title: Walter de Islip

abstract: Walter de Islip, Isleep or de Istlep was an English-born cleric, statesman, and judge in fourteenth-century Ireland. He was the first Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer; he also held the offices of Treasurer of Ireland, Chief Escheator, and Custos Rotulorum of Kilkenny. He was a noted pluralist, who held numerous benefices. His career was seriously damaged by accusations of corruption and maladministration. He played an important role in the celebrated Kilkenny Witchcraft Trials of 1324.

text:
# Walter de Islip

**Walter de Islip, Isleep or de Istlep** (died after 1348) was an English-born cleric, statesman, and judge in fourteenth-century Ireland. He was the first Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer; he also held the offices of Treasurer of Ireland, Chief Escheator, and Custos Rotulorum of Kilkenny. He was a noted pluralist, who held numerous benefices. His career was seriously damaged by accusations of corruption and maladministration. He played an important role in the celebrated Kilkenny Witchcraft Trials of 1324.

## Personal life

Walter was born at Islip, Oxfordshire. He was a cousin of Simon Islip, Archbishop of Canterbury, and no doubt his career benefited as a result, though he was some years older than Simon. His father is said to have been a cleric, so Walter may have been illegitimate. The most influential patron in his early years was Richard de Ferings, Archbishop of Dublin 1299-1306; he probably arrived in Ireland in the Archbishop's entourage in 1299.

Throughout his career, Walter moved back and forth between Ireland and England. In Ireland, he lived for a time at the Priory of Kilmainham, where he had a standing agreement for his board and lodgings. He later purchased the manor of Thorncastle, in south Dublin County, which is roughly present-day Mount Merrion. The property had previously belonged to his colleague, Sir William le Deveneys, who died in 1319. Later in the century the new owner, Sir John Cruys, built Merrion Castle on the site. Walter also had a townhouse in Dublin on Rochel Street (now Back Lane), near Dublin Castle; there is a reference to Dublin Corporation supplying his house with water. Walter, in turn, made a side agreement with his neighbour and fellow judge Nicholas Fastolf and his wife Cecilia in 1329, by which the Fastolfs could insert a pipe "no wider than a goose quill" into Walter's cistern and draw off a supply of water. He developed strong links with Kilkenny, where he usually lodged with the Outlaw family, who were at the heart of the witchcraft trials.

## Career

In 1308 he was chosen as one of the Barons of the new Court of Exchequer (Ireland); he was given the title of Chief Baron in 1309, but stepped down from office in 1311. He is mentioned again as a Baron of the Exchequer in 1335. He was appointed Chief Escheator of Ireland in 1310.

### Corruption

He served three terms as Lord Treasurer between 1314 and 1325. During the Scottish Invasion of Ireland 1315-18 he was the official principally charged with raising funds for the defence of Dublin. He was ordered to reside in Dublin Castle and ensure that its defences were adequate. He was also ordered to cooperate fully with John Hotham, the former Chancellor of the Exchequer of Ireland and future Bishop of Ely, who had returned to Ireland and been given wide-ranging powers of government for the duration of the crisis: effectively Hotham was Governor of Ireland.

In 1325 he attended a seemingly routine Exchequer audit in London, where grave irregularities in the Exchequer of Ireland came to light. Serious questions were raised about Islip's integrity, and in one of the first examples of an official inquiry in Ireland, a Dublin jury was selected to determine the truth of the allegations of fraud and corruption against him. Alexander de Bicknor, the Archbishop of Dublin and Lord Chancellor of Ireland, was accused of the same offences. Islip was finally removed from office as Treasurer: he was imprisoned for a time in the Fleet Prison, and his goods were seized. Bicknor, despite his archepiscopal rank, suffered the same punishment. In 1334 Walter was ordered to repay the Crown the then-considerable sum of £1332, and in default of repayment, most of his Irish lands were forfeited. In 1336 he obtained a royal pardon for all his faults and transgressions; at an unknown date he also obtained a reversal of the excommunication pronounced against him in 1329. Bicknor also received a pardon, despite his previous unsuccessful attempt to forge one.

### Last years

He held office as Custos rotulorum for Kilkenny. In 1339 he rented out a number of houses to the Exchequer as temporary accommodation for its offices (the Exchequer had no permanent home until it moved to Carlow in about 1360). In 1339/40 the Prior of the Priory of All Hallows near Dublin granted him a pension. In 1342 he entered an agreement with the Corporation for the supply of his drinking water. It is possible that he returned to Kilmainham Priory to spend his final years. Exchequer payments of rent for the accommodation of the Exchequer offices in houses owned by him continued until 1346-8.

### John de Grauntsete

In 1329 he was engaged in litigation in the Court of the Justiciar over the possession of lands with one William de London; the striking feature of the case was that de London was represented by one of Islip's colleagues on the Bench, John de Grauntsete. Such conduct seems to have been unheard of even at the time: Cohen calls it "startling", and without parallel in legal history. Grauntsete's conduct is even more striking since he was apparently the tenant of the land in question himself. De Grauntsete was soon afterwards removed from the Bench for a time: the reason for this was apparently not his conduct in Court, but the fact that he had read out letters of excommunication directed to Islip from the Pope, thus allegedly subverting the Royal authority.

## Kilkenny Witch Trials

The Kilkenny witch trials of 1324, in which the principal accused were Alice Kyteler, her son William Outlaw and Petronilla de Meath, deeply divided the Anglo-Irish ruling class. This was partly because many of them were connected to Kyteler through her four marriages (notably her brother-in-law Roger Utlagh, or Outlawe, Prior of the Knights Hospitallers at Kilmainham), (the brother of her first husband, William Outlawe senior) and partly because the English-born Bishop of Ossory, Richard de Ledrede, the driving force behind the prosecutions, was bitterly unpopular. Islip seems to have been firmly on the side of the accused witches (William Outlaw was a personal friend): as Custos of Kilkenny, he refused to order their arrest and was probably a party to the Bishop's own arrest and brief imprisonment. He was also on the best of terms with Prior Roger Utlagh, his sister-in-law Alice Kyteler's firm champion: when dining at Kilmainham, Walter, as a special mark of favour, was always seated beside his host.

## Pluralist

Although Walter, unlike his cousin Simon, did not reach the highest ranks of the Church, his career is a striking example of religious pluralism. In England he was vicar of Gresham, Norfolk and of Old Whittington, Derbyshire; in 1318 he became Dean of Wolverhampton. In Ireland, he was a canon of St. Patrick's Cathedral, custodian of the Archdiocese of Dublin, Treasurer of Ferns Cathedral and a prebendary in the dioceses of Ossory and Waterford.


title: Haem peroxidase

abstract:
Haem peroxidases (or heme peroxidases) are haem-containing enzymes that use hydrogen peroxide as the electron acceptor to catalyse a number of oxidative reactions. Most haem peroxidases follow the reaction scheme:
  - Fe3+ + H2O2 ⇌ [Fe4+=O]R' (Compound I) + H2O
  - [Fe4+=O]R' + substrate --> [Fe4+=O]R (Compound II) + oxidized substrate
  - [Fe4+=O]R + substrate --> Fe3+ + H2O + oxidized substrate In this mechanism, the enzyme reacts with one equivalent of H2O2 to give [Fe4+=O]R' (compound I). This is a two-electron oxidation/reduction reaction in which H2O2 is reduced to water, and the enzyme is oxidized. One oxidizing equivalent resides on iron, giving the oxyferryl intermediate, and in many peroxidases the porphyrin (R) is oxidized to the porphyrin pi-cation radical (R'). Compound I then oxidizes an organic substrate to give a substrate radical and Compound II, which can then oxidize a second substrate molecule. Haem peroxidases include two superfamilies: one found in bacteria, fungi, and plants, and the second found in animals. The first one can be viewed as consisting of 3 major classes:
  - Class I, the intracellular peroxidases, includes: cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP), a soluble protein found in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, where it probably protects against toxic peroxides; ascorbate peroxidase (AP), the main enzyme responsible for hydrogen peroxide removal in chloroplasts and cytosol of higher plants; and bacterial catalase- peroxidases, exhibiting both peroxidase and catalase activities. It is thought that catalase-peroxidase provides protection to cells under oxidative stress.
  - Class II consists of secretory fungal peroxidases: ligninases, or lignin peroxidases (LiPs), and manganese-dependent peroxidases (MnPs). These are monomeric glycoproteins involved in the degradation of lignin. In MnP, Mn2+ serves as the reducing substrate. Class II proteins contain four conserved disulphide bridges and two conserved calcium-binding sites.
  - Class III consists of the secretory plant peroxidases, which have multiple tissue-specific functions: e.g., removal of hydrogen peroxide from chloroplasts and cytosol; oxidation of toxic compounds; biosynthesis of the cell wall; defence responses towards wounding; indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) catabolism; ethylene biosynthesis; and so on. Class III proteins are also monomeric glycoproteins, containing four conserved disulphide bridges and two calcium ions, although the placement of the disulphides differs from class II enzymes. The crystal structures of a number of these proteins show that they share the same architecture - two all-alpha domains between which the haem group is embedded. Another family of haem peroxidases is the DyP-type peroxidase family.

text:
# Haem peroxidase

| Fungal peroxidase extension region | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | Peroxidase\_ext |
| Pfam | PF11895 |
| InterPro | IPR024589 |
| Available protein structures:  Pfam structures / ECOD  PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj  PDBsum structure summary | |

**Haem peroxidases** (or **heme peroxidases**) are haem-containing enzymes that use hydrogen peroxide as the electron acceptor to catalyse a number of oxidative reactions. Most haem peroxidases follow the reaction scheme:

Fe3+ \+ H2O2 $\rightleftharpoons $ \[Fe4+=O\]R' (Compound I) + H2O \[Fe4+=O\]R' + substrate --\> \[Fe4+=O\]R (Compound II) + oxidized substrate \[Fe4+=O\]R + substrate --\> Fe3+ \+ H2O + oxidized substrate

In this mechanism, the enzyme reacts with one equivalent of H2O2 to give \[Fe4+=O\]R' (compound I). This is a two-electron oxidation/reduction reaction in which H2O2 is reduced to water, and the enzyme is oxidized. One oxidizing equivalent resides on iron, giving the oxyferryl intermediate, and in many peroxidases the porphyrin (R) is oxidized to the porphyrin pi-cation radical (R'). Compound I then oxidizes an organic substrate to give a substrate radical and Compound II, which can then oxidize a second substrate molecule.

Haem peroxidases include two superfamilies: one found in bacteria, fungi, and plants, and the second found in animals. The first one can be viewed as consisting of 3 major classes:

* Class I, the intracellular peroxidases, includes: cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP), a soluble protein found in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, where it probably protects against toxic peroxides; ascorbate peroxidase (AP), the main enzyme responsible for hydrogen peroxide removal in chloroplasts and cytosol of higher plants; and bacterial catalase- peroxidases, exhibiting both peroxidase and catalase activities. It is thought that catalase-peroxidase provides protection to cells under oxidative stress.
* Class II consists of secretory fungal peroxidases: ligninases, or lignin peroxidases (LiPs), and manganese-dependent peroxidases (MnPs). These are monomeric glycoproteins involved in the degradation of lignin. In MnP, Mn2+ serves as the reducing substrate. Class II proteins contain four conserved disulphide bridges and two conserved calcium-binding sites.
* Class III consists of the secretory plant peroxidases, which have multiple tissue-specific functions: e.g., removal of hydrogen peroxide from chloroplasts and cytosol; oxidation of toxic compounds; biosynthesis of the cell wall; defence responses towards wounding; indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) catabolism; ethylene biosynthesis; and so on. Class III proteins are also monomeric glycoproteins, containing four conserved disulphide bridges and two calcium ions, although the placement of the disulphides differs from class II enzymes.

The crystal structures of a number of these proteins show that they share the same architecture - two all-alpha domains between which the haem group is embedded.

Another family of haem peroxidases is the DyP-type peroxidase family.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR002016

## InfoBox

| Peroxidase | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | peroxidase |
| Pfam | PF00141 |
| InterPro | IPR002016 |
| PROSITE | PDOC00394 |
| SCOP2 | 1hsr / SCOPe / SUPFAM |
| CDD | cd00314 |
| Available protein structures:  Pfam structures / ECOD  PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj  PDBsum structure summary | |


title: Wanker

abstract: Wanker is slang for "one who wanks (masturbates)", but is most often used as a general insult. It is a pejorative term of English origin common in Britain and other parts of the English-speaking world, including Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is synonymous with the insult tosser.

text:
# Wanker

**Wanker** is slang for "one who wanks (masturbates)", but is most often used as a general insult. It is a pejorative term of English origin common in Britain and other parts of the English-speaking world (mainly Commonwealth of nations), including Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is synonymous with the insult *tosser*.

## Meaning

The terms *wank* and *wanker* originated in British slang during the late 19th and early 20th century. In modern usage, it is usually a general term of contempt rather than a commentary on sexual habits. *Wanker* has similar meanings and overtones to American pejoratives like *jerk* or *jerk-off*. More generally, *wanker* can carry suggestions of egotistical and self-indulgent behaviour and this is the dominant meaning in Australia and New Zealand.

*Wanker* may be indicated by a one-handed gesture, usually to an audience out of hearing range. It is performed by curling the fingers of the hand into a loose fist and moving the hand back and forth to mime male masturbation, which is equivalent to saying, "that person is a wanker".

In the United States, the term is understood but rarely used.

Related are terms such as "wanker's colic", for an undiagnosed visceral pain, and "wanker's doom", for excessive masturbation, from slang used in the RAF and British prisons since the 1920s.

## Differences in perceived levels of offensiveness

In December 2000, the Advertising Standards Authority published research on attitudes of the British public to pejoratives. It ranked *wanker* as the fourth most severe pejorative in English. The BBC describes it as "moderately offensive" and "almost certain" to generate complaints if used before the watershed.

In Australia, it is considered mildly offensive but is widely accepted and used in the media.

Mary Cresswell, an American etymologist, describes "wanker" as "somewhat more offensive in British use than Americans typically realize". The word was used twice to comic effect in *The Simpsons* episode "Trash of the Titans", which caused no offence to American audiences, but prompted complaints on occasions when the episode was broadcast unedited in the United Kingdom.

"The Winker's Song (Misprint)" by Ivor Biggun is one of many songs about masturbation. It describes the singer: "I'm a wanker, I'm a wanker. And it does me good like it bloody well should", and it reached number 22 in the 1978 UK charts. It was banned by BBC Radio 1 and every national radio and television service.

Phil Collins used the word in his 1984 cameo appearance on *Miami Vice* and has sometimes been credited with introducing the word to America.

In the film *This Is Spinal Tap*, David St. Hubbins and Nigel Tufnel both use the word out of earshot to describe fellow rock star Duke Fame after a chance encounter.

On the American television show *Married... with Children*, Peggy Bundy's maiden name is Wanker and her family is from the fictional Wanker County.

On the British television quiz show *Countdown*, contestants have to form the longest word possible from nine randomly selected letters. On one occasion, the letters permitted the spelling of "wanker" (or "wankers") and both contestants replied with the word, leading one to quip "we've got a pair of wankers". The sequence was edited out of the show (as is common with risqué words), but has been shown as an outtake on other shows. However, on a later occasion, "wanker" was offered, and this instance was left in and broadcast unedited.

During the New Zealand national cricket team's tours of Australia in the mid-1980s, Australian crowds extensively chanted "Hadlee's a wanker" while New Zealand fast bowler Richard Hadlee was bowling, supported by hand-written banners. The reference even continued after Hadlee had retired, including a "Hadlee's a wanker" banner appearing at an Australia v Croatia soccer game during the 2006 World Cup finals.

The comedy show *Mork & Mindy* featured a character named Mr. Wanker who was Mindy's landlord. This was broadcast on American TV and later British TV.

Australian band TISM released an album in 1998 entitled *www.tism.wanker.com* (which was an active website for a few months after its release). One of the themes in its lyrics is breaking down male society into two distinct cultures: Yobs (the subject of the first single released from the album) and wankers. Its third single, "Whatareya?", offers examples of differences between the types and tells the listener to decide which one he is.

Hard rock (formerly glam metal) band Vixen's 1998 album *Tangerine* contains a hidden instrumental track titled "Swatting Flies in Wanker County", written by then-member Gina Stile.

In February 2009, U2 member Bono called Chris Martin a wanker live on air during Jo Whiley's Radio 1 show.

During a live radio debate on 28 May 2010, the future President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins, urged conservative American radio host Michael Graham to "be proud to be a decent American rather than being just a wanker whipping up fear."

When acting as the ombudsman on *Red Eye w/Greg Gutfeld* in 2011, Mike Baker presented a graph of the "wanker gap" for the first half of the program. Baker has never given an explanation of the meaning of the "wanker gap."

Jack Vance wrote a science fiction book entitled *Servants of the Wankh* in 1969. The title was changed to *The Wannek* due to its sounding like wanker.

Iron Maiden's song "El Dorado" contains a veiled reference to the term in the line "I'm a clever banker's face, with just a letter out of place." In live performances, singer Bruce Dickinson would change to an explicit mention: "I'm a clever wanker's face, just a banker out of place."

In January 2015 the then Mayor of London Boris Johnson described British-born jihadists as "pornography-obsessed inadequates who only turn to radical Islam when they fail to make it with girls...They are literally wankers".

Cockney Wanker is a long running character in *Viz*, based on a stereotypical male Cockney.

Inspired by controversy about The White Stripes' 2003 song "Seven Nation Army" connected to Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign, the British composer Ben Comeau wrote, in the style of J. S. Bach, a four-part fugue on the riff of that song to the words "Donald Trump is a wanker."

## Further reading


title: HPP model

abstract: The Hardy–Pomeau–Pazzis (HPP) model is a fundamental lattice gas automaton for the simulation of gases and liquids. It was a precursor to the lattice Boltzmann methods. From lattice gas automata, it is possible to derive the macroscopic Navier-Stokes equations. Interest in lattice gas automaton methods levelled off in the early 1990s, due to rising interest in the lattice Boltzmann methods. It was first introduced in papers published in 1973 and 1976 by Jean Hardy, Yves Pomeau and Olivier de Pazzis, whose initials give the model its name. The model can be used as a simple model for both the movement of gases and fluid.

text:
# HPP model

The **Hardy–Pomeau–Pazzis (HPP) model** is a fundamental lattice gas automaton for the simulation of gases and liquids. It was a precursor to the lattice Boltzmann methods. From lattice gas automata, it is possible to derive the macroscopic Navier-Stokes equations. Interest in lattice gas automaton methods levelled off in the early 1990s, due to rising interest in the lattice Boltzmann methods.

It was first introduced in papers published in 1973 and 1976 by Jean Hardy, Yves Pomeau and Olivier de Pazzis, whose initials give the model its name. The model can be used as a simple model for both the movement of gases and fluid.

## Model

In this model, the lattice takes the form of a two-dimensional square grid, with particles capable of moving to any of the four adjacent grid points which share a common edge, and particles cannot move diagonally. This means each grid point can only have one of sixteen possible interactions.

* Particles exist only on the grid points, never on the edges or surface of the lattice.
* Each particle has an associated direction (from one grid point to another immediately adjacent grid point).
* Each lattice grid cell can only contain a maximum of one particle for each direction, i.e., contain a total of between zero and four particles.

The following rules also govern the model:

1. A single particle moves in a fixed direction until it experiences a collision.
2. Two particles experiencing a head-on collision are deflected perpendicularly.
3. Two particles experience a collision which isn't head-on simply pass through each other and continue in the same direction.
4. Optionally, when a particles collides with the edges of a lattice it can rebound.

The HPP models follows a two-stage update process.

### Collision step

In this step, the above rules 2., 3., and 4. are checked and applied if any collisions have occurred. This results in head-on collision particles changing direction, pass-through collisions continuing unchanged, or non-colliding particles simple remaining the same.

### Transport step

The second step consists of each particle moving one lattice step in the direction they are currently travelling, which could have been changed by the above Collision Step.

## Formal definition

The model operates on an infinite two-dimensional square lattice, where four unit vectors are associated with the following numbers: $1\mapsto \left({\begin{array}{c}1\\0\end{array}\right),2\mapsto \left({\begin{array}{c}0\\1\end{array}\right),3\mapsto \left({\begin{array}{c}-1\\0\end{array}\right),4\mapsto \left({\begin{array}{c}0\\\-1\end{array}\right)}}}}$.

Let $X$ be an allowed configuration. The function $\sigma \_{X}$ checks for the existence of a particle with a certain velocity, while $\bar {\sigma }\_{X}$ does the opposite:

$\sigma \_{X}(p,q,i)={\begin{cases}1{\text{ if the site }(p,q){\text{ is occupied by a particle of }X{\text{ of velocity }i,\\0{\text{ otherwise.}\end{cases}}}}}}$

$\bar {\sigma }\_{X}(p,q,i)=1-\sigma \_{X}(p,q,i)$

The successor $T(X)$ of the configuration $X$ can be calculated using the formulas form the original paper: $\begin{array}{lcl}\sigma \_{T(X)}(p,q,1)&=&\sigma \_{X}(p-1,q,1)-\Psi \_{X}(p,q)\\\sigma \_{T(X)}(p,q,2)&=&\sigma \_{X}(p,q-1,2)+\Psi \_{X}(p,q)\\\sigma \_{T(X)}(p,q,3)&=&\sigma \_{X}(p+1,q,3)-\Psi \_{X}(p,q)\\\sigma \_{T(X)}(p,q,4)&=&\sigma \_{X}(p,q+1,4)+\Psi \_{X}(p,q)\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lcl}\Psi \_{X}(p,q)&=&\psi \_{X}^{1}(p,q)-\psi \_{X}^{2}(p,q)\\\psi \_{X}^{1}(p,q)&=&\sigma \_{X}(p-1,q,1)\sigma \_{X}(p+1,q,3){\bar {\sigma }\_{X}(p,q-1,2){\bar {\sigma }\_{X}(p,q+1,4)\\\psi \_{X}^{2}(p,q)&=&{\bar {\sigma }\_{X}(p-1,q,1){\bar {\sigma }\_{X}(p+1,q,3)\sigma \_{X}(p,q-1,2)\sigma \_{X}(p,q+1,4)\end{array}}}}}$

## Shortcomings

The model is badly flawed, as momentum is always conserved in both the horizontal and vertical lanes. No energy is ever removed from the model, either by collisions or movement, so it will continue indefinitely.

The HPP model lacked rotational invariance, which made the model highly anisotropic. This means for example, that the vortices produced by the HPP model are square-shaped.

* Sauro Succi (2001). *The Lattice Boltzmann Equation, for fluid dynamics and beyond*. Oxford Science Publications. ISBN 0-19-850398-9. (Chapter 2 on Lattice gas Cellular Automata)
* Neil Gershenfeld (1998). *The Nature of Mathematical Modeling*. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521570954.


title: Wandsworth Park

abstract: Wandsworth Park is a Grade II listed public urban park on the banks of the River Thames in the London Borough of Wandsworth, situated between Putney and Wandsworth town centres.

text:
# Wandsworth Park

**Wandsworth Park** is a Grade II listed public urban park on the banks of the River Thames in the London Borough of Wandsworth, situated between Putney and Wandsworth town centres.

## Geography

The park covers 8.1 hectares (20 acres) and is on the embanked southern bank of the Tideway. It has a central 3.5 hectares (8.6 acres) playing field in an oval of paths.

## History

Until 1897 the land was allotments, it was purchased for £33,000 in 1898 by London County Council, Wandsworth District Board, and by public subscription. The park plans were made by Lt. Col. J. J. Sexby, a horticulturist and London County Council’s then Superintendent of Parks, and in 1903 the park opened on Saturday 28 February.

The Friends of Wandsworth Park are a community organisation set up in 2014 to improve and sustain the park and manage the formal garden areas.

## Features

Two pieces from the Putney Sculpture Trail by sculpturer Alan Thornhill are in the park, *Nexus* is on the southern side by Putney Bridge road and *Pygmalion* is on the north eastern riverside near the entrance to Prospect Quay. There are two Victorian stink pipes to provide ventilation for Joseph Bazalgette's sewer system. A new riverside terrace opened in 2019 on the north west corner of the park, a formally disused area.

## Wildlife

There are over 350 trees within the park, on the north side is the Lime Avenue. On the river alongside the park are some bird barges, to mitigate habitat lost during building development around Point Pleasant and the Wandsworth Riverside Quarter. The barges have tall posts to attract herons and cormorants, corrugated roofs for lesser black headed gulls and bird boxes for kingfishers and sand martins.

## Amenities

The park has public toilets near to the cafe.

The children's playground established was built in 1960 and is a certified Neighbourhood Area Equipped for Play, suitable for 2 to 7 year olds and 8 to 14/16 year olds.

The Luna Cinema has shown films open air in the park.

## Sports grounds

The central lawn area includes an 11 a side football pitch and a junior football pitch. The tennis courts and pavilion were added in 1920s, the courts can be booked via All Star Tennis.

The park has flat surfaces for running, the loop by the river is 0.6 mile (1,500-step) in length, and the Wandsworth park 10K is over 5 laps of the whole park.

The park has a 12 hole golf course and cafe run by Putt in the Park which opened in August 2013

## Transport

The park is served by Transport for London buses 220 and 270 which stop on Putney Bridge Road, Putney Bridge tube station (District line) and Putney railway station (Southwestern Railway) are both half a mile walk from the park, there are Santander Cycles docking stations on the south side and the south western side of the park.

51°27′44″N 0°12′15″W / 51.4623°N 0.2043°W / 51.4623; -0.2043


title: Nanjing incident (1976)

abstract: The Nanjing incident, or Nanjing Anti Cultural Revolution Force Movement, was a movement to commemorate Zhou Enlai and oppose the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) that occurred in Nanjing, China, in 1976. The movement was initially organized by Nanjing University faculty members and students. It soon spread countrywide and led to the Tiananmen incident. The movement was caused by Premier Zhou Enlai's death on 8 January 1976 and the Qingming festival on April 5 that year. The Gang of Four anticipated that people would use the Qingming festival to commemorate Zhou's death, as many felt he had not been properly honored immediately after his death. On March 25, the Shanghai newspaper Wenhui Bao, controlled by the Gang of Four, published an article criticizing Deng Xiaoping, with implied attacks on Zhou as Deng's "backer", for capitalist ideas. This resulted in large crowds of protesters, including former Red Guards, surrounding the newspaper's offices. In Nanjing, similar protests spread from Nanjing University to the city streets, with people carrying wreaths to the Yuhuatai Memorial. Gang of Four supporters later removed the wreaths and suppressed news of the protest in official media channels, but news still spread to other cities. In response to the protests, Deng was criticized at a Politburo meeting for leading capitalists and attempting to seize power. The Nanjing protests subsequently spread to Beijing in the Tiananmen incident. On 30 March 1976, wreaths honoring Zhou Enlai began appearing in Beijing. By April 4, over two thousand wreaths had been laid at Tiananmen Square, and over a hundred thousand protested their subsequent removal. The protesters were told to leave, and at 23:00 on April 5, the militia cleared out the remaining thousand protestors, using clubs and arresting over a hundred people.

text:
# Nanjing incident (1976)

The **Nanjing incident**, or **Nanjing Anti Cultural Revolution Force Movement**, was a movement to commemorate Zhou Enlai and oppose the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) that occurred in Nanjing, China, in 1976. The movement was initially organized by Nanjing University faculty members and students. It soon spread countrywide and led to the Tiananmen incident.

The movement was caused by Premier Zhou Enlai's death on 8 January 1976 and the Qingming festival on April 5 that year. The Gang of Four anticipated that people would use the Qingming festival to commemorate Zhou's death, as many felt he had not been properly honored immediately after his death. On March 25, the Shanghai newspaper *Wenhui Bao*, controlled by the Gang of Four, published an article criticizing Deng Xiaoping, with implied attacks on Zhou as Deng's "backer", for capitalist ideas. This resulted in large crowds of protesters, including former Red Guards, surrounding the newspaper's offices. In Nanjing, similar protests spread from Nanjing University to the city streets, with people carrying wreaths to the Yuhuatai Memorial. Gang of Four supporters later removed the wreaths and suppressed news of the protest in official media channels, but news still spread to other cities. In response to the protests, Deng was criticized at a Politburo meeting for leading capitalists and attempting to seize power.

The Nanjing protests subsequently spread to Beijing in the Tiananmen incident. On 30 March 1976, wreaths honoring Zhou Enlai began appearing in Beijing. By April 4, over two thousand wreaths had been laid at Tiananmen Square, and over a hundred thousand protested their subsequent removal. The protesters were told to leave, and at 23:00 on April 5, the militia cleared out the remaining thousand protestors, using clubs and arresting over a hundred people.


title: Nanjing railway station

abstract: Nanjing railway station is a major railway station of Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu province. It is located in the northern part of Nanjing's urban core, near Xuanwu Lake.

text:
# Nanjing railway station

**Nanjing railway station** (Chinese: 南京站; pinyin: *Nánjīng Zhàn*) is a major railway station of Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu province. It is located in the northern part of Nanjing's urban core (just a short walk from the city wall), near Xuanwu Lake.

## Services

Until 2010, this was the main railway station of Nanjing, with the great majority of all trains serving Nanjing using this station. Only a small number of trains, going to the destinations to the southwest of Nanjing, pass through the (old) Nanjing South railway station, which is located south of Nanjing's walled city; service to Nanjing West railway station has been suspended.

After the opening of new Nanjing South railway station in the southern part of greater Nanjing in mid-2010, many of the high-speed trains serving Nanjing have been re-routed to that new station. However, Nanjing station has frequent high-speed service to Shanghai and Shanghai Hongqiao, some services also stopping at Zhenjiang, Changzhou and Suzhou. Some overnight D trains continue on north towards Beijing South railway station, Tianjin West railway station, or Xi'an North railway station.

Nanjing railway station is served by a station of the same name on Line 1 and Line 3 of Nanjing Metro. It is also the terminal for many of the city bus lines.

## History

The station opened in September 1968, shortly before the opening of the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge. The connection with Line 1 of the Nanjing Metro began operations on 3 September 2005 as part of the line's Phase I from Maigaoqiao to Andemen. The interchange with Nanjing Metro Line 3 opened on 1 April 2015 with the opening of that line.

On 30 September 2016 the metro station served a peak volume of 99,800 passengers.

1. "Nanjing Guide - Things to do in Nanjing - eChinacities.com". *echinacities.com*. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
2. 南京火车站/介绍 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 30 May 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
3. 大事记. Nanjing Metro. Retrieved 24 July 2018. 9月3日 南京地铁一号线一期工程开通试运营
4. 南京地铁二号线载人模拟运营 \[Nanjing Metro Line 2 Undergoes Trial Runs\]. *Yantse Evening News* (in Chinese). 23 May 2010. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2016.
5. "Nanjing metro Line 3 opens". *Railway Gazette International*. 2 April 2015. Archived from the original on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
6. 南京地铁国庆前一天客流299.62万乘次创历史新高. *Yangtse Evening News* (in Chinese). 1 October 2016. Archived from the original on 3 February 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2016.

Media related to Nanjing railway station at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Nanjing
南京
 | |
| --- | --- |
| Nanjing railway station | |
| General information | |
| Location | Longpan Lu, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu
China |
| Coordinates | 32°05′14″N 118°47′51″E / 32.087265°N 118.797466°E / 32.087265; 118.797466 |
| Operated by | Shanghai Railway Bureau,
China Railway Corporation |
| Line(s) |  |
| Platforms | 8 |
| Connections | * Bus terminal |
| Other information | |
| Station code | * TMIS code: 16805 * Telegraph code: NJH * Pinyin code: NJI  125,310 (Nanjing Metro) |
| Classification | 1st class station |
| History | |
| Opened | 1968
3 September 2005 (2005-09-03) (  Line 1)
1 April 2015 (2015-04-01) (  Line 3) |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  China Railway Following station  Chuzhou Northtowards Beijing  Beijing–Shanghai railway  Zhenjiangtowards Shanghai  Preceding station  China Railway High-speed Following station  Xianlintowards Shanghai or Shanghai Hongqiao  Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railwayPart of the Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu passenger-dedicated railway  *Terminus*  Preceding station Nanjing Metro Following station  Hongshan Zootowards Baguazhoudaqiaonan  Line 1  Xinmofanmalutowards CPU  Xiaoshitowards Linchang  Line 3  NFU / Xinzhuangtowards Mozhoudonglu | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: HTC Desire 601

abstract: The HTC Desire 601 is an Android smartphone designed and manufactured by HTC. The Desire 601 is a mid-range device carrying design traits from the HTC One and One Mini, utilizing a dual-core processor, 4.5-inch qHD display, and offering LTE support.

text:
# HTC Desire 601

The **HTC Desire 601** (branded in some markets as the **HTC Desire**, unrelated to the original Desire) is an Android smartphone designed and manufactured by HTC. The Desire 601 is a mid-range device carrying design traits from the HTC One and One Mini, utilizing a dual-core processor, 4.5-inch qHD display, and offering LTE support.

## Development and release

The Desire 601 was first revealed by evleaks in July 2013 under the codename "Zara", describing its design as being a mixture of the HTC One and recent Desire-branded devices, and indicating that it might be released on Sprint in the United States. The device was officially unveiled as the Desire 601 on 3 September 2013, with a release in Europe, the Middle East and Africa in October 2013. In the United Kingdom, it was exclusively released by Vodafone. On 18 November 2013, Sprint subsidiary Virgin Mobile USA announced it would release the Desire 601 under the name **HTC Desire**.

## Specifications

### Design

The overall design of the HTC Desire 601 echoes that of the HTC One, with a soft polycarbonate shell, front-facing stereo speakers, and a pair of navigation keys. The device has a 4.5 inch display; there is a speaker grill, a front-facing camera and sensors at the upper bezel of the display while there are two capacitive buttons (back and menu buttons), an HTC logo and a speaker grill at the lower bezel of the display.

The side frame houses several buttons and ports; there is a microUSB port and a volume rocker at the right side, there is a 3.5 mm headphone jack and a power button at the top and there is a microUSB port at the bottom; the left side is empty.

At the back, there is a rear-facing camera coupled with an LED flash in addition to a "HTC" logo and a "Beats Audio" logo. The back cover is removable; removing the back cover reveals a removable battery, a SIM card slot and a microSD card slot.

The device measures 134.5 x 66.7 x 9.9 mm and weighs 130 grams. It is available in black, white and red.

### Hardware

The HTC Desire 601 is powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon 400 system-on-chip with a 1.4 GHz dual-core Krait CPU and Adreno 305 GPU. It comes with 1 GB of RAM and 8 GB of internal storage which is expandable through the microSD card slot. It has a 4.5 inch qHD Super LCD 2 display with 540x960 pixels resolution. The device also supports LTE networks where available.

The device includes a 5-megapixel BSI rear-facing camera with f/2.0 aperture, 28mm focal length, 1/4" sensor size, autofocus and 1080p video recording at 30 fps along with a VGA front-facing camera. It also has HTC's custom in-house image processing called HTC ImageChip.

The device has a 2100 mAh removable battery; according to HTC, 3G talk-time was around 13 hours, and 3G stand-by time was around 18 days. It has front-firing BoomSound stereo speakers.

### Software

The HTC Desire 601 ships with Android 4.2.2 Jelly Bean and HTC Sense 5, offering the BlinkFeed, Zoe, and Highlights features from the HTC One.

On 24 April 2014, HTC Singapore announced via its Facebook page that HTC Desire 601 started receiving an Android version update with Android 4.4.2 KitKat and HTC Sense 5.5 user interface.

## Reception

The Desire 601 was released to mixed reviews. Its build quality was considered to be in line with other HTC devices with "soft touch" polycarbonate exteriors, while its processor was considered to be fast for its class. The Desire 601's camera was considered to be well below average in comparison to the UltraPixel camera of the One and One Mini, while its speakers were panned for not being as powerful as their counterparts on the One. CNET was similarly conservative, noting that the 601's screen, despite being good enough for everyday use, was not high definition like its Motorola-produced competitor, the Moto G, and that the device's performance was sufficient for "casual bird-flinging gamers."

*Hardware Zone* noted that while it could not be compared to the higher quality metal construction of the One, the Desire 601 was praised for having a "comfortable" feel and a compact form that was sufficient for one-handed use, and its "powerful" camera hardware. Overall, however, the Desire 601 was panned for having a low resolution screen, underperforming on benchmarks in comparison to other phones in its class (such as the LG Optimus F5, Samsung Galaxy S4 Mini, and Sony Xperia SP), and for not being released soon enough to sufficiently compete. In conclusion, however, it was felt that the Desire 601 "will not disappoint anyone who is looking for an affordable 4G LTE Android smartphone."

## HTC Desire 601 Dual SIM

On 27 November 2013, a Dual-SIM version of the HTC Desire 601 was released in Taiwan. Compared to the single SIM version, this model has 4 GB of internal storage rather than 8 GB and uses Broadcom BCM23550 system-on-chip instead of the Qualcomm Snapdragon 400 system-on-chip. Because of the system-on-chip difference, this model has a 1.2 GHz ARM Cortex-A7 quad-core CPU and VideoCore IV GPU instead of the 1.4 GHz Krait dual-core CPU and Adreno 305 GPU. Both of the SIM card slots are microSIM card slots and 3G compatible; unlike the normal version, this model lacks LTE support. It is available in black and white.

## InfoBox

HTC Desire 601
| Manufacturer | HTC |
| --- | --- |
| Series | Desire |
| First released | October 2013 |
| Predecessor | HTC Desire X, HTC One VX |
| Related | HTC One Mini |
| Type | Smartphone |
| Form factor | Slate |
| Dimensions | 134.5 mm (5.30 in) H
66.7 mm (2.63 in) W
9.9 mm (0.39 in) D |
| Weight | 130 grams |
| Operating system | Android 4.2.2 "Jelly Bean"
(upgradable to Android 4.4.2 "KitKat") |
| System-on-chip | Qualcomm Snapdragon 400 |
| CPU | 1.4 GHz dual-core Krait
(1.2 GHz quad-core Cortex-A7 in dual SIM model) |
| GPU | Adreno 305
(VideoCore IV (BCM23550) in dual-SIM version) |
| Memory | 1 GB RAM |
| Storage | 8 GB
(4 GB in dual SIM model) |
| Removable storage | MicroSDXC (up to 64 GB) |
| Battery | 2100 mAh Li-Po removable battery |
| Display | 4.5 in
540×960 pixels (245 ppi)
Corning Gorilla Glass 2 |
| Rear camera | 5-megapixel, 1.4 μm camera with auto focus, BSI image sensor, smart LED flash, dedicated imaging chip, continuous shooting
1080p HD video recording, HTC ImageChip |
| Front camera | VGA |
| Connectivity | Wi-Fi: 802.11 ///
(2.4/5 GHz)
GPS & GLONASS
Bluetooth 4.0 with apt-X
DLNA
Wi-Fi Direct
Miracast
Wi-Fi Hotspot
USB 2.0 (Micro-B Port, USB charging) |
| Other | Accelerometer, proximity sensor, ambient light sensor |
| References |  |


title: HTC Desire 500

abstract: The HTC Desire 500 is a low-mid-range Android smartphone released by HTC in 2013. On 23 July 2013, HTC Desire 500 was announced in Taiwan. On 7 August 2013, the device was unveiled for the European market.

text:
# HTC Desire 500

The **HTC Desire 500** (also known as **HTC Desire 500 Dual Sim**) is a low-mid-range Android smartphone released by HTC in 2013. On 23 July 2013, HTC Desire 500 was announced in Taiwan. On 7 August 2013, the device was unveiled for the European market.

## Specifications

### Design

The HTC Desire 500 has a 4.3 inch display; there is an earpiece, a front-facing camera and an "HTC" logo at the upper bezel of the display and there are two capacitive buttons (back and home buttons) at the lower bezel of the display.

The side frame is wrapped by a color stripe that is only interrupted at the volume rocker. On the side frame; there is a volume rocker on the right side, there is a power button and a headphone jack at the top and there is a microUSB port and a microphone hole at the bottom; the left side is empty.

The rear-facing camera paired with an LED flash and the speaker are located at the back. The phone has a plastic unibody back cover; removing the back cover reveals a removable battery, a microSIM card slot, and a microSD card slot for storage expansion.

The HTC Desire 500 measures 131.8 x 66.9 x 9.9 mm and weighs 123 grams; the dual SIM model weighs 130 grams, 7 grams heavier than the normal model. It is available in black, white with red accents and white with green accents.

### Hardware

HTC equips the Desire 500 with Qualcomm Snapdragon 200 8225Q system-on-chip that comprises a 1.2 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A5 CPU that supports ARMv7 instruction set and Adreno 203 GPU and is manufactured on a 45 nm manufacturing process. It comes with 1 GB of RAM and 4 GB of internal storage expandable up to 64 GB through the microSD card slot. Only 1 GB of the 4 GB internal storage is user-accessible.

The HTC Desire 500 has a 4.3 inch LCD display with a resolution of 800x480 pixels (WVGA), RGB matrix and a pixel density of 217 ppi.

The HTC Desire 500 has an 8-megapixel BSI rear camera sensor with 3264x2448 pixels, 0.312 inches sensor size, f/2.4 aperture, and 28mm focal length. The front camera has a resolution of 1.6 megapixels. Both the front-facing and the rear-facing camera can record HD videos (720p). It also has HTC's dedicated image processing chip named HTC ImageChip. It supports HDR and panorama.

The HTC Desire 500 has an 1800 mAh removable battery. HTC claims that the phone can last up to 435 hours of 3G standby time and just over 12 hours of 3G talk.

### Software

The Desire 500 runs on Android 4.1.2 Jelly Bean in combination with the latest version of HTC's launcher Sense 5.0 out of the box; one popular feature is HTC BlinkFeed.

## Reception

NotebookCheck reviewed the HTC Desire 500. It was noted that the MicroSD slot and the removable battery were certainly two important features of the HTC Desire 500, similar to the Samsung Galaxy S4 Mini and quite the opposite of the HTC One Mini. High brightness and high viewing angles of the display were praised but the processor performance was criticized.

PhoneArena reviewed the HTC Desire 500. Photo quality, design, and call quality were considered the pros and uncomfortable physical keys and lack of backlighting on the capacitive keys were considered the cons of the device.

GSMArena reviewed the HTC Desire 500. WVGA display resolution, mediocre video recording, lack of Full HD video recording, poor video codec support of the default video player, and limited internal storage were considered as the main disadvantages of the device.

## InfoBox

HTC Desire 500
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Manufacturer | HTC |
| Series | HTC Desire series |
| Model | 500 |
| Compatible networks | 2G
3G
(Only one SIM card can be used at 3G at a time on the Dual SIM model) |
| First released | September 1, 2013 (2013-09-01) |
| Type | Smartphone |
| Form factor | Slate |
| Dimensions | 131.8 mm (5.19 in) H
66.9 mm (2.63 in) W
9.9 mm (0.39 in) D |
| Weight | 123 g (4.3 oz) |
| Operating system | Android 4.1.2 "Jelly Bean", Sense UI 5.0 |
| System-on-chip | Qualcomm Snapdragon 200 |
| CPU | Quad-core 1.2 GHz Cortex-A5 |
| GPU | Adreno 203 |
| Memory | 1 GB LPDDR3 RAM |
| Storage | 4 GB internal storage
(1 GB user accessible) |
| Removable storage | microSD up to 64 GB |
| Battery | 1,800 mAh Li-ion removable battery |
| Display | 4.3 in (110 mm) WVGA with RGB matrix
800 x 480 pixels (217 ppi) |
| Sound | Beats Audio technology |
| Rear camera | 8-megapixel camera with autofocus, LED dual tone flash, 1/3.2' sensor size, 1.4μm pixel size, geo-tagging, face/smile detection, HTC ImageChip image processing chip, 720p video recording |
| Front camera | 1.6-megapixel, 720p video recording |
| Connectivity | Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n
Wi-Fi Hotspot
DLNA
Bluetooth 4.0
A2DP
NFC
microUSB
3.5 mm headphone jack |
| Website | www.htc.com/in/support/htc-desire-500-dual-sim// |


title: Hackers.mu

abstract: Hackers.mu is a group of developers from Mauritius who are focused on computer security, IETF standards and Linux and Open Source Software adoption. They have worked on implementing TLS 1.3 in Linux and Open Source Software during the IETF 100 Hackathon as part of the TLS Working Group. They have also prepared high school students for Google Code-in in 2016 which marked the first time that Mauritius participated. In 2017, they trained another group of high school students, leading to the first grand prize winner for Mauritius. During IETF 101, Hackers.mu acted as TLS 1.3 champions, and continued to work on application integration support. In June 2018, Hackers.mu organized a hackathon with codename "Operation JASK" to fix sigspoof3 in a number of open source projects. In July 2018, Hackers.mu participated in IETF 102 hackathon as TLS 1.3 champions to work on inter-operability and applications support and http 451. Additionally, they have been active in authoring IETF Standards such as RFC 8270.

text:
# Hackers.mu

**Hackers.mu** (stylized in all lowercase) is a group of developers from Mauritius who are focused on computer security, IETF standards and Linux and Open Source Software adoption. They have worked on implementing TLS 1.3 in Linux and Open Source Software during the IETF 100 Hackathon as part of the TLS Working Group. They have also prepared high school students for Google Code-in in 2016 which marked the first time that Mauritius participated. In 2017, they trained another group of high school students, leading to the first grand prize winner for Mauritius. During IETF 101, Hackers.mu acted as TLS 1.3 champions, and continued to work on application integration support. In June 2018, Hackers.mu organized a hackathon with codename "Operation JASK" to fix sigspoof3 in a number of open source projects. In July 2018, Hackers.mu participated in IETF 102 hackathon as TLS 1.3 champions to work on inter-operability and applications support and http 451. Additionally, they have been active in authoring IETF Standards such as RFC 8270.

1. "Mauritian code-cutters to help deliver TLS 1.3". Retrieved 2017-11-14.
2. "Participating in the IETF Hackathon from Mauritius | IETF Blog". *www.ietf.org*. Retrieved 2017-12-14.
3. "Informatique : des Mauriciens contribuent à l'évolution d'Internet". *Defimedia* (in French). 2017-11-01. Retrieved 2017-12-14.
4. "Google Code-in: Two Mauritian students among the finalists". *Defimedia* (in French). 2017-02-11. Retrieved 2017-12-30.
5. "Taking the pulse of Google Code-in 2016". *Google Open Source Blog*. Retrieved 2017-12-30.
6. "Hackers.mu leads Mauritians for the Google code-in". *hackers.mu*. Retrieved 2018-02-25.
7. "Announcing the Winners of Google Code-in 2017". *Google Open Source Blog*. Retrieved 2018-01-31.
8. "Un membre de hackers.mu remporte le Grand Prix Drupal de Google Code-in". *hackers.mu*. Retrieved 2018-02-25.
9. "101hackathon – Meeting Wiki". *trac.ietf.org*. Retrieved 2018-03-19.
10. IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force (2018-03-18), *IETF Hackathon in London*, retrieved 2018-03-19
11. "Hurrah! TLS 1.3 is here. Now to implement it and put it into software". Retrieved 2018-03-27.
12. "Hacking from Paradise: Attending IETF Hackathon Remotely". *IETF Journal*. Retrieved 2018-04-10.
13. "Pass gets a fail: Simple Password Store suffers GnuPG spoofing bug". Retrieved 2018-06-25.
14. IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force (2018-07-15), *IETF102-HACKATHON-20180715-1400*, retrieved 2018-07-18


title: Wanna Be Up

abstract: "Wanna Be Up" is a song written by Eve von Bibra and Brett Goldsmith and recorded by Australia group Chantoozies. The song was released in May 1988 as the third single from their debut studio album, Chantoozies (1988). The song peaked at number 6 in Australia, becoming the group's second top ten single.

text:
# Wanna Be Up

**"Wanna Be Up"** is a song written by Eve von Bibra and Brett Goldsmith and recorded by Australia group Chantoozies. The song was released in May 1988 as the third single from their debut studio album, *Chantoozies* (1988). The song peaked at number 6 in Australia, becoming the group's second top ten single.

## Track listings

**7" single (K 492)**

* Side A "Wanna Be Up" - 3:39
* Side B "Little Woman" - 4:06

**12" single (X 14596)**

* Side A "Wanna Be Up"  (12" version)  \- 5:20
* Side B1 "Wanna Be Up"  (7" version)  \- 3:39
* Side B2 "Little Woman" - 4:06

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 6 |
|

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA Charts) | 23 |
| Australian Artist (ARIA Charts) | 5 |
|

## InfoBox

| "Wanna Be Up" | |
| --- | --- |
| 7" single cover | |
| Single by Chantoozies | |
| from the album  *Chantoozies* | |
| B-side | "Little Woman" |
| Released | 2 May 1988 |
| Studio | Platinum Studios, Melbourne |
| Genre | Synth pop, electronic |
| Length | 3:39 |
| Label | Mushroom Records |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) |  |
| Chantoozies singles chronology | |
| "He's Gonna Step On You Again"
(1987) "**Wanna Be Up**"
(1988) "Kiss 'n' Tell"
(1988) | |


title: HMS Suffolk (1765)

abstract: HMS Suffolk was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 22 February 1765 at Rotherhithe. She was designed by William Bateley, based on the principles of his earlier HMS Fame, and was the only ship built to her draught.

text:
# HMS Suffolk (1765)

**HMS *Suffolk*** was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 22 February 1765 at Rotherhithe. She was designed by William Bateley, based on the principles of his earlier HMS *Fame*, and was the only ship built to her draught.

## Service history

*Suffolk* under command of Rear Admiral Joshua Rowley saw action off Guadeloupe island on the night of 21–22 December 1779 when three French frigates, *La Fortunée* (42 guns), *La Blanche* (36 guns), and *L'Ellis* (28 guns) were captured.

On 4 May 1794 Captain Peter Rainier, with *Suffolk*, a 64-gun ship, and four or five frigates, undertook to escort a convoy to India. In November they arrived at Madras. In July, *Suffolk*, now under Captain Robert Lambert, HMS *Hobart*, HMS *Centurion* and transports, sailed from Madras, joined en route by HMS *Diomede*, for Ceylon to take Trincomalee and other Dutch settlements on the island.

On 16 February 1796 Rear-admiral Peter Rainier arrived with a squadron, including *Suffolk*, off Amboyna, on the Dutch controlled Molucca islands and landed troops who were able to take possession without facing any resistance. Then on 7 March, the squadron arrived off Banda-Neira and again landed troops, this time taking possession after facing only a little resistance. The Admiral found in the Treasury at Amboyna, 81,112 Rixdollars, and in store 515,940 lb (234,030 kg) of cloves; in the Treasury at Banda-Neira 66,675 Rixdollars, and 84,777 lb (38,454 kg) of nutmeg, 19,587 lb (8,885 kg) of mace, and merchandise and other stores. Estimates suggest that each of the captains in Rainier's squadron received £15,000 in prize money.

What is perhaps more interesting and of greater long-term significance is that on this voyage, *Suffolk* was taking part in an experiment under the auspices of the Sick and Hurt Board. At the suggestion of Rear Admiral Gardner, and in defiance of civilian medical opinion the Admiralty implemented a long-term trial of citrus fruit as a remedy for scurvy. Lemon juice was issued on board *Suffolk* on her twenty-three-week, non-stop voyage to India. The daily ration of two-thirds of an ounce mixed in grog contained just about the minimum daily intake of 10 mg vitamin C. There was no serious outbreak of scurvy. The following year the Admiralty adopted a general issue of lemon juice to the whole fleet.

At Colombo a serious mutiny broke out on *Suffolk* on 15 January 1798. However, it was suppressed.

On 4 February 1802 *Suffolk* was at St Helena and expected to sail for England in company with *Arran*, which too was returning England from the Indies.

## Fate

*Suffolk* was broken up in 1803.

* Lavery, Brian (2003) *The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850.* Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8.

## InfoBox

| *Suffolk* | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| Great Britain | |
| Name | HMS *Suffolk* |
| Ordered | 8 January 1761 |
| Builder | Randall, Rotherhithe |
| Launched | 22 February 1765 |
| Fate | Broken up, 1803 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | 74-gun third rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen | 1616 (bm) |
| Length | 168 ft 1+12 in (51.2 m) (gundeck) |
| Beam | 46 ft 9+58 in (14.3 m) |
| Depth of hold | 20 ft 2+12 in (6.2 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails |
| Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
| Armament | * 74 guns * Gundeck: 28 × 32-pounder guns * Upper gundeck: 28 × 18-pounder guns * QD: 14 × 9-pounder guns * Fc: 4 × 9-pounder guns |


title: Nannocampus

abstract:
Nannocampus is a genus of pipefishes native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans with these currently recognized species :
  - Nannocampus elegans J. L. B. Smith, 1953
  - Nannocampus lindemanensis
  - Nannocampus pictus
  - Nannocampus subosseus Günther, 1870
  - Nannocampus weberi Duncker, 1915

text:
# Nannocampus

***Nannocampus*** is a genus of pipefishes native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans with these currently recognized species :

## InfoBox

| *Nannocampus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Syngnathiformes |
| Family: | Syngnathidae |
| Subfamily: | Syngnathinae |
| Genus: | *Nannocampus*
Günther, 1870 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Nannocampus subosseus*
Günther, 1870 | |
| Synonyms | |
| *Mannarichthys* Dawson, 1977 | |


title: HWU transmitter

abstract: The HWU transmitter is a French facility for transmitting orders to submerged submarines of the French Navy. Situated near Rosnay at 46°42'47"N, 1°14'39"E, it is one of the largest radio transmitters in France and is visible on satellite pictures although it is completely blurred out. It uses an antenna carried by thirteen guyed masts, which are, together with the masts of the Allouis longwave transmitter, the tallest structures in France. The HWU transmitter works on 18.3 kHz, 20.9 kHz and 21.7 kHz. Its transmissions can be easily received in Europe when the transmitters are active by using a PC sound card connected to a receiving coil and FFT software. Although the signals are very easy to receive, it may be impossible to decipher them without knowing the cipher and key used in the communications.

text:
# HWU transmitter

The **HWU transmitter** is a French facility for transmitting orders to submerged submarines of the French Navy. Situated near Rosnay at 46°42'47"N, 1°14'39"E, it is one of the largest radio transmitters in France and is visible on satellite pictures although it is completely blurred out. It uses an antenna carried by thirteen guyed masts (the tallest one 357 m, 6 of 310 m, 6 of 270 m), which are, together with the masts of the Allouis longwave transmitter, the tallest structures in France.

The HWU transmitter works on 18.3 kHz, 20.9 kHz and 21.7 kHz. Its transmissions can be easily received in Europe when the transmitters are active by using a PC sound card connected to a receiving coil and FFT software. Although the signals are very easy to receive, it may be impossible to decipher them without knowing the cipher and key used in the communications.

46°42′47″N 1°14′39″E / 46.71306°N 1.24417°E / 46.71306; 1.24417


title: Nancy Boyd-Franklin

abstract: Nancy Boyd-Franklin is an American psychologist and writer. She is the author of five books and numerous articles on ethnicity and family therapy, and was invited by President Bill Clinton to speak at the first White House Conference on AIDS.

text:
# Nancy Boyd-Franklin

**Nancy Boyd-Franklin** (born June 13, 1950) is an American psychologist and writer. She is the author of five books and numerous articles on ethnicity and family therapy, and was invited by President Bill Clinton to speak at the first White House Conference on AIDS.

## Life and education

Boyd-Franklin was born in Harlem, New York City, on June 13, 1950, to Regina and Rudolph Boyd. Her father was a police officer and her mother a teacher. Her mother's family came from Jamaica and her father's family from North Carolina. She was raised in the Bronx with her three siblings.

After graduating high school, Boyd-Franklin attended Swarthmore College, where she earned her bachelors of science in 1972. She continued her studies of clinical psychology at Teachers College, Columbia University, earning her Masters of Science in 1974 and her doctorate in 1977. Boyd-Franklin has stated that her interest in pursuing psychology stems from her wanting Black families to benefit from the psychological work she was doing, noting that her goal was to "change the way the field looked at \[Black\] families."

Boyd-Franklin is married to Dr. Anderson J. Franklin, who is also a psychologist. The couple has one child together, and she is the step-mother of Franklin's three kids from a previous marriage.

In her work, she includes personal anecdotes for readers to relate to that give insight into her own life and family; such as her reference to "The Talk" in her book A*dolescents at Risk* in which she describes the discussion of police brutality with Black children. She also speaks to her experience, both personal and professional, with ensuring the inclusion of Black men in the process of treating patients, couples or families, and how other factors, like power dynamics, are crucial to understand in order to combat the assumptions in therapy based on gender.

## Work

Boyd-Franklin is a distinguished professor of psychology at the Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology at Rutgers University. As a professor at Rutgers, Nancy Boyd-Franklin has taught, and continues to teach, five different courses– Advanced Supervision in Family Therapy, Advanced Family Therapy, Supervision with African-American Families, Family Therapy, and Psychological Intervention with Ethnically and Racially Diverse Populations. Her books include *Black Families in Therapy: A Multisystem Approach*; *Children, Families, and HIV/AIDS: Psychosocial and Therapeutic Issues*; *Reaching Out in Family Therapy: Home-Based, School and Community Intervention* with Brenna Bry, PhD; and *Boys Into Men: Raising Our African American Teenage Sons* with A.J. Franklin, PhD. Boyd-Franklin attributes the ideas in the first edition of *Black Families in Therapy* to the work she did in a community mental health center at the University of Medicine and Dentistry in Newark, NJ. The second edition of her book *Black Families in Therapy: Understanding the African American Experience* was published in 2006. This book was then put on Self Magazine's *9 Books by Black Therapists to Help You Process Your Emotions* in the summer of 2020, following the murder of George Floyd.

Outside of writing books, Boyd-Franklin has also published articles including *Mentoring, Scholarship, and the Professional Extended Family: The Legacy of Dr. Joseph White*, a tribute to the work of Dr. Joseph White, the recognized founder of Black Psychology. She is known for developing home-based and community-based therapies servicing Black families, bringing psychology to the clients instead of waiting until clients come to the clinic. This system helps to organize and implement a treatment plan at the nuclear family, extended family, and systems levels. Boyd-Franklin also established the Rutgers-Somerset Counseling Program, which is a school and community-based prevention program created to address the increase in aggression and violence in female students.

## Awards

In 1974, Boyd-Franklin was named Thomas J. Watson Fellow, which allowed her to study language and community in East and West Africa. 1991, she was cited for her Pioneering Contribution to the Field of Family Therapy by the American Family Therapy Association. In 1994, Boyd-Franklin was named Distinguished Psychologist of the Year by the Association of Black Psychologists. Boyd-Franklin received an honorary doctorate from the Phillips Graduate Institute in 2006. She was also awarded for Outstanding Contributions to the Theory, Practice and Research on Psychotherapy with Women from Division 35 of the American Psychological Association (APA) in 1996, the Carolyn Attneave Diversity Award from Division 43 of the APA in 1995, and the Charles and Shirley Thomas Award from Division 45 of the APA in 2001. In addition, she has also received awards from the Association of Black Social Workers and the American Psychiatric Association. Boyd-Franklin was given the Janet E. Helms Award from Teachers College, Columbia University in 2013, and the Ernest E. McMahon Award from Rutgers University.

## InfoBox

| Nancy Boyd-Franklin | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Nancy Boyd
(1950-06-13) June 13, 1950
Harlem, New York, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Swarthmore College |
| Alma mater | Teachers College, Columbia University (MS, PhD) |
| Known for | * Psychology of the black family * Psychosocial and therapeutic issues of HIV/AIDS |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields |  |
| Institutions |  |
| Thesis | *Clinicians' perceptions of Black families in therapy*  (1977) |
|  | |


title: Nancy Boy

abstract: "Nancy Boy" is a song by British alternative rock band Placebo, released on 20 January 1997, as the fourth single from their debut self-titled album, released on Hut Records. As with their first single "Come Home", the single edit is a re-recorded version, noticeably different from the album version. "Nancy Boy" contains themes of drugs, sex, gender confusion and bisexuality. "Nancy Boy" became their breakthrough single, peaking at number four in the UK Singles Chart a month after the single's release. While Placebo charted at number forty upon its release, after the release of "Nancy Boy" the album re-entered the UK Albums Chart at number five in February, staying on chart for thirteen weeks.

text:
# Nancy Boy

"**Nancy Boy**" is a song by British alternative rock band Placebo, released on 20 January 1997, as the fourth single from their debut self-titled album, released on Hut Records. As with their first single "Come Home", the single edit is a re-recorded version, noticeably different from the album version. "Nancy Boy" contains themes of drugs, sex, gender confusion and bisexuality. "Nancy Boy" became their breakthrough single, peaking at number four in the UK Singles Chart a month after the single's release. While *Placebo* charted at number forty upon its release, after the release of "Nancy Boy" the album re-entered the UK Albums Chart at number five in February, staying on chart for thirteen weeks.

## Background

Placebo were formed in 1994, when Brian Molko and Stefan Olsdal met each other at the South Kensington tube station. Molko, observing that Olsdal had a guitar strapped to his back, invited Olsdal to watch him perform at a local bar. On the strength of Molko's performance, Olsdal decided that they should start a band. The two formed Ashtray Heart, a lo-fi duo, playing mostly on children's toy instruments. They decided they needed a drummer, and suggested Steve Hewitt, but he was drumming for London band Breed. Robert Schultzberg then became their drummer. Schultzberg had known Olsdal from boarding school in Sigtuna, Sweden where they'd played together in a band.

On 23 October 1995, they performed "Nancy Boy" on the TV program *Unsigned in the City*. They released their debut single "Come Home" on Deceptive records in 1996, before being signed by Hut Records. They then recorded their debut album, being released on 17 June 1996.

After an argument in August 1996, right before doing their first TV show, Molko decided that it would be best for the band if Schultzberg left. But Schultzberg suggested playing together until they finished the promotion of their first album, *Placebo*, and the band accepted. Eventually, Schultzberg left the band in September 1996. Before going on stage for their first show in the state of New York, Olsdal informed Schultzberg that he would not perform on the tour in Germany that was following the US tour. Schultzberg played two more shows with the band in Paris after the US tour, the last of which was a performance at Nulle Part Aillleurs. Molko has said that he was "tired of being the focus of Robert's rages against the world." Hewitt joined Placebo as their full-time drummer the same year.

## Lyrics

"Nancy Boy" revolves around the themes of drugs, sex and bisexuality. In 1997, Molko reportedly said, "Sonically, we tried to capture a kind of drug-induced sexual rush". The line "Eyeholes in a paper bag/greatest lay I ever had" is saying that the character in the song is ugly, but is trying to reach some sort of beauty, as Molko said "I guess it's saying you can be ugly and be an amazing lay; it doesn't really matter." The song also criticises people who think it is "fashionable to be gay"; Molko noted that "In the song, I'm questioning people's reasons for sleeping with people of the same sex. In the same way that heroin is very hip today, being bisexual seems to be very chic."

## Release

"Nancy Boy" was released in the UK on 20 January 1997 through Hut/Elevator Music, from their debut album *Placebo*. The single became an unexpected success, going straight to number four in the UK Singles Chart upon its release. The band were booked to perform the track on Top of the Pops, performing on it on 31 January 1997. On 18 May 1997, the band performed "Nancy Boy" and "Teenage Angst" on Jools Holland. *Placebo* had originally charted at number forty in the UK Albums Chart upon release, but, with the success of "Nancy Boy", the album then re-entered the charts in February at number five, and went gold in May.

## Music video

On 25 January, the video for "Nancy Boy" was released, directed by Howard Greenhalgh The video features the band performing the track in a colourful room with flashing lights. Images of the band members are distorted. Drummer Steve Hewitt is portrayed throughout with a blurred face because he was still contractually obligated to another band on a different label. In parts of the video, Molko's and Olsdal's faces are merged. In other cutaway scenes, there are various strange objects. In a recurring part of the video, a man's head and shoulders are seen stuck to a table with spikes coming out of it. In other parts a man lies on a bed as a strange-looking woman uses a defibrillator on him. Other scenes in the video feature a fist with legs and a bathtub full of legs.

## Live performances

The song was part of the band's repertoire prior to the release of their debut album and it was a regular until the *Black Market Music* tour. Due to the band's ambivalent relationship with the song, it's had a somewhat varied history since. The song returned to the setlist during festival performances in the latter legs of the *Sleeping with Ghosts* tour and was performed until the early legs of the *Meds* tour. After several performances during the band's stint on the 2007 Projekt Revolution tour, it was not performed again until 2010, when the song was used as the opener for the EXIT festival in Serbia. After that it became a regular opener for the rest of the *Battle for the Sun* tour, in the later part of 2010. On the *We Come In Pieces* DVD, it was the opening track on the first disc of the DVD.

## Track listings

## Charts

| Chart (1997) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 158 |
| Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) | 19 |
| Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40) | 19 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 5 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 4 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "Nancy Boy" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Placebo | |
| from the album  *Placebo* | |
| B-side | "Slackerbitch" |
| Released | 20 January 1997 (1997-01-20) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 3:48 (album version)
3:18 (radio edit) |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Phil Vinall |
| Placebo singles chronology | |
| "Teenage Angst"
(1996) "**Nancy Boy**"
(1997) "Pure Morning"
(1998) | |


title: Haasdonk

abstract: Haasdonk is a village and deelgemeente (sub-municipality) of Beveren in East Flanders, Belgium. Haasdonk was an independent municipality until 1 January 1977, when it merged with Beveren as part of the fusion of municipalities in Belgium. It is located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Antwerp.

text:
# Haasdonk

**Haasdonk** is a village and *deelgemeente* (sub-municipality) of Beveren in East Flanders, Belgium. Haasdonk was an independent municipality until 1 January 1977, when it merged with Beveren as part of the fusion of municipalities in Belgium. It is located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Antwerp.

## History

Haasdonk is a road village which developed on the Roman road to Ghent. The village was first mentioned in 1150 when it became an independent parish.

In 1795, during the French period, Haasdonk became the seat of a canton and was governed by the infamous Jan Benedict de Kever. In 1798, all men between the age of the 20 and 25 were forcibly conscripted in the French Army which resulted in the Peasants' War, and Haasdonk became one of the centres of revolt. The canton was dissolved in 1800.

During the 20th century, Haasboek evolved from an agricultural community into a commuter's village. It used to be an independent municipality until 1977 when it was merged into Beveren.

## Buildings and structures

Between 1906 and 1914, Fort van Haasdonk was constructed as part of the National Redoubt to protect Antwerp against an attack from the west. The fortress saw no action during World War I, and was taken by the Germans after the surrender of Antwerp. It was extended with bunkers against a possible attack by the Netherlands. The story repeated itself during World War II, and Flak guns were added to fortress. In 1944, it was used by the Allied forces. Nowadays, it is private property and home to colony of bats.

The St Jacobus de Meerdere Church was founded in the 12th century. It was destroyed by Spanish troops in 1576. In 1609, it was replaced by a wooden church which in turn was replaced by a stone church in 1719. Between 1845 and 1875, the church was extensively modified and rebuilt into a three aisled basilica-like church without transepts in Gothic Revival style.

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Haasdonk | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Former town hall | |
| HaasdonkLocation in Belgium | |
| Coordinates: 51°10′46″N 4°14′18″E / 51.1794°N 4.2382°E / 51.1794; 4.2382 | |
| Country | Belgium |
| Region | Flemish Region |
| Province | East Flanders |
| Municipality | Beveren |
| Area | |
| Total | 10.34 km2 (3.99 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 4,357 |
| Density | 420/km2 (1,100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET |


title: Haasea

abstract: Haasea is a genus of millipedes in the family Haaseidae. This genus is the largest in this family, with 17 accepted species. Millipedes in this genus have either 28 or 30 segments.

text:
# Haasea

***Haasea*** is a genus of millipedes in the family Haaseidae. This genus is the largest in this family, with 17 accepted species. Millipedes in this genus have either 28 or 30 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last).

## Distribution

Millipedes in this genus are widespread in central Europe, with a distribution across about 650 km from the Harz mountains in northern Germany down to the Durmitor massif in Montenegro, and from Luxembourg and the French-Swiss border across to the Eastern Carpathian mountains in Romania. Most species appear in the Alps and the Dinarides, also extending to the Bohemian massif, the Ore mountains, the Sudeten mountains, and both the Western and Eastern Carpathian mountains, across the Pannonian Basin, and to the Southern Carpathian mountains and the Balkan mountains. Although these millipedes are found in most of the Alps, they are absent from the Western Alps, including the Pennine Alps.

## Taxonomy

The German zoologist Karl W. Verhoeff first proposed *Haasea* in 1895 as a subgenus in the genus *Craspedosoma* to contain three species, including *C. flavescens*. Later in same year, however, the American biologists Orator F. Cook and Guy N. Collins instead propose*d Xiphogona* as a genus for *C. flavescens*, which they designated as the type species. Verhoeff responded in 1897 by proposing *Orobainosoma* as a genus for the same species. In 1898, the Italian zoologist Filippo Silvestri proposed *Rhopalogona* as a genus to replace *Haasea*. More names and confusion followed, until the Dutch myriapodologist Casimir Albrecht Willem Jeekel recognized the validity of *Haasea* as a genus with *Haasea flavescens* as the type species in 1971. Authorities have since deemed all the other names proposed for this genus to be junior synonyms of *Haasea*.

## Description

Species in this genus have 28 or 30 segments and range from 6.5 mm to 12 mm in length. They vary in pigmentation, ranging from poorly pigmented to light or dark brown, but most species are a yellowish brown. Diagnostic features include the reduced size of the tenth leg pair in males compared to the other walking legs. Furthermore, the coxal processes of the posterior gonopods in the male have two or three branches rather than being unipartite.

## Species

This genus includes 17 species:

## InfoBox

| *Haasea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Myriapoda |
| Class: | Diplopoda |
| Order: | Chordeumatida |
| Family: | Haaseidae |
| Genus: | *Haasea*
Verhoeff, 1895 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Craspedosoma flavescens*
Latzel, 1884 | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Xiphogona* Cook, 1895 * *Orobainosoma* Verhoeff, 1897 * *Rhopalogona* Silvestri, 1898 * *Deuterohaasea* Verhoeff, 1898 | |


title: Warir

abstract: Warir, or Waiji, is an island in the Raja Ampat Archipelago of Southwest Papua, Indonesia. Situated in the Sele Strait, it lies off the eastern coast of the larger island of Salawati. It has an area of 42.8 square kilometres (16.5 sq mi), its length north to south is about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi), and its east-west extent varies between 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi). It is relatively low-lying, with no point exceeding an elevation of 80 metres (260 ft). Its interior is forested, with mangroves fringing the coastal areas, and some agricultural land in the north. The small settlement of Wamega is situated on the north-west coast. Warir has long been used for cultivation, and it has been important for the people of Samate and Kalobo villages of Salawati. For about a year during World War II, the island was inhabited by the people of Samate who had fled the Japanese occupation of their village. After the establishment of Indonesian rule since the 1960s, immigrant Bugis people have settled on the island. The waters around Warir fall within the Dampier Strait Marine Protected Area.

text:
# Warir

**Warir**, or **Waiji**, is an island in the Raja Ampat Archipelago of Southwest Papua, Indonesia. Situated in the Sele Strait, it lies off the eastern coast of the larger island of Salawati. It has an area of 42.8 square kilometres (16.5 sq mi), its length north to south is about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi), and its east-west extent varies between 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi). It is relatively low-lying, with no point exceeding an elevation of 80 metres (260 ft). Its interior is forested, with mangroves fringing the coastal areas, and some agricultural land in the north. The small settlement of **Wamega** is situated on the north-west coast.

Warir has long been used for cultivation, and it has been important for the people of Samate and Kalobo villages of Salawati. For about a year during World War II, the island was inhabited by the people of Samate who had fled the Japanese occupation of their village. After the establishment of Indonesian rule since the 1960s, immigrant Bugis people have settled on the island.

The waters around Warir fall within the Dampier Strait Marine Protected Area.

## Surroundings

To the west of Warir is the narrow and long **Lenna Strait** (*Selat Lenna*, width ranging between 0.5 and 1.1 km), which separates it from the mainland of Salawati, where the village of Kalobo is located facing Warir across the strait. The small islands of Waif, Motop, Kalobo Peleh and Kalobo Wei are located in the Lenna Strait. At the south shore of Warir, narrow creeks separate it from the three smaller islands of Warir Manyanyim (with an area of 0.3 km2), Warir Takektol (0.8 km2), an unnamed island with an area of 0.45 km2.

To the south-east, similar narrow creeks separate the islands of **Batimee** (4.6 km2) and **Winkle** (0.8 km2). Batimee in turn is surrounded by the tiny islands of Batimee Lil, Sobrain Maralol, Sobrain Sawi, and Batimee Ket. Further up north along the coast of Warir can be found the tiny island of Wamasinketo. The island of **Kasim**, also known as *Kasiem* or *Kasimraja* (0.17 km2), lies off the northeastern tip of Warir.

A few kilometres to the south-east across the strait of Sangoilin Mon lie the Kabra Islands.

## InfoBox

Warir
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| WarirWarir | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Sele Strait |
| Coordinates | 1°02′S 131°07′E / 1.03°S 131.12°E / -1.03; 131.12 |
| Area | 42.8 km2 (16.5 sq mi) |
| Length | 10 km (6 mi) |
| Coastline | 48.3 km (30.01 mi) |
| Administration | |
| **Indonesia** | |
| Province | Southwest Papua |
| Regency | Raja Ampat |


title: Wang Lu (beach volleyball)

abstract: Wang Lu is a female Chinese beach volleyball player who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics. In 2004, she was eliminated with her teammate You Wenhui in the first round of the women's beach volleyball competition.

text:
# Wang Lu (beach volleyball)

**Wang Lu** (Chinese: 王露; pinyin: *Wáng Lù*; born August 8, 1982, in Taiyuan, Shanxi) is a female Chinese beach volleyball player who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics.

In 2004, she was eliminated with her teammate You Wenhui in the first round of the women's beach volleyball competition.

## InfoBox

| Wang Lu | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | August 8, 1982 (1982-08-08) (age 42)<br>Taiyuan, Shanxi, China |
| Honours      Women's beach volleyball  Representing  China  Asian Games  2002 Busan  Beach | |


title: Narakattaramukku

abstract: Narakattaramukku is a nearby place of Neerattupuram. It is situated on Neerattupuram - Muttar - Alappuzha road in the Upper Kuttanad area and on the banks of Pampa River.

text:
# Narakattaramukku

**Narakattaramukku** is a nearby place of Neerattupuram. It is situated on Neerattupuram - Muttar - Alappuzha road in the Upper Kuttanad area and on the banks of Pampa River.

## InfoBox

| Narakattaramukku | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| Country | India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Alappuzha |
| Languages | |
| Official | Malayalam, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | KL- |


title: Ward Chapel AME Church

abstract: The Ward Chapel AME Church is a historic African Methodist Episcopal Church building at 319 N. 9th Street in Muskogee, Oklahoma. It was built in 1904, three years before Oklahoma achieved statehood. It was added to the National Register in 1984. It was deemed significant as "one of the oldest remaining social institutions in the black community of Muskogee"; it "is the oldest African Methodist Episcopal Church and the second oldest black Protestant church in Muskogee". It is a one-and-a-half-story 90 by 44 feet church, built of brick laid in running bond, painted yellow. The Ward Chapel congregation was founded in 1883. The 1904 church building "was built in 1904 to accommodate the growing congregation and to serve the spiritual and social needs of Muskogee's black community which numbered over 7,000 at the time of construction."

text:
# Ward Chapel AME Church

The **Ward Chapel AME Church** is a historic African Methodist Episcopal Church building at 319 N. 9th Street in Muskogee, Oklahoma. It was built in 1904, three years before Oklahoma achieved statehood. It was added to the National Register in 1984.

It was deemed significant as "one of the oldest remaining social institutions in the black community of Muskogee"; it "is the oldest African Methodist Episcopal Church and the second oldest black Protestant church in Muskogee". It is a one-and-a-half-story 90 by 44 feet (27 m × 13 m) church, built of brick laid in running bond, painted yellow.

The Ward Chapel congregation was founded in 1883. The 1904 church building "was built in 1904 to accommodate the growing congregation and to serve the spiritual and social needs of Muskogee's black community which numbered over 7,000 at the time of construction."

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Ward Chapel AME Church | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 319 N. 9th St., Muskogee, Oklahoma |
| Coordinates | 35°45′16″N 95°22′41″W / 35.75444°N 95.37806°W / 35.75444; -95.37806 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1904 |
| MPS | Black Protestant Churches of Muskogee TR |
| NRHP reference No. | 84003338 |
| Added to NRHP | September 25, 1984 |


title: Wannukandi Airport

abstract: Wannukandi Airport is an airport serving Wannukandi, in the Guna Yala comarca of Panama. The runway is on the Caribbean coast, and north approach and departures are over the water.

text:
# Wannukandi Airport

**Wannukandi Airport** (IATA: **NBL**, ICAO: **MPWN**) is an airport serving Wannukandi, in the Guna Yala comarca (indigenous province) of Panama. The runway is on the Caribbean coast, and north approach and departures are over the water.

## InfoBox

| Wannukandi Airport<br>San Blas Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Location | Wannukandi |
| Elevation AMSL | 6 ft / 2 m |
| Coordinates | 9°16′25″N 78°08′20″W / 9.27361°N 78.13889°W / 9.27361; -78.13889 |
| Map | |
| **MPWN**Location of the airport in Panama | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  m ft  18/36 730 2,395 Concrete | |
| Source: Bing Maps GCM | |


title: Nardis (album)

abstract: Nardis is an album by jazz guitarist Jimmy Raney with his son, Doug Raney, that was released in 1983 by SteepleChase.

text:
# Nardis (album)

***Nardis*** is an album by jazz guitarist Jimmy Raney with his son, Doug Raney, that was released in 1983 by SteepleChase.

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

## Track listing

1. "There Will Never Be Another You" (Harry Warren, Mack Gordon) – 5:46
2. "I Can't Get Started" (Vernon Duke, Ira Gershwin) – 10:11
3. "All God's Chillun Got Rhythm" (Walter Jurmann, Gus Kahn, Bronisław Kaper) – 6:01
4. "What's New?" (Bob Haggart, Johnny Burke) – 6:38
5. "Nardis" (Miles Davis) – 7:05
6. "Easy to Love" (Cole Porter) – 6:21
7. "Canon" (Jimmy Raney) – 5:17 Bonus track on CD reissue

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Nardis | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Jimmy Raney and Doug Raney | |
| Released | 1983 |
| Recorded | March 7, 1983 |
| Studio | Easy Sound Studio, Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 47:04 |
| Label | SteepleChase |
| Producer | Nils Winther |
| Jimmy Raney chronology | |
| *The Master*
(1983) ***Nardis***
(1983) *Wisteria*
(1985) | |
|  | |
| Doug Raney chronology | |
| *I'll Close My Eyes*
(1982) ***Nardis***
(1983) *Meeting the Tenors*
(1983) | |
|  | |


title: Nardine Garas

abstract: Nardine Garas, also known as Nardine Sameh Garas, is an Egyptian professional squash player. As of August 2022, she was ranked number 78 in the world. She won the 2022 PSA des Hauts de France.

text:
# Nardine Garas

**Nardine Garas** (born 19 December 2003 in Cairo), also known as **Nardine Sameh Garas**, is an Egyptian professional squash player. As of August 2022, she was ranked number 78 in the world. She won the 2022 PSA des Hauts de France.

1. "PSA World Tour Rankings - The Professional Squash Association". *psaworldtour.com*.
2. Nardine Garas at Squash Info
3. "PSA des Hauts de France 2022". *PSA Squash Tour*. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

## InfoBox

Nardine Garas
| Country | Egypt |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (2003-12-19) 19 December 2003<br>Cairo, Egypt |
| Turned Pro | 2019 |
| Retired | Active |
| Women's singles | |
| Highest ranking | No. 77 (July 2022) |
| Current ranking | No. 78 (August 2022) |
| Updated on August 2022. | |


title: We Will Not Fade Away

abstract: We Will Not Fade Away is a 2023 Ukrainian documentary film written and directed by Alisa Kovalenko. The film was made with a children and teenager centric theme as it reflects the lives of youngsters who aspire to achieve their life goals amid uncertain chaotic circumstances which threaten to demolish their dreams and hopes. The film premiered in the Generation 14plus section at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival on 19 February 2023. The film also premiered in the creative documentaries section at the 2023 Geneva International Film Festival and Forum on Human Rights.

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# We Will Not Fade Away

***We Will Not Fade Away*** is a 2023 Ukrainian documentary film written and directed by Alisa Kovalenko. The film was made with a children and teenager centric theme as it reflects the lives of youngsters who aspire to achieve their life goals amid uncertain chaotic circumstances which threaten to demolish their dreams and hopes. The film premiered in the Generation 14plus section at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival on 19 February 2023. The film also premiered in the creative documentaries section at the 2023 Geneva International Film Festival and Forum on Human Rights.

## Synopsis

The documentary focuses on the plight of the Ukrainians and it has been portrayed through the lives of five teenagers namely Andriy, Ruslan, Ilya, Lisa and Lera who are living in the conflict-ridden Donbas region of Ukraine. The documentary dates back to 2019 where bombings can be heard in the background. However, things take swift turnaround as the teenagers receive a golden opportunity to embark on a journey to Nepal for the Himalayan expedition which eventually provides them a sigh of relief and also a sign of positive distraction for them in order to escape from the harsh reality.

## Production

The principal photography of the film began in 2019 and the filming predominantly took place in Eastern Ukraine where the director of the film Alisa Kovalenko spent three years for the shooting. The film was shot and set in the backdrop of Luhansk region in Zolotyi and Stanytsia Luhanska. The filming was wrapped up in 2022 coinciding with Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine which began in February 2022. The film was bankrolled by ARTE G.E.I.E., Current Time TV, East Roads Films and HAKA Films in a joint collaboration and support with State Film Agency of Ukraine, Polish Film Institute and IDFA Bertha Fund.

## InfoBox

| We Will Not Fade Away | |
| --- | --- |
| Official poster | |
| Directed by | Alisa Kovalenko |
| Screenplay by | Alisa Kovalenko |
| Produced by | * Valery Kalmykov * Oleksiy Kobelev * Yana Kalmykova |
| Cinematography | Alisa Kovalenko
Serhiy Stetsenko |
| Edited by | Marina Maykovskaya |
| Music by | Wojciech Frycz |
| Production
companies | ARTE G.E.I.E.
Current Time TV
East Roads Films
HAKA Films |
| Release date | * 19 February 2023 (2023-02-19) (Germany) |
| Running time | 100 minutes |
| Countries | Ukraine
Poland
France |
| Languages | English
Ukrainian
Russian |


title: James Scott of Balwearie

abstract: James Scott of Balwearie was a Scottish landowner and supporter of the rebel earls. He was the son of Walter Scott of Balwearie and Janet Lindsay, a daughter of John Lindsay of Dowhill. His mother had been married to Andrew Lundie, and later married George Douglas, a son of Sir Robert Douglas of Lochleven Castle and Margaret Erskine. His lands were in Atholl in Perthshire, and he had houses in Fife, Balwearie Castle, near Kirkcaldy, and Killernie Castle. His grandfather, also William Scott of Balwearie, was a Lord of Session. His step-father, George Douglas, had helped Mary, Queen of Scots escape from Lochleven Castle in 1568. His younger brother Robert Scott was a servant of the rebel Earl of Bothwell. He was caught in Leith with the Earl's horse Grey Valentine by Sir John Carmichael in September 1591. He was shot and fatally wounded while raiding Holyrood Palace on 27 December 1591. On 27 June 1592 he joined with the Earl of Bothwell, the Laird of Niddrie and others to attack Falkland Palace, seeking to gain control of the king and Anne of Denmark. Scott was agent of the rebel Catholic lords in 1594. It was rumoured he was involved in a plot to depose James VI in favour of his infant son Prince Henry. Balwearie was captured on 11 January by the Provost of Edinburgh, Alexander Home of North Berwick and imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle. On 28 January 1595 he was interrogated and described a meeting in August 1594 at an ostler's house next to the Kirk of Menmuir with the Earls of Bothwell, Angus, Huntly, Erroll, Caithness and others including James Douglas of Spott. These nobles subscribed to a band, a treasonous league, to defend themselves against the king, James VI. At a second meeting in Angus a plan to capture James VI at Stirling Castle was discussed. Following their victory at the battle of Glenlivet, the Earl of Huntly sent a messenger to Flanders and the Pope to report their "happy success". Walter Scott of Buccleuch asked Anne of Denmark to intercede for his life. He was imprisoned and fined 12,000 Scottish merks. Balwearie, his brother Robert, and the younger Kinnaird of Carse were taken to Stirling Castle on 30 April 1595 and made to testify in the Chapel Royal before a group of Church ministers, who then agreed to excommunicate those with the earls at Menmuir. He died in 1606.

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# James Scott of Balwearie

**James Scott of Balwearie** (died 1606) was a Scottish landowner and supporter of the rebel earls.

He was the son of Walter Scott of Balwearie and Janet Lindsay, a daughter of John Lindsay of Dowhill. His mother had been married to Andrew Lundie, and later married George Douglas, a son of Sir Robert Douglas of Lochleven Castle and Margaret Erskine.

His lands were in Atholl in Perthshire, and he had houses in Fife, Balwearie Castle, near Kirkcaldy, and Killernie Castle.

His grandfather, also William Scott of Balwearie, was a Lord of Session. His step-father, George Douglas, had helped Mary, Queen of Scots escape from Lochleven Castle in 1568.

His younger brother Robert Scott was a servant of the rebel Earl of Bothwell. He was caught in Leith with the Earl's horse Grey Valentine by Sir John Carmichael in September 1591. He was shot and fatally wounded while raiding Holyrood Palace on 27 December 1591.

On 27 June 1592 he joined with the Earl of Bothwell, the Laird of Niddrie and others to attack Falkland Palace, seeking to gain control of the king and Anne of Denmark.

Scott was agent of the rebel Catholic lords in 1594. It was rumoured he was involved in a plot to depose James VI in favour of his infant son Prince Henry. Balwearie was captured on 11 January by the Provost of Edinburgh, Alexander Home of North Berwick and imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle. On 28 January 1595 he was interrogated and described a meeting in August 1594 at an ostler's house next to the Kirk of Menmuir with the Earls of Bothwell, Angus, Huntly, Erroll, Caithness and others including James Douglas of Spott. These nobles subscribed to a band, a treasonous league, to defend themselves against the king, James VI. At a second meeting in Angus a plan to capture James VI at Stirling Castle was discussed. Following their victory at the battle of Glenlivet, the Earl of Huntly sent a messenger to Flanders and the Pope to report their "happy success".

Walter Scott of Buccleuch asked Anne of Denmark to intercede for his life. He was imprisoned and fined 12,000 Scottish merks.

Balwearie, his brother Robert, and the younger Kinnaird of Carse were taken to Stirling Castle on 30 April 1595 and made to testify in the Chapel Royal before a group of Church ministers, who then agreed to excommunicate those with the earls at Menmuir.

He died in 1606.

## Family

James Scott married Elizabeth Wardlaw, daughter of Andrew Wardlaw of Torrie. Their children included:

* Barbara Scott, who married David Graham of Fintry.
* Janet Scott, who married John Boswell, son of John Boswell of Balmuto
* James Scott of Logie, who married Katherine Creick.


title: Tribunal (TV series)

abstract: Tribunal is an Australian television series which aired in 1963 to early 1964 on Sydney station ATN-7. Actors played controversial historical figures such as Brutus, General Custer, Lizzie Borden and Richard III, who were interrogated about their actions by Alastair Duncan. The series aired in time-slots ranging from 10 minutes to 15 minutes. Despite airing in an era where Australian television series were often wiped, many of the episodes are held by the National Film and Sound Archive.

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# Tribunal (TV series)

***Tribunal*** is an Australian television series which aired in 1963 to early 1964 on Sydney station ATN-7. Actors played controversial historical figures such as Brutus, General Custer, Lizzie Borden and Richard III, who were interrogated about their actions by Alastair Duncan. The series aired in time-slots ranging from 10 minutes to 15 minutes.

Despite airing in an era where Australian television series were often wiped, many of the episodes are held by the National Film and Sound Archive.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| *Tribunal* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Talk show |
| Presented by | Alastair Duncan |
| Country of origin | Australia |
| Original language | English |
| Production | |
| Running time | 10-15 minutes |
| Original release | |
| Network | ATN-7 |
| Release | 1963 (1963) <br>1964 (1964) |