title: Patrick J. McNulty

abstract: Patrick J. McNulty (1922–1997) was a judge of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Minnesota from 1968-1975 and a United States magistrate judge of the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota from 1978 until his death in 1997. McNulty received his B.S.L. (1947) and J.D. (1948) from the University of Minnesota Law School. He was admitted to the Minnesota Bar in 1949. McNulty clerked for Minnesota Supreme Court Justice Frank Gallagher from 1949-1950 before entering practice. Interrupting his undergraduate education, McNulty had served as a fighter pilot with the U.S. Army Air Force during World War II and until shortly thereafter (1943-1946). Patrick J. McNulty and his wife from 1952 Gladys Bird LaFave were of the Roman Catholic faith. After retiring as a magistrate, he continued to work as a special master in the District of Minnesota, but his behavior became erratic, including an arrest for shoplifting cigarettes and accusations of other shoplifting incidents.

text:
# Patrick J. McNulty

**Patrick J. McNulty** (1922–1997) was a judge of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Minnesota from 1968-1975 and a United States magistrate judge of the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota from 1978 until his death in 1997. McNulty received his B.S.L. (1947) and J.D. (1948) (summa cum laude, Order of the Coif) from the University of Minnesota Law School. He was admitted to the Minnesota Bar in 1949. McNulty clerked for Minnesota Supreme Court Justice Frank Gallagher from 1949-1950 before entering practice. Interrupting his undergraduate education, McNulty had served as a fighter pilot with the U.S. Army Air Force during World War II and until shortly thereafter (1943-1946). Patrick J. McNulty and his wife from 1952 Gladys Bird LaFave were of the Roman Catholic faith. After retiring as a magistrate, he continued to work as a special master in the District of Minnesota, but his behavior became erratic, including an arrest for shoplifting cigarettes and accusations of other shoplifting incidents.

1. Bingham C. & Gansler, L.L. *Class Action: The Landmarked Case that Changed Sexual Harassment* (2003) New York, New York: Knopf Doubleday (e book not paginated) ISBN 1400075882, 9781400075881
2. Official website of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Minnesota.
3. *Minnesota Supreme Court Law Clerks (1929 – present)*, p. 4. Minnesota Supreme Court Historical Society (Monograph), retrieved 12/31/2015 from http://www.mncourts.gov/documents/0/public/court\_information\_office/pcdocs-2140303-v3-revised\_mn\_supreme\_court\_law\_clerks\_1929-current.doc Archived 2017-02-24 at the Wayback Machine
4. Bingham C. & Gansler, L.L. *Class Action: The Landmark Case that Changed Sexual Harassment* (2003) New York, New York: Knopf Doubleday, p. 354 ISBN 1400075882, 9781400075881


title: Patrick J. Moynihan

abstract: Patrick J. Moynihan was an Irish–American political and social leader who served as Massachusetts state deputy of the Knights of Columbus from 1936 to 1938 and chairman of the state Commission of Administration and Finance from 1937 to 1941.

text:
# Patrick J. Moynihan

**Patrick J. Moynihan** (1891 – 1969) was an Irish–American political and social leader who served as Massachusetts state deputy of the Knights of Columbus from 1936 to 1938 and chairman of the state Commission of Administration and Finance from 1937 to 1941.

## Early life

Moynihan was born in Killarney in 1891. He graduated from De La Salle College Waterford and the University of Dublin and worked as a schoolteacher. He immigrated to the United States in 1912. Moynihan settled in New York City and found work as an accountant for *Collier's*. He graduated from the Pace Institute School of Accountancy and became a Certified Public Accountant. In 1919, he became a U.S. citizen. The following year, he moved to Boston, where he taught at the South Boston Evening High School and ran his own accounting firm.

## Knights of Columbus

In 1936, Moynihan was elected state deputy of the Massachusetts State Council of the Knights of Columbus. He was the first person born in Ireland to hold this position. At the 1937 Supreme Convention, Moynihan stunned delegates by nominating Deputy Supreme Knight Francis P. Matthews for Supreme Knight, but Matthews declined the nomination.

At the 1939 Supreme Convention in Seattle, Moynihan alleged that $787,124.04 had been misappropriated from mortuary funds in order to pay the salaries and expenses of supreme officers and supreme directors and called for an investigation into the order's finances. After making the allegations, Moynihan was suspended from the order by Supreme Knight Francis P. Matthews.

## Government service

In February 1937, Moynihan was appointed executive director of the city of Boston's welfare department. He removed three unqualified relatives of politically connected people from the city's welfare roles, but despite public pressure, refused to name the officials in order to keep his department's records confidential.

That December, he was appointed chairman of the Commission of Administration and Finance by Governor Charles F. Hurley. In this role, Moynihan and his four fellow commissioners advised the governor on state spending. On June 7, 1938, Moynihan issued an order that granted all state workers the right to organize and engage in collective bargaining, but not strike. Following the 1938 New England hurricane, Moynihan chaired the state emergency relief commission. Hurley's Republican successor, Leverett Saltonstall, chose not to reappoint Moynihan and on December 29, 1941, he was succeeded by Massachusetts Senate President Angier Goodwin.

From 1955 to 1962, Moynihan was the state's chief director of bank examiners.

## Later life

In 1945, Moynihan moved from his longtime home in Roslindale to Newtonville. From 1948 to 1955, he was a professor of accounting at Boston College and Merrimack College. His wife, Nellie (O'Donnell) Moynihan, died in 1962.

Moynihan died on February 1, 1969, at a nursing home in West Roxbury. His funeral mass was held at St. Theresa Church in West Roxbury and said by Bishop Jeremiah Francis Minihan. He was buried in Saint Mary's Cemetery in Needham, Massachusetts.

## InfoBox

| Patrick J. Moynihan | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Chairman of the Massachusetts Commission of Administration and Finance | |
| **In office**
1937–1941 | |
| Preceded by | Charles P. Howard |
| Succeeded by | Angier Goodwin |
| Massachusetts State Deputy of the Knights of Columbus | |
| **In office**
1936–1938 | |
| Preceded by | Joseph H. Martin |
| Succeeded by | John J. Spillane |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1891
Killarney, Ireland |
| Died | February 1, 1969 (aged 78)
West Roxbury, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Resting place | Saint Mary's Cemetery
Needham, Massachusetts |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Nellie O'Donnell (died 1962) |
| Children | 1 |
| Alma mater | University of Dublin
Pace Institute |
| Occupation | Teacher
Accountant
Government official |
|  | |


title: Patrick J. McGrath

abstract: Patrick Joseph McGrath was an Irish-born American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of San Jose in California from 1999 to 2019 and as an auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco from 1989 to 1998.

text:
# Patrick J. McGrath

| Styles of
**Patrick Joseph McGrath** | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Reference style |  |
| Spoken style | Your Excellency |
| Religious style | Bishop |

**Patrick Joseph McGrath** (/məˈɡrɔː/ *meh-GRAW*; June 11, 1945 – May 7, 2023) was an Irish-born American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of San Jose in California from 1999 to 2019 and as an auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco from 1989 to 1998.

## Biography

### Early life

Patrick McGrath was born in Dublin, Ireland, on June 11, 1945. He was the youngest of three sons of Patrick Joseph McGrath, Sr., and Eileen Gaule McGrath. For secondary school, Patrick McGrath attended Chanel College in Dublin. In 1964, at age 19, McGrath entered St. John's Seminary in Waterford, Ireland. His father died while he was in seminary.

### Priesthood

In 1970, McGrath was ordained to the priesthood in Waterford by Michael Russell (bishop of Waterford and Lismore) for service in the Archdiocese of San Francisco. McGrath moved to San Francisco, where he was assigned as parochial vicar of St. Anne of the Sunset Parish and as a member of the archdiocesan tribunal.

In 1974, he was sent to Rome to continue his education, earning a Doctor of Canon Law degree from the Pontifical Lateran University on June 11, 1977. After returning to San Francisco. McGrath was appointed the vice-officialis, then officialis, of the archdiocesan tribunal. In 1986, he became pastor, then rector of the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption Parish in San Francisco.

### Auxiliary Bishop of San Francisco

Pope John Paul II appointed McGrath as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of San Francisco and titular bishop of Allegheny (Titular See)|Allegheny on December 6, 1988. He was consecrated on January 25, 1989, at the Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption in San Francisco. Archbishop Quinn served as his principal consecrator.

### Bishop of San Jose

John Paul II named McGrath as coadjutor bishop of the Diocese of San Jose on June 30, 1998. When Bishop Pierre DuMaine retired on November 27, 1999, McGrath automatically succeeded him.

On August 23, 2018, the diocese, with McGrath's approval, paid US$2.3 million for a 3,269 square foot, five-bedroom home in Silicon Valley to serve as McGrath's retirement residence. McGrath explained that the money for house came from a fund that was dedicated only for housing expenses for retired bishops. However, facing criticism about the purchase, McGrath said a day later that the parish would sell the house and he would eventually retire in a parish rectory instead.

On October 23, 2018, McGrath released a list of 15 priests with credible allegations of sexual abuse against minors. As part of the investigative process, McGrath held several listening sessions with individuals impacted by the alleged crimes.

### Retirement and death

Before having reached the mandatory retirement age of 75 for bishops, McGrath submitted his letter of resignation as bishop of the Diocese of San Jose to Pope Francis. The pope accepted it on May 1, 2019.

McGrath died on May 7, 2023, at the age of 77.

## InfoBox

| His Excellency, The Most Reverend
Patrick Joseph McGrath | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop Emeritus of San José in California | |
| McGrath (right) in 2007 | |
| Church | Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph |
| Diocese | San Jose |
| Appointed | June 30, 1998 |
| Installed | November 27, 1999 |
| Term ended | May 1, 2019 |
| Predecessor | Pierre DuMaine |
| Successor | Oscar Cantú |
| Previous post(s) |  |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | June 7, 1970
by Michael Russell |
| Consecration | January 25, 1989
by John R. Quinn, Mark Joseph Hurley, and Michael Joseph Kaniecki |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1945-06-11)June 11, 1945
Dublin, Ireland |
| Died | May 7, 2023(2023-05-07) (aged 77) |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Motto | TOGETHER IN CHRIST |


title: Pathergy

abstract: Pathergy is a skin condition in which a minor trauma such as a bump or bruise leads to the development of skin lesions or ulcers that may be resistant to healing. Pathergy can also lead to ulcerations at the site of surgical incisions. Pathergy is seen with both Behçet's disease and pyoderma gangrenosum. A highly similar phenomenon known as the Koebner phenomenon occurs in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus, among others. Doctors looking toward a diagnosis of Behçet's disease may attempt to induce a pathergy reaction with a test known as a "skin prick test". The inflammation and ulceration that occurs as a result of pathergy in pyoderma gangrenosum often responds to systemic steroid therapy. The pathergy reaction is a unique feature of Behçet's disease and, according to the International Study Group for Behcet's Disease, is among the major criteria required for the diagnosis. Different positive pathergy reaction rates in BD have been reported worldwide. When BD-positive groups are studied for pathergy reaction, the pathergy-positive and pathergy-negative BD groups showed a similar male: female ratio, age at disease onset, and mean disease duration. They also exhibited similar HLA-B51 levels and a similar frequency of oral ulcerations in close family members. The mucocutaneous manifestations, systemic disease expression, and severity score were similar in patients with and without the pathergy reaction. The presence of a positive pathergy reaction is not associated with an increased risk for specific mucocutaneous or systemic manifestations of the disease, and probably does not predict a more severe disease course. It is also important to note that, while a positive pathergy reaction helps to confirm a specific Behçet's disease diagnosis, a negative reaction does not invalidate a BD diagnosis, because the disease process has to be active at the time of the skin prick test to produce a pathergy reaction. Differences in positive/negative pathergy and severity of the reaction depend on disease activity, ethnicity, type of needle used for the prick test, among other factors. Pathergy test is done both orally and cutaneous. Orally, the lower lip is the site of testing. Appearance of any ulcer or papule indicates a positive pathergy reaction. Cutaneous sites are the flexor forearm.

text:
# Pathergy

**Pathergy** is a skin condition in which a minor trauma such as a bump or bruise leads to the development of skin lesions or ulcers that may be resistant to healing. Pathergy can also lead to ulcerations at the site of surgical incisions. Pathergy is seen with both Behçet's disease and pyoderma gangrenosum. A highly similar phenomenon known as the Koebner phenomenon occurs in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus, among others.

Doctors looking toward a diagnosis of Behçet's disease may attempt to induce a pathergy reaction with a test known as a "skin prick test". The inflammation and ulceration that occurs as a result of pathergy in pyoderma gangrenosum often responds to systemic steroid therapy.

The pathergy reaction is a unique feature of Behçet's disease and, according to the International Study Group for Behcet's Disease, is among the major criteria required for the diagnosis. Different positive pathergy reaction rates in BD have been reported worldwide. When BD-positive groups are studied for pathergy reaction, the pathergy-positive and pathergy-negative BD groups showed a similar male: female ratio, age at disease onset, and mean disease duration. They also exhibited similar HLA-B51 levels and a similar frequency of oral ulcerations in close family members. The mucocutaneous manifestations, systemic disease expression, and severity score were similar in patients with and without the pathergy reaction. The presence of a positive pathergy reaction is not associated with an increased risk for specific mucocutaneous or systemic manifestations of the disease, and probably does not predict a more severe disease course.

It is also important to note that, while a positive pathergy reaction helps to confirm a specific Behçet's disease diagnosis, a negative reaction does not invalidate a BD diagnosis, because the disease process has to be active at the time of the skin prick test to produce a pathergy reaction. Differences in positive/negative pathergy and severity of the reaction depend on disease activity, ethnicity, type of needle used for the prick test, among other factors.

Pathergy test is done both orally and cutaneous.

Orally, the lower lip is the site of testing. Appearance of any ulcer or papule indicates a positive pathergy reaction.

Cutaneous sites are the flexor forearm.

## Epidemiology


title: Patricia Kaas (album)

abstract: Patricia Kaas is the tenth studio album by French singer Patricia Kaas, released on 11 November 2016 by Warner Warner Music France. In fact, this is the first singer's album in 13 years where only new and original songs are present. The album was recorded in France at the Paris studios Les Studios Saint Germain and Studio Labomatic in the period from March 2015 to June 2016. The producer was Jonathan Quarmby. Later, the singer said that the album is personal and reflects the events of the last events of her life, Kaas also stated that she decided to touch on acute social topics on the album, the topic of domestic violence, for example, because they are silenced in society for some reason. On 20 June 2016, the lead single "Le Jour et l'Heure" was released, according to the author, the song was written under the impression of the terrorist attacks in Paris in 2015. The song managed to reach 69th place in the singles chart. On 14 September the second single "Madame tout le monde" was released. The album itself was released on 11 November 2016. The release of the record coincided with the fiftieth anniversary of the singer and the thirtieth anniversary since the beginning of her creative activity. The album received positive reviews from critics, and also entered the top twenty charts of Belgium, France and Switzerland.

text:
# Patricia Kaas (album)

***Patricia Kaas*** is the tenth studio album by French singer Patricia Kaas, released on 11 November 2016 by Warner Warner Music France. In fact, this is the first singer's album in 13 years where only new and original songs are present.

The album was recorded in France at the Paris studios Les Studios Saint Germain and Studio Labomatic in the period from March 2015 to June 2016. The producer was Jonathan Quarmby. Later, the singer said that the album is personal and reflects the events of the last events of her life, Kaas also stated that she decided to touch on acute social topics on the album, the topic of domestic violence, for example, because they are silenced in society for some reason.

On 20 June 2016, the lead single "Le Jour et l'Heure" was released, according to the author, the song was written under the impression of the terrorist attacks in Paris in 2015. The song managed to reach 69th place in the singles chart. On 14 September the second single "Madame tout le monde" was released.

The album itself was released on 11 November 2016. The release of the record coincided with the fiftieth anniversary of the singer and the thirtieth anniversary since the beginning of her creative activity. The album received positive reviews from critics, and also entered the top twenty charts of Belgium, France and Switzerland.

## Track listing

*Patricia Kaas* – Standard edition
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Adèle" | Ben Mazué | 3:07 |
| 2. | "Cogne" |  | 3:34 |
| 3. | "Madame tout le monde" |  | 2:48 |
| 4. | "Sans tes mains" | Baptiste Bender | 3:34 |
| 5. | "La Maison en bord de mer" | Lacroix | 3:35 |
| 6. | "Embrasse" | Lacroix | 3:31 |
| 7. | "Marre de mon amant" | Mirko Banovic | 3:25 |
| 8. | "Sans nous" | Mazué | 3:55 |
| 9. | "Ne l'oubliez jamais" | Davide Esposito | 4:35 |
| 10. | "Le Jour et l’Heure" | * David Verlant * Lacroix | 3:26 |
| 11. | "La Langue que je parle" | Jean-Jacques Daran | 3:08 |
| 12. | "Ma météo personnelle" | * Quarmby * Lacroix | 3:22 |
| 13. | "Ma tristesse est n’importe où" | Daran | 3:43 |
| Total length: | | | 49:00 |

*Patricia Kaas* – Deluxe edition (bonus tracks)
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14. | "Le refuge" (Bonus track) | Lacroix | 3:23 |
| 15. | "Adèle" (Version acoustique) |  | 2:26 |
| 16. | "Sans tes mains" (Version acoustique) |  | 3:08 |
| 17. | "Embrasse" (Version acoustique) |  | 2:30 |
| 18. | "Cogne" (Version acoustique) |  | 3:25 |
| 19. | "Le refuge" (Version acoustique) |  | 3:32 |

## Charts

## Certifications

Certifications for *Patricia Kaas*
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| France (SNEP) | Gold | 50,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| Patricia Kaas | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Patricia Kaas | |
| Released | 11 November 2016 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Language | French |
| Label | Warner Music France |
| Producer |  |
| Patricia Kaas chronology | |
| *Kaas chante Piaf à l'Olympia*
(2014) ***Patricia Kaas***
(2016) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Patricia Kaas* | |
| 1. "Le Jour et l'Heure"
Released: 20 June 2016 2. "Madame tout le monde"
Released: 14 September 2016 | |
|  | |


abstract: James Baxendale was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Blackpool, his only known club. He made eleven League appearances during the 1900–01 season.

text:
# James Baxendale (footballer, born pre-1900)

**James Baxendale** was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Blackpool, his only known club. He made eleven League appearances during the 1900–01 season.

## InfoBox

James Baxendale
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Position(s) | Inside Right | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1900 | Blackpool | 11 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: James Baumgart

abstract: James Baumgart is a former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and the Wisconsin State Senate. He was born in Gibson, Wisconsin, United States. He graduated from Sheboygan North High School in Sheboygan, Wisconsin before attending the University of Wisconsin-Sheboygan and the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Baumgart has served in the United States Army and has been active with the Boy Scouts of America and the Izaak Walton League. He is married and has one daughter from a previous marriage.

text:
# James Baumgart

**James Baumgart** (born December 22, 1938) is a former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and the Wisconsin State Senate.

He was born in Gibson, Wisconsin, United States. He graduated from Sheboygan North High School in Sheboygan, Wisconsin before attending the University of Wisconsin-Sheboygan and the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Baumgart has served in the United States Army and has been active with the Boy Scouts of America and the Izaak Walton League. He is married and has one daughter from a previous marriage.

## Political career

Baumgart was elected to the Senate in 1998. Previously, he had been a member of the Assembly from 1990 to 1996. He is a Democrat.

## InfoBox

| James Baumgart | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Wisconsin Senate
from the 9th district | |
| **In office**
January 1, 1999  January 1, 2003 | |
| Preceded by | Calvin Potter |
| Succeeded by | Joe Leibham |
| Member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
from the 26th district | |
| **In office**
January 7, 1991  January 4, 1999 | |
| Preceded by | Calvin Potter |
| Succeeded by | Joe Leibham |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1938-12-22) December 22, 1938
Sheboygan, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Profession | Politician |
|  | |


title: Patrick Dalzel-Job

abstract: Patrick Dalzel-Job was a British naval intelligence officer and commando in World War II. He was also an accomplished linguist, author, mariner, navigator, parachutist, diver, and skier. Dalzel-Job is widely thought to be the model for James Bond, Ian Fleming's fictional spy, 007.

text:
# Patrick Dalzel-Job

**Patrick Dalzel-Job** (1 June 1913 – 14 October 2003) was a British naval intelligence officer and commando in World War II. He was also an accomplished linguist, author, mariner, navigator, parachutist, diver, and skier.

Dalzel-Job is widely thought to be the model for James Bond, Ian Fleming's fictional spy, 007.

## Early life

Born in London, Dalzel-Job was the only son of Captain Ernest Dalzel-Job, who was killed in the Battle of the Somme in 1916. After his father's death Dalzel-Job and his mother lived in various locations, including Switzerland, and he learnt to ski and sail. They returned to the UK in 1931 where he built his own schooner, the *Mary Fortune*, which he and his mother spent the next two years sailing around the British coast.

In 1937, they sailed to Norway and spent the next two years exploring the coast. During this time Dalzel-Job became fluent in Norwegian. He and his mother took on as crew a Norwegian schoolgirl named Bjørg Bangsund from the city of Tromsø.

## WWII

On 8 December 1939, Dalzel-Job was commissioned into the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve. He served as navigating officer on a fleet tug operating from Scapa Flow between January and March 1940. From April to June, he served with the Anglo–Polish–French Expeditionary Force to Norway. He disobeyed a direct order to cease civilian evacuations from Narvik. His action saved some 5,000 Norwegians for which King Haakon of Norway awarded him the *Ridderkors* (Knight's Cross) of St. Olav in 1943. This award saved him from being court-martialled.

In June 1942, Dalzel-Job was assigned to collate information about the west coast of Norway. A few months later, Lord Louis Mountbatten, head of Combined Operations, chose him to convey commando raids there, known as "Operation VP", using eight Fairmile D motor torpedo boats.

From mid-1943 until early-1944, he served with the 12 (Special Service) Submarine Flotilla, being trained on X-Craft and *Welman* midget submarines, while taking time to complete parachute training with the Airborne Division. As prospects for major action in Norway faded, Dalzel-Job visited London and discovered 30 AU (Assault Unit) Commando, the field operative unit of the Naval Intelligence Division—Room 30. He transferred to 30 AU under Commander Ian Fleming who was then personal assistant to the Director of Naval Intelligence. In this role and promoted to lieutenant commander, he landed near Saint-Martin-de-Varreville on Utah Beach, Normandy, on D+4 with two Royal Marine Commandos allocated to him and an unrestricted authority order signed by U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower to pass through Allied lines and assault specific targets in German-held territory. He subsequently assisted in disabling the German destroyer *Z29* at Bremerhaven with full crew and taking surrender of the town of Bremen.

## Postwar

Immediately following the war, Dalzel-Job returned to England on 24 May 1945 and petitioned the Admiralty to be sent to Norway. His intent was to find Bjørg Bangsund, who had sailed with him six years earlier. In 1945 she was 19, he was 32. They wed in Oslo three weeks after he found her at Vestbane train station in Oslo. After their marriage on 26 June 1945 they returned to Edinburgh.

For a time the newly married couple lived at Onich, near Fort William, where their only child, Iain, was born. Later, the family moved to Canada, where Dalzel-Job served with the Royal Canadian Navy, and where their home was a log cabin in northern British Columbia. Returning to Scotland in 1960, they lived in Lochalsh, at Nead-An-Eoin on the shore of Outer Loch Carron. He briefly taught maths, English, and chemistry. Dalzel-Job's wife, Bjørg, died in 1986.

Their son, Iain Dalzel-Job, was to serve as a major in the 2nd Battalion, The Scots Guards and commanded G Company (7, 8, and 9 Platoons) in the assault on Mount Tumbledown during the Falklands War.

Dalzel-Job later acknowledged that Fleming had told him he was the basis for Bond, but added, "I have never read a Bond book or seen a Bond movie. They are not my style.... And I only ever loved one woman \[Bjørg\], and I'm not a drinking man." "I prefer the quiet life now," Dalzel-Job went on. "When you have led such an exciting life you don't need to see a fictional account of it."

He released his memoirs, titled *From Arctic Snow to Dust of Normandy* (ISBN 0-9519788-0-2) in 1991. It was later republished as *Arctic Snow to Dust of Normandy*.

## Works

## InfoBox

| Patrick Dalzel-Job | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1 June 1913 (1913-06)
London, England |
| Died | 14 October 2003 (2003-10-15) (aged 90)
Plockton, Scotland |
| Allegiance | UK |
| Service/branch | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve |
| Years of service | 1939–1945 |
| Rank | Lieutenant commander |
| Battles/wars | World War II |


title: Patrick Damiaens

abstract: Patrick Damiaens is a Belgian woodcarver who specialises in baroque ornamental and heraldic sculptures.

text:
# Patrick Damiaens

**Patrick Damiaens** (born 15 November 1966) is a Belgian woodcarver who specialises in baroque ornamental and heraldic sculptures.

## Biography

After studying furniture making for six years and ornamental woodcarving for four years, Damiaens started his professional career in 1989. He is a follower of the Liège-Aachen Baroque furniture style \[fr; nl; de\] which dates to the 17th century. His studio is located in Maaseik in the Belgian province of Limburg.

In 2015, he was commissioned to recreate intricate woodcarvings for prayer frames that had been stolen from Emperor Napoleon III's tomb in St Michael's Abbey in Farnborough.

In March 2015, he received the Belgian Gold Honour Badge of Labour by Royal Decree.

## Case against Zara Home

In 2017, a judge ruled that Zara Home Belgium which is part of the Spanish multinational Inditex had used one of Patrick Damiaens's heraldic wood carvings designs as inspiration for a candle they sold. They were ordered to pay damages to Damiaens for plagiarism and the candles were taken off the market.

## Recovery of stolen coat of arms

In 2016, Damiaens discovered and helped to return the stolen carving of Sir Nicholas Throckmorton's coat of arms that was taken from his tomb in St Katharine Cree by alerting Art Recovery International of his find in a Namur antique fair.

## Distinctions and awards

## Notes and references

1. "Patrick Damiaens SHA". *www.heraldic-arts.com*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
2. "Pearls of Craftsmanship Leden". *www.pearlsofcraftsmanship.com*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
3. astrokeofgenius2014 (2015-05-18). "CARVING A NICHE – PATRICK DAMIAENS, ORNAMENTAL WOODCARVER". *A Stroke of Genius*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
4. "Book Manufactum | Interview with Ornamental woodcarver Patrick Damiaens". *Issuu*. December 2014. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
5. "Flemish wood carver recreates relics stolen from English abbey | Flanders Today". *www.flanderstoday.eu*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
6. "Docent Patrick Damiaens ontvangt Gouden Medaille Eliten der Arbeid". *SYNTRA Limburg* (in Dutch). 3 January 2019. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
7. "Zara Home co-opts design by Flemish artisan | Flanders Today". *www.flanderstoday.eu*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
8. Bradshaw, Lisa (2017). "Belgian artisan wins Zara plagiarism court case". *The Bulletin*.
9. "Limburgse houtsnijder dwingt Zara op de knieën". *Het Laatste Nieuws*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
10. "Vlaamse houtsnijder dwingt modeketen Zara op de knieën". *Het Nieuwsblad Mobile* (in Flemish). 4 July 2017. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
11. Nederlandstalige Rechtbank van Koophandel Brussel Read online
12. Denzil (2017-01-05). "Belgian woodcarver discovers stolen English coat of arms". *Discovering Belgium*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
13. "The stolen 16th Century coat of arms at Coughton Court". *National Trust*. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
14. "Historic City church reunited with long-lost carving". *Diocese of London*. 2016-12-23. Retrieved 2020-05-18.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Patrick Damiaens | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1966-11-15) 15 November 1966 |
| Nationality | Belgian |
| Occupation | Woodcarver |
| Years active | 1989-today |
| Style | Baroque |
| Awards | Gold Honour Badge of Labour |
| Website | patrickdamiaens.nl |


title: Patrick Michaels

abstract: Patrick J. Michaels was an American agricultural climatologist. Michaels was a senior fellow in environmental studies at the Cato Institute until 2019. Until 2007, he was research professor of environmental sciences at the University of Virginia, where he had worked from 1980. Starting in 1991, he collaborated with Fred Singer to attack the scientific consensus on ozone depletion. He joined the Cato Institute, a libertarian think-tank. He described policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as "Obamunism". He wrote a number of books and papers denying or minimizing climate change.

text:
# Patrick Michaels

**Patrick J. Michaels** (February 15, 1950 – July 15, 2022) was an American agricultural climatologist. Michaels was a senior fellow in environmental studies at the Cato Institute until 2019. Until 2007, he was research professor of environmental sciences at the University of Virginia, where he had worked from 1980.

Starting in 1991, he collaborated with Fred Singer to attack the scientific consensus on ozone depletion. He joined the Cato Institute, a libertarian think-tank. He described policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as "Obamunism".

He wrote a number of books and papers denying or minimizing climate change.

## Early life

Born in Berwyn, Illinois, Michaels obtained an A.B. in biological science in 1971 and an S.M. in biology in 1975 from the University of Chicago, and in 1979 he obtained his Ph.D. in ecological climatology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. His doctoral thesis was titled *Atmospheric anomalies and crop yields in North America*.

In 1991 and 1992, Michaels collaborated with Fred Singer in writing articles for the *Washington Times* rejecting the scientific consensus on ozone depletion. He advanced arguments on the subject as late as 2000.

## Views on climate change

Michaels said that he does not contest the basic scientific principles behind greenhouse warming and acknowledges that the global mean temperature has increased in recent decades. He is quoted as being skeptical of global warming, and was described by Michael E. Mann as a "prominent climate change contrarian". He contends that the changes will be minor, not catastrophic, and may even be beneficial.

A 2002 article published in the journal *Climate Research* by Michaels and three other scholars predicted "a warming range of 1.3–3.0°C, with a central value of 1.9°C" over the 1990 to 2100 period, although he remarked that the "temperature range and central values determined in our study may be too great". He made the argument that the climate feedback system involving current warming trends was weaker than generally asserted, coming to a conclusion that set his views apart from that of the IPCC's estimates.

In 2009, Michaels authored a Cato report arguing that "Congress should pass no legislation restricting emissions of carbon dioxide, repeal current ethanol mandates, and inform the public about how little climate change would be prevented by proposed legislation."

In 2018, Michaels asserted on Fox News, "\[P\]robably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree \[of total warming\] might be caused by greenhouse gases." *Climate Feedback*, a fact-checking website for media coverage on climate change, wrote of Michaels' assertion, "No evidence or research is provided to support this claim, which contradicts the published scientific literature."

## Advocacy

### Expert witness for Western Fuels Association

In May 1994 Richard Lindzen, Michaels, and Robert Balling served as expert witnesses on behalf of Western Fuels Association in St. Paul, Minnesota to determine the environmental cost of coal burning by state power plants. Western Fuels Association is a consortium of coal producers that uses collective advocacy to represent industry interests.

### World Climate Report, Greening Earth Society, and Western Fuels Association

The World Climate Report, a newsletter edited by Michaels was first published by the Greening Earth Society. The society was a public relations organization associated with the Western Fuels Association (WFA), an association of coal-burning utility companies. It has been called a "front group created by the coal industry" and an "industry front". Fred Palmer, a society staffer, is a registered lobbyist for Peabody Energy, a coal company. WFA founded the group in 1997, according to an archived version of its website, "as a vehicle for advocacy on climate change, the environmental impact of CO2, and fossil fuel use."

### 2003 John Holdren

Office of Science and Technology Policy director, John Holdren, told the U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee in June 2003, "Michaels is another of the handful of U.S. climate-change contrarians … He has published little if anything of distinction in the professional literature, being noted rather for his shrill op-ed pieces and indiscriminate denunciations of virtually every finding of mainstream climate science." In 2009 Michaels responded in a *Washington Examiner* op-ed, saying that the IPCC had subverted the peer review process, and adding the IPCC had "left out plenty of peer-reviewed science that it found inconveniently disagreeable."

### IPCC

Michaels was one of hundreds of US reviewers composing the International Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group in 2007.

Although the Greening Earth Society was generally skeptical of the impact of climate change, it acknowledged some degree of global warming as real: "Fact #1. The rate of global warming during the past several decades has been about 0.18°C per decade". Note that the actual increase in the global surface temperature during the 100 years ending in 2005 was 0.74 ± 0.18 °C.

Climate scientist Tom Wigley, a lead author of parts of the report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, has stated that "Michaels' statements on the subject of computer models are a catalog of misrepresentation and misinterpretation … Many of the supposedly factual statements made in Michaels' testimony are either inaccurate or are seriously misleading."

## Funding from energy or fossil fuel companies

In 2006, a Colorado energy cooperative, the Intermountain Rural Electric Association, had given Michaels $100,000. An Associated Press report said that the donations had been made after Michaels had "told Western business leaders ... that he was running out of money for his analyses of other scientists' global warming research" and noted that the cooperative had a vested interest in opposing mandatory carbon dioxide caps, a situation that raised conflict of interest concerns.

Michaels said on CNN that 40 percent of his funding came from the oil industry. According to Fred Pearce, fossil fuel companies have helped fund Michaels' projects, including his *World Climate Report*, published every year since 1994, and his "advocacy science consulting firm", New Hope Environmental Services.

A 2005 article published by the *Seattle Times* reported that Michaels had received more than $165,000 in fuel-industry funding, including money from the coal industry, to publish his own climate journal.

## Death

Michaels died on July 15, 2022, in Washington, D.C. at age 72. He leaves behind a wife Rachel Schwartz Michaels (m-2016 - 2022)

## Selected publications

His writing has been published in major scientific journals, including *Climate Research*, *Climatic Change*, *Geophysical Research Letters*, *Journal of Climate*, *Nature*, and *Science*, as well as in popular serials such as the *Washington Post*, *Washington Times*, *Los Angeles Times*, *USA Today*, *Houston Chronicle*, and *Journal of Commerce*. He was an author of the climate "paper of the year" awarded by the Association of American Geographers in 2004.

### Books

## InfoBox

| Patrick Michaels | |
| --- | --- |
| Michaels in 2016 | |
| Born | (1950-02-15)February 15, 1950
Berwyn, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | July 15, 2022(2022-07-15) (aged 72)
Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater |  |
| Known for | Work on global warming |
| Spouse | Rachel Schwartz (m. 2010) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Climatology, ecology |
| Institutions |  |
| Thesis | *Atmospheric Anomalies and Crop Yields in North America* (1979) |
|  | |
| Website | Patrick J. Michaels, Cato Institute |


title: James Curnow

abstract: James Curnow is a composer of music for concert bands, brass bands, vocal and instrumental solos and ensembles. Curnow has also written arrangements of music pieces such as Trumpet Voluntary. He has taught at both public schools and on college and university levels.

text:
# James Curnow

**James Curnow** (born 17 April 1943) is a composer of music for concert bands, brass bands, vocal and instrumental solos and ensembles. Curnow has also written arrangements of music pieces such as Trumpet Voluntary. He has taught at both public schools and on college and university levels.

## Early life and career

James Curnow was born in Port Huron, Michigan and raised in Royal Oak, Michigan, where he received his initial musical training in the public schools and The Salvation Army Instrumental Programs in these cities. He currently lives in Nicholasville, Kentucky where he is president, composer, and educational consultant for Curnow Music Press, Inc. He also serves as Composer-in-residence (emeritus) on the faculty of Asbury University in Wilmore, Kentucky.

## Selected compositions

Source:

* 1977, *Symphonic Triptych*
* 1979, *Collage for Band*
* 1980, *Mutanza*
* 1983, *American Triptych*
* 1984, *Symphonic Variants for Euphonium and Symphonic Band*
* 1985, *Australian Variants Suite*
* 1986, *Legend and Sundance*
* 1986, *Appalachian Mountain Folk Song Suite*
* 1987, *Rejouissance Fantasia on Eine feste Burg ist unser Gott av Martin Luther*
* 1988, *Welsh Variants*
* 1992, *Silver Celebration*
* 1994, *Lochinvar*
* *The Mortal World*
* *The Undersea World*
* *Fanfare and Flourishes*
* *Fanfare and Jubiloso*
* *Fanfare for Spartacus*
* *Fanfare Prelude "O God, Our Help in Ages Past"*
* *Four Colonial Country Dances*
* *Introduction and the Humor of Boston*
* *Lord Mayor's Delight*
* *Colonial Jig*
* *Devil's Dream*
* *Freedom Road*
* *Infinity*
* *Introduction and Capriccio (for Clarinet and Band)*
* *Ode and Epinicion*
* *Odyssey*
* *Of Courage and Patriotism*
* *Olympic Fanfare and Theme*
* *Pershing's Own*
* "Prelude on a Hymn of Praise"
* "Rhapsody for Euphonium and Band"
* *Symphonic Poem for Winds and Percussion*
* *The Eagle's Flight*
* *The Music - Makers*
* *The Old Man of the Mountain*
* *The Shepherd's Farewell*
* *The Sky World*
* *Canterbury Tales*
* *The Spirit Soars*
* *To Bind the Nations Wounds*
* *Where Never Lark or Eagle Flew*
* *Nathan Hale Trilogy*

## InfoBox

| James Curnow | |
| --- | --- |
| James Curnow in Salvation Army uniform | |
| Born | (1943-04-17) April 17, 1943<br>Port Huron, Michigan, U.S. |
| Occupation | Composer |


title: James Currie (physician)

abstract: James Currie FRS was a Scottish physician, best known for his anthology and biography of Robert Burns and his medical reports on the use of water in the treatment of fever. A watercolour portrait by Horace Hone (1756–1825) is in the National Galleries of Scotland. His early attempt to set up a merchanting business in Virginia was a failure and he returned to Scotland. After qualifying as a medical doctor he established a successful practice in Liverpool, England and after a few years was able to purchase a small estate in Dumfriesshire. He became a Fellow of the London Medical Society and was a founder member of the Liverpool Literary Society. He was an early advocate of the abolition of slavery and wrote several political letters and pamphlets, including one to William Pitt, which made him a number of enemies. Throughout his life, he was dogged by illness and in 1804 he became seriously unwell. In an effort to find a cure, he relinquished his Liverpool practice and went to Bath, Clifton and finally Sidmouth, where he died on 31 August 1805 at age 49.

text:
# James Currie (physician)

**James Currie** FRS (31 May 1756 in Dumfriesshire, Scotland – 31 August 1805 in Sidmouth) was a Scottish physician, best known for his anthology and biography of Robert Burns and his medical reports on the use of water in the treatment of fever. A watercolour portrait by Horace Hone (1756–1825) is in the National Galleries of Scotland.

His early attempt to set up a merchanting business in Virginia was a failure and he returned to Scotland. After qualifying as a medical doctor he established a successful practice in Liverpool, England and after a few years was able to purchase a small estate in Dumfriesshire. He became a Fellow of the London Medical Society and was a founder member of the Liverpool Literary Society. He was an early advocate of the abolition of slavery and wrote several political letters and pamphlets, including one to William Pitt, which made him a number of enemies.

Throughout his life, he was dogged by illness and in 1804 he became seriously unwell. In an effort to find a cure, he relinquished his Liverpool practice and went to Bath, Clifton and finally Sidmouth, where he died on 31 August 1805 at age 49.

## Family and education

He was born in Kirkpatrick-Fleming, in Annandale, Dumfriesshire, a son of the minister, the Reverend James Currie, and Jane, the only daughter of Robert Boyd, of Dumfries. The Curries were an old Scottish family, descended from the Curries of Dunse, Berwickshire, and originally from the Corrie family of Annandale. James's first school was in the nearby parish of Middlebie, in Annandale, where his father had become Minister, and from age 13 he attended the grammar school in Dumfries, run by Dr George Chapman.

After a period in America, described below, he returned in 1776 to Scotland to study medicine at Edinburgh. During his first year at university he contracted rheumatic fever, a disease which recurred periodically throughout his life. He obtained his degree of M.D. in Glasgow and in 1780 settled in Liverpool, where he was appointed as one of the physicians at the infirmary.

He married Lucy Wallace in 1783, with whom he had five children. Her father was a prosperous merchant, a descendant of William Wallace, nicknamed *The Hero of Scotland* by Sir Walter Scott.

## Virginia

Attracted by the stories of prosperity in America he went in 1771 to Virginia, at that time a British colony, settling as a merchant on the James River, where he spent five hard years, much of the time ill and always in unprofitable commercial business. Trade between Britain and America suffered as a result of the dissension between the two countries and he turned his attention to politics. Under the misleading pseudonym 'An Old Man' he published a series of articles in defence of the right of the mother country to tax her colonies. He was an outspoken man, and his views were unlikely to have enhanced his business prospects.

The outbreak of the American Revolution ended any further chance of success and he sailed for home in the spring of 1776. The ship was captured by the revolutionary army. He was made to serve in the Colonial Army, but bought his freedom and made a second attempt to sail to England. He was captured again and this time he had to sail 150 miles in an open boat to gain his freedom. He reached Deptford, England, on 2 May 1777.

## Medical publications

Dr Currie used cold water treatments in the successful treatment of a contagious fever in Liverpool "and in 1797 made public his views and experiences, with a list of cures effected by his measures". This pamphlet, *Medical Reports on the Effects of Water, Cold and Warm, as a Remedy in Fevers and Other Diseases* (1797), had some influence in promoting the use of cold water affusion, and contains the first systematic record in English of clinical observations with the thermometer. A fourth edition was published in July 1805, the month before his death.

In the 1840s, there was a strong revival of interest in cold water cures, or hydropathy, following the promotion of Vincent Priessnitz's methods by Captain R. T. Claridge and others. Yet while acknowledging the contributions of Currie's predecessors, such as John Floyer, Claridge noted that "After all, the merit of settling the use of cold water on just a principle, belongs incontestably to our own countryman, Currie, whose work, published in 1797, upon the efficacy of water, may be considered the scientific base of Hydropathy".

## Anthology of Robert Burns

Currie was an admirer of Burns's poetry and met him once in Dumfries. One of his wife Lucy's relatives, Mrs Dunlop, was a close friend of the poet. Burns visited Mrs Dunlop at her home on five occasions and over a period of ten years they exchanged a great number of letters, 186 of which survive to this day. After Burns's death, Currie was entrusted with the publication of an authoritative anthology. Although inexperienced in such a task, he had many advantages, including access through Mrs Dunlop to original manuscripts of poems and letters and help from Gilbert Burns, Robert's brother, and several of Burns's friends. When *The Complete Poetical Works of Robert Burns: With Explanatory and Glossarial Notes; And a Life of the Author* was published in four volumes in 1800, it met with immediate success and second, third and fourth editions were published in 1801–3. In addition to containing revised versions of Burns' songs such as "The Battle of Sherramuir", it also contained an introductory criticism and an essay on the character and condition of the Scottish peasantry.

The work remains an authoritative source, but not without criticism. It is claimed that Currie exaggerated Burns's fondness for drink and that he deliberately misdated some of Burns's letters to Mrs Dunlop. An eighth edition, published in 1820, included an additional section *Some Further Particulars of the Author's Life* by Gilbert Burns. However, the publishers advised Gilbert not to impugn Currie's accuracy and the legend that Burns was an incurable alcoholic remained unchallenged.


title: Jamarje

abstract: Jamarje is an uninhabited settlement in Croatia.

text:
# Jamarje

**Jamarje** is an uninhabited settlement in Croatia.

## InfoBox

| Jamarje | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Jamarje | |
| Coordinates: 45°00′N 15°43′E / 45.000°N 15.717°E / 45.000; 15.717 | |
| Country | Croatia |
| Area | |
| Total | 7.9 km2 (3.1 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 0 |
| Density | 0.0/km2 (0.0/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Patrice Feussi

abstract: Patrice Emery Fongang Feussi is a Cameroonian former footballer who played as a right winger.

text:
# Patrice Feussi

**Patrice Emery Fongang Feussi** (born 3 October 1986) is a Cameroonian former footballer who played as a right winger.

## Biography

### Genoa

Born in Bafoussam, Cameroon, Feussi started his career at Italian Serie B team Genoa, which he arrived in 2000. He made his Serie B debut on 31 May 2003. He was injured in September and missed nine months.

In July 2004 he was loaned to Serie B team Salernitana along with Antonio Ghomsi. However Feussi failed to play in any games. In June 2005 he was initially loaned to Perugia along with Ghomsi and Maurizio Lanzaro. However, due to *Caso* Genoa, Genoa relegated to Serie C1 and Feussi remained. He played once for "The Griffin" in September before loaned to Perugia again on 7 September, along with Ghomsi and Rodrigue Boisfer.

### Pisa

Feussi was transferred to Serie C1 Pisa in July 2006 on free transfer. He played six times in 2006–07 Serie C1 before loaned to Pizzighettone in January 2007. He followed the team promoted to 2007–08 Serie B and played 33 Serie B games for Pisa.

### Sorrento & Lugano

After Pisa bankrupted at the end of 2008–09 Serie B, Feussi was without a club for a few months, and in November signed by *Prima Divisione* team Sorrento. However, he terminated his contract in January 2010 in order to re-join Genoa. However, he was immediately left for Swiss Challenge League club Lugano (a sister club of Genoa) on 30 January in order to exchange a non-EU registration quota for Danijel Aleksić who was signed from Serbia. Genoa also recalled Steve Pinau from Lugano in order to borrow to French. Feussi played 1+12 seasons for the Challenge League club, and released on 30 June 2011.

* Swiss Football League Profile (in French)
* Football.it Profile (in Italian)
* La Gazzetta dello Sport Profile (2007–08) (in Italian)
* Patrice Feussi at Soccerway
*

Patrice Feussi at FootballDatabase.eu

## InfoBox

Patrice Feussi
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Patrice Emery Fongang Feussi | | |
| Date of birth | (1986-10-03) 3 October 1986 | | |
| Place of birth | Bafoussam, Cameroon | | |
| Height | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Right winger | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 2000–2003 | Genoa | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2003–2006 | Genoa | 4 | (0) |
| 2004–2005 | Salernitana (loan) | 2 | (0) |
| 2005–2006 | Perugia (loan) | 16 | (0) |
| 2006–2009 | Pisa | 39 | (0) |
| 2007 | Pizzighettone (loan) | 12 | (0) |
| 2009–2010 | Sorrento | 7 | (1) |
| 2010 | Genoa | 2 | (0) |
| 2010–2011 | Lugano | 16 | (2) |
| 2012–2014 | UTA Arad | 18 | (0) |
| 2014–2015 | Târgu Mureș | 24 | (0) |
| 2015 | Dinamo București | 11 | (0) |
| 2016–2017 | Concordia Chiajna | 38 | (1) |
| International career | | | |
|  | Cameroon U-15 |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 28 April 2019 | | | |


title: Patrice Flynn

abstract: Patrice Flynn, was Bishop of Nevers.

text:
# Patrice Flynn

**Patrice Flynn** (15 August 1874 – 13 October 1970), was Bishop of Nevers.

## Biography

Born in Paris to Irish parents (his father was from County Cork, his mother a Ms. Curran from Portaferry, County Down), Flynn was schooled at Douai and taught maths in Paris. Both he and his older brother Henri were ordained in Paris.

Serving in the French army during World War I, "he spent two years as a hospital attendant before volunteering as chaplain to the 33rd Infantry Division that was fighting at the front. He served at a number of the places whose name has entered the collective memory and is intimately associated with the worst of the war – Verdun, Arras, Vimy Ridge and Ypres. He attained the rank of captain before being demobilised in March 1919."

In October 1916, Flynn was a member of a French government propaganda mission to Ireland in order to counteract perceived 'hearts and minds' German propaganda (other missions went to Canada, Spain, the USA).

Appointed Bishop of Nevers on 16 August 1932 in Notre Dame Cathedral, it was "attended by Count O’Kelly, the Irish envoy to France \[and\] many Irish people who lived in the city, as well as priests from the Irish College in Paris. The Irish expatriate community gathered funds to buy vestments for the new bishop, to which two shamrocks were added to represent his Irish heritage." During his episcopate he brought a number of Irish priests to his diocese, and in 1940 brought the Legion of Mary to France with the aid of Veronica O'Brien.

He retired on 17 December 1963, becoming the titular Bishop of Arneae. He died in 1970.


title: Pink Ocean

abstract: Pink Ocean is the third extended play (EP) by South Korean girl group Oh My Girl. It was released by WM Entertainment on March 28, 2016 and distributed by LOEN Entertainment. The album contains five songs, including the singles "Step by Step" and "Liar Liar". Oh My Girl promoted the album with a series of televised live performances on South Korea's music shows. A reissue titled Windy Day, featuring the single of the same name, was released on May 26, 2016.

text:
# Pink Ocean

***Pink Ocean*** is the third extended play (EP) by South Korean girl group Oh My Girl. It was released by WM Entertainment on March 28, 2016 and distributed by LOEN Entertainment. The album contains five songs, including the singles "Step by Step" and "Liar Liar". Oh My Girl promoted the album with a series of televised live performances on South Korea's music shows.

A reissue titled *Windy Day*, featuring the single of the same name, was released on May 26, 2016.

## Background and release

Promotion for Oh My Girl's second EP, *Closer*, ended in November 2015, and the group began preparing for their next album soon afterwards. On December 9, they flew to Los Angeles for the album cover photoshoot and a promotional event. However, they were denied entry by customs officials because they did not disclose the true purpose of their trip and tried to enter the US as tourists under the visa waiver program, rather than obtaining the required performance visas.

On March 17, 2016, WM Entertainment announced that Oh My Girl would be releasing their third EP (also called a mini album). "Step by Step" was pre-released on March 21, and the album's title, *Pink Ocean*, and track list were revealed the next day. The album was released the following week on March 28, in both CD and digital format. A music video for lead single "Liar Liar" was released that same day.

On May 18, WM Entertainment announced that the album would be re-released on May 26 with three new tracks: "Windy Day", "Stupid in Love", and a Chinese version of "Liar Liar".

## Production and composition

The music for "B612" was co-written by North American songwriters Sean Alexander and Darren Smith, who co-wrote Girls' Generation's "Lion Heart", as well as many of Oh My Girl's previous songs. Swedish songwriter and guitarist Andreas Öberg co-wrote "B612" and "Knock Knock" and English songwriter David Anthony co-wrote "Liar Liar" and "I Found Love". Seo Ji-eum of Jam Factory wrote the Korean lyrics for the first three songs on the album, and Oh My Girl member Mimi wrote the rap lyrics, with the rap in "Liar Liar" being inspired by Pinocchio. "Step by Step" was written by Jung Jin-young, a member of WM Entertainment's boy band B1A4.

"Liar Liar" is a dance-pop song with a hip hop drum beat. In the lyrics, the narrator is a girl who has a secret crush on a guy, but feels like she is "somewhere in between a dream and reality" because she is uncertain that her affection is returned. "B612" is a mid-tempo acoustic ballad inspired by *The Little Prince*—the prince's home planet is Asteroid B-612, and the song's lyrics compare the narrator and her crush to the rose and the prince. "I Found Love" is an R&B song with a strong drum rhythm, and is about a girl attending school and falling in love. "Knock Knock" is a retro-pop song about friendship. "Step by Step" was described as having a "dreamy" atmosphere and has rock-style rhythm with string instrumentation.

The vividly-colored music video for "Liar Liar" was produced by Digipedi and highlights the contrast between dreams and reality. In the story line, the girls are all in love with the same guy, but are hiding it from each other. It includes scenes shot underwater, a first for the group. In the dance version music video, they wear shoes that resemble roller skates.

The lead single of the album reissue, "Windy Day", is a folk-pop song composed by Öberg and Swedish producer Maria Marcus. It features vocal harmonies, acoustic guitar, and Middle Eastern-inspired horns. The lyrics, written by Seo and Mimi, express the complicated emotions of a girl's heart. The accompanying music video was filmed in Jeju Island in various outdoor settings, including a hedge maze and a forest. Like the music video for "Closer", it has a fairy tale and fantasy-inspired theme.

## Promotion

On March 28, Oh My Girl held a comeback showcase at the Lotte Card Center in the Mecenatpolis Mall, Hapjeong-dong, Seoul. They performed songs from the album for the first time at the showcase. The group then promoted the album with performances of "Liar Liar" on various music shows, starting with *M! Countdown* on March 31. After the pre-recording for *Show! Music Core* on April 16, member Seunghee fainted and was hospitalized. Doctors determined she had hyperventilated due to stress, and she took a few days off to rest, before resuming activities with the group on April 21. On May 5, they began performing "Step by Step" on music shows. They concluded promotions for the album on May 8 with a final performance on *Inkigayo*. On May 26, promotion for the album reissue began with a performance of "Windy Day" on *M! Countdown*.

## Reception

### *Pink Ocean*

*Pink Ocean* entered the weekly Gaon Album Chart at number 5, selling 6,482 physical copies in three days. "Liar Liar" was number 58 on the Gaon Digital Chart for the week of March 27, and "Step by Step" was number 79 the previous week. "Liar Liar" also charted at number 9 on the *Billboard* World Digital Songs chart.

Jeff Benjamin of Fuse, who previously identified Oh My Girl as one of the best rookie acts of 2015, said "Liar Liar" was a unique blend of an "adorable aesthetic" and a "sassy attitude". He noted the song's "punchy" pop production and "addictive" hook, and identified "Knock Knock" and "Step by Step" as the album's standouts. He also praised Oh My Girl's stage performance and intricate choreography. *Dazed* magazine's Taylor Glasby ranked "Liar Liar" number 7 in Dazed's "The 20 best K-Pop tracks of the year", describing "Liar Liar" as an upbeat falsetto powerhouse that was skillfully connected with the music video.

### *Windy Day*

*Windy Day* entered the Gaon Album Chart at number 4, selling 10,574 units in six days, while the song of the same name charted at number 62 on the digital chart.

In June, Benjamin included "Windy Day" in Fuse's list of "The 13 Best Girl Group Songs of 2016 (So Far)", calling it one of the most unexpected girl group releases in 2016. *Billboard* magazine's Tamar Herman called "Windy Day" experimental and quirky, and said it showcased the members youthful vocals.

## Track listing

### *Pink Ocean*

– South Korea standard edition
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Liar Liar" |  | * David Anthony * Sophie White * Joe Killington | Anthony | 3:14 |
| 2. | "B612" | * Seo * Mimi |  | * Öberg * Smith * Avenue 52 | 4:06 |
| 3. | "I Found Love" | * Seo * Mimi | * Anthony * White * Phoebe Brown | Anthony | 3:34 |
| 4. | "Knock Knock" | 72 | * Öberg * Pär Almqvist * August Vinberg | * Almqvist * Vinberg | 3:37 |
| 5. | "Step by Step" (Korean: 한 발짝 두 발짝; RR: *Han Baljjak Du Baljjak*; lit. "One Step Two Steps") | Jung Jin-young | Jung Jin-young |  | 3:43 |
| Total length: | | | | | 18:14 |

– International standard edition
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 6. | "Liar Liar" (Chinese version) | * Seo * Mimi * Tina Wang * Bang Soo-kyung | * Anthony * White * Killington | Anthony | 3:14 |
| Total length: | | | | | 21:28 |

### Windy Day

| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Windy Day" | * Seo Ji-eum * Mimi | * Maria Marcus * Andreas Öberg | Marcus | 4:09 |
| 2. | "Stupid in Love" | Junebug | * Darren "Baby Dee Beats" Smith * Evan Haymond * Tammy Infusino | Smith | 3:37 |
| 3. | "Liar Liar" (Korean version) | * Seo * Mimi | * David Anthony * Sophie White * Joe Killington | Anthony | 3:14 |
| 4. | "B612" | * Seo * Mimi | * Öberg * Xin Xin Gao * Smith * Sean Alexander | * Öberg * Smith * Avenue 52 | 4:06 |
| 5. | "I Found Love" | * Seo * Mimi | * Anthony * White * Phoebe Brown | Anthony | 3:34 |
| 6. | "Knock Knock" | 72 | * Öberg * Pär Almqvist * August Vinberg | * Almqvist * Vinberg | 3:37 |
| 7. | "Step by Step" (한 발짝 두 발짝) | Jung Jin-young | Jung Jin-young | * Jung Jin-young * Command Freaks | 3:43 |
| 8. | "Liar Liar" (Chinese version) | * Seo * Mimi * Tina Wang * Bang Soo-kyung | * Anthony * White * Killington | Anthony | 3:14 |
| Total length: | | | | | 29:14 |

## Personnel

Credits adapted from EP liner notes.

### *Pink Ocean*

**Locations**

* Recorded at Doobdoob Studio ("Liar Liar", "Step by Step")
* Recorded at W Sound ("B612", I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Edited at Doobdoob Studio ("B612", "I Found Love")
* Mixed at W Sound ("B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Mixed at Bono Studio ("I Found Love")
* Mastered at JFS Mastering

**Personnel**

* Oh My Girl – vocals, background vocals (on "Liar Liar", "Step by Step")
* WM Entertainment Inc. – executive producer
* Lee Won-min – producer
* Kim Jin-mi – executive director
* Moon Jung-kyu – music producer
* 72 – music producer
* Maxx Song – vocal director, recording engineer
* Jo Joon-seong – mixing engineer
* Go Seung-wook – mixing engineer
* Kwon Nam-woo – mastering engineer
* Soulme – choreography director
* Digipedi – music video director
* Jo Dae-young – art direction and design
* AHMI – art direction and design
* Choi Dae-young – photographer
* David Anthony – guitar, bass guitar, drum programming (on "Liar Liar", "I Found Love")
* Maxx Song – vocal director (on "Liar Liar", "Step by Step"), guitar, recording engineer (on "Step by Step")
* Lee Ji-hong – digital editor (on "Liar Liar", "I Found Love", "Step by Step")
* Heo Eun-sook – digital editor (on "B612", "Knock Knock"), mix assistant (on "Liar Liar", B612", "Knock Knock", "Step by Step")
* Choi Ja-yeon – mix assistant (on "Liar Liar", "B612", "Step by Step"), recording engineer (on "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Jo Joon-seong – mix engineer (on "Liar Liar", "B612", "Step by Step")
* Kwon Nam-woo – mastering engineer (on "Liar Liar", "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock", "Step by Step")
* Darren Smith – keyboard, bass guitar, drum programming (on "B612")
* Andreas Öberg – keyboard (on "B612"), guitar (on "B612", "Knock Knock"), bass guitar (on "B612", "Knock Knock")
* Park Eun-woo – background vocals (on "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* 72 – vocal director (on "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Moon Jung-kyu – vocal director (on "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Seon Yeong – mix assistant (on "I Found Love")
* Go Seung-wook – mix engineer (on "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Pär Almqvist – keyboard, drum programming (on "Knock Knock")
* August Vinberg – keyboard, drum programming (on "Knock Knock")
* Ahn Sung-chan – keyboard (on "Step by Step")
* Pae Su-jung – background vocals (on "Step by Step")

### *Windy Day*

**Locations**

* Recorded at Doobdoob Studio ("Windy Day", "Stupid in Love", "Liar Liar", "Step by Step", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Recorded at W Sound ("Windy Day", "B612", I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Edited at Doobdoob Studio ("Windy Day", "B612", "I Found Love")
* Mixed at W Sound ("Windy Day", "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Mixed at Bono Studio ("Stupid in Love", "I Found Love")
* Mastered at JFS Mastering

**Personnel**

* Oh My Girl – vocals, background vocals (on "Liar Liar", "Step by Step")
* WM Entertainment Inc. – executive producer
* Lee Won-min – producer
* Kim Jin-mi – executive director
* Moon Jung-kyu – music producer
* 72 – music producer
* Maxx Song – recording engineer
* Chang Woo-young – recording engineer
* Lee Ji-hong – recording engineer
* Heo Eun-sook – recording engineer
* Choi Ja-yeon – recording engineer
* Jo Joon-seong – mixing engineer
* Kwon Nam-woo – mastering engineer
* Soulme – choreography director
* Digipedi – music video director
* Jo Dae-young – art direction and design
* AHMI – art direction and design
* JDZ Chung – photographer
* Maria Marcus – keyboard (on "Windy Day", "B612"), guitar (on "B612", "Knock Knock"), bass guitar (on "B612", "Knock Knock"), drum programming (on "Windy Day")
* Andreas Öberg – guitar, bass guitar (on "Windy Day")
* Hyun Seunghee (Oh My Girl) – background vocals (on "Windy Day", "Stupid in Love", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Sinnara – background vocals (on "Windy Day")
* Park Eun-woo – background vocals (on "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Pea Su-jung – background vocals (on "Step by Step")
* Maxx Song – vocal director (on "Windy Day", "Liar Liar", "Step by Step", recording engineer (on "Windy Day", "Step by Step"), digital editor (on "Windy Day"), guitar (on "Step by Step")
* Lee Ji-hong – digital editor (on "Windy Day", "Stupid in Love", "Liar Liar", "I Found Love", "Step by Step", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)"), recording engineer (on "Stupid In Love", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Heo Eun-sook – digital editor (on "B612", "Knock Knock"), mix assistant (on "Windy Day", "Liar Liar", "B612", "Knock Knock", "Step by Step", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Choi Ja-yeon – mix assistant (on "Windy Day", "Liar Liar", "B612", "Step by Step", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)"), recording engineer (on "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Jo Joon-seong – mixing engineer (on "Windy Day", "Liar Liar", "B612", "Step by Step", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Kwon Nam-woo – mastering engineer (on "Windy Day", "Stupid in Love", "Liar Liar", "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock", "Step by Step", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Darren Smith – keyboard, bass guitar, drum programming (on "Stupid in Love", "B612")
* Pär Almqvist – keyboard, drum programming (on "Knock Knock")
* August Vinberg – keyboard, drum programming (on "Knock Knock")
* Ahn Sung-chan - keyboard (on "Step by Step")
* Evan Haymond – guitar (on "Stupid In Love")
* 72 – vocal director (on "Stupid In Love", "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Moon Jung-kyu – vocal director (on "Stupid In Love", "B612", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* Chang Woo-young – recording engineer (on "Stupid In Love", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)"), digital editor (on "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* Seon Yeong – mix assistant (on "Stupid In Love", "I Found Love")
* Go Seung-wook – mixing engineer (on "Stupid In Love", "I Found Love", "Knock Knock")
* David Anthony – guitar, bass guitar, drum programming (on "Liar Liar", "I Found Love", "Liar Liar (Chinese version)"), keyboard (on "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")
* T.M – background vocals, vocal director (on "Liar Liar (Chinese version)")

## Charts

### *Pink Ocean*

| Chart (2016) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| South Korean Albums (Gaon) | 5 |

### *Windy Day*

| Chart (2016) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| South Korean Albums (Gaon) | 4 |

## Release history

| Album | Date | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Pink Ocean* | March 28, 2016 | CD, digital download | WM Entertainment, LOEN Entertainment (distributor) |
| *Windy Day* | May 26, 2016 | Digital download | |
| | May 31, 2016 | CD | |

1. "Detained K-pop girl band returns to Korea". *The Korea Times*. December 11, 2015. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
2. "B1A4 sister group, Oh My Girl, detained in LA airport". *K-Pop Herald*. December 10, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
3. Kim, Victoria (December 12, 2015). "K-pop group was turned away at LAX for lying about reason for visiting U.S., official says". *Los Angeles Times*. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
4. "Oh My Girl to return with third EP". Yonhap News Agency. March 17, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
5. Ahn, Woorim (March 21, 2016). "Oh My Girl Unveils Its Pre-release Song". *BNT News*. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
6. Yun, Bae Jung (March 22, 2016). "OH MY GIRL to Drop Its Group Teaser Image". *BNT News*. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
7. Yoon So-won (March 23, 2016). "오마이걸, 팬 위한 깜짝 선물 '스타일링 카드&시크릿 영상'". *TV Daily* (in Korean). Retrieved May 8, 2016.
8. "Pink Ocean – EP by OH MY GIRL on iTunes". iTunes. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
9. Park Se-jin (March 28, 2016). "\[AJU VIDEO\] Oh my Girl drops new MV for track "Liar Liar"". *Aju Business Daily*. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
10. Yoon Seong-yeol (May 18, 2016). "\[단독\]오마이걸, 후속 활동 확정..3세대 걸그룹 대전 합류". *Star News* (in Korean). Retrieved May 18, 2016.
11. Park Ju-Yeon (May 19, 2016). "OH MY GIRL coming back on 26th". *StarN News*. Retrieved May 22, 2016.
12. "Pink Ocean" (in Korean). Melon. LOEN Entertainment. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
13. Yun, Bae Jung (March 28, 2016). "Oh My Girl's New Music Video Was Unveiled". *BNT News*. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
14. Lee Ji-young (April 28, 2016). "New Girl Group MIXX to Debut in May". *enewsWorld*. CJ E&M. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
15. Benjamin, Jeff (April 7, 2016). "Oh My Girl Discuss 'Liar Liar,' New Music & Love for Beyoncé". *Fuse*. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
16. Herman, Tamar (June 2, 2016). "K-Pop Rookie Groups Return for Summer". *Billboard*. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
17. Ahn, Woorim (May 24, 2016). "OH MY GIRL Changes to Fairies". *BNT News*. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
18. Min, Susan (May 26, 2016). "\[Video\] Oh My Girl Surprises Fans with 'Windy Day' MV". *enewsWorld*. CJ E&M. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
19. Hea Jung Min (March 28, 2016). "\[Photo\] Oh My Girl Makes Colorful Comeback with ′Liar Liar′". *enewsWorld*. CJ E&M. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
20. Kim Dong-Joo (March 31, 2016). "OH MY GIRL presents a lovely performance on 'M! Countdown'". *StarN News*. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
21. Seon Mi-gyeong (April 20, 2016). "오마이걸 측 "과호흡증후군 승희, 21일 '엠카'로 활동 복귀..의지 강해"" (in Korean). OSEN. Naver News. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
22. "OH MY GIRL – One Step Two Steps M COUNTDOWN 160505". YouTube. May 5, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
23. Min, Susan (May 10, 2016). "Oh My Girl Completes 'Pink Ocean' Promotions". *enewsWorld*. CJ E&M. Retrieved May 10, 2016.
24. "2016년 14주차 Album Chart". Gaon Chart. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
25. "2016년 03월 Album Chart". Gaon Chart. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
26. "2016년 14주차 Digital Chart". Gaon Chart. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
27. "2016년 13주차 Digital Chart". Gaon Chart. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
28. "Billboard Chart Search (Oh My Girl)". *Billboard*. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
29. Benjamin, Jeff (March 28, 2016). "Oh My Girl Returns With Cute, Sassy 'Liar Liar' Video". *Fuse*. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
30. Glasby, Taylor (December 13, 2016). "The 20 best K-Pop tracks of the year". *Dazed*. Retrieved December 25, 2016.
31. "2016년 23주차 Album Chart". Gaon Chart. Archived from the original on June 25, 2016. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
32. "2016년 05월 Album Chart". Gaon Chart. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
33. "2016년 22주차 Digital Chart". Gaon Chart. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
34. Benjamin, Jeff (May 31, 2016). "The 13 Best Girl Group Songs of 2016 (So Far)". *Fuse*. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
35. Dorof, Jakob. "007. OH MY GIRL // CLOSER". K-Pendium. Archived from the original on May 14, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
36. "Pink Ocean - EP by OH MY GIRL on Apple Music". *iTunes*. Retrieved March 25, 2019.

## InfoBox

| Pink Ocean | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Oh My Girl | |
| Released | March 28, 2016 (2016-03-28) |
| Studio | * Doobdoob * W Sound |
| Genre | K-pop |
| Length | 18:14 |
| Language | Korean |
| Label | WM |
| Producer | * Lee Won-min * 72 * Moon Jung-kyu |
| Oh My Girl chronology | |
| *Closer*
(2015) ***Pink Ocean***
(2016) *Listen to My Word*
(2016) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Pink Ocean* | |
| 1. "Step by Step"
Released: March 21, 2016 2. "Liar Liar"
Released: March 28, 2016 | |
| *Windy Day* reissue cover | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: John H. MacMillan Sr.

abstract: John Hugh MacMillan Sr. was an American businessman, president of Cargill from 1909 to 1936.

text:
# John H. MacMillan Sr.

**John Hugh MacMillan Sr.** (August 11, 1869 – October 20, 1944) was an American businessman, president of Cargill from 1909 to 1936.

## Early life

John Hugh MacMillan was born in La Crosse, Wisconsin, the son of Duncan McMillan, a director of the State Bank of La Crosse, and Mary Jane McCrea. His father's grand house was opposite a similarly grand house owned by William Wallace Cargill, and the offspring of both families played together as children.

## Career

At age 15, MacMillan started work at the State Bank of La Crosse, where his father was a director.

On the death of his father-in-law, he took over the leadership of Cargill. Following a heart attack, his son, John H. MacMillan Jr. took over as president in 1936, and remained in post until his death in 1960.

## Personal life

He married Edna Clara Cargill (1871–1963), the daughter of William Wallace Cargill, the founder of Cargill, and they had two sons, each of whom inherited one-third of Cargill:

## Later life

He died on October 20, 1944. Both he and his wife are buried at Oak Grove Cemetery, La Crosse, Wisconsin.

## InfoBox

| John H. MacMillan Sr. | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | August 11, 1869
La Crosse, Wisconsin, US |
| Died | October 20, 1944 (aged 75) |
| Resting place | Oak Grove Cemetery, La Crosse, Wisconsin |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Businessman |
| Title | President of Cargill |
| Term | 1909-1936 |
| Predecessor | William Wallace Cargill |
| Successor | John H. MacMillan Jr. |
| Spouse | Edna Clara Cargill |
| Children | Cargill MacMillan
John H. MacMillan Jr. |


title: Pietro Giordani

abstract: Pietro Giordani was an Italian writer, classical literary scholar, and a close friend of, and influence on, Giacomo Leopardi.

text:
# Pietro Giordani

**Pietro Giordani** (January 1, 1774 – September 2, 1848) was an Italian writer, classical literary scholar, and a close friend of, and influence on, Giacomo Leopardi.

## Biography

Born in Piacenza, Giordani originally set out to become a monk. But after having entered into the Benedictine convent of Saint Sixtus at Piacenza in 1797, he eventually changed his mind and abandoned the clerical vocation in favor of his only real love, literature. He looked with extreme favor upon Napoleon Bonaparte and the Napoleonic regime in Italy and, in 1807, he wrote a *Panegyric on the Sacred Majesty of Napoleon*. The following year he obtained the post of proto-secretary of the Academy of Fine Arts in Bologna which, however, he had to abandon in 1815: with the beginning of the Restoration he became highly suspect for his liberal, republican ideals.

In 1816, he began his legendary epistolary exchange with Giacomo Leopardi to whom he eventually paid a visit in 1818, accompanying him, during his first travels outside of the small village of Recanati, to Macerata. He continued visiting him frequently during the following years. Giordani encouraged and helped foster the intellectual development and the further acquisition of knowledge that led to Leopardi's eventual greatness by exposing him to different cultural environments which included the most important groups of writers and intellectuals of the times. They shared a deep and lasting affection and esteem for each other. So much so, that Leopardi once described Giordani as his "dear and beneficent paternal image."

The inheritance left to him by his father in 1817 assured Giordani's economic independence and, as a consequence, also ensured him a great deal of intellectual independence. He traveled a great deal and settled, at various times, in Piacenza, Bologna and, finally, in Milan, where he became an editor, along with Vincenzo Monti, Giuseppe Acerbi and the geologist Scipione Breislak, of the classicist magazine *La Biblioteca Italiana*. He felt compelled to leave this position, however, because of an increasing atmosphere of political conflict and antagonism with Giuseppe Acerbi who held firmly Austro-Hungarian sympathies. In Florence, he began subscribing to the liberal magazine *Antologia* run by Giovan Pietro Vieusseux. In the year 1825, he managed to get published, in this magazine, a letter to the Marchese Gino Capponi in which he proposed the idea of editing and publishing a collection (*Scelta de' Prosatori Italiani*) of all the works of the most important writers in Italian history, from Dante to contemporary writers of the time (including Leopardi), in volumes which did not cost more than 24 scudos. Nonetheless, he always maintained a detached and somewhat indifferent attitude toward this magazine because it propounded a vision of a radical renewal of the functions of the intellectual in public life along purely materialistic and commercial lines; the intellectual was to be viewed as a sort of merchant of ideas and an integral, organic part of the process of economic and material rationalization of society and culture along market-lines. Giordani rejected this vision of a market of letters, preferring to stick to his lofty Aristotelean conception of the contemplative and austere poet.

After the suppression of the uprisings of 1821, there followed a period of retrenchment. Intellectuals generally abandoned the prospect of revolution in favor of a more moderate, reformist program, and the center of progressive culture moved away from Milan to Florence, and from the magazine *Il Conciliatiore* to *Antologia*. The uprisings of 1831 would find the intellectuals absent altogether and even Giordani, as a consequence, found himself something of an outcast in Italian society.

In his final years, he lived in Parma, where he was incarcerated for three months in 1834 and where he died in 1848, ironically enough, precisely during the period of the (provisional) success of the anti-Austrian uprisings.

## Works

* *Description of the Bonaparte Forum*, 1806.
* *On the Poetic Style of the Marchese of Montrone*, 1807.
* *Panegyric on the Sacred Majesty of Napoleon*, 1807.
* *Panegyric to Antonio Canova*, 1810.
* *On the Life and Work of Cardinal Sforza Pallavicino*, 1810.
* *On a Painting of cav. Landi and one of cav. Camuccini*, 1811.
* *For the Three Legations Reacquired by the Pope*, 1815.
* *The Halicarnasus of Mai*, 1816.
* *On Three Poems Painted a Fresco*, 1832.
* *Preamble to the Third Volume of the Operas of Giacomo Leopardi*, 1845.

## The Debate Between Classicism and Romanticism

On 1 January 1816, in the first issue of "La Biblioteca Italiana", Giordani published his own translation of an article of Madame de Staël with the title *On the Manner and Utility of Translations*, in which de Stael invited Italians to abandon the isolationism and provincialism of their native literary traditions, to abandon their continued reference to a worn and anachronistic mythology in order to move closer to modern foreign literature. This was felt to be a powerful and provocative accusation of backwardness by literate Italians, who were portrayed as a bunch of erudites who, in the words of de Stael, went around "continually rummaging in the ancient ashes, in order to find perhaps some grain of gold."

*"An Italian" responds to De Stael* was the title of the article in which Giordani, in the April edition of the magazine, formulated a strong rejection of de Stael's invitation. What possible help could a bunch of foreign authors offer to the resolution of the most urgent task of any literary Italian, which is, of course, the return to linguistic purity?, asked Giordani. De Stael's article offered him the opportunity to state the fundamental principle of classicism: the existence of a form of perfection in art which, once attained, could only be either lost in decadence or reattained by going back to the perfect works which had already been realized and discovering what it is in them that makes them the most outstanding creations and expressions of the human imagination and creative skill. Italian writers had already been imitating classical poets for centuries and the imitation of modern foreign writers would have resulted in the obfuscation of the Italianity of Italian literary expression.

"The sciences are capable of infinite progress and are able to find new truths every day which had been previously unknown", wrote Giordani. " But the progress of the arts is finished when they have found the beautiful and learned how to express it."

Perfection, for Giordani, was reached by the Greek and Latin writers and, later, by the Italians. He admitted that there are many tastes, but believed that these tastes are all conformable to the different characters of the various populations and cultures of the world. And it is precisely for this reason that Italian taste, offspring of Greco-Roman taste, is completely extraneous to that of, e.g., the English or the Germans.

"One can dispute endlessly about whether or not all of that which people admire in English and German poetry is truly beautiful; or if much of it is not, rather false and exaggerated and therefore ugly. But let's suppose that all of it is beautiful; it does not follow that all of it will be beautiful to *us* Italians, if we mix it in with other things of our own. It is necessary to either cease being Italians, forget our own language, our history, transform our climate and our imagination, or, maintaining these things unchanged, accept that our poetry and our literature must be maintained Italian; but it cannot remain Italian if it is mixed with those northern ideas which have nothing in common and are incompatible with ours....I am not saying that an Italian cannot reasonably desire to learn the poetry and the literature of the northerners, as he can easily do by personally visiting those countries; But I deny that those literatures (beautiful and laudable to those who belong to those countries) can enrich and embellish ours because they are essentially incompatible. It is one thing to go to Japan out of curiosity in order to see almost a different world from ours. It is another thing to come back from there and desire to live like a Japanese among Italians.....Italians should study their own classics, the Latin and Greek writers....."

All of these ideas were later to exercise a profound influence over Leopardi, who, notwithstanding his romanticism in style and tone, was, at heart, a deeply committed classicist in holding (and in stating in many parts of the Zibaldone and elsewhere) that the arts, and indeed humanity itself, had systematically degenerated from a high-point in the Greco-Roman past to a point in the modern scientific world in which true beauty was no longer attainable because of the death of the primitive illusions associated with a natural, non-scientific and non-technological world.

A year later, however, Giordani would read for the first time the tragedies of Shakespeare and end up powerfully impressed. He wrote: "I am reading the works of Shakespeare, which appears to me to be a new world of drama and, like in any new world, I am finding all sorts of things: enormous beauty and substantial misery. But it must be confessed that his delightful creations are great and new." And, in contradiction to his many previous affirmations in writings, he added, "I think these works would be of enormous profit to Italian poets.!!"

## Conclusions

In his writings, Pietro Giordani demonstrated a strict adherence to linguistic classicism, to an eloquence balanced and controlled in form. His rhetoric is rarely hollow or empty; there is rigor, participation in cultural and educational problems; there is strong argument against prejudice and obscurantism; there is an aggressive but not thoughtless or banal anti-clericalism; there is an invitation to participate in and comprehend one's own times through the study of history and economics. For this reason, the idea of literature in Giordani, in spite of the common classicist roots, is very different from that of Monti: the literary enterprise must consist in the affirmation of virtue, the search for truth, and civil education. Poetry must not be an otiose pastime, science must be studied before Latin, teaching must integrate both manual and intellectual work, the study of contemporary history must come before that of antiquity.

In him, faith in the happiness of humanity, once liberated from prejudices and oppression, alternates with a desolate vision of inevitable human unhappiness without conceding anything to transcendental illusions. This vision solicited Leopardi toward the necessity of dedicating himself to the practical, if not theoretical, *overcoming* of pessimism, to not letting himself be dominated by a philosophy that inhibits the will.

There is, in Giordani, a contradiction between rhetorical education and the urgence of renewal, as there is in his conviction that the only way to achieve cultural progress in Italian society is through finding a stimulus in the lessons of the ancients. But it was the contradiction of Italian history itself that was expressed in him: not finding any elements of progress within an economically backward and social stagnant society, he alluded himself that the indisputable value of Italian literary tradition could be, in and of itself, a progressive factor. This explains perhaps a certain restrictedness of horizons and a provincialism which was never overcome.

He himself seems to have been conscious of a certain insuffiency of his work with respect to his capabilities and intellect when he wrote: "If they wish to put a stone over these poor bones, I recommend that they write: Pietro Giordani was never known."

## Bibliography

* Giordani, Pietro. *Lettere*, SI, 1937.
* Idem. *Scritti Scelti*, Sansoni, Florence, 1961.
* AA. VV., *Pietro Giordani in the Second Century after his Birth.* CRP, Piacenza, 1974.
* Cecioni, Gabriele (1977). *Lingua e Cultura nel Pensiero di Pietro Giordani*. Roma: Bulzoni.
* Melosi, Laura (2002). *In toga e in camicia. Scritti e carteggi di Pietro Giordani*. Lucca: Maria Pacini Fazzi ed.
* Camilletti, Fabio (2017). "Toward an Archaeology of Italian Modernity: Rethinking the Classicist/Romantic Quarrel". In Gabriella Romani; Jennifer Burns (eds.). *The Formation of a National Audience in Italy, 1750-1890: Readers and Spectators of Italian Culture*. Madison and Teaneck, New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.

## InfoBox

| Pietro Giordani | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Born | 1 January 1774
Piacenza, Duchy of Parma and Piacenza |
| Died | 2 September 1848  (aged 74)
Parma, Duchy of Parma and Piacenza |
| Occupation | Writer, art historian |
| Movement | Neoclassicism |


title: Pinxton South railway station

abstract:
Pinxton South railway station was a former railway station that served Pinxton, Derbyshire; the station site lies within the parish of Selston, Nottinghamshire. It was opened by the Great Northern Railway as "Pinxton" on its Derbyshire Extension in 1875-6 In some timetables it was listed as "Pinxton for South Normanton". It was renamed "Pinxton South" in January 1954. Pinxton (South) station closed in January 1963 with the withdrawal of all regular passenger services beyond Awsworth Junction. At the time of this withdrawal Awsworth Junction signal box moved from 24 to 8 hour opening with the remaining Pinxton branch freight traffic being confined to 'morning shift' working. It retained the South suffix to the end although the nearby Midland Railway Pinxton & Selston station situated on the Pye Bridge to Kirkby-in-Ashfield line had closed to all regular passenger services many years earlier.
It was the 'Friargate' line itself that closed in to all regular passenger services in September 1964 although this remained open for freight traffic throughout for a few more years.

text:
# Pinxton South railway station

**Pinxton South railway station** was a former railway station that served Pinxton, Derbyshire; the station site lies within the parish of Selston, Nottinghamshire. It was opened by the Great Northern Railway (Great Britain) as "Pinxton" on its Derbyshire Extension in 1875-6 In some timetables it was listed as "Pinxton for South Normanton". It was renamed "Pinxton South" in January 1954.

Pinxton (South) station closed in January 1963 with the withdrawal of all regular passenger services beyond Awsworth Junction. At the time of this withdrawal Awsworth Junction signal box moved from 24 to 8 hour opening with the remaining Pinxton branch freight traffic being confined to 'morning shift' working. It retained the South suffix to the end although the nearby Midland Railway Pinxton & Selston station situated on the Pye Bridge to Kirkby-in-Ashfield line had closed to all regular passenger services many years earlier. It was the 'Friargate' line itself that closed in to all regular passenger services in September 1964 although this remained open for freight traffic throughout for a few more years.

## Route

| Preceding station |  | Disused railways |  | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pye Hill and Somercotes |  | Great Northern Railway
GNR Derbyshire and Staffordshire Extension
Pinxton Branch |  | *Terminus* |

53°05′04″N 1°19′21″W / 53.0844°N 1.3226°W / 53.0844; -1.3226

## InfoBox

| Pinxton South | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Location | Selston, Ashfield
England |
| Other information | |
| Status | Disused |
| History | |
| Original company | Great Northern Railway |
| Post-grouping | London and North Eastern Railway |
| Key dates | |
| 1 August 1876 | Station opens as Pinxton
(Pinxton for South Normanton in some timetables) |
| January 1954 | renamed Pinxton South |
| 7 January 1963 | Station closes |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |