title: Vigo Village

abstract: Vigo Village is a village and a civil parish in the Gravesham district in Kent, England. It takes its name from a 15th-century public house, which was renamed in the 18th century after the Battle of Vigo Bay. While a nearby hamlet named Vigo was recorded on an 18th-century map, the present village was built in the mid-20th century, on a site that was previously a disused World War II army camp. The civil parish was created on 1 April 2000 from the parish of Meopham. The village is situated in the middle of chestnut woodland at the top of the North Downs, east of the road between Gravesend and Wrotham. Trosley Country Park lies immediately south of the village and forms part of the North Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In the 2001 census Vigo civil parish had a population of 2,201, reducing to 2,065 at the 2011 Census.

text:
# Vigo Village

**Vigo Village** /ˈvɡ/ is a village and (as simply **Vigo**) a civil parish in the Gravesham district in Kent, England. It takes its name from a 15th-century public house, which was renamed in the 18th century after the Battle of Vigo Bay. While a nearby hamlet named Vigo was recorded on an 18th-century map, the present village was built in the mid-20th century, on a site that was previously a disused World War II army camp. The civil parish was created on 1 April 2000 from the parish of Meopham.

The village is situated in the middle of chestnut woodland at the top of the North Downs, east of the road between Gravesend and Wrotham. Trosley Country Park lies immediately south of the village and forms part of the North Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In the 2001 census Vigo civil parish had a population of 2,201, reducing to 2,065 at the 2011 Census.

## History

The Vigo Inn is reputed to date from 1471. It was renamed after the Battle of Vigo Bay, a naval battle fought in 1702 during the War of the Spanish Succession. An apocryphal story suggests that the inn was renamed by a man who bought it with the proceeds of war prizes gained during the battle.

Little is recorded about the area until the 1870s when Sir Sidney Waterlow purchased large areas of land including the village of Fairseat, a good proportion of Stansted, and land from Wrotham to Meopham. The parts of the estate were linked by a small bridge bearing the family crest over Trottiscliffe Road, which is still in evidence today. In 1887 he built Trosley Towers on the crest of the escarpment to the east of Trottiscliffe Road. It was approached by two drives and surrounded by wooded grounds. Other private drives were constructed, one of which is Hamilton Drive which still survives in Trosley Towers Country Park and runs from the site of the old house to Commority Road.

Sir Sidney died in 1906 and the estate passed to his son Sir Philip. When he died in 1931 the estate was sold off. Some of the houses, such as Pilgrims House at the bottom of Trottiscliffe Road, were bought by tenants. Trosley Towers and the woodlands were sold to Mr E. E. Shahmoon in 1935. During this time chalets were built in the area. In 1936 Mr Shahmoon had Trosley Towers demolished and built Hamilton Lodge and adjoining stables. One story suggests that the Lodge and stables were built to accommodate the Shah of Persia and his racehorses on his visits to England.

### Second World War

In 1942 the area was taken over by the army. With the outbreak of war and the subsequent increase in size of the army, there was a need for large numbers of suitable candidates to train as officers. This training normally took place at an Officer Cadet Training Unit (OCTU) which was attached to the arm of the service in which the cadet would eventually serve. There were several OCTUs and therefore duplication of resources occurred and standards varied from unit to unit, so in the early part of 1942 it was decided to standardise the basic training and send all potential officer cadets to a pre-OCTU for up to eight weeks, before their attendance at their specialist OCTU. With a few exceptions, all officer cadets were required to attend the newly formed pre-OCTU Wrotham Camp, which was situated on what is now the site of Vigo Village. Training areas extended northwards through all of Happy Valley, almost to Meopham, and south to farmland beyond the Pilgrims Way. The site handled the majority of officers for the British Army for the next four years, handling up to 10,000 men at any one time.

The new camp was formed and administered by the 148th Independent Brigade Group, which became known as the 148th Training Brigade. Hamilton Lodge became the brigade's headquarters. Permanent staff and instructors who lived in the area were allowed to return home at evenings and weekends whilst the remainder were either accommodated on the site or billeted in Meopham or Wrotham. Cadets were housed in Nissen huts. Training consisted of lectures and demonstrations in a variety of subjects, tactics, map reading, field craft, camouflage and the operation of a variety of weapons including grenades and mortars. Field craft areas close to the camp were in 'Happy Valley' and night exercises took place in and around Luddesdown, Pilgrims Way, Addington and Ryarsh with a rifle range in the chalk pit, an assault course at the bottom of the escarpment and mortar and grenade ranges to the south of the Pilgrims Way. All instruction regarding vehicles was done at the D Wing \[Driving and Maintenance\]. The Wing had a large transport column of vehicles from 15cwt. trucks to 10 ton recovery vehicles plus hundreds of motor-cycles. The main motor pool was situated on what is now Vigo Rugby Club and motor cycle training was undertaken on a figure of eight course in the area of what is now Highview.

The camp continued to operate through to the early part of 1946 (the decision to abolish the brigade was taken on 8 April). Today little is left of what was at one time the largest pre-OCTU in the world. Only the outlines of some of the foundations in the surrounding woods, a concrete platform at the top of the escarpment which was a map reading point and a crumbling assault course wall at the bottom of the escarpment are now visible. Only one building remains, with its large, rusting double doors, it is situated behind Vigo School and was one of the motor transport garages. The only other reminder left today is in the name of one of the roads running through the village, Erskine Road, named after the Commanding Officer of the 148 Training Brigade from January 1943, and the Brigade HQ, Hamilton Lodge, on the Harvel Road.

### Post war

With the departure of the army in 1946, the area was occupied by people who, for the most part, had lost everything during the Blitz. Here they found ready-made accommodation (in the form of Nissen Huts) and well-made roads, and soon a community formed. The presence of about 1000 people in the area prompted the councils of Strood, Gravesend, West Malling and Northfleet to improve conditions for the inhabitants: roads were improved, toilets installed, and the huts partitioned to provide three rooms. The council charged rent and the settlement became known as Vigo Village.

The old camp lecture hall, Erskine Hall (on what is now the School field), was still standing and served the community in a variety of forms and at one point it was used as a storage facility for props from the London Palladium.

A bus service was started along with a shopping centre, known as Piccadilly Circus. There was a library in Erskine Hall, and a doctor's surgery in Henley Street nearby.

The stables at the back of Hamilton Lodge were used as a primary school from about 1948. Before this children attended Meopham and Culverstone schools. A scout group, the 17th Gravesend, was also started and run by the Church Army.

To the east of the site, on what was the old army motorcycle training course (now the area of Highview), was a caravan site.

By the late 1950s many of the residents were re-housed in nearby areas and the land was cleared to a certain extent. The land was then sold by Mr Shahmoon to Croudace Ltd, a property development company.

A purpose built primary school opened in 1972. A shopping centre was also built and the Villager pub opened in 1985.

## Transport

Vigo is served by buses to Sevenoaks and Gravesend.

## InfoBox

| Vigo Village | |
| --- | --- |
| The Villager pub | |
| Vigo VillageLocation within Kent | |
| Population | 2,065 (2011) |
| OS grid reference | TQ635615 |
| Civil parish | * Vigo |
| District |  |
| Shire county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Gravesend |
| Postcode district | DA13 |
| Dialling code | 01732 |
|  | |
| Police | Kent |
| Fire | Kent |
| Ambulance | South East Coast |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Oil megaprojects (2020)

abstract: This page summarizes projects that propose to bring more than 20,000 barrels per day (3,200 m⁳/d) of new liquid fuel capacity to market with the first production of fuel beginning in 2020. This is part of the Wikipedia summary of Oil Megaprojects.

text:
# Oil megaprojects (2020)

This page summarizes projects that propose to bring more than 20,000 barrels per day (3,200 m3/d) of new liquid fuel capacity to market with the first production of fuel beginning in 2020. This is part of the Wikipedia summary of Oil Megaprojects.

| Overview | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

## Detailed list of projects for 2020

| Country | Project Name | Year startup | Operator | Area | Type | Grade | 2P resvs | GOR | Peak Year | Peak | Discovery | Capital Inv. | Notes | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **OPEC** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Kuwait | Project Kuwait Phase II | 2020 | KOC | LAND | Crude | Heavy |  |  | 2020 | 0 |  |  | No FID 400 kbd |  |
| Iran | Yadavaran Ph 2 | 2020 | Sinopec | LAND | Crude | Heavy | 3.20 |  |  | 100 | 2000 |  |  |  |
| Saudi Arabia | Berri Exp | 2020 | Saudi Aramco | LAND | Crude | Extra Light |  |  |  | 0 |  |  | No FID 300 kbd |  |
| Saudi Arabia | Khurais Exp | 2020 | Saudi Aramco | LAND | Crude | Light |  |  |  | 0 |  |  | No FID 300 kbd |  |
| Saudi Arabia | Safaniyah Exp | 2020 | Saudi Aramco | OFF | Crude | Heavy |  |  |  | 0 |  |  | No FID 700 kbd |  |
| Saudi Arabia | Zuluf Exp | 2020 | Saudi Aramco | OFF | Crude | Medium |  |  |  | 0 |  |  | No FID 900 kbd |  |
| **Non-OPEC** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Canada | Joslyn Ph 4 | 2020 | CNRL | LAND | Bitumen | Oil sands |  |  |  | 0 |  |  | Application No FID 50 kbd |  |
| Mexico | (Chicontepec) Exp 3 | 2020 | PEMEX | LAND |  | Heavy | 2.287 |  | 2024 | 200 |  | $30B |  |  |
| United States | (Eagle Ford Shale) | 2020 | Chesapeake Energy | LAND | Crude | Light |  |  | 2020 | 500 | 2010 |  | JV with CNOOC |  |


title: New Jersey's 39th legislative district

abstract: New Jersey's 39th legislative district is one of 40 in the state, including portions of Bergen County. Included are the Bergen County municipalities of Allendale, Alpine, Cresskill, Closter, Demarest, Dumont, Emerson, Harrington Park, Haworth, Hillsdale, Ho-Ho-Kus, Mahwah, Midland Park, Montvale, Northvale, Norwood, Oakland, Old Tappan, Park Ridge, Ramsey, River Vale, Rockleigh, Saddle River, Upper Saddle River, Waldwick, Washington Township, Westwood, and Woodcliff Lake.

text:
# New Jersey's 39th legislative district

**New Jersey's 39th legislative district** is one of 40 in the state, including portions of Bergen County. Included are the Bergen County municipalities of Allendale, Alpine, Cresskill, Closter, Demarest, Dumont, Emerson, Harrington Park, Haworth, Hillsdale, Ho-Ho-Kus, Mahwah, Midland Park, Montvale, Northvale, Norwood, Oakland, Old Tappan, Park Ridge, Ramsey, River Vale, Rockleigh, Saddle River, Upper Saddle River, Waldwick, Washington Township, Westwood, and Woodcliff Lake.

## Demographic characteristics

As of the 2020 United States census, the district had a population of 217,994, of whom 172,439 (79.1%) were of voting age. The racial makeup of the district was 162,440 (74.5%) White, 4,051 (1.9%) African American, 645 (0.3%) Native American, 26,509 (12.2%) Asian, 31 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 7,565 (3.5%) from some other race, and 16,753 (7.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 22,937 (10.5%) of the population.

The district had 185,890 registered voters as of December 1, 2023, of whom 73,440 (39.5%) were registered as unaffiliated, 56,530 (30.4%) were registered as Democrats, 54,499 (29.3%) were registered as Republicans, and 1,421 (0.8%) were registered to other parties.

The district, which covers most of Northern Bergen County, has the smallest African-American population of any district in the state and ranks 31st in the number of Hispanic residents, while it has the ninth-highest percentage of Asian residents. At 0.3% it has the lowest percentage of children receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families aid, just over 5% of the state average. The district ranked second-highest in both equalized property value and personal income on a per capita basis.

## Political representation

For the 2024–2025 session, the 39th legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Holly Schepisi (, River Vale) and in the General Assembly by Robert Auth (R, Old Tappan) and John V. Azzariti (R, Saddle River).

The legislative district is located within New Jersey's 5th congressional district and New Jersey's 9th congressional district.

## Apportionment history

Throughout most of the district's history since 1973, the year the 40-district legislative map was created in New Jersey, the 39th district has encompassed the small affluent boroughs and townships in northeast Bergen County. In the redistricting of 1981 and 1991, only a few municipalities were added and removed to get the district's population close to one-fortieth of the state's population as required under the *Reynolds v. Sims* ruling.

Changes to the district made as part of the New Jersey Legislative apportionment in 2001 removed Englewood Cliffs and Tenafly (to the 37th legislative district added Oradell (from the 38th legislative district) and Waldwick and Washington Township (from the 40th legislative district).

With Democrat Brendan Byrne at the top of the ticket winning the race for Governor of New Jersey, Frank Herbert won the 1977 race for Senate in the 39th district, standing together with his running mates in support of the establishment of a state income tax to defeat Republican John Markert.

In the 1979 election, Gerald Cardinale and Markert defeated incumbent Democrat Greta Kiernan, who had herself defeated Markert two years earlier.

Cardinale knocked off the incumbent State Senator Frank Herbert in 1981 and Herbert fell short again running against Cardinale in 1983, losing by about 1,000 votes.

Citing recent hip replacement surgery as a factor, John E. Rooney announce in March 2009 that he would not seek another term of office and would retire after 26 years in the legislature. He endorsed Bob Schroeder, a Washington Township councilmember, who won election to succeed him. After Charlotte Vandervalk decided not to run for re-election in 2011, Holly Schepisi ran in her place and won together with the other Republican incumbents.

Changes to the district made as part of the New Jersey Legislative apportionment in 2011 removed several Bergen County municipalities and added portions of Passaic County and northwest Bergen County.

Gerald Cardinale died in office on February 20, 2021, after 12 terms in office. Holly Schepisi won a Republican Party special convention over Robert Auth to fill the vacant senate seat and was sworn in on March 25, 2021. Upper Saddle River council member DeAnne DeFuccio edged out John V. Azzariti and was chosen by Republicans to fill the Assembly seat vacated by Schepisi; she took office on April 9, 2021.

On February 2, 2023, DeFuccio announced that she would not seek re-election to the Assembly, despite previously announcing her candidacy and John Azzariti was chosen to fill DeFuccio's slot in the 2023 New Jersey General Assembly election.

## Election history

| Session | Senate | General Assembly | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1974–1975 | Raymond Garramone (D) | Herbert M. Gladstone (D) | Harold Martin (D) |
| 1976–1977 | | John Markert (R) | Harold Martin (D) |
| 1978–1979 | Frank Herbert (D) | Greta Kiernan (D) | Harold Martin (D) |
| 1980–1981 | | John Markert (R) | Gerald Cardinale (R) |
| 1982–1983 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | John Markert (R) | Joan M. Wright (R) |
| | | | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 1984–1985 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | John Markert (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| | | Elizabeth Randall (R) | |
| 1986–1987 | | Elizabeth Randall (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 1988–1989 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Elizabeth Randall (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 1990–1991 | | Elizabeth Randall (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| | | | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) |
| 1992–1993 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 1994–1995 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 1996–1997 | | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 1998–1999 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 2000–2001 | | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 2002–2003 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 2004–2005 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 2006–2007 | | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 2008–2009 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | John E. Rooney (R) |
| 2010–2011 | | Charlotte Vandervalk (R) | Bob Schroeder (R) |
| 2012–2013 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Holly Schepisi (R) | Bob Schroeder (R) |
| 2014–2015 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Holly Schepisi (R) | Robert Auth (R) |
| 2016–2017 | | Holly Schepisi (R) | Robert Auth (R) |
| 2018–2019 | Gerald Cardinale (R) | Holly Schepisi (R) | Robert Auth (R) |
| 2020–2021 | | Holly Schepisi (R) | Robert Auth (R) |
| | Holly Schepisi (R) | | DeAnne DeFuccio (R) |
| 2022–2023 | Holly Schepisi (R) | DeAnne DeFuccio (R) | Robert Auth (R) |
| 2024–2025 | Holly Schepisi (R) | John V. Azzariti (R) | Robert Auth (R) |

## Election results

### Senate

2021 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Holly Schepisi** | **45,985** | **57.2** | **4.4** |
|  | Democratic | Ruth Dugan | 34,065 | 42.3 | 4.0 |
|  | Libertarian | James Tosone | 403 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Total votes | | | **80,453** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2017
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **33,752** | **52.8** | **10.8** |
|  | Democratic | Linda H. Schwager | 29,631 | 46.3 | 9.9 |
|  | Libertarian | James Tosone | 574 | 0.9 | *N/A* |
| Total votes | | | **63,957** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2013
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **37,836** | **63.6** | **0.1** |
|  | Democratic | Jane “Jan” Bidwell | 21,616 | 36.4 | 0.1 |
| Total votes | | | **59,452** | **100.0** |  |

2011 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **28,041** | **63.5** |
|  | Democratic | Lorraine M. Waldes | 16,097 | 36.5 |
| Total votes | | | **44,138** | **100.0** |

2007 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **S. Gerald Cardinale** | **27,623** | **55.4** | **6.9** |
|  | Democratic | Joseph Ariyan | 22,272 | 44.6 | 6.9 |
| Total votes | | | **48,895** | **100.0** |  |

2003 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **30,718** | **62.3** | **0.6** |
|  | Democratic | Richard Muti | 18,605 | 37.7 | 1.5 |
| Total votes | | | **49,323** | **100.0** |  |

2001 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **S. Gerald Cardinale** | **42,717** | **62.9** |
|  | Democratic | Alan Baskin | 24,543 | 36.2 |
|  | Conservative | George E. Soroka | 616 | 0.9 |
| Total votes | | | **67,876** | **100.0** |

1997 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **46,424** | **66.3** | **3.8** |
|  | Democratic | Ilan Plawker | 22,466 | 32.1 | 5.4 |
|  | Conservative | Michael W. Koontz | 1,166 | 1.7 | *N/A* |
| Total votes | | | **70,056** | **100.0** |  |

1993 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **48,803** | **62.5** | **4.4** |
|  | Democratic | Stephen H. Jaffe | 29,268 | 37.5 | 4.4 |
| Total votes | | | **78,071** | **100.0** |  |

1991 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **37,135** | **66.9** |
|  | Democratic | Mary Donohue | 18,336 | 33.1 |
| Total votes | | | **55,471** | **100.0** |

1987 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **31,585** | **67.1** | **15.9** |
|  | Democratic | Louis B. Redisch | 15,499 | 32.9 | 15.9 |
| Total votes | | | **47,084** | **100.0** |  |

1983 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **27,199** | **51.2** | **7.0** |
|  | Democratic | Francis X. Herbert | 25,942 | 48.8 | 7.0 |
| Total votes | | | **53,141** | **100.0** |  |

1981 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **38,929** | **58.2** |
|  | Democratic | Francis X. Herbert | 27,948 | 41.8 |
| Total votes | | | **66,877** | **100.0** |

1977 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Francis X. Herbert** | **28,658** | **52.8** | **1.5** |
|  | Republican | John W. Markert | 25,582 | 47.2 | 1.5 |
| Total votes | | | **54,240** | **100.0** |  |

1973 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Raymond Garramone** | **31,999** | **54.3** |
|  | Republican | Harry Randall Jr. | 26,942 | 45.7 |
| Total votes | | | **58,941** | **100.0** |

### General Assembly

2021 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Robert Auth** | **44,343** | **28.3** | **1.8** |
|  | **Republican** | **DeAnne DeFuccio** | **43,791** | **27.9** | **0.3** |
|  | Democratic | Melinda J. Iannuzzi | 34,890 | 22.3 | 0.6 |
|  | Democratic | Karlito A. Almeda | 33,708 | 21.5 | 0.9 |
| Total votes | | | **156,732** | **100.0** |  |

2019 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Holly T. Schepisi** | **30,705** | **28.2** | **0.8** |
|  | **Republican** | **Robert J. Auth** | **28,786** | **26.5** | **0.3** |
|  | Democratic | John Birkner Jr. | 24,898 | 22.9 | 0.4 |
|  | Democratic | Gerald Falotico | 24,302 | 22.4 | 0.7 |
| Total votes | | | **108,691** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2017
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Holly Schepisi** | **34,158** | **27.4** | **3.9** |
|  | **Republican** | **Robert Auth** | **32,739** | **26.2** | **2.6** |
|  | Democratic | Jannie Chung | 29,126 | 23.3 | 3.0 |
|  | Democratic | Annie Hausmann | 28,862 | 23.1 | 3.4 |
| Total votes | | | **124,885** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2015
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Holly Schepisi** | **22,016** | **31.3** | **1.1** |
|  | **Republican** | **Robert Auth** | **20,227** | **28.8** | **0.8** |
|  | Democratic | John DeRienzo | 14,258 | 20.3 | 0.6 |
|  | Democratic | Jeffrey Goldsmith | 13,840 | 19.7 | 1.4 |
| Total votes | | | **70,341** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2013
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Holly Schepisi** | **36,873** | **32.4** | **2.1** |
|  | **Republican** | **Robert Auth** | **33,680** | **29.6** | **1.3** |
|  | Democratic | Donna C. Abene | 22,450 | 19.7 | 0.9 |
|  | Democratic | Anthony N. Iannarelli Jr. | 20,785 | 18.3 | 0.0 |
| Total votes | | | **113,788** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2011
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Robert Schroeder** | **26,572** | **30.9** |
|  | **Republican** | **Holly Schepisi** | **26,111** | **30.3** |
|  | Democratic | Michael J. McCarthy | 16,200 | 18.8 |
|  | Democratic | Anthony N. Iannarelli Jr. | 15,784 | 18.3 |
|  | Independent | Clinton Bosca | 1,425 | 1.7 |
| Total votes | | | **86,092** | **100.0** |

New Jersey general election, 2009
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **44,612** | **33.0** | **2.3** |
|  | **Republican** | **Robert Schroeder** | **42,477** | **31.5** | **3.7** |
|  | Democratic | Michael J. McCarthy | 24,577 | 18.2 | 3.9 |
|  | Democratic | John L. Shahdanian, II | 23,356 | 17.3 | 2.1 |
| Total votes | | | **135,022** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2007
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **30,234** | **30.7** | **2.3** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **27,353** | **27.8** | **1.5** |
|  | Democratic | Esther Fletcher | 21,771 | 22.1 | 0.3 |
|  | Democratic | Carl J. Manna | 19,099 | 19.4 | 2.9 |
| Total votes | | | **98,457** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2005
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **37,910** | **28.4** | **4.6** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **35,062** | **26.3** | **6.1** |
|  | Democratic | Josephine Higgins | 29,885 | 22.4 | 5.1 |
|  | Democratic | Dennis Testa | 29,825 | 22.3 | 5.0 |
|  | Libertarian | James P. Conway | 793 | 0.6 | *N/A* |
| Total votes | | | **133,475** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2003
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **31,701** | **33.0** | **1.6** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **31,173** | **32.4** | **2.0** |
|  | Democratic | John Dean DeRienzo | 16,665 | 17.3 | 2.7 |
|  | Democratic | Philip Peredo | 16,652 | 17.3 | 0.9 |
| Total votes | | | **96,191** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 2001
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **41,586** | **31.4** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **40,277** | **30.4** |
|  | Democratic | Linda Mercurio | 26,447 | 20.0 |
|  | Democratic | Jim Carroll | 24,037 | 18.2 |
| Total votes | | | **132,347** | **100.0** |

New Jersey general election, 1999
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **26,659** | **30.6** | **2.2** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **25,991** | **29.8** | **2.1** |
|  | Democratic | Michael Kasparian | 16,202 | 18.6 | 1.7 |
|  | Democratic | Ilan Plawker | 15,931 | 18.3 | 1.7 |
|  | Spirit of Service | Linda A. Mercurio | 1,076 | 1.2 | *N/A* |
|  | Conservative | Judith Klein | 394 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
|  | Conservative | Michael Koontz | 349 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
|  | "Sworn to Reform" | George E. Soroka | 266 | 0.3 | *N/A* |
|  | "Sworn to Reform" | Jeffrey C. Hogue | 239 | 0.3 | *N/A* |
| Total votes | | | **87,107** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 1997
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **44,522** | **32.8** | **2.2** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **43,203** | **31.9** | **2.6** |
|  | Democratic | Sherri Lippman | 22,847 | 16.9 | 2.7 |
|  | Democratic | Eric S. Aronson | 22,446 | 16.6 | 2.1 |
|  | Conservative | Pasquale Salimone | 951 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
|  | Conservative | Cynthia Soroka | 926 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
|  | Libertarian | Thomas Fischetti | 666 | 0.5 | *N/A* |
| Total votes | | | **135,561** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 1995
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **27,768** | **30.6** | **2.3** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **26,539** | **29.3** | **2.3** |
|  | Democratic | Kay Palacios | 17,727 | 19.6 | 1.1 |
|  | Democratic | Alan Baskin | 16,917 | 18.7 | 2.1 |
|  | Conservative | Anthony Descisciolo | 649 | 0.7 | *N/A* |
|  | Conservative | Leroy A. Wolf | 619 | 0.7 | *N/A* |
|  | Equality To All | K.C. Tan | 437 | 0.5 | *N/A* |
| Total votes | | | **90,656** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 1993
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **49,531** | **32.9** | **8.8** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **47,593** | **31.6** | **6.7** |
|  | Democratic | Mary R. Smith | 27,869 | 18.5 | 1.5 |
|  | Democratic | Donald W. Becker | 25,057 | 16.6 | *N/A* |
|  | Populist | Patricia Rainsford | 537 | 0.4 | 1.1 |
| Total votes | | | **150,587** | **100.0** |  |

1991 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Charlotte Vandervalk** | **40,864** | **41.7** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **37,573** | **38.3** |
|  | Democratic | Andrew Vaccaro | 16,609 | 17.0 |
|  | Populist | Patricia Rainsford | 1,498 | 1.5 |
|  | Populist | Robert Reiss | 1,440 | 1.5 |
| Total votes | | | **97,984** | **100.0** |

1989 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Elizabeth E. Randall** | **36,010** | **30.1** | **2.2** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **34,271** | **28.6** | **2.7** |
|  | Democratic | Gus D’Ercole | 24,715 | 20.6 | 1.9 |
|  | Democratic | Robert P. Contillo | 24,709 | 20.6 | 2.8 |
| Total votes | | | **119,705** | **100.0** |  |

1987 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Elizabeth E. Randall** | **29,548** | **32.3** | **1.0** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **28,619** | **31.3** | **0.3** |
|  | Democratic | William J. Daly | 17,083 | 18.7 | 1.0 |
|  | Democratic | Robert P. Bonanno | 16,264 | 17.8 | 0.5 |
| Total votes | | | **91,514** | **100.0** |  |

1985 New Jersey general election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Elizabeth E. Randall** | **35,172** | **33.3** | **4.4** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **33,358** | **31.6** | **2.9** |
|  | Democratic | Joseph A. Ferriero | 18,714 | 17.7 | 4.2 |
|  | Democratic | Fay Yeager | 18,257 | 17.3 | 3.2 |
| Total votes | | | **105,501** | **100.0** |  |

Special election, March 26, 1985
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Elizabeth Randall** | **7,183** | **59.8** |
|  | Democratic | Joseph A. Ferriero | 4,834 | 40.2 |
| Total votes | | | **12,017** | **100.0** |

New Jersey general election, 1983
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **John W. Markert** | **29,676** | **28.9** | **1.3** |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **29,509** | **28.7** | **2.8** |
|  | Democratic | Lucy M. Heller | 22,518 | 21.9 | 2.2 |
|  | Democratic | Michael D’Antoni | 21,075 | 20.5 | 1.9 |
| Total votes | | | **102,778** | **100.0** |  |

Special election, April 26, 1983
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **John E. Rooney** | **5,461** | **56.5** |
|  | Democratic | Lucy M. Heller | 4,208 | 43.5 |
| Total votes | | | **9,669** | **100.0** |

New Jersey general election, 1981
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Joan M. Wright** | **40,547** | **31.5** |
|  | **Republican** | **John W. Markert** | **38,781** | **30.2** |
|  | Democratic | Raymond E. McKenna | 25,353 | 19.7 |
|  | Democratic | Harold Martin | 23,916 | 18.6 |
| Total votes | | | **128,597** | **100.0** |

New Jersey general election, 1979
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Gerald Cardinale** | **27,608** | **28.1** | **4.8** |
|  | **Republican** | **John W. Markert** | **27,450** | **28.0** | **4.7** |
|  | Democratic | Greta Kiernan | 21,425 | 21.8 | 4.2 |
|  | Democratic | Harold Martin | 20,577 | 21.0 | 5.1 |
|  | Libertarian | Henry Koch | 809 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
|  | U.S. Labor | Elliot Greenspan | 308 | 0.3 | 0.0 |
| Total votes | | | **98,177** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 1977
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Harold Martin** | **28,105** | **26.1** | **0.7** |
|  | **Democratic** | **Greta Kiernan** | **28,026** | **26.0** | **1.1** |
|  | Republican | Gerald Cardinale | 25,087 | 23.3 | 1.9 |
|  | Republican | John F. Inganamort | 25,041 | 23.3 | 1.2 |
|  | Libertarian | Henry Koch | 681 | 0.6 | *N/A* |
|  | Libertarian | William J. Zelko, Jr. | 432 | 0.4 | *N/A* |
|  | U.S. Labor | Elliot I. Greenspan | 276 | 0.3 | *N/A* |
| Total votes | | | **107,648** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 1975
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Harold Martin** | **27,516** | **25.4** | **1.7** |
|  | **Republican** | **John W. Markert** | **27,226** | **25.2** | **1.9** |
|  | Democratic | Frederick P. Sharkey | 26,979 | 24.9 | 1.5 |
|  | Republican | Harold F. Benel | 26,521 | 24.5 | 1.3 |
| Total votes | | | **108,242** | **100.0** |  |

New Jersey general election, 1973
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Harold Martin** | **30,982** | **27.1** |
|  | **Democratic** | **Herbert M. Gladstone** | **30,143** | **26.4** |
|  | Republican | James Walker Ralph | 26,642 | 23.3 |
|  | Republican | Robert C. Veit | 26,583 | 23.2 |
| Total votes | | | **114,350** | **100.0** |

1. Resigned February 28, 1983 to join the Department of Community Affairs Division of Women
2. Elected to the Assembly in April 1983 special election, sworn in on May 5, 1983
3. Resigned February 4, 1985 to become deputy director of Alcoholic Beverage Control Commission
4. Elected to the Assembly in a March 1985 special election, sworn in on April 5, 1985
5. Resigned January 31, 1991 to become Bergen County counsel
6. Appointed to the Assembly on February 21, 1991
7. Died February 20, 2021
8. Appointed to the Senate on March 25, 2021
9. Appointed to the Assembly on April 9, 2021
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## InfoBox

| New Jersey's 39th legislative district | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Senator | Holly Schepisi () |
| Assembly members | Robert Auth (R)<br>John V. Azzariti (R) |
| Registration |  |
| Demographics |  |
| Population | 217,994 |
| Voting-age population | 172,439 |
| Registered voters | 185,890 |


title: Orbivestus

abstract: Orbivestus is a genus of shrubs in the family Asteraceae, native to tropical Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent. Its species were formerly placed in the genus Vernonia.

text:
# Orbivestus

***Orbivestus*** is a genus of shrubs in the family Asteraceae, native to tropical Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent. Its species were formerly placed in the genus *Vernonia*.

## Species

As of June 2024, *Plants of the World Online* recognises the following species. In 2009, Robinson provisionally rejected the inclusion of *Orbivestus undulatus*.

## InfoBox

| *Orbivestus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Cichorioideae |
| Tribe: | Vernonieae |
| Genus: | *Orbivestus*<br>H.Rob. (1999) |
|
| Species | |
| See text | |
| Synonyms | |
| *Namibithamnus* H.Rob., Skvarla & V.A.Funk (2016) | |


title: The Medicine Line

abstract: The Medicine Line is a Canadian documentary television series that was created and produced by Farpoint Films and premiered in Canada in 2014 on APTN. The show starred Dave Gaudet. The show won a Golden Sheaf Award for Best Documentary Series at the 2014 Yorkton Film Festival.

text:
# The Medicine Line

***The Medicine Line*** is a Canadian documentary television series that was created and produced by Farpoint Films and premiered in Canada in 2014 on APTN. The show starred Dave Gaudet.

The show won a Golden Sheaf Award for Best Documentary Series at the 2014 Yorkton Film Festival.

## Episodes

Here is a list of the episodes of the documentary TV series.

| No. | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Icons of Oppression" | John Barnard | Chris Charney | January 22, 2014 (2014-01-22) |
| 2 | "Re-animators" | John Barnard, Reil Munroe | Chris Charney | January 29, 2014 (2014-01-29) |
| 3 | "Peyote" | Shereen Jerrett | Chris Charney | February 5, 2014 (2014-02-05) |
| 4 | "A Rolling Stone" | Scott R. Leary | Chris Charney | February 12, 2014 (2014-02-12) |
| 5 | "Space" | Chris Charney | Chris Charney | February 19, 2014 (2014-02-19) |
| 6 | "The Haunt" | Scott R. Leary, Riel Munroe | Chris Charney | February 26, 2014 (2014-02-26) |
| 7 | "The Hunt" | Chris Charney, Riel Munroe | Chris Charney | March 5, 2014 (2014-03-05) |
| 8 | "Silent Heroes" | Cam Bennett | Chris Charney, Cam Bennett | March 12, 2014 (2014-03-12) |
| 9 | "Dance" | Chris Charney | Chris Charney | March 19, 2014 (2014-03-19) |
| 10 | "Images Of The Ages" | John Barnard | Chris Charney | March 26, 2014 (2014-03-26) |
| 11 | "Resistance" | Chris Charney | Chris Charney | April 2, 2014 (2014-04-02) |
| 12 | "Legacy In Stones" | John Barnard, Riel Munroe | Chris Charney | April 9, 2014 (2014-04-09) |
| 13 | "Dave's Roots" | John Barnard | Chris Charney | April 16, 2014 (2014-04-16) |

## InfoBox

| *The Medicine Line* | |
| --- | --- |
| Dave and his RV | |
| Genre | documentary |
| Written by | Chris Charney, Cam Bennett |
| Directed by | John Barnard, Chris Charney, Scott R. Leary, Cam Bennett, Reil Munroe, Shereen Jerrett |
| Starring | Dave Gaudet |
| Composer | Mitch Dorge |
| Country of origin | Canada |
| No. of seasons | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 13 |
| Production | |
| Executive producers | John Barnard, Chris Charney |
| Producers | Kyle Bornais, Scott R. Leary, Dave Gaudet |
| Production location | North America |
| Production company | Farpoint Films |
| Original release | |
| Network | APTN |
| Release | January 22, 2014 (2014-01-22) |


title: Nancy Brickhouse

abstract: Nancy Brickhouse is an American academic currently serving as provost at Baylor University. Prior to her position at Baylor, she was the provost of Saint Louis University. She holds a B.A in chemistry from Baylor University, and also holds a M.S in Purdue University, she earned her PhD from Purdue University. Brickhouse started her career in some rural district schools in north east Texas teaching physics, physical science and chemistry prior to her M.S and academy doctor degree. She worked in the University of Delaware for 27 years before being Saint Louis University provost. At Delaware, she held many leadership roles, including interim provost, deputy dean of the College of Education and Human Development. She was also a part of the task force that established the first set of science standards in the University of Delaware. In 2018, she resigned as provost of Saint Louis University, returning to the school's education department. In February 2019, she was announced as the incoming provost of Baylor University, and stepped into the role on May first of that same year.

text:
# Nancy Brickhouse

**Nancy Brickhouse** (born October 24, 1960) is an American academic currently serving as provost at Baylor University. Prior to her position at Baylor, she was the provost of Saint Louis University.

She holds a B.A in chemistry from Baylor University, and also holds a M.S in Purdue University, she earned her PhD from Purdue University. Brickhouse started her career in some rural district schools in north east Texas teaching physics, physical science and chemistry prior to her M.S and academy doctor degree.

She worked in the University of Delaware for 27 years before being Saint Louis University provost. At Delaware, she held many leadership roles, including interim provost, deputy dean of the College of Education and Human Development. She was also a part of the task force that established the first set of science standards in the University of Delaware.

In 2018, she resigned as provost of Saint Louis University, returning to the school's education department. In February 2019, she was announced as the incoming provost of Baylor University, and stepped into the role on May first of that same year.

## InfoBox

| Nancy Brickhouse | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Provost of Baylor University | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
2019 | |
| Provost of Saint Louis University | |
| **In office**
1 April 2015  June 2018 | |
| Succeeded by | Chester Gillis |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1960-10-24) October 24, 1960
Texas, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Baylor University (BA)
Purdue University
(MS, PhD) |
| Website | Office of the Provost |
|  | |


title: Johnny Smith (rugby union)

abstract: John Burns Smith was a New Zealand rugby union player, soldier, sportsman and baker. He was an All Black captain, and despite only playing nine matches is recognised as a great. His 26 appearances for the Second New Zealand Expeditionary Force rugby team, which toured the UK in 1946–47, earned him high praise. He also played for the New Zealand Māori, being of Ngāpuhi descent.

text:
# Johnny Smith (rugby union)

**John Burns Smith** (26 September 1922  3 December 1974) was a New Zealand rugby union player, soldier, sportsman and baker. He was an All Black captain, and despite only playing nine matches (including four tests) is recognised as a great. His 26 appearances for the Second New Zealand Expeditionary Force rugby team (known as the Kiwis), which toured the UK in 1946–47, earned him high praise. He also played for the New Zealand Māori, being of Ngāpuhi descent.

## All Black career

Smith only played nine matches for the All Blacks, including four tests. His entire All Black career consists of series in or against Australia in 1946, 1947, and 1949. There were no All Black tests in 1948, and the only other opponent New Zealand faced during Smith's time in the All Blacks was South Africa, in a series from which Māori players were excluded.

### 1946 Australia tour of New Zealand

Smith played the Australians twice during this tour—first as captain of a victorious North Auckland side (32–19), then as a member of the first All Black side since 1938. At Carisbrook in Dunedin, Smith scored a try in a 31–8 test victory. He did not play in the second test two weeks later.

### 1947 New Zealand tour of Australia

This nine-match tour was Smith's only trip away with the All Blacks. He made another single test appearance in a two-match test series.

### 1949 Australia tour of New Zealand

The All Blacks toured apartheid South Africa in 1949 but Māori players, including Smith, were excluded from the squad. The rugby unions of New Zealand and South Africa, and the South African government, have since apologised for this selection policy which was implemented at the South Africans' request by the NZRFU, "claiming it did not want to subject them to possible reprisals". Smith's official All Black profile now attributes his non-selection to "the unforgivable weakness shown by New Zealand rugby in meeting South Africa's apartheid conditions".

While that team was away, Australia toured New Zealand, leading to the unusual situation of simultaneous All Black series in different countries. "The New Zealand Rugby Union ... decided that the 1949 matches against Australia would have full test status, even though the country's top 30 \[white\] players were in South Africa. One of the reasons for the decision was to not deprive test caps to three of the All Blacks, Johnny Smith, Ben Couch and Vince Bevan who were not considered for the South African tour because they were Maori. All three would surely have otherwise gone to South Africa."

Smith captained the All Black sides that faced Australia. Both tests were lost (including one on 3 September—the same day that the Springboks beat New Zealand in Durban). They were the last All Black matches that Smith played. He was selected to play Australia again in 1952, but withdrew through injury.

## North Auckland

Smith played 41 matches for North Auckland, his last in 1954. He captained the province regularly, including against Australia (1946) and the British Lions (1950). Against the Lions he nearly scored a try that would have won the game, but was controversially ruled to have knocked the ball on. He was captain later in 1950 when North Auckland won the Ranfurly Shield for the first time, defeating South Canterbury.

In 1956, Smith coached North Auckland, and also served as a selector.

## Recognition

In 1949 Smith was the first recipient of the Tom French Cup, awarded to the Māori player of the year.

The official All Blacks profile published for Smith states that "there is little argument that Smith rates among the greatest midfield players ever produced in New Zealand".

### Posthumous recognition

In 2014, rugby writer Wynne Gray included Smith in his '100 Greatest All Blacks'.

Smith was recognised as Northland Legend of Sport at the Northland Sports Awards in 2005.

## Other sports

Smith's wide-ranging sporting ability led to a national junior tennis title in the 1938-39 doubles (with Allan Burns), appearances for the Northland cricket team, and success as an amateur golfer.

## Personal and family life

He was born in Kaikohe, New Zealand in 1922. He attended Kaikohe Primary and then Kaikohe District High School. He was one of three children. His father Leslie was a baker who had served in World War I and played rugby for both South Auckland and North Island Country. His mother, Niria Takiwira, belonged to the Te Uri-o-Hua hapū of Ngāpuhi. His brother Peter was also an All Black.

In 1946 he married Dorothy Robinson. They had four children, three of whom survived him (along with Dorothy) when he died in 1974. His son Glen won a national swimming title.

## InfoBox

John Smith
| Smith in 1949 | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | John Burns Smith |
| Date of birth | (1922-09-25)25 September 1922 |
| Place of birth | Kaikohe, New Zealand |
| Date of death | 3 December 1974(1974-12-03) (aged 52) |
| Place of death | Auckland, New Zealand |
| Height | 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) |
| Weight | 79 kg (174 lb; 12 st 6 lb) |
| School | Kaikohe District High School |
| Notable relative(s) | Peter Smith (brother) |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Centre  Amateur team(s)  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  Kaikohe   ()  Provincial / State sides  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1946–54 North Auckland  41  ()  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1946–49 New Zealand  4  (6) | |


title: Glyphodes pryeri

abstract: Glyphodes pryeri is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1879. It is found in Japan.

text:
# Glyphodes pryeri

***Glyphodes pryeri*** is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1879. It is found in Japan.

## InfoBox

| *Glyphodes pryeri* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Genus: | *Glyphodes* |
| Species: | ***G. pryeri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Glyphodes pryeri***<br>Butler, 1879 | |
|


title: Orphéal

abstract: The Orphéal was a keyboard instrument invented by the Belgian Georges Cloetens in 1910. It appears to have been a combination of piano, organ and harmonium, capable of reproducing approximations of the sounds of the cello, horn, etc. The only occasion that people these days are likely to come across its name is on the back of Durand editions of Maurice Ravel's music, where an advertisement for Petit Poucet from Ma Mère l'Oye, arranged for Orphéal, still exists. Cloetens also invented the Luthéal, which Ravel used in two works, Tzigane and L'Enfant et les Sortilèges.

text:
# Orphéal

The **Orphéal** was a keyboard instrument invented by the Belgian Georges Cloetens in 1910. It appears to have been a combination of piano, organ and harmonium, capable of reproducing approximations of the sounds of the cello, horn, etc.

The only occasion that people these days are likely to come across its name is on the back of Durand editions of Maurice Ravel's music, where an advertisement for Petit Poucet from Ma Mère l'Oye, arranged for Orphéal, still exists.

Cloetens also invented the Luthéal, which Ravel used in two works, Tzigane and L'Enfant et les Sortilèges.


title: IMCA Sport Compact

abstract: IMCA Sport Compact is IMCA's entry level class of racecars. They are found at IMCA tracks around the United States.

text:
# IMCA Sport Compact

**IMCA Sport Compact** is IMCA's entry level class of racecars. They are found at IMCA tracks around the United States.

## History

The series was formed in 2006, when six tracks ran the class. A seventh track was added in 2007.

## Cars

IMCA Sport Compacts are three or four cylinder front-wheel drive compact cars. The car's interior is gutted for safety and weight reduction. Safety equipment such as a roll cage is installed. A $1500 claim rule is in effect.

## Drivers

This division is designed for younger drivers, not those that want to get out of late models or modified racing. It's perfect for kids in high school, as there is a minimum age of 14. No one in this division can be licensed to compete in any other IMCA division.

## Past Point Champions

* 2020 - Ramsey Meyer - Pierce, NE
* 2019 - Alex Dostal - Glencoe, MN
* 2018 - Ramsey Meyer - Pierce, NE
* 2017 - Dillon Richards - Beatrice, NE
* 2016 - Nate Coopman - Mankato, MN
* 2015 - Nate Coopman - Mankato, MN
* 2014 - Nate Coopman - Mankato, MN
* 2013 - Ramsey Meyer - Pierce, NE
* 2012 - Cameron Meyer - Pierce, NE
* 2011 - Nate Coopman - Mankato, MN
* 2010 - Darick Lamberson - Grand Island, NE
* 2009 - Garrett Rech - Davey, NE
* 2008 - Dan Rhiley - Bennington, NE
* 2007 - Jena Barthelmes - Marion, IA

Reference:

## Past IMCA Super Nationals Champions

* 2020 - Rained Out
* 2019 - Nate Coopman - Mankato, MN
* 2018 Rained Out
* 2017 - Devin Jones - Mason City, IA
* 2016 - Josh Barnes - Keokuk, IA
* 2015 - Nate Coopman - Mankato, MN
* 2014 - Adam Gates - Marion, IA
* 2013 - Jacob Ellithorpe - Maquoketa, IA
* 2012 - Jacob Ellithorpe - Delmar, IA
* 2011 - Nathan Chandler - Norway, IA

Reference:


title: Vigo Township, Knox County, Indiana

abstract: Vigo Township is one of ten townships in Knox County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,083 and it contained 2,095 housing units.

text:
# Vigo Township, Knox County, Indiana

**Vigo Township** is one of ten townships in Knox County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,083 (up from 4,031 at 2010) and it contained 2,095 housing units.

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1890 | 3,428 |  |  |
| 1900 | 4,095 |  | 19.5% |
| 1910 | 5,860 |  | 43.1% |
| 1920 | 10,385 |  | 77.2% |
| 1930 | 7,916 |  | −23.8% |
| 1940 | 7,808 |  | −1.4% |
| 1950 | 7,036 |  | −9.9% |
| 1960 | 6,067 |  | −13.8% |
| 1970 | 5,635 |  | −7.1% |
| 1980 | 5,513 |  | −2.2% |
| 1990 | 4,666 |  | −15.4% |
| 2000 | 4,798 |  | 2.8% |
| 2010 | 4,031 |  | −16.0% |
| 2020 | 4,083 |  | 1.3% |
| Source: US Decennial Census | | | |

## History

Vigo Township was established in 1837. It was named for Col. François Vigo.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 67.11 square miles (173.8 km2), of which 66.13 square miles (171.3 km2) (or 98.54%) is land and 0.97 square miles (2.5 km2) (or 1.45%) is water.

## Education

Vigo Township residents may obtain a free library card from the Bicknell-Vigo Township Public Library.

1. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
2. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
3. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place -- 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2013.
4. "Explore Census Data". *data.census.gov*. Retrieved April 8, 2024.
5. "Township Census Counts: STATS Indiana".
6. *History of Knox and Daviess County, Indiana: From the Earliest Time to the Present*. Goodspeed. 1886. pp. 89.
7. "How Do I…?". Bicknell-Vigo Township Public Library. Retrieved March 8, 2018.

## InfoBox

| Vigo Township | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 38°50′17″N 87°14′17″W / 38.83806°N 87.23806°W / 38.83806; -87.23806 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Indiana |
| County | Knox |
| Government | |
| Type | Indiana township |
| Area | |
| Total | 67.11 sq mi (173.8 km2) |
| Land | 66.13 sq mi (171.3 km2) |
| Water | 0.97 sq mi (2.5 km2) |
| Elevation | 463 ft (141 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 4,083 |
| Density | 61/sq mi (23/km2) |
| FIPS code | 18-79118 |
| GNIS feature ID | 453960 |


title: Oil mist

abstract: Oil mist refers to oil droplets suspended in the air in the size range 1~10 μm.

text:
# Oil mist

**Oil mist** refers to oil droplets suspended in the air in the size range 1~10 μm.

## Formation of Oil Mist

Oil mist may form when high pressure fuel oil, lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, or other oil is sprayed through a narrow crack, or when leaked oil connects with a high temperature surface, vaporizes, and comes in contact with low air temperature.

This happens while the fluids interact with the moving parts during machining.

Smaller oil droplets than oil mist are difficult to generate under normal circumstances.

Bigger oil droplets than oil mist remain in spray form; this has the advantage of a higher ignition temperature. It sinks easily, reducing fire hazard. Oil mist inside the crankcase can cause a bigger problem.

## Risks

When the concentration of oil mist increases and reaches the lower explosion limit (LEL; 50 mg/ℓ, as defined by the IACS), explosion may occur when the mist contacts surfaces of over 200 °C (392 °F) or a spark.

The International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) mandates that all ships with a cylinder diameter greater than 300mm or engine power over 2,250 kW must be equipped with either bearing temperature detectors or oil mist detectors.

In regards to occupational exposures, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health have set occupational exposure limits at 5 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average, with a short-term exposure limit at 10 ppm.

1 International Maritime Organization (IMO)

2 International Association of Classification Societies Ltd unified requirements concerning MACHINERY INSTALLATIONS

3 Oil Companies International Marine Forum Ship Inspection Report (SIRE) Programme/ Vessel Inspection Questionnaires for Oil Tankers, Combination Carriers, Shuttle Tankers, Chemical Tankers and Gas Carriers