbai and at Thane. The amusement park includes go-karts, roller coasters, giant wheels and water park. Additionally, there is a Shiva temple and marriage halls as a part of the resort. During Shivaratri, a Shiva ice replica is made. The park remains open during the rainy season. In 2013, a realistic-looking dinosaur park was started. The park, spread over 20 acres (8.1 ha) of land, is popular for greenery and a "UFO ride". There are several other activities and attractions such as go-karting, bumper-boats, dinosaur world, 9D adventure, aquarium and farm.

Tikuji-Ni-Wadi was featured in an episode on Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah where the entire Gokuldham society members go to Tikuji-Ni-Wadi for a picnic. It has also been featured as a nightmare for many of the kids.

## InfoBox

Tikuji-Ni-Wadi
| Location | Thane, Mumbai |
| --- | --- |
| Coordinates | 19°14′13″N 72°58′10″E / 19.2370°N 72.9695°E / 19.2370; 72.9695 |
| Status | Operating |
| Opened | 1981 |
| Slogan | Altogether More Fun |
| Operating season | All |
| Website | www.tikuji-ni-wadi.com |


title: Tibtenga-Fulbé

abstract: Tibtenga-Fulbé is a village in the Nassere Department of Bam Province in northern Burkina Faso. It has a population of 162.

text:
# Tibtenga-Fulbé

**Tibtenga-Fulbé** is a village in the Nassere Department of Bam Province in northern Burkina Faso. It has a population of 162.

## InfoBox

| Tibtenga-Fulbé | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Burkina Faso |
| Region | Centre-Nord Region |
| Province | Bam Province |
| Department | Nassere Department |
| Population (2005) | |
| Total | 162 |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (GMT 0) |


title: Tibshelf Community School

abstract: Tibshelf Community School is a mixed secondary school located in Tibshelf in the English county of Derbyshire. It is a community school administered by Derbyshire County Council, and serves a catchment area of nine villages located across the districts of Bolsover and North East Derbyshire. They include Blackwell, Newton, Heath, Hilcote, Holmewood, Morton, Pilsley, Tibshelf and Westhouses. Tibshelf Community School offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils. The school relocated to new buildings during 2014.

text:
# Tibshelf Community School

**Tibshelf Community School** is a mixed secondary school located in Tibshelf in the English county of Derbyshire.

It is a community school administered by Derbyshire County Council, and serves a catchment area of nine villages located across the districts of Bolsover and North East Derbyshire. They include Blackwell, Newton, Heath, Hilcote, Holmewood, Morton, Pilsley, Tibshelf and Westhouses.

Tibshelf Community School offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils. The school relocated to new buildings during 2014.

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| Tibshelf Community School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Doe Hill Lane
Tibshelf, Derbyshire, DE55 5LZ
England | |
| Coordinates | 53°08′23″N 1°21′12″W / 53.1398°N 1.3532°W / 53.1398; -1.3532 |
| Information | |
| Type | Community school |
| Local authority | Derbyshire |
| Department for Education URN | 112949 Tables |
| Ofsted | Reports |
| Headteacher | Lucie Wainwright |
| Gender | Mixed |
| Age | 11 to 16 |
| Enrolment | 861 as of May 2022 |
| Website | http://www.tibshelf.derbyshire.sch.uk/ |


title: Ijuí River

abstract: The Ijuí River is a river of Rio Grande do Sul state in southern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Uruguay River. The name Ijuí, like many geographical names and names of topographical features in Brazil, originated from the Guarani language.

text:
# Ijuí River

The **Ijuí River** (Portuguese, **Rio Ijuí**) (Portuguese pronunciation: \[ʁiw iʒuˈi\]) is a river of Rio Grande do Sul state in southern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Uruguay River.

The name *Ijuí* (the earlier spelling *Ijuhy* is to be found in older documents and maps), like many geographical names and names of topographical features in Brazil, originated from the Guarani language.

27°58′3″S 55°20′1″W / 27.96750°S 55.33361°W / -27.96750; -55.33361

## InfoBox

| Ijuí River | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source |  |
| location | Rio Grande do Sul state |
|  | |
| Mouth |  |
| location | Uruguay River |
| Length | 541.7 km (336.6 mi) |
| Basin size | 10,724 km2 (4,141 sq mi) |


title: White-fronted tit

abstract:
The white-fronted tit is a species of bird in the family Paridae.
It is endemic to the Philippines found in the islands of Luzon and Mindanao. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# White-fronted tit

The **white-fronted tit** (***Sittiparus semilarvatus***) is a species of bird in the family Paridae. It is endemic to the Philippines found in the islands of Luzon and Mindanao. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## Description and taxonomy

EBird describes the bird as "A small, uncommon bird of lowland and foothill forest canopy and edge. Entirely dark with an obvious white mark from the forehead down between the bill and eye. Males are entirely black and females have dark brown underparts. Varies regionally, with Mindanao birds having an additional white mark in the wing. Unmistakable. Voice includes a downslurred series of three fairly high-pitched downslurred notes, "piu-piu piu". Also gives a rapid staccato trill." It is often seen in exposed branches in the canopy.

The white-fronted tit was formally described by the Italian ornithologist Tommaso Salvadori in 1865 under the binomial name *Melaniparus semilarvatus*. The species was formerly included in the genus *Parus* but was moved to *Sittiparus* when *Parus* was split into several resurrected genera following the publication of a detailed molecular phylogenetic analysis in 2013. The genus *Sittiparus* had originally been erected by the Belgium politician and naturalist Edmond de Sélys Longchamps in 1884 with the varied tit as the type species.

### Subspecies

There are three subspecies:

* *S. s. snowi* (Parkes, 1971) – north east Luzon; has white patch on the wing and less glossy appearance, females have white patches in its collar
* *S. s. semilarvatus* (Salvadori, 1865) – central and southern Luzon;
* *S. s. nehrkorni* (Blasius, W, 1890) – Mindanao; similar to snowi but an even larger white patch on wing

## Ecology and behavior

The diet of this species is not well known but it is pressumed to be an insectivore. It is usually found either alone, in pairs, in flocks of up to 10 and mixed species flocks with other small birds like Elegant tit and Stripe-headed rhabdornis.

Breeding is also poorly known. A pair was seen inspecting a nest hole in February. A fledged juvenile was seen in March and adults in breeding condition with enlarged gonads have been collected in May.

## Habitat and conservation status

IUCN has assessed this bird as near threatened. This species' main threat is habitat loss with wholesale clearance of forest habitats as a result of logging, agricultural conversion and mining activities occurring within the range.

There are no species specific conservation measures but it does occur in protected areas like Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park and Bataan National Park.

## InfoBox

| White-fronted tit | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Paridae |
| Genus: | *Sittiparus* |
| Species: | ***S. semilarvatus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Sittiparus semilarvatus***
(Salvadori, 1866) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Cyanistes semilarvatus*
*Poecile semilarvatus* | |


title: François Patriat

abstract: François Patriat is a French politician of Renaissance who has been serving as president of the party's group in the Senate since 2017. He has represented the Côte-d'Or department in the Senate since 2008. Patriat also served as Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries in 2002 and President of the Regional Council of Burgundy from 2004 until 2015. He was a member of the Socialist Party before joining La République En Marche! in 2017.

text:
# François Patriat

**François Patriat** (French pronunciation: \[fʁɑ̃swa patʁija\]; born 21 March 1943) is a French politician of Renaissance (RE, formerly LREM) who has been serving as president of the party's group in the Senate since 2017. He has represented the Côte-d'Or department in the Senate since 2008. Patriat also served as Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries in 2002 and President of the Regional Council of Burgundy from 2004 until 2015. He was a member of the Socialist Party before joining La République En Marche! in 2017.

## Early life and education

Born in Semur-en-Auxois, Côte-d'Or, Patriat graduated from École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA) in 1968.

## Political career

### Early beginnings

Patriat joined the Socialist Party (PS) in 1974 and was elected to the General Council of Côte-d'Or for the canton of Pouilly-en-Auxois in 1976, a position he retained until 2008. In 1981, he was elected to the National Assembly. In 1989, Patriat became Mayor of Chailly-sur-Armançon, an office he held until 2001.

### Ministership under Prime Minister Jospin

In 2000, Patriat was appointed Secretary of State in charge of small and medium-sized businesses, trade and crafts at the Ministry of the Economy, Finance and Industry under minister Laurent Fabius in the government of Prime Minister Lionel Jospin. In 2002, he was appointed Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries. He left office when Jean-Pierre Raffarin became prime minister.

### Regional Council of Burgundy

In the 2004 regional elections, Patriat led a list that defeated the list conducted by incumbent Regional Council President Jean-Pierre Soisson. Reelected in 2010, he left the position in 2015, before the region was merged with Franche-Comté.

Ahead of the 2012 French presidential election, Patriat publicly endorsed Dominique Strauss-Kahn as the Socialist Party's candidate.

### Member of the Senate, 2014–present

Patriat was elected to the Senate in 2008. Reelected in 2014, he joined La République En Marche! (REM) in 2017. After supporting Emmanuel Macron's successful candidacy for the presidency of the French Republic in the 2017 presidential election and rallying enough of his fellow senators to form a group affiliated with REM in the Senate, he became the new group's president.

Since November 2017, Patriat has been part of LREM's executive board under the leadership of the party's successive chairmen Christophe Castaner and Stanislas Guerini.

## InfoBox

| François Patriat | |
| --- | --- |
| Patriat in 2008 | |
|  | |
| President of the Rally of Democrats, Progressive and Independent group in the Senate | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
27 June 2017 | |
| Preceded by | *Position established* |
| Member of the French Senate for Côte-d'Or | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
1 October 2008 | |
| President of the Regional Council
of Burgundy | |
| **In office**
2 April 2004  31 December 2015 | |
| Preceded by | Jean-Pierre Soisson |
| Succeeded by | Marie-Guite Dufay (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté) |
| Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries | |
| **In office**
25 February 2002  6 May 2002 | |
| Prime Minister | Lionel Jospin |
| Preceded by | Jean Glavany |
| Succeeded by | Hervé Gaymard |
| Secretary of State for Small and medium-sized businesses, Trade and Crafts | |
| **In office**
18 October 2000  25 February 2002 | |
| Prime Minister | Lionel Jospin |
| Preceded by | Marylise Lebranchu |
| Succeeded by | Christian Pierret |
| Mayor of Chailly-sur-Armançon | |
| **In office**
17 March 1989  11 March 2001 | |
| Succeeded by | André Loizon |
| Member of the National Assembly
for Côte-d'Or | |
| **In office**
12 June 1997  18 November 2000 | |
| Preceded by | Alain Suguenot |
| Succeeded by | Jean-Claude Robert |
| Constituency | 5th |
| **In office**
2 July 1981  1 April 1993 | |
| Preceded by | Jean-Philippe Lecat |
| Succeeded by | Alain Suguenot |
| Constituency | 3rd (1981–1986)
At-large (1986–1988)
5th (1988–1993) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1943-03-21) 21 March 1943
Semur-en-Auxois, France |
| Political party | Renaissance (since 2017) |
| Other political
affiliations | Socialist Party (1974–2017) |
| Alma mater | École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort |
|  | |


title: I Just Need U

abstract: "I Just Need U" is a song by American Christian musician TobyMac. It was released as a single on January 5, 2018. The song debuted at No. 1 on the Hot Christian Songs chart, becoming his sixth No. 1 on the chart. It spent 30 weeks on the overall chart.

text:
# I Just Need U

"**I Just Need U**" (stylized as "**I just need U.**") is a song by American Christian musician TobyMac. It was released as a single on January 5, 2018. The song debuted at No. 1 on the Hot Christian Songs chart, becoming his sixth No. 1 on the chart. It spent 30 weeks on the overall chart.

## Background

On December 21, 2017, Toby posted a photo on his Instagram page revealing that he is planning on releasing a new single at the beginning of 2018. On January 1, 2018, he officially confirmed the release of the single with a tease of the cover. The song was released on January 5, 2018.

The song is about finding God rather than relying on his own strength. He wrote the song with Bryan Fowler and Finding Favour's Blake NeeSmith. He expresses how important the song means to him in an interview:

> "'I Just Need U' is where I land time and time again after my futile attempts to handle life on my own. I am a born defector learning every day that the sweetest place and the only right place for me is turning back and falling into the arms of a loving God."

In another interview with Billboard, he told about the story of the song and how it was put together:

> "\['I Just Need U'\] started in a session writing for the band Finding Favour, but they said it wasn't for them. I thought about \[it\] and began plowing through my feelings. The world tricks us into thinking certain things will fulfill us, \[but\] time and again I end up hungry. But when I look to my faith, I begin to find a permanent fulfillment. There's depth and there's soul, which is what you would expect from a seasoned artist."

## Music video

A music video for "I Just Need U" was released on March 24, 2018. The visual features Toby driving through the scenic Southern California desert. As of November 2021, the video has over 65 million views on YouTube.

## Track listing

* **Digital download**

1. "I just need U." – 3:46

* **Digital download (Capital Kings Remix)**

1. "I just need U." – 3:05

## Charts

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil) | Gold | 20,000 |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "I Just Need U" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by TobyMac | |
| from the album  *The Elements* | |
| Released | January 5, 2018 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 3:46 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) | * Kevin McKeehan * Bryan Fowler * Blake NeeSmith |
| Producer(s) | * Bryan Fowler * Kevin McKeehan |
| TobyMac singles chronology | |
| "Lights Shine Bright"
(2017) "**I Just Need U**"
(2018) "Everything"
(2018) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "I Just Need U" on YouTube | |
|  | |


abstract:
The third federal electoral district of Nayarit is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of three such districts in the state of Nayarit. It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region. Suspended in 1930,
the third district was restored as part of the 1977 political reforms and was contended again in the 1979 election; between 1930 and 1979, Nayarit comprised only two federal electoral districts.

text:
# Third federal electoral district of Nayarit

The **third federal electoral district of Nayarit** (*Distrito electoral federal 03 de Nayarit*) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of three such districts in the state of Nayarit.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

Suspended in 1930, the third district was restored as part of the 1977 political reforms and was contended again in the 1979 election; between 1930 and 1979, Nayarit comprised only two federal electoral districts.

## District territory

Under the 2022 districting plan, which will be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections, the third district the state's ten southern municipalities:

Its head town (*cabecera distrital*), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of Compostela.

## Previous districting schemes

2017–2022

Between 2017 and 2022, the first district had the same composition as in the 2022 plan.

2005–2017

Between 2005 and 2017 the district was located in the south of the state. It had the same composition as in the 2022 plan, with the addition of the municipality of San Blas. The head town was at Compostela.

1996–2005

Between 1996 and 2005 the district had the same composition as in 2005–2017, with the exception of the municipality of La Yesca, which belonged to the 2nd district.

1978–1996

The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Nayarit's seat allocation rose from two to three. The restored third district had its head town at Compostela and it comprised ten of the state's municipalities.

## Deputies returned to Congress

Third federal electoral district of Nayarit
| Election | Deputy | Party | Term | Legislature |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1916 | Juan Espinosa Bávara |  | 1916–1917 | Constituent Congress
of Querétaro |
| 1917 | José Ahumada |  | 1917–1918 | 27th Congress |
| 1918 | Juan Espinosa Bávara |  | 1918–1920 | 28th Congress |
| 1920 | Ricardo A. Álvarez |  | 1920–1922 | 29th Congress |
| 1922 | Apolonio R. Guzmán |  | 1922–1924 | 30th Congress |
| 1924 | José de la Peña |  | 1924–1926 | 31st Congress |
| 1926 | Pedro López S. |  | 1926–1928 | 32nd Congress |
| 1928 | Enrique Espinoza |  | 1928–1930 | 33rd Congress |
| *The third district was suspended between 1930 and 1979* | | | | |
| 1979 | Carlos Serafín Ramírez |  | 1979–1982 | 51st Congress |
| 1982 | Juan Medina Cervantes |  | 1982–1985 | 52nd Congress |
| 1985 | Enrique Medina Lomelí |  | 1985–1988 | 53rd Congress |
| 1988 | Olga López Castillo
Rafael Mascorro Toro |  | 1988–1991 | 54th Congress |
| 1991 | José Ramón Navarro Quintero |  | 1991–1994 | 55th Congress |
| 1994 | Liberato Montenegro Villa |  | 1994–1997 | 56th Congress |
| 1997 | Miguel Ángel Navarro Quintero |  | 1997–2000 | 57th Congress |
| 2000 | José Manuel Quintanilla Rentería |  | 2000–2003 | 58th Congress |
| 2003 | Raúl Mejía González |  | 2003–2006 | 59th Congress |
| 2006 | Sergio Sandoval Paredes |  | 2006–2009 | 60th Congress |
| 2009 | Ivideliza Reyes Hernández |  | 2009–2012 | 61st Congress |
| 2012 | Gloria Elizabeth Núñez Sánchez |  | 2012–2015 | 62nd Congress |
| 2015 | Jasmine María Bugarín Rodríguez |  | 2015–2018 | 63rd Congress |
| 2018 | Mirtha Iliana Villalvazo Amaya |  | 2018–2021 | 64th Congress |
| 2021 | Jorge Armando Ortiz Rodríguez |  | 2021–2024 | 65th Congress |
| 2024 | Jorge Armando Ortiz Rodríguez |  | 2024–2027 | 66th Congress |

1. "Memoria de la Distritación Nacional 2021-2023" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral. p. 243. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
2. "How Mexico Elects Its Leaders — The Rules". *Mexico Solidarity Project*. 31 January 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
3. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba la demarcación territorial de las cinco circunscripciones electorales plurinominales federales en que se divide el país". *Diario Oficial de la Federación*. Instituto Nacional Electoral. 27 February 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
4. "Diario Oficial de la Federación, 20 de agosto de 1928" (PDF). *Diario Oficial de la Federación*. 20 August 1928. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
5. "Artículo 52, reformas" (PDF). Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
6. Godoy, Luis. "Reelección en la Cámara de Diputados, 1917–1934" (PDF). Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
7. González Casanova, Pablo (1993). *Las Elecciones en México: evolución y perspectivas* (3 ed.). Siglo XXI. p. 219. ISBN 9789682313219. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
8. "La reforma politica de 1977". Cámara de Diputados. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
9. De la Rosa, Yared (20 February 2023). "Nueva distritación electoral le quita diputados a la CDMX y le agrega a Nuevo León". *Forbes México*. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
10. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba el proyecto de la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". *Diario Oficial de la Federación*. Instituto Nacional Electoral. 20 February 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
11. "Descriptivo de la distritacion federal: Nayarit (marzo 2017)" (PDF). *Cartografía*. Instituto Nacional Electoral. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
12. "Distritación 1996–2005 de Nayarit" (PDF). Instituto Federal Electoral. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2024. The link contains comparative maps of the 2005 and 1996 schemes.
13. Instituto Federal Electoral. "Condensado de Nayarit" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2008. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
14. "Nayarit". *División del Territorio de la República en 300 Distritos Electorales Uninominales para Elecciones Federales*. Diario Oficial de la Federación. 29 May 1978. p. 30. Retrieved 28 July 2024. The link provides a list of the municipalities covered.
15. "Lista de Diputados al Congreso Constituyente 1916–1917" (PDF). *Constitución de 1917: Multimedia*. Secretaría de Cultura. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
16. "Juan Espinosa Bávara". *Constitución 1917*. Secretaría de Cultura. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
17. "Legislatura 27" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
18. "Legislatura 28" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
19. "Legislatura 29" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
20. "Legislatura 30" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
21. "Legislatura 31" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
22. "Legislatura 32" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
23. "Legislatura 33" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
24. "Legislatura 51" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
25. "Legislatura 52" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
26. "Legislatura 53" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
27. "Legislatura 54" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
28. "Legislatura 55" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
29. "Legislatura 56" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
30. "Legislatura 57" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
31. "Legislatura 58" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
32. "Perfil: Dip. Raúl José Mejía González, LIX Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
33. "Perfil: Dip. Sergio Sandoval Paredes, LX Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
34. "Perfil: Dip. Ivideliza Reyes Hernández, LXI Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
35. "Perfil: Dip. Gloria Elizabeth Núñez Sánchez, LXII Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
36. "Perfil: Dip. Jasmine María Bugarín Rodríguez, LXIII Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
37. "Perfil: Dip. Mirtha Iliana Villalvazo Amaya, LXIV Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
38. "Perfil: Dip. Jorge Armando Ortiz Rodríguez, LXV Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
39. "Nayarit Distrito 3. Compostela". *Cómputos Distritales 2024*. INE. Retrieved 28 July 2024.
40. "Perfil: Dip. Jorge Armando Ortiz Rodríguez, LXVI Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 4 September 2024.

21°14′N 104°54′W / 21.233°N 104.900°W / 21.233; -104.900

## InfoBox

| National parties | |
| --- | --- |
| ***Current*** | |
|  | PAN |
|  | PRI |
|  | PT |
|  | PVEM |
|  | MC |
|  | Morena |
| ***Defunct or local only*** | |
|  | PLM |
|  | PNR |
|  | PRM |
|  | PP |
|  | PPS |
|  | PARM |
|  | PFCRN |
|  | Convergencia |
|  | PANAL |
|  | PSD |
|  | PES |
|  | PRD |


title: Tembagla language

abstract: Tembagla, also known as Bo-Ung (Mbo-Ung), is one of the languages spoken in the Southern Highlands province of Papua New Guinea. Geographically the people are Kaugel, but their language appears to be closer to the related Medlpa. Dialects are Ku Waru, Mara-Gomu, Miyemu (Miyem), and Tembalo (Tembaglo).

text:
# Tembagla language

**Tembagla**, also known as **Bo-Ung** (Mbo-Ung), is one of the languages spoken in the Southern Highlands province of Papua New Guinea. Geographically the people are Kaugel, but their language appears to be closer to the related Medlpa.

Dialects are Ku Waru, Mara-Gomu, Miyemu (Miyem), and Tembalo (Tembaglo).

* Bowers, Nancy; Lepi, Pundia (1975). "Kaugel Valley systems of reckoning" (PDF). *Journal of the Polynesian Society*. **84** (3): 309–324. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-04.
* The New Testament in the Mara-Gomu dialect of the Bo-Ung Language of Papua New Guinea

## InfoBox

| Bo-Ung | |
| --- | --- |
| Tembagla | |
| Native to | Papua New Guinea |
| Region | Southern Highlands Province |
| Native speakers | 41,000 (2000 census) |
| Language family | Trans–New Guinea |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | `mux` |
| *Glottolog* | `boun1245` |


title: Museo Archeologico Nazionale d'Abruzzo

abstract: Museo Archeologico Nazionale d'Abruzzo is an archaeology museum in Chieti, Abruzzo.

text:
# Museo Archeologico Nazionale d'Abruzzo

***Museo Archeologico Nazionale d'Abruzzo*** (National Archaeology Museum of Abruzzo) is an archaeology museum in Chieti, Abruzzo.

## History, location and building

The seat of the museum is the former Baron Frigerj's villa, which was built in around 1830 by the Neapolitan architect Enrico Riccio and was sold to the *comune* of Chieti. The museum was founded thanks to Valerio Cianfarani, the local *soprintendenza'*s director, and the *comune* of Chieti, which sold the Frigerj residence to the State, and was inaugurated in the presence of President of the Italian Republic Giovanni Gronchi, on 14 June 1959.

The Neoclassical building is characterized by smoothly covered brick and by windows with gables, and is surrounded by Villa comunale, Chieti's urban park. The main entrance is the former passage for the carriages to the gallery of the ground floor, which is connected to the first floor through a monumental scissor staircase supported by Doric columns.

## Collections

The National Museum Villa Frigerj contains most of the most important archaeological finds of Abruzzo from Prehistory to Late antiquity, including the *Warrior of Capestrano*, which was shown to Barack Obama during the 35th G8 summit.

In addition to the *Warrior of Capestrano*, on the ground floor are exposed Roman and pre-Roman sculptures, Roman iconographies, a numismatic collection, and the Pansa collection. The first floor is focused on the history of four ancient peoples of Abruzzo: the Vestini, the Peligni, the Carricini, and the Marrucini.

Among the artifacts exposed, there are three funerary stela with a paleosabellic inscription from Penna Sant'Andrea, aristocratic funeral beds of the cismontane Vestini people, a small bronze statue of Hercules Curinus from a sanctuary on the slopes of Mount Morrone, a monumental marble statue of Hercules from Alba Fucens, the *Stele of Guardiagrele* dated to the 7th century BC, the *Torso of Rapino* of the same age and the *Lady of Capestrano*, which is a headless female statue discovered along with the *Warrior of Capestrano*. The numismatic collection is composed by thousands of coins from the 4th century BC to the Italian unification, such as a rare golden coin bearing the face of Galba. The private collection, which was created by the lawyer and scholar Giovanni Pansa and donated in 1954, includes different bronze figures and other antiquities.

1. "Museo archeologico nazionale d'Abruzzo - Villa Frigerj" (in Italian). Ministero dei beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
2. Bigi, Raffaele (2012). *Chieti Passato, presente e... futuro* \[*Chieti Past, present and... future*\] (in Italian). Lanciano: Carabba. ISBN 978-88-6344-228-1.
3. "Description of the museum". Archaeological superintendence of Abruzzo. Retrieved 2 February 2018.

## InfoBox

Museo Archeologico Nazionale d'Abruzzo
| Museo Archeologico Nazionale d'Abruzzo | |
| --- | --- |
| Location within Abruzzo | |
| Location | Chieti |
| Coordinates | 42°20′35″N 14°09′52″E / 42.3430°N 14.1645°E / 42.3430; 14.1645 |
| Type | Archaeology museum |
| Website | www.archeoabruzzo.beniculturali.it |


title: Fairview High School (Pennsylvania)

abstract: Fairview High School is a public high school located in Fairview Township, Pennsylvania, and it is part of the Fairview School District. The school serves as the only high school in Fairview Township, and has a yearly enrollment of approximately 550-600 students. The school's mascot is the tiger and their colors are red and black.

text:
# Fairview High School (Pennsylvania)

**Fairview High School** is a public high school located in Fairview Township, Pennsylvania, and it is part of the Fairview School District. The school serves as the only high school in Fairview Township, and has a yearly enrollment of approximately 550-600 students. The school's mascot is the tiger and their colors are red and black.

## Academics

|  | Fairview (Verbal) | National (Verbal) | Fairview (Math) | National (Math) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Class of 2007 | 516 | 502 | 529 | 515 |
| Class of 2008 | 520 | 502 | 538 | 515 |
| Class of 2009 | 512 | 501 | 548 | 515 |
| Class of 2010 | 506 | 501 | 518 | 516 |
| Class of 2011 | 517 | 497 | 539 | 514 |

## Athletics

Fairview sports teams compete in PIAA District 10. Both males and females compete in many sports.

Boys' Sports

* Baseball
* Basketball
* Cheerleading
* Cross Country
* Football
* Golf
* Lacrosse
* Soccer
* Swimming and Diving
* Tennis
* Track and Field

Girls' Sports

* Basketball
* Cheerleading
* Cross Country
* Golf
* Lacrosse
* Soccer
* Softball
* Swimming and Diving
* Tennis
* Track and Field
* Volleyball
* Water Polo

## Notable students and alumni

## InfoBox

| Fairview High School | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 7460 McCray Road
Fairview, (Erie County), Pennsylvania 16415
United States | |
| Coordinates | 42°01′17″N 80°14′46″W / 42.0214°N 80.2462°W / 42.0214; -80.2462 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public high school |
| Established | 1973 (1973) |
| School district | Fairview School District |
| Principal | Luke Beall |
| Staff | 85 |
| Teaching staff | 53.95 (FTE) |
| Grades | -12 |
| Enrollment | 588 (2022–2023) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 10.90 |
| Hours in school day | 7 hours |
| Color(s) | Black and Red |
| Athletics conference | PIAA |
| Mascot | Tiger |
| Team name | The Fairview Tigers |
| Accreditation | Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools |
| Yearbook | *Challenge* |
| Website | fairviewschools.org/high\_school |


title: François Pellegrin

abstract:
François Pellegrin was a French botanist, who specialised in the plants of tropical Africa. He published some 623 plant names, and has been honoured in the specific epithets of many plant species, such as, for example, Bikinia pellegrinii, Euphorbia pellegrinii, Hymenostegia pellegrinii, Polyceratocarpus pellegrinii, and Sericanthe pellegrinii.
He was also honoured in 1935 by botanist Hermann Otto Sleumer who published Pellegrinia, a genus of flowering plants from south America, belonging to the family Ericaceae.

text:
# François Pellegrin

**François Pellegrin** (25 September 1881, in Paris's 6e arrondissement – 9 April 1965, in the Hôpital Bichat in the 18e arrondissement) was a French botanist, who specialised in the plants of tropical Africa.

He published some 623 plant names, and has been honoured in the specific epithets of many plant species, such as, for example, *Bikinia pellegrinii*, *Euphorbia pellegrinii*, *Hymenostegia pellegrinii*, *Polyceratocarpus pellegrinii*, and *Sericanthe pellegrinii*. He was also honoured in 1935 by botanist Hermann Otto Sleumer who published *Pellegrinia*, a genus of flowering plants from south America, belonging to the family Ericaceae.

The standard author abbreviation Pellegr. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

## Biography

He studied under Bureau and van Tieghem, and by 1912 had presented his thesis for his doctorate and become an assistant to Professor Paul Henri Lecomte, when war broke out in 1914. In 1914 he was gravely wounded, taken prisoner by the Germans, and after several months "returned" under the requirement to live in a neutral country. Thus, in Switzerland, at the University of Geneva and at the Botanical conservatory, under the professors Robert Hippolyte Chodat and John Isaac Briquet, he returned to his botanical research.

## Selected publications

## InfoBox

| François Pellegrin | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 25 September 1881
Paris
6e arrondissement |
| Died | 9 April 1965(1965-04-09) (aged 83)
Paris
18e arrondissement |
| Nationality | French |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Botany |
| Author abbrev. (botany) | Pellegr. |
|  | |


title: Fraser Valley West

abstract:
Fraser Valley West was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1997. This riding was created in 1966 from parts of Burnaby—Coquitlam, Fraser Valley, New Westminster and Coast—Capilano ridings. It was abolished in 1996 when it was merged into Langley—Matsqui riding. It consisted initially of the western part of Matsqui District Municipality and including Crescent Island in the Central Fraser Valley Regional District and part of Surrey District Municipality. In 1987, it was redefined to consist of:
  - the City of Langley;
  - the northeastern part of Langley District Municipality, lying north and east of the City of Langley, the Fraser Highway and 240th Street; and
  - the northwestern part of Matsqui District Municipality, lying north and west of Matsqui Power Railway right-of-way, and the south boundary of Matsqui District Municipality.

text:
# Fraser Valley West

**Fraser Valley West** was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1997.

This riding was created in 1966 from parts of Burnaby—Coquitlam, Fraser Valley, New Westminster and Coast—Capilano ridings.

It was abolished in 1996 when it was merged into Langley—Matsqui riding.

It consisted initially of the western part of Matsqui District Municipality and including Crescent Island in the Central Fraser Valley Regional District and part of Surrey District Municipality.

In 1987, it was redefined to consist of:

* the City of Langley;
* the northeastern part of Langley District Municipality, lying north and east of the City of Langley, the Fraser Highway and 240th Street; and
* the northwestern part of Matsqui District Municipality, lying north and west of Matsqui Power Railway right-of-way, and the south boundary of Matsqui District Municipality.

## Members of Parliament

This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

| Parliament | Years | Member | | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ***Riding created from* Burnaby—Coquitlam, Fraser Valley<br>New Westminster *and* Coast—Capilano** | | | | |
| 28th | 1968–1972 |  | Mark Rose | New Democratic |
| 29th | 1972–1974 | | | |
| 30th | 1974–1979 |  | Robert Wenman | Progressive Conservative |
| 31st | 1979–1980 | | | |
| 32nd | 1980–1984 | | | |
| 33rd | 1984–1988 | | | |
| 34th | 1988–1993 | | | |
| 35th | 1993–1997 |  | Randy White | Reform |
| ***Riding dissolved into* Langley—Mastqui** | | | | |

## Election results

| 1993 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Reform | Randy White | 30,310 | 49.06 | +45.55 |
|  | Liberal | Peter Warkentin | 18,289 | 29.60 | +10.00 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Donald Lyle Nundal | 6,956 | 11.26 | -34.58 |
|  | New Democratic | Lynn Fairall | 3,210 | 5.20 | -20.43 |
|  | National | Robert J. Billyard | 1,279 | 2.07 |  |
|  | Christian Heritage | Edward John van Woudenberg | 1,028 | 1.66 | -3.06 |
|  | Natural Law | Terry Scarff | 331 | 0.54 |  |
|  | Libertarian | Lewis C. Dahlby | 247 | 0.40 | -0.30 |
|  | Independent | Conan Nagle | 132 | 0.21 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 61,782 | 100.0 |
|  | Reform **gain** from Progressive Conservative | | Swing | | +17.78 |

| 1988 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Robert L. Wenman | 23,565 | 45.84 | -8.88 |
|  | New Democratic | Lynn Fairall | 13,178 | 25.63 | -4.60 |
|  | Liberal | Tony Wattie | 10,079 | 19.60 | +6.90 |
|  | Christian Heritage | Edward John van Woudenberg | 2,428 | 4.72 |  |
|  | Reform | John Russell Walsh | 1,804 | 3.51 |  |
|  | Libertarian | J. Wayne Marsden | 358 | 0.70 | +0.06 |
| Total valid votes | | | 51,412 | 100.0 |
|  | Progressive Conservative **hold** | | Swing | | -2.14 |

| 1984 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Robert Lloyd Wenman | 35,984 | 54.72 | +4.10 |
|  | New Democratic | Joe Leclair | 19,878 | 30.23 | -2.32 |
|  | Liberal | Don McKinnon | 8,349 | 12.70 | -3.96 |
|  | Rhinoceros | Earl Slick | 474 | 0.72 |  |
|  | Libertarian | Martin MacDonald | 420 | 0.64 |  |
|  | Green | Allan Hurd | 277 | 0.42 |  |
|  | Confederation of Regions | Lenard M. Smith | 180 | 0.27 |  |
|  | Communist | Viola M. Swann | 103 | 0.16 |  |
|  | Not affiliated | Donald I. Knight | 94 | 0.14 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 65,759 | 100.0 |
|  | Progressive Conservative **hold** | | Swing | | +3.21 |

| 1980 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Robert L. Wenman | 25,770 | 50.62 | -3.59 |
|  | New Democratic | Joe Leclair | 16,568 | 32.55 | +1.66 |
|  | Liberal | Ben B.M. Nowak | 8,483 | 16.66 | +2.07 |
|  | Marxist–Leninist | Sweg Deol | 83 | 0.16 | +0.04 |
| Total valid votes | | | 50,904 | 100.0 |
|  | Progressive Conservative **hold** | | Swing | | -2.62 |

| 1979 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Robert L. Wenman | 26,892 | 54.21 | +12.82 |
|  | New Democratic | Cyril Barkved | 15,322 | 30.89 | -1.13 |
|  | Liberal | Roland J. Bouwman | 7,235 | 14.59 | -9.16 |
|  | Communist | Vi Swann | 94 | 0.19 | -0.18 |
|  | Marxist–Leninist | Kirpal Bains | 62 | 0.12 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 49,605 | 100.0 |
|  | Progressive Conservative **hold** | | Swing | | +6.98 |

| 1974 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Robert L. Wenman | 22,925 | 41.39 | +10.18 |
|  | New Democratic | Mark Rose | 17,732 | 32.02 | -15.46 |
|  | Liberal | Ralph Gordon Baizley | 13,152 | 23.75 | +3.02 |
|  | Social Credit | Edward Hibbs | 1,205 | 2.18 |  |
|  | Communist | Harold J. Pritchett | 204 | 0.37 |  |
|  | Independent | Ronald William Jackson | 167 | 0.30 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 55,385 | 100.0 |
|  | Progressive Conservative **gain** from New Democratic | | Swing | | +12.82 |

| 1972 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | New Democratic | Mark Rose | 22,612 | 47.48 | +7.87 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Trevor Armstrong | 14,863 | 31.21 | +17.47 |
|  | Liberal | Oscar Austring | 9,870 | 20.73 | -16.06 |
|  | Independent | Dave Charles Kane | 275 | 0.58 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 47,620 | 100.0 |
|  | New Democratic **hold** | | Swing | | -4.80 |

| 1968 Canadian federal election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | New Democratic | Mark Rose | 14,410 | 39.61 |
|  | Liberal | Edward Patrick Murphy | 13,745 | 36.79 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Warren Lohnes | 4,997 | 13.74 |
|  | Social Credit | Bert Price | 3,224 | 8.86 |
| Total valid votes | | | 36,376 | 100.0 |
| This riding was created from parts of Burnaby—Coquitlam, Fraser Valley and New Westminster, which elected two New Democrats and a Social Credit (Fraser Valley) in the previous election. | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

Fraser Valley West
| British Columbia electoral district | |
| --- | --- |
| Defunct federal electoral district | |
| Legislature | House of Commons |
| District created | 1966 |
| District abolished | 1996 |
| First contested | 1968 |
| Last contested | 1993 |


title: Fred Rutten

abstract: Fredericus Jacobus Rutten is a Dutch football coach and former player. As a player, he spent his entire career with Twente during the years 1979 to 1992. Following his playing career, Rutten also managed Twente, before moving on to clubs like Schalke 04, PSV Eindhoven, SBV Vitesse, Feyenoord, Al Shabab, Maccabi Haifa and more recently Anderlecht.

text:
# Fred Rutten

**Fredericus Jacobus Rutten** (Dutch pronunciation: \[freːdəˈrikʏ ɕaːˈkoːbʏs frɛt ˈrʏtə(n)\]; born 5 December 1962) is a Dutch football coach and former player. As a player, he spent his entire career with Twente during the years 1979 to 1992. Following his playing career, Rutten also managed Twente, before moving on to clubs like Schalke 04, PSV Eindhoven, SBV Vitesse, Feyenoord, Al Shabab, Maccabi Haifa and more recently Anderlecht.

## Coaching career

Rutten has managed Twente (assistant manager, manager and technical director) and PSV Eindhoven (youth coach and assistant manager). In the summer of 2008, he took over as head coach of Bundesliga club Schalke 04. On 26 March 2009, Rutten was sacked as Schalke manager.

On 17 April 2009, Rutten signed a contract as the new manager of PSV Eindhoven, for the season 2009–10. During the 2009–10 competition Rutten's side remained undefeated for 39 consecutive games. On 12 March 2012, Rutten was sacked as PSV manager following losses to Twente (2–6) and NAC (3–1) in the Eredivisie and to Valencia (4–2) in the Europa League.

The following season Rutten served as head coach of Vitesse where John van den Brom had been head coach before moving to Belgian side Anderlecht. Rutten left Vitesse after the 2012-13 Eredivisie season, finishing in fourth place. On 3 March 2014, Feyenoord released a statement confirming they had hired Rutten as their new head coach for the 2014-15 Eredivisie season. On 2 March 2015, Feyenoord announced that Rutten had decided not to extend his one-year contract, meaning he would leave the club at the end of the season.

Feyenoord reached the knockout stage of the Europa League for the first time since 2004 with Rutten as head coach. On 17 May 2015, Feyenoord fired Rutten as head coach effective immediately after a 3–0 loss against PEC Zwolle, causing Feyenoord to finish 4th in the Eredivisie and missing out on directly qualifying for the Europa League.

Rutten then had brief spells in the Middle East at Al Shabab and Maccabi Haifa. On 6 January 2019, he became head coach of Anderlecht. However, on 16 April, he was already fired after only 13 matches.

On 20 May 2022 PSV confirmed that Rutten would return for the 2022-23 season as an assistant under head coach Ruud van Nistelrooy.

## Honours

### Manager

**Club**

**Individual**

## Managerial statistics

*As of 12 April 2019*

| Club | Games | Win | Draw | Lose | Win % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Twente** | 75 | 39 | 22 | 14 | 52.00% |
| **Schalke 04** | 37 | 16 | 9 | 12 | 43.24% |
| **PSV** | 142 | 91 | 33 | 18 | 64.08% |
| **Vitesse** | 41 | 23 | 8 | 10 | 56.09% |
| **Feyenoord** | 45 | 22 | 10 | 13 | 48.89% |
| **Al Shabab** | 15 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 33.33% |
| **Maccabi Haifa** | 25 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 32.00% |
| **Anderlecht** | 13 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 38.46% |
| Total | 393 | 209 | 98 | 87 | 53.18% |

## InfoBox

Fred Rutten
| Rutten in 2014 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Fredericus Jacobus Rutten | | |
| Date of birth | (1962-12-05) 5 December 1962 | | |
| Place of birth | Wijchen, Netherlands | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1979–1992 | Twente | 317 | (11) |
| International career | | | |
| 1988 | Netherlands | 1 | (0) |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 1999–2001 | Twente | | |
| 2002–2006 | PSV (assistant) | | |
| 2006–2008 | Twente | | |
| 2008–2009 | Schalke 04 | | |
| 2009–2012 | PSV | | |
| 2012–2013 | Vitesse | | |
| 2014–2015 | Feyenoord | | |
| 2016–2017 | Al Shabab | | |
| 2018 | Maccabi Haifa | | |
| 2019 | Anderlecht | | |
| 2022–2023 | PSV (assistant) | | |
| 2023 | PSV (caretaker) | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Thout 2

abstract: Thout 1 – Coptic calendar – Thout 3 The second day of the Coptic month of Thout, the first month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to August 30, of the Julian calendar, and September 12, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation.

text:
# Thout 2

Thout 1Coptic calendarThout 3

The second day of the Coptic month of Thout, the first month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to August 30, of the Julian calendar, and September 12, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation.

## Commemorations

### Feasts

* Coptic New Year period

### Saints

1. "Coptic Reader".
2. "Tout 2 : Lives of Saints : Synaxarium". *CopticChurch.net*. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
3. "st-takla.org". *St-Takla.org*. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
4. *Coptic Synaxarium* (PDF). Saint George Coptic Orthodox Church. 1995.


title: Thout 16

abstract: Thout 15 – Coptic calendar – Thout 17 The sixteenth day of the Coptic month of Thout, the first month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to September 13, of the Julian calendar, and September 26, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation.

text:
# Thout 16

Thout 15Coptic calendarThout 17

The sixteenth day of the Coptic month of Thout, the first month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to September 13, of the Julian calendar, and September 26, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation.

## Commemorations

### Feasts

* Coptic New Year period

### Other commemorations

1. Synaxarion, Thoout 16, Coptic Reader.
2. "Tout 16 : Lives of Saints : Synaxarium". *CopticChurch.net*. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
3. "st-takla.org". *St-Takla.org*. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
4. *Coptic Synaxarium* (PDF). Saint George Coptic Orthodox Church. 1995.