title: Murder of Chong Kin Meng

abstract: On 31 October 1983, a 66-year-old woman named Chong Kin Meng was found murdered inside her Clementi flat by her foster son's wife. The police investigated and they managed to arrest a suspect for her murder a month later. The 23-year-old suspect, Teo Boon Ann, was found to have entered the flat under the pretense of providing Chong's foster son a wedding invitation card and a gift in his father's name, before he proceeded to kill her during a robbery attempt. Although Teo claimed during his murder trial that he killed Chong in self-defense since she attacked him with a knife, the forensic evidence and Teo's girlfriend's testimony of him trying to rope her in to commit the robbery and murder of Chong was overwhelmingly against Teo's own claims, and it resulted in the trial court finding him guilty of having brutally attacked and killed the victim with the clear intent to cause her death, resulting in Teo being convicted of murder and given the death penalty in 1987, and he was eventually hanged on 20 April 1990.

text:
# Murder of Chong Kin Meng

On 31 October 1983, a 66-year-old woman named **Chong Kin Meng** (钟剑明 Zhōng Jiànmíng) was found murdered inside her Clementi flat by her foster son's wife. The police investigated and they managed to arrest a suspect for her murder a month later. The 23-year-old suspect, **Teo Boon Ann** (张文安 Zhāng Wénān), was found to have entered the flat under the pretense of providing Chong's foster son a wedding invitation card and a gift in his father's name, before he proceeded to kill her during a robbery attempt.

Although Teo claimed during his murder trial that he killed Chong in self-defense since she attacked him with a knife, the forensic evidence and Teo's girlfriend's testimony of him trying to rope her in to commit the robbery and murder of Chong was overwhelmingly against Teo's own claims, and it resulted in the trial court finding him guilty of having brutally attacked and killed the victim with the clear intent to cause her death, resulting in Teo being convicted of murder and given the death penalty in 1987, and he was eventually hanged on 20 April 1990.

## Murder and arrest

On the evening of 31 October 1983, 25-year-old Ong Chin Choo (王珍珠 Wáng Zhēnzhū), a factory worker, returned home from work when she discovered the dead body of her 66-year-old foster mother-in-law Chong Kin Meng inside the living room, with extensive injuries and bruises on her neck, head and arms. According to Ong and her 35-year-old husband Woo Swee Cheong (胡瑞祥 Hú Ruìxiáng), Chong's foster son who worked as an odd-job labourer, Chong was last seen alive at home at 8.30 am when the couple went out for work. Chong and the couple had lived together for five years as of the time she was killed, and she was known to lead a quiet life and kept to herself, and did not have enemies.

The police classified the case as murder. A search in the flat led to the discovery of a wedding invitation card, in which it wrote the address of Chong's flat, but it was addressed to someone else. There were also no signs of forced entry into the flat and no signs of any valuables missing. The person addressed in the card was a 51-year-old hawker named Teo Liang Heng (张连兴 Zháng Liánxīng or 张良兴 Zháng Liángxīng), who later denied during police questioning that he was involved in the murder. While the police was in the course of investigating Chong's murder, Teo Liang Heng sought the help of his 23-year-old son, Teo Boon Ann, a part-time temple medium, to find the identity of the killer using rituals, so as to clear his name. In front of his father, and Chong's foster son and daughter-in-law, Teo went into a trance, speaking and acting like Chong, who told Woo that she was wronged and asked her son to seek revenge. The killer was described as someone with a tiger tattoo on his hand and wore a gold watch. In his trance, Teo even drew a layout of the living room where Chong was killed, and told Woo that a phone call would come in seven days to reveal the identity of the killer.

However, Teo's actions drew suspicion from the police over how he was able to exactly describe the way how Chong died and drew the exact same layout of the flat. Teo was later arrested for another unrelated offence, and he subsequently was questioned for the murder inquiry of Chong's case. Later, Teo confessed his involvement in the crime, and he was charged with murder on 11 November 1983. Teo's handwriting and fingerprints were matched to the ones found on the wedding card invitation, further linking him to the crime. The case was later transferred to the High Court in February 1984 for trial hearing on a later date.

## Trial hearing

### Teo's defence

On 19 January 1987, 26-year-old Teo Boon Ann stood trial for the murder of 66-year-old Chong Kin Meng. He was represented by J. S. Khosa during the trial while the trial prosecutor was Ho Meng Hee. The two trial judges presiding Teo's trial were Justice Punch Coomaraswamy and Judicial Commissioner Chan Sek Keong.

In his trial defence, Teo claimed that he killed Teo in self-defence. He testified that on the day itself, he wanted to go rob the old woman, and entered her home under the pretense of passing to Chong a wedding invitation card for her foster son and some cakes. In fact, Teo had gone there on previous occasions to deliver religious goods to Chong. After Chong invited Teo inside her flat, Teo took the chance to ransack the flat while the elderly woman was not looking, but soon enough, Teo, who could not find any money, was caught in the act by Chong, who tried to reach a telephone to call the police but was stopped by Teo. Just when Teo went to the kitchen to retrieve the wedding card, he claimed Chong picked up a knife to attack him, and he was forced to grope at her neck to strangle her, but quickly let go after Chong said she cannot breathe. Then later, Chong once again tried to brandish the knife to charge at him, and Teo thus picked up a wooden stool to hurl at Chong, who got hit on the head and fell unconscious. Teo, who said he was full of panic and fear at that time, quickly left the flat after snatching the five-dollar note that laid next to the telephone. Overall, Teo denied killing Chong intentionally.

Teo's lawyer Khosa also took to argue that Teo should be convicted of a lower charge of culpable homicide not amounting to murder, since it was a killing committed in a heat of a fight and out of self-defence by Teo who was under attack from Chong, who posed a threat to him. He also pointed out that Teo choked Chong for only a short time before letting go of her, and it showed that Teo never intended to kill Chong.

### Prosecution's arguments and evidence

Earlier on during the trial however, Professor Chao Tzee Cheng, the senior forensic pathologist who examined Chong's corpse, testified that according to his autopsy findings, he did not believe Teo killed Chong out of self-defence. He testified that there were extensive bruises on Chong's neck, arms and head, and that there were fractures to her ribs and thyroid cartilage, which resulted from Chong's death by strangulation. Professor Chao explained that the fractures and bruises on the neck could only be caused by strangulation with great force for a prolonged period of time, the rib fractures were due to someone sitting on top of her during the strangulation, and the head injuries were a result of Teo intentionally using the stool to violently hit at her head multiple times and with great force.

Professor Chao also pointed out that compared to a younger man like Teo and his lack of injuries, Chong, who was an old, helpless and frail woman, suffered from multiple injuries to her head and neck, as well as defensive injuries on her arms, which further proved that Chong definitely was not threatening enough for Teo to fear for his life and inflicted such brutal injuries on her, and it could only mean that Teo had in fact, taken undue advantage during the offence and also intended to murder Chong, and it was not out of self-defence.

Furthermore, Teo's 23-year-old girlfriend Tan Chai Mui came to court to testify that Teo had telephoned her, asking her to join him in a robbery plan, and also reminded her that they must kill Chong should there be the necessity to do so. Although Tan did not agree to join Teo in the killing, she had recorded that particular telephone conversation inside her diary and showed it to the court. Aside from this, it was further revealed that Teo had spoken to Tan on the phone under three different aliases, introducing himself as Richard Teo Min Hua, Ah Seng and Sunny, to talk about Teo's financial problems and persuaded Tan to lend Teo S$2,000 in cash and jewellery to help settle his debts, and Tan only physically met Teo while he was pretending to be Richard Teo, without recognizing him as Ah Seng or Sunny despite knowing his real name was Teo Boon Ann, given that Teo was able to make three different voices by mimicry to pose himself as three different persons when conversing with Tan on the phone. It led to her dating Teo, without the knowledge that Teo was already married and Teo's wife Low Bee Lay had also warned Tan about her boyfriend's real identity.

Based on the forensic evidence and Tan's testimony, the trial prosecutor Ho Meng Hee argued that Teo clearly had the premeditation and intention to commit murder when he entered Chong's flat with the intention to rob her. He also stated that there was utter brutality displayed by Teo during the "cruel and deliberate" attack he unleashed upon the elderly woman, who suffered extensive injuries. Ho also pointed out that the harm caused by Teo was excessive compared to the expected degree of harm caused by self-defence, and under the law, Teo himself did not deserve to claim a right to self-defence since he was clearly the aggressor when he entered Chong's home with the intent to rob and kill her. Ho also pointed out that based on Teo's behaviour, composure and conduct after the killing, it was clear that Teo displayed an utter lack of remorse and depraved of his conscience for his atrocity. As such, Ho argued in summary that the case of Chong's death was one of premeditated murder and urged the court to reject Teo's defences and convict him as charged.

## Verdict and appeal

On 3 February 1987, the trial judges - Justice Punch Coomaraswamy and Judicial Commissioner Chan Sek Keong \- issued their written verdict.

Justice Coomaraswamy, who read out the verdict in court, stated that the judges did not believe that Teo had killed Chong in self-defence. They were of the opinion that Teo had raised the wooden stool to hit Chong on the head repeatedly with violence and considerable force. Justice Coomaraswamy also pointed out that the victim was physically no match for Teo given her advanced age and Teo's larger, stronger physical attributes, hence there was no point for her to put herself in danger by attacking Teo. They also stated that even if Chong really did attack Teo with a knife, the harm he caused in retaliation was overly out of proportion compared to the type of harm expected when inflicted in self-defence, and it could only be seen as cruelty in the eyes of the court. Furthermore, the judges determined that Teo committed the offence of intentional murder to ensure that Chong would not identify him as a witness and therefore caused Chong's death in such a callous and ruthless manner.

As such, the two judges found 26-year-old Teo Boon Ann guilty of murder, and awarded a death sentence to Teo. Under Singapore law, the death penalty was mandatory for murder and would be carried out by hanging if not commuted. Teo was reportedly emotionless when he was sentenced to death, and there was no visible reaction from Teo's family and former girlfriend Tan, who were all present in court to hear the verdict. Teo was reportedly the first person to receive the death penalty in the year 1987 itself, after the previous year of 1986 when two death sentences were imposed to two people (including a woman), one for murder and another for drug trafficking.

On 15 August 1988, 28-year-old Teo Boon Ann lost his appeal against the death sentence and murder conviction, after the Court of Appeal's three judges upheld that the trial court had correctly rejected Teo's claims of self-defence since Teo had indeed cruelly killed Chong and caused excessive harm to the victim.

## Execution

On 20 April 1990, 30-year-old Teo Boon Ann was put to death at Changi Prison for killing 66-year-old Chong Kin Meng. Around ten days after Teo's hanging, the Singapore Prison Service confirmed to the press that Teo's sentence had been carried out on that date itself at dawn, as per the death warrant issued for Teo. The case of Chong's murder was also mentioned to be the first case where police deployed a new fingerprint technology to identify the suspect behind Chong's murder and enable the successful prosecution of Teo for murder.

## Aftermath

In 1991, Singaporean crime show *Crimewatch* re-enacted the case of Chong's murder, and aired it on television.

The case went on to become one of the cases notably solved by senior forensic pathologist Chao Tzee Cheng, and he recorded inside his book *Murder Is My Business*, which recorded the memorable cases he solved during his career. In light of Professor Chao's death in 2000, the case of Chong Kin Meng's murder was recalled once again in the newspapers as one of the significant cases solved by him.

In 2015, the murder case was dramatized in *Whispers of the Dead*, a Singapore crime show which covers the former cases taken by Professor Chao. Inside the episode, for dramatic purposes and privacy, the killer Teo Boon Ann's name was changed to Kuek Ah Heng, and the victim Chong Kin Meng's name was changed to Tay Choon Lup as well.

## InfoBox

| Chong Kin Meng | |
| --- | --- |
| Chong Kin Meng, the 66-year-old murder victim | |
| Born | Chong Kin Meng
1917 (1917)
Singapore |
| Died | 31 October 1983 (aged 66)
Clementi, Singapore |
| Cause of death | Murdered by strangulation |
| Nationality | Singaporean |
| Other names | Chang Xin Meng |
| Known for | Murder victim |
| Children | Woo Swee Cheong (foster son) |


title: Murder of Chrissie Venn

abstract: Chrissie Clare Venn was a 13-year-old Australian girl whose murder outside the village of North Motton near Ulverstone, Tasmania, remains unsolved.

text:
# Murder of Chrissie Venn

**Chrissie Clare Venn** (25 July 1907 – 26 February 1921) was a 13-year-old Australian girl whose murder outside the village of North Motton near Ulverstone, Tasmania, remains unsolved.

## The murder

Venn was the daughter of George Arthur and Eva May (née Chilcott) Venn.

Most sources state – and it is generally accepted – that at approximately 5 p.m. on 20 February 1921, Venn left the family home on Allison Road to run some errands in the village of North Motton – a distance of approximately three miles – and never returned home. A search was mounted but it was not until the morning of March 1 that her mutilated body was found in a hollow tree stump located close to the road where she would have travelled as she walked to North Motton.

Another source gives differing details: The murder purportedly occurred on 26 February 1921. The body was not mutilated and Venn had either been suffocated or strangled. George William King was tried for the crime in a trial that commenced on 2 August 1921. The trial had been moved from the North West Coast of Tasmania to Hobart, the first change of venue ever requested and approved for a trial in Tasmania. George William King was defended by Albert Ogilvie, who went on to become Premier of Tasmania. King was acquitted of the murder.

## George William King

King had been a member of the search party. He became a suspect in Venn's murder due to marks on his hands that he ascribed to an accident during the search for Venn. King, a 35-year-old former miner and policeman, was arrested on 8 March and charged with her murder. King's trial started in Hobart during June and on 11 August he was acquitted.

## Burial and ghost

Venn was interred at the North Motton Methodist Cemetery. Her ghost is claimed to haunt the area of her murder.

### Bibliography

* Smith, Noel, Smith, Lucy. (2000). *Chrissie Venn: Suffer Little Children*. Tasmania: Nemesis Publications. ISBN 0957813902.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

## InfoBox

| Chrissie Venn | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Chrissie Clare Venn
(1907-07-25)25 July 1907 |
| Died | 26 February 1921 (aged 13)
North Motton near Ulverstone, Tasmania, Australia |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Known for | Murder victim |
| Parents | * George Arthur Venn (father) * Eva May Venn (mother) |


title: Fairfield Inn (Fairfield, Pennsylvania)

abstract: Fairfield Inn, also known as The Mansion House, is a historic inn and tavern in Fairfield, Adams County, Pennsylvania.

text:
# Fairfield Inn (Fairfield, Pennsylvania)

**Fairfield Inn**, also known as The Mansion House, is a historic inn and tavern in Fairfield, Adams County, Pennsylvania.

## Architecture

Fairfield Inn is a 3 1/2-story, stone structure with a gable roof. It features a three-story Victorian Gothic-style porch.

## History

The tavern property was part of a larger tract of land of 247 acres that was conveyed on December 19, 1755 to John Miller by Charles Carroll of Maryland. Tax records from the Adams County Historical Society indicate that the oldest section of the Fairfield Inn dates to the late 1760s. During the Civil War period, the tavern was operated by Peter Shively, who filed a claim for damages done to his property by the Confederate Army after the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863. These losses included lard, oats, corn, whiskey, brandy, win, gin, and rum. The damages totaled $278.

The Fairfield Inn was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 2, 1973. It is located in the Fairfield Historic District. In August 2007, Governor Ed Rendell personally delivered and presented to the Innkeepers, the Chandon family, the House of Representatives Citation 'celebrating 250 consecutive years in business' reaffirming the longevity and distinction The Fairfield Inn played in the area's history - attested by PA House Representative Daniel Moul and Speaker of the House, Dennis M. O'Brien.

See research by Timothy H. Smith in *Adams County History*, Volume 19, 2013, Published by the Adams County Historical Society.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Fairfield Inn | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Fairfield Inn, April 2011 | |
|  | |
| Location | 15 W Main St., Fairfield, Pennsylvania |
| Coordinates | 39°47′13.2″N 77°22′10.7″W / 39.787000°N 77.369639°W / 39.787000; -77.369639 |
| Area | 1 acre (0.40 ha) |
| Built | 1787-1789 (the oldest portion) |
| Architectural style | Gothic |
| NRHP reference No. | 73001583 |
| Added to NRHP | April 2, 1973 |


title: Fairfield Institute

abstract: Fairfield Institute was a school for African Americans in Winnsboro, South Carolina in Fairfield County, South Carolina. Kelly Miller attended the school. It opened in 1869. Rev. Willard Richardson served as principal. It was closed and sold as part of a consolidation with nearby Brainerd Institute in Chester, South Carolina in 1888. Joseph Winthrop Holley attended the school, originally known as Willard Richardson School, until Richardson and his family returned to New Jersey. The school’s enrollment reached about 100. Supported by the Presbyterian Church, the school was succeeded by a school established by Rev. J. C. Watkins. Enrollment reached 354 students. Brainerd Institute was within 20 miles. The school trained teachers and "workers for Africa" to go on missions. Richardson was also in charge of several churches. It was a religious school and agricultural pursuits were taught.

text:
# Fairfield Institute

**Fairfield Institute**  was a school for African Americans in Winnsboro, South Carolina in Fairfield County, South Carolina. Kelly Miller attended the school. It opened in 1869. Rev. Willard Richardson served as principal. It was closed and sold as part of a consolidation with nearby Brainerd Institute in Chester, South Carolina in 1888. Joseph Winthrop Holley attended the school, originally known as Willard Richardson School, until Richardson and his family returned to New Jersey. The school’s enrollment reached about 100.

Supported by the Presbyterian Church, the school was succeeded by a school established by Rev. J. C. Watkins.

Enrollment reached 354 students. Brainerd Institute was within 20 miles.

The school trained teachers and "workers for Africa" to go on missions. Richardson was also in charge of several churches. It was a religious school and agricultural pursuits were taught.


title: Fairfield House, Nelson

abstract: Fairfield House in 48 Van Diemen Street, Nelson, New Zealand, is registered with Heritage New Zealand as a Category I structure. Originally built in 1849, today's house was constructed as a residence for Arthur Atkinson in 1872. It was at some stage owned by the Nelson College for Girls, who used it as a boarding house. After the 1929 Murchison earthquake, boarders from Nelson College also moved in, as their hostel got damaged. The house was given to Nelson City Council in 1979 and was threatened with demolition. A community group formed that had the objective of saving the house. Alan Stanton moved into the derelict building as a squatter and started restoring it. Today, it is a community centre. Atkinson, who was the brother of Premier Harry Atkinson, had an observation tower built onto the house in 1883, as his hobby was astronomy. He was tasked by the Royal Society to observe the transit of Venus in 1882. The tower had at one point been demolished, but a replica has since been built.

text:
# Fairfield House, Nelson

**Fairfield House** in 48 Van Diemen Street, Nelson, New Zealand, is registered with Heritage New Zealand as a Category I structure. Originally built in 1849, today's house was constructed as a residence for Arthur Atkinson in 1872. It was at some stage owned by the Nelson College for Girls, who used it as a boarding house. After the 1929 Murchison earthquake, boarders from Nelson College also moved in, as their hostel got damaged. The house was given to Nelson City Council in 1979 and was threatened with demolition. A community group formed that had the objective of saving the house. Alan Stanton moved into the derelict building as a squatter and started restoring it. Today, it is a community centre.

Atkinson, who was the brother of Premier Harry Atkinson, had an observation tower built onto the house in 1883, as his hobby was astronomy. He was tasked by the Royal Society to observe the transit of Venus in 1882. The tower had at one point been demolished, but a replica has since been built.

41°17′02″S 173°17′00″E / 41.283894°S 173.283463°E / -41.283894; 173.283463


title: Fairmont Railway Motors

abstract:
In 1909 Frank E. Wade founded Fairmont Railway Motors of Fairmont, Minnesota, was a manufacturer of rail vehicles formed from the Fairmont Machine Company. In 1928 the company acquired Mudge and Company and in 1955, the railcar interests of the Fairbanks-Morse company. Fairmont merged with Harsco Corporation in 1979 to become part of Harsco Track Technologies. Fairmont products included:
  - internal combustion engines such as the PHB and QB models
  - maintenance of way vehicles such as speeders, small derrick cars,
  - small shipping vehicles such as combination platform cars, etc.

text:
# Fairmont Railway Motors

In 1909 Frank E. Wade founded **Fairmont Railway Motors** of Fairmont, Minnesota (renamed the **Fairmont Gas Engine and Railway Motor Car Company** in 1915), was a manufacturer of rail vehicles formed from the Fairmont Machine Company. In 1928 the company acquired Mudge and Company and in 1955, the railcar interests of the Fairbanks-Morse company (which had purchased the Sheffield company in the 1920s). Fairmont merged with Harsco Corporation in 1979 to become part of Harsco Track Technologies (Harsco Rail in 2009). Fairmont products included:

* internal combustion engines such as the PHB and QB models
* maintenance of way vehicles such as speeders, small derrick cars,
* small shipping vehicles such as combination platform cars, etc.

| External media | |
| --- | --- |
| Images | |
| platform car at the Denver Federal Center museum | |
| image of plant buildings | |
| Video | |
| Wooden motorcar with 2-stroke engine | |

## InfoBox

Fairmont Railway Motors
| Industry | rail transport |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1909 (1909) in Fairmont, Minnesota, United States |
| Founder | Frank E. Wade |
| Defunct | 1979 (1979) |
| Successor | Harsco Track Technologies |
| Products | railway speeders |


title: Fairmont Singapore

abstract: Fairmont Singapore is the sister hotel located within the Raffles City complex in Singapore. It has a total of 778 rooms and suites housed within two 26-storey towers.

text:
# Fairmont Singapore

**Fairmont Singapore** (Chinese: 费尔蒙特酒店) is the sister hotel located within the Raffles City complex in Singapore. It has a total of 778 rooms and suites housed within two 26-storey towers.

## History

**The Westin Plaza** opened in October 1986, as part of the Raffles City complex, which also included a shopping mall, a convention center, an office tower and an adjoining sister hotel, The Westin Stamford. At the conclusion of Westin's 15-year management contract with Raffles Holdings, the hotels were both renamed on 1 January 2002, with The Westin Plaza becoming **Raffles The Plaza** and The Westin Stamford becoming Swissôtel The Stamford. Raffles The Plaza was renamed again on 12 December 2007, becoming the **Fairmont Singapore**. In September 2019, Fairmont Singapore completed a renovation of the South Tower.

## Aquaponics Farm

Together with Swissotel The Stamford, Fairmont Singapore set up a 450 sq m rooftop aquaponics farm in 2019 where fish and plants are grown together in a closed system. The farm is expected to grow 30% of all vegetables required across the 2 hotels.

## Awards

Some of the accolades Fairmont Singapore has received include:

* Singapore's Leading Conference Hotel 2019 (World Travel Awards 2019)
* Awarded the Friend of the Arts award (The Patron of the Arts 2019 Awards)
* Top 5 City Hotels in Singapore (Travel + Leisure's World's Best Awards 2019)
* Singapore's Leading Conference Hotel (World Travel Awards 2018)
* Top 25 Hotels in Singapore (TripAdvisor's Travellers' Choice Awards 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016)
* Four-Star Rating (FORBES Travel Guide 2018, 2015, 2014)
* Best Wedding Venue (Singapore Tatler's Best of Singapore 2017)
* BCA Green Mark Award 2017 (Gold) for Raffles City Convention Centre
* Certificate of Excellence Hall of Fame (Five-Time Winner, TripAdvisor 2015)
* Best in Stay Award (Orbitz Worldwide 2015)
* Top 10 Hotels in Singapore (Condé Nast Travellers Reader's Choice Award 2015)

## InfoBox

| Fairmont Singapore
费尔蒙特酒店 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Former names | Raffles The Plaza (莱佛士大厦) |
| Alternative names | The Westin Plaza |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Hotel |
| Architectural style | High-rise |
| Location | 80 Bras Basah Road, Singapore 189560 |
| Coordinates | 1°17′39.0″N 103°51′12.9″E / 1.294167°N 103.853583°E / 1.294167; 103.853583 |
| Construction started | 1980 (1980) |
| Completed | 1985 (1985) |
| Opening | 1986 (1986) |
| Owner | CapitaCommercial Trust and CapitaMall Trust |
| Management | Accor |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 26 |
| Lifts/elevators | 10 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | I. M. Pei with
Architects 61 |
| Developer | Tincel Properties |
| Main contractor | SsangYong Group |
| Other information | |
| Number of rooms | 778 |
| Number of restaurants | 6 |
| Website | |
| fairmont.com/singapore | |


title: The Diving Belle

abstract: The Diving Belle is the debut album from Turkish/Macedonian-born singer Sibel. The album was released 12 March 2008 and reached number nine on the Swedish album charts. The album includes the single "That Is Where I'll Go", written by Christian Antblad, Sibel's entry to Melodifestivalen 2008.

text:
# The Diving Belle

**The Diving Belle** is the debut album from Turkish/Macedonian-born singer Sibel. The album was released 12 March 2008 and reached number nine on the Swedish album charts. The album includes the single "That Is Where I'll Go", written by Christian Antblad, Sibel's entry to Melodifestivalen 2008.

## Track listing

1. "That Is Where I'll Go"(Christian Antblad)
2. "Make Believe" (Steve Howard, Neil Athale)
3. "How I Tried to Let You Go" (Christian Antblad, Sibel Redžep)
4. "I'm Sorry" (Jonas Saeed, Pontus Söderqvist, Kenicha Pratt)
5. "Maybe Someday" (Christian Antblad, Gary Baker, Matt Johnson)
6. "Walking Away" (Nicklas Molinder, Joacim Persson, Johan Alkenäs, J. Fransson, Tobias Lundgren, Tim Larsson)
7. "Don't You Wanna Know" (Christian Antblad, Michael Garvin)
8. "Until the World Fades Away" (Christian Antblad, Michael Jay)
9. "The Reason Was You" (Paul Carrack, Christian Antblad)
10. "Any Day Now"(Christian Antblad)
11. "All I Need Is One" (Christian Antblad, John Bettis, Wayne Kirkpatrick)
12. "Open Arms"(Christian Antblad)
13. "The Night Is Still Young" (iTunes Bonus Track) (Christian Antblad, Thomas Ahlstrand)

## Chart performance

The album stayed on the Swedish albums chart for a total of seven weeks entering and peaking at number nine on 20 March 2008 and dropping out on 1 May 2008.

## Singles

## Album credits

* Vocals: Sibel Redžep.
* Backing Vocals: Sibel Redžep, Chris Antblad, Caroline Antblad.
* Piano: Thomas Lasser, Johan Alkenäs.
* Strings: Scandinavian Strings.
* Guitar: Fredrik Larsson, Jeff King, Joacim Persson, Cem Köksal.
* Electric Guitar: Sayit Dölen.
* Bass: Joel Starander, Gary Baker.
* Drums: Josh Haselton.

## Chart positions

| Chart (2008) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Sweden | 9 |

## InfoBox

| The Diving Belle | |
| --- | --- |
| Album cover | |
| Studio album by Sibel | |
| Released | 12 March 2008 |
| Recorded | 2008 |
| Genre | Pop rock, pop, ambient music |
| Length | 45:00 |
| Language | English |
| Label | Warner Bros., Warner Music Sweden |
| Producer | Christian Antblad, Peter Swartling |
|  | |
| Singles from  *The Diving Belle* | |
| 1. "That is Where I'll Go"
Released: 9 March 2008 2. "Make Believe"
Released: July 2008 3. "Walking Away"
Released: 6 October 2008 4. "I'm Sorry"
Released: 30 January 2009 | |
|  | |


title: The End of the World (TV series)

abstract: The End of the World is a 2013 South Korean television series starring Yoon Je-moon, Jang Kyung-ah and Jang Hyun-sung. Based on the 2010 novel Infectious Disease by Bae Young-ik, it aired on JTBC from March 16 to May 5, 2013.

text:
# The End of the World (TV series)

***The End of the World*** (Korean: 세계의 끝; RR: *Segyeui Kkeut*) is a 2013 South Korean television series starring Yoon Je-moon, Jang Kyung-ah and Jang Hyun-sung. Based on the 2010 novel *Infectious Disease* by Bae Young-ik, it aired on JTBC from March 16 to May 5, 2013.

## Synopsis

As a virus with a 100% fatality rate spreads in Seoul, Kang Joo-hun (Yoon Je-moon) and other investigators from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention try to find a cure.

## Cast

### Main

### Supporting

## Production

The series was originally scheduled to air for 20 episodes but, due to the low ratings, JTBC announced on April 11, 2013 that *The End of the World* would be shortened by 8 episodes (bringing the total number of episodes to 12). The time slot was also changed: from April 14 to the last broadcast, only one episode was aired a week instead of the usual two.

## Ratings

In this table, **the blue numbers** represent the lowest ratings and **the red numbers** represent the highest ratings.

| Ep. | Original broadcast date | Average audience share
(AGB Nielsen) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | Nationwide |
| 1 | March 16, 2013 | **0.761%** |
| 2 | March 17, 2013 | 0.599% |
| 3 | March 23, 2013 | 0.411% |
| 4 | March 24, 2013 | 0.463% |
| 5 | March 30, 2013 | 0.300% |
| 6 | March 31, 2013 | 0.293% |
| 7 | April 6, 2013 | 0.400% |
| 8 | April 7, 2013 | 0.417% |
| 9 | April 14, 2013 | 0.443% |
| 10 | April 20, 2013 | 0.519% |
| 11 | April 27, 2013 | 0.326% |
| 12 | May 5, 2013 | **0.279%** |
| Average | | **0.434%** |

* *This drama airs on a cable channel/pay TV which normally has a relatively smaller audience compared to free-to-air TV/public broadcasters (KBS, SBS, MBC and EBS).*

## InfoBox

| *The End of the World* | |
| --- | --- |
| Promotional poster | |
|  | |
| Hangul | 세계의 끝 |
|  | |
| Genre | Disaster |
| Based on | *Infectious Disease*
by Bae Young-ik |
| Written by | Park Hye-ryun |
| Directed by | Ahn Pan-seok |
| Starring |  |
| Country of origin | South Korea |
| Original language | Korean |
| No. of episodes | 12 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 70 minutes |
| Production company | Drama House |
| Original release | |
| Network | JTBC |
| Release | March 16 (2013-03-16)
May 5, 2013 (2013-05-05) |


title: Mangloora Union Council

abstract: Mangloora is a small village in union council kallar syedan in Punjab province Pakistan. On 1 July 2004, Mangloora became the Union Council of Tehsil Kallar Syeda. Rawalpindi District was a Union Council of the Tehsil Kahuta.صاٸراز

text:
# Mangloora Union Council

**Mangloora** is a small village in union council kallar syedan in Punjab province Pakistan.

On 1 July 2004, Mangloora became the Union Council of Tehsil Kallar Syeda. Rawalpindi District was a Union Council of the Tehsil Kahuta.صاٸراز

## InfoBox

| Mangloora | |
| --- | --- |
| Union Council | |
| govt high school mangloora | |
| ManglooraMangloora | |
| Coordinates: 33°23′52″N 73°23′47″E / 33.39778°N 73.39639°E / 33.39778; 73.39639 | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Region | Punjab |
| District | Rawalpindi District |
| Tehsil | Kallar Syedan |
| na 53 | Mangloora |
| Government | |
| Type | councilar javed butt |
| Population | |
| Total | 8,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| Area code | 051 |


title: Genoplesium ectopum

abstract: Genoplesium ectopum, commonly known as the Brindabella spider orchid or ectopic midge orchid and as Corunastylis ectopa in Australia, is a small terrestrial orchid endemic to the Australian Capital Territory. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to thirty five small, green and reddish purple flowers. It is only known from the Brindabella Range where it grows in Eucalyptus forest.

text:
# Genoplesium ectopum

***Genoplesium ectopum***, commonly known as the **Brindabella spider orchid** or **ectopic midge orchid** and as ***Corunastylis ectopa*** in Australia, is a small terrestrial orchid endemic to the Australian Capital Territory. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to thirty five small, green and reddish purple flowers. It is only known from the Brindabella Range where it grows in *Eucalyptus* forest.

## Description

*Genoplesium ectopum* is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single thin leaf 100–250 mm (4–10 in) and fused to the flowering stem, the free part 15–20 mm (0.6–0.8 in) long. Between fifteen and thirty five green and reddish purple flowers are arranged along a flowering stem reaching to a height of 20–40 mm (0.8–2 in) long and much taller than the leaf. The flowers are about 5 mm (0.2 in) long and wide and are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The dorsal sepal is 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long and about 2.5 mm (0.1 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long, about 1.5 mm (0.06 in) wide, with a humped base and spread apart from each other. The petals are about 3 mm (0.1 in) long and 1 mm (0.04 in) wide with a few hairs on their edges. The labellum is purple, about 4 mm (0.2 in) long, 2 mm (0.08 in) wide with coarse hairs up to 2 mm (0.08 in) long and the labellum vibrates in the slightest breeze. There is a callus in the centre of the labellum but not extending to its tip. Flowering occurs from January to March.

## Taxonomy and naming

*Genoplesium ectopum* was first formally described in 1999 by David Jones from a specimen collected in the Brindabella Ranges and the description was published in *The Orchadian*. In 2002, Jones and Mark Alwin Clements changed the name to *Corunastylis ectopa*. The specific epithet (*ectopum*) derived from the Ancient Greek word *ektopos* meaning "out of place".

## Distribution and habitat

The Brindabella midge orchid is only known from a single site in the Brindabella Range at an altitude of 980 m (3,000 ft) where it grows in *Eucalyptus* forest.

## Conservation

The entire population of this midge orchid grows within 10 m (30 ft) of a road embankment prone to erosion. Population estimates range from about 35 following bushfires and drought, to the present at about 110. The main threats to the species are erosion, roadworks, weed invasion, shrub growth and inappropriate use of herbicides. The species is listed as "critically endangered" (CR) under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).

## InfoBox

| Brindabella midge orchid | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| In the Namadgi National Park | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Critically endangered  (EPBC Act) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | *Genoplesium* |
| Species: | ***G. ectopum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Genoplesium ectopum***
D.L.Jones | |
|
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: Strachy na Lachy

abstract: Strachy Na Lachy is a Polish rock band. Strachy Na Lachy is led by Krzysztof "Grabaż" Grabowski and Andrzej "Kozak" Kozakiewicz, who also play in the punk group Pidżama Porno. They formed Strachy Na Lachy in order to play softer music, such as rock ballads. Their first album, Strachy Na Lachy, was released in December 2003, and a second, Piła Tango, the title track of which became their first hit, was released at the end of 2005. They often play in the Piwnica 21 Club in Poznań. The artwork for the Piła Tango album is by the Armenian artist Vahan Bego. In 2007 Strachy na Lachy recorded a tribute album to Jacek Kaczmarski, and a year later they released their tribute to the underground Polish communist music culture, the album Zakazane Piosenki.

text:
# Strachy na Lachy

**Strachy Na Lachy** (properly **Międzymiastówka Muzykująca Strachy Na Lachy**) is a Polish rock band (originally known as *Grabaż + Ktoś Tam Jeszcze* before becoming *Grabaż i Strachy Na Lachy*).

Strachy Na Lachy (Empty Threats) is led by Krzysztof "Grabaż" Grabowski and Andrzej "Kozak" Kozakiewicz, who also play in the punk group Pidżama Porno. They formed Strachy Na Lachy in order to play softer music, such as rock ballads. Their first album, *Strachy Na Lachy*, was released in December 2003, and a second, *Piła Tango*, the title track of which became their first hit, was released at the end of 2005.

They often play in the Piwnica 21 Club in Poznań.

The artwork for the *Piła Tango* album is by the Armenian artist Vahan Bego. In 2007 Strachy na Lachy recorded a tribute album to Jacek Kaczmarski, and a year later they released their tribute to the underground Polish communist music culture, the album *Zakazane Piosenki* (*Forbidden songs*).

## Members

## Discography

### Studio albums

| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Sales | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | POL
 | | |
| *Strachy na Lachy* | * Released: December 8, 2003 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download |  |  |  |
| *Piła tango* | * Released: November 7, 2005 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download | 4 | * POL: 15,000+ |  |
| *Dodekafonia* | * Released: February 22, 2010 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download | 1 | * POL: 30,000+ |  |
| *!TO!* | * Released: February 9, 2013 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download | 1 | * POL: 15,000+ |  |
| *Przechodzień o wschodzie* | * Released: 29 September 2017 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download | 5 |  |  |
| *Piekło* | * Released: 1 October 2021 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download |  |  |  |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Compilation albums

| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Sales | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | POL
 | | |
| *Dekada* | * Released: October 27, 2011 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD | 10 | * POL: 15,000+ |  |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Cover albums

| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Sales | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | POL
 | | |
| *Autor* | * Released: October 22, 2007 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download | 3 | * POL: 15,000+ |  |
| *Zakazane piosenki* | * Released: September 22, 2008 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: CD, digital download | 4 | * POL: 15,000+ |  |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Video albums

| Title | Video details | Sales | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Przejście* | * Released: October 1, 2012 * Label: S.P. Records * Formats: DVD | * POL: 5,000+ |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Strachy Na Lachy | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Piła, Poland |
| Genres | Alternative rock |
| Years active | 2003–present |
| Labels | S.P. Records |
|  | |
| Members | Grabaż, Kozak, Longin Lo, Kuzyn, Maniek, Pan Areczek |
|  | |
| Website | http://www.strachynalachy.art.pl/ |


title: Stroggylocephalus

abstract: Stroggylocephalus is a genus of leafhoppers.

text:
# Stroggylocephalus

***Stroggylocephalus*** is a genus of leafhoppers (family Cicadellidae).

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Stroggylocephalus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Auchenorrhyncha |
| Family: | Cicadellidae |
| Subfamily: | Aphrodinae |
| Genus: | *Stroggylocephalus*<br>Flor, 1861 |
|


title: Ochre Health

abstract: Ochre Health is an Australian healthcare services company headquartered in Sydney. The company specialises in the provision of health services to outer-urban, regional, and remote communities.

text:
# Ochre Health

**Ochre Health** is an Australian healthcare services company headquartered in Sydney. The company specialises in the provision of health services to outer-urban, regional, and remote communities.

## History

Ochre Health was established in 2002 by doctors Hamish Meldrum and Ross Lamplugh.

Meldrum and Lamplugh were providing General Practice and hospital services in the town of Bourke, NSW, and were concerned by the lack of medical practitioner support that was available to them and their colleagues. The two doctors decided to take action by establishing a locum doctor recruitment agency, Ochre Recruitment. The service found itself in high demand and enabled the creation of Ochre Health, which was responsible for providing ongoing management of rural medical services that were under distress by providing recruitment, clinical and administrative governance.

The Ochre Health Foundation was subsequently established in 2005 as a non-profit entity. The primary objective of the Foundation is to provide medical and allied health services to regional and remote communities to aid in the prevention and control of chronic diseases.

## Corporate affairs

### Senior management

For the period 2002 to 2010, Dr Hamish Meldrum and Dr Ross Lamplugh provided corporate directorship and management of the company. Michele Smith OAM is the current CEO and Executive director, with Dr Francois Pretorius serving as Chief Medical Officer.

## Services

Ochre Health provides a range of clinical management, governance and recruitment services, and employs approximately 400 staff across Australia. The company has also established relationships with universities to assist with medical student placements and the distribution of experimental programs to remote villages.

Ochre Health works with communities to assist them to address their health workforce and health outcome challenges, by partnering to develop a sustainable and community dictated model of operation.

**Services include:**

## Operations

Ochre Health currently provides medical services to communities across various states and territories of Australia including the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and Tasmania.

These communities exhibited unmet health staffing levels before the organisation commenced working with them, and now exhibit record levels of male and female medical practitioners.

## Health outcomes

### Background

Ochre Health has a record of providing medical services to communities that have experienced long-term difficulties in attracting and retaining appropriate levels of medical staff, often due to their remoteness or their isolation from social services.

The company also provides services to communities that have high levels of social disadvantage, health outcomes which fall below national averages, and hospitalisation rates which fall above national averages.

### Primary health care

Ochre Health has been able to reduce hospitalisation rates by up to 20% in communities that exhibited hospitalisation rates above national averages by increasing community access to medical practitioners, through which patients' health conditions can be managed, and by adopting best-practice primary care principles as a core tenet of their service delivery model.

The company has also pioneered several new protocols for managing primary care patients, which involves the provision of chronic disease management in towns with high levels of social disadvantage and rates of diabetes and other chronic conditions.

## InfoBox

Ochre Health
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Health Care and Medicine |
| Founded | 2002 |
| Headquarters | Sydney, Australia |
| Area served | Australia |
| Key people | Dr Hamish Meldrum (Co-Founder)<br>Dr Ross Lamplugh (Co-founder) |
| Number of employees | 180 (2014) |
| Website | www.ochrehealth.com.au |


title: White-throated woodpecker

abstract: The white-throated woodpecker is a species of bird in subfamily Picinae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

text:
# White-throated woodpecker

The **white-throated woodpecker** (***Piculus leucolaemus***) is a species of bird in subfamily Picinae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The white-throated woodpecker was originally described as *Picus leucolaemus*. Since its inclusion in *Piculus* it has at times been considered conspecific with the rufous-winged woodpecker (*P. simplex*), the stripe-cheeked woodpecker (*P. callopterus*), and the Lita woodpecker (*P. litae*); the four may form a superspecies. It and just the Lita woodpecker have also been treated as conspecific. The white-throated woodpecker is monotypic.

## Description

The white-throated woodpecker is about 19 to 20 cm (7.5 to 7.9 in) long and weighs about 69 g (2.4 oz). Males and females have the same plumage except on their heads. Males are red from forehead to hindneck and very widely on the malar (cheek); the latter has a wide yellow stripe above it.The female has red only on the nape but is otherwise the same as the male. Adults of both sexes have the eponymous white chin and throat. Their upperparts are bronze-green. Their flight feathers are mostly dark brown with pale cinnamon-rufous on the inner webs. Their tail is blackish with greenish edges on the feathers. Their upper breast is yellowish green; the feathers have pale centers and dark tips. The rest of their underparts are white with olive barring. Their shortish beak is blackish to gray, their iris dark brown to red-brown, and the legs dark olive to blackish. Juveniles are greener than adults and males have red only from the rear crown to the hindneck.

## Distribution and habitat

The white-throated woodpecker is found from far southwestern Colombia south on the east side of the Ecuadorian and Peruvian Andes to central Bolivia. Disjunct populations are also in west and central Amazonian Brazil. It inhabits mature humid *terra firme* forest and *várzea* forest. It is a bird of the lowlands and foothills, reaching elevations of 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in Ecuador and 1,400 m (4,600 ft) in Peru.

## Behavior

### Movement

As far as is known, the white-throated woodpecker is a year-round resident throughout its range.

### Feeding

The white-throated woodpecker usually forages alone, sometimes in pairs, and also joins mixed species feeding flocks. It forages at the mid- to upper levels of the forest and typically feeds by probing and flaking off bark. Its diet is not known but is assumed to include adult and larval insects.

### Breeding

Nothing is known about the white-throated woodpecker's breeding biology.

### Vocalization

The white-throated woodpecker's vocalization is a "hoarse/hissing 'sraa-sraa-sraa-" or drawn-out, hissing, lowered 'wheeeeee'."

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the white-throated woodpecker as being of Least Concern. It has a large range, but its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified. It is poorly known and considered uncommon; "\[u\]ncertainty over its taxonomic position has made assessment of any past records very difficult."

## InfoBox

| White-throated woodpecker | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| A white-throated woodpecker (male) at Carajás National Forest, Pará, Brazil | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Picidae |
| Genus: | *Piculus* |
| Species: | ***P. leucolaemus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Piculus leucolaemus***
(Natterer & Malherbe, 1845) | |
|
|  | |


title: Wherwell

abstract: Wherwell is a village on the River Test in Hampshire, England. The name may derive from its bubbling springs resulting in the Middle Ages place name “Hwerwyl” noted in AD 955, possibly meaning “kettle springs” or “cauldron springs.” Pronunciation of the name has ranged from “Hurrell” to “Wer-rel” to present-day “Wher-well.” Before the Dissolution, the parish of Wherwell was in the hands of an important abbey of Benedictine nuns, whose abbess was Lady of the Manor of an area much larger than the existing parish. The village is associated with the Cockatrice. The story is that the cockatrice terrorised the village until it was imprisoned in the dungeons below Wherwell Priory. A prize of land was offered to anyone who could kill the creature. None were successful, until a man named Green lowered a mirror into the dungeon. The cockatrice battled against its own reflection until exhausted, at which point Green was able to kill it. Today there is an area of land near Wherwell called Green's Acres. For many years a weather vane in the shape of a cockatrice adorned the C19 church of St. Peter and Holy Cross in Wherwell until it was removed to Andover Museum. The River Test flows through the village in parallel with the High Street. Several cottages in the village are thatched, some dating from C16. The village had an inn called "The White Lion Inn" which is currently closed for refurbishment at September 2024. Education The village is home to a primary school, Wherwell Primary School.

text:
# Wherwell

**Wherwell** is a village on the River Test in Hampshire, England. The name may derive from its bubbling springs resulting in the Middle Ages place name “Hwerwyl” noted in AD 955, possibly meaning “kettle springs” or “cauldron springs.” Pronunciation of the name has ranged from “Hurrell” to “Wer-rel” to present-day “Wher-well.”

Before the Dissolution, the parish of Wherwell was in the hands of an important abbey of Benedictine nuns, whose abbess was Lady of the Manor of an area much larger than the existing parish.

The village is associated with the Cockatrice. The story is that the cockatrice terrorised the village until it was imprisoned in the dungeons below Wherwell Priory. A prize of land was offered to anyone who could kill the creature. None were successful, until a man named Green lowered a mirror into the dungeon. The cockatrice battled against its own reflection until exhausted, at which point Green was able to kill it. Today there is an area of land near Wherwell called Green's Acres. For many years a weather vane in the shape of a cockatrice adorned the C19 church of St. Peter and Holy Cross in Wherwell until it was removed to Andover Museum.

The River Test (which has more than one channel nearby, and a wide flood plain) flows through the village in parallel with the High Street. Several cottages in the village are thatched, some dating from C16.

The village had an inn called "The White Lion Inn" which is currently closed for refurbishment at September 2024.

**Education**

The village is home to a primary school, Wherwell Primary School.

## InfoBox

| Wherwell | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| WherwellLocation within Hampshire | |
| Population | 473 (2011 Census including Cottonworth , Fullerton , South Harewood and Upper Enham) |
| OS grid reference | SU3891840929 |
| Civil parish | * Wherwell |
| District |  |
| Shire county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | ANDOVER |
| Postcode district | SP11 |
| Dialling code | 01794 |
|  | |
| Police | Hampshire and Isle of Wight |
| Fire | Hampshire and Isle of Wight |
| Ambulance | South Central |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Wherry Block

abstract: The Wherry Block, also known as Wherry's Hall, Scruby Brothers Grocery, and Scruby's Grocery Store, is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States.

text:
# Wherry Block

The **Wherry Block**, also known as **Wherry's Hall**, **Scruby Brothers Grocery**, and **Scruby's Grocery Store**, is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States.

## History

The building was constructed in 1887 in what was then the suburb of North Des Moines by S.C. Wherry, a local contractor-builder. He built it as an investment and an income-producing property. It was the first of the commercial buildings built at this intersection, which was one of two commercial areas in North Des Moines. The two-story brick structure reflects the styling of the Late Victorian era with cast stone trim work, window hood molds on the second floor, and a pressed metal cornice. The commercial space on the main level has two storefronts, and four apartment units on the second floor. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. In 2005 the building was extensively renovated. A new building was constructed to the north of the old building. Its architectural style complements the older structure.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Wherry Block | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 1600–1602 6th Ave.<br>Des Moines, Iowa |
| Coordinates | 41°36′28.1″N 93°37′33.7″W / 41.607806°N 93.626028°W / 41.607806; -93.626028 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1887 |
| Built by | S.C. Wherry |
| Architectural style | Late Victorian |
| NRHP reference No. | 98001283 |
| Added to NRHP | October 22, 1998 |


title: Oh mia bela Madunina

abstract: "O mia bèla Madunina" is a song by Giovanni D'Anzi which is an unofficial city anthem of Milan. The title refers to the golden statue of the Virgin Mary on the spire of Milan Cathedral visible all over the city, namely the Madonnina. The song was written and composed in 1934 by the Milan songwriter Giovanni D'Anzi (1906–1974). In the 1930s, many immigrants from the Mezzogiorno, especially from the region of Naples, came to Milan bringing with them their famous Neapolitan songs such as "'O sole mio". D'Anzi thus decided to create a musical answer from Milan. The song became a hit in the city almost immediately, and in 1938 it topped the Italian hit parade. Musically, "Oh mia bela Madunina" has similarities to American ballads of the time. The lyrics give some praise to Neapolitan music but add that Milan also deserves a mention; they address the Madonna under whose domination Milan is vibrant with life and always busy. The lyrics end with an offer to shake hands because it is a small world, after all, but the closing verse ma Milan, l'è on gran Milan! reaffirms the Milanese pride. It is often sung by AC Milan and Inter Milan fans during the matches, in particular during the Derby della Madonnina.

text:
# Oh mia bela Madunina

"****O mia bèla Madunina****" (Milanese dialect: \[o mi.a ˈbɛla maduˈniːna\]; Italian language: **Oh mia bella Madonnina**; meaning "Oh my beautiful little Madonna") is a song by Giovanni D'Anzi which is an unofficial city anthem of Milan. The title refers to the golden statue of the Virgin Mary on the spire of Milan Cathedral visible all over the city, namely the Madonnina (*Madunina* in the Milanese dialect).

The song was written and composed in 1934 by the Milan songwriter Giovanni D'Anzi (1906–1974). In the 1930s, many immigrants from the Mezzogiorno, especially from the region of Naples, came to Milan bringing with them their famous Neapolitan songs such as "'O sole mio". D'Anzi thus decided to create a musical answer from Milan. The song became a hit in the city almost immediately, and in 1938 it topped the Italian hit parade.

Musically, "Oh mia bela Madunina" has similarities to American ballads of the time. The lyrics give some praise to Neapolitan music but add that Milan also deserves a mention; they address the Madonna under whose domination Milan is vibrant with life and always busy. The lyrics end with an offer to shake hands because it is a small world, after all, but the closing verse *ma Milan, l'è on gran Milan!* ("but Milan is a great Milan!") reaffirms the Milanese pride. It is often sung by AC Milan and Inter Milan fans during the matches, in particular during the *Derby della Madonnina*.

## Sources

* Giovanni D'Anzi, *Le canzoni milanesi*, Curci, Milano 1961

## InfoBox

| "O mia bela Madunina" | |
| --- | --- |
| The Madonnina | |
| Song | |
| Language | Milanese dialect of Lombard |
| English title | My beautiful Madonnina |
| Written | 1934 |
| Songwriter(s) | Giovanni d'Anzi |


title: Oh boy, oh boy, oh boy!

abstract: Oh boy, oh boy, oh boy! is a song written by Lasse Dahlquist, and released as a recorded song in 1946. The song has also been recorded by Alf Robertsson and Charlie Norman. The song, which depicts a British Navy visit to Gothenburg, has become a standard sing-along song in Sweden.

text:
# Oh boy, oh boy, oh boy!

**Oh boy, oh boy, oh boy!** is a song written by Lasse Dahlquist, and released as a recorded song in 1946. The song has also been recorded by Alf Robertsson and Charlie Norman.

The song, which depicts a British Navy visit to Gothenburg, has become a standard sing-along song in Sweden.

## InfoBox

| "Oh boy, oh boy, oh boy" | |
| --- | --- |
| Song by Lasse Dahlquist | |
| Language | Swedish |
| Released | circa June 1946 |
| Recorded | Södra flickläroverket, Stockholm, Sweden circa 17 May 1946 |
| Genre | schlager |
| Label | Sonora |
| Songwriter(s) | Lasse Dahlquist |
| Composer(s) | Lasse Dahlquist |


title: Załuże, Łódź Voivodeship

abstract: Załuże is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczerców, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) east of Szczerców, 17 km (11 mi) west of Bełchatów, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

text:
# Załuże, Łódź Voivodeship

**Załuże** \[zaˈwuʐɛ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczerców, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) east of Szczerców, 17 km (11 mi) west of Bełchatów, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Załuże | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Załuże | |
| Coordinates: 51°20′12″N 19°7′50″E / 51.33667°N 19.13056°E / 51.33667; 19.13056 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Bełchatów |
| Gmina | Szczerców |


title: Odostomia pocahontasae

abstract: Odostomia pocahontasae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

text:
# Odostomia pocahontasae

***Odostomia pocahontasae*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 1.3 mm and 5.7 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Florida, USA, Colombia and Argentina

## InfoBox

| *Odostomia pocahontasae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Family: | Pyramidellidae |
| Genus: | *Odostomia* |
| Species: | ***O. pocahontasae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Odostomia pocahontasae***<br>Henderson & Bartsch, 1914 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Evalea pocahontasae* Henderson & J.B. & P. Bartsch, 1914 * *Odostomia (Evalea) pocahontasae* Henderson & Bartsch, 1914 * *Odostomia (Eulimastoma) canaliculata* (Adams, C.B., 1850) | |


title: Zdeněk Křížek

abstract: Zdeněk Křížek is a former Czech footballer, who last played for České Budějovice as a goalkeeper. He has represented his country at youth international level.

text:
# Zdeněk Křížek

**Zdeněk Křížek** (born 16 January 1983) is a former Czech footballer, who last played for České Budějovice as a goalkeeper. He has represented his country at youth international level.

## InfoBox

Zdeněk Křížek
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1983-01-16) 16 January 1983 | | |
| Place of birth | Czechoslovakia | | |
| Height | 1.95 m (6 ft 5 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1989–2001 | Fezko/SK Strakonice | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2001–2020 | České Budějovice | 23 | (0) |
| 2004–2005 | Prachatice (loan) | 16 | (0) |
| International career | | | |
| 1998–1999 | Czech Republic U15 | 3 | (0) |
| 1999–2000 | Czech Republic U16 | 4 | (0) |
| 2000–2001 | Czech Republic U17 | 3 | (0) |
| 2001 | Czech Republic U19 | 1 | (0) |
| 2002 | Czech Republic U20 | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 11 September 2011<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 11 September 2011 | | | |


title: Zeena Zaki

abstract: Zeena Zaki is an Iraqi haute couture fashion designer. She launched her first fashion atelier in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates in 2003, where her fashion house operates under the label "Julea Domani", an epitome of both Edwardian and Victorian fashion eras which prove popular amongst the UAE's fashionista's.

text:
# Zeena Zaki

**Zeena Zaki** (born 1/1/1974) is an Iraqi haute couture fashion designer. She launched her first fashion atelier in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates in 2003, where her fashion house operates under the label "Julea Domani", an epitome of both Edwardian and Victorian fashion eras which prove popular amongst the UAE's fashionista's.

## Personal life

Born in Copenhagen, Denmark, to Iraqi parents, Zeena and her family moved after two years to travel to Romania then to Kuwait, Iraq and then the Emirates. Zaki came from an artistic background. Her father, an interior designer who designed two of his own restaurants in Dubai and Los Angeles, and her mother was involved in the fashion industry as a designer and so Zaki learnt from her and did not attend university or college to study fashion.

She cites Elie Saab and Valentino as her favourite designers.

## Career

Zaki launched her first collection at the Dubai World Trade Center in 2006. After viewing her designs at the world trade center, the international fashion expert, Michael Mandeville commented, *"I wonder no more, it is enough to know that Zeena is the daughter of the oldest civilization in the history of mankind, Mesopotamia, Iraq, rising up at this time from beneath the ashes of this cradle of civilization. We can now see Iraq starting to shine again."*

Since 2007, Zaki has participated in The Bride Show Dubai and in 2009 was awarded Best Female Designer for Prêt-à-Porter at Dubai Fashion Week.

Having opened a showroom boutique in Palm Strip Shopping Mall, Jumeirah, Julea Domani's popularity furthers in growth. She held her 2010 collection at Dubai Fashion Week.

In 2015, Zaki branched into the United States where her dresses have been worn numerous Hollywood celebrities on the red carpet.

## InfoBox

| Zeena Zaki | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Nationality | Iraqi |
| Label | Julea Domani |
| Awards | 2009 Best Female Designer for Prêt a Porter Award |


title: White-flanked sunbird

abstract:
The white-flanked sunbird is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae.
It is endemic to Indonesia.

text:
# White-flanked sunbird

The **white-flanked sunbird** (***Aethopyga eximia***) is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is endemic to Indonesia.

## Taxonomy

The white-flanked sunbird was formally described by Thomas Horsfield in 1821.

## Distribution and habitat

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

## InfoBox

| White-flanked sunbird | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Male | |
|  | |
| Female | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Nectariniidae |
| Genus: | *Aethopyga* |
| Species: | ***A. eximia*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aethopyga eximia***
(Horsfield, 1821) | |
|


title: Three Women and A Half

abstract: Three Women and A Half 三个半女人 is a top-rated drama series in Singapore filmed by Matrix Vision and screened on MediaCorp TV Channel 8 in 2001. It starred Huang Wenyong, Aileen Tan, Huang Biren, Lin Meijiao and Vivian Lai. The plot mainly revolves around three office ladies Jane, Monica and Rachel competing with one another in an advertising firm in a bid to climb the corporate ladder.

text:
# Three Women and A Half

**Three Women and A Half** 三个半女人 is a top-rated drama series in Singapore filmed by Matrix Vision and screened on MediaCorp TV Channel 8 in 2001. It starred Huang Wenyong, Aileen Tan, Huang Biren, Lin Meijiao and Vivian Lai. The plot mainly revolves around three office ladies Jane, Monica and Rachel competing with one another in an advertising firm in a bid to climb the corporate ladder.

## Synopsis

## 2001 Accolades

The serial was nominated and won awards at the *Star Awards 2001* such as Best Drama Serial. Huang Biren and Aileen Tan were nominated Best Actress for the show, which Aileen won, while Huang Wenyong was nominated Best Actor. The show has also achieved the highest viewership of the year during its telecast.

| Accolade | Award | Nominee | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Star Awards 2001 Show 2
红星大奖 2001 下半场 | Best Actress
最佳女主角 | Aileen Tan
陈丽贞 | Won |
| | | Huang Biren
黄碧仁 | Nominated |
| | Best Supporting Actress
最佳女配角 | Lin Meijiao
林梅娇 | Nominated |
| | Best Supporting Actor
最佳男配角 | Nick Shen
沈炜竣 | Nominated |
| | Rayson Tan
陈泰铭 | Nominated |
| | Best Actor
最佳男主角 | Huang Wenyong
黄文永 | Nominated |
| | Best Drama Serial
最佳电视剧 |  | Won |

| Preceded by
***Hainan Kopi Tales*
2000** | ***Star Awards* for Best Drama Serial
*Three Women and A Half*
2001** | Succeeded by
***Beautiful Connection*
2002** |
| --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

| *Three Women and A Half* | |
| --- | --- |


title: IBM System Object Model

abstract: The System Object Model (SOM) is an object-oriented shared library technology developed by IBM that supports defining an interface to an object so that its interface is separate from its implementation. DSOM, a distributed variant based on CORBA, allowed objects on different computers to communicate. A SOM library can be updated without requiring client code to be rebuilt. If a library is changed to add new classes or methods, or to change the internal implementation of classes or methods, a consuming program can still use it without being rebuilt. In this way, SOM addresses the fragile binary interface problem that affects other library technology such as C++. SOM allows classes to be defined in one programming language and used in another. A client can create and use objects from the exposed classes and derive subclasses from the exposed classes even if the client language does not support class typing. SOM provides an application programming interface (API) that provides access to library metadata. Each object exposes methods that provide the class name and whether the object implements a particular method, for example.

text:
# IBM System Object Model

The **System Object Model** (**SOM**) is an object-oriented shared library technology developed by IBM that supports defining an interface to an object so that its interface is separate from its implementation.

**DSOM**, a distributed variant based on CORBA, allowed objects on different computers to communicate.

A SOM library can be updated without requiring client code to be rebuilt. If a library is changed to add new classes or methods, or to change the internal implementation of classes or methods, a consuming program can still use it without being rebuilt. In this way, SOM addresses the fragile binary interface problem that affects other library technology such as C++.

SOM allows classes to be defined in one programming language and used in another. A client can create and use objects from the exposed classes and derive subclasses from the exposed classes even if the client language does not support class typing.

SOM provides an application programming interface (API) that provides access to library metadata. Each object exposes methods that provide the class name and whether the object implements a particular method, for example.

## Applications

SOM was intended to be used universally in IBM's mainframe and desktop (OS/2) computers, allowing programs designed for the desktop to use a mainframe for processing and data storage. IBM produced versions of SOM/DSOM for OS/2, Microsoft Windows and various Unix flavors (notably IBM's own AIX). For some time after the formation of the AIM alliance, SOM/DSOM was also used by Apple Computer for similar purposes. It was most widely used in their OpenDoc framework, but saw limited use in other roles as well.

Perhaps the most widespread uses of SOM within IBM were in later versions of OS/2, which used it for most code, including the Workplace Shell. Object REXX for OS/2 is able to deal with SOM classes and objects including WPS.

SOMobjects were not completely shut down by IBM. They were ported to OS/390, and are still available on this OS. One can read documentation on IBM website. In 1996 Tandem Computers Inc. obtained SOMobjects technology. Tandem was sold to Compaq, Compaq was sold to Hewlett-Packard. NonStop DOM and some other technologies eventually merged into NonStop CORBA, but current documentation of NonStop products does not contain signs of SOM technology still powering NonStop products.

## Fading away

With the "death" of OS/2 in the mid-1990s, the *raison d'être* for SOM/DSOM largely disappeared; if users would not be running OS/2 on the desktop, there would be no universal object library anyway. In 1997, when Steve Jobs returned to Apple and ended many development efforts including Copland and OpenDoc, SOM was replaced with Objective-C already being in use in OPENSTEP (to become Mac OS X later). SOM/DSOM development faded, and is no longer actively developed, although it continues to be included and used in OS/2-based systems such as ArcaOS.

Despite effective death of OS/2 and OpenDoc, SOM could have yet another niche: Windows and cross-platform development. SOM 3.0 for WinNT was generally available in December 1996. The reasons for not advancing in these directions go beyond market adoption problems. They involve opportunities missed by IBM, and destructive incompatible changes:

* The first version of VisualAge C++ for Windows was 3.5. It was the first and the last version to support SOM. It had SOM 2.1 bundled in and Direct-to-SOM support in the compiler. Versions 3.6.5 and later had no trace of SOM.
* SOMobjects largely relied on makefiles. VisualAge C++ 4.0 introduced .icc projects and removed icc.exe and ilink.exe command line compiler and linker from supply. It is impossible to build any SOM DTK sample out of box with VAC++ 4.0. VisualAge C++ comes with its own samples, but there are no .icc SOM samples even in VAC++ 4.0 for OS/2. vacbld.exe, the only command line compilation tool, doesn't support SOM.
* VisualAge C++ bundled-in Object Component Library (OCL) was not based on SOM. It was probably meant to be ported to SOM using C++ Direct-to-SOM mode, but in VAC v3.6.5 this mode was abandoned, and OCL has no SOM interface so far.
* Near the end of the 1990s, IBM shut down SOMobjects download sites and never put them back online. SOM 3.0 DTK for WinNT can't be found on IBM FTP, despite much other legacy stuff lying around freely. Despite general availability of SOM 3.0 for WinNT, it was nearly impossible to locate until the end of 2012.
* Finally, IBM never open-sourced SOM (as done to Object REXX), despite several articles and petitions.

## Alternative implementations

Two projects of open-source SOM implementations exist. One is Netlabs Object Model (NOM), which is technically the same, but binary incompatible. Another is somFree, which is a clean room design of IBM SOM, and binary compatible.

## Comparison to compiled class libraries

SOM can be compared compiled libraries:

As of 2015, most of the information in the linked table is applicable to modern versions, except Objective-C 2.0 getting so called non-fragile instance variables. Some solutions remained experimental: SGI Delta/C++ or Sun OBI. Most approaches based on one programming language were phased out or were never used actively in the same way. For instance, Netscape Plugin Application Programming Interface (NPAPI) browser plugins were written using Java API initially (LiveConnect), but Java Virtual Machine (JVM) was later excluded from the chain. It can be seen as Java replaced with Cross Platform Component Object Model (XPCOM). Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) and Smalltalk are not known as being chain links like Java in LiveConnect. Objective-C is also not known much in this role and not known to be marketed this way, but its runtime is one of the most friendly to similar use cases.

Generic C++ is still being used in Qt and the K Desktop Environment (KDE). Qt and KDE are notable for describing efforts it takes to maintain binary compatibility without special support in development tools.

GObject only aimed to avoid dependence on C++ compiler, but RRBC issues are the same as in generic C++.

Without special runtime many other programming languages will have the same issues, e.g., Delphi, Ada. It can be illustrated by so-called *unprecedented approach* it took to produce Delphi 2006 binary compatible Delphi 2007 release: How to add a "published" property without breaking DCU compatibility Archived 2015-12-08 at the Wayback Machine

Objective-C is the most promising competitor to SOM (although not being actively marketed as multi-language platform), and SOM should preferably be compared to Objective-C as opposed to COM as it happened historically. With non-fragile instance variables in Objective-C 2.0 it is the best alternative amongst actively supported.

COM, XPCOM are being used actively, but they only manage interfaces, not implementations, and thus are not on the same level as SOM, GObject and Objective-C. Windows Runtime under closer look behaves much like COM. Its metadata description is based on .NET, but since WinRT does not contain special runtime to resolve RRBC issues, like in Objective-C or SOM, several restrictions had to be applied that limit WinRT on procedural level:

Type System (C++/CX)

A ref class that has a public constructor must be declared as sealed, to prevent further derivation.

Windows Runtime Components - Windows Runtime Components in a .NET World

Another restriction is that no generic public classes or interfaces can be exposed. Polymorphism isn't available to WinRT types, and the closest you can come is implementing WinRT interfaces; you must declare as sealed any classes that are publicly exposed by your Windows Runtime Component.

## Comparison to COM

SOM is often compared to component object model (COM). Both support a library format that can be used from more than one language.

Some consider SOM to be more robust since it only supports a language-neutral calling mechanism that is similar to COM late binding. COM also supports early binding, a.k.a. custom interface, that is less safe although more performant. It allows a client to access an object via a function table that is compatible with  and therefore compatible with the binary layout of the virtual table of C++ objects (at least in Microsoft's C++ compiler). With a compatible C++ compiler, a custom interface can be defined as a pure virtual C++ class. The interface can be called by any language that can call C functions via a pointer.

A risk of a custom interface is that an incompatibility can result in undefined behavior. In particular, if a version of the object is published with a modified custom interface, a client may crash. This is an example of the fragile base class problem. To prevent the problem, a rule for COM development is that once published, a custom interface cannot be changed. To add or change the exposed features of an object, it can implement additional custom interfaces.

SOM avoid this issue by providing only late binding  allowing the run-time linker to re-build the table on the fly. This way, changes to the underlying libraries are resolved when they are loaded into programs.

SOM is more robust in terms of supporting object-oriented (OO) features. Whereas COM essentially defines a cut-down version of C++ to program to, SOM supports almost all common features. It also supports some less common features such as multiple inheritance, metaclasses and dynamic dispatching, which had led most SOM/COM-like systems to be simpler at the cost of supporting fewer languages. Multi-language support was important to IBM as they wanted to support both Smalltalk (single inheritance and dynamic dispatch) with C++ (multiple inheritance and fixed dispatch).

A notable difference is support for inheritance. COM does not. Although may think it odd that Microsoft produced an object library technology that could not support such a fundamental concept of OO programming; the main reason is that it is difficult to know where a base class exists in memory where libraries are loaded in a order unknown at design time. COM demands that the programmer specify the exact base class at compile time, making it impossible to insert other derived classes in the middle; at least in other COM libraries.

SOM instead uses an algorithm, looking for potential base classes by following the inheritance tree and stopping at the first one that matches. This is the idea behind inheritance in most cases. The downside to this approach is that it is possible that new versions of this base class may no longer work even if the API remains the same. This possibility exists in any program, not only those using a shared library, but a problem can become difficult to resolve if it exists in someone else's code. In SOM, the only solution is testing of new versions of libraries.

While SOM and COM were contrapositioned by IBM, they were not mutually exclusive. In 1995 Novell contributed ComponentGlue technology to OpenDoc for Windows. This technology provided different means to integrate between COM and SOM components. In particular, SOM objects can be made available to OLE2 applications by either late binding bridge (based on IDispatch) or COM interfaces having higher performance. In essence, SOM classes are implementing COM interfaces this way.

Similar technologies, such as Distributed Objects Everywhere, also support full inheritance. Portable Distributed Objects avoided these issues via a strong versioning system, allowing library authors to ship new versions along with the old, thereby guaranteeing backward compatibility at the cost of disk space.

1. SOM and Object REXX by Dr. Willis Boughton (August 2004)
2. "SOMobjects for OS/390 documentation". Archived from the original on January 6, 2014.
3. "Tandem Leverages IBM's SOMobjects Technology for Distributed Object Computing". Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-05-02.
4. "List of ArcaOS 5.0 WPS Classes". Retrieved 2020-09-03.
5. Lost in the Garden by Roger Sessions (August 1996)
6. Just a little SOM thing for Linux developers by Esther Schindler (February 2008)
7. Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols (February 8, 2008). "Reviving OS/2's best in the Linux desktop". Archived from the original on 2010-04-17.
8. The OS/2 petition, second round (2007–2010)
9. Ira R. Forman and Scott Danforth (1999). *Putting Metaclasses to Work*. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-43305-2.
Chapter 11 "Release-to-Release Binary Compatibility", page 246
An article with identical name and similar contents of the same author can be found on the Web: Release-to-Release Binary Compatibility Archived 2015-10-03 at the Wayback Machine
10. "Policies/Binary Compatibility Issues With C++ - KDE Community Wiki". *community.kde.org*.
11. "Novell To Ship New OpenDoc(TM) Developer Release | Micro Focus". *www.novell.com*.

## InfoBox

IBM SOMobjects
|
|  |
| Developer(s) | IBM |
|  | |
| Stable release | 3.0 / December 1996 |
|  | |
| Operating system | OS/2, Windows, AIX, Classic Mac OS, Copland, OS/390, NonStop OS, OS/400 |
| Type | object-oriented shared library system |


title: Oh Yes

abstract: "Oh Yes" is the third single by rapper Juelz Santana from his second studio album What the Game's Been Missing!. The song samples The Carpenters' cover version of the song "Please Mr. Postman", originally performed by The Marvelettes.

text:
# Oh Yes

"**Oh Yes**" is the third single by rapper Juelz Santana from his second studio album *What the Game's Been Missing!*.

The song samples The Carpenters' cover version of the song "Please Mr. Postman", originally performed by The Marvelettes.

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (2006) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 56 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 15 |
| US Hot Rap Songs (*Billboard*) | 8 |
| US Rhythmic (*Billboard*) | 29 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2006) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 84 |

## InfoBox

| "Oh Yes" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Juelz Santana | |
| from the album  *What the Game's Been Missing!* | |
| B-side | "Shottas" |
| Released | January 5, 2006 |
| Recorded | 2005 |
| Genre | East Coast hip hop |
| Length | 3:04 |
| Label | Diplomat, Def Jam |
| Songwriter(s) | Juelz Santana, The Heatmakerz, William Garrett, Georgia Dobbins, Robert Bateman, Brian Holland, Freddie Gorman |
| Producer(s) | Heatmakerz |
| Juelz Santana singles chronology | |
| "There It Go (The Whistle Song)"
(2005) "**Oh Yes**"
(2006) "Run It!"
(2005) | |
|  | |
| Audio | |
| "Oh Yes" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Tell Me (Bobby Valentino song)

abstract: "Tell Me" is a song by American R&B singer Bobby Valentino. It was released in the summer of 2005, as the second single from his debut album. The remix of the song features Lil Wayne from Bobby Valentino. The song samples "Yearning for Peace" composed by Tan Dun on the Hero soundtrack, starring Jet Li. British R&B singer Stevie Hoang's song No Games sampled from the same source.

text:
# Tell Me (Bobby Valentino song)

"**Tell Me**" is a song by American R&B singer Bobby Valentino. It was released in the summer of 2005, as the second single from his debut album. The remix of the song features Lil Wayne from *Bobby Valentino*. The song samples "Yearning for Peace" composed by Tan Dun on the *Hero* soundtrack, starring Jet Li. British R&B singer Stevie Hoang's song *No Games* sampled from the same source.

## Music video

The video directed by Erik White featured a remixed version with rapper Lil Wayne, but that version was not featured on the album.

## Charts

## InfoBox

| "Tell Me" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Bobby Valentino | |
| from the album  *Bobby Valentino* | |
| Released | August 2, 2005 |
| Recorded | 2004–05 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 4:20 |
| Label | Disturbing tha Peace, Def Jam |
| Songwriter(s) | Tim Kelley • Bob Robinson • Bobby WilsonTan DunDwayne Carter (Remix) |
| Producer(s) | Tim & Bob |
| Bobby Valentino singles chronology | |
| "Slow Down"
(2005) "**Tell Me**"
(2005) "Pimpin' All Over the World"
(2005) | |


title: Theodore A. Kiesselbach

abstract: Theodore Alexander Kiesselbach (1884–1964) fondly referred to as "Mr. Corn" was an Agronomist, educator, author or co-author of over 140 articles, and an internationally renowned major developer of corn hybrids who lived in Lincoln, Nebraska. Kiesselbach was born in Shelby, Nebraska to Alexander and Caroline Bayrhoffer Kiesselbach on March 14, 1884. He trained as both an undergraduate and graduate student at the University of Nebraska where he trained with Charles Bessey, receiving a BS in 1908, an MA in 1912, and a PhD in 1918. He joined the faculty of the University of Nebraska first as a field instructor in 1909 and in 1912 became a professor and member of the graduate faculty, a position he continued to hold until his retirement in 1952. He played a key role in developing hybrid varieties of corn and helped improve other crops through his team’s research in the Agronomy Department at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, College of Agriculture. In 1913 he developed the first hybrid corn variety in the western United States, and by the 1940s hybrids he developed were widely adopted, accounting for $42M of farm income in Nebraska alone in 1949. In 1949 he published "The Structure and Reproduction of Corn", a reference work which was widely adopted and reprinted until at least 1998. Among the students he trained at the University of Nebraska was Charles O. Gardner. Kiesselbach was elected as a Fellow of the American Society of Agronomy in 1927 and was received the Hoblitzell National Award in 1951.

text:
# Theodore A. Kiesselbach

**Theodore Alexander Kiesselbach** (1884–1964) fondly referred to as "*Mr. Corn*" was an Agronomist, educator, author or co-author of over 140 articles, and an internationally renowned major developer of corn hybrids who lived in Lincoln, Nebraska.

Kiesselbach was born in Shelby, Nebraska to Alexander and Caroline Bayrhoffer Kiesselbach on March 14, 1884. He trained as both an undergraduate and graduate student at the University of Nebraska where he trained with Charles Bessey, receiving a BS in 1908, an MA in 1912, and a PhD in 1918. He joined the faculty of the University of Nebraska first as a field instructor in 1909 and in 1912 became a professor and member of the graduate faculty, a position he continued to hold until his retirement in 1952.

He played a key role in developing hybrid varieties of corn and helped improve other crops through his team’s research in the Agronomy Department at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, College of Agriculture. In 1913 he developed the first hybrid corn variety in the western United States, and by the 1940s hybrids he developed were widely adopted, accounting for $42M of farm income in Nebraska alone in 1949. In 1949 he published "The Structure and Reproduction of Corn", a reference work which was widely adopted and reprinted until at least 1998. Among the students he trained at the University of Nebraska was Charles O. Gardner.

Kiesselbach was elected as a Fellow of the American Society of Agronomy in 1927 and was received the Hoblitzell National Award in 1951.


title: Thomas Henry Thompson House

abstract: The Thomas Henry Thompson House is a historic house in St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin, United States, built in 1882. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It was listed for its local significance in architecture and association with a significant individual. It is a locally notable example of Italianate architecture and was the home of business leader Thomas Henry Thompson, an Irish immigrant whose 1866 general store was the primary mercantile outfit in northwest Polk County. Thompson later served as vice-president of the Bank of St. Croix Falls, and was a local promoter of telephones and automobiles. He died in 1911.

text:
# Thomas Henry Thompson House

The **Thomas Henry Thompson House** is a historic house in St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin, United States, built in 1882. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It was listed for its local significance in architecture and association with a significant individual. It is a locally notable example of Italianate architecture and was the home of business leader Thomas Henry Thompson, an Irish immigrant whose 1866 general store was the primary mercantile outfit in northwest Polk County. Thompson later served as vice-president of the Bank of St. Croix Falls, and was a local promoter of telephones and automobiles. He died in 1911.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Thomas Henry Thompson House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| The Thomas Henry Thompson House from the east | |
| Location | 205 S. Adams St.<br>St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin |
| Coordinates | 45°24′32.3″N 92°38′37.4″W / 45.408972°N 92.643722°W / 45.408972; -92.643722 |
| Area | .39 acres (0.16 ha) |
| Built | 1882 |
| Architectural style | Italianate |
| NRHP reference No. | 84003777 |
| Added to NRHP | March 8, 1984 |