# Pakistani cricket team in England in 2019

The Pakistan cricket team toured England in May 2019 to play five One Day Internationals (ODIs) and one Twenty20 International (T20I) match ahead of the 2019 Cricket World Cup. The fixtures were part of both teams' preparation for the tournament. Three matches were played against English county sides as part of the tour, with 50-over matches played against Kent and Northants, and a Twenty20 match played against Leicestershire.

In addition to the provisional World Cup squad, Jofra Archer and Chris Jordan were named in England's squads for this series and the preceding ODI against Ireland, and were in contention for a place in the World Cup side depending on their performances. England finalised their fifteen-man World Cup squad following the conclusion of the matches against Pakistan. Mohammad Amir and Asif Ali were omitted from Pakistan's fifteen-man preliminary squad for the World Cup, but were included for this series as reserves.

England won the one-off T20I match by seven wickets. In the third ODI, Eoin Morgan played in his 198th match to become the most-capped player in ODIs for England, going past Paul Collingwood's total of 197 matches for the team. However, Morgan was suspended for the next ODI, following a slow over-rate in the third match. Jos Buttler was named as England's captain for the fourth ODI in Morgan's absence. England won the ODI series 4–0, after the first match was washed out.

England's series aggregate of 1,424 runs was the most for any team in an ODI series where they played a maximum of four innings. This surpassed India's total of 1,275 runs in their home series against Sri Lanka in December 2009.

## Squads

| ODIs | | T20I | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| England | Pakistan | England | Pakistan |
|  |  |  |  |

Ahead of the tour, Shadab Khan was ruled out of Pakistan's squad with a virus, with Yasir Shah named as his replacement. Shoaib Malik missed Pakistan's first two matches against England due to a personal issue. The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) confirmed that he was available for selection for the second ODI match. Mohammad Hafeez was also unavailable for the one-off T20I and the first two ODIs, after injuring his hand.

Sam Billings was ruled out of England's T20I squad after he dislocated his shoulder, and was replaced by Ben Foakes. Alex Hales was dropped from England's squads, following a 21-day ban for using recreational drugs and was replaced by James Vince. Jason Roy and Mark Wood were also withdrawn from the T20I squad prior to the series and were replaced by Ben Duckett and Dawid Malan. Malan then picked up a groin injury in the ODI against Ireland and was replaced by Phil Salt.

## Tour matches

### One-day match: Kent vs Pakistan

* Pakistan won the toss and elected to bat.
* Jordan Cox (Kent) made his List A debut.

### One-day match: Northamptonshire vs Pakistan

* Northamptonshire won the toss and elected to bat.

### Twenty-over match: Leicestershire vs Pakistan

* Leicestershire won the toss and elected to field.
* Will Davis and Ben Mike (Leicestershire) both made their T20 debuts.
* *Babar Azam (Pak) scored his first T20 century.*

## T20I match

### Only T20I

## ODI series

### 1st ODI

* England won the toss and elected to field.
* Rain during Pakistan's innings prevented any further play.

### 2nd ODI

* Pakistan won the toss and elected to field.

### 3rd ODI

### 4th ODI

* England won the toss and elected to field.

### 5th ODI

* England won the toss and elected to bat.
1. "England schedule confirmed for summer 2019". England and Wales Cricket Board. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
2. "Ashes schedule confirmed for 2019, along with England's maiden Ireland Test". *ESPN Cricinfo*. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
3. "Mohammad Amir: Pakistan fast bowler left out of World Cup provisional squad". BBC Sport. Retrieved 2 May 2019.
4. "Pakistan's international schedule in 2019". *CricTracker*. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
5. "Mickey Arthur holds media conference in Lahore". Pakistan Cricket Board. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
6. "Jofra Archer & Chris Jordan selected in England squads". Sussex Cricket. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
7. "England Cricket World Cup squad: Jofra Archer misses out on preliminary 15-man list". *The Telegraph*. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
8. "England leave out Jofra Archer from World Cup squad". *International Cricket Council*. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
9. "Jofra Archer misses initial World Cup cut but set for England debut". *ESPN Cricinfo*. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
10. "Amir left out of Pakistan's World Cup squad". International Cricket Council. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
11. "England v Pakistan: Jofra Archer and Eoin Morgan star in Cardiff T20 win". BBC Sport. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
12. "Joe Denly's strange role, England's deadly duo and Shaheen Afridi's fielding nightmare... ODI Talking Points". *The Cricketer*. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
13. "Morgan suspended for Nottingham ODI after second minor over-rate offence whilst Bairstow also fined". International Cricket Council. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
14. "England look to clinch series at another batting paradise". International Cricket Council. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
15. "England v Pakistan: Chris Woakes takes five wickets as hosts seal 4-0 series win". BBC Sport. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
16. "England vs Pakistan, 2019: 5th ODI – Statistical Highlights". *CricTracker*. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
17. "England name preliminary ICC Men's Cricket World Cup Squad". England and Wales Cricket Board. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
18. "Pakistan name squad for ICC Men's Cricket World Cup 2019". Pakistan Cricket Board. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
19. "Shadab Khan ruled out of England series with virus". *ESPN Cricinfo*. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
20. "Yasir Shah replaces Shadab Khan for England series". *Geo.tv*. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
21. "PCB gives Shoaib Malik 10-day leave to deal with a personal issue". *Pakistan Today*. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
22. "Update on Shoaib Malik". Pakistan Cricket Board. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
23. "Hafeez to miss only T20 and 2 ODIs against England". *The Nation*. 3 May 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
24. "Foakes called up to England ODI squad in place of the injured Billings". International Cricket Council. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
25. "Alex Hales dropped by England following drugs ban". *ESPN Cricinfo*. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
26. "England squads update". England and Wales Cricket Board. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
27. "Phil Salt replaces injured Dawid Malan in England T20 squad". BBC Sport. 4 May 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
28. "Babar Azam hits century as Pakistan beat Leicestershire in third tour match". *Pakistan Today*. Retrieved 2 May 2019.
29. "England vs Pakistan, 3rd ODI: Eoin Morgan to surpass Paul Collingwood as England's most-capped player". *Cricket Country*. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
30. "Imam century powers Pakistan to 358-9 in third ODI against England". *Yahoo! Sports*. Retrieved 14 May 2019.

## InfoBox

| Pakistani cricket team in England in 2019 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |
|  | England | Pakistan |
| Dates | 27 April – 19 May 2019 | | |
| Captains | Eoin Morgan | Sarfaraz Ahmed |
| One Day International series | | | |
| Results | England won the 5-match series 4–0 | | |
| Most runs | Jason Roy (277) | Babar Azam (277) |
| Most wickets | Chris Woakes (10) | Imad Wasim (6) |
| Player of the series | Jason Roy (Eng) | | |
| Twenty20 International series | | | |
| Results | England won the 1-match series 1–0 | | |
| Most runs | Eoin Morgan (57) | Babar Azam (65) |
| Most wickets | Jofra Archer (2) | Shaheen Afridi (1)
Hasan Ali (1)
Imad Wasim (1) |


title: Ivan Šapina

abstract: Ivan Šapina is a Croatian taekwondo practitioner. He is a two-time medalist in the men's 87 kg event at the World Taekwondo Championships. He is also a two-time medalist, including gold, in his event at the European Taekwondo Championships.

text:
# Ivan Šapina

**Ivan Šapina** (born 17 November 1999) is a Croatian taekwondo practitioner. He is a two-time medalist in the men's 87 kg event at the World Taekwondo Championships. He is also a two-time medalist, including gold, in his event at the European Taekwondo Championships.

## Career

Šapina won one of the bronze medals in the men's middleweight event at the 2019 World Taekwondo Championships held in Manchester, United Kingdom. In 2021, he won one of the bronze medals in the men's 87 kg event at the European Taekwondo Championships held in Sofia, Bulgaria.

Šapina represented Croatia at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan. He competed in the men's +80 kg event where he was eliminated in his second match by Sun Hongyi of China.

Šapina won the gold medal in the men's +80 kg event at the 2022 Mediterranean Games held in Oran, Algeria. He defeated Ayoub Bassel of Morocco in his gold medal match.

He won the silver medal in the men's middleweight event at the 2023 World Taekwondo Championships held in Baku, Azerbaijan.

## Achievements

| Year | Event | Location | Place |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2019 | World Championships | Manchester, United Kingdom | 3rd |
| 2021 | European Championships | Sofia, Bulgaria | 3rd |
| 2022 | European Championships | Manchester, United Kingdom | 1st |
| | Mediterranean Games | Oran, Algeria | 1st |
| 2023 | World Championships | Baku, Azerbaijan | 2nd |

## InfoBox

Ivan Šapina
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1999-11-17) 17 November 1999 |
| Sport | |
| Country | Croatia |
| Sport | Taekwondo |
| Weight class | 87 kg |
| Medal record      Men's taekwondo   Representing   Croatia   World Championships   2023 Baku 87 kg  2019 Manchester  87 kg  Grand Prix   2022 Paris  +80 kg  2019 Sofia  +80 kg  2023 Rome  +80 kg  2023 Taiyuan  +80 kg  European Games  2023 Kraków-Małopolska 87 kg  European Championships   2022 Manchester  87 kg  2021 Sofia  87 kg  Mediterranean Games   2022 Oran  +80 kg | |


title: Padval

abstract: Padval is a subgroup of the Christian Cxatria caste, bearing the same paik surname among Mangalorean Catholics, they converted from the Jain Bunt varna that is native to Canara in Karnataka.

text:
# Padval

**Padval** is a subgroup of the Christian Cxatria caste, bearing the same *paik* surname among Mangalorean Catholics, they converted from the Jain Bunt varna that is native to Canara in Karnataka.

## History

A large number of Goan Catholics immigrated to Canara in the 16th and 17th centuries due to various causes. *Padvals* were the local Catholic converts of South Canara and did not mix with these Christian immigrants from Goa. In *The Marriage Customs of the Christians in South Canara, India* (1965), Severine Silva speculated that the *Padvals* in the Christian community were converts from Jainism.

According to Mangalorean genealogist Michael Lobo, the major *Padval* clans are the Rodrigues family of Ambepol, Bantwal, Bejai, Nod and Kadri; Tauro family of Bantwal, Kodialbail and Kankanadi; Lobo family of Bellore, Derebail and Mermajal; and D'Souza family of Bejai, Kadri and Vamanjoor.

## Citations


abstract: The Padvindstersvereniging van de Nederlandse Antillen is the national Guiding organization of the former Netherlands Antilles. It serves 461 members. Founded in 1930, the girls-only organization became an associate member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1978 and full member in 1981. It serves 461 members in 11 Guide groups, 10 Guide groups on Curaçao, 1 on Bonaire, none on Sint Maarten, Saba and Sint Eustatius.

text:
# Padvindstersvereniging van de Nederlandse Antillen

The **Padvindstersvereniging van de Nederlandse Antillen** (*Girl Guides Association of the Netherlands Antilles*) is the national Guiding organization of the former Netherlands Antilles. It serves 461 members (as of 2003). Founded in 1930, the girls-only organization became an associate member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1978 and full member in 1981.

It serves 461 members in 11 Guide groups, 10 Guide groups on Curaçao, 1 on Bonaire, none on Sint Maarten, Saba and Sint Eustatius.

## Program and ideals

The association is divided in four sections according to age;

* Elvita - ages 4 to 7
* Kabouter - ages 8 to 10
* Guia Menor - ages 11 to 14
* Guia Mayor - ages 15 to 18

The Girl Scout Motto is *Sea Prepara*, *Be Prepared* in Papiamento, and *Weest Paraat* in Dutch.

The badge of the *Padvindstersvereniging van de Nederlandse Antillen* is based on the badge of the former Dutch Girl Scouts organisation,  *Het Nederlands Padvindsters Gilde*. The badge consists of a ten-point star for the ten lines in the Girl Scouts law on a Trefoil for Girl Scouting/Guiding.

Padvindstersvereniging van de Nederlandse Antillen share their headquarters with Scouting Antiano and other former Netherlands Antillean youth organisations.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Padvindstersvereniging van de Nederlandse Antillen | |
| --- | --- |
| Girl Guides Association of the Netherlands Antilles | |
| Headquarters | Arowakenweg 41 A, Willemstad, Curaçao |
| Country | Netherlands Antilles |
| Founded | May 30, 1930 |
| Membership | 461 |
| Voorzitter | Mevr. Kyra Romer |
| Affiliation | World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts |
|  | |
| **Website**<br>http://pnagirls.tripod.com | |
|  | |
|


title: Iwona Korga

abstract: Iwona Drąg-Korga is a Polish-American historian, archivist, educator, and the current President and Executive Director of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America.

text:
# Iwona Korga

**Iwona Drąg-Korga** (born July, 1967) is a Polish-American historian, archivist, educator, and the current President and Executive Director of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America.

## Life

Iwona Drąg-Korga has lived in New York City since 1991.

She has been associated with the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America since 1995, first as a librarian and archivist, subsequently as deputy director, from 2005 as executive director, and since 2016 as president.

In 1991 she received a degree in history from the Pedagogical University of Kraków, and in 2004 a doctorate in humanities.

In 2008 she obtained a master's degree in information science and library science from Queens College, City University of New York.

Korga serves on the board of directors of the Polish & Slavic Federal Credit Union.

## Works

In 2011 Korga published *Poland Is Fighting!*, a book discussing the World War II propaganda policies of the Polish Government-in-Exile toward American society.

## Honors

In 2018 Korga received the Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland from the President of Poland during a special ceremony at the Presidential Palace in Warsaw.

She was also awarded the Medal of the Centennial of Regained Independence and the Medal of the National Education Commission.

1. "Iwona Drąg-Korga". *www.mabpz.org* (in Polish). Permanent Conference of Polish Museums, Archives and Libraries in the West. Retrieved 2019-12-03.
2. "Leadership | PSFCU". *en.psfcu.com*. Retrieved 2019-12-03.
3. "Dr Iwona Korga, prezes Instytutu Józefa Piłsudskiego w Nowym Jorku, odznaczona przez Prezydenta RP". *Radio RAMPA (Polish)*. 2018-05-03. Retrieved 2019-12-03.

## InfoBox

| Iwona Drąg-Korga | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| President of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
2016 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Alma mater | Pedagogical University of Cracow
Queens College (CUNY) |
| Awards |  |
|  | |


title: Paddy's Reward Club Chase

abstract: The Paddy's Reward Club Chase is a Grade 1 National Hunt steeplechase in Ireland. It is run at Leopardstown Racecourse in December, over a distance of about 2 miles and 1 furlong and during the race there are 11 fences to be jumped. The race was first run in 1998 as a Listed race, before being run as a Grade 1 race from 2007 onwards. The race is sponsored by Paddy Power bookmakers and has had various titles promoting Paddy Power products during its history. The 2019 race was run as the Paddy's Rewards Club "Loyalty's Dead, Live For Rewards" Chase.

text:
# Paddy's Reward Club Chase

Paddy's Reward Club Chase
| 2023 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |
| Dinoblue | Gentleman De Mee | Saint Roi |

| Previous years | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2022 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Blue Lord | Captain Guinness | Chacun Pour Soi |
| 2021 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Envoi Allen | Battleoverdoyen | Only two finished |

| 2020-2011 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Chacun Pour Soi | Notebook | Put The Kettle On |
| 2019 | | |
|  |  |  |
| A Plus Tard | Chacun Pour Soi | Ordinary World |
| 2018 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Simply Ned | Footpad | Ordinary World |
| 2017 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Simply Ned | Min | Ordinary World |
| 2016 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Douvan | Sizing John | Simply Ned |
| 2015 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Flemenstar | Simply Ned | Hidden Cyclone |
| 2014 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Twinlight | Hidden Cyclone | Simply Ned |
| 2013 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Benefficient | Hidden Cyclone | Arvika Ligeonniere |
| 2012 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Sizing Europe | Rubi Light | Edgardo Sol |
| 2011 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Big Zeb | Noble Prince | Forpadydeplasterer |

| 2010-2001 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Big Zeb | Golden Silver | Scotsirish |
| 2009 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Golden Silver | Tranquil Sea | Scotsirish |
| 2008 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Big Zeb | Watson Lake | Thyne Again |
| 2007 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Mansony | Nickname | Schindlers Hunt |
| 2006 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Nickname | Central House | Hi Cloy |
| 2005 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Hi Cloy | Fota Island | Central House |
| 2004 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Central House | Native Scout | Native Upmanship |
| 2003 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Moscow Flyer | Native Scout | Knife Edge |
| 2002 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Moscow Flyer | Knife Edge | Go Roger Go |
| 2001 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Knife Edge | Alcapone | Zourito |

| 2000-1998 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Papillon | To Your Honour | Miles Byrne |
| 1999 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Merry Gale | Ollimar | Hill Society |
| 1998 | | |
|  |  |  |
| Papillon | Klairon Davis | Opera Hat |
|  | | |

The **Paddy's Reward Club Chase** is a Grade 1 National Hunt steeplechase in Ireland. It is run at Leopardstown Racecourse in December, over a distance of about 2 miles and 1 furlong (3,420 metres) and during the race there are 11 fences to be jumped. The race was first run in 1998 as a Listed race, before being run as a Grade 1 race from 2007 onwards. The race is sponsored by Paddy Power bookmakers and has had various titles promoting Paddy Power products during its history. The 2019 race was run as the **Paddy's Rewards Club "Loyalty's Dead, Live For Rewards" Chase**.

## Records

**Most successful horse (3 wins):**

**Leading jockey (3 wins):**

**Leading trainer (6 wins):**

* Willie Mullins \- *Golden Silver (2009), Twinlight (2014), Douvan (2016), Chacun Pour Soi (2020), Blue Lord (2022), Dinoblue (2023)*

## Winners

| **Year**
 | **Winner**
 | **Age**
 | **Jockey**
 | **Trainer**
 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1998 | Papillon | 7 | Ruby Walsh | Ted Walsh |
| 1999 | Merry Gale | 11 | Paul Moloney | Jim Dreaper |
| 2000 | Papillon | 9 | Ruby Walsh | Ted Walsh |
| 2001 | Knife Edge | 6 | Tom Rudd | Michael O'Brien |
| 2002 | Moscow Flyer | 8 | Barry Geraghty | Jessica Harrington |
| 2003 | Moscow Flyer | 9 | Barry Geraghty | Jessica Harrington |
| 2004 | Central House | 7 | Paul Carberry | Dessie Hughes |
| 2005 | Hi Cloy | 8 | Andrew McNamara | Michael Hourigan |
| 2006 | Nickname | 7 | Niall Madden | Martin Brassil |
| 2007 | Mansony | 8 | Davy Russell | Arthur Moore |
| 2008 | Big Zeb | 7 | Matt O'Connor | Colm Murphy |
| 2009 | Golden Silver | 7 | Paul Townend | Willie Mullins |
| 2010 | Big Zeb | 9 | Barry Geraghty | Colm Murphy |
| 2011 | Big Zeb | 10 | Robbie Power | Colm Murphy |
| 2012 | Sizing Europe | 10 | Andrew Lynch | Henry de Bromhead |
| 2013 | Benefficient | 7 | Bryan Cooper | Tony Martin |
| 2014 | Twinlight | 7 | Paul Townend | Willie Mullins |
| 2015 | Flemenstar | 10 | Andrew Lynch | Anthony Curran |
| 2016 | Douvan | 6 | Ruby Walsh | Willie Mullins |
| 2017 | Simply Ned | 10 | Mark Walsh | Nicky Richards |
| 2018 | Simply Ned | 11 | Mark Walsh | Nicky Richards |
| 2019 | A Plus Tard | 5 | Rachael Blackmore | Henry de Bromhead |
| 2020 | Chacun Pour Soi | 8 | Paul Townend | Willie Mullins |
| 2021 | Envoi Allen | 7 | Rachael Blackmore | Henry de Bromhead |
| 2022 | Blue Lord | 7 | Daryl Jacob | Willie Mullins |
| 2023 | Dinoblue | 6 | Mark Walsh | Willie Mullins |


title: Paddy's TV Guide

abstract: Paddy's TV Guide is a British television comedy series created, written and presented by Paddy McGuinness, and broadcast on Channel 4 from 18 January to 8 March 2013. Paddy presents the show from Granada Studios in Manchester, where he guides viewers through the good, bad and ugly world of television, including some TV gold from his archives. The show also features David Plant as "Terry".

text:
# Paddy's TV Guide

***Paddy's TV Guide*** is a British television comedy series created, written and presented by Paddy McGuinness, and broadcast on Channel 4 from 18 January to 8 March 2013. Paddy presents the show from Granada Studios in Manchester, where he guides viewers through the good, bad and ugly world of television, including some TV gold from his archives. The show also features David Plant as "Terry".

## Overview

Paddy McGuinness uses his 10-foot plasma television and "Paddy Player" to offer a guide through life. It all takes place in a mock-up of his living room, where the comedy sidekick invites an audience to guffaw at a selection of archive TV and video clips, inter-cut with his scripted reactions. David Plant starred as the non speaking Terry

## List of episodes

| No. | Title | Original air date | UK viewers
(millions) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Paddy's Guide... to Health and Fitness" | 18 January 2013 (2013-01-18) | 1.38 |
| Paddy has recorded some rare gems on his 'Paddy player' examining the world of health and fitness, looking at everything from extreme personal training techniques to ways to stay fit into old age. | | | | |
| 2 | "Paddy's Guide...to Technology" | 25 January 2013 (2013-01-25) | Under 1.32 |
| In this show Paddy focuses on technology and looks at everything from some fairly unique science experiments to answering the big questions... such as can we have sex in space? | | | | |
| 3 | "Paddy's Guide...to Animals" | 1 February 2013 (2013-02-01) | Under 1.32 |
| In this edition, Paddy looks at the ways in which we interact with animals on TV - showing people who give in to their animal cravings and others who submit to their animal instincts. | | | | |
| 4 | "Paddy's Guide...to the Best of British" | 8 February 2013 (2013-02-08) | Under 1.23 |
| In this edition Paddy looks at the 'Best of British' - everything from the good old British bobby to one of Scotland's up and coming rock bands. And, as usual, he's trawled the archives to deliver some rarely seen TV gold from the past. | | | | |
| 5 | "Paddy's Guide...to Love and Romance" | 15 February 2013 (2013-02-15) | Under 1.21 |
| In this episode Paddy turns his attention to love and romance in all its guises, from 'husbands of the year' and 'wives of the week' to the man with the largest collection of love dolls. | | | | |
| 6 | "Paddy's Guide...to Talent" | 22 February 2013 (2013-02-22) | Under 1.15 |
| In this show Paddy focuses on 'talent', looking at the underrated talents of Black Lace to the very accomplished Harry and the Potters, all topped off with a 'donk'. | | | | |
| 7 | "Paddy's Guide...to Families" | 1 March 2013 (2013-03-01) | Under 1.19 |
| In the penultimate episode of this series Paddy focuses on families, looking at some of the most unique examples on TV... from naked families to glamorous grandmothers. | | | | |
| 8 | "Paddy's Guide...to Holidays" | 8 March 2013 (2013-03-08) | Under 1.18 |
| Paddy McGuinness hosts the final show in the series that guides viewers through the good, the bad and ugly of the world of television. In this show he focuses on 'holidays', looking at jaunts at home and abroad, with a rare glimpse of what celebrities get up to on their breaks. | | | | |

## Reception

The first episode brought in an average of 1.3 million viewers, but ratings slumped for the rest of the series - not a single other episode was one of Channel 4's top 30 most viewed programmes of the week.

The show was universally panned by critics. Nick Norton of "Off the Box" said "The premise of *Paddy's TV Guide*, in which the host presents a series of lamentable clips from wretched television shows, all on a set theme each episode, is of little consequence. What is remarkable is the line in the credits that tells us it was "Adapted from an original TV format by Paddy McGuiness and ITV". Which means that either ITV thought the show was too substandard even for the dreck it fills ITV2's schedule with, or Channel 4 actually paid good money to take it off its hands. Either way, shame on Channel 4. As \[Stewart\] Lee himself might say, to watch it really is the equivalent of letting somebody straddle your face and defecate directly onto your eyeballs."

Shouting at Cows's Pippa Harris said: "*Paddy's TV Guide* is the kind of curve ball Channel 4 likes to throw in amongst *Homeland* and documentaries about dolphin murder and the alarming 5 minute thought-provokers like *Random Acts*. Into the mix will suddenly appear something that seems to have burst through the wall from next door at ITV, offerings like the eejit-whisperers of *Tool Academy*, the now defunct *Love Shaft*, and the chat shows they keep trying to give to any female celebrity that can make it through a comedy panel show without clawing Jimmy Carr's face off (remember Charlotte Church's chat show? Anyone?). The rest of it drones on with a smattering of sub-Hill physical sketches and commentary that adds about as much as those dialogue boxes that pop up in front of YouTube clips. I don't think any of this is really Paddy's fault – the problem is this format has been done before and much better; he's out of his depth. If he must be on the goggle-box, someone needs to lead him back towards the neon glow of the gameshow.".

Alex Fletcher of Digital Spy was highly critical of the show: "...occasionally a TV monster does cross my path and bewitches with me its sheer awfulness. *Celebrity Wrestling*, *The Farm*, "*TOWIE* Live", *Mark Wright's Hollywood Nights* and now joining that list is *Paddy's TV Guide*. ...*Paddy's TV Guide* is a weird mix of not particularly amusing video clips and buttock-clenchingly awful editing that squeezes hysterical audience laughter on top of every inoffensive but utterly unamusing comment from the show's host." Fletcher concluded his review by saying: "Bafflingly bad, Paddy will do well to wipe this whole project from his wiki page and pretend it never happened if he knows what's best for him."

Redbrick.me's Rosie Pooley slated the programme as well. She said, "I guarantee that 10 minutes spent on youtube will bring up funnier material than Paddy manages to muster. What Channel 4 has yet to realise is that when Paddy is not swinging out the one-liners with a group of 30 girls lapping up every word, every joke he fluffs up falls flat and makes *Paddy’s TV Guide* frankly awkward to watch."

## InfoBox

| *Paddy's TV Guide* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre | Comedy |
| Created by | Paddy McGuinness |
| Written by | Paddy McGuinness
Les Keen |
| Directed by | Julia Knowles |
| Presented by | Paddy McGuinness |
| Starring | Paddy McGuinness\</\>David Plant |
| Country of origin | United Kingdom |
| Original language | English |
| No. of series | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 8 (list of episodes) |
| Production | |
| Executive producers | Michael Kelpie
Phil Mount |
| Producer | Kate Edmunds |
| Production location | Granada Studios |
| Editors | Michael Marden
Matthew Bates |
| Running time | 50mins (inc. adverts) |
| Production company | ITV Studios |
| Original release | |
| Network | Channel 4 |
| Release | 18 January (2013-01-18)
8 March 2013 (2013-03-08) |


abstract: Ivory Coast competed at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics in London, Great Britain, from 4–13 August 2017.

text:
# Ivory Coast at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics

**Ivory Coast** competed at the **2017 World Championships in Athletics** in London, Great Britain, from 4–13 August 2017.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Event | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Silver | Marie-Josée Ta Lou | Women's 100 metres | August 6 |
| Silver | Marie-Josée Ta Lou | Women's 200 metres | August 11 |

## Results

(q – qualified, NM – no mark, SB – season best)

### Men

Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Ben Youssef Meïté | 100 metres | 10.02 | 3 **Q** | 10.12 | 10 | Did not advance | |
| Hua Wilfried Koffi | 200 metres | 20.49 | 16 **q** | 20.80 | 23 | Did not advance | |

### Women

Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Murielle Ahouré | 100 metres | 11.00 | 2 **Q** | 10.99 | 6 **Q** | 10.98 | 4 |
| **Marie-Josée Ta Lou** | | 11.04 | 3 **Q** | 10.87 | 2 **Q** | 10.86 **=PB** |  |
| | 200 metres | 22.70 | 3 **Q** | 22.50 | 3 **Q** | 22.08 **NR** |  |

## InfoBox

| Ivory Coast at the
2017 World Championships in Athletics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| WA code | CIV |
| in London | |
| Competitors | 4 |
| Medals
Ranked 27th | Gold 0 Silver 2 Bronze 0 Total 2 |
| World Championships in Athletics appearances | |
|  | |
|


title: Izod impact strength test

abstract: The Izod impact strength test is an ASTM standard method of determining the impact resistance of materials. A pivoting arm is raised to a specific height and then released. The arm swings down hitting a notched sample, breaking the specimen. The energy absorbed by the sample is calculated from the height the arm swings to after hitting the sample. A notched sample is generally used to determine impact energy and notch sensitivity. The test is similar to the Charpy impact test but uses a different arrangement of the specimen under test. The Izod impact test differs from the Charpy impact test in that the sample is held in a cantilevered beam configuration as opposed to a three-point bending configuration. The test is named after the English engineer Edwin Gilbert Izod (1876–1946), who described it in his 1903 address to the British Association, subsequently published in Engineering.

text:
# Izod impact strength test

The **Izod impact strength test** is an ASTM standard method of determining the impact resistance of materials. A pivoting arm is raised to a specific height (constant potential energy) and then released. The arm swings down hitting a notched sample, breaking the specimen. The energy absorbed by the sample is calculated from the height the arm swings to after hitting the sample. A notched sample is generally used to determine impact energy and notch sensitivity.

The test is similar to the Charpy impact test but uses a different arrangement of the specimen under test. The Izod impact test differs from the Charpy impact test in that the sample is held in a cantilevered beam configuration as opposed to a three-point bending configuration.

The test is named after the English engineer Edwin Gilbert Izod (1876–1946), who described it in his 1903 address to the British Association, subsequently published in *Engineering*.

## The need for impact tests

Impact, by definition, is a large force applied for a very short time, resulting in a sudden transfer of momentum and energy, and its effect is different when the same amount of energy is transferred more gradually. Everyday engineering structures are subjected to it and may develop cracks that, over time, propagate to a point where catastrophic failure would result.

Impact tests are used in comparing the shear fracture toughness of various materials under the same test conditions, or of one material versus temperature to determine its ductile-to-brittle transition temperature where a steep descent in impact strength with decreasing temperature is observed.

A material's toughness is a factor of its ability to absorb energy during relatively slow plastic deformation, though the rate at which strain occurs matters. Brittle materials have low toughness as a result of the small amount of plastic deformation they can endure at any rate. However, ductile materials may behave like brittle materials under high-energy impact, hence the need for this kind of test.

The test conditions are governed by many variables, most importantly:

* the dimensions of the usually rectangular cross section of the sample below the notch;
* the height of the hammer at the start position, determining its velocity at impact;
* the mass of the hammer which together with the velocity determines its kinetic energy at impact;
* the sharpness, or tip curvature, of the notch;
* the temperature of the sample.

## ASTM test for plastics

The ASTM International standard for Izod Impact testing of plastics is ASTM D256. The results are expressed in energy lost per unit of thickness (such as ft·lb/in or J/cm) at the notch. Alternatively, the results may be reported as energy lost per unit cross-sectional area at the notch (J/m2 or ft·lb/in2). In Europe, ISO 180 methods are used and results are based only on the cross-sectional area at the notch (J/m2). The dimensions of a standard specimen for ASTM D256 are 63.5 × 12.7 × 3.2 mm (2.5 × 0.5 × 0.125 in). The most common specimen thickness is 3.2 mm (0.13 in), but the width can vary between 3.0 and 12.7 mm (0.12 and 0.50 in).

## Further reading

* BS EN ISO 180:2001 - "Plastics. Determination of Izod impact strength"
* BS EN ISO 13802:2006 - "Plastics. Verification of pendulum impact-testing machines. Charpy, Izod and tensile impact-testing"


title: Italian corvette San Giovanni

abstract: San Giovanni was a sail corvette built for the Royal Sardinian Navy in the late 1840s. In 1861, she was converted into a screw corvette by which time the unification of Italy had been largely completed. As a result, she served with the Italian Regia Marina when the work on the ship was finished. She was present for the Battle of Lissa in 1866 during the Third Italian War of Independence, though she did not engage the Austrian Navy in the battle. She was eventually laid up in 1875 and broken up for scrap in 1878.

text:
# Italian corvette San Giovanni

***San Giovanni*** was a sail corvette built for the Royal Sardinian Navy in the late 1840s. In 1861, she was converted into a screw corvette by which time the unification of Italy had been largely completed. As a result, she served with the Italian *Regia Marina* when the work on the ship was finished. She was present for the Battle of Lissa in 1866 during the Third Italian War of Independence, though she did not engage the Austrian Navy in the battle. She was eventually laid up in 1875 and broken up for scrap in 1878.

## Design

*San Giovanni* was 53 m (174 ft) long overall, with a beam of 12.8 m (42 ft) and a draft of 5.8 m (19 ft). She had a displacement of 1,752 long tons (1,780 ). Her wooden hull was sheathed with copper to protect it from shipworm and biofouling. The ship had a crew that varied over the course of her career from 326 to 345 officers and enlisted sailors.

She was fitted with a three masted full-ship rig. The ship was converted in 1861–1862 with a single marine steam engine that was supplied with a single boiler. It drove a screw propeller and was rated to produce a top speed of 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph), from 220 metric horsepower (217 ihp). The ship could carry up to 148 long tons (150 t), which enabled her to steam for 1,515 nautical miles (2,806 km; 1,743 mi) at 9 knots. As refitted with steam propulsion, she retained the sailing rig for auxiliary use.

The ship's armament varied over the course of her career. As completed, she was armed with a battery of twenty 16 cm (6.3 in) guns; fourteen of these were smoothbore guns in her broadside battery deck, eight guns per side. The remainder were rifled howitzers mounted on her upper deck. She carried four 8 cm (3.1 in) field guns that could be sent ashore with a landing party. A refit in 1870 saw her armament reduced to eight 16 cm smoothbore guns in the battery, though she retained the upper deck howitzers.

## Service history

The keel for *San Giovanni* was laid down in 1848 at the Cantiere della Foce shipyard in Genoa for the Royal Sardinian Navy. Her completed hull was launched the following year. In September 1850, *San Giovanni* sailed to Tunis in Ottoman Tunisia, arriving there on the 29th.

*San Giovanni* was sent to Toulon, France, to be converted into a screw-powered steam corvette. By the time she was launched in September 1861, the Italian states had unified as the Kingdom of Italy. Work on the ship continued into 1862.

### Third Italian War of Independence

In June 1866, Italy declared war on Austria, as part of the Third Italian War of Independence, which was fought concurrently with the Austro-Prussian War. The Italian fleet commander, Admiral Carlo Pellion di Persano, initially adopted a cautious course of action; he was unwilling to risk battle with the Austrian Navy, despite the fact that the Austrian fleet was much weaker than his own. Persano claimed he was simply waiting on the ironclad ram *Affondatore*, *en route* from Britain, but his inaction weakened morale in the fleet, with many of his subordinates openly accusing him of cowardice.

Rear Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff brought the Austrian fleet to Ancona on June 27, in attempt to draw out the Italians. At the time, many of the Italian ships were in disarray; many ships were experiencing various difficulties with their engines or armament. Persano held a council of war aboard the ironclad *Principe di Carignano* to determine whether he should sortie to engage Tegetthoff, but by that time, the Austrians had withdrawn, making the decision moot. The Minister of the Navy, Agostino Depretis, urged Persano to act and suggested the island of Lissa, to restore Italian confidence after their defeat at the Battle of Custoza the previous month. On 7 July, Persano took the fleet out of Ancona and conducted a sweep into the Adriatic, but encountered no Austrian ships and returned on the 13th.

*San Giovanni* took part in the Lissa campaign in July 1866 during the Third Italian War of Independence. There, she served in the Second Squadron under Admiral Giovan Battista Albini. Albini was responsible for transporting and landing the Italian army forces that were to seize the island of Lissa though he failed to follow his orders. After the initial attack, Albini held a council of war aboard his flagship that determined further attempts to land troops on the island would be unsuccessful and would only incur further damage to his ships. He sent *San Giovanni* to inform Persano of his decision to cancel further landing attempts. In the Battle of Lissa that followed the abortive landing operation, Albini failed to support the ironclad fleet under Persano, and as a result, *San Giovanni* saw no action during the battle. Albini was sacked after the battle for his timidity and failure to follow orders.

Later in the 1860s, *San Giovanni* was used as a stationary training ship for ship's boys. The navy requested funds to make repairs to the vessel in 1870, but the work was not done at that time. As of October 1871, she was stationed in Venice along with a number of other cruising vessels, including the screw corvette *Magenta*. Repairs had still not been carried out by 1874, and her condition had deteriorated to the point that it was no longer considered worthwhile to repair her. The ship was laid up in 1875, and by 1878, the *Regia Marina* had broken her up for scrap.

* *Camera dei Deputati: Relazione della Commissione General del Bilancio* \[*Chamber of Deputies: Report of the General Budget Committee*\] (in Italian). 1875.
* Dupont, Paul, ed. (1872). "Notes sur La Marine Et Les Ports Militaires de L'Italie" \[Notes on the Navy and Military Ports of Italy\]. *La Revue Maritime et Coloniale* \[*The Naval and Colonial Review*\] (in French). **XXXII**. Paris: Imprimerie Administrative de Paul Dupont: 415–430.
* Fraccaroli, Aldo (1979). "Italy". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). *Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905*. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 334–359. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
* Greene, Jack; Massignani, Alessandro (1998). *Ironclads at War: The Origin and Development of the Armored Warship, 1854–1891*. Pennsylvania: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-938289-58-6.
* "Italien" \[Italy\]. *Allgemeine Zeitung München* (in German). No. 306. 2 November 1850. p. 4888.
* King, James Wilson (1878). *Report of Chief Engineer J. W. King, United States Navy: On European Ships of War and Their Armament, Naval Administration and Economy, Marine Constructions, Torpedo-Warfare, Dock-Yards, Etc. Etc*. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. OCLC 464505308.
* "Metropolitan News". *The Illustrated London News*. Vol. XXXIX, no. 1108. London. 14 September 1861. p. 265.
* *Österreichs Kämpfe im Jahre 1866: Fünfter Band* \[*Austria's Struggles in Year 1866: Volume 5*\]. Vienna: Carl Gerold's Sohn. 1869.
* "San Giovanni: Corvetta di I rango ad elica" \[San Giovanni: 1st Rank Screw Corvette\]. *marina.difesa.it* (in Italian). Retrieved 5 August 2023.
* Sokol, Anthony (1968). *The Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian Navy*. Annapolis: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 978-0-87021-292-5.
* Sondhaus, Lawrence (1994). *The Naval Policy of Austria-Hungary, 1867–1918*. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press. ISBN 978-1-55753-034-9.
* Wilson, Herbert Wrigley (1896). *Ironclads in Action: A Sketch of Naval Warfare from 1855 to 1895*. London: S. Low, Marston and Company. OCLC 1111061.

## InfoBox

| *San Giovanni* | |
| --- | --- |
| Class overview | |
| Name | *San Giovanni* |
| Operators |  |
| Preceded by | None |
| Succeeded by | *Magenta* |
| Completed | 1 |
| History | |
| Builder | Cantiere della Foce |
| Laid down | 1848 |
| Launched | 1849 |
| Fate | Broken up, 1878 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Corvette |
| Displacement | 1,752 long tons (1,780 ) |
| Length | 53 m (174 ft) loa |
| Beam | 12.8 m (42 ft) |
| Draft | 5.8 m (19 ft) |
| Propulsion | Full ship rig |
| Complement | 345 |
| Armament | 32 × guns |
| General characteristics (1862 refit) | |
| Type | Screw corvette |
| Installed power |  |
| Propulsion |  |
| Speed | 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph) |
| Range | 1,515 nautical miles (2,806 km; 1,743 mi) at 9 kn |


title: Palaram

abstract: Palaram is a village and a Gram panchayat of Ananthagiri mandal, Suryapet district, in Telangana state.

text:
# Palaram

**Palaram** is a village and a Gram panchayat of Ananthagiri mandal, Suryapet district, in Telangana state.

## InfoBox

| Palaram | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| PalaramLocation in Telangana, IndiaPalaramPalaram (India) | |
| Coordinates: 17°03′36″N 79°18′00″E / 17.0600°N 79.3°E / 17.0600; 79.3 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Telangana |
| District | Suryapet |
| Elevation | 17.0700 m (56.0039 ft) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 508001 |
| Telephone code | 08682 |
| Vehicle registration | TS 29 |
| Website | telangana.gov.in |


title: Iwan Raikes

abstract: Sir Iwan Geoffrey Raikes was a former Royal Navy officer who became Naval Secretary.

text:
# Iwan Raikes

**Sir Iwan Geoffrey Raikes** (21 April 1921 – 27 December 2011) was a former Royal Navy officer who became Naval Secretary.

Born the son of Admiral Sir Robert Raikes and educated at the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, Raikes joined the Royal Navy in 1935 and decided to specialise in submarines. He served in World War II and commanded the submarines HMS *H43* and HMS *Varne*.

After the War he commanded the submarines HMS *Virtue*, HMS *Talent* and HMS *Aeneas* and then the frigate HMS *Loch Insh*. He was appointed deputy director of Undersurface Warfare in 1962, Director of Plans and Operations on the staff of Commander-in-Chief, Far East in 1965 and Captain of the destroyer HMS *Kent* in 1968. Promoted to rear-admiral, he went on to be Naval Secretary in 1970; after being promoted to vice-admiral he became Flag Officer First Flotilla in 1973 and Flag Officer Submarines and Commander of Submarines, Eastern Atlantic Area in 1974 before retiring in January 1977.

In retirement he became Chairman of the United Usk Fishermen's Association as well as Deputy Lieutenant of Powys. He died on 27 December 2011.

## Family

In 1947 he married (Cecilia) Primrose Hunt; they have one son and one daughter. Lady Raikes died in 2022.

## InfoBox

| Vice Admiral
Sir Iwan Raikes
KCB CBE DSC DL | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1921-04-21)21 April 1921 |
| Died | 27 December 2011(2011-12-27) (aged 90) |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | Royal Navy |
| Years of service | 1935–1977 |
| Rank | Vice Admiral |
| Commands | HMS *H43*
HMS *Varne*
HMS *Virtue*
HMS *Talent*
HMS *Aeneas*
HMS *Loch Insh*
HMS *Kent* |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards | Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Distinguished Service Cross |


title: Pahvant Butte

abstract: Pahvant Butte is a tuff cone volcano in the west-central portion of Utah, United States.

text:
# Pahvant Butte

**Pahvant Butte** (also **Pavant Butte**) is a tuff cone volcano in the west-central portion of Utah, United States.

## Description

The butte, sometimes called "Sugarloaf Mountain" by locals, is located in the Sevier Desert in the Pahvant Valley 15.7 miles (25.3 km) south of Delta and five miles east of Clear Lake and the Clear Lake Wildlife Management Area.

The butte has two peaks. The north peak has an elevation of 5,751 ft (1,753 m) and the south peak reaches 5,486 ft (1,672 m). The peaks are about 1000 feet above the surrounding valley floor. The butte is about 1.5 mi (2.4 km) in diameter at the base.

It formed in an active area of volcanism on top of pahoehoe and aa lavas. Originally a subaqueous volcano, it erupted out of the floor of Lake Bonneville approximately 15,500 years ago.

## Unusual Structure

Along the southeast rim of the inner depression of the volcano is an unfinished structure consisting of a concrete building embedded in the hill surrounded by two rings of concrete obelisks. The structure was apparently begun by a man named A. H. Hood, with the intention of generating wind power, in 1923.

## Geography and geology

Part of the Black Rock Desert volcanic field of the Pleistocene-Holocene age, Pahvant Butte formed above older pahoehoe and aa lavas of the Pahvant field. The volcano was originally a subaqueous volcano formed under Lake Bonneville by a large eruption about 15,500 years ago. The water depth at the time of eruption is estimated to have been 85 m (279 ft). This eruptive activity probably ejected steam, ash, and other materials out of the lake, enveloping the surrounding area with ash and spawning large waves in the lake. The eruption released particles of basaltic lava into the air, which fell back to form tuff.

A raised beach, or lacustrine terrace, formed by waves surrounds most of the volcano's lower rock. A vertical cliff, known as the Lace Curtain, is present on the north flank of the volcano, formed as a result of storm wave action. This name originated from the distinct white, lace-like pattern seen on the cliff face, caused by partial cementation of the tuff by minerals deposited by groundwater.

Pahvant Butte was overlapped by the lava flows of the Ice Springs eruption between 1140 and 1440 AD.

## Morphology

The Pahvant Butte volcano consists of an asymmetrical tuff cone with a breach on its southwestern side  and a platform area that extends to the southeast of the cone, formed of beds of tephra dipping steeply away from the cone, and partly concealing a mound of near horizontally-bedded sideromelane tephra beneath.

## History of development

The mound of sub-horizontally bedded tephra represents the first stage of the eruption. The ash grains are variably vesiculated, a texture typical of material erupted during phreatomagmatic activity, which involves direct interaction between magma and water. The layers of ash and lapilli, incorporating some clasts of deformed lake sediments, were deposited by sediment gravity flows. Some large ejected blocks have bedding sags beneath them, indicating a ballistic emplacement. The uppermost part of the mound consists of moderately vesicular ash with lapilli, passing up into ripple-marked beds at the base of the overlying cone deposits. These beds are interpreted to represent the result of wave reworking.

The cone consists of steeply dipping layers of mainly palagonite, formed by the alteration of the original basaltic glass. The cone is typical of tuff cones, which form during eruptions in the presence of standing water or abundant groundwater. This part of the volcano was constructed sub-aerially.

The platform consists of deposits formed by the erosion of the cone. These built out into the lake as a prograding delta or beach, forming large cross bedding foresets.

Media related to Pahvant Butte at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Pahvant Butte | |
| --- | --- |
| Pahvant Butte, 2021 | |
| Geography | |
| Pahvant Butte | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Utah |
| Region | Black Rock Desert volcanic field |
| District | Millard County |
| Range coordinates | 39°07′54″N 112°33′08″W / 39.13167°N 112.55222°W / 39.13167; -112.55222 |
| Topo map | USGS Pahvant Butte North, Utah and Pahvant Butte South, Utah |


title: Palaeosiamoglaris

abstract: Palaeosiamoglaris is a genus of fossil psocids in the family Prionoglarididae, found in mesozoic amber.

text:
# Palaeosiamoglaris

***Palaeosiamoglaris*** is a genus of fossil psocids in the family Prionoglarididae, found in mesozoic amber.

## InfoBox

| *Palaeosiamoglaris* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Psocodea |
| Family: | Prionoglarididae |
| Genus: | *Palaeosiamoglaris*<br>Azar, Huang & Nel, 2017 |
|


title: Palaeoscolex

abstract: Palaeoscolex is the type genus of the Palaeoscolecid worms, and served as a wastebasket taxon. until its taxonomy was revised and many of its taxa assigned to Wronascolex. The type and only unequivocal species is P. piscatorum, known from mid-trunk segments.

text:
# Palaeoscolex

***Palaeoscolex*** is the type genus of the Palaeoscolecid worms, and served as a wastebasket taxon. until its taxonomy was revised and many of its taxa assigned to *Wronascolex*.

The type and only unequivocal species is *P. piscatorum*, known from mid-trunk segments.

## InfoBox

| *Palaeoscolex* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Class: | Palaeoscolecida |
| Family: | Palaeoscolecidae |
| Genus: | *Palaeoscolex* |
|


title: Palaeosia

abstract: Palaeosia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1900. Its only species, Palaeosia bicosta, the two-ribbed arctiid or two-ribbed footman, was first described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in south-eastern Australia. The wingspan is about 30 mm. The larvae feed on lichen.

text:
# Palaeosia

***Palaeosia*** is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1900. Its only species, ***Palaeosia bicosta***, the **two-ribbed arctiid** or **two-ribbed footman**, was first described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in south-eastern Australia.

The wingspan is about 30 mm.

The larvae feed on lichen.

## Former species

## InfoBox

| *Palaeosia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| In Australia | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Palaeosia*
Hampson, 1900 |
| Species: | ***P. bicosta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Palaeosia bicosta***
Walker, 1854 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Lithosia fraterna* | |


title: J. H. Shennan

abstract: Joseph Hugh Shennan was a British historian who was Professor of European Studies (1974–98) and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (1993–98) at the University of Lancaster. One of the pioneers in European Studies, his research focussed primarily on the history of France during the Ancien Régime as well as on the history of early modern Europe.

text:
# J. H. Shennan

**Joseph Hugh Shennan** FRHistS (13 March 1933 – 25 May 2015) was a British historian who was Professor of European Studies (1974–98) and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (1993–98) at the University of Lancaster. One of the pioneers in European Studies, his research focussed primarily on the history of France during the Ancien Régime as well as on the history of early modern Europe.

## Life

Shennan was born in 1933 to primary school teachers Hugh and Mary Shennan. He studied History at the University of Liverpool where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1955. From 1955 to 1957 he did his National Service. In 1957, he continued his studies at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge where he received his doctorate in 1960. He taught as Assistant Lecturer and later as Lecturer in History at the University of Liverpool.

From 1965, he was employed at the University of Lancaster and played an important role in the establishment of the History Department. Over the years he taught as a Senior Lecturer and Reader. In the 1970s he was one of the pioneers of European Studies. In 1971, he and like-minded people founded the journal *European Studies Review* which he served as editor until 1979. The journal later became the *European History Quarterly*.

In 1974, he was appointed Professor of European Studies. As such, he worked on building Lancaster's interdisciplinary School of European Studies and was its first director. From 1979 to 1984, he was Head of the History Department. During this time, he founded the *Lancaster Pamphlets*, edited by the History Department, to which he also contributed three titles, *France before the Revolution* (1983), *Louis XIV* (1986) and *International Relations in Europe, 1689–1789* (1995). In 1985, he was appointed provisional Chancellor and in 1993 he was appointed Deputy Vice-Chancellor of the university. In 1998, he retired.

## Publications

* Shennan, J. H. (1968). *The Parlement of Paris*. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780750918305.
* Shennan, J. H. (1969). *Government and Society in France, 1461–1661*. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd. ISBN 9781000395808.
* Shennan, J. H. (1974). *The Origins of the Modern European State, 1450–1725*. London: Hutchinson. ISBN 9780091190309.
* Shennan, J. H. (1979). *Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France, 1715–1723*. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0500870099.
* Shennan, J. H. (1983). *France before the Revolution*. Lancaster Pamphlets (Rev. 1995 ed.). London: Methuen. ISBN 9780415119450.
* Shennan, J. H. (1986). *Liberty and Order in Early Modern Europe: The Subject and the State, 1650–1800*. London: Longman. ISBN 9780582494640.
* Shennan, J. H. (1986). *Louis XIV*. Lancaster Pamphlets (Rev. 1993 ed.). London: Methuen. ISBN 9780415090681.
* Shennan, J. H. (1995). *International Relations in Europe, 1689–1789*. Lancaster Pamphlets. London: Routledge. ISBN 9780415077804.
* Shennan, J. H. (2007). *The Bourbons: The History of a Dynasty*. London: Hambledon Continuum. ISBN 9781852855239.

## InfoBox

| J. H. ShennanFRHistS | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Deputy Vice-Chancellor
of the University of Lancaster | |
| **In office**
1993–1998 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Joseph Hugh Shennan
(1933-03-13)13 March 1933
Liverpool, Lancashire |
| Died | 25 May 2015(2015-05-25) (aged 82) |
| Nationality | British |
| Profession | Historian |
|  | |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater |  |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | History |
| Institutions |  |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Painted delma

abstract: The painted delma is a species of lizard in the Pygopodidae family endemic to Australia.

text:
# Painted delma

The **painted delma** (***Delma petersoni***) is a species of lizard in the Pygopodidae family endemic to Australia.

## InfoBox

| Painted delma | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | Pygopodidae |
| Genus: | *Delma* |
| Species: | ***D. petersoni*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Delma petersoni***
Shea, 1991 | |
|
|  | |


title: J. Shimon & J. Lindemann

abstract: John Shimon and Julie Lindemann are American artists who worked together as the collaborative duo J. Shimon & J. Lindemann. Shimon continues to work and teach at Lawrence University. They were born in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, and are best known for their photographs about human existence in the Midwest made using antiquarian photographic processes.

text:
# J. Shimon & J. Lindemann

**John Shimon** (born July 10, 1961) and **Julie Lindemann** (September 14, 1957 – August 25, 2015) are American artists who worked together as the collaborative duo **J. Shimon & J. Lindemann.** Shimon continues to work and teach at Lawrence University. They were born in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, and are best known for their photographs about human existence in the Midwest made using antiquarian photographic processes.

## Early lives and education

Shimon and Lindemann grew up in rural Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, and met as undergraduates at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (1979–1983). Shimon majored in art and Lindemann in journalism. Shimon and Lindemann's first collaborative project, Hollywood Autopsy, was a band formed during college with Bob Wasserman and Cyndee Baudhuin. Performing mainly at nightclubs in Madison, Hollywood Autopsy played shows with touring bands such as The Replacements, Killdozer, Hüsker Dü, , and The Gun Club. They recorded a self-titled LP record in 1983 and then disbanded. Butch Vig at Smart Studios recorded the vocals and completed the mixdown. Little Big Chief Records reissued the LP in 2014 due to growing public interest in private press records.

## Early projects (1983-1988)

Shimon and Lindemann moved to Jersey City Heights, New Jersey in 1983 and spent their free time exploring New York City art museums and galleries, bookstores, and the East Village art scene. In 1984, they relocated to Milwaukee, Wisconsin to pursue photography and writing projects about their native Wisconsin. Their first collaborative photography project as **J. Shimon & J. Lindemann** was *St. Nazianz.* It focused on prominent citizens of the rural village of St. Nazianz, Wisconsin near where Lindemann grew up. Black-and-white Rolleiflex portraits and 4×5 view camera architectural studies from the series, along with artifacts collected from the subjects, were installed at the Madison Museum of Contemporary Art in 1988. Subsequent photography projects included *The Elders* (1988) and *Salon Portraits* (1989) consisting of studio and on-site portraits of creative types and cultural leaders in Milwaukee. They frequently contributed photo essays to Milwaukee-based *Art Muscle Magazine* (1987-1994) and also *Milwaukee Magazine* (1987-1993) where they collaborated with writer Jim Romensko. Based on these projects, J. Shimon & J. Lindemann were admitted to a master’s program at Illinois State University in Normal, Illinois where they worked with the photographer Rhondal McKinney and contributed to the university’s *Rural Documentary Photography Project* (1988-1989).

## Manitowoc years (1989-2011)

Upon completing their master’s degrees, J. Shimon & J. Lindemann returned to Manitowoc, Wisconsin in 1989 where they established their studio in a 19th-century warehouse/storefront building near Lake Michigan. This studio and living space, with a downtown location, became the focus of their lives and art practice. Using the storefront to show contemporary art, they operated Neo-Post-Now Gallery (1992-1997) featuring artists from the region and the rest of the country . The large warehouse portion served as a formal studio space, office, and living area. They photographed Manitowoc teenagers interested in punk rock and art and teenagers living on farms in nearby rural areas. They used 8×10 Deardorff and 12×20 Banquet view cameras. These photographs were exhibited as *Midwestern Rebellion* (1994), *Town and County* (1997), and *Pictures of Non-Famous People* (1998).

Throughout the 1990s, J. Shimon & J. Lindemann did editorial portraiture on assignment for *Fortune,* *The New York Times Magazine,* *New York,* and *People*. They contributed cover and interior photographs for books by Michael Perry including his memoirs *Population 485*, *Coop*, and *Visiting Tom*. In 2004, their book *Season’s Gleamings: The Art of the Aluminum Christmas Tree* renewed public appreciation for the Aluminum Christmas trees mass-produced in Manitowoc in the early 1960s.

In 2000, they set about making an experimental documentary film, exhibition, and book, *One Million Years is Like Three Seconds*, using a Bolex and outdated gelatin silver paper to examine how the technological changes of the 20th century affected four Wisconsin men who lived through them. A 2008 exhibition and catalog, *Unmasked & Anonymous: Shimon & Lindemann Consider Portraiture,* at the Milwaukee Art Museum juxtaposed Shimon and Lindemann's portraits of Wisconsin people with portraits from the Museum's collection curated in collaboration with Lisa Hostetler. Their interest in collecting and studying real photo postcards led them to use vintage postcard photographic equipment to make studio portraits resulting in the *Real Photo Postcard Survey* exhibition, blog, and catalog presented at the Portrait Society Gallery, Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 2010. A related series of landscapes and architectural studies formed *The Wisconsin Project* with a blog where they post “found” and “made” postcard images.

## Academic career

J. Shimon & J. Lindemann began teaching photography courses collaboratively at the Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design in 1989. They also taught at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, The School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and Lawrence University where they were granted tenure in 2008. They received the Lawrence University *Excellence in Creative Activity Award* in 2012.

## Later projects (2012-present)

J. Shimon & J. Lindemann's subject matter continued to center on people and places in Wisconsin, obsolete technologies, and vernacular photographic forms. In 2011, they moved their art practice from Manitowoc to Appleton, Wisconsin. They produced an exhibition called *Decay Utopia Decay* installed at the Portrait Society Gallery in 2012 featuring self-portraits made at their farm property with a 30×36 large format camera built by Shimon. Just days before the exhibition opening, Lindemann was diagnosed with metastatic cancer. Despite this, they completed work on *We Go From Where we Know*, an exhibition consisting of photographs, paintings, sculpture, and found objects, at the John Michael Kohler Arts Center, Sheboygan, Wisconsin in 2013. A Wisconsin-made 1949 Nash Motors Ambassador filled with hand cast concrete corncobs and an installation of hundreds of vintage postcards of Wisconsin were key elements. A large retrospective showed at the Museum of Wisconsin Art in early 2015.

## J. Shimon & J. Lindemann Archive Trust

Since 2012, they have been working to organize the *J. Shimon & J. Lindemann Archive Trust.* The archive consists of approximately 65,000 negatives and transparencies and 5,500 signed prints made by J. Shimon & J. Lindemann using analog photographic processes including ambrotype, Cibachrome, cyanotype, gelatin silver, gum bichromate, platinum/palladium, and tintype.

## Awards

* *Excellence in Creative Activity Award* in 2012, Lawrence University.
* *Wisconsin Artists of the Year Award 2014,* *Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.*

## Publications

* *Season’s Gleamings: The Art of the Aluminum Christmas Tree* (afterword by Tom Vanderbilt), Melcher Media, NY (2004)
* *Unmasked & Anonymous: Shimon & Lindemann Consider Portraiture* (introduction by Lisa Hostetler), Milwaukee Art Museum, Milwaukee, WI (2008)
* *Real Photo Postcard Survey Project* (essay by Debra Brehmer), Portrait Society Gallery, Milwaukee, WI (2010)
* *Visiting Tom* by Michael Perry, Harper Collins, NY (2012)
* *There's a Place* (essays by Debra Brehmer, Rachele Krivichi, Dan Leers, Graeme Reid), Museum of Wisconsin Art, WI (2015)

1. Schumacher, Mary Louise. “Rural Route 2,” *The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel,* October 6, 2002, pg. 4E.
2. Schumacher, Mary Louise. “Rural Route 2,” *The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel,* October 6, 2002, pg. 4E.
3. Vogel, Frank. "X proves they know their ABCs," *The Daily Cardinal,* August 23, 1982, pg. 10.
4. Jeffries, Mark. "Gun Club backfires," *The Daily Cardinal,* December 3, 1982, pg. 6.
5. Yohannan, Tim. "Hollywood Autopsy LP Review," *Maximum Rock and Roll* #12, March 1984, unpaginated.
6. Davis, Phil. "Hollywood Autopsy For the Record," *The Isthmus,* February 24, 1984, pg. 29.
7. Carl & David. "Interview with Brock Kappers," *Free Form Freakout Foxy Podcast #41,* broadcast August 1, 2014, accessed October 14, 2014.
8. Lewis, Frank. “Photographers Focus on Folks,” *Milwaukee Sentinel*, January 15, 1988, pg. 2.
9. Bamberger, Tom. “The Elders,” *Art Muscle*, Milwaukee, WI, September 1988, pg.10.
10. Worman, Jeff. “The F Stops Here,” *Shepherd Express*, Milwaukee, WI, June 22, 1989, pg. 1, 18-19.
11. Felschman, Jeff. “Artists at Home,” *Chicago Reader*, May 22, 1992, pg. 12-13, 18, 21.
12. Felschman, Jeff. “Artists at Home,” *Chicago Reader*, May 22, 1992, pg. 12-13, 18, 21.
13. Paine, Janice. “Home Grown Rebels,” *View Camera*, Sacramento, CA, March/April 1996, pg. 34-39.
14. Rexer, Lyle. *Photography’s Antiquarian Avant-Garde,* Harry Abrams, 2002, pg. 57.
15. Auer, James. “Out of the Darkroom,” *The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel*, November 6, 1994, pg. E1, E4.
16. Rhem, James. “Pictures of Non-Famous People,” *New Art Examiner,* Chicago, IL, February 1998, pg. 60.
17. Perry, Michael. “Authentically Alternative,” *No Depression*, Nashville, TN, July/August 2002, pg. 114.
18. Perry, Michael. “Postscript: About the Photographers,” *Off Main Street,* Harper Collins, 2005, pg. 278-281.
19. McKee, Bradford. "Dumpster, Spare That Tree", *The New York Times*, November 25, 2004, accessed October 13, 2014.
20. Watson, Sam. “Unmasked and Anonymous,” *Art Papers*, Atlanta, Georgia, January/February 2009, pg. 59.
21. Schumacher, Mary Louise. “Postcard Photos Take Portraits Back in Time,” *The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel,* April 4, 2010, accessed October 14, 2014.
22. Murray, Patty. “Wisconsin in Postcards,” *Wisconsin Life,* Wisconsin Public Radio, broadcast July 30, 2014, accessed October 14, 2014.
23. Lawrence University, "Excellence in Creative Activity Award Citation for Julie Lindemann and John Shimon" (2012). *Faculty Award Citations.* Paper 166, accessed October 14, 2014.
24. Camper, Fred. “Deep, Dark and Around,” *Chicago Reader*, January 7, 2005, Section 2, pg. 22.
25. Schumacher, Mary Louise. “Wisconsin Grown and Raised,” *The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel*, February 16, 2014, accessed October 13, 2014.
26. Rexer, Lyle. “We Go From Where We Know,” *Photograph Magazine*, March/April 2014, accessed October 13, 2014.
27. Schumacher, Mary Louise. “Shimon and Lindemann retrospective a good way to begin considering duo's legacy,” *The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel*, April 17, 2015, accessed April 19, 2015.
28. Lawrence University, "Excellence in Creative Activity Award Citation for Julie Lindemann and John Shimon" (2012). *Faculty Award Citations.* Paper 166, accessed October 14, 2014.
29. Schumacher, Mary Louise."The Year in art and architecture", The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, December 26, 2014, accessed January 8, 2015.


title: Izzat (given name)

abstract:
Izzat is an Arabic male given name. Notable people with that name include:
  - Izzat Darwaza, Palestinian politician and historian
  - Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri, Iraqi military commander
  - Izzat Husrieh, Syrian journalist
  - Izzat Klychev, People's Artist of the USSR, incumbent member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR and honorary corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Arts
  - Izzat Tannous (1896–1993), Palestinian physician and politician
  - Izzat Yousef Al-Maqrif, Libyan political prisoner
  - Izzat Traboulsi, Syrian politician

text:
# Izzat (given name)

**Izzat** is an Arabic male given name. Notable people with that name include:

## InfoBox

Izzat
| Pronunciation | Arabic: \[ˈʕɪz.zat, ˈʕez.zæt\] |
| --- | --- |
| Gender | Male |
| Language(s) | Arabic |
| Origin | |
| Meaning | 'Might', 'Glory', 'Honor', 'Majesty', 'Power', 'Vanity' |
| Region of origin | Arabia |
| Other names | |
| Alternative spelling | Ezzat, Azzat, Izat, Aizat |
| Variant form(s) | Izzet, Izet, Гыйззәт, Ғиззәт, Ğizzät |


title: J. Michael Cook

abstract: J. Michael Cook is the former Chairman and CEO of Deloitte & Touche, LLP and currently serves as a member of the GAO Accountability Advisory Panel, and also serves on numerous corporate and civic boards.

text:
# J. Michael Cook

**J. Michael Cook** is the former Chairman and CEO of Deloitte & Touche, LLP and currently serves as a member of the GAO Accountability Advisory Panel, and also serves on numerous corporate and civic boards.

## Education

Cook is an honors graduate of the University of Florida. While an undergraduate, he became a member of Delta Tau Delta. He graduated with a BSBA degree in 1964, and was named a distinguished alumnus of the university in 1986.

## CEO of Deloitte & Touche

Cook became a managing partner of Deloitte Haskins Sells in 1984. In 1986, J. Michael Cook succeeded Charles Steele as chairman and chief executive of Deloitte Haskins & Sells. During his tenure as CEO, Cook helped architect the merger of Deloitte, Haskins, & Sells with Touche Ross in 1989. He became CEO of the new Deloitte & Touche in 1989.

## Other work

Cook has chaired the audit committees at Burt's Bees, Comcast Corporation, and Eli Lilly and Company. He has also served as Chairman of United Way of Tri-State, on the Board of Overseers at Business School, the Board of Trustees of the University of Miami, and is a past Chairman of the Board of Governors of the United Way of America.

Cook has an endowed professorship named after him at his Alma mater, the University of Florida. The J. Michael Cook/Deloitte Professorship Fund is awarded to professors in the Warrington College of Business Administration.

He is also the partial namesake of a doctoral consortium hosted by the American Accounting Association devoted to discussing current topics in accounting education, research and publishing.

## Awards

\- Chief Executive Officer Recognition Award from Women in Technology International \- Working Mother Magazine's Family Champion of the Year Award \- Director's Alert 2002 Outstanding Director in Corporate America \- The John J. McCloy Award of the Public Oversight Board for contributions to excellence in auditing

## Personal life

Cook lives with his wife, Mary Anne, in Greenwich, Connecticut. He has two daughters, Jennifer and Angela; and a son, Jeffrey.

## InfoBox

| J. Michael Cook | |
| --- | --- |
| Education | BSBA degree at University of Florida (1964) |
| Occupation | former chairman & CEO of Deloitte & Touche, LLP |
| Spouse | Mary Anne Cook |
| Children | Jennifer
Angela
Jeffrey |


title: Ivy de Verley

abstract: Flossie Ivy Louise Verley, styled Ivy de Verley, was a Jamaican-born artist active in the United States and United Kingdom.

text:
# Ivy de Verley

**Flossie Ivy Louise Verley** (married **Bradley**, later **Davoren**; 27 July 1879  29 December 1963), styled **Ivy de Verley**, was a Jamaican-born artist active in the United States and United Kingdom.

## Early life

Flossie Ivy Louise Verley was born on 27 July 1879 in Kingston in the British Colony of Jamaica to Eliza Jane (née Lazerous) and Louis Francis Verley. She was raised in England and France.

## Career

After her first husband died in 1907, De Verley moved to England, where she studied painting and opened the Scarab Studio at Courtfield Gardens in South Kensington, London. She moved to Hollywood, Los Angeles, in 1920 or 1921 and opened a Scarab Studio there as well.

## Artistry

De Verley painted living people in a style inspired by death masks. According to de Verley, she developed the style after her husband, Vesey O'Davoren, asked her to create his death mask after he was given little time to live following exposure to poison gas in World War I.

A 1915 review of an exhibit featuring her work described her paintings as "wildly romantic portraits in oil and pastel". Raymond Blathwayt, a journalist, described de Verley's life masks as "striking and at times even weird in the extreme". De Verley's subjects included Elinor Glyn, Betty Blythe, and Casson Ferguson. Her paintings are in the collection of the National Library of New Zealand, and the Witt Library, Courtauld Institute of Art, London.

## Personal life

De Verley married Richard Walter Bradley on 15 November 1905 in Kingston; Bradley died on 14 January in the 1907 Kingston earthquake.

De Verley married Vesey Alfred Davoren on 15 January 1916. As of January 1939, de Verley had lived in Los Angeles, California, for 30 years. She died in Hollywood on 29 December 1963 and her ashes were interred on 31 December at Grand View Memorial Park Cemetery.

## InfoBox

| Ivy de Verley | |
| --- | --- |
| De Verley with a "life mask" of her husband, 1920 | |
| Born | Flossie Ivy Louise Verley
(1879-07-27)27 July 1879
Kingston, Colony of Jamaica |
| Died | 29 December 1963(1963-12-29) (aged 84)
Hollywood, California, U.S. |
| Spouse | Vesey O'Davoren (m. 1916) |


title: Free-space bitmap

abstract: Free-space bitmaps are one method used to track allocated sectors by some file systems. While the most simplistic design is highly inefficient, advanced or hybrid implementations of free-space bitmaps are used by some modern file systems.

text:
# Free-space bitmap

**Free-space bitmaps** are one method used to track allocated sectors by some file systems. While the most simplistic design is highly inefficient, advanced or hybrid implementations of free-space bitmaps are used by some modern file systems.

## Example

The simplest form of free-space bitmap is a bit array, i.e. a block of bits. In this example, a zero would indicate a free sector, while a one indicates a sector in use. Each sector would be of fixed size. For explanatory purposes, we will use a 4 GiB hard drive with 4096-byte sectors and assume that the bitmap itself is stored elsewhere. The example disk would require 1,048,576 bits, one for each sector, or 128 KiB. Increasing the size of the drive will proportionately increase the size of the bitmap, while multiplying the sector size will produce a proportionate reduction.

When the operating system (OS) needs to write a file, it will scan the bitmap until it finds enough free locations to fit the file. If a 12 KiB file were stored on the example drive, three zero bits would be found, changed to ones, and the data would be written across the three sectors represented by those bits. If the file were subsequently truncated down to 8 KiB, the final sector's bit would be set back to zero, indicating that it is again available for use.

### Advantages

* Simple: Each bit directly corresponds to a sector.
* Fast random-access allocation check: Checking whether a sector is free is as simple as checking the corresponding bit.
* Fast deletion: Data need not be overwritten on delete; flipping the corresponding bit is sufficient.
* Fixed cost: Both an advantage and disadvantage. Other techniques to store free-space information have a variable amount of overhead depending on the number and size of the free-space extents. Bitmaps can never do as well as other techniques in their respective ideal circumstances, but don't suffer pathological cases either. Since the bitmap never grows, shrinks or moves, fewer lookups are required to find the desired information.
* Low storage overhead as a fraction of the drive size: Even with relatively small sector sizes, the storage space required for the bitmap is small. A 2 TB drive could be fully represented with a mere 64 MB bitmap (for 4096-byte sectors).

### Disadvantages

* Wasteful on larger disks: The simplistic design starts wasting large amounts of space (in an absolute sense) for extremely large volumes.
* Poor scalability: While the size remains negligible as a fraction of the disk size, finding free space becomes slower as the disk fills. If the bitmap is larger than available memory, performance drops precipitously on all operations.
* Fragmentation: If free sectors are taken as they are found, drives with frequent file creation and deletion will rapidly become fragmented. If the search attempts to find contiguous blocks, finding free space becomes much slower for even moderately full disks. Fragmented data also slows down reading speeds on mechanical hard drives due to seeking latency of the magnetic head, though this is not an issue on flash memory.

## Advanced techniques

As the drive size grows, the amount of time needed to scan for free space can become unreasonable. To address this, real-world implementations of free-space bitmaps will find ways to centralize information on free space. One approach is to split the bitmap into many chunks. A separate array then stores the number of free sectors in each chunk, so chunks with insufficient space can be easily skipped over, and the total amount of free space is easier to compute. Finding free space now entails searching the summary array first, then searching the associated bitmap chunk for the exact sectors available.

This approach drastically reduces the cost of finding free space, but it doesn't help with the process of freeing space. If the combined size of the summary array and bitmap is greater than can readily be stored in memory, and a large number of files with scattered sectors are freed, an enormous amount of disk access is necessary to find all the sectors, decrement the summary counter and flip the bits back to zero. This greatly reduces the benefits of the bitmap, as it is no longer performing its function of summarizing the free space rapidly without reading from the disk.


title: Trichostixis orientalis

abstract: Trichostixis orientalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Trichostixis. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1936.

text:
# Trichostixis orientalis

***Trichostixis orientalis*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus ***Trichostixis***. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1936.

## InfoBox

| *Trichostixis orientalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Trichostixis*** |
| Species: | ***T. orientalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trichostixis orientalis***<br>Breuning, 1936 | |
|


title: Joaquim Pijoan i Arbocer

abstract: Joaquim Pijoan is a Spanish painter and writer from Catalonia. His published works are Somni (1983), Sayonara Barcelona (2007) and Amor a Venècia (2007). He considers painting as his passion, but he has become famous by two literary awards: the Documenta (1982) by Somni and, especially, the Premi Sant Jordi de novel·la (2006) for his work Sayonara Barcelona. The only material published between this two dates was in Revista de Girona.

text:
# Joaquim Pijoan i Arbocer

**Joaquim Pijoan** (Santa Cristina d'Aro, Baix Empordà, 27 March 1948) is a Spanish painter and writer from Catalonia.

His published works are *Somni* (1983), *Sayonara Barcelona* (2007) and *Amor a Venècia* (2007). He considers painting as his passion, but he has become famous by two literary awards: the Documenta (1982) by *Somni* and, especially, the Premi Sant Jordi de novel·la (2006) for his work *Sayonara Barcelona*. The only material published between this two dates was in *Revista de Girona*.

## Sayonara Barcelona

*Sayonara Barcelona*, his second novel has been published in 2007. He received the Premi Sant Jordi de novel·la given by Òmnium Cultural in 2006.

### Plot

Abraham is a painter who left Barcelona twenty-five years ago, without telling anyone, leaving behind many people, especially a pregnant girl, and now he is returning from Japan, where he has been living, to say goodbye to the city and its past and not come back ever again. Abraham understands that everything on this trip has changed too, even himself, completely tied to Japanese culture and not to the West, the friends and especially the city, which has become a thematic park where it is very difficult to hear someone speaking Catalan.

The most interesting of all is how this novel is written, first with narrator in third person who observes his characters, so that even as we find him as a character in the novel, as a private detective who follows them and at one point explains us the reason for writing this text. We also find sentences in first person with the characters narrating their views. These effects give great polyphony in the novel and they are a resource of great interest.

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Joaquim Pijoan i Arbocer | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1948-03-27) 27 March 1948
Santa Cristina d'Aro, Catalonia, Spain |
| Occupation | Writer and painter |
| Language | Catalan |
| Notable works | *Sayonara Barcelona* (2007); *Amor a Venècia* (2007) |
| Notable awards | 1983. Documenta
2006: Sant Jordi |


abstract: The XI Constitutional Government of São Tomé and Príncipe was a government of São Tomé and Príncipe, established in April 2006 and disestablished in February 2008.

text:
# XI Constitutional Government of São Tomé and Príncipe

The **XI Constitutional Government of São Tomé and Príncipe** (Portuguese: *XI Governo Constitucional de São Tomé e Príncipe*) was a government of São Tomé and Príncipe, established in April 2006 and disestablished in February 2008.

| Office | Holder |
| --- | --- |
| Prime Minister | Tomé Vera Cruz |
| Minister of Defense | Óscar Sousa |
| Minister of Economy | Cristina Dias, Valdemira Tavares |
| Minister of Education, Youth and Sport | Maria de Fátima Leite, Maria Rute Leal |
| Minister of Finance | Maria Tebus Torres, Arlindo Carvalho |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation and Communities | Carlos Gustavo dos Anjos, Ovidio Pequeno |
| Minister of Health | Arlindo de Carvalho |
| Minister of Justice, Public Administration, State Reform and Parliamentary Affairs | Justino Veiga |
| Minister of Natural Resources and Environment | Manuel de Deus Lima |
| Minister of Public Works | Delfim Neves |
| Minister of Territorial Administration, Culture and Social Communication | Armindo Aguiar |
| Minister of Work, Solidarity, Woman and Family | Maria de Cristo Carvalho |
| Secretary of State of Agriculture, Fisheries and Rural Development | Argentino Pires dos Santos |
|


title: The Painter (2024 film)

abstract: The Painter is a 2024 American action thriller film directed by Kimani Ray Smith and written by Brian Buccellato. It stars Charlie Weber, Jon Voight, Marie Avgeropoulos, and Madison Bailey. The Painter was released in the United States on January 5, 2024.

text:
# The Painter (2024 film)

***The Painter*** is a 2024 American action thriller film directed by Kimani Ray Smith and written by Brian Buccellato. It stars Charlie Weber, Jon Voight, Marie Avgeropoulos, and Madison Bailey.

*The Painter* was released in the United States on January 5, 2024.

## Plot

A retired CIA agent paints as a hobby. But his past has come back to haunt him, as a mysterious woman he met somewhere shows up. He must find the way to evade the incoming threat in forms of some trained op recruits.

## Cast

## Production

Principal photography took place in Vancouver from November 28 to December 20, 2022.

In late November 2023, it was reported that Republic Pictures had acquired the rights to *The Painter*, directed by Kimani Ray Smith from SP Media Group for Republic Pictures.

## Release

*The Painter* had a limited release in the United States on January 5, 2024. It was released on digital platforms on January 9.

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 0% of 10 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 3.6/10.

Dennis Harvey of *Variety* wrote, "*The Painter* never seems like more than a rote shoot-'em-up inadequately juiced by the kind of shocking revelations that are all contrived verbal explication".

## InfoBox

| The Painter | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical poster | |
| Directed by | Kimani Ray Smith |
| Written by | Brian Buccellato |
| Produced by | Steven Paul |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Ryan Petey |
| Edited by | Trevor Mirosh |
| Music by | Rich Walters |
| Production<br>company | SP Media Group |
| Distributed by | Republic Pictures |
| Release date | * January 5, 2024 (2024-01-05) |
| Running time | 97 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Love in Waiting

abstract: Love in Waiting is a 1948 British comedy film directed by Douglas Peirce, and starring David Tomlinson. It was made at Highbury Studios as a second feature for release by the Rank Organisation.

text:
# Love in Waiting

***Love in Waiting*** is a 1948 British comedy film directed by Douglas Peirce, and starring David Tomlinson. It was made at Highbury Studios as a second feature for release by the Rank Organisation.

## Plot

In a busy restaurant during the food rationing period in the wake of Second World War, three waitresses fall in love with the manager (Tomlinson), the garbage man (who is the owner's grandson in disguise), and the downstairs neighbour - while trying to stay in the good books of the ruthless Miss Bell, who runs the catering staff and is selling restaurant food supplies to the Black Market.

## Cast

## Critical reception

*TV Guide* called it an "uninteresting farce"; while the only positive *The British 'B' Film* was able to conclude, was that "at least the hour long *Love in Waiting* has brevity on its side."

1. "Love in Waiting (1948) - Douglas Pierce - Cast and Crew - AllMovie". *AllMovie*.
2. "Love In Waiting". *TVGuide.com*.
3. "Love in Waiting (1948)". Archived from the original on 3 August 2017.
4. Chibnall, Stephen; McFarlane, Brian (23 October 2009). *The British 'B' Film*. Macmillan International Higher Education. ISBN 9781844575749  via Google Books.

## InfoBox

| Love in Waiting | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Douglas Peirce |
| Screenplay by | * Martin Lane * Arthur Reid |
| Based on | original idea by Monica Dickens |
| Produced by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Roy Fogwell |
| Edited by | Dennis Gurney |
| Music by | Temple Abady |
| Production<br>company | Highbury Productions |
| Distributed by | GFD (UK) |
| Release date | * 17 January 1949 (1949-01-17) (UK) |
| Running time | 60 minutes |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |


title: George Ross, 13th Lord Ross

abstract: George Ross, 13th Lord Ross of Halkhead, was a Scottish nobleman.

text:
# George Ross, 13th Lord Ross

**George Ross, 13th Lord Ross of Halkhead** (8 April 1681 – 17 June 1754), was a Scottish nobleman.

## Origins

Ross was the eldest son and heir of William Ross, 12th Lord Ross, who died in 1738, by Agnes, daughter and heiress of Sir John Wilkie of Fouldean. The Rosses of Halkhead, or Hawkhead, in Renfrewshire, were a Lowland family, not apparently related to the Earls of Ross or the Highland family of Ross of Balnagown.

## Career

Ross was appointed a Commissioner of Supply for Renfrewshire on 19 June 1702, and for Edinburgh and Renfrewshire on 5 August 1704. He was elected Lord Rector of Glasgow University in 1727 and 1728 and was appointed Governor of Edinburgh Castle in June 1739. He was appointed a Commissioner of Customs and Salt on 13 February 1744, 29 October 1746 and 20 July 1751.

On the death of his son Charles in 1745, he succeeded to the estate of Balnagown. He himself died at Ross House, Edinburgh, on 17 June 1754.

## Family

Ross married in about 1711 Elizabeth, the third daughter of William Kerr, 2nd Marquess of Lothian. She died on 22 May 1758. Their children included:

* William Ross, 14th Lord Ross (c1720 – 19 August 1754)
* Charles Ross (9 February 1721 – 30 April 1745), who inherited the estate of Balnagown from his uncle in 1732 and was killed at the Battle of Fontenoy
* George Ross (born 7 September 1722), who predeceased his father
* Jane Ross (10 December 1719 – 19 August 1777), who married (28 July 1755) John Mackye of Polgowan and inherited the estates of Halkhead on the death of her elder brother, William
* Elizabeth Ross (16 April 1725 – 9 October 1791), who married (7 July 1755) John Boyle, 3rd Earl of Glasgow and succeeded to the estates of Halkhead on the death of her elder sister, Jane
* Mary Ross (1730-22 October 1762), who was one of the last persons in Scotland supposed to be 'possessed' of an evil spirit and who died unmarried
* Margaret (born 1731), who died unmarried