title: Equilateral dimension

abstract:
In mathematics, the equilateral dimension of a metric space is the maximum size of any subset of the space whose points are all at equal distances to each other. Equilateral dimension has also been called "metric dimension", but the term "metric dimension" also has many other inequivalent usages. The equilateral dimension of d
-dimensional Euclidean space is d + 1, achieved by the vertices of a regular simplex, and the equilateral dimension of a d
-dimensional vector space with the Chebyshev distance is 2 d, achieved by the vertices of a hypercube. However, the equilateral dimension of a space with the Manhattan distance is not known. Kusner's conjecture, named after Robert B. Kusner, states that it is exactly 2 d, achieved by the vertices of a cross polytope.

text:
# Equilateral dimension

In mathematics, the **equilateral dimension** of a metric space is the maximum size of any subset of the space whose points are all at equal distances to each other. Equilateral dimension has also been called "metric dimension", but the term "metric dimension" also has many other inequivalent usages. The equilateral dimension of $d$-dimensional Euclidean space is $d+1$, achieved by the vertices of a regular simplex, and the equilateral dimension of a $d$-dimensional vector space with the Chebyshev distance ( $L^{\infty }$ norm) is $2^{d}$, achieved by the vertices of a hypercube. However, the equilateral dimension of a space with the Manhattan distance ( $L^{1}$ norm) is not known. **Kusner's conjecture**, named after Robert B. Kusner, states that it is exactly $2d$, achieved by the vertices of a cross polytope.

## Lebesgue spaces

The equilateral dimension has been particularly studied for Lebesgue spaces, finite-dimensional normed vector spaces with the $L^{p}$ norm $\ \\|x\\|\_{p}={\bigl (}|x\_{1}|^{p}+|x\_{2}|^{p}+\cdots +|x\_{d}|^{p}{\bigr )}^{1/p}.$

The equilateral dimension of $L^{p}$ spaces of dimension $d$ behaves differently depending on the value of $p$:

Unsolved problem in mathematics: How many equidistant points exist in spaces with Manhattan distance? (more unsolved problems in mathematics)  * For $p=1$, the $L^{p}$ norm gives rise to Manhattan distance. In this case, it is possible to find $2d$ equidistant points, the vertices of an axis-aligned cross polytope. The equilateral dimension is known to be exactly $2d$ for $d\leq 4$, and to be upper bounded by $O(d\log d)$ for all $d$. Robert B. Kusner suggested in 1983 that the equilateral dimension for this case should be exactly $2d$; this suggestion (together with a related suggestion for the equilateral dimension when $p\>2$) has come to be known as **Kusner's conjecture**.
* For $1\<p\<2$, the equilateral dimension is at least $(1+\varepsilon )d$ where $\varepsilon $ is a constant that depends on $p$.
* For $p=2$, the $L^{p}$ norm is the familiar Euclidean distance. The equilateral dimension of $d$-dimensional Euclidean space is $d+1$: the $d+1$ vertices of an equilateral triangle, regular tetrahedron, or higher-dimensional regular simplex form an equilateral set, and every equilateral set must have this form.
* For $2\<p\<\infty $, the equilateral dimension is at least $d+1$: for instance the $d$ basis vectors of the vector space together with another vector of the form $(-x,-x,\dots )$ for a suitable choice of $x$ form an equilateral set. Kusner's conjecture states that in these cases the equilateral dimension is exactly $d+1$. Kusner's conjecture has been proven for the special case that $p=4$. When $p$ is an odd integer the equilateral dimension is upper bounded by $O(d\log d)$.
* For $p=\infty $ (the limiting case of the $L^{p}$ norm for finite values of $p$, in the limit as $p$ grows to infinity) the $L^{p}$ norm becomes the Chebyshev distance, the maximum absolute value of the differences of the coordinates. For a $d$-dimensional vector space with the Chebyshev distance, the equilateral dimension is $2^{d}$: the $2^{d}$ vertices of an axis-aligned hypercube are at equal distances from each other, and no larger equilateral set is possible.

## Normed vector spaces

Equilateral dimension has also been considered for normed vector spaces with norms other than the $L^{p}$ norms. The problem of determining the equilateral dimension for a given norm is closely related to the kissing number problem: the kissing number in a normed space is the maximum number of disjoint translates of a unit ball that can all touch a single central ball, whereas the equilateral dimension is the maximum number of disjoint translates that can all touch each other.

For a normed vector space of dimension $d$, the equilateral dimension is at most $2^{d}$; that is, the $L^{\infty }$ norm has the highest equilateral dimension among all normed spaces. Petty (1971) asked whether every normed vector space of dimension $d$ has equilateral dimension at least $d+1$, but this remains unknown. There exist normed spaces in any dimension for which certain sets of four equilateral points cannot be extended to any larger equilateral set but these spaces may have larger equilateral sets that do not include these four points. For norms that are sufficiently close in Banach–Mazur distance to an $L^{p}$ norm, Petty's question has a positive answer: the equilateral dimension is at least $d+1$.

It is not possible for high-dimensional spaces to have bounded equilateral dimension: for any integer $k$, all normed vector spaces of sufficiently high dimension have equilateral dimension at least $k$. more specifically, according to a variation of Dvoretzky's theorem by Alon & Milman (1983), every $d$-dimensional normed space has a $k$-dimensional subspace that is close either to a Euclidean space or to a Chebyshev space, where $k\geq \exp(c{\sqrt {\log d})}$ for some constant $c$. Because it is close to a Lebesgue space, this subspace and therefore also the whole space contains an equilateral set of at least $k+1$ points. Therefore, the same superlogarithmic dependence on $d$ holds for the lower bound on the equilateral dimension of $d$-dimensional space.

## Riemannian manifolds

For any $d$-dimensional Riemannian manifold the equilateral dimension is at least $d+1$. For a $d$-dimensional sphere, the equilateral dimension is $d+2$, the same as for a Euclidean space of one higher dimension into which the sphere can be embedded. At the same time as he posed Kusner's conjecture, Kusner asked whether there exist Riemannian metrics with bounded dimension as a manifold but arbitrarily high equilateral dimension.


title: Ted Albrecht

abstract: Theodore Carl Albrecht is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle for five seasons for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the California Golden Bears. Albrecht currently serves as an analyst for Northwestern University football broadcasts on WGN (AM) radio.

text:
# Ted Albrecht

**Theodore Carl Albrecht** (born October 8, 1954) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle for five seasons for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the California Golden Bears. Albrecht currently serves as an analyst for Northwestern University football broadcasts on WGN (AM) radio.

## Early life and education

Albrecht was born in Harvey, Illinois and moved with his family to northern California at the age of 3. He played football at Vallejo High School in Vallejo, California.

## College career

Albrecht earned a bachelor's degree in sociology at the University of California, Berkeley, where he started 33 straight games at offensive tackle, made several All-America teams and appeared on Bob Hope's Christmas show with the Associated Press All-America Squad.

## Pro football career

Albrecht was chosen in the first round of the 1977 NFL draft, and he played six seasons for the Chicago Bears as an offensive lineman. He made the All-Rookie team in 1977 and was a Pro Bowl alternate in 1979.

Ultimately, Albrecht's bum back ended his career, and he announced his retirement at age 28 in 1983.

## After football

After retiring, Albrecht founded a travel agency, Albrecht Travel Systems, and began providing color commentary of Northwestern University football on WBBM (AM) radio.

Albrecht shifted to WGN (AM) radio in 1996 after that station picked up coverage of Northwestern University football radio broadcasts. In early 2016, WGN and Northwestern announced a four-year extension of their contract through the end of the 2019-2020 season. Albrecht has continued to do color commentary during Northwestern football broadcasts.

## Personal

Albrecht lives in Winnetka, Illinois. Albrecht and his wife had two daughters with LuJean, Brianna and Ashley.

## InfoBox

Ted Albrecht
| No. 64 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Offensive tackle |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1954-10-08) October 8, 1954<br>Harvey, Illinois, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) |
| Weight: | 253 lb (115 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Vallejo (CA) |
| College: | California |
| NFL draft: | 1977 / round: 1 / pick: 15 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games played: 77  Games started: 75  Fumble recoveries: 1 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Erich Schumann

abstract: Erich Schumann was a German physicist who specialized in acoustics and explosives, and had a penchant for music. He was a general officer in the army and a professor at the University of Berlin and the Technische Hochschule Berlin. When Adolf Hitler came to power he joined the Nazi Party. During World War II, his positions in the Army Ordnance Office and the Army High Command made him one of the most powerful and influential physicists in Germany. He ran the German nuclear energy program from 1939 to 1942, when the army relinquished control to the Reich Research Council. His role in the project was obfuscated after the war by the German physics community's defense of its conduct during the war. The publication of his book on the military's role in the project was not allowed by the British occupation authorities. He was director of the Helmholtz Institute of Sound Psychology and Medical Acoustics.

text:
# Erich Schumann

**Erich Schumann** (5 January 1898  25 April 1985) was a German physicist who specialized in acoustics and explosives, and had a penchant for music. He was a general officer in the army and a professor at the University of Berlin and the Technische Hochschule Berlin. When Adolf Hitler came to power he joined the Nazi Party. During World War II, his positions in the Army Ordnance Office and the Army High Command made him one of the most powerful and influential physicists in Germany. He ran the German nuclear energy program from 1939 to 1942, when the army relinquished control to the Reich Research Council. His role in the project was obfuscated after the war by the German physics community's defense of its conduct during the war. The publication of his book on the military's role in the project was not allowed by the British occupation authorities. He was director of the Helmholtz Institute of Sound Psychology and Medical Acoustics.

## Education

Schumann was born in Potsdam, Brandenburg. He studied at the Frederick William University (today the Humboldt University of Berlin) under the acoustician and musicologist Carl Stumpf and the physicist Max Planck. In 1922, he received his doctorate there in systematic musicology (acoustics). He completed his Habilitation on acoustics there in 1929; members of his Habilitation committee for experimental and theoretical physics included the eminent scientists Walther Nernst, Max von Laue, and Max Planck.

## Career

### Overview

From 1922, Schumann was a physicist at the *Reichswehrministerium* (RWM, Reich Ministry of Defense), which became the *Reichskriegsministerium* (RKM, Reich Ministry of War) in 1939. He passed the *Referendar* (civil service exam) in 1926. From 1929, he was head of the RWM Central Science Office and from 1932 ministerial councilor there.

In 1929, when he completed his Habilitation at the University of Berlin, he was appointed lecturer of systematic musicology (acoustics). In 1931, he became an extraordinarius professor of experimental and theoretical physics there, and in 1933 he became an ordinarius professor of applied physics and systematic musicology. Schumann taught courses on acoustics and explosives, his areas of research. Schumann was the doctoral advisor to Wernher von Braun, who was awarded his doctorate in 1934.

In 1933, the year Adolf Hitler came to power, Schumann became a member of the Nazi Party.

From 1933 until 1945, Schumann was director of the newly established Physics Department II of the University of Berlin, which was commissioned by the *Oberkommando des Heeres* (OKW, Army High Command) to conduct research projects they funded. Concurrently, from 1934, he was head of the research department for the *Heereswaffenamt* (HWA, Army Ordnance Office) and assistant secretary in the Science Department of the RKM, then from 1938 to 1945 of the OKW. Additionally, in the autumn of 1938, he was appointed an ordinarius professor of ballistics and military technology at the *Technische Hochschule Berlin* (today Technische Universität Berlin). From 1942 to 1945, he was on the *Reichsforschungsrat* (RFR, Reich Research Council) and was also the *Bevollmächtiger* (plenipotentiary) for high explosives.

Schumann, a general officer in the army and an ordinarius professor in academia, skillfully projected his power as a science policymaker for Germany. He enjoyed both roles, as remembered by the nuclear physicist Georg Hartwig, and dressed appropriately to gain advantage. For example, when he met with academia representatives, he wore his military uniform and saluted. When meeting with military officials, he dressed *in mufti* and was introduced as *Herr Professor Doktor*.

### Uranverein

From September 1939 to 1942 the HWA controlled the German nuclear energy project, also known at the *Uranverein* (Uranium Club); in 1942 control was turned over to the RFR. The most influential people in the project were Schumann, Abraham Esau, Walther Gerlach, and Kurt Diebner, Schumann, during this period, was one of the most powerful and influential physicists in Germany.

When it was apparent that the nuclear energy project would not make a decisive contribution to ending the war effort in the near term by producing a nuclear weapon, the HWA had decided by January 1942 to relinquish its control of the nuclear energy project and leave it in the realm of research through the RFR. Even then, Schumann helped the project dodge what would have been a major blow to the project. Many scientists in the *Uranverein* working on the *Uranmaschine* (uranium machine, i.e., nuclear reactor) had the classification of *unabkömmlich* (*uk*, indispensable) and were exempt from being drafted into armed service. Both Paul Harteck and Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker had the classification *uk*. However, as the war raged on, the demand for men to provide armed service caused both to be called up in January 1942 for service at the Russian front. Paul O. Müller and Karl-Heinz Höcker, colleagues of von Weizsäcker within the *Uranverein* had already been called up; Müller was killed on the Russian front. Werner Heisenberg, with the help of Schuman and Karl-Friedrich Bonhoeffer, whose brother-in-law Hans von Dohnanyi held an influential position in the German army, managed to maintain the *uk* status for Harteck and von Weizsäcker and keep them working on the nuclear energy project.

### Biological Warfare

Although Hitler had ordered that biological warfare should be studied only for the purpose of defending against it, Schumann lobbied for him to be persuaded otherwise: "America must be attacked simultaneously with various human and animal epidemic pathogens, as well as plant pests." The plans were never adopted due to opposition by Hitler.

### Post World War II

In the German scientific community's defense of its conduct during the war, the military's Schumann- and Diebner-led aspects of the *Uranverein* were minimized, ridiculed, and ascribed to *Nichtskönner* (incompetent scientists) and leadership that owed its positions to politics. Additionally, the Heisenberg component of the project was made to appear as the leading and dominant element of the project. The motivations of the German scientists were to distance themselves from the military aspects of the *Uranverein* and, in the denazification environment, also distance themselves from those who had visible positions under National Socialism. Regarding Schumann's scientific abilities, they are, however, attested to by the fact that members of his Habilitation committee for experimental and theoretical physics at the University of Berlin included the eminent scientists Max von Laue, Walther Nernst, and Max Planck, and the Habilitation was well before Hitler came to power.

After the war, Schumann wrote a book to get out his view of the German nuclear energy project, but publication was blocked by the British occupation authorities. Telling of some of the story from this perspective would have to wait until his right-hand man in the HWA, Kurt Diebner, published his book in 1957.

Again from 1951, Schumann was director of the Helmholtz Institute of Sound Psychology and Medical Acoustics in Berlin. He died in Homberg-Hülsa in 1985.

* Bernstein, Jeremy *Hitler’s Uranium Club: The Secret Recording’s at Farm Hall* (Copernicus, 2001) ISBN 0-387-95089-3
* Beyerchen, Alan D. *Scientists Under Hitler: Politics and the Physics Community in the Third Reich* (Yale, 1977) ISBN 0-300-01830-4
* David C. Cassidy *Uncertainty: The Life and Science of Werner Heisenberg* (W. H. Freeman and Company, 1992)
* Dieter Bagge, Kurt Diebner, and Kenneth Jay *Von der Uranspaltung bis Calder Hall* (Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, 1957)
* Goudsmit, Samuel A. *War Physics in Germany*, *The Review of Scientific Instruments*, Volume 17, Number 1, Announcements, 49-52 (January 1946). Also see an annotated reprint, Document 111 *Samuel A. Goudsmit: War Physics in Germany \[January 1946\]* in Hentschel, Klaus (editor) and Ann M. Hentschel (editorial assistant and translator) *Physics and National Socialism: An Anthology of Primary Sources* (Birkhäuser, 1996) 345–352.
* Goudsmit, Samuel A. *German Scientists in Army Employment I  The Case Analyzed*, Letters to the Editor *Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists* Volume 3, Number 2, 64-67 (February 1947). Also see an annotated reprint, Document 112 *Samuel A. Goudsmit: German Scientists in Army Employment I  The Case Analyzed \[February 1947\]* in Hentschel, Klaus (editor) and Ann M. Hentschel (editorial assistant and translator) *Physics and National Socialism: An Anthology of Primary Sources* (Birkhäuser, 1996) 352–356.
* Samuel A. Goudsmit *Nazis’ Atomic Secrets. The Chief of a Top-Secret U.S. Wartime Mission Tells How and Why German Science Failed in the International Race to Produce the Bomb*, *Life* Volume23, 123-134 (October 20, 1947). Also see an annotated reprint, Document 116 *Samuel A. Goudsmit: Nazis’ Atomic Secrets. The Chief of a Top-Secret U.S. Wartime Mission Tells How and Why German Science Failed in the International Race to Produce the Bomb \[October 20, 1947\]* in Hentschel, Klaus (editor) and Ann M. Hentschel (editorial assistant and translator) *Physics and National Socialism: An Anthology of Primary Sources* (Birkhäuser, 1996) 379–392.
* Goudsmit, Samuel *Alsos* (Tomash, second printing, 1986) \[The first Tomash printing was in 1983. Originally, the book was published by Henry Schuman Publishers in 1947.\]
* Heisenberg, Werner *Research in Germany on the Technical Applications of Atomic Energy*, *Nature* Volume 160, Number 4059, 211-215 (August 16, 1947). See also the annotated version: *Document 115. Werner Heisenberg: Research in Germany on the Technical Application of Atomic Energy \[August 16, 1947\]* in Hentschel, Klaus (editor) and Ann M. Hentschel (editorial assistant and translator) *Physics and National Socialism: An Anthology of Primary Sources* (Birkhäuser, 1996) 361–397. These are slightly abridged translations of the following paper: Werner Heisenberg *Über die Arbeiten zur technischen Ausnutzung der Atomkernenergie in Deustchaland*, *Die Naturwissenschaften* Volume 33, 325-329 (1946).
* Hentschel, Klaus (editor) and Ann M. Hentschel (editorial assistant and translator) *Physics and National Socialism: An Anthology of Primary Sources* (Birkhäuser, 1996) ISBN 0-8176-5312-0. \[This book is a collection of 121 primary German documents relating to physics under National Socialism. The documents have been translated and annotated, and there is a lengthy introduction to put them into perspective.\]
* Klaus Hentschel *The Mental Aftermath: The Mentality of German Physicists 1945  1949* (Oxford, 2007)
* Kant, Horst *Werner Heisenberg and the German Uranium Project / Otto Hahn and the Declarations of Mainau and Göttingen*, Preprint 203 (Max-Planck Institut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte, 2002)
* Rainer Karlsch *Hitlers Bombe*, 2005, Munic, DVA, ISBN 3-421-05809-1
* Rainer Karlsch, Heiko Petermann Editor *Fuer und Wider Hitlers Bombe*, 2007 Waxmann Verlag Munster/New York, ISBN 978-3-8309-1893-6
* Macrakis, Kristie *Surviving the Swastika: Scientific Research in Nazi Germany* (Oxford, 1993)
* Günter Nagel: " Atomversuche in Deutschland " 2002 Heinrich Jung Verlagsges.mbH Zella-Mehlis ISBN 3-930588-59-5
* Günter Nagel: " Wissenschaft für den krieg " 2012 Franz Steiner Verlag Stuttgart ISBN 978-3-515-10173-8
* Powers, Thomas *Heisenberg’s War: The Secret History of the German Bomb* (Knopf, 1993)
* Schumann, Erich *Wehrmacht und Froschung* in Richard Donnevert (editor) *Wehrmacht und Partei* second expanded edition, (Barth, 1939) 133–151. See also the annotated English translation: *Document 75. Erich Schumann: Armed Forces and Research \[1939\]* in Hentschel, Klaus (editor) and Ann M. Hentschel (editorial assistant and translator) *Physics and National Socialism: An Anthology of Primary Sources* (Birkhäuser, 1996) 207–220.
* Walker, Mark *German National Socialism and the Quest for Nuclear Power 19391949* (Cambridge, 1993) ISBN 0-521-43804-7
* Walker, Mark *Nazi Science: Myth, Truth, and the German Atomic Bomb* (Perseus, 1995)
* Walker, Mark *Eine Waffenschmiede? Kernwaffen- und Reaktorforschung am Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Physik*, *Forschungsprogramm „Geschichte der Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft im Nationalsozialismus“* Ergebnisse 26 (2005)


title: Lydia Mato

abstract: Lydia Mato is a Ghanaian middle- and long-distance runner who specializes in the 1000, 3000 and 5000 meters. She holds the national record in the 3000 meters with 9:31.97 minutes after winning the 2015 Nebraska Invitational, in May 2015. She became the first Ghanaian ever to win a US Cross County Championship at any level in US school system, during the US Cross Country Championship in 2014.

text:
# Lydia Mato

**Lydia Mato** is a Ghanaian middle- and long-distance runner who specializes in the 1000, 3000 and 5000 meters. She holds the national record in the 3000 meters with 9:31.97 minutes after winning the 2015 Nebraska Invitational, in May 2015. She became the first Ghanaian ever to win a US Cross County Championship at any level in US school system, during the US Cross Country Championship in 2014.

## Competition Record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Ghana | | | | | |
| 2014 | 2014 US Cross Country Championship | , United States | 1st |  |  |
| | | |  |  |  |
| 2015 | NJCAA Region 6 (Regional) Championships | Ghana | 2nd | 800 m |  |
|  |  |  | 1st | 5000m |  |
|  |  |  | 1st | 3000m |  |
|  |  |  | 1st | 1000m |  |
| 1988 | 2015 Nebraska Invitational | , | 1st | 3000m |  |


title: Lying Jim Townsend

abstract: James William Emery Townsend, more commonly known as Lying Jim, was the original of Bret Harte’s “Truthful James,” the source of Mark Twain’s Jumping Frog story, and much more. Some scholars say Townsend “was one of the most talented and notorious liars of the Comstock....” He was a member of the Sagebrush School of writers.

text:
# Lying Jim Townsend

**James William Emery Townsend** (c. 1838–1900), more commonly known as **Lying Jim,** was the original of Bret Harte’s “Truthful James,” the source of Mark Twain’s Jumping Frog story, and much more. Some scholars say Townsend “was one of the most talented and notorious liars of the Comstock....” He was a member of the Sagebrush School of writers.

## Some “Townsendisms”

Mill Creek is so crooked in one place that it is difficult to cross it. We waded it half a dozen times the other day and came out on the same side every time.

The Waters of Mono Lake are so buoyant that the bottom has to be bolted down, and boys paddle about on granite boulders.

Wild onions are plentiful hereabouts, and eaters thereof smell like the back door of a puppy's nest.

“When thieves fall out honest men get their dues.” But when honest men fall out lawyers get their fees.

The editor of the Pioche Record says “Mrs. Page’s milk is delicious.” We shall soon hear that her husband has weaned him with a club. He knows too much.

Carson Daily Index (Carson City, Nevada) January 26, 1887 “Mind Your P’s. Persons who patronize a paper should pay promptly, for the pecuniary prospects of the press possesses a peculiar power in pushing forward public prosperity. If the printer is paid promptly and his pocket book kept plethoric by prompt-paying patrons, the puts his pen to his paper in peace; he paints his pictures of passing events in more pleasing colors, and the perusal of his paper is a pleasure to the people. Paste this piece of proverbial philosophy where all persons can perceive it.”

Homer Mining Index (Lundy, California) August 28, 1880 “Jim Townsend went to Aurora a few days ago. In consequence the saloon keepers of that burg have ordered fresh stocks of liquors and the inhabitants have imbibed a habit of holding up their hands to their ears with a pitiful gesture whenever anybody addressed them.”

Homer Mining Index (Lundy, California) October 9, 1880 “A Fishy Feat. Jim Townsend’s readiness for any sort of an emergency is well known. The way he grappled with one the other day was a caution. Jim Slack, the “Lone Fisherman,” carried him a three-pound trout. Jim had four men at work on an arastra, and each one was clamorous for a piece. Jim counted noses and found that if he divided with all, his share would be small. His course was decided upon without a moment's hesitation. He sat down and ate the whole fish.”

Homer Mining Index (Lundy, California) January 29, 1881 Under column “Town Improvements” “The Index office will soon be graced with an L, as we need room in which to store unpaid bills.”

Homer Mining Index (Lundy, California) February 5, 1881 “Don’t steal The Index from subscribers. If you are too mean or too poor to buy it, come to the office and get a copy.”

Homer Mining Index (Lundy, California) February 12, 1881 “The Index is a derned sight better paper than some of you deserve.”

Homer Mining Index (Lundy, California) February 26, 1881 “Washington’s Birthday. The anniversary of Washington’s birthday was royally celebrated in this canyon. Patriotism cropped out exuberantly, and manifested itself so heartily that the full-blooded American bubbled over with national pride and looked on with a watery eye - frequently so watery that he couldn’t see the road. The celebration was inaugurated early in the day by a go-as-you-please procession from one saloon to another, the man who had the most money acting as Grand Marshal. By dark the crowds were ready to celebrate the birthday of anybody who would put up for whisky. Though knives and pistols were plentifully displayed, very few deaths occurred, and these only when a gun went off accidentally while the celebrants were running each other around stoves and such obstructions as a man could dodge behind. Taken as a whole, the day was one which should be forgotten as soon as possible.”


title: Lying Cow

abstract: Lying Cow is the name of two oil paintings created by Vincent van Gogh around 1882 when he was living at The Hague. In the 1970 catalogue raisonné, based on Jacob Baart de la Faille's researches, the paintings were dated 1882. Jan Hulsker, however, feels they must be associated with his 1883 painting Cows in the Meadow, a painting known only by a very poor photograph, and accordingly dates them as August 1883, thus executed shortly before van Gogh broke with his mistress Sien Hoornik and left for Drenthe.

text:
# Lying Cow

***Lying Cow*** is the name of two oil paintings created by Vincent van Gogh around 1882 when he was living at The Hague.

In the 1970 *catalogue raisonné*, based on Jacob Baart de la Faille's researches, the paintings were dated 1882. Jan Hulsker, however, feels they must be associated with his 1883 painting *Cows in the Meadow*, a painting known only by a very poor photograph, and accordingly dates them as August 1883, thus executed shortly before van Gogh broke with his mistress Sien Hoornik and left for Drenthe.

## InfoBox

| Lying Cow | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Artist | Vincent van Gogh |
| Year | 1883 (1883) |
| Catalogue |  |
| Medium | Oil on canvas |
| Dimensions | 30 cm × 50 cm (11.8 in × 19.7 in) |
| Owner | Private Collection (F1b, JH388), Korea |


abstract: Telecommunications in Trinidad and Tobago include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.

text:
# Telecommunications in Trinidad and Tobago

**Telecommunications in Trinidad and Tobago** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.

## Radio and television

BBC World Service radio is available on 98.7 FM.

## Telephones

**Country Code: +1**
**Area Code: 868**
**International Call Prefix: 011** (outside NANP)

Calls from Trinidad and Tobago to the US, Canada, and other NANP Caribbean nations, are dialed as 1 + NANP area code + 7-digit number. Calls from Trinidad and Tobago to non-NANP countries are dialed as 011 + country code + phone number with local area code.

**Number Format**: nxx-xxxx

## Internet

Facebook is the most popular social media platform.

### Internet censorship and surveillance

There are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or credible reports that the government monitors e-mail or Internet chat rooms without judicial oversight.

The constitution and the law provide for freedom of speech and press, and the government generally respects these rights in practice. An independent press, an effective judiciary, and a functioning democratic political system combine to ensure freedom of speech and press. The law prohibits acts that would offend or insult another person or group on the basis of race, origin, or religion or that would incite racial or religious hatred. The constitution and the law prohibit arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home, or correspondence, and the government generally respects these prohibitions in practice.

* This article incorporates public domain material from *The World Factbook*. CIA.
* This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of State.


title: Lygropia acastalis

abstract: Lygropia acastalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found in Honduras.

text:
# Lygropia acastalis

***Lygropia acastalis*** is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found in Honduras.

## InfoBox

| *Lygropia acastalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Genus: | *Lygropia* |
| Species: | ***L. acastalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lygropia acastalis***<br>(Walker, 1859) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Botys acastalis* Walker, 1859 * *Ebulea heronalis* Walker, 1859 | |


title: Eric of Lorraine

abstract: Eric of Lorraine, count of Vaudémont, was a Bishop of Verdun and half brother of Louise of Lorraine, Queen consort of France.

text:
# Eric of Lorraine

**Eric of Lorraine** (14 March 1576 – 27 April 1623), count of Vaudémont, was a Bishop of Verdun and half brother of Louise of Lorraine, Queen consort of France.

## Biography

Eric of Lorraine was born in Nancy on 14 March 1576 as a son of Nicolas, Duke of Mercœur and his third wife Catherine of Lorraine (1550–1606), daughter of Claude, Duke of Aumale. Some sources attribute a turbulent youth to him, which did not prevent him from being destined for a career in the Church; he was provided with the Abbey of St. Hydulphe at Moyenmoutier on 31 March 1588. He was also the commendatory abbot of the Monastery of St Vanne near Verdun. He was appointed bishop of Verdun in 1593 when he was only seventeen years old.

By the end of the 16th century, with the religious world across western Europe undergoing the confrontation between the Protestant winds from Germany and the Counter-Reformation forces confronting them, there was a feeling that monasticism in Moyenmoutier had fallen into a sorry state. Eric undertook to restore a more orderly existence to the monks under his authority. He entrusted this task to Dom Didier de La Cour. In 1604 the resulting new constitution of the Congregation of St. Vanne and St. Hydulphe received Pope Clement VII's approval. The reforms became an important element in Catholic reform, being copied by other Catholic religious houses and congregations, most famously, in 1621, the Congregation of St. Maur.

In the following year he considered becoming a Jesuit. He went to Rome, but the Pope dissuaded him from this idea. He returned to Verdun in 1597 and, encouraged by Cardinal Bellarmine, showed himself a model bishop: he organized synods and played an important part in the reform of the Benedictine orders in Lorraine.

However, in 1605 he was involved in a scandal. He fell in love with and married a woman called Marie Dupuy (died 1640). Eric was suspended on 19 December 1605 and subsequently brought before the tribunal of the Inquisition. As punishment he was relegated to the Jesuits of Pont-à-Mousson. In his defense, he alleged that he was bewitched. As a result, Eric was exorcised before being re-established in his diocese in 1608.

In 1610, he renounced his office as bishop of Verdun in favor of his nephew Charles, and retreated to the Capuchins. He died in Nancy in 1623. Initially he was buried in the church of the convent of the Capuchins of Varangéville. In 1792 his remains were repatriated to the Church of Saint-François-des-Cordeliers.


title: Team Waoo

abstract:
Team Waoo was a Danish UCI Continental team founded in 2012, and disbanded in 2019. In July 2016 Bjarne Riis and former Saxo Bank CEO Lars Seier announced that they had taken the team over and renamed it Team Virtu Pro-Veloconcept, with the intention of it functioning as the development team for a planned UCI WorldTeam. On 11 September 2017 the team changed its name into Team Virtu Cycling, after a new owner, Jan Bech Andersen, had bought one third of the shares.
In July 2018, the name changed again to Team Waoo.

text:
# Team Waoo

**Team Waoo** was a Danish UCI Continental team founded in 2012, and disbanded in 2019. In July 2016 Bjarne Riis and former Saxo Bank CEO Lars Seier announced that they had taken the team over and renamed it Team Virtu Pro-Veloconcept, with the intention of it functioning as the development team for a planned UCI WorldTeam. On 11 September 2017 the team changed its name into Team Virtu Cycling, after a new owner, Jan Bech Andersen, had bought one third of the shares. In July 2018, the name changed again to Team Waoo.

## Team roster

*As of May 31, 2019.*

| Rider Date of birth  Michael Carbel (DNK)  (1995-02-07) 7 February 1995  Patrick Clausen (DNK)  (1990-07-02) 2 July 1990  Silas Zacharias Clemmensen (DNK)  (1996-10-25) 25 October 1996  Frederik Nybo Eriksen (DNK)  (2000-03-07) 7 March 2000  Oliver Wulff Frederiksen (DNK)  (2000-10-11) 11 October 2000  Rasmus Guldhammer (DNK)  (1989-03-09) 9 March 1989 |  | Rider Date of birth  Andreas Hyldgaard Jeppesen (DNK)  (1996-07-21) 21 July 1996  Johan Langballe (DNK)  (1999-02-09) 9 February 1999  Mathias Larsen (DNK)  (1999-05-02) 2 May 1999  Martin Mortensen (DNK)  (1984-11-05) 5 November 1984  Jesper Schultz (DNK)  (1996-02-27) 27 February 1996  Frederik Thomsen (DNK)  (2000-10-03) 3 October 2000 |
| --- | --- | --- |

## Major wins

2013 Course de la Paix U23, Asbjørn Kragh Andersen 2014 Stages 4 & 5 Tour du Loir-et-Cher, Rasmus Guldhammer Hadeland GP, Rasmus Guldhammer  Denmark National U23 Time Trial Championships, Søren Kragh Andersen  Denmark National Time Trial Championships, Rasmus Quaade 2015 Stage 5 Tour du Loir-et-Cher, Asbjørn Kragh Andersen Hadeland GP, Søren Kragh Andersen Ringerike GP, Asbjørn Kragh Andersen Stage 5 Flèche du Sud, Asbjørn Kragh Andersen Stage 3 Paris–Arras Tour, Asbjørn Kragh Andersen Stage 4 Tour des Fjords, Søren Kragh Andersen  Denmark National U23 Time Trial Championships, Jonas Gregaard Prologue & Stage 3 Tour de l'Avenir, Søren Kragh Andersen 2016 Overall Le Triptyque des Monts et Châteaux, Mads Würtz Schmidt Stages 2 & 3b, Mads Würtz Schmidt 2017 Stage 3 International Tour of Rhodes, Alexander Kamp Stage 2 Circuit des Ardennes, Rasmus Guldhammer Overall Tour du Loir-et-Cher, Alexander Kamp Stage 4, Alexander Kamp GP Viborg, Kasper Asgreen Sundvolden GP, Rasmus Guldhammer Ringerike GP, Rasmus Guldhammer 2018 Stage 1 Istrian Spring Trophy, Kasper Asgreen Overall Tour du Loir-et-Cher, Asbjørn Kragh Andersen Eschborn–Frankfurt Under-23, Niklas Larsen Stage 1 Rhône-Alpes Isère Tour, Alexander Kamp Sundvolden GP, Alexander Kamp Stage 5 Tour of Norway, Alexander Kamp Circuit de Wallonie, Mikkel Frølich Honoré Lillehammer GP, Alexander Kamp 2019 Stage 7 Tour de Normandie, Johan Langballe

## National champions

2014  Denmark Time Trial, Rasmus Quaade  Denmark U23 Time Trial, Søren Kragh Andersen 2015  Denmark U23 Time Trial, Jonas Gregaard 2016  Denmark U23 Time Trial, Mads Würtz Schmidt  Denmark U23 Road Race, Mads Würtz Schmidt  Denmark Track (Kilo), Niklas Larsen  Denmark Track (Individual pursuit), Niklas Larsen  Denmark Track (Scratch race), Niklas Larsen    1. "Team Trefor 2012". Procyclingstats.com. Retrieved 2015-03-08.
2. "Team Trefor - Blue Water 2015". Procyclingstats.com. Retrieved 2015-03-08.
3. "Riis returns with team, Dumoulin goes home - Tour de France shorts". *cyclingnews.com*. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
4. Lillelund, Benjamin (11 September 2017). "Pengemand køber sig ind: Riis' hold skifter navn". Feltet.dk. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
5. "Team Virtu Cycling becomes Team Waoo". *teamvirtucycling.com*. 27 July 2018.
6. "Team Waoo Roster 2019". Retrieved May 31, 2019.

## InfoBox

Team Waoo
| Team information | |
| --- | --- |
| UCI code | TWA |
| Registered | Denmark |
| Founded | 2012 (2012) |
| Disbanded | 2019 |
| Discipline(s) | Road |
| Status | UCI Continental |
| Team name history | |
| 2012–2013
2014–2016
2016
2017
2017–2018
2018–2019 | Team Trefor
Team Trefor–Blue Water
Team Virtu Pro–Véloconcept
Team VéloCONCEPT
Team Virtu Cycling
Team Waoo |


title: Tebe-Tebe

abstract: Tebe-Tebe is a community council located in the Berea District of Lesotho. Its population in 2006 was 16,533.

text:
# Tebe-Tebe

**Tebe-Tebe** is a community council located in the Berea District of Lesotho. Its population in 2006 was 16,533.

## Villages

The community of Tebe-Tebe includes the villages of Ha 'Matanki, Ha 'Neko, Ha Boimamelo, Ha Jane, Ha Johane, Ha Lefoleri, Ha Lejone, Ha Lenkoane, Ha Leponesa, Ha Lereko, Ha Lethokonyane, Ha Leutsoa, Ha Macheche, Ha Majoro, Ha Makhatseane, Ha Makhula, Ha Malefetsane (Ha Ntlama), Ha Mapeshoane (Malimong), Ha Matjotjo, Ha Matsipe, Ha Mika, Ha Mohatlane, Ha Moholobela, Ha Mokhameleli, Ha Mokhethi, Ha Mokolanyane, Ha Molahli, Ha Mona, Ha Monethi, Ha Moorosane, Ha Morake, Ha Naleli, Ha Nkhahle, Ha Ntlama, Ha Ntsekhe, Ha Pii, Ha Pitso, Ha Ramaema, Ha Ramapaeane, Ha Ramaqele, Ha Ramosenyehi, Ha Selei, Ha Sello, Ha Tello, Ha Tsai, Ha Tsikoane, Ha Tsikoane Phalole, Ha Tsimatsi, Liolong, Lipohong, Litooaneng, and Masuoeng.

## InfoBox

| Tebe-Tebe | |
| --- | --- |
| Community Council | |
| Tebe-TebeGeographic Center of Community | |
| Coordinates: 29°12′52″S 27°54′49″E / 29.21444°S 27.91361°E / -29.21444; 27.91361 | |
| Country | Lesotho |
| District | Berea District |
| Elevation | 6,152 ft (1,875 m) |
| Population (2006) | |
| Total | 16,533 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
| Coordinates computed from Lesotho Villages file. | |


title: Tebe dance

abstract: Tebe dance is a traditional dance originating from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia and East Timor. Tebe dance is a typical dance of the Belu and Malaka people, and it symbolizes the intimacy and solidarity between residents. In addition, Tebe dance is also an overflow of joy for success or victory. The Tebe dance is performed by men and women holding hands while singing in unison poems and rhymes that contain praise, criticism or requests, while stomping their feet according to the rhythm of the song. The Tebe dance ends when all the performers sit cross-legged on a large mat to share a light meal together as a sign to part ways and return to their homes. The Tebe dance, which is one of the cultures of East Nusa Tenggara, is usually performed at night, during traditional weddings or other events. According to historical records, in ancient times it was carried out when the Meo returned from the battlefield carrying the enemy's head, then staked it in the middle and then surrounded it all night, and usually for 3 or 4 days. The Tebe Dance is often performed at church events or other joyful events. It is also performed in Timor-Leste, where it is known as Tebe-tebe.

text:
# Tebe dance

**Tebe dance** is a traditional dance originating from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia and East Timor. Tebe dance is a typical dance of the Belu and Malaka people, and it symbolizes the intimacy and solidarity between residents. In addition, Tebe dance is also an overflow of joy for success or victory.

The Tebe dance is performed by men and women holding hands while singing in unison poems and rhymes that contain praise, criticism or requests, while stomping their feet according to the rhythm of the song. The Tebe dance ends when all the performers sit cross-legged on a large mat to share a light meal together as a sign to part ways and return to their homes.

The Tebe dance, which is one of the cultures of East Nusa Tenggara, is usually performed at night, during traditional weddings or other events. According to historical records, in ancient times it was carried out when the *Meo* (war soldier) returned from the battlefield carrying the enemy's head, then staked it in the middle and then surrounded it all night, and usually for 3 or 4 days.

The Tebe Dance is often performed at church events or other joyful events. It is also performed in Timor-Leste, where it is known as Tebe-tebe.

## InfoBox

*Tebe* dance
| Tebe traditional dance performance by female dancers in Viqueque, Timor-Leste | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Traditional dance |
| Instrument(s) | *Kendhang*, *Kompang* |
| Origin | Indonesia |


title: Teen Ta Tseang Keun

abstract: Teen Ta Tseang Keun or Tëen ta tsëang keun meaning "Heaven's Great General", was a Chinese constellation (星官) in the region of Lóu (婁宿天區). It contained stars of the western constellations Andromeda and Triangulum. Allen based identification of Chinese star names by the English astronomer John Williams (1797–1874) and the naturalist John Reeves. But Allen lacked last word kuen as Tien Ta Tseang and also transliterated it as Tsien Ta Tseang.

text:
# Teen Ta Tseang Keun

***Teen Ta Tseang Keun*** (simplified Chinese: 天大将军; traditional Chinese: 天大將軍; pinyin: **Tiān Dà Jiāngjūn**) or ***Tëen ta tsëang keun*** meaning "Heaven's Great General", was a Chinese constellation (星官) in the region of *Lóu* (婁宿天區). It contained stars of the western constellations Andromeda and Triangulum. Allen based identification of Chinese star names by the English astronomer John Williams (1797–1874) and the naturalist John Reeves. But Allen lacked last word *kuen* as *Tien Ta Tseang* and also transliterated it as *Tsien Ta Tseang*.

## Identification of stars

| No. | Name | Chang | by *Chang* | with *Yi Xiang Kao Cheng* | with *Temmon Keitō* |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 天大將軍一 | 353 | γ Andromedae | γ Andromedae | 54 Andromedae\* |
| 2 | 天大將軍二 | 297 | φ Persei | 54 Andromedae* | 51 Andromedae |
| 3 | 天大將軍三 | 278 | υ Persei | 51 Andromedae | 49 Andromedae |
| 4 | 天大將軍四 | 258 |  | 49 Andromedae | ω Andromedae |
| 5 | 天大將軍五 | 282 |  | χ Andromedae | χ Andromedae |
| 6 | 天大將軍六 | 274 | υ Andromedae | υ Andromedae | 50 Andromedae |
| 7 | 天大將軍七 | 287 | τ Andromedae | τ Andromedae | 56 Andromedae |
| 8 | 天大將軍八 | 328 |  | 56 Andromedae | 58 Andromedae |
| 9 | 天大將軍九 | 370 | β Trianguli | β Trianguli | β Trianguli |
| 10 | 天大將軍十 | 397 | γ Trianguli | γ Trianguli | γ Trianguli |
| 11 | 天大將軍十一 | 396 |  | δ Trianguli | γ Andromedae |
| 12 | 天大將軍増一 | 231 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 13 | 天大將軍増二 | 232 | ξ Andromedae | ―― | ―― |
| 14 | 天大將軍増三 | 247 | ω Andromedae | ―― | ―― |
| 15 | 天大將軍増四 | 299 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 16 | 天大將軍増五 | 351 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 17 | 天大將軍増六 | 384 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 18 | 天大將軍増七 | 394 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 19 | 天大將軍増八 | 439 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 20 | 天大將軍増九 | 368 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 21 | 天大將軍増十 | 377 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 22 | 天大將軍増十一 | 321 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 23 | 天大將軍増十二 | 387 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 24 | 天大將軍増十三 | 405 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 25 | 天大將軍増十四 | 400 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 26 | 天大將軍増十五 | 334 |  | ―― | ―― |
| 27 | 天大將軍増十六 | 317 | 2 Persei | ―― | ―― |
| 28 | 天大將軍増十七 | 437 |  | ―― | ―― |

Notes

54 And is designated as φ Per in recent times.

* Allen, R. H. (1963). *Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning* (rep. ed.). New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc. ISBN 0-486-21079-0.
* 大崎正次 (1987): 「中国の星座・星名の同定一覧表」『中国の星座の歴史』 雄山閣出版, p. 326.(in Japanese)
* 陳久金 (2005): 『中國星座神話』 台灣書房出版有限公司. ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.(in Chinese)


title: Ted Nash (entrepreneur)

abstract: Ted Nash is an English businessman who is best known for launching the site Little Gossip Nash is also known for developing various apps and websites.

text:
# Ted Nash (entrepreneur)

**Ted Nash** (born 1991) is an English businessman who is best known for launching the site Little Gossip Nash is also known for developing various apps and websites.

## Personal life

In 1991, Edward John Nash was born in Taunton, Somerset, United Kingdom to parents Andy and Linda.

## Career

In 2010, Nash launched Little Gossip, a controversial site that allows users to anonymously post rumours about their school peers. The site was subject to public criticism from parents, teachers and school administrators. The website also received coverage from BBC Panorama and BBC Radio. It was sold to Platinum Century in 2011.

In 2013, Nash founded Tapdaq, a mobile advertising exchange and acts as the company's CEO. Tapdaq raised $1.4 million in capital in 2014 to fund commercialisation of its in-app advertising exchange.

Nash is CEO of Liquid5 with Fit or Fugly app allowed iPhone users to calculate the attractiveness of the human face using Fibonacci's golden ratio. It judges the symmetry of the face in an uploaded photo based on the key anchor points of nose, mouth, ears, chin and eyes.

## InfoBox

| Ted Nash | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1991-03-25) 25 March 1991<br>Taunton, Somerset, UK |
| Occupation | Businessman |
| Years active | 2005–present |
| Website | tednash.co.uk |


title: Erik Törnqvist

abstract: Erik Olof Törnqvist was a Finnish civil servant and diplomat. Törnqvist was born in Alahärmä. He graduated from high school in 1933 and as a bachelor of political science in 1937. Törnqvist began his career as actuary at the Finnish National Board of Customs from 1939 to 1940, then he was a researcher at the Bank of Finland from 1940 to 1942, Secretary of the price council at the Ministry of Supply 1942–1945, Secretary of the Economic Council 1946–1947, Member of the Delegation for the War reparations Industry 1946–1948 and Economic Counselor 1947–1949. While in 1949–1972 he was the head of the Economics Department of the Ministry of Finance, he had several important positions at first in Finland, Secretary General of the Economic Policy Planning Council 1951–1953, Secretary of the Prime Minister 1953–1954, President of the Finnish Group in the 1956–1957 Nordic Committee of Economy, UNECE Division Chief Geneva 1957–1959, United Nations Latin America and the Caribbean Economic Commission, Santiago de Chile, 1959–1961, UNTAB expert in Colombia 1962–1963, chairman of the Nordek delegation 1968–1970, member of the World Bank Executive Board in Washington, 1970–1972, and career Ambassador to Mexico and Cuba from 1973 to 1978. He died in Helsinki, aged 86. Erik Törnqvist’s brother was professor of statistics Leo Törnqvist.

text:
# Erik Törnqvist

**Erik Olof Törnqvist** (20 July 1915 – 23 October 2001) was a Finnish civil servant and diplomat.

Törnqvist was born in Alahärmä. He graduated from high school in 1933 and as a bachelor of political science in 1937.

Törnqvist began his career as actuary at the Finnish National Board of Customs from 1939 to 1940, then he was a researcher at the Bank of Finland from 1940 to 1942, Secretary of the price council at the Ministry of Supply 1942–1945, Secretary of the Economic Council 1946–1947, Member of the Delegation for the War reparations Industry 1946–1948 and Economic Counselor 1947–1949.

While in 1949–1972 he was the head of the Economics Department of the Ministry of Finance, he had several important positions at first in Finland, Secretary General of the Economic Policy Planning Council 1951–1953, Secretary of the Prime Minister 1953–1954, President of the Finnish Group in the 1956–1957 Nordic Committee of Economy, UNECE Division Chief Geneva 1957–1959, United Nations Latin America and the Caribbean Economic Commission, Santiago de Chile, 1959–1961, UNTAB expert in Colombia 1962–1963, chairman of the Nordek delegation 1968–1970, member of the World Bank Executive Board in Washington, 1970–1972, and career Ambassador to Mexico and Cuba from 1973 to 1978. He died in Helsinki, aged 86.

Erik Törnqvist’s brother was professor of statistics Leo Törnqvist.


title: Telephone numbers in Spain

abstract: The Spanish telephone numbering plan is the allocation of telephone numbers in Spain. It was previously regulated by the Comisión del Mercado de las Telecomunicaciones (CMT), but is now regulated by the Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (CNMC).

text:
# Telephone numbers in Spain

The **Spanish telephone numbering plan** is the allocation of telephone numbers in Spain. It was previously regulated by the Comisión del Mercado de las Telecomunicaciones (CMT), but is now regulated by the Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (CNMC).

## History

Before 1998, local telephone calls could be made using only the subscriber's number without the area code, while the trunk code '9' was omitted when calling from outside Spain, e.g.:

```
xx[x] xx xx     (within the same province)
**9xx** xxx xxx     (within Spain)
**+34 xx** xxx xxx  (outside Spain)
```

International calls were made by dialling the international access code **07**, waiting for a tone, and then dialling the country code. However, calls to Gibraltar were made using the prefix '956' for the province of Cádiz, followed by the digit '7', instead of the country code +350, e.g.:

```
**7** xx xxx     (from Cádiz)
**956 7** xx xxx (from the rest of Spain)
```

Similarly, calls to Andorra were made using the prefix '973' for the province of Lleida followed by the digit '8', e.g.:

```
**8** xx xxx        (from Lleida)
**9738** xx xxx     (from Spain)
```

It was also possible to call Andorra from other countries via Spain using the prefix +34 738 instead of via France using the prefix +33 628. However, on 17 December 1994, Andorra adopted its own country code +376, with '8' being added to the subscriber's five-digit number, meaning that international dialling was required from Spain, e.g.:

```
**9738** xx xxx   (before 17 December 1994)
**07376** 8xx xxx (after 17 December 1994)
```

Mobile phone numbers began with the prefix '90x' or '9x9', e.g.:

```
**9x9** xxx xxx     (within Spain)
**+34 x9** xxx xxx  (outside Spain)
```

## Current numbering plan

On 1 December 1998, Spain changed to a new telephone numbering plan. Under the closed numbering plan with the trunk prefix '9' being incorporated into the subscriber's number, so that a nine-digit number was used for all calls, e.g.:

```
**9xx** xxx xxx      (within Spain)
**+34 9xx** xxx xxx  (outside Spain)
```

Mobiles similarly changed, and were now prefixed with the digit '6':

```
 **608** xxx xxx     (within Spain before 1998)
 **+34 08** xxx xxx  (outside Spain before 1998)
 **+34 608** xxx xxx (since 1998)
```

New numbering ranges have also since been introduced:

```
 **10xx**        Carrier selection codes
 **5xx xxx xxx** Personal Numbering
 **7yx xxx xxx** (since 2009–2010; note *y* cannot be 0 (zero) because this is allocated as a *personal number*, see below)
 **8xx xxx xxx** Geographic expansion
 **800 xxx xxx** Freephone
 **900 xxx xxx** Freephone
 **80x xxx xxx** Shared-cost
 **90x xxx xxx** Shared-cost
```

Spain's international access code also changed from **07** to **00**, but this did not affect dialling arrangements for calls to Gibraltar, with the 9567 prefix being retained. In addition, it was possible to call Gibraltar from other countries via Spain using the prefix +34 9567. However, on 10 February 2007, Spain adopted the international prefix 00350 for all calls to Gibraltar, thereby bringing end to a dispute between Gibraltar and Spain. Consequently, numbers with the prefix 9567 were withdrawn from use, and made available for reassignment to subscribers in Spain.

### Mobile phones

Mobile phone numbers begin with 6 or 7, followed by 8 digits (6xx xxx xxx or 7yx xxx xxx), where y can be 1 to 9, not 0 (zero). Note, numbers starting with 70 are personal numbers which can be re-directed to any other number by the personal owner. Since the blocks of mobile phone numbers are allocated according to demand from the service providers, there is not necessarily a unique service provider indicated by the three digit numbering group (6xx or 7yx).

In October 2009, new legislation was approved to grant the allocation of up to 80,000,000 new numbers beginning with number 7 (followed by 8 digits) to supplement the existing group beginning with number 6 (followed by 8 digits); due to the lack of available numbers to satisfy the increasing demand for mobile phone and other mobile / wireless services.

### Personal numbering

Personal numbers are used as redirection IDs. The owner of a personal number may request, for example, any call to its personal number to be redirected to any other number it wants.

Personal numbers begin with 5, followed by 8 digits.

### Other numbers

* Numbers starting with 2, 3, 4, 5, and 99 are reserved.
* Numbers starting with 0 and 1 are used to compose short numbers or for prefixes. For example, three-digit numbers starting with 0 are for emergency and services to the citizen.
* Numbers starting with 80 and 90, then a number different from 0, are used for premium rates, toll free, and internet access numbers.
    + 905 numbers are supposed to be used for voting systems. Calls have a limited duration (typically 3 minutes), and are charged a fixed rate per call. They are often used in TV shows as a substitutive of 80 numbers, both for image reasons and because operators are not obliged to block them on a user request, as 80 numbers are.
    + Until 2003, 906 used to be the prefix for premium rate calls, where the calling party pays a fixed amount of money per minute and are lucrative for the called party. In that year, 906 was discontinued and split in three: 803 for phone sex, 806 for entertainment, gambling and various services such as divination, and 807 for professional services such as legal and medical advice.
    + 908 and 909 were designed to be the numbers for dial-up Internet access. However, they have been widely replaced by digital subscriber line and faster Internet access technologies. 907 was the prefix for dial-up access to premium rate websites.
* 800 and 900 numbers are freephone numbers in Spain. The called party pays the cost of the call.
* 901 and 902 numbers are Non Geographic Numbers. These have been widely introduced by the call centres of large multinational European businesses. Unlike other normal Spanish phone numbers beginning 910 onwards, 901 and 902 numbers are always excluded from inclusive call bundles on Spanish landlines and mobiles. In 901 lines, the cost of the call is shared between the calling party and the receiver; in a 902, the calling party pays all the cost of the call. 902 numbers are extremely expensive to call from Spanish mobiles. 901 and 902 numbers are also premium rated if calling Spain from overseas and low cost international call carriers to Spain normally refuse to connect calls to 901 and 902 numbers.

## Area codes

Area codes in Spain
| National Destination Code | Max length | Min length | Category or province |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 3 | 3 | Short Number |
| 00 | 2 | 2 | International Prefix |
| 1 | 4 | 4 | Short Number |
| 103 | 6 | 4 | Operator Selection |
| 104 | 6 | 4 | Operator Selection |
| 105 | 6 | 4 | Operator Selection |
| 107 | 6 | 4 | Operator Selection |
| 112 | 3 | 3 | Emergency Services |
| 118 | 5 | 5 | Directory assistance |
| 5 | 9 | 9 | Personal Numbering System |
| 6 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 70 | 9 | 9 | Personal Numbering System |
| 71 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 72 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 73 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 74 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 75 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 76 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 77 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 78 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 79 | 9 | 9 | Mobile phones |
| 800 | 9 | 9 | Toll Free |
| 803 | 9 | 9 | Premium Rate (adult services) |
| 806 | 9 | 9 | Premium Rate (entertaining service) |
| 807 | 9 | 9 | Premium Rate (professional services) |
| 822 | 9 | 9 | Santa Cruz de Tenerife |
| 824 | 9 | 9 | Badajoz |
| 828 | 9 | 9 | Las Palmas |
| 843 | 9 | 9 | Gipuzkoa |
| 848 | 9 | 9 | Navarre |
| 850 | 9 | 9 | Almería |
| 856 | 9 | 9 | Cádiz |
| 858 | 9 | 9 | Granada |
| 868 | 9 | 9 | Murcia |
| 871 | 9 | 9 | Balearic Islands |
| 872 | 9 | 9 | Girona |
| 873 | 9 | 9 | Lleida |
| 876 | 9 | 9 | Zaragoza |
| 877 | 9 | 9 | Tarragona |
| 881 | 9 | 9 | A Coruña |
| 882 | 9 | 9 | Lugo |
| 886 | 9 | 9 | Pontevedra |
| 900 | 9 | 9 | Toll Free |
| 901 | 9 | 9 | Shared-cost call |
| 902 | 9 | 9 | National Rate |
| 905 | 9 | 9 | Telephone Voting System |
| 907 | 9 | 9 | Premium Rate (data systems) |
| 908 | 9 | 9 | Internet Access |
| 909 | 9 | 9 | Internet Access |
| 911 | 9 | 9 | Madrid (Segovia and Guadalajara until 1993) |
| 912 | 9 | 9 | Madrid |
| 913 | 9 | 9 | Madrid |
| 914 | 9 | 9 | Madrid |
| 915 | 9 | 9 | Madrid |
| 916 | 9 | 9 | Madrid |
| 917 | 9 | 9 | Madrid |
| 918 | 9 | 9 | Madrid (Ávila until 1993) |
| 920 | 9 | 9 | Ávila |
| 921 | 9 | 9 | Segovia |
| 922 | 9 | 9 | Santa Cruz de Tenerife |
| 923 | 9 | 9 | Salamanca |
| 924 | 9 | 9 | Badajoz |
| 925 | 9 | 9 | Toledo |
| 926 | 9 | 9 | Ciudad Real |
| 927 | 9 | 9 | Cáceres |
| 928 | 9 | 9 | Las Palmas |
| 931 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 932 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 933 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 934 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 935 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 936 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 937 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 938 | 9 | 9 | Barcelona |
| 940 | 9 | 9 | Pager Services |
| 941 | 9 | 9 | La Rioja |
| 942 | 9 | 9 | Cantabria |
| 943 | 9 | 9 | Gipuzkoa |
| 944 | 9 | 9 | Biscay |
| 945 | 9 | 9 | Álava |
| 946 | 9 | 9 | Biscay |
| 947 | 9 | 9 | Burgos |
| 948 | 9 | 9 | Navarre |
| 949 | 9 | 9 | Guadalajara |
| 950 | 9 | 9 | Almería |
| 951 | 9 | 9 | Málaga |
| 952 | 9 | 9 | Málaga |
| 953 | 9 | 9 | Jaén |
| 954 | 9 | 9 | Seville |
| 955 | 9 | 9 | Seville |
| 956 | 9 | 9 | Cádiz |
| 957 | 9 | 9 | Córdoba |
| 958 | 9 | 9 | Granada |
| 959 | 9 | 9 | Huelva |
| 960 | 9 | 9 | Valencia |
| 961 | 9 | 9 | Valencia, Center of province |
| 962 | 9 | 9 | Valencia, South of province |
| 963 | 9 | 9 | Valencia, City and surroundings |
| 964 | 9 | 9 | Castellón |
| 965 | 9 | 9 | Alicante |
| 966 | 9 | 9 | Alicante |
| 967 | 9 | 9 | Albacete |
| 968 | 9 | 9 | Murcia |
| 969 | 9 | 9 | Cuenca |
| 971 | 9 | 9 | Balearic Islands |
| 972 | 9 | 9 | Girona |
| 973 | 9 | 9 | Lleida |
| 974 | 9 | 9 | Huesca |
| 975 | 9 | 9 | Soria |
| 976 | 9 | 9 | Zaragoza |
| 977 | 9 | 9 | Tarragona |
| 978 | 9 | 9 | Teruel |
| 979 | 9 | 9 | Palencia |
| 980 | 9 | 9 | Zamora |
| 981 | 9 | 9 | A Coruña |
| 982 | 9 | 9 | Lugo |
| 983 | 9 | 9 | Valladolid |
| 984 | 9 | 9 | Asturias |
| 985 | 9 | 9 | Asturias |
| 986 | 9 | 9 | Pontevedra |
| 987 | 9 | 9 | León |
| 988 | 9 | 9 | Ourense |

## InfoBox

Telephone numbers in Spain
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | Spain |
| Continent | Europe |
| Regulator | CMT |
| Type | closed |
| Access codes | |
| Country code | +34 |
| International access | 00 |
| Long-distance | none |


title: Lundy, California

abstract: Lundy is a defunct community in Mono County, California, United States, located on Mill Creek in Lundy Canyon near the west end of Lundy Lake. It is situated at an elevation of 7858 feet. It was named after O.J. Lundy who operated a sawmill near Lundy Lake. The sawmill was a major timber producer for the nearby town of Bodie, California. Lundy also had a mining camp that was established in 1879. The Lundy post office ran from 1880 to 1914. Like many gold rush camps, Lundy is now defunct. The building of a dam raised Lundy Lake, and part of the site where the community once stood is now submerged. Lundy is now a popular fishing resort. Electricity is provided via a small generator and facilities are rather primitive. Besides the main lake there are also three lakes accessible only by hiking and several beaver ponds. When driving into Lundy canyon one can see the last grave of what was once a large cemetery. One section of Lundy Lake is called Stagecoach Corner as a stagecoach missed the sharp turn and ended up plummeting into the lake. Many years ago, scuba divers confirmed this story by finding the stagecoach, preserved by the icy cold waters of the lake, lying on its side.

text:
# Lundy, California

**Lundy** (formerly **Mill Creek**) is a defunct community in Mono County, California, United States, located on Mill Creek in Lundy Canyon near the west end of Lundy Lake. It is situated at an elevation of 7858 feet (2395 m). It was named after O.J. Lundy who operated a sawmill near Lundy Lake. The sawmill was a major timber producer for the nearby town of Bodie, California. Lundy also had a mining camp that was established in 1879. The Lundy post office ran from 1880 to 1914.

Like many gold rush camps, Lundy is now defunct. The building of a dam raised Lundy Lake, and part of the site where the community once stood is now submerged.

Lundy is now a popular fishing resort. Electricity is provided via a small generator and facilities are rather primitive. Besides the main lake there are also three lakes accessible only by hiking and several beaver ponds.

When driving into Lundy canyon one can see the last grave of what was once a large cemetery. One section of Lundy Lake is called Stagecoach Corner as a stagecoach missed the sharp turn and ended up plummeting into the lake. Many years ago, scuba divers confirmed this story by finding the stagecoach, preserved by the icy cold waters of the lake, lying on its side.

## Climate

| Climate data for Lundy, California | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 41.1
(5.1) | 41.3
(5.2) | 45.8
(7.7) | 51.2
(10.7) | 58.8
(14.9) | 68.8
(20.4) | 76.7
(24.8) | 76.0
(24.4) | 69.6
(20.9) | 59.3
(15.2) | 48.1
(8.9) | 39.9
(4.4) | 56.4
(13.6) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 27.0
(−2.8) | 26.9
(−2.8) | 31.1
(−0.5) | 36.4
(2.4) | 43.5
(6.4) | 51.6
(10.9) | 58.9
(14.9) | 57.8
(14.3) | 51.8
(11.0) | 43.0
(6.1) | 33.7
(0.9) | 26.3
(−3.2) | 40.7
(4.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 12.8
(−10.7) | 12.6
(−10.8) | 16.4
(−8.7) | 21.6
(−5.8) | 28.2
(−2.1) | 34.5
(1.4) | 41.1
(5.1) | 39.5
(4.2) | 34.0
(1.1) | 26.8
(−2.9) | 19.1
(−7.2) | 12.9
(−10.6) | 25.0
(−3.9) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 5.00
(127) | 4.42
(112) | 3.94
(100) | 1.94
(49) | 1.30
(33) | 0.47
(12) | 0.52
(13) | 0.44
(11) | 0.47
(12) | 1.27
(32) | 2.25
(57) | 3.95
(100) | 25.97
(658) |
| Source: PRISM | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Lundy, California

## InfoBox

| Lundy | |
| --- | --- |
| LundyLocation in CaliforniaLundyLundy (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 38°01′39″N 119°14′30″W / 38.02750°N 119.24167°W / 38.02750; -119.24167 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | Mono County |
| Elevation | 7,858 ft (2,395 m) |


title: Lyndsay Fletcher

abstract: Lyndsay Fletcher is a Scottish astrophysicist at the University of Glasgow who specialises in solar flares.

text:
# Lyndsay Fletcher

**Lyndsay Fletcher** (born 1968) FRSE is a Scottish astrophysicist at the University of Glasgow who specialises in solar flares.

## Early life and education

Fletcher attended Bellahouston Academy in Glasgow, and credits her high school physics teacher there with her enjoyment of physics. She studied physics and astronomy at the University of Glasgow and graduated in 1989. She remained there for her graduate studies, earning a PhD in 1993.

## Research and career

In 1993 Fletcher joined Utrecht University as a postdoctoral researcher. She was then appointed a research fellow at the European Space Agency (ESA) in Noordwijk in 1996, where she remained for two years working on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory.

In 1998 she joined Lockheed Martin in Palo Alto, California, using the Yohkoh and TRACE satellites to study flares and plasma jets from the sun. She returned to Glasgow in 2000, becoming a lecturer later that year and a Professor in 2014. She is an authority on solar flares, notably espousing the role of Alfvénic transport of energy. In 2015 she was appointed the President of the International Astronomical Union Commission E2 on Solar Activity. Between 2014 and 2016 she led the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) project F-CHROMA, which included the citizen science project F-HUNTERS. She co-edited the book *Solar and Stellar Flares,* in 2017.

### Public service

Fletcher was a member of the Royal Astronomical Society council from 2006 to 2009. In 2011 she became the Geophysics Secretary, and in 2017 the Senior Secretary. Fletcher has campaigned for diversity in physics and supports the Institute of Physics Juno campaign. She was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) in 2017. She serves on the Science Working group for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope. She is an advisor for the Rosseland Centre for Solar Physics at the University of Oslo and for the Kiepenheuer Institute for Solar Physics. Fletcher has spoken at the Edinburgh International Science Festival, Glasgow Science Centre, British Astronomical Association and the Institute of Physics in Scotland.

### Awards and honours

Her awards and honours include:

## InfoBox

| Lyndsay FletcherFRSE | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1968-12-03) 3 December 1968 |
| Education | Bellahouston Academy |
| Alma mater | University of Glasgow (BSc, PhD) |
| Awards | RAS Harold Jeffreys Lecturer 2011 |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | astrophysics
solar physics
solar flares |
| Institutions | University of Glasgow
European Space Agency
Utrecht University
Lockheed Martin |
| Thesis | *H impact polarization as a solar and astrophysical particle diagnostic* (1993) |
|  | |
| Website | www.gla.ac.uk/schools/physics/staff/lyndsayfletcher and https://www.astro.gla.ac.uk/?p=123 |


title: Lyndsay Belisle

abstract: Lyndsay Belisle is a retired amateur Canadian freestyle wrestler, who competed in the women's flyweight category. Considering one of the world's top female freestyle wrestlers in her decade, Belisle has claimed two silver medals each in the 48 and 51-kg division at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, and at the 2006 World Wrestling Championships in Guangzhou, China, and seized an opportunity to compete for Canada at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Throughout her sporting career, Belisle trained full-time for the Burnaby Mountain Wrestling Club in Burnaby, British Columbia under her personal coach Mike Jones. Belisle made sporting headlines at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, where she captured a silver medal in the women's 48-kg division, losing to U.S. wrestler Patricia Miranda by a powerful pin. When women's wrestling made its debut at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Belisle qualified for the Canadian squad in the inaugural 48 kg class. Earlier in the process, she outclassed Mongolia's Tsogtbazaryn Enkhjargal to snatch both the trophy and ticket from the Olympic Qualification Tournament in Madrid, Spain. She lost two straight matches each to Japan's Chiharu Icho on technical superiority, and Germany's Brigitte Wagner by a formidable 4–3 verdict, leaving her on the bottom of the prelim pool and placing eleventh in the final standings. At the 2006 World Wrestling Championships in Guangzhou, China, Belisle grappled her way at three kilograms heavier to pick up a silver medal in the final match against Japan's Hitomi Sakamoto in the 51-kg division.

text:
# Lyndsay Belisle

**Lyndsay Belisle** (born October 1, 1977, in Hazelton, British Columbia) is a retired amateur Canadian freestyle wrestler, who competed in the women's flyweight category. Considering one of the world's top female freestyle wrestlers in her decade, Belisle has claimed two silver medals each in the 48 and 51-kg division at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, and at the 2006 World Wrestling Championships in Guangzhou, China, and seized an opportunity to compete for Canada at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Throughout her sporting career, Belisle trained full-time for the Burnaby Mountain Wrestling Club in Burnaby, British Columbia under her personal coach Mike Jones.

Belisle made sporting headlines at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, where she captured a silver medal in the women's 48-kg division, losing to U.S. wrestler Patricia Miranda by a powerful pin.

When women's wrestling made its debut at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Belisle qualified for the Canadian squad in the inaugural 48 kg class. Earlier in the process, she outclassed Mongolia's Tsogtbazaryn Enkhjargal to snatch both the trophy and ticket from the Olympic Qualification Tournament in Madrid, Spain. She lost two straight matches each to Japan's Chiharu Icho on technical superiority, and Germany's Brigitte Wagner by a formidable 4–3 verdict, leaving her on the bottom of the prelim pool and placing eleventh in the final standings.

At the 2006 World Wrestling Championships in Guangzhou, China, Belisle grappled her way at three kilograms heavier to pick up a silver medal in the final match against Japan's Hitomi Sakamoto in the 51-kg division.

## InfoBox

Lyndsay Belisle
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Lyndsay Belisle |
| Nationality | Canada |
| Born | (1977-10-01) 1 October 1977
Hazelton, British Columbia,
Canada |
| Height | 1.50 m (4 ft 11 in) |
| Weight | 48 kg (106 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Wrestling |
|  | |
| Style | Freestyle |
| Club | BMWC Burnaby |
| Coach | Mike Jones |
|  | |
| Medal record      Women's freestyle wrestling  Representing  Canada  Pan American Games  2003 Santo Domingo 48 kg  World Championships  2006 Guangzhou 51 kg | |


abstract: Television's Greatest Hits: In Living Color, prefaced with "TeeVee Toons Presents", is a 1996 compilation album of 65 television theme songs from the 1960s and 1970s released by TVT Records as the fifth volume of the Television's Greatest Hits series. The album catalog was later acquired by The Bicycle Music Company. In September 2011, Los Angeles-based Oglio Records announced they were releasing the Television's Greatest Hits song catalog after entering into an arrangement The Bicycle Music Company. A series of 9 initial "6-packs" including some of the songs from the album has been announced for 2011.

text:
# Television's Greatest Hits: In Living Color

***Television's Greatest Hits: In Living Color***, prefaced with "***TeeVee Toons Presents***", is a 1996 compilation album of 65 television theme songs from the 1960s and 1970s released by TVT Records as the fifth volume of the *Television's Greatest Hits* series.

The album catalog was later acquired by The Bicycle Music Company. In September 2011, Los Angeles-based Oglio Records announced they were releasing the *Television's Greatest Hits* song catalog after entering into an arrangement The Bicycle Music Company. A series of 9 initial "6-packs" including some of the songs from the album has been announced for 2011.

## Track listing

1. A1 Stingray
2. A2 Thunderbirds
3. A3 Gigantor
4. A4 Cool McCool
5. A5 The Go-Go Gophers
6. A6 The World of Commander McBragg
7. A7 Secret Squirrel
8. A8 The Atom Ant Show
9. A9 Wacky Races
10. A10 Hong Kong Phooey
11. A11 Super Chicken
12. A12 Tom Slick Racer
13. A13 H.R. Pufnstuf
14. A14 Land of the Lost
15. A15 Sigmund and the Sea Monsters
16. A16 Banana Splits ("The Tra La La Song" (AKA "One Banana, Two Banana"))
17. B1 Chico and the Man
18. B2 Please Don't Eat the Daisies
19. B3 The Ghost & Mrs. Muir
20. B4 Nanny and the Professor
21. B5 Here Come the Brides ("Seattle")
22. B6 The Flying Nun ("Who Needs Wings To Fly")
23. B7 Family Affair
24. B8 The Dating Game
25. B9 The Newlywed Game
26. B10 Let's Make a Deal
27. B11 All My Children
28. B12 General Hospital ("Autumn Breeze")
29. B13 Peyton Place ("Wonderful Season of Love")
30. B14 Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman ("Premiere Occasion (You Have Never Been In Love)")
31. C1 Gentle Ben
32. C2 Skippy the Bush Kangaroo
33. C3 *The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams* ("Maybe")
34. C4 The High Chaparral
35. C5 The Big Valley
36. C6 Cimarron Strip
37. C7 Laredo
38. C8 The Men From Shiloh
39. C9 It Takes a Thief
40. C10 The Magician
41. C11 Switch
42. C12 Felony Squad
43. C13 Police Woman
44. C14 The Men
45. C15 Cannon
46. C16 Judd, for the Defense
47. C17 Emergency!
48. C18 Police Story
49. D1 The Six Million Dollar Man
50. D2 The Bionic Woman
51. D3 The Girl from U.N.C.L.E.
52. D4 Night Gallery
53. D5 Kolchak: The Night Stalker
54. D6 The Invaders
55. D7 Land of the Giants
56. D8 Lost In Space
57. D9 Olympic Fanfare
58. D10 Masterpiece Theatre
59. D11 Hullabaloo
60. D12 Where the Action Is ("Action")
61. D13 Happening '68
62. D14 This Is Tom Jones ("It's Not Unusual")
63. D16 Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In ("Inquisitive Tango")
64. D15 The Dean Martin Show ("Everybody Loves Somebody")
65. D16 The Carol Burnett Show ("Carol's Theme")

## InfoBox

| Television's Greatest Hits, Volume 5: In Living Color | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album | |
| Released | 1996 |
| Label | TVT Records |
| chronology | |
| *Television's Greatest Hits, Volume 4: Black & White Classics*
(1996) ***Television's Greatest Hits, Volume 5: In Living Color***
(1996) *Television's Greatest Hits, Volume 6: Remote Control*
(1996) | |


title: Telve

abstract: Telve is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,914 and an area of 64.8 square kilometres (25.0 sq mi). Telve borders the following municipalities: Castello-Molina di Fiemme, Valfloriana, Pieve Tesino, Scurelle, Baselga di Pinè, Palù del Fersina, Telve di Sopra, Carzano, Borgo Valsugana and Castelnuovo.

text:
# Telve

**Telve** (*Télve* in local dialect) is a *comune* (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,914 and an area of 64.8 square kilometres (25.0 sq mi).

Telve borders the following municipalities: Castello-Molina di Fiemme, Valfloriana, Pieve Tesino, Scurelle, Baselga di Pinè, Palù del Fersina, Telve di Sopra, Carzano, Borgo Valsugana and Castelnuovo.

## Demographic evolution

1. "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
2. "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
3. All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.

## InfoBox

| Telve | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Telve | |
| Location of Telve | |
| TelveLocation of Telve in ItalyTelveTelve (Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol) | |
| Coordinates: 46°4′N 11°29′E / 46.067°N 11.483°E / 46.067; 11.483 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol |
| Province | Trentino (TN) |
| Area | |
| Total | 64.8 km2 (25.0 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 548 m (1,798 ft) |
| Population (Dec. 2004) | |
| Total | 1,914 |
| Density | 30/km2 (77/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 38050 |
| Dialing code | 0461 |
| Website | Official website |


title: Eremophila clavata

abstract: Eremophila clavata is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, dense, spreading shrub with narrow grey, club-shaped leaves and pink to purple, sometimes blue flowers.

text:
# Eremophila clavata

***Eremophila clavata*** is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, dense, spreading shrub with narrow grey, club-shaped leaves and pink to purple, sometimes blue flowers.

## Description

*Eremophila clavata* is low, dense, compact and spreading shrub growing to a height of about 0.5 m (2 ft) and 0.8 m (3 ft) wide with branches covered with branched grey hairs. The leaves are scattered along the stems, mostly 5–11 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long and 0.9–1.6 mm (0.04–0.06 in) wide. They are club-shaped, smooth on the top surface but covered with warty lumps on the lower surface, hairy with flakes of white resin at first but become glabrous with age.

The flowers are borne singly in leaf axils on a stalk which is 1.7–5 mm (0.07–0.2 in) long. There are 5 egg-shaped, green sepals which overlap slightly and are 2.5–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long. The petals are 10–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long and joined at their lower end to form a tube. The petal tube is white, pink, mauve or purple on the outside and white with purple spots inside. The petal tube is glabrous except for the inside of the tube which is filled with spidery hairs. There are 4 stamens, two of which extend slightly beyond the tube while the other two are enclosed. Flowering mainly occurs from September to December and is followed by fruits which are dry, wrinkled, cone-shaped, 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long and covered with hairs.

## Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described by Robert Chinnock in 2007 and the description was published in *Eremophila and Allied Genera: A Monograph of the Plant Family Myoporaceae*. The type specimen was collected by Chinnock, 31 km (20 mi) north of Widgiemooltha. The specific epithet (*clavata*) is a Latin word meaning "club-shaped" referring to the shape of the leaves of this species, which thicken near the end.

## Distribution

*Eremophila clavata* occurs between Coolgardie and Salmon Gums in the Coolgardie and Mallee biogeographic regions where it grows in loam or lateritic clay on plains and the slopes of low hills.

## Conservation status

*E. clavata* is classified as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.

## Use in horticulture

This small, compact eremophila is a hardy plant which is showy in flower and ideal for small gardens. It can be propagated from cuttings or by grafting, grows in a range of soils in full or partial sun and is frost tolerant and drought resistant.

## InfoBox

| *Eremophila clavata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Scrophulariaceae |
| Genus: | *Eremophila* |
| Species: | ***E. clavata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eremophila clavata***<br>Chinnock | |
|


title: Erik Johnson (infielder)

abstract: Erik Anthony Johnson is an American former professional baseball infielder who played for the San Francisco Giants of the Major League Baseball (MLB) in 1993 and 1994. Johnson played in the 1978 Little League World Series; his team won the U.S. championship and lost in the finals to Taiwan.

text:
# Erik Johnson (infielder)

**Erik Anthony Johnson** (born October 11, 1965) is an American former professional baseball infielder who played for the San Francisco Giants of the Major League Baseball (MLB) in 1993 and 1994.

Johnson played in the 1978 Little League World Series; his team won the U.S. championship and lost in the finals to Taiwan.

## InfoBox

| Erik Johnson | |
| --- | --- |
| Johnson with the Clinton Giants c. 1988 | |
| **Infielder** | |
| **Born:**  (1965-10-11) October 11, 1965<br>Oakland, California | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| July 8, 1993, for the San Francisco Giants | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| May 28, 1994, for the San Francisco Giants | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Games played | 9 |
| At bats | 18 |
| Batting average | .222 |
| Hits | 4 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Lyngby, Norddjurs Municipality

abstract: Lyngby is a small village, with a population of 323, in Norddjurs Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. Lyngby Church is located in the village.

text:
# Lyngby, Norddjurs Municipality

**Lyngby** is a small village, with a population of 323 (1 January 2024), in Norddjurs Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark.

Lyngby Church is located in the village.

## InfoBox

| Lyngby | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Lyngby Church | |
| LyngbyLocation in Central Denmark RegionLyngbyLyngby (Denmark) | |
| Coordinates: 56°22′4″N 10°44′45″E / 56.36778°N 10.74583°E / 56.36778; 10.74583 | |
| Country | Denmark |
| Region | Central Denmark (*Midtjylland*) |
| Municipality | Norddjurs Municipality |
| Parish | Lyngby Parish |
| Population (2024) | |
| Total | 323 |


title: Lyngby-Taarbæk Symfoniorkester

abstract: Lyngby-Taarbæk Symfoniorkester is a full philharmonic amateur orchestra based in Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. It consists of a mixed group of conservatory students and amateur musicians, ranging in age from the early teens to the 50s and 60s. It is usually conducted by well-known guest conductors, and complemented by solo musicians for particular pieces. It has a reputation as one of the best amateur orchestras in Denmark. Founded in 1957 as part of the local municipal music school, it became a wholly independent orchestra in 1980. The orchestra usually takes up three projects a year, ending the season with a concert in Tivoli's Concert Hall. The orchestra performs mostly in the greater Copenhagen area, but has in recent years visited such places as France, Sweden, Italy, UK, the Faroe Islands, Austria and Latvia. In October 2009, the orchestra visited Rotterdam in the Netherlands and performed in the Arminius Church.

text:
# Lyngby-Taarbæk Symfoniorkester

**Lyngby-Taarbæk Symfoniorkester** (engl. Lyngby-Taarbæk Philharmonic Orchestra) is a full philharmonic amateur orchestra based in Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. It consists of a mixed group of conservatory students and amateur musicians, ranging in age from the early teens to the 50s and 60s. It is usually conducted by well-known guest conductors, and complemented by solo musicians for particular pieces. It has a reputation as one of the best amateur orchestras in Denmark.

Founded in 1957 as part of the local municipal music school, it became a wholly independent orchestra in 1980. The orchestra usually takes up three projects a year, ending the season with a concert in Tivoli's Concert Hall. The orchestra performs mostly in the greater Copenhagen area, but has in recent years visited such places as France, Sweden, Italy, UK, the Faroe Islands, Austria and Latvia. In October 2009, the orchestra visited Rotterdam in the Netherlands and performed in the Arminius Church.


title: Lyngbakr

abstract: Lyngbakr is the name of a massive whale-like sea monster reported in the Örvar-Odds saga to have existed in the Greenland Sea. According to the saga, Lyngbakr would bait seafarers by posing as a heather-covered island, and when a crew landed on his back, he sank into the sea, drowning the crew.

text:
# Lyngbakr

**Lyngbakr** (Icelandic, *lyngi* "heather" + *bak* "back") is the name of a massive whale-like sea monster reported in the *Örvar-Odds* saga to have existed in the Greenland Sea. According to the saga, Lyngbakr would bait seafarers by posing as a heather-covered island, and when a crew landed on his back, he sank into the sea, drowning the crew.

## Örvar-Odds saga

As Örvar-Oddr and his crew were sailing southwesterly through the Greenland Sea in vengeance against the troll Ögmundr Floki, slayer of Eythjof, the deck officer Vignir knew this area would be dangerous, and made Oddr agree to sail the ship beginning the next day, to which Oddr requested Vignir advise him. As they sailed, they spotted two rocks which rose out of the water. The presence of these rocks puzzled Oddr. Later, they passed by a large island covered in heather. Curious, Oddr made up his mind to turn back and send five men to check out the island, but as they approached where the island had been before, they saw that it and the two rocks vanished.

Vignir explained to Oddr that, had they landed sooner, the crew would have surely drowned. The "rocks" and "island" must have been two sea monsters—Lyngbakr, the greatest whale in the world, and *hafgufa*, who bore all the monsters in the sea. The rocks had surely been the nose of Hafgufa; the island, Lyngbakr; and Ögmundr had surely summoned the beasts to kill Oddr and his men.

Both the lyngbakur and hafgufa seem to have derived from a single creature called the *aspidochelone* in the *Physiologus*. The Icelandic Physiologus contains two illustrations of the aspidochelone, one with its back overgrown with vegetation and another with gaping jaws.

## InfoBox

Lyngbakr
| The lyngbakr may have been borrowed from the aspidochelone (shown above). | |
| --- | --- |
| Grouping | Legendary creature |
| Sub grouping | Whale-like sea monster |
| Folklore | Sagas of Iceland |
| Country | Greenland |
| Habitat | Greenland Sea |


title: Lyngby Kongevej

abstract: Secondary route 201 is a numbered road in North Zealand to the north of Copenhagen, Denmark, consisting of Lyngby Omfartsvej, a motorway bypass avoiding Lyngby Hovedgade, and Kongevejen which links Kongens Lyngby in the south with Hillerød in the north by way of Holte, Birkerød and Blovstrød. The road originates in a royal road which was built in 1587 between Copenhagen and Frederiksborg Castle, Frederick II's new North Zealand residence. The southern part of the road has now been replaced by Lyngbyvej and the southernmost portion of Helsingør Motorway.

text:
# Lyngby Kongevej

**Secondary route 201** (Danish: Sekundærrute 201) is a numbered road in North Zealand to the north of Copenhagen, Denmark, consisting of **Lyngby Omfartsvej**, a motorway bypass avoiding Lyngby Hovedgade (Lyngby Main Street), and **Kongevejen** which links Kongens Lyngby in the south with Hillerød in the north by way of Holte, Birkerød and Blovstrød. The road originates in a royal road which was built in 1587 between Copenhagen and Frederiksborg Castle, Frederick II's new North Zealand residence. The southern part of the road has now been replaced by Lyngbyvej and the southernmost portion of Helsingør Motorway (before 2005. Lyngby Motorway).

## Route

Lyngby Omfartsvej is the direct continuation of Lyngbyvej, diverging from Helsingør Motorway just south of Vintapper Sø and running west of central Kongens Lyngby. Kongevejen follows an almost straight line and is locally officially known as **Lyngby Kongevej** (Lyngby Royal Road) in Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality, **Birkerød Kongevej** (Birkerød Royal Road) in Rudersdal Municipality, **Kongevejen** (in Allerød Municipality and **Københavns Vej** (Copenhagen Road) in Hillerød Municipality.

## History

Lyngby Kongevej was the first of a number of royal roads created by Frederick II and his successor Christian IV. The royal roads were reserved for the king and his men, including the royal mail coaches and couriers. The roads were protected by locked boom gates. Unauthorized use of the roads was originally sanctioned with confiscation of horses, carriage and load and later with half a year of forced labour at Bremerholm or Spindehuset. Remains of the original road can still be seen in Rude Skov and Geels Skov.

The road was created in 1584 to provide an easy link between Copenhagen and Frederick's new Frederiksborg Castle, and it was later extended to reach Fredensborg and Helsingør. It began at Vibenhus and followed a straight line to Hillerød, through the marshy areas at present day Holte and the extensive royal forests south of Hillerød including Store Dyrehave which was enclosed with stone walls in 1619–28.

The road was opened to the public as a toll road in the 1767. This was done to finance an upgrade of the road by the French road engineer Jean Marmillod who was brought to Denmark by state secretary J. H. E. von Bernstorff to improve the road system in and around Copenhagen. The new road between Vibenhus and Fredensborg was completed in 1775.

The road stretch today known as Lyngby Hovedgade was partly built over with houses in the 1780s. Ny Holte Kro (New Holte Inn) at the foot of Geel's hill in present-day Holte also opened in the 1780s but apart from that the area along the northern part of Lyngby Kongevej saw little development but apart from the Kongevejen still passed through open countryside this far north. Even after the Nordbanen railway with stations at Holte and Birkerød in 1864, it lasted until the turn of the century before the area was built over with houses, some of which were replaced by apartment buildings in the 1930s.

Lyngby Kongevej remained a toll road until 1 June 1915. Lyngbyvej, the southern part of the original road, has been expanded several times to cope with increasing car traffic. The southern part of the Helsingør Motorway was called the Lyngby Motorway until 2005.

## Landmarks

A number of old milestones, representing different periods, can be seen along the road. The oldest date from Ole Rømer's time.

## InfoBox

| Secondary Route 201 | |
| --- | --- |
| *Sekundærrute 201* | |
| Route information | |
| Length | 24 km (15 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | Kongens Lyngby |
| North end | Hillerød |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Denmark |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |


title: Länk FC Vilaverdense (women)

abstract: Länk FC Vilaverdense is a Portuguese football club based in Vila Verde in the district of Braga. The team plays in Portugal's top-division league, Campeonato Nacional de Futebol Feminino. It's part of the Portuguese club Vilaverdense F.C., which also operates a men's team.

text:
# Länk FC Vilaverdense (women)

**Länk FC Vilaverdense** is a Portuguese football club based in Vila Verde in the district of Braga. The team plays in Portugal's top-division league, Campeonato Nacional de Futebol Feminino.

It's part of the Portuguese club Vilaverdense F.C., which also operates a men's team.

## Current squad

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  1 GK  BRA Letícia Rodrigues  4 MF  POR Ana Carolina Sá  6 DF  POR Cláudia Machado *(captain)*  7 MF  USA Selena Barnett  8 DF  ESP Laura Navajas  10 MF  POR Margarida Oliveira  12 DF  MEX Estefanía Fuentes  15 MF  BRA Joyce Silva  17 MF  POR Fáti Sousa | No. Pos. Nation Player  20 MF  POR Matilde Pereira  21 MF  POR Ema Cruz  25 FW  POR Eduarda Rodrigues  27 MF  POR Iara Ribeiro  42 FW  POR Maria Ribeiro  77 GK  POR Sofia Bernardo  80 FW  POR Francisca Veiga  87 DF  POR Constança Fernandes  97 MF  BRA Pâmela Dutra  99 FW  POR Mara Gonçalves |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

Lank FC Vilaverdense
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Lank FC Vilaverdense |
| Founded | 2008 (2008) |
| Ground | Estádio Municipal de Vila Verde<br>Vila Verde, Portugal |
| Capacity | 3000 |
| Chairman | Isidro Fernandes |
| Head Coach | Carlos Valadar |
| League | Campeonato Nacional de Futebol Feminino |
| 2023-24 | 11th |


title: Lutrochus laticeps

abstract: Lutrochus laticeps is a species of travertine beetle in the family Lutrochidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Lutrochus laticeps

***Lutrochus laticeps*** is a species of travertine beetle in the family Lutrochidae. It is found in North America.

## Further reading

* Lobl, I.; Smetana, A., eds. (2006). *Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 3: Scarabaeoidea - Scirtoidea - Dascilloidea - Buprestoidea - Byrrhoidea*. Apollo Books. ISBN 978-90-04-30914-2.

## InfoBox

| *Lutrochus laticeps* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Lutrochidae |
| Genus: | *Lutrochus* |
| Species: | ***L. laticeps*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lutrochus laticeps***<br>Casey, 1893 | |
|


title: Erin Pearl

abstract: Erin Pearl is an American former competitive figure skater. She won two bronze medals at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia and two junior medals at the U.S. Championships. In 1999, she competed at the inaugural Four Continents Championships, finishing 4th. Pearl was coached by Richard Callaghan, Mitch Moyer, and Debra Coppinger in Rochester Hills, Michigan. In 2000, she retired from competition due to an injury.

text:
# Erin Pearl

**Erin Pearl** (born May 3, 1982 in Scarborough, Maine) is an American former competitive figure skater. She won two bronze medals at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia (1997, 1998) and two junior medals at the U.S. Championships (silver in 1997, bronze in 1998). In 1999, she competed at the inaugural Four Continents Championships, finishing 4th.

Pearl was coached by Richard Callaghan, Mitch Moyer, and Debra Coppinger in Rochester Hills, Michigan. In 2000, she retired from competition due to an injury.

## Results

*JGP: ISU Junior Series / ISU Junior Grand Prix*

| International | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Event | 1995–96 | 1996–97 | 1997–98 | 1998–99 |
| Four Continents Champ. |  |  |  | 4th |
| JGP Germany |  |  |  | 6th |
| JGP Slovakia |  |  | 3rd | 3rd |
| PFSA Trophy |  |  | 2nd J |  |
| National | | | | |
| U.S. Championships | 8th N | 2nd J | 3rd J | 5th |
| Levels: N = Novice; J = Junior | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Erin Pearl | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1982-05-03) May 3, 1982 |
| Figure skating career | |
| Country | United States |
| Retired | 2000 |


title: Lynn Lake (Eldon Lake) Water Aerodrome

abstract: Lynn Lake Water Aerodrome is located 3 nautical miles south southeast of Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada.

text:
# Lynn Lake (Eldon Lake) Water Aerodrome

**Lynn Lake (Eldon Lake) Water Aerodrome** (TC LID: **CKD3**) is located 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) south southeast of Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada.

## InfoBox

| Lynn Lake (Eldon Lake) Water Aerodrome | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Operator | Transwest Air |
| Location | Lynn Lake, Manitoba |
| Time zone | CST (UTC−06:00) |
| Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC−05:00) |
| Elevation AMSL | 1,100 ft / 335 m |
| Coordinates | 56°49′02″N 101°01′07″W / 56.81722°N 101.01861°W / 56.81722; -101.01861 |
| Map | |
| CKD3Location in ManitobaCKD3CKD3 (Canada) | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  n/a n/a n/a Water | |
| Source: Water Aerodrome Supplement | |


title: Lycodes terraenovae

abstract: Lycodes terraenovae, also called the Newfoundland eelpout, Atlantic eelpout or fish doctor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Zoarcidae, the eelpouts. It is found in deep waters of the Atlantic Ocean.

text:
# Lycodes terraenovae

***Lycodes terraenovae***, also called the **Newfoundland eelpout**, **Atlantic eelpout** or **fish doctor**, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Zoarcidae, the eelpouts. It is found in deep waters of the Atlantic Ocean.

## Taxonomy

*Lycodes terraenovae* was first formally described in 1896 by the Norwegian zoologist Robert Collett with the type locality given as the Newfoundland Banks in the northwestern Atlantic. Within the genus *Lycodes* this species is classified within the nominate subgenus, *Lycodes*. The specific name refers to Newfoundland, referring to the type locality of the Newfoundland Banks.

## Description

*Lycodes terraenovae* is maximum 45.2 cm (17.8 in) long and dark brown-purple in colour. It has a double lateral line. The body is scaled, the pores on the head are unreduced and the tail is long.

## Distribution and habitat

*Lycodes terraenovae* is found in the Atlantic Ocean where it has been recorded from the Davis Strait, off Newfoundland and Middle Atlantic Bight in the Western North Atlantic and in the Eastern Atlantic from the Rockall Trough and Bill Bailey Bank, south to the waters off Mauritania and southwestern Africa. It is found at depths between 630 and 2,604 m (2,067 and 8,543 ft) and it is a bathydemersal species.

## Biology

*Lycodes terraenovae* eats sponge remains, polychaetes, shelled molluscs, crustaceans, brittle stars and pycnogonids. These fishes attain sexual maturity as they approach their maximum size and the females lay a small number of large eggs, these are probably deposited in shallow depressions in mud.

*Clavella pinguis* is a copepod parasite of *Lycodes terraenovae*.

## InfoBox

| *Lycodes terraenovae* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Scorpaeniformes |
| Family: | Zoarcidae |
| Genus: | *Lycodes* |
| Species: | ***L. terraenovae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lycodes terraenovae***
(Collett, 1896) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
|  | |