title: Fukuoka family murder case

abstract: Fukuoka family murder case The Fukuoka family murder case was a robbery-murder by Wei Wei and two other Chinese international students in the Higashi-ku ward of Fukuoka, Japan, on June 20, 2003. In 2004, Judge Hiroshi Suyama indicted Wei Wei for murdering Shinjiro Matsumoto and his family. The Japanese Minister of Justice Masako Mori sentenced Wei Wei to death for murder, and Wei was executed in 2019.

text:
# Fukuoka family murder case

The **Fukuoka family murder case** (福岡一家4人殺害事件, *Fukuoka ikka yonin satsugai jiken*) was a robbery-murder by Wei Wei (Chinese: 魏巍; pinyin: *Wèi Wēi*) and two other Chinese international students in the Higashi-ku ward of Fukuoka, Japan, on June 20, 2003.

In 2004, Judge Hiroshi Suyama indicted Wei Wei for murdering Shinjiro Matsumoto and his family.

The Japanese Minister of Justice Masako Mori sentenced Wei Wei to death for murder, and Wei was executed in 2019.

## Outline of the incident

On June 20, 2003, the bodies of Shinjiro Matsumoto (松本 真二郎, *Matsumoto Shinjirō*, age 41), his wife Chika (千加, age 40), and their two children (ages 8 and 11) were found in Hakata Bay handcuffed and weighed down with dumbbells. Shinjiro Matsumoto had been strangled with a tie, and Chika had been drowned in a bathtub. Their children had been otherwise strangled or smothered. Once the victims had been murdered, their bodies were transported by vehicle to Hakata Bay where they were discarded.

Three suspects were identified from witness testimony near the discovery site and surveillance camera footage from the store where the handcuffs and dumbbells used for the crime had been sold.

The first suspect, Wei Wei (魏巍), was a 24-year-old former language student in Japan. He was detained by police in another case. He pleaded guilty to four counts of murder but contended that he was not a central figure in the case and testified that the murder was the result of a plan to rob the family while they were at home.

The remaining two suspects, Yang Ning (simplified Chinese: 杨宁; traditional Chinese: 楊寧; pinyin: *Yáng Níng*, written in Japanese as 楊寧) and Wang Liang (Chinese: 王亮; pinyin: *Wáng Liàng*), were also students. They had fled to Mainland China after the murders and were arrested there.

The three assailants said, "I committed a crime for the purpose of robbery". Chika and Shinjiro ran a high-end restaurant, and Wang arrived by accident on the way to a part-time job. On seeing a Mercedes-Benz parked outside the restaurant, Wang thought that, "There must be a bank deposit of around tens of millions of yen in Matsumoto's house." However, there are doubts that robbery was the main motive in the case. On February 5, 2004, the Japanese daily newspaper Nishinippon Shimbun reported, "For the purpose of robbery, the amount of cash stolen was as small as about 40,000 yen, and there were many suspicious points, such as the fact that valuables such as cameras were left behind. Besides the three, there is a suspicion that an accomplice may have been present."

## Progress of criminal trials

### Hearing by the Chinese side (Yang and Wang)

After fleeing Japan, Wang immediately started working, but drew the attention of police by "spending extravagantly" with money he had stolen. He was brought in for questioning and confessed to the murders, giving a detailed account of the crime, providing vital information which would lead to the arrest of Yang. Both men were formally taken into custody by Chinese authorities in August 2003, and indicted for murder in July 2004. On January 24, 2005, the Liaoyang Intermediate People's Court sentenced Yang to death and Wang to life imprisonment. Wang was spared execution due to his confession and cooperation with investigators. During the sentencing hearing, he kneeled down and apologized. Family members of the victims and many in the Japanese media condemned the life term as too lenient.

Yang was sentenced to death on February 3, 2005. His death sentence was confirmed by the Liaoyang Superior People's Court after a ruling which dismissed the appeal. Yang was executed on July 12, 2005, at the age of 25.

Yang and Wang's criminal trial in China proceeded in step with Wei's trial in Japan, but the Chinese government did not respond officially to Wei's prosecution. Commentators in Japan compared sentencing and public opinion toward the accused.

### Hearing by the Japanese side (Wei Wei)

Wei was indicted in Japan on March 23, 2004, by Judge Hiroshi Suyama of the Fukuoka District Court. The fact of prosecution was largely confirmed in the first trial, and on February 1, 2005, opening statements began regarding whether the Fukuoka District Public Prosecutors Office should seek the death penalty.

During the first trial on May 19, 2005, the Fukuoka District Court (Presiding Judge Kawaguchi) sentenced Wei to death. After accepting to hear Wei's case, the Court of Appeals broke with the District Court's silence, yielding detailed testimony on the motive, the criminal process, the role of the three assailants, and Wei's apology to the victims' bereaved family. On March 8, 2007, the Court of Appeals upheld the decision of the District Court in favor of the death sentence.

Wei's appeal to the Supreme Court was dismissed by the presiding judge, Isamu Shiraki (白木 勇, *Shiraki Isamu*), on October 20, 2011. The death sentence was finalized in the following month.

Approximately eight years and one month after Wei's death sentence was finalised, Minister of Justice Masako Mori issued an execution order for Wei on December 23, 2019. On December 26, he was executed at Fukuoka Detention House at the age of 40.

## InfoBox

Fukuoka family murder case
| Native name | 福岡一家4人殺害事件 |
| --- | --- |
| English name | Fukuoka family murder case |
| Date | June 20, 2003 (2003-06-20) |
| Location | Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan |
| Type | Robbery-murder |
| Target | Matsumoto family |
| Convicted | Wei Wei, Yang Ning, Wang Liang |
| Sentence | Wei: Death (Executed 26 December 2019)
Yang: Death (Executed 12 July 2005)
Wang: Life imprisonment |


title: Fyzal Boulifa

abstract: Fyzal Boulifa is a British–Moroccan filmmaker. Born in Leicester to Moroccan immigrant parents, his early work includes short films like The Curse (2012), a BAFTA-nominated film about a persecuted young Moroccan woman, and Rate Me (2015), which portrays a teenage escort through online reviews. Boulifa's transition to feature films was marked by Lynn + Lucy (2020), a critically acclaimed exploration of working-class life in Essex. His second feature, The Damned Don't Cry (2022), set in Morocco, follows a mother and son navigating poverty and exploitation. His work is known for featuring untrained actors.

text:
# Fyzal Boulifa

**Fyzal Boulifa** (born 1985) is a British–Moroccan filmmaker. Born in Leicester to Moroccan immigrant parents, his early work includes short films like *The Curse* (2012), a BAFTA-nominated film about a persecuted young Moroccan woman, and *Rate Me* (2015), which portrays a teenage escort through online reviews. Boulifa's transition to feature films was marked by *Lynn + Lucy* (2020), a critically acclaimed exploration of working-class life in Essex. His second feature, *The Damned Don't Cry* (2022), set in Morocco, follows a mother and son navigating poverty and exploitation. His work is known for featuring untrained actors.

## Early life and education

Boulifa was born and raised in Leicester. His parents had immigrated to the United Kingdom from Morocco, working as nursing assistants and later also running an ice cream van. Boulifa watched videos brought home by his brother and developed a passion for horror movies as a child. This interest evolved into a fascination with underground films and "weird" Asian cinema, eventually leading to a broader appreciation for world cinema.

At 17 Boulifa dropped out of school and left home for London, where he briefly studied film at the London College of Communication. However, he found the experience unsatisfying, stating, "it didn’t seem serious. I just wasn’t very happy in institutions generally." This led him to pursue a DIY approach, making short films "on a trial and error basis," during a time when there was development funding targeted at filmmakers from regional and ethnic minority backgrounds. He has stated that only his last two short films were worth watching, acknowledging the element of recklessness in his early work, stating, "There was this element of, ‘this is the only thing that I can do. So it has to work." In an interview with the British Council, Boulifa recalls that while skipping college once, he stumbled upon Carl Theodor Dreyer's *Day of Wrath* at Leicester's only arthouse cinema, an experience that deeply impacted him and solidified his reverence for cinema as a powerful art form. He also noted that he initially aspired to be a film critic, influenced by reading Robert Bresson's *Notes on the Cinematographer*, although he eventually embraced filmmaking.

## Career

Boulifa relocated to Paris in his late twenties, partly motivated by the historical colonial ties between France and Morocco, which facilitated obtaining financing for filming in Morocco. His film career began with *The Curse*, a 2012 short film shot in Morocco, which tells the story of a young Moroccan woman persecuted by children after being seen with a man outside a desert settlement. The film was nominated for a BAFTA. His 2015 short, *Rate Me*, offers a portrait of a teenage escort through 12 online user reviews. Both short films won the Illy Prize for Best Short Film at the Cannes Directors’ Fortnight section.

Boulifa's transition to feature films was marked by *Lynn + Lucy* in 2020, a social-realist narrative about two working-class women from Essex, which initially surprised audiences given Boulifa's background as a gay British Moroccan who grew up in Leicester and lived in Paris at the time. The film received critical acclaim, challenging perceptions of identity and environment. In 2023, he released his second feature, *The Damned Don't Cry*. Set in Morocco, the film follows a mother and son living in poverty, navigating lives of exploitation and shame.

Boulifa has gained recognition for his skill in directing untrained actors, with Roxanne Scrimshaw receiving praise for her debut in *Lynn + Lucy*. He continued this trend with Aicha Tebbae and Abdellah El Hajjouji, previously unknown Moroccan actors, delivering acclaimed performances as mother and son in *The Damned Don't Cry.*

## Filmography

### Short films

* *Afternoon* (2007)
* *Whore* (2009)
* *Burn my Body* (2010)
* *The Curse* (2012)
* *Rate Me* (2015)

### Feature films

## Personal life

Boulifa is gay. As of July 2023, he lives in South London.

## InfoBox

| Fyzal Boulifa | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1985<br>Leicester, United Kingdom |
| Notable work |  |


title: FÉG 37M Pistol

abstract: The FÉG 37M is a Hungarian semi-automatic pistol based on a design by Rudolf Frommer.

text:
# FÉG 37M Pistol

The FÉG **37M** is a Hungarian semi-automatic pistol based on a design by Rudolf Frommer.

## Design

It was an improvement over the earlier Frommer 29M. It was made in 2 chamberings. The .380 ACP (9x17mmSR) chambered version was used by the Hungarian Army, while the .32 ACP (7.65x17mmSR) version was supplied to Hungary's German allies during World War II. The former, was known in Hungarian service as the M1937.

The latter, in German service during World War II, was known as Pistole 37(u), pistole M 37 Kal. 7,65 mm or P37. The main difference between this and the other variants is that the "German" version had a manual safety (which the Hungarian issue did not have) and was marked "Pistole M 37 Kal. 7.65" and the FEG code "jhv" and date, along with the Waffenamt markings. Though it was produced under more strain due to the rate by which they wanted them produced, it was still a reliable pistol. 150 - 300,000 pistols were completed this way. Some partially finished post war models were also issued, and there was an attempt to produce the gun after the war, but without success.

* Media related to FEG 37M at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Frommer 37.M Pisztoly | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Type | Semi-automatic pistol |
| Place of origin | Hungary |
| Service history | |
| In service | Approximately 20 years some postwar police |
| Used by | Nazi Germany, Hungary |
| Wars | Slovak-Hungarian War
World War II
Hungarian Revolution of 1956 |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Rudolf Frommer |
| Designed | 1936 |
| Manufacturer | Fémáru, Fegyver és Gépgyár (FÉG) |
| Produced | 1937–1944 |
| No. built | 175,000–300,000 |
| Variants | 3 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 770g (27.7 oz) |
| Length | 182 mm (7.17 in) |
| --- | |
| Cartridge | .380 ACP, .32 ACP |
| Caliber | .32, .38 |
| Action | blowback operated automatic pistol |
| Muzzle velocity | 984 ft/s (300 m/s) |
| Feed system | 7 rounds |
| Sights | Fixed, iron |


abstract: Together is an album by vocalist Joe Williams and trumpeter Harry "Sweets" Edison which was originally released on the Roulette label.

text:
# Together (Joe Williams and Harry Edison album)

***Together*** is an album by vocalist Joe Williams and trumpeter Harry "Sweets" Edison which was originally released on the Roulette label.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

AllMusic reviewer Scott Yanow stated "The *Together* set matches Williams and Edison with tenor saxophonist Jimmy Foster and a four-piece rhythm section that includes pianist Sir Charles Thompson. Among the highlights of the dozen standards are "I Don't Know Why", "Aren't You Glad You're You?", and "Lover Come Back to Me".

## Track listing

1. "Winter Weather" (Ted Shapiro) – 1:52
2. "I Don't Know Why (I Just Do)" (Fred E. Ahlert, Roy Turk) – 2:30
3. "There's a Small Hotel" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 2:19
4. "Out of Nowhere" (Johnny Green, Edward Heyman) – 2:14
5. "Aren't You Glad You're You?" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Burke) – 2:27
6. "Remember" (Irving Berlin) – 1:52
7. "Together" (Buddy DeSylva, Lew Brown) – 2:28
8. "Deep Purple" (Peter DeRose, Mitchell Parish) – 2:48
9. "Always" (Berlin) – 2:37
10. "Lover Came Back" (Victor Herbert, Frederika de Grasec, Harry B. Smith) – 4:05
11. "By the River Sainte Marie" (Edgar Leslie\]\], Harry Warren) – 1:57
12. "Alone Together" (Arthur Schwartz, Howard Dietz) – 2:30

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Together | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Joe Williams and Harry "Sweets" Edison | |
| Released | 1961 |
| Recorded | January 31 and February 1 & 2, 1961 |
| Studio | Los Angeles, CA |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Label | Roulette
R/SR 52069 |
| Producer | Teddy Reig |
| Joe Williams chronology | |
| *Sentimental & Melancholy*
(1961) ***Together***
(1961) *Have a Good Time with Joe Williams*
(1962) | |
|  | |
| Harry "Sweets" Edison chronology | |
| *Patented by Edison*
(1960) ***Together***
(1961) *Jawbreakers*
(1962) | |
|  | |


title: GCR Class 11B

abstract: Although overshadowed by the later and more famous steam locomotives that John G. Robinson would go on to design, the Great Central Railway Class 11B 4-4-0 Express Passenger engines were a successful class which totalled 40. Built from 1901 to 1903, in later rebuilt form as 11D, some 11Bs would last in service until 1950. Railwaymen continued to refer to the class as "11B" even after all were rebuilt to 11D. Being contemporary with and to some extent the 4-4-0 version of Robinson's much more numerous 0-6-0 goods class 9J, which were known as "Pom-Poms", the 11Bs acquired the nickname "Pom-Pom Bogies". The London & North Eastern Railway classified the 11Bs, along with their 11C and 11D rebuilds, as Class D9.

text:
# GCR Class 11B

Although overshadowed by the later and more famous steam locomotives that John G. Robinson would go on to design, the **Great Central Railway Class 11B** 4-4-0 Express Passenger engines were a successful class which totalled 40. Built from 1901 to 1903, in later rebuilt form as 11D, some 11Bs would last in service until 1950. Railwaymen continued to refer to the class as "11B" even after all were rebuilt to 11D. Being contemporary with and to some extent the 4-4-0 version of Robinson's much more numerous 0-6-0 goods class 9J, which were known as "Pom-Poms", the 11Bs acquired the nickname "Pom-Pom Bogies". The London & North Eastern Railway classified the 11Bs, along with their 11C and 11D rebuilds, as Class D9.

## Origins

When John G. Robinson took up the reins at Gorton there was a serious and immediate shortage of suitable locomotives. Part of the requirement was for express passenger engines for the newly completed London Extension. Pollitt's locomotives of class 11 were performing satisfactorily but the piston-valved 11A 4-4-0s, intended for use on Marylebone expresses had been problematic. There were also some previously ordered 4-2-2 'singles' being delivered, but Robinson decided that more powerful locomotives were required.

The 11Bs therefore emerged as a robust and substantially enlarged evolution of GCR Class 11, with the then-conventional slide valves. Gorton was busy at the time and the engines were needed urgently, so outside builders (Sharp, Stewart and Vulcan Foundry) were used. Delivery was rapid and 25 were in service by May 1902, 30 by March 1903 and all 40 by June 1904.

## Service history

As intended the 11Bs displaced Pollitt's 11As on the London Extension services, with engines shedded at Leicester, Gorton and Neasden.

The 11Bs were partially displaced in their turn by the arrival of Robinson's "Atlantics", a process largely completed by the arrival of the "Director" 4-4-0s. 11Bs then found uses on the older parts of the Great Central Railway network, based especially in Sheffield and Annesley, with others scattered elsewhere.

By the Grouping, increasing numbers of the engines had been rebuilt with larger superheated boilers and piston valves becoming GCR Class 11D. The last conversion was completed in 1927.

## Accidents and incidents

On 23 December 1904, locomotive No. 1040 was hauling an express passenger train which was derailed at Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire due to excessive speed on a curve. Four people were killed.

## Performance

The performance of these engines was very much overshadowed by later Robinson engines such as classes 8B, 11E, and 11F. Nevertheless, they must have been at least reasonably satisfactory from the start to merit the additional order of 10 in 1904. Hancox records them as reliable and capable of working nine bogie coaches. London Extension schedules from 1905, at which time the 11Bs were still working some of the best trains, needed average speeds of nearly 60 mph (97 km/h) and to keep these times much faster running must have been required. Even with relatively light loads this implies at the least a free-running locomotive. Their long lives (especially in later rebuilt form) suggest robust and trouble-free construction.

However effective they were, Robinson clearly identified a need for larger express passenger locomotives, with the 8B "Jersey Lilies" appearing in 1903, very soon after the 11Bs were delivered. There were also three distinct attempts to improve the 11Bs through rebuilding, creating 11C and eventually 11D (see below).

## Naming

Four of the class were given names, although strictly speaking only one - 1014 - carried a name when still class 11B:

| Year Named | Loco Number | Name | Named After | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1902 | 1014 | *Sir Alexander* | Sir Alexander Henderson, then newly created Baronet, director of the GCR | Name removed in 1913 on further ennoblement of Sir Alexander, who then became an 11E. |
| 1907 | 104 | *Queen Alexandra* | Queen Alexandra, consort of King Edward VII | Named on rebuilding to 11C |
| 1911 | 110 | *King George V* | King George V, successor to King Edward VII | Rebuilt to 11C prior to receiving its name |
| 1913 | 1021 | *Queen Mary* | Queen Mary, queen consort of King George V | Named in the course of rebuilding as the pioneer 11D. |

The nature of these titles demonstrates the high status that the engines enjoyed at the time they were named.

## Modifications

### Class 11B

As built, all 40 had cylinders incorporating slide valves; they also had boilers of 4 feet 9 inches (1.45 m) diameter, with fireboxes 7 feet 0 inches (2.13 m) long; they operated using saturated steam (i.e. the boilers did not have superheaters). These locomotives formed GCR Class 11B. The 11Bs were little changed from introduction until rebuilding as the superheated 11D starting with No. 1021 in 1913, except for two prior attempts to upgrade the class. The first was fitting of larger saturated boilers and modified pistons to Nos. 104 and 110 creating GCR Class 11C in 1907, apparently without significant success.

### Class 11C

Two locomotives, nos. 104 and 110, were rebuilt in 1907 with larger boilers: these were 5 feet 0 inches (1.52 m) diameter, with fireboxes 8 feet 6 inches (2.59 m) long; again, they were saturated, and these rebuilds were reclassified 11C. No. 110 lost its large boiler in August 1918, receiving a normal 11B boiler in replacement. The large boiler which had been removed was then fitted to no. 113 in October 1918, which was also given piston valves at the same time. Nos. 104 & 113 were rebuilt to class 11D in 1923.

### Class 11D

In 1909, no. 1026 was given a boiler of the same diameter as the 11C rebuilds, but with the same firebox length as the 11B class. It also received new cylinders, incorporating piston valves. This boiler was saturated, but from 1913 further boilers of this size, which incorporated superheaters, were fitted to the 11B class, each of which was then reclassified 11D. No. 1026 was so rebuilt in 1914, its previous boiler then being transferred to no. 105; it was removed again in 1916 when no. 105 received a normal 11B boiler. All the rebuilds were given piston valves at the same time as the large boilers, apart from five locomotives (1027/31/42, 112/3), which had already received piston valves anything from two to six years beforehand; and no. 105, which retained slide valves when first given a large boiler, receiving piston valves when fitted with a superheated boiler in 1923. The process of rebuilding to class 11D was completed in January 1927, by which time the GCR had become part of the LNER, which placed all 40 in class D9.

The first D9 was withdrawn by the LNER in 1939 and 26 remained in service on nationalization of the railways in 1948, mainly in operation on the ex Cheshire Lines Committee routes. The last example was retired from service in 1950.

## Models

In 1904 Bassett-Lowke produced a Gauge 1 model of an 11B, complete with appropriate coaches, in association with a Great Central Railway marketing initiative. The engine represented was No. 1014 'Sir Alexander'.

Notes Bibliography  * Boddy, M. G.; Brown, W. A.; Hennigan, W.; Neve, E.; Platt, E. N. T.; Russell, O.; Yeadon, W. B. (January 1981), Fry, E. V. (ed.), *Locomotives of the L.N.E.R., Part 3B: Tender Engines—Classes D1 to D12*, Kenilworth: RCTS, ISBN 0-901115-46-0
* Casserley, H.C. and Johnston S.W. (1974), *Locomotives at the Grouping - 2 - London & North Eastern Railway*, Ian Allan Ltd, ISBN 07110-0553-2
* Hancox, A.C. (1995), *The Harmonious Blacksmith Robinson*, The Stephenson Locomotive Society, ISBN 0-903881-03-9
* Hughes, Geoffrey (1988), *LNER 4-6-0s At Work*, Ian Allan Ltd, ISBN 1-901945-06-5
* Smith, Martin (July–August 1993), *Locomotives Illustrated 90: The Robinson Great Central 4-4-0s*, Worcester Park, Surrey: RAS Publishing, ISSN 0307-1804

## InfoBox

| Great Central Railway Class 11B | |
| --- | --- |
| 1014 *Sir Alexander* | |
| Type and origin  Power type Steam  Designer John G. Robinson  Builder   Build date 1901-02 (30), 1904 (10)  Total produced 40 | |
| Specifications  Configuration:
   Whyte 4-4-0  UIC 2'Bn2, later 2'Bh2  Gauge 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)  Leading dia. 3 ft 6 in (1.067 m)  Driver dia. 6 ft 9 in (2.057 m)  Length 56 ft 5.5 in (17.209 m)  Loco weight 55.7 long tons (56.6 t)  Firebox:   Grate area 21.17 sq ft (1.967 m2)  Boiler:
   Diameter 4 ft 9.5 in (1,460 mm) to 5 ft (1,500 mm)  Boiler pressure 180 psi (1.24 MPa)  Heating surface 1,260 sq ft (117 m2)  Superheater:
   Heating area 22 elements, 178 sq ft (16.5 m2)  Cylinders Two, inside  Cylinder size 18.5 in (470 mm) bore
26 in (660 mm) stroke  Valve gear Stephenson  Valve type Slide valves | |
| Performance figures  Tractive effort 17,385 lbf (77.33 kN) | |
| Career  Operators   Class * GCR: 11B * LNER: D9  Numbers * GCR: 1013-1042, 104–113 * LNER: 6013–6042, 5104-5113  Nicknames "Pom-Pom Bogies"  Withdrawn 1913–1927  Disposition Rebuilt to GCR class 11D | |


title: GCR Class 11F

abstract: The Great Central Railway Class 11F or Improved Director Class is a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotive designed by John G. Robinson for passenger work. The LNER classified them as Class D11 in 1923. They were based on the earlier GCR Class 11E "Director" class. There were two subclasses: D11/1 were the original GCR engines and D11/2 were those built in 1924 by the LNER to a reduced loading gauge with smaller boiler mountings for hauling passenger trains in Scotland.

text:
# GCR Class 11F

The Great Central Railway **Class 11F** or **Improved Director Class** is a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotive designed by John G. Robinson for passenger work. The LNER classified them as **Class D11** in 1923. They were based on the earlier GCR Class 11E "Director" class (LNER D10).

There were two subclasses: D11/1 were the original GCR engines and D11/2 were those built in 1924 by the LNER to a reduced loading gauge with smaller boiler mountings for hauling passenger trains in Scotland.

## Operational career

The 11F Class was initially used on passenger work on the GCR system, including fast expresses from Sheffield Victoria to London Marylebone. Later in their careers, they were used on short-distance passenger trains. On lines of the Cheshire Lines Committee during the late 1940s and early 1950s, they hauled expresses between Manchester Central and Liverpool Central; also semi-fast trains from Manchester Central via Northwich to Chester Northgate.

Their 6 ft 9 inches driving wheels made them fast locos, but consequently unsuitable for hauling freight trains. The eleven original 11F locos were withdrawn during 1959 and 1960 as diesel multiple units took over operation of the shorter distance passenger trains. The final Scottish D11/2 was withdrawn in January 1962.

## Preservation

The sixth member of the class, No. 506 *Butler-Henderson*, was withdrawn from use by British Railways during 1960. It has been preserved as part of the UK National Collection and currently wears restored GCR colours. No. 506 is the only surviving GCR passenger locomotive.

The locomotive operated passenger trains on the preserved Great Central Railway in Leicestershire during the late 1970s, 1980s and early 1990s but is now out of running order. The locomotive was placed on long-term loan for static display at Barrow Hill Engine Shed, near Chesterfield, in 2005, where she currently resides.

## Stock list

GCR/LNER stock list
| GCR No. | Name | Date built | LNER No. | 1946 LNER No. | BR No. | Date withdrawn | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 501 | *Mons* | September 1922 | 5501 | 2665 | 62665 | May 1959 |  |
| 502 | *Zeebrugge* | October 1922 | 5502 | 2666 | 62666 | December 1960 |  |
| 503 | *Somme* | November 1922 | 5503 | 2667 | 62667 | August 1960 |  |
| 504 | *Jutland* | November 1922 | 5504 | 2668 | 62668 | November 1960 |  |
| 505 | *Ypres* | December 1922 | 5505 | 2669 | 62669 | August 1960 |  |
| 506 | *Butler-Henderson* | December 1919 | 5506 | 2660 | 62660 | November 1960 | Preserved |
| 507 | *Gerard Powys Dewhurst* | February 1920 | 5507 | 2661 | 62661 | November 1960 |  |
| 508 | *Prince of Wales* | March 1920 | 5508 | 2662 | 62662 | August 1960 |  |
| 509 | *Prince Albert* | March 1920 | 5509 | 2663 | 62663 | May 1960 |  |
| 510 | *Princess Mary* | May 1920 | 5510 | 2664 | 62664 | August 1960 |  |
| 511 | *Marne* | December 1922 | 5511 | 2670 | 62670 | November 1960 |  |
| 1378 | *Bailie MacWheeble* | July 1924 | 6378 | 2671 | 62671 | May 1961 |  |
| 1379 | *Baron of Bradwardine* | August 1924 | 6379 | 2672 | 62672 | September 1961 |  |
| 1380 | *Evan Dhu* | August 1924 | 6380 | 2673 | 62673 | July 1959 |  |
| 1381 | *Flora MacIvor* | August 1924 | 6381 | 2674 | 62674 | July 1961 |  |
| 1382 | *Colonel Gardiner* | August 1924 | 6382 | 2675 | 62675 | October 1959 |  |
| 1383 | *Jonathan Oldbuck* | August 1924 | 6383 | 2676 | 62676 | October 1959 |  |
| 1384 | *Edie Ochiltree* | September 1924 | 6384 | 2677 | 62677 | August 1959 |  |
| 1385 | *Luckie Mucklebackit* | September 1924 | 6385 | 2678 | 62678 | March 1959 |  |
| 1386 | *Lord Glenallan* | October 1924 | 6386 | 2679 | 62679 | September 1958 | First one to be withdrawn |
| 1387 | *Lucy Ashton* | October 1924 | 6387 | 2680 | 62680 | September 1961 |  |
| 1388 | *Captain Craigengelt* | October 1924 | 6388 | 2681 | 62681 | July 1961 |  |
| 1389 | *Haystoun of Bucklaw* | October 1924 | 6389 | 2682 | 62682 | September 1961 |  |
| 1390 | *Hobbie Elliott* | October 1924 | 6390 | 2683 | 62683 | September 1958 |  |
| 1391 | *Wizard of the Moor* | October 1924 | 6391 | 2684 | 62684 | October 1959 |  |
| 1392 | *Malcolm Graeme* | October 1924 | 6392 | 2685 | 62685 | January 1962 | Last one to be withdrawn |
| 1393 | *The Fiery Cross* | October 1924 | 6393 | 2686 | 62686 | July 1961 |  |
| 1394 | *Lord James of Douglas* | October 1924 | 6394 | 2687 | 62687 | August 1961 |  |
| 1395 | *Ellen Douglas* | November 1924 | 6395 | 2688 | 62688 | July 1961 |  |
| 1396 | *Maid of Lorn* | November 1924 | 6396 | 2689 | 62689 | July 1961 |  |
| 1397 | *The Lady of the Lake* | November 1924 | 6397 | 2690 | 62690 | July 1961 |  |
| 1398 | *Laird of Balmawhapple* | November 1924 | 6398 | 2691 | 62691 | November 1961 |  |
| 1399 | *Allan-Bane* | November 1924 | 6399 | 2692 | 62692 | November 1959 |  |
| 1400 | *Roderick Dhu* | November 1924 | 6400 | 2693 | 62693 | November 1961 |  |
| 1401 | *James Fitzjames* | November 1924 | 6401 | 2694 | 62694 | November 1959 |  |
|

## Models

In 2012, Bachmann Branchline introduced models of the D11 in other Great Central liveries, LNER liveries and British Railway liveries. In 2012, Bachmann produced an exclusive OO gauge model of No. 506 *Butler-Henderson* for the National Railway Museum shop, as a hundred-piece limited edition in Great Central livery. Bachmann's general production run of the model totalled 1,500.

* Boddy, M.G.; Brown, W.A.; Hennigan, W.; Neve, E.; Platt, E.N.T.; Russell, O.; Yeadon, W.B. (January 1981). Fry, E.V. (ed.). *Locomotives of the L.N.E.R., part 3B: Tender Engines - Classes D1 to D12*. Kenilworth: RCTS. ISBN 0-901115-46-0.

## InfoBox

| GCR Class 11F
LNER Class D11 | |
| --- | --- |
| GCR Class 11F 62690 (LNER D11/2 No. 6397) *The Lady of the Lake* at Haymarket MPD, Edinburgh, in 1958 | |
| Type and origin  Power type Steam  Designer John G. Robinson  Builder   Build date 1919–1924  Total produced 35 | |
| Specifications  Configuration:
   Whyte 4-4-0  UIC 2′B h2  Gauge 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge  Leading dia. 3 ft 6 in (1.067 m)  Driver dia. 6 ft 9 in (2.057 m)  Length 56 ft 5.5 in (17.209 m)  Loco weight 61.15 long tons (62.13 t; 68.49 short tons)  Tender weight 48.30 long tons (49.08 t; 54.10 short tons)  Fuel type Coal  Fuel capacity 6 long tons 0 cwt (13,400 lb or 6.1 t)  Water cap. 4,000 imp gal (18,000 L; 4,800 US gal)  Firebox:   Grate area 26.5 sq ft (2.46 m2)  Boiler:
   Diameter 5 ft 0.5 in (1,537 mm) to 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm)  Boiler pressure 180 psi (1.24 MPa)  Heating surface:   Firebox 155 sq ft (14.4 m2)  Tubes 972 sq ft (90.3 m2)  Flues 416 sq ft (38.6 m2)  Total surface 1,543 sq ft (143.3 m2)  Superheater:
   Heating area 209 sq ft (19.4 m2)  Cylinders Two, inside  Cylinder size 20 in × 26 in (508 mm × 660 mm)  Valve gear Stephenson  Valve type 10 inches (254 mm) piston valves | |
| Performance figures  Tractive effort 19,645 lbf (87.4 kN) | |
| Career  Operators   Class * GCR: 11F * LNER: D11/1, D11/2  Power class BR: 3P2F  Withdrawn 1958–1962  Disposition One preserved, remainder scrapped | |


title: GCR Audio

abstract: GCR Audio, formerly known as Trackmaster Audio and Inner Machine Studios, is a recording studio at 564 Franklin Street in Buffalo, New York, United States. The building itself was originally a carriage house built in 1864, and converted to a Girls' School and Convent in 1890 named St. Mary's Seminary. The Chapel / Meeting room was converted by Alan Baumgardner and Kim Ferullo to a studio space designed by John Storyk of the Walters-Storyk Design Group in 1976, and operated as Trackmaster Audio and later, Ear Candy Audio, until 2000. The space hosted bands and musicians such as Yes, Melanie, Rick James, Ani DiFranco, Mark Russell, and Flaming Lips among others. The complex was redesigned and rebuilt in 2007 by John Rzeznik and Robby Takac of the Goo Goo Dolls. John Storyk and WSDG were brought back to the studio space to redesign the room for modern recording scenarios. The studio was opened as a private recording facility and renamed Inner Machine Studios. The Goo Goo Dolls used the space for recording their 2009 Something for the Rest of Us album with the engineer and record producer, Tim Palmer. Takac took over the studio operation and opened it to the public as GCR Audio in 2009. Justin Rose is the chief engineer and studio manager. GCR Audio is also home to Jay Zubricky Productions, and Film Kiln Productions. Some of the major acts who have recording credits at GCR Audio include Lil Wayne, B.o.B, Spyro Gyra, Goo Goo Dolls, Jessie J, Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Shonen Knife, Ian Gillan, Cute is What We Aim For, Moe, Every Time I Die and Michael Franti. Another work recorded there was Tommy Z's album, Blizzard of Blues (2016), which debuted at number 8 in the Billboard Top Blues Albums Chart, and was the only independent record label release on that week's list.

text:
# GCR Audio

**GCR Audio**, formerly known as **Trackmaster Audio** and **Inner Machine Studios**, is a recording studio at 564 Franklin Street in Buffalo, New York, United States.

The building itself was originally a carriage house built in 1864, and converted to a Girls' School and Convent in 1890 named St. Mary's Seminary. The Chapel / Meeting room was converted by Alan Baumgardner and Kim Ferullo to a studio space designed by John Storyk of the Walters-Storyk Design Group in 1976, and operated as Trackmaster Audio and later, Ear Candy Audio, until 2000. The space hosted bands and musicians such as Yes, Melanie, Rick James, Ani DiFranco, Mark Russell, and Flaming Lips among others.

The complex was redesigned and rebuilt in 2007 by John Rzeznik and Robby Takac of the Goo Goo Dolls. John Storyk and WSDG were brought back to the studio space to redesign the room for modern recording scenarios. The studio was opened as a private recording facility and renamed Inner Machine Studios. The Goo Goo Dolls used the space for recording their 2009 *Something for the Rest of Us* album with the engineer and record producer, Tim Palmer.

Takac took over the studio operation and opened it to the public as GCR Audio in 2009. Justin Rose is the chief engineer and studio manager. GCR Audio is also home to Jay Zubricky Productions, and Film Kiln Productions.

Some of the major acts who have recording credits at GCR Audio include Lil Wayne, B.o.B, Spyro Gyra, Goo Goo Dolls, Jessie J, Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Shonen Knife, Ian Gillan, Cute is What We Aim For, Moe, Every Time I Die and Michael Franti. Another work recorded there was Tommy Z's album, *Blizzard of Blues* (2016), which debuted at number 8 in the *Billboard* Top Blues Albums Chart, and was the only independent record label release on that week's list.

42°54′7″N 78°52′19.7″W / 42.90194°N 78.872139°W / 42.90194; -78.872139


title: Megastorm

abstract: Megastorm may refer to:

text:
# Megastorm

**Megastorm** may refer to:

## Hypothetical storms

* ARkStorm, a proposed 1-in-1,000 year atmospheric river event that could impact California with historic, extremely damaging flooding
* Hypercane, hypothetical extreme tropical cyclones that could reach the size of continents and last for several weeks on average. Hypercanes also would have maximum sustained winds reaching at least 500 miles per hour (800 km/h), and a minimum central pressure of 700 millibars (21 inHg) or lower.

## Other uses

* Megastorm, a Predacon/Destron in the *Transformers* fictional universe

* Superstorm, a large, unusually-occurring, destructive storm without another distinct meteorological classification


title: Medina de Pomar

abstract: Medina de Pomar is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is situated 77 km from Bilbao, and 88 km from Burgos, the capital of the province, 8 kilometres from Villarcayo and about 20 km from Espinosa de los Monteros, which are the most important towns in the surroundings of Medina de Pomar. Medina de Pomar is part of the Comarca of Las Merindades with its varied landscape. The rivers Nela, Trueba and Salón, the steep slopes of the Tesla, the pine forests of Losa and flat surfaces that are dedicated nowadays to the cultivation of cereal, potatoes and lettuces.

text:
# Medina de Pomar

**Medina de Pomar** is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is situated 77 km from Bilbao, and 88 km from Burgos, the capital of the province, 8 kilometres from Villarcayo and about 20 km from Espinosa de los Monteros, which are the most important towns in the surroundings of Medina de Pomar.

Medina de Pomar is part of the Comarca of Las Merindades with its varied landscape. The rivers Nela, Trueba and Salón, the steep slopes of the Tesla, the pine forests of Losa and flat surfaces that are dedicated nowadays to the cultivation of cereal, potatoes and lettuces.

## History

The foundation of the town is attributed to a group of Mozarabs in the 12th century.

## Main sights

* The *Alcázar de los Condestables de Castilla*, was built on the south-west corner of the city's walls. It is a 14th-century fortification erected during the reign of Henry II of Castile.
* Sanctuary of *Nuestra Señora del Salcinar y del Rosario*, is a chapel that houses the Virgin of Rosario, patron saint of the city. Lends its name to the great festivals of the city in October.Originally called Santa María del Salcinar (for being surrounded by the river willow), is now called Our Lady of the Rosary, thanks to the vow the council medines did and who took her as patron because of the victory of Battle of Lepanto (1571). It is the most beloved church by the city citizens and proof of this is that many of them choose it to get married there.
* *Monastery of Santa Clara*, founded in 1313,is located in the south of the city, near the Hospital of Vera Cruz and near the Hermitage of San Millán. In its interior there is a church, the family vault of the Fernández de Velasco and the Museum of the Constables of Castile. It also has a cozy inn and a meeting place. During its seven centuries of history it has been inhabited by a community of Poor Clares, devoted to prayer and work.
* *Arch of la Cadena*. One of the gates that gave access to the walled city was the "Arco de la Cadena", which marked the Real road to Burgos.
* *Arch of la Judería*.It corresponds to another of the five gates that gave access to the city, in this case the old Jewish district, hence its name. It is a building of the sixteenth century, possibly replacing an older one. The main focus currently corresponds with Nuño Rasura Street.

## People from Medina de Pomar

42°56′N 3°29′W / 42.933°N 3.483°W / 42.933; -3.483

## InfoBox

| Medina de Pomar | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality and city | |
| Alcázar de los Condestables de Castilla (14th century) | |
|  | |
| Medina de PomarLocation of Medina de Pomar in Spain. | |
| Coordinates: 42°55′52″N 3°29′2″W / 42.93111°N 3.48389°W / 42.93111; -3.48389 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Castile and León |
| Province | Burgos |
| Comarca | Las Merindades |
| Government | |
| Mayor | José Antonio López Marañón |
| Area | |
| Total | 214 km2 (83 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 583 m (1,913 ft) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 5,816 |
| Density | 27/km2 (70/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 09500 |
| Website | Official website |


title: Titanotoca

abstract: Titanotoca is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.

text:
# Titanotoca

***Titanotoca*** is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

## InfoBox

| ***Titanotoca*** | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Subfamily: | Olethreutinae |
| Genus: | ***Titanotoca***<br>Diakonoff, 1984 |
|


title: Timothy Tucker

abstract: Dr. Timothy Tucker is a former pharmacist in Huntingdon, Tennessee, and former president of the American Pharmacists Association. He is a Former Speaker of the American Pharmacists Association House of Delegates and has testified before the United States House of Representatives Government Reform Committee on implementing Medicare Part D, and spoken before the United States Senate Finance Committee regarding community pharmacy contract negotiations. Tucker is also a past national president of Phi Lambda Sigma, and served as co-chair of the State of Tennessee TennCare Centers of Excellence Board of Directors. Tucker is President of Tucker & Roe, Inc., which is a long-term care consultanting firm. He is also former President of the Tennessee Pharmacists Association and former President of the Tennessee Board of Pharmacy. In addition, Tucker is currently serving a second term on the American Pharmacists Association Board of Trustees. Tucker is also a member of Lambda Chi Alpha Lambda-Zeta Zeta at Union University.

text:
# Timothy Tucker

Dr. **Timothy Tucker** is a former pharmacist in Huntingdon, Tennessee, and former president of the American Pharmacists Association. He is a Former Speaker of the American Pharmacists Association House of Delegates and has testified before the United States House of Representatives Government Reform Committee on implementing Medicare Part D,  and spoken before the United States Senate Finance Committee regarding community pharmacy contract negotiations .

Tucker is also a past national president of Phi Lambda Sigma, and served as co-chair of the State of Tennessee TennCare Centers of Excellence Board of Directors. Tucker is President of Tucker & Roe, Inc., which is a long-term care consultanting firm. He is also former President of the Tennessee Pharmacists Association and former President of the Tennessee Board of Pharmacy.

In addition, Tucker is currently serving a second term on the American Pharmacists Association Board of Trustees.

Tucker is also a member of Lambda Chi Alpha Lambda-Zeta Zeta at Union University.

## Education


title: Tjade Groot

abstract: Tjade Heico Groot is a former Dutch international cricketer who represented the Dutch national side between 1997 and 2004. He played as a right-handed top-order batsman, occasionally opening the batting. Groot was born in Amsterdam, and played his club cricket for VRA. Having earlier represented the national under-19 team, he made his senior debut for the Netherlands on a tour of South Africa in early 1997. Later in the year, Groot was named in the Dutch squad for the 1997 ICC Trophy in Malaysia, although he played in only a single match. He continued to play occasional matches for the team over the following years, but not at any international tournaments. In 2002 and 2003, Groot played matches for the Netherlands in the C&G Trophy, an English domestic competition where matches held List A status. His final appearance for the national team came in February 2004, on another tour of South Africa.

text:
# Tjade Groot

**Tjade Heico Groot** (born 22 January 1973) is a former Dutch international cricketer who represented the Dutch national side between 1997 and 2004. He played as a right-handed top-order batsman, occasionally opening the batting.

Groot was born in Amsterdam, and played his club cricket for VRA. Having earlier represented the national under-19 team, he made his senior debut for the Netherlands on a tour of South Africa in early 1997. Later in the year, Groot was named in the Dutch squad for the 1997 ICC Trophy in Malaysia, although he played in only a single match (the fifth-place play-off against Denmark). He continued to play occasional matches for the team over the following years, but not at any international tournaments. In 2002 and 2003, Groot played matches for the Netherlands in the C&G Trophy, an English domestic competition where matches held List A status. His final appearance for the national team came in February 2004, on another tour of South Africa.

## InfoBox

Tjade Groot
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Tjade Heico Groot |
| Born | (1973-01-22) 22 January 1973<br>Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm medium |
| Role | Batsman |
| International information | |
| National side |  |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 21 February 2016 | |


title: Tmesisternus geniculatus

abstract: Tmesisternus geniculatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning 1948.

text:
# Tmesisternus geniculatus

***Tmesisternus geniculatus*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning 1948.

## InfoBox

| *Tmesisternus geniculatus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Tmesisternus* |
| Species: | ***T. geniculatus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tmesisternus geniculatus***<br>Breuning, 1948 | |
|


title: G. Randy Kasten

abstract: Gregory Randolph Kasten is an American attorney and author. Born April 11, 1955 in Oakland, California, Kasten received a bachelor's degree in American Studies from Reed College in Portland, Oregon in 1978 and a J.D. from Golden Gate University School of Law in 1982. He was admitted to the California bar in 1984. Now working in San Francisco, California, Kasten's first book was Just Trust Me: Finding the Truth in a World of Spin a nonfiction work on critical thinking. The book presents methods for discovering truths behind advertising, politics, media, family and social relationships. Kasten has described the genesis of the book as his experiences in a rural community "It was 1970, and my family had recently moved from the San Francisco Bay Area to a town in the San Joaquin Valley…One evening I found myself sitting on a couch at my friend Earl's house…Walter Cronkite was finishing up a newscast with a bit of commentary. He spoke about the dangers of making up one's mind too quickly and labeling events before fully understanding them…His concluding phrase was something like, "Let's not be too quick to use the label-making device." Earl looked over at me. "Do you know what the crap he was talking about?" Kasten has said the book is an attempt to answer that question. The trade publication Publishers Weekly observed "G. Randy Kasten explains how to discern fact from fiction in all your personal and professional dealings with others so as not to be taken for a ride." The Magical Buffet stated "…your mind will probably be blown on more than one occasion as you realize, I do that, or I’ve experienced that. Humans are a strange animal indeed, and these are truly some of our strangest times." Kasten's play, The Perfect Step, had a five-performance run at the Fringe of Marin in November 2011. The play featured songs by the musical group Random Love. In 2012, two of his songs were featured in Not Quite Opera, a production at the Alcove Theatre in San Francisco. His play Supplementing had a five-performance run at the Fringe of Marin festival in November 2012. Kasten is at work on The Selling of the Next War, a book setting forth logical arguments for optimism about world peace.

text:
# G. Randy Kasten

**Gregory Randolph Kasten** is an American attorney and author. Born April 11, 1955 in Oakland, California, Kasten received a bachelor's degree in American Studies from Reed College in Portland, Oregon in 1978 and a J.D. from Golden Gate University School of Law in 1982. He was admitted to the California bar in 1984. Now working in San Francisco, California, Kasten's first book was *Just Trust Me: Finding the Truth in a World of Spin* (Quest Books, 2011) a nonfiction work on critical thinking.

The book presents methods for discovering truths behind advertising, politics, media, family and social relationships. Kasten has described the genesis of the book as his experiences in a rural community "It was 1970, and my family had recently moved from the San Francisco Bay Area to a town in the San Joaquin Valley…One evening I found myself sitting on a couch at my friend Earl's house…Walter Cronkite was finishing up a newscast with a bit of commentary. He spoke about the dangers of making up one's mind too quickly and labeling events before fully understanding them…His concluding phrase was something like, "Let's not be too quick to use the label-making device." Earl looked over at me. "Do you know what the crap he was talking about?" Kasten has said the book is an attempt to answer that question.

The trade publication *Publishers Weekly* observed "G. Randy Kasten explains how to discern fact from fiction in all your personal and professional dealings with others so as not to be taken for a ride." The Magical Buffet stated "…your mind will probably be blown on more than one occasion as you realize, I do that, or I’ve experienced that. Humans are a strange animal indeed, and these are truly some of our strangest times."

Kasten's play, *The Perfect Step*, had a five-performance run at the Fringe of Marin in November 2011. The play featured songs by the musical group Random Love. In 2012, two of his songs were featured in Not Quite Opera, a production at the Alcove Theatre in San Francisco. His play *Supplementing* had a five-performance run at the Fringe of Marin festival in November 2012. Kasten is at work on *The Selling of the Next War*, a book setting forth logical arguments for optimism about world peace.


title: G. Raymond Nye

abstract: G. Raymond Nye was an American film actor whose career began in silent era and lasted until the 1950s. He appeared in more than 110 films between 1912 and 1952.

text:
# G. Raymond Nye

**G. Raymond Nye** (April 13, 1889  July 23, 1965) was an American film actor whose career began in silent era and lasted until the 1950s. He appeared in more than 110 films between 1912 and 1952.

## Early life and education

Nye was born in Tamaqua, Pennsylvania. He attended the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.

## Career

Nye was noted for his striking appearance which consisted of dark brown hair and dark brown eyes. After many years of stage acting, he settled in Los Angeles, where he lived with his father, U.S. Grant Nye, in the Sunset Junction section of the Silver Lake neighborhood of town, according to the 1920 United States census reports.

On October 3, 1929, at age 40, Nye walked into his apartment to find his father had committed suicide by shooting himself in the head. He also found an apology letter written by his father explaining that he was sorry for taking his own life and he couldn't "bear this physical condition." At 67 years old the elder Nye was suffering from the effects of three paralytic strokes.

Nye continued to appear in films until the 1950s.

## Selected filmography

## InfoBox

| G. Raymond Nye | |
| --- | --- |
| Nye in *Hard Hombre* in 1931 | |
| Born | (1889-04-13)April 13, 1889<br>Tamaqua, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | July 23, 1965(1965-07-23) (aged 76) |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1912–1952 |


title: Peter Sarbach

abstract: Peter Sarbach was a pioneer mountain guide from St. Niklaus in Switzerland, near the village of Zermatt. He became notable as a guide in Switzerland, so much so that he was invited to Canada in 1987, becoming the first Swiss guide to work in the Canadian Rockies and helped to establish the need for guiding skills in the area.

text:
# Peter Sarbach

**Peter Sarbach** (1844 – 1930) was a pioneer mountain guide from St. Niklaus in Switzerland, near the village of Zermatt. He became notable as a guide in Switzerland, so much so that he was invited to Canada in 1987, becoming the first Swiss guide to work in the Canadian Rockies and helped to establish the need for guiding skills in the area.

## Mountain guide

In 1864, Peter Sarbach was a porter for Sir Edward Whymper in one of his attempts to ascend the Matterhorn. He later became a mountain guide in the Swiss Alps and surrounding area. The guiding skills of Peter Sarbach became well regarded. At age 53, he was invited to Canada for an 1897 first ascent expedition of Mt. Lefroy, and hence he became the first Swiss guide to work in the Canadian Rockies.

## Canadian legacy

The guiding skills of Peter Sarbach were commissioned, in a roundabout way, at the request of Edwin Hale Abbot, the father of Philip Stanley Abbot. Hence, together with John Norman Collie, Professor Harold Baily Dixon, George Percival Baker, Professor Charles Ernest Fay, and others, Peter Sarbach lead a memorial first ascent of Mt. Lefroy on 3 August 1897, exactly one year after the tragic death of his son, Philip Stanley Abbot. See Abbot Pass hut. Peter Sarbach further guided 1897 expeditions to a first ascent of Victoria Mountain, Mt. Gordon, and Mt. Sarbach (Mt. Sarbach named on his behalf).

Peter Sarbach returned to his home in Switzerland in the fall of 1897, and never returned to Canada; so his prominence faded somewhat. However, the impression he left, from his 1897 expeditions, would set the pace for Swiss Mountaineering influence in Canada. His exploits confirmed the need for competent mountaineering skills and influenced the 1898 invitations to Swiss guides Edouard (Edward) Feuz Sr. and Christian Haesler Sr.

## InfoBox

| Peter Sarbach | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1844<br>St. Niklaus, Switzerland |
| Died | 1930 (aged 8586) |


title: Van Baaren Museum

abstract: Van Baaren Museum was a museum located in a canalside house alongside the Oudegracht in Utrecht, Netherlands. The museum was named after the brother (Lambertus) and sister (Josephina) duo that lived in the house and founded the museum.

text:
# Van Baaren Museum

**Van Baaren Museum** was a museum located in a canalside house alongside the Oudegracht in Utrecht, Netherlands. The museum was named after the brother (Lambertus) and sister (Josephina) duo that lived in the house and founded the museum.

## History

The canal house itself where the museum resided was built in the 18th century. The Van Barens moved there in the 1950s as their collection expanded. Lambertus had made a fortune in real estate and together they purchased art according to their individual tastes. They created a foundation when they decided to found a museum in this new home for their 400 artworks. Josephina died in 1959 and her brother died in 1964. Two years later the museum opened. In 1980 the house was sold in two parts; the canal cellar was sold as a separate unit. The art is on loan to the Centraal Museum.

## InfoBox

Van Baaren Museum
| The museum as seen in 1976 | |
| --- | --- |
| Established | 1964 (museum) |
| Dissolved | 1980 |
| Location | Oudegracht 317<br>Utrecht, Netherlands |


# Hospital Ships of the Sanitary Commission

Frederick Law Olmsted, the executive director of the United States Sanitary Commission, set up a system of hospital ships for wounded and sick soldiers during the American Civil War. The USSC was a private agency that cooperated closely with the U.S. Army.

## *City of Memphis* and *Fanny Bullit*

Between 6 and 16 February 1862, Union Army troops advanced across the United States to capture Forts Henry and Donelson. In response to news reports of these combat engagements, members of the U.S. Sanitary Commission who were stationed in Cincinnati, Ohio, began to gather supplies and recruit volunteers to help distribute those supplies and render care to ailing and injured soldiers. Procuring a steamer to transport the most senior members of their commission members to Fort Donelson, they realized upon arrival that the *City of Memphis* and *Fanny Bullitt* were essentially empty vessels on which vast numbers of wounded were suffering despite the fact that both vessels had been placed into service as hospital ships. After quickly distributing supplies and beginning their care of the wounded, they then prepared 80 wounded for immediate steamer transport back to Cincinnati with doctors and nurses to tend to them on their voyage. That steamer then also traveled on to additional sites to render further aid to other soldiers who had fallen ill or been wounded at other Union duty stations.

## *Tycoon* and *Monarch*

In April 1862, the Union's victory at Shiloh resulted in the outpouring of hospital transports to the city. The two transports refitted and dispatched by the Sanitary Commission were joined by a fleet of private, army, and state hospital ships. The *Tycoon* and *Monarch* were the commission's first refitted hospital ships. Sympathy, benevolence, patriotism and a desire to ease the suffering of their nation's troops was the only thing these groups shared in common. Following this event, the Sanitary Commission began outfitting any hospital ship, army, state, association, or voluntary, and if necessary, they operated the ships as well. All of the army's ships used as hospital transports were refitted and initially supplied through the direction of the Sanitary Commission. Funding came from the army, Sanitary Commission, state, and volunteer organizations. The army transferred at least one ship to the Sanitary Commission, the steamer *Daniel Webster No. 1*. Even the *Red Rover*, a river boat captured by the Union Army, was well equipped and initially staffed by the Sanitary Commission until the ship was sold to the navy.

## *St. Philip*

These were not the first hospital ships employed by the Civil War governments; previous ships used as hospitals, like the hospital ship CSS *St. Philip* (formerly the *Star of the West*) in September 1861 and April 1862, retained patients for long periods of time (30–90 days easily) and stayed on station rarely travelling. The Sanitary Commission used their steamers as a means of bringing wounded further back behind supply lines, keeping wounded on board for as short a time as possible, from 1–7 days. Men and women of all races, some hired while others volunteered, served throughout the hospital ships and hospitals of the Union as nurses.

The Western Sanitary Commission was a private agency based in St. Louis that was a rival of the larger U.S. Sanitary Commission, doing much the same work. It was led by abolitionists and focused more on the needs of Freedmen.

## The Hospital Transport Service

The Sanitary Commission, at the request of the army, created the Hospital Transport Service. It acquired 16 medium and large boats and converted them to hospital ships. Its first major operations came in the Peninsular Campaign of spring 1862, when it serviced casualties from General McClellan's Army of 100,000 men after a series of battles.

The Sanitary Commission quickly organized large fleets of ships and created a network system of routes to move wounded. Rivers and ocean connecting the Union became highway over which the wounded steadily traveled further North.

When possible, few embarkation points were used. Ships were assigned schedules and maximum patient allowances. If a ship embarked more patients than allowed, even though space permitted, her crew would be required to notify the receiving station. Several ships were kept in reserve, used only when another ship was unable to continue to make a journey. Thus a very predictable and organized system grew. On the Pamunkey River, 19 hospital transports working on a fixed schedule moved 700 wounded a day. Of particular interest, the ships had far greater capacity, some 600 more wounded could have been crammed onto some of the ships. But, this was frowned upon by the organizers as such a number would overcrowd the ship, overtask the medical staff, erode the quality of care, and place an unexpected burden on the receiving hospital. Thus, in theory some 70,000 wounded could be moved from Virginia in 100 days to hospitals in five states as far north as New York. A second inland force of about 16 hospital ships moved patients along riverways north to Missouri, Ohio, and Kentucky.

### Hospital ships and boats of the Peninsula Campaign

| Name | Type | * Year * built |  |  | Embarkation Area | Disembarkation Area | Transport Days | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *  * *S.R. Spaulding* | Steamship | 1859 | 1090 |  | Fortress Monroe | New York | 7 |  |
| *  * *Daniel Webster No. 1* | Steamship | 1851 | 1035 |  | Fortress Monroe | New York | 7 | Former Army, saw service at Yorktown |
| *Empress* | Steamboat |  |  | 400 | York River | Fortress Monroe | 2 |  |
| *Imperial* | Steamboat |  |  | 400 | York River | Fortress Monroe | 2 | Outfitted in St. Louis |
| *Ocean Queen* | Steamship | 1858 | 2801 | 400 | James River | Fortress Monroe | 2 |  |
| *Wilson Small* | Steamboat | 1851 | 258 | 400 | James River | Fortress Monroe | 2 |  |
| *  * *Elizabeth* | Steam barge |  |  | n/a | Fortress Monroe | York and James River | n/a | Storeboat |
| *  * *Elm City* | Steamboat | 1855 | 760 | 400 | Pamunkey River | Philadelphia | 6 |  |
| *  * *Commodore* | Steamboat | 1848 | 984 | 400 | Pamunkey River | Maryland | 4 |  |
| *  * *C. Vanderbilt* | Steamboat | 1847 | 1041 | 400 | Pamunkey River | Maryland | 4 |  |
| *Louisiana* | Steamboat |  |  | 400 | Pamunkey River | Maryland | 4 |  |
| *  * *State of Maine* | Steamboat | 1848 | 806 | 400 | Pamunkey River | Maryland | 4 |  |
| *  * *Kennebeck* | Steamboat | 1845 | 480 | 300 | Pamunkey River | Virginia | 2 |  |
|  | Steamboat | 1853 | 766 | 300 | Pamunkey River | Virginia | 2 |  |
| *  * *John Brooks* | Steamboat | 1859 | 780 | 400 | Pamunkey River | n/a | n/a | In Reserve |
| *Wilmon Whillden* | Steamboat | 1845 | 241 | 400 | Pamunkey River | n/a | n/a | In Reserve |
| *  * *Knickerbocker* | Steamboat | 1843 | 858 | 400 | Pamunkey River | n/a | n/a | In Reserve |
| *  * *St. Mark* | Ship | 1860 | 1448 |  | Pamunkey River | n/a | n/a | Stationary |
| *Euterpe* | Clipper | 1854 | 1985 |  | Pamunkey River | n/a | n/a | Stationary |

## Hospital boats of the Sanitary Commission

* *Fanny Bullitt* (Ohio River)
* *City of Alton*
* *Crescent City*
* *Ruth*
* *Glasgow*
* *Diana*
* *Nebraska*
* *Champion*
* *Baltic*
* *J. S. Cairns*
* *Ben Franklin*
* *Continental*
* *Hazel Dell*
* *Bickerdyke*
* *Tycoon* (Shiloh - Cincinnati)
* *Monarch* (Shiloh - Cincinnati)

## Ships outfitted by Sanitary Commission but transferred to Army

* *Red Rover* (Mississippi River) later transferred to Navy
* *City of Memphis* (Ohio River)
* *City of Nashville*
* *City of Louisiana*, Renamed *R. C. Wood* (Ohio River)
* *D. A. January**

## Footnotes

1. Witold Rybczynski, *A Clearing In The Distance: Frederick Law Olmsted and America in the 19th Century* (2000) pp 208-13
2. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 51.
3. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 161.
4. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 233.
5. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 63.
6. Olmsted, Censer 1986. p. 356.
7. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 46.
8. Lytle, Campholder 1975. p. 220.
9. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 203.
10. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 120.
11. Olmsted, Censer 1986. p. 342.
12. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 112.
13. Olmsted, Censer 1986. p. 365.
14. Lytle, Campholder 1975. p. 233.
15. Lytle, Holdcamper 1975. p. 122.
16. *American Lloyd's Registry of American and Foreign Shipping*. New York: Board of Underwriters. 1862. p. 97.
17. Knoblock 2014. p. 264.

### Bibliography

* Knoblock, Glenn A. (2014). *The American Clipper Ship, 1845–1920*. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-7112-6.
* Lytle, William M.; Holdcamper, Forrest H. (1975). Mitchell, C. Bradford (ed.). *Merchant Steam Vessels of the United States 1790–1868 (The Lytle-Holdcamper List)*. Staten Island, New York: The Steamship Historical Society of America, Inc. OCLC 22040526
* Maxwell, William Quentin. *Lincoln's Fifth Wheel: The Political History of the U.S. Sanitary Commission* (1956) online edition Archived 2012-05-25 at the Wayback Machine
* Olmsted, Frederick Law (1986). Censer, Jane Turner (ed.). *The Papers of Frederick Law Olmsted*. Vol. IV. Baltimore, MA: The Johns Hopkins University Press. OCLC 2799009
* Stillé, Charles J. *History of the United States Sanitary Commission, Being the General Report of Its Work during the War of the Rebellion* (1866), online
* U.S. Navy (Ship's History Section, Naval History Division). *History of U.S. Navy Hospital Ship Red Rover* (1961)

## InfoBox

| Hospital Ships of the U.S. Sanitary Commission | |
| --- | --- |
| Hospital ward on the *USS Red Rover* (Theodore R. Davis, *Harper's Weekly*, 1863). | |
| Site history | |
| Built | Prior to and during the American Civil War |
| In use | 1861–1866 |


title: Viscount Chaworth

abstract: Viscount Chaworth, of Armagh in the County of Armagh, was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created on 4 March 1628 for George Chaworth, who had earlier represented East Retford, Nottinghamshire and Arundel in the House of Commons. He was made Baron Chaworth, of Tryme in the County of Meath, at the same time, also in the Peerage of Ireland. He was High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire in 1638. The titles became extinct on the death of his grandson, the third Viscount in 1693. The late Viscount's daughter the Hon. Juliana married Chambre Brabazon, 5th Earl of Meath. In 1831 the Chaworth title was revived when their great-grandson, John Chambre Brabazon, 10th Earl of Meath, was created Baron Chaworth in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. This title is still extant. The family seat was Wiverton Hall Nottinghamshire, but moved to Annesley Hall, Nottinghamshire after Wiverton was slighted in the Civil War..

text:
# Viscount Chaworth

**Viscount Chaworth**, of Armagh in the County of Armagh, was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created on 4 March 1628 for George Chaworth, who had earlier represented East Retford, Nottinghamshire and Arundel in the House of Commons. He was made **Baron Chaworth**, of Tryme in the County of Meath, at the same time, also in the Peerage of Ireland. He was High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire in 1638.

The titles became extinct on the death of his grandson, the third Viscount in 1693. The late Viscount's daughter the Hon. Juliana married Chambre Brabazon, 5th Earl of Meath. In 1831 the Chaworth title was revived when their great-grandson, John Chambre Brabazon, 10th Earl of Meath, was created Baron Chaworth in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. This title is still extant.

The family seat was Wiverton Hall Nottinghamshire, but moved to Annesley Hall, Nottinghamshire after Wiverton was slighted in the Civil War..

## Viscounts Chaworth (1628)


title: Pangarappilly

abstract: Pangarappilly is a village in Chelakkara Thrissur district in the state of Kerala, India.

text:
# Pangarappilly

**Pangarappilly**  is a village in Chelakkara Thrissur district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Pangarappilly had a population of 5318 with 2504 males and 2814 females.

## InfoBox

| Pangarappilly | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| PangarappillyLocation in Kerala, IndiaPangarappillyPangarappilly (India) | |
| Coordinates: 10°38′59″N 76°20′54″E / 10.649720°N 76.3483100°E / 10.649720; 76.3483100 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Thrissur |
| Population (2001) | |
| Total | 5,318 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Malayalam, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 680586 |
| Vehicle registration | KL- |


title: George Negus Tonight

abstract: George Negus Tonight was an Australian current affairs television series hosted by George Negus, which ran on ABC Television from 2001 to 2004.

text:
# George Negus Tonight

***George Negus Tonight*** (formerly titled ***Dimensions***) was an Australian current affairs television series hosted by George Negus, which ran on ABC Television from 2001 to 2004.

## *Dimensions*

The program was initially launched in 2001 as *Dimensions*, pitched as a low-cost stream of tenuously linked programs to run in the 6.30pm timeslot from Monday to Thursday before the *ABC News* 7pm bulletin. *Dimensions* had a particular focus for each day of the week: Monday was *Media Dimensions*, hosted by Annette Shun Wah, which focused on the Australian media; Tuesday was *Health Dimensions*, hosted by Dr Norman Swan, which concentrated on health matters; Wednesday was *People Dimensions*, hosted by James O'Loghlin, which profiled prominent Australians and overseas guests; and Thursday was *Dimensions on the Move*, hosted by Dave Morley, which looked at motor vehicles. *Media Dimensions*, *People Dimensions* and *Dimensions on the Move* were all axed in November

2002 saw the concept coming back with Swan's *Health Dimensions*, a revamped *People Dimensions*, now hosted by Jill Singer, *Consumer Dimensions*, hosted by Susanna Lobez, and a social history series *Dimensions in Time*, hosted by Guy Noble.

## *New Dimensions* and *George Negus Tonight*

The program was relaunched in June 2002 as was renamed *New Dimensions with George Negus* , with the veteran Australian journalist, George Negus, as the sole host, replacing the format of different hosts for each day, which the previous incarnations had used. During the following year, the program was renamed again *George Negus Tonight*. The program retained the different focus for each day: *GNT History* on Monday; *GNT People* on Tuesday; *GNT Future* on Wednesday and *GNT Profiles* on Thursday.

Despite high ratings for its timeslot (generally the highest ABC ratings in the 6:30pm slot), *George Negus Tonight* was axed by the ABC in November 2004, to make way for state-based programming. Negus went on to host *Dateline* on the SBS network.

## InfoBox

| *George Negus Tonight* | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | Dimensions |
| Presented by | George Negus |
| Country of origin | Australia |
| Original language | English |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Ivo Burum |
| Camera setup | Various |
| Original release | |
| Network | ABC |
| Release | 6 August 2001 (2001-08-06) <br>25 November 2004 (2004-11-25) |


title: Mons Herodotus

abstract: Mons Herodotus is a small lunar mountain north of the crater Herodotus. It lies on the rugged Aristarchus Plateau and rises approximately 1 km above the surrounding terrain.

text:
# Mons Herodotus

**Mons Herodotus** is a small lunar mountain north of the crater Herodotus. It lies on the rugged Aristarchus Plateau and rises approximately 1 km above the surrounding terrain.

## InfoBox

| Mons Herodotus | |
| --- | --- |
| Apollo 15 image | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 6995 m (summit) |
| Listing | Lunar mountains |
| Coordinates | 27°30′N 52°54′W / 27.5°N 52.9°W / 27.5; -52.9 |
| Naming | |
| Language of name | Latin |
| Geography | |
|  | |
| Location | the Moon |


title: Falconwood Club

abstract: The Falconwood Club was a club and resort in the 1800s for the wealthy families of Buffalo on Grand Island in New York.

text:
# Falconwood Club

The **Falconwood Club** was a club and resort in the 1800s for the wealthy families of Buffalo on Grand Island in New York.

## History

On June 19, 1858, the Falconwood Club, located near the head of the island, was organized by Lewis F. Allen, uncle to President Grover Cleveland. The club took its name from the eagles and hawks which nested in the surrounding trees. Allen had subdivided the property he owned on Grand Island and built the Club. At the time, it was called the "Allen Mansion", but it emerged as a public resort.

By June 1865, Falconwood was closed to the public as it had become the property of the "Falconwood House Company". The group was called "The Falconwood Club" and two log houses. Falconwood continued to flourish as one of the most popular of the Grand Island clubs of the last quarter of the 19th century. Each member was allowed two weeks at the club every summer under the terms of the membership. For the most part, the week days were stag affairs. Families would spend their summer weekends at the club, with businessmen making the daily run to Buffalo and back on a launch, which would drop them in the center of the city at the foot of Main Street.

Near the turn of the century, Falconwood became the property of George E. Matthews, of the *Buffalo Courier-Express* (who died in 1911). Under his ownership, the house continued to serve as a private club and estate for his family and friends until it was destroyed by fire in the twenties.

## Clubhouse

The Falconwood Club clubhouse was built in 1879 to the designs of Milton Earle Beebe, a prominent Buffalo architect at a cost of $15,000. That building was destroyed by fire in the early morning of July 10, 1882. Later that year, Buffalo architect Eugene L. Holmes was hired to rebuild the clubhouse which opened on August 16, 1883 and was constructed at a cost of $23,000.(References: "At Falconwood: The formal Opening of the New Club-house Last Evening", *Buffalo Morning Express*, Aug. 28, 1879, p. 4; "The Falconwood Club House Destroyed", *Buffalo Evening News*, July 10, 1882, p. 16; "Falconwood, Description of the Splendid Club-House in the Course of Erection on Grand Island", Buffalo Commercial, Apr. 28, 1883, p. 3; "Fair Falconwood. The New Club House and Other Attractions", *Buffalo Evening Telegraph*, Aug. 21, 1883, p. 1; *History of the City of Buffalo and Erie County with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers* vol. II (Syracuse, NY: D. Mason & Co, Publishers, 1884): pp. 547-548.)

### Exterior

The Villa style (later known as Queen Anne) club was located on a 45-acre tract overlooking the West River. The main building, a two-story building clubhouse was 60 x 40 ft. It was built entirely of wood with steep gabled roofs and the exterior was painted gray, with the long slant of the roofs painted a bright red. The front, facing the river, was dominated by a large heavily ornamented central projection that appeared to be Moorish in detail.

The clubhouse featured a 12-foot veranda that ran the full length of the building, providing a view of the well-kept lawn sloping down to a wharf which projected 110 ft. into the river. At its height, the property consisted of forty-five acres in grounds, laid out with ornamental trees and flowers. The property was dotted with many large old growth trees, with trunks four to five ft. thick.

### Interior

On the ground floor, large double doors admitted guests to a broad vestibule and hall with an imposing staircase that could be seen leading to the second floor. All the rooms on the main floor were paneled in natural wood. The stained glass in the doors and the windows was in shades of amber, brown, red and gold, which accented the natural tones of the wood. To the right of the vestibule; a 32 x 40 ft. parlor; to the left, a 32 x 40 ft. dining room. Towards the end of the central hall were doors leading to the public bathrooms, kitchens, and pantries.

On the second floor, off the stairwell, there was another large central hall that ran the full length of the house. Outfitted as a second floor sitting room, its large crescent shaped windows looked out on the riverfront on one side and back to the Falconwood Park and forestlands on the other. There were twin halls running parallel to the building's length that ended in French doors leading to the second story verandas. The 12 guest rooms (containing a bedroom and bath) were off these hallways.

### Outer buildings

There was also an elegant bar, a bowling alley, an assembly hall, and numerous guest cottages. There was also a 24 x 20 ft. ballroom in a separate area about 40 ft. away from the hotel.

## Steam boat

The clubs had its own steam launch, as was typical of the resorts on Grand Island at the time. The Falconwood's steamer, built in 1860, was called "The Falcon" and featured a glass-enclosed cabin on the main deck and an awning-shaded promenade deck above. In 1862, the Niagara, and in 1863, the River Queen and Fanny White also began making stops at the Falconwood dock. The Falcon was acquired by the "Falconwood House Company" when they purchased the Club in 1865. The cost was about forty cents per round trip.

## Notable members and visitors

## Other Grand Island clubs

## Present day

The State of New York purchased Beaver Island, a large part of the Lewis F. Allen estate, all of the Falconwood lands, plus "River Lawn", the former home of the Spaulding and Sidway families. Together, they became the modern day Beaver Island State Park.

### Influence

Falconwood Subdivision, built in the 1950s and 1960s, was named for the Falconwood Club, which runs from East River Road across the Beaver Island Parkway and extends to Baseline Rd. It is the closest large subdivision to the South Grand Island Bridge.

## InfoBox

Falconwood Club
|
|  |
| Formation | 1858 |
| Founder | Lewis F. Allen |
| Dissolved | c.1920s (burned down) |
| Headquarters | Grand Island, New York |
| Membership | Private |


title: Quest for Fame (horse)

abstract: Quest For Fame (1987–2011) was a British-bred and British-trained Thoroughbred race horse and sire. In a racing career which lasted from October 1989 until November 1992, he ran fifteen times and won four races. His most notable success came in 1990 when he won the Derby. He was later trained in the United States, where he won the San Luis Obispo Handicap and the Hollywood Invitational Turf Handicap in 1992. He was the first Epsom Derby winner to win a major race as a five-year-old since St. Gatien in 1886.

text:
# Quest for Fame (horse)

**Quest For Fame** (1987–2011) was a British-bred and British-trained Thoroughbred race horse and sire. In a racing career which lasted from October 1989 until November 1992, he ran fifteen times and won four races. His most notable success came in 1990 when he won the Derby. He was later trained in the United States, where he won the San Luis Obispo Handicap and the Hollywood Invitational Turf Handicap in 1992. He was the first Epsom Derby winner to win a major race as a five-year-old since St. Gatien in 1886.

## Background

Quest For Fame was a very dark-coated bay horse who was bred by Juddmonte Farms, the breeding organisation of his owner Khalid Abdullah. His sire, Rainbow Quest, was a highly successful racehorse who won the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe in 1985. He went on to become an important stallion, siring the Group One winners Nedawi, Millenary and Croco Rouge. Quest For Fame's dam, Aryenne, won the Poule d'Essai des Pouliches in 1980. Quest for Fame was sent into training with Jeremy Tree at Beckhampton in Wiltshire.

## Racing career

### 1989: two-year-old season

Quest For Fame made his debut in a maiden race at Newbury on 28 October 1989. He started 2/1 favourite and finished second to Tyburn Tree.

### 1990: three-year-old season

After the retirement of Jeremy Tree, the training of Quest For Fame was taken over by his assistant Roger Charlton. In April 1990, Quest For Fame returned to Newbury and recorded his first win when taking the Spring Maiden Stakes by one and a half lengths. At Chester in May he finished second of the three runners in the Chester Vase, beaten a length by Belmez.

At Epsom on 6 June, Quest For Fame started 7/1 fourth favourite for the Derby. Ridden by the eleven-times champion Pat Eddery, he took the lead over a furlong from the finish and pulled clear to win by three lengths from Blue Stag. The beaten horses included Elmaamul, Linamix, Zoman, and Mr Brooks.

In July Quest For Fame started 5/4 favourite for the Irish Derby at the Curragh. He finished fifth behind the filly Salsabil.

### 1991: four-year-old season

Quest For Fame ran five times as a four-year-old without winning. In the Coronation Cup at Epsom in June, he finished fourth of the seven runners behind In The Groove. In August, he ran second to Terimon in the International Stakes. He started odds-on favourite for the Group Three September Stakes at Kempton but was beaten a neck by the three-year-old Young Buster. On his final European start, Quest For Fame finished seventh of the fourteen runners behind Saumarez in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.

Quest For Fame's lack of success led to his being sent off a 58/1 outsider for the Breeders' Cup Turf at Churchill Downs in November. He belied his odds and produced his best performance of the season in running third to Miss Alleged.

### 1992: five-year-old season

In 1992, Quest For Fame was transferred to the stable of Robert J. Frankel in California. In February, he recorded his first win since the 1990 Derby when defeating Miss Alleged in the Grade III San Luis Obispo Handicap at Santa Anita Park In May at Hollywood Park Racetrack, he carried top weight of 124 pounds to victory in the Grade I Hollywood Invitational Turf Handicap.

Quest For Fame was off the racecourse for four months before returning in the autumn of 1992. He finished unplaced in the Arlington Million behind Dear Doctor before running in the Breeders' Cup Turf at Gulfstream Park in October. The field also included the three-year-old Dr Devious, meaning that the race featured the first meeting between Epsom Derby winners since Nijinsky defeated Blakeney in the 1970 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes. Quest for Fame got the better of Dr Devious by a length, as they finished third and fourth behind Fraise. On his final start, Quest for Fame was unplaced behind Tokai Teio in the Japan Cup.

## Assessment

In their book *A Century of Champions*, John Randall and Tony Morris rated Quest For Fame a "poor" Derby winner.

## Stud record

Quest for Fame stood as a stallion in the United States and Australia until he was pensioned from breeding duty in 2010.

He sired 7 individual Group One winners.

### Notable progeny

*c = colt, f = filly, g = gelding*

| **Foaled** | **Name** | **Sex** | **Major Wins** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1994 | Famous Digger | f | Del Mar Oaks |
| 1995 | Dracula | c | Champagne Stakes, Sires' Produce Stakes (BRC), George Main Stakes |
| 1996 | Tributes | f | Crown Oaks |
| 1997 | Unworldly | f | Flight Stakes |
| 1998 | Viscount | c | Sires' Produce Stakes (ATC), Champagne Stakes, George Main Stakes |
| 2000 | Sarrera | g | Queen Elizabeth Stakes, Doomben Cup |
| 2002 | De Beers | c | Rosehill Guineas |
|

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Quest for Fame (GB), bay stallion, 1987
| Sire
Rainbow Quest (USA)
1981 | Blushing Groom
1974 | Red God | Nasrullah |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Spring Run |
| | Runaway Bride | Wild Risk |
| | Aimee |
| | I Will Follow
1975 | Herbager | Vandale |
| | | Flagette |
| | Where You Lead | Raise a Native |
| | Noblesse |
| Dam
Aryenne (IRE)
1977 | Green Dancer
1972 | Nijinsky | Northern Dancer |
| | | Flaming Page |
| | Green Valley | Val de Loir |
| | Sly Pola |
| | Americaine
1968 | Cambremont | Sicmabre |
| | | Djebellica |
| | Alora | Ballyogan |
| | Agnes (Family:4) |

## InfoBox

| Quest For Fame | |
| --- | --- |
| Racing colours of Khalid Abdullah | |
| Sire | Rainbow Quest |
| Grandsire | Blushing Groom |
| Dam | Aryenne |
| Damsire | Green Dancer |
| Sex | Stallion |
| Foaled | 15 February 1987 |
| Country | Great Britain |
| Colour | Bay |
| Breeder | Juddmonte Farms |
| Owner | Khalid Abdullah |
| Trainer | Jeremy Tree
Roger Charlton
Robert J. Frankel (USA) |
| Record | 15: 4-4-2 |
| Earnings | £937,398 |
| Major wins | |
| Epsom Derby (1990)
San Luis Obispo Handicap (1992)
Hollywood Invitational Turf Handicap (1992)
Timeform rating: 127 | |
| Last updated on 21 October 2023 | |


title: Gregory So

abstract: Gregory So Kam-leung is the former Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development of Hong Kong.

text:
# Gregory So

**Gregory So Kam-leung** (traditional Chinese: 蘇錦樑; simplified Chinese: 苏锦梁) is the former Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development of Hong Kong.

## Education

So holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Carleton University and a double degree of Master of business administration and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Ottawa.

## Early years

So moved to Canada at age 16, returning to Hong Kong in the 1980s. He got married and raised his family in Canada. So left Canada in the late 1990s, after working as a lawyer in Ontario, and returned to work in Hong Kong. As a senior government official, So no longer has Canadian citizenship.

## Career

### Professional career

So is the senior partner of a solicitor's firm, member of the Hospital Authority, the Council of the Lingnan University, and the Commission on Strategic Development.

### Political career

So was the vice chairman of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong when he was appointed as Under Secretary. He resigned as the party's vice chairman then, but still maintain his membership.

Between 2000 and 2003, So served on the Wong Tai Sin District Council and the Tsz Wan Shan Area Committee.

In 2008 he was nominated Undersecretary for the Commerce and Economic Development under the 2008 Political Appointments System, at the 'cost' of having to renounce his Canadian citizenship. "It was a tough decision. In doing so, I have also had to give up my legal practice qualification in Canada where I still have friends and relatives," he said

On 28 June 2011, So was appointed to succeed Rita Lau as Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development after she resigned for health reasons in April 2011.

On 6 May 2014, So's office and home received delivery of faeces after he told Hongkongers to tolerate incidents where Mainland visitors freely defecate and urinate on the streets of Hong Kong. So's comment came after a mainlander become violent to bystanders after they allowed their child to urinate in public in Hong Kong. Since receipt of the faeces delivery, So has also announced threats to the people responsible for stating their actions to be "very unwise."

## Family

His brother, Kevin So Kam-wai, was sentenced to more than 6 years in jail for money laundering.

## InfoBox

| Gregory So Kam-leung | |
| --- | --- |
| 蘇錦樑 | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development | |
| **In office**
28 June 2011  30 June 2017
Acting from 13 April 2011 – 27 June 2011 | |
| Chief Executive | Donald Tsang
Leung Chun-ying |
| Preceded by | Rita Lau |
| Succeeded by | Edward Yau |
| Undersecretary for Commerce and Economic Development | |
| **In office**
2 June 2008  27 June 2011 | |
| Secretary | Rita Lau |
| Preceded by | Position Created |
| Succeeded by | Vacant |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1958-10-12) October 12, 1958
British Hong Kong |
| Political party | Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong |
| Alma mater | Carleton University
University of Ottawa |
|  | |


title: Visa policy of Haiti

abstract: Haiti allows citizens from most countries to stay visa free for 3 months. All non-Haitian passport holders must pay a tourist fee of US$10 on arrival. Visitors must hold passports that are valid for at least 6 months from the date of arrival.

text:
# Visa policy of Haiti

**Haiti** allows citizens from most countries to stay visa free for 3 months.

All non-Haitian passport holders must pay a tourist fee of US$10 on arrival.

Visitors must hold passports that are valid for at least 6 months from the date of arrival.

## Visa policy map

## Visa in advance

Entry and exit stamps.

As per the Embassy of Haiti in Washington, D.C.'s website, pre-arranged visas are required for nationals of the following countries:

|  |  |
| --- | --- |

However, according to IATA, pre-arranged visas are required for nationals of the following countries:

|  |  |
| --- | --- |

Nationals of these countries may enter visa free for 3 months if they hold a valid United States, Canadian, United Kingdom or Schengen visa or a resident permit or if they are of Haitian origin.


title: Vinalhaven Public Library

abstract: The Vinalhaven Public Library is the public library serving the island community of Vinalhaven, Maine. It is located at 6 Carver Street in downtown Vinalhaven, in a small architecturally distinguished Prairie School building built in 1906 with financial support from Andrew Carnegie. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

text:
# Vinalhaven Public Library

The **Vinalhaven Public Library** is the public library serving the island community of Vinalhaven, Maine. It is located at 6 Carver Street in downtown Vinalhaven, in a small architecturally distinguished Prairie School building built in 1906 with financial support from Andrew Carnegie. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

## Architecture and history

The Vinalhaven Public Library stands near the eastern end of Vinalhaven's commercial downtown area, at the junction of Carver, Chestnut, and Main Streets. The building is a single-story structure, built out of quarry-faced granite and covered by a hip roof. The roof has extended eaves with exposed rafters, with a chimney rising near the left wall. The main entrance is in the center of the facade facing Carver Street, recessed under a round arch in a projecting section topped by a flat parapet. A high stringcourse runs beneath a narrow band of square windows on either side of the entrance. The interior has a central librarian's desk with flanking reading rooms, and original wooden shelving on the walls.

Vinalhaven's public library originated in 1887, when Governor Joseph R. Bodwell, owner of one of Vinalhaven's granite quarries, made a pledge to provide space for a library if funds were raised to establish one. A private circulating library was added to this early collection in 1890, and was established in Vinalhaven's Memorial Hall in 1895. The present building was constructed in 1906, funded in part by a grant from Andrew Carnegie. It was designed by the firm of George A. Clough and Herbert L. Wardner, and is the only Prairie School library design in the state.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Vinalhaven Public Library | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 6 Carver St., Vinalhaven, Maine |
| Coordinates | 44°2′55″N 68°49′55″W / 44.04861°N 68.83194°W / 44.04861; -68.83194 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1906 (1906) |
| Architect | Clough & Wardner |
| Architectural style | Prairie School |
| MPS | Maine Public Libraries MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 88003014 |
| Added to NRHP | January 5, 1989 |


title: Music Rising

abstract: Music Rising is a charity co-founded by producer Bob Ezrin, U2's The Edge and a host of music industry organizations after the devastation of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The charitable organization helps to restore the livelihoods of musicians affected by disasters and funds efforts that support music education.

text:
# Music Rising

**Music Rising** is a charity co-founded by producer Bob Ezrin, U2's The Edge and a host of music industry organizations after the devastation of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The charitable organization helps to restore the livelihoods of musicians affected by disasters and funds efforts that support music education. (Source: Music Rising mission statement)

## Phase One

In early September 2006, Green Day collaborated with U2 in the studio to record a cover version of the song "The Saints Are Coming" by The Skids to benefit Music Rising. To coincide with the recording, both bands performed a live version of the song during the official reopening of the Louisiana Superdome (Music Rising ) and the NFL Monday Night Football Pregame show of the New Orleans Saints/Atlanta Falcons game on September 25, 2006. This game marked the first time that the New Orleans Saints returned to their home building, the Superdome, since the devastations of Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita. "The Saints Are Coming" was digitally released on October 31 and the single on November 6, 2006.

In April 2006, Music Rising aided in the reopening of the historic Preservation Hall landmark in New Orleans. While the Jazz Hall survived the storm, it had lost all of its instruments, which were eventually replaced as part of Music Rising's initiatives. U2's The Edge performed with the Preservation Jazz Hall band as part of the official reopening (Music Rising) Additionally, Music Rising helped replace the precious Baldwin Piano that Fats Domino had lost when his house was destroyed during the hurricane.

## Phases Two and Three

Since beginning of Phase Two Music Rising restored instruments to thousands of individual musicians and dozens of schools and choirs in the Gulf Coast region. Phase Three was dedicated to supporting community musical and cultural organizations and events. In 2008, the foundation played a large part in ensuring that the expenses were covered for the Mardi Gras Indians, allowing them to afford to march.

Music Rising also provided a $1 million grant to Tulane University and created Music Rising Studies of the Gulf South curriculum major at the university. Additionally Music Rising helped restore the livelihoods of musicians suffering after the Nashville floods and schools in need of music education rescue after Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Sandy. In December 2021, Music Rising will host the Guitar Icons: A Musical Instrument Auction to Benefit Music Rising event at Van Eaton Galleries in Los Angeles. The auction will feature an exclusive collection of guitars and instruments from some of the world's most popular artists and friends of Music Rising including Bono, Paul McCartney, Elton John, Chris Martin, Lenny Kravitz, Steve Miller, Paul Stanley, Alice Cooper, Slash, Alex Lifeson, Eddie Vedder and Pearl Jam and many others. The auction will be live onsite and online via Van Eaton Galleries and all proceeds will benefit Music Rising. To find out more about Music Rising the new website is www.musicrising.com

Music Rising is the recipient of the HALO Award for Cause Marketing, The Billboard Humanitarian Award, The PRISM Award and the Jazz Foundation of America Medal of Honor.

## Documentary

Music Rising was the subject of a feature documentary directed by Canadian Don Young and produced by Frantic Films of Winnipeg, Canada. It was the highest-rated documentary in Canada during September 2006. The film told the story of U2's efforts to raise money for the Music Rising charity. Contributing to Don Young's film were musicians The Edge, Dave Matthews, Dr. John, Willie Nelson, Arlo Guthrie, Wolfman Washington, Breeze Cayolle, Bruce Springsteen, and Bob Dylan. The broadcast of this documentary was delayed when the marketing division of U2 Inc. demanded changes which resulted in a considerable amount of world exclusive U2 scenes being removed from the film at the last moment. The missing scenes featured The Edge visiting some of the hardest-hit sections of New Orleans where he met with residents, jammed with street rappers, prayed with local pastors, and was deeply moved by what he saw. Under considerable pressure to change the film Young resigned but eventually re-joined the project to protect the final cut. The rare and valuable U2 footage has never been broadcast. In 2007 "Music Rising" won two television academy 'Accolade Awards' and was broadcast in 27 countries, including the United States, where it aired on both VH1 and the Sundance Channel.