title: Tussy, Oklahoma

abstract: Tussy is an unincorporated community in Carter and Garvin counties, Oklahoma, United States. Tussy is 5 miles (8.0 km) west-northwest of Tatums. The post office was established March 1, 1890. The town of Tussy was named for Henry B. Tussy, rancher and cattleman.

text:
# Tussy, Oklahoma

**Tussy** is an unincorporated community in Carter and Garvin counties, Oklahoma, United States. Tussy is 5 miles (8.0 km) west-northwest of Tatums. The post office was established March 1, 1890. The town of Tussy was named for Henry B. Tussy, rancher and cattleman.

## InfoBox

| Tussy, Oklahoma | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| TussyTussy | |
| Coordinates: 34°30′24″N 97°32′35″W / 34.50667°N 97.54306°W / 34.50667; -97.54306 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oklahoma |
| Counties | Carter and Garvin |
| Elevation | 984 ft (300 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code(s) | 539/918 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1100900 |


title: Tussocky Branch (Broad Creek tributary)

abstract: Tussocky Branch is a 7.54 mi (12.13 km) long 2nd order tributary to Broad Creek in Sussex County, Delaware.

text:
# Tussocky Branch (Broad Creek tributary)

**Tussocky Branch** is a 7.54 mi (12.13 km) long 2nd order tributary to Broad Creek in Sussex County, Delaware.

## Variant names

According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as:

* Mill Creek

## Course

Tussocky Branch rises about 1 mile east of Susan Beach Corner, Delaware and then flows north into Broad Creek at Portsville.

## Watershed

Tussocky Branch drains 10.49 square miles (27.2 km2) of area, receives about 44.7 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 812.43 and is about 12% forested.

## InfoBox

| Tussocky Branch
Tributary to Broad Creek | |
| --- | --- |
| Location of Tussocky Branch mouthTussocky Branch (Broad Creek tributary) (the United States) | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Delaware |
| County | Sussex |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source | Barren Creek divide |
| location | about 1 mile east of Susan Beach Corner, Delaware |
| coordinates | 38°28′11″N 075°37′22″W / 38.46972°N 75.62278°W / 38.46972; -75.62278 |
| elevation | 50 ft (15 m) |
|  | |
| Mouth | Broad Creek |
| location | Portsville, Delaware |
| coordinates | 38°33′47″N 075°37′47″W / 38.56306°N 75.62972°W / 38.56306; -75.62972 |
| elevation | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Length | 7.54 mi (12.13 km) |
| Basin size | 10.49 square miles (27.2 km2) |
|  | |
| Discharge |  |
| location | Broad Creek |
| average | 12.17 cu ft/s (0.345 m3/s) at mouth with Broad Creek |
|  | |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Broad CreekNanticoke RiverChesapeake BayAtlantic Ocean |
| River system | Nanticoke River |
| Tributaries |  |
| left | Wheeling Branch
Turkey Branch |
| right | Mill Branch |
| Waterbodies | Tussock Pond
Portsville Millpond |
| Bridges | Susan Beach Road, Branch School Road, DE 24, Airport Road, Shell Bridge Road |


title: Miki Ratsula

abstract: Miki Ratsula is a Finnish-American nonbinary artist.

text:
# Miki Ratsula

**Miki Ratsula** is a Finnish-American nonbinary artist.

## Biography

Based in Southern California, Ratsula holds a BA in psychology.

Their EP, *Made For Them*, showcases Ratsula's reinterpretation of tracks by artists such as Harry Styles, Phoebe Bridgers, and Dodie, utilizing gender-neutral pronouns and references.

Ratsula's debut LP, *I Owe It To Myself*, encompasses a lo-fi indie-pop genre. Tracks such as "Sugarcane" and "Suffocate" have gained positive reception. The single "Suffocate" notably includes a collaboration with Los Angeles-based singer Lauren Sanderson.


title: Miki Satō (singer)

abstract: Miki Satō Miki Satō is a Japanese musician from Hokkaido who is signed to Sacra Music. She began her activities in 2020 with the release of her first single "Namonai Hana", the title track of which was used as the ending theme to the second season of The Irregular at Magic High School.

text:
# Miki Satō (singer)

**Miki Satō** (佐藤 ミキ, *Satō Miki*, born September 29) is a Japanese musician from Hokkaido who is signed to Sacra Music. She began her activities in 2020 with the release of her first single "Namonai Hana", the title track of which was used as the ending theme to the second season of *The Irregular at Magic High School*.

## Biography

Satō spent part of her elementary years studying in Australia as part of an exchange program, and would return to the country for studies while in high school. She originally considered pursuing as a career as a pharmacist or civil servant upon the advice of her parents, but decided to pursue a music career upon reaching high school. During that time, she became a member of her school's light music club, becoming a vocalist and later bassist of a band. Her desire to become a musician was also inspired by her seeing how amateur bands were being discovered on Twitter. Her parents were initially disapproving of her plans as they thought it would affect her studies for university entrance exams, but became supportive after she passed and entered university. While in university, she participated in a program where students could visit a Chinese school and bring gifts. During her commutes between her home and school, she would look at the scenery while riding the train and write down lyrics.

Satō made her major debut under Sacra Music in 2020. Her song "Play the Real" was released on her YouTube channel in July 2020, followed by the limited-release song "A Ka Sa Ta Na" in August of the same year. Her first major single "Namonai Hana" (名もない花) was released on December 2, 2020; the title song is used as the ending theme to the second season of *The Irregular at Magic High School*. Her second single "You & Me" was released on March 10, 2021; the title song is used as the ending theme of the anime television series *Otherside Picnic*.

## Discography

### Singles

| Title | Peak Oricon position |
| --- | --- |
| "Namonai Hana" (名もない花)* Release date: December 2, 2020 | 35 |
| "You & Me" * Release date: March 10, 2021 |  |

## InfoBox

| Miki Satō佐藤 ミキ | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | September 29<br>Hokkaido, Japan |
| Genres | Anison |
| Occupation | Singer |
| Years active | 2020–present |
| Labels | Sacra Music |
|  | |
| Website | www.satomiki-official.com |


title: Turkey at the 1988 Summer Olympics

text:
# Turkey at the 1988 Summer Olympics

Turkey competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gold | Naim Süleymanoğlu | Weightlifting | Men's 60 kg | 20 September |
| Silver | Necmi Gençalp | Wrestling | Men's freestyle 82 kg | 1 October |

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.

| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Archery | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| Athletics | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Boxing | 4 |  | 4 |
| Judo | 4 |  | 4 |
| Sailing | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Shooting | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Swimming | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Weightlifting | 5 |  | 5 |
| Wrestling | 12 |  | 12 |
| Total | 36 | 5 | 41 |

## Results by event

### Archery

In its second Olympic archery competition, Turkey was represented by three men and three women.

**Women's Individual Competition**:

**Men's Individual Competition**:

**Women's Team Competition**:

* Eksi, Eksi, and Unsal  Preliminary Round (→ 14th place)

**Men's Team Competition**:

* Erbay, Ersu, and Avci  Preliminary Round (→ 14th place)

## Athletics

Men Track and road events

| Athletes | Events | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank |
| Mehmet Terzi | Marathon | 2:20.12 | 32 |
| Ahmet Altun | | 2:37.44 | 71 |

## Swimming

**Men's 50m Freestyle**

**Men's 100m Freestyle**

**Men's 200m Freestyle**

**Men's 200m Individual Medley**

## InfoBox

| Turkey at the
1988 Summer Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | TUR |
| NOC | Turkish National Olympic Committee |
| Website | olimpiyat.org.tr (in English and Turkish) |
| in Seoul | |
| Competitors | 41 in 9 sports |
| Flag bearer | Ali Şahin |
| Medals
Ranked 27th | Gold 1 Silver 1 Bronze 0 Total 2 |
| Summer Olympics appearances (overview) | |
|  | |
| Other related appearances | |
| 1906 Intercalated Games | |


title: Tumusla

abstract: Tumusla is a village in the Nor Chichas Province, in the Potosí Department of Bolivia. It was the site of the Battle of Tumusla on 1 april 1825.

text:
# Tumusla

**Tumusla** is a village in the Nor Chichas Province, in the Potosí Department of Bolivia.

It was the site of the Battle of Tumusla on 1 april 1825.

## InfoBox

| Tumusla | |
| --- | --- |
| TumuslaLocation in Bolivia | |
| Coordinates: 20°29′26″S 65°37′13″W / 20.49056°S 65.62028°W / -20.49056; -65.62028 | |
| Country | Bolivia |
| Department | Potosí Department |
| Province | Nor Chichas Province |
| Municipality | Cotagaita Municipality |
| Canton | Tumusla Canton |
| Population (2012) | |
| Total | 279 |
| Time zone | GMT-4 |


title: Twistwing

abstract: Twistwings are two species of Tyrant flycatchers from the genus Cnipodectes. They are restricted to northern and western South America and southern Central America. The genus was monotypic until a new species, Cnipodectes superrufus, was described from Peru and Bolivia in 2007. Their common name refers to the modified primaries. The genus contains two species.

text:
# Twistwing

**Twistwings** are two species of Tyrant flycatchers from the genus ***Cnipodectes***. They are restricted to northern and western South America and southern Central America. The genus was monotypic until a new species, *Cnipodectes superrufus*, was described from Peru and Bolivia in 2007. Their common name refers to the modified primaries. The genus contains two species.

## Species

Genus ***Cnipodectes***P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1873 – two species
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| brownish flycatcher, Brownish twistwing | *Cnipodectes subbrunneus*
(Sclater, PL, 1860) | Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru.
 | *Size*:

*Habitat*:

*Diet*: | **LC**
 |
| Rufous twistwing | *Cnipodectes superrufus*
Lane, Servat, Valqui & Lambert, 2007 | south-eastern Peru, northern Bolivia and far western Brazil
 | *Size*:

*Habitat*:

*Diet*: | **VU**
 |

## InfoBox

| Twistwings | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Brownish twistwing (*Cnipodectes subbrunneus*) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tyrannidae |
| Genus: | *Cnipodectes*
P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1873 |
|
| Species | |
| 2, see text | |


title: Gephyraspis insolita

abstract: Gephyraspis insolita is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Madagascar.

text:
# Gephyraspis insolita

***Gephyraspis insolita*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Madagascar.

## InfoBox

| *Gephyraspis insolita* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Gephyraspis* |
| Species: | ***G. insolita*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Gephyraspis insolita***<br>Diakonoff, 1973 | |
|


title: Gephyra saturatalis

abstract: Gephyra saturatalis is a species of snout moth in the genus Gephyra. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859 and is known from Suriname.

text:
# Gephyra saturatalis

***Gephyra saturatalis*** is a species of snout moth in the genus *Gephyra*. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859 and is known from Suriname.

## InfoBox

| *Gephyra saturatalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | *Gephyra* |
| Species: | ***G. saturatalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Gephyra saturatalis***<br>(Walker, 1859) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pyralis saturatalis* Walker, 1859 * *Phalaena farinalis* Stoll in Cramer & Stoll, 1781 | |


title: Milesia bequaerti

abstract: Milesia bequaerti is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae.

text:
# Milesia bequaerti

***Milesia bequaerti*** is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae.

## Distribution

Congo.

## InfoBox

| *Milesia bequaerti* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Syrphidae |
| Subfamily: | Eristalinae |
| Tribe: | Milesiini |
| Subtribe: | Milesiina |
| Genus: | *Milesia* |
| Species: | ***M. bequaerti*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Milesia bequaerti***<br>(Doesburg, 1955) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pogonosyrphus bequaerti* Doesburg, 1955 | |


title: Minor Shadows

abstract: Minor Shadows is the second album by experimental electronic group 1 Mile North. It was released in 2003 by Ba Da Bing Records.

text:
# Minor Shadows

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Pitchfork Media | 9.0/10 |

***Minor Shadows*** is the second album by experimental electronic group 1 Mile North. It was released in 2003 by Ba Da Bing Records.

## Track listing

1. "In 1983 He Loved To Fly"
2. "Life Indoors"
3. "Return To From Where We Came"
4. "The Sick"
5. "Black Lines"
6. "August 8:15"
7. "The Manual"

## InfoBox

| Minor Shadows | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by 1 Mile North | |
| Released | 2003 |
| Genre | Electronica, Experimental |
| Label | Ba Da Bing |
| Producer | * Jon Hills * Mark Bajuk |
| 1 Mile North chronology | |
| *Glass Wars*
(2001) ***Minor Shadows***
(2003) *Altare Della Patria: Home and Concert Recordings 2000-2003*
(2004) | |


title: Zoe Bush

abstract: Zoe Alice Bush is an American lawyer serving as a senior judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. Bush first took her position on July 18, 1994, and assumed senior status on October 27, 2017.

text:
# Zoe Bush

**Zoe Alice Bush** (born July 5, 1954) is an American lawyer serving as a senior judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. Bush first took her position on July 18, 1994, and assumed senior status on October 27, 2017.

## Early life and education

Bush was born and raised in Little Rock, Arkansas. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Wellesley College in 1976 and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School in 1979.

## Career

After graduating from law school, Bush served as a law clerk for Judge James F. Merow. She later clerked for Judge Philip Nichols Jr. before joining the Washington Gas Light Company as a rate lawyer. In 1984, she joined Potomac Electric Power Company's Office of General Counsel. Bush was appointed to serve as an administrative judge of the Washington, D.C. Contract Appeals Board and later served as the board's chief administrative judge. In 1994, President Bill Clinton appointed Bush to serve as an associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. She assumed senior status on October 27, 2017.

1. States, United; Affairs, United States Congress Senate Committee on Governmental (June 29, 1994). *Nominations of Judith Bartnoff, Zoe Alice Bush, and Rhonda Reid Winston: Hearing Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session, on Nominations of Judith Bartnoff, Zoe Alice Bush, and Rhonda Reid Winston to be Associate Judges, Superior Court of the District of Columbia, June 29, 1994*. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-16-046180-4.
2. "Zoe Bush". *www.racialequity2030.org*. Retrieved 2023-04-15.
3. "Bush, Zoe | District of Columbia Courts". *www.dccourts.gov*. Retrieved 2023-04-15.

## InfoBox

| Zoe Bush | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Senior Judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
October 27, 2017 | |
| Associate Judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia | |
| **In office**
July 18, 1994  October 27, 2017 | |
| Nominated by | Bill Clinton |
| Preceded by | Fred B. Ugast |
| Succeeded by | Shana Frost Matini |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Zoe Alice Bush
(1954-07-05) July 5, 1954
Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S. |
| Children | 1 |
| Education | Wellesley College (BA)
Harvard University (JD) |
|  | |


title: Montipora patula

abstract: Montipora patula, also called the sandpaper or ringed rice coral, is a coral species in the family Acroporidae endemic to Hawaii and is considered a vulnerable species.

text:
# Montipora patula

***Montipora patula***, also called the **sandpaper** or **ringed rice coral**, is a coral species in the family Acroporidae endemic to Hawaii and is considered a vulnerable species.

## Description

*Montipora patula* form small, encrusting colonies or tiered plates that are brownish in color with lighter borders. These plates have free edges and can reach over 2 meters across. Corallites are irregular in height and are generally small. Around the corallites are small papillae, that are usually tan in color. Polyps are usually purple in color.

## Distribution & habitat

*Montipora patula* is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. This species prefers shallow reef environments living along reef flats.

## InfoBox

| *Montipora patula* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hexacorallia |
| Order: | Scleractinia |
| Family: | Acroporidae |
| Genus: | *Montipora* |
| Species: | ***M. patula*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Montipora patula***<br>Verrill, 1869 | |
|


title: Team Vulcun

abstract: Team Vulcun was a professional League of Legends team that competed in the North American League of Legends Championship Series. The team was formed on February 2, 2013, after it acquired the roster of Team FeaR. Team Vulcun finished 3rd in the 2013 NA LCS Spring Split and again in the 2013 NA LCS Summer Split. The latter placement qualified them for the 2013 World Championship, where they placed 4th in Group B and 11th–12th overall. On October 16, 2013, it was announced that Team Vulcun would rename to XDG Gaming. Around a year later, the organization completely dissolved.

text:
# Team Vulcun

**Team Vulcun** was a professional *League of Legends* team that competed in the North American League of Legends Championship Series (NA LCS). The team was formed on February 2, 2013, after it acquired the roster of Team FeaR.

Team Vulcun finished 3rd in the 2013 NA LCS Spring Split and again in the 2013 NA LCS Summer Split. The latter placement qualified them for the 2013 World Championship, where they placed 4th in Group B and 11th–12th overall.

On October 16, 2013, it was announced that Team Vulcun would rename to XDG Gaming. Around a year later, the organization completely dissolved.

## Final roster

| Nat. | ID | Name | Role |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Sycho Sid | Benny Hung | Top Laner |
|  | Xmithie | Jake Puchero | Jungler |
|  | mandatorycloud | Zachary Hoschar | Mid Laner |
|  | Zuna | Christopher Buechter | Bot Laner |
|  | BloodWater | Lyubomir Spasov | Support |

## InfoBox

Team Vulcun
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Short name | VUL |
| Game | *League of Legends* |
| Founded | February 2, 2013 (2013-02-02) |
| Folded | October 16, 2013 (2013-10-16) |
| League | North American League of Legends Championship Series (NA LCS) |
| Team history | Team FeaR (2012–2013) |
| Location | United States |
| Head coach | Kenneth "Kenma" Buechter |
| Manager | Christina "Gnomesayin" Laird |


title: María Esther de Miguel

abstract: María Esther de Miguel was an Argentine writer.

text:
# María Esther de Miguel

**María Esther de Miguel** (1 November 1929, Larroque, Entre Ríos Province – Buenos Aires, 27 July 2003) was an Argentine writer.

## Biography

Miguel was the daughter of a Spanish immigrant and Jewish mother. At the age of eight, she won a literary contest in composition at school, which was the beginning of her writing career. In her adolescence, she began writing novellas at the Congregación de los Paulinos in Buenos Aires. Her studies included philosophy and literature, earning a scholarship to study literature in Italy. When she returned to Argentina, she abandoned her Catholic religious vocation, and worked as a teacher and journalist. Miguel served as director of the literary magazine *Señales* and collaborated in the literary supplement of the newspaper *La Nación*. She served in a leadership role at the Fondo Nacional de las Artes.

Miguel was married to the editor Andrés Alfonso Bravo. She died of colorectal cancer in 2003.

## Selected works

* 1961 "*La hora undécima*" (novela)
* 1965 "*Los que comimos a Solís*" (short stories)
* 1970 "*Calamares en su tinta*" (novela)
* 1972 "*En el otro tablero*" (short stories)
* 1973 "*Pueblamérica*" (novela) - republished in 1998 with the title "*Violentos jardines de América*"
* 1980 "*Espejos y daguerrotipos*" (novela)
* 1983 "*Jaque a Paysandú*" (novela)
* 1986 "*Dos para arriba, uno para abajo*" (short stories)
* 1991 "*Norah Lange*" (biography)
* 1993 "*La amante del restaurador*" (novela)
* 1995 "*Las batallas secretas de Belgrano*" (novela)
* 1996 "*El general, el pintor y la dama*" (novela)
* 1997 "*En el otro lado del tablero* " (short stories)
* 1999 "*Un dandy en la corte del rey Alfonso*" (novela)
* 2001 "*El palacio de los patos*" (novela)

## Awards

* Premio Emecé (for *La hora undécima*)
* Premio del Fondo Nacional de las Artes (for *Los que comimos a Solís*)
* Segundo Premio Municipal (for *Los que comimos a Solís*)
* Premio Municipal (for *Espejos y daguerrotipos*)
* Premio Planeta (for *El general, el pintor y la dama*)
* Premio Nacional de Literatura
* Palma de Plata of the Pen Club
* Konex Award
* Premio Dupuytrén

## Bibliography

* Clarmi Bueno Zandona: *Una mirada sobre la obra de María Esther de Miguel*. Universidad de les Illes Balears, Palma 2000.
* Malva E. Filer: *Las nuevas „traduciones“ de María Esther de Miguel*. In: *Alba de América*, Bd. 3 (1985); Nr. 4/5, pages 98–104.
* Eduardo Romano (Hrsg.): *Héctor Tizón. Germán Rozenmacher, Abelardo Castillo, María Esther de Miguel*. Kapellusz, Buenos Aires 1987, ISBN 950-13-2242-4 (*Narradores argentinos*; 2).


title: Mercenárias

abstract: Mercenárias, sometimes erroneously referred to as As Mercenárias, are a Brazilian all-female rock band formed in São Paulo in 1982, by bassist Sandra Coutinho, vocalist Rosália Munhoz and guitarist Ana Machado. With lyrics that heavily criticized Brazilian government and society, their sonority was constantly compared to Siouxsie and the Banshees, Joy Division, Sex Pistols and above all The Slits. The band ended in 1988, but reunited in 2006 with a new line-up; further changes on the band's line-up would be made in early 2015 and then in 2017. The only original founding member remaining is Coutinho.

text:
# Mercenárias

**Mercenárias** (Portuguese for "Mercenaries"), sometimes erroneously referred to as **As Mercenárias**, are a Brazilian all-female rock band formed in São Paulo in 1982, by bassist Sandra Coutinho, vocalist Rosália Munhoz and guitarist Ana Machado. With lyrics that heavily criticized Brazilian government and society (and sometimes the Catholic Church as well), their sonority was constantly compared to Siouxsie and the Banshees, Joy Division, Sex Pistols and above all The Slits.

The band ended in 1988, but reunited in 2006 with a new line-up; further changes on the band's line-up would be made in early 2015 and then in 2017. The only original founding member remaining is Coutinho.

## History

Mercenárias was founded in São Paulo in 1982, by Sandra Coutinho, Rosália Munhoz and Ana Machado, at the time college students: Rosália studied Psychology at the PUC-SP, while Sandra and Ana were classmates at the ECA-USP, where they studied Journalism. A then-unknown Edgard Scandurra initially served as the band's drummer; however, he would leave the band in order to focus on the incipient Ira!, and was replaced by Lourdes "Lou" Moreira by the time the band released their first album. Sandra would also join Smack in 1983, alongside Scandurra, Sérgio "Pamps" Pamplona and Thomas Pappon, and gothic rock band Cabine C in 1984, alongside former Titãs member Ciro Pessoa. In 1983 they recorded a demo tape, containing eight tracks, but it was never made available to the general public.

The tape caught the attention of famous Brazilian independent label Baratos Afins though, which released Mercenárias' debut album, *Cadê as Armas?*, in 1986. It was extremely well-received, with the tracks "Inimigo", "Santa Igreja", "Polícia" and "Pânico" becoming underground hits. A music video was made for the latter track.

In 1988, the band released their second (and last) studio album, *Trashland*, via EMI. It received an even better reception than the first one, and won the prize of "Album of the Year" by magazine *Bizz*. However, EMI fired the band for unknown reasons, and they disbanded soon after. Ana and Rosália abandoned the musical career, while Sandra, in 1998, went on to live in Berlin for a while, where she formed the short-lived German-Brazilian group Akt, before returning to Brazil in 2005. "Lourdes" underwent a sex reassignment surgery and changed his name to Leonardo, and announced himself to be an LGBT activist.

In 2006, Sandra reformed the band and hired new members Geórgia Branco and Pitchu Ferraz.

In 2012, the band celebrated its 30-year anniversary, and performed at the CCJ Ruth Cardoso in São Paulo, for free. The show counted with the participation of Edgard Scandurra and Clemente Nascimento (of the band Inocentes), among others.

In November 2013, the band performed at the SESC Consolação, in a show celebrating the 35-year anniversary of Baratos Afins. Sandra's bandmates of Smack, Scandurra and Pamplona, participated in it.

In early 2015, Branco and Ferraz left the band and were replaced by Sílvia Tape and Michelle Abu. In mid-2017, Marianne Crestani replaced Tape.

In March 2015, Mercenárias announced on their official Facebook page that their 1983 demo would be remastered and finally available for purchase. The band's first release in 27 years, it came out on June 27, 2015 by independent label Nada Nada Discos.

On August 11, 2018, the band released the box set *Baú 83–87*, containing previously unreleased demos and rarities recorded between 1983 and 1987.

## Discography

### Studio albums

| Year | Album |
| --- | --- |
| 1986 | ***Cadê as Armas?*** |
| 1988 | ***Trashland***  * Label: EMI * Format: Vinyl |

### Compilations

| Year | Album |
| --- | --- |
| 2005 | ***The Beginning of the End of the World*** |
| 2005 | ***Não Wave*** * Label: Man Recordings * Format: CD * Contributed with the song "Polícia" |
| 2005 | ***The Sexual Life of the Savages*** * Label: Soul Jazz Records * Format: CD * Contributed with the songs "Inimigo" and "Pânico" |
| 2015 | ***Demo 1983*** * Label: Nada Nada Discos * Format: CD, digital download * Originally recorded in 1983 |
| 2018 | ***Baú 83–87*** * Label: Nada Nada Discos * Format: Vinyl, digital download * Originally recorded between 1983 and 1987 |
|

### Singles

## Band members

### Current members

* Sandra Coutinho – vocals (2006–), bass guitar (1982–1988, 2006–)
* Marianne Crestani – guitar, backing vocals (2017–)
* Michelle Abu – drums (2015–)

### Former members

* Rosália Munhoz – vocals (1982–1988)
* Ana Machado – guitar (1982–1988)
* Edgard Scandurra – drums (1982–1985)
* Leonardo Moreira – drums (1985–1988)
* Geórgia Branco – guitar (2006–2015)
* Pitchu Ferraz – drums (2006–2015)
* Sílvia Tape – guitar (2015–2017)

## InfoBox

| Mercenárias | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | São Paulo, Brazil |
| Genres | Post-punk, alternative rock, punk rock, new wave |
| Years active | * 1982–1988 * 2006–present |
| Labels | Baratos Afins, EMI, Nada Nada Discos |
|  | |
| Members | Sandra Coutinho
Marianne Crestani
Michelle Abu |
|  | |
| Past members | Rosália Munhoz
Ana Machado
Leonardo Moreira
Edgard Scandurra
Geórgia Branco
Pitchu Ferraz
Sílvia Tape |


title: Pin Bot (video game)

abstract: Pin Bot is a pinball video game developed by Rare and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It was released in North America in April 1990. It is a conversion of the pinball machine by the same name. The NES version of the game accurately reproduces some of the game-play and aesthetics of the pinball machine, while introducing new features and added challenges.

text:
# Pin Bot (video game)

***Pin Bot*** is a pinball video game developed by Rare and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It was released in North America in April 1990. It is a conversion of the pinball machine by the same name (developed and manufactured by Williams in 1986). The NES version of the game accurately reproduces some of the game-play and aesthetics of the pinball machine, while introducing new features and added challenges.

## Gameplay

The primary objective of *Pin Bot* is to score points by hitting targets and completing simple objectives. The rules of the game are for the most part identical to those of the pinball machine: The player starts with a lit marker set on Pluto and advances through the Solar System by hitting various lit targets. Reaching a certain flashing checkpoint planet (Saturn, Jupiter or Mars) awards a Special, which in this version lights an Extra Ball. Reaching the Sun also awards a Special, lighting another Extra Ball.

A 5x5 grid sits in front of Pin Bot's visor, and two banks of targets on the top and side of the grid allow the player to light the grid one or two units at a time. Once the grid is fully lit, the visor opens, allowing the player to lock the ball. Locking a second ball in the visor starts a two-ball multiball mode, during which scores are doubled. The player can then re-lock one of the balls and shoot the other up the Solar Ramp, collecting a bonus score.

In the NES version of the game, successfully scoring a Solar bonus during multiball causes the playfield to change, effectively resulting in six different "levels" of playfield. The shape of the playfield and the locations of all targets remain the same throughout the game, but the playfield's color scheme changes and different enemies begin appearing after Level 1. Level 2 introduces a blob that advances through the planets, then when sitting on top of the Sun lamp, attempts to suck in and eat the ball, spitting out fragments of the ball if successful. In Level 3, a plane flies around the playfield, occasionally holding a missile that drops when the plane is destroyed by the ball or disappears on its own. The missile drops toward one of the flippers, damaging or destroying the flipper if allowed to reach it. Level 4 features the same plane, but the plane can now catch the ball and carry it away. Levels 5 and 6 both introduce a snake that appears in the outlanes and attempts to grab the ball, pulling it into the outlane. In all cases where the ball is "captured" by an enemy, the enemy can be defeated by "shaking" the machine repeatedly.

In addition to changing the playfield, certain bonuses and level advancements also cause the ball to change from a sphere to a triangular wedge, then finally to a cube. Each new shape of ball is faster and more difficult to control than the last, but otherwise behaves identically to the original ball (the physics simulation is not altered).

The NES conversion of *Pin Bot* reproduces the design and artwork of the pinball machine's playfield and backglass display, as well as its music and many of its sound effects. Additionally, the game plays the synthesized speech of Pin Bot, though gameplay is interrupted while its phrases are being played back. The speech, music and sound effects can each be toggled on and off through a pause menu, accessible via the second controller. (The first controller cannot pause the game since the Start and Select buttons are used to "nudge" the machine.)

## Game engine

Rare reused *Pin Bot'*s game engine in another pinball simulation for the NES, *High Speed* (1991), which is based on Steve Ritchie's pinball machine *High Speed* (1986). However, Tradewest, rather than Nintendo of America, published the game.

## InfoBox

| Pin Bot | |
| --- | --- |
| North American cover art | |
| Developer(s) | Rare |
| Publisher(s) | Nintendo |
| Director(s) | Paul Proctor <br>Tim Stamper |
| Composer(s) | David Wise |
| Platform(s) | Nintendo Entertainment System |
| Release |  |
| Genre(s) | Pinball simulation |
| Mode(s) | Single-player, multiplayer |


title: Harry Byrne

abstract: Harry Byrne is an Irish rugby union player who plays for Leinster. He plays as a fly-half and represents Lansdowne in the All-Ireland League.

text:
# Harry Byrne

**Harry Byrne** (born 22 April 1999) is an Irish rugby union player who plays for Leinster. He plays as a fly-half and represents Lansdowne in the All-Ireland League.

## Leinster

Whilst still in Leinster's academy, Byrne was selected in the provinces pre-season squad, and he went on to score 17 points in their 47–17 win against Coventry, as well as featuring in the 38–35 win against Canada. Following his pre-season performances, Byrne was selected on the bench for Leinster's opening 2019–20 Pro14 fixture away to Italian side Benetton on 28 September 2019, and he replaced older brother Ross in the 69th minute, scoring a late penalty to secure a 32–27 win for Leinster.

## Ireland

In June 2021 he was called up to the senior Ireland squad for the Summer tests. Byrne scored six points in his debut off the bench for the Ireland senior side, in a 71–10 victory over the United States on 10 July 2021.

## InfoBox

Harry Byrne
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1999-04-22) 22 April 1999 |
| Place of birth | Dublin, Ireland |
| Height | 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in) |
| Weight | 91.82 kg (202.4 lb; 14 st 6.4 lb) |
| School | St Michael's College |
| Notable relative(s) | Ross Byrne (brother) |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Fly-half  Amateur team(s)  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  Lansdowne   ()  Senior career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2019– Leinster  64  (300)  Correct as of 16 March 2024  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2018–2019 Ireland under-20  13  (122)  2021– Ireland  4  (8)  Correct as of 16 March 2024 | |


title: National Symphony Orchestra Ghana

abstract: The National Symphony Orchestra Ghana is the national symphony orchestra of Ghana. NSO Ghana was founded in 1959 by order of Kwame Nkrumah, and established by Philip Gbeho, together with the musician Amihud (Ami) Elroy from Israel who was especially invited to Ghana for the three years establishment mission. NSO Ghana was the only classical symphony orchestra in sub-Saharan Africa outside of South Africa until Orchestre Symphonique Kimbanguiste was created in Congo in 1994. The orchestra is based in Accra, the nation's capital, and is a government organization, with its own administration under the control of the National Commission on Culture. NSO Ghana. It performs regularly at the National Theatre in Accra.

text:
# National Symphony Orchestra Ghana

The **National Symphony Orchestra Ghana** (**NSO Ghana**) is the national symphony orchestra of Ghana. NSO Ghana was founded in 1959 by order of Kwame Nkrumah, and established by Philip Gbeho (who had composed the Ghanaian national anthem in 1957), together with the musician Amihud (Ami) Elroy from Israel who was especially invited to Ghana for the three years establishment mission. NSO Ghana was the only classical symphony orchestra in sub-Saharan Africa outside of South Africa until Orchestre Symphonique Kimbanguiste was created in Congo in 1994.

The orchestra is based in Accra, the nation's capital, and is a government organization, with its own administration under the control of the National Commission on Culture. NSO Ghana . It performs regularly at the National Theatre in Accra.

## Conductor

Since 2005, the orchestra has been conducted by Isaac Annoh, who serves as the orchestra's music director. Former conductors include Philip Gbeho, Amihud Elroy, Geoffery Boateng, Dinah Reindorf, Nana Danso Abiam, Kenn Kafui, Emmanuel Gyimah Labi, Akosua Obuo Addo, George Dorf, Oscar Sulley, Kweku Acquaah-Harrison and Lahnor Adjartey Adjei.

## Profile

The orchestra comprises 46 musicians, of which 32 are full-time and 14 are part-time. In the past, the instrumentation has been as high as 47.

The instrumentation includes 3 flutes, 1 oboe, 2 clarinets, 1 bassoon, 2 trumpets, 2 trombones, 2 horns, 1 tuba, 5 drummers and percussionists (including traditional African drums, bells, and rattles), 8 violin I, 6 violin II, 5 violas, 5 cellos, and 3 double basses.

The orchestra sometimes performs with a choir.

## Performances

The National Symphony Orchestra Ghana has performed at such state functions such as Emancipation Day and visits of foreign dignitaries such as Queen Elizabeth II, Thabo Mbeki, and the Sultan of Brunei.

The orchestra has also performed at the National Festival of Arts and Culture (NAFAC), PANAFEST, and Septemberfest, as well as at various fundraising programs. Additionally, it performs at schools, hotels, weddings, and funerals, as well as at Easter and Christmas concerts.

Since 1996, the orchestra has presented an African Composer's Series, in which it performs the works of composers from Ghana and other African nations.


title: Hasanbeyli inscription

abstract: The Hasanbeyli inscription is a Phoenician inscription on a basalt stone discovered in the village of Hasanbeyli, on the western slopes of the Amanus Mountains, in 1894. It was discovered by Felix von Luschan, who had been excavating at nearby Zincirli. The Phoenician inscription is 5 lines long, and mentions the "king of the city of Adana", the "king of Assur" and "Awariku". A short Greek inscription with two crosses has been overlaid; it is thought that it was used as a boundary marker during Byzantine times. It has been dated to the 8th century BC. The stele measures 42 x 34 x 23 cm. It is currently in the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin. The inscription is known as KAI 23.

text:
# Hasanbeyli inscription

The **Hasanbeyli inscription** is a Phoenician inscription on a basalt stone discovered in the village of Hasanbeyli, on the western slopes of the Amanus Mountains, in 1894.

It was discovered by Felix von Luschan, who had been excavating at nearby Zincirli.

The Phoenician inscription is 5 lines long, and mentions the "king of the city of Adana", the "king of Assur" and "Awariku" (also on the Karatepe inscription). A short Greek inscription with two crosses has been overlaid; it is thought that it was used as a boundary marker during Byzantine times.

It has been dated to the 8th century BC. The stele measures 42 x 34 x 23 cm. It is currently in the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin. The inscription is known as KAI 23.

## Bibliography

* Sachau, Baal-Harrän in einer Altaramäischen Inschrift auf einem Relief des Königlichen Museums zu Berlin
* Winckler, H. (1896). *Eine phönicische inschrift aus Nordsyrien*. Altorientalische Forschungen (in German). Eduard Pfeiffer. ISBN 978-0-7905-3058-1. Retrieved 2022-02-06.
* Lemaire, A. "L'inscription phénicienne de Hassan-Beyli reconsidérée," Rivista di studi fenici 11: 9–19


title: Harry Lindsay

abstract: Sir Harry Alexander Fanshawe Lindsay KCIE, CBE was a civil servant and administrator.

text:
# Harry Lindsay

Sir **Harry Alexander Fanshawe Lindsay** KCIE, CBE (11 March 1881 – 2 March 1963) was a civil servant and administrator.

## Education

Lindsay was educated at St Paul's School and Worcester College, Oxford

## Career

In 1910 Lindsay became Under-Secretary to the government of Bengal. He moved to the Commerce and Industry Department of the Government of India in 1912.

In 1916 he was Director-General of Commercial Intelligence in Calcutta and in 1922 Secretary to the Government of India, Commerce Dept. In 1923 he became Government of India Trade Commissioner in London. In 1923 he was delegate for India to the Economic Committee of the League of Nations, and in 1932 Adviser to the Indian Delegation, Imperial Economic Conference at Ottawa. In 1934 he was appointed Director of the Imperial Institute, a post in which he remained until 1953. He served on government bodies including the Colonial Products Research Council.

Sir Lindsay was Chairman of Council of the Royal Society of Arts, editing the publication *British Commonwealth Objectives* in 1946. He was president of the Royal Geographical Society, the Geographical Association and vice-president of the Royal Commonwealth Society.

## Personal life

In 1909 Lindsay married Kathleen Louise Huntington. They had two sons.


title: Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology

abstract: The Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) is a marine biology laboratory located on the state-owned Coconut Island in Kāneʻohe Bay.

text:
# Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology

The **Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB)** is a marine biology laboratory located on the state-owned Coconut Island in Kāneʻohe Bay.

## History

The institute was established in 1912. It began as a wooden structure on the shores of Waikiki and originally functioned in conjunction with the Waikiki Aquarium until 1919 when both operations became part of the University of Hawai‘i. In 1947 a group of wealthy oil tycoons, including Edwin W. Pauley, bought Coconut Island. Pauley donated a part of the island to the university for use as a marine laboratory for the study of the marine sciences. In 1993, the Pauley family donated the remaining private part of Coconut Island for the construction of a world-class marine laboratory.

In 2008, the institute was seeking 57 million dollars through state-issued bonds for the construction of a 24,000-square-foot (2,200 m2) marine research facility. The site is on the southeast side of the island. This is part of the master plan approved by the University of Hawaii's Board of Regents in 1998, which includes the addition of several research buildings, laboratories, and conference facilities. These will be funded on a case-by-case basis. The intent is to turn Coconut Island into the world's premier coral reef research facility.

## Geography

Coconut Island is approximately 29 acres (120,000 m2), including 6 acres (24,000 m2) of enclosed lagoons used to keep organisms being studied in captivity. Surrounding it are 64 acres (260,000 m2) of coral reef, designated by the state of Hawai‘i as the Hawai‘i Marine Laboratory Refuge. It is part of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. It is the only research facility in the world built on a coral reef.

The boundaries of the Hawaii Marine Laboratory Refuge surrounding the island start at the high-water mark on the island and go to twenty-five feet beyond the outer edges of the reefs, including sand and seawall shoreline, where coral and sand calcium carbonate reef flats are exposed at low tides. High coral and macro-algae flourish at shallow-depth zones while the deep habitats are characterized by sediment with low coral cover and colonized by slumping from upper reef zones. Within Kaneohe Bay are sheltered areas. Man-made impacts in the area include dredging, sewage release and freshwater flooding. The shores of the bay are characterized by coastal development.

## Habitat

The HIMB research facilities are used to explore deep-sea habitats where new species may be discovered and documented, as well as shallow reefs which are rich habitats likely to contain undiscovered species.

## Programs

Hawai‘i Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (CRAMP) is located at HIMB. It established a statewide network of more than 30 long-term coral reef monitoring sites with associated data collection systems. It went on to include rapid quantitative research and habitat mapping, which are tools new used to understand the ecology of the Hawaiian coral reefs in relation to surrounding geographic areas.

One study of the HIMB research projects is on the effects of sound on dolphins. Another is the study of chemicals in Enchanted Lake.

In 2015, the institute was testing a new form of coral resistant to coral bleaching. The institute also spoke publicly to argue in favor of banning sunscreens with chemicals, as they majorly contribute to coral bleaching.

21°25′58″N 157°47′16″W / 21.4327°N 157.7877°W / 21.4327; -157.7877


title: Harston Wood

abstract: Harston Wood is a nature reserve of the Staffordshire Wildlife Trust. It is an ancient woodland, adjacent to the village of Froghall, near Cheadle, Staffordshire, England.

text:
# Harston Wood

**Harston Wood** is a nature reserve of the Staffordshire Wildlife Trust. It is an ancient woodland, adjacent to the village of Froghall, near Cheadle, Staffordshire, England.

## Description

The wood was established as a nature reserve in 1983, in agreement with the owner, Mrs G. Hayes. Its area is 3 hectares (7.4 acres) and it is part of the Churnet Valley Site of Special Scientific Interest.

It is nearly a mile long, on a steep valley side between Shirley Brook (a tributary of the River Churnet) to the north, and the route of a former tramway, now a footpath, from where the entire length of the reserve can be seen. The tramway once carried limestone from quarries about 3 miles (4.8 km) to the east at Caldon Low near Cauldon, to the Caldon Canal at Froghall Wharf.

Existing for over 400 years, the wood is ancient woodland. It was once coppiced to supply timber for charcoal making. There are mostly ash trees; other species include hazel and oak; also small-leaved lime, which, seldom producing viable seeds in Britain, is only found in long-established woods. In waterlogged places there are areas of alder carr.

The wood is a habitat for woodpeckers, nuthatches and treecreepers. On the ground of the woodland there is wild garlic, yellow archangel and wood-sorrel. Twayblade and broadleaved helleborine can be seen next to the tramway.

## InfoBox

| Harston Wood | |
| --- | --- |
| Looking downhill towards Shirley Brook | |
| Location in Staffordshire | |
| Location | Froghall, near Cheadle, Staffordshire |
| OS grid | SK 034 479 |
| Coordinates | 53°1′42″N 1°57′3″W / 53.02833°N 1.95083°W / 53.02833; -1.95083 |
| Area | 3 hectares (7.4 acres) |
| Operated by | Staffordshire Wildlife Trust |
| Website | www.staffs-wildlife.org.uk/nature-reserves/harston-wood |


title: Hauhonselkä

abstract: Hauhonselkä is a lake in Finland. It is part of a chain of lakes that begins from the lakes Lummene and Vesijako at the drainage divide between the Kokemäenjoki and Kymijoki basins and flows westwards from there through the lakes Kuohijärvi, Kukkia, Iso-Roine, Hauhonselkä and Ilmoilanselkä and ends into lake Mallasvesi. The lake is located in the city of Hämeenlinna in the area of the former municipality of Hauho in the Tavastia Proper region and it is a part of the Kokemäenjoki basin.

text:
# Hauhonselkä

**Hauhonselkä** is a lake in Finland. It is part of a chain of lakes that begins from the lakes Lummene and Vesijako at the drainage divide between the Kokemäenjoki and Kymijoki basins and flows westwards from there through the lakes Kuohijärvi, Kukkia, Iso-Roine, Hauhonselkä and Ilmoilanselkä and ends into lake Mallasvesi. The lake is located in the city of Hämeenlinna in the area of the former municipality of Hauho in the Tavastia Proper region and it is a part of the Kokemäenjoki basin.

## InfoBox

| Hauhonselkä | |
| --- | --- |
| Hauhonselkä of Päijänne from Paljaspää, Jyväskylä, Finland | |
| Hauhonselkä | |
| Location | Hämeenlinna |
| Coordinates | 61°10′N 24°30′E / 61.167°N 24.500°E / 61.167; 24.500 |
| Basin countries | Finland |
|  | |
| Surface area | 22 km2 (8.5 sq mi) |
| Shore length1 | 63 km (39 mi) |
| 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. | |


title: Haugtussa

abstract: Haugtussa is an epic circle of poems, written by the Norwegian author Arne Garborg. The poems are reckoned a classical example of Norwegian Neo-romanticism or Symbolism. The themes of the poems are closely related to Garborg's rural background, and a number of supernatural beings, like the draug, the hulderpeople and other creatures, are involved. A Haugtusse is originally a female subterrestrial, but in this story it is an eponym of the main character, a psychic young girl, usually called Veslemøy. In 1900 Garborg published a sequel, I Helheim.

text:
# Haugtussa

***Haugtussa*** (edited 1895) is an epic circle of poems, written by the Norwegian author Arne Garborg. The poems are reckoned a classical example of Norwegian Neo-romanticism or Symbolism. The themes of the poems are closely related to Garborg's rural background, and a number of supernatural beings, like the draug, the hulderpeople and other creatures, are involved. A *Haugtusse* is originally a female subterrestrial (a Hulder), but in this story it is an eponym of the main character, a psychic young girl, usually called *Veslemøy*. In 1900 Garborg published a sequel, *I Helheim* ("In Hel").

## Plot

Veslemøy (or Gislaug), is the youngest of three sisters, living alone with her elderly mother in the area of Jæren. Her oldest sister is dead, and her other sister went to town, possibly falling into prostitution. The family is poor, and is sometimes harassed by the local land-owner.

Veslemøy is known to have great insight in local tradition and folklore, and the other youths often gather around her to hear her tell stories, or to conduct riddle-games. Veslemøy also shows skills in the art of making stories herself. One night, her dead sister visits her, telling her that she is appointed to "see" more than others, to be psychic, and to predict. This is a great burden to her, but she takes it on, rather willing to "see" than to be indifferent. From now on, visions haunt her, and the secondary world powers are after her. She is nearly abducted into the mountain. From now on, she is also called Haugtussa (Fairy maid). She has also the ability to see what animal each person around her has behind him or her, not all of them good. The owner of the greater farm is followed by a dragon (symbolizing greed).

Veslemøy experiences the pangs of any young girl, she falls in love, and almost gets betrothed to the boy on the neighbouring farm. In the end, he marries a richer girl, and this nearly breaks her. Veslemøy has to fight even harder with her demons, and is once again taken into the mountains. Here, she meets the remaining Norse trolls, lamenting their fate and how light has taken the land from them. She is offered the hand of the Haugkall (mountain king). She resists, and is found witless and brought home sick. At the end of the book, her sister consoles her once again, telling her to be of good faith, and to prepare for a descent into Hel, guarded by a völva, who will teach her "through fear, the work which will become your honour".

## Sequel

The following book, *I Helheim* ("In Hel"), tells of Veslemøy's descent through the realms of the dead. Garborg tells a story similar to the divina commedia, using the text to criticize on morals and the church at the time. The poetic structure in this book is simpler, with one metre almost all the way. Veslemøy also learns about the blessed realms, and eventually wakes up wiser and more consoled than ever before. The epilogue tells how she later lives alone, ending as the "wise woman" in the community.

## Music

The poems of the main *Haugtussa* song cycle are catchy, and inspired to music from early on. Some of the poems are sung to folk tunes, and Edvard Grieg worked with 20 of the poems from 1895. Eight of these were selected for publication as a song cycle (Opus 67) in Copenhagen in 1898, and simultaneously a German and English version was published in Leipzig. Later, newer composers have made their own cycles on the text. The poems remain some of the best-known Nynorsk poems in Norway.

## List of poems

The poems as listed from the 1909 edition of Garborg's *Skriftir i Samling* (Collected Works), divided into subsections.

* "Til deg, du Hei og bleike Myr"

Heime * "Veslemøy ved rokken"
* "Kvelding"
* "I Omnskråi"
* "Sporven"
* "Det syng"
* "Fyrivarsl"
* "Sundagsro"

Veslemøy synsk * "Gamlemor ventar"
* "Veslemøy"
* "Syne"
* "Haugtussa"

Jol * "Ungdom"
* "Lage"

I Gjætlebakken * "Vindtrolli
* "D'er kje greidt"
* "Fuglar"
* "Under Jonsok"

I Slaatten * "I Slaatten"
* "Veslemøy undrast"

Dømd * "Dømd"

Dei vil ta henne * "Maaneskinsmøyane"
* "Heilagbrót"
* "Kravsmannen"
* "I Skodda"
* "Veslemøy sjuk"
* "Snøstorm"
* "Draken"
* "Hjelpi"

Det vaarar * "Mot Soleglad"
* "Vaardag"

Sumar i Fjelle * "Paa Fjellveg"
* "Den snilde Guten"
* "Paa Gjætleberg-Nut"
* "Dokka"
* "Veslemøy lengtar"
* "Blaabær-Lid"
* "Møte"
* "Killingdans"
* "Elsk"
* "Skog-glad"
* "Eit Spursmaal"
* "Ku-Lokk"
* "Vond Dag"
* "Ved Gjætle-Bekken"

Paa Skare-Kula * "Det vaknar"
* "Dei hyller sin Herre"
* "Prøve"
* "Svarte-Katekisma"
* "Stjernefall"
* "Ein Søkjar"
* "Høg Gjest"
* "Troll-Dans"
* "Bergtroll"
* "Gnavlehól"
* "Gumlemaal"

Den store Strid * "Haust"
* "Raadlaus"
* "Den som fekk gløyme"
* "Kor hev det seg?"
* "Vinter-Storm"
* "I Kyrkja"
* "Ein Bêle"
* "Uro"
* "Bøn"
* "Paa Vildring"
* "Ho vaknar"
* "Ei svær Stund"
* "I Blaahaug"

Fri * "Fri"


title: Navarretia capillaris

abstract: Navarretia capillaris is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name miniature gilia. It is native to the western United States where it grows in wet, gravel-lined habitat especially in mountains, such as snowmelt runs. It produces glandular stems coated thinly in hairs and lined with small lance-shaped or linear leaves only one or two millimeters wide. The tiny stem is topped with an inflorescence of one or more flowers each roughly a centimeter long. The calyx is an elongated pocket of fused sepals with lobes separating at the top. The fuzzy, glandular corolla is white to light blue with a yellowish throat.

text:
# Navarretia capillaris

***Navarretia capillaris*** (formerly *Gilia capillaris*) is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name **miniature gilia**. It is native to the western United States where it grows in wet, gravel-lined habitat especially in mountains, such as snowmelt runs.

It produces glandular stems coated thinly in hairs and lined with small lance-shaped or linear leaves only one or two millimeters wide. The tiny stem is topped with an inflorescence of one or more flowers each roughly a centimeter long. The calyx is an elongated pocket of fused sepals with lobes separating at the top. The fuzzy, glandular corolla is white to light blue with a yellowish throat.

## InfoBox

| *Navarretia capillaris* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Polemoniaceae |
| Genus: | *Navarretia* |
| Species: | ***N. capillaris*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Navarretia capillaris***<br>(Kellogg) Kuntze | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Gilia capillaris* | |


title: Navarretia filicaulis

abstract: Navarretia filicaulis is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name threadstem pincushionplant. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the foothills of the northern Sierra Nevada and far southern Cascade Range. It grows in chaparral, woodland, and other local habitat. It is a hairy, glandular annual herb producing a crooked, slender, branching stem up to about 18 centimeters tall. The leaves are up to 3 centimeters long and divided into threadlike lobes. The inflorescence is a head filled with palmate green bracts speckled with resin glands. The tubular purple flowers are under a centimeter long.

text:
# Navarretia filicaulis

***Navarretia filicaulis*** is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name **threadstem pincushionplant**.

It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the foothills of the northern Sierra Nevada and far southern Cascade Range. It grows in chaparral, woodland, and other local habitat.

It is a hairy, glandular annual herb producing a crooked, slender, branching stem up to about 18 centimeters tall. The leaves are up to 3 centimeters long and divided into threadlike lobes. The inflorescence is a head filled with palmate green bracts speckled with resin glands. The tubular purple flowers are under a centimeter long.

## InfoBox

| *Navarretia filicaulis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Polemoniaceae |
| Genus: | *Navarretia* |
| Species: | ***N. filicaulis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Navarretia filicaulis***<br>(Torr. ex A.Gray) Greene | |
|


title: Hawkfish (technology company)

abstract: Hawkfish is a US political data and technology-based agency headquartered in New York City founded by Michael Bloomberg. The firm was founded in the spring of 2019 to support "Democratic candidates, good causes, and common sense solutions."

text:
# Hawkfish (technology company)

**Hawkfish** is a US political data and technology-based agency headquartered in New York City founded by Michael Bloomberg. The firm was founded in the spring of 2019 to support "Democratic candidates, good causes, and common sense solutions."

## History

In December 2019, after the Bloomberg campaign for the 2020 presidential Democratic nominee was established, CNBC was the first to report on Hawkfish's existence. According to the Bloomberg campaign, Hawkfish was also founded prior to Bloomberg's decision to run, although an exact date was not specified.

The firm states it has worked on the 2019 state elections in Virginia and Kentucky, in addition to the Bloomberg campaign. Federal Election Commission fillings show Bloomberg invested at least $25.7 million in the firm, out of the over $409 million he spent on his own campaign. During the primaries, the firm was responsible for the unorthodox media strategies of Bloomberg's campaign that garnered social media attention by promoting memes, and parodies of Bloomberg using Instagram direct messages.

Following Bloomberg's withdrawal from the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries, the *Washington Post* reported Bloomberg would continue to fund the company while campaign operations were suspended in the proceeding weeks. Bloomberg's support of Hawkfish is in addition to the formation of his as yet unnamed independent expenditure campaign which will support the Democratic candidate in the 2020 US presidential election.

In 2021, Hawkfish announced it was closing down.

## InfoBox

Hawkfish LLC
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Political analysis |
| Founded | Spring 2019 |
| Founder | Michael Bloomberg |
| Headquarters | New York, New York, United States |
| Key people |  |
| Number of employees | Over 200 people |


title: Naveen Malik

abstract: Naveen Malik is an Indian freestyle wrestler. He participated in the 2022 Commonwealth Games, winning the gold medal in the men's freestyle 74 kg. He defeated Muhammad Sharif Tahir of Pakistan in the finals with score 9-0. He competed in the 70 kg event at the 2022 World Wrestling Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia.

text:
# Naveen Malik

**Naveen Malik** (born 21 November 2002) is an Indian freestyle wrestler. He participated in the 2022 Commonwealth Games, winning the gold medal in the men's freestyle 74 kg. He defeated Muhammad Sharif Tahir of Pakistan in the finals with score 9-0.

He competed in the 70 kg event at the 2022 World Wrestling Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia.

## InfoBox

Naveen Malik
| Malik in August 2022 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (2002-11-21) 21 November 2002 |
| Sport | |
| Country | India |
| Sport | Amateur wrestling |
| Event | Freestyle |
| Coached by | Kuldeep Singh |
| Medal record      Men's freestyle wrestling   Representing   India   Commonwealth Games   2022 Birmingham  74 kg  Asian Championships   2022 Ulaanbaatar  70 kg | |


title: Naveen Market

abstract: Naveen Market(Hindi:नवीन मार्केट)(Urdu:نویں مارکیٹ ), earlier King's Market is one of the most popular markets in the Indian city of Kanpur. The market is situated in the North Central region of Kanpur city and is the most expensive market in the city with leather, garments, perfumes and jewellery shops as main attractions. The famous "The Landmark Hotel" and Som Dutt Plaza are situated near Naveen Market. The shops at the market are all of same colour and are situated inside old colonial buildings. Naveen Market along with PPN Market adjacent to it is the example of modern and planned market.

text:
# Naveen Market

**Naveen Market**(Hindi:नवीन मार्केट)(Urdu:نویں مارکیٹ ), earlier *King's Market* (during British rule) is one of the most popular markets in the Indian city of Kanpur. The market is situated in the North Central region of Kanpur city and is the most expensive market in the city with leather, garments, perfumes and jewellery shops as main attractions. The famous "The Landmark Hotel" and Som Dutt Plaza are situated near Naveen Market. The shops at the market are all of same colour and are situated inside old colonial buildings. Naveen Market along with PPN Market adjacent to it is the example of modern and planned market.

## History

Naveen Market was previously known as 'Refugee Market'. When refugees from Punjab came to Delhi, in the aftermath of partition in 1947, they found the city in murderous riots. So, many of them continued further East to make Kanpur their home. They were provided with small houses in a suburban locality, aptly named “Lajpat Nagar”, and small wooden kiosks in a market in the heart of the city. With their industry, the refugees turned it into the posh Naveen Market and Lajpat Nagar had become a colony of rich houses by 1970s.

## Developments

The government has developed a multilevel parking near Naveen Market on either side of Mall Road which is to be connected through a subway to Naveen Market and a pedestrian overpass which shall have escalators and elevators. Naveen Market is in the phase of major renovation currently as there has been provision of setting up benches and high quality street lights along with other beautification works.

## Incidents and accidents

* On October 2, 2015 fire broke out at a restaurant building due to short circuit and a crockery store burned down


title: National Trading Limited

abstract: National Trading Limited is the parent company that monitors all aspects of trading in Nepal. It is part of the Ministry of Commerce of the Government of Nepal (GoN). The National Trading Limited Board of Directors has five members, and is responsible for formulating short and long-term policies on NTL's periodical plans, programmers and policies. The chairman and the General Manager are responsible for the appropriate execution of the plans, programmers and policies formulated and decided by the Board. The chairman and the board member are all appointees of GoN.).

text:
# National Trading Limited

**National Trading Limited** is the parent company that monitors all aspects of trading in Nepal. It is part of the Ministry of Commerce of the Government of Nepal (GoN). The National Trading Limited Board of Directors has five members, and is responsible for formulating short and long-term policies on NTL's periodical plans, programmers and policies. The chairman and the General Manager are responsible for the appropriate execution of the plans, programmers and policies formulated and decided by the Board. The chairman and the board member are all appointees of GoN.).

## Objective

* To stabiles the price of construction materials and industrial raw materials needed for the country both by local purchase and import.
* To maintain stable price through increase in supply by importing the necessary consumer goods of general public.
* To supply bonded ware house and duty-free goods.
* To act as an agent of Government of Nepal in the matter of import and distribution of the goods, which the GoN has to import, and distribution time to time and to handle the commodity-aids goods received for GoN.
* To engage in agencies business by getting the agent through producer for the products in which NTL is dealing.
* To earn reasonable profit in return of GoN's investment.


title: Hazlitt Beatty

abstract: Hazlitt Michael Beatty was Cape Government Railways Locomotive Superintendent (1885-1896) and Cape Government Railways Chief Locomotive Superintendent (1896-1910).

text:
# Hazlitt Beatty

**Hazlitt Michael Beatty** was Cape Government Railways (Western System) Locomotive Superintendent (1885-1896) and Cape Government Railways Chief Locomotive Superintendent (1896-1910).

## Locomotives

By 1901, it was becoming increasingly apparent that a larger and more powerful version of the successful Cape Government Railways 6th Class locomotives would require fireboxes with appreciably larger grate areas. This was not possible with the existing type of frame on a Cape gauge locomotive, where the firebox was arranged between the rearmost coupled wheels. To overcome this problem, Beatty prepared designs for a new Cape 6th Class locomotive with a 2-6-2 wheel arrangement of which the frame terminated in front of the firebox, where it connected to a casting termed the "bridle casting". This casting extended out on either side and had wider spaced frames attached to its rear, which allowed a wider and deeper firebox. This was the first time that such a method of widening the frame had been used and it proved to be so successful that it was copied widely by both the Natal Government Railways (NGR) and the Central South African Railways (CSAR) in their subsequent locomotive designs. The one disadvantage of the bridle casting was that it proved prone to serious damage in even minor collisions. The design was applied to South African locomotives for many years to come, until boiler centre lines were raised to a height which permitted the main frames to be reduced in depth and therefore to continue right through to the rear buffer beam.

He died in 1916 at Rondebosch.

## InfoBox

| H. M. Beatty | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Died | 1916<br>Rondebosch |
| **Engineering career** | |
| Discipline | Mechanical / Locomotive |
| Employer(s) | Cape Government Railways |
|  | |


title: Haverford College, Pennsylvania

abstract: Haverford College (CDP) is a census-designated place located in Haverford Township, Delaware County, and Lower Merion Township, Montgomery County, in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It corresponds to the campus of Haverford College, located on the southwestern side of U.S. Route 30, approximately 10 miles (16 km) northwest of the city of Philadelphia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,331.

text:
# Haverford College, Pennsylvania

**Haverford College** (CDP) is a census-designated place located in Haverford Township, Delaware County, and Lower Merion Township, Montgomery County, in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It corresponds to the campus of Haverford College, located on the southwestern side of U.S. Route 30, approximately 10 miles (16 km) northwest of the city of Philadelphia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,331.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 1,497 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

1. "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
2. "Census Population API". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
3. Promotions, Center for New Media and. "US Census Bureau 2010 Census".
4. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
5. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.

## InfoBox

| Haverford College (CDP), Pennsylvania | |
| --- | --- |
| Census-designated place | |
| Founders Hall | |
| Location in Delaware County and the state of Pennsylvania | |
| Coordinates: 40°00′29″N 75°18′23″W / 40.00806°N 75.30639°W / 40.00806; -75.30639 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Pennsylvania |
| Counties | Delaware, Montgomery |
| Townships | Haverford, Lower Merion |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.31 sq mi (0.80 km2) |
| Land | 0.30 sq mi (0.79 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.01 km2) |
| Elevation | 351 ft (107 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 1,497 |
| Density | 4,924.34/sq mi (1,900.98/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| FIPS code | 42-33154 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2633706 |


title: Haverslev

abstract: Haverslev is a village, with a population of 772, in Rebild Municipality, North Jutland Region in Denmark. It is located 11 km east of Aars, 14 km south of Støvring, 11 km west of Arden and 10 km north of Nørager Haverslev Church is located in the village.

text:
# Haverslev

**Haverslev** is a village, with a population of 772 (1 January 2024), in Rebild Municipality, North Jutland Region in Denmark. It is located 11 km east of Aars, 14 km south of Støvring, 11 km west of Arden and 10 km north of Nørager

Haverslev Church is located in the village.

## InfoBox

| Haverslev | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Haverslev Church | |
| HaverslevLocation in North Jutland RegionHaverslevHaverslev (Denmark) | |
| Coordinates: 56°47′14″N 9°41′8″E / 56.78722°N 9.68556°E / 56.78722; 9.68556 | |
| Country | Denmark |
| Region | North Jutland Region |
| Municipality | Rebild Municipality |
| Population (2024) | |
| Total | 772 |


title: Navajeevana

abstract: Navajeevana is a 1964 Indian Kannada film, directed by P. S. Murthy and produced by Vadiraj and Jawahar. The film stars K. S. Ashwath, R. N. Sudarshan, Narasimharaju and Rathnakar in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Rajan–Nagendra.

text:
# Navajeevana

***Navajeevana*** (Kannada: ನವಜೀವನ / transl.The New Life) is a 1964 Indian Kannada film, directed by P. S. Murthy and produced by Vadiraj and Jawahar. The film stars K. S. Ashwath, R. N. Sudarshan, Narasimharaju and Rathnakar in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Rajan–Nagendra.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Rajan–Nagendra.

| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics | Length (m:ss) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Ide Ide Savi Baladina" | P. B. Sreenivas, S. Janaki | Sorat Aswath | 03:16 |
| 2 | "Preethe Honale" | P. Susheela | Sorat Aswath | 03:34 |
| 3 | "Bhama Bhama" | Nagendra Rao, L. R. Eswari | Sorat Aswath | 03:09 |
| 4 | "Kareye Kogile" | S. Janaki | Sorat Aswath | 03:10 |
| 5 | "Leelamaya He Deva" | P. Susheela | Sorat Aswath | 03:18 |
| 6 | "Yo Yo Yaam Yaam" | P. B. Sreenivas | Sorat Aswath | 02:47 |

## InfoBox

| Navajeevana | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | P. S. Murthy |
| Written by | Sorat Ashwath (dialogues) |
| Screenplay by | Sorat Ashwath |
| Story by | Rasavadi |
| Produced by | Vadiraj
Jawahar |
| Starring | K. S. Ashwath
R. N. Sudarshan
Narasimharaju
Rathnakar |
| Cinematography | R. Madhu |
| Edited by | P. S. Murthy |
| Music by | Rajan–Nagendra |
| Production
company | Sri Bharathi Chithra |
| Distributed by | Sri Bharathi Chithra |
| Release date | * 21 February 1964 (1964-02-21) |
| Running time | 135 min |
| Country | India |
| Language | Kannada |


title: Navajo, San Diego

abstract: Navajo is a hilly community in San Diego, California, near East County. It is a designated planning area for the city of San Diego. It includes the neighborhoods of Del Cerro, Grantville, San Carlos, and Allied Gardens. The area encompasses approximately 14 square miles (36 km⁲). Its boundaries are Interstate 8 on the south, La Mesa on the southeast, El Cajon and Santee on the east, and the San Diego River on the north. Navajo is known for its natural attractions such as Mission Trails Regional Park, Lake Murray, and the San Diego River. The community was named for Navajo Road, a major street that runs through the area. The area is also served by the San Diego Trolley.

text:
# Navajo, San Diego

**Navajo** is a hilly community in San Diego, California, near East County. It is a designated planning area for the city of San Diego. It includes the neighborhoods of Del Cerro, Grantville, San Carlos, and Allied Gardens.

The area encompasses approximately 14 square miles (36 km2). Its boundaries are Interstate 8 on the south, La Mesa on the southeast, El Cajon and Santee on the east, and the San Diego River on the north.

Navajo is known for its natural attractions such as Mission Trails Regional Park, Lake Murray, and the San Diego River. The community was named for Navajo Road, a major street that runs through the area.

The area is also served by the San Diego Trolley.

32°47′29.25″N 117°4′32.9″W / 32.7914583°N 117.075806°W / 32.7914583; -117.075806


title: Naylor House

abstract: The Naylor House is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. Thomas Naylor was born in England and became a prominent grocer in Des Moines. He had this two-story brick Victorian house built in 1869. It is believed to have been designed by Des Moines architect William Foster. The house features an irregular plan, a combination gable-hip roof, two Carpenter Gothic wood porches, a bay window, pre-cast cement window hoods in an Eastlake design, paired roof brackets, and cornice returns on the gable ends. It remained in the Naylor family for almost 100 years. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

text:
# Naylor House

The **Naylor House** is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. Thomas Naylor was born in England and became a prominent grocer in Des Moines. He had this two-story brick Victorian house built in 1869. It is believed to have been designed by Des Moines architect William Foster. The house features an irregular plan, a combination gable-hip roof, two Carpenter Gothic wood porches, a bay window, pre-cast cement window hoods in an Eastlake design, paired roof brackets, and cornice returns on the gable ends. It remained in the Naylor family for almost 100 years. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Naylor House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 944 9th St.<br>Des Moines, Iowa |
| Coordinates | 41°35′41.6″N 93°37′46.3″W / 41.594889°N 93.629528°W / 41.594889; -93.629528 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1869 |
| Architect | William Foster |
| NRHP reference No. | 74000806 |
| Added to NRHP | July 10, 1974 |


title: Naylor TF 1700

abstract: The Naylor TF 1700 is a British sports car built in the 1980s by Naylor Cars, Ltd., located in Shipley, West Yorkshire, England. Presented in 1984, it was the brainchild of Alastair Naylor and was developed together with Alan Staniforth.

text:
# Naylor TF 1700

The **Naylor TF 1700** is a British sports car built in the 1980s by Naylor Cars, Ltd., located in Shipley, West Yorkshire, England. Presented in 1984, it was the brainchild of Alastair Naylor and was developed together with Alan Staniforth.

## Design

The two-seater steel roadster bodywork was an unusually faithful replica of the celebrated MG TF. As with the MG TF, the TF 1700 had a front engine and rear-wheel drive. The Naylor was also uncommonly well-equipped (and as a result expensive), with Connolly leather interior and real spoked wheels. Its price in 1985 was GBP13,950, only forty pounds less than the considerably more powerful Morgan Plus 8 Injection. Like the Morgan, the Naylor has a body constructed from metal panels attached to a wooden body-frame constructed from ash wood (not to be confused with the chassis, which is steel in both the Naylor and the Morgan). Most of the car's mechanicals came straight from the Morris Marina/Ital, including the 1.7 litre SOHC O-series engine with 77 hp (57 kW) and the four-speed manual transmission. The rear axle was the Marina's live unit with coil springs. The front suspension is independent, with coil sprung MacPherson struts, and a rack-and-pinion steering. Top speed is 94 mph (151 km/h). The TF 1700 was fully type-approved and came with a warranty from the Austin Rover Group.

## History

Naylor moved to a new factory in April 1985, after which production was ramped up. Naylor worked steadily to improve the car and to make its handling characteristics close to those of the original, depending on Lotus' chassis expertise. About 100 cars were built by Naylor until the company went bankrupt in 1986, in some part due to the company's not being able to shake the kit car image. This was in spite of Margaret Thatcher allowing herself to be photographed driving a Naylor in front of 10 Downing Street, part of an effort to inspire small British manufacturers. The car in question (pictured in the infobox) had licence plate D414HYG and was the 100th TF 1700 built. The Naylor venture helped establish the pattern of cooperation between Austin Rover and the British Motor Industry Heritage which led to the production of the RV8.

## Hutson TF

The project, factory and all, was passed into the hands of Maurice Hutson's Mahcon (**M**aurice **A**rthur **H**utson **Con**struction) group in 1986. They kept building it as Naylor Sports Cars, Ltd., until the Hutson Motor Company was formed in 1988 and started selling the car as the Hutson TF 1700. About 61 more finished cars were built by Hutson, the last example being finished in 1991. A small number of kit car versions were also sold, under the name Mahcon.

## InfoBox

| Naylor TF 1700 | |
| --- | --- |
| Naylor TF 1700 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | * Naylor Cars (1985-1986) * Hutson Motor Company (1988-1991) |
| Also called | Hutson TF 1700<br>Mahcon TF 1700 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door, 2-seat roadster |
| Layout | Front-engine, RWD |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1,695 cc *O-series* I4 |
| Transmission | 4-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,400 mm (94 in) |
| Curb weight | 868 kg (1,914 lb) |


title: Hayden Lockhart

abstract: Hayden James Lockhart is a retired United States Air Force officer who is best known for being the first U.S. Air Force pilot to be shot down in North Vietnam.

text:
# Hayden Lockhart

**Hayden James Lockhart** (born June 16, 1938) is a retired United States Air Force officer who is best known for being the first U.S. Air Force pilot to be shot down in North Vietnam.

## Early life

Lockhart was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and graduated in 1961 from the United States Air Force Academy at Colorado Springs, Colorado.

## Military career

### Early career

Lockhart was originally stationed at Luke Air Force Base, where he attended Fighter Gunnery School.

Lockhart was commissioned a second lieutenant on June 7, 1961. He was assigned to the 613th Tactical Fighter Squadron, flying the North American F-100 Super Sabre. He arrived in Vietnam in 1964.

### Vietnam shoot down

Lockhart was shot down March 2, 1965, when he was forced to eject over North Vietnam. After his ejection he evaded capture until March 12, 1965.

“…By summer 1965, more than thirty American airmen had been killed or were presumed missing in action and a dozen had been captured, including the first Air Force POW, Lieutenant Hayden Lockhart. The Navy pilots in this group included Lieutenant Commanders Robert H Shumaker, Raymond Vohden and Lieutenants Phillip Butler and John McKamey…"

### Prisoner of War in North Vietnam: 1965 to 1973

Hayden was the third American captured in North Vietnam, and the first Air Force pilot captured in the North during the Vietnam War.

Lockhart spent his time in captivity at several prisoner of war (POW) locations: New Guy Village 1965; Heartbreak Hotel 1965; The Briarpatch in August 1965; Zoo 1966; Zoo Annex 1967; Camp Unity at Hỏa Lò Prison (also known as the Hanoi Hilton); Dogpatch (9 miles south of the Chinese border) May 1972; and Hỏa Lò prison again in January 1973.

On July 6, 1966, 52 US prisoners of war were taken on the March of Hanoi. The prisoners were paraded, handcuffed in pairs, and marched down the main street of Hanoi while angry crowds of people screamed, spat and threw objects at them. A photograph, (published in *Look* magazine in 1970) showed Lockhart supporting fellow prisoner of war, Phil Butler, who was dazed after being struck by a thrown bottle.

The prisoners supported each other and communicated using a tap code that Lockhart's fellow POW, Carlyle "Smitty" Harris, had learned in a survival school. He was released during "Operation Homecoming" on February 12, 1973.

### After release

Lockhart received an Air Force Institute of Technology assignment to the University of Southern California at Los Angeles to complete his graduate degree.

### After Vietnam

Lockheart's final assignment was on the staff of the Air Force Inspection and Safety Center at Norton AFB, California, from February 1980 until his retirement from the Air Force on December 31, 1981.

Lockhart retired as a lieutenant colonel in 1981.

## Honors and awards

Hayden Lockhart Awards and honorsSilver StarPrisoner of War Medal

Lockhart received the Silver Star, Legion of Merit, Distinguished Flying Cross and Prisoner of War Medal, all after his service in the Vietnam War.

## Bibliography

1. Alvarez, Everett and Schreiner, Samuel. Code of Conduct: An Inspirational story of self-healing by the famed ex-pow and war hero, (1991) Donald L Fine, publisher New York. ISBN 1556113102
2. Borling, John: Taps on the Walls: Poems from the Hanoi Hilton, Master Wing Publishing, Pritzker Military Museum and Library 2013 first published as *Poems for Pilots (and other people.)* ISBN 978-0-615-65905-3
3. Head, William and Grinter Lawrence E*;* Looking Back on the Vietnam War: A 1990's Perspective on the Decisions, Combat, and Legacies. 1993 Greenwood Press, Westport Connecticut ISBN 0-313-28869-0
4. Wyatt, Captain and Mrs. Frederick A. Wyatt. We Came Home (1977) POW publications; Toluca Lake CA.
5. Coffee, Gerald. Beyond Survival: Building on the Hard Times- a POW's inspiring story. (1990) GP Putnam's Sons New York ISBN 0399134166

## InfoBox

| Hayden Lockhart | |
| --- | --- |
| Lockhart in 1973 | |
| Born | (1938-06-16) June 16, 1938
Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Service/branch | United States Air Force |
| Years of service | 1961–1981 |
| Rank | Lieutenant Colonel |
| Unit | 613th Tactical Fighter Squadron |
| Battles/wars | Vietnam War |
| Awards | Silver Star
Legion of Merit
Distinguished Flying Cross
Bronze Star Medal (2) |


title: He Binglin

abstract: He Binglin was a Chinese chemist born in Panyu County, Guangdong Province in China. He studied chemistry in the Southwestern Associated University in Kunming, and graduated in 1942 before he went to Indiana University Bloomington, where he obtained his Ph.D. in chemistry in 1952. He returned to China and became a professor in Nankai University in Tianjin, where he set up the Polymer Chemistry Division in 1958. A variety of polymeric ion exchange resins, including strongly and weakly cationic and anionic exchangers, were developed in the research laboratories at Nankai and he also set up a factory administered by the university to produce a series of ion-exchangers for various applications. He is regarded as the founder of China's industry for ion exchange resins. In 1983, he became the founding director of the Institute of Polymer Chemistry at Nankai University. He authored several books on polymer chemistry and polymer materials and co-authored over 580 scientific articles. He was also elected to be a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences of China in 1980. He received more than 30 awards for his research work. A statue was erected in 2008 in Nankai University to commemorate his life-time achievements and contribution as an educator and as a prominent chemist.

text:
# He Binglin

**He Binglin** (Chinese: 何炳林, 1916–2007) was a Chinese chemist born in Panyu County, Guangdong Province in China. He studied chemistry in the Southwestern Associated University (Chinese: 西南联合大学) (Nankai University) in Kunming, and graduated in 1942 before he went to Indiana University Bloomington, where he obtained his Ph.D. in chemistry in 1952. He returned to China and became a professor in Nankai University in Tianjin, where he set up the Polymer Chemistry Division in 1958. A variety of polymeric ion exchange resins, including strongly and weakly cationic and anionic exchangers, were developed in the research laboratories at Nankai and he also set up a factory administered by the university to produce a series of ion-exchangers for various applications. He is regarded as the founder of China's industry for ion exchange resins. In 1983, he became the founding director of the Institute of Polymer Chemistry at Nankai University. He authored several books on polymer chemistry and polymer materials and co-authored over 580 scientific articles. He was also elected to be a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences of China in 1980. He received more than 30 awards for his research work.

A statue was erected in 2008 in Nankai University to commemorate his life-time achievements and contribution as an educator and as a prominent chemist.


title: Headquarters Regiment

abstract: Headquarters Regiment was a logistics regiment based at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina and falls under the command of the 2nd Marine Logistics Group and the II Marine Expeditionary Force, United States Marine Corps. Headquarters Regiment was redesignated as Combat Logistics Regiment 27.

text:
# Headquarters Regiment

**Headquarters Regiment** (HQ REGT) was a logistics regiment based at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina and falls under the command of the 2nd Marine Logistics Group (2nd MLG) and the II Marine Expeditionary Force (II MEF), United States Marine Corps. Headquarters Regiment was redesignated as Combat Logistics Regiment 27 (CLR 27).

## Mission

Provide combat logistics to 2d Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB) and command, control and coordination of logistics services to II MEF forces. Execute Maritime Pre-positioning Force (MPF) operations in order to achieve rapid build-up of combat power. Provide combat logistics to Marine Expeditionary Units and provide terminal operation support to deploying II MEF forces.

## Subordinate units

Notes  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps. Web

## InfoBox

| Headquarters Regiment | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Branch | United States Marine Corps |
| Type | Logistics |
| Part of | 2nd Marine Logistics Group
II Marine Expeditionary Force |
| Garrison/HQ | Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune |
| Motto(s) | Warriors sustaining warriors |
| Engagements | **Operation Iraqi Freedom** |
| Commanders | |
| Current
commander | None |


title: Heidi Ravven

abstract: Heidi M. Ravven is the Bates and Benjamin Professor of Classical and Religious Studies at Hamilton College, where she has taught her specialization, Jewish Philosophy, and general Jewish Studies since 1983. She is a Fellow in Neurophilosophy of the Integrative Neurosciences Research Program, which is co-directed by Vilayanur Ramachandran and Kjell Fuxe. She has been appointed Visiting Professor of Philosophy in the School of Marxism at Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China, for 2017-20. Professor Ravven holds a Ph.D. from Brandeis University (1984), attended Smith College, and is a 1970 graduate of the Commonwealth School, Boston. Ravven was a founding member of the Society for Empirical Ethics, an organization devoted to promoting dialogue among philosophers, neurobiologists, psychologists, anthropologists, and other social and natural scientists about ethics.

text:
# Heidi Ravven

**Heidi M. Ravven** (born 1952) is the Bates and Benjamin Professor of Classical and Religious Studies at Hamilton College, where she has taught her specialization, Jewish Philosophy, and general Jewish Studies since 1983. She is a Fellow in Neurophilosophy of the Integrative Neurosciences Research Program, which is co-directed by Vilayanur Ramachandran and Kjell Fuxe. She has been appointed Visiting Professor of Philosophy in the School of Marxism at Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China, for 2017-20.

Professor Ravven holds a Ph.D. from Brandeis University (1984), attended Smith College, and is a 1970 graduate of the Commonwealth School, Boston. Ravven was a founding member of the Society for Empirical Ethics, an organization devoted to promoting dialogue among philosophers, neurobiologists, psychologists, anthropologists, and other social and natural scientists about ethics.

## Career

Ravven is a neurophilosopher and specialist on the philosophy of the seventeenth century philosopher, Baruch Spinoza. She was the first to argue that Spinoza's moral philosophy is a systems theory of ethics. Ravven was also the first philosopher to propose that Spinoza anticipated central discoveries in the neuroscience of the emotions. Ravven has published widely on Spinoza's philosophic thought, on the twelfth century philosopher Moses Maimonides, on G.W.F. Hegel and feminism, and on Jewish ethics and Jewish feminism.

She has been active in the Academy for Jewish Philosophy, the International Neuroethics Society, the North American Spinoza Society, and is a member of the American Philosophical Association, the Association for Jewish Studies, the International Academy of Law and Mental Health, and the Society for Jewish Ethics. Ravven is a past member of the Advisory Editorial Board of the *Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics, and Informatics*. She is responsible for advising and editorial activities in two areas: in Neurophilosophy and also in Ethics.

In 2004 Ravven received an unsolicited $500,000 grant from the Ford Foundation to write a book rethinking ethics. That book, *The Self Beyond Itself: An Alternative History of Ethics, the New Brain Sciences, and the Myth of Free Will* was published by The New Press in May, 2013. It is an extended and multidisciplinary inquiry into moral agency: why we are moral, why and when we are not, and how to get people to be more moral. Ravven concludes with her own theory of moral agency inspired by the philosophy of Spinoza, which she updates to reflect contemporary understandings of how the brain/mind works in moral thinking and action. The book is accessibly written for a generally educated audience rather than just for specialists.

## Writings

In *The Self Beyond Itself: An Alternative History of Ethics, the New Brain Sciences, and the Myth of Free Will,* Ravven challenges the idea of free will. Attributing free will to human beings means that human beings have the capacity to rise above both nature and nurture and even current situation to be good people and choose to act ethically. This capacity to choose our actions—to rise above our genetic inheritance whatever it might be, above our upbringing no matter how terrible it was, and above our present situation despite its social pressures—is what is meant by "free will." We do moral acts for moral reasons, for no other fully determining reasons, and out of no other fully determining causes—such as brain modules, group pressures, or upbringing. And that is why we can be held morally responsible. Ravven argues that this view is false and also that it is a cultural belief particular to the Western world. She traces the belief in free will to a theological myth and notion of human nature, and exposes the origins of the idea of free will in the Christian theology of the Latin West originating in the Church Father St. Augustine. She describes how that theology became secularized so that many today are unaware than free will presupposes a human person beyond nature and environment who can intervene as if from above (like an all-powerful God). "The Self Beyond Itself" was translated into Chinese under the direction of Professor Han Quihong of Northeast Normal University in Changchun, China, and published by the People's Publishing House in 2016.

Ravven turns to search the new brain sciences to discover new ways that moral agency could be rethought without free will. She concludes that there are three factors that together determine action: nature (biology, etc.), nurture (biography, history, culture, language, etc.), and present situation (social belonging and its demands, incentives, and disincentives, and the like). So the most effective way of changing individual behavior is to intervene in social and cultural and familial systems at every scale. Promoting and bolstering diversity and whistle blowing within all these systems is vital to combating the tendencies to Groupthink that human nature makes us all too prone to. For we are social and contextual beings—our brains have evolved that way. Nevertheless, as Spinoza anticipated, an arduous path of the education of desire can lead to independence of mind from the tyranny of the immediate local world for those who undertake it. We can learn to be good even if we cannot freely choose to be good.

Heidi Ravven has written extensively on the philosophy of Baruch Spinoza. Her articles appear in a number of journals and several have been republished in anthologies. Ravven believes that Spinoza's philosophy is the best starting point for trying to integrate the evidence emerging from the new brain sciences into a viable model of the basic moral brain, the optimal route to its development, and the implications of such a view for how social, legal, political, and other institutions and practices might to be redesigned. Ravven is now engaged in writing a book accessible to a generally educated audience on the relevance of Spinoza, called *The Return of Spinoza.*

## Bibliography

### Books

* *Jewish Themes in Spinoza's Philosophy* (State University of New York Press 2002)
* *The Self Beyond Itself: An Alternative History of Ethics, the New Brain Sciences, and the Myth of Free Will* (The New Press, forthcoming 2013)

### Selected articles

* Introduction to *Benedict de Spinoza: 'Theological-Political Treatise.'* New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 2009.
* "What Spinoza Can Teach Us About Embodying and Naturalizing Ethics." in *Spinoza*. Ed. Genevieve Lloyd, Moira Gatens, 2006.
* "What Can Spinoza Teach Us Today About Naturalizing Ethics? Provincializing Philosophical Ethics and Freedom without Free Will," in *Cognitive, Emotive, and Ethical Aspects of Decision Making in Humans and in Artificial Intelligence* 3. (2005)
* Introduction to *Benedict de Spinoza: 'Ethics' and 'On the Improvement of the Understanding.'* New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 2005.
* "Spinoza's Systems Theory of Ethics." in *Cognitive, Emotive, and Ethical Aspects of Decision Making in Humans and in Artificial Intelligence* 3. (2004)
* "Was Spinoza Right About Ethics? A Look at Recent Discoveries in the Neurobiology of the Emotions," in *Studia Spinoza* 14. (2004)
* "Spinoza's Ethic of the Liberation of Desire." in *Women and Gender in Jewish Philosophy*. Ed. Hava Tirosh-Samuelson, 2004.
* "Spinoza's anticipation of contemporary affective neuroscience," in *Consciousness & Emotion* 4. (2003)
* "Spinoza's individualism reconsidered: some lessons from the Short Treatise on God, Man, and His Well-Being" in Volume I CONTEXT, SOURCES, AND EARLY WRITINGS of Routledge Critical Assessments of Leading Philosophers: Spinoza, edited byGenevieve Lloyd, 2001
* "Some Thoughts on What Spinoza Learned from Maimonides about the Prophetic Imagination," The Journal of the History of Philosophy (two-part articleserialized in the April and July, 2001 issues: Volume XXIX, Numbers 3 & 4)
* "The Garden of Eden: Spinoza's Maimonidean Account of the Genealogy of Morals and the Origin of Society" in Philosophy and Theology, Volume 13, Number 1 (2001)
* "Has Hegel Anything to Say to Feminists?" in The International Libraryof Critical Essays in the History of Philosophy Series: Volume II HEGEL, David Lamb, ed. (Tom D. Campbell, General Editor of the Series), Aldershot, UK:Ashgate: International Publishing in the Social Sciences and Humanities,(1998).

## Further reading

* *Expressionism in Philosophy: Spinoza*, GillesDeleuze (1992)
* *Spinoza and Politics*, Etienne Balibar
* *Bodies, Masses, and Power: Spinoza and His Contemporaries,* Warren Montag
* *The New Spinoza,* Warren Montag and Ted Stolze, editors
* *Spinoza and Other Heretics,* Yirmiyahu Yovel (two volumes)
* T*he Archaeology of Mind: Neuroevolutionary Origins of Human Emotions* (Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology), Jaak Panksepp, 2012


abstract: Edward Heathcote Williams was a New Zealand lawyer, farmer and cricket administrator.

text:
# Heathcote Williams (cricket administrator)

**Edward Heathcote Williams** (23 March 1859 – 28 November 1931) was a New Zealand lawyer, farmer and cricket administrator.

## Early life and family

Heathcote Williams was one of 11 children, eight boys and three girls, to John William Williams and Sarah nee Busby. His father was a New Zealand politician, and his grandfather Henry Williams was a missionary who arrived in New Zealand in 1823. His maternal grandfather was James Busby, the British Resident in New Zealand, who arrived in 1833. One of his brothers, Kenneth, was also a New Zealand politician.

Williams was educated at Auckland Grammar School. After three years working in a bank in Wellington he was articled to a lawyer there. He was admitted as a barrister and solicitor in 1883, and began practising in Hastings in 1884. He opened an office in Napier in 1888. He was for many years the borough solicitor for Hastings.

## Cricket career

Heathcote Williams' playing record was modest – one first-class match for Hawke's Bay in 1891–92 when he captained his side to an innings victory over Taranaki – but he became one of the leading cricket administrators in New Zealand.

He was the president of the Hawke's Bay Cricket Association from 1892 until his death in 1931. In Christchurch on 27 December 1894, as a delegate from Hawke's Bay, he presided at a meeting of 12 delegates from around New Zealand at which the New Zealand Cricket Council was formed. He was elected the inaugural president. In all he served as president of the Council eight times.

## InfoBox

Heathcote Williams
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Edward Heathcote Williams |
| Born | (1859-03-23)23 March 1859
Pakaraka, Northland, New Zealand |
| Died | 28 November 1931(1931-11-28) (aged 72)
Auckland, New Zealand |
| Relations | Henry Williams (grandfather)
James Busby (grandfather)
John William Williams (father)
Kenneth Williams (brother) |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1891–92 | Hawke's Bay |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class  Matches 1  Runs scored 4  Batting average 4.00  100s/50s 0/0  Top score 4  Catches/stumpings 0/0 | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 26 April 2022 | |