title: Isopropylmagnesium chloride

abstract: Isopropylmagnesium chloride is an organometallic compound with the general formula (CH3)2HCMgCl. This highly flammable, colorless, and moisture sensitive material is the Grignard reagent derived from isopropyl chloride. It is commercially available, usually as a solution in tetrahydrofuran.

text:
# Isopropylmagnesium chloride

**Isopropylmagnesium chloride** is an organometallic compound with the general formula (CH3)2HCMgCl. This highly flammable, colorless, and moisture sensitive material is the Grignard reagent derived from isopropyl chloride. It is commercially available, usually as a solution in tetrahydrofuran.

## Synthesis and reactivity

Solutions of isopropylmagnesium chloride by treating isopropyl chloride with magnesium metal in refluxing ether:

(CH3)2HCCl + Mg → (CH3)2HCMgCl

This reagent is used to prepare other Grignard reagents by transmetalation. An illustrative reaction involves the generation of the Grignard reagent derived from bromo-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene:

(CH3)2HCMgCl + (CF3)2C6H3Br → (CH3)2HCCl + (CF3)2C6H3MgBr

Addition of one equivalent of LiCl to isopropylmagnesium chloride gives "Turbo Grignard" solutions, named so due to the increased rate and efficiency for transmetalation reactions.

Isopropylmagnesium chloride is also used to prepare isopropyl compounds, such as chlorodiisopropylphosphine:

PCl3 \+ 2 (CH3)2CHMgCl → \[(CH3)2CH\]2PCl + 2 MgCl2

This reaction exploits the bulky nature of the isopropyl substituent.

## Turbo-Grignard reagents

As initially reported by Knochel et al., lithium chloride, isopropylmagnesium chloride enhances the ability of isopropylmagnesium chloride toward transmetalation reactions. The more reactive species, a LiCl-iPrMgCl complex, is called a **Turbo-Grignard reagent**. These species are related to Turbo-Hauser bases, a family of magnesium amido compounds containing also LiCl. "Turbo-Grignards", as they are often called, are aggregates with the formula \[i-PrMgCl·LiCl\]2. These species promote formation of aryl and heteroaryl Grignard reagents by halogen-magnesium exchange:

fast, homogeneous: XC6H4Br + i−PrMgCl·LiCl → XC6H4MgCl·LiCl + i−PrCl + MgBrCl

The traditional method for generating the aryl Grignard reagent proceeds less predictably:

slow, heterogeneous: XC6H4Br + Mg → XC6H4MgBr

Furthermore, traditional routes to Grignard reagents has limited functional group compatibility, whereas the Turbo-Grignard method tolerates other halides, some ester groups, and nitriles.

1. Seyferth, Dietmar (2009-03-23). "The Grignard Reagents". *Organometallics*. **28** (6): 1598–1605. doi:10.1021/om900088z. ISSN 0276-7333.
2. Knochel, P.; Dohle, W.; Gommermann, N.; Kneisel, F. F.; Kopp, F.; Korn, T.; Sapountzis, I.; Vu, V. A. (2003). "Highly Functionalized Organomagnesium Reagents Prepared through Halogen–Metal Exchange". *Angewandte Chemie International Edition*. **42** (36): 4302–4320. doi:10.1002/anie.200300579. PMID 14502700.
3. Johnnie L. Leazer Jr; Raymond Cvetovich (2005). "A Practical and Safe Preparation of 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)acetophenone". *Org. Synth*. **82**: 115. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.082.0115.
4. Krasovskiy, Arkady; Knochel, Paul (2004-06-21). "A LiCl‐Mediated Br/Mg Exchange Reaction for the Preparation of Functionalized Aryl‐ and Heteroarylmagnesium Compounds from Organic Bromides". *Angewandte Chemie International Edition*. **43** (25): 3333–3336. doi:10.1002/anie.200454084. ISSN 1433-7851.
5. Hermann, Andreas; Seymen, Rana; Brieger, Lukas; Kleinheider, Johannes; Grabe, Bastian; Hiller, Wolf; Strohmann, Carsten (2023-06-19). "Comprehensive Study of the Enhanced Reactivity of Turbo‐Grignard Reagents\**". *Angewandte Chemie International Edition*. **62** (25). doi:10.1002/anie.202302489. ISSN 1433-7851.
6. W. Voskuil; J. F. Arens (1968). "Chlorodiisopropylphosphine". *Org. Synth*. **48**: 47. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.048.0047.
7. Krasovskiy, A.; Knochel, P. (2004). "A LiCl-Mediated Br/Mg Exchange Reaction for the Preparation of Functionalized Aryl- and Heteroarylmagnesium Compounds from Organic Bromides". *Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.* **43** (25): 3333–3336. doi:10.1002/anie.200454084. PMID 15213967.
8. Li-Yuan Bao, Robert; Zhao, Rong; Shi, Lei (2015). "Progress and Developments in the turbo Grignard Reagent i-PrMgCl·LiCl: A Ten-Year Journey". *Chemical Communications*. **51** (32): 6884–6900. doi:10.1039/c4cc10194d. PMID 25714498.
9. Knochel, Paul; Gavryushin, Andrei (2010). "Lithium Dichloro(1-methylethyl)-magnesate". *Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis*. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rn01161. ISBN 978-0-471-93623-7.

## InfoBox

Isopropylmagnesium chloride
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.012.680 |
| EC Number | * 213-947-1 |
| PubChem CID |  |
| UNII |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C3H7.ClH.Mg/c1-3-2;;/h3H,1-2H3;1H;/q-1;;+2/p-1Key: IUYHWZFSGMZEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-M | |
| SMILES * C\[CH-\]C.\[Mg+2\].\[Cl-\] | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C3H7ClMg |
| Molar mass | 102.84 g·mol−1 |
| Solubility | Ethyl ether |
| Hazards | |
| **GHS** labelling: | |
| Pictograms |  |
| Signal word | **Danger** |
| Hazard statements | H225, H260, H314 |
| Precautionary statements | P210, P223, P231+P232, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P335+P334, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P403+P235, P405, P501 |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa).  Infobox references | |


title: Presqu'ile tombolo

abstract:
Presqu'ile is a tombolo on the north shore of Lake Ontario in Northumberland County.
When proglacial Lake Iroquois drained, leaving the lower Lake Ontario five limestone islands, the largest of which was Presqu'ile Island reduced the speed of currents carrying sand and silt, causing the dynamic sand spit to grow. The spit eventually engulfed Presqu'ile Island, and two small islands. Gull and High Bluff islands remain unattached, The Tombolo and the two remaining islands form Presqu'ile Provincial Park, and provide a temporary sanctuary for migrating birds.

text:
# Presqu'ile tombolo

High Bluff Island, Gull Island and the Presqu'ile tombolo

**Presqu'ile** is a tombolo on the north shore of Lake Ontario in Northumberland County. When proglacial Lake Iroquois drained, leaving the lower Lake Ontario five limestone islands, the largest of which was Presqu'ile Island reduced the speed of currents carrying sand and silt, causing the dynamic sand spit to grow. The spit eventually engulfed Presqu'ile Island, and two small islands. Gull and High Bluff islands remain unattached,

The Tombolo and the two remaining islands form Presqu'ile Provincial Park, and provide a temporary sanctuary for migrating birds.


title: Icheri Bazar (Qakh Fortress Wall)

abstract: The Icheri Bazar is located in the center of Qakh city, Azerbaijan. It was built in the first half of 18th century and was renovated by the Russians in the 19th century. The city block consists of ten brick houses and two fortress walls.

text:
# Icheri Bazar (Qakh Fortress Wall)

41°27′58″N 47°03′33″E / 41.46611°N 47.05917°E / 41.46611; 47.05917

The **Icheri Bazar** (**Qakh Fortress Wall**) is located in the center of Qakh city, Azerbaijan. It was built in the first half of 18th century and was renovated by the Russians in the 19th century.

The city block consists of ten brick houses and two fortress walls.

## Images

Qakh (city)

## InfoBox

| Icheri Bazar (Qakh Fortress Wall) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Qakh,  Azerbaijan |
|  | |


title: Thomas Loertscher

abstract: Thomas F. Loertscher is an American politician, and former Republican member of the Idaho House of Representatives, in the District 32 B seat.

text:
# Thomas Loertscher

**Thomas F. Loertscher** (born January 4, 1944, in Park City, Utah) is an American politician, and former Republican member of the Idaho House of Representatives, in the District 32 B seat.

## Education

Loertscher graduated from Park City High School and earned his BS in accounting from the University of Utah.

## Elections

### 2020

Loertscher took second losing to Jon Walker in the Republican Primary for Bonneville County Commissioner District 2.

### 2018

After losing in the 2018 Republican Primary to challenger Chad Christensen, Loertscher abandoned his Republican Party affiliation to run an Independent write-in campaign for his legislative seat. Loertscher went on to the November general election to lose to Christensen again, 2,247 votes to Christensen's 11,044. Butch Otter would later be censured over his support over the independent run by the Idaho Republican Party.

### 2012

Loertscher was redistricted to District 32, and with Republican Representative Erik Simpson not running, Loertscher won the three-way May 15, 2012 Republican Primary with 4,257 votes (54.4%), and won the November 6, 2012 General election with 14,416 votes (73.7%) against Democratic nominee Ralph Mossman, his challenger from 2008 and 2010.

### 2010

Loertscher and Mossman were both unopposed for their May 25, 2010 primaries, setting up a rematch; Loertscher won his with 6,003 votes, and won the November 2, 2010 General Election with 9,965 votes (68.4%) against Mossman.

### 2008

Loertscher won the four-way May 27, 2008 Republican Primary with 3,157 votes (44.4%), and won the November 4, 2008 General Election with 15,421 votes (98.2%) against write-in candidate Ralph Mossman.

### 2006

Langford challenged Loertscher in a rematch for the May 23, 2006 Republican Primary; Loertscher won with 3,697 votes (56.3%), and was unopposed for the November 7, 2006 General Election, winning with 12,170 votes.

### 2004

Loertscher challenged incumbent Republican Representative Eulalie Langford for the District 31 B seat in the May 25, 2004 Republican Primary, and won with 3,953 votes (50.73%), and was unopposed for the November 2, 2004 General election, winning with 14,393 votes.

### 2002

Redistricted to 31A, and with Republican Representative Dennis Lake redistricted to 28A, Loertscher lost the May 28, 2002 Republican Primary to Representative Larry Bradford, Bradford won the General election and held the seat until 2008.

### 2000

Loertscher won the May 23, 2000 Republican Primary with 2,656 votes (59.9%), and won the November 7, General election with 8,523 votes (62.4%) against Democratic nominee Claire Ashton-Heckathorn.

### 1998

Loertscher was unopposed for both the May 26, 1998 Republican Primary, winning with 3,780 votes, and the November 3, 1998 General election, winning with 9,025 votes

### 1996

Loertscher won the May 28, 1996 Republican Primary with 2,291 votes (58%), and won the November 5, 1996 General election with 8,326 votes (63.5%) against Democratic nominee Steven Fernandez.

### 1994

Loertscher was unopposed for both the May 24, 1994 Republican Primary, winning with 3,120 votes, and the November 8, 1994 General election, winning with 10,037 votes.

### 1992

With Republican Representative JoAn Wood redistricted to District 26A, Loertscher won the District 30 B seat 1992 Republican Primary and the November 3, 1992 General election.

### 1990

Loertscher was originally elected in the District 30 D Seat in the November 6, 1990, General election.

## InfoBox

| Thomas Loertscher | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the
Idaho House of Representatives | |
| **In office**
December 1, 2004  December 1, 2018 | |
| Preceded by | Eulalie Teichert Langford |
| Succeeded by | Chad Christensen |
| **In office**
December 1, 1986  December 1, 2002 | |
| Preceded by | Chad Chadband |
| Succeeded by | Elaine Smith |
| Constituency | District 32 Seat B (1986-92, 2012-18)
District 31 Seat B (2004-12)
District 30 Seat B (1992-2002) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1944-01-04) January 4, 1944
Park City, Utah |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Republican (formerly) |
| Residence | Iona, Idaho |
| Alma mater | University of Utah |
| Website | reptom.com |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | United States Army Reserve |
| Years of service | 1966–1972 |
|  | |


abstract: This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Blount County, Alabama. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Blount County, Alabama, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map. There are five properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.           This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.

text:
# National Register of Historic Places listings in Blount County, Alabama

This is a list of the **National Register of Historic Places listings in Blount County, Alabama**.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Blount County, Alabama, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map.

There are five properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

*This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.*

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Easley Covered Bridge |  | August 20, 1981
(#81000125) | Spans Dub Branch
33°58′15″N 86°31′06″W / 33.970833°N 86.518333°W / 33.970833; -86.518333 (Easley Covered Bridge) | Oneonta |  |
| 2 | Robert G. Griffith Sr. House |  | March 14, 2000
(#00000143) | 1204 County Road 25
34°12′38″N 86°28′38″W / 34.210556°N 86.477222°W / 34.210556; -86.477222 (Robert G. Griffith Sr. House) | Summit |  |
| 3 | Horton Mill Covered Bridge |  | December 29, 1970
(#70000099) | 5 miles (8 km) north of Oneonta on Route 3
34°00′58″N 86°26′55″W / 34.016111°N 86.448611°W / 34.016111; -86.448611 (Horton Mill Covered Bridge) | Oneonta |  |
| 4 | Nectar Covered Bridge |  | August 20, 1981
(#81000124) | 8 miles southwest of Nectar
33°57′22″N 86°37′34″W / 33.956111°N 86.626111°W / 33.956111; -86.626111 (Nectar Covered Bridge) | Nectar | Bridge burned down on June 13, 1993. |
| 5 | Swann Covered Bridge |  | August 20, 1981
(#81000123) | West of Cleveland
33°59′50″N 86°36′06″W / 33.997222°N 86.601667°W / 33.997222; -86.601667 (Swann Covered Bridge) | Cleveland |  |


abstract: Ward No. 62, Kolkata Municipal Corporation is an administrative division of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Borough No. 6, covering parts of Taltala and Moulali neighbourhoods in central Kolkata, in the Indian state of West Bengal.

text:
# Ward No. 62, Kolkata Municipal Corporation

**Ward No. 62, Kolkata Municipal Corporation** is an administrative division of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Borough No. 6, covering parts of Taltala (Ripon Street-Alimuddin Street) and Moulali neighbourhoods in central Kolkata, in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## History

Attempts were made to establish a municipal corporation at Kolkata from the middle of the 19th century. The electoral system was introduced for the first time in 1847, and 4 of the 7 board members were elected by the rate payers. In 1852 the board was replaced by a new one and in 1863 a new body was formed. As per old records, in 1872 there were 25 wards in Kolkata (spellings as in use at that time) – 1. Shyampukur, 2. Kumartuli, 3. Bartala, 4. Sukea Street, 5. Jorabagan, 6. Jorasanko, 7. Barabazar, 8. Kolutola, 9. Muchipara, 10. Boubazar, 11. Padmapukur, 12. Waterloo Street, 13. Fenwick Bazar, 14. Taltala, 15. Kalinga, 16. Park Street, 17. Victoria Terrace, 18. Hastings, 19. Entali, 20. Beniapukur, 21. Baliganj-Tollyganj, 22. Bhabanipur, 23. Alipur, 24.Ekbalpur and 25. Watganj. A new municipal corporation was created in 1876, wherein 48 commissioners were elected and 24 were appointed by the government. With the implementation of the Municipal Consolidation Act of 1888 the area under the jurisdiction of the municipal corporation was enlarged. Certain areas were already there but more parts of them were added (current spellings) - Entally, Manicktala, Beliaghata, Ultadanga, Chitpur, Cossipore, Beniapukur, Ballygunge, Watganj and Ekbalpur, and Garden Reach and Tollygunj. The Calcutta Municipal Act of 1923 brought about important changes. It liberalised the constitution along democratic lines.

The state government superseded the Corporation in 1948 and the Calcutta Municipal Act of 1951 came into force. Adult franchise was introduced in municipal elections in 1962. With the addition of certain areas in the southern parts of the city, the number of wards increased from 75 to 144.

## Geography

Ward No. 62 is bordered on the north by Marquis Street, Haji Mohammed Mohosin Square, Dedar Baksh Lane, Taltala Lane and Abdul Halim Lane; on the east by Acharyya Jagadish Chandra Bose Road; on the south by Muzaffar Ahmed Street; and on the west by Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Street.

The ward is served by Park Street and Taltala police stations of Kolkata Police.

Tollygunge Womens police station has jurisdiction over all the police districts in the South Division, i.e. Park Street, Shakespeare Sarani, Alipore, Hastings, Maidan, Bhowanipore, Kalighat, Tollygunge, Charu Market, New Alipur and Chetla.

Taltala Women police station covers all police districts under the jurisdiction of the Central division i.e. Bowbazar, Burrabazar, Girish Park, Hare Street, Jorasanko, Muchipara, New Market, Taltala and Posta.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, Ward No. 62, Kolkata Municipal Corporation, had a total population of 34,832, of which 18,736 (54%) were males and 16,096 (46%) were females. Population below 6 years was 3,395. The total number of literates in Ward No. 62 was 27,049 (86.04% of the population over 6 years).

Kolkata is the second most literate district in West Bengal. The literacy rate of Kolkata district has increased from 53.0% in 1951 to 86.3% in the 2011 census.

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

| Literacy in KMC wards
 |
| --- |
| North Kolkata |
| Ward No. 1 – 86.12% |
| Ward No. 2 – 94.24% |
| Ward No. 3 – 86.74% |
| Ward No. 4 – 89.27% |
| Ward No. 5 – 90.32% |
| Ward No. 6 – 81.12% |
| Ward No. 7 – 87.65% |
| Ward No. 8 – 93.57% |
| Ward No. 9 – 91.60% |
| Ward No. 10 – 92.38% |
| Ward No. 11 – 87.96% |
| Ward No. 12 – 84.95% |
| Ward No. 13 – 83.39% |
| Ward No. 14 – 87.87% |
| Ward No. 15 – 88.89% |
| Ward No. 16 – 88.62% |
| Ward No. 17 – 92.30% |
| Ward No. 18 – 78.72% |
| Ward No. 19 – 89.29% |
| Ward No. 20 – 85.93% |
| Ward No. 21 – 78.12% |
| Ward No. 22 – 85.07% |
| Ward No. 23 – 71.14% |
| Ward No. 24 – 73.16% |
| Ward No. 25 – 85.49% |
| Ward No. 26 – 82.34% |
| Ward No. 27 – 88.19% |
| Ward No. 28 – 79.39% |
| Ward No. 29 – 70.69% |
| Ward No. 30 – 88.71% |
| Ward No. 31 – 88.28% |
| Ward No. 32 – 75.73% |
| Ward No. 33 – 91.17% |
| Central Kolkata |
| Ward No. 34 – 92.79% |
| Ward No. 35 – 91.44% |
| Ward No. 36 – 66.34% |
| Ward No. 37 – 79.12% |
| Ward No. 38 – 85.77% |
| Ward No. 39 – 73.27% |
| Ward No. 40 – 88.14% |
| Ward No. 41 – 83.53% |
| Ward No. 42 – 75.02% |
| Ward No. 43 – 79.52% |
| Ward No. 44 – 79.09% |
| Ward No. 45 – 74.69% |
| Ward No. 46 – 85.38% |
| Ward No. 47 – 87.87% |
| Ward No. 48 – 82.04% |
| Ward No. 49 – 65.51% |
| Ward No. 50 – 88.70% |
| Ward No. 51 – 93.01% |
| Ward No. 52 – 86.18% |
| Ward No. 53 – 89.49% |
| Ward No. 54 – 82.10% |
| Ward No. 55 – 84.84% |
| Ward No. 56 – 85.53% |
| Ward No. 57 – 80.20% |
| Ward No. 58 – 74.35% |
| Ward No. 59 – 80.39% |
| Ward No. 60 – 74.04% |
| Ward No. 61 – 80.54% |
| Ward No. 62 – 86.04% |
| Ward No. 63 – 84.39% |
| Ward No. 64 – 85.21% |
| Ward No. 65 – 81.60% |
| South Kolkata |
| Ward No. 66 – 80.95% |
| Ward No. 67 – 89.52% |
| Ward No. 68 – 90.86% |
| Ward No. 69 – 86.07% |
| Ward No. 70 – 94.20% |
| Ward No. 71 – 92.01% |
| Ward No. 72 – 90.06% |
| Ward No. 73 – 89.28% |
| Ward No. 74 – 84.56% |
| Ward No. 75 – 80.27% |
| Ward No. 76 – 88.40% |
| Ward No. 77 – 83.84% |
| Ward No. 78 – 83.00% |
| Ward No. 79 – 81.96% |
| Ward No. 80 – 71.89% |
| Ward No. 81 – 85.14% |
| Ward No. 82 – 84.82% |
| Ward No. 83 – 85.63% |
| Ward No. 84 – 85.71% |
| Ward No. 85 – 88.19% |
| Ward No. 86 – 89.61% |
| Ward No. 87 – 90.26% |
| Ward No. 88 – 85.09% |
| Ward No. 89 – 92.40% |
| Ward No. 90 – 84.60% |
| Ward No. 91 – 90.57% |
| Ward No. 92 – 93.53% |
| Ward No. 93 – 91.30% |
| Ward No. 94 – 89.11% |
| Ward No. 95 – 95.61% |
| Ward No. 96 – 96.57% |
| Ward No. 97 – 94.60% |
| Ward No. 98 – 96.24% |
| Ward No. 99 – 95.79% |
| Ward No. 100 – 95.98% |
| Ward No. 101 – 95.36% |
| Ward No. 102 – 93.53% |
| Ward No. 103 – 94.77% |
| Ward No. 104 – 96.03% |
| Ward No. 105 – 93.86% |
| Ward No. 106 – 92.97% |
| Ward No. 107 – 90.06% |
| Ward No. 108 – 80.74% |
| Ward No. 109 – 85.49% |
| Ward No. 110 – 91.35% |
| Ward No. 111 – 93.36% |
| Ward No. 112 – 92.50% |
| Ward No. 113 – 92.18% |
| Ward No. 114 – 91.13% |
| Ward No. 115 – 95.53% |
| Ward No. 116 – 86.91% |
| Ward No. 117 – 86.53% |
| Ward No. 118 – 90.04% |
| Ward No. 119 – 94.04% |
| Ward No. 120 – 92.15% |
| Ward No. 121 – 91.86% |
| Ward No. 122 – 92.88% |
| Ward No. 123 – 93.42% |
| Ward No. 124 – 92.55% |
| Ward No. 125 – 92.50% |
| Ward No. 126 – 93.78% |
| Ward No. 127 – 91.82% |
| Ward No. 128 – 92.67% |
| Ward No. 129 – 92.56% |
| Ward No. 130 – 95.55% |
| Ward No. 131 – 93.48% |
| Ward No. 132 – 90.30% |
| Ward No. 133 – 83.48% |
| Ward No. 134 – 73.75% |
| Ward No. 135 – 75.75% |
| Ward No. 136 – 85.01% |
| Ward No. 137 – 79.16% |
| Ward No. 138 – 78.67% |
| Ward No. 139 – 77.56% |
| Ward No. 140 – 79.93% |
| Ward No. 141 – 75.15% |
| Note: The regional distribution
is a broad one and
there is some overlapping |
| Source:
2011 Census: Ward-Wise
Primary Census Abstract Data |

Census data about mother tongue and religion is not available at the ward level. For district level information see Kolkata district.

According to the District Census Handbook Kolkata 2011, 141 wards of Kolkata Municipal Corporation formed Kolkata district. (3 wards were added later).

## Election highlights

The ward forms a city municipal corporation council electoral constituency and is a part of Chowrangee (Vidhan Sabha constituency).

| Election
year | Constituency | Name of councillor | Party affililiation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2005 | Ward No. 62 | Late Iqbal Ahmed | Indian National Congress |  |
| 2010 |  | Late Iqbal Ahmed | All India Trinamool Congress |  |
| 2015 |  | Sana Ahmed | All India Trinamool Congress |  |

Kolkata/South travel guide from Wikivoyage

## InfoBox

| Ward No. 62 | |
| --- | --- |
| Kolkata Municipal Corporation | |
| Interactive Map Outlining Ward No. 62 | |
| Ward No. 62Location in Kolkata | |
| Coordinates (dms): 22°33′17″N 88°21′38″E / 22.554839°N 88.360625°E / 22.554839; 88.360625 | |
| Country | India |
| State | West Bengal |
| City | Kolkata |
| Neighbourhoods | Taltala (Ripon Street-Alimuddin Street), Moulali |
| Reservation | Women(Open) |
| Parliamentary constituency | Kolkata Uttar |
| Assembly constituency | Chowrangee |
| Borough | 6 |
| Government | |
| Type | Mayor-Council |
| Body | KMC |
| Councillor | Sana Ahmed |
| Political Party | AITC |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 34,832 |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 700 016 |
| Area code | +91 33 |


title: Paddy Agnew (Stormont MP)

abstract: Paddy Agnew was a politician in Northern Ireland. Agnew was brought up a Roman Catholic and held nationalist views. However his politics were also leaning towards labourism, and he had clashes with more conservative Catholic politicians. He formed the Armagh Employed and Unemployed Association in 1932, and the following year set up a local branch of the Northern Ireland Labour Party. Generally unemployed due to poor health, Agnew organised mental health workers and in 1937 founded the Armagh Federation of Labour. Agnew was elected unopposed for South Armagh at the 1938 Northern Ireland general election, as the incumbent Republican and the local Nationalist Party both boycotted the election. He won a seat on Armagh County Council in 1939 from Nationalist Senator Thomas McLaughlin. Agnew lost his Parliamentary seat at the 1945 general election. However, he held his County Council seat, and also won a seat on the newly re-established Armagh City Council, which he held until 1958.

text:
# Paddy Agnew (Stormont MP)

**Paddy Agnew** (1878 – fl. 1958) was a politician in Northern Ireland.

Agnew was brought up a Roman Catholic and held nationalist views. However his politics were also leaning towards labourism, and he had clashes with more conservative Catholic politicians.

He formed the Armagh Employed and Unemployed Association in 1932, and the following year set up a local branch of the Northern Ireland Labour Party. Generally unemployed due to poor health, Agnew organised mental health workers and in 1937 founded the Armagh Federation of Labour.

Agnew was elected unopposed for South Armagh at the 1938 Northern Ireland general election, as the incumbent Republican and the local Nationalist Party both boycotted the election. He won a seat on Armagh County Council in 1939 from Nationalist Senator Thomas McLaughlin.

Agnew lost his Parliamentary seat at the 1945 general election. However, he held his County Council seat, and also won a seat on the newly re-established Armagh City Council, which he held until 1958.

1. Mary T. McVeigh, "A Working Class Hero Archived 10 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine", *The Other View*
2. Michael Farrell, *Northern Ireland: The Orange State*
3. "Biographies of Members of the Northern Ireland House of Commons". Archived from the original on 26 February 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2007.


title: Inishmaine Abbey

abstract: Inishmaine Abbey is a former Augustinian monastery and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland.

text:
# Inishmaine Abbey

**Inishmaine Abbey** is a former Augustinian monastery and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland.

## Location

Inishmaine Abbey is located on the eastern shores of Lough Mask, southwest of Ballinrobe. It once stood on an island, but canal construction lowered the water level and it is now on a peninsula.

## History

Inishmaine was an early monastic site, founded in the 7th century by St Corbmac.

It was refounded after 1223 and settled by Arroasian Augustinian nuns (possibly from Annaghdown Nunnery) and was dependent on Kilcreevanty.

Inishmaine Abbey was dissolved c. 1587. During the troubles of the 17th century the Abbey was burned down.

## Building

All that remains is the 13th century church and 15th century gatehouse. A number of ashlar blocks in the nave and the lintelled north doorway may have come from an earlier structure. There are carved capitals on the chancel arch.

The twin east window is also decorated in mouldings of wild and imaginary animals.

## InfoBox

Inishmaine Abbey
| Mainistir Inis Meáin | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location within Ireland | |
| Monastery information | |
| Other names | Inis-medhon, Inis-meadhoin, Inis-meadhon, Inchmean |
| Order | Augustinians |
| Established | 7th century |
| Disestablished | c. 1587 |
| Mother house | Kilcreevanty Abbey |
| Diocese | Tuam |
| People | |
| Founder(s) | Corbmac |
| Architecture | |
| Status | ruined |
| Style | Norman |
| Site | |
| Location | Inishmaine, Ballinrobe, County Mayo |
| Coordinates | 53°35′53″N 9°18′05″W / 53.598092°N 9.301341°W / 53.598092; -9.301341 |
| Visible remains | church, gatehouse |
| Public access | yes |
|  | |
| National monument of Ireland | |
| Official name | Inishmaine Abbey |
| Reference no. | 302 |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Historical Marker Database

abstract:
The Historical Marker Database (HMdb.org) is an online database that documents locations of numerous historical markers and commemorative plaques in the United States as well as other countries. The database was launched in 2006 by computer programmer J. J. Prats. The HMdb was launched in 2006 with 179 markers that Prats had personally documented. By 2015 the site listed more than 74,000 markers.
In addition to listing markers in the United States, the site also lists some markers from more than 40 other countries.
By the start of 2018, the site documented more than 100,000 markers. The HMdb has been described as "crowdsourced", and according to the site's self-description, "Anyone can add new markers to the database and update existing marker pages with new photographs, links, information and commentary." Editors review entries before they are accepted into the database. Artist Paul Druecke described the HMdb as "a different sort of catalogue", one that "allows geeks like me to explore historical plaques throughout the United States."
Druecke did a series of charcoal drawings depicting official state-sponsored plaques. In 2011, Silvio Lacetti argued that the HMdb "offers a wonderful opportunity" for history teachers to instill interest in students by being "a Columbus leading his or her young crew on journeys of local historical discovery", enabling them "to search, discover and learn" through historical markers. The HMdb displays historical event locations using Google Maps. The HMdb served as the basis for the database for the online augmented reality game Ingress, which was then later repurposed for Pokémon Go.

text:
# Historical Marker Database

The **Historical Marker Database** (HMdb.org) is an online database that documents locations of numerous historical markers and commemorative plaques in the United States as well as other countries. The database was launched in 2006 by computer programmer J. J. Prats.

The HMdb was launched in 2006 with 179 markers that Prats had personally documented. By 2015 the site listed more than 74,000 markers. In addition to listing markers in the United States, the site also lists some markers from more than 40 other countries. By the start of 2018, the site documented more than 100,000 markers.

The HMdb has been described as "crowdsourced", and according to the site's self-description, "Anyone can add new markers to the database and update existing marker pages with new photographs, links, information and commentary." Editors review entries before they are accepted into the database.

Artist Paul Druecke described the HMdb as "a different sort of catalogue", one that "allows geeks like me to explore historical plaques throughout the United States." Druecke did a series of charcoal drawings depicting official state-sponsored plaques.

In 2011, Silvio Lacetti argued that the HMdb "offers a wonderful opportunity" for history teachers to instill interest in students by being "a Columbus leading his or her young crew on journeys of local historical discovery", enabling them "to search, discover and learn" through historical markers.

The HMdb displays historical event locations using Google Maps. The HMdb served as the basis for the database for the online augmented reality game Ingress, which was then later repurposed for Pokémon Go.

## Bibliography (additional)

* Chung, Yun Shun Susie (September 2017). "Collections of Historical Markers and Signage and Public Programming Online at Public History Institutions Such as Museums and Archives". *Collections*. **13** (3–4): 243–263. doi:10.1177/155019061701303-404. ISSN 1550-1906. S2CID 159274763.


title: Moovattumugam

abstract: Moovattumugam is a hamlet in India situated 2 km north-west to Thiruvattar, where the rivers Kothai and Pahrali unify to flow southwest towards the Arabian Sea. An ancient Sastha Temple is situated the bank of Moovattumugom. Every year 1000 of hindhus visiting here for Balidharpanam on karkidavaavu foe remembering their ancestors. Thottavaram Lady of assumption Church and CSI Church Thottavaram are adjacent to this hamlet. Zigma Sports and arts club is one of the youth sports and arts development club in Thottavaram (Moovattumugam). Village towns Attoor & Thiruvattar are 1.5 km away.

text:
# Moovattumugam

**Moovattumugam** is a hamlet in India situated 2 km north-west to Thiruvattar, where the rivers Kothai and Pahrali unify to flow southwest towards the Arabian Sea. An ancient Sastha Temple is situated the bank of Moovattumugom. Every year 1000 of hindhus visiting here for Balidharpanam on karkidavaavu foe remembering their ancestors. Thottavaram Lady of assumption Church and CSI Church Thottavaram are adjacent to this hamlet. Zigma Sports and arts club is one of the youth sports and arts development club in Thottavaram (**Moovattumugam**). Village towns Attoor & Thiruvattar are 1.5 km away.

## InfoBox

| Moovattumugam | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | Kanyakumari |
| Languages | |
| Official | Tamil |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Nearest city | Nagercoil |


title: It's Time (Jimmy D. Lane album)

abstract: It's Time is a blues album released in 2004 by Jimmy D. Lane. It was described by reviewers as "an excellent place" to seek inspiration for "any fan of serious blues guitar". The album was recorded with Double Trouble, the former bandmates of Stevie Ray Vaughan, whose musical style it emulates. Celia Ann Price and Mike Finnegan play the keyboards.

text:
# It's Time (Jimmy D. Lane album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***It's Time*** is a blues album released in 2004 by Jimmy D. Lane. It was described by reviewers as "an excellent place" to seek inspiration for "any fan of serious blues guitar". The album was recorded with Double Trouble, the former bandmates of Stevie Ray Vaughan, whose musical style it emulates. Celia Ann Price and Mike Finnegan play the keyboards.

## Track listing

1. "What Makes People"
2. "'Til I Loved You"
3. "Half Love"
4. "Ain't It a Pity"
5. "It's Time"
6. "Stuck in the Middle"
7. "Hand on the Door"
8. "Bad Luck"
9. "My Nature"
10. "24-7"
11. "Bleeding Heart" - (Jimmy D. Lane, Elmore James)
12. "Salina"

## InfoBox

| It's Time | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Jimmy D. Lane | |
| Released | 2004 |
| Recorded | 2001 |
| Studio | Blue Heaven Studios, Salina, Kansas |
| Genre | Blues |
| Label | Analogue Productions |
| Producer | Eddie Kramer |
| Jimmy D. Lane chronology | |
| *Legacy*
(1998) ***It's Time***
(2004) | |


title: Juliane Wolf

abstract: Juliane Wolf is a German para table tennis player who competes in international level events. She is a double World silver medalist and seven time European medalist. She competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics where she lost in the bronze medal match to Josephine Medina.

text:
# Juliane Wolf

**Juliane Wolf** (born 26 February 1988) is a German para table tennis player who competes in international level events. She is a double World silver medalist and seven time European medalist. She competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics where she lost in the bronze medal match to Josephine Medina.

## InfoBox

Juliane Wolf
| at the Slovenia Open, 2011 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nickname | Jule |
| Born | (1988-02-26) 26 February 1988<br>Eisenhüttenstadt, Germany |
| Height | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) |
| Sport | |
| Country | Germany |
| Sport | Para table tennis |
| Disability | Cerebral palsy |
| Disability class | C8 |
| Club | BSG Offenburg |
| Coached by | Oliver Weber |
| Medal record      Para table tennis  Representing  Germany  Paralympic Games  2024 Paris Doubles WD14  2024 Paris Singles C8  World Championships  2014 Beijing Women's teams C6-8  2014 Beijing Women's singles C8  European Championships  2017 Lasko Women's teams C6-8  2011 Split Women's singles C8  2015 Vejle Women's singles C8  2015 Vejle Women's teams C6-8  2017 Lasko Women's singles C8  2019 Helsingborg Women's teams C6-8  2011 Split Women's teams C8 | |


title: Raxa

abstract: Raxa is a genus of true bugs in the family Pyrrhocoridae. Unlike most pyrrhocorids, members of this genus are predatory, rather than herbivorous.

text:
# Raxa

***Raxa*** is a genus of true bugs in the family Pyrrhocoridae. Unlike most pyrrhocorids, members of this genus are predatory, rather than herbivorous.

## InfoBox

| *Raxa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Heteroptera |
| Family: | Pyrrhocoridae |
| Genus: | ***Raxa***<br>Distant, 1919 |
|


title: Haplogroup IJK

abstract: Haplogroup IJK is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. IJK is a primary branch of the macrohaplogroup HIJK. Its direct descendants are haplogroup IJ and haplogroup K.

text:
# Haplogroup IJK

**Haplogroup IJK** is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. IJK is a primary branch of the macrohaplogroup HIJK. Its direct descendants are haplogroup IJ and haplogroup K.

## Distribution and structure

IJK has not been reported in modern populations or in ancient human remains. Previously basal paragroup HIJK\* was reported in a Mesolithic European (Magdalenian), GoyetQ-2, and Upper Paleolithic European (Gravettian), Vestonice16. Later study in 2023 with high quality sequencing of Magdalenian, GoyetQ-2, Gravettian, Vestonice16 were assigned with Haplogroup I.

Populations with high proportions of males who belong to descendant major haplogroups of Haplogroup HIJK live across widely dispersed areas and populations. Subclades of IJK are now concentrated in males native to:

### Structure

#### Basic phylogeny

* **IJK**
    + **IJK** (L15/S137, L16/S138, L69.1(=G)/S163.1)
        - IJ (M429/P125, P123, P124, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22)
        - (M9, P128, P131, P132)

#### Phylogenetic tree

† = A basal haplogroup that has not been documented among living individuals.

(Based on the YCC 2008 tree and subsequent published research.)

## Mutation

### L15

The defining SNP *L15* is located at Y chromosomal location rs9786139 with the ancestral value being  and the derived value being .

### L16

The defining SNP *L16* is at location rs9786714 with the ancestral value being **G** and the derived value being **A**.

1. The remains of Ust'-Ishim man, dating from 45,000 BP have been found to be NO\*, meaning that IJK must be significantly older.
2. "FTDNA Advanced SNP Descriptions". Archived from the original on 2010-12-27. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
3. Fu, Q.; Posth, C.; Hajdinjak, M.; Petr, M.; Mallick, S.; Fernandes, D.; Furtwängler, A.; Haak, W.; Meyer, M.; Mittnik, A.; Nickel, B.; Peltzer, A.; Rohland, N.; Slon, V.; Talamo, S.; Lazaridis, I.; Lipson, M.; Mathieson, I.; Schiffels, S.; Skoglund, P.; Derevianko, A. P.; Drozdov, N.; Slavinsky, V.; Tsybankov, A.; Cremonesi, R. G.; Mallegni, F.; Gély, B.; Vacca, E.; González Morales, M. R.; et al. (2016). "The genetic history of Ice Age Europe". *Nature*. **534** (7606): 200–205. Bibcode:2016Natur.534..200F. doi:10.1038/nature17993. PMC 4943878. PMID 27135931.
4. Posth, Cosimo; et al. (March 2023). "Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers". *Nature*. **615** (7950): 117–126. Bibcode:2023Natur.615..117P. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0. hdl:10256/23099. ISSN 1476-4687. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
5. " caption caption="Mark Lipson et al (2014)
6. Fu, Qiaomei; Li, Heng; Moorjani, Priya; Jay, Flora; Slepchenko, Sergey M.; Bondarev, Aleksei A.; Johnson, Philip L. F.; Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer; Prüfer, Kay; De Filippo, Cesare; Meyer, Matthias; Zwyns, Nicolas; Salazar-García, Domingo C.; Kuzmin, Yaroslav V.; Keates, Susan G.; Kosintsev, Pavel A.; Razhev, Dmitry I.; Richards, Michael P.; Peristov, Nikolai V.; Lachmann, Michael; Douka, Katerina; Higham, Thomas F. G.; Slatkin, Montgomery; Hublin, Jean-Jacques; Reich, David; Kelso, Janet; Viola, T. Bence; Pääbo, Svante (2014). "Genome sequence of a 45,000-year-old modern human from western Siberia" (PDF). *Nature*. **514** (7523): 445–449. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..445F. doi:10.1038/nature13810. PMC 4753769. PMID 25341783. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-26.
7. Tatiana M. Karafet, Fernando L. Mendez, Herawati Sudoyo, J. Stephen Lansing and Michael F. Hammer; 2015, "Improved phylogenetic resolution and rapid diversification of Y-chromosome haplogroup K-M526 in Southeast Asia", *European Journal of Human Genetics*, no. 23 (March), pp. 369–73.
8. Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF (2008). "New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree". *Genome Research*. **18** (5): 830–8. doi:10.1101/gr.7172008. PMC 2336805. PMID 18385274.

## InfoBox

| Haplogroup IJK | |
| --- | --- |
| Possible time of origin | 49,000-59,000 BP |
| Possible place of origin | Eurasia |
| Ancestor | Haplogroup HIJK |
| Descendants | IJ, |
| Defining mutations | L15/S137, L16/S138, L69.1(=G)/S163.1 |


title: Paddy's Show and Telly

abstract: Paddy's Show and Telly is a British one-off game show that aired two editions on ITV on 29 December 2011 and 22 December 2012, hosted by Paddy McGuinness.

text:
# Paddy's Show and Telly

***Paddy's Show and Telly*** is a British one-off game show that aired two editions on ITV on 29 December 2011 and 22 December 2012, hosted by Paddy McGuinness.

## Format

The format of the show involves three rounds, and three different teams. The first round features a board which contains six different categories. Each team must pick one of the categories, and thus, must answer one major question on the subject. They are then asked three sub-related questions, and overall, can earn up to a total of forty points.

The second round involves a telly carousel, which contains twelve different video clips from programmes. Paddy begins by starting the carousel, and when it stops, each team are asked to watch the clip and answer four questions on it. Thus, another forty points are on offer. The team with the fewest points at the end of round two are eliminated.

The final round involves Paddy's planner, where the two remaining teams go head-to-head by answering a series of questions based on programmes featured in an interactive Sky television planner. The team who answer the most questions correctly in the final round are awarded £20,000.

## Episodes

| Key | Team came 1st place | Team came 2nd place | Team came 3rd place |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

| Original Air Date | Blue Team | Green Team | Pink Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 29 December 2011 | Anton du Beke & Russell Grant1 | Melanie Sykes & Michelle Collins | Mark Wright & Crissy Rock |
| 22 December 2012 | Denise van Outen & Nicky Byrne | Antony Cotton & Chris Fountain2 | Nicholas Owen & Kate Garraway |
|

1Team won the jackpot of £20,000 for Sparks and Alzheimer's Society
2Team won the jackpot of £20,000 for The Terrence Higgins Trust and British Heart Foundation

## InfoBox

| *Paddy's Show and Telly* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Presented by | Paddy McGuinness |
| Country of origin | United Kingdom |
| Original language | English |
| No. of episodes | 2 |
| Production | |
| Production location | BBC Television Centre |
| Running time | 60 minutes (inc. adverts) |
| Production companies | Twofour and GroupM |
| Original release | |
| Network | ITV |
| Release | 29 December 2011 (2011-12-29)
22 December 2012 (2012-12-22) |


title: Ingalagi, Kundgol

abstract:
Ingalagi is a village in the Kundgol taluk of Dharwad district in the Indian state of Karnataka.
Ingalagi is 30 km from Hubli and Shishuvinahala is 6 km from here.

text:
# Ingalagi, Kundgol

**Ingalagi** is a village in the Kundgol taluk of Dharwad district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Ingalagi is 30 km from Hubli and Shishuvinahala is 6 km from here.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 Census of India there were 859 households in Ingalagi and a total population of 4,224 consisting of 2,178 males and 2,046 females. There were 450 children ages 0-6.

## InfoBox

| Ingalagi | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| IngalagiIngalagi | |
| Coordinates: 15°7′18.36″N 75°14′7.07″E / 15.1217667°N 75.2352972°E / 15.1217667; 75.2352972 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Karnataka |
| District | Dharwad district |
| Taluk | Kundgol |
| Government | |
| Type | Panchayat raj |
| Body | Gram panchayat |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 4,224 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Kannada |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 580 028 |
| Telephone code | 08304 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-KA |
| Vehicle registration | KA 25 & KA 63 |
| Website | karnataka.gov.in |


title: Nicolae Secăreanu

abstract: Nicolae Secăreanu was a well-known Romanian opera bass singer and actor. Born in Nanov, Teleorman County, he attended the Matei Basarab High School in Bucharest and then the Law School at the University of Bucharest. He made his operatic debut on January 31, 1931 as Pimen in Mussorsky's Boris Godunov. Memorable were his 1942 performance in Berlioz's La damnation de Faust, conducted by George Enescu, and his 1945 reprise of the Boris Godunov opera, this time in the title role.

text:
# Nicolae Secăreanu

**Nicolae Secăreanu** (Romanian pronunciation: \[nikoˈla.e sekəˈre̯anu\]; 12 July 1901 – 29 September 1992) was a well-known Romanian opera bass singer and actor.

Born in Nanov, Teleorman County, he attended the Matei Basarab High School in Bucharest and then the Law School at the University of Bucharest. He made his operatic debut on January 31, 1931 as Pimen in Mussorsky's Boris Godunov. Memorable were his 1942 performance in Berlioz's La damnation de Faust, conducted by George Enescu, and his 1945 reprise of the Boris Godunov opera, this time in the title role.

## Filmography

## InfoBox

| Nicolae Secăreanu | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Nicolae Secăreanu
(1901-07-12)July 12, 1901
Nanov, Teleorman County, Kingdom of Romania |
| Died | 29 September 1992(1992-09-29) (aged 91)
Bucharest, Romania |
| Alma mater | University of Bucharest |
| Occupation(s) | Opera singer, actor |
| Years active | 1931–1988 |


title: Mordella testaceohumeralis

abstract: Mordella testaceohumeralis is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1936.

text:
# Mordella testaceohumeralis

***Mordella testaceohumeralis*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordella* of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1936.

## InfoBox

| *Mordella testaceohumeralis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Subfamily: | Mordellinae |
| Tribe: | Mordellini |
| Genus: | *Mordella* |
| Species: | ***M. testaceohumeralis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordella testaceohumeralis***<br>Píc, 1936 | |
|


title: Itumirim

abstract: Itumirim is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Campo das Vertentes and to the microregion of Lavras. As of 2020 it has a population of 6,000. "Itumirim" is a term of Tupi origin meaning "little waterfall." It became a municipality by the state Decree Law No. 1058 of December 31, 1943.

text:
# Itumirim

**Itumirim** is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Campo das Vertentes and to the microregion of Lavras. As of 2020 it has a population of 6,000.

"Itumirim" is a term of Tupi origin meaning "little waterfall." It became a municipality by the state Decree Law No. 1058 of December 31, 1943.

## Geography

The municipality is in the Immediate Geographic Region of Lavras, in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Varginha.

### Ecclesiastical circumscription

The municipality is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of São João del-Rei.

## InfoBox

| Itumirim | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Location in the state of Minas Gerais | |
| ItumirimLocation in Brazil | |
| Coordinates: 21°19′1″S 44°52′15″W / 21.31694°S 44.87083°W / -21.31694; -44.87083 | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Region | Southeast |
| State | Minas Gerais |
| Mesoregion | Campo das Vertentes |
| Population (2020 ) | |
| Total | 6,000 |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| Website | www.itumirim.mg.gov.br |


title: Jules Williams

abstract:
Julian Lloyd "Jules" Williams is a British writer, director, and producer. He has collaborated with best selling authors, he wrote both the Living The Life accompanying book and The Weigh Forward, and is the Director and Producer of Sky Arts 1 & Back Door Productions Living The Life.
In February 2009, Williams was invited to test the credibility of his profession when BBC's Newsnight ran a feature on the practice of remote viewing.

text:
# Jules Williams

**Julian Lloyd "Jules" Williams** (born 23 July 1968) is a British writer, director, and producer. He has collaborated with best selling authors, he wrote both the *Living The Life* accompanying book and *The Weigh Forward*, and is the Director and Producer of Sky Arts 1 & Back Door Productions Living The Life. In February 2009, Williams was invited to test the credibility of his profession when BBC's Newsnight ran a feature on the practice of remote viewing.

## Television

Williams' career in television began when he moved to London to work on *Psychic Today* for Sky Television as a psychic and presenter. His interest in production led him to direct and produce his own television show *Living the Life* with Back Door Productions for Sky Arts. Jules worked alongside contributors including Stephen Fry, Robin Gibb, Joanna Lumley, John Hurt, Hans Zimmer, Elaine Paige and many others.

Williams is set to work alongside Nick Pope former head of the British Government's UFO program in Back Door Production's *Contact Alien Hybrid*.

## Living The life

William's is the director and co-producer of the Sky Arts series Living The Life, now in its third season.

### Season One

### Season Two

### Season Three

## Writer

Williams contributes to magazines and newspapers such as *Macs Magazine*, *Cover Media*, *Soho House*, *The Guardian Cardiff*, and *The Irish World*. Jules Williams is a regular contributor to *Natural Health Magazine*, and is included as one of the publications panel of leading experts on matters of the mind, body and soul.

Williams' book *The Weigh Forward* posits subconscious blocks as the real reason that people hold on to weight at an increasing pace. The book is available in hard copy and for the Kindle

Williams' most recent release is *Living The Life*, the accompanying book to the hit Sky Arts Television Series of the same name. It was released in conjunction with Tesco Entertainment and Back Door Productions & Management.

Williams' also contributed to the children's book The Tree of Seasons helping to finish it after the untimely death of Boyzone member and writer Stephen Gately

## InfoBox

| Jules Williams | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1968-07-23) 23 July 1968<br>Abergavenny, Wales, United Kingdom |
| Nationality | British |
| Alma mater | Bath Spa University |
| Occupation(s) | Television producer, television director, television writer |
| Website | www.juleswilliams.com |


title: Raxaul Airport

abstract: Raxaul Airport is an airport located at Raxaul in the state of Bihar, India. It was established after the Sino-Indian War of 1962, when it served as an emergency landing ground for the Indian Army. The Airports Authority of India (AAI) that owns the airport has undertaken a pre-feasibility study at the airport to upgrade the airport to handle ATR-72 aircraft. A draft Master Plan highlighting a requirement of an additional 121 acres of land has been submitted to the State Government. There have been recent proposals to expand the airport.

text:
# Raxaul Airport

**Raxaul Airport** (ICAO: **VERL**) is an airport located at Raxaul in the state of Bihar, India. It was established after the Sino-Indian War of 1962, when it served as an emergency landing ground for the Indian Army. The Airports Authority of India (AAI) that owns the airport has undertaken a pre-feasibility study at the airport to upgrade the airport to handle ATR-72 aircraft. A draft Master Plan highlighting a requirement of an additional 121 acres of land has been submitted to the State Government. There have been recent proposals to expand the airport.

1. "MP push to airport renovation". The Telegraph. 13 December 2012. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
2. "Proposal to Operationalise Raxaul Airport". Press Information Bureau. 10 December 2013. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
3. "Cong MP Akhilesh Singh urges Union Civil Aviation minister for rebuilding Raxaul airport". *www.thehawk.in*. 27 June 2020.
4. Mufti, Ifrah (9 August 2019). "India spent Rs 36 crore in 2018-19 on 27 airports where not a single flight takes off".

## InfoBox

| Raxaul Airport<br>*Raxaul Havāī Aḍḍā* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Operator | Airports Authority of India |
| Location | Raxaul, Bihar, India |
| Elevation AMSL | 20 ft / 79 m |
| Coordinates | 26°59′47″N 084°49′14″E / 26.99639°N 84.82056°E / 26.99639; 84.82056 |
| Map | |
| **VERL**Airport in India**VERL****VERL** (India) | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  10/28 3,600 1,097 | |


title: Thomas Mostyn (sea captain)

abstract: Thomas Mostyn was a sea captain and slave trader active between New York and the Indian Ocean, and later in the Caribbean. He was one of the traders employed by New York merchant Frederick Philipse to smuggle supplies to the pirates of Madagascar.

text:
# Thomas Mostyn (sea captain)

**Thomas Mostyn** (fl. 1695–1716, last name also Mosson) was a sea captain and slave trader active between New York and the Indian Ocean, and later in the Caribbean. He was one of the traders employed by New York merchant Frederick Philipse to smuggle supplies to the pirates of Madagascar.

## History

Mostyn set out in 1695 from New York to Madagascar, calling on Adam Baldridge’s pirate trading post at St. Mary’s (Île Ste. Marie) in August. He stopped there to careen his 20-man 160-ton ship *Katherine*, selling his goods to the various pirates on the island before sailing to Madagascar to take on slaves for the return trip to New York. The *Katherine* had no guns and likely was intended for smuggling rather than piracy. It was owned by Frederick Philipse and had been chartered by Governor Benjamin Fletcher, who would later be relieved of his post for his dealings with pirates.

In 1697 Mostyn and his supercargo Robert Allison made another trip to Baldridge’s settlement for Philipse, this time in the 150-ton, 20-man, 8-gun *Fortune*. Among his officers was master's mate Hendrick van Hoven, who would later become a pirate captain on his own. Putting into port in June, he sold his goods to pirates (including John Hoar), and after a brief stay left to gather slaves for the return trip. That July Baldridge purchased part ownership of the visiting brigantine *Swift*, in which he sailed to mainland Madagascar to trade. At sea he met Mostyn, who warned him that the natives had risen in revolt, looted the settlement, and killed a number of pirates who had been ashore, Hoar among them. Mostyn convinced Baldridge to abandon the settlement and they returned to America, Mostyn carrying several pirates who’d elected to retire. Upon his return *Fortune* was impounded under suspicion of piracy.

When the native tribes overran Baldridge’s settlement, some of Hoar’s crew survived by allying with rival tribes. Among them was Otto Van Tuyl, who later sailed with Robert Culliford when he visited the island in 1698-1699, and afterwards booked passage back to New England aboard a merchant ship. Van Tuyl and Mostyn both made return trips to the area. Otto's brother Aert ("Ort") Van Tuyl a few years later sailed the region under John James (possibly under Booth and Bowen as well), and instigated the looting of Mostyn's ship: “they sail'd to St. Mary's, where Captain Mosson's Ship lay at Anchor, between the Island and the Main: This Gentleman and his whole Ship's Company had been cut off, at the Instigation of Ort Vantyle, a Dutchman of New-York.”

Mostyn eventually made his way back to the Americas. In 1716 the Spanish stepped up enforcement of their ban on non-Spaniards cutting logwood in the Bay of Campeche and the Bay of Honduras. They captured a number of English logwood ships and put their crews aboard small sloops. Some of the crews turned to piracy: “these Men being made desperate by their Misfortunes, and meeting with the Pyrates, they took on with them, and so encreas'd their Number.” Mostyn's New England-bound brigantine was listed among their victims; whether he joined the pirates is not recorded.

* James Plaintain and Abraham Samuel, two other ex-pirates who, like Baldridge, established trading posts on or near Madagascar.
* John Thurber and Samuel Burgess, two other ex-pirates who, like Mostyn, were employed by New York merchants to make smuggling trips to the pirates at Madagascar.

## InfoBox

| Thomas Mostyn | |
| --- | --- |
| Occupation | Slave trader |
| **Piratical career** | |
| Years active | 1695–1716 |
| Base of operations | New York, Indian Ocean |
|  | |


title: Wasilczyki

abstract: Wasilczyki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Suwałki, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

text:
# Wasilczyki

**Wasilczyki** \[vaɕilˈt͡ʂɨki\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Suwałki, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

## InfoBox

| Wasilczyki | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Wasilczyki | |
| Coordinates: 54°04′03″N 22°48′49″E / 54.06750°N 22.81361°E / 54.06750; 22.81361 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Podlaskie |
| County | Suwałki |
| Gmina | Suwałki |


abstract: Ivory Coast participated at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 6 October to 18 October 2018.

text:
# Ivory Coast at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics

**Ivory Coast** participated at the **2018 Summer Youth Olympics** in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 6 October to 18 October 2018.

## Competitors

| Sport | Boy | Girl | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Archery | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Athletics | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Taekwondo | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 2 | 1 | 3 |

## Archery

Individual

| Athlete | Event | Ranking round | | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final / BM | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Score | Seed | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | |
| Franck Eyeni | Boys' Individual | 658 | 20 | David Cadena (COL)
**L** 2–3 | *did not advance* | | | | |

Team

| Athletes | Event | Ranking round | | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final / BM | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Score | Seed | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | |
| Zhanna Naumova (UKR)
Franck Eyeni (CIV) | Mixed team | 1300 | 14 | Canales (ESP)
Aoshima (JPN)
**W** **5**–4 | Kharitonova (RUS)
Rezowan (BAN)
**L** **4**–5 | *did not advance* | | | 9 |

## Athletics

| Athlete | Event | Stage 1 | | Stage 2 | | Final Placing |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | |
| Gnanzou Desire Kodjo | Men's 400m | 50.47 | 13 | 51.11 | 17 | 16 |

## Taekwondo

| Athlete | Event | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final / BM | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Rank |
| Koumba Ibo | Girls' 63 kg | Petra Štolbová (CZE)
**L** 16-27 | *did not advance* | | | |

## InfoBox

| Ivory Coast at the
2018 Summer Youth Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | CIV |
| NOC | Comité National Olympique de Côte d'Ivoire |
| in Buenos Aires, Argentina
6 – 18 October 2018 | |
| Competitors | 3 in 3 sports |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| Summer Youth Olympics appearances | |
|  | |


title: Ophir (disambiguation)

abstract: Ophir is a region mentioned in the Bible that was famous for its wealth. It may also refer to:

text:
# Ophir (disambiguation)

**Ophir** (sometimes spelled Ofir) is a region mentioned in the Bible that was famous for its wealth. It may also refer to:

## People

**Ophir** is used as a first and last name among people of Jewish heritage and others. One of the common Hebrew translations for Goldman and Goldstein:

* Ophir, one of the sons of Joktan (Genesis 10:29)
* Ophir Pines-Paz, the interior minister of Israel, a Knesset member and one of the prominent members of the Israeli Labor Party
* Ofir Netzer, Israeli artistic gymnast
* Ophira Eisenberg, Canadian comedian and writer
* Adi Ophir, an Israeli philosopher at Tel Aviv University
* Shaike Ophir was an Israeli film actor, mime and comedian, considered one of the most important entertainers in Israel from the 1950s up to the 1980s

## Places

### United States

### Other places

## Ships

* RMS *Ophir*, a British ocean liner built in 1891 and scrapped in 1922
* SS *Ophir*, a Dutch steamship built in 1904 that became USS *Ophir* in 1918

## Other uses

* Ophir Award, the most important Israeli film award named after Shaike Ophir
* Ophir Energy, oil and gas exploration company
* Ophir (Conan), a nation in the fictional world of Conan the Barbarian


title: Nicolae Selymes

abstract: Nicolae Selymes is a Romanian former footballer who played as a forward. He is the uncle of Tibor Selymes who was also an international footballer.

text:
# Nicolae Selymes

**Nicolae Selymes** (born 11 March 1940) is a Romanian former footballer who played as a forward. He is the uncle of Tibor Selymes who was also an international footballer.

## International career

Nicolae Selymes played one game for Romania's national team when coach Silviu Ploeșteanu used him in a 1–3 loss against Morocco, sending him in the 70th minute of the game in order to replace Nicolae Tătaru.

## Honours

**Dinamo București**

## InfoBox

Nicolae Selymes
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1940-03-11) 11 March 1940 | | |
| Place of birth | Romania | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1961–1968 | Steagul Roșu Brașov | 99 | (13) |
| 1963 | Dinamo București (loan) | 8 | (2) |
| Total |  | **107** | **(15)** |
| International career | | | |
| 1962 | Romania | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Mordella tenuipes

abstract: Mordella tenuipes is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1891.

text:
# Mordella tenuipes

***Mordella tenuipes*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordella* of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1891.

## InfoBox

| *Mordella tenuipes* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Subfamily: | Mordellinae |
| Tribe: | Mordellini |
| Genus: | *Mordella* |
| Species: | ***M. tenuipes*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordella tenuipes***<br>Champion, 1891 | |
|


title: Judy Kelly

abstract: Julie Aileen Kelly, known professionally as Judy Kelly, was an Australian-born British actress. She arrived in Britain in 1932 after winning a competition organised by the Australian British Empire Films, which included 3 months tuition at the British International Studios at Elstree. She appeared in a number of films for British International Pictures during the 1930s. She was sometimes cast as a love interest for the comedian Leslie Fuller, and also appeared alongside the musical stars Gene Gerrard and Stanley Lupino. She appeared in the 1941 stage musical Lady Behave. Other wartime stage roles include Vernon Sylvaine's Women Aren't Angels and Warn That Man. Her final film was a supporting role in the comedy Warning to Wantons in 1949.

text:
# Judy Kelly

**Julie Aileen Kelly** (1 November 1913 – 22 October 1991), known professionally as **Judy Kelly**, was an Australian-born British actress. She arrived in Britain in 1932 after winning a competition organised by the Australian British Empire Films, which included 3 months tuition at the British International Studios at Elstree. She appeared in a number of films for British International Pictures during the 1930s. She was sometimes cast as a love interest for the comedian Leslie Fuller, and also appeared alongside the musical stars Gene Gerrard and Stanley Lupino.

She appeared in the 1941 stage musical *Lady Behave*. Other wartime stage roles include Vernon Sylvaine's *Women Aren't Angels* and *Warn That Man*.

Her final film was a supporting role in the comedy *Warning to Wantons* in 1949.

## Partial filmography

1. "Judy Kelly". *BFI*. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
2. British Pathé. "Elstree ... Here I Come! Aka Elstree ... Here I Am!". *britishpathe.com*.
3. "A Warning to Wantons (1949) - Donald B. Wilson - Cast and Crew - AllMovie". *AllMovie*.

## InfoBox

| Judy Kelly | |
| --- | --- |
| *Picturegoer* postcard | |
| Born | Julie Aileen Kelly
1 November 1913
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| Died | 22 October 1991 (aged 77)
London, England, UK |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1928–54 |


title: Thomas Mottershead

abstract: Thomas Mottershead VC, DCM was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

text:
# Thomas Mottershead

**Thomas Mottershead** VC, DCM (17 January 1892 – 12 January 1917) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

## Background

Thomas Mottershead was born in Widnes, Lancashire on 17 January 1892. He was the son of Thomas and Lucy Mottershead. He studied engineering at Widnes Technical School and was apprenticed as a fitter and turner after leaving school. In February 1914, he married Lilian Medlicott Bree and the couple had a son, Sydney, the following year. Mottershead was living at 31 Lilac Avenue in Widnes and working as a garage mechanic when World War I began. He enlisted in the Royal Flying Corps on 10 August 1914 as a mechanic, He was posted to the Central Flying school at Upavon and was promoted to Sergeant on 1 April 1916.

In May 1916 he began pilot training and 9 June of that year he obtained his Flying Certificate. He was posted to No.25 Squadron at St Omer, flying the FE 2, on 6 July 1916 and saw action in the Battle of the Somme.

## Distinguished Conduct Medal

One of his first operations was low-level bombing raid on a German anti-aircraft battery which he successfully destroyed. On 22 September, with 2/Lt C. Street as observer he bombed the railway station at Samain, destroying one ammunition train and strafing another. While climbing away from the target, their aircraft was attacked by a Fokker scout. Accounts of the engagement indicate that it was Mottershead's skillful manoeuvring which enabled Street to shoot the enemy aircraft down. For this action and other displays of gallantry, Sgt Mottershead was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal and promoted to the rank of Flight Sgt.

Undocumented accounts state that Mottershead and another No. 25 Squadron pilot landed on a German airfield, allowing their gunners to shoot up the hangars before taking off and escaping. The reputed date and location seem to remain unknown, but he was then transferred to No.20 Squadron at Clairmarais aerodrome.

## Victoria Cross

On 7 January 1917 near Ploegsteert Wood, Belgium, Sergeant Mottershead was on patrol in FE-2d (serial number A39) with observer Lt. Willian Edward Gower when he was engaged in combat by two Albatros D.III of Jasta 8. Lt Gower managed to hit one and put it out of the action, the second Albatros however, flown by German 'ace' *Leutnant* Walter Göttsch (20 victories), hit Mottershead's aircraft, with the petrol tank pierced and the machine was set on fire. Enveloped in flames which his observer was unable to subdue with a handheld fire extinguisher, the Sergeant was badly burned but nevertheless managed to take his aircraft back to the Allied lines and made a successful forced landing. The undercarriage collapsed on touching the ground however, throwing the observer clear but pinning Mottershead in his cockpit. He was subsequently rescued but died of burns to his face, arms and thighs five days later in Number 8 Casualty Clearing Station, Bailleul.

Mottershead received the only V.C. ever awarded to a non-commissioned RFC officer during the First World War. The medal was presented to Mottershead's widow Lilian by King George V in a ceremony in Hyde Park, London on 2 June 1917.

Lt Gower, 26, a pre-war railway engineering draughtsman from 62 Arthur Street, Derby, suffered severe facial burns and spent some eight-months recuperating prior to being transferred as an instructor to Palestine. He survived the war, and in May 1917 received the Military Cross from the King for his efforts to help Sgt Motterhead by spraying him with the aircraft's fire extinguisher, despite being on fire himself. Lt Gower had joined the Army in 1914 and had served at the Battle of the Somme with the Sherwood Foresters as an infantry officer. He was Mentioned in Despatches.

### Citation

> For most conspicuous bravery, endurance and skill, when attacked at an altitude of 9,000 feet; the petrol tank was pierced and the machine set on fire. Enveloped in flames, which his Observer, Lt. Gower was unable to subdue, this very gallant soldier succeeded in bringing his aeroplane back to our lines, and though he made a successful landing, the machine collapsed on touching the ground, pinning him beneath wreckage from which he was subsequently rescued. Though suffering extreme torture from burns, Sgt. Mottershead showed the most conspicuous presence of mind in the careful selection of a landing place, and his wonderful endurance and fortitude undoubtedly saved the life of his Observer. He has since succumbed to his injuries.

## Memorial Fund Concert

On Wednesday, 11 April 1917 the Mayor of Widnes held a concert in the Premier Picture House for the "Memorial Fund to the late Sergeant T. Mottershead V.C, D.C.M"

The flyer for that concert included a 'TRIBUTE TO "A VERY GALLANT SOLDIER"', by Amanda Bebbington, also published in the "Weekly News" on 16 February 1917.

**TRIBUTE TO "A VERY GALLANT SOLDIER"**
If I strove to tell this story as such story should be told,
I should write in jewel letters on a leaf of shining gold;
With a diamond pen to shrine each word as crystal as a tear,
And a blood-red fire of rubies to flash the record clear.
Oh! I cannot tell this story, for the flame is in my heart,
And my soul's afire with a vision of the mighty hero-part;
And I spill the diamonds, in tears, that blind my mortal eyes
As I dream the horror of that flight through the unpitying skies.
Oh! A nation's heart beats quicker with a proud exultant glow;
For such deeds as these can thrill her through her agony of woe.
And the England that doth render him her amplest meed of fame
Counts richest jewel in her crown her brave son's honoured name.
I leave the story all untold - too feeble are my words.
The ocean's diapason and the storm wind's thundering chords,
The very stars that strew the heavens, the suns that ceaseless roll
Shall sing and blaze the brighter since they keep that hero-soul.
(Amanda Bebbington, in the "Weekly News", 16 February 1917)

## Statue

On 1 April 2018 a statue commemorating Mottershead was unveiled in Victoria Park, Widnes.

* Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)
* *Pusher Aces of World War 1* Jon Guttman, Harry Dempsey. Osprey Pub Co, 2009. ISBN 1-84603-417-5, ISBN 978-1-84603-417-6.
* The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)
* VCs of the First World War - Air VCs (P G Cooksley, 1999)
* Wings: Over Flanders Fields OT: Airfield Attack - The Easy Way *simhq.com*, discussion 25 March 2015

## Endnotes

## InfoBox

| Thomas Mottershead | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 17 January 1892
Widnes, Lancashire, England |
| Died | 12 January 1917 (aged 24)
Bailleul, France |
| Buried | Bailleul Communal Cemetery Extension |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | Royal Flying Corps |
| Years of service | 1914 - 1917 |
| Rank | Sergeant |
| Unit | No. 20 Squadron |
| Battles/wars | World War I |
| Awards | Victoria Cross
Distinguished Conduct Medal |


title: Warli

abstract:
The Warli or Varli are an indigenous tribe (Adivasi) of western India, living in mountainous as well as coastal areas along the Maharashtra-Gujarat border and surrounding areas. They have their own animistic beliefs, life, customs and traditions, and as a result of acculturation they have adopted many Hindu beliefs. The Warli speak the unwritten Varli language which belongs to the southern zone of the Indo-Aryan languages.
Waralis have sub castes such as Murde varli, Davar varali.

text:
# Warli

The **Warli** or *Varli* are an indigenous tribe (Adivasi) of western India, living in mountainous as well as coastal areas along the Maharashtra-Gujarat border and surrounding areas. They have their own animistic beliefs, life, customs and traditions, and as a result of acculturation they have adopted many Hindu beliefs. The Warli speak the unwritten Varli language which belongs to the southern zone of the Indo-Aryan languages. Waralis have sub castes such as Murde varli, Davar varali.

## Demographics

Warlis are found in Jawhar, Vikramgad, Mokhada, Dahanu and Talasari talukas of the northern Palghar district, parts of Nashik and Dhule as well as Navapur taluka of Nandurbar of Maharashtra, Valsad, Dangs, Navsari and Surat districts of Gujarat, and the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.

## Language

The Warli speak the Varli language, classified as Marathi, with some degree of influence from Bhili.

Varli is classified under Marathi by Grierson (Grierson's Linguistic Survey of India) as well as A.M. Ghatage (Warli of Thana, vol. VII of A Survey of Marathi dialects)

## Warli painting

In the book *The Painted World of the Warlis* Yashodhara Dalmia claimed that the Warli carry on a tradition stretching back to 2500 or 3000 BCE. Their mural paintings are similar to those done between 500 and 10,000 BCE in the Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka, in Madhya Pradesh.

Their extremely rudimentary wall paintings use a very basic graphic vocabulary: a circle, a triangle and a square. Their paintings were monosyllabic. The circle and triangle come from their observation of nature, the circle representing the sun and the moon, the triangle derived from mountains and pointed trees. Only the square seems to obey a different logic and seems to be a human invention, indicating a sacred enclosure or a piece of land. So the central motive in each ritual painting is the square, known as the "chauk" or "chaukat", mostly of two types: *Devchauk* and *Lagnachauk*. Inside a *Devchauk*, we find Palaghata, the mother goddess, symbolizing fertility. Significantly, male gods are unusual among the Warli and are frequently related to spirits which have taken human shape. The central motive in these ritual paintings is surrounded by scenes portraying hunting, fishing and farming, festivals and dances, trees and animals. Human and animal bodies are represented by two triangles joined at the tip; the upper triangle depicts the trunk and the lower triangle the pelvis. Their precarious equilibrium symbolizes the balance of the universe, and of the couple, and has the practical and amusing advantage of animating the bodies.

The pared down pictorial language is matched by a rudimentary technique. The ritual paintings are usually done inside the huts. The walls are made of a mixture of branches, earth and cow dung, making a Red Ochre background for the wall paintings. The Warli use only white for their paintings. Their white pigment is a mixture of rice paste and water with gum as a binding. They use a bamboo stick chewed at the end to make it as supple as a paintbrush. The wall paintings are done only for special occasions such as weddings or harvests. The lack of regular artistic activity explains the very crude style of their paintings, which were the preserve of the womenfolk until the late 1970s. But in the 1970s this ritual art took a radical turn, when Jivya Soma Mashe and his son Balu Mashe started to paint, not for any special ritual, but because of his artistic pursuits. Warli painting also featured in Coca-Cola's 'Come home on Diwali' ad campaign in 2010 was a tribute to the spirit of India's youth and a recognition of the distinct lifestyle of the Warli tribe of Western India.

## Tribal Cultural Intellectual Property

Warli Painting is the cultural intellectual property of the tribal community. Understanding the need for intellectual property rights, the tribal non-profit Organisation "Adivasi Yuva Seva Sangh" initiated efforts to start a registration process in 2011. Now, Warli Painting is registered with a Geographical Indication under the intellectual property rights act. With the use of technology and the concept of social entrepreneurship, Tribals established the Warli Art Foundation, a non-profit company dedicated to Warli art and related activities.

## Culture

The Warli were traditionally semi-nomadic. They lived together in small-scale groups with a headman leading them. However, recent demographic changes have transformed the Warli today into mainly agriculturists. They cultivate many crops like rice and wheat. Warli women wear toe-rings and necklaces as a sign of being married. Some Warli practice polygyny.

## Further reading

* Dalmia, Yashodhara, (1988). *Painted World of the Warlis: Art and Ritual of the Warli Tribes of Maharashtra*, New Delhi: Lalit Kala Akademi.
* Dandekar, Ajay (ed.) (1998). *Mythos and Logos of the Warlis: A Tribal Worldview*, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company, ISBN 81-7022-692-9.

## InfoBox

Warli
| Distribution of Warli population in the then Bombay Presidency, 1945 | |
| --- | --- |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| MaharashtraGujarat | |
| Languages | |
| Varli | |
| Religion | |
| AnimismHinduism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
|  | |


title: Palaeochannel

abstract: In the Earth sciences, a palaeochannel, also spelled paleochannel, is a significant length of a river or stream channel which no longer conveys fluvial discharge as part of an active fluvial system. The term palaeochannel is derived from the combination of two words, palaeo or old, and channel; i.e., a palaeochannel is an old channel. Palaeochannels may be preserved either as abandoned surface channels on the surface of river floodplains and terraces or infilled and partially or fully buried by younger sediments. The fill of a palaeochannel and its enclosing sedimentary deposits may consist of unconsolidated, semi-consolidated, or well-cemented sedimentary strata depending on the action of tectonics and diagenesis during their geologic history after deposition. The abandonment of an active fluvial channel and the resulting formation of a palaeochannel can be the result of tectonic processes, geomorphologic processes, anthropogenic activities, climatic changes, or a variable and interrelated combination of these factors.

text:
# Palaeochannel

In the Earth sciences, a **palaeochannel**, also spelled **paleochannel**, is a significant length of a river or stream channel which no longer conveys fluvial discharge as part of an active fluvial system. The term *palaeochannel* is derived from the combination of two words, *palaeo* or *old*, and *channel*; i.e., a palaeochannel is an old channel. Palaeochannels may be preserved either as abandoned surface channels on the surface of river floodplains and terraces or infilled and partially or fully buried by younger sediments. The fill of a palaeochannel and its enclosing sedimentary deposits may consist of unconsolidated, semi-consolidated, or well-cemented sedimentary strata depending on the action of tectonics and diagenesis during their geologic history after deposition. The abandonment of an active fluvial channel and the resulting formation of a palaeochannel can be the result of tectonic processes, geomorphologic processes, anthropogenic activities, climatic changes, or a variable and interrelated combination of these factors.

## Formation

The avulsion of an active river or stream is the most common fluvial process resulting in the formation of palaeochannels. It is the process by which flow diverts out of an established river channel into a new permanent course on the adjacent floodplain. An avulsion can be either a full avulsion, in which all of the discharge is transferred out of the parent channel to a new one, or partial avulsion, in which only a portion of the discharge is transferred to a new one. Only the full avulsion results the formation of a palaeochannel. Partial avulsions result in the formation of anastomosing channels when the divided active channels rejoin downstream and distributary channels when the divided active channels do not rejoin downstream.

At least three broadly different types of avulsions, (a) avulsion by annexation; (b) avulsion by incision; and (c) avulsion by progradation, are recognized. First, an avulsion by annexation is an avulsion in which an existing active channel is appropriated or if an existing abandoned channel is reoccupied. Second, an avulsion by incision is an avulsion in which a new channel is created by the scouring into the floodplain surface as a direct result of the avulsion. Finally, an avulsion by progradation is an avulsion that results in the formation of an extensive deposition and multi-channeled distributive network. Of these types of avulsions only the avulsion by incision results in the complete abandonment and preservation of a fluvial channel as a palaeochannel.

The exact environmental conditions that favour incisional avulsions remain unsettled. However, it is generally agreed that they are promoted by a) rapid aggradation of the main channel and floodplain; b) wide unobstructed floodplain and down-valley drainage; and c) frequently recurring floods of high magnitude. In many floodplains, these conditions and frequent avulsions are correlated with superelevated alluvial ridges and river stages.

The event or factor that can trigger a specific avulsion may be either external or internal to a river system and quite varied. Factors external to a river system that might cause an avulsion include fault activity, sea-level rise, or an increase in flood peak discharge. Factors internal to a river system that might cause an avulsion include sediment influx, breakout along animal pathways, and blockage by ice jams, plant growth, log jams, and beaver dams.

## Recognition

A variety of techniques have been used to recognize and map palaeochannels. At first, surficial data from aerial photography, soils maps, topographic maps, archaeological surveys and excavations, and field observations were integrated with subsurface data from geological and engineering borings and cores to recognize and map palaeochannels. As the importance of coarse-grained fluvial deposits associated with palaeochannels as sources of groundwater and favoured conveyance of subsurface water became appreciated, geophysical techniques sensing the physical properties of underlying ground and bedrock and groundwater and other fluids contained within them became more important and widely used. For example, palaeochannels can be identified using airborne electromagnetic surveys, as the coarse-grained sediments are more electrically resistive than surrounding materials. Also, lidar, more sophisticated remote sensing techniques, digital analysis, including computer modeling, of data were added to the various techniques used to detect and map palaeochannels.

## Geological importance

Palaeochannels are important to the Earth sciences because the palaeohydrology of the prehistoric rivers that created them can be reconstructed from their morphology, and the sediments or sedimentary rocks filling palaeochannels often contain dateable material, fossils, and palaeoenvironmental proxies. The data derived from the analysis of their morphology and the fossils and palaeoenvironmental proxies can be used to study changes in regional palaeohydrology, palaeoclimates, and palaeoenvironments over geological and historic time scales. The morphology and distribution of palaeochannels can also be used to reconstruct the types, prehistory, and geometry of tectonic deformation, such as faulting, folding, uplift, and subsidence within an area.

Palaeochannels often preserve the form, width, and sinuosity of prehistoric river channels when they were active. This is important in reconstructing prehistoric climate and hydrology because empirical equations developed using data collected from modern rivers and streams can be used to calculate the approximate past hydrologic regime of a palaeochannel and the palaeoclimate associated with it. Such empirical equations also allow the estimation of palaeochannel gradient, meander wavelength, sinuosity, and discharge from a palaeochannel exposed in cross-section in an outcrop. The sediments or sedimentary rocks filling palaeochannels also often contain dateable material, micro- and megafossils, and palaeoenvironmental proxies. Fine-grained palaeochannel fills containing autochthonous vertebrate fossils may, in extremely favourable ccircumstances, contain unabraded, complete skeletons that are important for understanding habitat-specific palaeofaunas and associated palaeoenvironments. Fine-grained palaeochannel fills also frequently contain wood, leaves, and palynomorphs that can be used for geologic dating and understanding palaeoclimatic and other palaeoenvironmental conditions, including past rainfall, temperatures and climates, and prehistoric and historic climate change and global warming. Finally, the theoretical equilibrium profiles of rivers and streams provide a datum by which to detect and quantify tectonic processes such as faulting, uplift, and subsidence. Examples of the displacement of palaeochannels by active faulting are shown by the lateral movement along the San Andreas fault where it crosses Wallace Creek in central California, and where a fault of the Baton Rouge fault zone vertically offsets a Pleistocene palaeochannel and palaeo-floodplain of the Amite River near Denham Springs, Louisiana.

## Palaeochannel-hosted mineral deposits

Economically important mineral deposits may be hosted in palaeochannels and associated fluvial deposits. The most important of these deposits are syndepositional palaeo-placer deposits containing gold, cassiterite (tin ore), and platinum group minerals. In addition, diagenetic and postdepositional ores of uranium and iron have been found in palaeochannel fills.

Although layers of lignite and other types of coal are sometimes part of the sedimentary fill of palaeochannels, they are typically too thin and narrow to be economically mined. Also, they actually occur in palaeovalleys, which have been mislabeled as *palaeochannels*. Typically, when palaeochannels formed, they often partially or totally removed any underlying peat, the precursor to coal. Thus, where present, they are directly associated with areas of thin or missing coal called either *wash-outs* or *coal wants*. Wash-outs are a major problem for coal mining because of the drastic decrease in the total tonnage of mineable coal, and disruption to mining techniques. Also, bedding and jointing within strata comprising palaeochannels typically result in hazardous conditions related to unstable highwalls in opencast mines and collapsable roof rock in coal adits.

## Palaeochannels and aquifers

Coarse-grained (sandy) palaeochannels and palaeovalleys have been proposed as reservoirs or conduits for the preferential underground flow of fresh water. When they extend offshore beneath the continental shelf, they may either transfer freshwater offshore beneath the shelf, or act as pathways for saltwater intrusion into onshore aquifers. Smaller palaeochannels and palaeovalleys, which are commonly filled with muddy or clayey sediments can act as aquicludes that retard and act as barriers to the movement of groundwater.

## Palaeochannel versus palaeovalley

Palaeochannels are often confused with **palaeovalleys** (or **paleovalleys**) in the published literature and studies of groundwater and mineral resources. The nomenclature of palaeochannels must reflect their actual physical character, origin, and evolution if their relationship to mineral and groundwater resources is to be properly understood. Thus, it has been recommended that *palaeochannel* be used for an inactive channel formed by a river; *palaeochannel deposits* for the sediments that infill a palaeochannel; and *palaeovalley* for a valley incised by an ancient river.

This distinction is important, first because not all valleys and palaeovalleys are fluvial in origin; some of them may be either of glacial or tectonic origin. Other palaeovalleys are buried submarine canyons cut by turbidity currents and mass wasting. Second, even the deposits that fill a fluvial palaeovalley are not always fluvial sediments; often, fluvial palaeovalleys are filled and buried by some combination of fluvial, volcanic, glacial, aeolian, lacustrine, estuarine, or marine deposits. Finally, even when filled largely by fluvial sediments, the channel deposits that fill a palaeochannel comprise only a small fraction of a valley fill, which mainly consists of the deposits of other fluvial environments.


title: Inishmore (album)

abstract: Inishmore is the tenth studio album by American heavy metal band Riot. It was originally released in Japan on November 11, 1997, two months before it was eventually released in the US on January 27, 1998. The album is based on conceptual sagas of Celtic and Irish myths.

text:
# Inishmore (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal* | 7/10 |

***Inishmore*** is the tenth studio album by American heavy metal band Riot. It was originally released in Japan on November 11, 1997, two months before it was eventually released in the US on January 27, 1998. The album is based on conceptual sagas of Celtic and Irish myths.

## Track listing

All tracks by Mark Reale and Mike DiMeo, except where indicated.

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Black Water" (instrumental) | Reale | 2:42 |
| 2. | "Angel Eyes" | Reale, DiMeo, Mike Flyntz | 4:27 |
| 3. | "Liberty" |  | 5:08 |
| 4. | "Kings Are Falling" |  | 4:33 |
| 5. | "The Man" |  | 3:52 |
| 6. | "Watching the Signs" |  | 4:35 |
| 7. | "Should I Run" | Flyntz, DiMeo | 4:40 |
| 8. | "Cry for the Dying" |  | 4:39 |
| 9. | "Turning the Hands of Time" | Flyntz, DiMeo | 5:08 |
| 10. | "Gypsy" |  | 5:20 |
| 11. | "Inishmore (Forsaken Heart)" | Reale | 1:45 |
| 12. | "Inishmore" (instrumental) | Reale | 4:32 |

### Japanese release

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 12. | "Danny Boy" | Reale | 3:40 |

* The Japanese edition omits track 9 and adds the following bonus track "Danny Boy."

## Personnel

### Band members

* Mike DiMeo – lead vocals, Hammond organ
* Mark Reale – electric lead and rhythm guitars, acoustic 6 and 12 string guitars, backing vocals, mandolin and Hammond organ, string arrangements, producer
* Mike Flyntz – electric lead and rhythm guitars
* Pete Perez – bass
* Bobby Jarzombek – drums

### Additional musicians

* Tony Harnell, Danny Vaughn, Ligaya Perkins – backing vocals
* Kevin Dunne – strings, orchestration, engineer
* Yoko Kayumi – violin

### Production

* Paul Orofino – producer, engineer, mixing
* Jeff Allen, Jack Bart – executive producers
* Marius Perron, Bryan Scott – engineers
* Jim Littleton – assistant engineer
* Joseph M. Palmaccio – mastering

## InfoBox

| Inishmore | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Riot | |
| Released | November 11, 1997 |
| Recorded | Millbrook Sound Studios, Millbrook, New York
Studio M, San Antonio, Texas
Drumstick Sound Production, Dix Hills, New York |
| Genre | Heavy metal, speed metal, power metal |
| Length | 51:21 |
| Label | Zero (Japan), Metal Blade |
| Producer | Mark Reale, Paul Orofino |
| Riot chronology | |
| *Angel Eyes (EP)*
(1997) ***Inishmore***
(1997) *Shine On*
(1998) | |


title: Nicolae Sinescu

abstract: Nicolae Sinescu (1865-1934) was one of the generals of the Romanian Land Forces in the First World War. He served as a cavalry division commander in the 1916 and 1917 campaigns.

text:
# Nicolae Sinescu

**Nicolae Sinescu** (1865-1934) was one of the generals of the Romanian Land Forces in the First World War. He served as a cavalry division commander in the 1916 and 1917 campaigns.

## Biography

After graduating from the military school of officers with the rank of lieutenant, Nicolae Sinescu held various positions in the cavalry units or in the upper echelons of the army, the most important being the commander of the 5th Red Brigade and Inspector General of the Cavalry.

During the First World War, he served as: commander of the 2nd Cavalry Division, between November 29, 1916, to January 15, 1917, and commander of the Cavalry Corps between July 2, 1917, to December 1917.

## Bibliography

* Kiritescu, Constantin,  *History of the war for the unification of Romania*, Scientific and Encyclopedic Publishing House, Bucharest, 1989
* Ioanițiu Alexandru (Lt.-Colonel),  *The Romanian War: 1916-1918*, vol 1, Genius Printing House, Bucharest, 1929
* *Romania in the World War 1916-1919, Documents, Annexes*, Volume 1, Official Gazette and State Printing Offices, Bucharest, 1934
* *The General Headquarters of the Romanian Army. Documents 1916 - 1920*, Machiavelli Publishing House, Bucharest, 1996
* *Military history of the Romanian people*, vol. V, Military Publishing House, Bucharest, 1989
* *Romania in the years of the First World War*, Militară Publishing House, Bucharest, 1987
* "Romania in the First World War", Military Publishing House, 1979

## InfoBox

| Nicolae Sinescu | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | November 28, 1865 |
| Died | 1934 |
| Allegiance | Romania |
| Branch | Romanian Land Forces |
| Years of service | 1886 — 1917 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards | Order of the Star of Romania (1912)
Order of the Crown (1907)
Medal for bravery and faith (1913)
Cross of "Sanitary Merit" (1914) |


title: Uropeltis macrorhyncha

abstract: - Common names: Anaimalai earth snake, Anamally earth snake, Ponachi shieldtail Uropeltis macrorhyncha is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India. There are no subspecies that are recognized as being valid.

text:
# Uropeltis macrorhyncha

***Common names:** Anaimalai earth snake, Anamally earth snake, Ponachi shieldtail*

***Uropeltis macrorhyncha*** is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India. There are no subspecies that are recognized as being valid.

## Geographic range

*U. macrorhyncha* is found in southern India in the Western Ghats: Anaimalai Hills, Madura District.

The type locality given is "Anamullay Mountains, 4,000 feet elevation."

Also, Beddome, 1886, gives a type locality of "Anamallays, dense forests above Ponachi, at an elevation of 4000 feet.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of *U. macrorhyncha* is forest, at an altitude of about 1,200 m (3,900 ft).

## Description

The dorsum of *U. macrorhyncha* is brown. There is a yellow streak from the mouth along each side of the neck. There is a yellow streak on each side of the tail, connected by a yellow crossbar across the vent. The venter is brown mixed with yellow.

The type specimen is 57 cm (22+12 in) in total length (including tail).

The dorsal scales are in 19 rows behind the head, in 17 rows at midbody. The type specimen, a female, has 213 ventrals, and 6 subcaudals.

The snout is acutely pointed, strongly projecting. The rostral is strongly laterally compressed, keeled above, ½ the length of the shielded part of the head. The nasals are narrowly in contact behind the rostral. The frontal is as broad as long. The eye is very small, less than ⅓ the length of the ocular shield. The diameter of body goes 38 times into the total length. The ventrals are slightly less than two times as large as the contiguous scales. The end of the tail is subtruncate, the keeled dorsal portion small and rather flat, the scales with 3-5 strong keels. The terminal scute has two points.

## Reproduction

*U. macrorhyncha* is ovoviviparous.

## Further reading

* Beddome, R.H. (1877). "Descriptions of three new Snakes of the Family Uropeltidæ from Southern India". *Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London* **1877**: 167–168. (*Silybura macrorhyncha*, new species, pp. 167–168).
* Beddome, R.H. (1886). "An Account of the Earth-Snakes of the Peninsula of India and Ceylon". *Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Fifth Series* **17**: 3–33. (*Silybura macrorhyncha*, p. 19).
* Mahendra, B.C. (1984). "Handbook of the snakes of India, Ceylon, Burma, Bangladesh and Pakistan". *Annals of Zoology (Agra)* **22** (B): i–xvi, 1–412.
* Sharma, R.C. (2003). *Handbook: Indian Snakes*. Kolkata: Zoological Survey of India. 292 pp. ISBN 978-8181711694.
* Smith, M.A. (1943). *The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes.* London: Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 583 pp. (*Uropeltis macrorhynchus*, new combination, p. 78).
* Whitaker, R.; Captain, A. (2008). *Snakes of India: The Field Guide*. Chennai: Draco Books. 495 pp. ISBN 978-8190187305.

## InfoBox

| *Uropeltis macrorhyncha* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Uropeltidae |
| Genus: | *Uropeltis* |
| Species: | ***U. macrorhyncha*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Uropeltis macrorhyncha***
(Beddome, 1877) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Silybura macrorhyncha*
Beddome, 1877 * *Silybura macrorhynchus*
Boulenger, 1893 * *Uropeltis macrorhynchus*
M.A. Smith, 1943 * *Uropeltis* (*Siluboura*) *macrorhynchus*
Mahendra, 1984 * *Uropeltis macrorhyncha*
Das, 1996 | |