abstract: Ingalba, Big Bush and Pucawan Nature Reserves are three Nature Reserves situated to the west of Temora, New South Wales. Ingalba Nature Reserve is situated 10 kilometres west of Temora and Pucawan Nature Reserve a further 6 km west. Big Bush Nature Reserve is 15 kilometres northwest of Temora. All three reserves are located within Temora Shire. They are managed concurrently by the New South Wales Parks and Wildlife Service. The reserves are linked by corridors of vegetation in adjacent private land and along roads and Travelling Stock Routes.

text:
# Ingalba, Big Bush and Pucawan Nature Reserves

**Ingalba, Big Bush and Pucawan Nature Reserves** are three Nature Reserves situated to the west of Temora, New South Wales. Ingalba Nature Reserve is situated 10 kilometres west of Temora and Pucawan Nature Reserve a further 6 km west. Big Bush Nature Reserve is 15 kilometres northwest of Temora. All three reserves are located within Temora Shire. They are managed concurrently by the New South Wales Parks and Wildlife Service. The reserves are linked by corridors of vegetation in adjacent private land and along roads and Travelling Stock Routes.

## History

### Ingalba

Ingalba Nature Reserve (4013.5 ha) lies 10 kilometres west of Temora on the Burley Griffin Way, and was gazetted in three stages. On 17 July 1970, 3,440.5 ha. of the former Temora State Forest was gazetted, and further additions followed. On 1 October 1976 (16.19 ha) of the former Trigonometrical Reserve at Wharrun Trig was adjoined to Ingalba, and on 7 January 1983 additional amounts (556.8 ha) were added following the acquisition of private land. Ingalba Nature Reserve is intersected by and excludes the Burley Griffin Way (Griffith– Temora Road) and an easement through the southern part of the reserve east from Kellows Lane.

### Pucawan

Pucawan Nature Reserve (274 ha) is a further 6 km west on the Coolamon Road, and was gazetted on 11 March 1988. Prior to gazettal the area was vacant Crown land, part of which was proclaimed as a Rifle Range.

### Big Bush

Big Bush Nature Reserve (640 ha) is 15 km north-west of Temora on Thanowring Road, 7 km north of Ingalba Nature Reserve, and was gazetted in four stages. On 23 November 1984 the 42.09 ha. of Crown land gazetted as a Native Flora and Fauna Reserve was revoked and proclaimed as Big Bush Nature Reserve. Adjoining private land was purchased and gazetted on 31 January 1986 (67.68 ha.), 30 October 1987 (98.63 ha.) and on 1 October 1999 (431.53 ha.).

## Geology

The reserves consist of flat to gently undulating terrain at a slight elevation above the surrounding land. Ingalba Nature Reserve has the most varied topography, containing small drainage lines, and with elevations from 315m to 402m at Mt Wharrun. The other reserves are of slightly lower altitude.

The landscape is characterised by a complex system of sedimentary, volcanic and igneous rocks of the Lachlan Fold Belt. Pucawan Nature Reserve and the southern part of Ingalba Nature Reserve have an Upper Ordovician geology of quartzite, shale, slate, phyllite and schist. There is an indistinct boundary with the Upper Silurian geology predominant in Big Bush and Ingalba Nature Reserves. These areas consist of sandstone, shale, siltstone, slate, conglomerate and limestone, with some volcanics.

Abundant but poorly preserved fossil graptolites are found in a disused quarry in Pucawan Nature Reserve. These fossils (an extinct group of oceanic colonial organisms) have been dated from the late Ordovician period. The soils are of intermediate loamy texture. Crest soils are mostly shallow, with broken shales and siltstone present on the surface. On the gentle slopes and flats, deposition of alluvial materials has produced deeper, dark brown soils. The surrounding cleared land supports rich crops on red-brown earths and red earth soils.

Minor erosion is present in gullies.

## Biology

### Flora

Two distinct vegetation communities occur on the reserves: tall open woodland and low open woodland with dry heath. These communities are considered regionally significant due to their remnant status.

The tall woodland vegetation is dominated by mugga ironbark (*Eucalyptus sideroxylon*) and western grey box (*Eucalyptus microcarpa*). It also supports white cypress pine (*Callitris glaucophylla*) on lower slopes, with black cypress pine (*Callitris endlicheri*) common on upper slopes and ridges. Shrubs include quandong (*Santalum acuminatum*), native cherry (*Exocarpus cupressiformis*), rough wattle (*Acacia aspera*), bent-leaf wattle (*Acacia genistifolia*), hakea wattle (*Acacia hakeoides*), and wedge-leaf hopbush (*Dodonaea cuneata*).

The mugga ironbark - western grey box woodland community was considered to be inadequately conserved in NSW and vulnerable to further loss by Benson in 1989. As there has been little addition to the area conserved since that time, this is still the case.

Dry heathland or low open woodland is found on ridgetops and exposed upper slopes. This community is characterised by *Allocasuarina diminuta*, with scattered scribbly gum (*Eucalyptus rossii*) and Dwyer’s mallee gum (*Eucalyptus dwyeri*). There is frequently a dense shrub layer with common species being heath myrtle (*Calytrix tetragona*), urn heath (*Melichrus lanceolatus*), daphne heath (*Brachyloma daphnoides*) and rusty spider flower (*Grevillea floribunda*).

Big Bush Nature Reserve contains green mallee (*Eucalyptus viridis*). This mallee species has a restricted range in NSW and is poorly represented in conservation reserves. The reserves are three of only four reserves known to conserve Cootamundra wattle (*Acacia baileyana*) as an endemic species.

Whilst no plant species listed under the Threatened Species Act 1995 or rare or threatened Australian plants have been recorded, twelve plant species are considered regionally significant due to limited distribution (Porteners 2001).

#### Introduced flora

Weed infestations are concentrated in areas of previous disturbance, particularly in past grazing areas, and along current agricultural boundaries. The reserves contain limited discrete patches of weeds including Paterson’s curse (Echium plantagineum) and horehound (Marrubium vulgare). Bridal creeper (Myrsiphyllum asparagoides) occurs along roadsides adjacent to Ingalba Nature Reserve. There have also been minor occurrences of bathurst burr (Xanthium spinosum), galvanised burr (Scerolaena birchii), saffron thistle (Carthamus lanatus) and of pasture species.

### Fauna

The vegetation communities of the reserves provide a range of habitats for native fauna. Seventeen animal species listed under the Threatened Species Act 1995 have been recorded on the reserves. Known resident species include the Gilbert’s whistler (*Pachycephala inornata*), barking owl (*Ninox connivens*), superb parrot (*Polytelis swainsonii*), turquoise parrot (*Neophema pulchella*) and diamond firetail (*Stagonopleura guttata*). A number of declining eastern woodland birds also occur, including the hooded robin (*Melanodryas cucullata cucullata*), grey-crowned babbler (*Pomatostomus temporalis temporalis*) and black-chinned honeyeater (*Melithreptus gularis gularis*). The painted honeyeater (*Grantiella picta*) is often present in spring. Autumn and winter flowering eucalypts, especially mugga ironbark, occasionally attract the endangered swift parrot (*Lathamus discolor*), and on rare occasions regent honeyeaters (*Xanthomyza phrygia*). Malleefowl (*Leipoa ocellata*) were once present at Ingalba and Big Bush Nature Reserves, but individuals or active breeding mounds have not been observed for over twenty years and it is considered to be locally extinct. Seven amphibians, 12 reptiles, 16 mammals (including 8 species of bats) and 164 native bird species have been recorded from the reserves (NPWS Wildlife Atlas).

The reserves are connected by narrow vegetation corridors allowing movement of some fauna species between the three areas.

#### Introduced fauna

Introduced animals occurring within the reserves include foxes, rabbits and cats. Feral goats and deer have been sighted occasionally in Ingalba Nature Reserve, but are not resident. The lack of permanent water sources in the reserves restricts the occupation of the reserve by feral animals.

## Human use

Cultural heritage includes both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal history and associated activities and works. It comprises important sites, structures and relics that may have aesthetic, historic, scientific and social significance to present and future generations.

The geology, landform, climate and plant and animal communities of the area, plus location, have determined use by humans. Main forms of past disturbance include clearing (especially in southern portions of Ingalba and Big Bush Nature Reserves), sheep grazing, and logging for fences and firewood. Mugga ironbark, grey box and white cypress pine have been extensively logged at Ingalba Nature Reserve. Regeneration since reservation has resulted in a progressive increase in vegetation density with significant tree and shrub regrowth.

Ingalba Nature Reserve contains disturbed areas relating to its logging past, including historical rubbish piles, trails and cleared areas. Quarrying and fire have also shaped the landscape. Pucawan Nature Reserve was formerly used as a quarry site. There is a registered apiary site in Pucawan Nature Reserve.

Truck stopping areas are located adjacent to Ingalba Nature Reserve on both sides of the Temora-Griffith Road.

### Aboriginal heritage

Knowledge of past use is limited. Scarred trees and open campsites are the only registered sites known in the area. Sites are likely to have been widespread throughout the reserves, but the ground has been disturbed by past land use such as logging. On lands adjoining Ingalba Nature Reserve, scattered stone artefacts have been found. The reserves lie within the area occupied by the Wiradjuri people. Today Pucawan and Ingalba Nature Reserves lie within the area of the Narrandera Local Aboriginal Land Council, while Big Bush Nature Reserve is within the area of the Young Local Aboriginal Land Council.

### Historic sites

All three reserves have previously had timber cut, especially Ingalba and Big Bush Nature Reserves. Timber was removed for many purposes, such as fencing posts, firewood, charcoal for farm forges, shed poles and railway sleepers. Today regrowth from tree stumps serve as reminders of this past use. Subsidiary material, such as tins and bottles, has been left behind from logging activities and these are scattered throughout Ingalba Nature Reserve. Both Ingalba and Pucawan Nature Reserves also served as a depository for rubbish dumping by many generations of neighbouring farmers. The Casuarina Track in Ingalba Nature Reserve is part of an old horse-drawn vehicle route between Temora and Mimosa Station. A stock route runs between the two sections of Big Bush Nature Reserve along Cedar Road, formerly called Campbell’s Stock Route. Two small peaks in Ingalba Nature Reserve, Northcote and Mt Wharrun, were used for Trigonomic surveying and state surveying markers remain in these points.

Pucawan Nature Reserve was used as a rifle range in 1917, as a means to maintain rifle skills in the post-World War 1 period, and is still known locally as ‘rifle butts hill’. A target mound, and shooting mounds at set distances from the target still remain.

### Ongoing management

NSW Parks and Wildlife aims to preserve, conserve and enhance the parks through ensuring that human impact is managed appropriately. Key activities include weed and pest eradication and control, fire track management, road user management and enhancement of the public knowledge of the reserves. Given the proximity of privately owned, uncleared land (often neighbouring the reserves and in the case of Ingalba and Big Bush, linking them) there is a possibility that the size of the reserve could be increased through purchase or donation of the land to the NSW Parks and Wildlife Service.

## InfoBox

| Ingalba NR, Big Bush NR, Pucawan NR
New South Wales | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category Ia (strict nature reserve) | |
| Ingalba NR, Big Bush NR, Pucawan NR | |
| Nearest town or city | Temora |
| Coordinates | 34°31′39″S 147°24′04″E / 34.52750°S 147.40111°E / -34.52750; 147.40111 |
| Established | 1970, 1984, 1988 (1970, 1984, 1988) |
| Area | 49.27 km2 (19.0 sq mi) |
| Managing authorities | NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service |
| Website | Ingalba NR, Big Bush NR, Pucawan NR |
| See also | Protected areas of
New South Wales |


title: Tyske Ludder

abstract: Tyske Ludder is a German EBM band. Their members include Claus Albers, Olaf A. Reimers, Ralf Homann and Sebastian I. Hartmann. In 2008 they appeared at the Infest in Bradford. And in May 2009 they appeared at the Wave-Gotik-Treffen in Leipzig and the M'era Luna Festival in Hildesheim, Germany. The phrase Tyske Ludder directly translated means "German whores" in Danish and Norwegian and was used in those countries to describe a native woman that was romantically involved with a German soldier during World War II.

text:
# Tyske Ludder

**Tyske Ludder** is a German EBM band. Their members include Claus Albers, Olaf A. Reimers, Ralf Homann and Sebastian I. Hartmann. In 2008 they appeared at the Infest in Bradford. And in May 2009 they appeared at the Wave-Gotik-Treffen in Leipzig and the M'era Luna Festival in Hildesheim, Germany. The phrase *Tyske Ludder* directly translated means "German whores" in Danish and Norwegian and was used in those countries to describe a native woman that was romantically involved with a German soldier during World War II.

## Discography

### Albums

* 1994: Bombt die Mörder? – KM-MUSIK
* 1995: Dalmarnock – KM-MUSIK
* 2006: Союз (Sojus) – Black Rain
* 2006: Bombt die Mörder? – Re-Release with many remixes at Black Rain
* 2006: Dalmarnock – Re-Release with many remixes at Black Rain
* 2009: Anonymous - Black Rain
* 2011: Diaspora - Black Rain
* 2015: Evolution - Golden Core

### EPs

* 1996: Creutzfeld E.P. – EP at KM-MUSIK
* 2006: Creutzfeld E.P. – Re-Release of the EP with many remixes at Black Rain
* 2008: SCIENTific technOLOGY E.P. - EP at Black Rain
* 2013: Bambule E.P. – E.P. at Black Rain
* 2019: Frohes Festung Europa - EP at 73SECBISMARCK
* 2021: Ungewiss - EP at 73SECBISMARCK
* 2021: Kaputt - EP at 73SECBISMARCK
* 2022: Transformation - EP at 73SECBISMARCK

### Remixes & Other appearances

* 2006: In Sedens – Remix for Grandchaos – God Is Dead (Tyske Ludder Remix) (3:49) – Deathkon Media
* 2007: Methods To Madness – Remix for – Brain Leisure – Defect (Tyske Ludder Remix) (5:15) – Vendetta Music
* 2007: When Angels Die – Remix for E-Craft – FunnyStuff & Violence (BrutallyComeFirstRmx) (4:06) – COP International
* 2008: Blasphemous Radicals E.P. – Remix for Nurzery (Rhymes) – My Babylon (Tyske Ludder Remix) (3:51) – COP International

### Compilations

* Demo Compilation Vol. 3 (CD, Maxi) – A.I.D.S. – KM-Musik, Sounds Of Delight
* 1993: Art & Dance 4 (CD) – Zu Viel, Barthalomäus – Gothic Arts Records / Lost Paradise
* 1993: Take Off Music Volume 1 (CD) – Energie – KM-Musik
* 1994: Demo Compilation Vol. 1 (CD, Maxi) – Wie Der Stahl Gehärtet – KM-Musik, Sounds Of Delight
* 1995: An Ideal For Living 2 (CD, Ltd) – Blutrausch – Gothic Arts Records / Lost Paradise
* 1998: Electrocity Level X (CD) – Monotonie (SutterCaine Remix) – Ausfahrt
* 1999: Wellenreiter In Schwarz Vol. 3 (2 CD) – Grelle Farben – Credo, Nova Tekk
* 2005: Bodybeats (CD) – Innenraum (Sutter Cain Remix) – COP International
* 2006: Hymns Of Steel (CD) – Betrayal (Alloyed Steel Remix) – Machineries Of Joy
* 2006: Interbreeding VIII: Elements Of Violence (2 CD) – Betrayal – (Wertstahl US...) BLC Productions
* 2006: Orkus Compilation 16 (CD, Sampler, Enh) – Canossa – Orkus
* 2007: A Compilation 2 (2 CD) – Canossa – Black Rain
* 2007: Dark Visions 2 (DVD, PAL) – Canossa – Zillo
* 2007: ElektroStat 2007 (CD) – Bionic Impression Oslo Synthfestival
* 2008: Zillo – New Signs & Sounds (CD) – Thetanen (Cruise-Up-Your-Ass-Edit by nurzery \[rhymes\]) – Zillo
* 2008: A Compilation 3 (2 CD) – Thetanen – Black Rain
* 2009: 12. Elektrisch Festival - Wie der Stahl gehärtet wurde (live),Khaled Aker (live) - Black A$
* 2009: Extreme Lustlieder 3 (CD) - Bastard
* 2009: Black Snow - Fairytale of the North - Black Rain

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Tyske Ludder | |
| --- | --- |
| Tyske Ludder – 2007 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Germany |
| Genres | Dark electro* Electronic body music * Industrial * Techno |
| Years active | 1989–present |
| Labels | Black Rain * ZYX * 73 Sec Bismarck * KM-Records |
|  | |
| Members | Claus Albers (1989-)
Olaf A. Reimers (1989–)
Jay Taylor (2014–)
Sebastian I. Hartmann (2009–2012, 2019–) |
|  | |
| Past members | Ralf Homann (1991-2016)
Lars Bürvenich (1995–1996) |
|  | |
| Website | www.tyske-ludder.com |


title: Romy Bär

abstract: Romy Bär is a German basketball player who currently plays for the Gisa Lions. As an almost positionless and versatile player type she embodies modern basketball, in the spirit of a point forward and along the boundaries of conventional statistics.

text:
# Romy Bär

**Romy Bär** (born 17 May 1987) is a German basketball player who currently plays for the Gisa Lions. As an almost positionless and versatile player type she embodies modern basketball, in the spirit of a point forward and along the boundaries of conventional statistics.

## Professional career

Bär, who is 1.87 m (6 ft 2 in) meter tall and mainly used as a power forward, started playing basketball with the Basketgirls in Chemnitz and won the German championship with the U16 Basketgirls in Berlin in 2002. In the final, she was the most successful scorer with 24 points in a 76–72 victory against Nördlingen.

At the age of 15, Bär was already playing for Chemnitz in the 2. Damen-Basketball-Bundesliga and was promoted to the 1. Damen-Basketball-Bundesliga with the Chemcats Chemnitz in 2006. For the 2007/08 season, Bär moved to league rivals TV 1872 Saarlouis and became BBL-Pokal winner and runner-up with the Saarland team. In the 2008/09 season, she was captain and again won the cup and the German championship. For her performance during the season, she was honored as the league's player of the year at the beginning of the 2009/10 season. In the 2009/10 season, she was able to repeat the cup victory and the championship with the Saarlouis Royals. After finishing her studies in the summer of 2010 and winning five titles in three years with the Royals, Bär moved to France to play for Challes-les-Eaux. For the 2014/15 season, she and her national team colleague Katharina Fikiel moved to Slovakia to play for the first division team Good Angels Košice.

After a season in Slovakia, she returned to France and was signed by the first division team Cavigal Nice Basket in August 2015. She stayed there for two years and moved to Lattes Montpellier within the French league for the 2017/18 season and also competed with the club in the EuroLeague. Bär went to Brisbane, Australia, and played for the Southern District Spartans in the Queensland Basketball League (QBL) in the 2018 summer season, winning the championship title. In the 2018/19 season, she played for Villeneuve-d’Ascq in France.

In the summer of 2020, she returned to Germany and accepted an offer from the second division club RheinLand Lions. The club from Bergisch Gladbach, in which she played for, was promoted to the Bundesliga and became German runner-up in 2022. In January 2023, the club declared insolvency, and Bär moved to the second division club BBZ Opladen.

Bär became a mother and took a break in the 2023/24 season and in May 2024, the Bundesliga club Gisa Lions announced they had signed her.

## National team career

Bär played for all of the youth national teams and was called up to the senior national team in 2008. She played her first international match against Belgium in the preparation match for the additional qualifying round for the European Championship. In her first competitive game on 9 January 2009 in Kyiv, she scored 21 points in a 47–73 loss to Ukraine.

## Awards and honors

* Saar Sportsperson of the Year (2): 2008 (team), 2009 (Saar Sportswoman of the Year)
* DBBL Player of the Year of the 2009/10 season
* Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis Sportswomen of the Year 2021 (team)

## Personal life

Bär's partner is former American basketball player Ambrosia Anderson, who last played for BBZ Opladen (2021/22), they both played together in Nice and Australia.

## InfoBox

Romy Bär
| Bär in October 2013 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1987-05-17) 17 May 1987
Karl-Marx-Stadt, East Germany
(now Chemnitz, Germany) |
| Listed height | 1.87 m (6 ft 2 in) |
| Listed weight | 75 kg (165 lb) |
| Career information | |
| Playing career | 2005–present |
| Position | Small forward/power forward |
| Career history | |
| 2005–2007 | ChemCats Chemnitz |
| 2007–2010 | Saarlouis Royals |
| 2010–2012 | Challes-les-Eaux |
| 2012–2014 | Lyon Basket Féminin |
| 2014–2015 | Good Angels Košice |
| 2015–2017 | Cavigal Nice |
| 2017–2018 | Lattes Montpellier |
| 2018 | Southern Districts Spartans |
| 2018–2019 | Villeneuve-d’Ascq |
| 2020–2023 | Rhineland Lions |
| 2023 | BBZ Opladen |
| 2024– | Gisa Lions |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Karjam Saeji

abstract: Karjam Saeji is a Tibetan singer/songwriter/dancer from the grasslands near Maqu in Gansu Province in China. He performed with the Gannan Tibetan Performance Troupe, from Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture from 1991 and moved to the United States in 2007. He recorded a CD, Pilgrimage, in 2007 as part of the Lopez Artist Advance Project, on Lopez Island in Washington state. The executive producers of "Pilgrimage" were Lenedra Carroll and Michele and Steve Heller. The producer was Ralf Illenberger.

text:
# Karjam Saeji

**Karjam Saeji** is a Tibetan singer/songwriter/dancer from the grasslands near Maqu in Gansu Province in China. He performed with the Gannan Tibetan Performance Troupe, from Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture from 1991 and moved to the United States in 2007. He recorded a CD, Pilgrimage, in 2007 as part of the Lopez Artist Advance Project, on Lopez Island in Washington state. The executive producers of "Pilgrimage" were Lenedra Carroll (formerly manager for Jewel) and Michele and Steve Heller. The producer was Ralf Illenberger.

## Biography

Karjam was one of the invited performers for the 2008 World Festival of Sacred Music held in Los Angeles, California. "Pilgrimage" was nominated in 2009 for the Just Plain Folks music awards, the largest independent music awards in the world, as were two of the singles off the album, "Danlih" and "Nehnijih Lirang". On August 28, 2009 at the awards show they announced that Karjam won the Asian Album award for "Pilgrimage" and was the first runner-up for the Best Asian Song with "Danlih". In 2010 he appeared at the Seattle Folklife Festival and was honored to be included in the Northwest Roots and Grooves CD that included some of the best music from the festival. He also performed at Northwest Folklife in 2012 and 2013. In 2011, he performed again at the World Festival of Sacred Music in Los Angeles.

## Awards and recognition

He was nominated for the 2011 Independent Music Awards best traditional world music album for his 2011 CD, "Tibet in my Heart." This CD, recorded in Seoul, Korea, includes a mix of traditional acoustic instruments from around the world with guest performances by Philip Graulty of Los Angeles Electric 8, well known Korean percussionist Go Seokjin (who often accompanies Jang Sa-ik, and a host of other friends including Karjam's childhood schoolmate and exceptional vocalist Samkuchet. One of Karjam's songs was included on the CD "Tribal Beats: Music for the Strange and Beautiful Vol. 3" curated by Bellydance sensation April Rose.

Karjam is known for his strong singing voice, frequently singing a cappella. He also accompanies himself with the bouzouki, the Tibetan dranyen, and sometimes on the mandolin and banjo.

Karjam joins a fairly large group of musicians in the Tibetan tradition now active in the West, including singer Techung, singer Yungchen Lhamo, singer Phurbu T Namgyal, flautist Nawang Khechog and Jewish-American Tibetan-genre performer Amalia Rubin.

## Partial discography

| Album Information |
| --- |
| *Pilgrimage** Released: 2007 |
| *Tibet in my Heart** Released: 2011 |
|

## InfoBox

| Karsangjamtso "Karjam" Saeji | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Maqu County, Gansu Province, China |
| Genres | New-age, Traditional, World |
| Years active | 1991 - Present |
|  | |
| Website | www.karjamsaeji.com |


title: Frederick Arthur

abstract:
Sir Frederick Leopold Arthur, 2nd Baronet was a British soldier. The son of Sir George Arthur, 1st Bt and Eliza Orde Smith, he was commissioned into the 4th Foot in 1833. He transferred to the 40th Foot in 1850 and the 18th Hussars in 1863. He became a colonel, and succeeded to the baronetcy in 1854. On 24 April 1856, he married Lady Elizabeth Hay-Drummond, daughter of the Earl of Kinnoull. They had three children:
  - Frederica Louisa Juliana Arthur, married Alfred Darby
  - Sir George Compton Archibald Arthur, 3rd Bt (1860–1946)
  - Captain Leonard Robert Sunkersett Arthur, CMG, died unmarried He is buried on the eastern edge of Brompton Cemetery in London with his sister, Isabella Maria Malton, his two sons, George* and Leonard, and Kate Harriet, George's* wife.

text:
# Frederick Arthur

**Sir Frederick Leopold Arthur, 2nd Baronet** (Plymouth, 20 December 1816 – 1 June 1878) was a British soldier.

The son of Sir George Arthur, 1st Bt and Eliza Orde Smith, he was commissioned into the 4th Foot in 1833. He transferred to the 40th Foot in 1850 and the 18th Hussars in 1863. He became a colonel, and succeeded to the baronetcy in 1854.

On 24 April 1856, he married Lady Elizabeth Hay-Drummond, daughter of the Earl of Kinnoull. They had three children:

* Frederica Louisa Juliana Arthur (d. 23 March 1946), married Alfred Darby
* Sir George Compton Archibald Arthur, 3rd Bt (1860–1946)
* Captain Leonard Robert Sunkersett Arthur, CMG (23 December 1864 – 13 December 1903), died unmarried

He is buried on the eastern edge of Brompton Cemetery in London with his sister, Isabella Maria Malton, his two sons, George\* and Leonard, and Kate Harriet, George's\* wife ( i.e. The wife of George\* the son of Frederick).

Coat of arms of Frederick Arthur
|  | CrestIn front of two swords in saltire Proper pommels and hilts Or a pelican in her piety Sable the nest Or. EscutcheonOr on a chevron Azure between two clarions in chief Gules and a kangaroo sejant in base Proper two swords the points upwards also Proper points and hilts of the first on a chief of the third a horse courant Argent. MottoStet Fortuna Domus (May The Fortune of the House Stand) |
| --- | --- |

1. *Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage & Titles of Courtesy*. 1878.


title: Waiting for Anya (film)

abstract: Waiting for Anya is a 2020 historical war drama film co-written and directed by Ben Cookson. It is a film adaptation of the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Morpurgo. The film stars Noah Schnapp, Thomas Kretschmann, Frederick Schmidt, Jean Reno, and Anjelica Huston. The film premiered at the 2020 Miami Jewish Film Festival and was released on 7 February 2020.

text:
# Waiting for Anya (film)

***Waiting for Anya*** is a 2020 historical war drama film co-written and directed by Ben Cookson. It is a film adaptation of the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Morpurgo.

The film stars Noah Schnapp, Thomas Kretschmann, Frederick Schmidt, Jean Reno, and Anjelica Huston. The film premiered at the 2020 Miami Jewish Film Festival and was released on 7 February 2020.

## Plot

The film begins in the summer of 1942, during World War II in the German occupation of France, a small village in the Pyrenees. A Jewish father named Benjamin walks his daughter, Anya, to the safety of a train fleeing France. One day, a young shepherd named Jo discovers several Jewish children hidden on a farm run by a widow, Horcada, and her son-in-law, the aforementioned Benjamin. Benjamin has lost track of Anya, but hopes to one day find her. During this time, helped by his mother-in-law, he helps the young Jews whom they protect to flee to Spain through the mountains. But this time, their mission is disrupted by the Germans who skirt the border, making it impossible to escape. Listening only to his courage, Jo decides to keep their secret and do everything to help them escape to Spain.

Supported by his grandfather, several inhabitants of the village and his father, a former prisoner of the Germans, Jo allies with Benjamin and the widow Horcada to allow the children to escape across the border. Although many children manage to escape to Spain one child becomes very sick and Benjamin takes her to the village where they are taken by the Germans. It transpires that one friendly German officer (who lost his own daughter in a Berlin bombing) was aware of the children hiding but kept quiet about it, later telling Jo “at least we achieved something”.

One year after the war ends Anya eventually reaches the village and is welcomed by her grandmother and Jo.

## Cast

## Release

The film premiered at the Miami Jewish Film Festival on 16 January 2020, and was theatrically released in the United States on 7 February 2020 by Vertical Entertainment and in the United Kingdom on 21 February 2020.

## Reception

### Box office

*Waiting for Anya* grossed $0 in the United States and Canada, and a worldwide total of $139,504.

### Critical response

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 43% of 28 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 5/10. Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 38 out of 100, based on five critics, indicating "generally unfavorable" reviews.

## InfoBox

| Waiting for Anya | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Ben Cookson |
| Written by | * Toby Torlesse * Ben Cookson |
| Based on | *Waiting for Anya*
by Michael Morpurgo |
| Produced by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Gerry Vasbenter |
| Edited by | Chris Gill |
| Music by | James Seymour Brett |
| Production
companies | * Goldfinch * Fourth Culture Films * Bad Penny Productions * 13 Films * Artémis Productions |
| Distributed by | Vue Cinemas |
| Release dates | * 16 January 2020 (2020-01-16) (Miami Jewish Film Festival) * 7 February 2020 (2020-02-07) (United States) * 21 February 2020 (2020-02-21) (United Kingdom) |
| Running time | 109 minutes |
| Countries | United Kingdom
Belgium |
| Languages | English
French
German |
| Box office | $139,504 |


title: Pieman River Power Development

abstract: Pieman River Power Development was a major 1970s and 1980s hydroelectric development of the Pieman River and its tributaries on the west coast of Tasmania.

text:
# Pieman River Power Development

**Pieman River Power Development** was a major 1970s and 1980s hydroelectric development of the Pieman River and its tributaries on the west coast of Tasmania.

## Development

The *Pieman River Power Development* was approved by the Tasmanian government in 1971, construction began in 1974 and it was completed in 1987.

The damming of the river was the subject of a struggle between conservation groups and Hydro Tasmania, similar to Lake Pedder . The struggle went relatively unnoticed on mainland Australia - and it was the proposed Franklin Dam issue that was to catch a much wider Australian audience, than the damming of the Pieman or King Rivers.

The development included three power stations and five dams:-

It also included work on the two major tributaries of the Pieman, the Mackintosh and the Murchison rivers.

### Legacy

It remains Hydro Tasmania's most successfully multi-dammed catchment on the West Coast, and it was developed after the Upper Gordon Scheme (Lake Pedder) and was being completed in the era of the Franklin Dam controversy. It could be seen as the last major Power Development Scheme undertaken by the Hydro during its stage as an expanding dam-making enterprise. The King River and Henty River developments that followed required specifically challenging engineering on the part of Hydro, but were smaller projects in duration.


title: Hammer-on

abstract: A hammer-on is a playing technique performed on a stringed instrument by sharply bringing a fretting-hand finger down on to the fingerboard behind a fret, causing a note to sound. This technique is the opposite of the pull-off. Passages in which a large proportion of the notes are performed as hammer-ons and pull-offs instead of being plucked or picked in the usual fashion are known in classical terminology as legato phrases. The sound is smoother and more connected than in a normally picked phrase, due to the absence of the necessity to synchronize the plucking of one hand with the fingering on the fingerboard with the other hand; however, the resulting sounds are not as brightly audible, precisely due to the absence of the plucking of the string, the vibration of the string from an earlier plucking dying off. The technique also facilitates very fast playing because the picking hand does not have to move at such a high speed, and coordination between the hands only has to be achieved at certain points. Multiple hammer-ons and pull-offs together are sometimes also referred to colloquially as "rolls", a reference to the fluid sound of the technique. A hammer-on is usually represented in guitar tablature by a letter h. A rapid series of alternating hammer-ons and pull-offs between a single pair of notes is called a trill. The term hammer-on was first invented and popularized by Pete Seeger in his book How to Play the 5-String Banjo. Seeger also invented the term pull-off. In the Banjo tutor book "Ellis's Thorough School For 5 String Banjo" published prior to 1900, the term 'Hammer on' is used to describe the action of performing an embellishment called 'the Shake'. The description is "The Shake, which is marked 'tr', is played in the following manner. Strike(pick) the first note only with the right hand & the remainder of the passage with the 2nd finger of the left hand, by 'hammering on' the string while it is vibrating". In the same tutor book, the action 'pull off' is termed the 'snap'.

text:
# Hammer-on

A **hammer-on** is a playing technique performed on a stringed instrument (especially on a fretted string instrument, such as a guitar) by sharply bringing a fretting-hand finger down on to the fingerboard behind a fret, causing a note to sound. This technique is the opposite of the pull-off.

Passages in which a large proportion of the notes are performed as hammer-ons and pull-offs instead of being plucked or picked in the usual fashion are known in classical terminology as *legato* phrases. The sound is smoother and more connected than in a normally picked phrase, due to the absence of the necessity to synchronize the plucking of one hand with the fingering on the fingerboard with the other hand; however, the resulting sounds are not as brightly audible, precisely due to the absence of the plucking of the string, the vibration of the string from an earlier plucking dying off.

The technique also facilitates very fast playing because the picking hand does not have to move at such a high speed, and coordination between the hands only has to be achieved at certain points. Multiple hammer-ons and pull-offs together are sometimes also referred to colloquially as "rolls", a reference to the fluid sound of the technique.

A hammer-on is usually represented in guitar tablature (especially that created by computer) by a letter h.

A rapid series of alternating hammer-ons and pull-offs between a single pair of notes is called a trill.

The term *hammer-on* was first invented and popularized by Pete Seeger in his book *How to Play the 5-String Banjo*. Seeger also invented the term *pull-off*.

In the Banjo tutor book "Ellis's Thorough School For 5 String Banjo" published prior to 1900, the term 'Hammer on' is used to describe the action of performing an embellishment called 'the Shake'. The description is "The Shake, which is marked 'tr', is played in the following manner. Strike(pick) the first note only with the right hand & the remainder of the passage with the 2nd finger of the left hand, by 'hammering on' the string while it is vibrating". In the same tutor book, the action 'pull off' is termed the 'snap'.


title: Ophir, Oregon

abstract: Ophir is an unincorporated community in Curry County, Oregon, United States. It has a post office with a ZIP code 97464. Ophir lies at the intersection of Oregon Route 515 and U.S. Route 101, northeast of Nesika Beach.

text:
# Ophir, Oregon

**Ophir** is an unincorporated community in Curry County, Oregon, United States. It has a post office with a ZIP code 97464. Ophir lies at the intersection of Oregon Route 515 and U.S. Route 101, northeast of Nesika Beach.

## InfoBox

| Ophir, Oregon | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
|  | |
| OphirLocation within the state of OregonOphirOphir (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 42°33′47″N 124°22′58″W / 42.56306°N 124.38278°W / 42.56306; -124.38278 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oregon |
| County | Curry |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific (PST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
| ZIP codes | 97464 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1147252 |


title: Morristown High School

abstract: Morristown High School (MHS) is a four-year public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from three communities in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Morris School District. The school serves students from Morristown and Morris Township, along with students from Morris Plains, who attend the district's high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Morris Plains Schools. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1952. As of the 2022–23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,868 students and 139.5 classroom teachers, for a student–teacher ratio of 13.4:1. There were 379 students eligible for free lunch and 94 eligible for reduced-cost lunch. MHS receives students from Frelinghuysen Middle School, Morris Plains Borough School, and several public and private middle schools.

text:
# Morristown High School

**Morristown High School** (**MHS**) is a four-year public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from three communities in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Morris School District. The school serves students from Morristown and Morris Township, along with students from Morris Plains, who attend the district's high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Morris Plains Schools. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1952.

As of the 2022–23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,868 students and 139.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.4:1. There were 379 students (20.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 94 (5.0% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

MHS receives students from Frelinghuysen Middle School, Morris Plains Borough School, and several public and private middle schools.

## History

Morristown High School was opened on December 13, 1869 on Maple Avenue, four years after Morristown had seceded from Morris Township. It accepted students from both the town and the township. The first graduates were the class of 1874, consisting of eight students, five girls and three boys.

Morristown High School played its first football game on September 28, 1901, against Port Oram (now Wharton) high school.

The cornerstone of the current MHS building was laid on September 9, 1916. Classes at the current building began on September 4, 1918.

In May 1974, the Harding Township School District was given permission by the State Commissioner of Education to end their sending / receiving relationship with the Morris School District and begin sending their students to Madison High School starting with the 1975–76 school year, ruling that the withdrawal of the mostly white students from Harding Township would not "cause a disproportionate change in the racial composition of Morristown High School".

On May 4, 1974, Morristown High School had "racial violence" between Black and white students, which started at a carnival on Madison Street and erupted again in subsequent days, resulting in several injuries to students. The school was closed while efforts were made to address tensions.

In 2005, Linda D. Murphy, an assistant principal at Morristown High School, was promoted to principal of Morristown High School, becoming the first Morristown High School graduate (Class of 1972) to fill the position.

In 2009, year-round rotating block schedule replaced the semester-based block scheduling.

In 2013, A/B block scheduling replaced the year-round rotating block schedule.

In 2018, Homeroom was abolished in exchange for a later starting time.

On March 14, 2018, students walked out to protest gun violence after one month of the school shooting in Parkland, Florida.

## Awards, recognition and rankings

The school was the 116th-ranked public high school in New Jersey out of 339 schools statewide in *New Jersey Monthly* magazine's September 2014 cover story on the state's "Top Public High Schools", using a new ranking methodology. The school had been ranked 75th in the state of 328 schools in 2012, after being ranked 66th in 2010 out of 322 schools listed. The magazine ranked the school 78th in 2008 out of 316 schools.

In the 2011 "Ranking America's High Schools" issue by *The Washington Post*, the school was ranked 69th in New Jersey and 2,029th nationwide.

## Academics

Morristown High School provides 285 courses (including Honors and AP) to its students. Out of the 285 courses, 28 are offered as AP courses and range from AP Calculus BC to AP Music Theory. College Prep level courses are also offered to students as a step down from Honors level courses. AP tests along with SAT and ACT exams are conducted onsite. Students have access to extracurricular activities in the form of programs like Marching Band, Jazz Ensemble, or Theatre; student clubs like Girls Who Code, Future Teachers, or Habitat for Humanity; honor societies.

Morristown High School also offers "STEM Academy," an enrichment program for students in grades 9-12. STEM Academy offers pathways in Biomedicine, Engineering, Architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Research Science, Computer Science, Mathematics and General STEM.

## Athletics

The Morristown High School Colonials participate in the Northwest Jersey Athletic Conference, an athletic conference comprised of high schools located in Morris, Sussex and Warren counties, operating under the auspices of the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association. Prior to the NJSIAA's 2010 realignment, the school had competed as part of the Iron Hills Conference, which included schools in Essex, Morris and Union counties. With 1,394 students in grades 10-12, the school was classified by the NJSIAA for the 2019–20 school year as Group IV for most athletic competition purposes, which included schools with an enrollment of 1,060 to 5,049 students in that grade range. The football team competes in the Freedom Blue division of the North Jersey Super Football Conference, which includes 112 schools competing in 20 divisions, making it the nation's biggest football-only high school sports league. The school was classified by the NJSIAA as Group V North for football for 2024–2026, which included schools with 1,317 to 5,409 students.

The boys track team won the Group III spring / outdoor track state championship in 1959.

The boys cross country running team won the Group IV state championship in 1967 and 1985, and won the Group III title in 1996 and 1997.

The boys track team won the indoor track public state championship in Group IV in 1969.

The football team won the North II Group IV state sectional championship in 1974, North II Group III title in 1993, 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2010. The 1974 team finished the season with a 10-0 record after winning the first North II Group IV sectional title of the playoff era with a 30-10 victory against Bloomfield High School at the championship game played indoors in front of a crowd of 4,500 at Atlantic City Convention Hall. The 1993 team finished the season with a 9-1-1 record after winning the North II Group III title with a 25-0 victory against Morris Knolls High School in the championship game. The 1998 team won the North II Group III sectional championship by a score of 37-14 over Westfield High School, to finish the season 11-0.

The boys' track team won the Group IV indoor relay state championship in 1987 and 1988, and won the Group III title in 2010.

The field hockey team won the North II Group IV state sectional championship in 1987, 1989 and 1991, won the North I Group IV title in 2002 and 2016-2018, and won the North I Group III title in 2005 and 2006.

The baseball team won the Group III state championship in 1993 (defeating Steinert High School in the tournament final) and 2006 (vs. Ocean Township High School), and won the Group IV title in 2004 (vs. Steinert). The team won the Group III state championship in 2006 with wins over Northern Valley Regional High School at Old Tappan in the semifinals and Ocean Township High School in the finals, by scores of 3-1 and 11–7, respectively. They finished the season ranked third in the state in *The Star Ledger*'s Top 20. The team has won the Morris County Tournament 15 times, the most of any school in tournament history, winning in 1968, 1971, 1972, 1975-1977, 1979, 1985, 1986, 1990, 1993, 1999, 2009, 2010 and 2018.

The girls cross country team won the Group III state championship in 1997 and 2011.

The boys fencing team was the épée team winner in 2005. The program's nine individual state champions is tied for third-most in the state.

The ice hockey team won the Public B championship in 2014 and won the Public A title in 2016. The team won the Public B state championship in 2014, beating Ramsey High School by a score of 1–0 in the tournament final, with the game-winning goal scored with less than a minute left in the game to break a scoreless tie and earn Morristown the program's first championship. In 2016, the team won their second title, this time in the Public A division, against Randolph High School by a final score of 2–0.

The girls lacrosse team won the North Group 4 Girls Lacrosse Championship in 2022 and 2024, both times against Ridgewood High School.

The girls softball team won the Section 1, Group 4 Championship in 2024, against Columbia High School.

The girls basketball team won the North Jersey Group 4, Section 1, title in 2017 and 2024.

The school has two certified athletic trainers providing sports medicine coverage to all levels of athletics across all three seasons.

## Administration

The school's principal is Mark Manning. His core administration team includes four assistant principals.

## Notable people

### Alumni

### Faculty

## InfoBox

| Morristown High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 50 Early Street
Morristown, Morris County, New Jersey 07960
United States | |
| Coordinates | 40°48′05″N 74°29′11″W / 40.80139°N 74.48639°W / 40.80139; -74.48639 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public high school |
| Established | 1869 (1869) |
| School district | Morris School District |
| NCES School ID | 341081004366 |
| Principal | Mark Manning |
| Faculty | 139.5 FTEs |
| Grades | -12 |
| Enrollment | 1,868 (as of 2022–23) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 13.4:1 |
| Color(s) | Maroon and
white |
| Athletics conference | Northwest Jersey Athletic Conference (general)
North Jersey Super Football Conference (football) |
| Team name | Colonials |
| Publication | *The Tricorn* (literary magazine) |
| Newspaper | *The Broadcaster* |
| Yearbook | *The Cobbonian* |
| Radio station | WJSV 90.5 |
| Website | mhs.morrisschooldistrict.org |


title: Gil Junger

abstract: Gil Junger is an American director, most famous for 10 Things I Hate About You, his directorial film debut. He is a 1972 graduate of the Trinity-Pawling School in Pawling, New York.

text:
# Gil Junger

**Gil Junger** (born November 7, 1954) is an American director, most famous for *10 Things I Hate About You*, his directorial film debut. He is a 1972 graduate of the Trinity-Pawling School in Pawling, New York.

## Filmography

### Film

**TV movies**

**Direct-to-video**

### Television

| Year | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1987–1989 | *It's a Living* | 7 episodes |
| 1993–1994 | *Nurses* | 21 episodes |
| 1994–1995 | *Blossom* | 12 episodes |
| 1996–1998 | *Ellen* | 30 episodes |
| 1998 | *Two of a Kind* | 4 episodes |
| 1999 | *Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place* | 2 episodes |
| 2000 | *Movie Stars* | 11 episodes |
| 2001–2002 | *According to Jim* | 13 episodes |
| 2002 | *8 Simple Rules* | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 2003–2006 | *Hope & Faith* | 35 episodes |
| 2009–2010 | *10 Things I Hate About You* | 12 episodes, also series consultant |
| 2011 | *Harry's Law* | Episode: "Purple Hearts" |
| 2012 | *Sullivan & Son* | Episode: "The Prodigal Sister" |
| 2014 | *Mystery Girls* | 2 episodes |
| 2015 | *Table 58* | Episode: "Pilot" |
| | *Devious Maids* | 2 episodes |
| 2017 | *K.C. Undercover* | 2 episodes |

## InfoBox

| Gil Junger | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1954-11-07) November 7, 1954<br>New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Film director, screenwriter |


title: Frederick W. Rowe

abstract: Frederick William Rowe was a U.S. Representative from New York.

text:
# Frederick W. Rowe

**Frederick William Rowe** (March 19, 1863 – June 20, 1946) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

## Biography

Born in Wappingers Falls, New York, Rowe attended the common schools. He was graduated from De Garmo Institute in 1882 and from Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, in 1887. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in New York City in 1889 and practiced in Brooklyn and New York City until 1904. In 1896 he helped create a combination with several landowners which would develop what became Crown Heights South. This company was named the Eastern Parkway Company and had a hand in shaping the character of the neighborhood. He served as president of several companies, including a street railway company. He served as director of the Dime Savings Bank of Brooklyn.

Rowe was elected as a Republican to the Sixty-fourth, Sixty-fifth, and Sixty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1921). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1920. He resumed his former business activities in New York City. He died in Rockville Centre, New York on June 20, 1946. He was interred in Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

* United States Congress. "Frederick W. Rowe (id: R000476)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.

## InfoBox

| Frederick W. Rowe | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 6th district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1915  March 3, 1921 | |
| Preceded by | William M. Calder |
| Succeeded by | Warren I. Lee |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1863-03-19)March 19, 1863
Wappingers Falls, New York |
| Died | June 20, 1946(1946-06-20) (aged 83)
Rockville Centre, New York |
| Political party | Republican |
|  | |


title: Waiting for Armageddon

abstract: Waiting for Armageddon is a 2009 American documentary film that studies Armageddon theology and Christian eschatology. Some evangelicals in the United States believe that bible prophecy predicts events including the rapture and the Battle of Armageddon. The documentary raises questions regarding how this theology shapes United States and Middle East relations and how it may encourage an international holy war.

text:
# Waiting for Armageddon

***Waiting for Armageddon*** is a 2009 American documentary film that studies Armageddon theology and Christian eschatology. Some evangelicals in the United States believe that bible prophecy predicts events including the rapture and the Battle of Armageddon. The documentary raises questions regarding how this theology shapes United States and Middle East relations and how it may encourage an international holy war.

## Interviews

The documentary interviews Christians, Zionists, Jews and probes the politics and alliance between Evangelical Christians and Israel. This alliance is believed by some to set the stage for World War III.

## Structure

The documentary is structured around four stages of the apocalypse: 1) Rapture; 2) Tribulation; 3) Armageddon; 4) Millennialism.

## InfoBox

| Waiting for Armageddon | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Kate Davis, Franco Sacchi, David Heilbroner |
| Produced by | Franco Sacchi
David Heilbroner |
| Music by | Gary Lionelli |
| Distributed by | Q-Ball Productions Inc
Eureka Film Productions LLC |
| Release dates | * January 28, 2009 (2009-01-28) (New York Jewish Film Festival) * January 8, 2010 (2010-01-08) (United States) |
| Running time | 74 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Phostria phryganurus

abstract: Phostria phryganurus is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Cajetan Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1875. It is found in Amazonas, Brazil.

text:
# Phostria phryganurus

***Phostria phryganurus*** is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Cajetan Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1875. It is found in Amazonas, Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Phostria phryganurus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Genus: | *Phostria* |
| Species: | ***P. phryganurus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Phostria phryganurus***<br>(C. Felder, R. Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Botys phryganurus* C. Felder, R. Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875 | |


title: Naoki Kodaka

abstract: Naoki Kodaka is a Japanese video game music composer who worked for Sunsoft. He is currently a professor of music at several universities and occasionally composes new music for special events. Kodaka first learned to play piano during his early childhood but quit formal training at age 7, finding that he preferred to play popular music. He later resumed his classical studies in high school and would go on to major in composition at the Aichi Prefectural University of the Arts. Following his graduation, he briefly worked on producing music for radio and television. Among his classmates, Kodaka was known to spend much of his spare time in arcades, and this ultimately attracted Sunsoft to hire him as a video game composer. He is best known for writing the soundtracks for Journey to Silius, Batman, Blaster Master, Gremlins 2: The New Batch, the Albert Odyssey series, Super Fantasy Zone, and a few other titles. He was almost always assisted on his NES projects by sound programmers Nobuyuki Hara, Shinichi Seya, and sometimes Naohisa Morota. Usually, Kodaka would compose songs on traditional sheet music, and the sound programmers would translate the compositions for the NES, sometimes receiving feedback from Kodaka on how the songs should sound. Kodaka retired from game music composition in 2002 and became a professor at Nagoya College of Music, where he teaches composition, arrangement, and production. At some later time, he also joined the faculty at Daido University, where he teaches music theory and computer-based music.

text:
# Naoki Kodaka

**Naoki Kodaka** (小高 直樹, *Kodaka Naoki*) is a Japanese video game music composer who worked for Sunsoft. He is currently a professor of music at several universities and occasionally composes new music for special events.

Kodaka first learned to play piano during his early childhood but quit formal training at age 7, finding that he preferred to play popular music. He later resumed his classical studies in high school and would go on to major in composition at the Aichi Prefectural University of the Arts. Following his graduation, he briefly worked on producing music for radio and television. Among his classmates, Kodaka was known to spend much of his spare time in arcades, and this ultimately attracted Sunsoft to hire him as a video game composer.

He is best known for writing the soundtracks for *Journey to Silius*, *Batman* (NES, Genesis and Game Boy versions), *Blaster Master, Gremlins 2: The New Batch*, the *Albert Odyssey series*, *Super Fantasy Zone*, and a few other titles. He was almost always assisted on his NES projects by sound programmers Nobuyuki Hara, Shinichi Seya, and sometimes Naohisa Morota. Usually, Kodaka would compose songs on traditional sheet music, and the sound programmers would translate the compositions for the NES, sometimes receiving feedback from Kodaka on how the songs should sound. Kodaka retired from game music composition in 2002 and became a professor at Nagoya College of Music, where he teaches composition, arrangement, and production. At some later time, he also joined the faculty at Daido University, where he teaches music theory and computer-based music.

## Works

## InfoBox

| Naoki Kodaka小高 直樹 | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | N-Kodaka |
| Born | Japan |
| Genres | Video game music, chiptune |
| Occupation | Composer |
| Instrument | Keyboards |
| Years active | 1986–present |
|  | |
| Website | www.jcaa1970.com/arrangers/konsakka24.htm |


title: Hammer-headed tenon

abstract:
Hammer-headed tenon joints are one method that can be used to join curved members of joinery components. The hammer-headed tenon is used to join a curved member to a straight member such as a curved head member to a jamb. The tenon is formed on the jamb and the mortise to receive the tenon is formed on the curved member. The mortise is increased in size to receive a pair of folding wedges each side of the tenon. The hammer-headed key is used where there is no straight member to form the tenon. It is difficult to form a strong tenon on curved cut timber as the short grain there will weaken it, so two mortise sockets are formed one in each piece and a separate tenon piece called a key is formed to fit. As with the hammer-headed tenon the mortise sockets are increased in size to allow for the folding wedges each side of the tenon. When the joint is fitted and glued together it is the folding wedges that give the cramping effect that tightens the shoulder of the joint. Both these hammer-headed joints need good attention to detail from the joiner as they are difficult to make completely by machine or power tool. Other joints that can be used on curved headed frames are:
Draw dowelled bridle or mortise
Handrail bolts and dowels

text:
# Hammer-headed tenon

**Hammer-headed tenon** joints are one method that can be used to join curved members of joinery components.

**The hammer-headed tenon** is used to join a curved member to a straight member such as a curved head member to a jamb. The tenon is formed on the jamb and the mortise to receive the tenon is formed on the curved member. The mortise is increased in size to receive a pair of folding wedges each side of the tenon.

**The hammer-headed key** is used where there is no straight member to form the tenon. It is difficult to form a strong tenon on curved cut timber as the short grain there will weaken it, so two mortise sockets are formed one in each piece and a separate tenon piece called a key is formed to fit. As with the hammer-headed tenon the mortise sockets are increased in size to allow for the folding wedges each side of the tenon.

When the joint is fitted and glued together it is the folding wedges that give the cramping effect that tightens the shoulder of the joint.

Both these hammer-headed joints need good attention to detail from the joiner as they are difficult to make completely by machine or power tool.

Other joints that can be used on curved headed frames are:
Draw dowelled bridle or mortise
Handrail bolts and dowels


title: Oppa, Oppa

abstract: Oppa, Oppa is a digital single by Super Junior sub-group, Donghae&Eunhyuk. It was released on-line on 16 December 2011 by SM Entertainment and distributed by KMP Holdings. The single was digitally released in Taiwan on 21 December 2011 by Avex Taiwan. It was also released in Japan on 4 April 2012 by Avex Trax, as a CD single with Japanese and Korean versions of the songs.

text:
# Oppa, Oppa

***Oppa, Oppa*** (Korean: 떴다오빠; RR: *Ddeotda Oppa*, literally: *Brother Has Risen*) is a digital single by Super Junior sub-group, Donghae&Eunhyuk. It was released on-line on 16 December 2011 by SM Entertainment and distributed by KMP Holdings.

The single was digitally released in Taiwan on 21 December 2011 by Avex Taiwan. It was also released in Japan on 4 April 2012 by Avex Trax, as a CD single with Japanese and Korean versions of the songs.

## Background

The single comprises two songs, the title track "Oppa, Oppa" and ballad "First Love". "Oppa, Oppa", written and produced by frequent collaborators Youngsky and Peter of Korean R&B/hip-hop group One Way, is a track that features a "lively rhythm and beat in a retro dance atmosphere" with lyrics implying their group's popularity. The song also has a similar lyrical concept to the group's track with f(x), "Oops!", from the repackaged album *A-Cha*. It also contains an interpolation of the song "Funkytown" by Lipps Inc. "First Love" is a two-minute piano ballad written by Donghae which serves as a prelude to the title track.

The song was first performed at group's *Super Show 4* Seoul concert on 19 November 2011. Then, a month after the performance, SM Entertainment announced that both Donghae and Eunhyuk will promote the song on music shows: Music Bank on 16 December, Music Core on 17 December and Inkigayo on 18 December.

## Music videos

The first music video was also released on 16 December, which features the performance of the song in *Super Show 4*. Another version was released on 21 December 2011 and was edited and directed by Super Junior member Shindong, marking it his directorial debut. In this video, there are cameo appearances by Amber of Korean girl group f(x), Youngsky, Peter of One Way, and Shindong.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "First Love" (첫사랑) | Donghae | Peter (Team Onesound) and Donghae | 2:06 |
| 2. | "Oppa, Oppa" (떴다 오빠) | Youngsky and Peter | Youngsky and Peter | 3:17 |
| Total length: | | | | 5:20 |

## Japanese release

| "Oppa, Oppa" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Oppa, Oppa* Japanese CD single cover | |
| Single by Donghae&Eunhyuk | |
| Released | 4 April 2012 (2012-04-04) |
| Recorded | 2012 |
| Length | 10:40 |
| Label | Avex Trax |
| Songwriter(s) | Peter, Youngsky |
| Producer(s) | One Way |
| Donghae&Eunhyuk singles chronology | |
| "**Oppa, Oppa**"
(2012) "I Wanna Dance"
(2013) | |

The single was released in Japanese with an original Japanese music video on 4 April 2012. On the day of its release, it reached number two on Oricon Daily Chart with 42,114 copies sold. It debut at number two on Oricon Weekly Chart for the week of 2 to 8 April 2012 with 68,475 copies sold and number one on Tower Records' daily charts. The pair then held a fan meeting, *Premium Mini Live Event*, in support of the single on 11 April at Shibuya-AX, Tokyo.

### Track listing

CD
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "First Love" (첫사랑) | Donghae | Peter (Team Onesound) and Donghae | 2:06 |
| 2. | "Oppa, Oppa" (떴다 오빠) | Youngsky and Peter | Youngsky and Peter | 3:17 |
| 3. | "First Love (Korean version)" (첫사랑) | Donghae | Peter (Team Onesound) and Donghae | 2:06 |
| 4. | "Oppa, Oppa (Korean version)" (떴다 오빠) | Youngsky and Peter | Youngsky and Peter | 3:17 |
| Total length: | | | | 10:40 |

DVD 1. "Oppa, Oppa" music video
2. "Oppa, Oppa" music video (dance version type A)
3. music video making-of

## Chart

| Chart | Period | Peak
position | Reported
sales |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Oricon Daily Singles Chart | 4 April 2012 | 2 | 42,114 |
| Oricon Weekly Singles Chart | 2 – 8 April 2012 | | 68,475 |

## InfoBox

| "Oppa, Oppa" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Oppa, Oppa* single cover | |
| Single by Donghae&Eunhyuk | |
| Released | 16 December 2011 (2011-12-16) |
| Recorded | 2011 |
| Genre | Dance-pop |
| Length | 5:20 |
| Label | S.M. Entertainment
Avex Taiwan
KMP Holdings |
| Songwriter(s) | Peter, Youngsky |
| Producer(s) | One Way |
| Donghae&Eunhyuk singles chronology | |
| "**Oppa, Oppa**"
(2011) "Still You"
(2013) | |


title: UCLA School of Nursing

abstract: The UCLA School of Nursing is a nursing school affiliated with UCLA, and is located in the Westwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. The school is housed in the Doris and Louis Factor Health Sciences Building, known as the Factor Building, on the south end of UCLA's 400-plus-acre campus, adjacent to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center. The school is consistently named to U.S. News & World Report's Top Nursing Schools list, ranking the master's program 16th and the baccalaureate program among the top 10 in 2021-22. It is also one of the country's highest research-funded schools, ranking in the top 20 among nursing schools in grant funding from the National Institute of Health.

text:
# UCLA School of Nursing

The **UCLA School of Nursing** is a nursing school affiliated with UCLA, and is located in the Westwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. The school is housed in the Doris and Louis Factor Health Sciences Building, known as the Factor Building, on the south end of UCLA's 400-plus-acre campus, adjacent to the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center.

The school is consistently named to U.S. News & World Report's Top Nursing Schools list, ranking the master's program 16th and the baccalaureate program among the top 10 in 2021-22. It is also one of the country's highest research-funded schools, ranking in the top 20 among nursing schools in grant funding from the National Institute of Health.

## History

### Early Nursing Education at UCLA

UCLA, a public research university in Los Angeles, was founded in 1919.

Nursing education at UCLA dates back to 1929. In the early days, registered nurses received certificates in public health offered through university extension courses.

In 1932 a group of public health nurses advocated for a Department of Nursing Education to be established in the College of Letters and Science. Dr. Elinore Beebe, RN, PhD, recruited from Yale, became the first director of the UCLA Public Health Nursing program under the Department of Bacteriology in 1937.

The 1940s was a time of reorganization and growth for the program. The Bachelor of Science degree was established within a new College of Applied Arts. In 1946 the Department of Public Health Nursing became the Department of Nursing, with faculty added to develop courses to prepare nursing supervisors.

### Establishing a School of Nursing

Professor Lulu K. Wolf (later Hassenplug) from Vanderbilt University was recruited to develop a nursing school at UCLA. Wolf had graduated with honors in 1924 from the Army School of Nursing, Walter Reed Hospital, and earned her BS from Columbia University Teachers' College in 1927.

In 1949 the University of California Regents (UC Regents) authorized the School of Nursing as one of the professional schools of the UCLA Centers for the Health Sciences, and Wolf was appointed the school's first dean. This action paved the way in 1950 for the opening of an undergraduate traditional program in nursing leading to the Bachelor of Science (BS) degree and the establishment of a graduate program leading to the Master of Science (MS) degree in nursing the following year. In 1966 the Master of Nursing (MN) degree was established as an alternate option to the MS degree. The MS degree program was discontinued in 1969.

Meanwhile, in the 1960s, the school hosted and participated in international programs with many countries around the world including Columbia, Egypt, Hong Kong, India, and Japan, which led to an increase in the number of international students.

The Regents approved the Doctor of Nursing Science (DNSc) degree program in 1986, and in 1987 the first doctoral students were admitted. In the mid-1990s, the master's degree designation MN was changed to Master of Science in Nursing (MSN), and the doctoral degree designation DNSc was changed to PhD in Nursing.

In 1993 admissions to the bachelor's program was suspended and the last class graduated in 1997. In its place, the Bridge program was introduced to meet the educational needs of students who are registered nurses with associate degrees or diplomas in nursing.

In 2006 the school reinstated a traditional / prelicensure BS program with admission at the freshman level and launched the Master's Entry Clinical Nurse (MECN) / prelicensure program option within the MSN degree program, which is designed for prelicensure students with bachelor's degrees or higher education in another discipline.

The UCLA School of Nursing is approved by the Undergraduate and Graduate Councils of the Academic Senate of the University of California at Los Angeles. In addition, the prelicensure (BS and MECN) and advanced practice master's programs are approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing. In 2011 the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) accredited the existing bachelor's and master's degree programs for a term of 10 years, the highest that can be granted. UCLA holds Western Association of Schools and Colleges accreditation.

## Academics / Degree Programs

The UCLA School of Nursing offers five degree programs including Bachelor of Science (a pre-licensure program for undergraduate study), MSN – Master's Entry Clinical Nurse (for those with a baccalaureate degree in another discipline who desire a career in nursing), Master of Science in Nursing – Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (for nurses with a bachelor's degree in nursing), Doctor of Philosophy (for individuals who wish to pursue a research trajectory), and Doctor of Nursing Practice. Education is provided in both classroom and clinical settings. In addition to degree programs, the school offers summer research programs and accepts applications from all qualified nursing students with junior status from any undergraduate institution in the United States. The eight-week program is designed for students who plan to pursue a PhD degree and enter academic careers in nursing. Research areas include Biobehavioral Sciences, Biologic Sciences, Health Disparities/Vulnerable Populations, and Health Services Research.

## Research

UCLA School of Nursing scholars represent a wide range of disciplines including nursing, medicine, public health, statistics, epidemiology, physiological sciences, and the basic sciences. All are committed to scholarship in the service of improving health, wellness, and quality of life throughout the lifespan. Some examples of faculty research include:

* The impact of heart failure and sleep apnea on brain function
* Screening, prevention, assessment and management of pressure ulcers and wound care
* Cellular targets for Alzheimer's treatments or prevention
* Gene therapy that has high potential to advance the science in HIV/AIDS
* Nutritional strategies to increase fertility
* Cardiovascular impact from hookah smoking

## Rankings

Ranked #16 on the U.S. News & World Report Best Grad School Rankings: Best Nursing Schools: Master's and among the top 10 Best Bachelor of Science in Nursing Degrees (for 2021–2022) . Schools are ranked according to their performance across a set of widely accepted indicators of excellence.

NCLEX Pass Rates (for 2017–2018): BSN: 96% MSN: 95%

## Deans

## Distinguished Alumni and Faculty

34°04′00″N 118°26′31″W / 34.066779°N 118.441974°W / 34.066779; -118.441974

## InfoBox

UCLA School of Nursing
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Motto | Nursing Reimagined. Nursing Redefined. |
| Type | Public |
| Established | 1949 |
| Parent institution | University of California, Los Angeles |
| Dean | Lin Zhan, PhD, RN, FAAN |
| Location | Los Angeles, California, United States |
| Website | www.nursing.ucla.edu |


title: Larry Leichliter

abstract: Lawrence "Larry" Leichliter is an American animator and director who began his work in animation in 1975 with the made-for-TV Peanuts special You're a Good Sport, Charlie Brown. Throughout his career, he has worked on Peanuts animated television films, but he has also contributed to other successful animated series including Nickelodeon's ChalkZone and The Mighty B! and Cartoon Network's Time Squad, Squirrel Boy, The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack, Sym-Bionic Titan, and Adventure Time.

text:
# Larry Leichliter

**Lawrence "Larry" Leichliter** is an American animator and director who began his work in animation in 1975 with the made-for-TV *Peanuts* special *You're a Good Sport, Charlie Brown*. Throughout his career, he has worked on *Peanuts* animated television films, but he has also contributed to other successful animated series including Nickelodeon's *ChalkZone* and *The Mighty B!* and Cartoon Network's *Time Squad*, *Squirrel Boy*, *The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack*, *Sym-Bionic Titan*, and *Adventure Time*.

## Career

Leichliter's career in animation began in 1975 when he worked on *You're a Good Sport, Charlie Brown*. This was followed by numerous other *Peanuts* specials that he was a crew member of throughout the late 1970s and 1980s. Since then, he has worked on many animated television series, particularly those made for Nickelodeon, which include *Hey Arnold!*, *ChalkZone*, *SpongeBob SquarePants*, *CatDog*, *The Fairly OddParents*, *The Mighty B!*, and *Catscratch*. Leichliter more recently was a director for the Cartoon Network original series *Adventure Time*, for which he directed 114 episodes and the original short. *Adventure Time* also garnered him three Primetime Emmy Award nominations in the category "Outstanding Short-Format Animated Program" in 2010, 2011, and 2012. He is currently directing *Bee and PuppyCat* for Cartoon Hangover. In 2015, he received a Primetime Emmy Award for his work as animation director on *Over the Garden Wall*.

## Filmography

| Year | Work | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1975 | *You're a Good Sport, Charlie Brown* | Assistant animator | TV short |
| 1976 | *It's Arbor Day, Charlie Brown* | Assistant animator | TV short |
| 1977 | *Race for Your Life, Charlie Brown* | Animator | Theatrical movie |
| | *It's Your First Kiss, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| 1978 | *What a Nightmare, Charlie Brown!* | Assistant animator | TV short |
| 1979 | *You're the Greatest, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| 1980 | *She's a Good Skate, Charlie Brown* | Assistant animator | TV short |
| | *Bon Voyage, Charlie Brown (and Don't Come Back!!)* | Animator | Theatrical movie |
| | *Life Is a Circus, Charlie Brown* | Assistant animator | TV short |
| 1981 | *It's Magic, Charlie Brown* | Assistant animator | TV short |
| | *Someday You'll Find Her, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| | *No Man's Valley* | Animator | TV short |
| 1982 | *A Charlie Brown Celebration* | Animator | TV movie |
| | *Hey Good Lookin'* | Assistant animator | Theatrical movie |
| | *Here Comes Garfield* | Animator | TV short |
| 1983 | *Is This Goodbye, Charlie Brown?* | Animator | TV short |
| | *It's an Adventure, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV movie |
| | *What Have We Learned, Charlie Brown?* | Animator | TV short |
| | *Garfield on the Town* | Animator | TV short |
| 1983–85 | *The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show* | Animator | TV series; 10 episodes |
| 1984 | *It's Flashbeagle, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| 1985 | *Snoopy's Getting Married, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| | *The Romance of Betty Boop* | Animator | TV movie |
| | *You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| 1986 | *Happy New Year, Charlie Brown!* | Animator | TV short |
| | *It's Three Strikes, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| 1987 | *Cathy* | Animator | TV movie |
| 1988 | *Snoopy: The Musical* | Animator | TV movie |
| | *It's the Girl in the Red Truck, Charlie Brown* | Graphic blandishment | TV movie |
| | *Cathy's Last Resort* | Animator | TV movie |
| 1988–89 | *This Is America, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV mini-series; 7 episodes |
| 1989 | *Cathy's Valentine* | Animator | TV movie |
| 1990 | *Why, Charlie Brown, Why?* | Animator | TV short |
| 1991 | *Snoopy's Reunion* | Animator | TV short |
| | *Rock-a-Doodle* | Character clean-up artist | Theatrical movie |
| 1992 | *It's Christmastime Again, Charlie Brown* | Graphic blandishment | TV short |
| | *Frosty Returns* | Animator | TV short |
| | *It's Spring Training, Charlie Brown* | Animator | TV short |
| 1994 | *You're in the Super Bowl, Charlie Brown* | Supervisor: Taiwan | TV short |
| | *A Troll in Central Park* | Character clean-up artist | Theatrical movie |
| | *Garfield and Friends* | Animator (archive footage) | TV series; 1 episode |
| 1994–95 | *Spider-Man* | Animation director | TV series; 3 episodes |
| 1995 | *Aladdin* | Character designer | TV series; 1 episode |
| 1996–98 | *Hey Arnold!* | Director; animation director; supervising director; sheet timer | TV series; 10 episodes |
| 1998 | *CatDog* | Director | TV series; 1 episode |
| 1999–2007 | *SpongeBob SquarePants* | Animation director; sheet timer | TV series; 7 episodes |
| 2001 | *The Fairly OddParents* | Director | TV series; 4 episodes |
| | *Time Squad* | Director; retake supervisor; timing director | TV series; 2 episodes |
| 2002 | *A Charlie Brown Valentine* | Animation supervisor | TV short |
| | *ChalkZone* | Supervising director; supervising producer | TV series; 1 episode |
| | *Charlie Brown's Christmas Tales* | Director | TV short |
| | *Jeffrey Cat: Claw and Order* | Director; animation timer | TV short/pilot |
| | *Baby Looney Tunes* | Animation Timing Director | TV series; 5 episodes |
| 2003 | *Lucy Must Be Traded, Charlie Brown* | Director | TV short |
| | *I Want a Dog for Christmas, Charlie Brown* | Director | TV short |
| 2004 | *Party Wagon* | Animatic, animation supervisor | TV movie |
| 2005 | *Danger Rangers* | Sheet timing | TV series; 1 episode |
| 2005–06 | *Catscratch* | Sheet timer; timing director | TV series; 4 episodes |
| 2006 | *He's a Bully, Charlie Brown* | Director; animation supervisor | TV movie |
| 2007 | *Squirrel Boy* | Sheet timer | TV series; 1 episode |
| 2007–08 | *Random! Cartoons* | Director; sheet timer; lip assignment | TV series; 6 episodes |
| 2008 | *Ni Hao, Kai-Lan* | Sheet timing | TV series; 1 episode |
| 2008–09 | *The Mighty B!* | Director; supervising timing director; sheet timer | TV series; 40 episodes |
| 2009–10 | *The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack* | Sheet timer | TV series; 19 episodes |
| 2009 | *Regular Show* \- "The Pilot" | Animation director | Web short |
| 2010–12 | *Adventure Time* | Director; supervising director | TV series; 114 episodes |
| 2010–11 | *Sym-Bionic Titan* | Animation director; sheet timer | TV series; 11 episodes |
| 2011 | *Secret Mountain Fort Awesome* | Animation director | TV series; 1 episode |
| | *Thank You* | Collaborating director | Short |
| 2012–13 | *Gravity Falls* | Timing director | TV series; 11 episodes |
| 2013–16 | *Bee and PuppyCat* | Director | YouTube series; |
| 2013–15 | *Sofia the First* | Co-director | TV series |
| 2016–19 | *The Loud House* | Sheet timer | TV series |

## InfoBox

| Larry Leichliter | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Lawrence Leichliter
United States |
| Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley
University of California, Los Angeles |
| Years active | 1975–present |


title: RVK Studios

abstract: RVK Studios is an Icelandic film production company. It superseded Blueeyes Productions by making all future productions from now on. The company's director and chairman of the board is Baltasar Kormákur who is a highly acclaimed director, writer and producer on an international scale. RVK Studios mainly creates Icelandic drama films and TV shows for an international audience. After the merger, RVK studios has produced big films like Everest, The Oath and TV shows like Trapped. More films and TV shows are in production, such as Víkingr, Mules, Katla, and Eve.

text:
# RVK Studios

**RVK Studios** is an Icelandic film production company. It superseded Blueeyes Productions by making all future productions from now on. The company's director and chairman of the board is Baltasar Kormákur who is a highly acclaimed director, writer and producer on an international scale. RVK Studios mainly creates Icelandic drama films and TV shows for an international audience.

After the merger, RVK studios has produced big films like *Everest*, *The Oath* and TV shows like *Trapped*. More films and TV shows are in production, such as *Víkingr*, *Mules*, *Katla*, and *Eve*.

## InfoBox

RVK Studios
|
|  |
| Industry | Film |
| Founder | Baltasar Kormákur |
| Headquarters | Reykjavík, Iceland |
| Products | Motion pictures, television films |


title: Thérèse Cadorette

abstract: Thérèse Cadorette was a Québécois writer and actress. A square in Montreal, Quebec, was renamed to honour her in 2016, as part of the Toponym'elles initiative.

text:
# Thérèse Cadorette

**Thérèse Cadorette** (1925 – 2007) was a Québécois writer and actress. A square in Montreal, Quebec, was renamed to honour her in 2016, as part of the Toponym'elles initiative.

## Career

Thérèse Cadorette began her career in theatre with the Compagnons de Saint-Laurent. She later pursued a career in television and was cast in roles for *La famille Plouffe* and *Les Belles Histoires des pays d'en haut*.

## Square Thérèse-Cadorette

On November 25, 2016, a local square was officially renamed **Square Thérèse-Cadorette** as part of Montreal's efforts to improve the representation of women in public spaces.


title: N of 1 trial

abstract: An N of 1 trial (N=1) is a multiple crossover clinical trial, conducted in a single patient. A trial in which random allocation is used to determine the order in which an experimental and a control intervention are given to a single patient is an N of 1 randomized controlled trial. Some N of 1 trials involve randomized assignment and blinding, but the order of experimental and control interventions can also be fixed by the researcher. This type of study has enabled practitioners to achieve experimental progress without the work of designing a group comparison study. This design, especially if including blinding and wash-out periods, can be effective in confirming causality. N-of-1 trials, if used in clinical practice to inform therapeutic decisions concerned with the patient participating in the trial, can be a source of evidence about individual treatment responses, fulfilling the promise of personalized medicine.

text:
# N of 1 trial

An **N of 1 trial** (**N=1**) is a multiple crossover clinical trial, conducted in a single patient. A trial in which random allocation is used to determine the order in which an experimental and a control intervention are given to a single patient is an N of 1 randomized controlled trial. Some N of 1 trials involve randomized assignment and blinding, but the order of experimental and control interventions can also be fixed by the researcher.

This type of study has enabled practitioners to achieve experimental progress without the work of designing a group comparison study. This design, especially if including blinding and wash-out periods, can be effective in confirming causality. N-of-1 trials, if used in clinical practice to inform therapeutic decisions concerned with the patient participating in the trial, can be a source of evidence about individual treatment responses, fulfilling the promise of personalized medicine.

## Design

The N of 1 trials can be designed in many ways. For example, Single-Patient Open Trials (SPOTs) are located somewhere in between the formal (explanatory) N of 1 trials and the trial and error approach used in clinical practice and are characterized by at least one crossover period with washout in between. One of the most common procedures is the ABA withdrawal experimental design, where the patient problem is measured before a treatment is introduced (baseline) and then measured again during the treatment and finally when the treatment has terminated. If the problem vanished during the treatment it can be established that the treatment was effective. But the N=1 study can also be executed in an AB quasi experimental way; such type-2 N of 1 studies can be effective for testing treatments for severe, rare diseases when the expected effect of the intervention exceeds the effect size of confounders. Another variation is non-concurrent experimental design where different points in time are compared with one another. The standard approach to therapy choice, the trial and error method, may also be included in the N of 1 design. This experimental design also has a problem with causality, whereby statistical significance under a frequentist paradigm may be un-interpretable but other methods, such as clinical significance or Bayesian methods should be considered.

Many consider this framework to be a proof of concept or hypothesis generating process to inform subsequent, larger clinical trials.

## List of variation in N of 1 trial

| Design | Causality | Use |
| --- | --- | --- |
| A-B | Quasi experiment | Often the only possible method |
| A-A1-A | Experiment | Placebo design where A is no drug and A1 is a placebo |
| A-B-A | Experiment | Withdrawal design where effects of B phase can be established |
| A-B-A-B | Experiment | Withdrawal design where effects of B phase can be established |
| A-B-A-B-A-B | Experiment | Withdrawal design where effects of B phase can be established |
| A-B1-B2-B3-Bn-A | Experiment | Establishing the effect of different versions of B phase |

Quasi experiment means that causality cannot be definitively demonstrated. Experiment means that it can be demonstrated.

## Examples

An N of 1 trial is usually used to assess individual responses to treatments targeting chronic diseases. This design can be successfully implemented to determine optimal treatments for patients with diseases as diverse as osteoarthritis, chronic neuropathic pain and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

N of 1 designs can also be observational and describe natural intra-individual changes in health-related behaviours or symptoms longitudinally. N of 1 observational designs require complex statistical analysis of N of 1 data however, a simple 10-step procedure is available. There has also been work to adapt causal inference counterfactual methods for using N of 1 observational studies to design subsequent N of 1 trials.

While N of 1 trials are increasing, results of a recent systematic review found that statistical analyses in these studies would improve with more methodological and statistical rigor across all periods of the studies.

## The Quantified Self

With the cultural phenomenon of the quantified self a proliferation of personal experiments akin to N=1 is occurring, along with some detailed reports about them. This trend has been sparked in part by the growing ease of collecting data and analysing it, and also motivated by the ability of individuals to report such data easily.

A famous proponent and active experimenter was Seth Roberts, who reported on his self-experimental findings on his blog, and later published *The Shangri-La Diet* based on his conclusions from these self-experiments.

## Global networks

The International Collaborative Network for N-of-1 Trials and Single-Case Designs (ICN) is a global network for clinicians, researchers and consumers who have an interest in these methods. There are over 400 members of the ICN who are based in over 30 countries across the globe. The ICN was established in 2017 and is co-chaired by Jane Nikles and Suzanne McDonald.

## Further reading

* Guyatt GH, Keller JL, Jaeschke R, Rosenbloom D, Adachi JD, Newhouse MT (February 1990). "The n-of-1 randomized controlled trial: clinical usefulness. Our three-year experience". *Annals of Internal Medicine*. **112** (4): 293–9. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-112-4-293. PMID 2297206.
* Johnston BC, Mills E (December 2004). "n-of-1 randomized controlled trials: an opportunity for complementary and alternative medicine evaluation". *Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine*. **10** (6): 979–84. doi:10.1089/acm.2004.10.979. PMID 15673992.
* Avins AL, Bent S, Neuhaus JM (June 2005). "Use of an embedded N-of-1 trial to improve adherence and increase information from a clinical study". *Contemporary Clinical Trials*. **26** (3): 397–401. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2005.02.004. PMID 15911473.
* Nikles CJ, Mitchell GK, Del Mar CB, Clavarino A, McNairn N (June 2006). "An n-of-1 trial service in clinical practice: testing the effectiveness of stimulants for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder". *Pediatrics*. **117** (6): 2040–6. doi:10.1542/peds.2005-1328. PMID 16740846. S2CID 20325906.


title: Hans Smits

abstract: Hans Karel Daniël Smits is a former water polo player from The Netherlands, who won the bronze medal with the Dutch Men's Team at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

text:
# Hans Smits

**Hans Karel Daniël Smits** (born January 24, 1956) is a former water polo player from The Netherlands, who won the bronze medal with the Dutch Men's Team at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

## InfoBox

Hans Smits
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1956-01-24) January 24, 1956<br>Den Helder, North Holland, Netherlands |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Water polo |
| Medal record      Representing  Netherlands  Olympic Games  1976 Montreal  Team competition | |


title: Indira Spence

abstract: Indira Spence is a Jamaican athlete who specialises in the 100 metres hurdles. She represented her country at the 2011 World Championships reaching the semifinals, as well as the 2014 World Indoor Championships. She has personal bests of 12.92 seconds in 100 metres hurdles and 8.05 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles.

text:
# Indira Spence

**Indira Spence** (born 8 September 1986, in Trelawny) is a Jamaican athlete who specialises in the 100 metres hurdles. She represented her country at the 2011 World Championships reaching the semifinals, as well as the 2014 World Indoor Championships.

She has personal bests of 12.92 seconds in 100 metres hurdles (+1.3 m/s, Kingston 2012) and 8.05 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Fayetteville 2010).

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Jamaica | | | | | |
| 2010 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Mayagüez, Puerto Rico | 5th | 100 m hurdles | 13.22 |
| 2011 | Universiade | Shenzhen, China | 7th (sf) | 100 m hurdles | 13.261 |
| | World Championships | Daegu, South Korea | 13th (sf) | 100 m hurdles | 12.93 |
| 2013 | Central American and Caribbean Championships | Morelia, Mexico | 5th | 100 m hurdles | 13.49 |
| 2014 | World Indoor Championships | Sopot, Poland | 18th (h) | 60 m hurdles | 8.14 |
| | Commonwealth Games | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 11th (h) | 100 m hurdles | 13.44 |

1Did not finish in the final


title: Gortin St Patrick's GAC

abstract: Gortin St Patrick's is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the village of Gortin in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland.

text:
# Gortin St Patrick's GAC

**Gortin St Patrick's** is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the village of Gortin in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland.

## Honours

## InfoBox

Gortin St Patrick's
| *Naomh Pádraig, An Goirtín* | |
| --- | --- |
| County: | Tyrone |
| Colours: | Blue and yellow |
| Coordinates: | 54°43′09.20″N 7°13′48.70″W / 54.7192222°N 7.2301944°W / 54.7192222; -7.2301944 |
| Playing kits | |
|  | |


title: Tūwhenua

abstract: In Māori tradition, Tūwhenua was one of the great ocean-going, voyaging canoes that were used in the migrations that settled New Zealand. The waka is linked to Bay of Plenty iwi. Some Māori from Ngatiira, of Ōpōtiki, state that Tamatea came from Hawaiki in Tūwhenua, and that he found a tribe of aborigines living at Motu on his arrival.

text:
# Tūwhenua

In Māori tradition, ***Tūwhenua*** was one of the great ocean-going, voyaging canoes (or waka) that were used in the migrations that settled New Zealand. The waka is linked to Bay of Plenty iwi. Some Māori from Ngatiira, of Ōpōtiki, state that Tamatea came from Hawaiki in *Tūwhenua*, and that he found a tribe of aborigines living at Motu on his arrival.

## InfoBox

*Tūwhenua*
| Great Māori migration waka | |
| --- | --- |
| Settled at | Bay of Plenty |


title: Larry Lelli

abstract: Larry Lelli is an American freelance drummer, percussionist, conductor and producer.

text:
# Larry Lelli

**Larry Lelli** is an American freelance drummer, percussionist, conductor and producer.

## Early life

Lelli, growing up in small town Wisconsin, was drawn to drumming from a young age. "I'm one of those people who, for better or worse, are born with an innate passion for something. My passion happened to be drumming. So, the desire was always there, and my earliest memories are of me banging away on pots and pans or tabletops, or any other surface where I could make a sound." Lelli attended La Crosse Central High School where he became attracted to jazz music. He then graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire in 1990 and subsequently moved to the Twin Cities where he played with local jazz groups around the city. Eventually, he moved to Nashville where he began making connections with big-name acts.

## Career

Lelli has performed and recorded with several musicians and musical groups including Melissa Etheridge, The Mamas & the Papas, Anika Noni Rose, Sebastian Bach, Vanessa L. Williams, Doug Stone, Heather Headley, Geoff Keezer, and trombonist *Andre Stephani*. Lelli is best known for his work with Broadway musicals. His resume includes about 30 different Broadway shows such as *The Producers*, *Million Dollar Quartet*, *A Christmas Story*, Come From Away, and Stephen Sondheim & John Weidman's *Assassins*. Lelli is an active educator, and presents masterclasses around the world specializing in approaches for performing on Broadway & musical theatre for Yamaha Drums & Sabian Cymbals. Lelli is also a writer, regularly contributing to the magazine *Modern Drummer* and other educational publications. Lelli is currently based in New York City.

## Style

Lelli is known for his versatility and has been called a "musical chameleon." He performs in Latin, jazz, classical, funk, country, Broadway, and rock styles. Lelli's ability to switch styles smoothly has led to him being a highly sought after musician in New York City. "\[His versatility\] is part of the reason he is one of the top-call freelance drummers in NYC." Lelli's ability to perform in many styles has also led to much work in film and television including several commercials.

## InfoBox

| Larry Lelli | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Chicago, Illinois |
| Origin | Eau Claire, Wisconsin |
| Genres | Jazz, rock, Broadway, Latin, Country |
| Occupation(s) | Musician, writer, producer |
| Instrument | Drums |
|  | |
| Website | larrylelli.com |


title: Kasagh, Aragatsotn

abstract: Kasagh, is an abandoned village in the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia. It was abandoned in 1965 and its ruins now lie beneath the Aparan Reservoir. After the abandonment of the village, the population was moved to a new village called Kasagh, built at the northwestern suburbs of Yerevan, currently part of the Kotayk Province.

text:
# Kasagh, Aragatsotn

40°32′N 44°25′E / 40.533°N 44.417°E / 40.533; 44.417

**Kasagh** (formerly, **Chamyrlu** and **Chamrlu**), is an abandoned village in the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia. It was abandoned in 1965 and its ruins now lie beneath the Aparan Reservoir.

After the abandonment of the village, the population was moved to a new village called Kasagh, built at the northwestern suburbs of Yerevan, currently part of the Kotayk Province.

## InfoBox

| Kasagh | |
| --- | --- |
| Kasagh | |
| Coordinates: 40°32′N 44°25′E / 40.533°N 44.417°E / 40.533; 44.417 | |
| Country | Armenia |
| Marz (Province) | Aragatsotn |
| Time zone | UTC+4 ( ) |