title: Jan Karafiát (gymnast)

abstract: Jan Karafiát was a Czechoslovakian gymnast. A member of the 1924 Czechoslovakian Olympic team, Karafiát's most significant competitive achievements took place at the 1926 World Championships. There, he helped his Czechoslovakian team to gold in the team competition. He also won gold in the pommel horse, and came in fourth in the individual overall competition, which Peter Sumi won. In the pommel horse, Czechoslovakia won all three medals, with Jan Gajdoš winning silver, and Ladislav Vácha winning bronze.

text:
# Jan Karafiát (gymnast)

**Jan Karafiát** was a Czechoslovakian gymnast.

A member of the 1924 Czechoslovakian Olympic team, Karafiát's most significant competitive achievements took place at the 1926 World Championships. There, he helped his Czechoslovakian team to gold in the team competition. He also won gold in the pommel horse, and came in fourth in the individual overall competition, which Peter Sumi won. In the pommel horse, Czechoslovakia won all three medals, with Jan Gajdoš winning silver, and Ladislav Vácha winning bronze.

## InfoBox

| Jan\_Karafiát | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Personal information | |
| Country represented | Czechoslovakia |
| Born | unknown
unknown |
| Died | unknown
unknown |
| Discipline | Men's artistic gymnastics |
| Medal record      Representing  Czechoslovakia  World Championships  1926 Lyon Team  1926 Lyon Pommel Horse | |


title: Needs Assessment Unit

abstract:
The Needs Assessment Unit is an agency of the Government of the Cayman Islands. It was established by the Poor Persons (Relief) Law in January 1964 for the relief of poverty. The law was revised in 1997. Assistance can be provided with:
  - Rental assistance: Temporary financial assistance for monthly rental payments.
  - Food Voucher Program: Temporary provision of gift cards or certificates for the purchase of groceries.
  - School uniforms for qualifying public school students.
  - School lunches for qualifying public school students for a determined period of time.
  - Payment of preschool fees.
  - Temporary assistance with payment of utility bills.
  - Medical Travel Expenses Stipend:
  - Indigent Insurance Coverage: temporary or indefinite medical coverage from CINICO.
  - Burial Assistance towards a funeral package and/or vault.
  - Monthly Poor Relief Assistance: Qualifying candidates will be provided with temporary or indefinite relief. The organisation was criticised by the Auditor General of the Cayman Islands in May 2015 for lack of strategy and management. There is inadequate legislative authority for most of the programmes.

text:
# Needs Assessment Unit

The **Needs Assessment Unit** is an agency of the Government of the Cayman Islands. It was established by the Poor Persons (Relief) Law in January 1964 for the relief of poverty. The law was revised in 1997.

Assistance can be provided with:

* Rental assistance: Temporary financial assistance for monthly rental payments. (393 families received assistance to 30 June 2014)
* Food Voucher Program: Temporary provision of gift cards or certificates for the purchase of groceries. (1,117 persons/families assisted to 30 June 2014)
* School uniforms for qualifying public school students. (249 children received uniforms to 30 June 2014)
* School lunches for qualifying public school students for a determined period of time.
* Payment of preschool fees.
* Temporary assistance with payment of utility bills. (over 500 persons/families received assistance to 30 June 2014)
* Medical Travel Expenses Stipend:
* Indigent Insurance Coverage: temporary or indefinite medical coverage from CINICO.
* Burial Assistance towards a funeral package and/or vault.
* Monthly Poor Relief Assistance: Qualifying candidates will be provided with temporary or indefinite relief.

The organisation was criticised by the Auditor General of the Cayman Islands in May 2015 for lack of strategy and management. There is inadequate legislative authority for most of the programmes.


title: Thrones, Dominations

abstract: Thrones, Dominations is a Lord Peter Wimsey–Harriet Vane murder mystery novel that Dorothy L. Sayers began writing but abandoned, and which remained at her death as fragments and notes. It was completed by Jill Paton Walsh and published in 1998. The title is a quotation from John Milton's Paradise Lost and refers to two categories of angel in the Christian angelic hierarchy.

text:
# Thrones, Dominations

***Thrones, Dominations*** is a Lord Peter WimseyHarriet Vane murder mystery novel that Dorothy L. Sayers began writing but abandoned, and which remained at her death as fragments and notes. It was completed by Jill Paton Walsh and published in 1998. The title is a quotation from John Milton's *Paradise Lost* and refers to two categories of angel in the Christian angelic hierarchy.

## Background

Sayers had charted the developing relationship between Lord Peter Wimsey and Harriet Vane over four published novels, culminating in *Busman's Honeymoon*, the action of which takes place immediately following the couple's wedding. The characters appeared thereafter only in a few short stories and other published pieces, revealing only glimpses of their married life. According to Sayers' friend and biographer Barbara Reynolds, Sayers had begun work in 1936 on *Thrones, Dominations*, a murder mystery novel in which the Wimsey marriage was to be contrasted with those of two other couples.

She apparently worked on it for some months during 1936, but does not appear to have done so thereafter; it has been suggested that this is due at least in part to the constitutional crisis of that year surrounding Edward VIII and his relationship with Wallis Simpson.

The events of December 1936 onwards overtook the story, with the abdication altering how Sayers' potential audience would interpret a tale of contrasting marriages. In 1938, she declared in a letter that she had come to dislike the book, and had "great difficulty doing anything about it".

Sayers' notes for the work were found among her papers after her death in 1957, and were acquired in 1976 by the Wade Center at Wheaton College, Illinois. They consisted of a number of complete scenes from the beginning of the story and a few diagrams, including a multi-coloured representation of the interactions of the characters. By 1985 there were plans to publish the manuscript as it stood, together with some of the other short Wimsey pieces, both published and unpublished, but these failed due to the death of Sayers' son and heir Anthony Fleming in that year. In 1996 the literary trustees of the estate approached novelist Jill Paton Walsh and asked her to look at the material with a view to completing the novel. She was also able to refer to a typescript which had been found in a safe at Sayers' former literary agents and which differed in some respects from the manuscript version.

The scenes were not ordered or numbered, and had to be arranged in logical order by Paton Walsh to constitute the first six chapters of the book. The remainder of the story had to be constructed from almost no data, based on what had already been written, but Paton Walsh has said that Sayers' notes make it clear who the murderer would be. The book was published in February 1998. Jill Paton Walsh followed it in 2002 with another Wimsey/Vane novel, *A Presumption of Death*, set during World War II and based on some short wartime writings of Sayers known as "The Wimsey Papers".

## Plot summary

In 1936, Lord and Lady Peter Wimsey, returning from a European honeymoon, are settling into their new home in London, where daily life is affected by the illness and then death of the king. The couple are personally happy, having resolved many of the problems in their relationship caused by character and circumstance, but must now tackle the practical details of bringing their lives together, including domestic and working arrangements, and social and family obligations.

The couple become slightly acquainted with Laurence Harwell, a wealthy theatrical "angel", and his beautiful wife, whom he has rescued from poverty following her rich father's disgrace and imprisonment. After two years' marriage the Harwells are famously still devoted to one another, and when she is found dead at their weekend cottage in the country Wimsey is asked to help interview the distraught husband, and becomes involved with the investigation. (He is also asked to undertake sensitive diplomatic duties connected with the problematic behaviour of the new king, and as the 1936 abdication crisis looms, he gloomily predicts the coming war with Hitler's Germany.)

Suspicion falls on a writer known to have been in love with Mrs Harwell, and a talented but bohemian painter who had been working on portraits of both Harriet and the murdered woman. Two men who knew Mrs Harwell's father in prison, and who have been blackmailing him with threats to harm her, are also suspected.

Meanwhile, Harriet straightens out her domestic situation, learning how to fulfill her new role whilst keeping her own identity, and finds a practical solution to allow Wimsey's devoted manservant Bunter to marry without having to leave the household. Harriet's unorthodox approach infuriates her sister-in-law (who believes Harriet has an obligation to abandon her career, do her duty to the family and produce an heir) but it allows her to solve most of the practical difficulties that might have stood in the way of a successful and happy marriage. She also discovers she is expecting a baby.

After some plot twists, a second murder and a scene involving the hidden rivers and Victorian sewers that run under London, it is revealed that Harwell unintentionally killed his wife in a jealous rage, in the belief she was preparing to entertain a lover, although ironically her preparations had really been for him. Harwell might have gotten off with a manslaughter conviction, except that he later committed the premeditated murder of an actress who was in a position to disprove his alibi and tried to blackmail him. Harriet visits Harwell in prison to comfort him with the knowledge that his wife had not, after all, been unfaithful. In doing so, she finally banishes the lingering ghosts of her own imprisonment and murder trial, and the effect they have had on her relationship with her own husband.

## Characters

* Lord Peter Wimsey – Aristocratic amateur detective in his mid-forties. The younger son of a duke, his wealth comes largely from property which he manages with intelligence and responsibility.
* Lady Peter Wimsey (née Harriet Vane) – Successful detective novelist in her early thirties, newly married to Lord Peter after a stormy courtship. Was saved from the gallows by her husband when accused of the murder of a former lover.
* Laurence Harwell – Independently wealthy investor in plays. Married for approximately two years, indulgent of his wife and deeply in love.
* Rosamund Harwell – Daughter of a wealthy man, reduced to humiliating poverty and employment as a mannequin after her father's imprisonment for fraud. Rescued by her marriage to Harwell two years previously – deeply in love, but given to friendly relations with other men and bored because she has little to occupy her days. Strikingly beautiful.
* Mr Warren – Rosamund Harwell's father, once wealthy but now dependent on his daughter and son-in-law after becoming involved in fraudulent transactions and ending up penniless and in prison. Damaged by his experiences, proud of his daughter and grateful to Harwell.
* Claude Amery – Talented writer and promising playwright. Passionately in love with Rosamund Harwell, and very jealous of her husband, who offered to stage his first play.
* Gaston Chaparelle – Society portrait painter. Talented artist but an amoral man in the habit of seducing his female sitters.
* Mervyn Bunter – Wimsey's manservant for over 16 years. Devoted and loyal, but in love and wishing to marry.
* Hope Fanshaw – Portrait photographer with her own business. Object of Bunter's affections.
* Gloria Tallant (née Phoebe Sugden) – Young actress of small talent but great ambition. Acquainted with Harwell, and her family home is close to the Harwells' country cottage.
* Duke and Duchess of Denver – Wimsey's older brother Gerald and sister-in-law Helen. She has traditional views on class and rank and disapproves of the Wimsey marriage, particularly Harriet's attitude to work and children. He is dutiful but unimaginative and in awe of his clever brother, but inclined to like Harriet. Both increasingly worried by their only son and heir Jerry (styled as Lord St. George), who is charming but spoiled and unreliable, and hope the Wimseys will produce children to ensure the succession of the family lands and estates beyond doubt.
* Honoria, Dowager Duchess of Denver – Wimsey's witty mother who is very pleased with his choice of wife and becomes a friend of Harriet's; some parts of the novel are presented in the form of humorous letters and diary entries of hers
* Chief Inspector Charles Parker – Police officer in charge of the Harwell murder case. Wimsey's brother-in-law and close friend.

## Reception

The book attracted considerable media interest, and met with mixed reviews from a variety of high-profile critics. Novelist Ruth Rendell, writing in the *Sunday Times*, declared it "...impossible to tell where Dorothy L. Sayers ends and Jill Paton Walsh begins".

A. N. Wilson agreed that the joins in the material appeared "seamless" to the amateur reader, but found the plot in the main "rather feeble"; he noted Paton Walsh's attempt to parody Sayers' style, "...the really corking snobbery, the sub-Wodehousian banter, and the conceited swapping of obvious quotations", but judged it a failure.

Joyce Carol Oates in the *New York Times* called the book "engrossing, intelligent and provocative", praised the power of its descriptive passages, and found its darker tone more in keeping with the later Wimsey novels than with the "zest and flashy originality" of the earlier ones.

Reviewer Barbara Fowler noted that

> "The original Wimsey books were contemporary novels, reflecting social and political situations and outlooks at the time of writing. The present book, except for its beginning, is a historical novel – specifically, a historical detective book – carefully reconstructing a historical past time with a lot of hindsight. ... King Edward VIII is seen here from a clearly post-WWII perspective, with a reference made to his meeting Nazi agents and with Wimsey flatly stating that he is not fit to be King. It is extremely unlikely that Sayers, had she completed the book at the time itself, would have written anything of the kind, or that her publishers would have risked scandal by unleashing such a book upon the British public; at the time, it often happened that British papers delicately avoided altogether any mention of the mess in which their King was becoming involved".

## InfoBox

Thrones, Dominations
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Dorothy L. Sayers <br>also Jill Paton Walsh |
| Language | English |
| Series | Lord Peter Wimsey |
| Genre | Mystery novel |
| Publisher | Hodder & Stoughton |
| Publication date | 1998 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print (hardback & paperback) |
| Pages | 312 pp |
| ISBN | 0-340-68455-0 |
| OCLC | 247103826 |
| Preceded by | *Busman's Honeymoon* |
| Followed by | *A Presumption of Death* |


title: Always Now

abstract: Always Now is the debut studio album by Section 25. It was released in September 1981 through iconic Manchester record label Factory with the catalogue number FACT 45. The album was produced by Martin Hannett, best known for producing both of Joy Division's studio albums. Joy Division front man Ian Curtis has been credited as co-producing the record in parts before his death in May 1980. Recording took place in February 1981 at Britannia Row Studios in Islington, London, owned by Pink Floyd. A version of Dirty Disco with French lyrics was released as a single on Factory Benelux. The short, improvised instrumental C.P. was a musical collaboration between the band and Hannett. Two tracks recorded and finished at Britannia Row, were not included on the original vinyl album. English dance rock band Friendly Fires later took their name from the opening track. While recording the album, Section 25 supported New Order at London nightclub Heaven on 9 February 1981. Hannett mixed the live sound for both bands, using quadraphonic equipment rented from Britannia Row. The album was reissued on CD in 1991 through LTM Recordings with several bonus tracks. An expanded double CD edition on Factory Benelux in 2015 re-mastered from the original analogue tapes, and added a bonus disc featuring their 1981 John Peel radio session as well as a complete live concert from 1980. The packaging replicated the original wraparound cover designed by Saville.

text:
# Always Now

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| BBC | mixed |

***Always Now*** is the debut studio album by Section 25. It was released in September 1981 through iconic Manchester record label Factory with the catalogue number FACT 45. The album was produced by Martin Hannett, best known for producing both of Joy Division's studio albums. Joy Division front man Ian Curtis has been credited as co-producing the record in parts before his death in May 1980. Recording took place in February 1981 at Britannia Row Studios in Islington, London, owned by Pink Floyd.

A version of Dirty Disco with French lyrics was released as a single on Factory Benelux. The short, improvised instrumental C.P. was a musical collaboration (‘collective project’) between the band and Hannett. Two tracks recorded and finished at Britannia Row (Human Puppets and One True Path), were not included on the original vinyl album. English dance rock band Friendly Fires later took their name from the opening track.

While recording the album, Section 25 supported New Order at London nightclub Heaven on 9 February 1981. Hannett mixed the live sound for both bands, using quadraphonic equipment rented from Britannia Row.

The album was reissued on CD in 1991 through LTM Recordings with several bonus tracks. An expanded double CD edition on Factory Benelux in 2015 re-mastered from the original analogue tapes, and added a bonus disc featuring their 1981 John Peel radio session as well as a complete live concert from 1980. The packaging replicated the original wraparound cover designed by Saville.

## Recording

"We recorded and mixed in ten days," recalled singer and bassist Larry Cassidy. "We went in with about six or seven finished numbers, while others were more improvised. C.P. was made up on the spot. I was playing a cheap bass in an expensive studio." The group were then a trio composed of Larry, younger sibling Vin Cassidy on drums, and guitarist Paul Wiggin. Musically the album combined austere post-punk rhythms with abstract and/or abrasive guitar textures, together with elements of Can, krautrock and psychedelia.

## Packaging

The album was packaged in a lavish sleeve devised by Factory design director Peter Saville (credited as Grafica Industria). "I did get a fascinating brief from Larry," Saville told author James Nice in Factory history *Shadowplayers*. "I seem to remember he wanted something quite European, but psychedelic – and with some Oriental influences. After that, I was on my own."

The exterior sleeve featured black Berthold type on a yellow background, printed on heavy card die-cut to form a *pochette* envelope, and sealed with a small red I Ching sticker. The psychedelic element was concealed within, the lining and separate inner sleeve featuring a rich marbled pattern in dark blue, yellow and red supplied by specialist French paper company Keller-Dorian. Some copies of FACT 45 also included a home-made poster, printed cheaply by the group and featuring lyrics and photos.

## Reception

The first edition of *Always Now* went on to sell 5,000 copies and entered the indie Top Ten, although the cost and complexity of the packaging made it problematic to license abroad.

On release in September 1981 the album was reviewed in scathing terms by *NME*, who drew comparisons with Factory labelmates Joy Division. Dutch magazine *Vinyl* also expressed reservations, observing that early Section 25 "always had something paper-thin about it - a sound, or rather an absence of sound, giving the impression that the slightest breeze would blow it away." However, in 2006  described *Always Now* as "one of the best albums Britain's second city has unleashed", while avant garde magazine *The Wire* also praised "the wind-dried skeins of their blasted guitar harmonics and skimped electronics."

In February 2016 album track "Hit" was sampled by Kanye West on a new song, "FML", featured on his seventh studio album, *The Life of Pablo*.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Section 25

Side A
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Friendly Fires" |  |
| 2. | "Dirty Disco" |  |
| 3. | "C.P." |  |
| 4. | "Loose Talk (Costs Lives)" |  |
| 5. | "Inside Out" |  |
| 6. | "Melt Close" |  |

Side B
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Hit" |  |
| 2. | "Babies in the Bardo" |  |
| 3. | "Be Brave" |  |
| 4. | "New Horizon" |  |

### LTM reissue extra tracks

LTMCD-2308, 1991

* "Haunted" (3:17)
* "Charnel Ground" (3:55)
* "Knew Noise" (4:30)
* "Up to You" (4:00)
* "Girls Don't Count" (4:16)
* "Oyo Achel Ada" (4:21)
* "After Image" (2:50)
* "Red Voice" (1:49)

### Factory Benelux 2015 reissue

**Disc one**

same tracks as LTM reissue

**Disc two**

1. "One True Path" (Peel Session)
2. "Babies in the Bardo" (Peel Session)
3. "Hit" (Peel Session)
4. "Je Veux Ton Amour" (7")
5. "Loose Talk (Costs Lives)" (live)
6. "Human Puppets" (live)
7. "Knew Noise" (live)
8. "Friendly Fires" (live)
9. "Girls Don't Count" (live)
10. "New Horizon" (live)
11. "Haunted" (live)
12. "You're On Your Own" (live)
13. "Floating" (demo)
14. "Friendly Fires" (outtake)
15. "One True Path" (outtake)

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Always Now | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Section 25 | |
| Released | September 1981 |
| Recorded | February 1981 |
| Studio | Britannia Row Studios, London, England |
| Genre | Post-punk |
| Label | Factory |
| Producer |  |
| Section 25 chronology | |
| ***Always Now***
(1981) *The Key of Dreams*
(1982) | |


title: Michael Krassa

abstract: Michael Krassa is the chair of "Human dimensions of Environmental Systems" and a professor in political science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He specializes in the interactions between humans and their environments. His early work was on how one's neighbourhood of residence influenced political views and participation. This work evolved into a larger interest in the way that the social and physical setting in which a person lives affects behaviors and attitudes. In this broader mode of inquiry, his work pioneered the idea that behaviors depend on the social and physical context. His works on neighbourhoods in Illinois, California, Missouri, and modern planned places such as Poundbury, Seaside, Florida (USA), Kentlands, Maryland (USA), and Celebration, Florida (USA) all demonstrate that the physical setting is an important determinant of the kinds of interpersonal connections a person forms, and interpersonal connections are a strong determinant of the way the people form political views. His holistic work on suburban and urban life is not easily classified. He criticizes the New Urbanist planners for narrowness and incomplete planning, but recognizes the strong points such as planning for "community" and "civic engagement." He highlights both the strengths and weaknesses of such communities, commending the efforts at building "public spaces" and the "third place," but notes that, to date, most have failed to build either the racial or income diversity that was planned, and have not succeeded in creating the desired level of local employment within the community. However, he indicates that even the oldest of these are fairly new neighbourhoods, and that only time will tell. He also notes the dangers of successful local communities. Warning about deviation, "groupthink," and self-reinforcing values, he notes that the successful New Urbanist enterprises may be in danger of building communities that embody the worst of the small town instead its best. His work shows that this is avoidable in a number of ways, one of which is building cities that have a large number of diverse, successful neighbourhoods. His research on sustainable suburban development goes far beyond the political, focusing on how even far-flung suburbs might become more self-sufficient even if a majority of residents must commute some distance to work. He posits that commuter trains and trolleys provide benefits similar to remote offices, and how suburbs with retail and employment that draw on local residents are more successful than those lacking in such features. One difficulty, he notes, is that those employed in suburban jobs often commute there from a different suburb, mitigating much of the hypothesised benefit of jobs in the suburb. He indicates that the solution to this is social and political rather than design based. As a political scientist, his work shows that both the participation and voting patterns in suburban neighbourhoods vary markedly with the way that the neighbourhood is integrated with itself, and with the networking patterns of its residents. Neighbourhoods with dense internal social networks are stronger and more able to resist crime, development, pollution, and other "undesirable" features. Neighbourhoods where most residents have few internal connections are loosely organized and threats such as crime will quickly lead to "flight" or departures. The fight or flight response applies to resident decisions about whether to remain or leave a neighbourhood facing change, and Krassa shows that network density and location, as well as neighbourhood type, are important determinants of resident choice. His most influential work is an Op-Ed, "The Bright Side of NIMBY," in which he argues that the "Not In My Back Yard" response by residents is a sign of a level of connections within a neighbourhood that in some ways demonstrates health. Although often NIMBY is seen as something bad, if the residents successfully organize to repel something they see as undesirable, it is a sign that there are interconnections within the neighbourhood that can produce desirable consequences. His other noteworthy finding is that the decline in voter turnout for local and state elections is most dramatic in areas that have the fewest interpersonal ties within the locale. As the proportion of a person's social network lay outside the locale in which one resides declines, the chance that one votes or otherwise participates in local affairs also declines. This is important because political scientists have noted the remarkable decline in voting at all levels but especially the local. Some political scientists have also noted the increasing "nationalization" of all elections—the idea that more and more the same issues are important everywhere. Krassa's findings may help explain this.

text:
# Michael Krassa

**Michael Krassa** is the chair of "Human dimensions of Environmental Systems" and a professor in political science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He specializes in the interactions between humans and their environments. His early work was on how one's neighbourhood of residence influenced political views and participation. This work evolved into a larger interest in the way that the social and physical setting in which a person lives affects behaviors and attitudes. In this broader mode of inquiry, his work pioneered the idea that behaviors depend on the social and physical context. His works on neighbourhoods in Illinois, California, Missouri, and modern planned places such as Poundbury (in the UK), Seaside, Florida (USA), Kentlands, Maryland (USA), and Celebration, Florida (USA) all demonstrate that the physical setting is an important determinant of the kinds of interpersonal connections a person forms, and interpersonal connections are a strong determinant of the way the people form political views.

His holistic work on suburban and urban life is not easily classified. He criticizes the New Urbanist planners for narrowness and incomplete planning, but recognizes the strong points such as planning for "community" and "civic engagement." He highlights both the strengths and weaknesses of such communities, commending the efforts at building "public spaces" and the "third place," but notes that, to date, most have failed to build either the racial or income diversity that was planned, and have not succeeded in creating the desired level of local employment within the community. However, he indicates that even the oldest of these are fairly new neighbourhoods, and that only time will tell.

He also notes the dangers of successful local communities. Warning about deviation, "groupthink," and self-reinforcing values, he notes that the successful New Urbanist enterprises may be in danger of building communities that embody the worst of the small town instead (or in addition to) its best. His work shows that this is avoidable in a number of ways, one of which is building cities that have a large number of diverse, successful neighbourhoods.

His research on sustainable suburban development goes far beyond the political, focusing on how even far-flung suburbs might become more self-sufficient even if a majority of residents must commute some distance to work. He posits that commuter trains and trolleys provide benefits similar to remote offices, and how suburbs with retail and employment that draw on local residents are more successful than those lacking in such features. One difficulty, he notes, is that those employed in suburban jobs often commute there from a different suburb, mitigating much of the hypothesised benefit of jobs in the suburb. He indicates that the solution to this is social and political rather than design based.

As a political scientist, his work shows that both the participation and voting patterns in suburban neighbourhoods vary markedly with the way that the neighbourhood is integrated with itself, and with the networking patterns of its residents. Neighbourhoods with dense internal social networks are stronger and more able to resist crime, development, pollution, and other "undesirable" features. Neighbourhoods where most residents have few internal connections are loosely organized and threats such as crime will quickly lead to "flight" or departures. The fight or flight response applies to resident decisions about whether to remain or leave a neighbourhood facing change, and Krassa shows that network density and location, as well as neighbourhood type, are important determinants of resident choice.

His most influential work is an Op-Ed, "The Bright Side of NIMBY," in which he argues that the "Not In My Back Yard" response by residents is a sign of a level of connections within a neighbourhood that in some ways demonstrates health. Although often NIMBY is seen as something bad, if the residents successfully organize to repel something they see as undesirable, it is a sign that there are interconnections within the neighbourhood that can produce desirable (as well as undesirable) consequences.

His other noteworthy finding is that the decline in voter turnout for local and state elections is most dramatic in areas that have the fewest interpersonal ties within the locale. As the proportion of a person's social network lay outside the locale in which one resides declines, the chance that one votes or otherwise participates in local affairs also declines. This is important because political scientists have noted the remarkable decline in voting at all levels but especially the local. Some political scientists have also noted the increasing "nationalization" of all elections—the idea that more and more the same issues are important everywhere. Krassa's findings may help explain this.

## Bibliography

* Krassa, Michael et al.,*Understanding American Government*. 2004.


title: Hobb Wilson

abstract: Harold Lawrence "Hobb" Wilson was a Canadian ice hockey player. Wilson was a member of the Saskatoon Quakers who represented Canada at the 1934 World Ice Hockey Championships held in Milan, Italy where they won Gold.

text:
# Hobb Wilson

Hobb Wilson
| Medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Men's ice hockey | | |
| Representing  Canada | | |
| World Championships | | |
|  | 1934 Italy |  |

**Harold Lawrence "Hobb" Wilson** (September 5, 1904  October 11, 1977) was a Canadian ice hockey player.

Wilson was a member of the Saskatoon Quakers who represented Canada at the 1934 World Ice Hockey Championships held in Milan, Italy where they won Gold.

## InfoBox

| Harold "Hobb" Wilson | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Born | (1904-09-05)September 5, 1904
Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, USA | | |
| Died | October 11, 1977(1977-10-11) (aged 73)
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada | | |
| Position | Defense | | |
| Played for | Saskatoon Quakers | | |
| National team | Canada | | |
| Playing career | 19211937 | | |


title: NGC 6584

abstract: NGC 6584 is a globular cluster in the constellation Telescopium that lies near Theta Arae and is 45000 light-years distant. It is an Oosterhoff type I cluster, and contains at least 69 variable stars, most of which are RR Lyrae variables: 46 stars were identified as RRab variables; 15 as RRc variables, 1 RRe variable, 4 eclipsing binaries and 3 long period variables. NGC 6584 is about 4 kpc from the Galactic Center and about 2.7 kpc from the Galactic plane. As is typical for metal-poor globular clusters, NGC 6584 has an enhanced concentration of alpha elements relative to iron.

text:
# NGC 6584

**NGC 6584** is a globular cluster in the constellation Telescopium that lies near Theta Arae and is 45000 light-years distant. It is an Oosterhoff type I cluster, and contains at least 69 variable stars, most of which are RR Lyrae variables: 46 stars were identified as RRab variables; 15 as RRc variables, 1 RRe variable, 4 eclipsing binaries and 3 long period variables. NGC 6584 is about 4 kpc from the Galactic Center and about 2.7 kpc from the Galactic plane.

As is typical for metal-poor globular clusters, NGC 6584 has an enhanced concentration of alpha elements relative to iron.

* Media related to NGC 6584 at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| NGC 6584 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
| Class | VIII |
| Constellation | Telescopium |
| Right ascension | 18h 18m 37.60s |
| Declination | –52° 12 56.8 |
| Distance | 45000 |
| Apparent dimensions (V) | 7.9' |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Metallicity | $\begin{smallmatrix}\left\[{\ce {Fe}/{\ce {H}\right\]\end{smallmatrix}}}$ = −1.53±0.08 dex |
| Estimated age | 11.6±1.7 Gyr |
|


title: Hollywood Squares (video game)

abstract: Hollywood Squares is a quiz game based on the television game show Hollywood Squares. Versions were released for the Nintendo Entertainment System, MS-DOS, Commodore 64, and Apple II. The game is based on the 1986-1989 version hosted by John Davidson. The photo of the set is from the 1985 series pilot.

text:
# Hollywood Squares (video game)

***Hollywood Squares*** is a quiz game based on the television game show Hollywood Squares. Versions were released for the Nintendo Entertainment System, MS-DOS, Commodore 64, and Apple II. The game is based on the 1986-1989 version hosted by John Davidson. The photo of the set is from the 1985 series pilot (the actual show had no gold stars on the studio floor and more elaborate risers for the cars).

## Gameplay

Players have to either agree or disagree with fictitious celebrities to earn squares and make tic-tac-toe. Much like the TV series, winning one of the first two games is worth $500, the third game is worth $1,000 and the second game is always the "Secret Square" game. The winner then goes on to the bonus round, where they have to choose one of five keys and insert it into the proper car among the five offered.

## Reception

David & Robin Minnick reviewed *Double Dare* and *Hollywood Squares* for *Compute!'s Gazette* and said "Any fan of the TV games will enjoy these 64 versions. And even if you're not a fan, we think you'll get a kick out of these games anyway."

Jeff Hurlburt for *RUN Magazine* said "Maybe you won't toss out your trusty *Trivial Pursuit* cards, but they're sure to get a much needed rest. For information, value and just plan fun, it's three in a row for Hollywood Squares."

Leslie Mizell for the *Game Player's Encyclopedia of Nintendo Games* said "*Hollywood Squares* doesn't have the necessary substance to be a videogame that remains enjoyable with repeated playing."

## Later releases

In 2010, Ludia released a game based on the 2002-2004 era of the show. The game features the voice of host Tom Bergeron and video clips of celebrities Brad Garrett, Kathy Griffin, Jeffrey Tambor, and Martin Mull as the center square. The game was first released for the PC and Wii, followed by releases for iOS devices. In 2011, a port was released onto PlayStation Network. All versions have multiplayer options, except for the PC version. Much like the 2003-2004 season, each of the three games are worth $1,000.the second game is always the "secret square" round for a bonus $1,000. The winner from the best two out of three games goes to the bonus round where Tom will ask each celebrity a question while the player has to correctly either agree or disagree with their answer in order to remove one of the wrong keys from the pool of nine (the actual bonus round had a contestant choose a celebrity by correctly either agreeing or disagreeing statements about that particular celebrity). Then the player has to pick a key that would open the chest in order to win $20,000 plus a new wardrobe item for their avatar.

## InfoBox

| Hollywood Squares | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Rare |
| Publisher(s) | GameTek |
| Platform(s) | Apple II, MS-DOS, Commodore 64, NES |
| Release | **NES** * NA: September 1989 **MS- DOS**  **Commodore 64** |
| Genre(s) | Quiz |
| Mode(s) | Single-player, 2 player competitive |


title: Needville, Texas

abstract: Needville is a city in Fort Bend County, Texas, United States. It is within the Houston–Sugar Land metropolitan area. The population was 3,089 at the 2020 census.

text:
# Needville, Texas

**Needville** is a city in Fort Bend County, Texas, United States. It is within the Houston–Sugar Land metropolitan area. The population was 3,089 at the 2020 census.

## History

August Schendel founded the town of Schendelville in 1891 that contained his house, a store and a cotton gin. In 1894, he applied for a post office using the name "Needmore" as a joke, since they always needed more of everything. Due to Needmore, Texas already existing, the post office amended the name to "Needville".

By 1898, Schendel had officially platted a town and begun selling lots. A school had been constructed in 1897. By 1903, Needville had a school for white children with one teacher and 97 pupils, and one school for black children with one teacher and 45 pupils. The Round Hall building had been built about 1910 for dances and other social activities, and remained in this service until the 1950s.

Needville had three general stores, two cotton gins, a movie theater, and a population of 100 in 1914. Telephone service arrived in 1916. In 1918, the Needville State Bank opened and the Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway built a line through the town. In 1920, Needville reported having a population of 500. It also reported having 12 general stores, four churches, four gins, and an electric power generation plant.

From 1927 through 1931, the Fort Bend county fair was held in Needville. It was then discontinued because of the Great Depression, which caused the fair to run heavily into debt. Natural gas was piped into town in 1929. FM 36 was completed in 1932, allowing all-weather access to Needville. Thereafter, a local school bus transported high school students to schools in Richmond and Rosenberg. Needville formed its own Independent School District (I.S.D.) in 1946 and opened its own high school in 1948. Needville I.S.D. opened a new elementary school in 1960. Integration of black and white schools was completed in 1966.

## Geography

Needville is located in southern Fort Bend County at 29°23′54″N 95°50′24″W / 29.398232°N 95.839880°W / 29.398232; -95.839880 (29.398232, –95.839880). Texas State Highway 36 passes through the city, leading north 11 miles (18 km) to Rosenberg and southeast 21 miles (34 km) to West Columbia. Downtown Houston is 41 miles (66 km) to the northeast. Farm to Market Road 360 starts at SH 36 and heads northwest to Beasley, while Farm to Market Road 1236 goes southwest, then southeastward. Needville-Fairchilds Road connects with the community of Fairchilds to the northeast.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Needville has a total area of 1.72 square miles (4.46 km2), all land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1950 | 609 |  |  |
| 1960 | 861 |  | 41.4% |
| 1970 | 1,024 |  | 18.9% |
| 1980 | 1,417 |  | 38.4% |
| 1990 | 2,199 |  | 55.2% |
| 2000 | 2,609 |  | 18.6% |
| 2010 | 2,823 |  | 8.2% |
| 2020 | 3,089 |  | 9.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

**Needville racial composition as of 2020**
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- |
| White (NH) | 1,797 | 58.17% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 257 | 8.32% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 7 | 0.23% |
| Asian (NH) | 21 | 0.68% |
| Some Other Race (NH) | 5 | 0.16% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 99 | 3.2% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 903 | 29.23% |
| **Total** | **3,089** |  |

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 3,089 people, 1,245 households, and 929 families residing in the city.

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,609 people, 926 households, and 688 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,532.5 inhabitants per square mile (591.7/km2). There were 979 housing units at an average density of 575.1 per square mile (222.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 74.09% White, 13.19% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 10.23% from other races, and 2.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.96% of the population.

The median income for a household in the city was $41,202, and the median income for a family was $48,824. Males had a median income of $35,200 versus $26,389 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,802. About 8.9% of families and 11.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.8% of those under age 18 and 18.8% of those age 65 or over.

## Government and infrastructure

The United States Postal Service Needville Post Office is located at 3000 School Street.

Fort Bend County does not have a hospital district. OakBend Medical Center serves as the county's charity hospital with which the county contracts.

EMS is provided through Fort Bend County, and has one station that houses Squad 601, located at 3743 School St.

Fire is provided through Needville Fire Department, contracted by Fort Bend ESD #9. Needville Fire Station 1 is located at 3323 Richmond St.

## Events

* The Needville Harvest Festival, founded in 1983, is held every October. The festival is organized by NHF, Inc. to draw visitors to Needville in the hope of stimulating local business, to raise funds for community development, and to fund annual scholarships for local high school students. 2006 performance by Aaron Watson.
* The Needville Citywide Garage Sale is held in March and September each year. There is no website as the participants are homeowners and businesses. Information with a map is normally available at Kinfolks Antiques at (979) 793-7200. Dates can be found on the Chamber of Commerce calendar of events.

## Education

Needville is zoned to schools in the Needville Independent School District. High school students go to Needville High School. Needville's Albert George Branch Library is a part of the Fort Bend County Libraries system.

Some addresses not in Needville with "Needville, TX" addresses are zoned to B.F. Terry High School in Rosenberg, a part of Lamar CISD.

The designated community college for Needville ISD (as well as LCISD) is Wharton County Junior College.

### Public libraries

Albert George Branch Library of Fort Bend County Libraries is in Needville. The library, which opened in November 1974, was named after Fort Bend County philanthropist Albert George. The Needville Chamber of Commerce and the Needville Lion's Club donated the land for the library. Originally the library, with its first portion designed by Wylie W. Vale & Associates, had 4,900 square feet (460 m2) of space. In 1997 the library system used bond funds to expand and renovate the library; the library gained a new entrance, a meeting room, and new toilet facilities. The library now has 6,800 square feet (630 m2) of space.

## Parks and recreation

Fort Bend County operates the Barbara Jordan Park in Needville.

Nearby:

## Business

## Notable people

1. City of Needville official website
2. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
3. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
4. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
5. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Needville city, Texas". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
6. Odintz, Mark. "Needville, TX." Handbook of Texas. Accessed April 18, 2018.
7. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
8. "Needville, Texas" (Map). *Google Maps*. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
9. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
10. "Explore Census Data". *data.census.gov*. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
11. https://www.census.gov/
12. "About the Hispanic Population and its Origin". *www.census.gov*. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
13. "Post Office Location - NEEDVILLE." *United States Postal Service*. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.
14. Knipp, Bethany (November 2, 2016). "Fort Bend County lacks hospital district". *Community Impact Newspaper*. Retrieved October 18, 2021.
15. Texas Education Code Sec. 130.211. WHARTON COUNTY JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.
16. "Albert George Branch Library." Fort Bend County Libraries. Retrieved on May 14, 2010.
17. "Leased Parks Archived 2009-12-21 at the Wayback Machine." Fort Bend County. Retrieved on October 11, 2009.

## InfoBox

| Needville, Texas | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
|  | |
| Motto: "The Home of Friendly People" | |
| Location of Needville, Texas | |
| Coordinates: 29°23′54″N 95°50′24″W / 29.39833°N 95.84000°W / 29.39833; -95.84000 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| County | Fort Bend |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.01 sq mi (5.21 km2) |
| Land | 2.01 sq mi (5.20 km2) |
| Water | 0.01 sq mi (0.01 km2) |
| Elevation | 89 ft (27 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 3,089 |
| Density | 1,545.32/sq mi (596.67/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 77461 |
| Area code | 979 |
| FIPS code | 48-50628 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1342402 |
| Website | cityofneedville.com |


title: Krzepice

abstract: Krzepice pronounced is a Polish town near Częstochowa, in Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in northwestern Lesser Poland. It is near the historic border of Lesser Poland and Silesia, which goes along the Liswarta river. A few kilometers to the northwest, Lesser Poland meets another historic province of the country, Greater Poland. For centuries, until the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the town belonged to Lelów County of the Kraków Voivodeship. Annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia as part of New Silesia in 1807, it was passed to the Duchy of Warsaw, and then Congress Poland. In 1918 it returned to Poland, and was part of Kielce Voivodeship. After World War II, Krzepice remained in Kielce Voivodeship until 1950, when it became part of Katowice Voivodeship.

text:
# Krzepice

**Krzepice** pronounced \[kʂɛˈpʲit͡sɛ\] is a Polish town near Częstochowa, in Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in northwestern Lesser Poland. It is near the historic border of Lesser Poland and Silesia, which goes along the Liswarta river. A few kilometers to the northwest, Lesser Poland meets another historic province of the country, Greater Poland.

For centuries, until the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the town belonged to Lelów County of the Kraków Voivodeship. Annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia as part of New Silesia in 1807, it was passed to the Duchy of Warsaw, and then Congress Poland. In 1918 it returned to Poland, and was part of Kielce Voivodeship. After World War II, Krzepice remained in Kielce Voivodeship until 1950, when it became part of Katowice Voivodeship.

## Etymology

The name Krzepice, mentioned for the first time in 1356 as *Crzepycze*, comes from a last name *Krzepa*; most probably, members of this family lived in the area of the town. In a Latin language medieval document of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław (*Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis*), written in 1295–1305, Krzepice is spelled *Crippicz antiquum*.

## History

In the Middle Ages, Krzepice was a border town, guarding the northwestern corner of Lesser Poland. In the 12th century, a wooden stronghold was built here, then it was replaced by a wooden castle, which in the 14th century was rebuilt into a stone complex. Today, only parts of a moat is all that remains of the castle. In 1357, King Casimir III the Great erected a parish church. Krzepice was most probably incorporated in 1357, but there is speculation that it had taken place in the mid-13th century. In 1370, King Louis I of Poland granted Krzepice as a temporary feudal fee to Duke Władysław Opolczyk. After a few years, the town was directly reintegrated with Poland. It was a royal town of the Polish Crown, administratively located in the Lelów County in the Kraków Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province.

On March 15, 1552, King Sigismund II Augustus specified the boundaries of the town. In its center there was a main market square, with six streets, and with parish church of St. Jacob. Due to convenient location, near the border with Silesia (which at that time was part of Kingdom of Bohemia), Krzepice became a local trade center, with fairs, and three market squares. This corner of the Kingdom of Poland was located away from main military conflicts, and the town prospered, especially in the period known as Polish Golden Age. It changed during the Swedish invasion of Poland (1655–1656), when both Krzepice and the ancient castle were destroyed by the Swedes. Ruins of the castle remained until 1927, when they were finally demolished. The town frequently burned (1450, 1527, 1656, 1867, 1881, 1903, 1904 1906), which was due to its wooden architecture. In 1870, Russian authorities of Congress Poland reduced Krzepice to the status of a village, as a reprisal for its inhabitants' participation in the January Uprising. In 1914, a dairy cooperative was founded in Krzepice. Krzepice regained its town status in 1919, when already it was part of Kielce Voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic.

### World War II

On September 3, 1939, during the German invasion of Poland which started World War II, German troops committed a massacre of 30 Poles in Krzepice (see *Nazi crimes against the Polish nation*); the town was then occupied by Germany until 1945. Krzepice had a sizeable Jewish community, 43% of the town's population, before World War II. In early 1940, the Germans set up an open type ghetto there with about 1,800 inmates, along with Judenrat and the Jewish police. The Jews were forced to perform slave labor until the liquidation of the ghetto in June and July 1942, when most of them were sent by train to Auschwitz extermination camp and murdered. Those who remained were deported to the ghetto in Sosnowiec. Only a handful survived the Holocaust; most subsequently left Poland. The stone-and-brick synagogue in Krzepice, built around 1822, still stands, although unused and in a dilapidated state. The historic Jewish Cemetery is close by.

## Transport

Main highway connections from the Krzepice include those with Wieluń (to the north-west) and Częstochowa (to the south-east) via National road 43. A bypass of the town was opened in 2009. Krzepice is linked by rail to Wieluń and Katowice, with a station, on a line from Herby Nowe to Wieluń, built in 1926.

## Cuisine

The officially protected traditional foods from Krzepice are local butter (*masło krzepickie*) and quark (*twaróg krzepicki*), as designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Year Pop. ±%  1890 4,039       1897 3,220 −20.3%  1910 4,589 +42.5%  1921 4,168 −9.2%  1931 5,881 +41.1% | Year Pop. ±%  1939 6,000 +2.0%  1950 4,065 −32.2%  1960 4,145 +2.0%  2010 4,472 +7.9% |
| --- | --- |
| Source: | |

## Sports

The town is home to a football club, Liswarta Krzepice, established in 1946. It competes in the lower leagues.

## InfoBox

| Krzepice | |
| --- | --- |
| St. Jacob's church | |
|  | |
| Krzepice | |
| Coordinates: 50°58′2″N 18°43′55″E / 50.96722°N 18.73194°E / 50.96722; 18.73194 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Silesian |
| County | Kłobuck |
| Gmina | Krzepice |
| Established | 12th century |
| City rights | 1357 |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Krystian Kotynia |
| Area | |
| Total | 27.71 km2 (10.70 sq mi) |
| Population (2019-06-30) | |
| Total | 4,456 |
| Density | 160/km2 (420/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 42-160 |
| Area code | +48 34 |
| Vehicle registration | SKL |
| Climate | Cfb |
| Website | http://krzepice.pl/ |


title: Hollandaea sayeriana

abstract: Hollandaea sayeriana, sometimes named Sayer's silky oak, is a small species of Australian rainforest trees in the plant family Proteaceae. They are endemic to restricted areas of the rainforests of the Wet Tropics region of northeastern Queensland, in the region of Mounts Bellenden Ker, Bartle Frere and the eastern Atherton Tableland. They grow as understory trees beneath the canopy of lowlands to tablelands rainforests, up to about 800 m (2,600 ft) altitude. As of January 2014 this species has the official, current, Qld government conservation status of "near threatened" species. In 1886–87, German-Australian government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller formally scientifically described this species, named after his associate, botanical collector William A. Sayer.

text:
# Hollandaea sayeriana

***Hollandaea sayeriana***, sometimes named **Sayer's silky oak**, is a small species of Australian rainforest trees in the plant family Proteaceae.

They are endemic to restricted areas of the rainforests of the Wet Tropics region of northeastern Queensland, in the region of Mounts Bellenden Ker, Bartle Frere and the eastern Atherton Tableland. They grow as understory trees beneath the canopy of lowlands to tablelands rainforests, up to about 800 m (2,600 ft) altitude.

As of January 2014 this species has the official, current, Qld government conservation status of "near threatened" species.

In 1886–87, German-Australian government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller formally scientifically described this species, named after his associate, botanical collector William A. Sayer.

## InfoBox

| *Hollandaea sayeriana* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
| Near Threatened (NCA) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | *Hollandaea* |
| Species: | ***H. sayeriana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Hollandaea sayeriana***<br>(F.Muell.) L.S.Sm. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Helicia sayeriana* F.Muell. (base name) * *Hollandaea sayeri* F.Muell. | |


title: Michael Krassner (album)

abstract: Michael Krassner is the eponymously titled debut solo album of composer Michael Krassner, released on May 18, 1999, through Atavistic Records.

text:
# Michael Krassner (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| Pitchfork Media | (5.7/10) |

***Michael Krassner*** is the eponymously titled debut solo album of composer Michael Krassner, released on May 18, 1999, through Atavistic Records.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Wil Hendricks and Michael Krassner

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "This Time" | 5:11 |
| 2. | "Water Lets the Life In" | 2:51 |
| 3. | "You're Such a Fool" | 4:27 |
| 4. | "Glass in Garden" | 2:34 |
| 5. | "Atcnement Song" | 2:44 |
| 6. | "Remedios the Beauty" | 3:16 |
| 7. | "Maybellene" | 4:53 |
| 8. | "Business of Death" | 3:15 |
| 9. | "To Lose Is to Gain" | 4:19 |
| 10. | "Dawn" | 4:33 |

## Personnel

Musicians Production and additional personnel

## InfoBox

| Michael Krassner | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Michael Krassner | |
| Released | May 18, 1999 |
| Recorded | Truckstop Audio Recording Company, Chicago, IL |
| Genre | Folk rock |
| Length | 38:08 |
| Label | Atavistic |
| Producer | Joe Ferguson, Michael Krassner |


title: Guy Landry Hazoumé

abstract: Guy Landry Hazoumé was a Beninese politician and poet. He was the foreign minister of Benin from 1987 to 1989. He was a graduate of the Institut d'Etudes Politiques was appointed director-general of political affairs in 1968. He also served as ambassador to the UN. He died on 22 August 2012.

text:
# Guy Landry Hazoumé

**Guy Landry Hazoumé** (10 June 1940 – 22 August 2012) was a Beninese politician and poet. He was the foreign minister of Benin from 1987 to 1989. He was a graduate of the Institut d'Etudes Politiques was appointed director-general of political affairs in 1968. He also served as ambassador to the UN. He died on 22 August 2012.

* Houngnikpo, Mathurin; Decalo, Samuel (2013). *Historical Dictionary of Benin*. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0810871717.


title: Nina Morić

abstract: Nina Morić is a Croatian-Italian fashion model. She became an Italian citizen after her marriage with celebrity photographer and convicted criminal Fabrizio Corona.

text:
# Nina Morić

**Nina Morić** (born 22 July 1976) is a Croatian-Italian fashion model. She became an Italian citizen after her marriage with celebrity photographer and convicted criminal Fabrizio Corona.

## Biography

Morić was born in Zagreb into an upper-middle class household. After finishing high school she became a law school student, but then chose to become a professional fashion model after winning the 1996 Croatian Elite "Look of the Year" modeling competition, placing third at the world pageant.

In 1995 she was cast in a music video for Croatian musician Tony Cetinski. While working in Los Angeles in 1999, she was cast in Ricky Martin's hit music video "Livin' La Vida Loca". That same year, she released her debut single as a singer, but due to its lack of success, an album was never produced. She was also selected by Jim Carrey as the female lead to a sequel for the 1994 film *The Mask*, but negotiations fell through and Carrey eventually left the project.

She has worked for brands and designers such as Versace, Roberto Cavalli, Trend Les Copains, Valentino, Erreuno, Gai Mattiolo, Rocco Barocco, Fausto Sarli, Gattinoni, Mariella Burani, Angelo Marani, Marina Spadafora, Simonetta Ravizza, Guillermina Baeza and Jesus Del Pozo.

She has since appeared on numerous international covers of men's magazines, such as *Maxim*.

After a stint in the United States, she moved to Italy and became well-known there, continuing her modeling career and working as a television correspondent.

Between 2001 and 2007 Morić was married to Fabrizio Corona, an owner of a photography agency, with whom she had a son, Carlos, born in 2002.

She became an Italian citizen after two years of marriage with Corona.

## Political activity

Morić is known for her political views. In 2017, she expressed interest in the neo-fascist movement CasaPound and in March she decided to become an active militant. In June 2017 Morić took part in a rally against illegal immigration and right of the soil with CasaPound's activists. She denounced the Yugoslav president Josip Broz Tito, whose Yugoslav Partisans committed several crimes against Croats and Italians. In January 2018, the journalist Paolo Del Debbio hosted Moric and offered her a virtual debate against an Italian communist, but Morić responded: *I don't talk with communists: they are criminals!*

In August 2017, Morić voiced her anger because of a picture showing Samuel L. Jackson and Magic Johnson. She mistook them for migrants on extravagant shopping spree with money from the Italian citizens. The picture showed the actor and the retired basketball player on a bench surrounded by luxury shopping bags in Forte dei Marmi in Italy. Later the former Croatian model (now Italian citizen) realized her mistake and insisted that the post was also an experiment as the picture was originally shared by Luca Bottura as part of a social experiment regarding the perception of migrants in Italy.

## InfoBox

| Nina Morić | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1976-07-22) 22 July 1976<br>Zagreb, SR Croatia, SFR Yugoslavia |
| Citizenship | * Croatian * Italian |
| Occupation | Fashion model |
| Spouse | Fabrizio Corona  (m. 20012007) |
| Children | 1 |
| **Modeling information** | |
| Height | 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) |
| Hair color | Brown |
| Eye color | Blue |
|  | |


title: Jan Kapras

abstract: Jan Kapras was a Czechoslovak jurist and politician. After studies in Innsbruck and Prague, he achieved habilitation in Bohemian legal history and was appointed professor at the University of Prague in 1910. He authored many works on Bohemian legal history, and substantially influenced the field with his principal work Právní dějiny zemí Koruny české (1913–20). After 1918, Kapras was mainly active in politics. Representing the National Democratic Party, he was elected senator in 1929 and held that office until 1935. From 1938 to 39, he was minister of education in the last pre-war Czechoslovakian government, and continued in that office in the German occupation government of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia from 1939 to 42. Suspected by the Gestapo, he was eventually dismissed from his office.

text:
# Jan Kapras

**Jan Kapras** (1880 – 1947) was a Czechoslovak jurist and politician.

After studies in Innsbruck and Prague, he achieved habilitation in Bohemian legal history and was appointed professor at the University of Prague in 1910. He authored many works on Bohemian legal history, and substantially influenced the field with his principal work *Právní dějiny zemí Koruny české* (1913–20).

After 1918, Kapras was mainly active in politics. Representing the National Democratic Party, he was elected senator in 1929 and held that office until 1935. From 1938 to 39, he was minister of education in the last pre-war Czechoslovakian government, and continued in that office in the German occupation government of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia from 1939 to 42. Suspected by the Gestapo, he was eventually dismissed from his office.

* Kreuz, Petr (2001). "Kapras, Jan". In Michael Stolleis (ed.). *Juristen: ein biographisches Lexikon; von der Antike bis zum 20. Jahrhundert* (in German) (2nd ed.). München: Beck. p. 349. ISBN 3406-45957-9.

## InfoBox

| Jan Kapras | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Minister of Education and National Enlightenment of Bohemia and Moravia | |
| **In office**
16 March 1939  19 January 1942 | |
| Prime Minister | Rudolf Beran
Alois Eliáš |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Emanuel Moravec |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1880-01-17)17 January 1880
Brno, Austria-Hungary
(now Czech Republic) |
| Died | 13 May 1947(1947-05-13) (aged 67)
Nový Bydžov, Czechoslovakia
(now Czech Republic) |
| Political party | National Democracy
Party of National Unity
National Partnership |
| Alma mater | Charles University in Prague |
| Occupation | politician, lawyer |
|  | |


title: Hennie Bekker (rugby union)

abstract: Hendrik Johannes Bekker (born 12 September 1952 in Nuwerus, Western Cape, South Africa is a former South African rugby union player.

text:
# Hennie Bekker (rugby union)

**Hendrik Johannes Bekker**  (born 12 September 1952 in Nuwerus, Western Cape, South Africa is a former South African rugby union player.

## Early life and career

Bekker was born in the small town of Nuwerus in the North-western region of the Western Cape, but spent most of his school years in Goodwood, Cape Town where he attended JG Meiring High School and represented the school's first team for three years. In 1970 he was selected to represent the Western Province schools team at the annual Craven Week tournament held in Salisbury, Rhodesia (now Harare, Zimbabwe).

## Playing career

### Provincial career

After school, Bekker enrolled at Paarl Teachers Training College and made his provincial debut for Boland on 24 May 1973 against a touring London Counties team. In 1974 Bekker moved to Stellenbosch University to further his studies and joined the university's rugby club, Maties. He made his debut for Western Province on 10 August 1974 against Transvaal and scored his first try for Western Province.

Two years later, in 1977 Bekker received his call up for military service and he had to join the Defence Force in Bloemfontein. During his time in Bloemfontein he played 27 matches for the Free State. Bekker returned to Stellenbosch in 1979 and again joined the Maties. He also returned to the Western Province team and represented the province until his retirement from playing at the end of 1985. During the 1980s Bekker was part of the Western Province team that won the Currie Cup in 1982, 1983, 1984 and 1985. At the time of his retirement, Bekker scored 44 tries for Western Province, which was the Western Province try scoring record.

### International career

Bekker made his test debut for the Springboks during the 1981 tour of New Zealand in the first test on 15 August 1981 at Lancaster Park, Christchurch, New Zealand. He was not selected for the second test but returned to the side for the third test match against New Zealand at Eden Park, Auckland. Bekker played a further 8 matches on tour for the Springboks, scoring three tries.

### Test history

| No. | Opposition | Result (SA 1st) | Position | Tries | Date | Venue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | New Zealand | 9–14 | Lock | 1 | 15 August 1981 | Lancaster Park, Christchurch |
| 2. | New Zealand | 22–25 | Lock |  | 12 September 1981 | Eden Park, Auckland |

## Accolades

Bekker was named the SA Rugby Player of the Year for 1983. The other nominees for the award in 1983 were Divan Serfontein, Carel du Plessis, Liaan Kirkham and Ray Mordt.

## Coaching

On 1 October 1985, Bekker was appointed assistant–organiser for coaching at the South African Rugby Board. From 1986 to 1989 he acted as forward–coach for Western Province and in 1990 he replaced Dawie Snyman as head coach of Western Province.

## Personal

Bekker is the father of Andries Bekker, a former Western Province, Stormers and Springbok Rugby player. Andries is currently playing for Kobelco Steelers in the Japanese Top League.

## InfoBox

Hennie Bekker
| Birth name | Hendrik Johnnes Bekker |
| --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1952-09-12) 12 September 1952 |
| Place of birth | Nuwerus, Western Cape, South Africa |
| Height | 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) |
| Weight | 120 kg (265 lb) |
| School | JG Meiring High School, Goodwood, Cape Town |
| University | Stellenbosch University |
| Children | Andries Bekker |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Lock  Amateur team(s)  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1973  Paarl Teachers Training College   ()  1979–1985  Stellenbosch University (Maties)   ()  1977–1978  Free State Defence   ()  Provincial / State sides  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1973 Boland  8  (50)  1979–1985 Western Province  108  (176)  1977–1978 Free State  27  (60)  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1981 South Africa  2  (4)  Coaching career  **Years** **Team**  1990  Western Province | |


title: Richmond Curling Centre

abstract: The Richmond Curling Centre is an eight-sheet curling facility in Richmond, British Columbia that is the home of the Richmond Curling Club. The club is located on Hollybridge Way in the Richmond City Centre neighbourhood of the city. The club was founded in 1958, with the first organizational meeting held on October 8 of that year. One week later a 3.4-acre plot of land was bought on Cambie Road for $200,000. The club was finally opened on January 1, 1961, as the Richmond Winter Club with plans to expand the facility to include skating and racket sports. Later that year the Richmond Ladies Curling Club was also founded. In 1963 a lounge was added to the building and in 1965 a parking lot was added. After a deal with the City of Richmond, the club was moved from Cambie Road to its current location on Hollybridge. Since 2000 the club has hosted the Pacific International Cup each April.

text:
# Richmond Curling Centre

The **Richmond Curling Centre** is an eight-sheet curling facility in Richmond, British Columbia that is the home of the **Richmond Curling Club**. The club is located on Hollybridge Way in the Richmond City Centre neighbourhood of the city.

The club was founded in 1958, with the first organizational meeting held on October 8 of that year. One week later a 3.4-acre plot of land was bought on Cambie Road for $200,000. The club was finally opened on January 1, 1961, as the **Richmond Winter Club** with plans to expand the facility to include skating and racket sports. Later that year the **Richmond Ladies Curling Club** was also founded. In 1963 a lounge was added to the building and in 1965 a parking lot was added.

After a deal with the City of Richmond, the club was moved from Cambie Road to its current location on Hollybridge.

Since 2000 the club has hosted the Pacific International Cup each April.

## Provincial champions

The club has won a number of provincial curling titles over the years: The club was home to the 2000 Scott Tournament of Hearts champion, 2000 World Women's Curling Championship gold medalist and 2002 Winter Olympics bronze medal champion Kelley Law rink. The club also won the men's 2018 Travelers Curling Club Championship with the team of Vic Shimizu, Cody Tanaka, Trevor Bakken and Mark Yodogawa.

### Women's

The club has won the women's provincial championships ten times:

### Junior Women's

* 1997: Julie Provost, Lindsay Kostenuik, Michelle Blacker, Nadine Favreau
* 2008: Kelly Thomson, Kelly Shimizu, Cynthia Lu, Jennifer Allen
* 2009: Kelly Shimizu, Kayte Gyles, Janelle Sakamoto, Julianna Tsang

### Master Women's

* 2010: Karin Host, Lorraine Warn, Dianne Tasaka, Betty Dharmasetia
* 2011: Karin Host, Dianne Tasaka, Lorraine Warn, Betty Dharmasetia

### Men's

The club has won the men's provincial championships three times:

### Junior Men's

### Senior Men's

### Master Men's

* 2016: Keith Switzer, Vic Shimizu, Ben Nishi, Wayne Saito

### Mixed

* 1967: Chuck Kennedy, Betty Bacon, Bruce Bacon, Verna Lawer
* 1973: Jim Armstrong, Marion Chamberlin, Gerry Peckham, Leslie Clark
* 1980: Bob McCubbin, Heater Haywood, Ken Watson, Sandy McCubbin
* 2018: Cody Tanaka, Shawna Jensen, Travis Cameron, Catera Park (shared with the Tunnel Town Curling Club)

## InfoBox

| Richmond Curling Club | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | 5440 Hollybridge Way <br>Richmond, British Columbia |
| Arena | Richmond Curling Centre |
| Information | |
| Established | 1958 |
| Club type | Dedicated Ice |
| Curling Canada region | Curl BC Region 5 |
| Sheets of ice | Eight |
| Rock colours | Blue and Red |
| Website | http://www.richmondcurling.com/ |


title: Hollandale, Minnesota

abstract: Hollandale is a city on State Highway 251 in Freeborn County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 303 at the 2010 census.

text:
# Hollandale, Minnesota

**Hollandale** is a city on State Highway 251 in Freeborn County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 303 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 0.44 square miles (1.14 km2), all land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1940 | 219 |  |  |
| 1950 | 360 |  | 64.4% |
| 1960 | 363 |  | 0.8% |
| 1970 | 287 |  | −20.9% |
| 1980 | 290 |  | 1.0% |
| 1990 | 289 |  | −0.3% |
| 2000 | 292 |  | 1.0% |
| 2010 | 303 |  | 3.8% |
| 2020 | 308 |  | 1.7% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 303 people, 128 households, and 81 families living in the city. The population density was 688.6 inhabitants per square mile (265.9/km2). There were 146 housing units at an average density of 331.8 per square mile (128.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 96.4% White, 2.6% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.6% of the population.

There were 128 households, of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.7% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 38.8 years. 26.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.5% were from 25 to 44; 25.4% were from 45 to 64; and 17.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.1% male and 46.9% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 292 people, 131 households, and 88 families living in the city. The population density was 677.0 inhabitants per square mile (261.4/km2). There were 137 housing units at an average density of 317.6 per square mile (122.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.55% White, 4.45% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.22% of the population.

There were 131 households, out of which 25.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.73.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 26.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,250, and the median income for a family was $41,875. Males had a median income of $33,214 versus $20,313 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,972. About 11.8% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 4.7% of those 65 or over.

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Hollandale | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
|  | |
| Location of Hollandale, Minnesota | |
| Coordinates: 43°45′35″N 93°12′16″W / 43.75972°N 93.20444°W / 43.75972; -93.20444 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Minnesota |
| County | Freeborn |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.44 sq mi (1.14 km2) |
| Land | 0.44 sq mi (1.14 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,207 ft (368 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 308 |
| Density | 700.00/sq mi (270.01/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 56045 |
| Area code | 507 |
| FIPS code | 27-29636 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2394402 |


abstract: "Generalissimo Francisco Franco is still dead" is a catchphrase that originated in 1975 during the first season of NBC's Saturday Night and which mocked the weeks-long media reports of the impending death of Francisco Franco. It was one of the first catchphrases from the series to enter the general lexicon.

text:
# Generalissimo Francisco Franco is still dead

"**Generalissimo Francisco Franco is still dead**" is a catchphrase that originated in 1975 during the first season of *NBC's Saturday Night* (now called *Saturday Night Live*, or *SNL*) and which mocked the weeks-long media reports of the impending death of Francisco Franco. It was one of the first catchphrases from the series to enter the general lexicon.

## Origin

The death (on November 20, 1975) of Spanish dictator Francisco Franco during the first season of *NBC's Saturday Night* originated the phrase. Franco's presumed imminent death had been a headline story on NBC News and other news organizations for several weeks. On slow news days, United States network television newscasters sometimes noted that Franco was still alive.

Following Franco's death, Chevy Chase, host of *NBC's Saturday Night'*s comedic news segment *Weekend Update*, announced Franco's death and read a statement from former president Richard Nixon: "General Franco was a loyal friend and ally of the United States. He earned worldwide respect for Spain through firmness and fairness." As an ironic counterpoint to this, a picture was displayed behind Chase, showing Franco giving the Roman salute alongside Adolf Hitler.

In subsequent weeks, Chase developed the joke into a parody of the earlier news coverage of Franco's illness, treating his death as the top story. "This breaking news just in", Chase would announce – "Generalissimo Francisco Franco is *still* dead!" Occasionally, Chase would change the wording slightly in attempts to keep the joke fresh, e.g. "Generalissimo Francisco Franco is still valiantly holding on in his fight to remain dead." The joke was sometimes combined with another running gag in which Garrett Morris, "head of the New York School for the Hard of Hearing" would cup his hands around his mouth and shout the news as Chase read it. The gag ran until early 1977, with occasional callbacks in later seasons.

## Legacy

The phrase has remained in use since Franco's death. James Taranto's *Best of the Web Today* column at OpinionJournal.com used the phrase as a tag for newspaper headlines that indicate something is still happening when it should be obvious. On February 8, 2007, during Jack Cafferty's segment on CNN's *The Situation Room with Wolf Blitzer* on the day of her death, he asked the host: "Is Anna Nicole Smith still dead, Wolf?" It was also used now and then on *NBC News Overnight* in the early 1980s, and Keith Olbermann occasionally used it on *Countdown*. In 2013, it experienced a brief resurgence in a different context, when it began appearing on social media a few days after the death of Spanish filmmaker Jesús Franco.

*The Wall Street Journal* used the headline "Generalísimo Francisco Franco Is Still Dead – And His Statues Are Next" on its front page March 2, 2009. The newspaper used it once again on its front page in the headline "Generalísimo Francisco Franco Is Still Dead – But for some not dead enough" on August 21, 2015, when it reported about critics calling to enforce a 2007 anti-Franco law in Madrid and to rename streets and plazas, after the last election had ended the 24-year reign of conservatives in the city council.

Although *SNL*'s use is the most widely known, it is predated by the "'John Garfield Still Dead' syndrome," which originated as a result of extensive coverage in the wake of actor John Garfield's death and funeral in 1952.

However, the joke is older than that. In "The Red Box" a Nero Wolfe novel published in 1939, the narrator, Archie Goodwin, says, near the beginning of chapter 9, "McNair had been dead when Doc Vollmer got there from his home only a block away, and still dead when Cramer and a couple of dicks arrived."

After a brief *in memoriam* during *SNL*'s 40th Anniversary Special on February 15, 2015, Bill Murray ended the segment with the famous phrase which "just came in from Spain."

The phrase is listed in *The Oxford Dictionary of Catchphrases*.

**Citations**


title: Van Honsebrouck Brewery

abstract: Van Honsebrouck is a Belgian brewery in Ingelmunster, Belgium. Founded in 1865 as Sint-Jozef Brewery, it was renamed to Brewery Van Honsebrouck in 1953. It is one of two breweries outside of Pajottenland to produce lambic beer.

text:
# Van Honsebrouck Brewery

**Van Honsebrouck** is a Belgian brewery in Ingelmunster, Belgium. Founded in 1865 as Sint-Jozef Brewery, it was renamed to Brewery Van Honsebrouck in 1953. It is one of two breweries outside of Pajottenland to produce lambic beer.

## History

The location of the brewery's building and the whole village of Ingelmunster were razed in 1695 following hostilities between English, French and Spanish soldiers. The current building dates back to 1736, and has cellars that date back to the Middle Ages.

In 1986 the castle was bought by the Van Honsebrouck family. The family have been brewing Ingelmunster beer since 1900. On 17 September 2001 a fire broke out in the castle that completely destroyed the museum-brewery.

The brewery is owned and operated by the seventh generation of Van Honsebrouck brewers in Ingelmunster. The current CEO is Xavier Van Honsebrouck, who took control in 2009.

## Products

Van Honsebrouck produces several different beers, including:

* *Kasteel Donker*, a dark beer (11% ABV)
* *Kasteel Rouge*, a blend of Kasteel Donker and cherry liqueur (8% ABV)
* *Kasteel Tripel*, a full-bodied tripel (11% ABV)
* *Kasteel Blond*, a blond beer (7% ABV)
* *Kasteel Hoppy*, a blond beer with a hoppy flavor, launched in 2013 (6.5% ABV)
* *Cuvée du Chateau*, which is Kasteel Donker that has been aged for ten years (11% ABV)
* *St Louis* , the line of lambic beers with fruit
    + *Premium Kriek*, a sweet red beer that uses pits of the Oblacinska cherries and is aged 6 months on lambic (3.2% ABV)
* *Fond Tradition*, a traditional and unsweetened gueuze
* *Brigand*, a golden-blond beer (9% ABV)
* *Bacchus*, an Old Flemish Brown beer (4.5% ABV)
* *Bacchus Kriekenbier* (5.8% ABV) Made with 15% cherries. The 37.5cl bottle has no label, but is instead wrapped in a sheet of printed tissue paper.
* *Passchendaele (5.2% ABV) Belgian Special Blond Ale, brewed in commemoration of the First World War Centenary*


title: Hobas

abstract: HOBAS is a manufacturer of centrifugally cast glassfiber reinforced (GRP) pipe systems made of unsaturated polyester resin with diameters ranging from 150 mm to 3600 mm. The company was founded in Basel, Switzerland in 1957. In 1977 the Wietersdorfer Group acquired the license for the pipe production in Austria and became owner of HOBAS to 50% in 1987. HOBAS is fully owned by the Wietersdorfer Group since 2011. In 2014, HOBAS Pipe Systems have been installed in more than 100 countries all around the world. The HOBAS Network consists of production plants and sales offices in Europe, North- and South America, Asia, Australia and Africa as well as international business partners.

text:
# Hobas

**HOBAS** is a manufacturer of centrifugally cast glassfiber reinforced (GRP) pipe systems made of unsaturated polyester resin with diameters ranging from 150 mm to 3600 mm. The company was founded in Basel, Switzerland in 1957. In 1977 the Wietersdorfer Group acquired the license for the pipe production in Austria and became owner of HOBAS to 50% in 1987. HOBAS is fully owned by the Wietersdorfer Group since 2011.

In 2014, HOBAS Pipe Systems have been installed in more than 100 countries all around the world. The HOBAS Network consists of production plants and sales offices in Europe, North- and South America, Asia, Australia and Africa as well as international business partners.

## Products

**HOBAS** manufactures circular and non-circular (NC) pipes as well as fittings, tanks and manholes from GRP. These are utilized in various fields of application such as for example sewer and hydropower systems, potable water lines, irrigation and drainage, as protection and ventilation pipes. They are also utilized as shafts, for flood protection measures and in various industrial applications. HOBAS Centrifugally Cast Pipe Systems can be installed in open trench as well as trenchless by pipe jacking or relining/sliplining, above ground and subaqueous.

## Company history

It all began quite modestly at the Basel Dye Works in 1957 where wooden cylinders were employed for the dyeing process. These kept splintering and deforming after some time putting the expensive textiles at risk. Seeking a suitable replacement for the cylinders, the factory's engineers developed a centrifugal casting method using glassfiber reinforced plastics (GRP). Thanks to the method and material, they achieved perfectly concentric cylinders with a precise outer diameter and smooth surface - just as required.

GRP had previously been used for shipbuilding, automobile and aircraft industry. However, its resistance to both corrosion and chemicals also made the material highly suitable for other applications. The Swiss recognized its benefits and soon employed centrifugally cast pipes for conveying water - the pipes laid at that time are still in use today. Step by step, the pipes were improved, the manufacturing process was automated, the product range extended and tailor-made fittings were added to the product range during the subsequent years.

## HOBAS Centrifugal Casting Process and Chemical Composition

The products mainly consist of unsaturated polyester resins, chopped glassfibers and mineral reinforcement materials. The HOBAS Centrifugal Casting Process is fully automated.

The pipe wall is built up from the outside inwards in a rotating mold. Once all basic components (chopped glass fiber, resin, and reinforcing materials) have been fed into the mold with the help of a computer-controlled feeder arm, the speed of rotation is increased. High centrifugal forces up to 75  press the materials against the mold wall. Any trapped gas is fully vented and the raw materials are condensed to a maximum, creating an extremely solid and void free pipe wall. During the final curing phase the mold continues to rotate, ensuring a perfectly concentric form and uniform wall thickness over the entire length. Every single pipe in any available diameter from DN 150 to DN 3600 which is finally extruded from the mold has a consistent outside diameter as well as smooth outer and inner pipe walls that are characteristic of HOBAS CC-GRP Pipes.

1. www.wietersdorfer.com Retrieved March 16, 2012.
2. retrieved 9 March 2015.
3. www.hobas.com Archived 2012-10-01 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved September 04, 2014.
4. www.hobas.com Archived 2011-11-08 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved September 4, 2014.
5. www.hobas.com Archived 2012-04-18 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved March 20, 2012.
6. www.hobas.com Archived 2011-11-08 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved March 21, 2012.

## InfoBox

HOBAS
|
|  |
| Company type | Limited company <br>(*Aktiengesellschaft*) |
| Founded | 1957 |
| Headquarters | Klagenfurt, Carinthia, Austria |
| Number of employees | ~ 1000 (2014) |
| Website | www.hobas.com |


title: WAGR E class

abstract: The WAGR E class were a class of 4-6-2 steam locomotives built for the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) by English manufacturers Nasmyth, Wilson & Co, Vulcan Foundry and North British Locomotive Company, from 1902. The locomotives provided a huge increase in locomotive power available to the WAGR and were the mainstay traction of WAGR passenger services for two decades. The Es class was the name given to a reconstruction of all but four of the class carried out between 1924 and 1925.

text:
# WAGR E class

The **WAGR E class** were a class of 4-6-2 steam locomotives built for the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) by English manufacturers Nasmyth, Wilson & Co, Vulcan Foundry and North British Locomotive Company, from 1902. The locomotives provided a huge increase in locomotive power available to the WAGR and were the mainstay traction of WAGR passenger services for two decades. The **Es class** was the name given to a reconstruction of all but four of the class carried out between 1924 and 1925.

## Background

In the early 20th century, the WAGR was using a wide range of locomotives for a variety of operational roles. One type of locomotive lacking, however, was a dedicated long-distance of express passenger locomotive. The R class engines of 1897 had not proved appropriate for the steep gradients made necessary by the crossing of the Darling Scarp, due to their lack of power. In 1900, orders were placed with British manufacturers, Nasmyth, Wilson & Co and Vulcan Foundry for forty-five 4-6-2 locomotives. These became the WAGR E class locomotives and were the first 4-6-2 locomotives in Australia. A further 20 were ordered in April 1911 from the North British Locomotive Company.

## History

Due to slow delivery times by the British companies as a result of full-order books and a preference for larger orders, twenty modified E class locomotives were ordered from the Baldwin Locomotive Works, Philadelphia and became the WAGR Ec class. They differed from the E class in that they were compound engines. The E class eventually totalled 65, with 15 examples being built by Nasmyth, Wilson, 30 by Vulcan Foundry and 20 by North British. The first fifteen entered service in 1903/04 and were successful from the outset, providing a much needed boost to WAGR locomotive power.

In 1924/25, all except 306, 336, 338 and 353 were rebuilt with superheated boilers and reclassified as the Es class. The E and Es class revolutionised the long-distance travel between Perth and Kalgoorlie. They were later replaced on this service by the P class in 1924.

In 1934, 336 and 346 underwent a weight reduction programme to allow them to operate on lightly laid lines. They were reclassified as the Ea class, being converted back in 1939. In 1945 the chassis, cylinders and wheels of eight Es class were used in the building of the Dm class.

The last was withdrawn in October 1963. Es308 has been preserved at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum.

## Namesakes

The E class designation was previously used for the E class locomotives that were withdrawn in the 1890s. It was reused in the 1960s when an E class diesel locomotive was acquired with the Midland Railway of Western Australia.

Media related to WAGR E class at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| WAGR E class | |
| --- | --- |
| Es308 at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum | |
| Type and origin  Power type Steam  Builder Nasmyth, Wilson & Co (15)
Vulcan Foundry (30)
North British Locomotive Co (20)  Serial number NW 641-655 (WAGR 291-305)
VF 1844-1873 (306-335)
NBL 19604-19623 (336-355)  Build date 1902-1903  Total produced 65  Rebuilder Midland Railway Workshops  Rebuild date 1924-1925  Number rebuilt 61 as Es class | |
| Specifications  Configuration:
   Whyte 4-6-2  Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)  Driver dia. 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm)  Fuel type Coal  Water cap. 2,200 imp gal (10,000 L; 2,600 US gal)  Firebox:   Grate area As built: 19 sq ft (1.8 m2)
Rebuilt: 18.8 sq ft (1.75 m2)  Boiler pressure As built: 180 lbf/in2 (1.24 MPa)
Rebuilt: 175 lbf/in2 (1.21 MPa)  Cylinder size As built: 17 in × 23 in (432 mm × 584 mm)
Rebuilt: 18 in × 23 in (457 mm × 584 mm) | |
| Performance figures  Tractive effort As built: 16,620 lbf (73.93 kN)
Rebuilt: 20,527 lbf (91.31 kN) | |
| Career  Operators Western Australian Government Railways  Numbers E291-E355  Last run October 1963  Preserved Es308  Disposition 1 preserved, 64 scrapped | |