title: Oberhaslach

abstract: Oberhaslach is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

text:
# Oberhaslach

**Oberhaslach** is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 1,022 |  |
| 1975 | 1,108 | +1.16% |
| 1982 | 1,145 | +0.47% |
| 1990 | 1,333 | +1.92% |
| 1999 | 1,505 | +1.36% |
| 2007 | 1,773 | +2.07% |
| 2012 | 1,773 | +0.00% |
| 2017 | 1,780 | +0.08% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## InfoBox

| Oberhaslach | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The Nideck waterfall in Oberhaslach | |
|  | |
| Location of Oberhaslach | |
| OberhaslachOberhaslach | |
| Coordinates: 48°33′N 7°20′E / 48.55°N 7.33°E / 48.55; 7.33 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Bas-Rhin |
| Arrondissement | Molsheim |
| Canton | Mutzig |
| Intercommunality | Région de Molsheim-Mutzig |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Jean Biehler |
| Area**1** | 25.22 km2 (9.74 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 1,753 |
| Density | 70/km2 (180/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 67342 /67280 |
| Elevation | 254–964 m (833–3,163 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Oberrieden

abstract: Oberrieden is a municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is one of the towns along the south shore of Lake Zurich.

text:
# Oberrieden

**Oberrieden** is a municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is one of the towns along the south shore of Lake Zurich.

## History

Oberrieden is first mentioned between 1133 and 1167 as *Obrendrieden*.

## Geography

Oberrieden has an area of 2.8 km2 (1.1 sq mi). Of this area, 15.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 42.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 40.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (1.4%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). In 1996 housing and buildings made up 27.2% of the total area, while transportation infrastructure made up the rest (13.8%). Of the total unproductive area, water (streams and lakes) made up 0.7% of the area. As of 2007 42.1% of the total municipal area was undergoing some type of construction.

The municipality is located on the left side of Zurich Lake. It stretches from the Sihl to Zurich Lake.

## Demographics

Oberrieden has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 5,122. As of 2007, 15.4% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. As of 2008 the gender distribution of the population was 47.5% male and 52.5% female. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 11.6%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (89.8%), with English being second most common ( 2.5%) and Italian being third ( 2.0%).

In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 31.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (20%), the SPS (16.4%) and the CSP (11.7%).

The age distribution of the population (as of 2000) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 20.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 62.4% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.5%. In Oberrieden about 88% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a *Fachhochschule*). There are 2133 households in Oberrieden.

Oberrieden has an unemployment rate of 2%. As of 2005, there were 50 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 69 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 19 businesses in this sector. 569 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 138 businesses in this sector. As of 2007 69.2% of the working population were employed full-time, and 30.8% were employed part-time.

As of 2008 there were 1460 Catholics and 2135 Protestants in Oberrieden. In the 2000 census, religion was broken down into several smaller categories. From the census, 50.2% were some type of Protestant, with 47.7% belonging to the Swiss Reformed Church and 2.6% belonging to other Protestant churches. 28.9% of the population were Catholic. Of the rest of the population, 0% were Muslim, 3% belonged to another religion (not listed), 3.2% did not give a religion, and 14.3% were atheist or agnostic.

The historical population is given in the following table:

| year | population |
| --- | --- |
| 1634 | 246 |
| 1750 | 690 |
| 1850 | 832 |
| 1900 | 1,224 |
| 1950 | 1,987 |
| 2000 | 4,583 |
| 2010 | 4,936 |
| 2020 | 5,118 |

## Transportation

Oberrieden is served by two railway stations on the Zurich S-Bahn that are on different lines but only some 400 metres (1,300 ft) apart. Oberrieden is on line S8, whilst Oberrieden Dorf is on line S24.

The Zimmerberg bus line (*Zimmerbergbus*), provided by the Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn (SZU), connects the Zimmerberg region and parts of the Sihl valley.

In the summer there are regular boats to Zurich as well as along the lake to Rapperswil, run by the Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft.

## InfoBox

| Oberrieden | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Oberrieden seen from its ferry pier | |
|  | |
| Location of Oberrieden | |
| OberriedenOberrieden | |
| Coordinates: 47°17′N 8°35′E / 47.283°N 8.583°E / 47.283; 8.583 | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Zurich |
| District | Horgen |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.76 km2 (1.07 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 460 m (1,510 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2018) | |
| Total | 5,083 |
| Density | 1,800/km2 (4,800/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 8942 |
| SFOS number | 0137 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-ZH |
| Surrounded by | Herrliberg, Horgen, Meilen, Thalwil |
| Website | www.oberrieden.ch
SFSO statistics |


title: OR4F4

abstract: Olfactory receptor 4F4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR4F4 gene. Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.

text:
# OR4F4

**Olfactory receptor 4F4** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *OR4F4* gene.

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.

## Further reading

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| OR4F4 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | OR4F4, OLA-7501, OR4F18, olfactory receptor family 4 subfamily F member 4 | | |
| External IDs | MGI: 3031123; HomoloGene: 128250; GeneCards: OR4F4; OMA:OR4F4 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_001004195   NM\_146404   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001004195   NP\_666516   Location (UCSC) Chr 15: 101.92 – 101.92 Mb Chr 2: 111.31 – 111.31 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: IEEE Robotics and Automation Society

abstract: The IEEE Robotics and Automation Society is a professional society of the IEEE that supports the development and the exchange of scientific knowledge in the fields of robotics and automation, including applied and theoretical issues.

text:
# IEEE Robotics and Automation Society

**The IEEE Robotics and Automation Society** (**IEEE RAS**) is a professional society of the IEEE that supports the development and the exchange of scientific knowledge in the fields of robotics and automation, including applied and theoretical issues.

## History

The initial IEEE Robotics and Automation (R&A) entity, the Robotics and Automation Council, was founded in 1984 by a number of IEEE Societies including Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Circuits and Systems, Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology, Computers, Control Systems, Industrial Electronics, Industry Applications, and Systems, Man and Cybernetics. In 1987 the council became the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society.

## Field of interest

The Society states in its constitution that it "is interested in both applied and theoretical issues in robotics and automation. Robotics is here defined to include intelligent machines and systems used, for example, in space exploration, human services, or manufacturing; whereas automation includes the use of automated methods in various applications, for example, factory, office, home, or transportation systems to improve performance and productivity."

## Publications

The society publishes a range of peer-reviewed journals, including

* IEEE Transactions on Robotics
* IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering
* IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine
* IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters

Co-sponsored publications include:

## Conferences

The IEEE Robotics and Automation Society sponsors and co-sponsors a number of annual international conferences such as the International Conference on Robotics and Automation, the International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering and International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.


# IEEE Sensors Council Meritorious Service Award

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Sensors Council John Vig Meritorious Service Award recognizes outstanding long-term service with dedication, effort and contribution to the IEEE Sensor Council.

## Recipients

* 2023: Andrei M. Shkel
* 2020: Srinivas Tadigadapa
* 2019
* 2018: Yu-Cheng Lin
* 2017: Anil K. Roy
* 2016: {Award not given}
* 2015: Vladimir J. Lumelsky
* 2014: Ignacio R. Matias
* 2013: Christina M. Schober
* 2012: Lina Sarro
* 2011: Tom Wiener
* 2010: Michiel Vellekoop
* 2009: None
* 2008: Bob Bannon
* 2007: John Vig

## InfoBox

| IEEE Sensors Council John Vig Meritorious Service Award | |
| --- | --- |
| Awarded for | Outstanding long-term service to IEEE Sensor Council. |
| Presented by | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| First awarded | 2007 |
| Website | IEEE Sensors Awards |


title: Oberwiesen

abstract: Oberwiesen is a municipality in the Donnersbergkreis district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

text:
# Oberwiesen

**Oberwiesen** is a municipality in the Donnersbergkreis district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## InfoBox

| Oberwiesen | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location of Oberwiesen within Donnersbergkreis district | |
| Oberwiesen Oberwiesen | |
| Coordinates: 49°41′54.39″N 7°57′38.55″E / 49.6984417°N 7.9607083°E / 49.6984417; 7.9607083 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Rhineland-Palatinate |
| District | Donnersbergkreis |
| Municipal assoc. | Kirchheimbolanden |
| Government | |
| Mayor (201924) | Heike Renz |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.61 km2 (0.62 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 250 m (820 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 554 |
| Density | 340/km2 (890/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 67294 |
| Dialling codes | 06358 |
| Vehicle registration | KIB |


title: I Don't Care (Angela Via song)

abstract: "I Don't Care" is a pop song by American singer and actress Angela Via, written by David Frank, Steve Kipner and Pamela Sheyne. It was produced by Frank and Kipner for Via's self-titled debut album. The single was released in the United States on September 19, charting on the Billboard Hot Singles Sales chart. "I Don't Care" was aimed at fans of Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, and 'N Sync.

text:
# I Don't Care (Angela Via song)

"**I Don't Care**" is a pop song by American singer and actress Angela Via, written by David Frank, Steve Kipner and Pamela Sheyne. It was produced by Frank and Kipner for Via's self-titled debut album (June 2000). The single was released in the United States on September 19, charting on the *Billboard* Hot Singles Sales chart.

"I Don't Care" was aimed at fans of Britney Spears (after the success of her single "...Baby One More Time"), Christina Aguilera (her hit "Genie in a Bottle" was co-written by Frank, Kipner and Sheyne), and 'N Sync.

## Track listing

CD single 1. "I Don't Care"
2. "A Good Time"
3. "Picture Perfect" (music video)

Maxi-single 1. "I Don't Care"
2. The Stickmix
3. Soul Solution Uptempo Radio Mix
4. Soul Solution Mix Show Edit
5. Soul Solution Extended Club Mix
6. 912 Dub
7. Soul Solution Bonus Beats
8. "Picture Perfect" (video)

## Charts

| Chart (2000) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| U.S. *Billboard* Hot Singles Sales | 74 |

## Delta Goodrem version

| "I Don't Care" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Delta Goodrem | |
| B-side | "Here I Am" |
| Released | November 12, 2001 (2001-11-12) (Australia) |
| Recorded | 2001 |
| Genre | Teen pop |
| Length | 3:39 |
| Label | Epic |
| Songwriter(s) | * David Frank * Steve Kipner * Pamela Sheyne |
| Producer(s) | Vince Pizzinga |
| Delta Goodrem singles chronology | |
| "**I Don't Care**"
(2001) "Born to Try"
(2002) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "I Don't Care" on YouTube | |
|  | |

Delta Goodrem released a cover version of "I Don't Care" as her debut single on November 12, 2001. It appeared on the ARIA Singles Chart, but was not included on her debut album, *Innocent Eyes* (March 2003). *The Sydney Morning Herald*'s Guy Blackman described the track as "an anonymous slice of Britney-esque 'tween-pop'". Goodrem had been "discovered and nurtured" by Glenn Wheatley, and signed with Sony Music Australia. The track was recorded with Vince Pizzinga (Danielle Spencer) producing.

In August 2007 Goodrem explained to Andrew Denton on his show *Enough Rope with Andrew Denton* that the Britney image was foisted on her "when you start with a record company you don't really know what the whole process is. You don't know how the whole military operation before a song even gets to the radio and for people to even get to hear it". Despite seldom mentioned as Goodrem's debut single, it did feature during her 2005 Visualise Tour. It was also featured in the "Edge of Seventeen" medley, which was included as a B-side to her single "I Can't Break It to My Heart".

### Music video

Goodrem's video for this song followed a simple theme. It showed an angsty Goodrem escaping from her parents' house to be with her rebellious boyfriend. The boyfriend takes Goodrem on a motorcycle ride into the forest, where he blindfolds her. When Goodrem takes her blindfold off, she is surrounded by a tree full of ribbons, a special surprise that was created by the boyfriend. The video is also intercut with scenes of Goodrem dancing in a Christmas-light-filled backdrop, and a scene where Goodrem is dancing in a wheat field.

### Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I Don't Care" | David Frank, Steve Kipner | 3:44 |
| 2. | "I Don't Care" (The Down & Low on Not Caring) | Frank, Kipner | 3:57 |
| 3. | "I Don't Care" (Hype Music Remix) | Frank, Kipner | 3:33 |
| 4. | "Here I Am" |  | 3:59 |
| Total length: | | | 15:12 |

### Chart performance

| Chart (2001) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australian Singles Chart | 64 |

## InfoBox

| "I Don't Care" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Angela Via | |
| from the album  *Angela Via* | |
| Released | September 19, 2000 (2000-09-19) (United States) |
| Recorded | 2000 |
| Genre | Teen pop |
| Length | 3:41 |
| Label | Atlantic |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * David Frank * Steve Kipner |
| Angela Via singles chronology | |
| "Picture Perfect"
(2000) "**I Don't Care**"
(2000) "Speakin' Spanish"
(2006) | |


title: Obsidian (novel)

abstract: Obsidian is the fifth novel in Thomas King's DreadfulWater mysteries. The novel, published in early 2020, is his fifth novel about an investigator named Thumps DreadfulWater. The Vancouver Sun listed it with 29 other bestselling books. In his review published in the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Richard Marcus wrote:

text:
# Obsidian (novel)

***Obsidian*** (also entitled ***The Obsidian Murders***) is the fifth novel in Thomas King's DreadfulWater mysteries. The novel, published in early 2020, is his fifth novel about an investigator named Thumps DreadfulWater.

The *Vancouver Sun* listed it with 29 other bestselling books.

In his review published in the *Seattle Post-Intelligencer*, Richard Marcus wrote:

## Plot

As DreadfulWater investigates the murder of a Reality TV producer he begins to suspect he is investigating a murderer who killed his girlfriend, years ago.

## InfoBox

Obsidian
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Thomas King |
| Series | DreadfulWater |
| Genre | Mystery |
| Publisher | HarperCollins Canada |
| Publication date | 2020 |
| Media type | Print, Online |
| Pages | 384 |
| ISBN | 9781443457088 |
| Preceded by | *A Matter of Malice* |


title: O Condado

abstract: O Condado is a comarca in the Galician Province of Pontevedra, centred on the town of Ponteareas. It covers an area of 341 km⁲, and the overall population of this comarca was 42,642 at the 2011 Census; the latest official estimate at the start of 2018 was 41,551.

text:
# O Condado

**O Condado** is a *comarca* in the Galician Province of Pontevedra, centred on the town of Ponteareas. It covers an area of 341 km2, and the overall population of this comarca was 42,642 at the 2011 Census; the latest official estimate at the start of 2018 was 41,551.

## Municipalities

The comarca comprises the following five municipalities:

| Name of
municipality | Population
(2001) | Population
(2011) | Population
(2018) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| As Neves | 4,478 | 4,280 | 3,892 |
| Mondariz | 5,185 | 4,847 | 4,496 |
| Mondariz-Balneario | 693 | 678 | 618 |
| Ponteareas | 19,011 | 23,295 | 22,854 |
| Salvaterra de Miño | 8,073 | 9,542 | 9,691 |
| ***Totals*** | *37,440* | *42,642* | *41,551* |

42°09′40″N 8°28′07″W / 42.16111°N 8.46861°W / 42.16111; -8.46861

## InfoBox

| O Condado | |
| --- | --- |
| Comarca | |
|  | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Galicia |
| Province | Pontevedra |
| Capital | Ponteareas |
| Municipalities | List |
| Area | |
| Total | 341 km2 (132 sq mi) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 41,551 |
| Density | 120/km2 (320/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


abstract: The Office of the Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary of State is the principal office within the United States Department of State for independent science and technology advising. STAS was created in 2000 by Secretary of State Madeleine Albright in response to a 1999 study by the National Academy of Sciences which called for the establishment of an independent science adviser. STAS focuses on anticipating the impact of emerging science, technology, and innovation issues on foreign policy, building the State Department's capacity to engage with emerging science, technology, and innovation issues, and engaging with the science, technology, and innovation community to achieve Department goals. STAS is typically led by the Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary. Following a recommendation in a 2015 study by the National Academy of Sciences, the Adviser position was given the rank of Assistant Secretary. To date there have been seven advisers: Norman P. Neureiter, George Atkinson, Nina Fedoroff, William Colglazier, Vaughan Turekian and Mung Chiang. Matt Chessen was the acting Adviser from 2018 to 2019 and again briefly from 2020 to 2021. In February 2021, Allison Schwier was appointed the acting Adviser. Patricia Gruber is currently the sitting Science and Technology Advisor, appointed September 2023. STAS operates the State Department's science and technology fellowship programs, including the AAAS S&T Fellowships Program, the Jefferson Science Fellows Program, and professional science and engineering fellowships with the American Institute of Physics, Georgetown Center for Security and Emerging Technologies, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Under Vaughan Turekian, STAS helped found the Foreign Ministers Science and Technology Advisers Network, an international network of S&T advisers to foreign ministers and heads of State.

text:
# Office of the Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary of State

The **Office of the Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary of State** (sometimes referred to as STAS) is the principal office within the United States Department of State for independent science and technology advising. STAS was created in 2000 by Secretary of State Madeleine Albright in response to a 1999 study by the National Academy of Sciences which called for the establishment of an independent science adviser. STAS focuses on anticipating the impact of emerging science, technology, and innovation issues on foreign policy, building the State Department's capacity to engage with emerging science, technology, and innovation issues, and engaging with the science, technology, and innovation community to achieve Department goals.

STAS is typically led by the Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary. Following a recommendation in a 2015 study by the National Academy of Sciences, the Adviser position was given the rank of Assistant Secretary. To date there have been seven advisers: Norman P. Neureiter, George Atkinson, Nina Fedoroff, William Colglazier, Vaughan Turekian and Mung Chiang. Matt Chessen was the acting Adviser from 2018 to 2019 and again briefly from 2020 to 2021. In February 2021, Allison Schwier was appointed the acting Adviser. Patricia Gruber is currently the sitting Science and Technology Advisor, appointed September 2023.

STAS operates the State Department's science and technology fellowship programs, including the AAAS S&T Fellowships Program, the Jefferson Science Fellows Program, and professional science and engineering fellowships with the American Institute of Physics, Georgetown Center for Security and Emerging Technologies, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Under Vaughan Turekian, STAS helped found the Foreign Ministers Science and Technology Advisers Network, an international network of S&T advisers to foreign ministers and heads of State.

| # | Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary of State |
| --- | --- |
| 1 | Norman P. Neureiter |
| 2 | George Atkinson |
| 3 | Nina Fedoroff |
| 4 | William Colglazier |
| 5 | Vaughan Turekian |
| 6 | Mung Chiang |
| - | Matt Chessen (Acting) |
| - | Allison Schwier (Acting) |
| 7 | Patricia Gruber |


title: Obesity in pets

abstract: Obesity in pets occurs when excessive adipose tissue accumulates in the body, and is generally defined as occurring when an animal's body weight is at least 20% greater than its optimal body weight. Obesity is associated with metabolic and hormonal changes, and can predispose pets to illnesses like orthopedic disease, diabetes, and cancer.

text:
# Obesity in pets

**Obesity in pets** occurs when excessive adipose tissue accumulates in the body, and is generally defined as occurring when an animal's body weight is at least 20% greater than its optimal body weight. Obesity is associated with metabolic and hormonal changes, and can predispose pets to illnesses like orthopedic disease, diabetes, and cancer.

## Diagnosis

For dogs and cats, a 9 point body condition score (BCS) system is used to identify whether they are above their ideal weight status. Scores 1-3 indicate 'too thin', 4 and 5 are 'ideal', 6 is 'above ideal', 7 is 'overweight' and 8 and 9 are 'obese'. There are numerous versions of the BCS chart available for use including 5-point and 7-point versions, however, the 9-point chart is the only version where the scores correlate with true body fat percentage measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans.

Assigning a body condition score to a pet involves visual assessment and palpation of the animal to assess fat padding. An ideally conditioned dog should have a tapered waist when viewed from above and a clear abdominal tuck when viewed from the side. Ribs should not be visible, but ribs should be easily palpated with only a very thin layer of fat cover. Ideally conditioned cats will have a waist that can be observed behind their ribs, a slight fat pad over their ribs, and a minimal abdominal fat pad with no abdominal tuck.

These BCS methods are the most commonly used ways of diagnosing obesity in practice. Whilst they are not as accurate as performing DEXA scans that measure true body fat percentage, Body Condition Scoring is quick, non-invasive and requires no specialist equipment, just the scoring charts and a clinician. Similar systems exist for livestock. For horses there is the Henneke horse body condition scoring system.

Using weight alone is not a reliable tool for diagnosing obesity as individuals within a species and breed can vary significantly in their size. Weighing is still useful for monitoring changes and a gain in weight may be an indication of excess weight and should prompt assessing BCS. For dogs under a year there are Puppy Growth Charts where weights can be monitored in relation to an average growth curve, this again helps to monitor whether weight is increasing more than expected and deviating from the average growth curve should prompt assessing BCS.

## Causes

Weight gain will occur when an animal is in a positive energy balance, meaning energy provided as calories in the diet exceed calories expended. Evidence suggests that middle-aged cats and dogs, especially those between the ages of 5 and 10, may be at an increased risk of obesity. This is supported by studies showing that as cats age from 2 years to approximately 11.5 years of age their energy requirements decrease. Weight gain will occur if calories from the diet do not decrease with the animal's energy requirements.

Obesity in pets is usually due to excessive food intake or lack of physical exercise. Owners may view food as a way to reward and treat their pets, which contributes to overfeeding. Pets confined to a house or small yard which are not regularly exercised are more prone to obesity.

The risk of obesity in dogs (but not in cats) can be related to whether or not their owners are obese. The main factor seems to be obese owners not walking their dogs as much.

In cats, neutering increases the risk of obesity, partly because the alteration in sex hormones after neutering lowers the basal metabolic rate, and partly because neutered cats have a reduced inclination to roam compared to non-neutered cats.

## Management

Weight management has two steps: weight loss and weight maintenance. In the weight loss phase, energy intake from food must be less than the energy expended each day. Achieving weight loss in cats and dogs is challenging, and failure to lose weight is common. If the animals themselves cannot control their own calorie intake, it is recommended that pet owners control the food amount given. Guidelines exist on energy allowances for animals of a given body weight.

Medical treatments have been developed to assist dogs in losing weight. Dirlotapide (brand name Slentrol) and mitratapide (brand name Yarvitan) were authorized for use in the EU by the European Medicines Agency for helping weight loss in dogs, by reducing appetite and food intake, but both of these drugs have been withdrawn from the market in the EU. The US Food and Drug Administration approved dirlotapide in 2007. Up to 20% of dogs treated with either dirlotapide or mitratapide experience vomiting and diarrhea; less commonly, loss of appetite may occur. When these drugs are stopped, the dog's appetite returns to previous levels. If other weight-loss strategies are not employed, the dog will again gain weight.

## Outcomes

Compared to non-obese animals, obese dogs and cats have a higher incidence of osteoarthritis (joint disease) and diabetes mellitus, which also occur earlier in the life of the animal. Obese animals are also at increased risk of complications following anesthesia or surgery.

Obese dogs are more likely to develop urinary incontinence, may have difficulty breathing, and overall have a poorer quality of life compared to non-obese dogs, as well as having a lower life expectancy. Obese cats have an increased risk of diseases affecting the mouth and urinary tract. Obese cats which have difficulty grooming themselves are predisposed to dry, flaky skin and feline acne.

## Epidemiology

In the United States, the prevalence of obese or overweight adult dogs is 23–53%, of which about 5% are obese; the incidence in adult cats is 55%, of which about 8% are obese.

In Australia, obesity is the most common nutritional disease of pets; the prevalence of obesity in dogs in Australia is approximately 40%.

## Society and culture

Pet owners in the UK have been prosecuted for cruelty to animals due to their pets being dangerously obese.

In the US, National Pet Obesity Awareness Day, is on the 14th of October.


title: Odsúdené

abstract: Odsúdené is a Slovak-Czech drama television series which aired between 2009 and 2010 on the Slovak station TV JOJ and the Czech station TV Barrandov. It ran for three seasons, with a total of 86 episodes. Each episode was approximately 50 minutes long.

text:
# Odsúdené

***Odsúdené*** (The Sentenced) is a Slovak-Czech drama television series which aired between 2009 and 2010 on the Slovak station TV JOJ and the Czech station TV Barrandov. It ran for three seasons, with a total of 86 episodes. Each episode was approximately 50 minutes long.

## Background

The show, co-produced by TV JOJ and TV Barrandov, premiered on 1 September 2009 and ended on 16 December 2010.

## Synopsis

The show is set in a women's prison. The main character is Eva Kollárová (Zuzana Maurery), who, fleeing her husband, kills another driver while under the influence of alcohol, and almost causes the death of her own son, who ends up in a coma. She is sentenced to three years in a medium-security prison. Eva adapts to her new environment while trying not to lose her dignity.

**First season**

The first season reveals that the person Eva killed in the accident was actually hired by her husband to kill her in order to receive a life insurance settlement. Eva's lawyer tries to obtain a retrial for her. Meanwhile, Eva is accused and eventually convicted of killing a fellow inmate, who died of a drug overdose. This increases the length of her overall sentence.

**Second season**

In the second season, Eva gradually adapts to her new living condition. The inmate who caused the drug overdose she was previously convicted of comes clean, Eva is exonerated, and gets a chance at parole. She is allowed a one-day release from prison and becomes pregnant with her lawyer, with whom she has become close.

**Third season**

Eva's pregnancy is the major theme of the third and last season of *Odsúdené*. She tries to keep her condition a secret for as long as possible. However, during a fight in the showers, the truth is revealed and an investigation begins to reveal the child's father, as the prison guards fall under suspicion. Eva tries to protect her lawyer, who is at risk of losing his bar license. The prison warden eventually finds out the truth, however, and Eva's lawyer is disbarred. Eva gives birth to a healthy daughter and her sentence is suspended for twelve months. Her probation officer eventually proposes a complete pardon, which is granted in the end.

## Cast and characters

## InfoBox

| *Odsúdené* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Drama |
| Written by | Zdeněk Zapletal |
| Directed by | Peter Bebjak |
| Starring | Zuzana Mauréry
Hana Vagnerová
Vica Kerekes
Elena Podzámska
Anna Javorková
Pavel Kříž
Pavol Višňovský |
| Opening theme | "Welcome to Heartbreak" |
| Country of origin | Czech Republic
Slovakia |
| Original languages | Czech
Slovak |
| No. of seasons | 3 |
| No. of episodes | 86 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 50 mins |
| Production companies | TV JOJ
TV Barrandov |
| Original release | |
| Release | 1 September 2009 (2009-09-01)
16 December 2010 (2010-12-16) |


title: I Am Canada

abstract: I Am Canada is a series of Canadian historical novels marketed at older boys, with the first book being published in September 2010. The series is written by a variety of Canadian authors and is published by Scholastic Canada Ltd. The books are a mixture of fact and fiction, including actual maps, documents and photographs alongside first-person narratives. The stories are set all over the world, showing the involvement of Canadians in world events as well as the history of Canada.

text:
# I Am Canada

***I Am Canada*** is a series of Canadian historical novels marketed at older boys, with the first book being published in September 2010. The series is written by a variety of Canadian authors and is published by Scholastic Canada Ltd.

The books are a mixture of fact and fiction, including actual maps, documents and photographs alongside first-person narratives. The stories are set all over the world, showing the involvement of Canadians in world events as well as the history of Canada.

## Books

## Awards and honours

Awards for *I am Canada* books
| Year | Title | Award | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | *Behind Enemy Lines* | Forest of Reading Golden Oak Award | Finalist |  |
| 2012 | *Shot at Dawn* | Geoffrey Bilson Award | Finalist |  |
| 2013 | *A Call to Battle* | Geoffrey Bilson Award | Finalist |  |


title: I Will (Zhang Liyin album)

abstract: "星愿" is the debut studio album by Chinese singer Zhang Liyin, better known among English-speakers as simply "I WILL". It was released in various regions of China on March 3, 2008, and released in South Korea on March 12, 2008, which included two bonus Korean tracks. The Asian Special Edition (CD+DVD) of the album was released on March 28, 2008 in Taiwan. Two music videos of the same storyline were released on February 27, 2008 to complement the album release.

text:
# I Will (Zhang Liyin album)

***"星愿 (I Will)"*** is the debut studio album by Chinese singer Zhang Liyin, better known among English-speakers as simply ***"I WILL"***. It was released in various regions of China on March 3, 2008, and released in South Korea on March 12, 2008, which included two bonus Korean tracks. The Asian Special Edition (CD+DVD) of the album was released on March 28, 2008 in Taiwan. Two music videos of the same storyline were released on February 27, 2008 to complement the album release.

## Overview

After a two-year hiatus since Zhang's debut single, "Timeless" in 2006, S.M. Entertainment released a Chinese album for Zhang rather than a Korean album, even though her first single was released in Korean. Originally thought to be released in 2007, SM Entertainment pushed back the production of the album because of Zhang's studies. In January 2008, Zhang announced that the expected release for her new album is in February, but due to album packaging conflicts, the album release was again pushed to an early March 2008 release date. An album showcase was held on February 27, 2008 in Beijing.

Following her first two singles of the album, "Timeless" and "Y (Why...)", most of the songs on the album were ballads. The album contained three duets: The Chinese version of her first single, "Timeless", featuring Xiah of TVXQ; "交错的爱", featuring Jonghyun, her company junior before he was included in SHINee; and "纯真的爱", a R&B ballad featuring Song Bingyang, her childhood friend.

Besides ballads, the album also contained three upbeat songs. "A Flame For You" is the theme song for CCTV's drama *Ding Jia You Nu Xi Yang Yang* which happens to star Zhang's company senior, Kangta. Composed by well-known SM Entertainment composer, Yoo Young Jin, and with lyrics co-written by Zhang Li Yin, "One More Try" is a R&B dance song dedicated to the 2008 Beijing Olympics. "後" is a song with hard beats that most closely depicts Zhang Li Yin's preferred R&B style.

## Chart performance

*I Will* received notable success in China. In mid-July, it was reported that it had sold over 268,000 in the first half of 2008. In Korea, the album debuted with moderate success at #22 on Korea's MIAK Monthly Album Chart of March, selling over 2,000 copies in Korea that month, despite a lack of promotion. The album's first single, "I Will" debuted as #16 on Guangzhou Music Charts and moved up ten spots to #6 after two weeks of release. The second single, "The Left Shore of Happiness" moved up ten spots to #7. The same single peaked at #1 on Korea's Melon Music Chart for two full weeks.

However, the single did not receive national success until one month after its original release. During the second week of April 2008, "I Will" peaked at #1 on China's Largest Online Music Ranking (中國某大型網站音樂排行榜) - a ranking that considers weekly chart statistics from Guangdong Radio, Shandong Radio, Hunan Radio and 30 other domestic radio rankings, along with Internet voting and album sales. After Zhang's performance of "I Will" at the Mengniu Music Chart Awards, the song went up seven places. While in Taiwan, the record received equally good results; peaking in a mid-top 10 position on Five Music and G-Music rankings.

## Music videos

Zhang released two music videos with a single storyline. The music videos feature the same cast from Zhang's "Timeless" music video, Super Junior members Han Geng and Siwon, and Lee Yeonhee. The first music video, "I Will", introduces the story of three childhood friends that are trained together in Beijing opera. The music video of "I Will" ends with a cliff hanger, which the story continues and ends in the second music video, "幸福的左岸." The Asia Special Edition of the album also contained two "Timeless" music videos from her first single, but instead of the single's Korean version in the video, Zhang and Xiah Junsu are heard singing its Chinese version.

## Track listing

### Chinese Version

CD
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Intro (初恋)" (feat. Han Geng (*Intro (First Love)*)) | Han Geng | Yoo Young-jin |  | 0:43 |
| 2. | "初恋" (*First Love*) | Seemingly Blue | Ding Doudou, Yoo Young-jin |  | 4:11 |
| 3. | "A Flame for You" | Luciar | Dane Anthony de Viller, Sean Syed Hosein, Russell Consein |  | 3:22 |
| 4. | "星愿 (I Will)" (*Star Wish*) | Li Zhengxiang | Kim Sung-su, Yoo Young-jin, Yoo Han-jin | Star Wish (I Will) | 4:40 |
| 5. | "幸福的左岸" (*The Left Shore of Happiness*) | Seemingly Blue | Ding Doudou, Hong Suk |  | 4:47 |
| 6. | "后" (*After*) | Luciar | Lee Jae Myung |  | 3:22 |
| 7. | "交错的爱" (feat. Kim Jonghyun (*Wrongly Given Love*)) | Qi Cheng | Jo Yong-hoon |  | 4:46 |
| 8. | "相信爱" (*Believe in Love*) | Luciar | Jennifer Hamady, Shedric Mitchell, Cho Yong-hun |  | 4:00 |
| 9. | "纯真的爱" (feat. Song Bingyang (*Perfect Love*)) | Li Zhengxiang | Droxx (Xperimental Music Korea), Lee Jae-Myung |  | 4:16 |
| 10. | "One More Try" | Li Zhengxiang, Zhang Liyin | Yoo Young-jin |  | 4:08 |
| 11. | "Y (Why...)" | Rui Ye | Brandon Fraley, Javier Solis |  | 4:03 |
| 12. | "Timeless" (feat. Xiah) | Rui Ye | Anders Bagge, Karen Poole, Peer Åström, Henrik Norberg, Oscar Merner, Kenzie |  | 4:09 |

### Korean Version

CD
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Intro (初恋)" (feat. Han Geng) (*Intro (First Love)*) | Han Geng | Yoo Young-jin | Yoo Han-jin | 0:43 |
| 2. | "初恋 (First Love)" | Yoo Young-jin | Ding Doudou, Yoo Young-jin |  | 4:11 |
| 3. | "A Flame for You" | Luciar | Dane Anthony de Viller, Sean Syed Hosein, Russell Consein |  | 3:22 |
| 4. | "星愿 (I Will)" (*Star Wish*) | Yoo Young-jin | Kim Sung-su, Yoo Young-jin, Yoo Han-jin | Star Wish (I Will) | 4:40 |
| 5. | "幸福的左岸 (Lovers)" (*The Left Shore of Happiness*) | Seemingly Blue | Ding Doudou, Hong Suk |  | 4:47 |
| 6. | "後 (After)" | Luciar | Lee Jae Myung |  | 3:22 |
| 7. | "交错的爱 (An Amorous Song)" (feat. Kim Jonghyun) (*Wrongly Given Love*) | Qi Cheng | Jo Yong-hoon |  | 4:46 |
| 8. | "相信爱 (Believe in Love)" | Luciar | Jennifer Hamady, Shedric Mitchell, Cho Yong-hun |  | 4:00 |
| 9. | "纯真的爱 (Perfect Love)" (feat. Song Bingyang) | Li Zhengxiang | Droxx (Xperimental Music Korea), Lee Jae-Myung |  | 4:16 |
| 10. | "One More Try" | Li Zhengxiang, Zhang Liyin | Yoo Young-jin |  | 4:08 |
| 11. | "Y (Why...)" | Rui Ye | Brandon Fraley, Javier Solis |  | 4:03 |
| 12. | "Timeless" (feat. Xiah) | Kenzie |  | Kenzie | 4:09 |
| 13. | "**성원 (I Will)**" |  |  |  | 4:40 |
| 14. | "**연인이여 (Lovers)**" | Kwon Yun-jung | Ding Doudou, Hong Suk |  | 4:40 |

### Asian Special Version

CD
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Intro (初戀)" (feat. Han Geng) (*Intro (First Love)*) | Han Geng | Yoo Young-jin |  | 0:43 |
| 2. | "初戀" (*First Love*) | Seemingly Blue | Ding Doudou, Yoo Young-jin |  | 4:11 |
| 3. | "A Flame for You" | Luciar | Dane Anthony de Viller, Sean Syed Hosein, Russell Consein |  | 3:22 |
| 4. | "星願 (I Will)" (*Star Wish*) | Li Zhengxiang | Kim Sung-su, Yoo Young-jin, Yoo Han-jin | Star Wish (I Will) | 4:40 |
| 5. | "幸福的左岸" (*The Left Shore of Happiness*) | Seemingly Blue | Ding Doudou, Hong Suk |  | 4:47 |
| 6. | "後" (*After*) | Luciar | Lee Jae Myung |  | 3:22 |
| 7. | "交錯的愛" (feat. Kim Jonghyun) (*Wrongly Given Love*) | Qi Cheng | Jo Yong-hoon |  | 4:46 |
| 8. | "相信愛" (*Believe in Love*) | Luciar | Jennifer Hamady, Shedric Mitchell, Cho Yong-hun |  | 4:00 |
| 9. | "純真的愛" (feat. Song Bingyang) (*Perfect Love*) | Li Zhengxiang | Droxx (Xperimental Music Korea), Lee Jae-Myung |  | 4:16 |
| 10. | "One More Try" | Li Zhengxiang, Zhang Liyin | Yoo Young-jin |  | 4:08 |
| 11. | "Y (Why...)" | Rui Ye | Brandon Fraley, Javier Solis |  | 4:03 |
| 12. | "Timeless" (feat. Xiah) | Rui Ye | Anders Bagge, Karen Poole, Peer Åström, Henrik Norberg, Oscar Merner, Kenzie |  | 4:09 |

DVD
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | ""星願 (I Will)" Music Video" (*with Chinese subtitles*) |  |
| 2. | ""幸福的左岸" Music Video" (*with Chinese subtitles*) |  |
| 3. | ""Timeless" Music Video (Part 1)" (*with Chinese subtitles*) |  |
| 4. | ""Timeless" Music Video (Part 2)" (*with Chinese subtitles*) |  |

## Charts

### Mainland China

| Chart | Single title | Debut position | Peak position | Chart run |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| China Top Music | 星愿 (I Will) | 44 | 11 | 5 |
| MTV China | 星愿 (I Will) | 14 | 20 | 2 |
| | 幸福的左岸 | 6 | 6 | 5 |

### Taiwan

| Chart | Single title | Debut position | Peak position | Chart run |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Channel \[V\] | 星愿 (I Will) | 19 | 13 | 3 |
| | 幸福的左岸 | 18 | 10 | 4 |
| Hit FM | 星愿 (I Will) | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| UFO Radio | 星愿 (I Will) | 10 | 9 | 3 |
| | 幸福的左岸 | 11 | 11 | 2 |

## Release history

| Region | Release date | Distributing label |
| --- | --- | --- |
| China | March 3, 2008 | S.M. Entertainment |
| South Korea | March 12, 2008 | KMP Holdings |
| Hong Kong | March 14, 2008 | Avex Asia |
| Taiwan | March 28, 2008 | Avex Taiwan |

## InfoBox

| 星愿 (I Will) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Zhang Liyin | |
| Released | March 3, 2008 |
| Recorded | 20052007 |
| Studio | SM Studios, Seoul, South Korea |
| Genre |  |
| Language | Chinese, Korean |
| Label |  |
| Producer | Lee Soo Man |
| Zhang Liyin chronology | |
| *"Timeless"*
(2006) ***星愿 (I Will)***
(2008) *"Moving On"*
(2009) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *星愿 (I Will)* | |
| 1. "Timeless"
Released: September 8, 2006 2. "星愿 (I Will)"
Released: February 27, 2008 3. "幸福的左岸"
Released: February 27, 2008 4. "相信爱"
Released: November 2008 | |
|  | |


title: I Like to Recognize the Tune

abstract: "I Like to Recognize the Tune" is an American popular song written by composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist Lorenz Hart. The song was introduced by Eddie Bracken, Marcy Wescott, Mary Jane Walsh, Richard Kollmar and Hal Le Roy in the 1939 Broadway musical Too Many Girls.

text:
# I Like to Recognize the Tune

**"I Like to Recognize the Tune"** is an American popular song written by composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist Lorenz Hart. The song was introduced by Eddie Bracken, Marcy Wescott, Mary Jane Walsh, Richard Kollmar and Hal Le Roy in the 1939 Broadway musical *Too Many Girls*.

## Background

The lyrics lament the distortions of melody inherent in Jazz and Swing, and popular interpretations of music in general: "I like to recognize the tune / I want to savvy what the band is playing / I keep saying, "Must you bury the tune?" In his autobiography, *Musical Stages*, Richard Rodgers described the motivations that inspired the song: "we voiced objection to the musical distortions, then so much a part of pop music because of the swing-band influence."

The 1940 film version of *Too Many Girls*, which starred RKO contract star Lucille Ball and the Broadway hit's cast member Desi Arnaz (who met and fell in love on the set, and married soon afterwards), did not feature the song. The song would appear in a later musical revue turned into a Lucille Ball film, *Meet The People* (MGM, 1944), and was sung by the film's supporting player, June Allyson, who met her own future husband in that film's co-star, Dick Powell.

## Recordings

"I Like to Recognize the Tune" has been recorded by many jazz and popular artists over the years, including Mel Tormé, George Shearing, Dinah Shore, Gene Krupa, Tal Farlow, Bobby Short, Carol Kidd, Stan Getz, and Johnny Desmond.

1. Shapiro, Nat. *Popular Music: An Annotated Index of American Popular Songs.* Page 277. Adrian Press, 1973.
2. Shapiro, Nat. *An Encyclopedia of Quotations About Music.* Page 34. Da Capo Press, 1981.
3. Rodgers, Richard. *Musical Stages: an Autobiography.* Page 193. Da Capo Press, 2002.
4. Allmusic: Song Entry

## InfoBox

| "I Like to Recognize the Tune" | |
| --- | --- |
| Song | |
| Published | 1939 |
| Songwriter(s) | Lorenz Hart |
| Composer(s) | Richard Rodgers |


title: I Like to Rock (song)

abstract: "I Like to Rock" is a song by Canadian rock band April Wine written by primary lead singer and songwriter Myles Goodwyn. The song appears on the band's eight studio album Harder... Faster (1979) as the second single. The song features Myles Goodwyn's rough-and-ready vocals over the band's well known combination of hard rock and blues rock. The song was a moderate success when released in 1980, reaching #75 in Canada, #86 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #41 on the UK Singles Chart, their highest peak in the UK. It has gained substantial popularity internationally since the 1980s, becoming a mainstay of April Wine's setlist. The song is arguably the band's signature song, and has become a staple of classic rock and album-oriented rock radio stations in both the US and Canada

text:
# I Like to Rock (song)

"**I Like to Rock"** is a song by Canadian rock band April Wine written by primary lead singer and songwriter Myles Goodwyn. The song appears on the band's eight studio album *Harder ... Faster* (1979) as the second single. The song features Myles Goodwyn's rough-and-ready vocals over the band's well known combination of hard rock and blues rock.

The song was a moderate success when released in 1980, reaching #75 in Canada, #86 on the *Billboard* Hot 100, and #41 on the UK Singles Chart, their highest peak in the UK. It has gained substantial popularity internationally since the 1980s, becoming a mainstay of April Wine's setlist. The song is arguably the band's signature song, and has become a staple of classic rock and album-oriented rock radio stations in both the US and Canada

## Content

### Song

Like many of the group's other songs, "I Like to Rock" is sung by Myles Goodwyn, accompanied by blues rock electric guitar and hard rock sounds. The final verse of the song includes the main guitar riffs to the Beatles' "Day Tripper" and the Rolling Stones' "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" played simultaneously, in tribute to these bands.

### Lyrics

The lyrics of "I Like to Rock" have Myles Goodwyn (lead singer) sing about his love of rock music, while the chorus says "I like to rock, some like it hot, baby". The lyrics also refer to partying late at night and singing in front of large crowds at concerts.

## Music video

The music video for "I Like to Rock" was directed by Brian Greenway, the band's main guitarist (who also directed the music videos for "Just Between You and Me" and "Enough Is Enough"), and features the band playing the song inside a recording studio located in the woods. The same location, Le Studio, would be used in the video for the song "Tom Sawyer" by fellow Canadian rock band Rush, in 1981.

## Charts

| Chart (1981) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 86 |
| UK Singles Chart | 41 |
| Canada *RPM* Top Singles | 75 |
|

## Accolades

* CKKQ-FM "the Q" ranked the song #65 on their list of the "150 Best Canadian Songs of All Time".
* Rock Klassics ranked it the 94th greatest Canadian rock song.

"I Like to Rock" was used in the films *Flower & Garnet*, *Gutterballs*, *High Life*, and *Drive Angry*, as well as S1 E6 of *Being Erica* titled "Something Wrong With...", as well as the 2010 comedy television special *Kids in the Hall: Death Comes to Town*. The song was also mentioned in an episode of *Trailer Park Boys* titled "Closer to the Heart" in which main character Ricky repeatedly expresses that he prefers April Wine to fellow Canadian band Rush, and requests that Alex Lifeson perform "I Like to Rock", believing it is a Rush song.

## InfoBox

| "I Like to Rock" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by April Wine | |
| from the album  *Harder ... Faster* | |
| B-side | "Ladies Man" |
| Released | 1980 |
| Recorded | Le Studio |
| Genre | Hard rock |
| Length | 4:23 |
| Label | Aquarius, Capitol |
| Songwriter(s) | Myles Goodwyn |
| Producer(s) | Myles Goodwyn, Mike Stone, Brian Greenway |
| April Wine singles chronology | |
| "Say Hello"
(1980) "**I Like to Rock**"
(1980) "Just Between You and Me"
(1981) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "I Like to Rock" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Ochsenheimeria capella

abstract: Ochsenheimeria capella is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is found in Hungary and from Russia to northern Kazakhstan. The wingspan is about 10 mm. The larvae feed on Secale cereale, Setaria italica and Stipa species. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant for about a week. The larva then continues feeding as a stem borer.

text:
# Ochsenheimeria capella

***Ochsenheimeria capella*** is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is found in Hungary and from Russia to northern Kazakhstan.

The wingspan is about 10 mm.

The larvae feed on *Secale cereale*, *Setaria italica* and *Stipa* species. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant for about a week. The larva then continues feeding as a stem borer.

## InfoBox

| *Ochsenheimeria capella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Ypsolophidae |
| Genus: | *Ochsenheimeria* |
| Species: | ***O. capella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Ochsenheimeria capella***<br>Moschler, 1860 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Aridomeria capella* | |


title: Ochsenheimeria vacculella

abstract: Ochsenheimeria vacculella, the cereal stem moth, is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Norway, Portugal, Italy and most of the Balkan Peninsula. The species was accidentally introduced into parts of the United States. The wingspan is 11–14 mm (0.43–0.55 in). Adults are on wing in July and August. The larvae feed on Agropyron cristatum, Elymus caninus, Elymus repens, Bromus erectus, Bromus inermis, Festuca pratensis, Lolium, Phleum pratense, Poa, Secale cereale and Triticum aestivum. They can be found from April to May.

text:
# Ochsenheimeria vacculella

***Ochsenheimeria vacculella***, the **cereal stem moth**, is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Norway, Portugal, Italy and most of the Balkan Peninsula. The species was accidentally introduced into parts of the United States.

The wingspan is 11–14 mm (0.43–0.55 in). Adults are on wing in July and August.

The larvae feed on *Agropyron cristatum*, *Elymus caninus*, *Elymus repens*, *Bromus erectus*, *Bromus inermis*, *Festuca pratensis*, *Lolium*, *Phleum pratense*, *Poa*, *Secale cereale* and *Triticum aestivum*. They can be found from April to May.

## InfoBox

| Cereal stem moth | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Ypsolophidae |
| Genus: | *Ochsenheimeria* |
| Species: | ***O. vacculella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Ochsenheimeria vacculella***<br>Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1842 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Ochsenheimeria danilevskii* Zagulajev, 1972 | |


title: I Heard That Song Before

abstract: I Heard That Song Before is a suspense novel by American author Mary Higgins Clark.

text:
# I Heard That Song Before

**I Heard That Song Before** is a suspense novel by American author Mary Higgins Clark.

## Synopsis

The daughter of a landscaper for the wealthy Carrington family, six-year-old Kay Lansing sneaks away from her father's side one morning, and overhears a woman blackmailing a man for money. When she tells him that this will be the last time, he caustically responds: "I heard that song before". That same night teenager Susan Althrop, eldest son Peter Carrington‘s girlfriend, vanishes into thin air and is never seen again. Twenty-two years later, Peter, forty-two, now runs the family empire and has been widowed; his pregnant wife drowned in their swimming pool eight years ago. As fate would have it, Kay falls in love with Peter after she approaches him about hosting a literary luncheon, and the two promptly marry. However, his peculiar nocturnal habits soon set her teeth on edge, especially when he's unconsciously drawn to the place where the former Mrs. Carrington met her end...

## Reception

The novel was a critical and commercial success, garnering the excellent reviews Clark has become accustomed to over the years.

* *Clark deftly keeps the finger of guilt pointed in many directions until the surprising conclusion.* \- *Publishers Weekly*
* *I Heard That Song Before once again dramatically reconfirms Mary Higgins Clark's worldwide reputation as a master storyteller.* \- *Barnes & Noble*


title: Odyssey 30

abstract: The Odyssey 30 is a Canadian sailboat, that was designed by George Cuthbertson of C&C Design and first built in 1987. The design is often confused with a different boat with the same name, the Carl Alberg designed 1960 Odyssey 30.

text:
# Odyssey 30

The **Odyssey 30** is a Canadian sailboat, that was designed by George Cuthbertson of C&C Design and first built in 1987.

The design is often confused with a different boat with the same name, the Carl Alberg designed 1960 Odyssey 30.

## Production

The Odyssey 30 came about after the owner of the Aloha Yachts brand and owner of the Ouyang Boat Works in Canada, Ti Ouyang, lost control of the Aloha company and formed a new company to produce the Odyssey boats. The Odyssey 30 is now out of production.

## Design

The Odyssey 30 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a fractional sloop rig, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder and a fixed fin keel. It displaces 8,000 lb (3,629 kg).

The boat has a draft of 5.50 ft (1.68 m) with the standard keel and is fitted with a Japanese Yanmar 2GM diesel engine.

The boat has a hull speed of 6.83 kn (12.65 km/h).

**Similar sailboats**

## InfoBox

Odyssey 30
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Development | |
| Designer | George Cuthbertson |
| Location | Canada |
| Year | 1987 |
| Builder(s) | Ouyang Boat Works |
| Name | Odyssey 30 |
| Boat | |
| Displacement | 8,000 lb (3,629 kg) |
| Draft | 5.50 ft (1.68 m) |
| Hull | |
| Type | Monohull |
| Construction | Fibreglass |
| LOA | 30.00 ft (9.14 m) |
| LWL | 26.00 ft (7.92 m) |
| Beam | 10.48 ft (3.19 m) |
| Engine type | Yanmar diesel engine |
| Hull appendages | |
| Keel/board type | fin keel |
| Rudder(s) | internally-mounted spade-type rudder |
| Rig | |
| General | Fractional rigged sloop |
| foretriangle height | 41.00 ft (12.50 m) |
| foretriangle base | 11.50 ft (3.51 m) |
| mainsail luff | 38.00 ft (11.58 m) |
| mainsail foot | 12.50 ft (3.81 m) |
| Sails | |
| Mainsail area | 237.50 sq ft (22.064 m2) |
| Jib/genoa area | 235.75 sq ft (21.902 m2) |
| Total sail area | 473.25 sq ft (43.966 m2) |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: I Write It Down

abstract: I Write It Down is the eleventh studio album by American country music artist Ed Bruce. It was released in 1982 via MCA Records. The album includes the singles "Ever, Never Lovin' You" and "My First Taste of Texas".

text:
# I Write It Down

***I Write It Down*** is the eleventh studio album by American country music artist Ed Bruce. It was released in 1982 via MCA Records. The album includes the singles "Ever, Never Lovin' You" and "My First Taste of Texas".

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "My First Taste of Texas" | Ed Bruce, Ronnie Rogers | 3:56 |
| 2. | "Ever, Never Lovin' You" | E. Bruce, Patsy Bruce, Glenn Ray | 3:00 |
| 3. | "Somebody's Crying" | E. Bruce, Ron Peterson | 4:13 |
| 4. | "One More Shot of "Old Back Home Again"" | E. Bruce, P. Bruce | 3:21 |
| 5. | "The Songwriter (I Write It Down)" | E. Bruce, P. Bruce, Peterson | 3:28 |
| 6. | "Theme from "Bret Maverick"" (featuring James Garner) | E. Bruce, P. Bruce, Ray | 2:42 |
| 7. | "Memories Can't Stand to Be Alone" | E. Bruce, Peterson | 3:50 |
| 8. | "Your Jukebox Could Use a Few More Sad Songs" | E. Bruce, Peterson | 3:32 |
| 9. | "Babe in Arms" | E. Bruce, Peterson | 3:58 |
| 10. | "Mammas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys" | E. Bruce, P. Bruce | 4:10 |

## Chart performance

| Chart (1982) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Top Country Albums (*Billboard*) | 63 |

## InfoBox

| I Write It Down | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Ed Bruce | |
| Released | 1982 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 36:10 |
| Label | MCA |
| Producer | Tommy West |
| Ed Bruce chronology | |
| *Last Train to Clarksville*
(1982) ***I Write It Down***
(1982) *You're Not Leavin' Here Tonight*
(1983) | |


title: Northwood, North Dakota

abstract: Northwood is a city in Grand Forks County, North Dakota, United States. It is part of the "Grand Forks, ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area" or "Greater Grand Forks." The population was 982 at the 2020 census.

text:
# Northwood, North Dakota

**Northwood** is a city in Grand Forks County, North Dakota, United States. It is part of the "Grand Forks, ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area" or "Greater Grand Forks." The population was 982 at the 2020 census.

## History

Northwood was founded in 1884.

A tornado, rated EF4 on the Enhanced Fujita Scale, struck Northwood on the evening of August 26, 2007 causing destruction to the entire town and killing one person. Later on some of the buildings were burned, collapsed, or torn down because of severe damage to the buildings from the tornado.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.27 square miles (3.29 km2), all land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1890 | 268 |  |  |
| 1900 | 697 |  | 160.1% |
| 1910 | 769 |  | 10.3% |
| 1920 | 935 |  | 21.6% |
| 1930 | 971 |  | 3.9% |
| 1940 | 1,068 |  | 10.0% |
| 1950 | 1,182 |  | 10.7% |
| 1960 | 1,195 |  | 1.1% |
| 1970 | 1,189 |  | −0.5% |
| 1980 | 1,240 |  | 4.3% |
| 1990 | 1,166 |  | −6.0% |
| 2000 | 959 |  | −17.8% |
| 2010 | 945 |  | −1.5% |
| 2020 | 982 |  | 3.9% |
| 2022 (est.) | 946 |  | −3.7% |
| U.S. Decennial Census
2020 Census | | | |

Northwood has the highest percentage of Norwegian American ancestry of any city in the United States.

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 945 people, 397 households, and 243 families living in the city. The population density was 744.1 inhabitants per square mile (287.3/km2). There were 443 housing units at an average density of 348.8 per square mile (134.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.0% White, 0.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.4% of the population.

There were 397 households, of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.4% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.8% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 45.3 years. 23.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.6% were from 25 to 44; 24% were from 45 to 64; and 26.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.2% male and 49.8% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 959 people, 408 households, and 243 families living in the city. The population density was 923.1 inhabitants per square mile (356.4/km2). There were 459 housing units at an average density of 441.8 per square mile (170.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 99.17% White, 0.10% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.10% from other races, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.73% of the population.

Of the 408 households, 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 38.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.8% under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 22.3% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 27.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,000, and the median income for a family was $41,667. Males had a median income of $31,389 versus $21,389 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,923. About 2.8% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.4% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

## InfoBox

| Northwood, North Dakota | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| The Northwood grain elevators | |
| Motto: "Come Discover Northwood This is the place for you!" | |
| Location of Northwood, North Dakota | |
| Coordinates: 47°44′5″N 97°34′8″W / 47.73472°N 97.56889°W / 47.73472; -97.56889 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | North Dakota |
| County | Grand Forks |
| Metro | Greater Grand Forks |
| Founded | 1884 |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Karl Broeren |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.21 sq mi (3.13 km2) |
| Land | 1.21 sq mi (3.13 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,116 ft (340 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 982 |
| Estimate (2022) | 946 |
| Density | 812.24/sq mi (313.71/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 58267 |
| Area code | 701 |
| FIPS code | 38-58300 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1036204 |
| Website | discovernorthwood.com |


title: The Mighty Atom (Thunderbirds)

abstract: "The Mighty Atom" is an episode of Thunderbirds, a British Supermarionation television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and filmed by their production company AP Films for ITC Entertainment. Written by Dennis Spooner and directed by David Lane, it was first broadcast on 30 December 1965 on ATV Midlands as the 14th episode of Series One. It is the sixth episode in the official running order. Set in the 2060s, the series follows the exploits of International Rescue, an organisation that uses technologically-advanced rescue vehicles to save human life. The main characters are ex-astronaut Jeff Tracy, founder of International Rescue, and his five adult sons, who pilot the organisation's main vehicles: the Thunderbird machines. In "The Mighty Atom", the Tracys' nemesis the Hood attacks atomic irrigation plants in Australia and the Sahara.

text:
# The Mighty Atom (Thunderbirds)

"**The Mighty Atom**" is an episode of *Thunderbirds*, a British Supermarionation television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and filmed by their production company AP Films for ITC Entertainment. Written by Dennis Spooner and directed by David Lane, it was first broadcast on 30 December 1965 on ATV Midlands as the 14th episode of Series One. It is the sixth episode in the official running order.

Set in the 2060s, the series follows the exploits of International Rescue, an organisation that uses technologically-advanced rescue vehicles to save human life. The main characters are ex-astronaut Jeff Tracy, founder of International Rescue, and his five adult sons, who pilot the organisation's main vehicles: the *Thunderbird* machines. In "The Mighty Atom", the Tracys' nemesis the Hood attacks atomic irrigation plants in Australia and the Sahara.

## Plot

Some time before the creation of International Rescue, the Hood is spying on an atomic-powered irrigation plant in an Australian desert when he is discovered and challenged by a security guard. A gunfight ensues and one of the Hood's bullets hits a gas cylinder, starting a fire that quickly consumes the facility. Unable to shut down the nuclear reactor, Controller Wade and his staff are airlifted to safety before the plant is destroyed in an atomic explosion. A radioactive cloud looks set to engulf Melbourne but is ultimately dispersed by strong winds.

One year later, the disguised Hood hypnotises delegates at a science conference and steals the "Mighty Atom" – an artificially-intelligent roaming surveillance device that looks like a mouse. Travelling to the Sahara, he uses the Mighty Atom to photograph the interior of a new, automated irrigation plant maintained by Wade and his assistant Collins. He then decides to exploit the situation further by creating a disaster to which the newly-formed International Rescue will respond, giving him an opportunity to use the device to steal the secrets of the *Thunderbird* machines. To this end, he detonates explosive devices around the plant's reactor, fatally de-stabilising it.

With a second nuclear explosion inevitable and rescue by the wind unlikely, Wade realises that the consequences for the region will be devastating. He calls International Rescue for help and Jeff Tracy dispatches Scott in *Thunderbird 1*. Lady Penelope, who is visiting Tracy Island with Parker and is eager to accompany the Tracy brothers on a mission, leaves with Virgil and Gordon in *Thunderbird 2* carrying Pod 4.

When *Thunderbird 2* reaches the North African coast, Gordon launches in *Thunderbird 4* and proceeds to the plant's seawater inlet. *Thunderbird 2* continues to the plant, where Scott and Virgil don protective suits and enter the reactor room to re-align the control rods and re-stabilise the reactor. Gordon then destroys the inlet with a torpedo, cutting off the seawater intake at just the right moment to prevent the reactor from exploding.

Left alone in *Thunderbird 2*, Penelope, who is afraid of mice, screams when confronted by the Mighty Atom as it prepares to photograph the cockpit. Later, at his temple in Malaysia, the Hood connects the device to a computer to view the stored images – which, he is dismayed to find, are all of Penelope's terrified face. In a fit of rage, he destroys the Mighty Atom by repeatedly smashing it with his fist.

## Regular voice cast

## Production

One of 11 *Thunderbirds* scripts that were originally filmed as 25 minutes and later extended, "The Mighty Atom" was initially set almost entirely in the Sahara, with events in Australia being recalled briefly in flashback. To lengthen the story, the series' writing team effectively split the episode in two by prefacing the main action with two new acts showing the Australian nuclear disaster in detail, as well as the Hood's theft of the Mighty Atom. Due to this expansion, the first 18 minutes of the completed episode feature none of the regular characters.

"The Mighty Atom" is the only episode of *Thunderbirds* to feature all of the regular characters and all of the *Thunderbird* machines. It also marks the first appearance of *Thunderbird 4* on a rescue mission.

## Broadcast and reception

The two-part version that was broadcast in some UK regions separates the older footage from the material that was filmed for the episode's expansion. Certain scenes were altered to create this format; these include one of a news conference in Melbourne, which was shortened, and another in which the Tracy brothers play a practical joke on Lady Penelope, which was removed completely.

### Critical response

"The Mighty Atom" is named the worst episode of *Thunderbirds* by *TV Zone* magazine. Commenting that "for the first half of the episode we're left wondering where International Rescue is", the review also notes the ineptitude of the Hood and criticises the episode's "lazy" writing, point out that the villain's plans are thwarted by nothing more than Penelope's fear of mice. Tom Fox of *Starburst* magazine is more positive, arguing that the episode contains "plenty of curious aspects" to compensate for the Hood's "outlandish" plans; he gives a rating of three out of five.

Chris Bentley, author of *The Complete Book of Thunderbirds*, describes the episode as "surprisingly effective" despite International Rescue's absence from most of its first half. He regards the scenes featuring the radioactive cloud as some of the "eeriest" of the series. Marcus Hearn, author of *Thunderbirds: The Vault*, considers the "sinister" music accompanying these scenes to be the episode's most effective element; however, he believes that the appearance of Penelope and Parker "clutters" the plot. He also argues that Penelope's phobia "diminishes" her character just as the Hood's ill-conceived plans lead the viewer to suspect that he "may not be quite the criminal mastermind his reputation suggests".

In her 1991 autobiography, Sylvia Anderson wrote that the Mighty Atom itself "strains credibility" while comparing the nuclear explosion in the episode's first act to the real-life Chernobyl disaster. Michael Park of the website WhatCulture expresses similar thoughts, arguing that the episode essentially "predicted" Chernobyl: "... at the height of the Cold War, this episode will have given a lot of children (and adults) sleepless nights." Media historian Nicholas J. Cull notes that like "The Man from MI.5" and "Atlantic Inferno", "The Mighty Atom" plays on themes of "nuclear weapons and wider nuclear fears in general".

Fred McNamara of the website ScreenRelish considers a scene in which Parker and Kyrano fight over which of them should be allowed to serve drinks to be the fourth-best moment of the entire series: "... it's hard for any *Thunderbirds* fan not to smirk slightly when watching this, and knowing that both Kyrano and Parker had their voices provided by the same actor!"

## InfoBox

| "**The Mighty Atom**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Thunderbirds* episode | |
| Episode no. | Series 1<br>Episode 6 |
| Directed by | David Lane |
| Written by | Dennis Spooner |
| Cinematography by | Paddy Seale |
| Editing by | Harry Ledger |
| Production code | 6 |
| Original air date | 30 December 1965 (1965-12-30) |
| Guest character voices | |
| Australia Plant Announcer Controller Wade General Speyer Security Guard Australia Plant Fire Chief Professor Holden 1st Reporter Controller Collins Australia Plant Tour Guide Conference Delegate Australia Plant Assistant Controller 2nd Reporter Speyer's Press Officer | |
|
|


title: Francesco Bartolomeo de Leone

abstract: Francesco Bartolomeo DeLeone was an American composer of Italian descent. Born in Ravenna, Ohio, to a family of Italian immigrants from Colliano, at fifteen DeLeone entered the Dana Musical Institute at Warren, Ohio. In 1907 he went to Italy to complete his musical education at the Conservatorio Reale di Musica of Naples. Upon his graduation in 1910, his operetta, "A Millionaire's Caprice," had its premiere on July 26, 1910, at the Teatro Eldorado of Naples and was produced throughout Italy. The same year DeLeone returned to America, to be Director of Music in the Municipal University at Akron, Ohio. During his career DeLeone composed cantatas, songs, and works for piano in addition to opera and operettas. His most successful opera, Alglala, was first produced at the Akron Armory on May 23, 1924. The opera remains one of the best examples of the Indianist movement in American music. The plot was based upon a Native American story; the librettist, Cecil Fanning, drew inspiration from experiences, observations and research during several seasons spent on the Crow reservation in Montana. Presented again in Cleveland, Ohio on November 14 and 15, 1924, the opera won a Bispham Memorial Medal Award and numerous other awards. The composer also received from King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy the title of Chavalier of the Order of the Royal Crown, in recognition of his success in operatic composition. DeLeone died in Akron, Ohio.

text:
# Francesco Bartolomeo de Leone

**Francesco Bartolomeo DeLeone** (July 28, 1887 – December 10, 1948) was an American composer of Italian descent.

Born in Ravenna, Ohio, to a family of Italian immigrants from Colliano (near Salerno, Italy), at fifteen DeLeone entered the Dana Musical Institute at Warren, Ohio. In 1907 he went to Italy to complete his musical education at the Conservatorio Reale di Musica of Naples. Upon his graduation in 1910, his operetta, "A Millionaire's Caprice," had its premiere on July 26, 1910, at the Teatro Eldorado of Naples and was produced throughout Italy. The same year DeLeone returned to America, to be Director of Music in the Municipal University at Akron, Ohio.

During his career DeLeone composed cantatas, songs, and works for piano in addition to opera and operettas. His most successful opera, *Alglala,* was first produced at the Akron Armory on May 23, 1924. The opera remains one of the best examples of the Indianist movement in American music. The plot was based upon a Native American story; the librettist, Cecil Fanning, drew inspiration from experiences, observations and research during several seasons spent on the Crow reservation in Montana. Presented again in Cleveland, Ohio on November 14 and 15, 1924, the opera won a Bispham Memorial Medal Award and numerous other awards. The composer also received from King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy the title of Chavalier of the Order of the Royal Crown, in recognition of his success in operatic composition.

DeLeone died in Akron, Ohio.

## Bibliography

* Howard, John Tasker (1939). *Our American Music: Three Hundred Years of It*. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company.
* Hipsher, Edward Ellsworth (1927). *American Opera and Its Composers*. Philadelphia.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)


title: Werner Klaas

abstract: Werner Klaas was a German international footballer.

text:
# Werner Klaas

**Werner Klaas** (10 May 1914 – between 30 March and 4 April 1945) was a German international footballer.

## Personal life

Klaas served as an *Oberleutnant* (senior lieutenant) in the German Army during the Second World War. He was killed in action on the Eastern Front between 30 March and 4 April 1945.

## InfoBox

Werner Klaas
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1914-05-10)10 May 1914 | | |
| Place of birth | Olpe, Germany | | |
| Date of death | March/April 1945(1945-04-00) (aged 30) | | |
| Place of death | Czechoslovakia | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
|  | Militär SV Koblenz |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1937 | Germany | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Graham Bayne

abstract: Graham Bayne is a Scottish retired professional footballer who last played for Elgin City.

text:
# Graham Bayne

**Graham Bayne** (born 22 August 1979) is a Scottish retired professional footballer who last played for Elgin City.

## Career

Bayne joined Inverness Caley Thistle from local rivals Ross County, having previously played for Dundee, Arbroath and his local side Raith Rovers having been born in Kirkcaldy. Bayne is a striker, and wore the much-coveted number 9 shirt for the Jags

In May 2008, Bayne was linked with a possible move away from the Caledonian Stadium after manager Craig Brewster revealed he was interested in Andrew Barrowman. First Division sides St Johnstone, Dunfermline Athletic and Ross County are all thought to be after the striker. After Caley Thistle signed Barrowman, Craig Brewster confirmed that a move to Dunfermline was very likely. The same day, it was reported that a fee had been agreed by Bayne's club and the East End Park side. On 27 June it was confirmed that Bayne had signed for Dunfermline for £30,000.

Although proving a success at the Pars his time with the club was cut short due to an ongoing problem with Plantar fasciitis. With an unknown recovery period it was agreed that he would leave the club when his contract expired at the end of July 2010. In February 2011 he played several games as a trialist for both Dundee and Dunfermline Athletic, before returning to Dunfermline for the rest of the 2010/11 season by signing as an amateur. On 30 May, Graham signed a one-year deal with First Division club, Dundee.

On 30 May 2011 it was announced that Bayne had signed for Dundee FC on a one-year deal. Bayne made 20 appearances for the side but was released by Dundee at the end of the 2011–12 season. Having left Dundee he gave up on fully professional football to become a Firefighter.

On 4 January 2013, Bayne signed a short-term contract with Highland League side, Wick Academy. Bayne came on as a substitute against Turriff United in the SHFL on 5 Jan 2013 and to mark his debut he scored within 5 minutes of his introduction. Bayne marked his 300th competitive appearance with a late goal in the 4–0 win at struggling Lossiemouth on 12 January 2013 in his second and final appearance for Wick.

Bayne returned to the SFL after signing for Arbroath on 14 January 2013 A double on his second début for Arbroath saw his new side defeat Angus rivals Forfar Athletic and took his team into the play-off position in the Second Division.

On 31 January 2014, Bayne was released by Arbroath.

Soon after his release from Arbroath, Bayne was appointed assistant manager to friend and former teammate Barry Wilson at Elgin City. Bayne also registered as a player.

## InfoBox

Graham Bayne
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1979-08-22) 22 August 1979 | | |
| Place of birth | Kirkcaldy, Scotland | | |
| Position(s) | Striker | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1996–2001 | Dundee | 16 | (0) |
| 2000–2001 | Raith Rovers (loan) | 8 | (0) |
| 2001–2002 | Arbroath | 34 | (5) |
| 2002–2004 | Ross County | 54 | (11) |
| 2004–2008 | Inverness CT | 119 | (15) |
| 2008–2010 | Dunfermline Athletic | 47 | (9) |
| 2011 | Dunfermline Athletic | 2 | (0) |
| 2011–2012 | Dundee | 18 | (0) |
| 2013 | Wick Academy | 2 | (2) |
| 2013–2014 | Arbroath | 31 | (3) |
| 2014–2015 | Elgin City | 14 | (1) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963

abstract: The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963 is a compilation album of 59 previously unreleased recordings by English rock band the Beatles, released on 17 December 2013, exclusively through the iTunes Store. While it was initially only available for a few hours, it later became available again for purchase. The release was timed to extend the copyright of the 1963 recordings under EU law by 20 years – the EU protects recordings for 70 years only if they are formally released.

text:
# The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963

***The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963*** is a compilation album of 59 previously unreleased recordings by English rock band the Beatles, released on 17 December 2013, exclusively through the iTunes Store. While it was initially only available for a few hours, it later became available again for purchase. The release was timed to extend the copyright of the 1963 recordings under EU law by 20 years – the EU protects recordings for 70 years only if they are formally released.

## Composition

The album includes 15 studio outtakes and 42 live BBC Radio tracks, adding to those released previously on the albums *Live at the BBC* (1994) and *On Air – Live at the BBC Volume 2* (2013). The album also includes John Lennon's demo recordings of "Bad to Me" and "I'm in Love", later released as singles by Billy J. Kramer and the Dakotas and the Fourmost, respectively.

## Track listing

Tracks 1–14 are stereo; the rest are mono.

All tracks are written by Lennon–McCartney, except where noted

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "There's a Place" (Takes 5 & 6) |  | 2:19 |
| 2. | "There's a Place" (Take 8) |  | 1:58 |
| 3. | "There's a Place" (Take 9) |  | 2:04 |
| 4. | "Do You Want to Know a Secret" (Take 7) |  | 2:17 |
| 5. | "A Taste of Honey" (Take 6) | Bobby Scott, Ric Marlow | 2:12 |
| 6. | "I Saw Her Standing There" (Take 2) |  | 3:07 |
| 7. | "Misery" (Take 1) |  | 1:54 |
| 8. | "Misery" (Take 7) |  | 1:56 |
| 9. | "From Me to You" (Takes 1 & 2) |  | 3:24 |
| 10. | "From Me to You" (Take 5) |  | 2:17 |
| 11. | "Thank You Girl" (Take 1) |  | 2:09 |
| 12. | "Thank You Girl" (Take 5) |  | 2:04 |
| 13. | "One After 909" (Takes 1 & 2) |  | 4:29 |
| 14. | "Hold Me Tight" (Take 21) |  | 2:42 |
| 15. | "Money (That's What I Want)" (RM 7 Undubbed) | Janie Bradford, Berry Gordy | 2:48 |
| 16. | "Some Other Guy" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 26 January 1963) | Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller, Richard Barrett | 2:02 |
| 17. | "Love Me Do" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 26 January 1963) |  | 2:31 |
| 18. | "Too Much Monkey Business" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 11 June 1963) | Chuck Berry | 1:50 |
| 19. | "I Saw Her Standing There" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 16 March 1963) |  | 2:38 |
| 20. | "Do You Want to Know a Secret" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 25 May 1963) |  | 1:50 |
| 21. | "From Me to You" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 25 May 1963) |  | 1:54 |
| 22. | "I Got to Find My Baby" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 29 June 1963) | Berry | 1:59 |
| 23. | "Roll Over Beethoven" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 29 June 1963) | Berry | 2:29 |
| 24. | "A Taste of Honey" (Live at the BBC for *Easy Beat*, 23 June 1963) | Scott, Marlow | 2:01 |
| 25. | "Love Me Do" (Live at the BBC for *Easy Beat*, 20 October 1963) |  | 2:29 |
| 26. | "Please Please Me" (Live at the BBC for *Easy Beat*, 20 October 1963) |  | 2:08 |
| 27. | "She Loves You" (Live at the BBC for *Easy Beat*, 20 October 1963) |  | 2:19 |
| 28. | "I Want to Hold Your Hand" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 21 December 1963) |  | 2:19 |
| 29. | "Till There Was You" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 21 December 1963) | Meredith Willson | 2:16 |
| 30. | "Roll Over Beethoven" (Live at the BBC for *Saturday Club*, 21 December 1963) | Berry | 2:16 |
| 31. | "You Really Got a Hold on Me" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 4 June 1963) | Smokey Robinson | 2:54 |
| 32. | "The Hippy Hippy Shake" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 4 June 1963) | Chan Romero | 1:43 |
| 33. | "Till There Was You" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 11 June 1963) | Meredith Willson | 2:14 |
| 34. | "A Shot of Rhythm and Blues" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 18 June 1963) | Terry Thompson | 2:06 |
| 35. | "A Taste of Honey" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 18 June 1963) | Scott, Marlow | 1:56 |
| 36. | "Money (That's What I Want)" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 18 June 1963) | Bradford, Gordy | 2:41 |
| 37. | "Anna (Go to Him)" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 25 June 1963) | Arthur Alexander | 3:02 |
| 38. | "Love Me Do" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 10 September 1963) |  | 2:29 |
| 39. | "She Loves You" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 24 September 1963) |  | 2:16 |
| 40. | "I'll Get You" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 10 September 1963) |  | 2:05 |
| 41. | "A Taste of Honey" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 10 September 1963) | Scott, Marlow | 2:00 |
| 42. | "Boys" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 17 September 1963) | Luther Dixon, Wes Farrell | 2:12 |
| 43. | "Chains" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 17 September 1963) | Gerry Goffin, Carole King | 2:22 |
| 44. | "You Really Got a Hold on Me" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 17 September 1963) | Robinson | 2:57 |
| 45. | "I Saw Her Standing There" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 24 September 1963) |  | 2:41 |
| 46. | "She Loves You" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 10 September 1963) |  | 2:15 |
| 47. | "Twist and Shout" (Live at the BBC for *Pop Go the Beatles*, 24 September 1963) | Phil Medley, Bert Russell | 2:36 |
| 48. | "Do You Want to Know a Secret" (Live at the BBC for *Here We Go*, 12 March 1963) |  | 1:55 |
| 49. | "Please Please Me" (Live at the BBC for *Here We Go*, 12 March 1963) |  | 1:57 |
| 50. | "Long Tall Sally" (Live at the BBC for *Side by Side*, 13 May 1963) | Enotris Johnson, Richard Penniman, Robert Blackwell | 1:49 |
| 51. | "Chains" (Live at the BBC for *Side by Side*, 13 May 1963) | Goffin, King | 2:23 |
| 52. | "Boys" (Live at the BBC for *Side by Side*, 13 May 1963) | Dixon, Farrell | 1:53 |
| 53. | "A Taste of Honey" (Live at the BBC for *Side by Side*, 13 May 1963) | Scott, Marlow | 2:04 |
| 54. | "Roll Over Beethoven" (Live at the BBC for *From Us to You*, 26 December 1963) | Berry | 2:17 |
| 55. | "All My Loving" (Live at the BBC for *From Us to You*, 26 December 1963) |  | 2:06 |
| 56. | "She Loves You" (Live at the BBC for *From Us to You*, 26 December 1963) |  | 2:21 |
| 57. | "Till There Was You" (Live at the BBC for *From Us to You*, 26 December 1963) | Willson | 2:12 |
| 58. | "Bad to Me" (Demo) |  | 1:29 |
| 59. | "I'm in Love" (Demo) |  | 1:32 |
| Total length: | | | 2:10:49 |

## InfoBox

| The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album / live album by the Beatles | |
| Released | 17 December 2013 (2013-12-17) |
| Recorded | 11 February – 26 December 1963 |
| Studio | Abbey Road Studios |
| Length | 134:53
37:40 (outtakes)
94:12 (BBC recordings)
3:01 (demos) |
| Label | Universal |
| Producer | George Martin (studio outtakes) |
| The Beatles chronology | |
| *On Air – Live at the BBC Volume 2*
(2013) ***The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963***
(2013) *The U.S. Albums*
(2014) | |


title: Fort Stevenson

abstract: Fort Stevenson was a frontier military fort in the 19th century in what was then Dakota Territory and what is now North Dakota. The fort was named for Thomas G. Stevenson, a Civil War general who was killed in the Battle of Spotsylvania. Chief Big John was in charge of the fort during the Battle of Little Big Horn. It was built in 1867 and abandoned in 1883. Life at the fort features heavily in the memoir of Régis de Trobriand, the commander of the fort. He describes interactions with the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes, and their hostilities with another group of tribes, the Sioux. The fort was abandoned in 1883 with the sale of all buildings and property. In 1901 the lands encompassing the Fort Stevenson Military Reservation were sold to Black and Associates, a group of eastern businessmen. The group originally planned to raise sugar beets on the acreages but instead dropped those plans and sold off much of the land to adjacent landowners. Several buildings remained on the site until the 1940s. The location was inundated by the rising waters of Garrison Reservoir, later renamed Lake Sakakawea, in the late 1950s and today is under about 120 feet of water. The site was located about nine miles southwest of the city of Garrison, ND. Fort Stevenson State Park, located on the shores of Lake Sakakawea about 4 miles from the original fort's location, includes a replica of the fort's guardhouse, constructed in 2003, which serves as a museum and information center relating to the old military installation.

text:
# Fort Stevenson

**Fort Stevenson** was a frontier military fort in the 19th century in what was then Dakota Territory and what is now North Dakota. The fort was named for Thomas G. Stevenson, a Civil War general who was killed in the Battle of Spotsylvania. Chief Big John was in charge of the fort during the Battle of Little Big Horn. It was built in 1867 and abandoned in 1883.

Life at the fort features heavily in the memoir of Régis de Trobriand, the commander of the fort. He describes interactions with the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes, and their hostilities with another group of tribes, the Sioux.

The fort was abandoned in 1883 with the sale of all buildings and property. In 1901 the lands encompassing the Fort Stevenson Military Reservation were sold to Black and Associates, a group of eastern businessmen. The group originally planned to raise sugar beets on the acreages but instead dropped those plans and sold off much of the land to adjacent landowners. Several buildings remained on the site until the 1940s. The location was inundated by the rising waters of Garrison Reservoir, later renamed Lake Sakakawea, in the late 1950s and today is under about 120 feet of water. The site was located about nine miles southwest of the city of Garrison, ND.

Fort Stevenson State Park, located on the shores of Lake Sakakawea about 4 miles from the original fort's location, includes a replica of the fort's guardhouse, constructed in 2003, which serves as a museum and information center relating to the old military installation.

47°34′02″N 101°25′50″W / 47.56722°N 101.43056°W / 47.56722; -101.43056


title: Eosentomon pacificum

abstract: Eosentomon pacificum is a species of proturan in the family Eosentomidae. It is found in Southern Asia.

text:
# Eosentomon pacificum

***Eosentomon pacificum*** is a species of proturan in the family Eosentomidae. It is found in Southern Asia.

## InfoBox

| *Eosentomon pacificum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Order: | Protura |
| Family: | Eosentomidae |
| Genus: | *Eosentomon* |
| Species: | ***E. pacificum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eosentomon pacificum***<br>Imadaté & Yosii, 1959 | |
|


title: Forrest Molinari

abstract: Forrest Ann Molinari is an American freestyle wrestler. She won one of the bronze medals in the women's 65 kg event at the 2021 World Wrestling Championships held in Oslo, Norway. She is a four-time medalist, including three gold medals, at the Pan American Wrestling Championships.

text:
# Forrest Molinari

**Forrest Ann Molinari** (born September 4, 1995) is an American freestyle wrestler. She won one of the bronze medals in the women's 65 kg event at the 2021 World Wrestling Championships held in Oslo, Norway. She is a four-time medalist, including three gold medals, at the Pan American Wrestling Championships.

## Career

Molinari competed in the women's 67 kg event at the 2015 World Junior Wrestling Championships held in Salvador da Bahia, Brazil. At the 2017 Pan American Wrestling Championships held in Lauro de Freitas, Brazil, she won one of the bronze medals in the women's 69 kg event.

Molinari competed in the women's freestyle event of the Wrestling World Cup in 2017, 2018 and 2019. In 2018, she lost her bronze medal match in the women's 65 kg event at the Klippan Lady Open in Klippan, Sweden. A few months later, Molinari won the gold medal in this event at the 2018 Pan American Wrestling Championships held in Lima, Peru. She lost her bronze medal match in both the women's 65 kg event at the 2018 World Wrestling Championships held in Budapest, Hungary and in the same event at the 2019 World Wrestling Championships held in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. In 2019, Molinari defeated Maya Nelson in the women's 65 kg event at the Final X: Rutgers event held in Piscataway, New Jersey, United States. A month later, she won the gold medal in the women's 65 kg event at the 2019 Yasar Dogu Tournament held in Istanbul, Turkey.

In 2020, at the Golden Grand Prix Ivan Yarygin held in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, she won one of the bronze medals in the women's 68 kg event.

In January 2021, Molinari won the silver medal in the women's 68 kg event at the Grand Prix de France Henri Deglane held in Nice, France. In June 2021, she won one of the bronze medals in the women's 68 kg event at the 2021 Poland Open held in Warsaw, Poland. A few months later, Molinari won one of the bronze medals in the women's 65 kg event at the World Wrestling Championships held in Oslo, Norway. She defeated Maryia Mamashuk of Belarus in her bronze medal match.

In January 2022, Molinari won the silver medal in the women's 65 kg event at the Golden Grand Prix Ivan Yarygin held in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. In February 2022, she won the gold medal in the women's 65 kg event at the Yasar Dogu Tournament held in Istanbul, Turkey. Molinari won the gold medal in her event at the 2022 Pan American Wrestling Championships held in Acapulco, Mexico.

Molinari won one of the bronze medals in the women's 68 kg event at the Grand Prix de France Henri Deglane 2023 held in Nice, France. She won the gold medal in her event at the 2023 Ibrahim Moustafa Tournament held in Alexandria, Egypt. A few months later, Molinari also won the gold medal in her event at the 2023 Pan American Wrestling Championships held in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Molinari won the gold medal in the women's 68 kg event at the 2023 Pan American Games held in Santiago, Chile. She defeated Soleymi Caraballo of Venezuela in her gold medal match.

She won the silver medal in her event at the 2024 Grand Prix Zagreb Open held in Zagreb, Croatia.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Location | Result | Event |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2017 | Pan American Wrestling Championships | Lauro de Freitas, Brazil | 3rd | Freestyle 69 kg |
| 2018 | Pan American Wrestling Championships | Lima, Peru | 1st | Freestyle 65 kg |
| 2021 | World Championships | Oslo, Norway | 3rd | Freestyle 65 kg |
| 2022 | Pan American Wrestling Championships | Acapulco, Mexico | 1st | Freestyle 65 kg |
| 2023 | Pan American Wrestling Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 1st | Freestyle 68 kg |
| | Pan American Games | Santiago, Chile | 1st | Freestyle 68 kg |

## InfoBox

Forrest Molinari
| Molinari at the 2021 World Wrestling Championships in Oslo, Norway | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Forrest Ann Molinari |
| Born | (1995-09-04) September 4, 1995 |
| Sport | |
| Country | United States |
| Sport | Amateur wrestling |
| Weight class | * 65 kg * 68 kg |
| Event | Freestyle |
| Club | Hawkeye Wrestling Club |
| Medal record      Women's freestyle wrestling   Representing   United States   World Championships   2021 Oslo  65 kg  Pan American Games   2023 Santiago  68 kg  Pan American Championships   2018 Lima  65 kg  2022 Acapulco  65 kg  2023 Buenos Aires  68 kg  2017 Lauro de Freitas  69 kg  Yasar Dogu Tournament  2019 Istanbul 65 kg  2022 Istanbul 65 kg  Golden Grand Prix Ivan Yarygin   2022 Krasnoyarsk  65 kg  2020 Krasnoyarsk  68 kg | |