title: Reimar Oltmanns

abstract:
Reimar Oltmanns is a well-known journalist and author in Germany. From 1970 to 1972 he was the spokesman for Peter von Oertzen, Minister of Culture for the Lower Saxony region. Until 1970, Reimar Oltmanns was involved in various capacities with the Lower Saxony Young Democrats; afterwards he became President of this youth organisation, closely linked at this time to the FDP. He was a delegate to the regional and national congresses of the FDP and sat on the regional committee, without voting rights.
The regional committee of the FDP party, with right wing politicians as well as deported German nationals were in dispute with the young democrats who they considered too close to the left wing opposition. Together with twenty leaders of the Young Democrats, Oltmanns rejoined the SPD. He learned his journalistic profession with the newspapers "Cuxhavener Zeitung" and "Hannoversche Presse". At the start of the 1970s he wrote from Hanover for the "Frankfurter Rundschau" and later from Bonn for "Stern". At the same time he also wrote for "Stern" on German politics, and as chief editor on "Special Themes". His influential teachers and mentors him wehe the professors Peter von Oertzen (*1929+2008) and Peter Brückner (*1922+1982) and the seniors editors, Karl-Hermann Flach (*1929+1973) of the Frankfurter Rundschau and Arnim von Manikowsky (*1928+2007) by Stern magazine n Hamburg. In July 1977, Reimar Oltmanns (text) et John Kubicek (illustration) won first prize in a national competition under the theme of "30 years of Human Rights." Their entry, "So the burning of the Reichstag will never happen again" showed a wall of flames devouring the books of fundamental law. 25 years later, "Stern" magazine chose articles written by Reimar Oltmanns for their special editions dedicated to "The best reporting of 1977". The series of articles were written from Latin America on the subjects of torture, assassinations and concentration camps. In March 1979, Reimar, together with Peter Koch, received the Egon-Erwin-Kisch Prize 1978, awarded by the established youth magazines "Elan" and "die roten Blätter" and supported by the German Democratic Republic. The prize was awarded for their articles on freedom published in "Stern". This series of articles criticised the systematic development of electronic monitoring by the State, the exclusion and professional disqualification of those who deviated from the dominant thought. In 1979, Reimar Oltmanns left the Hamburg-based magazine and became a freelance journalist and writer, reporting for "Spiegel" as well as "Der Zeit". In 1981, Reimar testified at the Hamburg High Court in the "trial of press coverage" ("Titelblattprozess") during which the feminist Alice Schwarzer accused the editor of the Stern, Henri Nannen, of censorship and of representing women like simple sex objects. Reimar Oltmanns testified in favor of Alice Schwarzer, editor of Emma, from his inside knowledge of Stern. After having gone to live in Frankfurt-on-Main, he continued to write for newspapers and magazines and published several books. He was in the years 1984/85, the editor of the magazine Auftritt in the Rhine-Hand area. In 1990, he moved Bologna (Italy) and since 1992-2009 has lived in France. Reimar Oltmanns lives now in Innsbruck (Austria). In recognition of his socially descriptions and books contributed to Reimar Oltmanns on 16 July 2009 in the Golden book of his hometown Schöningen. Since 12 January 2012 he is a supporting member outdoors Radio Helsinki in Graz/Styria; since 2013 as a writer in Innsbruck. Two years later he moved to Germany in the Holstein Switzerland back. He also reported from Latin America, Africa and Eastern Europe. In Western Europe, particularly in Italy and France, he wrote documentary articles about society and about travel.

text:
# Reimar Oltmanns

**Reimar Oltmanns** (born 1949 in Schöningen, West Germany) is a well-known journalist and author in Germany.

From 1970 to 1972 he was the spokesman for Peter von Oertzen, Minister of Culture for the Lower Saxony region.

Until 1970, Reimar Oltmanns was involved in various capacities with the Lower Saxony Young Democrats; afterwards he became President of this youth organisation, closely linked at this time to the FDP. He was a delegate to the regional and national congresses of the FDP and sat on the regional committee, without voting rights. The regional committee of the FDP party, with right wing politicians as well as deported German nationals were in dispute with the young democrats who they considered too close to the left wing opposition. Together with twenty leaders of the Young Democrats, Oltmanns rejoined the SPD.

He learned his journalistic profession with the newspapers "Cuxhavener Zeitung" and "Hannoversche Presse". At the start of the 1970s he wrote from Hanover for the "Frankfurter Rundschau" and later from Bonn for "Stern". At the same time he also wrote for "Stern" on German politics, and as chief editor on "Special Themes".

His influential teachers and mentors him wehe the professors Peter von Oertzen (\*1929+2008) and Peter Brückner (\*1922+1982) and the seniors editors, Karl-Hermann Flach (\*1929+1973) of the Frankfurter Rundschau and Arnim von Manikowsky (\*1928+2007) by Stern magazine n Hamburg.

In July 1977, Reimar Oltmanns (text) et John Kubicek (illustration) won first prize in a national competition under the theme of "30 years of Human Rights." Their entry, "So the burning of the Reichstag will never happen again" showed a wall of flames devouring the books of fundamental law.

25 years later, "Stern" magazine chose articles written by Reimar Oltmanns for their special editions dedicated to "The best reporting of 1977". The series of articles were written from Latin America on the subjects of torture, assassinations and concentration camps.

In March 1979, Reimar, together with Peter Koch, received the Egon-Erwin-Kisch Prize 1978, awarded by the established youth magazines "Elan" and "die roten Blätter" and supported by the German Democratic Republic. The prize was awarded for their articles on freedom published in "Stern". This series of articles criticised the systematic development of electronic monitoring by the State, the exclusion and professional disqualification of those who deviated from the dominant thought.

In 1979, Reimar Oltmanns left the Hamburg-based magazine and became a freelance journalist and writer, reporting for "Spiegel" as well as "Der Zeit".

In 1981, Reimar testified at the Hamburg High Court in the "trial of press coverage" ("Titelblattprozess") during which the feminist Alice Schwarzer accused the editor of the *Stern*, Henri Nannen, of censorship and of representing women like simple sex objects. Reimar Oltmanns testified in favor of Alice Schwarzer, editor of *Emma*, from his inside knowledge of *Stern*.

After having gone to live in Frankfurt-on-Main, he continued to write for newspapers and magazines and published several books. He was in the years 1984/85, the editor of the magazine *Auftritt* in the Rhine-Hand area. In 1990, he moved Bologna (Italy) and since 1992-2009 has lived in France. Reimar Oltmanns lives now in Innsbruck (Austria). In recognition of his socially descriptions and books contributed to Reimar Oltmanns on 16 July 2009 in the Golden book of his hometown Schöningen. Since 12 January 2012 he is a supporting member outdoors Radio Helsinki in Graz/Styria; since 2013 as a writer in Innsbruck. Two years later he moved to Germany in the Holstein Switzerland back.

He also reported from Latin America, Africa and Eastern Europe. In Western Europe, particularly in Italy and France, he wrote documentary articles about society and about travel.

## Works

* "Ein Lehrer muß die Ehe achten" In Herbert Nagel: "wer will die klügsten kinder? - vorschulerziehung und chancengleichheit", Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek bei Hamburg, Dezember 1973, ISBN 3-499-16837-5
* "Die Würde des Menschen – Folter in unserer Zeit", with Peter Koch, Verlag Gruner + Jahr AG & Co, Hamburg 1977,ISBN 3-570-00061-3
* "SOS – Sicherheit – Ordnung Staatsgewalt – Freiheit in Deutschland", with Peter Koch, Verlag Gruner + Jahr AG & Co, Hamburg 1978, ISBN 3-570-01909-8
* "Du hast keine Chance, aber nutze sie – Eine Jugend steigt aus", Rowohlt Verlag, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1980, ISBN 3-498-05006-0
* "Am Strand von Tunix" dans "Erkundungen in einem unbekannten Land - Sozialreportagen von 1945 bis heute" Friedrich G. Kürbisch (Hrsg.) Verlag J.H.W. Dietz Nachf..Berlin, Bonn 1981, ISBN 3-8012-0060-4
* "Deutschland von übermorgen" in "Aussteigen oder rebellieren - Jugendliche gegen Staat und Gesellschaft" Michael Haller (Hrsg.) Spiegel-Verlag, Hamburg 1981, ISBN 3-499-33014-8
* "Die Krise der Familie." In: Franz Decker (Hrsg.). "Wirklichkeiten Lese- und Arbeitsbuch." Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 1982, ISBN 3-506-28401-0
* "Heimatkunde – Soldaten, Arbeitslose, Verrückte und andere Mitmenschen - Deutsche Reportagen" Eichborn Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-8218-1103-X
* "Du hast keine Chance, aber nutze sie - Eine Jugend steigt aus." In: Werner Lindner (Hrsg.): 1964-2004: "Vierzig Jahre Kinder- und Jugendarbeit in Deutschland: Aufbruch, Aufstieg und neue Ungewissheit." VS Verlag für Sozislwissenschaften/GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 3-531-14620-3
* "Engagiert und ernsthaft, spielerisch und experimentell. Die Wirtschaft der alternativen Szene" in "Wirtschaft im Untergrund" Stephan Burgdorff (Hrsg.) Spiegel-Verlag, Hamburg 1983, ISBN 3-499-33035-0
* "Der Intrigant oder die Machtgier der christlichen Regenten - Vom Hofe der Bonner Operetten-Republik" Eichborn Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1986, ISBN 3-8218-1121-8 (a critique of Ulrich Karger)
* "Möllemänner - oder die opportunistischen Liberalen" Eichborn Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1988, ISBN 3-8218-1122-6
* "Keine normale Figur in der Hütte – Reportagen zur Wendezeit" Athenäum Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1989, ISBN 3-610-08538-X
* "Frauen an die Macht – Protokolle einer Aufbruchsära" Athenäums Programm by anton hain, Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3-445-08551-X
* "Vive la Francaise – Die stille Revolution der Frauen in Frankreich" Rasch und Röhring Verlag, Hamburg 1995, ISBN 3-89136-523-3
* "Gewalt in den Familien. Ein Problem in Frankreich." In: Anita Heiliger: "Männergewalt gegen Frauen beenden." Leske + Budrich Verlag, Wiesbaden 2000, ISBN 3-8100-2652-2
* "Spurensuche auf verbrannter Erde - Reportagen, Berichte, Erzählungen zur Zeitgeschichte - Deutschland, Europa, Südamerika, Asien, Afrika (1969-2009)." Herstellung und Verlag: Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2009,ISBN 978-3-8391-0258-9
* " Kein schöner Land in dieser Zeit. Verlorene Illusionen - Reportagen, Berichte, Porträts, Erzählungen zur Zeitgeschichte. Band 1 (1969-1979)." Books-on-Demand, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8423-3294-2
* " Kein schöner Land in dieser Zeit. Verlorene Illusionen - Reportagen, Berichte, Porträts, Erzählungen zur Zeitgeschichte. Band 2 (1980-2010)." Books-on-Demand, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8423-3313-0
* "Männer-Macht im Treibhaus der Bonner Republik der siebziger Jahre." In: Ursula Kosser "Hammelsprünge - Sex und Macht in der Deutschen Politik" DuMont Buchverlag, Köln 2012, ISBN 978-3-8321-9656-1
* "Reporter-Leben. Keine Zeit für Angst und Tränen. Das Fremde wird nah, die Nähe fremd. Kein Ort - nirgendwo." Autobiografie. tredition-Verlag, Hamburg 2015, Hardcover ISBN 978-3-7323-5491-7, Paperback ISBN 978-3-7323-5490-0
* "Keine Zeit für Wut und Tränen. Das Fremde wird nah, die Nähe fremd." Autobiografie. epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-7450-0420-5
* "Der Kater lässt das Mausen nicht. Wenn der Humor verhungert." In cooperation by Helga Möller-Tallay. epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2018 ISBN 978-3-746736-14-3
* "Kopfsteinpflaster. Reportagen.Porträts aus vier Jahrzehnten. epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2019 ISBN 978-3-750259-21-8
* "Kein Land nirgendwo - verblichen, vergessen, verschollen." Reportagen. epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2020, ISBN 978-3-750259-21-8
* "Melancholie am Nord-Ostsee-Kanal." Essay. epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2021, ISBN 978-3-754155-01-1
* "Keine Zeit für Wut und Tränen. Das Fremde wird nah, die Nähe fremd." Autobiografie. Taschenbuch. Band I. epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2022, (ISBN 978-3-754975-73-2)
* "Keine Zeit für Wut und Tränen. Das Fremde wird nah, die Nähe fremd." Autobiografie. Taschenbuch. Band II. epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2022, (ISBN 978-3-754976-10-4)


title: Pomegranate carved in the round

abstract: Pomegranate carved in the round is an ivory bead shaped like a pomegranate. It is dated to the 8th century B.C. and is attributed to the Assyrian Empire. The ivory bead is currently held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in its collection.

text:
# Pomegranate carved in the round

**Pomegranate carved in the round** is an ivory bead shaped like a pomegranate. It is dated to the 8th century B.C. and is attributed to the Assyrian Empire. The ivory bead is currently held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in its collection.

## Description

The ivory bead is shaped like a pomegranate, an object commonly depicted in Assyrian art. The reddish color of the bead was not intended; rather, the object is stained as a result of being buried in the ruins of Kalhu. A product of the trade routes of the Bronze Age Civilizations, the ivory used in the making of the piece was likely imported from Egypt.

## InfoBox

| Pomegranate carved in the round | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Year | c. 9th–8th century B.C. |
| Medium | Ivory |
| Location | Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City |


title: Neuregulin 4

abstract: Neuregulin 4 also known as NRG4 is a member of the neuregulin protein family which in humans is encoded by the NRG4 gene.

text:
# Neuregulin 4

**Neuregulin 4** also known as **NRG4** is a member of the neuregulin protein family which in humans is encoded by the *NRG4* gene.

## Function

The neuregulins, including NRG4, activate erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ERBB4) to initiating cell signaling through cytosolic tyrosine phosphorylation.

## Clinical significance

Loss of expression of NRG4 is frequently seen in advanced bladder cancer while increased NRG4 expression correlates to better survival.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| NRG4 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | NRG4, HRG4, neuregulin 4 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 610894; MGI: 1933833; HomoloGene: 12921; GeneCards: NRG4; OMA:NRG4 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_138573   NM\_032002   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_612640   NP\_114391   Location (UCSC) Chr 15: 75.94 – 76.06 Mb Chr 9: 55.13 – 55.23 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Victor Nellenbogen

abstract: Victor Hugo Nellenbogen was a Hungarian-American architect known for his Art Deco and Mediterranean Revival designs in Miami Beach during the first half of the 20th century. His notable buildings include the Savoy Plaza Hotel on Ocean Drive, the Lord Tarleton Hotel on 40th and 41st Streets, and the Sterling Building on Lincoln Road. Three renovations of his historic buildings have won the Barbara Baer Capitman Award, given by the Miami Design Preservation League for the "Best of the Best" in architectural historic restorations in Miami Beach.

text:
# Victor Nellenbogen

**Victor Hugo Nellenbogen** (1 May 1888 – 15 November 1959) was a Hungarian-American architect known for his Art Deco and Mediterranean Revival designs in Miami Beach during the first half of the 20th century. His notable buildings include the Savoy Plaza Hotel on Ocean Drive, the Lord Tarleton Hotel on 40th and 41st Streets, and the Sterling Building on Lincoln Road.

Three renovations of his historic buildings have won the Barbara Baer Capitman Award, given by the Miami Design Preservation League for the "Best of the Best" in architectural historic restorations in Miami Beach.

## Notable Miami Beach buildings

## InfoBox

| Victor Nellenbogen | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Victor Nellenbogen
(1888-05-01)1 May 1888
Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | (1959-11-15)15 November 1959
Miami Beach, Florida, United States |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Occupation | Architect |


title: Pakistan cricket spot-fixing scandal

abstract: The Pakistan cricket spot-fixing scandal was a sports scandal that occurred during a Test match between England and Pakistan at Lord's, London, in August 2010. The scandal centered on three members of Pakistan's national cricket team, who were convicted of taking bribes from a bookmaker, Mazhar Majeed, to deliberately bowl no-balls at certain pre-arranged moments during the Test. Undercover reporters from News of the World secretly videotaped Mazhar Majeed accepting money and informing the reporters that Pakistani fast bowlers Asif and Amir would deliberately bowl no-balls at specific points during the game. This information could be used by gamblers to place bets with inside information. In response to these allegations, Scotland Yard arrested Majeed on a charge of match fixing. The International Cricket Council (ICC) banned three Pakistan players - team captain Salman Butt, and the fast bowlers Mohammad Asif and Mohammad Amir — for terms of between 5 and 10 years. In November 2011, Butt and Asif were also found guilty by a London court on criminal charges relating to spot-fixing. Amir and Majeed had entered guilty pleas on the same charges. All four were given prison sentences, ranging from six months to 32 months.

text:
# Pakistan cricket spot-fixing scandal

Mohammad Amir (left), Mohammad Asif (centre) and Salman Butt (right) were banned by International Cricket Council for 5 years from international and domestic cricket.

The **Pakistan cricket spot-fixing scandal** was a sports scandal that occurred during a Test match between England and Pakistan at Lord's, London, in August 2010. The scandal centered on three members of Pakistan's national cricket team, who were convicted of taking bribes from a bookmaker, Mazhar Majeed, to deliberately bowl no-balls at certain pre-arranged moments during the Test.

Undercover reporters from *News of the World* secretly videotaped Mazhar Majeed accepting money and informing the reporters that Pakistani fast bowlers Asif and Amir would deliberately bowl no-balls at specific points during the game. This information could be used by gamblers to place bets with inside information (i.e. spot-fixing).

In response to these allegations, Scotland Yard arrested Majeed on a charge of match fixing. The International Cricket Council (ICC) banned three Pakistan players - team captain Salman Butt, and the fast bowlers Mohammad Asif and Mohammad Amir — for terms of between 5 and 10 years. In November 2011, Butt and Asif were also found guilty by a London court on criminal charges relating to spot-fixing. Amir and Majeed had entered guilty pleas on the same charges. All four were given prison sentences, ranging from six months to 32 months.

## Context and history

In May 2010, Shahid Afridi was appointed captain of Pakistan for the series against Australia. After Pakistan lost the first Test against Australia, Afridi announced his resignation as captain. This led to Butt being appointed as Test captain.

While in July 2010, the ICC Anti Corruption and Security Unit served notices to two unnamed players seeking information into allegations of spot and match fixing. These notices were sent out to the players following England's first 2010 Test Match against Pakistan, at Nottingham. The notices informed the players that the ACSU was seeking certain information and gave the pair 14 days to respond.

## Sting operation

In August 2010, reporters from *News of the World* established contact with Mazhar Majeed, a sports agent who was suspected of involvement in match-fixing. In the video posted by *News of the World*, Majeed, counting out the bribe money, predicted that Amir would be bowling the third over in the fourth test at Lord's, and that the first ball of the over would be a no-ball delivery. Amir did bowl the third over, and on his first delivery from the over, bowled a no-ball delivery. Commentary described the delivery as an "enormous no-ball, good half a metre over the line". Majeed also predicted that the sixth delivery of the tenth over would be a no-ball, and that ball, delivered by Asif, was also a no-ball delivery.

Yawar Saeed, the Pakistan team manager, declined to call for the resignation of team captain Salman Butt, implicated in the scandal. PCB president Ijaz Butt maintained that the players were innocent. At the same time, former Pakistan captain Rashid Latif suggested that the spot-fixing controversy might be a set-up and that the leaked video contained a certain number of ambiguities. Iqbal Mohammad Ali, a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan and chairman of the standing committee on sports, called for the removal of the players in question from the team.

## Professional bans

Salman Butt, Mohammad Asif and Mohammad Amir were each named in the *News of the World* investigation. All three players maintained their innocence of the charges levelled against them, but were suspended from playing pending an investigation by the International Cricket Council, which determined that they "had an arguable case to answer", on 4 September 2010.

Wajid Shamsul Hasan, the Pakistani High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, claimed that the players had been "set up" and were innocent of the charges. He condemned the ICC decision.

Butt subsequently filed an appeal to have his suspension lifted. Asif and Amir followed suit and the ICC announced that a hearing would be held in Qatar on 30 and 31 October. The interior ministry announced that the passports of the three cricketers had been given back to them so that they could travel to Qatar. Seven days before the appeal began Mohammad Asif announced that he had withdrawn his appeal because he wanted to understand the charges against him. Butt and Amir announced that their appeals were to continue. The ICC moved the hearing to the UAE. Salman Butt announced that he hoped the appeals would be completed quickly so that he could make a swift return to international cricket and participate in the series against South Africa in October 2010. Their initial appeal against the suspension was rejected on 31 October 2010. Butt and Amir hit out at the ICC saying that, although the ruling went against them, they weren't informed of the reasons for the decision.

A tribunal to decide the fates of the players was held in January 2011 The panel comprised Michael Beloff, Albie Sachs and Sharad Rao – all with previous experience in sporting trials. Butt and Amir objected to the selection of Beloff, contending that, as the head of the ICC disciplinary committee, he had a conflict of interest in favour of the ICC over the three cricketers. This was shown, they claimed, when he voted against lifting their suspensions. Butt's lawyer, Aftab Gul, withdrew from the case because he doubted his client would receive justice. The ICC also said that because the story was broken by *News of the World*, its reporters would feature in the case. A decision was deferred to 5 February 2011.

On 5 February 2011, it was announced that the ICC had banned all three players—Butt for ten years, of which five were suspended, Asif for seven years, of which two were suspended, and Amir for five years. The suspension of sentences for Butt and Asif were conditional on each "\[committing\] no further breach of the code and...\[participating\] under the auspices of the Pakistan Cricket Board in a programme of anti-corruption education". All three players were allowed to file an appeal with the Court of Arbitration for Sport.

In response to the announcement, *The Independent* said that "the game was at last standing up to its responsibilities," while *The Guardian* claimed that "the urgency to deliver a fierce deterrent to players everywhere has outweighed the need to make the punishment fit the crime."

## Criminal investigation

As a result of the newspaper report, Scotland Yard announced the same day that they had arrested Majeed on suspicion of conspiracy to defraud bookmakers. Two days later, after the Test match had been completed, three more arrests were made (two unidentified men and an unidentified woman) on suspicion of money laundering in connection with the allegations. Police also seized the cell phones of Asif, Amir, and Salman Butt as part of their investigations. Scotland Yard announced on 17 September 2010 that the initial file of the investigation had been passed on to the Crown Prosecution Service for them to decide whether to charge the players or not. On 5 November 2010 Scotland Yard announced that they had passed on the second file of fixing evidence to the Crown Prosecution Service. This moved the case one step closer to the courts.

On 1 November 2011, at Southwark Crown Court, Majeed, Asif, Amir and Butt were found guilty of conspiracy to cheat at gambling and conspiracy to accept corrupt payments. Majeed and Amir were convicted following guilty pleas. The judge, Jeremy Cooke, rejected a plea in mitigation from Amir that he had been involved in spot-fixing on only one occasion, on the grounds that the contents of text messages submitted as evidence suggested otherwise.

The convictions were broadly accepted and welcomed within the world of cricket. Former Pakistan captain Aamer Sohail spoke of a "shameful" day for Pakistani cricket, adding "this is what happens when you don't react quickly enough to fight corruption". Former Pakistan Cricket Board chair Khalid Mehmood described the case as "an example for cricket in the future".

On 3 November 2011, jail terms were handed down of 2 years 6 months for Butt, 1 year for Asif, 6 months for Amir and 2 years 8 months for Majeed.

## Reactions

Then-Australia captain Ricky Ponting expressed concern over the addition of an Australian victory against Pakistan to a list of more than 80 previous matches under investigation. The match was scrutinized but was soon cleared due to lack of evidence. Australia won the match, despite a large first-innings deficit.

### Football

#### Croydon Athletic F.C.

Croydon Athletic F.C. was bought in 2008 by Mazhar Majeed. The football club was investigated by HM Revenues and Customs due to allegations that Majeed had been using the club for money-laundering purposes. Majeed had been recorded by an undercover journalist stating that was the only reason he had bought the club. This led to the manager and his assistant leaving the club after a match on 4 September 2010. Less than a month later on 2 October, the club's chairman David Le Cluse was found dead in a garage in Sutton with a bullet wound to his head. In February 2011, a verdict of suicide was recorded at Croydon Coroner's Court.

## Other investigations

After the spot-fixing scandal emerged Pakistan registered a victory against England in the third ODI and the ICC announced the match was under investigation due to suspicious behaviour. The ICC carried out a thorough investigation and the Pakistani team and players were given the all-clear to continue playing. Speculation about fixing in the third-ODI ended as the investigation closed.

### 2010 ICC World Twenty20

The ICC announced that a match between South Africa and Pakistan on 10 May 2010 was under investigation for spot-fixing. The ICC anti-corruption unit stated that two players had been questioned and that more details would be given in the next 24 hours. Pakistan won the toss and elected to Bat. In the end, Pakistan won the match by beating South Africa comfortably.

## Further allegations (Hameed and Haider)

Pakistani cricketer, Yasir Hameed denied the allegations published in *News of the World* that he had turned down a bookmaker's offer of £100,000 to help fix a Test. Hameed had allegedly told the newspaper that "almost every match" was fixed and criticised the players involved. Yasir Hameed denied the allegations, saying that he thought he was talking to a potential sponsor, and only stated what he read on the news. In November 2010, wicketkeeper Zulqarnain Haider left the Pakistani cricket team before their fifth and decisive one-day game against South Africa, and flew from Dubai (where the series was being held) to London's Heathrow Airport. Haider asked for asylum and claimed that he had been threatened to throw the game. Haider's Pakistani stipend was suspended by the Pakistani Cricket Board. The board expressed disappointment that Haider had left the team and flown to London instead of reporting the threats to the PCB and the ICC's anti-corruption unit.


abstract: The University of Pennsylvania College of Arts & Sciences (CAS) is the oldest undergraduate college at the University of Pennsylvania, a private Ivy League university, situated on the university's main campus in University City, Philadelphia. The college traces its roots to the establishment of a secondary school known as Unnamed Charity School in 1740. In 1749, Benjamin Franklin and twenty-one leading citizens of Philadelphia officially founded a secondary school named the Academy of Philadelphia. In 1755, the secondary school was expanded to include a collegiate division known as the College of Philadelphia. The secondary and collegiate institutions were known collectively as The Academy and College of Philadelphia. The college received its charter from Thomas Penn and Richard Penn. Penn CAS is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of Pennsylvania and the sixth-oldest chartered college in the United States. Penn is distinctive for its comprehensive "One University Policy," which allows students to enroll in classes in any of Penn's twelve schools, including the law school and the Wharton School.

text:
# University of Pennsylvania College of Arts & Sciences

The **University of Pennsylvania College of Arts & Sciences** (**CAS**) is the oldest undergraduate college at the University of Pennsylvania, a private Ivy League university, situated on the university's main campus in University City, Philadelphia. The college traces its roots to the establishment of a secondary school known as **Unnamed Charity School** in 1740. In 1749, Benjamin Franklin and twenty-one leading citizens of Philadelphia officially founded a secondary school named the Academy of Philadelphia. In 1755, the secondary school was expanded to include a collegiate division known as the **College of Philadelphia**. The secondary and collegiate institutions were known collectively as **The Academy and College of Philadelphia**. The college received its charter from Thomas Penn and Richard Penn. Penn CAS is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of Pennsylvania and the sixth-oldest chartered college in the United States.

Penn is distinctive for its comprehensive "One University Policy," which allows students to enroll in classes in any of Penn's twelve schools, including the law school and the Wharton School.

## History

The College of Arts & Sciences was preceded by two schools, the Charity School and the Academy of Philadelphia. Initially organized by the founder of Methodism, George Whitefield, as "Charity School," a secondary school known as "Academy of Philadelphia" was eventually founded by Benjamin Franklin in 1749, and was expanded to include a collegiate division known as "College of Philadelphia" in 1755 when it obtained a charter from Thomas Penn and Richard Penn in 1755. Due in part to the influence of early Methodism's religious leaders, the college was based in George Whitfield's "New Building", on Ninth Street in Center City, Philadelphia.

Benjamin Franklin served as the institution's first president until 1755, and continued to serve as a trustee until his death in 1790. Unlike other Colonial American colleges at the time, which educated young men for the Christian Ministry, the college was innovative in that it was founded as a nonsectarian institution meant to train students for leadership in business, government and public service. However, Penn's first Provost, William Smith, turned the curriculum back to religious channels after succeeding Franklin. The first class graduated in 1757.

In 1765, John Morgan, a graduate of the Class of 1757, established a medical college at the school, now known as the Perelman School of Medicine, which was the first medical school in the United States.

By the beginning of the American Revolutionary War, the college had already educated some of the nation's foremost political leaders, including James Wilson, Founding Father and the first Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; Francis Hopkinson, Founding Father and the first judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania under General George Washington; and Hugh Williamson, Founding Father, and author of several of the *Letters of Sylvia*.

With the successful Treaty of Paris in 1783, the domestic situation was stable enough for the college to resume classes. The college was briefly chartered as a state institution and earned its current name, the University of Pennsylvania, when the university was made private in 1791.

Having been home to the Continental Congress in College Hall since 1778, the college moved to the President's House on Ninth and Chestnut Streets in 1802.

Under the leadership of Provost Charles Janeway Stille in 1872, Penn relocated a second time to Almshouse farm west of Philadelphia's Schulykill River, its present site. Over the next two decades, the university began re-orienteering itself to Benjamin Franklin's original aims of discovery and invention, with the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences being founded in 1882, and the first Ph.D. in Physics award in 1889 under the provostship of William Pepper.

Transforming itself into a modern research institution, the university established a number of professional schools, including the Law School in 1850, the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences in 1852, and the School of Dentistry in 1878. The world's first, collegiate school of business, the Wharton School was founded in 1881 by an endowment from Joseph Wharton. The School of Veterinary Medicine and the School of Design were subsequently founded in 1884 and 1890, respectively.

Penn was also a leader in educational accessibility, and embraced the diversity of America during this period. Among the Ivy League Universities, it was one of the first to admit students of color in 1879. Women were admitted to the graduate school since 1882, and the first women undergraduates at Penn were enrolled with the establishment of the School of Education in 1914.

## Academics

### Curriculum

The College of Arts and Sciences is known for its rigorous liberal arts curriculum, a series of mandatory classes and distribution requirements that form the heart of the college students' academic experience. The General Education Curriculum is based on the following:

| Course | Semesters Required |
| --- | --- |
| *Foundational Approach - Writing*
A year-long intensive seminar that develops students' writing skills, taken in the freshman year. | 1 |
| *Foundational Approach - Foreign Language*
A distribution requirement intended to instill at least an intermediate level of a foreign language. | 4 |
| *Foundational Approach - Quantitative Data Analysis*
A course in mathematical or statistical analysis of quantitative data. | 1 |
| *Foundational Approach - Formal Reasoning and Analysis*
A course that focuses on deductive reasoning and the formal structure of human thought. | 1 |
| *Foundational Approach - Cross-Cultural Analysis*
A course that inculcates in the students the ability to understand and interpret the cultures of peoples with histories different from their own. | 1 |
| *Foundational Approach - Cultural Diversity in the U.S.*
A course that develops students' ability to examine issue of diversity with a focus on race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, class and religion. | 1 |
| *Sector of Knowledge - I. Society*
A distributional requirement designed to instill structure and norms of contemporary human society. | 1 |
| *Sector of Knowledge - II. History and Tradition*
A distribution requirement focusing on studies of continuity and change in human thought, belief and action. | 1 |
| *Sector of Knowledge - III. Arts and Letters*
A distribution requirement encompassing the means and meaning of visual arts, literature and music. | 1 |
| *Sector of Knowledge - IV. Humanities and Social Sciences*
A distribution requirement combining methods and approaches of works in the humanities and the social sciences. | 1 |
| *Sector of Knowledge - V. Living World*
A distribution requirement dealing with the evolution, development, structure and function of living systems. | 1 |
| *Sector of Knowledge - VI. Physical World*
A distribution requirement focusing on the methodology and concepts of physical science. | 1 |
| *Sector of Knowledge - VII. Natural Sciences and Mathematics*
A distributional requirement focusing on diverse approaches to the natural sciences and mathematics. | 1 |

The foreign language requirement, however, may be skipped if the student passes a placement exam or demonstrates an acceptance standard of proficiency. Most students graduate within four years with a Bachelor of Arts degree, although 20% of students enroll in one of Penn's most selective dual degree programs with The Wharton School (B.A - B.S. in economics), Penn Law (B.A. - J.D.), The School of Nursing (B.A. - B.S.N.) or the Engineering School (B.A. - B.S.).

## Campus

The college's facilities are located on the University of Pennsylvania's University City campus, especially in College Hall, which houses its administrative and admissions offices.

Van Pelt Library, the University of Pennsylvania's main library, is home to more than 2,481,000 volumes, 13,000 current serial subscriptions, and approximately 1.5 million microforms. The collection of the University of Pennsylvania Library System consists of more than 6.19 million volumes held in 15 specialized libraries as well as a digital library.

Students at the Penn College of Arts & Sciences are guaranteed campus housing for four years. Residence halls, which also house undergraduate students of Penn's Wharton School, Nursing School and Engineering School are either located on the University City Campus. Freshmen are housed on the historic main quad, which was built in 1894.

All first-year students, including transfer students, are required to enroll in a residential dining plan, which offers all-you-can-eat meals in Penn's five dining halls: the 1920 Commons, Hill House Commons, English House Commons, Mcclelland Express, and New College House Commons.

## Governance

The college is a school within the Penn School of Arts & Sciences (SAS). Professor Steven J. Fluharty is the Dean of the School since July 2013 and was reappointed for a second term which he will serve until 2025. Professor Dennis DeTurck stepped down as Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences in Fall 2017 and was succeeded by Professor Paul D. Sniegowski. After Professor Sniegowski moved to become the President of Earlham College in August 2024, Professor Peter Struck became the new Dean. The college student body elects representatives to the undergraduate council, which comprises members from each of the four undergraduate schools at the University of Pennsylvania.

## Noted people

Many eminent individuals have attended or taught at the College of Arts & Sciences or the academy and College of Philadelphia, its predecessor. Among prominent College people were Founding Fathers of the United States Benjamin Franklin, James Wilson, Benjamin Rush, George Clymer, Robert Morris, Francis Hopkinson and Thomas McKean. Other important figures include Presidents William Henry Harrison and Donald Trump, Supreme Court Justice Owen Roberts, Academy Award Winner John Legend, NBC News Chief Foreign Affairs Correspondent Andrea Mitchell and Tesla Founder Elon Musk.

39°57′N 75°11′W / 39.95°N 75.19°W / 39.95; -75.19

## InfoBox

University of Pennsylvania College of Arts & Sciences
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Private undergraduate college |
| Established | 1740 (1740) |
| Parent institution | University of Pennsylvania |
| Dean | Peter Struck |
| Undergraduates | 6,400 (Fall 2018) |
| Location | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
| Website | www.college.upenn.edu |


title: Needle Point (Oregon)

abstract: Needle Point is a mountain summit located in Union County, Oregon, US.

text:
# Needle Point (Oregon)

**Needle Point** is a mountain summit located in Union County, Oregon, US.

## Description

Needle Point is located in the Wallowa Mountains and is set within the Eagle Cap Wilderness, on land managed by Wallowa–Whitman National Forest. The remote 9,018-foot elevation (2,749 m) peak ranks as the 50th-highest mountain in Oregon. The peak is situated 3.5 miles southwest of line parent Eagle Cap. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains north to Minam River via Pop Creek, and south into headwaters of Eagle Creek. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,600 feet (790 meters) above Eagle Creek in one mile. This landform's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Needle Point is located in a subarctic climate zone characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −10 °F with wind chill factors below −20 °F. Most precipitation in the area is caused by orographic lift. Thunderstorms are common in the summer.

## InfoBox

| Needle Point | |
| --- | --- |
| Northeast aspect, centered at top | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 9,018 ft (2,749 m) |
| Prominence | 1,458 ft (444 m) |
| Parent peak | Eagle Cap (9,577 ft) |
| Isolation | 3.47 mi (5.58 km) |
| Coordinates | 45°07′39″N 117°21′08″W / 45.127418°N 117.352214°W / 45.127418; -117.352214 |
| Geography | |
| Needle PointLocation in OregonNeedle PointNeedle Point (the United States) | |
| Location | Eagle Cap Wilderness |
| Country | United States of America |
| State | Oregon |
| County | Union |
| Parent range | Wallowa Mountains |
| Topo map | USGS *Eagle Cap* |


title: The Honky Problem

abstract: The Honky Problem is a 1991 animated short film by Mike Judge. It features an original character, Inbred Jed, who is playing with his country music band somewhere in the desert by a trailer for a small audience of American white trash. Like Mike Judge's early Beavis and Butt-Head shorts, the film was funded by Spike and Mike and shown on MTV's Liquid Television in the early 1990s. The cartoon is also available on Spike and Mike's Sick and Twisted Festival of Animation Volume One VHS.

text:
# The Honky Problem

***The Honky Problem*** is a 1991 animated short film by Mike Judge. It features an original character, Inbred Jed, who is playing with his country music band somewhere in the desert by a trailer for a small audience of American white trash.

Like Mike Judge's early Beavis and Butt-Head shorts, the film was funded by Spike and Mike and shown on MTV's *Liquid Television* in the early 1990s. The cartoon is also available on Spike and Mike's Sick and Twisted Festival of Animation Volume One VHS.

## Plot

*The Honky Problem* opens with Inbred Jed, a very emotional hillbilly, and his band The Little Bottom Boys (consisting of an upright bass player, steel guitar player, and himself on guitar), playing a honky tonk outdoors concert for a small group of similar white trash citizens in a Texas trailer park. Jed introduces himself and the band, bringing himself to tears explaining how good it is to be there, playing a concert. He performs one of his songs, "Long-Legged Woman".

After the song is finished, Jed tearfully proclaims how much he loves the song he just played, and performs it again. During the encore, a narrator warns the viewers that what they have just seen is real, and could have been avoided. The narrator further urges viewers to check the Mormon church that they and their spouse are not related before having children, reminding everyone that "inbreeding is everybody's problem".

## In other media

One character in the film, the one who yells "Play some Skynyrd, man!", was later named Dave and appeared in a few early *Beavis and Butt-Head* episodes, most notably the episode "Way Down Mexico Way" and "The Butt-head Experience".

The character Inbred Jed's only other appearance was in the opening titles for the first *Beavis and Butt-Head* short, *Frog Baseball*. Before the cartoon starts, there's an "Inbred Jed's Homemade Cartoons" title card styled like the MGM logo with country-western music playing and Inbred Jed giving a somewhat evil hillbilly cackle, animated similarly from the short's closing shot.

## InfoBox

| The Honky Problem | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Mike Judge |
| Written by | Mike Judge |
| Produced by | Mike Judge
Cesca Judge
Dan Dudley |
| Starring | Mike Judge |
| Edited by | Mike Judge |
| Music by | Mike Judge |
| Distributed by | Spike and Mike |
| Release date | * 1991 (1991) |
| Running time | 1:49 |
| Country | United States |


title: Kick (video game)

abstract: Kick is an action video game where the player controls a clown on a unicycle catching falling balloons and Pac-Man characters on the clown's hat. It was released in arcades by Midway in 1981. The game was later renamed Kick Man. Commodore published a Commodore 64 port in 1982 without the space in the title as Kickman.

text:
# Kick (video game)

***Kick*** is an action video game where the player controls a clown on a unicycle catching falling balloons and *Pac-Man* characters on the clown's hat. It was released in arcades by Midway in 1981. The game was later renamed ***Kick Man*** (sometimes written as ***Kick-Man***). Commodore published a Commodore 64 port in 1982 without the space in the title as ***Kickman***.

## Gameplay

The player controls a clown on a unicycle who moves left and right along the bottom of the screen. Balloons dislodge from several rows at the top and fall. The goal is to catch them on the clown's hat. As the stack of caught balloons grows taller, it becomes more difficult to catch them on the first try. If a balloon falls below the top of the stack, pressing the "kick" button when near the clown's feet launches it back into the air. The main character and ghosts from *Pac-Man* sometimes stand-in for balloons, having different effects. If an object hits the ground, then the player loses a life.

*Kick* also has a bonus stage.

## Development

The development of *Kick* was described in a 1982 *Time* magazine article. The game started out as a 1978 black-and-white prototype called *Catch 40*, where a little man ran back and forth trying to catch falling objects on his head. However, early tests showed that the game grew too difficult too quickly, as the objects fell faster than the player could catch them. The game then went through a period of stagnation.

Eventually, the little man character was redesigned as a clown on a unicycle. Hank Ross, one of Midway's founders, introduced a mechanic where the clown could kick missed balloons back into the air. The stages were also differentiated: on the first rack, the clown could pop balloons with a spike on his hat, whereas on subsequent levels, balloons would accumulate on his head, reducing the distance they needed to fall and increasing the game's speed. Additionally, hazardous objects thrown at the player character were added: these were initially anvils, but as the idea of thrown anvils was deemed unrealistic, they were replaced with bombs. According to the *Time* article, in later stages the balloons would be replaced by other falling objects such as flowers, hats and beach balls (however, these objects do not actually appear in the final game). At Hank Ross's suggestion, the characters from *Pac-Man* were added as collectable objects in the game, to give *Kick* a memorable quirk.

A sneak preview at a local arcade indicated that the game took too long to play and did not generate sufficient revenue. To remedy this, the development team slightly increased the fall speed of the balloons.

## Ports

In 1982, an Atari 2600 version of the game was commissioned by Midway as part of a planned attempt at entering the home video game market. Ultimately deciding against it, Midway sold the port to CBS Electronics, where, despite being nearly complete, it was cancelled for unknown reasons. In 2019, a prototype cartridge was discovered and the ROM was released online.

## Reception

*Electronic Games* wrote in 1983 that the game had been unsuccessful despite "top-notch background graphics and special sounds for effects. Can you imagine a game featuring Pac-Man that *didn't* make it? *Kick Man* is it." The Commodore 64 version was somewhat better received, gaining a Certificate of Merit in the category of "1984 Best Arcade-to-Home Video Game/Computer Game Translation" at the 5th annual Arkie Awards.

## Legacy

Utopia Software published a clone called *Pinhead* for the Atari 8-bit family in 1982.

## InfoBox

| Kick / Kick Man | |
| --- | --- |
| The C64 port uses an alternate spelling. | |
| Developer(s) | Midway |
| Publisher(s) | Midway (arcade)<br>Commodore (C64) |
| Designer(s) | John Pasierb |
| Composer(s) | Earl Vickers |
| Platform(s) | Arcade, Commodore 64 |
| Release | * NA: December 1981 1982: C64 |
| Genre(s) | Action |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |
| Arcade system | Midway MCR-I |


title: Here Today, Here Tomorrow

abstract: "Here Today, Here Tomorrow" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist George Fox. It was released in 1991 as the third single from his third studio album, Spice of Life. It peaked at number 10 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in April 1992.

text:
# Here Today, Here Tomorrow

"**Here Today, Here Tomorrow**" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist George Fox. It was released in 1991 as the third single from his third studio album, *Spice of Life*. It peaked at number 10 on the *RPM* Country Tracks chart in April 1992.

## Chart performance

| Chart (1991–1992) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 10 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1992) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 98 |

## InfoBox

| "Here Today, Here Tomorrow" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by George Fox | |
| from the album  *Spice of Life* | |
| Released | 1991 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 3:19 |
| Label | WEA |
| Songwriter(s) | Bob DiPiero
John Scott Sherrill
George Fox |
| Producer(s) | Garth Fundis |
| George Fox singles chronology | |
| "I Know Where You Go"
(1991) "**Here Today, Here Tomorrow**"
(1991) "Spice of Life"
(1992) | |


title: Neolydella

abstract: Neolydella is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae.

text:
# Neolydella

***Neolydella*** is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

## Distribution

Madagascar.

## InfoBox

| *Neolydella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tachinidae |
| Subfamily: | Exoristinae |
| Tribe: | Eryciini |
| Genus: | *Neolydella*
Mesnil, 1939 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Lydella (Neolydella) pruinosa*
Mesnil, 1939 | |


title: Victor Nekesa

abstract: Victor Nekesa is a Ugandan physician, military officer and legislator. She represents the Uganda People's Defense Forces (UPDF) in the parliament of Uganda.

text:
# Victor Nekesa

**Victor Nekesa** is a Ugandan physician, military officer and legislator. She represents the Uganda People's Defense Forces (UPDF) in the parliament of Uganda.

## Background and education

Nekesa is a medical doctor by profession. She is also Uganda People's Defense forces (UPDF) officer at the rank of colonel.

She was voted into parliament alongside two other female UPDF officers including Charity Bainababo and Jennifer Alanyo by the defence council. Nekasa got the highest number of votes in the females category.

The defence council also nominated and voted seven men to represent the country's military in the parliament of Uganda.

## Career

Nekesa is a professional soldier and medical doctor. She is a personal physician of Yoweri Kaguta Museveni president of the republic of Uganda.

In parliament, Nekesa serves as a member of the health committee.


title: Palau del Marquès de Lió

abstract: The Palau del Marquès de Lió is a civic building located at number 12 of Montcada street at the Barri de la Ribera district of Barcelona. Throughout its history has been the residence of several local noble families, among which the Marquès de Lió, which today gives its name to the building. It is one of the venues of the Disseny Hub Barcelona and hosts its temporary exhibitions.

text:
# Palau del Marquès de Lió

The **Palau del Marquès de Lió** is a civic building located at number 12 of Montcada street at the Barri de la Ribera district of Barcelona. Throughout its history has been the residence of several local noble families, among which the *Marquès de Lió*, which today gives its name to the building. It is one of the venues of the Disseny Hub Barcelona and hosts its temporary exhibitions.

1. The Palace on City Council's website: Ajuntament de Barcelona Archived 2011-09-01 at the Wayback Machine

41°23′06″N 2°10′51″E / 41.3851°N 2.1809°E / 41.3851; 2.1809


title: Gmina Czarnia

abstract: Gmina Czarnia is a rural gmina in Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Czarnia, which lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-west of Ostrołęka and 127 km (79 mi) north of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of 92.53 square kilometres (35.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,620.

text:
# Gmina Czarnia

**Gmina Czarnia** is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Czarnia, which lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-west of Ostrołęka and 127 km (79 mi) north of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 92.53 square kilometres (35.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,620 (2,756 in 2011).

## Villages

Gmina Czarnia contains the villages and settlements of Bandysie, Brzozowy Kąt, Cupel, Cyk, Czarnia, Długie, Michałowo, Rutkowo and Surowe.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Czarnia is bordered by the gminas of Baranowo, Chorzele, Myszyniec, Rozogi and Wielbark.

## InfoBox

| Gmina Czarnia Czarnia Commune | |
| --- | --- |
| Gmina | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Gmina CzarniaLocation within Poland | |
| Coordinates (Czarnia): 53°21′N 21°13′E / 53.350°N 21.217°E / 53.350; 21.217 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Masovian |
| County | Ostrołęka County |
| Seat | Czarnia |
| Area | |
| Total | 92.53 km2 (35.73 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 2,756 |
| Density | 30/km2 (77/sq mi) |
| Website | www.czarnia.samorzady.pl |


title: Henry B. Hucles III

abstract: Henry Boyd Hucles III was suffragan bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Long Island, serving from his consecration on June 20, 1981, to his death in 1989.

text:
# Henry B. Hucles III

**Henry Boyd Hucles III** (September 21, 1923 – August 4, 1989) was suffragan bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Long Island, serving from his consecration on June 20, 1981, to his death in 1989.

## Biography

Hucles was born in New York City on September 21, 1923, the son of the coach and college administrator Henry B. Hucles, Jr. and Alma Leola Lewis. He was educated in public school in New York City and later graduated from Virginia Union University with a Bachelor of Science in 1943. He then attended Bishop Payne Divinity School, which later merged with Virginia Theological Seminary, and graduated with a Bachelor of Divinity in 1946.

He was ordained deacon in July 1946 and priest in September 1947 by Wiley Roy Mason, Suffragan Bishop of Virginia. On September 18, 1948, he married Mamie Dalceda Adams and together has 2 children. After ordination he became priest-in-charge of Grace Church in Millers Tavern, Virginia, and of St Andrews Church in Upright, Virginia. In 1949 he became rector of St George's Church in Brooklyn, New York, eventually later becoming Archdeacon of Brooklyn, New York in 1979. He also became a member of the cathedral canons.

On March 14, 1981, Hucles was elected Suffragan Bishop of Long Island on the seventh ballot in the Cathedral of the Incarnation, Garden City, New York. He was then consecrated on June 20, 1981, by Presiding Bishop John Allin at the Cathedral of the Incarnation, Garden City, New York. He retired his post in 1988 and died a year later on August 4, 1989, in Virginia.

## InfoBox

| The Right Reverend
Henry Boyd Hucles III | |
| --- | --- |
| Suffragan Bishop of Long Island | |
| Church | Episcopal Church |
| Diocese | Long Island |
| Elected | March 14, 1981 |
| In office | 1981–1988 |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | September 1947
by Wiley Roy Mason |
| Consecration | June 20, 1981
by John Allin |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1923-09-21)September 21, 1923
New York City, New York, United States |
| Died | August 4, 1989(1989-08-04) (aged 65)
Virginia, United States |
| Buried | Riverview Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia |
| Denomination | Anglican |
| Parents | Henry B. Hucles, Jr. and Alma Leola Lewis |
| Spouse | Mamie Dalceda Adams |
| Children | 2 |


title: The Hongkong Telegraph

abstract: The Hongkong Telegraph was a Hong Kong newspaper founded in 1881.

text:
# The Hongkong Telegraph

***The Hongkong Telegraph*** (Chinese: 士蔑報; Jyutping: *si6 mit6 bou3*) was a Hong Kong newspaper founded in 1881.

## History

It was first published as an afternoon daily on 15 June 1881 from offices on Wellington Street. It was founded by Robert Fraser-Smith, who was also the paper's editor. Fraser-Smith, a former book-keeper with the Hong Kong and Whampoa Dock Company, was known for his "fearlessness in expression of his views in print". The Chinese name of The *Hongkong Telegraph* is based on Fraser-Smith's name.

As editor of the paper, Fraser-Smith was charged numerous times with libel. For instance, in July 1882, he was convicted by Chief Justice George Phillippo for libel against actor Daniel E. Bandmann, and sentenced to two months imprisonment. Fraser-Smith died in 1895, and the paper was acquired by J. J. Francis. Chesney Duncan (15 September 1854 – 24 September 1935) became editor of the paper, and held this position for several years, leaving to report on the Boxer Rebellion for the *Daily Mail*. He later worked for the *Straits Echo*, the *Pinang Gazette*, and the *Times of Malaya*. Subsequently, Ethelbert Forbes Skertchley became editor.

In 1916, The *Hongkong Telegraph* was brought under the control of the South China Morning Post, Ltd., which also published the *South China Morning Post*, another English-language Hong Kong newspaper, founded in 1903.


title: Hans Jäcker

abstract: Hans "Hennes" Jäcker was a German football player. He spent 11 years with Eintracht Braunschweig, including four seasons in the Bundesliga starting with the league's foundation in 1963. After retiring as a player, Jäcker worked as a youth coach at Eintracht Braunschweig and for a time managed Regionalliga Nord side Leu Braunschweig. From 1980 to 1983 he also served as the president of Eintracht Braunschweig.

text:
# Hans Jäcker

**Hans "Hennes" Jäcker** (20 November 1932 – 7 April 2013) was a German football player. He spent 11 years with Eintracht Braunschweig, including four seasons in the Bundesliga starting with the league's foundation in 1963.

After retiring as a player, Jäcker worked as a youth coach at Eintracht Braunschweig and for a time managed Regionalliga Nord side Leu Braunschweig. From 1980 to 1983 he also served as the president of Eintracht Braunschweig.

## Honours

## InfoBox

Hans Jäcker
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Johannes Jäcker | | |
| Date of birth | (1932-11-20)20 November 1932 | | |
| Place of birth | Schwerte, Germany | | |
| Date of death | 7 April 2013(2013-04-07) (aged 80) | | |
| Place of death | Stendal, Germany | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1949–1950 | VfL Schwerte | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1950–1955 | VfL Schwerte |  |  |
| 1955–1956 | 1. FC Köln |  |  |
| 1956–1967 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 265 | (0) |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 1968–1972 | Eintracht Braunschweig (youth) | | |
| 0000–1974 | Leu Braunschweig | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Here Today (The Beach Boys song)

abstract: "Here Today" is a song by the American rock band the Beach Boys from their 1966 album Pet Sounds. Written by Brian Wilson and Tony Asher, the lyric warns the listener of inevitable heartbreak before the narrator reveals himself to be the ex-boyfriend of the listener's newfound love. Musically, the song features an uncommon formal structure, the use of electric bass guitar as a lead instrument, and a 20-bar length instrumental break. One of the last songs recorded for Pet Sounds, Wilson produced the track in March 1966 with the aid of his bandmates, who provided additional backing vocals, and 12 studio musicians, who played guitars, organ, upright bass, trombones, saxophones, tack piano, drums, and other percussion. Mike Love sang the lead vocal. "Here Today" proved influential to musicians such as Al Kooper, Paul McCartney, and Lemmy. Acts who have covered the song include Bobby Vee, R. Stevie Moore, Mathilde Santing, and Thurston Moore.

text:
# Here Today (The Beach Boys song)

"**Here Today**" is a song by the American rock band the Beach Boys from their 1966 album *Pet Sounds*. Written by Brian Wilson and Tony Asher, the lyric warns the listener of inevitable heartbreak before the narrator reveals himself to be the ex-boyfriend of the listener's newfound love. Musically, the song features an uncommon formal structure, the use of electric bass guitar as a lead instrument, and a 20-bar length instrumental break.

One of the last songs recorded for *Pet Sounds*, Wilson produced the track in March 1966 with the aid of his bandmates, who provided additional backing vocals, and 12 studio musicians, who played guitars, organ, upright bass, trombones, saxophones, tack piano, drums, and other percussion. Mike Love sang the lead vocal.

"Here Today" proved influential to musicians such as Al Kooper, Paul McCartney, and Lemmy. Acts who have covered the song include Bobby Vee, R. Stevie Moore, Mathilde Santing, and Thurston Moore.

## Background and lyrics

"Here Today" was written by Brian Wilson and Tony Asher for the Beach Boys' *Pet Sounds* album in early 1966. Although Wilson claimed that Asher only provided the words to his music, Asher credited himself with contributing musical ideas to several songs on the album, including this one, as Asher stated, "'Here Today' contains a little more of me both lyrically and melodically than Brian." Moreover, Asher said,

> That's a song that has a number of little sections to it that are quite different. It was not one of the easier songs to write on the album. It was, as I recall, a song that I wrote quite a lot to, much of which we didn't use. It was sort of a struggle before we got a lyric that Brian was happy with.

The lyrics warn the listener to beware of his newfound love and prepare for the potential heartbreak that may result ("A brand new love affair is such a beautiful thing / but if you're not careful think about the pain it can bring"). In his view, relationships are short-lasting ("Love is here today and it's gone tomorrow / it's here and gone so fast"). The narrator also warns that the aforementioned lover will make the listener "feel so bad", his "heart feel sad", his "days go wrong", and his "nights so long". To prove his case, the narrator reveals himself to be her ex-boyfriend ("Well you know I hate to be a downer / but I'm the guy she left before you found her").

Wilson stated in 1996 that the song had "really good lyrics", but in another interview from the same year, he said, "'Here Today' was probably one of the mystery songs on the album. I don't really know what it's about. I liked it, but yet I didn't. I don't really identify with that song like I do with 'You Still Believe In Me', or 'Caroline, No.' It was just one of those songs in there, one little song."

## Composition

"Here Today" is primarily in the key of A major, with other portions suggesting F minor. Wilson said: "'Here Today' was a work of art in my opinion. It was an assertive track with utilization of basses played up higher. The trombones gave it that masculine touch." He stated that his intention for the piece was "to conceive the idea of a bass guitar playing an octave higher than regular and showcase it as the principal instrument in the track." Dillon suggests that Wilson may have been influenced by Bill Wyman's bass-playing on "19th Nervous Breakdown", a then-current hit for the Rolling Stones.

The formal structure in this song is uncommon for "most pop music", Granata argues, "or any music for that matter." The first two verses, which are almost identical, have unusual bar structures, each being divided into three sections of eight, seven and three bars (20 in total). These uncommon numberings continue in the choruses, as Granata explains, "While it is rare for a chorus to contain an odd number of measures, all three choruses on 'Here Today' are seven bars. Most choruses are eight bars long. Occasionally a chorus will be *lengthened* to imply suspense or extension of time. The purposeful *shortening* of the choruses here emphasizes the 'here today, gone tomorrow' idea reflected in the lyric."

The arrangement includes a horn ensemble consisting of two saxophones and two trombones. Granata surmised that the saxophone voicings were influenced by Four Seasons songs such as "Opus 17 (Don't You Worry 'bout Me)". He continues in his analysis, "Throughout, the bass line accentuates the melody. The bass and horns also move in contrary motion to the vocals: in the chorus, the rhythm section and the horns play a descending line of quarter notes while the vocals ascend with 'Ah-ah.'" Dillon concurred that the contrasting motions, which often conflict with Love's vocals, "creates a slightly uneasy feeling, not unlike how one would feel in a volatile romance." Bruce Johnston praised Wilson's discretion in arranging the backing vocals: "He correctly used the vocals as another pad. If he had made the mistake of overwriting the background parts, you would never pay attention to the leads, and we would have gotten in the way."

A 20-bar instrumental break – with three sections divided into eight, six, and six bars – occurs between the second and third choruses. In this point in the song (1:47–2:02), musicologist Walter Everett notes "\[o\]ne of the most remarkable parts in the bass literature ... where rapidly repeated bass notes are all sevenths, 1 appearing beneath ii, in alternation with 7 placed below I." According to Granata, "This break presents another neat rhythmic situation. The first eight measures consist of short, accented punctuations by all of the instruments except the pulsating bass." This is directly followed by another major shift in which "all instruments (primarily piano and circus-style organ) maintain the tempo, but the feel changes when the snare pounds out a set of polka-like eighth notes."

## Recording

"Here Today" was the last song started for the *Pet Sounds* album. Logged as "I Don't Have a Title Yet", the instrumental track was recorded on March 10 or 11, 1966 at Sunset Sound Recorders Studio A. This marked the only occasion that Wilson recorded at Sunset Sound during the *Pet Sounds* sessions, having been recommended the studio by session musician Steve Douglas. The engineer for this session, Bruce Botnick, later worked on the 1967 album *Forever Changes* by Love.

The vocals were overdubbed two weeks later, on March 23 and 25, at Columbia Studio A. In the original mono release, some studio chatter, spoken by Bruce Johnston about a photographer's camera, can be heard during the instrumental break. Then, Wilson shouts "No talking!" at Johnston, who had been unaware that the tape was rolling. Johnston recalled this exchange as an example of how "Brian was a combination of Rachmaninoff and General Patton. He was \[brilliantly\] brutal in the studio." At the end of this break, Wilson says, "Top, please," which was an instruction to the engineer to rewind the tape to the beginning of the song so the group could attempt another take of the vocals.

Record producer Phil Ramone afforded attention to Wilson's mixing and production layering on *Pet Sounds* and this track in particular: "There are placements for every instrument in the mono mix—they're great studies of contrast, texture, balance, and rhythm. For example, on 'Here Today,' the combination of wet and dry sounds in the vocals and the distinctive sound of the organ and baritone sax give it incredible dimension."

## Release history

On May 16, 1966, "Here Today" was released as the tenth track on *Pet Sounds,* sequenced in between "I Know There's an Answer" and "I Just Wasn't Made for These Times". It later appeared on the 1966 EP *God Only Knows* (released exclusively in the UK). In December 1967, "Here Today" was issued again as the B-side to the 1967 single "Darlin'", a top 30 hit. Unlike earlier B-sides by the group such as "Don't Worry Baby" and "God Only Knows" it did not chart.

A promotional film for the song, directed by band publicist Derek Taylor, was filmed for the UK's *Top of the Pops* on April 25. The film featured the group (minus Johnston) at Lake Arrowhead, flailing around in grotesque horror masks and playing Old Maid. The clip ran for five minutes and featured excerpts from "Here Today" alongside "Wouldn't It Be Nice" and "God Only Knows". The original clip was never released due to concerns from the BBC over the horror masks. An edited version was later released, with only "God Only Knows" featured.

In 1968, the backing track of "Here Today" was issued on the Beach Boys' album *Stack-o-Tracks.* In 1996, to promote *The Pet Sounds Sessions* (1997), Sub Pop issued a newly mixed stereo backing track of "Here Today" as the B-side of the first true stereo mix of "I Just Wasn't Made for These Times". This version omitted the studio chatter present in the 1966 mono mix.

## Critical reception

AllMusic reviewer Donald Guarisco praised "Here Today" as "a highlight of *Pet Sounds*" and "one of Brian Wilson's most ambitious arrangements." Dillon similarly called it "one of the album's most incredible instrumental arrangements" and "the most direct precursor to 'Good Vibrations'".

A 1972 *Rolling Stone* review of *Pet Sounds* written by Stephen Davis characterized "Here Today" as an unusually "angry" song on the album, highlighting its depiction of "pessimism and dissatisfaction". The same review drew similarities between "Here Today" and "I Just Wasn't Made for These Times", noting that both the subject matter of each has a "universal" nature, and speaks directly to the audience. Davis surmises that these songs succeed because "Wilson knows how most people think".

Conversely, in his self-described "unbiased" review of *Pet Sounds* for *Record Mirror*, Norman Jopling described "Here Today" as perhaps the album's "corniest song" and that "one is left with the feeling that this track is a kind of condensed showcase of all the backing sounds that anyone could cram into a few minutes. Not too good at all..."

## Influence

Blood, Sweat & Tears founder Al Kooper, whose favorite album of all time is the 1997 box set *The Pet Sounds Sessions*, said that "Here Today" inspired the organ break in his band's 1969 hit "You've Made Me So Very Happy", as well as his songs "I Can Love a Woman" (1968) and "Lucille" (1969). Motörhead founder Lemmy Kilmister regarded "Here Today" as "quite innovative" and would perform the song at clubs early in his career. Musician Lenie Colacino argued that the bass part was a direct influence on Paul McCartney's bass-playing on "With a Little Help from My Friends" and "Getting Better" from *Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band* (1967).

## Personnel

Per Craig Slowinski.

**The Beach Boys**

**Session musicians** (later known as "the Wrecking Crew")

The American Federation of Musicians (AFM) contract erroneously credits Terry Melcher with having played tambourine on this track.

## Cover versions

1. Lynskey, Dorian (May 16, 2016). "Brian Wilson Entrances Bristol on Eve of 'Pet Sounds' 50th Anniversary". *Rolling Stone*.
2. Granata 2003, p. 81.
3. Gaines 1986, p. 145.
4. Kent 1995, p. 16.
5. "Interview with Tony Asher". *The Pet Sounds Sessions* (Booklet). The Beach Boys. Capitol Records. 1997.`{{cite AV media notes}}`: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
6. Granata 2003, p. 105.
7. Lambert 2007, p. 248.
8. Granata 2003, pp. 105–106.
9. Leaf, David (1997). "Song by Song Notes". *The Pet Sounds Sessions* (Booklet). The Beach Boys. Capitol Records.
10. "Interview with Brian Wilson". *The Pet Sounds Sessions* (Booklet). The Beach Boys. Capitol Records. 1997.`{{cite AV media notes}}`: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
11. Granata 2003, p. 163.
12. Lambert 2008, p. 116.
13. Lambert 2007, p. 227.
14. Leaf, David (1990). *Party/Stack-O-Tracks* (CD Liner). The Beach Boys. Capitol Records.
15. Dillon 2012, p. 120.
16. Granata 2003, p. 106.
17. Slowinski, Craig. "Pet Sounds LP". *beachboysarchives.com*. Endless Summer Quarterly. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
18. Granata 2003, p. 37.
19. "Comments by Bruce Johnston". *The Pet Sounds Sessions* (Booklet). The Beach Boys. Capitol Records. 1997.`{{cite AV media notes}}`: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
20. Everett 2008, p. 285.
21. Elliott, Brad (August 31, 1999). "Pet Sounds Track Notes". beachboysfanclub.com. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
22. Granata 2003, p. 134.
23. Dillon 2012, p. 119.
24. Granata 2003, pp. 180–181.
25. Granata 2003, p. 128.
26. Badman 2004, pp. 156, 208.
27. Badman 2004, p. 130.
28. Badman 2004, pp. 130–131.
29. Badman 2004, p. 131.
30. *The Beach Boys - Stack-o-Tracks Album Reviews, Songs & More | AllMusic*, retrieved May 31, 2023
31. Morris, Chris (July 6, 1996). "Sub Pop Releases Beach Boys Single". *Billboard*. p. 9.
32. Guarisco, D.A. "Here Today". *Allmusic*. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
33. "The Beach Boys: Pet Sounds : Music Reviews : Rolling Stone". *Rolling Stone*. December 5, 2007. Archived from the original on December 5, 2007. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
34. Jopling, Norman (July 2, 1966). "The Beach Boys: Pet Sounds (Capitol)". *Record Mirror*  via Rock's Backpages.
35. Dillon 2012, pp. 120–121.
36. Kilmister 2016, p. 42.
37. Granata 2003, p. 199.
38. Granata 2003, p. 160.

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| "Here Today" | |
| --- | --- |
| B-side of 1967 "Darlin'" single release | |
| Single by the Beach Boys | |
| from the album  *Pet Sounds* | |
| A-side | "Darlin'" |
| Released | May 16, 1966 (1966-05-16) (album release)<br>December 18, 1967 (1967-12-18) (single release) |
| Recorded | March 1966 |
| Studio | Sunset Sound and Columbia, Hollywood |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 3:07 |
| Label | Capitol |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Brian Wilson |
|  | |
| Licensed audio | |
| "Here Today" on YouTube | |
| Audio sample | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Henry O'Neill (illustrator)

abstract: Henry O'Neill (1798–1880) was an Irish artist and antiquarian.

text:
# Henry O'Neill (illustrator)

**Henry O'Neill** (17981880) was an Irish artist and antiquarian.

## Career

Born in Clonmel, O'Neill lost both parents at a young age, and was tended by his sister, Sara O'Neill, a haberdasher who provided him an exceptional education. As from childhood he had evinced a talent for drawing, he was placed as a pupil in the Dublin Society's Schools in 1815. He applied himself eagerly to his work, and carried off the first premiums in every class he competed in. O'Neill identified himself with the popular political movements of the day, was a member of the Repeal Association, and during the imprisonment of O'Connell in Richmond gaol he painted a group of the Liberator and his fellow-prisoners, and later he did the well-known series of lithograph portraits of the Young Irelanders, Smith O'Brien and others. In 1863 was published his "Fine Arts of Ancient Ireland," illustrated with seven chromo-lithographs by himself and wood-cuts by G. Hanlon, an ambitious work on the antiquities of Ireland, in which he attempted to refute the conclusions of Petrie in his "Ecclesiastical Architecture of Ireland," and maintained the pagan origin of the Round Towers. In 1868 he published a brochure, "Ireland for the Irish," attacking landlordism. He projected a work on the Round Towers, of which only the first part, relating to the county of Dublin, was published: "The Round Towers of Ireland, by Henry O'Neill. Part the First, containing descriptions of the four Round Towers in the county of Dublin," published by M. H. Gill and Son, Sackville Street, 1877. His last work was a lithograph of the Cross of Cong. O'Neill was a constant exhibitor at the Royal Hibernian Academy down to 1879. Most of his works were in water-colour, but he occasionally painted in oils. O'Neill is best remembered for the creation of lithographs portraying Celtic art and crosses in Ireland. They were published as *Illustrations of Some of the Most Interesting Sculptured Crosses of Ancient Ireland* (1857).

## Memory

He died in poverty in 1880 and was buried in an unmarked grave in Glasnevin Cemetery. In 2016 a group of well-wishers came together to mark his grave with a Celtic Cross. A viewing and reception to dedicate the monument was held on Tuesday 2 August 2016.


title: Mr Ponsonby

abstract: Mr Ponsonby is the fourth novel from noted New Zealand author Ian Middleton, and is described as "his eulogy to a gentrifying Ponsonby". He had an intimate connection with Ponsonby, where the book is set, beginning in 1942 and returning to live there in later life. It is the story of a man driven by greed, willing to destroy the character and nature of a lively, spirited community for the sake of a dollar. Mr Ponsonby "vividly recreates the atmosphere and characters of an Auckland suburb threatened by reconstruction" and the clash between the proponents of progress, development and gentrification and the inhabitants of an established community with its own unique character.

text:
# Mr Ponsonby

***Mr Ponsonby*** is the fourth novel from noted New Zealand author Ian Middleton, and is described as "his eulogy to a gentrifying Ponsonby". He had an intimate connection with Ponsonby (a suburb in Auckland, New Zealand), where the book is set, beginning in 1942 and returning to live there in later life. It is the story of a man driven by greed, willing to destroy the character and nature of a lively, spirited community for the sake of a dollar. Mr Ponsonby "vividly recreates the atmosphere and characters of an Auckland suburb threatened by reconstruction" and the clash between the proponents of progress, development and gentrification and the inhabitants of an established community with its own unique character.

## Reviews

## InfoBox

Mr Ponsonby
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Ian Middleton |
| Cover artist | Murray Grimsdale |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Lyndon |
| Publication date | 1989 |
| Publication place | New Zealand |
| Media type | Print (Paperback) |
| Pages | 160 pp |
| ISBN | 0-86470-028-8 |
| OCLC | 21096645 |


abstract: The following is a list of members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly between the 1897 elections and the 1901 elections, together known as the Third Parliament.

text:
# Members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly, 1897–1901

The following is a list of **members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly** between the 1897 elections and the 1901 elections, together known as the **Third Parliament**.

| **Name** | **Party** | **District** | **Years in office** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Hon Septimus Burt\[6\] | Ministerial | Ashburton | 1890–1900 |
| Francis Connor | Ministerial | East Kimberley | 1893–1905 |
| John Conolly | Ind. Min. | Dundas | 1897–1901 |
| Leonard Darlot\[7\] | Ministerial | De Grey | 1900–1901 |
| Denis Doherty | Ministerial | North Fremantle | 1897–1903 |
| Norman Ewing | Independent | Swan | 1897–1901 |
| Alexander Forrest | Ministerial | West Kimberley | 1890–1901 |
| David Forrest\[6\] | Ministerial | Ashburton | 1900–1901 |
| Hon Sir John Forrest | Ministerial | Bunbury | 1890–1901 |
| William James George | Independent | Murray | 1895–1902; 1909–1930 |
| Henry Gregory | Independent | North Coolgardie | 1897–1911 |
| Lyall Hall | Ministerial | Perth | 1897–1901 |
| Charles Harper | Independent | Beverley | 1890–1905 |
| Albert Hassell | Ministerial | Plantagenet | 1890–1904 |
| John Hassell\[8\] | Opposition | Albany | 1900–1901 |
| John Higham | Ministerial | Fremantle | 1896–1904 |
| Joseph Holmes | Ministerial | East Fremantle | 1897–1904; 1905–1906 |
| Edward Hooley\[7\] | Ministerial | De Grey | 1894–1900 |
| George Hubble\[2\] | Ministerial | Gascoyne | 1897–1901 |
| Robert Hutchinson\[4\] | Opposition | Geraldton | 1900–1904 |
| Frederick Illingworth | Opposition | Central Murchison | 1894–1904 |
| Walter James | Opposition | East Perth | 1894–1904 |
| Henry Kenny\[5\] | Independent | North Murchison | 1897–1899 |
| Walter Kingsmill | Independent | Pilbara | 1897–1903 |
| George Leake\[8\] | Opposition | Albany | 1890; 1894–1900; 1901–1902 |
| Hon James George Lee-Steere | Ministerial | Nelson | 1890–1903 |
| Hon Henry Lefroy\[1\] | Ministerial | Moore | 1892–1901; 1911–1921 |
| Ernest Locke | Ministerial | Sussex | 1897–1901 |
| Samuel Mitchell | Ministerial | Murchison | 1897–1901 |
| Frederick Monger\[3\] | Ministerial | York | 1892–1903; 1905–1914 |
| Charles Moran | Ministerial | East Coolgardie | 1894–1901; 1902–1905 |
| Frederick Moorhead\[5\] | Ministerial | North Murchison | 1899–1901 |
| Alf Morgans | Ministerial | Coolgardie | 1897–1904 |
| William Oats | Independent | Yilgarn | 1897–1904 |
| Charles Oldham\[10\] | Labour | North Perth | 1897–1900 |
| Hon Richard Pennefather\[1\] | Ind. Min. | Greenough | 1897–1901 |
| Samuel J. Phillips | Ministerial | Irwin | 1890–1904 |
| Hon Frederick Henry Piesse | Ministerial | Williams | 1890–1909 |
| Timothy Quinlan | Ministerial | Toodyay | 1890–1894; 1897–1911 |
| Cornthwaite Rason | Ministerial | South Murchison | 1897–1906 |
| Richard Robson\[4\] | Independent | Geraldton | 1899–1900 |
| Horace Sholl | Ministerial | Roebourne | 1891–1901 |
| George Simpson\[4\] | Opposition | Geraldton | 1891–1899 |
| Elias Solomon | Independent | South Fremantle | 1892–1901 |
| Hon George Throssell | Ministerial | Northam | 1890–1904 |
| Harry Venn | Ministerial | Wellington | 1890–1901 |
| Frederick Vosper\[11\] | Opposition | North-East Coolgardie | 1897–1901 |
| Frank Wallace | Independent | Yalgoo | 1897–1904 |
| Frank Wilson | Opposition | Canning | 1897–1901; 1904–1917 |
| Hon Barrington Wood\[9\] | Ministerial | West Perth | 1894–1901 |

**1**  On 12 May 1897, Henry Lefroy, the member for Moore, was appointed Minister for Education by Premier John Forrest, and on 27 October 1897, Richard Pennefather, the member for Greenough, was appointed Attorney-General. Both were therefore required to resign and contest ministerial by-elections, at which both were returned unopposed. **2**  On 13 June 1899, George Hubble, the member for Gascoyne, resigned. He was returned unopposed in the resulting by-election on 26 June 1899. **3**  On 15 June 1899, Frederick Monger, the member for York, resigned. He was returned unopposed in the resulting by-election on 26 June 1899. **4**  On 27 June 1899, George Simpson, the Opposition member for Geraldton, resigned. At the resulting by-election held on 12 July 1899, he was defeated by Independent candidate Richard Robson. On 13 June 1900, Robson resigned, and at the by-election held to replace him on 24 July 1900, Opposition candidate Robert Hutchinson was successful. He went on to win the seat unopposed at the 1901 election nine months later. **5**  Henry Kenny, the Opposition member for North Murchison, died on 25 August 1899. Ministerial candidate Frederick Moorhead won the resulting by-election on 18 September 1899. **6**  Septimus Burt, the member for Ashburton, resigned in April 1900. At the resulting by-election, David Forrest, the younger brother of Premier John Forrest and Alexander Forrest, was returned unopposed on 24 April 1900. The year from the by-election until the April 1901 general election marked the only time in the history of Western Australia when three members of the same family had held seats in the Parliament concurrently. By July 1901, all were gone—John was elected to the new Federal Parliament representing the seat of Swan, Alexander died, and David was defeated in his bid for Electoral district of Gascoyne. **7**  E. T. Hooley, the member for De Grey, resigned on 1 May 1900. Leonard Darlot was returned unopposed in the resulting by-election on 28 May 1900. **8**  On 10 July 1900, George Leake, the Opposition member for Albany, resigned. At the by-election held to replace him on 24 July 1900, Opposition candidate John Hassell was successful. **9**  On 10 September 1900, Barrington Wood, the member for West Perth, was appointed Commissioner of Railways and Minister for Works by Premier John Forrest. He were therefore required to resign and contest a ministerial by-election, at which he was returned unopposed on 22 September 1900. **10**  The seat of North Perth was declared vacant on 16 October 1900 as the Labour member, Charles Oldham, had been absent without leave of the House for two months. No by-election was held due to the imminent 1901 election. **11**  Frederick Vosper, the Opposition member for North-East Coolgardie, died on 6 January 1901, but no by-election was held due to the imminent 1901 election.

## Sources

* Black, David; Prescott, Valerie (1997). *Election statistics, Legislative Assembly of Western Australia, 1890-1996*. Perth: Parliamentary History Project. ISBN 0-7309-8409-5.
* Hughes, Colin A.; Graham, B. D. (1976). *Voting for the South Australian, Western Australian and Tasmanian Lower Houses, 1890-1964*. Canberra: Australian National University. ISBN 0-7081-1334-6.


title: Gmina Czarne

abstract: Gmina Czarne is an urban-rural gmina in Człuchów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Czarne, which lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) west of Człuchów and 134 km (83 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. The gmina covers an area of 234.9 square kilometres (90.7 sq mi), and as of 2022 its total population is 8,333.

text:
# Gmina Czarne

**Gmina Czarne** is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Człuchów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Czarne, which lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) west of Człuchów and 134 km (83 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 234.9 square kilometres (90.7 sq mi), and as of 2022 its total population is 8,333 (out of which the population of Czarne amounts to 5,368, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,965).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Czarne, Gmina Czarne contains the villages and settlements of Biernatka, Bińcze, Domisław, Domyśl, Grabowiec, Janowiec, Kijno, Krzemieniewo, Lędyczek Drugi, Łoża, Malinowo, Nadziejewo, Prądy, Raciniewo, Sierpowo, Sokole, Wierzbnik, Wronkowo, Wyczechy and Wygonki.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Czarne is bordered by the gminas of Człuchów, Debrzno, Okonek, Rzeczenica and Szczecinek.

## InfoBox

| Gmina Czarne Czarne Commune | |
| --- | --- |
| Gmina | |
|  | |
| Coordinates (Czarne): 53°41′N 16°57′E / 53.683°N 16.950°E / 53.683; 16.950 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Człuchów |
| Seat | Czarne |
| Area | |
| Total | 234.9 km2 (90.7 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
| Total | 8,333 |
| Density | 35/km2 (92/sq mi) |
| Urban | 5,368 |
| Rural | 2,965 |


title: Henni von Halle

abstract: Henriette "Henni" Emma Gertrud von Halle was a German Egyptologist.

text:
# Henni von Halle

**Henriette "Henni" Emma Gertrud von Halle** (née von Mossner) was a German Egyptologist.

## Biography

Henni von Halle was born in Berlin on 1 January 1878 to Walther von Mossner, Prussian general of cavalry and former aide-de-camp to Wilhelm II, and Meta Giebert. She married Ernst von Halle (née Levy) (born 1808, died 28 June 1909), Professor of Political Economy in Berlin, and they had two sons and a daughter.

Henni von Halle taught herself the ancient Egyptian language, which is attested to in the letter she first wrote to Adolf Erman in 1914, where she asked for the recommendation of a teacher or a textbook to continue her studies. His response was at first curt, but he later recommended his student Amalie Hertz as a teacher. She also attended seminars at the universities in Berlin, Strasbourg and Heidelberg. In 1915, Erman invited von Halle to work on his *Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache,* which she continued to work on with Erman and Hermann Grapow until 1933. She also worked with Wilhelm Spiegelberg, copying Theban ostraca and graffiti.

In 1920, with rising inflation, von Halle had to sell her house in Berlin and undertook several jobs on different Egyptology projects. From December 1922 and July 1925 she worked for Abraham Shalom Yahuda. From 1 August 1925 to November 1928, she was employed by Hermann Ranke on *Die ägyptischen Personennamen.* In late 1928, she moved back to Berlin and is recorded sporadically in the payment records of *Die ägyptischen Personennamen* from 1929 to 1933.

After 1933, she is not found in the archive records. She stayed in Berlin until December 1943, then returned to Heidelberg and died in Nußloch on 2 January 1964.

While she did not publish anything on her own, both Erman and Ranke laud her work in their prefaces. Erman also dedicated Aegyptisches handwörterbuch to her and Caroline Ransom Williams, though the two women seem to have never met. She was frequently added to lists of German Egyptologists and was referred to as an Egyptologist by Erman; however, von Halle never referred to herself as such.

## InfoBox

| Henni von Halle | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Henriette Emma Gertrud von Mossner
(1878-01-01)1 January 1878
Berlin, German Empire |
| Died | 2 January 1964(1964-01-02) (aged 86)
Nußloch, West Germany |
| Occupation | Egyptologist |
| Spouse | Ernst von Halle |
| Children | 3 |
| Parents | * Walther von Mossner (father) * Meta Giebert (mother) |


title: The Jimmy Giuffre Quartet in Person

abstract: The Jimmy Giuffre Quartet in Person is a live album by American jazz composer and arranger Jimmy Giuffre which was released on the Verve label in 1959.

text:
# The Jimmy Giuffre Quartet in Person

***The Jimmy Giuffre Quartet in Person*** is a live album by American jazz composer and arranger Jimmy Giuffre which was released on the Verve label in 1959.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars.

## Track listing

*All compositions by Jimmy Giuffre except as indicated*

1. "The Quiet Time" - 9:30
2. "The Crab" - 8:27
3. "My Funny Valentine" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) - 8:00
4. "Wee See" (Thelonious Monk) - 9:22
5. "What's New?" (Bob Haggart, Johnny Burke) - 6:30
6. "Two for Timbuctu" - 6:57

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| The Jimmy Giuffre Quartet in Person | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by The Jimmy Giuffre Quartet | |
| Released | 1960 |
| Recorded | July 19, 1960
Five Spot Café, NYC |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Label | Verve
MGV 8387 |
| Jimmy Giuffre chronology | |
| *Piece for Clarinet and String Orchestra/Mobiles*
(1960) ***The Jimmy Giuffre Quartet in Person***
(1960) *Fusion*
(1961) | |


title: Hans Just Group

abstract: The Hans Just Group is a distributor of wine and alcohol in the Nordic countries. The group consists of Hans Just A/S in Denmark, Nigab AB in Sweden, Robert Prizelius AS in Norway, Beverage Partners Finland OY in Finland and BJC Distribution Z O.O. in Poland.

text:
# Hans Just Group

The **Hans Just Group** is a distributor of wine and alcohol in the Nordic countries. The group consists of **Hans Just A/S** in Denmark, **Nigab AB** in Sweden, **Robert Prizelius AS** in Norway, **Beverage Partners Finland OY** in Finland and BJC Distribution Z O.O. in Poland.

## History

The company was founded by Hans Just on 17 June 1867, when he purchased a wine and spirits business on Store Kongensgade street, in Copenhagen, Denmark, from an old friend who wanted to emigrate to America.

In the 1870s, Just constructed a summer residence near the coast in Østerbro. In 1882, together with other investors, he established a distillery, Fortuna, on the neighbouring site. In 1885 they constructed a new road which connected the site to Østerbrogade. It was given the name Fortunavej (Fortuna Road( after the distillery and was later renamed Århusgade.

Hans Just's son Poul Just inherited the company after his father's death in 1912. He demolished the Østerbro buildings and constructed a large warehouse at the site in 1917. The site was conveniently located close to the Freeport of Copenhagen, and he expected Denmark to introduce an alcohol monopoly similar to the ones in Sweden and Norway. This did not happen, and much of the building was instead rented out. It was for a while used by Goodyear for storing car tires.

The company was later passed on to his son Henning Just (norn 1905) and son-in-law Peter Christian Karberg (born 1909M married to Kirsten Ingeborg Just). Their son, Flemming Just Karberg, joined the family business at the age of 22 in 1959. He became co-owner in 1965 and its sole owner in 1979. His sons Peter, Thomas and Andreas each received 10 % of the shares in the 1980s.

In 2017, Hans Just Group sold its share of Det Danske Spiritus Kompagni A/S to the Norwegian company Arcus Gruppen.

## Companies

* Hans Just A/S, Denmark
* Nigab AB, Sweden
* Robert Prizelius AS, Norway
* Beverage Partners Finland OY, Finland
* BJC Distribution Z O.O., Poland

## InfoBox

Hans Just Group
| Company type | Private limited company |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Wine and spirits |
| Founded | 1868 |
| Founder | Hans Jacob Just |
| Headquarters | Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Key people | Peter and Thomas Karberg (CEOs), Per Heinze (chairman) |
| Services | Wholesale |
| Revenue | DKK 1.143 billion (2015) |
| Website |  |


title: Kim Jong-hae

abstract: Kim Jong-hae is a Korean author, ex-sailor, and publisher.

text:
# Kim Jong-hae

| **Korean name** | |
| --- | --- |
| Hangul | 김종해 |
| Hanja |  |
| Revised Romanization | *Kim Jong-hae* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Kim Chonghae* |

**Kim Jong-hae** (born July 23, 1941) is a Korean author, ex-sailor, and publisher.

## Life

Kim was born in Busan, South Korea. He was a founding member of the journal Sinnyeondae, a member of the journal Modern Poetry (Hyeondaesi) and also participated in the publishing of such journals as *Love of Nation* and *Image*. He served as secretary general of the Korean Poets' Association and as director of the Korean Publishing Culture Association, and is the chairman of the publishing company Munhaksegyesa

## Work

The poetry of Kim Jong-hae can be divided into three distinct periods.

The first period extends from his official literary debut and the publication of his first collection of poetry, *The Musical Instrument of Humans* (Inganui akgi), to the early 1970s when he published his second collection, *Key of the Gods* (Sinui yeolsoe). During this period, Kim’s poetry depicts the emptiness and despair of contemporary reality, and the poet’s will to overcome this reality, and a conviction that he would eventually triumph.

The second period of the poet’s career, beginning with the long poem *The Spirit of Seoul* (Seourui jeongsin), includes *Base Slave, Rise Up* (Cheonno, ireoseoda), and concludes in the late 1970s with the publication of his third collection of poetry, *Why Do You Not Come* (Wae ani osinayo?). The poems from this period, even though portraying the profound tragedy at the heart of reality, wrap these concerns in faith and love. Several works during this period take the mother as their subject, and she is depicted as godlike figure who can deliver the world from the cruel realities of the present, and give rise to deeper meditation on the true meaning of love and faith. The long narrative poem *Base Slave, Rise Up*s (Cheonno, ireoseoda), written near the end of this period, was a semi-biographical account of the slave Manjeok who lived during the Goryeo Dynasty that aptly displays the author's powerful awareness of reality.

Kim was in the camp of 'lyrical' (as opposed to 'ontological) poets like Heu Young-ja, Chung Jin-kyu, Lee Keun-bae, Kim Hu-ran, Oh Tak-bon, Yoo An-jin, Park E-dou, Ra Tae-joo, Lee Soo-ik, Song Soo-Kwon, Oh Sae-young, Lee Geon-cheong, Kang Eun-gyo, Shin Dalja, Lim Young-jo, Lee Sung-sun, Moon Chung-hee, Kim Hyeong-young, Cho Jeong-kwon, Hong Shin-seon, Sin Dae-chul, Kim Jong-hae, Kim Jong-chul, Lee Ga-rim, Kim Seung-hee, Lee Jun-gwan, Lee kee-chul, Cho Chang-whan, and Yoon Suk-san

The final period of the poet’s career took place during the 1980s, during which time the poet continued his inquiries into the various problems of life and reality, best exemplified by the poem *Sailing Diary* (Hanghae ilji). The work is a poetic rendition of the author's experiences in his twenties as a ship crewmember, while also denouncing contemporary conditions that alienate and dehumanize individuals. The work also displays the poet’s use of a diverse range of poetic techniques, including the personification of sharks, sea toads, and crocodiles.

### Awards

He awards include the Modern Literature Prize (1982) and the Korean Literature Author's Prize (1985). In March 1963, his poem, "Evening” (Jeonyeok), was awarded the Newcomer's Prize by the journal Free Literature (Jayu munhak), and in 1965 his poem, "Civil War” (Naeran), was chosen in the spring literary contest sponsored by the newspaper *Kyunghyang Shinmun*.

### Works in Korean (partial list)

* *The Musical Instrument of Humans* (Inganui akgi)
* *Key of the Gods* (Sinui yeolsoe)
* *Why Do You Not Come?* (Wae ani osinayo)
* *Base Slave, Rise Up* (Cheonno, ireoseoda)
* *Sailing Diary* (Hanghae ilji)
* *Riding the Subway on Windy Days* (Barambuneun nareun jihacheoreul tago)
* *For a Desert Island* (Muindoreul wihayeo)

## InfoBox

| Kim Jong-hae | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1941-07-23)July 23, 1941<br>Busan, South Korea |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Language | Korean |
| Nationality | Korean Empire |
| Period | 1970-present |
| Genre | Poetry |