abstract: The 2017 Baltic States Swimming Championships was held in Riga, Latvia, from March 31 – April 1 Some events were also held separately for boys and girls.

text:
# 2017 Baltic States Swimming Championships

The **2017 Baltic States Swimming Championships** was held in Riga, Latvia, from March 31 – April 1

Some events were also held separately for boys and girls (Baltic States Youth Swimming Meet).

## Medal table

### Senior

Host nation (Latvia)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Estonia (EST) | 17 | 11 | 14 | 42 |
| 2 | Latvia (LAT)* | 9 | 12 | 9 | 30 |
| 3 | Lithuania (LTU) | 8 | 11 | 9 | 28 |
| Totals (3 entries) | | 34 | 34 | 32 | 100 |

### Total

Host nation (Latvia)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Estonia (EST) | 28 | 22 | 26 | 76 |
| 2 | Lithuania (LTU) | 19 | 18 | 13 | 50 |
| 3 | Latvia (LAT)* | 15 | 22 | 21 | 58 |
| Totals (3 entries) | | 62 | 62 | 60 | 184 |

## Events

## Results

### Men's events

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 50 m freestyle | Pjotr Degtjarjov (EST) | 23.01 | Darijus Astrauskas (LTU) | 23.63 | Nikita Tsernosev (EST) | 23.71 |
| 100 m freestyle | Pjotr Degtjarjov (EST) | 50.60 | Cevin Anders Siim (EST) | 51.54 | Andri Aedma (EST) | 51.55 |
| 200 m freestyle | Kregor Zirk (EST) | 1:52.02 | Povilas Strazdas (LTU) | 1:52.21 | Cevin Anders Siim (EST) | 1:53.05 |
| 400 m freestyle | Deividas Ivanauskas (LTU) | 4:14.37 | Arvis Aigars (LAT) | 4:14.66 | Grigorijs Podļesnijs (LAT) | 4:14.73 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 50 m backstroke | Gytis Stankevičius (LTU) | 26.26 | Endri Vinter (EST) | 26.35 | Pāvels Vilcāns (LAT) | 27.09 |
| 100 m backstroke | Ģirts Feldbergs (LAT) | 56.25 | Gytis Stankevičius (LTU) | 56.39 | Armin Evert Lelle (EST) | 58.27 |
| 200 m backstroke | Ģirts Feldbergs (LAT) | 2:03.76 | Rokas Juozelskis (LTU) | 2:05.37 | Armin Evert Lelle (EST) | 2:06.79 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 50 m breaststroke | Nikolajs Maskaļenko (LAT) | 28.00 | Martin Allikvee (EST) | 28.57 | Martti Aljand (EST) | 28.65 |
| 100 m breaststroke | Martin Allikvee (EST) | 1:02.11 | Daniils Bobrovs (LAT) | 1:02.46 | Nikolajs Maskaļenko (LAT) | 1:02.99 |
| 200 m breaststroke | Martin Allikvee (EST) | 2:13.43 | Daniils Bobrovs (LAT) | 2:13.85 NR | Silver Hein (EST) | 2:19.42 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 50 m butterfly | Kregor Zirk (EST) | 24.66 | Daniel Zaitsev (EST) | 24.96 | Pāvels Vilcāns (LAT) | 25.36 |
| 100 m butterfly | Daniel Zaitsev (EST) | 56.21 | Pāvels Kondrahins (LAT) | 56.77 | Sander Paavo (EST) | 57.14 |
| 200 m butterfly | Kregor Zirk (EST) | 2:05.46 | Pāvels Kondrahins (LAT) | 2:11.11 | Sander Paavo (EST) | 2:11.57 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 200 m individual medley | Povilas Strazdas (LTU) | 2:05.23 | Silver Hein (EST) | 2:09.82 | Erikas Kapocius (LTU) | 2:10.55 |
| 400 m individual medley | Erikas Kapocius (LTU) | 4:36.67 | Daniils Bobrovs (LAT) | 4:39.60 | Silver Hein (EST) | 4:40.27 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 4×100 m freestyle relay | Latvia | 3:31.18 | Estonia | 3:31.97 | Lithuania | 3:33.41 |
| 4×100 m medley relay | Estonia | 3:24.13 | Latvia | 3:27.19 | Lithuania | 3:27.21 |

### Women's events

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 50 m freestyle | Gabriela Ņikitina (LAT) | 26.41 | Diana Jarusevičiūtė (LTU) | 26.66 | Kertu Ly Alnek (EST) | 26.72 |
| 100 m freestyle | Kertu Ly Alnek (EST) | 57.31 | Gabriela Ņikitina (LAT) | 57.51 | Diana Jarusevičiūtė (LTU) | 58.57 |
| 200 m freestyle | Ilona Maide (EST) | 2:08.82 | Greta Gataveckaite (LTU) | 2:10.22 | Agnese Patrīcija Ozola (LAT) | 2:10.91 |
| 400 m freestyle | Greta Gataveckaite (LTU) | 4:36.92 | Agnese Patrīcija Ozola (LAT) | 4:39.22 | Ema Balčiute (LTU) | 4:41.49 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 50 m backstroke | Ieva Maluka (LAT) | 30.10 | Margaret Markvardt (EST) | 30.28 | Sigrid Sepp (EST) | 30.34 |
| 100 m backstroke | Arina Baikova (LAT) | 1:03.70 | Veronika Olem (EST) | 1:04.71 | Sigrid Sepp (EST) | 1:04.72 |
| 200 m backstroke | Veronika Olem (EST) | 2:18.56 | Sigrid Sepp (EST) | 2:19.46 | Arina Baikova (LAT) | 2:23.50 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 50 m breaststroke | Maria Romanjuk (EST) | 32.04 | Agnė Šeleikaitė (LTU) | 32.41 | Dana Kolidzeja (LAT) | 32.66 |
| 100 m breaststroke | Maria Romanjuk (EST) | 1:09.64 | Agne Seleikaite (LTU) | 1:12.91 | Karleen Kersa (EST) | 1:14.77 |
| 200 m breaststroke | Maria Romanjuk (EST) | 2:31.29 | Agne Seleikaite (LTU) | 2:42.65 | Goda Overlingaite (LTU) | 2:44.22 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 50 m butterfly | Gabriela Ņikitina (LAT) | 27.53 | Kertu Ly Alnek (EST) | 27.84 | Diana Jaruseviciute (LTU) | 28.07 |
| 100 m butterfly | Gabriela Ņikitina (LAT) | 1:02.72 | Margaret Markvardt (EST) | 1:02.97 | Dominyka Rapsyte (LTU) | 1:05.96 |
| 200 m butterfly | Dominyka Rapsyte (LTU) | 2:27.60 | Jekaterina Troca (LAT) | 2:43.18 | *No more competitors* | |
|  | | | | | | |
| 200 m individual medley | Margaret Markvardt (EST) | 2:21.53 | Arina Baikova (LAT) | 2:22.66 | Erika Martisiute (LTU) | 2:26.17 |
| 400 m individual medley | Ieva Jaceviciute (LTU) | 5:07.08 | Erika Martisiute (LTU) | 5:16.55 | Viktorija Gracova (LAT) | 5:22.31 |
|  | | | | | | |
| 4×100 m freestyle relay | Lithuania | 3:57.62 | Latvia | 3:57.80 | *Estonia was disqualified* | |
| 4×100 m medley relay | Estonia | 4:15.09 | Lithuania | 4:22.11 | Latvia | 4:23.35 |

## InfoBox

| 2017 Baltic States Swimming Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Host city | Riga, Latvia |
| Date(s) | March 31 – April 1 |
| 2016 2018 | |


title: Say Something (Timbaland song)

abstract: "Say Something" is a song recorded by American producer Timbaland, for his third studio album Shock Value II (2009). The song features vocals from Canadian rapper Drake. It was written by Mosley, Jerome Harmon, Graham, Timothy Clayton and John Maultsby. The production was helmed by Mosley under his stage-name Timbaland while Harmon served as the assistant producer, under the stage-name Jroc. The song was tailored to Drake's sound and when the rapper wrote to it, he contacted the producer about the lyrics. Despite the verses feeling more like Graham's record, Mosley gave his blessing and went the product. The song was solicited to digital retailers on November 3, 2009 in the United States as the album's second single. "Say Something" is an electro-rap song with a slow-moving beat and feel. Lyrically, it portrays an interaction between Graham and a woman and the awkward feel to it, that is influenced by past events that occurred between them. "Say Something" garnered generally mixed reviews from music critics; many of them praised it as a "radio hit" but felt it fared worse than Drake's previous works and believed it highlighted Timbaland's weaknesses as a vocalist. Since its domestic release, the song has reached number twenty-three on the Billboard Hot 100, standing as the second highest charting single from Shock Value II in the United States. The music video for the song was directed by Paul "Coy" Allen features appearances from Sebastian, D.O.E., Attitude and DJ Freestyle Steve.

text:
# Say Something (Timbaland song)

**"Say Something"** is a song recorded by American producer Timbaland, for his third studio album *Shock Value II* (2009). The song features vocals from Canadian rapper Drake. It was written by Mosley, Jerome Harmon, Graham, Timothy Clayton and John Maultsby. The production was helmed by Mosley under his stage-name Timbaland while Harmon served as the assistant producer, under the stage-name Jroc. The song was tailored to Drake's sound and when the rapper wrote to it, he contacted the producer about the lyrics. Despite the verses feeling more like Graham's record, Mosley gave his blessing and went the product. The song was solicited to digital retailers on November 3, 2009 in the United States as the album's second single.

"Say Something" is an electro-rap song with a slow-moving beat and feel. Lyrically, it portrays an interaction between Graham and a woman and the awkward feel to it, that is influenced by past events that occurred between them. "Say Something" garnered generally mixed reviews from music critics; many of them praised it as a "radio hit" but felt it fared worse than Drake's previous works and believed it highlighted Timbaland's weaknesses as a vocalist. Since its domestic release, the song has reached number twenty-three on the *Billboard* Hot 100, standing as the second highest charting single from *Shock Value II* in the United States. The music video for the song was directed by Paul "Coy" Allen features appearances from Sebastian, D.O.E., Attitude and DJ Freestyle Steve.

## Background and composition

"Say Something" was written by Timothy Mosley, Jerome Harmon, Aubrey Graham, Timothy Clayton and John Maultsby. The production of the song was helmed by Mosley under his stage-name Timbaland and by Harmon under his stage-name Jroc; the latter is credited as the co-producer. The pairing of Timbaland and Drake came about through a discussion between Mosley and Jay-Z. In an interview with Shaheem Reed of MTV News, Mosley quoted him saying "'Yo, man, you gonna wanna get in the studio with this guy named Drake. I'm telling you. He's the next cat.'" Mosley, Graham, and Harmon have collaborated on "Off That", featured on Jay-Z's eleventh studio album *The Blueprint 3* (2009). Timbaland stated that he was impressed by Drake because of his tone, saying "His tone is ridiculous right now. I love his tone."

Mosley created the music behind the song and presented it to Drake for his approval. He told the Canadian rapper how it would be tailored to his type of music, but expressed his certainty with how it would sound. In a different interview with Reed for the same publication, Drake explained: "So he sent me the beat. I loved the beat. It had that spark to it. That emotion. It moved." Graham also explained that he came up with the song's concept of "how awkward it is seeing a girl that I used to talk to." He further stated: " It's almost like they see me, and they don't know what to say anymore. They may have treated me a way in the past, and it's like, 'Damn. I shouldn't have done that.' It's so many things running through my head. 'How do I approach this person now?'". He later expressed his satisfaction with record, stating: " It's an interesting concept. I'm glad that record is picking up. It was slow at first, but it's a feel-good record."

After Graham wrote to the music, he replied to Mosley, asking for his approval of the lyrics: "'I wanna make sure you like this hook. Because the way I'm rapping to it, I feel like it was my record. I had to realize this was not my record; this is a feature you want me to be on." He told him afterwards that it was Graham's record, giving his blessing for the rapper taking over the song. Chris Godbey recorded and mixed the song at No Excuses Studios in Santa Monica, California with Matt Bang serving as the assistant engineer. "Say Something" is an electro-rap song that runs for 4 minutes and 1 second and is built upon a synthesized beat. Shaheem Reed of MTV described the beat as "buoyant" and the song to be "built for the party". Lyrically, it is about a famous man who makes plenty of money, but neglects to spend enough quality time with his girl.

## Release and reception

"Say Something" was serviced to digital retailers in the United States on November 3, 2009 and was solicited to urban radios in the United States more than two months later on January 12, 2010. It entered the *Billboard* Hot 100 on January 23, 2010 at number eighty seven. It later went on to peak at number twenty-three in the last week of March and lasted a total of twenty weeks on the chart. The song also reached the summit of the Rap Songs and R&B/Hip-Hop Songs component charts.

### Critical reception

Steve Jones of *USA Today* named it one of the album's best tracks. Will Hines of *Consequence of Sound* expressed a different opinion about the song, but commented that it is "marginally more convincing \[than "Carry Out"\], but Drake fares better with his usual formula." Andy Hermann of *Metromix New York* labeled it "bland electro-rap" and called it "a waste of Drake’s considerable talents". Luke Gibson of *HipHop DX* called it "a song that will have the radio salivating." Henry Yanney of SoulCulture praised "Say Something" as one that people "will be undoubtedly drawn to". In his review of the album, he also noted that the song highlights Timbaland's weakness as an artist, writing that "Timbo’s verse feels lethargic and unnecessary". Brian Linder of *IGN* writes, "It amps things up a bit, but by the time it rolls around you'll be ready to skip ahead looking for a truly hot track." Ben Norman of *About.com* commented that the song was a strong example of how Timbaland's voice sounds "awkward and counterproductive" in the album's array of singers and musicians.

## Music video

The music video was released on December 8, 2009. It was directed by Paul "Coy" Allen who directed "Morning After Dark", and "If We Ever Meet Again". Model Keyshia Dior makes an appearance in the video. Sebastian, D.O.E., Attitude and DJ Freestyle Steve also make brief cameos in the video.

## Track listing

**CD Single (Australia)**

1. "Say Something" (Album Version) (Feat. Drake) – 4:01
2. "Say Something" (Remix) (Feat. Chris Brown) – 4:15

## Remixes

There are a number of remixes for the song:

1. "Say Something" (Original Version) (Feat. Drake)
2. "Say Something" (Remix) (feat. Drake, Chris Brown and Bow Wow)
3. "Say Something" (Female Version) Rasheeda (Feat. Nivea)

**Digital download EP**

1. "Say Something" (Album Version) (Feat. Drake) – 4:01
2. "Say Something" (Acapella) (Feat. Drake) – 3:47
3. "Say Something" (Instrumental) – 4:01
4. "Say Something" (Video) – 4:05

Lupe Fiasco, Fabolous & Young Jeezy also did freestyles of the song on their mixtapes.

American rapper Flo Rida did a freestyle that was dedicated to Haiti for his Green Tea Mixtape

## Credits and personnel

Credits taken from the liner notes of *Shock Value*, Mosley Music Group, Blackground Records, Interscope Records.

**Recording and mixing**

**Personnel**

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 23 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 1 |
| US Rap Songs (*Billboard*) | 1 |
| US Rhythmic (*Billboard*) | 5 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2010) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 85 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 14 |
| US Rhythmic (*Billboard*) | 29 |

## InfoBox

| "Say Something" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Timbaland featuring Drake | |
| from the album  *Shock Value II* | |
| Released | November 3, 2009 |
| Recorded | 2009 |
| Studio | Santa Monica, California
(No Excuses Studios) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 4:00 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Timbaland * J-Roc |
| Timbaland singles chronology | |
| "Morning After Dark"
(2009) "**Say Something**"
(2009) "Carry Out"
(2009) | |
|  | |
| Drake singles chronology | |
| "BedRock"
(2009) "**Say Something**"
(2009) "4 My Town (Play Ball)"
(2009) | |
| Music video | |
| "Say Something" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: John the Baptist Mountains

abstract: The John the Baptist Mountains are a small mountain range in western Pima County, Arizona, approximately 8.5 miles (13.7 km) southwest of the town of Ajo, Arizona. The range is approximately three miles (4.8 km) long and about one mile (1.6 km) wide at its widest point. The highpoint of the range is 2,161 feet above sea level and is located at 32°15'24"N, 112°54'24"W. The bulk of the range lies on lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management and a small portion extends westward into the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge. The range is named after John C. Butala, a hermit who lived for a number of years in a shack on the range's eastern side. Butala was born in 1880, and served in the Spanish–American War with the 15th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He chose to spend the last decades of his life as a hermit living in the desert. There was some belief locally that he had been shell shocked during his military service, but that is not confirmed. He was known as an eccentric with long matted hair, and most of the year he would wear only tennis shoes and a loincloth made from gunnysacks. He was also known for feeding and befriending a variety of desert wildlife around his camp, and some became so tame that they would eat out of his hand. It is likely that the nickname of "John the Baptist" derived from this behavior and his appearance as a wild-eyed desert prophet. Despite his eccentric ways, he was known for his mechanical and engineering abilities, and he would regularly be summoned into town to repair automobiles and heavy equipment at the New Cornelia Mine. Later in life he withdrew entirely from society, and died from malnutrition in 1961 at the age of 81. He is buried in Ajo.

text:
# John the Baptist Mountains

The **John the Baptist Mountains** are a small mountain range in western Pima County, Arizona, approximately 8.5 miles (13.7 km) southwest of the town of Ajo, Arizona. The range is approximately three miles (4.8 km) long and about one mile (1.6 km) wide at its widest point. The highpoint of the range is 2,161 feet above sea level and is located at 32°15'24"N, 112°54'24"W (NAD 1983 datum). The bulk of the range lies on lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management and a small portion extends westward into the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge.

The range is named after John C. Butala, a hermit who lived for a number of years in a shack on the range's eastern side. Butala was born in 1880, and served in the Spanish–American War with the 15th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He chose to spend the last decades of his life as a hermit living in the desert. There was some belief locally that he had been shell shocked during his military service, but that is not confirmed. He was known as an eccentric with long matted hair, and most of the year he would wear only tennis shoes and a loincloth made from gunnysacks. He was also known for feeding and befriending a variety of desert wildlife around his camp, and some became so tame that they would eat out of his hand. It is likely that the nickname of "John the Baptist" derived from this behavior and his appearance as a wild-eyed desert prophet. Despite his eccentric ways, he was known for his mechanical and engineering abilities, and he would regularly be summoned into town to repair automobiles and heavy equipment at the New Cornelia Mine. Later in life he withdrew entirely from society, and died from malnutrition in 1961 at the age of 81. He is buried in Ajo.

32°15′24″N 112°54′23″W / 32.2567264°N 112.9062668°W / 32.2567264; -112.9062668


title: Cartel de Santa

abstract: Cartel de Santa is a Mexican hip hop group from Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, Mexico, founded by Hector Montaño and Ronaldo Sifuentes. The band started playing in 1996 as part of the Avanzada Regia musical movement and Artilleria Pesada. Currently composed by Eduardo Davalos de Luna, also known as MC Babo or Babo, Rowan Rabia (beatmaker) and DJ Agustín. They have been referred to as one of the most notable Mexican hip-hop groups.

text:
# Cartel de Santa

**Cartel de Santa** is a Mexican hip hop group from Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, Mexico, founded by Hector Montaño and Ronaldo Sifuentes. The band started playing in 1996 as part of the Avanzada Regia musical movement and Artilleria Pesada. Currently composed by Eduardo Davalos de Luna, also known as MC Babo or Babo (lead vocals), Rowan Rabia (beatmaker) and DJ Agustín (only in live shows). They have been referred to as one of the most notable Mexican hip-hop groups.

## History

### 1996–2003: Beginnings and self-titled debut album

Cartel de Santa started playing in 1996, when MC Babo and some friends began singing improvised rap songs.

The group became famous in 2003, when the band released their debut self-titled album. The album includes hits such as "Perros", "Todas Mueren por Mí" and "La Pelotona". The album was produced by Jason Roberts who had previously worked with artists such as Cypress Hill, Ice Cube, House of Pain, Guns N' Roses, Control Machete, and Plastilina Mosh. This contributed to the fame of the band.

That same year, the group released a video clip of the song "Perros". This video was broadcast across Latin America on MTV.

### 2004–2007: *Vol. II* and *Volumen ProIIIbido*

A year later, in 2004, a new album was released, *Vol. 2*, which included hits as "Blah, blah, blah", "La Llamada" and "El Arte del Engaño". *Cartel de Santa Vol. 2* counted with the collaboration of other artists, such as Tego Calderón, in "Conexión Puerto Rico", and Mr. Pomel, in "Crónica Babilonia".

In 2007, Cartel de Santa recorded its third album, named *Volumen ProIIIbido*. It included the single "Cheka Wey" featuring female hip-hop artist Mery Dee. A few months after the album release, the lead vocalist, Babo, was arrested for the killing of a fellow band member. During a confrontation with Juan Miguel Chávez, an old rival, on the street, Babo shot a warning shot, which instead hit former band member Ulises. Eduardo Dávalos, Babo, turned himself in to the Ministerial Police of Nuevo Leon state. He later wrote a song about the incident while in prison in which he expresses his regret over the killing of Ulises. The band released a compilation album, *Cartel de Santa, Greatest Hits*, aimed at raising funds to be used to set the vocalist free. MC Babo was liberated from prison nine months later, with help of Sony Music, after the group paid about 130,000 pesos as bail.

### 2008–2013: *Vol. IV* and *Sincopa*

In February 2008, the band released its fourth album, *Vol. IV*. Some of the songs recount Babo's memories during the months he was in prison. The album was meant as a message to fans that "*el Cartel*" would keep making music. The first single of this album was "Hay mamita" which also has a music videoclip.

In March 2010, Babo announced on the band's Myspace the release of another album. The fifth album was released in May 2010 with the name *Vol. V: Sincopa*. Like their last work, *Volume V* showed a better sound and beats quality. Cartel de Santa was nominated for the Latin Grammys as a result of their new release.

### 2014–present: *Golpe Avisa* and *Viejo Marihuano*

The group's sixth album, *Golpe Avisa* was released on August 5, 2014, by Sony Music Entertainment. This work is the group's first studio album released after the departure of rapper MC Dharius. The album features collaborations with Campa, Da Fucking Draw, Big Man and Millonario. The song "Me alegro de su odio" had originally been released with vocal work from then group member Dharius in June 2013. However, after the rapper's decision to leave the group, this subject had to be re-recorded to include it in the album. This reissued theme was never released as a single.

On 3 October 2016, Cartel de Santa released their seventh album *Viejo Marihuano*, with the singles "Mucha Marihuana" and "Soy Quien soy". It was published by Babilonia Music, S.A. De C.V. In 2017, the group received a gold record in Mexico for reaching 100,000 sales of the album.

## Controversy

In April 2007, MC Babo turned himself in to Mexican police officials claiming that he accidentally shot and killed his fellow group member. While at a house in Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, MC Babo learned that a formal rival was headed to the home to settle a dispute. He then proceeded to shoot Juan Miguel Chavez Pimentel, known as *El Micky*, in the leg upon his arrival. Babo claimed that one of the shots from his .38 revolver ricocheted off of the floor and hit his friend Ulises 'Buenrostro', killing him. In January 2008, Babo was released from jail after nine months incarceration, after the group paid a bail of about 130,000 pesos.

In May 2018, nude photographs of MC Babo were published on the internet.

## Discography

### Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected details, chart positions and certifications
| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | | | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | MEX
 | US
Latin
 | US
Rap
 | |
| *Cartel de Santa* |  |  |  |  |  |
| *Vol. II* | * Released: December 7, 2004 * Label: Sony BMG, Babilonia |  |  |  |  |
| *Volumen ProIIIbido* | * Released: March 20, 2006 * Label: Sony BMG, Babilonia |  |  |  |  |
| *Vol. IV* | * Released: February 20, 2008 * Label: Sony BMG, Babilonia | 22 |  |  |  |
| *Sincopa* | * Released: May 25, 2010 * Label: Sony BMG, Babilonia | 9 | 67 |  |  |
| *Golpe Avisa* | * Released: August 5, 2014 * Label: Babilonia, Sony Music | 5 | 4 | 16 | * AMPROFON: 2× Platinum+Gold |
| *Viejo Marihuano* | * Released: November 18, 2016 * Label: Babilonia, Sony Music | 12 | 2 | 18 | * AMPROFON: Platinum |
|

### Compilation albums

* *Cartel de Santa, Casa Babilonia presentan: Los Mixtapes* (2006)
* *Cartel de Santa, Greatest Hits* (2007)
* *Casa Babilonia Records: Compilado* (2008)
* *Casa Rifa: Demos* (2009)
* *Sincopa 5.1* (2011)

### Soundtrack albums

* *Los Jefes (Banda Sonora de la Película)* (2015)

### Live albums

* *Me Atizo Macizo Tour (En Vivo)* (2012)

### Singles

* "Pollo y Conejo" (2018)
* "Burbujas de Cristal" (2019) (with Millonario)
* "Vaya Vaya" (2020)
* "TUY" (2021) (with Alemán, Millonario, and Adán Cruz)
* "Piensa en Mi" (2023)
* "Shorty Party" (2023) (with La Kelly)
* "Pablito y el Pelon" (2023) (with Pablito Calavera)

## InfoBox

| Cartel de Santa | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Santa Catarina, Nuevo Leon, Mexico |
| Genres | Latin hip hop |
| Years active | 1996–present |
| Labels | Babilonia, Sony Music |
|  | |
| Members | Eduardo Dávalos de Luna (Babo)
Rowan Rabia (Mono) |
|  | |
| Past members | Dharius |
|  | |
| Website | Official site |


title: Cellulose-polysulfatase

abstract: The enzyme cellulose-polysulfatase catalyzes hydrolysis of the 2- and 3-sulfate groups of the polysulfates of cellulose and charonin. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on sulfuric ester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is cellulose-sulfate sulfohydrolase.

text:
# Cellulose-polysulfatase

The enzyme **cellulose-polysulfatase** (EC 3.1.6.7) catalyzes hydrolysis of the 2- and 3-sulfate groups of the polysulfates of cellulose and charonin.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on sulfuric ester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is **cellulose-sulfate sulfohydrolase**.

## InfoBox

| Cellulose-polysulfatase | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| EC no. | 3.1.6.7 |
| CAS no. | 9025-58-5 |
| Databases | |
| IntEnz | IntEnz view |
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry |
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view |
| KEGG | KEGG entry |
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway |
| PRIAM | profile |
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
| Search  PMC articles  PubMed articles  NCBI proteins | |


title: The Good Life (play)

abstract: The Good Life is a play by Jeremy Sams based on the BBC sitcom of the same name written by Bob Larbey and John Esmonde.

text:
# The Good Life (play)

***The Good Life*** is a play by Jeremy Sams based on the BBC sitcom of the same name written by Bob Larbey and John Esmonde.

## Production

The play opened at the Theatre Royal, Bath on the 7th October 2021 before embarking on a UK tour that lasted until December. It was directed by Sams and starred Rufus Hound as Tom Good, Preeya Kalidas as Margo Leadbetter, Dominic Rowan as Jerry Leadbetter and Sally Tatum as Barbara Good.

## Cast

| Character | UK Tour (2021) |
| --- | --- |
| Tom Good | Rufus Hound |
| Margo Leadbetter | Preeya Kalidas |
| Jerry Leadbetter | Dominic Rowan |
| Barbara Good | Sally Tatum |
| "Sir" aka Andrew Ferguson, Harry the Pigman, Policeman and Dr Joe | Nigel Betts |
| Felicity Ferguson, Milkwoman and Mary the Receptionist | Tessa Churchard |

## InfoBox

| The Good Life | |
| --- | --- |
| Written by | Jeremy Sams (play)<br>Bob Larbery and John Esmonde (TV series) |
| Date premiered | 7 October 2021 |
| Place premiered | Theatre Royal, Bath |
| Original language | English |
| Genre | Comedy |


title: 2017 Baltimore Brigade season

abstract: The 2017 Baltimore Brigade season was the first season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The Brigade played at the Royal Farms Arena.

text:
# 2017 Baltimore Brigade season

The **2017 Baltimore Brigade season** was the first season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The Brigade played at the Royal Farms Arena.

## Staff

**2017 Baltimore Brigade staff**
|  | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Front office** |  |  | **Coaches** |

## Roster

**2017 Baltimore Brigade roster**
| **Quarterbacks** **Fullbacks**
**Wide receivers** |  | **Offensive linemen** **Defensive linemen** |  | **Linebackers** **Defensive backs**
**Kickers** |  | **Injured reserve** **Other league exempt**
**League suspension**
**Refused to report**
**Inactive reserve**
**Recallable reassignment**
* *currently vacant*  *rookies in italics*
Roster updated August 3, 2017
25 Active, 14 Inactive |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|

## Schedule

### Regular season

The 2017 regular season schedule was released on January 5, 2017.

| Week | Day | Date | Kickoff | Opponent | Results | | Location | Attendance | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | | Score | Record | | | |
| **1** | Friday | April 7 | 7:00 PM EDT | at Washington Valor | **L** 38–51 | 0–1 | Verizon Center | 15,579 |  |
| **2** | Sunday | April 16 | 3:00 PM EDT | at Cleveland Gladiators | **W** 52–49 | 1–1 | Quicken Loans Arena | 5,758 |  |
| **3** | *Bye* | | | | | | | | |
| **4** | Saturday | April 29 | 7:00 PM EDT | at Philadelphia Soul | **L** 34–69 | 1–2 | Wells Fargo Center | 11,833 |  |
| **5** | Sunday | May 7 | 1:00 PM EDT | Tampa Bay Storm | **L** 55–62 | 1–3 | Royal Farms Arena | 5,915 |  |
| **6** | Saturday | May 13 | 7:00 PM EDT | at Philadelphia Soul | **L** 56–61 | 1–4 | Wells Fargo Center | 9,857 |  |
| **7** | *Bye* | | | | | | | | |
| **8** | Saturday | May 27 | 7:00 PM EDT | Cleveland Gladiators | **W** 63–60 | 2–4 | Royal Farms Arena | 5,190 |  |
| **9** | Saturday | June 3 | 7:00 PM EDT | at Tampa Bay Storm | **L** 35–47 | 2–5 | Amalie Arena | 9,880 |  |
| **10** | *Bye* | | | | | | | | |
| **11** | Friday | June 16 | 7:00 PM EDT | at Cleveland Gladiators | **L** 48–59 | 2–6 | Quicken Loans Arena | 10,877 |  |
| **12** | Friday | June 23 | 7:00 PM EDT | Washington Valor | **W** 51–41 | 3–6 | Royal Farms Arena | 6,095 |  |
| **13** | *Bye* | | | | | | | | |
| **14** | Saturday | July 8 | 7:00 PM EDT | Philadelphia Soul | **W** 49–42 | 4–6 | Royal Farms Arena | 5,990 |  |
| **15** | Saturday | July 15 | 7:00 PM EDT | Tampa Bay Storm | **L** 56–69 | 4–7 | Royal Farms Arena | 5,153 |  |
| **16** | Saturday | July 22 | 7:00 PM EDT | at Washington Valor | **L** 30–34 | 4–8 | Verizon Center | 10,266 |  |
| **17** | Saturday | July 29 | 1:00 PM EDT | Philadelphia Soul | **L** 21–70 | 4–9 | Royal Farms Arena | 5,327 |  |
| **18** | Friday | August 4 | 7:00 PM EDT | Washington Valor | **L** 35–41 | 4–10 | Royal Farms Arena | 6,089 |  |

### Playoffs

| Round | Day | Date | Kickoff | Opponent | Results | Location | Attendance | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AFL Semifinals | Saturday | August 12 | 4:00 PM EDT | at Philadelphia Soul | **L** 54–69 | Wells Fargo Center | 9,287 |  |

## Standings

|  | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | Overall | | | Points | | Records | | | |
| | W | L | PCT | PF | PA | Home | Away | GB | STK |
| (1)Philadelphia Soul | 13 | 1 | .929 | 817 | 590 | 7–0 | 6–1 |  | W3 |
| (2)Tampa Bay Storm | 10 | 4 | .714 | 710 | 662 | 6–1 | 4–3 | 3.0 | L1 |
| (3)Cleveland Gladiators | 5 | 9 | .357 | 696 | 715 | 3–4 | 2–5 | 8.0 | W1 |
| (4)Baltimore Brigade | 4 | 10 | .286 | 620 | 749 | 3–4 | 1–6 | 9.0 | L4 |
| Washington Valor | 3 | 11 | .214 | 565 | 692 | 2–5 | 1–6 | 10.0 | W1 |

(#) \- playoff position secured

## InfoBox

| 2017 Baltimore Brigade season | |
| --- | --- |
| Owner | Monumental Sports & Entertainment |
| Head coach | Omarr Smith |
| Home field | Royal Farms Arena |
| Results | |
| Record | 4–10 |
| League place | 4th |
| Playoff finish | Lost Semifinals 54–69 (Soul) |
|


title: Savenaca Taga

abstract: Savenaca Taga is a Fijian former professional rugby league footballer who represented Fiji at the 1995 World Cup.

text:
# Savenaca Taga

**Savenaca Taga** is a Fijian former professional rugby league footballer who represented Fiji at the 1995 World Cup.

## Playing career

Taga was selected for Fiji for the 1995 World Cup and played in all three matches. In 1996 he played for Fiji against Australia during the Super League war.

## InfoBox

Savenaca Taga
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Fiji |
| Playing information | |
| Position | Halfback |
| Representative  Years Team Pld T G FG P  1995–1996 Fiji 4 1 6 0 16 | |
| Source: | |


title: John the Baptist Monument

abstract: The John the Baptist Monument is a 19.8-meter (62.3 ft) concrete statue in downtown San Juan de los Morros, Guárico state, Venezuela, erected in honor of John the Baptist. Commonly called San Juanote, it's one of the highest statues in Venezuela. It was built by the command of Venezuelan dictator Juan Vicente Gómez in 1933 as a present to the city when it was declared the capital of Guárico State. The monument was carved in the hills of Calabozo and moved to San Juan in 1935. San Juan de los Morros and its monument to the Baptist are located in a large geographical area which contact the foothills of the central Venezuelan Coastal Range and lowlands region of the Venezuelan Llanos. Sanjuanote sits atop the El Calvario hill, a small promontory in the center of the city. The statue is surrounded by concrete lions and old cannons that serve as gatekeepers in a symbolic protective attitude around the monument.

text:
# John the Baptist Monument

The ***John the Baptist Monument*** is a 19.8-meter (62.3 ft) concrete statue in downtown San Juan de los Morros, Guárico state, Venezuela, erected in honor of John the Baptist. Commonly called ***San Juanote***, it's one of the highest statues in Venezuela. It was built by the command of Venezuelan dictator Juan Vicente Gómez in 1933 as a present to the city when it was declared the capital of Guárico State. The monument was carved in the hills of Calabozo and moved to San Juan in 1935.

San Juan de los Morros and its monument to the Baptist are located in a large geographical area which contact the foothills of the central Venezuelan Coastal Range and lowlands region of the Venezuelan Llanos.

Sanjuanote sits atop the *El Calvario* hill, a small promontory in the center of the city. The statue is surrounded by concrete lions and old cannons that serve as gatekeepers in a symbolic protective attitude around the monument.

## InfoBox

*John the Baptist Monument*
| Monumento a San Juan Bautista | |
| --- | --- |
| The monument in June, 2008 | |
|  | |
| 9°20′53″N 70°27′50″W / 9.34806°N 70.46389°W / 9.34806; -70.46389 | |
| Location | San Juan de los Morros, Guárico, Venezuela |
| Type | statue |
| Material | Concrete |
| Height | 19.8 m (62.3ft) |
| Beginning date | 1933 |
| Completion date | 1935 |
| Opening date | December 21, 1935 |


title: Cartel de Santa (album)

abstract: Cartel de Santa is the debut studio album from Mexican hip hop group Cartel de Santa. It was released in 2003 by Sony BMG. The album is mixed up by various element sounds such as funk, rock and heavy metal.

text:
# Cartel de Santa (album)

***Cartel de Santa*** is the debut studio album from Mexican hip hop group Cartel de Santa. It was released in 2003 by Sony BMG. The album is mixed up by various element sounds such as funk, rock and heavy metal.

## Track listing

1. Intro
2. Todas Mueren Por Mí
3. Asesinos de Asesinos - contains sample from "1, 2 Pass It" by D&D AllStars
4. Cannabis
5. Jake Mate (ft. Sick Jacken)
6. Rima 1
7. Burreros
8. Perros
9. Quinto Elemento
10. Rima 2
11. NTN
12. La Pelotona
13. Rima 3
14. Super MC's (ft. Real Academia de La Rima)
15. En Mi Ciudad
16. Para Aquí o Para Llevar
17. Chinga Los Racistas (ft. Tavo Limongi)
18. Rima 4
19. Factor Miedo
20. Intenta Rimar (instrumental)

## InfoBox

| Cartel de Santa | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Cartel de Santa | |
| Released | 2003 |
| Recorded | 2002–2003 |
| Genre | Mexican rap, gangsta rap, rap metal, rap rock |
| Label | Sony BMG |
| Producer | Jason Roberts |
| Cartel de Santa chronology | |
| ***Cartel de Santa***
(2003) *Vol. II*
(2004) | |


title: Charles Maule Ramsay

abstract: Lieutenant-Colonel the Honourable Charles Maule Ramsay was a British army officer and briefly a Liberal Unionist Member of Parliament (MP).

text:
# Charles Maule Ramsay

Lieutenant-Colonel the Honourable **Charles Maule Ramsay** (27 January 1859 – 7 April 1936) was a British army officer and briefly a Liberal Unionist Member of Parliament (MP).

## Personal life

He was the youngest son of the 12th Earl of Dalhousie, an admiral in the Royal Navy, and his wife Sarah née Roberts. He obtained a commission as an officer in the Royal Artillery, but retired from the army at a young age.

He moved to the United States where he took up ranching, and married in 1885 Martha Estelle Garrison, of New York, granddaughter of C. K. Garrison. He later unsuccessfully took part in the Klondike Gold Rush in the Yukon Territory.

He returned to Scotland where he became an officer in the Forfar and Kincardine Artillery Militia, rising to be its Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant in 1906. He was a major landlord in the area having inherited a large estate in Forfarshire. In 1894, he was chosen as Liberal Unionist candidate to contest a parliamentary by-election in Forfarshire in November 1894. The vacancy was caused when the sitting Liberal MP, Sir John Rigby was appointed a Lord Justice of Appeal. The Liberals had chosen a London-based stockbroker as their candidate in preference to a local businessman, Martin White, a decision that led to many voters switching their allegiance to Ramsay, who gained the seat. He held the seat for only a few months, as he was defeated by White at the subsequent general election in 1895.

With the outbreak of the First World War Ramsay returned to active service. Following the ending of the conflict he devoted himself to voluntary work supporting the Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes.

C M Ramsay had no children, and became a widower in 1904. He died in London in April 1936 aged 77.


title: Reinke crystals

abstract: Reinke crystals are rod-like cytoplasmic inclusions which can be found in Leydig cells of the testes. Occurring only in adult humans and wild bush rats, their function is unknown. Ovarian stromal tumors having a predominant pattern of fibroma or thecoma but also containing cells typical of steroid hormone-secreting cells were reported. Some of the tumors were classified as luteinized thecomas because the steroid cells resembled lutein cells and lacked crystalloids of Reinke. Others were classified as stromal Leydig cell tumors as seen in tumors of the testes because Reinke crystalloids were identified in the steroid cells. The stromal Leydig tumors occurred at an average age of 61 years and were associated with ovarian hyperandrogenism which led to virilization in some cases, endometrial hyperplasia in other cases, and endometrial hyperplasia with carcinoma in the rest of the cases. Luteinized thecomas and stromal Leydig cell tumors are indistinguishable except for the presence of crystalloids of Reinke in the latter. In view of the prolonged search that is necessary to find these structures in some stromal Leydig cell tumors and their well-known absence in the majority of testicular Leydig cell tumors, it is reasonable to assume that an unknown proportion of tumors in the luteinized thecoma category are unrecognized stromal Leydig cell tumors. Another ovarian tumor where Reinke crystalloids were noted is the Brenner tumour, an epithelial-stromal ovarian tumor distinguishable by nests of transitional epithelial cells (urothelial) with longitudinal nuclear grooves in abundant fibrous stroma. Also recall that the "coffee bean nuclei" are the nuclear grooves exceptionally pathognomonic to the sex cord stromal tumor, the ovarian granulosa cell tumor, with the fluid-filled spaces Call–Exner bodies between the granulosa cells. They are large enough to be seen in an optical microscope and can be visualized using Giemsa, trichrome, Gram, and PAS stains. Reinke crystals are rare in normal testes, but are found in approximately one third of all Leydig cell tumours. These crystals are named after the German anatomist Friedrich Berthold Reinke.

text:
# Reinke crystals

**Reinke crystals** are rod-like cytoplasmic inclusions which can be found in Leydig cells of the testes. Occurring only in adult humans and wild bush rats, their function is unknown.

Ovarian stromal tumors having a predominant pattern of fibroma or thecoma but also containing cells typical of steroid hormone-secreting cells were reported. Some of the tumors were classified as luteinized thecomas because the steroid cells resembled lutein cells and lacked crystalloids of Reinke. Others were classified as stromal Leydig cell tumors as seen in tumors of the testes because Reinke crystalloids were identified in the steroid cells. The stromal Leydig tumors occurred at an average age of 61 years and were associated with ovarian hyperandrogenism which led to virilization in some cases, endometrial hyperplasia in other cases, and endometrial hyperplasia with carcinoma in the rest of the cases. Luteinized thecomas and stromal Leydig cell tumors are indistinguishable except for the presence of crystalloids of Reinke in the latter. In view of the prolonged search that is necessary to find these structures in some stromal Leydig cell tumors and their well-known absence in the majority of testicular Leydig cell tumors, it is reasonable to assume that an unknown proportion of tumors in the luteinized thecoma category are unrecognized stromal Leydig cell tumors.

Another ovarian tumor where Reinke crystalloids were noted is the Brenner tumour, an epithelial-stromal ovarian tumor distinguishable by nests of transitional epithelial cells (urothelial) with longitudinal nuclear grooves (coffee bean nuclei) in abundant fibrous stroma.

Also recall that the "coffee bean nuclei" are the nuclear grooves exceptionally pathognomonic to the sex cord stromal tumor, the ovarian granulosa cell tumor, with the fluid-filled spaces Call–Exner bodies between the granulosa cells.

They are large enough to be seen in an optical microscope and can be visualized using Giemsa, trichrome, Gram, and PAS stains. Reinke crystals are rare in normal testes, but are found in approximately one third of all Leydig cell tumours.

These crystals are named after the German anatomist Friedrich Berthold Reinke.


title: Cayuse Hills

abstract: The Cayuse Hills, el. 5,079 feet (1,548 m), is a small mountain range northeast of Big Timber, Montana in Sweet Grass County, Montana.

text:
# Cayuse Hills

The **Cayuse Hills**, el. 5,079 feet (1,548 m), is a small mountain range northeast of Big Timber, Montana in Sweet Grass County, Montana.

## InfoBox

| Cayuse Hills | |
| --- | --- |
| Cayuse Hills | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 5,079 ft (1,548 m) |
| Coordinates | 46°04′44″N 109°42′00″W / 46.07889°N 109.70000°W / 46.07889; -109.70000 |
| Geography | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Montana |


title: Rank insignia of the Guardia di Finanza

abstract: The rank insignia of the Guardia di Finanza are worn on jackets and shoulder epaulettes.

text:
# Rank insignia of the Guardia di Finanza

The **rank insignia of the Guardia di Finanza** are worn on jackets and shoulder epaulettes.

## Rank structure

### Officers

| NATO code | OF-10 | | OF-9 | | OF-8 | | OF-7 | | OF-6 | | OF-5 | | OF-4 | | OF-3 | | OF-2 | | OF-1 | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
|  | **Officers** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|  | **Generals** | | | | | | | | | | **Senior officers** | | | | | | **Junior officers** | | | | | | | |
|
Italy |  | |  | |  |  |  | |  | |  | |  | |  | |  |  |  | | |  | | |
| | *Comandante generale della Guardia di finanza1* | | *Vicecomandante generale della Guardia di finanza2* | *Generale di corpo d'armata* | *Generale di divisione* | | *Generale di brigata* | | *Colonnello* | | *Tenente colonnello* | | *Maggiore* | | *Primo capitano* | *Capitano* | *Tenente* | | | *Sottotenente* | | |
| | Corps commanding general | | Deputy corps commanding general | Corps general | Divisional general | | Brigade general | | Colonel | | Lieutenant colonel | | Major | | First captain | Captain | Lieutenant | | | Sub-lieutenant | | |
| --- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| **Notes**:
 | | | | | | | |
| 1 The duty of *"comandante generale della Guardia di finanza"* (corps commanding general) is assigned to a single *"generale di corpo d'armata"* (corps general). | | | | | | | |
| 2 The duty of *"vicecomandante generale della Guardia di finanza"* (deputy corps commanding general) is assigned to a single *"generale di corpo d'armata"* (corps general). | | | | | | | |

### Non-commissioned officers

| Sub-officers | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ratings | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Role | Inspectors | | | | | | | | | | Superintendents | | | | | | | | | Appointees and financiers | |
| NATO Code | OR-9 | | | | | | OR-8 | | | | OR-7 | | | OR-6 | | | OR-5 | | | OR-4 | |
|

epaulette

*Italian rank name*

English rank name
translation

English rank name |  | |  | |  | |  | |  | |  | | |  | | |  | | |  | |
| | *Luogotenente1
s.u.p.s.*

sub-lieutenant
s.o.p.s.

Chief Warrant Officer | | *Maresciallo
aiutante
s.u.p.s.2*

marshal
adjutant
s.o.p.s.

Command sergeant major | | *Maresciallo
capo*

chief
marshal

Sergeant major | | *Maresciallo
ordinario*

ordinary
marshal

First sergeant | | *Maresciallo*

marshal

Master sergeant | | *Brigadiere capo*

chief brigadier

Sergeant first class | | | *Brigadiere*

brigadier

Staff sergeant | | | *Vice brigadiere*

vice-brigadier

Sergeant | | | *Appuntato
scelto*

chosen
appointee

Chief Corporal *Appuntato*

appointee

Corporal *Finanziere
scelto*

chosen
financier

Customs Officer First Class *Finanziere3*

financier

Customs Officer | |
| ---  **Notes**:
1 The duty of a *sostituto ufficiale di pubblica sicurezza luogotenente* (substitute officer of public security sub-lieutenant) is not a rank but a position (or function) attributed only to NCOs with the rank of *"maresciallo aiutante"* (marshal adjutant) with at least 15 years of experience in the rank.
2 The title of *"sostituto ufficiale di pubblica sicurezza"* or *s.u.p.s.* (substitute officer of public security – s.o.p.s.) is not a rank but a position attributed only to NCOs with the rank of *"maresciallo aiutante"*.
3 A simple financier does not wear rank insignia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

* *Legislative decree 15 March 2010 n.66, ‘Code of Military Order’.*
* *NATO – STANAG 2116 ed. 6, 25 February 2010*


title: The Higgins

abstract: The Higgins are a multi-award-winning Canadian country music group from Delta, British Columbia. The Higgins comprise three siblings: John, Eileen, and Kathleen Higgins. They have charted a total of three singles on the Canadian Country Music charts, two of which were Top 15. Videos for "Flower Child", "Real Thing", and "Second Hand Car" all went to No. 3 on CMT's Chevy Cross Canada Countdown. The Higgins are songwriters as well as musicians, having written or co-written nine tracks on their national debut album Real Thing. The Higgins were nominated for CCMA Group of the Year in 2008 and 2009, and have won six BCCMA awards including Album of the Year and Group of the Year (2008). The group is best known for its vocal harmonies, and character onstage. The Higgins combine their country roots, pop influences and a Celtic family background into "their unique musical sound", and have been featured on TV shows and radio across Canada.

text:
# The Higgins

**The Higgins** are a multi-award-winning Canadian country music group from Delta, British Columbia. The Higgins comprise three siblings: John (born June 4, 1982), Eileen (born July 17, 1986), and Kathleen Higgins (born November 11, 1988). They have charted a total of three singles on the Canadian Country Music charts, two of which were Top 15. Videos for "Flower Child", "Real Thing", and "Second Hand Car" all went to No. 3 on CMT's *Chevy Cross Canada Countdown*. The Higgins are songwriters as well as musicians, having written or co-written nine tracks on their national debut album *Real Thing*. The Higgins were nominated for CCMA Group of the Year in 2008 and 2009, and have won six BCCMA awards including Album of the Year and Group of the Year (2008).

The group is best known for its vocal harmonies, and character onstage. The Higgins combine their country roots, pop influences and a Celtic family background into "their unique musical sound", and have been featured on TV shows and radio across Canada.

## Members

## Biography

### History

The Higgins grew up in Delta, British Columbia, as 3 of the 7 siblings in their Irish/Hungarian family. They began singing as young children, performing in local musicals and schools. They developed as musicians, matured as individuals, and committed their lives perfecting their music. The band's earliest incarnation included younger brother James, on drums, and their sister Mary on vocals. Mary left the group in 2005, in order to pursue other interests.

### Musical influences

The Higgins musical influences come from Emmylou Harris, Fleetwood Mac, the Dixie Chicks, The Corrs, James Taylor, Celtic, deep South traditional forms of folk, blues and country. They write, arrange and accompany themselves on a variety of both modern and traditional songs.

### Overcoming adversity

In 1998, John broke his back in a workplace accident, when a forklift crushed him in a bottle-recycling plant. It made him a wheelchair user for almost a year. Formerly a basketball hopeful, the 16-year-old had to find something else to do. A friend lent him a battered, acoustic, steel-string guitar while he was in his wheelchair, and he and his sisters taught each other to play. After John's recovery, the group worked hard on developing their distinctive sound, and discovered they had a creative skill for songwriting.

John later became a spokesperson for WorkSafeBC, an organization dedicated to workplace safety. The Higgins performed at the WorkSafeBC 50th Anniversary, in June 2008.

### Personal life

Just before their Canadian debut album, *Real Thing*, was released in June 2008, two-thirds of The Higgins had weddings. John was married in April, his new wife travelling with the group, working behind the scenes. Eileen followed suit and married in May 2008, though her new husband generally stays home while The Higgins go on tour.

In December 2008, Eileen announced on The Higgins' Myspace blog, that she and her husband Blake are expecting the birth of their first child in late February 2009. On March 1, 2009, Eileen gave birth to a girl, Lauren Marie (6 lbs 6oz).

## Awards and honors

### 2006

In September 2006, they were honored with their own star on the Merritt Mountain Music Festival's Walk of Stars, in Merritt, British Columbia, Canada. Each year the town features a giant festival of the country music industry's top performers. Past performers include Reba McEntire and Carrie Underwood.

In November 2006, The Higgins were invited to represent Canada at the Guangdong International Tourism & Cultural Festival in China. For a week, they performed in places such as the 60,000 seat capacity Tian-He Stadium, and the Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hall, in Guangzhou, China.

They also performed at the British Columbia Country Music Association Awards, after they were nominated for Country Group/Duo of the Year 2006.

### 2007

In 2007, The Higgins were nominated again with the BCCMA's, this time in 3 categories : Entertainer of The Year, Group/Duo of The Year, and the Gaylord Wood Memorial Award for traditional country performers.

### 2008

The Higgins "Flower Child" video was nominated in April 2008, for a LEO Award in the "Best Best Music Video" Category.

In September 2008, The Higgins presented at the 2008 Canadian Country Music Association Awards Show. Eileen Higgins took home a CCMA All-Star Band Award (Special Instrument Category – Mandolin), from the event. The Higgins were also nominated as CCMA Band/Duo of The Year, which later went to the songwriters of their hit single "Real Thing" : Deric Ruttan, Chris Thorsteinson and Dave Wasyliw (both of Country Group Doc Walker).

In October 2008, The Higgins won 6 BCCMA Awards : Album of the Year (Real Thing), Group of the Year, Single of the Year (Flower Child), SOCAN Song of the Year (Flower Child), Video of the Year (Stephano Barberis for Flower Child), and Roots/Canadiana Group of the Year.

2008 also brought The Higgins as nominations for a CRMA, and an Indie Award.

### 2009

In July 2009, The Higgins were nominated for 3 Canadian Country Music Associations (CCMA) Awards: Group/Duo of the Year, Roots Artist of the Year, and Eileen, for Special Instrument (Mandolin).

Their album "Real Thing" was also nominated for a 2009 Western Canadian Music Award, (Country Album of the Year).

## Media

The Higgins performed at the 4th Annual Merritt Walk of Stars Gala, in June 2007, aired on CMT. This was their third year in a row they've performed at the ceremonies.

In 2006, the group made a music video (of their song "Hey Jamie"), for the CBC Television show "Make Some Noise". Other media appearances for 2006 included, CBC, Global TV, CityTV, CMT, CFJC-TV7

In February 2008, The Higgins released their first music video for "Flower Child", directed by award-winning director Stephano Barberis to CMT Canada. It peaked at No. 3 on the network's Chevy Cross Canada Countdown in June 2008. Their videos for "Real Thing" (in 2008), and "Second Hand Car"(in 2009) were also directed by Barberis, and both reached No. 3 on the countdown.

## Discography

### Studio albums

| Title | Details |
| --- | --- |
| *Coming Home for Christmas* | * Release date: October 27, 2003 * Label: self-released |
| *Wild Minds* | * Release date: October 4, 2004 * Label: self-released |
| *The Higgins* | * Release date: April 13, 2007 * Label: self-released |
| *Real Thing* |  |
| *Dreamers Like Us* | * Release date: June 8, 2010 * Label: Open Road Recordings |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | CAN | |
| 2008 | "Flower Child" |  | *Real Thing* |
| | "Real Thing" | | 99 |
| 2009 | "Second Hand Car" | |  |
| 2010 | "Free Like Love" |  | *Dreamers Like Us* |
| | "Dreamers Like Us" | |  |
| | "Burn You Back" | |  |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart | | | |

### Music videos

| Year | Video | Director |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2008 | "Flower Child" | Stephano Barberis |
| | | "Real Thing" |
| 2009 | | "Second Hand Car" |
| 2010 | | "Free Like Love" |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Association | Category | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2008 | Canadian Country Music Association | Group or Duo of the Year | Nominated |
| 2009 | | Group or Duo of the Year | Nominated |
| | | Roots Artist or Group of the Year | Nominated |
| 2010 | | Group or Duo of the Year | Nominated |
| | | Roots Artist or Group of the Year | Nominated |

### Official websites

### Videos

## InfoBox

| The Higgins | |
| --- | --- |
| John, Eileen, and Kathleen Higgins, June 14, 2008, Vancouver, Canada | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Delta, British Columbia, Canada |
| Genres | Country |
| Years active | 1998–present |
| Labels | Open Road |
|  | |
| Members | John Higgins
Eileen Higgins
Kathleen Higgins |
|  | |
| Past members | Mary Higgins
James Higgins |
|  | |
| Website | www.higginsmusic.com |


title: Teachings and impacts of Ayyavazhi

abstract:
The Ayyavazhi includes a corpus of teachings of its initiator Lord Vaikundar in the
form of instructions and slogans found in the religious book Akilathirattu.

text:
# Teachings and impacts of Ayyavazhi

The Ayyavazhi includes a corpus of teachings of its initiator Lord Vaikundar in the form of instructions and slogans found in the religious book *Akilathirattu*.

## Dharmam

The teachings on Dharmam have two levels of understanding: a principle of 'righteousness', and a concrete activity of 'charity' or 'almsgiving'. As a principle, the followers of Ayyavazhi believed that the prime motive of the mission of Vaikundar was to establish Dharmam in this world by destroying the evil force of Kali. It is said in Akilathirattu that people, even while listening to the teachings of Lord Vaikundar, 'realised' that the evil of Kali was gradually being withdrawn from the world and that Dharmam was being established in its stead. Transposed to the social plane, this principle of Dharmam was considered as the mission of "protecting or salvaging the lowly, the oppressed." As a practical activity, Dharmam meant charity and almsgiving. This was taught to be the way to seek God. People were specially exhorted to undertake charity by means of material goods, and do it without discriminating among the beneficiaries.

## Courage and fortitude

Part of Lord Vaikundar's teachings included symbolic actions for the purpose of incinerating the evil spirits and impounding the powers of those practising black magic. These were purported to instill courage among the ordinary people. He also imparted direct teachings on courage and fortitude. People were instructed not to fear any supernatural or temporal powers of malignant or inimical character. They were exhorted "not to fear anyone except Vaikundar," whose abiding presence with them would be the source of their strength. They were told that "it was fortitude that would make them rule the earth" and that because of this, they were not to be intimidated by any exploiter.

## Living with dignity

"If you live with dignity and self-respect, the Kali would destroy itself" is another oft-repeated verse from Akilathirattu. The importance of this instruction comes to light when considering that the destruction of Kali is projected in Akilathirattu as one of the chief motives of the mission of Lord Vaikundar. The book, through various other narratives, underscores the point that the people are to live in dignity. For example, the narrative on the origin of the Santror Makkal as the children of Narayana endowed the people with a divine pedigree, and it was a powerful story to drive home the message that the people were a dignified humanity. Some of the rituals that emerged in the life of Ayyavazhi were aimed at indoctrinating the message of human dignity. Wearing a piece of headgear during worship is an example of one of these rituals.

## Against caste-discrimination

Akilathirattu projected to the imagination of the followers of Ayyavazhi an ideal society where the caste discrimination did not exist. In its account of the past, Akilattirattu speaks of an age in which people lived as one family without the discrimination of caste. It blames the kalineesan for dividing the people on the basis of caste. It speaks of a future when Vaikundar will rule all the people with equality.

Other verses from Akilathirattu, such as

* "Cast away the eighteen castes and the demons into the mountain, fire and the sea"
* "Do not discriminate between the powerful and powerless"
* "The caste would disappear by itself"

point to the fact of a considerable indoctrination against the inequalities of castes.

## Against political oppressors

A very strong critique of the political oppressors seems to have been operative in Ayyavazhi. In the first place, it was expressed in the very characterisation of the Thiruvithankur king as Kalineesan, the representative of the evil force, and of the British as Venneesan (the wicked white). Kalineesan was projected to be the main oppressor who perpetrated the rule of Kali by exploiting the labour of the people through the systems of oozhiyam and levies, and by imposing the discriminatory caste system. Akilattirattu indicts the king as the cause of oppression and issues admonitions to him to revoke the exploitative measures.

A slogan having political overtones seems to have been heard repeatedly in the gatherings of Ayyavazhi. It came as a declaration from Ayya Vaikundar that he was going to dethrone the king and rule the country under a Single Umbrella. Among the many accusations raised against Ayya Vaikundar, the one that he would overthrow the rule of kings was among the most serious.

## Against economic exploitation

Strong discontent against the deeply entrenched exploitation of the labouring masses was expressed in the form of poetic lamentations that were repeated and commented upon in the gatherings of Ayyavazhi. Akilathirattu devotes three full pages to enumerating and lamenting upon the innumerable exploitative measures imposed on the toiling masses, primarily on the Chanars. It lists a number of oppressive taxes (imposed on items such as firewood and the implements of the people's occupation). It also speaks about the varieties of taxes levied on land and cultivation and narrates the way the exploitative system of oozhiyam burdened the people. In a very telling statement, Akilathirattu summarises its accusation that "the treacherous neesan squeezed out the labour and its produce from the Santror."

There are also certain verses found in Akilathirattu and Arul Nool which are in the form of instructions. A verse in Akilathirattu says, "Whoever makes an earning, let him rule over it and no one need be lightened of another." Another verse proclaims, "Tell that there is no Sevies to be paid anymore." There are also verses that call for revolutionary actions from the followers. For example, a section in Arul Nool goes as follows:

My child, born to rule the world, rise and awake The arrogant mean is waging a war Come my son, to raise an army to incinerate this world Dignified as you are, the ignominy is intolerable I brought a paisa by carrying on my head a heavy load He snatched away even that one paisa Did you take birth when such a cruel king is ruling?

## Against puja, blood-sacrifice, and offerings to temples

Lord Vaikundar also offered a strong admonition to the followers of Ayyavazhi against conducting Puja (making offerings to temples and undertaking blood sacrifices to appease evil spirits). This admonition is repeated in several places in Akilattirattuu and Arul Nool. Instructions to give up "devil worship," idol worship, sacrifices of goats, roosters and pigs to deities, offerings of eggs, fried meat and other edibles were explicitly present in Ayyavazhi. Ayya Vaikundar is shown to be proclaiming these admonitions as a titular message to his mission as soon as he emerged from the sea after the Transformation.

The people had their own folk practices, such as peikkuk kotuttal (offering to demons) or cetikkuk kotuttal (offering to evil spirits), to appease the evil spirits. Ayya Vaikundar instructed the people not to observe these practices. One of the main instructions of Ayyavazhi was that there were neither devils nor demons and that witchcraft and sorcery had no effect.

## Condemnation of the Priests

Lord Vaikundar and other prominent persons of Ayyavazhi made many statements lamenting the alleged domination of the Brahmins. One such statement by Vaikundar is found in Patthiram "We come to intimidate the veta Brahmins." Another statement of the same kind is found in Thingal patham which says, "Those who wear a tuft (Brahmins) will not remain on this earth any longer". Apart from these open statements, certain mythical episodes implicating the Brahmins are too conspicuous to be missed. For example, the mythical narrative blames the Brahmins for consuming the whole of the nectar that is meant for all humanity, and on that account, condemns them to grow on earth as palmyra trees.

Another episode which alleges corrupt and immoral practices by the Brahmin priests at Srirangam and Thiruchendur cannot obviously be missed. The followers of Ayyavazhi were called upon to don the mantle of priesthood in the place of the Brahmins.

## Denunciation of idolatry

Unlike the other Indian religious systems, Ayyavazhi never celebrates idolatry. On its view, leading all sort of irrelevant ritualistic practices and giving birth to superstition, the idol-worship led the priest to exploit the illiteracy and ignorance of the common people. Hence Ayya denounced idolatry and compelled its followers to detest and resist the same.

During the period of Lord Vaikundar the lower caste people of the South Travancore are not allowed to enter the temples. So they erected small pyramids of mud or brick and use to worship them. Ayya found these practises as uncivilised custom and put forward a new way of worship. This serves as a religious reformation in the socio-cultural history of South Travancore. There are quite a large number of verses in the Ayyavazhi scriptures on strengthening this view of Vaikundar.

## Centres of worship: Pathis and Nizhal Thangals

Pathis and Nizhal Thangals were centres of worship and religious learning established in different parts of the country by devout followers of Ayyavazhi. Few were established even during the time of Lord Vaikundar, and they served as centres for propagation of the beliefs and practices of Ayyavazhi.

## Disciples

From among the large number of followers, Vaikundar seems to have chosen five persons to be called as his (Citars)disciples. They are Sivanandi from Mailadi, Pandaram from Kailasapuram, Arjunan from Pillayarkudiyirruppu, Subbiah from Colachel, and Hari Gopalan from Thamaraikulam. Vaikundar seems to have chosen these disciples to be his close associates and to propagate his teaching and ideals to the people. According to Akilathirattu, the Pandavas of previous *Dvapara Yuga* were made to take birth in this *Kali Yuga* as Citars of Vaikundar. The holy book Akilathirattu was compiled by his fifth citar - Hari Gopalan alias Sahadeva.

## Impact

Sociologically speaking, Lord Vaikundar was the tenth avatar of Lord Narayana and first to succeed as a social renaissance as well as religious reformation in the country. It also created many social changes in southern India impinging greatly on society highly resulting in social and self-respect movements broke out such as *Upper cloth agitation*, temple entry agitation etc.

There is also a view that Swami Vivekananda too was influenced by Ayyavazhi teachings. Historians view that Vivekananda visited the Swamithope Pathi during his visit to Kanyakumari in December 1892 and he was impressed by the principles behind rituals of this monistic faith, such as wearing a headgear during worship in temple, worshipping in front of mirror etc., and started wearing a turban from then on. Paulose suggests that Vivekananda received some spiritual instructions from the disciples of Lord Vaikundar.


title: Lake Bungee, Connecticut

abstract: Lake Bungee is a census-designated place (CDP) in the southwestern part of the town of Woodstock in Windham County, Connecticut, United States, surrounding a lake of the same name. It is bordered to the west by the Witches Woods CDP. Lake Bungee was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

text:
# Lake Bungee, Connecticut

**Lake Bungee** is a census-designated place (CDP) in the southwestern part of the town of Woodstock in Windham County, Connecticut, United States, surrounding a lake of the same name. It is bordered to the west by the Witches Woods CDP.

Lake Bungee was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

## InfoBox

| Lake Bungee, Connecticut | |
| --- | --- |
| Census-designated place | |
| Lake Bunggee Bus Stop | |
| Lake BungeeLake Bungee | |
| Coordinates: 41°57′12″N 72°3′51″W / 41.95333°N 72.06417°W / 41.95333; -72.06417 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Connecticut |
| County | Windham |
| Town | Woodstock |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.40 km2 (0.54 sq mi) |
| Land | 0.95 km2 (0.37 sq mi) |
| Water | 0.45 km2 (0.17 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 184 m (605 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP Code | 06282 (Woodstock Valley) |
| Area code(s) | 860/959 |
| FIPS code | 09-41226 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2805989 |