title: Police on the Road

abstract: Police on the Road is a 1991 Hong Kong action police procedural television series produced by TVB and starring Gallen Lo and Wan Yeung-ming. With a total of 13 episodes, the series contains a different story in each of the episodes. Originally aired from 5 October 1991 to 1 February 1992 on TVB Jade, the show had a rerun on the channel, TVB Classic, from 4 to 12 June 2015 as a part of the special, Our... Gallen Lo (我們的...羅嘉良), that ran from 20 March to 12 June.

text:
# Police on the Road

| Police on the Road | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 皇家鐵馬 |
| Simplified Chinese | 皇家铁马 |
| Literal meaning | "Royal Cavalry" |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Huáng Jiā Tiě Mǎ  Yue: Cantonese  Jyutping Wong4 Gaa1 Tit3 Maa2 | |
|  | |

***Police on the Road*** is a 1991 Hong Kong action police procedural television series produced by TVB and starring Gallen Lo and Wan Yeung-ming. With a total of 13 episodes, the series contains a different story in each of the episodes. Originally aired from 5 October 1991 to 1 February 1992 on TVB Jade, the show had a rerun on the channel, TVB Classic, from 4 to 12 June 2015 as a part of the special, *Our... Gallen Lo* (我們的...羅嘉良), that ran from 20 March to 12 June.

## Plot

Traffic officer Chan Chi-san (Gallen Lo) transfers to Inspector Lee (Liu Kai-chi) unit in order to work with his friend, Four Eyed Snake (Lo Mang). While investigating a speeding case where Chow Ying-kei (Patrick Hon) ran over and killed a civilian, Chi-san meets reporter Cheung Chi-wai (Lau Sau-ping), and the two fall in love. However, Chi-wai's older brother, Cheung Kam-fai (Lee Lung-kei), is a taxi driver with extreme hate for traffic cops and prevents the romance between the two.

Fellow traffic officer Ho Kwok-cheung (Wan Yeung-ming) has a righteous personality to order to infiltrate an illegal street racing group, he betrays his friend, Joe (Jimmy Wong). Kwok-cheung later meets Angel (Anita Lee), who is a mistress of a rich businessman, and instantly falls in love with her. However, Angel gets into a dilemma whether to choose Kwok-cheung or stay with the rich businessman.

## Episodes

| Ep # | Title |
| --- | --- |
| 1 | *Glory of a Cavalry* (鐵騎雄風) |
| 2 | *Kiss from a Speed-racing Girl* (飛車女之吻) |
| 3 | *Road Fanatic* (馬路狂徒) |
| 4 | *Taxi Brother* (的士大哥) |
| 5 | *Cavalry Bride* (鐵馬俏佳人) |
| 6 | *Tanker Storm* (運油風暴) |
| 7 | *Po* (阿寶) |
| 8 | *Master Ting* (頂爺) |
| 9 | *The Dead Undercover* (死亡邊緣人) |
| 10 | *Brave Emotions of a Cavalry* (鐵騎豪情) |
| 11 | *Back to the Training Academy* (回到學堂) |
| 12 | *The Price of Glory* (光榮何價) |
| 13 | *Stern Law and Order* (嚴正法紀) |
|

## Cast

### Traffic Branch Headquarters

* Gallen Lo as Chan Chi-san (陳志新)
* Wan Yeung-ming as Ho Kwok-cheung (何國昌)
* Sing Yan as Chu Man-fai (朱文輝)
* Lo Mang as Four Eyed Snake (眼鏡蛇)
* John Wu as Wong Sai-leung (王世良)
* Chiu Hung as Officer Choi (蔡Sir)

### Other

* Lau Sau-ping as Cheung Chi-wai (張紫蕙)
* Cheng Ka-sang as Cheung (阿祥)
* Tsui Kwong-lam as Uncle Ping (炳叔)
* Pok Kwan as Ming (阿明)
* Ngai Sin-lap as test examiner

### Episode 1

* Gabriel Wong as Brother Cho (初哥)
* Lee Wai-man as Car owner
* Sit Chun as Strange passenger
* Lui Chui-ping as Shanghai lady (上海婆)

### Episode 2

* Tsui Ka-po as Pinky
* Mak Chi-suet as Mad Keung (喪強)
* Andy Tai as Chan Lung-fu (陳龍虎)
* Wai Tak-sing as Bold Chuen (沙胆泉)
* Chan Siu-ping as Little Devil (小妖)
* Ngan Ching-wai as Gi Gi
* Chin Chau as Connie
* Fung Shui-chun as Pinky's mother
* Chan Yin-hong as Nurse
* Chan Chun-lok as Happy
* Yau Piu as Car racer
* Cheng Chun-fan as punk
* Choi Chi-fung as Keung's underling
* Yip Chi-wah as Keung's underling

### Episode 3

* Patrick Hon as Chow Ying-kei (周英奇)
* Gilbert Lam as Adviser Kau (師爺九)
* Yip Sai-kuen as Rocky
* Ceci So as Aunt Ming (明嬸)
* Teresa Ha as Aunt Ming's mother
* Wong Sau-kuen as Female colleague
* Wong Wai-fan as Female secretary
* Lui Kim-kwong as News stall owner
* Ho Pik-kin as Chief editor

### Episode 4

* Lee Lung-kei as Cheung Kam-fai (張錦輝)
* Wan Seung-yin as Female passenger
* Ying Sin-yin as Passerby
* Liu Pui-ling as Female driver
* Wong Fung-king as Pregnant woman
* Cheng Chun-fai as Waiter

### Episode 5

* Anita Lee as Angel
* Wong Chun-kit as Passenger
* Shek Yat-ming as Driver A
* Guo Cheuk-wah as Rascal A
* Wat Wai-lam as Rascal B
* Kwok Cho-yin as Driver B
* Leung Kin-ping as Ben
* Hung Ho-wan as Bodyguard A
* Chow Chin-yee as Bodyguard B
* Chan Yiu-man as Waiter
* Wong Mei-yee as Cori
* Tai Siu-man as Boyfriend
* Tam Suk-mui as Female staff
* So Chi as Guard

### Episode 6

* Wayne Lai as Man (阿文)
* Cho Chai as Old man Lau (劉伯)
* Wu Ying-man as Jacky
* Tam Yat-ching as Uncle Kwan (坤叔)

### Episode 7

* Wong Yat-fei as Uncle Kuen (權叔)
* Elton Loo as Po (阿寶)
* Fung Chi-fung as Thug
* Wong Chung-chi as Thug
* Suet Tai-wah as Thug
* Fong Kit as Police superintendent
* Au Yuk as Mini-bus driver

### Episode 8

* Cheng Lui as Uncle Tat (達叔)
* Kwan Chi-piu as Leung (阿良)
* Steve Lee as Master Ting (頂爺)
* Chan Wing-chun as Wing (阿榮)
* Kong Ming-fai as Wing's underling
* Lam To-kuen as Keung (阿強)
* Lee Wai-man as Man (阿民)
* Fong Kit as Chief Inspector

### Episode 9

* Gary Chan as Luk (阿祿)
* Chan Pui-san as May
* Lam Kin-fai as Tommy
* Wong Man-piu as Film director
* Fung Man-ching as Annie
* Cheung Chun-wah as Film star
* Chan Yiu-wah as Doctor

### Episode 10

* Lee Hin-ming as Crippled Chicken (廢雞)
* Dick Chan as Dr. Yiu (姚偉生)
* Jimmy Wong as Joe
* Wu Man-yam as Tina
* Ling Hon as Old man Tang (鄧伯)
* Cheng Wai-ka as Sandy
* Tsang Yiu-ming as Brother Ho (豪哥)
* Chan Yin-hong as Nurse
* Tam Suk-mui as Nurse

### Episode 11

* Cheng Siu-ping as Aunt King (琼姑)
* May Tse as Chu Man-fai's wife
* Shek Wan as Uncle Kuen (權叔)
* Yuen Lung-kui as Robber A
* Lau Wan as Robber B
* Chan Wai-yu as Aunty (阿嬸)
* Mak Ka-lun as Policeman A
* Wai Tak-sing as Policeman B
* Yung Ka-lai as Cashier

### Episode 12

* Siu Yan-san as Politician
* Liu Kai-chi as Inspector Lee (李Sir)
* Law Lan as Lee's mother
* Cheng Kwan-ning as Snake Ning (蛇仔明)
* Candy Man as Grace
* Fong Kit as Officer Yip (葉Sir)
* Wong Sze-yan as Driver
* Wan Lap-chun as Ben
* Law Hung as Officer Chiu (趙Sir)

### Episode 13

* Andrew Yuen as Mick (阿明)
* Hau Wai-wan as Carly
* Ho Pik-kin as Editor
* Tang Yu-chiu as 12th Young Master (十二少)
* Wong Wai-fan as Secretary
* Ku Sui-kwan as Underling
* Cheng Pak-wan as Underling
* Cheng Ka-chung as Underling

## InfoBox

| *Police on the Road* | |
| --- | --- |
| Official poster | |
| 皇家鐵馬 | |
| Genre | Police procedural
Action |
| Screenplay by | Choi Yip-ming
Yu Hon-wing
Choi Siu-ning
Cheng Yau-hing
Wong Yuk-chun |
| Directed by | Luk Tin-wah
Choi Fat-lun
Patrick Yau
Chan Suk-leung |
| Starring | Gallen Lo
Wan Yeung-ming
John Wu
Lau Sau-ping
Sing Yan
Patrick Hon |
| Theme music composer | Choi Chung-ching |
| Opening theme | *Forgive Me* (原諒我) by Gallen Lo |
| Country of origin | Hong Kong |
| Original language | Cantonese |
| No. of episodes | 13 |
| Production | |
| Producer | Siu Hin-fai |
| Production location | Hong Kong |
| Camera setup | Multi camera |
| Production company | TVB |
| Original release | |
| Network | TVB Jade |
| Release | 5 October 1991 (1991-10-05)
1 February 1992 (1992-02-01) |


abstract: International Anthems for the Human Race is the second album of Christian rock band All Star United. The album was released in 1998.

text:
# International Anthems for the Human Race

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Cross Rhythms |  |
| HM Magazine |  |
| Jesus Freak Hideout |  |
| Phantom Tollbooth |  |

***International Anthems for the Human Race*** is the second album of Christian rock band All Star United. The album was released in 1998.

## Track listing

1. "Welcome to Our Big Rock Show"
2. "Popular Americans"
3. "International Anthems"
4. "Thank You, Goodnight"
5. "If We were Lovers"
6. "Worldwide Socialites Unite"
7. "I Need You Now"
8. "Theme from Summer"
9. "Everything Will Be Alright"
10. "Superstar"
11. "Put Your Arms Around Me"

## InfoBox

| International Anthems
for the Human Race | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by All Star United | |
| Released | 1998 |
| Genre | Rock, Christian rock |
| Length | 50:18 |
| Label | Essential |
| Producer | Neill King |
| All Star United chronology | |
| *All Star United*
(1997) ***International Anthems
for the Human Race***
(1998) *Smash Hits*
(2000) | |


title: Antoinette Dinga Dzondo

abstract: Antoinette Dinga Dzondo is a Congolese politician who was the Republic of the Congo's Minister of Social Affairs and Humanitarian Action from 2016 to 2021.

text:
# Antoinette Dinga Dzondo

**Antoinette Dinga Dzondo** (also **Dinga-Dzondo**, born 16 April 1955) is a Congolese politician who was the Republic of the Congo's Minister of Social Affairs and Humanitarian Action from 2016 to 2021.

## Personal life

Antoinette Dinga Dzondo was born in Sibiti, Lékoumou Department, Republic of the Congo. She studied at the Lille University of Science and Technology in France, where she earned a Bachelor of Economics degree in 1979, a master's degree in 1980, a Diploma of Advanced Studies in 1981, and a PhD in economic sciences in 1984.

## Career

From 1984 to 1985, Dinga Dzondo worked as a trainee at Congo's Ministry of Finance. Between 1985 and 1992, she worked for the Economic Community of Central African States, and from 1992 to 2016, she worked for the African Development Bank. Whilst at the African Development Bank, she worked for the International Monetary Fund as part of an exchange program, and also worked for five years in Burkina Faso.

In 2016, Dinga Dzondo was appointed Congo's Minister of Social Affairs and Humanitarian Action in Clément Mouamba's cabinet. She replaced Émilienne Raoul, who had held the role for 14 years. She retained the position in Mouamba's second cabinet government in 2017. In that position, she led the response to a humanitarian crisis in Kindamba and Pool Department, with  47 million of investment, including donations from the United States, the Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development, and the World Food Programme. She also supported Rwandan refugees returning to their home country. In 2017, there were 100,000 Rwandan refugess in Brazzaville, and Dinga Dzondo said that they would not be forced into returning to Rwanda.

In 2019, Dinga Dzondo announced a deal for around 300 million Congolese francs from the Red Cross Society of China to support flood victims, with another 170 million francs (around 2 million Chinese yuan) promised in the future. In 2020, Dinga Dzondo announced a 12.7 billion francs ($21.3 million) fund to help refugees based in the Congo to survive and return home. She also secured around 760 million francs (around 150 million Japanese yen) in financial aid from Japan. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Dinga Dzondo organised payments of 50,000 Congolese francs to those affected in Brazzaville.

In May 2021, Irène Mboukou was announced as Congo's new Minister of Social Affairs and Humanitarian Action.

## InfoBox

| Antoinette Dinga Dzondo | |
| --- | --- |
| Dinga Dzondo in 2017 | |
|  | |
| Minister of Social Affairs and Humanitarian Action | |
| **In office**
May 2016  May 2021 | |
| President | Denis Sassou Nguesso |
| Prime Minister | Clément Mouamba |
| Preceded by | Émilienne Raoul |
| Succeeded by | Irène Mboukou |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1955-04-16)16 April 1955
Sibiti, Lékoumou Department, Republic of the Congo |
| Nationality | Congolese |
| Alma mater | Lille University of Science and Technology |
|  | |


title: Viktor Filipenkó

abstract: Viktor Filipenkó is a Hungarian tennis player. Filipenkó has a career high ATP singles ranking of 692 achieved on 29 July 2013. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 709, achieved on 22 July 2013. Filipenkó has won 2 ITF doubles titles. Filipenkó has represented Hungary at Davis Cup, where he has a win–loss record of 1–3.

text:
# Viktor Filipenkó

**Viktor Filipenkó** (born 25 September 1991) is a Hungarian tennis player.

Filipenkó has a career high ATP singles ranking of 692 achieved on 29 July 2013. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 709, achieved on 22 July 2013. Filipenkó has won 2 ITF doubles titles.

Filipenkó has represented Hungary at Davis Cup, where he has a win–loss record of 1–3.

## Future and Challenger finals

### Singles: 1 (0–1)

| Legend |
| --- |
| Challengers 0 (0–0) |
| Futures 1 (0–1) |

| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Runner-up | 1. | July 29, 2012 | Kikinda, Serbia F6 | Clay | Aldin Šetkić | 1–6, 2–6 |

### Doubles 9 (2–7)

| Legend |
| --- |
| Challengers 0 (0–0) |
| Futures 9 (2–7) |

| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Winner | 1. | 9 March 2013 | Netanya, Israel F5 | Hard | Levente Gödry | Alexandros Jakupovic
Michal Schmid | 6–4, 4–6, \[10–5\] |
| Runner-up | 2. | May 5, 2013 | Antalya, Turkey F17 | Hard | Denis Bejtulahi | Hiroyasu Ehara
Tobias Klein | 6–7(3–7), 1–6 |
| Runner-up | 3. | June 20, 2014 | Siófok, Hungary F3 | Clay | Tristan-Samuel Weissborn | Cristóbal Saavedra Corvalán
Ricardo Urzúa-Rivera | 1–6, 1–6 |
| Runner-up | 4. | June 14, 2015 | Belgrade, Serbia F1 | Clay | Denis Bejtulahi | Kirill Dmitriev
Dmitry Popko | 2–6, 6–3, \[6–10\] |
| Runner-up | 5. | August 14, 2016 | Novi Sad, Serbia F4 | Clay | Antun Vidak | Christian Hirschmüller
Luka Ilić | 7–5, 2–6, \[9–11\] |
| Runner-up | 6. | March 25, 2017 | Ramat HaSharon, Israel F2 | Hard | Levente Gödry | Dekel Bar
Gábor Borsos | 4–6, 4–6 |
| Runner-up | 7. | April 1, 2017 | Tel Aviv, Israel F3 | Hard | Gábor Borsos | Matías Franco Descotte
Juan Carlos Sáez | 4–6, 4–6 |
| Winner | 8. | May 28, 2017 | Balatonalmádi, Hungary F3 | Clay | Gábor Borsos | Levente Gödry
Péter Nagy | 6–3, 6–4 |
| Runner-up | 7. | October 29, 2017 | Heraklion, Greece F6 | Hard | Darko Jandrić | Dominik Kellovský
Václav Šafránek | 7–6(7–4), 3–6, \[7–10\] |

## Davis Cup

### Participations: (1–3)

| Group membership  World Group (0–0)  WG play-off (0–0)  Group I (0–0)  Group II (0–3)  Group III (1–0)  Group IV (0–0) | Matches by surface  Hard (0–3)  Clay (1–0)  Grass (0–0)  Carpet (0–0) | Matches by type  Singles (0–3)  Doubles (1–0) |
| --- | --- | --- |

| Rubber outcome | No. | Rubber | Match type (partner if any) | Opponent nation | Opponent player(s) | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2–3; 1–3 February 2013; Manejul de Atletică Ușoară, Chișinău, Moldova; Europe/Africa first round; hard (indoor) surface | | | | | | |
| Defeat | 1 | II | Singles | Moldova | Radu Albot | 1–6, 3–6, 3–6 |
||
| Defeat | 2 | V | Singles | Maxim Dubarenco | 6–4, 3–6, 3–6, 6–7(4–7) |
| 1–4; 5–7 April 2013; Budapesti Elektromos Sportegyesület Sportcsarnoka, Budapest, Hungary; Europe/Africa relegation play-off; hard (indoor) surface | | | | | | |
| Defeat | 3 | V | Singles | Luxembourg | Gilles Kremer | 7–6(9–7), 4–6, 6–7(5–7) |
| 3–0; 8 May 2014; Gellért Szabadidőközpont, Szeged, Hungary; Europe/Africa round robin; clay surface | | | | | | |
| Victory | 4 | III | Doubles (with Levente Gödry) | Liechtenstein | Robin Forster / Christian Meier | 6–0, 6–0 |

1. "Viktor Filipenkó". ATP. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
2. "Viktor Filipenkó". ITF. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
3. "Viktor Filipenkó". Davis Cup. Retrieved 31 May 2018.

## InfoBox

Viktor Filipenkó
| Country (sports) | Hungary |
| --- | --- |
| Residence | Budapest, Hungary |
| Born | (1991-09-25) 25 September 1991
Budapest, Hungary |
| Plays | Right-handed (two-handed backhand) |
| Prize money | $28,144 |
| Singles | |
| Career record | 0–3  (at ATP Tour level, Grand Slam level, and in Davis Cup) |
| Career titles | 0 |
| Highest ranking | No. 692 (29 July 2013) |
| Doubles | |
| Career record | 0–0  (at ATP Tour level, Grand Slam level, and in Davis Cup) |
| Career titles | 0
0 Challenger, 2 Futures |
| Highest ranking | No. 709 (22 July 2013) |
| Team competitions | |
| Davis Cup | 1–3 |
| Last updated on: 17 June 2019. | |


title: Idestrup

abstract: Idestrup is a town some 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southeast of Nykøbing Falster on the Danish island of Falster. As of 2024, it has a population of 1,125.

text:
# Idestrup

**Idestrup** is a town some 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southeast of Nykøbing Falster on the Danish island of Falster. As of 2024, it has a population of 1,125.

## History

Idestrup Church built in the Romanesque style dates from the 12th century. With its whitewashed walls, rounded windows and a red tiled roof it stands in the middle of the town. Other buildings of interest include the dairy from the late 19th century, the *foramlingshus* (community centre) from 1901 and the old people's home with a history going back to 1924.

The town's development owes much to Edward Tesdorph, originally a farmer, who built a pump station to drain the area after a flood in 1872. He was behind the local high tension power station (1912) as well as the sugar refinery in Nykøbing.

Various Iron Age and Bronze Age finds have recently been made in and around Idestrup indicating that it has been inhabited for much longer than previously thought.

## The town today

The town has a sports association, Idestrup-Væggerløse Idrætsforening, and Idestrup Hallen, a sports hall suitable for football, handball, gymnastics, badminton and tennis. There is also a library, food store and, since 2011, a new private school.

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Idestrup | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Idestrup Church, Falster | |
| IdestrupLocation on FalsterIdestrupIdestrup (Denmark Region Zealand)IdestrupIdestrup (Denmark) | |
| Coordinates: 54°44′32″N 11°57′28″E / 54.74222°N 11.95778°E / 54.74222; 11.95778 | |
| Country | Denmark |
| Region | Zealand (*Sjælland*) |
| Municipality | Guldborgsund |
| Area | |
| Urban | 0.34 sq mi (0.88 km2) |
| Population (2024) | |
| Urban | 1,125 |
| Urban density | 3,300/sq mi (1,300/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Nevadan orogeny

abstract: The Nevadan orogeny occurred along the western margin of North America during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous approximately 155 Ma to 145 Ma. Throughout the duration of this orogeny there were at least two different kinds of orogenic processes occurring. During the early stages of orogenesis an "Andean type" continental magmatic arc developed due to subduction of the Farallon oceanic plate beneath the North American Plate. The latter stages of orogenesis, in contrast, saw multiple oceanic arc terranes accreted onto the western margin of North America in a "Cordilleran type" accretionary orogen. Deformation related to the accretion of these volcanic arc terranes is mostly limited to the western regions of the resulting mountain ranges and is absent from the eastern regions. In addition, the deformation experienced in these mountain ranges is mostly due to the Nevadan orogeny and not other external events such as the more recent Sevier and Laramide Orogenies. It is noted that the Klamath Mountains and the Sierra Nevada share similar stratigraphy indicating that they were both formed by the Nevadan orogeny. In comparison with other orogenic events, it appears that the Nevadan Orogeny occurred rather quickly taking only about 10 million years as compared to hundreds of millions of years for other orogenies around the world.

text:
# Nevadan orogeny

The **Nevadan orogeny** occurred along the western margin of North America during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous approximately 155 Ma to 145 Ma. Throughout the duration of this orogeny there were at least two different kinds of orogenic processes occurring. During the early stages of orogenesis an "Andean type" continental magmatic arc developed due to subduction of the Farallon oceanic plate beneath the North American Plate. The latter stages of orogenesis, in contrast, saw multiple oceanic arc terranes accreted onto the western margin of North America in a "Cordilleran type" accretionary orogen. Deformation related to the accretion of these volcanic arc terranes is mostly limited to the western regions of the resulting mountain ranges (Klamath Mountain range and Sierra Nevada) and is absent from the eastern regions. In addition, the deformation experienced in these mountain ranges is mostly due to the Nevadan orogeny and not other external events such as the more recent Sevier and Laramide Orogenies. It is noted that the Klamath Mountains and the Sierra Nevada share similar stratigraphy indicating that they were both formed by the Nevadan orogeny. In comparison with other orogenic events, it appears that the Nevadan Orogeny occurred rather quickly taking only about 10 million years as compared to hundreds of millions of years for other orogenies around the world (ex. Trans-Hudson orogeny).

## Order of events

The Nevadan Orogeny began with the formation of a continental volcanic arc due to east dipping subduction of the Farallon Plate beneath the North American Plate. Continued subduction of oceanic crust transported multiple oceanic arc terranes to the western margin of North America where they were accreted onto the edge of the continent. During the accretion of the arc terranes onto North America, the sediment and crustal material between North American and the incoming arc terrane were thrust onto the continent forming ophiolite sequences that are preserved in both the Klamath Mountains and the Sierra Nevada. These mountain ranges are located in northern California-southern Oregon, and central California respectively. The accretion of arc terranes resulted in the generation of three distinct belts in the Sierra Nevada: the Western belt, Central belt, and Eastern Belt. The Klamath Mountains are somewhat more complex in their overall structure than the Sierra Nevada.

## Sierra Nevada

### Eastern belt

The eastern belt of the Sierra Nevada consists of the Northern Sierra Terrane. The Northern Sierra Terrane was formed from volcanism at the western edge of North America due to the subduction of an oceanic plate, which eventually resulted in the accretion of the Tuolumne River and Slate Creek terranes to North America. This is analogous to the "Andean" style of orogenesis where subduction of an oceanic plate to approximately 110 km beneath the surface of Earth results in melting of the down-going slab and convecting asthenosphere. This melting may be assisted by the presence of water in what is known as flux melting. The melt from the slab then rises up through the asthenosphere and through the crust to create large batholiths and volcanism.

Although deformation in the western and central regions of the Sierra Nevada is widespread, deformation from the Nevadan Orogeny in the Eastern Belt is somewhat limited. It was determined that the deformation was minimal in the Eastern Belt by looking at dikes that had intruded the rocks which appeared to be mostly undeformed. These mostly undeformed dikes were dated using the K-Ar method and were determined to be between 169 and 209 Ma in age, which implies they were placed well before any deformation related to the Nevadan Orogeny would have occurred. As the age of these dikes are older than the deformation of the Nevadan Orogeny, it is evident that most of the deformation took place towards the western side of the Sierra Nevada, rather than in the eastern regions.

### Central belt

The Central belt of the Sierra Nevada consists of rocks from the Tuolumne River terrane which were accreted onto the western Margin of North America at an earlier time (\>150 Ma) than the rocks of the Slate Creek terrane. In general there are two different zones in the Central belt, which are the Calaveras greenschist complex and the Shoo Fly complex.

The Calaveras-greenschist complex is located in the western half of the Central Belt and essentially consists of volcanic arc rocks along with small amounts of chert and argillite. The Shoo Fly complex is to the East of the Calaveras greenschist complex and is dominated by quartz sandstone with small amounts of limestone and phyllite.

K-Ar dating of the Tuolumne River terrane indicates it is between 190 and 170 Ma in age. During this time there would have been significant amounts of folding and thrust faulting near the collision zone for both the Tuolumne River terrane and the existing Northern Sierra Terrane. However, most of the deformation that would have been experienced in the collision was restricted to the Tuolumne River Terrane as minimal deformation is seen in the Eastern Belt.

### Western belt

The rocks of the Western belt comprise dominantly sedimentary rocks including greywacke and mudstone that have undergone deformation. In the southern part of the Western Belt the rocks have undergone folding as the main type of deformation. The Western Belt is generally separated from the Central Belt by the Melones fault zone which also distinguishes between the metamorphic rocks of the Western and Central Belts of the Sierra Nevada.

The Western Belt rocks are interpreted to be a part of the Slate Creek terrane, which was accreted onto the western margin of North America at approximately 150 Ma. The age of these rocks was dated using potassium-argon dating (K-Ar).

At the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada there are numerous dikes that have intruded the rocks that range in age from 148 to 155 Ma. These dikes are proposed to have been formed when the North American plate underwent a change in motion direction so that subduction was no longer occurring in a northeast direction but in the southeast direction. The shear sense along the dikes is a sinistral shear sense which indicates later southeast subduction of the oceanic plate.

## Klamath Mountains

The Klamath Mountains tell a similar story to the Sierra Nevada in that they are the product of multiple different accretionary events of island arc terranes. The current proposed model for the formation of the Klamath mountains involves multiple stages. The first stage of the formation of the Klamath mountains was arc magmatism on the western coast of North America which resulted in the formation of the Western Hayfork Terrane. Once the Western Hayfork Terrane was formed (and had subsequently stopped forming) the region was intruded by mafic dikes attributed to some form of extension at approximately 160 Ma. Once extension ceased in the area, compression began again, resulting in the closure of a very small back arc basin produced by the extension and accreted the ophiolite sequences seen in the Klamath Mountains from the Nevadan Orogeny time (Josephine Ophiolite at 155 Ma). Continued convergence in the Klamath Mountains region would eventually lead to the emplacement of dikes and sills within the Josephine Ophiolite at approximately 153 Ma. The youngest of the accretionary ophiolite sequence in the Klamath Mountains appears to be the Josephine Ophoilite, which is dated to be about 155 to 150 Ma in age using both argon-argon (Ar-Ar) and lead-uranium (Pb-U) methods. Rather than being thrust on top of North America, the Josephine Ophiolite was accreted through a different process that involved being thrust underneath North America and then eventually being exhumed at the surface. In the Klamath Mountains it has also been observed that there are two other plutons of rock that were accreted during the Nevadan Orogeny, the Abrams and Salmon mica schists of the Stuart Fork Formation. Using the potassium-argon (K-Ar) method of isotopic dating on phyllite, the age of metamorphism in the Stuart Fork Formation was determined to be about 148 Ma. The metamorphism related to the phyllite in the Stuart Fork Formation is from the older Abrams and Salmon mica schists being thrust on top of the Stuart Fork rocks during the end of the Nevadan Orogeny.

## Timing of events in the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains

The Sierra Nevada and the Klamath Mountains were the result of continental magmatic arc and then oceanic arc accretion during the Nevadan Orogeny between 155 and 145 Ma. At nearly the same time the Eastern Belt of the Sierra Nevada was forming, the Western Hayfork Terrane of the Klamath Mountains was being constructed. As the Nevadan Orogeny progressed, the Tuolumne River Terrane was accreted to the Sierra Nevada at approximately the same time as the formation of the Josephine Ophiolite in the Klamath Mountains (150-155 Ma). During the last stages of orogenesis, the sedimentary rocks of the Western Belt were accreted to the Sierra Nevada while the Abrams and Salmon mica schists were thrust on top of the Stuart Fork Formation in the Klamath Mountains.


title: Inermoleiopus delkeskampi

abstract: Inermoleiopus delkeskampi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1958.

text:
# Inermoleiopus delkeskampi

***Inermoleiopus delkeskampi*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1958.

## InfoBox

| *Inermoleiopus delkeskampi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Inermoleiopus*** |
| Species: | ***I. delkeskampi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Inermoleiopus delkeskampi***<br>Breuning, 1958 | |
|


title: The Morning Papers

abstract: "The Morning Papers" is a song by American musician Prince and the New Power Generation from their 1992 album Love Symbol. It was released as the fourth worldwide single from the album in March 1993 by Paisley Park and Warner Bros.; the B-side is "Live 4 Love", a track from Prince's previous album, Diamonds and Pearls (1991). The UK CD single included "Love 2 the 9's" as well, also from Love Symbol. "The Morning Papers" peaked at numbers 44 and 35 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and Cash Box Top 100. The lyrics of the song concern Prince falling in love with Mayte Garcia, and sticks to the theme of the movie 3 Chains o' Gold, where Mayte and Prince meet after her father is assassinated by seven mysterious men. Prince sings about the things they do together and how other people do not value/understand the bond they share. Musically, the song is a pop-rock ballad with an emphasis on guitar. The video is notable for featuring Prince embracing "the grunge look".

text:
# The Morning Papers

"**The Morning Papers**" is a song by American musician Prince and the New Power Generation from their 1992 album *Love Symbol*. It was released as the fourth worldwide (and fifth overall) single from the album in March 1993 by Paisley Park and Warner Bros.; the B-side is "Live 4 Love", a track from Prince's previous album, *Diamonds and Pearls* (1991). The UK CD single included "Love 2 the 9's" as well, also from *Love Symbol*. "The Morning Papers" peaked at numbers 44 and 35 on the US *Billboard* Hot 100 and *Cash Box* Top 100.

The lyrics of the song concern Prince falling in love with Mayte Garcia, and sticks to the theme of the movie *3 Chains o' Gold*, where Mayte (a princess in Egypt) and Prince meet after her father is assassinated by seven mysterious men. Prince sings about the things they do together and how other people do not value/understand the bond they share. Musically, the song is a pop-rock ballad with an emphasis on guitar. The video is notable for featuring Prince embracing "the grunge look".

## Chart performance

"The Morning Papers" was a moderate success on all the charts on which it appeared. It peaked at number 44 on the US *Billboard* Hot 100, number 18 on the *Billboard* Top 40 Mainstream chart, number 68 on the *Billboard* R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, number 35 on the *Cash Box* Top 100, and number 52 in the UK. The song became the first song by Prince released in proper form in the United Kingdom to miss the top 40 since "Mountains" in 1986, seven years earlier (this means that 23 of Prince's songs in a row had made the top 40 before "The Morning Papers"). The song, despite missing the *Billboard* top 40, made the Top 40 mainstream chart, meaning it received significant radio airplay in America.

## Critical reception

In a 2017 retrospective review, Andy Healy from Albumism stated that the pop-rock of the song "reinforce that no style or genre was beyond Prince's command". Upon the release, Larry Flick from *Billboard* described it as "a cinematic rock ballad, rife with retro-soul nuances". He added further, "An appealing, storytelling vocal is surrounded by rousing piano lines, nimble guitar riffs, and brassy horn fills. And, of course, Prince delivers a strong, affecting vocal. Will prove to be a refreshing respite from the usual cookie-cutter fare on pop radio." Randy Clark from *Cash Box* commented, "All hail the latest release from his Royal Badness' platinum album. This soulful, mid-tempo blues ballad has all the teasing, playful spirit we have grown to expect from the punk with the funk."

Alan Jones from *Music Week* named it Pick of the Week, praising it as "a straightforward pop ballad" and "a refreshing and simple song, enlivened by a powerful and flashy guitar solo". Terry Staunton from *NME* viewed it as "tired balladesque fillers" and "the kind of inconsequential piece of bland funk you'd expect to hear as the credit rolled at the end of *Graffiti Bridge*." Parry Gettelman from *Orlando Sentinel* felt the slow track have a strong melody, complimenting it as "a pretty ballad spiced with R&B horns and pop-blues guitar." Charles Aaron from *Spin* wrote, "Another bewitching bit of gush from the past year's screwiest album. "*If he poured his heart into a glass / And offered it like wine*", etc., is pure pop poetry."

## Personnel

Personnel are taken from Benoît Clerc and Guitarcloud.

* Prince – lead and backing vocals, electric guitar, percussion
* Levi Seacer Jr. – electric guitar
* Tommy Barbarella – synthesizers
* Sonny T. – bass guitar
* Michael B. – drums
* Michael B. Nelson – trombone
* Kathy Jensen – baritone saxophone
* Brian Gallagher – tenor saxophone
* Dave Jensen – trumpet
* Steve Strand – trumpet

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "The Morning Papers"
| Chart (1993) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 87 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 42 |
| Canada Top Singles (*RPM*) | 24 |
| Europe (European Hit Radio) | 7 |
| Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40) | 37 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 24 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 39 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 31 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 52 |
| UK Airplay (*Music Week*) | 8 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 44 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 68 |
| US Pop Airplay (*Billboard*) | 18 |
| US *Cash Box* Top 100 | 35 |

## InfoBox

| "The Morning Papers" | |
| --- | --- |
| UK 7-inch single | |
| Single by Prince and the New Power Generation | |
| from the album  *Love Symbol Album* | |
| B-side | * "Live 4 Love" * "Love 2 the 9's" |
| Released | March 1, 1993 (1993-03-01) |
| Recorded | Early December 1991 |
| Studio | Paisley Park (Chanhassen, Minnesota) |
| Genre | Pop rock |
| Length | 3:57 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) | Prince |
| Producer(s) | Prince |
| Prince and the New Power Generation singles chronology | |
| "Damn U"
(1992) "**The Morning Papers**"
(1993) "Pink Cashmere"
(1993) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "The Morning Papers" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: HWS Round Robin

abstract: The HWS Round Robin is an invitational British Parliamentary (BP) debate tournament hosted annually by the Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York. Participation in the HWS RR is considered prestigious among BP debaters as it is limited to exactly 16 teams that qualify via either an automatic bid given to the champions of major debate tournaments that happen throughout the year, or a competitive application to the tournament's selections committee, with auto-bid teams given priority. Unlike most parliamentary debate tournaments, such as the World Universities Debating Championship, which use power-pairing to determine preliminary round matches, the HWS RR uses round-robin scheduling to determine team pairings for each of its five preliminary rounds, before advancing the top four teams to the final. The tournament is also notable for its use of dual judging panels, in contrast to the established practice of allocating just one panel of judges per room.

text:
# HWS Round Robin

The **HWS Round Robin (HWS RR)** is an invitational British Parliamentary (BP) debate tournament hosted annually by the Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York. Participation in the HWS RR is considered prestigious among BP debaters as it is limited to exactly 16 teams that qualify via either an automatic bid given to the champions of major debate tournaments that happen throughout the year, or a competitive application to the tournament's selections committee, with auto-bid teams given priority.

Unlike most parliamentary debate tournaments, such as the World Universities Debating Championship, which use power-pairing to determine preliminary round matches, the HWS RR uses round-robin scheduling to determine team pairings for each of its five preliminary rounds, before advancing the top four teams to the final. The tournament is also notable for its use of dual judging panels, in contrast to the established practice of allocating just one panel of judges per room.

## History

The HWS RR was started in 2007 by the HWS Debate Team, with the intent of designing an annual tournament of champions for BP debate. While the World Universities Debating Championship (WUDC) had already long been established at the time, its open nature meant allowing a significant variation in skill among teams. From 2009 to 2013 the tournament was funded by the Open Society Foundations.

## Selection

Each year, invitations are sent to all four teams that make it to the Open Grand Final of the WUDC, as well as to the winning team of each of the following 12 major tournaments:

This means an automatic bid goes to a total of 16 teams, the exact number required for a five-round round robin BP tournament to work. If a team qualifies for more than one auto-bid (by winning more than one of the tournaments listed) or decides not to attend the tournament, then any extra slot is opened up for an at-large bid, where teams that apply are selected based on their achievements in debating.

## Structure

The HWS RR is conducted in the British Parliamentary format, the same one used by the WUDC. In BP, there are four teams, of two debaters each, that compete in a single round.

At the end of the round a panel of judges deliberates and ranks each team from first to fourth, with the first-placer receiving the full 3 points and the last-placer receiving no point. Uniquely, the HWS RR uses two panels, which means the maximum number of points a team can theoretically win in a single round is 6 points. Dual rooms began to see use in 2016 as part of research on the reliability of judge decisions.

The tournament has five preliminary rounds and one final round. During the preliminaries, teams are matched in such a way that they are never in the same room as a team they have faced before. The four teams that accrue the most number of points by the end of the fifth round are advanced to the final round. The winners and runners-up of the final are considered winners and runners-up of the HWS RR for that year.

## Past Tournaments

| Year | Winners | Runners-up | Finalists | Best Speaker | Topic of Final |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2024 | Cambridge/Stanford (Ashish Kumar & Tejas Subramaniam) | Chicago/Sydney (Aditya Dhar & Ellie Stephenson) | McGill (Max Rosen & Reana Yan), Chicago/Princeton (Devesh Kodnani & Xiao-ke Lu) | Max Rosen & Tejas Subramaniam | "This House, as the chemist, would take the chemical weapons job." |
| 2023 | Stanford (Tejas Subramaniam & Arthur Lee) | LSE (Matt Caito & Ahmed Elsammak) | Princeton (Jane Mentzinger & Greg Weaving), Princeton (Xiao-ke Lu & Isaac Cape) | Tejas Subramaniam | "This House believes that feminist movements in developing nations should prioritize the strategy of advocating for carceral feminism." |
| 2022 | McGill (Naomi Panovka & Max Rosen) | Oxford (Rachel O'Nunain & Oskar Sherry) | Harvard (Hamza Chaudhry & Aditya Dhar), Princeton (Xiao-ke Lu & Greg Weaving) | Hamza Chaudhry | "This House supports increased military spending and rearmament plans announced by Germany and other EU countries." |
| 2021 | Zagreb (Tin Puljić & Lovro Šprem) | LSE (Abhinav Bathula & Trenton Sewell) | Ateneo (David Africa & Luigi Alcaneses), Harvard (Aditya Dhar & Asher Spector) | Abhinav Bathula | "This House believes that the legacy of historical figures should not suffer due to those figures' immoral actions, if those actions were generally seen as morally unproblematic by their own society." |
| 2020 | Yale (David Edimo & Eva-Marie Quinones) | Cambridge (Lucía Arce & Tudor Musat) | IBA Dhaka (Sajid Khandaker & Sourodip Paul), Harvard (Aditya Dhar & Michael Nehme) | Lucía Arce | "This House believes that individuals have a moral obligation to not have biological children." |
| 2019 | Oxford (Kit Mercer & Jason Xiao) | Melbourne (Stuart Dixon & Connor O'Brien) | Harvard (Danny DeBois & Mars He), Harvard (John Hunt & Michael Nehme) | Danny DeBois | "This House believes that the Black Lives Matter movement should embrace open carry gun laws and engage in armed community patrols." |
| 2018 | Cambridge (Alasdair Donovan & Ian Wu) | Oxford (Jason Xiao & Lee Chin Wee) | Stanford (Harry Elliott & Bobbi Leet), Tel Aviv (Noam Dahan & Tom Manor) | Lee Chin Wee | "This House believes that the interests of the Chinese people would be better served by a peaceful transition into a democracy, rather than a continuation of the one-party rule." |
| 2017 | Tel Aviv (Dan Lahav & Sella Nevo) | Harvard (Danny DeBois & Archie Hall) | Cornell (Enting Lee & Adrian Muttalib), Yale (Evan Lynyak, Henry Zhang) | Danny DeBois | "This House believes that governments should abandon the strategy of decapitation in fighting terrorism." |
| 2016 | Cambridge (Ashish Kumar & Michael Dunn-Goekjian) | Tel Aviv (Ayal Hayut-Man & Dan Lahav) | Cambridge (George Clay & Etsuko Lim), Yale (Tony Nguyen, Henry Zhang) | Michael Dunn-Goekjian | "This House supports health insurance companies offering optional lump sum payments to terminally ill patients who choose to forgo expensive life extending medical treatments." |
| 2015 | Hart House (Joe McGrade & Veenu Goswami) | Cambridge (Ashish Kumar & Michael Dunn-Goekjian) | Harvard (Bo Seo & Fanele Mashwama), Hart House (Lex Sundarsingh, Aislin Flynn) | Michael Dunn-Goekjian | "This House believes that prominent civil society activists should choose not to run for elected office." |
| 2014 | Sydney (Chris Bisset & Daniel Swain) | Yale (Zach Bakal & Nick Cugini) | Cambridge (Ashish Kumar & Kitty Parker-Brooks), Cambridge (Michael Dunn-Goekjian, Freddy Powell) | Daniel Swain | "This House believes that, within broad budgetary constraints, environmental policy should be decided by unelected scientific experts selected by their peers." |
| 2013 | Lincoln's Inn (James Hardy & Harish Natarajan) | Cornell (Alex Bores & Danny Blackman) | Loyola Marymount (James Kilcup & James Molison), Yale (Sam Ward-Packard & Andrew Connery) | Harish Natarajan | "This House would use diversity quotas for university admissions." |
| 2012 | Stanford (Michael Baer & Shengwu Li) | Oxford (Will Jones & Ben Woolgar) | Sydney (Dominic Bowes & Paul Karp), Yale (Nick Cugini & Ben Kornfeld) | Ben Woolgar | "This House believes that the government should subsidise newspapers." |
| 2011 | Stanford (Alexander Campbell & Anish Mitra) | Oxford (Stephanie Bell & Ben Woolgar) | Hart House (Veenu Goswami & Steve Penner), MIT (Adam Goldstein & Peter McKee) | Ben Woolgar | "This House believes that whenever individuals have a choice between spending money on luxuries or donating it to ameliorating suffering, morality demands donating." |
| 2010 | TCD Hist (Niamh Ni Mhaoileoin & Niall Sherry) | Queen's (Adam Hetherington & Cristine Wadsworth) | Sydney (Bronwyn Cowell & Tim Mooney), Cornell (Ryan Yeh & Alex Bores) | Tim Mooney | "This House would ban parents from genetically selecting children who lack a predisposition to homosexuality." |
| 2009 | Oxford (Jonathan Leader Maynard & Alexander Worsnip) | Hart House (Richard Lizius & Ian Freeman) | Loyola Marymount (Kevin Kiley & Alexander Schwab), Middle Temple (Douglas Cochran & Daniel Warents) | Jonathan Leader Maynard | "This House would eliminate executive pardons." |
| 2008 | Harvard (Cormac Early & Lewis Bollard) | Claremont (Charlie Sprague & Kari Wohlschlegel) | Hart House (John Ashbourne & Alexander Levy), Oxford (Lewis Turner & Alexander Worsnip) | Lewis Turner | "This House would establish an international force to arrest those indicted by the International Criminal Court." |
| 2007 | Yale (Adam Chilton & David Denton) | Harvard (Cormac Early & Allen Ewalt) | Harvard (Lewis Bollard & Rezwan Haque), McGill (Leon Grek & Susannah Patton) | Adam Chilton | "This House supports requiring community service for graduation from high school." |

1. Robinson, Melia; Stanger, Melissa (2014-05-24). "Michael Dunn-Goekjian Reached the Finals of the World's Highest-Level Debating Tournament". Business Insider. Retrieved 2023-01-07. ...the final of the HWS Round Robin, a high-level tournament that invites collegiate champions from around the world.
2. *Trinity Term 2018 Termcard*. The Oxford Union Society. 2018. p. 70. ...the highly prestigious Hobart and William Smith Round Robin...
3. "Debate teams from 10 countries heading to HWS for Round Robin tourney". Finger Lakes Times. 2017-04-03. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
4. "2 Ghanaian students invited to prestigious world debate tournament". Joy FM. 2020-01-13. Retrieved 2023-01-07. The HWS Round Robin is an international tournament of champions hosted in each April which is second only to the World Championships in competitiveness.
5. Megha, Momotaz Rahman (2020-09-15). "IBA-DU 1st Asian team to reach finals with Harvard, Cambridge, Yale at prestigious HWS debate". The Daily Star. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
6. "Yale Enthusiastically Forays Into BP" (PDF). *The Yale Debate Association Newsletter*. Yale Debate Association. 2013. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-01-07. ...the HWS Round Robin, an invitational tournament to which only the top 16 teams in the world are invited...
7. "HWS Round Robin Results – Tel Aviv Champions & Danny DeBois (Harvard) Top Speaker!". Achte Minute. 2017-04-25. Retrieved 2023-01-07. ...team spots, which can be achieved either through winning a prestigious named tournament or through a competitive at-large bidding process...
8. *Easter Term 2018 Term Card*. The Cambridge Union Society. 2018. p. 6. Retrieved 2023-01-07. ...the HWS round robin - competing against 16 of the most skilled teams in the world.
9. "Section 36. Tabulation of the Preliminary Rounds". *WUDC Constitution*. World Universities Debating Council. Retrieved 2023-01-07. For rounds two through nine, the debates shall be drawn by the Tab Director(s) on a 'power-pairing' basis...
10. "Tournament Policies". HWS Round Robin. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
11. "Section 34. Overview of the Format". *WUDC Constitution*. World Universities Debating Council. Retrieved 2023-01-07. An Adjudication Panel shall be allocated by the Adjudication Core to judge each debate...
12. "Oxford wins HWS Round Robin 2019". Achte Minute. 2019-04-09. Retrieved 2023-01-07. At the Round Robin, each team is ranked by two judging panels and receives separate adjudications. Speaker points and team points are aggregated across both panels.
13. "Trinity College Wins Fourth Annual Debate Tournament". Hobart and William Smith Colleges: The Herald. 2010-04-09. p. 2. Retrieved 2023-01-08.
14. "Round Robin Origins". HWS Round Robin. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
15. "Students Debate Adapting to Vs. Preventing Climate Change". Open Society Foundations. 2009-04-15. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
16. "HWS Round Robin Debate Tournament". *Facebook*. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
17. "Qualifying: How to be Part of the Round Robin". HWS Round Robin. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
18. Barnes, Eric; Doak, Christopher (August 2019). *Assessing the Reliability of Debate Judges* (Thesis). Retrieved 2022-01-07.
19. "HWS RR 2024 Tab Site". HWS Round Robin.
20. "HWS RR 2023 Tab Site". HWS Round Robin.
21. "Tab Sheets". HWS Round Robin.
22. "Past Winners". HWS Round Robin.

## InfoBox

HWS Round Robin
| Host | Hobart and William Smith Colleges |
| --- | --- |
| Established | 2007 |
| Region | International |
| Format | British Parliamentary |
| Current champion | Stanford University |
| Website | people.hws.edu/barnes/hwsrr/ |
|  | |


title: Johnley Hatimoana

abstract: Johnley Tekiou Hatimoana, was a Solomon Islands trade unionist and politician. A graduate of the University of Bradford in England, he became a school teacher and a trade unionist in the Solomons, eventually becoming General Secretary of the Solomon Islands National Teachers Association. As such, he negotiated improvements for working conditions and benefits for teachers. He was first elected to the National Parliament of Solomon Islands in a by-election in the Ngella constituency on 27 February 2013. The by-election followed Liberal MP Mark Kemakeza's forced resignation from Parliament upon being convicted and gaoled for embezzlement. Hatimoana was elected easily, seeing off a field of nine other candidates and obtaining more than twice as many votes as his closest competitor. He sat on the benches of the Opposition to Prime Minister Gordon Darcy Lilo's government. Hatimoana was an MP for less than fourteen months. On 17 April 2014, he was taken suddenly ill with severe pneumonia, and died in hospital the following day. No by-election was needed to replace him, as the next general election was only a few months away.

text:
# Johnley Hatimoana

**Johnley Tekiou Hatimoana**, (13 November 1956 – 18 April 2014) was a Solomon Islands trade unionist and politician.

A graduate of the University of Bradford in England, he became a school teacher and a trade unionist in the Solomons, eventually becoming General Secretary of the Solomon Islands National Teachers Association. As such, he negotiated improvements for working conditions and benefits for teachers.

He was first elected to the National Parliament of Solomon Islands in a by-election in the Ngella constituency on 27 February 2013. The by-election followed Liberal MP Mark Kemakeza's forced resignation from Parliament upon being convicted and gaoled for embezzlement. Hatimoana was elected easily, seeing off a field of nine other candidates and obtaining more than twice as many votes as his closest competitor. He sat on the benches of the Opposition to Prime Minister Gordon Darcy Lilo's government.

Hatimoana was an MP for less than fourteen months. On 17 April 2014 (a day of parliamentary sitting), he was taken suddenly ill with severe pneumonia, and died in hospital the following day. No by-election was needed to replace him, as the next general election was only a few months away.

## InfoBox

| The Right HonourableJohnley HatimoanaMP | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| MP for Ngella | |
| **In office**<br>27 February 2013  18 April 2014 | |
| Preceded by | Mark Kemakeza |
| Succeeded by | *to be determined* |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 13 November 1956 |
| Died | 18 April 2014(2014-04-18) (aged 57) |
| Alma mater | University of Bradford |
|  | |


title: Mob Wars

abstract: Mob Wars is a multiplayer role-playing game hosted on the social networking site Facebook. It allows players to engage in Mafia-style wars with one another and has become one of the most lucrative Facebook applications and the first to net US$1M per month in revenue. However, this number has never been confirmed by the developer or any third parties. Developed by David Maestri while he worked for Freewebs.com, it was subsequently the subject of an unsuccessful intellectual property lawsuit as Maestri's former employers attempted to claim ownership over the asset. The lawsuit was ultimately settled in December 2008 with the IP for Mob Wars remaining with Maestri but with SGN allowed to develop their own Mafia based role-playing application. In August 2008, Mob Wars had 2.5 million active users. It has spawned several very similar games with nearly identical gameplay and format on both Facebook and MySpace, some of which, such as Zynga's Mafia Wars, were the subject of further lawsuits. Zynga made some changes to Mafia Wars so it wouldn't resemble Mob Wars as closely, but Mob Wars creator David Maestri moved forward with his lawsuit. In September 2009, Maestri and Zynga settled the case for about $7–$9 million, less than the $10 million Maestri had originally demanded.

text:
# Mob Wars

***Mob Wars*** is a multiplayer role-playing game hosted on the social networking site Facebook. It allows players to engage in Mafia-style wars with one another and has become one of the most lucrative Facebook applications and the first to net US$1M per month in revenue. However, this number has never been confirmed by the developer or any third parties.

Developed by David Maestri while he worked for Freewebs.com, it was subsequently the subject of an unsuccessful intellectual property lawsuit as Maestri's former employers attempted to claim ownership over the asset. The lawsuit was ultimately settled in December 2008 with the IP for *Mob Wars* remaining with Maestri but with SGN allowed to develop their own Mafia based role-playing application. In August 2008, Mob Wars had 2.5 million active users. It has spawned several very similar games with nearly identical gameplay and format on both Facebook and MySpace, some of which, such as Zynga's *Mafia Wars*, were the subject of further lawsuits. Zynga made some changes to *Mafia Wars* so it wouldn't resemble *Mob Wars* as closely, but Mob Wars creator David Maestri moved forward with his lawsuit. In September 2009, Maestri and Zynga settled the case for about $7–$9 million, less than the $10 million Maestri had originally demanded.

## Gameplay

*Mob Wars* is a simple role-playing game. There is no world for the player to move around in. The only type of character interaction the player experiences with other players, is either by sending them messages, weapons, and energy boosts, or attacking them. Like many Facebook applications, most of the gameplay revolves around having friends of the player join the player's mob through means made possible in the game.

The player starts off as a petty thief and works his way up to doing bigger and better paying *jobs* and *heists*. The player gains strength by equipping his mob with weapons, armor and vehicles. These can be *drops* from doing *jobs* and *heists*, gifts from friends, or they can be purchased with game money (earned by doing jobs, fighting other players, or as income from investments in properties.)

Favor Points (sub-currency also known as *Godfather points*) can be used to heal or gain more game money. They are slowly earned as the player levels up or can be gained quickly by participating in sponsor surveys or off-site membership purchases with a credit card.

Soon after the development of the game, alliances were formed by many players, to promote levelling and to organize group attacks, and to protect against those same tactics. Some families were more organized than others and these alliances would range from only a few players to hundreds. Eventually the game itself evolved to promote the family aspect of the game, giving each player's character the option of either staying on their own, creating their own family or joining another family. If the respective character is a member of an in-game family, they would be "tagged" with the family name, which would link to the family page, listing all of the mobsters in that respective family. Many of the original families created in-game family alternatives, but since they were limited to 50 members per family the groups lost many members to other newcomers. In 2012 the Family aspect of the game was improved to include a win–loss percentage in *Wars*.

## InfoBox

| Mob Wars | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | David Maestri |
| Publisher(s) | Kano/Apps |
| Platform(s) | Facebook Platform |
| Release | 2008 |
| Genre(s) | MMORPG |


title: Integration clause

abstract: In contract law, an integration clause, merger clause, is a clause in a written contract which declares that contract to be the complete and final agreement between the parties. It is often placed at or towards the end of the contract. Any pre-contractual material which the parties wish to be incorporated into the contract need to be assembled with it or explicitly referred to in the contractual documentation.

text:
# Integration clause

In contract law, an **integration clause**, **merger clause**, (sometimes, particularly in the United Kingdom, referred to as an **entire agreement clause**) is a clause in a written contract which declares that contract to be the complete and final agreement between the parties. It is often placed at or towards the end of the contract. Any pre-contractual material which the parties wish to be incorporated into the contract need to be assembled with it or explicitly referred to in the contractual documentation.

## Effect

A contract that has such a clause may be deemed an **integrated contract**, and any previous negotiations in which the parties to the contract had considered different terms will be deemed superseded by the final writing. Many modern cases, however, have found merger clauses to only a rebuttable presumption that the contract is integrated.

In the United States, the existence of such a term is normally not conclusive proof that no varied or additional conditions exist with respect to the performance of the contract beyond those that are in the writing, but instead is simply evidence of that fact.

In *Personnel Hygiene Services Ltd v Mitchell*, an England and Wales Court of Appeal case where there were two distinct contractual relationships between the parties, a service agreement superseded by a compromise agreement, and a separate share purchase agreement, the court held that the entire agreement provisions in the compromise agreement annulled the service agreement but the share purchase agreement remained intact.

## Sample clause

The following language is an example of an integration clause:

> *This agreement (together with the documents referred to herein as from time to time amended) constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the matters dealt with herein and supersedes any previous agreement between the parties in relation to such matters. Save in respect of statements made fraudulently, the parties accept that they are to have no rights or liabilities in respect of pre-contractual statements.*

## Collateral contracts

Parties in dispute may wish to argue that a previous understanding or implied agreement, made before a contract with an entire agreement was signed, should also be separately enforced as a collateral contract. Christopher Nugee QC, now a Lord Justice of Appeal, has ruled that the existence of an entire agreement clause within the main contract creates an "obvious difficulty" for a party who wishes to rely on such a separate agreement.


abstract:
IBM Software Configuration and Library Manager (SCLM) is an IBM software product that is a component of ISPF. It was first introduced with Version 3 of ISPF and was an upgrade to a previous component called LMF that was introduced in version 2 of ISPF. It is a component of MVS, OS/390 and z/OS operating systems/platforms. The SCLM consists of two products: a library manager and a configuration manager and provides the following functions:
  - Manages changes to application data
  - Performs auditing and versioning
  - Controls the movement of application data from one set of staging libraries to the next
  - Tracks application components
  - Provides an intelligent build function
  - Provides secure promote
  - Integrates with both Tivoli Information Management for z/OS and WebSphere Studio Asset Analyzer for z/OS

text:
# IBM Software Configuration and Library Manager

**IBM Software Configuration and Library Manager** (SCLM) is an IBM software product that is a component of ISPF.

It was first introduced with Version 3 of ISPF and was an upgrade to a previous component called LMF (Library Management Facility) that was introduced in version 2 of ISPF. It is a component of MVS, OS/390 and z/OS operating systems/platforms. The SCLM consists of two products: a library manager and a configuration manager and provides the following functions:

1. Manages changes to application data
2. Performs auditing and versioning
3. Controls the movement of application data from one set of staging libraries to the next (known as Promote in SCLM)
4. Tracks application components
5. Provides an intelligent build function
6. Provides secure promote
7. Integrates with both Tivoli Information Management for z/OS and WebSphere Studio Asset Analyzer for z/OS


title: Ville Järveläinen

abstract: Ville Järveläinen is a Finnish professional ice hockey player who also has the German citizenship. He is currently playing for Starbulls Rosenheim of the German DEL2. Järveläinen made his debut in the Finnish Liiga playing with HPK during the 2012–13 Liiga season. Järveläinen represented Finland at U20 level.

text:
# Ville Järveläinen

**Ville Järveläinen** (born February 24, 1993) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player who also has the German citizenship. He is currently playing for Starbulls Rosenheim of the German DEL2.

Järveläinen made his debut in the Finnish Liiga playing with HPK during the 2012–13 Liiga season. Järveläinen represented Finland at U20 level.

## InfoBox

| Ville Järveläinen | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ville Järveläinen, 2023 | | | |
| Born | (1993-02-24) February 24, 1993
Hämeenlinna, Finland | | |
| Height | 5 ft 5 in (165 cm) | | |
| Weight | 150 lb (68 kg; 10 st 10 lb) | | |
| Position | Forward | | |
| Shoots | Right | | |
| DEL2 team
Former teams | *Starbulls Rosenheim*
Green Bay Gamblers
Peliitat Heinola
HPK
SaPKo
SaiPa
Heilbronner Falken
Gentofte Stars
EHC Bayreuth
Lausitzer Füchse | | |
| NHL draft | Undrafted | | |
| Playing career | 2011present | | |


abstract: The Old Town Historic District was the second historic district in Huntsville, Alabama. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 18, 1978. Roughly bounded by Dement and Lincoln Sts., and Randolph and Walker Avenues, it features homes in a variety of styles including Victorian, Federal, Greek Revival, Queen Anne, American Craftsman, and even Prairie School with homes dating from the late 1820s through the early 20th century. The Old Town Historic District had its beginnings in 1973, when local architect Harvie Jones suggested to home owners Charles E. and Frances J. Rice that they create another district to include the 19th century homes that remained outside of the Twickenham Historic District. The Rices accordingly began obtaining the necessary petitions and documents to gain first local, then state and finally national recognition for the Old Town Historic District. They were supported in their efforts by then Huntsville mayor Joe W. Davis, Madison County Commissioner Tilman Hill, and Alabama U. S. Senator John Sparkman. The Rices were later honored by the Alabama Historical Commission for their contributions to historic preservation, and in 2009 a small park in Old Town was named after them.

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# Old Town Historic District (Huntsville, Alabama)

The **Old Town Historic District** was the second historic district in Huntsville, Alabama. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 18, 1978. Roughly bounded by Dement and Lincoln Sts., and Randolph and Walker Avenues, it features homes in a variety of styles including Victorian, Federal, Greek Revival, Queen Anne, American Craftsman, and even Prairie School with homes dating from the late 1820s through the early 20th century.

The Old Town Historic District had its beginnings in 1973, when local architect Harvie Jones suggested to home owners Charles E. and Frances J. Rice that they create another district to include the 19th century homes that remained outside of the Twickenham Historic District. The Rices accordingly began obtaining the necessary petitions and documents to gain first local, then state and finally national recognition for the Old Town Historic District. They were supported in their efforts by then Huntsville mayor Joe W. Davis, Madison County Commissioner Tilman Hill, and Alabama U. S. Senator John Sparkman. The Rices were later honored by the Alabama Historical Commission for their contributions to historic preservation, and in 2009 a small park in Old Town was named after them.

## Notable contributing properties

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Old Town Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| 700 block of Holmes Avenue | |
|  | |
| Location | Huntsville, Alabama |
| Coordinates | 34°44′7″N 86°34′50″W / 34.73528°N 86.58056°W / 34.73528; -86.58056 |
| Area | 94 acres (38 ha) |
| Architect | Multiple |
| Architectural style | Victorian, Colonial/Greek Revival, Arts and Crafts, Federal, Art Deco |
| NRHP reference No. | 78000499 (original)<br>15000069 (increase) |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | July 18, 1978 |
| Boundary increase | March 17, 2015 |


title: Herman Looman

abstract: Herman Carel Looman was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country as at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Kiel. Looman, as crew member on the Dutch 6 Metre De Ruyter, took the 8th place with helmsman Joop Carp and fellow crew members: Ansco Dokkum, Ernst Moltzer and Kees Jonker.

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# Herman Looman

**Herman Carel Looman** (8 November 1907 – December 1989) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country as at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Kiel. Looman, as crew member on the Dutch 6 Metre *De Ruyter*, took the 8th place with helmsman Joop Carp and fellow crew members: Ansco Dokkum, Ernst Moltzer and Kees Jonker.

## Sources

* "Herman Looman Bio, Stats, and Results". *Olympic Sports*. Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2014-01-08.
* "The XITH Olympic Games Berlin, 1936: Officiel Report, Volume I" (PDF). Berlin: the Organisationskomitee für die XI. Olympiade Berlin 1936 e. V. 1936. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-09. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
* "The XITH Olympic Games Berlin, 1936: Officiel Report, Volume II" (PDF). Berlin: the Organisationskomitee für die XI. Olympiade Berlin 1936 e. V. 1936. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-09. Retrieved 2014-01-23.

## InfoBox

Herman Looman
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Herman Carel Looman |
| Nationality | Dutch |
| Born | (1907-11-08)8 November 1907
Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Died | 1989(1989-00-00) (aged 81–82)
Lewisham, London, England |
|  | |
| Sailing career | |
| Class | 6 Metre |
|  | |
| Updated on 2014-01-04 | |


title: The Love Tour

abstract: The Love Tour was a tour by the Irish band Westlife seen by 390,000 fans. The tour started in Australia, and covered Africa and UK in 2007. The tour had a subtotal of £1,031,033 gross secondary ticket sales.

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# The Love Tour

**The Love Tour** was a tour by the Irish band Westlife seen by 390,000 fans. The tour started in Australia, and covered Africa and UK in 2007. The tour had a subtotal of £1,031,033 gross secondary ticket sales.

## Support acts

## Setlist

Australia/Africa 1. "Total Eclipse of the Heart"
2. "If I Let You Go"
3. "When You're Looking Like That"
4. "Mandy"
5. Medley
    1. "Everybody (Backstreet's Back)"
    2. "You Got It (The Right Stuff)"
    3. "Picture of You"
    4. "Everything Changes"
6. "Uptown Girl"
7. "You Are So Beautiful"
8. "Easy"
9. "Love Can Build a Bridge"
10. "What Makes a Man"
11. "Amazing"
12. "Unbreakable"
13. "You Raise Me Up"

Encore 1. "World of Our Own"
2. "Flying Without Wings"
3. "The Rose"
Europe 1. "Total Eclipse of the Heart"
2. "When You're Looking Like That"
3. "If I Let You Go"
4. "Mandy"
5. "You Are So Beautiful"
6. "What Makes a Man"
7. "Love Takes Two"
8. "My Love"
9. Medley
    1. "Everybody (Backstreet's Back)"
    2. "You Got It (The Right Stuff)"
    3. "Picture of You"
    4. "Everything Changes"
    5. "When Will I Be Famous?"
10. "Uptown Girl"
11. "Unbreakable"
12. "Fool Again"
13. "You Raise Me Up"
14. "World of Our Own"

Encore 1. "Flying Without Wings"
2. "The Rose"

## Tour dates

| Date | City | Country | Venue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Australia** | | | |
| 21 February 2007 | Perth | Australia | Challenge Stadium |
| 23 February 2007 | Adelaide | | Adelaide Entertainment Centre |
| 26 February 2007 | Melbourne | | Vodafone Arena |
| 27 February 2007 | Sydney | | Acer Arena |
| 28 February 2007 | Brisbane | | Brisbane Entertainment Centre |
| **Africa** | | | |
| 3 March 2007 | North West Province | South Africa | Sun City Super Bowl |
| 4 March 2007 | Johannesburg | | Helderfontein Estate |
| 6 March 2007 | Port Elizabeth | | EPRU Stadium |
| 7 March 2007 | Bloemfontein | | Goodyear Park |
| 8 March 2007 | Durban | | Westridge Park Tennis Stadium |
| 9 March 2007\[A\] | Cape Town | | River Club Golf and Conference Centre |
|
| **Europe** | | | |
| 12 March 2007 | Nottingham | England | Nottingham Arena |
| 13 March 2007 | Sheffield | | Hallam FM Arena |
| 14 March 2007 | | |
| 16 March 2007 | Manchester | | Manchester Evening News Arena |
| 17 March 2007 | | |
| 19 March 2007 | Cardiff | Wales | Cardiff International Arena |
| 20 March 2007 | | | |
| 21 March 2007 | | | |
| 23 March 2007 | Birmingham | England | NEC Arena |
| 24 March 2007 | | | |
| 25 March 2007 | Bournemouth | | Windsor Hall |
| 26 March 2007 | | |
| 28 March 2007 | Brighton | | Brighton Centre |
| 29 March 2007 | | |
| 31 March 2007 | London | | Wembley Arena |
| 1 April 2007 | | |
| 3 April 2007 | Newcastle | | Metro Radio Arena |
| 4 April 2007 | | |
| 6 April 2007 | Glasgow | Scotland | SECC Concert Hall 4 |
| 7 April 2007 | | | |
| 8 April 2007 | | | |
| 10 April 2007 | Aberdeen | | Press and Journal Arena |
| 11 April 2007 | | |
| 13 April 2007 | Belfast | Northern Ireland | Odyssey Arena |
| 14 April 2007 | | | |
| 15 April 2007 | | | |
| 16 April 2007 | | | |
| 19 April 2007 | Dublin | Ireland | Point Theatre |
| 20 April 2007 | | | |
| 21 April 2007 | | | |
| 23 April 2007 | | | |
| 24 April 2007 | | | |
| 26 April 2007 | | | |
| 27 April 2007 | | | |
| 28 April 2007 | | | |
| 2 May 2007 | | | |
| 3 May 2007 | | | |
|

Festivals and other miscellaneous performances **A** This concert was a part of "94.5 Kfm's Night of the Superstars" Cancellations and rescheduled shows

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 March 2007 | Manzini, Swaziland | Mavuso Sports Centre | Cancelled |
|

## InfoBox

The Love Tour
| Tour by Westlife | |
| --- | --- |
| Start date | 21 February 2007 |
| End date | 3 May 2007 |
| No. of shows | 48 |
| Westlife concert chronology | |


title: Wanderer (video game)

abstract: Wanderer is a 1986 action video game developed by Lankhor and published by Pyramide Soft. It was released on Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Atari ST, Commodore 64, Sinclair QL, and ZX Spectrum. The game was authored by Béatrice & Jean-Luc Langlois. It has the distinction of being Lankhor's first game. It was edited by Pyramid for QL and Atari ST, and then licensed to Elite. Wanderer 3D was released by Encore in 1990.

text:
# Wanderer (video game)

***Wanderer*** is a 1986 action video game developed by Lankhor and published by Pyramide Soft. It was released on Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Atari ST, Commodore 64, Sinclair QL, and ZX Spectrum. The game was authored by Béatrice & Jean-Luc Langlois. It has the distinction of being Lankhor's first game. It was edited by Pyramid for QL and Atari ST, and then licensed to Elite. ***Wanderer 3D*** was released by Encore in 1990.

## Plot

Set in a future where cats have become very valuable, the protagonist's cat has been kidnapped and the kidnapper is asking for an 8000 cat ransom. The player has to visit planets, barter cats, and play a card game to win cats. Visiting new planets engages a straight action sequence of shooting all enemy ships.

## Reception

*The Games Machine* felt that gameplay was slow and repetitious, and relied too heavily on an average 3D effect. *Computer and Video Games* felt the overused 3D effect didn't make up for the vacuous gameplay. *ZZap!64* criticised the boring gameplay and underused 3D.

## InfoBox

| Wanderer | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Lankhor |
| Publisher(s) | Pyramide Soft |
| Platform(s) | Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Atari ST, Commodore 64, Sinclair QL, ZX Spectrum |
| Release | * WW: 1986 |
| Genre(s) | Action |


abstract: The Poland women's national under-20 basketball team is a national basketball team of Poland, administered by the Polish Basketball Association. It represents the country in women's international under-20 basketball competitions.

text:
# Poland women's national under-20 basketball team

The **Poland women's national under-20 basketball team** is a national basketball team of Poland, administered by the Polish Basketball Association. It represents the country in women's international under-20 basketball competitions.

## FIBA U20 Women's EuroBasket participations

## InfoBox

Poland
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| FIBA zone | FIBA Europe |
| National federation | Polish Basketball Association |
| U20 EuroBasket | |
| Appearances | 18 |
| Medals | ***Silver:*** 1 (2005)<br>***Bronze:*** 1 (2011) |
| U20 EuroBasket Division B | |
| Appearances | 2 |
| Medals | ***Silver:*** 1 (2008) |


title: Glossomastix

abstract: Glossomastix is a genus of heterokont. It includes a single species, Glossomastix chrysoplasta.

text:
# Glossomastix

***Glossomastix*** is a genus of heterokont.

It includes a single species, ***Glossomastix chrysoplasta***.

## InfoBox

| *Glossomastix* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| *Clade*: | Diaphoretickes |
| *Clade*: | SAR |
| *Clade*: | Stramenopiles |
| Phylum: | Gyrista |
| Subphylum: | Ochrophytina |
| Class: | Pinguiophyceae |
| Order: | Pinguiochrysidales |
| Family: | Pinguiochrysidaceae |
| Genus: | *Glossomastix*
C.J.O'Kelly |
| Species: | ***G. chrysoplasta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Glossomastix chrysoplasta***
C.J.O'Kelly | |
|


title: Integration competency center

abstract: An integration competency center (ICC), sometimes referred to as an integration center of excellence (COE), is a shared service function providing methodical data integration, system integration, or enterprise application integration within organizations, particularly large corporations and public sector institutions. Data integration allows companies to access their enterprise data and functions, fragmented across disparate systems, in order to create a combined, accurate, and consistent view of their core information as well as process assets and leverage them across the enterprise to drive business decisions and operations. System integration is the bringing together of component subsystems into one system and ensuring that they function together effectively. Enterprise application integration enables efficient information exchanges and business process automation across separate computer applications in a cohesive fashion.

text:
# Integration competency center

An **integration competency center** (ICC), sometimes referred to as an **integration center of excellence** (COE), is a shared service function providing methodical data integration, system integration, or enterprise application integration within organizations, particularly large corporations and public sector institutions.

Data integration allows companies to access their enterprise data and functions, fragmented across disparate systems, in order to create a combined, accurate, and consistent view of their core information as well as process assets and leverage them across the enterprise to drive business decisions and operations. System integration is the bringing together of component subsystems into one system and ensuring that they function together effectively. Enterprise application integration enables efficient information exchanges and business process automation across separate computer applications in a cohesive fashion.

## Overview

The term may be better understood by examining each of the three words that comprise the acronym. **Integration** refers to the objective of the ICC to take a holistic perspective and optimize certain qualities such as cost efficiency, organizational agility and effectiveness, operational risk, customer (internal or external) experience, etc. across multiple functional groups. **Competency** refers to the expertise, knowledge or capability that the ICC offers as services. **Center** means that the service is managed or coordinated from a common (central) point independent from the functional areas that it supports.

Large organizations are usually sub-divided into functional areas such as marketing, sales, distribution, finance, human resources to name just a few. These functional groups have separate operations and are *vertically integrated* and are therefore sometimes referred to as "silos" or "stovepipes". From an organizational perspective, an ICC is a group of people with special skills, who are centrally coordinated, and offer services to accomplish a mission that requires separate functional areas to work together.

Key objectives of an ICC are:

* Lead and support enterprise integration (data, system and process) projects with the cooperation/coordination of subject matter experts
* Promote Enterprise integration as a formal discipline. For example, data integration will include data warehousing, data migration, data quality management, data integration for service oriented architecture deployments, and data synchronization. Similar system integration will include common messaging services, business service virtualization etc.
* Develop staff specialists in integration processes and operations and leverage their expertise company-wide
* Assess and select integration technology and tools from the marketplace
* Manage integration pilots and projects across the organization
* Optimize integration investments across the enterprise level
* Leverage economies of scale for the integration tools portfolio at enterprise level

ICCs allow companies to:

* Optimize scarce resources by combining integration skills, resources, and processes into one group
* Reduce project delivery times and development and maintenance costs through effectiveness and efficiency
* Improve ROI through creation and reuse of enterprise assets like source definitions, application interfaces, and codified business rules
* Decrease duplication of integration related effort across the enterprise
* Build on past successes instead of reinventing the wheel with each project
* Lower total technology cost of ownership by leveraging technology investments across multiple projects

An ICC may be a temporary group in support of a program or a permanent part of the organization. Furthermore, ICC's can be established at various scales or levels, within a division of a company, at the enterprise level, or across multiple companies in a supply chain.

## History

The term "integration competency center" and its acronym ICC was popularized by Roy Schulte of Gartner in a series of articles and conference presentations beginning in 2001 with *The Integration Competency Center*. He picked up the term from one of his colleagues, Gary Long, who found some of his clients using it (they took the established term “competency center” and applied it to integration). Prior to that (from 1997 to 2001) Gartner had been referring to it as the *central integration team*. The concept itself (even before it was given a label) goes back to 1996 in one of Gartner's first reports on integration.

A major milestone was the publication in 2005 of the first book on the topic: *Integration Competency Center: An Implementation Methodology* by *John G. Schmidt* and *David Lyle*. The book introduced five ICC organizational models and explored the people, process and technology dimensions of ICC's. Several reviews of the book can be found at IT Toolbox and at Amazon. The concept of integration as a competency in the IT domain has now survived for over 10 years and appears to be picking up momentum and broad-based acceptance.

These days, ICCs are often called, integration center of excellence, SOA center of excellence, the data management center of excellence and other variants. The most advanced ICCs are using Lean Integration practices to optimize end-to-end processes and to drive continuous improvements. Universities are also beginning to include integration topics in their MBA programs and computer science curricula. For example, The College of Information Sciences and Technology at Penn State University has established an Enterprise Informatics and Integration Center with the following mission:

"*The Enterprise Informatics and Integration Center (EI²) will actively engage industry, non-profit, and government agency leaders to address critical issues in enterprise processes, knowledge management, and decision making.*"

## Operating models

There are a number of ways an ICC can be organized and a wide range of responsibilities with which it can be chartered. The ICC book introduced five ICC organizational models and explored the people, process and technology dimensions of ICCs. They include:

### Best practices ICC

The primary function of this ICC model is to document best practices. It does not include a central support or development team to implement those standards across projects, and probably not metadata either. To implement a best practices ICC, companies need a flexible development environment that supports diverse teams and that enables the team to enhance and extend existing systems and processes. Such a team might be a subset of an existing enterprise architecture capability and generally consists of a small number of staff (1–5).

### Standard services ICC

A standard services ICC provides the same knowledge leverage as a best-practices ICC but enforces technical consistency in software development and hardware choices. A standard services ICC focuses on processes, including standardizing and enforcing naming conventions, establishing metadata standards, instituting change management procedures, and providing standards training. This type of ICC also reviews emerging technologies, selects vendors, and manages hardware and software systems. This style of ICC is often tightly linked with the enterprise architecture team and may be slightly larger than a typical best practices ICC.

### Shared services ICC

A shared services ICC provides a supported technical environment and services ranging from development support all the way through to a help desk for projects in production. This type of ICC is significantly more complex than a best practices or Standard Services model. It establishes processes for knowledge management, including product training, standards enforcement, technology benchmarking, and metadata management, and it facilitates impact analysis, software quality, and effective use of developer resources across projects. The organizational structure of a Shared Services ICC is sometimes referred to as a hybrid or federated model which often includes a small central coordinating team plus dotted-line reporting relationships with multiple distributed teams.

### Central services ICC

A central services ICC controls integration across the enterprise. It carries out the same processes as the other models, but in addition usually has its own budget and a charge-back methodology. It also offers more support for development projects, providing management, development resources, data profiling, data quality, and unit testing. Because a central services ICC is more involved in development activities than the other models, it requires a production operator and a data integration developer. The staff in a central services ICC does not necessarily need to be a central location and may be distributed geographically; the important distinction is that the staffs have a solid-line reporting relationship to the ICC Director. The size of these teams can vary and may be as large as 10%-15% of the IT staff in an organization.

### Self-service ICC

The self-service ICC represents the highest level of maturity in an organization. The ICC itself may be almost invisible in that its functions are so ingrained in the day-to-day systems development life cycle and its operations are so tightly integrated with the infrastructure that it may require only small central team to sustain itself. This ICC model achieves both a highly efficient operation and provides an environment where independent development and innovation can flourish. This goal is achieved by strict enforcement of a set of application integration standards through automated processes enabled by tools and systems.

## Key challenges

ICC as a concept is fairly simple. It is embodiment of the IT management best practices to deliver shared services. However, being an organizational concept, it is far more challenging to implement in practice than the conceptual view because every organization has different DNA, and it takes specific personalization/ICCcustomization effort for ICC that makes the ICC initiative successful. Here are some of the common challenges in ICC establishment journey:

* Change management in terms of technology, processes, organization structure
* Ability of the organization to deal with the pace and quantum of change
* Alignment of stakeholders and process owners for ICC strategy
* Inappropriate ownership level for ICC program and lack of senior management sponsorship
* Highly tactical focus and business program level constraints
* Ignoring foundation elements and jumping to implementation directly
* Inappropriate funding

These issues are important to consider when embarking on the ICC investment since the last leg of the implementation of ICC that's what matters most. Intellectual definition of ICC that is not implemented in the organization has no real value for the enterprise.

1. John G. Schmidt and David Lyle (2005), *Integration Competency Center, An Implementation Methodology,* ISBN 0-9769163-0-4

## Further reading

* Maurizio Lenzerini (2002). "Data Integration: A Theoretical Perspective". PODS 2002: 243–246.


title: Antonio Morelli

abstract: Antonio Morelli (1904-1974) was a producer, arranger, bandleader, movie producer, and conductor most well known for serving as orchestra leader for the famous Sands Hotel Copa Room in its Rat Pack heyday from 1954 through 1971. He was music director, band leader, and friend to some of the biggest names in show business for twenty years and is credited with bringing classical music to Las Vegas. He was also a songwriter, arranger, and music director for several Broadway musicals, and beloved for his devotion to philanthropic endeavors in his community most notably founding The Las Vegas Pops.

text:
# Antonio Morelli

**Antonio Morelli** (1904-1974) was a producer, arranger, bandleader, movie producer, and conductor most well known for serving as orchestra leader for the famous Sands Hotel Copa Room in its Rat Pack heyday from 1954 through 1971. He was music director, band leader, and friend to some of the biggest names in show business for twenty years and is credited with bringing classical music to Las Vegas. He was also a songwriter, arranger, and music director for several Broadway musicals, and beloved for his devotion to philanthropic endeavors in his community most notably founding The Las Vegas Pops.

## Musical legacy

Dean Martin ("Live At The Sands - An Evening of Music, Laughter and Hard Liquor") Frank Sinatra (*Sinatra at the Sands*), Sammy Davis Jr. (*The Sounds of '66*, *That's All!*), Tommy Sands, Nat King Cole and Count Basie (a posthumous set, also recorded during the *Sinatra at the Sands* stand) were among those who recorded live albums at the Sands. The albums feature credits to many of the legendary musicians who performed on the albums and at the Copa Room and to band leader, producer, and musical conductor Antonio Morelli who appeared on hundreds of such albums by these artists throughout the 1950s and 60s.

The greatest names in the entertainment industry graced the Copa Room Stage (the showroom at the Sands, named after the famed Copacabana Club in New York City) including Judy Garland, Lena Horne, (she was billed at the Sands as "The Satin Doll") Jimmy Durante, Marlene Dietrich, Tallulah Bankhead, Bobby Darin, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis, along with "The Copa Girls". These were only a few of the legendary entertainers to not only perform at the Sands, but in all the showrooms along the Strip, from the late 1940s until the early 1990s. The public could sit ringside in a showroom holding no more than five hundred, paying as little as three dollars in the 50s up to $25.50 in the early 90s for the likes of Liza Minnelli, Shirley MacLaine and Diana Ross. Much of the musical success of the Copa Room is credited to the room's band leader and musical conductor Antonio Morelli. Morelli not only acted as the band leader and musical conductor for the Copa Room during the Hotel's Rat Pack heyday in the 1950s and 60s, he also played that role on hundreds of recorded albums by those same entertainers who graced the stage of the Copa including Frank Sinatra, Sammy Davis Jr., Tony Bennett, Dean Martin, and many others. Often the festivities would carry over after hours to Morrelli's home in Las Vegas, nicknamed "The Morelli House, which was eventually relocated and sanctioned an historical landmark by the State of Nevada.

The house is famous for being the home of Sands Hotel band leader and musical conductor Antonio Morelli and his wife Helen during the Rat Pack heyday of the 1950s and 60s. For thirty years it served as an after-hours congregating spot for some of the biggest names in entertainment including Frank Sinatra, Sammy Davis Jr., Dean Martin, Tony Bennett, Nat King Cole, Judy Garland, and many other famous names in show business. Morelli was very active in music circles in Nevada and he and his wife were also very active in various charitable causes through the years. The house also has great significance for its mid-century modern architecture and because it was the only remaining home from the Desert Inn Estates, the community demolished to make way for the Wynn Las Vegas resort.

"Every city in the late '50s all had major nightclub entertainment," said Frank Leone, president of the Musicians Union of Las Vegas, Local 369, AFM. "Playing the Sands was the pinnacle of an entertainer's career. Only the best musicians were in Morelli's orchestra. Partly, that's what makes it such a historically significant era in this town. This performance will be a celebration of the birth of that kind of entertainment and the history of Las Vegas."

Not only did the musical legacy of Antonio Morelli live on in the preservation and designation of his home as an historical landmark, and through hundreds of recorded albums, but through his blood line as well. Morelli is the great uncle of contemporary singer-songwriter and recording artist Ed Hale who often cites the influence and impact that his "Uncle Tony" had on him as a very young child in relation to music.

## InfoBox

| Antonio Morelli | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | Tony Morelli |
| Born | July 22, 1904
Rochester, New York |
| Origin | Rochester, New York, Erie, Pennsylvania, United States, Milan, Italy |
| Died | June 17, 1974
Las Vegas, Nevada |
| Genres | Big Band |
| Occupation(s) | Musical Conductor, Musician, Bandleader, Producer, Arranger |
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| Website |  |