title: Illumitex

abstract: Illumitex is an American lighting manufacturer largely specializing in the production and development of LED lights for indoor farming and vertical farming. In addition to grow lights, Illumitex also creates lights for the Commercial & Industrial space, as well as digital horticulture solutions. The company is based in Austin, Texas and has manufacturing facilities in Austin, China, and Malaysia.

text:
# Illumitex

**Illumitex** is an American lighting manufacturer largely specializing in the production and development of LED lights for indoor farming and vertical farming. In addition to grow lights, Illumitex also creates lights for the Commercial & Industrial space, as well as digital horticulture solutions. The company is based in Austin, Texas and has manufacturing facilities in Austin, China, and Malaysia.

## History

Illumitex was founded in 2005 by Matt Thomas, Dung Duong, and Paul Winberg. The company largely stayed under the radar until they began receiving funding in 2008. They raised $10.5 million in a B round of funding in 2008 and, in 2009, added an additional $10 million in another round. By 2010, the company had received around $22 million in investor funding from groups like New Enterprise Associates, DFJ Mercury, and Applied Ventures. Also in 2010, Illumitex released its first product line (dubbed "Aduro") which consisted of square-shaped LED lights that could theoretically provide more light coverage than traditional rounded LED lights. The company's original goal was to provide residential and commercial lighting solutions for indoor rooms, parking lots, streetlights, and more. One of Illumitex's early clients was an apartment complex in Singapore. In 2011, Illumitex added an additional $13.5 million in equity.

In April 2012, the company received an additional $9.3 million from existing investors, bringing the total money raised to $50.3 million. The company continued to pursue options in vertical farming, contained environmental agriculture, and tissue culture laboratories as well as general illumination. Illumitex had 35 employees in 2012. The company raised $3.8 million in 2013 and added around $6 million in 2014. In August 2014, Illumitex announced plans to double the size of its headquarters. In 2015, the company secured $16 million in a funding round led by WP Global Partners. As of 2015, greenhouses account for the largest portion of Illumitex's customer base. The company has also provided lighting to prominent vertical farms like the Chicago-based FarmHere, which provided crops to Whole Foods.

## Products

As of 2015, most of Illumitex's products are used in contained environmental agriculture and vertical farming operations. The company produces a wide range of LED lights with customized intensity and wavelengths. The company's lights produce the "theoretical maximum amount of light for photosynthesis." Illumitex also produces its own fixtures and other lighting accessories. Everything that goes into light construction (e.g. phosphors, dies, packaging, etc.) is produced by an Illumitex factory. Illumitex lights have been used to grow plants like tomatoes, basil, kale, and other vegetables. Marijuana is also frequently grown under Illumitex lights. Illumitex also makes patented LED white light fixtures for the food-processing industry and for architecture.

## Awards and recognition

In 2015, the Austin Chamber of Commerce listed Illumitex among its class of A-List Startups. The list identifies the 12 "most promising" startups in the Austin area.

## InfoBox

Illumitex Inc.
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Lighting |
| Genre | Manufacturing |
| Founded | 2005 |
| Founder | Matt Thomas
Dung Duong
Paul Winberg |
| Headquarters | Austin, TX, U.S. |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people | Jeff Bisberg (CEO) |
| Products | LED lights |
| Website | Official Website |


title: The Food Assembly

abstract: The Food Assembly is an online farmers' market that aims to help farmers sell their produce direct to consumers. It was founded in France in 2010 by Guilhem Cheron and Marc-David Choukroun. The Food Assembly was originally called La Ruche qui dit Oui! which means The Hive That Says Yes! There are branches in France, Belgium, Spain, Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, UK, Switzerland and Italy. However at the end of June the French organisation pulled the plug on the UK with no reasons given The project was motivated by the desire for healthy eating and sustainable living. Anyone can open a Food Assembly in their neighbourhood and recruit local farmers to sell produce at through the local food assembly. However there are restrictions on the geographical area and these need to be agreed by your counties head office even if they are not aware how your members might travel in that area. Customers can place orders through the online platform and then pick up their orders at a local venue from the producers.

text:
# The Food Assembly

**The Food Assembly** is an online farmers' market that aims to help farmers sell their produce direct to consumers. It was founded in France in 2010 by Guilhem Cheron and Marc-David Choukroun. The Food Assembly was originally called La Ruche qui dit Oui! which means The Hive That Says Yes!

There are branches in France, Belgium, Spain, Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, UK, Switzerland and Italy. However at the end of June the French organisation pulled the plug on the UK with no reasons given

The project was motivated by the desire for healthy eating and sustainable living. Anyone can open a Food Assembly in their neighbourhood and recruit local farmers to sell produce at through the local food assembly. However there are restrictions on the geographical area and these need to be agreed by your counties head office even if they are not aware how your members might travel in that area. Customers (colloquially called Members) can place orders through the online platform and then pick up their orders at a local venue from the producers.

1. "A rural initiative helps to connect farmers to their local communities". *Farmers Guardian*. 5 February 2018. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
2. Auchard, Eric. "France's Food Assembly benefits from European tech funding rush". *reuters.com*. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
3. "How The Food Assembly connects local farmers with buyers". *Tech.eu*. 2014-09-11. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
4. O'Connell, Joanne (2014-07-10). "A new way to buy local produce? Food Assembly is coming to Britain". *the Guardian*. Retrieved 2018-05-23.


title: Three Brothers, South Georgia

abstract:
The Three Brothers is a group of three mountain peaks at the northwest end of the Allardyce Range on South Georgia. They align in a north–south direction, situated 4 miles (6 km) west of the head of Cumberland West Bay in the central part of South Georgia. The origin of the name, which dates back to the 1930s, is not certain. On 25 January 2001, Caradog Jones made the first ascent, solo, of the highest of the Three Brothers peaks This was part of a combined climbing and filming expedition, which resulted in five 30-minute programmes. Recorded in Welsh, and entitled Haf Ganol Gaeaf, it was broadcast with English subtitles. The series included :
  - Sailing to get there and back
  - History of the island
  - South Georgia's wildlife
  - First ascent of the 'Three Brothers'

text:
# Three Brothers, South Georgia

The **Three Brothers** (54°16′S 36°48′W / 54.267°S 36.800°W / -54.267; -36.800) is a group of three mountain peaks at the northwest end of the Allardyce Range on South Georgia. They align in a north–south direction, situated 4 miles (6 km) west of the head of Cumberland West Bay in the central part of South Georgia. The origin of the name, which dates back to the 1930s, is not certain.

On 25 January 2001, Caradog Jones made the first ascent, solo, of the highest of the Three Brothers peaks This was part of a combined climbing and filming expedition, which resulted in five 30-minute programmes. Recorded in Welsh, and entitled *Haf Ganol Gaeaf* (Summer Midst Winter), it was broadcast with English subtitles. The series included :

* Sailing to get there and back
* History of the island
* South Georgia's wildlife
* First ascent of the 'Three Brothers'

This article incorporates public domain material from "Three Brothers". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey.

## InfoBox

| Three Brothers | |
| --- | --- |
| Three BrothersSouth Georgia | |
| Highest point | |
| Coordinates | 54°16′S 36°48′W / 54.267°S 36.800°W / -54.267; -36.800 |
| Geography | |
| Location | South Georgia |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 2001 |


title: Thomas Meech

abstract: Thomas Cox Meech was an English journalist, author and lawyer. Born in Beaminster and educated at Ardingly College, Meech was initially intent on becoming a lawyer but instead turned to journalism, becoming editor of Ayrshire Post, Lancashire Daily Post and the Northern Echo. He published his first novel Only a Collier in 1890. Other books include biographies of Thomas Burt and William McKinley and a history of the Great Britain and Ireland called This Generation (1927–28). With Ladbroke Black he wrote several books under the pen name Paul Urquhart.

text:
# Thomas Meech

**Thomas Cox Meech** (1868 – 20 October 1940) was an English journalist, author and lawyer.

Born in Beaminster and educated at Ardingly College, Meech was initially intent on becoming a lawyer but instead turned to journalism, becoming editor of *Ayrshire Post*, *Lancashire Daily Post* and the *Northern Echo*. He published his first novel *Only a Collier* in 1890. Other books include biographies of Thomas Burt and William McKinley and a history of the Great Britain and Ireland called *This Generation* (1927–28). With Ladbroke Black he wrote several books under the pen name Paul Urquhart.


title: Mavis Grant

abstract: Dame Mavis Grant, DBE is a retired British teacher.

text:
# Mavis Grant

**Dame Mavis Grant**, DBE (*née* **Edgar**; born 1948) is a retired British teacher.

## Personal life

Born in 1948 to Joseph S. Edgar and his wife, Edna M. (*née* Hewson), she married Roger M. Grant in 1970. She attended the Northumberland College of Education and received a Certificate of Education and an Advanced Certificate in Education Studies. She began her teaching career in 1969; in 1978, she became Deputy Headteacher at Cowgate Primary School in Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1984, she moved to the city's Mary Trevelyan Primary School as head teacher, serving until 1999, when she took up the same role at Newcastle's Canning Street Primary School.

## Career

Grant campaigned for security measures and protection in schools for teachers and students, and panic buttons (for summoning police) were installed in nearly all 120 schools in Newcastle. The campaign was prompted by an incident where Grant was assaulted by the mother of a pupil in 1991, who objected to a letter she had received regarding the student's behaviour. The assault resulted in a prosecution and suspended sentence.

In March 1994, she highlighted the importance of mutual respect in managing students, and noted concerns around budget cuts and limited student access to educational psychologists. Grant retired from teaching in 2008.

## Recognition

In 1998, the Mary Trevelyan Primary School trialed a new project as part of the national literacy strategy, organised by Education Secretary David Blunkett. The school scored a dramatic improvement in reading standards, and Grant was singled out for her good leadership in the initiative. In January 1999, she said it was the most successful project during her time at the school, and in February that same year, Ofsted named it as one of England's "most-improved schools".

In 1999, she was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire "for services to education". Her DBE was recognition for her work as head teacher at Mary Trevelyan Primary School, which was situated in a deprived area of Newcastle; 88% of its pupils were entitled to free school meals. The appointment also recognised her work as a government adviser policy and curriculum matters, including a curriculum review on teaching citizenship. She was also appointed by the Department for Education to an independent inquiry into the marking of the 1999 SATs tests for 11-year-olds.

## InfoBox

| Mavis Grant | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1948-02-01) 1 February 1948 |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Teacher |


title: Max Isaac

abstract: Maxwell Vanstone Isaac was an Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

text:
# Max Isaac

**Maxwell Vanstone Isaac** (1 May 1924 – 23 February 2011) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## InfoBox

| Max Isaac | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Maxwell Vanstone Isaac | | |
| Date of birth | (1924-05-01)1 May 1924 | | |
| Place of birth | Ballarat, Victoria | | |
| Date of death | 23 February 2011(2011-02-23) (aged 86) | | |
| Original team(s) | Footscray Tech Old Boys | | |
| Height | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) | | |
| Weight | 80 kg (176 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1947–50, 1952 | Footscray | 26 (10) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1952. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Frederik Ferdinand Friis

abstract: Frederik Ferdinand Friis was a Danish architect, professor and Royal Building Inspector. His most important work is the Horsens State Prison.

text:
# Frederik Ferdinand Friis

**Frederik Ferdinand Friis** (16 December 1793 – 18 March 1865) was a Danish architect, professor and Royal Building Inspector. His most important work is the Horsens State Prison.

## Early life and education

Frederik Ferdinand Friis was born in Copenhagen on 16 December 1793 to master builder and fountain master Peder Friis and Henriette Johanne née West. He was admitted to the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in 1814. He won small and large silver medals in 1815 and 1817, the small gold medal in 1821 for *A military academy*, and finally the large gold medal for *A custom house* in 1825.

He was articled to Peder Malling from 1822 to 1827 where he was responsible for the construction of the new main building for Sorø Academy after the old one had been destroyed in a fire.

## Rome and Bertel Thorvaldsen

In 1828, Friis travelled to Rome where he stayed until 1830. There he was received by Bertel Thorvaldsen, a friend of Friis' parents, and assisted Just Mathias Thiele who, in the late 1820s, was collecting material for his large four-volume Thorvaldsen biography. Friis interviewed Thorvaldsen about several details regarding his life and oeuvre and reported back to Thiele in Copenhagen.

Later, in 1839, Friis also became a member of the Thorvaldsen Museum Building Commission.

## Career

After his return to Denmark in 1831, Friis was appointed Royal Building Inspector of Zealand and in 1850 for Copenhagen, Frederiksborg, Holbæk and Bornholm counties.

## At the Academy

He became a member of the Art Academy in Copenhagen in 1833. A titular professor in 1852, he applied unsuccessfully for vacant positions as professor in 1855 and 1856. He was in residency at Charlottenborg from 1856 and was vice-director of the Art Academy from 1857.

## InfoBox

| Frederik Ferdinand Friis | |
| --- | --- |
| Friis painted by Ferdinand Wolfgang Flachenecker | |
| Born | (1793-12-16)December 16, 1793
Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Died | March 18, 1865(1865-03-18) (aged 71)
Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Occupation | Architect |
|  | |
| Buildings | Horsens State Prison |
|  | |


title: Frederick St John Barne

abstract: Frederick St John Newdigate Barne was a British army officer and a Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1876 to 1885. Barne was the eldest son of Frederick Barne of Sotterley HalI, near Wangford, Suffolk and his wife Mary Anne Elizabeth Honywood, eldest daughter of Sir John Courtenay Honywood, 5th Baronet. His father had been M.P. for the rotten borough of Dunwich in succession to earlier members of the Barne family. He joined the Scots Fusilier Guards in 1859 and retired as captain and lieutenant-colonel in 1872. Barne was elected at a by-election in 1876 as one of the two Members of Parliament (MP) for East Suffolk, and held the seat until the 1885 general election, when constituency was divided under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885. Barne married Lady Constance Adelaide Seymour, daughter of Francis Seymour, 5th Marquess of Hertford in 1871. They lived at Sotterley Hall. Their son Michael Barne was the last surviving officer of the 1901-04 Discovery Expedition.

text:
# Frederick St John Barne

**Frederick St John Newdigate Barne** (5 September 1842 – 25 January 1898) was a British army officer and a Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1876 to 1885.

Barne was the eldest son of Frederick Barne of Sotterley HalI, near Wangford, Suffolk and his wife Mary Anne Elizabeth Honywood, eldest daughter of Sir John Courtenay Honywood, 5th Baronet. His father had been M.P. for the rotten borough of Dunwich in succession to earlier members of the Barne family. He joined the Scots Fusilier Guards in 1859 and retired as captain and lieutenant-colonel in 1872.

Barne was elected at a by-election in 1876 as one of the two Members of Parliament (MP) for East Suffolk, and held the seat until the 1885 general election, when constituency was divided under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.

Barne married Lady Constance Adelaide Seymour, daughter of Francis Seymour, 5th Marquess of Hertford in 1871. They lived at Sotterley Hall. Their son Michael Barne was the last surviving officer of the 1901-04 Discovery Expedition.


title: Fredonia Commons Historic District

abstract: Fredonia Commons Historic District is a national historic district located at Fredonia in Chautauqua County, New York. The district encompasses the central core of Fredonia; the main civic buildings, churches and commercial structures clustered around the commons. The district includes approximately 25 structures including the Fenner Fire Station, Village Hall, U.S. Post Office, Darwin R. Baker Library, United Methodist Church, Baptist Church, and Trinity Episcopal Church. Commercial buildings are located along the south side of the commons. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

text:
# Fredonia Commons Historic District

**Fredonia Commons Historic District** is a national historic district located at Fredonia in Chautauqua County, New York. The district encompasses the central core of Fredonia; the main civic buildings, churches and commercial structures clustered around the commons. The district includes approximately 25 structures including the Fenner Fire Station, Village Hall, U.S. Post Office, Darwin R. Baker Library, United Methodist Church, Baptist Church, and Trinity Episcopal Church. Commercial buildings are located along the south side of the commons.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Fredonia Commons Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Fredonia Village Hall in July, 2015 | |
|  | |
| Location | Main, Temple, Church, Day, and Center Sts., Fredonia, New York |
| Coordinates | 42°26′25″N 79°19′55″W / 42.44028°N 79.33194°W / 42.44028; -79.33194 |
| Built | 1834 |
| Architect | Jones, John; Et al. |
| Architectural style | Mid 19th Century Revival, Early Republic, Late Victorian |
| NRHP reference No. | 78001843 |
| Added to NRHP | October 19, 1978 |


title: Frederick Arthur Bagg

abstract: Frederick Arthur Bagg was the engineer who surveyed the route for the New York State Canal System. He was the chief engineer for the Johnstown, Fonda, and Gloverville Railroad.

text:
# Frederick Arthur Bagg

**Frederick Arthur Bagg** (1871 - March 1, 1932) was the engineer who surveyed the route for the New York State Canal System. He was the chief engineer for the Johnstown, Fonda, and Gloverville Railroad.

## Biography

He was born in 1871 in Providence, Rhode Island. He attended the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He was married to Edith Cress.

He surveyed the route for the New York State Canal System. He was the chief engineer for the Johnstown, Fonda, and Gloverville Railroad.

He then worked for the New York Central Railroad till his death on March 1, 1932, in Millburn, New Jersey. He died of heart disease.

## InfoBox

| Frederick Arthur Bagg | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1871<br>Providence, Rhode Island |
| Died | March 1, 1932 |
| Alma mater | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute |
| Occupation | Engineer |


title: Tianqi Lithium

abstract: Tianqi Lithium Corp is a Chinese mining and manufacturing company based in Sichuan. As of 2018, the company controls more than 46% of the production of lithium worldwide.

text:
# Tianqi Lithium

**Tianqi Lithium Corp** (Chinese: 天齐锂业; pinyin: *Tiānqí Lǐ Yè*; previously **Sichuan Tianqi Lithium Industries, Inc.**) is a Chinese mining and manufacturing company based in Sichuan.

As of 2018, the company controls more than 46% of the production of lithium worldwide.

## Production

World production of lithium via spodumene was around 80,000 metric tonnes per annum in 2018, primarily from the Greenbushes pegmatite of Western Australia and from some Chinese and Chilean sources. The Talison mine in Greenbushes, Western Australia, is reported to be the 2nd largest and to have the highest grade of ore at 2.4% Li2O (2012 figures).

## Acquisitions

Tianqi has owned a 51% ownership stake in Talison Lithium, which operates the Greenbushes mine in Australia, since 2009. Tianqi announced in 2018 that it would invest US$600 million to construct a lithium processing plant in Kwinana, Western Australia.

In 2018, Tianqi acquired a 24% stake in the Chilean mining company Sociedad Química y Minera (SQM) for approximately $4.1 billion. Tianqi was to purchase 62.5 million SQM A shares for $65 each from Canadian fertilizer company Nutrien.

Tianqi is currently in a legal dispute with MSP Engineering over the payment for building the lithium hydroxide plant in Kwinana Western Australia. MSP claim that Tianqi have failed to meet scheduled payments totalling over $39 million. A WA Supreme Court order handed down an order giving Tianqi seven days to pay MSP almost $39 million, something that Tianqi has refused to do, seeking a stay on the judgement. The matter is still before the courts.

## Carbon footprint

Tianqi Lithium Corp reported Total CO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for 31 December 2020 at 259 Kt.

## InfoBox

Tianqi Lithium Corporation
|
|  |
| Native name | 天齐锂业股份有限公司 |
| Company type | publicly traded company |
| Traded as | SZSE: 002466
SEHK: 9696 |
| Industry | Chemicals & Mining |
| Founded | 2000 (2000) |
| Headquarters | Building 1 No.10 East Gaopeng Road, High-tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China |
| Key people | Jiang Weiping (蒋卫平, Founder & Chair)
Jiang Anqi (蒋安琪, Vice Chair), Ha 'Frank' Chun Shing Ha (Director & CEO) |
| Products |  |
| Revenue | US$1.187 billion (2021) |
| Operating income | US$751 million (2021) |
| Net income | US$324 million (2021) |
| Total assets | US$6.845 billion (2021) |
| Number of employees | 1,773 (2021) |
| Website | http://www.tianqilithium.com |


title: Free Soil, Michigan

abstract: Free Soil is a village in Mason County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 158 at the 2020 census. The village is located within Free Soil Township.

text:
# Free Soil, Michigan

**Free Soil** is a village in Mason County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 158 at the 2020 census. The village is located within Free Soil Township.

## History

The current village is actually the second settlement in Mason County to be named Free Soil. There are still a few homes in the area now known as "Old Freesoil".

The railroad was extended to Free Soil around 1882, and the village was incorporated in 1912. The community derives its name from the Free Soil Party.

## Geography

Free Soil is in northern Mason County, 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Ludington, the county seat (20 miles (32 km) by road), and 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Manistee. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.04 square miles (2.69 km2), all land. The village is close to the intersection of Free Soil and Custer Roads, and the Big Sable River runs just north of the village limits.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1890 | 306 |  |  |
| 1920 | 210 |  |  |
| 1930 | 239 |  | 13.8% |
| 1940 | 236 |  | −1.3% |
| 1950 | 208 |  | −11.9% |
| 1960 | 209 |  | 0.5% |
| 1970 | 186 |  | −11.0% |
| 1980 | 212 |  | 14.0% |
| 1990 | 148 |  | −30.2% |
| 2000 | 177 |  | 19.6% |
| 2010 | 144 |  | −18.6% |
| 2020 | 158 |  | 9.7% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 144 people, 64 households, and 41 families residing in the village. The population density was 138.5 inhabitants per square mile (53.5/km2). There were 84 housing units at an average density of 80.8 per square mile (31.2/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 95.8% White, 1.4% African American, and 2.8% Native American.

There were 64 households, of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 15.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.9% were non-families. 31.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.76.

The median age in the village was 44.9 years. 20.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.7% were from 25 to 44; 28.5% were from 45 to 64; and 20.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 51.4% male and 48.6% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 177 people, 75 households, and 48 families residing in the village. The population density was 171.2 inhabitants per square mile (66.1/km2). There were 93 housing units at an average density of 90.0 per square mile (34.7/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 93.22% White, 2.26% African American, 0.56% Native American, and 3.95% from two or more races.

There were 75 households, out of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 22.6% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $27,083, and the median income for a family was $36,000. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,329. About 5.6% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under the age of eighteen and 11.4% of those 65 or over.

## Education

Free Soil previously operated a two-building K-12 school district, with the high school closing in 2007 and elementary closing in 2011. The school had been in operation since 1913.

## InfoBox

| Free Soil, Michigan | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Location within Mason County | |
| Free SoilFree Soil | |
| Coordinates: 44°06′28″N 86°12′57″W / 44.10778°N 86.21583°W / 44.10778; -86.21583 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Michigan |
| County | Mason |
| Township | Free Soil |
| Incorporated | 1912 |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.04 sq mi (2.69 km2) |
| Land | 1.04 sq mi (2.69 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 686 ft (209 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 158 |
| Density | 152.22/sq mi (58.78/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP Code | 49411 |
| Area code | 231 |
| FIPS code | 26-30600 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1617399 |


title: Max Flatow

abstract: Max Flatow was an American architect who worked for most of his career in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Flatow got his start designing buildings for the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos before opening his own firm in Albuquerque in 1947. Joined by Jason Moore in 1948, the firm became one of New Mexico's largest and was instrumental in popularizing modern architecture throughout the state. Some of their most influential commissions included the Simms Building and the University of New Mexico College of Education.

text:
# Max Flatow

**Max Flatow** (August 19, 1915 – July 15, 2003) was an American architect who worked for most of his career in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Flatow got his start designing buildings for the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos before opening his own firm in Albuquerque in 1947. Joined by Jason Moore in 1948, the firm became one of New Mexico's largest and was instrumental in popularizing modern architecture throughout the state. Some of their most influential commissions included the Simms Building and the University of New Mexico College of Education.

## Biography

Flatow was born in Port Arthur, Texas, the son of Tobias and Alice Jones Flatow, and grew up in an orphanage (Masonic Home and School of Texas) after his father died when he was 5. In 1940, he received his bachelor's degree in architectural engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. During World War II he was a first lieutenant in the Army and worked for the Army Corps of Engineers designing military installations. In 1945, he moved to the secret city of Los Alamos, where he served as Architectural Superintendent of Construction for the Manhattan Project, reporting to Robert Oppenheimer.

After the war, he ended up staying in New Mexico, opening a small architectural office in Albuquerque in 1947. The following year, his college roommate and friend Jason Moore (1915–2000) joined the firm, becoming a partner in 1952. Flatow and Moore grew to be one of New Mexico's largest architectural firms and played a major role in bringing diversity to the state's architectural styles. According to an *Albuquerque Journal* career retrospective from 1990, fellow architect George Pearl felt that "Flatow and Moore did more than any other firm to break the tradition of dull, oversimplified Territorial architecture that had prevailed in Albuquerque through the late 1940s."

One of the firm's first big commissions was the Simms Building, which was Albuquerque's first International style high-rise and helped usher the city into the era of modern architecture. The building attracted local and national attention, with *Progressive Architecture* magazine reporting that "few office buildings that we have seen are more rational, sensibly schemed structurally and mechanically, or more colorful." In recognition of its "exceptional significance", it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places only 42 years after its completion.

Another influential commission was the University of New Mexico College of Education, a complex of six buildings completed in 1963 which "preserved the essence of the campus’s Pueblo Revival style while pushing its boundaries, especially by abstracting and incorporating an eclectic mix of Pueblo and regional influences." According to architectural critic Bainbridge Bunting, "...while it respects and draws inspiration from the traditional architecture of the region, it also accepts modern technology without apologies. And in drawing from both the old and the new, the design avoids crippling compromise and rises, instead, to a new and creative plane which is uniquely appropriate to the particular problems at hand." The complex went on to win a number of awards.

Flatow retired from architecture in 1990 and died in 2003 at the age of 87. He was buried in a Jewish ceremony at Fairview Memorial Park in Albuquerque. His widow, Annie Stein Flatow, died in 2014 at the age of 93.

## Firm

Flatow opened his first office in 1947 as Max Flatow, Architect. The firm went through a number of iterations over the years as partners joined or left. It became Flatow and Moore in 1952, and then Flatow, Moore, Bryan, and Fairburn in 1954. In the 1970s, Fairburn was put in charge of the firm's Phoenix office which became a separate company in 1974. Subsequently, the original firm became Flatow, Moore, Bryan, and Associates, and then Flatow, Moore, Bryan, Shaffer, and McCabe. Ultimately the firm went by the name Flatow, Moore, Shaffer, and McCabe, and then just FMSM Design Group before closing in 2002.

## Works

Flatow's firm completed hundreds of commissions. Some of the more notable examples are listed here, including some for which Flatow was not the principal designer. All listings are located in Albuquerque unless otherwise noted.

## InfoBox

| Max Flatow | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | August 19, 1915
Port Arthur, Texas |
| Died | July 15, 2003
Albuquerque, New Mexico |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | architect |


title: Thunia

abstract: Thunia is a genus of orchids. It is now included in the subtribe Coelogyninae, but was previously treated as the only genus of the subtribe Thuniinae. The genus comprises 6 species, native to Southeast Asia. It is abbreviated Thu in trade journals.

text:
# Thunia

***Thunia*** is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae). It is now included in the subtribe Coelogyninae, but was previously treated as the only genus of the subtribe **Thuniinae**. The genus comprises 6 species, native to Southeast Asia. It is abbreviated **Thu** in trade journals.

## InfoBox

| *Thunia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Thunia alba* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Tribe: | Arethuseae |
| Subtribe: | Coelogyninae |
| Genus: | *Thunia*<br>Rchb.f. (1852) |
|
| Species | |
|  | |


title: Thunigaba

abstract: Thunigaba was an ancient Roman(-Berber?) town in Roman Africa. It was a bishopric and is now a Latin Church titular see of the Catholic Church.

text:
# Thunigaba

**Thunigaba** was an ancient Roman(-Berber?) town in Roman Africa. It was a bishopric and is now a Latin Church titular see of the Catholic Church.

## History

The city was one of many in the Late Roman province of Africa proconsularis which were important enough to become a suffragan see of the primatial Metropolitan of Carthage, but later faded.

Its ruins are near modern Henchir-Aïn-Laabed, in present Tunisia.

## Titular see

In 1933, the diocese was nominally restored as a Latin titular bishopric of the lowest (episcopal) rank.

So far, it had the following episcopal incumbents :


title: Thun-Saint-Amand

abstract: Thun-Saint-Amand is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

text:
# Thun-Saint-Amand

**Thun-Saint-Amand** (French pronunciation: \[tœ̃ sɛ̃.t‿amɑ̃\]) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

## Heraldry

|  | The arms of Thun-Saint-Amand are blazoned :
*Per pale highly indented argent and gules.* (Cagnoncles, Landas, Raucourt-au-Bois and Thun-Saint-Amand use the same arms.)

 |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

| Thun-Saint-Amand | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall in Thun-Saint-Amand | |
|  | |
| Location of Thun-Saint-Amand | |
| Thun-Saint-AmandThun-Saint-Amand | |
| Coordinates: 50°28′51″N 3°27′35″E / 50.4808°N 3.4597°E / 50.4808; 3.4597 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Nord |
| Arrondissement | Valenciennes |
| Canton | Saint-Amand-les-Eaux |
| Intercommunality | CA Porte du Hainaut |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Jean-Noël Broquet |
| Area**1** | 3.71 km2 (1.43 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 1,110 |
| Density | 300/km2 (770/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 59594 /59158 |
| Elevation | 14–38 m (46–125 ft)
(avg. 22 m or 72 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Thurman Arnold

abstract: Thurman Wesley Arnold was an American lawyer best known for his trust-busting campaign as Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division in President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Department of Justice from 1938 to 1943. He later served as a Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. Before coming to Washington in 1938, Arnold was the mayor of Laramie, Wyoming and a professor at Yale Law School, where he took part in the legal realism movement and published two books: The Symbols of Government (1935) and The Folklore of Capitalism (1937). He also published The Bottlenecks of Business (1940).

text:
# Thurman Arnold

**Thurman Wesley Arnold** (June 2, 1891 – November 7, 1969) was an American lawyer best known for his trust-busting campaign as Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division in President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Department of Justice from 1938 to 1943. He later served as a Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. Before coming to Washington in 1938, Arnold was the mayor of Laramie, Wyoming and a professor at Yale Law School, where he took part in the legal realism movement and published two books: *The Symbols of Government* (1935) and *The Folklore of Capitalism* (1937). He also published *The Bottlenecks of Business* (1940).

## Early life and education

Thurman was born in the frontier ranch town of Laramie, Wyoming, which grew to be a small city and the location of the University of Wyoming. He was the son of Annie (Brockway) and Constantine Peter Arnold. He began his university studies at Wabash College, but transferred to Princeton University, earning his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1911. He earned his Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1914.

## Career

Arnold served in World War I, rising to the rank of lieutenant in the United States Army (Field Artillery) and worked briefly in Chicago, Illinois before returning to Laramie, where he was a member of the Wyoming House of Representatives in 1921 and then mayor from 1923 to 1924. He developed a reputation as a maverick lawyer. He was a Lecturer at the University of Wyoming from 1921 to 1926. He was Dean of the West Virginia University College of Law from 1927 to 1930. He was a visiting professor at Yale University from 1930 to 1931, and then professor of law at the same institution from 1931 to 1938. He was a special assistant to the general counsel of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration in 1933. He was an Assistant Attorney General of the United States Department of Justice from 1938 to 1943. As chief competition lawyer for the United States Government, Arnold launched numerous studies to support the antitrust efforts in the late 1930s. He targeted the American Medical Association in their anti-competitive efforts against health plans. The Roosevelt administration later de-emphasized antitrust enforcement, for the stated purpose of allowing corporations to concentrate on contributing to victory in World War II.

## Federal judicial service

Arnold was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 11, 1943, to an Associate Justice seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia (now the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit) vacated by Associate Justice Wiley Blount Rutledge. He was "kicked upstairs" by President Roosevelt to the Court of Appeals in order to get him out of the Antitrust Division. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 9, 1943, and received his commission on March 11, 1943. His service terminated on July 9, 1945, due to his resignation.

### Court of Appeals tenure

Although the District of Columbia Court of Appeals had some responsibility for review of decisions by federal administrative agencies, during Arnold's tenure the court's primary role was reviewing decisions of local trial courts involving routine civil and criminal matters arising in Washington, D.C. Arnold was never happy during his time on the court, resigning after only two years on the bench. As an explanation of his decision, he told observers he "would rather be speaking to damn fools than listening to damn fools."

## Arnold & Porter

Arnold returned to private practice in Washington, D.C., where, along with Paul A. Porter and Abe Fortas, he co-founded the law firm known today as Arnold & Porter.

## Personal and death

Thurman married his lifelong partner Frances Longan Arnold on September 4, 1917. They had two children, Thurman Jr. and George, both of whom enjoyed successful careers in the law. Nebraskan "Hugh Cox, famous as Thurman Arnold's chief deputy" and also as an early partner at Root Clark & Bird (later Root, Clark, Buckner & Ballantine; later Dewey Ballantine, later Dewey & LeBouef) was attorney for Donald Hiss, brother of Alger Hiss. Both Cox and Hiss were partners at Covington & Burling, where he was called the "perfect advocate") during the Hiss-Chambers Case."

Arnold died on November 7, 1969.

Thurman Arnold Jr. established a law firm in Palm Springs, California in 1953. Thurman Arnold Jr.'s son, Thurman Arnold III, joined his father's law firm in 1982 and is currently practicing law with an emphasis on Family Law in Palm Springs, California. George Arnold married and raised a family with Ellen Cameron Pearson, daughter of columnist Drew Pearson and granddaughter of Cissy Patterson, owner of the *Washington Times-Herald*.

## Sources

### Biographical sources

### Primary sources

* Arnold, Thurman W. *The Bottlenecks of Business*. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1940. ISBN 1-58798-085-1
* Arnold, Thurman W. *The Folklore of Capitalism*. New Haven: Yale University Press; London: Humphrey Milford/Oxford University Press, 1937; 1962, with new preface. ISBN 1-58798-025-8
* Arnold, Thurman W. *The Symbols of Government*. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1935; New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1962, with new preface. ISBN 9780156876063

## InfoBox

| Thurman Arnold | |
| --- | --- |
| Arnold in 1939 | |
|  | |
| Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia | |
| **In office**
March 18, 1943  July 9, 1945 | |
| Appointed by | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | Wiley Rutledge |
| Succeeded by | Bennett Champ Clark |
| United States Assistant Attorney General for the Antitrust Division | |
| **In office**
1938–1943 | |
| President | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | Robert H. Jackson |
| Succeeded by | Wendell Berge |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Thurman Wesley Arnold
(1891-06-02)June 2, 1891
Laramie, Wyoming |
| Died | November 7, 1969(1969-11-07) (aged 78)
Alexandria, Virginia |
| Education | Princeton University (AB)
Harvard University (LLB) |
|  | |


title: Tiburonia

abstract: Tiburonia is a genus of jellyfish in the family Ulmaridae. It was reported in 2003, following the discovery of its only species yet identified, Tiburonia granrojo. It was discovered by a crew from MBARI led by George Matsumoto. Pieces of the medusae were collected for morphological analysis, which eventually led to sequencing and taxonomic identification. The discovery of this organism led to not only a new species, but a new subfamily of Ulmaridae, called Tiburoniinae. Its genus was named Tiburonia after the ROV the crew were using, called Tiburon, meaning "shark" in Spanish. Because of this ROVs distinct maneuverability, all angles of the organisms were able to be observed, which is particularly important to the study of gelatinous pelagic invertebrates. Its species name was originally to be called "big ugly", but Kirsten Matsumoto, George Matsumoto's wife, raised objections to this name, and renamed it granrojo, meaning "big red" in Spanish, leading to its English-language name, the Big Red Jellyfish. Tiburonia granrojo is one of the largest sea jellies and unusual in a number of ways. They live at ocean depths of 600 to 1,500 metres and have been found across the Pacific Ocean in the Gulf of California, Monterey Bay, Hawaii and Japan. It is very likely that these jellies are exhibiting deep-sea gigantism. They can grow up to 76 centimetres (30 in) in diameter, according to the California Academy of Sciences, and have thick fleshy 4-7 oral arms in place of the long tentacles found in most jellies. The radial canals of the Tiburonia granrojo do not narrow. This fact, along with the length of the arms and the shape of the bell, separates Tiburoniiae from other genera of Ulmaridae. All specimens that have been observed live in temperatures between 2.7 and 4.9 °C, salinities between 34.1 and 34.5 PSU, and oxygen contents between 0.15 and 1.22 mL of O2 per L. The entire jellyfish is deep red in color. To date, only 23 members of the species have been found and only one—a small specimen under 15 centimetres (6 in)—has been retrieved for further study. Several high resolution videos of granrojo have been taken by remote controlled submarines. The discovery was announced by Dr. Matsumoto and colleagues in Marine Biology in 2003. The first specimen of the species was obtained around the Japan trench and was placed in the National Science Museum in Tokyo.

text:
# Tiburonia

***Tiburonia*** is a genus of jellyfish in the family Ulmaridae. It was reported in 2003, following the discovery of its only species yet identified, ***Tiburonia granrojo***. It was discovered by a crew from MBARI led by George Matsumoto. Pieces of the medusae (bell margin and arms) were collected for morphological analysis, which eventually led to sequencing and taxonomic identification. The discovery of this organism led to not only a new species, but a new subfamily of Ulmaridae, called Tiburoniinae. Its genus was named *Tiburonia* after the ROV the crew were using, called *Tiburon*, meaning "shark" in Spanish. Because of this ROVs distinct maneuverability, all angles of the organisms were able to be observed, which is particularly important to the study of gelatinous pelagic invertebrates. Its species name was originally to be called "big ugly", but Kirsten Matsumoto, George Matsumoto's wife, raised objections to this name, and renamed it *granrojo*, meaning "big red" in Spanish, leading to its English-language name, the **Big Red Jellyfish**.

*Tiburonia granrojo* is one of the largest sea jellies and unusual in a number of ways. They live at ocean depths of 600 to 1,500 metres (2,000 to 4,900 ft) and have been found across the Pacific Ocean in the Gulf of California, Monterey Bay, Hawaii and Japan. It is very likely that these jellies are exhibiting deep-sea gigantism. They can grow up to 76 centimetres (30 in) in diameter, according to the California Academy of Sciences, and have thick fleshy 4-7 oral arms in place of the long tentacles found in most jellies. The radial canals of the Tiburonia granrojo do not narrow. This fact, along with the length of the arms and the shape of the bell, separates Tiburoniiae from other genera of Ulmaridae. All specimens that have been observed live in temperatures between 2.7 and 4.9 °C, salinities between 34.1 and 34.5 PSU, and oxygen contents between 0.15 and 1.22 mL of O
2 per L. The entire jellyfish is deep red in color.

Davidson Seamount specimen, 18 May 2002

To date, only 23 members of the species have been found and only one—a small specimen under 15 centimetres (6 in)—has been retrieved for further study. Several high resolution videos of *granrojo* have been taken by remote controlled submarines. The discovery was announced by Dr. Matsumoto and colleagues in *Marine Biology* in 2003. The first specimen of the species was obtained around the Japan trench and was placed in the National Science Museum in Tokyo.

### Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Tiburonia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Scyphozoa |
| Order: | Semaeostomeae |
| Family: | Ulmaridae |
| Subfamily: | Tiburoniinae
Matsumoto *et al.*, 2003 |
| Genus: | *Tiburonia*
Matsumoto *et al.*, 2003 |
| Species: | ***T. granrojo*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tiburonia granrojo***
Matsumoto *et al.*, 2003 | |
|


title: Frederick Margrave

abstract: Frederick Lofthouse Margrave was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Llanelli Rugby Football Club. Margrave was born on Christmas Day 1858 in Llanelli. In 1884 he married Alice Newman, and together they had six children.

text:
# Frederick Margrave

**Frederick Lofthouse Margrave** (25 December 1858 – 1 January 1946) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Llanelli Rugby Football Club. Margrave was born on Christmas Day 1858 in Llanelli. In 1884 he married Alice Newman, and together they had six children.

## Rugby career

Margrave played for Llanelli and was one of the first players from the club to represent Wales. His first international game was as part of the 1884 Home Nations Championship against England. Under the captaincy of Newport's Charlie Newman, Wales lost the game by two tries. Margrave was reselected for the very next match of the same tournament against Scotland at Rodney Parade but after another Welsh loss Margrave did not represent his country again.

Margrave also captained his club and was described as one of the most gentlemanly half backs to represent the first team.

## International matches played

**Wales**

## Bibliography

* Smith, David; Williams, Gareth (1980). *Fields of Praise: The Official History of The Welsh Rugby Union*. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-7083-0766-3.

## InfoBox

Frederick Margrave
| Birth name | Frederick Lofthouse Margrave |
| --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1858-12-25)25 December 1858 |
| Place of birth | Llanelli, Wales |
| Date of death | 1 January 1946(1946-01-01) (aged 87) |
| Place of death | Llanelli, Wales |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Half-backs  Amateur team(s)  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  Llanelli RFC   ()  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1884 Wales  2  (0) | |


title: Maxwell Findlay

abstract: Captain Maxwell Hutcheon Findlay was a Scottish World War I flying ace credited with 14 aerial victories. He remained in the RAF postwar for several years before going on to a civilian aviation career that ended with his death in the Johannesburg Air Race of 1936.

text:
# Maxwell Findlay

Captain **Maxwell Hutcheon Findlay** DSC, DFC (17 February 1898 – 1 October 1936) was a Scottish World War I flying ace credited with 14 aerial victories. He remained in the RAF postwar for several years before going on to a civilian aviation career that ended with his death in the Johannesburg Air Race of 1936.

## Early life

Maxwell Hutcheon Findlay was born on Aberdeen, Scotland on 17 February 1898.

## World War I

Findlay was a Scotsman living in Canada when World War I began. He returned to the British Isles to enlist in the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment). He later transferred to the Royal Naval Air Service, being promoted from probationary temporary flight officer to temporary flight sub-lieutenant on 16 April 1917. His first duty assignment, to No. 6 Naval Squadron, brought him two "out of control" victories over Albatros D.Vs in July and August 1917. He transferred to No. 1 Naval Squadron, and used a Sopwith Camel to score three more "out of control" wins on 15 November and 4 December 1917, as well as on 8 March 1918, to become an ace. On 10 March, he destroyed an Albatros D.V. On the 16th, his second win was shared with Hazel LeRoy Wallace. By 30 May, his score was 14, including a shared win with Wallace, Charles Dawson Booker, Samuel Kinkead, James Henry Forman, Robert McLaughlin, Reginald Brading, R. Hemmens, and R. S. S. Orr. On 25 April 1918 he was appointed a temporary captain in the Royal Air Force.

## Postwar career

On 1 August 1919 Findley was granted a permanent commission as a lieutenant in the RAF, and served in the Third Anglo-Afghan War and the Waziristan campaign. On 1 October 1920, Flying Officer Findlay resigned his commission and was permitted to retain the rank of flight lieutenant.

He then turned to farming in Scotland, gaining a first-class diploma in agriculture from Aberdeen University.

He also kept in touch with aviation; on 13 January 1925 Findlay was granted a commission in the RAF's Class "A" Reserves as a probationary flying officer, being confirmed in his rank on 13 July 1925. He relinquished his commission on completion of service on 13 January 1928, but was recommissioned as a flying officer in the Reserves on 11 May 1929.

In 1930 Findlay joined National Flying Services Ltd., serving as chief instructor until 1933. From there he went to Brooklands as an instructor and sales manager.

Findlay was killed on 1 October 1936, while taking part in The Schlesinger African Air Race, when his Airspeed Envoy crashed into trees on takeoff in Abercorn, Northern Rhodesia (now Mbala, Zambia).

## Honours and awards

Distinguished Service Cross Flight Sub-Lieutenant Maxwell Hutcheon Findlay, RNAS. For the courage and daring displayed by him as a pilot. On 8 March 1918, whilst on patrol, he engaged an Albatross scout, firing effectively from very close range. The enemy aircraft went down completely out of control. He has also destroyed or driven down out of control many other enemy machines. Distinguished Flying Cross Lieutenant (Temporary Captain) Maxwell Hutcheon Findlay, DSC. A skilful and courageous patrol leader. During the past few months this officer has destroyed seven enemy machines and brought down seven more out of control. On one occasion he fought an enemy machine from 18,000 feet down to an altitude of 10,000 feet, at which point he gained an advantage and destroyed his antagonist.

## Endnotes

* *Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920* (1990). Christopher F. Shores, Norman L. R. Franks, Russell Guest. Grub Street. ISBN 0-948817-19-4, ISBN 978-0-948817-19-9.

## InfoBox

| Maxwell Hutcheon Findlay | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1898-02-17)17 February 1898
Aberdeen, Scotland |
| Died | 1 October 1936(1936-10-01) (aged 38)
Abercorn, Northern Rhodesia |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army
Royal Navy
Royal Air Force |
| Years of service | 1914–1920 |
| Rank | Captain |
| Unit | Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment)
No. 6 Squadron RNAS
No. 1 Squadron RNAS/No. 201 Squadron RAF |
| Battles/wars | World War I
Third Anglo-Afghan War
Waziristan campaign |
| Awards | Distinguished Service Cross
Distinguished Flying Cross |
| Other work | Aviation sales manager and instructor; air racer |


title: Frederick Byron, 10th Baron Byron

abstract: Reverend Frederick Ernest Charles Byron, 10th Baron Byron was an Anglican clergyman, nobleman, peer, politician, and the tenth Baron Byron, as a grandson of Admiral George Anson Byron, 7th Baron Byron, who was the cousin of Romantic poet and writer George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron.

text:
# Frederick Byron, 10th Baron Byron

Reverend **Frederick Ernest Charles Byron, 10th Baron Byron** (26 March 1861 – 6 June 1949) was an Anglican clergyman, nobleman, peer, politician, and the tenth Baron Byron, as a grandson of Admiral George Anson Byron, 7th Baron Byron, who was the cousin of Romantic poet and writer George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron.

## Life

Byron was the son of the Hon. Frederick Byron and Mary Jane Wescomb. He graduated from Exeter College, Oxford, with the degree of Master of Arts (MA).

He was the Curate between 1888 and 1890 at Royston, Hertfordshire. He was the Rector between 1891 and 1914 at Langford, Essex, UK. He was the Vicar between 1914 and 1942 at Thrumpton, Nottinghamshire. He succeeded to the title of 10th Baron Byron in 1917 upon the death of his older brother Lt. George Frederick William Byron, 9th Baron Byron. He was the Rector between 1941 and 1942 at St. George's Church, Barton in Fabis.

Lord Byron died on 6 June 1949, and was succeeded by his first cousin once removed, Rupert Frederick George Byron, 11th Baron Byron (born 1903).

## Family

Lord Byron married Anna Ismay Ethel FitzRoy, daughter of Reverend Lord Charles Edward FitzRoy and the Hon. Ismay Mary Helen Augusta FitzRoy, in 1921. They had no children.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Frederick Byron, 10th Baron Byron
|  | CoronetA Coronet of a Baron CrestA Mermaid proper EscutcheonArgent three Bendlets enhanced Gules SupportersOn either side a Horse of a brown bay colour unguled Or MottoCrede Byron (Trust Byron) |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

| The Reverend and Right HonourableThe Lord Byron | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal | |
| **In office**
30 March 1917  6 June 1949
Hereditary peerage | |
| Preceded by | The 9th Baron Byron |
| Succeeded by | The 11th Baron Byron |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 March 1861 |
| Died | 6 June 1949 (age 88) |
| Spouse | Anna Ismay Ethel FitzRoy |
| Parent(s) | Hon. Frederick Byron
Mary Jane Wescomb |
|  | |


title: Maxwell Xolani Rani

abstract: Maxwell Xolani Rani is a professional African dancer and choreographer. He is also a professor at the University of Cape Town in the School of Dance.

text:
# Maxwell Xolani Rani

**Maxwell Xolani Rani** is a professional African dancer and choreographer. He is also a professor at the University of Cape Town in the School of Dance.

## Childhood

Maxwell's grandparents raised him. His family is from a village in the Eastern Cape called Cofimvaba and migrated in the 60s to settle in Cape Town for "greener pastures." Maxwell was born and raised in Nyanga Township in Cape Town. He attended the Zolani Centre in Nyanga where he became a full-time boy scout of the fourth Den.

## Early involvement in dance

While he was attending the boy scouts, he was also attending Zulu dance training and dancing in Zolani Centre in Nyanga. Eventually he gave up boy scouts and focused on dancing. His aunt worked for a ballet dance couple and they were familiar with Maxwell because he was with them at weekends. One of them, Professor David Pool, who was the head of department of UCT School of Dance, was the Director of Cape Town City Ballet for a long time. He showed interest in dancing Maxwell was involved with in the Township. David ended up coming to the Township to join in and got introduced to other dance forms. Maxwell learned about choreography, contemporary and ballet. A lot knowledge was acquired as far as dance discipline is concerned.

## Later schooling

Maxwell attended high school in Nyanga Township at a school called Oscar Mpetha which was called Sizamile then. He then went to a private School which was a French school, where all subjects were in French. He attended college overseas in times of apartheid, including the Paris Institute and Greenwich in London, but ultimately ended up at University of Cape Town. He also freelanced as an established artist overseas.

## Dance career

Maxwell's dance career started from Nyanga when David Poole was working with them, because at that time he had started performing professionally in theaters and other productions. It rose high when he went overseas to France, Canada and London. He was trained by many acclaimed teachers and dancers from Germaine Acogny to H. Patten in London. His experience in performing overseas taught him different styles and influences that made him an established South African Artist overseas and at home in South Africa.

He started teaching dance overseas as an extramural thing as he was a full-time student and dancer. But his right knee made him to think hard about teaching as he was not consistent in terms of physio. During that time he was still in London. He taught African dance overseas in Brazil, Beijing, Senegal, Jamaica, and the USA (Philadelphia, Wisconsin, and North Carolina). One day he received a letter requesting to be a “guinea pig” at the University of Cape Town School of Dance. He was to be the first African dance major student with a full scholarship. After giving a thought about the offer, he then accepted it because he wanted to return home and be a formal and accredited dance teacher with a qualification. He attended four years and then was planning on returning overseas when the head of the department, Professor Elizabeth Triegaardt, proposed that he stay and build the course to another level and stretch it a little bit by using his contacts and dance experience. It took a lot of negotiations to stay as he was dying to return to his familiar lifestyle because he realised lots of things such as “how far backwards his country was in the performance industry”. Though, at the time, South Africa's dance industry was not relatively active, he considers the country to be of much progress in recent times.


title: Mays Point, New York

abstract: Mays Point is a hamlet in the Town of Tyre, Seneca County, New York, United States, near the Wayne and Cayuga county lines. It is located seven miles (11 km) northeast of the hamlet of Seneca Falls, at an elevation of 381 feet (116 m). The primary intersection in the hamlet is at N.Y. Route 89 and Mays Point Road. Mays Point is situated along the Erie Canal near the junction of the Seneca and Clyde rivers within the Montezuma Marsh. The New York State Thruway passes just south of the hamlet. Erie Canal Lock 25 is located off Mays Point Road, near N.Y. Route 89. It was built around 1912, and has a lift of 6 feet (1.8 m) to the west.

text:
# Mays Point, New York

42°59′51″N 76°45′55″W / 42.99750°N 76.76528°W / 42.99750; -76.76528

**Mays Point** is a hamlet in the Town of Tyre, Seneca County, New York, United States, near the Wayne and Cayuga county lines. It is located seven miles (11 km) northeast of the hamlet of Seneca Falls, at an elevation of 381 feet (116 m). The primary intersection in the hamlet is at N.Y. Route 89 and Mays Point Road (CR 105A). Mays Point is situated along the Erie Canal near the junction of the Seneca and Clyde rivers within the Montezuma Marsh. The New York State Thruway (Interstate 90) passes just south of the hamlet.

Erie Canal Lock 25 is located off Mays Point Road, near N.Y. Route 89. It was built around 1912, and has a lift of 6 feet (1.8 m) to the west.


title: Maysa: Quando Fala o Coração

abstract: Maysa: Quando Fala o Coração is a 2009 Brazilian miniseries written by Manoel Carlos and directed by Jayme Monjardim. It's starring Larissa Maciel in the role of Maysa Matarazzo. In 2009, was nominated for Best TV Movie/Mini-Series at the 37th International Emmy Awards.

text:
# Maysa: Quando Fala o Coração

***Maysa: Quando Fala o Coração*** (English: ***Maysa - When the heart sings***) is a 2009 Brazilian miniseries written by Manoel Carlos and directed by Jayme Monjardim. It's starring Larissa Maciel in the role of Maysa Matarazzo.

In 2009, was nominated for Best TV Movie/Mini-Series at the 37th International Emmy Awards.

## Plot

At seventeen, filled with dreams and hopes, Maysa marries the love of her life, Andre Matarazzo, an industry titan with whom she has her only son, Jayme Monjardim. The strictness of life in the family mansion, however, contrasts with the festive and artistic environment in which she grew up. Despite Andre’s opposition, Maysa’s superb voice lands her an invitation to record an album, and her music becomes an instant success. Maysa’s new, demanding career results in the collapse of her marriage and takes a toll on her relationship with Jayme. In search of professional achievement, she risks everything and immerses her body and soul into singing. She earns standing ovations while crisscrossing the globe. Once divorced, she engages in turbulent relationships. She breaks taboos and defies conventions. And she dies tragically and prematurely. Maysa - when the heart sings: the story of a woman ahead of her time, who gave herself to life and to love with the same intensity as she composed and performed.

## Cast

* Larissa MacielMaysa
* Eduardo Semerjian — André Matarazzo
* Mateus SolanoRonaldo Bôscoli
* Jayme MatarazzoJayme Monjardim (young)
* Nelson Baskerville — Alcebíades Monjardim (Monja)
* Ângela Dip — Ináh Monjardim
* Marat Descartes — Carlos Alberto
* Cristine Perón — Nara Leão
* Priscilla Rozenbaum — Ana
* Denise Weinberg — Amália
* Pablo Bellini — Miguel Azanza
* Melissa Vettore — Gabriela
* Simone Soares — Nina
* Beto Matos — Régis
* Caio Sóh — Guto (Augusto)
* Cristiane Carniato — Marlene
* Fátima Montenegro — Yvone
* Rogério Falabella — Andrea Matarazzo
* André Matarazzo — Jayme Monjardim (child)

## Ratings

| Episode # | Ratings | Reference |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Episode. 1** | 30 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 2** | 30 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 3** | 28 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 4** | 29 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 5** | 25 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 6** | 23 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 7** | 23 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 8** | 24 Rating |  |
| **Episode. 9** | 23 Rating |  |
|

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2009 | 37th International Emmy Awards | International Emmy Award for best TV movie or miniseries | Nominated |
| | São Paulo Association of Art Critics | Best Actress in a Television for Larissa Maciel | Won |
|

## International Exhibition

| Year | Country | Television network |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | Mozambique | STV |
| 2012 | Portugal | Globo Premium |

## InfoBox

| *Maysa: Quando Fala o Coração* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Created by | Manoel Carlos |
| Starring | Larissa Maciel
Eduardo Semerjian
Mateus Solano
Jayme Matarazzo |
| Country of origin | Brazil |
| Original language | Portuguese |
| No. of episodes | 9 |
| Original release | |
| Network | Rede Globo |
| Release | January 5 (2009-01-05)
January 16, 2009 (2009-01-16) |


title: Maysa Arena

abstract: Maysa Arena is a multi-purpose venue located in Minot, North Dakota. The name Maysa is an acronym for Minot Area Youth Skating Association, a group that proposed the construction of the three-rink arena in the 1990s. The $3.9 million arena on the Burdick Expressway was opened in October 2000. The arena is home to the Minot Minotauros of the North American Hockey League and the Minot State Beavers men's ice hockey of the American Collegiate Hockey Association. The arena added a third sheet of ice called Pepsi Rink which seats 1,800 with room for an additional 250 people. The plans had been developed since early 2012 before it finally was completed in November 2016. The expansion was estimated to cost between $5.5 million and $7 million but eventually ended up costing $10.9 million.

text:
# Maysa Arena

**Maysa Arena** is a multi-purpose venue located in Minot, North Dakota. The name Maysa is an acronym for Minot Area Youth Skating Association, a group that proposed the construction of the three-rink arena in the 1990s. The $3.9 million arena on the Burdick Expressway was opened in October 2000. The arena is home to the Minot Minotauros of the North American Hockey League and the Minot State Beavers men's ice hockey of the American Collegiate Hockey Association.

The arena added a third sheet of ice called Pepsi Rink which seats 1,800 with room for an additional 250 people. The plans had been developed since early 2012 before it finally was completed in November 2016. The expansion was estimated to cost between $5.5 million and $7 million but eventually ended up costing $10.9 million.

## InfoBox

MAYSA Arena
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | 2501 W Burdick Expy
Minot, ND 58701 |
| Coordinates | 48°13′09″N 101°19′51″W / 48.21917°N 101.33083°W / 48.21917; -101.33083 |
| Owner | Minot Park District Foundation |
| Operator | Minot Park District Foundation |
| Capacity | 1,800 |
| Surface | Multi-surface |
| Construction | |
| Broke ground | 1999 |
| Opened | October 2000 |
| Expanded | 2016 |
| Construction cost | 3.9 million
($6.9 million in 2023 dollars) |
| Architect | Torno, Nester & Davison, PC |
| General contractor | Rolac Contracting, Inc. |
| Tenants | |
| Minot State Beavers (ACHA) (2000present)
Minot Muskies (AWHL) (20002001)
Magic City Snowbears (IBA) (20002001)
Minot Minutemen (AAPBL) (2005)
Minot Minotauros (NAHL) (2011present) | |


title: Mays Landing Presbyterian Church

abstract: Mays Landing Presbyterian Church is a historic church built in 1841 and located at Main Street and Cape May Avenue in the Mays Landing section of Hamilton Township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. It was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) in 1938 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 20, 1982, for its significance in architecture and religion. The church was added as a contributing property to the Mays Landing Historic District in 1990.

text:
# Mays Landing Presbyterian Church

**Mays Landing Presbyterian Church** is a historic church built in 1841 and located at Main Street and Cape May Avenue in the Mays Landing section of Hamilton Township in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. It was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) in 1938 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 20, 1982, for its significance in architecture and religion. The church was added as a contributing property to the Mays Landing Historic District in 1990.

## History and description

The church is a brick building using Flemish bond and designed using Greek Revival architecture. The front portico features Doric columns. The land was donated to the church by Samuel Richards, who owned the Weymouth Iron Furnace. The Reverend Allen H. Brown served as pastor 1846–1854 and 1862–1872.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Mays Landing Presbyterian Church | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district<br>Contributing property | |
| New Jersey Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Main Street and Cape May Avenue, Mays Landing, New Jersey |
| Coordinates | 39°27′9″N 74°43′40″W / 39.45250°N 74.72778°W / 39.45250; -74.72778 |
| Built | 1841 (1841) |
| Architectural style | Vernacular Neo-Classical |
| Part of | Mays Landing Historic District (ID90001245) |
| NRHP reference No. | 82003261 |
| NJRHP No. | 339 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | April 20, 1982 |
| Designated CP | August 23, 1990 |
| Designated NJRHP | April 21, 1981 |


title: Fremont Historic Commercial District

abstract: The Fremont Historic Commercial District is a 8 acres (3.2 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. It is roughly bounded by 3rd, Military, Park and D Streets in Fremont, Nebraska. The district recognizes "an enclave of late 19th- and early 20th-century buildings which represent Fremont's role as a regional center of wholesale and retail commerce." It is an asymmetrical-shaped district which has parts of seven city blocks in the central business district of Fremont. The listing included 43 contributing buildings and 27 non-contributing ones.

text:
# Fremont Historic Commercial District

The **Fremont Historic Commercial District** is a 8 acres (3.2 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. It is roughly bounded by 3rd, Military, Park and D Streets in Fremont, Nebraska.

The district recognizes "an enclave of late 19th- and early 20th-century buildings which represent Fremont's role as a regional center of wholesale and retail commerce." It is an asymmetrical-shaped district which has parts of seven city blocks in the central business district of Fremont. The listing included 43 contributing buildings and 27 non-contributing ones.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Fremont Historic Commercial District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Roughly bounded by 3rd, Military, Park and D Sts., Fremont, Nebraska |
| Coordinates | 41°26′01″N 96°29′47″W / 41.43361°N 96.49639°W / 41.43361; -96.49639 |
| Area | 8 acres (3.2 ha) |
| Architect | Multiple |
| Architectural style | Late Victorian, Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Moderne |
| NRHP reference No. | 95000091 |
| Added to NRHP | February 17, 1995 |


title: Frederick Hotham

abstract: Frederick William Hotham was an English cricketer. He played first-class cricket in two matches, one in each of the 1882 and 1883 seasons. He was born at Bath, Somerset and died at Cricket Malherbie, also in Somerset. Hotham was a right-handed lower-order batsman. Nearly all of his cricket was played for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) or Hertfordshire and was not first-class. But in 1882 and 1883 he played without success in the MCC first-class matches against Somerset at Lord's, in 1882 turning out for Somerset, for which he was qualified by birth, but in 1883 playing against Somerset for the MCC side. He was pretty even-handed in his lack of success for the two teams, making 10 runs in two innings for Somerset and eight runs for MCC.

text:
# Frederick Hotham

**Frederick William Hotham** (17 January 1844 – 23 June 1908) was an English cricketer. He played first-class cricket in two matches, one in each of the 1882 and 1883 seasons. He was born at Bath, Somerset and died at Cricket Malherbie, also in Somerset.

Hotham was a right-handed lower-order batsman. Nearly all of his cricket was played for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) or Hertfordshire and was not first-class. But in 1882 and 1883 he played without success in the MCC first-class matches against Somerset at Lord's, in 1882 turning out for Somerset, for which he was qualified by birth, but in 1883 playing against Somerset for the MCC side. He was pretty even-handed in his lack of success for the two teams, making 10 runs in two innings for Somerset and eight runs (plus a catch) for MCC.


title: Free to Be Me

abstract: "Free to Be Me" was released as the second single from American Contemporary Christian music singer Francesca Battistelli's major label debut album, My Paper Heart, in January 2009. The song was certified Gold in the U.S. by the RIAA on April 21, 2014.

text:
# Free to Be Me

"**Free to Be Me**" was released as the second single from American Contemporary Christian music singer Francesca Battistelli's major label debut album, *My Paper Heart*, in January 2009. The song was certified Gold in the U.S. by the RIAA on April 21, 2014.

## Background

"Free to Be Me" was released in January 2009, although there has not been a specified date. The song has been compared to the works of fellow Christian music artist Sarah Kelly. It features a background of "thick" drums, bass, piano and electronic organ. Along with being featured on *My Paper Heart*, it has been featured on *WOW Hits 2010*, *Now That's What I Call Faith*, *WOW Number 1s: Yellow*, and *Wow: Six Decades of Hits*.

## Music Video

The official music video for "Free to Be Me" was released on December 16, 2009.

## Critical reception

John Fisher of *Cross Rhythms* said, "This young lady is not afraid to look at life's highs and lows from a very personal angle." Katie R. of *Teen Ink* stated that it was "easy to listen to and extremely uplifting". Rich Smith of *Louder Than The Music* called it a "stand out track".

## Awards

The song was nominated for three Dove Awards: "Song of the Year", "Short Form Music Video of the Year", and "Pop/Contemporary Recorded Song of the Year" at the 41st GMA Dove Awards, and won an award under the "Short Form Music Video of the Year" category.

## Personnel

* Francesca Battistelli – vocals
* Tim Lauer – keyboards
* Aaron Shannon – additional programming
* Mike Payne – guitars
* Tony Lucido – bass
* Scott Williamson – drums

## Charts

| Chart (2009) | Peak position |
| --- | --- |
| Hot Christian Songs | 1 |
| Bubbling Under Hot 100 | 17 |

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| --- | --- |
| Christian Digital | 17 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "Free to Be Me" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Francesca Battistelli | |
| from the album  *My Paper Heart* | |
| Released | January 2009 |
| Genre | CCM |
| Length | 3:28 |
| Label | Fervent Records |
| Songwriter(s) | Francesca Battistelli |
| Producer(s) | Ian Eskelin |
| Francesca Battistelli singles chronology | |
| "I'm Letting Go"
(2008) "**Free to Be Me**"
(2009) "It's Your Life"
(2009) | |


title: Free to Choose Network

abstract:
Free to Choose Network, sometimes referred to as Free to Choose Media, is a Pennsylvania nonprofit corporation headquartered in Erie, Pennsylvania. Free to Choose Network has three main initiatives:
  - Free to Choose Media, which produces television programs and videos making classical liberal economic and political ideas accessible to a popular audience
  - izzit.org, which produces media for K–12 audience, sometimes adapting public television broadcasts for public school use
  - The Idea Channel – specializing in video recording of conversations between scholars, including numerous Nobel Prize winners Free to Choose Network was founded by Bob Chitester. At the time of Free to Choose Network's founding, Chitester was the general manager of two public broadcasters in Erie, Pennsylvania: the PBS channel WQLN-TV and the NPR station WQLN-FM.

text:
# Free to Choose Network

**Free to Choose Network**, sometimes referred to as **Free to Choose Media**, is a Pennsylvania nonprofit corporation headquartered in Erie, Pennsylvania.

Free to Choose Network has three main initiatives:

* Free to Choose Media, which produces television programs and videos making classical liberal economic and political ideas accessible to a popular audience
* izzit.org, which produces media for K–12 audience, sometimes adapting public television broadcasts for public school use
* The Idea Channel – specializing in video recording of conversations between scholars, including numerous Nobel Prize winners

Free to Choose Network was founded by Bob Chitester. At the time of Free to Choose Network's founding, Chitester was the general manager of two public broadcasters in Erie, Pennsylvania: the PBS channel WQLN-TV and the NPR station WQLN-FM.

## History

The origins of the foundation lay in PBS's broadcast of *The Age of Uncertainty* (1975), a 13-part BBC series produced by Canadian-American liberal economist John Kenneth Galbraith. The chairman of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting was a classical liberal economist, W. Allen Wallis, who had met Chitester in 1975 when he participated in a symposium on "Technology and Society" arranged by Chitester in Erie and learned that Chitester shared his classical liberal economic views. They both believed that PBS should produce a classical liberal response to *The Age of Uncertainty*. Wallis therefore introduced Chitester to his friend Milton Friedman in early 1977 (shortly after Friedman won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences). As a result, Chitester raised the necessary funding and executive produced a 10-part PBS series entitled *Free to Choose*, which first aired in early 1980. Friedman also co-authored a book with his wife Rose Friedman based on the television series, also called *Free to Choose*. The book spent 5 weeks at the top of the *New York Times* Non-Fiction Best Sellers List in 1980.

It was in the context of producing the series that Chitester first organized Amagin, Inc., which ultimately became Free to Choose Network. Under the trademark Free to Choose Media it continues to produce media describing classical liberal economic ideas to a mass audience. Beginning in 1999, the network was licensed by ABC News to distribute John Stossel TV specials under the brand "Stossel in the Classroom". The license was cancelled in 2004.

## Current projects

The organization has produced a number of programs for public TV including: a biography of Milton Friedman, entitled *The Power of Choice –* *The Ultimate Resource* (named after the 1981 book *The Ultimate Resource* by Julian Lincoln Simon) – *Turmoil and Triumph* a biography of George Shultz – *The Power of the Poor,* hosted by Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto – *India Awakes*, hosted by Swedish scholar Johan Norberg – *The Real Adam Smith,* hosted by Johan Norberg, *"A More Or Less Perfect Union"* hosted by United States district court judge, Douglas H. Ginsburg*,* and most recently, *"Thomas Sowell: Common Sense in a Senseless World,"* hosted by Norberg.

The organization currently known as izzit.org was initially called In the Classroom Media. Izzit.org provides teachers with materials on current events and other topics for in-classroom use. Much of the Idea Channel archival footage now appears on YouTube.

## InfoBox

Free to Choose Network
|
|  |
| Founder | Bob Chitester |
| Headquarters | 2002 Filmore Avenue Erie, PA 16506 |
| President and CEO | Robert Chatfield |
| Senior Executive Producer | Thomas Skinner |
| Website | www.freetochoosenetwork.org |


title: Freebird Live

abstract: Freebird Live was a music venue located in Jacksonville Beach, Florida. They closed their doors with a final concert on January 21, 2016.

text:
# Freebird Live

**Freebird Live** (originally **Freebird Cafe**) was a music venue located in Jacksonville Beach, Florida. They closed their doors with a final concert on January 21, 2016.

## Overview

The venue opened on September 8, 1999, with a concert by The Charlie Daniels Band. The cafe featured Lynyrd Skynyrd memorabilia, food and recorded music.

In 2005, the owners considered moving the venue location to accommodate a larger capacity and attract bigger acts. Buildings in Atlantic Beach, Florida, and Jacksonville, Florida, were considered. However, the owners decided to renovate its current location in lieu of moving.

Jacksonville bands that played at Freebird Live include the Gregg Allman Band (d.2017) in 2002, Dickey Betts & Great Southern in 2002, Yellowcard in 2002, Shinedown in 2003, Red Jumpsuit Apparatus in 2004, and Cold in 2010. Florida bands that played at Freebird Live include most of the famous Florida bands in the 00s including: Gainesville's Sister Hazel in 2008, Less Than Jake in 2005, and Against Me! in 2007; Orlando's Trivium in 2009, Tremonti (guitarist for Creed) in 2015, and Blood on the Dance Floor in 2012; Underoath in 2005, The Almost in 2007, Mayday Parade in 2011, Anberlin in 2012, Copeland in 2006, We the Kings in 2011, Nonpoint in 2010, New Found Glory in 2010, and Iron & Wine in 2005.

The venue closed its doors permanently following a performance from Galactic on January 20, 2016. The building is now occupied by Surfer the Bar.

## Performances at Freebird Live

## InfoBox

Freebird Live
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Former names | Freebird Cafe (1999-2005) |
| Address | 200 1st St N
Jacksonville Beach, FL 32250 |
| Location | Downtown Jacksonville Beach |
| Coordinates | 30°17′26″N 81°23′24.5″W / 30.29056°N 81.390139°W / 30.29056; -81.390139 |
| Owner | Judy Van Zant-Jenness
Melody Van Zant |
| Seating type | Standing-room only |
| Capacity | 700 |
| Construction | |
| Opened | September 8, 1999 (1999-09-08) |
| Renovated | 2008 |
| Closed | January 21, 2016 |
| Website | |
| Venue Website | |


title: Ignatovtsi, Gabrovo Province

abstract: Ignatovtsi is a village in Dryanovo Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

text:
# Ignatovtsi, Gabrovo Province

**Ignatovtsi** is a village in Dryanovo Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

## InfoBox

| Ignatovtsi | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| IgnatovtsiLocation in Bulgaria | |
| Coordinates: 42°56′00″N 25°31′30″E / 42.93333°N 25.52500°E / 42.93333; 25.52500 | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Province | Gabrovo Province |
| Municipality | Dryanovo |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Mary Kay Stearns

abstract: Mary Katherine Stearns was an American actress best known for portraying the fictional version of herself on the sitcom Mary Kay and Johnny from 1947 until 1950.

text:
# Mary Kay Stearns

**Mary Katherine Stearns** (née **Jones**; October 27, 1925 – November 17, 2018) was an American actress best known for portraying the fictional version of herself on the sitcom *Mary Kay and Johnny* from 1947 until 1950.

## Career

Stearns's career began at the age of 2 and a half as an actress and singer at the Pasadena Playhouse in Pasadena, California. She also appeared in several films before going to Broadway.

In 1947, Stearns, who looked young for her age, was offered a job as a fashion model for an early home shopping television program. On the advice of her newlywed husband Johnny, who thought the idea to be weak, she refused; Johnny suggested to the broadcaster that she instead host a domestic sitcom with him. On November 18, the DuMont Television Network debuted a new show starring the two entitled *Mary Kay and Johnny*. The series had the Stearnses playing fictional versions of themselves. On the show the pair portrayed a newlywed couple, also named Mary Kay and Johnny Stearns, who were trying to make it in New York. Most of the episodes took place in an apartment complex in Greenwich Village, New York. Mary Kay's counterpart was an everyday, run-of-the-mill, zany housewife and Johnny's counterpart was a bank employee. The series moved from DuMont to NBC in 1948 then to CBS then back to NBC where it finished its run in March 1950.

*Mary Kay and Johnny* also achieved some firsts during its run. The series was the first sitcom to air on television, contrary to popular belief that *I Love Lucy* which premiered four years later was the first. It was also the first television series to feature a pregnancy, (the Stearnses' real life son Christopher), whose birth and character were written in the show in December 1948. It was also the first to feature a couple sharing a bed.

After the show ended, the Stearnses moved to California where Johnny pursued a career in production. Stearns did a nightly television series by herself entitled *Mary Kay's Nightcap* which aired on NBC during the 1951-52 television season. She also had guest star appearances on *Armstrong Circle Theatre* and *Kraft Television Theatre*. She and her husband also had a seven-year stint as the spokespeople for U.S. Steel. She later stated that she never was particularly fond of television and largely did those shows as a means to earn a paycheck while she tried to make it big on Broadway.

## Personal life

Stearns was married to actor and producer Johnny Stearns. They married in 1946 and she was widowed on December 16, 2001, when Johnny died at the age of 85. They had three children together; Christopher, Jonathan and Melinda. Stearns also has one grandson. She died in Newport Beach, California, on November 17, 2018, at the age of 93, with her death not reported until two months later.

## Filmography

## InfoBox

| Mary Kay Stearns | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Mary Katherine Jones
(1925-10-27)October 27, 1925
Glendale, California, U.S. |
| Died | November 17, 2018(2018-11-17) (aged 93)
Newport Beach, California, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1928–1952, 2002 |
| Spouse | Johnny Stearns  (m. 1946; died 2001) |


title: Suparna Baksi Ganguly

abstract: Suparna Baksi Ganguly is an Indian activist concerned with the treatment of animals and in particular elephants that are held captive. She was given the highest award for women in India, the Nari Shakti Puraskar in 2016.

text:
# Suparna Baksi Ganguly

**Suparna Baksi Ganguly** is an Indian activist concerned with the treatment of animals and in particular elephants that are held captive. She was given the highest award for women in India, the Nari Shakti Puraskar in 2016.

## Life

In 1991 she was one of the founders of the *Compassion Unlimited Plus Action* (CUPA), founded in Bengaluru (Bangalore). She became a trustee and CUPA's secretary. That organisation was operating four centres that rescue and rehabilitate monkeys, snakes, birds and other wildlife.

In 1999 she co-founded the *Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center* (WRRC) and became its honorary president.

Ganguly had served on India's Task Force on Elephants in 2013. Elephants are under threat in India, but they are more common in India. However Ganguly notes that this includes about 4,000 animals who are held in captivity and "almost all" have been illegally trafficked. Many are involved in entertaining tourists where elephants take part in tugs of war, football matches or are painted. Ganguly notes that elephants have a special place in the affection of the people of India.

In March 2016 Ganguly went to New Delhi, where she was awarded the highest award for women in India, the Nari Shakti Puraskar. The awards were made by President Pranab Mukherjee at the presidential palace (Rashtrapati Bhav). The Ministry for Women and Child Development had organised the event and the WCD Minister Maneka Gandhi was present and she identified every winner as the "Woman Power" award as an inspiration.

In 2016 the WRRC petitioned the Supreme Court of India to rule that keeping elephants captive was illegal.

In 2019 she was commenting when the traditional Rajasthan festival where elephants are painted to take part in competitions to judge the best one. The festival was shut down. Photographs of the painted evidence had caused an outcry by animal rights activists. Some defended the painting on the grounds that it was a tradition, but she replied that animal rights was more important than tradition.

## InfoBox

| Suparna Baksi Ganguly | |
| --- | --- |
| Ganguly in 2016 | |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Occupation(s) | Environmentalist, animal activist |
| Known for | Nari Shakti Puraskar award |


title: Tongra

abstract: Tongra is a village in the Ranishwar CD block in the Dumka Sadar subdivision of the Dumka district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

text:
# Tongra

**Tongra** is a village in the Ranishwar CD block in the Dumka Sadar subdivision of the Dumka district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

## Geography

15km
10milesBIH A RWES T  BENGAL Mayurakshi River Ajay River Barakar River Massanjore
DamD RasikpurCT Purana
DumkaCT DudhaniCT KarmatanrCT MihijamM JamtaraM BasukinathM DumkaM MadhupurM JasidihM DeogharM NarayanpurR NalaR KundahitR FatehpurR BindapatharR BasudihR BagdahariR TongraR TaljhariR ShikariparaR SaraiyahatR RanishwarR RamgarhR MasaliaR MalutiR KathikundR JarmundiR JamaR HansdihaR GopikandarR SarwanR SarathR PalojoriR MohanpurR MargomundaR KaronR DevipurR  SonaraithariR  ChitraR**Cities, towns and locations in the Deoghar, Dumka and Jamtara districts in Santhal Pargana Division**
M: Municipality, CT: census town, R: Rural/ Urban centre, D: Dam,
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly

### Location

Tongra is located at 24°02′57″N 87°15′34″E / 24.049131°N 87.259422°E / 24.049131; 87.259422.

### Overview

The map shows a large area, which is a plateau with low hills, except in the eastern portion where the Rajmahal hills intrude into this area and the Ramgarh hills are there. The south-western portion is just a rolling upland. The area is overwhelmingly rural with only small pockets of urbanisation.

Note: The full screen map is interesting. All places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map and one can easily move on to another page of his/her choice. Enlarge the full screen map to see what else is there – one gets railway connections, many more road connections and so on.

### Area

Tongra has an area of 443.51 hectares (1,095.9 acres).

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Tongra had a population of 989, of which 476 (48%) were males and 513 (52%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 116. The total number of literate persons in Tongra was 873 (54.64% of the population over 6 years).

## Civic administration

### Police station

There is a police station at Tongra.

## Education

Government Middle School Tongra is a Hindi-medium coeducational institution established in 1975. It has facilities for teaching from class I to class VIII.

## InfoBox

| Tongra | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| TongraLocation in Jharkhand, IndiaTongraTongra (India) | |
| Coordinates: 24°02′57″N 87°15′34″E / 24.049131°N 87.259422°E / 24.049131; 87.259422 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Jharkhand |
| District | Dumka |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 989 |
| Languages (\*For language details see Ranishwar#Language and religion) | |
| Official | Hindi, Urdu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 814148 |
| Telephone/ STD code | 06434 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Dumka |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Shikaripara |
| Website | dumka.nic.in |


title: Villafalletto

abstract: Villafalletto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Cuneo. Villafalletto borders the following municipalities: Busca, Centallo, Costigliole Saluzzo, Fossano, Savigliano, Tarantasca, Verzuolo, and Vottignasco. It is located on the right bank of the Maira. Villafalletto is the birthplace of anarchist Bartolomeo Vanzetti, executed with Nicola Sacco in 1927 following a controversial American trial.

text:
# Villafalletto

**Villafalletto** is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Cuneo.

Villafalletto borders the following municipalities: Busca, Centallo, Costigliole Saluzzo, Fossano, Savigliano, Tarantasca, Verzuolo, and Vottignasco. It is located on the right bank of the Maira.

Villafalletto is the birthplace of anarchist Bartolomeo Vanzetti, executed with Nicola Sacco in 1927 following a controversial American trial.

## Twin towns

## InfoBox

| Villafalletto | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Villafalletto | |
| A view of the town | |
|  | |
| Location of Villafalletto | |
| VillafallettoLocation of Villafalletto in ItalyVillafallettoVillafalletto (Piedmont) | |
| Coordinates: 44°33′N 7°32′E / 44.550°N 7.533°E / 44.550; 7.533 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Piedmont |
| Province | Cuneo (CN) |
| *Frazioni* | Gerbola, Prà, Presidenta, Termine |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Giuseppe Sarcinelli |
| Area | |
| Total | 29.73 km2 (11.48 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 431 m (1,414 ft) |
| Population (1 January 2021) | |
| Total | 2,876 |
| Density | 97/km2 (250/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Villafallettese(i) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 12020 |
| Dialing code | 0171 |
| Website | Official website |


title: The False Madonna

abstract: The False Madonna is a 1931 American drama film directed by Stuart Walker, and written by May Edginton, Ray Harris, and Arthur Kober. The film stars Kay Francis, William "Stage" Boyd, Conway Tearle, John Breeden, Marjorie Gateson, and Charles D. Brown. The film was released on December 5, 1931, by Paramount Pictures.

text:
# The False Madonna

***The False Madonna*** is a 1931 American drama film directed by Stuart Walker, and written by May Edginton, Ray Harris, and Arthur Kober. The film stars Kay Francis, William "Stage" Boyd, Conway Tearle, John Breeden, Marjorie Gateson, and Charles D. Brown. The film was released on December 5, 1931, by Paramount Pictures.

## Plot

In a heavy rainy night 2 couples -Dr. Ed Marcy, Tina, Rose and Peter Angel - are brought to the station by a hotel bus. Alone in the cabin, they argue with the one of them, who cheated at cards and whom to blame, that they were thrown out of the hotel. Sometime later the train conductor calls on Dr. Ed Marcy because a woman is seriously ill. Marcy refuses first, saying he didn't practice since long, but as the train conductor insists he goes to the cabin of the lady. He finds out, that she was going to see her son Philipp Bellows in New York, whom she hadn't seen for fourteen years and who inherited $10,000,000 from her estranged ex-husband. The woman dies in the train and Marcy takes her photographs and a necklace and convinces Tina to impersonate Philipps mother. Tina who has been longing an opportunity to quit the gang accepts. She meets Philipp at his Long Island New York estate, where he lives with his guardianship Grant Arnold and the nurse Alice. She soon finds out that he is blind due to an airplane crash two years before. He doesn't realize that she is an impostor and asks her to stay. She gets acquainted to Philipp and develops motherly feelings for Philipp and in general she's touched and moved by the affection of Philipp.

Philipp on his part is worried about leaving her something when he dies, knowing that through his will only an aunt will inherit. So he asks Grant to give her a cheque about $50.000 so that she can live better, but Grant tears up the cheque, as he knows about her. But he doesn't say anything to Philipp, as he knows how sick he is, and he'll soon have to die. So he warns Tina to avoid Philipp too much stress. Meantime Marcy is coming to the house to oblige Tina to do something, but in that night Philipp dies.

As Marcy appears the next day demanding money, Grant tells Marcy that he has called the police, and informs him that he found out that Marcy was disbarred from practicing medicine and is wanted by the police. Marcy escapes and Tina is relieved to have that part of her life over, now that she has learned the joy of giving. Grant offers her a home with him and she accepts with an embrace.

## Cast

Rest of cast listed alphabetically:

## InfoBox

| The False Madonna | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Stuart Walker |
| Screenplay by | May Edginton
Ray Harris
Arthur Kober |
| Starring | Kay Francis
William "Stage" Boyd
Conway Tearle
John Breeden
Marjorie Gateson
Charles D. Brown |
| Cinematography | Henry Sharp |
| Music by | W. Franke Harling
John Leipold |
| Production
company | Paramount Pictures |
| Distributed by | Paramount Pictures |
| Release date | * December 5, 1931 (1931-12-05) |
| Running time | 70 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Pachyurinus

abstract: Pachyurinus is a genus of beetles which belong to the family Belidae.

text:
# Pachyurinus

***Pachyurinus*** is a genus of beetles which belong to the family Belidae.

## InfoBox

| *Pachyurinus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Pachyurinus sticticus* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Belidae |
| Subfamily: | Belinae |
| Genus: | ***Pachyurinus*** |
|