title: Parelheiros (district of São Paulo)

abstract: Parelheiros is one of 96 districts of the city of São Paulo. Located in the subprefecture of Parelheiros in the extreme south of the city, it is one of the largest and most rural districts. Very little of this area is inhabited, and is covered with reserves of the Atlantic Forest. In Parelheiros there are also two indigenous villages of a Guaraní subgroup with about one thousand residents. The region also received many German immigrants in the beginning of 1800. The inhabitants of the place have the lowest purchasing power of the city. The district is poorly served by public transport and roads; there is little connection to the central districts of the city. The Parelheiros district covers 153 km⁲, the second largest in the city after neighboring Marsilac. The area consists largely of protected springs, wetlands, and Atlantic Forest. It includes parts of the drainage basins of the Guarapiranga and Billings Reservoirs, which supply approximately 30% of the population of Greater São Paulo with electricity. The 4.4 km diameter Colônia crater is a geologic feature in the area, believed to have been created by a meteorite many millions of years ago. The area of the crater has been protected by the State Secretary of Culture since 2003. Originally inhabited by Tupi Indians, in the 20th century a Guaraní subgroup established itself there and today there are two villages of the Guaranís—Aldeia Krukutu and Morro da Saudade. In January 2015, the city of São Paulo estimated that more than 40,000 people live in the Vargem Grande neighborhood, located inside the Colônia crater. Vargem Grande began with a land purchase in 1986 by a group representing 3000 people who lived in favelas in nearby neighborhood of Grajaú. In spite of the restrictions imposed by the environmental legislation, the area faces problems associated with urbanization, including irregular housing, deforestation, real estate development, and water pollution.

text:
# Parelheiros (district of São Paulo)

**Parelheiros** is one of 96 districts of the city of São Paulo. Located in the subprefecture of Parelheiros in the extreme south of the city, it is one of the largest and most rural districts. Very little of this area is inhabited, and is covered with reserves of the Atlantic Forest. In Parelheiros there are also two indigenous villages of a Guaraní subgroup with about one thousand residents. The region also received many German immigrants in the beginning of 1800. The inhabitants of the place have the lowest purchasing power of the city. The district is poorly served by public transport and roads; there is little connection to the central districts of the city.

The Parelheiros district covers 153 km2, the second largest in the city after neighboring Marsilac. The area consists largely of protected springs, wetlands, and Atlantic Forest. It includes parts of the drainage basins of the Guarapiranga and Billings Reservoirs, which supply approximately 30% of the population of Greater São Paulo with electricity.

The 4.4 km diameter Colônia crater is a geologic feature in the area, believed to have been created by a meteorite many millions of years ago. The area of the crater has been protected by the State Secretary of Culture since 2003.

Originally inhabited by Tupi Indians, in the 20th century a Guaraní subgroup established itself there and today there are two villages of the Guaranís—Aldeia Krukutu and Morro da Saudade. In January 2015, the city of São Paulo estimated that more than 40,000 people live in the Vargem Grande neighborhood, located inside the Colônia crater. Vargem Grande began with a land purchase in 1986 by a group representing 3000 people who lived in favelas in nearby neighborhood of Grajaú.

In spite of the restrictions imposed by the environmental legislation, the area faces problems associated with urbanization, including irregular housing, deforestation, real estate development, and water pollution.

## History

In the region of Parelheiros, there were already some caboclos before the arrival of the Germans (1829). The place received its current name because of the diverse horse-riding races (**parelhas**, in Portuguese) between the Germans and the Brazilians. Before it was known as *Santa Cruz* (Saint Cross), due to the installation of a cross, done by a devotee called Amaro de Pontes.

Parelheiros stands out in relation to the Paulista Colony because a road opened in the 19th century, by Henrique Schunck (German), father of the founder of Cipó (nowadays district of Embu-Guaçu). The street of Parelheiros, nowadays Avenida Sadamu Inoue, connected the villages Embu-Guaçu and São José, where you could leave for the districts Rio Bonito and Santo Amaro, preventing, like this, the passage by the Colony, where there was the oldest road of Conceição.

In the middle of the 20th century, principally after World War II, diverse Japanese people disembarked in Port of Santos. Most of them stayed in the so-called *Cinturão Verde Metropolitano de São Paulo* (Green Metropolitan Belt of São Paulo).

The neighborhoods of Jaceguava and Casa Grande – that are part of the Subprefecture of Parelheiros – were being occupied by Japanese families, where they would dedicate to agricultural labor.

Searching for a cheap accommodation, a very numerous population chose the springs of Santo Amaro to reside. With the possibility of finding lower renting costs or even owning a house, many lots surged, but not without sacrifice. Many of the lots were irregular, due to the publication of the Protection to the Springs law in 1976.

The lack of large spaces in urban areas led to getting into the lands of the caipiras of Santo Amaro, of a soil exhausted by rudimentary houses. Letting their territories was the best way to get away from the problems, for the increase of taxes territories began making the big properties more expensive. The solution was to divide the country houses and farms into lots, giving place to the emergence of towns, gardens, and parks leaving that the interests of the real estate speculation determined the location of home of the hard-working population, increasing, in the delimitation of the urban plan, the disorder in the use of the soil.

## Profile

The Foundation SEADE showed that the young population of this region is the largest in São Paulo.

## Neighborhoods of Parelheiros

23°51′S 46°44′W / 23.850°S 46.733°W / -23.850; -46.733

## InfoBox

| Parelheiros | |
| --- | --- |
| Location of Parelheiros in São Paulo | |
| Country | Brazil |
| State | São Paulo |
| City | São Paulo |
| Government | |
| Type | Subprefecture |
| Subprefect | Abílio José Mendes Gomes |
| Area | |
| Total | 153 km2 (59 sq mi) |
| Population (2007) | |
| Total | 146,212 |
| **HDI** | 0.747 – medium |
| Website | Subprefecture of Parelheiros |


abstract: The International University College of Turin, or IUC Turin, is an independent University founded in 2006 with a grant from the Compagnia di San Paolo and Consiglio Nazionale del Notariato. Teaching at IUC focuses on the interdisciplinary and critical study of law, economics and finance. The IUC is located in the center of the city of Turin, Italy. The Founding President of IUC is Franzo Grande Stevens. Stefano Rodotà served as President until 2014. The current President is Edoardo Reviglio.

text:
# International University College of Turin

45°03′51″N 7°40′46″E / 45.064201°N 7.679331°E / 45.064201; 7.679331

The **International University College of Turin**, or **IUC Turin**, is an independent University founded in 2006 with a grant from the Compagnia di San Paolo and Consiglio Nazionale del Notariato. Teaching at IUC focuses on the interdisciplinary and critical study of law, economics and finance. The IUC is located in the center of the city of Turin, Italy. The Founding President of IUC is Franzo Grande Stevens. Stefano Rodotà served as President until 2014. The current President is Edoardo Reviglio.

## Purpose and programme

The reported aim of the IUC is to further the study of global capitalism and the preparation of an international class of lawyers and finance experts, with a critical policy orientation. The IUC offers a two-year Master of Science in Comparative Law, Economics and Finance (MSc CLEF) degree. Starting in academic year 2010–11, the IUC also offers a one-year LL.M. degree whose title is jointly offered together with University of Turin, University of Eastern Piedmont and Carlo Alberto College. In Academic Year 2016-2017, after its first ten years of existence, IUC offered an entirely newly designed Master of Research in Food Law and Finance. The program, in English, deployed a highly interdisciplinary approach to the Food Chain and its financialization. The degree was granted jointly with the Università Scienze Gastronomiche, established in Pollenzo by Slow Food. The degree program was discontinued in 2018 but the study of the global food chain became part of the general curriculum. A special focus of teaching and research at IUC has traditionally been the study and active defence of water and the commons.

The IUC is a center for the interdisciplinary and critical study of law, economics, finance and the commons. Teachers and students from all over the world (since 2008, over 300 students from 66 countries) gather in Turin to examine the phenomenon of globalization with a particular attention to the conception of achievable long-period policies to govern its effects. To do so, research at the IUC explores the great variety of financial and institutional settings across the world in their analogies and differences to obtain a more realistic and scientific grasp on current global transformations. A successful example of this approach is the IUC Report "At the End of the End of History. Global Legal Standards: Part of the Solution or Part of the Problem?", which was presented at the Seminar "Global Standards in the 21st Century" organized by the G-8 Presidency in Rome in May 2009. The Report calls for a broader understanding of markets and the structural impact of legal institutions on their unfolding needs, and issues a challenge to the biases produced by mainstream theory, while proposing innovative solutions for the harms caused by the recent financial and economic crisis. The teaching and scholarly interest for the commons as an institutional setting for a more ecologically compatible anthropocene has been the most recognisable trademark of IUC. More than 95% of IUC Alumni have received the sort of financial aid that equals free education, allowing the IUC to be one of the few really accessible global institutions of higher education.

## Faculty and academic partnership

The faculty at IUC is a mix of younger academics on a full-time basis and of stellar Associate faculty collaborators including Guido Calabresi (former Dean of the Yale Law School), Duncan Kennedy (Harvard Law School), Joseph Halevi, (Emeritus of Sidney University), Jan Toporowsky (SOAS), Gunther Frankenberg (Frankfurt). Additionally, Gunther Teubner (Goethe University Frankfurt) held a Jean Monnet "ad personam" chair at the International University College of Turin from 2011 to 2013, and served for 2 years as an Academic Coordinator. Former Greek Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis is an Honorary Professor at IUC. Slow Food Founder Carlo Petrini received an Honoris Causa Master of Research at IUC in 2012 and now serves as one of the Directors of the new Food Law and Finance project. The tenth anniversary of IUC was celebrated in January 2017 with a distinguished lecture given by ecologist and system theorist Fritjof Capra. The funding and current IUC Academic Coordinator is Ugo Mattei, full Professor at the universities of California Hastings and Turin. The Director is Giuseppe Mastruzzo PhD.

IUC Turin has partnerships, for student and academic exchanges, with the following universities:

## Campus

The IUC Torino campus is located in the Aurora area of Torino, in via Cigna 37, at the corner with via Pesaro.

## Notes and references

## InfoBox

International University College of Turin
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Private University |
| Established | 2006 |
| Students | 100 (apprx) |
| Location | Turin, Piedmont, Italy |
| Campus | Urban |
| Website | http://www.iuctorino.it/ |


title: Van Zandt County Regional Airport

abstract: Van Zandt County Regional Airport is a city-owned public airport in Wills Point, Van Zandt County, Texas, United States, located about 3.0 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of the central business district. The airport has no IATA or ICAO designation. The facility was previously known as Wills Point Municipal Airport, but the name was changed following the late 2007 approval of a major airport improvement project. The airport is used solely for general aviation purposes.

text:
# Van Zandt County Regional Airport

**Van Zandt County Regional Airport** (FAA LID: **76F**) is a city-owned public airport in Wills Point, Van Zandt County, Texas, United States, located about 3.0 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of the central business district. The airport has no IATA or ICAO designation.

The facility was previously known as **Wills Point Municipal Airport**, but the name was changed following the late 2007 approval of a major airport improvement project.

The airport is used solely for general aviation purposes.

## Facilities

Van Zandt County Regional Airport covers 78 acres (32 ha) at an elevation of 522.0 feet (159.1 m) above mean sea level, and has one runway: Runway 17/35: 3,230 x 50 ft (985 x 15 m), surface: asphalt

For the 12-month period ending 17 May 2016, the airport had 4,800 aircraft operations, an average of 13 per day, all general aviation. At that time, 14 aircraft were based at this airport, 86% single-engined and 14% helicopters, with no multiengined, ultralight, jet, or glider aircraft.

1. "Van Zandt County Regional Airport". City of Wills Point. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
2. FAA Airport Form 5010 for 76F PDF. Federal Aviation Administration, Effective 26 April 2018.
3. "Texas Airport Directory - Wills Point, Van Zandt County Regional (76F)" (PDF). Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
4. "76F Wills Point \[Van Zandt County Regional\], TX, US - Airport". Great Circle Mapper. Retrieved 15 May 2018.

## InfoBox

| Van Zandt County Regional Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Owner | City of Wills Point |
| Serves | Wills Point, Texas |
| Location | 36671 State Highway 64, Wills Point, TX 75169 |
| Elevation AMSL | 522.0 ft / 159.1 m |
| Coordinates | 32°40′53″N 095°59′03″W / 32.68139°N 95.98417°W / 32.68139; -95.98417 |
| Website | https://willspointtx.org/van-zandt-county-regional-airport-2/ |
| Map | |
| **76F** | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  17/35 3,230 985 Asphalt | |
| Statistics (2016) | |
| Aircraft operations 4,800  Based aircraft 14 | |
| Sources: Federal Aviation Administration unless noted otherwise | |


title: Pseudotaxalus

abstract:
Pseudotaxalus is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:
  - Pseudotaxalus alboguttatus Breuning, 1939
  - Pseudotaxalus angustus

text:
# Pseudotaxalus

***Pseudotaxalus*** is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

## InfoBox

| *Pseudotaxalus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Subfamily: | Lamiinae |
| Genus: | *Pseudotaxalus* |
|


title: Nong Het district

abstract: Nong Het District is a district (muang) of Xiangkhouang province in north-central Laos.

text:
# Nong Het district

**Nong Het District**  is a district (*muang*) of Xiangkhouang province in north-central Laos.

19°29′44″N 103°59′13″E / 19.495452°N 103.987002°E / 19.495452; 103.987002

## InfoBox

| Nong Het district ເມືອງໜອງແຮດ | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Nong Het district | |
| Coordinates: 19°29′44″N 103°59′13″E / 19.49556°N 103.98694°E / 19.49556; 103.98694 | |
| Country | Laos |
| Province | Xiangkhouang |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |


title: Papaipema stenocelis

abstract: Papaipema stenocelis, the chain fern borer, is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America. The MONA or Hodges number for Papaipema stenocelis is 9481.

text:
# Papaipema stenocelis

***Papaipema stenocelis***, the **chain fern borer**, is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for *Papaipema stenocelis* is 9481.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Papaipema stenocelis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Noctuidae |
| Genus: | *Papaipema* |
| Species: | ***P. stenocelis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Papaipema stenocelis***<br>(Dyar, 1907) | |
|


title: Tom Clancy's Power Plays

abstract: Tom Clancy's Power Plays is a novel series created by authors Tom Clancy and Martin Greenberg. Each entry in the series is written by Jerome Preisler.

text:
# Tom Clancy's Power Plays

***Tom Clancy's Power Plays*** is a novel series created by authors Tom Clancy and Martin Greenberg. Each entry in the series is written by Jerome Preisler.

## Novel series

| # | Title | Publication date | ISBN | Plot | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | *Politika* | 1997 | ISBN 0-425-16278-8 | In 1999, a deadly terrorist attack stuns the United States, and all evidence points to a member of the Russian Federation's newly formed provisional government. American businessman Roger Gordian finds his multinational corporation and its employees in jeopardy. Determined to find those responsible for the attack, he calls upon his crisis control team to intervene. But Gordian doesn't realize how far the terrorists will go – and how much he has to lose... | Also made into a game for Windows as Tom Clancy's Politika. The book comes with a demo version of the game on mini-CD. |
| 2 | *ruthless.com* | 1998 | ISBN 0-425-16570-1 | In 2000, when American businessman Roger Gordian refuses to sell his sophisticated encryption program to foreign companies, he suddenly finds his company the object of a corporate takeover – and to say it's hostile doesn't even come close. Gordian is the only man who stands between the nation's military software and a powerful circle of drug lords and political extremists who want to put Roger Gordian – and the rest of the free world – out of business for good... | Also made into a game for Windows as Tom Clancy's ruthless.com. |
| 3 | *Shadow Watch* | 1999 | ISBN 0-425-17188-4 | It's 2001, and American businessman Roger Gordian has extended his reach into space. His company has become the principal contractor in the design and manufacture of Orion, a multinational space station. But the Orion project has been targeted by international terrorist Harlan DeVane, whose criminal enterprises thrive on violence and political instability. | Also made into a game for Windows as Tom Clancy's Shadow Watch |
| 4 | *Bio-Strike* | 2000 | ISBN 0-425-17735-1 | In 2001, criminal mastermind Harlan DeVane has developed – and spread – a deadly, genetically engineered "superbug" resistant to all known cures. DeVane plans to auction off the triggering elements to the highest bidder, but first he'll use them to destroy the greatest threat to his operations: Roger Gordian, head of Uplink Technologies. |  |
| 5 | *Cold War* | 2001 | ISBN 0-425-18214-2 | In this novel, an UpLink Mars rover team goes "missing" in a storm. Pete Nimec is sent to oversee the search and rescue when the Antarctic base comes under attack. |  |
| 6 | *Cutting Edge* | 2002 | ISBN 0-425-18705-5 | For UpLink International and Roger Gordian, the Pan-African fiber-optic ring is his most ambitious – and expensive – endeavor to date. His nemesis, Harlan DeVane, is penetrating the network to gain unlimited access to a most valuable product: information. To ensure his success, DeVane kidnaps Gordian's daughter. Now, Gordian must trust his UpLink team as never before, as they fight on land and sea to save his daughter and turn the tables against DeVane... |  |
| 7 | *Zero Hour* | 2003 | ISBN 0-425-19291-1 | In this novel, a radical Pakistan-based terrorist group attempts to use a powerful laser to release a deadly acid vapor cloud over New York City, using gems from Southeast Asia. There is a reference to the author in one of the conversations. |  |
| 8 | *Wild Card* | 2004 | ISBN 0-425-19911-8 | In this novel, Pete Nimec is sent on a "vacation" to a resort on the Island of Trinidad and Tobago. What he finds is a corrupt oil company attempting to sell oil to two of the United States' deadliest enemies: North Korea and Cuba. |  |
|


title: Heather Ward

abstract: Heather Maureen Ward is a former English badminton player who won international championships and competed at an elite level during a two decade span from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s.

text:
# Heather Ward

**Heather Maureen Ward** (later **Heather Nielsen**; born October 1938) is a former English badminton player who won international championships and competed at an elite level during a two decade span from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s.

## Biography

Noted for her grace and athleticism, she won women's doubles with American Margaret Varner at the 1958 All England Badminton Championships (then the world's most prestigious tournament for individual competitors). The following year Ward interrupted the reign of the great Judy Devlin (Hashman) by defeating her in the 1959 All England Badminton Championships women's singles final. During the 1960s her badminton career was hampered by a variety of factors including athletic injury, marriage and motherhood, and residence in South Africa. In 1970, however, she returned to the 1970 All England Badminton Championships to reach the final of women's singles before bowing to Japan's Etsuko Takenaka. Continuing to compete, she was an All-England singles quarter-finalist as late as 1975.

She married Egon Nielsen and they had four children Bjorn, Gorm, Belinda and Anders Nielsen.

## InfoBox

| Heather Ward
(married name Heather Nielsen) | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Country | England |
| Born | October 1938 (age 8586)
Surrey |
| Medal record      Representing  ENG  All England Open Badminton Championships  1958 London  doubles  1959 London  singles | |


title: Whispering Truth to Power

abstract: Whispering Truth to Power: Everyday Resistance to Reconciliation in Postgenocide Rwanda is a 2013 non-fiction book by Susan Thomson, published by University of Wisconsin Press. According to Erin Jessee of University of Strathclyde, the book is part of a trend in which books are "increasingly critical" towards the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), the party governing Rwanda, and the head of said party, Paul Kagame.

text:
# Whispering Truth to Power

***Whispering Truth to Power: Everyday Resistance to Reconciliation in Postgenocide Rwanda*** is a 2013 non-fiction book by Susan Thomson, published by University of Wisconsin Press.

According to Erin Jessee of University of Strathclyde, the book is part of a trend in which books are "increasingly critical" towards the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), the party governing Rwanda, and the head of said party, Paul Kagame.

## Background

The author interviewed 37 people from Rwanda as part of her research. The interviews were done in 2006.

## Contents

The book includes an introduction, a glossary, and six chapters. The introduction covers the research subjects.

The book described the gacaca trials and argues that such involved forced forgiveness of people who committed acts of murder imposed upon relatives of victims and that it did not recognize Hutu people as victims, and that Rwandans responded by refusing to be a part of gacaca and spreading insults against people in the Rwandan government. Maria G. Krause of Queen's University at Kingston stated that the gacaca "reduced and silenced the experiences of many Rwandans".

## Reception

Jessee praised the work as "a solid and engaging book". She stated that it had "rich, ethnographically informed insights". She argued that the work "provides a powerful challenge" to the positive reception of the governance style of the RPF stated by groups outside of Rwanda and by the RPF itself.

Krause praised the book as being "an innovative approach to research in post-genocide Rwandan society."

Silke Oldenburg of the University of Basel praised the data related to ethnography, describing it as "this book's strength". Oldenburg stated that the glossary was "helpful". She however argued that the interview content "seem to confirm too smoothly" the arguments the author makes in the book.

* Jessee, Erin (Fall 2014). "Whispering Truth to Power: Everyday Resistance to Reconciliation in Postgenocide Rwanda". *African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review*. **4** (2). Bloomington, Indiana: 163–166. doi:10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.2.163. ProQuest 2630947030. \- PDF available
* Krause, Maria G. (2014-06-30). "Whispering truth to power: everyday resistance in reconciliation in postgenocide Rwanda". *Ethnic and Racial Studies*. **37** (10): 1961–1963. doi:10.1080/01419870.2014.925130. S2CID 143595019.
* Oldenburg, Silke (April 2015). "Whispering truth to power: Everyday resistance to reconciliation in postgenocide Rwanda". *African Affairs*. **144** (455): 322–323. doi:10.1093/afraf/adv012. JSTOR 43817179. ProQuest 1692298826.

### Notes

## Further reading


title: Jacqueline Richard

abstract: Jacqueline Richard was a Québécoise Canadian pianist and conductor who resigned from the Order of Canada in 2009. Her resignation was in protest of the appointment of abortion provider Henry Morgentaler to the order.

text:
# Jacqueline Richard

**Jacqueline Richard** (March 8, 1928 - August 2, 2015) was a Québécoise Canadian pianist and conductor who resigned from the Order of Canada in 2009. Her resignation was in protest of the appointment of abortion provider Henry Morgentaler to the order.

## Biography

Jacqueline Richard was born March 8, 1928, in Montreal, Quebec.

Richard performed with Jeunesses Musicales Canada, during the years of 1950-1951, 1954-1955, and every year between 1957-1961.

In 1963, she founded the Boutique d'opéra. She presented 75 performances, in two years, of various operatic works including L'Oca del Cairo by Mozart.

In 1984, she co-founded the Atelier lyrique de l'Opéra de Montréal.

In 1985, she retired to coach singers privately.

She died on 2 August 2015 in Montreal.

## Accolades

* Jacqueline Richard was awarded the Quebec Lieutenant-Governor's medal in 1953.
* She was awarded the Order of Canada in 2004.


title: Valentine Delattre

abstract: Valentine Delattre is a French video artist and science journalist. She hosts the YouTube channel Science de comptoir covering topics related to geology.

text:
# Valentine Delattre

**Valentine Delattre** is a French video artist and science journalist. She hosts the YouTube channel **Science de comptoir** covering topics related to geology.

## Early life and education

She showed an interest in geology during her SVT classes in high school.

She holds a bachelor's degree in earth and environmental sciences and a master's degree in science journalism and a master's degree in biology and evolution. She studied at the Université de Montpellier.

## Career

She is the creator of the YouTube channel *Science de comptoir*, where she uses humour to popularise life and earth sciences. She participated in the panel ‘Telling climate stories’, on Friday 9 June 2023 at the EYE2023, during the ESMH summer school ‘Storytelling in science’. She participated at the show on Twitch *Scope*, organised by Arte, too.

In 2024, she participated at the SEZAM campaign, organized by the IFREMER.

## Publications

* Albouy, Camille; Delattre, Valentine L.; Mérigot, Bastien; Meynard, Christine N.; Leprieur, Fabien (2017). Hawkes, Lucy (ed.). "Multifaceted biodiversity hotspots of marine mammals for conservation priorities". *Diversity and Distributions*. **23** (6): 615–626. doi:10.1111/ddi.12556. ISSN 1366-9516.


title: Pseudotelphusa

abstract: Pseudotelphusa is a genus of moths in the family Gelechiidae.

text:
# Pseudotelphusa

***Pseudotelphusa*** is a genus of moths in the family Gelechiidae.

## Species

## Former species

## InfoBox

| *Pseudotelphusa* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Pseudotelphusa scalella | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Gelechiidae |
| Subfamily: | Gelechiinae |
| Tribe: | Litini |
| Genus: | *Pseudotelphusa*<br>Janse, 1958 |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Klaussatleria*  Capuse, 1968 * *Klaussattleria*  Capuse, 1968 * *Sattleria*  Capuse, 1968 | |


title: Arthur C. Bartner

abstract: Arthur Charles Bartner is an American musician best known as the director of Spirit of Troy, the marching band for the University of Southern California, a position he held from 1970 to 2020. During this time he has become closely identified with USC Trojans football and has been credited with establishing the Spirit of Troy as "one of the most-famous bands in America." In addition to his longtime work directing the USC marching band, Bartner also served as director of bands at Davison High School in Davison, Michigan, and as director of the band of the 1984 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Arthur C. Bartner

**Arthur Charles Bartner** (born August 30, 1940) is an American musician best known as the director of Spirit of Troy, the marching band for the University of Southern California, a position he held from 1970 to 2020. During this time he has become closely identified with USC Trojans football and has been credited with establishing the Spirit of Troy as "one of the most-famous bands in America." In addition to his longtime work directing the USC marching band, Bartner also served as director of bands at Davison High School in Davison, Michigan, and as director of the band of the 1984 Summer Olympics.

## Early life and education

Bartner was born and raised in Maplewood, New Jersey. He claims his interest in music began when his older brother started taking trumpet lessons, a path Bartner followed, and crystallized when he saw the United States Marine Band, which had come to perform at his junior high school. At Columbia High School, Bartner earned all-state honors in both trumpet and basketball, and went on to attend the University of Michigan, where he was a member of Sigma Alpha Mu. After a failed try-out for the basketball team, he joined the University of Michigan Marching Band, where he played trumpet from 1958 to 1962. Following graduation in 1962, Bartner went on to earn a Master of Music degree in 1963 and a Doctor of Education in 1971, both also at Michigan. Bartner has credited longtime Michigan band director William D. Revelli as the most important musical influence in his life.

## Career

### Davison High School

Bartner was the band director at Davison High School in Davison, Michigan. During his five years at Davison, Bartner said he doubled the size of the band from 60 to 120 students. During this time he also performed with the Flint Symphony Orchestra in Flint, Michigan.

### USC

Bartner was hired as director of the USC marching band in 1970. When he took over the group, it had 80 members and was derisively known as "the library band." By the late 1970s Bartner had become disappointed in the direction of the group which had become increasingly unruly and insubordinate. Talked out of resigning by university administrators, Bartner adopted a new disciplinarian approach to running the band, banning profanity, hazing and alcohol, and introducing an intensity in rehearsal he borrowed from observing Trojan football practices.

In 1979 the Spirit of Troy recorded *Tusk* with Fleetwood Mac.

Adopting a disciplinarian approach to running the group, Bartner quickly grew its size and energy. In 1973 Diana Ross became the first in a long line of celebrity performers to appear on-field with the USC band.

In 2011 Bartner was inducted into the USC Athletic Hall of Fame.

Bartner announced on November 22, 2019, that he would step down as full-time director at the end of the season, with the intention of remaining with the band in 2020 to help the band transition to a new director. He officially retired after the 2020 season, with Jacob Vogel named as his successor.

## Personal life

Bartner married Barbara Masin, who he met in junior high school, in June 1962; they have two children.

## InfoBox

| Arthur C. Bartner | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1940-08-30) August 30, 1940<br>Maplewood, New Jersey |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | University of Michigan |
| Occupation | Director of Spirit of Troy |
| Years active | 1970 - 2020 |
| Employer | University of Southern California |


title: Jackson Bazaar Youth

abstract: Jackson Bazaar Youth is a 2023 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Shamal Sulaiman and produced by Zakariya Mohammed under the banner of Cross Boarder Camera and Imagine Cinema. The film stars Lukman Avaran, Jaffar Idukki, Indrans, Chinnu Chandni and Fahim Safar. The film's music is composed by Govind Vasantha.

text:
# Jackson Bazaar Youth

***Jackson Bazaar Youth*** is a 2023 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Shamal Sulaiman and produced by Zakariya Mohammed under the banner of Cross Boarder Camera and Imagine Cinema. The film stars Lukman Avaran, Jaffar Idukki, Indrans, Chinnu Chandni and Fahim Safar. The film's music is composed by Govind Vasantha.

## Cast

## Production

The principal photography of the film started in August 2022 in Thenmala and Kollam. The first-look of the film was released by Mammootty. The production company announced that the film will be released on 19 May 2023.

## Reception

S. R. Praveen of *The Hindu* wrote that "An unconvincing mish-mash of issues, without any punch". Vignesh Madhu of *Cinema Express* gave 2.5 stars out of 5 and noted that "the film falters big time by not sustaining the momentum". Princy Alexander of *Onmanorama* wrote that "Jackson Youth Bazaar is a good addition to films in Mollywood that are attempting to stand apart with its theme and treatment".

## InfoBox

| Jackson Bazaar Youth | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Shamal Sulaiman |
| Written by | Usman Marath |
| Produced by | Zakariya Mohammed |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Kannan Patteri |
| Edited by | Appu N. Bhattathiri
Shaijas K. M. |
| Music by | Govind Vasantha |
| Production
companies | Cross Boarder Camera
Imagine Cinema. |
| Distributed by | Central Pictures |
| Release date | * 19 May 2023 (2023-05-19) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Malayalam |


title: Tom Lane (computer scientist)

abstract:
Thomas G. Lane is a computer scientist dedicated to open-source software. In a 2000 survey, he was listed as one of the top 10 contributors to an intended-to-be-representative sample of open-source software, having contributed 0.782% of the total code. Lane's contributions to open-source include:
  - Organizer of the Independent JPEG Group (IJG),
  - Member of the core steering committee of PostgreSQL
  - Co-author of the Portable Network Graphics (PNG) specification
  - Member of the Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) advisory committee
  - Contributor to the Ptolemy Project

text:
# Tom Lane (computer scientist)

**Thomas G. Lane** is a computer scientist dedicated to open-source software. In a 2000 survey, he was listed as one of the top 10 contributors to an intended-to-be-representative sample of open-source software, having contributed 0.782% of the total code.

Lane's contributions to open-source include:

## Biography

Lane holds a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University, awarded in 1990. He occasionally lectures there, and at other places. He has worked for Hewlett-Packard, Structured Software Systems, Great Bridge, Red Hat, Salesforce, and Crunchy Data.

In July 2000, Lane was employed by Great Bridge, one of the first PostgreSQL support companies. However, the firm was dissolved in September 2001 and he moved to Red Hat, a competitor of Great Bridge at the time, to develop their version of PostgreSQL named *Red Hat Database*. The Red Hat Database project was later cancelled, but Lane continued to work there to develop PostgreSQL. Between May 2013 and October 2015, he worked at Salesforce.com. In 2015, Lane began working for Crunchy Data to allow more time to support the PostgreSQL community. Lane is part of the PostgreSQL core team.

## PostgreSQL

Lane is a member of the core PostgreSQL development team. He is involved in all aspects of PostgreSQL, including new features, performance improvements, and bug evaluating and fixing.

## Image formats

### Independent JPEG Group

The Independent JPEG Group (IJG) is an informal group that writes and distributes a widely used free library for JPEG image compression. The IJG is arguably one of the important early open source groups and a major reason why the JPEG image format is a standard.

> Probably the largest and most important contribution however was the work of the Independent JPEG Group (IJG), and Tom Lane in particular. Their Open Source software implementation, as well as being one of the major Open Source packages was key to the success of the JPEG standard and was incorporated by many companies into a variety of products such as image editors and Internet browsers.

The IJG develops and maintains libjpeg, a library written entirely in C which contains a widely used implementation of a JPEG decoder, JPEG encoder and other JPEG utilities.

### PNG

The original specification for the Portable Network Graphics (PNG), version 1.0, was written by Thomas Boutell and Lane, with contributions by many others.

Lane is a contributing editor for PNG Specification, version 1.1.

### TIFF

Lane is a member of the Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) advisory committee.

## Works

## Humor

* In disputing a JPEG patent claim: "The patent describes a three-way symbol classification; the closest analog in JPEG is a two-way classification. If the jury can count higher than two, the case will fail."
* In describing the attention to detail of another software company: "The Single Unix Spec says that getopt() is supposed to be defined by \<unistd.h\>, but I guess reading the spec closely is not a hobby in Redmond..."
* In contributing to: "The Only Coke Machine on the Internet" "Since time immemorial (well, maybe 1970) the Carnegie-Mellon CS department has maintained a departmental Coke machine which sells bottles of Coke for a dime or so less than other vending machines around campus. As no Real Programmer can function without caffeine, the machine is very popular..."
* On idiotic benchmark comparisons: "Try to carry 500 people from Los Angeles to Tokyo in an F-15. No? Try to win a dogfight in a 747. No? But they both fly, so it must be useful to compare them ... especially on the basis of the most simplistic test case you can think of. For extra points, use \*only one\* test case. Perhaps this paper can be described as "comparing an F-15 to a 747 on the basis of required runway length".

## In modern culture

* Mentioned in the Doom 3 video game readme file
* Partly responsible for JPEG being standardized as the dominant computer image format on the World Wide Web

JPEG PostgreSQL Other

## InfoBox

| Tom Lane | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Thomas G. Lane
(1955-09-18) September 18, 1955
Madrid, Spain |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Carnegie Mellon University (Ph.D., 1990) |
| Known for | Independent JPEG Group
PostgreSQL
Portable Network Graphics (PNG) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Computer science |
|  | |


title: Heinrich Gottlieb Tzschirner

abstract: Heinrich Gottlieb Tzschirner was a German Protestant theologian born in Mittweida, Saxony. He studied theology at the University of Leipzig, receiving his habilitation in 1800 with assistance from Dresden examinator Franz Volkmar Reinhard (1753-1812). For a period of time he worked as a private lecturer at the University of Wittenberg, and following his father's death became deacon in his home town of Mittweida. In 1805 he was appointed professor of theology at Wittenberg, later returning to Leipzig (1809), where in 1811 he became rector of the university. In 1813 he joined the Saxon Army as a chaplain during the Napoleonic Wars. He returned to Leipzig the following year, subsequently becoming archdeacon of St. Thomas Church and superintendent of the Diocese of Leipzig. As a theologian, Tzschirner was an advocate of ethical and critical rationalism, believing that common sense morality was the supreme principle of Christianity. In one of his better known works, Protestantismus and Katholicismus aus dem Standpunkte der Politik betrachlet, he staunchly defended the Protestant cause versus Catholicism. In addition to his own written works, he continued publication of Johann Matthias Schröckh's Christliche Kirchengeschichte seit der Reformation after Schröckh's death in 1808.

text:
# Heinrich Gottlieb Tzschirner

**Heinrich Gottlieb Tzschirner** (14 November 1778  17 February 1828) was a German Protestant theologian born in Mittweida, Saxony.

He studied theology at the University of Leipzig, receiving his habilitation in 1800 with assistance from Dresden examinator Franz Volkmar Reinhard (1753-1812). For a period of time he worked as a private lecturer at the University of Wittenberg, and following his father's death became deacon in his home town of Mittweida. In 1805 he was appointed professor of theology at Wittenberg, later returning to Leipzig (1809), where in 1811 he became rector of the university.

In 1813 he joined the Saxon Army as a chaplain during the Napoleonic Wars. He returned to Leipzig the following year, subsequently becoming archdeacon of St. Thomas Church and superintendent of the Diocese of Leipzig.

As a theologian, Tzschirner was an advocate of ethical and critical rationalism, believing that common sense morality was the supreme principle of Christianity. In one of his better known works, *Protestantismus and Katholicismus aus dem Standpunkte der Politik betrachlet*, he staunchly defended the Protestant cause versus Catholicism. In addition to his own written works, he continued publication of Johann Matthias Schröckh's *Christliche Kirchengeschichte seit der Reformation* (Church History since the Reformation) after Schröckh's death in 1808.

## Selected publications

* *Geschichte der Apologetik* (History of apologetics), 1805
* *Ueber die Verwandtschaft der Tugenden und der Laster* (Relationship of virtues and vices), 1809
* *Predigten* (Collection of sermons), 1812
* *Ueber Johann Matthias Schröckh's Leben, Charakter und Schriften* (Johann Matthias Schröckh's life, character and writings), 1812
* *Ueber den Krieg, ein philosophischer Versuch*  (About the war, a philosophical approach), 1815
* *Die Ehe aus dem Gesichtspunkte der Natur, der Moral und der Kirche* (Marriage of the elements of nature, morality and the church), 1819
* *Protestantismus und Katholicismus aus dem Standpuncte der Politik* (Protestantism and Catholicism from a political standpoint), 1822
* *Die Gefahr einer Deutschen Revolution* (The Danger of a German revolution), 1823
* *Der Fall des Heidenthums* (The fall of heathenism), 1829


title: Wierszczyca

abstract: Wierszczyca is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jarczów, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

text:
# Wierszczyca

**Wierszczyca** \[vjɛrʂˈt͡ʂɨt͡sa\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jarczów, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

## InfoBox

| Wierszczyca | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Wierszczyca | |
| Coordinates: 50°26′59″N 23°36′07″E / 50.44972°N 23.60194°E / 50.44972; 23.60194 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lublin |
| County | Tomaszów Lubelski |
| Gmina | Jarczów |
| Population(approx.) | 500 |


title: Parkman Bandstand

abstract: The Parkman Bandstand is a landmark bandstand located on the eastern side of the Boston Common in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It was built in 1912 from a design by Derby, Robinson & Shephard at a cost of $1 million on the site of the Cow Pond, which had been filled in 1838 after cattle-grazing had been outlawed on the Common. Named for George F. Parkman, the bandstand was constructed following his death in 1908, in honor of a $5 million donation he had willed for the care of the Boston Common and other city parks. Parkman was the son of George Parkman, a doctor who had donated land for Harvard Medical School's first campus. The site quickly became noted for the autumnal colonial-themed puppet shows that occurred there starting in 1922. In 1996, the bandstand was restored and is used today for concerts, rallies, and speeches. Recent notable gatherings include the Boston Freedom Rally and a 2007 Presidential Primary rally in which both Barack Obama and Deval Patrick gave speeches from the bandstand.

text:
# Parkman Bandstand

The **Parkman Bandstand** is a landmark bandstand located on the eastern side of the Boston Common in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It was built in 1912 from a design by Derby, Robinson & Shephard at a cost of $1 million on the site of the Cow Pond (also known as the Horse Pond), which had been filled in 1838 after cattle-grazing had been outlawed on the Common.

Named for George F. Parkman, the bandstand was constructed following his death in 1908, in honor of a $5 million donation he had willed for the care of the Boston Common and other city parks. Parkman was the son of George Parkman, a doctor who had donated land for Harvard Medical School's first campus. The site quickly became noted for the autumnal colonial-themed puppet shows that occurred there starting in 1922.

In 1996, the bandstand was restored and is used today for concerts, rallies, and speeches. Recent notable gatherings include the Boston Freedom Rally and a 2007 Presidential Primary rally in which both Barack Obama and Deval Patrick gave speeches from the bandstand.

42°21′12.72″N 71°04′01.34″W / 42.3535333°N 71.0670389°W / 42.3535333; -71.0670389


title: Otello Colangeli

abstract: Otello Colangeli (1912–1998) was an Italian film editor. He worked on over two hundred productions during his career.

text:
# Otello Colangeli

**Otello Colangeli** (1912–1998) was an Italian film editor. He worked on over two hundred productions during his career.

## Selected filmography

## Bibliography

* Roberto Curti. *Italian Crime Filmography, 1968-1980*. McFarland, 2013.

## InfoBox

| Otello Colangeli | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 20 December 1912
Rome, Lazio, Kingdom of Italy |
| Died | 6 January 1998
Rome, Lazio, Italy |
| Occupation | Editor |
| Years active | 1938–1991 |


title: Valentine Dream Date

abstract: "Valentine Dream Date" is the seventh episode and the second holiday special on the part documentary and part rock-mockumentary musical comedy series The Naked Brothers Band, which was created by Polly Draper. The premise of "Valentine's Dream Date" is that Nat is on a dating competition show and his dream date ends up being Victoria Justice, which eventually causes problems with his girl friend Rosalina. Alex also has romantic problems of his own. "Valentine's Dream Date" is part of the Nickelodeon's Crush Weekend, which consists of episode premieres of different TV shows on TEENick that's hosted by iCarly star Miranda Cosgrove and American Idol seventh season's runner-up David Archuleta. Archuleta guest starred on iCarly during the Crush Weekend marathon in 2009.

text:
# Valentine Dream Date

"**Valentine Dream Date**" is the seventh episode and the second holiday special on the part documentary and part rock-mockumentary musical comedy series *The Naked Brothers Band,* which was created by Polly Draper. The premise of "Valentine's Dream Date" is that Nat is on a dating competition show and his dream date ends up being Victoria Justice, which eventually causes problems with his girl friend Rosalina. Alex also has romantic problems of his own.

"Valentine's Dream Date" is part of the Nickelodeon's *Crush Weekend,* which consists of episode premieres of different TV shows on TEENick that's hosted by *iCarly* star Miranda Cosgrove and *American Idol* seventh season's runner-up David Archuleta. Archuleta guest starred on *iCarly* during the *Crush Weekend* marathon in 2009.

## Plot

Nat decides to go on a dating game show to win a dream date with Victoria Justice. Later on, Nat's girl friend Rosalina takes a break from her six-month boat cruise to surprise Nat for a visit, but Nat needs to figure out how to explain to her about the dating game show.

Alex also has dating problems himself; Alex helps his babysitter-tutor Jesse get back together with her ex-boyfriend Abdul, by pretending to be Cupid. Abdul ends up falling in love with Jesse, which causes problems for Alex since he always claimed to be her boyfriend, ever since he was 6-and-a-half-years-old.

## InfoBox

| "**Valentine Dream Date**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *The Naked Brothers Band* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 3
Episode 7 |
| Directed by | Jonathan Judge |
| Written by | Magda Liolis and Polly Draper |
| Featured music | Nat Wolff
Alex Wolff |
| Cinematography by | Ken H. Keller |
| Editing by | Craig Cobb |
| Production code | 308 |
| Original air date | February 7, 2009 (2009-02-07) |
| Guest appearance | |
| Victoria Justice | |
|
|


title: Pseudotaranis strongi

abstract: Pseudotaranis strongi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

text:
# Pseudotaranis strongi

***Pseudotaranis strongi*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

## Description

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off California, USA.

* Arnold, Ralph. *The paleontology and stratigraphy of the marine Pliocene and Pleistocene of San Pedro, California*. Vol. 3. The Academy, 1903.
* McLean J.H. (1996). *The Prosobranchia. In: Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. The Mollusca Part 2 – The Gastropoda*. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. volume 9: 1-160

* Tucker, J.K. (2004). "Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)" (PDF). *Zootaxa*. **682**: 1–1295. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.682.1.1.
* Natural History Museum, Los Angeles: image
* Natural History Museum, Los Angeles: images

## InfoBox

| *Pseudotaranis strongi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Pseudomelatomidae |
| Genus: | *Pseudotaranis* |
| Species: | ***P. strongi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pseudotaranis strongi***<br>(Arnold, 1903) | |
|


title: Nontronnais

abstract: The Nontronnais is a natural region in the northern Dordogne département and therefore part of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It covers the surrounding of the centrally placed subprefecture Nontron. Jules Verne had called the Nontronnais Périgord vert referring to the region's lush vegetation. The term Périgord vert is used mainly in tourism, but is not identical with the Nontronnais, which covers a much smaller area.

text:
# Nontronnais

The **Nontronnais** is a natural region in the northern Dordogne *département* and therefore part of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It covers the surrounding of the centrally placed subprefecture Nontron. Jules Verne had called the Nontronnais Périgord vert (Green Périgord) referring to the region's lush vegetation. The term *Périgord vert* is used mainly in tourism, but is not identical with the Nontronnais, which covers a much smaller area.

## Geography

The Nontronnais is situated in the far north of the Dordogne. Administratively it is composed of the Communauté de communes du Périgord vert nontronnais and the Communauté de communes du Haut-Périgord, which have fused by now to become the Communauté de communes du Périgord Nontronnais. It contains 28 communes and was inhabited in 2014 by 15,567 people. The surface area of the Nontronnais is 560.25 square kilometres resulting in a population density of 28 inhabitants per square kilometre — a rather low figure.

Some authors restrict the Nontronnais only to the Communauté de communes du Périgord vert nontronnais with its 17 communes.

The Nontronnais is surrounded by the following natural regions: in the north by the Pays de la Vienne in the Haute-Vienne département, in the east by the Pays d'Uzerche and by the Pays de Brive in the Corrèze département, in the south by the Périgord central and by the Ribéracois in the Dordogne département and in the west by the Pays d'Horte et Tardoire in the Charente département.

Attributed to the Nontronnais can be four more territories:

Topographically the Nontronnais covers the northwestern fringe of the French Massif Central and this explains why it is sometimes referred to as *Périgord limousin*. Its relief is taken up by undulating plateaus varying in elevation between 200 and 370 meters. These plateaus dip slightly to the southwest and have been incised by the rivers Auvézère, Bandiat, Isle, and Loue, the canyons being covered by abundant vegetation. The local climate is under the influence of the Atlantic Ocean with about a 1000 millimetres in yearly precipitation. This rather damp climate causes a very lush vegetation governed by chestnut, oak, spruce, Scots Pine, ferns, heath, gorse and reeds. .

The touristic term Périgord vert has got a wider definition as it includes besides the Nontronnais also a small part of the northern Périgord central and the Ribéracois, which belong to the Périgord blanc. The latter two territories are underlain by Mesozoic limestones and therefore completely differ geologically from the Nontronnais dominated by Variscan basement rocks.

## Geology

The Nontronnais is traversed from southeast to northwest by a very important geological boundary separating basement rocks in the northeast from flat lying sediments of the Aquitaine Basin in the southwest. This boundary is usually marked by an important fault. The crystalline basement rocks consist of high-grade paragneisses in sillimanite facies and granitoids like the Piégut-Pluviers Granodiorite and the Saint-Mathieu Leucogranite. The sediments of the Aquitaine Basin harbour arkoses, dolomites, shales and various limestones. The border fault starts near Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière, passes near the lower town of Nontron and continues towards Saint-Martin-le-Pin. The fault is mineralized and was mined for lead, zinc and minor silver. As the mining activities aren't economically viable anymore they stopped.

## History

Up to the French Revolution only a few communes in the north of the actual Dordogne département belonged to the Périgord. The parishes of the Archpriest of Nontron were in fact dependent on the Roman Catholic Diocese of Limoges. The vast majority of these parishes was integrated in 1790 into the newly created Dordogne département. Amongst those parishes were Ajat (now Abjat-sur-Bandiat), Augignac, Busseroles (now Busserolles), Champniers et Reillac (since 1847 Champniers-et-Reilhac), La Chapelle-Montmoreau, Connezac, Javerlhac, Saint-Robert (since 1823 Javerlhac-et-la-Chapelle-Saint-Robert), Millac (now Milhac-de-Nontron), Nontron, Nontronneau (now Lussas-et-Nontronneau), Pluviers (now Piégut-Pluviers), Quinsac, Romain (now Champs-Romain), Saint-Angel (now Sceau-Saint-Angel), Saint-Barthélemy (now Saint-Barthélemy-de-Bussière), Saint-Etienne (now Saint-Estèphe), Saint-Front-de-la-Rivière (now Saint-Front-la-Rivière), Saint-Martial (now Saint-Martial-de-Valette), Saint-Martin-le-Peint (now Saint-Martin-le-Pin), Saint-Pardoux (now Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière), Saint-Saud (now Saint-Saud-Lacoussière), Teyjac (now Teyjat) and Varaigne (now Varaignes).

## Sites of interest

## Literature

* Bernard Briand; et al., *Châlus XIX-32*, Carte géologique de la France à 1/50 000. BRGM, Orléans
* J.-P. Floc'h; et al., *Nontron XVIII-33 Anticlinaux du Périgord blanc.*, Carte géologique de la France à 1/50 000 BRGM, Orléans
* P.-L. Guillot; et al., *Thiviers XIX-33 Vallée de la Côle.*, Carte géologique de la France à 1/50 000. BRGM, Orléans
* G. Le Pochat; et al. (1986), *Montbron.*, Carte géologique de la France à 1/50 000. BRGM, Orléans

1. Jacques Lagrange (1996), *Nontron et le pays nontronnais. vol. 1*, Pilote24, p. 251, ISBN 2-9509149-1-8
2. Frédéric Zégierman (1999), *Le Guide des pays de France, Sud*, Fayard
3. Bénédicte and Jean-Jacques Fénié (2000), *Dictionnaire des pays et provinces de France*, Éditions Sud-Ouest, Bordeaux, p. 349, ISBN 978-2-87901-367-1
4. Alexis de Gourgues (1992), *La Dordogne. Dictionnaire topographique du département.*, Chaulnes: Res Universis. Reprise de l'édition restaurée de 1873., ISBN 2-87760-904-9

## InfoBox

| Nontronnais | |
| --- | --- |
| Natural region | |
| Nontron overlooking the Bandiat valley | |
| The Nontronnais in relation with the other traditional landscapes of the Périgord | |
| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine |
| Area | |
| Total | 560.25 km2 (216.31 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 220 m (720 ft) |
| Population (2014) | |
| Total | 15,567 |
| Density | 28/km2 (70/sq mi) |


title: Arvis Vilkaste

abstract: Arvis Vilkaste is a Latvian bobsledder, brakeman who has competed since 2010. He won a gold medal in the four-man event at the FIBT World Championships 2016 in Igls, Austria. It was the first ever World Championships gold medal in bobsled for Latvia. He also won a bronze medal in the four-man event at FIBT World Championships 2015 in Winterberg, Germany as well as 2012 World Junior Championship title in the four-man event. Vilkaste competed in 2014 Winter Olympics at Sochi and won a silver medal in the four-man event. He became the four-man European Champion in 2015 and finished 3rd in the four-man event in 2016 Bobsleigh European Championship. At the 2014–15 Bobsleigh World Cup season Vilkaste as Oskars Melbārdis brakeman has 8 from 8 podium finishes in four-man events, including five first places. Before becoming a bobsledder, Vilkaste was a sprinter, winning a gold medal at the 4x100 relay at the 2008 Latvian Athletics Championships.

text:
# Arvis Vilkaste

**Arvis Vilkaste** (born 8 April 1989) is a Latvian bobsledder, brakeman who has competed since 2010.

He won a gold medal in the four-man event at the FIBT World Championships 2016 in Igls, Austria (with pilot Oskars Melbārdis, Daumants Dreiškens and Jānis Strenga). It was the first ever World Championships gold medal in bobsled for Latvia.

He also won a bronze medal in the four-man event at FIBT World Championships 2015 in Winterberg, Germany as well as 2012 World Junior Championship title in the four-man event.

Vilkaste competed in 2014 Winter Olympics at Sochi and won a silver medal in the four-man event.

He became the four-man European Champion in 2015 and finished 3rd in the four-man event in 2016 Bobsleigh European Championship.

At the 2014–15 Bobsleigh World Cup season Vilkaste as Oskars Melbārdis brakeman has 8 from 8 podium finishes in four-man events, including five first places.

Before becoming a bobsledder, Vilkaste was a sprinter, winning a gold medal at the 4x100 relay at the 2008 Latvian Athletics Championships.

## InfoBox

Arvis Vilkaste
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Latvian |
| Born | (1989-04-08) 8 April 1989<br>Balvi, Latvia |
| Height | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Weight | 97 kg (214 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Country | Latvia |
| Sport | Bobsleigh |
| Event | Four-man |
| Turned pro | 2010 |
| Medal record      Men's bobsleigh  Representing  Latvia  Olympic Games  2014 Sochi Four-man  World Championships  2016 Igls Four-man  2019 Whistler Four-man  2015 Winterberg Four-man  European Championship  2015 La Plagne Four-man  2019 Königssee Four-man  2016 St. Moritz Four-man | |


title: Panguidae

abstract: Panguidae is an extinct family of aculeate wasps. It has two unambiguous members, Protopangu known from the Early Cretaceous amber from the Wessex Formation of southern England and Pangu from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber of Myanmar. The genus Prosphex, originally considered incertae sedis, was suggested to be a member of the family in a later publication. Their relationships with other aculates are uncertain, and they are considered to be the only members of the superfamily Panguoidea. A specimen of Prosphex was observed with a substantial amount of angiosperm pollen near and within its mouth, implying that it was pollenivorous, and acted as a pollinator for flowering plants. However, other later publications have placed Prosphex outside of Panguidae.

text:
# Panguidae

**Panguidae** is an extinct family of aculeate wasps. It has two unambiguous members, *Protopangu* known from the Early Cretaceous (early Barremian) amber from the Wessex Formation of southern England and *Pangu* from the mid-Cretaceous (latest Albian-earliest Cenomanian) Burmese amber of Myanmar. The genus *Prosphex,* originally considered *incertae sedis*, was suggested to be a member of the family in a later publication. Their relationships with other aculates are uncertain, and they are considered to be the only members of the superfamily **Panguoidea**. A specimen of *Prosphex* was observed with a substantial amount of angiosperm pollen near and within its mouth, implying that it was pollenivorous, and acted as a pollinator for flowering plants. However, other later publications have placed *Prosphex* outside of Panguidae.

## InfoBox

| Panguidae
Temporal range: Early Barremian \- earliest Cenomanian | |
| --- | --- |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Suborder: | Apocrita |
| Infraorder: | Aculeata |
| Family: | Panguidae
Li, Rasnitsyn, Shih & Ren, 2019 |
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| Genera | |
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title: Tom Langan

abstract: Tom Langan is an American producer and writer. He additionally has performed in acting roles. During the 1990s, he served as Co-Executive Producer for the show Days of Our Lives.

text:
# Tom Langan

**Tom Langan** is an American producer and writer. He additionally has performed in acting roles.

During the 1990s, he served as Co-Executive Producer for the show *Days of Our Lives*.

## Contributions

### Positions held

*Days of Our Lives*

*Days of our Lives: Primetime Specials*

* Winter Heat: February 4, 1994
* Night Sins: February 26, 1993
* One Stormy Night: January 10, 1992

*The Young and the Restless*

* Producer: 1986 - 1991
* Associate Producer: 1980 - 1986

*Intimate Portrait: Lisa Rinna*: 2001

* As himself

## Head writing tenure

## Executive Producing Tenure


title: Hazen-Kimball-Aldrich House

abstract: The Hazen-Kimball-Aldrich House is a historic First Period house in Georgetown, Massachusetts. The Hazen House was built around the 1680s by Thomas and Mary Hazen. Thomas was born in Rowley, Mass. January 29, 1657 and Mary Howlett born in Ipswich, Mass. around 1664. Thomas and Mary moved from the house in 1710–11, relocating to Norwich, Connecticut. The oldest part of the house is the central chimney and the rooms immediately to its right; the rooms to the chimney's left were built next, and the leanto section was added in the middle of the 18th century. In 1906 a barn was attached to the north side of the house and converted to living space. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

text:
# Hazen-Kimball-Aldrich House

The **Hazen-Kimball-Aldrich House** is a historic First Period house in Georgetown, Massachusetts.

The Hazen House was built around the 1680s by Thomas and Mary Hazen. Thomas was born in Rowley, Mass. January 29, 1657 (son of Edward Hazen, first generation to migrate to America from Lincolnshire, England) and Mary Howlett born in Ipswich, Mass. around 1664. Thomas and Mary moved from the house in 1710–11, relocating to Norwich, Connecticut. The oldest part of the house is the central chimney and the rooms immediately to its right; the rooms to the chimney's left were built next (probably not long afterward), and the leanto section (which faces the street today) was added in the middle of the 18th century. In 1906 a barn was attached to the north side of the house and converted to living space.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Hazen-Kimball-Aldrich House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 225 E. Main Street,<br>Georgetown, Massachusetts |
| Coordinates | 42°42′59″N 70°58′32″W / 42.71639°N 70.97556°W / 42.71639; -70.97556 |
| Built | 1710 |
| Architectural style | Colonial |
| MPS | First Period Buildings of Eastern Massachusetts TR |
| NRHP reference No. | 90000209 |
| Added to NRHP | March 9, 1990 |