title: The Ten O'Clock News (1976 TV program)

abstract:
The Ten O'Clock News was a weeknight local television news show, broadcast from 1976 to 1991 by WGBH, the Boston PBS affiliate. It replaced a pair of earlier news programs: The Reporters (1970-1973) and Evening Compass (1973-1974). The show premiered on Thursday, January 15, 1976. Christopher Lydon became host of the program in 1977; his co-hosts included Gail Harris (1984-1987) and Carmen Fields (1987-1991). It won its first New England Emmy Award in 1978. Ultimately, the show and staff would win eight, including three for Best News Program. A Boston Globe 1991 editorial viewed the program as distinctive among television news broadcasts: "The show produces deeper reports on the joys and hardships of the city's poorer neighborhoods than customarily seen on the commercial channels."
A Globe editorial on the occasion of the show's cancellation wrote, "No other channel has approached the oddities and village politics of this city -- its cultural, religious and intellectual life included -- with more curiosity, energy, intelligence, and daring. The WGBH news audience... is diverse, cutting into gritty neighborhoods as well as upscale precincts of academe. Across the board it is an audience of thinking people." WGBH President Henry P. Becton Jr., explained the show's cancellation: "The downturn in the New England economy has finally caught up with WGBH, forcing us to make some hard choices about the way in which we serve our local community." The final broadcast aired on Thursday, May 30, 1991. From the fall of 1978 through May 1980, WGBY-TV, WGBH's sister station in Springfield, broadcast the program, opting in and out of the feed from Boston to insert locally produced news and features about Western Massachusetts.

text:
# The Ten O'Clock News (1976 TV program)

***The Ten O'Clock News*** was a weeknight local television news show, broadcast from 1976 to 1991 by WGBH, the Boston PBS affiliate. It replaced a pair of earlier news programs: *The Reporters* (1970-1973) and *Evening Compass* (1973-1974).

The show premiered on Thursday, January 15, 1976. Christopher Lydon became host of the program in 1977; his co-hosts included Gail Harris (1984-1987) and Carmen Fields (1987-1991). It won its first New England Emmy Award in 1978. Ultimately, the show and staff would win eight, including three for Best News Program.

A Boston Globe 1991 editorial viewed the program as distinctive among television news broadcasts: "The show produces deeper reports on the joys and hardships of the city's poorer neighborhoods than customarily seen on the commercial channels." A Globe editorial on the occasion of the show's cancellation wrote, "No other channel has approached the oddities and village politics of this city -- its cultural, religious and intellectual life included -- with more curiosity, energy, intelligence, and daring. The WGBH news audience . . . is diverse, cutting into gritty neighborhoods as well as upscale precincts of academe. Across the board it is an audience of thinking people."

WGBH President Henry P. Becton Jr., explained the show's cancellation: "The downturn in the New England economy has finally caught up with WGBH, forcing us to make some hard choices about the way in which we serve our local community." The final broadcast aired on Thursday, May 30, 1991.

From the fall of 1978 through May 1980, WGBY-TV, WGBH's sister station in Springfield, broadcast the program, opting in and out of the feed from Boston to insert locally produced news and features about Western Massachusetts.

## InfoBox

| *The Ten O'Clock News* | |
| --- | --- |
| Presented by | Christopher Lydon |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original release | |
| Network | WGBH |
| Release | January 15, 1976 (1976-01-15) <br>May 30, 1991 (1991-05-30) |


title: Seven Ranges

abstract: The Seven Ranges was a land tract in eastern Ohio that was the first tract to be surveyed in what became the Public Land Survey System. The tract is 42 miles (68 km) across the northern edge, 91 miles (146 km) on the western edge, with the south and east sides along the Ohio River. It consists of all of Monroe, Harrison, Belmont and Jefferson, and portions of Carroll, Columbiana, Tuscarawas, Guernsey, Noble, and Washington County.

text:
# Seven Ranges

The **Seven Ranges** (also known as the **Old Seven Ranges**) was a land tract in eastern Ohio that was the first tract to be surveyed in what became the Public Land Survey System. The tract is 42 miles (68 km) across the northern edge, 91 miles (146 km) on the western edge, with the south and east sides along the Ohio River. It consists of all of Monroe, Harrison, Belmont and Jefferson, and portions of Carroll, Columbiana, Tuscarawas, Guernsey, Noble, and Washington County.

## History

Acquired by Great Britain from France following the 1763 Treaty of Paris, the Ohio Country had been closed to white settlement by the Proclamation of 1763. The United States claimed the region after the 1783 Treaty of Paris that ended the American Revolutionary War. In spite of the prohibition on settlement, a number of squatters moved into the land north of the Ohio River making settlements in Tiltonsville, Martins Ferry and other places, who were removed by force by the federal government. The Congress passed the Land Ordinance of 1785 as a formal means of surveying, selling, and settling the land and raising revenue. Land was to be systematically surveyed into square "townships", six miles (9.656 km) on a side created by lines running north-south intersected by east-west lines. Townships were to be arranged in north-south rows called ranges. These townships were sub-divided into thirty-six "sections" of one square mile (2.59 km2) or 640 acres. These ranges, townships, and sections were to be systematically numbered.

The first north-south line, **Eastern Ohio Meridian**, was to be the western boundary of Pennsylvania, sometimes called **Ellicott's Line** after Andrew Ellicott, who had been in charge of surveying it, and the first east-west line (called the Geographer's Line or Base Line) was to begin where the Pennsylvania boundary touched the north bank of the Ohio River, the Beginning Point of the U.S. Public Land Survey 40°38′33″N 80°31′10″W / 40.64250°N 80.51944°W / 40.64250; -80.51944 (beginning point). The Geographer's Line was to extend westward through "the whole territory" which at that time was meant to include lands lying between the Ohio River and Lake Erie.

The Geographer of the United States, Thomas Hutchins, was to make a return of the survey after each seven ranges had been completed, at which time the Secretary of War was to choose by lot one seventh of the land to compensate veterans of the Continental army. The rest of the lots were to be sold at auction in New York, then the nation's capital. A section (one square mile or 640 acres) was the smallest unit for sale, and some townships were to be sold in their entirety. The minimum price was one dollar per acre to be paid in cash or in land warrants of equivalent value. No land would be sold on credit.

The 1785 act called for one surveyor to be appointed by Congress from each state:

## Survey

### Process

After passage of the act, on May 27, 1785, Hutchins was appropriated funds and made arrangements. He arrived in Pittsburgh on September 3, and wrote a letter to the President of Congress noting that the requirement of the act for equal square townships could not be strictly met on a nearly spherical planet. Hutchins began the survey of the Geographer's Line on September 30. On October 8, word was received of an Indian attack on the Tuscarawas River. He and his men were scared, and returned to Pittsburgh after only a few miles of the Geographers Line had been completed. Hutchins returned to New York that autumn. On May 9, 1786, Congress instructed him to continue his survey only south of the Geographers line, because the position of the 41st line of latitude, the northern boundary of the Congress Lands, north of which is the Connecticut Western Reserve, was unsettled.

Hutchins arrived in Pittsburgh July 25, 1786. He and his men resumed their survey on August 5, and by September, 1786, they placed a stone completing the Geographer's Line at a place near Magnolia called the Seven Ranges Terminus 40°39′07″N 81°19′05″W / 40.65194°N 81.31806°W / 40.65194; -81.31806 (Seven Ranges Terminus). Under protection from Indians by troops housed at the newly constructed Fort Steuben, the group completed four ranges, and forty two miles of the west side of the fifth range that autumn. The first and second ranges had been surveyed into townships by Captain Martin, and the third and fourth ranges by General Tupper, Colonel Sproat, Colonel Sherman, and Mr. Simpson. Hutchins submitted a plat of the first four ranges to Congress spring, 1787. In June 1787, Hutchins asked a leave of absence that was granted, and the surveyors of the previous year continued the survey. Israel Ludlow completed the seventh range, with the southwest corner 39°20′33″N 81°21′52″W / 39.34250°N 81.36444°W / 39.34250; -81.36444 (southwest corner) a few miles up the Ohio river from Marietta, Ohio, followed by James Simpson in the sixth range and Absalom Martin in the fifth. Those three returned to New York, where, with Hutchins, they completed their report. Hutchins submitted the general plan, concluding notes, and plats to the board of treasury on July 26, 1788. In 1788, Hutchins began surveying additional lands on September 2, but fell ill and returned to Pittsburgh, where he died April 28, 1789, his survey incomplete.

The original survey set stones at one mile (1.6 km) intervals along the four sides of each township, and did not venture to the interior. The individual sections were not completely surveyed until 1806.

### Numbering

The sections of each survey township are numbered according to the plan of the Land Ordinance of 1785. The Ranges are numbered starting from Ellicott's Line working westward. Townships are numbered starting from the southernmost township or partial township in each range, and numbering northward toward the Geographers line, a system called the Ohio River Base. Thus, townships next to one another do not have the same number due to the irregularity of the Ohio River's course, with the townships adjacent to the Geographer's Line numbered 5, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 in ranges 1 to 7. This deficiency was corrected outside of Ohio by numbering from a baseline.

## Land Sales

Public sales began in 1787 in New York, and were continued in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Steubenville, Ohio. Difficulties with Indians continued in the area until the Treaty of Greenville in 1795, and settlement was slow. Steubenville was founded in 1797, and the Federal Land Office there opened in 1801. The Steubenville Land Office was responsible for sales in the northern part of the tract, within 48 miles (77 km) of the Geographer's Line. The Marietta Land Office sold lands in the southern part. The United States General Land Office in the nation's capital also sold land. Local offices were eventually closed. The area was settled mostly by Pennsylvanians and Virginians. Section 16 of each survey township was set aside for public education as School Lands. Knepper notes: "Sections number 8, 11, 26, and 29 in every township were reserved for future sale by the federal government when, it was hoped, they would bring higher prices because of developed land around them. Congress also reserved one third part of all gold, silver, lead, and copper mines to its own use, a bit of wishful thinking as regards Ohio lands."

## Dohrman Tract

Arnold Henry Dohrman helped the American cause in the revolutionary war at great expense while living in Portugal. Unable to fully compensate him monetarily, Congress granted him township 13 of range 7 in what became known as the Dohrman Tract or Dohrman's Grant, now a part of Harrison and Tuscarawas Counties.

## Ephraim Kimberly Grant

The Ephraim Kimberly Grant was a 300-acre (1.2 km2) land tract in township 4 of range 2 of the Seven Ranges that was granted to an American Revolutionary War veteran by Congress late in the 18th century.

## Legacy

The plan to return plats to Congress after each seven ranges was abandoned after the first seven. The 1785 section numbering plan was subsequently used for the privately surveyed Symmes Purchase and, with some modifications, by the privately surveyed Ohio Company of Associates. A different system was established for later surveys.
The system of numbering townships north from the Ohio River Base, and ranges west from Pennsylvania was used for the Ohio Company of Associates, Congress Lands North of Old Seven Ranges and Congress Lands East of Scioto River.
A point on the west boundary of the Seven Ranges fifty miles south of the Geographer's Line is the meridian for the United States Military District.


title: Christoph Bernoulli

abstract: Carl Christoph Friedrich Bernoulli was a Swiss art dealer and interior designer from the Bernoulli family of scholars.

text:
# Christoph Bernoulli

**Carl Christoph Friedrich Bernoulli** (born 2 October 1897 in Basel; died 9 August 1981 in Rheinfelden) was a Swiss art dealer and interior designer from the Bernoulli family of scholars.

## Early life

Christoph Bernoulli was born in 1897, into the well-known Bernoulli family. Son of the librarian Carl Christoph Bernoulli and Anna Bertha, née Burger, he spent his childhood in Basel with two older sisters. In 1917 he began to study law in Basel and Zurich but soon switched to philosophy, music history and German literary history, completing his doctorate in 1921 on The Music of Romanticism.

In 1921 he and his father founded the music publishing house "Edition Bernoulli" in Berlin, in 1922 he was a trainee at Frankfurter Zeitung. On 4 March 1926 he married Alice. The couple had two sons: Carl Christoph (1929–2011) and Peter Daniel (1936–2007). Bernoulli worked mainly as an art dealer and interior designer.

Among his acquaintances among the cultural workers in Berlin in the 1920s were the actress Eleonora von Mendelssohn and her brother, the musician Francesco von Mendelssohn. The Bernoulli couple remained friends with the von Mendelssohn siblings until their death and they visited each other frequently.

## Art

In 1938/1939 Bernoulli was commissioned to furnish the wine bar in the model hotel at the Swiss National Exhibition in Zurich. He collected Appenzell peasant painters and in 1941, together with Lucas Lichtenhan, organized the Swiss Folk Art exhibition at the Kunsthalle Basel.

Bernoulli helped organize exhibitions of tapestries from the High Middle Ages and of old silver at the Kunstmuseum Basel.

## Investigations into Nazi-era activities (1933-1945)

Switzerland was a major center for trading in Nazi-looted art and numerous investigations named Christoph Bernoulli as one of the art dealers involved in this trade.

In 1946 the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) Art Looting Intelligence Unit compiled a list of people who were allegedly involved in "looted art" trafficking in which Bernoulli appears in connection with Nazi looter Hans Wendland ("Reported also by French Police to have transacted business in Paris on Wendland's behalf.)" and the E.R.R. looting organization. ("Six ERR-confiscated pictures passed through his hands.")

The Swiss Bergier report commissioned by the Swiss government in 1996 to investigate Switzerland's activities during World War II, emphasized Bernoulli's role in bringing degenerate art from Germany \[to\] come to American museums, notably the Museum of Modern Art in New York.*"*

Bernoulli had a close, long-term relationship with both Curt Valentin and Alex Vömel, the Nazi art dealer who in 1933 Aryanized the gallery of his former employer Alfred Flechtheim. Vömel sold part of Flechtheim's collection through Bernoulli.

The Basel Historical Museum describes Bernoulli as an "educated and sociable art connoisseur "and says that "During the time of National Socialism he supported numerous emigrants".

## Postwar career

Bernoulli continued his art dealing, curatorial and cultural activities after the war. In 1946 Bernoulli set up the Swiss embassy in Paris, which was used as a warehouse during the war, for his friend, the historian, diplomat and writer Carl Jacob Burckhardt. In 1947 he worked on the decor of the newly created Ciba Foundation in London.

In 1950/1951, Bernoulli was appointed honorary delegate for exhibition questions at the Kunsthalle Basel, where he co-organized the following exhibitions: Blauer Reiter, 1950; L'Apocalypse - Tapestries from Angers Cathedral, 1951; Old silver from a private collection in Basel, 1951; Treasures of Ancient Egyptian Art, 1953; Masterpieces of Greek Art, 1960; 125 years of landscape painting in Basel, 1964. After the complete renovation, in 1955 he took over the furnishing of the Wildt'schen House on Petersplatz in Basel. During 1963/1964 he undertook to create a museum for the Baur Collection in Geneva. In 1966 he and a team organized a new Jewish museum in Basel's old town and helped set up the Antikenmuseum Basel. In 1976/77 he set up a museum in the converted Murten town mill.

In 1962, he published *Schweizerische Volkskünstler* and in 1964 he published "*Ansprache anlässlich der Eröffnung der zweiten Jubiläumsausstellung "125 Jahre Basler Landschaft" am 5. Sept. 1964 in der Kunsthalle*".

Bernoulli died on 9 August 1981 in Rheinfelden (AG).

## Restitution claims

Several claims for restitution by the families of Jewish collectors persecuted by the Nazis involve artworks that passed through Bernoulli. One of the most famous is Léone Meyer's claim against the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art at the University of Oklahoma for the Pissarro *Shepherdess Bringing in the Sheep*. The painting was looted by the Nazis in Paris in 1941 and has been the object of ferocious legal battles for decades. Bernoulli acquired the looted painting, before selling it in New York. After the war, Raoul Meyer tried to recover his looted paintings, and in 1953, he sued Bernoulli for its return as Nazi loot but a Swiss judge dismissed the suit, saying a five-year window for such lawsuits had passed. Decades later, his granddaughter located the painting in the Fred Jones jr. Museum of Art and sued for restitution.

In 2021, an heir of Lotte von Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, who was also known as Countess Charlotte von Wesdehlen, made a restitution claim against the Kunstmuseum Basel for a painting by Henri Rousseau that the museum had purchased through Bernoulli. The museum acknowledged that the Jewish art collector has been persecuted by the Nazis but refused to restitute *The Muse that Inspires the Poet.*

## Work

### Monographs

* *Die Psychologie von Carl Gustav Carus und deren geistesgeschichtliche Bedeutung.* Diss., Diederich, Jena 1925.
* *Vom Sinn des Kunsthandwerks.* Offizin Hartung, Hamburg 1961.
* *Alberto Giacometti, 1901–1966*, Erinnerungen und Aufzeichnungen. Huber, Bern 1974.
* *Christoph Bernoulli: Ausgewählte Vorträge und Schriften*. Mit Briefen und Beiträgen von Freunden. Hrsg. von Peter Nathan. Berichthaus, Zürich 1967.

### Texts (selection)

* Rudolf Hanhart; Vorwort von Christoph Bernoulli: *Appenzeller Bauernmalerei*. Niggli, Teufen 1959/1970.
* René Wehrli; Textbeiträge von Christoph Bernoulli und Ernst Morgenthaler: *Hans Fischer genannt Fis.* Artemis Verlag, Zürich 1959.
* Christoph Bernoulli: *Kleine Festrede zum 80jährigen Bestehen des Museums für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte Dortmund.* Schloss Cappenberg, 10. April 1963. Kulturamt, Dortmund 1963.
* Manuel Gasser, Willy Rotzler: *Kunstschätze in der Schweiz.* Einl. von Christoph Bernoulli. Manesse Verlag, Zürich 1964.
* Christoph Bernoulli: Gedenkrede in *Georg Schmidt 1896-1965*. Basel 1965.
* René Creux; unter Mitarbeit von Christoph Bernoulli: *Volkskunst in der Schweiz.* Editions de Fontainemore, Paudex 1970.
* Charles Apothéloz; Vorwort von Christoph Bernoulli: *Meisterwerke des Scherenschnitts.* J. J. Hauswirth, L. Saugy. Huber, Frauenfeld 1978.

## Literature

* René Bernoulli-Sutter; unter Mitarbeit von Lion Bernoulli: *Die Familie Bernoulli*, Helbing & Lichtenhahn, Basel 1972.
* *Christoph Bernoulli – Spass mit Briefmarken*, Enveloppements, Christoph Bernoullis Briefmarken-Spiele. Basler Zeitung, Basel 1979.
* Blubacher, Thomas (2012). *Gibt es etwas Schöneres als Sehnsucht? die Geschwister Eleonora und Francesco von Mendelssohn* (1. Aufl ed.). Berlin. ISBN 978-3-458-35813-8. OCLC 794503889.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Blubacher, Thomas (2010). *"Die Holbeinstrasse, das ist das Europa, das ich liebe" achtzehn biographische Miniaturen aus dem Basel des 20. Jahrhunderts*. Basel. ISBN 978-3-7965-2703-6. OCLC 696036197.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* *Fluchtgut--Raubgut : der Transfer von Kulturgütern in und über die Schweiz 1933-1945 und die Frage der Restitution*. Esther Tisa Francini, Anja Heuss, Georg Kreis. Zürich: Chronos. 2001. ISBN 3-0340-0601-2. OCLC 50387692.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: others (link)

1. "Dr. phil. I. Carl Christoph Rudolf BERNOULLI, 1861 - 1923". *www.myheritage.fr*. Archived from the original on 2021-05-03. Retrieved 2021-05-03.
2. Dodis, Diplomatische Dokumente der Schweiz | Documents diplomatiques suisses | Documenti diplomatici svizzeri | Diplomatic Documents of Switzerland |. "Bernoulli, Alice". *dodis.ch*. Retrieved 2021-05-03.
3. Blubacher, Thomas (2012). *Gibt es etwas Schöneres als Sehnsucht? : die Geschwister Eleonora und Francesco von Mendelssohn*. Insel-Verl. ISBN 978-3-458-35813-8. OCLC 875045642.
4. "History • Kunsthalle Basel". *Kunsthalle Basel*. April 17, 2014. Archived from the original on 2021-05-02. Retrieved 2021-05-02. Robert T. Stoll (1919–2006) studied German, art history, and archaeology in Basel and was a junior lecturer at Cambridge before taking over as director at the age of thirty. Dr. Christoph Bernoulli was assigned by the Kunstverein committee to support him as a kind of mentor. Bernoulli was behind the exhibitions of tapestries from the High Middle Ages and of old silver held during Stoll's term in office.
5. Polack, Emmanuelle (2019). *Le marché de l'art sous l'Occupation : 1940-1944*. ISBN 979-10-210-2089-4. OCLC 1089004607. Annex 7: La Suisse, plaque tournante des oeuvres d'art. Les chiffres officiels de l'importation des oeuvres d'art en Suisse entre 1941 et 1944 témoignent d'une augmentation importante des objects en provenance du Reich. Ces données alimentent la thèse selon laquelle la Suisse aurait abrité une filière d'écoulement d'oeuves aux origines incertaines.
6. Petropoulos, Jonathan (2016-07-27). "Art Dealer Networks in the Third Reich and in the Postwar Period". *Journal of Contemporary History*. **52** (3): 546–565. doi:10.1177/0022009416637417. ISSN 0022-0094. S2CID 159830753. Other key dealers who traded in looted objects include Christoph Bernoulli.
7. Buomberger, Thomas (1998). *Raubkunst, Kunstraub : die Schweiz und der Handel mit gestohlenen Kulturgütern zur Zeit des Zweiten Weltkriegs*. Switzerland. Bundesamt für Kultur, Nationale Informationsstelle für Kulturgüter-Erhaltung. Zürich: Orell Füssli. pp. 67, 81, 84, 96, 123, 161, 256, 314. ISBN 3-280-02807-8. OCLC 40985424.
8. O'Donnell, Nicholas M. (2017). *A tragic fate : law and ethics in the battle over Nazi-looted art*. Chicago, Illinois. ISBN 978-1-63425-733-6. OCLC 961009560. Bernoulli was listed on a 1946 "Index of enemy and collaborationist personnel involved in art looted recommended for exclusion from the United States"`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
9. "Art Looting Intelligence Unit (ALIU) Reports 1945-1946 and ALIU Red Flag Names List and Index". *www.lootedart.com*. Archived from the original on 2009-07-15. Retrieved 2021-03-22. Bernoulli, Christophe. Basle. Well known younger art dealer, of good family with strong connections. Six ERR-confiscated pictures passed through his hands. See Allied List. Close friend of Burchardt, the Swiss Ambassador to France for whom he made several trips to Paris in 1945, to arrange for redecoration of the Swiss Embassy. Reported also by French Police to have transacted business in Paris on Wendland's behalf.
10. "Lost Art Internet Database - Beteiligte Privatpersonen und Körperschaften am NS-Kulturgutraub - Bernoulli, Dr. Christoph". *www.lostart.de*. Retrieved 2021-03-22.
11. Cohan, William D. (2011-11-17). "MoMA's Problematic Provenances". *ARTnews.com*. Archived from the original on 2019-12-08. Retrieved 2021-03-22. "The highest concentration of works of degenerate art from Germany \[to\] come to an American museum through Valentin's influence and connections with Buchholz in Germany and Bernoulli"—art dealer Christophe Bernoulli, a longtime Valentin friend—"in Switzerland, can be found today at the Museum of Modern Art in New York," Stein concluded.
12. *Fluchtgut--Raubgut : der Transfer von Kulturgütern in und über die Schweiz 1933-1945 und die Frage der Restitution*. Esther Tisa Francini, Anja Heuss, Georg Kreis. Zürich: Chronos. 2001. ISBN 3-0340-0601-2. OCLC 50387692.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: others (link)
13. Tisa Francini, Esther (2001). *Fluchtgut - Raubgut : der Transfer von Kulturgütern in und über die Schweiz 1933-1945 und die Frage der Restitution*. ISBN 978-3-0340-0601-9. OCLC 965432798.
14. "United States District Court Southern District of New York Michael R. Hulton and Penny R. Hulton, Plaintiffs, - against - Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, a/k/a The Bavarian State Paintings Collections, and Freistaat Bayern, a/k/a the Free State of Bavaria, a political subdivision of a foreign state" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-05-02. 88. By that time Vömel had already begun selling Flechtheim's collection, at least in part, through Christoph Bernoulli—a Swiss art dealer, now notorious as a profiteer from art and property left behind in desperation by Jews in Germany and eventually other occupied countries—converting for his own profit what clearly belonged to the owner of the gallery, not his traitorous assistant.
15. "Details - HMB Porträt des Christoph Bernoulli gemalt von Irène Zurkinden". *www.hmb.ch*. Archived from the original on 2020-01-01. Retrieved 2021-05-03. Der universal gebildete und gesellige Kunstkenner Dr. Christoph Bernoulli (1897-1981) hatte bedeutenden Einfluss auf das Basler Kulturleben. So hat er unter anderem das Wildtsche Haus und das Jüdische Museum in Basel eingerichtet und leitete 1950-51 interimistisch die Kunsthalle. In der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus unterstützte er zahlreiche Emigranten.
16. "François Gauzi · Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec · Stiftung Sammlung E.G. Bührle". *www.buehrle.ch*. Retrieved 2021-05-03.
17. "A PAIR OF BRASS AND PATINATED METAL CORINTHIAN COLUMN TABLE LAMPS". *www.christies.com*. Archived from the original on 2021-05-03. Retrieved 2021-05-03. This building was chosen by the Ciba (later Novartis) Foundation in 1947 as the location for a new charitable foundation devoted to promoting international cooperation in medical and chemical research. At its inception, the foundation commissioned Dr Christoph Bernoulli from Switzerland to furnish the building with Adam and Regency pieces in keeping with the age of the house, creating a rich collection and a stimulating environment for the many scientists - including 83 Nobel Laureates who visited the building over the following 60 years.
18. Bernoulli, Christoph (1962). *Schweizerische Volkskünstler*. \[Zürich\]: \[Verlag nicht ermittelbar\]. Archived from the original on 2021-05-03. Retrieved 2021-05-03.
19. Bernoulli, Christoph (1964). *Ansprache anlässlich der Eröffnung der zweiten Jubiläumsausstellung "125 Jahre Basler Landschaft" am 5. Sept. 1964 in der Kunsthalle*. \[Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar\]: \[Verlag nicht ermittelbar\].
20. "French Woman Sues University of Oklahoma to Recover Nazi-Looted Art". *www.lootedart.com*. Archived from the original on 2016-08-17. Retrieved 2021-03-22.
21. "World Jewish Congress". *World Jewish Congress*. Retrieved 2021-03-22. In another case, the Meyer family of France lost its art collection in 1941 in a similar theft. In 1952, their painting "shepherdess bringing in sheep" by Camille Pissarro, was found in the possession of a prominent Basel art dealer, Christoph Bernoulli. When the Meyer family attempted to negotiate its restitution, Mr. Bernoulli, offered to sell it back to them, but at full market price. Does that sound right to you? When the Meyer family brought legal action against the dealer, the Basel court held that the Meyer family could not get it back. Why? The court said the Meyers could not prove Mr. Bernoulli purchased the painting in bad faith. Case closed. The painting resurfaced again 60 years later, in 2012, in, of all places, the Fred Jones Museum at the University of Oklahoma, where it was donated as a gift.
22. Frydman, Arthur (2020-12-15). "" La Bergère rentrant des moutons " de Pissarro restera-t-il en France ?". *Le Point* (in French). Retrieved 2021-05-26.
23. Perrier, Fabien (2020-12-15). "Cette bataille judiciaire derrière La Bergère rentrant des moutons de Pissarro". *www.marianne.net* (in French). Retrieved 2021-05-26.
24. "French woman faces court threat in 'quest' to win back Nazi-looted Pissarro". *the Guardian*. 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
25. "Dérobé par les nazis, un Pissarro est restitué à sa propriétaire française". *Connaissance des Arts* (in French). 2016-02-29. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
26. "French Woman Sues University of Oklahoma to Recover Nazi-Looted Art". *www.lootedart.com*. Archived from the original on 2016-08-17. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
27. "French woman sues OU in hopes of recovering painting stolen by Nazis". *www.lootedart.com*. Archived from the original on 2016-08-17. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
28. Art Lawyers Association. "A loss of assets due to persecution: Definitely Yes! But Restitution: No!". *www.lootedart.com*. Retrieved 2024-02-05.

\[\[Category:1981 deaths\]\] \[\[Category:1897 births\]\] \[\[Category:Swiss people\]\] \[\[Category:Interior designers\]\] \[\[Category:Art dealers\]\]


title: Shing-a-ling (food)

abstract: Shing-a-ling is a Filipino snack made from dried thick egg noodles locally known as pancit miki that is deep-fried and dusted with garlic, chili, and beef powder. It can also be eaten as is with a vinegar-based dip, or dusted in sugar. Some commercial versions directly fry wheat dough. It has a distinctive shape that resembles green beans.

text:
# Shing-a-ling (food)

**Shing-a-ling** is a Filipino snack made from dried thick egg noodles locally known as *pancit miki* that is deep-fried and dusted with garlic, chili, and beef powder. It can also be eaten as is with a vinegar-based dip, or dusted in sugar. Some commercial versions directly fry wheat dough. It has a distinctive shape that resembles green beans.

## InfoBox

Shing-a-ling
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Alternative names | shingaling |
| Type | Snack |
| Place of origin | Philippines |


title: Robert Jenison

abstract: Robert Jenison (1584?–1652) was an English Puritan cleric and academic.

text:
# Robert Jenison

**Robert Jenison** (1584?–1652) was an English Puritan cleric and academic.

## Life

The son of Ralph Jenison, who died mayor of Newcastle upon Tyne on 16 May 1597, and cousin of Robert Jenison the Jesuit, he was born at Newcastle about 1583, and was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where his tutor was Samuel Ward, with whom he later kept up a correspondence, graduating B.A. in 1605. He moved to St John's College, where he was admitted fellow in 1607. He subsequently became D.D., and seems to have acted for some time as domestic chaplain in the family of Henry Grey, 6th Earl of Kent.

Jenison resigned his fellowship in March 1619, having previously been appointed the first master of St. Mary Magdalene's Hospital, Newcastle, which was reincorporated by James I in 1611. He was made a lecturer at All Saints' Church, Newcastle upon Tyne, in 1622. Thomas Jackson was brought into St. Nicholas, Newcastle in 1623, to thwart moves to have Jenison appointed. Subscriptions were made for him, and in 1631 Trinity House sent him a present of four gallons of sack.

Suspended for nonconformity in 1639, Jenison went to Danzig, avoiding religious controversies. With the sequestration of Yeldred Alvey, the royalist vicar of St. Nicholas, Newcastle, by the House of Commons in 1645, he was recalled to fill Alvey's place as a preacher. Shortly after his appointment he administered the Solemn League and Covenant to the major Guild of Masters and Mariners in Newcastle. In 1651 Jenison joined with six other ministers of Newcastle in complaining to Oliver Cromwell that Robert Everard was preaching Arminian and Socinian doctrines, encouraged in so doing by Lieutenant-colonel Mason who was commanding the garrison in Colonel Fairfax's absence.

Jenison died on 6 November 1652, and was buried in St. Nicholas Church. His successor was Samuel Hammond.

## Works

Jenison wrote:

* *The Christian's Apparelling by Christ* (with a preface by Richard Sibbes), 1625.
* *The Citie's Safetie; or, a fruitfull treatise … on Psalm cxxvij. 1*, 1630.
* *Newcastle's Call to her Neighbours and sister Townes and Cities throughout the Land, to take Warning by her Sins and Sorrows lest this overflowing Scourge of Pestilence reach even to them also*, London, 1637.
* *Of Compunction or Pricking of Heart, the time, means, nature, necessity, and order of it, and of Conversion*, (no date), with *A Catalogue of the most Vendible Books in England*, London, 1657.

## Family

Jenison married Barbara, daughter of Samuel Sanderson of Hedleyhope, County Durham, She survived him and remarried John Emerson, mayor of Newcastle in 1660, dying 9 August 1673.

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1892). "Jenison, Robert (1584?-1652)". *Dictionary of National Biography*. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co.


title: Felony (film)

abstract: Felony is a 2013 Australian crime thriller film directed by Matthew Saville. Joel Edgerton wrote, produced and co-starred in the film. Tom Wilkinson, Jai Courtney, and Melissa George also appeared in the film. It was screened in the Special Presentation section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

text:
# Felony (film)

***Felony*** is a 2013 Australian crime thriller film directed by Matthew Saville. Joel Edgerton wrote, produced and co-starred in the film. Tom Wilkinson, Jai Courtney, and Melissa George also appeared in the film. It was screened in the Special Presentation section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

## Plot

While chasing an escaping suspect during a raid on a drug lab, Detective Malcolm “Mal” Toohey (Joel Edgerton) is shot and saved by his protective vest. After celebrating, Mal drives home drunk and hits a young boy on a bike with his side-view mirror. He calls an ambulance, but denies any involvement in the accident. When honest young detective constable Jim Melic (Jai Courtney) and his cynical older partner Carl Summer (Tom Wilkinson) arrive on the scene, Carl recognizes Mal and sends Jim off to secure the perimeter. He questions Mal privately and sends him home, making Jim suspicious.

The boy is identified as William Sarduka and Jim falls in love with the boy's mother, Ankhila (Sarah Roberts). Meanwhile, Carl has become obsessed with proving that a pedophile named Victor is responsible for the abduction and rape of a young girl. During a court hearing, Victor is released on bail. Afterwards, Carl cynically criticizes and questions the legal system. At a secret meeting with Carl, Mal says he wants to come clean and reveal his responsibility for the accident, unlike his witness statement in which he claimed to have seen the person responsible drive away. Carl insists that Mal keep it secret, for both their sakes, but he cannot get Mal to agree.

Mal and his family visit Ankhila and William in the hospital. At home, Mal tells his wife Julie (Melissa George) that he hit William and she tells Mal that William has brain damage and will likely die. Their relationship becomes distant. Carl finds Jim in the hospital parking lot, but cannot convince Jim to back off, and appears to make him even more resolute in his investigation of Mal. Jim offers to take Ankhila to the hospital and she accepts his offer. At her apartment, he tries to kiss her, but she rejects him. They drive to the hospital in silence and arrive to find William has just died. Jim stands alone in the corridor outside the hospital room, dejected.

Mal arranges a meeting with Carl and Jim, in which he tells Jim he hit William and is going to come clean. Carl belittles Mal for being weak. Turning to Jim, Carl accuses him of sleeping with Ankhila. He begins taunting him, claiming he is as imperfect as his colleagues, and sneeringly suggesting Jim might get AIDS. Jim grapples Carl onto the ground in a headlock. Mal separates the two, but Carl lies on the ground, unconscious. Jim calls an ambulance as Mal tries to help Carl.

Mal goes to visit Carl in the hospital, but slack-mouthed, and apparently having had a stroke, he can only say the words "yeah" and "good". Out in the corridor, Mal tells Jim that the doctors said it was going to happen to Carl soon, regardless, to comfort him. Mal also informs Jim that there are no cameras in the back of Tamberine's, the building in which the trio had met; implying that Mal now knew Jim's secret, just as Jim knew his, and that the younger man was just as morally conflicted as he was. He drives past William's school and hears some kids calling William's name. Mal looks at them and crashes into the back of a truck, causing him to bleed heavily from his scalp. Bleeding, Mal sits at a nearby bench and then walks to Ankhila's residence. He knocks on the door, but she ignores it. He stumbles in the hallway, and his body sagging, falls unconscious.

Mal wakes up to paramedics treating him. The police arrive and talk to Ankhila. They ask Mal what happened, and he tells them she did not do anything to him. As he continues repeating those words, he tells her "I did it", and that he was sorry, tears welling in his eyes. Ankhila appears to realize Mal is responsible for her son's death, but chooses to tell the police only that Mal had helped her son. The movie ends with Mal and Julie taking their children to school. They look across the street and see Jim leaning against his car with two cups of coffee, implying that Mal is going to be Jim's new partner.

## Cast

## Production

Matthew Saville signed on to direct the film with Rosemary Blight and Michael Benaroya producing. Joel Edgerton wrote, produced and starred in the film.

## Reception

*Felony* holds a 70% "Fresh" rating at Rotten Tomatoes based on 33 reviews, with an average rating of 6.61/10. The critical consensus says that: "*Felony* covers familiar ground but does so with uncommon style, thanks to a thought-provoking script, sharp direction, and powerful work from a talented cast."

### Accolades

| Award | Category | Subject | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AACTA Award
(4th) | Best Sound | William Ward | Nominated |
| | | Robert Mackenzie | Nominated |
| | | Andrew Plain | Nominated |
| | | Grant Shepherd | Nominated |
| ADG Award | Best Direction in a Feature Film | Matthew Saville | Nominated |
| AFCA Award | Best Actor in a Supporting Role | Jai Courtney | Nominated |
| ASSG Award | Feature Film Soundtrack of the Year | Bryony Marks | Nominated |
| | Best Achievement in Mixing for a Feature Film | Robert Mackenzie | Nominated |
| | Sam Hayward | Nominated |
| FCCA Awards | Best Screenplay | Joel Edgerton | Nominated |
| | Best Actor | | Nominated |
| | Best Supporting Actor | Jai Courtney | Nominated |
| | Tom Wilkinson | Nominated |
| | Best Supporting Actress | Melissa George | Nominated |

## InfoBox

| Felony | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | Matthew Saville |
| Written by | Joel Edgerton |
| Produced by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Mark Wareham |
| Edited by | Geoff Hitchins |
| Music by | Bryony Marks |
| Production
companies |  |
| Release dates | * 10 September 2013 (2013-09-10) (TIFF) * 28 August 2014 (2014-08-28) (Australia) |
| Running time | 105 minutes |
| Country | Australia |
| Language | English |


title: Charles Bagge Plowright

abstract: Charles Bagge Plowright was a British medical doctor and mycologist. Plowright's training as a doctor began when he was apprenticed to Dr. John Lowe, Surgeon to the West Norfolk and Lynn Hospital. He continued his training at Anderson's University in Glasgow, where for a time he worked as a surgical dresser with Joseph Lister. In 1870 he passed the MRCP in England and worked for a time as House Surgeon at the West Norfolk and Lynn Hospital before setting up private practice in King's Lynn. He was also a Medical Officer for Health for many years in Freebridge Lynn, and was the Hunterian Professor of Comparative Anatomy and Physiology at the Royal College of Surgeons from 1890 to 1894. While a professor he gave lectures on ergot and fungi in the human body which were noted in the British Journal of Medicine. Plowright's most significant contributions were in mycology. In 1872 he published a list of 800 Norfolk fungi in the Transactions of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists' Society and was elected an honorary member of the Society. Starting in 1873, Plowright published a series of fasciculi titled Sphaeriacei Britannici describing members of the fungal genus Sphaeria. In these three exsiccata series he distributed 300 numbered herbarium specimen units. With his collaborator William Phillips, Plowright published a series of papers titled New and Rare British Fungi (1871–1884) which described almost 300 new species. Plowright also contributed to The Gardeners' Chronicle for over thirty years, writing principally on fungal diseases of plants; he was an early advocate in England of the use of Bordeaux mixture. Early in his career he made a special collection of Pyrenomycetae and published several papers on them; he later moved on to the Uredinaceae, in 1889 publishing A Monograph of the British Uredinaea and Ustilaginaea. He was one of the early organizers of the British Mycological Society and served as president in 1898–9. In 1883, botanist Pier Andrea Saccardo in Syll. Fung., circumscribed a genus of fungi, Plowrightia belonging to the family Dothioraceae and named it in Plowright's honour. Plowright had an interest in archaeology and published a number of articles on the subject, including several works on woad. Plowright also was active in his local community, serving as a local magistrate, director and vice-chairman of a local girl's high school, and governor of the Lynn Grammar School.

text:
# Charles Bagge Plowright

**Charles Bagge Plowright** (3 April 1849 – 24 April 1910) was a British medical doctor and mycologist.

Plowright's training as a doctor began when he was apprenticed to Dr. John Lowe, Surgeon to the West Norfolk and Lynn Hospital. He continued his training at Anderson's University in Glasgow, where for a time he worked as a surgical dresser with Joseph Lister. In 1870 he passed the MRCP in England and worked for a time as House Surgeon at the West Norfolk and Lynn Hospital before setting up private practice in King's Lynn. He was also a Medical Officer for Health for many years in Freebridge Lynn, and was the Hunterian Professor of Comparative Anatomy and Physiology at the Royal College of Surgeons from 1890 to 1894. While a professor he gave lectures on ergot and fungi in the human body which were noted in the British Journal of Medicine.

Plowright's most significant contributions were in mycology. In 1872 he published a list of 800 Norfolk fungi in the *Transactions* of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists' Society and was elected an honorary member of the Society. Starting in 1873, Plowright published a series of fasciculi (pamphlets intended to be collected into a book) titled *Sphaeriacei Britannici* describing members of the fungal genus *Sphaeria* (species which can be placed in Pseudovalsa, Macrospora, Homostegia families, and others). In these three exsiccata series he distributed 300 numbered herbarium specimen units (Cent. 1 - Cent. 3, 1873-1878). With his collaborator William Phillips, Plowright published a series of papers titled *New and Rare British Fungi* (1871–1884) which described almost 300 new species. Plowright also contributed to The Gardeners' Chronicle for over thirty years, writing principally on fungal diseases of plants; he was an early advocate in England of the use of Bordeaux mixture. Early in his career he made a special collection of *Pyrenomycetae* (now Sordariomycetes) and published several papers on them; he later moved on to the Uredinaceae, in 1889 publishing *A Monograph of the British Uredinaea and Ustilaginaea*. He was one of the early organizers of the British Mycological Society and served as president in 1898–9.

In 1883, botanist Pier Andrea Saccardo in Syll. Fung., circumscribed a genus of fungi, *Plowrightia* belonging to the family Dothioraceae and named it in Plowright's honour.

Plowright had an interest in archaeology and published a number of articles on the subject, including several works on woad.

Plowright also was active in his local community, serving as a local magistrate, director and vice-chairman of a local girl's high school, and governor of the Lynn Grammar School.

## Family

Plowright married Mary Jane Lovie Robb, daughter of an Edinburgh merchant, and they had two children: Edith Mary (b. 1875) and Charles Tertius Maclean Plowright (1879–1935). Charles was a surgeon and became a captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps. Edith Mary married Thomas Petch, also a mycologist, in 1908.

The standard author abbreviation Plowr. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Media related to Charles Bagge Plowright at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Charles Bagge Plowright | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1849-04-03)3 April 1849
King's Lynn, Norfolk, England |
| Died | 24 April 1910(1910-04-24) (aged 61)
North Wootton, Norfolk, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Surgeon |
| Known for | mycology |


title: 1859 New York state election

abstract: The 1859 New York state election was held on November 8, 1859, to elect the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer, a Judge of the New York Court of Appeals, a Canal Commissioner, an Inspector of State Prisons and the Clerk of the Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate. Besides, the voters were asked if the State could take a loan of US$2,500,000, which was answered in the affirmative with 125,370 for and 77,466 against.

text:
# 1859 New York state election

The **1859 New York state election** was held on November 8, 1859, to elect the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer, a Judge of the New York Court of Appeals, a Canal Commissioner, an Inspector of State Prisons and the Clerk of the Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate. Besides, the voters were asked if the State could take a loan of US$2,500,000, which was answered in the affirmative with 125,370 for and 77,466 against.

## History

This was the last campaign of the American Party. They did not nominate anyone on their own ticket, but endorsed five Republican and four Democratic nominees.

## Results

Almost the whole cross-endorsed American ticket was elected. The approximate strength of The Republican Party (251,000 votes) was about the same as the combined strength of the Democratic Party (227,000 votes) and the American Party (24,000 votes). The five Republicans endorsed by the American Party had an easy victory, three of the four Democrats endorsed by the American Party struggled to win in a very tight race, only Elderkin missed the mark by 590 votes out of more than half a million cast.

The incumbents Church, Tremain, Vanderpoel and Johnson were defeated. The incumbent Richmond was re-elected.

23 Republicans and nine Democrats were elected to a two-year term (1860–61) in the New York State Senate.

91 Republicans and 37 Democrats were elected for the session of 1860 to the New York State Assembly.

**1859 state election results**
| Office | Republican ticket | | Democratic ticket | | American ticket | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Secretary of State | Elias W. Leavenworth | 251,139 | **David R. Floyd-Jones** | **252,589** | **David R. Floyd-Jones** |  |
| Comptroller | **Robert Denniston** | **275,952** | Sanford E. Church | 227,304 | **Robert Denniston** |  |
| Attorney General | **Charles G. Myers** | **276,792** | Lyman Tremain | 227,345 | **Charles G. Myers** |  |
| Treasurer | **Philip Dorsheimer** | **275,587** | Isaac V. Vanderpoel | 226,755 | **Philip Dorsheimer** |  |
| State Engineer | Orville W. Storey | 250,880
(246,041) | **Van Rensselaer Richmond** | **252,312**
(250,247) | **Van Rensselaer Richmond** |  |
| Judge of the Court of Appeals | **Henry E. Davies** | **272,275**
(265,568) | Alexander S. Johnson | 227,171
(223,525) | **Henry E. Davies** |  |
| Canal Commissioner | Ogden N. Chapin | 251,449
(245,976) | **William I. Skinner** | **251,777** | **William I. Skinner** |  |
| Inspector of State Prisons | **David P. Forrest** | **251,784**
(243,430) | Noble S. Elderkin | 251,194
(237,579) | Noble S. Elderkin |  |
| Clerk of the Court of Appeals | **Charles Hughes** | **275,286** | John L. Lewis, Jr. | 227,555
(221,084) | **Charles Hughes** |  |
|

## Sources

* The numbers given are the total votes on the Republican and American tickets for Denniston, Myers, Dorsheimer, Davies and Hughes, and the total of Democratic and American votes for Floyd-Jones, Richmond, Skinner and Elderkin.
* The votes given are the actual returns as transmitted by the counties to the Secretary of State, the officially declared vote (in parentheses) for some candidates is a little lower because on technicalities some of the votes were not allowed to be counted.


title: Sir William Dunbar, 7th Baronet

abstract: Sir William Dunbar, 7th Baronet was a Scottish Liberal Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons.

text:
# Sir William Dunbar, 7th Baronet

**Sir William Dunbar, 7th Baronet** (2 March 1812 – 17 December 1889) was a Scottish Liberal Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons.

## Life

He was born on 2 March 1812 the son of James Dunbar and his wife, Anna Catharina van Reed d'Oudtshoorn.

He was educated at the University of Edinburgh. He became a member of the Faculty of Advocates in 1835, but did not practise law.

He became the 7th Baronet on 22 June 1841 on the death of his paternal uncle, who died without a male heir.

In 1850 he was living at 47 Heriot Row in central Edinburgh.

He was appointed a Lord of the Treasury in 1859. He became Keeper of the Privy Seal to the Prince of Wales. Dunbar left Parliament in 1865 to become Commissioner for Auditing Public Accounts. He was Comptroller and Auditor General 18671888.

He represented Wigtown Burghs 18571865.

## Family

In 1842 he married Catherine Hay Paterson (d.1890). His eldest son Uthred James Hay Dunbar became 8th baronet and on his death in 1904, being childless, the baronetcy passed to the second son, William Cospatrick Dunbar (1844–1931).


title: The Foundation of S.F. Success

abstract: "The Foundation of S.F. Success" is a 1954 pastiche by American writer Isaac Asimov, of the patter song "If you're anxious for to shine" from the Gilbert and Sullivan comic opera Patience, describing the easy way to become a successful writer. Asimov borrows Gilbert's rhythm and rhyme schemes in the song. It includes the lines: With a tiny bit of cribbin' from the works of Edward Gibbon and that Greek, Thucydides, in which Asimov is lampooning himself, referring to the inspiration for the Foundation stories. It was the first poem that Asimov ever sold. The piece was first published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction in October 1954. It was later included in Asimov's short story collection Earth is Room Enough (1957) and his The Complete Stories, vol. 1 (1990).

text:
# The Foundation of S.F. Success

"**The Foundation of S.F. Success**" is a 1954 pastiche by American writer Isaac Asimov, of the patter song "If you're anxious for to shine" from the Gilbert and Sullivan comic opera *Patience*, describing the easy way to become a successful writer. Asimov borrows Gilbert's rhythm and rhyme schemes in the song. It includes the lines: *With a tiny bit of cribbin' from the works of Edward Gibbon and that Greek, Thucydides*, in which Asimov is lampooning himself, referring to the inspiration for the Foundation stories. It was the first poem that Asimov ever sold.

The piece was first published in *The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction* in October 1954. It was later included in Asimov's short story collection *Earth is Room Enough* (1957) and his *The Complete Stories*, vol. 1 (1990).


title: The Tornado (1924 film)

abstract: The Tornado is a 1924 American silent drama film directed by King Baggot and starring House Peters, Ruth Clifford, and Richard Tucker.

text:
# The Tornado (1924 film)

***The Tornado*** is a 1924 American silent drama film directed by King Baggot and starring House Peters, Ruth Clifford, and Richard Tucker.

## Plot

As described in a review in a film magazine, grim and severe, but with a kindly heart, the boss of the lumber camp (Peters) was known as Tornado. Returning to his shack in the village, he sees Ruth Travers (Clifford), the girl he has come to the wilderness to forget, and her husband Ross (Tucker). Ruth sends word by her husband that she must see Tornado, but the husband lies to keep them apart. Tornado, learning the couple are unhappy, reaches the hotel in time to prevent Ruth from being beaten by her husband, and tells her the story of his perfidy, how he left Tornado to die in France, lied about him, and finally won Ruth. The Travers' start to leave on an early train, but a cyclone comes up. The storm causes a log jam, and flood waters damage houses in the camp. Tornado manages to break the log jam and save the town, but the logs pile against the bridge and destroy it as the train is going over. Tornado saves Ruth and goes back for her husband, but it is too late to save him.

## Cast

## Preservation

A complete print of *The Tornado* is held by the EYE Film Institute Netherlands.

## Bibliography

* Munden, Kenneth White. *The American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures Produced in the United States, Part 1*. University of California Press, 1997.

## InfoBox

| The Tornado | |
| --- | --- |
| Lobby card | |
| Directed by | King Baggot |
| Written by | Grant Carpenter |
| Based on | *The Tornado*
by Lincoln J. Carter |
| Produced by | Carl Laemmle |
| Starring | House Peters
Ruth Clifford
Richard Tucker |
| Cinematography | John Stumar |
| Production
company | Universal Pictures |
| Distributed by | Universal Pictures |
| Release date | * December 14, 1924 (1924-12-14) |
| Running time | 70 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: Carriage of Goods by Road Act 1965

abstract: The Carriage of Goods by Road Act 1965 is an act of Parliament made by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in order to implement the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road of 1956 into British law. The act is often relied upon in cross-border litigation to give jurisdiction to the Courts of the United Kingdom in disputes related to road haulage.

text:
# Carriage of Goods by Road Act 1965

The **Carriage of Goods by Road Act 1965** (c. 37) is an act of Parliament made by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in order to implement the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road of 1956 into British law. The act is often relied upon in cross-border litigation to give jurisdiction to the Courts of the United Kingdom in disputes related to road haulage.

* Koji Takahashi. *Claims for Contribution and Reimbursement in an International Context*. Oxford University Press, 2000.

## InfoBox

Carriage of Goods by Road Act 1965
| Act of Parliament | |
| --- | --- |
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | |
| Long title | An Act to give effect to the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road signed at Geneva on 19th May 1956; and for purposes connected therewith. |
| Citation | 1965 c. 37 |
| Dates | |
| Royal assent | 5 August 1965 |
| Status: Current legislation | |
| Text of statute as originally enacted | |
| Text of the Carriage of Goods by Road Act 1965 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk. | |


abstract: South Korea competed at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships in Kazan, Russia from 24 July to 9 August 2015.

text:
# South Korea at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships

**South Korea** competed at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships in Kazan, Russia from 24 July to 9 August 2015.

## Diving

South Korean divers qualified for the individual spots and the synchronized teams at the World Championships.

Men

| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | | Semifinals | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Points | Rank | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Kim Yeong-nam | 1 m springboard | 317.20 | 22 |  | | did not advance | |
| | 3 m springboard | 416.85 | 20 | did not advance | | | |
| | 10 m platform | 427.30 | 18 **Q** | 389.05 | 17 | did not advance | |
| Woo Ha-ram | 1 m springboard | 378.60 | 7 **Q** |  | | 399.55 | 9 |
| | 3 m springboard | 423.80 | 13 **Q** | 450.90 | 12 **Q** | 491.50 | 7 |
| | 10 m platform | 382.65 | 28 | did not advance | | | |
| Kim Yeong-nam
Woo Ha-ram | 3 m synchronized springboard | 368.88 | 15 |  | | did not advance | |
| | 10 m synchronized platform | 417.24 | 7 **Q** |  | | 421.80 | 7 |

Women

| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | | Semifinals | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Points | Rank | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Kim Na-mi | 1 m springboard | 241.10 | 13 |  | | did not advance | |
| | 3 m springboard | 112.25 | 47 | did not advance | | | |
| Kim Su-ji | 1 m springboard | 247.10 | 11 **Q** |  | | 258.50 | 8 |
| | 3 m springboard | 238.60 | 34 | did not advance | | | |
| | 10 m platform | 295.00 | =24 | did not advance | | | |
| Ko Eun-ji | 10 m platform | 255.00 | 32 | did not advance | | | |
| Kim Na-mi
Kim Su-ji | 3 m synchronised springboard | 252.66 | 13 |  | | did not advance | |
| Kim Su-ji
Ko Eun-ji | 10 m synchronised platform | 273.42 | 12 **Q** |  | | 271.11 | 12 |

Mixed

| Athlete | Event | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Points | Rank |
| Woo Ha-ram
Kim Na-mi | Team | 331.95 | 12 |

## Swimming

South Korean swimmers have achieved qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard entry time, and 1 at the B-standard): Swimmers must qualify at the 2015 Dong-A Tournament and KSF National & President's Cup (for pool events) to eclipse the FINA A-cut or national standard record times of each event and to confirm their places for the Worlds.

Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Park Seon-kwan | 100 m freestyle | 50.53 | 47 | did not advance | | | |
| | 50 m backstroke | 25.33 | 19 | did not advance | | | |
| | 100 m backstroke | 54.80 | 25 | did not advance | | | |

Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| An Se-hyeon | 50 m butterfly | 26.90 | =26 | did not advance | | | |
| | 100 m butterfly | 58.24 | 9 **Q** | 58.44 | 13 | did not advance | |
| Cho Hyun-joo | 400 m freestyle | 4:15.39 | 26 |  | | did not advance | |
| | 800 m freestyle | 8:57.66 | 32 |  | | did not advance | |
| Jung Seul-ki | 100 m breaststroke | 1:10.19 | 37 | did not advance | | | |
| | 200 m breaststroke | 2:31.85 | 33 | did not advance | | | |
| Nam Yoo-sun | 200 m individual medley | 2:16.58 | 26 | did not advance | | | |
| | 400 m individual medley | 4:43.83 | 18 |  | | did not advance | |
| Park Han-byeol | 50 m backstroke | 28.85 | 24 | did not advance | | | |
| | 100 m backstroke | 1:02.12 | 36 | did not advance | | | |
| Park Jin-young | 100 m butterfly | 59.74 | 30 | did not advance | | | |
| | 200 m butterfly | 2:09.62 | 14 **Q** | 2:09.21 | =14 | did not advance | |
| Park Soo-jin | 200 m butterfly | 2:11.07 | 20 | did not advance | | | |
| Yang Ji-won | 50 m breaststroke | 32.63 | 43 | did not advance | | | |
| | 200 m breaststroke | 2:29.24 | 25 | did not advance | | | |

## Synchronized swimming

South Korea has qualified two synchronized swimmers for each of the following events.

| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Uhm Ji-wan | Solo technical routine | 70.6077 | 21 | did not advance | |
| | Solo free routine | 72.5000 | 23 | did not advance | |
| Uhm Ji-wan
Won Ji-soo | Duet technical routine | 69.4136 | 33 | did not advance | |
| | Duet free routine | 71.9333 | 31 | did not advance | |

## InfoBox

| South Korea at the
2015 World Aquatics Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Flag of South Korea | |
| FINA code | KOR |
| National federation | Korean Swimming Federation |
| Website | swimming.sports.or.kr |
| in Kazan, Russia | |
| Competitors | **16** in 3 sports |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| World Aquatics Championships appearances | |
|  | |


abstract: The Men's relay event of the Biathlon World Championships 2015 was held on 14 March 2015.

text:
# Biathlon World Championships 2015 – Men's relay

The **Men's relay** event of the Biathlon World Championships 2015 was held on 14 March 2015.

## Results

The race was started at 17:30 EET.

| Rank | Bib | Team | Time | Penalties (P+S) | Deficit |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 3 | Germany
Erik Lesser
Daniel Böhm
Arnd Peiffer
Simon Schempp | **1:13:49.5**
18:33.9
18:50.8
18:24.7
18:00.1 | **0+0 0+3**
0+0 0+0
0+0 0+2
0+0 0+0
0+0 0+1 |  |
|  | 2 | Norway
Ole Einar Bjørndalen
Tarjei Bø
Johannes Thingnes Bø
Emil Hegle Svendsen | **1:14:04.9**
18:27.5
19:05.3
18:31.9
18:00.2 | **0+0 0+6**
0+0 0+0
0+0 0+3
0+0 0+2
0+0 0+1 | +15.4 |
|  | 4 | France
Simon Fourcade
Jean-Guillaume Béatrix
Quentin Fillon Maillet
Martin Fourcade | **1:14:23.1**
18:28.8
18:52.8
19:08.3
17:53.2 | **0+3 0+1**
0+0 0+0
0+1 0+1
0+1 0+0
0+1 0+0 | +33.6 |
| 4 | 1 | Russia
Evgeniy Garanichev
Alexey Volkov
Dmitry Malyshko
Anton Shipulin | **1:14:39.2**
19:19.1
18:52.3
18:36.8
17:51.0 | **1+6 0+0**
1+3 0+0
0+2 0+0
0+0 0+0
0+1 0+0 | +49.7 |
| 5 | 5 | Austria
Daniel Mesotitsch
Sven Grossegger
Simon Eder
Dominik Landertinger | **1:14:44.3**
19:16.8
18:23.1
18:54.7
18:09.7 | **0+0 1+4**
0+0 1+3
0+0 0+0
0+0 0+1
0+0 0+0 | +54.8 |
| 6 | 8 | Czech Republic
Michal Krčmář
Jaroslav Soukup
Michal Šlesingr
Ondřej Moravec | **1:14:44.6**
18:45.1
18:54.9
18:24.8
18:39.8 | **0+4 0+2**
0+0 0+0
0+1 0+0
0+0 0+2
0+3 0+0 | +55.1 |
| 7 | 11 | Switzerland
Mario Dolder
Benjamin Weger
Serafin Wiestner
Ivan Joller | **1:15:38.3**
19:09.9
18:22.4
18:59.4
19:06.6 | **0+1 0+6**
0+0 0+3
0+0 0+0
0+0 0+2
0+1 0+1 | +1:48.8 |
| 8 | 9 | Slovenia
Janez Marič
Klemen Bauer
Jakov Fak
Rok Tršan | **1:15:38.7**
19:21.4
18:46.9
18:20.9
19:09.5 | **0+4 0+2**
0+0 0+1
0+2 0+1
0+0 0+0
0+2 0+0 | +1:49.2 |
| 9 | 7 | Ukraine
Dmytro Pidruchnyi
Artem Pryma
Oleksander Zhyrnyi
Serhiy Semenov | **1:16:21.0**
19:18.6
18:56.6
19:20.6
18:45.2 | **0+2 0+1**
0+0 0+1
0+0 0+0
0+1 0+0
0+1 0+0 | +2:31.5 |
| 10 | 12 | Belarus
Vladimir Chepelin
Dmitriy Dyuzhev
Dzmitry Abasheu
Yuryi Liadov | **1:16:24.2**
18:57.2
19:00.6
19:54.4
18:32.0 | **0+6 0+5**
0+3 0+1
0+2 0+1
0+1 0+0
0+0 0+3 | +2:34.7 |
| 11 | 14 | Slovakia
Tomáš Hasilla
Matej Kazár
Miroslav Matiaško
Martin Otčenáš | **1:46:46.5**
19:27.9
18:45.0
19:44.2
18:49.4 | **0+2 0+6**
0+1 0+1
0+0 0+1
0+0 0+2
0+1 0+2 | +2:57.0 |
| 12 | 10 | Italy
Christian De Lorenzi
Lukas Hofer
Thomas Bormolini
Dominik Windisch | **1:16:52.7**
18:58.8
18:23.5
20:42.9
18:47.5 | **1+4 0+5**
0+0 0+3
0+1 0+0
1+3 0+0
0+0 0+2 | +3:03.2 |
| 13 | 25 | Finland
Jarkko Kauppinen
Ahti Toivanen
Olli Hiidensalo
Tuomas Grönman | **1:17:18.6**
18:57.8
19:33.7
19:09.5
19:33.6 | **0+4 0+3**
0+0 0+1
0+1 0+1
0+1 0+0
0+2 0+1 | +3:29.1 |
| 14 | 20 | United States
Lowell Bailey
Leif Nordgren
Tim Burke
Sean Doherty | **1:17:21.1**
18:57.8
18:58.5
20:15.1
19:09.7 | **0+5 2+6**
0+0 0+2
0+1 0+1
0+1 2+3
0+3 0+0 | +3:31.6 |
| 15 | 15 | Estonia
Kauri Kõiv
Kalev Ermits
Rene Zahkna
Roland Lessing | **1:17:22.0**
19:35.5
19:05.7
20:04.1
18:36.7 | **0+2 0+5**
0+0 0+1
0+0 0+2
0+2 0+1
0+0 0+1 | +3:32.5 |
| 16 | 13 | Bulgaria
Krasimir Anev
Ivan Zlatev
Vladimir Iliev
Dimitar Gerdzhikov | **1:17:29.5**
18:54.5
19:30.2
18:48.1
20:16.7 | **1+7 0+5**
0+2 0+0
0+2 0+1
0+0 0+2
1+3 0+3 | +3:40.0 |
| 17 | 16 | Kazakhstan
Yan Savitskiy
Anton Pantov
Maxim Braun
Vassiliy Podkorytrov | **1:17:55.7**
19:08.0
19:38.9
19:26.3
19:42.5 | **0+0 0+3**
0+0 0+1
0+0 0+1
0+0 0+0
0+0 0+1 | +4:06.2 |
| 18 | 17 | Sweden
Tobias Arwidson
Peppe Femling
Christofer Eriksson
Ted Armgren | **1:18:12.0**
19:19.3
18:47.1
20:51.4
19:14.2 | **0+3 2+3**
0+2 0+0
0+1 0+0
0+0 2+3
0+0 0+0 | +4:22.5 |
| 19 | 6 | Canada
Christian Gow
Nathan Smith
Scott Gow
Brendan Green | **1:18:52.9**
19:47.5
18:18.9
21:31.5
19:15.0 | **2+5 0+4**
0+2 0+1
0+0 0+0
2+3 0+2
0+0 0+1 | +5:03.4 |
| 20 | 21 | Poland
Mateusz Janik
Łukasz Szczurek
Grzegorz Guzik
Krzysztof Pływaczyk | LAP
20:22.3
19.39.1
21:06.8

 | **1+5 0+5**
0+1 0+3
0+0 0+1
1+3 0+1
0+1 0+0 |  |
| 21 | 24 | Japan
Kazuya Inomata
Tsukasa Kobonoki
Mikito Tachizaki
Ryo Maeda | LAP
20:10.0
20:03.9
20:03.5

 | **0+6 0+9**
0+2 0+3
0+1 0+2
0+2 0+1
0+1 0+3 |  |
| 22 | 18 | Romania
George Buta
Remus Faur
Marian Marcel Dănilă
Cornel Puchianu | LAP
19:09.8
20:04.2
21:06.8

 | **0+5 4+7**
0+0 0+1
0+3 0+0
0+1 1+3
0+1 3+3 |  |
| 23 | 22 | Lithuania
Tomas Kaukėnas
Karol Dombrovski
Vytautas Strolia
Rokas Suslavičius | LAP
19:14.1
19:41.7
22:06.2

 | **1+4 1+11**
0+1 0+3
0+0 0+2
1+3 1+3
0+0 0+3 |  |
| 24 | 19 | Great Britain
Lee-Steve Jackson
Scott Dixon
Kevin Kane
Marcel Laponder | LAP
19:34.6
20.47.9
21:39.8

 | **0+3 0+7**
0+0 0+3
0+1 0+1
0+0 0+2
0+2 0+1 |  |
| 25 | 26 | South Korea
Jun Je-uk
Kim Jong-min
Kim Yong-gyu
Lee Su-young | LAP
20:11.7
20:59.8
21:47.1

 | **1+8 1+8**
0+2 0+0
0+1 0+2
0+2 0+3
1+3 1+3 |  |
| 26 | 23 | Latvia
Rolands Pužulis
Toms Praulītis
Roberts Slotiņš
Aleksandrs Patrijuks | LAP
20:53.3
22:54.2
21:12.4

 | **0+5 4+8**
0+0 1+3
0+1 3+3
0+2 0+0
0+2 0+2 |  |
| 27 | 27 | Serbia
Damir Rastić
Edin Hodžić
Dejan Krsmanović
Ajlan Rastić | LAP
21:42.3
21:58.0
24:20.2

 | **4+10 0+7**
1+3 0+1
0+1 0+3
3+3 0+3
0+3 |  |

## InfoBox

| Men's relay
at the Biathlon World Championships 2015 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Venue | Kontiolahti, Finland |
| Date | 14 March 2015 |
| Competitors | 108 from 27 nations |
| Winning time | 1:13:49.5 |
| Medalists | |
| Germany  Norway  France | |
|


title: Charles John Talbot

abstract: Charles John Talbot (1873–1942) was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in New Zealand. He won the Temuka electorate in south Canterbury in the 1914 general election, and held it until 1919, when he was defeated by Thomas Burnett.

text:
# Charles John Talbot

New Zealand Parliament
| Years | Term | Electorate | | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19141919 | 19th | Temuka | |  | Liberal |

**Charles John Talbot** (1873–1942) was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in New Zealand.

He won the Temuka electorate in south Canterbury in the 1914 general election, and held it until 1919, when he was defeated by Thomas Burnett.


abstract: Split 7inch is a split EP by Dropkick Murphys and The Ducky Boys. It was released in July 1996 on Flat Records, with 2,000 copies on black vinyl and 1,000 copies on green vinyl. This is the first release by both bands. The Dropkick Murphys tracks were later re-released on The Singles Collection, Volume 1.

text:
# Dropkick Murphys/Ducky Boys Split 7 inch

***Split 7inch*** is a split EP by Dropkick Murphys and The Ducky Boys. It was released in July 1996 on Flat Records, with 2,000 copies on black vinyl and 1,000 copies on green vinyl. This is the first release by both bands. The Dropkick Murphys tracks were later re-released on *The Singles Collection, Volume 1*.

## Track listing

### Side A (Dropkick Murphys)

1. "Barroom Hero" (Rick Barton/Ken Casey)
2. "Fightstarter Karaoke" (Rick Barton/Ken Casey/Mike McColgan)

### Side B (The Ducky Boys)

1. "Cross To Bear" (Mark Lind/Mike Marsden/Jason Messina)
2. "Pride" (Mark Lind)

## Personnel

Dropkick Murphys:

The Ducky Boys:

## InfoBox

| Dropkick Murphys/Ducky Boys Split 7 inch | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Dropkick Murphys / The Ducky Boys | |
| Released | July 1996 |
| Recorded | 1996 |
| Genre |  |
| Label | Flat Records |
| Dropkick Murphys / The Ducky Boys chronology | |
| ***Dropkick Murphys/Ducky Boys Split 7 inch***
(1996) *Boys on the Docks*
(1997) | |


title: Carposina fernaldana

abstract: Carposina fernaldana, the currant fruitworm moth, is a moth in the Carposinidae family. It was described by August Busck in 1907. It is found in North America, where it is found from Quebec, along the Mississippi drainage, to Missouri. The wingspan is 15–20 mm. The larvae feed on Crataegus and Ribes species.

text:
# Carposina fernaldana

***Carposina fernaldana***, the **currant fruitworm moth**, is a moth in the Carposinidae family. It was described by August Busck in 1907. It is found in North America, where it is found from Quebec, along the Mississippi drainage, to Missouri.

The wingspan is 15–20 mm.

The larvae feed on *Crataegus* and *Ribes* species.

## Etymology

The species is named in honour of Charles H. Fernald.

## InfoBox

| *Carposina fernaldana* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Carposinidae |
| Genus: | *Carposina* |
| Species: | ***C. fernaldana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Carposina fernaldana***<br>Busck, 1907 | |
|


abstract: South Korea competed at the 2013 Summer Universiade in Kazan, Russia from 6 July to 17 July 2013. 238 athletes are a part of the Korean team. South Korea has won 41 medals, including 17 gold medals.

text:
# South Korea at the 2013 Summer Universiade

**South Korea** competed at the 2013 Summer Universiade in Kazan, Russia from 6 July to 17 July 2013. 238 athletes are a part of the Korean team.

South Korea has won 41 medals (6th place), including 17 gold medals (4th place after Russia, China, Japan).

## InfoBox

| South Korea at the
2013 Summer Universiade | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | KOR |
| in Kazan | |
| Competitors | 238 |
| Medals
Ranked 4th | Gold 17 Silver 12 Bronze 17 Total 46 |
| Summer Universiade appearances (overview) | |
|  | |


title: Leaf Palm Hand

abstract: Leaf Palm Hand is a live album featuring a performance by pianist Cecil Taylor and drummer Tony Oxley recorded in Berlin on July 17, 1988 as part of month long series of concerts by Taylor and released on the FMP label. In the album liner notes, Bert Noglik wrote: "They play tightly together, each one following the other's musical direction - almost like two migrant birds which instinctively create, synchronously, their own wave patterns. However, Cecil Taylor and Tony Oxley come from quite different cultural and musical traditions. The fact that they are able to find such a sure way of getting together has certainly something to do with the degree to which both have been able to assimilate the experience of Black music and European modern music. No fashionable crossing of frontiers, in order to find the lowest common denominator, but an opening up from both sides, based on a musical identity which can lay claim to the demonstration of an up to date awareness of sound."

text:
# Leaf Palm Hand

***Leaf Palm Hand*** is a live album featuring a performance by pianist Cecil Taylor and drummer Tony Oxley recorded in Berlin on July 17, 1988 as part of month long series of concerts by Taylor and released on the FMP label.

In the album liner notes, Bert Noglik wrote: "They play tightly together, each one following the other's musical direction - almost like two migrant birds which instinctively create, synchronously, their own wave patterns. However, Cecil Taylor and Tony Oxley come from quite different cultural and musical traditions. The fact that they are able to find such a sure way of getting together has certainly something to do with the degree to which both have been able to assimilate the experience of Black music and European modern music. No fashionable crossing of frontiers, in order to find the lowest common denominator, but an opening up from both sides, based on a musical identity which can lay claim to the demonstration of an up to date awareness of sound."

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| All About Jazz |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek states "The duet... is a study in contrasts. Musically, there is a similarity of approach between the two: Both are physical players with an ear for dark dramatics. Percussively, each attacks his instrument in the same way, palms down, forcing off the fingertips and into the instrument, whether drums or piano. Improvisationally, they differ greatly in that Taylor -- so used to being a soloist -- is proactive while Oxley is reactive; here, they attempt to bring both those roles into sync. Oxley moves his own attack up a notch, employing more elementals than just his kit, trying to 'sing' the drums. For the entire hour, Taylor looks deeply toward a romantic sensibility he seldom shows, creating harmonic fixtures from accents and triples, while simultaneously constructing lyric melodies for Oxley to play from. And he does, weaving absolutely thrilling cymbal and bell lines through Taylor's arpeggios, turning his rhythms inside out to create the appearance of a harmonic register that engages all of the different figures Taylor is firing off like lit matches. There's no letup for the entire set; it's one dazzling display after another until the piece just implodes from exhaustion -- physical, that is, as the ideas still come fast and furious -- and leaves the listener dazed and awed by such a soulful yet pyrotechnic display. This is one of Cecil Taylor's most "melodic" improvisations ever.".

Writing for All About Jazz, Brandt Reiter referred to *Leaf Palm Hand* as: "music that seems both relentlessly new and oddly continuous. Often Oxley, whose ability to find figural and tonal variation on his kit is awe-inspiring, will carry over Taylor's previous motif as the pianist moves into the next, with Taylor doing the same as the drummer, for a fractional second, takes the lead. It's fascinating, maddening and exhilarating, all at once."

## Track listing

*All compositions by Cecil Taylor & Tony Oxley except as indicated.* 1. "Stylobate 1" - 17:26
2. "Leaf Palm Hand" - 42:20
3. "Chimes (Cecil Taylor) - 3:50
4. "Stylobate 2" - 3:23
5. "The Old Canal" (Taylor) - 2:42

* Recorded in Berlin on July 17, 1988

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Leaf Palm Hand | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by Cecil Taylor & Tony Oxley | |
| Released | 1989 |
| Recorded | July 17, 1988 |
| Venue | Kongresshalle, Berlin |
| Genre | Free jazz |
| Label | FMP |
| Producer | Jost Gebers |
| Cecil Taylor chronology | |
| *Erzulie Maketh Scent*
(1989) ***Leaf Palm Hand***
(1989) *In Florescence*
(1990) | |


title: Betty Cecilia Lugo

abstract: Betty Cecilia Lugo González was a Venezuelan philanthropist who started Special Education in the eastern region of Zulia State and founded the first Zulia state association for people with depression and bipolar disorder. She was also co-founder of the charity association "La Casa de la Misericordia" in Maracaibo, where she served as an active benefactress for 25 years.

text:
# Betty Cecilia Lugo

**Betty Cecilia Lugo González** (April 20, 1946 – September 23, 2017) was a Venezuelan philanthropist who started Special Education in the eastern region of Zulia State and founded the first Zulia state association for people with depression and bipolar disorder. She was also co-founder of the charity association "La Casa de la Misericordia" in Maracaibo, where she served as an active benefactress for 25 years.

## Education and Philantrhropic activities

She studied Medicine and Special Education, in Venezuela and in the United States, at the University of Zulia and the University of Tulsa, Oklahoma. At the end of the 1960s, she moved to Lagunillas Municipality, Zulia, where she started the education for children with disabilities in the East Coast of Lake Maracaibo (Costa Oriental del Lago de Maracaibo). In that part of the country is located a main oil production center and the area includes all major cities in the western region of Zulia state.

She moved to Maracaibo in the 1980s where she founded the first association of the state of Zulia to treat depression and bipolar disorder. She was also co-founder of the charity association "La Casa de la Misericordia" in Maracaibo, where she served as an active benefactress.

## Family life

Lugo was born in Caracas, Venezuela, on April 20, 1946. Her parents were Raúl Lugo Montero, born in La Vela de Coro, Falcón State, and Prefect of the Maracaibo District around 1950. Her mother was Dalia Emilia González Palmar de Lugo, born in Maracaibo. She went to primary school in Caracas. She started High School in the United States and finished it in Maracaibo at "Colegio de la Presentación, where she graduated with honors.

She died in Maracaibo, on September 23, 2017. Her remains rest in the church "Padre Antonio María Claret" in Maracaibo. She is survived by her son Luis Eduardo Giusti Lugo and her daughters María Elena Giusti Lugo and Claudia Giusti Lugo.

## AZUPANE-Lagunillas

Lugo arrives at the East Coast of Lake Maracaibo in the late sixties. By that time Special Education was an unknown field and, as a consequence, it was not included in the educational programs of any public or private school. Disabled children were kept in their homes by their parents, without any interaction in society.

Lugo perceived this situation soon after her arrival in Lagunillas and started a crusade to claim attention on the problem. This is how the idea of creating a place for children with disabilities was born. She decided to start a campaign in order to found a school, where disabled children could be educated, play sports and have an active life outdoors.

### The project

Thanks to her skills on special education she succeeded in persuading ladies within local oil society to be part of a committee, in order to collect funds for the project. She also achieved that foreign oil corporations, operating in that part of the country, accepted to include the project into their donation programs.

AZUPANE-Lagunillas started on May 4, 1974, in a building with large gardens donated by Venezuelan Shell Company. A school bus was lately donated by the business community, to be used for the transportation of the students to the school.

### Legacy

AZUPANE- Lagunillas made the society of that part of Venezuela aware of the importance of special education. Lugo continued her crusade encouraging public and private bodies and corporations to start more projects on special education. When she left the oil district the school was fully settled, increasing the number of students every year. The local society had become aware of the situation of children in need of special education and the Ministry of Education envisioned similar projects. The school became lately part of the government special education program, which was developed after AZUPANE-Lagunillas and lately extended throughout that region of Venezuela. Today AZUPANE-Lagunillas is a public primary and high school for students with disabilities, called "Jesus Enrique Lossada Special Education Institute".

## AZUDEBI

In the beginning of the 1980s Betty Lugo lived in Maracaibo. During the years she lived in that city she began a project to help people suffering depression and bipolar disorder. Due to the complexity and relative misinformation of the causes of the disease, giving advice on how to cope with it was considered essential by Lugo. This motivated her to form a psychological and medical group and to create an association dedicated to help people suffering this type of disorder.

In 2006 she founded in Maracaibo the “Association Zuliana para la Depresion y el Trastorno Bipolar, AZUDEBI (Zulia Association to treat Depression and Bipolar Disorder, AZUDEBI), which was the first initiative in this field in the State of Zulia. It was created as a charity association for providing education, guidance and treatment to people with mood disorders.

### Activities

Her goal as president of AZUDEBI was to succeed every case through suitable support, permanent guidance to family members and administration of specific medical treatments. Together with these practices she started a media campaign to raise awareness about the disease.

AZUDEBI based its activities on conferences for the patients and their families, which took place in community buildings, local churches and clinics involved in the project. Professionals in medicine, psychology and psychoanalysis led the discussions and reviewed relevant subjects such as the usefulness of meditation exercises, the appropriate treatment for depression and the importance of the environment and family life of the patients.

## Casa de la Misericordia (House of Mercy)

During the years Lugo lived in Maracaibo she carried out extensive work as a co-founder of the charity association, "La Casa de la Misericordia". This charity started in 1992, within the school building of "Colegio de la Presentación". It was founded together with the well-known catholic nun "Sister Francisca", with the aim of providing free medical care as well as spiritual support.

Lugo was a key player in the acquisition of a residency that lately became the headquarters of the association. She managed to get from the Government of Zulia State the donation of the house where "La Casa de la Misericordia" is currently located. She also made possible that the oil state company “Petróleos de Venezuela” PDVSA donated a bus to transport elderly people to the care center, as well as to patients with difficulties to walk or requiring wheelchairs. The new headquarters allowed “Casa de la Misericordia” to help a greater number of people in the fields of general medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, psychiatry, psychology, acupuncture and legal advice.

Lugo remained an active benefactress of "La Casa de la Misericordia" for 25 years, until her death in September 2017.

## InfoBox

| Betty Cecilia Lugo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Betty Cecilia Lugo
(1945-04-20)April 20, 1945
Caracas, Venezuela |
| Died | September 23, 2017(2017-09-23) (aged 72)
Maracaibo, Venezuela |
| Occupation(s) | Philanthropist, Special Educator |


# 1931 Men's British Open Squash Championship

The 1931 Professional Squash Rackets Championship of Great Britain saw Don Butcher defend his title against Charles Arnold. The first leg was held at Butcher's home club the Conservative Club on 9 November and he defeated Arnold in just eighteen minutes. The first game lasted just three and a half minutes. The second leg was held at the Bath Club on 16 November, the home club of Arnold but once again Butcher ran out an easy winner.

## Results

### First leg

|  | Conservative Club | | | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Don Butcher | | 9 | 9 | 9 |  |
|  | || | | |
|  | Charles Arnold | | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |

### Second leg

|  | Bath Club | | | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Don Butcher | | 9 | 9 | 9 |  |
|  | || | | |
|  | Charles Arnold | | 3 | 0 | 5 |  |

## InfoBox

| British Open Squash Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| 2nd British Open Championships | |
| Details | |
| Location | London, England |
| Venue | Conservative Club & Bath Club |
|  | |


title: Sir Lionel

abstract: Lionel is a character in Arthurian legend. He is the younger son of King Bors of Gaunnes and Evaine and brother of Bors the Younger. First recorded in the Lancelot-Grail cycle, he is a double cousin of Lancelot and cousin of Lancelot's younger half-brother Hector de Maris. He is also the subject of a traditional ballad.

text:
# Sir Lionel

**Lionel** is a character in Arthurian legend. He is the younger son of King Bors of Gaunnes (or Gaul) and Evaine and brother of Bors the Younger. First recorded in the *Lancelot-Grail* cycle, he is a double cousin of Lancelot and cousin of Lancelot's younger half-brother Hector de Maris (not to be confused with the older Sir Ector, who was King Arthur's foster-father). He is also the subject of a traditional ballad.

## Arthurian legend

When their father dies in battle against King Claudas, Lionel and Bors are rescued by the Lady of the Lake and raised in her otherworldly kingdom alongside her foster-son Lancelot. Like Bors and Lancelot, Lionel becomes a Knight of the Round Table upon reaching the age and then proving himself in heroic deeds.

One day, while travelling with Lancelot as a young man, Lionel is captured by the rogue knight Turquine, who whips him with briars and throws him in the dungeon. The scenario repeats itself later while he is on the Quest for the Holy Grail, where he proves very unworthy of the blessed object by trying to kill his brother for not rescuing him. Bors had seen Lionel getting beaten and led away, but had to make a decision to save either him or a young girl being dragged in the opposite direction. He saves the girl, and fears Lionel dead. But Lionel escapes, and attacks Bors the next time they meet. Bors proves himself worthy of the Grail when he refuses to fight back, and Lionel kills a hermit and Calogrenant, a fellow Knight of the Round Table, when they try to protect Bors from his wrath. Before Lionel can strike his brother, however, God intervenes and immobilises him.

Lionel and the rest of his family follow Lancelot into exile when the affair with Queen Guinevere is exposed. Lionel participates in the battles against King Arthur and becomes King of Gaunnes. After the Battle of Camlann (Salisbury), Lancelot's family returns to Britain to defeat the remainder of Mordred's forces. Lionel is slain by Mordred's young son Melehan; Bors avenges his death.

His symbolic namesake, Lyonnel, appears in the quasi-prequel *Perceforest*. There, he is an ancestor of both Lancelot and Guinevere as well as Tristan, who had lived in the time of King Alexander (Alexander the Great).

## Edward III of England

The 14th-century King of England, Edward III, strongly identified with Sir Lionel since his youth. King Edward role-played as Lionel at the Round Table tournaments that he organized, and even named his second son, Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, after the Arthurian romance character.

## Folk ballad

Sir Lionel is the subject of the late-medieval folk ballad "Sir Lionel", recorded as Child Ballad 18 and Roud No. 29, in which he slays a giant wild boar. This song has much in common with a medieval tale about a knight who slays a terrifyingly fiendish boar in Sidon, in the fourteenth century romance of *Sir Eglamour of Artois*. The terrible swine is a frequent foe in romantic tales, for instance the beast Twrch Trwyth in *Culhwch and Olwen*.

The song has been recorded several times in the twentieth century, exclusively in the United States. The influential Appalachian folk singer Jean Ritchie recorded a version passed down through her family entitled "Old Bangum" on the album *Ballads from her Appalachian Family Tradition* (1961), with an Appalachian dulcimer accompaniment. John and Alan Lomax recorded two versions in the 1930s in Harlan, Kentucky and Austin, Texas. Several Ozark versions were also collected, and can be heard online courtesy of the University of Arkansas and Missouri State University.

## Modern works

* In the musical *Camelot*, Lionel is the knight brought back to life by Lancelot after he accidentally kills him in a joust (though the film switches him with Dinadan). The two do not seem to be related.
* Lionel appears in the 1998 animated film *Quest for Camelot* as the father of the protagonist, Kayley, who wished to follow her father's footsteps. During the beginning of the film, Lionel is killed by the main antagonist, Lord Ruber, who intends to claim the throne of Camelot for himself, while trying to kill King Arthur, whom Lionel defended before he died.


title: 1881 United Kingdom census

abstract: The United Kingdom Census of 1881 recorded the people residing in every household on the night of Sunday 3 April 1881, and was the fifth of the UK censuses to include details of household members.

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# 1881 United Kingdom census

The **United Kingdom Census of 1881** recorded the people residing in every household on the night of Sunday 3 April 1881, and was the fifth of the UK censuses to include details of household members.

## Data recorded

Details collected include: address, name, relationship to the head of the family, marital status, age at last birthday, gender, occupation, and place of birth. As with earlier censuses, the form asked whether any "lunatics", "imbeciles" or "idiots" lived in the household, causing the Registrar General to observe that: "It is against human nature to expect a mother to admit her young child to be an idiot, however much she may fear this to be true. To acknowledge the fact is to abandon all hope."

The total population of England, Wales and Scotland was recorded as 29,707,207.

Notables named in the census included Winston Churchill, Karl Marx and Charles Darwin.

## Indexing

The 1881 census was the first UK census to be indexed in its entirety. In the 1980s, in a project that has been characterised as "the largest collection of historical source material to be made available in computerised form", and "the first major 'crowd-sourced' exercise in the world", the Genealogical Society of Utah began collaborating with the Federation of Family History Societies and the Scottish Association of Family History Societies to produce an index to the 1881 census for England, Wales, Scotland, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man.

In 1994 and 1995 the resulting index was published, county by county, on microfiche, and made available to institutions. In 1999 the index was published on a set of 24 CD-ROMs and made available to the general public.

In August 2001 the index for Scotland was made available online on Scots Origins, then the official data site of the General Register Office for Scotland, and is now available on its successor ScotlandsPeople. In February 2003, the remaining material was made available free of charge on the FamilySearch website. Free access to the online index is now available from several other sites, though the Scottish data remains exclusive to ScotlandsPeople.

## Results

### Scotland

The 1881 census in Scotland was the first census to count the numbers of Gaelic speakers.

| Registration county | Population | Number of
Gaelic speakers | % Gaelic
speakers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Lanark | 942,193 | 11,500 | 1.2% |
| Edinburgh | 388,836 | 2,145 | 0.6% |
| Aberdeen | 269,047 | 604 | 0.2% |
| Forfar | 268,653 | 590 | 0.2% |
| Renfrew | 225,611 | 4,199 | 1.9% |
| Ayr | 217,630 | 649 | 0.3% |
| Fife | 172,131 | 126 | 0.1% |
| Perth | 130,282 | 14,537 | 11.2% |
| Stirling | 106,883 | 441 | 0.4% |
| Inverness | 86,389 | 60,447 | 70.0% |
| Argyll | 80,761 | 50,113 | 62.1% |
| Ross and Cromarty | 79,467 | 56,767 | 71.4% |
| Dumbarton | 78,182 | 1,423 | 1.8% |
| Dumfries | 76,167 | 17 | 0.0% |
| Banff | 59,783 | 330 | 0.6% |
| Roxburgh | 52,592 | 25 | 0.0% |
| Elgin (or Moray) | 45,084 | 1,273 | 2.8% |
| Linlithgow | 44,005 | 47 | 0.1% |
| Kirkcudbright | 42,290 | 11 | 0.0% |
| Caithness | 39,859 | 4,246 | 10.7% |
| Haddington | 38,510 | 294 | 0.8% |
| Wigtown | 38,448 | 28 | 0.1% |
| Kincardine | 35,465 | 18 | 0.1% |
| Berwick | 35,273 | 43 | 0.1% |
| Orkney | 32,044 | 36 | 0.1% |
| Shetland | 29,705 | 12 | 0.0% |
| Selkirk | 26,346 | 8 | 0.0% |
| Clackmannan | 24,025 | 86 | 0.4% |
| Sutherland | 22,376 | 16,776 | 75.0% |
| Bute | 17,634 | 3,725 | 21.1% |
| Peebles | 13,688 | 3 | 0.0% |
| Nairn | 8,847 | 1,068 | 12.1% |
| Kinross | 7,330 | 15 | 0.2% |
| Total | 3,735,536 | 231,602 | 6.2% |

Table above according to *Return of numbers of gaelic-speaking people of Scotland, under census of 1881*.

## InfoBox

| Census 1881 | |
| --- | --- |
| ---  --- | |
| General information | |
| Country | United Kingdom |


title: Six Giants of the Wisden Century

abstract: The "Six Giants of the Wisden Century" are six cricketers who were judged by Sir Neville Cardus in 1963 to have been the most notable players of the previous 100 years. Cardus made his selection at the request of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack for its 100th annual edition published that year.

text:
# Six Giants of the Wisden Century

The **"Six Giants of the Wisden Century"** are six cricketers who were judged by Sir Neville Cardus in 1963 to have been the most notable players of the previous 100 years. Cardus made his selection at the request of *Wisden Cricketers' Almanack* for its 100th annual edition published that year.

## Selection

In alphabetical order, the six players selected were:

## Alternatives

Cardus was aware that any such selection would be controversial, for he wrote: "I can already hear in my imagination a thousand protesting voices (including my own)". He then named over a dozen other players that he had considered for the honour:

Given that Cardus was making the choice, the omission of Rhodes is the biggest surprise. In another place, Cardus has written that he would "bend any rule to ensure that Wilfred is in my team".

Cardus explained that he had looked for more than brilliant batting and artful bowling. He wanted players who, in addition to scoring runs and taking wickets, "have given to the technique and style of cricket a new twist, a new direction". In other words, he wanted not just great players but *creative* players (Cardus used the italics himself).

## Rationale

His stated reasons for each of the six choices included the following comments:

W. G. Grace None of these (other great players), not even Sir Jack (Hobbs), dominated for decades all other players, none of them lasted so long. In a way he invented what we now call modern cricket. His national renown packed cricket grounds everywhere. He laid the foundations of county cricket economy. The sweep of his energy, his authority, and prowess, his personal presence, caused cricket to expand beyond a game. His bulk and stride carried cricket into the highways of our national life. He became a representative Victorian, a father figure. Jack Hobbs Sir Jack is the only cricketer of whom we might fairly say that he directly descended from W.G. fully-armed, like Jove. I never saw him make an uneducated stroke. When he misjudged the nature of a ball he could, naturally enough, make the wrong right stroke. He not only enlarged and subtilised the art of batsmanship; he, like W.G. widened and strengthened cricket's appeal and history. ...the vintage Hobbs, the Master of our time... Tom Richardson I choose Richardson as one of my Six, not on the supposition that he was the greatest fast bowler of the century, though certainly he was in the running. I take him as the fully realised personification of the fast bowler as every schoolboy dreams and hopes he might one day be himself. Richardson was, in his heyday, a handsome, swarthy giant, lithe, muscular, broad of shoulder, and of apparently inexhaustible energy. He was indeed the ideal fast bowler, aiming at the stumps, always on the attack. His leap before the right arm wheeled over was superb in poise. Never did he send down a defensive ball. He would have been too proud. "He tried," A.C. MacLaren told me, "to get a wicket every ball. Honest Tom!" Let us remember him by those two words of MacLaren's tribute – Honest Tom. Victor Trumper It is futile to ask who was the greatest batsman? There are different orders of greatness. Talent, even genius, is conditioned by the material circumstances in which it is developed. Victor Trumper was the embodiment of gallantry as he made his runs. He was a chivalrous batsman, nothing mean or discourteous in any of his movements or intentions at the wicket. "He had no style", wrote C. B. Fry of him, "but he was all style". But not by counting Victor's runs, not by looking at any records, will you get the slightest idea of Trumper's glorious cricket. You might as well count the notes of the music of Mozart. Sydney Barnes Most cricketers and students of the game belonging to the period in which S.F. Barnes played were agreed that he was the bowler of the century. Australians as well as English voted him unanimously the greatest. Clem Hill, the famous Australian left-handed batsman, told me that on a perfect wicket Barnes could swing the new ball in and out very late, could spin from the ground, pitch on the leg stump and miss the off. Barnes had a splendid upright action, right arm straight over. He ran on easy strides, not a penn'orth of energy wasted. He fingered a cricket ball sensitively, like a violinist his fiddle. He always attacked. Don Bradman Sir Donald Bradman (hereinafter to be named Bradman or The Don), must be called the most masterful and prolific maker of runs the game has so far known. He was, in short, a great batsman. Critics have argued that he was mechanical. So is a majestically flying aeroplane. The difference between Bradman and, say, Victor Trumper as batsmen, was in fact the difference between an aeroplane and a swallow in flight. Discussing him entirely from the point of view of a writer on the game, I am happy to say that he was for me a constant spur to ideas. A newspaper column couldn't contain him. He was, as far as a cricketer can be, a genius.