title: Inside Mr Enderby

abstract: Inside Mr Enderby is the first volume of the Enderby series, a quartet of comic novels by the British author Anthony Burgess. The book was first published in 1963 in London by William Heinemann under the pseudonym Joseph Kell. The series began with the publication in 1963 of Inside Mr. Enderby, continued in 1968 with Enderby Outside and 1974 with The Clockwork Testament, or Enderby's End, and concluded after a ten-year break in 1984 with Enderby's Dark Lady, or No End to Enderby. Some of the poems included in the novel were later published in the collection Revolutionary Sonnets and Other Poems.

text:
# Inside Mr Enderby

***Inside Mr Enderby*** is the first volume of the Enderby series, a quartet of comic novels by the British author Anthony Burgess.

The book was first published in 1963 in London by William Heinemann under the pseudonym Joseph Kell. The series began with the publication in 1963 of *Inside Mr. Enderby*, continued in 1968 with *Enderby Outside* and 1974 with *The Clockwork Testament, or Enderby's End*, and concluded after a ten-year break in 1984 with *Enderby's Dark Lady, or No End to Enderby*. Some of the poems included in the novel were later published in the collection *Revolutionary Sonnets and Other Poems*.

## Plot summary

The story opens on a note of pure fantasy, showing school children from the future taking a field trip through time to see the dyspeptic poet **Francis Xavier Enderby** while he is asleep. Enderby, a lapsed Catholic in his mid-40s, lives alone in Brighton as a "professional" poet - his income being interest from investments left to him by his stepmother.

Enderby composes his poems while he sits on the toilet. His bathtub, which serves as a filing cabinet, is almost full of the mingled paper and food scraps that represent his efforts. Although he is recognised as a minor poet with several published works (and is even awarded a small prize, the Goodby Gold Medal, which he refuses), he has yet to be anthologised.

He is persuaded to leave his lonely but poetically fruitful bachelor life by **Vesta Bainbridge**, the editor of a woman's magazine, after he accidentally sends her a love poem instead of a complaint about a recipe in her magazine. The marriage, which soon ends, costs Enderby dearly, alienating him from his muse and depriving him of his financial independence.

Months pass, and Enderby is able to write only one more poem. After spending what remains of his capital, he attempts suicide with an overdose of aspirin, experiencing visions of his stepmother as he nears death. His cries of horror bring help, and he regains consciousness in a mental institution, where the doctors persuade him to renounce his old, "immature" poetry-writing self. Rechristened "Piggy Hogg", he looks forward contentedly to a new career as a bartender.

## Criticism

Anthony Burgess wrote a review of Joseph Kell's book for the *Yorkshire Post*. "\[W\]hen the editor sent him the author's novel Burgess thought it was a practical joke, but it wasn't." When the paper found out that Kell was one of Burgess's pen names, Burgess was removed from his reviewing duties.

Anatole Broyard of *The New York Times* wrote:

> "Mr. Burgess is so fond of Enderby — by far his best creation — that he has devoted four books to him: *Inside Mr. Enderby* and *Enderby Outside,* which were published in 1968, *The Clockwork Testament* in 1975, and now, *Enderby's Dark Lady.*"

Harold Bloom has nominated the novel as one of his candidates for "the most undervalued English novel of our era".

## Reviews

## Release details

* 1963, UK, William Heinemann (ISBN B0000CLQ13), Pub Date ? ? 1970, Hardback
* 1984, US, Mcgraw-Hill (ISBN 0-07-008973-6), Pub Date April ? 1984, Hardback
* 1984, US, Mcgraw-Hill (ISBN 0-07-008970-1), Pub Date ? ? 1984, Paperback
* 1996, US, Carroll & Graf Publishers (ISBN 0-7867-0248-6), Pub Date January ? 1996, Hardback (complete Enderby series)

## Footnotes

## Sources, references, external links, quotations

## InfoBox

Inside Mr. Enderby
| First edition cover | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Anthony Burgess (as Joseph Kell) |
| Language | English |
| Series | Enderby |
| Genre | Comic novel |
| Publisher | William Heinemann |
| Publication date | 1963 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print (Hardcover) |
| Pages | 253 (Hardcover edition) |
| ISBN | 0-434-38700-2 (later hardcover edition) |
| OCLC | 3074084 |
| Dewey Decimal | 823/.9/14 |
| LC Class | PZ4.B953 In 1975 PR6052.U638 |
| Followed by | *Enderby Outside* |


title: The Mackay School

abstract: The Mackay School, a Chilean school located in Reñaca, Region of Valparaiso, Chile. Of Scottish origin; it was founded in 1857 by Scottish immigrants. It is considered one of the best academic institutions in the Valparaiso region. Currently it only educates male students.

text:
# The Mackay School

**The Mackay School**, a Chilean school located in Reñaca, Region of Valparaiso, Chile. Of Scottish origin; it was founded in 1857 by Scottish immigrants. It is considered one of the best academic institutions in the Valparaiso region. Currently it only educates male students.

## History

The Mackay School was founded in 1857 by Peter Mackay as The Valparaíso Artizan School, with the aim to make available quality education for the children of English, American and especially Scottish craftsmen of limited resources who worked in the factories and railroads of Valparaíso during the middle of the 19th century.

The school was first located in the "Cerro Alegre" area of Valparaíso. One of the founders of the school was Scot Peter Mackay, who was also the first headmaster. The school had a spectacular welcome, showing why more teachers were needed. One that arrived to reinforce Mackay was George Sutherland. By 1866, the institution counted with more than 140 students. Another educator that arrived was Thomas Somerscales, who was contracted as an arts teacher. Until then, only students who spoke English were accepted. But this tradition would be broken in 1871, when opening the first course for Chilean children who did not speak the English language.

## Others

The purpose of creating the school was to provide a suitable education for the children of the English, the American and especially for those of the Scottish craftsmen who worked in the railway workshops in Valparaíso during the midst of the 19th century. Then, "The Valparaíso Artizian School Society" was put together.

Mr. Peter Mackay, a teacher in Glasgow, Scotland, accepted the post of headmaster and moved to Valparaíso, arriving on 8 October in the year 1857. As the school grew in number, an assistant teacher was required. Mr. George Sutherland arrived to Valparaíso from the "Moray House Training College", Edinburgh.

Towards the year 1866, the school’s average student number was 180. Mr. Thomas Somerscales was hired as an Arts teacher and he taught for almost 20 years. Parallel to his job at the school, he taught private lessons of painting and drawing. It was not until 1871 that the first class for Chilean students, with no knowledge of English, was opened.

## Notable alumni

https://books.google.com/books?id=MppYDwAAQBAJ&dq=English+athletic+mackay+and+sutherland+school&pg=PT99

33°58′25″S 71°32′10″W / 33.97361°S 71.53611°W / -33.97361; -71.53611


title: HMS Success (1781)

abstract: HMS Success was a 32-gun Amazon-class fifth-rate frigate of the British Royal Navy launched in 1781, which served during the American Revolutionary, French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. The French captured her in the Mediterranean on 13 February 1801, but she was recaptured by the British on 2 September. She continued to serve in the Mediterranean until 1811, and in North America until hulked in 1814, then serving as a prison ship and powder hulk, before being broken up in 1820.

text:
# HMS Success (1781)

**HMS *Success*** was a 32-gun *Amazon*-class fifth-rate frigate of the British Royal Navy launched in 1781, which served during the American Revolutionary, French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. The French captured her in the Mediterranean on 13 February 1801, but she was recaptured by the British on 2 September. She continued to serve in the Mediterranean until 1811, and in North America until hulked in 1814, then serving as a prison ship and powder hulk, before being broken up in 1820.

## Ship history

The ship, based on a design by Sir John Williams, Surveyor of the Navy, was ordered by the Admiralty on 22 February 1779, and built at Liverpool by John Sutton, being laid down on 8 May 1779, and launched 10 April 1781.

### Service in the American War

*Success* was commissioned in March 1781 under the command of Captain Charles Morice Pole, to serve in the American Revolutionary War, where she made several captures. The first, on 12 August 1781, was in company with *Daphne*, when they took the Spanish merchant ship *St. Sebastian*. Then, on 2 October, *Success*, *Daphne*, and the cutter *Cruizer*, captured the French privateer *Eclair*. The following year, in the action of 16 March 1782, while escorting the storeship *Vernon* to Gibraltar, *Success* fought, captured, and burned the 34-gun Spanish frigate *Santa Catalina* off Cape Spartel. On 20 June 1782 she sailed with a convoy for Jamaica, and on 3 October 1782 *Success* and the cutter *Pigmy* captured the ship *Vrouw Margaretha*. *Success* was paid off in November 1783, following the end of the war.

### Service in the wars against France

She remained in ordinary until November 1790 when a "great repair" began at Gravesend, which was not completed until December 1792, at a cost of £15,938, just in time for the beginning of the French Revolutionary Wars. She then began fitting out at Chatham Dockyard, where she was recommissioned in February 1793 under the command of Captain Francis Roberts, and was ready for sea by April.

On 25 August she sailed for the Caribbean, where Roberts died the following year, and on 1 September 1794 the notorious Captain Hugh Pigot was appointed to command her.

She captured the French brig *Poisson Volant* on 30 September 1795. During captain Pigot's tenure, HMS *Success* was routinely tasked with safely convoying merchant vessels. During this nine month period, Pigot ordered at least 85 floggings, the equivalent of half the crew;subsequently two of these men died from their injuries. Author Dudley Pope has pointed out, that beyond the frequency of flogging, was Captain Pigot's "complete lack of balance". He noted for example, in April 1795 a seaman on HMS *Success*, was given twenty four lashes, for mutiny, one of the worst offenses in the Royal Navy, apart from murder or treason, yet three sailors in the same month, were given twenty four lashes for drunkenness, one of the most common infractions. Like many vessels in the Royal Navy, HMS *Success* became increasingly dependent on "pressed men" or forcible recruitment. For example, the ship log for August 1795 noted on 28 August "impressed 19 men" and again on 29 August 1795 "Boats employed on impress service - impressed 27 men."

On 1 July 1796 while guarding a convoy, the *Success* collided with American brig *Mercury.* Captain Pigot became angered over what he considered the negligence of the American vessel, and its captain William Jessup. When Jessup claimed HMS *Success* was at fault, Pigot became outraged and had his boatswain mate strip Jessup to the waist and flog the American. This hasty action quickly led to an international incident. Although captain Pigot was cleared by a court of inquiry of any wrongdoing, the Admiralty to mollify American opinion, decided to exchange captain Pigot, with the commanding officer of HMS *Hermione* captain Phillip Wilkinson.

From February 1797 the *Success* was commanded by captain Wilkinson, first serving in the English Channel and in the blockade of Cádiz. She recaptured the brig *Providence* on 24 September 1797 and shared with *Indefatigable* and *Cambrian* in the capture on 16 January 1798 of the 8-gun French privateer *Inconceivable*. On 2 June 1798 she sailed for North America, being part of the squadron that captured the *Yonge Sybrandt* on 12 June 1798.

In May 1799 Captain Shuldham Peard took command of *Success*, and was sent to serve in the Mediterranean. On 9 June of that year, *Success* was off Cap de Creus, when Peard spotted a polacca to the north-west. He gave chase, but the vessel took refuge in the harbour of El Port de la Selva, so he sent in his boats to cut her out. After a fierce action, in which *Success* suffered three killed and nine badly wounded, she proved to be the *Bella Aurora*, sailing from Genoa to Barcelona with a cargo of cotton, silk and rice, and armed with 10 guns, all 9- or 6-pounders. In his report Peard pointed out that the attack had been carried out in broad daylight by only 43 men against a vessel crewed by 113, protected by boarding netting, and supported from the shore by a small gun battery and a large number of men with muskets. Subsequently, in 1847, a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal marked "9 June 1799" awarded to any surviving members of the action who applied for it. Shortly after, *Success* was one of the fleet, part of which fought the action of 18 June 1799, in which three French frigates and two brigs were captured.

*Success* was then employed on the blockade of Malta, during which, on 18 February 1800, she played a crucial role in the capture of the French 74 *Généreux*, flagship of Rear-Admiral Perrée, Commander-in-Chief of the French naval forces in the Mediterranean, by raking her several times, before she was captured by the ships of the line *Foudroyant* and *Northumberland*. *Success* made several subsequent captures during the siege. On 28 April 1800 she took the French polacca *La Bellone*, from Valletta bound for Marseille, laden with cotton. On 25 June she captured the French aviso *Entreprenant* (or *Intraprenant*), under the command of *Enseigne* Louis Podesta, with four guns and a crew of 36 men, carrying provisions from Santa Messa to Valletta. The next day *Success* captured another aviso, *Redoutable*, under *Enseigne* Jean Pierre Louis Barallier, with the same armament, establishment, and mission as *Entreprenant*. Unfortunately for *Success*, she had to share the prize money with a large number of other British warships. The same day she captured the French felucca *Fortune*, which was apparently unarmed, but carrying provisions on the same route as the two avisos. During the night of 24 August, two French frigates, *Justice* and *Diane*, sailed from Valletta harbour, in an attempt to evade the British blockade. However they were seen and pursued, and after chase of several hours, and a running fight with *Success*, the *Diane* surrendered to her, *Généreux* and *Northumberland*. She mounted 42 guns, 18- and 9-pounders, but had a crew of only 114, having left the rest onshore as part of the garrison. *Justice*, however, escaped under cover of darkness. Finally, on 5 February 1801 she captured the Spanish felucca *La Virgen del Rosario*.

### Capture and service in the French Navy

On 9 February 1801, while in the Bay of Gibraltar, Peard observed seven French ships of the line and two frigates, entering the Mediterranean, which he correctly assumed were bound for Egypt to relieve the French army there. Peard set sail in pursuit, intending to overtake them and find Lord Keith, the naval commander-in-chief, to inform him of their location. He caught up with the French squadron off Cape de Gata, and sailed past them during the night. For the next two days the French remained in sight at a distance. A fresh breeze sprang up during the night of the 12th, and Peard attempted to outdistance them, but discovered the French close by the next morning. They gave chase, and Peard set a course west hoping to encounter pursuing British ships. However at noon the wind fell, and the two French frigates crept closer. At 3 p.m. the French opened fire, and Peard, realising that his situation was hopeless, surrendered. When interrogated, Peard falsely claimed that British forces had landed on the coast of Egypt (which did not occur until 8 March), and that Rear-Admiral Sir John Borlase Warren, with a powerful squadron, was close by and in pursuit. Ganteaume changed course, and his squadron arrived at Toulon six days later, where Peard and his officers were promptly exchanged, arriving at Port Mahon by cartel on 26 February.

*Success* was subsequently commissioned into the French Navy as *Succès*. In July, under the command of *Capitaine de frégate* Jacques-François-Ignace Bretel, she sailed with the frigates *Bravoure* and *Carrère* from Toulon to Elba. On the voyage back, *Carrère* was captured on 3 August, while *Bravoure* and *Succès* escaped.

In September 1801, the British frigate *Minerve* was stationed off Elba. Early on 2 September she alerted *Phoenix*, which was anchored off Piombino, to the presence of two French frigates nearby. *Phoenix* and *Minerve* set out in pursuit and *Pomone* soon came up and joined them. *Pomone* re-captured *Success* while *Minerve* ran the 46-gun French frigate *Bravoure* onshore, with her crew of 283 men under the command of Monsieur Dordelin. *Bravoure* lost her masts and was totally wrecked; she struck without a shot being fired. *Minerve* took off a number of prisoners, including Dordelin and his officers, in her boats. With enemy fire from the shore and with night coming on, Captain Cockburn of *Minerve* decided to halt the evacuation of prisoners; he therefore was unwilling to set *Bravoure* on fire because some of her crew remained on board. Bretel was court-martialed for the loss of his ship, and acquitted on 10 December 1801.

### Return to British service

By December 1801 *Success* was back in commission, under the command of Captain George Burlton, but was paid off following the signing of the peace treaty between Britain and France in March 1802. The peace did not last long, with Britain declaring war on France in May 1803. *Success*, following a refit at Portsmouth Dockyard, was recommissioned in August 1804 under the command of Captain George Scott, formerly of *Stately*, who commanded her until 13 March 1806, while stationed in the Caribbean.

On 18 April 1806, Captain John Ayscough assumed command of *Success*. Early on 20 November 1806, while just east of Guantánamo Bay (known as Cumberland Harbour to the British), Ayscough observed a felucca running into Hidden Port. He sent the ship's barge and yawl in pursuit, but on reaching the shore they discovered that about 50 armed men had landed from the felucca, which was lashed to a tree, and had taken a position at the top of a small hill overlooking the beach, upon which they had mounted a single long gun. They fired grape and ball down on the British, killing the First Lieutenant, Mr. Duke, with their first volley. The British withstood the enemy fire for an hour and twenty minutes, suffering seven more men wounded, and having the barge shot through in several places before Lieutenant Spence, then in command, deemed any attempt on the hill a useless sacrifice, so ordered the enemy ship to be towed out, which was achieved under heavy fire. She proved to be the French privateer *Vengeur*, which had sailed from Santo Domingo on 1 October, but being badly damaged she sank while under tow.

*Success* returned to England, escorting a convoy, at the end of the year, and was for several months employed in the blockade of Le Havre. On 21 October 1807 *Success*, *Resistance* and the cutter *Sprightly*, captured the French sloop *Adelaide*. Sir Samuel Hood then requested *Success* join his squadron in an expedition to Madeira in December 1807, where troops under Major-General William Beresford landed without opposition on 24 December, and after two days the Portuguese authorities capitulated. After returning to England with Hood's despatches, *Success* and the 48-gun frigate *Loire*, under Captain Alexander Wilmot Schomberg, were sent to patrol the seas around Greenland on fishery protection duties, venturing north of Svalbard, and reaching as far as 77° 30' North. In mid-1808 she embarked the Turkish Ambassador and his suite, together with the Earl of Roden, and sailed to the Mediterranean, escorting a convoy of merchantmen.

In March 1809 she sailed from Malta to Portsmouth carrying two Austrian messengers with dispatches, making the voyage in 23 days. She then returned to the Mediterranean in April with a convoy.

In early June 1809 *Success* took part in a joint expedition against Murat in Naples, from Sicily, led by Lieutenant-General John Stuart, with Rear Admiral George Martin commanding the naval forces. This operation was mounted to relieve the hard-pressed Austrians during the War of the Fifth Coalition, by capturing the islands of Ischia and Procida in the Gulf of Naples. The expedition sailed from Milazzo on 11 June, with a detachment under Lieutenant-Colonel Smith successfully attacking enemy positions in the Strait of Messina. On 25 June British troops, commanded by Major-General Robert Henry MacFarlane, landed on the island of Ischia supported by cannon fire from *Warrior* and *Success*, and British and Sicilian gun-boats. Captain Ayscough landed with the troops, but finding little to do on shore returned to his ship where he engaged the enemy's batteries, and succeeded in destroying several gun-boats. The British captured several coastal batteries and about 300 men, but the main body of the enemy under General Colonna, held out in the *Castello Aragonese* until 30 June before eventually surrendering. In total 1,500 men were taken prisoner, and almost 100 guns and their stores were captured. On 26 June 1809 gunboats under Ayscough's direction assisted *Cyane* in the capture and destruction of 18 armed gun-boats which were attempting to reach Naples from Gaeta.

On 30 July 1809 she captured two French privateers off the island of Kythira, one mounting nine carriage-guns and four swivels and a crew of 78, the other one gun and 20 men. In November 1809 *Success* conveyed the Turkish Ambassador and his suite from Smyrna to Malta.

On 4 April 1810, while off Falerna, Ayscough observed two 100-ton settees being loaded on the beach. He immediately sent the ship's boats under the command of Lieutenant George Sartorius, accompanied by the boats of *Espoir*, under the command of Lieutenant Robert Oliver. Unfortunately three of the boats were swamped close to shore when they struck a hidden reef, and two men from *Espoir* were lost. The rest of the men swam ashore, but their powder now being wet, were only armed with cutlasses. The British came under fire from two long 6-pounders concealed behind some rocks, but nevertheless drove off the enemy, spiked the guns and set the ships on fire, before righting their boats and returning to the ships for the loss of only two men killed. Later, on 20 April, two sloops were captured and scuttled off Ischia.

On 25 April 1810, *Success* in company with the frigate *Spartan*, Captain Jahleel Brenton, and the brig-sloop *Espoir*, Commander Robert Mitford, observed a ship, three barks, and several feluccas at anchor under the castle of Terracina. The boats of the squadron were sent in under the Lieutenants William Augustus Baumgardt of *Spartan* and George Sartorius of *Success*, who, supported by the fire from the ships, and in spite of spirited resistance, brought out the ship and the barks, with a loss of only one man killed and two wounded.

On 1 May 1810, *Success* and *Spartan* pursued a French squadron, consisting of the 42-gun frigate *Ceres*, 28-gun corvette *Fame*, 8-gun brig *Sparviere* and the 10-gun cutter *Achilles*. The French managed to take shelter in the harbour of Naples, and Captain Brenton of *Spartan*, realising they would never come out while the two British ships were there, ordered *Success* to a point south-west of Capri. At dawn on 3 May Brenton observed the French coming out, accompanied by eight Neapolitan gun-boats, and in a hard-fought action succeeded in boarding and capturing the brig *Sparviere*, and causing severe damage to the other ships. *Success* was unable to play any part in the action being becalmed offshore. On 26 June *Success* and *Scout*, captured another ship, the *Fortune*.

Ayscough, with two other frigates and several sloops under his command, was then assigned to patrol the Strait of Messina, to protect Sicily against a threatened invasion by Murat, who had concentrated about 40,000 troops and 200 gun-boats. Murat launched his attack early on 18 September, with troops sailing from Scilla and Reggio, landing on the Punta del Faro, and at Mili Marina, south of Messina. However British troops reacted swiftly, and neutralized the attempted incursion with little loss to themselves, taking most of the enemy prisoner. Ayscough was next employed, with seven vessels under his command, reconnoitring the coast between Naples and Civita Vecchia, near Rome, but *Success* was seriously damaged during a severe gale while off Crete, and was obliged to return to England in mid-1811 for repairs.

### Return to American waters

After repairs, *Success* was commissioned in August 1812, under the command of Captain Thomas Barclay, but reduced to 16 guns and employed as a troop ship. She operated on the coast of Spain in late 1812, then on the North American station from early 1813 during the War of 1812. There she was present at the attacks on Craney Island and Hampton, Virginia, in June 1813, and on the 21st of that month shared in the capture of the American ship *Herman*.

### Fate

*Success* was hulked at Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1814. She served there as a guard ship, prison ship, and as a powder hulk from 1817, before finally being broken up in 1820.

## Citations

*This article includes data released under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported UK: England & Wales Licence, by the National Maritime Museum, as part of the Warship Histories project.*

## InfoBox

| *Success* destroys *Santa Catalina*, 16 March 1782 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| Great Britain | |
| Name | HMS *Success* |
| Ordered | 22 February 1779 |
| Builder | John Sutton, Liverpool |
| Laid down | 8 May 1779 |
| Launched | 10 April 1781 |
| Commissioned | 1781 |
| Honours and<br>awards | Naval General Service Medal with clasp: "9 June 1799" |
| Fate | Captured by the French Navy on 10 February 1801 |
| France | |
| Name | *Succès* |
| Acquired | 10 February 1801 by capture |
| Fate | Re-captured by the Royal Navy on 2 September 1801 |
| United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS *Success* |
| Acquired | 2 September 1801 by capture |
| Fate | Broken up, 1820 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | 32-gun *Amazon*-class fifth-rate frigate |
| Tons burthen | 682494 (bm) |
| Length | * 126 ft (38.4 m) (overall) * 103 ft 8 in (31.6 m) (keel) |
| Beam | 35 ft 1+12 in (10.7 m) |
| Depth of hold | 12 ft 2 in (3.71 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
| Complement | 220 |
| Armament | * UD: 26 × 12-pounder guns * QD: 4 × 6-pounder guns + 4 × 18-pounder carronades * Fc: 2 × 6-pounder guns + 2 × 18-pounder carronades |


title: Platypterygiinae

abstract: Platypterygiinae is an extinct subfamily of ophthalmosaurid thunnosaur ichthyosaurs from the early Late Jurassic to the early Late Cretaceous of Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. Currently, the oldest known platypterygiine is Brachypterygius. Platypterygiines were characterized by square tooth roots in cross-section, an extremely reduced extracondylar area of the basioccipital, prominent dorsal and ventral trochanters on humerus and ischiopubis lacking an obturator foramen.

text:
# Platypterygiinae

**Platypterygiinae** is an extinct subfamily of ophthalmosaurid thunnosaur ichthyosaurs from the early Late Jurassic to the early Late Cretaceous (Kimmeridgian \- Cenomanian) of Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. Currently, the oldest known platypterygiine is *Brachypterygius*. Platypterygiines were characterized by square tooth roots in cross-section, an extremely reduced extracondylar area of the basioccipital, prominent dorsal and ventral trochanters on humerus and ischiopubis lacking an obturator foramen.

## Phylogeny

Platypterygiinae was named in 2001 by Maxim S. Arkhangelsky and dually noted by colleague Aleski Masluk. It is a stem-based taxon defined phylogenetically for the first time by Fischer *et al.* (2012) as "all taxa closer to *Platypterygius hercynicus* than to *Ophthalmosaurus icenicus*". The cladogram below follows Fischer *et al.* 2012.

## InfoBox

| Platypterygiines
Temporal range: Kimmeridgian-Cenomanian, | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Caypullisaurus bonapartei* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Ichthyosauria |
| Family: | Ophthalmosauridae |
| Subfamily: | Platypterygiinae
Arkhangelsky, 2001 |
|
| Genera | |
|  | |


abstract: The Global Educational Network for Satellite Operations (GENSO) is forming by a worldwide network of ground stations and spacecraft which can interact via a software standard. The GENSO aims to increase the return from educational space missions and changed the way that these missions are managed, dramatically increasing the level of access to orbital educational spacecraft.

text:
# Global Educational Network for Satellite Operations

The **Global Educational Network for Satellite Operations** (**GENSO**) is forming by a worldwide network of ground stations and spacecraft which can interact via a software standard. The GENSO aims to increase the return from educational space missions and changed the way that these missions are managed, dramatically increasing the level of access to orbital educational spacecraft.

## History

In November 2007, a kickoff meeting was held at the CubeSat workshop. This short presentation (at Aalborg University in Denmark) to the rest of the GENSO groups described work at Cal Poly for the project. This workshop kicked off the Alpha Test phase of the project. The entire project was successfully demoed in front of a live audience (us). The Mission Control Client booked downlink sessions with the Ground Station Server, and the Ground Station Server controlled the radio and rotors at the AAU ground station (across the building). The running Authentication Server authenticated people and registered satellites on the network.

In February 2009, the ROBUSTA project joined the GENSO initiative. ROBUSTA is the first French university CubeSat. The objective of the payload experiment is to measure the radiation induced degradation of electronic devices. Flight data will be compared to the results of a novel prediction method taking into account the Enhanced Low Dose Rate Sensitivity. The second interesting point of this project is that it's a real educational project. Although the system hasn't yet grown to the "hundreds" of ground stations identified in Alexandru Munteanu's Thesis from 2009, testing and integration continue to proceed.

The GENSO project initiated under the guidance of the International Space Education Board (ISEB) has many existing capabilities and is accumulating the interest of large groups inside and outside of the United States. However, it is still lacking a fully equipped ground station that can complement its capabilities.

Since 2011, a great deal of work has been done on Release 1E of GENSO to help make it more user friendly and reliable for the Amateur Radio community. Ground stations like the one at COSMIAC are now running 24/7 downloading data for educational satellites such as the University of Michigan RAX-2 spacecraft.

## How GENSO works

The GENSO system is a software networking standard which allows a user to communicate with a spacecraft by using a remote ground station which has a clear view of the spacecraft. Communications between the client computer (a mission controlcomputer) and the ground station server are conducted across the Internet. There are three major components to the GENSO system :

* **GSS****Ground Station Server**
* **MCC** \- The **Mission Control Client** is the control station for a satellite. Each satellite will have one MCC. A GSS will see a snapshot of the satellite but only MCC will have the entire picture
* **AUS** – The **Authentication Server** is the server that mediates communication between MCCs and GSSs on the GENSO network. When a ground station wants to join the network, the AUS permits them and then assigns them bookings to accomplish. The current AUS is located in Vigo, Spain and the backup is at Cal Poly: San Luis Obispo.

There are also three main components that the GENSO system remotely controls:

* **Rotator Controller**
* **Terminal node control**
* **Radio Controller**

The **GENSO software** is written in Java. GENSO was developed and is currently maintained under the auspices of the European Space Agency (ESA).

## List of members

Source:

| ORGANIZATION (country) | COMPONENT (satellite) |
| --- | --- |
| Aalto University (Finland) | GSS |
| California Polytechnic State University (United States) | GSS |
| Delft University of Technology (Netherlands) | MCC (Delft) |
| ESOC (Germany) | GSS |
| ESTEC (Netherlands) | GSS |
| Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Space Centre (Switzerland) | MCC (SwissCube) |
| Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Space Centre (Switzerland) | GSS |
| Graz University of Technology (Austria) | GSS |
| International Space University (France) | GSS |
| Isis Space (Netherlands) | GSS |
| MyGroundStations.com (UK) | GSS |
| Polytechnic University of Catalonia (Spain) | GSS |
| Radio Amateur – G3VZV (UK) | GSS |
| Radio Amateur – G4DPZ (UK) | GSS |
| Radio Amateur – KA0SWT (United States) | GSS |
| Sergio Arboleda University (Colombia) | GSS |
| University of Applied Sciences, Heidelberg (Germany) | GSS |
| University of Kentucky (United States) | GSS |
| University of Montpellier (France) | GSS |
| University of New Mexico, Configurable Space Microsystems Innovations & Applications Centre (United States) | GSS |
| University of Surrey, Surrey Space Centre (UK) | GSS |
| University of Texas at Austin (United States) | MCC (FASTRAC 1) |
| University of Texas at Austin (United States) | MCC (FASTRAC 2) |
| University of Texas at Austin (United States) | GSS |
| University of Valladolid (Spain) | GSS |
| University of Vigo (Spain) | AUS |
| University of Vigo (Spain) | MCC (Test Satellites) |
| University of Vigo (Spain) | MCC (Xatcobeo) |
| University of Vigo (Spain) | GSS |
| University of York (UK) | GSS |
| University of La Reunion, LIM, ESIROI IT Dept (Réunion/France) | GSS |
| Stanford Research Institute International & University of Michigan, College of Engineering | MCC (RAX-2) |
| University of Michigan (United States) | MCC (M-CUBED) |
| Sapienza University of Rome | MCC (UniCubeSat-GG) |
| Warsaw University of Technology & Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences | MCC (PW-Sat) |
| Politecnico di Torino (Italy) | MCC (E-st@r) |
| Hungary | MCC (MaSat-1) |
| IDeTIC-ULPGC (University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) (Spain, Canary Islands) | GSS |

## Notes and references


title: Ori, ori

abstract: "Ori, ori" is the B-side of the second single by the Serbian punk rock band Pekinška Patka.

text:
# Ori, ori

"**Ori, ori**" (trans. *Plow, plow*) is the B-side of the second single by the Serbian punk rock band Pekinška Patka.

## Track listing

Both tracks by Nebojša Čonkić and Sreten Kovačević.

## Cover versions

* Serbian punk rock band Atheist Rap recorded a cover version of the song as a part of the Pekinška Patka cover versions mix entitled "Plitka poezija".

* The single at Discogs
* EX YU ROCK enciklopedija 1960–2006, Janjatović Petar; ISBN 978-86-905317-1-4

## InfoBox

| "Ori, ori" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Pekinška Patka | |
| from the album  *Plitka poezija* | |
| A-side | "Bolje da nosim kratku kosu" |
| Released | 1980 |
| Recorded | 1980
Meta studio, Novi Sad |
| Genre | Punk rock |
| Length | 2:30 |
| Label | Jugoton
SY 23683 |
| Songwriter(s) | N. Čonkić, S. Kovačević |
| Producer(s) | Slobodan Konjović |
| Pekinška Patka singles chronology | |
| "Biti ružan, pametan i mlad" / "Bela šljiva""
(1979) "**Ori, ori**"
(1980) "Bila je tako lijepa"
(1980) | |


title: Raimbault Creek

abstract:
Raimbault Creek was a watercourse on the Island of Montreal in present-day Côte-des-Neiges and Saint-Laurent which drained into the Rivière des Prairies.
Côte-des-Neiges Road follows the path of the former creek between the two summits of Mount Royal. In the 1950s or early 1960s, the city of Montreal covered over the creek, making it into an underground collector sewer. It was possibly named after Pierre Raimbault (1671–1740), landowner and notary.

text:
# Raimbault Creek

**Raimbault Creek** was a watercourse on the Island of Montreal in present-day Côte-des-Neiges and Saint-Laurent which drained into the Rivière des Prairies. Côte-des-Neiges Road follows the path of the former creek between the two summits of Mount Royal. In the 1950s or early 1960s, the city of Montreal covered over the creek, making it into an underground collector sewer.

It was possibly named after Pierre Raimbault (1671–1740), landowner and notary.

45°29′45″N 73°36′37″W / 45.4959°N 73.6104°W / 45.4959; -73.6104


title: Villanova Biellese

abstract: Villanova Biellese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Biella. Villanova Biellese borders the following municipalities: Buronzo, Carisio, Massazza, Mottalciata, Salussola.

text:
# Villanova Biellese

**Villanova Biellese** is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Biella.

Villanova Biellese borders the following municipalities: Buronzo, Carisio, Massazza, Mottalciata, Salussola.

## InfoBox

| Villanova Biellese | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Villanova Biellese | |
|  | |
| Location of Villanova Biellese | |
| Villanova BielleseLocation of Villanova Biellese in ItalyVillanova BielleseVillanova Biellese (Piedmont) | |
| Coordinates: 45°25′N 8°12′E / 45.417°N 8.200°E / 45.417; 8.200 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Piedmont |
| Province | Biella (BI) |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Giovanni Mangiaracina |
| Area | |
| Total | 7.7 km2 (3.0 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 232 m (761 ft) |
| Population (Dec. 2004) | |
| Total | 185 |
| Density | 24/km2 (62/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Villanovesi |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 13030 |
| Dialing code | 0161 |
| Website | Official website |


title: Ian Macfarlane (economist)

abstract: Ian John Macfarlane is an Australian economist, and central banker. After an early career as an economist in Melbourne, Sydney, Oxford and Paris, he joined the Reserve Bank of Australia in 1979 and rose to become Governor from 1996 to 2006. After retiring from the Reserve Bank, he became a company director, economic consultant and author of two books.

text:
# Ian Macfarlane (economist)

**Ian John Macfarlane** AC (born 22 June 1946) is an Australian economist, and central banker. After an early career as an economist in Melbourne, Sydney, Oxford and Paris, he joined the Reserve Bank of Australia in 1979 and rose to become Governor from 1996 to 2006. After retiring from the Reserve Bank, he became a company director, economic consultant and author of two books.

## Education and early career

Macfarlane moved to Melbourne at the age of three and lived there until he was twenty three. He was educated at Melbourne High School and Monash University, Melbourne, from which he received the Bachelor of Economics degree with honours in 1968, and the Master of Economics degree in 1971. While completing his master's degree he taught at Monash University. He moved to Sydney in 1970 on a short-term contract with the Reserve Bank of Australia to join a team building the first econometric model of the Australian economy. When his contract finished, he moved to England and from 1971–72 he worked at the Institute of Economics and Statistics at the University of Oxford. Following this, he then moved to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris, where he served until 1978.

## Reserve Bank of Australia

Macfarlane returned to Australia and became a permanent employee of the Reserve Bank's Research Department in 1979. In 1981 he was made its deputy manager. In 1983, six months before the float of the Australian dollar, he moved to the Financial Markets Department where his work involved close interaction with the money, bond and foreign exchange markets. In 1988 he returned to head the Economics Department to a position now known as Assistant Governor (Economic).

In 1992 he was appointed Deputy Governor by the Keating government, and in 1996, he was appointed Governor by the Howard government. On taking up the position, he signed a memorandum of Agreement with Treasurer Peter Costello which introduced Australia's inflation-targeting monetary policy regime. The ten years during which Macfarlane was Governor was a period of good economic growth and low inflation, although the Asian financial crisis in 1997, the global recession of 2001 and an incipient housing price bubble in 2003 presented challenges. On Macfarlane's retirement in 2006, Treasurer Peter Costello, said: "Ian Macfarlane has been an exceptionally successful governor of the Reserve Bank ... and when history of the last ten years is written, it will show as one of, if not the greatest periods of economic management in Australian history." Prime Minister John Howard wrote in his autobiography "Macfarlane was the stand-out economic official in the lifetime of my government. His advice and sense of balance was far superior to that of anybody else who provided economic advice to us".

## Post-Reserve Bank Career

After retiring from the RBA Macfarlane was appointed as a director of three public companies - Woolworths (2007-2015), Leighton Holdings (2007-2013) and ANZ Bank (2007-2016). He was also on the International Advisory Boards of Goldman Sachs (2007-2016) and the China Banking Regulatory Commission (2011-2014). He continued to be a director of the Lowy Institute for International Policy (2004-2017).

Immediately after leaving the RBA, he was chosen to deliver the Boyer Lectures for 2006. This series of six lectures, which combines both history and economics, was published as a book titled *The Search for Stability**.*

Macfarlane has always been interested in history, and in 2019 published a purely historical work titled *Ten Remarkable Australians: they made their mark on the world but were forgotten.* This is a series of biographical essays on ten Australians born before Federation who achieved international prominence in the first half of the 1900s.

## Awards and honours

| Elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences of Australia | 1998 |
| --- | --- |
| Received Centenary Medal from the Australian Government | 2001 |
| Chosen Central Bank Governor of the year by Eurocurrency magazine | 2002 |
| Made Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) | 2004 |
| Awarded honorary Doctor of Science in Economics, University of Sydney | 2004 |
| Awarded honorary Doctor of Letters, Macquarie University | 2005 |
| Awarded honorary Doctor of Commerce, University of Melbourne | 2006 |
| Awarded honorary Doctor of Laws, Monash University | 2007 |
| Awarded honorary Doctor of Science, University of New South Wales | 2008 |

## Personal

Macfarlane married Barbara Heather Payne in 1970. They have two children, a son Duncan and daughter Victoria and six grandchildren, Andrew, Abby, Oscar, Alice, James and Olivia.

## InfoBox

| Ian MacfarlaneAC | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 6th Governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia | |
| **In office**
18 September 1996  17 September 2006 | |
| Nominated by | Peter Costello |
| Deputy | Graeme Thompson
Stephen Grenville
Glenn Stevens |
| Preceded by | Bernie Fraser |
| Succeeded by | Glenn Stevens |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1946-06-22) 22 June 1946
Sydney, Australia |
| Alma mater | B.Ec. (Hons), M.Ec.,
Monash University
D.Sc.Ec. (Honoris Causa),
University of Sydney, D.Litt. (Honoris Causa),
Maquarie University
D.Com. (Honoris Causa),
University of Melbourne,LL.D (Honoris Causa),
Monash University
D.Sc. (Honoris Causa), University of New South Wales |
| Profession | Economist |
|  | |


title: Heptachlor

abstract: Heptachlor is an organochlorine compound that was used as an insecticide. Usually sold as a white or tan powder, heptachlor is one of the cyclodiene insecticides. In 1962, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring questioned the safety of heptachlor and other chlorinated insecticides. Due to its highly stable structure, heptachlor can persist in the environment for decades. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency has limited the sale of heptachlor products to the specific application of fire ant control in underground transformers. The amount that can be present in different foods is regulated.

text:
# Heptachlor

**Heptachlor** is an organochlorine compound that was used as an insecticide. Usually sold as a white or tan powder, heptachlor is one of the cyclodiene insecticides. In 1962, Rachel Carson's *Silent Spring* questioned the safety of heptachlor and other chlorinated insecticides. Due to its highly stable structure, heptachlor can persist in the environment for decades. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency has limited the sale of heptachlor products to the specific application of fire ant control in underground transformers. The amount that can be present in different foods is regulated.

## Synthesis

Analogous to the synthesis of other cyclodienes, heptachlor is produced via the Diels-Alder reaction of hexachlorocyclopentadiene and cyclopentadiene. The resulting adduct is chlorinated followed by treatment with hydrogen chloride in nitromethane in the presence of aluminum trichloride or with iodine monochloride.

Compared to chlordane, it is about 3–5 times more active as an insecticide, but more inert chemically, being resistant to water and caustic alkalies.

## Metabolism

Soil microorganisms transform heptachlor by epoxidation, hydrolysis, and reduction. When the compound was incubated with a mixed culture of organisms, chlordene (hexachlorocyclopentadine, its precursor) formed, which was further metabolized to chlordene epoxide. Other metabolites include 1-hydroxychlordene, 1-hydroxy-2,3-epoxychlordene, and heptachlor epoxide. Soil microorganisms hydrolyze heptachlor to give ketochlordene. Rats metabolize heptachlor to the epoxide 1-exo-1-hydroxyheptachlor epoxide and 1,2-dihydrooxydihydrochlordene. When heptachlor epoxide was incubated with microsomal preparations form liver of pigs and from houseflies, the products found were diol and 1-hydroxy-2,3-epoxychlordene. The metabolic scheme in rats shows two pathways with the same metabolite. The first involves following scheme: heptachlor → heptachlor epoxide → dehydrogenated derivative of 1-exo-hydroxy-2,3-exo-epoxychlordene → 1,2-dihydrooxydihydrochlordene. The second involves: heptachlor → 1-exo-hydroxychlordene → 1-exo-hydroxy, 2,3-exo-epoxychlordene → 1,2-dihydrooxydihydrochlordene.

## Environmental impact

Heptachlor is a persistent organic pollutant (POP). It has a half life of ~1.3-4.2 days (air), ~0.03-0.11 years (water), and ~0.11-0.34 years (soil). One study described its half life to be 2 years and claimed that its residues could be found in soil 14 years after its initial application. Like other POPs, heptachlor is lipophilic and poorly soluble in water (0.056 mg/L at 25 °C), thus it tends to accumulate in the body fat of humans and animals.

Heptachlor epoxide is more likely to be found in the environment than its parent compound. The epoxide also dissolves more easily in water than its parent compound and is more persistent. Heptachlor and its epoxide absorb to soil particles and evaporate.

The range of oral rat LD50 values are 40 mg/kg to 162 mg/kg. Daily oral doses of heptachlor at 50 and 100 mg/kg were found to be lethal to rats after 10 days. For heptachlor epoxide, the oral LD50 values ranging from 46.5 to 60 mg/kg. With rat oral of LD5047mg/kg, heptachlor epoxide is more toxic. A product of hydrogenation of heptachlor, β-dihydroheptachlor, has high insecticidal activity and low mammalian toxicity, rat oral LD50\>5,000mg/kg.

## Human impact

Humans may be exposed to heptachlor through drinking water and foods, including breast milk. Heptachlor epoxide is derived from a pesticide that was banned in the U.S. in the 1980s. It is still found in soil and water supplies and can turn up in food. It can be passed along in breast milk.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer and the EPA have classified the compound as a possible human carcinogen. Animals exposed to heptachlor epoxide during gestation and infancy are found to have changes in nervous system and immune function. Exposure to higher doses of heptachlor in newborn animals leads to decreased body weight and death.

The U.S. EPA MCL for drinking water is 0.0004 mg/L for heptachlor and 0.0002 mg/L for heptachlor epoxide. The U.S. FDA limit on food crops is 0.01 ppm, in milk 0.1 ppm, and on edible seafoods 0.3 ppm. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has limit of 0.5 mg/m3 (cubic meter of workplace air) for 8-hour shifts and 40-hour work weeks.

An ATSDR report in 1993 found no studies with respect to death in humans after oral exposure to heptachlor or heptachlor epoxide.

## Chemical properties

The octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) of heptachlor is ~105.27. Henry's Law constant is 2.3 · 10−3atm-m3/mol and the vapor pressure is 3 · 10−4mmHg at 20 °C.

## InfoBox

Heptachlor
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1*H*-4,7-methanoindene | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChEBI |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.876 |
| KEGG |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| UNII |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C10H5Cl7/c11-4-2-1-3-5(4)9(15)7(13)6(12)8(3,14)10(9,16)17/h1-5H YKey: FRCCEHPWNOQAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y * InChI=1/C10H5Cl7/c11-4-2-1-3-5(4)9(15)7(13)6(12)8(3,14)10(9,16)17/h1-5HKey: FRCCEHPWNOQAEU-UHFFFAOYAM | |
| SMILES * ClC1/C=C\C2C3(Cl)C(\Cl)=C(\Cl)C(Cl)(C12)C3(Cl)Cl | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C10H5Cl7 |
| Molar mass | 373.32 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to tan solid |
| Odor | Camphorous |
| Density | 1.58 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 95 to 96 °C (203 to 205 °F; 368 to 369 K) |
| Boiling point | 135 to 145 °C (275 to 293 °F; 408 to 418 K) at 1-1.5 mmHg |
| Solubility in water | 0.0006% (20°C) |
| Vapor pressure | 0.0003 mmHg (25°C) |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | noncombustible |
| **Lethal dose** or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (median dose) | 116 mg/kg (oral, guinea pig)
40 mg/kg (oral, rat)
100 mg/kg (oral, rat)
68 mg/kg (oral, mouse)
100 mg/kg (oral, hamster) |
| LDLo (lowest published) | 50 mg/kg (cat, oral) |
| LCLo (lowest published) | 150 mg/m3 (cat, 4 hr)
200 mg/m3 (mammal, 4 hr) |
| **NIOSH** (US health exposure limits): | |
| PEL (Permissible) | TWA 0.5 mg/m3 \[skin\] |
| REL (Recommended) | Ca TWA 0.5 mg/m3 \[skin\] |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Ca \[35 mg/m3\] |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?)  Infobox references | |


title: Inermoleiopus

abstract:
Inermoleiopus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
  - Inermoleiopus delkeskampi Breuning, 1958
  - Inermoleiopus flavosignatus Breuning, 1972
  - Inermoleiopus fuscosignatus Breuning, 1977
  - Inermoleiopus girardi Breuning, 1978
  - Inermoleiopus roseofasciatus Breuning, 1973

text:
# Inermoleiopus

***Inermoleiopus*** is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

## InfoBox

| *Inermoleiopus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Subfamily: | Lamiinae |
| Genus: | ***Inermoleiopus*** |
|


title: The Looking-Glass

abstract: The Looking-Glass is a 1943 novel by William March. A continuation of his "Pearl County" series of novels and short stories, it is considered by many to be his greatest work. Originally titled Kneel to the Prettiest. The first two novels in the series are Come in at the Door and The Tallons.

text:
# The Looking-Glass

***The Looking-Glass*** is a 1943 novel by William March. A continuation of his "Pearl County" series of novels and short stories, it is considered by many to be his greatest work. Originally titled *Kneel to the Prettiest*. The first two novels in the series are *Come in at the Door* and *The Tallons*.

## Plot summary

Set in the mythical town of Reedyville, Alabama, *The Looking-Glass* is a mosaic of multiple character stories and histories, interwoven in a non-linear fashion. It has been described as akin to the *Spoon River* style of storytelling with its multiple character studies.

## Editions

## InfoBox

The Looking-Glass
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | William March |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Novel |
| Publisher | Little, Brown & Company (USA) & Victor Gollancz Limited (UK) |
| Publication date | January 1943 (USA) & June 1944 (UK) |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (hardback & paperback) |
| Pages | 319 pp |
| ISBN | 9780817358129 |
| Preceded by | *The Tallons* |
| Followed by | *October Island* |


title: Jokkmokk Church

abstract: Jokkmokk Church is a church in Jokkmokk in the Jokkmokk Municipality. It is the parish church.

text:
# Jokkmokk Church

**Jokkmokk Church** (also known as *Jokkmokk New Church*) is a church in Jokkmokk in the Jokkmokk Municipality. It is the parish church.

## Architecture and history

The church is a Gothic Revival architecture church and is built of wood. Construction began in 1888 and was completed and opened for service in 1889. A vestry was added in 1961.

The church was designed by E.A. Jacobsson and has a squashed flat shape that includes a side tower.

## Details

The altarpiece, an oil painting, depicts Jesus' last supper and was painted by Torsten Nordberg in 1949. The baptismal font is carved from raw birch. The font, along with the base of the organ, was renovated with the church's restoration in 1949 by Runo Johansson Lette.

## Sources

### Notes

1. "Jokkmokks Kyrka". *www.svenskakyrkan.se* (in Swedish). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
2. Maria Vedin (redaktör): *Jokkmokk - natur och kultur genom tiderna*, Jokkmokk 1999

66°36′17.48″N 19°50′30.85″E / 66.6048556°N 19.8419028°E / 66.6048556; 19.8419028

## InfoBox

| Jokkmokk Church | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Jokkmokk |
| Country | Sweden |
| Website | Jokkmokk Church |


title: Global Goals Week

abstract: Global Goals Week is a shared commitment between a coalition of over 160 partners across all industries, which mobilizes annually in September to bring together communities, demand urgency, and supercharge solutions for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It was founded in 2016 by the United Nations Foundation, Project Everyone, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). It is timed to coincide with the UN General Assembly "High-Level Week" in New York. The week includes events, summits, conferences, forums, workshops, pledges, and other activations in New York, around the world, and online. It usually runs alongside Climate Week NYC, the annual conference of Goalkeepers, Bloomberg Global Business Forum and many other high-level events.

text:
# Global Goals Week

**Global Goals Week** is a shared commitment between a coalition of over 160 partners across all industries, which mobilizes annually in September to bring together communities, demand urgency, and supercharge solutions for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It was founded in 2016 by the United Nations Foundation, Project Everyone, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). It is timed to coincide with the UN General Assembly "High-Level Week" in New York. The week includes events, summits, conferences, forums, workshops, pledges, and other activations in New York, around the world, and online. It usually runs alongside Climate Week NYC, the annual conference of Goalkeepers (Gates Foundation), Bloomberg Global Business Forum and many other high-level events.

## History

Global Goals Week is an annual week of action that first took place in 2016. It was piloted by core partners Project Everyone, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the United Nations Foundation. The core partners have now expanded to include the United Nations Department of Global Communications, the UN SDG Strategy Hub, the UN SDG Action Campaign, and Action for Sustainable Development.

## Structure

Global Goals Week is scheduled to coincide with the main annual meetings that take place during the UN General Assembly. The week highlights a shared commitment between over 160 partners across civil society, business, academia, and the UN system, to accelerate action on the SDGs, particularly during the UN General Assembly High-Level Week. Together, all this helps to reinforce the importance of working together to solve global challenges and achieve the SDGs.

## Purpose

The purpose is to organize "action, awareness, and accountability for the Sustainable Development Goals". It is also an opportunity to "speak out as one voice, share ideas and transformative solutions in the fight to build back better from global challenges".

It aims to make "the SDG community come together".

## Themes and Activities

### 2024

Global Goals Week 2024 will take place from September 20 to 29.

### 2023

Global Goals Week 2023 took place from September 15 to 24. To allow partners more flexibility, the calendar was expanded to host events from September 1 to October 15.

World leaders gathered in New York for the opening of the 78th session of the General Assembly (UNGA 78) under the theme, “Rebuilding trust and reigniting global solidarity: Accelerating action on the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals towards peace, prosperity, progress and the sustainability for all.” The first day of the high-level General Debate was September 19. Heads of State and Government and ministers explored solutions to the intertwined global challenges to advance peace, security, and sustainable development.

Heads of State and Government also gathered at UN Headquarters in New York on September 18-19 for the 2023 SDG Summit to review the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and provide high-level political guidance on transformative and accelerated actions leading up to the target year of 2030 for achieving the Goals.

### 2022

Global Goals Week 2022 took place from September 16 to 25. To allow partners more flexibility, the calendar was expanded to host events from September 1 to October 15.

The seventy-seventh session of the General Assembly opened on 13 September under the theme, "A watershed moment: transformative solutions to interlocking challenges." The theme stems from the recognition that the world is at a critical moment in the history of the United Nations due to complex and interconnected crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, humanitarian challenges of unprecedented nature, a tipping point in climate change as well as growing concerns about threats to the global economy.

### 2021

Global Goals Week 2021 took place from September 17 to 26. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the calendar was expanded to host events from September 1 to October 15. Events and activations in 2021 were mostly virtual, but also included some in-person events around the world, as well as hybrid ones.

Under the theme 'Building Resilience through Hope', and against the background of the COVID pandemic and global insecurity, the 2021 UN General Assembly's opening underscored the need for greater urgency and ambition to end the pandemic and ensure an equitable and green recovery and accelerated implementation of the SDGs.

### 2020

Global Goals Week 2020 took place from September 18 to 26. It was completely virtual due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal was to "cultivate ideas, identify solutions, and build partnerships with the power to solve a wide range of complex global problems from inequality to climate change".

### 2019

Global Goals Week 2019 took place concurrently with Climate Week NYC 2019, from September 21 to 28. The theme was: "Action for People and Planet". There were 72 Global Goals Week events, 68 events from the SDG Action Zone, 351 events from Climate Week NYC, and 2981 actions, including events, from the SDG Action Campaign. Around 107,000 people attended online and around 30,000 people attended in-person.

The week included the events of the UN Summits Week, comprising the UN-Secretary-General's Climate Action Summit, a High-level Meeting on Universal Health Coverage; the SDG Summit; the 2019 High-level Dialogue on Financing for Development (FfD); and a High-level Review of Progress on SAMOA Pathway.

Other events included:

* Youth Climate Summit
* Social Good Summit
* Global Week to Act for SDGs
* Private Sector Forum
* International Conference on Sustainable Development (ICSD)
* Sustainable Development Impact Summit
* Equator Prize 2019 Award Ceremony
* Bloomberg Global Business Forum
* SDG Business Forum
* UN Solutions Summit
* AI (artificial intelligence) Sustainable Development Summit.

A range of commitments were announced in 2019. These include financial commitments, partnerships, initiatives and activists.

Initiatives included:

* The Rutgers Institute for Corporate Social Innovation supported the launch of the University Global Compact.
* WFP and Alibaba Group unveiled "Hunger Map Live", a digital map to track food-security issues across the globe.
* Open Government Partnership's Acceleration Action on its recently launched coalition on justice.
* Google presented innovations in AI to advance the Global Goals and highlighted the work from their Impact Challenge grantees.

Activist events included:

* Activists and leaders from across all sectors came together at the SDG Action Zone alongside UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina J. Mohammed to pledge their commitment to a super year of activism in 2020, to kickstart a Decade of Action for the SDGs.
* Trisha Shetty (SheSays) focused on empowering women and girls, ensuring no-one is left behind.
* Kennedy Odede (SHOFCO and World Poverty Forum) focused on tackling poverty and reducing inequality, looking ahead to the World Poverty Forum in January, to be held in Kibera, Kenya's biggest slum.
* Kumi Naidoo (Amnesty International) focused on grassroots civil activists whose lives are at risk worldwide.
* Nikolaj Coster-Waldau (actor and UNDP Goodwill Ambassador) focused on the power of stories to galvanize movements for change.
* SDG Advocates Alaa Murabit and Richard Curtis called on all sectors and citizens to mobilize in 2020 for the super year of activism ahead.

Examples of financial commitments:

* UNICEF and the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) launched an innovative fund that will open new opportunities for Muslim philanthropy to reach the millions of children currently in need of humanitarian support and help achieve the SDGs.
* Mastercard's Michael Froman and Global Fund Chairman Donald Kaberuka reported on Mastercard's new partnership with Step Up the Fight, a Global Fund initiative that proposes to raise $14 billion by 2023 for the fight against HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria. Of that $14 billion, the Global Fund is advocating for the private sector to mobilize at least $1 billion to expedite progress toward SDG 3 and universal health coverage.
* Colombian President Iván Duque and Howard G. Buffett discussed private capital and public policy levers that can support sustainable peace in Colombia, as well as how the Howard G. Buffett Foundation is elevating its investments in Colombia's agriculture industries in line with the country's peace process.

### 2018

In 2018, Global Goals Week took place from September 22 to 29. It was termed "the biggest Global Goals Week yet". Its theme was "Let's end poverty, fight inequality, and beat climate change*".*

Events included:

* Learning Revolutions: Creating Educational Environments for Empowerment and Inclusion
* Global People's Summit
* Social Good Summit
* UN Global Compact Leaders Summit
* World Economic Forum Sustainable Development Impact Summit
* SDG Philanthropy Platform Events
* 2018 Concordia Annual Summit
* Global Day of Action
* We the Future: Accelerating Sustainable Development Solutions 2018
* Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Goalkeepers
* Sustainable Investment Forum North America
* Bloomberg Global Business Forum
* One Planet Summit
* International Conference on Sustainable Development
* The 8th Business Call to Action Annual Forum: Technological Disruption in the World of Inclusive Business

### 2017

Held from September 16 to 23, Global Goals Week 2017 events included:

Climate Week took place at the same time.

Trends that emerged from the 2017 Global Goals Week included: "Development through the Trump prism, refugees and migration, humanitarian water-treading, putting business to work (for the SDGs), breaking down siloes, what's next for development and new partnerships, United Nations reform."

## Impacts

In 2020, Global Goals Week recorded the following impacts:

* 164 events registered, spanning September and October 2020
* 112 partners in the coalition
* 63 million people joined online
* 17.5 thousand people attended in-person
* 2.2 billion social media impressions
* Between September 18-26, 2020, Global Goals Week received 527,000 social media engagements
* The US, Japan, the UK and India were the top countries reached

For Global Goals Week 2019, the following impacts were reported in terms of social media metrics: Reach: 5.8 billion - defined as the total number of unique people who have seen the social media content. An analysis of Twitter data was done from 20 September to 2 October 2019 of over 50 different hashtags and Twitter handles. Around 10.8 million posts, shares, hashtags and mentions were tracked from 115 countries in 54 different languages.


title: Oreojuncus trifidus

abstract: Oreojuncus trifidus is a species of rush known by the common names highland rush and three-leaved rush. It is native to the Northern Hemisphere, where it is an arctic/montane species with an amphi-atlantic distribution.

text:
# Oreojuncus trifidus

***Oreojuncus trifidus*** is a species of rush known by the common names **highland rush** and **three-leaved rush**. It is native to the Northern Hemisphere, where it is an arctic/montane species with an amphi-atlantic distribution.

## Description

*Oreojuncus trifidus* is a perennial herb with tufted stems up to 40 centimeters long, growing erect or drooping. There are a few grasslike leaf blades measuring up to 12 centimeters long. The inflorescence holds one to four flowers with brown tepals and six stamens. The fruit is a capsule a few millimeters long. The plant reproduces sexually with its flowering structures and vegetatively via its rhizome, when it may form colonies.

## Habitat

This species grows in a number of habitat types, especially in alpine environments. It can be found in talus, on cliffs and ledges, fellfields, tundra, and meadows. It grows in a wide variety of heath ecosystems. The soils may be dry to moist, calcareous, and acidic. They may be gravelly, sandy, and rich in iron. The plant is known as a pioneer on ski slopes and roadsides. It may grow alongside many types of mosses and lichens.

## Distribution

*Oreojuncus trifidus* is an amphi-atlantic plant, native to northern and eastern Canada, including the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and other low Arctic regions, the northeastern United States, Greenland, Iceland, Scandinavia, northern Britain, and northern Asia. It also occurs in the high mountains of southern Europe. While not rare in general, the plant faces threats in some locations. Some populations in the Adirondacks are harmed by trampling by hikers. Rush habitat on Camel's Hump and Mount Marcy also suffers from trampling disturbance. Rush-dominated heath in the Cairngorms is also potentially threatened by trampling.

## InfoBox

| *Oreojuncus trifidus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Juncaceae |
| Genus: | *Oreojuncus* |
| Species: | ***O. trifidus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Oreojuncus trifidus***<br>L. Záv.Drábk. & Kirschner | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Juncus alpestris* Bubani * *Juncus trifidus* L. * *Juncus trifidus* subsp. *carolinianus* Hämet-Ahti | |


abstract: I, Eye, Aye is a live album by jazz multi-instrumentalist Rahsaan Roland Kirk featuring performances by Kirk recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1972 with Ron Burton, Henry "Pete" Pearson, Robert Shy and Joe Habao Texidor first released on the Rhino label in 1996 on CD and on VHS under the title "The One Man Twins." The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek states "The set is absolutely electrifying. From the few short raps Kirk offers the crowd, one cannot be prepared for the honking, shouting, funky, gritty sets that follow... This is a hell of an introduction to one of the least-understood figures in jazz history, and an absolute necessity for fans".

text:
# I, Eye, Aye: Live at the Montreux Jazz Festival, 1972

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

***I, Eye, Aye*** is a live album by jazz multi-instrumentalist Rahsaan Roland Kirk featuring performances by Kirk recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1972 with Ron Burton, Henry "Pete" Pearson, Robert Shy and Joe Habao Texidor first released on the Rhino label in 1996 on CD and on VHS under the title "The One Man Twins."

The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek states "The set is absolutely electrifying. From the few short raps Kirk offers the crowd, one cannot be prepared for the honking, shouting, funky, gritty sets that follow... This is a hell of an introduction to one of the least-understood figures in jazz history, and an absolute necessity for fans".

## Track listing

*All compositions by Rahsaan Roland Kirk except as indicated.* 1. "Rahsaantalk, No. 1" - 0:38
2. "Seasons" - 6:00
3. "Rahsaantalk, No. 2" - 1:12
4. "Balm in Gilead" (Traditional) - 7:05
5. "Volunteered Slavery" - 10:20
6. "Rahsaantalk, No. 3" - 0:24
7. "Blue Rol, No. 2" - 9:04
8. "Solo Piece: Satin Doll/Improvisation" (Duke Ellington/Kirk) - 4:19
9. "Serenade to a Cuckoo" - 3:28
10. "Pedal Up" - 6:11

* Recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival, Switzerland on June 24, 1972

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| I, Eye, Aye: Live at the Montreux Jazz Festival, 1972 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by Rahsaan Roland Kirk | |
| Released | 1996 |
| Recorded | June 24, 1972 |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Label | Rhino |
| Rahsaan Roland Kirk chronology | |
| *Brotherman in the Fatherland*
(2006) ***I, Eye, Aye: Live at the Montreux Jazz Festival, 1972***
(1996) *Prepare Thyself to Deal With a Miracle*
(1973) | |


title: Bruce Peninsula (band)

abstract: Bruce Peninsula is a Canadian indie rock band, whose style has been described as "a near indescribable and rousing potpourri of prog, gospel, folk, rock, pop and country." The band consists of core members Matt Cully on vocals and guitar, Misha Bower on vocals, Neil Haverty on vocals, guitar and metallophone, Andrew Barker on bass guitar and lap steel and Steve McKay on drums. Bruce Peninsula also regularly features a large choir section, made up of Tamara Lindeman, Ivy Mairi, Daniella Gesundheit (Snowblink) and Kari Peddle. The choir has previously included Katie Stelmanis (Austra), Casey Mecija (Ohbijou), Isla Craig, Amy Learmonth, Taylor Kirk and Christienne Chesney.

text:
# Bruce Peninsula (band)

**Bruce Peninsula** is a Canadian indie rock band, whose style has been described as "a near indescribable and rousing potpourri of prog, gospel, folk, rock, pop and country." The band consists of core members Matt Cully on vocals and guitar, Misha Bower on vocals, Neil Haverty on vocals, guitar and metallophone, Andrew Barker on bass guitar and lap steel and Steve McKay on drums.

Bruce Peninsula also regularly features a large choir section, made up of Tamara Lindeman (The Weather Station), Ivy Mairi, Daniella Gesundheit (Snowblink) and Kari Peddle. The choir has previously included Katie Stelmanis (Austra), Casey Mecija (Ohbijou), Isla Craig, Amy Learmonth (the Youngest), Taylor Kirk (Timber Timbre) and Christienne Chesney.

## History

Bruce Peninsula was formed in 2006. The band's debut album, *A Mountain Is a Mouth*, was released in February 2009 on their own Bruce Trail Records. The album was named to the preliminary longlist for the 2009 Polaris Music Prize on June 15.

Their second album, the gospel-oriented *Open Flames*, was released in October 2011 on Hand Drawn Dracula.

In 2012, the band released a 14-minute song cycle entitled *Of Songs*. The band can also be heard on the soundtrack of the 2016 film *Sleeping Giant*, and in an Ontario Tourism television advertisement. Haverty has also composed music for film and television, including the films *Hazy Little Thing* and *Wildhood*.

The band's third full-length album, *No Earthly Sound*, was released in 2020.

Haverty has also been a composer of film scores, most notably for the films *Wildhood* and *Monica's News*.

## Discography

### Albums

### EPs

* *Debut 7"* (2008)
* *Bruce Trail Fire Sale* (2011)

### Singles

* *Of Songs* (2012)

### Compilations

### Soundtracks

The music of Bruce Peninsula is also featured in the independent film *Small Town Murder Songs*.

## InfoBox

| Bruce Peninsula | |
| --- | --- |
| Bruce Peninsula, April 2010 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Ontario, Canada |
| Genres | Indie rock |
| Years active | 2006 (2006)–present |
| Labels | Bruce Trail,
Outside Music,
Hand Drawn Dracula |
|  | |
| Members | Matt Cully
Misha Bower
Neil Haverty
Andrew Barker
Steve McKay |
|  | |
| Website | bruce-peninsula.com |


title: Ice hockey in Spain

abstract: Ice hockey in Spain is governed by the Spanish Ice Sports Federation. Competition is divided into division levels, with the highest competition being in the Superliga Española de Hockey Hielo. The teams also compete in a domestic cup competition each year, called the Copa del Rey. The winners of the Division de Honor play the winners of the Copa del Rey in the Liga Nacional de Hockey Hielo. The Spain men's national ice hockey team represents the country in international competitions.

text:
# Ice hockey in Spain

**Ice hockey in Spain** is governed by the Spanish Ice Sports Federation. Competition is divided into division levels, with the highest competition being in the Superliga Española de Hockey Hielo.

The teams also compete in a domestic cup competition each year, called the Copa del Rey. The winners of the Division de Honor (Honor Division) play the winners of the Copa del Rey in the Liga Nacional de Hockey Hielo (Super Cup).

The Spain men's national ice hockey team represents the country in international competitions.

## Current divisions

For a list of teams, see List of ice hockey clubs in Spain

## InfoBox

| Ice hockey in Spain | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Country | Spain |
| Governing body | Spanish Ice Sports Federation |
| National team(s) | Men's national team;
Women's national team |
| Clubs | Superliga |
| National competitions | |
| Copa del Rey | |
| International competitions | |
| Ice Hockey World Championships
Winter Olympics
World Cup | |


title: Heptabarb

abstract: Heptabarb, also known as heptabarbitone (BAN) or heptabarbital, is a sedative and hypnotic drug of the barbiturate family. It was used in Europe for the treatment of insomnia from the 1950s onwards, but has since been discontinued.

text:
# Heptabarb

**Heptabarb** (INN; **Eudan**, **Medapan**, **Medomin**, **Noctyn**), also known as **heptabarbitone** (BAN) or **heptabarbital**, is a sedative and hypnotic drug of the barbiturate family. It was used in Europe for the treatment of insomnia from the 1950s onwards, but has since been discontinued.

## InfoBox

Heptabarb
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| Other names | G-475 |
| Routes of
administration | Oral |
| ATC code |  |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |  |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 83% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Elimination half-life | 6.1-11.2 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * 5-cyclohept-1-en-1-yl-5-ethylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1*H*,3*H*,5*H*)-trione | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| DrugBank |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.371 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C13H18N2O3 |
| Molar mass | 250.298 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1(/C2=C/CCCCC2)CC | |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C13H18N2O3/c1-2-13(9-7-5-3-4-6-8-9)10(16)14-12(18)15-11(13)17/h7H,2-6,8H2,1H3,(H2,14,15,16,17,18) Y * Key:PAZQYDJGLKSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y | |
| (verify) | |


title: Inermocoelotes paramicrolepidus

abstract: Inermocoelotes paramicrolepidus is a funnel-web spider species found in Greece.

text:
# Inermocoelotes paramicrolepidus

***Inermocoelotes paramicrolepidus*** is a funnel-web spider species found in Greece.

## InfoBox

| *Inermocoelotes paramicrolepidus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Agelenidae |
| Genus: | *Inermocoelotes* |
| Species: | ***I. paramicrolepidus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Inermocoelotes paramicrolepidus***<br>(Wang, Zhu & Li, 2010) | |
|


title: The Looking Glass War (film)

abstract: The Looking Glass War is a 1970 British neo-noir action-thriller film directed by Frank Pierson based on the 1965 novel by John le Carré The Looking Glass War.

text:
# The Looking Glass War (film)

***The Looking Glass War*** is a 1970 British neo-noir action-thriller film directed by Frank Pierson based on the 1965 novel by John le Carré *The Looking Glass War*.

## Plot

After an MI6 agent carrying a roll of film containing flyover photographs of the East German town of Kalkstadt is found dead and the film goes missing, MI6 concludes he was killed by the Stasi to cover up the presence of a new rocket system based on the V-2. The rocket was previously spotted in vague, on-the-ground photos, and if real, its existence would be a violation of international agreements. A source entices MI6 with another set of photos that conclusively confirms the rocket's existence, and only after receiving payment does he reveal that the photos are being held in Kalkstadt itself by his father. MI6 members John Avery, Haldane, and their superior LeClerc hatch a plan to retrieve the photos and verify the rocket by sending a lone operative over the East German border to Kalkstadt. Polish defector Leiser, who illegally entered England to be with a woman who is bearing his child, is vetted for the role by MI6 and offered UK citizenship if he agrees to work for them. Leiser accepts, to be with his child.

Leiser is quickly trained in self-defense and survival skills at an MI6 safehouse, and taught how to use a portable radio transmitter to send coded messages. Not long before the mission, however, he briefly escapes his handlers to meet with his girlfriend. When she tells him that she had their child aborted, Leiser is deeply distraught and loses the motivation to carry out the mission, but changes his mind after bonding with Avery over a night of drinking. Leiser crosses the border into East Germany under cover of night, while the MI6 agents monitor for his radio messages from a West German cabin. On the way in, Leiser cuts his hand badly on the barbed wire fence and is forced to kill a young East German border guard who sees him. In the morning, the dead border guard is discovered and becomes a major news story.

Leiser is picked up by a lorry driver, but kills the driver after he demands sexual favours for the ride. Leiser continues driving the lorry until he passes out from exhaustion, at which point a local girl and her brother board and drive for him. When the lorry is stopped at a military checkpoint, the girl covers for Leiser, but the soldiers still run his papers. The Stasi immediately notice inconsistencies in Leiser's circumstances and identify him as the person who breached the border and killed the guard, but the soldiers are ordered to let him go so that his intentions can be determined. At a lake, the girl submerges the lorry and Leiser leaves the girl and her brother behind.

In Kalkstadt, Leiser finally reaches his destination, but learns that the photographs never existed and MI6's source was a con artist. Despondent and feverish from his infected hand, Leiser attempts to leave town but is stopped by the Stasi, who tell him that the roads are closed and he must stay at a hotel. He reunites with the girl and is taken to her apartment, where she explains that she knows he is from the West and wants to leave the country with him. That night, the MI6 operation is ordered to shut down since it caused an international incident; at the same time, Leiser witnesses the East German rocket being transported through Kalkstadt's streets. As Leiser frantically relays his observation over radio, the Stasi pick up his transmission and triangulate his location, then gun him and the girl down. At the West German cabin, Avery is disillusioned by LeClerc's revelation that Leiser had always been considered expendable; he was given an obsolete radio to make it seem he was working alone, and he was denied a pistol so the West could not be accused of an act of war. In the end, it is implied that the East German rocket was only an elaborate bluff intended to provoke the West. The roll of film lost by the dead MI6 agent is found by a group of children who open it up and destroy it while playing.

## Cast

## Production

The film was shot in the UK and “Europe” (Spain).

## InfoBox

| The Looking Glass War | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Frank Pierson |
| Written by | Frank Pierson |
| Based on | *The Looking Glass War*
by John le Carré |
| Produced by | John Box |
| Starring | Christopher Jones
Pia Degermark
Ralph Richardson |
| Cinematography | Austin Dempster |
| Edited by | Willy Kemplen |
| Music by | Angela Morley (as Wally Stott) |
| Color process | Eastmancolor |
| Production
company | Frankovich Productions |
| Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
| Release dates | * 2 January 1970 (1970-01-02) (London) * 8 February 1970 (1970-02-08) (United Kingdom)  * February 4, 1970 (1970-02-04) (New York City) |
| Running time | 107 minutes |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Languages | English
German |