title: Nampcelles-la-Cour

abstract: Nampcelles-la-Cour is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

text:
# Nampcelles-la-Cour

**Nampcelles-la-Cour** (French pronunciation: \[nɑ̃sɛl la kuʁ\]) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 188 |  |
| 1975 | 167 | −1.68% |
| 1982 | 152 | −1.34% |
| 1990 | 141 | −0.93% |
| 1999 | 133 | −0.65% |
| 2007 | 135 | +0.19% |
| 2012 | 131 | −0.60% |
| 2017 | 118 | −2.07% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## InfoBox

| Nampcelles-la-Cour | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall of Nampcelles-la-Cour | |
| Location of Nampcelles-la-Cour | |
| Nampcelles-la-CourNampcelles-la-Cour | |
| Coordinates: 49°46′45″N 4°00′14″E / 49.7792°N 4.0039°E / 49.7792; 4.0039 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Aisne |
| Arrondissement | Vervins |
| Canton | Vervins |
| Intercommunality | Thiérache du Centre |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Alain Guillaume |
| Area**1** | 10.89 km2 (4.20 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 113 |
| Density | 10/km2 (27/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 02535 /02140 |
| Elevation | 122–207 m (400–679 ft)
(avg. 133 m or 436 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Indore–Pune Express (via Panvel)

abstract: The 19311/19312 Indore–Pune Express via Panvel was an Mail/Express train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Indore, the largest city and commercial hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Pune, the commercial hub of Maharashtra. 19311/19312 was also the old numbering for 22943/44 Daund-Indore Superfast but in July 2016, 22943/44 got promoted to superfast service and railways had to change its number, and then 19311/13 Indore-Pune Express via Panvel was announced as a separate train. It was the second rail connection between Indore and Pune, other being Indore–Pune Superfast Express. This is first train from Indore to Navi Mumbai connecting Indore to Kalyan, Bhiwandi, Panvel, Karjat stations of Navi Mumbai. Currently this train is not operational since its predecessor train 22943/44 Daund-Indore Superfast has been made a daily service since its inception after COVID-19 breakout in India which had made the Indian Railways come to a halt.

text:
# Indore–Pune Express (via Panvel)

The 19311/19312 **Indore–Pune Express via Panvel** was an Mail/Express train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Indore, the largest city and commercial hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Pune, the commercial hub of Maharashtra.

19311/19312 was also the old numbering for 22943/44 Daund-Indore Superfast but in July 2016, 22943/44 (then called Pune Indore Express) got promoted to superfast service and railways had to change its number, and then 19311/13 Indore-Pune Express via Panvel was announced as a separate train.

It was the second rail connection between Indore and Pune, other being Indore–Pune Superfast Express. This is first train from Indore to Navi Mumbai connecting Indore to Kalyan, Bhiwandi, Panvel, Karjat stations of Navi Mumbai.

Currently this train is **not operational** since its predecessor train 22943/44 Daund-Indore Superfast has been made a daily service since its inception after COVID-19 breakout in India which had made the Indian Railways come to a halt.

## Coach composition

The train consisted of 17 coaches:

* 1 AC II Tier
* 3 AC III Tier
* 7 Sleeper class
* 4 General Unreserved
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake

## Service

* 19311/Pune–Indore Express had an average speed of 54 km/h and covers 966 km in 17 hrs 55 mins.
* 19312/Indore–Pune Express had an average speed of 49 km/h and covers 966 km in 19 hrs 35 mins.

## Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:

## Schedule

| Train number | Station code | Departure station | Departure time | Departure day | Arrival station | Arrival time | Arrival day |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19311 | PUNE | Pune Junction | 17:30 PM | Sun,Wed | Indore Junction | 11:25 AM | Mon,Thu |
| 19312 | INDB | Indore Junction | 16:50 PM | Tue,Sat | Pune Junction | 12:25 PM | Sun,Wed |

## Traction

Both trains are hauled by a Vadodara Electric Loco Shed-based WAP-5 or WAP-4E electric locomotives.

## InfoBox

Indore–Pune Express
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Service type | Mail/Express |
| Locale | Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra |
| First service | 28 June 2016 (2016-06-28) |
| Last service | 2022 (2022) |
| Current operator(s) | Western Railway |
| Route | |
| Termini | Indore Junction
Pune Junction |
| Stops | 16 |
| Distance travelled | 966 km (600 mi) |
| Average journey time | 19 hrs 35 mins |
| Service frequency | Bi-weekly |
| Train number(s) | 19311/19312 |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | AC 2 Tier, AC 3 Tier, Sleeper class, General Unreserved |
| Seating arrangements | Yes |
| Sleeping arrangements | Yes |
| Catering facilities | E-catering |
| Baggage facilities | Yes |
| Technical | |
| Rolling stock | ICF Coaches |
| Track gauge | 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) |
| Operating speed | 110 km/h (68 mph)Maximum Permissible Speed
49 km/h (30 mph) Average |


title: IFK Växjö

abstract: IFK Växjö is a sports club in Växjö, Sweden, established on 2 July 1919. The club runs track and field athletics and disabled sports, earlier even bandy and football. The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division in 1941. The women's football activity was transferred to Östers IF in 1983, leading to the establishments of Östers IF dam. Track and field athlete Carolina Klüft and singer John Lundvik have competed for the club.

text:
# IFK Växjö

**IFK Växjö** is a sports club in Växjö, Sweden, established on 2 July 1919. The club runs track and field athletics and disabled sports, earlier even bandy and football. The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division in 1941. The women's football activity was transferred to Östers IF in 1983, leading to the establishments of Östers IF dam.

Track and field athlete Carolina Klüft and singer John Lundvik have competed for the club.

## InfoBox

IFK Växjö
| Full name | Idrottsföreningen kamraterna Växjö |
| --- | --- |
| Sport | track and field athletics, disabled sports<br>bandy, football (earlier) |
| Founded | 2 July 1919 (1919-07-02) |
| Based in | Växjö, Sweden |
| Stadium | Värendsvallen |


title: Vanessa Rousso

abstract: Vanessa Ashley Rousso is an American professional poker player, attorney, DJ, and television personality. Rousso was a member of Team PokerStars from 2006 to 2015, with the online name Lady Maverick, and was a spokesman for GoDaddy.com from 2009 to 2013. She has earned money as a professional poker player since 2005. Between 2005 and 2011, Rousso finished in the money in numerous live poker events and accumulated nearly $3.5 million, but has been less active since, earning just $83,000 in live tournaments between 2012 and 2017. She has placed in the money seventeen times at the World Series of Poker. In 2007, she won over $700,000 with a second-place finish in the main event of the World Championship of Online Poker. As of September 2021, having not cashed at a tournament since 2017, Rousso still ranks among the top ten women in poker history in terms of all-time money winnings. Rousso has been a pro-gambling campaigner and activist. She has appeared on television in several cash or charity poker competitions, and finished in third place as a contestant on the 2015 season of Big Brother.

text:
# Vanessa Rousso

**Vanessa Ashley Rousso** (born February 5, 1983) is an American professional poker player, attorney, DJ, and television personality. Rousso was a member of Team PokerStars from 2006 to 2015, with the online name Lady Maverick, and was a spokesman for GoDaddy.com from 2009 to 2013. She has earned money as a professional poker player since 2005.

Between 2005 and 2011, Rousso finished in the money in numerous live poker events and accumulated nearly $3.5 million, but has been less active since, earning just $83,000 in live tournaments between 2012 and 2017. She has placed in the money seventeen times at the World Series of Poker. In 2007, she won over $700,000 with a second-place finish in the main event of the World Championship of Online Poker. As of September 2021, having not cashed at a tournament since 2017, Rousso still ranks among the top ten women in poker history in terms of all-time money winnings.

Rousso has been a pro-gambling campaigner and activist. She has appeared on television in several cash or charity poker competitions, and finished in third place as a contestant on the 2015 season of *Big Brother*.

## Early life and education

Her parents are Marc Rousso and Cynthia Bradley of Hobe Sound, Florida. Rousso began talking and reading at early ages says her mother, Cynthia Ferrara. Born in White Plains, New York, she moved with her family to France at the age of three. She lived in Paris, in her father's homeland until she was 10, when she moved briefly to Upstate New York. Rousso holds dual citizenship with the United States and France. After her parents divorced in 1992, her mother moved Vanessa to Florida to be near her maternal grandparents. Rousso attended Wellington Landings Middle School. The oldest of three athletic girls, Rousso was active on the high-school swimming, lacrosse and debating teams. She also played softball and basketball for fun. In debating, Rousso excelled in national debating tournaments in policy debating. Her mother is a guidance counselor at Jupiter Community High School. In 2001, Rousso graduated as valedictorian of her high school in Wellington, Florida. She maintained a 4.0 GPA at Wellington High School while participating in the National Honor Society, and French Honor Society. She founded the Environmental Club and served as its president. She was also active as a violinist, varsity swimmer, and volunteer for Mothers Against Drunk Drivers. Rousso has two younger sisters: Tiffany, a high-school teacher and contestant on the 18th season of Big Brother (US), and Leticia, an optometrist.

In college, she was on the Dean's list. After studying some game theory, she became proficient with the Rubik's Cube and then chess. However, because she considers both to be fairly objective static games, she began to prefer poker, which incorporated human psychology that allows for inferior hands to win. She graduated early from Duke University after two and a half years with a major in economics and a minor in political science in December 2003. Her collegiate duration of two and a half years was the shortest time to graduate in the history of Duke. Rousso began law school in 2004 and was the inaugural recipient of the Chaplin Scholarship from the University of Miami School of Law. During school she served on the editorial board of the *University of Miami Law Review*. In 2018 she enrolled in order to finish her law degree, which she completed that same year. Soon after graduating she passed the Florida Bar Exam.

A poker player since the age of five, Rousso began serious poker tournament play during her summer break from law school. Rousso did not initially finish law school, dropping out to pursue her burgeoning poker career instead. However, she returned to school in the fall of 2017, and graduated magna cum laude in the Spring of 2018.

As of September 2021, excluding online winnings, and having not cashed at a tournament since 2017, she ranks as number eight among women players in terms of all-time money winnings. She currently resides in South Florida. Her nickname was given to her by a relative when she sold shares of herself to enter a $25,000 buy-in event in a manner reminiscent of the eponymous hero of the 1994 Western movie *Maverick*.

## Poker career

Rousso built her first stake at Hard Rock sit & go ten-player tables, where first prize was $250. From there, she was able to save for a $1,500 entry fee in Atlantic City in late 2005, which she parlayed into $17,500. This enabled her to afford entry into the World Poker Tour event at the Bellagio in Vegas. She has been televised numerous times on both ESPN and the Travel Channel (among others). She has made several appearances on the *Poker After Dark* television program. Rousso has also been televised as part of the World Poker Tour. She is known for wearing a cap, headphones and designer sunglasses.

Her first win in a professional event came on June 13, 2005, in Las Vegas, Nevada, during the No-Limit Hold'em Summer Series. At the 2005 World Series of Poker, she placed 45th in a field of 601 in the Event 26, $1,000 Ladies No-Limit Texas hold 'em event, won by Jennifer Tilly on June 26.

On February 12, 2006, Rousso placed fifth at the final table of the 195-entrant $1,500 No-Limit Hold'em WSOP Circuit event at Harrah's Atlantic City.

Rousso joined the professional poker tour in April 2006, and by October was among the top 80 in earnings that year. In her first year of playing, Rousso had multiple in the money tournament finishes, including a seventh-place finish in a field of 605 at the $25,000 April 26, 2006 World Poker Tour (Season four) No-Limit Hold'em championship event, in which she earned $263,625 in prize money. By that time she was spending Tuesday through Thursday taking her law school classes, spending the rest of the week playing in poker tournaments and fielding endorsement offers from online poker clubs. On September 13, 2006, she won $285,450 with a first-place finish at the 173-entrant $5,000 no-limit hold 'em event at the 4th Borgata Open. At 2006 World Series of Poker she had three in the money finishes. She finished 80th in a field of 1068 in Event 4, $1,500 Limit Hold'em, 63rd in a field of 824 in Event 5, $2500 Short Handed No-Limit Hold'em, and she placed 8th of 507 in the Event 30, $5000 Short Handed No-Limit Hold'em event.

By 2007, Rousso was a notable poker star. In October 2007, Rousso was part of a contingent of poker industry representatives and leaders of the 800,000-member Poker Players Alliance who flew to Washington, D.C., to attempt to convince the United States Congress to overturn the 2006 Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act. The law compels financial institutions to monitor and stop their customers' cash transfers to unlawful online gaming sites. The group met with both the United States House Committee on the Judiciary and the United States House Committee on Financial Services. She spoke in favor of a proposal by Barney Frank to license and regulate online gambling. The alliance also spoke in favor of the Skill Game Protection Act proposed by Robert Wexler to exempt poker, mah-jongg, chess, bridge and other games where contestants compete against each other rather than the "house" from the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act. In May 2009, Frank, who had become the chairman of the House Committee on Financial Services in 2007, continued his efforts to "establish a framework to allow licensed gambling operators to process bets from players in the United States," with the support of the Poker Players Alliance and Harrah's Entertainment among others.

In 2007, she earned $700,782.50, her largest career payday at that time, during the World Championship of Online Poker NL Hold'em Main Event with a second-place finish in the 2998-entrant field. She had originally placed third in the event, but the winner was found to have violated the Pokerstars terms of service, which caused a disqualification ruling and caused all contestants to be elevated one place in the rankings. The tournament is run online by Rousso's sponsor, PokerStars, and she had originally earned the third place prize of $463,940.50. At 2008 World Series of Poker she again had three in the money finishes. She placed 57 of 605 in Event 38, $2000 Pot Limit Hold'em, placed 44 of 2693 in Event 52, $1500 No-Limit Hold'em, and 625 of 6844 in the Main event 54, $10,000 No-Limit Hold'em.

In January 2009, Rousso just missed the televised six-handed WPT final table while playing at the World Poker Tour Season VII Southern Poker Championship; she finished in seventh place and earned $79,117. In the head-to-head single-elimination 2009 National Heads-Up Poker Championship tournament, Rousso made it to the finals of the 64-person field before losing to Huck Seed. Along the way to her runner-up finish, she defeated Doyle Brunson, Phil Ivey, Paul Wasicka, Daniel Negreanu, and Bertrand Grospellier. Previously, Shannon Elizabeth's 2007 semi-final appearance had been the best female finish in the annual event. The March 68 tournament was broadcast on NBC over six consecutive Sundays from April 12 – May 17, 2009. As of July 2011, her tournament winnings exceed $3,100,000. In May 2009, Rousso won the 79-entrant 25,000 EPT High Roller Championship, which had a first prize of 720,000 Euros. However, at the final table, the three final contestants elected to chop chips at €420,000 and leave €150,000 for the winner. The €570,000 win, which converts to $749,467, represents the highest payday of her career. The win propelled Rousso to sixteenth place on the 2009 earnings list as of May 5.

In 2009, Rousso spoke in favor of changes to Florida gambling laws that would remove caps on buy-ins and wagers on poker in the state. She felt the gambling limitations precluded more strategic and skillful deeper-stack competition and said that Florida gamblers "don't have enough chips in front of them to play out the bets and raises that are required in the skillful aspect of the game". In 2007, a $100 cap replaced a $2/bet limit. This cap still prohibits large tournaments with multi-thousand dollar buy-ins from occurring in Florida.

Rousso had her own April 2009 poker instructional camp in South Florida. The camp related poker-playing and strategies to the strategies of military conflict in Sun Tzu's book, *The Art of War*. She called her camp "Big Slick boot camp" and charged a $399 participation fee. The camp's website makes the analogy of the Art of War and the Art of Poker.

At the 2009 World Series of Poker, she had four in-the-money finishes: She placed 27 of 201 in Event 2, $40,000 No-Limit Hold'em; placed 17 of 147 in Event 8, $2500 No-Limit 2-7 Draw Lowball; placed 19 of 770 in Event 31, $1,500 H.O.R.S.E.; and 15 of 275 in the Event 45, $10,000 World Championship Pot-Limit Hold'em. In the main event, she busted out on day 6 (officially known as day 2B). Rousso will be hosting *Stars of Poker* in France. On January 9, 2010, she finished first among 91 entrants to earn $24,725 at the $1,000 No-Limit Hold'em – Ladies Event at the PokerStars Caribbean Adventure.

At the 2010 World Series of Poker, she has had two in-the-money finishes: She placed 421 of 4345 in Event 3, $1,000 No-Limit Hold'em, and was eliminated in the quarter-final round of 256 entries, earning $92,580 in the $10,000 Heads-Up No-Limit Hold'em Championship. On December 8, 2010, she finished 3rd in a field of 438 at the $10,000 World Poker Tour No-Limit Hold'em Doyle Brunson Five Diamond World Poker Classic (which was won by Antonio Esfandiari), earning $358,964.

### World Series of Poker

|
|  |
World Series of Poker results
| Year | Cashes | Final Tables | Bracelets |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2005 | 1 |  | 0 |
| 2006 | 3 |  | 0 |
| 2008 | 3 |  | 0 |
| 2009 | 4 |  | 0 |
| 2010 | 2 |  | 0 |
| 2011 | 1 |  | 0 |
| 2013 | 1 |  | 0 |
| 2015 | 1 |  | 0 |
| 2016 | 1 |  | 0 |

In addition, Rousso had one cash at the 2014 World Series of Poker Asia Pacific event, and five cashes in various events on the World Series of Poker Circuit tournaments held annually as a build-up to the main World Series of Poker.

## Endorsements

Rousso was formerly sponsored by the PokerStars online poker cardroom under the screenname LadyMaverick as part of their *Team PokerStars*. Her sponsorship with PokerStars ended in February 2015.

Pokerstars approached *Sports Illustrated* about including a poker player in their 2009 Swimsuit edition. In her online blog on January 4, 2009, Rousso confirmed that she participated that week in a photo shoot in Nassau, Bahamas, when she was there for the PokerStars Caribbean Adventure poker tournament. Rousso appeared in an advertising feature paid for by PokerStars, rather than the swimsuit article itself, in the February 10, 2009, swimsuit issue. In the advertisement, Russo appeared in a bikini bottom and cutoff wetsuit top, in keeping with the swimsuit theme. Rousso's thoughts on the *Sports Illustrated* publicity was that "It was a great opportunity for poker in general and for me in particular."

In March 2009, Rousso signed to promote internet domain names by GoDaddy, a sponsor of the 2009 National Heads-Up Poker Championship. Rousso became an official GoDaddy Girl, replacing Amanda Beard. Rousso's contract as a spokesman for the company was renewed through to the final 2013 Heads-Up tournament event.

Rousso is regarded as one of the sexiest poker players in the world, ranking 18th by Bleacher Report in 2010, and in the top 20 by *Maxim* in 2010.

Rousso has worked with *American Poker Player*, writing on game theory, and worked with *Forbes*, teaching poker to its "100 Most Powerful Women".

## Non-poker activities

Rousso appeared on *Million Dollar Challenge* in 2009. She was a celebrity judge on *Bank of Hollywood* where she helped award some of her own money to contestants. She was a contestant on season 17 of the reality television show *Big Brother* in 2015, finishing in third place.

Rousso has become a music producer and DJ and has formed a DJ Duo called N1TEL1TE with her wife Melissa Ouellet. The duo released their first song, "Kiss Face", in February 2017.

## Personal life

In 2015, at the wrap party for *Big Brother*, Rousso announced her engagement to her long-term girlfriend Melissa Ouellet.

## InfoBox

| Vanessa Rousso | |
| --- | --- |
| Vanessa Rousso in the World Poker Tour Championship event (2007). | |
| Nickname(s) | Pokerness
Lady Maverick |
| Residence | Hobe Sound, Florida/Las Vegas, Nevada |
| Born | (1983-02-05) February 5, 1983
White Plains, New York |
| World Series of Poker | |
| Bracelet(s) | *None* |
| Money finish(es) | 17 |
| Highest ITM
Main Event finish | 511th, 2011 |
| World Poker Tour | |
| Title(s) | *None* |
| Final table(s) | 1 |
| Money finish(es) | 7 |
| European Poker Tour | |
| Title(s) | *None* |
| Final table(s) | *None* |
| Money finish(es) | 1 |
|


title: SC Atlético

abstract: Sport Club Atlético is a football (soccer) club based in Ribeira Brava and plays in São Nicolau Island League and had played in the Premier division in Cape Verde. Its current head is Artemiza Ramos and its coach is Pirico who is since January 2017. Also its honorary president is António Manuel Santos. Its nickname is Encarnados, the same nickname of Portugal's SL Benfica. SC Atlético is the second most successful football (soccer) club on the island, having won about 20 official regional titles.

text:
# SC Atlético

**Sport Club Atlético** (first part, Portuguese meaning: "athletics", Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: *SK Atlétiku*) is a football (soccer) club based in Ribeira Brava and plays in São Nicolau Island League and had played in the Premier division in Cape Verde. Its current head is Artemiza Ramos and its coach is Pirico who is since January 2017. Also its honorary president is António Manuel Santos. Its nickname is *Encarnados*, the same nickname of Portugal's SL Benfica.

SC Atlético is the second most successful football (soccer) club on the island, having won about 20 official regional titles.

## History

The club was founded on December 9, 1977. Their first island title was won in 1994 and won their second consecutive in 1995, their recent title win was in 2014. Atlético also has two cup wins, their first was in 2008 and their second and recent in 2014, their first ever Super Cup win was in 2014 and their recent was in 2016, also Atlético has two opening tournament titles, their first was won in 2001 and their second was in 2015 and their recent was in 2017.

In 1995, Atlético was to have their first CAF Cup appearance, the club were to participate in the first round against ES Sahel of Tunisia, as the Cape Verdean Football Federation did not name its entrant in time, the club was disqualified in the first round.

Their worst season was in 2005 when the club fielded ineligible players in every match especially Ultramarina and finished last place as the goals were awarded against them. It was the worst and one the clubs that fielded the most number of ineligible players in West Africa and probably that includes a third of the continent. The next time it happened in Cape Verde was in 2017 to Académica do Mindelo of São Vicente.

In 2007, SC Atlético celebrated its 30th anniversary of the club's foundation.

After winning their first cup title, they made their first appearance in the regional Super Cup and lost to Desportivo Ribeira Brava, the champion. Atlético had no appearance at the Cape Verdean Cup as it was cancelled that season. Atlético's next two appearances at the Super Cup were also unsuccessful, the latter was a loss to FC Ultramarina. After entering as a regional cup winner Atlético finally won the 2014 Super Cup after defeating Ultramarina, the cup winner, their next Super Cup appearance was two years later. Atlético's cup totals was second, shared with Ultramarina from 2014 until 2017 and AJAT'SN since 2016, their totals with AJAT'SN are third in the region.

One of the club's greatest season was the 2015–16 season and finished with 36 points, the club had no loss, their last loss at the regional championships was on April 25, 2015, to FC Ultramarina.

As 2016 regional champion, Atlético faced the cup winner AJAT'SN in the regional Super Cup on January 7, 2017, and defeated that club 3–0 to win their recent Super Cup title. A good start Atlético had for the 2017 season started second. Atlético's 13 match unbeaten streak ended with they lost to Desportivo Ribeira Brava 1–0 on January 21 and were placed fourth and remained to third round and became the club's lowest for the season, then climbed to second after victories to lesser teams, Praia Branca and Talho, they became third afterwards and two draws followed with Belo Horizonte and Preguiça, the second was a scoreless. A match on April 22, the 12th round defeated the lesser Talho 0–7 and made it the region's highest scoring match, also that time, their championship hopes faded. Académica Preguiça's loss to AJAT'SN handed its second place to Atlético and the club became third again. The final match of the season featured the third place club, Académica da Preguiça and lost the club and handed back the second position to that club and finished third.

Atlético started the 2018 regional season with a loss to Belo Horizonte 2–3 on January 6, a week later, they made a win over Ribeira Brava, then a draw with Ultramarina Tarrafal in the Island's derby, then the unpredictable, an 0–1 loss to Praia Branca and the club was sixth with 4 points, they had the same points with Talho and Praia Branca, the club had 3 goals scored and Atlético underwent having another worst season since 2005. A chance for a turnaround was made where the club defeated Talho at the fifth round. Their match with Académica Preguiça which was on February 10 was delayed due to its stadium João de Deus had no police or security presence, it was rescheduled a week later and ended in a two-goal draw. Two more sufferable losses came and most of the chances for another title, which would be back to back disappeared for good. Atlético with ailing Ribeira Brava, the unpredictable came as they suffered a 1–2 loss to that club and much of their chance for a back to back championship title was lost as they had 8 points (shared with Praia Branca and Talho) and is fifth place. Next was Ultramarina in the island's derby which ended in a goal draw and has 9 points, there Atlético lost all chances for a back to back regional title. The next two matches will be with Praia Branca of the northwest of the island and nearby Talho.

### National participation

The team had made it to the 1993 playoffs, the team lost all of the two final matches to CD Travadores 2–0 and 2–1.

In the 2002 national championship season, the club's first was a win over the mighty Sporting Praia at the first round, on May 25 at the third round, they had the highest scoring match which was 6–0 over Académica da Brava, the match was the season's highest until made it second on June 29 with Sporting Praia's 9–0 win over Académica Brava, they were first place for a week before dropping their positions to fifth as they would lose to Batuque of São Vicente. A goal draw with Académica do Fogo was followed after their bye week in the fifth round. Their three remaining matches ended in wins. Along with Académica do Fogo and Académico do Aeroporto, the club had 16 points and was third, it was second ranked. From the reintroduction of the group stage in 2003 up until the stage changed in 2016, not a single club would have 16 points. As the national championships became three groups and each club has a six match regular season, still not a single club has over 16 points today. Atlético finished fifth, shared with Académica Fogo and Académico do Aeroporto, they also had 5 wins and a draw, the difference was the club scored 15 goals, fewer than the two Académica affiliates.

In 19 years, the team made it to the 2012 playoffs and challenged Académica do Porto Novo in the semis and defeated 3–0 and 1–0 and challenged Sporting from Praia in the finals, the matches were tied 1 apiece in the first and the second was scoreless, they lost the penalty shootout to Sporting Praia and achieved second place, the team has never claimed national titles.

In 2014, the club finished third with 4 points and had 2 win. Two years later, Atlético also had their recent appearance at the nationals, they had a worst season, Atlético finished 5th with 4 points, a win and a draw, their worst that they conceded 10 goals.

## Rivalry

Ultramarina's only main rivalry is FC Ultramarina and is called the São Nicolau derby which started in about the start of the 1990s. One of their recent meetings was in week 1 of the 2015–16 season where they defeated that club.

## Stadium

The club and plays at Estádio João de Deus Lopes da Silva with a capacity of once served up to 1,000. The club also trains at the stadium. Other club playing at the stadium is Desportivo Ribeira Brava. Other clubs playing at the stadium but not based are Académica da Preguiça, Belo Horizonte and Talho of the neighboring community.

Its logo is Benfica based with some differences, a small tree is on top, other features has crest and inside reading "SCA" in the middle, the bottom reads "desporto e fraternidade" ("sports and fraternity") on the bottom, the club is rarely a Benfica affiliate.

## Uniform

Home uniform up to mid-2015               Away uniform up to 2015               Home uniform up to November 2016               Away uniform up to April 2017

Its uniform colors are red clothing with black shorts for home matches and red-white striped clothing (three red and four white stripes) with red sleeves and socks and a light blue shorts for away matches.

Its former uniform colours home games were with red T-shirt with white edges at the sleeves and white shorts and a black-white striped T-shirt (the top and bottom are coloured black) with black sleeved and white rims, red shorts and black socks, used up to the end of the 2014–15 season. From mid-2015 to around November 2016, its home uniforms were a red-white striped T-shirt, its left and right edges are coloured red, red sleeves, and the remainder of the clothing red, used during home matches and the away uniform which continued to be used to April 2017 was a white T-shirt with red sleeves along with red shorts and white socks.

## Honours

1983, 1987, 1993/94, 1994/95, 1999/00, 2001/02, 2011/12, 2013/14, 2015/16 2007/08, 2012/13 2008/09, 2013/14, 2015/16 2001/02, 2014/15, 2016/17

## League and cup history

### Performance in CAF competitions

1995: disqualified in First Round  ES Sahel – no matches took place

### National championship

| Season | Div. | Pos. | Pl. | W | D | L | GS | GA | GD | P | Notes | Playoffs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | 1A | **2** | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 3 | +3 | **5** | Did not advance | Did not participate |
| 2002 | 1 | **5** | 8 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 9 | +6 | **16** |  |  |
| 2012 | 1B | **1** | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 8 | +7 | **15** | Advanced into playoffs | 2nd place |
| 2014 | 1B | **3** | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | **7** | Did not advance | Did not participate |
| 2016 | 1A | **5** | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 10 | -5 | **4** | Did not advance | Did not participate |

### Island/Regional Championship

| Season | Div. | Pos. | Pl. | W | D | L | GS | GA | GD | P | Cup | Opening | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001–02 | 2 | **1** | 12 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 36 | 2 | +24 | **32** |  |  | Promoted into the National Championships |
| 2004–05 | 2 | **6** | 12 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 36 | -36 | **0** |  |  |  |
| 2011–12 | 2 | **1** | 14 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 30 | 12 | +18 | **30** |  |  | Promoted into the National Championships |
| 2013–14 | 2 | **1** | 14 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 27 | 8 | +22 | **32** | Winner |  | Promoted into the National Championships |
| 2014–15 | 2 | **2** | 14 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 9 | +10 | **30** |  | Winner |  |
| 2015–16 | 2 | **1** | 14 | 11 | 3 | 0 | 37 | 12 | +25 | **36** |  |  | Promoted into the National Championships |
| 2016–17 | 2 | **3** | 14 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 31 | 15 | +16 | **25** |  |  |  |
| 2017–18 | 2 | **5** | 14 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 12 | 15 | +3 | **15** |  |  |  |

## Statistics

* **Best position:** 2nd (national)
* **Best position at an opening tournament:** 1st
* **Best position at a regional Cup competition:** 1st
* **Appearances in a cup competition:** 14 (regional)
* **Appearances in a regional Super Cup competition:** 5
* **Highest number of points in a season:**
    + **National:** 16
    + **Regional:** 36
* **Highest number of goals scored in a season:**, National: 15 (regular season), 20 (total)
* **Highest number of wins in the national championships:** 7 (2004)
* **Lowest number of goals scored in a season:** 1 (national)
* **Lowest number of points in a season:** 0 (national)
* **Highest number of goals conceded in a season:** 10 (in 2016, regular season), 11 (in 2012, total)
* **Worst season:** 2005 (neither wins nor draws, all 12 losses)

## Managerial history

| Name | Nationality | From | To |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| José Ramos | Cape Verde |  | January 2017 |
| Pirico | Cape Verde | since January 2017 |  |

## InfoBox

Sport Club Atlético
| Full name | Sport Club Atlético |
| --- | --- |
| Nickname(s) | *Encarnados* |
| Founded | December 9, 1977 |
| Ground | Estádio João de Deus Lopes da Silva
Ribeira Brava, São Nicolau
Cape Verde |
| Capacity | 5,000 |
| Chairman | Artemiza Nascimiento |
| Manager | Pirico |
| League | São Nicolau Island League |
| 2016–17 | 3rd |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Anshan

abstract: Anshan is an inland prefecture-level city in central-southeast Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, about 92 kilometres (57 mi) south of the provincial capital Shenyang. As of the 2020 census, it was Liaoning's third most populous city with a population of 3,325,372 people, over an area of about 9,270 km⁲ (3,580 sq mi) spanning 133 km (83 mi) from east to the west. Its built-up area encompassing the 4 Anshan urban districts, the 4 out of 5 urban Liaoyang districts and Liaoyang county largely being conurbated, was home to 2,712,789 million inhabitants in 2020. The city's name came from the horse saddle-like shape of a nearby mountain south of the city, which can be seen on the left (west) about five minutes before the northbound train arrives at Anshan railway station. Anshan is home to the Anshan Iron and Steel Group, one of the largest steel producers in China. Anshan is sister city with Sheffield, United Kingdom. Anshan holds one-third of the world's supply of talcum and a quarter of the world's reserves of magnesite. Anshan also produced the largest ever jade stone, now a local tourist attraction carved as a Buddha statue.

text:
# Anshan

**Anshan** (Chinese: 鞍山; pinyin: *Ānshān*; lit. 'saddle mountain') is an inland prefecture-level city in central-southeast Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, about 92 kilometres (57 mi) south of the provincial capital Shenyang. As of the 2020 census, it was Liaoning's third most populous city with a population of 3,325,372 people, over an area of about 9,270 km2 (3,580 sq mi) spanning 133 km (83 mi) from east to the west. Its built-up area encompassing the 4 Anshan urban districts (1,543,696 inhabitants), the 4 out of 5 urban Liaoyang districts (796,962 inhabitants, Gongchangling not being conurbated yet) and Liaoyang county largely being conurbated, was home to 2,712,789 million inhabitants in 2020.

The city's name came from the horse saddle-like shape of a nearby mountain south of the city, which can be seen on the left (west) about five minutes before the northbound train arrives at Anshan railway station. Anshan is home to the Anshan Iron and Steel Group, one of the largest steel producers in China. Anshan is sister city with Sheffield, United Kingdom.

Anshan holds one-third of the world's supply of talcum and a quarter of the world's reserves of magnesite. Anshan also produced the largest ever jade stone, now a local tourist attraction carved as a Buddha statue.

## History

The area of Anshan has been inhabited since prehistoric times. It has been a site of iron mining and metallurgy for over 2,000 years. The area remained of little significance, a small city in Liaodong province, overshadowed by neighbouring Liaoyang city, until the mid-20th Century.

In 1587 Anshan was fortified by the Ming Dynasty to combat the growing power of the Manchu. The city was burnt down during the Boxer Rebellion, and was destroyed again in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). As a result of this war, Japan had gained influence in Liaoning and was engaged in industrialising the region. Anshan lay beside the new South Manchuria Railway line that ran from the port of Dalian to the major city of Shenyang.

From 1918 to 1945, Anshan was under Japanese colonial control and was a centre for modern iron and steel production. After the Mukden Incident in 1931, Japan occupied the northeast of China. The mills were turned into a Japanese-owned monopoly. In 1933, the site was expanded to include steel production and the company was renamed Showa Steel Works. Anshan became part of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. Additional industries developed around the iron and steel mills. Anshan grew significantly in size around this new industrial site, becoming one of, if not the largest producers of iron and steel in Asia. It was therefore of strategic importance in the Pacific War, and was subject to several attacks by B-29 Superfortress strategic bombers of the USAAF. The Japanese Army detached the 1st *Chutai* (unit) of the 104th *Sentai* (squadron) of the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force, to Anshan, with other air squadrons for industrial defence purposes. Although this unit was equipped with modern Nakajima Ki-84 Ia (Manshu Type) Hayate "Frank" fighters, manufactured by Manshūkoku Hikōki Seizo KK, the plant suffered heavy damage from the air raids, losing up to 30% of its capacity.

After the war in Europe ended, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, as the Red Army simultaneously launched Operation August Storm. Soviet forces advanced rapidly and soon captured much of Manchuria from the Japanese. In late 1945, the Soviet Red Army occupied a large amount of Liaoning and took major portions of the area's manufacturing and mining equipment to the Soviet Union.

With the defeat of Japan in 1945, Anshan was returned to China along with the rest of the Chinese Manchuria. Civil war continued between the Nationalists and the Communists. The Nationalist Government attempted to revive manufacturing in the area during their period of control from 1946 to 1948. The city of Anshan was the scene of one of the battles of this war. The city was taken by the PLA on February 19, 1948. A monument in Lieshishan Park commemorates the battle.

The northeast of China was marked out to become a major industrial centre for the new People's Republic of China. Anshan was set to become a key part of this industrial development. Its mining and manufacturing industries had to be rebuilt almost from scratch, however. During this period, Anshan was given the same status as provinces, although it was reversed after the period ended. In December 1948, the Anshan Iron and Steel Company—also known as *Angang*—was founded. It was a centre of industrialization as part of China's First Five-Year Plan. Production in the newly repaired steel plant resumed on July 9, 1949. The plant was expanded to become the largest steel producer in China. Other industries set up alongside the steel plant including mining for coal, iron and other minerals. This industrial wealth had an environmental cost. The open-hearth furnaces of the steel mill created large amounts of dust and other pollution. Along with its growing reputation as a major steel producer. Anshan's cleanliness has been consistently subpar, leading to a negative reputation for the town.

Anshan became a formal administrative region under the Northeastern People's Government (later renamed as the Northeastern Administration Commission) in November 1949.

Anshan is reported to have served as a base for Soviet MIG fighter aircraft and pilots during the Korean War (1950–1953) in air combat operations against US/UN forces.

On March 12, 1953, the city became a municipality under the Central Government's direct administration. Haicheng County and Xiuyan County were subordinated to Liaodong Province. Tai'an County was subordinated to Liaoxi Province. On August 22, 1954, the central government decided that Anshan should be administered by Liaoning Province. The State Council confirmed that Anshan should be in charge of Xiuyan County and Haicheng City in 1985.

The furnaces of the steel plant were changed in the 1980s to designs which blow oxygen in from the front. This increased the production and also reduced pollution. In the 1990s, they were additionally altered to blow oxygen in from the top as well. This further increases production and reduces pollution. In December 2000, all three production lines of Anshan Iron and Steel Company switched from mould-casting to continuous casting. This new technology has significantly reduced the dust and other pollution in the city. The new plant equipment is also much less labour-intensive. This has meant a reduction in the workforce has caused an unemployment problem in the city. A new drive to market Anshan as a tourist destination is hoped to help bolster the city's economy.

## Geography

Sited north of the Liao River plains, Anshan has wide flat lands in the west and central regions that develop into hilly and mountainous terrain on the southeastern fringes, which is bounded by the Qian Mountains and contains the famous Qianshan National Park. The region is rich in minerals including iron ore, coal, magnesite, talcum and jade. The plains of western Anshan have large flat fertile fields ideal for agriculture, with 24,480 hectares (60,500 acres) of arable land accounting for 26.4% of its total land area. One such agricultural product that Anshan has become renowned for is the Nanguo pears (Chinese: 南果梨, *Pyrus ussuriensis c.v. Nanguo*), nicknamed the "king of pears". Anshan was used as a travel post with motels during the Ming Dynasty (Chinese: 明朝) for travellers who passed by on work duty.

### Climate

Anshan has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen *Dwa*) characterised by hot, humid summers, due to the monsoon, and rather long, cold, and arid winters, due to the Siberian anticyclone. The four seasons here are distinctive. Nearly half of the annual rainfall occurs in July and August. The monthly 24-hour average temperatures ranges from −8.1 °C (17.4 °F) in January to 25.3 °C (77.5 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 10.2 °C (50.4 °F). Sunshine is generous and amounts to 2,543 hours annually, while relative humidity averages 58%, ranging from 47% in March and April to 75% in July and August. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −26.9 °C (−16.4 °F) up to 36.7 °C (98.1 °F).

| Climate data for Anshan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.9
(48.0) | 17.5
(63.5) | 21.0
(69.8) | 30.2
(86.4) | 34.7
(94.5) | 36.5
(97.7) | 36.7
(98.1) | 36.0
(96.8) | 32.6
(90.7) | 29.2
(84.6) | 22.7
(72.9) | 15.5
(59.9) | 36.7
(98.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.3
(26.1) | 1.2
(34.2) | 8.4
(47.1) | 17.4
(63.3) | 24.2
(75.6) | 28.0
(82.4) | 30.0
(86.0) | 29.2
(84.6) | 24.9
(76.8) | 17.1
(62.8) | 7.1
(44.8) | −0.7
(30.7) | 15.3
(59.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.6
(18.3) | −3.3
(26.1) | 3.6
(38.5) | 12.1
(53.8) | 18.9
(66.0) | 23.3
(73.9) | 25.9
(78.6) | 25.0
(77.0) | 19.9
(67.8) | 12.1
(53.8) | 2.7
(36.9) | −5.0
(23.0) | 10.6
(51.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −11.2
(11.8) | −7.1
(19.2) | −0.5
(31.1) | 7.5
(45.5) | 14.1
(57.4) | 19.0
(66.2) | 22.3
(72.1) | 21.4
(70.5) | 15.5
(59.9) | 7.7
(45.9) | −1.1
(30.0) | −8.6
(16.5) | 6.6
(43.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −26.9
(−16.4) | −23.9
(−11.0) | −24.0
(−11.2) | −6.3
(20.7) | 1.2
(34.2) | 8.0
(46.4) | 13.6
(56.5) | 9.5
(49.1) | 1.7
(35.1) | −6.2
(20.8) | −16.0
(3.2) | −24.5
(−12.1) | −26.9
(−16.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 8.1
(0.32) | 10.1
(0.40) | 17.7
(0.70) | 37.2
(1.46) | 65.4
(2.57) | 87.6
(3.45) | 154.8
(6.09) | 180.2
(7.09) | 54.7
(2.15) | 44.9
(1.77) | 27.6
(1.09) | 13.0
(0.51) | 701.3
(27.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.6 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 11.1 | 13.2 | 11.0 | 7.5 | 6.6 | 5.2 | 3.7 | 85.5 |
| Average snowy days | 5.7 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 26.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 53 | 47 | 45 | 44 | 49 | 60 | 71 | 71 | 61 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 55 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 186.1 | 196.4 | 236.2 | 241.5 | 270.5 | 238.5 | 213.6 | 222.4 | 236.3 | 213.2 | 173.1 | 167.6 | 2,595.4 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 62 | 65 | 64 | 60 | 60 | 53 | 47 | 53 | 64 | 63 | 59 | 59 | 59 |
| Source 1: China Meteorological Administration | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Source 2: Weather China | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Administrative divisions

Anshan is divided into four districts, one town, one county and one autonomous county.

| Map | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | | | |
| Name | Chinese () | Hanyu Pinyin | Population
(2003 est.) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Tiedong District | 铁东区 | *Tiědōng Qū* | 490,000 | 30 | 16,333 |
| Tiexi District | 铁西区 | *Tiěxī Qū* | 290,000 | 34 | 8,529 |
| Lishan District | 立山区 | *Lìshān Qū* | 420,000 | 55 | 7,636 |
| Qianshan District | 千山区 | *Qiānshān Qū* | 260,000 | 503 | 517 |
| Haicheng City | 海城市 | *Hǎichéng Shì* | 1,130,000 | 2,732 | 414 |
| Tai'an County | 台安县 | *Tái'ān Xiàn* | 380,000 | 1,393 | 273 |
| Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County | 岫岩满族
自治县 | *Xiùyán Mǎnzú
Zìzhìxiàn* | 510,000 | 4,502 | 113 |

## Economy

The north east of China is a major industrial zone and Anshan is one of the key sites of the north east. Anshan is in the midst of a at least a quarter of China's iron and coal resources. The city is renowned as "China's capital of iron and steel". Prior to the development of the Iron and Steel industries, Anshan was a relatively small city of little importance. As the steel mills expanded, so to did the city. Spin off industries developed alongside the steel plant making the area a centre of heavy industry.

As a joint Sino-Japanese venture, Anshan Zhenzing Iron Ore Company Unlimited was started in Anshan in 1918. When Japan occupied Northeast China in 1931, these mills were turned into a Japanese owned monopoly. Anshan subsequently became part of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo and additional industries developed around the iron and steel mills. Due to its mills, the city became a significant strategic industrial hub during World War II and as such, was subject to constant Allied bombing during the war.

Total production of processed iron in Manchuria reached 1,000,000 tonnes in 1931–32, of which almost half was made by Shōwa Steel in Anshan. Iron production grew to 7,000,000 tonnes in 1938 and by 1941, Shōwa Steel Works had a total capacity production of 1,750,000 tonnes of iron bars and 1,000,000 tonnes of processed steel. By 1942, Anshan's Shōwa Steel Works total production capacity reached 3,600,000 tonnes, making it one of the major iron and steel centers in the world.

In 1945 the steel plant was looted by Soviet forces. The Republic of China government partially repaired the site, but it was destroyed again during the Chinese civil war that saw the Communist forces victorious. The mills were once again repaired and Anshan Iron and Steel Company (Angang) was founded in 1948. From then to 2001, the company produced 290 million tons of steel, 284 million tons of pig iron and 192 million tons of rolled steel. Until  the opening of a new steel plant in Shanghai, Angang was the largest steel producer in China. Today, Angang consists of three steelworks with 13 rolling mills plus supporting plants which produce coke, refractory materials and machinery for the steel plants. The company has an annual production capacity of 10 million tons of pig iron, 10 million tons of steel and 9.5 million tons of rolled steel. A quarter of China's total iron ore reserves, about 10 billion tons, are located in Anshan, ensuring that the city will remain an important steel producer well into the future.

Anshan is rich in other mineral wealth too. The southern and south eastern areas of Anshan are rich in magnesite, with reserves equivalent to a quarter of all worldwide reserves. Anshan also has the world's largest reserve of talcum, accounting for fully one third of the entire world supply. The Xiuyan area of Anshan is known for the production of jade. The largest single jade stone ever found came from Xiuyan, now carved into the form of a Buddha, it is a major tourist attraction in the area.

Anshan is serviced by Shenyang airport, about 90 kilometres (56 miles) to the north, and by two major highways linking it with Shenyang and Dalian.

The government of Anshan established a five-year plan in 2000 with the aim of turning the city into a strong modern industrial city with plenty of tourism. It also aimed to make the city GDP reach 100 billion RMB by 2005 and to build a modern industrial city by using advances in technology to transform the traditional industries. Attracting foreign investment is also another main idea in the plan. The Anshan government anticipates the foreign investment assets would be around 80 billion RMB by 2005.

Anshan has been identified by the Economist Intelligence Unit in the November 2010 Access China White Paper as a member of the CHAMPS (**C**hongqing, **H**efei, **A**nshan, **M**aanshan, **P**ingdingshan and **S**henyang), an economic profile of the top 20 emerging cities in China. The opportunities for engaging Anshan's consumers have been documented by the ethnographer and cultural sociologist Michael B. Griffiths.

## Demographics

Out of the 3,584,000 people living in Anshan prefecture, 519,400 are ethnic Manchu, a holdover from northeast China's historical rule by the ethnic group. They are mainly in or around the Xiuyan Man regional ethnic autonomy area which is within Anshan's borders. During the last years of the Qing dynasty, large numbers of Han people migrated to the north east in search of work. This pattern continued into the 20th century. The development of Anshan as a large industrial center during and after World War II caused the city's population to increase rapidly, and the new arrivals began to significantly outnumber the local Man people. As of the last census data, Anshan was home to 48 Chinese ethnic groups. The Han people make up the lion's share at 3,020,500 people. Next, after the Han and Man people, come the Hui and the Chaoxian with 23,400 and 10,000 people respectively. The Hui population is widely dispersed but the Chaoxian population is mostly concentrated in Teixi (West district) and Qianshan district.

Anshan has a population of 3.65 million at the 2010 census. As the city has expanded, the area between Anshan and the neighbouring city of Liaoyang has become urbanised, with little or no farmland visible on route between them. According to the 2010 census, the conurbation of urban Anshan and urban Liaoyang districts contains 2.17 million inhabitants.

The city of Anshan can be divided into districts. The East district, Tiedong has a population of 452,900. The western district, Tiexi has 311,600 people. These two districts are demarcated by the railway lines that run north to south through the city. The north western portion of the city is dominated by the large steel works of Angang. The district of Lishan houses 425,600 people and the suburbs of Qianshan district have 366,200 soles. Within Anshan prefecture lies the subordinate city of Haicheng which accounts for 1,181,100 people. The neighbouring subordinate town of Tai'an has 354,700 people.

## Transportation

Anshan has no river or sea port. The nearby military airport, Anshan Teng'ao Airport (AOG), also accepts commercial domestic flights. Currently there are five routes in operation, Anshan–Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu and Nanjing, with one flight each per day throughout the year. Anshan Teng'ao Airport is 15 km (9 mi) southwest of the city centre. In addition to the small terminal building at the airport, there is also a city terminal situated just off Qianshan Road in Tiexi district. Passengers may buy tickets and check-in at the city terminal, from which they are taken by coach to the main airport terminal. The nearest other major commercial airports are Shenyang Taoxian International Airport (SHE), about 90 km (56 mi) to the north and Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport about 270 km (170 mi) to the south.

The city is beside the Shenyang–Dalian Expressway (part of the G15 Shenyang–Haikou Expressway), a privately funded eight-lane tolled highway, and was the first road of its kind in mainland China. The Liaozhong Ring Expressway (G91) passes just a few kilometers north of Anshan city. It connects east to Benxi and west onto the Jingshen Expressway (G1). The Panhai and Danxi Expressways (together forming the G16) pass through Anshan's counties of Haicheng and Xiuyan, connecting them to Yingkou and Panjin in the west and Dandong to the east.

Anshan is connected to the Chinese rail network with rail routes to Beijing, Dalian, and to the northeastern provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang as well as to eastern Inner Mongolia, and even a direct, albeit slow, train to Hong Kong. As of December 2012, the new Harbin–Dalian High-Speed Railway serves Anshan West Railway Station and Haicheng West Railway Station. It connects south to Dalian and north east to Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin. This line was hailed as the world's first alpine high-speed rail line. In summer it runs at its full speed of 300 km/h but in winter speeds are restricted to 200 km/h. High-speed services also run via Anshan to Beijing. Tai'an county of Anshan is served by another high-speed rail line linking Shenyang to Beijing.

Long-distance coaches run to all the main cities of the province as well as to Beijing.

Local transportation is primarily by bus or taxi. Anshan used to have a single tram line—along Zhonghua Avenue, through the city centre and past Angang main gate—but this has been closed and the tracks removed. Due to the flat topography of the city centre, bicycles are popular. Almost all roads have a wide cycle lane on each side. Often this lane is further protected by a traffic island that separates the bikes from larger motor vehicles.

## Tourist attractions

In recent years, Anshan has been trying to throw off its image as a heavy industrial town along with the dirt and pollution that goes with such industry. It has remodeled itself as a tourist destination.

Foremost among the attractions in Anshan is Qianshan National Park which is about 18 km (11 mi), by road, to the southeast of the city. Qianshan, literally 'Thousand Mountains', is an abbreviation of 'Thousand lotus flower mountains'. The peaks were said to resemble the petals of the lotus flower which had been dropped to earth by a goddess. The park area of 44 km2 (17 sq mi), is filled with both Buddhist and Taoist temples, monasteries and nunneries. It is one of few locations where both religions are found sharing the same site. Cars are not allowed within the park.

One of the mountains in the park is believed to resemble Maitreya Buddha. It is claimed to be the largest naturally occurring image of Maitreya in the world. Several temples have been built on the peaks of the overlooking hills. Near the Buddha is a bird park.

Another major tourist location is "219 Park". The name of the park commemorates the liberation of Anshan by the People's Liberation Army on February 19, 1948. The park contains the Dongshan (East Mountain) scenic area as well as numerous lakes.

Of particular note is the Jade Buddha Palace. This large Buddhist temple complex of 22,104 square metres, houses the world's largest statue of Buddha made of Jade (It is called jade in Chinese, but in English it is Serpentine). It is a single piece of jade stone measuring 6.88 metres in width, 4.10 metres front to back and 7.95 metres high. The jade stone weighs 260.76 tons. The front of the stone has been carved with an image of Sakyamuni (aka. Gautama) Buddha. On the back of the stone Guanyin (aka. Avalokitesvara) Buddha has been carved. The jade stone was found in 1960 in Xiuyan County. It was declared a treasure of the State and listed as a protected property by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai. Anshan city government commissioned the carving which took a team of 120 sculptures 18 months to complete. The temple complex was opened on September 3, 1996. The building that houses the Jade Buddha statue is 33 metres tall, representing the 33 layers of heaven in Buddhism. It claims to be one of the tallest two-story buildings of traditional Chinese architectural style in China.

Anshan contains naturally hot spring water spas. There are four spas/hotels in Anshan. Visitors may shower and bathe in the spring water. At Tanggangzi Spa, once frequented by the Qing Emperors of China, visitors may have mud treatment where they are buried in hot volcanic sand, which has been infused with the spring water. The geothermal energy is also used to provide hot steam and water for winter heating throughout the area.

## Education system

The city contains two large universities:

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Anshan 鞍山市 | |
| --- | --- |
| Prefecture-level city | |
| **Left to right, top to bottom:** Anshan skyline, the Jade Buddha Palace, Anshan Iron and Steel Works, the Anshan railway station, Lishan Temple | |
| Location of Anshan City jurisdiction in Liaoning | |
| AnshanLocation of the city centre in Liaoning | |
| Coordinates (Anshan municipal government): 41°06′29″N 122°59′38″E / 41.108°N 122.994°E / 41.108; 122.994 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Liaoning |
| Municipal seat | Tiedong District |
| Districts and Counties | List |
| Government | |
| Party Secretary | Wang Shiwei |
| Mayor | Wu Zhongqiong |
| Area | |
| Prefecture-level city | 9,270 km2 (3,580 sq mi) |
| Land | 8,563 km2 (3,306 sq mi) |
| Water | 689 km2 (266 sq mi)  7.4% |
| Urban | 794.9 km2 (306.9 sq mi) |
| Metro | 3,997.8 km2 (1,543.6 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 1,141 m (3,743 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 2 m (7 ft) |
| Population (2020 census) | |
| Prefecture-level city | 3,325,372 |
| Density | 360/km2 (930/sq mi) |
| Urban | 1,543,696 |
| Urban density | 1,900/km2 (5,000/sq mi) |
| Metro | 2,712,789 |
| Metro density | 680/km2 (1,800/sq mi) |
| GDP | |
| Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 233.7 billion
US$ 37.5 billion |
| Per capita | CN¥ 64,710
US$ 10,389 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 114010 |
| Area code | 412 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-LN-03 |
| Licence plates | 辽C |
| Administrative division code | 210300 |
| Website | Anshan.gov.cn |


title: Heinrich Decimator

abstract: Heinrich Decimator was a German Protestant theologian, astronomer and linguist of Mühlhausen in Thuringen. He was the son of the pastor Georg Decimator of Dodendorf. He studied theology until 1570 at University of Wittenberg. Then, he became a teacher in Mühlhausen. In 1579, he was ordained the pastor of Schnarsleben. During his tenure as pastor, he published various works, the Sylva vocabulorum, which was an example of plurilingual lexicography, the Thesaurus linguarum in universa vera Europa, a universal dictionary, and Libellus de stellis fixis et erraticis, an astro-poetical work.

text:
# Heinrich Decimator

**Heinrich Decimator** (c. 1544, Gifhorn \- 1615) was a German Protestant theologian, astronomer and linguist of Mühlhausen in Thuringen.

He was the son of the pastor Georg Decimator of Dodendorf. He studied theology until 1570 at University of Wittenberg. Then, he became a teacher in Mühlhausen. In 1579, he was ordained the pastor of Schnarsleben. During his tenure as pastor, he published various works, the *Sylva vocabulorum*, which was an example of plurilingual lexicography, the *Thesaurus linguarum in universa vera Europa*, a universal dictionary, and *Libellus de stellis fixis et erraticis*, an astro-poetical work.

## Works

* Decimator, Heinrich (1587). *Libellus de stellis fixis et erraticis non tantum Astronomis*. Magdeburg: Paul Donat.

* Decimator, Heinrich (1606). Megiser, Hieronymus (ed.). *Sylva vocabulorum et phrasium octo linguarum*. Leipzig: Henning Grosse. — Part 1: German headwords with equivalents in Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Chaldean, and French. Part 2: Dictionary of proper Latin names, human and geographic, with equivalents in Greek and German. Part 3: Thematic dictionary with Latin headwords and equivalents in Greek, Hebrew, Chaldean, French, Italian, German, Dutch, and Spanish.

* Decimator, Heinrich (1613). *Thesaurus linguarum*. Magdeburg: Johann Francke. — A monolingual Latin dictionary, augmented with equivalents in Greek, Hebrew, French, Italian, and German, to which is appended a compendious dictionary of Latin and Greek equivalents for German words and phrases indexed to the Latin dictionary. In all, some 1600 pages.


title: US Army Ranger (horse)

abstract: US Army Ranger is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. In May 2016 he won the Chester Vase on his second racecourse appearance and finished second when favourite for the 2016 Epsom Derby.

text:
# US Army Ranger (horse)

**US Army Ranger** (foaled 28 February 2013) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. In May 2016 he won the Chester Vase on his second racecourse appearance and finished second when favourite for the 2016 Epsom Derby.

## Background

US Army Ranger is a bay gelding with a white blaze bred in Ireland by Orpendale, Chelston & Wynatt, a breeding company associated with John Magnier's Coolmore Stud. He was named after an elite Special Forces unit of the United States Army named the Rangers

He was sired by Galileo, who won the Derby, Irish Derby and King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes in 2001. Galileo is now one of the world's leading stallions and has been champion sire of Great Britain and Ireland five times. His other progeny include Cape Blanco, Frankel, Golden Lilac, Nathaniel, New Approach, Rip Van Winkle and Ruler of the World. US Army Ranger's dam Moonstone was a top-class racemare who won the Irish Oaks having previously finished second in The Oaks. Her three previous foals were Nevis (winner of the Lingfield Derby Trial), Stubbs (third in the Doncaster Stakes) and Words (Munster Oaks). She was a descendant of Arctique Royale who won the Irish 1,000 Guineas and was closely related to Ardross, Scorpion and Electrocutionist.

Like many of Coolmore's best horses, US Army Ranger was sent into training with Aidan O'Brien at Ballydoyle. He has been ridden in all of his races by Ryan Moore.

## Racing career

### 2016: three-year-old season

On his racecourse debut US Army Ranger contested a maiden race over ten furlongs on heavy ground at the Curragh on 3 April 2016. Shortly before the race he was the subject of strong support in the betting for the Epsom Derby. Starting at odds of 15/8 he raced at the rear of the ten runner field before beginning to make steady progress at half way. He moved up to challenge the leaders in the last quarter mile, took the lead 50 yards from the finish and won "readily" by three quarters of a length from the Dermot Weld-trained favourite Aasheq. After the race Aidan O'Brien commented "Ryan said every time he went for him there was another gear there and he said he didn't go to the last gear" before indicating that the colt would have one more race before Epsom.

US Army Ranger was sent to England and stepped up in class for the Group Three Chester Vase (a major trial race for the Epsom Derby) on 5 May at Chester Racecourse. He was made the 4/11 favourite ahead of his stablemate Port Douglas (ridden by Seamie Heffernan) and four British-trained colts. After racing in second place behind Port Douglas (who was carrying four pounds more) he moved up on the inside to take the lead a furlong out. Port Douglas rallied and the favourite was "hard pressed" in the final strides before prevailing by a short head. The racecourse stewards held an inquiry into possible "team tactics" by the riders of the two O'Brien runners but took no action. Ryan Moore commented "He travelled through the race like a very good horse and I wanted to teach him plenty today. He just wanted to hang left at the end and he didn’t switch his leads and got a bit tired, but he’ll come on plenty for it. He's a beautiful mover with a good mind and a very well-balanced horse. The good ones move very well and he's one of those."

On 4 June US Army Ranger was part of a five horse O'Brien entry in a sixteen-runner field for the Epsom Derby and was made the 7/2 favourite ahead of Wings of Desire and Harzand. After being restrained by Moore at the rear of the field he was switched to the wide outside to make his challenge in the straight. He made rapid progress despite hanging left and got to within half a length of the leader Harzand in the final furlong. Harzand pulled ahead in the final strides and US Army Ranger finished second, beaten one and a half lengths.

After a break of two and a half months US Army Ranger started favourite for the Royal Whip Stakes at the Curragh on 21 August but never looked likely to win and finished fourth of the seven runners behind the four-year-old Success Days. In September he was made odds-on favourite for the Group Three Enterprise Stakes at Leopardstown Racecourse but was beaten half a length into second place by the filly Zhukova. Despite his moderate form US Army Ranger was made the 7/1 third favourite for the Champion Stakes at Ascot Racecourse on 14 October. After tracking the leaders he was outpaced in the straight and finished eighth of the ten runners behind Almanzor.

## Later career

US Army Ranger began his four-year-old season by running third to Air Pilot when favourite for the Alleged Stakes in April and then contested the Ormonde Stakes at Chester in May when he produced his best performance of the year, leading a furlong out before being caught on the line and beaten a short head by the six-year-old Western Hymn. After finishing last of the ten runners in the Coronation Cup at Epsom the colt was stepped up in distance for the Queen Alexandra Stakes at Royal Ascot and finished third behind Oriental Fox and Thomas Hobson. His next two runs were disappointing as finished unplaced in the Goodwood Cup in August and the Enterprise Stakes at Leopardstown in September.

In the autumn of 2017 US Army Ranger was acquired by Lloyd Williams and exported to race in Australia. On his debut for his new owner he started a 70/1 outsider for the Melbourne Cup and finished 18th of the 23 runners behind Rekindling. He remained in Australia where he was trained by Liam Howley. He eventually returned to the track in August 2019 when he finished last of seven in a minor handicap race at Caulfield Racecourse.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of US Army Ranger (IRE), bay gedling, 2013
| Sire
Galileo (IRE)
1998 | Sadler's Wells (USA)
1981 | Northern Dancer | Nearctic |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Natalma |
| | Fairy Bridge | Bold Reason |
| | Special |
| | Urban Sea (USA)
ch. 1989 | Miswaki | Mr. Prospector |
| | | Hopespringseternal |
| | Allegretta | Lombard |
| | Anatevka |
| Dam
Moonstone (GB)
2005 | Dalakhani (IRE)
2000 | Darshaan | Shirley Heights |
| | | Delsy |
| | Daltawa | Miswaki |
| | Damana |
| | Solo de Lune (IRE)
1990 | Law Society | Alleged |
| | | Bold Bikini |
| | Truly Special | Caerleon |
| | Arctique Royale (Family 23) |

## InfoBox

| US Army Ranger | |
| --- | --- |
| Racing silks of Sue Magnier | |
| Sire | Galileo |
| Grandsire | Sadler's Wells |
| Dam | Moonstone |
| Damsire | Dalakhani |
| Sex | Gelding |
| Foaled | 28 February 2013 |
| Country | Ireland |
| Colour | Bay |
| Breeder | Orpendale, Chelston & Wynatt |
| Owner | Susan Magnier, Michael Tabor and Derrick Smith
Lloyd Williams et al |
| Trainer | Aidan O'Brien
Joseph Patrick O'Brien
Liam Howey |
| Record | 14: 2-3-2 |
| Earnings | £428,147 |
| Major wins | |
| Chester Vase (2016) | |


abstract: The Piscataqua River is an 11.9-mile-long (19.2 km) tributary of the Presumpscot River in the U.S. state of Maine. Via the Presumpscot River, it is part of the watershed of Casco Bay, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean. It rises at the outlet of Forest Lake in the southern corner of the town of Gray, flows briefly northeast, then turns southeast and enters the town of Cumberland. Continuing southwest, it enters Falmouth, turns more south-southeast, and reaches the Presumpscot River just north of the Interstate 495 bridge.

text:
# Piscataqua River (Presumpscot River tributary)

The **Piscataqua River** is an 11.9-mile-long (19.2 km) tributary of the Presumpscot River in the U.S. state of Maine. Via the Presumpscot River, it is part of the watershed of Casco Bay, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean.

It rises at the outlet of Forest Lake in the southern corner of the town of Gray, flows briefly northeast, then turns southeast and enters the town of Cumberland.

Continuing southwest, it enters Falmouth, turns more south-southeast, and reaches the Presumpscot River just north of the Interstate 495 bridge.

Notes Bibliography

43°43′48″N 70°17′19″W / 43.73008°N 70.28866°W / 43.73008; -70.28866

## InfoBox

| Piscataqua River | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source |  |
| location | Maine |
|  | |


title: Nampont

abstract: Nampont is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

text:
# Nampont

**Nampont** (French pronunciation: \[nɑ̃pɔ̃\]; or Nampont-Saint-Martin) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Nampont is situated on the banks of the Authie river, at the junction of the N1 and D12 roads and on the border of the departments of the Somme and the Pas-de-Calais.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 342 |  |
| 1975 | 305 | −1.62% |
| 1982 | 263 | −2.09% |
| 1990 | 242 | −1.03% |
| 1999 | 228 | −0.66% |
| 2007 | 264 | +1.85% |
| 2012 | 239 | −1.97% |
| 2017 | 248 | +0.74% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## History

## Places and monuments

The *Maison Forte*, built in the 15th century as a border-post on the Authie. After the Spanish invasion, it was transformed into a customs post for the imposition of the *Gabelle* (taxes levied on salt and other commodities), between Spanish Artois and French Picardy.

Nowadays, the Maison Forte is the clubhouse of Nampont-Saint-Martin golf club. Public access is limited to exterior views from the road or the courtyard.

## InfoBox

| Nampont | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall and school in Nampont | |
| Location of Nampont | |
| NampontNampont | |
| Coordinates: 50°20′58″N 1°44′47″E / 50.3494°N 1.7464°E / 50.3494; 1.7464 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Somme |
| Arrondissement | Abbeville |
| Canton | Rue |
| Intercommunality | CC Ponthieu-Marquenterre |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Bertrand Dufour |
| Area**1** | 19.39 km2 (7.49 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 260 |
| Density | 13/km2 (35/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 80580 /80120 |
| Elevation | 2–67 m (6.6–219.8 ft)
(avg. 10 m or 33 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Opercularia ampluscolonia

abstract: Opercularia ampluscolonia is a species of freshwater, colonial, sessiline peritrich ciliates. This species produces a branched stalk that is often delicately striate in a longitudinal direction. There can be more than ninety-seven zooids per branched stalk. Zooids reproduce asexually and form dense clusters at the ends of each branch. This filter-feeding protist inhabits ponds in Mendocino County, California.

text:
# Opercularia ampluscolonia

***Opercularia ampluscolonia*** is a species of freshwater, colonial, sessiline peritrich ciliates. This species produces a branched stalk that is often delicately striate in a longitudinal direction. There can be more than ninety-seven zooids per branched stalk. Zooids reproduce asexually and form dense clusters at the ends of each branch. This filter-feeding protist inhabits ponds in Mendocino County, California.

## InfoBox

| *Opercularia ampluscolonia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| (unranked): | SAR |
| Phylum: | Ciliophora |
| Class: | Oligohymenophorea |
| Order: | Sessilida |
| Family: | Operculariidae |
| Genus: | *Opercularia* |
| Species: | ***O. ampluscolonia*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Opercularia ampluscolonia***<br> | |
|


title: Vaxell 100i

abstract: The Vaxell 100i is a Polish aircraft engine, designed and produced by Vaxell of Bydgoszcz for use in ultralight and homebuilt aircraft.

text:
# Vaxell 100i

The **Vaxell 100i** is a Polish aircraft engine, designed and produced by Vaxell of Bydgoszcz for use in ultralight and homebuilt aircraft.

## Design and development

The Vaxell 100i engine is a four-cylinder four-stroke, horizontally-opposed, 2,300 cc (140.4 cu in) displacement, air-cooled, direct-drive, gasoline engine design. It employs dual electronic ignition, electronic, multipoint fuel injection and produces 90 hp (67 kW) at 3100 rpm.

## Specifications (80i)

*Data from* Tacke

### General characteristics

* **Type:** Four cylinder, four stroke aircraft engine
* **Displacement:** 2,300 cc (140.4 cu in)
* **Length:** 670 mm (26.4 in)
* **Width:** 770 mm (30.3 in)
* **Height:** 380 mm (15.0 in)
* **Dry weight:** 74.85 kg (165.0 lb) dry weight

### Components

* **Fuel system:** electronic, multipoint fuel injection
* **Fuel type:** gasoline
* **Cooling system:** air
* **Reduction gear:** none

### Performance

* **Power output:** 90 hp (67 kW) at 3100 rpm

**Related lists**

## InfoBox

| 100i | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Aircraft engine |
| National origin | Poland |
| Manufacturer | Vaxell |


title: IFK Ystad HK

abstract: IFK Ystad HK is a Swedish handball club based in Ystad, founded in 1927.

text:
# IFK Ystad HK

**IFK Ystad HK** is a Swedish handball club based in Ystad, founded in 1927.

Ystadclass=notpageimage|Location of IFK Ystad HK

## History

The club won promotion to the top division, at the time known as Allsvenskan, in 1941, but were relegated after one season. They did not return until 1997, when the league had been renamed Elitserien. In 1998–99, IFK Ystad finished 7th in the autumn season and qualified for the spring season of Elitserien. They finished last (8th) in the spring league, but still qualified for the premilinary round of the playoffs. They eliminated Lugi HF in the preliminary round, but were defeated by HK Drott in the quarterfinals. In 1999–2000, the club finished 7th in the spring Elitserien and lost against Alingsås HK in the playoffs preliminary round. In the following season they improved to 4th and qualified directly for the quarterfinals, where they were eliminated by IFK Skövde. In 2001–02, IFK Ystad finished second in the spring league, but were defeated by Lugi HF in the quarterfinals. They finished fourth in the spring league in 2002–03, and were again eliminated in the quarterfinals, by IFK Skövde. For 2003–04 the autumn and spring leagues were discontinued and a single league was played each season. IFK Ystad finished 5th in Elitserien that season, and won against HK Drott in the quarterfinals, but were eliminated by IK Sävehof in the semifinals. In the following season the team finished 3rd in the league, but lost in the quarterfinals against HK Drott. IFK Ystad finished 5th in the league in 2005–06, and lost in the quarterfinals against Hammarby IF. In 2006–07 the club's fortunes turned for the worse, as they finished 13th and were relegated. They returned to the top division in 2008–09 and 2016–17, but were immediately relegated both times. In the 2017–18 season IFK Ystad play in Allsvenskan, the second level. For the 2018–19 season they were back in the top division. In 2021–22 they finished last, and were relegated to Allsvenskan again.

IFK Ystad have a long-standing rivalry with cross-town rivals Ystads IF.

### Kits

## Sports Hall information

## Former club members

### Notable former players

## InfoBox

| IFK Ystad HK | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | IFK Ystad Handbollsklubb |
| Short name | IFK |
| Founded | 1927 (1927) |
| Arena | Ystad Arena, Ystad |
| Capacity | 2,700 |
| President | Joakim Öhrström |
| Head coach | Fredrik Petersen |
| League | Allsvenskan |
| Club colours |  |
|  | |
| **Website** <br>Official site | |


title: Ontophylogenesis

abstract: Ontophylogenesis merges the concepts of Ontogenesis and Phylogenesis to yield Darwinian theory at the cellular level. Described by its originator Jean-Jacques Kupiec as "the extension of natural selection, taking place inside the organism among the cell populations of which it is constituted. It ends with evolution and ontogenesis merging into a single phenomenon." Hierarchical analysis of ontogenetic time describing heterochrony and taxonomy of developmental stages is viewed as a segmentation of ontogenetic time depicting phylogenesis. This permits the graphical depiction of time based evolutions of organs for a set of species, and is consistent with accepted theories of evolutionary biology.

text:
# Ontophylogenesis

**Ontophylogenesis** merges the concepts of Ontogenesis and Phylogenesis to yield Darwinian theory at the cellular level.

Described by its originator Jean-Jacques Kupiec as "the extension of natural selection, taking place inside the organism among the cell populations of which it is constituted. It ends with evolution and ontogenesis merging into a single phenomenon."

Hierarchical analysis of ontogenetic time describing heterochrony and taxonomy of developmental stages is viewed as a segmentation of ontogenetic time depicting phylogenesis. This permits the graphical depiction of time based evolutions of organs for a set of species, and is consistent with accepted theories of evolutionary biology.


title: Sabulina rubella

abstract: Sabulina rubella is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by several common names, including beautiful sandwort, mountain sandwort, Arctic sandwort, and boreal stitchwort. It has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout the northernmost Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic Circle on the Arctic tundra into the alpine climates of mountainous areas in temperate Eurasia and North America. It grows in rocky, moist, often barren habitat, including gravelly, sparsely vegetated slopes with little organic matter. It is a calciphile, growing in calcareous substrates such as soils rich in decomposed limestone. This is a small, mat-forming perennial herb growing in a low, tight clump of hairy, glandular herbage. The green, three-veined leaves are needlelike or flattened, no more than a centimeter long and a millimeter wide. The plant blooms in summer with tiny flowers made up of pointed sepals under 4 millimeters long and five white petals roughly the same length or slightly smaller.

text:
# Sabulina rubella

***Sabulina rubella*** is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by several common names, including **beautiful sandwort**, **mountain sandwort**, **Arctic sandwort**, and **boreal stitchwort**. It has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout the northernmost Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic Circle on the Arctic tundra into the alpine climates of mountainous areas in temperate Eurasia and North America. It grows in rocky, moist, often barren habitat, including gravelly, sparsely vegetated slopes with little organic matter. It is a calciphile, growing in calcareous substrates such as soils rich in decomposed limestone.

This is a small, mat-forming perennial herb growing in a low, tight clump of hairy, glandular herbage. The green, three-veined leaves are needlelike or flattened, no more than a centimeter long and a millimeter wide. The plant blooms in summer with tiny flowers made up of pointed sepals under 4 millimeters long and five white petals roughly the same length or slightly smaller.

## InfoBox

| *Sabulina rubella* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Caryophyllaceae |
| Genus: | *Sabulina* |
| Species: | ***S. rubella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Sabulina rubella***<br>(Wahlenb.) Dillenb. & Kadereit (2014) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| Synonymy * *Alsine hirta var. rubella* (Wahlenb.) C.Hartm. (1854) * *Alsine rubella* Wahlenb. (1812) (basionym) * *Alsine rubella* f. *glaberrima* Montell (1935) * *Alsine verna* var. *glacialis* Fenzl (1842) * *Alsine verna* var. *propinqua* (Richardson) Lange (1880) * *Alsinella rubella* (Wahlenb.) Sw. (1814) * *Alsinopsis propinqua* (Richardson) Rydb. (1906) * *Alsinopsis quadrivalvis* (R.Br.) Rydb. (1906) * *Arenaria aequicaulis* (A.Nelson) A.Nelson (1909) * *Arenaria cheirifolia* G.Don (1830) * *Arenaria cherlerifolia* G.Don (1830) * *Arenaria hirta* var. *glabrata* Cham. & Schltdl. (1826) * *Arenaria propinqua* Richardson in Bot. App., ed. 2: 17 (1823) * *Arenaria quadrivalvis* R.Br. (1823) * *Arenaria rubella* (Wahlenb.) Sm. (1814) * *Arenaria rubella* f. *epilis* (Fernald) Polunin (1939) * *Arenaria sulcata* Willd. ex D.F.K.Schltdl. (1816) * *Arenaria verna* var. *aequicaulis* A.Nelson (1899) * *Arenaria verna* f. *epilis* Fernald (1919) * *Arenaria verna* var. *propinqua* (Richardson) Fernald (1906) * *Arenaria verna* var. *rubella* (Wahlenb.) Britton ex Hook.f. (1860), nom. superfl. * *Minuartia propinqua* (Richardson) House (1921) * *Minuartia quadrivalvis* (R.Br.) House (1921) * *Minuartia rubella* (Wahlenb.) Hiern (1899) * *Minuartia rubella* f. *epilis* (Fernald) J.Cay. (1986) * *Minuartia rubella* var. *glabrata* (Cham. & Schltdl.) Peschkova (1979) * *Minuartia verna* subsp. *glacialis* (Fenzl) Kuvaev (1981) * *Minuartia verna* var. *rubella* Ostenf. (1920) * *Sabulina propinqua* (Richardson) Rydb. (1931) * *Tryphane rubella* (Wahlenb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve ex W.A.Weber (2009) * *Tryphane rubella* subsp. *propinqua* (Richardson) Á.Löve & D.Löve ex W.A.Weber (2009) | |


title: Hydra vulgaris

abstract: Hydra vulgaris, the fresh-water polyp, is a small freshwater hydroid with length from 10 mm to 30 mm and width about 1 mm.

text:
# Hydra vulgaris

***Hydra vulgaris***, the **fresh-water polyp**, is a small freshwater hydroid with length from 10 mm to 30 mm and width about 1 mm.

## Description

The hydra have four to twelve tentacles that protrude from just outside the mouth. They feed by extending their tentacles and waiting for food to touch the tentacles. They then bring the food to their mouth, ingest and digest the organism. Anything that cannot be digested is egested. Ingestion and egestion occur through the mouth.

Like other hydras, *Hydra vulgaris* cling to a base object with a "foot" pad, shaped like a disk. The *Hydra* moves by releasing its grip on its base and is carried away by the current. *H. vulgaris* can also move by bending over, grabbing a surface with its tentacles, releasing its grip with its "foot" and flipping over itself.

## Model organism

*H. vulgaris* is often used, like many hydra, as a model organism for morphallactic regeneration because they are easy to care for, requiring minimal direct care, and reproduce relatively quickly. It is reported that they do not undergo senescence, making them biologically immortal although this has been disputed.

## Neurology

Having the simplest nervous system of any known organism, the neurology of *H. vulgaris* is of interest to the neuroscience community, in the hopes that understanding such simple circuitry will be a precedent for understanding the more complex function of brains. The nervous system and resulting behaviors have been extensively studied by Rafael Yuste et al. As of 2021, *H. vulgaris* is the only animal for which the connection between its neural structure and every single one of its behaviors has been solved, with the exception of the neural code of the neurons themselves.

## Reproduction

This species can reproduce in three ways: sexual reproduction, budding, and indirectly through regeneration.

When hydra reproduce sexually, simple testes, ovaries, or both will develop on the bodies of an individual. Sperm released into the environment by the testes enters the egg within the ovary. The egg forms a chitinous exoskeleton and waits for favorable conditions before the organism will emerge.

Budding occurs when conditions are favorable; proper water temperature and enough food are the major factors. A miniature adult hydra will grow out of the body of the parent hydra. Once fully developed, it will separate from the parent and continue the life cycle. Hydras use this kind of reproduction more often because it is easier and will create more hydras than other methods.

The third method of reproduction is more of a survival mechanism than a reproduction mechanism. When a hydra is cut into segments, each segment, if large enough, will grow into an individual hydra sized relative to the size of the segment. This happens in other animals, such as the starfish.

## InfoBox

| *Hydra vulgaris* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hydrozoa |
| Order: | Anthoathecata |
| Family: | Hydridae |
| Genus: | *Hydra* |
| Species: | ***H. vulgaris*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Hydra vulgaris***<br>Pallas, 1766 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Hydra attenuata* * *Hydra magnipapillata* | |


title: Neena Varakil

abstract: Neena Varakil is a former Indian athlete who competed internationally in the long jump event.

text:
# Neena Varakil

**Neena Varakil** (born 2 May 1991) is a former Indian athlete who competed internationally in the long jump event.

## Life

Neena Varakil was born on May 2, 1991, at Meppayur, Calicut, which is also known as Kozhikode.

In 2017 her personal best was 6.66 m, which she achieved in Bangalore in July 2016. She took gold in 2017 when she jumped 6.37 m in the sixth and final round. This was at the Asian Grand Prix Athletics Meet in Jiaxing in China. She gained a silver medal at 2017 Asian Athletics Championships – Women's long jump when her compatriot, Nayana James, took bronze.

In August 2018, she took a silver medal at the long jump at the Asian Games in Jakarta. At her fourth attempt she jumped 6 m 51 cm. The gold medal was taken by Thi Thu Thao Bui of Vietnam and the bronze went to Xiaoling Xu of China. After the event she said that she was stepping back from competition to concentrate on her family. Varakil is married to Pinto Mathew, who is an international hurdler. Varakil had helped her train for the Jakarta event as she was not happy with the national coach Bedros Bedrosian.

## InfoBox

Neena Varakil
| 2017 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Born | (1991-05-02) 2 May 1991<br>Meppayur, Calicut |
| Height | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) |
| Weight | 52 kg (115 lb) |
| Spouse(s) | Pinto Mathew =international athlete and national champion |
| Sport | |
| Country | India |
| Sport | Track and field |
| Event | Long jump |
| Coached by | PINTO MATHEW |
| Achievements and titles | |
| Personal best | 6.66m Bangalore (11/7/2016) |
| Medal record      Women's athletics  Representing  India  Asian Games  2018 Jakarta Long jump  Asian Championships  2017 Bhubaneswar Long jump | |
| Updated on 27 August 2018 | |


title: Umkhosi Wokweshwama

abstract: Umkhosi Wokweshwama, recently also known as Umkhosi Woselwa, is the annual harvest festival of the Zulu people, observed around the December solstice. It takes place at the Enyokeni Royal Palace in Nongoma, KwaZulu-Natal, and is presided over by the Zulu King, who conducts a tasting ceremony as sacred king, closed by the dashing of a calabash to signify that the people may now enjoy the fruits of the harvest; this role was historically expanded by Shaka to have more military significance with a muster and parade. It was revived by the current king's father, the late King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu in 1990, after a ban by British colonial authorities following the 1879 Battle of Isandlwana and Zulu defeat in the Anglo-Zulu War. The festival has mass participation by young men, as Umkhosi woMhlanga has by young women. There is a black bull sacrifice in the king's kraal as the young men work together to kill the animal without weapons, which was the subject of a failed lawsuit by South African animal rights activists in 2009. The sacrifice of the bull is seen as transferring the bull's power to the king. The iNkatha was also renewed. The Scottish mythographer James George Frazer speculated that this reflected an ancient practice of sacrificing the king himself. The Kingdom of Swaziland's counterpart event is Incwala, part of a larger family of Nguni First Fruit traditions. Aspects of the festival have been adapted by the Zulu-initiated Nazareth Baptist Church in its celebration of Christmas. The Zulu festival was a partial inspiration for the modern African-American holiday of Kwanzaa.

text:
# Umkhosi Wokweshwama

**Umkhosi Wokweshwama** \[um̩kʰoːsi woɠʷeʃʷaːma\] ("first fruits festival"), recently also known as ***Umkhosi Woselwa*** \[um̩kʰoːsi woseːlʷa\] ("calabash festival"), is the annual harvest festival of the Zulu people, observed around the December solstice. It takes place at the Enyokeni Royal Palace in Nongoma, KwaZulu-Natal, and is presided over by the Zulu King, who conducts a tasting ceremony as sacred king, closed by the dashing of a calabash to signify that the people may now enjoy the fruits of the harvest; this role was historically expanded by Shaka to have more military significance with a muster and parade. It was revived by the current king's father, the late King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu in 1990, after a ban by British colonial authorities following the 1879 Battle of Isandlwana and Zulu defeat in the Anglo-Zulu War (the last was held in winter 1877–78, though some claim continuity as a less elaborate event).

The festival has mass participation by young men, as Umkhosi woMhlanga has by young women. There is a black bull sacrifice in the king's kraal as the young men work together to kill the animal without weapons, which was the subject of a failed lawsuit by South African animal rights activists in 2009. The sacrifice of the bull is seen as transferring the bull's power to the king. The iNkatha was also renewed. The Scottish mythographer James George Frazer speculated that this reflected an ancient practice of sacrificing the king himself.

The Kingdom of Swaziland's counterpart event is Incwala, part of a larger family of Nguni First Fruit traditions. Aspects of the festival have been adapted by the Zulu-initiated Nazareth Baptist Church in its celebration of Christmas. The Zulu festival was a partial inspiration for the modern African-American holiday of Kwanzaa.


title: Piotr Pawlicki Sr.

abstract: Piotr Pawlicki Sr. is a former motorcycle speedway rider from Poland.

text:
# Piotr Pawlicki Sr.

**Piotr Pawlicki Sr.** (born 29 July 1963) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from Poland.

## Career

Pawlicki Sr. came to prominence in 1983, when he won the Polish Junior Individual Speedway Championship.

He won a bronze medal in the prestigious Golden Helmet during the 1991 Polish speedway season.

He spent his entire career riding for his nearby home club of Unia Leszno, where he won three Polish league championships. He retired after suffering serious lumbar vertebrae and spinal cord injuries during the 1992 Polish Pairs Speedway Championship.

## Family

Both of his sons Piotr Pawlicki Jr. and Przemysław Pawlicki were professional speedway riders.

## InfoBox

Piotr Pawlicki Sr.
| Born | 29 July 1963 (1963-07-29) (age 61)<br>Zaborów, Poland |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Career history | |
| **Poland** | |
| 1982–1983, 1986–1992 | Unia Leszno |
|  | |
| Individual honours | |
| 1983 | Polish Junior Champion |
|  | |
| Team honours | |
| 1987, 1988, 1989 | Polish League Champion |
|  | |


title: Namps-Maisnil

abstract: Namps-Maisnil is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

text:
# Namps-Maisnil

**Namps-Maisnil** (French pronunciation: \[nɑ̃ps mɛnil\]) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

A commune created by the amalgamation, in 1972, of the four old communes of Namps-au-Mont, Namps-au-Val, Rumaisnil and Taisnil. The commune is surrounded by forests and situated at the junction of the D169, D61 and D38 roads, some 9 miles (14 km) southwest of Amiens. Namps-Quevauvillers station has rail connections to Amiens and Abancourt.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 818 |  |
| 1975 | 836 | +0.31% |
| 1982 | 890 | +0.90% |
| 1990 | 970 | +1.08% |
| 1999 | 1,002 | +0.36% |
| 2007 | 1,032 | +0.37% |
| 2012 | 996 | −0.71% |
| 2017 | 987 | −0.18% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## Places of interest

* The war memorial at Taisnil
* The church at Namps-au-Val
* The Château of Namps-au-Mont

## InfoBox

| Namps-Maisnil | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The church in Taisnil | |
| Location of Namps-Maisnil | |
| Namps-MaisnilNamps-Maisnil | |
| Coordinates: 49°48′13″N 2°06′28″E / 49.8036°N 2.1078°E / 49.8036; 2.1078 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Somme |
| Arrondissement | Amiens |
| Canton | Ailly-sur-Noye |
| Intercommunality | CC Somme Sud-Ouest |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Catherine D'Hoine |
| Area**1** | 21.96 km2 (8.48 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 1,005 |
| Density | 46/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 80582 /80290 |
| Elevation | 55–149 m (180–489 ft)
(avg. 87 m or 285 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Operculicarya decaryi

abstract: Operculicarya decaryi, known as elephant tree or jabily, is a thick stemmed succulent plant species in the family Anacardiaceae, named after the botanical collector Raymond Decary. It is found in Madagascar and is also grown as a bonsai tree. It has small red flowers in winter. The inflorescence is at the end of short branches and often consist of about five flowers. Woody cuttings need a soil mixture kept uniformly moist for propagation. It can also be propagated using pieces of the tuberous roots. It is drought tolerant and does well in full sun in most places. It cannot tolerate freezing conditions.

text:
# Operculicarya decaryi

***Operculicarya decaryi***, known as **elephant tree** or **jabily**, is a thick stemmed succulent plant species in the family Anacardiaceae, named after the botanical collector Raymond Decary. It is found in Madagascar and is also grown as a bonsai tree.

It has small (less than 2 mm) red flowers in winter. The inflorescence is at the end of short branches and often consist of about five flowers. Woody cuttings need a soil mixture kept uniformly moist for propagation. It can also be propagated using pieces of the tuberous roots.

It is drought tolerant and does well in full sun in most places. It cannot tolerate freezing conditions.

http://toptropicals.com/catalog/uid/Operculicarya\_decaryi.htm

## InfoBox

| *Operculicarya decaryi* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| CITES Appendix II (CITES) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Anacardiaceae |
| Genus: | *Operculicarya* |
| Species: | ***O. decaryi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Operculicarya decaryi***
H.Perrier | |
|


title: Vaxainville

abstract: Vaxainville is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.

text:
# Vaxainville

**Vaxainville** is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.

## InfoBox

| Vaxainville | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall in Vaxainville | |
|  | |
| Location of Vaxainville | |
| VaxainvilleVaxainville | |
| Coordinates: 48°31′00″N 6°45′17″E / 48.5167°N 6.7547°E / 48.5167; 6.7547 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Meurthe-et-Moselle |
| Arrondissement | Lunéville |
| Canton | Baccarat |
| Intercommunality | Territoire de Lunéville à Baccarat |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Pascal Marchal |
| Area**1** | 3.59 km2 (1.39 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 86 |
| Density | 24/km2 (62/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 54555 /54120 |
| Elevation | 252–320 m (827–1,050 ft)
(avg. 260 m or 850 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |