title: Thismia americana

abstract: Thismia americana, known as thismia or banded Trinity was a species of flowering plant that was first discovered in 1912 by Norma Etta Pfeiffer in the wetlands surrounding Chicago's Lake Calumet, and described by her in 1914. The type specimen was found in what was then a wet-mesic sand prairie at 119th Street and Torrence Avenue in what would become the industrial neighborhood of South Deering. The plant has not been seen since 1916, and the ground where it was observed has since been extensively altered by industrial development. The species is believed to be extinct. Several extensive searches have not uncovered any living specimens of the vanished species. Although occasionally regarded as a hoax, preserved specimens exist. One was located in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in the Netherlands in 2022. In the 1980s, one of Pfeiffer's specimens had been sent to the Utrecht herbarium, but it went missing after the collection moved to a new site in 2006. This was located when staff undertook delayed maintenance and curation during the COVID-19 epidemic.

text:
# Thismia americana

***Thismia americana***, known as **thismia** or **banded Trinity** was a species of flowering plant that was first discovered in 1912 by Norma Etta Pfeiffer in the wetlands surrounding Chicago's Lake Calumet, and described by her in 1914. The type specimen was found in what was then a wet-mesic sand prairie at 119th Street and Torrence Avenue in what would become the industrial neighborhood of South Deering. The plant has not been seen since 1916, and the ground where it was observed has since been extensively altered by industrial development. The species is believed to be extinct. Several extensive searches have not uncovered any living specimens of the vanished species.

Although occasionally regarded as a hoax, preserved specimens exist. One was located in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in the Netherlands in 2022. In the 1980s, one of Pfeiffer's specimens had been sent to the Utrecht herbarium, but it went missing after the collection moved to a new site in 2006. This was located when staff undertook delayed maintenance and curation during the COVID-19 epidemic.

## Life cycle

*Thismia americana* drew interest from botanists because of its extremely specialized ecological niche. *T. americana* lacked chlorophyll. Instead of converting solar energy, the flowering plant was a mycoheterotroph, utilizing local fungi of the southern Lake Michigan wetlands for its nourishment. The plant enjoyed a short, shy life cycle above ground; in July, its roots would sprout a tiny flowering head, which produced a white flower the size of a pea.

The description of *Thismia americana* was published by University of Chicago student Norma Etta Pfeiffer in the Botanical Gazette and reprinted in her doctoral thesis *Morphology of Thismia americana*. She became the first and only scientist to collect the species. By examining the plant's morphology, Pfeiffer determined that it was a species of the genus *Thismia*, a genus that at the time was believed to occur only in the Southern Hemisphere. No one knows how this isolated population survived in North America until historic times.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Thismia americana* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
| Extinct | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Dioscoreales |
| Family: | Burmanniaceae |
| Genus: | *Thismia* |
| Species: | ***T. americana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Thismia americana***<br>N.Pfeiff. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Sarcosiphon americanus* (N.Pfeiff.) Schltr. | |


title: Thismia

abstract: Thismia is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1845. It is native to East and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and the Americas.

text:
# Thismia

***Thismia*** is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1845. It is native to East and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and the Americas.

## Species

As of June 2024, Plants of the World Online recognises 108 species in this genus, as follows:

## InfoBox

| *Thismia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Thismia rodwayi* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Dioscoreales |
| Family: | Burmanniaceae |
| Genus: | *Thismia*<br>Griff. |
|
| Species | |
| See text | |
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: Frank Carbone (footballer)

abstract: Frank Carbone is a former Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Carbone, who is of Italian descent, played for CBC St Kilda originally and represented St Kilda Under-19s, before he made his VFL debut in 1985. He appeared in the opening seven rounds of the 1985 season, but played only once more that year, in round 12. His first three league games were losses by over 100 points. He didn't feature at all in the 1986 season, then played two games in 1987.

text:
# Frank Carbone (footballer)

**Frank Carbone** (born 4 April 1965) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Carbone, who is of Italian descent, played for CBC St Kilda originally and represented St Kilda Under-19s, before he made his VFL debut in 1985. He appeared in the opening seven rounds of the 1985 season, but played only once more that year, in round 12. His first three league games were losses by over 100 points. He didn't feature at all in the 1986 season, then played two games in 1987.

## InfoBox

| Frank Carbone | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1965-04-04) 4 April 1965 | | |
| Original team(s) | CBC St Kilda | | |
| Height | 178 cm (5 ft 10 in) | | |
| Weight | 76 kg (168 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1985–1987 | St Kilda | 10 (8) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1987. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Franco-Spanish War

abstract: Franco-Spanish War may refer to any war between France and Spain, including:

text:
# Franco-Spanish War

**Franco-Spanish War** may refer to any war between France and Spain, including:

| Name | Date |
| --- | --- |
| Albigensian Crusade | 1209–1229 |
| War of the Sicilian Vespers | 1282–1302 |
| Aragonese Crusade | 1284–1285 |
| Castilian Civil War | 1351–1369 |
| War of the Two Peters | 1356–1375 |
| War of the Castilian Succession | 1475–1479 |
| French–Breton War | 1487–1491 |
| Italian War of 1494–98 | 1494–1498 |
| Italian War of 1499–1504 | 1499–1504 |
| War of the Holy League | 1508–1516 |
| Italian War of 1521–26 | 1521–1526 |
| War of the League of Cognac | 1526–1530 |
| Italian War of 1536–38 | 1536–1538 |
| Italian War of 1542–46 | 1542–1546 |
| Italian War of 1551–59 | 1551–1559 |
| French Wars of Religion | 1562–1598 |
| War of the Portuguese Succession | 1580–1583 |
| Franco-Spanish War (1595–98) | 1595–1598 |
| Bündner Wirren | 1618–1639 |
| Valtellina War | 1620–1626 |
| First Genoese-Savoyard War | 1625 |
| War of the Mantuan Succession | 1628–1631 |
| Franco-Spanish War (1635–59) | 1635–1659 |
| Catalan Revolt | 1640–1659 |
| Portuguese Restoration War | 1641–1659 |
| The Fronde | 1648–1653 |
| War of Devolution | 1667–1668 |
| Franco-Dutch War | 1672–1678 |
| War of the Reunions | 1683–1684 |
| Nine Years' War | 1688–1697 |
| War of the Spanish Succession | 1701–1715 |
| War of the Quadruple Alliance | 1718–1720 |
| War of the Pyrenees | 1793–1795 |
| Peninsular War | 1808–1814 |
| War of the Seventh Coalition | 1815 |
| Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis | 1823 |
|


title: Frank Jordan (American football)

abstract: Francis Lagoria Jordan was an American football player. A native of Minneapolis, he played college football for Bucknell and Villanova and professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a back for the Rock Island Independents in 1920 and for the Milwaukee Badgers in 1923. He appeared in four NFL games, one as a starter. Jordan and his wife, Jane, had two daughters. He died in 1980 in Tucson, Arizona, at age 82.

text:
# Frank Jordan (American football)

**Francis Lagoria Jordan** (December 5, 1897 – September 1980) was an American football player. A native of Minneapolis, he played college football for Bucknell and Villanova and professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a back for the Rock Island Independents in 1920 and for the Milwaukee Badgers in 1923. He appeared in four NFL games, one as a starter.

Jordan and his wife, Jane, had two daughters (Jane and Marionne). He died in 1980 in Tucson, Arizona, at age 82.

## InfoBox

Frank Jordan
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born: | (1897-12-05)December 5, 1897
Minneapolis |
| Died: | September 1, 1980(1980-09-01) (aged 82)
Tucson, Arizona |
| Weight: | 168 lb (76 kg) |
| Career information | |
| College: | Bucknell, Villanova |
| Position: | Back |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games: 4 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Thomas Barrie

abstract: Thomas Barrie was an English almoner who was found guilty of spreading rumours about the death of Henry VIII in 1538 and was pilloried in the market square at Newbury. It was reported that he died from shock as a result of his punishment.

text:
# Thomas Barrie

**Thomas Barrie** (died 1538 in Newbury, Berkshire) was an English almoner who was found guilty of spreading rumours about the death of Henry VIII in 1538 and was pilloried in the market square at Newbury. It was reported that he died from shock as a result of his punishment.

## Biography

Barrie was an almsman at Donnington Hospital where he worked until he died, living in one of the institution's almshouses. In 1538, he was accused of spreading seditious rumours about the death of Henry VIII. This was around the time of the King's excommunication from the Catholic Church; Henry did not die until nine years later. Though Barrie's rumours were supposedly well-sourced, this was irrelevant as foretelling the monarch's death was counted as treason. This was shown two years later in 1540, when Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford of Heytesbury, was charged with the same crime, along with breaking the new Buggery Act, and was beheaded on Tower Hill.

### Punishment and death

Barrie's punishment was to stand in the pillory in the market square on market day and, for further ridicule, he was to be cropped. This punishment (also given to John Bastwick 100 years later) involved nailing Barrie's ears to the pillory's frame on either side of the head hole. At the end of the trading day, he was released from the pillory by cutting off his ears.

Barrie is said to have died of shock following his punishment. His earless ghost reportedly haunts the market place, moaning in agony. However, other sources suggest that Barrie may have lived for a year or so.

## InfoBox

| Thomas Barrie | |
| --- | --- |
| Died | 1538 (486 years ago)<br>Newbury, Berkshire |
| Cause of death | Acute stress reaction |
| Occupation | Almoner |
| Employer | Donnington Hospital |
| Criminal charge | Spreading seditious rumours (foretelling monarch's death) |
| Criminal penalty | Day in pillory (with cropping) |


title: Frank Cedervall

abstract: Frans Reinhold Cedervall (1904-1996) was a Swedish-American plasterer and labor organizer most well known for his time as a leading figure in the Industrial Workers of the World in Cleveland, Ohio. He was the lead organizer of the Metal and Machinery Workers Industrial Union and leader of its Cleveland Local 440. Cedervall joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1931 and was a soapbox speaker for the organization. After years of arrests and physical attacks, Cedervall stopped organizing on behalf of the organization, though he maintained membership until his death. Future Teamsters leader Jimmy Hoffa learned about public speaking from Cedervall, saying "I was with the IWW, and I followed Frank Cedervall around and learned how to make speeches from him. You spoke on a table top in a park, and you had to holler loud enough to be heard." Cedervall died in 1996 at LakeWest Hospital in Willoughby, Ohio.

text:
# Frank Cedervall

**Frans Reinhold Cedervall** (1904-1996) was a Swedish-American plasterer and labor organizer most well known for his time as a leading figure in the Industrial Workers of the World in Cleveland, Ohio. He was the lead organizer of the Metal and Machinery Workers Industrial Union and leader of its Cleveland Local 440.

Cedervall joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1931 and was a soapbox speaker for the organization. After years of arrests and physical attacks, Cedervall stopped organizing on behalf of the organization, though he maintained membership until his death. Future Teamsters leader Jimmy Hoffa learned about public speaking from Cedervall, saying "I was with the IWW, and I followed Frank Cedervall around and learned how to make speeches from him. You spoke on a table top in a park, and you had to holler loud enough to be heard."

Cedervall died in 1996 at LakeWest Hospital in Willoughby, Ohio.


title: Frank De Coninck

abstract: Frank De Coninck was a Belgian diplomat, who served as the ambassador to the Holy See from 26 October 2006 until his retirement in February 2010. Before this he was Marshal of the Royal Household of the Royal Court of Belgium (2002–2006).

text:
# Frank De Coninck

**Frank De Coninck** (11 February 1945 – 11 March 2022) was a Belgian diplomat, who served as the ambassador to the Holy See from 26 October 2006 until his retirement in February 2010. Before this he was *Marshal of the Royal Household* of the Royal Court of Belgium (2002–2006).

## Early life and education

De Coninck was born in Blankenberge on 11 February 1945. He graduated in history at the University of Ghent (1968).

## Career

From 1968 till 1975 De Coninck was a teacher of history in Congo. He started a career in Belgian diplomacy in 1975 and has been assigned from 1976 till 2000 to diplomatic posts in Barcelona, Nairobi, Islamabad, Rome (the Vatican), Dakar, The Hague, and both Kigali and Kinshasa as ambassador. His last duty before he became Marshal of the Royal Household was at the Central Administration of the Belgian Foreign Ministry, where he was appointed special envoy for the Great Lakes (Central Africa). As Marshal of the Royal Household he was also head of the management council of the Royal Trust.

He was president of Caritas International Belgium and Cercle Royal Africain et de l’Outre Mer.

## Personal life

De Coninck died in Woluwe-Saint-Lambert on 11 March 2022, at the age of 77.

## Honours

## Sources


title: Thick (album)

abstract: Thick is an album by the fusion jazz band Tribal Tech released in 1999. As a contrast to Tribal Tech's previous recordings, the album features less compositional material and is based largely on improvisation.

text:
# Thick (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| All About Jazz | (favorable) |

***Thick*** is an album by the fusion jazz band Tribal Tech released in 1999. As a contrast to Tribal Tech's previous recordings, the album features less compositional material and is based largely on improvisation.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Scott Henderson, Gary Willis, Scott Kinsey and Kirk Covington.

1. "Sheik of Encino" – 6:50
2. "Party at Kinsey's" – 3:56
3. "Jalapeño" – 5:42
4. "Clinic Troll" – 3:43
5. "Thick" – 11:15
6. "You May Remember Me" – 4:45
7. "Slick" – 5:14
8. "Somewhat Later" – 2:46
9. "What Has He Had?" – 6:52#
10. "A THIQUE man NAMED MILAN" - 5:55

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Thick | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Tribal Tech | |
| Released | March 16, 1999 |
| Genre | Jazz fusion, free improvisation, space rock |
| Label | Zebra Records |
| Tribal Tech chronology | |
| *Reality Check*
(1994) ***Thick***
(1999) *Rocket Science*
(2000) | |


title: Frank Barrett (footballer)

abstract: Francis Barrett was a Scottish footballer, who played as a goalkeeper. He was born in Dundee. Barrett played for Dundee Harp before joining Dundee Football Club upon its foundation in 1893. While with the Dark Blues, he would make 49 total appearances for the club in their first three seasons, and would win two caps for Scotland in 1894 and 1895. In September 1896, he signed with Newton Heath. He made 132 appearances for the club, scoring no goals. In May 1900, he left for New Brighton Tower. In 1901, he briefly returned to Manchester, making eight appearances for Manchester City. In 1903, he became one of the founding players of Aberdeen Football Club. He died in 1907, aged 35. After Barrett's death, Manchester United gifted £35 to his widow.

text:
# Frank Barrett (footballer)

**Francis Barrett** (2 August 1872 – 22 March 1907) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a goalkeeper. He was born in Dundee.

Barrett played for Dundee Harp before joining Dundee Football Club upon its foundation in 1893. While with the Dark Blues, he would make 49 total appearances for the club in their first three seasons, and would win two caps for Scotland in 1894 and 1895. In September 1896, he signed with Newton Heath (now Manchester United). He made 132 appearances for the club, scoring no goals. In May 1900, he left for New Brighton Tower. In 1901, he briefly returned to Manchester, making eight appearances for Manchester City. In 1903, he became one of the founding players of Aberdeen Football Club. He died in 1907, aged 35. After Barrett's death, Manchester United gifted £35 to his widow.

## InfoBox

Frank Barrett
|  | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Francis Barrett | | |
| Date of birth | (1872-08-02)2 August 1872 | | |
| Place of birth | Dundee, Scotland | | |
| Date of death | 22 March 1907(1907-03-22) (aged 34) | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 000?–1893 | Dundee Harp | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1893–1896 | Dundee | 41 | (0) |
| 1896–1900 | Newton Heath | 118 | (0) |
| 1900–1901 | New Brighton Tower | 34 | (0) |
| 1901 | Arbroath |  |  |
| 1901–1902 | Manchester City | 5 | (0) |
| 1902–1903 | Dundee | 0 | (0) |
| 1903–1905 | Aberdeen | 20 | (0) |
| International career | | | |
| 1894–1895 | Scotland | 2 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Matabei (crater)

abstract: Matabei is an impact crater on Mercury. It has a set of dark rays. Dark rays are rare on Mercury, but other occurrences have been identified, such as at Mozart crater. Mozart crater is interpreted to have excavated dark material from depth during the impact event, creating dark streamers. The dark rays from Matabei may have a similar origin. Matabei was named by the IAU in 2009 after Japanese painter Iwasa Matabei. To the northeast of Matabei is the crater Pigalle. To the south is Rilke, and to the northwest is Guido d'Arezzo.

text:
# Matabei (crater)

**Matabei** is an impact crater on Mercury. It has a set of dark rays. Dark rays are rare on Mercury, but other occurrences have been identified, such as at Mozart crater. Mozart crater is interpreted to have excavated dark material from depth during the impact event, creating dark streamers. The dark rays from Matabei may have a similar origin.

Matabei was named by the IAU in 2009 after Japanese painter Iwasa Matabei.

To the northeast of Matabei is the crater Pigalle. To the south is Rilke, and to the northwest is Guido d'Arezzo.

## InfoBox

Matabei
| MESSENGER NAC image of Matabei | |
| --- | --- |
| Feature type | Impact crater |
| Location | Discovery quadrangle, Mercury |
| Coordinates | 39°42′S 13°54′W / 39.7°S 13.9°W / -39.7; -13.9 |
| Diameter | 24 km (15 mi) |
| Eponym | Iwasa Matabei |


title: Frank Kratovil

abstract: Frank Michael Kratovil Jr. is an American politician who was the U.S. representative for Maryland's 1st congressional district from 2009 to 2011. Elected in 2008, he was defeated in his bid for reelection on November 2, 2010. Kratovil is a member of the Democratic Party. He previously served as State's Attorney of Queen Anne's County on Maryland's Eastern Shore, and he was appointed as a judge for the county's District Court by Governor Martin O'Malley in December 2011.

text:
# Frank Kratovil

**Frank Michael Kratovil Jr.** (born May 29, 1968) is an American politician who was the U.S. representative for Maryland's 1st congressional district from 2009 to 2011. Elected in 2008, he was defeated in his bid for reelection on November 2, 2010. Kratovil is a member of the Democratic Party. He previously served as State's Attorney of Queen Anne's County on Maryland's Eastern Shore, and he was appointed as a judge for the county's District Court by Governor Martin O'Malley in December 2011.

## Early life, education and career

Frank Kratovil was born in Lanham, Maryland, and spent his childhood in Prince George's County, Maryland. He is the son of Frank M. Kratovil Sr. and Lynnda Kratovil. Kratovil attended high school at Queen Anne School in Upper Marlboro and graduated in 1986. Kratovil received his bachelor's degree in 1990 from Western Maryland College. He joined Phi Delta Theta while there and played soccer, basketball and baseball. In soccer, he served as Captain for three years, was named to the Middle-Atlantic Conference All-Conference Team and received the Most Valuable Offensive Player Award and the Homer Earl Outstanding Player Award. Upon graduation, he was awarded the Bates Prize for the Most Outstanding Graduating Male, the Charles W. Havens Award, awarded to an intercollegiate athlete who "has shown by word and deeds the attributes of charity, altruism, benevolence, and a humane and compassionate concern for his fellow man", and the Carroll County Scholar-Athlete Award. Kratovil then graduated with honors from University of Baltimore School of Law in 1994. He served from 1994 to 1995 as Law Clerk for Judge Darlene G. Perry of Prince George's County Circuit Court. From 1995 to 1997 he served as Assistant State's Attorney for Prince George's County, Maryland.

In 1997, Kratovil moved to the Eastern Shore and was appointed Assistant State's Attorney for Queen Anne's County, Maryland. During his tenure as Assistant State's Attorney he served as the county's only full-time Prosecutor and Community Prosecutor. He continued to serve as Assistant State's Attorney until 2001 when he was appointed as Deputy State's Attorney in Kent County, Maryland. He also served as the President of the Young Democrats of Maryland from 1997 to 1998, and in 1998 was selected to represent the United States on the American Council of Young Political Leaders' delegation to Taiwan. He was also a member and on the executive committee of the Queen Anne's County local management board.

## Queen Anne's County State's Attorney

In 2002, Kratovil ran for the office of State's Attorney in Queen Anne's County and was elected after defeating four-term incumbent David Gregory in the primary and Republican Paul W. Comfort in the general election. Kratovil assumed office at the age of 34 making him the youngest State's Attorney in Maryland. He ran unopposed for re-election in 2006. He was elected by his fellow State's Attorneys to be President of the Maryland State's Attorneys' Association (MDSAA) for 2005. During his time as President of the MDSAA, he pushed for stronger legislation to expand prosecution of gangs and increased awareness of growing problems with drugs and gangs in Maryland's rural areas.

## U.S. House of Representatives

### Elections

#### 2008

On June 4, 2007, Kratovil announced that he would run for Congress in Maryland's 1st congressional district. During the February 12 primary, Kratovil defeated fellow Democrats Christopher Robinson, Steve Harper, and Joseph Werner.

Kratovil expected to face nine-term Republican incumbent Wayne Gilchrest, a leading Republican moderate, in the general election. However, Gilchrest was ousted in the Republican primary by a considerably more conservative Republican, State Senator Andy Harris. This significantly changed the race, as Kratovil was now running for an open seat rather than against a long-term incumbent.

Kratovil was initially a heavy underdog due to the district's election history. Although Democrats and Republicans were nearly tied in registration, the district has a strong tinge of social conservatism that had given Republicans an advantage for most of the time since the end of World War II. It had been in Republican hands for all but 14 years since 1947, although Kratovil received a significant boost when Gilchrest endorsed him over Harris. In June, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) decided to back Kratovil's campaign financially through their Red to Blue program. Kratovil, who is considered a moderate, picked up a number of endorsements from local Eastern Shore Republicans as well as Democrats. He also received an endorsement from the Blue Dog Coalition, a group of fiscally conservative congressional Democrats. CQ Politics designated the race as "No Clear Favorite."

The November election was close, as expected. On election night, Kratovil led Harris by 915 votes. After two rounds of counting absentee ballots, Kratovil's lead grew to 2,000 votes. Forecasting that it would be nearly impossible for Harris to close the gap, most media outlets declared Kratovil the winner on the night of November 7. Harris finally conceded on November 11.

Kratovil's election dramatized the geographic split that characterizes the 1st District. An Eastern Shore resident, Kratovil carried all nine counties on the Shore. However, he lost badly in the district's portion of Baltimore County, including most of Harris' base in Baltimore's more conservative eastern suburbs. He also lost the district's portions of Harford and Anne Arundel counties on the Western Shore. The district's voters are split almost evenly between the two regions. Kratovil therefore became only the third Democrat to represent the 1st since 1947, and the first since Gilchrest ousted Roy Dyson in 1990. John McCain carried the district with nearly 60 percent of the vote, which was his best showing in the state.

#### 2010

Harris announced in May 2009 that he would seek a rematch against Kratovil, citing Kratovil's vote for the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 in its final form.

Kratovil based his 2010 re-election bid on his independent streak in Washington. He was quoted as saying, "We can send someone to Washington who is going to continue to be independent and put the interests of the people of his district first, or we can send people that are going to put their own extreme ideological views ahead of the best interests of the people of this district." He also pointed to his overall record in Congress as proof. He was ranked as being in the top ten of independent voting records in Congress by CQ Politics in 2009.

A "Super PAC" group called The Concerned Taxpayers of America paid $150,000 for ads attacking Kratovil, and $300,000 for ads attacking Peter DeFazio of Oregon. Mid-October 2010 quarterly FEC filings showed that the group was solely funded by $300,000 from Daniel G. Schuster Inc., a concrete firm in Owings Mills, Maryland, and $200,000 from New York hedge fund executive Robert Mercer, the co-head of Renaissance Technologies of Setauket, New York. According to Dan Eggen at *The Washington Post*, the group said "it was formed in September 'to engage citizens from every walk of life and political affiliation' in the fight against 'runaway spending.'" Its only expenditures were for these ads. Schuster was the top contributor to Harris.

Kratovil was defeated, taking 42 percent of the vote to Harris' 54 percent. He is one of only three Democrats since 1992 to win 40 percent or more of the district's vote.

### Tenure

Kratovil aligned himself with the conservative House Blue Dog Coalition. Despite the conservative bent of the 1st, he still supported many Democratic priorities. An analysis conducted by *The Washington Post* and others found Kratovil voted with the House Democratic Leadership 85% of the time. Major Democratic priorities Kratovil voted for included:

An analysis of major legislation only by *Congressional Quarterly* and *Centerline.org* concluded Kratovil was one of the most centrist congressmen in the country. Kratovil voted against the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in both November 2009 and March 2010, citing his district's overwhelming opposition to it and "the overall cost, the deficit impact, and the negative impact that the bill's employer mandates could have on job creation."

### Committee assignments

## Electoral history

| Year | Office | Election |  | Subject | Party | Votes | % |  | Opponent | Party | Votes | % |  | Opponent | Party | Votes | % |  | Opponent | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2002 | Queen Anne's County State's Attorney | General |  | **Frank Kratovil** | Democratic | 9,169 | 57.23% |  | Paul W. Comfort | Republican | 6,830 | 42.63% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2006 | Queen Anne's County State's Attorney | General |  | **Frank Kratovil** | Democratic | 13,894 | 100% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2008 | U.S. House, Maryland's 1st district | Primary |  | **Frank Kratovil** | Democratic | 28,566 | 40.2% |  | Christopher Robinson | Democratic | 21,892 | 30.8% |  | Steve Harper | Democratic | 11,904 | 16.7% |  | Joseph Werner | Democratic | 8,753 | 12.3% |
| 2008 | U.S. House, Maryland's 1st district | General |  | **Frank Kratovil** | Democratic | 177,065 | 49.1% |  | Andy Harris | Republican | 174,213 | 48.3% |  | Richard James Davis | Libertarian | 8,873 | 2.5% |  | Write-ins |  | 35 | 0.1% |
| 2010 | U.S. House, Maryland's 1st district | General |  | **Andy Harris** | Republican | 155,118 | 54.1% |  | Frank Kratovil | Democratic | 120,400 | 42.0% |  | Richard James Davis | Libertarian | 10,876 | 3.8% |  | Write-ins |  | 418 | 0.15% |

## Judicial career

In late December 2011, Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley appointed Kratovil as a judge for the Queen Anne's County District Court. Kratovil had been nominated by the Trial Courts Judicial Nominating Commission to fill a vacancy due to the retirement of Judge John T. Clark III. He was reappointed by Governor Larry Hogan, confirmed by the State Senate, and sworn-in to another 10-year term in April 2022.

## InfoBox

| Frank Kratovil | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Judge of the Queen Anne's County District Court | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
February 6, 2012 | |
| Appointed by | Martin O'Malley |
| Preceded by | John Clark |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Maryland's 1st district | |
| **In office**
January 3, 2009  January 3, 2011 | |
| Preceded by | Wayne Gilchrest |
| Succeeded by | Andy Harris |
| State's Attorney of Queen Anne's County | |
| **In office**
January 2003  January 3, 2009 | |
| Preceded by | David Gregory |
| Succeeded by | Lance Richardson |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Frank Michael Kratovil Jr.
(1968-05-29) May 29, 1968
Lanham, Maryland, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Kimberly Kratovil (1992–present) |
| Children | 5 |
| Education | McDaniel College (BA)
University of Baltimore (JD) |
|  | |


title: Matt Carmichael (journalist)

abstract: Matt Carmichael is a sports journalist. Carmichael is currently a presenter and reporter for Seven News in Sydney.

text:
# Matt Carmichael (journalist)

**Matt Carmichael** (born 21 April 1981) is a sports journalist.

Carmichael is currently a presenter and reporter for *Seven News* in Sydney.

## Career

Carmichael is a graduate of Brisbane State High School in Queensland, Australia, where he played rugby and cricket. He completed a Bachelor of Journalism at the Queensland University of Technology and then worked with the News-Mail in Bundaberg. He later joined Seven regional affiliate Seven Queensland and then *Seven News Brisbane*.

Carmichael has previously been a fill-in presenter for Pat Welsh and Ben Davis on *Seven News Brisbane*.

Carmichael is now based in Sydney working for *Seven News* as a full-time sports reporter.

In January 2011, Carmichael was appointed sport presenter on *Seven News Sydney* replacing Johanna Griggs.

In March 2013, Ryan Phelan succeeded him as full-time weekend sports presenter for *Seven News Sydney*.

In July 2023, Carmichael replaced Matt Shirvington as sport presenter on *Seven News Sydney.*

Carmichael is currently a fill in sport presenter on *Seven Morning News, Seven Afternoon News, Sunrise, Seven News Sydney* and *Weekend Sunrise*.

## InfoBox

| Matt Carmichael | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1981-04-21) 21 April 1981 Sydney Australia |
| Occupation | *Seven News* sports reporter |
| Employer | Seven Network |


title: Matos River

abstract: The Matos River is a river of Bolivia.

text:
# Matos River

The **Matos River** is a river of Bolivia.

1. "Río Matos". *Ramsar Sites Information Service*. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
* Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.

## InfoBox

| Matos River | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | Bolivia |
|  | |
| Ramsar Wetland | |
| Official name | Río Matos |
| Designated | 2 February 2013 |
| Reference no. | 2093 |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Mathghamhain mac Cian

abstract: Mathghamhain mac Cian was an Eóganacht Raithlind nobleman and maternal grandson of Brian Boru. He was the son of Cian mac Máelmuaid and his wife Sadhbh, who was a daughter of the High King Brian Boru. He died at the Battle of Clontarf in 1014 fighting for the High King. Mathghamhain's descendants eventually became sovereigns over territory in west Cork, notably around the Iveragh Peninsula and the town of Bandon. Today, his descendants use the surname O'Mahony, O'Mahoney, Mahoney, Mahony, Maughon or Mahaney

text:
# Mathghamhain mac Cian

**Mathghamhain mac Cian** was an Eóganacht Raithlind nobleman and maternal grandson of Brian Boru. He was the son of Cian mac Máelmuaid and his wife Sadhbh, who was a daughter of the High King Brian Boru. He died at the Battle of Clontarf in 1014 fighting for the High King.

Mathghamhain's descendants eventually became sovereigns over territory in west Cork, notably around the Iveragh Peninsula and the town of Bandon. Today, his descendants use the surname O'Mahony, O'Mahoney, Mahoney, Mahony, Maughon or Mahaney


title: This Is Jackie DeShannon

abstract: This Is Jackie DeShannon is an LP album by Jackie DeShannon, released by Imperial Records under catalog number LP-9286 as a monophonic recording in 1965, and later in stereo under catalog number LP-12286 the same year. The cover was credited to Woody Woodward and the photography to Ivan Nagy.

text:
# This Is Jackie DeShannon

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Record Mirror* |  |

***This Is Jackie DeShannon*** is an LP album by Jackie DeShannon, released by Imperial Records under catalog number LP-9286 as a monophonic recording in 1965, and later in stereo under catalog number LP-12286 the same year. The cover was credited to Woody Woodward and the photography to Ivan Nagy.

## Track listing

| Track | Song | Writer(s) | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "What the World Needs Now Is Love" | Burt Bacharach, Hal David | 3:10 |
| 2 | "Take Me Away" | Randy Newman | 3:00 |
| 3 | "Summertime" | George Gershwin, DuBose Heyward | 2:01 |
| 4 | "Am I Making It Hard On You?" | DeShannon, Sharon Sheeley | 2:31 |
| 5 | "Go On Your Way" | Dick Glasser | 2:44 |
| 6 | "After Last Night" | Jimmy Smith | 2:24 |
| 7 | "A Lifetime of Loneliness" | Burt Bacharach, Hal David | 2:34 |
| 8 | "Take Me Tonight" | Aaron Schroeder, Roy Alfred, Wally Gold | 2:50 |
| 9 | "Hellos and Goodbyes" | DeShannon, Sharon Sheeley | 2:07 |
| 10 | "I'm Gonna Be Strong" | Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil | 2:07 |
| 11 | "Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying" | Joe Greene | 3:52 |
| 12 | "I Remember the Boy" | DeShannon | 2:55 |

## InfoBox

| This Is Jackie DeShannon | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Jackie DeShannon | |
| Released | 1965 |
| Label | Imperial |
| Producer | Burt Bacharach; with Hal David on "What the World Needs Now Is Love" and "A Lifetime of Loneliness" |
| Jackie DeShannon chronology | |
| *Breakin' It Up on The Beatles Tour!*
(1964) ***This Is Jackie DeShannon***
(1965) *In the Wind*
(1965) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *This Is Jackie DeShannon* | |
| 1. "What The World Needs Now Is Love"
Released: 1965 | |
|  | |


title: Matt Arya

abstract: Matthew Derek Arya is an American retired professional soccer player.

text:
# Matt Arya

**Matthew Derek Arya** is an American retired professional soccer player.

## Early life and education

Arya attended Monta Vista High School where he played soccer and was named to the all-county and all-peninsula teams. He originally went to college in 1990 at the University of California, Los Angeles where he played for one season on the Bruins team. He transferred to Santa Clara University in 1991 and played for the Santa Clara Broncos men's soccer team. At Santa Clara, he scored 9 goals en route to being named to the 1991 all-West Coast Conference second team.

Arya attended De Anza College in 1992 and played for their men's soccer team. He finished the last two years of his collegiate career at the University of California, Santa Barbara and played for his brother, Mark Arya, who was the head coach of the UC Santa Barbara Gauchos men's soccer team. While at UCSB in 1994, he scored the second highest number of goals in one season with 15. He finished his UCSB career with 21 goals and 14 assists.

## Professional soccer career

After graduation from UC Santa Barbara, Arya turned professional and joined the Monterey Bay Jaguars for the 1995 USISL Professional League. He continued with the franchise through their rebrand to the California Jaguars for the 1996 USISL Select League. He also played in Brazil and Thailand.

## Personal life

Arya's brother, Mark Arya, also played soccer and served as the head coach of the UC Santa Barbara Gauchos men's soccer team. Following his professional career, Arya joined Colliers International.

## InfoBox

Matt Arya
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Matthew Derek Arya | | |
| Position(s) | Forward / Midfielder | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Monta Vista High School | | |
| College career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1990 | UCLA Bruins |  |  |
| 1991 | Santa Clara Broncos |  | (9) |
| 1993–1994 | UC Santa Barbara Gauchos |  | (21) |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1995 | Monterey Bay Jaguars |  |  |
| 1996 | California Jaguars |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Frankia

abstract: Frankia is a genus of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in symbiosis with actinorhizal plants, similar to the Rhizobium bacteria found in the root nodules of legumes in the family Fabaceae. Frankia also initiate the forming of root nodules. This genus was originally named by Jørgen Brunchorst, in 1886 to honor the German biologist Albert Bernhard Frank. Brunchorst considered the organism he had identified to be a filamentous fungus. Becking redefined the genus in 1970 as containing prokaryotic actinomycetes and created the family Frankiaceae within the Actinomycetales. He retained the original name of Frankia for the genus.

text:
# Frankia

***Frankia*** is a genus of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in symbiosis with actinorhizal plants, similar to the *Rhizobium* bacteria found in the root nodules of legumes in the family Fabaceae. *Frankia* also initiate the forming of root nodules.

This genus was originally named by Jørgen Brunchorst, in 1886 to honor the German biologist Albert Bernhard Frank. Brunchorst considered the organism he had identified to be a filamentous fungus. Becking redefined the genus in 1970 as containing prokaryotic actinomycetes and created the family Frankiaceae within the Actinomycetales. He retained the original name of *Frankia* for the genus.

## Overview

Most *Frankia* strains are specific to different plant species. The bacteria are filamentous and convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia via the enzyme nitrogenase, a process known as nitrogen fixation. They do this while living in root nodules on actinorhizal plants. The bacteria can supply most or all of the nitrogen requirements of the host plant. As a result, actinorhizal plants colonise and often thrive in soils that are low in plant nutrients.

Several *Frankia* genomes are now available which may help clarify how the symbiosis between prokaryote and plant evolved, how the environmental and geographical adaptations occurred, the metabolic diversity, and the horizontal gene flow among the symbiotic prokaryotes.

*Frankia* can resist low concentration of heavy metals such as, Cu, Co, and Zn. *Frankia* may be an advantage for degraded soil. Degraded soil is known as soil that is heavy metal rich or nutrient depleted due to a drought. *Frankia* is a nitrogen-fixed organism, explaining why it is able to resist heavy metals.

*Frankia* is a gram-positive Bacteria that is found on the roots of plants. The fact that *Frankia* is gram-positive means that the bacteria is made up of thick cell walls made out of protein called peptidologlycan. This helps with the resistance of the heavy metals that may be in the degraded soil.

*Frankia* tolerates a narrow range of temperatures and soil pH levels. It grows best at around 30 degrees Celsius with an environment pH between 6.5 and 7. These facts shows that *Frankia* is very sensitive to its environment. Though *Frankia* would not be suitable for all agriculture it does demonstrate possibilities in select areas, or in temperature controlled environments.

## Symbiont plants

## Nodule Formation

*Frankia* forms nodules via two methods of root infection, intercellularly and intracellularly. Intracellular infection is characterized by initial root-hair deformation which is then infected by the filamentous *Frankia*. The *Frankia* then moves within the root cells and forms a pre-nodule which is characterized by a bump on the root. This then gives rise to a Nodule primordium which feeds the bacteria via the vascular tissue of the plant allowing the nodule to mature.

In contrast the intercellular infection does not have root hair deformation. Instead, the filamentous *Frankia* invades the roots in the space between cells on the root. After this invasion a Nodule primordium is created similarly to the intracellular mode of formation and the nodule matures.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

| 16S rRNA based LTP\_08\_2023 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214 |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |

Species incertae sedis:

* *F. nepalensis* Nouioui et al. 2023

## InfoBox

| *Frankia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| An alder root nodule. | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
| Class: | Actinomycetia |
| Order: | Frankiales |
| Family: | Frankiaceae
Becking 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) |
| Genus: | *Frankia*
Brunchorst 1886 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Frankia alni*
(Woronin 1866) Von Tubeuf 1895 non Steud. 1840 | |
| Species | |
| See text | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Frankiella* Maire and Tison 1909 non von Speschnew 1900 non Racheboeuf 1983 * *Parafrankia* Gtari 2023 * *Protofrankia* Gtari 2023 * *Pseudofrankia* Gtari 2023 | |


title: Matthew Halsall

abstract: Matthew Halsall is an English jazz musician, composer, producer and founder of the independent jazz label Gondwana Records, based in Manchester.

text:
# Matthew Halsall

**Matthew Halsall** is an English jazz musician, composer, producer and founder of the independent jazz label Gondwana Records, based in Manchester.

## Biography

Halsall released his debut album *Sending My Love* in 2008, which was also the first release on his label Gondwana Records, followed by *Colour Yes* in 2009. Success came with his third album *On the Go* in 2011, awarded the Gilles Peterson Worldwide Winners Award, and nominated as best jazz act in the 2011 MOBO Awards.

In 2012 the fourth album *Fletcher Moss Park* was released, and in 2014 he released his fifth album *When the World Was One* with the eight-member group *Gondwana Orchestra*. This album was awarded iTunes Jazz Album of the Year 2014.

In 2015 *Into Forever*, and a remix of *On the Go* in 2016, were released. In 2019 he released *Oneness*.

2020's *Salute To The Sun* marks the debut of his new band, with young musicians from Manchester. The album draws inspiration from themes of ecology, the environment and harmony with nature.

Halsall released his latest album *An Ever Changing View* on 8 September 2023.

## Music style

Halsall's music is inspired by the spiritual jazz of Alice Coltrane, Pharoah Sanders and Miles Davis, with trip hop influences following in the footsteps of The Cinematic Orchestra.

## Discography

### Albums

#### Solo

* *Sending My Love* (2008)
* *Colour Yes* (2009)
* *On the Go* (2011)
* *Fletcher Moss Park* (2012)
* *Oneness* (2019)
* *Salute To The Sun* (2020)
* *An Ever Changing View* (2023)

#### Matthew Halsall & The Gondwana Orchestra

* *When the World Was One* (2014)
* *Into Forever* (2015)

### EPs

* *The Temple Within* (2022)
* *Changing Earth* (2022)

### Singles

* "Journey in Satchidananda" / "Blue Nile" (2015)

## InfoBox

| Matthew Halsall | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Manchester, United Kingdom |
| Genres | Jazz |
| Instrument | Trumpet |
| Labels | Gondwana Records |
|  | |
| Website | www.matthewhalsall.com |


title: Matthew 8:2

abstract: Matthew 8:2 is the second verse of the eighth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse begins the miracle story of Jesus cleansing a leper, the first of a series of miracles in Matthew.

text:
# Matthew 8:2

**Matthew 8:2** is the second verse of the eighth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse begins the miracle story of Jesus cleansing a leper, the first of a series of miracles in Matthew.

## Content

In the original Greek according to Westcott-Hort this verse is:

καὶ ἰδοὺ λεπρὸς προσέλθων προσεκύνει αὐτῷ λέγων κύριε ἐὰν θέλῃς δύνασαί με καθαρίσαι

In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:

And, behold, there came a leper and worshipped him, saying, Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean.

The English Standard Version translates the passage as:

And behold, a leper came to him and knelt before him, saying, “Lord, if you will, you can make me clean.”

## Analysis

This verse provides a rapid introduction to the story of the miracle. Where and when it is happening is not told, nor is any information on the leper, including his name. This is a common structure in miracle literature of the time. While the disease is universally translated as leprosy, it does not refer to the disease as today defined, but rather to any skin condition. Those with such conditions were generally shunned and excluded from society.

"And behold" is a phrase that Matthew uses often to emphasize the importance of a section, often using it to begin miracles. Matthew also adds *lord* to his version, again emphasizing the importance of Jesus. *Lord* in Matthew is only used by disciples and followers of Jesus, it was not a term of general politeness.

This story of the Leper occurs in both Mark and Luke, with this verse being paralleled by both Mark 1:40 and Luke 5:12. Of much interest to scholars is that *Lord* appears in both Matthew and Luke, but not in Mark. This contradicts the generally accepted Two-source hypothesis. These matching changes imply that Luke was working from Matthew, or that they both may have been working from an edition of Mark that differs from the standard one now extant. Davies and Allison don't put much weight on this evidence, noting that both Matthew and Luke add the word *Lord* to their narratives, and may very well have coincidentally done so here.

Kneeling before someone or something in scripture is a regular motif for worship and adoration, and Matthew has 41 other figures do so over the course of the gospel. It implies that Jesus is a figure for adoration, on a level equal with the Temple. The leper does not ask Jesus to ask God to heal him, but rather asks Jesus himself, evidence the advanced Christology in Matthew.

## Commentary from the Church Fathers

Pseudo-Chrysostom: Among others who were not able to ascend into the mount was the leper, as bearing the burden of sin; for the sin of our souls is a leprosy. And the Lord came down from the height of heaven, as from a mountain, that He might purge the leprousness of our sin; and so the leper as already prepared meets Him as He came down.

Adamantius (Pseudo-Origen): He works the cures below, and does none in the mount; for there is a time for all things under heaven, a time for teaching, and a time for healing. On the mount He taught, He cured souls, He healed hearts; which being finished, as He came down from the heavenly heights to heal bodies, there came to Him a leper and made adoration to Him; before he made his suit, he began to adore, showing his great reverence.

Pseudo-Chrysostom: He did not ask it of Him as of a human physician, but adored Him as God. For faith and confession make a perfect prayer; so that the leprous man in adoring fulfilled the work of faith, and the work of confession in words, he made adoration to him, saying;

Adamantius (Pseudo-Origen): Lord, by Thee all things were made, Thou therefore, if thou will, canst make me clean. Thy will is the work, and all works are subject to Thy will. Thou of old cleansedst Naaman the Syrian of his leprosy by the hand of Elisha, and now, if thou will, thou canst make me clean.

Chrysostom: He said not, If Thou wilt ask of God, or, If Thou wilt make adoration to God; but, If thou wilt. Nor did he say, Lord, cleanse me; but left all to Him, thereby making Him Lord, and attributing to Him the power over all.

Pseudo-Chrysostom: And thus he rewarded a spiritual Physician with a spiritual reward; for as physicians are gained by money, so He with prayer. We offer to God nothing more worthy than faithful prayer. In that he says, If thou wilt, there is no doubt that Christ's will is ready to every good work; but only doubt whether that cure would be expedient for him, because soundness of body is not good for all. If thou wilt then is as much as to say, I believe that Thou wiliest whatever is good, but I know not if this that I desire for myself is good.

| Preceded by
**Matthew 8:1** | **Gospel of Matthew
Chapter 8** | Succeeded by
**Matthew 8:3** |
| --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

| Matthew 8:2 | |
| --- | --- |
| 8:18:3 | |
| A medieval mosaic of Christ and the Leper | |
| Book | Gospel of Matthew |
| Christian Bible part | New Testament |


title: Matthew 8:14

abstract: Matthew 8:14 is the fourteenth verse of the eighth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse and the following verse constitute a "simple short story" in which Jesus heals Peter's mother-in-law.

text:
# Matthew 8:14

**Matthew 8:14** is the fourteenth verse of the eighth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse and the following verse constitute a "simple short story" in which Jesus heals Peter's mother-in-law.

## Content

In the original Greek according to Westcott-Hort this verse is:

Καὶ ἐλθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν Πέτρου εἶδεν τὴν πενθερὰν αὐτοῦ βεβλημένην καὶ πυρέσσουσαν

In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:

And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's mother laid, and sick of a fever.

The New International Version translates the passage as:

When Jesus came into Peter's house, he saw Peter's mother-in-law lying in bed with a fever.

For a collection of other versions see BibleHub Matthew 8:14.

## Analysis

This passage clearly indicates that the apostle Peter was married. Cornelius a Lapide notes that "none of the Apostles, except Peter, are spoken of in the Gospels as having a wife". It is said that he left his wife and daughter to follow Jesus.

Ancient commentaries say that "the fever of the soul is the fire of concupiscence, the burning heat of lust, of gluttony, of pride and of envy." Support for this comes from the words of St. Paul, "If they cannot contain, let them marry, for it is better to marry than to burn" (1 Cor 7:9). It is believed this account is related somewhat out of sequence since the other gospels place this account before the Sermon on the Mount. Only Matthew here places it after it.

## Commentary from the Church Fathers

Anselm of Canterbury: Matthew having in the leper shown the healing of the whole human race, and in the centurion's servant that of the Gentiles, now figures the healing of the synagogue in Peter's mother-in-law. He relates the case of the servant, first, because it was the greater miracle, and the grace was greater in the conversion of the Gentile; or because the synagogue should not be fully converted till the end of the age when the fulness of the Gentiles should have entered in. Peter's house was in Bethsaida.

Chrysostom: Why did He enter into Peter's house? I think to take food; for it follows, And she arose, and ministered to them. For He abode with His disciples to do them honour, and to make them more zealous. Observe Peter's reverence towards Christ; though his mother-in-law lay at home sick of a fever, yet he did not force Him thither at once, but waited till His teaching should be completed, and others healed. For from the beginning he was instructed to prefer others to himself. Wherefore he did not even bring Him thither, but Christ went in of Himself; purposing, because the centurion had said, I am not worthy that thou shouldest come under my roof, to show what He granted to a disciple. And He did not scorn to enter the humble hut of a fisherman, instructing us in everything to trample upon human pride. Sometimes He heals by a word, sometimes He reaches forth His hand; as here, He touched her hand, and the fever left her. For He would not always work miracles with display of surpassing power, but would sometimes be hid. By touching her body He not only banished the fever, but restored her to perfect health. Because her sickness was such as art could cure, He showed his power to heal, in doing what medicine could not do, giving her back perfect health and strength at once; which is intimated in what the Evangelist adds, And she arose, and ministered to them.

Jerome: For naturally the greatest weakness follows fever, and the evils of sickness begin to be felt as the patient begins to recover; but that health which is given by the Lord's power is complete at once.

1. Allison, D., *56. Matthew*, in Barton, J. and Muddiman, J. (2001), The Oxford Bible Commentary, p. 857
2. Cornelius Cornelii a Lapide; Thomas Wimberly Mossman *The great commentary of Cornelius à Lapide,* London: J. Hodges, 1889-1896.
3. Robert Witham, *Annotations on the New Testament of Jesus Christ.* Dublin: 1730.
4. "Catena Aurea: commentary on the four Gospels; collected out of the works of the Fathers. Oxford: Parker, 1874. Thomas Aquinas". Oxford, Parker. 1874., pp. 311-312  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

| Preceded by
**Matthew 8:13** | **Gospel of Matthew
Chapter 8** | Succeeded by
**Matthew 8:15** |
| --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

| Matthew 8:14 | |
| --- | --- |
| 8:138:15 | |
| "Christ heals Peter's mother-in-law", by Joost van Geel (1797). | |
| Book | Gospel of Matthew |
| Christian Bible part | New Testament |


title: Thomas-Everard family

abstract:
The Thomas-Everard family are a family of British farmers who became known to the public during the 2001 foot and mouth crisis. The son Guy Thomas-Everard made an impassioned plea against his healthy farm animals being killed as part of a pre-emptive cull designed by the Ministry for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) to save Exmoor animals from foot and mouth disease. The plea and threatened legal challenge was ultimately successful. The case saw the Thomas-Everard family enter politics, campaigning on rural affairs. The father, Chris Thomas-Everard, is a leading member of the Countryside Party. He stood as the first candidate for the party in the South West England region at the 2004 European election. Thomas-Everard failed to get a seat in the European Parliament, though the party did retain its deposit in the region. On May 7, 2001, MAFF decided to kill the animals at two farms between Bridgetown and Dulverton because a farm worker on one of the farms had come into contact with the disease at other farms near Taunton. If the two farms became infected they were expected by MAFF officials to act as a "gateway" for the disease to spread from there to the rest of Exmoor. However, vets examined the animals on Thomas-Everard's farm and were happy that they were uninfected. Initially MAFF decided to go ahead with the cull regardless. Thomas-Everard was furious. In an interview with the BBC he said
  - "All we can do is to try and make MAFF see sense. And stop trying to blackmail us, and stop this bloody nonsense of saying all our neighbours want us culled. It's a bloody lie!" He blocked the entrance to the farm with a truck and said that he had instructed lawyers to prevent MAFF carrying out the cull. On May 10, following intensive media coverage, MAFF announced that the risk of contraction of disease at the farm had been re-assessed and downgraded. Thus the cull was not carried out. Guy Thomas-Everard joined a group of farmers, businessmen and media organisations who brought an unsuccessful legal challenge to the government's decision not to hold a public inquiry into the foot and mouth crisis. The Government held three inquiries all of which published its findings publicly, but gathered their information in private.

text:
# Thomas-Everard family

The **Thomas-Everard family** are a family of British farmers who became known to the public during the 2001 foot and mouth crisis. The son **Guy Thomas-Everard** made an impassioned plea against his healthy farm animals being killed as part of a pre-emptive cull designed by the Ministry for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) to save Exmoor animals from foot and mouth disease. The plea and threatened legal challenge was ultimately successful.

The case saw the Thomas-Everard family enter politics, campaigning on rural affairs. The father, **Chris Thomas-Everard**, is a leading member of the Countryside Party. He stood as the first candidate for the party in the South West England region at the 2004 European election. Thomas-Everard failed to get a seat in the European Parliament, though the party did retain its deposit in the region.

On May 7, 2001, MAFF decided to kill the animals at two farms between Bridgetown and Dulverton because a farm worker on one of the farms had come into contact with the disease at other farms near Taunton. If the two farms became infected they were expected by MAFF officials to act as a "gateway" for the disease to spread from there to the rest of Exmoor. However, vets examined the animals on Thomas-Everard's farm and were happy that they were uninfected. Initially MAFF decided to go ahead with the cull regardless. Thomas-Everard was furious. In an interview with the BBC he said

"All we can do is to try and make MAFF see sense. And stop trying to blackmail us, and stop this bloody nonsense of saying all our neighbours want us culled. It's a bloody lie!"

He blocked the entrance to the farm with a truck and said that he had instructed lawyers to prevent MAFF carrying out the cull. On May 10, following intensive media coverage, MAFF announced that the risk of contraction of disease at the farm had been re-assessed and downgraded. Thus the cull was not carried out.

Guy Thomas-Everard joined a group of farmers, businessmen and media organisations who brought an unsuccessful legal challenge to the government's decision not to hold a public inquiry into the foot and mouth crisis. The Government held three inquiries all of which published its findings publicly, but gathered their information in private.


title: Frank Parkinson (baseball)

abstract: Frank Joseph "Parky" Parkinson was an American professional baseball player.

text:
# Frank Parkinson (baseball)

**Frank Joseph "Parky" Parkinson** (March 23, 1895 – July 4, 1960) was an American professional baseball player.

## Early life

One of seven sons and two daughters born to Polish immigrants, Frank "Parky" Parkinson was born in Dickson City, Pennsylvania, on March 23, 1895. His parents were Michael Parczynski and Mary Anna Blendowka from West Prussia, Prussia. When he was a year old the family moved to Trenton, New Jersey. The family can be found in the 1900 census for Trenton, NJ, living on Asbury Street.

By the age of 15 he had quit school and was working as a laborer in a car shop. In 1917 when the United States entered World War I, Parkinson enlisted in the Army. He served 2 years with the 35th Engineers, Company I before he was honorably discharged.

## Professional career

Parkinson played for the Philadelphia Phillies between 1921 and 1924. His first game was April 13, 1921 at the Baker Bowl in Philadelphia against the New York Giants. He was a 26-year-old rookie, like most men of his generation his career was put on hold while fighting in Europe during World War I Parkinson was right-handed and primarily played second base, although he was occasionally used as a third baseman and a shortstop. In 378 lifetime games, he had 335 hits and batted .256; his 93 strikeouts in 1922 led the National League. His total of 562 assists in 1922 at second base is among the highest all-time for a single season.

After his stint with the Phillies, Parkinson played several years in minor leagues, signing with the Nashville Vols in 1925 and the Pittsfield Hillies in 1927-28.

Parkinson's obituary from The Trenton Evening Times stated that "Parkinson's best day with the Phillies was Labor Day 1922 when he hit two home runs and two doubles to beat the Brooklyn Dodgers 7 to 6. He set was then a fielding record with 12 putouts and assists without an error"

A knee injury effectively ended Parkinson's career 1929.

## Personal life

Parkinson married Margaret Ferry on October 18, 1924 in Trenton, New Jersey. They had no children and remained married until his death in 1960. Prior to his death he worked for the Trenton Board of Education and remained active in local Minor League Baseball administration.

## InfoBox

| Frank Parkinson | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| **Second baseman** | |
| **Born:** (1895-03-23)March 23, 1895
Dickson City, Pennsylvania | |
| **Died:** July 4, 1960(1960-07-04) (aged 65)
Trenton, New Jersey | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| April 13, 1921, for the Philadelphia Phillies | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| September 27, 1924, for the Philadelphia Phillies | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .256 |
| Home runs | 24 |
| Runs batted in | 149 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Frank Parkhurst Brackett

abstract: Frank Parkhurst Brackett was an American professor of astronomy who taught at Pomona College.

text:
# Frank Parkhurst Brackett

**Frank Parkhurst Brackett** (June 16, 1865 – September 3, 1951) was an American professor of astronomy who taught at Pomona College.

## Biography

Brackett was born in Provincetown, Massachusetts, the eldest son of Solomon Hoyt Brackett and Mary A. née Thomas. The following year his father taught school at Stoneham, then in 1868 he was named principal of the High School in Keene, New Hampshire. He later became Professor of Natural Sciences at St. Johnsbury Academy in Vermont. Frank matriculated to Dartmouth College, where he paid his way working various jobs, then graduated with a B.S. in 1887 with Phi Beta Kappa honors. The same year he moved to Los Angeles, California and accepted a teaching position at a private school.

In 1888, at the behest of Reverend Charles B. Sumner, he helped found a small Christian school in Pomona that served as the foundation of Pomona College. Bracket initially served as an instructor in mathematics and Latin at the school. He was married to the local watercolor artist Lucretia Burdick on August 15, 1889. The couple had two sons. The eldest, Frederick Sumner Brackett, was born August 1, 1896 and became a biophysicist. The younger son, Frank Parkhurst Brackett Jr., became a chemist and a supervising executive.

Brackett was awarded a Master of Arts degree from Dartmouth College in 1890. The same year he became professor of astronomy at Pomona. To instruct his students, Brackett relied on a six-inch telescope that was acquired second-hand. A college observatory based on his design was completed in 1908 and Brackett became its director. This structure was funded by a former student, Llewellyn Bixby, from the class of 1901. It was dedicated the Frank P. Brackett Observatory in his honor.

During the November months at Pomona College, Brackett organized several observing campaigns with his students to perform meteor counts of the Leonids. In 1910, Brackett became professor of mathematics at the University of California. The following year he joined Charles G. Abbot on the Smithsonian Expedition to Algeria as part of an ongoing effort to measure the solar constant. Two years later he joined another Smithsonian expedition that ascended Mount Whitney to measure nocturnal radiation from the atmosphere. After World War I began in 1914, he took a leave from his teaching position to participate on the Commission for Relief in Belgium. He was given permission by the German occupation forces to visit the Royal Observatory of Belgium in 1916 and report on its condition. In 1917, he worked on the Selective Service Act in the Los Angeles area.

Brackett penned the *History of Pomona Valley, California*, which was published in 1920. During the 1920s he joined the R.O.T.C. and was trained at Angel Island. He was awarded an honorary PhD from Dartmouth in 1927 on the occasion of the 40th reunion of his class. The solar eclipse of April 28, 1930 passed over California, and Pomona College organized an expedition to observe the event. He retired from teaching at Pomona in 1933, as professor emeritus of astronomy. His wife Lucretia passed in 1937. In 1944, he published his reminiscences of the college in a work titled *Granite and Sagebrush*. He was awarded an honorary PhD from Pomona in 1947 on the 60th anniversary of its founding.

Brackett Field in Los Angeles County is named after him.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Frank Parkhurst Brackett | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1865-06-16)June 16, 1865
Provincetown, Massachusetts |
| Died | September 3, 1951(1951-09-03) (aged 86)
Los Angeles County, California |
| Alma mater | Dartmouth College (M.A.) |
| Employer | Pomona College |
| Spouse | Lucretia Burdick |
| Parents | * Solomon Hoyt Brackett (father) * Mary A. Thomas (mother) |


title: Matthew Taylor (sculptor)

abstract: Matthew Taylor was a sculptor based in Leeds and Arthington, West Yorkshire, England. He was apprenticed to Catherine Mawer, and was known in his day for bust, medallion and relief portraits, and statues. He exhibited some of these in Leeds Art Gallery during the last decade of his life. Between 1861 and 1876 he worked in partnership with Benjamin Burstall (1835–1876); they executed the sculpture on the Town Hall at Bolton in Greater Manchester. After Taylor's death, in 1905 his work received further recognition when Reverend W.T. Adey praised his carving on William Taylor's gravestone at Woodhouse Cemetery, Leeds, and named it the "Angler's Tomb." That work is now a listed monument. Taylor was a member of the Mawer Group, which included the above-mentioned sculptors, plus Robert Mawer, Charles Mawer, Benjamin Payler and William Ingle.

text:
# Matthew Taylor (sculptor)

**Matthew Taylor** (Leeds 2 February 1837– Arthington 9 July 1889) (fl. 1861–1889) was a sculptor based in Leeds and Arthington, West Yorkshire, England. He was apprenticed to Catherine Mawer, and was known in his day for bust, medallion and relief portraits, and statues. He exhibited some of these in Leeds Art Gallery during the last decade of his life. Between 1861 and 1876 he worked in partnership with Benjamin Burstall (1835–1876); they executed the sculpture on the Town Hall at Bolton in Greater Manchester. After Taylor's death, in 1905 his work received further recognition when Reverend W.T. Adey praised his carving on William Taylor's gravestone at Woodhouse Cemetery, Leeds, and named it the "Angler's Tomb." That work is now a listed monument. Taylor was a member of the Mawer Group, which included the above-mentioned sculptors, plus Robert Mawer, Charles Mawer, Benjamin Payler and William Ingle.

## Early life

Matthew Taylor (Leeds 2 February 1837– Arthington 9 July 1889; fl. 1861–1889). His paternal grandfather was Matthew Taylor, a farmer, who married Elizabeth. His father was William Taylor (Grewelthorpe c.1793 – Leeds 24 May 1873); a joiner and carpenter who moved to Leeds as a young man and married there; he is buried at St George's Fields, Leeds. His mother was Hannah Fisher (Gildersome 1800 – Leeds 12 August 1883). Matthew was born in East Street, Leeds, and baptised at St Peter's, Leeds Parish Church, on 26 February 1837. The 1841 Census finds him, the fourth of five siblings, living with his parents at Queen's Place, Leeds. In 1851 the family was living at Back Claremont Place, Leeds; three children remain at home, and Matthew was still a scholar at age 14. In 1861 the family was living at 12 Tolson Street, Leeds, and Matthew was still with his parents and two siblings; he was now a sculptor at age 24.

## Apprenticeship

He was apprenticed to Catherine Mawer from about 1851, alongside Benjamin Paylor. In 1856 Catherine summonsed him to Court for disobeying orders, but her case was dismissed. During this hearing, when he was nineteen years old, the *Leeds Intelligencer* described him as "exceedingly clever at his business." Assuming that he completed his apprenticeship at age 21, he could have been a top sculptor from 1858. It is not known whether he continued employment with Catherine Mawer during the next three years. From 1861 he ran his own business, carving busts and medallion portraits. and creating monumental sculpture. He was also possibly a monumental and architectural sculptor. On 27 September 1866 he married Elizabeth Keith (Bolton 1842 – North Leeds 3 November 1934), the daughter of a paper maker. Benjamin Burstall was a witness to the marriage. In the 1871 Census Matthew was living at 6 Hillary Street, Leeds, with his wife and his child Frances aged 2 years. Matthew and Elizabeth had five children, of whom the eldest was artist-sculptor Francis Bertram (1868–1950). The others were George (1873 – South Africa 16 January 1896) a clerk-solicitor, Sydney (b.1876), Lucy (1879 – Arthington 18 June 1906) and Ellen (b.1883).

## Career

From around 1861 to 1876, he worked in partnership, as Burstall and Taylor, Sculptors, with Benjamin Burstall (1835–1876). Their function has been described as "marble masons and statuaries, sculptors." The partnership was based in Cookridge Street, Leeds, and ended when Burstall died of tuberculosis.

Taylor was the "gifted sculptor" of the 1870s angler's tomb in Woodhouse Cemetery. In July 1880 he exhibited "excellent works" at The Yorkshire Art Exhibition. Between 1871 and 1876 he was at 6 Hillary Street, Leeds, describing himself as a sculptor. In 1881 he was trading at 52 Cookridge Street, Leeds, describing himself as sculptor and stone carver. Between 1881 and 1889 he was living at St Peter's Cottage, Arthington, in Wharfedale, where he died. On 3 October 1888, at the opening of Leeds City Art Gallery, one of his sculptures was in the central museum court. In 1889 he exhibited multiple works at the Spring Exhibition at Leeds City Art Gallery.

## Death

He left £2,437 14s 5d at his death. He is buried in Arthington churchyard.

## Works by Burstall and Taylor

Known works of general architectural sculpture by Burstall and Taylor are:

## Works by Matthew Taylor

Taylor exhibited a number of works at Leeds Art Gallery, but as of 2017 its collection no longer contained any of his works. In support of his work, he took an interest in the local fauna; an example of a plaster cast of fishes is listed below. He contributed some finds to the scientific department of the Mechanics' Institute at Pateley Bridge: for example a hummingbird hawk-moth caught at his home village of Arthington on 31 July 1883. He also contributed to Leeds Naturalists' Club a live noctule bat which he caught while fishing near Arthington on 28 May 1883.

### Former Queen's Hotel, Leeds, 1863

This hotel preceded the present Queens Hotel, Leeds. The West Midland Railway Company decided to build the hotel at a meeting on 16 August 1859, and in 1861 it was authorised by the Midland Railway Act of Parliament. It was designed by Perkin & Backhouse, built by W. Nicholson & Son, and was "of a very ornate character, in the Italian style of architecture." In 1867 and 1898, new wings were added, designed by C.T. Trubshaw. The hotel opened on 10 January 1863.

The old Queen's Hotel included "carvings of a railway engine puffing out of a tunnel (near the main entrance), a fiddle, bottle of wine, game, fruit etc. There were also ram's heads, festoons of ivy leaves, and "some beautiful carvings of human heads with tolerably pleasant countenances."

"This decorative work was executed by a Leeds sculptor Matthew Taylor ... He has a son and granddaughter still living in Leeds." "On one occasion a lecturer on art took members of a club to see this carving. They were scanning the walls of the Queen's with field glasses, so the story goes, and attracted attention sufficient to draw a crowd. The crowd grew to large proportions and the traffic was impeded. The police arrived and dispersed the crowd - and, the story continues, dispersed the members of the club before they had properly scrutinised the carving." This carving included grapes and a bottle, a violin, partridges, pheasants and pears. By 1935 the carvings were "blackened by age, and pass unnoticed unless they are closely sought. An old employee at the Queen's says he has often been asked to show visitors the railway engine coming out of the tunnel. There are bearded faces also peering down from the walls." Demolition man Mr Edwin Airey ... said ... "If anything of real value is found during the demolition, we shall doubtless do our best to preserve it; but it is often difficult to remove stone carvings intact during a demolition of this kind." The Queen's Hotel was demolished in September 1935.

Media related to Old Queen's Hotel, Leeds at Wikimedia Commons

### Portrait bust of the Artist's Father, before 1873

This bust of William Taylor (1793–1873) was exhibited at the Yorkshire Fine Art Society's First Spring Exhibition, in Leeds, on 1 June 1880.

### Gravestone of William Taylor, or "Angler's Tomb", after May 1873

This is a Grade II listed monument, listed for its "finely carved lettering and figures." Matthew Taylor's father William died on 24 May 1873 and was buried in Woodhouse Cemetery four days later. Matthew was the "gifted sculptor" of William's gravestone, known as the "Angler's Tomb". As of 2017, the gravestone has been removed from the right to the left side of the chapel at Woodhouse Cemetery, and the kingfisher is missing from the top of the monument. The illustration of fishing in the Wharfe has weathered, obscuring the face of William Taylor and the view of Grewelthorpe on the far bank. The Reverend William Thomas Adey (1844–1925), who was pastor of Burley Road Baptist Church, Leeds 1870–1878, and a friend of Matthew, wrote about this "beautiful and interesting memorial" in 1905 as follows:

> "It is the tomb of that of an ancient angler, old William Taylor, of Grewelthorpe. Situated on the right hand side of the chapel at Woodhouse Cemetery ... it does one's heart good to see in it a memorial of filial affection and of exquisite good taste. The monumental slab at the head of the grave is thicker than usual, so as to give a good appearance when viewed edgeway. As if resting for a moment on the apex is a kingfisher, beautifully posed with a minnow in its mouth. In the upper part of the stone above the inscription are three trout, arranged in a triangle as an ecclesiastical symbol of the Trinity. Beneath, and occupying a large part of the face, is a sunk medallion with a representation of the stream, with Grewelthorpe village on the farther bank, and with the old man in the foreground playing a trout, whilst the son, who was the gifted sculptor of the tomb, is receiving it in the landing net. The figures are portraits and are in fine preservation. On the plinth of the tomb, as if left there once for all, is a wonderful facsimile, in actual size though in stone, of the fish basket with strap and buckle. Finally, at the shoulders of the stone are, beautifully represented in medallions and in natural size, a water-ousel and a kingfisher, one on either side ... The writer was a Leeds pastor, and Mr. Taylor, the younger, was an old waterside companion in occasional visits to the Wharfe, at Arthington and Pool ... It is evident that even now a process of settlement is working damage, and an encroaching Aucuba japonica is concealing one of the most beautifully designed tombstones in this, or any other country." (*Leeds Mercury* 24 June 1905)

Media related to Woodhouse Cemetery, Angler's Tomb at Wikimedia Commons

### Plaster casts of fishes, 1875

In 1875, the *Leeds Mercury* noted that plaster casts of fishes shown to the Leeds Naturalists' Field Club by Matthew Taylor were "objects of great interest."

### Bust of Baron de Vasceoncellos, before 1880

This bust of an unidentified member of the Vasconcelos family of Portuguese nobility was exhibited at the Yorkshire Fine Art Society's First Spring Exhibition, 1880.

### St George and the Dragon, before 1880

This Caen stone sculpture was exhibited at the Yorkshire Fine Art Society's First Spring Exhibition on 1 June 1880 and valued at £10 10s. The piece was again exhibited at Leeds City Art Gallery's Spring Exhibition in 1889 in case F.

### Portrait bust of the Artist's Son, before 1880

This portrait bust of the artist's son was exhibited at the Yorkshire Fine Art Society's First Spring Exhibition, in Leeds, on 1 June 1880

### Bust of George Broughton, before 1880

George Broughton (b.1842) was an iron founder and engineer who was one of the owners of Kirklees Iron Works, Mill Lane, Clifton, Dewsbury. The works was large, and established in 1864. It was demolished in 2017, and a supermarket was built on the site. This terracotta portrait bust of him was exhibited at the Yorkshire Fine Art Society's First Spring Exhibition, in Leeds, on 1 June 1880. The terracotta version could be ordered for £10 10s, and a marble version could be commissioned for £70.

### Statues of boy and girl, Former School Board offices, Leeds, 1879–1881

The former Leeds School Board building, in Calverley Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire, is a Grade II\* listed building. It was designed by George Corson. Benjamin Payler carved the exterior details of the building, and Matthew Taylor executed the statues of a boy and girl placed just inside the main entrance. In 1881 the Leeds Mercury said:

> "Entering by the principal doorway in Calverley Street, it will be noticed that in the jambs of the archway are carved full-length figures, emblematical of School Board work. They represent a boy and girl on their way to school. The work has been carefully executed, and reflects credit on the sculptor, Mr. Matthew Taylor, of Leeds." (*Leeds Mercury* 29 September 1881)

This pair of sculptures is known informally as Frank and Molly. The model for the sculpture of the girl was Mary Isabel Ingleby (Leeds, 1868 – Pickering, 1925) She was the daughter of William Ingleby (b. Leeds, 1834), a lithographic writer, and his wife Jane (b. Patrington or Partington 1837), and in 1881 they were living at 5 Regent Park Terrace, Headingley, Leeds. However, the 1871 Census shows them living at 16 Hillary Street, Leeds, five doors away from Matthew Taylor. Mary Ingleby married William Dibble Pollitt (1859–1940), a chemist, in 1890. In 1881 when her sculpted portrait was unveiled, she was about thirteen years old and still a scholar. The model for the sculpture of the boy was the eldest son of Matthew Taylor, who was also about thirteen years old in 1881. He was artist-sculptor Francis Bertram Taylor (1868–1950). "The figure of the boy, with hair nicely parted and carrying a slate and book ... is supposed to be the image of the sculptor's son, Mr Frances B. Taylor, who now (as of 1935) lives in retirement in Leeds ... These facts were given ... by Mrs E. Farmery ... granddaughter of Matthew Taylor." It is reasonable to suppose that the carving was begun in 1879, since the sculpted models are apparently younger than thirteen years old.

Media related to Leeds School Board building, statues at Wikimedia Commons

### Leeds Municipal Buildings (now Leeds Central Library) 1879–1884

This is a Grade II\* listed building, designed by George Corson and opened on 16 April 1884. Matthew Taylor may have been responsible for the lion-dog carvings on the interior stair rail, bearing in mind his interest in wildlife at Leeds Naturalists' Field Club, his presence with Benjamin Burstall at Bolton Town Hall when an unidentified predator escaped into the rafters there, and Matthew's signature portrait near the roof above those carvings. The exterior carving was executed by Matthew Taylor and Benjamin Payler.

Media related to Leeds Central Library, carvings at Wikimedia Commons

### Medallion portrait of Reverend William Busfield, before 1885

Reverend William Busfield (1801–1885) was a Rural Dean with an MA from University College, Oxford, and rector of St Andrews, Keighley, from 1840 to 1871. He brought about his own dismissal for championing Anglicanism too much against Dissenters, and retired to East Cave, Brough.

His medallion portrait by Taylor was exhibited in July 1886 at the Leeds Society of Artists' exhibition, being described by the *Yorkshire Post* as a "clever piece of work." The newspaper thought he had "devoted himself to a great extent to the painting of still life, and in his self-imposed task he \[had\] met with considerable success." The medallion portrait was also exhibited at Leeds City Art Gallery's Spring Exhibition, 1889.

### Relief bust of Gladstone, 1887

In 1881 the Leeds Liberal Club moved from South Parade to the Royal Insurance Buildings (demolished after 1960) in Park Row. In 1887 the interior was renovated to include a rearrangement of rooms, fittings and furnishings, after which the club was reopened on Thursday 9 June. The works included a "happy likeness in a relievo bust" of Gladstone over a fireplace, by Matthew Taylor. The *Leeds Mercury* said: "On one of the mantels was a large bust of Mr Gladstone in low relief by Mr Matthew Taylor, a local sculptor. The likeness of the great statesman is a most happy one, and brings to light an artificer of no small talent." In 1891 the Leeds Liberal Club moved into new premises at 9 Quebec Street, Leeds, but there is no evidence that this carving was re-installed there, so this piece may now be lost.

### Medallion portrait of W. E. Gladstone, before 1889

This basso-relievo portrait of Gladstone was exhibited at Leeds City Art Gallery, in the Spring Exhibition of 1889. This may have been the unknown work which he exhibited at The Leeds Fine Art Gallery exhibition in 1888.

## InfoBox

| Matthew Taylor | |
| --- | --- |
| Self-portrait of Taylor as a youth on the Angler's Tomb, Woodhouse Cemetery | |
| Born | (1837-02-02)2 February 1837
Leeds |
| Died | 9 July 1889(1889-07-09) (aged 52)
St Peter's Cottage, Arthington |
| Resting place | Arthington churchyard |
| Nationality | British |
| Notable work | Angler's Tomb, 1873
Statues, Leeds Sch. Board, 1881 |
| Style | Aesthetic movement
Romanticism
Neoclassicism |
| Spouse | Elizabeth Keith (1842–1934) |
|  | |
| Memorial(s) | Sculpted gravestone in Arthington churchyard |
|  | |


title: Matthew Taylor (musician)

abstract: Matthew Taylor is an American musician and artist. Taylor was a student at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in the late 1980s and early 1990s, there he studied music composition and improvisation under John Corbett. He is a founding member of the Sicilian American indie rock band Bellini. Taylor is also a member of the band Vertical Scratchers. He has performed in the Glenn Branca 100 Guitars symphony, Don Caballero, Girls Against Boys, Paramount Styles, Rhys Chatham's "A Crimson Grail" for 200 guitars and 16 basses performance at Lincoln Center, "A Crimson Grail" for 100 guitars and 8 basses performance at Liverpool Cathedral as part of the 2012 Liverpool Biennial, and "A Secret Rose" for 100 electric guitars in Richmond, California, Oktober People, backing vocals with A Hawk and a Hacksaw and collaborates in the improv Cobra//group and Death Convention Singers with Raven Chacon. Taylor also served as producer and music supervisor for the award-winning documentary Torey's Distraction, whose soundtrack was composed by Jimmy LaValle of The Album Leaf. He has also worked as the art director for the seminal and independent record label Touch and Go Records in the early 1990s, designing album covers for such bands as Slint, the Jesus Lizard, Shellac, Nirvana, Tortoise, Don Caballero, Palace Brothers, Big Black, Laughing Hyenas, Pavement, Didjits, Rodan, Scratch Acid, Big Boys, Negative Approach, Killdozer, and Girls Against Boys. He currently resides in Dallas, Texas, where he is a casting director and owner of Buffalo Casting.

text:
# Matthew Taylor (musician)

**Matthew Taylor** (born 1968, Miami, Florida, United States) is an American musician and artist.

Taylor was a student at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in the late 1980s and early 1990s, there he studied music composition and improvisation under John Corbett.

He is a founding member of the Sicilian American indie rock band Bellini. Taylor is also a member of the band Vertical Scratchers. He has performed in the Glenn Branca 100 Guitars symphony, Don Caballero, Girls Against Boys, Paramount Styles, Rhys Chatham's "A Crimson Grail" for 200 guitars and 16 basses performance at Lincoln Center, "A Crimson Grail" for 100 guitars and 8 basses performance at Liverpool Cathedral as part of the 2012 Liverpool Biennial, and "A Secret Rose" for 100 electric guitars in Richmond, California, Oktober People, backing vocals with A Hawk and a Hacksaw and collaborates in the improv Cobra//group and Death Convention Singers with Raven Chacon.

Taylor also served as producer and music supervisor for the award-winning documentary *Torey's Distraction*, whose soundtrack was composed by Jimmy LaValle of The Album Leaf.

He has also worked as the art director for the seminal and independent record label Touch and Go Records in the early 1990s, designing album covers for such bands as Slint, the Jesus Lizard, Shellac, Nirvana, Tortoise, Don Caballero, Palace Brothers, Big Black, Laughing Hyenas, Pavement, Didjits, Rodan, Scratch Acid, Big Boys, Negative Approach, Killdozer, and Girls Against Boys.

He currently resides in Dallas, Texas, where he is a casting director and owner of Buffalo Casting.


title: Franz Kalchmair

abstract: Franz Kalchmair was an Austrian operatic bass and interpreter of Bach cantatas along with other sacred or clerical music. As an opera singer, he is known for portraying such humorous roles as the pig farmer in Johann Strauss' The Gypsy Baron. Franz Kalchmair was raised in Thalheim bei Wels, the son of a farmer. When he was 10 years old, he was admitted to the St. Florian Boys Choir and trained there to sing professionally. He further developed his bass voice at the Bruckner-Konservatorium in Linz. His first engagements were at the Landestheater Sankt Pölten and the Sommerbühne Baden/Vienna. Although his singing career was interrupted when he was called back to Thalheim bei Wels to manage the family farm, his love of music guided him back to the stage years later. He was a member of the Landestheater Linz Ensemble for over 20 years, and was a guest singer at the Vienna Volksoper under the lead of Fritz Muliar and at the Opera Graz. His many other engagements included Seespiele Mörbisch under the lead of Helmut Lohner, Landestheater Salzburg, Sommerbühne Baden/Vienna, St. Pölten Landestheater, Summer theatre Steyr, and tours through Germany and Denmark. His repertoire includes such lead bass roles as the title role in Falstaff, Kezal, Osmin, Sarastro, Prince Gremin, and Baron Ochs. He was awarded the cultural gold medal for long term activities in Wels and the ring of honor in his home town of Thalheim bei Wels.

text:
# Franz Kalchmair

**Franz Kalchmair** (22 December 1939 – February 2020) was an Austrian operatic bass and interpreter of Bach cantatas along with other sacred or clerical music. As an opera singer, he is known for portraying such humorous roles as the pig farmer in Johann Strauss' *The Gypsy Baron*.

Franz Kalchmair was raised in Thalheim bei Wels, the son of a farmer. When he was 10 years old, he was admitted to the St. Florian Boys Choir and trained there to sing professionally.

He further developed his bass voice at the Bruckner-Konservatorium in Linz. His first engagements were at the Landestheater Sankt Pölten and the Sommerbühne Baden/Vienna. Although his singing career was interrupted when he was called back to Thalheim bei Wels to manage the family farm, his love of music guided him back to the stage years later.

He was a member of the Landestheater Linz Ensemble for over 20 years, and was a guest singer at the Vienna Volksoper under the lead of Fritz Muliar and at the Opera Graz. His many other engagements included Seespiele Mörbisch under the lead of Helmut Lohner, Landestheater Salzburg, Sommerbühne Baden/Vienna, St. Pölten Landestheater, Summer theatre Steyr, and tours through Germany and Denmark.

His repertoire includes such lead bass roles as the title role in Falstaff, Kezal (The Bartered Bride), Osmin (Die Entführung aus dem Serail), Sarastro (The Magic Flute), Prince Gremin (Eugene Onegin), and Baron Ochs (Der Rosenkavalier).

He was awarded the cultural gold medal for long term activities in Wels and the ring of honor in his home town of Thalheim bei Wels.


title: Thomas Harding (writer)

abstract: Thomas Harding is a non-fiction author, journalist, and documentary maker. He holds joint British, American and German citizenship.

text:
# Thomas Harding (writer)

**Thomas Harding** (born 31 August 1968, London) is a non-fiction author, journalist, and documentary maker. He holds joint British, American and German citizenship.

## Career

Harding was educated at Westminster School in London and then studied anthropology and political science at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Alfred Alexander is his great-grandfather. He is the great-nephew of Hanns Alexander. It was only after Alexander's funeral in 2006 that Harding learned of what he had done during the Second World War.

Harding and his wife were joint CEOs and co-founders of the Oxford Channel, a local television channel operating under a Restricted Service Licence. In 2000, the board voted to sell the station and its operating company to Milestone Group. The station is no longer operational.

In December 2006 Harding became co-owner and publisher of the Shepherdstown *Observer* in West Virginia. In 2010 the newspaper won a Freedom of Information Act case before the West Virginia Supreme Court, which resulted in referendum petitions being released to it. While in the US, he helped develop the American Conservation Film Festival (ACFF), in partnership with the National Conservation Training Center.

In 2010 he convinced John Doyle, a delegate in the West Virginia House of Delegates, of the need for a state law protecting reporters' privilege not to reveal their sources; the reporters' shield bill sponsored by Doyle was passed by the West Virginia House and Senate in March 2011. In March 2011 he sold his interest in the paper.

His book *Hanns and Rudolf: The German Jew and the Hunt for the Kommandant of Auschwitz* was released in 2013.

His next book, *Kadian Journal*, was published in 2014; it is about his son, who died in a cycling accident. Doron Weber of the *Washington Post* described it as "a fine, brave book, a tough-minded, tender-hearted evocation of a beautiful boy, his all-too-short life and the impact of his death on a loving family. Harding has done his boy proud and turned nightmare into art." *The House by the Lake*, an account of the five families, including his grandmother, who resided in Alexander Haus, a house in Berlin, was published in 2015.

*Blood on the Page* was published in 2018. It is the investigation of the 2006 murder of the London-based author Allan Chappelow and the man found guilty of the crime Wang Yam. The murder trial was the first in modern British history to be held in secret. Harding's next book was *Legacy* published in 2019. It tells the story of J. Lyons and Co. which was founded and run by the author's family and at one time was the largest catering business in the world.

In 2020, Harding released two books for young readers: *Future History: 2050* with the German publisher Jacoby & Stuart, and a picture-book adaptation of his 2015 *The House by the Lake*.

When Harding discovered that his mother's family had made money from plantations worked by enslaved people, he started research into Britain's role in slavery. This led to him publishing, in 2022, the book *White Debt* on an uprising by enslaved people in Demerara in 1823; the *Guardian* gave the book a positive review.

In 2023, Harding's second picture book was published, *The House on the Canal,* in collaboration with the illustrator Britta Teckentrup. The book focuses on the history of the Anne Frank house.

Also in 2023, Harding's book *The Maverick* was published, a biography about the Austrian-Jewish publisher George Weidenfeld; it received favorable reviews from the *Wall Street Journal* and the *Washington Post*.

## Bibliography

* *Hanns and Rudolf: The German Jew and the Hunt for the Kommandant of Auschwitz* (London: Penguin Random House, 2013)
* *Kadian Journal - A Father’s Story* (Random House, 2014)
* *The House By The Lake: Berlin. One House. Five Families. A Hundred years of History* (Random House, 2015)
* *Blood On The Page: A Murder, a Secret Trial, a Search for the Truth* (Random House, 2018)
* *Legacy: One Family, a Cup of Tea, and the Company who took on the World* (Random House, 2019)
* *The House By The Lake* \- picture book (Walker Books, 2020)
* *Future History: 2050* (Jacoby & Stuart, 2020)
* *White Debt: The Demerara Uprising and Britain’s Legacy of Slavery* (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2022)
* *The House On The Canal* \- picture book (Jacoby & Stuart, 2023)
* *The Maverick: George Weidenfeld and the Golden Age of Publishing* (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2023)

## InfoBox

| Thomas Harding | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1968 |
| Alma mater | Corpus Christi College, Cambridge |
| Occupation(s) | Author and journalist |
| **Writing career** | |
| Genre | Non-fiction |
|  | |


title: Frank Richter (footballer)

abstract: Frank Richter is a German former footballer.

text:
# Frank Richter (footballer)

**Frank Richter** (born January 5, 1952) is a German former footballer.

## Club career

The forward played more than 130 East German top-flight matches.

## International career

Richter's seven full international were mostly played against Latin American opposition.

## InfoBox

Frank Richter
| Richter with Dynamo Dresden in 1980 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1952-01-05) January 5, 1952 | | |
| Place of birth | Kamenz, East Germany | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 0000–1968 | Einheit Kamenz | | |
| 1968–1969 | Dynamo Dresden | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1969–1981 | Dynamo Dresden | 127 | (20) |
| 1981–1982 | Stahl Riesa | 6 | (0) |
| Total |  | **133** | **(20)** |
| International career | | | |
| 1971–1973 | East Germany | 7 | (1) |
| Managerial career | | | |
|  | Meißner SV 08 | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |