title: Hodson baronets

abstract: The Hodson Baronetcy, of Holybrooke House in the County of Wicklow, is a title in the Baronetage of Ireland. It was created on 28 August 1789 for Robert Hodson. He was a descendant of Reverend John Hodson, Dean of Clogher and Bishop of Elphin, the member of a family that had long been settled at Houghton, Staffordshire, England and was High Sheriff of Westmeath (1776), Wicklow (1786) and Cavan (1791).

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# Hodson baronets

The **Hodson Baronetcy**, of Holybrooke House in the County of Wicklow, is a title in the Baronetage of Ireland. It was created on 28 August 1789 for Robert Hodson. He was a descendant of Reverend John Hodson, Dean of Clogher and Bishop of Elphin, the member of a family that had long been settled at Houghton, Staffordshire, England and was High Sheriff of Westmeath (1776), Wicklow (1786) and Cavan (1791).

## Hodson baronets, of Holybrooke House (1789)

* Sir Robert Hodson, 1st Baronet (1747–1809)
* Sir Robert Adair Hodson, 2nd Baronet (1802–1831)
* Sir George Frederick John Hodson, 3rd Baronet (1806–1888)
* Sir Robert Adair Hodson, 4th Baronet (1853–1921), succeeding his father
* Sir Edmond Adair Hodson, 5th Baronet (1893–1972), succeeding his uncle
* Sir Michael Robin Adderley Hodson, 6th Baronet (1932–2022)
* Sir Patrick Richard Hodson, 7th Baronet (1934–2022)
* Sir Mark Adair Hodson, 8th Baronet (1964–2023)
* Sir Edward Charles Adair Hodson, 9th Baronet (born 1998)

The heir presumptive is James Patrick Hodson (born 1966), uncle of the current Baronet. His heir apparent is his eldest son George Patrick Hodson (born 1996).


title: James Schön

abstract: James Frederick Schön was a German missionary and linguist who was active in Sierra Leone. He also participated in the Niger expedition of 1841. After attending the Basel Seminary, Schön attended the Church Missionary Society College in London; he was ordained as a priest in 1832 and immediately went to Sierra Leone. He remained active with the Church Missionary Society until 1853. He became a naturalized British subject in 1854. He became an expert on the Hausa language and is credited with writing the first Christian material in Hausa when he translated the Lord's Prayer in 1843. He was awarded an honorary doctorate from Oxford University in 1884.

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# James Schön

**James Frederick Schön** (1802, in Ober Weiler – 30 March 1889, in Chatham) was a German missionary and linguist who was active in Sierra Leone. He also participated in the Niger expedition of 1841.

After attending the Basel Seminary, Schön attended the Church Missionary Society College in London; he was ordained as a priest in 1832 and immediately went to Sierra Leone. He remained active with the Church Missionary Society until 1853.

He became a naturalized British subject in 1854.

He became an expert on the Hausa language and is credited with writing the first Christian material in Hausa when he translated the Lord's Prayer in 1843. He was awarded an honorary doctorate from Oxford University in 1884.

## Family

His first wife was Anne Elizabeth Nyländer, the daughter of Gustavus Nyländer, another missionary and linguist. They had one daughter, Annie Catherine, who married a CMS missionary named Edward Thomas Higgens.

His second wife was Cordelia Jackson Irwine; he later married Elizabeth Catherine Drake, the widow of James White, another CMS missionary. He and Elizabeth had nine children and also took in several other children including Sarah Forbes Bonetta.

## Works

* *Translations of seven Parables and Discources of our Lord Jesus Christ into the Sherbro Language of West Africa* (1839)
* *Journal of the Niger Expedition* (1842)
* *Vocabulary and Elements of Grammar of the Haussa Language* (1843)
* Translations of Genesis, Exodus, the Gospels, and the Acts of the Apostles into the Hausa Language (1857-1861)
* *Grammar of the Haussa Language* (1862)
* *Dictionary of the Hausa Language* (1876)
* *Vocabulary of the Mende language* (1884)
* *Magana Hausa: Hausa Stories and Fables* (1885)

His papers are archived at the University of Birmingham.

Samuel Ajayi Crowther


title: Henry B. Lee

abstract: Henry Bird Lee was an American lawyer and politician. Born in Greene County, New York, Lee practiced law in Patterson, New York. In 1815, Lee served in the New York State Assembly. In 1816, Lee was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the United States House of Representatives; Lee died before he took office.

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# Henry B. Lee

**Henry Bird Lee** (1781 – September 16, 1816) was an American lawyer and politician.

Born in Greene County, New York, Lee practiced law in Patterson, New York. In 1815, Lee served in the New York State Assembly. In 1816, Lee was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the United States House of Representatives; Lee died before he took office.

## InfoBox

| Henry Lee | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member-elect of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 4th district | |
| ***Died before taking office*** | |
| Preceded by | Abraham H. Schenck |
| Succeeded by | James Tallmadge Jr. |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Henry Bird Lee
1781
Greene County, New York, U.S. |
| Died | September 16, 1816 (aged 3435) |
| Political party | Democratic-Republican |
|  | |


title: Krumbach, Bavaria

abstract: Krumbach is a town with 13,000 residents in the district Günzburg in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is the second biggest town in the district.

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# Krumbach, Bavaria

**Krumbach** (also: *Krumbach (Schwaben)*) is a town with 13,000 residents in the district Günzburg in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is the second biggest town in the district.

## Geography

Krumbach (elevation 512 m (1680 ft)) is situated in Mittelschwaben in the natural region Lower Iller-Lech Gravel Plateau (a part of the region between Danube and the Alps) in the valley of the Kammel, a left tributary of the Mindel river and so an indirect tributary of the Danube river. The landscape is marked by forests and areas in agricultural acreage (fields and grassland).

The next bigger cities respectively towns are Ulm, approximately 40 kilometres northwest of Krumbach, Augsburg, 48 kilometres northeast of Krumbach, Memmingen, about 40 kilometres southwest of Krumbach, Mindelheim, 30 kilometres south of Krumbach and Günzburg, 27 kilometres north of Krumbach. The distance to Munich is approximately 120 kilometres.

## History

In 1156 Krumbach was mentioned in documents the first time, in 1370 the village got the right to hold a market. From 1305 until 1805 Krumbach was part of the Margraviate of Burgau, which was part of the Habsburg Further Austria. In the year 1805 Krumbach became Bavarian by the Peace of Pressburg. 90 years later Krumbach became a town. In the year 1902 the previously independent municipality Hürben, a neighbouring village of Krumbach, merged into Krumbach. Until the time of the Third Reich Hürben had a high percentage of Jewish residents in comparison to the Bavarian average.

Until 1972 Krumbach was the district seat of the administrative district Krumbach (Swabia).

Bavarian regional reforms merged the previously independent municipalities of Hohenraunau (1972/01/01), Billenhausen with Hirschfelden (1972/07/01), Edenhausen with the Krumbad (1973/01/01), Attenhausen (1977/01/01) and Niederraunau (1978/05/01) into Krumbach.

The Krumbad is a health resort approximately one kilometre east of Krumbach. It is the oldest health resort of Swabia.

## Coat of arms

The colours of the town (red and white) as well as the arms (a silver-coloured wavy thick line in red) remind one on the one hand of the long affiliation to Further Austria on the other hand it is a canting arms – the crooked stream. In this context, it is important to know, that the meander of the Kammel are clearly distinct.

## Attractions

* market place and historic town hall
* church St Michael
* church St Ulrich in Hürben
* church *Maria Hilf*
* church *Lindlkirche*
* *Mühlkapelle*
* castle of Krumbach
* moated castle of Hürben
* *Landauer Haus*
* Middleswabian lokal heritage museum
* waxart museum MORSA
* Krumbad
* church of Niederraunau
* castle of Niederraunau
* *Dossenberger Pfarrhof* (parsonage) Billenhausen

## Economy, transport and public institutions

In Krumbach, there are car suppliers, a paint factory, plant construction factories, weaving mills, wax factories, and a wall-to-wall carpeting factory.

Two *Bundesstraßen* pass Krumbach: the *Bundesstraße* 16 (B 16) Günzburg–Mindelheim and the *Bundesstraße* 300 (B 300) Memmingen–Augsburg. The distances to the *Autobahnen* ,  and 96 are each approximately 25 kilometres. Furthermore, Krumbach has a railway station on the railway from Günzburg to Mindelheim (Mittelschwaben Railway), a loop line, which connects the main lines Bavarian Maximilian Railway (Munich–Augsburg–Ulm–Stuttgart) and the railway from Munich to Zurich via Buchloe, Memmingen and Lindau.

In Krumbach there are quite a few public institutions: police station, forestry commission office, planning department and several schools: secondary schools, grammar school and vocational schools;

## Miscellaneous

In the valley of Günz – approximately six kilometres west of Krumbach there is the *Oberrieder Weiher*, a flooded gravel pit and popular greenbelt recreation area. At the shores of this lake, there is a camping site.

## Sport

Breitenthal Speedway Stadium hosted the MC Krumbach motorcycle speedway team. It was a significant venue and hosted many important events, including qualifying rounds of the Speedway World Team Cup in 1973, 1974, 1975, 1978, 1979 and 1981 and a round of the Speedway World Team Cup in 1980.

## Notable births

## InfoBox

| Krumbach | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| View of Krumbach from the west | |
|  | |
| Location of Krumbach within Günzburg district | |
| Krumbach Krumbach | |
| Coordinates: 48°15′N 10°22′E / 48.250°N 10.367°E / 48.250; 10.367 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Schwaben |
| District | Günzburg |
| Government | |
| Mayor (202026) | Hubert Fischer |
| Area | |
| Total | 44.75 km2 (17.28 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 512 m (1,680 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31) | |
| Total | 13,940 |
| Density | 310/km2 (810/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 86381 |
| Dialling codes | 08282 |
| Vehicle registration | GZ, KRU |
| Website | www.krumbach.de |


title: Thorpe Audlin

abstract: Thorpe Audlin is a hamlet and civil parish in the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 660. Until 1974 it was part of Hemsworth Rural District. Thorpe Audlin is situated approximately 5 miles (8 km) from Pontefract.

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# Thorpe Audlin

**Thorpe Audlin** is a hamlet and civil parish in the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 660. Until 1974 it was part of Hemsworth Rural District. Thorpe Audlin is situated approximately 5 miles (8 km) from Pontefract.

## History

Evidence of human activity in the Thorpe Audlin local area dates back to the very early ages in the local village of Badsworth. There is however, distinct evidence of Roman settlers in Thorpe Audlin itself. Evidence includes the discovery of Roman coins, as well as the road linking Doncaster and Pontefract being of Roman origin.

Thorpe Audlin is included in the 1086 *Domesday Book*, under the Hundred of Osgoodcross. The survey recorded 14 households, between eight villagers and four smallholders. Thorpe Audlin was considered to be a medium-sized settlement at the time. The Lord in 1066 was Alsi son of Karski. The Lord after *Domesday* was Ralph, while the tenant-in-chief was Ilbert of Lacy. The total taxable amount was 6.4 Geld units, being a relatively large amount compared to other settlements.

In the 1870s Thorpe Audlin was described as: "THORP-AUDLIN, a township in Badsworth parish, W. R. Yorkshire; 4¼ miles SSE of Pontefract. Acres, 1,260. Real property, £2,237. Pop., 304. Houses, 65."

## Population

The population of Thorpe Audlin was in a state of gradual decline until the early part of the 20th century where it sank to 245 in 1911, declining from 355 in the early part of the 19th century. The population of Thorpe Audlin fluctuated fairly mildly until the 1960s. The population more than doubled between the 1960s and 2000 rising to over 600 people. Thorpe Audlin currently has a population of 660.

## Cricket Club

The Thorpe Audlin Cricket Club is based on Bridge Lane. It fields a number of teams of different age groups, including junior teams from the Under 9 age group to the Under 19 team The two Senior teams play in the Pontefract & District Cricket League, with the 1st XI and 2nd XI playing in the 5th Division and 8th Division respectively.

In 2012 the club won the 1st XI won the Heyward Williams Cup. The Junior teams also reached two cup finals. The Village Sports Field is administered by the Sports Field Trust. The Trustees are the current members of the Parish Council.

## Community Association

Residents of Thorpe Audlin automatically qualify for membership of the Community Association. The association leases The Ramsden Hall on Darning Lane from the church at the cost of £1000 a year.

## Parish council

The parish council consists of five members, including a chairman, vice-chairman and clerk to the council.

## InfoBox

| Thorpe Audlin | |
| --- | --- |
| Crossroads at Thorpe Audlin | |
| Thorpe AudlinLocation within West Yorkshire | |
| Population | 660 (2011) |
| OS grid reference | SE475161 |
| London | 155 mi (249 km) SSE |
| Metropolitan borough |  |
| Metropolitan county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PONTEFRACT |
| Postcode district | WF8 |
| Dialling code | 01977 |
|  | |
| Police | West Yorkshire |
| Fire | West Yorkshire |
| Ambulance | Yorkshire |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Pristimantis carranguerorum

abstract:
Pristimantis carranguerorum is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae.
It is endemic to Colombia.
Its natural habitats are tropical moist montane forests and rivers.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

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# Pristimantis carranguerorum

***Pristimantis carranguerorum*** is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| *Pristimantis carranguerorum* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Pristimantis carranguerorum | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Strabomantidae |
| Genus: | *Pristimantis* |
| Species: | ***P. carranguerorum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pristimantis carranguerorum***
(Lynch, 1994) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eleutherodactylus carranguerorum* Lynch, 1994 | |


title: Gayratdin Xojaniyazov

abstract: Gayratdin Xojaniyozov was a Soviet archaeologist, director of the Archaeology Department of the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Karakalpak Branch, senator (2015), and Hero of Uzbekistan.

text:
# Gayratdin Xojaniyazov

**Gayratdin Xojaniyozov** (born July 11, 1948, in Qoraoʻzak District, Karakalpak ASSR — died October 19, 2020) was a Soviet archaeologist, director of the Archaeology Department of the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Karakalpak Branch, senator (2015), and Hero of Uzbekistan.

## Biography

Gayratdin Xojaniyazov was born on July 11, 1948, in a village in Qoraoʻzak District. In 1972, he graduated from the History Faculty of the Karakalpak State Pedagogical Institute (now Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Aziniyoz) and entered the Archaeology Department of the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Karakalpak Branch.

In 1996, he defended his dissertation on “The History of Fortification of Ancient Khorezm” and received the scientific degree of Candidate of Historical Sciences under the scientific supervision of Professor German Fedorov-Davydov, head of the Archaeology Department of Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov. Gayratdin Xojaniyazov was a member of many scientific archaeological expeditions, the author of popular scientific books and more than 130 scientific articles on archaeology, the history of fortification of ancient Khorezm in the Middle Ages, and the social and religious monuments of Uzbekistan.

From 1990 to 1994, Gayratdin Xojaniyazov served as the acting chairman of the Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, from 1994 to 2000, he was a member of the Republican Commission on the Issues of Naming the Names of Famous People to Toponymic Objects, from 1995 to 2000, he was a member of the State Award named after Berdakh. In 2015, Gayratdin Xojaniyazov became a senator from the Republic of Karakalpakstan.

## Awards

## InfoBox

| Gayratdin Xojaniyozov | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1948-07-11)July 11, 1948<br>Qoraoʻzak District, Karakalpak ASSR |
| Died | October 19, 2020(2020-10-19) (aged 72) |
| Nationality | Uzbek |
| Occupation(s) | Archaeologist, senator |
| Years active | 1972-2020 |
| Known for | The history of fortification of ancient Khorezm |


abstract: The Grammy Award for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male was awarded from 1984 to 1989. In 1990 this award was combined with the award for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Female as the Grammy Award for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male or Female. Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for works released in the previous year.

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# Grammy Award for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male

The Grammy Award for **Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male** was awarded from 1984 to 1989. In 1990 this award was combined with the award for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Female as the Grammy Award for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male or Female.

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for works released in the previous year.

## Recipients

| Year | Winner(s) | Title | Nominees | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1984 | Al Green | *I'll Rise Again* |  |  |
| 1985 | Andraé Crouch | *Always Remember'* |  |  |
| 1986 | Marvin Winans | *Bring Back the Days of Yea and Nay* |  |  |
| 1987 | Al Green | *Going Away* | * Derrick Brinkley for *Glorious Day* * Daryl Coley for *Just Daryl* * Howard Smith for *Totally Committed* * Rodney Friend for *Worthy* |  |
| 1988 | Al Green | *Everything's Gonna Be Alright* |  |  |
| 1989 | BeBe Winans | *Abundant Life* |  |  |


title: Nikita Filatov

abstract: Nikita Vasilyevich Filatov is a Russian former professional ice hockey left winger who played in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Prior to 2012, Filatov played in North America for the Ottawa Senators and Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League (NHL). At the 2008 NHL Entry Draft, Filatov was selected sixth overall by the Blue Jackets. Filatov was the top-ranked European skater by the NHL Central Scouting Bureau. Filatov played two seasons with the Blue Jackets organization. During the 2009–10 season, Filatov was unhappy with his situation in Columbus and was loaned to CSKA Moscow for the remainder of the season. At the 2011 NHL Entry Draft, the Blue Jackets then traded him to Ottawa in exchange for a third-round draft pick. In December 2011, the Senators loaned Filatov to CSKA Moscow for the balance of the 2011–12 season. The following season, Filatov signed with Salavat Yulaev. The Senators chose not to tender Filatov a qualifying offer, making him a free agent. Filatov has represented Russia in international hockey at two World U18 Championships, winning gold and silver medals, and three World Junior Championships, where he has won two bronze medals. He was named to the Tournament All-Star Team at the 2008 World U18 Championships and the 2009 World Junior Championships.

text:
# Nikita Filatov

**Nikita Vasilyevich Filatov** (Никита Васильевич Филатов; born May 25, 1990) is a Russian former professional ice hockey left winger who played in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Prior to 2012, Filatov played in North America for the Ottawa Senators and Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League (NHL).

At the 2008 NHL Entry Draft, Filatov was selected sixth overall by the Blue Jackets. Filatov was the top-ranked European skater by the NHL Central Scouting Bureau. Filatov played two seasons with the Blue Jackets organization. During the 2009–10 season, Filatov was unhappy with his situation in Columbus and was loaned to CSKA Moscow for the remainder of the season. At the 2011 NHL Entry Draft, the Blue Jackets then traded him to Ottawa in exchange for a third-round draft pick. In December 2011, the Senators loaned Filatov to CSKA Moscow for the balance of the 2011–12 season. The following season, Filatov signed with Salavat Yulaev. The Senators chose not to tender Filatov a qualifying offer, making him a free agent.

Filatov has represented Russia in international hockey at two World U18 Championships, winning gold and silver medals, and three World Junior Championships, where he has won two bronze medals. He was named to the Tournament All-Star Team at the 2008 World U18 Championships and the 2009 World Junior Championships.

## Playing career

### Junior

Filatov played minor and junior hockey in the CSKA Red Army hockey system from the age of 13. At the age of 15 during the 2005–06 season, he made his debut for CSKA-2—the club's junior team—where he continued to play during the 2006–07 season, and averaged more than three points per game. In the same season, Filatov made his international debut for Russia at the World Under 18 Championship.

During the 2007–08 season, Filatov made his professional Russian Superleague (RSL) debut with CSKA, seeing limited action in five games. He spent the majority of the season playing at the junior level in Russia. With his CSKA junior team, Filatov played in 23 games, scoring 23 goals and providing 24 assists. Leading up to the 2008 NHL Entry Draft, the League's annual meeting at which the rights to amateur players are divided among teams, the NHL's Central Scouting Bureau ranked Filatov as the top European skater in their mid-term and final rankings. After the 2007–08 season, Filatov was selected sixth overall at the Draft by the Columbus Blue Jackets.

Filatov was also the first overall selection in the 2008 Canadian Hockey League Import Draft, selected by the Sudbury Wolves of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). Sudbury General Manager Mike Foligno was comfortable with the risks of not knowing whether Filatov would play at junior or professional level when he came to North America. Blue Jackets general manager Scott Howson would not guarantee Filatov a place on their team, saying, "We've already told Nikita that we'll see how things go in training camp and we'll decide what's best for him."

### Professional

After being drafted by the Blue Jackets, Filatov signed a three-year contract with the club on July 10, 2008. His base salary for the contract was $875,000, with bonus clauses that could bring the value as high as $1.35 million per season. His signing with Columbus created some controversy within the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL), however, as League President Alexander Medvedev claimed that the Blue Jackets owed CSKA Moscow compensation of at least $1.5 million for signing Filatov. Medvedev claimed that although the term of the contract had expired, under Russian law it did not terminate until an indemnity amount had been negotiated. The Blue Jackets and Filatov believed that giving his club 30 days notice was sufficient to terminate the contract. CSKA threatened to withhold Filatov's transfer card, thus impeding his ability to play in another league, but Filatov, his lawyers and the Blue Jackets believed they had followed the necessary tenets of Russian law. Filatov's contract was one of six reviewed by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) in an attempt to mediate the disputes between the KHL and NHL. During this investigation, the players were unable to play international hockey sanctioned by the IIHF. In September, the KHL dropped its opposition to Filatov's contract with the Blue Jackets, and he received his transfer.

Filatov did not make the team after attending training camp with the Blue Jackets, instead making his North American professional debut for the Blue Jackets' American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Syracuse Crunch. On October 15, 2008, however, Filatov was called up to the NHL, playing in his first game and scoring his first goal with the Blue Jackets on October 17 against the Nashville Predators. For the rest of the 2008–09 season, Filatov split time between the AHL and the NHL. He played eight games with the Blue Jackets, finishing the season with four goals. He became the first Blue Jackets rookie to record a hat-trick in the January 10, 2009, game against the Minnesota Wild. At the end of the season, Filatov had played 39 games with the Crunch in the AHL, scoring 16 goals and 16 assists. For his performances, he was named as a starter for the PlanetUSA team in the 2009 AHL All-Star Game.

At the start of the 2009–10 season, Filatov made the Blue Jackets roster after training camp. Although healthy, he did not play in six of the team's first 18 games, a decision made by Columbus head coach Ken Hitchcock. Filatov was unhappy with his playing time and role on the team under Hitchcock and requested to be transferred back to his Russian club team. Hitchcock and the Blue Jackets coaching staff tried to improve Filatov's attention to defensive aspects of the game. The Blue Jackets management agreed to Filatov's request to return to Russia for the remainder of the season. This arrangement resulted from direct dealings between the Blue Jackets and CSKA Moscow, where Filatov's salary was paid by the Russian club, and the Blue Jackets retained his rights. Shortly after his return to Russia, Filatov set a KHL record by scoring the game-winning goal in three consecutive games. He was named the league's best newcomer (defined by the KHL as "a player born in 1987 or later, who has played no more than 20 top-level matches in previous national tournaments") for November, and the league's best rookie for the 11th week of the season. In his shortened season in Russia, Filatov played 26 games, scoring nine goals and adding 13 assists. Initial statements by both sides indicated the player would return to Columbus after the 2009–10 season, but after returning to Russia, Filatov was less clear about his intentions for the 2010–11 season, stating, "I hope I'll be back next year, but right now, it's really hard to say because it will again be a tough decision." Howson did not comment on Filatov's stance, except to say that he expected Filatov to be at the team's training camp prior to the 2010–11 season. Subsequently, Filatov stated after the 2009–10 season that he intended to return to Columbus for training camp.

During the off-season, the Blue Jackets sent development coach Tyler Wright to Russia to train with Filatov to assess his readiness for the upcoming season, and to communicate the team's desire to work with him. Blue Jackets head coach Scott Arniel was pleased to see Filatov arrive in Columbus six weeks ahead of the team's 2010–11 season, allowing him a chance to mend relationships with his teammates who may have been annoyed by Filatov's departure. Howson said the team never doubted Filatov's skill: "Nikita has the skill and the ability to play in a top-six role." Arniel was optimistic about Filatov's return to the team, offering him a clean slate and a chance to earn a spot on one of the team's top two lines. After speaking with his friend Sergei Shirokov (who played for Arniel on the Manitoba Moose), Filatov was optimistic about working with Columbus's new head coach. Filatov started the season with the Blue Jackets at the NHL level and recorded seven assists in 23 games. In December 2010, Filatov was demoted to the AHL and spent the remainder of the season with the Springfield Falcons—Columbus's new AHL affiliate. With the Falcons, he played in 36 games, scoring nine goals and adding 11 assists.

At the 2011 NHL Entry Draft, Columbus severed their ties with Filatov, trading him to the Ottawa Senators in exchange for a third-round pick. Filatov left his family vacationing in the Dominican Republic and joined the Senators for their development camp at Scotiabank Place in Ottawa. He made the Senators out of training camp, but was a healthy scratch several times, splitting his time with Ottawa and the Binghamton Senators of the AHL. In November 2011, the *Ottawa Citizen'*s Allen Panzeri reported from sources in Columbus that Filatov had refused to play the style the Blue Jackets asked of him, saying to his coach, "Filly \[Filatov\] don't do rebounds." In December, the Senators offered Filatov the choice to play the rest of the season with CSKA Moscow of the KHL and Filatov agreed. Senators general manager Bryan Murray suggested it was better for his development as Murray felt that Filatov needed to work on becoming stronger and compete harder to make it in the NHL. Head coach Paul MacLean felt Filatov's struggles in the NHL were surprising, considering he had 12 points in 15 games in the AHL. Filatov himself stated that he had to get better. MacLean had hoped that Filatov would have stayed and worked on his game in Binghamton, but Murray explained that it was more lucrative for Filatov to play in the KHL than at Binghamton, and did not block the transfer. Filatov did not immediately agree to terms with CSKA. For a few days it appeared that Filatov would not sign a contract with CSKA, so the Senators assigned him to Binghamton and threatened to suspend him in order to remove him from the Senators' salary cap. On December 18, 2011, Filatov agreed to a contract with CSKA Moscow.

Despite Filatov leaving for the KHL, the Senators still had hopes to develop Filatov. His contract was ready to expire in June 2012, and the Senators planned to make a qualifying contract offer to Filatov to retain his NHL rights. However, in May 2012, Filatov chose to stay in the KHL and agreed to a one-year contract with Salavat Yulaev Ufa. After he signed with Salavat Yulaev, the Senators chose to not make the offer, making him an unrestricted free agent. After three seasons in the NHL, Filatov left with only six goals and eight assists in 53 NHL games. Stephen Whyno of *The Globe and Mail* identified him as one of the top five biggest "draft busts" in recent NHL history. *Hockey's Future* also rated Filatov a bust. He later said that financial considerations were the main factor in his decision to no longer play in North America.

In the 2012–13 season, Filatov played in 47 games with Salavat Yulaev, scoring ten goals and adding 11 assists. Salavat Yulaev qualified for the 2013 Gagarin Cup playoffs, where Filatov had three goals and three assists in 13 games played. After winning a seven-game series against Metallurg Magnitogorsk, the team was eliminated by Ak Bars Kazan, four games to three. He remained with Salavat for the 2013–14 season, recording 13 goals and seven assists in 35 regular season games and one goal in the postseason. Salavat won two series in the 2014 playoffs before being defeated by Metallurg Magnitogorsk, the eventual KHL champions. Filatov played for two teams in 2014–15: after four games with Yugra, he spent the rest of the season with Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod, scoring five goals and assisting on 11 others in his 42 combined regular season appearances. He had one assist in four postseason games, as Torpedo lost in the first round to Gagarin Cup winners SKA Saint Petersburg.

Filatov did not stay with Torpedo for the 2015–16 season; he instead played for his fifth and sixth career KHL teams. After five games with Admiral Vladivostok, in which he recorded one assist, he joined HC Dynamo Moscow and had three assists in 21 games. In 2016–17, Filatov played for HC Lada Togliatti and posted career-highs in goals (19) and assists (21). Following the 2017–18 season in which Filatov split between HC Lada Togliatti and HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk, Filatov left as a free agent in the off-season and continued his journeyman career in the KHL by agreeing to a one-year deal with HC Spartak Moscow on June 4, 2018. In the 2018–19 season, Filatov made a positive start to the campaign, posting 8 points in 15 games with Spartak before he was traded in a return to Salavat Yulaev Ufa in exchange for Artyom Fyodorov on November 16, 2018. In 7 games with Salavat Yulaev Ufa, he did not record a point.

Following the completion of the 2018–19 season, Filatov ended his professional playing career, transitioning to becoming a player agent under the guidance of notable agent, Sergei Isakov.

## International play

| <br>Filatov accepts his player of the game award during the 2010 World Junior Hockey Championship. | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Medal record | | |
| Ice hockey | | |
| Representing  Russia | | |
| World Junior Championship | | |
|  | 2009 Canada |  |
|  | 2008 Czech Republic |  |
| IIHF U18 Championship | | |
|  | 2008 Russia |  |
|  | 2007 Finland |  |

Filatov has played extensively for Russia's national teams in under-18 and under-20 tournaments. His first IIHF competition for Russia was the 2007 U18 Championship held in Finland. Russia won a gold medal in that tournament, and as an underaged player, Filatov contributed four goals and five assists in seven games. He led the Russian team in total points and was second to Alexei Cherepanov in goals scored. After this tournament, Russia's coaches named Filatov as one of the team's three best players. Filatov also played at the 2008 U18 Championship held in his native Russia. Filatov captained the team to a silver medal, scoring three goals and adding six assists. He was named to the Tournament All-Star Team.

At the 2008 World Junior Championship Filatov made his debut with Russia's under-20 junior squad. At the tournament, he scored four goals and added five assists, leading the Russian squad in total points and placing second to Viktor Tikhonov in goals scored. The Russian team captured bronze at the tournament after defeating the United States 4–2. Filatov scored two goals in the bronze medal game, and was named Russia's best player of the game by the IIHF.

The AHL's Syracuse Crunch released Filatov to participate in the 2009 World Junior Championship held in Ottawa. Filatov served as Russia's captain for the tournament. In seven games at the tournament, he scored eight goals and added three assists, which tied him for fourth in tournament scoring. The Russian team again captured the bronze medal, this time by defeating Slovakia 5–2. Filatov was named best player of the game for a preliminary round game against Finland and for the bronze medal game against Slovakia, and he was named to the Tournament All-Star Team.

After returning to Russia early in the 2009–10 season, Filatov had the opportunity to compete in a third World Junior Championship at the 2010 tournament held in Saskatchewan, Canada. As in 2009, he served as Russia's team captain. During preliminary round play, Filatov was named best player for Russia in their game against Finland. The tournament was a disappointment for the Russians after they lost to Switzerland in the quarterfinals. Prior to the fifth place game against the Czech Republic, Filatov was stripped of his captaincy and replaced by teammate Kirill Petrov after criticizing the team personnel during a media scrum. After participating in three World Junior Championships, Filatov is tied with Evgeny Kuznetsov as Russia's all-time leading scorer at the event—both forwards finished their junior careers with 26 points.

## Playing style

Scouting reports on Filatov were mixed in advance of the 2008 NHL Entry Draft. Sergei Nemchinov, head coach of Russia's national junior team, said of Filatov, "He definitely has an NHL upside because he can score, is a well-rounded player and is responsible in the defensive zone." Independent scouting service Red Line Report at one point declared Filatov "the next best thing to Steven Stamkos" (who was eventually selected first overall in the 2008 Draft). McKeen's Hockey scouts described him as a cross between Ilya Kovalchuk and Maxim Afinogenov. His strengths included his skating and vision, as well as the inclination to play at high intensity. The NHL's Director of European Scouting, Goran Stubb, assessed Filatov's NHL readiness as, "Nikita is a leader, has a great attitude, an excellent work ethic and tons of talent." Other scouts were not as impressed with his defensive game, preferring to focus on his offensive abilities. Off the ice, Filatov does not train in a traditional gym or weight room, preferring to run outside in sand and lift objects such as trees and boulders.

## Personal life

Filatov was born in Moscow, Russia, to parents Vasily and Yelena. He speaks fluent English due in large part to his mother—an English teacher who used to give him lessons at home. When he started playing professional hockey in North America for Syracuse, his mother stayed for several weeks to help him get acclimated to his new surroundings.

## Career statistics

### Regular season and playoffs

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2005–06 | CSKA–2 Moscow | RUS.3 | | 6 | 6 | 7 | 13 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2006–07 | CSKA–2 Moscow | RUS.3 | | 29 | 13 | 9 | 22 | 32 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2007–08 | CSKA–2 Moscow | RUS.3 | | 23 | 24 | 23 | 47 | 62 | | 11 | 14 | 9 | 23 | 28 |
| 2007–08 | CSKA Moscow | RSL | | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2008–09 | Columbus Blue Jackets | NHL | | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2008–09 | Syracuse Crunch | AHL | | 39 | 16 | 16 | 32 | 24 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2009–10 | Columbus Blue Jackets | NHL | | 13 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2009–10 | CSKA Moscow | KHL | | 26 | 9 | 13 | 22 | 16 | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2010–11 | Springfield Falcons | AHL | | 36 | 9 | 11 | 20 | 20 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2010–11 | Columbus Blue Jackets | NHL | | 23 | 0 | 7 | 7 | 8 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2011–12 | Ottawa Senators | NHL | | 9 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2011–12 | Binghamton Senators | AHL | | 15 | 7 | 5 | 12 | 12 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2011–12 | CSKA Moscow | KHL | | 18 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 12 | | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2011–12 | Krasnaya Armiya | MHL | | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 2012–13 | Salavat Yulaev Ufa | KHL | | 47 | 10 | 11 | 21 | 24 | | 13 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 |
| 2013–14 | Salavat Yulaev Ufa | KHL | | 35 | 13 | 7 | 20 | 18 | | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2014–15 | Yugra Khanty-Mansiysk | KHL | | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2014–15 | Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod | KHL | | 38 | 4 | 11 | 15 | 14 | | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2015–16 | Admiral Vladivostok | KHL | | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2015–16 | Dynamo Moscow | KHL | | 21 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 8 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2015–16 | Dynamo Balashikha | VHL | | 9 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 64 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2016–17 | Lada Togliatti | KHL | | 57 | 19 | 21 | 40 | 60 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2017–18 | Lada Togliatti | KHL | | 23 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 48 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2017–18 | Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk | KHL | | 8 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 27 | | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2018–19 | Spartak Moscow | KHL | | 15 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 8 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2018–19 | Salavat Yulaev Ufa | KHL | | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2018–19 | Toros Neftekamsk | VHL | | 16 | 6 | 9 | 15 | 24 | | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| NHL totals | | | | 53 | 6 | 8 | 14 | 20 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| KHL totals | | | | 304 | 69 | 83 | 152 | 241 | | 34 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 16 |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | Result |  | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | Russia | WJC18 |  | | 7 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 6 |
| 2007 | Russia | U18 |  | | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
| 2008 | Russia | WJC |  | | 7 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 10 |
| 2008 | Russia | WJC18 |  | | 6 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 29 |
| 2009 | Russia | WJC |  | | 7 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 6 |
| 2010 | Russia | WJC | 6th | | 6 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 6 |
| Junior totals | | | | | 37 | 22 | 25 | 47 | 65 |

*Statistics Sources*

## Awards

### International

| Award | Year |
| --- | --- |
| World U18 Championships Top Three Player for Team Russia | 2007 |
| World U18 Championships Tournament All Star Team | 2008 |
| World Junior Championships Player of the Game | 2008 vs. United States<br>2009 vs. Finland<br>2009 vs. Slovakia<br>2010 vs. Finland |
| World Junior Championships Tournament All Star Team | 2009 |

### Professional

| Award | Year |
| --- | --- |
| KHL Rookie of the Week | Week of November 22, 2009 |
| KHL Best Newcomer of the Month | November 2009 |

## InfoBox

| Nikita Filatov | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Filatov in 2010 | | | |
| Born | (1990-05-25) May 25, 1990<br>Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union | | |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (183 cm) | | |
| Weight | 190 lb (86 kg; 13 st 8 lb) | | |
| Position | Left wing | | |
| Shot | Right | | |
| Played for | CSKA Moscow<br>Columbus Blue Jackets<br>Ottawa Senators<br>Salavat Yulaev Ufa<br>Yugra Khanty-Mansiysk<br>Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod<br>Admiral Vladivostok<br>Dynamo Moscow<br>Lada Togliatti<br>Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk<br>Spartak Moscow | | |
| NHL draft | 6th overall, 2008<br>Columbus Blue Jackets | | |
| Playing career | 20072019 | | |


title: WPTJ

abstract: WPTJ is a radio station broadcasting a Christian format. Licensed to Paris, Kentucky, United States, the station serves the Lexington area. The station is owned by Somerset Educational Broadcasting Foundation.

text:
# WPTJ

**WPTJ** (90.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Christian format. Licensed to Paris, Kentucky, United States, the station serves the Lexington area. The station is owned by Somerset Educational Broadcasting Foundation.

## History

The station began broadcasting in August 2003, and was owned by Lay Witness Broadcasting. In 2018, the station was sold to Somerset Educational Broadcasting Foundation for $240,000.

## InfoBox

WPTJ
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Lexington metropolitan area |
| Frequency | 90.7 MHz |
| Branding | King of Kings Radio |
| Programming | |
| Format | Christian radio |
| Affiliations | King of Kings Radio |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Somerset Educational Broadcasting Foundation |
| History | |
| First air date | August 2003 |
| Call sign meaning | Winning People To Jesus |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 93789 |
| Class | C3 |
| ERP | 10,000 watts |
| HAAT | 96.0 meters (315.0 ft) |
| Transmitter coordinates | 38°19′40″N 84°7′44″W / 38.32778°N 84.12889°W / 38.32778; -84.12889 |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Online |
| Website | www.kingofkingsradio.com |


title: Nikon D3100

abstract: The Nikon D3100 is a 14.2-megapixel DX format DSLR Nikon F-mount camera announced by Nikon on August 19, 2010. It replaced the D3000 as Nikon's entry level DSLR. It introduced Nikon's new EXPEED 2 image processor and was the first Nikon DSLR featuring full high-definition video recording with full-time autofocus and H.264 compression, instead of Motion JPEG compression. It was also the first Nikon DSLR to provide high-definition video recording at more than one frame rate. Use is assisted by two Guide Modes: Easy Operation and Advanced Operation tutorial. On April 19, 2012, the D3200 superseded the D3100 as Nikon's entry-level DSLR.

text:
# Nikon D3100

The **Nikon D3100** is a 14.2-megapixel DX format DSLR Nikon F-mount camera announced by Nikon on August 19, 2010. It replaced the D3000 as Nikon's entry level DSLR. It introduced Nikon's new EXPEED 2 image processor and was the first Nikon DSLR featuring full high-definition video recording with full-time autofocus and H.264 compression, instead of Motion JPEG compression. It was also the first Nikon DSLR to provide high-definition video recording at more than one frame rate.

Use is assisted by two Guide Modes: Easy Operation and Advanced Operation tutorial. On April 19, 2012, the D3200 superseded the D3100 as Nikon's entry-level DSLR.

## Features

* Nikon's 14.2-megapixel Nikon DX format CMOS sensor with 12 Bit Resolution.
* Nikon EXPEED 2 image processor.
* Active D-Lighting.
* Automatic chromatic aberration correction.
* Sensor cleaning and airflow control system.
* 3.0-inch 230,000-dot resolution fixed TFT LCD
* Continuous Drive up to 3 frames per second.
* Live view mode. Live view AF modes: Face priority, Wide area, Normal area, Subject tracking
* Full High Definition video recording (1080p for 10 minutes at 24 frames per second in H.264 codec), additionally 720p30/25/24 and 480p24
* Full-time autofocus in movie mode.
* 3D Color Matrix Metering II with Scene Recognition System.
* 3D Tracking Multi-CAM 1000 autofocus sensor module with 11 AF points.
* ISO sensitivity 100 to 3200 (6400 and 12800 with boost).
* Nikon F-mount lenses.
* i-TTL flash exposure system without built-in, but support for external wireless flash commander.
* Extended In-camera retouching: D-Lighting, Red-eye reduction, Trimming, Monochrome & filter effects, Color balance, Small picture, Image overlay, NEF (raw) processing, Quick retouch, Straighten, Distortion control, Fisheye, Color outline, Perspective control, Miniature effect, Edit movie
* File formats: JPEG, NEF (Nikon's raw, 12-bit compressed)
* Compatibility with SDXC memory cards

Like Nikon's other consumer-level DSLRs, the D3100 has no in-body autofocus motor, and fully automatic autofocus requires one of the currently 162 lenses with an integrated autofocus-motor. With any other lens, the camera's electronic rangefinder can be used to manually adjust focus.

Can mount unmodified A-lenses (also called Non-AI, Pre-AI or F-type) with support of the electronic rangefinder and without metering.

### Optional accessories

The Nikon D3100 has available accessories such as:

* Nikon GP-1 GPS Unit for direct GPS geotagging. Third party solutions partly with 3-axis compass, data-logger, bluetooth and support for indoor use are available from Solmeta, Dawn, Easytag, Foolography, Gisteq and Phottix. See comparisons/reviews.
* Battery grip third party solutions are available.
* Nikon CF-DC1 Soft Case.
* Third party solutions for WLAN transmitter are available.
* Various Nikon Speedlight or third party flash units including devices with Nikon Creative Lighting System wireless flash commander or support for SU-800 Wireless Speedlight Commander.

Third party radio (wireless) flash control triggers are partly supporting i-TTL, but do not support the Nikon Creative Lighting System (CLS). See reviews. * Common Optional Lens: AF-S DX NIKKOR 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G VR, AF-S DX NIKKOR 18-105mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR, AF NIKKOR 50mm f/1.8D. Note: Lenses without an internal autofocus motor can only use manual focus on the Nikon D3100.
* Other accessories from Nikon and third parties, include protective cases and bags, eyepiece adapters and correction lenses, and underwater housings.

## Reception

The D3100 has received many independent reviews and image comparisons at all ISO speeds.

The D3100 is the only known Nikon DSLR with an image sensor interface integrating analog-to-digital converters *not* made by Nikon: The result is a dynamic range *only* at the level of competitors like the (higher priced) Canon EOS 600D; lower than other current Nikon DSLRs.

## InfoBox

Nikon D3100
| Nikon D3100 with the Nikon 18-55mm zoom lens. | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Type | Digital single-lens reflex |
| Lens | |
| Lens | Interchangeable, Nikon F-mount |
| Sensor/medium | |
| Sensor | 23.1 mm × 15.4 mm Nikon DX format RGB CMOS sensor, 1.5 × FOV crop, 4.94 μm pixel size |
| Sensor maker | Nikon |
| Maximum resolution | 4,608 × 3,072 (14.2 effective megapixels) |
| Film speed | 100–3200 in 1/3 EV steps, up to 12800 as boost |
| Recording medium | Secure Digital, SDHC and SDXC compatible |
| Focusing | |
| Focus modes | AF-A (Auto-servo AF); AF-S (Single-servo AF); AF-C (Continuous-servo AF); MF (Manual focus). |
| Focus areas | 11-area AF system, Multi-CAM 1000 AF Sensor Module |
| Exposure/metering | |
| Exposure modes | Auto modes (auto, auto \[flash off\]), Guide Mode, Advanced Scene Modes (Portrait, Landscape, Sports, Close-up, Night Portrait), programmed auto with flexible program (P), shutter-priority auto (S), aperture-priority auto (A), manual (M), (Q) quiet mode. |
| Exposure metering | TTL 3D Color Matrix Metering II metering with a 420-pixel RGB sensor |
| Metering modes | 3D Color Matrix Metering II, Center-weighted and Spot |
| Flash | |
| Flash | Built in Pop-up, Guide number 13m at ISO 100, Standard ISO hotshoe, Compatible with the Nikon Creative Lighting System |
| Flash bracketing | 2 or 3 frames in steps of 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 1 or 2 EV |
| Shutter | |
| Shutter | Electronically-controlled vertical-travel focal-plane shutter |
| Shutter speed range | 30 s to 1/4000 s in 1/2 or 1/3 stops and Bulb, 1/200 s X-sync |
| Continuous shooting | 3 frame/s |
| Viewfinder | |
| Viewfinder | Optical 0.80x, 95% Pentamirror |
| Image processing | |
| White balance | Auto, Incandescent, Fluorescent, Sunlight, Flash, Cloudy, Shade, Preset |
| General | |
| LCD screen | 3.0-inch 230,000 pixel TFT-LCD |
| Battery | Nikon EN-EL14 rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery |
| Weight | Approx. 455 g (1.003 lb) without battery, memory card or body cap |
| Made in | Thailand |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Nikon D3000 |
| Successor | Nikon D3200 |


title: James McManus (rugby league)

abstract: James McManus is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer. A New South Wales State of Origin representative, he played for the Newcastle Knights in the National Rugby League as a winger.

text:
# James McManus (rugby league)

**James McManus** (born 15 January 1986) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer. A New South Wales State of Origin representative, he played for the Newcastle Knights in the National Rugby League as a winger.

## Background

McManus was born in Banff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland and moved to Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia at the age of nine after his father died and his mother married an Australian man. McManus played his junior rugby league for the Katherine Bushrangers, and later for the Palmerston Raiders in Northern Territory Rugby League competition, and graduated to the Northern Territory Institute of Sport's rugby league programme. He was signed by the Newcastle Knights while playing for the Northern Territory in Darwin in the Australian under-18s championships in 2003.

## Professional playing career

McManus played for the Knights in the Jersey Flegg Cup before graduating to their NSWRL Premier League team. He made his NRL début during the 2007 Newcastle Knights season. He was selected for Country in the City vs Country match on 8 May 2009. McManus got injured after playing one match for New South Wales rugby league team for the 2009 State of Origin series, therefore didn't take part in the rest of the series and resulting in McManus missing the second half of 2009 and the first half of 2010. On 13 March 2013, McManus re-signed with the Knights on a 3-year contract.

3 years after McManus' début in representative football, he returned to the representative arena, being selected for Country Origin again in 2012. On 7 July, McManus was named for the 2013 State of Origin decider following a string of strong performances at club level. For the third and deciding game of the 2013 State of Origin series McManus was selected as wing for New South Wales, and scored a try in the Blues' loss. McManus finished the 2013 NRL season as the league's equal leading try scorer with 19 for the regular season. He shared the award with David Simmons of Penrith and David Williams from Manly. McManus was selected on the wing for New South Wales for Game 3 of the 2014 State of Origin series.

On 3 May 2015, McManus played for New South Wales Country against New South Wales City in the 2015 City vs Country Origin. He scored a try.

After suffering a concussion in Round 20 of the 2015 season, McManus was sidelined for the rest of the year and it was speculated that he would be forced to retire. On 2 February 2016, it was announced that he would sit out the 2016 season and work through his options. He officially announced his retirement from rugby league on 10 August 2016.

He was eligible to play for the Scottish national rugby league team as he was born in Scotland.

## InfoBox

James McManus
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1986-01-15) 15 January 1986<br>Banff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland |
| Playing information | |
| Height | 186 cm (6 ft 1 in) |
| Weight | 91 kg (14 st 5 lb) |
| Position | Wing |
| Club  Years Team Pld T G FG P  2007–15 Newcastle Knights 166 72 0 0 288  Representative  Years Team Pld T G FG P  2009–15 NSW Country 5 3 0 0 12  2009–14 New South Wales 3 1 0 0 4 | |
| Source: | |


title: Henry, Sussex County, Virginia

abstract: Henry is an unincorporated community in Sussex County, Virginia, United States. The community is 4.3 miles (6.9 km) east of Jarratt.

text:
# Henry, Sussex County, Virginia

**Henry** (also known as **Henry Crossroads**) is an unincorporated community in Sussex County, Virginia, United States. The community is 4.3 miles (6.9 km) east of Jarratt.

## InfoBox

| Henry, Virginia | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| HenryHenry | |
| Coordinates: 36°47′49″N 77°23′34″W / 36.79694°N 77.39278°W / 36.79694; -77.39278 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Virginia |
| County | Sussex |
| Elevation | 128 ft (39 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Area code | 804 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1477408 |


title: Tillandsia koehresiana

abstract: Tillandsia koehresiana is a species in the genus Tillandsia. This species is endemic to Bolivia.

text:
# Tillandsia koehresiana

***Tillandsia koehresiana*** is a species in the genus *Tillandsia*. This species is endemic to Bolivia.

* Krömer, Thorsten; Kessler, Michael; Holst, Bruce K.; Luther, Harry E.; Gouda, Eric J.; Ibisch, Pierre L.; Till, Walter; Vásquez, Roberto (1 October 1999). "Checklist of Bolivian Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism". *Selbyana*. **20** (2): 201–223. ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41760025.

## InfoBox

| *Tillandsia koehresiana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Bromeliaceae |
| Genus: | *Tillandsia* |
| Subgenus: | *Tillandsia subg. Aerobia* |
| Species: | ***T. koehresiana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tillandsia koehresiana***<br>Ehlers | |
|


title: Krumau am Kamp

abstract: Krumau am Kamp is a town in the district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. It was the birthplace of the naturalist and army officer Christoph Feldegg (1779–1845)

text:
# Krumau am Kamp

**Krumau am Kamp** is a town in the district of Krems-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.

It was the birthplace of the naturalist and army officer Christoph Feldegg (1779–1845)

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1971 | 1,041 |  |
| 1981 | 889 | −14.6% |
| 1991 | 827 | −7.0% |
| 2001 | 806 | −2.5% |

## InfoBox

| Krumau am Kamp | |
| --- | --- |
| Southwest view of Krumau am Kamp | |
|  | |
| Krumau am KampLocation within Austria | |
| Coordinates: 48°35′N 15°26′E / 48.583°N 15.433°E / 48.583; 15.433 | |
| Country | Austria |
| State | Lower Austria |
| District | Krems-Land |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Erwin Warnung |
| Area | |
| Total | 26.84 km2 (10.36 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 370 m (1,210 ft) |
| Population (2018-01-01) | |
| Total | 759 |
| Density | 28/km2 (73/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 3543 |
| Area code | 02731 |
| Website | www.krumau.at |


abstract: The history of professional baseball in Allentown, Pennsylvania dates back 138 years, starting with the formation of the Allentown Dukes in 1884 and continuing through the present with its hosting of the Allentown-based Lehigh Valley IronPigs, the Triple-A Minor League affiliate of the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball, who play at Coca-Cola Park on the city's East Side.

text:
# History of professional baseball in Allentown, Pennsylvania

The **history of professional baseball in Allentown, Pennsylvania** dates back 138 years, starting with the formation of the Allentown Dukes in 1884 and continuing through the present with its hosting of the Allentown-based Lehigh Valley IronPigs, the Triple-A Minor League affiliate of the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball, who play at Coca-Cola Park on the city's East Side.

## History

### 19th century

Professional baseball premiered in Allentown in 1884, when the Allentown Dukes completed one season in the original Eastern League. Four years later, the city fielded a Central League team, the Allentown Peanuts, which also folded after a season.

In the 1890s, a series of baseball clubs emerged in the city. The Allentown Colts played in the Pennsylvania State League from 1892–93. The next year, the team became Kelly's Killers, named for its player-manager, future Hall of Fame member King Kelly. Late in the season, Kelly moved the Eastern League's Binghamton Bingoes here as the Allentown Buffalos. Kelly, the era's most flamboyant figure, died of pneumonia that fall at age 35, and the Buffalos were dissolved.

In 1895, the Allentown Goobers returned to Pennsylvania State League play for one season. In 1898, yet another team was formed, re-using the name the Allentown Peanuts. The Peanuts played for three seasons in the Atlantic League, which succeeded the Pennsylvania State League in 1896. The league and the team were dissolved in 1900.

### 20th century

Over the next two decades, the city saw limited play. In 1908, Allentown hosted a team in the Pennsylvania-New Jersey League, and a Tri-State League club played here from 1912 to 1914. Then, in the 1920s, the name the Allentown Dukes was revived for a semi-professional team that played four seasons (1923–26) at Edgemont Field, a new ballfield at Second and Susquehanna Streets. On September 7, 1923 the Dukes played an exhibition game with the New York Yankees at Edgemont Field. The Dukes tied the score at 7–7 in the eighth inning. In the ninth, Babe Ruth struck out with the bases loaded, and the Dukes scored in the bottom of the inning to win 8–7. The semi-pro team led to the start of an Eastern League team under the same name in 1929. League champions the next year, the team was renamed the Allentown Buffaloes in 1931. At the end of the 1932 season, the league collapsed, and the Buffaloes folded.

In 1935, the city landed its first Major League farm team, when the Brooklyn Dodgers moved their Reading Brooks franchise here just six games into the season. The Allentown Brooks, like the Dukes and Buffaloes, played their home games at the Allentown Fairgrounds. The club, which was in the New York–Pennsylvania League (forerunner of today's Eastern League), finished out the 1936 season, but did not return the next year.

In 1939, the Boston Braves established an Interstate League club, again using the name the Allentown Dukes, and a new park was built on the city's South Side, Fairview Field (now Earl F. Hunsicker Bicentennial Park). The team won the league championship that year. The next year, 1940, the league was upgraded from Class C to B, and the team became the Allentown Fleetwings, a St. Louis Cardinals franchise. The Philadelphia Phillies took over in 1941, playing a season as the Allentown Wings, but the franchise reverted to St. Louis the next year. Renamed the Allentown Cardinals in 1944, the team played at Fairview Field until 1948, when St. Louis Cardinals owner Sam Breadon built a new park. Breadon Field, a steel and concrete stadium that seated 5,000 fans, was located just north of the city in Whitehall Township.

The demise of the Interstate League at the end of the 1952 season resulted in a one-year lull for the franchise. In 1954, the Allentown Cardinals returned as a member of the Class A Eastern League. The team won the league championship in 1955, but had its final season the next year, 1956. Midway through the 1957 season, the Syracuse Chiefs, an unaffiliated Eastern League team, moved to Allentown on July 13 to finish out the season. The Allentown Chiefs were replaced a year later by a Boston Red Sox franchise. The Allentown Red Sox played three seasons at the Whitehall ball park, which was bought by Hess's department store owner Max Hess, Jr., and renamed Max Hess Stadium. When the Red Sox left at the end of the 1960 season, the stadium closed and was demolished in 1964. Today, the site is the home of the Lehigh Valley Mall, which opened in 1976. The ballfield was located near the mall's entrance from MacArthur Road.

In 1997, professional baseball returned to the city with the startup of the Allentown Ambassadors, an independent team that played in the Northeast and Northern leagues. The club, which had its last full season in 2003, was based at Bicentennial Park in South Allentown.

The city unveiled Coca-Cola Park, a $48.4 million, 8,500-seat stadium, in 2008. The stadium was constructed on Allentown's east side to serve as the home field for the Philadelphia Phillies' AAA-level Minor League baseball team, the Lehigh Valley IronPigs. The IronPigs, a member of the International League, are the first Major League-affiliated club to play in the city since 1960.

## 21st century

During Summer 2008, the Lehigh Valley Heritage Museum introduced an exhibit, "Play Ball! Baseball in America and the Lehigh Valley," celebrating the history of baseball in Allentown and the surrounding region.


title: Valmont Industries

abstract: Valmont Industries, Inc. (NYSE: VMI) is a large, publicly held American manufacturer of Valley center pivot and linear irrigation equipment, windmill support structures, lighting and traffic poles and steel utility poles. Their corporate office is in Omaha, Nebraska. Their plant and aviation department is in Valley, Nebraska. Valmont has many worldwide locations including Europe, China and India. The company name comes from a combination of the names of two nearby towns, Fremont and Valley. Mogens Bay was appointed Head Chairman and C.E.O. following the retirement of founder Robert B. Daugherty in 2004.

text:
# Valmont Industries

**Valmont Industries, Inc.** (NYSE: VMI) is a large, publicly held American manufacturer of Valley center pivot and linear irrigation equipment, windmill support structures, lighting and traffic poles and steel utility poles.

Their corporate office is in Omaha, Nebraska. Their plant and aviation department is in Valley, Nebraska. Valmont has many worldwide locations including Europe, China and India . The company name comes from a combination of the names of two nearby towns, Fremont and Valley.

Mogens Bay was appointed Head Chairman and C.E.O. following the retirement of founder Robert B. Daugherty in 2004.

## InfoBox

Valmont Industries
|
|  |
| Company type | Public |
| Traded as | NYSE: VMI<br>S&P 400 Component |
| Industry | Diversified Industrial |
| Founded | 1946 (1946) in Nebraska, United States |
| Founder | Robert B. Daugherty |
| Headquarters | 15000 Valmont Plaza, Omaha, Nebraska, United States |
| Area served | International |
| Key people | Avner M. Applbaum, President and CEO |
| Products | Products for the infrastructure and agriculture markets |
| Brands | 31 |
| Revenue | $4.3 billion net sales |
| Total assets | 84 manufacturing facilities |
| Number of employees | 11,000 (2023) |
| Website | www.valmont.com |


title: Nikon D3X

abstract: The Nikon D3X is a 24.4-megapixel professional-grade full-frame digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) announced by the Nikon Corporation on 1 December 2008. The D3X is the third camera in Nikon's line to offer a full-frame sensor, following the D3 and D700. As Nikon's new flagship model, it augments the Nikon D3S, Nikon's high-speed professional model, and while the D3S retains advantages in terms of high ISO performance and higher frame rate, the D3X offers a dramatic increase in resolution and image detail. The D3S and D3X follow the earlier Nikon D1, Nikon D2H, Nikon D2Hs, Nikon D2X, Nikon D2Xs, and Nikon D3 as the company's top-of-the-line DSLRs intended for professional photographers, which in turn share a lineage with the Nikon F through Nikon F6 series of film SLRs.

text:
# Nikon D3X

The **Nikon D3X** is a 24.4-megapixel professional-grade full-frame digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) announced by the Nikon Corporation on 1 December 2008. The D3X is the third camera in Nikon's line to offer a full-frame sensor, following the D3 and D700. As Nikon's new flagship model, it augments the Nikon D3S, Nikon's high-speed professional model, and while the D3S retains advantages in terms of high ISO performance and higher frame rate, the D3X offers a dramatic increase in resolution and image detail.

The D3S and D3X follow the earlier Nikon D1, Nikon D2H, Nikon D2Hs, Nikon D2X, Nikon D2Xs, and Nikon D3 as the company's top-of-the-line DSLRs intended for professional photographers, which in turn share a lineage with the Nikon F through Nikon F6 series of film SLRs.

## Features

It otherwise offers nearly all the features of the D3S, including robust weather-sealed alloy-body construction and a built-in vertical grip. Its Nikon EXPEED image processor features automatic correction of lateral chromatic aberration, and vignetting ("vignette control") and lens distortion ("distortion"), as well as image rotation ("straighten") via playback ("retouch") menu and in camera 5:4 aspect ratio cropping.

## Reception

The combination of very high resolution with the option of 14-bit per channel recording and a very sharp anti-aliasing filter (which Nikon claims is a unique design) provides extremely high image quality, with superior dynamic range and color accuracy compared with that of other 35mm-format digital cameras.

Reception of the Nikon D3X by independent reviewers has been very positive, with reservations centered on just a few disadvantages, especially its high price. Imaging Resource concludes that the D3X produces the highest image quality of any camera they have tested to date. Digital Photography Review likewise concludes that the resolution and image detail is stunning, probably the best of any digital SLR camera on the market, including the closest competitor from Canon, the EOS-1Ds Mark III. Nikon claims the D3X is a competitor to medium-format digital backs, a claim supported both by testing and by many D3X users who report on their experiences online. On the down side, Digital Photography Review notes that the D3X performs worse than the D3 in terms of speed (frame rate) and high ISO performance. Like many reviewers, they also point out the most obvious disadvantage of the D3X: the camera lists for $8000, though the present market price is much lower.

The Nikon D3X has been tested by many other independent reviewers. Sample images with many cameras at all ISO speeds can be compared. In May 2009, the D3X won the TIPA European Photo & Imaging Award, in the "Best D-SLR Professional" category.

## InfoBox

Nikon D3X
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Type | Digital single-lens reflex camera |
| Released | 1 December 2008 |
| Intro price | $7,999.95 |
| Lens | |
| Lens | Interchangeable, Nikon F-mount |
| Sensor/medium | |
| Sensor | 35.9 mm × 24 mm CMOS, Nikon FX format, 5.95µm pixel size |
| Maximum resolution | 6048 × 4032 pixels<br>(24.4 megapixels) |
| Film speed | ISO equivalency 100 to 1600 in 1/3, 1/2 or 1.0 EV steps, Boost: 50–6400 in 1/3, 1/2 or 1.0 EV steps |
| Recording medium | Two CompactFlash (Type I or Type II) & MicroDrive card slots |
| Focusing | |
| Focus modes | Single-servo AF (S), Continuous-servo AF (C), Manual |
| Focus areas | 51-area Nikon Multi-CAM 3500FX |
| Focus bracketing | none |
| Exposure/metering | |
| Exposure modes | Programmed Auto \[P\], Shutter-Priority Auto \[S\], Aperture-Priority Auto \[A\], Manual \[M\] |
| Exposure metering | TTL full aperture exposure metering system |
| Metering modes | 1,005-pixel RGB 3D Color Matrix Metering II, Variable Center-Weighted, Spot AF |
| Flash | |
| Flash | n/a |
| Flash bracketing | n/a |
| Shutter | |
| Shutter | Electronically controlled vertical-travel focal-plane shutter |
| Shutter speed range | 30 to 1/8000 second and bulb |
| Continuous shooting | 5 frame/s (7 frame/s in DX crop mode) |
| Viewfinder | |
| Viewfinder | Optical-type fixed eye level pentaprism |
| Image processing | |
| White balance | Auto, Presets (5), Manual, and Color temperature in kelvins |
| WB bracketing | 2 to 9 frames, 10,20,30 MIRED steps |
| General | |
| LCD screen | 3-inch diagonal, 307,000 pixels (920,000 dots), TFT VGA |
| Battery | Li-ion EN-EL4a |
| Optional battery packs | EH-6 AC Adapter |
| Weight | 1,220 g (2.69 lb) |
| Made in | Japan |


title: Gustavo Silva Pizarro

abstract: Gustavo Silva Pizarro was a Chilean lawyer, political scientist and the sixth Mayor of the commune of Pichilemu, office which he held for nine years between May 1915 and May 1924.

text:
# Gustavo Silva Pizarro

**Gustavo Silva Pizarro** (1884  1960) was a Chilean lawyer, political scientist and the sixth Mayor of the commune of Pichilemu, office which he held for nine years between May 1915 and May 1924.

## Biography

Gustavo Silva Pizarro obtained a degree in Law and Political Sciences from the University of Chile on 15 November 1909, subsequently becoming a lawyer.

He married Lucía Silva Henríquez, sister of Catholic Cardinal Raúl Silva Henríquez, with whom he had nine children: Raúl, Lucía, Teresa, Patricio, Enrique, Ricardo, Bernardo (married with Mónica Donoso Flores), Andrés (married with Yolanda Oelkers Robles), and Mercedes (married with Hugo Donoso Donoso).

### Political career and mayorship of Pichilemu

Gustavo Silva Pizarro was elected mayor (*primer alcalde*) of Pichilemu in 1915 for a three-year term, and re-elected for the 191821 and 192124 terms. In the 1924 election, Luis Barahona Fornés was elected mayor and Silva Pizarro was relegated to a *regidor* office for the 19241927 term.

During Silva Pizarro's tenure as mayor of Pichilemu, on 2 January 1919, the municipality contracted for the first time a doctor, Joaquín Browne, to provide health services for the commune.

## Works

* *Estudio sobre la institución jurídica de los retractos* (1909), Impr. y Enc. Victoria

## InfoBox

| Gustavo Silva Pizarro | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 6th Mayor of Pichilemu | |
| **In office**<br>4 May 1915  4 May 1924 | |
| Preceded by | José Santos Becerra |
| Succeeded by | Luis Barahona Fornés |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1884 |
| Died | 1960 |
| Nationality | Chilean |
| Residence(s) | Pichilemu, Chile |
| Alma mater | University of Chile |
| Occupation | Public worker |
|  | |


title: Hollywood Star Lanes

abstract: Hollywood Star Lanes was a 32-lane bowling alley located on Santa Monica Boulevard in Los Angeles, California. Open from 1960 to 2002, the alley was featured in the film The Big Lebowski, which was filmed on location over three weeks of the eleven-week filming schedule. It was also a filming location for The Big Empty. In 2002, the alley was closed after the Los Angeles Unified School District seized the land by eminent domain in order to build an elementary school at the site. In July 1977, the area behind the bowling alley was used by the FBI as a staging area to conduct a raid on two nearby Scientology locations.

text:
# Hollywood Star Lanes

**Hollywood Star Lanes** was a 32-lane bowling alley located on Santa Monica Boulevard in Los Angeles, California. Open from 1960 to 2002, the alley was featured in the film *The Big Lebowski*, which was filmed on location over three weeks of the eleven-week filming schedule. It was also a filming location for *The Big Empty*. In 2002, the alley was closed after the Los Angeles Unified School District seized the land by eminent domain in order to build an elementary school at the site (today known as Kingsley Elementary School).

In July 1977, the area behind the bowling alley was used by the FBI as a staging area to conduct a raid on two nearby Scientology locations.

34°5′28.28″N 118°18′12.56″W / 34.0911889°N 118.3034889°W / 34.0911889; -118.3034889


title: Paul Martin (ice hockey)

abstract: Paul Joseph Martin is an American former ice hockey defenseman. He was drafted by the New Jersey Devils in the second round, 62nd overall, of the 2000 NHL Entry Draft, playing six seasons for the organization before joining the Pittsburgh Penguins in 2010 and later the San Jose Sharks in 2015.

text:
# Paul Martin (ice hockey)

**Paul Joseph Martin** (born March 5, 1981) is an American former ice hockey defenseman. He was drafted by the New Jersey Devils in the second round, 62nd overall, of the 2000 NHL Entry Draft, playing six seasons for the organization before joining the Pittsburgh Penguins in 2010 and later the San Jose Sharks in 2015.

## Playing career

### High school/collegiate

Martin played high school hockey at Elk River High School and was the Mr. Hockey award winner. In 2000, he was drafted in the second round, 62nd overall, by the New Jersey Devils. He has sound offensive instincts and a projectable frame, and is a classic stay at home defenseman. He was part of a successful program at the University of Minnesota in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA). He helped his school win the 2002 and 2003 NCAA Division I National Championships.

### Professional

Martin joined the Devils for the 2003–04 season, playing 70 games in his first full season, putting up 24 points. The next season, Martin played for Fribourg-Gottéron in Switzerland due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout. He returned the next season, this time appearing in 80 games while increasing his point production to 37.

During the 2006–07 season, Martin played the entire 82-game season, though his point total dropped to 26. During the 2009–10 season, Martin suffered a non-displaced fracture in his left forearm, playing in just 22 games and scoring a career-low 11 points.

Martin signed a five-year, US$25 million contract with the Pittsburgh Penguins as an unrestricted free agent on July 1, 2010. He made his Penguins regular season debut on October 7, 2010, against the Philadelphia Flyers, picking up the primary assist on Tyler Kennedy's third period goal, the Penguins' first ever at the Consol Energy Center. He returned to New Jersey to face his former team for the first time on October 11, and finished the game with a goal, an assist and over 26 minutes of ice time in a 3–1 Penguins victory.

Martin scored his first Stanley Cup playoff goal with the Penguins on April 13, 2012, against the Philadelphia Flyers in an 8–5 Penguins loss. He was scratched with an undisclosed injury for Game 4.

On July 1, 2015, Martin was signed as a free agent to a four-year, $19.4 million deal with the San Jose Sharks. He lost to his former team, the Penguins, in the 2016 Stanley Cup Finals. On January 16, 2018, the Sharks assigned Martin to their American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the San Jose Barracuda.

On June 22, 2018, the Sharks placed Martin on unconditional waivers for purpose of a buyout. He cleared waivers on June 23, 2018.

He announced his retirement on November 14, 2018.

## International play

Martin was named to Team USA for the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin and again for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, along with then-Devils teammates Zach Parise and Jamie Langenbrunner. Martin, however, did not see any action in the 2006 Winter Olympics, and missed the 2010 Winter Olympics due to a broken arm; he was replaced in the latter tournament by Tim Gleason.

Martin was also named to Team USA for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, where the U.S. failed to medal.

## Philanthropy

In 2017, Martin launched the Shine A Ligh7 Foundation, a non-profit organization that distributes funds to qualified non-profit organizations who raise awareness and reduce the stigma for those affected by bullying, depression, and mental health issues.

## Career statistics

### Regular season and playoffs

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1998–99 | Elk River High School | HS-MN | | 24 | 9 | 11 | 20 |  | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1999–2000 | Elk River High School | HS-MN | | 24 | 15 | 35 | 50 | 26 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2000–01 | University of Minnesota | WCHA | | 38 | 3 | 17 | 20 | 8 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2001–02 | University of Minnesota | WCHA | | 44 | 8 | 30 | 38 | 22 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2002–03 | University of Minnesota | WCHA | | 45 | 9 | 30 | 39 | 32 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2003–04 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | | 70 | 6 | 18 | 24 | 4 | | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 2004–05 | HC Fribourg–Gottéron | NLA | | 11 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2005–06 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | | 80 | 5 | 32 | 37 | 32 | | 9 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 2006–07 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | | 82 | 3 | 23 | 26 | 18 | | 11 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 6 |
| 2007–08 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | | 73 | 5 | 27 | 32 | 22 | | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| 2008–09 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | | 73 | 5 | 28 | 33 | 36 | | 7 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| 2009–10 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | | 22 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 2 | | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2010–11 | Pittsburgh Penguins | NHL | | 77 | 3 | 21 | 24 | 16 | | 7 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2011–12 | Pittsburgh Penguins | NHL | | 73 | 2 | 25 | 27 | 18 | | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2012–13 | Pittsburgh Penguins | NHL | | 34 | 6 | 17 | 23 | 14 | | 15 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 4 |
| 2013–14 | Pittsburgh Penguins | NHL | | 39 | 3 | 12 | 15 | 10 | | 13 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 6 |
| 2014–15 | Pittsburgh Penguins | NHL | | 74 | 3 | 17 | 20 | 20 | | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2015–16 | San Jose Sharks | NHL | | 78 | 3 | 17 | 20 | 22 | | 24 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| 2016–17 | San Jose Sharks | NHL | | 81 | 4 | 22 | 26 | 20 | | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 2017–18 | San Jose Sharks | NHL | | 14 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2017–18 | San Jose Barracuda | AHL | | 18 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| NHL totals | | | | 870 | 50 | 270 | 320 | 238 | | 122 | 6 | 40 | 46 | 44 |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | Result |  | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | United States | WJC | 5th | | 7 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| 2004 | United States | WCH | 4th | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2005 | United States | WC | 6th | | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2008 | United States | WC | 6th | | 7 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 0 |
| 2014 | United States | OG | 4th | | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Junior totals | | | | | 7 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Senior totals | | | | | 21 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 4 |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| College | | |
| All-WCHA Rookie Team | 2000–01 |  |
| All-WCHA Second Team | 2001–02, 2002–03 |  |
| AHCA West Second-Team All-American | 2002–03 |  |
| All-NCAA All-Tournament Team | 2003 |  |

## InfoBox

| Paul Martin | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Born | (1981-03-05) March 5, 1981
Elk River, Minnesota, U.S. | | |
| Height | 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) | | |
| Weight | 200 lb (91 kg; 14 st 4 lb) | | |
| Position | Defence | | |
| Shot | Left | | |
| Played for | New Jersey Devils
Fribourg-Gottéron
Pittsburgh Penguins
San Jose Sharks | | |
| National team | United States | | |
| NHL draft | 62nd overall, 2000
New Jersey Devils | | |
| Playing career | 20032018
**Coaching career** | | |
| Current position | |
| Title | Graduate Assistant coach |
| Team | Minnesota |
| Conference | Big Ten |
| Biographical details | |
| Alma mater | University of Minnesota |
| Coaching career (HC unless noted) | |
| 2020–2021 | Minnesota (Undergrad asst.) |
| 2022–Present | Minnesota (Grad asst.) |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Henry-Clément Sanson

abstract: Henry-Clément Sanson was a French executioner. He held the position of Royal Executioner of the City of Paris, serving King Louis-Philippe I from 1840 to 1847. Sanson was born into a long line of executioners. His father was Henri Sanson, the city's chief executioner for 47 years, and his grandfather was Charles-Henri Sanson, the storied executioner of royals and revolutionaries.

text:
# Henry-Clément Sanson

**Henry-Clément Sanson** (27 May 1799 – 25 January 1889) was a French executioner. He held the position of Royal Executioner of the City of Paris, serving King Louis-Philippe I from 1840 to 1847.

Sanson was born into a long line of executioners. His father was Henri Sanson, the city's chief executioner for 47 years, and his grandfather was Charles-Henri Sanson, the storied executioner of royals and revolutionaries.

## Personal history

Early in his career as executioner, Henry-Clément was described contemporaneously as being "in person a fine figure, with an elegant and noble countenance, and a very sweet and agreeable expression". His pleasant demeanor belied a deep inner anguish: he simply could not reconcile himself to his family profession. His profound unhappiness led him to seek anaesthetic refuge in alcohol and other vices. Most unlike his rectitudinous forebears, Henry-Clément immersed himself in a dissolute and profligate lifestyle, and his extravagance left him desperately in need of income. Among other unconventional methods of moneymaking, he established a *musée des horreurs* in his home, where for five francs the curious public could watch the famous Sanson family guillotine be used to decapitate a sheep.

## Career as executioner

Henry-Clement served less than eight years as the *Monsieur de Paris*, the shortest duration of any of the Sanson dynasty. The end of his career came in 1847, after he was compelled by debt to pawn his ancestral guillotine for 3,000 francs. He attempted to commence his next execution armed only with one of his ancestor's axes. The French government bought the guillotine back, summoned Sanson back for the execution, and dismissed him immediately when it was complete.

Henry-Clément was the last executioner of the Sanson family line. He was replaced by Charles-André Férey.

## Memoirs

After his dismissal, Henry-Clement dictated his memoirs to a journalist, the six-volume *Seven Generations of Executioners, 1688 - 1847*. Though often dismissed as fiction - like the spurious "memoirs" ascribed to his grandfather - Henri-Clement's recollections are considered by some scholars to have at least a basis in fact. Admittedly ghostwritten (and probably embellished), *Seven Generations* is considered reasonably reliable and may even draw upon an actual diary written by his grandfather.

## Further reading

* Henri Sanson (ed.), *Executioners All: Memoirs of the Sanson Family from Private Notes and Documents 1688-1847*. London: Neville Spearman, 1962.


title: Tillandsia kammii

abstract: Tillandsia kammii is a species in the genus Tillandsia that is native to Honduras, but has also been collected in El Salvador. It was first discovered in Honduras in 1977 in the regions of Olancho, Lempira and Copan. Its common name is Kamm's tillandsia.

text:
# Tillandsia kammii

***Tillandsia kammii*** is a species in the genus *Tillandsia* that is native to Honduras, but has also been collected in El Salvador. It was first discovered in Honduras in 1977 in the regions of Olancho, Lempira and Copan. Its common name is **Kamm's tillandsia**.

## Description

*Tillandsia kammii* is a xerophytic epiphyte. It is one of only four species of *Tillandsia* that is protected by the CITES Appendix II. *T. kammii* has densely arranged leaves and often grows between five and ten centimeters tall. It has thin wiry roots and has been known to grow both as a single plant and in clusters. This plant has a short, bright red inflorescence, surrounded by violet petals, that rarely lasts more than a day after blooming. Unsurprisingly, this plant has a rough texture and appearance which is due to coarse trichomes covering its leaves. *Tillandsia kammii* closely resembles both *T. velutina* and *T. plagiotropica.* It is differentiated from the former by its larger, denser trichomes, and from the latter by its narrower, longer, and more flexible leaves.

## Habitat

*Tillandsia kammii* inhabits the tropical savanna climate in Honduras and El Salvador at elevations of 500 to 1200 m. Average temperatures in its habitat range from 14 °C – 35 °C, with an average total annual precipitation of roughly 1400 mm.

## Cultivars

No cultivars are listed for this species in the BSI Cultivar Registry.

## InfoBox

| *Tillandsia kammii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Tillandsia kammii in cultivation at the Botanical Garden of Heidelberg, Germany | |
| Conservation status | |
| CITES Appendix II (CITES) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Bromeliaceae |
| Genus: | *Tillandsia* |
| Subgenus: | *Tillandsia* subg. *Tillandsia* |
| Species: | ***T. kammii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tillandsia kammii***<br>Rauh | |
|


title: Richard Matzner

abstract: Richard Alfred Matzner is an American physicist, working mostly in the field of general relativity and cosmology, including numerical relativity, kinetic theory, black hole physics, and gravitational radiation. He is Professor of Physics at the University of Texas at Austin where he directed the Center for Relativity. In 1993 he organized and was Lead Principal Investigator of an NSF/ARPA funded computational Grand Challenge program involving ten university teams seeking computational descriptions for the interaction of black holes as potential sources for observable gravitational radiation. His work leading what became known as the Binary Black Hole Grand Challenge Alliance featured in Kip Thorne's Nobel Prize lecture, including when Matzner and Alliance collaborators wagered Thorne that numerical relativity would produce a simulated waveform comparable to observation prior to the first LIGO detection. Matzner and colleagues eventually won, Thorne saying he "conceded the bet with great happiness."

text:
# Richard Matzner

**Richard Alfred Matzner** is an American physicist, working mostly in the field of general relativity and cosmology, including numerical relativity, kinetic theory, black hole physics, and gravitational radiation. He is Professor of Physics at the University of Texas at Austin where he directed the Center for Relativity. In 1993 he organized and was Lead Principal Investigator of an NSF/ARPA funded computational Grand Challenge program involving ten university teams seeking computational descriptions for the interaction of black holes as potential sources for observable gravitational radiation. His work leading what became known as the Binary Black Hole Grand Challenge Alliance featured in Kip Thorne's Nobel Prize lecture, including when Matzner and Alliance collaborators wagered Thorne that numerical relativity would produce a simulated waveform comparable to observation prior to the first LIGO detection. Matzner and colleagues eventually won, Thorne saying he "conceded the bet with great happiness."

## Education and career

Matzner received his Ph.D. from the University of Maryland in Physics in 1967, advised by Charles Misner. He concluded his graduate education with a year at the University of Cambridge. Matzner has advised and educated students in cosmology, relativity, and astrophysics. He was one of the first to calculate what a simplified, head-on collision between two black holes would look like, including the weak gravitational waves such a merger could emit. He was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 1995 for "his analyses in general relativity of a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, especially his numerical simulations of strong-field gravitational systems and the gravitational radiation they produce." Matzner's research in theoretical questions includes topology and signature change in the early universe, and quantum gravity using the tool of path integration. His observational/experimental studies include tests of General Relativistic effects via laser-ranging to dense geodetic satellites. These experiments resulted in the first (and best as of 2023) measurement and confirmation of the Lens-Thirring frame-dragging effect, predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity, to within 10 percent. Matzner is Co-I of the LARES (Laser Relativity Satellite) satellite team, the densest artificial satellite in orbit, launched in 2012, with a second satellite, LARES 2, launched in 2022.

## Policy, Outreach, & Diplomacy

Matzner served on advisory committees to the US Air Force, the National Science Foundation, the National Research Council, the European Space Agency, and the Department of Energy, such as the committee which determined relativity was needed for time transfer accuracy in satellite systems (GPS). He was on research assignment at Los Alamos National Laboratory, in the Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics, beginning a Dictionary of Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy. His science outreach activities include appointment to the Jefferson Science Fellows at the US Department of State, which placed Matzner as Senior Science Advisor in the East Asia and Pacific Bureau at the U.S. State Department. He advised on subjects including "Space and Cyber questions, Health, Environmental and Climate Change and its effect on the oceans, topics relating to Energy and to Scarce Material resources, on Innovation, and on Commercialization of academic research" and "contributed to and participated in meetings on space security in Vietnam and Malaysia, and on joint scientific commission meetings with Malaysia and Australia." Matzner participated on scientific editorial boards, served for a decade as Southwest Region Lead Judge for the Siemens/Westinghouse Science Competition, and co-directed international summer schools on Relativistic Astrophysics in Erice, Italy. His international collaborations and long-term visits include at institutes in Britain (University of Oxford), France, Germany (external advisory committee to the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), Turkey, and Italy (Aerospace Engineering Department at University of Rome on laser ranged satellites and relativistic astrophysics lecture series at the University in Lecce).

## Recognitions

* \- Richard Matzner at the University of Texas at Austin, Department of Physics
* \- Richard Matzner at the National Academies

## InfoBox

| Richard Matzner | |
| --- | --- |
| Alma mater | University of Notre Dame
University of Maryland |
| Known for | Binary Black Hole Grand Challenge Alliance |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | General relativity
Numerical relativity
Cosmology
Astrophysics |
| Institutions | University of Texas at Austin |
| Doctoral advisor | Charles Misner |
| Other academic advisors | John Wheeler |
| Doctoral students | Benjamin Schumacher
Ignazio Ciufolini
Tony Rothman
Premana Premadi |
|  | |


title: Hoazinoides

abstract: Hoazinoides is an extinct genus of birds from the Middle Miocene (Laventan) from the "Monkey Beds" of the Villavieja Formation of the Honda Group at the Konzentrat-Lagerstätte of La Venta, Colombia.

text:
# Hoazinoides

***Hoazinoides*** is an extinct genus of birds from the Middle Miocene (Laventan) from the "Monkey Beds" of the Villavieja Formation of the Honda Group at the Konzentrat-Lagerstätte of La Venta, Colombia.

## Description

It is a member of the family Opisthocomidae, which also includes the hoatzin and several other extinct genera. The only known species is *Hoazinoides magdalenae*. Its generic epithet refers to its resemblance to modern hoatzin, and its specific name refers to its discovery near the Magdalena River basin. Like many other fossil birds, it is known from fragmentary remains, including the back portion of the skull, the specimen UCMP 42823 and other bones of the extremities. From these remains it appears that this bird was similar to that of hoatzin, although smaller, and distinguished from it in the parietal wall of the skull is concave and the coracoid and sternum were not fused. This is why Tab Rasmussen (1997) erected a new family, **Hoazinoididae**, for it. Its feet were like those of modern owls, in which the fourth toe can rotate backwards. Additionally, the remains of its distal ulna and carpal-metacarpal suggest that its arms were similar to those of hoatzins.

## InfoBox

| *Hoazinoides*
Temporal range: Mid Miocene (Laventan)
~ | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Opisthocomiformes |
| Family: | Opisthocomidae |
| Genus: | *Hoazinoides*
A. H. Miller, 1953 |
| Species: | ***H. magdalenae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Hoazinoides magdalenae***
Miller, 1953 | |
|


title: Michael J. Neufeld

abstract: Michael J. Neufeld is a historian and author. He chaired the Space History Division at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum from 2007 to 2011, and continues to be a curator there.

text:
# Michael J. Neufeld

**Michael J. Neufeld** is a historian and author. He chaired the Space History Division at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum from 2007 to 2011, and continues to be a curator there.

## Biography

Neufeld was born in Edmonton, Alberta, in 1951. He received a bachelor's degree from the University of Calgary and an M.A. from the University of British Columbia in 1976 with a thesis entitled "He who will not work, neither shall he eat: German social democratic attitudes to labor, 1890-1914". He received his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1984 with a dissertation on "From artisans to workers: the transformation of the skilled metalworkers of Nuremberg, 1835-1905".

Since the 1990s, Neufeld has written several works about Wernher von Braun.

## Books

### Books written

* *The Skilled Metalworkers of Nuremberg: Craft and Class in the Industrial Revolution*. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1989.
* *The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemünde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era*. New York: Free Press, 1995. The book won the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics's History Manuscript Award, and the Society for the History of Technology's Dexter Prize.
    + Translated into German by Jens Wagner as *Die Rakete und das Reich: Wernher von Braun, Peenemünde und der Beginn des Raketenzeitalters*. ISBN 9783894881177
    + Review by Kees Gispen, *Central European History.* 31, no. 4, (1998): 474.
* *Von Braun: Dreamer of Space, Engineer of War*. New York: A.A. Knopf, 2007. The book won the Organization of American Historians's Leopold Prize, and the American Astronautical Society's Eugene M. Emme Award for Astronautical Literature.
    + Translated into German as *Wernher von Braun: Visionär des Weltraums, Ingenieur des Krieges*.
    + Translated into Danish as *Wernher von Braun: krigsingeniør og rumfartsvisionær*.
    + Translated into Polish as *Von Braun: \[inżynier nazistów i Amerykanów\]*.

### Books edited

* with Yves Béon. (eds.) *Planet Dora: a memoir of the Holocaust and the birth of the space age.* Boulder, Colorado: WestviewPress, 1997.
* with Michael Berenbaum. (eds.) *The Bombing of Auschwitz: Should the Allies Have Attempted It?* New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.
* with Alex M. Spencer. (eds.) *Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum: An Autobiography.* Washington, D.C: National Geographic Society, 2010.
* *Spacefarers: Images of Astronauts and Cosmonauts in the Heroic Era of Spaceflight.* Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, 2013.
* *Milestones of Space: Eleven Iconic Objects from the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.* Minneapolis, Minnesota: Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in association with Zenith Press, 2014.

1. Biography at the Smithsonian "Michael Neufeld - National Air and Space Museum Staff". Archived from the original on 2013-04-24. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
2. LC Authority file
3. WorldCat
4. WorldCat
5. "WR1244 Raketenwissenschaftwissenschaft". Retrieved 2021-06-21.
6. Official biography at the Smithsonian Archived 2013-04-24 at the Wayback Machine


title: NGC 6589

abstract: NGC 6589 is a reflection nebula located in the constellation of Sagittarius, and it was discovered by Truman Safford on August 28, 1867. In August 1905, Edward Barnard listed it as IC 4690.

text:
# NGC 6589

**NGC 6589** is a reflection nebula located in the constellation of Sagittarius, and it was discovered by Truman Safford on August 28, 1867. In August 1905, Edward Barnard listed it as IC 4690.

* Media related to NGC 6589 at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

NGC 6589
| Reflection nebula | |
| --- | --- |
| NGC 6589 is the rightmost blue nebula in this image. Also in this image is NGC 6590 (left) and IC 1284 (above) | |
| Observation data: J2000.0 epoch | |
| Right ascension | 18h 16m 55.4s |
| Declination | −19° 46 38 |
| Apparent dimensions (V) | 5.0' × 3.0' |
| Constellation | Sagittarius |
|  | |
| Designations | IC 4690, IRAS 18138-1954, DG 149, LBN 011.53-01.63, Ced 157a |
|


title: Hollywood Speaks

abstract: Hollywood Speaks is a 1932 American Pre-Code comedy film directed by Edward Buzzell and starring Genevieve Tobin, Pat O'Brien and Leni Stengel. It was produced and distributed by Columbia Pictures.

text:
# Hollywood Speaks

***Hollywood Speaks*** is a 1932 American Pre-Code comedy film directed by Edward Buzzell and starring Genevieve Tobin, Pat O'Brien and Leni Stengel. It was produced and distributed by Columbia Pictures.

## Plot

A despairing young actress is stopped from committing suicide by a gossip columnist who decides to fashion her into a major star.

## Cast

## Production

Columbia announced the film in August 1931.

It was Norman Krasna's first film under his contract with Columbia and he started writing it in April 1932. The same amount the studio announced Eddie Buzzel would direct and Genevieve Tobin would star.

## Reception

The *Los Angeles Times* called it a "routine melodrama with little to say of interest."

## InfoBox

| Hollywood Speaks | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Edward Buzzell |
| Written by | Norman Krasna
Jo Swerling |
| Based on | story by Norman Krasna |
| Starring | Genevieve Tobin
Pat O'Brien
Leni Stengel |
| Cinematography | Ted Tetzlaff |
| Edited by | Gene Havlick |
| Production
company | Columbia Pictures |
| Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
| Release date | * June 25, 1932 (1932-06-25) |
| Running time | 71 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |