title: Fracchia la belva umana

abstract: Fracchia la belva umana, also known as Fracchia the Fanatic or Fracchia the Human Beast, is a 1981 Italian comedy film directed by Neri Parenti. The film is loosely inspired by The Whole Town's Talking. It was screened at the 67th Venice International Film Festival as an Italian comedy. Its cast includes: Paolo Villaggio, Lino Banfi and the then young Massimo Boldi and Francesco Salvi.

text:
# Fracchia la belva umana

***Fracchia la belva umana***, also known as ***Fracchia the Fanatic*** or ***Fracchia the Human Beast***, is a 1981 Italian comedy film directed by Neri Parenti. The film is loosely inspired by The Whole Town's Talking. It was screened at the 67th Venice International Film Festival as an Italian comedy. Its cast includes: Paolo Villaggio, Lino Banfi and the then young Massimo Boldi and Francesco Salvi.

## Plot

Giandomenico Fracchia is a shy and meek employee in a confectionery company, who endures bullying from his boss Dr. Orimbelli, his colleagues and even from his neighbors and cleaning lady. While on a date with reluctant coworker Miss Corvino, Fracchia is repeatedly arrested, questioned and abused by the Police, DIGOS and Carabinieri, on the suspicion of being a violent and ruthless international public enemy, known only by his nickname "The Human Beast", whose exact likeness is shared by Fracchia.

Realizing the striking resemblance, the lawmen provide Fracchia with a pass to attest to his identity. However, the real Human Beast, who has been tailing Fracchia, breaks into his apartment, extorts his pass and sets up base in his house, ordering that the pair never be away from home at the same time. While plotting a bank robbery, the Beast takes Fracchia's place at work, ultimately subduing Orimbelli and Miss Corvino. Due to an announced strike, the Beast's accomplices decide to hit the bank earlier than planned, but they inadvertently collect Fracchia, instead of the Beast, to lead the operation. Despite Fracchia's clumsiness, the heist succeeds.

Police commissioner Auricchio devises a plan to force the Beast out of hiding by leveraging his devotion to his elderly and overprotective mother, luring him to a clinic where she is being treated. However, he mistakenly communicates his plan to the Beast, who has been posing as Fracchia and decides to send the latter to the rendezvous, confident that Fracchia will be killed or imprisoned, thus clearing the Beast of all suspicion. Fracchia does as told as the Beast follows closely behind. The trap is sprung, but Auricchio's plan is botched by the Carabinieri, who arrive on the scene to secure the criminal for themselves. In the commotion, both Fracchia and the Beast are fatally shot.

Arriving in the afterlife together, Fracchia and the Beast discover that the celestial gatekeeper is also relying on Fracchia's pass to identify each: as the Beast, who is still in possession of the pass, is sent to heaven, Fracchia descends into hell as he decries the unfairness of particular judgment.

## Cast

## Production

It was the first of the two films about Fracchia, a character created by Paolo Villaggio, along with the most famous Ugo Fantozzi. Despite being published six years after Fantozzi, and pulling many gags from Fantozzi's movies, the film was a success and became a cult movie. Many gags from the movie became famous (IE the sit on the pouf) and defined the typical repertoire of Paolo Villaggio (right in this film was introduced at the cinema the famous joke «Com'è umano lei!» («How humane you are!») was first born on TV).

Among the characters the noteworthy performances are: Gigi Reder who plays the mother of "The Human Beast" and Anna Mazzamauro who plays the lover of "The Human Beast" (whose love is not reciprocate by Fracchia). Honorary mentions are: two youth Massimo Boldi and Francesco Salvi playing as accomplices of "The Human Beast". Memorables scenes are the gags between the Chief of Police *Commissario Auricchio* (Lino Banfi) and his subordinante *Appuntato De Simone* (Sandro Ghiani).

## InfoBox

| Fracchia la belva umana | |
| --- | --- |
| Italian theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Neri Parenti |
| Written by | Leo Benvenuti, Piero De Bernardi, Paolo Villaggio, Neri Parenti |
| Produced by | Bruno Altissimi, Claudio Saraceni |
| Starring | Paolo Villaggio, Lino Banfi, Gigi Reder, Anna Mazzamauro, Massimo Boldi |
| Cinematography | Alberto Spagnoli |
| Edited by | Sergio Montanari |
| Music by | Fred Bongusto |
| Distributed by | Cecchi Gori Group |
| Release date | * 22 December 1981 (1981-12-22) |
| Running time | 99 minutes |
| Country | Italy |
| Language | Italian |


title: Frachat Glacier

abstract: Frachat Glacier is a glacier flowing southwest from the Rouen Mountains into the Russian Gap on north Alexander Island. In association with other French Antarctic Expedition names in the area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee in 1980 after M. Frachat, the motor engineer on Pourquoi Pas? on the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, one of the first expeditions to take motorized transport to Antarctica.

text:
# Frachat Glacier

**Frachat Glacier** (69°08′00″S 70°58′00″W / 69.13333°S 70.96667°W / -69.13333; -70.96667) is a glacier flowing southwest from the Rouen Mountains into the Russian Gap on north Alexander Island. In association with other French Antarctic Expedition names in the area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee in 1980 after M. Frachat, the motor engineer on *Pourquoi Pas?* on the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, one of the first expeditions to take motorized transport to Antarctica.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Frachat Glacier". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey.


title: Fracchia contro Dracula

abstract: Fracchia contro Dracula is a 1985 Italian horror comedy film directed by Neri Parenti.

text:
# Fracchia contro Dracula

***Fracchia contro Dracula*** is a 1985 Italian horror comedy film directed by Neri Parenti.

## Plot summary

Giandomenico Fracchia, Villaggio's "monstrously shy" character, is tasked to sell a piece of real estate in Transylvania. Otherwise, he will lose his job. The customer is the obtusely nagging and prickly accountant Arturo Filini, who suffers from heavy nearsightedness and does not realize that the manor he is interested in is actually Count Dracula's castle.

Once on the spot, Fracchia is terrified at the going-ons while Filini, in true Mister Magoo-style, dismisses them as 'tricks' to dissuade him from the estate deal. Meanwhile, a young and attractive vampire hunter (Isabella Ferrari) arrives. She is determined to avenge her brother's death, who perished trying to rid the world of Dracula and his cohorts. The events turn even more farcical when Dracula's sister confesses her love for Fracchia to try to avoid being engaged to the Frankenstein Monster. In the end an ash-tipped umbrella seems to solve the situation, but...was it all for real or just a horror-film fueled nightmare?

## Cast

## Release

*Fracchia contro Dracula* was distributed theatrically in Italy by Titanus on December 19, 1986. The film grossed a total of 818,235,000 Italian lire. Film historian and critic Roberto Curti stated that the film was a commercial disappointment being released at a fruitful time of the year and only becoming the 60th highest grossing film in Italy of that year.

### Sources

* Curti, Roberto (2019). *Italian Gothic Horror Films, 1980-1989*. McFarland. ISBN 978-1476672434.

## InfoBox

| Fracchia contro Dracula | |
| --- | --- |
| Italian theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Neri Parenti |
| Screenplay by |  |
| Story by | * Franco Marotta * Laura Toscano * Neri Parenti * Paolo Villaggio |
| Produced by | * Bruno Altissimi * Claudio Saraceni |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Luciano Tovoli |
| Edited by | Sergio Montanari |
| Music by | Bruno Zambrini |
| Production<br>companies | * Maura International Film * Faso Film |
| Distributed by | Titanus |
| Release date | * 19 December 1985 (1985-12-19) (Italy) |
| Running time | 94 minutes |
| Country | Italy |


title: Forrest McKenzie

abstract: Forrest David Walton McKenzie is an American former professional basketball player. He played in six National Basketball Association games.

text:
# Forrest McKenzie

**Forrest David Walton McKenzie** (born February 16, 1963) is an American former professional basketball player. He played in six National Basketball Association games.

## InfoBox

Forrest McKenzie
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1963-02-16) February 16, 1963<br>Camden, New Jersey |
| Nationality | American |
| Listed height | 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) |
| Listed weight | 200 lb (91 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school | Pasadena (Pasadena, California) |
| College | Loyola Marymount (1981–1986) |
| NBA draft | 1986: 3rd round, 48th overall pick |
| Selected by the San Antonio Spurs | |
| Playing career | 1986–2002 |
| Position | Small forward |
| Number | 7 |
| Career history | |
| 1986 | San Antonio Spurs |
| 1988–1989 | Elitzur Ramla |
| 1989–1990 | Clube Desportivo do Montijo |
| 1990–1991 | BCM Gravelines |
| 1991–1992 | Tours Joué Basket |
| 1992–1994 | Maccabi Haifa |
| 1994–1995 | Ajaccio |
| 1995–1996 | Angers BC 49 |
| 1996–1999 | Toulouse Spacers |
| 1999–2000 | JSA Bordeaux |
| 2000–2001 | Saint-Quentin |
| 2001–2002 | Étoile de Charleville-Mézières |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
| * 3× All-WCC (1983, 1984, 1986) | |
|  | |
| Stats  at NBA.com | |
| Stats at Basketball-Reference.com | |


title: Mary Houghton

abstract: Mary Houghton is co-founder of ShoreBank, the largest and oldest community development bank. Houghton, along with Milton Davis, James Fletcher, and Ron Grzywinski purchased in 1973 what was then South Shore Bank to fight redlining in the Chicago neighborhood. She retired as president in May 2010.

text:
# Mary Houghton

**Mary Houghton** is co-founder of ShoreBank, the largest and oldest community development bank. Houghton, along with Milton Davis, James Fletcher, and Ron Grzywinski purchased in 1973 what was then South Shore Bank to fight redlining in the Chicago neighborhood. She retired as president in May 2010.

## Biography

In the early 1980s, Houghton and Grzywinski worked with Muhammad Yunus of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh (Yunus and Grameen Bank received the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize). From 1986 to 2001, Houghton served on the Board of Directors of Accion International.

Houghton serves as a director of Vancity Community Investment Bank in Toronto and served as a director of the Calvert Foundation and Women's World Banking.

She is a member of the Ashoka Global Academy for Social Entrepreneurship.

Houghton received a B.A. *cum laude* from Marquette University and an M.A. in International Studies from Johns Hopkins University.

In 2009, Houghton served as one of six selection committee members for the Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence.

## Awards and honors

Houghton has received several awards and honors:


title: Mary Hortense Webster

abstract: Mary Hortense Webster (1881–1965) was an American sculptor.

text:
# Mary Hortense Webster

**Mary Hortense Webster** (1881–1965) was an American sculptor.

## Biography

Webster had instruction as a painter at the Art Academy of Cincinnati with Barnhorn and Nowattny, the Académie Julian in Paris, Verlet, Waldmann, Paris, with George Hitchcock in the Netherlands, and Charles Hawthorne in Provincetown, Massachusetts. Afterwards, she decided to focus on sculpture as her specialty. Webster trained under the distinguished American portrait sculptor Lorado Taft at the Art Institute of Chicago in his Midway studios, the city in which she eventually settled. She was a native to Oberlin, Ohio and one of the early members of the Women's Art Club of Cleveland. Webster also took classes at Oberlin College for drawing and painting.

Webster was best known for painting and sculpture. Within these mediums, her main subjects were portraits, busts, and sculptures. She was most active in Chicago, Illinois, and Portland, Ohio. She also received training in Chicago, Cincinnati, Holland, Paris and Provincetown, Massachusetts. Under Taft, she also worked as his assistant and secretary at his Midway Studios in Chicago. She was also a teacher in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, Owatonna, Minnesota (1907–10), and was Head of the Art Department in Portland Art Museum Schools (1910–13). Webster was also mentioned in the Magazine in Art for upholding high standards in 1921.

In the gallery of Cordon in 1965, Webster's sculpture had an honored place in the exhibition of work of member artists with an "In Memorium" art tea. She was the president of the Cordon at the time of her death in January. The guest speaker at this event was Harold Haydon who was associate professor of art at the University of Chicago and director of the Midway studios.

## Works

Sculpture of *Horace Mann* (Created between 1905 and 1936)

* Dimensions 125.6 cm x 95 cm x 5 cm
* Medium- Gilt Plaster
* Current Owner: Stanford University-Dispersed Art Collection

With her instructor, Taft (1860 - 1936), she created a sculpture of the well known American politician.

Portrait *of Mrs. Forest Bidwell* (1916)

* Featured in the Catalogue of the One Hundred and Eleventh Annual Exhibition of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (February 6, 1916- March 26, 1916)
* At this time, she lived at 51 South Professor Street, Oberlin, Ohio.

## Exhibitions and collections

A list of her exhibitions and collections can be found here on the Illinois Women Artists Project page:

## InfoBox

| Mary Hortense Webster | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1881 |
| Died | 1965 (aged 8384) |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Art Academy of Cincinnati |
| Known for | Sculpture |


title: Francesco Ceva Grimaldi (historian)

abstract: Francesco Ceva Grimaldi was an Italian historian, writer, and administrator. He was the cousin of the Italian senator Francesco Ceva Grimaldi (1831–1899). A member of a noble family of Genoese origin that established itself in Naples in the 16th century, Ceva Grimaldi was born in Naples, the son of Marcello Ceva Grimaldi and Camilla Maria Correggio. He wrote a number of books, the most well-known of which is Memorie storiche della città di Napoli. He was married firstly to Raffaella Monforte and secondly to Maria Lanza di Trebbia. Ceva Grimaldi died in Naples at the age of 57. His eldest son, also called Marcello, inherited the title of Marchese di Pietracatella in 1899 when Senator Francesco Ceva Grimaldi died without children.

text:
# Francesco Ceva Grimaldi (historian)

**Francesco Ceva Grimaldi** (30 November 1806 – 20 July 1864) was an Italian historian, writer, and administrator. He was the cousin of the Italian senator Francesco Ceva Grimaldi (1831–1899).

A member of a noble family of Genoese origin that established itself in Naples in the 16th century, Ceva Grimaldi was born in Naples, the son of Marcello Ceva Grimaldi and Camilla Maria Correggio. He wrote a number of books, the most well-known of which is *Memorie storiche della città di Napoli*. He was married firstly to Raffaella Monforte (died 1846) and secondly to Maria Lanza di Trebbia. Ceva Grimaldi died in Naples at the age of 57. His eldest son, also called Marcello, inherited the title of Marchese di Pietracatella in 1899 when Senator Francesco Ceva Grimaldi died without children.

## InfoBox

| Francesco Ceva Grimaldi | |
| --- | --- |
| Coat of arms of the Ceva Grimaldi family | |
| Born | (1806-11-30)30 November 1806
Naples, Italy |
| Died | 20 July 1864(1864-07-20) (aged 57)
Naples, Italy |
| Occupations | * Historian and writer * Administrator |
| Relatives | Francesco Ceva Grimaldi (cousin) |


title: Theodora Kalikow

abstract: Theodora June Kalikow is an American academic, university president, author, and women's rights advocate. Holder of a master's degree and PhD in philosophy, she taught at Southeastern Massachusetts University for 17 years before becoming Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Northern Colorado in 1984. From 1984 to 1987 she was Dean of Plymouth State College in New Hampshire. She then served as 13th President of the University of Maine at Farmington from 1994 to 2012, and Interim President of the University of Southern Maine from 2012 to 2014. She was inducted into the Maine Women's Hall of Fame in 2002.

text:
# Theodora Kalikow

**Theodora June Kalikow** (born 1941) is an American academic, university president, author, and women's rights advocate. Holder of a master's degree and PhD in philosophy, she taught at Southeastern Massachusetts University for 17 years before becoming Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Northern Colorado in 1984. From 1984 to 1987 she was Dean of Plymouth State College in New Hampshire. She then served as 13th President of the University of Maine at Farmington from 1994 to 2012, and Interim President of the University of Southern Maine from 2012 to 2014. She was inducted into the Maine Women's Hall of Fame in 2002.

## Early life and education

Kalikow was born in Swampscott, Massachusetts. Her father, Irving Kalikow, a graduate of MIT, was an engineer; her mother was Rose (Cohen) Kalikow. She has one brother.

Kalikow graduated from Swampscott High School in 1958. She earned her A.B. in chemistry at Wellesley College in 1962. She went on to receive a master's degree in philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1970, and a doctorate in philosophy at Boston University in 1974. She wrote her doctoral thesis on "Konrad Lorenz's Ethological Theory, 1927–1943".

## Academic career

In 1967 she taught philosophy at the University of Exeter in England. The following year she began teaching philosophy and the history of science at Southeastern Massachusetts University (now University of Massachusetts Dartmouth). She received tenure in 1974 and was made full professor in 1981. She also served as dean of the department of philosophy for three years, assistant to the president of the university for two years, and president of the faculty union for two years. In 1983 she worked in the president's office at Brown University as an American Council on Education Fellow.

In 1984 she moved to Greeley, Colorado, to become Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Northern Colorado, a position she held for three years. In 1987 she crossed the country again to New Hampshire to serve as Dean of Plymouth State College, holding that position until 1994. From 1992 to 1993 she served a one-year term as interim president of the college. She was also a professor of philosophy. Her efforts to focus attention on women's issues led the college to establish the Theo Kalikow Award for faculty or staff members who work on behalf of women's issues.

## University president

In 1994 Kalikow was named the 13th President of the University of Maine at Farmington. She led several successful campaigns for the University, including a joint fundraising campaign for the on-campus Mantor Library and the Farmington Public Library and the establishment of the $5 million Emery Community Arts Center. She also established the women's studies program. She retired on June 30, 2012 after 18 years as president, being the longest-serving president in the four-year college's history.

In 2012, she was named Interim President of the University of Southern Maine. She assumed this position following the controversial departure of her predecessor, Dr. Selma Botman. Kalikow's term was marked by ongoing program and staff cuts in an effort to balance the budget, prompting numerous student protests. In July 2014, David Flanagan was named as her successor while the University searched for a permanent replacement, and Kalikow took on a one-year job as acting vice chancellor and president emerita, at the same salary she had received as president.

## Other activities

Kalikow is a co-founder of the Boston Society for Women in Philosophy and a founding member of Massachusetts Women in Higher Education. She is also the author of various papers, reviews, and publications concerning philosophy and the history of science, and has been a columnist for the *Morning Sentinel* since 2007. She is on the Board of Trustees at Breakwater School in Portland, Maine.

## Awards and honors

Kalikow is the recipient of the 2007 Green Building Leadership Award from the Maine chapter of the U.S. Green Building Council, the 2006 Deborah Morton Award from the University of New England, and the 2000 Maryann Hartman Award from the University of Maine Women's Studies Program. In 2002, she was inducted into the Maine Women's Hall of Fame.

In 1980, she received the Southern Massachusetts University Award for Contributions to the Status of Women. She was listed in the *Who's Who of American Women, 1997–1998*.

In September 2015, the University of Maine Board of Trustees renamed the Education Center on the Farmington campus as the Theodora J. Kalikow Education Center.

## Personal life

Kalikow has been open about her lesbian orientation since college. After a 20-year relationship with one partner, she now lives with Deb Pluck in Scarborough, Maine. Her hobbies include gardening and cross country skiing. In 2005 she won a bronze medal in triathlon in the Senior Olympics.

### Notes

### Sources

## InfoBox

| Theodora Kalikow | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 13th President of the
University of Maine at Farmington | |
| **In office**
1994–2012 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Theodora June Kalikow
1941 (age 8283)
Swampscott, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Domestic partner | Deb Pluck |
| Residence(s) | Scarborough, Maine, U.S. |
| Education | A.B., chemistry, Wellesley College
Sc.M. philosophy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
PhD, philosophy, Boston University |
| Occupation | Academic, activist, author |
|  | |


title: Maryam Abad, Gujranwala

abstract: Maryam Abad is a village located in Wazirabad Tehsil, Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan. It is named after Mary, mother of Jesus, as there is considerable minority of Christians in the village.

text:
# Maryam Abad, Gujranwala

**Maryam Abad** is a village located in Wazirabad Tehsil, Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan. It is named after Mary, mother of Jesus, as there is considerable minority of Christians in the village.

## Demography

Maryam Abad had a population of 1,066 in 2017. It is located about 38.9 kilometres (24.2 mi) northwest Gujranwala city via the Kalaske Cheema-Gujranwala road. The population of Maryam Abad is 80% Muslim and 20% Christian. Most people in this village speak Punjabi, though almost all can also speak Urdu, which is the national language of Pakistan. English is spoken by the elite in Maryam Abad. To receive commodities, the people of this village visit the nearby town of Ali Pur Chatta.

## Education

A government school is located in Maryam Abad. It is run by the Government of Punjab, Pakistan under the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Gujranwala. For higher-level education, some students move to Kalaske Cheema and Ali Pur Chatta. For higher university level education, students move to Gujranwala, Gujrat, Pakistan and Lahore. Some private schools are located near this village, including:

* Government Girls Primary School (GGPS), Maryam Abad

## Communication

The only way to get to Maryam Abad is by road. This village is directly connected to the Gujranwala via Gujranwala-Ali Pur Chattha road. Rasool Nagar is the nearest railway station.

1. "Geographical Coordinates District Gujranwala" (PDF). Higher Education Commission (Pakistan). Retrieved 8 May 2020.
2. "GUJRANWALA BLOCKWISE" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
3. Walbridge, Linda (12 October 2012). *The Christians of Pakistan: The Passion of Bishop John Joseph*. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-13178-3.
4. Salåim, Aòhmad; D'souza, Nosheen; òDisuzåa, Liyonåaròd (2006). *Violence, Memories and Peace-building: A Citizen Report on Minorities in India and Pakistan*. South Asian Research & Resource Centre (SARRC).
5. "Programme Monitoring & Implementation Unit". *open.punjab.gov.pk*. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
6. "(GGPS), Maryam Abad - School Census". *schoolportal.punjab.gov.pk*. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
7. Rooney, John (1986). *Into Deserts: A History of the Catholic Diocese of Lahore, 1886-1986*. Christian Study Centre.

## InfoBox

| Maryam Abad | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Maryam Abad | |
| Coordinates: 32°15′07″N 73°56′24″E / 32.25194°N 73.94000°E / 32.25194; 73.94000 | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Province | Punjab |
| District | Gujranwala |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.68 km2 (0.65 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| Estimate (2017) | \`1,066 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| Calling code | 055 |


title: Theodora Park

abstract: Theodora Park is a small public park in Charleston, South Carolina operated by the City of Charleston. The park was masterminded by David Rawle, public relations and marketing firm founder, who lives nearby in the historic Ansonborough neighborhood. The park, named for his mother, is one of Charleston's most unusual pocket parks. Previously, a playground known as the Ansonborough Tot Lot occupied the location, but it was underused; there were few children in the neighborhood, and a newer playground opened not far away. The design for the new park was inspired by Paley Park in New York City on 53rd Street. The centerpiece of the park is a 32-foot-long fountain pool with handmade ceramic tiles by the noted artist Paul Heroux. The park also features a gate made by Charleston blacksmith Philip Simmons. The gate is presented as a stand-alone piece of art. Sheila Wertimer was the landscape architect for the project and the Charleston Parks Conservancy helps maintain the park. The New York Times called Theodora Park "a beautifully tranquil public garden", and The Post and Courier described it as "a new gem... a model for the future". The park was officially opened to the public on Saturday, June 6, 2015.

text:
# Theodora Park

32°47′09″N 79°55′53″W / 32.785897°N 79.931429°W / 32.785897; -79.931429

**Theodora Park** is a small public park in Charleston, South Carolina operated by the City of Charleston. The park was masterminded by David Rawle, public relations and marketing firm founder, who lives nearby in the historic Ansonborough neighborhood. The park, named for his mother, is one of Charleston's most unusual pocket parks.

Previously, a playground known as the Ansonborough Tot Lot occupied the location, but it was underused; there were few children in the neighborhood, and a newer playground opened not far away. The design for the new park was inspired by Paley Park in New York City on 53rd Street.

The centerpiece of the park is a 32-foot-long fountain pool with handmade ceramic tiles by the noted artist Paul Heroux. The park also features a gate made by Charleston blacksmith Philip Simmons. The gate is presented as a stand-alone piece of art.

Sheila Wertimer was the landscape architect for the project and the Charleston Parks Conservancy helps maintain the park.

*The New York Times* called Theodora Park "a beautifully tranquil public garden", and *The Post and Courier* described it as "a new gem . . . a model for the future".

The park was officially opened to the public on Saturday, June 6, 2015.

1. Behre, Robert (June 4, 2015). "Tiny Theodora Park gets huge makeover". *Post and Courier*. Charleston, South Carolina. Retrieved June 8, 2015.
2. "Charleston Parks Conservancy". *Theodora Park*. Retrieved 2020-08-31.
3. Browning, Dominique (29 May 2015). "Gardening". *The New York Times*.
4. "Theodora Park a model for future - Charleston Scene". *www.postandcourier.com*. Archived from the original on 2015-06-08.

## InfoBox

| Theodora Park | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 84 Anson Street, Charleston, South Carolina |
| Created | 2014-2015 |
| Operated by | City of Charleston |
| Parking | 0 |


title: Master (Peerage of Scotland)

abstract: The heir apparent or heir presumptive to a Scottish peerage is known as a Master, or a Mistress if the heir is female. The heir's style is "The Master of [Peerage]" or "The Mistress of [Peerage]". If the master is an heir apparent, and the peerage has a subsidiary title that could be used as a courtesy title, then the styling of Master is usually forgone. However, if the person is an heir presumptive, or if the peerage has no subsidiary title, then Master/Mistress is a common styling. However, because the word Mistress is quite archaic, many women choose not to use the style Mistress and instead use the regular styling, e.g. Lady Mary Smith or The Honourable Mary Smith. Although regarded today as a form of courtesy title, the Mastership is a noble dignity in its own right, and originally conferred rights of attendance in the Parliament of Scotland. As a result, Masters were ineligible for election to the British House of Commons for Scottish constituencies after the Acts of Union 1707. Masters whose elections were declared void on this basis included four elected in the 1708 British general election, who each briefly attended parliament. Members of Parliament would be disqualified upon becoming the eldest (living) son of a Scottish peer, and a by-election would be held for the vacant seat. Therefore, they were denied the right to sit in both houses of the British Parliament. This practice was ended by the Scottish Reform Act 1832, and the Masters could be elected MPs like their English counterparts thereafter.

text:
# Master (Peerage of Scotland)

The heir apparent or heir presumptive to a Scottish peerage is known as a **Master**, or a **Mistress** if the heir is female. The heir's style is "The Master of \[Peerage\]" or "The Mistress of \[Peerage\]".

If the master is an heir apparent, and the peerage has a subsidiary title that could be used as a courtesy title, then the styling of Master is usually forgone. However, if the person is an heir presumptive, or if the peerage has no subsidiary title, then Master/Mistress is a common styling. However, because the word Mistress is quite archaic, many women choose not to use the style Mistress and instead use the regular styling, e.g. Lady Mary Smith or The Honourable Mary Smith.

Although regarded today as a form of courtesy title, the Mastership is a noble dignity in its own right, and originally conferred rights of attendance in the Parliament of Scotland. As a result, Masters were ineligible for election to the British House of Commons for Scottish constituencies after the Acts of Union 1707. Masters whose elections were declared void on this basis included four elected in the 1708 British general election, who each briefly attended parliament. Members of Parliament would be disqualified upon becoming the eldest (living) son of a Scottish peer, and a by-election would be held for the vacant seat. Therefore, they were denied the right to sit in both houses of the British Parliament. This practice was ended by the Scottish Reform Act 1832, and the Masters could be elected MPs like their English counterparts thereafter.

## Members of British Parliament disqualified for being a Master

| MP disqualified | Constituency | Father | Year of election | Year of disqualification | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| William, Lord Haddo | Aberdeenshire | George Gordon, 1st Earl of Aberdeen | 1708 | 1708 |  |
| James, Lord Johnstone | Dumfriesshire & Linlithgowshire | William Johnstone, 1st Marquess of Annandale | 1708 | 1708 | Returned by two constituencies; disqualified for both |
| John, Master of Sinclair | Dysart Burghs | Henry St Clair, 10th Lord Sinclair | 1708 | 1708 |  |
| William, Lord Strathnaver | Tain Burghs | John Gordon, 16th Earl of Sutherland | 1708 | 1708 |  |
| Charles, Earl of Drumlanrig | Dumfriesshire | Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry | 1747 | 1754 | Disqualified upon becoming the eldest living son of his father |
| John, Marquess of Lorne | Glasgow Burghs | John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll | 1744 (by election) | 1761 | Disqualified when his father succeeded to the peerage; later returned as MP for Dover |
| Francis, Lord Elcho | Haddington Burghs | Francis Wemyss Charteris, *soi disant* 7th Earl of Wemyss | 1780 | 1787 | Disqualified when his father assumed the peerage; later it was found out that the title was under forfeiture and his father not a Scottish peer at all |
|

## People who currently hold the dignity of Master or Mistress


title: Theodore Wildanger

abstract: Theodore Wildanger was a painter born in France who later lived in Virginia. Some of his expressionist paintings are in the style of Marc Chagall. His credo was "Art and Dreams have no Bounds." A paperback book by Jim Kincaid, Theo, was published in 1994.

text:
# Theodore Wildanger

**Theodore Wildanger** (May 1905 – 1989) was a painter born in France who later lived in Virginia. Some of his expressionist paintings are in the style of Marc Chagall. His credo was "*Art* and Dreams have no Bounds." A paperback book by Jim Kincaid, *Theo*, was published in 1994.

## Early life

Theodore Wildanger was born May 25, 1905, in Aumetz in northeastern France to Pierre Wildanger and Catherine née Boehles. Pierre was a miner born date and place unknown. Catherine Boehles was born in Bavaria. Theo was the youngest in a working-class family of 12 children. As World War I got underway, Theo had to fend for himself in Aumetz by herding cows for a local farmer in return for a daily meal.

As a youngster he was employed in the iron ore mine where his father works. A tram accident claimed part of his right hand. This probably prompted his decision to never go into a mine again. Next he had a brief apprenticeship with a local baker where the dusty conditions aggravated a lung condition which forced Theo to cut short this career.

## Adult years

Theo met Anne-Marie Thekes (Anna) at a dance in the nearby village of Grevenmacher just over the border with Luxembourg. Anna was the daughter of wine growers along the Moselle River in Luxembourg. She was born in Grevenmacher in 1907 to Mathias Thekes born 1866 and Barbe Waldbillig born 1868. There was some initial animosity in the village to the courtship. They married in 1928 and moved to Paris where they lived for a number of years.

Anna longed to be an actress and Theo wanted to learn all about art and artists. He found employ in an Italian count's gallery and learned the antiques business. Anna was employed by the count's wife. They were surrounded by the vivid art scene in Paris. Eventually, they returned to Anna's native country where they proceeded to build their business selling books, school supplies, and tobacco products. Two of their children were born there, Mathis in 1935 and Catherine in 1942.

When the Allies moved in to push the Germans back across the Moselle River, the family was evacuated to Luxembourg City. The third child, Pierre Jacques, was born there in December 1944. The family remained there until a few years after Anna's death in 1959 from leukemia.

### Mathis Wildanger

Theo was instrumental in developing his elder son Mathis's artistic talent. Mathis Wildanger attended various European academies. He received at the young age of 21 the “Medaille Officielle de la Ville de Paris” at the Cercle Volnay in 1956, a distinction usually reserved for more well-known artists. Mathis remained in Luxembourg, married, and developed a prosperous artistic career. He died in 2003.

## Career

Five or six years after Anna's death, Theo left Luxembourg for Brussels, Belgium, with his younger son Pierre Jacques. He established an antique shop around the corner from the Grand Place. Theo made his living in the antiques trade and met famous artists like Jacques Brel and befriended many painters, among them Rene Magritte. He started to paint in earnest. Eventually he left Brussels to live with his daughter Catherine in Texas, Frankfurt/Main, Washington D.C. Finally, in 1977 he settled in Elam, Virginia. By now, he was in his later years and enjoyed freedom from daily worries. It was his happiest time since Paris with Anna. Theo died in 1989 in Norfolk, Virginia.

### Art

Having no formal training, he developed different styles throughout his career. Even so, he didn't start painting until later in life, he had mentally recorded places and events. For example, he painted in 1969 “The Farmhouse at Aumetz” where he had herded cows as a young boy. Some of his paintings from the 1960s reflect street scenes in France, Belgium, and Germany e.g. Miltenberg, Bavaria painted in 1971. His time in Texas resulted in “Canyon Dam” and the “Covered Wagon” series. He was inspired to paint the Chincoteague Ponies by a trip there when he was living in Silver Spring, Maryland in 1975.

Then there is the painting of his wife Anna done in a modernist style which is reflected later in some of his abstracts.

His dreamy image of an infant brings to mind Marc Chagall.

Theo's love for Elam is recorded in a number of paintings of the log farmhouse during different seasons. Theo lived at Elam full-time. The farm became both the subject and the context for much of his art e.g. “Sunrise at Elam” and “Washday at Elam”. Sometimes, when regular painting surfaces were in short supply, he found alternative materials such as an old cabinet door, a piece of wood, or ragged tin pieces. One of his major works titled “Chaos” was painted on a piece of roofing tin found on the farm. Pieces of driftwood became strange totemic creatures. Throughout his life he was fond of flowers and still life with wine and candles. He would paint them as if they were his tribute to nature (Fleurs et Vin). The hard winter and tough times in the first years on the farm show up in “Winter” depicting a couple carrying logs, with dog Fifi in tow.

## Exhibits/Galleries

1971 Langen bei Frankfurt/Main, Germany

1975 Le Cercle Francais, Parish House Lafayette Park, Washington D.C.

1993 Harbor Gallery, Norfolk, Virginia

1994 Palmer Rae Gallery, Norfolk, Virginia

2003 Portsmouth Art & Cultural Center, Virginia

2012 Stravitz Gallery, Virginia Beach, Virginia

## Legacy

Much of Theo's collection is kept in Williamsburg, Virginia where Catherine, his daughter, is the custodian. Many of his works are now in private collections. Others were given by the artist to neighbors, friends, and handymen working on the Elam farm.

1. "Wildanger, Theodore 1905-1989".
2. "Theodore Wildanger". *digitalconsciousness.com*. Retrieved 2018-04-10.
3. "Theo by Jim Kincaid: Wildanger Collection, Limited 9780964311107 Softcover, Signed - Royal Oak Bookshop". *www.abebooks.com*. Retrieved 2018-04-10.
4. "The Farmhouse in Aumetz". *Theo's Art Gallery*. Retrieved 2018-04-10.


title: The Warning (play)

abstract: The Warning is a melodrama written by "Henry Bosnell" on the subject of white slavery and promoted as a remedy to an urgent social evil. It opened at the Little Theatre, Sydney on 22 November 1913 and ran for six weeks to good houses.

text:
# The Warning (play)

***The Warning*** is a melodrama written by "Henry Bosnell" (or Basnell) on the subject of white slavery and promoted as a remedy to an urgent social evil. It opened at the Little Theatre, Sydney on 22 November 1913 and ran for six weeks to good houses.

## History

Wilton Welch's production of Henry Bosnell's play *The Warning* was advertised as

* Alarming in its Vivid Truths
* It is a Sermon in a Play
* Urges the necessity of immediate action

### The author

By whichever spelling, Bosnell or Basnell, is a pseudonym:

Jill Nelmes and Jule Selbo, in their book *Women Screenwriters: An International Guide* attribute authorship of *The Warning* to Louise Carbasse, later known as Louise Lovely, with her husband Wilton Welch.

Jeannette Delamoir in *White Slavery, Popular Culture and Modernity in Australia in 1913* concurs, crediting Carbasse and Welch, citing copyright registration documents. See External links (below). Delamoir notes the coincidental appearance at Joe Weber's Theatre in New York City of the film *Traffic in Souls* on the same subject.

Welch, a comedian with George Marlow's Dramatic Company and the Holloway Dramatic Company, had some form as a dramatist: he was the author of *The Girl Who Loved a Soldier*, which played in 1912.

### Cast

The play was performed at the Little Theatre, Sydney to good houses from 22 November 1913 to 3 February 1914. List of Characters:

* June Travers (the girl): Louise Carbasse
* Mrs Travers (her mother): Clara Stephenson
* Edward Travers (a legislator): Herbert Shaw
* Madam Gourdron (keeper of the "house"): Athena Claudius
* Milly (a victim): Agnes Keogh
* Chundra (dumb attendant): John Marsh
* Bernard Stanton (agent): Arthur Styan
* Adams (another agent): James Martin
* Robert Trent (vigilance officer): Gerald Kay Souper
* Jack Mason (wireless operator): Charles Montague (perhaps C. Montague Shaw)
* Freddy Ballard (a 'pigeon'): Frederic Ward
* Detective: Robert Pollock
* Waiter (last act): Stuart Clyde
* Newsboy: Sidney Mullins

Producer: Wilton Welch

It has not been revived.

### Scenes

Act I. — The Lounge, Hotel Majestic (Afternoon)

Act II.— The House of the Red Blinds (Evening)

Act III. — The Gardens, Hotel Majestic (Next day)

## Plot

June Travers, a country girl and daughter of a parliamentarian, is staying with her mother at an up-market hotel in the city, where she is expecting to meet a long-lost aunt. She is approached by an impostor, who lures her to the "House of Red Blinds", a brothel run by Madam Gourdron. June is guarded by Freddy Ballard, who has been blackmailed by the Madam into working for her. He tells June how she has been trapped and that escape is impossible. She advises him to go to the police, make a clean breast of his crimes, and tell them of her plight. Her innocence wins him over, and hands her a revolver to use how she may. Bernard Stanton, agent for a gang of white slavers, arrives, and when the two are alone she produces the pistol and compels him to telephone for the police. Just then, Madam Gourdron returns; there is a standoff and June is overwhelmed, falling to the floor. They realise there are watchers outside; they quickly gag her and turn off the lights. She then sees a light outside flashing the signal of distress. She leaps to the light switch and responds in kind. Trent and Mason enter and apprehend the pair. There is a happy reunion, and June's father, awakened to the peril facing Australia, resolves to make a speech in Parliament.

## Reception

An early reviewer accepted the need for a play of this sort, and felt the dramatist meant well, and saw powerful dramatic possibilities in the story, but the script was in dire need of the producer's scissors — there were too many periods of tiresome pedantry, and unnatural soliloquies. Of the acting, he thought Miss Carbasse, in the star role of Jane Travers, was credible, but did not immerse herself in the character. Of the supporting actors, Agnes Keogh, as an inmate of the brothel, was impressive, as was Arthur Styan, who played one of the slave-traders. Also mentioned was Charles Montague, who managed to inject personality into an otherwise uninteresting character.

> As for the play itself, the first act bores somewhat, and the third is tedious. Half of the third act could well be cut. The second act teems with incident, so much so that the mind becomes surfeited. The dialogue can hardly be said to be clever, although at times it is direct enough. As a moral lesson, the drama loses its force by the glamour that is thrown over the second act.

A later review acknowledged the play's early faults, but having had a little judicious pruning, it "went with a swing". Recommendations from a few of ministers of religion would have given the attendance figures a boost as well.

One reviewer thought that rather than correcting a social evil, the play was putting thoughts into empty heads:

> Pretty Miss Louise Carbasse, the heroine of Henry Basnell's play, produced by her husband, Wilton Welch, is reigning like a real queen at the Little Theatre, in the some-what startling 'Warning' — a piece which appears subsequent to the event, so to speak, and which proclaims a noisy clanging of the stable-door after the horse (or the filly) has been stolen. Of course, that is not the play's fault. When Henry Basnell . . . penned his little piece, he probably had no profounder intent than to make a pot of money. Perhaps the piece provoked the disappearance \[a contemporary *cause celebre*\] who knows ? Everybody has heard the story of the Old Woman who lived in a shack, and had plenty of childer, but naught to her back. She was obliged to go out and earn the family crust, and was compelled to leave her chicks at home. When she sallied forth, she told her little kiddies on no account to go near the fire, fall down the well, — or put beans up their noses. The last was a thing that they would never have thought of; but no sooner was her back turned than they determined to find out how it felt. When the old woman returned, she found every one of her numerous brood half suffocated with a bean up every individual nostril.


title: George N. Seger

abstract: George Nicholas Seger was an American politician. Seger, a Republican, represented New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives for eighteen years, from 1923 until his death on August 26, 1940. Seger first represented New Jersey's 7th District from 1923 to 1933 and New Jersey's 8th District from 1933 to 1940, where he succeeded Fred A. Hartley Jr.

text:
# George N. Seger

**George Nicholas Seger** (January 4, 1866  August 26, 1940) was an American politician. Seger, a Republican, represented New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives for eighteen years, from 1923 until his death on August 26, 1940. Seger first represented New Jersey's 7th District from 1923 to 1933 and New Jersey's 8th District from 1933 to 1940, where he succeeded Fred A. Hartley Jr.

## Biography

Seger was born on January 4, 1866, in New York City. When he was thirty-three years old, Seger moved and settled in Passaic, New Jersey. As a resident of Passaic, Seger involved himself in building up business in the city. Seger involved himself with such organization as the Freemasons, Knights Templar, Shriners, Elks, and Royal Arcanum. He later got involved in the city's politics, serving as a member of the board of education from 1906 to 1911 and then as mayor of Passaic, New Jersey, from 1911 to 1919. During his mayoral term, he served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1916, member of the Council of National Defense during World War I, and president of the New Jersey State League of Municipalities in 1917 and 1918. After serving as mayor, Seger became the city's director of finance, and held that position until 1923 when he ran for the House seat in New Jersey's 7th District.

## Politics

Seger won the election and succeeded Amos H. Radcliffe, beating out Wilmer A. Cadmus, Frank Hubschmitt and Harry Santhouse. In the election, he captured 54.6% of the vote, while the Democrat Cadmus captured 43.5%. Seger faced smooth re-election bids in 1924 and 1926, when he captured over 70% of the vote against his Democratic rivals. In December 1929, Seger's daughter, Alva M. Seger, married Frederick Haskell Dominick, the Democratic Representative from South Carolina. In the 1930 United States House elections, Seger faced Harry Joelson in a close re-election bid. He captured 53.7% of the vote in the race for the seat in New Jersey's 7th district. Seger faced Joelson again in the 1932 elections, but this time, the race was much closer. Seger captured 49.2% of the vote, squeezing by Joelson by a mere 239 votes. Seger served as New Jersey's 7th District representative until 1934, when he moved to the New Jersey's 8th District. In the 1934 House elections, he faced Frank J. Van Noort, a former mayor of Paterson, New Jersey. Seger defeated Noort by capturing 53.6% of the vote. Seger won future re-election bids, and served as the Representative for the 8th district until August 26, 1940, when he suddenly died in Washington, D.C.

## Legacy

He was succeeded by his long-time secretary, Gordon Canfield, who served the position until 1961.

A Liberty ship was commissioned under his name for use in World War II. Liberty ship Hull #3049, the SS *George N. Seger*, built in South Portland, Maine, was laid down on June 17, 1944, and was launched more than a month later on August 8. The ship was later scrapped in 1967.

United States Congress. "SEGER, George Nicholas (id: S000228)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*. at the *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*

## InfoBox

| George N. Seger | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New Jersey | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1923 – August 26, 1940 | |
| Preceded by | Amos H. Radcliffe |
| Succeeded by | Gordon Canfield |
| Constituency | 7th district (1923–1933)
8th district (1933–1940) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1866-01-04)January 4, 1866
New York, New York |
| Died | August 26, 1940(1940-08-26) (aged 74)
Washington, D.C. |
| Political party | Republican |
|  | |


title: Jump Up (Supercar album)

abstract: Jump Up is the second studio album by Supercar. It was released on March 10, 1999. It peaked at number 12 on the Oricon Albums Chart.

text:
# Jump Up (Supercar album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***Jump Up*** is the second studio album by Supercar. It was released on March 10, 1999. It peaked at number 12 on the Oricon Albums Chart.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Junji Ishiwatari; all music is composed by Koji Nakamura

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Walk Slowly" | 5:01 |
| 2. | "Sunday People" | 5:21 |
| 3. | "Jump" | 3:56 |
| 4. | "My Girl" | 3:56 |
| 5. | "Wonderful World" | 3:49 |
| 6. | "Love Forever" | 4:11 |
| 7. | "Tonight" | 3:30 |
| 8. | "Skyphone Speaker" | 4:57 |
| 9. | "Low-Down (Live Scene)" | 4:33 |
| 10. | "Talk Talk" | 6:40 |
| 11. | "Daydreamer" | 5:40 |

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes.

## Charts

| Chart | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 12 |
|

## InfoBox

| Jump Up | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Supercar | |
| Released | March 10, 1999 (1999-03-10) |
| Genre | Indie rock, dream pop, alternative rock, shoegazing |
| Length | 51:34 |
| Label | Epic Records Japan |
| Producer | Supercar |
| Supercar chronology | |
| *Three Out Change*
(1998) ***Jump Up***
(1999) *Futurama*
(2000) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Jump Up* | |
| 1. "Sunday People"
Released: September 30, 1998 2. "My Girl"
Released: February 3, 1999 3. "Love Forever"
Released: May 12, 1999 | |
|  | |


title: Riccarton (New Zealand electorate)

abstract: Riccarton is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed from 1893 to 1978, and was represented by eight Members of Parliament.

text:
# Riccarton (New Zealand electorate)

**Riccarton** is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed from 1893 to 1978, and was represented by eight Members of Parliament.

## Population centres

In the 1892 electoral redistribution, population shift to the North Island required the transfer of one seat from the South Island to the north. The resulting ripple effect saw every electorate established in 1890 have its boundaries altered, and eight electorates were established for the first time, including Riccarton.

The electorate was in the western suburbs of Christchurch, New Zealand, and was based on the suburb of Riccarton.

## History

The electorate was created in 1893, and existed to 1978 when it was abolished.

The first representative of the electorate was George Warren Russell, who started his parliamentary career with his 1893 election. Russell was beaten in the 1896 election by William Rolleston, who had distinguished himself through his contribution to education and his support for Canterbury Museum. Rolleston was the last Superintendent of Canterbury Province. Russell regained the electorate in the 1899 election with a majority of one vote over Rolleston, which brought an end to that political career. Russell lost the Riccarton electorate again in the 1902 election, this time to George Witty, who held the electorate for 23 years until 1925.

The electorate was contested by three candidates in the 1922 election. George Witty was successful, with Bert Kyle coming second and Jack McCullough coming third.

In the 1938 election, Labour's Thomas Herbert Langford came very close to defeating the National incumbent, Bert Kyle. Before the counting of the absentee and postal votes, Langford was leading by 38 votes. The final count saw Kyle with a majority of 87 votes.

### Members of Parliament

The Riccarton electorate was represented by eight Members of Parliament.

**Key**

Liberal   Conservative   Independent Liberal
Reform   Independent   National   Labour

| Election | Winner | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1893 election |  | George Russell |
| 1896 election |  | William Rolleston |
| 1899 election |  | George Russell |
| 1902 election |  | George Witty |
| 1905 election | | |
| 1908 election | | |
| 1911 election | | |
| 1914 election | | |
| 1919 election | | |
| 1922 election |  | |
| 1925 election |  | Bert Kyle |
| 1928 election | | |
| 1931 election | | |
| 1935 election |  | |
| |  | |
| 1938 election |  | |
| |  | |
| 1943 election |  | Jack Watts |
| 1946 election |  | Angus McLagan |
| 1949 election | | |
| 1951 election | | |
| 1954 election | | |
| *1956 by-election* |  | Mick Connelly |
| 1957 election | | |
| 1960 election | | |
| 1963 election | | |
| 1966 election | | |
| 1969 election |  | Eric Holland |
| 1972 election | | |
| 1975 election | | |
| (Electorate abolished 1978) | | |

## Election results

### 1975 election

1975 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **National** | **Eric Holland** | **10,937** | **57.24** | **+3.87** |
|  | Labour | Don Johnson | 6,171 | 32.29 |  |
|  | Values | Beverley Hughes | 1,440 | 7.53 |  |
|  | Social Credit | Jim Biggs | 503 | 2.63 | +0.32 |
|  | Imperial British Conservative | Brian Downham | 55 | 0.28 |  |
| Majority | | | 4,766 | 24.94 | +12.72 |
| Turnout | | | 19,106 | 83.49 | −8.17 |
| Registered electors | | | 22,882 |  |  |

### 1972 election

1972 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **National** | **Eric Holland** | **9,451** | **53.37** | **−2.35** |
|  | Labour | David Jackson | 7,287 | 41.15 |  |
|  | Values | Peter Lusk | 441 | 2.49 |  |
|  | Social Credit | Jim Biggs | 410 | 2.31 |  |
|  | New Democratic | Charles Cullen | 91 | 0.51 | −4.51 |
|  | Independent | Earl Sydney William Constable | 26 | 0.14 |  |
| Majority | | | 2,164 | 12.22 | −4.25 |
| Turnout | | | 17,706 | 91.66 | +0.41 |
| Registered electors | | | 19,317 |  |  |

### 1969 election

1969 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **National** | **Eric Holland** | **9,942** | **55.72** |  |
|  | Labour | Alan C. McEwen | 7,003 | 39.25 |  |
|  | Social Credit | Charles Cullen | 897 | 5.02 | −6.72 |
| Majority | | | 2,939 | 16.47 |  |
| Turnout | | | 17,842 | 91.25 | +4.27 |
| Registered electors | | | 19,551 |  |  |

### 1966 election

1966 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Mick Connelly** | **8,834** | **52.17** | **−2.38** |
|  | National | Ian Wilson | 6,109 | 36.07 | −2.44 |
|  | Social Credit | Charles Cullen | 1,989 | 11.74 | +4.82 |
| Majority | | | 2,725 | 16.09 | +0.05 |
| Turnout | | | 16,932 | 86.98 | −2.82 |
| Registered electors | | | 19,466 |  |  |

### 1963 election

1963 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Mick Connelly** | **8,670** | **54.55** | **−6.42** |
|  | National | Ian Wilson | 6,120 | 38.51 |  |
|  | Social Credit | Charles Cullen | 1,101 | 6.92 | −0.52 |
| Majority | | | 2,550 | 16.04 | +1.27 |
| Turnout | | | 15,891 | 89.80 | −11.04 |
| Registered electors | | | 17,695 |  |  |

### 1960 election

1960 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Mick Connelly** | **8,342** | **60.97** | **+3.45** |
|  | National | Deena V. Sergel | 4,320 | 31.57 | −5.66 |
|  | Social Credit | Charles Cullen | 1,019 | 7.44 |  |
| Majority | | | 2,022 | 14.77 | −5.52 |
| Turnout | | | 13,681 | 78.76 | −13.29 |
| Registered electors | | | 17,370 |  |  |

### 1957 election

1957 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Mick Connelly** | **8,128** | **57.52** | **−3.93** |
|  | National | Deena V. Sergel | 5,261 | 37.23 |  |
|  | Social Credit | Jesse Colechin | 740 | 5.23 |  |
| Majority | | | 2,867 | 20.29 | +15.51 |
| Turnout | | | 14,129 | 92.05 | +25.77 |
| Registered electors | | | 15,348 |  |  |

### 1956 by-election

1956 Riccarton by-election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Mick Connelly** | **6,549** | **61.45** |  |
|  | National | Balfour Dingwall | 2,691 | 25.25 | −0.96 |
|  | Social Credit | Wilfrid Owen | 1,379 | 12.94 |  |
|  | Ind. Social Credit | Ernest Yealands | 28 | 0.26 |  |
|  | Independent | Richard Grenfell | 11 | 0.10 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 40 | 0.37 |  |
| Majority | | | 3,858 | 36.20 |  |
| Turnout | | | 10,698 | 66.28 | −24.33 |
| Registered electors | | | 16,140 |  |  |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

### 1954 election

1954 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Angus McLagan** | **8,195** | **56.03** | **−1.64** |
|  | National | Balfour Dingwall | 3,832 | 26.19 |  |
|  | Social Credit | Jesse Colechin | 2,599 | 17.76 |  |
| Majority | | | 4,343 | 29.69 | +14.34 |
| Turnout | | | 14,626 | 90.61 | +3.30 |
| Registered electors | | | 16,140 |  |  |

### 1951 election

1951 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Angus McLagan** | **8,506** | **57.67** | **−0.83** |
|  | National | Eric Philip Wills | 6,241 | 42.32 |  |
| Majority | | | 2,265 | 15.35 | −3.03 |
| Turnout | | | 14,747 | 87.31 | −4.34 |
| Registered electors | | | 16,889 |  |  |

### 1949 election

1949 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Angus McLagan** | **8,613** | **58.50** | **−5.22** |
|  | National | Harry Lake | 5,906 | 40.11 |  |
|  | Communist | Ronald Taylor | 204 | 1.38 |  |
| Majority | | | 2,707 | 18.38 | −9.13 |
| Turnout | | | 14,723 | 91.65 | −0.24 |
| Registered electors | | | 16,063 |  |  |

### 1946 election

1946 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Angus McLagan** | **8,974** | **63.72** |  |
|  | National | Vic Wilson | 5,109 | 36.27 |  |
| Majority | | | 3,875 | 27.51 |  |
| Turnout | | | 14,083 | 91.89 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 15,325 |  |  |

### 1943 election

There were four candidates in 1943, with the election won by Jack Watts over Harold Ernest Denton.

### 1931 election

1931 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Reform** | **Bert Kyle** | **4,355** | **40.09** | **−2.28** |
|  | Independent | Archibald Albany McLachlan | 3,766 | 34.67 | −7.28 |
|  | Labour | G. T. Thurston | 2,741 | 25.23 |  |
| Majority | | | 589 | 5.42 | +5.00 |
| Informal votes | | | 67 | 0.61 | −0.21 |
| Turnout | | | 10,929 | 87.24 | −2.84 |
| Registered electors | | | 12,528 |  |  |

Table footnotes:

### 1928 election

1928 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Reform** | **Bert Kyle** | **4,515** | **42.37** |  |
|  | United | Archibald Albany McLachlan | 4,470 | 41.95 |  |
|  | Labour | George Hartley Thompson | 1,671 | 15.68 |  |
| Majority | | | 45 | 0.42 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 88 | 0.82 |  |
| Turnout | | | 10,744 | 90.07 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 11,928 |  |  |

Table footnotes:

1. For some biographical details of McLachlan refer to his grandfather's article

### 1919 election

1919 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **George Witty** | **2,948** | **40.74** |  |
|  | Reform | William Russell Devereux | 2,322 | 32.09 |  |
|  | Labour | John Robertson | 1,966 | 27.17 |  |
| Majority | | | 626 | 8.65 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 89 | 1.22 |  |
| Turnout | | | 7,325 | 84.97 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 8,621 |  |  |

### 1905 election

1905 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **George Witty** | **2,294** | **55.54** |  |
|  | Conservative | Thomas Caverhill | 1,054 | 25.52 |  |
|  | Independent Liberal | George Warren Russell | 679 | 16.44 |  |
|  | Liberal–Labour | John Ash Efford | 103 | 2.49 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,240 | 30.02 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 66 | 1.57 |  |
| Turnout | | | 4,196 | 84.12 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 4,988 |  |  |

### 1899 election

1899 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **George Warren Russell** | **1,867** | **50.01** | **+5.98** |
|  | Conservative | William Rolleston | 1,866 | 49.99 | −5.98 |
| Majority | | | 1 | 0.03 | −11.90 |
| Turnout | | | 3,733 | 81.42 | +1.88 |
| Registered electors | | | 4,585 |  |  |

### 1896 election

1896 general election: Riccarton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **William Rolleston** | **1,834** | **55.97** |  |
|  | Liberal | George Warren Russell | 1,443 | 44.03 |  |
| Majority | | | 391 | 11.93 |  |
| Turnout | | | 3,277 | 79.54 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 4,120 |  |  |

1. McRobie 1989, pp. 59f.
2. Scholefield 1950, p. 163.
3. Scholefield 1950, p. 137.
4. Scholefield 1950, p. 136.
5. Gardner, W. J. "Rolleston, William - Biography". *Dictionary of New Zealand Biography*. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
6. Greenaway, Richard L. N. (June 2007). "Avonside Anglican Parish Cemetery Tour" (PDF). Christchurch City Libraries. p. 19. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
7. Scholefield 1950, p. 149.
8. "South Island Seats". *Otautau Standard and Wallace County Chronicle*. Vol. XVIII, no. 909. 12 December 1922. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
9. "Double Voting?". *Auckland Star*. Vol. LXIX, no. 249. 21 October 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
10. "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. p. 4. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
11. Norton 1988, p. 334.
12. Norton 1988, p. 333.
13. "Public Notices". *The Press*. Vol. LXXIX, no. 24076. 12 October 1943. p. 1. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
14. *The General Election, 1931*. Government Printer. 1932. p. 4. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
15. *The General Election, 1928*. Government Printer. 1929. p. 4. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
16. "Christchurch Nominations". *The Press*. Vol. LXIV, no. 19451. 26 October 1928. p. 14. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
17. Hislop, J. (1921). *The General Election, 1919*. National Library. p. 4. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
18. "Notice of Nominations Received". *The Press*. Vol. LV, no. 16702. 10 December 1919. p. 12. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
19. "The General Election". *The Press*. Vol. LV, no. 16666. 29 October 1919. p. 10. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
20. *The General Election, 1905*. National Library. 1906. p. 4. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
21. "To-days election". *The Star*. No. 8490. 6 December 1905. p. 1. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
22. "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
23. "Riccarton Electorate". *The Press*. Vol. LIII, no. 9593. 7 December 1896. p. 1. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
* McRobie, Alan (1989). *Electoral Atlas of New Zealand*. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
* Norton, Clifford (1988). *New Zealand parliamentary election results, 1946–1987*. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Department of Political Science. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
* Scholefield, Guy (1950) \[First published in 1913\]. *New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949* (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
* Wilson, James Oakley (1985) \[First published in 1913\]. *New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984* (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.


title: INS Sindhudurg

abstract: INS Sindhudurg (K72) was the lead ship of the Durg class corvettes of the Indian Navy. It is the second of the three Nanuchka class missile corvettes procured from the former USSR. The ship was commissioned on 29 May 1977 and decommissioned on 24 September 2004 after 27 years of service. The ship has the distinction of bringing down a surface-to-air missile during an exercise.

text:
# INS Sindhudurg

**INS *Sindhudurg* (K72)** was the lead ship of the Durg class corvettes of the Indian Navy. It is the second of the three Nanuchka class missile corvettes procured from the former USSR.

The ship was commissioned on 29 May 1977 and decommissioned on 24 September 2004 after 27 years of service. The ship has the distinction of bringing down a surface-to-air missile during an exercise.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| India | |
| Name | INS *Sindhudurg* |
| Namesake | Sindhudurg Fort |
| Commissioned | 29 May 1977 |
| Decommissioned | 24 September 2004 |
| Fate | Decommissioned |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Durg class corvette |
| Displacement | 670 tons (full load) |
| Length | 59 meters |
| Beam | 12.5 meters |
| Draught | 2.5 meters |
| Speed | 32 knots |
| Complement | 42 (incl 7 officers) |


title: Mountaineer (train)

abstract: The Mountaineer was a passenger train operated by Amtrak between Norfolk, Virginia, and Chicago, Illinois, via Cincinnati, Ohio. It was the first train to use the Norfolk and Western Railway's tracks since the creation of Amtrak in 1971 and followed the route of the Pocahontas, the N&W's last passenger train. Service began in 1975 and ended in 1977. A new train, the Hilltopper, operated over much of the Mountaineer's route but was itself discontinued in 1979.

text:
# Mountaineer (train)

The ***Mountaineer*** was a passenger train operated by Amtrak between Norfolk, Virginia, and Chicago, Illinois, via Cincinnati, Ohio. It was the first train to use the Norfolk and Western Railway's tracks since the creation of Amtrak in 1971 and followed the route of the *Pocahontas*, the N&W's last passenger train. Service began in 1975 and ended in 1977. A new train, the *Hilltopper*, operated over much of the *Mountaineer'*s route but was itself discontinued in 1979.

## History

The Norfolk and Western Railway was one of the twenty railroads which joined Amtrak in 1971. However, in Amtrak's first four years, the N&W hosted no passenger service over its route, the centerpiece of which was its main line between Norfolk and Cincinnati which passed through the state of West Virginia. The main driving force behind the establishment of the *Mountaineer* was then-United States Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia who wanted additional rail service for his constituents and pressured the Department of Transportation to add the route.

The *Mountaineer* operated as a section of the ChicagoWashington/Newport News *James Whitcomb Riley* between Chicago and Cincinnati. The two trains separated at a Chesapeake & Ohio Railway (C&O) yard in Ashland, Kentucky, with the *Riley* continuing to Washington and Newport News, while the *Mountaineer* continued to Catlettsburg, Kentucky and points east roughly twenty-five minutes behind the *Riley*. Westbound the procedure was reversed.

The first trains ran on March 24, 1975, marking the return of rail passenger service to the Norfolk & Western. Amtrak guaranteed two years of operation, while warning that the train would "habitually lose money." Amtrak president Paul Reistrup projected costs of $4.5 million/year while taking in $900,000 in the first year. To make the run viable the *Mountaineer* would need to carry 150300 people daily between Norfolk and Cincinnati.

In 1976 Amtrak announced several possible changes to the *Mountaineer*, including a later schedule through West Virginia and combined operation west of Cincinnati with both the *Riley* and an unnamed (and never implemented) WashingtonDenver train. Under this plan the *Mountaineer* would receive new Amfleet equipment but lose its sleeping car. The schedule changes never took place, but Amtrak was forced to re-equip the *Mountaineer* after a harsh winter damaged many of its old steam-heated coaches and locomotives. The *Mountaineer* was one of eight routes suspended in January 1977, and it returned with an all-Amfleet consist, minus the sleeping car.

Ridership on the *Mountaineer* over its two-year probationary period was disappointing: 58,991 in 1975 and 53,400 in 1976. Averaged over a 365-day year, this was 161 passengers per day in 1975 and 146 in 1976. By 1977 daily ridership had dwindled to 35. Monetary losses were far higher than expected: $5.7 million in FY1975 and $14.9 million in FY1976. After a brief respite, Amtrak discontinued the *Mountaineer* on May 31, 1977. A new train, the *Hilltopper*, operated over much of the same route until 1979.

## Stations

None of the fourteen stations east of Cincinnati had seen Amtrak service before. Tri-State Station (named for the states of Kentucky, Ohio and West Virginia) in Catlettsburg, Kentucky replaced an existing stop at Ashland. Amtrak built new stations at Roanoke and Bluefield. The remaining stops all used existing Norfolk & Western stations, with varying degrees of refurbishment and renovation. Two cities, Petersburg and Lynchburg, Virginia, had additional rail service at different stations. Amtrak's Florida-bound trains used the ex-Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Petersburg station, while the Southern Railway's remaining trains used Kemper Street station in Lynchburg.

## Equipment

The *Mountaineer'*s typical consist (at first) was five cars: a baggage-dormitory, two coaches, a grill diner and a 10-roomette 6-bedroom (10-6) sleeping car. When available, one of the coaches was a dome car. Starting in January 1977 Amtrak ran a consist of three new Amfleet cars, typically two coaches and a cafe.

## InfoBox

*Mountaineer*
| The *Mountaineer* at Welch, West Virginia in March 1975 | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Service type | Inter-city rail |
| Status | Discontinued |
| Locale | West Virginia |
| Predecessor | *Pocahontas* |
| First service | March 24, 1975 |
| Last service | May 31, 1977 |
| Successor | *Hilltopper* |
| Former operator(s) | Amtrak |
| Ridership | 53,400 (1977) |
| Route | |
| Termini | Norfolk, Virginia<br>Chicago, Illinois |
| Stops | 18 |
| Distance travelled | 968 miles (1,558 km) |
| Average journey time | 24 hours 40 minutes |
| Service frequency | Daily |
| Train number(s) | 54,55 |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | * Coach * Sleeper |
| Sleeping arrangements | Roomettes and bedrooms |
| Catering facilities | Grill diner |
| Observation facilities | Dome coach |
| Baggage facilities | Checked |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) |
| Track owner(s) | Norfolk and Western Railway |
|  | |


title: USS Virginia (SP-746)

abstract: The seventh USS Virginia (SP-746) was a motor boat in the United States Navy. Virginia was built in 1906 at City Island in Bronx, New York. It was used by the Maine lobster warden, and was acquired by the Navy on 13 July 1917 under free lease from the state of Maine. Though officially designated SP-746 on the Naval Register, Virginia retained her name informally while in naval service. The Navy Directory for 1918 lists her as Virginia (SP-746) and indicates that she was assigned to the 1st Naval District. The vessel conducted patrols out of the section base located at Machias, Maine. She served the Navy until she was returned to her owner on 28 January 1919 when her name was struck from the Navy List.

text:
# USS Virginia (SP-746)

The seventh **USS *Virginia* (SP-746)** was a motor boat in the United States Navy.

*Virginia* was built in 1906 at City Island in Bronx, New York. It was used by the Maine lobster warden, and was acquired by the Navy on 13 July 1917 under free lease from the state of Maine.

Though officially designated *SP-746* on the Naval Register, *Virginia* retained her name informally while in naval service. The Navy Directory for 1918 lists her as *Virginia (SP-746)* and indicates that she was assigned to the 1st Naval District. The vessel conducted patrols out of the section base located at Machias, Maine.

She served the Navy until she was returned to her owner on 28 January 1919 when her name was struck from the Navy List.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | USS *Virginia* |
| Laid down | 1906 |
| Acquired | by lease, 13 July 1917 |
| Commissioned | 13 July 1917 |
| Decommissioned | 28 January 1919 |
| Stricken | 28 January 1919 |
| Fate | Returned to owner, 28 January 1919 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Motor boat |
| Tonnage | 26 long tons (26 t) |
| Length | 61 ft 6 in (18.75 m) |
| Beam | 10 ft 4 in (3.15 m) |
| Draft | 3 ft 6 in (1.07 m) |
| Speed | 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) |
| Complement | 6 |
| Armament | 1 × machine gun |


title: WATFIV

abstract:
WATFIV, developed at the University of Waterloo, Canada is an implementation of the Fortran computer programming language. It is the successor of WATFOR. WATFIV was used from the late 1960s into the mid-1980s. WATFIV was in turn succeeded by later versions of WATFOR.
Because it could complete the three usual steps ("compile-link-go") in just one pass, the system became popular for teaching students computer programming.

text:
# WATFIV

**WATFIV** (**Waterloo FORTRAN IV**), developed at the University of Waterloo, Canada is an implementation of the Fortran computer programming language. It is the successor of **WATFOR**.

WATFIV was used from the late 1960s into the mid-1980s. WATFIV was in turn succeeded by later versions of WATFOR. Because it could complete the three usual steps ("compile-link-go") in just one pass, the system became popular for teaching students computer programming.

## History

In the early 1960s, newly formed computer science departments started university programs to teach computer programming languages. The Fortran language had been developed at IBM, but suffered from slow and error-prone three-stage batch processing workflow. In the first stage, the compiler started with source code and produced object code. In the second stage, a linker constructed a complete program using growing libraries of common functions. Finally, the program was repeatedly executed with data for the typical scientific and business problems of customers. Each step often included a new set of punched cards or tape. Students, on the other hand, had very different requirements. Their programs were generally short, but usually contained logic and syntax errors, resulting in time-consuming repetition of the steps and confusing "core dumps" (It often took a full day to submit and receive the successful or failed output from the computer operator). Once their programs worked correctly, they were turned in and not run again.

In 1961, the University of Wisconsin developed a technology called FORGO for the IBM 1620 which combined some of the steps. Similar experiments were carried out at Purdue University on the IBM 7090 in a system called PUFFT.

### WATFOR 7040

In summer 1965, four undergraduate students of the University of Waterloo, Gus German, James G. Mitchell Richard Shirley and Robert Zarnke, led by Peter Shantz, developed a Fortran compiler for the IBM 7040 computer called WATFOR. Its objectives were fast compilation speed and effective error diagnostics at both compile and execution time. It eliminates the need for a separate linking step and, as a result, FORTRAN programs which contain no syntax errors are placed into immediate execution. Professor J. Wesley Graham provided leadership throughout the project.

This simple, one-step process allowed non-experienced programmers to learn programming with lower cost in time and computing resources. To aid in debugging, the compiler uses an innovative approach to checking for undefined variables (an extremely common mistake by novice programmers). It uses a diagnostic feature of the 7040 that can deliberately set areas of memory to bad parity. When a program tries to reference variables that hadn't been set, the machine takes an interrupt (handled by the Watfor runtime routines) and the error is reported to the user as an undefined variable. This has the pleasant side effect of checking for undefined variables with essentially no CPU overhead.

WATFOR quickly gained popularity and over 75 institutions installed it on their IBM 7040 systems. The distribution of the compiler was handled by Sandra Bruce (née Hope).

### WATFOR 360

In 1966, the University planned to replace the 7040 with an IBM System/360 computer, which was much faster but not software compatible. A team of full-time employees and undergraduate students was formed to write an IBM 360 version. The project members, Betty Schmidt, Paul Dirksen, Paul H. Cress, Lothar K. "Ned" Kesselhut, Bill Kindree and Dereck Meek, were later joined by Mike Doyle, Rod Milne, Ron Hurdal and Lynn Williams, completed 360 WATFOR in the early part of 1967. Many other institutions (universities, colleges, businesses and governmental agencies) started using the WATFOR compiler to meet needs similar to those experienced at the University of Waterloo. The distribution of the software and customer support was carried on by Sandra Ward.

### WATFIV

As a result of proposals from the SHARE user group Fortran committee and others, a new version called WATFIV was produced in 1968. WATFIV introduced new features such as CHARACTER variables and direct-access input-output. The Association for Computing Machinery presented Paul Cress and Paul Dirksen the Grace Murray Hopper Award for contributions to the WATFOR and WATFIV projects in 1972. The WATFIV compiler was included in the DATAPRO Honour Roll for 1975 and 1976. People involved with maintenance and enhancement included Bernie Murphy, Martin Wiseman and Yvonne Johnson.

WATFIV was pronounced as "WHAT FIVE", but, as was realized at the time, could also (almost) still be pronounced as "WHAT FOR", as in WAT-F-IV (Waterloo Fortran IV).

Universities and corporations used these compilers and a number of other software products have been developed in the WATFOR tradition. For example, a version for the COBOL programming language is called WATBOL. Daniel D. McCracken said "it is no exaggeration to suggest that WATFOR revolutionized the use of computers in education." At one point, more than 3,000 mini and mainframe computer licenses and over 100,000 microcomputer licenses were held worldwide for this family of software products.

### WATFOR-11, -S and -11S

In 1974, a compiler with characteristics similar to the IBM implementation was created for the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 computer and called WATFOR-11. The team members, Jack Schueler, Jim Welch and Terry Wilkinson, were later joined by Ian McPhee who had added new control statements to the WATFIV compiler for structured programming (SP). These new statements included the block IF (later included in the ANSI X3.9-1978 language standard), WHILE, UNTIL, and others. WATFIV-S was announced in 1974 and a few months later, WATFOR-11S (the "S" indicating the new SP features) was also announced. The original SP features were later enhanced with additional statements by Bruce Hay in WATFIV-S in 1980 and by Jack Schueler in WATFOR-11S in 1981.

### WATFOR-77

During the 1970s, the ANSI X3J3 subcommittee (the FORTRAN language standard group) developed a new language standard which was officially approved in April, 1978. This standard, designated FORTRAN 77, introduced many new statements into the language. In fact, the previous language standard FORTRAN 66 is a very small document and describes, what is in effect, a subset of most implementations of FORTRAN. For example, the WATFIV and WATFOR-11 implementations are based upon the IBM definition of FORTRAN-IV.

As programmers used the FORTRAN 77 features, a new compiler was required to combine the advantages of the WATFIV compiler with the new language standard. In January 1983, a project to develop a FORTRAN 77 compiler was started at Watcom Systems Inc. Under the leadership of Jack Schueler, Watcom employees and undergraduate students from the University of Waterloo's Co-operative Computer Science program became involved in the creation of the WATFOR-77 compiler. The major work was done by Geno Coschi, Fred Crigger, John Dahms, Jim Graham, Jack Schueler, Anthony Scian and Paul Van Oorschot. They were assisted by Rod Cremasco, John McCormick, David McKee and Brian Stecher. Many of the team members from former compiler projects provided input. These included Bruce Hay, Ian McPhee, Sandra Ward, Jim Welch and Terry Wilkinson.

Unlike previous compilers, a significant portion of WATFOR-77 was written in a portable systems language to ease the implementation of the compiler on other computer systems. Earlier WATFOR compilers were written entirely in machine-dependent assembly language.

Two components of the compiler are not portable. The code generator translates FORTRAN statements into native computer instructions and stores them in memory. The first version of WATFOR-77 generates instructions for the IBM 370 computer architecture. Most of the execution-time support (undefined variable checking, subscript evaluation, intrinsic functions) was written in assembly language for good performance. In September 1984, the first version was installed at the University of Waterloo for the Department of Computing Services. It was an implementation for IBM 370 computers running the VM/SP CMS operating system.

A few months earlier, in May 1984, a project started to implement the WATFOR-77 compiler on the IBM Personal Computer. This project included Geno Coschi, Fred Crigger, Tim Galvin, Athos Kasapi, Jack Schueler, Terry Skomorowski and Brian Stecher. In April 1985, this second version of WATFOR-77 was installed at the University of Waterloo for use by students of the Faculty of Engineering. The compiler can run on a 256K IBM Personal Computer using IBM PC DOS 2.0 and does not require special floating-point hardware.

In the fall of 1985, a Japanese version of WATFOR-77 was delivered to IBM Japan for the IBM JX Personal Computer. This version produces Japanese language error messages and supported the Kanji, Hiragana and Katakana character sets for variable names and character strings. To support the JX, the Language Reference manual and User's Guide were translated into Japanese. Another version of WATFOR-77 with the same features mentioned above was also developed for Japanese IBM PS/55 family of personal computers in Spring 1988.

During the summer of 1986, the IBM PC version of WATFOR-77 was adapted to run on the Unisys ICON which runs the QNX operating system. Since QNX is quite different from IBM PC DOS, parts of the run-time system were rewritten. This implementation of WATFOR-77 was made available in September 1986.

During the summer of 1985, a project was started to adapt WATFOR-77 to the Digital Equipment Corporation VAX computer series running the VMS operating system. The members of this project included Geno Coschi, Marc Ouellette, Jack Schueler and Terry Skomorowski. This implementation was made available in March 1987.

Also, in the spring of 1988, a new project was begun to develop an optimizing FORTRAN 77 compiler. This compiler uses the code generator from the Watcom C compiler, which produces superior machine code to other C compilers. The FORTRAN 77 optimizing compiler was first shipped in mid-1990.

In October 1990, the 25th anniversary of WATFOR was celebrated. Many involved in the development of the WATFOR compilers were invited to the University of Waterloo for a reunion.

In spring 1992, a version of WATFOR-77 was adapted to the NEC PC-9801 family of personal computers. This version was similar to the IBM PS/55 version but modified to accommodate architectural differences. In January 1992, development of a 32-bit version of WATFOR-77 for Intel 80386 and Intel 80486 personal computers began. The first version was shipped in the fall of 1992.

As late as 1995, classes for programming in WATFIV were still being held at the University of Mississippi, led by Professor Charles H. (Chuckie) Franke.

## Further reading


title: HD 116029

abstract: HD 116029 is a binary star system about 400 light-years away. The primary subgiant star HD 116029 A belongs to the spectral class K1. Its age is younger than the Sun`s at 2.7±0.5 billion years. The primary star is slightly enriched by heavy elements, having 130% of solar abundance. The primary star does not have detectable flare activity. In 2016 the co-moving binary stellar companion HD 116029 B was detected. It is a red dwarf star of visual magnitude 16. The companion was confirmed orbiting the primary at a projected separation of 171 AU in 2017.

text:
# HD 116029

**HD 116029** is a binary star system about 400 light-years away.

The primary subgiant star *HD 116029 A* belongs to the spectral class K1. Its age is younger than the Sun\`s at 2.7±0.5 billion years. The primary star is slightly enriched by heavy elements, having 130% of solar abundance. The primary star does not have detectable flare activity.

In 2016 the co-moving binary stellar companion *HD 116029 B* was detected. It is a red dwarf star of visual magnitude 16. The companion was confirmed orbiting the primary at a projected separation of 171 AU in 2017.

## Planetary system

In 2011 one superjovian planet, HD 116029 b, on a mildly eccentric orbit around star *HD 116029 A* was discovered utilizing the radial velocity method. One more planet on a wider orbit was detected in 2016. The planets *b* and *c* are orbiting in a 2:3 orbital resonance.

The HD 116029 planetary system
| Companion
(in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis
(AU) | Orbital period
(days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **HD 116029 A b** | ≥2.1±0.2 MJ | 1.73±0.04 | 670.2±8.3 | \<0.21 |  |  |
| **HD 116029 A c** | ≥1.27±0.1 MJ |  | 907±30 | 0.038+0.127
0.038 |  |  |

## InfoBox

HD 116029
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| --- | --- |
| Constellation | Coma Berenices |
|
| Right ascension | 13h 20m 39.5422s |
| Declination | +24° 38 55.3099 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 7.89 |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | subgiant |
| Spectral type | K1IV+M |
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| B−V color index | 1.009 |
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| Astrometry | |
|  | |
| **Radial velocity (Rv)** | -6.42 km/s |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: -14.495 mas/yr
Dec.: -52.193 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 8.0853 ± 0.0384 mas |
| **Distance** | 403 ± 2 ly
(123.7 ± 0.6 pc) |
|  | |
| Orbit | |
| **Primary** | HD 116029 A |
| **Companion** | HD 116029 B |
| **Semi-major axis (a)** | 1.392"
(171 AU) |
| Details | |
| HD 116029 A | |
| **Mass** | 1.445±0.094 |
| **Radius** | 4.6±0.1 |
| **Luminosity** | 11.7 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | 3.40±0.06 cgs |
| **Temperature** | 4894±36 |
| **Metallicity** | 0.12 ± 0.02 |
| **Rotational velocity (*v* sin *i*)** | 1.0±0.6 km/s |
| **Age** | 2.7±0.5 Gyr |
| HD 116029 B | |
| **Mass** | 0.26 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | 5.033±0.019 cgs |
| Other designations | |
| BD+25 26232, Gaia DR2 1446584503287858560, HD 116029, HIP 65117, TYC 1994-2335-1, 2MASS J13203954+2438555 | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: H-class container ship

abstract: The H class is a class of container ships operated by the Danish shipping company Maersk Line. The ships were built by Hyundai Heavy Industries at their shipyard located in Ulsan, South Korea. The ships are each 353 metres long and 53.5 metres wide. The ship has 21 container bays and can carry a maximum of 21 TEU containers wide on deck. They are not designed with a specific speed and draft in mind and thus can be deployed on both east-west and north-south maritime routes. The first nine ships were ordered by Maersk in 2015. In 2018 Maersk announced it had ordered two additional ships from the same shipbuilder.

text:
# H-class container ship

The **H class** is a class of container ships operated by the Danish shipping company Maersk Line. The ships were built by Hyundai Heavy Industries at their shipyard located in Ulsan, South Korea.

The ships are each 353 metres (1,158 ft 2 in) long and 53.5 metres (175 ft 6 in) wide. The ship has 21 container bays and can carry a maximum of 21 TEU containers wide on deck. They are not designed with a specific speed and draft in mind and thus can be deployed on both east-west and north-south maritime routes.

The first nine ships were ordered by Maersk in 2015. In 2018 Maersk announced it had ordered two additional ships from the same shipbuilder.

## Service history

### 2018 *Maersk Honam* fire

On 6 March 2018, a large fire broke out in one of the cargo holds of the *Maersk Honam*. It took more than three days to get the fire under control and the ship continued to burn for several more days. Four crew members died and one more was reported missing. The ship was salvaged and the damaged parts of the vessel were rebuilt. The ship was renamed *Maersk Halifax* before entering into service again.

### Attack on *Maersk Hangzhou*

On 30 December 2023 *Maersk Hangzhou* was attacked in the Gulf of Aden by Houthi forces, attempting to board the vessel. Personnel aboard the ship repelled the attack and with the aid of the United States Navy, drove off the attackers.

## List of ships

| Ship name | Yard number | IMO number | Delivered | Status | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Maersk Hong Kong* | 2871 | 9784257 | 6 July 2017 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Horsburgh* | 2872 | 9784269 | 11 August 2017 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Honam*<br>now *Maersk Halifax* | 2873 | 9784271 | 31 August 2017 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Hidalgo* | 2874 | 9784283 | 16 October 2017 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Hanoi* | 2875 | 9784259 | 6 January 2018 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Hangzhou* | 2876 | 9784300 | 5 February 2018 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Hamburg* | 2877 | 9784312 | 1 May 2018 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Herrera* | 2878 | 9784324 | 31 July 2018 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Havana* | 2879 | 9784336 | 4 January 2019 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Huacho* | 3040 | 9848948 | 15 April 2019 | In service |  |
| *Maersk Houston* | 3041 | 9848950 | 15 May 2019 | In service |  |

## InfoBox

| *Maersk Hidalgo* in the port of Trieste | |
| --- | --- |
| Class overview | |
| Builders | Hyundai Heavy Industries, Ulsan, South Korea |
| Operators | Maersk Line |
| In service | 2017–present |
| Planned | 11 |
| Completed | 11 |
| Active | 11 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Container ship |
| Tonnage | 153,774 GT |
| Length | 353 m (1,158 ft 2 in) |
| Beam | 53.5 m (175 ft 6 in) |
| Draft | 15 m (49 ft 3 in) |
| Depth | 29.9 m (98 ft 1 in) |
| Capacity | 15,226 TEU |


title: HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School

abstract: HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School is an aided secondary school in Hong Kong. Founded in September 2003, the school is fully subsidized by Government of Hong Kong. Most subjects of the school are taught in Chinese. Situated in Fu Tung Estate, Tung Chung, New Territories near Tung Chung station, the grammar school had 65 teachers, as of 2016. Established by Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers, the school is the only secondary school governed by the teachers union.

text:
# HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School

| HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 香港教育工作者聯會黃楚標中學 |
| Simplified Chinese | 香港教育工作者联会黄楚标中学 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Xiānggǎng Jiàoyùgōngzuòzhě Lián Huì Huáng Chǔbiāo Zhōngxué  Yue: Cantonese  Jyutping Hoeng1 gong2 gaau3 juk6 gung1 zok3 ze2 lyun4 wui6 wong4 co2 biu1 zung1 hok6 | |
|  | |

**HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School** is an aided secondary school in Hong Kong. Founded in September 2003, the school is fully subsidized by Government of Hong Kong. Most subjects of the school are taught in Chinese. Situated in Fu Tung Estate, Tung Chung, New Territories near Tung Chung station, the grammar school had 65 teachers, as of 2016. Established by Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers, the school is the only secondary school governed by the teachers union.

## List of principals

| Name | Years in office |
| --- | --- |
| Jenny Chung Sin-ling | 2003–2016 |
| Chow Yu-fai | 2016–2017 |
| Hui Chun-lung | 2017–Present |

## House system

Admitted students of the school will be allocated into the four houses on an equal footing. The house that they belong to remains the same until they graduate or drop out. There are four houses in the school and each of them is led by two teachers, also serving as its advisers.

## Class structure and curriculum

### Past curriculum

Prior to 2008, there were 27 classes in the school:

| Year | Classes |
| --- | --- |
| Secondary 1 | 5 |
| Secondary 2 | 5 |
| Secondary 3 | 5 |
| Secondary 4 | 5 (including 3 liberal arts and business classes, 2 science classes) |
| Secondary 5 | 5 (including 3 liberal arts and business classes, 2 science classes) |
| Secondary 6 | 2 (including 1 liberal arts and business class, 1 science class) |

Secondary 1 to Secondary 3 students were offered a broad and balanced curriculum, focusing on languages, liberal arts, business and science. The best-performing 40 students would be placed in class A, while other students would be distributed to other four classes.

The classes were divided into two disciplines throughout the senior form. Within all Secondary 4 to Secondary 5 classes, three of them were liberal arts and business classes, the remainder was science classes.

The students need to take part in Hong Kong Certificate of Education Examination (HKCEE) at the end of Secondary 5. If they did not pass the examination, they would have to apply for repeating Secondary 5 in the school or other schools.

Curriculum was broadened in Secondary 6. New courses, including Use of English, Chinese Language and Culture, Advanced Supplementary (AS) and Advanced Level (AL) subjects, were added to Secondary 6 curriculum.

### Current curriculum

Senior form students in the academic year of 2009/2010 was offered a brand-new curriculum after implementation of the education reform. Apart from languages, liberal arts, business and science courses, new courses like Mathematics, Liberal Studies, Geography, Visual Arts and Information and Communication Technology were added to the curriculum.

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School
香港教育工作者聯會黃楚標中學 | |
| --- | --- |
| Pictured in 2016 | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Area 10, Phase 3, Fu Tung Estate, Tung Chung, Lantau Island, New Territories
Hong Kong | |
| Coordinates | 22°17′18″N 113°56′41″E / 22.288331°N 113.944624°E / 22.288331; 113.944624 |
| Information | |
| School type | Aided Secondary school |
| Motto | Pragmatic and Innovative
(求實創新) |
| Established | September 2003 (2003-09) |
| School district | Islands District |
| Chairman | Wong Kwan-yu |
| Principal | Chow Yu-fai |
| Teaching staff | 65 (as of 2016) |
| Years | 6 |
| Gender | Co-educational |
| Grade 1 | (F.1) 195 (as of 2007) |
| Grade 2 | (F.2) 196 (as of 2007) |
| Grade 3 | (F.3) 182 (as of 2007) |
| Grade 4 | (F.4) 189 (as of 2007) |
| Grade 5 | (F.5) 180 (as of 2007) |
| Grade 6 | (F.6) 61 (as of 2007) |
| Classes | 22 (as of 2016) |
| Language | Predominantly Chinese |
| Campus size | About 8,400 m² |
| Houses | Honesty
Trust
Benevolence
Love |
| Affiliation | Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers |
| Website | www.wcbss.edu.hk |


title: Pavlos Mousouros

abstract: Pavlos Mousouros was the Ottoman-appointed Prince of Samos from 1866 to 1873. He was the brother of Konstantinos Mousouros and like him became a diplomat, serving as ambassador of the Ottoman Empire to the Austrian Empire. He was recalled in 1866 and appointed Prince of Samos. During his tenure there, he constructed the road connecting Vathy with Mytilinioi and some bridges. Disregarding the established rights and privileges of the Principality of Samos, he proposed the construction of a permanent camp for the Ottoman soldiers resident in the Principality. However the proposition was turned down by the Samian Parliament. He was generally viewed by the Samian population as an unjust ruler.

text:
# Pavlos Mousouros

**Pavlos Mousouros** was the Ottoman-appointed Prince of Samos from 1866 to 1873.

He was the brother of Konstantinos Mousouros and like him became a diplomat, serving as ambassador of the Ottoman Empire to the Austrian Empire. He was recalled in 1866 and appointed Prince of Samos. During his tenure there, he constructed the road connecting Vathy with Mytilinioi and some bridges.

Disregarding the established rights and privileges of the Principality of Samos, he proposed the construction of a permanent camp for the Ottoman soldiers resident in the Principality. However the proposition was turned down by the Samian Parliament. He was generally viewed by the Samian population as an unjust ruler.

## InfoBox

| Pavlos Mousouros | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Prince of Samos | |
| **In office**
1866–1873 | |
| Preceded by | Miltiadis Aristarchis |
| Succeeded by | Georgios Georgiadis (acting) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1810
Constantinople |
| Died | 1876 |
|  | |