abstract: Meridians Shanghai 2010: Art & Sound in Public Space Project (Meridians) was an international collaboration between RMIT University (RMIT), Melbourne, Australia and East China Normal University (ECNU), Shanghai, China to create an installation of urban contemporary public artworks in Shanghai, China for the official Victorian Cultural Program towards Australia's contribution to Expo 2010 Shanghai China.

text:
# Meridians Shanghai 2010: Art & Sound in Public Space

**Meridians Shanghai 2010: Art & Sound in Public Space Project** (Meridians) was an international collaboration between RMIT University (RMIT), Melbourne, Australia and East China Normal University (ECNU), Shanghai, China to create an installation of urban contemporary public artworks in Shanghai, China for the official Victorian Cultural Program towards Australia's contribution to Expo 2010 Shanghai China.

## Background

In 2008 ECNU invited RMIT to develop a collaborative public art project. In early 2009 the RMIT Design Research Institute - Intervention through Art's Seeding Grant Program provided funding for the original Australian project team to travel to Shanghai, China to develop the project concept.

### Themes

The RMIT project team identified curatorial themes of ‘environmental sustainability’ and 'urban creative nature' for the project. These themes reflected the interests of the team's researchers and also corresponded to Expo 2010 Shanghai China's theme of 'Better City, Better Life'. Through the artistic exploration of the curatorial themes the project reinforced connections between public urban contemporary art and international collaborative practices between China and Australia in a university research context.

### Title

The project was titled 'meridians’ because the word has multiple definitions that relate to points of connection in geography, astronomy, mathematics and Chinese medicine Selecting a title that emphasized points of connection actively reflected the project's interdisciplinary interests; international collaboration between geographic places; and connections between the project team.

## Role in Expo

Expo 2010 Shanghai China involved over 170 nations and ran from 1 May to 31 October 2010 and expected attendance by over 70 million people. The theme "Better City, Better Life" symbolised the common wish that better living standards will be available to all global citizens in years to come. On behalf of the Australian Government the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) managed the Australia Pavilion. The Victorian State Government's participation included "Victoria Week" (17–23 May) a week of activities which promoted trade and investment in a range of Victorian industry sectors including Arts and Culture.

The Meridians project was selected as one of only two official satellite projects for the Government of Victoria (Australia)'s Cultural Program towards Australia's contribution to Expo 2010 Shanghai China.

## Project Team

The Meridians project team was made up of artists and researchers from RMIT and ECNU universities.

### Australian Project Team

The Australian project team included RMIT artists and researchers: Geoff Hogg, Clare Leporati, Tammy Wong, Rupa Ramanathan, Robin Dick, Claire Tracey, Joanna Buckley and Greg Szopa. The lead Australian artist was RMIT Alumnus Cameron Robbins whose artworks are often based around interactions with nature to create self-guided drawings, which take on the form of the elements that have created them.

### Chinese Project Team

The Chinese project team included ECNU artists and researchers: Zhou Chang Jiang, Wang Kai, Zhang Langsheng, Fanny Yu and Chen Xi. The lead Chinese artist was sculptor Wei Tienyu who was also the Chief Designer of The Riverside Landscaping Belt Sculpture Project at the Expo site.

## Artwork & research

The artwork was created and installed over five-weeks by the team of Australian and Chinese artists on the roof top and ground floor gallery space at the School of Art Building at ECNU.

On the roof top lead Australian artist, Cameron Robbins, explored natural energy by creating mechanical outdoor drawing devices that combined wind, paper, pen, pulleys, weathervanes and drawing arms to produce works on paper that were literally created by the weather. The resulting pen and ink 'wind drawings' were displayed in the exhibition space. Using discarded chairs and other found materials Cameron also created two light beacons, whose light was drawn from solar energy modules. Also on the roof Claire Tracey installed small sculptural works from cooking woks, mirrors and small motorised engines that moved to replicated the movement of the sky and literally reflected the sky on their mirrored surfaces.

In the exhibition space the artists responded to the curatorial themes of sustainability by creating artworks from discarded materials gathered from the surrounding environment including a wasp nest, glass jars, a wooden palette and ceramic fragments. They also reconfigured multiples of everyday objects such as plastic cups, pegs, mouse traps, and chopsticks artistically reinterpreting their purposes and imbedding them with wonder and imagination. The artists also created oversized representations of luxury bags and historical books that explored memory, identity and consumerism.

The RMIT researchers also embedded the project's development, themes, and artworks into their academic studies towards their Masters and PhD qualifications.

## Official launch & exhibition

The Meridians project was launched during Victoria Week on Tuesday, 18 May 2010 in Shanghai, at the East China Normal University’s School of Art.

The Hon. Jacinta Allan, Victorian Minister for Innovation, Industry and Regional Development officially opened the exhibition emphasising how it "draws on the creativity and talents of artists in Shanghai, and Victoria to explore the impact of urbanisation on our lives and fits with the Shanghai Expo’s theme ‘Better City, Better Life’".

Meridians was a project of the RMIT Design Research Institute and supported by the School of Art, College of Design and Social Context, and Alumni & Development.

## External funding partners

The Meridians project was supported by the Commonwealth of Australia through the Australian International Cultural Council and the Australia-China Council, initiatives of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

Meridians was supported by the Government of Victoria (Australia) through the Department of Innovation, Industry and Regional Development (DIIRD), and Arts Victoria.

The project was also sponsored by Baddaginne Run Wines who provided Victorian produced wine for the official launch.

## Promotion and social networking

The Meridians project also explored the potential of interactions with social networking media. The project had an active profile on the social networking sites Facebook and Twitter and also created its own wiki as a creative portal at meridiansproject.ning.com to share the creative development of the project.


title: New Downs

abstract: New Downs is a farm near Camborne and St Agnes in Cornwall, England.

text:
# New Downs

**New Downs** is a farm near Camborne and St Agnes in Cornwall, England.

## History

The location has been known as New Down or New Downs since at least 1768. In 1864, a ploughman on the New Downs, which was a parcel of the inner Goonbrey tenement, turned up a Roman coin picturing the Emperor Valentinian. Other archaeological finds have been made at this site.

50°28′01″N 4°46′48″W / 50.467°N 4.780°W / 50.467; -4.780


abstract: Henry Willoughby, 4th Baron Willoughby of Parham (1612–1617) was an English peer of the House of Lords. He was born in about November 1612, the son of William Willoughby, 3rd Baron Willoughby of Parham, and Frances Manners, daughter of John Manners, 4th Earl of Rutland. On the death of his father in 1617, he succeeded as the 4th Baron Willoughby of Parham. However, he did not enjoy the title long, dying in infancy on about 14 October 1617. The barony was succeeded by his brother, Francis Willoughby.

text:
# Henry Willoughby, 4th Baron Willoughby of Parham

**Henry Willoughby, 4th Baron Willoughby of Parham** (1612–1617) was an English peer of the House of Lords.

He was born in about November 1612, the son of William Willoughby, 3rd Baron Willoughby of Parham, and Frances Manners, daughter of John Manners, 4th Earl of Rutland. On the death of his father in 1617, he succeeded as the 4th Baron Willoughby of Parham. However, he did not enjoy the title long, dying in infancy on about 14 October 1617. The barony was succeeded by his brother, Francis Willoughby.

## Bibliography


title: Highlander: The Series season 5

abstract: The fifth season of the American drama/adventure television series Highlander began airing 23 September 1996 and finished on 19 May 1997. The series continues to follow the adventures of Duncan MacLeod, a 400-year-old Immortal who, just as the Immortals of the movies, can only die if he is beheaded. MacLeod is involved in the Game, an ongoing battle during which all Immortals have to behead each other until only one is left.

text:
# Highlander: The Series season 5

The fifth season of the American drama/adventure television series *Highlander* began airing 23 September 1996 and finished on 19 May 1997. The series continues to follow the adventures of Duncan MacLeod, a 400-year-old Immortal who, just as the Immortals of the movies, can only die if he is beheaded. MacLeod is involved in the Game, an ongoing battle during which all Immortals have to behead each other until only one is left.

## Production

Two episodes that aired during the fifth season were the fourth season episodes "Double Jeopardy" (aired April 28, 1997) and "One Minute to Midnight" (aired September 23, 1996). These episodes are included in the fourth season DVD set.

## Cast

### Main cast

### Recurring cast

## Episodes

This season follows the theme of "forgiveness or regret" as episodes focus on a character coming to terms with the consequences of their actions from their past.

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original air date | Prod.
code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 89 | 1 | "Prophecy" | Dennis Berry | David Tynan | October 5, 1996 (1996-10-05) | 96501 |
| Duncan encounters an Immortal seer, Cassandra, whom he met as a child in Scotland. Cassandra has the power to mesmerize people with her voice and seems to have other psychic gifts. She had stepped in to hide Duncan from Immortal Roland Kantos, who was out to find the child born on the winter solstice, because of a prophecy that he would fight and vanquish a great evil. Now, centuries later, Roland Kantos has found Duncan MacLeod. Like Cassandra, who apparently taught him, he has the power to mesmerize people with his voice, and captures Duncan, intending to kill him. Duncan eventually defeats Kantos, gaining the brilliant idea from talking to his younger self in a vision Cassandra helps him to have, of plugging up his ears with candle wax so that Kantos cannot control him via the voice. | | | | | | |
| 90 | 2 | "The End of Innocence" | Gerard Hameline | Morrie Ruvinsky | October 12, 1996 (1996-10-12) | 96502 |
| The last time Richie Ryan saw Duncan MacLeod, Duncan was about to take his head. He was stopped by Joe's bullet, but Richie's world was shattered by what his old friend had tried to do. Now Richie's back—kicking butt and taking heads. One of those heads belonged to Carter Wellan, and now Wellan's good friend and mentor Haresh Clay is out to avenge his comrade. Duncan has his own fears and also has a long-time grudge against Clay, who humiliated and destroyed one of Duncan's finest teachers. After Duncan regains Richie's trust, he convinces him to stay back while he faces Clay. Duncan fights Clay and beheads him. | | | | | | |
| 91 | 3 | "Manhunt" | Peter Ellis | David Tynan | October 19, 1996 (1996-10-19) | 96503 |
| In 1859, Carl Robinson, the former slave, completed his training under Matthew McCormick, another Immortal. Unfortunately, bad blood came between them, when Carl killed his former slave owner and as well as the owner’s son. Matthew, who was an in-law, saw this as murder and has been hunting him sense. Today, now a baseball player, Carl has finally found the good life as a Major Leagues' star. However, when Carl is challenged by Immortal Myron Corman and witnesses find him standing over the decapitated body, Carl is forced to go on the run from the cops. Matthew, now an FBI Agent, is on the case, with the intention of taking Carl's head. Duncan is able to help the two let go of their anger and fake Carl’s death. | | | | | | |
| 92 | 4 | "Glory Days" | Gerard Hameline | Nancy Heiken | October 26, 1996 (1996-10-26) | 96504 |
| Immortals who do not play by the rules of the Game, do not survive the Game. And those who do not change with the times are swallowed by the times; lessons Johnny Kelly/Johnny K learned too late. Johnny was killed in 1929 in a mob hit, during the glory days of organized crime. Duncan was present when Johnny met this first death, and tried to take Johnny as his student, but Johnny had other plans. He extracted vengeance on the mobster responsible for his first death and became a professional assassin. Things went well for Kelly until today, where he again encounters Duncan and tries to take the Highlander's head, only to be killed himself. Meanwhile, Joe's high school sweetheart shows up giving Joe a bittersweet reminder of his own glory days. | | | | | | |
| 93 | 5 | "Dramatic License" | Peter Ellis | Michael O'Mahoney, Sasha Reins | November 2, 1996 (1996-11-02) | 96505 |
| Duncan finds himself cast in a romance novel along with an old opponent, Terence Coventry. Duncan wants to know how much the author, Carolyn Marsh, knows about him, but his rival wants to kill her, or does he? Amanda discovers the problem: Carolyn is married to Coventry but feels that she can never live up to him or the women from his past. Amanda and Carolyn find Duncan and Coventry fighting, with Amanda quickly clearing up the misunderstanding, allowing Terence and Carolyn to reconcile. | | | | | | |
| 94 | 6 | "Money No Object" | Rafal Zielinski | James Thorpe | November 9, 1996 (1996-11-09) | 96506 |
| Duncan and Amanda are reunited with Cory Raines, the charming, smooth-talking "Clyde" to Amanda's "Bonnie" during their five-state crime spree in the 1920s. Amanda, always ready for a little larceny, is tempted by the carefree and adventurous lifestyle Cory offers her. She takes him up on the offer when she realizes Duncan won't beg her to stay with him. But Duncan rides to the rescue when one of Cory's schemes goes astray. In the aftermath, Cory skips down, but not before Duncan blows him up as payback. | | | | | | |
| 95 | 7 | "Haunted" | James Bruce | Scott Peters | November 16, 1996 (1996-11-16) | 96507 |
| Jennifer Hill believes the spirit of her dead husband Alec, an Immortal, is still with her. She comes to Alec's old friend Duncan and begs him to appease Alec's spirit by killing Gerard Kragen, the Immortal who took Alec Hill's head. Richie finds himself strangely attracted to the grieving young widow—until she realizes he's the very same Immortal being sought by Duncan. While Duncan kills Kragen, Richie informs him that Alec picked a fight with him and he killed him in self-defense. Jennifer demands Duncan kill Richie, but Duncan refuses. She attempts to do it herself, only for Duncan to talk her out of it. | | | | | | |
| 96 | 8 | "Little Tin God" | Rafal Zielinski | Richard Gilbert-Hill | November 23, 1996 (1996-11-23) | 96508 |
| Derek Worth's faith in God helped save him from a violent life on the urban streets. When the young gospel singer is killed in a drive-by shooting, he awakens in the arms of Gavriel Larca, who claims to be God and has given Derek the gift of eternal life. He even has done the same to other newbie Immortals. Derek and the other followers, Luke Sarsfield and Enrique Grimaldo are dispatched to eliminate Duncan, who Larca says is Satan. The interference of Derek’s father figure, Reverend Thomas Bell, leads to Larca killing Luke and Derek turning on Enrique. Duncan gets Thomas to safety and decapitates Larca. With Thomas already knowing the background of Derek and now knowing of the Immortals, Joe recruits him into the Watchers. | | | | | | |
| 97 | 9 | "The Messenger" | James Bruce | David Tynan | November 30, 1996 (1996-11-30) | 96509 |
| An Immortal is going around pretending to be Methos, encouraging other Immortals to give up the Game. Luring Richie into this dangerous frame of mind, Duncan's fight with William Culbraith—another Immortal who led the Confederate prison camp Andersonville and whose own personal tragedy led him to give the orders that killed a mortal comrade of the Highlander's -- is interrupted. Joe warns about this phoney, who convinces Immortals to lay down their swords. But it always ends in tragedy; the converts are then killed by the next Immortal to come along, with the fake Methos continuing on his hopeless mission of preaching pacifism. An incredulous Methos confronts the impostor, and upon realizing he is genuine concludes he is daft. Culbraith, however, has other plans and takes the Messenger's head thinking he is Methos, hoping the Quickening will give him the strength to defeat Duncan. In the end, however, it is Richie who takes Culbraith's head. | | | | | | |
| 98 | 10 | "The Valkyrie" | Richard Martin | James Thorpe | February 1, 1997 (1997-02-01) | 96510 |
| Ingrid Henning failed in an assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler during WWII. Since then, she has made it her mission to take out rising monsters before they can achieve political power, having concluded that Hitler's position protected him. Now, Henning is after a racist politician whose star is rising. After she plants a bomb at the venue, Duncan tells her to stop, but she no longer believes in innocence, feeling nothing when she killed bystanders. Henning wishes for a world without tyrants, but Duncan knows that can never happen. She refuses to release the detonator, so Duncan takes her head. | | | | | | |
| 99 | 11 | "Comes a Horseman" | Gerard Hameline | David Tynan | February 8, 1997 (1997-02-08) | 96511 |
| Duncan renews an old battle with an Immortal he encountered in 1867 as the outlaw Melvin Koren. Duncan learns that Koren is really Kronos, who turns out to be thousands of years old and more than Duncan can handle. To make matters more complicated, Cassandra is after Kronos to settle a score of her own. During the Bronze Age, Kronos led a small band of Immortals called the Four Horsemen on a raid that destroyed the seer's village and enslaved her. When Methos is revealed to have been one of the Horsemen, Duncan tells him their friendship is over. The oldest living Immortal is forced to join up with Kronos, who has decided to reunite the Horsemen. He manages, however, to break up what was supposed to be the decisive battle between Duncan and Kronos, saying it could have gone either way. | | | | | | |
| 100 | 12 | "Revelation 6:8" | Adrian Paul | Tony DiFranco | February 15, 1997 (1997-02-15) | 96512 |
| The Four Horsemen are reunited in Paris, Cassandra is their prisoner and worst of all, Methos has apparently rejoined his old comrades, guiding Kronos to their Brothers, Caspian and Silas. As Duncan makes plans to rescue Cassandra and face Kronos for the last time, Methos tries to stay alive, maybe dissuade Silas, and somehow perhaps keep Cassandra—who was his personal "pet" during her first captivity in the Bronze Age—alive, too. Kronos' plan is revealed: he intends to use an engineered virus to wipe out most of humanity and conquer the survivors as part of an eternal empire. Methos eventually betrays his former comrades, with he and Duncan simultaneously battling Kronos and Silas to the death in their own respective fights. The result is a Double Quickening as Duncan and Methos win the day. Cassandra wants to avenge herself upon Methos, her former tormentor, but Duncan demands she let him live. Whether or not the centuries have truly changed Methos after all, he was the man who saved Duncan MacLeod from the Dark Quickening, and he had in the end helped to save humanity. Afterward, Methos implies that he had set up the entire confrontation with Kronos hoping Duncan could do what he himself never could—take his Immortal brother's head. | | | | | | |
| 101 | 13 | "The Ransom of Richard Redstone" | Gerard Hameline | David Tynan | February 22, 1997 (1997-02-22) | 96513 |
| The Chateau LeMartin has been in Marina's family for generations, but now the slimy Carlo Capodimonte threatens to foreclose on an old loan and take the chateau for himself. Desperate to save the family heritage, Marina kidnaps an American millionaire in order to pay off the loan. Unfortunately for Marina, the rich and charming "Richard Redstone" she has tied up in the cellar is none other than Richie Ryan. Duncan learns of this and is forced to come and get Richie out if the bind. | | | | | | |
| 102 | 14 | "Duende" | Richard Martin | Jan Hartman | March 1, 1997 (1997-03-01) | 96514 |
| Spanish swordplay, like Spanish dancing, is equal parts passion, skill, and strict discipline. The Immortal Otavio Consone is a master of both. An arrogant Spaniard who 150 years ago tried to teach Duncan the sword art called "The Mysterious Circle," Consone vied with Duncan for the hand of Theresa, a beautiful senorita, with tragic results. Consone had permission to marry Theresa, due to his nobility, and Theresa only agreed if he spared Duncan, who he defeated in a match. Duncan left Spain but Consone eventually killed Theresa out of jealousy. Now today, Duncan must protect Anna Hidalgo, a Flamenco artist and her daughter, Luisa, from Consone's revenge. Years prior, a pregnant Anna rejected Consone for her dance partner, who he killed in front of her. Then he crippled her for life in a car accident. Now, he has manipulated and tied the knot with Luisa, who he intends to kill to complete his vengeance. Duncan exposes the truth and challenges Consone to a rematch. After a long and difficult duel, Duncan finally beheads Consone. Anna and Luisa reconcile in the aftermath. | | | | | | |
| 103 | 15 | "The Stone of Scone" | Richard Martin | Michael O'Mahony and Sasha Reins | April 21, 1997 (1997-04-21) | 96515 |
| According to official statements by the British government, the theft of the Stone of Scone, the legendary royal throne of Scotland, from Westminster Abbey in 1950 was simply a rowdy schoolboy prank. But was it? Or was it actually the bungled work of three rather hapless Immortals, attempting to fulfill a promise made centuries before? | | | | | | |
| 104 | 16 | "Forgive Us Our Trespasses" | Paolo Barzman | Dom Tordjmann | May 5, 1997 (1997-05-05) | 96516 |
| After the Scottish massacre at the Battle of Culloden in 1746, Duncan MacLeod was a man possessed, obsessed, with killing the English bastards who had destroyed his people. Now Immortal Steven Keane has come to make Duncan pay for his murderous crimes. Amanda urges Duncan to take Keane's head and be done with it, Methos schools him on accepting his past as part of him, but in his heart Duncan wonders if Keane is right -- if he is a murderer. Eventually, Duncan and Keane fight on a rooftop and Duncan defeats Keane but spares his life. Duncan tells him to walk away and Keane, seeing Duncan has changed, did. | | | | | | |
| 105 | 17 | "The Modern Prometheus" | Adrian Paul | James Thorpe | May 12, 1997 (1997-05-12) | 96517 |
| Lord Byron, once one of the greatest and most scandalous writers of the 19th Century, is now a rock star. Methos remembers when his escapades led to a senseless fight that ended in a quickening witnessed by Mary Shelley, author of "Frankenstein." Byron's debauchery and substance abuse have only increased with time. He lures an up-and-coming musician under Joe Dawson's tutelage into his dangerous lifestyle, and Duncan becomes involved. Tragedy finally strikes, with Joe's musical protégé dying from a drug overdose. Methos finally realizes that his former pupil is beyond hope, and Duncan fights Byron to the death. | | | | | | |
| 106 | 18 | "Archangel" | Dennis Berry | David Tynan | May 19, 1997 (1997-05-19) | 96518 |
| Two archaeologists, Foster and Landry, are exploring a tunnel and they come face to face with a statue. Landry the more experienced and superstitious recognizes the statue as the ancient Zoroastrian demon Ahriman who plagues the world every thousand years by coming into human form. Foster is killed and Landry escapes. Landry warns Duncan that he is the champion who is to defeat Ahriman but both he and Richie think the man is crazy. But later Duncan sees James Horton, Kronos and other people he had killed before. Methos and Joe think he is losing it but Richie is willing to stay by his side whatever it takes. When Richie sees what looks like Horton taking Joe in a car to a racetrack with a gun to his head, Richie calls Duncan and tells him he is going after them. Duncan, who is with Joe at the time, sees that it's a trap. He gets to the racetrack and is confronted by Richie, Horton, and Kronos. Ahriman has taken their form. He fights them all, but they disappear every time he attacks them. Then the real Richie appears and Duncan, thinking it is Ahriman, delivers the fatal blow. Joe and Methos arrive just as Ahriman in Richie's form laughs and leaves. Duncan runs away in tears and Joe is left crying on Methos' shoulder. Richie is gone forever. | | | | | | |

## Home media

## InfoBox

| *Highlander: The Series* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 5 | |
| DVD box set | |
| No. of episodes | 18 |
| Release | |
| Original network | Syndication |
| Original release | September 23, 1996 (1996-09-23)
May 19, 1997 (1997-05-19) |
| Season chronology | |
|


title: Moonee Valley Racecourse

abstract: Moonee Valley Racecourse, currently marketed as The Valley, is a horse-racing track in Moonee Ponds, Melbourne, Victoria Australia.

text:
# Moonee Valley Racecourse

**Moonee Valley Racecourse**, currently marketed as **The Valley**, is a horse-racing track in Moonee Ponds, Melbourne, Victoria Australia.

## History

Moonee Valley Racecourse was established in 1883 by William Samuel (W.S.) Cox, who purchased a farm the previous year belonging to John F. Feehan for the purpose of establishing a racetrack. Being entirely freehold land owned by a private club, this separates Moonee Valley from other Melbourne racecourses such as Caulfield and Flemington. Expansion of the racecourse facilities occurred in the 1960s, funded by compensation for land acquired for the construction of the adjacent Tullamarine Freeway. In the 1970s harness racing moved to the Valley, when night trotting relocated from the Royal Melbourne Showgrounds.

1. Andrew Lemon (7 April 2011). "Developer Proposes Housing Plan For Moonee Valley Racecourse". *The Age*. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2011.

37°45′56″S 144°55′52″E / 37.765444°S 144.931002°E / -37.765444; 144.931002

## InfoBox

Moonee Valley Racecourse
| Aerial view of Moonee Valley Racecourse, looking west | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Moonee Ponds, Victoria |
| Owned by | Moonee Valley Racing Club |
| Date opened | 1883 (1883) |
| Screened on | Seven Network<br>Sky Racing |
| Notable races | Cox Plate |


title: Restart (Bilal song)

abstract: "Restart" is a song by American recording soul/jazz artist Bilal. Released in 2010, it is the official lead single from his studio album Airtight's Revenge. Produced by Bilal and Steve McKie, and released as an EP with remixes produced by Deadelus.

text:
# Restart (Bilal song)

**"Restart"** is a song by American recording soul/jazz artist Bilal. Released in 2010, it is the official lead single from his studio album *Airtight's Revenge*. Produced by Bilal and Steve McKie, and released as an EP with remixes produced by Deadelus.

## Music video

The video for “Restart” was directed by Michael Sterling Eaton. “Eaton’s muted color palette and stark imagery paired with Bilal’s vibrant vocals, make for audio and visual magic. He combines oddball imagery surrounding a masked man and shots of Bilal performing, all of which are covered by an ever-changing color palette.

## InfoBox

| "Restart" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Bilal | |
| from the album  *Airtight's Revenge* | |
| Released | August 17, 2010 |
| Recorded | 2009 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 4:54 |
| Label | Plug Research |
| Songwriter(s) | Bilal Oliver |
| Producer(s) | Bilal, Steve McKie |
| Bilal singles chronology | |
| "Fast Lane"
(2001) "**Restart**"
(2010) "All Matter"
(2010) | |


title: Mustafa Arif Deymer

abstract: Mustafa Arif Deymer (1874–1954) was a Turkish politician who served both the Ottoman government and the Turkish Republic. He served as the Ottoman interior minister from 1918 to 1919 and as minister of education in 1921. During the Turkish Republican era, he became governor of Kırklareli Province. He is also noted for providing important testimony in the aftermath of the Armenian genocide.

text:
# Mustafa Arif Deymer

**Mustafa Arif Deymer** (18741954) was a Turkish politician who served both the Ottoman government and the Turkish Republic. He served as the Ottoman interior minister from 1918 to 1919 and as minister of education in 1921. During the Turkish Republican era, he became governor of Kırklareli Province. He is also noted for providing important testimony in the aftermath of the Armenian genocide.

## Life and career

Mustafa Arif was born in Thessaloniki, Greece in 1874. He studied civil service. He subsequently served as a civil servant in his hometown of Thessaloniki.

He was then appointed as the Ottoman interior minister from 1918 to 1919 after Talaat Pasha resigned from his post.

On 21 October 1920, Mustafa Arif Bey was appointed as the head of the Council of State. He served this post until 19 August 1921. Thereafter, in 1921, he became the minister of education.

In 1924, after the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, Mustafa Arif served on the commission board of the Turkish Red Crescent during negotiations over the population exchange between Greece and Turkey.

On 27 July 1930, Mustafa Arif Deymer became governor of Kırklareli province, and served this position until 13 April 1932.

## Armenian genocide testimony

The Armenian genocide was the Ottoman government's systematic extermination of its minority Armenian subjects inside their historic homeland, which lies within the territory constituting the present-day Republic of Turkey. Mustafa Arif served as Interior Minister in 1918, succeeding Talat Pasha after the latter stepped down. Arif established a governmental commission that examined the period of the massacres. On March 18, 1919, the commission concluded that 800,000 Armenians had perished during these events. The figure became reputable after other Turkish historians such as Yusuf Hikmet Bayur used the figure in their research and writing.

Mustafa Arif testified as follows regarding the Armenian genocide:

> Surely a few Armenians aided and abetted our enemy, and a few Armenian Deputies committed crimes against the Turkish nation ... it is incumbent upon a government to pursue the guilty ones. Unfortunately, our wartime leaders, imbued with a spirit of brigandage, carried out the law of deportation in a manner that could surpass the proclivities of the most bloodthirsty bandits. They decided to exterminate the Armenians, and they did exterminate them.

He also stated: "The atrocities committed against the Armenians reduced our country to a gigantic slaughterhouse." Mustafa Arif concluded that "Nobody asserts that it did not happen", and that the responsibility for the massacres belonged solely to the government of the time.


title: The Quiet Epidemic

abstract: The Quiet Epidemic is a 2022 documentary film focusing on chronic Lyme disease, a pseudoscientific diagnosis promoted by an antiscience movement. The film was directed by Winslow Crane-Murdoch and Lindsay Keys. It premiered at the 2022 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival.

text:
# The Quiet Epidemic

***The Quiet Epidemic*** is a 2022 documentary film focusing on chronic Lyme disease, a pseudoscientific diagnosis promoted by an antiscience movement. The film was directed by Winslow Crane-Murdoch and Lindsay Keys. It premiered at the 2022 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival.

## InfoBox

| The Quiet Epidemic | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Lindsay Keys, Winslow Crane-Murdoch |
| Produced by | Chris Hegedus, Lindsay Keys, Daria Lombroso |
| Distributed by | First Run Features |
| Release date | * 2022 (2022) |
| Running time | 112 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Jacques Cassini

abstract: Jacques Cassini was a French astronomer, son of the famous Italian astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini. He was known as Cassini II.

text:
# Jacques Cassini

**Jacques Cassini** (18 February 1677 – 16 April 1756) was a French astronomer, son of the famous Italian astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini. He was known as Cassini II.

## Biography

Cassini was born at the Paris Observatory. He was first admitted to Collège Mazarin after brief studies at his home observatory under his father. Later, he was admitted at the age of seventeen to membership of the French Academy of Sciences, he was elected in 1696 a fellow of the Royal Society of London, and became *maître des comptes* in 1706. While in England, he was acquainted with other famous astronomers such as Newton and Halley. Having succeeded to his father's position at the observatory in 1712, in 1713 he extended the Paris meridian, measuring the arc of the meridian from Dunkirk to Perpignan, and published the results in a volume entitled *Traité de la grandeur et de la figure de la terre* (1720). His two separate calculations for a degree of meridian arc were 57,097 *toises de Paris* (111.282 km) and 57,061 toises (111.211 km), giving results for Earth's radius of 3,271,420 toises (6,375.998 km) and 3,269,297 toises (6,371.860 km), respectively. This work represented Cassini's delve into the Earth figure debate. There were two main schools of thought, the Cartesians believed in a prolate spheroid, and the Newtonians in an oblate spheroid. Cassini sided with the Cartesians over the Newtonians, advocating for a prolate spheroid shaped earth. The Cartesians had support, but the Newtonians made separate observations seeming to disagree with the Cartesian idea. Cassini II likely realized that the Newtonian observations were more accurate, and stepped out of the scientific field. He only returned publicly after an attack from Anders Celsius.

For his last few years he took up cartography, working with his son, Cassini de Thury or Cassini III, to create a new French map. This map was known as the Carte de Cassini, and was to be a very accurate map of France.

Jacques Cassini's work on the ballistic pendulum has been a topic of controversy among historians of science. While some credit him with developing original work on the topic, others argue that he built upon the ideas of earlier scientists. It is difficult to determine the extent of Cassini's original contributions, as the available historical records are vague and incomplete. However, subsequent work on ballistic pendulums by Benjamin Robins (1707–1751), a British mathematician and engineer, suggests that he independently repeated many of the same results. Regardless of the extent of Cassini's original contributions, his work on the ballistic pendulum was significant in its time and helped to advance the field of ballistics. The device allowed for the measurement of the velocity of projectiles, which was important for the development of more accurate firearms and artillery.

He also wrote *Eléments d'astronomie* on proper motion (1740), and published the first tables of the satellites of Saturn in 1716. He died at Thury, near Clermont, France.

The asteroid 24102 Jacquescassini is named after him.

Jacques Cassini married Suzanne Françoise Charpentier de Charmois. Their second son was astronomer César-François Cassini de Thury, who was also known as Cassini III.

## Works

A number of his publications about astronomy Archived 2018-04-26 at the Wayback Machine are preserved at the Paris Observatory library and available online on the digital library among them :

## InfoBox

| Jacques Cassini | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1677-02-18)18 February 1677
Paris Observatory |
| Died | 16 April 1756(1756-04-16) (aged 79)
Thury |
| Children | César-François Cassini de Thury |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Astronomy, Cartography |
|  | |


title: Tosterglope

abstract: Tosterglope is a municipality in the district of Lüneburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

text:
# Tosterglope

**Tosterglope** is a municipality in the district of Lüneburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## InfoBox

| Tosterglope | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Location of Tosterglope within Lüneburg district | |
| Tosterglope Tosterglope | |
| Coordinates: 53°13′N 10°49′E / 53.217°N 10.817°E / 53.217; 10.817 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Lower Saxony |
| District | Lüneburg |
| Municipal assoc. | Dahlenburg |
| Subdivisions | 4 Ortsteile |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Stefan Betzenberger |
| Area | |
| Total | 19.53 km2 (7.54 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 80 m (260 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 600 |
| Density | 31/km2 (80/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 21371 |
| Dialling codes | 05851, 05853 |
| Vehicle registration | LG |
| Website | www.tosterglope.de |


title: New York's 44th congressional district

abstract: The 44th congressional district of New York was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was created in 1945. It was eliminated as a result of the 1950 census. It was last represented by John C. Butler.

text:
# New York's 44th congressional district

The **44th congressional district of New York** was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was created in 1945. It was eliminated as a result of the 1950 census. It was last represented by John C. Butler.

## List of members representing the district

| Member | Party | Years | Cong
ress | Electoral history | District components |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| District established January 3, 1945 | | | | | |
|
**John C. Butler**
(Buffalo) | Republican | January 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1949 | 79th
80th | Redistricted from the 42nd district, and re-elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Lost re-election. | **1945–1953**
Parts of Erie County |
|
**Chester C. Gorski**
(Buffalo) | Democratic | January 3, 1949 –
January 3, 1951 | 81st | Elected in 1948.
Lost re-election. | |
|
**John C. Butler**
(Buffalo) | Republican | January 3, 1951 –
January 3, 1953 | 82nd | Elected in 1950.
Redistricted to the 42nd district and lost renomination. | |
| District dissolved January 3, 1953 | | | | | |

## Election results

The following chart shows complete election results.

| Year | Democratic | Republican | American Labor |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1944 | Leon A. Dombrowski: 72,164 | **John C. Butler** (Incumbent): 72,402 |  |
| 1946 | James B. Downey: 49,798 | **John C. Butler** (Incumbent): 67,495 |  |
| 1948 | **Chester C. Gorski**: 79,795 | John C. Butler (Incumbent): 71,275 | Robert Williams: 3,062 |
| 1950 | Chester C. Gorski (Incumbent): 66,541 | **John C. Butler**: 69,260 | Rufus Frasier: 2,035 |

* Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). *The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress*. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
* Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). *The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts*. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
* Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
* Election Statistics 1920-present Clerk of the House of Representatives

## InfoBox

| New York's 44th congressional district | |
| --- | --- |
| *Obsolete district* | |
| Created | 1945 |
| Eliminated | 1950 |
| Years active | 1945–1953 |


title: Henry Willis House

abstract: Henry Willis House, also known as Ehle House, is a historic home located near Penland, Mitchell County, North Carolina. It was built about 1880, and enlarged about 1890. It is a double-pen log house, with a weatherboarded log ell added after the turn of the 20th century. It was enlarged again about 1930 and in the 1980s. Also on the property is a contributing privy. It is one of the three traditional log homesteads in Mitchell County. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

text:
# Henry Willis House

**Henry Willis House**, also known as Ehle House, is a historic home located near Penland, Mitchell County, North Carolina. It was built about 1880, and enlarged about 1890. It is a double-pen log house, with a weatherboarded log ell added after the turn of the 20th century. It was enlarged again about 1930 and in the 1980s. Also on the property is a contributing privy. It is one of the three traditional log homesteads in Mitchell County.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Henry Willis House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | SR 1164, near Penland, North Carolina |
| Coordinates | 35°56′17″N 82°07′47″W / 35.93806°N 82.12972°W / 35.93806; -82.12972 |
| Area | 18 acres (7.3 ha) |
| Built | c. 1880 (1880), c. 1890 |
| Architectural style | Double-pen log house |
| NRHP reference No. | 88001051 |
| Added to NRHP | July 14, 1988 |


title: Mor Karima

abstract: Mor Karima is a village in Sidhwan Bet Mandal located in Ludhiana district, Punjab, India. Mor Karima has a population of 1316 living in 216 households. The village is one of 3789 villages in Punjab that have a scheduled caste population of 40% and above.

text:
# Mor Karima

**Mor Karima** is a village in Sidhwan Bet Mandal located in Ludhiana district, Punjab, India. Mor Karima has a population of 1316 living in 216 households. The village is one of 3789 villages in Punjab that have a scheduled caste population of 40% and above.

## Geography

The exact cartographic coordinates of Mor Karima are 30.83456, 75.60699. Other nearby villages within Sidwhan Bet Mandal are Sidhwan Bet, Abupura, Akuwal, Aliwal, Amargarh Kaler, Baghian, Bahadarke, Baniewal, Barsal, Bassian Bet, and Bhaini Araian. Mor Karima is 112 kilometers (70 mi) from Chandigarh, the capital of both Punjab and Haryana.

## Archeological Findings

Medieval and terracotta artifacts from the Harappan and Kushana civilizations have been found in Mor Karima, buried two meters underground in a large area of 50,000 square meters. These artifacts are from the Mature Harappan era (2600 - 1900 BCE).

## Natural Resources

Salt petre is found in Mor Karima and appears on the ground as an alkaline efflorescence in the summer months. Every seven to ten days, three to four centimeters of the ground is scraped to encourage production of salt petre. Cloudy weather and rainfall during the harvest season negatively affects salt petre production.

There are two sources of safe water in Mor Karima which provide 1.8 litres per capita per day. There is significantly less water available for villages in Mor Karima than there are in other villages such as Narangwal, whose water sources provide 39 litres per capacity per day. The Indian Government's Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme has recognized Mor Karima as having a water status of Not Covered (NC) and in need of funding to provide adequate sources of clean water.

## Education

Sarkari Primary School is the only government primary school located in Mor Karima. There is also a government medium school. Some students attend Mahant Lachhman Dass (MLD) High School, a private English and Punjabi medium school located in Talwandi Kalan, Ludhiana, Punjab.

Of the 1212 persons living in Mor Karima at the time of the 2001 India Census, 883 persons were literate; 499 men and 384 women.

## Religion

There is 2 Gurudwaras in Village-

* Gurudwara Singh Sabha
* Gurudwara Ravidass Bhagat

## Government and Infrastructure

The sarpanch of Mor Karima is Gurpreet Kaur and Panch is Subedar Niranjan Singh, Kulwant Singh, and Bibi Gurdeep Kaur. Mor Karima's pin/postal code is 142 023. The postal office that serves Mor Karima is Mor Karima Branch Office Post Office.

There are 63 Rural Household District Exchange Lines providing telephone services to Mor Karima. The SDCA code for Mor Karima is 1624.

## Nearby Colleges

* LGC (4 km)
* LPC (4 km)
* Bajaj College Chaukimaan(4 km)
* CT University Sidhwan (5 km)
* GHG Khalda College Gurusar (12 km)
* GHG College Sidhwan Khurd( 7 km)

## Nearby markets

* Sowaadi Kalan Market (4 km)
* Mullanpur (8 km)
* Jagraon (9 km)
* Ludhiana (26 km)
* Chaukimaan (4 km)

30°50′N 75°36′E / 30.833°N 75.600°E / 30.833; 75.600


title: Reversible Hill equation

text:
# Reversible Hill equation

The classic Monod–Wyman–Changeux model (MWC) for cooperativity is generally published in an irreversible form. That is, there are no product terms in the rate equation which can be problematic for those wishing to build metabolic models since there are no product inhibition terms. However, a series of publications by Popova and Sel'kov derived the MWC rate equation for the reversible, multi-substrate, multi-product reaction.

The same problem applies to the classic Hill equation which is almost always shown in an irreversible form. Hofmeyr and Cornish-Bowden first published the reversible form of the Hill equation. The equation has since been discussed elsewhere and the model has also been used in a number of kinetic models such as a model of Phosphofructokinase and Glycolytic Oscillations in the Pancreatic β-cells or a model of a glucose-xylose co-utilizing S. cerevisiae strain. The model has also been discussed in modern enzyme kinetics textbooks.

## Derivation

Consider the simpler case where there are two binding sites. See the scheme shown below. Each site is assumed to bind either molecule of substrate S or product P. The catalytic reaction is shown by the two reactions at the base of the scheme triangle, that is S to P and P to S. The model assumes the binding steps are always at equilibrium. The reaction rate is given by:

$v=k\_{1}\left(ES+2ES\_{2}+ESP\right)-k\_{2}\left(EP+2EP\_{2}+ESP\right)$

Invoking the rapid-equilibrium assumption we can write the various complexes in terms of equilibrium constants to give:

$v={\frac {V\_{f}\sigma (1-\rho )(\sigma +\pi )}{1+(\sigma +\pi )^{2}}}$

where $\rho =\Gamma /K\_{eq}$. The $\sigma $ and $\pi $ terms are the ratio of substrate and product to their respective half-saturation constants, namely $\sigma =S/S\_{0.5}$ and $\pi =P/P\_{0.5}$ and

Using the author's own notation, if an enzyme has $h$ sites that can bind ligand, the form, in the general case, can be shown to be:

$v={\frac {V\_{f}\sigma (1-\rho )(\sigma +\pi )^{h-1}{1+(\sigma +\pi )^{h}}}}$

The non-cooperative reversible Michaelis-Menten equation can be seen to emerge when we set the Hill coefficient to one.

If the enzyme is irreversible the equation turns into the simple Michaelis-Menten equation that is irreversible. When setting the equilibrium constant to infinity, the equation can be seen to revert to the simpler case where the product inhibits the reverse step.

A comparison has been made between the MWC and reversible Hill equation.

A modification of the reversible Hill equation was published by Westermark et al where modifiers affected the catalytic properties instead. This variant was shown to provide a much better fit for describing the kinetics of muscle phosphofructokinase.


title: Harthausen

abstract: Harthausen is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

text:
# Harthausen

**Harthausen** is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## InfoBox

| Harthausen | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location of Harthausen within Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis district | |
| Harthausen Harthausen | |
| Coordinates: 49°18′N 8°21′E / 49.300°N 8.350°E / 49.300; 8.350 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Rhineland-Palatinate |
| District | Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis |
| Municipal assoc. | Römerberg-Dudenhofen |
| Government | |
| Mayor (201924) | Harald Löffler (CDU) |
| Area | |
| Total | 8 km2 (3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 107 m (351 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 3,187 |
| Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 67376 |
| Dialling codes | 06344 |
| Vehicle registration | RP |
| Website | www.vgrd.de |


title: Murraylink

abstract: Murraylink is an Australian high voltage direct current electricity transmission link between Berri in South Australia and Red Cliffs in Victoria, connecting the two state electricity grids. Murraylink was commissioned in 2002 and is believed to be the world's longest underground transmission system and cost more than A$177 million. It was built by TransEnergie Australia, a subsidiary of Hydro-Québec. It was sold to the Australian Pipeline Trust in March 2006 for A$153 million. In December 2008 ownership of Murraylink was transferred to the newly formed Energy Infrastructure Investments Group, while APA continued as the operator. The ownership of EII is APA with 19.9%, with the balance with Japan-based Marubeni Corporation with 49.9% and Osaka Gas with 30.2%.

text:
# Murraylink

**Murraylink** is an Australian high voltage direct current electricity transmission link between Berri in South Australia and Red Cliffs in Victoria, connecting the two state electricity grids. Murraylink was commissioned in 2002 and is believed to be the world's longest underground transmission system and cost more than A$177 million. It was built by TransEnergie Australia, a subsidiary of Hydro-Québec. It was sold to the Australian Pipeline Trust (APA Group) in March 2006 for A$153 million. In December 2008 ownership of Murraylink (as well as Directlink) was transferred to the newly formed Energy Infrastructure Investments Group, while APA continued as the operator. The ownership of EII is APA with 19.9%, with the balance with Japan-based Marubeni Corporation with 49.9% and Osaka Gas with 30.2%.

## Capacity

Murraylink consists of two 180-kilometre (110 mi) long bipolar HVDC cables. The circuit has an operating voltage of 150 kV and a transmission capacity of 220 megawatts. The link operates an "HVDC Light" voltage-source converter system, utilising insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), to convert electricity between alternating current and direct current.

While Murraylink is rated at 220MW, it is unable to operate at capacity during periods of high demand due to limitations in the transmission infrastructure at either end. The limitations relate to thermal overload of transformers or transmission lines supplying the Riverland (for South Australia to Victoria transmission) and western Victoria (for Victoria to South Australia transmission).

## Sites

| Site | Coordinates |
| --- | --- |
| Red Cliffs Static Inverter Plant | 34°17′37″S 142°14′20″E / 34.29361°S 142.23889°E / -34.29361; 142.23889 (Red Cliffs Static Inverter Plant) |
| Berri Static Inverter Plant | 34°14′17″S 140°36′01″E / 34.23806°S 140.60028°E / -34.23806; 140.60028 (Berri Static Inverter Plant) |

## InfoBox

| Murraylink | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | Australia |
| Coordinates | 34°17′37″S 142°14′20″E / 34.29361°S 142.23889°E / -34.29361; 142.23889 (Red Cliffs Static Inverter Plant)
34°14′17″S 140°36′01″E / 34.23806°S 140.60028°E / -34.23806; 140.60028 (Berri Static Inverter Plant) |
| From | Berri, South Australia |
| To | Red Cliffs, Victoria |
| Ownership information | |
| Owner | Energy Infrastructure Investment |
| Operator | APA Group |
| Construction information | |
| Manufacturer of conductor/cable | ABB |
| Commissioned | 2002 |
| Technical information | |
| Type | underground cable |
| Type of current | Light HVDC |
| Total length | 180 km (110 mi) |
| Power rating | 220 MW |
| AC voltage | 132 kV (Berri)
220 kV (Red Cliffs) |
| DC voltage | ±150 kV |
| No. of poles | 2 |


title: The Palace of Pleasure (film)

abstract: The Palace of Pleasure is a lost 1926 American silent drama film directed by Emmett J. Flynn and written by Benjamin Glazer and Bradley King. The film stars Betty Compson, Edmund Lowe, Henry Kolker, Harvey Clark, Nina Romano, and Francis McDonald. The film was released on January 10, 1926, by Fox Film Corporation.

text:
# The Palace of Pleasure (film)

***The Palace of Pleasure*** is a lost 1926 American silent drama film directed by Emmett J. Flynn and written by Benjamin Glazer and Bradley King. The film stars Betty Compson, Edmund Lowe, Henry Kolker, Harvey Clark, Nina Romano, and Francis McDonald. The film was released on January 10, 1926, by Fox Film Corporation.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine review, Don Sebastian, Portuguese Premier, sets a price on the head of royalist Ricardo Madons. Madons is in love with actress Lola Montez, whom Sebastian also adores. Madons abducts Lola and compels her to wed him, but then does not hold her to the compact. Lola, who is really in love with him, repents having sent for assistance when she was taken. When Sebastian's soldiers arrive, Lola is nearly slain when she stops a bullet meant for Madons. She plots successfully and escapes with Madons, and the couple find happiness across the border.

## Cast

## Preservation

With no prints of *The Palace of Pleasure* located in any film archives, it is a lost film.

## InfoBox

| The Palace of Pleasure | |
| --- | --- |
| Window poster | |
| Directed by | Emmett J. Flynn |
| Screenplay by | Benjamin Glazer
Bradley King |
| Starring | Betty Compson
Edmund Lowe
Henry Kolker
Harvey Clark
Nina Romano
Francis McDonald |
| Cinematography | Ernest Palmer |
| Production
company | Fox Film Corporation |
| Distributed by | Fox Film Corporation |
| Release date | * January 10, 1926 (1926-01-10) |
| Running time | 60 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: Jacqueline Guan

abstract: Jacqueline Guan is an Australian badminton player. In 2011, she won the girls' doubles title at the Australian Junior International tournament partnered with Gronya Somerville. At the same year, she and Somerville represented their country competed at the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games. The duo lose the girls' doubles bronze medal match to Sri Lankan pair with the score 12–21, 21–19, and 16–21. She also competed at the 2011 and 2012 World Junior Championships. In 2014, she won the gold medal at the Oceania Championships in the women's doubles event and a silver medal in the mixed doubles event. In July 2014, she competed at the Glasgow Commonwealth Games.

text:
# Jacqueline Guan

**Jacqueline Guan** (born 3 November 1994) is an Australian badminton player. In 2011, she won the girls' doubles title at the Australian Junior International tournament partnered with Gronya Somerville. At the same year, she and Somerville represented their country competed at the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games. The duo lose the girls' doubles bronze medal match to Sri Lankan pair with the score 12–21, 21–19, and 16–21. She also competed at the 2011 and 2012 World Junior Championships. In 2014, she won the gold medal at the Oceania Championships in the women's doubles event and a silver medal in the mixed doubles event. In July 2014, she competed at the Glasgow Commonwealth Games.

## Achievements

### Oceania Championships

*Women's doubles*

| Year | Venue | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| 2014 | Ken Kay Badminton Stadium,
Ballarat, Australia | Gronya Somerville | Jacinta Joe
Louisa Ma | 21–14, 21–17 | **Gold** |

*Mixed doubles*

| Year | Venue | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| 2014 | Ken Kay Badminton Stadium,
Ballarat, Australia | Matthew Chau | Oliver Leydon-Davis
Susannah Leydon-Davis | 19–21, 13–21 | **Silver** |

## InfoBox

| Jacqueline Guan | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Country | Australia |
| Born | (1994-11-03) 3 November 1994
Melbourne, Australia |
| Handedness | Left |
| Women's | |
| Highest ranking | 43 (WD) 6 March 2014
83 (XD) 2 October 2014 |
| Medal record      Badminton  Representing  Australia  Oceania Championships  2014 Ballarat Women's doubles  2014 Ballarat Mixed doubles  Oceania Mixed Team Championships  2014 Ballarat Mixed team  2012 Ballarat Mixed team  Oceania Women's Team Championships  2012 Ballarat Women's team | |
| BWF profile | |


title: Tostem station

abstract: Tostem is a station on Line 3 of the Dalian Metro in Liaoning Province, China. It is located in the Jinzhou District of Dalian City.

text:
# Tostem station

**Tostem** is a station on Line 3 of the Dalian Metro in Liaoning Province, China. It is located in the Jinzhou District of Dalian City.

39°04′06″N 121°46′01″E / 39.06833°N 121.76694°E / 39.06833; 121.76694

## InfoBox

| Tostem
通世泰 METRO | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Location | Dalian, Liaoning
China |
| Operated by | Dalian Public Transportation Group Co. Ltd. |
| Line(s) | Line 3 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station Dalian Metro Following station  Dalian Development Areatowards Dalian Railway Station  Line 3  Phoenix Peaktowards Jiuli | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: New York's 45th congressional district

abstract: The 45th congressional district of New York was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was created in 1945 and eliminated as a result of the 1950 census. For the entirety of its existence it was represented by Daniel A. Reed who was redistricted into the 43rd district after its demise.

text:
# New York's 45th congressional district

The **45th congressional district of New York** was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was created in 1945 and eliminated as a result of the 1950 census. For the entirety of its existence it was represented by Daniel A. Reed who was redistricted into the 43rd district after its demise.

## List of members representing the district

| Representative | Party | Years | Cong
ress | Electoral history | District location |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| District established January 3, 1945 | | | | | |
|
**Daniel A. Reed**
(Dunkirk) | Republican | January 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1953 | 79th
80th
81st
82nd | Redistricted from the 43rd district and re-elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Redistricted to the 43rd district. | **1945–1953**
Allegany, Cattaraugus, and Chautauqua |
| District dissolved January 3, 1953 | | | | | |

## Election results

### 1944

1944 New York's 45th congressional district election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Daniel A. Reed (incumbent)** | **64,456** | **64.13%** | **N/A** |
|  | Democratic | Orrin Hale Parker | 36,050 | 35.87% | N/A |
| Total votes | | | **100,506** | **100.00%** |  |
|  | Republican **win** (new seat) | | | | |

### 1946

1946 New York's 45th congressional district election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Daniel A. Reed (incumbent)** | **53,327** | **70.41%** | **+6.28** |
|  | Democratic | Joseph E. Proudman | 20,205 | 26.68% | –9.19 |
|  | Veterans' Victory | Carl William Lundberg | 2,208 | 2.92 | N/A |
| Total votes | | | **75,740** | **100.00%** |  |
|  | Republican **hold** | | | | |

### 1948

1948 New York's 45th congressional district election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Daniel A. Reed (incumbent)** | **58,340** | **60.14%** | **–10.27** |
|  | Democratic | Hubert D. Bliss | 35,406 | 36.50% | +9.82 |
|  | American Labor | Lewis King | 2,093 | 2.16% | N/A |
|  | Liberal | Elmer Olson | 1,166 | 1.20% | N/A |
| Total votes | | | **97,005** | **100.00%** |  |
|  | Republican **hold** | | | | |

### 1950

1950 New York's 45th congressional district election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Daniel A. Reed (incumbent)** | **54,490** | **66.00%** | **+5.86** |
|  | Democratic | Frederick S. Buck | 27,317 | 33.09% | –3.41 |
|  | Liberal | Elmer Olson | 757 | 0.92% | –0.28 |
| Total votes | | | **82,564** | **100.00%** |  |
|  | Republican **hold** | | | | |

## Sources

## InfoBox

| New York's 45th congressional district | |
| --- | --- |
| *Obsolete district* | |
| Created | 1945 |
| Eliminated | 1950 |
| Years active | 1945–1953 |


title: New York Yankees (1936 AFL)

abstract: The New York Yankees of the second American Football League was the second professional American football team competing under that name. It is unrelated to the Yankees of the first AFL, the Yankees of the third AFL, the Yankees of the American Association and the (later) Yankees of the All-America Football Conference. The Yankees played their home games in Yankee Stadium and Triborough Stadium in New York, New York. Jack McBride was the team’s head coach throughout its existence; Yankees' president James Bush served as president of the second American Football League in 1936. Formed by signing National Football League players, primarily New York Giants, the 1936 Yankees battled the Boston Shamrocks and the Cleveland Rams for the league title. New York Giants-turned-Yankees also included end Les Borden and back Stu Clancy. The 1937 edition of the Yankees was never truly in the running as league newcomers Los Angeles Bulldogs were the only AFL team with a winning record as Los Angeles dominated the league with an unbeaten, untied 8-0-0 record. While there was no "official" all-AFL team declared for the 1936 season, guard Alex Drobnitch was the sole Yankee to be named to the All-League team in 1937. Other Yankees stars include Dean Nesmith, Charlie Segal, Al Rose, and Irv "King Kong" Klein. The complete domination of the AFL by the Bulldogs decimated attendance in Yankee Stadium as LA played the second half of its season on the American West Coast. With all the AFL clubs deeply in the red, the second American Football League – and the Yankees – closed up shop at the end of the 1937 season.

text:
# New York Yankees (1936 AFL)

The **New York Yankees** of the second American Football League was the second professional American football team competing under that name. It is unrelated to the Yankees of the first AFL (and the National Football League), the Yankees of the third AFL, the Yankees of the American Association (then also called the American Football League) and the (later) Yankees of the All-America Football Conference. The Yankees played their home games in Yankee Stadium and Triborough Stadium in New York, New York. Jack McBride was the team’s head coach throughout its existence; Yankees' president James Bush served as president of the second American Football League in 1936.

Formed by signing National Football League players, primarily New York Giants, the 1936 Yankees (including back Elmer Strong and tackle Jess Quatse) battled the Boston Shamrocks and the Cleveland Rams for the league title (which Boston won). New York Giants-turned-Yankees also included end Les Borden and back Stu Clancy. The 1937 edition of the Yankees was never truly in the running as league newcomers Los Angeles Bulldogs were the only AFL team with a winning record as Los Angeles dominated the league with an unbeaten, untied 8-0-0 record (the Yankees finished in third place for the second straight year, this time with 2-3-1).

While there was no "official" all-AFL team declared for the 1936 season, guard Alex Drobnitch was the sole Yankee to be named to the All-League team in 1937. Other Yankees stars include Dean Nesmith, Charlie Segal, Al Rose, and Irv "King Kong" Klein.

The complete domination of the AFL by the Bulldogs decimated attendance in Yankee Stadium as LA played the second half of its season on the American West Coast (while the Yankees averaged roughly 14,000 in attendance in 1936, the number was cut to about 5000 in 1937). With all the AFL clubs (except Los Angeles) deeply in the red, the second American Football League – and the Yankees – closed up shop at the end of the 1937 season.

| Year | W | L | T | Finish | Head Coach |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1936 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3rd (AFL) | Jack McBride |
| 1937 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3rd (AFL) | Jack McBride |

Some sources indicate the Yankees of the third American Football League (1940) a continuation of the 1936-1937 Yankees, citing a common head coach (Jack McBride) and the continuing existences of two other AFL II teams, the Cincinnati Bengals (which also competed in the third AFL) and the Los Angeles Bulldogs (which became a founding member of the Pacific Coast Professional Football League in 1940 – after competing with Cincinnati in the American Professional Football League, which ironically called itself the American Football League in 1938). While circumstantial evidence hints at the Yankees having a similar continuation, there is no record of any Yankees games played in 1938 and 1939, and the 1940 Yankees team had different ownership/management from its 1937 namesakes, aside from their common head coach. They had a center, Henry Bogacki who played on the team.

## InfoBox

New York Yankees
| Founded | 1936 |
| --- | --- |
| Folded | 1937 |
| Based in | New York, New York, United States |
| League | American Football League (1936-1937) |
| Team history | **New York Yankees (1936-37)** |
| Team colors | Red, White, Blue |
| Head coaches | Jack McBride (1936-1937) |
| Owner(s) | James Bush (president) |
| Home field(s) | Yankee Stadium <br>Triborough Stadium |


title: Hicks-Tinbergen Award

abstract: The Hicks-Tinbergen Award is a biennial prize in economics awarded by the European Economic Association (EEA) to the author(s) of the best article published in the EEA's journal within the two preceding years. The Hicks-Tinbergen Award was created in 1991 and is named in honour of the Dutch econometrician Jan Tinbergen and the British economist John Hicks to show that the EEA supports both theoretical and empirical economic research in Europe. Until 2002, the journal of the EEA was the European Economic Review, which was subsequently replaced by the Journal of the European Economic Association. The Hicks-Tinbergen Award is generally awarded at the EEA's Annual Congress, after a committee of three economists has selected the winner among the nominations submitted by EEA members.

text:
# Hicks-Tinbergen Award

The **Hicks-Tinbergen Award** is a biennial prize in economics awarded by the European Economic Association (EEA) to the author(s) of the best article published in the EEA's journal within the two preceding years. The Hicks-Tinbergen Award was created in 1991 and is named in honour of the Dutch econometrician Jan Tinbergen and the British economist John Hicks to show that the EEA supports both theoretical and empirical economic research in Europe. Until 2002, the journal of the EEA was the *European Economic Review*, which was subsequently replaced by the *Journal of the European Economic Association*. The Hicks-Tinbergen Award is generally awarded at the EEA's Annual Congress, after a committee of three economists has selected the winner among the nominations submitted by EEA members.

## Past Recipients

*A complete list of the past recipients of the Hicks-Tinbergen Award can be found on the website of the EEA.*

| Year | Recipients | Publication |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1992 | Anton Barten and L.J. Bettendorf | *Price formation for fish: An application of an inverse demand function* |
| 1994 | Robert Innesq and Richard Sexton | *Customer coalitions, monopoly price discrimination and generic entry deterrence* |
| 1996 | Jan van Ours and Geert Ridder | *Job matching and job competition: Are lower educated workers at the back of job queues?* |
| 1998 | Laura Bottazzi, Paolo Pesenti and Eric van Wincoop | *Wages, profits and the international portfolio puzzle* |
| 2000 | Ernst Fehr, Georg Kirchsteiger and Arno Riedl | *Gift exchange and reciprocity in competitive experimental markets* |
| 2002 | Juan Carrillo and Thomas Mariotti | *Electoral competition and politician turnover* |
| 2004 | Frank Smets and Raf Wouters | *An estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of the Euro Area* |
| 2006 | Gary Gorton and Frank A. Schmid | *Capital, labor and the firm: A study of German codetermination* |
| 2008 | Botond Köszegy | *Ego utility, overconfidence, and task choice* |
| 2010 | Denis Fougère, Francis Kramarz and Julien Pouget | *Youth unemployment and crime in France* |
| 2012 | Guido Tabellini | *Culture and institutions: Economic development in the regions of Europe* |
| 2014 | Amy Finkelstein, Enzo Luttmer and Matthew Notowidigdo | *What good is wealth without health? The effect of health on the marginal utility of consumption* |
| 2016 | Riccardo Puglisi and James Snyder | *The Balanced US Press* |
| 2018 | Luigi Griso, Paola Sapienza and Luigi Zingales | *Long-term persistence* |
| 2020 | Jose Asturias, Manuel García-Santana and Roberto Ramos Magdaleno | *Competition and the Welfare Gains from Transportation Infrastructure: Evidence from the Golden Quadrilateral in India* |


title: Uropeltis petersi

abstract: Uropeltis petersi, commonly known as Peter's earth snake, Peters' shieldtail, and the shieldtail earth snake, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India.

text:
# Uropeltis petersi

***Uropeltis petersi***, commonly known as **Peter's earth snake**, **Peters' shieldtail**, and the **shieldtail earth snake**, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India.

## Etymology

The specific name, *petersi*, is in honor of German herpetologist Wilhelm Peters (1815–1883).

## Geographic range

*U. petersi* is found in southern India in the Anaimalai Hills, at elevations of 4,000–5,000 ft (1,200–1,500 m).

Type locality: "Anamallays, 4000 feet".

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of *U. petersi* is forest.

## Description

The dorsum of *U. petersi* is uniformly brown, or brown with yellowish dots. The venter has irregular yellowish spots.

It may attain a total length (including tail) of 19 cm (7+12 in).

The smooth dorsals are arranged in 17 rows at midbody, in 19 rows behind the head. The ventrals number 151-180, and the subcaudals number 6-11.

The snout is obtusely pointed. The rostral is slightly less than ¼ the length of the shielded part of the head. The portion of the rostral visible from above is shorter than its distance from the frontal. The nasals are in contact with each other behind the rostral. The frontal is longer than broad. The eye is small, its diameter less than ½ the length of the ocular shield. The diameter of the body goes 25 to 33 times into the total length. The ventrals are about two times as large as the contiguous scales. The tail is round or slightly laterally compressed, the terminal dorsal scales distinctly pluricarinate. The terminal scute has a transverse ridge, but without points.

## Behaviour

*U. petersi* is terrestrial and fossorial.

## Reproduction

*U. petersi* is ovoviviparous.

## Further reading

* Beddome, R.H. (1878). "Descriptions of new Uropeltidae from Southern India, with Remarks on some previously-described Species". *Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London* **1878** (1): 154–155. (*Silybura petersi*, new species, p. 154).
* Beddome, R.H. (1886). "An Account of the Earth-Snakes of the Peninsula of India and Ceylon". *Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Fifth Series* **17**: 3–33. (*Silybura Petersi*, p. 22).
* Boulenger, G.A. (1890). *The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia*. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xviii + 541 pp. (*Silybura petersii*, p. 261).
* Sharma, R.C. (2003). *Handbook: Indian Snakes*. Kolkata: Zoological Survey of India. 292 pp. ISBN 978-8181711694.
* Smith, M.A. (1943). *The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes.* London: Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 583 pp. (*Uropeltis petersi*, new compination, p. 84).

## InfoBox

| *Uropeltis petersi* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Uropeltidae |
| Genus: | *Uropeltis* |
| Species: | ***U. petersi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Uropeltis petersi***
(Beddome, 1878) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Silybura petersi*
Beddome, 1878 * *Uropeltis petersi*
M.A. Smith, 1943 | |


title: Klotzschia

abstract: Klotzschia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is native to Brazil.

text:
# Klotzschia

***Klotzschia*** is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is native to Brazil.

## Taxonomy

The genus was first described by Adelbert von Chamisso in 1833. The name *Klotzschia* is in honour of Johann Friedrich Klotzsch (1805–1860), a German pharmacist and botanist.

A 2021 molecular phylogenetic study suggested that it does not belong to any of the four subfamilies into which the family Apiaceae is divided. It has been suggested that it could be placed in a subfamily of its own.

### Species

According to Plants of the World Online:

## InfoBox

| *Klotzschia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Klotzschia glaziovii* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Genus: | *Klotzschia*<br>Cham. |
|