title: Gawley's Gate

abstract: Gawley's Gate is a small village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is situated on the south-eastern shore of Lough Neagh, seven miles to the north of Lurgan and ten miles west of Lisburn. It has a jetty and picnic areas, popular amongst many boating enthusiasts on the Lough. It consists of a small number of houses in close proximity; however, it is a focal point for much of the countryside on the shore of Lough Neagh from Glenavy to Aghagallon. The rural location means that much of the community is involved in farming in some capacity as well as fishing. The landscape is quite wet with marshland in places and dense woods giving way to cleared hillocks or 'islands' where settlements have developed. It also a popular destination with wildfowlers and birdwatchers due to the habitat which exists particularly around the RSPB sanctuary at nearby Portmore Lough. The name "Gawley's Gate" is attributed to the family that controlled the toll gate when this section of the road was first constructed in the 17th century. The quay and picnic area at Gawley's Gate was constructed with funding from the European Peace Programme and was opened by the First Minister David Trimble and Agriculture Minister Bríd Rodgers on 7 May 2007. There has been ongoing residential development in the area in recent years, with three separate developments being constructed: Loughview, Bayview and James Lodge. In total these three developments would have about 100 houses. Until recently there was a small shop, a post office and a petrol station beside the Gate Inn; however, the Post Office closed in the late 1990s, and the shop closed shortly afterwards.

text:
# Gawley's Gate

**Gawley's Gate** (From Irish *Geata Mhic Amhlaí*) is a small village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is situated on the south-eastern shore of Lough Neagh, seven miles to the north of Lurgan and ten miles west of Lisburn. It has a jetty and picnic areas, popular amongst many boating enthusiasts on the Lough. It consists of a small number of houses in close proximity; however, it is a focal point for much of the countryside on the shore of Lough Neagh from Glenavy to Aghagallon. The rural location means that much of the community is involved in farming in some capacity as well as fishing. The landscape is quite wet with marshland in places and dense woods giving way to cleared hillocks or 'islands' where settlements have developed. It also a popular destination with wildfowlers and birdwatchers due to the habitat which exists particularly around the RSPB sanctuary at nearby Portmore Lough.

The name "Gawley's Gate" is attributed to the family that controlled the toll gate when this section of the road was first constructed in the 17th century.

The quay and picnic area at Gawley's Gate was constructed with funding from the European Peace Programme and was opened by the First Minister David Trimble and Agriculture Minister Bríd Rodgers on 7 May 2007.

There has been ongoing residential development in the area in recent years, with three separate developments being constructed: Loughview, Bayview and James Lodge. In total these three developments would have about 100 houses. Until recently there was a small shop, a post office and a petrol station beside the Gate Inn; however, the Post Office closed in the late 1990s, and the shop closed shortly afterwards.

54°32′29″N 6°19′08″W / 54.54139°N 6.31889°W / 54.54139; -6.31889

## InfoBox

| Gawley's Gate* Irish: *Geata Mhic Amhlaí* | |
| --- | --- |
| Gawley's GateLocation within Northern Ireland | |
| Belfast | 17 mi (27 km) |
| Dublin | 80 mi (130 km) |
| District |  |
| County |  |
| Country | Northern Ireland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | CRAIGAVON |
| Postcode district | BT67 |
| Dialling code | 028 |
| UK Parliament |  |
| NI Assembly |  |
|


title: Gawler railway station

abstract: Gawler railway station is located on the Gawler line. Situated in the South Australian town of Gawler, it is 39.8 kilometres (24.7 mi) from Adelaide station.

text:
# Gawler railway station

**Gawler railway station** is located on the Gawler line. Situated in the South Australian town of Gawler, it is 39.8 kilometres (24.7 mi) from Adelaide station.

## History

Gawler station opened in 1857 as the terminus of the Gawler line. It was built on pastoral land owned by the local parliamentary member of the period. The original platform building was replaced in 1879. Subsequently, a horse-drawn tram serviced Gawler's main street (Murray Street), almost a kilometre away. The tramway handled both passengers and goods, with several goods sidings, and a connection to the main line to facilitate the delivery of locomotives built by James Martin & Co. The railway was extended to Roseworthy and Kapunda in 1860 then to Morgan in 1878.

With the opening of the Barossa Valley line in 1911, Gawler became a junction station, and North Gawler station (now named Gawler Central) was built which eventually led to closure of the tramway. Further branches from both railway lines meant Gawler Station was quite busy. Neither line is now used beyond the metropolitan transit, and the current station contains a kiosk and three platforms. South of the station, lie stabling sidings for Adelaide Metro's rolling stock. The station marks the end of the double track section from Adelaide, with the line becoming single track just north of the station.

The Gawler Lions Club has adopted the station for restoration work. It now houses an art gallery, displaying local artists, and is open on weekends. The club also successfully lobbied for a steam engine built by James Martin & Sons, previously located on Thomas Terrace between the Gawler Oval and Gawler Central stations. The locomotive is also in the process of being restored. An upgrade of the station was completed in March 2012: the heritage train shed was dismantled for restoration off-site, both platforms were upgraded, and a new toilet was installed.

Railway electrification to Gawler began in 2018 and was completed in June 2022 following delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022 state election.

## Platforms and Services

Gawler has one side platform and one island platform, and is serviced by Adelaide Metro. It is a designated high-frequency station, with trains scheduled every 15 minutes on weekdays, between 7:30am and 6:30pm.

| Platform | Destination/s | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Gawler Central/Adelaide | Mostly used for terminating services from Adelaide, no passenger services during weekends |
| 2 | Gawler Central/Adelaide | Mostly used in peak hours during weekdays, also some terminating services from Adelaide, no passenger services during weekends |
| 3 | Gawler Central/Adelaide | Mostly used for services to Adelaide and Gawler Central, all passenger services use this platform during weekends |

| **Bus Transfers: Stop 146 Gawler railway station** | |
| --- | --- |
| **Route No.** | **Destination & Route Details** |
| **491** | Willaston and Hewett loop, via Murray St, Osprey Pde and Gawler Town Centre |
| **492** | Gawler East loop, via Gawler Town Centre
Route 429A is anti-clockwise and 429C is clockwise |
| **493** | Evanston loop, via Evanston Park, Tambelin Station and Gawler Town Centre |
| **810** | Gawler to Angaston
Service is operated by LinkSA |
| **811** | Evanston and Gawler to Angaston via Lyndoch and Williamstown
Service is operated by LinkSA |

The station building has appeared in a number of films and television shows, including *The Shiralee* and *McLeod's Daughters*.

## InfoBox

| Gawler | |
| --- | --- |
| Southbound view of the station building and platform, October 2012 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Twentythird Street, Gawler South |
| Coordinates | 34°36′30″S 138°44′23″E / 34.60833°S 138.73972°E / -34.60833; 138.73972 |
| Owned by | Department for Infrastructure & Transport |
| Operated by | Adelaide Metro; originally South Australian Railways |
| Line(s) | Gawler |
| Distance | 39.8 km from Adelaide |
| Platforms | 3 |
| Tracks | 3 |
| Connections | Bus  Regional Bus |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Ground |
| Parking | Yes |
| Bicycle facilities | Yes |
| Accessible | Yes |
| Other information | |
| Station code | 16517 (to City)
18559 (to Gawler Central) |
| Website | Adelaide Metro |
| History | |
| Opened | 1857 |
| Rebuilt | 1872 & 2012 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station Adelaide Metro Following station  Gawler Racecoursetowards Adelaide  Gawler line  Gawler Ovaltowards Gawler Central   Preceding station Aurizon Following station  Gawler Racecoursetowards Adelaide  Roseworthy-Peterborough railway line  Roseworthytowards Peterborough | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Torsten Suel

abstract:
Torsten Suel is a professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the New York University Tandon School of Engineering. He received his Ph.D. in 1994 from the University of Texas at Austin under the supervision of Greg Plaxton. He works on the subjects of implementation of bulk synchronous parallel computation, streaming algorithms for histograms, join operations in databases, distributed algorithms for dominating sets, and web crawler algorithms.
A conference paper he co-authored in 2011 introduces fast retrieval techniques that were integrated into the Apache Lucene search engine library.

text:
# Torsten Suel

**Torsten Suel** is a professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the New York University Tandon School of Engineering. He received his Ph.D. in 1994 from the University of Texas at Austin under the supervision of Greg Plaxton. He works on the subjects of implementation of bulk synchronous parallel computation, streaming algorithms for histograms, join operations in databases, distributed algorithms for dominating sets, and web crawler algorithms. A conference paper he co-authored in 2011 introduces fast retrieval techniques that were integrated into the Apache Lucene search engine library.

## Selected bibliography

According to Google Scholar's citation list, Suel has 34 journal articles or conference proceedings cited 34 or more times. His five highest cited peer-reviewed papers and IEEE conference proceedings are:

* Jonathan Hill, Bill McColl, Dan C Stefanescu, Mark W Goudreau, Kevin Lang, Satish B Rao, Torsten Suel, Thanasis Tsantilas, Rob H Bisseling, "BSPlib: The BSP programming library" *Parallel Computing* 24(13), pp. 1947–1980. (1999) Cited 352 times according to Google Scholar; Cited 99 times in Scopus,
* HV Jagadish, Nick Koudas, S Muthukrishnan, Viswanath Poosala, Ken Sevcik, Torsten Suel "Optimal histograms with quality guarantees" *Proceedings of the International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (2002) pp. 275–286, IEEE, cited 325 times, according to Google Scholar
* Vladislav Shkapenyuk, Torsten Suel "Design and implementation of a high-performance distributed web crawler" pp. 357–368 *Data Engineering 2002: Proceedings. 18th International Conference on Data Engineering*, IEEE,(2002) Cited 240 times, according to Google Scholar
* Lujun Jia, Rajmohan Rajaraman, Torsten Suel, "An efficient distributed algorithm for constructing small dominating sets" *Distributed Computing* 15(3) pp. 193–205 (2002) Cited 188 times, according to Google Scholar.
* Lars Arge, Octavian Procopiuc, Sridhar Ramaswamy, Torsten Suel, Jeffrey Scott Vitter, "Scalable sweeping-based spatial join" *Proceedings Of The International Conference On Very Large Data Bases* pp. 570–581 IEEE, 1998. Cited 173 times, according to Google Scholar.

## InfoBox

| Torsten Suel | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | April 7, 1966 |
| Nationality | German |
| Alma mater | Braunschweig University of Technology, Germany<br>University of Texas at Austin |
| Awards | Best paper award of 14th ACM World Wide Web Conference (2005) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Computer Scientist |
| Institutions | New York University Tandon School of Engineering |
| Doctoral advisor | Charles Gregory Plaxton |
|  | |


title: Torsten Stålnacke

abstract: Torsten Emanuel Stålnacke was a Swedish United Nations soldier and Swedish Army överfurir, mostly known for his actions during the Congo Crisis in 1961.

text:
# Torsten Stålnacke

**Torsten Emanuel Stålnacke** (31 December 1933 – 4 August 2012) was a Swedish United Nations soldier and Swedish Army *överfurir*, mostly known for his actions during the Congo Crisis in 1961.

## Early life

Stålnacke was born in Svappavaara, Sweden and did his military service at Norrbotten Regiment (I 19) in Boden.

## UN service

He served with the rank of *furir* in the first two Swedish UN battalions in Suez-Gaza from 1956 to 1957 as part of UNEF. In Congo, he belonged to Battalion XIIK in 1961.

Stålnacke became known during the Congo Crisis for his gallant conduct in action on 14 September 1961. In connection with repelling a Gendarmerie armoured car attack on the refugee camp, and their nearby depot, two of his comrades were shocked and Stålnacke advanced by himself against an enemy firing position, armed with a Carl Gustav recoilless rifle. He took out an enemy armoured car and a number of enemies before his jaw was shot to pieces. His chin hung down to his chest and he was suffocating. With his fingers he cleared the throat from bone fragments and pulled the tongue up, thereby able to breath again. During the retreat, and with whistling bullets around him, Stålnacke kept his chin up with one hand and held the recoilless rifle with the other and managed with hand gestures and kicks get his two badly shocked comrades with him from the battlefield. Because of fighting around the Italian Red Cross hospital in the centre of Élisabethville, the ambulance could not drive all the way to it. The last hundred meters Stålnacke and his comrades had to run to the hospital under the protection of the house walls.

The Italian chief medical director Giuseppe Cipolat who initiated the treatment of Stålnacke in Élisabethville, said to colonel Jonas Wærn: "I served as a field medic in World War II, including the desert battles of Tobruk, and have taken care of wounded soldiers from many countries but I have never met a soldier who showed such courage and willpower as Torsten Stålnacke did." Stålnacke was awarded the Vasa Medal on 10 May 1962 for gallantry.

Until spring 1963, Stålnacke had undergone 18 operations. Though he was never fully recovered, he served in the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus during the years 1965 to 1968.

All in all he underwent 33 operations for his injuries at the Karolinska Hospital in Stockholm.

## Later life

After Stålnacke's time in the military, he ran a tavern in Helsingborg until 1972 when he bought the pension *Pelikanen* in Sälen which he ran until his retirement in 2003. On 29 May 2012, on the Swedish Veterans Day he was awarded with the Swedish Armed Forces Medal for Wounded in Battle. The medal was awarded because of the injuries he sustained in the battle in Congo on 14 September 1961.

## Personal life

Stålnacke was living with his partner Marianne and he had a daughter, Susanne. His biggest interests included berry picking, fishing and hunting.

## Death

Stålnacke died in his home on 4 August 2012 and was buried on 24 August in Svappavaara cemetery.

## Awards and decorations

## InfoBox

| Torsten Stålnacke | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Torsten Emanuel Stålnacke |
| Nickname(s) | "Stålis" |
| Born | (1933-12-31)31 December 1933
Svappavaara, Sweden |
| Died | 4 August 2012(2012-08-04) (aged 78)
Sälen, Sweden |
| Allegiance | Sweden |
| Service/branch | Swedish Army |
| Rank | Överfurir |
| Battles/wars | UNEF (1956–57)
ONUC (1961)
UNFICYP (1965–1968) |
| Awards | Vasa Medal
Swedish Armed Forces Medal for Wounded in Battle |


title: Metallolophia stueningi

abstract: Metallolophia stueningi is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Hong-Xiang Han and Da-Yong Xue in 2004. It is found in China.

text:
# Metallolophia stueningi

***Metallolophia stueningi*** is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Hong-Xiang Han and Da-Yong Xue in 2004. It is found in China.

## InfoBox

| *Metallolophia stueningi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Geometridae |
| Genus: | *Metallolophia* |
| Species: | ***M. stueningi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Metallolophia stueningi***<br>Han & Xue, \[2004\] | |
|


title: Tote (footballer)

abstract: Jorge López Marco, known as Tote, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a forward. He amassed Segunda División totals of 187 games and 31 goals over the course of six seasons, almost exclusively with Hércules. In La Liga he appeared for Real Madrid, Valladolid, Betis, Málaga and Hércules, adding 88 matches and ten goals in a 15-year professional career.

text:
# Tote (footballer)

**Jorge López Marco** (born 23 November 1978), known as **Tote**, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a forward.

He amassed Segunda División totals of 187 games and 31 goals over the course of six seasons, almost exclusively with Hércules. In La Liga he appeared for Real Madrid, Valladolid, Betis, Málaga and Hércules, adding 88 matches and ten goals in a 15-year professional career.

## Club career

After beginning his football grooming with Atlético Madrid, Madrid-born Tote moved crosstown in 1993, joining Real Madrid's youth ranks. Playing mainly with its B-side after having begun with Real Madrid C, he received his first-team debut on 8 May 1999, as a late substitute in a 2–3 away loss against Real Sociedad.

After an unsuccessful loan stint in Portugal with S.L. Benfica, Tote was definitely promoted to the main squad, but only appeared in three games during the season as Real were crowned champions. The following year he was again loaned, now to Real Valladolid, and developed into a La Liga player, scoring his first goal against Málaga CF on 16 September 2001 (2–1 away win); one month later he added a hat-trick, in a 4–1 triumph at Athletic Bilbao.

Returning to Real, Tote only made one league appearance, at Recreativo de Huelva, being subsequently sold to Real Betis on a five-year contract. Injuries and loss of form soon made him surplus to requirements and, during the 2005 January transfer window, he was loaned to neighbouring Málaga, where he failed to produce.

After a quick return spell with Valladolid, Tote signed a two-year link with another second division club, Hércules CF. In the 2009–10 campaign he contributed with four goals in 35 matches (2,439 minutes) as the Alicante team returned to the top division, after 13 years.

In early March 2011, during the second half of an eventual 1–2 home loss to UD Almería, Tote suffered a severe knee injury from which he never fully recovered. Hércules was eventually relegated as 19th, and he retired in the summer of 2012 at the age of 33 after not having his contract renewed.

## Honours

**Real Madrid**

## InfoBox

Tote
| Tote playing for Hércules in 2010 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Jorge López Marco | | |
| Date of birth | (1978-11-23) 23 November 1978 | | |
| Place of birth | Madrid, Spain | | |
| Height | 1.77 m (5 ft 9+12 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1986–1987 | Los Yébenes SB | | |
| 1987–1993 | Atlético Madrid | | |
| 1993–1997 | Real Madrid | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1997–1998 | Real Madrid C | 30 | (20) |
| 1998–1999 | Real Madrid B | 29 | (4) |
| 1999–2003 | Real Madrid | 5 | (0) |
| 1999–2000 | Benfica (loan) | 7 | (0) |
| 2001–2002 | Valladolid (loan) | 36 | (7) |
| 2003–2005 | Betis | 17 | (2) |
| 2005 | Málaga (loan) | 9 | (0) |
| 2005–2006 | Valladolid | 30 | (3) |
| 2006–2012 | Hércules | 179 | (29) |
| Total |  | **342** | **(65)** |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Tote Sport Radio

abstract: Tote Sport Radio was a statewide radio network based in Tasmania. It was owned by Tote Tasmania. It was included in the sale of Tote Tasmania to Tatts Group, and as a result the radio network was integrated into its other radio operations. Tote Sport Radio broadcasts were largely a relay of RSN Racing & Sport in Melbourne, although some syndicated programming was broadcast on the Launceston frequency. Tote Sport Radio broadcast live commentary of thoroughbred, harness and greyhound racing along with race form and betting information. Other sports were also covered in breakfast and weekend programming.

text:
# Tote Sport Radio

**Tote Sport Radio** was a statewide radio network based in Tasmania. It was owned by Tote Tasmania. It was included in the sale of Tote Tasmania to Tatts Group, and as a result the radio network was integrated into its other radio operations.

Tote Sport Radio broadcasts were largely a relay of RSN Racing & Sport in Melbourne, although some syndicated programming was broadcast on the Launceston frequency. Tote Sport Radio broadcast live commentary of thoroughbred, harness and greyhound racing along with race form and betting information. Other sports were also covered in breakfast and weekend programming.

## Frequencies

A narrowcast relay on 87.6 FM was broadcast in the following towns: Bicheno, Queenstown, Rosebery, Strahan, St Helens, St Marys, Smithton and Zeehan.

## InfoBox

Tote Sports Radio
| Broadcast area | Tasmania |
| --- | --- |
| Frequency | See below |
| Programming | |
| Format | Racing and sport |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Tote Tasmania |


title: Marinda Lemert

abstract: Marinda R. Lemert was a 19th-century American religious writer, associated with the Restoration Movement. Lemert was an early proponent for the expanded role of women in the church within the Disciples of Christ. A regular contributor to the Apostolic Guide, Marinda's writings focused on evangelism and the ordination of women. Her writings were also critical of the inadequate financial support for missions, and she referred to the American Christian Review as an "anti-missionary" publication. Lemert's writing caused R.B. Neal, editor of the Gospel Advocate, to note the controversial nature of her writings. Neal wrote, "She is indeed and in truth without a peer among the sisters of this Restoration as a Polemic." Lemert devoted the final years of her life to composing theological arguments supporting the ordination of women. Writing in the Apostolic Guide in 1888, she argued, "The doctrine that seals woman's lips in the church assembled...is a heresy...It impeaches the wisdom of God."

text:
# Marinda Lemert

**Marinda R. Lemert** (4 March 1811 – 29 September 1891) was a 19th-century American religious writer, associated with the Restoration Movement. Lemert was an early proponent for the expanded role of women in the church within the Disciples of Christ.

A regular contributor to the *Apostolic Guide*, Marinda's writings focused on evangelism and the ordination of women. Her writings were also critical of the inadequate financial support for missions, and she referred to the *American Christian Review* as an "anti-missionary" publication. Lemert's writing caused R.B. Neal, editor of the *Gospel Advocate*, to note the controversial nature of her writings. Neal wrote, "She is indeed and in truth without a peer among the sisters of this Restoration as a Polemic."

Lemert devoted the final years of her life to composing theological arguments supporting the ordination of women. Writing in the *Apostolic Guide* in 1888, she argued, "The doctrine that seals woman's lips in the church assembled...is a heresy...It impeaches the wisdom of God."

1. Hughes, Richard T.; Roberts, R.L. (2001). *The Churches of Christ*. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 250. ISBN 0313233128.
2. Hull, Debra B. (2005). "Women in Ministry". In Foster, Douglas A. (ed.). *The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement*. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 777. ISBN 9780802838988.
3. Hull, Debra B. (1994). *Christian Church Women: Shapers of a Movement*. St. Louis: Chalice Press. pp. 33. ISBN 978-0-8272-0463-8.

## InfoBox

| Marinda R. Lemert | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1811-03-04)March 4, 1811
Ohio, U.S. |
| Died | September 29, 1891(1891-09-29) (aged 80)
Seattle, Washington, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | writer |


title: Gussie

abstract: Gussie is occasionally a given name in its own right, but is much more frequently a shortened version (hypocorism) of Chreigusta, Augustus, Augusta, Gustave, Gustavo, August, Augustine, Augusten, Augustina, Angus, Fergus, Argus, Gusten, Gus, and others. Gussie or Gussy may refer to:

text:
# Gussie

**Gussie** is occasionally a given name in its own right, but is much more frequently a shortened version (hypocorism) of Chreigusta, Augustus, Augusta, Gustave, Gustavo, August, Augustine, Augusten, Augustina, Angus, Fergus, Argus, Gusten, Gus, and others.

**Gussie** or **Gussy** may refer to:

## Men

## Women

* Augusta Clark (1932–2013), African-American librarian, lawyer and politician
* Caroline Augusta "Gussie" Clowry (1845–1897), pen name G. Estabrook, composer and singer
* Gussy Holl (1888–1966), German actress and singer
* Gussy or Gussie Moran (1923–2013), American tennis player
* Gussie Nell Davis (1909–1993), American teacher who founded the Kilgore College Rangerettes

## Fictional characters


title: Vangueria burttii

abstract: Vangueria burttii is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Tanzania. It was described by Bernard Verdcourt in 1981 and is named after the English botanist Brian Burtt.

text:
# Vangueria burttii

***Vangueria burttii*** is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Tanzania. It was described by Bernard Verdcourt in 1981 and is named after the English botanist Brian Burtt.

## InfoBox

| *Vangueria burttii* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Genus: | *Vangueria* |
| Species: | ***V. burttii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Vangueria burttii***<br>(Verdc.) Lantz | |
|
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: German submarine U-670

abstract: German submarine U-670 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 25 November 1941 at the Howaldtswerke yard at Hamburg, launched on 15 December 1942, and commissioned on 26 January 1943 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Guido Hyronimus.

text:
# German submarine U-670

**German submarine *U-670*** was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's *Kriegsmarine* during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 25 November 1941 at the Howaldtswerke yard at Hamburg, launched on 15 December 1942, and commissioned on 26 January 1943 under the command of *Oberleutnant zur See* Guido Hyronimus.

## Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. *U-670* had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert GU 343/38–8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). *U-670* was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

## Service history

Attached to 5th U-boat Flotilla based at Kiel, *U-670* collided during training in the Baltic Sea with the target ship *Bolkoburg* and sank on 20 August 1943. Of her crew of 43, 22 survived while 21 perished in the accident.

## Bibliography

* Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999a). *German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary*. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
* Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999b). *Der U-Boot-Krieg, 1939-1945: Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945* \[*German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945*\] (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
* Gröner, Eric; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). *German Warships 1815-1945: U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels*. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.

54°50′N 19°15′E / 54.833°N 19.250°E / 54.833; 19.250

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| Nazi Germany | |
| Name | *U-670* |
| Ordered | 20 January 1941 |
| Builder | Howaldtswerke, Hamburg |
| Yard number | 819 |
| Laid down | 25 November 1941 |
| Launched | 15 December 1942 |
| Commissioned | 26 January 1943 |
| Fate | Sunk after collision with target ship on 20 August 1943 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Type VIIC submarine |
| Displacement | * 769  (757 long tons) surfaced * 871 t (857 long tons) submerged |
| Length |  |
| Beam | * 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) (o/a) * 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) (pressure hull) |
| Height | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
| Draught | 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in) |
| Installed power | * 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels) * 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric) |
| Propulsion |  |
| Speed | * 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced * 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged |
| Range | * 8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced * 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged |
| Test depth | * 230 m (750 ft) * Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft) |
| Complement | 4 officers, 40–56 enlisted |
| Armament |  |
| Service record | |
| Part of: |  |
| Identification codes: | M 49 847 |
| Commanders: | * *Oblt.z.S.* Guido Hyronimus * 27 January – 20 August 1943 |
| Operations: | None |
| Victories: | None |


title: Kaycee, Wyoming

abstract: Kaycee is a town in Johnson County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 247 at the 2020 census. It is home to a museum that preserves the cattle ranching heritage of the area, especially the history of the Johnson County War. Kaycee was incorporated in 1906 after the establishment of a small post office and general store. The town was named after the brand "KC" used by its earliest homesteader, John Nolan. The government required the name to be spelled out resulting in "Kaycee". The town is now home to three churches, two bars, two restaurants, one store, one museum, one K-12 school, and zero stoplights. Western music star and rodeo champion Chris LeDoux resided on a ranch near Kaycee, although he was born in Biloxi, Mississippi. Kaycee is home to former NCAA Division II track and field athlete Dakotah Winsor. Former NCAA Division III track and field athlete Noah Elm was born and raised in Kaycee. Wyoming Governor Mark Gordon grew up on the Gordon Ranch near Kaycee. Gordon is owner of the Merlin Ranch east of Buffalo and is affiliated with the 48 Ranch Partnership in Kaycee.

text:
# Kaycee, Wyoming

**Kaycee** is a town in Johnson County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 247 at the 2020 census. It is home to a museum that preserves the cattle ranching heritage of the area, especially the history of the Johnson County War.

Kaycee was incorporated in 1906 after the establishment of a small post office and general store. The town was named after the brand "KC" used by its earliest homesteader, John Nolan. The government required the name to be spelled out resulting in "Kaycee". The town is now home to three churches, two bars, two restaurants, one store, one museum, one K-12 school, and zero stoplights.

Western music star and rodeo champion Chris LeDoux resided on a ranch near Kaycee, although he was born in Biloxi, Mississippi.

Kaycee is home to former NCAA Division II track and field athlete Dakotah Winsor.

Former NCAA Division III track and field athlete Noah Elm was born and raised in Kaycee.

Wyoming Governor Mark Gordon grew up on the Gordon Ranch near Kaycee. Gordon is owner of the Merlin Ranch east of Buffalo and is affiliated with the 48 Ranch Partnership in Kaycee.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.41 square miles (1.06 km2), of which 0.40 square miles (1.04 km2) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) is water.

## History

### The Portuguese Fort

In 1834 a band of trappers and traders led by Antonio Montero from Portugal built a trading post east of Kaycee WY.It became known as the “Portuguese Fort.” A unique site, what little remains from the area have been donated to the *Hoofprints of the Past Museum* and includes artefacts including a sword, beads, and clay pipes.

### The Bozeman Trail

The 1860s brought new attention from both whites and Native Americans to the northeast corner of what soon would become Wyoming Territory. First, a gold frenzy in Montana Territory drew miners north from the emigrant road that followed the North Platte River. Mountain man Jim Bridger warned against establishing a trail through the Arapaho and Lakota hunting grounds, urging that another path west of the Bighorns be used instead. But the Powder River Basin route was the most direct and, in 1863, John Bozeman following ancient routes long used by Indians, blazed the Bozeman Trail through the middle of the basin.

The Bozeman Trail ran within four miles of Kaycee, overlaying previous Indian, trader and exploration routes and connecting the Oregon Trail to the gold rush territory in Montana. Its most important period was 1863–1868, and its most significant consequence was the Indian Wars of the Northern Plains. The Hoofprints of the Past Museum displays items relating to this period.

### Fort Reno and Cantonment Reno

During the Indian Wars of the late 1800s, two military posts were built miles apart near the Bozeman Trail crossing of the Powder River: Fort Reno in the 1860s and Cantonment Reno in the 1870s. Historical markers presently mark the spots.

Items donated from the Fort Reno site are on display at the Hoofprints of the Past Museum, as well as a diorama of the fort created by Robert Wilson, an expert in local military forts.

### Moreton Frewen

The Frewen Ranch was located east of present-day Kaycee at the confluence of the North Fork and the Middle Fork of the Powder River. Moreton Frewen was the fifth son of Thomas Frewen, MP for South Leicestershire, and was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he gained his BA in 1877. He emigrated to Wyoming during the cattle boom in the 1870s and 1880s. A charming if financially incompetent adventurer from an English landed gentry family known for reckless financial and political schemes, he managed to marry Clarita "Clara" Jerome (1851–1935) in 1881, daughter of the New York City financier Leonard Jerome, and sister to Lord Randolph Churchill's wife Jennie. They settled together on a huge Wyoming ranch, The *Prince of Wales Ranch*, where Frewen built an enormous log lodge/castle later destroyed by fire and ran up ever increasing debt, earning the sobriquets "Mortal Ruin" and "the splendid pauper". His laterally descended family, the Martins formerly of Charley Hall, Leicestershire, refer to him to this day however not as "Mortal Ruin" but as "Immortal Ruin", as he ran through two family fortunes before being granted a remittance and "encouraged" by family to emigrate to America.

### Hole In the Wall

Hole-in-the-Wall is located in the foothills of the Big Horn Mountains of Johnson County, Wyoming. The site was used in the late 19th century by the Hole in the Wall Gang, a group of cattle rustlers and other outlaws which included Kid Curry, Black Jack Ketchum, and Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch gang. Cassidy, the Sundance Kid, and other desperados met at a log cabin in the Hole-in-the-Wall country which has been preserved at the Old Trail Town museum in Cody, Wyoming. The cabin was built in 1883 by Alexander Ghent.

### The Johnson County Cattle War

Source:

(see also Johnson County War)

In the early days in Wyoming, most of the land was in the public domain, open both to stockraising as open range and to homesteading. Large numbers of cattle were turned loose on the open range by large ranches, sometimes financed by other investors. In the spring a roundup was held and the cows and the calves belonging to each ranch were separated and the calves branded. Before the roundup, sometimes calves, especially orphan or stray calves, were surreptitiously branded, and thus taken. The large ranches, concerned about this practice, forbade their employees from owning cattle and aggressively defended against rustling.

The situation became steadily worse after the poor winter of 1886. The large companies began to aggressively appropriate land and control the flow and supply of water in this area; they justified these excesses on what was public land by using the catch-all allegation of rustling, and vigorously sought to exclude the smaller ranchers from participation in the annual roundup; apparently agents of the larger ranches killed several alleged rustlers. A number of lynchings of alleged rustlers took place in 1889, including the double lynching of innocent homesteaders and ranchers Ella Watson and Jim Averell.

The large ranches were organized as the Wyoming Stock Growers Association (the WSGA) and gathered socially as the Cheyenne Club in Cheyenne, Wyoming. In April 1892 the WSGA hired killers from Texas; an expedition of 50 men was organized, which proceeded by train from Cheyenne to Casper, Wyoming, then toward Johnson County, intending to eliminate alleged rustlers and also, apparently, to replace the government in Johnson County. Major Frank Wolcott led the Regulators into Johnson County. To prevent an alarm, the telegraph lines out of Buffalo were cut. The expedition was accompanied by two newspaper reporters whose lurid accounts later appeared in the eastern newspapers.

#### Nathan D. Champion

The first target of the WSGA was Nate Champion at the "KC Ranch". Champion was a small rancher who was active in the efforts of small ranchers to organize a competing roundup. Three men besides Champion were at the KC. Two men, evidently trappers, who had taken shelter for the night, were captured as they emerged from the cabin early that morning to collect water at the nearby Powder River, while the third, Nick Ray, was shot while standing inside the doorway of the cabin and died a few hours later. The fourth, Nate Champion, was besieged. Two passers-by noticed the ruckus and rode to Buffalo, where Johnson County Sheriff William "Red" Angus raised a posse of 200 men and set out for the "KC Ranch".

Champion held out for several hours, killing at least four of the vigilantes, and wounding several others. During the siege, Champion kept a poignant journal which contained a number of notes he wrote to friends while taking cover inside the cabin. "Boys, I feel pretty lonesome just now. I wish there was someone here with me so we could watch all sides at once." he wrote. The last journal entry read: *Well, they have just got through shelling the house like hail. I heard them splitting wood. I guess they are going to fire the house tonight. I think I will make a break when night comes, if alive. Shooting again. It's not night yet. The house is all fired. Goodbye, boys, if I never see you again*.

With the house on fire, Nate Champion signed his journal entry and put the journal in his pocket before he emerged, running from the back door with a Colt Revolver in the left hand and a Winchester rifle in the right. He was gunned down by four men firing simultaneously, hit by 28 bullets. The invaders later pinned a note on Champion's bullet-riddled chest that read "Cattle Thieves Beware". They also carefully removed entries from the diary which named some of the attackers.

#### Jack Flagg

'The Invaders then loaded up the wood on a wagon that was left by Jack Flagg and pushed it towards the cabin. With the house on fire, Nate Champion signed his journal entry and put it in his pocket before running from the back door with a six shooter in one hand and either a knife and a rifle in the other. As he emerged, the Invaders shot him dead. The killers pinned a note on Champion's bullet-riddled chest that read, "Cattle Thieves Beware." Jack Flagg, who after escaping his pursuers, *rode to Buffalo where he reported Champion's dilemma to the townsfolk. Sheriff Angus then raised a posse of 200 men over the next 24 hours and set out for the KC on Sunday night, April 10*.

Artifacts from the Johnson County War, including the local KC Fight and Nate Champion related items are on display at the Hoofprints of the Past Museum.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1920 | 217 |  |  |
| 1930 | 161 |  | −25.8% |
| 1940 | 210 |  | 30.4% |
| 1950 | 211 |  | 0.5% |
| 1960 | 284 |  | 34.6% |
| 1970 | 272 |  | −4.2% |
| 1980 | 271 |  | −0.4% |
| 1990 | 256 |  | −5.5% |
| 2000 | 249 |  | −2.7% |
| 2010 | 263 |  | 5.6% |
| 2020 | 247 |  | −6.1% |
| 2019 (est.) | 278 |  | 5.7% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, there were 247 people, 107 households, and 82 families residing in the town. The population density was 617.5 inhabitants per square mile (238.4/km2). There were 131 housing units at an average density of 327.5 per square mile (126.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 92.3% White and 6.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population.

There were 107 households, of which 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 17.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 0.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 23.4% were non-families. 17.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the town was 53.9 years. 22.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.2% were from 25 to 44; 25.8% were from 45 to 64; and 33.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.

The median income for a household in the town was $56,875, and the median income for a family was $56,250. About 7.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 0.0% of those 65 or over.

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 263 people, 115 households, and 76 families residing in the town. The population density was 657.5 inhabitants per square mile (253.9/km2). There were 134 housing units at an average density of 335.0 per square mile (129.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.9% White and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.3% of the population.

There were 115 households, of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.2% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.83.

The median age in the town was 42.3 years. 21.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.8% were from 25 to 44; 28.8% were from 45 to 64; and 19% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 249 people, 103 households, and 69 families residing in the town. The population density was 967.6 people per square mile (369.8/km2). There were 121 housing units at an average density of 470.2 per square mile (179.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.99% White, 0.80% Native American, 1.20% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.61% of the population.

There were 103 households, out of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.1% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $33,056, and the median income for a family was $40,250. Males had a median income of $25,833 versus $21,875 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,584. About 10.9% of families and 14.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.6% of those under the age of eighteen and 33.3% of those 65 or over.

## Education

Public education in the town of Kaycee is provided by Johnson County School District #1. Kaycee School , a K-12 campus, serves the town.

## Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Kaycee has a cold semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Kaycee was 107 °F (42 °C) on August 5, 1979, while the coldest temperature recorded was −51 °F (−46 °C) on February 12, 1905.

| Climate data for Kaycee, Wyoming, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1900–present | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 71
(22) | 71
(22) | 77
(25) | 87
(31) | 93
(34) | 104
(40) | 106
(41) | 107
(42) | 101
(38) | 88
(31) | 78
(26) | 68
(20) | 107
(42) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 57.2
(14.0) | 58.3
(14.6) | 68.7
(20.4) | 77.9
(25.5) | 85.7
(29.8) | 94.8
(34.9) | 99.9
(37.7) | 98.2
(36.8) | 93.4
(34.1) | 81.8
(27.7) | 68.5
(20.3) | 57.7
(14.3) | 100.5
(38.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 37.2
(2.9) | 38.6
(3.7) | 48.8
(9.3) | 55.6
(13.1) | 65.7
(18.7) | 78.0
(25.6) | 87.8
(31.0) | 86.4
(30.2) | 75.6
(24.2) | 59.7
(15.4) | 46.8
(8.2) | 37.3
(2.9) | 59.8
(15.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 23.4
(−4.8) | 25.5
(−3.6) | 35.0
(1.7) | 42.2
(5.7) | 52.2
(11.2) | 63.0
(17.2) | 71.4
(21.9) | 69.4
(20.8) | 58.9
(14.9) | 45.0
(7.2) | 32.7
(0.4) | 23.8
(−4.6) | 45.2
(7.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 9.6
(−12.4) | 12.5
(−10.8) | 21.2
(−6.0) | 28.8
(−1.8) | 38.7
(3.7) | 48.0
(8.9) | 55.1
(12.8) | 52.4
(11.3) | 42.1
(5.6) | 30.3
(−0.9) | 18.6
(−7.4) | 10.3
(−12.1) | 30.6
(−0.8) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −15.3
(−26.3) | −11.0
(−23.9) | 2.6
(−16.3) | 16.2
(−8.8) | 26.2
(−3.2) | 37.1
(2.8) | 46.4
(8.0) | 42.2
(5.7) | 30.5
(−0.8) | 13.7
(−10.2) | −2.9
(−19.4) | −12.5
(−24.7) | −21.6
(−29.8) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −45
(−43) | −51
(−46) | −28
(−33) | −5
(−21) | 12
(−11) | 25
(−4) | 31
(−1) | 28
(−2) | 13
(−11) | −11
(−24) | −37
(−38) | −43
(−42) | −51
(−46) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.26
(6.6) | 0.41
(10) | 0.67
(17) | 1.50
(38) | 2.75
(70) | 1.63
(41) | 1.16
(29) | 0.70
(18) | 1.03
(26) | 1.04
(26) | 0.46
(12) | 0.34
(8.6) | 11.95
(302.2) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 5.6
(14) | 8.9
(23) | 6.5
(17) | 3.8
(9.7) | 0.6
(1.5) | 0.1
(0.25) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.3
(0.76) | 2.3
(5.8) | 5.8
(15) | 6.8
(17) | 40.7
(104.01) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 7.2 | 8.0 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 55.4 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 17.1 |
| Source 1: NOAA | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Source 2: National Weather Service | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

1. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Kaycee, Wyoming
2. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
3. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
4. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
5. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
6. "Mark Gordon takes oath as Wyoming treasurer". Billings Gazette. Retrieved December 7, 2012.
7. "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 2, 2012. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
8. "Hoofprints of the Past Museum | Kaycee Chamber". *Kaycee Chamber*. March 28, 2017. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
9. "Red Cloud's War | WyoHistory.org". *www.wyohistory.org*. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
10. "Fort Reno and Cantonment Reno: Indian Wars Outposts on Powder River | WyoHistory.org". *www.wyohistory.org*. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
11. *Kaycee Chamber*. March 28, 2017. `{{cite news}}`: Missing or empty `|title=` (help)
12. "The Johnson County War: 1892 Invasion of Northern Wyoming | WyoHistory.org". *www.wyohistory.org*. Retrieved March 21, 2024.
13. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
14. "NOAA Online Weather Data". National Weather Service. Retrieved August 19, 2022.
15. "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved August 19, 2022.

## InfoBox

| Kaycee, Wyoming | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Location of Kaycee in Johnson County, Wyoming. | |
| Coordinates: 43°42′36″N 106°38′14″W / 43.71000°N 106.63722°W / 43.71000; -106.63722 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Wyoming |
| County | Johnson |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.45 sq mi (1.16 km2) |
| Land | 0.44 sq mi (1.14 km2) |
| Water | 0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2) |
| Elevation | 4,646 ft (1,416 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 247 |
| Estimate (2019) | 278 |
| Density | 550/sq mi (210/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-7 (Mountain (MST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-6 (MDT) |
| ZIP code | 82639 |
| Area code | 307 |
| FIPS code | 56-41353 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1590292 |
| Website | http://www.kayceewyoming.org/ |


title: Hurlbut Glen Brook

abstract: The Hurlbut Glen Brook is a stream that flows into the Mohawk River in Rome, New York.

text:
# Hurlbut Glen Brook

The **Hurlbut Glen Brook** is a stream that flows into the Mohawk River in Rome, New York.

## InfoBox

| Hurlbut Glen Brook | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth | Mohawk River |
| location | Rome, New York |
| coordinates | 43°16′20″N 75°25′50″W / 43.27222°N 75.43056°W / 43.27222; -75.43056 |
| elevation | 470 ft (140 m) |
| Basin size | 2.77 sq mi (7.2 km2) |


title: Northern Marianas Athletics

abstract: Northern Marianas Athletics (NMA), also known as Northern Marianas Athletics Association or Northern Mariana Islands Track and Field Federation, is the governing body for the sport of athletics in Northern Mariana Islands.

text:
# Northern Marianas Athletics

**Northern Marianas Athletics** (**NMA**), also known as Northern Marianas Athletics Association or Northern Mariana Islands Track and Field Federation, is the governing body for the sport of athletics in Northern Mariana Islands.

## History

Athletes from the Northern Marianas participated already at the 1969 Micronesian Games, (the Northern Marianas then still being part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands,) and at the 1975 South Pacific Games as part of a combined Micronesia team.

The foundation of NMA is reported for 1980, as well as its affiliation to the IAAF in the year 1989.

Kurt Barnes served as president of NMA until he stepped down in 2009.

Current president is former congressman Ray Tebuteb.

## Affiliations

Moreover, it is part of the following national organisations:

## National records

NMA maintains the Northern Mariana Islands records in athletics.

## InfoBox

Northern Marianas Athletics
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Sport | Athletics |
| Abbreviation | NMA |
| Founded | 1980 (1980) |
| Affiliation | IAAF |
| Affiliation date | 1989 (1989) |
| Regional affiliation | OAA |
| Headquarters | Susupe, Saipan |
| President | Ray Tebuteb |
| Vice president(s) | Lia Rangamar |
| Secretary | Robin Sapong-Eugenio |
| Official website | |
| www.foxsportspulse.com/assoc\_page.cgi?c=2-1158-0-0-0 | |
|  | |


abstract: Northern Marianas Department of Corrections is an executive agency of the Northern Mariana Islands government. As of 2015 Robert A. Guerrero is the commissioner. It operates one prison, which as of April 2015 had 60 prison guards and 185 prisoners; the prison was at 66% occupancy. That month Guerrero stated that the prison had a staffing shortage and asked for a new training facility for corrections officers.

text:
# Northern Marianas Department of Corrections

**Northern Marianas Department of Corrections** is an executive agency of the Northern Mariana Islands government. As of 2015 Robert A. Guerrero is the commissioner. It operates one prison, which as of April 2015 had 60 prison guards and 185 prisoners; the prison was at 66% occupancy. That month Guerrero stated that the prison had a staffing shortage and asked for a new training facility for corrections officers.


title: Humanities New York

abstract: Humanities New York, formerly the New York Council for the Humanities, is a 501(c)(3) organization based in New York City. It is the New York State affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. It was founded in 1975. Between 2008 and 2012, the organization awarded institutions and individuals in New York $68.7 million for work on projects, including funding for the first significant television treatment of the history of the War of 1812.

text:
# Humanities New York

**Humanities New York**, formerly the **New York Council for the Humanities**, is a 501(c)(3) organization based in New York City. It is the New York State affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. It was founded in 1975.

Between 2008 and 2012, the organization awarded institutions and individuals in New York $68.7 million for work on projects, including funding for the first significant television treatment of the history of the War of 1812.


title: Humberstone Road railway station

abstract: Humberstone Road station was a station to the north of Leicester, England, which opened in 1875 and closed in 1968. The line was originally opened by the Midland Counties Railway, which merged with the North Midland Railway and the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway to form the Midland Railway, which opened Humberstone Road station. The small village of Humberstone, situated some two miles further north-eastwards, was noted for its alabaster mine, but Humberstone Road station, alongside what is now the A47, served the rapidly expanding northern side of Leicester. Although the line is still a major route, there is now very little trace of the station. The station building lay derelict for many years following the station's closure. As a Grade II listed building it had to be preserved, but British Rail did not have sufficient funds for such an operation. Eventually the building was sold to Leicestershire County Council for £1 plus VAT. It was moved brick by brick to its new home at Shenton station on the Battlefield Line Railway, where it would serve as an information point for Bosworth Battlefield and a southern terminus building for the railway. The next station northwards was at Syston, between Leicester and Loughborough. A short distance away was the similarly named Humberstone railway station, which was on the Great Northern Railway's Leicester branch.

text:
# Humberstone Road railway station

**Humberstone Road** station was a station to the north of Leicester, England, which opened in 1875 and closed in 1968.

The line was originally opened by the Midland Counties Railway, which merged with the North Midland Railway and the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway to form the Midland Railway, which opened Humberstone Road station.

The small village of Humberstone, situated some two miles further north-eastwards, was noted for its alabaster mine, but Humberstone Road station, alongside what is now the A47, served the rapidly expanding northern side of Leicester. Although the line is still a major route (the present-day Midland Main Line), there is now very little trace of the station.

The station building lay derelict for many years following the station's closure. As a Grade II listed building it had to be preserved, but British Rail did not have sufficient funds for such an operation. Eventually the building was sold to Leicestershire County Council for £1 plus VAT. It was moved brick by brick to its new home at Shenton station on the Battlefield Line Railway, where it would serve as an information point for Bosworth Battlefield and a southern terminus building for the railway.

The next station northwards was at Syston, between Leicester and Loughborough. A short distance away was the similarly named Humberstone railway station, which was on the Great Northern Railway's Leicester branch.

**Former Services**

| Preceding station |  | Disused railways |  | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Leicester London Road |  | Midland Railway
Midland Main Line
Leicester to Peterborough |  | Syston |

52°38′26″N 1°06′50″W / 52.6406°N 1.1140°W / 52.6406; -1.1140

## InfoBox

| Humberstone Road | |
| --- | --- |
| Leicester Humberstone Road station building in 1984 before being taken apart and rebuilt at Shenton | |
| General information | |
| Location | Leicester, City of Leicester
England |
| Grid reference | SK6005105130 |
| Platforms | 2 |
| Other information | |
| Status | Disused |
| History | |
| Pre-grouping | Midland Railway |
| Post-grouping | London, Midland and Scottish Railway
London Midland Region of British Railways |
| Key dates | |
| 1875 | Opened |
| 1968 | Closed |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Hyblaea aterrima

abstract: Hyblaea aterrima is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by William Jacob Holland in 1900.

text:
# Hyblaea aterrima

***Hyblaea aterrima*** is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by William Jacob Holland in 1900.

## InfoBox

| *Hyblaea aterrima* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Hyblaeidae |
| Genus: | *Hyblaea* |
| Species: | ***H. aterrima*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Hyblaea aterrima***<br>Holland, 1900 | |
|


title: Hyblaea castanea

abstract: Hyblaea castanea is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by Tams in 1924.

text:
# Hyblaea castanea

***Hyblaea castanea*** is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by Tams in 1924.

## InfoBox

| *Hyblaea castanea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Hyblaeidae |
| Genus: | *Hyblaea* |
| Species: | ***H. castanea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Hyblaea castanea***<br>Tams, 1924 | |
|


title: Hybla Heraea

abstract: Hybla Heraea or Hybla Hera was an ancient city of Sicily; its site is at the modern località of Ibla, in the comune of Ragusa. There were at least three cities named "Hybla" in ancient accounts of Sicily which are often confounded with each other, and which it is sometimes very difficult to distinguish.

text:
# Hybla Heraea

**Hybla Heraea** or **Hybla Hera** (Greek: Ὕβλα Ἡραία or Ὕβλα Ἥρα) was an ancient city of Sicily; its site is at the modern *località* of Ibla, in the *comune* of Ragusa. There were at least three (and possibly as many as five) cities named "Hybla" in ancient accounts of Sicily which are often confounded with each other, and which it is sometimes very difficult to distinguish.

## History

Hybla Heraea is called by Stephanus of Byzantium "Hybla the Less or Hybla the Least" (̔́̂Υβλα ἡ ἐλάττων), in distinction to Hybla Major and Hybla Minor, and surnamed Hera or Heraea (Ἥρα, Ἡραία). Of the cities of Sicily bearing the name "Hybla", it is much the least known from ancient sources. No allusion to it is found in Pausanias, where he is distinguishing Hybla Major from Hybla Minor, nor in any of the geographers: but we find in the Itineraries a town of Hybla, placed on the line of road from Syracuse to Agrigentum (modern Agrigento, which is certainly distinct from both Hybla Major and Minor (and from Megara Hyblaea and Hybla Gereatis which may equate with them), and can therefore be no other than the third Hybla of Stephanus. It was situated, according to the Itineraries, 18 miles from Acrae (modern Palazzolo). (Itin. Ant. p. 89; Tab. Peut.). A passage in which Cicero speaks of a town called "Hera", in Sicily (*ad Att.* ii. 1. § 5), has been thought to refer to this town; but the reading is very doubtful.

* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography*. London: John Murray. `{{cite encyclopedia}}`: Missing or empty `|title=` (help)


title: Hurricane Hilda

abstract: Hurricane Hilda was an intense tropical cyclone that ravaged areas of the United States Gulf Coast, particularly Louisiana. In addition to its damage inland, the hurricane greatly disrupted offshore oil production, and at its time was the costliest tropical cyclone for Louisiana's offshore oil production. Due in part to flights made by the National Hurricane Research Laboratory, Hilda became one of the most well-documented storms meteorologically in the Atlantic. Lasting for seven days as a tropical cyclone, Hilda caused US$126 million in damage and 38 deaths. It was the tenth named storm, sixth hurricane, and the fourth major hurricane of the 1964 Atlantic hurricane season. Hilda developed over the southern shores of Cuba on September 28 as a tropical depression, tracking westward in an area of favorable conditions and reaching tropical storm intensity the next day. Once situated in the Gulf of Mexico, Hilda strengthened into a hurricane and began a slow trawl northward, rapidly intensifying to its peak intensity with winds of 140 mph (240 km/h) on October 1, making it a Category 4 hurricane. Slight weakening occurred as Hilda made landfall on the southern Louisiana coast on October 3. After reaching land, the hurricane took a sharp turn eastward and rapidly weakened as a result of land interaction and the presence of cool, dry air. The weakened remnants of Hilda merged with a cold front a day after landfall and dissipated on October 5. Originating near Cuba, the cyclone intensified while moving through the Gulf of Mexico, and became a Category 4 hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico before striking Louisiana in early October. In combination with a frontal zone located across the Southeast United States, the hurricane spread heavy rains through the South through the Carolinas into the Mid-Atlantic States. Hilda led to significant damage to oil platforms in the Gulf of Mexico, as well as $126 million (1964 USD) in damage, and 38 deaths.

text:
# Hurricane Hilda

**Hurricane Hilda** was an intense tropical cyclone that ravaged areas of the United States Gulf Coast, particularly Louisiana. In addition to its damage inland, the hurricane greatly disrupted offshore oil production, and at its time was the costliest tropical cyclone for Louisiana's offshore oil production. Due in part to flights made by the National Hurricane Research Laboratory, Hilda became one of the most well-documented storms meteorologically in the Atlantic. Lasting for seven days as a tropical cyclone, Hilda caused US$126 million in damage and 38 deaths. It was the tenth named storm, sixth hurricane, and the fourth major hurricane of the 1964 Atlantic hurricane season.

Hilda developed over the southern shores of Cuba on September 28 as a tropical depression, tracking westward in an area of favorable conditions and reaching tropical storm intensity the next day. Once situated in the Gulf of Mexico, Hilda strengthened into a hurricane and began a slow trawl northward, rapidly intensifying to its peak intensity with winds of 140 mph (240 km/h) on October 1, making it a Category 4 hurricane. Slight weakening occurred as Hilda made landfall on the southern Louisiana coast on October 3. After reaching land, the hurricane took a sharp turn eastward and rapidly weakened as a result of land interaction and the presence of cool, dry air. The weakened remnants of Hilda merged with a cold front a day after landfall and dissipated on October 5.

Originating near Cuba, the cyclone intensified while moving through the Gulf of Mexico, and became a Category 4 hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico before striking Louisiana in early October. In combination with a frontal zone located across the Southeast United States, the hurricane spread heavy rains through the South through the Carolinas into the Mid-Atlantic States. Hilda led to significant damage to oil platforms in the Gulf of Mexico, as well as $126 million (1964 USD) in damage, and 38 deaths.

## Meteorological history

The origins of Hilda can be definitively traced back to a tropical wave that trekked across the western Caribbean Sea during the last week of September. However, a loosely defined mass of clouds east of the Lesser Antilles on September 23 was potentially associated with the formation of Hilda. Tracking westward, the area of convection gradually intensified, with hints at a well-defined circulation as the system tracked over Haiti on September 27. By 1200 UTC on September 28, the disturbance had become sufficiently defined to be classified as a tropical depression south of Cuba. Tracking generally westward, the depression crossed Cape San Antonio, Cuba on September 29, intensifying to tropical storm strength in the meanwhile before moving into the northern Yucatán Channel. Favorable conditions for tropical cyclone development in the western Caribbean, including the presence of abnormally high sea surface temperatures, allowed for the further strengthening of Hilda.

Hilda's crossing of western Cuba slightly disrupted the intensification of the tropical cyclone, but strengthening resumed shortly thereafter. Upon reaching the Gulf of Mexico later of September 29, Hilda began to track very slowly at an average speed of 9 mph (14 km/h), later meeting the threshold of hurricane intensity at 1200 UTC on September 30. During that time, atmospheric conditions over the Gulf of Mexico rapidly improved; a preexisting belt of strong wind shear, which would have inhibited further cyclonic strengthening, disintegrated coincident with Hilda's passage of the gulf. Rapid intensification ensued on October 1, and by 0600 UTC that day Hilda became a major hurricane. Twelve hours later, the hurricane reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 941 mbar (hPa; 27.79 inHg) based on reconnaissance flights. During this phase the storm was centered roughly 350 mi (560 km) south of New Orleans, Louisiana. Around the same time, an abnormally strong trough centered over Mississippi began to sharply curve the forward motion of Hilda towards the north.

Following peak intensity, further strengthening was inhibited due to the emergence of a high pressure area over the United States Gulf Coast. The presence of this system injected dry air into Hilda, gradually weakening the hurricane. The once prominent eye of the storm clouded over as a result of this advection. During the evening hours of October 3, around 23:00 UTC, Hilda made landfall on the central Louisiana coast near Calumet with a minimum pressure of 959 mbar (hPa; 28.32 inHg) and maximum sustained winds of 105 mph (165 km/h), making a Category 2 hurricane on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Rapid weakening followed landfall as a result of the surrounding cold air; by 0600 UTC on October 4, Hilda had been downgraded to tropical storm intensity. The same area of high pressure which had weakened the tropical cyclone later forced Hilda eastward, resulting in the storm's merging with a cold front and thus transitioning into an extratropical cyclone later that day. These extratropical remnants continued to track eastward before they were last noted near Jacksonville, Florida on October 5.

## Preparations

The first hurricane watches or warnings issued by the Weather Bureau in association with Hilda were issued on October 1, when the agency issued a hurricane watch for the coast of Louisiana to Mobile, Alabama. This prompted the Texas Department of Public Safety to issue a standby alert for the Texas coast. On October 3, the Weather Bureau upgraded the watch to a hurricane warning, and expanded it to include the entire Texas Coastal Bend eastward to Mobile, Alabama. As Hilda neared the coast, the scope of the warning was narrowed to include only areas of the Louisiana Gulf Coast eastward to Mobile, Alabama and a gale warning for an extent of the United States Gulf Coast from Mobile Bay to Panama City, Florida. By the afternoon of October 4, hurricane warnings were lowered but gale warnings remained in place.

Evacuation of offshore oil platforms began as early as September 29. The majority of the 2,000 oil workers were evacuated on September 30 and October 1. Along the United States Gulf Coast, approximately 150,000 people evacuated. The U.S. Office of Civil Defense and three companies of the Louisiana National Guard were assigned to areas of the coast expedite the evacuation process. Areas lining Lake Pontchartrain were almost entirely evacuated. Re-purposed boxcars were used to move 3,400 evacuees northward from New Orleans and Franklin, Louisiana. A mandatory evacuation order was placed for a 23 mi (37 km) section of the coast of St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, with shuttle buses assisting in evacuating refugees to Opelousas, Louisiana. The United States Red Cross transported 10,000 cots to evacuation centers in Opelousas to serve the evacuees. Morgan City and Cameron, Louisiana were sites of mass exodus with Hilda approaching the coast. Evacuation out of Cameron was disrupted by the lack of a bridge across the Intracoastal Waterway, and thus had to be conducted via ferry. Heads of cattle were among those evacuating from Cameron Parish in fears of a repeat of Hurricane Audrey, which had killed 35,000 cattle. Similarly, all residents of Pecan Island, Louisiana were evacuated. In Grand Isle, Louisiana, approximately 80% of the population evacuated.

Though not directly at threat from Hilda, residents of Sabine Pass, Texas were evacuated to nearby towns in fears that roads linking the city to the mainland may be cut off by the hurricane's storm surge. A permanent off-shore drilling platform 30 mi (48 km) offshore of Galveston, Texas was brought back to shore. Schools along the coast of Louisiana including Nicholls State University and Tulane were suspended in anticipation of the hurricane. In Jackson, Mississippi, a federal disaster office was opened to coordinate preparation and relief efforts for Mississippi. The United States Atomic Energy Commission delayed a detonation of a nuclear bomb in the Tatum Salt Dome near Hattiesburg. The United States Navy scrammed planes from its air stations in Meridian, Mississippi and New Orleans, Louisiana in anticipation of Hilda.

## Effects

### Gulf of Mexico

The motor ship *Cornelia B III*, carrying a truck on deck, encountered Hilda's rough surf and winds as it traversed the Gulf of Mexico, resulting in the truck being washed overboard. As Hilda tracked northward through the Gulf of Mexico, the storm threatened an estimated $350 million worth of offshore oil drilling facilities. Hilda would become the most destructive tropical cyclone to Louisiana's offshore oil industry at the time of its impact, accruing losses over $100 million. Strong winds and heavy surf destroyed thirteen oil platforms and damaged five beyond repair. All but one of the lost oil rigs were built to withstand a "25-year storm", with the other constructed to withstand a "100-year storm". Oil spills resulting from the affected rigs released 11,869 barrels of crude oil into the gulf. Despite widespread evacuation of offshore drilling platforms, the 14 crewmembers of the *Ocean Driller* managed to ride out the storm, at times withstanding winds as high as 120 mph (190 km/h).

### United States

#### Gulf Coast

##### Louisiana

The majority of deaths associated with Hilda in Louisiana were a result of tornadoes spawned by the hurricane in its outer peripheral rainbands and squall lines, which began tracking across the region on October 3. Six tornadoes and two waterspouts occurred in Louisiana due to the hurricane. Despite tracking for only 1–1.5 mi (1.6–2.4 km) near Larose, Louisiana, a violent F4 tornado killed 22 people and injured 165 others, destroying 35 homes in the process. Automobiles in the path of the twister were also damaged. Debris picked up by the tornado was found 16 mi (26 km) away in the Coteau-Bayou Blue area, or 3 miles east of Houma. This was the second of only two violent tornado ever spawned by a hurricane with the first one coming from Hurricane Carla in 1961. No other tornado in the state resulted in deaths, though multiple twisters in the New Orleans metropolitan area caused extensive damage to several automobiles and buildings and injured five. The same tornadoes also knocked down power lines, knocking out power in localized areas. KLEB was knocked off the air as a result of these outages.

Data from the hardest hit areas along the central Louisiana coast remains sparse due to the small population density of the area. Storm surge unofficially peaked at 10 ft (3.0 m) at the Point Au Fer Reef Light. At the mouth of the Mississippi River, tides reached as high as 6 ft (1.8 m) above mean sea level. The strongest wind report was from Franklin, Louisiana, where a station clocked sustained winds of 120 mph (190 km/h). Near the coast in Erath, a 125 ft (38 m) high water tower succumbed to Hilda's strong winds and collapsed onto an adjacent town hall where civil defense personnel were operating. The incident resulted in the deaths of eight and six injuries. Although there were no stations to report the intensity of winds in Erath, winds 6 mi (9.7 km) away in Abbeville reached 110 mph (175 km/h). Hilda's sharp curve eastward after landfall and the advection of cold air from the north resulted in gusty winds over the New Orleans area, causing waves to break and spill over the seawall protecting the city from Lake Pontchartrain. The resulting waterfront flooding damaged fishing camps and other shoreline property. Elsewhere in southeastern Louisiana, strong winds stripped pecans and other nuts off of trees.

Despite Hilda's intensity at landfall, much of the damage attributed to the hurricane was a result of heavy rains associated with the storm and its interaction with a nearby frontal boundary. Rainfall caused by the storm peaked at 17.71 in (450 mm) northwest of Jeanerette. The strong winds and rain caused extensive crop damage; 98% of Louisiana's sugar crop sustained some measure of damage. Although most of the state's cotton crop was harvested prior to Hilda's landfall, the heavy rains flattened unpicked cotton in southern Louisiana, resulting in US$10 million in damage. Overall, the effects of Hilda in Louisiana destroyed or heavily damaged nearly 2,600 residences and inflicted minor damage on an additional 19,000. The United States Red Cross estimated that about 5,000 people were injured and that of those 357 were hospitalized.

##### Elsewhere

Rainfall maxima by U.S. state
| State | Maxima | Location | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Louisiana | 17.71 in (450 mm) | NW of Jeanerette |  |
| Georgia | 12.73 in (323 mm) | S of Waynesboro |  |
| Mississippi | 12.57 in (319 mm) | McComb-Pike County Airport |  |
| South Carolina | 12.02 in (305 mm) | Caesars Head |  |
| North Carolina | 11.66 in (296 mm) | Lake Toxaway |  |
| Alabama | 8.91 in (226 mm) | NNW of Phenix City |  |
| Tennessee | 6.12 in (155 mm) | Copperhill |  |
| Virginia | 5.48 in (139 mm) | Diamond Springs |  |
| Maryland | 2.86 in (73 mm) | Crisfield and<br>SW of Leonardtown |  |
| Delaware | 1.64 in (42 mm) | Dover |  |
|

Effects in Texas were minimal, with gusts peaking at 45 mph (72 km/h) near High Island, Texas and areas of the state receiving trace amounts of precipitation at most. Damage was limited to the portions of the coast which were hit by a minor storm surge peaking at 3.9 ft (1.2 m) above mean sea level at Freeport. Some piers and arterial beach roads adjacent to the coast were damaged. Portions of Texas State Highway 87 on the Bolivar Peninsula were inundated by floodwater. Minor property damage occurred, and no persons were injured in Texas. Tracking across the southern areas of Mississippi, Hilda and later its remnants brought torrential rainfall to central and southern portions of the state. The McComb-Pike County Airport received 12.57 in (319 mm) of rain, the highest precipitation total statewide. The heavy rains resulted in record rainfall totals for the month of October in several locations and flash floods. However, the majority of damage in the state was a result of strong northerly winds, which caused power outages and was destructive to the state's pecan and corn crops, which had been nearing harvest. Cotton crops that were harvested prior to the passage of Hilda were largely damaged. Power outages knocked out 460 telephone circuits and over 30,000 individual telephones. Strong winds also uprooted and felled trees and their limbs in addition to as well as a 200 ft (61 m) tall radio mast near Moss Point, Mississippi. As a result of Hilda, 20 people were injured and damage exceeded $50,000. Three of those injuries were a result of a tornado which struck areas of Pearl River County, destroying a home, two barns, and a pumping station. Across Mississippi, over 14,000 homes were damaged, of which 3,000 were either heavily damaged or completely destroyed.

Interacting with a cold front as it traversed Alabama, the remnants of Hilda caused gusts as strong as 80 mph (130 km/h) in Mobile and Baldwin counties, downing telecommunication lines, uprooting trees, and shattering windows. Piers lining Mobile Bay were either destroyed or damaged. Five people were injured in those two counties. Strong winds in Russell and Lee counties damaged or destroyed several buildings, injuring four. In addition to straight-line winds, three tornadoes occurred across six counties in Alabama, with one injuring three people after damaging five homes, a hospital, and a plant. Although rainfall peaked well inland at 8.91 in (226 mm), damage as a result of rain was limited to the coast, where the combination of high tides and rain resulted in minor coastal inundation. As the remnants of Hilda moved across the Florida Panhandle on October 4–5, rough surf was produced, with high tides causing minor tidal inundation along the Florida coast. One person drowned in the high surf produced by the storm off of Pensacola, Florida on October 4. Squalls in western and northern Florida produced heavy rain, with a maximum occurring in Wewahitchka, which received 12.42 in (315 mm). The precipitation produced localized flooding in the Tallahassee area. The squalls also produced strong winds, at times gusting to 60 mph (97 km/h) near Pensacola. A station at Naval Air Station Pensacola clocked a 59 mph (95 km/h) gust. These winds caused minor damage limited to uprooted trees and broken limbs.

#### East Coast

Rainfall from the remnants of Hilda extended as far northeast as Delaware as a result of the remnants interacting with a frontal boundary that extended across the United States East Coast. Extremely torrential rains fell over Georgia, peaking at 12.73 in (323 mm) south of Waynesboro. The largest precipitation totals occurred in the state's northeastern extremities, where widespread totals of 8 in (200 mm) or higher were reported. The rains resulted in flash flooding, causing extensive damage to roads and other infrastructure across Georgia. The excess floodwater caused streams to overflow their banks. At least 30 bridges were washed away by these swollen streams, and several county roads were washed out. The most considerable damage was reported in northeastern Georgia, coincident with the high rainfall totals there. Damage in Rabun County alone exceeded US$100,000. In addition to infrastructure damage, thousands of acres of farmland were inundated.

Torrential rainfall continued northeastwards into the Carolinas, with statewide rainfall peaking at 11.66 in (296 mm) and 12.02 in (305 mm) in North and South Carolina, respectively. The rains in North Carolina exacerbated preexisting flood conditions which had previously caused widespread agricultural and infrastructural damage as well as soil erosion. Though not directly a result of Hilda's remnants, they were likely influenced by the storm's interaction with a frontal boundary. Already overflowing rivers and streams rose even further, reaching near-record levels. Raleigh experienced severe flooding, and roughly 4,000 people were forced to evacuate their homes due to dangerous floodwaters. Two cars in mountainous regions were swept into inundated areas during the floods, resulting in one death. Several tornadoes in six counties were also reported, injuring two. Extensive wind damage was reported in Wayne County.

Heavy rains in South Carolina from October 4–6 resulted in localized flash flooding, particularly near streams. In mountainous regions, runoff from precipitation caused the Keowee, Saluda, and tributaries of the Broad River to swell, inundated and causing substantial damage to adjacent agricultural land and roads, in addition to breaching several small dams. The flooding triggered landslides, killing one person. Counties in the coastal plains of South Carolina also experienced farmland, road, and residential damage due to the heavy rains.

## Retirement

After the season, the Weather Bureau retired the name *Hilda* from future use in the Atlantic basin. It was replaced with *Hannah* for the 1968 season.

* List of Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
* Hurricane Betsy (1965) – was the first Atlantic tropical cyclone to accrue over US$1 billion in damage; devastated portions of Louisiana, particularly New Orleans, less than one year later
* Hurricane Carmen (1974) – resulted in tidal flooding along the U.S. Gulf Coast and greatly damaged Louisiana's sugar cane crop
* Hurricane Georges (1998) – took a very similar track eastwards across the Gulf States after making landfall near New Orleans
* Hurricane Lili (2002) – caused severe damage to Louisiana's southern barrier islands and disrupted oil production in the Gulf of Mexico

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7. IBTrACS 2021, 1964273N21280
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18. "Hurricane Hilda Heads For Louisiana Or Texas". *Ocala Star-Banner*. Vol. 98, no. 21. Ocala, Florida. Associated Press. October 1, 1964. pp. 1–2. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
19. Scott, Gavin (October 2, 1964). "Hurricane Hilda Heads For Texas, La. Coasts, Thousands Seek Shelter". *Schenectady Gazette*. Vol. 70, no. 316. Schenectady, New York. Associated Press. p. 1. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
20. Orton, Robert (October 13, 1864). "Final Report – Hurricane Hilda, October 3, 1964 (Austin, Texas)" (GIF). Austin, Texas: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
21. "Hurricane Hilda Heading For Coastal Louisiana". *Lewiston Evening Journal*. Vol. 104. Lewiston-Auburn, Maine. Associated Press. October 1, 1964. p. 7. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
22. Austin, Diane; Louisiana State University; et al. (September 2008). "History of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in Southern Louisiana, Volume 1: Papers on the Evolving Oil Industry" (PDF). Baton Rouge, Louisiana: United States Department of the Interior. pp. 130–1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
23. National Research Council Committee on Assessment of Safety of OCS Activities; Lee, Griff C. (1981). "Hurricane Losses". *Safety and Offshore Oil: Background Papers of the Committee on Assessment of Safety of OCS Activities*. Washington, D.C.: National Academies. pp. 201–2.
24. Summers, Dave (July 29, 2011). "The Offshore Oil Industry and Hurricane Season". OilPrice.com. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
25. "14 Plucky Men Ride Out Hurricane Aboard Oil Rig". *Spartanburg Herald-Journal*. Vol. 74, no. 42. Spartanburg, South Carolina. Associated Press. October 4, 1964. p. A-2. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
26. Hodges, Luther H.; White, Robert M. (October 1964). "October 1964" (PDF). *Storm Data*. **6** (10). Asheville, North Carolina: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Climatic Data Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 June 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
27. National Hurricane Center. "Preliminary Report on Hurricane "Hilda" (Page 6)" (GIF). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 6. Retrieved 6 July 2014.
28. Roth, David M. "Hurricane Hilda \- September 28 – October 5, 1964". *Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima*. Silver Springs, Maryland: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
29. Roth, David M. "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for the Gulf Coast". *Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima*. Silver Springs, Maryland: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
30. Roth, David M. "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for the Southeast". *Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima*. Silver Springs, Maryland: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
31. Roth, David M. "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall in the Mid-Atlantic". *Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima*. Silver Springs, Maryland: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved 6 July 2014.
32. Orton, Robert (October 13, 1864). "Final Report – Hurricane Hilda, October 3, 1964 Observation Data (Austin, Texas)" (GIF). Austin, Texas: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
33. National Hurricane Center. "Preliminary Report on Hurricane "Hilda" (Page 7)" (GIF). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 7. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
34. Roth, David M. "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for Florida". *Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima*. Silver Springs, Maryland: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
35. Carter, Horace S. (October 6, 1964). "Hurricane Hilda, October 3–5, 1964 Observation Data (Athens, Georgia)" (GIF). Athens, Georgia: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
36. Carter, Horace S. (October 6, 1964). "Hurricane Hilda, October 3–5, 1964 (Athens, Georgia)" (GIF). Athens, Georgia: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
37. Fardy, Albert V. (October 6, 1964). "Hurricane Hilda North Carolina Report Page 1 (Raleigh, North Carolina)" (GIF). Raleigh, North Carolina: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
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40. "Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
41. National Hurricane Operations Plan 1968 (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: Interdepartmental Committee for Meteorological Services. May 1968. p. 61. Retrieved April 3, 2024.

### Sources

## InfoBox

Hurricane Hilda
| Hilda at peak intensity on October 1 | |
| --- | --- |
| Meteorological history | |
| Formed | September 28, 1964 (September 28, 1964) |
| Extratropical | October 4 |
| Dissipated | October 5, 1964 (October 5, 1964) |
| Category 4 major hurricane | |
| *1-minute sustained* (SSHWS/NWS) | |
| Highest winds | 140 mph (220 km/h) |
| Lowest pressure | 941 mbar (hPa); 27.79 inHg |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 38 |
| Damage | $126 million (1964 USD) |
| Areas affected |  |
| IBTrACS | |
| ---  Part of the **1964 Atlantic hurricane season** | |


title: Notte Illuminata

abstract: Notte Illuminata is an album released in 2011 by Italian tenor, Andrea Bocelli. A collection of arias in German, French, Italian and English, the album is Bocelli's first to be released only digitally.

text:
# Notte Illuminata

***Notte Illuminata*** is an album released in 2011 by Italian tenor, Andrea Bocelli.

A collection of arias in German, French, Italian and English, the album is Bocelli's first to be released only digitally.

## Notte Illuminata Tour

The Notte Illuminata Tour was launched in Pisa, at the Teatro Verdi, December 2010. This was followed by three concerts given in January, in Munich, Berlin, and Hamburg, Germany. In February, Bocelli made his Metropolitan Opera debut, performing a recital, as part of the tour.

## Track listing

1. La speme ti consoli \- 3:26
2. Where e'er you walk \- 4:08
3. Sound an Alarm \- 2:40
4. Dimmi, ben mio, che m'ami - 1:59
5. L'amante impaziente - 1:23
6. Beato quei che fido amor - 2:30
7. Ich liebe dich \- 2:14
8. Der Engel \- 2:26
9. Oh! Quand Je Dors - 3:46
10. Zueignung \- 1:45
11. Mai - 3:14
12. Chanson D'amour - 1:59
13. Après un rêve \- 3:27
14. La lune blanche luit dans les bois - 2:27
15. Le secret - 1:41
16. Mandoline \- 1:49
17. Hymne à la nuit - 3:25
18. À la Madone - 2:25
19. Invocation - 3:01
20. La reine du matin - 3:11

## InfoBox

| Notte Illuminata | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Andrea Bocelli | |
| Released | 8 February 2011 |
| Genre | Classical crossover |
| Length | 52:56 |
| Label | Decca |
| Andrea Bocelli chronology | |
| *Carmen: Duets & Arias*
(2010) ***Notte Illuminata***
(2011) *Concerto, One Night in Central Park*
(2011) | |


title: Hunter 140

abstract: The Hunter 140 is an American dinghy that was designed by the Hunter Design Team as a sailing trainer and first built in 2003.

text:
# Hunter 140

The **Hunter 140** is an American dinghy that was designed by the Hunter Design Team as a sailing trainer and first built in 2003.

## Production

The design was built by Hunter Marine in the United States starting in 2003, but it is now out of production.

## Design

The Hunter 140 is an unsinkable sailing dinghy, built of ACP, thermoformed and UV protected plastic, with a fiberglass mat and injected foam construction, making it unsinkable. It has a fractional sloop rig, an aluminum mast and boom with stainless steel standing rigging, a raked stem, a vertical transom, a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller and a retractable centerboard. It displaces 225 lb (102 kg) and can accommodate three occupants.

The boat has a draft of 3.00 ft (0.91 m) with the centreboard extended and 0.50 ft (0.15 m) with it retracted, allowing beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.

Factory options included a roller furling jib, a launching dolly, a road trailer, a motor mount and a 2.5 hp (2 kW) outboard motor for docking and maneuvering.

**Related design**

**Similar sailboats**

## InfoBox

Hunter 140
| Development | |
| --- | --- |
| Designer | Hunter Design Team |
| Location | United States |
| Year | 2003 |
| Builder(s) | Hunter Marine |
| Name | Hunter 140 |
| Boat | |
| Displacement | 225 lb (102 kg) |
| Draft | 3.00 ft (0.91 m) |
| Hull | |
| Type | Monohull |
| Construction | ACP |
| LOA | 14.00 ft (4.27 m) |
| Beam | 5.83 ft (1.78 m) |
| Engine type | optional 2.5 hp (2 kW) Outboard motor |
| Hull appendages | |
| Keel/board type | centerboard |
| Ballast | none |
| Rudder(s) | transom-mounted rudder |
| Rig | |
| Rig type | Bermuda rig |
| Sails | |
| Sailplan | Fractional rigged sloop |
| Total sail area | 102 sq ft (9.5 m2) |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |