title: Howard Dayton

abstract: Howard Dayton, was raised in Daytona Beach, Florida. After graduating from the School of Hotel Administration at Cornell University in 1967, he served two and a half years as a naval officer. In 1969, Howard developed The Caboose, a railroad-themed restaurant, in Orlando. In 1972, he began his commercial real estate development career, specializing in office development in central Florida. In 1970, Dayton began to meet with a group of businessmen, who introduced him to Jesus Christ as his savior. Three years later his business partner challenged him to study the Scriptures to discover what God teaches about handling money. They discovered that the Bible contained 2,350 verses dealing with money and possessions, and Dayton's life profoundly changed. God gave him a passion to share the principles he discovered, leading him to write eight books and six small-group studies, which have been translated into dozens of languages. Dayton founded Crown Ministries in 1985 and developed a small-group financial study. Dayton served, without salary, as CEO of Crown. Crown Ministries merged with Larry Burkett's Christian Financial Concepts in September 2000 to form Crown Financial Ministries, the world's largest financial ministry at that time. During Dayton's tenure as CEO, the ministry taught Bible-based principles of handling money and operating a business to more than 50 million people in 88 countries. Dayton was named among the Top 20 CEOs of Christian Organizations, and the ministry was recognized as one of the “Best Christian Workplaces”. Dayton served unsalaried as Crown's CEO until 2007, when he transitioned from that role. In 2008, he received an honorary doctorate from Asbury University. In 2009, Dayton founded a new ministry, Compass - finances God's way, serving as the CEO in a full-time volunteer capacity. The vision of Compass is to teach people worldwide how to handle money and operate businesses God's way. On March 28, 2014, Asbury University dedicated the Dayton School of Business. Dayton has two adult children and four grandchildren and resides in Orlando, Florida.

text:
# Howard Dayton

**Howard Dayton** (born October 7, 1943, in Albany, Georgia), was raised in Daytona Beach, Florida. After graduating from the School of Hotel Administration at Cornell University in 1967, he served two and a half years as a naval officer. In 1969, Howard developed The Caboose, a railroad-themed restaurant, in Orlando. In 1972, he began his commercial real estate development career, specializing in office development in central Florida.

In 1970, Dayton began to meet with a group of businessmen, who introduced him to Jesus Christ as his savior. Three years later his business partner challenged him to study the Scriptures to discover what God teaches about handling money. They discovered that the Bible contained 2,350 verses dealing with money and possessions, and Dayton's life profoundly changed. God gave him a passion to share the principles he discovered, leading him to write eight books and six small-group studies, which have been translated into dozens of languages.

Dayton founded Crown Ministries in 1985 and developed a small-group financial study. Dayton served, without salary, as CEO of Crown. Crown Ministries merged with Larry Burkett's Christian Financial Concepts in September 2000 to form Crown Financial Ministries, the world's largest financial ministry at that time. During Dayton's tenure as CEO, the ministry taught Bible-based principles of handling money and operating a business to more than 50 million people in 88 countries. Dayton was named among the Top 20 CEOs of Christian Organizations, and the ministry was recognized as one of the “Best Christian Workplaces”.

Dayton served unsalaried as Crown's CEO until 2007, when he transitioned from that role. In 2008, he received an honorary doctorate from Asbury University.

In 2009, Dayton founded a new ministry, Compass - finances God's way, serving as the CEO in a full-time volunteer capacity. The vision of Compass is to teach people worldwide how to handle money and operate businesses God's way.

On March 28, 2014, Asbury University dedicated the Dayton School of Business.

Dayton has two adult children and four grandchildren and resides in Orlando, Florida.

## Radio

Upon Larry Burkett's death in 2003, Dayton followed Burkett as the host of *Money Matters*, a 20-year radio program with co-host Steve Moore, featuring call-in questions from listeners. The broadcast peaked in 2007, carried on 2,000 stations and outlets, with a weekly audience of about 2 million.

In 2011, Dayton joined Steve Moore again to start a new nationally syndicated call-in radio program, *MoneyWise*. It aired on 850 Christian radio stations and outlets, with an estimated weekly listening audience of 875,000. Howard selected Rob West as his successor host in 2017, and the broadcast was acquired by Kingdom Advisors, where West serves as president.

Dayton also hosted *HeyHoward*, a one-minute feature carried on approximately 1,100 stations and outlets.

## Global Compass

Compass has regional directors in North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Africa, and India, and had expanded into 80 countries as of 2018.

## Publications

**Books**

* *Your Money: Frustration or Freedom* (Tyndale House Publishers)
* *Your Money Counts* (Tyndale House Publishers)
* *Free and Clear* (Moody Publishers)
* *Your Money Map* (Moody Publishers)
* *Money and Marriage God's Way* (Moody Publishers)
* *Business God's Way* (Compass)
* *ABCs of Handling Money God’s Way* (Moody Publishers—for children ages 4–7) co-authored with Beverly Dayton
* *The Secret* (Moody Publishers—for children 8-12) co-authored with Beverly Dayton

**Audio Books**

* *Your Money Counts* (Compass – read by author)
* *Business God's way* (Compass – read by author)
* *Money and Marriage God's Way* (Oasis Audio – read by author)
* *Your Money Map* (Oasis Audio – read by author)

**Bibles**

**Studies**

* *Navigating Your Finances God’s Way* – small-group study
* *Money and Marriage God’s Way* – small-group study
* *Business God’s Way* – small-group study
* *Set Your House in Order* – small-group study
* *Charting Your Legacy* – small-group study (for "those entrusted with much")
* *Give, Save & Spend* – for-credit college course developed in collaboration with Dan Lewis and Kyle Hasbrouck

**DVD Series**

* *Navigating Your Finances God's Way*
* *Business God's Way*

1. "Bible requires a servant's heart and a commitment to excellence". *The Barrick Report*. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2006-05-22.
2. "About Us: Our History". *MoneyWise Media LLC*. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
3. "History: About Us". *Kingdom Advisors*. Retrieved 2022-11-05.


title: Jay Weston

abstract: Jay Weston was an American film producer and restaurant critic. He is known for producing Billy Wilder's final comedy, Buddy Buddy, and the Academy Award-nominated Lady Sings the Blues, as well as for his popular restaurant newsletter that focused on the Los Angeles dining scene. He was a regular contributor to the Huffington Post.

text:
# Jay Weston

**Jay Weston** (born **John Martin Weinstein**, March 9, 1929 – February 28, 2023) was an American film producer and restaurant critic. He is known for producing Billy Wilder's final comedy, *Buddy Buddy*, and the Academy Award-nominated *Lady Sings the Blues*, as well as for his popular restaurant newsletter that focused on the Los Angeles dining scene. He was a regular contributor to the *Huffington Post*.

## Early life

Weston grew up in a Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York. His father worked in the garment industry, while his mother was a homemaker and a jazz pianist. His brother, Stanley, would grow up to create the G.I. Joe action figure. Weston graduated from New York University in 1949. While serving in the army during the Korean War, he was editor of a military newspaper, *The Hialean*, that received numerous prestigious recognitions, including three Army Commendation Medals.

## Career

### Early years

Before working in film, Weston worked as a newspaper columnist and as a public relations executive. His first entertainment job was as a Broadway press agent.

When he returned to New York from the war in 1953, he started his career in public relations, in which he founded one of the largest PR firms in the country at that time. He also played a prominent role in Cinerama Inc., the company that created the Cinerama widescreen film process. Weston worked at Cinerama for a decade.

### Film and theater

His years at Cinerama gave Weston a deeper love and appreciation for film, which led him to write *The War Horses,* a screenplay that was subsequently purchased by film producer Joseph E. Levine. *The War Horses* was a story about how the Boer War of Africa was won by the British by remounting their cavalry on American cow ponies. It was to star Richard Burton, Elizabeth Taylor, and John Wayne. Although the script was never produced, Weston's passion for film continued and he went on to create his own independent production company.

Weston became head of ABC's feature film division, Palomar Pictures, in 1967, where his first project became *They Shoot Horses, Don't They?* The film went on to be nominated for eight Academy Awards and win one. Weston then co-produced *For Love of Ivy,* the first major studio production to star two black actors (Sidney Poitier and Abbey Lincoln).

In 1968, Weston returned to New York to produce the Broadway play *Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?*, which launched the career of a then-unknown Al Pacino. The actor went on to win a Tony Award for his performance, even though the play ran for only 39 performances.

Probably his most well-known and acclaimed film, *Lady Sings the Blues*, came in 1972. Starring Diana Ross in her acting debut, the film was a biographical film about jazz singer Billie Holiday and went on to be nominated for five Academy Awards. Weston had originally offered the role to Abbey Lincoln, but she declined.

Weston sued Creative Artists Agency (CAA) in 1979 about the rights to a film and, years later, it was revealed that Weston was "totally ostracized" by the agency.

### Restaurant critic

Weston's love of food led him to found *Jay Weston's Restaurant Newsletter,* which was available by subscription through the mail beginning in the early 1980s. Weston counted many notable Hollywood names as subscribers. His opinion on restaurants was sought by numerous reputable publications, including *The New York Times*.

## Death

Weston died of natural causes at the Motion Picture & Television Fund home in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, on February 28, 2023, at age 93.

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Production |
| --- | --- |
| 1968 | *For Love of Ivy* |
| 1972 | *Lady Sings the Blues* |
| 1976 | *W.C. Fields and Me* |
| 1980 | *Night of the Juggler* |
| 1981 | *Underground Aces* |
| 1981 | *Chu Chu and the Philly Flash* |
| 1981 | *Buddy Buddy* |
| 1990 | *Side Out* |
|

### Television

| Year | Production | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1987 | *Laguna Heat* | Television film |
| 1999 | *Invisible Child* | Television film |
|

## InfoBox

| Jay Weston | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | John Martin Weinstein
(1929-03-09)March 9, 1929
New York City, U.S. |
| Died | February 28, 2023(2023-02-28) (aged 93)
Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Alma mater | New York University |
| Occupations |  |
| Years active | 1960s–2023 |
| Spouse | Ann Weston Begelman  (m. 19701978) |
| Relatives | Stanley Weston (brother) |


title: Huancané District

abstract: Huancané District is one of eight districts of the province Huancané in Peru.

text:
# Huancané District

**Huancané District** (Aymara **Wankani**) is one of eight districts of the province Huancané in Peru.

## Ethnic groups

The people in the district are mainly indigenous citizens of Aymara descent. Aymara is the language which the majority of the population (68.45%) learnt to speak in childhood, 29.65% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language (2007 Peru Census).

## Climate

| Climate data for Huancané, elevation 3,842 m (12,605 ft), (1991–2020) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.0
(59.0) | 15.0
(59.0) | 15.0
(59.0) | 15.4
(59.7) | 15.3
(59.5) | 14.7
(58.5) | 14.6
(58.3) | 15.2
(59.4) | 16.2
(61.2) | 16.5
(61.7) | 17.0
(62.6) | 16.1
(61.0) | 15.5
(59.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.3
(39.7) | 4.2
(39.6) | 3.4
(38.1) | 1.4
(34.5) | −2.5
(27.5) | −4.9
(23.2) | −5.3
(22.5) | −3.8
(25.2) | −0.6
(30.9) | 1.6
(34.9) | 2.6
(36.7) | 3.8
(38.8) | 0.4
(32.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 126.4
(4.98) | 117.3
(4.62) | 92.8
(3.65) | 35.1
(1.38) | 10.2
(0.40) | 4.8
(0.19) | 4.4
(0.17) | 8.0
(0.31) | 23.5
(0.93) | 52.8
(2.08) | 51.3
(2.02) | 105.4
(4.15) | 632
(24.88) |
| Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

15°11′59″S 69°45′47″W / 15.19972°S 69.76306°W / -15.19972; -69.76306

## InfoBox

| Huancané Wankani | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Huancané | |
| Country | Peru |
| Region | Puno |
| Province | Huancané |
| Capital | Huancané |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Alex Gomez Pacoricona |
| Area | |
| Total | 381.62 km2 (147.34 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 3,841 m (12,602 ft) |
| Population (2005 census) | |
| Total | 23,474 |
| Density | 62/km2 (160/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
| UBIGEO | 210601 |


title: News Cafe

abstract: News Cafe is a full-service cafe-bar and cocktail franchise restaurant chain founded in South Africa since 1995. The first News Cafe opened in 1995 in Hatfield, Pretoria, shortly after the lifting of sanctions against South Africa signalled the entry of overseas hospitality franchises such as McDonald's into the South African food service market. In 2009 the first News Cafe was opened in India, followed by the second early in 2010. The News Cafe brand is owned by the operating company Fournews headquartered in Edenvale (Ekurhuleni); it has branches across southern Africa, including a News Cafe in Zimbabwe, Kenya, Gaborone, Botswana and in Ndola, Zambia.

text:
# News Cafe

**News Cafe** is a full-service cafe-bar and cocktail franchise restaurant chain founded in South Africa since 1995.

The first News Cafe opened in 1995 in Hatfield, Pretoria, shortly after the lifting of sanctions against South Africa signalled the entry of overseas hospitality franchises such as McDonald's into the South African food service market. In 2009 the first News Cafe was opened in India, followed by the second early in 2010.

The News Cafe brand is owned by the operating company *Fournews* headquartered in Edenvale (Ekurhuleni); it has branches across southern Africa, including a News Cafe in Zimbabwe, Kenya, Gaborone, Botswana and in Ndola, Zambia.


title: LAE Ultrasport 496T

abstract: The LAE Ultrasport 496T is a Cypriot helicopter that was produced by LAE Helicopters Cyprus of Larnaca. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly. The aircraft was reportedly in production in 2015, but by the end of 2017 production had ended in favour of the new LAE Piranha.

text:
# LAE Ultrasport 496T

The **LAE Ultrasport 496T** is a Cypriot helicopter that was produced by LAE Helicopters Cyprus of Larnaca. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

The aircraft was reportedly in production in 2015, but by the end of 2017 production had ended in favour of the new LAE Piranha.

## Design and development

The Ultrasport 496T is derived from the American Sportscopter Ultrasport 496, replacing the two-stroke powerplant with a turboshaft engine.

The 496T was designed to comply with the European Class 6 microlight helicopter rules. It features a single main rotor and tail rotor, a two-seats-in side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit with a windshield, skid landing gear and a 160 hp (119 kW) Solar T62 turbine engine.

The aircraft fuselage is made from composites. It has a two-bladed main and a ring-mounted tailrotor. The aircraft has a typical empty weight of 260 kg (573 lb) and a gross weight of 450 kg (992 lb), giving a useful load of 190 kg (419 lb).

Reviewer Werner Pfaendler, noted that it has "an exceptional power to weight ratio".

## Specifications (Ultrasport 496T)

*Data from* Tacke

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** one
* **Capacity:** one passenger
* **Empty weight:** 260 kg (573 lb)
* **Gross weight:** 450 kg (992 lb)
* **Powerplant:** 1 × Solar T62 turboshaft engine, 120 kW (160 hp)

## InfoBox

| Ultrasport 496T | |
| --- | --- |
| Role | Helicopter |
| National origin | Cyprus |
| Manufacturer | LAE Helicopters Cyprus |
| Status | Production completed |
| Developed from | American Sportscopter Ultrasport 496 |


title: Tourism Australia

abstract: Tourism Australia is the Australian Government agency responsible for promoting Australian locations as business and leisure travel destinations. The agency is a corporate portfolio agency of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and employs 198 staff. It works closely with the Australian Trade and Investment Commission, the Australian Government's tourism policy and program agency, and State and Territory tourism marketing organisations. Tourism Australia's objectives are to influence and encourage international and domestic travel to Australia, foster a sustainable tourism industry, and develop economic benefits to Australia from tourism. The agency contributes to the implementation of the THRIVE 2030 national Strategy issued in March 2022 which aims to return international and domestic spend in the visitor economy to pre-pandemic levels of $166 billion by 2024 and grow it to $230 billion by 2030. The agency is active in 15 markets, including Australia, where it aims to grow demand for the nation's tourism experiences through international and domestic promotions, advocacy and representation. The latest international campaign uses Ruby the Roo to attract visitors in the "Come and Say G'day" campaign.

text:
# Tourism Australia

**Tourism Australia** is the Australian Government agency responsible for promoting Australian locations as business and leisure travel destinations. The agency is a corporate portfolio agency of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and employs 198 staff (including 80 staff at overseas offices). It works closely with the Australian Trade and Investment Commission, the Australian Government's tourism policy and program agency, and State and Territory tourism marketing organisations.

Tourism Australia's objectives are to influence and encourage international and domestic travel to Australia, foster a sustainable tourism industry, and develop economic benefits to Australia from tourism. The agency contributes to the implementation of the THRIVE 2030 national Strategy (The Re-Imagined Visitor Economy) issued in March 2022 which aims to return international and domestic spend in the visitor economy to pre-pandemic levels of $166 billion by 2024 and grow it to $230 billion by 2030. The agency is active in 15 markets, including Australia, where it aims to grow demand for the nation's tourism experiences through international and domestic promotions, advocacy and representation. The latest international campaign uses Ruby the Roo to attract visitors in the "Come and Say G'day" campaign.

## Organisational history

Tourism Australia was created in 2004 by the *Tourism Australia Act* (Cth) as a merger of four existing tourism organisations – the Australian Tourist Commission, the Bureau of Tourism Research, and the Tourism Forecasting Council, and See Australia. Tourism Australia describes itself as the successor of the Australian Tourist Commission, and hence celebrated what would be the commission's 50-year anniversary in 2017.

In February 2019, Tourism Australia collaborated with *Australian Traveller* to launch a magazine in the United States, *Australia*. Jane Whitehead, regional general manager Americas, Tourism Australia, said "In collaborating with Australian Traveller, we set out to tell quintessentially Aussie travel stories, while highlighting some of the finest hospitality product, in a way that compels travellers to book memorable vacations."

## Campaigns

The organisation caused controversy in 2006 when its advertising campaign "So where the bloody hell are you?" gained media attention following a ban in the United Kingdom.

In January 2010 Tourism Australia displayed a caged kangaroo on a street in Hollywood. The kangaroo was filmed by a concerned member of the public who was reported as saying, "The kangaroo was there in a pen, like a 10 by 12 (foot) pen, straight on the concrete and it was really, really disturbing. It was just disturbing. There were kids who were really upset because this kangaroo was just rocking back and forth and back and forth and back and forth." Australian macropod expert Tim Faulkner, after viewing the video of the kangaroo, said that it was clear the animal was not acting normally, "The animal is obviously distressed, there is no question about it. The sort of stress I see here suggests that it has endured long-term problems."

In 2010, Tourism Australia launched its *There's nothing like Australia* campaign, sourcing its stories and photographs from the Australian public through a competition with strict licensing conditions. The terms and conditions of the competition required the authors to assign all rights, including moral rights, to Tourism Australia and indemnify Tourism Australia against any legal action as a result of its re-using the works, which the Australian Copyright Council stated were extreme conditions and "particularly disturbing given that Tourism Australia is a government body".

A 2019 advertising campaign, entitled *Matesong*, that featured Kylie Minogue, Ashleigh Barty, Adam Hills, Shane Warne, and Ian Thorpe, with a song written by Eddie Perfect, was aired on televisions in the United Kingdom before the Queen's message on Christmas Day. However the advertisement was withdrawn several days later in light of the impact of the 2019–20 Australian bushfires.

## People

Scott Morrison served as managing director of Tourism Australia from 2004 until 2006, when his three-year contract was prematurely terminated. Morrison was subsequently elected as the Member for Cook in the House of Representatives and served as Treasurer until August 2018 when he assumed the role of Prime Minister of Australia.

In January 2014, Tourism Australia announced it had appointed Fox Sports' Chief Operating Officer John O'Sullivan as its Managing Director. In September 2019 Phillipa Harrison was appointed as O'Sullivan's successor, having been the Acting Managing Director of Tourism Australia since his departure in April 2019.

## InfoBox

Tourism Australia
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 23 June 2004 (2004-06-23) |
| Preceding agencies | * Australian Tourist Commission * See Australia * Bureau of Tourism Research * Tourism Forecasting Council |
| Headquarters | Sydney |
| Employees | 162 |
| Annual budget | $161 Million (2019–20) |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Deputy Minister responsible |  |
| Agency executive | * Phillipa Harrison, managing director |
| Parent department | Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade |
| Key document |  |
| Website | tourism.australia.com |


title: Amenhotep, son of Hapu

abstract: Amenhotep, son of Hapu was an ancient Egyptian architect, a priest, a herald, a scribe, and a public official, who held a number of offices under Amenhotep III of the 18th Dynasty. He was posthumously deified as a god of healing.

text:
# Amenhotep, son of Hapu

**Amenhotep, son of Hapu** (transcribed *jmn-ḥtp zꜣ ḥꜣp.w*; fl. early-mid 14th century BC) was an ancient Egyptian architect, a priest, a herald, a scribe, and a public official, who held a number of offices under Amenhotep III of the 18th Dynasty.

He was posthumously deified as a god of healing.

## Life

He is said to have been born at the end of Thutmose III's reign, in the town of Athribis (modern Banha in the north of Cairo). His father was Hapu, and his mother Itu. Though little about Amenhotep's early life is known prior to his entering civil service, it is believed that he learned to read and write at the local library and scriptorium. He was a priest and a Scribe of Recruits (organizing the labour and supplying the manpower for the Pharaoh's projects, both civilian and military). He was also an architect and supervised several building projects, among them Amenhotep III's mortuary temple at western Thebes, of which only two statues remain nowadays, known as the Colossi of Memnon, and the creation of the quarry of El-Gabal el-Ahmar, nearby Heliopolis, from which the blocks used to create the Colossi were probably taken. Other plans, such as the portico of the Temple of Karnak, completed under Ramesses II, and those for the Luxor Temple are also attributed to Amenhotep. He may also have been the architect of the Temple of Soleb in Nubia. Amenhotep is noted to have participated in Amenhotep III's first Sed festival, in the 30th year of the king's rule. After this, he is believed to have retired from civil service and become the steward of Princess Sitamun's properties (similar to an asset manager today), and received honours such as the designation of Fan-bearer on the Right Side of the King, among other things. According to some reliefs in the tomb of Ramose, he may have died in the 31st year of Amenhotep III, which would correspond to either 1360 BC or 1357 BC, depending on the chronology used. His death has also been dated to the 35th year of the king.

## Legacy

After his death, his reputation grew and he was revered for his teachings and as a philosopher. He was also revered as a healer and eventually worshipped as a god of healing, like his predecessor Imhotep (Amenhotep and Imhotep are among the few non-royal Egyptians who were deified after their death, and until the 21st century, they were thought to be only two commoners to achieve this status). There are several surviving statues of him as a scribe, portraying him as a young man and as an older man. He was a deified human and thus was depicted only in human form. His cult was initially limited to the Thebes area, with a funerary temple constructed to him during his lifetime next to that of Amenhotep III. This was clearly an exceptional privilege, as it was the only private cult temple to be built among the royal monuments in the area. He continued to be worshipped for at least three centuries after his death, and evidence of this worship persists in a 26th Dynasty votary inscription on a statue dedicated to Amenhotep by a daughter of the pharaoh. During the period of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, his worship saw a resurgence which led to chapels being dedicated to him in the Temple of Hathor at Deir el-Medina and the Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari. Statues were erected to him in the Temple of Amun at Karnak and he was treated as an intermediary with the god Amun. Amenhotep also utilised his influence with the king to secure royal patronage for the town of Athribis, for the local god, and the temple dedicated to that god.

Manetho gives a legendary account of how Amenhotep advised a king named Amenophis, who was "desirous to become a spectator of the gods, as had Orus, one of his predecessors in that kingdom, desired the same before him". Although Manetho states that Amenophis was the son of Ramses and the father of Sethos(Seti) who was later named Ramses after the father of Amenophis, Amenophis is commonly identified with Akhenaton also known as Amenhotep IV, while Orus fits with the latter's father, Amenhotep III. Manetho relates that the wise man counseled that the king should "clear the whole country of the lepers and of the other impure people" and that the King then sent 80,000 lepers to the quarries. After this the wise man foresaw that the lepers would ally themselves with people coming to their help and subdue Egypt. He put the prophecy into letter to the King and then killed himself. Manetho associates this event with the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt, but Josephus strongly rejects this interpretation.

### Mortuary temple

Amenhotep was allowed to build his mortuary temple adjacent to that of the pharaoh. This honour is quite rare and indicates that Amenhotep was highly respected by the time of his death, despite the fact that he was a commoner and had only entered civil service at an advanced age, in his late forties. Excavated in 1934 or 1935, it measures 45 × 110 metres and is surrounded by three shrines. His first courtyard contained a 25 × 26 m water basin of considerable depth, fed by groundwater from the Nile. Twenty trees were planted in pits around the basin. The temple at the end of the courtyard was adorned with a pillared portico, and the temple was slightly elevated on a terrace.

## Further reading

* J. H. Breasted, *Ancient Records of Egypt*, Part Two, 1906
* Warren R. Dawson, *Bridle of Pegasus*, 1930, pp. 55ff.
* Miriam Lichtheim, *Ancient Egyptian Literature: A Book of Readings: The Late Period*, 1980, University of California Press, Page 104
* Siegfried Morenz, *Egyptian Religion*, 1992 Cornell University Press
* Margaret Alice Murray, 1931, *Egyptian Temples*, 2002 Courier Dover Publications
* Boyo Ockinga, *Amenophis, Son of Hapu: A Biographical Sketch*, The Rundle Foundation for Egyptian Archaeology Newsletter No. 18, February 1986

## InfoBox

| Amenhotep | |
| --- | --- |
| Sculpture of Amenhotep, son of Hapu | |
| Born | c. 1425 BC
Athribis, Lower Egypt |
| Died | c. 1356 BC (aged c. 69)
Thebes?, Egypt |
| Occupation | Polymath |


title: Muay Thai at the 2007 SEA Games

abstract: Muay Thai at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games was held in the Gymnasium 1, Municipality Nakhon Ratchasima Sport Complex, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.

text:
# Muay Thai at the 2007 SEA Games

**Muay Thai** at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games was held in the Gymnasium 1, Municipality Nakhon Ratchasima Sport Complex, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.

## Medal tally

*   Host nation (Thailand)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Thailand* | 10 | 0 | 1 | 11 |
| 2 | Laos | 1 | 3 | 4 | 8 |
| 3 | Philippines | 0 | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 4 | Myanmar | 0 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 5 | Singapore | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 6 | Indonesia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | | 11 | 11 | 18 | 40 |

## Medalists

### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Light flyweight
48 kg | Nattakorn Thongngarm
Thailand | Peta Ounpanya
Laos | Romnick Ghie Pabalate
Philippines |
| | | | Soe Maung Maung
Myanmar |
| Flyweight
51 kg | Sonsiri Rathrong
Thailand | Kyaw Min Htike
Myanmar | Roland Claro
Philippines |
| | | | Bounma Vongchampa
Laos |
| Bantamweight
54 kg | Sattra Paleenaram
Thailand | Brent Velasco
Philippines | Somdy Douangmala
Laos |
| | | | Saw Than Khine Oo
Myanmar |
| Featherweight
57 kg | Wuorawit Chitamnuay
Thailand | Vixay Bounthavy
Laos | Kyaw Thuya Hein
Myanmar |
| | | | Zaidi Laruan
Philippines |
| Lightweight
60 kg | Chatpol Petsongsri
Thailand | Tun Lin
Myanmar | Jay Olod
Philippines |
| | | | Wong Lei Biao
Singapore |
| Light welterweight 63.5 kg | Panupan Tanjad
Thailand | Sengchan Sevonsa
Laos | Louis Wong Jianjun
Singapore |
| | | | Yan Naing Lin
Myanmar |
| Welterweight
67 kg | Somkit Tumanil
Thailand | Thuya Aung
Myanmar | Jay Harold Gregorio
Philippines |
| | | | Hamixay Kheuakham
Laos |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Light flyweight
48 kg | Bounchane Seingpaseuth
Laos | May Libao
Philippines | Winda Merawati Purba
Indonesia |
| | | | Yuphaporn Khottong
Thailand |
| Flyweight
51 kg | Prakaidaw Pramaree
Thailand | Anna Joy Fernandez
Philippines | Brenda Shee Jin Hui
Singapore |
| | | | Paylor Xaypao
Laos |
| Bantamweight
54 kg | Sararat Kongsawang
Thailand | Maricel Subang
Philippines | *none awarded* |
| Featherweight
57 kg | Krittika Sitthan
Thailand | Ana Marie Rey
Philippines | *none awarded* |

## InfoBox

| Muay Thai
at the 2007 SEA Games | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|


title: Tromodesiana

abstract: Tromodesiana is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae. There is one described species in Tromodesiana, T. thomae.

text:
# Tromodesiana

***Tromodesiana*** is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae. There is one described species in *Tromodesiana*, *T. thomae*.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Tromodesiana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tachinidae |
| Genus: | *Tromodesiana*
Townsend, 1931 |
| Species: | ***T. thomae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tromodesiana thomae***
Wiedemann, 1830 | |
|


title: Walraven 2

abstract: The Walraven 2 was a colonial Indonesian, twin-engine cabin monoplane, commissioned by the Chinese-Indonesian aviation pioneer Khouw Khe Hien, designed by Laurens Walraven, and built by personnel of the Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force during the 1930s.

text:
# Walraven 2

The **Walraven 2** was a colonial Indonesian, twin-engine cabin monoplane, commissioned by the Chinese-Indonesian aviation pioneer Khouw Khe Hien, designed by Laurens Walraven, and built by personnel of the Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force during the 1930s.

## Design and development

The Walraven 2 was a two-seat low-wing cabin monoplane powered by two Pobjoy Niagara radial engines. Utilising a Göttingen 681 airfoil, the aircraft was designed by Laurens Walraven, who was Chief Engineer of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force, to the specification of Khouw Khe Hien, son of the millionaire Khouw Kim Goan.

## Operational history

The aircraft first flew on 4 January 1935. Finding the aircraft to be satisfactory, the younger Khouw intended to start an aircraft company in the Netherlands East Indies, to build aircraft designed by Walraven. To promote this venture, the Walraven 2 was flown from Indonesia to the Netherlands and back at the end of 1935. His sister, Khouw Keng Nio, also made a name for herself by becoming the first woman of Chinese or colonial Indonesian nationality to become a certified pilot in March 1936.

However, the factory plan did not materialize after Khouw Khe Hien was killed in an air crash in February 1938. The aircraft was placed in storage shortly thereafter, and was destroyed on 19 February 1942 in a Japanese air attack.

## Specifications

*Data from* 1000aircraftphotos.com

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** 2
* **Length:** 7.8 m (25 ft 7 in)
* **Wingspan:** 11 m (36 ft 1 in)
* **Height:** 2.15 m (7 ft 1 in)
* **Wing area:** 17.7 m2 (191 sq ft)
* **Airfoil:** Göttingen 681
* **Empty weight:** 626 kg (1,380 lb)
* **Gross weight:** 1,100 kg (2,425 lb)
* **Powerplant:** 2 × Pobjoy Niagara III seven-cylinder radial piston engine 7-cyl. air-cooled radial piston engine, 66 kW (88 hp) each

**Performance**

* **Maximum speed:** 250 km/h (160 mph, 130 kn)
* **Cruise speed:** 200 km/h (120 mph, 110 kn)
* **Range:** 1,800 km (1,100 mi, 970 nmi)
* **Service ceiling:** 6,000 m (20,000 ft)

Notes Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Walraven 2 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Role | Twin-engined cabin monoplane |
| National origin | Dutch East Indies (present Indonesia) |
| Designer | L W Walraven |
| First flight | 4 January 1935 |
| Status | Destroyed |
| Number built | 1 |


title: North Ottawa County USD 239

abstract: North Ottawa County USD 239 is a public unified school district headquartered in Minneapolis, Kansas, United States. The district includes the communities of Minneapolis, Delphos, Ada, Lindsey, Sumnerville, Wells, and nearby rural areas.

text:
# North Ottawa County USD 239

**North Ottawa County USD 239** is a public unified school district headquartered in Minneapolis, Kansas, United States. The district includes the communities of Minneapolis, Delphos, Ada, Lindsey, Sumnerville, Wells, and nearby rural areas.

## Schools

The school district operates the following schools:

* Minneapolis High School
* Minneapolis Elementary School

## InfoBox

| North Ottawa County USD 239 | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
| 716 E. 7th St. Minneapolis, Kansas, 67467<br>United States | |
| Coordinates | 39°7′39″N 97°41′55″W / 39.12750°N 97.69861°W / 39.12750; -97.69861 |
| District information | |
| Type | Public |
| Grades | to 12 |
| Schools | 2 |
| Other information | |
| Website | usd239.org |


title: Pernastela howensis

abstract: Pernastela howensis, also known as the Lord Howe pinhead snail, is a tiny species of land snail that is endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea.

text:
# Pernastela howensis

***Pernastela howensis***, also known as the **Lord Howe pinhead snail**, is a tiny species of land snail that is endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea.

## Description

The trochoidal shell of the mature snail is 1.8–2.1 mm in height, with a diameter of 3–3.3 mm, and a raised spire. It is cream to pale golden-brown in colour. The whorls are shouldered and sutures impressed, with widely spaced radial ribs. It has an roundly lunate aperture, flattened on the upper side by the reflected lip, and a moderately wide umbilicus. The animal is unknown.

## Distribution and habitat

The snail is known only from three worn shells collected from the summit of Mount Gower in 1912, and it may be extinct.

## InfoBox

| *Pernastela howensis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Punctidae |
| Genus: | *Pernastela* |
| Species: | ***P. howensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pernastela howensis***<br>Iredale, 1944 | |
|
|  | |
| Location of Lord Howe Island | |


title: Howard Shu

abstract: Howard Shu is an American badminton player. Shu began playing badminton at age 8. His father, who played in Taiwan, encouraged Shu to join him at local badminton clubs, and entered him into the Junior Nationals. Shu competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

text:
# Howard Shu

**Howard Shu** (born November 28, 1990) is an American badminton player. Shu began playing badminton at age 8. His father, who played in Taiwan, encouraged Shu to join him at local badminton clubs, and entered him into the Junior Nationals. Shu competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

## Achievements

### Pan American Games

*Men's singles*

| Year | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | Atos Markham Pan Am Centre, Toronto, Canada | Kevin Cordón | 21–19, 14–21, 18–21 | **Bronze** |

*Mixed doubles*

| Year | Venue | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2019 | Polideportivo 3,
Lima, Peru | Paula Lynn Obañana | Nyl Yakura
Kristen Tsai | 15–21, 15–21 | **Bronze** |

### Pan Am Championships

*Men's singles*

| Year | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | Manuel Bonilla Stadium, Lima, Peru | Kevin Cordón | 15–21, 21–18, 13–21 | **Bronze** |
| 2013 | Palacio de los Deportes Virgilio Travieso Soto, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | Osleni Guerrero | 15–21, 17–21 | **Bronze** |
| 2014 | Markham Pan Am Centre, Markham, Canada | Osleni Guerrero | 14–21, 14–21 | **Bronze** |

*Mixed doubles*

| Year | Venue | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2013 | Palacio de los Deportes Virgilio Travieso Soto,
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | Eva Lee | Toby Ng
Alex Bruce | 21–9, 14–21, 21–8 | **Silver** |

### BWF Grand Prix (1 runner-up)

The BWF Grand Prix had two levels, the Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It was a series of badminton tournaments sanctioned by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) and played between 2007 and 2017.

*Mixed doubles*

| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 | U.S. Open Grand Prix | Eva Lee | Peter Käsbauer
Isabel Herttrich | 12–21, 14–21 | **Runner-up** |

BWF Grand Prix Gold tournament   BWF Grand Prix tournament

### BWF International Challenge/Series (11 titles, 9 runners-up)

*Men's singles*

| Year | Tournament | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | Carebaco International | Rodolfo Ramírez | 14–21, 21–17, 22–20 | **Winner** |
| 2013 | Santo Domingo Open | Osleni Guerrero | 12–21, 21–23 | **Runner-up** |
| 2014 | Puerto Rico International | Ygor Coelho | 16–21, 19–21 | **Runner-up** |
| 2015 | Giraldilla International | Osleni Guerrero | 16–21, 16–21 | **Runner-up** |
| 2015 | Nigeria International | Luka Wraber | 17–21, 21–14, 21–13 | **Winner** |
| 2015 | New Caledonia International | Yang Chih-hsun | 21–9, 21–19 | **Winner** |
| 2015 | Puerto Rico International | Kevin Cordón | 17–21, 15–21 | **Runner-up** |
| 2015 | Suriname International | Osleni Guerrero | 11–21, 16–21 | **Runner-up** |
| 2015 | South Africa International | Emre Vural | 21–11, 21–16 | **Winner** |
| 2015 | Botswana International | Rosario Maddaloni | 21–14, 21–11 | **Winner** |
| 2019 | El Salvador International | Uriel Canjura | 11–21, 21–11, 13–21 | **Runner-up** |
| 2020 | Internacional Mexicano | Job Castillo | 7–21, 21–15, 11–21 | **Runner-up** |
|
| 2023 | French Guiana International | Camilo Borst | 21–12, 21–16 | **Winner** |

*Mixed doubles*

| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 | Guatemala International | Eva Lee | Phillip Chew
Jamie Subandhi | 10–11, 11–5, 11–10, 8–11, 11–5 | **Winner** |
| 2016 | Yonex / K&D Graphics International | Jamie Subandhi | Evgenij Dremin
Evgenia Dimova | 6–21, 20–22 | **Runner-up** |
| 2019 | Uganda International | Paula Lynn Obañana | Vinson Chiu
Breanna Chi | 21–9, 21–12 | **Winner** |
| 2019 | Mauritius International | Paula Lynn Obañana | Vinson Chiu
Breanna Chi | 17–21, 16–21 | **Runner-up** |
| 2019 | Peru International | Paula Lynn Obañana | Fabrício Farias
Jaqueline Lima | 21–17, 22–20 | **Winner** |
| 2019 | Benin International | Paula Lynn Obañana | Pit Seng Low
Louisa Ma | 21–12, 21–13 | **Winner** |
| 2019 | Côte d'Ivoire International | Paula Lynn Obañana | Ahmed Salah
Hadia Hosny | 21–16, 21–14 | **Winner** |

BWF International Challenge tournament   BWF International Series tournament   BWF Future Series tournament

## InfoBox

| Howard Shu
舒之颢 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Birth name | Howard Shu |
| Country | United States |
| Born | (1990-11-28) November 28, 1990
Los Alamitos, California, U.S. |
| Residence | Los Angeles, California, U.S |
| Height | 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |
| Weight | 75 kg (165 lb) |
| Handedness | Right |
| Men's singles & mixed doubles | |
| Highest ranking | 53 (MS June 25, 2015)
229 (XD October 14, 2010)
37 (XD March 12, 2015) |
| Medal record      Men's badminton  Representing the  United States  Pan American Games  2015 Toronto  Men's singles  2019 Lima  Mixed doubles  Pan Am Championships  2013 Santo Domingo  Mixed doubles  2012 Lima  Men's singles  2013 Santo Domingo  Men's singles  2014 Markham  Men's singles  Pan Am Men's Team Championships  2018 Tacarigua  Men's team  2020 Salvador  Men's team  Pan Am Mixed Team Championships  2013 Santo Domingo  Mixed team  2023 Guadalajara  Mixed team  2017 Santo Domingo  Mixed team | |
| BWF profile | |


title: News Chronicle Tournament

abstract: The News Chronicle Tournament was a professional golf tournament played in the Brighton area. It was a fixture on the British PGA tournament circuit from 1936 to 1951.

text:
# News Chronicle Tournament

The **News Chronicle Tournament** was a professional golf tournament played in the Brighton area. It was a fixture on the British PGA tournament circuit from 1936 to 1951.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | Margin
of victory | Runner(s)-up | Winner's
share (£) | Venue | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1936 | Don Curtis | 283 | 1 stroke | Dick Burton
Dai Rees | 200 | East Brighton |  |
| 1937 | Ernest Whitcombe | 268 | 2 strokes | Sam King | 200 | East Brighton |  |
| 1938 | Reg Whitcombe | 300 | 2 strokes | Don Curtis
Cecil Denny
Arthur Lacey
Herbert Rhodes | 200 | East Brighton |  |
| 1939 | Alf Padgham | 279 | 5 strokes | Percy Alliss
Bill Cox | 200 | East Brighton |  |
| *1940–44: No tournament due to World War II* | | | | | | | |
| 1945 | Henry Cotton | 301 | 4 strokes | Percy Alliss
Arthur Havers |  | Hollingbury Park |  |
| 1946 | Norman Von Nida | 283 | 1 stroke | John Burton |  | Hollingbury Park |  |
| 1947 | Dai Rees | 275 | 5 strokes | Arthur Harrison | 350 | Hollingbury Park |  |
| 1948 | Allan Dailey | 280 | Tie |  | Shared 350
and 150 | Hollingbury Park |  |
| | Reg Horne | | | | | | |
| 1949 | Dick Burton | 266 | 12 strokes | Jimmy Adams | 350 | Hollingbury Park |  |
| 1950 | Dai Rees | 277 | 8 strokes | Ken Bousfield | 350 | Hollingbury Park |  |
| 1951 | Ken Bousfield | 279 | 1 stroke | Jack Hargreaves
Norman Von Nida | 350 | Hollingbury Park |  |

## InfoBox

News Chronicle Tournament
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Brighton, England |
| Established | 1936 |
| Course(s) | East Brighton
Hollingbury Park |
| Tour(s) | British PGA Order of Merit |
| Format | Stroke play |
| Final year | 1951 |
| Tournament record score | |
| Aggregate | 266 Dick Burton (1949) |
| Final champion | |
| Ken Bousfield | |


title: LAF1

abstract: LA1 is a Les Autres sport classification is an wheelchair sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class have severe locomotor issues with all four limbs as a result of loss of muscle strength or spasticity. This also impacts their dominant throwing arm. They also have poor sitting balance. Internationally, governance for this sport is handled by IWAS, following the 2005 merger of ISMWSF and ISOD. Classification is handled nationally by relevant national organizations. Sports they can participate in include sitting volleyball, powerlifting, athletics, archery, and equestrian.

text:
# LAF1

**LA1** is a Les Autres sport classification is an wheelchair sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class have severe locomotor issues with all four limbs as a result of loss of muscle strength or spasticity. This also impacts their dominant throwing arm. They also have poor sitting balance.

Internationally, governance for this sport is handled by IWAS, following the 2005 merger of ISMWSF and ISOD. Classification is handled nationally by relevant national organizations. Sports they can participate in include sitting volleyball, powerlifting, athletics, archery, and equestrian.

## Definition

LAF1 is an Les Autres sports classification. Sportspeople in this class use wheelchairs on a regular basis as a result of reduced muscle function. *ACSM's Primary Care Sports Medicine* defines LAF1 as a medical class as "\[s\]evere involvement of the four limbs -- for example, MS, muscular dystrophy (MD), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) with contractures" As a functional class, *ACSM's Primary Care Sports Medicine* defines LAF1 as "use of wheelchair with reduced function of muscle strength and/or spasticity in throwing arm, and poor sitting balance." Medically, this class includes people with severe multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with contractures. This means they have severe issues with all four limbs. In terms of functional classification, this means the sportsperson uses a wheelchair, has poor sitting balance and has reduced strength or spasticity in their throwing arm. For the 1984 Summer Paralympics, LAF1 was defined by the Games organizers as, "Wheelchair bound. Reduced functions of muscle strength, and/or spasticity in throwing arm. Poor sitting balance."

Sportspeople with muscular dystrophy in this class have a number of factors that can make sports participation difficult. This includes poor pulmonary function, and potentially having restrictive lung disease values.

## Governance

Les Autres sport classification was originally created and then governed by the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD). Currently, classification is overseen by IWAS, having taken over this role following the 2005 merger of ISMWSF and ISOD.

National sport organizations handle classification on the national level. In the United Kingdom, this is the British Amputee and Les Autres Sports Association. In the United States, this is the United States Les Autres Sports Association. The classification system used in the United States has generally matched the international norms, though in track in field there have been five wheelchair classes and five ambulatory classes for Les Autres sportspeople. In Australia, Wheelchair Sports Australia was the governing body for classification for Les Autres sportspeople, with Disability Sports Australia taking over the role following the 2003 merger of Australian Sports Organisation for the Disabled (ASOD), Cerebral Palsy Australian Sports and Recreation Federation (CPASRF) and Wheelchair Sports Australia (WSA).

## Sports

### Athletics

In athletics, LAF1 competitors compete in F51, F52 and F53 events. F51, F52 and F53 are wheelchair athletics classes. They have functionality issues in throwing events as a result of mobility issues or spasticity in their throwing arm. At the 1984 Summer Paralympics, LAF1, LAF2 and LAF3 track athletes had the 60 meters and 400 meter distances on the program. There was a large range of sportspeople with different disabilities in this class at the 1984 Summer Paralympics.

### Other sports

This sport is open to swimmers from this class. For swimming with the most severe disabilities at the 1984 Summer Paralympics, floating devices and a swimming coach in the water swimming next to the Paralympic competitor were allowed. Les Autres competitors can also participate in sitting volleyball. In the past, the sport had a classification system and they were assigned to one of these classes. The rules were later changed to be inclusive of anyone, including Les Autres players, who meet the minimum disability requirement. Powerlifting is another sport open to people from this class where they compete against others with minimal disability requirements and are segregated based on weight. Para-equestrian is open to people from this class. Because they use a wheelchair chair, LAF3 riders may be in Grade 1. This grade is typically for people with cerebral palsy, les autres and spinal cord injuries who have severe levels of disability. Archery is another option. LAF1 classified athletes compete in ARW1.


title: Tower Street GAA

abstract: Tower Street was a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in County Cork, Ireland. The club played Hurling and is remembered for winning the first ever contested Cork Senior Club Hurling Championship on 29 April 1888. The team is now defunct.

text:
# Tower Street GAA

**Tower Street** was a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in County Cork, Ireland. The club played Hurling and is remembered for winning the first ever contested Cork Senior Club Hurling Championship on 29 April 1888. The team is now defunct.

## Notable players

## Honours

## InfoBox

Tower Street
| *Sráid Túr* | |
| --- | --- |
| County: | Cork |
| Colours: | Green |
| Grounds: | None |
| Senior Club Championships | |
| All Ireland Munster
champions Cork
champions  Football: | |


title: Amenhotep (Huy)

abstract: Amenhotep (Huy) was the high steward of Memphis under Amenhotep III in the Egyptian 18th Dynasty. With this title he was one of the highest officials at the royal court.

text:
# Amenhotep (Huy)

**Amenhotep (Huy)** was the *high steward of Memphis* under Amenhotep III in the Egyptian 18th Dynasty. With this title he was one of the highest officials at the royal court.

## Family

Amenhotep, with the nickname Huy, was a member of an influential family. His father Heby was *mayor of Memphis*. His brother Ramose was vizier under Amenhotep III.

His son Ipy was *high steward* under Akhenaten. Ipy likely succeeded his father sometime after the first Heb-Sed festival of Amenhotep III. He appears in the tomb of his uncle Ramose at the end of the reign of Amenhotep III when he has taken over his father's duties.

The family member's accomplishments are one of the rare cases where an influential family kept its high position under the latter king.

## Biography

Amenhotep is known from a high number of monuments and artifacts. Another fine statue was found at Abydos. Already in the early 19th century (1821 or 22), his looted tomb was found in Saqqara. It contained a sarcophagus, a granite canopic chest, model scribal boards and a stele with a long religious text.

The scribal palettes are now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (Acc. No. 37.2.1), the Louvre (Inv. No. 833), in the National Archaeological Museum (Florence) (Inv. No. 133) and in Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (72.663 a-i). The cubit rod (Inv. No. 132), the limestone stele (Inv. No. 2.), a grey granite pyramidion (Inv. No. 63) and 5 alabaster jars (Inv. Nos. between 83 and 110) are now all in the Museum in Florence. The Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden has a red granite pyramidion (Inv. No. A.M. 6), a quartzite canopic chest (Inv. No. A.M.2) and a wooden leg of a stool.

A stela belonging to Amenhotep was found at the Monastery of Apa Jeremias where it had been used as a window sill. Two statues belonging to Amenhotep have been found. One now in the Ashmolean Museum, and the other in the British Museum.

In Memphis, there was found a statue reporting his building work for his king. The statue now in the Ashmolean museum records how Amenhotep donated land, serfs and animals. In return he would receive part of the daily royal offerings, which would be placed before his statue.

## Tomb

Amenhotep's now lost tomb had been discovered in 1821 or 1822 and items such as the scribal palettes, the cubit rods and the jars had been removed. The tomb was possibly excavated by Nizzoli and Anastasi. The tomb appears to have been a standard New Kingdom tomb and had two subterranean chambers: an antechamber and a burial chamber. The tomb was undecorated, but a stele depicting Amenhotep and his son Ipy was likely found in the tomb. The tomb also contained a very large sarcophagus with a large lid, but those are presumably still in the tomb. The sarcophagus contained the small pyramidion, the cubit rod, an alabaster palette and at least some of the jars.

The tomb would have further consisted of a brick built chapel and this structure would have been topped by the granite pyramidion (now in Leiden). Another quartzite stele was likely situated in this chapel. The stele depicted Amenhotep and his wife Mey before the gods Osiris, Ptah, Isis and Hathor.


title: Vilja Nyholm-Palm

abstract: Vilja Nyholm-Palm is an Estonian theatre and film director. She was born in Tallinn. Since 1975 she worked at Estonian Television. 1994-2005 she taught at Tallinn University. 1999-2001 she was the program director of Kanal 2.

text:
# Vilja Nyholm-Palm

**Vilja Nyholm-Palm** (since 2004 **Palm**; born 12 May 1957) is an Estonian theatre and film director.

She was born in Tallinn.

Since 1975 she worked at Estonian Television. 1994-2005 she taught at Tallinn University. 1999-2001 she was the program director of Kanal 2.

## Filmography

* 1995 "Wikmani poisid" (director)
* 1998 "Isa" (television feature film; producer)
* 1999 "Armuke" (television feature film; producer)
* 2003 "Kodu keset linna" (director)


title: Tribulus planospira

abstract: Tribulus planospira is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. As of 2019, it is the only species in the genus Tribulus included in the World Register of Marine Species. Tribulus has previously been considered a subgenus of the genera Murex, Purpura, and Thais.

text:
# Tribulus planospira

***Tribulus planospira*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

As of 2019, it is the only species in the genus ***Tribulus*** included in the World Register of Marine Species. *Tribulus* has previously been considered a subgenus of the genera *Murex*, *Purpura*, and *Thais*.

## Description

The spire is depressed. The whorls are simple, the body whorl ventricose. The aperture is wide. The columella is arcuated. The inner lip is excavated, corrugated at the fore part.

## InfoBox

| *Tribulus planospira* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Tribulus planospira shells | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Muricidae |
| Genus: | *Tribulus*
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 |
| Species: | ***T. planospira*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tribulus planospira***
(Lamarck, 1822) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| Genus
* *Murex* (*Tribulus*) * *Planithais* Bayle in P. Fischer, 1884 * *Purpura* (*Tribulus*) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 * *Thais* (*Tribulus*) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853  Species
* *Haustrum pictum* Perry, 1811 * *Purpura lineata* Lamarck, 1816 * *Purpura planospira* Lamarck, 1822 | |


title: Nica Burns

abstract: Lounica Maureen Patricia "Nica" Burns is a London theatre producer and co-owner with her business partner Max Weitzenhoffer of the Nimax Theatres group, comprising six West End theatres: the Palace, Lyric, Apollo, Garrick, Vaudeville and Duchess.

text:
# Nica Burns

**Lounica Maureen Patricia "Nica" Burns** CBE (born August 1954) is a London theatre producer and co-owner with her business partner Max Weitzenhoffer of the Nimax Theatres group, comprising six West End theatres: the Palace, Lyric, Apollo, Garrick, Vaudeville and Duchess.

## Early life

Nica Burns was born in August 1954, and grew up in Ealing, London. She was educated at Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls, when it was located in Acton. In 1973, she went to University College London to read for a law degree.

## Career

Following an early career in acting, Burns moved to directing and producing, co-writing and performing in H. E. Bates's *Dulcima* at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. She has been director and producer of the Edinburgh Comedy Awards (formerly Perrier Awards) from 1984 to the present day.

She was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2013 New Year Honours and Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2024 Birthday Honours, both for services to theatre.

At the 2013 Private Business Awards, Burns was awarded Private Businesswoman of the Year.

The Apollo was the centre of a news story on 19 December 2013, when portions of the ceiling collapsed, landing on the audience.

## Personal life

Burns is married to Australian-born finance lawyer Marc Hutchinson, a partner at Slaughter and May, and chairman of the Heath and Hampstead Society since 2014. They met when they were both law students at University College London.

## InfoBox

| Nica BurnsCBE | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Lounica Maureen Patricia Burns<br>August 1954 (age 70) |
| Nationality | British |
| Education | Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls |
| Alma mater | University College London |
| Occupation(s) | London theatre producer and owner |
| Known for | Nimax Theatres |
| Spouse | Marc Hutchinson |


title: Robert Boscawen

abstract: Robert Thomas Boscawen was a British Conservative politician. He was the last member of the House of Commons to hold a Military Cross for action during the Second World War.

text:
# Robert Boscawen

**Robert Thomas Boscawen** MC PC (17 March 1923 – 28 December 2013) was a British Conservative politician. He was the last member of the House of Commons to hold a Military Cross for action during the Second World War.

## Background and education

Robert Boscawen was the fourth son of Evelyn Hugh John Boscawen, eighth Viscount Falmouth, of Tregothnan, by his wife Mary (née Meynell, descended from the Earls of Halifax) A member of a very old Cornish family, his ancestors included Prime Minister Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, and Admiral Edward Boscawen, victor over the French at the Battle of Lagos. Boscawen was educated at West Downs School and Eton College.

## Military career

Too young for military service at the outbreak of the Second World War, Boscawen went to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he read mechanical science and took the special army engineering course. In 1941, he joined the Royal Engineers. However, on 4 September 1942, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the 1st Battalion of the Coldstream Guards (with which members of his family had served since 1769, including his brothers George and Evelyn, who had been killed during the evacuation from Dunkirk), and his service number was 243507. The battalion formed part of the 5th Guards Armoured Brigade, part of Major General Allan Adair's Guards Armoured Division, and Boscawen was sent to the cavalry wing of Sandhurst to train as a tank commander. In September 1944, after having fought in the Battle of Normandy, his battalion were among the first tanks to enter Brussels. A week after Operation Market Garden had finished, he was awarded the Military Cross (MC) during the German counter offensive against the Nijmegen bridgehead.

In April 1945, during the last month of the war, he was very seriously wounded and sustained disfiguring burns when a shell pierced his tank. He was evacuated to Archibald McIndoe's pioneering "Guinea Pig Club" plastic surgery unit at Queen Victoria Hospital in East Grinstead, Sussex, spending much of the next three years in hospital.

He is the author of *Armoured Guardsmen*, a book which follows the Coldstreamers through France, Belgium and Holland, in 1944/45.

## Political career

Boscawen served during 1947 and 1948 in Hamburg, West Germany, with the British Red Cross civilian relief teams organised by his mother, Lady Falmouth, a vice-chairman of the Conservative Party. From 1948, he spent two years with Shell Petroleum as a management trainee before joining the family-owned Cornish china clay business, Goonveen, at Rostowrack. He became a Lloyd's underwriter in 1952. Boscawen's party political career began in 1948 when he joined the Young Conservatives.

Boscawen contested Falmouth and Camborne in elections in both 1964 and 1966, achieving a swing to the Conservatives but not enough to win, and was subsequently deselected because of his support for the right-wing Monday Club: local party activists thought his membership of the club would harm his ability to appeal to a traditionally radical-leaning seat. For thirteen years, from 1970 until 1983, he was the member for Wells and then, as the result of boundary changes, his constituency became Somerton and Frome, which he held for a further nine years, from 1983 to 1992.

In Parliament, Boscawen was noted for his right-wing views. He supported the restoration of capital punishment and drastic cuts in the welfare state and student grants and opposed abortion. He also became a leading supporter of Ian Smith after Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence. He voted against the imposition of sanctions in defiance of the Party Whip. He was also initially opposed to Britain's entry into the European Common Market but later tentatively supported it, warning opponents against using war memories to make decisions affecting future generations.

Boscawen was interested in the National Health Service and sat on its London Executive Council from 1954 to 1965. Also, he was on the backbenchers' Health Services Committee and vice-chairman from 1974 to 1979.

He was scathing about attempts to raise MPs' pay in 1976 at a time of financial hardship for many, saying it "brought ignominy" on the whole House.

Boscawen served as an assistant whip from 1979, as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury from 1981, and then Vice Chamberlain of Her Majesty's Household 1983–86 and finally Comptroller of the Royal Household until 1988. He became a member of the Privy Council in 1992, in the same year that he retired from the House of Commons.

## Personal life

Boscawen married Mary Codrington in 1949 and they had two daughters, Dozmary and Karenza, and one son, Hugh, who followed him into the Coldstream Guards. They lived at Ivythorm Manor in Street, Somerset. His wife predeceased him by seven months, dying in May 2013.

Boscawen was a rower and yachtsman. He stroked the Trinity boat and rowed in the university trial eights. He was a member of the Royal Yacht Squadron and regularly sailed in international races, including the Fastnet.

Boscawen died on the Isle of Wight on 28 December 2013 at age 90.

## Bibliography

* Boscawen, Robert. *Armoured Guardsmen: A War Diary, June 1944 – April 1945*. Barnsley, England: Pen & Sword, 2001.
* *Times Guide to the House of Commons* 1987

## InfoBox

| The Right HonourableRobert BoscawenMC | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Vice-Chamberlain of the Household | |
| **In office**
17 February 1983  16 October 1986 | |
| Prime Minister | Margaret Thatcher |
| Preceded by | Carol Mather |
| Succeeded by | Tristan Garel-Jones |
| Comptroller of the Household | |
| **In office**
16 October 1986  26 July 1988 | |
| Prime Minister | Margaret Thatcher |
| Preceded by | Carol Mather |
| Succeeded by | Tristan Garel-Jones |
| Member of Parliament
for Wells | |
| **In office**
18 June 1970  13 May 1983 | |
| Preceded by | Lynch Maydon |
| Succeeded by | David Heathcoat-Amory |
| Member of Parliament
for Somerton and Frome | |
| **In office**
9 June 1983  16 March 1992 | |
| Succeeded by | Mark Robinson |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1923-03-17)17 March 1923
Cornwall, England |
| Died | 28 December 2013(2013-12-28) (aged 90)
Isle of Wight, England |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse | Mary Codrington  (m. 1949; died 2013) |
| Children | 3 |
| Education | Eton College |
| Alma mater | Trinity College, Cambridge |
| Occupation | Politician |
|  | |


title: Tower Street Adult Correctional Centre

abstract: Tower Street Adult Correctional Centre is a prison in Jamaica. It was formerly the General Penitentiary, and was built to accommodate 650 male inmates but has held over 1700 on occasions. Construction of the current building began in 1845, shortly after the end of slavery. Previously, the Kingston House of Correction stood on the same site. The new penitentiary was designed according to the 'separate system' in which prisoners are held in isolation, although in practice sharing of the small cells has been common. It is operated by the Department of Correctional Services for the Ministry of National Security.

text:
# Tower Street Adult Correctional Centre

**Tower Street Adult Correctional Centre** is a prison in Jamaica. It was formerly the General Penitentiary, and was built to accommodate 650 male inmates but has held over 1700 on occasions. Construction of the current building began in 1845, shortly after the end of slavery. Previously, the Kingston House of Correction stood on the same site. The new penitentiary was designed according to the 'separate system' in which prisoners are held in isolation, although in practice sharing of the small cells has been common.

It is operated by the Department of Correctional Services for the Ministry of National Security.

1. "Archive for the 'Tower Street' Category". Prison Diaries. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
2. Makeshift weapons increasing prison deaths Archived 2009-01-14 at the Wayback Machine, Tyrone Reid, Jamaica Gleaner, 2004-02-08.
3. Comparison of daily averages\* over a 10 year period (1997-2006) by institution and sex Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine, Department Of Correctional Services, 2007.
4. Paton, Diana (8 October 2004). *No Bond but the Law: Punishment, Race, and Gender in Jamaican State Formation, 1780–1870*. Duke University Press. ISBN 0822386143.

## InfoBox

Tower Street Prison
(formerly The General Penitentiary)
| Tower Street Adult Correctional Centre | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Tower Street, Kingston, Jamaica |
| Coordinates | 17°58′01″N 76°46′51″W / 17.9668337°N 76.7808509°W / 17.9668337; -76.7808509 |
| Status | Operational |
| Security class | Maximum security |
| Capacity | 650 |
| Population | 2000 |
| Managed by | Department of Correctional Services for the Ministry of National Security |
| Director | Kevin Wallen |


title: Prosoplus xyalopus

abstract: Prosoplus xyalopus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1881. It is known from Micronesia.

text:
# Prosoplus xyalopus

***Prosoplus xyalopus*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1881. It is known from Micronesia.

## InfoBox

| *Prosoplus xyalopus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Tribe: | Pteropliini |
| Genus: | *Prosoplus* |
| Species: | ***P. xyalopus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Prosoplus xyalopus***<br>(Karsch, 1881) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Prosoplus yapensis* Aurivillius, 1908 | |


title: Mulbarton, Johannesburg

abstract: Mulbarton is a suburb that is located in the South of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality. It is a scenic residential area with mainly middle-to-higher income residents. The houses are medium to large in size with many hills and open terrain areas. The main road that runs through Mulbarton is True North road. Along this road you will find Mulbarton Shopping Centre and Mulbarton private hospital. Two other shopping centres are located along The Broads. Education-wise there is Mulbarton Primary; Christian Harvest; Mulbarton Remedial and Glenvista High School. Even though the name of the high school is Glenvista it is technically located in Mulbarton. Building in the suburb of Mulbarton began in 1974; although water and electricity were almost immediately connected, telephone lines were not installed until 1977. Roads were left untarred until 1978/9, after which streetlights followed. The Panorama Drive-In was the only source of movies in this suburb and surrounding ones for many years. The location of this drive-in still exists; however the screen has been removed and a popular flea market now uses it on weekends and holidays. Adjacent to the flea market a mall, the Panorama Shopping Centre, recently opened for business. All the streets in Mulbarton, including ones such as The Broads, Dereham Drive and King's Lynn are named after places in the English county of Norfolk. The Maronite Catholic Church in Mulbarton is home to one of two statues of Our Lady of Lebanon.

text:
# Mulbarton, Johannesburg

**Mulbarton** is a suburb that is located in the South of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

It is a scenic residential area with mainly middle-to-higher income residents. The houses are medium to large in size with many hills and open terrain areas. The main road that runs through Mulbarton is True North road. Along this road you will find Mulbarton Shopping Centre and Mulbarton private hospital. Two other shopping centres are located along The Broads. Education-wise there is Mulbarton Primary; Christian Harvest; Mulbarton Remedial and Glenvista High School. Even though the name of the high school is Glenvista it is technically located in Mulbarton.

Building in the suburb of Mulbarton began in 1974; although water and electricity were almost immediately connected, telephone lines were not installed until 1977. Roads were left untarred until 1978/9, after which streetlights followed. The *Panorama Drive-In* was the only source of movies in this suburb and surrounding ones for many years. The location of this drive-in still exists; however the screen has been removed and a popular flea market now uses it on weekends and holidays. Adjacent to the flea market a mall, the *Panorama Shopping Centre*, recently opened for business.

All the streets in Mulbarton, including ones such as The Broads, Dereham Drive and King's Lynn are named after places in the English county of Norfolk.

The Maronite Catholic Church in Mulbarton is home to one of two statues of Our Lady of Lebanon.

## Community Forum

The community forum was established in November 2008 by Bruce Strachan. The main goal of the forum is to reduce crime in the area as well as improve on other aspects such as service delivery by the municipality.

## InfoBox

| Mulbarton | |
| --- | --- |
| MulbartonMulbarton | |
| Coordinates: 26°17′25″S 28°02′57″E / 26.290414°S 28.049297°E / -26.290414; 28.049297 | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Gauteng |
| Municipality | City of Johannesburg |
| Main Place | Johannesburg |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.77 km2 (1.07 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 6,645 |
| Density | 2,400/km2 (6,200/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011) | |
| Black African | 26.7% |
| Coloured | 4.9% |
| Indian/Asian | 13.4% |
| White | 52.1% |
| Other | 2.9% |
| First languages (2011) | |
| English | 64.6% |
| Afrikaans | 12.4% |
| Zulu | 6.6% |
| Sotho | 4.4% |
| Other | 12.1% |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| Postal code (street) | 2190 |
| PO box | 2059 |


title: Geneva G. Belford

abstract: Geneva Grosz Belford was a computer scientist who worked at the University of Illinois. She worked at the University of Illinois for over 40 years and advised over 140 graduate students including Thomas M. Siebel. Belford was an contributor for Britannica and worked on their article on computer science. She also co-authored a textbook on the Pascal programming language. Her papers are located at the University of Illinois Archives.

text:
# Geneva G. Belford

**Geneva Grosz Belford** (born May 18, 1932) was a computer scientist who worked at the University of Illinois. She worked at the University of Illinois for over 40 years and advised over 140 graduate students including Thomas M. Siebel.

Belford was an contributor for Britannica and worked on their article on computer science. She also co-authored a textbook on the Pascal programming language. Her papers are located at the University of Illinois Archives.

## Early life

Belford was born on May 18, 1932 in Washington, D.C. She attended the University of Pennsylvania and received her bachelor's degree in Mathematics. She then attended the University of Illinois and graduated in 1960 with a PhD in mathematics PhD. Her research originally focused on chemistry and mathematics. Later on, she focused on computer science.

## Career

After graduating with her PhD, Belford was hired as a research associate at the University of Illinois Chemistry Department. She continued working there until she was became an assistant professor of Mathematics in 1964. Belford later became a research assistant professor with the Center for Advanced Computation in 1972. In 1976, she was promoted to a research associate professor and in 1977, she joined the Department of Computer Science. Belford was promoted to full professor in 1982 Her research involved database and distributed systems and the ILLIAC computer.

She was Professor Emerita of Computer Science and officially retired from the University of Illinois in 2000.

## Awards and recognition

* 1986 College of Engineering Halliburton Educational Leadership Award
* 1991 Dad’s Association Outstanding Faculty Award
* 2005 Graduate College Outstanding Mentor Award
* 2007 Mom’s Association Medallion of Honor
* 2012 CS @ ILLINOIS Distinguished Service Award

## List of publications

* Alsberg, P. A, et al.. Networking Research In Front Ending And Intelligent Terminals: H6000 Software Specifications
* Belford, Geneva G, and D. E. (Daniel E.) Putnam *Networking research in front ending and intelligent terminals: Experimental network front end experiment plan*
* Belford, Geneva G. *An algorithm for fitting related sets of straight-line data*
* Belford, Geneva G. *Investigation of one-step methods for integro-differential equations*
* Belford, Geneva G. *Optimization problems in distributed data management*
* Belford, Geneva G. *Research In Network Data Management And Resource Sharing: Initial Mathematical Model Report*
* Liu, C. L. and Belford, Geneva G. *Pascal*
* Putnam, D. E. (Daniel E.), David C Healy, Geneva G Belford *Networking research in front ending and intelligent terminals :* *UNIX/ENFE experimental performance report*
* Schwartz, P. M., Grapa, E., Day, J. D., Belford, G. G., *Research in network data management and resource sharing: network file allocation*
* Yan, Y. L., Smet, A. D., Moon, A., Manolas, A. P., Leo, J., Kim, C. K., Kaufman, K. A., Hwund, S. C., Goldstein, J. D., England, S., Cotten, P., Cho, D., Liu, J. W. S., Belford, G. G. *Mutual consistency maintenance in a prototype data traffic management system*

1. News-Gazette, The (2014-03-09). "Geneva Grosz Belford". *The News-Gazette*. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
2. "Geneva Belford – Women in Engineering". Retrieved 2023-10-13.
3. Communications, Grainger Engineering Office of Marketing and. "Geneva Belford, 1932-2014". *cs.illinois.edu*. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
4. "Geneva G. Belford | Britannica". *www.britannica.com*. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
5. Belford, Geneva G. (1984). *Pascal*. Internet Archive. New York : McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-038138-4.
6. "Geneva G. Belford Papers, 1949-2011 | University of Illinois Archives". *University of Illinois Archives Holdings Database*. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
7. "Finding Aid for Geneva G. Belford Papers, 1949-2011 | University of Illinois Archives". *University of Illinois Archives Holdings Database*. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
8. "Unsung Heroes | Society of American Archivists". *www2.archivists.org*. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
9. Communications, Grainger Engineering Office of Marketing and. "Geneva Belford". *cs.illinois.edu*. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
10. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.; Homgren, Steven F.; Grossman, Gary R.; Day, John D.; Belford, Geneva G.; Alsberg, Peter A. (1977). *Networking research in front ending and intelligent terminals: H6000 software specifications*. CCTC-WAD document; no. 7501. Urbana: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
11. Belford, Geneva G.; Putnam, D. E. (1977). *Networking research in front ending and intelligent terminals: Experimental network front end experiment plan*. CAC document; 0360-1617no. 227. Urbana: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
12. Belford, Geneva G. (1972). *An algorithm for fitting related sets of straight-line data*. CAC document; no. 54. Urbana, IL.: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
13. Belford, Geneva G. (1973). *Investigation of one-step methods for integro-differential equations*. CAC document; no. 75. Urbana, IL.: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
14. Belford, Geneva G.; Research in network data management and resource sharing. (1976). *Optimization problems in distributed data management*. CAC document; 0360-1617no. 197. Urbana: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
15. Belford, Geneva G. (1975). *Research in network data management and resource sharing: initial mathematical model report*. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Center for Advanced Computation. CAC document; no. 169. Urbana: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
16. Putnam, D. E.; Healy, David C.; Belford, Geneva G.; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. (1977). *Networking research in front ending and intelligent terminals: UNIX/ENFE experimental performance report*. CCTC-WAD document; no. 7517. Urbana: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
17. Schwartz, Paul M.; Grapa, Enrique.; Day, John D.; Belford, Geneva G.; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. (1976-08-02). *Research in network data management and resource sharing: network file allocation*. CCTC-WAD document; no. 6506. Urbana, Ill.: Center for Advanced Computation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
18. Yan, Y. L.; Smet, A. D.; Moon, A.; Manolas, A. P.; Leo, J.; Kim, C. K.; Kaufman, K. A.; Hwund, S. C.; Goldstein, J. D. (1983). *Mutual consistency maintenance in a prototype data traffic management system*. Report / Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; no. 1142. Urbana, Illinois: Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

## InfoBox

| Geneva G. Belford | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | May 18, 1932 |
| Died | March 4, 2014 |


title: Walter G. Vincenti

abstract: Walter Guido Vincenti was an American engineer who worked in the field of aeronautics, designing planes that could fly at hypersonic speed. He was elected as a member of several scientific societies, including the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and National Academy of Engineering. He won several prestigious awards, such as the Leonardo da Vinci Medal and the Daniel Guggenheim Medal.

text:
# Walter G. Vincenti

**Walter Guido Vincenti** (April 20, 1917  October 11, 2019) was an American engineer who worked in the field of aeronautics, designing planes that could fly at hypersonic speed. He was elected as a member of several scientific societies, including the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and National Academy of Engineering. He won several prestigious awards, such as the Leonardo da Vinci Medal and the Daniel Guggenheim Medal.

## Early life and education

Walter Guido Vincenti was born on April 20, 1917, in Baltimore, Maryland, to parents Agnes and Guido Vincenti, emigrants from Italy. He was one of five children. His family later moved to Pasadena, California, which is where he grew up. His interest in airplanes began at age ten when, in 1927, Charles Lindbergh made a historic nonstop flight from New York City to Paris. He began constructing model aircraft afterwards.

Like his two elder brothers, he attended Stanford University for his undergraduate degree. He then completed two years of graduate work at Stanford in their mechanical engineering track with an emphasis in aeronautics.

## Career

Shortly before finishing his graduate degree, he accepted a job offer from Russell G. Robinson to work at the Ames Laboratory. During World War II, he and his colleagues were initially exempted from the draft due to their research on military-grade technology. The policy was changed partway through the war, and he was drafted into the Navy. His assignment at the Navy, however, was to stay at Ames Laboroatory and continue working on the development of a supersonic swept-wing design. He was made a chief petty officer.

He used the prize money from the Rockefeller Public Service Award to take a year-long sabbatical from Ames Laboratory and travel to Cambridge University. There, he studied the physics and chemistry of gases at high temperatures. When he returned to California in 1956, Stanford had decided to start a aeronautical engineering department within its School of Engineering; they offered Vincenti a professorship within the new department. The Soviet launch of Sputnik 1 the following year caused a massive influx of funding into the nascent department by the US government. Some of his accomplishments at Stanford include overseeing the construction of a hypersonic wind tunnel in 1965 and authoring *Introduction to Physical Gas Dynamics* (1965) and *What Engineers Know and How They Know It: Analytical Studies from Aeronautical History* (1990). From 19701976 he was a co-editor of the *Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics*.

## Awards and honors

In 1951 he was made a fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He received a Rockefeller Public Service Award in 1956 for his work on heat shields for spacecraft re-entering the Earth's atmosphere. In recognition of his work teaching undergraduates, Stanford gave him the Lloyd W. Dinkelspiel Award in 1983. He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1987. The Society for the History of Technology awarded him the Leonardo da Vinci Medal in 1998. In 2016 he was awarded the Daniel Guggenheim Medal for his career in the field of aeronautics. In 2019, he received the Stanford Engineering Heroes Award, which is the highest award given by the Stanford University School of Engineering.

## Personal life and death

He married Joyce née Weaver, a painter, in 1947. They had a son and daughter together. Vincenti died of pneumonia in Palo Alto, California on October 11, 2019. He was 102 years old.

## InfoBox

| Walter G. Vincenti | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | April 20, 1917
Baltimore, Maryland, United States |
| Died | October 11, 2019(2019-10-11) (aged 102)
Palo Alto, California |
| Education | Stanford University |
| Partner | Joyce née Weaver |
| Children | 2 |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Institutions |  |
|  | |


title: House at 196 Main Street

abstract: The House at 196 Main Street is a historic house located at 196 Main Street in Wakefield, Massachusetts.

text:
# House at 196 Main Street

The **House at 196 Main Street** (also known as the **Hiram Eaton House**) is a historic house located at 196 Main Street in Wakefield, Massachusetts.

## Description and history

The house was built in the 1840s or 1850s, probably for Hiram Eaton, member of a locally prominent family. The house is a well-preserved Greek Revival house, 2+12 stories in height and five bays wide, with a side-gable roof pierced by three gabled dormers. It has a side-hall plan and its front porch is supported by delicately fluted columns, a rarity in the town for the period indicating means and sophistication.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 6, 1989.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| House at 196 Main Street | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| House at 196 Main Street | |
|  | |
| Location | 196 Main St., Wakefield, Massachusetts |
| Coordinates | 42°30′47″N 71°4′27″W / 42.51306°N 71.07417°W / 42.51306; -71.07417 |
| Architectural style | Greek Revival |
| MPS | Wakefield MRA |
| NRHP reference No. | 89000668 |
| Added to NRHP | July 06, 1989 |


title: Pert Kelton

abstract: Pert L. Kelton was an American stage, movie, radio, and television actress. She was the original Alice Kramden in The Honeymooners with Jackie Gleason. During the 1930s, she was a prominent comedic supporting and leading actress in Hollywood films such as Gregory La Cava's Bed of Roses with Constance Bennett and Raoul Walsh's The Bowery with Wallace Beery and George Raft. She performed in a dozen Broadway productions between 1925 and 1968. Most famously, she created the role of 'Mrs. Paroo' in the original production of the musical The Music Man, which she reprised in the movie adaptation. In the early 1950s, her career was interrupted as a result of Hollywood blacklisting, leading to her departure from The Honeymooners.

text:
# Pert Kelton

**Pert L. Kelton** (October 14, 1907  October 30, 1968) was an American stage, movie, radio, and television actress. She was the original Alice Kramden in *The Honeymooners* with Jackie Gleason. During the 1930s, she was a prominent comedic supporting and leading actress in Hollywood films such as Gregory La Cava's *Bed of Roses* with Constance Bennett and Raoul Walsh's *The Bowery* with Wallace Beery and George Raft (both released in 1933). She performed in a dozen Broadway productions between 1925 and 1968. Most famously, she created the role of 'Mrs. Paroo' in the original production of the musical *The Music Man*, which she reprised in the movie adaptation. In the early 1950s, her career was interrupted as a result of Hollywood blacklisting, leading to her departure from *The Honeymooners*.

## Early life

Pert L. Kelton was born in 1907 in Great Falls, Montana. Her mother, Sue Kelton, was a native of Canada; her father, Edward Kelton, a native of California.

Kelton was reportedly named by her aunt, who suggested the name "Pert" to her mother after her favorite theatrical role, the character "Pert Barlow" in a play called *Checkers*.

In 1910, while accompanying her parents and sister on an overseas tour of shows, she debuted on stage at the age of three in Cape Town, Union of South Africa.

Upon her return to the United States with her family, Kelton was enrolled in private schools for her early formal education and for extensive training in dance, voice, and drama. By age 12, after appearing for a while with her parents as "The Three Keltons", she began appearing as a solo act or "single" in vaudeville; and by age 17 she was performing on Broadway, initially as a cast member in Jerome Kern's 1925 musical comedy *Sunny*, starring Marilyn Miller.

## Films

Kelton and her parents had moved to California to work in Hollywood films by the latter half of 1927. Her first credited movie role there was as Rosie in First National Pictures' 1929 release *Sally*, based on the Broadway hit by the same name. The federal census of 1930 showed that Kelton was living in Los Angeles at the Warner-Kelton Hotel – later called the *Hotel Brevoort (and Tropical Gardens)* – sharing room 666. That same census identifies all three of the Keltons as employed actors in "motion pictures".

Kelton was a young comedienne in A-list movies during the 1930s, often portraying the leading lady's wisecracking friend. She had a memorable turn in 1933 as dance hall singer "Trixie" in *The Bowery* alongside Wallace Beery, George Raft, Jackie Cooper, and Fay Wray. Directed by Raoul Walsh, the film is based on the story of Steve Brodie, the first man who reportedly jumped off the Brooklyn Bridge in 1886 and lived to brag about it. Kelton at one point in the film sings to a rowdy, appreciative crowd in an energetic dive, using a curious New York accent to good comedic effect, with Beery and Raft arguing afterwards over her attentions.

In Gregory LaCava's 1933 pre-Code comedy *Bed of Roses*, Kelton plays Minnie, a witty prostitute who is a partner in crime with Lorry, portrayed by Constance Bennett. The two women in the plot are fond of getting admiring men helplessly drunk before robbing them, at least until getting caught and tossed into jail. Kelton has all the best lines, surprisingly wicked and amusing observations that would never be allowed in an American film after the Hollywood Production Code was adopted. Nevertheless, in 1933 her performance in *Bed of Roses* was widely praised by critics in leading newspapers and trade papers.

Kelton for the remainder of the 1930s performed in over 20 more feature films and shorts. After her appearance in the 1939 film *Whispering Enemies*, she redirected her career, returning again to theatre and to performing increasingly on radio and later on the rapidly expanding medium of television. She did not return to the "big screen" until 1962, when she was cast as Mrs. Paroo in *The Music Man.*

## Radio and return to New York

By April 1940, Pert had left California and was living in New York City again, sharing a $65-per-month apartment in Manhattan on West 55th Street with three other women, two of whom were employed as dancers in the theatre and the third as a secretary. A federal census taker canvassing Manhattan that year concisely identified Kelton in his enumeration ledger as "Actress, Theatre & Movies" and recorded her given age as only 28, although in the spring of 1940 Kelton was actually 32 years old. If not a mistake in documentation, it is possible that Kelton herself, feeling the pressures to maintain a youthful profile within the image-conscious realm of entertainment, "shaved" a few years off her age when answering census questions at that time. Her documented lack of consistent employment during the previous year may be indicative too of the professional pressures she was experiencing after her film career in Hollywood began to wane in the late 1930s. According to the United States Census of 1940, Kelton was employed for only six weeks during the entire year of 1939, a total time of employment far less than the weeks worked by her roommates over the same period.

Once Kelton had resettled in New York during the early 1940s, she began to work in theatre again, and she became a familiar voice on radio as well, performing on programs such as *Easy Aces*, *It's Always Albert*, *The Stu Erwin Show*, and on the 1941 soap opera *We Are Always Young*. Later, In 1949, she did the voices of five different radio characters on *The Milton Berle Show*. She was also a regular cast member of *The Henry Morgan Show*; and in the early 1950s, she performed the role of the tart maid Agnes in the Monty Woolley vehicle *The Magnificent Montague*, along with reprising her Berle show role of Martha Harrison, who never said anything but "Yeeessss!"

## Television

Kelton appeared in *Henry Morgan's Great Talent Hunt*, first aired January 26, 1951, hosted by Henry Morgan, and with Kaye Ballard, Art Carney, and Arnold Stang.

Kelton was the original Alice Kramden in *The Honeymooners* comedy sketches on the DuMont Television Network's *Cavalcade of Stars*. These sketches formed the eventual basis for the 1955 sitcom *The Honeymooners*. Jackie Gleason starred as her husband Ralph Kramden, and Art Carney as their upstairs neighbor Ed Norton. Elaine Stritch played Trixie, the burlesque dancer wife of Norton, for one sketch before being replaced by Joyce Randolph.

Kelton appeared in the original sketches, generally running about 10 to 20 minutes, shorter than the later one-season half-hour series episodes and 1960s hour-long musical versions. However, she was abruptly dropped from her role due to being blacklisted and was replaced by Audrey Meadows. Rather than acknowledge that she was blacklisted, her producers explained that her departure was based on alleged heart problems. Kelton and her husband had been listed in *Red Channels*, an early 1950s publication of alleged communists or fellow travelers in the U.S. entertainment industry. Kelton sued the publication for libel, but later dropped the suit. In his book *The Forgotten Network*, David Weinstein wrote Kelton remained on *Cavalcade of Stars* through the final season of the series (19511952), and suggests that it may have been because Jackie Gleason had resisted attempts at having her dropped.

In the 1960s, Kelton was invited back to Gleason's CBS show to play Alice's mother in an episode of the hour-long musical version of *The Honeymooners* (also known as *The Color Honeymooners*), with Sheila MacRae as a fetching young Alice.

In 1963, Kelton appeared on *The Twilight Zone*, playing the overbearing mother of Robert Duvall in the episode "Miniature." The next year she guest-starred on the popular family sitcom *My Three Sons*. In this episode "Stage Door Bub", Kelton portrays Thelma Wilson, a veteran itinerant stage actress who longs for a settled domestic life but soon realizes that that lifestyle is actually ill-suited for her personality.

In her last years, Kelton was strongly identified with Spic and Span because of commercials for the product.

## Hotel owner

Pert Kelton was part owner of the Warner-Kelton Hotel, built in the late 1920s, at 6326 Lexington Avenue in Los Angeles. Kelton and her parents resided in the hotel during the late 1920s until at least 1930. (A February 20, 1928, article in the *Standard-Examiner* (Ogden, Utah) incorrectly identifies the hotel as the Walton-Kelton Hotel.) The hotel catered to actors, poets, and musicians, such as Cary Grant, Orry Kelly, Rodgers and Hart, Monroe Salisbury, Sadakichi Hartmann, and later, Elizabeth Short. The building had a small outdoor theater, in a garden to the south, with a wishing well that may have inspired the song "There's a Small Hotel" from the musical *On Your Toes* (1936). It also housed a speakeasy in the basement. A sign above the hotel entrance reads "Joyously Enter Here". It was later the home of the California Television Society.

## Personal life and death

When away from rehearsing and performing, Kelton enjoyed art as a pastime and became a "passionate" painter. She was married to actor-director Ralph S. Bell, with whom she had two sons, Brian and Stephen.

A resident of Washington Township, Bergen County, New Jersey, Kelton died of a heart attack on October 30, 1968, at age 61 while swimming at the YMHA in Ridgewood, New Jersey.

## Filmography

## InfoBox

| Pert Kelton | |
| --- | --- |
| Kelton in 1942 | |
| Born | (1907-10-14)October 14, 1907
Great Falls, Montana, U.S. |
| Died | October 30, 1968(1968-10-30) (aged 61)
Ridgewood, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1925 (professionally) 1968 |
| Spouse | Ralph Bell (19??-1968; her death) |
| Children | 2 |