title: Nuthin' but a Gangsta Party 2

abstract: Nuthin' but a Gangsta Party 2 is a compilation album released by Priority Records on July 3, 2001. Like its predecessor, It contains mostly previously released songs along with a few exclusive, previously unreleased songs. The album peaked at #85 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Got Ta Hustle, Make It Happen, and 4 Days In Cali are all previously unreleased and are exclusive to this album. The song Got Ta Hustle was released as a 12-inch single

text:
# Nuthin' but a Gangsta Party 2

***Nuthin' but a Gangsta Party 2*** is a compilation album released by Priority Records on July 3, 2001. Like its predecessor, It contains mostly previously released songs along with a few exclusive, previously unreleased songs. The album peaked at #85 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. *Got Ta Hustle*, *Make It Happen*, and *4 Days In Cali* are all previously unreleased and are exclusive to this album. The song *Got Ta Hustle* was released as a 12-inch single

## Critical reception

Jason Birchmeier of Allmusic wrote: *Overall, there's little to complain about. Even the lesser artists turn in excellent performances, and while it's tempting to dismiss the No Limit songs for being out of place on a West Coast rap collection, the two chosen songs -- "Down for My N's" and "Got 'Em Fiending" -- both have an obvious West Coast sound to them. So what you have is 19 standout songs from Priority's vaults that illustrate everything that's wonderful about the West Coast gangsta sound. And, finally, it's also important to note that this isn't the aggressive side of gangsta rap, but rather the funky side of gangsta rap. The fact that Priority includes a classic like "Funky Song" rather than something from N.W.A, for example, perfectly illustrates the sort of vibe they're going for here*

## Track listing

1. Who Am I? (What's My Name?) (Performed by Snoop Doggy Dogg)
2. Snoop Dogg (What's My Name II) (Performed by Snoop Dogg)
3. Hello (Performed By Ice Cube Featuring Dr. Dre & MC Ren)
4. Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang (Performed by Dr. Dre Featuring Snoop Doggy Dogg)
5. Got Ta Hustle (Performed by Ant Banks' TWDY Featuring MC Ren)
6. I Love Cali (In The Summertime) (G Party Mix) (Performed by Roscoe)
7. From Tha Streetz (Performed By Mack 10)
8. Who Ride Wit Us (Performed by Kurupt Featuring Daz)
9. G'd Up (Performed by Tha Eastsidaz Featuring Snoop Dogg)
10. If It Ain't Broke (Performed by Suga Free Featuring Mausberg)
11. Make It Happen (Performed by Tone Toven Featuring Kurupt)
12. 4 Days In Cali (Performed by RA The Rugged Man)
13. No More Questionz (Performed by Mausberg Featuring DJ Quik)
14. Oh Boy (Performed by Don Cisco Featuring Roscoe)
15. Down 4 My N's (Performed by C-Murder Featuring Snoop Dogg & Magic)
16. Got Em Fiending (Performed by Silkk The Shocker Featuring Master P)
17. If U Stay Ready (Performed by Suga Free)
18. Funky Song (Performed by Low Profile)
19. Never Leave Me Alone (Performed by Nate Dogg Featuring Snoop Dogg)

## InfoBox

| Nuthin' but a Gangsta Party 2 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Various Artists | |
| Released | July 3, 2001 |
| Recorded | 1989–2001 |
| Genre | G-funk, gangsta rap, West Coast hip hop |
| Length | 75:43 |
| Label | Priority Records |
| Producer | Dr. Dre, Ant Banks, Timbaland, Young Tre, Mack 10, Fredwreck, DJ Quik, Carlos Stephens, XL, Ken Franklin, G-1, Robert *Funksta* Bacon, DJ Aladdin, Kurupt |
| Various Artists chronology | |
| ***Nuthin' but a Gangsta Party***
(2000) ***Nuthin' but a Gangsta Party 2***
(2001) | |


title: In Good Company (Kevin Crawford album)

abstract: In Good Company is solo album by Kevin Crawford. It was released in 2001 on Green Linnet Records, and is Kevin's second solo release. The tracks on this album are primarily flute and fiddle duets, with the fiddlers among those Kevin most admires.

text:
# In Good Company (Kevin Crawford album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |

***In Good Company*** is solo album by Kevin Crawford. It was released in 2001 on Green Linnet Records, and is Kevin's second solo release. The tracks on this album are primarily flute and fiddle duets, with the fiddlers among those Kevin most admires.

## Musicians

Kevin Crawford *(D concert, B-flat, and E-flat flutes, low whistle)* Seán Smyth *(fiddle)* James Cullinan *(fiddle)* Frankie Gavin *(fiddle)* Martin Hayes *(viola)* Tony Linnane *(fiddle)* Tommy Peoples *(fiddle)* Manus McGuire *(fiddle)* Mick Conneely *(fiddle, bouzouki)* Conor Tully *(fiddle)* Arty McGlynn *(guitars)* Jim Higgins *(bodhrán)* Carl Hession *(keyboards)*

## Track listing

1. Tommy Peoples' / The Long Drop / Callaghan's (reels) 3:06
2. Young Tom Ennis / The Mouse In The Mug (jigs) 3:18
3. Tae The Beggin' / Alice's Reel (reels) 2:40
4. Coilsfield House (slow air) 4:33
5. The Bag Of Spuds / Matt Peoples (reels) 3:13
6. Strike The Gay Harp / Jim O'Connor's (jigs) 3:01
7. Jim O'Reilly's / Doonagore / The Bell Harbor Reel (reels) 3:34
8. Sliabh Geal gCua (slow air) 3:18
9. The First Pint / The Flying Wheelchair / The Humours Of Derrycrossane (jigs) 3:25
10. John Carty's / The Stolen Reel / Feeding The Birds (reels) 3:48
11. The Rolling Waves / Finbar Dwyer's Favorite (jigs) 2:52
12. The Banks Of The Suir / Mama's Pet (air and reel) 4:18
13. The High Road To Glin / The Hard Road To Travel / Paddy Fahey's (reels) 3:19
14. Brian O'Lynn / Cailleach A Shúsa (jigs) 3:54
15. Tommy's Mazurkas (mazurkas) 3:32
16. Farewell To Jim / That's More Of It (jigs) 3:13
17. Ashmolean House / The Kilcloon / Out On The Road (reels) 3:31

## InfoBox

| In Good Company | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Kevin Crawford | |
| Released | April 3, 2001 (2001-04-03) |
| Genre | Celtic |
| Length | 58:35 |
| Label | Green Linnet Records |
| Kevin Crawford chronology | |
| '*D' Flute Album*
(1995) ***In Good Company***
(2001) *A Breath of Fresh Air*
(2007) | |


title: Russian Hill, San Francisco

abstract: Russian Hill is a neighborhood of San Francisco, California. It is named after one of San Francisco's 44 hills, and one of its original "Seven Hills".

text:
# Russian Hill, San Francisco

**Russian Hill** is a neighborhood of San Francisco, California. It is named after one of San Francisco's 44 hills, and one of its original "Seven Hills".

## Location

Russian Hill is directly to the north (and slightly downhill) from Nob Hill, to the south (uphill) from Fisherman's Wharf, and to the west of the North Beach neighborhood. The Hill is bordered on its west side by parts of the neighborhoods of Cow Hollow and the Marina District.

At the northern foot of the hill is Ghirardelli Square, which sits on the waterfront of the San Francisco Bay, Aquatic Park, and Fisherman's Wharf, a popular tourist area. A trip down the winding turns of Lombard Street and across Columbus Avenue to the east leads to the neighborhood of North Beach. Down the hill to the west, past Van Ness Avenue, are Cow Hollow and the Marina districts.

## History

The neighborhood's name goes back to the Gold Rush-era, when settlers discovered a small Russian cemetery at the top of the hill. Russian naval and merchant ships frequently visited San Francisco throughout the 19th century beginning in 1806, and there are several mentions of burials of crew members in the Russian Hill cemetery in the first half of the century. The cemetery was eventually removed, but the name remained.

In 1853 and 1854, a partnership was formed by William H. Ranlett (the architect), Charles Homer (the general contractor), and Joseph H. Atkinson (the mason/brick contractor), in order to build three houses in Russian Hill (at what is now known as the Vallejo Street Crest). The Atkinson House (1853) is one of the oldest houses still standing in San Francisco, and possibly one of the first examples of Italianate-style architecture in the city.

The switchbacks design of Lombard Street was first suggested by property owner Carl Henry and was built in 1922, intended to reduce the hill's natural 27 percent grade, which was too steep for most vehicles to climb.

## About and attractions

### Districts and views

Because of the steepness of the hill, many streets, portions of Vallejo and Green streets, for example, are staircases. Views from the top of the hill extend in several directions around the Bay Area, including the Bay Bridge, Marin County, the Golden Gate Bridge and Alcatraz. The Macondray Lane District is notable for its historic architecture in a hilly and woodsy area, which features the pedestrian-only Macondray Lane. The Paris Block Architectural District is a residential area known for its architecture, including the Feusier Octagon House.

The Vallejo Street Crest Historic District is located in the southeast portion of the hill and is known for the cultural history and architecture, the district is surrounded by a retaining wall and natural bluff. A small park at the top of the hill on Vallejo Street (or the Vallejo Street Crest) features a small plaque and memorial placed by the Russian Government, that is dedicated to the original Russian cemetery that once stood there. Another park on the hill on Vallejo Street is named after Ina Coolbrith.

Russian Hill is home to the former San Francisco Art Institute, located on Chestnut Street between Jones and Leavenworth Streets. The Academy of Art University also maintains a presence in this neighborhood with their Chestnut Street building hosting their fine art MFA studios, photo classrooms, and photo studios.

### Lombard Street

The neighborhood is most famous for Lombard Street, the one-way section on Russian Hill between Hyde and Leavenworth Streets, in which the roadway has eight sharp turns (or switchbacks) that have earned the street the distinction of being "the crookedest street in the world". As it is one of the most visited tourist attractions in the city, this section of the neighborhood is frequently crowded with tourists. Tourists also frequent the cable car line along Hyde Street, which is lined with many restaurants and shops.

### Parks

Alice Marble Tennis Courts are four hardcourt tennis courts located at Lombard and Hyde Streets. The courts offer a view of the bay and North Beach and can be unsuitable for tennis on windy days. A basketball court is located adjacent to the tennis courts. The San Francisco Cable Cars serving the Powell-Hyde line stops nearby.

## Government and infrastructure

San Francisco Police Department Central Station, Metro Division serves Russian Hill.

## Education

It is in the San Francisco Unified School District (SFUSD) and is within the Jean Parker Elementary School attendance area. The school building was first built in 1911 and rebuilt in 1996.

## Notable residents

## In fiction

Life in the neighborhood during the 1970s was used as the basis for the fictionalized series *Tales of the City* by Armistead Maupin.

Much of the famous car chase sequence in the 1968 thriller *Bullitt*, starring Steve McQueen (whose character lived in Nob Hill on Taylor and Clay streets), were filmed on Russian Hill, notably the scenes on Taylor Street. The neighborhood was also featured in the early scenes of the 1982 action-comedy feature film, *48 Hrs*.

The cast of *The Real World: San Francisco*, which aired in 1994, lived in the house at 949 Lombard Street on Russian Hill from February 12 to June 19, 1994.

In Anne Rice's book *The Wolf Gift*, the main character, Reuben Golding, grew up in Russian Hill.

John "Scottie" Ferguson, a character played by James Stewart lives at 900 Lombard Street in Alfred Hitchcock's film *Vertigo* (1958).

Based on the view from the window, Admiral James T. Kirk's apartment seen in the films *Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan* and *Star Trek III: The Search for Spock* was located in the Russian Hill area of San Francisco.

In the racing video game *Blur*, one of the courses is named after and closely resembles Russian Hill.

A parody of Russian Hill appears as a district in the 1997 video game *Grand Theft Auto*, named 'Soviet Hill'.

## Further reading

* Kostura, William (1996). *Russian Hill: The Summit, 1853–1906*. Aerie Publications.

37°48′06″N 122°25′11″W / 37.8018°N 122.4198°W / 37.8018; -122.4198

## InfoBox

| Russian Hill | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighborhood | |
| Russian Hill seen from the southeast | |
| Russian HillLocation within Central San Francisco | |
| Coordinates: 37°48′06″N 122°25′11″W / 37.8018°N 122.4198°W / 37.8018; -122.4198 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| City and county | San Francisco |
| Government | |
| Supervisor | Catherine Stefani |
| Assemblymember | Matt Haney () |
| State Senator | Scott Wiener () |
| U. S. Rep. | Nancy Pelosi () |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.397 sq mi (1.03 km2) |
| Population | |
| Total | 13,146 |
| Density | 33,000/sq mi (13,000/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−8 (Pacific) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−7 (PDT) |
| ZIP codes | 94109, 94133 |
| Area codes | 415/628 |


title: John Leighton (curator)

abstract: Sir John Leighton is a British art historian, curator and museum director. He was Director-General of the National Galleries of Scotland.

text:
# John Leighton (curator)

**Sir John Leighton** (born 22 February 1959) is a British art historian, curator and museum director. He was (until October 2023 when Anne Lyden took control) Director-General of the National Galleries of Scotland.

## Early life

Leighton was born in Belfast in 1959 and educated at Portora Royal School Enniskillen (1970 – 77). He studied Fine Art at the University of Edinburgh and Edinburgh College of Art, graduating in 1982. He undertook postgraduate studies at the Courtauld Institute of Art in London, obtaining an MA in 1983.

## Career

Leighton was Curator of 19th-century paintings at the National Gallery in London from 1986 until 1997. He was responsible for numerous exhibitions during this period including *Caspar David Friedrich’s Winter Landscapes* (1990), *Art in the Making: Impressionism* (1990), *Seurat’s Bathers* (1997). He was Director of the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam from 1997 until 2006. Leighton has been Director-General of the National Galleries of Scotland since 2006. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2008.

In recognition of his contribution to the arts, he was appointed Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 2005, awarded an honorary degree from the University of Edinburgh in 2009 and a knighthood in December 2012. Leighton is a board member of the De Pont Museum of Contemporary Art in Tilburg; chair of the Council of Specialists of the H'ART Museum and a member of the supervisory board of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.

John Leighton has written several books and articles, including: *100 Masterpieces*, National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh, 2015 *Manet and the Sea*, with Gloria Groom et al. (Art Institute of Chicago, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Van Gogh Museum, 2003 –2004). *The Van Gogh Museum: A portrait*, Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam 2003 *Signac 1863 -1935* with Marina Ferretti-Bocquillon et al. (Grand Palais, Paris, Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2001). *Seurat's Bathers* with Richard Thomson (National Gallery, London, 1997) *Art in the Making: Impressionism* with David Bomford et al.(National Gallery, London, 1990) *Caspar David Friedrich 'Winter Landscape’* with Colin J. Bailey (National Gallery, London, 1989) *French Paintings from the USSR* with Alastair Smith et al. (National Gallery, London, 1988)

## Personal life

Leighton is married to Gill Keay; they have one daughter and one son.

## InfoBox

| Sir John Mark Nicholas Leighton | |
| --- | --- |
| Sir John Leighton receiving his Honorary Doctorate in 2009 | |
| Born | (1959-02-22) 22 February 1959<br>Belfast |
| Occupation | Museum Director |


title: Minoru Miki (cinematographer)

abstract: Minoru Miki Minoru Miki, also credited as Shigeto Miki, was a Japanese cinematographer. He was especially known for his work on a number of films by Japanese director Kenji Mizoguchi, including Osaka Elegy and Sisters of the Gion, which were both placed among the top three films of 1936 by the Japanese magazine Kinema Junpo.

text:
# Minoru Miki (cinematographer)

**Minoru Miki** (三木 稔, *Miki Minoru*, 26 December 1902 – 21 November 1968), also credited as **Shigeto Miki** (三木 滋人), was a Japanese cinematographer. He was especially known for his work on a number of films by Japanese director Kenji Mizoguchi, including *Osaka Elegy* and *Sisters of the Gion*, which were both placed among the top three films of 1936 by the Japanese magazine *Kinema Junpo*.


title: HD 33203

abstract: HD 33203 is double star in the northern constellation of Auriga. It includes a bright giant star with a stellar classification of B2II. The two components have an angular separation of 1.617″ along a position angle of 222.1°.

text:
# HD 33203

**HD 33203** is double star in the northern constellation of Auriga. It includes a bright giant star with a stellar classification of B2II. The two components have an angular separation of 1.617 along a position angle of 222.1°.

## InfoBox

HD 33203
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| --- | --- |
| Constellation | Auriga |
|
| Right ascension | 05h 10m 18.80756s |
| Declination | +37° 18 06.6588 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 6.12 |
| Characteristics | |
|
| Spectral type | K: + B2II |
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| U−B color index | −0.36 |
| B−V color index | +0.72 |
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| Astrometry | |
|  | |
| **Radial velocity (Rv)** | +8.6 km/s |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: +3.01 mas/yr
Dec.: −0.33 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 2.06 ± 1.15 mas |
| **Distance** | approx. 1,600 ly
(approx. 500 pc) |
|  | |
| Other designations | |
| BD+37° 1067, HD 33203, HIP 24072, SAO 57704. | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: VMFA-542

abstract: Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 542 (VMFA-542) is a United States Marine Corps Aviation fighter attack squadron flying the F-35B Lightning II. VMFA-542 is based at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 14 (MAG-14) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing.

text:
# VMFA-542

**Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 542** (VMFA-542) is a United States Marine Corps Aviation fighter attack squadron flying the F-35B Lightning II. VMFA-542 is based at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 14 (MAG-14) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).

## Mission

Locate, attack and destroy surface targets, intercept and destroy enemy aircraft, and provide electronic warfare support.

## History

### World War II

Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 542 was initially commissioned as Marine Night Fighter Squadron 542 (**VMF(N)-542**) on 6 March 1944, at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina. Upon commissioning, the squadron was assigned the F6F Hellcat. They were relocated to San Diego, California, in mid-summer, 1944 in preparation for a move to the combat zone. Late in October, the squadron arrived at Ulithi, in the Caroline Islands and immediately began flying combat air patrols.

Later in 1944, VMF(N)-542 deployed to the Pacific theater. By early April 1945, most of the squadron had deployed to take part in the Battle of Okinawa. Night operations against the enemy began on 15 April with missions being flown from Yontan Airfield, Okinawa. Second Lieutenant Arcenaux was the first squadron pilot to down an enemy warplane with a night fighter on 16 April 1945. While stationed at Yontan, the Tigers were credited with destroying eighteen Japanese airplanes and carrying out rocket attacks on the Ryukyu Islands chain of Amami, Amami Ōshima, Tokunoshima, Kikai Shima, Miyako Jima, and Amami Gunto. For these actions the Tigers were awarded the Presidential Unit Citation. Between April and August 1945, Major Robert B. Porter and Captain Wallace E. Sigler became the first night fighter pilots to score their fifth victories on Okinawa. (Both had previous day victories; Capt. Robert Baird of VMFN-533 scored his fifth night kill on 22 June.)

Following a short tour of occupation duty at Yokosuka, Japan, VMF(N)-542 was transferred to Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, California. Training during this period was oriented towards night and all-weather fighter tactics and resulted in the squadron being re-designated Marine Night All-Weather Fighter Squadron 542 (**VMF(AW)-542**) in 1948.

### Korean War

After receiving the new twin-engine, radar-upgraded F7F Tigercat, VMF(AW)-542 was ordered to Kimpo Airfield, South Korea in September 1950. From Kimpo, missions including close air support, air interdiction, and reconnaissance flights were conducted against the enemy in Korea.

Returning to El Toro, CA in March 1951, VMF(AW)-542 transitioned into the jet age by acquiring the F3D Skyknight. The "Skyknight" was the first carrier-borne jet night fighter. The Tigers used the F3D-2 to train pilots and Radar Intercept Officers for duty in Korea. During the Korean War, more enemy aircraft were destroyed by F3D's than by all other Navy types. The squadron remained at MCAS El Toro, and in June 1958 accepted the F4D Skyray (affectionately known as the "Ford").

Between August 1959 and November 1963, VMF(AW)-542 made two extended deployments to Atsugi, Japan. On 2 November 1963, the Squadron was re-designated Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 542 (**VMFA-542**) and began training in the F-4B Phantom in place of the F-6 Skyray.

### Vietnam War

As a result of the buildup of American involvement in the Vietnam War, VMFA-542 was ordered to Japan in April 1965, followed by redeployment to the Republic of Vietnam a few weeks later. The squadron initially entered the country at Da Nang Air Base on 10 July 1965, and commenced air operations against the enemy shortly thereafter. Its primary mission at this time was to provide air support to Marine ground forces.

In August 1965, VMFA-542 supported the 7th Marine Regiment in Operation Starlite—the first major American operation of the war. The squadron's first tour in South Vietnam ended in early December 1965 when it redeployed to Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan. VMFA-542 spent three more tours in Southeast Asia. The Tigers returned to South Vietnam late in the winter of 1966 and remained until mid-summer the following year when they again moved to Japan. Beginning that fall, the Tigers began a thirteen-month deployment in the war zone. The Tigers' last combat tour in Southeast Asia started on 10 May 1968.

While serving in Vietnam, the Tigers furnished air support to ground forces in some of the largest land operations of the war. Included in these operations were: Utah, Texas, Prairie, Union, Kingfisher, Fremont, Allen Brook, Napoleon/Saline, Lancaster, Scotland, Nevada Eagle and Idaho Canyon. Close air support missions were not only flown on behalf of Marine ground personnel but also for American Army units and at times for South Vietnamese forces and for elements of the South Korean Marine Corps. In addition, the Tigers flew bombing missions in both Laos and North Vietnam. After the November 1968 bombing halt of North Vietnam, the Tigers flew escort for reconnaissance missions over that area. Strikes against enemy targets in Laos on the other hand were increased after the bombing halt. Enemy supply lines in Laos were hit especially hard throughout 1969. VMFA-542 dropped over 20,000 tons of ordnance in Southeast Asia from May 1968 to January 1970. The last mission flown by the squadron was a night interdiction flight over Laos on 13 January 1970. The rest of the month was spent preparing to leave South Vietnam. On 30 January, the first echelon took off from Da Nang; the second echelon left the next day. Included in this flight to the United States were thirty-five tactical jet aircraft. Code name for this major relocation of Marine F-4's was Key Wallop II.

### Post Vietnam and the 1980s

After the Tiger's return to California, VMFA-542 was placed in a cadre status. In April, the strength of the unit was down to one officer. Deactivation eventually came on 30 June 1970. The squadron's deactivation was of a short duration as it was reinstated as an active organization a year and a half later. Rebirth occurred at Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort, South Carolina on 12 January 1972. The squadron at this time received the designation of Marine Attack Squadron VMA-542. Upon reactivation, the Tigers were assigned the new AV-8A Harrier. The Tigers thus became the second Marine squadron to be so equipped.

The Tigers were relocated to MCAS Cherry Point, North Carolina in August 1974. During the period of 1 July 1977 through 30 June 1979, VMA-542 was selected as the "Marine V/STOL Squadron of the Year" for two consecutive years.

April 1986 saw the end of the AV-8A and C models for VMA-542 as the Tigers transitioned to the AV-8B – the Marine Corps' new light attack "Harrier". Even more capable in V/STOL operations, the AV-8B extends the range and payload and incorporates state of the art technology for navigation and weapon delivery. The full transition was complete by May 1986. December 1989 saw the full squadron deployed for six months to Iwakuni, Japan, in support of the Unit Deployment Program (UDP). They returned to Cherry Point in May 1990.

### The Gulf War & the 1990s

In August 1990, the Tigers deployed to the Bahrain in support of Operation Desert Shield. After three months at that location, the squadron deployed to King Abdul Aziz Naval Base, Jubail, Saudi Arabia as part of the most forward deployed fixed wing group in theater.

Within twelve hours of arrival in Bahrain, Tiger pilots were standing 24-hour combat alerts. The alert status lasted until five hours after the commencement of Operation Desert Storm on 17 January 1991, when the first division of VMA-542 Harriers launched to suppress Iraqi artillery positions in Southern Kuwait. From that day forward. Tiger "Harriers" flew a sustained combat sortie rate until the end of hostilities on 27 February 1991.

On 22 February, two days prior to the initiation of the ground offensive, the Tigers of VMA-542 surged to a schedule of 58 sorties per day as the final battlefield preparation was initiated. These final prep fires included Mk77 Napalm delivered on trench lines in the area where the Marine Expeditionary Force breaching operation would occur. In addition, the Tigers continued targeting of enemy artillery and armor, which could be brought to bear against the Allies during their breaching operations.

Throughout these forty-two days of conflict the Tigers of VMA-542 flew more than 1000 combat sorties amassing over 1200 flight hours while delivering over one thousand tons of ordnance on the enemy. When the war commenced, VMA-542 responded by delivering more ordnance, flying more sorties, and accruing more combat hours than any other V/STOL squadron in theater. On 23 February, Capt James "Trey" Wilbourn III was lost during a night attack approximately 5 miles north of Ali Al Salem when he was struck by enemy ground fire and crashed near the target after delivering his ordnance on the enemy position. Additionally, on 25 February, Capt Scott "Vapor" Walsh was struck by an IR SAM while flying against Iraqi armored forces counterattacking the 2nd Marine Division. Walsh eventually ejected near Ahmad al-Jaber Air Base and evaded capture until rescued by elements of Marine Task Force Ripper.

The Tigers returned to MCAS Cherry Point in April 1991. Shortly thereafter the squadron was selected to introduce the new Radar/Night Attack AV-8B Harrier II Plus to the fleet in 1993.

On 8 August 1997, the squadron deployed 12 aircraft to Marine Corps Air Station Yuma. The deployment training got off to a strong start but was daunted by the loss of one of the jets piloted by Capt Samuel H. Smith. After several days of flight suspension, the word came that time-consuming inspections would have to be conducted on the aircraft before they could be flown again. These inspections revealed internal engine damage in four of twelve of the aircraft, requiring complete engine replacement.

September marked a recovery period as the squadron deployed two jets and approximately 25 Marines back to Yuma Arizona to support the fall Weapons and Tactics Instructor (WTI) course.

The squadron's detachment aboard USS *Kearsarge* (LHD-3) returned to Cherry Point on 12 October 1997, after being deployed for nearly six months. A Capabilities Exercise (CAPEX) was conducted on 7–10 October, and just as the operational tempo hit top gear, the squadron experienced yet another setback on 16 October, when one of the jets was lost in Dayton, Ohio.

May 1999 marked the return of the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit boat detachment from combat operations in Kosovo. Their support of NATO operations was the first in armed conflict since Desert Storm. They successfully flew 38 combat sorties deployed aboard the USS *Nassau* (LHA-4).

### Global War on Terrorism

The squadron deployed to Al Asad Airbase in Al Anbar Province in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom during 2004–2005 and 2007–2008.

### Operation Enduring Freedom

Elements of VMA-542 attached to the 24th MEU, were called upon to deploy to Afghanistan as part of the surge to counter Taliban actions. Throughout a 6 month deployment, the Tigers provided Close Air Support to Special Operations Forces in some of the most demanding terrain imaginable.

### Operation Odyssey Dawn

On 20 March 2011, VMA-542's Detachment A as part of VMM-266 (Reinforced), 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit (26th MEU) launched air strikes from the USS *Kearsarge* (LHD-3) against Libya as part of Operation Odyssey Dawn. .

### Operation Odyssey Lightning

In August 2016, elements of VMA-542 assigned to the 22d MEU, participated in Operation Odyssey Lighting. During the operation, they delivered more ordnance off of the USS Wasp than any other harrier squadron assigned to an LHD.

### Operation Inherent Resolve

In 2018, elements of VMA-542 assigned to the 26th MEU, conducted combat operations out of Shiek Isa Air Base in Bahrain.

### F-35B transition

On 1 December 2022, VMA-542 retired its remaining Harriers and transitioned to the F-35B Lightning II. VMFA-542 received its first F-35B on 31 May 2023 and became the Marine Corps’ first east coast F-35B fleet squadron after achieving Safe For Flight certification on 11 August 2023. Their first deployment with F-35B, was to Evenes Air Station in Norway to participate in Nordic Response 2024. VMFA-542 achieved full operating capability with the F-35B in April 2024.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps. Bibliography  * Lehrack, Otto (2004). *The First Battle – Operation Starlite and the Beginning of the Blood Debt in Vietnam*. Havertown, Pennsylvania: Casemate. ISBN 1-932033-27-0.
* Rottman, Gordon L. (2002). *U.S. Marine Corps World War II Order of Battle – Ground and Air Units in the Pacific War, 1939 – 1945*. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-31906-5.
* Sherrod, Robert (1952). *History of Marine Corps Aviation in World War II*. Washington, D.C.: Combat Forces Press.

## InfoBox

| Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 542 | |
| --- | --- |
| VMFA-542 Insignia | |
| Active | * 6 March 1944 – 30 June 1970 * 12 January 1972 – present |
| Country | United States of America |
| Branch | United States Marine Corps |
| Type | Multirole |
| Role | SEAD
Strike
Anti-Air Warfare
SCAR
Close Air Support
 |
| Part of | Marine Aircraft Group 14
2nd Marine Aircraft Wing |
| Garrison/HQ | Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point |
| Nickname(s) | "Tigers" |
| Tail Code | **WH** |
| Engagements | **World War II**
* Battle of Okinawa
**Korean War**
**Vietnam War**
* Operation Starlite
**Operation Desert Storm**
**Operation Iraqi Freedom**
**Operation Enduring Freedom**
* Operation Medusa |
| Commanders | |
| Current
commander | LtCol Brian Hansell |
| Aircraft flown | |
| Attack | AV-8A Harrier
AV-8B Harrier |
| Fighter | F6F Hellcat
F7F Tigercat
F3D-2 Skyknight
F4D-1 Skyray
F-4B Phantom II
F-35B Lightning II |


title: Norton Powlett (died 1741)

abstract: Norton Powlett (1680–1741) of Rotherfield Park and Amport, Hampshire, was a British landowner and Whig politician. He sat in the House of Commons for nearly 30 years from 1705 to 1734.

text:
# Norton Powlett (died 1741)

**Norton Powlett** (1680–1741) of Rotherfield Park and Amport, Hampshire, was a British landowner and Whig politician. He sat in the House of Commons for nearly 30 years from 1705 to 1734.

## Early life

Powlett was baptized on 27 September 1680, the only son of Francis Powlett. MP, of Amport, Hampshire and his wife Elizabeth Norton, daughter of Sir Richard Norton, 2nd Baronet of Rotherfield Park, Hampshire. In 1695 he succeeded his father and inherited Amport near Andover. Through his mother he also inherited the manors of East Tisted and Rotherfield. He matriculated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford on 26 May 1698, aged 17. He married Jane Morley, daughter of Sir Charles Morley in 1699. At the time of his marriage, his income was estimated at £2,000 per annum. These lands gave the family a strong electoral influence.

## Career

Powlett became a Freeman of Winchester by 1701 and a Freeman of Lymington in 1701. At the 1705 English general election, he was returned as Member of Parliament for Petersfield on his own interest. He was listed as a ‘Churchman’ and voted for the Court candidate for Speaker on 25 October 1705. He also voted with the Court on the ‘place clause’ in the regency bill in February 1706. He was among those ordered in February 1707 to prepare a bill for a turnpike on the Petersfield to Butser Hill road. At the 1708 British general election he was returned as a Whig MP for Petersfield. He continued to support his party in Parliament acting as teller on various occasions. In 1709, he supported the naturalization of the Palatines and in 1710 voted for the impeachment of Dr Sacheverell. He was returned again for Petersfield at the 1710 British general election. He acted as teller again and on 21 February 1711 was added to the drafting committee for a turnpike bill for the Petersfield to Portsmouth road. He followed this up by becoming commissioner of the Portsmouth and Sheet Turnpike trust for the rest of his life from 1711. He voted for the motion of ‘No Peace without Spain’ and against the French commerce bill on 18 June 1713. At the 1713 British general election, he was returned again for Petersfield. He voted against the expulsion of Richard Steele on 18 March 1714.

Powlett was returned again for Petersfield at the 1715 British general election. He remained a solid supporter of Whig administrations and voted with the Administration in every recorded division. He was returned again in 1722 and 1727 but lost his seat at the 1734 British general election. He stood again at Petersfield at the 1741 British general election, and was again defeated.

## Later life and legacy

Powlett became a trustee of Churcher's College, in 1737. He died on 18 June 1741. He and his wife had eight sons and three daughters. His eldest son, Norton, was MP for Winchester (UK Parliament constituency). His youngest son, George, eventually succeeded as 12th Marquess of Winchester.


title: Igor Naming Agency

abstract: Igor Naming Agency is an American naming agency. Based in Sausalito, California, Igor is known for its "almost militant embrace" of using real and natural-sounding words in naming. Among others, the company has named Gogo Inflight, Cutthroat Kitchen, TruTV, the Aria Resort, and consumer products for The North Face and Target.

text:
# Igor Naming Agency

**Igor Naming Agency** is an American naming agency. Based in Sausalito, California, Igor is known for its "almost militant embrace" of using real and natural-sounding words in naming. Among others, the company has named Gogo Inflight, *Cutthroat Kitchen*, TruTV, the Aria Resort, and consumer products for The North Face and Target.

## History

Igor Naming Agency was founded by Jay Jurisich and Steve Manning, who met while working at the Sausalito naming agency, A Hundred Monkeys. In addition to naming, Jurisich and Manning worked with agency founder Danny Altman to create The Shinolas, an annual award given to the year's worst brand name. Judged by Ben Cohen of Ben and Jerry's, Jerry Harrison of Talking Heads, Bob Camp, co-creator of *Ren & Stimpy* and others, Shinolas were awarded to products including the Oldsmobile Achieva, and Cruex, a cream to soothe itches.

Jurisich and Manning left A Hundred Monkeys in 2002 to co-found Igor Naming Agency. In addition to established companies including Nokia, EA Sports, and MTV, Igor worked extensively with companies founded following the dot-com downturn of 2000. They advised against the industry-standard practices of using invented words, convening focus groups for market research, and choosing company and product names based on the availability of a URL.

In late 2002, Igor launched *Snark Hunting,* a blog about company names, product names and the impact of naming and branding on popular culture. As more blogs related to branding began to appear online, *Fast Company* wrote: "The best stuff comes from *Snark Hunting,*" highlighting a post which "riffed on The Gap's new Forth & Towne store concept for middle-aged women, noting that it uses an ampersand rather than risk the acronym FAT."

In 2004, Jurisich and Manning co-wrote *Building the Perfect Beast: The Igor Naming Guide.* Regularly updated, it is available as a free download. It has been used as a resource in academic settings as well as by B2C companies, startups, and incubators.

Jurisich left Igor in 2011 to found Zinzin, also a naming agency. Manning has served as CEO and managing director since Jurisich's departure.

## InfoBox

Igor Naming Agency
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Naming |
| Founded | 2002 (2002) |
| Founders | Jay Jurisich<br>Steve Manning |
| Headquarters | Sausalito, California, United States |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people | Steve Manning, CEO, managing director |
| Website | igorinternational.com |


title: In Good King Charles's Golden Days

abstract: In Good King Charles's Golden Days is a play by George Bernard Shaw, subtitled A True History that Never Happened. It was written in 1938-39 as an "educational history film" for film director Gabriel Pascal in the aftermath of Pygmalion's cinema triumph. The cast of the proposed film were to be sumptuously clothed in 17th century costumes, far beyond the resources of most theatre managements. However, by the time of its completion in May 1939, it had turned into a Shavian Restoration comedy. The title of the play is taken from the first line of the traditional song "The Vicar of Bray".

text:
# In Good King Charles's Golden Days

***In Good King Charles's Golden Days*** is a play by George Bernard Shaw, subtitled *A True History that Never Happened*.

It was written in 1938-39 as an "educational history film" for film director Gabriel Pascal in the aftermath of *Pygmalion*'s cinema triumph. The cast of the proposed film were to be sumptuously clothed in 17th century costumes, far beyond the resources of most theatre managements. However, by the time of its completion in May 1939, it had turned into a Shavian Restoration comedy.

The title of the play is taken from the first line of the traditional song "The Vicar of Bray".

## Plot

The setting is the English court during the reign of Charles II (r.1660–1685). A discussion play, the issues of nature, science, power and leadership are debated between Charles ("Mr Rowley"), Isaac Newton, George Fox, and the artist Godfrey Kneller, with interventions by three of the king's mistresses (Barbara Villiers, Louise de Kérouaille, and Nell Gwynn). The short second act involves Charles in conversation with his queen, Catherine of Braganza.

## Original production

Billed as "A history lesson in three scenes by Bernard Shaw", the first production was at the Malvern Festival Theatre on 12 August 1939, directed by H. K. Ayliff and designed by Paul Shelving.

**Cast:**

Ayliff's production first transferred to the Streatham Hill Theatre on 15 April 1940, then to the New Theatre in London on 9 May 1940.

James Agate, writing for *The Sunday Times*, noted that the play was the best to have "come from the Shavian loom since *Methuselah*".

## Revivals

Ernest Thesiger, who again played "Mr Rowley", revived the play at the Malvern Festival on 11 August 1949. It was also revived at the Malvern Festival Theatre in 1983.

A radio production was broadcast on the BBC Third Programme on September 18, 1949, with Abraham Sofaer in the title role.

The first North American production was on 24 January 1957 at the Downtown Theater on New York's East 4th Street, where it ran for nearly two years, one of the longest runs of any Shaw play in the USA (as noted by Lawrence Langner).

A BBC production in the *Play of the Month* series, starring Sir John Gielgud as King Charles, was broadcast in February 1970.

* *In Good King Charles's Golden Days* by Bernard Shaw, with 12 text illustrations by Feliks Topolski, Constable, London (1939)
* *File on Shaw*, compiled by Margery Morgan, Methuen, London (1989) ISBN 0-413-15280-4
* *Bernard Shaw*, a biography by Michael Holroyd in five volumes, Chatto and Windus (1988-1992)
* Shaw's preface to the play, first published in the collected edition of *Geneva, Cymbeline Refinished* and *In Good King Charles's Golden Days*, Constable (1947)
* *Bernard Shaw: The Complete Prefaces*, volume III, 1930–1950, edited by Dan H Laurence and Daniel J Leary, Allen Lane, The Penguin Press (1997) ISBN 0-7139-9058-9

## InfoBox

| In Good King Charles's Golden Days | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Written by | George Bernard Shaw |
| Characters | Barbara Villiers
Catherine of Braganza
Charles II
George Fox
Godfrey Kneller
Isaac Newton
Louise de Kérouaille
Nell Gwynn |
| Date premiered | 12 August 1939 |
| Place premiered | Malvern Festival Theatre, Worcestershire, England |
| Original language | English |


title: Ruth Welting

abstract: Ruth Welting was an American operatic soprano who had an active international career from the early 1970s through the mid-1990s. A specialist in the coloratura soprano repertoire, she was particularly associated with the Metropolitan Opera where she performed regularly from 1976 until her retirement from performance in 1994. Endowed with a powerful coloratura voice, she is remembered as one of a few sopranos capable of singing the Mad Scene from Lucia di Lammermoor in the original F major key.

text:
# Ruth Welting

**Ruth Welting** (November 5, 1948 – December 16, 1999) was an American operatic soprano who had an active international career from the early 1970s through the mid-1990s. A specialist in the coloratura soprano repertoire, she was particularly associated with the Metropolitan Opera where she performed regularly from 1976 until her retirement from performance in 1994. Endowed with a powerful coloratura voice, she is remembered as one of a few sopranos capable of singing the Mad Scene ("Il dolce suono") from *Lucia di Lammermoor* in the original F major key.

## Life and career

Born in Memphis, Tennessee, Welting was the youngest of four sisters. Her older sister, Patricia Welting (1938–1986), was also a soprano who performed roles at the Metropolitan Opera during the late 1960s. Ruth began studying the piano at the age of 3. While a student at Messick High School she won the Ignacy Jan Paderewski Gold Medal from the National Guild of Piano Teachers. After graduating from Messick in 1966, she spent three years studying piano on full scholarship at the University of Memphis where she also sang leading roles in student opera productions. She also spent a summer during these years studying voice with Pablo Casals.

After her junior year at Memphis State, Welting left the school to become a student at the American Opera Center at the Juilliard School. After only a few months in the program, she toured with the Juilliard Opera to Italy where she performed at the Spoleto Festival USA. What was initially intended to be a short trip, turned into a long-term venture. She remained in Italy, dropped out of Juilliard, and spent the next three years studying voice with Luigi Ricci in Rome. She later studied voice privately with Daniel Ferro in New York City and Janine Reiss in Paris. In 1968 she won the Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions and debuted there in 1976 as Zerbinetta in Richard Strauss's *Ariadne auf Naxos*. Her official operatic debut came as Blonde in Mozart's *Die Entführung aus dem Serail*.

She temporarily retired in 1986–87 due to the murder of her sister Patricia Welting but resumed work in 1988. She officially retired in 1994 due to a change of interest and started to pursue government and foreign affairs. She continued her studies at Syracuse University (School of Government) until she was diagnosed with cancer in early 1999. She died aged 51 in Asheville, North Carolina.

She was the third wife of conductor Edo de Waart.

## Repertoire


title: Angus MacLeod (Royal Navy officer)

abstract: Admiral Angus MacLeod CVO was a Royal Navy officer who became Senior Officer, Coast of Ireland Station.

text:
# Angus MacLeod (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral **Angus MacLeod** CVO (11 June 1847 – 29 April 1920) was a Royal Navy officer who became Senior Officer, Coast of Ireland Station.

McLeod became commanding officer of the cruiser HMS *Pallas* in June 1891, commanding officer of the cruiser HMS *Gibraltar* in November 1894, commanding officer of the battleship HMS *Empress of India* in December 1895 and then commanding officer of the battleship HMS *Jupiter* in June 1897. He went on to be Captain, Fleet Reserve, Medway in October 1898, Director of Naval Ordnance at the Admiralty in April 1901 and Senior Officer, Coast of Ireland Station in January 1904 before he retired in March 1906.

MacLeod died at 87 Victoria Street in London on 29 April 1920 and was buried at Brookwood Cemetery.

## InfoBox

| Admiral
Angus MacLeod
CVO | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1847-06-11)11 June 1847 |
| Died | 29 March 1920(1920-03-29) (aged 72)
London |
| Buried | Brookwood Cemetery |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | Royal Navy |
| Rank | Admiral |
| Commands | HMS *Pallas*
HMS *Gibraltar*
HMS *Empress of India*
HMS *Jupiter*
Coast of Ireland Station |
| Awards | Commander of the Royal Victorian Order |


title: National Traffic Radio

abstract: National Traffic Radio is a Nigerian radio station owned by the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) and broadcasting on 107.1 MHz to Abuja. The idea for the station came after FRSC corps marshal Boboye Oyeyemi visited Lagos Traffic Radio, a similar station on the air in Lagos since 2012. Broadcasting began on a test basis on 12 November 2019, but formal inauguration did not take place until 15 June 2021, when Vice President Yemi Osinbajo visited the station and did a short on-air shift.

text:
# National Traffic Radio

**National Traffic Radio** is a Nigerian radio station owned by the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) and broadcasting on 107.1 MHz to Abuja.

The idea for the station came after FRSC corps marshal Boboye Oyeyemi visited Lagos Traffic Radio, a similar station on the air in Lagos since 2012. Broadcasting began on a test basis on 12 November 2019, but formal inauguration did not take place until 15 June 2021, when Vice President Yemi Osinbajo visited the station and did a short on-air shift.

## InfoBox

National Traffic Radio
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Federal Capital Territory |
| Frequency | 107.1 MHz |
| Programming | |
| Format | Highway advisory radio |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Federal Road Safety Corps |
| History | |
| First air date | November 12, 2019 (2019-11-12) |
| Links | |
| Webcast | frsc.gov.ng/live-radio/ |


title: Miran Bakhsh Mughal

abstract: Miran Bukhsh was the elder son of Ebraheem bin Qutab Din and was great-grandson of Abdul Aziz Mughal. He had three sons, Siraj Din, Pir Bukhsh and Roshan Din. Genealogy records owned by Muhammad Aslam Mughal, currently held in Langrewali, a small village of Sialkot, shows that Miran Bukhsh lived in that district.

text:
# Miran Bakhsh Mughal

**Miran Bukhsh** was the elder son of Ebraheem bin Qutab Din and was great-grandson of Abdul Aziz Mughal. He had three sons, Siraj Din, Pir Bukhsh and Roshan Din. Genealogy records owned by Muhammad Aslam Mughal, currently held in Langrewali, a small village of Sialkot, shows that Miran Bukhsh lived in that district.

## Genealogy

**Genealogy of Qutab Din according to Muhammad Aslam Mughal**
| 1. Abdurashid Khan 2. Abdul Aziz Mughal 3. Qutab Din | 4. Ebraheem bin Qutab Din 5. Miran Bakhsh Mughal 6. Pir Bukhsh | 7. Ghulam Rasool Gangi |
| --- | --- | --- |


title: Naim Records

abstract: Naim Records, also known as Naim Label, is a small independent record label in the United Kingdom, based in Salisbury, Wiltshire. Founded by Julian Vereker, its first CD was Electric Glide by Gary Boyle. Naim Records was shortlisted for the Best Small Label award at the inaugural AIM Independent Music Awards 2011. In June 2012 Mark Prisk, Business Minister for the UK Government, named Simon Drake, General Manager of Naim, one of 30 young rising stars of manufacturing in the Make It in Great Britain campaign. Musicians who have recorded on Naim include Laurence Hobgood Sabina Sciubba, Phantom Limb, The Milk, Tellison, Max Raptor, Gwyneth Herbert, Jon Thorne & Danny Thompson, William Fitzsimmons, Jeniferever, AM, Boy Com, Sons of Kemet, and Elektralux.

text:
# Naim Records

**Naim Records**, also known as **Naim Label**, is a small independent record label in the United Kingdom, based in Salisbury, Wiltshire. Founded by Julian Vereker, its first CD was *Electric Glide* by Gary Boyle. Naim Records was shortlisted for the Best Small Label award at the inaugural AIM Independent Music Awards 2011.

In June 2012 Mark Prisk, Business Minister for the UK Government, named Simon Drake, General Manager of Naim, one of 30 young rising stars of manufacturing in the Make It in Great Britain campaign.

Musicians who have recorded on Naim include Laurence Hobgood Sabina Sciubba, Phantom Limb, The Milk, Tellison, Max Raptor, Gwyneth Herbert, Jon Thorne & Danny Thompson, William Fitzsimmons, Jeniferever, AM, Boy Com, Sons of Kemet, and Elektralux.

## InfoBox

| Naim Records | |
| --- | --- |
| Founder | Julian Vereker |
| Genre | Various |
| Country of origin | U.K. |
| Location | Salisbury, Wiltshire |
| Official website | www.naimrecords.com |


title: VMFA-321

abstract: Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 321 (VMFA-321) was a United States Marine Corps fighter squadron consisting of F/A-18 Hornets. Known as "Hell’s Angels", the squadron participated in action during World War II and was then transferred to the Marine Forces Reserve. The squadron was decommissioned on 11 September 2004.

text:
# VMFA-321

**Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 321** (VMFA-321) was a United States Marine Corps fighter squadron consisting of F/A-18 Hornets. Known as "Hell’s Angels", the squadron participated in action during World War II and was then transferred to the Marine Forces Reserve. The squadron was decommissioned on 11 September 2004.

## History

### World War II

VMF-321 was established 1 February 1943 at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina, as a unit of Marine Aircraft Group 31, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing. After a crash course in tactics and maneuvers, the squadron was off to the war in the South Pacific. They were initially stationed at Barakoma Airfield on Vella Lavella, a recently captured island base in the Solomon Islands.

First Lieutenant Robert B. See made the squadron's first kill four days after arriving on the island. While in the Solomons, the "Hell's Angels" amassed a record of 39 kills of Japanese aircraft and an additional 11 probables, with only eight aircraft lost. At one time the squadron was scoring at least one kill and/or one probable a day with its F4U Corsair aircraft. Captain J. R. Norman, assisted by wingman Lieutenant Philip B. Talbott, once downed four planes in a single day.

Major Edmund F. Overend, the squadron's Commanding Officer, who had come to the squadron with 5.83 credited kills from his services with the American Volunteer Group in China, accounted for three more confirmed kills.

The squadron transferred north to the area around Guam, where pilots took over "milk run" bombings of neighboring islands and played a major role in knocking out Japanese bases from which attacks against American bomber bases were being launched.

### The Cold War

After the war, the squadron returned home and was deactivated on 28 January 1946. Early in 1946 a group of Marine aviators in the Washington, D.C. area began organizing a reserve fighting squadron from the ranks of pilots, officers, and enlisted members who had served together in the war as VMF-321. This new VMF-321 became an organized Marine Corps Reserve fighting squadron in July 1946 at Naval Air Station Anacostia, Maryland, and was assigned 14 Corsair aircraft similar to the ones flown by the squadron during the war.

On 1 April 1949, Marine Fighting Squadron 321 was redesignated Marine Fighter Squadron 321. The squadron was placed on alert 13 January 1951 and was activated on 1 March 1951 flying the F8F Bearcat during the Korean War. The 164-man unit began an intensive training program under the command of Major George Robertshaw, in preparation for deployment to the Far East. The squadron did not go to Korea as a unit. Instead it was declared an augmentation squadron and its members were assigned to regular Marine units to fill empty billets.

In the 1950s, the squadron flew the A-1 Skyraider and on 15 May 1958 they were redesignated Marine Attack Squadron 321 (VMA-321). In 1962, NAS Anacostia ceased fixed-wing flying operations and both it and adjacent Bolling AFB's runways closed due to airspace and traffic pattern conflicts with Washington National Airport. NAS Anacostia then became Naval Support Facility Anacostia with heliport operations only. At this point, all assigned USN and USMC flying units, to include VMA-321, relocated to nearby Andrews AFB, Maryland and the newly established Naval Air Facility Washington. On 1 July 1962, the squadron again became VMF-321 when it began flying the FJ-4B Fury. This was followed by a transition to the F-8 Crusader in January 1965.

In October 1973. a new paint scheme, consisting of a black dorsal and vertical stabilizer prompted a temporary nickname changed to the "Black Barons". However, the squadron shortly returned to the "Hell's Angels" adding a pitchfork running through the " MG" on the vertical stabilizer.

Marine Fighter Squadron 321 was redesignated Marine Fighter Attack Squadron VMFA-321 in December 1973, when it became the first Marine Air Reserve squadron to receive the F-4 Phantom II aircraft. The designation, which remains today, indicated the dual fighter/attack mission. Aircrew and maintenance personnel began preparing for the new aircraft long before its arrival, and on 15 January 1974, VMFA-321 made its first Phantom flight.

Reservists from VMFA-321 appeared in a film produced for recruiting personnel into the Marine Corps Air Reserves. The film, which featured actor and former Marine Christopher George, was produced in the summer of 1976 at Andrews Air Force Base by J. Walter Thompson, which has held the Marine Corps recruiting account contract for decades.

In 1985, VMFA-321 operated twelve F-4S Phantom aircraft and accumulated 12,344 mishap free hours. During the calendar year the squadron flew nearly 3,000 hours in support of a demanding aircrew training program. VMFA-321 was nominated for the Chief of Naval Operations Safety Award.

### 1990–2004

In 1991, VMFA-321 stood down the Phantom and commenced transitioning to the F/A-18 Hornet. During 1996, they deployed to Norway and Scotland. 1998 found them back in Scotland. 1999 sent the Hells Angels to Egypt. 2000 was a third and final deployment to Scotland. 2001 saw the squadron report to NAF Washington on 12 September without prior notice. The squadron reported mission ready with 6 aircraft and pilots ready for CAP missions and actually launched sorties in support of what would become Operational Noble Eagle. The squadron was chosen for deactivation as part of the Department of the Navy’s Tactical Air Integration Plan. And after a final deployment to Karup, Denmark in June 2004, they officially stood down on 11 September 2004. Shortly after this the last CO of the squadron flew the last remaining plane belonging to the squadron to Quantico MCB where he crashed the plane on its final landing. The aircraft, which was the first Marine Corps aircraft to respond after the 9/11 attacks was repaired and sat on display at TBS (The Basic School) until it went under restoration. It now appears in the National Museum of the Marine Corps in Quantico with VMFA-115 markings.

### Notes

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps.

### Bibliography

* Crowder, Michael J. *United States Marine Corps Aviation Squadron Lineage, Insignia & History - Volume One: The Fighter Squadrons*. Paducah, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company, 2000. ISBN 1-56311-926-9.
* Mersky, Commander Peter B. *A History of Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 321*. Washington D.C.: Historical Division, United States Marine Corps, 1991. PCN 190-003114-00.
* Rottman, Gordon L. *U.S. Marine Corps World War II Order of Battle - Ground and Air Units in the Pacific War, 1939 - 1945*. Greenwood Press, 2002. ISBN 0-313-31906-5.
* Sherrod, Robert. *History of Marine Corps Aviation in World War II*. Washington, D.C.: Combat Forces Press, 1952.

## InfoBox

| Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 321 | |
| --- | --- |
| VMFA-321 Insignia | |
| Active | 1 February 1943 – 11 September 2004 |
| Country | United States of America |
| Branch | United States Marine Corps |
| Type | Fighter/Attack |
| Role | Close air support
Air interdiction
Aerial reconnaissance |
| Part of | Deactivated |
| Nickname(s) | "Hell’s Angels"
"Black Barons" |
| Tail Code | **MG** |
| Engagements |  |


title: Norton Priory, Church Norton

abstract: Norton Priory is the former rectory of St Wilfrid's Chapel, Church Norton, West Sussex. The building is claimed to be of mediaeval origin, but so altered that much of the history of its construction is speculation. Some parts are from the 17th century, while a fireplace in the west wing bears the inscription "WL 1539".

text:
# Norton Priory, Church Norton

**Norton Priory** is the former rectory of St Wilfrid's Chapel, Church Norton, West Sussex. The building is claimed to be of mediaeval origin, but so altered that much of the history of its construction is speculation. Some parts are from the 17th century, while a fireplace in the west wing bears the inscription "WL 1539".

## InfoBox

| Norton Priory | |
| --- | --- |
| Looking across bird sanctuary from Pagham Harbour | |
| Location | Selsey Rectory Lane, Church Norton, West Sussex PO20 9DT, United Kingdom |
| Coordinates | 50°45′08″N 0°45′55″W / 50.75216°N 0.76526°W / 50.75216; -0.76526 |
| Built | Circa 16th century or earlier |
| Architectural style(s) | Vernacular |
|  | |
| Listed Building – Grade II | |
| Designated | 5 June 1958 |
| Reference no. | 1026239 |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Olympic Games (film)

abstract: Olympic Games is a 1927 American short silent comedy film directed by Anthony Mack. It was the 63rd Our Gang short subject to be released.

text:
# Olympic Games (film)

***Olympic Games*** is a 1927 American short silent comedy film directed by Anthony Mack. It was the 63rd *Our Gang* short subject to be released.

## Plot

The Gang competes in their version of the Olympics. As the boys try their hand at shot put, pole vault, and hurdles, Wheezer arrives and begins to teach Minnie how to do a Razzberry. They secretly razzle the Gang, and the gang keeps beating up an outsider who they accuse of the razzles. Farina tries the shot put, then later exhibits an exceptional pole vault. Joe has troubles with the pull up bar and a javelin. Peggy and Jean arrive to cheer on their hero, Joe. A rival gang appears and begins to pelt the kids with eggs and tomatoes. The Gang returns fire and hilarity results. They eventually catch Wheezer and Minnie razzing them; and they confront Wheezer. Wheezer sics Minnie on the Gang as they run away, Minnie on their heels.

## Cast

### The Gang

### Additional cast

## InfoBox

| Olympic Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | Anthony Mack |
| Written by | Hal Roach
H. M. Walker |
| Produced by | Hal Roach
F. Richard Jones |
| Edited by | Richard C. Currier |
| Distributed by | Pathé Exchange |
| Release date | * September 11, 1927 (1927-09-11) |
| Running time | 20 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent with English intertitles |


title: One More Little Kissie

abstract: "One More Little Kissie" is the eleventh single by the Dutch girl group Luv', released in May 1980 by CNR/Carrere Records. This song appears on the 1980 reissue of the True Luv' album and the Forever Yours LP. It was the last single featuring Patty Brard who left Luv' a couple of months after its release.

text:
# One More Little Kissie

"**One More Little Kissie**" (also credited as "**One More Little Kissy**") is the eleventh single by the Dutch girl group Luv', released in May 1980 by CNR/Carrere Records. This song appears on the 1980 reissue of the True Luv' album and the Forever Yours LP. It was the last single featuring Patty Brard who left Luv' a couple of months after its release.

## Background

Even if Ooh, Yes I Do and Ann-Maria were successful, their sales didn't reach those of You're the Greatest Lover and Trojan Horse. Luv' recorded a pop track containing exotica and bubblegum pop elements: One More Little Kissy, hoping to have bigger success. However, this song did not achieve the desired results. Moreover, due to intern conflicts, Patty Brard decided to leave Luv' in August 1980 as the group was promoting the single. Because the pop act had legal obligations all over the world with its limited company (Interluv'), a new member had to be found. A model and limbo dancer, Ria Thielsch, was chosen to replace Patty.

## Commercial performance

"One More Little Kissie" was a Dutch Top 10 hit and reached the Top 20 in Flanders (Belgium). It was a minor chart entry in Germany.

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (1980) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Belgium/Flanders (BRT Top 30) | 15 |
| Belgium/Flanders (Ultratop) | 23 |
| Germany (Media Control Charts/Musikmarkt) | 75 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 9 |
| Netherlands (Nationale Hitparade (currently Single Top 100) | 4 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1980) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Netherlands (Nationale Hitparade) 1980 | 94 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) 1980 | 96 |

## InfoBox

| "One More Little Kissie" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Luv' | |
| from the album  *True Luv' (1980 edition); Forever Yours* | |
| B-side | "*I Win It*" |
| Released | May 1980 |
| Recorded | 1980 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Length | 3:49 |
| Label | CNR/Carrere Records |
| Songwriter(s) | Hans van Hemert and Piet Souer (a.k.a. Janschen & Janschens) |
| Producer(s) | Hans van Hemert |
| Luv' singles chronology | |
| "Ann-Maria"
(1980) "**One More Little Kissie**"
(1980) "My Number One"
(1980) | |


title: Ruschiella

abstract: Ruschiella is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Aizoaceae. Its native range is South African Republic.

text:
# Ruschiella

***Ruschiella*** is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Aizoaceae.

Its native range is South African Republic.

## Species

Species:

## InfoBox

| *Ruschiella* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Ruschiella lunulata | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Aizoaceae |
| Genus: | *Ruschiella*<br>Klak |
|


title: R549 (South Africa)

abstract: The R549 is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects Heidelberg in Gauteng with Deneysville in the Free State.

text:
# R549 (South Africa)

The **R549** is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects Heidelberg in Gauteng with Deneysville in the Free State.

## Route

Its northern terminus is a junction with the R23 in Heidelberg from which it heads south-west. It crosses the Suikerbosrand River and the R54 road before crossing the Vaal River west of the Vaal Dam into the Free State and reaching an intersection with the R716 in Deneysville, marking its end.

## InfoBox

| Regional route R549 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Length | 52 km (32 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| North end | R23 in Heidelberg |
| Major intersections | R54 near Vaal Dam |
| South end | R716 in Deneysville |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Major cities | Heidelberg, Deneysville |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| R548   R550 | |


title: Naylor Prize and Lectureship

abstract: The Naylor Prize and lectureship in Applied Mathematics is a prize of the London Mathematical Society awarded every two years in memory of Dr V.D. Naylor. Only those who reside in the United Kingdom are eligible for the prize. The "grounds for award can include work in, and influence on, and contributions to applied mathematics and/or the applications of mathematics, and lecturing gifts."

text:
# Naylor Prize and Lectureship

The **Naylor Prize and lectureship in Applied Mathematics** is a prize of the London Mathematical Society awarded every two years in memory of Dr V.D. Naylor. Only those who reside in the United Kingdom are eligible for the prize. The "grounds for award can include work in, and influence on, and contributions to applied mathematics and/or the applications of mathematics, and lecturing gifts."

## Prize winners


title: V. I. Munuswamy Pillai

abstract: Rao Sahib Vellore Iyyasamy Munuswamy Pillai also spelled as Munisami Pillai, was an Indian businessman, politician, Scheduled Caste activist and activist of the Indian independence movement who served as the Minister for Agriculture and Rural Development in the government of C. Rajagopalachari from 1937 to 1939.

text:
# V. I. Munuswamy Pillai

Rao Sahib **Vellore Iyyasamy Munuswamy Pillai** (23 February 1889 – 14 December 1953) also spelled as **Munisami Pillai**, was an Indian businessman, politician, Scheduled Caste activist and activist of the Indian independence movement who served as the Minister for Agriculture and Rural Development in the government of C. Rajagopalachari from 1937 to 1939.

## Early life

Munuswamy Pillai was born in a poor(Inter caste married) family in Ootacamund, Nilgiris district in 1889. Due to his adverse financial circumstances, Munuswamy Pillai could afford little formal education and was forced to take up a job as a clerk at the age of twenty. After a successful stint as a clerk, Munuswamy Pillai set up his own business in 1925.

## Public life

Munuswamy Pillai was nominated to the Madras Legislative Council in 1926 representing the depressed classes. Under the presidency of V. I. Munusamy Pillai 'The All India DC Congress' (2nd Conference) was held at Nagpur in May 1932. He supported the policies of the Indian National Congress and served as Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development in Rajaji's cabinet from 1937 to 1939.

## Later life

Munuswamy Pillai retired from public life following the resignation of the Congress ministry in 1939. He returned to politics and was later elected to the Indian Constituent Assembly from Madras in 1946. In the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947 for the adoption of the National Flag he said, "It is not to be the Flag of the rich or the wealthy but it is to be the Flag of the depressed, oppressed and submerged classes all over our country." He contested and lost the 1952 parliamentary elections from Tindivanam as an Indian National Congress candidate. He died on 14 December 1953 at the 63. A special resolution was passed by the Madras Legislative Assembly condoling his death.

## InfoBox

| Rao SahibVellore Iyyasamy Munuswamy Pillai | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait from the Haripura Congress Souvenir, 1938 | |
|  | |
| Member of Constituent Assembly of India | |
| **In office**
9 December 1946  24 January 1950 | |
| Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development (Madras Presidency) | |
| **In office**
14 July 1937  9 October 1939 | |
| Premier | C. Rajagopalachari |
| Governor | John Erskine, Lord Erskine |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1889
Ootacamund, Madras Presidency |
| Died | 14 December 1953
Madras |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
| Profession | businessman |
|  | |


title: Numbers season 2

abstract: The second season of Numbers, an American television series, premiered on September 23, 2005, and its season finale was on May 19, 2006. Season two sees several changes to Don's FBI team: Terry Lake is reassigned to Washington DC and two new members join Don and David Sinclair: Megan Reeves and Colby Granger. Charlie is challenged on one of his long-standing pieces of mathematical work and also starts work on a new theory, Cognitive Emergence Theory. Larry sells his home and lives a nomadic lifestyle, while he becomes romantically involved with Megan. Amita receives an offer for an assistant professor position at Harvard University but is plagued by doubt as her relationship with Charlie is challenged and her career is in upheaval. Alan begins working and dating again, though he struggles with the loss of his wife.

text:
# Numbers season 2

The second season of *Numbers*, an American television series, premiered on September 23, 2005, and its season finale was on May 19, 2006. Season two sees several changes to Don's FBI team: Terry Lake is reassigned to Washington DC and two new members join Don and David Sinclair: Megan Reeves and Colby Granger. Charlie is challenged on one of his long-standing pieces of mathematical work and also starts work on a new theory, Cognitive Emergence Theory. Larry sells his home and lives a nomadic lifestyle, while he becomes romantically involved with Megan. Amita receives an offer for an assistant professor position at Harvard University but is plagued by doubt as her relationship with Charlie is challenged and her career is in upheaval. Alan begins working and dating again, though he struggles with the loss of his wife.

## Cast

### Main

### Recurring

### Guest

## Episodes

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original air date | Prod.
code | US viewers
(millions) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14 | 1 | "Judgment Call" | Alex Zakrzewski | Ken Sanzel | September 23, 2005 (2005-09-23) | 201 | 11.18 |
| When the wife of a judge (Alan Rosenberg) is shot dead while arriving into her parking garage, Don and his team look into the judge's cases to determine if one of his verdicts led to the murder.
*First appearance of*: Diane Farr as Megan Reeves and Dylan Bruno as Colby Granger
---  *Mathematics used:* Scatterplot, Bayesian Spam Filtering, Buffon's needle and Conditional Probability | | | | | | | |
| 15 | 2 | "Better or Worse" | J. Miller Tobin | Andrew Dettman | September 30, 2005 (2005-09-30) | 202 | 11.83 |
| Don and his team are called in when a woman attempting to rob a jewelry store in Beverly Hills is shot by a security guard.
---  *Mathematics used*: Von Neumann cellular automata, Farey sequence and pseudo-random numbers | | | | | | | |
| 16 | 3 | "Obsession" | John Behring | Robert Port | October 7, 2005 (2005-10-07) | 203 | 11.40 |
| The FBI becomes involved in the stalking of a popular singer (Samaire Armstrong) after she is threatened by an intruder in her house and reveals a series of threatening letters she has received through the mail. Charlie receives an anonymous love letter from someone other than Amita.
---  *Mathematics used*: Trigonometry, curvelet analysis, Forensic Information System for Handwriting (FISH), spherical astronomy and art gallery problem | | | | | | | |
| 17 | 4 | "Calculated Risk" | Bill Eagles | J. David Harden | October 14, 2005 (2005-10-14) | 204 | 11.09 |
| Don and Megan are called to the murder scene when the CFO of a powerful energy company—who was about to testify against her fellow executives—is murdered at her home and her son is the only witness. Guest stars include Jeff Perry, Raphael Sbarge and Josh Eriksson.
---  *Mathematics used*: Conditional probability and compound interest | | | | | | | |
| 18 | 5 | "Assassin" | Bobby Roth | Nicolas Falacci & Cheryl Heuton | October 21, 2005 (2005-10-21) | 205 | 11.17 |
| Along with David Sinclair and new FBI Agent Colby Granger, Don discovers a secret code during a raid and enlists Charlie's help to crack it. Charlie cancels his date with Amita only to discover she already made other plans for that night. Guest stars include Elizabeth Peña and Christian Clemenson.
---  *Mathematics used*: Transposition cipher, game theory and paper planes | | | | | | | |
| 19 | 6 | "Soft Target" | Andy Wolk | Don McGill | November 4, 2005 (2005-11-04) | 206 | 11.13 |
| A week-long series of counter-terrorism exercises are put to the test by Homeland Security officials (John Heard and Scott Cohen) in Los Angeles, but the first one is violated by someone who releases a potentially lethal gas in the subway system. Alan hosts a wedding for a girl (Christina Chang) from the Eppes brothers' past.
---  *Mathematics used*: Percolation theory and diffusion | | | | | | | |
| 20 | 7 | "Convergence" | Dennis Smith | Nicolas Falacci & Cheryl Heuton | November 11, 2005 (2005-11-11) | 207 | 12.36 |
| Don investigates a series of home invasions in which the thieves steal only high-end items from wealthy individuals. Meanwhile, an old adversary (Colin Hanks as recurring character Marshall Penfield) challenges Charlie's breakthrough work, The Eppes Convergence.
---  *Mathematics used*: Group theory, data-mining, Fourier analysis, calendars, Three-dimensional trilateration, Set theory and projectile motion | | | | | | | |
| 21 | 8 | "In Plain Sight" | John Behring | Julie Hébert | November 18, 2005 (2005-11-18) | 208 | 12.44 |
| Megan feels personally responsible for an agent's death following an explosion at a house where meth is being illegally produced and that the FBI targeted for a bust but the case takes a new direction after Charlie discovers that the drug kingpin was in the FBI office, looking for help in rescuing his supposedly kidnapped daughter.
---  *Mathematics used*: Flock behavior, steganography and matrices \- error correction code | | | | | | | |
| 22 | 9 | "Toxin" | Jefery Levy | Ken Sanzel | November 25, 2005 (2005-11-25) | 209 | 12.67 |
| Don learns that someone is poisoning non-prescription drugs made by a leading pharmaceutical company after four people nearly die from the tampering. Guest stars include Lou Diamond Phillips in the recurring role of FBI fugitive tracker and sniper Ian Edgerton, as well as Connor Trinneer and Cynthia Preston.
---  *Mathematics used*: Information theory \- information entropy, graph theory \- Seven Bridges of Königsberg and soap bubble theory with Steiner tree | | | | | | | |
| 23 | 10 | "Bones of Contention" | Jeannot Szwarc | Christos Gage & Ruth Fletcher | December 9, 2005 (2005-12-09) | 210 | 12.53 |
| An archaeologist is killed in a museum, and the object she was studying is taken. Guest stars include Graham Greene, Reed Diamond, Michael Greyeyes, Clyde Kusatsu, Kate Burton and Lorraine Toussaint.
---  *Mathematics used*: Exponential decay and Voronoi diagram | | | | | | | |
| 24 | 11 | "Scorched" | Norberto Barba | Sean Crouch | December 16, 2005 (2005-12-16) | 211 | 11.96 |
| An arsonist believed to be part of an extremist environmental group sets a fire at a car dealership that kills a salesman. The group's name is spray painted at the scene and is the fourth such fire, but the first to claim a life. Guest stars include Loren Dean and science educator and television presenter Bill Nye in his first appearance in the recurring role of Charlie's CalSci colleague engineering professor Bill Waldie.
*First appearance of*: Sophina Brown as Bianca Styles, before she is cast as Nikki Betancourt in season five.
---  *Mathematics used*: Combustion and principal components analysis | | | | | | | |
| 25 | 12 | "The OG" | Rod Holcomb | Andrew Dettman | January 6, 2006 (2006-01-06) | 212 | 13.93 |
| When Don and his team are called to the murder scene of a Los Angeles gang member, they learn the victim is a fellow agent who had been working undercover. Guest stars include Will Patton in his first appearance as recurring character LAPD Lt. Gary Walker, Michelle Nolden in her first appearance as recurring character Assistant United States Attorney Robin Brooks, Tamara Taylor and Aldis Hodge.
---  *Mathematics used*: Poisson distribution and social network analysis | | | | | | | |
| 26 | 13 | "Double Down" | Alex Zakrzewski | Don McGill | January 13, 2006 (2006-01-13) | 213 | 12.98 |
| When the FBI is called to investigate a murder at a Los Angeles card club, it leads the agents to unravel a complicated card counting scheme involving a group of college students whose lives may now be at risk. Ethan Phillips guest stars.
---  *Mathematics used*: Probability involving sampling without replacement, time series analysis and randomization | | | | | | | |
| 27 | 14 | "Harvest" | John Behring | J. David Harden | January 27, 2006 (2006-01-27) | 214 | 13.22 |
| A South Asian teenager is found in the blood-spattered basement of an old downtown hotel where she was apparently being tortured. The investigation soon reveals that the girl, along with three other missing women, are victims of a black-market organ-harvesting scheme. David Dayan Fisher guest stars.
---  *Mathematics used*: Markov chain, ellipses and genetic variation | | | | | | | |
| 28 | 15 | "The Running Man" | Terrence O'Hara | Ken Sanzel | February 3, 2006 (2006-02-03) | 215 | 13.31 |
| A DNA synthesizer with the capability of customizing diseases is stolen from the campus where Charlie teaches, and Don figures the thieves may be terrorists out to start or advance a bio-warfare program. Guest stars include Kirk Acevedo and Sara Botsford.
---  *Mathematics used*: Benford's law, continued fraction, astronomy, and probability | | | | | | | |
| 29 | 16 | "Protest" | Dennis Smith | Nicolas Falacci & Cheryl Heuton | March 3, 2006 (2006-03-03) | 216 | 11.94 |
| A pedestrian is killed when a homemade bomb explodes under a car outside of a downtown Army recruiting center. The investigation reveals that a similar bombing that killed two people at a Vietnam War-era ROTC office occurred exactly 35 years earlier, and the retired agent (Robert Forster) that investigated the first bombing becomes part of the current inquiry. Things take a turn when Don discovers that his father was a member of an anti-war group believed to have been associated with the bombings. Other guest stars include Concetta Tomei and Patrick J. Adams.
---  *Mathematics used*: Graph theory, Ramsey numbers and recursive sequence | | | | | | | |
| 30 | 17 | "Mind Games" | Peter Markle | Andrew Dettman | March 10, 2006 (2006-03-10) | 217 | 11.67 |
| When the bodies of three illegal-immigrant women are found on government-owned land in a wilderness area, Don investigates and learns a psychic (John Glover) led the police to the crime scene after allegedly seeing visions of the bodies. Charlie becomes extremely annoyed after learning that Don is using the psychic's help to solve the case, maintaining that true psychics do not exist.
---  *Mathematics used*: Fokker-Planck equation and Binomial theorem | | | | | | | |
| 31 | 18 | "All's Fair" | Rob Morrow | Julie Hébert | March 31, 2006 (2006-03-31) | 218 | 12.09 |
| In an effort to find the murderer of an Iraqi woman, Don enlists the help of the victim's cousin, who lives in Los Angeles. Through her cousin, Don learns information about the woman's disturbing connection to Saddam Hussein, which could lead to her murderer. Meanwhile, Charlie reunites with an ex-girlfriend, a best-seller neuropsychologist (Sonya Walger).
---  *Mathematics used*: Density, Sudoku, logistic regression and game theory | | | | | | | |
| 32 | 19 | "Dark Matter" | Peter Ellis | Don McGill | April 7, 2006 (2006-04-07) | 219 | 13.69 |
| As Don and his team investigate the motive behind two students's deadly school shooting, Charlie uses the school's radio frequency identification system to track the shooters's movements through the school's hallways. But the team are stunned when Charlie reveals that they're looking for a third shooter, someone with motive. Guest stars include Leighton Meester, Christine Estabrook, and Marin Mazzie.
---  *Mathematics used*: RFID and optimization problem | | | | | | | |
| 33 | 20 | "Guns and Roses" | Stephen Gyllenhaal | Robert Port | April 21, 2006 (2006-04-21) | 220 | 12.09 |
| When an ATF agent is found dead amid questionable circumstances, Don demands to take on the case, which revolves around an elaborate bank heist, after he learns the victim is his ex-girlfriend. Michelle Nolden appears in her recurring role of Assistant US Attorney Robin Brooks.
---  *Mathematics used*: Echolocation and biomathematics (DNA sequence alignment) | | | | | | | |
| 34 | 21 | "Rampage" | J. Miller Tobin | Ken Sanzel | April 28, 2006 (2006-04-28) | 221 | 12.32 |
| After an unknown man opens fire in the FBI offices, causing carnage and destruction, Don and his team must investigate his motive and his connection to a dangerous arms dealer who is on trial. Meanwhile, Don soon learns that the bullet that killed the sex offender the team interviewed came from Colby's gun, forcing Colby to be put on desk duty for the time being.
---  *Mathematics used*: Chaos theory, Brownian Motion, Self-organized criticality, Venn diagram and tesseracts/hypercubes | | | | | | | |
| 35 | 22 | "Backscatter" | Bill Eagles | Nicolas Falacci & Cheryl Heuton | May 5, 2006 (2006-05-05) | 222 | 12.01 |
| An FBI investigation into a computer hacking scam, which taps into a bank's system to gain access to customer's identities and financial assets, becomes personal for Don when the Russian mob spearheading it comes after him and threatens the safety of Charlie and Alan. Will Patton returns as LAPD Lt. Gary Walker; David Aaron Baker also guest stars.
---  *Mathematics used*: Explicit and implicit functions, geometric progression and exponential growth. Neil Sloane's Integer Sequence Database was also used. | | | | | | | |
| 36 | 23 | "Undercurrents" | J. Miller Tobin | J. David Harden | May 12, 2006 (2006-05-12) | 223 | 12.35 |
| Five young Chinese girls wash up on the shore; while Charlie works out where they came from, it emerges that one of the girls is carrying Avian Flu. Guest stars include Lauren Vélez and Russell Wong.
---  *Mathematics used*: Encoding, vector fields, kinematics, n-dimensional space and strange loop. | | | | | | | |
| 37 | 24 | "Hot Shot" | John Behring | Barry Schindel | May 19, 2006 (2006-05-19) | 224 | 12.72 |
| Two women are found dead with an apparent drug overdose, in similar positions with a syringe in the left arm; Don suspects a serial killer. The investigation reveals valium (diazepam) and morphine. Charlie's help on Don's case is hindered by his bizarre dream about his mother (JoBeth Williams appears as Margaret Eppes). Sam Trammell and Olympia Dukakis also guest star.
---  *Mathematics used*: Directed graph, parabolic equations, probability and trajectory | | | | | | | |

NOTE: Refs Need Archive Backup URLs @ https://archive.org/web/

## InfoBox

| *Numbers* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 2 | |
| DVD cover | |
| No. of episodes | 24 |
| Release | |
| Original network | CBS |
| Original release | September 23, 2005 (2005-09-23)
May 19, 2006 (2006-05-19) |
| Season chronology | |
|