title: Uvayuq

abstract: Uvayuq, formerly Ovayok or Mount Pelly, is an esker in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut. It is located in northern Canada on Victoria Island within the Ovayok Territorial Park. The hill, which is more than 200 m (660 ft) high, is located 15 km (9.3 mi) north east of the hamlet of Cambridge Bay, Nunavut.

text:
# Uvayuq

**Uvayuq**, formerly *Ovayok* or *Mount Pelly*, is an esker in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut. It is located in northern Canada on Victoria Island within the Ovayok Territorial Park. The hill, which is more than 200 m (660 ft) high, is located 15 km (9.3 mi) north east of the hamlet of Cambridge Bay, Nunavut.

## History

The area around *Uvayuq* has long been used by Inuit for hunting and there are over 120 archaeological sites on the esker. These include *pirujaq* (storage cache), campsites and a grave. The oddest find was a stack of loon bones that had been "cut at every joint". This find, which the local elders indicated was something they had never seen and must have happened before their grandparents were alive, fitted in with an Inuit legend. The legend indicated that people in the area were starving and they were saved only when a skilled hunter killed a loon. To feed all the people the bones had to be broken at the joints so all could be fed.

## Modern history

The esker was given its English name by Thomas Simpson and Peter Warren Dease in 1839 to honour Sir John Henry Pelly, governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. Simpson and Dease had travelled from Great Bear Lake, down the Coppermine River, to Back River. In 1850-51 John Rae, while searching the south coast of Victoria Island for clues to the lost expedition of John Franklin, climbed to the top of Mount Pelly.

## Traditional belief

Northwest of Uvayuq are two more eskers called Inuuhuktu (Baby Pelly) and Amaaqtuq (Lady Pelly). Inuit legend says that the three hills are a family of starving giants. They were crossing Victoria Island looking for food and the father, Uvayuq, died first. Next the son, Inuuhuktu (English; "teenaged boy"), died and was followed by the mother, Amaaqtuq (English; "packing baby", see amauti), who was carrying her baby.

## InfoBox

| Uvayuq | |
| --- | --- |
| * *Ovayok* * *Mount Pelly* | |
| Uvayuq, north of Cambridge Bay (Victoria Island) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | More than 200 m (660 ft) |
| Coordinates | 69°10′27″N 104°42′43″W / 69.17417°N 104.71194°W / 69.17417; -104.71194 |
| Geography | |
| UvayuqNunavut, Canada | |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Esker |


title: Castellucchio

abstract: Castellucchio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southeast of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Mantua. Castellucchio borders the following municipalities: Curtatone, Gazoldo degli Ippoliti, Marcaria, Rodigo.

text:
# Castellucchio

**Castellucchio** (Mantovano: *Castlüch*) is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southeast of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Mantua.

Castellucchio borders the following municipalities: Curtatone, Gazoldo degli Ippoliti, Marcaria, Rodigo.

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Castellucchio *Castlüch* (Emilian) | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Castellucchio | |
| Castle-Tower. | |
|  | |
| Location of Castellucchio | |
| CastellucchioLocation of Castellucchio in ItalyCastellucchioCastellucchio (Lombardy) | |
| Coordinates: 45°9′N 10°39′E / 45.150°N 10.650°E / 45.150; 10.650 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Lombardy |
| Province | Mantua (MN) |
| *Frazioni* | Sarginesco, Ospitaletto Mantovano, Gabbiana, San Lorenzo |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Romano Monicelli |
| Area | |
| Total | 46.5 km2 (18.0 sq mi) |
| Population (1 April 2009) | |
| Total | 5,064 |
| Density | 110/km2 (280/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Castellucchiesi |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 46014 |
| Dialing code | 0376 |
| Website | Official website |


title: Chu Jinzhao

abstract: Chu Jinzhao is a Chinese former professional footballer. On 10 September 2024, Chinese Football Association announced that Chu was banned from football-related activities for lifetime for involving in match-fixing.

text:
# Chu Jinzhao

**Chu Jinzhao** (simplified Chinese: 储今朝; traditional Chinese: 儲今朝; pinyin: *Chǔ Jīnzhāo*; born 11 January 1993) is a Chinese former professional footballer.

On 10 September 2024, Chinese Football Association announced that Chu was banned from football-related activities for lifetime for involving in match-fixing.

## Club career

Chu Jinzhao was promoted to Chinese Super League side Tianjin Teda in 2014 after two years training with Portuguese side Varzim and Oeiras. He was loaned to China League Two side Yinchuan Helanshan for half season in the summer of 2014. In February 2015, Chu transferred to China League One side Tianjin Songjiang along with Su Yuanjie. He made his debut for the club on 11 April 2015 in a 1–1 home draw against Qingdao Jonoon. He made six league appearances in the 2016 season after Quanjian Nature Medicine took over the club and won the title of the league. Chu made his Super League debut on 15 April 2017 in a 1–1 home draw against Shanghai SIPG, coming on for Zheng Dalun in the 80th minute.

## Career statistics

*As of 31 December 2023*.

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
| Club | Season | League | | | National Cup | | Continental | | Other | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Tianjin Teda | 2014 | Chinese Super League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 0 | 0 |
| Yinchuan Helanshan (loan) | 2014 | China League Two | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 7 | 0 |
| Tianjin Quanjian/<br>Tianjin Tianhai | 2015 | China League One | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | | - | | 6 | 0 |
| | 2016 | | 6 | 0 | 3 | 0 | - | | - | | 9 | 0 |
| | 2017 | Chinese Super League | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | - | | - | | 5 | 0 |
| | | 2018 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | | 7 | 0 |
| | | 2019 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | | - | | 2 | 0 |
| | Total | | 19 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 0 |
| Chengdu Better City | 2020 | China League One | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | | - | | 10 | 0 |
| Nanjing City | 2021 | | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 21 | 1 |
| | 2022 | | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 19 | 0 |
| | Total | | 40 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 1 |
| Guangxi Pingguo Haliao | 2023 | China League One | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | | | 76 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 87 | 1 |

## Honours

### Club

**Tianjin Quanjian F.C.**

## InfoBox

Chu Jinzhao
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Chu Jinzhao | | |
| Date of birth | (1993-01-11) 11 January 1993 | | |
| Place of birth | Tianjin, China | | |
| Height | 1.82 m (5 ft 11+12 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Tianjin Teda | | |
| 2011–2012 | Varzim (loan) | | |
| 2012–2013 | Oeiras (loan) | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2014 | Tianjin Teda | 0 | (0) |
| 2014 | Yinchuan Helanshan (loan) | 7 | (0) |
| 2015–2019 | Tianjin Quanjian | 19 | (0) |
| 2020–2021 | Chengdu Better City | 9 | (0) |
| 2021–2023 | Nanjing City | 40 | (1) |
| 2023 | Guangxi Pingguo Haliao | 1 | (0) |
| Total |  | **76** | **(1)** |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 31 December 2022 | | | |


title: Robinsonia spitzi

abstract: Robinsonia spitzi is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1933. It is found in Brazil.

text:
# Robinsonia spitzi

***Robinsonia spitzi*** is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1933. It is found in Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Robinsonia spitzi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Robinsonia* |
| Species: | ***R. spitzi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Robinsonia spitzi***<br>(Rothschild, 1933) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Prumala spitzi* Rothschild, 1933 * *Robinsonia variegata* Reich, 1938 | |


title: Joyce Pearce

abstract: Joyce L Pearce (1938-2011), was a female international fencer who competed for England.

text:
# Joyce Pearce

**Joyce L Pearce** (1938-2011), was a female international fencer who competed for England.

## Fencing career

She represented England and won a gold medal in the team foil, at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica.

## InfoBox

Joyce Pearce
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | England |
| Born | Third quarter 1932<br>Devonport |
| Died | 2011 |
| Medal record      Fencing  Representing  England  British Empire & Commonwealth Games  1966 Kingston  foil team | |


title: The Gun in Betty Lou's Handbag

abstract: The Gun in Betty Lou's Handbag is a 1992 American screwball comedy film directed by Allan Moyle and produced by Scott Kroopf. It stars Penelope Ann Miller, Eric Thal, William Forsythe, Cathy Moriarty and Alfre Woodard. Rock and roll recording pioneer Cordell Jackson played a bit part as "Bathroom Woman". The film was distributed by Touchstone Pictures for Interscope Communications.

text:
# The Gun in Betty Lou's Handbag

***The Gun in Betty Lou's Handbag*** is a 1992 American screwball comedy film directed by Allan Moyle and produced by Scott Kroopf. It stars Penelope Ann Miller, Eric Thal, William Forsythe, Cathy Moriarty and Alfre Woodard. Rock and roll recording pioneer Cordell Jackson played a bit part as "Bathroom Woman".

The film was distributed by Touchstone Pictures for Interscope Communications.

## Plot

Betty Lou Perkins is a meek librarian in New Orleans who nobody pays much attention to, in particular her husband, Alex. A criminal kingpin is killed in cold blood, and Betty Lou happens to find the murder gun. She is so mousy, however, that she cannot even get the police to listen to her, including Alex, who is a detective. In sheer frustration, she not only produces the gun, but also announces that she is the one who committed the crime.

Behind bars, Betty Lou meets a variety of hardened and colorful characters. Rather than intimidate her, they actually increase her self-confidence. Once she is released, she begins to dress, speak, and act differently. Unfortunately for her, criminal acquaintances of the victim assume she must have confessed to the murder for a reason. They conclude she must be his mistress, and soon, the bad guys want a few words with her ... or worse.

## Cast

## Production

## Reception

*The Gun in Betty Lou's Handbag* received generally negative reviews from critics. It holds a 14% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 23 reviews.

*Entertainment Weekly*, reviewing the film when it was released in home video, gave the film a D+, and called it a "foolish farce". The British film magazine *Empire* gave it three stars out of five, calling it "watchable" and noting that "Miller is a winning heroine", but characterizing the film as "too busy to be really funny". *The Austin Chronicle* gave it two stars: "The cast shines in *The Gun in Betty Lou's Handbag*; watching these performers, you know this movie would have made for an inspired farce, given better writing and direction."

## Home media

The film was released on DVD by Touchstone Home Entertainment on September 2, 2003, and on Blu-ray by Mill Creek Entertainment in May 2011.

## InfoBox

| The Gun in Betty Lou's Handbag | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Allan Moyle |
| Written by | Grace Cary Bickley |
| Produced by | Scott Kroopf |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Charles Minsky |
| Edited by | Janice Hampton
Erica Huggins |
| Music by | Richard Gibbs |
| Production
companies | Touchstone Pictures
Interscope Communications
Nomura Babcock & Brown |
| Distributed by | Buena Vista Pictures Distribution |
| Release date | * August 21, 1992 (1992-08-21) |
| Running time | 89 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Box office | $3.7 million |


title: Checkmate (2010 film)

abstract: Checkmate is a Ghanaian crime drama film that was written and directed by Shirley Frimpong Manso for Sparrow Productions. It was produced by Ken Attoh, features stars like Nadia Buari, Ekow Blankson, Naa Ashorkor Mensah Doku and introduced Senanu Gbedawo. It was released in 2010.

text:
# Checkmate (2010 film)

***Checkmate*** is a Ghanaian crime drama film that was written and directed by Shirley Frimpong Manso for Sparrow Productions. It was produced by Ken Attoh, features stars like Nadia Buari, Ekow Blankson, Naa Ashorkor Mensah Doku and introduced Senanu Gbedawo. It was released in 2010.

## Cast

* Nadia Buari – Caroline
* Ekow Blankson – Kiki Nelson
* Senanu Gbedawo – Kwame Asante
* Naa Ashorkor Mensah Doku – Naana Asante
* Elsie Kwansah – Ewurama Asante
* Kweku Boateng – Fiifi
* Khareema Agular – Jessica
* Jonas Odoi – Kiki's Driver
* Veeda Darko – Kiki's Sister
* Kwaku Sintim-Misa – Mr Tamakloe

## Plot

Kwame, played by Senanu Gbedawo, is a member of the immigration workforce who has political ambitions. He comes into contact with Kiki played by Ekow Blankson, who is a drug kingpin. Kiki initially presents himself as a real estate developer and introduces Kwame to Caroline, who is played by Nadia Buari. Kwame feels an instant attraction to her and notwithstanding his status as a family man, makes moves and quickly gets her into bed. He ends the relationship when Caroline gets a bit obsessed but she is not ready to put the relationship behind her and threatens to inform his wife and go public with the news of their affair. Kwame's new friends are part of a scheme to move drugs out of the country. The drugs would go through customs smoothly with Kwame involved and to make sure of this, Kiki employs the affair tactic to corner him. Kwame now has to deal with the dilemma of giving in to Kiki's demands or losing his family and political aspirations.

1. "Movie Review: Shirley Frimpong Manso's CHECK MATE - GhanaCelebrities.Com". *GhanaCelebrities.Com*. 2010-03-24. Archived from the original on 2018-11-11. Retrieved 2018-11-10.
2. "Checkmate | Ghana Movie | Nollywood Forever Movie Reviews". *nollywoodforever.com*. Archived from the original on 2022-04-28. Retrieved 2019-01-12.
3. "Checkmate | Ghana Movie | Nollywood Forever Movie Reviews". *nollywoodforever.com*. Archived from the original on 2022-04-28. Retrieved 2018-11-10.
4. "CHECKMATE". *Talk African Movies*. 2013-09-12. Retrieved 2018-11-10.

## InfoBox

| Checkmate | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Shirley Frimpong Manso |
| Written by | Shirley Frimpong Manso |
| Produced by | Ken Attoh |
| Starring |  |
| Release date | * 2010 (2010) |
| Country | Ghana |


title: Drucker stability

abstract: Drucker stability refers to a set of mathematical criteria that restrict the possible nonlinear stress-strain relations that can be satisfied by a solid material. The postulates are named after Daniel C. Drucker. A material that does not satisfy these criteria is often found to be unstable in the sense that application of a load to a material point can lead to arbitrary deformations at that material point unless an additional length or time scale is specified in the constitutive relations. The Drucker stability postulates are often invoked in nonlinear finite element analysis. Materials that satisfy these criteria are generally well-suited for numerical analysis, while materials that fail to satisfy this criterion are likely to present difficulties during the solution process.

text:
# Drucker stability

**Drucker stability** (also called the **Drucker stability postulates**) refers to a set of mathematical criteria that restrict the possible nonlinear stress-strain relations that can be satisfied by a solid material. The postulates are named after Daniel C. Drucker. A material that does not satisfy these criteria is often found to be unstable in the sense that application of a load to a material point can lead to arbitrary deformations at that material point unless an additional length or time scale is specified in the constitutive relations.

The Drucker stability postulates are often invoked in nonlinear finite element analysis. Materials that satisfy these criteria are generally well-suited for numerical analysis, while materials that fail to satisfy this criterion are likely to present difficulties (i.e. non-uniqueness or singularity) during the solution process.

## Drucker's first stability criterion

Drucker's first stability criterion (first proposed by Rodney Hill and also called **Hill's stability criterion**) is a strong condition on the incremental internal energy of a material which states that the incremental internal energy can only increase. The criterion may be written as follows:

$\text{d}{\boldsymbol {\sigma }:{\text{d}{\boldsymbol {\varepsilon }\geq 0}}}$,

where d**σ** is the stress increment tensor associated with the strain increment tensor d**ε** through the constitutive relation.

## Drucker's stability postulate

Drucker's postulate is applicable to elastic-plastic materials and states that in a cycle of plastic deformation the second degree plastic work is always positive. This postulate can be expressed in incremental form as

$\text{d}{\boldsymbol {\sigma }:{\text{d}{\boldsymbol {\varepsilon }\_{p}\geq 0}}}$,

where d**ε**p is the incremental plastic strain tensor.

```
3. Drucker, Daniel Charles (1957). "A definition of stable inelastic material" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2019. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
```


title: Castelloza

abstract: Na Castelloza was a noblewoman and trobairitz from Auvergne.

text:
# Castelloza

**Na Castelloza** (fl. early 13th century) was a noblewoman and trobairitz from Auvergne.

## Life

According to her later *vida*, Castelloza was the wife of Turc de Mairona, probably the lord of Meyronne. Turc's ancestors had participated in a Crusade around 1210 or 1220, which was the origin of his name (meaning "Turk"). She was reputed to have been in love with Arman de Brion, a member of the house of Bréon and of greater social rank than her, about whom she wrote several songs. Her *vida* records her to have been "very gay", "very learned", and "very beautiful". While little more is known about Castelloza’s life, her name “appears to be composed of castle and the common suffix ~os, which normally indicates quality or abundance of the noun to which it is joined. The name might then mean ‘lady worthy of a castle’ or ‘lady possessed of a castle or castles.'”

## Career

As a trobairitz, Castelloza was responsible for producing poems and Cantigas (monophonic songs) throughout her career. Her works (primarily written in Galician-Portuguese) maintain the characteristics of the Canso, often referencing themes of love and courtship. The canso was a popular style among troubadours, often describing a male speaker pining after a ‘cruel female beloved.’ Castelloza continues this song structure from her perspective, expressing the challenges and conflict she, as a woman, faces. “In each of her songs, Na Castelloza takes up a posture that is simultaneously offensive and defensive: she regularly signals and defends her anomalous role as a woman who declares and serves her love by singing.” This is apparent throughout her work; an example being ‘Mout avetz fach lonc estatge…’ (To Her Lover Gone Away). An excerpt translation of this poem highlights the following;

“My handsome noble-natured dear, I’ve loved you since the day you pleased me. How great a fool I am is clear. For you held back, while such love seized me That I not once have turned away. Though you repay my good with ill I’ll stand my ground and love you still, For love so has me in its sway That I now doubt my life can offer.”

Castelloza maintains this perspective throughout her lasting work, describing the pain and betrayal of unrequited love while acknowledging her commitment to absolute fidelity.

Only threeperhaps four if recent scholarship is acceptedof her songs (all *cansos*) survive, all without music. This, however, makes her at least the second most prolific of trobairitz in terms of surviving works: only Beatriz de Dia certainly has more, with four *cansos* to her name. The subject of all her poems is courtly love.

Compared with Beatriz de Dia, Castelloza is a more conservative poet. Her persona throughout her works is consistent and though she raises the tension between conditional and unconditional love she always remains committed to absolute fidelity.

One scholar, Peter Dronke, has seen Castelloza's songs as forming a lyric cycle.

## List of works

* **Ja de chantar non degra aver talan**
* **Amics, s'ie.us trobes avinen**
* **Mout avetz faich lonc estatge**
* **Per joi que d'amor m'avegna** (disputed)

### Notes

### Citations

1. *Vidas*, p. 26.
2. Paden, William D. (August 1981). "The Poems of the "Trobairitz" Na Castelloza". *Romance Philology*. **35** (1): 158–182. JSTOR 44943223. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
3. Bruckner, Matilda (1985). "Na Castelloza, "Trobairitz", and Troubadour Lyric". *Romance Notes*. **25** (3): 241. JSTOR 43802003. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
4. Foreman, A.Z. "Lady Castellosa: To Her Lover Gone Away (From Occitan)". *Poems Found in Translation*. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
5. Coldwell, "Castelloza".
6. Bruckner, 871.
7. Bruckner, 877.
8. Bruckner, 884.

## Bibliography

## Further reading

* Gravdal, Kathryn. "Mimicry, Metonymy, and 'Women's Song': the Medieval Women Trobairitz." *Romanic Review*, 83:4 (1992:Nov.) pp. 411427.
* Paden, William D., Jr. "The Poems of the 'Trobairitz' Na Castelloza." *Romance Philology*, 35:1 (1981:Aug.), pp. 158182.
* Schutz, A. H. "Where Were the Provençal 'Vidas' and 'Razos' Written?" *Modern Philology*, Vol. 35, No. 3. (Feb., 1938), pp. 225232.
* Shapiro, Marianne. "The Provençal Trobairitz and the Limits of Courtly Love." *Signs*, Vol. 3, No. 3. (Spring, 1978), pp. 560571.
* Weiss, Julian. "Lyric Sequences in the *Cantigas d'amigo*." *Bulletin of Hispanic Studies*, 65:1 (1988:Jan.), pp. 2138.
* Bec, Pierre. « L’Amour au Féminin: Les Femmes-Troubadours et Leurs Chansons » (2013, fédérop).


title: Chubu Yajin Stadium

abstract: Chubu Yajin Stadium (チュウブYAJINスタジアム) is a football stadium in Yonago, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. It has been called Chubu Yajin Stadium for the naming rights. It is one of the home stadiums of football club Gainare Tottori.

text:
# Chubu Yajin Stadium

**Chubu Yajin Stadium** (チュウブYAJINスタジアム) is a football stadium in Yonago, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. It has been called **Chubu Yajin Stadium** for the naming rights.

It is one of the home stadiums of football club Gainare Tottori.

## InfoBox

Chubu Yajin Stadium
| チュウブYAJINスタジアム | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Yonago, Tottori, Japan |
| Coordinates | 35°26′54″N 133°18′27″E / 35.4482°N 133.3075°E / 35.4482; 133.3075 |
| Capacity | 7,390 |
| Opened | 2012 |
| Tenants | |
| Gainare Tottori | |
| Website | |
| Official site | |


abstract: These are lists of Billboard magazine's "Top Country & Western Records" for 1951, ranked by retail sales and juke box plays.

text:
# Billboard Top Country & Western Records of 1951

These are lists of *Billboard* magazine's "Top Country & Western Records" for 1951, ranked by retail sales and juke box plays.

## Overview

Hank Williams' "Cold, Cold Heart" was 1951's No. 1 country hit based on retail sales and No. 6 based on juke box plays. Lefty Frizzell's "I Want to Be with You Always" ranked No. 1 based on juke box plays and No. 2 based on retail sales. The year's other top hits included: Frizzell's "Always Late with Your Kisses" (No. 2 retail, No. 2 juke box), Hank Snow's "The Rhumba Boogie" (No. 4 retail, No. 5 juke box), Eddy Arnold's "I Wanna Play House With You" (No. 2 juke box, No. 5 retail), and Tennessee Ernie Ford's "The Shotgun Boogie" (No. 4 juke box, No. 7 retail).

### Leading artists and labels

The *Billboard* year-end charts were cited as proof that Lefty Frizzell was "the nation's number one western and country recording star." Frizzell led all other artists with seven records appearing on the *Billboard* year-end charts. Eddy Arnold placed second with six records followed by Hank Williams (five), Hank Snow (five), and Carl Smith (three).

The RCA Victor and Columbia labels dominated the 1951 year-end country charts, with 14 records from RCA Victor and 12 from Columbia. Decca, which had dominated the 1950 year-end country charts with 11 records, managed to land only one record on the 1951 year-end charts.

### Other promulgators

While *Billboard* is considered the authoritative source, at least one other publisher, Music VF, created its own list of the top country hits of 1951. Music VF's list was led by (1) "Slow Poke" by Pee Wee King, (2) "Mockin' Bird Hill" by Les Paul and Mary Ford, (3) "On Top of Old Smoky" by The Weavers, (4) "Down Yonder" by Del Wood, and (5) "Mockin' Bird Hill" by the Pinetoppers.

### Country music in 1951

During the early 1950s, there was tremendous growth in the popularity of country music, as artists like Eddy Arnold sold records at a level that rivaled Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, and other top pop artists. Patti Page's "Tennessee Waltz", produced and recorded in Nashville, crossed over to become a No. 1 hit on pop charts in 1951, and "more than any other single song, established Nashville as a source of songs for the pop market. Hank Williams' "Cold, Cold Heart" was another prominent example of country music crossing over in 1951; the song was such a massive hit that five versions reached the pop Top 30, and Tony Bennett's version spent six weeks at No. 1. The creation of a separate *Billboard* chart to track the top country hits confirmed the increased importance of the genre.

## Top records

| Retail
year-end | Juke box
year-end | Peak | Title | Artist(s) | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 6 | 1 | "Cold, Cold Heart" | Hank Williams | M-G-M |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | "I Want to Be with You Always" | Lefty Frizzell | Columbia |
| 3 | 3 | 1 | "Always Late with Your Kisses" | Lefty Frizzell | Columbia |
| 4 | 5 | 1 | "The Rhumba Boogie" | Hank Snow | RCA Victor |
| 5 | 2 | 1 | "I Wanna Play House With You" | Eddy Arnold | RCA Victor |
| 6 | 13 | 1 | "There's Been a Change in Me" | Eddy Arnold | RCA Victor |
| 7 | 4 | 1 | "The Shotgun Boogie" | Tennessee Ernie Ford | Capitol |
| 8 | 7 | 1 | "Hey, Good Lookin'" | Hank Williams | M-G-M |
| 9 | 11 | 2 | "Mom and Dad's Waltz" | Lefty Frizzell | Columbia |
| 10 | 17 | 1 | "The Golden Rocket" | Hank Snow | RCA Victor |
| 11 | NR | 1 | "I'm Movin' On | Hank Snow | RCA Victor |
| 12 | 8 | 1 | "Kentucky Waltz" | Eddy Arnold | RCA Victor |
| 13 | 10 | 1 | "Slow Poke" | Pee Wee King | RCA Victor |
| 14 | 9 | 2 | "Let's Live a Little" | Carl Smith | Columbia |
| 15 | 19 | 1 | "I Love You a Thousand Ways" | Lefty Frizzell | Columbia |
| 16 | 30 | 4 | "Poison Love" | Johnnie and Jack | RCA Victor |
| 17 | 12 | 2 | "Down the Trail of Aching Hearts" | Hank Snow | RCA Victor |
| 18 | 25 | 4 | "Bluebird Island" | Hank Snow | RCA Victor |
| 19 | 29 | 5 | "Peace in the Valley" | Red Foley | Decca |
| 20 | 23 | 4 | "Mr. Moon" | Carl Smith | Columbia |
| 21 | 20 | 1 | "If You've Got the Money I've Got the Time" | Lefty Frizzell | Columbia |
| 22 | NR | 5 | "Heart Strings" | Eddy Arnold | RCA Victor |
| 23 | 26 | 2 | "Somebody's Been Beating My Time" | Eddy Arnold | RCA Victor |
| 24 | NR | 6 | "Travelin' Blues" | Lefty Frizzell | Columbia |
| 25 | 21 |  | "Beautiful Brown Eyes" | Jimmy Wakely | Capitol |
| 26 | NR | 4 | "Look What Thoughts Will Do" | Lefty Frizzell | Columbia |
| 27 | 15 | 3 | "Howlin' at the Moon" | Hank Williams | M-G-M |
| 28 | NR | 1 | "Let Old Mother Nature Have Her Way" | Carl Smith | Columbia |
| 29 | 28 | 4 | "Crazy Heart" | Hank Williams | M-G-M |
| 30 | NR | 8 | "It's No Secret" | Stuart Hamblen | Columbia |
| NR | 14 | 2 | "I Can't Help It (If I'm Still in Love with You)" | Hank Williams | M-G-M |
| NR | 16 | 3 | "Mockin' Bird Hill" | Pinetoppers | Coral |
| NR | 18 | 5 | "Down Yonder" | Del Wood | Tennessee |
| NR | 22 | 4 | "Something Old, Something New" | Eddy Arnold | RCA Victor |
| NR | 24 | 2 | "Tennessee Waltz" | Patti Page | Mercury |
| NR | 27 | 5 | "Cryin' Heart Blues" | Johnnie and Jack | RCA Victor |
| NR | 30 | 7 | "Sick, Sober and Sorry | Johnny Bond | Columbia |

1. "The Year's Top Country & Western Records" (PDF). *The Billboard*. January 12, 1952. p. 22.
2. "Number One Western Recording Star". *The Chillicothe Constitution-Tribune*. March 6, 1952. p. 3  via Newspapers.com.
3. Leonidas Fragias (2018). *Country Chart Collection*. Arts & Charts  via Archive.org.
4. "Top Country Songs of 1951". Music VF. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
5. Cusic, Don. "The Emergence of the Country Music Business: 1945-1955." Studies in Popular Culture, vol. 17, no. 2, 1995, pp. 17–29. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/23413699. Accessed 2 Dec. 2020.
6. Cusic, p. 27.
7. "Year's Top Pop Records according to Retail Sales" (PDF). *The Billboard*. **64** (1): 11. January 5, 1952.
8. Robert Hilburn (March 8, 1992). "How Unforgettable? How could a song from 1951 be declared the best song of 1991?". *Los Angeles Times*.
9. Cusic, p. 19.
10. Joel Whitburn (1995). *The Billboard Book of Top 40 Country Hits*. Billboard Books. ISBN 0823076326.


title: 1929 Saskatchewan general election

abstract: The 1929 Saskatchewan general election was held on June 6, 1929 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. As a result of corruption scandals, the Liberal Party of Premier James Gardiner lost a significant share of its popular vote, but more important, lost twenty-two of the seats it had won in the 1925 election. While the Liberals held the largest number of seats in the legislature, they had only a minority. Gardiner tried to continue as a minority government, but was quickly defeated in a Motion of No Confidence, and resigned as premier. The Conservative Party of James T.M. Anderson increased its representation in the legislature from three to twenty four seats. Following Gardiner's resignation, Anderson was able to form a coalition government with the support of the Progressive Party and some independents. The Progressives had lost a large part of the popular vote it had won in 1925, but managed to retain five of the six seats it had won previously.

text:
# 1929 Saskatchewan general election

The **1929 Saskatchewan general election** was held on June 6, 1929 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan.

As a result of corruption scandals, the Liberal Party of Premier James Gardiner lost a significant share of its popular vote, but more important, lost twenty-two of the seats it had won in the 1925 election. While the Liberals held the largest number of seats in the legislature, they had only a minority. Gardiner tried to continue as a minority government, but was quickly defeated in a Motion of No Confidence, and resigned as premier.

The Conservative Party of James T.M. Anderson increased its representation in the legislature from three to twenty four seats. Following Gardiner's resignation, Anderson was able to form a coalition government with the support of the Progressive Party and some independents.

The Progressives had lost a large part of the popular vote it had won in 1925, but managed to retain five of the six seats it had won previously.

## Results

| Party | | Party Leader | \# of
candidates | Seats | | | Popular Vote | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | 1925 | | | Elected | % Change | Votes | % | % Change |
|  | Liberal | James Gardiner | 62 | 50 | **28** | -44% | 164,487 | 45.56% | -5.95% |
|  | Conservative | James Anderson | 40 | 3 | **24** | +700% | 131,550 | 36.44% | +18.09% |
|  | Independent | | 17 | 2 | **6** | +200% | 32,729 | 9.06% | +5.55% |
|  | Progressive |  | 16 | 6 | **5** | -18.3% | 24,988 | 6.92% | -16.12% |
|  | Liberal-Labour | | 1 | * |  | * | 4,181 | 1.16% |  |
|  | Economic Group |  | 3 | * |  | * | 1,942 | 0.54% | * |
|  | Independent Liberal | | 1 | 1 |  | -100% | 1,160 | 0.32% | -0.75% |
| **Total** | | | **140** | **63** | **63** |  | **361,037** | **100%** |  |
| **Source:** Elections Saskatchewan | | | | | | | | | |
|

**Note:** * Party did not nominate candidates in previous election.

### Percentages

| Popular vote   Liberal  45.56%  Conservative  36.44%  Progressive  6.92%  Others  11.08% |
| --- |

| Seats summary   Liberal  44.44%  Conservative  38.10%  Progressive  7.94%  Others  9.52% |
| --- |

## Members elected

**For complete electoral history, see individual districts**

7th Saskatchewan Legislative Assembly
|  | District | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
|  | Arm River | Duncan Hutcheon | Conservative |
|  | Bengough | Herman Warren | Conservative |
|  | Biggar | William Miller | Conservative |
|  | Cannington | Samson Arthur | Independent |
|  | Canora | Anton Morken | Liberal |
|  | Cut Knife | George McLean | Independent |
|  | Cypress | John Gryde | Conservative |
|  | Elrose | James Cobban | Conservative |
|  | Estevan | Eleazer Garner | Liberal |
|  | Francis | Samuel Horner | Progressive |
|  | Gravelbourg | Benjamin McGregor | Liberal |
|  | Hanley | Reginald Stipe | Progressive |
|  | Happyland | Donald Strath | Liberal |
|  | Humboldt | Henry Therres | Liberal |
|  | Jack Fish Lake | Donald Finlayson | Liberal |
|  | Kerrobert | Robert Hanbidge | Conservative |
|  | Kindersley | Ebenezer Whatley | Progressive |
|  | Kinistino | Charles McIntosh | Liberal |
|  | Last Mountain | Jacob Benson | Progressive |
|  | Lloydminster | Robert J. Gordon | Liberal |
|  | Lumsden | James Bryant | Conservative |
|  | Maple Creek | George Spence | Liberal |
|  | Melfort | Rupert Greaves | Conservative |
|  | Milestone | Joseph Patterson | Independent |
|  | Moose Jaw City #1 | John Merkley | Conservative |
|  | Moose Jaw City #2 | Robert Henry Smith | Conservative |
|  | Moose Jaw County | Sinclair Whittaker | Conservative |
|  | Moosomin | Frederick Munroe | Conservative |
|  | Morse | Richard Eades | Conservative |
|  | North Qu'Appelle | James Garfield Gardiner | Liberal |
|  | Notukeu | Alexander Grant | Liberal |
|  | Pelly | Reginald Parker | Liberal |
|  | Pheasant Hills | Charles Dunn | Liberal |
|  | Pipestone | William John Patterson | Liberal |
|  | Prince Albert | Thomas Clayton Davis | Liberal |
|  | Redberry | George Cockburn | Liberal |
|  | Regina City #1 | Murdoch MacPherson | Conservative |
|  | Regina City #2 | James Grassick | Conservative |
|  | Rosetown | Nathaniel Given | Conservative |
|  | Rosthern | John Uhrich | Liberal |
|  | Saltcoats | Asmundur Loptson | Liberal |
|  | Saskatoon City #1 | James Anderson | Conservative |
|  | Saskatoon City #2 | Howard McConnell | Conservative |
|  | Saskatoon County | Charles Agar | Liberal |
|  | Shellbrook | Edgar Clinch | Liberal |
|  | Souris | William Oliver Fraser | Conservative |
|  | South Qu'Appelle | Anton Huck | Liberal |
|  | Swift Current | William Wensley Smith | Conservative |
|  | The Battlefords | Samuel Huston | Independent |
|  | Thunder Creek | Harold Lilly | Conservative |
|  | Tisdale | Walter Buckle | Conservative |
|  | Touchwood | John M. Parker | Liberal |
|  | Turtleford | Charles Ayre | Liberal |
|  | Vonda | James Hogan | Liberal |
|  | Wadena | John Robeson Taylor | Independent |
|  | Weyburn | Robert Leslie | Progressive |
|  | Wilkie | Alexander John McLeod | Conservative |
|  | Willow Bunch | Charles William Johnson | Liberal |
|  | Wolseley | William George Bennett | Conservative |
|  | Wynyard | Wilhelm Paulson | Liberal |
|  | Yorkton | Alan Carl Stewart | Independent |

### July 16, 1929

|  | District | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Cumberland | Deakin Alexander Hall | Liberal |

### August 12, 1929

|  | District | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Île-à-la-Crosse | Jules Marion | Liberal |

## Further reading

* Lemieux, Rodolphe; Falconer, Robert; Colquhoun, A. H. U.; Carrel, Frank; Beatty, E. W., eds. (1929). *The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1928–29*. Toronto: The Annual Review Company.

## InfoBox

1929 Saskatchewan general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| ---  63 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
32 seats needed for a majority | |
| First party Second party Third party  **PRO**   Leader James Gardiner James Anderson   Party Liberal Conservative Progressive  Leader since February 25, 1926 March 25, 1924   Leader's seat North Qu'Appelle Saskatoon City   Last election 50 3 6  Seats won 28 24 5  Seat change 22 21 1  Popular vote 164,487 131,550 24,988  Percentage 45.6% 36.4% 6.9%  Swing 6.0pp 18.1pp 16.1pp | |
| ---  **Premier before election**
James Gardiner
Liberal **Premier after election**
James Anderson
Conservative | |


title: Lenny Prince

abstract: Lenny Prince is a Guyanese-born American sculptor in glass and concrete, best known for his large installation pieces.

text:
# Lenny Prince

**Lenny Prince** (born 1965) is a Guyanese-born American sculptor in glass and concrete, best known for his large installation pieces.

## Early life

Prince was born in Guyana. He moved to New York at the age of 20, first settling in Brooklyn.

## Career

Prince briefly worked as a mechanic. By 1996, he had saved enough money to open Half Price Mufflers. Prince opened Lenny's Creations, a gallery in Staten Island, NY.

## Style

Prince adopted a constructivist, cybernetic sculpture style. He makes junkyard still lifes.

## Reception

*The New York Times* dubbed him "The Matisse of Mufflers".

## Work

### Public collections

Francis, a giant praying mantis, greets visitors outside the Staten Island Children's Museum in Snug Harbor, New York. He built a space shuttle sculpture out of scrap auto parts for Staten Island, New York.

## Recognition

His work was featured in the *Staten Island Advance* three times.

## InfoBox

| Lenny Prince | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1965 (1965) |
| Education | Self-taught |
| Known for | Sculpture |
| Movement | Impressionism |
| Awards | Staten Island Advance 3 times |
| Website | https://www.lennyscreation.com/ |


title: The Highlighters (band)

abstract: The Highlighters was a funk band from the U.S. city of Indianapolis with minor hits in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

text:
# The Highlighters (band)

**The Highlighters** was a funk band from the U.S. city of Indianapolis with minor hits in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

## History

The Highlighters was originally formed in 1963 by jazz musicians at Crispus Attucks High School in Indianapolis, Indiana. After three of the band members were drafted to fight in the Vietnam War, the band reorganized as a funk band with new members. Their songs *Poppin Popcorn* and *The Funky 16 Corners* were regional hits in Indiana.

When the band's original drummer, James "Porkchop" Edwards, returned from Vietnam, he sought to rejoin. Conflict over this led to the band dissolving in 1971. Many of the band's members would continue in the music industry, like Dewayne "Funky Buzzard" Garvin, who would perform as a drummer for artists like Marvin Gaye. In 2010, trumpeter Clifford Ratliff was inducted into the Indianapolis Jazz Hall of Fame.

The band's songs were re-issued in the 1990s, and became popular with collectors. *Funky 16 Corners* was included on a 2001 compilation album of the same name. It was also featured on the soundtrack of the action movie *Hit and Run* (2012).

## InfoBox

| The Highlighters | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. |
| Genres | Jazz, Funk |
| Years active | 1963–1971 |
|  | |
| Past members | * Clifford Palmer * Dewayne "Funky Buzzard" Garvin * James Bell * Richard Ball * James Brantley * James Boone * James “Porkchop” Edwards * Clifford Ratliff * Richard Corbin |


title: Sisyrinchium

abstract: Sisyrinchium is a large genus of annual to perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae. Native to the New World, the species are known as blue-eyed grasses. Although they are not true grasses (Poaceae), they are monocots. Several species in the eastern United States are threatened or endangered. This may be due to niche species emerging from their unique tendency toward rapid speciation which helps them adapt to specialized arenic habitats.

text:
# Sisyrinchium

***Sisyrinchium*** is a large genus of annual to perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae. Native to the New World, the species are known as **blue-eyed grasses.** Although they are not true grasses (Poaceae), they are monocots.

Several species in the eastern United States are threatened or endangered. This may be due to niche species emerging from their unique tendency toward rapid speciation which helps them adapt to specialized arenic habitats.

## Description

These are not true grasses, but many species have the general appearance of grasses, as they are low-growing plants with long, thin leaves. They often grow on grasslands. Many species resemble irises, to which they are more closely related. Most species grow as perennial plants, from a rhizome, though some are short-lived (e.g. *Sisyrinchium striatum)*, and some are annuals (e.g. *Sisyrinchium iridifolium*).

The flowers are relatively simple and often grow in clusters.

Many species, particularly the South American ones, are not blue, despite the common name. The genus includes species with blue, white, yellow, and purple petals, often with a contrasting centre. Of the species in the United States, the Western Blue-eyed Grass *(Sisyrinchium bellum*) is sometimes found with white flowers, while the California Golden-eyed Grass (*Sisyrinchium californicum*) has yellow flowers.

## Taxonomy

The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, based on the species *Sisyrinchium bermudiana* (commonly called *Bermudiana*). The taxonomy of this genus is rather perplexing and confusing, as several of these species, such as *Sisyrinchium angustifolium*, form complexes with many variants named as species. More genetic research and cladistic analysis need to be performed to sort out the relationships between the species. Some species, notably *Sisyrinchium douglasii*, have been transferred to the separate genus *Olsynium*.

The greatest diversity for the genus is found in South America.

Approximately one third of the species in the genus have oil producing hairs called elaiophores to attract oil-bees. Nearly all these species are native to South America.

## Etymology

*Sisyrinchíon* is the Greek word, recorded by Pliny and Theophrastus, for the Barbary nut iris (*Iris* or *Moraea sisyrinchium*), and refers to the way the corm tunics resemble a shaggy goat's-hair coat, *sisýra*. Authors as early as 1666 give the dubious etymology of Latin *sūs* "pig" and Greek *rhynchos* "nose", referring to pigs grubbing the roots. As Goldblatt and Manning explain, "the reason for applying the name to a genus of New World Iridaceae was apparently arbitrary."

## Selected species

There are up to 200 species, including:

* Rudall, P. J., A. Y. Kenton, and T. J. Lawrence. 1986 - An anatomical and chromosomal investigation of *Sisyrinchium* and allied genera. Bot. Gaz. 147: 466–477 Ajilvsgi, Geyata. 1984 - Wildflowers of Texas. Library of Congress: 84-50025

## InfoBox

| *Sisyrinchium* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Sisyrinchium bermudiana* L. (type species) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Subfamily: | Iridoideae |
| Tribe: | Sisyrinchieae |
| Genus: | *Sisyrinchium*<br>L. |
|
| Species | |
|  | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Bermudiana* Mill. * *Hydastylus* Dryand. ex Salisb. * *Souza* Vell. * *Paneguia* Raf. * *Pogadelpha* Raf. * *Echthronema* Herb. * *Eriphilema* Herb. * *Glumosia* Herb. * *Oreolirion* E.P.Bicknell | |


title: Slippy McGee (1948 film)

abstract: Slippy McGee is a 1948 American crime film directed by Albert H. Kelley, written by Jerome Gruskin and Norman S. Hall, and starring Don "Red" Barry, Dale Evans, Tom Brown, Harry Cheshire, James Seay and Murray Alper. It was released on January 15, 1948, by Republic Pictures.

text:
# Slippy McGee (1948 film)

***Slippy McGee*** is a 1948 American crime film directed by Albert H. Kelley, written by Jerome Gruskin and Norman S. Hall, and starring Don "Red" Barry, Dale Evans, Tom Brown, Harry Cheshire, James Seay and Murray Alper. It was released on January 15, 1948, by Republic Pictures.

## Plot

After he and a pair of accomplices, Al and Red, pull a $50,000 diamond heist, Slippy McGee separates from them and plans to hide out for a while in Middleton, a small town. A motorcycle-riding priest, Father Shanley, gives him a lift, then expresses his gratitude after Slippy saves a young boy from being hit by a truck.

In town, nurse Mary Hunter is asked by Dr. Moore to treat the newcomer's injuries. Slippy's monogram being noticed in his hat, he makes up the name "Steve Martin" on the spot. Mary's attentions to the patient stirs jealousy in suitor Tom Eustis, the richest man in town. Mary's rejection of his proposal infuriates Eustis, who sets out to ruin her father in business.

Al and Red turn up in town and decide to rob the bank. Suspicion falls on Slippy, who confronts his former partners and ends up killing Red in self-defense. When he decides to turn himself in to the law, Mary and others from Middleton say they'll vouch for his character and expect his return.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Slippy McGee | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Albert H. Kelley |
| Screenplay by | Jerome Gruskin
Norman S. Hall |
| Story by | Marie Conway |
| Produced by | Lou Brock |
| Starring | Don "Red" Barry
Dale Evans
Tom Brown
Harry Cheshire
James Seay
Murray Alper |
| Cinematography | John MacBurnie |
| Edited by | Lester Orlebeck |
| Music by | Mort Glickman |
| Production
company | Republic Pictures |
| Distributed by | Republic Pictures |
| Release date | * January 15, 1948 (1948-01-15) |
| Running time | 65 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Theodore B. Basselin

abstract: Theodore B. Basselin (1851–1914) was an American lumber magnate, best remembered for an endowed scholarship he created at the Theological College of the Catholic University of America. The Basselin scholarship has funded the philosophical education of many notable American churchmen.

text:
# Theodore B. Basselin

**Theodore B. Basselin** (1851–1914) was an American lumber magnate, best remembered for an endowed scholarship he created at the Theological College of the Catholic University of America. The Basselin scholarship has funded the philosophical education of many notable American churchmen.

## Biography

Basselin was born on March 24, 1851, in Grostenchen, now Grostenquin, a village in Lorraine, France. He emigrated to the United States at the age of three with his parents, Dominique Basselin and his mother, Anna Basselin (née Pierson). His father died when he was ten years old, and his mother raised him in the principles of business as he ran the family's general store. Basselin attended Niagara University, graduating at the age of twenty-two before returning to his home town of Croghan, New York, and becoming involved in the timber trade.

He quickly accumulated a fortune in the lumber trade, owning several thousands of acres of timberland and employing hundreds of people at the time of his death. An innovation which contributed to his success was his practice of using felled hemlock logs left to rot after they had been stripped of their bark for use in leather production. This allowed him to turn a waste product into a source of income. He diversified his business interests later in life, becoming involved in furniture production, the Lowville and Beaver River Railroad Company, a paper company, an electric power company, and banking.

Basselin was active in the Democratic party and served two terms as Croghan town supervisor. He was a friend of David B. Hill who served as Governor from 1885 to 1891. In 1885 the state legislature created a Forest Commission which was one of the first state forestry agencies in the United States. Governor Hill appointed Basselin as one of three Commissioners to run the new agency. The Forest Commission had charge of the state Forest Preserve lands in the Adirondacks and Catskills and the responsibility of promoting forestry and forest fire protection statewide. He served on the Forest Commission for six years. During his tenure important progress was made in forest fire prevention, protection of state lands, and the establishment of the Adirondack Park.

Basselin died at his home in Croghan on April 21, 1914, from Bright's disease.

## Legacy

Basselin died a millionaire, and left a generous will. He gave each of his two cousins, his only living relatives, $100,000 each. He left money to support his nurse, housekeeper, and barn man for the rest of their lives. He was especially generous to the Roman Catholic Church, leaving $100,000 to the Order of Friars Minor in Croghan for the creation of a college in the town.

He is primarily remembered today for the endowment he created at Theological College at the Catholic University of America for the construction of a building and a department for the education of young seminarians studying for the Catholic priesthood. One hundred and ten thousand dollars went to erect Basselin Hall, while $500,000 was set aside to fund a scholarship for "the very best and brightest" seminarians. The Basselin scholarship still exists today; notable recipients include the scripture scholar Father Raymond E. Brown, philosophers Monsignor John F. Wippel and Monsignor Robert Sokolowski, as well as Raymond Cardinal Burke, Daniel Cardinal DiNardo, Donald Cardinal Wuerl, Bishop Michael F. Olson, Bishop Robert Barron, Dr. Anthony Carona, Mitchell Carson, and Daniel Sessions.

Basselin is also remembered as one of the most influential citizens of Croghan, New York. His mansion and family cemetery still stand as landmarks in the town today.

## InfoBox

| Theodore B. Basselin | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1851-03-24)March 24, 1851
Grostenchen, France |
| Died | April 21, 1914(1914-04-21) (aged 63)
Croghan, New York, United States |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Businessman |
| Known for | Philanthropy |


title: Jon Unzaga

abstract: Jon Unzaga Bombín is a former Spanish professional road racing cyclist.

text:
# Jon Unzaga

**Jon Unzaga Bombín** (born August 20, 1962) is a former Spanish professional road racing cyclist.

## Achievements and awards

1988 2nd GP Villafranca de Ordizia 1989 7th Overall Euskal Bizikleta 9th Overall Vuelta a Murcia 1990 10th Trofeo Masferrer 1991 1st Stage 4 Euskal Bizikleta 1st Stage 2 Troféu Joaquim Agostinho 3rd Klasika Primavera 1992 1st Stage 8 Vuelta a España 2nd Road race, National Road Championships 4th Overall Euskal Bizikleta 1993 1st Klasika Primavera 6th Vuelta a Murcia 1994 6th Subida al Naranco 1995 6th Overall Vuelta a los Valles Mineros

## InfoBox

Jon Unzaga
| Unzaga at the 1993 Tour de France | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Jon Unzaga Bombín |
| Born | (1962-08-20) August 20, 1962
Laudio/Llodio, Spain |
| Team information | |
| Current team | Retired |
| Discipline | Road |
| Role | Rider |
| Professional teams | |
| 1987–1988 | Kas |
| 1989–1991 | Seur |
| 1992–1993 | CLAS–Cajastur |
| 1994–1996 | Mapei |
|  | |
| Major wins | |
| Vuelta a España, 1 stage
Klasika Primavera (1993) | |
|  | |