title: Gregory Franchi

abstract: Gregory "Greg" Franchi is a Belgian racing driver.

text:
# Gregory Franchi

**Gregory "Greg" Franchi** (born 6 April 1982, in Flémalle) is a Belgian racing driver.

## Career

### Karting

Franchi began his karting career in 2000, with the 36th place in European Championship Formula A.

### Formula Ford

Franchi make debut in his formula racing career in French Formula Ford championship where he finished as runner-up.

### Formula Renault

After race at Autódromo do Estoril in the Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup in 2001, he remained for 2002, but switched to ADM Junior Team. He finished 39th without scoring a point. Also he participated in three races of the Italian Formula Renault Championship with the same team.

### Formula Three

In 2003, Franchi stepped up to the Italian Formula Three Championship with the Lucidi Motors team. He finished third in the standings after taking four podium places. Also he appeared as a guest driver at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in British Formula 3.

Franchi moved to Signature and the Formula 3 Euro Series in 2004, finishing season on the 29th position. He remained in series for the following season, but switched to the Prema Powerteam. He improved to seventeenth place in the standings and scored four points.

### Formula Renault 3.5 Series

In 2006 he stepped up to the Formula Renault 3.5 Series with Prema Powerteam. He took ten points, finishing in third place at Monaco race that was part of the Formula One Grand Prix weekend. It was single points for him and he received 25th final position in standings.

### Touring car and GT racing

In 2007, Franchi moved to touring car and GT racing, competing in series such as Eurocup Mégane Trophy, FIA GT, Belcar and FFSA GT Championship.

## Racing record

### Career summary

| Season | Series | Team | Races | Wins | Poles | F/Laps | Podiums | Points | Position |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | Formula Ford France |  | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 165 | **2nd** |
| | Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup |  | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72nd |
| 2002 | Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup | ADM Junior Team | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39th |
| | | Italian Formula Renault Championship | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NC |
| 2003 | Italian Formula Three | Lucidi Motors | 9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 78 | **3rd** |
| | | British Formula 3 Championship | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | NC† |
| 2004 | Formula 3 Euro Series | Opel Team Signature | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29th |
| | | Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | 29th |
| | | British Formula 3 Championship | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | NC† |
| 2005 | Formula 3 Euro Series | Prema Powerteam | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 17th |
| | | Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | 21st |
| 2006 | Formula Renault 3.5 Series | Prema Powerteam | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 25th |
| 2007 | Eurocup Mégane Trophy | Equipe Verschuur | 8 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 37 | 11th |
| | Le Mans Series | Aston Martin Larbre | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 11th |
| | FIA GT - GT1 | Luc Alphand Aventures | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 20th |
| 2008 | Belcar | Equipe Verschuur | 11 | 3 | ? | 5 | ? | 117 | 4th |
| | FIA GT - GT1 | Larbre Competition | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 14th |
| 2010 | FFSA GT Championship | WRT | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 86 | 6th |
| | FIA GT3 European Championship | Saintéloc-Phoenix Racing | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 20th |
| | Belgian Audi Club | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| 2011 | Blancpain Endurance Series \- GT3 Pro | WRT Belgian Audi Club | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 89.5 | **1st** |
| | FIA GT3 European Championship | Belgian Audi Club Team WRT | 12 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 75 | 9th |
| 2012 | Blancpain Endurance Series \- Pro | Vita4One Racing Team | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 53 | 8th |
| | Baku City Challenge | Vita4One Team Italy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | 8th |
| 2013 | Blancpain Endurance Series \- Pro | Vita4One Racing Team | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 24th |

### Complete Formula 3 Euro Series results

(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole position) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | DC | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | Opel Team Signature | Dallara F302/067 | Spiess-Opel | HOC
1
22 | HOC
2
17 | EST
1
23 | EST
2
19 | ADR
1
16 | ADR
1
15 | PAU
1
Ret | PAU
2
Ret | NOR
1
Ret | NOR
1
14 | MAG
1
17 | MAG
2
20 | NÜR
1
21 | NÜR
2
17 | ZAN
1
Ret | ZAN
2
21 | BRN
1 | BRN
2 | HOC
3
Ret | HOC
4
DNS | 29th | 0 |
| 2005 | Prema Powerteam | Dallara F305/004 | Spiess-Opel | HOC
1
13 | HOC
2
19 | PAU
1
15 | PAU
2
Ret | SPA
1
DSQ | SPA
2
7 | MON
1
Ret | MON
2
Ret | OSC
1
18 | OSC
2
18 | NOR
1
Ret | NOR
2
12 | NÜR
1
8 | NÜR
2
9 | ZAN
1
4 | ZAN
2
7 | LAU
1
13 | LAU
2
7 | HOC
3
10 | HOC
4
12 | 17th | 11 |

### Complete Formula Renault 3.5 Series results

(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole position) (Races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)

| Year | Entrant | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | DC | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | Prema Powerteam | ZOL
1
15 | ZOL
2
12 | MON
1
3 | IST
1
Ret | IST
2
19 | MIS
1
11 | MIS
2
Ret | SPA
1
18 | SPA
2
15 | NÜR
1
18 | NÜR
2
16 | DON
1
23 | DON
2
15 | LMS
1
23 | LMS
2
Ret | CAT
1
17 | CAT
2
Ret | 25th | 10 |

## InfoBox

| Gregory Franchi | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nationality | Belgian |
| Born | (1982-04-06) 6 April 1982
Flémalle (Belgium) |
| FFSA GT Championship career | |
| Debut season | 2010 |
| Current team | WRT |
| Racing licence | FIA Silver |
| Car number | 37 |
| Starts | 6 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Poles | 0 |
| Fastest laps | 0 |
| Previous series | |
| 2008
200708
2007
2006
200405
200304
2003
2002
200102
2001 | Belcar
FIA GT
Eurocup Mégane Trophy
Formula Renault 3.5 Series
Formula 3 Euro Series
British Formula 3
Italian Formula Three
Formula Renault 2.0 Italy
Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0
Formula Ford France |


title: Jim Bradford (footballer)

abstract: Jim "Nipper" Bradford was an Australian rules football player. He played seven games with Collingwood in 1943, and nine with North Melbourne in 1949. He was the shortest player ever to play Australian rules football at the highest level. He stood five feet tall. Bradford played 76 games for Camberwell and kicked 169 goals (1945-48). He won Camberwell's best and fairest in 1945, 1946. He was named as the rover in Camberwell Football Club's Team of the Century.

text:
# Jim Bradford (footballer)

**Jim "Nipper" Bradford** (2 March 1926 – 8 March 2005) was an Australian rules football player. He played seven games with Collingwood in 1943, and nine with North Melbourne in 1949.

He was the shortest player ever to play Australian rules football at the highest level. He stood five feet tall (152 centimetres).

Bradford played 76 games for Camberwell and kicked 169 goals (1945-48). He won Camberwell's best and fairest in 1945, 1946.

He was named as the rover in Camberwell Football Club's Team of the Century.

## InfoBox

| Jim Bradford | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1926-03-02)2 March 1926 | | |
| Date of death | 8 March 2005(2005-03-08) (aged 79) | | |
| Original team(s) | Abbotsford | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1943 | Collingwood | 07 (16) |
| 1949 | North Melbourne | 09 0(8) |
| 1950-1954 | West Torrens | 076 0(197) |
| Total |  | **92 (221)** |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1954. | | | |
| Career highlights | | | |
|  | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Nannie Webb Curtis

abstract: Nannie Webb Curtis was an American lecturer and temperance activist, widely-known as a clubwoman. She wrote essays on the topic and edited a magazine. She served as National vice-president of Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), sat on the National Executive Committee, and was also on the Official Board of the National WCTU, the lawmaking body of organization. Her father having been a Methoidist minister, she made her living lecturing as a pulpit orator on the topics of prohibition and woman suffrage on behalf of the National WCTU, Chautauqua, and the lyceum circuits. Frequently characterized as being "bigger than her state", Curtis was a patriot and a speaker of national fame.

text:
# Nannie Webb Curtis

**Nannie Webb Curtis** (née, **Austin**; after first marriage, **Webb**; after second marriage, **Curtis**; June 22, 1861 - March 29, 1920) was an American lecturer and temperance activist, widely-known as a clubwoman. She wrote essays on the topic and edited a magazine. She served as National vice-president of Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), sat on the National Executive Committee, and was also on the Official Board of the National WCTU, the lawmaking body of organization. Her father having been a Methoidist minister, she made her living lecturing as a pulpit orator on the topics of prohibition and woman suffrage on behalf of the National WCTU, Chautauqua, and the lyceum circuits. Frequently characterized as being "bigger than her state", Curtis was a patriot and a speaker of national fame.

## Early life and education

Nannie Austin was born in Hardin County, Tennessee, June 22, 1861. Her parents were Rev. D. J. and Julia Ann (Couch) Austin. On her paternal side, her great-grandfather was Benjamin A. Austin, an uncle of Stephen F. Austin. Moses Austin was also a distant relative.

From her childhood, Curtis was bent on temperance reform. The Rev. Atticus Webb, in *The Union Signal* for April 8, 1920, related that Curtis' father, a prosperous merchant, included a large number of barrels of liquor in his stock, and that one day, during her father's absence, Curtis turned on the faucets of all the casks in the cellar, and allowed the contents to run to waste. When her father remonstrated with and threatened to whip her, she replied that if he did she would burn the liquor up the next time.

She was brought to Texas in her early girlhood by her parents who settled in Bivins, Texas.

Coming info the world during that period when the South was struggling back from the devastation of civil war, Curtis was early inured to the lessons of effort, which developed in her a never-dying determination to contend for the right against the wrong regardless of popularity or public opinion.

She received her early education in the public schools of Mississippi.

## Career

From 1879 to 1894, with intervals at home, Curtis taught in various schools.

In 1881, she married W. J. Webb (d. 1890) while residing in Texarkana, Texas later moving to Sherman, Texas. They had four son, W. Earl Webb, Roy Orson Webb, Clyde Lee Webb, and one dying in infancy. The family moved to California for the husband's health, but he died there in 1890, and they family returned to Texas the following year. She married secondly, in 1893, I. S. Curtis (d. 1915), of Texarkana. When her sons reached the graded schools, she realized that her education was not sufficient to stand side by side with the education of her boys. With a desire for greater knowledge along academic lines, she entered the North Texas Female College (now Kidd-Key College), Sherman, Texas, for a two-year course in oratory, at the same time her boys went away to school.

From this place, in 1900, she was called to the platform as State Organizer of the Texas Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Having completed the course in oratory, she was elected in 1906 to the Board of National lecturers of the WCTU of America. She became national organizer and lecturer, WCTU, in 1907. In 1910, while living in Sherman, she was elected president of the Texas WCTU and continued in office to her death. Curtis also served as National vice-president, WCTU, as well as State superintendent of temperance in the International Sunday-School Association for Texas.

Curtis lead in every major city campaign in the South against the liquor traffic, as well as the State campaigns North, West and South, having toured every Southern State that voted on this question. On these tours she was given the sobriquet, "the Henry Clay of her sex", and also, "the silver-tongued orator of Dixie". She took part in campaigns in Alabama, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, and Virginia, as well as in her own State of Texas.

In 1912, she was called to the Chautauqua work, and there she was called "the queen of the Southern platform". For four consecutive years, she spent her summers with the National Lincoln Chautauquas. Her second widowing occurred in 1915. That year, now residing in Waco, Texas, Curtis was unanimously re-elected president of the Texas WCTU, at the 39th annual convention of that organization in Houston. At that convention, she was also appointed as a delegate to the National Anti-Saloon Convention to be held at Atlantic City, New Jersey. She refused many Chautauqua offers for 1917, because she felt that Texas needed her, but her Chautauqua Association succeeded in securing her for 1918. She was a member of the International Lyceum Association, lecturing on "Woman, Her Progress and Future" and "The Country's Greatest Need".

Curtis was made a member of the Sociological Conference, Nashville, Tennessee, 1912, and was appointed each year a delegate to the Southern Sociological Congress. She was asked to take a place on the Child Welfare Commission of Texas. She occupied many places of honor by appointment as recognition of her ability and her work for social, political and moral reforms. She took an active part in promoting the cause of Woman Suffrage woman suffrage.

When Oklahoma was preparing itself for Statehood, Curtis was invited to address its constitutional convention on the subject of Statewide prohibition of the liquor traffic, and as a result of her address before that body, Statewide prohibition was written into the Constitution of that State. When America entered World War I, she served on the National Council of Defense.

As a young woman, Curtis wrote and read temperance essays and pushed local campaigns in the schools of Mississippi. Later in life, she was the editor of the *Texas White Ribbon*, the official organ of the Texas WCTU, in Austin, Texas, and a collaborator on the *Red Back* medical journal, in the same city. She was also a contributor of articles to many periodicals in the US.

## Personal life

After her second marriage, she converted from the Baptist faith to the Methodist Church.

By 1918, having caught a severe cold, Curtis had fallen ill and was living in a sanitarium in Waco.

Nannie Curtis died at the home of her son, Roy, in Dallas, Texas, March 29, 1920, after a lingering illness of three months. Burial was in Oakland Cemetery, Dallas. On June 15, 1920, the Texas Senate, by a rising vote, adopted a resolution giving its "expression of appreciation and loss by reason of the death of this noble woman".

1. "NANNIE WEBB CURTIS, TEMPERANCE WORKER, DIES AT SON'S HOME". *Fort Worth Record-Telegram*. 30 March 1920. p. 1. Retrieved 28 February 2022  via Newspapers.com.
2. Moreland, Sinclair (1917). *The Texas Women's Hall of Fame*. Biographical Press. Retrieved 28 February 2022.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
3. McArthur, Judith N. (1998). *Creating the New Woman: The Rise of Southern Women's Progressive Culture in Texas, 1893-1918*. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-06679-5. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
4. "NANNIE WEBB CURTIS". *The Bremen Enquirer*. 22 July 1915. p. 2. Retrieved 28 February 2022  via Newspapers.com.
5. "Curtis, Nannie Austin". *www.tshaonline.org*. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
6. Cherrington, Ernest Hurst (1924). *Standard Encyclopedia of the Alcohol Problem*. Westerville, Ohio: American Issue Publishing Company. p. 747. Retrieved 28 February 2022.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
7. Leonard, John W. (1914). *Woman's Who's who of America*. American Commonwealth Company. p. 223. Retrieved 28 February 2022.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
8. "NANNIE WEBB CURTIS, PRESIDENT W. C. T. U. IS DEAD AT DALLAS". *Austin American-Statesman*. 29 March 1920. p. 1. Retrieved 28 February 2022  via Newspapers.com.
9. "TEXAS WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION MEETING. MRS. NANNIE WEBB CURTIS OF WACO IS RETAINED AS PRESIDENT-RESOLUTIONS PASSED, ETC". *The Rice Belt Journal*. Welsh, Louisiana. 14 May 1915. p. 7. Retrieved 28 February 2022  via Newspapers.com.
10. "MRS. NANNIE WEBB CURTIS ILL". *The Austin American*. 30 January 1918. p. 4. Retrieved 28 February 2022  via Newspapers.com.

## InfoBox

| Nannie Webb Curtis | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Nannie Austin
June 22, 1861
Hardin County, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Died | March 29, 1920
Dallas, Texas, U.S. |
| Resting place | Oakland Cemetery, Dallas |
| Occupation | * lecturer * activist * clubwoman * writer * editor |
| Language | English |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | North Texas Female College |
| Genre | * essays * articles |
| Subject | temperance |
| Spouse | * W. J. Webb  (m. 1881; died 1890) * I. S. Curtis  (m. 1893; died 1915) |
| Children | 4 sons |
| Relatives |  |


title: Nishabd

abstract: Nishabd is a 2007 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Ram Gopal Varma, starring Amitabh Bachchan and debutant Jiah Khan. The story of the film took inspiration from the 1999 American film American Beauty, and the 1986 Indian film Anokha Rishta.

text:
# Nishabd

**Nishabd** (transl.Speechless) is a 2007 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Ram Gopal Varma, starring Amitabh Bachchan and debutant Jiah Khan. The story of the film took inspiration from the 1999 American film *American Beauty*, and the 1986 Indian film *Anokha Rishta*.

## Plot

The film opens with young Ritu (Shradha Arya) bringing her friend Jia (Jiah Khan) to spend the holidays with her at her home in Kerala. Ritu's parents, Vijay Anand (Amitabh Bachchan) and Amrita (Revathi), have a beautiful home surrounded by picturesque surroundings. Vijay is a photographer, and Amrita is a homemaker.

Jia's mother lives alone in Australia (Jia's parents are divorced), and she studies in India. She is a free-spirited teenager with no attachments and no worries. She professes some affinity to Vijay, but it doesn't go much further than that. But Vijay's world is turned upside down when he takes pictures of Jia watering herself down with the garden hose. Something innocent grows into something bigger, and something bigger grows into something beyond control.

Jia's world collides with Vijay's, causing three casualties. Ritu witnesses Vijay and Jia kissing and tries to get Jia out of the house without revealing the truth to her mother but fails. Around this time, Amrita's brother Shridhar (Nassar) visits them. Through a sequence of events, he uncovers the disturbing truth about Jia and Vijay. Shridhar questions Vijay and realises that things are serious between Jia and him. Vijay confesses his love for Jia to Amrita, leaving her shattered.

Shridhar makes Vijay realise about Jia's vulnerable and naïve age, where even a small helping gesture can seem like love. Vijay understands and orders Jia to leave the house.

Both Ritu and Amrita lose their faith in Vijay. Ritu moves to America, and Vijay meets Shridhar again, the latter realising that Vijay is completely broken inside after his daughter and wife both lose trust in him. Vijay concludes that even though he often tries to commit suicide and is not scared of dying, he doesn't want to do so, as he wants to live a bit more in memories of Jia.

## Cast

## Production

The film was shot in 20 days in Munnar, Kerala. The claim that it was inspired by Vladimir Nabokov's *Lolita* was denied by Amitabh Bachchan in the CNN IBN TV show *Unspoken relationships - Nishabd special* (3 March 2007).

## Reception

The film has received mixed reviews from critics. Praise has been given to the performances of the lead actors, however the plot and script have been subject to criticism.

## Awards and nominations

Khan was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut in 2007 for her performance in Nishabd.

## Soundtrack

| Sl.No. | Song | Singer(s) | Lyricist | Composer | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Rozaana" | Amitabh Bachchan | Munna Dhiman | Vishal Bhardwaj | 06:16 |
| 2 | "Take Lite" | Jiah Khan | Farhad-Sajid | Amar Mohile | 04:30 |
| 3 | "Kabhi Nahi - Remix (from Adnan Sami's Album - Tera Chehra)" | Adnan Sami,Feat: Amitabh Bachchan | Adnan Sami | Adnan Sami | 03:39 |

## InfoBox

| Nishabd | |
| --- | --- |
| Movie poster for *Nishabd* | |
| Directed by | Ram Gopal Verma |
| Produced by | Ram Gopal Verma |
| Starring | Amitabh Bachchan
Jiah Khan
Aftab Shivdasani
Revathi
Shraddha Arya
Rukhsar |
| Cinematography | Amit Roy |
| Edited by | Nipun Gupta,
Amit Parmar |
| Music by | Vishal Bhardwaj
Amar Mohile
Adnan Sami |
| Release date | * 2 March 2007 (2007-03-02) |
| Running time | 110 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |


title: Mikkel Svane

abstract: Mikkel Svane is the co-founder and former CEO of the software company Zendesk. He has written Startupland, documenting his experiences of starting his company.

text:
# Mikkel Svane

**Mikkel Svane** is the co-founder and former CEO of the software company Zendesk. He has written *Startupland*, documenting his experiences of starting his company.

## Early life and education

Svane was born in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1971. He became interested in computer programming when he was 11 years-old. As a child, he created basic computer games. He served in the Danish military and earned a degree in economics in the early 1990s.

## Career

After college, Svane started a business creating stereograms. He authored a book and created software to help others make stereograms themselves. Svane also created a website for free news and event listings called Forum.dk. Forum.dk was purchased by a newspaper, but Svane retained ownership of the software that ran it.

The Forum.dk software became the basis of Caput A/S, a startup Svane created in 1996 that sold software to run the websites of media companies. Caput went out of business as a result of the crash following the dot-com bubble. In 2002, Svane got his first traditional job when he was recruited as General Manager at a German business consulting firm called Materna. He left that position in the Summer of 2005 and started doing his own freelance consulting work.

Svane was in his mid-30s when he founded Zendesk with two of his friends, Alexander Aghassipour and Morten Primdahl. Initially, the founders funded the company themselves, while working consulting gigs on the side. They developed the software in Svane's apartment in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Svane moved the company to California in 2009. Svane led the company's ongoing expansion and its initial public offering in 2014. In 2014, Svane published a book about his life and starting Zendesk called "*Startupland: How Three Guys Risked Everything to Turn an Idea into a Global Business*." The book details Svane's early work creating the company and raising venture capital. In June 2022, Zendesk was acquired by a group of investment firms including Hellman & Friedman and Permira, in a deal that valued Zendesk at $10.2 billion. On November 28, 2022, Svane stepped down as CEO of Zendesk.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Mikkel Svane | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1971<br>Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Education | Bachelor's in Economics |
| Occupation(s) | Entrepreneur and author |
| Employer | Zendesk |
| Notable work | Startupland |
| Title | Founder |


title: Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers

abstract: The Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers was a Territorial Army unit of the British Army. It was formed on 1 July 1999 following the Strategic Defence Review by the amalgamation of the 4th (Volunteer) Battalion, Queen's Lancashire Regiment and the 4th (Volunteer) Battalion, King's Own Royal Border Regiment. On 1 July 2006, the regiment was re-designated as the 4th Battalion, Duke of Lancaster's Regiment.

text:
# Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers

The **Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers** was a Territorial Army unit of the British Army.

It was formed on 1 July 1999 following the Strategic Defence Review by the amalgamation of the 4th (Volunteer) Battalion, Queen's Lancashire Regiment and the 4th (Volunteer) Battalion, King's Own Royal Border Regiment. On 1 July 2006, the regiment was re-designated as the **4th Battalion, Duke of Lancaster's Regiment (King's, Lancashire and Border)**.

## History

### Initial structure

This initial structure of the regiment, upon creation, was as follows:

* Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers Regimental Headquarters, at Kimberley Barracks, Preston
    + HQ (Quebec) Company, at Kimberley Barracks, Preston
    *(from HQ Company, 4th Battalion, Queen's Lancashire Regiment)*
    + A (Tobruk) (King's Own Royal Border Regiment) Company, at Barrow-in-Furness and Lancaster
    *(from HQ and C Companies, 4th Battalion, King's Own Royal Border Regiment)*
    + B (Somme) (Queen's Lancashire Regiment) Company, at Preston and Blackpool
    *(from HQ and B Companies, 4th Battalion, Queen's Lancashire Regiment)*
    + C (Sicily) (King's Own Royal Border Regiment) Company, at Workington and Carlisle
    *(from A and D Company, 4th Battalion, King's Own Royal Border Regiment)*
    + D (Waterloo) (Queen's Lancashire Regiment) Company, at Blackburn and Bury
    *(from A and C Companies, 4th Battalion, Queen's Lancashire Regiment)*

### Prior to re-designation

Three months prior to re-designation as a battalion of the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment, the King's Regiment companies of the King's and Cheshire Regiment were integrated into the structure of the regiment, in order to ease the process of re-designation.

* HQ Company, at Kimberley Barracks, Preston
* A (King's Regiment) Company, at Liverpool
*(from A (King's) Company, King's and Cheshire Regiment)*
* B (Queen's Lancashire Regiment) Company, at Blackburn and Blackpool
*(from B and D Companies)*
* C (King's Own Royal Border Regiment) Company, at Workington, Carlisle, and Barrow-in-Furness
*(from A and C Companies)*
* D (King's Regiment) Company, at Ardwick Green Barracks, Manchester
*(from C (King's) Company, King's and Cheshire Regiment)*

## 4th Battalion, Duke of Lancaster's Regiment

In July 2006, as part of Delivering Security in a Changing World, the regiment was transferred to the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment, and designated as the 4th Battalion. It now acts as the reserve infantry battalion for Merseyside, Lancashire, Greater Manchester, and Cumbria, with sub-units dispersed throughout all four counties.

### Current Structure

The current battalion structure is as follows:

## InfoBox

| Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers<br>4th Battalion, Duke of Lancaster's Regiment | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 1999 – present |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Branch | British Army |
| Role | Line Infantry |
| Size | One Battalion |
| Insignia | |
| Tactical Recognition Flash (1999–2006) |  |


title: Huang Zongxi

abstract: Huang Zongxi, courtesy name Taichong (太冲), was a Chinese naturalist, political theorist, philosopher, and soldier during the latter part of the Ming dynasty into the early part of the Qing.

text:
# Huang Zongxi

**Huang Zongxi** (Chinese: 黃宗羲; September 24, 1610 – August 12, 1695), courtesy name **Taichong** (太冲), was a Chinese naturalist, political theorist, philosopher, and soldier during the latter part of the Ming dynasty into the early part of the Qing.

## Biography

Huang was a native of Yuyao in Zhejiang province. He was the son of Huang Zunsu, an official of the Ming court and an adherent of the Donglin Movement who died in prison after opposing the powerful eunuch Wei Zhongxian.

Huang Zongxi became a licentiate in 1623 at the age of 14, and in the same year followed his father to Beijing, where his father held a post as a censor. The struggle between the Donglin faction and the eunuchs was reaching a climax during this period, and as a result the elder Huang was dismissed from office in 1625 and the two returned home. Soon after, Huang Zongxi was married to Ye Baolin. When Huang Zunsu was traveling in custody to Beijing in 1626, he introduced his son to Liu Zongzhou, a noted philosopher of the Wang Yangming school. Huang Zongxi then became a devoted disciple of Liu and a proponent of the Wang Yangming school.

Huang Zunsu was put to death in 1626. When a new emperor ascended the throne two years later, Huang Zongxi set off for the capital to protest the execution of his father. Even before he arrived, however, the eunuch faction was destroyed and those who died under it were bestowed with honors. Still, Huang engaged in daring acts of vengeance in the capital, gaining the respect of many. In accordance with his father's last wishes, he in 1631 devoted himself to studying Chinese history. In 1633, Huang completed the Shilu, or "Veritable Records" of the first thirteen reigns of the Ming dynasty.

After the beginning of the Qing dynasty and the rise to power of Ruan Dacheng, arrest warrants were issued for descendants of Donglin members, including Huang Zongxi. Liang Qichao later speculated that Huang avoided capture by fleeing to Japan during this period, but the evidence consists of only one poem. Huang assisted Ming loyalist forces until his retirement in 1649. Thereafter, Huang devoted himself to study and lived near his native home for much of the rest of his life. He died in 1695, at the age of 84.

## Study

Huang was notable for being one of the first Neo-Confucians to stress the need for constitutional law. He also openly advocated the belief that ministers should be openly critical of their emperor; and that rulers held a responsibility to their country. Moreover, an emperor should respect the concerns of his prime minister and head of the Imperial College. In local areas, the local gentry, scholars, and students should gather and form an assembly to discuss issues openly with local magistrates and officials.

Huang's first work was not completed until the age of 52, and the work's fuller influence was not felt until the declining years of the Qing dynasty.

## Major works

### *Waiting for the Dawn*

*Waiting for the Dawn* (Chinese: 明夷待訪錄) was a summary of ideas about political reform that had been advanced by various scholars since the reign of Wanli (1573–1619). The political tract begins with a condemnation of selfish autocratic rule, and declares that the world should belong to the people. The third and fifth section of the work, "On Laws" and "Schools", respectively, are particularly famous. In the former, Huang declares that all laws and regulatory bodies should be an outgrowth of local needs, not imposed by leaders with a political agenda. In the latter, he advocates using the education system as a semiofficial forum for educated opinion on public affairs.

In the sixth and seventh sections of the work, entitled "Selecting Good Men", Huang also lays out his ideas for reform of the Imperial examination system. In later sections, he discusses equitable distribution of landholdings, the division between men of civil and military background, fiscal reform, and the problem of Eunuch power during the Ming dynasty.

### *Record of the Ming Scholars*

The *Record of the Ming Scholars* (明儒学案; 明儒學案; *Mingru Xue'an*) is a systematic survey of all of the important schools of thought that arose during the Ming Dynasty. It explored their interconnection and geographical distribution, and critically evaluated on the life and teachings of important men from each school. It is usually regarded as the first great history of Chinese philosophy. The work was later lauded by Liang Qichao as a new kind of historiography.

At the time of his death, Huang Zongxi left behind an uncompleted survey of the Song and Yuan dynasties.

## Translations

* Bary, Wm. Theodore de (1994). *Waiting for the Dawn A Plan for the Prince*. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0231080972.

## InfoBox

| Huang Zongxi | |
| --- | --- |
| 黃宗羲 | |
| Huang Zongxi. | |
| Born | (1610-09-24)September 24, 1610
Yuyao, Zhejiang, China |
| Died | August 12, 1695(1695-08-12) (aged 84)
Yuyao, Zhejiang, China |
| Occupation(s) | Naturalist, political theorist, philosopher, soldier |
| Notable work | *Waiting for the Dawn*
*Record of the Ming Scholars* |
| Children | Huang Baiyao
Huang Zhengyi
Huang Baijia |
| Parent | Huang Zongsu (father) |
| Relatives | Huang Zongyan (brother)
Huang Zonghui (brother) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Traditional Chinese |  |
| Simplified Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Huáng Zōngxī  Wade–Giles Huang2 Tsung1-hsi1  IPA \[xwǎŋ tsʊ́ŋ.ɕí\] | |
| Taichong | |
| Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Taìchōng | |
| Debing | |
| Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Débīng | |
| Nanlei | |
| Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Nánleí | |
| Lizhou Laoren | |
| Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin lízhōu Lǎorén | |
| Lizhou Shanren | |
| Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin lízhōu Shānrén | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Noxal surrender

abstract: Noxal surrender was a provision of Roman law when a delict was brought against a paterfamilias for a wrong committed by a son or slave. The defendant had the option in that instance of surrendering the dependent rather than paying the full damages.

text:
# Noxal surrender

**Noxal surrender** was a provision of Roman law when a delict was brought against a *paterfamilias* for a wrong committed by a son or slave. The defendant had the option in that instance of surrendering the dependent rather than paying the full damages.

1. Alan Watson, *Roman Law & Comparative Law* (London: University of Georgia, 1991), 75.
2. Frier, Bruce W.; McGinn, Thomas A. (2004). *A Casebook on Roman Family Law*. Oxford University Press. p. 292. ISBN 978-0-19-516185-4.


title: Jim Bradbury

abstract: James Bradbury was a British historian specialising in the military history of the Middle Ages.

text:
# Jim Bradbury

**James Bradbury** (27 February 1937 – 19 January 2023) was a British historian specialising in the military history of the Middle Ages.

## Life

Bradbury was born in East London, the eldest of four to Sarah (née Joel) and George Bradbury. He attended Gayhurst Primary School and Dame Alice Owen's School, before going on to graduate with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) and a Master of Arts (MA) in History, both from King's College London. He then pursued a teaching qualification at the Institute of Education.

After teaching at comprehensive schools, Bradbury began lecturing in history at Borough Road College (later Brunel University) in the 1960s.

In 1958, Bradbury married Ann Hooper. They had three children, Stephen, Jane, and Derek, the latter of whom died in infancy. The family settled in Selsey, where Bradbury would commute from to London for work until his retirement in 1989. In his spare time, he was a trumpet player and a painter. Bradbury died in January 2023, at the age of 85.

## Selected works

* (1975) *Shakespeare and his Theatre*, Longman, ISBN 0-582-20539-5
* (1985) *The Medieval Archer*, The Boydell Press, ISBN 0-85115-194-9
* (1988) *Introduction to The Buckinghamshire Domesday*, Alecto Historical Editions, ISBN 0-948459-86-7
* (1992) *The Medieval Siege*, The Boydell Press, ISBN 1-85285-528-2
* (1996) *Stephen and Matilda: Civil War of 1139-53*, Sutton Publishing, ISBN 0-7509-0612-X
* (1997) *Philip Augustus: King of France, 1180-1223*, Longman, ISBN 0-582-06058-3
* (1998) *The Battle of Hastings*, Sutton Publishing, ISBN 0-7509-1291-X
* (2004) *The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare*, London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-22126-9
* (2007) *The Capetians: Kings of France 987-1314*, Hambledon Continuum, ISBN 1-85285-528-2
* (2010) *Robin Hood*, Amberley Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84868-185-9
* (2021) *The Battle of Hastings: The Fall of the Anglo-Saxons and the Rise of the Normans*, New York: Pegasus Books, ISBN 978-1-64313-632-5

### Collaborations

With Matthew Bennett, Kelly DeVries, Ian Dickie, Phyllis Jestice:

* (2005) *Fighting Techniques of the Medieval World*, UK:Amber Books, ISBN 1-86227-299-9

## InfoBox

| Jim Bradbury | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | James Bradbury
(1937-02-27)27 February 1937
Hackney, London, England |
| Died | 19 January 2023(2023-01-00) (aged 85) |
| Occupation | Historian |
| Nationality | British |
| Subject | Medieval warfare |


title: Natalie Anter

abstract: Natalie Anter is an Italian softball player who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics. She played for the North Carolina Tar Heels.

text:
# Natalie Anter

**Natalie Anter** (born 6 April 1980) is an Italian softball player who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics.

She played for the North Carolina Tar Heels.

## InfoBox

Natalie Anter
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Born | (1980-04-06) April 6, 1980<br>Upland, California |
| Sport | |
| Country | Italy |
| Sport | Softball |
| Event | Women's team |


title: Holy Manna

abstract: Holy Manna is the hymn tune originally written for "Brethren, We Have Met Together", which is one of the oldest published American folk hymns. Holy Manna is a pentatonic melody in Ionian mode. It was originally published by William Moore in Columbian Harmony, a four-note shape-note tunebook, in 1829, and is attributed to him. Like most shape-note songs from that century, it is usually written in three parts. The meter is 87.87D.

text:
# Holy Manna

**Holy Manna** is the hymn tune originally written for "Brethren, We Have Met Together", which is one of the oldest published American folk hymns. Holy Manna is a pentatonic melody in Ionian mode. It was originally published by William Moore in *Columbian Harmony*, a four-note shape-note tunebook, in 1829, and is attributed to him.

Like most shape-note songs from that century, it is usually written in three parts. The meter is 87.87D.

## Popularity

In addition to being used in a significant number of early American hymnals, including *Southern Harmony* (#103) and *Baptist Harmony* (#1), Holy Manna appears in a large number of modern hymnals.

It is also used as a common tune for other songs, especially "God, Who Stretched the Spangled Heavens", "All Who Hunger, Gather Gladly", and "I will Arise and Go to Jesus".


title: Turridrupa

abstract: Turridrupa is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Turridae, the turrids.

text:
# Turridrupa

***Turridrupa*** is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Turridae, the turrids.

## Description

(Original description) The solid shell has a cylindro-fusiform. Its colour is usually monochrome, sometimes brown orange or yellow. The protoconch consists of two smooth turbinate whorls, followed by a whorl ornamented with close arcuate riblets. The adult sculpture consists of numerous revolving keels, one or more of which may break up into bead rows. The fasciole (= spiral band on the edgse of a canal formed by successive growth lines) is indefinite. The siphonal notch has a short subcircular incision with a raised margin. The aperture shows revolving ridges on the palate.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Indo-Pacific and off Australia.

## Species

Species within the genus *Turridrupa* include:

Species brought into synonymy  * Powell, A.W.B. 1966. The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae, an evaluation of the valid taxa, both Recent and fossil, with list of characteristic species. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. Auckland, New Zealand 5: 1–184, pls 1–23
* Kilburn R.N. (1988). Turridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 4. Subfamilies Drillinae, Crassispirinae and Strictispirinae. Annals of the Natal Museum. 29(1): 167–320.
* Wilson, B. 1994. Australian marine shells. Prosobranch gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.

## InfoBox

| *Turridrupa* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| shell of *Turridrupa albofasciata* (specimen at MNHN, Paris) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Turridae |
| Genus: | *Turridrupa*
Hedley, 1922 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Pleurotoma acutigemmata* Smith E. A., 1877
 | |


title: IDE64

abstract: The IDE64 interface cartridge is an expansion port device for connecting ATA(PI) devices to the C64 or C128 computers.

text:
# IDE64

The **IDE64** interface cartridge is an expansion port device for connecting ATA(PI) devices to the C64 or C128 computers.

## Hardware

There were several different versions of this cartridge over the years. The interface was designed by Tomas Pribyl and Jan Vorlicek in 1994. As of 2023 Josef Soucek was the maintainer of the design (involved in the project at least since 2006).

* **IDE64 v1.1** – In 1997 the first public version of the cartridge appeared. The logic was fitted into 2 ispLSIs, the operating system was burned into a 32 kB EPROM, and there was 16 kB of RAM storage for buffers. There was a DS1302 real-time clock included which could keep the settings and hold the time backed by a battery. Beside the parallel ATA connector also an expansion port pass through was included to allow attaching of other cartridges.
* **IDE64 v2.1** – Around 1999 the first "modern" version of the cartridge came out, merging the logic into one big ispLSI PLD. Also the EPROM was upgraded to a 64 kB EEPROM to allow operating system upgrades without special equipment. The RAM was extended to hold 28 kB of buffers and internal variables. There was a new connector on board, called ShortBus. It was meant for hardware expansions like LCD displays, 7-segment display, but later also more sophisticated expansions appeared. This was also the first version to include SuperCPU compatibility.
* **IDE64 v3.1** –In 2001 a redesigned version of the 2.1 cartridge was made, this version drops the expansion port pass-through.
* **IDE64 v3.4**CompactFlash cards became popular, so the cartridge was redesigned in 2004 to include a CF socket. This allowed a mobile and small storage possibility for the C64, without additional devices and power supplies.
* **IDE64 v3.4+** – In 2005, with a small hardware change, the EEPROM was upgraded to 128 kB, which allowed to hold two versions of the operating system for both a standard C64 and SuperCPU. This was selectable with a small switch, and solved the reflashing problem for those with SuperCPU equipped systems.
* **IDE64 v4.1** – The pre-release happened in 2008 August, but it was not available until 2009 March. The hardware was redesigned to use surface-mounted parts and a more up-to-date ispMACH CPLD, which resulted in a much shorter board. A USB serial FIFO chip was added for fast PCLink connections, and an Amiga clock-port for connecting additional devices. The card slot on this version is separated from the parallel ATA port, and offers wider compatibility with CF cards. The I/O interface was changed to support 128 kB operating system and was tweaked for slightly faster data transfer speeds.

## ShortBus expansions

* **ETH64** – A LAN91C96 chip based Ethernet card. It is supported by Contiki, Wings and maybe some other software. It can also be used for PCLink connection.
* **DUART** – This is a XR68C681 based dual RS-232 card featuring, mostly used for PCLink connection. It is supported by Contiki, Wings, Novaterm 9.6 and maybe some other software.
* **DigiMAX** – It is a MAX506 based 4 channel 8-bit digital-to-analog converter card, can be used as "sound card", as the output comes out on two jack plugs. This card is supported by Modplay, Wings and maybe some other programs.
* **ETFE** – This is a CS8900 based Ethernet card, just like the popular RR-Net, but the v1.1 version works only in TFE compatible mode. It can be used for PCLink, has a Contiki driver, and work with software designed for the original TFE card. For the next version (v1.2) a jumper is promised to simulate a RR-Net card.


title: Lance Morrow

abstract: Lance Morrow is an American essayist and writer, chiefly for Time magazine, as well as the author of several books. He won the 1981 National Magazine Award for Essay and Criticism and was a finalist for the same award in 1991. He has the distinction of writing more "Man of the Year" articles than any other writer in the magazine's history and has appeared on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson and The O'Reilly Factor. He is a former professor of journalism and University Professor at Boston University.

text:
# Lance Morrow

**Lance Morrow** (born September 21, 1939, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American essayist and writer, chiefly for *Time* magazine, as well as the author of several books. He won the 1981 National Magazine Award for Essay and Criticism and was a finalist for the same award in 1991. He has the distinction of writing more "Man of the Year" articles than any other writer in the magazine's history and has appeared on *The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson* and *The O'Reilly Factor*. He is a former professor of journalism and University Professor at Boston University.

## Background

Lance Morrow was born on September 21, 1939, and was raised in Washington D.C., where he attended Gonzaga College High School. His father, Hugh Morrow, was for many years a chief aide to New York Governor and later Vice President Nelson Rockefeller. Morrow graduated magna cum laude from Harvard University in 1963 with a BA in English literature.

## Career

Morrow joined *Time* in 1965 after a brief stint with the now-defunct *Washington Star*. As a reporter, he covered the 1967 Detroit race riots, the Vietnam War, the Nixon administration and the Watergate scandal. He also has penned several of *Time'*s "Man of the Year" articles.

In 1976, Morrow became a regular writer of *Time'*s backpage essay. He won the National Magazine Award for his *Time* essays in 1981, was a finalist for the award in 1991 (for a cover essay on the subject of evil), and was among the *Time* writers who won the award in 2001, for their coverage of the September 11 attacks (in a special issue that closed on the afternoon of that day). In Morrow's award-winning essay, "The Case for Rage and Retribution", he wrote:

> A day cannot live in infamy without the nourishment of rage. Let's have rage... Let America explore the rich reciprocal possibilities of the fatwa. A policy of focused brutality does not come easily to a self-conscious, self-indulgent, contradictory, diverse, humane nation with a short attention span. America needs to relearn a lost discipline, self-confident relentlessness and to relearn why human nature has equipped us all with a weapon (abhorred in decent peacetime societies) called hatred... This is the moment of clarity. Let the civilized toughen up, and let the uncivilized take their chances in the game they started."

Morrow was a professor at Boston University from 1996 to 2006, when he was asked to write the authorized biography of Henry Luce, the founder of *Time* magazine.

In 2018, he began contributing to *City Journal* magazine.

## Personal life

Morrow lives in Chatham, New York, with his wife Susan Brind Morrow, who is also an author. He has two sons, Justin, a writer and filmmaker, and James, a political consultant and journalist in Sydney, Australia.

Morrow’s cousin is the science fiction writer James K. Morrow.

## Bibliography

* *The Chief: A Memoir of Fathers and Sons* (1985)
* *Fishing in the Tiber: Essays* (1988)
* *America: A Rediscovery* (1989)
* *Heart: A Memoir* (1995)
* *Evil: An Investigation* (2003)
* *The Best Year of Their Lives: Kennedy, Nixon, and Johnson in 1948: Learning the Secrets of Power* (2005)
* *Second Drafts of History: Essays* (2006)
* *God and Mammon: Chronicles of American Money* (2020)
* *The Noise of Typewriters: Remembering Journalism* (2023)


title: Tylösand

abstract: Tylösand is an area and former locality situated in Halmstad Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 399 inhabitants in 2010. It is located 7 km west of Halmstad, on Tyludden. Tylösand is famous for its 7 km long sand beach, its golf courses and “Hotell Tylösand”, a hotel owned by Roxette star Per Gessle and Björn Nordstrand. In 2015 the locality was removed and is counted as part of Frösakull by Statistics Sweden.

text:
# Tylösand

**Tylösand** is an area and former locality situated in Halmstad Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 399 inhabitants in 2010. It is located 7 km west of Halmstad, on Tyludden. Tylösand is famous for its 7 km long sand beach, its golf courses and “Hotell Tylösand”, a hotel owned by Roxette star Per Gessle and Björn Nordstrand. In 2015 the locality was removed and is counted as part of Frösakull by Statistics Sweden.

## History

The Roman poet Vergilius, in the middle of the first century BC, refers to the North as “Ultima Thule”, i.e. the furthermost North. The Roman author Plinius, who lived during the first century AD, claims that the world's furthermost place at Thule or Tyle is the place described by the Greek Pytheas from Marseille, who travelled from the Mediterranean to the North in 300 BC. In the 1950s, the German researcher W. Koepp links the above mentioned citations to the area of Tylö in Halland, Sweden.

Excavations in the area of Tylösand and Söndrum show traces of a 6000-year-old Stoneage dwelling, where axes and arrows were found. On Tylö, Bronze Age remains were found. The area of Tylösand was given to Halmstad by the Danes in 1563. According to official documents dating back to the 16th century, Tylösand was mainly inhabited by fishermen. It was almost impossible to cultivate any crops in the surrounding area because of the sand's expansion. One explanation given is that when trees were cut down, the ground could no longer hold the sand that spread over the whole area. The area of Tyludden and Tylösand was difficult to approach and one of its bays called ’’Tjuvahålan” (“the thieves’ hole”) was popular among smugglers. In 1870, the customs service installed a customs station in order to combat smuggling and the same year the lighthouse on Tylö was built. In 1905, a holiday resort for school children was built, making Tylösand a place for holidays and recreation. The sea resort of Tylösand became widely known in the beginning of the 20th century. In 1915, the first inn was built, and in 1917 “Tylösands Havsbad” (“Tylösand's sea baths”) was established by the inn's owner and the royal photographer Johan Hallberg. In 1927, the hotel that is nowadays called “Hotel Tylösand” was built by Tylösands Havsbad and was inaugurated in 1931. The old inn was demolished in 1985.

In the 1920s, camping above Tjuvahålan became popular and the tourists lived in tents. In the 1930s, small cottages were built.

The construction of the golf course began 1935 and was completed 1938.

### St Olof's chapel

The small wooden chapel of St. Olof is situated on top of a stony hill among birches and pine-trees. Originally, the chapel was discovered by the antiquarian Erik Salvén in 1931, when he held a seminar on Greek art in Lidhult, a small community at the borders of the landscapes Halland and Småland. There he heard of a wooden church, with decorations and wooden details, built in 1721 and demolished in the late 19th century. The small church had been sold to a farmer in the village of Prosteköp and had been rebuilt into a residential house. As the farmer had been thinking of pulling down the old chapel because of its lack of amenities for the elderly couple that lived there, Salvén decided to move the church to Tylösand with the help of his good friend and priest Knut Peters. In 1950, the small chapel of St. Olof was erected.

### Prince Bertil's path

Between 1954 and 1997 and during the summer months, Prince Bertil of Sweden used to reside in his villa in Tylösand, located at the end of the street Älgvägen. The 13 km long path derives its name from Prince Bertil. The paths starts at the palace of Halmstad and ends at the sand beach of Tylösand and is suitable for young and old and even for the handicapped. A part of the path passes through the Rhododendron park that was planted in 1933.

* "Tylösand". *Destination Halmstad* (in Swedish). 2024-08-13. Archived from the original on 2024-06-12. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
* "Tylösand". *Halmstad* (in Swedish). 2024-06-10. Archived from the original on 2024-08-22. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
* "Tylösand". *Visit Halland*. 2024-03-02. Archived from the original on 2024-08-22. Retrieved 2024-08-22.

## Further reading

* Magnusson, Erik (2024). ***Här samla vi kraft och lefvnadsmod!** Badliv, turistliv och sommargäster i Tylösand och Frösakull genom tiderna* \[***Here we gather strength and courage to live!** Bathing, tourism and summer visitors in Tylösand and Frösakull through the ages.*\] (in Swedish). Stilbildarna i Mölle. ISBN 9789198652192.
* Gustafsson, Stefan (2017). *Prins Bertils stig - En vandring från Halmstads slott till Tylösand och Möllegård* \[*Prince Bertil's Trail - A walk from Halmstad Castle to Tylösand and Möllegård*\] (in Swedish). Utblick Media. ISBN 9789186709754.
* Larsson, Stellan (2004). *Tylösand i våra hjärtan: från ödslig utmark till blomstrande miljö* \[*Tylösand in our hearts: from desolate outback to thriving environment*\] (in Swedish). Utsikten förlag. ISBN 9789188806475.

Media related to Tylösand at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Tylösand | |
| --- | --- |
| Tylösand in July 2004 | |
| TylösandTylösand | |
| Coordinates: 56°39′N 12°44′E / 56.650°N 12.733°E / 56.650; 12.733 | |
| Country | Sweden |
| Province | Halland |
| County | Halland County |
| Municipality | Halmstad Municipality |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.51 km2 (0.20 sq mi) |
| Population (31 December 2010) | |
| Total | 399 |
| Density | 781/km2 (2,020/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Hughie Lee-Smith

abstract: Hughie Lee-Smith was an American artist and teacher whose surreal paintings often featured distant figures under vast skies, and desolate urban settings.

text:
# Hughie Lee-Smith

**Hughie Lee-Smith** (September 20, 1915 – February 23, 1999) was an American artist and teacher whose surreal paintings often featured distant figures under vast skies, and desolate urban settings.

## Life and career

Lee-Smith was born in Eustis, Florida to Luther and Alice Williams Smith; in art school he altered his last name to sound more distinguished. Shortly after his birth, Lee's parents divorced and his mother moved to Cleveland to pursue a music career. As a child Lee-Smith moved to Atlanta to live with his grandmother. She was strict with Lee-Smith, and when carnivals came to town she would not allow him to attend, an event which he describes as an experience which "must have sunk into my unconscious and manifested itself years later in my paintings: the balloons, ribbons, pennants." At age 10 he moved to Cleveland with his mother and grandmother (once his mother established her music career), and attended classes at the Cleveland Museum of Art, and later the Cleveland Institute of Art and the John Huntington Polytechnic Institute, the Art School of the Detroit Society of Arts & Crafts (Center For Creative Studies, College of Art & Design)and Wayne State University (BA 1953.)

Lee-Smith attended East Technical High School (where he was president of the art club and ran track with Jesse Owens) during the tenure of Harold Hunsicker as head of its art department. As a youth, he was active at Karamu as a dancer, performer, studio enrollee, and teacher trainee.

In 1938, Lee-Smith graduated with honors from the Cleveland School of Art and worked for the Federal Arts Project of the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Like many WPA artists, Lee-Smith was concerned about the contribution art could make to the struggle for social justice and racial equality, and he created a series of lithographs on this theme. Lee-Smith's “The Artist’s Life No.1,” a 1939 lithograph, is one of his early masterpieces. It is currently featured in an exhibition called “Hardship to Hope: African American Art from the Karamu Workshop” at the Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage, 2929 Richmond Road, Beachwood, Ohio.

Lee-Smith's first job as an art teacher was at Claflin College in Orangeburg, S.C., in 1940. Newly married to Mabel Louise Everett, they returned to Orangeburg. The pay was so poor for a man with a new bride that Lee-Smith gave up and moved to Detroit. He got a job as a core maker in one of Henry Ford's factories. He worked there for about three years before joining the Navy for a 19-month stint. Stationed at the Great Lakes Naval Training Center north of Chicago, Lee-Smith was one of three African-American artists commissioned to do “morale-building paintings” of Blacks in the Navy. While in the Navy he painted a mural entitled *History of the Negro in the U.S. Navy.* He also did portraits of the first Black naval officers.

Hughie Lee-Smith and Mabel Louise Everett divorced in 1953. Although his divorce was amiable, it had a “deathlike” impact on Lee-Smith.

After his long journey and hard work he received a Bachelor of Science, in Art Education (Graduated 1953) from Wayne State University in Detroit.

Many years after winning a top prize for painting from the Detroit Institute of Arts in 1953, he recalled

> I was no longer called black artist, Negro artist, colored boy. When I won that prize, all of a sudden, there was no longer a racial designation.

In 1958 Lee-Smith moved to New York City, and taught at the Art Students League for 15 years. Later he moved to Cranbury, New Jersey.

His paintings evidenced the influence of Cubism, Social realism, and Surrealism at the service of a personal expression that was poignant and enigmatic. Of his characteristic work, Holland Cotter wrote in *The New York Times*,

> Mr. Lee-Smith's paintings usually have spare settings suggestive of theater stages or bleak urban or seaside landscapes. Walls stretch out under gray skies. Men and women, as lithe as dancers, seem frozen in place. Most are dressed in street clothes; some wear exotic masks. Children frequently appear, as do props reminiscent of circuses. The work has an air of mystery associated with the paintings of Giorgio de Chirico and Edward Hopper.

In 1967 Lee-Smith became an associate member of the National Academy of Design, then the second African-American to be elected to the Academy, after Henry Ossawa Tanner, and was made a full member four years later. In 1994 he was commissioned to paint the official portrait of David Dinkins, former Mayor of New York City, for the New York City Hall. Retrospectives of Lee-Smith's work were mounted by the New Jersey State Museum and the Studio Museum in Harlem in 1988, and Ogunquit Museum of American Art in 1997. Lee-Smith's works are included in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Detroit Institute of Art, Howard University, the San Diego Museum of Art, and Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Manhattan.

Lee-Smith met Patricia Thomas-Ferry, a student at the Art Students League, in the spring of 1978. Late that year they rented an apartment near the League, and they married a few days before Christmas. This third marriage would be happy and lasting, and the couple would make their home in New Jersey in 1981.

In 1999 Lee-Smith died of cancer in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was 83.

**Work**

In 1945, Lee-Smith had his first one-man exhibitions at the South Side Community Art Center and at Snowden Galleries in Chicago.

**Paintings**

* *Man Running* 1965, oil on canvas
* *End of Act One* 1984, Oil on canvas
* *Double Exposure* 1995, oil on canvas
* *Stranger* 1957–1958, oil on canvas
* *Untitled (Urban Scene)* 1955, oil on Masonite
* *Bouquet* 1949, oil on canvas
* *Artist’s Life No.2* 1939, Lithograph

**Prizes**

* Cleveland Museum
    + Freehand Drawing, 3rd Prize, 1938
    + Linoprint, Honourable Mention, 1938
    + Lithography, 3rd Prize, 1939
    + Lithography, 2nd Prize, 1940
* Atlanta University
    + Oil Painting, Purchase Prize, 1943
* Detroit Institute of Art
    + Oil, Anthony Maiuello Prize, 1951
* EMILY LOWE AWARD, Oil, 1957
* Allied Artists of America
    + Oil, Allied Artists Prize, 1958
* American Society of African Culture
    + Oil, 1st Purchase Prize 1960

## InfoBox

| Hughie Lee-Smith | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1915-09-20)September 20, 1915
Eustis, Florida |
| Died | February 23, 1999(1999-02-23) (aged 83)
Albuquerque |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Cleveland Institute of Art |
| Alma mater | Wayne State University |
| Known for | Painting |


title: Hypomartyria

abstract: Hypomartyria is a genus of small primitive metallic moths in the family Micropterigidae.

text:
# Hypomartyria

***Hypomartyria*** is a genus of small primitive metallic moths in the family Micropterigidae.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Hypomartyria* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Micropterigidae |
| Genus: | *Hypomartyria*<br>Kristensen & Nielsen, 1982 |
|
| Species | |
| see text. | |


title: Myrmarachne bicurvata

abstract: Myrmarachne bicurvata is a species of spider of the family Salticidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.

text:
# Myrmarachne bicurvata

***Myrmarachne bicurvata*** is a species of spider of the family Salticidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.

## InfoBox

| *Myrmarachne bicurvata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | *Myrmarachne* |
| Species: | ***M. bicurvata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Myrmarachne bicurvata***<br>(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Salticus bicurvatus* O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 | |


title: Jim Boylan (American football)

abstract: James Owen Boylan is a former American football wide receiver who played in the National Football League for the Minnesota Vikings. Born in Washington, D.C., he attended Birmingham High School in Lake Balboa, Los Angeles, California, followed by Washington State University. He joined the Vikings during the 1963 season and played three games, during which he recorded a total of six receptions for 78 yards. His only touchdown came in a 41–10 loss to the Baltimore Colts in Week 13.

text:
# Jim Boylan (American football)

**James Owen Boylan** (born March 19, 1939) is a former American football wide receiver who played in the National Football League for the Minnesota Vikings. Born in Washington, D.C., he attended Birmingham High School in Lake Balboa, Los Angeles, California, followed by Washington State University. He joined the Vikings during the 1963 season and played three games, during which he recorded a total of six receptions for 78 yards. His only touchdown came in a 41–10 loss to the Baltimore Colts in Week 13.

## InfoBox

Jim Boylan
| No. 80 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Wide receiver |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1939-03-19) March 19, 1939<br>Washington, D.C. |
| Height: | 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) |
| Weight: | 185 lb (84 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Birmingham (CA) |
| College: | Washington State |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games played: 3  Receptions: 6  Receiving yards: 78  Receiving touchdowns: 1 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: We May Be Skinny & Wirey

abstract: We May Be Skinny & Wirey is the debut studio album by British indie rock band The Crocketts. Recorded with producer David M. Allen, the album was released by Blue Dog Records in conjunction with V2 Records on 14 September 1998. "Loved Ya Once", "Flower Girl" and "Explain" were released as singles in 1998, none of which charted.

text:
# We May Be Skinny & Wirey

***We May Be Skinny & Wirey*** is the debut studio album by British indie rock band The Crocketts. Recorded with producer David M. Allen, the album was released by Blue Dog Records in conjunction with V2 Records on 14 September 1998. "Loved Ya Once", "Flower Girl" and "Explain" were released as singles in 1998, none of which charted.

## Critical reception

Critical reception to *We May Be Skinny & Wirey* was generally positive. A review of the album in music magazine *NME* awarded it a score of seven out of ten, with the writer proclaiming that "The Crocketts avoid earnest old-world spirituality and feckless odes to drink. They prefer to rage hard and curdle folk melodies with Davey \[MacManus, singer\]'s splendidly Americanised primal howl and an intriguing array of influences that ranges from the Pixies to Violent Femmes".

## Track listing

All songs credited to Davey MacManus/The Crocketts, except where noted.

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Flower Girl" |  | 2:51 |
| 2. | "Loved Ya Once" | Dan Harris/The Crocketts | 2:20 |
| 3. | "Explain" |  | 3:31 |
| 4. | "Bluster Boy" | MacManus/Harris/The Crocketts | 3:56 |
| 5. | "Girl Next Door" |  | 2:26 |
| 6. | "Tennessee" |  | 2:20 |
| 7. | "Will You Still Care" |  | 3:40 |
| 8. | "Closet Heroine" |  | 3:21 |
| 9. | "Six Soon to Be Seven" |  | 3:22 |
| 10. | "Bucket & Spade" |  | 4:01 |
| 11. | "Autumn Afternoon" |  | 3:40 |
| 12. | "Strong Guy" |  | 3:47 |
| 13. | "Blue Dog" |  | 1:19 |

## Personnel

* Davey MacManus ("Davey Crockett") – vocals, guitar, production on "Blue Dog"
* Dan Harris ("Dan Boone") – guitar
* Richard Carter ("Rich Wurzel") – bass
* Owen Hopkin ("Owen Cash") – drums
* David M. Allen – production on all tracks except "Blue Dog"
* Graeme Durham – mastering
* John Mossige – photography
* Keith Morris – photography
* Martin Grosvenor – photography
* Insect – art direction, design

## InfoBox

| We May Be Skinny & Wirey | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by The Crocketts | |
| Released | 14 September 1998 (1998-09-14) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 40:34 |
| Label |  |
| Producer |  |
| The Crocketts chronology | |
| *Hello & Good Morning*
(1997) ***We May Be Skinny & Wirey***
(1998) *Nintendo Fallacy*
(1999) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *We May Be Skinny & Wirey* | |
| 1. "Loved Ya Once"
Released: 9 March 1998 2. "Flower Girl"
Released: 11 May 1998 3. "Explain"
Released: 26 October 1998 | |
|  | |


title: Homborsund

abstract: Homborsund is a village in Grimstad municipality in Agder county, Norway.

text:
# Homborsund

**Homborsund** is a village in Grimstad municipality in Agder county, Norway.

## Location

The village is located on the Skagerrak coast in the Eide area of southern Grimstad. The village of Jortveit is located just north of Homborsund. For statistical purposes the population of the two villages is counted together as area 3524 Jortveit, being 662 in 2016.

## Points of interest

The village includes the coastal protected recreational areas of Kalvehageneset and Hoveneset. Hoveneset was sold by Magnus Nymann, a former village priest, to the local authority in order to protect it from development by holidaymakers as the local area is a popular place to own a holiday cabin. This is commemorated by a small cairn near the shore inscribed with Bible verses and poetry by Thomas Kingo.

The Homborsund Lighthouse lies a short distance off shore, on the island of Store Grønningen.

Homborsund is home to a micro brewery, Homborsund Bryggeri, established in 2017.

## Education

In Homborsund there is a school and a kindergarten. *Eide skole* and *Eide Barnehage*. It is not so populated, the school has around 100 students.

## InfoBox

| Homborsund | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| View of the village harbour | |
| HomborsundLocation of the villageHomborsundHomborsund (Norway) | |
| Coordinates: 58°16′06″N 8°30′39″E / 58.2682°N 08.5109°E / 58.2682; 08.5109 | |
| Country | Norway |
| Region | Southern Norway |
| County | Agder |
| District | Østre Agder |
| Municipality | Grimstad |
| Elevation | 14 m (46 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Post Code | 4888 Homborsund |


title: Tuberodiadelia tubericollis

abstract: Tuberodiadelia tubericollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Tuberodiadelia. It was described by Breuning in 1957.

text:
# Tuberodiadelia tubericollis

***Tuberodiadelia tubericollis*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus ***Tuberodiadelia***. It was described by Breuning in 1957.

## InfoBox

| *Tuberodiadelia tubericollis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Tuberodiadelia*** |
| Species: | ***T. tubericollis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tuberodiadelia tubericollis***<br>Breuning, 1957 | |
|


title: Hypocenomyce

abstract: Hypocenomyce is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ophioparmaceae. Species in the genus grow on bark and on wood, especially on burned tree stumps and trunks in coniferous forest. Hypocenomyce lichens are widely distributed in the northern hemisphere.

text:
# Hypocenomyce

***Hypocenomyce*** is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ophioparmaceae. Species in the genus grow on bark and on wood, especially on burned tree stumps and trunks in coniferous forest. *Hypocenomyce* lichens are widely distributed in the northern hemisphere.

## Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed in 1951 by French lichenologist Maurice Choisy to contain the single species *Hypocenomyce scalaris*, a lichen that was first formally described by Erik Acharius in 1795. Choisy's original concept of the genus featured a squamulose thallus, adnate apothecia of the lecideine type (i.e., lacking algae and an amphithecium, with a black carbonized margin as in the genus *Lecidea*) and pycnoconidia that are short, straight, and cylindrical. Norwegian lichenologist Einer Timdal revised the genus in 1984, describing two new species to bring the total *Hypocenomyce*  species up to ten. Since then, two new species have been described, and several have been transferred to other genera.

Norwegian lichenologist Einar Timdal revised the genus in the mid-1980s and identified four evolutionary groups; he suggested that the genus was polyphyletic. A 2013 molecular phylogenetic study clarified the phylogenetic relationships amongst species previously classified in the genus. It was shown that the genus–as then circumscribed–consisted of seven clades belonging to different genera, families, orders and even subclasses. Based on these results, the genus was split into different genera – *Carbonicola*, *Fulgidea*, and *Hypocenomyce*. The *Hypocenomyce xanthococca* species group, which had been previously raised to the level of genus as *Pycnora*, was further split into *Pycnora* and *Toensbergia*.

## Species

Species previously classified in *Hypocenomyce* include:

## InfoBox

| *Hypocenomyce* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Hypocenomyce scalaris* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Umbilicariales |
| Family: | Ophioparmaceae |
| Genus: | *Hypocenomyce*
M.Choisy (1951) |
|
| Type species | |
| *Hypocenomyce scalaris*
(Ach.) M.Choisy (1951) | |
| Species | |
| *H. australis*
*H. castaneocinerea*
*H. scalaris*
*H. stoechadiana*
*H. tinderryensis* | |


title: Tylöskog

abstract: Tylöskog is a forested area in southeast Sweden, intersected by many faults, running from east to west between the agricultural plains of the counties of Närke and Östergötland. Together with Tiveden to its west and Kolmården to its east, it constituted the border between the Swedes in Svealand and the Geats in Götaland. Beginning in the 11th century, iron was smelted there using water power.

text:
# Tylöskog

**Tylöskog** is a forested area in southeast Sweden, intersected by many faults, running from east to west between the agricultural plains of the counties of Närke and Östergötland. Together with Tiveden to its west and Kolmården to its east, it constituted the border between the Swedes in Svealand and the Geats in Götaland. Beginning in the 11th century, iron was smelted there using water power.

58°53′47″N 15°19′04″E / 58.8963°N 15.3177°E / 58.8963; 15.3177


title: Hugo Campos Hermida

abstract: Hugo Campos Hermida was a Uruguayan police officer.

text:
# Hugo Campos Hermida

**Hugo Campos Hermida** (September 27, 1928 – November 24, 2001) was a Uruguayan police officer.

## Background

Hermida also received training in the United States, including from the Drug Enforcement Administration.

## Significant roles

He has been accused with other Uruguayans in participating in the Argentine detention center *Automotores Orletti*, a clandestine holding area during the "Dirty War" in Argentina which was also used in the frame of Operation Condor. According to a document published by *La República* newspaper, Campos Hermida was responsible for Senator Zelmar Michelini and deputy Héctor Gutiérrez's deaths in 1976 in Buenos Aires. The Argentine poet Juan Gelman also denounced him in his complaint before the Spanish justice for the "disappearance" of his niece in Uruguay.

Repeated extradition requests from the Argentine government remained futile. The Uruguayan government provided amnesty in 1986 to military and police personnel who violated human rights during the previous military regimes.

Campos also participated to the capture of the founder of the Tupamaros, Raúl Sendic, on August 31, 1972, as well as on the events of 14 April 1972 during which current senator Eleuterio Fernández Huidobro was detained while the Martinera couple was killed in the Amazonas street in Montevideo.


title: Hyboptera

abstract: Hyboptera is a genus of ground beetles in the family Carabidae.

text:
# Hyboptera

***Hyboptera*** is a genus of ground beetles in the family Carabidae.

## Species

*Hyboptera* contains the following fourteen species:

1. "Hyboptera Chaudoir, 1873". *Catalogue of Life*. Retrieved 2023-04-08.

## InfoBox

| *Hyboptera* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Hyboptera biolat* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Subtribe: | Lebiina |
| Genus: | *Hyboptera*<br>Chaudoir, 1872 |
|


title: Guayo

abstract: The guayo or ralladera is a metal scraper used as a percussion instrument in traditional styles of Cuban music such as changüí, predecessor of son cubano. Largely replaced by the güiro during the 20th century, the guayo is now rare. In the Dominican Republic, the güira, a similar metal scraper used in merengue, is sometimes called guayo. In contrast to Cuba, güiras replaced güiros in the early 20th century.

text:
# Guayo

The **guayo** or **ralladera** is a metal scraper used as a percussion instrument in traditional styles of Cuban music such as changüí, predecessor of son cubano. Largely replaced by the güiro (gourd scraper) during the 20th century, the guayo is now rare. In the Dominican Republic, the güira, a similar metal scraper used in merengue, is sometimes called guayo. In contrast to Cuba, güiras replaced güiros in the early 20th century.

## In changüí

The guayo survives in Cuba almost exclusively as part of changüí performances in the eastern regions of the country (formerly known as the Oriente Province). It is one of the five instruments played in the genre together with the maracas, botija or marímbula, bongo, and tres. Guayos consist of a cylindrical metal sheet with a cheese grater surface which is scraped with a metal rod or bone.

Notable guayo players include Santiago Reyes "Chago Guayo", Carlos Borromeo Planche "Cambrón" and José Andrés Rodríguez Ramírez, all of which were also singers and members of Grupo Changüí de Guantánamo.

* Güiro \- gourd scraper from Cuba
* Güira \- metal scraper from the Dominican Republic
* Quijada \- scraped jawbone from Cuba
* Maracas \- gourd shaker from Cuba

## Further reading

## InfoBox

Guayo
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Percussion instrument | |
| Other names | Ralladera |
| Classification | Metal idiophone |
| Hornbostel–Sachs classification | 112.23<br>(Scraped idiophone, vessel) |
| Playing range | |
| Speed of scrape produces some variation | |
| Related instruments | |
| Güiro, güira, guacharaca, reco-reco, quijada, washboard | |


title: Jimmy Soye

abstract: James Soye was a Scottish professional footballer who played as an inside-forward for various clubs in Scotland, Ireland and England in the period prior to World War I.

text:
# Jimmy Soye

**James Soye** (14 April 1885 – 7 October 1974) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as an inside-forward for various clubs in Scotland, Ireland and England in the period prior to World War I.

## Football career

Soye was born in the Govan area of Glasgow and trained as an electrical engineer. After playing Junior Football for Rutherglen Glencairn, Soye moved to Belfast where he had a trial with Belfast Celtic before joining Distillery at the end of the 1903–04 season.

In his one season at Distillery, his 14 goals helped the Whites win three trophies, the Irish Cup, the City Cup and the County Antrim Shield when he scored in the Final.

In the summer of 1905, he moved to southern England to join Southampton of the Southern League. The "Saints" were anxious to regain the Southern League title which they had taken six times in the eight years up to 1904, but had finished in a disappointing third place at the end of the 1904–05 season. He made his debut away to Norwich City on 9 September 1905 when he played at inside-right in a 1–1 draw. Although Soye was only 5 ft 8 in tall, he was "*muscular and clever enough to avoid the more robust challenges*". He soon became an established member of the side, helping the forwards Fred Harrison and Harry Brown to score, as well as contributing the occasional goal himself, including both goals in a 2–1 victory against Queens Park Rangers on 4 November. As the season progressed, his form trailed off and by the end of January, he had lost his place to Frank Jefferis. At the end of the season, Southampton finished as runners-up, five points behind champions Fulham.

In May 1906, he moved to Newcastle United of the Football League First Division, together with his Southampton teammate, Harry Brown. At St James' Park, Soye was unable to break into the first-team on a regular basis, with Scotland international James Howie well settled in the inside-right berth. Although Newcastle won the Football League championship in the 1905–06 season, Soye made only one appearance followed by six appearances, with two goals, in the following season. He spent the entire 1907–08 season in the reserves and, after only seven first-team appearances in three years, he returned to Scotland.

In May 1909, he was part of the deal which brought Wilf Low to St James' Park for a fee of £800 from Aberdeen. At Pittodrie, Soye made his debut scoring in a 3–0 defeat of Port Glasgow Athletic and soon became an established member of the team, settling into the right-wing position. Over the next six seasons, Soye made over 200 league and cup appearances for the "Dons" and was also "capped" by the Scottish Football League against the Southern League on 2 October 1911. The outbreak of the First World War brought his career to a close.

After his football career, Soye remained in Lurgan, Northern Ireland (where his career ended with Glenavon) and worked as a farmer.

## Career statistics

### Club

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
| Club | Season | League | | | National Cup | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Southampton | 1905–06 | Southern Football League | 18 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 5 |
| | Total | | 18 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 5 |
| Newcastle United | 1906–07 | First Division | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| | 1907–08 | | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 |
| | 1908–09 | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | Total | | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 2 |
| Aberdeen | 1909–10 | Scottish Division One | 23 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 25 | 7 |
| | 1910–11 | | 33 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 37 | 6 |
| | 1911–12 | | 32 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 37 | 7 |
| | 1912–13 | | 32 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 33 | 2 |
| | 1913–14 | | 35 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 37 | 3 |
| | 1914–15 | | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 1 |
| | Total | | 187 | 21 | 14 | 5 | 201 | 26 |
| Career total | | | 212 | 28 | 14 | 5 | 226 | 33 |

## Honours

**Distillery**

**Southampton**

**Aberdeen**

## InfoBox

Jimmy Soye
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | James Soye | | |
| Date of birth | (1885-04-14)14 April 1885 | | |
| Place of birth | Govan, Scotland | | |
| Date of death | 2 January 1974(1974-01-02) (aged 88) | | |
| Place of death | Lurgan, Armagh, Northern Ireland | | |
| Height | 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) | | |
| Position(s) | Inside-forward | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
|  | Rutherglen Glencairn |  |  |
| 1904–1905 | Distillery |  |  |
| 1905–1906 | Southampton | 18 | (5) |
| 1906–1909 | Newcastle United | 7 | (2) |
| 1909–1915 | Aberdeen | 187 | (21) |
| 1915–1917 | Distillery |  |  |
| 1917–1919+ | Glenavon |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1911 | Scottish Football League XI | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: We Married Margo

abstract: We Married Margo is a 2000 American independent comedy film directed by J. David Shapiro and co-written by Shapiro and William Dozier. The film tells a story of two friends who were married to the same woman and is loosely based on real events in that Shapiro and Dozier actually met after dating the same woman named Margaux. The film was awarded the Audience Award for Comedy Film of the Year at the 2000 Comedy Festival and was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the Slamdance Film Festival the same year.

text:
# We Married Margo

***We Married Margo*** is a 2000 American independent comedy film directed by J. David Shapiro and co-written by Shapiro and William Dozier. The film tells a story of two friends who were married to the same woman and is loosely based on real events in that Shapiro and Dozier actually met after dating the same woman named Margaux. The film was awarded the Audience Award for Comedy Film of the Year at the 2000 Comedy Festival (formerly known as the US Comedy Arts Festival) and was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the Slamdance Film Festival the same year.

## Plot

Margo is a woman from New Jersey who marries a fellow New Jersey native, Jake. After it becomes evident that their marriage will not last, the two are divorced and Margo is remarried, this time to Rock, a California surfer. However, this marriage does not last long either and they are quickly divorced.

Jake and Rock were previously introduced to each other by Margo and, after they are both divorced from her, they form a friendship and live as roommates. The two have very little in common except for the fact that they married and divorced the same woman. They become best friends, even though they constantly irritate each other, and they decide to write a film based on their experience of being married to Margo. During their work on the project, they meet many more people just like them whose lives were impacted by Margo.

## Cast

* William Dozier as Rock
* J.D. Shapiro as Jake
* Jillian Johns as Tracy
* Sal Catalano as Jay
* Kylie Bax as Margo

## Cameos

The film featured cameo appearances by several actors, professional athletes and celebrities appearing as themselves. In the film, all of them have stories to tell about how Margo had an influence on their lives, though some of them never met her in person. The most notable of these cameos is Kevin Bacon’s explanation of *Six degrees of Margo*, a clear reference to the popular trivia game Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon.

The following is a partial list of cameo appearances in the film:

## InfoBox

| We Married Margo | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | J. David Shapiro |
| Written by | J. David Shapiro
William Dozier |
| Produced by | Karen Shapiro
Nancy Shapiro
Pamela Shapiro Schloss
Stephen Zakman |
| Starring | J. David Shapiro
William Dozier
Kylie Bax
Jillian Johns
Sal Catalano
 |
| Cinematography | Jeff Baustert |
| Music by | Richard Bennett
Shawn Clement
Dan Schloss
Glenn Schloss |
| Distributed by | New Line Cinema (USA)
Koan (international) |
| Release date |  |
| Running time | 85 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: No Time to Burn

abstract: No Time To Burn is the second album by funk group Black Heat.

text:
# No Time to Burn

***No Time To Burn*** is the second album by funk group Black Heat.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

Released in 1974. Produced by Joel Dorn and Jimmy Douglass.

## Track listing

1. No Time To Burn 3:43
2. You Should've Listened 5:34
3. Check It All Out 6:58
4. Love The Life You Live 6:33
5. Super Cool 3:58
6. M & M's 6:53
7. Things Change 5:02
8. Rapid Fire 1:33
9. Times Have Changed 5:39

## Personnel

* Johnell Gray - Keyboards, Vocals
* Naamon Jones - Bass, Vocals
* Bradley Owens - Guitar, Vocals
* Esco Cromer - Drums, Percussion, Vocals
* Rodney Edwards - Trumpet, Timbales
* Ray Thompson - Saxophone, Flute, Woodwind
* Raymond Green - Congas, Percussion, Vocals

## Charts

| Chart (1974) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| *Billboard* Pop Albums | 201 |
| *Billboard* Top Soul Albums | 58 |
|

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart positions | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
R&B |
| 1974 | "No Time To Burn" | 46 |
|

## InfoBox

| No Time To Burn | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Black Heat | |
| Released | 1974 |
| Recorded | 1974 at Atlantic Recording Studios & Regent Sound Studios, New York City, New York |
| Genre | Soul
Funk |
| Length | 46:01 |
| Label | Atlantic Records |
| Producer | Joel Dorn
Jimmy Douglass |
| Black Heat chronology | |
| *Black Heat*
(1972) ***No Time To Burn***
(1974) *Keep on Runnin*
(1975) | |


title: Turbonilla auricoma

abstract: Turbonilla auricoma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

text:
# Turbonilla auricoma

***Turbonilla auricoma*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## InfoBox

| *Turbonilla auricoma* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Family: | Pyramidellidae |
| Genus: | *Turbonilla* |
| Species: | ***T. auricoma*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Turbonilla auricoma***<br>Dall & Bartsch, 1903 | |
|


title: Lance Morton

abstract: Lance Morton is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn and South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and North Adelaide Football Club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).

text:
# Lance Morton

**Lance Morton** (born 14 April 1948) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn and South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and North Adelaide Football Club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).

## InfoBox

| Lance Morton | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Lance Morton | | |
| Date of birth | (1948-04-14) 14 April 1948 | | |
| Original team(s) | Canterbury Methodists | | |
| Height | 192 cm (6 ft 4 in) | | |
| Weight | 96 kg (212 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1968–70 | Hawthorn | 36 (26) |
| 1972 | South Melbourne | 12 (23) |
| 1973-74 | North Adelaide | 13 (15) |
| Total |  | **61 (64)** |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1972. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Hypocenomyce tinderryensis

abstract: Hypocenomyce tinderryensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Ophioparmaceae. It was described as a new species in 2007 by Australian lichenologist John Alan Elix. The type was collected in Tinderry Range in New South Wales, for which it is named. There it was found growing on a dead Eucalyptus trunk at an elevation of 1,200 m (3,900 ft). It somewhat resembles the type species of Hypocenomyce, H. scalaris, but it can be distinguished from that lichen by its smaller apothecia, longer ascospores, and differences in the morphology of the squamules (scales) that comprise the thallus.

text:
# Hypocenomyce tinderryensis

***Hypocenomyce tinderryensis*** is a species of crustose lichen in the family Ophioparmaceae. It was described as a new species in 2007 by Australian lichenologist John Alan Elix. The type was collected in Tinderry Range in New South Wales, for which it is named. There it was found growing on a dead *Eucalyptus* trunk at an elevation of 1,200 m (3,900 ft). It somewhat resembles the type species of *Hypocenomyce*, *H. scalaris*, but it can be distinguished from that lichen by its smaller apothecia, longer ascospores, and differences in the morphology of the squamules (scales) that comprise the thallus.

## InfoBox

| *Hypocenomyce tinderryensis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Umbilicariales |
| Family: | Ophioparmaceae |
| Genus: | *Hypocenomyce* |
| Species: | ***H. tinderryensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Hypocenomyce tinderryensis***<br>Elix (2007) | |
|


title: Twenty Thousand Hertz

abstract: Twenty Thousand Hertz is a podcast about "the world’s most recognizable and interesting sounds". Episodes are published every other Wednesday.

text:
# Twenty Thousand Hertz

***Twenty Thousand Hertz*** is a podcast about "the world’s most recognizable and interesting sounds". Episodes are published every other Wednesday.

## Overview

The show's title refers to highest frequency that can be perceived within the human hearing range (without hearing loss). It grew out of host Dallas Taylor's admiration for the podcast *99% Invisible* and a desire to hear more stories like the ones they produced about audio design. The show is hosted and produced by Dallas Taylor and the writer of the episode, with help from Sam Schneble.

Though the audio production company Defacto Sound, which is owned by Taylor, is the production headquarters for *Twenty Thousand Hertz*, he has said that the podcast is not intended as content marketing. Instead of focusing on the industry of sound design exclusively, episodes focus on a variety of topics related to sound. The podcast has covered topics such as the THX Deep Note, misophonia, the Voyager Golden Record, the Shure SM7 microphone, ASMR, and advertising jingles.

"Theater of the Mind", a crossover episode with the podcast *Imaginary Worlds*, was produced in 2018. The episode explored the history of radio dramas. Episodes of *Twenty Thousand Hertz* have also been featured on the Radiotopia productions *99% Invisible* and *The Allusionist*.

In May 2020, host Dallas Taylor delivered a TED Talk, "What silence can teach you about sound." The talk discussed John Cage's composition *4'33"*, a topic which had previously been explored in an episode of Twenty Thousand Hertz. In August 2020, the podcast joined the TED podcast network, but left due to unexplained reasons. In October 2020, host Dallas Taylor was featured in "Sound and Silence," an episode of the *TED Radio Hour*, drawn from his TED Talk.

Following a *Twenty Thousand Hertz* episode about audio deepfakes, host Dallas Taylor was featured in a September 2020 segment of NPR's *Here & Now*, discussing the topic. Taylor was featured in a November 2020 episode of the *Popular Science* podcast *The Weirdest Thing I Learned This Week,* discussing the use of animals noises in sound design.

## Reception

The podcast was featured in *Esquire* magazine's list of "The 63 Best Podcasts You Can Listen To In 2020," as well as *Discover Pods* "The 71 Best Podcasts of 2020."

In 2017, OZY listed *Twenty Thousand Hertz* as one of "4 Podcasts that'll Make You Wish Your Commute Were Longer."

Doug Fabrizio of KUER-FM says the show "challenges listeners to refine their sense of hearing." In a review for *34th Street Magazine*, reviewer Caylen David writes, "*Twenty Thousand Hertz* presents the stories of iconic sound designs in a creative way that keeps listeners wanting more. Give it a listen—you might find that the journey to create pop culture's greatest sounds is more interesting than the finished product."

The show's "I'm Lovin' It" episode was chosen as one of Spotify's "Best Podcast Episodes of 2021."

### Awards

| Award | Year | Category | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Webby Awards | 2019 | People's Voice Award for Best Original Music / Sound Design | Won |  |
| | 2020 | Webby Award for Science & Education | Won |  |
| | People's Voice Award for Science & Education | Won |  |
| Academy of Podcasters | 2017 | Arts | Won |  |
| Adweek's Podcast of the Year Awards | 2021 | Best Innovation Podcast | Won |  |
| Ambies | 2022 | Best Production and Sound Design | Won |  |

1. "What's that sound?". *The Daily Star*. 2020-01-16. Archived from the original on 2020-02-13. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
2. "Twenty Thousand Hertz mixes sound design and storytelling for a fantastic podcast". *Discover Pods*. 2017-08-16. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
3. "The Voyager Golden Record deconstructed on the Twenty Thousand Hertz podcast". *Boing Boing*. 2019-04-22. Archived from the original on 2019-06-17. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
4. "Theater for the Mind". *Imaginary Worlds*. Archived from the original on 2019-04-15. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
5. "NBC Chimes: Behind the Scenes with the First Trademarked Sound". *99% Invisible*. 29 November 2016. Archived from the original on 2019-10-19. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
6. "Classic Cartoon Sound Effects!". *99% Invisible*. 12 March 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-05-08. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
7. "Allusionist 63: Evolution of Accents". *The Allusionist*. 15 September 2017. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
8. "What silence can teach you about sound". *TED.com*. May 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-11-13. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
9. "4'33". *20k.org*. Defacto Sound. 2020-01-22. Archived from the original on 2020-10-26. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
10. "r/20k – After 4 years, 99 episodes, multiple Webby Awards, and over 18 million downloads... we're joining TED! AMA!". *reddit.com*. 5 August 2020. Archived from the original on 2022-05-03. Retrieved 2020-08-09.
11. "Twenty Thousand Hertz Joins TED Family of Podcasts". *Pressparty.com*. Archived from the original on 2022-05-03.
12. "Sound And Silence". *NPR.org*. 2020-10-16. Archived from the original on 2020-10-22. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
13. "Deepfake Dallas". *20k.org*. 2020-09-02. Archived from the original on 2020-10-27. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
14. "Can We Believe Our Ears? Experts Say To Heed Caution As Audio Deep Fake Technology Advances". *wbur.org*. 2020-09-28. Archived from the original on 2020-10-21. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
15. "Imagine traveling to the moon only to realize you're allergic to it. One astronaut did". *popsci.com*. 2020-11-25. Archived from the original on 2020-11-26.
16. Nicholson, Tom (2020-12-07). "The 63 Best Podcasts You Can Listen To In 2020". *esquire.com*. Archived from the original on 2020-10-22. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
17. "The 71 Best Podcasts of 2020". *discoverpods.com*. 2020-12-15. Archived from the original on 2020-12-16. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
18. Pathak, Sushmita (2017-09-10). "4 Podcasts That'll Make You Wish Your Commute Were Longer". *OZY*. Archived from the original on 2019-09-04. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
19. Fabrizio, Doug (2 November 2018). "Twenty Thousand Hertz". *radiowest.KUER.org*. Archived from the original on 2018-11-02. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
20. David, Caylen (2020-12-11). "Sound Design Matters: A Review of the 'Twenty Thousand Hertz' Podcast". *34st.com*. Archived from the original on 2020-12-12. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
21. "Best Episodes of 2021". *Spotify*. Archived from the original on 2021-12-01. Retrieved 2021-12-01.
22. "Twenty Thousand Hertz". The Webby Awards. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
23. Liao, Shannon (2019-04-23). "Here are all the winners of the 2019 Webby Awards". *The Verge*. Archived from the original on 2019-04-23. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
24. "Twenty Thousand Hertz". *winners.webbyawards.com*. The Webby Awards. Archived from the original on 2020-10-28. Retrieved 2020-10-23.
25. "Academy of Podcasters: Past Winners". *Academy of Podcasters*. Podcast Movement. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017.
26. "Here Are 2021's Adweek Podcast of the Year Winners". *Adweek*. 13 December 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-12-13. Retrieved 2021-12-13.
27. "Best Production and Sound Design (sponsored by PRX)". *Ambies*. Retrieved 2022-12-09.

## InfoBox

| *Twenty Thousand Hertz* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Presentation | |
| Hosted by | Dallas Taylor |
| Updates | Biweekly |
| Production | |
| Production | Defacto Sound |
| No. of episodes | 159 |
| Publication | |
| Original release | 2016-10-31 |
| Related | |
| Website | 20k.org |


title: Hugo Camps

abstract: Hugo Camps was a Belgian journalist, columnist and writer. Camps published in both Belgian and Dutch magazines and wrote several books in particular about football and cycling. He worked for over thirty-five years for Elsevier Weekblad, for which he wrote a weekly interview and a column about sports until his death. Camps died in Knokke on 29 October 2022, at the age of 79.

text:
# Hugo Camps

**Hugo Camps** (12 May 1943 – 29 October 2022) was a Belgian journalist, columnist and writer.

Camps published in both Belgian and Dutch magazines and wrote several books in particular about football and cycling. He worked for over thirty-five years for *Elsevier Weekblad* , for which he wrote a weekly interview and a column about sports until his death.

Camps died in Knokke on 29 October 2022, at the age of 79.

## Awards and prizes

## InfoBox

| Hugo Camps | |
| --- | --- |
| Camps in 2011 | |
| Born | (1943-05-12)12 May 1943
Molenstede, Diest, Belgium |
| Died | 29 October 2022(2022-10-29) (aged 79)
Knokke, Belgium |
| Occupations | * Journalist * columnist * writer |