title: Jordan Bridges (politician)

abstract: Jordan Ray Bridges is an American politician who has served as a Delegate from the 24th District to the West Virginia House of Delegates since 2020. He is a Republican.

text:
# Jordan Bridges (politician)

**Jordan Ray Bridges** (born March 28, 1988) is an American politician who has served as a Delegate from the 24th District to the West Virginia House of Delegates since 2020. He is a Republican.

## Early life, education, and career

Bridges was born in Logan, West Virginia to Bobby and Jackie Bridges. He attended the Southern West Virginia Community and Technical College. He was employed in the coal industry before assuming office.

## Elections

### 2018

Bridges first ran for office in 2018, but was ultimately unsuccessful. Bridges was one of two Republicans to receive his party's nomination in the primary, receiving 44.27% of the vote. In the four-way, elect-two general election, Bridges, as well as his fellow Republican, were defeated by Democrats Tim Tomblin and Ralph Rodighiero. Bridges received 22.82% of the vote.

### 2020

Bridges ran again in 2020. During his campaign, Bridges supported investment in infrastructure, limited regulations on business, and less taxation.

In his primary, Bridges was nominated alongside Margitta Mazzocchi with 60.37% of the vote.

In the general, Bridges defeated Tomblin and another Democrat with 29.24% of the vote.

## Tenure

### Committee assignments

* Agriculture and Natural Resources
* Education
* Energy and Manufacturing
* Workforce Development

### Coal

As a former coal miner, Bridges joined an unofficial bipartisan workgroup designed to aid the recovery of communities reliant on the failing coal industry.

### Transgender rights

Bridges was a cosponsor of House Bill 3293, a bill that would prohibit transgender athletes from competing on sports teams that align with their gender identity. After announcing that he would cosponsor the bill on his Facebook page, Bridges liked a number of posts which encouraged violence against the transgender community, compared transgender people to pigs, and used the derogatory term, "tranny." The bill was cited in a June 2020 statement by the Department of Justice, which argued that the bill violated federal law, the Fourteenth Amendment, and Title IX.

### Worker's rights

Bridges voted against SB 11, a bill that would make it more difficult for employees to strike.

## Personal life

Bridges is married to Erica Bridges and has two children. He is a Christian.

## InfoBox

| Jordan Bridges | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the West Virginia House of Delegates
from the 24th district | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
2020Serving with Margitta Mazzocchi | |
| Preceded by | Tim Tomblin |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Jordan Ray Bridges
(1988-03-28) March 28, 1988
Logan, West Virginia |
| Political party | Republican |
| Education | Southern West Virginia Community and Technical College |
|  | |


title: Meredith Yeager

abstract: Stella Meredith Yeager is an American geneticist who specializes in cancer genomics. She was the scientific director of the cancer genomics research laboratory at the National Cancer Institute. Yeager is an assistant professor of biology at Hood College.

text:
# Meredith Yeager

**Stella Meredith Yeager** is an American geneticist who specializes in cancer genomics. She was the scientific director of the cancer genomics research laboratory at the National Cancer Institute. Yeager is an assistant professor of biology at Hood College.

## Life

Yeager completed a B.S. at Radford University. She earned an M.S. at Hood College. She completed a Ph.D. at the Pennsylvania State University. Her 1998 dissertation was titled, *Peptide binding function and MHC evolution*.

At its founding in 2001, Yeager was part of the scientific and operations management team of Core Genotyping Facility at the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The team included director Stephen Chanock, deputy director Robert A. Welch, and director of operations Amy A. Hutchinson. By 2015, Yeager was the scientific director of the NCI cancer genomics research laboratory. In 2018, she was part of the HPV genomics team awarded a NCI director award for innovative development of novel HPV assays.

In 2019, Yeager presented an overview of genetic and genomic laboratory tools and approaches as part of the NCI radiation epidemiology and dosimetry course. In 2020, Yeager, in the Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory at the National Cancer Institute, conducted a genetic study to determine how different African groups contributed to the genetic structure of Caribbean, as well as, North, Central, and South American populations.

Yeager is a member of the graduate faculty at Hood College. She is an assistant professor of biology and program director of biomedical science.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Institutes of Health.

## InfoBox

| Meredith Yeager | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Stella Meredith Yeager |
| Alma mater | Radford University
Hood College
Pennsylvania State University |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Cancer genomics |
| Institutions | National Cancer Institute
Hood College |
|  | |


title: Gießenbach (Kieferbach)

abstract: Gießenbach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Kieferbach west of Kiefersfelden.

text:
# Gießenbach (Kieferbach)

**Gießenbach** is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Kieferbach west of Kiefersfelden.

## InfoBox

| Gießenbach | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Germany |
| States | Bavaria |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth |  |
| location | Kieferbach |
| coordinates | 47°36′43″N 12°08′48″E / 47.61194°N 12.14667°E / 47.61194; 12.14667 |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | KieferbachInnDanubeBlack Sea |


title: Gimson and Company

abstract: Gimson and Company were founded in 1840 by Josiah and Benjamin Gimson on Welford Road in Leicester. The company were listed as Engineers, Ironfounders, Boiler Makers & General Machinists. They later moved to Vulcan Works, Vulcan Road, Humberstone Road, Leicester.

text:
# Gimson and Company

**Gimson and Company** were founded in 1840 by Josiah and Benjamin Gimson on Welford Road in Leicester. The company were listed as Engineers, Ironfounders, Boiler Makers & General Machinists. They later moved to Vulcan Works, Vulcan Road, Humberstone Road, Leicester.

## Expansion

Between 1876 and 1878 a new works, Vulcan Foundry, was developed beside the Midland Railway mainline. The site covered three and a half acres, the foundry shop was 180 ft by 62 ft. It had a workforce of 350 men and all lifting was done with steam hoists and travelling cranes.

## Boot and shoe machinery

Gimson became a major manufacturer of machinery for the footwear industry. The company sold its subsidiary the **Gimson Shoe Machinery Company** to the British United Shoe Machinery Company in 1930.

## Products

Stationary steam engines, passenger and goods lifts, boot and shoe machinery, agricultural machinery.

## Preserved steam engines

Woolf compound rotative beam pumping engines;

Single-cylinder condensing rotative beam pumping engines of 1879;

Horizontal single cylinder;

Wall-mounted vertical single cylinder lift engine;

* One at Abbey Pumping Station, Leicester


title: Gilbert Okari

abstract: Gilbert Okari is a retired Kenyan professional long-distance runner. He competed at the professional level in distances 5k through Marathon. Okari has won 26 major races and earned over US$280,000 in prize money.

text:
# Gilbert Okari

**Gilbert Okari** is a retired Kenyan professional long-distance runner. He competed at the professional level in distances 5k through Marathon. Okari has won 26 major races and earned over US$280,000 in prize money.

## Professional career

Throughout his career, Okari competed at dozens of major track and road racing events. He has won races including the Ajc Peachtree Road Race, Beach to Beacon 10k, World's Best 10k, Lilac Bloomsday Run and Bay to Breakers. Okari has also represented Kenya in international competition.

### Competition record

Kenyan National Competition
| Date | Event | Distance | Venue | Time | Place |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 07 Feb 2003 | Inter-Provincial Kenya Police Cross Country Champs | 4 km | Nairobi | 12:32 | 5th |
| 29 May 2004 | Kenya Police Championships | 5 km | Nairobi | 14:17.7 | 4th |
| 30 May 2002 | Kenya Police Inter-Provincial Championships | 10 km | Nairobi | 28:44.2 | 2nd |
| 31 May 2002 | Kenya Police Inter-Provincial Championships | 5 km | Nairobi | 14:06.1 | 3rd |
| 02 Jul 2003 | Kenya Police Inter-Provincial Championships | 10 km | Nairobi | 28:52.2 | 1st |
| 21 May 2005 | Kenya Police National Athletics Championships | 10 km | Kasarani | 29:22.0 | 2nd |
| 12 Jul 2003 | Kenyan Championships | 10 km | Nairobi | 28:31.8 | 4th |
| 22 Jun 2002 | Kenyan Championships | 10 km | Nairobi | 28:06.62 | 7th |
| 16 Jun 2005 | Kenyan Championships | 10 km | Nairobi | 28:11.0 | 3rd |
| 17 Jun 2006 | Kenyan Police Championships | 10 km | Nairobi | 28:43.8 | 2nd |
| 29 Jan 2006 | Kenyan Police Cross Country Championships | 12 km | Nairobi | 39:00 | 6th |
| 25 Jul 2003 | Kenyan World Championships Trials | 10 km | Nairobi | 28:15.8 | 3rd |

International Competition **Representing Kenya**
| Date | Event | Distance | Venue | Time | Place |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 12 Oct 2003 | All-Africa Games | 10 km | Abuja NGR | 28:04.88 | 7th |
| 01 Oct 2005 | IAAF World Championships | Half Marathon | Edmonton AB, CAN | 1:04:17 | 25th |

## InfoBox

Gilbert Okari
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | July 2, 1978
Kenya |
| Sport | |
| Country | Kenya |
| Event(s) | 10 km, 5 km, Half Marathon |
| Achievements and titles | |
| Personal best(s) | **5000 m**: 13:55.0
**5k road**: 13:28
**10000 m**: 27:40.9
**10k road**: 27:28
**Half Marathon**: 1:01.26

**Marathon** : 2:23:02
 |


title: Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo

abstract: Gilberto Arminio de Almeida Rêgo was a Brazilian football referee. He officiated several games at the 1930 FIFA World Cup. Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo became the first referee from Brazil to whistle in a World Cup match. He refereed in 3 matches at the Montevideo tournament in 1930: Argentina 1-0 France, July 15; Uruguay 4-0 Romania, July 21; Uruguay 6-1 Yugoslavia, July 27, semi-final. In two matches at the tournament, he was with the flag: France 4-1 Mexico, July 13, opening match; Chile 1-0 France, July 19. Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo was a member of the Comissão Técnica of the Brazil national team at the 1930 World Cup. In Montevideo, the Brazilian delegation included Gilberto's younger brother, football player Alfredo de Almeida Rêgo or Doca. But he was not included in the official squad's list of the 22-player for tournament. Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo, his brother Alfredo de Almeida Rêgo, and their other brother Ary de Almeida Rêgo played on the São Cristóvão basketball team. And two years in a row the brothers became Carioca basketball champions, in 1929 and 1930.

text:
# Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo

**Gilberto Arminio de Almeida Rêgo** (November 28, 1895  March 4, 1970) was a Brazilian football referee. He officiated several games at the 1930 FIFA World Cup.

Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo became the first referee from Brazil to whistle in a World Cup match. He refereed in 3 matches at the Montevideo tournament in 1930:

Argentina 1-0 France, July 15;

Uruguay 4-0 Romania, July 21;

Uruguay 6-1 Yugoslavia, July 27, semi-final.

In two matches at the tournament, he was with the flag:

France 4-1 Mexico, July 13, opening match;

Chile 1-0 France, July 19.

Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo was a member of the Comissão Técnica of the Brazil national team at the 1930 World Cup.

In Montevideo, the Brazilian delegation included Gilberto's younger brother, football player Alfredo de Almeida Rêgo or Doca. But he was not included in the official squad's list of the 22-player for tournament.

Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo, his brother Alfredo de Almeida Rêgo (1905 - 1988), and their other brother Ary de Almeida Rêgo played on the São Cristóvão basketball team. And two years in a row the brothers became Carioca basketball champions, in 1929 and 1930.

1. Koloskov S. Close relatives at the World Cups. Brazilian brothers buried their father on the eve of the 1930 World Cup. And today it is difficult to find the correct dates for their lives (in Russian).

## InfoBox

Gilberto de Almeida Rêgo
|  | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Gilberto Arminio de Almeida Rêgo | | |
| Born | (1895-11-28)28 November 1895
Sant'Ana do Livramento, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil | | |
| Died | 4 March 1970(1970-03-04) (aged 74)
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | | |


title: Gilbert de Magminot

abstract: Gilbert Maminot, or Magminot,, was a Norman bishop in the eleventh century. He was born of 'a substantial Norman family of the middle rank', in Courbépine, his father being the knight Robert of Courbépine. He was known to his contemporaries as a capable administrator, and, according to Marjorie Chibnall, he was more than a match for Robert Curthose, who had succeeded his father, William the Conqueror, to the title of Duke of Normandy. Prior to his ascension to the see of Lisieux, Maminot had been the personal physician and chaplain to William the Conqueror.

text:
# Gilbert de Magminot

Gilbert Maminot, or Magminot, (d. August, 1101), was a Norman bishop in the eleventh century. He was born of 'a substantial Norman family of the middle rank', in Courbépine, his father being the knight Robert of Courbépine. He was known to his contemporaries as a capable administrator, and, according to Marjorie Chibnall, he was more than a match for Robert Curthose, who had succeeded his father, William the Conqueror, to the title of Duke of Normandy. Prior to his ascension to the see of Lisieux, Maminot had been the personal physician and chaplain to William the Conqueror.

## Bishop of Lisieux

Upon the death of Hugh of Eu in 1077, Gilbert was elected as his successor and was anointed by Michael, the bishop of Avranches in the presence of John, the Archbishop of Rouen. Maminot was known to be 'a man of great learning and some medical skill, just and firm…but merciful’ and a capable administrator, although he was more notorious, according to Marjorie Chibnall, for his failings; ‘worldliness, obstinacy, and self-indulgence’. Orderic Vitalis wrote that while Maminot was a man of ‘great learning and eloquence…\[he\] was a slave to his own desires…\[and\] a great lover of leisure…’ While he was bishop, Maminot encouraged the expansion of an intellectual circle at Lisieux that had been first encouraged by his predecessor. In the *Historia Ecclesiastica*, Orderic Vitalis wrote that Maminot was ‘very skilled in many subjects, and had long made a habit of watching the stars each night…\[he was\] a learned astronomer.' Orderic goes on to explain that, on the 4th of April, in 1095, there was ‘a great shower of stars thick enough to have passed for hail’, that Gilbert observed, and that the bishop noted that:

> “In my opinion this means the migration of peoples from one kingdom to another. For many will set out and never return until the stars return to their own orbits, from which now, as we see plainly, they are failing. Others indeed will remain in the high, holy place, like stars shining in the firmament."

Orderic suggests that this prophecy was related to the First Crusade, which Pope Urban II would proclaim later that same year.

As bishop of Lisieux, and having been the king's former personal physician, Maminot was present at the death of William the Conqueror in 1087, at the priory of Saint-Gervaise, and gave the funerary sermon at the monastery of Saint Stephen where the Conqueror was interred.

On the 15th of March, 1091 he ordained Orderic Vitalis as a subdeacon of the cathedral of Lisieux. In 1096 Gilbert was recorded as an attendee at the Synod of Rouen, where the decrees of the Council of Claremont were proclaimed; this council was also responsible for reiterating the enforcement of the Peace of God, amongst other decrees. In 1099, Maminot is known to have visited the abbey of Saint-Évroul, where he aided in a ceremony to dedicate the abbey's new church building, consecrating the high altar. This ceremony could only take place after the intervention of William II, as Gilbert had refused to bless either abbot-elect Serlo or abbot-elect Roger of Le Sap as Norman custom demanded; instead, Maminot had insisted on receiving a written oath of obedience (an English custom) from the abbots-elect, a task both refused to perform.

Upon his death in 1101, Gilbert was succeeded to the bishopric of Lisieux by Fulcher, the illiterate brother of Ranulf Flambard, and then, upon Fulcher's death, by Ranulf's son Thomas, who was only twelve years of age, leading to major controversy.

## The Defence of Dover Castle

William the Conqueror granted the Manor of Deptford or West Greenwich to **Gilbert Magminot** or Maminot, bishop of Lisieux, one of the eight barons associated with John de Fiennes for the defence of Dover Castle. These eight barons had to provide between them 112 soldiers, 25 of whom were always to be on duty within the castle, and the rest to be ready for any emergency. Gilbert de Maminot's share of the lands amounted to 24 knight's fees as follows: two in Pevington, two in Eastwell, two in Davington, one in Cocklescombe, three in Thornden, three in Waldershare, two in Kennington, two in Cowdham, one in Billingham, one in Hartwell, one of Hugh Cheriton, one of Ralph Rovery, two of Roger Barham and one of Simon Wellard, which together made up the barony of Maminot, held at Deptford as the head of the barony.

In 1814 John Lyon wrote that Maminot built a castle, or castellated mansion, for himself at Deptford, of which all traces had by then long since been buried in their ruins, but from the remains of some ancient foundations which had been discovered the site was probably on the brow of Broomfield, near the Mast Dock and adjacent to Sayes Court.

There is little known about de Magminot after he was appointed Marshal of Dover Castle. He was said to have had a son, Hugh, from whom Walkelin Maminot, who held Dover Castle against the Empress Maud was descended.

## Further reading


title: Gigolo Wannabe

abstract: Waters Gigolo Wannabe is a comedy genre film, released March 11, 2006. It was directed by Ryō Nishimura, edited by Mototaka Kusakabe, sound recording by Iwakura Masayuki, music by Nakamura Jin "Boys♥Girls" by Kumi Koda, produced by Seiji Yagi and Yu Hirose, written by Okada Shunpei and Shiraishi Takurou; and starred Shun Oguri, Toshinobu Matsuo, Suga Takamasa, Hiroyuki Hirayama, Ryoji Morimoto, Yusuke Kirishima, Shingo Katsurayama, and Hitomi Manaka, and Riko Narumi.

text:
# Gigolo Wannabe

**Gigolo Wannabe** (also known as ***Waters*** (ウォーターズ)) is a comedy genre film, released March 11, 2006. It was directed by Ryō Nishimura, edited by Mototaka Kusakabe, sound recording by Iwakura Masayuki, music by Nakamura Jin "Boys♥Girls" by Kumi Koda, produced by Seiji Yagi and Yu Hirose, written by Okada Shunpei and Shiraishi Takurou; and starred Shun Oguri, Toshinobu Matsuo, Suga Takamasa, Hiroyuki Hirayama, Ryoji Morimoto, Yusuke Kirishima, Shingo Katsurayama, and Hitomi Manaka, and Riko Narumi.

## Summary

Waters is about seven young men who are desperate for quick money arrive at a desolate seaside bar, called Dog Days, to audition as "hosts". This is the highly popular occupation of entertaining female patrons with smooth talk and a soothing smile while offering them drinks at "host clubs". Although their previous jobs varied from street performer to ex-banker, they are all happy to get this dream job so easily, until they discover that the 'manager' has run off with their deposits! Upon seeing them so discouraged, the sympathetic bar owner offers his place for them to open up a host club by themselves. With the help of his granddaughter, Chika(who has a heart disorder),and despite the combination of their initial confusion, personal problems and a typhoon that almost blew the place down, they gradually find the true meaning of friendship, trust and love.

## InfoBox

| Gigolo Wannabe | |
| --- | --- |
| ウォーターズ | |
| Directed by | Ryō Nishimura |
| Screenplay by | Shunpei Okada |
| Produced by | * Seiji Yagi * Yu Hirose |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Naoki Kayano |
| Edited by | Mototaka Kusakabe |
| Music by | Jin Nakamura |
| Distributed by | Gaga Communications |
| Release date | * March 11, 2006 (2006-03-11) |
| Running time | 107 minutes |
| Country | Japan |
| Language | Japanese |


title: Umguza Solar Power Station

abstract: The Umguza Solar Power Station is a proposed 200 MW solar power plant in Zimbabwe. The project which will be developed in phases, will see 50 megawatts developed in the first phase. The rest of the project is expected to follow after about three years. The power station is under development by AF Power Private Limited, an independent power producer (IPP), based in Singapore.

text:
# Umguza Solar Power Station

The **Umguza Solar Power Station** is a proposed 200 MW solar power plant in Zimbabwe. The project which will be developed in phases, will see 50 megawatts developed in the first phase. The rest of the project is expected to follow after about three years. The power station is under development by *AF Power Private Limited*, an independent power producer (IPP), based in Singapore.

## Location

The power station would be located in Umguza District, in Matabeleland North Province, outside the city of Bulawayo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe.

## Overview

Umguza Solar Power Station is designed to have capacity of 200 megawatts. Its output is expected to be sold directly to the Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority (ZESA). The long-term power purchase agreement (PPA) governing that transaction had not been signed yet, but was anticipated, as of August 2021.

## Developers

The power station is being developed by a Singapore-based group AF Power Private Limited, that is active in Africa, Asia and South America, in the areas of renewable energy, oil and gas, agriculture, and mining. The IPP is collaborating with the *Zimbabwe Investment & Development Agency* (ZIDA), and the *Singapore Cooperation Enterprise* (SCE).

## Timeline

According to public statements by the IPP and the government of Zimbabwe, construction for the first phase of 50 megawatts is expected to start in the second half of 2021 and conclude in less than 12 months. Other phases are expected to follow the first phase.

## InfoBox

| Umguza Solar Power Station | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Country | Zimbabwe |
| Location | Umguza District, Matabeleland North |
| Coordinates | 20°00′24″S 28°11′38″E / 20.00667°S 28.19389°E / -20.00667; 28.19389 |
| Status | Proposed |
| Construction began | 2021 (Expected) |
| Commission date | 2022 (Expected) |
| Owners | AF Power Private Limited |
| Solar farm | |
| Type | Flat-panel PV |
| Power generation | |
| Nameplate capacity | 200 MW |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


abstract: This Is the Second Album of a Band Called Adebisi Shank is the second studio album by Irish math rock band Adebisi Shank. It was released on 20 August 2010 through Richter Collective.

text:
# This Is the Second Album of a Band Called Adebisi Shank

**This Is the Second Album of a Band Called Adebisi Shank** is the second studio album by Irish math rock band Adebisi Shank. It was released on 20 August 2010 through *Richter Collective*.

## Composition

The album was seen as having a more cohesive development over their previous album. The band has stated that the first album's tracks were written by individual members and then the product was finished by the group, whereas the second album was written by the three of them collaboratively. With the band describing the whole writing process as "a lot more cohesive and diverse and fun." The album features guest appearances from Conor O'Brien of Villagers and Richie Egan of Jape.

## Title and packaging

The album art is seen as depicting two zebras with a "Tron-style neon landscape" which is seen as aptly describing the feeling behind the album itself. The track titled "(-\_-)" is named after the Japanese emoticon that translates to "meh".

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Absolute Punk | (89%) |
| Allmusic |  |
| Alter The Press |  |
| Oklahoma Gazette | (Favourable) |
| Pop Matters | (8/10) |
| Sputnikmusic |  |
| *This Is Book's Music* | (Favourable) |

## Accolades

**Choice Music Prize**

| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | *This is the Second Album of a band called Adebisi Shank* | Irish Album of the Year 2010 | Nominated |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Larry Kaye, Vinny McCreith and Mick Roe

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "International Dreambeat" | 3:51 |
| 2. | "Masa" | 3:45 |
| 3. | "Genki Shank" | 4:47 |
| 4. | "Micromachines" | 3:37 |
| 5. | "(-\_-)" | 2:04 |
| 6. | "Logdrum" | 6:05 |
| 7. | "Bones" | 2:53 |
| 8. | "Frunk" | 3:06 |
| 9. | "Europa" | 3:57 |
| 10. | "Century City" | 5:05 |
| Total length: | | 39:05 |

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Irish Albums Chart (IRMA) | 53 |
|

## InfoBox

| This Is the Second Album of a Band Called Adebisi Shank | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Adebisi Shank | |
| Released | 20 August 2010 |
| Genre | Math rock |
| Length | 39:05 |
| Label | Richter Collective |
| Adebisi Shank chronology | |
| *This Is the Album of a Band Called Adebisi Shank*
(2008) ***This Is the Second Album of a Band Called Adebisi Shank***
(2010) *This Is the Third Album of a Band Called Adebisi Shank*
(2014) | |


title: Jan Huitema

abstract: Jan Huitema is a Dutch politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from the Netherlands between July 2014 and July 2024. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, part of Renew Europe.

text:
# Jan Huitema

**Jan Huitema** (born 5 July 1984) is a Dutch politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from the Netherlands between July 2014 and July 2024. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, part of Renew Europe.

## Early life and education

Huitema was born as the son of a farmer in Heerenveen. He went to high school in Sneek. Huitema obtained a bachelor's degree in Animal Sciences at Wageningen University and followed this up with a master's degree in Animal Production Systems at the same university in 2008.

## Career

Huitema started working as a policy employee for Dutch member of the European Parliament (MEP) Jan Mulder in 2008 and worked for him until 2009. He worked a further three years in the same position for Holger Krahmer, a German Free Democratic Party MEP. In 2012 he decided to return to the family farm.

Together with his father Huitema owns a dairy farm with 130 cows based in Makkinga. He was placed sixth on the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy's list of candidates for the 2014 European Parliament elections. Huitema stated that while working for MEPs he saw numerous reports, opinions and proposals which looked great in theory but were in practice infeasible, specifically targeting new parts of the Common Agricultural Policy. He campaigned the country by touring with a 1954 Fordson Dexta tractor. His slogan for entering the European Parliament was: "Brussels could use some farmers wisdom".

### Member of the European Parliament, 2014–2024

Huitema received 25,798 votes and on the basis of those preferential votes he managed to obtain the third place among the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy candidates and was thereby elected. After his election he stated it was his intention to return to the family farm every weekend to see what is going on in the Netherlands as not to lose touch with the country.

During his first term from 2014 until 2019, Huitema was a member of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development (AGRI) and the Delegation for relations with Canada. He was the first Dutch MEP in five years on the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development; on the committee, he has served as rapporteur on fertiliser products and water reuse (2018) as well as on CO2 emission performance standards for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles (2021). During his first term Huitema worked on a change in the definition of animal manure and prevention of the patenting of plant-properties. In 2019, Huitema joined the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety.

In addition to his committee assignments, Huitema serves as a member of the Parliament's delegation for relations with the United States. He is also part of the European Parliament Intergroup on Biodiversity, Countryside, Hunting and Recreational Fisheries the European Parliament Intergroup on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, and the European Parliament Intergroup on LGBT Rights.

Huitema was re-elected in the European Parliament elections of 2019. He was not on the ballot in June 2024, and his membership of the body ended on 15 July 2024.

## Political positions

In an interview with a Nederlandse Omroep Stichting reporter Huitema stated he would not only represent the interest of farmers, but will also focus on entrepreneurship and regional interests.

As one of the policy problems of the European Union he gave the example of the manure policy which does not take national differences into consideration. In November 2014, Huitema together with fellow Dutch MEP Annie Schreijer-Pierik, was critical of the Natura 2000 policy. They stated that farmers in nature reserves near border regions were especially and unfairly affected by the national implications of the European Natura 2000 policy. Huitema argued for a fundamental discussion on the Natura 2000 policy.

Huitema has argued for the immediate closure of battery cages in the European Union. These have been illegal in the European Union since 2012, but some still exist. Huitema argued that these are damaging the Dutch poultry industry as Dutch farms already have invested in more animal friendly cages.

## InfoBox

| Jan HuitemaMEP | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the European Parliament | |
| **In office**
1 July 2014  15 July 2024 | |
| Constituency | Netherlands |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1984-07-05) 5 July 1984
Heerenveen, Netherlands |
| Political party | People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe |
| Alma mater | Wageningen University |
|  | |


title: Glyn Garner

abstract: Glyn Garner is a Welsh former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He made one appearance for the Wales national team in 2006.

text:
# Glyn Garner

**Glyn Garner** (born 9 December 1976) is a Welsh former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He made one appearance for the Wales national team in 2006.

## Club career

Born in Pontypool, Garner started his career at Cwmbran Town before moving to Llanelli.

In 2000, he joined Bury for £5000, where he played over 140 games over five seasons. He turned down a new contract with Bury and joined east London side Leyton Orient in May 2005 on a two-year contract. Manager Martin Ling described him as "a big, commanding goalkeeper who is widely rated as one of the best in the lower divisions." He went on to make nearly 100 appearances for Orient. A particular highlight came when Orient knocked Premier League club Fulham out of the 2005-06 FA Cup, a game in which Garner saved a penalty from Collins John to help his side progress.

In May 2007, Garner turned down an extended contract at Leyton Orient to join League Two side Shrewsbury Town as their first choice goalkeeper. However, injuries led to Garner falling down the pecking order and having not played for the first team since November 2008, he left the club in January 2010 after reaching a financial agreement over the rest of his contract. He joined Grays Athletic in February 2010 on a free transfer. Garner was released at the end of the 2009–10 season, and subsequently joined Newport County on 15 July 2010. In May 2011 he signed for Bath City. After making a total of 57 appearances Garner left Bath in January 2013.

He then signed for Southern League South & West Division side Cirencester Town. He made his debut for the club on 12 January 2013 in a 2–2 draw against Cinderford Town. After ending the 2012–13 season with Cirencester he agreed to remain at the club for the 2013–14 campaign. He left Cirencester Town in January 2016 after 151 appearances (including 51 clean sheets) citing the travel involved as his reason. His final game was a 3 nil victory against Stratford Town. He helped the club to promotion as Southern League South & West Division champions and in May 2014 was named Supporters Player of the Year at the Gloucestershire club.

In January 2016, Garner left Cirencester to sign for Merthyr Town. He returned to Cirencester in 2017 on loan, before departing Merthyr at the end of the 2016–17 season.

In August 2017, Garner joined Goytre.

He then played for Croesyceiliog.

Garner played for Taff's Well for the 2018–19 season.

## International career

Garner has been selected in the Wales national team on two occasions and won an international cap against Trinidad and Tobago in May 2006.

## Personal life

Garner holds a BA Honours in Sports and Leisure Management, having graduated from Swansea Metropolitan University in 1999. He was brought up in Pontypool's neighbouring town of Cwmbran. Garner's idol is Neville Southall and he supports Everton because of this. His move to Newport County in 2010 was also a personal one for Garner, having attended County matches as a supporter at Somerton Park in his early years.

## Honours

**Cirencester Town**

**Individual**

## InfoBox

Glyn Garner
| Garner in 2008 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1976-12-09) 9 December 1976 | | |
| Place of birth | Pontypool, Wales | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1996–1997 | Cwmbran Town | 2 | (0) |
| 1999–2000 | Llanelli | 28 | (0) |
| 2000–2005 | Bury | 126 | (0) |
| 2005–2007 | Leyton Orient | 86 | (0) |
| 2007–2010 | Shrewsbury Town | 45 | (0) |
| 2010 | Grays Athletic | 12 | (0) |
| 2010–2011 | Newport County | 9 | (0) |
| 2011–2013 | Bath City | 49 | (0) |
| 2013–2016 | Cirencester Town | 128 | (0) |
| 2016–2017 | Merthyr Town |  |  |
| 2017 | Cirencester Town (loan) | 15 | (0) |
| 2017 | Goytre |  |  |
| 2017–2018 | Croesyceiliog |  |  |
| 2018–2020 | Taff's Well |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 2006 | Wales | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Herbert Belyea

abstract: Warren Herbert Belyea was a Canadian composer, choir conductor, poet, and music educator. As a composer he was commissioned to write works by the Manitoba Arts Council, the city of Winnipeg, and several choirs. Several of his compositions have been published by Frederick Harris Music. As a poet, he has published works using the pseudonym A.C. Darke.

text:
# Herbert Belyea

**Warren Herbert Belyea** (22 December 1917 – 4 August 2001) was a Canadian composer, choir conductor, poet, and music educator. As a composer he was commissioned to write works by the Manitoba Arts Council, the city of Winnipeg, and several choirs. Several of his compositions have been published by Frederick Harris Music. As a poet, he has published works using the pseudonym **A.C. Darke**.

## Life and career

Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Belyea earned a Bachelor of Arts from St. John's College, University of Manitoba in 1948, a Bachelor of Education from the University of Manitoba (UM) in 1953, and a Master of Education from the UM in 1961. He studied singing and conducting privately with W.H. Anderson. He began his career serving overseas in the Canadian Army before serving as choirmaster at St Jude's Anglican Church in Winnipeg from 1952 to 1966. He later served in that same capacity at St Andrew's United Church during the 1970s. He joined the Education faculty at the University of Manitoba in 1967 where he taught for many years.

In 1969 Belyea became conductor of The Choristers after the death of conductor Filmer Hubble. He conducted the group until it disbanded in 1974, notably leading them in several performances broadcast nationally on CBC Radio. He also served as an adjudicator and clinician throughout Canada and in 1984 he was named a life member of the Manitoba Music Educators Association.


title: Vailele

abstract: Vailele is a village situated on the central north coast of Upolu island in Samoa. It’s not to be confused with the far bigger Vaitele. Vailele is in the electoral constituency of Vaimauga East in the larger political district of Tuamasaga. The village is less than ten minutes east of the country's capital, Apia. The settlement is north facing and situated in Vailele Bay.

text:
# Vailele

**Vailele** is a village situated on the central north coast of Upolu island in Samoa. It’s not to be confused with the far bigger Vaitele.

Vailele is in the electoral constituency (*faipule district*) of Vaimauga East in the larger political district of Tuamasaga.

The village is less than ten minutes east of the country's capital, Apia. The settlement is north facing and situated in Vailele Bay.

## Historical

In the 1800s, the large Vailele Plantation inland was owned by the German company Deutsche Handels und Plantagen Gesellschaft (DHPG) which employed workers from the Melanesian islands. DHPG was a major plantation owner in Samoa. It had formerly traded in the Pacific as Godeffroys but changed its name and expanded operations in Samoa when the family's parent company in Hamburg became bankrupt. Much of the village land lost during colonialism is now owned by the government operated Western Samoa Trust Estate Corporation (WSTEC). Financial difficulties by WSTEC in the late 1970s and early 1980s resulted in the sale of land in Vailele. However, the government returned some of the land to villagers in Vailele and neighbouring villages Lauli'i and Letogo.

## Archaeology

Archaeological field work in Samoa uncovered earth mounds at Vailele, including a large mound Laupule, associated with a figure called Tupuivao in oral history and another mound Tapuitea (*evening star*).

The studies of the mounds during the early 1940s were carried out by New Zealand anthropologist Derek Freeman (referred to as J.D. Freeman in literature) who was a schoolteacher in Samoa from April 1940 to November 1943. Freeman also excavated the Falemauga Caves in Upolu's interior. Plainware pottery sherds were found in 1957 by archaeologist Jack Golson.

## Notable people

1. "Population and Housing Census Report 2006" (PDF). *Samoa Bureau of Statistics*. July 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
2. Plantation workers: resistance and accommodation by Brij V. Lal, Doug Munro, Edward D. Beecher, p. 114. Retrieved 2 November 2009
3. *Changing perception of land: Samoa 2000* by Peggy Fairbairn-Dunlop, Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment, Samoa Government. Retrieved 2 November 2009
4. Lagaga: a short history of Western Samoa by Malama Meleisea and Penelope Schoeffel Meleisea, p. 20. Retrieved 2 November 2009
5. Hempenstall, Peter (2004). "Our Missionaries and Cultural Change in Samoa". *The Journal of Pacific History*. Vol. 39, No.2. **39** (2): 241–250. doi:10.1080/0022334042000250760. JSTOR 25169695. S2CID 219626943.
6. "Samoa win Hong Kong Sevens". *Times LIVE*. 28 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010.

## InfoBox

| Vailele | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Vailele | |
| Coordinates: 13°50′56″S 171°43′37″W / 13.84889°S 171.72694°W / -13.84889; -171.72694 | |
| Country | Samoa |
| District | Tuamasaga |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 2,869 |
| Time zone | +13 |


abstract: The 56th district of the Texas House of Representatives contains the western portion of McLennan County, and a portion of Waco. The current representative is Charles Anderson, who was first elected in 2004.

text:
# Texas's 56th House of Representatives district

The **56th district** of the **Texas House of Representatives** contains the western portion of McLennan County, and a portion of Waco. The current representative is Charles Anderson, who was first elected in 2004.

## InfoBox

| Texas's 56th State
House of Representatives
district | |
| --- | --- |
| --- | |
|  | |
| Representative | Charles Anderson
Waco |
| Demographics | 59.7% White
12.0% Black
23.8% Hispanic
2.9% Asian |
| Population (2020)
Voting age | 199,548
159,656 |


title: Jordan Brookes

abstract: Jordan Brookes is an Edinburgh Comedy Award-winning comedian. Brookes was born in Merseyside and grew up in Surrey. His grandfather was Bill Sellars, a producer and director best known for his work on BBC series such as All Creatures Great and Small and Triangle. Brookes studied animation at the University of Wales, Newport and began stand-up comedy in Cardiff. He won the Welsh Unsigned Comedy Award in 2012. He made his first appearance at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 2015. He was first nominated for the Edinburgh Comedy Award in 2017 for his show Body of Work. The following year he won the Comedians' Comedian award at the Chortle Awards. Then in 2019, he won the Main Prize at the Edinburgh Comedy Awards for his show I've Got Nothing which was described as 'stand-up's answer to Waiting For Godot'. He has spoken of his admiration for stand-up Michael McIntyre, claiming he wanted to be "the existential Michael McIntyre, doing observational stuff but about disillusion, nihilism or sadness".

text:
# Jordan Brookes

**Jordan Brookes** (born 18 April 1986) is an Edinburgh Comedy Award-winning comedian.

Brookes was born in Merseyside and grew up in Surrey. His grandfather was Bill Sellars, a producer and director best known for his work on BBC series such as *All Creatures Great and Small* and *Triangle*.

Brookes studied animation at the University of Wales, Newport and began stand-up comedy in Cardiff. He won the Welsh Unsigned Comedy Award in 2012.

He made his first appearance at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 2015. He was first nominated for the Edinburgh Comedy Award in 2017 for his show *Body of Work*. The following year he won the Comedians' Comedian award at the Chortle Awards. Then in 2019, he won the Main Prize at the Edinburgh Comedy Awards for his show *I've Got Nothing* which was described as 'stand-up's answer to Waiting For Godot'.

He has spoken of his admiration for stand-up Michael McIntyre, claiming he wanted to be "the existential Michael McIntyre, doing observational stuff but about disillusion, nihilism or sadness".

## Edinburgh Festival Fringe shows

| Year | Show | Venue | Awards |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | Adventures in Limited Space | Just The Tonic at the Community Project |  |
| 2016 | The Making Of | Laughing Horse at the Cellar Monkey |  |
| 2017 | Body of Work | Pleasance Courtyard | Main Prize (nominated) |
| 2018 | Bleed | Pleasance Courtyard |  |
| 2019 | I've Got Nothing | Pleasance Courtyard | Main Prize (won) |
| 2022 | This Is Just What Happens | Monkey Barrel |  |
| 2024 | Fontanelle | Pleasance Dome |  |

## InfoBox

| Jordan Brookes | |
| --- | --- |
| Brookes at the 2024 Edinburgh Festival Fringe | |
| Born | (1986-04-18) 18 April 1986<br>Merseyside |
| Website | jordanbrookescomedy.com |


title: Garrett Community Mausoleum

abstract: Garrett Community Mausoleum is a historic mausoleum located in Calvary Cemetery at Garrett, DeKalb County, Indiana. It was built in 1922, and is a one-story, cubic granite structure with simple Classical Revival style detail. It measures 30 feet wide and 42 feet deep. The mausoleum was largely used for interments into the 1950s, with the most recent in 1999. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

text:
# Garrett Community Mausoleum

**Garrett Community Mausoleum** is a historic mausoleum located in Calvary Cemetery at Garrett, DeKalb County, Indiana. It was built in 1922, and is a one-story, cubic granite structure with simple Classical Revival style detail. It measures 30 feet wide and 42 feet deep. The mausoleum was largely used for interments into the 1950s, with the most recent in 1999.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Garrett Community Mausoleum | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Garrett Community Mausoleum, January 2014 | |
|  | |
| Location | S. Hamsher St., Garrett, Indiana |
| Coordinates | 41°20′43″N 85°08′38″W / 41.34528°N 85.14389°W / 41.34528; -85.14389 |
| Area | less than 1 acre (0.40 ha) |
| Built | 1922 (1922) |
| Architect | Sievert, Henry; Sweitzer & Fifer, Co. |
| Architectural style | Classical Revival |
| MPS | The Early Community Mausoleum Movement in Indiana |
| NRHP reference No. | 14000071 |
| Added to NRHP | March 24, 2014 |


abstract: The 16th Toronto Film Critics Association Awards, honoring the best in film for 2012, were given on December 18, 2012. Through a naming rights sponsorship with Rogers the Best Canadian Film Award prize money was raised to C$100,000 from $15,000 in 2010 and $10,000 prior to that, while the two runners-up took $5,000 each. It is now the largest film prize in Canada.

text:
# Toronto Film Critics Association Awards 2012

The **16th Toronto Film Critics Association Awards**, honoring the best in film for 2012, were given on December 18, 2012.

Through a naming rights sponsorship with Rogers the Best Canadian Film Award prize money was raised to C$100,000 from $15,000 in 2010 and $10,000 prior to that, while the two runners-up took $5,000 each. It is now the largest film prize in Canada.

## Winners

Runners-Up: Daniel Day-Lewis*Lincoln* and Joaquin Phoenix*The Master*

Runners-Up: Jessica Chastain*Zero Dark Thirty* and Emmanuelle Riva*Amour*

Runners-Up: *Brave* and *Frankenweenie*

Runners-Up: Kathryn Bigelow*Zero Dark Thirty* and Leos Carax*Holy Motors*

Runners-Up: *The Queen of Versailles* and *Searching for Sugar Man*

Runners-Up: *Amour* and *Zero Dark Thirty*

Runner-Up: *The Cabin in the Woods*

Runners-Up: *Holy Motors*France/Germany and *Tabu*Portugal

Runners-Up: *Lincoln*Tony Kushner and *Zero Dark Thirty*Mark Boal

Runners-Up: Javier Bardem*Skyfall* and Tommy Lee Jones*Lincoln*

Runners-Up: Amy Adams*The Master*, Ann Dowd*Compliance* and Anne Hathaway*Les Misérables*

Runners-Up: Denis Côté \- *Bestiaire*, Michael Dowse -*Goon*

## InfoBox

| 16th Toronto Film Critics Association Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | December 18, 2012 (2012-12-18),<br>Gala February 26, 2013 (2013-02-26) |
| Site | Round Room at The Carlu |
|


title: Tottenham Town Hall

abstract: Tottenham Town Hall is a municipal building in Town Hall Approach Road, Tottenham, London. It is a Grade II listed building.

text:
# Tottenham Town Hall

**Tottenham Town Hall** is a municipal building in Town Hall Approach Road, Tottenham, London. It is a Grade II listed building.

## History

In the 19th century the local board of health met at Bruce Castle. After the area became an urban district in 1895, civic leaders decided to procure purpose-built municipal offices: the site they selected for the new building had previously been occupied by four large residential properties: Eaton House, Wilton House, The Ferns and Hatfield House. They decided that the new municipal offices would be flanked by a fire station to the south and swimming baths to the north both to be built in the same architectural style and at the same time as the municipal offices. A school, to be built to the north of the swimming baths, was added to the scheme a few years later.

The foundation stone for the new facility was laid on 6 October 1904. The building was designed by Arnold Taylor and Rutherford Jemmett in the Baroque style; it was officially opened by the Chairman of the Council, T H Camp, on 2 November 1905. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage with seven bays facing onto Town Hall Approach Road; the central section of five bays featured a doorway with a stone surround flanked by Tuscan order pilasters on the ground floor; there were tall rounded-headed windows with Gibbs surround arches flanked with Ionic order columns in the centre and Ionic order pilasters beyond on the first floor; there was a cupola with a clock at roof level. The principal room was the council chamber on the first floor.

The building became the headquarters of the Municipal Borough of Tottenham as "Tottenham Town Hall" when the area secured municipal borough status in 1934. In May 1962, after Tottenham Hotspur won the first FA Cup against Burnley, a victory reception was held at the town hall and Jimmy Greaves held the FA Cup trophy aloft from town hall balcony.

The town hall ceased to be the local seat of government when the enlarged London Borough of Haringey was formed in 1965. In the late 1980s a memorial to Cynthia Jarrett, whose death in October 1985 was the catalyst for the Broadwater Farm riot, was erected outside the town hall. The building subsequently deteriorated and was placed on the Buildings at Risk Register. An extensive programme of refurbishment works of the building to the designs of BPTW was completed in December 2010. The works included restoration of the council chamber, which was renamed the Moselle Room after the River Moselle which flows through the area. The development also made land available behind the town hall for Newlon Housing Trust to create new affordable homes.

The adjacent swimming baths and the fire station, which both formed part of the original composition, were redeveloped as an arts centre and as a restaurant in 2007 and 2015 respectively.

## InfoBox

| Tottenham Town Hall | |
| --- | --- |
| Tottenham Town Hall | |
| Location | Town Hall Approach Road, Tottenham |
| Coordinates | 51°35′14″N 0°04′21″W / 51.5873°N 0.0724°W / 51.5873; -0.0724 |
| Built | 1905 |
| Architect | Arnold Taylor and Rutherford Jemmett |
| Architectural style(s) | Baroque style |
|  | |
| Listed Building – Grade II | |
| Designated | 9 August 1988 |
| Reference no. | 1249634 |
|  | |
|  | |
| Shown in Haringey | |


title: Garolou

abstract: Garolou is a Canadian progressive and folk-rock group. Formed in 1975 by French Canadians from Ontario and Quebec, the band was originally called Lougarou, but had to change its name after being sued by a dance troupe named Les Loups-garous. The group became popular not only in Quebec but across Canada, with its rock sound and its lyrics taken from French and French Canadian traditional songs. In 1993 the band made a return supported by many concerts each year. The band performed at many music festivals such as the Festival International d'été de Québec and the Festival franco-ontarien. The band released in 1997 a live album called Réunion that captured Garolou's live experience and, two years later, a brand new album called Mémoire Vive. Garolou has won two Félix Awards for the albums Garolou (1978) and Romancero (1980) and a Gold certification for the album Garolou (1978).

text:
# Garolou

**Garolou** is a Canadian progressive and folk-rock group. Formed in 1975 by French Canadians from Ontario and Quebec, the band was originally called **Lougarou**, but had to change its name after being sued by a dance troupe named *Les Loups-garous*. The group became popular not only in Quebec but across Canada, with its rock sound and its lyrics taken from French and French Canadian traditional songs.

In 1993 the band made a return supported by many concerts each year. The band performed at many music festivals such as the Festival International d'été de Québec and the Festival franco-ontarien. The band released in 1997 a live album called *Réunion* that captured Garolou's live experience and, two years later, a brand new album called *Mémoire Vive*.

Garolou has won two Félix Awards (ADISQ Gala) for the albums *Garolou* (1978) and *Romancero* (1980) and a Gold certification for the album *Garolou* (1978).

## Band members

### Current members

### Former members

### Additional musicians (albums)

### Additional musicians (concerts)

## Discography

### Albums

### Compilation albums

### Other compilations

* "Ah toi belle hirondelle"
* "Germaine"
* "La belle Françoise"
* "À la claire fontaine"
* "Victoria"
* "La partance"
* "La complainte du Maréchal Biron"
* "Aux Illinois"
* "La Vendée"

## InfoBox

| Garolou | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Canada |
| Genres | Folk rock, Progressive rock, French rock, Traditional music |
| Years active | 19751983 / 1993present |
| Labels | Disques FrancorJust a MemoryKébec-DisqueLondon Records |


title: Garopaba

abstract: Garopaba is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.

text:
# Garopaba

**Garopaba** is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.

## InfoBox

| Garopaba | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
|  | |
| GaropabaLocation in Brazil | |
| Coordinates: 28°01′24″S 48°37′20″W / 28.0233°S 48.6222°W / -28.0233; -48.6222 | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Region | South |
| State | Santa Catarina |
| Mesoregion | Sul Catarinense |
| Population (2020 ) | |
| Total | 23,579 |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |


title: Garde manger

abstract: A garde manger is a cool, well-ventilated area where savory cold dishes are prepared and other foods are stored under refrigeration. The person in charge of this area, and all of the savory cold foods served by the restaurant, is known as the chef garde manger, or pantry chef. Larger hotels and restaurants may have garde manger staff to perform additional duties, such as creating decorative elements of buffet presentation like ice carving and edible centerpieces.

text:
# Garde manger

A ***garde manger*** (pronounced \[gaʁd mɑ̃ʒe\]; French) is a cool, well-ventilated area where savory cold dishes (such as salads, *hors d'œuvres*, appetizers, canapés, pâtés, and terrines) are prepared and other foods are stored under refrigeration.

The person in charge of this area, and all of the savory cold foods served by the restaurant, is known as the *chef garde manger*, or pantry chef. Larger hotels and restaurants may have *garde manger* staff to perform additional duties, such as creating decorative elements of buffet presentation like ice carving and edible centerpieces.

## History

The term *garde manger* (French for larder) originated in pre-Revolutionary France, where large, wealthy households designated a kitchen manager to supervise the use and storage of large amounts of foodstuffs. The term *garde manger* literally means 'keeping to eat'. The main focus of the work was food preservation. The work included drying, salting, and smoking foods, as well as making cheese.

The term *garde manger* is also related to the cold rooms inside castles and manor houses where the food was stored. These food storage areas were usually located in the lower levels, since the cool basement-like environment was ideal for storing food. These cold storage areas developed over time into the modern cold kitchen.

With the development of classical French cuisine under the influence of François Pierre La Varenne and his 1651 book, *Le cuisinier françois*, the *garde manger* also took on fresh fruits and vegetables.

Most merchants who worked outside noble manors at this time were associated with a guild, an association of persons of the same trade formed for their mutual aid and protection. Guilds would develop training programs for their members, thereby preserving their knowledge and skills. *Charcuterie* was the name of a guild that prepared and sold cooked items made from pigs. Through this organization, the methods of preparing hams, bacon, sausages, pâtés, and terrines were preserved. When the guild system was abolished in 1791 following the French Revolution of 1789, *garde mangers* took on the responsibility for tasks that had formerly been performed by *charcutiers*, who had difficulty competing with the versatile garde mangers due to the limited range of skills involved.

The position of "butcher" first developed as a specialty within the garde manger kitchen. As both the cost of and demand for animal meats increased, more space was required for the task of fabricating and portioning the raw meats. This increased need for space was due not only to an upswing in the volume of meat sales, but also to the need for separating raw meats from processed foods to avoid cross-contamination and the resulting possibility of foodborne illness.

In the late 1800s, continental cuisine had expanded the work of the *garde manger* to include the preparation of elaborate buffets of cold food.

## Modern *garde manger*

Modern *garde manger* can refer to different things in the professional kitchen. In many restaurants, it is a station which is generally an entry-level cooking position within a restaurant, as it often involves preparing salads or other smaller plates which can be heated and quickly plated without significant experience. However, as a specialized position, the garde manger chef has a higher status in the 21st century, especially as salads and charcuterie became more popular with diners.

In other high-profile classically influenced restaurants and hotels, the position pertains to the classical preparations, which often include pâtés, terrines and elaborate aspics. In nouvelle cuisine, which shifted the standard food presentation approach from larger platters to individually pre-portioned plates, the garde manger is often responsible for arranging food decoratively on the plates.

Because meat is usually butchered elsewhere and delivered to the restaurant pre-packaged, garde manger chefs no longer prepare raw meat for cooking. As a result, the garde manger chef is focused more on creative elements.

In addition to working in restaurants, garde manger chefs are also employed on cruise ships, for room service and banquets in hotels, in private clubs, in school cafeterias, in grocery stores, delis, and other food shops, by caterers, by magazines and other publications who need food styling services, and in product development and testing. Others work for themselves in an artisanal food business.

The garde manger position is often referred to as "garmo" in kitchen slang.

## Job requirements

As with most hands-on cooking positions, a garde manger chef needs fine motor skills and physical stamina, as well as cooking skills and knowledge of food safety. As the artistic qualities of food presentation have become important, the chef must be able to produce foods that both taste good and look good.

Because the garde manger usually works with a larger team, interpersonal skills are necessary. Mathematical skills are necessary for scaling recipes, placing orders, and managing the budget. Organization and planning skills are used in both cooking (e.g., having the correct amount of each ingredient at the correct temperatures when the food is prepared) and preparation phases (e.g., knowing how long it will take to plate 200 individual salads and how much refrigerator space is needed to keep them cold until they are served).


title: Gaslight Music Hall

abstract: Gaslight Music Hall is an Australian television series which aired from 1959 to 1960. Originally aired on ABC Television, it later moved to TCN-9. Produced in Sydney, it was a live variety show spoofing Victorian music hall. Cast included Henry Gilbert, John Bluthal, June Salter, and Michael Cole. According to a section of TV Merry-Go-Round in the 27 September 1959 edition of Sydney Morning Herald, the first episode included a comedy sketch spoofing melodrama.

text:
# Gaslight Music Hall

***Gaslight Music Hall*** is an Australian television series which aired from 1959 to 1960. Originally aired on ABC Television, it later moved to TCN-9. Produced in Sydney, it was a live variety show spoofing Victorian music hall. Cast included Henry Gilbert, John Bluthal, June Salter, and Michael Cole. According to a section of *TV Merry-Go-Round* in the 27 September 1959 edition of *Sydney Morning Herald*, the first episode included a comedy sketch spoofing melodrama.

## InfoBox

| *Gaslight Music Hall* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Variety |
| Starring |  |
| Country of origin | Australia |
| Original language | English |
| Original release | |
| Network |  |
| Release | 1959 (1959) <br>1960 (1960) |


title: Merong Mahawangsa

abstract: Merong Mahawangsa is a legendary warrior and a ruler who is said to be the first king of Langkasuka, or the modern-day Pattani empire. His tale is mentioned in the Kedah Annals, where it mentions him as a hero who became the first king of Langkasuka.

text:
# Merong Mahawangsa

**Merong Mahawangsa** is a legendary warrior and a ruler who is said to be the first king of Langkasuka, or the modern-day Pattani empire. His tale is mentioned in the Kedah Annals, where it mentions him as a hero who became the first king of Langkasuka.

## The legend of Merong Mahawangsa

The Kedah Annals claimed that Merong was a descendant of Alexander the Great (known in Malay legend as *Iskandar Zulkarnain*).

According to the Kedah Annals, Merong was a fighter and ruler of an unknown kingdom. He travelled around from kingdom to kingdom but mostly stayed in Rome. One day, he left Rome to do some trading in China. But then, after he passed the Arabian Sea, he was suddenly attacked by a legendary giant phoenix called Garuda, which destroyed most of Merong's fleet. They fled to the nearest land, which is Bujang Valley, where they settled and founded the kingdom of Langkasuka.

Merong was the original ruler of Langkasuka before he made his son, Merong Mahapudisat, the king. He returned to Rome, leaving his son to rule after. His fate was unknown, as some say that he died on his way to Rome. His son ruled Langkasuka, along with his descendants, until Phra Ong Mahawangsa converted to Islam and changed the Kingdom of Langkasuka into the Sultanate of Kedah. He also changed his name to Sultan Mudzafar Shah.

Later, the salutation for the king of Langkasuka changed to the Sultanate of Kedah. The name 'Langkasuka' can be divided into two parts: for which 'Langka' meant 'the land of glory' in Sanskrit, while 'suka' means 'joy' or 'happiness'.

## Merong and his descendants

Below is the list of the eight rulers of Langkasuka, Merong and his descendants, according to the Kedah Annals:

* **King Merong Mahawangsa**: A ruler from Rome who later settled in the Bujang Valley and founded the Kingdom of Langkasuka. He is said to be a descendant of Alexander the Great. Merong had three sons, Merong Mahapudisat, Ganjil Sarjuna, and Seri Mahawangsa, and a daughter, Raja Puteri, who is the second youngest in the family. He was later succeeded by his eldest son, Merong Mahapudisat. Merong then left for Rome, leaving his son the ruler of Langkasuka.
* **King Merong Mahapudisat**: He became the king of Langkasuka after his father, Merong Mahawangsa went back to Rome. He was the eldest son. Legends say that he was also the first king of Siam.
* **King Ganjil Sarjuna**: He was crowned king after his brother's death. He was the second eldest in the family. He founded the Gangga Negara kingdom.
* **Raja Puteri** (in English, King Princess): She became the King of Langkasuka after her brother Ganjil Sarjuna died. She is the youngest daughter in the family. She was also the first ruler of Pattani.
* **King Seri Mahawangsa**: He became the king of Langkasuka after his brother, Ganjil Sarjuna died.
* **Seri Maha Inderawangsa**: He is the son of Seri Mahawangsa. He was called "Raja Bersiong" or the *Fanged King* because of his cannibalistic behaviour of drinking human blood. He was the successor of Seri Mahawangsa, but because of his behaviour, the ministers of the kingdom had no choice but to revolt against him. He fled to Mount Jerai, where he remained hidden for a long time and later had a son, who was called Phra Ong Mahapudisat. His son, unknowing of his royal lineage, lived in his mother's village before being called to the palace and had his identity revealed.
* **King Phra Ong Mahapudisat**: After Seri Mahawangsa's death, Langkasuka needed a successor who had royal blood. Phra Ong Mahapudist was crowned king after his father's death.
* **Sultan Mudzafar Shah, Phra Ong Mahawangsa**: He was the only son of Phra Ong Mahapudisat. He was originally Hindu, but when Islam first came to the Malay Peninsula, he became a Muslim and changed his name to Sultan Mudzafar Shah, and the Kingdom of Langkasuka into the Kedah Sultanate.

* Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa \- A manuscript at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
* Low, James (1849). "A Translation of the Keddah Annals &c". *The Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia*. **3**: 1–23, 90–101, 162–181, 253–270, 314–336, 467–488.


title: Toronto Millionaires

abstract: The Toronto Millionaires were a Canadian minor professional ice hockey team located in Toronto, Ontario. The franchise was around for three seasons, beginning in the Canadian Professional Hockey League and ending with the International Hockey League.

text:
# Toronto Millionaires

The **Toronto Millionaires** were a Canadian minor professional ice hockey team located in Toronto, Ontario. The franchise was around for three seasons, beginning in the Canadian Professional Hockey League and ending with the International Hockey League.

## History

The franchise began in the second season of the CPHL as the 'Kitchener Millionaires'. After finishing as runners up for the league championship, the club moved to Toronto for their second season. After the year, the entire league disbanded and reformed as the IHL. Toronto had a terrible season in the new league, finishing seventh out of eight teams and then folded in the offseason.

## Season-by-season record

| Season | GP | W | L | T | Pts | GF | GA | Place | coach | Playoffs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1927–28 | 42 | 19 | 17 | 6 | **44** | 105 | 110 | 3rd | Alf Skinner | Runner Up |
| 1928–29 | 42 | 19 | 16 | 7 | **45** | 94 | 88 | 3rd | Hap Holmes | Semifinals |
| 1929–30 | 42 | 10 | 28 | 4 | **24** | 84 | 172 | 7th | Hugh Lehman | missed |
| Totals | 126 | 48 | 61 | 17 |  | 283 | 370 |  |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Toronto Millionaires | |
| --- | --- |
| City | Toronto, Ontario |
| League | Canadian Professional Hockey League (1927–1929)<br>International Hockey League (1929–1930) |
| Founded | 1927 |
| Folded | 1930 |
| Franchise history | |
| 1927–1928 | Kitchener Millionaires |
| 1928–1930 | Toronto Millionaires |


title: Toudgha El Oulia

abstract: Toudgha El Oulia is a commune in the Tinghir Province of the Drâa-Tafilalet administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 5665 people living in 939 households.

text:
# Toudgha El Oulia

**Toudgha El Oulia** is a commune in the Tinghir Province of the Drâa-Tafilalet administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 5665 people living in 939 households.

## InfoBox

| Toudgha El Oulia | |
| --- | --- |
| commune | |
| Toudgha El OuliaLocation in Morocco | |
| Coordinates: 31°32′46″N 5°34′14″W / 31.5461°N 5.5705°W / 31.5461; -5.5705 | |
| Country | Morocco |
| Region | Drâa-Tafilalet |
| Province | Tinghir |
| Population (2004) | |
| Total | 5,665 |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (WET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (WEST) |


title: Toudja

abstract: Toudja is a commune in northern Algeria in the Béjaïa Province in the Kabylia region. The liberal pied noir writer Jules Roy discussed it in his book on the Algerian war of independence. Oranges are grown widely in the area. In Roman times its springs were an important source of water and there was an aqueduct taking water to the city of Saldae.

text:
# Toudja

**Toudja** is a commune in northern Algeria in the Béjaïa Province in the Kabylia region. The liberal pied noir writer Jules Roy discussed it in his book on the Algerian war of independence.

Oranges are grown widely in the area. In Roman times its springs were an important source of water and there was an aqueduct taking water to the city of Saldae (now Béjaïa).

36°45′N 4°54′E / 36.750°N 4.900°E / 36.750; 4.900

## InfoBox

| Toudja | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Country | Algeria |
| Province | Béjaïa |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (West Africa Time) |


abstract: The meteorological history of Hurricane Dean began in the second week of August 2007 when a vigorous tropical wave moved off the west coast of Africa into the North Atlantic ocean. Although the wave initially experienced strong easterly wind shear, it quickly moved into an environment better suited for tropical development and gained organization. On the morning of August 13, the National Hurricane Center recognized the system's organization and designated it Tropical Depression Four while it was still more than 1,500 mi (2,400 km) east of the Lesser Antilles. A deep layered ridge to its north steered the system west as it moved rapidly towards the Caribbean and into warmer waters. On August 14 the depression gained strength and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Dean. By August 16, the storm had intensified further and attained hurricane status. Hurricane Dean continued to intensify as it tracked westward through the Lesser Antilles. Once in the Caribbean Sea, the storm rapidly intensified to a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Weakening slightly, it brushed the southern coast of Jamaica on August 19 as a Category 4 hurricane and continued towards the Yucatán Peninsula through even warmer waters. The favorable conditions of the western Caribbean Sea allowed the storm to intensify and it regained Category 5 status the next day before making landfall in southern Quintana Roo. Hurricane Dean was one of two storms in the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season to make landfall as a Category 5 hurricane and was the seventh most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded, tied with Camille and Mitch. After its first landfall, Hurricane Dean crossed the Yucatán Peninsula and emerged, weakened, into the Bay of Campeche. It briefly restrengthened in the warm waters of the bay before making a second landfall in Veracruz. Dean progressed to the northwest, weakening into a remnant low which finally dissipated over the southwestern United States.

text:
# Meteorological history of Hurricane Dean

The **meteorological history of Hurricane Dean** began in the second week of August 2007 when a vigorous tropical wave moved off the west coast of Africa into the North Atlantic ocean. Although the wave initially experienced strong easterly wind shear, it quickly moved into an environment better suited for tropical development and gained organization. On the morning of August 13, the National Hurricane Center recognized the system's organization and designated it Tropical Depression Four while it was still more than 1,500 mi (2,400 km) east of the Lesser Antilles.

A deep layered ridge to its north steered the system west as it moved rapidly towards the Caribbean and into warmer waters. On August 14 the depression gained strength and was upgraded to Tropical Storm *Dean*. By August 16, the storm had intensified further and attained hurricane status. Hurricane Dean continued to intensify as it tracked westward through the Lesser Antilles. Once in the Caribbean Sea, the storm rapidly intensified to a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Weakening slightly, it brushed the southern coast of Jamaica on August 19 as a Category 4 hurricane and continued towards the Yucatán Peninsula through even warmer waters. The favorable conditions of the western Caribbean Sea allowed the storm to intensify and it regained Category 5 status the next day before making landfall in southern Quintana Roo.

Hurricane Dean was one of two storms in the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season to make landfall as a Category 5 hurricane and was the seventh most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded, tied with Camille and Mitch. After its first landfall, Hurricane Dean crossed the Yucatán Peninsula and emerged, weakened, into the Bay of Campeche. It briefly restrengthened in the warm waters of the bay before making a second landfall in Veracruz. Dean progressed to the northwest, weakening into a remnant low which finally dissipated over the southwestern United States.

## Formation

On August 11, 2007, a vigorous tropical wave moved off the west coast of Africa, producing disorganized showers and thunderstorms. It encountered conditions favorable for gradual development, and on August 12 it gained organization and became a low. Strong upper-level easterly winds slowed development, but on August 13 the tropical wave gained enough organization that the National Hurricane Center designated it *Tropical Depression Four*. At this time it was centered about 520 mi (835 km) west-southwest of Cape Verde.

The depression was already exhibiting persistent deep convection in the western portion of its circulation. It moved quickly westward, south of a deep layered ridge, escaping the easterly wind shear that had been slowing its development and moving over warmer waters. At 1500 UTC on August 14, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Dean while still 1450 mi (2300 km) east of Barbados. Even as its convection waned slightly that afternoon, its intensity grew, and convection flared in the center that night. Dry air and cooler air inflow from the north slowed structural development; nevertheless, ragged bands began to form on August 15. By mid-morning, a rough banding eye had formed, and by the next morning a full eye developed. The storm was upgraded to Hurricane Dean at 0900 UTC August 16, 550 mi (890 km) east of Barbados.

A strong ridge of high pressure continued to push the system west, towards the Caribbean Sea. That afternoon, convective banding and increasing upper-level outflow strengthened the storm to a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. The eye disappeared briefly overnight, possibly as part of a diurnal fluctuation, but returned by the morning of August 17.

## Caribbean Sea and first landfall

At 0930 UTC on August 17, the center of Hurricane Dean passed into the Caribbean Sea through the Saint Lucia Channel between the islands of Martinique and St. Lucia. The northern eyewall passed over Martinique where a weather station in the island's capital of Fort-de-France reported 13 in (33 cm) of rainfall. By this time the eyewall had closed, forming a distinct eye, and in an environment of low wind shear and increasing ocean temperature the hurricane began to intensify rapidly. Hurricane Dean strengthened to a Category 3 hurricane by the evening of August 17. Satellite imagery showed that a well defined eye and numerous cyclonically curved convective bands remained over the Lesser Antilles. That evening, another reconnaissance aircraft reached the hurricane and discovered that it had strengthened into a Category 4 hurricane, and by 0600 UTC on August 18, Dean reached Category 5 intensity for the first time with 165 mph (270 km/h) winds. The storm's wind radii increased in all quadrants as the storm grew in both intensity and size. At 0800 UTC August 18, Hurricane Dean passed directly over NOAA sea buoy 42059 which reported a significant wave height (average size of the largest 33% of waves) of 33 ft (10 m). On August 18, Hurricane Dean developed a double eyewall, indicating that an eyewall replacement cycle was taking place and causing short term fluctuations in intensity as Dean weakened back to a Category 4 hurricane. That afternoon the hurricane continued to improve its outflow, and its numerous spiral bands gave it a well defined satellite presentation. Hurricane Dean finished the eyewall replacement cycle early on August 19 with some trochoidal wobbles.

On the morning of August 19, the storm remained slightly weakened from its peak strength. As a Category 4 hurricane with wind speeds between 140 mph (220 km/h) and 145 mph (230 km/h), the center of Hurricane Dean passed 90 mi (150 km) south of Haiti, and that evening passed 25 mi (40 km) south of Jamaica. Two weather stations on the island of Jamaica, one at Ingleside and the other at Morant Bay, both reported in excess of 13 in (33 cm) of rainfall. In contrast, the weather station at Les Cayes, Haiti recorded only 1.18 in (3 cm) of rainfall.

| Most intense Atlantic hurricanes | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Rank | Hurricane | Season | Pressure | |
| | | | hPa | inHg |
| 1 | Wilma | 2005 | 882 | 26.05 |
| 2 | Gilbert | 1988 | 888 | 26.23 |
| 3 | "Labor Day" | 1935 | 892 | 26.34 |
| 4 | Rita | 2005 | 895 | 26.43 |
| 5 | Milton | 2024 | 897 | 26.49 |
| 6 | Allen | 1980 | 899 | 26.55 |
| 7 | Camille | 1969 | 900 | 26.58 |
| 8 | Katrina | 2005 | 902 | 26.64 |
| 9 | Mitch | 1998 | 905 | 26.73 |
| | Dean | | | 2007 |
| Source: HURDAT | | | | |

Hurricane Dean intensified through the night of August 19 and reinforced its completed eyewall replacement cycle by forming a tight single-walled eye. At 0100 UTC August 20, the storm passed 120 mi (190 km) to the south of Sea Buoy 42056, which recorded a significant wave height of 36 ft (11 m). A concentric eyewall was briefly observed again on the morning of August 20, but it did not last long. In conditions of low wind shear, Hurricane Dean moved westward over waters with increasingly high heat content, and the storm exhibited a classic upper-tropospheric outflow pattern. The high pressure system over the southeastern United States continued to steer the storm west towards the Yucatán Peninsula. The eyewall became even better defined throughout the day. The cloud tops cooled, the minimum central pressure fell, and its winds increased to 160 mph (260 km/h), making Hurricane Dean a Category 5 hurricane once again. This time, it was less than 210 mi (335 km) from its first landfall.

Although many of the convective bands were already located over the Yucatán Peninsula, Hurricane Dean continued to intensify until the eye made landfall. As the eye moved over Mexico near the town of Majahual in the Costa Maya area, the NHC estimated surface level winds of 175 mph (280 km/h), making Dean the first storm to make landfall as a Category 5 hurricane in the Atlantic basin since Hurricane Andrew in 1992. At the same time, a dropsonde reading from the hurricane's eye estimated a central pressure of 905 mbar, making Dean the third most intense landfalling Atlantic storm in history (after the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 and Hurricane Gilbert of 1988) and tying Dean with Mitch as the eighth most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic basin. The landfall itself occurred in a sparsely populated area of the Costa Maya region of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo near 18.7 N 87.8 W at 0900 UTC August 21 and brought with it a storm surge of 12–18 ft (3.7–5.5 m). A weather station at Chetumal (the capital of Quintana Roo, Mexico) reported 6.65 in (17 cm) of rainfall during Hurricane Dean's landfall. As expected, the landfall caused significant weakening of the storm; the eye filled and the cold cloud-tops warmed. The land severely disrupted the storm's organization, and by the time Dean crossed the Yucatán Peninsula it had weakened to a Category 1 hurricane.

## Gulf of Mexico and demise

Hurricane Dean emerged into the Bay of Campeche as a Category 1 hurricane on the afternoon of August 21. Its inner core was largely disrupted, so although a ragged eye reformed over the warm waters of the bay, the hurricane no longer had the structure to support its previous strength. Nevertheless, the warm waters of the bay proved conducive for *some* development and the eye contracted overnight, indicating that the hurricane was regaining structure. With better structure came stronger winds of 100 mph (160 km/h), and the storm was re-categorized as a Category 2 hurricane.

The storm's strengthening pattern continued until Hurricane Dean made its second and final landfall at 1630 UTC August 22 near Tecolutla, Veracruz, just east of Gutiérrez Zamora and about 40 mi (65 km) south-southeast of Tuxpan. A weather station at Requetemu, San Luis Potosí, recorded 15.4 in (39 cm) of rainfall during the storm's second landfall. Dean weakened rapidly, losing its low level circulation within hours and its mid-level circulation the next day as it encountered the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range. Its remnants passed over the mountains and into the eastern Pacific Ocean as a broad area of low pressure. Hurricane Dean's remnant low pressure system then drifted north into southern California, bringing thunderstorms to northern San Diego County, and more than 2 in (5 cm) of rain to Lake Wohlford. In Escondido almost 2 in (5 cm) of rain fell in 90 minutes. The remnant low pressure system weakened over western Arizona and southern California before finally dissipating on August 30.

## InfoBox

Hurricane Dean
| Track map of Hurricane Dean | |
| --- | --- |
| Meteorological history | |
| Formed | August 13, 2007 |
| Dissipated | August 23, 2007 |
| Category 5 major hurricane | |
| *1-minute sustained* (SSHWS/NWS) | |
| Highest winds | 175 mph (280 km/h) |
| Lowest pressure | 905 mbar (hPa); 26.72 inHg |
| Overall effects | |
| Areas affected | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Nicaragua, Honduras, Belize, Guatemala, Mexico |
| ---  Part of the **2007 Atlantic hurricane season** | |
| **History** **Impact**<br>**Other wikis** | |


title: Mervin Vavasour

abstract: Mervin Vavasour was a member of the Royal Engineers, one of the corps of the British Army.

text:
# Mervin Vavasour

**Mervin Vavasour** (1821 – 27 March 1866) was a member of the Royal Engineers, one of the corps of the British Army.

## Early life

He was probably born at Fort George, Upper Canada in 1821, to Captain Henry William Vavasour of the Royal Engineers and Louisa Dunbar, daughter of Sir George Dunbar. He enrolled in the Royal Military Academy in Woolwich, England in February 1837, and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers on 19 March 1839. He was eventually sent to Montreal, arriving on 18 September 1841. In 1842, he was promoted to lieutenant.

## Oregon mission

In 1845–46, during the Oregon Boundary Dispute, Lieutenants Vavasour, and Henry Warre were dispatched on a mission to evaluate the logistics of a military campaign in the Columbia District (known then to Americans as the Oregon Country). This was done in response to a territorial dispute generally known as the Oregon Question, and the stated policy of President of the United States James K. Polk to expand into and control those territories along the west coast of North America, much of which the British contested as belonging to them. Vavasour and Warre travelled in the guise of civilians “for the pleasure of field sports and scientific pursuits,” through territory controlled by the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), confidentially evaluating the strategic value of both the land and the HBC's facilities. This information made its way back to London in 1846.

HBC officer Peter Skene Ogden traveled with the British officers and held a low opinion of Vavasour. In a letter written in April 1846 to Governor George Simpson, Odgen complained that Vavasour was "to the last hour a disagreeable Puppy and at times most disgusting particularly when under the influence of Brandy and Opium."

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Fort Victoria Plan | Fort Edmonton Plan |

Despite the rhetoric neither Britain or USA wanted a third war in 70 years; and a war over the Oregon Country was averted by diplomacy when Britain gave up all claims to lands in the lower Columbia Basin and Puget Sound. Vavasour's report concluded that the British Army, if deployed in the region, would be faced with substantial obstacles. These included: their poor evaluation of the readiness of the HBC forts and other facilities for military uses, the significant number of American settlers crossing into the territory via the well established Oregon Trail, and the considerable obstacles posed by the Rocky Mountains to British supply lines.

## Later career

Vavasour sailed to England in October 1846, and served in the British Isles, being promoted to 2nd captain in 1849. He was later posted to the West Indies from 1851 to 1852. He went on half-pay in 1853.

## Legacy

Vavasour published his notes and the images drawn by Warre in *Sketches in North America and the Oregon Territory* (1849). From this comes some of the earliest European artistic renderings of the Rocky Mountains and also valuable records such as an 1846 plan diagram of Fort Edmonton to scale. This plan influenced the reconstruction of the fort as Fort Edmonton Park, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, in the 1960s.

There is also Mount Vavasour in Alberta, Canada, named for Vavasour in 1918; it is south of Mount Warre, named for Warre.

Vavasour Street, in Savona, B.C., is named after Mervin Vavasour as well.

## InfoBox

| Mervin Vavasour | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1821 |
| Died | 27 March 1866 |
| Occupation | member of Royal Engineers |


title: Mesophleps coffeae

abstract: Mesophleps coffeae is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in China, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Timor. The wingspan is 8–16.5 mm. The larvae feed on Coffea species, including Coffea liberica and possibly Coffea quillou. They live in the dry berries.

text:
# Mesophleps coffeae

***Mesophleps coffeae*** is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in China (Hong Kong), Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia (North Sulawesi) and Timor.

The wingspan is 8–16.5 mm.

The larvae feed on *Coffea* species, including *Coffea liberica* and possibly *Coffea quillou*. They live in the dry berries.

## Etymology

The species name is derived from the host-plant genus *Coffea*.

## InfoBox

| *Mesophleps coffeae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Gelechiidae |
| Genus: | *Mesophleps* |
| Species: | ***M. coffeae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mesophleps coffeae***<br>H.H. Li & Sattler, 2012 | |
|


title: Mesophleps catericta

abstract: Mesophleps catericta is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Namibia and South Africa. The wingspan is 16–17 mm. The forewings are greyish brown, sprinkled with greyish white scales.

text:
# Mesophleps catericta

***Mesophleps catericta*** is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Namibia and South Africa (Limpopo, Mpumalanga).

The wingspan is 16–17 mm. The forewings are greyish brown, sprinkled with greyish white scales.

## InfoBox

| *Mesophleps catericta* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Gelechiidae |
| Genus: | *Mesophleps* |
| Species: | ***M. catericta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mesophleps catericta***<br>(Meyrick, 1927) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Gnosimacha catericta* Meyrick, 1927 | |


title: Tour du Togo

abstract: The Tour du Togo is a multi-day road cycling race annually held in Togo.

text:
# Tour du Togo

The **Tour du Togo** is a multi-day road cycling race annually held in Togo.

## Winners (since 2002)

| Year | Winner | Second | Third |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2002 | Diego Agbéfou |  |  |
| 2003 | Diego Agbéfou |  |  |
| 2004 | Komi Dossouvi | Kouawovi Dossouvi | Attivi Egué |
| 2006 | Idrissa Ouedraogo |  |  |
| 2007 | Idrissa Ouedraogo | Mohammed Ahmed | Osouma Aminou |
| 2008 | Bassirou Konté |  |  |
| 2009 | Hamidou Yaméogo |  |  |
| 2010 | Noufou Minoungou |  |  |
| 2011 | Noufou Minoungou |  |  |
| 2012 | Noufou Minoungou | Mickaël Dhinnin |  |
| 2013 | Médéric Clain | Issiaka Fofana | Alexis Tourtelot |
| 2014 | Harouna Ilboudo | Guy Smet | Hamidou Yaméogo |
| 2015 | Seydou Bamogo | Oumarou Minoungou | Samuel Anim |
| 2016 | Mathias Sorgho | Mickaël Hugonnier | Bécaye Traoré |
| 2017 | Issiaka Cissé | Pascal Bousquet | Niels van der Pijl |
| 2018 | Abdoul Aziz Nikiéma | Sander Cordeel | Karamoko Bamba |
| 2019 | Julian Hellmann | Paul Daumont | Sam Van de Mieroop |

## InfoBox

Tour du Togo
| Race details | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | April |
| Region | Togo |
| Discipline | Road |
| Type | Stage race |
| Organiser | Fédération Togolaise de cyclisme |
| History | |
| First edition | 1989 (1989) |
| Editions | 28 (as of 2019) |
| Most recent | Julian Hellmann (GER) |


title: Torrecillas de la Tiesa

abstract: Torrecillas de la Tiesa is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, eastern Spain.

text:
# Torrecillas de la Tiesa

**Torrecillas de la Tiesa** is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, eastern Spain.

## InfoBox

| Torrecillas de la Tiesa | |
| --- | --- |
| municipality | |
|  | |
| Torrecillas de la TiesaLocation in Spain. | |
| Coordinates: 39°34′N 5°44′W / 39.567°N 5.733°W / 39.567; -5.733 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Extremadura |
| Province | Cáceres |
| Comarca | Tierra de Trujillo |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Tomás Sánchez Campos |
| Area | |
| Total | 140 km2 (50 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 510 m (1,670 ft) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 1,071 |
| Density | 7.7/km2 (20/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Website | Official website |


title: Gaspare Trimbocchi

abstract:
Gaspare Trimbocchi, called il Tribacco was an Italian humanist. He was born in Reggio Emilia, the illegitimate child of Jacopo Trimbocchi, although by 1456 he was recognized as offspring by his father and moved into the paternal home in Modena. There he studied under Guarino da Verona until about 1459. By 1461 he had moved to Ferrara, and obtained by October a stipend from Borso d’Este, to travel to travel to Greece. It is unclear if he ever went. Borso added stipends to employ him as a teacher of Latin grammar in Modena, where among his pupils was Antonio Urceo. By 1466, he was a teacher in Ferrara. After the death of Borso in 1471, he moved to Venice, where he received a commission to teach in Ragusa. However, he was imprisoned for some debts or obligations. Freed, he fled to Mantua, where he became a tutor to the children of Federico Gonzaga. He was known as a scholar of Classic Latin texts, and praises from contemporaries such as Tito Vespasiano Strozzi, Matteo Maria Boiardo, Marcantonio Aldegati, Raffaele Zovenzoni, and Bartolomeo Paganelli, recall a dense output of Latin poetic forms, including hymns; satyrical poems; eclogues; epigrams; and occasional poems. He dedicated in 1463 an encomium describing the Triumph of Borso d'Este (Trimphus). Other poems include:
  - De apparatu divi Borsii Estensis contra Turcum Christi persecutorem
  - De velocitate temporis
  - De casibus Herculis in insania He died in poverty. Dionigi Trimbocco was putatively a grandson of Gaspare, and taught literature and classic languages for decades in Modena.

text:
# Gaspare Trimbocchi

**Gaspare Trimbocchi**, called **il Tribacco** (c. 23 February 1439 – circa 1492) was an Italian humanist.

He was born in Reggio Emilia, the illegitimate child of Jacopo Trimbocchi, although by 1456 he was recognized as offspring by his father and moved into the paternal home in Modena. There he studied under Guarino da Verona until about 1459. By 1461 he had moved to Ferrara, and obtained by October a stipend from Borso d’Este, to travel to travel to Greece. It is unclear if he ever went. Borso added stipends to employ him as a teacher of Latin grammar in Modena, where among his pupils was Antonio Urceo (*il Codro da Rubiera*). By 1466, he was a teacher in Ferrara.

After the death of Borso in 1471, he moved to Venice, where he received a commission to teach in Ragusa. However, he was imprisoned for some debts or obligations. Freed, he fled to Mantua, where he became a tutor to the children of Federico Gonzaga. He was known as a scholar of Classic Latin texts, and praises from contemporaries such as Tito Vespasiano Strozzi, Matteo Maria Boiardo, Marcantonio Aldegati, Raffaele Zovenzoni, and Bartolomeo Paganelli, recall a dense output of Latin poetic forms, including hymns (Horatian carmen); satyrical poems; eclogues; epigrams; and occasional poems. He dedicated in 1463 an encomium describing the *Triumph of Borso d'Este* (Trimphus). Other poems include:

* *De apparatu divi Borsii Estensis contra Turcum Christi persecutorem*
* *De velocitate temporis*
* *De casibus Herculis in insania*

He died in poverty. Dionigi Trimbocco (died 1526) was putatively a grandson of Gaspare, and taught literature and classic languages for decades in Modena.

1. Encyclopedia Treccani entry, by Claudia Corfiati; Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani; Volume 96 (2019).
2. Dizionario biografico universale, Volume 5, by Felice Scifoni, Publisher Davide Passagli, Florence (1849); page 413.
3. Atti della Accademia delle scienze di Torino; Volume 51 (1916); pages 462-470.


title: Metleucauge

abstract: Metleucauge is a genus of long-jawed orb-weavers that was first described by Herbert Walter Levi in 1980.

text:
# Metleucauge

***Metleucauge*** is a genus of long-jawed orb-weavers that was first described by Herbert Walter Levi in 1980.

## Species

As of October 2019 it contains eight species, found in Asia and the United States:

**In synonymy:**

* *M. sinensis* (Schenkel, 1953) = *Metleucauge yunohamensis* (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906)
* *M. vena* (Dönitz & Strand, 1906) = *Metleucauge kompirensis* (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906)

## InfoBox

| *Metleucauge* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Metleucauge chikunii* female | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Tetragnathidae |
| Genus: | *Metleucauge*
Levi, 1980 |
|
| Type species | |
| *M. eldorado*
Levi, 1980 | |
| Species | |
| 8, see text | |


title: Garwood, Texas

abstract: Garwood is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in Colorado County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 975 in 2000.

text:
# Garwood, Texas

**Garwood** is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in Colorado County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 975 in 2000.

## History

The Red Bluff Irrigation System was constructed in 1896 by Marcus H. Townsend, W. T. Burford, and T. A. Hill to draw rice farmers to the region. By 1901, several local farmers were cultivating rice. Ed R. Frnka moved the first building on the townsite in 1901 as well; Townsend offered Frnka the property for his building. In memory of Townsend's friend and Houston lawyer Hiram Morgan Garwood, the community was renamed Garwood. The first chapel and post office in the village were founded in 1901. An extra structure was relocated to Garwood in 1902 and put to use as a hotel. Garwood participated in a land advertising scam in 1906. Agents would give photos of crops, such as orange groves, to their victims that had been taken somewhere else but were purportedly from Colorado County. Unseen, the land was purchased, and most purchasers departed upon seeing Garwood and the surrounding acreage. 1909–1912 saw Garwood publish two newspapers. In 1910, there was a bank there, and 500 people were living in Garwood. The Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway served the town, which had 750 persons by 1915. The majority of the establishments on the east side of the main street were destroyed by fire in 1922. After these were restored, the town expanded gradually. Garwood recorded twelve establishments and a 975-person population estimate in 1990 and 2000, with 37 businesses. It stayed at 975 in 2010 then went down to 510 in 2020.

Although it is unincorporated, Garwood has a post office with the ZIP code 77442.

## Geography

Garwood is situated at the junction of Texas State Highway 71 and Farm to Market Road 950 in southern Colorado County, 13 mi (21 km) southwest of Eagle Lake, 20 mi (32 km) south of Columbus, and 17 mi (27 km) north of El Campo.

There is a bridge on FM 950 that crosses the Colorado River.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 510 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census
1850–1900 1910
1920 1930 1940
1950 1960 1970
1980 1990 2000
2010 2020 | | | |

Garwood first appeared as a census designated place in the 2020 U.S. Census.

### 2020 census

**Garwood CDP, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition**
*Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.*
| Race / Ethnicity (*NH = Non-Hispanic*) | Pop 2020 | % 2020 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| White alone (NH) | 267 | 52.35% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 57 | 11.18% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 2 | 0.39% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 5 | 0.98% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 179 | 35.10% |
| **Total** | **510** | **100.00%** |

## Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Garwood has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## Education

Garwood's first school opened in 1904. Public education in the community of Garwood is provided by the Rice Consolidated Independent School District. Zoned campuses include Garwood School (grades K-6; located in Garwood), Rice Junior High School (grades 7-8), and Rice High School (grades 9-12).

The designated community college for Rice CISD is Wharton County Junior College.

## Media

KPUY 97.3 FM

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Garwood, Texas | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community
Census designated place | |
| Garwood, TexasLocation within the state of TexasGarwood, TexasGarwood, Texas (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 29°26′59″N 96°23′49″W / 29.44972°N 96.39694°W / 29.44972; -96.39694 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| County | Colorado |
| Elevation | 154 ft (47 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 77442 |
| Area code | 979 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1336419 |