abstract: United Nations Security Council resolution 1139, adopted unanimously on 21 November 1997, after considering a report by the Secretary-General Kofi Annan regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF), the Council noted its efforts to establish a durable and just peace in the Middle East. The resolution called upon the parties concerned to immediately implement Resolution 338 (1973). It renewed the mandate of the Observer Force for another six months until 31 May 1998 and requested that the Secretary-General submit a report on the situation at the end of that period. The Secretary-General's report said that the situation between Israel and Syria had remained calm though the situation in the Middle East as a whole continued to remain dangerous. Two UNDOF soldiers were killed by unknown assailants and Syria was carrying out an investigation.

text:
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1139

**United Nations Security Council resolution 1139**, adopted unanimously on 21 November 1997, after considering a report by the Secretary-General Kofi Annan regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF), the Council noted its efforts to establish a durable and just peace in the Middle East.

The resolution called upon the parties concerned to immediately implement Resolution 338 (1973). It renewed the mandate of the Observer Force for another six months until 31 May 1998 and requested that the Secretary-General submit a report on the situation at the end of that period.

The Secretary-General's report said that the situation between Israel and Syria had remained calm though the situation in the Middle East as a whole continued to remain dangerous. Two UNDOF soldiers were killed by unknown assailants and Syria was carrying out an investigation.

## InfoBox

| UN Security Council<br>Resolution 1139 | |
| --- | --- |
| Israel (blue) and Syria (red) | |
| Date | 21 November 1997 |
| Meeting no. | 3,835 |
| Code | S/RES/1139 (Document) |
| Subject | **The situation in the Middle East** |
| Voting summary | * **15 voted for** * **None voted against** * **None abstained** |
| Result | Adopted |
| Security Council composition | |
| Permanent members |  |
| Non-permanent members |  |
|  | |


title: Goblin Slayer season 1

abstract: "Gin no Kisei" Goblin Slayer is an anime television series based on the light novel series of the same title written by Kumo Kagyu and illustrated by Noboru Kannatuki. The 12-episode first season was produced by White Fox and aired from October 7 to December 30, 2018 on AT-X, Tokyo MX, SUN, and BS11. The series is directed by Takaharu Ozaki, with scripts penned by Hideyuki Kurata and Yōsuke Kuroda, character designs handled by Takashi Nagayoshi and music composed by Kenichirō Suehiro. The opening theme song is "Rightfully" performed by Mili, while the ending theme song is "Gin no Kisei" performed by Soraru. Funimation licensed and produced an English dub for the anime, with Crunchyroll simulcasting the series internationally outside of Asia.

text:
# Goblin Slayer season 1

*Goblin Slayer* is an anime television series based on the light novel series of the same title written by Kumo Kagyu and illustrated by Noboru Kannatuki. The 12-episode first season was produced by White Fox and aired from October 7 to December 30, 2018 on AT-X, Tokyo MX, SUN, and BS11. The series is directed by Takaharu Ozaki, with scripts penned by Hideyuki Kurata and Yōsuke Kuroda, character designs handled by Takashi Nagayoshi and music composed by Kenichirō Suehiro. The opening theme song is "Rightfully" performed by Mili, while the ending theme song is "Gin no Kisei" (銀の祈誓, "Silver's Oath") performed by Soraru.

Funimation licensed and produced an English dub for the anime, with Crunchyroll simulcasting the series internationally outside of Asia.

## Episodes

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Directed by | Written by | Storyboarded by | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 | "The Fate of Particular Adventurers"
Transliteration: "Aru Bōkenshatachi no Ketsumatsu" (Japanese: ある冒険者たちの結末) | Takaharu Ozaki | Hideyuki Kurata | Takaharu Ozaki | October 7, 2018 (2018-10-07) |
| A young Priestess joins a group of rookie adventurers who decide to raid a cave infested with goblins. Things quickly go awry when the inexperienced party is ambushed by goblins, resulting in all of them except for the Priestess being killed, raped, or captured. The Priestess is rescued by the sudden arrival of Goblin Slayer, who swiftly kills the goblins attacking her. She decides to follow Goblin Slayer as he proceeds deeper into the cave, killing more goblins and teaching her about their psychology and battle tactics. With the Priestess' help, Goblin Slayer is able to kill the remaining goblins, including a goblin shaman and hobgoblin. They then discover several goblin infants, which Goblin Slayer mercilessly kills to prevent them from becoming threats in the future. Despite the traumatic experience, the Priestess decides to join Goblin Slayer as his adventuring companion. | | | | | | | |
| 2 | 2 | "Goblin Slayer"
Transliteration: "Kooni o Korosu Mono" (Japanese: 小鬼を殺す者) | Shūji Miyahara | Yōsuke Kuroda | Takaharu Ozaki | October 14, 2018 (2018-10-14) |
| Goblin Slayer accompanies his childhood friend Cow Girl to sell her uncle's farm produce to the city. He later heads to the Adventurer’s Guild to find work, where he is treated by the rest of the adventurers as an outcast due to his low-quality armor and his habit of only accepting goblin-related quests despite his status as a high-ranked adventurer. Nevertheless, Guild Girl (a member of staff at the Guild) is glad for his dedication towards goblin extermination since most adventurers don't take goblin quests due to their low bounties, and those that do are often inexperienced. Goblin Slayer reveals that when he was a young boy, his village was attacked by goblins who killed nearly all of the villagers, including Cow Girl's parents. There, he witnessed the gang rape and subsequent murder of his elder sister by goblins. This led him to train himself and learn how to kill goblins but also resulted in him becoming socially awkward and obsessed with killing goblins, which Cow Girl's uncle warns will be why Goblin Slayer will never be normal. Cow Girl continues to support her friend despite her uncle's warnings, as she wishes to apologize to him for not bringing him with her to the city on the day before the goblins attacked their village. Later, Goblin Slayer and Priestess attack a fortress occupied by goblins, burning it down and preventing the goblins from escaping. Elsewhere, a High Elf and her companions are looking for an adventurer named Orcbolg. | | | | | | | |
| 3 | 3 | "Unexpected Visitors"
Transliteration: "Omoigakenai Raikyaku" (Japanese: 思いがけない来客) | Kazuomi Koga | Hideyuki Kurata | Kazuomi Koga | October 21, 2018 (2018-10-21) |
| High Elf Archer, Dwarf Shaman, and Lizard Priest ask Guild Girl for an adventurer called Orcbolg and Beardcutter, actually referring to Goblin Slayer in their race's native tongues. While Goblin Slayer talks with the trio, Priestess gets defended by Witch, an acquaintance of Goblin Slayer, when some rookie adventurers try to convince Priestess to leave Goblin Slayer and join them, assuming he is only using Priestess as bait. High Elf Archer explains to Goblin Slayer that their races have united with the human kingdoms to fight against the resurrected Demon Lord's army and want to hire him for a related quest. Goblin Slayer refuses at first (much to High Elf Archer's anger) as Demons are not his concern until Dwarf Shaman and Lizard Priest mentions ruins in Elven lands occupied by goblins since the Elves cannot mobilize their army due to political concerns. Priestess also joins their quest after calling out Goblin Slayer for not asking if she wanted to join. As the group make camp and enjoys their races' food, a drunken High Elf Archer berates Goblin Slayer for his rude behavior while the others talk about where goblins came from. The next day, High Elf Archer kills the goblin sentries at the ruins, and the group enters. | | | | | | | |
| 4 | 4 | "The Strong"
Transliteration: "Tsuyoki Monodomo" (Japanese: 強き者ども) | Masayuki Sakoi | Hideyuki Kurata | Masayuki Sakoi | October 28, 2018 (2018-10-28) |
| Goblin Slayer's group enters the ruins where he notices there are no totems, suggesting a shaman does not lead these goblins. After rescuing an elven prisoner tortured by goblins, an angry High Elf Archer vows to avenge her fellow kin. The group finds a hall where the goblins are resting. Goblin Slayer's group uses sleeping and silence spells to kill the sleeping goblins without alerting the others. However, their silence alerts the goblin's leader, an Ogre, one of the Demon Lord's generals. The Ogre attacks the group using his strength and fire magic and proves difficult to kill due to his large size and ability to heal quickly. With his allies at their limit, Goblin Slayer uses his trump card, a magic teleportation scroll given to him by Witch, which sends strong jets of water from the bottom of the ocean to damage the Ogre before giving him the killing blow. As Elvish reinforcements arrive to take over the ruins and Goblin Slayer's group heads back to the city, her experience with Goblin Slayer and his obsession makes High Elf Archer want to take Goblin Slayer to a proper adventure. | | | | | | | |
| 5 | 5 | "Adventures and Daily Life"
Transliteration: "Bōken to Nichijō to" (Japanese: 冒険と日常と) | Kazuomi Koga | Yōsuke Kuroda | Kazuomi Koga | November 4, 2018 (2018-11-04) |
| After recovering from his wounds, Goblin Slayer helps Cow Girl cart supplies to town. There, he meets High Elf Archer, Dwarf Shaman, and Lizard Priest, and tells them he is open to the idea of exploring some ruins with them. Priestess informs him she has been promoted to the next adventurer rank and formally thanks Goblin Slayer for saving her life. He then encounters two young adventurers who lost a sword in the sewers, and advises them to use a club as an improvised weapon so they can retrieve it. Guild Girl asks him to act as an observer on a promotion exam, where she punishes a rhea scout for stealing loot from his party. The rhea scout considers attacking Guild Girl but is dissuaded by Goblin Slayer's presence. Meanwhile, the two young adventurers recover the sword thanks to Goblin Slayer's advice. Goblin Slayer then receives a special goblin slaying request from Sword Maiden herself. | | | | | | | |
| 6 | 6 | "Goblin Slayer in the Water Town"
Transliteration: "Mizu no Machi no Ko Onikoroshi" (Japanese: 水の街の小鬼殺し) | Hiroaki Takagi | Yōsuke Kuroda | Hiroaki Takagi | November 11, 2018 (2018-11-11) |
| Ten years ago, a group of Heroes (including Sword Maiden) slew the original Demon Lord. Currently, the new Hero and her companions slay the resurrected Demon Lord in another part of the world and crush his army, though some generals remain on the loose. Goblin Slayer and the rest of the party journey to Water Town, where they meet Sword Maiden, now retired. Sword Maiden informs them there have been a string of violent murders in the town recently, and they suspect the culprits are goblins in the town's sewer system. Since the army won't mobilize to fight goblins and other adventurers have failed, she decided to reach out to Goblin Slayer. Goblin Slayer agrees to the quest and leads the party into the sewers, where they discover the goblins have learned to use boats to navigate the sewers. This puzzles Goblin Slayer as goblins have never been smart enough to use boats before. After sinking a goblin boat, the party attracts the attention of a giant alligator, which they take advantage of by tricking it into destroying the rest of the goblin fleet. As they return to the surface, Goblin Slayer is troubled that the goblins knew how to use boats yet were unaware of the alligator, leading him to conclude that somebody had placed the goblins in the sewers. | | | | | | | |
| 7 | 7 | "Onward Unto Death"
Transliteration: "Shi e Susume" (Japanese: 死へ進め) | Takaharu Ozaki | Yōsuke Kuroda | Takaharu Ozaki | November 18, 2018 (2018-11-18) |
| After a brief rest in town, Goblin Slayer and his party venture back into the sewers to investigate the source of the goblins. Goblin Slayer brings along a canary to warn them of any poison gas as a precaution. The party delves deeper into the sewers but is led into a trap and locked in a tomb. The goblins also begin pumping poison gas into the room, which the canary warns the party of, and they successfully seal off the vents to prevent the gas from entering. The goblins then resort to attacking the party directly, revealing a goblin champion is leading them. The goblin champion critically wounds Goblin Slayer and attacks Priestess as the goblins overwhelm the rest of the party. Motivated by Priestess' screams, Goblin Slayer regains consciousness and attacks the goblin champion from behind, tearing his right eye out in the process. The goblin champion and his minions flee, giving the party the chance to regroup. Priestess' wounds are healed, but Goblin Slayer collapses from his own wounds. | | | | | | | |
| 8 | 8 | "Whispers and Prayers and Chants"
Transliteration: "Sasayaki to Inori to Eishō" (Japanese: 囁きと祈りと詠唱) | Yūsuke Kubo | Hideyuki Kurata | Yūsuke Kubo | November 25, 2018 (2018-11-25) |
| Goblin Slayer wakes in the Temple of Law, having been healed with a Resurrection miracle. Sword Maiden confides in Goblin Slayer she had been captured, raped, and tortured by goblins ten years ago, which is the source of her scars and partial blindness. Despite being one of the heroes who slew the Demon King, she is still deathly afraid of goblins. High Elf Archer, Dwarf Shaman, and Lizard Priest decide to continue scouting the sewers while Goblin Slayer and Priestess spend the day in town recovering and repairing their gear. Witch and Spearman arrive to deliver a mysterious package to Goblin Slayer. Meanwhile, Cow Girl continues to wait for Goblin Slayer's return, despite her uncle's warnings he may not come back one day. The next day, the whole party heads back to the sewers and finds a room guarded by a powerful demon. Goblin Slayer uses the package, which contains fine flour, and spreads it around the room to create a dust explosion. The explosion kills the demon, and the party investigates the mysterious mirror it was guarding. | | | | | | | |
| 9 | 9 | "There and Back Again"
Transliteration: "Yukite, Kaerishi" (Japanese: 往きて、還りし) | Haiyūto Michibitsuka | Hideyuki Kurata | Kazuhiro Ozawa | December 2, 2018 (2018-12-02) |
| The party discovers the mirror is actually a gate linking the sewers of Water Town with the green moon, allowing goblins to enter. As Lizard Priest works to remove the mirror from the wall, the rest of the party repels the goblin counterattack led by the Goblin Champion. Once the mirror is loose, Goblin Slayer has the party take shelter under the mirror while Dwarf Shaman collapses the roof. The goblins are crushed, but the mirror protects the party, leaving them unscathed. The party encases the mirror in cement and sinks it in the river, as they can't guarantee other goblins won't learn to use it. Goblin Slayer reports to Sword Maiden, revealing he suspects she knew more than she let on. Sword Maiden admits the giant alligator is her familiar that guards the sewers, while the mirror was placed by a cult of demon worshipers who the Hero already wiped out. Even though the masterminds were taken out, Sword Maiden delayed doing anything about the goblins because she secretly wanted other people to understand the cruelty goblins are capable of. Goblin Slayer merely replies he cannot save her from her trauma, but he will kill goblins if she asks him, even in her dreams, which alleviates her worries. On the way back to their town, Goblin Slayer tells the rest of the party he plans to make ice treats, and the party promises to help him. | | | | | | | |
| 10 | 10 | "Dozing"
Transliteration: "Madoromi no Naka de" (Japanese: まどろみの中で) | Shūji Miyahara | Yōsuke Kuroda | Jun Kamiya | December 9, 2018 (2018-12-09) |
| The Hero's defeat of the Demon Lord and his army are confirmed, and she becomes the tenth person ever to achieve a platinum rank. Festivities are held across the land. Meanwhile, Goblin Slayer continues his daily chores and accompanies Cow Girl to the town to get his armor repaired. While there, he sees veteran adventurers training rookie adventurers when he encounters the rest of his party, who invite him out for lunch, with Cow Girl and Guild Girl also joining. During the meal, Guild Girl notes the Guild has started a program to have retired adventurers train rookie adventurers, so retired adventurers stay employed, and rookie adventurers have a better chance of surviving. Cow Girl wonders if Goblin Slayer will ever retire. The next day, Goblin Slayer performs more chores around the farm and reads a letter from Sword Maiden, thanking him for his help and telling him she no longer sees goblins in her dreams. That night, Cow Girl shares a moment with Goblin Slayer and tells him he should think about his future. Going to bed, she reflects on the fact Goblin Slayer can't kill goblins forever and wonders what will happen when that time comes. The next day, Goblin Slayer does his daily patrol around the farm and discovers goblin footprints. | | | | | | | |
| 10.5 | 10.5 | "Adventure Sheet"
Transliteration: "Adobenchā Shīto" (Japanese: 冒険記録用紙アドベンチャーシート) | N/A | N/A | N/A | December 16, 2018 (2018-12-16) |
| A recap special summarizing the events of the first 10 episodes. | | | | | | | |
| 11 | 11 | "A Gathering of Adventurers"
Transliteration: "Bōkensha no Kyōen" (Japanese: 冒険者の饗宴) | Kenichi Kawamura | Hideyuki Kurata | Kenichi Kawamura | December 23, 2018 (2018-12-23) |
| Goblin Slayer concludes that a horde of over a hundred goblins will attack the farm soon. He warns Cow Girl he cannot fight that many goblins in the open and urges her to run, but she refuses to abandon her home for a second time. Goblin Slayer heads to town to ask the other adventurers for help. They refuse at first since there's no quest or reward posted for fighting the goblin horde. Goblin Slayer then offers everything he owns: equipment, assets, knowledge, and time, as the reward for helping him fight. Sensing how serious Goblin Slayer is about the situation, Spearman and Witch agree to fight with him, as well as the two rookie adventurers Goblin Slayer helped, and Goblin Slayer's party also joins without question, for the rewards of food or drink afterward or him joining an adventure. Guild Girl then announces that she's posted a bounty of one gold for each dead goblin, which convinces the rest of the adventurers to join. Goblin Slayer warns the horde's adventurers are being led by a Goblin Lord, a highly intelligent goblin specializing in leadership. He devises an effective strategy for the adventurers to fight the horde, and the first few waves of goblins are easily defeated. The Goblin Lord then sends several hobgoblins and Goblin Champions at the adventurers and attempts to flee but is intercepted by Goblin Slayer. | | | | | | | |
| 12 | 12 | "The Fate of an Adventurer"
Transliteration: "Aru Bōkensha no Ketsumatsu" (Japanese: ある冒険者の結末) | Takaharu Ozaki | Hideyuki Kurata | Takaharu Ozaki | December 30, 2018 (2018-12-30) |
| While the veteran adventurers slay the hobgoblins and Goblin Champions, Goblin Slayer fights the Goblin Lord alone but is defeated. However, when Goblin Slayer is about to be killed, Priestess casts two Protection spells to trap the Goblin Lord. The Goblin Lord attempts to trick Priestess by begging for mercy, but this fails, and Goblin Slayer kills him; it's revealed that this was all part of his plan, acting as bait so Priestess could entrap the Lord. After all the Goblins are killed and the farm secured, the adventurers return to the Guild to celebrate, where Goblin Slayer confides to Cow Girl, who has started to pick up an interest in becoming an adventurer. He removes his helm at Priestess' request as her reward, and the other adventurers are surprised to see his face for the first time. In the epilogue, Priestess narrates that Goblin Slayer is just another pawn on the board to the gods, but the gods have taken an interest in him due to his refusal to let the gods roll the dice on his actions, meaning his fate is completely unknown to them. She then remarks Goblin Slayer is still out there fighting. | | | | | | | |

1. Hodgkins, Crystalyn (September 10, 2018). "Goblin Slayer TV Anime Reveals October 6 Premiere, Ending Theme by Soraru". *Anime News Network*. Archived from the original on September 10, 2018. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
2. "Goblin Slayer Light Novel Series Gets TV Anime". *Anime News Network*. February 18, 2018. Archived from the original on February 18, 2018. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
3. "Goblin Slayer Anime's Video Reveals October Premiere". *Anime News Network*. July 9, 2018. Archived from the original on July 11, 2018. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
4. Pineda, Rafael Antonio (October 8, 2018). "Goblin Slayer Anime Listed With 12 Episodes". *Anime News Network*. Archived from the original on October 8, 2018. Retrieved October 8, 2018.
5. Pineda, Rafael Antonio (March 24, 2018). "Goblin Slayer Anime's New Promo Video Reveals Staff". *Anime News Network*. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
6. "Funimation Adds Ulysses, Goblin Slayer, Senran Kagura, Radiant Anime to Fall Season Dub Lineup". Anime News Network. September 25, 2018. Archived from the original on September 26, 2018. Retrieved September 25, 2018.
7. Ressler, Karen (September 3, 2018). "Crunchyroll to Stream Goblin Slayer Anime This Fall". *Anime News Network*. Archived from the original on September 4, 2018. Retrieved September 3, 2018.
8. "STORY" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on November 28, 2018. Retrieved November 28, 2018.

## InfoBox

| *Goblin Slayer* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 1 | |
| No. of episodes | 12 |
| Release | |
| Original network | AT-X |
| Original release | October 7 (2018-10-07)
December 30, 2018 (2018-12-30) |
| Season chronology | |
|


abstract: The United Arab Republic women's national basketball team or in was a historical women's national basketball team that existed between the year 1958–1971 that has represented the United Arab Republic which was a union between Egypt and Syria.

text:
# United Arab Republic women's national basketball team

The **United Arab Republic women's national basketball team** or in (Arabic: منتخب الجمهورية العربية المتحدة للسيدات لكرة السلة) was a historical women's national basketball team that existed between the year 1958–1971 that has represented the **United Arab Republic** which was a union between Egypt (including the occupied Gaza Strip) and Syria.

## History

The United Arab Republic women's national basketball team has since the foundation back in 1958 won two African Championships from 3 appearances but has no appearances of World Championship nor in the Olympics.

## Performance table

### FIBA Africa Championship

| Year | Position | Tournament | Hosts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1966 |  | 1966 FIBA Africa Championship for Women | Guinea |
| 1968 |  | 1968 FIBA Africa Championship for Women | United Arab Republic |
| 1970 |  | 1970 FIBA Africa Championship for Women | Togo |

### African Games

| Year | Position | Tournament | Hosts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1965 |  | 1965 All-Africa Games | Congo |

## InfoBox

United Arab Republic
| Joined FIBA | 1958 |
| --- | --- |
| FIBA zone | FIBA Africa |
| National federation | United Arab Republic Basketball Federation |
| AfroBasket | |
| Appearances | 3 |
| Medals | *Gold:* (1966, 1968) |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


abstract: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1928, adopted unanimously on June 7, 2010, after recalling resolutions 825 (1993), 1540 (2004), 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009) and 1887 (2009) on the topics of North Korea and nuclear weapons, the Council extended the mandate of a panel of experts monitoring sanctions against the country until June 12, 2011. The Security Council determined that the proliferation and delivery of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons constituted a threat to international peace and security. Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the Council extended the mandate of the expert panel established in Resolution 1874 to monitor the newly strengthened sanctions regime against North Korea, imposed after an underground nuclear test conducted in May 2009. The panel was requested to provide a report by November 12, 2010 and a second report 30 days prior to the termination of its current mandate with its findings and recommendations. Finally, all states, United Nations agencies and others were urged to co-operate fully with the Committee of the Security Council established in Resolution 1718 and the expert panel.

text:
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1928

**United Nations Security Council Resolution 1928**, adopted unanimously on June 7, 2010, after recalling resolutions 825 (1993), 1540 (2004), 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009) and 1887 (2009) on the topics of North Korea and nuclear weapons, the Council extended the mandate of a panel of experts monitoring sanctions against the country until June 12, 2011.

The Security Council determined that the proliferation and delivery of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons constituted a threat to international peace and security. Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the Council extended the mandate of the expert panel established in Resolution 1874 to monitor the newly strengthened sanctions regime against North Korea, imposed after an underground nuclear test conducted in May 2009. The panel was requested to provide a report by November 12, 2010 and a second report 30 days prior to the termination of its current mandate with its findings and recommendations.

Finally, all states, United Nations agencies and others were urged to co-operate fully with the Committee of the Security Council established in Resolution 1718 and the expert panel.

## InfoBox

| UN Security Council
Resolution 1928 | |
| --- | --- |
| Reactor at the Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center in North Korea | |
| Date | 7 June 2010 |
| Meeting no. | 6,333 |
| Code | S/RES/1928 (Document) |
| Subject | **Non-proliferation
Democratic People's Republic of Korea** |
| Voting summary | * **15 voted for** * **None voted against** * **None abstained** |
| Result | Adopted |
| Security Council composition | |
| Permanent members |  |
| Non-permanent members |  |
|  | |


abstract: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1925, adopted unanimously on May 28, 2010, after reaffirming previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) until June 30, 2010, authorised a withdrawal of 2,000 troops and decided that from July 1, 2010, MONUC would be known as the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) with a mandate until June 30, 2011. The President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Joseph Kabila, had asked for the force to leave the country by 2011 but human rights groups warned that a sudden withdrawal would cause more conflict and instability.

text:
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1925

**United Nations Security Council Resolution 1925**, adopted unanimously on May 28, 2010, after reaffirming previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) until June 30, 2010, authorised a withdrawal of 2,000 troops and decided that from July 1, 2010, MONUC would be known as the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) with a mandate until June 30, 2011.

The President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Joseph Kabila, had asked for the force to leave the country by 2011 but human rights groups warned that a sudden withdrawal would cause more conflict and instability.

## Resolution

### Observations

In the preamble of Resolution 1925, the Council noted the progress made in the Democratic Republic of the Congo over the past 15 years and stressed the responsibility of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo of the respect for human rights, rule of law and international humanitarian law, and the disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of Congolese and foreign troops. There were significant security problems in the east of the country, particularly in the Kivus and Orientale regions. Addressing the situation in the Great Lakes region as a whole, the Council emphasised the illicit trade of natural resources and arms trafficking as major factors contributing to the conflicts in the region, and greater regional efforts were needed to tackle the issue, including legal action against the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR).

The Council supported the efforts of the government to finalise plans for local, general and presidential elections. There was concern about the effects of armed conflicts on the civilian population, including targeted attacks, widespread sexual violence and use of child soldiers. It condemned attacks on United Nations peacekeepers and humanitarian personnel, and welcomed commitments made by the Democratic Republic of the Congo government to bring those responsible to justice.

### Acts

The text of the resolution was enacted under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, thus making its provisions legally enforceable.

The Security Council extended MONUC's mandate and renamed it to MONUSCO from July 2010. It decided that MONUSCO would comprise a maximum of 19,815 military troops, 760 military observers, 391 police and 1,050 personnel of formed police units. A withdrawal of 2,000 troops from areas where the situation permitted it do so was authorised; the withdrawal was smaller than what the Congolese government had asked for. The force would be concentrated primarily in the east of the country with three main objectives:

(a) completing military operations in the Kivus and Orientale provinces; (b) establishing security forces to take on MONUSCO's role and improve the capacity of Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to protect civilians; (c) consolidating state authority throughout the territory.

MONUSCO's mandate emphasised the protection of civilians, United Nations and humanitarian personnel in addition to completing operations against the FDLR, Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) and other groups. It also included reform of the Congolese police, military, legal and judicial systems, preparations for elections and demining activities. MONUSCO was requested to collect information on violations of human rights and international humanitarian law and ensure regular contact with the civilian population on its activities and mandate. The Council also demanded that the FDLR and LRA immediately end violence against the population, including rape and sexual abuse.

The resolution concluded by requesting three reports from the Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on October 11, 2010 and January 21 and May 13, 2011 concerning developments on the ground.

## InfoBox

| UN Security Council<br>Resolution 1925 | |
| --- | --- |
| MONUC peacekeepers | |
| Date | 28 May 2010 |
| Meeting no. | 6,324 |
| Code | S/RES/1925 (Document) |
| Subject | **The situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo** |
| Voting summary | * **15 voted for** * **None voted against** * **None abstained** |
| Result | Adopted |
| Security Council composition | |
| Permanent members |  |
| Non-permanent members |  |
|  | |


abstract: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1931, adopted unanimously on June 29, 2010, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 1581 (2005), 1597 (2005), 1613 (2005), 1629 (2005), 1660 (2006), 1668 (2006), 1800 (2008), 1837 (2008), 1849 (2008), 1877 (2009), 1900 (2009) and 1915 (2010), the Council noted that the 2010 target for the completion of trials at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) could not be met, and therefore extended the terms of 23 judges at the ICTY.

text:
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 1931

**United Nations Security Council Resolution 1931**, adopted unanimously on June 29, 2010, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 1581 (2005), 1597 (2005), 1613 (2005), 1629 (2005), 1660 (2006), 1668 (2006), 1800 (2008), 1837 (2008), 1849 (2008), 1877 (2009), 1900 (2009) and 1915 (2010), the Council noted that the 2010 target for the completion of trials at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) could not be met, and therefore extended the terms of 23 judges at the ICTY.

## Resolution

### Observations

The Security Council recalled resolutions 1503 (2003) and 1534 (2004) which called for the completion of all ICTY cases by 2010. It noted however that the ICTY was unable to complete its work by 2010 and had a new estimation date of mid-2012, and expressed concern at the loss of experienced staff at the Tribunal. Earlier in 2009 the Council expressed its intention to review the terms of all trial judges at the ICTY. It noted the desirability of nine ad litem judges serving beyond their planned three-year term, and further noted that one permanent and three ad litem judges were to leave in 2010 upon the completion of their cases.

### Acts

Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the Council reaffirmed the necessity of the trial of those indicted by the ICTY and called for full co-operation from all states, particularly those in the former Yugoslavia, with regard to the arrests of Ratko Mladić and Goran Hadžić. It also acknowledged that the Tribunal had to be adequately staffed.

The following permanent judges had their terms extended until December 31, 2012 or until the completion of their cases or their terms in the Appeals Chamber:

The following permanent judges had their terms extended until December 31, 2011 or until the completion of their cases:

* Jean-Claude Antonetti (France)
* Guy Delvoie (Belgium)
* Burton Hall (Bahamas)
* Christoph Flügge (Germany)
* O-Gon Kwon (South Korea)
* Bakone Justice Moloto (South Africa)
* Howard Morrison (United Kingdom)
* Alphons Orie (Netherlands)

The following ad litem judges had their terms extended until December 31, 2011 or until the completion of their cases:

* Melville Baird (Trinidad and Tobago)
* Pedro David (Argentina)
* Elizabeth Gwaunza (Zimbabwe)
* Frederik Harhoff (Denmark)
* Flavia Lattanzi (Italy)
* Antoine Kesia-Mbe Mindua (Democratic Republic of Congo)
* Prisca Matimba Nyambe (Zambia)
* Michèle Picard (France)
* Árpád Prandler (Hungary)
* Stefan Trechsel (Switzerland)

The terms of the ad litem judges, with the exception of Prisca Matimba Nyambe, would be allowed to sit beyond the cumulative period provided for in the Statute of the ICTY. Finally, the Security Council stated its intention to extend the terms of office of judges by June 30, 2011, depending on the agenda of the Tribunal.

## InfoBox

| UN Security Council<br>Resolution 1931 | |
| --- | --- |
| Hungarian judge Árpád Prandler, whose term was extended in Resolution 1931 | |
| Date | 29 June 2010 |
| Meeting no. | 6,348 |
| Code | S/RES/1931 (Document) |
| Subject | **International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia** |
| Voting summary | * **15 voted for** * **None voted against** * **None abstained** |
| Result | Adopted |
| Security Council composition | |
| Permanent members |  |
| Non-permanent members |  |
|  | |


title: Union Bank (Tallahassee, Florida)

abstract: The Union Bank of Tallahassee, Florida was established around 1830 and the bank building constructed for it in 1841. It is Florida's oldest surviving bank building. It is located at Apalachee Parkway and Calhoun Street and is now a museum and archive and research center for African American history. On February 24, 1971, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

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# Union Bank (Tallahassee, Florida)

The **Union Bank** of Tallahassee, Florida was established around 1830 and the bank building constructed for it in 1841. It is Florida's oldest surviving bank building. It is located at Apalachee Parkway and Calhoun Street and is now a museum and archive and research center for African American history. On February 24, 1971, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

## History

The Union Bank building was completed in 1841 as Tallahassee's first bank by William Williams when Florida was still a territory (Florida Territory). It was chartered to help finance local cotton plantations. It closed in 1843 due to the Seminole Wars, unsound banking practices, and the long recession following the Panic of 1837.

In 1847, the bank was purchased by cotton plantation owners William Bailey and Isaac Mitchell.

After the Civil War, the bank building reopened as the Freedman's Savings and Trust Company in 1868 for emancipated slaves. It later served as a church, feed store, art house, coffee house, dance studio, locksmith's shop, beauty shop, and shoe factory.

## Willis Jiles

Willis Jiles, originally Giles, (1874 - 1963) owned a cobbler shop in the building in the 1920s. Jiles was a graduate of the Tuskegee Institute. His children with wife Sadie graduated from Florida A & M and Xavier University.

## Relocation

In 1971, the bank building was moved from its original site on the west side of Adams Street between College Avenue and Park Avenue, to just east of the Capitol on Apalachee Parkway and Calhoun Avenue where it underwent restoration and was opened as a museum in 1984.

## Southeastern Regional Black Archives Research Center and Museum

The Union Bank building now serves as an extension of the Florida A&M University **Southeastern Regional Black Archives, Research Center and Museum**. The site is also known as the **Capitol Complex Extension Branch of the Southeastern Regional Black Archives**.

The museum is open to the public and school groups only on weekdays. Artifacts and documents reflecting black history and culture in Florida are on display, and public programs are provided by Black Archives staff.

The main location for the Southeastern Regional Black Archives, Research Center and Museum is located at the Carnegie Library at FAMU.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Union Bank | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Union Bank | |
|  | |
| Location | Tallahassee, Florida |
| Coordinates | 30°26′15″N 84°16′48″W / 30.43750°N 84.28000°W / 30.43750; -84.28000 |
| NRHP reference No. | 71000242 |
| Added to NRHP | February 24, 1971 |


title: Union Bank Building

abstract: The Union Bank Building, located in the Exchange District of Winnipeg, Manitoba, is the first skyscraper in Canada, once forming the northern end of Main Street's prestigious Banker's Row. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1997. The 11-storey building towers over its neighbours at a height of 47.58 metres (156.1 ft). Beginning construction in 1903 and opening in November 1904, the Union Bank Tower was the tallest building in Winnipeg at its completion, beating the eight stories of the newly-built Merchants' Bank building. At the time of opening, the top floor of Union Bank was the second-highest in the British Empire, just 1 metre (3.3 ft) below London's tallest building. Union Bank Tower is the oldest surviving of Canada's tallest buildings to incorporate a steel skeleton structure that fully supports a light-weight, veneer 'curtain wall' facade—a design innovation that facilitated the proliferation of skyscrapers in the 20th century. The Merchants' Bank building proceeded it by several years in use of steel structure construction. Moreover, Union Bank Tower had the largest and fastest elevator in Western Canada and was the first building in the nation to introduce the modern concept of a general contractor to oversee construction. Initially built for the Union Bank of Canada, it remained vacant for 18 years beginning in the late 1990s, until it was redeveloped into the Paterson GlobalFoods Institute and student housing for Red River College in 2013.

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# Union Bank Building

The **Union Bank Building** (aka the **Union Bank Tower** or **Former Union Bank Building and Annex**), located in the Exchange District of Winnipeg, Manitoba, is the first skyscraper in Canada, once forming the northern end of Main Street's prestigious Banker's Row. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1997.

The 11-storey (including mezzanine) building towers over its neighbours at a height of 47.58 metres (156.1 ft). Beginning construction in 1903 and opening in November 1904, the Union Bank Tower was the tallest building in Winnipeg at its completion, beating the eight stories of the newly-built Merchants' Bank building (now demolished). At the time of opening, the top floor of Union Bank was the second-highest in the British Empire, just 1 metre (3.3 ft) below London's tallest building.

Union Bank Tower is the oldest surviving of Canada's tallest buildings to incorporate a steel skeleton structure that fully supports a light-weight, veneer 'curtain wall' facade—a design innovation that facilitated the proliferation of skyscrapers in the 20th century. The Merchants' Bank building proceeded it by several years in use of steel structure construction. Moreover, Union Bank Tower had the largest and fastest elevator in Western Canada and was the first building in the nation to introduce the modern concept of a general contractor to oversee construction.

Initially built for the Union Bank of Canada, it remained vacant for 18 years beginning in the late 1990s, until it was redeveloped into the Paterson GlobalFoods Institute and student housing for Red River College in 2013.

## Original construction

As an example of the Chicago architectural school, the building was constructed with a network of steel and reinforced concrete that provided support for the brick and terracotta walls. This technology was cutting edge for its time, as the previously-common building support system was that of wooden beams and posts or masonry. The steel framing accordingly increased the overall rigidity and fire resistance of the structure compared to its predecessors.

The structure is built on a floating platform base, its foundation being supported by large concrete caissons. At the time of its original construction, the building rose to 47.58 metres (156.1 ft) above grade, running 18.30 metres (60.0 ft) on Main Street, 33.55 metres (110.1 ft) along William Avenue, 24.71 metres (81.1 ft) at the rear, and 34.16 metres (112.1 ft) on its south side.

At the time, the spacious ground floor was to be used entirely as a banking room, including marble Ionic columns, patterned marble floor, coffered ceiling with moulded plaster elements. The rest of the building was divided into suites of offices, each with its own vault, telephone box, and lavatory; moreover, the building was to have three elevators.

Designed by two of Canada’s top architects, Frank Darling and John Andrew Pearson, the Union Bank Tower follows the classical palazzo model, one of two Beaux Arts-inspired forms used for early skyscrapers. The design is based on a classical column. The bottom two storeys form the base and are highly ornamented. The middle storeys form the body of the column and are less ornamented, and the upper level have similar embellishment to the ground floor.

## History

Reflecting the central role played by finance in the expansion of the West from 1896 to 1914, the building began construction in 1903.

Designed by two of Canada’s top architects, Frank Darling and John Andrew Pearson, the Union Bank Tower is an example of the Chicago architectural style. With an initial construction cost of C$420,000, the building was built by two New York City construction firms: George A. Fuller Company and Thompson–Starrett Co. The frame of riveted interlocking girders was manufactured by Dominion Bridge of Montreal, and the ochre brick came from the Lac du Bonnet brickworks.

The building officially opened in November 1904. In 1921, a single-storey annex was added to the original 10-storey tower to accommodate the Bank's savings department.

The Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) took over the Union Bank in 1925, and operated out of the Union Bank Building until 1992. (The building served as the main branch for the Royal Bank in Winnipeg until 1966.) In 1992, the Royal Bank moved out of the building and to a new location at James Avenue and Main Street.

On September 22, 1997, the Government of Canada designated the building as a National Historic Site.

The building sat vacant for 18 years before being renovated, repurposed and opened as the Paterson GlobalFoods Institute of Red River College in 2013.

### Paterson Globalfoods Institute

In May 2009, the Government of Canada pledged Red River College Polytechnic (RRC Polytech, then known as Red River College) with $9.5 million of funding to help reconstruct the Union Bank Building at the corner of Main Street and William Avenue in downtown Winnipeg to house the new Paterson GlobalFoods Institute. The Paterson Globalfoods Institute is an addition to RRC PolytechExchange District Campus that was completed in January 2013, and serves as the new home of the Culinary Arts, Hospitality and Tourism Management and Professional Baking and Patisserie programs.

The Manitoba government also announced a contribution of $5 million towards the construction of the building. The project was developed by RRC Polytech, with additional project partners including: Paterson GlobalFoods Inc., Centre Venture, City of Winnipeg, Province of Manitoba, Government of Canada, and Prairie Architects. Both the exterior as well as a significant amount of the interior of the Tower (including the main floor banking hall) were fully restored as part of the renovation.

The new 100,000-square-foot (9,300 m2) institute provides classroom and kitchen space and two restaurants on the first three floors, a rooftop patio and garden, as well as residence for 103 students on the floors above. The housing units are available in one or two bedroom configurations. The renovation was expected to cost $34 million, up from the initial $27 million estimate, and involved the addition of two new glass fronted structures adjacent to the existing Union Bank Tower. The new adjacent structures were required for the project because the tower itself could not house the necessary heating and cooling systems. The adjacent structure is located on the lot formerly occupied by the Leland Hotel which burned down in 1999.

Jane's Restaurant is an 80-seat fine dining restaurant located in the renovated main banking hall. The building also features a 94-seat casual cafe called the "Culinary Exchange", and "Grab-and-Go", a quick service food outlet.

## InfoBox

| Union Bank Building | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Alternative names | Paterson Globalfoods Institute Royal Bank Building
Royal Bank Tower |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Classical palazzo |
| Location | Exchange District, Winnipeg, Manitoba |
| Address | 500–504 Main Street |
| Town or city | Winnipeg |
| Country | Canada |
| Coordinates | 49°53′56″N 97°08′22″W / 49.8988°N 97.1394°W / 49.8988; -97.1394 |
| Current tenants | Paterson GlobalFoods Institute, Red River College |
| Construction started | 1903 |
| Completed | 1904 |
| Opened | November 1904 |
| Renovated | 2013 |
| Cost | $420,000 |
| Renovation cost | $34 million |
| Height | |
| Architectural | 47.58 meters (156.1 ft) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 10 (plus mezzanine) |
| Design and construction | |
| Architecture firm | Pearson and Darling |
| Main contractor |  |
| Designations |  |
| National Historic Site of Canada | |
| Official name | Former Union Bank Building / Annex National Historic Site of Canada |
| Designated | September 22, 1996 |
| Reference no. | 1136 |
|  | |
| Municipally Designated Site | |
| Designation | Winnipeg Landmark Heritage Structure |
| Recognized | July 18, 1995 (1995-07-18) |
| CRHP listing | January 29, 2008 (2008-01-29) |
| Recognition authority | City of Winnipeg |
| ID | 8645 |
|  | |
|  | |
| References | |
| Canada's Historic Places | |


title: Gmina Suchy Dąb

abstract: Gmina Suchy Dąb is a rural gmina in Gdańsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Suchy Dąb, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Pruszcz Gdański and 20 km (12 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk. The gmina covers an area of 84.98 square kilometres (32.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,832.

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# Gmina Suchy Dąb

**Gmina Suchy Dąb** is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Gdańsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Suchy Dąb, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Pruszcz Gdański and 20 km (12 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 84.98 square kilometres (32.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,832.

## Villages

Gmina Suchy Dąb contains the villages and settlements of Grabina-Duchowne, Grabiny-Zameczek, Grabowe Pole, Grabowo, Koźliny, Krzywe Koło, Krzywe Koło-Kolonia, Osice, Ostrowite, Ptaszniki, Steblewo, Suchy Dąb and Wróblewo.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Suchy Dąb is bordered by the gminas of Cedry Wielkie, Lichnowy, Ostaszewo, Pruszcz Gdański, Pszczółki and Tczew.

## InfoBox

| Gmina Suchy Dąb Suchy Dąb Commune | |
| --- | --- |
| Gmina | |
|  | |
| Coordinates (Suchy Dąb): 54°12′24″N 18°46′3″E / 54.20667°N 18.76750°E / 54.20667; 18.76750 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Gdańsk |
| Seat | Suchy Dąb |
| Area | |
| Total | 84.98 km2 (32.81 sq mi) |
| Population (2006) | |
| Total | 3,832 |
| Density | 45/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Website | http://www.suchy-dab.pl |


abstract: The U.S. Post Office-Lihue, also known as Lihue Post Office, in Lihue, Hawaii, was built in 1939. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The Mission Revival style architecture of the building is an accommodation to local citizens who did not want the standard neo-classical design of many mainland U.S. post offices.

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# United States Post Office (Lihue, Hawaii)

The **U.S. Post Office-Lihue**, also known as **Lihue Post Office**, in Lihue, Hawaii, was built in 1939. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The Mission Revival style architecture of the building is an accommodation to local citizens who did not want the standard neo-classical design of many mainland U.S. post offices.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| U.S Post Office, Lihue | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 4441 Rice Street, Lihue, Hawaii |
| Coordinates | 21°58′46″N 159°22′19″W / 21.97944°N 159.37194°W / 21.97944; -159.37194 |
| Area | 0.6 acres (0.24 ha) |
| Built | 1939 |
| Architect | Louis A. Simon |
| Architectural style | Mission Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 89002011 |
| Added to NRHP | November 28, 1989 |


title: Union des artistes

abstract: The Union des artistes is a Quebec-based labour organization representing stage, television, radio, and film performers in French-language media in Canada. It represents over 6,900 members and is affiliated with the International Federation of Actors (FIA). The current president is Tania Kontoyanni. The UDA was founded in 1937 by the singer René Bertrand. It has been recognized under Quebec law since 1987 and under federal law since 1992.

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# Union des artistes

The **Union des artistes** (**UDA**; literally "Union of Artists") is a Quebec-based labour organization representing stage, television, radio, and film performers in French-language media in Canada. (The English-language labour organization is the Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists.) It represents over 6,900 members and is affiliated with the International Federation of Actors (FIA). The current president is Tania Kontoyanni.

The UDA was founded in 1937 by the singer René Bertrand. It has been recognized under Quebec law since 1987 and under federal law since 1992.

## Presidents

## InfoBox

Union des artistes
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | UDA |
| Formation | 1937 (1937) |
| Founder | René Bertrand |
| Type | Trade union |
| Headquarters | Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| Location | * Canada |
| Membership | 6,900 |
| Official language | French |
| President | Tania Kontoyanni |
| Director general | Alexandre Curzi |
| Affiliations | International Federation of Actors |
| Website | uda.ca |
| Formerly called | * Fédération des artistes de la radio (1937–1942) * Union des artistes lyriques et dramatiques (1942–1952) |


title: Glymdrápa

abstract: Glymdrápa is a skaldic poem composed by Þorbjörn Hornklofi, the court poet of King Harald I of Norway. Composed toward the end of the 9th century, the poem recounts several battles waged by King Harald, mostly as he was uniting Norway. Composed in dróttkvætt, only seven stanzas and two half-stanzas are preserved, chiefly in the Heimskringla. Glymdrápa is the oldest praise poem to a king (konungsdrápa) which has come down to us. The poem has few clear geographical or historical points of reference, and the two sagas which quote it, Heimskringla and Fagrskinna interpret it differently. In Heimskringla, the poem is said to recount Harald's fight against the people of Orkdal at Oppdal forest (Uppdalsskógr), first against Huntiof, King of Nordmøre (Húnþjófr), his son Solve Klove (Sölvi) and his father-in-law King Nokkve (Nökkvi), king of Romsdal; second against Sölvi and his allies Arnviðr, king of Sunnmøre, and Auðbjörn, who ruled over the Fjords in the districts of Nordfjord and Sunnfjord. Lastly Harald's battles in Gotland and finally his expedition westwards to fight Vikings, which led him to the Isle of Man. According to Fagrskinna's account, part of the poem relates events of the Battle of Hafrsfjord, the decisive battle in King Harald's unification of Norway.

text:
# Glymdrápa

***Glymdrápa*** ("*Drápa* of din") is a skaldic poem composed by Þorbjörn Hornklofi, the court poet of King Harald I of Norway (*Haraldr hárfagri*). Composed toward the end of the 9th century, the poem recounts several battles waged by King Harald, mostly as he was uniting Norway.

Composed in *dróttkvætt*, only seven stanzas and two half-stanzas are preserved, chiefly in the *Heimskringla* (*Haralds saga hárfagra*). *Glymdrápa* is the oldest praise poem to a king (*konungsdrápa*) which has come down to us. The poem has few clear geographical or historical points of reference, and the two sagas which quote it, *Heimskringla* and *Fagrskinna* interpret it differently.

In *Heimskringla*, the poem is said to recount Harald's fight against the people of Orkdal at Oppdal forest (*Uppdalsskógr*), first against Huntiof, King of Nordmøre (*Húnþjófr*), his son Solve Klove (*Sölvi*) and his father-in-law King Nokkve (*Nökkvi*), king of Romsdal; second against Sölvi and his allies Arnviðr, king of Sunnmøre, and Auðbjörn, who ruled over the Fjords in the districts of Nordfjord and Sunnfjord. Lastly Harald's battles in Gotland and finally his expedition westwards to fight Vikings, which led him to the Isle of Man.

According to *Fagrskinna's* account, part of the poem relates events of the Battle of Hafrsfjord, the decisive battle in King Harald's unification of Norway.

## Primary Sources

## Other sources

* Boyer, Régis (1990) *La Poésie scaldique*. Paris: Éd. du Porte-glaive. ISBN 2-906468-13-4.
* Faulkes, Anthony (ed.) (1998) *Snorri Sturluson: Edda. Skáldskaparmál*. Vol. 2, *Glossary and Index of Names*. London: Viking Society for Northern Research. ISBN 0-903521-38-5


abstract: The U.S. Customs House or "Edificio Aduana" is a historic custom house building located at Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. As of February 10, 1988, the building was owned by the U.S. Customs Service, Washington, D.C.

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# United States Custom House (Mayagüez, Puerto Rico)

The **U.S. Customs House** or "Edificio Aduana" is a historic custom house building located at Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. As of February 10, 1988, the building was owned by the U.S. Customs Service, Washington, D.C.

## History

It was built in 1838 to accommodate and lodge distinguished visitors that reached the port of Mayagüez. In 1898 the building became a custom house. It originally had two floors but the second story was destroyed by the earthquake of 1918. Its present architectonic line is from the year 1924, being the work of engineers Huiguera and Besosa, being its architect Mr. Rafael Carmoega. On September 30, 1981, it was declared a Historical Building of the United States.

## Architecture

The most important construction of the city of Mayagüez in attention to its general aesthetic values it is a beautiful building of "anfipróstilo" (two portals) style. Doric order (capitel) its influence being grecoroman, Tuscan and numbering "octástila" in smooth column (fuste) and "basas áticas". The building is surrounded by arches and semi-pilasters that puts one in contact with a neoclassical style of Roman influence. It exhibits two pediments very sincréticos decorative and balustrades. The structures upper portions are adorned with plates and "dentellones" of baroque influence. Its interior is of great beauty and of a Renaissance aesthetics of the Michelangelo style. The structure is manufactured completely in reinforced concrete and the floors of terrazzo edged with white marble.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Customs House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Puerto Rico Historic Sites and Zones | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Comercio, Candelaria (former *McKinley*),
Manuel Pirallo and Aduana Streets
Mayagüez, Puerto Rico |
| Coordinates | 18°12′23.27″N 67°9′4.96″W / 18.2064639°N 67.1513778°W / 18.2064639; -67.1513778 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1838 |
| Architect | Rafael Carmoega |
| Architectural style | Beaux-arts |
| MPS | United States Custom Houses in Puerto Rico MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 88000076 |
| RNSZH No. | 2003-25-(1-9) JP-SH |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | February 10, 1988 |
| Designated RNSZH | January 24, 2003 |


title: Mohsen Mostafavi

abstract: Mohsen Mostafavi is an Iranian-American architect and educator. Mostafavi is currently the Alexander and Victoria Wiley Professor of Design at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. From 2008 through 2019, Mostafavi served as the school's dean.

text:
# Mohsen Mostafavi

**Mohsen Mostafavi** (born 1954 in Isfahan) is an Iranian-American architect and educator. Mostafavi is currently the Alexander and Victoria Wiley Professor of Design at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. From 2008 through 2019, Mostafavi served as the school's dean.

## Career

Mostafavi received a Bachelor of Architecture from the Architectural Association School of Architecture in 1976. He would later teach at Cambridge University, the Städelschule, the University of Pennsylvania, and Harvard University.

On January 1, 2008, Mostafavi was named Dean and Alexander and Victoria Wiley Professor of Design at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design. He had previously been the Gale and Ira Drukier Dean and Arthur L. and Isabel B. Wiesenberger Professor in Architecture at the Cornell University College of Architecture, Art, and Planning.

Mostafavi also serves on the steering committee of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture. He has served on the design committee of the London Development Agency and the Royal Gold Medal. Mostafavi was the head of the LafargeHolcim Awards for Sustainable Construction for Europe in 2005, for the global jury in 2006, and for North America in 2008.

## Works

* *On Weathering: The Life of Buildings in Time*, with David Leatherbarrow, 1993, ISBN 978-0262631440
* *Manuel Brullet*, with Josep Quetglas, 1998, ISBN 978-8425217524
* *Approximations: The Architecture of Peter Märkli*, 2002, ISBN 978-0262134002
* *Surface Architecture*, 2002, ISBN 978-0262621946
* *Landscape Urbanism: A Manual for the Machinic Landscape*, 2003, ISBN 978-1902902302
* *Implicate and Explicate: Aga Khan Award for Architecture*, 2011, ISBN 978-3037782422
* *Nicholas Hawksmoor: London Churches*, with Hélène Binet, 2013, ISBN 978-3037783498
* *Ecological Urbanism*, with Gareth Doherty, 2015, ISBN 978-3037784679
* *Urbanismo ecológico en América Latina*, with Gareth Doherty, Marina Correia, Ana Maria Duran Calisto, and Giannina Braschi, 2019, ISBN 9788425229480.
* *IJP The Book of Surfaces* forward for the book by George L. Legendre, 2003, ISBN 1-902902-32-7

## Personal life

Mostafavi is married to Homa Farjadi, who is currently principal of Farjadi Architects and Professor of Practice at the University of Pennsylvania School of Design.

## InfoBox

| Mohsen Mostafavi | |
| --- | --- |
| Mostafavi in 2009. | |
| Born | 1954 (age 6970)<br>Isfahan, Imperial State of Iran |
| Nationality | Iranian-American |
| Alma mater | Architectural Association School of Architecture |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Spouse | Homa Farjadi |


title: University of Boyacá

abstract: The University of Boyacá is a private university based in the city of Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia.

text:
# University of Boyacá

The **University of Boyacá** is a private university based in the city of Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia.

## History

Boyacá University was founded in the city of Tunja on September 22, 1979, by a native Guateque scholar, Dr. Osmar Correal Cabral, and Dr. Rosita Payeras Cuervo, an economist from Bogotá.

The first headquarters was located in the traditional Passage Vargas as "Higher Education Corporation of Boyacá" which later was transferred to the headquarters of Santander Park, where two technological programs are consolidated.

In 1983 the Institute concentrated its headquarters in the Santo Domingo Senate, which offered more than ten undergraduate academics and two postgraduate academics.

In 1993, after a change in its legal nature, the institution obtained the status of " University of Boyacá". Following that same year, directives began the construction of the first own building on the central campus.

Once the institution fulfilled all the requirements and demands of the Ministry of Education concerning the change of character, on September 16, 2004, university recognition is done by Decree 2910 of the Office of the Minister of National Education.

Currently, the university campus in Tunja has 25,174 sqm of built area, consisting of three buildings for classrooms, a small square building, and two buildings of multiple resources where the science and engineering laboratories are located. Also found in this area are a central academic and administrative building, a biological sciences building, laboratories, and workshops on Fashion Design, Mechatronics Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Psychology. The institution has 3 auditoriums each with a capacity for 512 people, 350 people, and 300 people. At the beginning of 2013, an administrative building with an area of 2000 sqm was inaugurated.

Additional buildings on the campus are also an academic agora, a central square, and a sports area comprising two multiple courts. This space is complemented by a Coliseum with a capacity of 1,000 people; It has a multipurpose court, gym, and aerobics room. In 2011, the university inaugurates a sports campus with more than 36,000 m2, designed for the practice of sports such as tennis, football, volleyball, basketball, microfutbol, and athleticism, among others.

In 2011 the university extended its academic coverage in the department of Boyaca, adding new headquarters for the programs of Law and Political Sciences, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Psychology Specialization in Project Management in the town of Sogamoso as well as in Chiquinquirá with the programs of Law and Political Science and Administration and International Business.

The university offers 20 undergraduate professional programs, 19 graduate programs, and the Master of Urban Planning accredited by the Ministry of Education. In addition, 339 cooperation agreements have been signed for joint projects, exchange, and permanent mobility of teachers, students, and researchers.

## InfoBox

Universidad de Boyacá
| Universidad de Boyacá | |
| --- | --- |
| Motto | "Inspirados en el poder del saber, formar hombres y mujeres libres críticos y comprometidos socialmente" |
| Type | Private |
| Established | September 22, 1979 |
| Location | Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia |
| Nickname | Uniboyaca |
| Website | www.uniboyaca.edu.co |


abstract: Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) is a heliophysics Mission of Opportunity (MOU) for NASA's Explorers program. Led by Richard Eastes at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, which is located at the University of Colorado Boulder, GOLD's mission is to image the boundary between Earth and space in order to answer questions about the effects of solar and atmospheric variability of Earth's space weather. GOLD was one of 11 proposals selected, of the 42 submitted, for further study in September 2011. On 12 April 2013, NASA announced that GOLD, along with the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON), had been selected for flight in 2017. GOLD, along with its commercial host satellite SES-14, launched on 25 January 2018.

text:
# Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk

**Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk** (**GOLD**) is a heliophysics Mission of Opportunity (MOU) for NASA's Explorers program. Led by Richard Eastes at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, which is located at the University of Colorado Boulder, *GOLD*'s mission is to image the boundary between Earth and space in order to answer questions about the effects of solar and atmospheric variability of Earth's space weather. *GOLD* was one of 11 proposals selected, of the 42 submitted, for further study in September 2011. On 12 April 2013, NASA announced that *GOLD*, along with the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (*ICON*), had been selected for flight in 2017. GOLD, along with its commercial host satellite SES-14, launched on 25 January 2018.

## Mission concept and history

*GOLD* is intended to perform a two-year mission imaging Earth's thermosphere and ionosphere from geostationary orbit. *GOLD* is a two-channel far-ultraviolet (FUV) imaging spectrograph built by the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado Boulder and flown as a hosted payload on the commercial communications satellite SES-14. Additional organizations participating in the *GOLD* mission include the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Virginia Tech, the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Central Florida, Computational Physics Inc., the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Boston University, and Clemson University.

In June 2017, SES announced the successful integration of *GOLD* with the SES-14 satellite under construction at Airbus Defence and Space in Toulouse, France. *GOLD* was launched on 25 January 2018 at 22:20 UTC aboard Ariane 5 ECA VA241 from the Centre spatial Guyanais.

## Scientific objectives

The scientific objectives of the *GOLD* mission are to determine how geomagnetic storms alter the temperature and composition of Earth's atmosphere, to analyze the global-scale response of the thermosphere to solar extreme-ultraviolet variability, to investigate the significance of atmospheric waves and tides propagating from below the temperature structure of the thermosphere and to resolve how the structure of the equatorial ionosphere influences the formation and evolution of equatorial plasma density irregularities. The viewpoint provided by *GOLD*'s geostationary orbit   from which the same hemisphere is always observable   is a new perspective on the Earth's upper atmosphere. This viewpoint allows local time, universal time and longitudinal variations of the thermosphere and ionosphere's response to the various forcing mechanisms to be uniquely determined.

## Results

Data from *GOLD* has been used to confirm that variation in the equatorial ionization anomaly at night and in the early morning is governed by atmospheric waves in the lower atmosphere. *GOLD* observations have also implicated gravity waves emanating from the lower atmosphere in the seeding of equatorial plasma bubbles, which degrade GPS performance. GOLD daytime observations of the thermosphere column density ratio of atomic oxygen and nitrogen revealed new findings. First, GOLD observations showed that even weak or minor geomagnetic activity (maximum Kp=1.7) can still generate significant disturbances in the thermosphere and ionosphere. This is crucial for space weather forecasting because the pre-quiet condition before the disturbed time determines the accuracy of the forecast. Second, the neutral tongue, which is an enhancement of O/N2 surrounded by depletion of O/N2 and had only been seen in simulations, was first observed by GOLD. This modified the classic theory of thermospheric composition disturbance during storms. The theory predicted that the disturbance co-rotates from day to night but did not specify what else happens to the depletion.

## InfoBox

Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk
| SES-14 with GOLD (bottom left of satellite) | |
| --- | --- |
| Names | GOLD |
|  | |
| Mission type | Observation of Earth's thermosphere and ionosphere |
| Operator | Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics |
| COSPAR ID | 2018-012B |
| SATCAT no. | 43175 |
| Website | gold.cs.ucf.edu |
| Mission duration | 2 years (planned) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft type | Explorer |
| Manufacturer | Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics |
| Launch mass | 36.8 kg (81 lb) |
| Dimensions | 51 cm × 55 cm × 69 cm (20 in × 22 in × 27 in) |
| Power | 72.4 watts |
|  | |
|  | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 25 January 2018, 22:20 UTC |
| Rocket | Ariane 5 ECA, VA241 |
| Launch site | Centre Spatial Guyanais, Kourou, ELA-3 |
| Contractor | Arianespace |
| Entered service | October 2018 |
|  | |
|  | |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit (planned) |
| Regime | Geostationary orbit |
|  | |
|  | |
| Main Imaging spectrograph | |
| Wavelengths | Far ultraviolet |
|  | |
|  | |
| Transponders | |
| Bandwidth | 6 Mbps |
|  | |
| **Explorers Program** | |


title: Monckton Coke Works

abstract: Monckton Coke Works was a coking plant near Royston in South Yorkshire, England. The plant opened in 1884 and was closed 130 years later in 2014, being one of the last remnants of the coal industry in Yorkshire. In the 21st century, it was known as being the last independent coke works in the United Kingdom. For many years it was known for its high-quality coking coal, even being exported to coal-rich South Africa for use in steelmaking. However, in 2013/2014, the market was swamped with cheap imports from the Far East, spelling the demise of Monckton due to it being uneconomical.

text:
# Monckton Coke Works

**Monckton Coke Works** (formerly the **Monckton Coke and Chemical Company Ltd**) was a coking plant near Royston in South Yorkshire, England. The plant opened in 1884 and was closed 130 years later in 2014, being one of the last remnants of the coal industry in Yorkshire. In the 21st century, it was known as being the last independent coke works in the United Kingdom. For many years it was known for its high-quality coking coal, even being exported to *coal-rich* South Africa for use in steelmaking. However, in 2013/2014, the market was swamped with cheap imports from the Far East, spelling the demise of Monckton due to it being uneconomical.

## History

Several collieries were sunk from 1875 onwards between the towns of Royston and South Hiendley, in South Yorkshire England. A coking plant was built in 1874 to provide coking coal from the adjacent local collieries (typically those known by the name *Monckton*, and later, *New Monckton*). In 1901, the company was registered as *Monckton Coke and Chemical Company Ltd* and was a subsidiary of *New Monckton Collieries* and operated 180 beehive ovens. Between 1976 and 1979, the site was rebuilt with 42 ovens, which operated continuously as opposed to the beehive types that they replaced. These ovens stayed in use until is closure in 2014. In 1994, RJB Mining purchased the site from ICI for £4.7 million, and fed the plant with coal from the Clipstone Colliery in Nottinghamshire.

Coal was dropped from an overhead loader into the ovens below and roasted for 20 hours. This produced the coking coal, but the company also sold the ammonia, tar and benzole, which were byproducts of the coking process. Coke Oven Gas (COG), was sold to a local glass manufacturer, but when this supply ceased, the COG was burnt on site as part of a 12.7 megawatt steam condenser turbine which fed steam back into the coking process, with excess electricity being sold into the National Grid.

By 1999, Monckton was one of three coke works left in Britain, still operating independently of major steelworks which had their coke ovens on site. The Cwm Coking plant at Llantwit Fardre, was closed in 2002, and the Coalite plant, in Derbyshire, had closed by 2004. Hargreaves, a company whose interests include the mining and importation of coal, bought the site from UK Coal for £12 million in 2005.

The main output of the works was coking coal used in the metallurgical industries. Most was destined for customers outside of the United Kingdom; in the 1990s, when RJB Mining took over the concern, coke was exported to Norway. A contract with a company in South Africa, saw the company exporting over 100,000 tonnes (110,000 tons) a year between 2010 and 2014. Some of the coke was destined for the domestic house-fire market and was sold under the branded names of “Sunbrite”, “Monckton Boiler Beans” or "Cosycoke".

In the 20th century, the plant was consuming an average of 790 tonnes (870 tons) of coal and producing 535 tonnes (590 tons) of coke and 9,700,000 cubic feet (276,000 m3) of Coke Oven Gas (COG) every day. This averaged out to be about 200,000 tonnes (220,000 tons) of coke per year. From 2006, the company burnt waste tyres as part of its coking process, whilst receiving financial benefits from the re-use of old tyres. Each oven took 15.5 tonnes (17.1 tons) of coal and baked it at 1,280 °C (2,340 °F) for 20 hours which yielded 11 tonnes (12 tons) of coke.

Nearby collieries supplied raw coal to the plant until the 1960s, with coal also being railed in from Grimethorpe and Clipstone collieries when the Monckton and Royston mines were closed down. Latterly, Maltby Main Colliery was owned by various concerns with the final owners, Hargreaves, also owning Monckton Coke Works. Maltby produced over 1,000,000 tonnes (1,100,000 tons) of coal a year, of which 25% went to Monckton (the other 75% was used in the power generating industry, typically being sent to Drax Power Station). Maltby was closed in 2013, with the closure of Monckton following a year later. During 2014, coal was sourced from other locations owned by Hargreaves.

Monckton had been operating for 130 years when it was closed and had been known as the last independent coking plant in Britain; other coking plants were located on steelworks specifically tailored to the output of the steel making plants. Closure of the plant was brought about by cheaper imports of coke from the Far East being available on the open market.

Mothballing the site was not an option for Hargreaves as when the refractory bricks in the ovens cool, they crack and need to be replaced. Hargreaves spent several million pounds remediating the site, though employees of the company still operate out of the site, though not in connection with coal or coke production. The company have stated an interest in building houses on the site.

## Incidents

In 1880, a boy, Oliver Wilson, who was working at the coke plant, was sent up to the top of one of the ovens to look out for another boy who had not been seen for some time. Whilst he was on top of the oven, another worker at ground level set the mechanism to allow coal to be fed into the top of the oven by gravity. Wilson fell into the oven and was buried by coal in the oven. He suffocated before he could be rescued.

1. Media, Insider. "Monckton coke plant set to close". *insidermedia.com*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
2. "Yorkshire Coalfield". *nmrs.org.uk*. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
3. Historic England. "Monkton Main Colliery\[sic\] (661039)". *Research records (formerly PastScape)*. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
4. "COAL - Records of South Yorkshire Colliery Companies - predecessors of the National Coal Board". *www.calmview.eu*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
5. Bayliss, Derek, ed. (1995). *Industrial archaeology of South Yorkshire*. Telford: The South Yorkshire Industrial History Society. p. 11. ISBN 0-9508448-9-6.
6. "Industrial History Section visit to Monckton Coke Works, Royston, Barnsley" (PDF). *yas.org.uk*. Yorkshire Archaeological Society. Autumn 2014. p. 11. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
7. Thapar, Neil (4 February 1994). "ICI sells Monckton Coke to RJB Mining for pounds 4.7m: Smokeless fuel". *The Independent*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
8. Stothard, Peter, ed. (4 February 1994). "Four pits and 3,000 jobs to go". *The Times*. No. 64, 870. p. 23. ISSN 0140-0460.
9. "Coke Ovens, Monckton Coke & Chemical Company, West Yorkshire | Educational Images | Historic England". *historicengland.org.uk*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
10. Arbon, E I M; Darley, P C (2001). "Experience with power generation from waste". *Sixth International Conference on Engineering for Profit from Waste : 13-14 November 2001 IMechE Headquarters, London, UK*. London: Mechanical Engineering Publications for IMechE. p. 40. ISBN 1-86058-331-8.
11. George, Jemma (5 April 2000). "RJB pays whopper dividend". *Citywire*. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
12. Stratton, Michael; Trinder, Barrie (2000). *Twentieth century industrial archaeology*. Abingdon: E & FN Spon. p. 29. ISBN 0-419-24680-0.
13. Griffiths, Mike (25 April 2016). "People living near the derelict Cwm Coke Works site are calling for it to be demolished". *ITV News*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
14. Broomhead, Michael (30 October 2019). "No homes will be built on former Coalite site - because HS2 will cut straight through it". *Derbyshire Times*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
15. Tighe, Chris (16 February 2016). "Sales to power stations hit in the wake of falling gas prices". *The Financial Times*. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
16. Moore, James (20 July 2016). "Richard Budge - dubbed "King Coal" after buying British Coal from the Government - has died aged 69". *The Independent*. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
17. Pain, Derek (22 April 2006). "It's not a sexy company – but the profits might be". *infoweb.newsbank.com*. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
18. Fagan, Mary (29 March 1994). "RJB ahead by 10% and going for coal". *infoweb.newsbank.com*. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
19. "Hargreaves on target with results despite Maltby Colliery setback". *The Yorkshire Post*. 15 June 2010. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
20. Bounds, Andrew (17 February 2010). "A coalman through and through". *The Financial Times*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
21. "Authorised fuels". *www.legislation.gov.uk*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
22. "Fuels Details - Defra, UK". *smokecontrol.defra.gov.uk*. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
23. Thomas, Larry (2002). *Coal geology*. Chichester: Wiley. p. 306. ISBN 0-471-48531-4.
24. "Time runs out for Monckton coke plant". *The Yorkshire Post*. 12 December 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
25. Blackwell, David (14 February 2006). "Hargreaves lifted by a revival in coal use". *infoweb.newsbank.com*. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
26. "NCB Collieries - England". *nmrs.org.uk*. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
27. Whitehouse, Alan (2017). *Rails through Barnsley : a photographic journey* (2 ed.). Barnsley: Pen & Sword Transport. p. 17. ISBN 978-1-52670-645-4.
28. "Coal Industry (Hansard, 29 March 1993)". *api.parliament.uk*. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
29. Seddon, Mark (11 April 2013). "The long, slow death of the UK coal industry". *The Guardian*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
30. "Demand for Maltby coal soars". *The Yorkshire Post*. 4 September 2007. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
31. Jones, Alan (7 November 2012). "Hargreaves Services announce plans to mothball Maltby coal mine in". *The Independent*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
32. Richardson, Andy (12 December 2014). "North-East miner confirms closure of 130-year old coke plant". *The Northern Echo*. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
33. "Hargreaves warns over future of Monckton coke plant". *The Guardian*. 9 September 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
34. "Monckton coking plant to close". *BBC News*. 12 December 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
35. Bilinski, Laura. "As Monckton Coke Works Closes, Rabbit Ings Enters a New Era". *groundworksy.org.uk*. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
36. "Fate of coking plant to be decided early in new year - Barnsley News from the Barnsley Chronicle". *Barnsley Chronicle*. 29 December 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
37. Baylies, Carolyn (1993). "7: The Union at Branch and District Levels; Grievances and Industrial Action". *The history of the Yorkshire miners, 1881-1918*. London: Routledge. p. 198. ISBN 0415093597.
38. "Durham Mining Museum - Monckton Colliery (UK)". *www.dmm.org.uk*. Retrieved 23 January 2020.

53°36′10″N 1°26′06″W / 53.6029°N 1.4350°W / 53.6029; -1.4350

## InfoBox

Monckton Coke Works
|
|  |
| Industry | Coal |
| Founded | 1884 |
| Defunct | 2014 |
| Fate | Defunct |
| Headquarters | Royston, Barnsley, England |
| Products | Coke |
| Owner | Hargreaves |
| Number of employees | 120 (2014) |


title: Molina's grass mouse

abstract:
Molina's grass mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found only in Argentina.

text:
# Molina's grass mouse

**Molina's grass mouse** (*Akodon molinae*) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Argentina.

## InfoBox

| Molina's grass mouse | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Cricetidae |
| Subfamily: | Sigmodontinae |
| Genus: | *Akodon* |
| Species: | ***A. molinae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Akodon molinae***
Contreras, 1968 | |
|


title: Glyphidocera orthoctenis

abstract: Glyphidocera orthoctenis is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. It is found in Pará, Brazil. The wingspan is about 11 mm. The forewings are pale yellow ochreous, more or less sprinkled with fuscous or dark fuscous. The discal stigmata are rather small, dark fuscous, the plical are little marked. The hindwings are light grey, suffused whitish ochreous on the anterior half.

text:
# Glyphidocera orthoctenis

***Glyphidocera orthoctenis*** is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. It is found in Pará, Brazil.

The wingspan is about 11 mm. The forewings are pale yellow ochreous, more or less sprinkled with fuscous or dark fuscous. The discal stigmata are rather small, dark fuscous, the plical are little marked. The hindwings are light grey, suffused whitish ochreous on the anterior half.

## InfoBox

| *Glyphidocera orthoctenis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Autostichidae |
| Genus: | *Glyphidocera* |
| Species: | ***G. orthoctenis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Glyphidocera orthoctenis***<br>Meyrick, 1923 | |
|


title: Glyphidocera novercae

abstract: Glyphidocera Novercae is a pale brownish yellow moth discovered in Costa Rica in 2005 by David Adamski. A member of the Autostichidae family the moth was located at 5 collection sites. G. Novercae differs from Glyphidocera tibiae also discovered by Adamski at similar collection sites. G. tibiae however has an absence of sex scales between abdominal terga 2–3 in the male and other differing attributes.

text:
# Glyphidocera novercae

***Glyphidocera Novercae*** is a pale brownish yellow moth discovered in Costa Rica in 2005 by David Adamski. A member of the Autostichidae family the moth was located at 5 collection sites. G. Novercae (From Latin Noverca: stepmother) differs from Glyphidocera tibiae (Tibia: meaning reed pipe) also discovered by Adamski at similar collection sites. G. tibiae however has an absence of sex scales between abdominal terga 2–3 in the male and other differing attributes.

## InfoBox

| *Glyphidocera novercae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Autostichidae |
| Genus: | *Glyphidocera* |
| Species: | ***G. novercae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Glyphidocera novercae***<br>Adamski, 2005 | |
|


abstract: The School of Labor and Employment Relations (LER) is a graduate school at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Founded in 1946, the school is the second oldest labor and industrial relations school in the nation. Students at Illinois can earn a Master of Human Resources and Industrial Relations or a PhD in Industrial Relations. The school focuses on the MHRIR program. Until August 2008, LER was known as the Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations. In spring, 2015, the master's program expanded to accommodate an online program targeted to working professionals. Although "there is no formal ranking process for HR/IR programs", the University of Illinois LER is "widely known by employers and students as one of the top three programs in the world for human resources and industrial relations", according to the School of Labor and Employment Relations website.

text:
# University of Illinois School of Labor and Employment Relations

The **School of Labor and Employment Relations** (**LER**) is a graduate school at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Founded in 1946, the school is the second oldest labor and industrial relations school in the nation. Students at Illinois can earn a Master of Human Resources and Industrial Relations (terminal professional degree) or a PhD in Industrial Relations (which is typically accompanied by an M.S. degree during the process of earning the doctorate). The school focuses on the MHRIR program. Until August 2008, LER was known as the Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations. In spring, 2015, the master's program expanded to accommodate an online program targeted to working professionals.

Although "there is no formal ranking process for HR/IR programs", the University of Illinois LER is "widely known by employers and students as one of the top three programs in the world for human resources and industrial relations", according to the School of Labor and Employment Relations website.

## Facilities

The School of Labor and Employment Relations is located at 504 East Armory Avenue in Champaign, just off the South end of the quad. The facility hosts faculty offices, administrative offices, three classrooms, interview rooms and conference rooms. As much of the LER program has interdisciplinary ties with economics, law, psychology and business, some classes and faculty are affiliated with those program's facilities as well.

## Departments

Faculty are organized into the following areas:

* Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior
* Industrial Relations and Labor Studies
* Labor Economics
* Labor Law, Public Policy and Ethics
* International, Comparative, and Cross-Cultural Studies

The School also is home to a statewide Labor Education Program to instruct over 2,000 union members each year. The program offers classes both on the Illinois campus and off campus about trade unions and the collective bargaining process.

1. ""About LER"". Archived from the original on 2013-10-27.
2. "By the numbers". *About*. University of Illinois School of Labor and Employment Relations. Retrieved 25 November 2023.


abstract: The University of Pennsylvania Campus Historic District is a historic district on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The university relocated from Center City to West Philadelphia in the 1870s, and its oldest buildings date from that period. The Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 28, 1978. Selected properties have been recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey, as indicated in the table below. In 1978, the Historic District comprised 28 contributing properties over 117 acres (0.47 km⁲). One of them, the Lea Laboratory of Hygiene, was demolished in 1995. Three contributing properties within the Historic District — College Hall, Furness Library, and Richards Medical Research Laboratories — are separately listed on the NRHP. St. Anthony Hall House is adjacent to the Historic District, and was listed on the NRHP in 2005.

text:
# University of Pennsylvania Campus Historic District

The **University of Pennsylvania Campus Historic District** is a historic district on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The university relocated from Center City to West Philadelphia in the 1870s, and its oldest buildings date from that period. The Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 28, 1978. Selected properties have been recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey, as indicated in the table below.

In 1978, the Historic District comprised 28 contributing properties over 117 acres (0.47 km2). One of them, the Lea Laboratory of Hygiene ("Smith Labs"), was demolished in 1995.

Three contributing properties within the Historic District  College Hall, Furness Library, and Richards Medical Research Laboratories  are separately listed on the NRHP. St. Anthony Hall House is adjacent to the Historic District, and was listed on the NRHP in 2005.

## Contributing properties

**NOTES:**

* The properties below are listed alphabetically by the name used in the 1978 NRHP nomination. Separately listed properties are shaded in blue.
* The No. column indicates numbering within the 1978 NRHP nomination.
* The online version of the 1978 NRHP nomination is missing a page, leaving Building Nos. 6 and 7 unidentified.

| Name | No. | Image | Architect | Built | Address/Location | Notes | HABS No. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bennett Hall
(now Fisher–Bennett Hall) | 17 |  | Stewardson & Page | 1925 | 3340 Walnut Street
(SE corner 34th & Walnut Streets) | Houses the English Department |  |
| "The Castle"
(Psi Upsilon Fraternity) | 24 |  | William D. Hewitt | 1897–1899 | 250 South 36th Street
(SW corner 36th Street & Locust Walk) |  |  |
| College Hall | 21 |  | Thomas W. Richards | 1871–1872 | College Green, south of Locust Walk |
From Woodland Avenue, 1892 | PA-1643 |
| Delta Tau Delta
(now Sweeten Alumni House) | 27 |  | Bissell & Sinkler | 1914
1982 alterations by Dagit/Saylor | 3533 Locust Walk |  |  |
| Delta Upsilon
(now Robbins House) | 26 |  | Lester Kintzing | 1913 | 3537 Locust Walk | Later housed Kappa Alpha Fraternity
Now houses Jerome Fisher Management and Technology Center |  |
| Dental Hall (now Hayden Hall) | 14 |  | Edgar Viguers Seeler | 1896 | 3320 Smith Walk | Became the Fine Arts Building in 1915 | PA-6176 |
| Franklin Field | 9 |  | Day & Brother
Charles Klauder
Horace Trumbauer | 1904
1922, wooden grandstands demolished; concrete grandstands added by Klauder
1925, upper deck added by Trumbauer | 233 South 33rd Street
(NE corner 33rd & South Streets) |
Concrete grandstands under construction, 1922 |  |
| Furness Library
(now Fisher Fine Arts Library) | 18 |

 | Furness and Evans | 1888–1891
1903–1905, Lea Library addition by Furness & Evans
1914–1915 Duhring Wing addition by Furness, Evans & Co.
1931 H. H. Furness Reading Room addition by Robert Rodes McGoodwin
1964 alterations to Duhring Wing by Suer, Livingston & Demas
1986–1991 restoration by Venturi, Rauch, Scott Brown & Associates, CLIO Group, and Marianna Thomas Architects | 220 South 34th Street
(34th Street & Locust Walk) | The Henry Charles Lea Library and Reading Room addition (1905) expanded the library eastward:
The Duhring Wing (1915) expanded the library's bookstacks southward. It was converted into office space in 1964.
The Horace Howard Furness Reading Room addition (1931) expanded the library westward, and housed his Shakespeare collection until 1963. It was converted into the Arthur Ross Gallery in 1983.
The 1986–1991 restoration removed interior partitions, and restored the full 4-story height of the Main Reading Room. | PA-1644 |
| Houston Hall | 20 |  | William C. Hays and Milton Bennett Medary
(under Frank Miles Day) | 1895
1936 expansion by Robert Rodes McGoodwin | 3501 Spruce Street | The 1936 expansion added a 2-story dining hall to the east end, and a student lounge and clubrooms to the west end. |  |
| Hutchinson Gymnasium and Palestra | 11 |  | Day & Klauder
Charles Klauder | 1926, Palestra
1928, Hutchinson Gymnasium | Palestra: 233 South 33rd Street
Hutchinson Gymnasium: 219 South 33rd Street |  |  |
| Irvine Auditorium | 19 |  | Horace Trumbauer | 1926–1932 | 3401 Spruce Street
(NW corner 34th & Spruce Streets) |  |  |
| Lea Laboratory of Hygiene
("Smith Labs")
**DEMOLISHED** | 15 |  | Collins & Autenreith | 1891
Demolished 1995 | 215–225 South 34th Street | Identified in 1978 NRHP nomination as "John Harrison (Smith) Chemistry Lab"
Vagelos Laboratories was built on the site in 1997. | PA-6175 |
| Logan Hall
(originally Medical Hall,
now Claudia Cohen Hall) | 22 |  | Thomas W. Richards | 1874 | 249 South 36th Street
(36th Street between Spruce Street & Woodland Walk) |
Logan Hall in 1890 |  |
| Medical School
(now Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania) | 5 |  | Cope & Stewardson
Stewardson & Page | 1904
1928 | 3620 Hamilton Walk |
John Morgan Building |  |
| Moore School of Electrical Engineering | 12 |  | Morris & Erskine | 1921
1926 renovation by Paul Cret
1940, 3rd story added by Alfred Bendiner | 200 South 33rd Street
(SW corner 33rd & Walnut Streets) |  |  |
| Morgan Laboratory of Physics

2 adjacent buildings:
Morgan Building
Music Building (now Lerner Center) | 16 |

 | Cope & Stewardson | 1890–1892 | Morgan Building: 209 South 34th Street
Music Building: 201 South 34th Street | Built as the Foulke & Long Institute for Orphan Girls of Soldiers and Firemen. Its school became the Morgan Building; its dormitory became the Music Building.
The Morgan Building later housed the School of Nursing.
The Music Building was renovated and expanded into the Lerner Center, 2010. | PA-6177
PA-6177-A
PA-6177-B |
| Phi Delta Theta
(now Jaffe History of Art Building) | 28 |  | Oswin W. Shelly | 1900
1924 alterations
1994 expansion by Tony Atkins | 3405 Woodland Walk
(SW corner 34th & Walnut Streets) | Later housed the Institute for Environmental Studies
Now houses the History of Art Department |  |
| Phi Kappa Sigma | 25 |  | Bissell & Sinkler, and Marmaduke Tilden | 1910 | 3539 Locust Walk
(NE corner 36th Street & Locust Walk) |  |  |
| Quadrangle Dormitories | 3 |  | Cope & Stewardson
Stewardson & Page
Trautwein & Howard | 1895–1912
1912–1929
1945–1959 | 3700 Spruce Street
(bounded by 36th Street, Spruce Street, Woodland Walk, 38th Street, & Hamilton Walk) |
Upper Quad

Lower Quad | PA-1645 |
| Richards Medical Research Laboratories | 4 |  | Louis Kahn | 1962 | 3700–3710 Hamilton Walk |
Entrance porch |  |
| Towne Building | 13 |  | Cope & Stewardson | 1903 | 220 South 33rd Street
(NW corner 33rd Street & Smith Walk) |  |  |
| University Museum | 8 |  | Wilson Eyre, Cope & Stewardson, and Frank Miles Day | 1895-1899
1912 addition by Wilson Eyre
1929 addition by
1971 wing by Mitchell/Giurgola
2020 renovation by | 3260 South Street
(SE corner 33rd & South Streets) |
The Museum commission was shared by three architectural firms. | PA-1646 |
| Veterinary School and Hospital | 1 |  | Cope & Stewardson
Cope & Emlyn Stewardson | 1906
1912 expansion | 3801 Woodland Walk
(NW corner 38th Street & Woodland Walk) | Following John Stewardson's death, Walter Cope partnered with Stewardson's brother, Emlyn. The firm later became Stewardson & Page. |  |
| Weightman Hall
(Gymnasium and Field House) | 10 |  | Frank Miles Day | 1904
1905 White Training House added by Horace Trumbauer | 235 South 33rd Street
(33rd Street between Spruce Street & Smith Walk) |  |  |
| Wistar Institute | 23 |  | G. W. & W. D. Hewitt | 1894
1897 addition by Hewitt Bros. | 3601 Spruce Street
(NW corner 36th & Spruce Streets) |  |  |
| Zoological Laboratory
(now Leidy Laboratories of Biology) | 2 |  | Cope & Stewardson | 1910 | 3740 Hamilton Walk
(SE corner 38th Street & Hamilton Walk) |  |
| Unidentified | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Unidentified | 7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Adjacent to the Historic District

| Name | Image | Architect | Built | Address/Location | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| St. Anthony Hall House
(formerly Delta Psi Fraternity) |  | Cope & Stewardson | 1907 | 3631–3637 Locust Walk | Added to NRHP in 2005 |

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| University of Pennsylvania Campus Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| A 1915 map of the University of Pennsylvania campus | |
|  | |
| Location | Roughly bounded by Hamilton Walk, South, 32nd, Walnut, 36th, Spruce, and 39th Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Coordinates | 39°56′57″N 75°11′40″W / 39.94917°N 75.19444°W / 39.94917; -75.19444 |
| Area | 117 acres (47 ha) |
| Architect | Multiple |
| Architectural style | Late Gothic Revival, Tudor Revival, Romanesque |
| NRHP reference No. | 78002457 |
| Added to NRHP | December 28, 1978 |