title: Warionia

abstract: Warionia is a genus in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. The only known species is Warionia saharae, an endemic of Algeria and Morocco, and it is locally known in the Berber language as afessas, abessas or tazart n-îfiss. It is an aromatic, thistle-like shrub of ½–2 m high, that contains a white latex, and has fleshy, pinnately divided, wavy leaves. It is not thorny or prickly. The aggregate flower heads contain yellow disk florets. It flowers from April till June. Because Warionia is deviant in many respects from any other Asteraceae, different scholars have placed it hesitantly in the Cardueae, Gundelieae, Mutisieae, but now genetic analysis positions it as the sister group to all other Cichorieae.

text:
# Warionia

***Warionia*** is a genus in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. The only known species is ***Warionia saharae***, an endemic of Algeria and Morocco, and it is locally known in the Berber language as **afessas**, **abessas** or **tazart n-îfiss**. It is an aromatic, thistle-like shrub of ½–2 m high, that contains a white latex, and has fleshy, pinnately divided, wavy leaves. It is not thorny or prickly. The aggregate flower heads contain yellow disk florets. It flowers from April till June. Because *Warionia* is deviant in many respects from any other Asteraceae, different scholars have placed it hesitantly in the Cardueae, Gundelieae, Mutisieae, but now genetic analysis positions it as the sister group to all other Cichorieae.

## Description

*Wariona* is an aromatic shrub, usually between ½–2 m, occasionally only 15 cm or up to 3 m high, that has a network of latex-carrying canals throughout the plant with sticky, white, milky latex. It also has oil canals. It carries glandular hairs that consist of two parallel series of a few cells on top of each other (or biserial). It has thirty-four chromosomes (2n = 34).

### Root, stem and leaf

*Warionia saharae* has a light brown taproot, reminiscent of a parsnip. The youngest plants consist above ground of a rosette of oblanceolate, dentate leaves. Older plants develop stems, which are initially green but eventually become woody and develop a corky, grey bark. With about 75 μm, the diameter of the wood vessels is at the high end of the range within the Asteraceae. Wood fibers are relatively thick-walled. The wavy, somewhat fleshy leaves are set alternating along the stems, 2–13 cm long and 1–3 cm wide, oblong to oblanceolate. They are sinuate to pinnately partite, while the main vein in each lobe extends into an acute tip. The leaf is pinnately veined. While the leaf blade narrows at the foot, it still extends to the stem. The leaf surface is softly hairy with glandular hairs particularly near the edge.

### Inflorescence

The erect flowerheads stand individually at the tip of the stems or with two or three together. Each is 3–4 cm long, 4½–6 cm wide, and contains disk florets only. The common base of the florets (or receptacle) is flat with indents where the florets are inplanted, while scales and hairs are absent. The bell-shaped involucre consists of four to five rows of green bracts, sometimes tinged purple at the stretched tip and with a papery irregularly fine dentate edge. The bracts in the outer row are 6–7 mm long and 1½–2 mm wide, while bracts in rows further up are increasingly long, eventually reaching 21–23 mm. Each head carries twenty five to forty florets.

### Florets

Each individual floret is bisexual, with a yellow, star-symmetric corolla of 22–25 mm long, consisting of a narrow, straight or S-shaped tube of 10–11 mm long, which abruptly widens into a deeply 5-lobed bell, the twisting lobes being 7–8 mm long, softly haired, with twin hairs and glandular hairs consisting of two piles of a few cells, while the tip is adorned with a tuft of hairs. Like in all asteraceae the five anthers are fused into a tube, through which the style grows, picking up the pollen on hairs along its length. The anthers in *Warionia* are yellow, 11–12 mm long, their base reaching 1½–2 mm below the attachment to the yellow hearless filaments, and the acute tips reaches 2 mm above the merged tube. The pollen grains are large, approximately globular, tricolpate, carrying spines and with perforations between the spines. The yellow style, has a widened base carrying a nectary, grows to eventually 24–26 mm long, and splits in its female phase at the tip into two 4–6 mm long branches. The inner surface of the style branches is completely covered papillae, while the outer surface has hairs extending somewhat below the branches.

### Fruit

The fruit below the corolla (called cypsela) is 4½–5 mm long, 1½–3 mm wide, narrowed at the tip, where it carries a collar, with a shaggy appearance due to white hairs. Like in all Asteraceae the calyx has changed and is called pappus. In this case it consists of two circles of rigid, white-yellowish, somewhat papery bristles, that carry small teeth at regular distances along their length, mostly 15–18 mm long, but some of the outer bristles only 2½  mm long.

### Phytochemistry

The plants produce a pungent smell when touched, due to the aromatic oil, which contains 42–53% β-eudesmol, 17½% trans-nerolidol, 5–8½% linalool and about 2½% guaiol. The essential oil content is approximately 1% of the weight of the dried leaves. When damaged, the plants ooze a very sticky white latex, which, like in the other Cichorioideae, has a high triterpene content.

## Taxonomy

Jean Pierre Adrien Warion collected specimens in 1865 and 1866, south-west of the Algerian coastal mountain range. These were named *Warionia saharae* and described by George Bentham and Ernest Cosson, in the Bulletin of the Société botanique de France in 1872. There are no synonyms. The species was initially assigned to the Cardueae. In the 1970s, scholars thought it better placed in the Mutisieae sensu lato. In 1991 however, Hansen, who made a thorough morphological analysis of the Mutisieae sensu lato, suggested *Warionia* would be closer related to the Cardueae due to its spiny pollen, the bell-shape of the florets and the stiff hairs on the style.

### Phylogeny

Recent genetic analysis identifies the species as the sister of all other Cichorieae, in its own subtribe Warioniinae. The following tree represents the relationships between *Warionia* and its relatives.

### Etymology

The genus name *Warionia* is named in honor of Adrien Warion (1837–1880), a French military physician and botanist who made extensive collections while stationed in North Africa. The specific epithet *saharae* refers to the Sahara desert, in a small part of which this plant naturally occurs.

## Distribution and ecology

*Warionia saharae* is an endemic of Morocco between Tamanar, Ifni, Erfoud and Figuig, and of Algeria, in the Naâma Province and the Béni Ounif District. It grows on slopes of the High Atlas, Anti-Atlas and Saharian Atlas, along the coast of southern Morocco, and in the desert, on mafic and siliceous rock, at altitudes between sea level and 1300 m. At Ifni it was found growing together with *Euphorbia echinus*, *E. obtusifolia* and *Senecio anteuphorbium*. The species loses its leaves when seasonal water availability drops below a threshold in summer, but in cultivation it keeps its leaves as long as it is watered adequately. In the wild it occurs to be pest-free, except for browsing goats which can have a detrimental impact on it. Pollen matures before the styles are fertile and this makes the species dependent on cross-pollination. As individuals usually appear distant from each other and pollinating insects may be scarce, seed fertility may be low.

## Cultivation

The species can be grown from seed in free draining compost at 30 °C by day and 15 °C at night. It may grow to 1½ m in its first year, at which stage the stems become woody. In cultivation, whitefly may be a problem and when it is damp, mildew may occur on the leaves.

## Use

*Warionia saharae* is said to have healing properties due to the essential oils it contains. An infusion of the dried leaves is used against arthritis and epilepsy. Local healers use it to cure uterus infections. Local women use the plant as a perfume and "believe that the supernatural powers attributed to the plant make them more seductive".

## InfoBox

| *Warionia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Cichorioideae |
| Tribe: | Cichorieae |
| Subtribe: | Warioniinae
Gemeinholzer & N.Kilian |
| Genus: | *Warionia*
Benth. & Coss. |
| Species: | ***W. saharae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Warionia saharae***
Benth. & Coss. | |
|


title: Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park

abstract: Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park is a municipal electoral division in Toronto, Ontario that has been represented in the Toronto City Council since the 2018 municipal election. It was last contested in 2022, with Gord Perks elected councillor for the 2022–2026 term.

text:
# Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park

**Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park** is a municipal electoral division in Toronto, Ontario that has been represented in the Toronto City Council since the 2018 municipal election. It was last contested in 2022, with Gord Perks elected councillor for the 2022–2026 term.

## History

The ward was created in 2018 when the provincial government aligned Toronto's then-44 municipal wards with the 25 corresponding provincial and federal ridings. The current ward is an amalgamation of the old Ward 13 (western section), the old Ward 14 (eastern section).

### 2018 municipal election

Ward 4 was first contested during the 2018 municipal election. Then-Ward 14 incumbent Gord Perks, who had served since 2006 was elected with 44.55 per cent of the vote.

### 2022 municipal election

Incumbent Gord Perks secured re-election in a competitive race against fellow progressive Chemi Lhamo.

## Geography

Parkdale—High Park is part of the Toronto and East York community council.

It is bounded on the west by the Humber River, and on the east by rail lines used for Metrolinx operations, Dufferin Street and Lake Shore Boulevard. The ward's north boundary follows the Canadian Pacific Railway track just south of St. Clair Avenue, and the south boundary is Lake Ontario.

## Councillors

| Council term | Member | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | High Park (Metro Council) | |
| 1988–1991 | Derwyn Shea | |
| 1991–1994 | |
| 1994–1997 | David Miller | |
|  | Ward 19 High Park | |
| 1997–2000 | David Miller, Chris Korwin-Kuczynski | |
|  | Ward 13 Parkdale—High Park | Ward 14 Parkdale—High Park |
| 2000–2003 | David Miller | Chris Korwin-Kuczynski |
| 2003–2006 | Bill Saundercook | Sylvia Watson |
| 2006–2010 | | Gord Perks |
| 2010–2014 | | Sarah Doucette |
| 2014–2018 | |
|  | Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park | |
| 2018–2022 | Gord Perks | |
| 2022–2026 | |

## Election results

| **2022 Toronto municipal election, Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park** | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Candidate | Vote | % |
| **Gord Perks** (X) | **11,149** | **35.48** |
| Chemi Lhamo | 9,919 | 31.56 |
| Siri Agrell | 8,077 | 25.70 |
| Christopher Jurlik | 827 | 2.63 |
| Steve Yuen | 827 | 2.63 |
| Andrew Gorham | 626 | 1.99 |

| **2018 Toronto municipal election, Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park** | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Candidate | Votes | Vote share |
| **Gord Perks** | 16,887 | 44.55% |
| David Ginsberg | 8,181 | 21.58% |
| Kalsang Dolma | 5,352 | 14.12% |
| Evan Tummillo | 2,367 | 6.24% |
| Valerie Grdisa | 1,771 | 4.67% |
| Nick Pavlov | 874 | 2.31% |
| Taras Kulish | 868 | 2.29% |
| Alex Perez | 686 | 1.81% |
| José Vera | 544 | 1.44% |
| Mercy Okalowe | 373 | 0.98% |
| **Total** | 37,903 | 100% |
| Source: City of Toronto | | |

1. "44-Ward Model (2014-2018)". *City of Toronto*. 2017-11-14. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
2. Bronskill, Jim (2021-03-10). "City of Toronto tells Supreme Court that Doug Ford's government disrupted democracy by slashing council during election". *The Globe and Mail*. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
3. Shum, David (October 13, 2018). "Toronto election 2018: Ward 4 Parkdale–High Park". *Global News*. Archived from the original on November 24, 2021.
4. Pagliaro, Jennifer (2018-04-30). "With Toronto's new ward map, here's what you need to know for the 2018 municipal election". *The Toronto Star*. ISSN 0319-0781. Archived from the original on 2018-05-11. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
5. "A look at Toronto's city councillors under the new 25-ward system". *CTV News Toronto*. October 22, 2018. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
6. "Community Council". *City of Toronto 311 Knowledge Base*. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
7. "Declaration of Results" (PDF). Toronto City Clerk's Office. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 25, 2018. Retrieved November 24, 2021.

## InfoBox

| Ward 4 Parkdale—High Park | |
| --- | --- |
| Constituency<br>for the Toronto City Council | |
| Location of Ward 4 in Toronto | |
| City | Toronto |
| Population | 108,805 (2016) |
| Current constituency | |
| Created | 2018 |
| Councillor | Gord Perks |
| Community council | Toronto/East York |
| Created from | * Ward 13 * Ward 14 |
| First contested | 2018 election |
| Last contested | 2022 election |
| Ward profile | www.toronto.ca/ward-4-parkdale-high-park/ |


title: Hadrotrichodes

abstract: Hadrotrichodes is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

text:
# Hadrotrichodes

***Hadrotrichodes*** is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

## InfoBox

| *Hadrotrichodes* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Eulophidae |
| Subfamily: | Tetrastichinae |
| Genus: | *Hadrotrichodes*<br>LaSalle, 1994 |
|
| Species | |
|  | |


title: Habel Satya

abstract: Habel Satya is an Indonesian former footballer who plays as a midfielder. He is known for his acceleration, pace, and agility in the field.

text:
# Habel Satya

**Habel Satya** (born 12 September 1987 in Wamena, Papua) is an Indonesian former footballer who plays as a midfielder. He is known for his acceleration, pace, and agility in the field.

## Career statistics

As of 27 June 2012.

| Club | Season | League | | Cup | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| **Persiwa Wamena** | 2005 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 1 |
| | 2006 | 16 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 21 | 0 |
| | 2007-08 | 30 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 32 | 4 |
| | 2008-09 | 27 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 30 | 3 |
| | 2009-10 | 30 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 1 |
| | 2010-11 | 20 | 1 | - | | 20 | 1 |
| | 2011-12 | 14 | 1 | - | | 14 | 1 |
| Total | | 154 | 8 | 10 | 3 | 164 | 11 |
| Career totals | | 154 | 8 | 10 | 3 | 164 | 11 |

1. "Persatuan Sepakbola Seluruh Indonesia | Football Association of Indonesia". Archived from the original on 15 September 2010. Retrieved 7 October 2010.
2. "Habel Satya - Goal.com". *Goal.com*. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
3. "Habel Satya Akan Segera Gabung Tim Nasional - PERSIWA WAMENA". Retrieved 14 May 2018.

## InfoBox

Habel Satya
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Habel Satya | | |
| Date of birth | (1988-09-12) 12 September 1988 | | |
| Place of birth | Wamena, Indonesia | | |
| Height | 1.76 m (5 ft 9+12 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder, Winger | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2005–2014 | Persiwa Wamena | 265 | (31) |
| 2015–2016 | Persigubin Pegunungan Bintang | 19 | (0) |
| 2017–2018 | Yahukimo | 18 | (6) |
| International career | | | |
| 2005 | Indonesia U-20 |  |  |
| 2008 | Indonesia U-21 |  |  |
| 2006–2009 | Indonesia U-23 |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 27 June 2012 | | | |


title: Habemus Capa

abstract: Habemus Capa is the third studio album by the Italian rapper Caparezza, released on March 24, 2006. The album title and the final track of the same name are a play on the traditional Latin phrase "Habemus Papa" used to announce the selection of a new Pope. The idea for the album comes from the idea that Caparezza hypothetically dies, like in the last track of the previous album, but, as he "dies" while he is still alive, he can gain from the success of the album.

text:
# Habemus Capa

***Habemus Capa*** is the third studio album by the Italian rapper Caparezza, released on March 24, 2006. The album title and the final track of the same name are a play on the traditional Latin phrase "Habemus Papa" (more properly Habemus Papam) used to announce the selection of a new Pope.

The idea for the album comes from the idea that Caparezza hypothetically dies, like in the last track of the previous album, but, as he "dies" while he is still alive, he can gain from the success of the album.

## Track listing

1. "Mors mea tacci tua" – 0:26
2. "Annunciatemi al pubblico" – 4:07
3. "Torna Catalessi" – 3:57
4. "Gli insetti del podere" – 3:58
5. "Dalla parte del toro" – 3:58
6. "Ninna nanna di Mazzarò" – 4:41
7. "Il silenzio dei colpevoli" – 4:08
8. "Profilo psichico" – 0:35
9. "La mia parte intollerante" – 4:22
10. "Inno verdano" – 3:49
11. "Epocalisse" – 3:54
12. "Tii-yan" – 0:24
13. "The Auditels Family" – 4:07
14. "Ti giri" – 3:41
15. "Titoli" – 3:55
16. "Felici ma trimoni" – 4:53
17. "Sssaasss" – 0:22
18. "Sono troppo stitico" – 3:58
19. "Habemus Capa" – 4:24

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Italy (FIMI) | Gold | 25,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| Habemus Capa | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Caparezza | |
| Released | March 24, 2006 |
| Label | EMI |
| Caparezza chronology | |
| *Verità supposte*
(2003) ***Habemus Capa***
(2006) *Le dimensioni del mio caos*
(2008) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Habemus Capa* | |
| 1. "La mia parte intollerante"
Released: 2006 2. "Torna Catalessi"
Released: 2006 3. "Dalla parte del toro"
Released: 2006 4. "The Auditels Family"
Released: 2006 | |
|  | |


title: Narin Gol River

abstract: The Narin Gol River, sometimes spelled Narin-Gol River, also known as Narenguole River, or Nalenggele River, is an inland river in Qinghai Province of China, located in the Qaidam Basin, with a length of 435 kilometres, a catchment area of about 21,898 square kilometers, and an average annual runoff volume of about 1.07 billion cubic metres. The river is the largest river in the Qaidam Basin, stemming from Bukedaban, the highest peak of East Kunlun. According to the Naren Gol Hydrological Station (那仁郭勒水文站), the runoff volume of Narin Gol River accounts for 59.6 per cent of the annual volume during the rich water period in summers, and 6 per cent of the annual volume during the dry water period in winters.

text:
# Narin Gol River

The **Narin Gol River** (Chinese: 那仁郭勒河, 那棱格勒河), sometimes spelled Narin-Gol River, also known as Narenguole River, or Nalenggele River, is an inland river in Qinghai Province of China, located in the Qaidam Basin, with a length of 435 kilometres, a catchment area of about 21,898 square kilometers, and an average annual runoff volume of about 1.07 billion cubic metres. The river is the largest river in the Qaidam Basin, stemming from Bukedaban, the highest peak of East Kunlun.

According to the Naren Gol Hydrological Station (那仁郭勒水文站), the runoff volume of Narin Gol River accounts for 59.6 per cent of the annual volume during the rich water period in summers, and 6 per cent of the annual volume during the dry water period in winters.

## InfoBox

| Narin Gol River | |
| --- | --- |
| Native name |  |
| Location | |
| Country | China |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Length | 435 kilometres |


title: Narince, Bozyazı

abstract: Narince is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bozyazı, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 479 (2022). It is situated to the northwest of Bozyazı. The distance to Bozyazı is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 205 kilometres (127 mi).

text:
# Narince, Bozyazı

**Narince** is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bozyazı, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 479 (2022). It is situated to the northwest of Bozyazı. The distance to Bozyazı is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 205 kilometres (127 mi).

## InfoBox

| Narince | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| NarinceLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 36°08′48″N 32°56′08″E / 36.14667°N 32.93556°E / 36.14667; 32.93556 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Mersin |
| District | Bozyazı |
| Elevation | 120 m (390 ft) |
| Population (2022) | 479 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Area code | 0324 |


title: Narin, County Donegal

abstract: Narin, also Naran, is a small seaside village and townland in the parish of Ardara on the southwest coast of County Donegal, Ireland. The topography is rough rolling bogland and craggy low hills. Narin Strand is a sand beach approximately two kilometres long. Inishkeel island is located approximately 250 metres from the mainland in Gweebarra Bay and can be reached on foot at low tide by crossing a tidal sand bank. The population of Narin is spread sparsely around the countryside in mostly modern housing. There is a large tourist trade served by several bed and breakfasts and caravan parks. Local amenities consist of a pub, coffee shop and public toilets. There is also an 18-hole golf links with club house. Narin lies at an altitude of 12 metres and lies 8 km north of Ardara, 11 km northwest of Glenties and 13 km south of Dungloe. Brendan Behan stayed with his wife in Narin in 1961, where they spent much time swimming.

text:
# Narin, County Donegal

**Narin** (Irish: *An Fhearthainn*), also **Naran**, is a small seaside village and townland in the parish of Ardara on the southwest coast of County Donegal, Ireland. The topography is rough rolling bogland and craggy low hills. Narin Strand is a sand beach approximately two kilometres long. Inishkeel island is located approximately 250 metres from the mainland in Gweebarra Bay and can be reached on foot at low tide by crossing a tidal sand bank. The population of Narin is spread sparsely around the countryside in mostly modern housing. There is a large tourist trade served by several bed and breakfasts and caravan parks. Local amenities consist of a pub, coffee shop and public toilets. There is also an 18-hole golf links with club house. Narin lies at an altitude of 12 metres and lies 8 km north of Ardara, 11 km northwest of Glenties and 13 km south of Dungloe. Brendan Behan stayed with his wife in Narin in 1961, where they spent much time swimming.

## InfoBox

| Narin *An Fhearthainn* | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Narin strand | |
| NarinLocation in Ireland | |
| Coordinates: 54°50′19″N 8°26′47″W / 54.838748°N 8.446482°W / 54.838748; -8.446482 | |
| Country | Ireland |
| Province | Ulster |
| County | County Donegal |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (WET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-1 (IST (WEST)) |
| Irish Grid Reference | G818944 |


title: Ward Cates

abstract: Willard Cates Jr. was an American epidemiologist and public health advocate known for his work on HIV/AIDS and women's health. In 1974, he began working at the Epidemic Intelligence Service of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), where he researched the epidemiology of abortion. He served as director of the CDC's Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases from 1982 to 1992. In 1994, he began working at FHI 360, where he became president of the Institute for Family Health in 1998. He was a member of the Institute of Medicine and served as president of both the Society for Epidemiologic Research and the Association of Reproductive Health Professionals.

text:
# Ward Cates

**Willard Cates Jr.** (November 16, 1942 – March 17, 2016) was an American epidemiologist and public health advocate known for his work on HIV/AIDS and women's health. In 1974, he began working at the Epidemic Intelligence Service of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), where he researched the epidemiology of abortion. He served as director of the CDC's Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases from 1982 to 1992. In 1994, he began working at FHI 360, where he became president of the Institute for Family Health in 1998. He was a member of the Institute of Medicine and served as president of both the Society for Epidemiologic Research and the Association of Reproductive Health Professionals.

## InfoBox

| Ward Cates | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1942-11-16)November 16, 1942
Cleveland, Ohio, US |
| Died | March 17, 2016(2016-03-17) (aged 73)
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, US |
| Education | Yale University MD, MPH |
| Spouse | Joan Roberts Cates |
| Children | * Deborah Cates Knighton * Sarah Cates Parker |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields |  |
| Institutions |  |
|  | |


title: Ward Chipman Jr.

abstract: Ward Chipman was a lawyer, judge and political figure in the pre-Confederation Province of New Brunswick, Canada. He was born in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1787, the son of Ward Chipman and Elizabeth Hazen Chipman. He studied in Salem, Massachusetts, and then at Harvard College. He studied law in his father's office and became an attorney in 1808. In 1810, he went to London and continued his studies in law with George Sowley Holroyd, being admitted to the bar in England in 1812. On his return, he resumed practice and, in 1815, was named recorder for the city of Saint John. He later became a director of the Bank of New Brunswick. He assisted his father during negotiations held in 1816 with the state of Maine to determine the ownership of certain islands in Passamaquoddy Bay. In 1820, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick for Saint John County. In 1824, he was elected Speaker for the assembly. In 1825, after his father's death, he was named to the New Brunswick Supreme Court. In 1834, he was named chief justice for New Brunswick, which also made him president of the Legislative Council. He resigned from the council in 1842 and from his position as judge in 1850 due to illness. He died in Saint John in 1851.

text:
# Ward Chipman Jr.

**Ward Chipman** (July 10, 1787  November 26, 1851) was a lawyer, judge and political figure in the pre-Confederation Province of New Brunswick, Canada.

He was born in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1787, the son of Ward Chipman and Elizabeth Hazen Chipman. He studied in Salem, Massachusetts, and then at Harvard College. He studied law in his father's office and became an attorney in 1808. In 1810, he went to London and continued his studies in law with George Sowley Holroyd, being admitted to the bar in England in 1812. On his return, he resumed practice and, in 1815, was named recorder for the city of Saint John. He later became a director of the Bank of New Brunswick. He assisted his father during negotiations held in 1816 with the state of Maine to determine the ownership of certain islands in Passamaquoddy Bay. In 1820, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick for Saint John County. In 1824, he was elected Speaker for the assembly. In 1825, after his father's death, he was named to the New Brunswick Supreme Court. In 1834, he was named chief justice for New Brunswick, which also made him president of the Legislative Council. He resigned from the council in 1842 and from his position as judge in 1850 due to illness.

He died in Saint John in 1851.

## InfoBox

| Ward Chipman Jr. | |
| --- | --- |
| portrait by Gilbert Stuart | |
|  | |
| Born | 10 July 1787 |
| Died | 26 November 1851  (aged 64) |


title: Ward C. Pitfield Jr.

abstract: Ward Chipman Pitfield Jr. was a Canadian financier and Thoroughbred racehorse owner. He was the son of Canadian financier Ward C. Pitfield, a co-founder of the stock brokerage firm, Pitfield, MacKay, Ross. Ward C. Pitfield served as chairman of the family brokerage firm. Following the 1984 merger of his Pitfield, MacKay, Ross with Dominion Securities, Ward Pitfield served as the new firm's chairman until his retirement. Latterly a resident of Toronto, Ontario, Pitfield served on the board of trustees of the University of Guelph Heritage Fund and was a trustee of the Ontario Jockey Club. Pitfield died in Toronto in May 2021 at the age of 95.

text:
# Ward C. Pitfield Jr.

**Ward Chipman Pitfield Jr.** (September 6, 1925 – May 14, 2021) was a Canadian financier and Thoroughbred racehorse owner. He was the son of Canadian financier Ward C. Pitfield, a co-founder of the stock brokerage firm, Pitfield, MacKay, Ross.

Ward C. Pitfield served as chairman of the family brokerage firm. Following the 1984 merger of his Pitfield, MacKay, Ross with Dominion Securities, Ward Pitfield served as the new firm's chairman until his retirement.

Latterly a resident of Toronto, Ontario, Pitfield served on the board of trustees of the University of Guelph Heritage Fund and was a trustee of the Ontario Jockey Club.

Pitfield died in Toronto in May 2021 at the age of 95.

## InfoBox

| Ward C. Pitfield | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1925-09-06)September 6, 1925
Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| Died | May 14, 2021(2021-05-14) (aged 95)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Occupation | Financier |
| Board member of | Dominion Securities, University of Guelph Heritage Fund, |
| Spouse | Diana |
| Children | 5 |
| Parent | Ward C. Pitfield & Grace MacDougall |
| Relatives |  |


title: Wanny Woldstad

abstract: Wanny Woldstad was the first female hunter on the remote Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard.

text:
# Wanny Woldstad

**Wanny Woldstad** (January 15, 1893 – October 26, 1959) was the first female hunter on the remote Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard.

## Early life and career

Wanny Woldstad was born Ivanna Margrethe Ingvardsen in Sommarøy, Norway, in 1893. Around 1915, she married Othar Jacobsen, with whom she had two sons, Alf and Bjørvik. Othar died during the Spanish flu pandemic, in 1918, and she briefly remarried Martin Mikal Woldstad.

Beginning in the 1920s, she worked as a taxi driver in the Norwegian city of Tromsø, becoming the first woman to drive a cab there. Some of her passengers were trappers returning from the Arctic outpost of Svalbard, who would brag about their exploits and how much money they were making.

## Svalbard expeditions

In 1932, Woldstad was recruited for an expedition to Svalbard led by Anders Sæterdal, immediately accepting the offer to join. With this, she became the first female trapper in the remote archipelago.

Some of her male peers on the trip were skeptical that Woldstad, at only 1.57 meters (5.2 ft) tall, could keep up, but she was an excellent hunter, having previously won trophies for marksmanship. She shot her first polar bear that December. She returned to the islands, specifically to Hornsund, in 1933 and 1934, bringing along her sons, who became trappers themselves. As a trapper, Woldstad generally focused on the area around the bay of Hyttevika. She would spend five seasons in all on Svalbard, in which time she and her hunting partners killed 77 polar bears, in addition to foxes and geese.

## Later years

After closing out her time as a hunter, Woldstad settled on a farm with Sæterdal, with whom she was almost certainly involved romantically, but the pair split up five years later.

In her later years, she frequently gave lectures on her Svalbard experiences around Norway. She published a memoir of her time as an Arctic hunter, titled *The First Woman Trapper on Svalbard*, in 1956. It was later reprinted and translated into English as *Wanny Get Your Gun*. Notable in Woldstad's writings is her use of masculine term *fangstmann* (trapper) to describe herself, instead of the expected feminine *fangstkvinne*.

She died in 1959, after being hit by a truck in Sørkjosen.

1. Greiner, Robert (2012-10-09). "Ellen fødte alene i en fangsthytte". *NRK* (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 2021-04-26.
2. "Wanny Woldstad". *Norsk Polarhistorie* (in Norwegian).
3. Acadia, Spencer; Fjellestad, Marthe Tolnes (2020-11-26). *Library and Information Studies for Arctic Social Sciences and Humanities*. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-99791-4.
4. Bråten, Halvor. "Wanny Woldstad – den første kvinnelige "fangstmann"". *Vågemot miniforlag* (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 2021-04-26.
5. Henriksen, Jørn; Prestvold, Kristin (March 2015). "Wanny Woldstad – the female trapper in Hornsund". *Norwegian Polar Institute*. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
6. "History of Female Trappers in Svalbard, Norway". *Hearts In The Ice*. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
7. "4. Wanny Woldstad: The first woman trapper in Svalbard". *Vågemot miniforlag*. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
8. Houghton, Lynn (November–December 2020). "Science In The Polar Night". *Resurgence & Ecologist*. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
9. Hansson, Heidi (2018-01-23). *Arctic Modernities: The Environmental, the Exotic and the Everyday*. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5275-0691-6.
10. Frank, Susi K.; Jakobsen, Kjetil A. (2019-10-31). *Arctic Archives: Ice, Memory and Entropy*. transcript Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8394-4656-0.


title: Warrior of Rome II

abstract: Warrior of Rome II, also known as Caesar no Yabou II is a real-time strategy video game developed and published by Micronet in 1992 for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis as a sequel to Warrior of Rome.

text:
# Warrior of Rome II

***Warrior of Rome II***, also known as ***Caesar no Yabou II*** (シーザーの野望II, "Ambition of Caesar II") is a real-time strategy video game developed and published by Micronet in 1992 for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis as a sequel to *Warrior of Rome*.

## Plot

*Warrior of Rome II* is a game in which the player is Julius Caesar, utilizing the armies of Rome to defeat uprisings in Asia.

## Gameplay

The game features a three-quarter perspective overhead view, although the two-player mode features a split-screen view. The game plays as a real-time strategy, although the player can change the movement speed based on the difficulty level. The player has the choice to play a single stage at a time or play through the entire campaign of 15 increasingly difficult stages.

## Reception

The game was reviewed in 1993 in *Dragon* #189 by Hartley, Patricia, and Kirk Lesser in "The Role of Computers" column. The reviewers gave the game 4 out of 5 stars.

## Reviews

## InfoBox

| Warrior of Rome II | |
| --- | --- |
| Cover art | |
| Developer(s) | Micronet |
| Publisher(s) | Micronet |
| Platform(s) | Sega Mega Drive/Genesis |
| Release |  |
| Genre(s) | Real-time strategy |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


title: Warrior relief of Efrenk

abstract: The Warrior relief of Efrenk is a rock relief from the Greco-Roman period, probably the 2nd century AD, located by the Lamos river in Cilicia, southern Turkey.

text:
# Warrior relief of Efrenk

The **Warrior relief of Efrenk** is a rock relief from the Greco-Roman period, probably the 2nd century AD, located by the Lamos river (modern day Limonlu) in Cilicia, southern Turkey.

## Location

The relief is about two kilometres north of Sömek in the Silifke district of Mersin Province, about 30 km northeast of the city of Silifke and 20 km north of Kızkalesi, the ancient Korykos. It is carved into a northwest-facing cliff-face beside a steep path leading down to the Lamos. A ford at this spot connected the ancient settlement of Efrenk on the hill south of the relief with Veyselli on the other side of the Lamos. The route continued on to the settlement at the mouth of the Lamos, Antiochia Lamotis (now Limonlu). After passing the relief, the route led south past Sömek towards Canbazlı and Olba, as well as Korykos and Elaiussa Sebaste on the Mediterranean coast. The river Lamos is often treated as the border between the ancient regions of Rough Cilicia (*Kilikia Tracheia*) in the west and Flat Cilicia (*Kilikia Pedias*) in the east.

The Athena relief of Sömek is roughly 600 m to the southeast.

## Description

The relief is carved into a vertical cliff-face about 5 m above street level. It is 1.9 m high and depicts a warrior, surrounded by a naiskos. The legs are badly damaged; the right leg supports his weight, while the left leg hangs free. His raised right arm holds up a spear. On his left side he wears a sword, with his left hand on the grip. He is dressed in a short, belted chiton, with clearly carved drapery. There are traces of white paint on the relief in several spaces - between the head and the right arm, for instance, there are traces of red paint. Paint very rarely survives on Cilician cliff reliefs.

On the left pilaster there is an inscription at about chest height, which has been resolved as an 8 line inscription:

Josef Keil and Adolf Wilhelm report the illegible traces of an "actual funerary inscription in the background on the left and right sides of the figure's head." The letter forms date the inscription to the middle of the Imperial period, while similarities in posture and clothing led Serra Durugönül to date the relief to the second century AD when she studied the Cilician cliff reliefs in the 1980s.

## Research history

The first short description (with an incomplete reading of the inscription) was published by Edward L. Hicks in 1891 in his *Inscriptions from Western Cilicia*. The ancient historians Keil and Wilhelm travelled Cilicia in 1891 and 1925, publishing an account in 1931, *Denkmäler aus dem Rauhen Kilikien* (Monuments of Rough Cilicia), in which the relief of Efrenk is described with a fuller reading of the inscription. In 1989 Serra Durugönül completed a dissertation, *Die Felsreliefs im Rauhen Kilikien* (The Cliff-reliefs of Rough Cilicia), which also discusses the warrior relief.

## Bibliography

* Edward L. Hicks. "Inscriptions from Western Cilicia." *The Journal of Hellenic Studies* 12, 1891, p. 260, no. 36.
* Josef Keil, Adolf Wilhelm. *Denkmäler aus dem Rauhen Kilikien.* (= *Monumenta Asiae minoris antiqua* Vol. 3). London 1931, p. 98 Inscr. 111.
* Serra Durugönül. *Die Felsreliefs im Rauhen Kilikien*. (= BAR International Series. 511). BAR, Oxford 1989, pp. 47–48, 103, 150 und passim.

36°36′28″N 34°04′31.4″E / 36.60778°N 34.075389°E / 36.60778; 34.075389


title: Wanna Beeee!!!/Shake It Up

abstract: Wanna Beeee!!!/Shake It Up is 4th single by Japanese boy band Kis-My-Ft2. It was released on August 15, 2012. Kis-My-Ft2's first double A-side single. "Wanna Beeee!!!" is the theme song of TBS Television (Japan) drama Begginers! starring Taisuke Fujigaya and Hiromitsu Kitayama. "Shake It Up" is the theme song of Nippon TV drama Shiritsu Bakaleya Koukou in which Toshiya Miyata appeared.

text:
# Wanna Beeee!!!/Shake It Up

***Wanna Beeee!!!/Shake It Up*** is 4th single by Japanese boy band Kis-My-Ft2. It was released on August 15, 2012.

Kis-My-Ft2's first double A-side single. "Wanna Beeee!!!" is the theme song of TBS Television (Japan) drama *Begginers!* starring Taisuke Fujigaya and Hiromitsu Kitayama. "Shake It Up" is the theme song of Nippon TV drama *Shiritsu Bakaleya Koukou* in which Toshiya Miyata appeared.

## Chart Performance

It debuted in number one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart and reached number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100. It was the 16th best-selling single in Japan in 2012, with 355,374 copies.

With initial sales of 285,000 copies, “Shake It Up” debuted at No. 1 on the Oricon Weekly Singles Chart dated August 27, 2012.

## Track listing

### CD

1. "Wanna Beeee!!!"［4:10\]
2. "Shake It Up" \[4:18\]
3. "Summer Lover" \[3:25\]

### DVD

* First edition "Wanna Beeee!!!"

1. "Wanna Beeee!!!" (Music Video)
2. "Wanna Beeee!!!" (Off shot)

* First edition "Shake It Up"

1. "Shake It Up" (Music Video)
2. "Shake It Up" (Off shot)

## InfoBox

| "*Wanna Beeee!!!/Shake It Up*" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Kis-My-Ft2 | |
| from the album  *Good Ikuze!* | |
| A-side | * "Wanna Beeee!!!" * "Shake It Up" |
| B-side | "Summer Lover" |
| Released | August 15, 2012 (2012-08-15) (Japan) |
| Genre | J-pop |
| Length | 8:28 |
| Label | Avex Trax |
| Kis-My-Ft2 singles chronology | |
| "She! Her! Her!"
(2012) "***Wanna Beeee!!!/Shake It Up***"
(2012) "Ai no Beat"
(2013) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Wanna Beeee!!!" on YouTube
"Shake It Up" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Hadley Field

abstract: Hadley Field was an airport in South Plainfield, in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. It contained the Nike Missile Battery NY-65 and was used as a landing site for some of the nation's early air mail service. The site has since been redeveloped into a strip mall and is currently owned by National Realty & Development Corp.

text:
# Hadley Field

Postal employees transferring airmail to and off airplanes (left and right, respectively) at Hadley Field in July, 1925.

**Hadley Field** was an airport in South Plainfield, in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. It contained the Nike Missile Battery NY-65 and was used as a landing site for some of the nation's early air mail service. The site has since been redeveloped into a strip mall and is currently owned by National Realty & Development Corp.

## Further reading

* Bond, Gordon (2012). *North Jersey Legacies*. The History Press. ISBN 978-1-60949-556-5.
* Holden, Henry M. (2009). *Newark Airport*. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-6522-4.
* Kane, Joseph Nathan (1997). *Famous First Facts, Fifth Edition*. The H. W. Wilson Company. Item 6021, page 433. ISBN 0-8242-0930-3. The first airmail long-distance night service was established on July 1, 1925, from New York City to Chicago, IL, over a 774-mile course. The first plane, from Hadley Field, New Brunswick, NJ (in the metropolitan New York area), was piloted by Dean C. Smith. It was followed by a second plane piloted by J.D. Hill.
* Mappen, Marc (2004). *Encyclopedia of New Jersey*. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-3325-4. On July 1, 1925, overnight airmail was flown from Hadley for the first time when pilot Dean C. Smith took off with eighty-seven pounds of mail.
* Nielson, Dale (1962). *U.S. Air Mail Service, 1918–1927*. Air Mail Pioneers.
* Smith, Dean C. (2000). *By the Seat of My Pants*. B.D. King Press. ISBN 978-0-9716871-4-1.
* Veit, Richard F. (2002). *South Plainfield*. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-1111-5. Pilot Dean C. Smith took off from Hadley Field in a DH-4 on the first leg of the run. His destination was Cleveland, where the mail would be transferred to another flight. The flight took place on July 1, 1925. Over 15,000 people came to witness the event.

40°33′21″N 74°25′47″W / 40.5559°N 74.4298°W / 40.5559; -74.4298


title: Haidingerite

abstract:
Haidingerite is a calcium arsenate mineral with formula Ca(AsO3OH)·H2O. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system as short prismatic to equant
crystals. It typically occurs as scaly, botryoidal or fibrous coatings. It is soft, Mohs hardness of 2 to 2.5, and has a specific gravity of 2.95. It has refractive indices of nα = 1.590, nβ = 1.602 and nγ = 1.638. It was originally discovered in 1827 in Jáchymov, Czech Republic. It was named to honor Austrian mineralogist Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger (1795–1871). It occurs as a dehydration product of pharmacolite in the Getchell Mine, Nevada.

text:
# Haidingerite

**Haidingerite** is a calcium arsenate mineral with formula Ca(AsO3OH)·H2O. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system as short prismatic to equant crystals. It typically occurs as scaly, botryoidal or fibrous coatings. It is soft, Mohs hardness of 2 to 2.5, and has a specific gravity of 2.95. It has refractive indices of nα = 1.590, nβ = 1.602 and nγ = 1.638.

It was originally discovered in 1827 in Jáchymov, Czech Republic. It was named to honor Austrian mineralogist Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger (1795–1871). It occurs as a dehydration product of pharmacolite in the Getchell Mine, Nevada.

* Palache, C., H. Berman, and C. Frondel (1951) *Dana’s system of mineralogy*, (7th edition), v. II, pp.708–709.

## InfoBox

| Haidingerite | |
| --- | --- |
| White crystals of haidingerite associated with yellow orpiment and red realgar from the White Caps Mine, Manhattan District, Nevada, United States. | |
| General | |
| Category | Mineral |
| Formula
(repeating unit) | Ca(AsO3OH)·H2O |
| Identification | |
| Mohs scale hardness | 2 – 2.5 |
| Specific gravity | 2.95 |


title: Hailongtun

abstract: Hailongtun is a ruined fortress on the Longyan Mountain, in Hailongtun Village, Gaoping Town, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China. It was the stronghold of the Chiefdom of Bozhou until its destruction by the Ming dynasty after the Bozhou rebellion. Considered the only well-preserved site of a true feudal castle in China, Hailongtun is one of the three Tusi sites designated by the UNESCO as a World Heritage Site on July 3, 2015. Hailongtun was established in 1257 during the Southern Song dynasty. It served as the stronghold of the Chiefdom of Bozhou, ruled by the Yang family, from the Southern Song to the Ming dynasty. In the 28th year of the Wanli reign (1600), the Ming defeated the Bozhou rebellion, with the last tusi Yang Yinglong committing suicide and the castle was burned down. The castle occupies a total area of 1.59 square kilometres (0.61 sq mi), with 6 eastern and 3 western passes and walls nearly 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) long. It is surrounded by cliffs on all four sides with only one entrance from the mountain road. The pass on the mountain side was known as the Feihu Pass. The one to the east was called Feilong Pass. At the foot of the right hill is a copper column pass, whereas at the base of the left hill is the iron column pass. The castle's architecture reflects its strategic importance. The city gates were flanked by archer’s towers. Although there is nothing to support the tale, it is said that once a large stone wall, wide enough to allow horses to gallop on it, connected all of the passes. A deep moat surrounded the city.

text:
# Hailongtun

**Hailongtun** (simplified Chinese: 海龙屯; traditional Chinese: 海龍屯; pinyin: *Hǎilóngtún*; lit. 'Sea Dragon Castle') is a ruined fortress on the Longyan Mountain, in Hailongtun Village, Gaoping Town, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China. It was the stronghold of the Chiefdom of Bozhou until its destruction by the Ming dynasty after the Bozhou rebellion. Considered the only well-preserved site of a true feudal castle in China, Hailongtun is one of the three Tusi sites designated by the UNESCO as a World Heritage Site on July 3, 2015.

Hailongtun was established in 1257 during the Southern Song dynasty. It served as the stronghold of the Chiefdom of Bozhou, ruled by the Yang family, from the Southern Song to the Ming dynasty. In the 28th year of the Wanli reign (1600), the Ming defeated the Bozhou rebellion, with the last tusi Yang Yinglong committing suicide and the castle was burned down.

The castle occupies a total area of 1.59 square kilometres (0.61 sq mi), with 6 eastern and 3 western passes and walls nearly 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) long. It is surrounded by cliffs on all four sides with only one entrance from the mountain road. The pass on the mountain side was known as the Feihu Pass. The one to the east was called Feilong Pass. At the foot of the right hill is a copper column pass, whereas at the base of the left hill is the iron column pass.

The castle's architecture reflects its strategic importance. The city gates were flanked by archer’s towers. Although there is nothing to support the tale, it is said that once a large stone wall, wide enough to allow horses to gallop on it, connected all of the passes. A deep moat surrounded the city.

## InfoBox

| Hailongtun | |
| --- | --- |
| *Native name*<br>Chinese: 海龍屯 | |
|  | |
| Coordinates | 27°48′43″N 106°49′00″E / 27.81194°N 106.81667°E / 27.81194; 106.81667 |
| Built | 1257 |
| Demolished | 1600 |
|  | |
| Location of Hailongtun in China | |


title: Waring Cuney

abstract: William Waring Cuney was a poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He is best known for his poem "No Images," which has been widely anthologized.

text:
# Waring Cuney

**William Waring Cuney** (May 6, 1906 – June 30, 1976) was a poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He is best known for his poem "No Images," which has been widely anthologized.

## Biography

William Waring Cuney was one of a pair of twins born on May 6, 1906, in Washington D.C. His father, Norris Wright Cuney II, worked for the federal government. His mother, Madge Louise Baker, taught in the D.C. public school system. Cuney attended the D.C. public schools, graduating from Armstrong High School. He attended Howard University for a time before earning his B.A. at Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. He also studied at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston and the Conservatory of Music in Rome.

In 1926, while Cuney was still a student at Lincoln University, his poem "No Images" won first prize in a competition sponsored by *Opportunity* magazine. The poem poignantly portrays a black woman's internalization of European beauty standards. It has been widely anthologized and is considered a minor classic of the New Negro Movement.

At Lincoln University, Cuney was a classmate and friend of Langston Hughes. Decades later he co-edited an anthology with Hughes, *Lincoln University Poets: Centennial Anthology, 1854–1954* (New York: Fine Editions, 1954).

After training for a career in music as a singer along with his brother who was a pianist, Cuney decided he had a poor singing voice and never performed professionally. His writing, however, was very much influenced by his love of music. His poems are strongly rhythmic, often written in ballad form or original forms reminiscent of blues songs. Many are character sketches of inner-city African Americans. A number of his poems have been set to music and recorded by Josh White, Al Haig, and Nina Simone. His poems were published in journals such as *The Crisis* and *Black World*, and in anthologies edited by Countee Cullen, James Weldon Johnson, Sterling Brown, and Arna Bontemps.

Although his work was largely forgotten in the United States by the 1950s, it was translated into German and Dutch and developed a following in Europe. He published only two volumes of poetry in his lifetime: *Puzzles*, a limited edition published in the Netherlands in 1960, and *Storefront Church*, published in London in 1973. He died in New York City on June 30, 1976.

## Works

* *Puzzles*.
* *Storefront church*. OCLC 6360639.
* *Women and kitchens*. OCLC 54175614.
* *The alley cat brushed his wiskers*. OCLC 54175554.
* *Two poems : Darkness hides his throne ; and, We make supplication*. OCLC 54175586.
* Cuney, William Waring; Breman, Paul. *Sometimes I wonder*. OCLC 34142366.

### Citations

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| William Waring Cuney | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | William Waring Cuney
(1906-05-06)May 6, 1906
Washington, D.C., US |
| Died | June 30, 1976(1976-06-30) (aged 70)
New York City, US |
| Occupation | Poet |
| Years active | 1927–1962 |


title: Narod, California

abstract: Narod is an unincorporated area in southwestern San Bernardino County, California, United States, located 35 miles east of downtown Los Angeles, with an estimated population of 1,691 as of 2020. Narod is not an official census-designated place. However, Narod is on the list of unincorporated areas and street maps in San Bernardino County, according to the United States Geological Survey. It appears on the Ontario U.S. Geological Survey Map. The area is thought to have taken its name from a railroad executive named A.E. Doran, who reversed his name. It is thought that when the Southern Pacific Transportation Company extended its tracks through the area, A.E. Doran had the task of naming the various sidings and stations along the route. Because Doran already named another siding for himself, he reversed his name. And the name stuck. Once a recognized community in its own right, most of the historical Narod area has been incorporated into the neighboring city of Montclair. The remainder remains unincorporated, and addresses in the area show "Ontario" as the place name, due to it bordering the city of Ontario to the east. The area also borders Montclair to the north and west, and Chino to the south.

text:
# Narod, California

**Narod** is an unincorporated area in southwestern San Bernardino County, California, United States, located 35 miles (56 km) east of downtown Los Angeles, with an estimated population of 1,691 as of 2020. Narod is not an official census-designated place. However, Narod is on the list of unincorporated areas and street maps in San Bernardino County, according to the United States Geological Survey. It appears on the Ontario U.S. Geological Survey Map.

The area is thought to have taken its name from a railroad executive named A.E. Doran, who reversed his name. It is thought that when the Southern Pacific Transportation Company extended its tracks through the area, A.E. Doran had the task of naming the various sidings and stations along the route. Because Doran already named another siding for himself, he reversed his name. And the name stuck.

Once a recognized community in its own right, most of the historical Narod area has been incorporated into the neighboring city of Montclair. The remainder remains unincorporated, and addresses in the area show "Ontario" as the place name, due to it bordering the city of Ontario to the east. The area also borders Montclair to the north and west, and Chino to the south.

## Geography

Narod is located at 34°3′29″N 117°41′4″W / 34.05806°N 117.68444°W / 34.05806; -117.68444 (34.0580666, −117.6844996), at an elevation of 955 feet (291 m). Narod has a total area of 0.39 square miles (1.0 km2).

## Government and infrastructure

In the California State Legislature, Narod is in the 22nd Senate District, represented by Democrat Susan Rubio, and in the 55th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Isaac Bryan. In the United States House of Representatives, it is in California's 35th congressional district, represented by Democrat Norma Torres.

### Education

Narod is served by the Ontario-Montclair School District.

## InfoBox

| Narod, California | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Location of Narod in San Bernardino County, California | |
| Narod, CaliforniaLocation in the United StatesNarod, CaliforniaNarod, California (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 34°3′29″N 117°41′4″W / 34.05806°N 117.68444°W / 34.05806; -117.68444 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | San Bernardino |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.39 sq mi (1.0 km2) |
| Elevation | 955 ft (291 m) |
| Population | |
| Estimate (2020) | 1,691 |
| Density | 4,336/sq mi (1,674/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (PST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
| ZIP code | 91762 |
| Area code | 909 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1661089 |


title: Warren Miller (author)

abstract: Warren Miller was an American writer. He gained fame for his books dealing with issues of race, as in The Cool World (1959) and The Siege of Harlem (1964), and for his more political books such as Looking for The General (1964) and Flush Times (1962).

text:
# Warren Miller (author)

**Warren Miller** (August 31, 1921 – April 1, 1966) was an American writer. He gained fame for his books dealing with issues of race, as in *The Cool World* (1959) and *The Siege of Harlem* (1964), and for his more political books such as *Looking for The General* (1964) and *Flush Times* (1962).

## Biography

He was born in a village in Pennsylvania where his grandfather kept the general store. He enrolled at the University of Iowa but part way through his studies he joined the US Army. While in uniform he took part in the Normandy invasion.

After the war he returned to complete his education and received his Bachelor's and Master's degrees from the University of Iowa, and was an instructor of literature there during the 1950s. He later worked in insurance. By 1956 he was manager of the Push Pin Studios, an advertising art agency in New York.

He wrote several novels during the 1950s and early '60s. His novel *Love Me Little* was originally published under the pseudonym **Amanda Vail**.

Miller was married twice; first to a woman named Abby, then to a woman named Jane. His first marriage produced two daughters, Scottie and Eve.

## Bibliography

* *The Sleep of Reason*, London: Secker & Warburg, 1956.
* *The Bright Young Things*, New York: Little Brown & Company, 1958. ASIN: B0007DVZKE
* "Chaos, Disorder, and the Late Show," in Hills, Penney Chapin, and L. Rust Hills, *The Way We Live Now*, New York: Little Brown & Company, 1958. ASIN: B000TWRGPQ
* *The Cool World*, New York: Little Brown & Company, 1959. ISBN 0-316-57336-1 ISBN 978-0316573368
* *Love Me Little*, New York: Bantam Books, 1959. ASIN: B0007HLGY0
* *90 Miles From Home*, New York: Little Brown & Company, 1961. ASIN: B000QJXMCS
* *Flush Times*, New York: Little Brown & Company, 1962. ASIN: B000KP0XS4
* *Looking For The General*, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964. ASIN: B0007DKC94
* *The Siege of Harlem*, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964. ASIN: B000EGMPVM

## In other media

The book *The Cool World* was first made into a play and then a movie in 1964 directed by Shirley Clarke, produced by Frederick Wiseman, and with musical score by Dizzy Gillespie.

## Reviews

## InfoBox

| Warren Miller | |
| --- | --- |
| Warren Miller | |
| Born | (1921-08-31)August 31, 1921
Stowe, Pennsylvania |
| Died | April 1, 1966(1966-04-01) (aged 44)
New York City, New York |
| Pen name | Amanda Vail |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Genre | Nonfiction, social commentary |
| Notable works | *The Cool World* |


title: Warren Miller (baseball)

abstract: Warren Lemuel Miller was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball. Nicknamed "Gitz", he played for the Washington Senators in 1909 and 1911.

text:
# Warren Miller (baseball)

**Warren Lemuel Miller**  (July 14, 1885 – August 12, 1956) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball. Nicknamed "**Gitz**", he played for the Washington Senators in 1909 and 1911.

## InfoBox

| Warren Miller | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| **Outfielder** | |
| **Born:** (1885-07-14)July 14, 1885
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. | |
| **Died:** August 12, 1956(1956-08-12) (aged 71)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Left**Threw:** Left | |
| MLB debut | |
| July 29, 1909, for the Washington Senators | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| June 9, 1911, for the Washington Senators | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .188 |
| Home runs | 0 |
| Runs batted in | 1 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


abstract: Washington Township is a former township of Alameda County, California in the San Francisco Bay Area region, which includes the present day cities of Union City, Fremont, and Newark. The first permanent settlement in the area was Mission San José, established in 1797. The township was formed in 1853, and named for president George Washington.

text:
# Washington Township, Alameda County, California

**Washington Township** is a former township of Alameda County, California in the San Francisco Bay Area region, which includes the present day cities of Union City, Fremont, and Newark. The first permanent settlement in the area was Mission San José, established in 1797. The township was formed in 1853, and named for president George Washington.

## History

Events leading to the formation of the township began in 1797 with the establishment of Mission San José by the Spanish. Many Ohlone Native Americans settled at the mission to work, ending their traditional village life of hunting and gathering. In 1834, Mexico released California's Native Americans from the control of the mission system, as well as giving the mission property to caretakers.

Several Mexican land grants were given from this area. Fulgencia Higuera received a grant known as Rancho Agua Caliente in 1839. Andrews Pico and Juan B. Alvarado were granted the outer lands of Mission San José, known as Rancho Ex-Mission San José, in 1846, but it was taken from them by California courts in 1859. Thomas Pacheco and Augustin Alviso received Rancho Potrero de los Cerritos in 1844, and José de Jesus Vallejo received Rancho Arroyo de la Alameda (which extended into Eden Township) in 1842.

The California gold rush beginning in 1848 brought many prospectors to travel through the Mission San José area to the mountains, making the Mission an important trading site.

In 1849, California became a United States territory, and when California achieved statehood in 1850, the area became part of Santa Clara County. In 1853, Alameda County was formed from portions of Contra Costa and Santa Clara Counties, and was divided into six townships including Washington. Alvarado in present-day Union City was designated as the county seat.

## Geographical features

Washington Township is bounded to the west by the San Francisco Bay, and to the east by a mountain range that includes the 2,520-foot-tall Mission Peak. Alameda Creek runs from east to west through Niles Canyon, which was used as a passage for the first transcontinental railroad.

Alameda Creek is the most important stream in Alameda County and the Township. From this Creek is derived the name of the County. Alameda Creek was the former boundary between Contra Costa and Santa Clara Counties during the period from 1850, when Contra Costa and Santa Clara Counties were formed, to 1853 when Alameda County was carved from these two Counties. The portion of Washington Township south of Alameda Creek is the only part of Alameda County that is not derived from Contra Costa County.

37°33′15″N 121°59′57″W / 37.55417°N 121.99917°W / 37.55417; -121.99917


title: Philadelphia Sketch Club

abstract: The Philadelphia Sketch Club, founded on November 20, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is one of America's oldest artists' clubs. The club's own web page proclaims it the oldest. Prominent members have included Joseph Pennell, Thomas Eakins, A.B. Frost, Howard Chandler Christy, and N.C. Wyeth. The club's mission is "to provide a community for visual artists, appreciation of the visual arts and visual arts education." The club's low-cost workshops and competitions are open to the public. All interested artists are invited to apply for membership. The club's activities are sustained by gifts from members, friends and nearly 20 major foundations, corporations and historical organizations. The club has held shows and exhibitions since its founding. Medal winners from the club's shows include Violet Oakley, John Folinsbee and Betty Bowes. In April 2008, the club held its 145th Annual Exhibition of Small Oil Paintings at the club's main gallery. The club's art collection includes 44 portraits of members painted in the 1890s by Thomas Anshutz; more than 125 etchings by members of the Philadelphia Society of Etchers; and sculpture, stained glass, ceramics, bronze plaques, medals and metal work by its own members. The Club lends pieces to other organizations and exhibitors from time to time. The Club's archives contain information from artists associated with the club.

text:
# Philadelphia Sketch Club

The **Philadelphia Sketch Club**, founded on November 20, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is one of America's oldest artists' clubs. The club's own web page proclaims it *the* oldest. Prominent members have included Joseph Pennell, Thomas Eakins, A.B. Frost, Howard Chandler Christy, and N.C. Wyeth.

The club's mission is "to provide a community for visual artists, appreciation of the visual arts and visual arts education." The club's low-cost workshops and competitions are open to the public. All interested artists are invited to apply for membership. The club's activities are sustained by gifts from members, friends and nearly 20 major foundations, corporations and historical organizations.

The club has held shows and exhibitions since its founding. Medal winners from the club's shows include Violet Oakley, John Folinsbee and Betty Bowes. In April 2008, the club held its 145th Annual Exhibition of Small Oil Paintings at the club's main gallery.

The club's art collection includes 44 portraits of members painted in the 1890s by Thomas Anshutz; more than 125 etchings by members of the Philadelphia Society of Etchers; and sculpture, stained glass, ceramics, bronze plaques, medals and metal work by its own members. The Club lends pieces to other organizations and exhibitors from time to time. The Club's archives contain information from artists associated with the club.

## History

The Sketch Club was founded by George F. Bensell and his brother, Edmund Birckhead Bensell; Edward J. McIlhenny; Henry C. Bispham; John L. Gihon; and Robert Wylie  all students at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, where they felt that they lacked design opportunities. Since its beginning, the Club has endeavored to offer affordable life drawing classes and mount exhibitions to display local artists' work.

In 1866, the club held its first annual exhibition. The review in *The New York Times* began:

> The impression made upon the visitor to the exhibition of paintings by the Philadelphia Sketch Club at the Derby Gallery, is one of disappointment rather than of pleasure, however modest may be his expectations before entering. True, there are in the collection a number of good paintings, and a few of more than passing merit. This, at least, might be considered guaranteed by the presence of several names in the catalogue pleasingly familiar to the connoisseur, but in a collection of over two hundred and sixty paintings exhibited, a selection doubtless from a larger number, it would not have been unreasonable to have expected a more frequent recurrence of that pleasure with which visitors linger near an occasional work of art.

The article goes on to discuss 19 of the pieces in detail and eight in passing "deserving of special mention."

Among the Club's famous members was Thomas Eakins, who was the life drawing and anatomy instructor for several years until he left in 1876 to become an instructor at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. His honorary membership was revoked in the same 1886 scandal that cost him his position at PAFA.

Thomas P. Anshutz joined the Sketch Club in 1877 and was President of the Club from 1910 until his untimely death in 1912. Available for viewing, the clubhouse's upper walls of the library hold an important group of 44 portraits of early members painted by Thomas Anshutz while he was Dean of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. Anshutz offered to paint portraits of other members with the only requirement that each sitter provide his own canvas of uniform size.

Its current clubhouse, assembled from three brick row-houses from the 1820s, is listed in the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places as a contributing property to the Washington Square West Historic District.

> The Sketch Club purchased two of these units in 1902 and the third in 1908. Shortly after their purchase, the first two row-houses were extensively renovated to form a single building. The third property was connected internally to the other two in 1915. The three adjoining basements formed a large Rathskeller (dining room) and kitchen. The first floor rooms include a billiard room, library, archive room, sitting room and vestibule areas. The second floor rooms and attics formed a large, sky-lit exhibition gallery and classroom.

The club has staged an annual Philadelphia District High School Students Art Exhibition since 1984; the 26th show took place February 1–21, 2010. A jury awards prizes.

## Membership

The Sketch Club was a male-only club for its first 130 years. Philadelphia's club for women artists, the Plastic Club, was formed in 1897. For more than 100 years these two organizations had an amiable and cooperative relationship, just three doors apart on Camac Street.

The Sketch Club received its 501(c)(3) non-profit status in early 1990. Several months after that, the club decided to begin seeking and accepting women members. Reasons behind this effort included making the club a more inclusive and modern-thinking organization, as well as the financial benefits of a larger membership base. Around this time, the Plastic Club also began accepting male members for many of the same reasons.

Today, more than 50% of the Sketch Club members are women artists. In the mid-1990s, the Sketch Club elected its first woman president, Betty MacDonald, who had also served as president of The Plastic Club.

The club's members have included artists in all mediums: illustration, painting, sculpture, architecture, photography and other forms of the visual arts. Current member Bruce H. Bentzman listed the most prominent of the club's current and former members as:

* Thomas Anshutz: Bentzman says that, at the Club's Annual meeting in January 1881, William J. Clark Jr. "was again re-elected President, and the Club's award for 'the best carefully finished study' was voted to Thomas Anshutz, who was a popular member of the Club then and for many years following." Anshutz also introduced many Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts students into Sketch Club membership.
* Walter Emerson Baum: Baum earned an Honorable Mention from a 1939 Club exhibition. His son, Dr. Edgar Baum, won the gold medal for a landscape in the Club's 1942 show.
* Peter Boyle: Boyle was a life member and he became the club president in 1949.
* Hugh Henry Breckenridge: He was a shortstop in the 1892 baseball game between the Sketch Club and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, for the Academy's team. Joined the Club two years later.
* Alexey Brodovitch: "The Club's own Edward Warwick (the elder) saw to it that Alexey came to Philadelphia and soon afterwards Alexey became a member of our Club." He was a member from 1931 to 1933.
* Henry T. Cariss: He was the Sketch Club's Vice-President from 1881 to 1883. He was elected President on January 4, 1883, to 1888.
* Howard Chandler Christy: He was a member of the Philadelphia Sketch Club until 1924. "Being a great patriot, Howard Chandler Christy was one of several artists to come down from New York in April 1919 to take part in the Camac Street Carnival, an extravaganza planned by the Club's own H. Devitt Welsh to raise money for the Fifth (Victory) Liberty Bond Campaign."
* John J. Dull: Dull joined in 1895. "John Dull was a major figure in this Club, serving on its board and taking other active roles."
* Thomas Eakins: The Club invited Eakins to teach an evening sketch class for them in 1874, and made him an honorary member.
* Richard Blossom Farley: He joined in 1896 and remained a member until his death. "... involved in decorating many of the Club's affairs, a frequent exhibitor ... He did murals for the dining room of what was the new University Club in 1930, for which the architect was Grant Miles Simon, another member of our Club." He also joined other Club members in helping the military during the Great War.
* Arthur Burdett Frost: Frost was a member from 1873 to 1883
* Daniel Garber: His membership to the Philadelphia Sketch Club from 1914 to 1917.
* Frank Gasparro: Bentzman says that there is little known about Gasparro's dealings in the club.
* John H. Geiszel: He joined the Club in 1924. He served shortly as the Club's Librarian.
* Hugh McMillen Hutton: He was a member of the Philadelphia Sketch Club from 1941 to 1976. His daughter, Betty MacDonald, and his granddaughter Susan Hutton DeAngelus are members of the Club.
* Daniel Ridgway Knight: It was in 1864 that he joined the Club. He became the club's Vice-President in 1865.
* Dr. R. Tait McKenzie: "That very year he arrived in Philadelphia, having accepted the position at the University of Pennsylvania as Director of Physical Education, he would become a member of our Club, and he would be a member for life."
* Peter Moran: His older brother, Edward was briefly the Club's Vice-President. Peter learned how to paint from Edward, who also taught their brother Thomas. Thomas was also a member of the Club.
* George Spencer Morris (1867-1922): Architect trained at the Drexel Institute and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. Apprenticed with Addison Hutton, Cope & Stewardson and Walter Smedley, and formed the architecture firm of Morris & Erskine ca. 1909. Active on the board of the Sketch Club and also a founding member of the Delaware Valley Ornithological Club in 1890.
* John Nemeth: He joined the Club in 1951. Bentzman notes Nemeth's various positions: "John took turns at being the Portfolio's Editor, the Club's Vice President and President, Juried Print Chair, Membership Chair, Publicity Chair, Presentation Chairman of the 135th Anniversary Pennell Medal (given to Edmund Bacon, City Planner), and was at his death the Archives Chairman."
* Adam Pietz: Bentzman writes, "He joined the Sketch Club when the club rooms were on the top floor at Eleventh and Walnut Streets, and there is still around the Club an old steel letterhead die, with the Club seal and the words "11th and Walnut, Phila., Pa." on a ribbon, which Adam engraved shortly after he joined. ... In 1960, a labor of love in his 87th year, he designed and executed the Sketch Club's Hundredth Anniversary Medal."
* Henry C. Pitz: Pitz joined the Philadelphia Sketch Club in 1917. In 1935, he became the Club's President.
* Edward Willis Redfield: He was a student at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts of Sketch Club members Thomas Anshutz and James Philip Kelley.
* Norman Guthrie Rudolph: He was a student of John Dull, Daniel Garber, Thorton Oakley, and Fred Wagner. He was a member of the Philadelphia Sketch Club from 1922 to 1973.
* H. Lyman Saÿen: Member of the Club from 1902 until his death in 1918. Born in 1875. Studied under Matisse.
* Earl Shinn: Indeed, Edward Strahan is a pseudonym for Earl Shinn (1837–1886), one of the founding members of our Club where he was much appreciated as a singer of comic songs. He is one of sixteen names that signed the Club's constitution in 1861 and served as the Club's secretary from September 1862 until March 1863.
* Henry Troth: He joined the Club in 1903. For the Camac street headquarters, Bentzman writes that Troth "painted, he installed electrical lighting, and he did carpentry. He not only worked to improve the interior of the rooms, he also contributed books to our library, was still contributing books in 1935. In November 1915, when the three Sketch Club buildings were turned into one, Henry, who had been the acting House Committee Chairman, saw to it that the Club had an ideal Steward. In his capacity as photographer, he documented Club outings. ... The Great Depression hurt many Club members. When he could no longer afford to pay the membership fees, Henry proffered his resignation. ... The irony is Henry never liked Life Memberships because they hurt the Club's treasury. He had worked hard to have the rules of Life Membership modified to make it harder to obtain."
* Fred Wagner -In 1923, he served briefly as the Club's Vice President. He was a life member and died the 14th January 1940.
* Edward Warwick: He joined the Club in 1909. His brother, Nelson D. Warwick, also joined the Club in 1915. Edward "established the Barter Show, in which the artists wrote down on a slip of paper by the work they exhibited what they would take in trade, such things as a case of can soup or a lawnmower." (Bentzman)
* N.C. Wyeth -He was a member from 1911 to 1919. Bentzman notes, "I first learned of N. C.'s November 1912 exhibition in the Club's gallery from David Michaelis's book, N. C. Wyeth: A Biography."
* Samuel Yellin: joined the Club in 1922.

39°56′51″N 75°09′42″W / 39.94744°N 75.16160°W / 39.94744; -75.16160

## InfoBox

Philadelphia Sketch Club
|
|  |
|
| Formation | November 20, 1860 (1860-11-20) |
| Purpose | Artists' club |
| Headquarters | 235 South Camac Street, <br>Philadelphia, PA 19107-5608 |
| President | Richard A. Harrington |
| Website | http://sketchclub.org |
|  | |
| Philadelphia Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |


title: Halloceras

abstract: Halloceras is a gyroconic rutoceratid from the Lower Devonian of North America, with a subtriangular whorl section, narrow dorsum, divergent flanks, and broad, rounded venter, frills at various growth points, suture with shallow ventral and lateral lobes, and a small siphuncle near the venter. Halloceras was named by Hyatt in 1884. The type us Halloceras undulatum.

text:
# Halloceras

***Halloceras*** is a gyroconic rutoceratid from the Lower Devonian of North America, with a subtriangular whorl section, narrow dorsum (on the inner side), divergent flanks, and broad, rounded venter (on the outer side), frills at various growth points, suture with shallow ventral and lateral lobes, and a small siphuncle near the venter.

*Halloceras* was named by Hyatt in 1884. The type us *Halloceras undulatum*.

## InfoBox

| *Halloceras*
Temporal range: | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Cephalopoda |
| Subclass: | Nautiloidea |
| Order: | Nautilida |
| Family: | Rutoceratidae |
| Genus: | *Halloceras*
Hyatt, 1884 |
|


title: In a Different Light (song)

abstract: "In a Different Light" is a song written by Bob McDill, Dickey Lee and Bucky Jones, and recorded by American country music artist Doug Stone. It was released in February 1991 as the fourth and final single from his self-titled debut album. It peaked at number 1 in both the United States and Canada, thus becoming his first number one hit.

text:
# In a Different Light (song)

"**In a Different Light**" (sometimes shortened to "**Different Light**") is a song written by Bob McDill, Dickey Lee and Bucky Jones, and recorded by American country music artist Doug Stone. It was released in February 1991 as the fourth and final single from his self-titled debut album. It peaked at number 1 in both the United States and Canada, thus becoming his first number one hit.

## Content

The song is about a male office worker who has a fantasy-come-true about one of his female co-workers, who—despite her apparent youthful appearance—is always bespectacled, her hair in a bun and conservatively dressed in business attire. The protagonist takes note of his male co-workers' lack of interest in the woman, while not letting on (to them) about his social encounters with the woman.

It is during these encounters that the protagonist reveals that "I see you (the co-worker) in a different light," remarking that he had seen the woman with her hair worn long and with "love in \[her\] eyes," revealing her physical beauty to him.

## Chart positions

| Chart (1991) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 1 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1991) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 42 |
| US Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 5 |

## InfoBox

| "In a Different Light" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Doug Stone | |
| from the album  *Doug Stone* | |
| B-side | "Turn This Thing Around" |
| Released | February 1991 |
| Recorded | 1990 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 3:28 |
| Label | Epic 73741 |
| Songwriter(s) | Bucky Jones, Dickey Lee, Bob McDill |
| Producer(s) | Doug Johnson |
| Doug Stone singles chronology | |
| "These Lips Don't Know How to Say Goodbye"
(1990) "**In a Different Light**"
(1991) "I Thought It Was You"
(1991) | |


title: Tweener (tennis)

abstract: The tweener or between-the-legs shot is a difficult tennis shot where a player hits the ball between his or her legs. It is typically performed facing away from the opponent, when the player attempts to recover a lob and has no time to turn back around, and hits the ball backward between their legs. Forward-facing tweeners, sometimes called "front tweeners", are also occasionally employed. In competitive matches the tweener is a crowd-pleasing, seldom used last resort, but it is a common trick shot in exhibitions. Players who famously executed the backward shot include the pioneer Guillermo Vilas, Yannick Noah, Ilie Năstase, Gabriela Sabatini, Juan Carlos Ferrero, Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, Juan Martín del Potro, Nick Kyrgios, Daria Kasatkina, Agnieszka Radwańska, Simona Halep, Ons Jabeur, and Novak Djokovic.

text:
# Tweener (tennis)

The **tweener** or **between-the-legs shot** (also known as a **hotdog**) is a difficult tennis shot where a player hits the ball between his or her legs. It is typically performed facing away from the opponent, when the player attempts to recover a lob and has no time to turn back around, and hits the ball backward between their legs. Forward-facing tweeners, sometimes called "front tweeners", are also occasionally employed. In competitive matches the tweener is a crowd-pleasing, seldom used last resort, but it is a common trick shot in exhibitions. Players who famously executed the backward shot include the pioneer Guillermo Vilas (whose version was called the "Gran Willy"), Yannick Noah, Ilie Năstase, Gabriela Sabatini (whose version became known as "the Sabatweenie"), Juan Carlos Ferrero, Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, Juan Martín del Potro, Nick Kyrgios, Daria Kasatkina, Agnieszka Radwańska, Simona Halep, Ons Jabeur, and Novak Djokovic.

## History

The first tennis player to study and develop this shot was Argentine Guillermo Vilas. Vilas was inspired by an advertisement where Juan Carlos Harriot, a famous polo player during the '70s, hit a backwards shot between his horse's hind legs. He debuted his version in a 1974 exhibition match at the courts of Club Obras Sanitarias in Buenos Aires against the French player Wanaro N'Godrella. One year later, in 1975, he hit this shot for the very first time during an official ATP match in Indianapolis Championship against the Spaniard player Manuel Orantes; the shot became known as "Gran Willy" ("the great willy") after him. Romanian Ilie Năstase, who pioneered a backward over-the-shoulder shot known as the "Bucharest Backfire", also executed the backward tweener during the late '70s.

In the 1980s, players employing the backward tweener shot included the French player Yannick Noah, German player Boris Becker, the Swede Stefan Edberg, and Argentine Gabriela Sabatini, whose version became known as "the Sabatweenie". American Andre Agassi used it in the 1990s. In the 21st century, Swiss player Roger Federer hit tweeners on several notable occasions, further popularizing the shot. He successfully hit a backward tweener for a winner to give himself match point in the 2009 US Open semifinal, which he called "the greatest shot I ever hit in my life." Federer has also used front-facing tweeners on several occasions. Hubert Hurkacz, who defeated Federer in the quarterfinals of the 2021 Wimbledon tournament, has had his tweener described as "one of the flashiest on tour" by Christopher Clarey of *The New York Times*. A high jump front-facing tweener was also notably executed by Mary Pierce during the quarter-finals of the 2000 French Open.


title: Laidlaw Foundation

abstract: The Laidlaw Foundation is a Canadian charitable foundation based in Toronto, Ontario. Founded in 1949 by Robert A. Laidlaw, the institution was established with the purpose of providing financial support for charitable, conservation, educational, and cultural organizations in the Ontario region. Mr. Laidlaw and his two sons, Nicholas and Roderick, gave more than C$11 million to the foundation out of a family fortune made from the R. Laidlaw Lumber Company. Historically, the Laidlaw Foundation supported institutions such as the Hospital for Sick Children, the National Ballet of Canada, the National Ballet School, Upper Canada College, and the Royal Ontario Museum, among many others. In recent decades, the foundation has moved away from making major gifts to large institutions, shifting its focus to organizations and initiatives addressing child poverty, civic engagement, at-risk youth, justice for Indigenous communities, environmental sustainability, and the arts. Today, the foundation's work prioritizes Indigenous issues, and youth organizing for community change.

text:
# Laidlaw Foundation

The **Laidlaw Foundation** is a Canadian charitable foundation based in Toronto, Ontario. Founded in 1949 by Robert A. Laidlaw, the institution was established with the purpose of providing financial support for charitable, conservation, educational, and cultural organizations in the Ontario region. Mr. Laidlaw and his two sons, Nicholas and Roderick, gave more than C$11 million to the foundation out of a family fortune made from the R. Laidlaw Lumber Company.

Historically, the Laidlaw Foundation supported institutions such as the Hospital for Sick Children, the National Ballet of Canada, the National Ballet School, Upper Canada College, and the Royal Ontario Museum, among many others. In recent decades, the foundation has moved away from making major gifts to large institutions, shifting its focus to organizations and initiatives addressing child poverty, civic engagement, at-risk youth, justice for Indigenous communities, environmental sustainability, and the arts. Today, the foundation's work prioritizes Indigenous issues, and youth organizing for community change.

## Key people and history (1961-2024)

In 1961, the Laidlaw Foundation hired its first full-time staff member, Mary Claire Thomas. Thomas, who completed her Master's of Social Work at the University of Toronto, led the foundation until her retirement in 1982. Although she was hired under the title of Secretary, "she was responsible for running the organization and devising policies and new programs with the board."

In 1982, the Laidlaw Foundation hired Nathan Gilbert, 30, as its new Foundation Secretary (later Executive Director), a role he served in until his retirement in 2013. During this period, the foundation continued its support for environmental initiatives and cultural projects, but shifted focus from large legacy cultural institutions like the ROM to small theatre companies such as Buddies in Bad Times, Theatre Passe Muraille, and the Ballet Creole. In addition, the foundation established new funding priorities addressing civic engagement and social inequities, funding social infrastructure for at-risk youth, as well as policy and advocacy initiatives that promoted structural solutions to child poverty.

Since 2014, the Laidlaw Foundation has been led by Executive Director Jehad Aliweiwi. Following the 2015 release of the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, the foundation pledged to support the implementation of the 94 calls to action, and has since given greater priority to addressing the needs of Indigenous communities. The Laidlaw Foundation's 2019-2024 Strategic Plan prioritizes "a deeper emphasis on youth-led systems change"; this includes focussing on "under-served youth impacted by the justice, education, and child welfare systems, and redoubling the commitment to elevate their needs and amplify their voices."

## InfoBox

Laidlaw Foundation
|
|  |
| Founded | 1949 |
| Founder | Robert A. Laidlaw |
| Location |  |
| Executive Director | Jehad Aliweiwi (2014-present) |
| Endowment (2023) | C$75.3 million |
| Website | laidlawfdn.org |


title: Kalbar United F.C.

abstract: Kalimantan Barat United Football Club, commonly known as Kalbar United, is an Indonesian football club based in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. They currently compete in the Liga 3.

text:
# Kalbar United F.C.

**Kalimantan Barat United Football Club**, commonly known as **Kalbar United**, is an Indonesian football club based in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. They currently compete in the Liga 3.

## Honours

## InfoBox

Kalbar United
| Full name | Kalimantan Barat United Football Club |
| --- | --- |
| Nickname(s) | Mandau Kapuas *(Kapuas Blades)* |
| Short name | KUN |
| Founded | 2023 (2023) |
| Ground | Sultan Syarif Abdurrahman Stadium |
| Capacity | 5,500 |
| Owner | Askot PSSI Pontianak |
| Coach |  |
| League | Liga 3 |
| 2023–24 | 1st, (West Kalimantan zone)<br>3rd in Group P, (National) |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
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title: György Magyar

abstract: György Magyar is a Hungarian lawyer, politician and university teacher. He has served as Vice Chairman of the Everybody's Hungary Movement since 2018. In 1973, he graduated from the Faculty of Law of the Eötvös Loránd University. Magyar was the MP candidate of the MSZP–P coalition in the 4th constituency of Somogy County in the 2018 Hungarian parliamentary election. He received 11,221 votes (25.02%), and finished 2nd behind Mihály Witzmann of Fidesz.

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# György Magyar

**György Magyar** (born 23 October 1949) is a Hungarian lawyer, politician and university teacher. He has served as Vice Chairman of the Everybody's Hungary Movement since 2018.

In 1973, he graduated from the Faculty of Law of the Eötvös Loránd University.

Magyar was the MP candidate of the MSZP coalition in the 4th constituency of Somogy County in the 2018 Hungarian parliamentary election. He received 11,221 votes (25.02%), and finished 2nd behind Mihály Witzmann of Fidesz.

## Famous clients

## InfoBox

| György Magyar | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1949-10-23) 23 October 1949
Budapest, Hungary |
| Political party | Independent |
| Other political
affiliations |  |
| Spouse | Anikó (m. 1973) |
| Children | 3 |
| Alma mater | Eötvös Loránd University |
| Profession | * Lawyer * politician * university teacher |
| Awards | Miklós Radnóti Antiracist Award |
| Website | György Magyar website |
|  | |


title: François Bizot

abstract: François Bizot is a French anthropologist. While working as a conservationist in Cambodia, he was held captive by the Khmer Rouge for several months. He was released after being found innocent of spying charges, becoming the only Westerner to survive imprisonment by the Khmer Rouge.

text:
# François Bizot

**François Bizot** (French pronunciation: \[fʁɑ̃swa bizo\]; born 8 February 1940) is a French anthropologist. While working as a conservationist in Cambodia, he was held captive by the Khmer Rouge for several months. He was released after being found innocent of spying charges, becoming the only Westerner to survive imprisonment by the Khmer Rouge.

## Arrival in Cambodia

Bizot arrived in Cambodia in 1965 to study Buddhism practised in the countryside. He travelled extensively around Cambodia, researching the history and customs of its dominant religion. He speaks fluent Khmer, French and English and was married to a Cambodian with whom he had a daughter, Hélène, in 1968. When the Vietnam War spilled into Cambodia, Bizot was employed at the Angkor Conservation Office, restoring ceramics and bronzes.

Bizot, at first, welcomed the American intervention in Cambodia, hoping that they might counter the rising influence of the Communists. "But their irresponsibility, the inexcusable naivete, even their cynicism, frequently aroused more fury and outrage in me than did the lies of the Communists. Throughout those years of war, as I frantically scoured the hinterland for the old manuscripts that the heads of monasteries had secreted in lacquered chests, I witnessed the Americans' imperviousness to the realities of Cambodia," wrote Bizot in his memoirs of the time.

## Capture

In October 1971, Bizot and his two Cambodian colleagues were captured by the Khmer Rouge. During his captivity on charges of being a CIA agent at the Khmer Rouge Camp M.13 at Anlong Veng, he developed a close relationship with his captor, Comrade Duch, who later became the Director of the Tuol Sleng concentration camp in Phnom Penh. During his three-month imprisonment he became aware of the genocidal nature of the Khmer Rouge long before other outsiders. He was released in December 1971 after Comrade Duch wrote a detailed report that convinced the Khmer Rouge leadership of Bizot's innocence. Bizot's Cambodian colleagues were executed soon after Bizot's release.

## Life after captivity

When the Khmer Rouge captured Phnom Penh on 17 April 1975, Bizot, like most other foreigners in the country, sought refuge in the French Embassy. Because of his fluency in Khmer, he soon became the primary point of contact and unofficial translator between the embassy officials and the Khmer Rouge. He left Cambodia when the Khmer Rouge expelled all foreigners and sealed off Cambodia's borders. He returned to Cambodia in 2003 and met his former captor Duch, who was waiting for his trial for crimes against humanity, for about one hour and a half (a few minutes of the encounter were put on film). These moments can be seen in the documentary "Derrière Le Portail" ("Behind The Gate"). Duch was on trial at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia and received a 35-year sentence, later increased to life from an appeal.  Bizot was the first witness to testify at the trial.

Bizot is Emeritus Professor at the École française d'Extrême-Orient.

Bizot's story provides the basis for the character Hansen in John le Carré's novel *The Secret Pilgrim*.

## Further reading

* François Bizot. 2003. *The Gate.* New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Euan Cameron, trans.
* François Bizot. 2006. *Le Saut du Varan.* Paris: Flammarion
* François Bizot. 2012. *Facing the Torturer.* New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Charlotte Mandell and Antoine Audouard, trans.

1. Derrière le portail, film-documentaire.fr. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
1. "François Bizot Biography". *Pen America Center*. Archived from the original on 2005-10-28. Retrieved 2005-12-18.
2. Kenneth Champeon. "Threshold of Fear". Archived from the original on 2005-10-20.
3. Bizot, François (2003). *The Gate*. Translated by Euan Cameron. Alfred A. Knoph. ISBN 0-375-41293-X.
4. François Bizot (2009-02-17). "My Savior, Their Killer". *The New York Times*. Retrieved 2010-05-02.
5. "Row threatens Khmer Rouge trials". *BBC News*. 2009-04-09. Retrieved 2010-01-04.
6. Thomas Hofnung (19 October 2006). "Khmer courage". Libération. Archived from the original on 2012-03-09. Retrieved 2009-05-01.

## InfoBox

| François Bizot | |
| --- | --- |
| François Bizot at the *Salon du livre*, in Paris (2012) | |
| Born | (1940-02-08) 8 February 1940<br>Nancy, France |
| Occupation | anthropologist |


title: Philadelphia Science Fiction Society

abstract: Philadelphia Science Fiction Society (PSFS) is a science fiction club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Established in 1936, PSFS is the second oldest extant group in science fiction fandom, and hosted what is considered by some to be the first science fiction convention. Anyone living in the greater Philadelphia area and interested in science fiction, fantasy, horror, whether written or on TV or in the movies; SF, fantasy, and horror art; gaming, board games or video games; comic books/graphic novels; and related arts is welcome. The PSFS Constitution requires that a person must have attended three meetings before being voted into membership. The traditional club greeting for a person voted in is, "Pay your dues!" shouted in unison.

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# Philadelphia Science Fiction Society

**Philadelphia Science Fiction Society** (**PSFS**) is a science fiction club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Established in 1936, PSFS is the second oldest extant group in science fiction fandom, and hosted what is considered by some to be the first science fiction convention. Anyone living in the greater Philadelphia area and interested in science fiction, fantasy, horror, whether written or on TV or in the movies; SF, fantasy, and horror art; gaming, board games or video games; comic books/graphic novels; and related arts is welcome.

The PSFS Constitution requires that a person must have attended three meetings before being voted into membership. The traditional club greeting for a person voted in is, "Pay your dues!" shouted in unison.

## History

PSFS was formed in October 1935 as a merger of the 11th chapter of the Science Fiction League (chartered the previous January by Milton A. Rothman), and the Boy's Science Fiction Club, founded at about the same time. It adopted its present name in early 1936. According to John Baltadonis (one of its founders), the new name was inspired by an illuminated sign saying "PSFS" on the Philadelphia Savings Fund Society's building. The idea was that the science fiction group could then claim that the building was its clubhouse. In 1944, it merged with another Philadelphia SF club, the Philadelphia Futurians, and retained the PSFS name.

PSFS meets monthly, usually on the second Friday of the month. Meeting usually have a guest speaker. The Annual meeting is held in January and sees the seven members of the PSFS Board (President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, and three at-large members) report on their activities for the past year, and elections for new officers are held.

## Panel

Since 1981, the July meeting of the Society has featured the Hugo Panel. This panel is made up of five members and a varying number of alternates. Panel members and alternates read all the nominees for the Hugo Awards in the categories of Short Story, Novella, Novelette, Novel, and the long form and short form Dramatic Presentations. One panel member summarizes all the nominees in a category, with the other panelists commented after the summaries. All panelists then vote their preference for each nominee, ranking them and the traditional "No Award". Votes are averaged to get the rankings. The panel is usually held several days before the deadline for voting on the Hugos, and helps those PSFS members who are voting.

Each panel member and alternate also makes a recommendation for Best and Worst of all of the nominees. It is not uncommon for the same work to be nominated for both.

## Convention

PSFS hosts an annual science fiction convention, Philcon, in or near Philadelphia, usually in November. In 2006, the 70th anniversary Philcon was held at the Sheraton Philadelphia City Center Hotel. The first Philcon was held in 1936, making the convention the oldest science fiction convention in the world.

## Sponsorship

Since 1982, PSFS has sponsored the Philip K. Dick Award for "Best Original SF Paperback", which is awarded every year at Norwescon.

PSFS is incorporated as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.

* 2005 Philcon souvenir book, section on history of PSFS