title: Ernst Dehner

abstract: Ernst Dehner was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. In 1948 he was found guilty of war crimes at the Hostages Trial and was sentenced to 7 years imprisonment, but was released in 1951.

text:
# Ernst Dehner

**Ernst Dehner** (5 March 1889 – 13 September 1970) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. In 1948 he was found guilty of war crimes at the Hostages Trial and was sentenced to 7 years imprisonment, but was released in 1951.

## Awards and decorations

### Citations

### Bibliography

* Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) \[1986\]. *Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile* \[*The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches*\] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.

## InfoBox

| Ernst Dehner | |
| --- | --- |
| Dehner at the Hostages Trial, 1948 | |
| Born | 5 March 1889
Hersbruck, German Empire |
| Died | 13 September 1970(1970-09-13) (aged 81)
Königstein im Taunus, West Germany |
| Allegiance | Nazi Germany |
| Service/branch | Army |
| Rank | General |
| Commands | 106. Infanterie-Division
LXXXII. Armeekorps |
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |


title: Espinhosela

abstract: Espinhosela is a civil parish in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 244, in an area of 37.03 km⁲.

text:
# Espinhosela

**Espinhosela** is a civil parish in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 244, in an area of 37.03 km2.

## InfoBox

| Espinhosela | |
| --- | --- |
| Civil parish | |
| EspinhoselaLocation in Portugal | |
| Coordinates: 41°51′58″N 6°50′53″W / 41.866°N 6.848°W / 41.866; -6.848 | |
| Country | Portugal |
| Region | Norte |
| Intermunic. comm. | Terras de Trás-os-Montes |
| District | Bragança |
| Municipality | Bragança |
| Area | |
| Total | 37.03 km2 (14.30 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 244 |
| Density | 6.6/km2 (17/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC±00:00 (WET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+01:00 (WEST) |


title: Terah Lyons

abstract: Terah Lyons is known for her work in the field of artificial intelligence and technology policy. Lyons was the executive director of the Partnership on AI and was a policy advisor to the United States Chief Technology Officer Megan Smith in President Barack Obama's Office of Science and Technology Policy.

text:
# Terah Lyons

**Terah Lyons** is known for her work in the field of artificial intelligence and technology policy. Lyons was the executive director of the Partnership on AI and was a policy advisor to the United States Chief Technology Officer Megan Smith in President Barack Obama's Office of Science and Technology Policy.

## Education and early career

Lyons was raised in Fort Collins, Colorado. She received her Bachelor's Degree from Harvard University in 2014 in Social Studies with a focus on Network Theory and Complex Systems. During her time at Harvard, she received the Thouron Award in 2012 to study for a summer at the University of Cambridge. While at Harvard, she worked as a research analyst for David Gergen at the Kennedy School of Government Center for Public Policy. Her senior thesis was entitled "Social Networks and Shibboleths: Gender Diversity and Stratification in Structures of Elite Corporate Leadership." Following her time at Harvard, she became a Fellow with the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences based in Cape Town, South Africa.

## Public service career

Lyons joined President Barack Obama's Office of Science and Technology Policy, which was run by the President's Science Advisor John Holdren, in 2015. In 2016, she began working for the United States Chief Technology Officer Megan Smith. During her tenure as a civil servant, her portfolio centered on machine intelligence, including AI, robotics, and intelligent transportation systems.

Lyons co-directed The White House Future of Artificial Intelligence Initiative, which engaged stakeholders—industry, academia, government employees, the international community, and the public at large—to develop a domestic policy strategy on machine intelligence. That work culminated in a report called *Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence*, which detailed opportunities, considerations, and challenges in the field of AI. Highlights from the report include policy recommendations to ensure that the power of AI is channeled to advance social good and improve government operations, recommendations for regulations on AI technologies such as automated vehicles, and recommendations to develop a diverse workforce equipped to tap into the potential and tackle the challenges that will come with the AI revolution. The report was the culmination of five public workshops and a request for public comment that received 161 responses.

Lyons also helped draft the December 2016 report *Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy*, which detailed the ways in which artificial intelligence will transform the American economy in the coming years and decades. The report outlined five key primary economic efforts that should be a priority for policymakers, including preparing for changes in skills demanded by the job market and the shifting of the job market as some jobs disappear while new opportunities are created.

Since 2024, Lyons is a Managing Director at JPMorgan Chase, where she is Global Head of AI Policy.

## The Partnership on AI

In 2017, Lyons was recruited to lead the Partnership on AI, a research and policy organization founded by Facebook, Google, Microsoft, and a number of other technology corporations. The mission of the nonprofit organization is to research and provide thought leadership around the direction of AI technologies, including machine perception, learning, and automated reasoning. As stated on their website, the goals of the organization are to: (1) develop and share best practices on research and development related to AI; (2) advance public understanding; (3) provide opportunities for engagement across diverse audiences; (4) identify new efforts for the future of AI for the social good. Lyons has testified in front of the House of Representatives Oversight & Government Reform Committee Subcommittee on Information Technology to discuss the promise of artificial intelligence and advocate for the importance of the Partnership on AI.

In her position as executive director, Lyons has advocated for the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion in the AI workforce. In 2018, she spoke at *The New York Times* new work summit about why inclusion is a crucial issue to address in the fields of computer science and AI especially. Lyons is also a member of the Center for a New American Security's Task Force on Artificial Intelligence and Security to investigate opportunities and challenges AI poses to American security.

In 2022, Lyons was on the Steering Committee Members for Stanford University's 2022 AI Index Report. The report which is partnered with companies such as Google, Open AI and Open Philanthropy, evaluates the rate in which AI advancement from research, development, performance, ethics, education, policy and governance is developing. The report includes a broad range of data from academic, private and non-profit organisations in addition to self collected data and analysis.

## Awards and recognition

## InfoBox

| Terah Lyons | |
| --- | --- |
| AI for Good Global Summit 2018 | |
| Born | Palm Springs, California |
| Education | Harvard University |
| Occupation | Executive Director |
| Employer(s) | Partnership on AI<br>Office of Science and Technology Policy, 2015–2017 |
| Known for | Artificial Intelligence, Technology Policy |
| Awards | Thouron Award |
| Website | terahlyons.com |


title: MH Message Handling System

abstract: The MH Message Handling System is a free, open source e-mail client. It is different from almost all other mail reading systems in that, instead of a single program, it is made from several different programs which are designed to work from the command line provided by the shell on Unix-like operating systems. Another difference is that rather than storing multiple messages in a single file, messages each have their own separate file in a special directory. Taken together, these design choices mean that it is very easy and natural to script actions on mail messages using the normal shell scripting tools. Descendants of MH continue to be developed under the names of nmh and mmh. GNU Mailutils also contains an implementation of MH.

text:
# MH Message Handling System

The **MH Message Handling System** is a free, open source e-mail client. It is different from almost all other mail reading systems in that, instead of a single program, it is made from several different programs which are designed to work from the command line provided by the shell on Unix-like operating systems. Another difference is that rather than storing multiple messages in a single file, messages each have their own separate file in a special directory. Taken together, these design choices mean that it is very easy and natural to script actions on mail messages using the normal shell scripting tools.

Descendants of MH continue to be developed under the names of **nmh** and **mmh**. GNU Mailutils also contains an implementation of MH.

## Design

Designed with the Unix philosophy in mind, MH is composed of separate programs such as `show`, to view a message, `scan`, to see message titles and `rmm` to remove messages. By using the `pick` program, it is possible to select messages, based on sender for example, which the other programs act on.

Because the different programs are run separately and at different times, communication between them has to be arranged specially. Information such as the mail which is currently selected is stored in files (in this case by an `.mh_sequences` file in the user's MH directory tree).

## History

MH was proposed by R. Stockton Gaines and Norman Shapiro and developed by Bruce S. Borden and others at RAND Corporation. The initial version of MH had been created by 1979. Subsequently development was taken over by Marshall T. Rose and John L. Romine working at University of California, Irvine. The last release of MH was 6.8.4 which was a maintenance patch for the 6.8.3 release, and it's in the public domain.

**nmh** ("new MH") is a current active version of MH. It was forked from version MH 6.8.3 by Richard Coleman while working at the Georgia Institute of Technology, and released under the BSD License,. It incorporates the "LBL changes" made to MH in the late 80s by Van Jacobson, Mike Karels and Craig Leres. The most recent release is nmh 1.8, 18 February 2023. .

**mmh** ("meillo's mail handler") is a fork of nmh, but their user interface are incompatible.

## Performance

The performance of MH is very much dependent on the file system and other features of the operating system that it runs on. Every read of a message will require starting a separate program, a directory scan in a large directory and a file open before the data can even be accessed. On the other hand, mailbox formats such as mbox which use a single file often require insertion or removal of data in the middle of the file when messages are read or altered and this can be a very slow procedure. In these cases MH will be much faster.

The maildir storage format made popular by qmail and the Courier Mail Server improves upon several features first shown in MH: a separate file per message, a separate directory per mail "folder," and exploitation of hardlinks and other advanced filesystem features for improved performance in space and time.

## Interface

MH is inherently a command line based system. For a graphical interface, the original program was *xmh*, an X Window System application. After development of xmh ceased, a similar tool called *exmh* was developed in Tcl/Tk; and last updated January 7, 2004. Exmh is considered feature-complete and since 2004 there has been little development beyond bug fixes. An Emacs interface to MH is also provided by the *MH-E* project.

In addition to these dedicated MH clients, support for MH mailboxes is included in several other clients such as Claws Mail, Novell Evolution, Mutt and Sylpheed.


title: MHk 32 Liptovský Mikuláš

abstract: HK 32 Liptovský Mikuláš is a professional ice hockey team in the Slovak Extraliga, top hockey tier in Slovakia. Their home town is Liptovský Mikuláš in Slovakia. The team plays their home games at Liptovský Mikuláš Ice Stadium.

text:
# MHk 32 Liptovský Mikuláš

**HK 32 Liptovský Mikuláš** is a professional ice hockey team in the Slovak Extraliga, top hockey tier in Slovakia. Their home town is Liptovský Mikuláš in Slovakia. The team plays their home games at Liptovský Mikuláš Ice Stadium.

## History

The club was founded in 1932. Mikuláš won the 1. SNHL first time in the 1972, but they won this league two more times in the 1974 and 1989. In the 2017–18 season did not qualify for the playoffs.

## Honours

### Domestic

**Slovak 1. Liga**

**1st. Slovak National Hockey League**

## Players

### Current roster

**Source:** mhk32lm.sk**Source:** eliteprospects.comAs of 31 July 2023.

| No. | Nat | Player | Pos | / | Age | Acquired | Birthplace |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 71 |  | Alexander Avtsin | RW | R | 33 | 2023 | Moscow, Soviet Union |
| 19 |  | Mathew Berry | RW | R | 32 | 2023 | Canton, Michigan, United States |
| 76 |  | Frederik Fekiač |  | R | 29 | 2023 | Zvolen, Slovakia |
| 67 |  | Peter Hraško |  | L | 32 | 2023 | Detva, Czechoslovakia |
|  |  | Rudolf Huna | LW | L | 44 | 2023 | Liptovský Mikuláš, Czechoslovakia |
| 8 |  | Dominik Jendroľ |  | L | 29 | 2023 | Trstená, Slovakia |
| 7 |  | Kevin Jendroľ | LW | L | 22 | 2023 | Trstená, Slovakia |
|  |  | Tomáš Klíma |  | L | 34 | 2023 | Ilava, Czechoslovakia |
| 84 |  | Alexei Krasikov |  | L | 28 | 2023 | Moscow, Russia |
| 98 |  | Lukáš Ľalík |  | L | 24 | 2023 | Zvolen, Slovakia |
| 6 |  | Filip Mezovský |  | L | 31 | 2011 | Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia |
| 77 |  | Dávid Nátny |  | L | 20 | 2023 | Martin, Slovakia |
|  |  | Jakub Nespala | RW | L | 24 | 2023 | Poprad, Slovakia |
| 10 |  | Martin Réway |  | L | 29 | 2023 | Prague, Czech Republic |
| 29 |  | Roman Rychlík |  | R | 23 | 2023 | Trebišov, Slovakia |
| 80 |  | Sebastián Šmida |  | R | 25 | 2022 | Skalica, Slovakia |
| 18 |  | Jakub Sukeľ | RW | L | 28 | 2023 | Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia |
|  |  | Daniel Tkáč | LW | L | 23 | 2023 | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States |
| 17 |  | Michal Uhrík | RW | L | 31 | 2018 | Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia |
| 22 |  | Marek Vankúš |  | L | 25 | 2022 | Dolný Kubín, Slovakia |
|  |  | Matúš Vojtech | RW | R | 19 | 2023 | Ilava, Slovakia |
|  |  | Evan Wardley |  | R | 30 | 2023 | Calgary, Alberta, Canada |
| 82 |  | Jakub Žilka | LW | L | 29 | 2023 | Zvolen, Slovakia |
| 51 |  | Mārtiņš Karsums () | RW | R | 38 | 2022 | Riga, Latvian SSR, Soviet Union |
| 88 |  | Simon Kalousek |  | R | 24 | 2020 | Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia |
| 18 |  | Julius Vähätalo | LW | L | 29 | 2022 | Vahto, Finland |
| 5 |  | Denis Bakala |  | L | 21 | 2022 | Martin, Slovakia |
| 16 |  | Juraj Dunčko | RW | L | 21 | 2020 | Slovakia |
| 24 |  | Michal Kapičák |  | L | 21 | 2022 | Dolný Kubín, Slovakia |
| 50 |  | Tobias Klimčák |  | L | 18 | 2021 | Slovakia |
| 10 |  | Micke Saari | LW | L | 30 | 2022 | Kirkkonummi, Finland |
| 29 |  | Vsevolod Sorokin |  | L | 30 | 2022 | Moscow, Russia |
| 3 |  | Filip Surák |  | L | 28 | 2024 | Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia |
| 11 |  | Adam Haluška |  | L | 24 | 2019 | Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia |
| 27 |  | Sebastián Droppa |  | L | 23 | 2018 | Düsseldorf, Germany |
| 19 |  | Maximilián Braun | RW | R | 21 | 2022 | Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia |

## Notable players

## InfoBox

| HK 32 Liptovský Mikuláš | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nickname | Liptáci |
| City | Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia |
| League | Slovak Extraliga |
| Founded | 1932 (1932) |
| Home arena | Liptovský Mikuláš Ice Stadium
(capacity 3,680) |
| Colours | Red, white, blue
 |
| Owner(s) | R-STAV SK s.r.o.
(Róbert Ľupták, chairman) |
| General manager | Maris Jass |
| Head coach | Juraj Faith |
| Captain | Jakub Sukeľ |
| Website | mhk32lm.sk |


title: MENTOR

abstract: MENTOR was founded to expand opportunity for young people by building a youth mentoring field and movement in the United States. Since its founding, there has been a more than 10x increase in young people in structured mentoring relationships, from hundreds of thousands to millions.

text:
# MENTOR

**MENTOR** was founded to expand opportunity for young people by building a youth mentoring field and movement in the United States. Since its founding, there has been a more than 10x increase in young people in structured mentoring relationships, from hundreds of thousands to millions.

## Impact

By supporting, creating, and elevating research and opportunities, MENTOR is the primary resource and expert for the youth mentoring field, representing a movement that meets young people everywhere they are – from schools, to workplaces, and beyond.

MENTOR operates the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’s National Mentoring Resource Center and provides technical assistance to mentoring programs across the country. MENTOR also helps expand the mentoring movement through the Mentoring Connector, the only national database of mentoring programs that works to pair potential mentors and mentoring programs through. The organization also works to drive equity through initiatives and campaigns such as the Workplace Equity Pledge, Connect|Focus|Grow, and National Mentoring Month.

## Recognition

MENTOR is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. MENTOR is a member of the Social Impact 100 (S&I 100 Index) and has a 4-star rating from Charity Navigator, the largest and most-utilized evaluator of charities in the United States. With Affiliates across the country and a National office in Boston, Massachusetts, MENTOR's impact is wide-reaching.

In 2021, MENTOR received a portion of the $2.7 billion that philanthropist MacKenzie Scott gifted “286 Teams Empowering Voices the World Needs to Hear.”

MENTOR co-founders Geoff Boisi and Ray Chambers each received the Lewis Hine Distinguished Service Award from the National Child Labor Committee (NCLC) for a lifetime of outstanding service to children.

## InfoBox

MENTOR
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | MENTOR |
| Founded | 1990 (1990) (as One to One Partnership) |
| Founder | Geoffrey Boisi and Raymond Chambers |
| Type | non-governmental organization |
| CEO | David Shapiro |
| Website | www.mentoring.org |


title: Temnothorax tarbinskii

abstract: Temnothorax tarbinskii is a species of ant in the genus Temnothorax, that is native to Kyrgyzstan.

text:
# Temnothorax tarbinskii

***Temnothorax tarbinskii*** is a species of ant in the genus *Temnothorax*, that is native to Kyrgyzstan.

## InfoBox

| *Temnothorax tarbinskii* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 2.3) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Genus: | *Temnothorax* |
| Species: | ***T. tarbinskii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Temnothorax tarbinskii***
(Arnol'di, in Tarbinsky, 1976) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Chalepoxenus tarbinskii* (Arnol'di, in Tarbinsky, 1976) | |


abstract: The Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a research institute which develops magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for both cognitive neuroscience and medical diagnosis and treatment.

text:
# Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The **Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging** is a research institute which develops magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for both cognitive neuroscience and medical diagnosis and treatment.

## History

It was founded in July 2005 by the University Duisburg-Essen (Germany) and the Radboud University Nijmegen (The Netherlands).

It is located on the grounds of the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Zollverein in the Northeast of the city of Essen, Germany. The industrial complex Zollverein is a former coal mine and coke processing plant which represents an industry which dominated the industrialization of the Ruhr area in Germany during the 19th and 20th centuries.

The institute is named after Erwin L. Hahn, a physicist who has made innumerable contributions to the field of magnetic resonance. The centerpiece of the institute is a 7 Tesla whole-body magnet resonance imager from Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany. In contrast to the magnetic resonance imagers used in hospitals and clinics throughout the world, which commonly operate at a magnetic field strength of 1.5 Tesla, the ultra high magnetic field strength of this imager provides significantly higher sensitivity for structural and functional measurements of the human body.


title: Teresa Laplana

abstract: Teresa Laplana i Cocera is a Spanish police officer, lieutenant of the Mossos d'Esquadra, the Catalonia's regional police.

text:
# Teresa Laplana

**Teresa Laplana i Cocera** (born 1961) is a Spanish police officer, lieutenant of the Mossos d'Esquadra, the Catalonia's regional police.

## Biography

Laplana was born in Barcelona and joined the body with the promotion of 1985, the first one that allowed women to enter. She has been assigned to various destinations, such as the prison of Ponent, Tarragona, the police station of Sant Andreu neighborhood in Barcelona, and in August 2014 she was appointed as the head of the Eixample police station. After the events of 2017, she has been assigned to the Police Department of Barcelona in non-operational tasks.

She has participated in several occasions in the World Police and Fire Games, where she has won several medals in swimming.

## Catalan independence crisis and judicial process

She was the head of the operation of the officers who provided coverage and protection at the entrance and registry at the headquarters of the Vice President and Counselor of Economy of the Catalan cabinet on 20 October 2017 by the Civil Guard. In the Trial of Catalonia independence leaders, she is accused of sedition.

On 4 October 2017 was called by the Spanish Supreme Court to testify amid the sedition crime and on 16 April 2018, the Judge of the National Court Carmen Lamela prosecuted Teresa Laplana Intendant for a crime of sedition for the events of the 20 and 21 September in the Ministry of Economy, but ruled she and Josep Lluís Trapero must remain free. Finally the prosecutor's office of this court requested 4 years in prison and 11 of absolute disqualification for the crime of sedition.


title: Teresa Lambe

abstract: Teresa "Tess" Lambe OBE is an Irish scientist working at Oxford University's Oxford Vaccine Group. She is one of the co-developers of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine against the new coronavirus causing COVID-19.

text:
# Teresa Lambe

**Teresa "Tess" Lambe** OBE is an Irish scientist working at Oxford University's Oxford Vaccine Group. She is one of the co-developers of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine against the new coronavirus causing COVID-19.

## Early life and education

Teresa Lambe is from Nicholastown, in Kilcullen, County Kildare, where she attended Cross and Passion College. Lambe studied pharmacology and molecular genetics at University College Dublin, where she completed her PhD in 2002 with Prof Finian Martin.

## Career

Lambe is a scientist working at Oxford University's Jenner Institute. She is one of the co-developers of the Oxford vaccine against the new coronavirus causing COVID-19.

Previously, she worked on vaccines for Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever, ebola, Lassa fever, MERS, and Nipah virus.

In 2021, she was awarded the UCD Alumni Award in Science 2021.

In 2021, she was appointed an Honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE), for services to Science and Public Health.

In 2022, she was announced as one of the recipients of the Presidential Distinguished Service Award for the Irish Abroad for 2022 in the category of Science, Technology & Innovation.

## InfoBox

| Teresa LambeOBE | |
| --- | --- |
| Alma mater | University College Dublin |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Institutions | University of Oxford |
| Doctoral advisor | Finian Martin |
|  | |
| Website | https://www.jenner.ac.uk/team/teresa-lambe |


title: Tercio de Vizcaínos

abstract: Tercio de Vizcaínos was a unit of Spanish militia of Buenos Aires, composed in its majority by volunteers of Basque, Castilian and Asturian origin. This infantry unit was established after the first English Invasion to the Río de la Plata.

text:
# Tercio de Vizcaínos

**Tercio de Vizcaínos** (Third of Vizcaínos) was a unit of Spanish militia of Buenos Aires, composed in its majority by volunteers of Basque, Castilian and Asturian origin. This infantry unit was established after the first English Invasion to the Río de la Plata.

## History

The Third of Vizcaínos was created on September 8, 1806, and was formed with a Company of militiamen from Cantabria, under the command of Prudencio Murguiondo, five companies of Vascos and Navarros, and two militia companies formed by volunteers from Asturias. The Vizcaínos also had a Cuerpo de Cazadores Correntinos, composed of sixty-seven soldiers under the Captain Juan José Blanco.

Prudencio Murguiondo and Miguel Cuyar, Captain of the 8th Compañía de Asturianos, were distinguished by the Supreme Junta of Seville on behalf of Fernando VII of Spain, for his heroic actions in the Reconquest of Buenos Aires against the English invaders.

The Tercio de Vizcaínos was dissolved in 1809, after its members took part in the Mutiny of Álzaga against the Viceroy Santiago de Liniers.

## InfoBox

| Tercio de Vizcaínos | |
| --- | --- |
| Official uniform belonging to the 1st company of Vizcaínos Castellanos | |
| Disbanded | 1809 |
| Country | Argentina |
| Allegiance | Spanish Empire |
| Type | Infantry |
| Engagements | British invasions of the River Plate<br>Mutiny of Álzaga |


title: Terra de Soneira

abstract: Terra de Soneira is a comarca in the Galician Province of A Coruña, Spain. The overall population of this local region is 20,886 (2005).

text:
# Terra de Soneira

**Terra de Soneira** is a comarca in the Galician Province of A Coruña, Spain. The overall population of this local region is 20,886 (2005).

## Municipalities

Camariñas, **Vimianzo** and Zas.

43°7′N 9°3′W / 43.117°N 9.050°W / 43.117; -9.050

## InfoBox

| Terra de Soneira | |
| --- | --- |
| Comarca | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Galicia |
| Province | A Coruña |
| Capital | Vimianzo |
| Municipalities | List |
| Area | |
| Total | 370.7 km2 (143.1 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| Total | 20,886 |
| Density | 56/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Demonym | soneirense |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Estola albomarmorata

abstract: Estola albomarmorata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1943. It is known from Brazil.

text:
# Estola albomarmorata

***Estola albomarmorata*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1943. It is known from Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Estola albomarmorata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Estola* |
| Species: | ***E. albomarmorata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Estola albomarmorata***<br>Breuning, 1943 | |
|


title: Estola albovaria

abstract: Estola albovaria is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1940. It is known from French Guiana.

text:
# Estola albovaria

***Estola albovaria*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1940. It is known from French Guiana.

## InfoBox

| *Estola albovaria* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Estola* |
| Species: | ***E. albovaria*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Estola albovaria***<br>Breuning, 1940 | |
|


title: Esther Barsel

abstract: Esther Barsel was a South African political activist and long-standing member of the South African Communist Party (SACP). She was a member of both her local African National Congress branch and the SACP's Johannesburg Central Branch.

text:
# Esther Barsel

**Esther Barsel** (born 17 October 1924, in Raguva, Lithuania; died 6 October 2008, in Johannesburg) was a South African political activist and long-standing member of the South African Communist Party (SACP). She was a member of both her local African National Congress branch and the SACP's Johannesburg Central Branch.

## Biography

### Background

Barsel was the daughter of Joseph Levin of Kubelake from Ukraine and Sonia Garenblumaite of Raguva from Lithuania. Joseph Levin said he was escaping pogroms in Ukraine when he relocated to Raguva about 1915. Later he assumed the identity of a dead man, Lieb Lurije, in order to avoid detection.

When Barsel's mother met Joseph Levin, he was already living under the assumed name of Leib Lurije. Esther's birth record in the vital records of Raguva shows her mother Sonia as Garenblumaite in Lithuanian, and in the original Yiddish the transcription would be Garnblum. Esther's father's occupation was a merchant, inhabitant of Raguva. Her birth record shows her father as a man that had already been dead for two years.

In 1926 Joseph Levin went to South Africa under the Lurije identity, changing his name back to Levin upon arrival in South Africa. Esther was 6 months old when he left Lithuania. He stayed with Sonia's brother Abraham Bloom (ex Garrenblum) in Middelburg. Esther & her mother Sonia followed in 1927; entry records into South Africa show Esther Luriane (aged 3 yrs) arrived in 1927 by boat. Joseph Levin then bought a farm store about 18 miles from Middelburg which he sold in about 1936. They then moved to Johannesburg.

### Political career

Esther was an early participant in the Liberation Struggle against Apartheid, joining the SACP at the age of fourteen.

Esther worked as a secretary/bookkeeper for Friends of the Soviet Union where she met Hymie Barsel, the coordinator of the project. They married in Johannesburg on 4 December 1945. They travelled the country together promoting Karl Marx.

Hymie Barsel was accused in the 1956 Treason Trial. A group of 156 black and white activists – including Chief Albert Lutuli, Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu – were put in the dock after a countrywide crackdown following the adoption of the Freedom Charter at the Congress of the People in Kliptown at the end of 1955. The group represented almost the entire executive of the then all-African ANC, the white Congress of Democrats, the South African Indian Congress, the Coloured People's Congress and the South African Congress of Trade Unions. Together, they were known as the Congress Alliance, and they were stoic as the state charged them with high treason and conspiracy to use violence to overthrow the government. The punishment was, of course, death.

It was an extremely difficult period for the trialists and their families, yet many of the friendships between black and white activists that were struck there carried on throughout their lives.

Later Barsel and her husband were among fifteen accused in the Bram Fischer trial. She was sentenced to, and served three years' hard labor at Barberton Women's Prison.

The trial of Mr. Bram Fischer was primarily an attempt to remove and imprison the leadership of the SACP. On 26 August 1964, Bram Fischer, a senior lawyer who had led the defense of the Rivonia trialists, and fourteen other people were arrested and charged with having furthered the aims of the SACP or being office-bearers, officers, or members of the party. The charge sheet alleged that they aimed at "establishing a despotic government based on the dictatorship of the proletariat" in South Africa. Esther had been the link between the banned liberation movements and activists working openly, she was detained and then kept in solitary confinement. Esther and other communist women began a hunger strike, hoping this would compel the police to charge or release them.

A number of those charged had been held under the 90-day detention law and were subjected to ill treatment. One of these, Ms Sylvia Neame, was sentenced to two months' imprisonment for trying to escape from custody. The other accused were Mr. Louis Baker, Ms. Esther Barsel, Mr. Hymie Barsel, Ms. Mollie Doyle, Ms. Florence Duncan, Dr. Costa Gazides, Mr. Norman Levy, Ms. Jean Middleton, Ms. Ann Nicholson, Mr. Ivan F Schermbrucker, Mr. Paul Trewhela and Mr. Eli Weinberg. In April 1965, after they had been in custody for nearly a year, the fifteen were sentenced to terms of imprisonment ranging from one to five years.

Esther was sent to the remote Barberton Prison for three years of hard labor in 1965. She was in the women's ward, next to her cell was Nelson Mandela's cell for a period before he was sent to Robben Island, and close by was the cell where Hymie was held in solitary confinement. After Esther's release she was also "Banned" for a period of approximately 20 years.

Esther was private secretary to Chris Hani, the South African Communist Party leader, after his 1990 return from Lusaka from 30 years of military exile. Hani was assassinated on 10 April 1993.

Barsel's fight for workers' rights was lifelong; as late as 2006, at the age of eighty-one, she was blogging information about the defunct Friends of the Soviet Union. \[1\]

Barsel counted among her friends former South African President Nelson Mandela. Her death came almost three months to the day after joining him and 24 other of his closest friends for his private lunch to commemorate his ninetieth birthday. Mandela sent a letter of condolence to Esther's family, and it was read aloud at the funeral in Johannesburg on 7 October 2008:

> Dear Merle and family, We have been deeply saddened by the loss of Comrade Esther. She dedicated her life to the struggle for justice in South Africa, and was a formidable and highly respected resource to the movement with which she was associated for so long. She will be remembered as a great South African and a beloved comrade. Please be assured of our support and solidarity during this difficult time. Sincerely,
> N R Mandela*\[2\]*

At 14:30 on 19 October 2008, a memorial service was held at Women's Jail, Constitution Hill, Johannesburg. In his invitation to members of the public to attend the service, the Secretary of the SACP's JHB Branch wrote,

> *We urge comrades to come in numbers to pay tribute to the late veteran of the peoples' struggle.*
> *Viva ANC/SACP/COSATU alliance Viva!*
> *Forward to the dictatorship of the proletariat, Forward!*
> *Amaaaandla!\[3\]*

ANC spokesperson Jesse Duarte described Barsel as "a tireless political activist who remained engaged in the struggle until the end of her life".

"We pay homage to this gallant revolutionary who was unwavering in her commitment and dedication to the struggle for a democratic and just South Africa," Duarte said in a statement.

Duarte also said the ANC would treasure Barsel's contribution to the struggle for liberation and the building of democracy.

The Young Communist League (YCL) spokesperson Castro Ngobese commended Barsel for defying all odds and giving her life to the struggle for liberation. "She sacrificed her own luxurious and better life given the privileges enjoyed by the tiny white minority in our country during the Apartheid years and committed herself in the struggle of the oppressed," said Ngobese.

The country of Liberia issued a postage stamp in March 2011 honoring Esther as one of the Legendary Heroes of Africa.

## Personal

Barsel and her husband raised their three daughters, Sonya, Linda, Merle, in Yeoville, Johannesburg. Sonya chose to emigrate to the United States with her husband and two children at the height of the apartheid violence, while Barsel's other two daughters chose to stay in South Africa.

Esther was buried in Johannesburg according to Jewish tradition.

## InfoBox

| Esther Barsel | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Esther Luriane
(1924-10-17)17 October 1924
Raguva, Lithuania |
| Died | 6 October 2008 (2008-10-07) (aged 83) |
| Occupation | political activist |


title: Estill, Kentucky

abstract: Estill is an unincorporated community and coal town in Floyd County, Kentucky, United States. Their post office closed in 1995.

text:
# Estill, Kentucky

**Estill** is an unincorporated community and coal town in Floyd County, Kentucky, United States. Their post office closed in 1995.

## InfoBox

| Estill, Kentucky | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| EstillLocation within the state of KentuckyEstillEstill (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 37°27′25″N 82°49′8″W / 37.45694°N 82.81889°W / 37.45694; -82.81889 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Kentucky |
| County | Floyd |
| Elevation | 935 ft (285 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EST) |
| ZIP codes | 41627 |
| GNIS feature ID | 491820 |


title: Eryniopsis

abstract: Eryniopsis is a genus of fungi within the family of Entomophthoraceae and order Entomophthorales. This has been supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis. The genus was circumscribed by American mycologist Richard A. Humber in 1984, and the name of Eryniopsis was derived from its similarity to members of the fungal genus Erynia, and also combined with the Greek word opsis which means "aspect" or "appearance". The genus of Eryniopsis was initially created in 1984, based on Eryniopsis lampyridarum, for species with primary conidia that are multi-nucleate, unitunicate and elongate. They are produced on simple to dichotomously branched conidiophores, and actively ejected. This genus originally contained three species; Eryniopsis lampyridarum, Eryniopsis longispora and Eryniopsis caroliniana. In 1993, two more species that produce elongate secondary conidia were added to Eryniopsis. Eryniopsis transitans was known only from Limoniidae found in Switzerland and also Eryniopsis ptychopterae which was known only from Ptychopteridae and found in Denmark. They both had pear-shaped primary conidia that resemble members of the genus Entomophaga.. The species of Eryniopsis vary in the shapes of primary conidia.

text:
# Eryniopsis

***Eryniopsis*** is a genus of fungi within the family of Entomophthoraceae and order Entomophthorales. This has been supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis (Gryganskyi et al. 2012).

The genus was circumscribed by American mycologist Richard A. Humber in 1984, and the name of *Eryniopsis* was derived from its similarity to members of the fungal genus *Erynia*, and also combined with the Greek word *opsis* which means "aspect" or "appearance".

The genus of *Eryniopsis* was initially created in 1984, based on *Eryniopsis lampyridarum*, for species with primary conidia that are multi-nucleate (ca 4–12 nu-clei), unitunicate (having one wall in the ascus) and elongate (rather than globose (rounded) or pyriform (pear-shaped)). They are produced on simple to dichotomously branched conidiophores, and actively ejected (Humber 1984). This genus originally contained three species; *Eryniopsis lampyridarum*, *Eryniopsis longispora* and *Eryniopsis caroliniana*. In 1993, two more species that produce elongate secondary conidia were added to *Eryniopsis* (Keller & Eilenberg 1993). *Eryniopsis transitans* was known only from *Limoniidae* (formerly a subfamily of crane flies, *Tipulidae*) found in Switzerland and also *Eryniopsis ptychopterae* which was known only from *Ptychopteridae* (phantom crane flies, closely related to *Tipulidae*) and found in Denmark. They both had pear-shaped primary conidia that resemble members of the genus *Entomophaga*. (They were later transferred to that genus).

The species of *Eryniopsis* vary in the shapes of primary conidia.

## Distribution

It has a cosmopolitan distribution, scattered worldwide. With most sightings in America and Europe. Including Switzerland, and Spain.

## Hosts

Species *Eryniopsis lampyridarum* is known to infect (and kills later) the soldier beetle, either species *Chauliognathus marginatus* or goldenrod soldier beetle species, *Chauliognathus pensylvanicus*.

Species *Eryniopsis caroliniana* has been found on (*Diptera* order) 'Tipulidae *hosts in North America, central and western Europe.*

Species *Eryniopsis longispora* has been found on (*Diptera* order) small *Nematocera* hosts in Poland.

## Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum;

Former species; (all family Entomophthoraceae)

## InfoBox

| *Eryniopsis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Entomophthoromycota |
| Class: | Entomophthoromycetes |
| Order: | Entomophthorales |
| Family: | Entomophthoraceae |
| Genus: | *Eryniopsis*
Humber, 1984 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Eryniopsis lampyridarum*
(Thaxt.) Humber (1984) | |


title: Eryngium racemosum

abstract: Eryngium racemosum is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae known by the common name delta eryngo, or delta button celery.

text:
# Eryngium racemosum

***Eryngium racemosum*** is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae known by the common name **delta eryngo**, or **delta button celery**.

## Distribution

It is endemic to California, where it is known from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta region of the Central Valley up to the rise of the Sierra Nevada foothills. It is a plant of vernally wet and flooded areas near the waterways of the valley, habitat which has been altered and in some areas eliminated by human activity. It is also a member of the flora in the rare alkali sink habitat of the delta. The plant has no federal listing but it is listed as an endangered species on the California state level.

There are 26 reported occurrences of the plant, but several of these have been extirpated. Threats to the species include habitat destruction via alteration of water regimes and water diversion, changes to waterways by dredging and other maintenance activities, conversion of land to agriculture, and non-native plant species. The plant relies on the seasonal flooding that would occur naturally in the delta; this flooding is strictly contained and prevented today.

## Description

*Eryngium racemosum* is a mostly prostrate perennial herb with a slender, branching stem spreading to a maximum length near half a meter. The stem may root at nodes that come in contact with moist soil. The serrated or lobed leaves have blades a few centimeters long and are borne on longer petioles. The inflorescence is a raceme of rounded or oval flower heads, each surrounded by five long, narrow, spiny bracts. The flowers in the head bloom in white or purple-tinged petals in June through September.

## InfoBox

| *Eryngium racemosum* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Critically Imperiled  (NatureServe) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Genus: | *Eryngium* |
| Species: | ***E. racemosum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eryngium racemosum***
Jeps. | |
|


title: Ma Hsin-yeh

abstract: Ma Hsin-yeh was born in Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province, and enjoyed a notable career as a pioneering Chinese journalist, educator, publisher, government executive and diplomat. Ma was known as the "King of Journalism" (新聞王), and collectively with his native place compatriots Xie Xia-xun the "Chess King" and Su Bu-qing the "Math King", were known as the "Three Kings of Pingyang" (平陽三王). The Pingyang County Government has also officially named Ma as one of the top-ten most significant cultural-historical figures of the county. Ma adopted his penname Hsin-yeh as his personal name some time following his study abroad at the University of Missouri School of Journalism. The name incorporates the two characters for "stars" and "plain" from a line in the Tang dynasty poet Du Fu's poem Thoughts When Traveling at Night: "Stars hang low above the wide, flat plain, And up rides the moon as the mighty river flows on". Years later in 1984 when Ma was head of the Central News Agency, the School awarded him its highest honor, the Missouri Honor Medal for Distinguished Service in Journalism.

text:
# Ma Hsin-yeh

**Ma Hsin-yeh** (Chinese: 馬星野; pinyin: *Mǎ Xīngyě*; Wade–Giles: *Ma3 Hsing1-yeh3*; September 13, 1909 – March 11, 1991) was born in Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province, and enjoyed a notable career as a pioneering Chinese journalist, educator, publisher, government executive and diplomat. Ma was known as the "King of Journalism" (新聞王), and collectively with his native place compatriots Xie Xia-xun the "Chess King" (謝俠遜; “棋王”) and Su Bu-qing the "Math King" (蘇步青; "數學王"), were known as the "Three Kings of Pingyang" (平陽三王). The Pingyang County Government has also officially named Ma as one of the top-ten most significant cultural-historical figures of the county. Ma adopted his penname Hsin-yeh (星 xīng 野 yě) as his personal name some time following his study abroad at the University of Missouri School of Journalism. The name incorporates the two characters for "stars" and "plain" from a line in the Tang dynasty poet Du Fu's poem *Thoughts When Traveling at Night*: "Stars hang low above the wide, flat plain, And up rides the moon as the mighty river flows on" (星垂平野闊, 月涌大江流). Years later in 1984 when Ma was head of the Central News Agency, the School awarded him its highest honor, the Missouri Honor Medal for Distinguished Service in Journalism.

## Biography

Ma was the second eldest and only son of six children. His father, Ma Yulin (馬毓麟; Ma Minzhong 馬敏中), was a teacher and poet; and, although of modest means, the family placed great emphasis on education. Ma's grandfather, Ma Weifan (馬維藩), assumed primary responsibility for his early education and imposed a strict study regimen. In 1923 at the age of 14 Ma passed the examination to enter the Wenzhou No.10 Middle School, one of the top provincial schools in Zhejiang. His Chinese teacher there was a 26-year-old Chu Tzu-ch'ing, later to become a leading literary figure in the Modernist movement arising from the May Fourth Movement. According to Ma Hsin-yeh, among all his school year teachers, it was Chu Tzu-ch'ing who made the deepest impression on him, and throughout their later lives teacher and student maintained contact.

In 1926 at age 16 Ma first entered Xiamen University which at the time was a haven for prominent scholars and intellectuals seeking refuge from the upheaval brought about by the troops involved in the Northern Expedition. Among these were Lin Yutang, Dean of the Liberal Arts College, and faculty Lu Xun and Gu Jiegang. Unfortunately, due to student unrest forcing closure of the university, Ma's stay amounted to only a few months of self-study. In the very next year, however, he was able to transfer to the newly formed Central Party Affairs School (中央黨務學校, Zhong yang dang wu xue xiao) in Nanjing, forerunner of National Chengchi University. On the occasion of Chiang Kai-shek's first visit to address the student body as School President, Ma Hsin-yeh was assigned to serve as his recording secretary. Chiang was so impressed with him that he ordered Ma to take on the editorship of the school journal. The following year in 1928 Ma graduated at the top of his class. Although a student for only eight months, he later credited this time with molding his intellect for a lifetime.

The historian and May Fourth Movement leader Luo Jialun who had been acting as the Central Party Affairs School Provost, was called to Beijing that winter to assume the presidency of Tsinghua University, and he invited Ma Hsin-yeh to serve as his Secretary, Editor of the *Tsinghua Journal*, and also to pursue further studies. But the very next year in 1929 Ma was called back to his alma mater in Nanjing which was in the process of changing from a Party Affairs School to a School of Politics. Along with other faculty, Ma got his first real experience in publishing as an editor of the school's magazine, *Politics and Public Opinion* (政治與民意, *Zheng zhi yu min yi*). In 1931 Ma Hsin-yeh was selected as one of six candidates to study education and economics in the US; however, following his own interests, Ma requested to attend the University of Missouri School of Journalism. In his two years at Missouri Ma took classes in both journalism and international politics. He was particularly impressed by the practical approach to journalistic education which centered on the various roles involved in the actual production of the school newspaper, the *University Missourian*.

Ma Hsin-yeh's contributions as an educator began soon after his graduation from Missouri in 1933. In May of the next year, amidst the escalating Sino-Japanese War, he was once again called back to Nanjing, and at the behest of Chiang Kai-shek headed the newly created (1935) Journalism Department at the School of Politics. In Chongqing while serving as Director of the Journalism Division of the Kuomintang Central Propaganda Department (國民黨中央宣傳部新聞事業處), Ma founded the Chinese Journalism Association (中國新聞學會) in 1941, and in the following year on behalf of the Association formulated the Chinese Journalists' Creed (中國新聞記者信條), a twelve item code of ethics in the spirit of Missouri School of Journalism founder Walter Williams' 1914 Journalist's Creed but written for the Chinese situation. Well after the move of National Chengchi University to Taipei, Ma remained a guiding figure for the School's Department of Journalism. Through such efforts, Ma Hsin-yeh influenced the development of Chinese journalism into the modern era.

In addition to his educational and organizational work, Ma Hsin-yeh held a number of important executive roles in journalism and government. In 1945 he became publisher of the *Central Daily News* (中央日報社) in Nanjing, and later in the critical 1948–1949 period successfully shepherded it through a challenging move to Taiwan. Among Ma Hsin-yeh's many governmental appointments, his five-year term as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of China to Panama from 1959 to 1964 ranks as one of his most distinguished.

## Family

Ma Hsin-yeh married his wife Gu Zuwen 辜祖文 in 1936 in Nanjing. She was a talented student from Changsha, Hunan, at the Central School of Politics who once won first place in a Nanjing city-wide women college students' oratory competition in memory of the Mukden Incident. Their children include Ma Shang-keng (Ma Shanggeng) 馬上庚 (M), Ma Shao-yeh (Ma Shaoye) 馬少野 (M) and Ma Ta-an (Ma Da'an) 馬大安 (F). Ma Shang-keng (1940–1983) was a leading Chinese-American theoretical physicist and educator in statistical mechanics.

## Selected works

Some works written or edited by Ma Hsin-yeh include:

* *戰時中國報業 Zhan shi zhong guo bao ye* with Cheng Qiheng 程其恒 (1944) 铭真出版社, Gui lin : Ming zhen chu ban she; OCLC 302041584
* *新聞自由論 Xin wen zi you lun* (1948) 南京日報 \[Nanjing\]:Nanjing ri bao; OCLC 370567914
* *新聞與時代 Xin wen yu shi dai* (1970) 雲天出版社 \[Taibei\] Yun tian chu ban she; OCLC 29925972
* *革命故事 Ge ming gu shi* (1980) 中央文物供應社, Tai bei shi : Zhong yang wen wu gong ying she; OCLC 813779763
* *我的留學生活 Wo de liu xue sheng huo* (1981) 中華日報, Tai bei shi : Zhong hua ri bao; OCLC 707416883
* *生命中的第一次（第二集） Sheng ming zhong de di yi ci （di er ji）* (1985) 中華日報社, Tai bei shi : Zhong hua ri bao she; OCLC 818647414
* ‘’說言論自由 : 兼論中共滲透傳播媒體統戰陰謀 Shuo yan lun zi you : jian lun Zhong gong shen tou chuan bo mei ti tong zhan yin mou‘’ (1985) 黎明文化事業公司, Taibei Shi : Li ming wen hua shi ye gong si; OCLC 579736851

## Sources

* *Poetry and prose of the Tang and Song*, Xianyi Yang and Gladys Yang, 1984; Beijing, China:Chinese Literature; Distributed by China International Book Trading Corp.; ISBN 978-7507100624
* *新聞界三老兵 Xin wen jie san lao bing*, Ma Zhisu 馬之驌 \[ed\](1986) 經世書局, Tai bei shi : Jing shi shu ju; LCCN Permalink: https://lccn.loc.gov/87178798; OCLC 814226253
* *馬星野先生紀念集 Ma Xingye xian sheng ji nian ji* Ma Da'an et al 馬大安等 \[eds\](1992）中央日報出版部, Taibei Shi : Zhong yang ri bao chu ban bu
* "Toward a History of the Chinese Press in the Republican Period", Stephen R. MacKinnon; *Modern China* , Jan., 1997, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 3–32, Sage Publications, Inc.; Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/189462
* *The English-language Press Networks of East Asia, 1918–1945*, Peter O'Connor, 2010; Brill/Global Oriental; ISBN 1905246676; ISBN 978-1905246670; doi:10.1163/ej.9781905246670.i-414
* "Print Capitalism, War, and the Remaking of the Mass Media in 1930s China", Chin Sei Jeong; *Modern China* , July 2014, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 393–425, Sage Publications, Inc.; Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24575604
* "Intellectuals and the One-party State in Nationalist China: The Case of the Central Politics School (1927–1947)", Wang Chen-Cheng; *Modern Asian Studies*, November 2014, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 1769–1807, Cambridge University Press; Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24494647
* *星垂平野闊：一代報人馬星野老師 Xing chui ping ye kuo: Yi dai bao ren Ma Xingye lao shi* Huang Chao-heng (Huang Zhaoheng) 黃肇珩, Wu Dehli (Wu Deli) 吳德里 and Ma Ta-an (Ma Da'an) 馬大安等 \[eds: digital book\](2014）義美聯合電子 Taibei Shi : Yi mei lian he dian zi

## InfoBox

| Ma Hsin-yeh (Ma Xingye) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Native name | 馬星野
马星野 |
| Born | Ma Yun-wei 馬允偉 (style name Ma Wei 字馬偉)
(1909-09-13)September 13, 1909
Zhejiang Province, Pingyang County, Wanquan District, Huling Township, Chen’ao Village |
| Died | March 11, 1991(1991-03-11) (aged 81)
Taipei, Taiwan |
| Pen name | 馬星野 |
| Occupation | Journalist, Educator, Publisher, Government Leader |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Citizenship | Republic of China Taiwan |
| Alma mater | Xiamen University (attended)
Central Party School (present National Chengchi University)
University of Missouri |
| Partner | Gu Zuwen 辜祖文 (1911–1991) |
| Children | Ma Shang-keng (Ma Shanggeng) 馬上庚 (M)
Ma Shao-yeh (Ma Shaoye) 馬少野 (M)
Ma Ta-an (Ma Da'an) 馬大安 (Diana Ip; F) |


abstract: This table illustrates the extent to which the substantive provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights and its Protocols are ratified for territories under the control of the members of the Council of Europe.

text:
# Territorial scope of European Convention on Human Rights

This table illustrates the extent to which the substantive provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights and its Protocols are ratified (and therefore in force) for territories under the control of the members of the Council of Europe.

| Member States and
Sovereign Territories | Extent of
ECHR | Right of petition to ECtHR | Protocol 1 (Rights to property, education and elections) | Protocol 4 (Civil imprisonment, freedom of movement, expulsion) | Protocol 6 (Prohibition of death penalty in peacetime) | Protocol 7 (Fair trial rights, spousal equality) | Protocol 12 (Right of non-discrimination) | Protocol 13 (Prohibition of death penalty in all circumstances) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Albania | Full | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Andorra | With Reservations | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Armenia | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Austria | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Azerbaijan, except: | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Belgium | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Bulgaria | Full | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Croatia | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cyprus, except: | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| \-  Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus area | Full (through Turkey) | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  UN Buffer Zone | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Czech Republic | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Denmark | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes |
| \-  Faroe Islands | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes |
| \-  Greenland | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | No | No |
| Estonia | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Finland | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| France, except: | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Clipperton Island | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Guadeloupe | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- French Guiana | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \-  French Polynesia | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- French Southern Territories | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Martinique | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Mayotte | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- New Caledonia | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Réunion | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Saint-Pierre and Miquelon | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| \- Wallis and Futana | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | No | With Reservations | No | No |
| Georgia, except: | Full | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| \-  Abkhazia | With Reservations (through Russia) | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| \-  South Ossetia | With Reservations (through Russia) | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| Germany | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Greece | Full | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Hungary | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Iceland | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Ireland | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Italy | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Latvia | Full | Yes | With Reservations | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Liechtenstein | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Lithuania | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Luxembourg | Full | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes |
| Malta | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Moldova, except: | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| \-  Transnistria | With Reservations (through Russia) | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
|
| Monaco | With Reservations | Yes | No | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Netherlands (European part) | Full | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| \-  Aruba | Full | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| \-  Curaçao | Full | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| \-  Sint Maarten | Full | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| \-  Caribbean Netherlands | Full | Yes | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| North Macedonia | Full | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
|
| Norway, except: | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| \- Bouvet Island | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| \- Peter I Island | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Poland | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Portugal | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Romania | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Russia | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| San Marino | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Serbia | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| \-  Kosovo | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Slovakia | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Slovenia | Full | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Spain | With Reservations | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Sweden | Full | Yes | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Switzerland | Full | Yes | No | No | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes |
| Turkey | Full | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Ukraine | With Reservations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| United Kingdom, except: | Full | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Sovereign Base Areas) (Cyprus) | Full | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Anguilla | Full | Temporary (Until 14 January 2011) | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Bermuda | Full | Temporary (Until 14 January 2011) | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  British Antarctic Territory | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| \-  British Indian Ocean Territory | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| \-  British Virgin Islands | Full | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| \-  Cayman Islands | Full | Yes | With Reservations | No | No | No | No | No |
| \-  Falkland Islands | Full | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Gibraltar | Full | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Guernsey | Full | With Reservations | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Jersey | Full | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Isle of Man | Full | Yes | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Montserrat | Full | Temporary (Until 14 January 2011) | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Pitcairn Island | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| \-  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha,  Ascension Island and  Tristan da Cunha | Full | Temporary (Until 14 January 2011) | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | Full | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| \-  Turks and Caicos Islands | Full | Temporary (Until 14 January 2011) | With Reservations | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
|

1. According to the Law No. 9639 of November 9, 2006, with the title "For the ratification of the protocol No. 13 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms with regard to the removal of death penalty in all circumstances". No reserves were made regarding this Protocol, and it has binding force in all circumstances, according to Article 1 of the Albanian law. Published in the Official Gazette which can be found online at http://qbz.gov.al/botime/fletore\_zyrtare/2006/PDF-2006/127-2006.pdf
2. As occupying power
3. "Vierde Protocol bij het Verdrag tot bescherming van de rechten van de mens en de fundamentele vrijheden, tot het waarborgen van bepaalde rechten en vrijheden die niet reeds in het Verdrag en in het eerste Protocol daarbij zijn opgenomen". *Government of the Netherlands*. Retrieved 23 February 2012.


title: Ethan Kutler

abstract: Ethan Henry Kutler is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder. He played for a season with the New York Red Bulls in Major League Soccer and spent several years with their reserve team.

text:
# Ethan Kutler

**Ethan Henry Kutler** (born May 1, 1995) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder. He played for a season with the New York Red Bulls in Major League Soccer and spent several years with their reserve team.

## Career

### College and amateur

Kutler played college soccer at Colgate University between 2013 and 2016, in the National Premier Soccer League with Greater Binghamton FC, and in the USL Premier Development League with Michigan Bucks.

### Professional

Kutler was drafted in the second round (39th overall) of the 2017 MLS SuperDraft by New York Red Bulls. He made his professional debut with the Red Bulls' United Soccer League affiliate New York Red Bulls II on March 25, 2017, starting at right back in a 3–3 draw with Pittsburgh Riverhounds. On October 22, 2017, Kutler scored his first goal as a professional, helping New York to a 4–0 victory over Charleston Battery in the 2017 USL Playoffs.

On May 1, 2018, Kutler signed with New York Red Bulls on a first team contract. Kutler made his first team debut on June 6, 2018, appearing as a starter in the team's 4–0 derby win over New York City FC in the fourth round of the 2018 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup. On June 13, 2018, Kutler made his first career MLS start, providing two assists in a 2–1 home win over Seattle Sounders FC. On July 6, 2018, Kutler scored his first goal of the season for New York Red Bulls II in a 6–1 victory over Atlanta United 2.

Kutler was released by the Red Bulls at the end of their 2018 season.

On March 8, 2019, Kutler signed for USL Championship club Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC; he had been on trial for a week with Pittsburgh before signing a one-year contract.

### Later career

Kutler retired from professional soccer in 2019 and has played for amateur team Sharktopus FC since 2022.

## Career statistics

*As of March 8, 2019*

| Club | Season | League | | | Playoffs | | Cup | | Continental | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Greater Binghamton FC | 2014 | NPSL | 9 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 9 | 7 |
| Michigan Bucks | 2015 | PDL | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 3 | 0 |
| New York Red Bulls II | 2017 | USL | 15 | 0 | 3 | 1 |  | |  | | 18 | 1 |
| | 2018 | | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | |  | | 7 | 0 |
| | Total | | 22 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 1 |
| New York Red Bulls | 2018 | MLS | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| New York Red Bulls II (loan) | 2018 | USL | 18 | 2 | 3 | 0 |  | |  | | 21 | 2 |
| Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC | 2019 | USL Championship | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | | | 56 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63 | 10 |

## Honors

### Club

**New York Red Bulls**

1. Colgate Bio
2. "Greater Binghamton FC 2014 statistics". *Binghamton.soccermaxwebsites.net*. Greater Binghamton FC. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
3. "Premier Development League 2015 statistics". *USLLeagueTwo.com*. USL League Two. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
4. "New York Red Bulls select Ethan Kutler in the MLS Draft". *newyorkredbulls.com*. January 13, 2017. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
5. "Pittsburgh Riverhounds vs. New York Red Bulls II". *uslsoccer.com*. March 25, 2017. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
6. "Title Defense Begins for NYRB II with 4–0 Win at Charleston". *newyorkredbulls.com*. October 22, 2017. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
7. "New York Red Bulls sign right back Ethan Kutler from Red Bulls II side". *mlssoccer.com*. May 1, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2018.
8. "New York Red Bulls Bounce Back and Defeat New York City FC in the U.S. Open Cup". *newyorkredbulls.com*. June 7, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
9. "Ethan Kutler Shines in First MLS Start". *newyorkredbulls.com*. June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
10. "NYRB II Score Six, Roll ATL UTD 2". *newyorkredbulls.com*. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
11. "New York Red Bulls Announce End of Season Roster Updates". *NewYorkRedBulls.com*.
12. Riverhounds staff (March 8, 2019). "Hounds sign three trialists to 2019 roster". *Riverhounds.com*. Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
13. Battista, Michael (October 16, 2023). "Bonding & Growing Under the Banner of Sharktopus FC". U.S. Soccer. Retrieved October 16, 2023.
14. Ethan Kutler at Soccerway
15. Ethan Kutler at Major League Soccer

## InfoBox

Ethan Kutler
|  | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1995-05-01) May 1, 1995 | | |
| Place of birth | Cooperstown, New York, United States | | |
| Height | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Sharktopus FC | | |
| College career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2013–2016 | Colgate Raiders | 73 | (33) |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2014 | Greater Binghamton FC | 9 | (7) |
| 2015 | Michigan Bucks | 3 | (0) |
| 2017–2018 | New York Red Bulls II | 22 | (0) |
| 2018 | New York Red Bulls | 4 | (0) |
| 2018 | New York Red Bulls II (loan) | 18 | (2) |
| 2019 | Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC | 0 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of March 8, 2019 | | | |


title: Ethan Lewis

abstract: Ethan Lewis is a Welsh rugby union player who plays as a hooker for Ospreys. He was a Wales under-18 and under-20 international. Lewis made his debut for the Cardiff Blues in 2014 having previously played for their academy and Cardiff RFC. He joined Saracens, firstly on loan, in 2021, before joining permanently. In 2023, he signed for the Ospreys.

text:
# Ethan Lewis

**Ethan Lewis** (born 28 March 1994) is a Welsh rugby union player who plays as a hooker for Ospreys. He was a Wales under-18 and under-20 international.

Lewis made his debut for the Cardiff Blues in 2014 having previously played for their academy and Cardiff RFC.

He joined Saracens, firstly on loan, in 2021, before joining permanently.

In 2023, he signed for the Ospreys.

## InfoBox

Ethan Lewis
| Full name | Ethan Lewis |
| --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1994-03-28) 28 March 1994 |
| Place of birth | Church Village, Wales |
| Height | 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) |
| Weight | 105 kg (16 st 7 lb; 231 lb) |
| School | Treorchy Comprehensive School |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)**  Hooker  **Current team** Ospreys  Youth career  Cardiff Blues U-18  Amateur team(s)  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  Treorchy RFC   ()  2012- Cardiff RFC  57  (10)  Senior career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2014–2022 Cardiff Blues  46  (10)  2021–2022 Saracens (loan)   ()  2022-2023 Saracens   ()  2023- Ospreys   ()  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2012-13 Wales U18    2013-14 Wales U20  14  (5) | |


title: MYH16 gene

abstract: The MYH16 gene encodes a protein called myosin heavy chain 16, which is a muscle protein in mammals. At least in primates, it is a specialized muscle protein found only in the temporalis and masseter muscles of the jaw. Myosin heavy chain proteins are important in muscle contraction, and if they are missing, the muscles will be smaller. In non-human primates, MYH16 is functional and the animals have powerful jaw muscles. In humans, the MYH16 gene has a mutation that causes the protein not to function. Although the exact importance of this change in accounting for differences between humans and other apes is not yet clear, such a change may be related to increased brain size and finer control of the jaw, which facilitates speech. It is not clear how the MYH16 mutation relates to other changes to the jaw and skull in early human evolution. The initial discovery of the human MYH16 mutation was published in 2004 by a team at the University of Pennsylvania led by Hansell H. Stedman. The date of the mutation has variously been estimated at 2.4 million years ago or 5.3 million years ago. The MYH16 gene is present in dogs, but does not appear to be present in mice.

text:
# MYH16 gene

The **MYH16 gene** encodes a protein called myosin heavy chain 16, which is a muscle protein in mammals. At least in primates, it is a specialized muscle protein found only in the temporalis and masseter muscles of the jaw. Myosin heavy chain proteins are important in muscle contraction, and if they are missing, the muscles will be smaller. In non-human primates, MYH16 is functional and the animals have powerful jaw muscles. In humans, the MYH16 gene has a mutation that causes the protein not to function. Although the exact importance of this change in accounting for differences between humans and other apes is not yet clear, such a change may be related to increased brain size and finer control of the jaw, which facilitates speech. It is not clear how the MYH16 mutation relates to other changes to the jaw and skull in early human evolution (for example, whether the MYH16 mutation happened first and led to other changes, or whether the MYH16 mutation happened after other changes made the MYH16 protein no longer necessary).

The initial discovery of the human MYH16 mutation was published in 2004 by a team at the University of Pennsylvania led by Hansell H. Stedman. The date of the mutation has variously been estimated at 2.4 million years ago or 5.3 million years ago.

The MYH16 gene is present in dogs, but does not appear to be present in mice.

## InfoBox

| MYH16 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | MYH16, MHC20, MYH16P, MYH5, myosin, heavy chain 16 pseudogene, myosin heavy chain 16 pseudogene, MYH16 gene | | |
| External IDs | GeneCards: MYH16; OMA:MYH16 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     n/a   n/a   RefSeq (protein)     n/a   n/a   Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 99.24 – 99.31 Mb n/a  PubMed search  n/a | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human | | | |


title: Esplai

abstract:
An esplai is a non-profit voluntary association that works in the field of educating children during their free time. It has its origins in the Scout Movement, and has been popular in certain areas of Spain since the 1960s. "ESPLAC, Esplais Catalans" is the largest and most representative federation in Catalonia. How it works and activities: The Esplai is an entity that works with children and has different ways of work. It could be compared to an extra-curricular activity or summer camps, and it is often known as a place where children can partake in weekly gatheringsfor two to three hours every weekend. Children and teenagers can take part in activities that are dinamized by a monitor, who works in a given group as a referent. Along all kinds of activities they participate in, children and teens are guided to achieve some values, norms and attitudes set previosuly by the monitor, which follow the entity's plans and guidelines. Many of these gatherings can take place outside their habitual place, due to most of these activities not being dependant on where they are carried out. The most popular activities are: Games. Both for fun and for personal and interpersonal development.
-	Workshop
-	Excursion in the nature, to know it.
-	Sports
-	To promote healthy habits, promote sportsmanship and improve cohesion. The Esplais are aimed to fulfill a community service and educate children and teenagers to grow up with another perspective in life and with a higher social commitment with their environment. Educacional Ideas: Every entity has their own ideologies, where they expose their objectives, values or anything else they want to work towards. All these aspects are collected and explained in a document called PEC. In that document, the entity analizes their social environment, as well as short and long term objectives. Apart from these entity ideals, the monitors lay out specific objectives related to the characteristics of each age group, and they plan the activities to focus the items that they want to work on. When planning activities, they have to be adapted to the corresponding age group, and the PEC and objectives help their development to target and work with themes that are interesting for them or that they want to learn about. Usually, families are considered part of the Esplai as well, as its whole concept is thought not to be considered as a babysitting service, but as an educational space through leisure. History: The Esplai concept was born in 1876 with the organization Appenzell (Swiss). However, it wasn't until 1960 that they were recognized with their current name.

text:
# Esplai

An **esplai** is a non-profit voluntary association that works in the field of educating children during their free time. It has its origins in the Scout Movement, and has been popular in certain areas of Spain since the 1960s. "ESPLAC, Esplais Catalans" is the largest and most representative federation in Catalonia.

**How it works and activities:** The Esplai is an entity that works with children and has different ways of work. It could be compared to an extra-curricular activity or summer camps, and it is often known as a place where children can partake in weekly gatheringsfor two to three hours every weekend. Children and teenagers can take part in activities that are dinamized by a monitor, who works in a given group as a referent. Along all kinds of activities they participate in, children and teens are guided to achieve some values, norms and attitudes set previosuly by the monitor, which follow the entity's plans and guidelines. Many of these gatherings can take place outside their habitual place, due to most of these activities not being dependant on where they are carried out.

The most popular activities are: Games. Both for fun and for personal and interpersonal development. \- Workshop \- Excursion in the nature, to know it. \- Sports \- To promote healthy habits, promote sportsmanship and improve cohesion.

The Esplais are aimed to fulfill a community service and educate children and teenagers to grow up with another perspective in life and with a higher social commitment with their environment.

**Educacional Ideas*:*** Every entity has their own ideologies, where they expose their objectives, values or anything else they want to work towards. All these aspects are collected and explained in a document called PEC (Educational project of the center/ Projecte Educatiu del Centre). In that document, the entity analizes their social environment, as well as short and long term objectives.

Apart from these entity ideals, the monitors lay out specific objectives related to the characteristics of each age group, and they plan the activities to focus the items that they want to work on. When planning activities, they have to be adapted to the corresponding age group, and the PEC and objectives help their development to target and work with themes that are interesting for them or that they want to learn about. Usually, families are considered part of the Esplai as well, as its whole concept is thought not to be considered as a babysitting service, but as an educational space through leisure .

**History:** The Esplai concept was born in 1876 with the organization Appenzell (Swiss). However, it wasn't until 1960 that they were recognized with their current name.

## Overview

In 2023, the Esplais had over 45,000 members in Catalonia, where the Scout Movement co-exists and is very popular as well.

Esplac, also known as Esplais Catalans is a full member of the International Falcon Movement - Socialist Education International and has a presidium member for the Europe Region along with their sister organisation in the UK Woodcraft Folk.

Esplais have less of a hierarchical structure than the Scouts, but they work in a similar way. They play games, do arts and crafts, have discussions and go on trips. There is a pedagogical aim behind it which promotes the integral development of the child. Typically, an Esplai centre can have about 100 children and 20 educators.

## InfoBox

Esplai
| Type | Non-profit voluntary association |
| --- | --- |
| Purpose | Educating children during their free time |
| Region | Catalan Countries |
| Membership (2022) | 45,000 |


title: Espiye

abstract: Espiye is a town in Giresun Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Espiye District. Its population is 26,671 (2022).

text:
# Espiye

**Espiye** is a town in Giresun Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Espiye District. Its population is 26,671 (2022).

## Etymology

"Espiye" and its earlier spelling, "Esbüyeli", are the Turkish names for the district. Espiye is thought to be formed from two parts: "Esb", a Persian word meaning "horse" and the Turkish "-yeli" and "-yelü" suffix meaning "from" or "of", or possibly the suffix "yalı", a radix or generic word meaning "shore" or "waterside". So, Esbüyeli means "the land of horses" or "stables" or, alternatively, "the stables on the waterside".

## History

### Antiquity

There is very limited information about the ancient history of Espiye, but slightly more of the larger nearby town of Tirebolu.

The area was part of the Roman Empire and its successors, the Byzantine Empire and the Empire of Trebizond. Copper was mined here in the 1st century AD, and Andoz Castle was later built on the west side of the modern day town, a sister castle of Tripolis (modern day Tirebolu), and Bedrama (or Bedrum) in the Harşit valley to the east of Espiye. However, the castle was too small to be the heart of a civil settlement. Measuring only 90 feet (27.43 m) by 20 feet (6.09 m), it was most likely used as a watchtower for advance warning of invading ships on the Black Sea.

### The Turkish era

In the Ottoman Land Registry of 1515, "Esbüyeli" has been defined as "Çepni Eli" ("Chepni Province" or "Chepni's Homeland") and registered to *Mustafa Bey I, son of Eshter Bey*. The Chepni were a branch of the Oghuz Turks which between the 12th and 16th centuries settled in Kürtün in the mountains to the south of Espiye. The Chepni had a powerful cavalry of ten thousand horses, and therefore captured many districts on the Black Sea coast too, establishing the Anatolian beylik of Haci Emirli in Mesudiye to the west of Giresun.

In 1397, Suleyman Bey, commander of the Haci Emirli Beylik in the name of the Ottoman Empire, attacked the Greek armies of Trebizond and conquered Giresun. With this victory, the Ottomans took control of the coastal zone and Suleyman Bey was named "Conqueror of Giresun" by the Chepni, in respect to their victorious leader. However, Espiye was still within the territory of the Empire of Trebizond.

Sixty-four years later, in 1461, the Ottoman Emperor Fatih Sultan Mehmet moved against Trebizond in order to control the northeast end of his empire and quickly brought the Black Sea coast into the Ottoman Empire. Mehmet then gave control of the lands of Giresun, including Espiye, to the Chepnis in return for their support during the expedition. Moreover, he exempted them from paying taxes.

According to the registry of 1515, Espiye was a very small village consisting of sixteen houses plus six houses in the Andoz Castle; meaning, the population of Espiye must have been 80–100, a village in the district of Tirebolu. After the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, Espiye was still a subdistrict of Tirebolu but, in 1957, it became a district in its own right.

## Geography

The small plain between the rivers Yağlıdere and Gelevara, Espiye has typical characteristics of the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey, both in its hilly topography and its wet climate.

The town of Espiye is on the Black Sea coast, 28 km (17 mi) from Giresun. The Samsun-Trabzon Black Sea coast highway runs through here. Behind the town the land sharply rises to the south up into the Giresun Mountains. The highest point is Akılbaba Tepesi.

The countryside is very attractive in all shades of green; the higher mountainous area is mainly covered with dense forests of pines, firs, spruces, chestnuts, oaks, hornbeams, rhododendrons, beeches, and alders, while the coastal zone (up to 20–30 km inland) is densely planted with hazelnut trees and some tea.

The climate is generally rainy all year round; it is cool and rainy in summer and warm and rainy in winter in the coastal zones, but snowy in the mountainous area in the south.

The local cuisine includes the pizza-style pide and of course fish from the Black Sea.

## InfoBox

| Espiye | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| The appearance of Espiye from the Black Sea | |
| EspiyeLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 40°57′N 38°44′E / 40.950°N 38.733°E / 40.950; 38.733 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Giresun |
| District | Espiye |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Erol Karadere (CHP) |
| Elevation | 10 m (30 ft) |
| Population (2022) | 26,671 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 28600 |
| Area code | 0454 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | www.espiye.bel.tr |


title: Esplais Catalans

abstract: Esplais Catalans is a non-religious and progressive association where volunteerism is our way of work to change the society. In the entity, the esplai is a citizen school for children, youth, families and leaders; a popular education way. Esplais Catalans is the result of the esplais’ and people's willingness to have exchanging, learning and join action places. Equality, freedom, associative participation, environmental education and Children's Rights are promoted in Esplais Catalans.

text:
# Esplais Catalans

**Esplais Catalans** is a non-religious and progressive association where volunteerism is our way of work to change the society. In the entity, the esplai is a citizen school for children, youth, families and leaders; a popular education way. Esplais Catalans is the result of the esplais’ and people's willingness to have exchanging, learning and join action places. Equality, freedom, associative participation, environmental education and Children's Rights are promoted in Esplais Catalans.

## InfoBox

Esplais Catalans
| Type | Non-governmental organization |
| --- | --- |
| Purpose | Education |
| Headquarters | Barcelona |
| Location | * Spain |
| Region | Catalonia |
| Membership | 6,500 |
| Affiliations | International Falcon Movement |
| Staff | 1,600 |
| Website | www.esplac.cat/ |


title: Terry Farman

abstract: Terry Farman is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Farman was a defender, recruited to Geelong from the nearby Queenscliff Football Club. He played every game in the 1967 VFL season, including the grand final, where he was one of Geelong's half back flankers in a losing team. In 1969 he played in the opening 15 rounds before he was struck down with tonsillitis, ending a run of 58 consecutive games. He continued to be a regular fixture in the side over the next two seasons but would then struggle with injuries.

text:
# Terry Farman

**Terry Farman** (born 4 January 1946) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Farman was a defender, recruited to Geelong from the nearby Queenscliff Football Club. He played every game in the 1967 VFL season, including the grand final, where he was one of Geelong's half back flankers in a losing team. In 1969 he played in the opening 15 rounds before he was struck down with tonsillitis, ending a run of 58 consecutive games. He continued to be a regular fixture in the side over the next two seasons but would then struggle with injuries.

## InfoBox

| Terry Farman | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Terry P. Farman | | |
| Date of birth | (1946-01-04) 4 January 1946 | | |
| Original team(s) | Queenscliff | | |
| Height | 183 cm (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Weight | 78 kg (172 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1965–1973 | Geelong | 133 (9) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1973. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


abstract: The Essex County Register of Deeds and Mortgages is an elected, statutory officer in Essex County, New Jersey, USA who is responsible under the law for recording, filing, and preserving all property transactions within the 22 municipalities of the County. The term of office is five years. Essex County is one of the two counties in New Jersey to have this office; in the other 19 counties, the Office of County Clerk is responsible for recording.

text:
# Essex County Register of Deeds and Mortgages

The **Essex County Register of Deeds and Mortgages** is an elected, statutory officer in Essex County, New Jersey, USA who is responsible under the law for recording, filing, and preserving all property transactions within the 22 municipalities of the County. The term of office is five years. Essex County is one of the two counties in New Jersey to have this office; in the other 19 counties, the Office of County Clerk is responsible for recording.

## History

2015-date: Dana Rone (Democrat), Elected 2014. Rone is a former Newark City Councilwoman. She defeated Republican James Boydston with 74.4% of the vote.

2013-2014: William Narvaez (Democrat), became Acting Register following Thigpen's death and served until Rone took the oath of office in January 2015.

2010-2013: Philip J. Thigpen (Democrat), elected 2009. Thigpen, the Essex County Democratic Chairman, became the replacement candidate for Register after the winner of the 2009 primary, Dwight C. Brown, died after the Democratic primary at age 62. Thigpen defeated Republican Terriann Moore-Abrams by a 69%-28% margin.

1995-2010: Carole A. Graves (Democrat), elected 1999, Re-elected 2004. Graves was the former President of the Newark Teachers Union. She was not a candidate for re-election in 2010.

1975-1995: Larrie W. Stalks (Democrat), Elected 1974, Re-elected 1979, 1984, 1989 and 1994. She was not a candidate for re-election in 1999. She defeated Republican John Taliaferro in 1974, and just narrowly won in 1979 against Republican Hymen B. Mintz. a former Assemblyman who had served as County Register from 1970 to 1975; Mintz had run on a single platform of eliminating the office.

1970-1975: Hymen B. Mintz (Republican), Elected 1969. Did not seek re-election in 1974.

1968-1970: Vacant

1960-1968: Madaline A. Williams (Democrat), Elected 1960, Re-elected 1965. Died in office in 1968.