title: Frederic James

abstract: Frederic James (1915–1985) was an American painter who specialized in watercolors. He was associated with the Regionalist art movement.

text:
# Frederic James

**Frederic James** (1915–1985) was an American painter who specialized in watercolors. He was associated with the Regionalist art movement.

## Early life

Frederic James was born in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1915. His father was master of the Santa Fe Railroad yards. James showed an early talent for painting, and in 1934, the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City accepted one of his watercolors for their Midwestern Exhibition. James attended the University of Michigan and majored in architecture. Upon his graduation, he was awarded an architecture scholarship to the Cranbrook Academy of Art, where he was close friends with Eero Saarinen, Ralph Rapson, and Charles and Ray Eames. Working in a partnership with Saarinen and Rapson, he won a national competition, sponsored by the Museum of Modern Art, to design a national theater in Williamsburg, Virginia, beating out, among others, Philip S. Goodwin and Edward Durrell Stone. Despite his talent, architecture was not James' passion, and the only building he ever designed and built was his home in Kansas City.

## Art career

In 1939, he returned to Kansas City and dedicated himself to becoming a painter. That year, he won the watercolor prize competition at the Kansas City Art Institute. His career quickly gained momentum. In 1940, he had a piece accepted for the International Exhibition of Watercolors at the Art Institute of Chicago and won the Friends of Art Purchase Prize in the Midwestern Artists Exhibition of the Kansas City Art Institute. The Art Institute immediately hired him to teach watercolor classes, and James began a close association with fellow teacher and famed Regionalist artist Thomas Hart Benton. Benton selected 15 of James’ watercolors to be included in a widely publicized exhibition of his students’ work that was held at the Associated American Artists Gallery in New York City in November 1940.

James’ art career was put on hold by World War II. He enlisted and was assigned first to Fort Leonard Wood and later to Brazil, never seeing the European or Pacific Theaters of War. Following the war, James returned to Kansas City and resumed his painting and teaching career at the Art Institute. In 1947, he married Diana Hearne. James had vacationed at Martha's Vineyard with Benton’s family for a few years, and James soon purchased a second home on Martha's Vineyard as well. He also gave up his teaching position to concentrate on painting, and his reputation continued to expand, winning the Purchase Award at the Mid-America Annual Art Show in 1951 and holding a well-received one-man show at the Associated American Artists Gallery in New York in 1952. In 1954, the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art held an exhibition of his work in their main loan gallery. After the mid-1950s, James lost interest in promoting his work on a national stage, but he continued his prolific output, producing many watercolors of rural Missouri and Kansas, especially the Flint Hills of Kansas. In addition to his watercolors, James did murals for the Trinity Lutheran Church in Mission, Kansas; the Overland Park State Bank, and the Kansas and Consumer's Coop Association. He also completed a wild flower series of prints of the New York Botanical Garden. He died in 1985.

## Sources

* Frederic James: A Painter from Kansas City. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City. Henry Adams. 1986.
* Frederic James: The Early Years, 1935-1955. Thomas McCormack Works of Art, Kansas City, MO, 1992.
* The Artists Bluebook. Lonnie Pierson Dunbar, editor. March 2005.
* Under the Influence: The Students of Thomas Hart Benton. Marianne Berardi. The Albrecht-Kemper Museum of Art. 1993
* Davenport's Art Reference. Ray Davenport. 2005.
* Who Was Who in American Art. Peter Hastings Falk (editor). 1999
* American Drawings and Watercolors from the Kansas City Region. Henry Adams. The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City. 1992.
* The Annual Exhibition Record of the Art Institute of Chicago. Peter Hastings Falk. 1990.
* The Society of Independent Artists Exhibition Record, 1917-1944. 1984.
* Missouri, Heart of the Nation: Pictorial Record of Fourteen Artists. Charles Ravensway. 1947.
* Kansas City Regional Art. Associated American Artists. New York. 1940


title: Niechłonin

abstract: Niechłonin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płośnica, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south of Płośnica, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Działdowo, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

text:
# Niechłonin

**Niechłonin** \[ɲɛˈxwɔnin\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płośnica, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south of Płośnica, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Działdowo, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

## InfoBox

| Niechłonin | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Niechłonin | |
| Coordinates: 53°11′N 20°3′E / 53.183°N 20.050°E / 53.183; 20.050 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian |
| County | Działdowo |
| Gmina | Płośnica |


title: Geordine Henry

abstract: Geordine Henry is a Jamaican female badminton player.

text:
# Geordine Henry

**Geordine Henry** (born 21 March 1988) is a Jamaican female badminton player.

## Achievements

### BWF International Challenge/Series

*Women's Doubles*

| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| 2014 | Carebaco International | Mikaylia Haldane | Shari Watson
Tamisha Williams | 11-21, 17-21 | **Runner-up** |
|
| 2016 | Jamaica International | Mikaylia Haldane | Ruth Williams
Katherine Wynter | 17-21, 21-10, 15-21 | **Runner-up** |
|

*Mixed Doubles*

| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| 2011 | Carebaco International | Gareth Henry | Mitchel Wongsodikromo
Crystal Leefmans | 17-21, 11-21 | **Runner-up** |
| 2013 | Carebaco International | Gareth Henry | Anibal Marroquin
Krisley López | 16-21, 19-21 | **Runner-up** |
|

BWF International Challenge tournament   BWF International Series tournament   BWF Future Series tournament

## InfoBox

| Geordine Henry | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Country | Jamaica |
| Born | (1988-03-21) 21 March 1988 |
| Height | 1.64 m (5 ft 5 in) |
| Weight | 68 kg (150 lb) |
| Women's | |
| Highest ranking | 385 (WS) 3 Nov 2016
454 (WD) 27 Sep 2012
263 (XD) 13 Sep 2012 |
| BWF profile | |


title: Verticordia gracilis

abstract: Verticordia gracilis is a flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low shrub with small leaves and rounded groups of fluffy pale to deep pink flowers in late spring or early summer, following rain.

text:
# Verticordia gracilis

***Verticordia gracilis*** is a flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low shrub with small leaves and rounded groups of fluffy pale to deep pink flowers in late spring or early summer, following rain.

## Description

*Verticordia gracilis* is a shrub which grows to 14–45 cm (6–20 in) high and 20–60 cm (8–20 in) wide and which varies in form from open and spindly to bushy. Its leaves are oblong in shape, almost triangular or circular in cross-section, 2–4 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long with a rounded end.

The flowers are scented and arranged in rounded, corymb-like groups near the ends of the branches, each flower on an erect stalk 9–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long. The floral cup is top-shaped, about 1.5–2 mm (0.06–0.08 in) long, hairy and slightly warty. The sepals are pale to deep pink, spreading, 3.0–3.5 mm (0.12–0.14 in) long, with a hairy margin. The petals are also pink, erect 2 mm (0.08 in), round and erect with an irregularly toothed edge. The style is curved, 4 mm (0.16 in) long, and has tufts of hairs. Flowering time is from late October to December or January, following rain.

## Taxonomy and naming

*Verticordia gracilis* was first formally described by Alex George in 1991 and the description was published in *Nuytsia* from specimens north of Mount Holland, north-east of Hyden. The specific epithet (*gracilis*) is a Latin word meaning "thin" or "slender" referring to the stems and flower stalks.

George placed this species in subgenus *Verticordia*, section *Platandra*. Initially, it was the only species in this section but George placed *V. setacea* in the Section *Platandra* when that species was described in 2010.

## Distribution and habitat

This verticordia grows in sand, usually with or near loam and gravel, often with other species of verticordia. It is found between Merredin, the Dragon Rocks Nature Reserve and Mount Holland in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie and Mallee biogeographic regions.

## Conservation

*Verticordia gracilis* is classified as "Priority Three" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat. One population is in a nature reserve, but others are threatened because they occur on road verges or railway reserves.

## Ecology

Elizabeth Berndt records that "closer inspection \[of the flowers\] reveals many 'dewy' centred flowers dripping with pools of nectar" however it has been shown that the anthers of this species have glands almost as large as the pollen-bearing locelli. These glands are surrounded by cells that produce a polyphenol and that the oil is released at the same time as the pollen.

## Use in horticulture

Flowers on cultivated specimens of this plant last much longer than those in the wild and their bright colour and sweet scent make them attractive garden plants. Plants have been propagated from cuttings and by grafting onto *Darwinia citriodora* rootstock. Established plants prefer full sun and well drained soil and some specimens have even performed well in winter-rainfall areas.

## InfoBox

| *Verticordia gracilis* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Priority Three — Poorly Known Taxa (DEC) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Myrtaceae |
| Genus: | *Verticordia* |
| Subgenus: | *Verticordia* subg. *Verticordia* |
| Section: | *Verticordia* sect. *Platandra* |
| Species: | ***V. gracilis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Verticordia gracilis***
A.S.George | |
|


title: Palazzo Margherita

abstract: Palazzo Margherita, formerly Palazzo Piombino, is a palazzo on Via Veneto in Rome. The usual name references Queen Margherita of Savoy, who lived there from 1900 to 1926. In 1885, the Boncompagni-Ludovisi family chose to sell their ancestral family home in response to a severe financial crisis. The Villa Ludovisi and most of its extensive grounds were sold in 1883 to a property developer, the Società Generale Immobiliare, which in 1885 divided the property into luxury building lots. The family retained a small portion of the original estate around the Casino di Villa Boncompagni Ludovisi, the only building from the original holdings that was not demolished. However, the Casino was not designed to be the primary family home of a noble family. The Palazzo Piombino was built from 1886 to 1890 by Gaetano Koch for Rodolfo Boncompagni Ludovisi, titular Prince of Piombino, as a new palace for the Boncompagni-Ludovisi family. It occupied one of the new developer lots at a prominent location along the Via Veneto, the new main road that developers had built through the former Villa property. The Boncompagni-Ludovisi family occupied the house for barely a decade before being forced to sell it in 1900 due to further economic difficulties, including some due to the high cost of the new palazzo itself. After the assassination of King Umberto I in Monza in 1900, his son and successor King Victor Emmanuel III purchased the palazzo from the family as a suitable residence for the newly widowed Queen Margherita, who took up residence in the palazzo on Christmas Day, 1900 for the remaining 26 years of her life. She remained active in public life in her roles as queen dowager and queen mother, and the building in which she lived become known as Palazzo Margherita. After her death, the building was divided into offices for the Mussolini government. In 1946, the US government purchased the palazzo from the Italian government, and it now houses the United States Embassy in Italy. The palazzo was extensively renovated between 1949 and 1952 to restore rooms to their earlier appearance, while also modernizing plumbing and heating systems and increasing office space. The palazzo is now protected both by Italian law for cultural heritage and by listing on the U.S. Department of State Register of Culturally Significant Property.

text:
# Palazzo Margherita

**Palazzo Margherita**, formerly **Palazzo Piombino**, is a palazzo on Via Veneto in Rome. The usual name references Queen Margherita of Savoy, who lived there from 1900 to 1926.

In 1885, the Boncompagni-Ludovisi family chose to sell their ancestral family home in response to a severe financial crisis. The Villa Ludovisi and most of its extensive grounds were sold in 1883 to a property developer, the Società Generale Immobiliare, which in 1885 divided the property into luxury building lots. The family retained a small portion of the original estate around the Casino di Villa Boncompagni Ludovisi (Villa Aurora), the only building from the original holdings that was not demolished. However, the Casino was not designed to be the primary family home of a noble family.

The Palazzo Piombino was built from 1886 to 1890 by Gaetano Koch for Rodolfo Boncompagni Ludovisi, titular Prince of Piombino, as a new palace for the Boncompagni-Ludovisi family. It occupied one of the new developer lots at a prominent location along the Via Veneto, the new main road that developers had built through the former Villa property. The Boncompagni-Ludovisi family occupied the house for barely a decade before being forced to sell it in 1900 due to further economic difficulties, including some due to the high cost of the new palazzo itself.

After the assassination of King Umberto I in Monza in 1900, his son and successor King Victor Emmanuel III purchased the palazzo from the family as a suitable residence for the newly widowed Queen Margherita, who took up residence in the palazzo on Christmas Day, 1900 for the remaining 26 years of her life. She remained active in public life in her roles as queen dowager and queen mother, and the building in which she lived become known as Palazzo Margherita.

After her death, the building was divided into offices for the Mussolini government. In 1946, the US government purchased the palazzo from the Italian government, and it now houses the United States Embassy in Italy. The palazzo was extensively renovated between 1949 and 1952 to restore rooms to their earlier appearance, while also modernizing plumbing and heating systems and increasing office space. The palazzo is now protected both by Italian law for cultural heritage and by listing on the U.S. Department of State Register of Culturally Significant Property.

*Part of this article originated from the corresponding Italian-language article*

* Carpaneto, Giorgio (2004). *I palazzi di Roma*. Rome: Newton & Compton. ISBN 88-541-0207-5.
* Carpaneto, Giorgio (October 1993). "Via Vittorio Veneto: da porta Pinciana a via Bissolati". *Roma ieri, oggi, domani*. **VI** (60). Rome: Newton Compton: 31–44.

## Additional Images

41°54′24″N 12°29′27″E / 41.9068°N 12.4908°E / 41.9068; 12.4908

## InfoBox

| Palazzo Margherita | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Former names | Palazzo Piombino |
| General information | |
| Status | In use |
| Architectural style | Cinquecentesimo (Renaissance Revival) |
| Address | Via Vittorio Veneto 121 |
| Town or city | Rome |
| Country | Italy |
| Current tenants | US |
| Named for | Margherita of Savoy |
| Construction started | 1886 |
| Completed | 1890 |
| Client | Don Rodolfo Boncompagni Ludovisi |
| Owner | U.S. Government |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Gaetano Koch |


title: Mortran

abstract: Mortran is an extension of the Fortran programming language used for scientific computation. It introduces syntax changes, including the use of semicolons to end statements, in order to improve readability and flexibility. Mortran code is macro-processed into Fortran code for compilation. Example: Note that Mortran, like many preprocessors, does not make a complete analysis of the Fortran source and, like many preprocessors, may not always make its assumptions/requirements explicit. Consider, for example, Mortran multiple assignment. From the Mortran User Guide: produces the following FORTRAN statements: In this example, the produced Fortran implements the multiple assignment correctly only if X is not aliased to I or to A(I,K), assuming the multiple assignment semantics are left to right. The MORTRAN2 processor is written in ANSI standard Fortran 66, with the only extension the ability to assign and compare character data stored in INTEGER variables. The SKOL programming language, written by Charles Zahn in the mid-1970s, was implemented with MORTRAN macros. SKOL supported advanced features including his situation case statement, and ALGOL-W-like structured data records and references.

text:
# Mortran

**Mortran** (**M**ore F**ortran**) is an extension of the Fortran programming language used for scientific computation. It introduces syntax changes, including the use of semicolons to end statements, in order to improve readability and flexibility. Mortran code is macro-processed into Fortran code for compilation.

Example:

```
<I=1,200; J=I;
    UNTIL M(J).EQ.0 <
        J=M(J);
    >
    IF I.NE.J <
        OUTPUT I,M(J+1); (' Chain',I4,' ends with ',A4);
    >
>

```

Note that Mortran, like many preprocessors, does not make a complete analysis of the Fortran source and, like many preprocessors, may not always make its assumptions/requirements explicit. Consider, for example, Mortran multiple assignment. From the Mortran *User Guide*:

```
 / I, A(I,K), J / = SQRT(X/2.0);

```

produces the following FORTRAN statements:

```
          I = SQRT(X/2.0)
          A(I,K) = SQRT(X/2.0)
          J = SQRT(X/2.0)

```

In this example, the produced Fortran implements the multiple assignment correctly only if X is not aliased to I or to A(I,K), assuming the multiple assignment semantics are left to right.

The MORTRAN2 processor is written in ANSI standard Fortran 66, with the only extension the ability to assign and compare character data stored in INTEGER variables.

The SKOL programming language, written by Charles Zahn in the mid-1970s, was implemented with MORTRAN macros. SKOL supported advanced features including his situation case statement, and ALGOL-W-like structured data records and references.


title: Jiang Jinquan

abstract: Jiang Jinquan is a Chinese politician who is serving as the director of the Central Policy Research Office. Previously, he served as deputy director of the Central Policy Research Office, chief inspector of the CCDI Discipline Inspection Office at the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and executive deputy director of the Central Policy Research Office.

text:
# Jiang Jinquan

**Jiang Jinquan** (Chinese: 江金权; born September 1959) is a Chinese politician who is serving as the director of the Central Policy Research Office. Previously, he served as deputy director of the Central Policy Research Office, chief inspector of the CCDI Discipline Inspection Office at the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and executive deputy director of the Central Policy Research Office.

## Biography

Jiang was born in Xishui, Hubei. He studied at Hubei Normal University, majoring in Chinese. He studied economics at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology.

Jiang started his career in the Organization Department of the CCP Hubei Provincial Committee. Then, he worked in the Central Policy Research Office (CPRO) and specialized in party-building research. He moved up the ranks in the CPRO and eventually became deputy director of the office.

In May 2016, Jiang was appointed the chief inspector of the CCDI Discipline Inspection Office at the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. In his capacity as chief inspector, Jiang was appointed a member of the 19th Central Discipline Inspection Commission in October 2017.

In February 2018, Jiang returned to the CPRO to serve as its executive deputy director. He was the principal deputy of CPRO Director Wang Huning, who was elevated to the Politburo Standing Committee at the 19th Party Congress in October 2017. Jiang succeeded Wang as director of the CPRO in October 2020. As director of the CPRO, Jiang accompanied General Secretary Xi Jinping on almost all of his domestic and international trips. At the 20th Party Congress, Jiang was not appointed a full member of the 20th Central Committee.

## InfoBox

| Jiang Jinquan | |
| --- | --- |
| 江金权 | |
| Jiang in 2021 | |
|  | |
| Director of the Central Policy Research Office | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
30 October 2020 | |
| General Secretary | Xi Jinping |
| Preceded by | Wang Huning |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 1959 (age 65)
Xishui, Hubei, China |
| Political party | Chinese Communist Party |
| Alma mater | Hubei Normal University
Huazhong University of Science and Technology |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Simplified Chinese |  |
| Traditional Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Jiāng Jīnquán | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Qarameşə

abstract: Qarameşə is a village and municipality in the Qakh Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 109.

text:
# Qarameşə

**Qarameşə** (also, **Karamesha**) is a village and municipality in the Qakh Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 109.

## InfoBox

| Qarameşə | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| QarameşəQarameşə | |
| Coordinates: 41°25′22″N 46°49′55″E / 41.42278°N 46.83194°E / 41.42278; 46.83194 | |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Rayon | Qakh |
| Population | |
| Total | 109 |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+5 (AZT) |


title: Uppal Kalan

abstract: Uppal is a neighbourhood in Eastern Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is the mandal headquarters of Uppal mandal in Keesara revenue division in Medchal-Malkajgiri district. It forms Circle No.2 in the L. B. Nagar Zone of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation. There are four wards i.e., Chilukanagar (7), Habsiguda (8), Ramanthapur (9) and Uppal (10) in this circle.

text:
# Uppal Kalan

**Uppal** is a neighbourhood in Eastern Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is the mandal headquarters of Uppal mandal in Keesara revenue division in Medchal-Malkajgiri district. It forms Circle No.2 in the L. B. Nagar Zone of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation. There are four wards i.e., Chilukanagar (7), Habsiguda (8), Ramanthapur (9) and Uppal (10) in this circle.

## Etymology and history

It was a municipality prior to its merger into the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation. The words khurd and kalan were administrative terminology dating back to Mughal times, to differentiate two areas with the same name. Khurd means "small" and kalan means "big" are taken from Persian language.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Uppal Kalan had a population of 118,259. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Uppal Kalan has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 66%. In Uppal Kalan, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

In 1991, it had a population of 78,644. The recorded growth rate of this area in 10 years (1991–2001) was about 56 percent.

## Education

* St. Marks High School
* Global Indian International School
* Little Flower Junior College
* Aurora Technical Research Institute
* Joshi Vidya Niketan School

## Transport

Uppal metro station is located here.

## Religious Place

Sri Sri Sri Uppalamma Temple is one of the famous temples in the locality. It is near Uppal X roads

Karigiri Venkateshwara Swamy Temple located in Swaroop Nagar Colony is one of well known religious places

Sri Ramachandra Swamy Devasthanam in Beerappagadda is also a well known temple in Uppal

Other religious places include Qutub Shahi Mosque and Chilkanagar Church

## InfoBox

| Uppal Uppal Kamaan | |
| --- | --- |
| neighborhood | |
| Aerial view of Uppal | |
| UppalLocation in Hyderabad, IndiaUppalUppal (India) | |
| Coordinates: 17°23′N 78°33′E / 17.38°N 78.55°E / 17.38; 78.55 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Telangana |
| District | Medchal-Malkajgiri |
| City | Hyderabad |
| Elevation | 455 m (1,493 ft) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 500039 |
| Telephone code | 91 040 |
| Vehicle registration | **TS-08** |


title: Michèle Deslauriers

abstract: Michèle Deslauriers is a Canadian actress. She is the wife of actor Sébastien Dhavernas and the mother of actress Caroline Dhavernas and voice actress Gabrielle Dhavernas. She provides the voice announcing stops, service interruptions, and special messages for the Montreal Metro.

text:
# Michèle Deslauriers

**Michèle Deslauriers** (born January 17, 1946) is a Canadian actress. She is the wife of actor Sébastien Dhavernas and the mother of actress Caroline Dhavernas and voice actress Gabrielle Dhavernas. She provides the voice announcing stops, service interruptions, and special messages for the Montreal Metro.

## Filmography

1. Stevenson, Verity. "'Attention': The voice of the STM emerges from behind the microphone". *CBC.ca*. Montreal: CBC/Radio-Canada. Retrieved 2023-04-19.

## InfoBox

| Michèle Deslauriers | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1946-01-17) January 17, 1946<br>Quebec, Canada |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1971–present |


title: Frederic James de Peyster

abstract: Frederic James de Peyster was an American soldier, lawyer, and member of New York Society during the Gilded Age.

text:
# Frederic James de Peyster

**Frederic James de Peyster** (February 5, 1839  May 10, 1905) was an American soldier, lawyer, and member of New York Society during the Gilded Age.

## Early life

Frederic James de Peyster was born on February 5, 1839, in New York City. He was the first of five children born to James Ferguson de Peyster (1794–1874) and his second wife, Frances Goodhue (née Ashton) de Peyster (1805–1871). His father was a widower of Susan Maria Clarkson, with whom he had one child, Susan Maria de Peyster (1823–1910), who married Robert Edward Livingston (1820–1889) of Clermont. Through his half-sister Susan, he was the uncle of Goodhue Livingston, the prominent New York architect. Frederic was the only child from his parents marriage to marry and have children.

His maternal grandfather was William Ashton. His paternal grandparents were Helen Livingston Hake and Frederic de Peyster who fought for the British crown during the American Revolution and was descended from Arent Schuyler and Abraham de Peyster (the 20th Mayor of New York City). His uncle was Frederic de Peyster.

De Peyster prepared for college at the private school of Dr. Dennis. He graduated from College of the City of New York in 1860 with an A.B. degree and later an A.M. degree. He studied law at Columbia Law School, graduating in 1862 with an LL.B. degree, and in 1864 with an LL.M. degree.

## Career

After being admitted to the bar, de Peyster practiced law in New York for many years. He was associated with the firm Tremaine & Tyler. From his father, he inherited a significant fortune, enabling him to avoid being "tied down to his professional duties, and much of his time has been spent in the interests of charity."

De Peyster, who was "deeply interested in historic and patriotic subjects," served as president of the Holland Society, governor of the Society of Colonial Wars, president of the New York Dispensary and chairman of the New York Society Library. He was also involved with the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, serving for several years as the New York trustee and treasurer. He served as treasurer of The Bank for Savings in the City of New-York.

### Society life

In 1892, both de Peyster and his wife Augusta were included in Ward McAllister's "Four Hundred", purported to be an index of New York's best families, published in *The New York Times*. Conveniently, 400 was the number of people that could fit into Mrs. Astor's ballroom. De Peyster was a member of the Saint Nicholas Society, serving as president. During his time as president, he was awarded the Order of Orange-Nassau by Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands.

## Personal life

On October 10, 1871, Frederic was married to Augusta McEvers Morris (1851–1911), a daughter of William Henry Morris (1810–1896) and his second wife, Ella (née Birckhead) Morris. Her half-brother was Augustus Newbold Morris. Together, they had a home at 11 East 86th Street in Manhattan and were the parents of:

De Peyster died in Lakewood, New Jersey, where the family vacationed, on May 11, 1905. He was buried in his family's vault in Trinity Church Cemetery. His entire estate was left to his widow and five children with his widow receiving 3/8ths and each child receiving 1/8th.

### Descendants

Through his eldest daughter Helen, he was the grandfather of George Livingston de Peyster (b. 1909), who married Shirley Tucker Hull (1918–2014) in 1942. Through his son Frederic Ashton, he was the grandfather of Alice Townsend de Peyster (b. 1910), who married James Todd Jr.; Frederic Ashton de Peyster Jr. (b. 1911); and Helen Van Courtlandt de Peyster (b. 1913), who married Erica A. von Raits; James Abercrombie de Peyster, who married Dorothy Shelby Sims, the daughter of Princess Irbain-Khan Kaplanoff.

**Notes**

**Sources**

1. "FREDERIC DE PEYSTER DEAD.; Member of Old New York Family Suddenly Stricken". *The New York Times*. May 12, 1905. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
2. "Obituary. JAMES DE PEYSTER". *The New York Times*. June 14, 1874. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
3. "The Late James F. De Peyster". *The New York Times*. June 20, 1874. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
4. Reynolds, Cuyler (1914). *Genealogical and Family History of Southern New York and the Hudson River Valley: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Building of a Nation*. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. pp. 1023–1029. Retrieved November 13, 2017. clarkson.
5. Aitken, William Benford (1912). *Distinguished Families in America, Descended from Wilhelmus Beekman and Jan Thomasse Van Dyke*. Knickerbocker Press. pp. 19–21. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
6. "Frederic De Peyster Dead.; the End of a Useful and Honorable Career". *The New York Times*. August 19, 1882. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
7. Bergen, A.M., Tunis Garret (1915). *Genealogies of the State of New York: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Founding of a Nation*. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company. p. 455. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
8. "FRANCES DE PEYSTER DEAD IN HOME.HERE; With Sister Gave $50,000 to St. John's Cathedral -- Ancestor Was Burgomeister in 1673". *The New York Times*. April 5, 1935. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
9. "Personal". New York: Buffalo Daily Courier. June 16, 1874.
10. McAllister, Ward (February 16, 1892). "THE ONLY FOUR HUNDRED | WARD M'ALLISTER GIVES OUT THE OFFICIAL LIST. HERE ARE THE NAMES, DON'T YOU KNOW, ON THE AUTHORITY OF THEIR GREAT LEADER, YOU UNDER- STAND, AND THEREFORE GENUINE, YOU SEE" (PDF). *The New York Times*. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
11. Keister, Lisa A. (2005). *Getting Rich: America's New Rich and How They Got That Way*. Cambridge University Press. p. 36. ISBN 9780521536677. Retrieved October 20, 2017.
12. "MRS. F. J. DE PEYSTER DEAD. Member of Old New York Family, Was Interested in Charitable Work". *The New York Times*. April 5, 1911. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
13. "The Commercial and Financial Chronicle". National News Service, Incorporated. 1906: 542. Retrieved October 15, 2017. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
14. Huberdeau, Jennifer (July 21, 2016). "The Cottager | Brookhurst: Modern art finds a home on former estate's property". *The Berkshire Eagle*. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
15. National American Society (1906). *Americana, American Historical Magazine*. New York: The Publishing Society of New York. p. 434. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
16. "Mrs. Helen Van C. de Peyster Lung". *The New York Times*. April 12, 1923. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
17. "CAPTAIN LUNG A SUICIDE.; Medical Officer at Naval War College Kills Himself in Summer Home". *The New York Times*. July 27, 1921. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
18. "MISS DE PEYSTER WEDS DR. G.A. LUNG; Ceremony at St. Bartholomew's Largely Attended by Old New York Families. WAS A NAVAL WEDDING Bridegroom, Best Man, and Ushers All Wore Full Dress Uniforms, Brave with Gold Lace". *The New York Times*. April 29, 1908. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
19. "F. A. De Peyster Dies in Home Here at 76". *The New York Times*. May 6, 1951. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
20. "Countess de Castellane, 80, Widow of Polish NoblemanI". *The New York Times*. May 27, 1965. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
21. "MRS. TODD TO BE WED TO F.A. DE PEYSTER; Bridegroom-Elect Member of Pioneer New York Family". *The New York Times*. June 22, 1939. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
22. "MRS. DE PEYSTER WED TO A COUNT; Word Is Received Here of Her Marriage in Genoa Dec. 28 to Bohdan de Castellane. HAD BEEN LIVING IN FRANCE The Former Alice Abercrombie-Miller Is Due in New York Tomorrow for Visit". *The New York Times*. February 10, 1935. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
23. "Augusta de Peyster Heads Group Of Patronesses Aiding Seamen; Helen L. Michalis Is Chairman of Debutante Committee for 'The Star-Wagon' Benefit Performance on Night of Oct. 28--'I'd Rather Be Right' to Support Madison House". *The New York Times*. October 10, 1937. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
24. "BISHOP DEDICATES WINDOW; It Is Gift to St. John the Divine of de Peyster Sisters". *The New York Times*. June 12, 1937. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
25. Leonard, John William (1907). *Men of America: A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporaries*. L.R. Hamersly. p. 1960. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
26. "A Day's Weddings.; Shoemaker -- De Peyster". *The New York Times*. December 15, 1905. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
27. "BROKER SHOEMAKER KILLED.; Elevator Started as He Was Getting Off and Crushed His Leg". *The New York Times*. June 22, 1906. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
28. "GIVE MARRIAGE SURPRISE.; Mrs. E. de Peyster Shoemaker Weds Morton L. Schwartz, Banker". *The New York Times*. February 19, 1915. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
29. Times, Wireless To the New York (May 16, 1926). "MRS. M.L. SCHWARTZ GAINS PARIS DECREE; Divorces Broker She Married in 1915". *The New York Times*. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
30. "MORTON SCHWARTZ WEDS MISS BALKE; Capitalist, Divorced ill Paris in May, Marries Daughter of Mrs. Katherine M. Balke, IN DODGE BROTHERS DEAL He Aided in Purchase of Automobile Business for $150,000,000 -- First Wife Now Mrs. E. M. de Peyster". *The New York Times*. September 28, 1926. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
31. "Mrs. de Peyster Entertains". *The New York Times*. December 22, 1926. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
32. "Mrs. Morris de Peyster Hostess". *The New York Times*. January 8, 1927. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
33. "SEASON ON AT LAKEWOOD.; Hotels Open and Cottages Filed -- The Goulds and de Peysters Arrive". *The New York Times*. November 4, 1906. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
34. "F.J. DE PEYSTER'S FUNERAL.; Interment in Old Family Vault in Trinity Churchyard". *The New York Times*. May 14, 1905. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
35. "F.J. DE PEYSTER'S WILL.; Lawyer Left All of His Estate to Widow and Five Children". *The New York Times*. May 26, 1905. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
36. "Shirley (Hull) HUNTINGTON's". *legacy.com*. Press Democrat. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
37. "SHIRLEY T. HULL WED TO G. L. DE PEYSTER; Ceremony Takes Place in the Junior League's Clubhouse". *The New York Times*. June 14, 1942. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
38. "Miss Shirley Hull Becomes Bride of G.L. de Peyster" (PDF). *The New York Sun*. June 13, 1942. Retrieved February 26, 2018.

## InfoBox

| Frederic James de Peyster | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| President of the Saint Nicholas Society of the City of New York | |
| **In office**
1892–1893 | |
| Preceded by | James William Beekman |
| Succeeded by | Chauncey Mitchell Depew |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1839-02-05)February 5, 1839
New York City, US |
| Died | May 10, 1905(1905-05-10) (aged 66)
Lakewood, New Jersey, US |
| Spouse | Augusta McEvers Morris
(m. 1871) |
| Relations | Goodhue Livingston (nephew) |
| Children | 5 |
| Parent(s) | James Ferguson de Peyster
Frances Goodhue Ashton |
| Alma mater | College of the City of New York
Columbia Law School |
| Awards | Order of Orange-Nassau |
| Signature |  |
|  | |


title: Nick Podehl

abstract: Nick Podehl is an American voice actor. He has narrated more than 250 audiobooks, for which he has received 14 Earphone Awards and 2 Odyssey Award honors.

text:
# Nick Podehl

**Nick Podehl** is an American voice actor. He has narrated more than 250 audiobooks, for which he has received 14 Earphone Awards and 2 Odyssey Award honors.

## Biography

Podehl graduated from Grand Valley State University, where he studied Communications and Theatre. While at Grand Valley State University, he performed in multiple theatre productions.

He presently lives near Grand Rapids, Michigan with his wife and two daughters.

## Awards and honors

### Awards

| Year | Title | Author | Award | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | *Masters of Disaster* (2010) | Gary Paulsen | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *The Ask and the Answer* (2009) | Patrick Ness | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *The Knife of Never Letting Go* (2008) | Patrick Ness | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *Swim the Fly* (2010) | Don Calame | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *Zombies vs. Unicorns* (2010) | Holly Black and Justine Larbalestier (eds.) | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| 2011 | *Carter's Big Break* (2010) | Brent Crawford | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *The Knife of Never Letting Go* (2008) | Patrick Ness | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults | Top 10 |  |
| | Patrick Ness | Odyssey Award | Honor |  |
| | *Will Grayson, Will Grayson* (2010) | John Green and David Levithan | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults | Top 10 |  |
| | John Green and David Levithan | Odyssey Award | Honor |  |
| | *The Wise Man's Fear* (2011) | Patrick Rothfuss | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| 2012 | *Carter's Big Break* (2010) | Brent Crawford | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults | Top 10 |  |
| | *October Mourning: A Song for Matthew Shepard* (2012) | Lesléa Newman | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| 2013 | *More Than This* (2002) | Patrick Ness | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *Personal Effects* | E. M. Kokie | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults | Top 10 |  |
| | *Wonder* | R.J. Palacio | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults | Top 10 |  |
| | *The Wonder of Aging: A New Approach to Embracing Life After Fifty* (2013) | Michael Gurian | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *Yesterday's Echo* (2013) | Matt Coyle | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| 2014 | *The Boundless* (2014) | Kenneth Oppel | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| | *The Curse of the Buttons* (2014) | Anne Ylvisaker | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| 2015 | *Fat Boy vs. the Cheerleaders* | Geoff Herbach | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults | Top 10 |  |
| 2016 | *The Consequence Of Seduction* (2016) | Rachel Van Dyken | Earphone Award | **Winner** |  |
| 2017 | *The Brink: Stories* | Austin Bunn | Audie Award for Short Stories or Collections | **Winner** |  |
| | *Forgiving My Daughter’s Killer* | Kate Grosmaire and Nancy French | Audie Award for Faith-Based Fiction and Nonfiction | Finalist |  |

### Honors

| Year | Title | Author | Honor | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | *The Killer's Cousin* | Nancy Werlin | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Will Grayson, Will Grayson* (2010) | John Green and David Levithan | Booklist Editors' Choice: Media |  |
| 2011 | *Beat the Band* | Don Calame | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *The Knife of Never Letting Go* (2008) | Patrick Ness | Notable Children's Recordings |  |
| | *Seth Baumgartner’s Love Manifesto* | Eric Luper | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Swim the Fly* | Don Calame | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Will Grayson, Will Grayson* (2010) | John Green and David Levithan | Notable Children's Recordings |  |
| 2012 | *The Ask and the Answer* (2009) | Patrick Ness | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *After Ever After* | Jordan Sonnenblick | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Bruiser* | Neal Shusterman | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Paintings from the Cave* | Gary Paulsen | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Wonder* | R.J. Palacio | Booklist Editors' Choice: Media |  |
| | *Zombies vs. Unicorns* (2010) | Holly Black and Justine Larbalestier (eds.) | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| 2013 | *Dancing Carl* | Gary Paulsen | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Doll Bones* | Holly Black | AudioFile Best Children's Titles |  |
| | *October Mourning: A Song for Matthew Shepard* (2012) | Lesléa Newman | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Wonder* | R.J. Palacio | Notable Children's Recordings |  |
| 2014 | *The Boundless* (2014) | Kenneth Oppel | AudioFile Best Children's Titles |  |
| | *Crazy Dangerous* | Andrew Klavan | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| 2015 | *The Boundless* (2014) | Kenneth Oppel | Notable Children's Recordings |  |
| | *The Liar's Wife* (2014) | Mary Gordon | Booklist Editors' Choice: Audio for Adults |  |
| | *Sway* | Kat Spears | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| 2016 | *The Consequence Of Seduction (2016)* | Rachel Van Dyken | AudioFile Best Romance Titles |  |
| 2018 | *Benjamin Franklin You’ve Got Mail* by | Adam Mansbach and Alan Zweibel | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |
| | *Who Killed Christopher Goodman?* | Allan Wolf | Amazing Audiobooks for Young Adults |  |

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | *Surviving Grandpop* | John Thompson |
| 2009 | *Already Happened* | Johnny |
| 2012 | *The 13th Warning* | Narrator |
| 2012 | *Three Faces of Me* | Narrator |
| 2018 | *How to Catch A Turkey* | Narrator |


title: Night Song (Mike LeDonne album)

abstract: Night Song is an album by pianist Mike LeDonne which was recorded in 2005 and released on the Savant label.

text:
# Night Song (Mike LeDonne album)

***Night Song*** is an album by pianist Mike LeDonne which was recorded in 2005 and released on the Savant label.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

In his review on Allmusic, Scott Yanow states "Pianist Mike LeDonne, whose main influence is McCoy Tyner, mostly sounds pretty original throughout this swinging trio set ... Mike LeDonne is the main star throughout and is heard in prime form. Recommended". In JazzTimes, Thomas Conrad wrote "LeDonne is a deeply middle-of-the-road mainstream-modern pianist who lacks any signature stylistic manifestations that would give his work a clearly identifiable personality. But he is highly proficient and swings at all tempos. He also has taste. *Night Song* is a quality project throughout"

## Track listing

1. "Night Song" (Lee Adams, Charles Strouse) – 6:43
2. "JB" (Mike LeDonne) – 5:31
3. "After the Rain" (John Coltrane) – 7:36
4. "I Should Care" (Axel Stordahl, Paul Weston, Sammy Cahn) – 7:54
5. "Don't You Worry 'bout a Thing" (Stevie Wonder) – 8:06
6. "In a Sentimental Mood" (Duke Ellington) – 6:25
7. "Toys" (Herbie Hancock) – 7:14
8. "Continuum" (LeDonne) – 7:26
9. "Alone Together" (Arthur Schwartz, Howard Dietz) – 4:42

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Night Song | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Mike LeDonne | |
| Released | September 13, 2005 |
| Recorded | May 10, 2005 |
| Studio | Van Gelder Studio, Englewood Cliffs, NJ |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 61:37 |
| Label | Savant
SCD 2067 |
| Producer | Don Sickler |
| Mike LeDonne chronology | |
| *Smokin' Out Loud*
(2004) ***Night Song***
(2005) *On Fire: Live at Smoke*
(2006) | |


title: Hipnosis (Cuban band)

abstract: Hipnosis is a rock band from Marianao, La Habana, Cuba. Formed in 2001, the band rose to national fame in 2004 with its debut video, The Chosen One. Hipnosis fuses varied influences taken from heavy metal, thrash, doom and grunge styles. They arrived in the United States on July 21, 2013 and requested political asylum. They now reside in Pembroke Pines, FL.

text:
# Hipnosis (Cuban band)

**Hipnosis** is a rock band from Marianao, La Habana, Cuba. Formed in 2001, the band rose to national fame in 2004 with its debut video, *The Chosen One*. Hipnosis fuses varied influences taken from heavy metal, thrash, doom and grunge styles. They arrived in the United States on July 21, 2013 and requested political asylum. They now reside in Pembroke Pines, FL.

## Band history

Hipnosis began in 2001, bringing together young people with different musical influences including types of metal such as Heavy Metal, Death Metal, Power Metal, Thrash Metal and Gothic Metal.

After being selected in 2003 as the best novel group in a poll promoted by the television program *Cuerda Viva*, they produced the album *The Chosen One* (2004), which was nominated by Cubadisco 2005 in the Rock and Opera Prima categories. Giovany Milhet is the composer of all the songs on the album. There follow-up album, Revelation, won the Cuba Disco Award for Best Rock/Metal Album of 2013. They continue to perform in the United States.

## Discography

* *The Chosen One* (2004)
* *Revelation* (2012)

## Demos

* *Hope* (2002)
* *Labyrinth* (2003)
* *In your Dreams* (2007)

## InfoBox

| Hipnosis | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Marianao, La Habana, Cuba |
| Genres |  |
| Years active | 2001–present |
| Labels | EGREM |
|  | |
| Members | * Fanny Tachín * Giovanny Milhet * Raymond Rodriguez * Alain Candia * Indira Labanino |


title: His Blind Power

abstract: His Blind Power is a 1913 silent film drama short directed by Romaine Fielding. It starred Fielding and Mary Ryan and was produced by the Lubin Manufacturing Company.

text:
# His Blind Power

***His Blind Power*** is a 1913 silent film drama short directed by Romaine Fielding. It starred Fielding and Mary Ryan and was produced by the Lubin Manufacturing Company.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| His Blind Power | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Romaine Fielding |
| Produced by | Lubin Manufacturing Company<br>Siegmund Lubin |
| Distributed by | General Film Company |
| Release date | * December 20, 1913 (1913-12-20) |
| Running time | 3 reels |
| Country | USA |
| Language | Silent..English titles |


title: His Best Friend (1929 film)

abstract: His Best Friend is a 1929 German silent action film directed by and starring Harry Piel and also featuring Dary Holm and Grit Haid. It was shot at the Staaken Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Neppach.

text:
# His Best Friend (1929 film)

***His Best Friend*** (German: ***Sein bester Freund***) is a 1929 German silent action film directed by and starring Harry Piel and also featuring Dary Holm and Grit Haid. It was shot at the Staaken Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Neppach.

## Cast

In alphabetical order

## Bibliography

* Matias Bleckman. *Harry Piel: ein Kino-Mythos und seine Zeit*. Filminstitut der Landeshaupstadt Düsseldorf, 1992.

## InfoBox

| His Best Friend | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Harry Piel |
| Written by | Hans Rameau |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography |  |
| Production
company | Ariel Film |
| Distributed by | Deutsche Lichtspiel-Syndikat |
| Release date | * 22 October 1929 (1929-10-22) |
| Running time | 127 minutes |
| Country | Germany |
| Languages | Silent
German intertitles |


title: His Birthright

abstract: His Birthright is a 1918 American drama film directed by William Worthington for Haworth Pictures Corporation. Sessue Hayakawa produced the film and played the lead role. The rest of the cast includes Marin Sais, Howard Davies, Mary Anderson, and Hayakawa's wife Tsuru Aoki.

text:
# His Birthright

***His Birthright*** is a 1918 American drama film directed by William Worthington for Haworth Pictures Corporation. Sessue Hayakawa produced the film and played the lead role. The rest of the cast includes Marin Sais, Howard Davies, Mary Anderson, and Hayakawa's wife Tsuru Aoki.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine, Yukio is a Japanese-American whose father, a naval officer, failed to return to his mother after the honeymoon. The mother commits harakiri and the son becomes determined to kill his father and goes to America. Influenced by a female German spy, Yukio steals an important document from his father, who is now an admiral. Rebuffed by the woman and ashamed to have sunk to the level of a thief, he then decides to recover the paper. He does so after a desperate battle with the woman's colleagues and returns the document to his father, who descends upon the place with police and captures the spies. Yukio announces that he came to take his father's life, but the admiral tells him that he loved Yukio's mother and did not return to her as he could not find her. Taking his place as the admiral's son, Yukio is now determined to join the U.S. army and fight in World War I, a cause in which Japan and America are united.

## Cast

## Preservation

Only 3 of the 5 reels of *His Birthright* are known to survive and they are held by the EYE Filmmuseum in the Netherlands.

## InfoBox

| His Birthright | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster. | |
| Directed by | William Worthington |
| Story by | Sessue Hayakawa
Denison Clift |
| Produced by | Sessue Hayakawa |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Robert Newhard |
| Production
company | Haworth Pictures Corporation |
| Distributed by | Mutual Film |
| Release date | * September 8, 1918 (1918-09-08) (USA) |
| Running time | 50 minutes |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: Niederbauen-Chulm

abstract: The Niederbauen-Chulm is a mountain of the Urner Alps, overlooking Lake Lucerne in Central Switzerland. Its 1,923 metre high summit is located on the border between the cantons of Nidwalden and Uri.

text:
# Niederbauen-Chulm

The **Niederbauen-Chulm** is a mountain of the Urner Alps, overlooking Lake Lucerne in Central Switzerland. Its 1,923 metre high summit is located on the border between the cantons of Nidwalden and Uri.

## InfoBox

| Niederbauen-Chulm | |
| --- | --- |
| View from Lake Lucerne | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,923 m (6,309 ft) |
| Prominence | 327 m (1,073 ft) |
| Coordinates | 46°56′51″N 8°33′24″E / 46.94750°N 8.55667°E / 46.94750; 8.55667 |
| Geography | |
| Niederbauen-ChulmLocation in Switzerland | |
| Location | Nidwalden/Uri, Switzerland |
| Parent range | Urner Alps |


title: Nick Runciman

abstract: Nick Runciman (born 1 September 1985) is a retired English rugby union player, who played for London Welsh in the Aviva Premiership. Runciman had previously played for Worcester Warriors for a number of years having come through the academy there. He joined Gloucester from London Welsh in 2011 and rejoined London Welsh in 2012. He played as a scrum half until an eye injury brought his career to a premature conclusion. Runciman played for England at age-group level where he developed a good understanding with Ryan Lamb as a 9–10 combination, and frequently played above his age grade at Cheltenham Bournside School & Sixth Form Centre where he was the youngest captain of the 1st XV. Was put on his behind in front of Medley's lab in 2001. Since retiring he has opened his own personal training company that covers general fitness, strength and conditioning as well as specialist rugby coaching. Runciman has coached Stow-On-The-Wold rugby club in his first venture into senior rugby coaching. He briefly played for Cheltenham North RFC at a social level of rugby as a favour to his brother who played for the same team. Nick is the older brother of Will Runciman who also enjoyed a short period of high level rugby.

text:
# Nick Runciman

**Nick Runciman** (born 1 September 1985) is a retired English rugby union player, who played for London Welsh in the Aviva Premiership. Runciman had previously played for Worcester Warriors for a number of years having come through the academy there. He joined Gloucester from London Welsh in 2011 and rejoined London Welsh in 2012. He played as a scrum half until an eye injury brought his career to a premature conclusion. Runciman played for England at age-group level where he developed a good understanding with Ryan Lamb as a 9–10 combination, and frequently played above his age grade at Cheltenham Bournside School & Sixth Form Centre where he was the youngest captain of the 1st XV. Was put on his behind in front of Medley's lab in 2001.

Since retiring he has opened his own personal training company that covers general fitness, strength and conditioning as well as specialist rugby coaching. Runciman has coached Stow-On-The-Wold rugby club in his first venture into senior rugby coaching. He briefly played for Cheltenham North RFC at a social level of rugby as a favour to his brother who played for the same team.

Nick is the older brother of Will Runciman who also enjoyed a short period of high level rugby.

## InfoBox

Nick Runciman
| Birth name | Nicholas James M. Runciman |
| --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1985-09-01) 1 September 1985 |
| Place of birth | Cheltenham, England |
| Height | 5 ft 9 in (1.80m) |
| Weight | 180 lb (81.6 kg) |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Scrum-half  Senior career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2006–2008
2008–2011
2011–2012
2012–2013 Worcester Warriors
London Welsh
Gloucester Rugby
London Welsh  7
81
10
5  (5)
(0)
(5)
(0) | |


title: Nicole Schupf

abstract: Nicole Schupf is an American epidemiologist and neuroscientist who is Professor of Epidemiology in Neurology, Psychiatry, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Faculty of Medicine. She studies aging and Alzheimer's disease in individuals with Down syndrome.

text:
# Nicole Schupf

**Nicole Schupf** is an American epidemiologist and neuroscientist who is Professor of Epidemiology in Neurology, Psychiatry, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Faculty of Medicine. She studies aging and Alzheimer's disease in individuals with Down syndrome.

## Education and early career

Schupf graduated from Bryn Mawr College in 1964. She received her Ph.D. from New York University in 1970, trained as a physiological psychologist. She worked on neuroimmunological mechanisms in lupus cerebritis for several years before going on to pursue an M.P.H. from the University of California in 1984 and a Dr.P.H. in epidemiology from Columbia University, which she received in 1995.

## Career

Schupf is Professor of Epidemiology in Neurology, Psychiatry, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Faculty of Medicine. She studies aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), looking at genetic and nongenetic factors that can influence degree of risk or age at onset. She is involved in longitudinal, multidisciplinary work searching for biomarkers that could define the progression of AD in this population. This wide-ranging investigation includes blood-based biomarkers (like beta-amyloid peptides, protein, inflammatory and lipid profiles); measures of amyloid and tau concentration in cerebrospinal fluid; changes detected with neuroimaging; PET studies of brain amyloid uptake; and genetic variations. She has been a major recipient of National Institutes of Health and other federal grant-makers for this research.

## Selected publications

* Mayeux, R.; Honig, L. S.; Tang, M.-X.; Manly, J.; Stern, Y.; Schupf, N.; Mehta, P. D. (11 November 2003). "Plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 and Alzheimer's disease: Relation to age, mortality, and risk". *Neurology*. **61** (9): 1185–1190. doi:10.1212/01.WNL.0000091890.32140.8F. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 14610118. S2CID 54663454. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
* Manly, Jennifer J.; Tang, Ming-X.; Schupf, Nicole; Stern, Yaakov; Vonsattel, Jean-Paul G.; Mayeux, Richard (2008). "Frequency and course of mild cognitive impairment in a multiethnic community". *Annals of Neurology*. **63** (4): 494–506. doi:10.1002/ana.21326. ISSN 1531-8249. PMC 2375143. PMID 18300306.
* Kerkel, Kristi; Spadola, Alexandra; Yuan, Eric; Kosek, Jolanta; Jiang, Le; Hod, Eldad; Li, Kerry; Murty, Vundavalli V.; Schupf, Nicole; Vilain, Eric; Morris, Mitzi; Haghighi, Fatemeh; Tycko, Benjamin (July 2008). "Genomic surveys by methylation-sensitive SNP analysis identify sequence-dependent allele-specific DNA methylation". *Nature Genetics*. **40** (7): 904–908. doi:10.1038/ng.174. ISSN 1546-1718. PMID 18568024. S2CID 10355545. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
* Scarmeas, Nikolaos; Stern, Yaakov; Mayeux, Richard; Manly, Jennifer J.; Schupf, Nicole; Luchsinger, Jose A. (1 February 2009). "Mediterranean Diet and Mild Cognitive Impairment". *Archives of Neurology*. **66** (2): 216–25. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2008.536. ISSN 0003-9942. PMC 2653223. PMID 19204158. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
* Scarmeas, Nikolaos; Luchsinger, José; Schupf, Nicole (12 August 2009). "Physical Activity, Diet, and Risk of Alzheimer Disease". *JAMA*. **302** (6): 627–37. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1144. ISSN 0098-7484. PMC 2765045. PMID 19671904. Retrieved 3 January 2021.

## Personal life

Schupf was married to H. Jack Geiger from 1982 until his death in 2020.

## InfoBox

| Nicole Schupf | |
| --- | --- |
| Title | Professor of Epidemiology |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | New York University
University of California
Columbia University, |
| Academic work | |
| Institutions | Columbia University |
| Main interests | Alzheimer's disease, aging in adults with Down syndrome |
|  | |


title: Hit Masters

abstract: Hit Masters is a karaoke company. In 2008, they released a version of the Kid Rock song "All Summer Long" to the iTunes Store in North America. Due to Kid Rock's decision to withhold his music from the iTunes market, sales from the karaoke version eventually caused it to overtake Kid Rock's original on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, peaking at number 19. This version also peaked at number 28 on the Canadian Hot 100 due to digital downloads. As Rock's version remained in the top 30 based on radio airplay alone, Hit Masters jumped into the top 20 due to its sales strength. However, the radio success of "All Summer Long" propelled Rock N Roll Jesus back up to number two on the Billboard 200, nearly a year after its release. In 2012, a pre-release cover version of Carly Rae Jepsen's "Call Me Maybe" charted at No. 72 on the UK Singles Chart.

text:
# Hit Masters

**Hit Masters** is a karaoke company.

In 2008, they released a version of the Kid Rock song "All Summer Long" to the iTunes Store in North America. Due to Kid Rock's decision to withhold his music from the iTunes market, sales from the karaoke version eventually caused it to overtake Kid Rock's original on the *Billboard* Hot 100 in the United States, peaking at number 19. This version also peaked at number 28 on the Canadian Hot 100 due to digital downloads. As Rock's version remained in the top 30 based on radio airplay alone, Hit Masters jumped into the top 20 due to its sales strength. However, the radio success of "All Summer Long" propelled *Rock N Roll Jesus* back up to number two on the *Billboard* 200, nearly a year after its release.

In 2012, a pre-release cover version of Carly Rae Jepsen's "Call Me Maybe" charted at No. 72 on the UK Singles Chart.

## Discography

| Song | Original artist | Chart position | | | Year |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | CAN | UK | US | |
| "All Summer Long" | Kid Rock | 28 | - | 19 | 2008 |
| "Call Me Maybe" | Carly Rae Jepsen | - | 72 | - | 2012 |

## InfoBox

| Hit Masters | |
| --- | --- |
| Genres | Pop |
| Years active | 2008-2012 |
| Labels | Hit Masters |


title: Hit Man Dreams

abstract: Hit Man Dreams is the second full-length album by No Knife, and the first album after Ryan Ferguson joined the band. It was recorded in 1997 and released on Time Bomb Records.

text:
# Hit Man Dreams

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***Hit Man Dreams*** is the second full-length album by No Knife, and the first album after Ryan Ferguson joined the band. It was recorded in 1997 and released on Time Bomb Records.

## Track listing

1. Your Albatross - 4:13
2. Charades - 3:50
3. Hit Man Dreams - 5:17
4. Jackboots - 3:34
5. Testing the Model - 2:03
6. Median - 2:45
7. Rebuilding Jericho - 4:09
8. Bad Landing - 6:44
9. Roped In – Lock On - 3:31
10. Lex Hit Reset - 4:06
11. Sweep Away My Shadow - 3:59

## InfoBox

| Hit Man Dreams | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by No Knife | |
| Released | July 15, 1997 |
| Recorded | February 1997 |
| Genre | Indie rock |
| Length | 44:12 |
| Label | Time Bomb |
| No Knife chronology | |
| *Drunk on the Moon*
(1996) ***Hit Man Dreams***
(1997) *Fire in the City of Automatons*
(1999) | |


title: Albanian Hydrographic Service

abstract: The Albanian Hydrographic Service is a state-owned scientific and technical institution of the Naval Forces of the Republic of Albania which directs, organizes and processes the publication of naval, yearbook, navigational and lantern maps. The service conducts hydrographic and hydrological studies of the recent sea relief and the placement of sea lanterns and marine cables. It publishes and supplies the necessary naval documentation to all Albanian vessels, such as warships, transport ships, fishing and tourism boats.

text:
# Albanian Hydrographic Service

The **Albanian Hydrographic Service** (Albanian: *Shërbimi Hidrografik Shqiptar – SHHSH*) is a state-owned scientific and technical institution of the Naval Forces of the Republic of Albania which directs, organizes and processes the publication of naval, yearbook, navigational and lantern maps.

The service conducts hydrographic and hydrological studies of the recent sea relief and the placement of sea lanterns and marine cables. It publishes and supplies the necessary naval documentation to all Albanian vessels, such as warships, transport ships, fishing and tourism boats.

## Overview

With the formation of the Naval Combat Fleet (FLD) on 15.8.1945, the navigation security section was also created, which at first dealt with the readiness of naval beacons and the provision of instructions for navigation at sea. The growth of FLD expanded with the Commercial and Fishing Fleet, completed with staff and equipped with the necessary tools, which on 25.9.1957 established the Hydrographic Service of the FLD. The Service follows maritime changes along the coast, compiles nautical charts, maintains and places nautical beacons and other nautical signs on land and at sea, administers and equips ships with nautical charts and navigation guides, etc. It maintains 74 lighthouses, of which 47 are on land and 27 at sea.

In 2015, SHHSH began collaboration with the Norwegian Hydrographic Service (ALNO-HIP) in a project that focused on performing bathymetric surveys, data processing, management and production of electronic marine charts.

The Albanian Hydrographic Service became the 98th member of the International Hydrographic Organization on 17 May 2022.

## InfoBox

Albanian Hydrographic Service
| Shërbimi Hidrografik Shqiptar | |
| --- | --- |
| Official logo | |
| Government agency overview | |
| Formed | 25 September 1957 (1957-09-25) |
| Jurisdiction | Council of Ministers |
| Headquarters | Durrës, Albania |
| Employees | 31 |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Government agency executive |  |


title: Nigoh Khas

abstract: Nigoh Khas is a village falls in Thesil Chhibramau under district Kannauj district in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The village is lying along the National Highway No. 91 on Delhi (Dadri) – Kanpur route. The nearest airport is at Lucknow (151 km) and Gursahaiganj (25 km) Railway Station is the nearest railway station.

text:
# Nigoh Khas

**Nigoh Khas** is a village falls in Thesil Chhibramau under district Kannauj district in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The village is lying along the National Highway No. 91 (G.T. Road) on Delhi (Dadri) – Kanpur route. The nearest airport is at Lucknow (151 km) and Gursahaiganj (25 km) Railway Station is the nearest railway station.

## Demographics

Hindi is the local language.

## Transport

* By Rail

The nearest railway stations are at Farrukhabad and Gursahiganj, respectively 31 km and 25 km distant.

* By Bus

Chhibramau is nearest Bus Depot and Bus station, which is 3 km from Nigoh Khas. Rickshaws and autos are available from Chhibrmau.

## Education

There is a primary school in the village. Thereafter, pupils have to travel to Chhibramau.

## Distance of other major cities and towns

West North East South

## Nearby villages

## InfoBox

| Nigoh Khas | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| Nickname: Nigoh | |
| Nigoh KhasLocation in Uttar Pradesh, IndiaNigoh KhasNigoh Khas (India) | |
| Coordinates: 27°09′N 79°30′E / 27.15°N 79.50°E / 27.15; 79.50 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| District | Kannauj |
| Government | |
| Body | Gram panchayat |
| Member of Parliament | Shri. Subrat Pathak |
| Elevation | 152 m (499 ft) |
| Population (2001) | |
| Total | 1,500 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 209721 |
| Vehicle registration | UP74 |
| District Magistrate | Govind Raju NS |


title: Hitas

abstract: Hitas is a system for regulating the price and quality of apartments in Helsinki, Finland. The system is intended to provide affordable owned apartments to Helsinkians. Apartments within the Hitas system are set a maximum selling price already when the lot is signed over for construction, and this maximum selling price may not be exceeded even when selling the apartment afterwards. The system includes approximately 18 000 apartments, all of them in Helsinki. Hitas regulated apartments are generally a little less expensive than those on the free market, depending on the location and date of building. All Hitas apartments are situated on lots rented from the city.

text:
# Hitas

**Hitas** is a system for regulating the price and quality of apartments in Helsinki, Finland. The system is intended to provide affordable owned apartments to Helsinkians. Apartments within the Hitas system are set a maximum selling price already when the lot is signed over for construction, and this maximum selling price may not be exceeded even when selling the apartment afterwards. The system includes approximately 18 000 apartments, all of them in Helsinki.

Hitas regulated apartments are generally a little less expensive than those on the free market, depending on the location and date of building. All Hitas apartments are situated on lots rented from the city.

## Formation of the maximum selling price

The current market index was taken into use on 1 March 2004. Before this, the Hitas maximum price was calculated by a specific Hitas price index. However, the index change had a negative effect on the price of apartments built from 1988 to 1990, and so a complaint was made about this to the city council and the legal warden of the Parliament of Finland. The city council decided on 29 March 2005 to extend the use of the old Hitas index parallel to the market index longer than originally planned, and make changes to the calculations according to voiced complaints.

Exceeding the maximum selling price can result in compulsory purchase of the apartment, to the loss of the buyer. Such action is taken a couple of times per year. The owner of a Hitas apartment is entitled to sell furniture at a decent price, but the price of the furniture may not exceed its real value. Also renovations and improvements to the apartment, such as a glassed terrace, might increase the Hitas price. The owner must provide a written record of the improvements.

Repairs to the apartment can also increase the Hitas price. According to the new price index, the value of the repairs must be at least 100  per square metre for them to have an effect on the price. Any possible corporate loan left over is deducted from the maximum selling price, if it has not been paid yet for the apartment.

The seller of the apartment must provide a premade and confirmed calculation of the Hitas maximum selling price to the buyer on demand.

## Queueing for Hitas apartments

The selling of the Hitas apartments has been criticised as old-fashioned. In April 2010, the city of Helsinki sold one hundred new apartments in three corporations in Hermanni for about €3000 per square metre€, 400 below the average price of old apartments in the neighbourhood. The apartments were only available for sale in the housing cooperative premises in Pasila, in a queueing order of buyers having come to the premises. Some people even spent several days in front of the premises queuing for new apartments.

This was the last new Hitas building where buyers queued in front of the premises in Pasila. Further apartments were dealt by random.

## Criticism

Professor Ari Hyytinen says the Hitas system favours those who have the time and possibility to queue outside, and as such is unfavourable towards families with children, single parents, people with long-time illnesses, and the elderly. He also claims that artificially low prices attract over-demand, along with its problems.

According to professor Niko Määttänen the Hitas system makes no sense, because of the following reasons:

### The apartments are targeted inefficiently

A greater problem than the queuing is that the system causes apartments to be targeted poorly to different kinds of people. Because of the low prices, the apartments end up in the hands of those who happen to buy them, not those who might have use for them. As well as this, it is inefficient for the people to move out of their cheap apartments even when their housing needs change.

### Other apartments become more expensive

Because of the inefficient targeting of the apartments, the shortage of apartments worsens, and the prices of non-Hitas apartments rise.

### The system is expensive

The city loses money renting out or selling lots below the market price. This support is targeted to middle-class individuals instead of equally among citizens, which Määttänen claims is unfair.

According to Määttänen, the effect on segregation is weakened by people renting out Hitas apartments to well-off tenants.

1. KOTUS: Lyhenneluettelo Archived 2013-10-12 at the Wayback Machine. The Finnish institute for local languages, 7 January 2013. Accessed on 23 February 2013.
2. "Jonossa tienaa tonnin tunnissa", Helsingin Sanomat 11 April 2010, p. A14.
3. Ostajat jonottavat jo asuntoja, Taloussanomat 9 April 2010.
4. Onko Hitas-järjestelmässä mitään järkeä?, professor Niku Määttänen 16 April 2010 & professor Ari Hyytinen 17 April 2010, Akateemi talousblogi.


title: Niederlenz

abstract: Niederlenz is a municipality in the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

text:
# Niederlenz

**Niederlenz** is a municipality in the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

## History

The center of the village comes from a middle Bronze Age settlement and a later Roman era farm. However, the modern village of Niederlenz is first mentioned in 924 as *de Lencis*. In 1261-64 it was mentioned as *Nider-Lenz*. The high justice rights were held by Schloss Lenzburg until 1433 when those rights, along with the rights to low justice, were purchased by Bern. Later, the low justice rights reverted to the four villages of Niederlenz, Hunzenschwil, Rupperswil and Staufen. In 1480 village was incorporated with a local government. The village mill was built before 1461 and was pawned by Hans Heinrich of Rinach and then sold in 1486 to Hans von Hallwyl. It was in the possession of the Kull family for generations.

It was originally part of the Staufberg parish. The village got its own church in 1949 and in 1990 became its own parish.

## Geography

Niederlenz has an area, as of 2009, of 3.3 square kilometers (1.3 sq mi). Of this area, 0.97 km2 (0.37 sq mi) or 29.4% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.85 km2 (0.33 sq mi) or 25.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.43 km2 (0.55 sq mi) or 43.3% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km2 (4.9 acres) or 0.6% is either rivers or lakes and 0.01 km2 (2.5 acres) or 0.3% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 5.5% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 22.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 9.4%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 3.0% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.7%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 23.9% is used for growing crops and 4.8% is pastures. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.

The municipality is located in the Lenzburg district, along the Aabach stream and on the neighboring terrace. It consists of the linear village of Niederlenz.

## Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is *Or a Linden Leaf Vert and Coupeaux of the same.*

## Demographics

Niederlenz has a population (as of December 2020) of 4,841. As of June 2009, 26.9% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 6.9%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (82.8%), with Italian being second most common ( 4.8%) and Serbo-Croatian being third ( 3.5%).

The age distribution, as of 2008, in Niederlenz is; 445 children or 11.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 529 teenagers or 13.1% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 554 people or 13.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 531 people or 13.1% are between 30 and 39, 664 people or 16.4% are between 40 and 49, and 555 people or 13.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 380 people or 9.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 258 people or 6.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 102 people or 2.5% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 21 people or 0.5% who are 90 and older.

As of 2000 the average number of residents per living room was 0.57 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m2 (43 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 49.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage or a rent-to-own agreement).

As of 2000, there were 126 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 889 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 523 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. As of 2000, there were 1,621 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. In 2008 there were 740 single family homes (or 42.4% of the total) out of a total of 1,746 homes and apartments. There were a total of 21 empty apartments for a 1.2% vacancy rate. As of 2007, the construction rate of new housing units was 0.7 new units per 1000 residents.

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 39.2% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (20.4%), the FDP (12.1%) and the CVP (8.4%).

The historical population is given in the following table:

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1764 | 293 |  |
| 1850 | 779 | +165.9% |
| 1900 | 995 | +27.7% |
| 1950 | 1,987 | +99.7% |
| 2000 | 3,846 | +93.6% |

## Heritage sites of national significance

The former tithe barn of Schloss Lenzburg at Dorfrain 9 is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

## Economy

As of  2007, Niederlenz had an unemployment rate of 2.68%. As of 2005, there were 28 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector. 423 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 35 businesses in this sector. 591 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 109 businesses in this sector.

In 2000 there were 2,009 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,626 or about 80.9% of the residents worked outside Niederlenz while 730 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,113 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 17.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 53.9% used a private car.

## Religion

From the 2000 census, 1,201 or 31.2% were Roman Catholic, while 1,801 or 46.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 individuals (or about 0.05% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic faith.

## Education

In Niederlenz about 70.7% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a *Fachhochschule*). Of the school age population (in the 2008/2009 school year), there are 300 students attending primary school, there are 129 students attending secondary school in the municipality. Niederlenz is home to the *Schul-Gemeinde Bibliothek Niederlenz* (School and Municipal library). The library has (as of 2008) 11,566 books or other media, and loaned out 31,693 items in the same year. It was open a total of 208 days with average of 11 hours per week during that year.

## InfoBox

| Niederlenz | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Niederlenz | |
| NiederlenzNiederlenz | |
| Coordinates: 47°24′N 8°11′E / 47.400°N 8.183°E / 47.400; 8.183 | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Aargau |
| District | Lenzburg |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.26 km2 (1.26 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 377 m (1,237 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2018) | |
| Total | 4,776 |
| Density | 1,500/km2 (3,800/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 5702 |
| SFOS number | 4204 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-AG |
| Surrounded by | Lenzburg, Möriken-Wildegg, Rupperswil |
| Website | www.niederlenz.ch
SFSO statistics |


title: Niederraunau

abstract: Niederraunau is a quarter of the town Krumbach in Günzburg (district), Swabia, Bavaria, Germany.

text:
# Niederraunau

**Niederraunau** is a quarter of the town Krumbach in Günzburg (district), Swabia, Bavaria, Germany.

## Geography

Niederraunau (Elevation 518 m) is in the valley of the little river Kammel two kilometres south of Krumbach in the natural region Lower Iller-Lech Gravel Plateau. The hills between the valleys of Kammel and the neighboring valleys of Günz and Mindel are covered with forest. Niederraunau has a station at the Mittelschwaben Railway and it is at the Bundesstraße 16.

## History

* Between 1100 and 1200: Niederraunau was founded
* Between 1494 and 1495: the village got the right to hold a market
* 1613: the village was given a coat of arms
* After World War II: Niederraunau was the site of a post World War II American sector displaced person camp.
* 1978: Niederraunau became a quarter of the town Krumbach; before this time the village was its own municipality.

## Sights and attractions

Sights and attractions found in Niederraunau include:

## Companies and organizations

Companies and organizations based in Niederraunau include:

* FAIST Anlagenbau GmbH, a manufacturer of noise control facilities and aero-acoustic wind tunnel treatments
* Scheppach, a manufacturer of building machinery

1. Kaczmar, Olga. "German DP camps N". Retrieved 2009-08-20.

48°13′26″N 10°22′45″E / 48.22389°N 10.37917°E / 48.22389; 10.37917