title: Silversun Pickups

abstract: Silversun Pickups is an American alternative rock band from Los Angeles that was formed in 2000. The band is composed of Brian Aubert, Nikki Monninger, Christopher Guanlao, and Joe Lester. The band released their debut EP, Pikul, in July 2005, and their debut album, Carnavas, on July 26, 2006. Their second album, Swoon, was released on April 14, 2009. Neck of the Woods, the band's third album, came out on May 8, 2012. They issued their fourth album, Better Nature, on September 25, 2015. Their fifth album, Widow's Weeds, came out on June 7, 2019. Their sixth and most recent album, Physical Thrills, was released on August 19, 2022.

text:
# Silversun Pickups

**Silversun Pickups** is an American alternative rock band from Los Angeles that was formed in 2000. The band is composed of Brian Aubert, Nikki Monninger, Christopher Guanlao, and Joe Lester.

The band released their debut EP, *Pikul*, in July 2005, and their debut album, *Carnavas*, on July 26, 2006. Their second album, *Swoon*, was released on April 14, 2009. *Neck of the Woods*, the band's third album, came out on May 8, 2012. They issued their fourth album, *Better Nature*, on September 25, 2015. Their fifth album, *Widow's Weeds*, came out on June 7, 2019. Their sixth and most recent album, *Physical Thrills*, was released on August 19, 2022.

## History

### Early years and *Pikul* EP (2000–2005)

Brian Aubert met Nikki Monninger in 1994 on a flight from Los Angeles to London. Both of them were headed to Cambridge for a school exchange program. Aubert noticed Monninger sitting across the aisle from him, stealing alcohol from the drink cart. The pair formed Silversun Pickups in 2000, joined in the original lineup by guitarist Jack Kennedy and drummer Elvira Gonzalez. The band began playing in Los Angeles clubs, most often at Silverlake Lounge or nearby Spaceland, and became part of the Silver Lake music scene.

The name Silversun Pickups was derived from Silversun, a liquor store located across from Silverlake Lounge. One of the band's friends would often arrive at the store late at night to buy liquor, making a "Silversun pickup". In interviews, the band has said its name is more of "a state of mind".

In 2002, both Kennedy and Gonzalez left the band. Kennedy would go on to focus on his eponymous solo project, while Gonzalez remained close with the band—playing a bit part in their music video for "Lazy Eye", in 2006. Gonzalez was replaced by drummer Christopher Guanlao, who had played in the band Crooner throughout the 1990s. Rather than recruit a new second guitarist, however, Aubert opted for keyboardist Joe Lester—formerly the bassist of Los Angeles band Pine Marten. The lineup of the band would remain unchanged thereafter.

Silversun Pickups released their debut EP, *Pikul*, in 2005. It included the single "Kissing Families", which featured fellow Silver Lake artist Tanya Haden on cello.

### *Carnavas* (2006–2007)

On July 25, 2006, Silversun Pickups released their debut full-length album *Carnavas*. Two of the album's four singles, "Lazy Eye" and "Well Thought Out Twinkles", made the top 10 of the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart in 2007. "Lazy Eye" is also featured in the video games *Rock Band 2* and *Guitar Hero World Tour*, one of only 13 songs to be featured in both games. The songs "Melatonin" and "Well Thought Out Twinkles" are also available as downloadable content for the *Rock Band* series. *Forza Horizon*, released in 2012, features "Lazy Eye" as a track played on "Horizon Rocks", one of three in-game radio stations.

The band finished a three-week tour opening for Wolfmother on December 9, 2006, and later toured with OK Go and Snow Patrol on their U.S. spring tour, which ended on April 10, 2007. They also played at the Coachella Music Festival in Indio, California, on April 27, 2007, as well as various concerts for modern rock-formatted radio stations in the US throughout the year. They also toured the UK and Ireland while *Carnavas* was released there on May 28, 2007. The band opened for Foo Fighters in Edinburgh and Dublin. They also opened for the Kaiser Chiefs during their European tour.

*Carnavas* peaked at No. 80 on the *Billboard 200* and has sold 435,000 copies since its release.

### *Swoon* (2008–2010)

Silversun Pickups' second album, *Swoon*, includes 10 tracks, and instead of having a straightforward mid-tempo sound, Aubert said: "Some songs are very quiet and delicate, \[while\] others are just \[freaking\] loud." The album was released on April 14, 2009, to positive reviews. It debuted at No. 7, selling approximately 43,000 copies in its first week.

The first single released was "Panic Switch", which aired on VH1 and MTV music video shows and radio stations worldwide. "Panic Switch" is also featured in the video games *Rock Band* and *Rocksmith*.

Silversun Pickups played the 2009 Voodoo Music Experience Festival over the Halloween weekend. In 2009, the band performed "Catch and Release", "Panic Switch", "Lazy Eye", "Well Thought Out Twinkles", "Growing Old Is Getting Old", and "Kissing Families" for *MTV Unplugged*.

In early December 2009, the band was nominated in the Best New Artist category for the 52nd Grammy Awards. Their nomination drew some controversy, because the band was already moderately successful before the 2008-2009 nominating year, although this was mainly due to misunderstandings involving the selections of Best New Artist nominees.

They supported Placebo on their Winter 2009 European tour. Upon the release of *Swoon*, they toured with Manchester Orchestra as main support. In spring 2010, the band toured with Muse for their US tour. They toured North America again in summer 2010 with Against Me! and the Henry Clay People. Another tour took place with Australian rock band Birds of Tokyo in September 2010 and ended an 18-month set of shows in support of *Swoon* at Austin City Limits.

### *Neck of the Woods* (2011–2013)

The band released a three-song 10" vinyl single for Record Store Day's "Back to Black Friday" event on November 25, 2011, titled "Seasick". It was composed of three previously unreleased songs: "Seasick", "Broken Bottles", and "Ribbons and Detours". These were songs left over from the *Swoon* sessions, and were not put on their third studio album. The band also contributed a cover of Bob Dylan's "Not Dark Yet" for the tribute album *Chimes of Freedom*.

On February 7, 2012, it was announced that Silversun Pickups would be playing the main stage at the 2012 Sasquatch! Music Festival. On March 7, 2012, Aubert confirmed via Twitter both the name of the album - *Neck of the Woods* \- as well as the release date - May 8, 2012. Shortly afterward, the album artwork was posted to the band's Facebook account. On March 25, 2012, the first single from the new album, "Bloody Mary (Nerve Endings)", was released. The pre-order for *Neck of the Woods* also started.

On May 8, 2012, Silversun Pickups' third album *Neck of the Woods* was released. It opened near the top of the iTunes top 100 albums and moved into the number one spot the following day. Around the same time, the band announced that they would be playing a number of high-profile summer music festivals. On May 30, 2012, the video to "Bloody Mary (Nerve Endings)" was released and announced on Twitter.

On July 24, 2012, the band announced plans for a North American Tour beginning in September 2012. The tour took place on the West Coast, Midwest, and western Canada, with supporting acts including School of Seven Bells and Atlas Genius. In August 2012, Sarah Negahdari, singer and guitarist for The Happy Hollows, temporarily replaced Monninger for live performances while the latter was on maternity leave.

### *Better Nature* (2014–2017)

On January 7, 2014, Silversun Pickups announced a compilation album entitled *The Singles Collection*, comprising ten previously released songs as well as the new track "Cannibal", which was also the lead single. A video for the song aired in the middle of February, and the band appeared on the *Jimmy Kimmel Live!* show while performing in-store at Amoeba Music (Hollywood). The collection was released on February 25 and appeared in regular formats as well as a box of six 7" vinyl records that included the additional track "Devil's Cup".

On July 15, 2015, the band announced their next album, *Better Nature*. It was released on September 25, 2015.

In 2017, they featured as the one-band soundtrack to Aisha Tyler's feature film directorial debut, *Axis*.

### *Widow's Weeds* and *Physical Thrills* (2018–present)

On June 28, 2018, Silversun Pickups posted a photo from a studio session, announcing they had broken ground on recording their fifth album. Butch Vig was mentioned in the post, potentially indicating he would be producing the album. Later, they posted a photo to their social media platforms from the studio with Vig, confirming his involvement.

On April 11, 2019, the band released the video for "It Doesn't Matter Why", the first single from the album *Widow's Weeds*, which was issued on June 7, 2019. The songs "Freakazoid" and "Don't Know Yet" were also released as singles. On June 10, 2020, the band issued a 7" single titled "Toy Soldiers", a cover of the 1989 Martika song. Like *Widow's Weeds*, the cover was produced by Butch Vig.

On July 11, 2022, Silversun Pickups released "Scared Together", the first single from their sixth album, *Physical Thrills*, which was published on August 19. On August 5, 2022, the band released "Alone on a Hill", the second single from *Physical Thrills*. The track marked the band's first-ever single to feature Monninger on sole lead vocals. "This song exposes a side I didn't know I had in me", Monninger said in a statement. "It felt freeing, especially with everything going on in the past couple of years. I'm grateful everyone gave me so much support during the recording process, as I am a bit timid when it comes to hearing the sound of my own voice. Bri just kept telling me to channel my inner Kate Bush".

In December 2022, the band released two new singles: "David Lynch Has a Painting Made of Flies Eyes" and a cover of Low's "Just Like Christmas". The former was a collaboration with Vig, under the moniker SSVU. In June 2023, the band issued a three-track EP entitled *Acoustic Thrills*, which contained acoustic versions of songs from *Physical Thrills*: "Scared Together", "Empty Nest", and "Alone on a Hill". The following month, they shared a cover of Joe Jackson's "I'm the Man", recorded for the Netflix series *The Lincoln Lawyer* and appearing in the trailer for its second season.

## Musical style

Silversun Pickups' first two albums, *Carnavas* and *Swoon*, feature a shoegaze sound that employs multiple overdubs of heavy, distorted guitars; they are frequently compared to the styles of the Smashing Pumpkins and My Bloody Valentine. 2012's *Neck of the Woods* and 2015's *Better Nature* largely lack their shoegaze influences, instead incorporating strong electronic elements.

## Equipment

Aubert predominantly uses a 1994 Epiphone Sheraton II (Korean reissue), 1965 Gibson Non-Reverse Firebird, (unknown year) Gibson Reverse Firebird, Gibson SG Custom, and a Gibson Midtown Custom; Ernie Ball strings; Yellow Dunlop picks; (1990s) Fender Hot Rod DeVille amplifiers; Fractal Axe-FX II XL+.

Monninger plays Gibson Thunderbirds and is seen with a Fender Precision Bass in the video for "Well Thought Out Twinkles".

Guanlao mainly played Ludwig Vistalites until around the *Swoon* era, when he switched to an acrylic C&C kit. He also uses Istanbul cymbals.

## Band members

### Current

* Brian Aubert – lead and backing vocals, guitar, occasional keyboards (2000–present)
* Nikki Monninger – bass guitar, backing and lead vocals (2000–present; hiatus 2012–2013)
* Chris Guanlao – drums, percussion, programming, occasional backing vocals (2002–present)
* Joe Lester – keyboards, samples, sound manipulation, occasional guitar and backing vocals (2002–present)

### Former

* Jack Kennedy – guitar, backing vocals (2000–2002)
* Elvira Gonzales – drums, percussion (2000–2002)

### Former touring musicians

* Sarah Negahdari – bass, backing vocals (2012–2013)

## Discography

## InfoBox

| Silversun Pickups | |
| --- | --- |
| Silversun Pickups at Coachella 2009 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Los Angeles, US |
| Genres |  |
| Discography | Silversun Pickups discography |
| Years active | 2000 (2000)–present |
| Labels |  |
|  | |
| Members | * Brian Aubert * Christopher Guanlao * Joe Lester * Nikki Monninger |
|  | |
| Past members |  |
|  | |
| Website | silversunpickups.com |


title: John Ridgely

abstract: John Ridgely was an American film character actor with over 175 film credits.

text:
# John Ridgely

**John Ridgely** (born **John Huntington Rea**, September 6, 1909 – January 18, 1968 ) was an American film character actor with over 175 film credits.

## Early years

Ridgely was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of John Ridgely Rea. Ridgely's elementary schooling was in Hinsdale, Illinois, and he attended Kemper Military School in Boonville, Missouri. He also attended Stanford University before his debut in movies.

## Film

He appeared in the 1946 Humphrey Bogart film *The Big Sleep* as blackmailing gangster Eddie Mars and had a pivotal role as a suffering heart patient in the film noir *Nora Prentiss* (1947). His most prominent other roles were his top-billed part as the bomber captain in Howard Hawks's *Air Force* and as real-life fighter pilot Tex Hill in 1945's *God is My Co-Pilot*.

The Chicago-born actor appeared in a large number of other films, particularly for Warner Bros., in the 1930s and 1940s.

Freelancing after 1948, Ridgely continued to essay general-purpose parts until he left films in 1953.

## Later life and death

He worked in summer-theater productions and television until his death from a heart attack at the age of 58 in 1968.

## Selected filmography

## Radio appearances

| Year | Program | Episode/source |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1938 | *Warner Brothers Academy Theater* | *Special Agent* |

## InfoBox

| John Ridgely | |
| --- | --- |
| Ridgely in the trailer for *Destination Tokyo* (1943) | |
| Born | John Huntington Rea
(1909-09-06)September 6, 1909
Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | January 18, 1968(1968-01-18) (aged 58)
New York City, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Stanford University |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1935–1954 |
| Spouse | Virginia Robinson |


title: The March of the 45

abstract: The March of the 45 was a poetic radio play about the Jacobite Rising of 1745. It was created by D. G. Bridson and broadcast by the BBC in 1936. It was the first production in the verse play format especially produced for the radio, being followed by The Fall of the City which was broadcast by CBS in 1937. It was influential and well-received, being described by Clement Semmler in 1981 as "still the best radio verse play written in English".

text:
# The March of the 45

***The March of the 45*** was a poetic radio play about the Jacobite Rising of 1745. It was created by D. G. Bridson and broadcast by the BBC in 1936. It was the first production in the verse play format especially produced for the radio, being followed by *The Fall of the City* which was broadcast by CBS in 1937. It was influential and well-received, being described by Clement Semmler in 1981 as "*still the best radio verse play written in English*".


title: Del Beshore

abstract: Delmer Beshore is an American former professional basketball player, formerly in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Born in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, he played college basketball with California University of Pennsylvania.

text:
# Del Beshore

**Delmer Beshore** (born November 29, 1956) is an American former professional basketball player, formerly in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Born in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, he played college basketball with California University of Pennsylvania.

## Biography

Beshore, a 5'11" and 165 lb point guard, spent the 1978–79 NBA season with the Milwaukee Bucks, appearing in one minute of one game and registering no statistics. His final NBA season, in 1979–80, was spent with the Chicago Bulls, with whom he averaged 3.6 points per game in 68 contests. He was selected by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1980 NBA expansion draft but did not end up playing with them.

Beshore also played in Italy with Sacramora Basket Rimini, with the Fresno Stars of the Western Basketball Association, and in 1984 was a player-coach with the Wyoming Wildcatters of the CBA. He is currently an assistant coach for Fresno Pacific University, where he has been since 1998.

## NBA career statistics

Legend
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MPG | Minutes per game |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FG% | Field goal percentage | 3P% | 3-point field goal percentage | FT% | Free throw percentage |
| RPG | Rebounds per game | APG | Assists per game | SPG | Steals per game |
| BPG | Blocks per game | PPG | Points per game | **Bold** | Career high |

### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1978–79 | Milwaukee | 1 |  | 1.0 | .000 | .000 | .000 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 1979–80 | Chicago | **68** |  | **12.8** | **.352** | **.385** | **.667** | **0.9** | **2.0** | **0.9** | **0.1** | **3.6** |
| Career | | 69 | 0 | 12.6 | .352 | .385 | .667 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 3.5 |

1. "NBA Expansion Drafts: Results". *NBA.com*. Archived from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 24, 2007.
2. "FPU MBB Athlete Profile". Archived from the original on October 10, 2006. Retrieved March 24, 2007.
3. "FPU MBB Coaches". Archived from the original on September 2, 2006. Retrieved March 24, 2007.

## InfoBox

Del Beshore
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1956-11-29) November 29, 1956
Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania |
| Nationality | American |
| Listed height | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) |
| Listed weight | 165 lb (75 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school | Red Land
(New Cumberland, Pennsylvania) |
| College | California (Pennsylvania) (1974–1978) |
| NBA draft | 1978: undrafted |
| Playing career | 1978–1985 |
| Position | Guard |
| Number | 12, 1 |
| Career history | |
| 1978 | Milwaukee Bucks |
| 1978–1979 | Fresno Stars |
| 1979–1980 | Chicago Bulls |
| 1980–1982 | Basket Rimini |
| 1983–1985 | Wyoming Wildcatters |
| 1988 | Fresno Flames |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Stats  at NBA.com | |
| Stats  at Basketball-Reference.com | |


title: Cao Lihuai

abstract: Cao Lihuai was a founding lieutenant general of the People's Liberation Army, a Deputy to the Third National People's Congress, and a member of the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party.

text:
# Cao Lihuai

**Cao Lihuai** (Chinese: 曹里怀; pinyin: *Cáo Lǐhuái*; Wade–Giles: *Ts'ao Li-huai*; November 15, 1909-May 19, 1998) was a founding lieutenant general of the People's Liberation Army, a Deputy to the Third National People's Congress, and a member of the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party.

## Life

Cao was born in Zixing, Hunan province on November 15, 1909. As a teenaged student Cao was an enthusiastic supporter of the Northern Expedition and attempted to join the National Revolutionary Army, although he was rejected on account of his age. In early 1928, however, Cao learned that the Communist General Zhu De was leading an army in southern Hunan. He and a friend got a letter of recommendation from the local party secretary and walked the 120 miles to find the Chinese Red Army. They were assigned to the second company of the Second Battalion. They accompanied the army when it marched north to join Mao Zedong in the Jinggang Mountains. Cao Lihuai quickly rose through the ranks, and had served as both a propaganda secretary and a staff officer by 1930. Although he was accused of being part of the Anti-Bolshevik League and tortured, he refused to confess and Zhu De intervened to have him released. His promotions continued and by 1932 he was chief of staff for the Seventh Division in the Fourth Red Army. He got an opportunity to serve as a division commander during the fourth anti-encirclement campaign when his superior officer was wounded, and proved capable in battle. Cao was then sent to the Red Army University in Ruijin to get advanced military training. His first field command was as commander of the International Division in December 1933. In June of the following year, he was transferred to the Fifth Red Army Corps as chief of staff. In the leadership struggles that took place during the Long March, Zhang Guotao had Cao purged from the Party and dismissed from his army post. He was once again spared from execution because of Zhu De's intervention. Cao would spend the next few years as an instructor at the Red Army University. His party membership was eventually restored.

After a brief stint with the Eighth Route Army at the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War, Cao would spend the next 5 years as chief of staff of the Left-behind Corps. In 1942, at the Party Congress of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, he was elected as a representative to the Community Party's Seventh National Congress. In 1943, he enrolled in the Central Party School and participated in the Yan'an Rectification Movement. Following the policy of launching offensive operations and consolidating and expanding the anti-Japanese base areas, in the spring and summer of 1945, battles were launched in Nanle, Dongping, Yanggu, Haizi and east of Anyang, connecting the liberated areas of Hebei, Shandong and Henan into a large area.

In the aftermath of Japan's surrender, Cao Lihuai led the regiment of soldiers that escorted Lin Biao and Xiao Jinguang from Puyang to Manchuria. Peng Zhen then assigned Cao to command of Changchun's garrison. On December 14, 1945, he was forced to withdraw from the urban area of Changchun because of discipline problems with the local militias that had been recruited into the new People's Liberation Army. By April 1946 these issues had been resolved, and Cao was able to lead the recapturing of the city. For the rest of the Civil War he served as military commander of northern Jilin. For his service in the Civil War and WWII, in 1955 he was awarded the August 1 Medal, the Independence and Freedom Medal, and the Liberation Medal (all First Class).

In April 1952, he was transferred to the Air Force and became commander the Central South Military Region (later the Guangzhou Military Region). In 1955, he would be promoted to lieutenant general. In June 1956, Cao was promoted to deputy commander of the Air Force and director of the Air Force Military Training Department (he would continue to concurrently serve as the commander of the Guangzhou Military Region until September 1957). In this position, he helped develop a number of manuals, textbooks, and procurement standards for the Air Force. After the Lin Biao incident in 1971, he became the leader of the five-member Air Force Group and he presided over the work of the Air Force until May 1973.

Cao retired in November 1982, although he remained involved in party and military affairs. In January 1983, he returned to his hometown of Zixing. He passed away on May 19, 1998 at the age of 88.

## Memorial

In 2011, Cao Lihuai's former residence became a Historical or Cultural Site protected by Hunan Province.

## InfoBox

| Cao Lihuai | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Native name | 曹里怀 |
| Born | (1909-11-15)15 November 1909
Hunan, Qing dynasty |
| Died | 19 May 1998(1998-05-19) (aged 88) |
| Allegiance | Chinese Communist Party
People's Republic of China |
| Service/branch | People's Liberation Army Ground Force
People's Liberation Army Air Force |
| Awards |  |


title: Vanduzea triguttata

abstract: Vanduzea triguttata, also known as the three-spotted treehopper, is a species of treehopper belonging to the genus Vanduzea. It was first described by the German entomologist Ernst-Gerhard Burmeister in 1836.

text:
# Vanduzea triguttata

***Vanduzea triguttata***, also known as the **three-spotted treehopper**, is a species of treehopper belonging to the genus *Vanduzea*. It was first described by the German entomologist Ernst-Gerhard Burmeister in 1836.

## Description

*V. triguttata* is similar to *Vanduzea arquata*. Its pronotum is brown overall, with three white spots, hence the nickname three-spotted treehopper. Males are 3-3.5 millimeters long while females are 4 millimeters long.

## Habitat and diet

*V. triguttata* is found in southern and midwestern United States, southern Canada, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guyana. Due to its unusually large range, it feeds on many types of trees, including:

## InfoBox

| *Vanduzea triguttata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Auchenorrhyncha |
| Family: | Membracidae |
| Genus: | *Vanduzea* |
| Species: | ***V. triguttata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Vanduzea triguttata***<br>Burmeister, 1836 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| List * *Entylia triguttata* Burmeister, 1836 * *Acutalis triguttata* Burmeister, 1836 * *Parmula triguttata* Burmeister, 1836 * *Cyrtolobus annexus* Townsend, 1892 * *Vanduzea vestita* Goding, 1893 | |


title: Lambula nigra

abstract: Lambula nigra is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by van Eecke in 1929. It is found on Buru.

text:
# Lambula nigra

***Lambula nigra*** is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by van Eecke in 1929. It is found on Buru.

## InfoBox

| *Lambula nigra* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Lambula* |
| Species: | ***L. nigra*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lambula nigra***<br>van Eecke, 1929 | |
|


title: Chery Tiggo 5

abstract: The Chery Tiggo 5 is a compact crossover produced by Chery under the Tiggo product series.

text:
# Chery Tiggo 5

The **Chery Tiggo 5** is a compact crossover produced by Chery under the Tiggo product series.

## Overview

The Chery Tiggo 5 was launched in November 2013 on the 2013 Guangzhou Auto Show. The Chery Tiggo 5 was later launched in China on November 28, pricing starts around 100,000 yuan to 150,000 yuan. The Tiggo 5 is slightly larger and is positioned above the Chery Tiggo 3 compact crossover.

## InfoBox

| Chery Tiggo 5 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Chery |
| Also called | * Cowin X5 * Cowin 5 SUV * Chery Grand Tiggo * DR6 (Italy) * EVO6 (Italy) |
| Production | 2013–2021 |
| Assembly |  |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Compact crossover |
| Body style | 5-door station wagon |
| Layout |  |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine |  |
| Transmission |  |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,610 mm (102.8 in) |
| Length | 4,506 mm (177.4 in) |
| Width | 1,841 mm (72.5 in) |
| Height | 1,740 mm (68.5 in) |


title: Shunya Nakamachi

abstract: Shunya Nakamachi Shunya Nakamachi is a Japanese wheelchair rugby player who currently plays for COLOPL and the Japanese national team.

text:
# Shunya Nakamachi

**Shunya Nakamachi** (中町 俊耶, *Nakamachi Shunya*, born August 30, 1994) is a Japanese wheelchair rugby player who currently plays for COLOPL and the Japanese national team.

## Background and career

Nakamachi graduated from Honjo Daiichi High School in March 2013. He was a member of the baseball team in high school. While still a member of the baseball team as a freshman in college, he broke his neck and now has disabilities in both hands and the lower body.

In 2021, Nakamachi was selected as a recommended player for the Japanese national team for the 2020 Summer Paralympics and won a bronze medal.

## InfoBox

Shunya Nakamachi
| Date of birth | (1994-08-30) August 30, 1994 |
| --- | --- |
| Place of birth | Kitamoto, Saitama, Japan |
| Occupation(s) | Wheelchair rugby player |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)**  -  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  Japan | |
| Medal record      Representing  Japan  Paralympic Games  Wheelchair rugby  2024 Paris Wheelchair Rugby  2020 Tokyo Wheelchair Rugby | |


title: Silverstream Bridge railway station

abstract: Silverstream Bridge railway station was a station on the Hutt Valley Line section of the Wairarapa Line in New Zealand from 1908 until 28 February 1954, when the Melling-Belmont section of the line and the first rail bridge at Silverstream was closed. It was replaced by the Silverstream railway station. The station was just across the old rail bridge, in the corner of the Silverstream Hospital grounds. The building was built on a slight curve. It was unusual, being extra long and open on three sides. The back wall had three double doors from the platform.

text:
# Silverstream Bridge railway station

**Silverstream Bridge railway station** was a station on the Hutt Valley Line section of the Wairarapa Line in New Zealand from 1908 until 28 February 1954, when the Melling-Belmont section of the line and the first rail bridge at Silverstream was closed. It was replaced by the Silverstream railway station.

The station was just across the old rail bridge, in the corner of the Silverstream Hospital grounds. The building was built on a slight curve. It was unusual, being extra long and open on three sides. The back wall had three double doors from the platform.

## History

The Silverstream Bridge railway station was opened on 26 May 1908, and was one of several stations opened in 1908 on the Hutt Valley section of the line, along with Melling railway station, Gosse and Co's Siding, Pitcaithly's railway station, and the Belmont Quarry Co's Siding (which is not to be confused with the Belmont railway station). The main line ran up the western side of the Hutt Valley until 1954.

The station was closed in 1917, but was reopened on 17 August 1942 in World War II to serve the Silverstream Hospital built for American casualties from the Pacific.

Some of this section of the line is now preserved by the Silver Stream Railway, opened in 1978.

### Bibliography

* Hoy, D.G. (1970). *Rails out of the Capital*. New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society.

41°9′1.51″S 174°59′37.32″E / 41.1504194°S 174.9937000°E / -41.1504194; 174.9937000

## InfoBox

| Silverstream Bridge | |
| --- | --- |
| New Zealand Government Railways (NZGR) | |
| General information | |
| Location | Reynolds Bach Drive off Eastern Hutt Road, Upper Hutt |
| Owned by | Railways Department |
| Line(s) | Hutt Valley Line |
| Platforms | Side |
| Tracks | Main line (1) |
| History | |
| Opened | 26 May 1908 |
| Closed | 28 February 1954 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


abstract: The University of British Columbia Vancouver is the main campus of the University of British Columbia, located on the Point Grey Peninsula in British Columbia, Canada. The campus is home to close to 55,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The 402-hectare (993-acre) campus is also home to a numerous residential housing developments that were built by UBC in conjunction with private developers. The campus is adjacent to, but not part of, the City of Vancouver and the University Endowment Lands.

text:
# University of British Columbia Vancouver

The **University of British Columbia Vancouver** (abbreviated as **UBC Vancouver**) is the main campus of the University of British Columbia, located on the Point Grey Peninsula in British Columbia, Canada.

The campus is home to close to 55,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The 402-hectare (993-acre) campus is also home to a numerous residential housing developments that were built by UBC in conjunction with private developers. The campus is adjacent to, but not part of, the City of Vancouver and the University Endowment Lands.

## Housing

### Private residential neighbourhoods

The following residential neighbourhoods are situated on UBC's campus:

* Chancellor Place
* East Campus
* Hampton Place
* Hawthorn Place
* Wesbrook Place

### Student housing

There are numerous student housing residences throughout UBC's campus. These residences serve varying demographics. For example, some serve just first-year students, while others serve students with families and visiting scholars.

#### First-year housing

* Place Vanier
* Totem Park
* Orchard Commons

#### New and returning student housing

* Ritsumeikan–UBC House
* Walter Gage

#### Upper-year and graduate housing

* Fairview Crescent
* Marine Drive
* Iona House
* Brock Commons Tallwood House
* Fraser Hall
* Ponderosa Commons
* Thunderbird
* Acadia Park
* Green College
* St. John's College
* Exchange
* tə šxʷhəleləm̓s tə k̓ʷaƛ̓kʷəʔaʔɬ (The Houses of the Ones Belonging to the Saltwater)

## Campus academic facilities

### AMS Student Nest

The Nest is home to most of the student clubs at UBC, as well as UBC Food Services, two convenience stores, a RBC Bank, a salon, both a bar and a pub, a movie theatre, and other student services. It is owned and operated by the Alma Mater Society of the University of British Columbia.

### Peter A Allard School of Law

The Peter A Allard School of Law is UBC's faculty of law. Founded in 1945, it was renamed after an alumnus in 2015 after a $30 million donation. The Allard School of Law is one of Canada's most prestigious law schools and offers a wide range of courses, especially in Indigenous law, environmental law, and business law.

## Museums and galleries

There are also several museums and performing arts theatres on campus, including the Morris and Helen Belkin Art Gallery, the Museum of Anthropology at UBC, the Beaty Biodiversity Museum, the Frederic Wood Theatre, and the Chan Centre.

## Sports and recreation

There are many sports facilities located on the UBC campus. UBC's sports teams are called the UBC Thunderbirds and they play at various locations on campus, including War Memorial Gym, Thunderbird Stadium, UBC Aquatic Centre and Thunderbird Winter Sports Centre. The Student Recreation Centre (REC) is home to intramural sports for students.

### 2010 Winter Olympics

For the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, the Thunderbird Winter Sports Centre was replaced by a newer building, named the Doug Mitchell Thunderbird Sports Centre. Demolition of the old arena began in April 2006 and the arena opened on July 7, 2008. The new structure houses three ice rinks, with the main rink accommodating 6,800 spectators.

## Economy

### Film industry

Because many films require university scenes, the campus area is a desirable filming location. Combined with the fact that the Vancouver area is the third-largest film production centre in North America, this has made UBC a popular location for many productions. Production companies that wish to shoot on-campus must pay a fee to the university, which goes to the film and theatre departments.

Some notable movies and television shows shot on campus include:

* *X-Men Origins: Wolverine*: Buchanan Tower
* *The Exorcism of Emily Rose*: UBC's MacMillan Building as the courthouse, Kenny Building as the dorm and Buchanan Building
* *88 Minutes*: UBC's Koerner Library area
* *Taken*: UBC's General Services Administration Building for hostage scenes
* *Try Seventeen*: UBC's Chan Centre for student orientation scenes
* *She's the Man*: UBC's Thunderbird Stadium for soccer stadium scenes
* *The Butterfly Effect*: Koerner Library area, Room 100 of the UBC Geography Building as the lecture hall, and the main mall.
* *Wind Chill*: UBC's Main Mall
* *The 4400*: Chan Centre as "The 4400 Center," University Marketplace
* *Antitrust*: Chan Centre
* *Smallville*: Koerner and Main Libraries, for exteriors
* *Battlestar Galactica*: Rose Garden and Chan Centre exterior for "Cloud Nine"
* *MacGyver*: Various campus exteriors
* *Fringe*: Flagpole Plaza, Chan Centre exterior and interior, Macleod and Brimacombe Buildings exterior

## InfoBox

| University of British Columbia Vancouver | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 49°15′54″N 123°14′31″W / 49.265°N 123.242°W / 49.265; -123.242 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | British Columbia |
| Regional District | Greater Vancouver |
| Government | |
| MP | Joyce Murray |
| MLA | David Eby |
| Area | |
| Total | 402 ha (993 acres) |
| Population | |
| Estimate (2017) | 23,000 |
| Daytime Population | 80,000 |
| Website | ubc.ca/vancouver |


title: The March of Democracy

abstract: The March of Democracy is a five-volume book by James Truslow Adams, published in 1932 and 1933 by C. Scribner's Sons. It is a chronicle with full title The March of Democracy: A History of the United States. The first volume covers America from its discovery and early settlement to the American Revolution to 1800. The second volume begins with the election of Thomas Jefferson as U.S. president in 1801, the War of 1812, the election of Andrew Jackson, the Mexican–American War through to the period before the American Civil War. The third volume begins with the election of Abraham Lincoln, the states seceding, the Civil War and its aftermath, the Industrial Revolution, railroad growth and cattle kingdoms on through Grover Cleveland's term. The fourth volume begins with the election of Benjamin Harrison, the Spanish–American War, the building of the Panama Canal, World War I, the era of great prosperity and then Great Depression and the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt. The fifth volume picks up with Roosevelt's New Deal, financial changes and manipulations, the great Dust Bowl, the Social Security Act, the "G" men, the Supreme Court expansion attempt, the Neutrality Bill, the recession to depression era, build-up of defense and involvement with foreign issues and entry into World War II.

text:
# The March of Democracy

***The March of Democracy*** is a five-volume book by James Truslow Adams, published in 1932 and 1933 by C. Scribner's Sons. It is a chronicle with full title *The March of Democracy: A History of the United States*.

The first volume covers America from its discovery and early settlement to the American Revolution to 1800.

The second volume begins with the election of Thomas Jefferson as U.S. president in 1801, the War of 1812, the election of Andrew Jackson, the Mexican–American War through to the period before the American Civil War.

The third volume begins with the election of Abraham Lincoln, the states seceding, the Civil War and its aftermath, the Industrial Revolution, railroad growth and cattle kingdoms on through Grover Cleveland's term.

The fourth volume begins with the election of Benjamin Harrison, the Spanish–American War, the building of the Panama Canal, World War I, the era of great prosperity and then Great Depression and the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

The fifth volume picks up with Roosevelt's New Deal, financial changes and manipulations, the great Dust Bowl, the Social Security Act, the "G" men, the Supreme Court expansion attempt, the Neutrality Bill, the recession to depression era, build-up of defense and involvement with foreign issues and entry into World War II.


title: The A-Files: Alien Songs

abstract: The A-Files: Alien Songs is a 1998 music album by Alvin and the Chipmunks, released by Sony Wonder. The album's concept parodied the Fox TV series The X-Files.

text:
# The A-Files: Alien Songs

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *The Arizona Daily Star* | (mixed) |

**The A-Files: Alien Songs** is a 1998 music album by *Alvin and the Chipmunks*, released by Sony Wonder. The album's concept parodied the Fox TV series *The X-Files*.

## Track listing

1. "The Purple People Eater" (Sheb Wooley; originally performed by Sheb Wooley) - The Chipmunks – 3:35
2. "Men in Black" (Will Smith/Patrice Rushen/Terri McFadden/Freddie Washington; originally performed by Will Smith and featured in the 1997 film of the same name) - The Chipmunks – 3:46
3. "X-Files Theme" (Mark Snow; originally featured in the television series *The X-Files*) - Alvin and Brittany – 3:06
4. "Rocket Man" (Elton John/Bernie Taupin; originally performed by Elton John) - The Chipmunks – 3:36
5. "Venus" (Robbie van Leeuwen; originally performed by Shocking Blue) - The Chipettes – 3:33
6. "The Time Warp" (Richard O'Brien/Richard Hartley; originally featured in the 1973 musical *The Rocky Horror Show* and its 1975 film adaptation) - The Chipmunks and The Chipettes – 3:41
7. "People Are Strange" (Jim Morrison/Robby Krieger; originally performed by The Doors) - The Chipmunks – 3:23
8. "Star Wars: Cantina Band" (John Williams; originally featured in the 1977 film *Star Wars*) - The Chipmunks – 2:44
9. "Mr. Spaceman" (Jim McGuinn; originally performed by The Byrds) - The Chipmunks – 2:56
10. "Destination Unknown" (Dale Bozzio/Terry Bozzio/Warren Cuccurullo; originally performed by Missing Persons) - The Chipettes – 3:32

*Sources:* Amazon AllMusic

## InfoBox

| The A-Files: Alien Songs | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Alvin and the Chipmunks | |
| Released | May 26, 1998 |
| Label |  |
| Producer | Jai Winding, Ross Bagdasarian and Janice Karman |
| Alvin and the Chipmunks chronology | |
| *Club Chipmunk: The Dance Mixes*
(1996) ***The A-Files: Alien Songs***
(1998) *Greatest Hits: Still Squeaky After All These Years*
(1999) | |


abstract: The Capitol District is a neighborhood adjacent to the state capitol in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. It is delineated by Forster St. to the North, Walnut St. to the South, 3rd St. to the East, and the Susquehanna River to the west. This neighborhood borders the large Pennsylvania State Capitol Complex and has easy access to the Downtown Harrisburg. The Capital District is home to Saint Patrick's Cathedral, St. Stephen's Episcopal Cathedral, State Museum of Pennsylvania, the historic Harrisburg Area YMCA building, many beautiful houses, and several small bistros.

text:
# Capitol District (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania)

The **Capitol District** is a neighborhood adjacent to the state capitol in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. It is delineated by Forster St. to the North, Walnut St. to the South, 3rd St. to the East, and the Susquehanna River to the west. This neighborhood borders the large Pennsylvania State Capitol Complex and has easy access to the Downtown Harrisburg. The Capital District is home to Saint Patrick's Cathedral, St. Stephen's Episcopal Cathedral, State Museum of Pennsylvania, the historic Harrisburg Area YMCA building, many beautiful houses, and several small bistros.

## InfoBox

| Capitol District | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighborhood of Harrisburg | |
| Second and State Streets in front of the Capitol building | |
| Coordinates: 40°16′01″N 76°52′52″W / 40.267°N 76.881°W / 40.267; -76.881 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Pennsylvania |
| County | Dauphin County |
| City | Harrisburg |
| Area code(s) | 717 and 223 |


title: Reiterdenkmal, Windhoek

abstract: The Equestrian Monument, more commonly known under its German original name Reiterdenkmal and the name Südwester Reiter, was a monument in Windhoek, the capital of Namibia. It was inaugurated on 27 January 1912, the birthday of German emperor Wilhelm II. The monument honoured the soldiers and civilians that died on the German side of the Herero and Namaqua War of 1904–1907, a situation that caused controversy about its role in a democratic Namibia that has shed its colonial occupation and gained independence. The monument was unmounted in 2009 at its original location opposite the Christuskirche in central Windhoek, and in 2010 re-erected a few metres away in front of the Alte Feste. After public controversy did not cease it was removed altogether in 2013. The bronze statue is currently in storage in the courtyard of the Alte Feste.

text:
# Reiterdenkmal, Windhoek

The **Equestrian Monument**, more commonly known under its German original name ***Reiterdenkmal*** and the name ***Südwester Reiter*** (*Rider of South West*), was a monument in Windhoek, the capital of Namibia. It was inaugurated on 27 January 1912, the birthday of German emperor Wilhelm II. The monument honoured the soldiers and civilians that died on the German side of the Herero and Namaqua War of 1904–1907, a situation that caused controversy about its role in a democratic Namibia that has shed its colonial occupation and gained independence.

The monument was unmounted in 2009 at its original location opposite the Christuskirche in central Windhoek, and in 2010 re-erected a few metres away in front of the Alte Feste. After public controversy did not cease it was removed altogether in 2013. The bronze statue is currently in storage in the courtyard of the Alte Feste.

## Creation and erection

The *Reiterdenkmal* was financed privately and designed by Berlin sculptor Adolf Kürle. The equestrian statue is 4.5 metres (15 ft) tall and made from bronze. It was created in Berlin and shipped to German South West Africa in 1911. After its arrival in Swakopmund, it was transported by train to Windhoek. The plinth is 5 metres (16 ft) tall and consists of approximately 180 granite rocks from Okahandja. It has a plaque mounted on it that remembers the German soldiers and civilians that died in the Herero and Namaqua War of 1904–1907, as well as in the Kalahari Expedition in 1908. The translation of the inscription is:

> Remembering and honouring the brave German warriors that died for emperor and empire to save and protect this land during the Herero and Hottentot uprisings between 1903 and 1907, and during the Kalahari Expedition in 1908. Also remembering and honouring German citizens that died from the hands of the indigenous. Fallen, missing, died from accident, succumbed to their injuries or sickness: Of the Protection Force: 100 officers, 254 non-commissioned officers, 1180 soldiers, of the marine: 7 officers, 13 non-commissioned officers, 27 seamen. Killed during the uprising: 119 men, 4 women, 1 child.

German South West African Governor Theodor Seitz inaugurated the monument on the 53rd birthday of German emperor Wilhelm II on 27 January 1912.

Although the monument is unusual in that it displays a corporal on horseback, Namibian historian Andreas Vogt incorrectly claimed that nowhere else in the world is an ordinary soldier sculpted in that manner and that the honour of being displayed on a horse is only extended to "highest nobility like emperors, kings and princes". German historian Joachim Zeller points out that traditionally equestrian statues symbolise imperial rule and power, and that this is how the function of the *Reiterdenkmal* has to be interpreted.

## Status

The monument was erected not only to remember the dead but also was intended to serve as symbol of victory and a claim to rightful possession of South West African land. Elke Zuern, Professor of Politics at Sarah Lawrence College, writes:

> "Memorials and commemorations offer stylized presentations of the past. \[...\] They can also have profound political meaning by visibly presenting victor’s justice and offering a warning to those who might continue to resist. The Equestrian Monument in Windhoek served exactly this function. Standing next to the German colonial fort and on the site of a wartime concentration camp, it was erected by the German colonial masters as a symbol of the longevity of their rule."

That political function of the *Reiterdenkmal* became obsolete within three years. World War I broke out, and in 1915 German South West Africa was overrun and the *Schutztruppe* surrendered. Germany lost all of its colonies after the war. Between the two World Wars, the German war graveyard at Waterberg and the *Reiterdenkmal* were the two most important sites for war remembrance and mourning celebrations of the German minority in South West Africa.

The monument also served as brand for German rule in Africa and was used for propaganda during the Third Reich. Books and movies featured pictures of it. In 1969, during the Apartheid era, it was declared a national monument by the South African administration.

## Controversies

The *Reiterdenkmal* has long been controversial. Its continued display of German superiority, as well as its one-sided reporting on the deaths in the first decade of the 20th century although Herero and Damara people lost fifty times as many lives as the Germans during the Herero and Namaqua War, have attracted critical commentary, particularly since the 1980s.

In 1959, a few days after the Old Location Uprising in which 11 people were killed, unknown Herero activists covered the rider's head with a linen bag and decorated the rest of the statue with flowers as a "protest against the atrocities of the white South African minority regime". After Namibia gained independence in 1990, white citizens of German descent feared that the statue would be destroyed, but that was not a priority of the SWAPO government, which preferred to build its own memorial sites to remember the independence struggle.

Several other actions demonstrating the controversies around the monuments were performed in 2008. In July, 51 wooden crosses were erected around the statue, bearing names and expressions in Otjiherero, and in October, a Namibian flag was inserted into the rider's rifle barrel. Each action caused the discussion about status and justification of a monument glorifying German colonialism to flare up again in the local media.

In 2001, the Cabinet of Namibia unanimously decided to build an Independence Museum at the site opposite the Christuskirche, at the place the Equestrian Monument stood. The removal of the statue was explicitly endorsed.

In 2009, construction of the museum began, the monument was wrapped, disassembled, and stored at a warehouse. The storage place was kept secret to avoid attracting vandals and memorabilia collectors. Private donors financed the move, as it was feared that the statue would otherwise be destroyed.

In 2010, the monument was re-erected in front of the Alte Feste, but discussions on its role in an independent Namibia did not cease. The National Heritage Council advertised the suggested deproclamation as National Monument on 20 December 2013 and gave the public 60 days to register objections. Only a few days into the period, on 25 December 2013, the area in front of Alte Feste was cordoned off to prevent the public and the press from getting too close. Police Inspector-General Sebastian Ndeitunga confirmed that it was to be removed again, and the statue was lifted off its plinth in the evening of the same day and transported into the yard of Alte Feste for storage.

## InfoBox

Equestrian Monument
| *Reiterdenkmal*<br>*Südwester Reiter* | |
| --- | --- |
| *Reiterdenkmal* in Windhoek before its relocation in 2009 | |
|  | |
| 22°34′07″S 17°05′16″E / 22.56861°S 17.08778°E / -22.56861; 17.08778 | |
| Location | Windhoek, Namibia |
| Designer | Adolf Kürle |
| Type | Monument |
| Material | Bronze and granite |
| Height | 9.5 metres (31 ft) |
| Dedicated date | 27 January 1912 (1912-01-27) |
| Dedicated to | German soldiers and civilians that died in the Herero and Namaqua War |
| Dismantled date | 2013 (2013) |


title: Lambula flavobrunnea

abstract: Lambula flavobrunnea is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1912. It is found in Papua, Indonesia, where it is distributed in the Central Mountain Range.

text:
# Lambula flavobrunnea

***Lambula flavobrunnea*** is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1912. It is found in Papua, Indonesia, where it is distributed in the Central Mountain Range.

## InfoBox

| *Lambula flavobrunnea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Lambula* |
| Species: | ***L. flavobrunnea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lambula flavobrunnea***<br>Rothschild, 1912 | |
|


title: Sober Island, Nova Scotia

abstract: Sober Island is a rural community on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia, Canada, in the Halifax Regional Municipality. The community is situated on Sober Island. Sober Island Pond is located in the middle of the island. The community is about 14 km (8.7 mi) south of Sheet Harbour. It is connected to the mainland by Sober Island Road. There are no numbered highways on Sober Island.

text:
# Sober Island, Nova Scotia

class=notpageimage|Sober Island in Nova Scotia

**Sober Island** is a rural community on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia, Canada, in the Halifax Regional Municipality. The community is situated on Sober Island. Sober Island Pond is located in the middle of the island. The community is about 14 km (8.7 mi) south of Sheet Harbour. It is connected to the mainland by Sober Island Road. There are no numbered highways on Sober Island.

44°50′32.06″N 62°27′48.44″W / 44.8422389°N 62.4634556°W / 44.8422389; -62.4634556


title: Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory

abstract: Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, later known as Shockley Transistor Corporation, was a pioneering semiconductor developer founded by William Shockley, and funded by Beckman Instruments, Inc., in 1955. It was the first high technology company in what came to be known as Silicon Valley to work on silicon-based semiconductor devices. In 1957, the eight leading scientists resigned and became the core of what became Fairchild Semiconductor. Shockley Semiconductor never recovered from this departure, and was purchased by Clevite in 1960, then sold to ITT in 1968, and shortly after, officially closed. The building remained, but was repurposed as a retail store. By 2015 plans were made to demolish the site to develop a new building complex. By 2017, the site was redeveloped with new signage marking it as the "Real Birthplace of Silicon Valley."

text:
# Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory

**Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory**, later known as **Shockley Transistor Corporation**, was a pioneering semiconductor developer founded by William Shockley, and funded by Beckman Instruments, Inc., in 1955. It was the first high technology company in what came to be known as Silicon Valley to work on silicon-based semiconductor devices.

In 1957, the eight leading scientists resigned and became the core of what became Fairchild Semiconductor. Shockley Semiconductor never recovered from this departure, and was purchased by Clevite in 1960, then sold to ITT in 1968, and shortly after, officially closed.

The building remained, but was repurposed as a retail store. By 2015 plans were made to demolish the site to develop a new building complex. By 2017, the site was redeveloped with new signage marking it as the "Real Birthplace of Silicon Valley."

## Shockley's return to California

William Shockley received his undergraduate degree from Caltech and moved east to complete his PhD at MIT with a focus on physics. He graduated in 1936 and immediately went to work at Bell Labs. Through the 1930s and '40s he worked on electron devices, and increasingly with semiconductor materials, pioneering the field of solid state electronics. This led to the 1947 creation of the first transistor, in partnership with John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and others. Through the early 1950s a series of events led to Shockley becoming increasingly upset with Bell's management, and especially what he saw as a slighting when Bell promoted Bardeen and Brattain's names ahead of his own on the transistor's patent. However, others that worked with him suggested the reason for these issues was Shockley's abrasive management style, and it was this reason that he was constantly passed over for promotion within the company. These issues came to a head in 1953 and he took a sabbatical and returned to Caltech as a visiting professor.

Shockley struck up a friendship with Arnold Orville Beckman, who had invented the pH meter in 1934. Shockley had become convinced that the natural capabilities of silicon meant it would eventually replace germanium as the primary material for transistor construction. Texas Instruments had recently started production of silicon transistors (in 1954), and Shockley thought he could create a superior product. Beckman agreed to back Shockley's efforts in this area, under the umbrella of his company, Beckman Instruments. However, Shockley's mother was aging and often ill, and he decided to live closer to her house in Palo Alto. Shockley set about recruiting his first four PhD physicists: William W. Happ who had previously worked on semiconductor devices at Raytheon, George Smoot Horsley and Leopoldo B. Valdes from Bell Labs, and Richard Victor Jones, a recent Berkeley graduate.

The Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory opened for business in a small commercial lot in nearby Mountain View in 1956. Initially he tried to hire more of his former workers from Bell Labs, but they were reticent to leave the east coast, then the center of most high-tech research. Instead, he assembled a team of young scientists and engineers, some from other parts of Bell Laboratories, and set about designing a new type of crystal-growth system that could produce single-crystal silicon boules, at that time a difficult prospect given silicon's high melting point.

## Shockley diodes

While work on the transistors continued, Shockley hit upon the idea of using a four-layer device (transistors are three) that would have the novel quality of locking into the "on" or "off" state with no further control inputs. Similar circuits required several transistors, typically three, so for large switching networks the new diodes would greatly reduce complexity. The four-layer diode is now called the Shockley diode.

Shockley became convinced that the new device would be just as important as the transistor, and kept the entire project secret, even within the company. This led to increasingly paranoid behavior; in one famed incident he was convinced that a secretary's cut finger was a plot to injure him and ordered lie detector tests on everyone in the company. This was combined with Shockley's vacillating management of the projects; sometimes he felt that getting the basic transistors into immediate production was paramount, and would de-emphasize the Shockley diode project in order to make the "perfect" production system. This upset many of the employees, and mini-rebellions became commonplace.

## Traitorous eight

Eventually a group of the youngest employees – Julius Blank, Victor Grinich, Jean Hoerni, Eugene Kleiner, Jay Last, Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, and Sheldon Roberts – went over Shockley's head to Arnold Beckman, demanding that Shockley be replaced. Beckman initially appeared to agree with their demands, but over time made a series of decisions that supported Shockley. Fed up, the group broke ranks and sought support from Fairchild Camera and Instrument, an Eastern U.S. company with considerable military contracts. In 1957, Fairchild Semiconductor was started with plans for making silicon transistors. Shockley called the young scientists the "traitorous eight" and said they would never be successful.

The eight later left Fairchild and started companies of their own. Over a period of 20 years, 65 different companies were started by 1st or 2nd generation teams that traced their origins in Silicon Valley to Shockley Semiconductor. In 2014, Tech Crunch revisited Don Hoefler's 1971 article, claiming 92 public companies of 130 descendant listed firms were then worth over US$2.1 Trillion. They also claimed over 2,000 companies could be traced back to Fairchild's eight co-founders.

Shockley never managed to make the four-layer diode a commercial success, in spite of eventually working out the technical details and entering production in the 1960s. The introduction of integrated circuits allowed the multiple transistors needed to produce a switch to be placed on a single "chip", thereby nullifying the parts-count advantage of Shockley's design. However, the company did have a number of other successful projects, including the first strong theoretical study of solar cells, developing the seminal Shockley–Queisser limit that places an upper limit of 30% efficiency on basic silicon solar cells.

* Thyristor – a concept first proposed by William Shockley

37°24′18″N 122°06′39″W / 37.4049544°N 122.1109664°W / 37.4049544; -122.1109664

## InfoBox

Shockley Transistor Corporation
|
|  |
| Formerly | Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory |
| Company type | Public |
| Industry | Semiconductors |
| Founded | 1955 (1955) |
| Founders | William Shockley |
| Defunct | 1968 |
| Fate | Acquired by Clevite |
| Headquarters | 391 San Antonio Road, Mountain View, California, United States |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Products | Four-layer diode |
| Number of employees | 9,000 |
| Parent | Beckman Instruments (1955–1960)
Clevite (1960-1968)
ITT (1968) |


title: Silver King Ranch

abstract: The Silver King Ranch is a historic ranch in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, U.S.. It includes meadows and two creeks: Landers Fork Creek and Indian Meadows Creek. There are also several buildings, including Owen Byrne Residence, a two-story log cabin whose construction was completed in 1914. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 10, 1992.

text:
# Silver King Ranch

The **Silver King Ranch** is a historic ranch in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, U.S.. It includes meadows and two creeks: Landers Fork Creek and Indian Meadows Creek. There are also several buildings, including Owen Byrne Residence, a two-story log cabin whose construction was completed in 1914. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 10, 1992.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Silver King Ranch | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Inside the house | |
|  | |
| Nearest city | Lincoln, Montana |
| Area | 120 acres (49 ha) |
| Built | 1900 (1900) |
| Architectural style | Rustic |
| NRHP reference No. | 92000114 |
| Added to NRHP | March 10, 1992 |


title: Domenico de' Marini (died 1676)

abstract: Domenico de' Marini was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Titular Archbishop of Teodosia (1669–1676).

text:
# Domenico de' Marini (died 1676)

**Domenico de' Marini** (died 27 April 1676) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Titular Archbishop of *Teodosia* (1669–1676).

## Biography

On 2 December 1669, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement IX as Titular Archbishop of *Teodosia*. On 18 May 1670, he was consecrated bishop by Pietro Vidoni, Cardinal-Priest of San Callisto, with Federico Baldeschi Colonna, Titular Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, and Francesco Maria Febei, Titular Archbishop of *Tarsus*, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Titular Archbishop of *Teodosia* until his death on 27 April 1676.

## Episcopal succession

While bishop, he was the principal co-consecrator of:

* Cheney, David M. "Teodosia (Titular See)". *Catholic-Hierarchy.org*. Retrieved June 16, 2018. (for Chronology of Bishops) \[*self-published*\]
* Chow, Gabriel. "Titular Episcopal See of Theodosiopolis in Arcadia (Egypt)". *GCatholic.org*. Retrieved June 16, 2018. (for Chronology of Bishops) \[*self-published*\]

## InfoBox

| Most Reverend
Domenico de' Marini | |
| --- | --- |
| Titular Archbishop of Teodosia | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| In office | 1669–1676 |
| Predecessor | Adrian Grodecki |
| Successor | Francesco de' Marini |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 18 May 1670
by Pietro Vidoni |
| Personal details | |
| Died | 27 April 1676 |


title: Delicate Flowers

abstract: Delicate Flowers is an American indie rock band from New Jersey.

text:
# Delicate Flowers

**Delicate Flowers** is an American indie rock band from New Jersey.

## History

Delicate Flowers is a four-piece indie rock and folk band from New Jersey, that formed in 2017. It consists of drummer Skylar Adler, bassist Frank DeFranco, guitarist and vocalist Eric Goldberg, and guitarist Donnie Law. Delicate Flowers began as a solo project by Goldberg, writing "songs that were almost more poems than songs." They draw comparison to the music of Conor Oberst, Sufjan Stevens, My Bloody Valentine and Silversun Pickups. Their first EP, the four-track *Delicate Flowers*, was released with Sniffling Indie Kids on 6 October 2015, and it contains a cover of "Jesus Doesn't Want Me for a Sunbeam." The lead single "Inherently a Drag" is about "not believing in anything and how that's a bummer but that at the same time, you can't really fool yourself." Speak Into My Good Eye describes the song as a "mature, world-weariness backed by atmospheric, jangly acoustic strums, echoed harmonies and a sense of hope springing up out of the uncertainty." The eight-track album, entitled *Happy Accidents*, was released on 15 April 2016. Goldberg plays every instrument on the album. Bob Makin in *Courier News* calls it "strip\[ped\] down to an indie folk root," adding that the song "Happy Accidents" "mines the kind of intelligent, witty, emotionally raw songwriting that has made Sufjan Stevens and the late Elliott Smith influences on many young artists."

Delicate Flowers performed at the North Jersey Indie Rock Festival on 23 September 2017. They also performed at the Secret Loft's Broken Records: Year One Anniversary! show, with LKFFCT, Shred Flintstone and Bueno, on 17 August 2018. The album *Die Progress Unit I* was released with Sniffling Indie Kids, on 2 November 2018, and the record release show was held that night at Stosh's in Fair Lawn, New Jersey, with LKFFCT, John Cozz and Toy Cars. The album is the first half of a two-part project that will culminate in the Spring of 2019. The opening track "Vessel" is described as "the finest moments of post-shoegaze and 90s grunge-pop\[;\] the song is simply impossible to ignore" by *Jersey Beat*.

## Discography

Albums EPs * *Delicate Flowers* (2015)

## Members

* Skylar Adler – drums
* Frank DeFranco – bass
* Eric Goldberg – guitar and vocals
* Donnie Law – guitar

Citations Bibliography  * Impose Staff (2018), "LKFFCT, Shred Flintstone, Delicate Flowers & Bueno played Secret Loft", *Impose*, retrieved 20 March 2019
* Makin, Bob (10 April 2016), "Delicate Flowers/"Happy Accidents"|All Sensory Void/"Cashing Transcendence"/Sniffling Indie Kids", *Courier News*, retrieved 20 March 2019
* Makin, Bob (1 November 2018), "Makin Waves Scene Report with Frankie & the Knockouts, Ellis Wilkinson, Eleanor Tallie, & More", *The Aquarian Weekly*, retrieved 20 March 2019
* Mehalick, Mike (5 October 2015), "Exclusive Premiere: Delicate Flowers Share Debut Single "Inherently A Drag"", *Speak Into My Good Eye*, retrieved 20 March 2019
* Pirate! Staff (2016), "Delicate Flowers - Happy Accidents", *Pirate!*, archived from the original on 21 March 2019, retrieved 20 March 2019
* Pirate! Staff (2018), "Delicate Flowers - Die Progress Unit I", *Pirate!*, retrieved 20 March 2019
* Quinlan, Rich (2018), "Delicate Flowers - Die Progress Unit I", *Jersey Beat*, archived from the original on 20 March 2019, retrieved 20 March 2019
* Shrum, Tony (2018), "Song Premiere: Delicate Flowers – "Vessel"", *New Noise*, retrieved 20 March 2019

## InfoBox

| Delicate Flowers | |
| --- | --- |
| Delicate Flowers at Stoshs, in 2018. | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | New Jersey, U.S. |
| Genres | Indie rock |
| Years active | 2017 (2017)–current |
| Labels | Sniffling Indie Kids |
|  | |
| Members | Skylar Adler
Frank DeFranco
Eric Goldberg
Donnie Law |


title: Canalul Morilor

abstract: The Canalul Morilor is a canal in the lowland area south of the river Crișul Alb in Arad County, western Romania. Constructed in the 19th century for water-mills, it is now used for irrigation. It takes water from the Crișul Alb near Berindia, flows more or less parallel to the Crișul Alb towards the west and discharges into the Crișul Alb in Vărșand. It is 92 km (57 mi) long. It passes through the communes Buteni, Bârsa, Bocsig, Ineu, Seleuș, Zărand, Olari, Chișineu-Criș, Socodor and Pilu. It intercepts several former left tributaries of the Crișul Alb, including Chișer, Rât and Budieru.

text:
# Canalul Morilor

The **Canalul Morilor** is a canal in the lowland area south of the river Crișul Alb in Arad County, western Romania. Constructed in the 19th century for water-mills, it is now used for irrigation. It takes water from the Crișul Alb near Berindia, flows more or less parallel to the Crișul Alb towards the west and discharges into the Crișul Alb in Vărșand. It is 92 km (57 mi) long. It passes through the communes Buteni, Bârsa, Bocsig, Ineu, Seleuș, Zărand, Olari, Chișineu-Criș, Socodor and Pilu. It intercepts several former left tributaries of the Crișul Alb, including Chișer, Rât and Budieru.

## InfoBox

| Canalul Morilor | |
| --- | --- |
| Specifications | |
| Length | 92 km (57 mi) |
| Geography | |
| Start point | Crișul Alb at Berindia, Romania |
| End point | Crișul Alb at Vărșand, Romania |
| Beginning coordinates | 46°18′50″N 22°08′44″E / 46.3139°N 22.1456°E / 46.3139; 22.1456 |
| Ending coordinates | 46°37′00″N 21°21′17″E / 46.6167°N 21.3546°E / 46.6167; 21.3546 |
|  | |


title: Larkin House

abstract: The Larkin House is a historic house at 464 Calle Principal in Monterey, California. Built in 1835 by Thomas O. Larkin, it is claimed to be the first two-story house in all of California, with a design combining Spanish Colonial building methods with New England architectural features to create the popular Monterey Colonial style of architecture. The Larkin House is both a National and a California Historical Landmark, and is a featured property of Monterey State Historic Park.

text:
# Larkin House

The **Larkin House** is a historic house at 464 Calle Principal in Monterey, California. Built in 1835 by Thomas O. Larkin, it is claimed to be the first two-story house in all of California, with a design combining Spanish Colonial building methods with New England architectural features to create the popular Monterey Colonial style of architecture. The Larkin House is both a National and a California Historical Landmark, and is a featured property of Monterey State Historic Park.

## Description

The Larkin House is located in the historic center of Monterey, California, at the southwest corner of Calle Principal and Jefferson Street. It is a two-story wood-frame structure, with walls of adobe and a low-pitch hip roof. Three of its four sides are covered by a two-story wood-frame flat-roof veranda. The post-and-beam framing is exposed in the interior, where there is also a fireplace and chimney.

The building was originally part of a large piece of property at Calle Principal in Monterey. It shares a parcel of land with the Sherman Quarters. In William T. Sherman's memoirs, he described the house as "the adobe back of Larkin's. The entrance is located in the gardens of the Larkin House."

## History

In 1832 Thomas O. Larkin, a native of Massachusetts, joined his half-brother John B. R. Cooper in business in California. Larkin became the most influential American in Monterey, then the capital of Alta California. He served as the only United States consul to Mexico in Monterey. Larkin sought to build a house more typical of his native New England, but local sawmills were unable to supply him with sufficient redwood for the purpose.

Larkin compromised by building a typical New England frame, but then finished its walls in whitewashed adobe. The construction using a wooden frame and mud bricks resulted in a leaner, sturdier adobe building than traditional adobe structures made primarily from mud and straw. The greater stability of Monterey buildingscompared to single-story adobesallowed for a large second-story and long covered porch. The covered second story porch also protected the adobe façade and walls of the house from water damage.

By adapting an east coast building form to available California materials, adobe and redwood, and to California architectural preferences, Larkin created a style that synthesized elements of two very different cultures, that of the Spanish and Mexican colonists and of the Americans moving into California.

The framing made it possible to significantly enlarge the window openings over traditional Spanish Colonial architecture, and the style of this house rapidly spread across California. The house is believed to be the first two-story house in California, and the first to have a chimney.

The Larkin House was designated as a California Historical Landmark in 1933. It then became a National Historic Landmark in 1960 and is part of the larger Monterey State Historic Park, which is itself designated a National Historic Landmark District.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Larkin House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. National Historic Landmark | |
| U.S. National Historic Landmark District<br>Contributing Property | |
| California Historical Landmark No. 106 | |
|  | |
| Larkin House | |
| Location in the Monterey Peninsula | |
| Location | 510 Calle Principal, Monterey, California |
| Coordinates | 36°35′53″N 121°53′42″W / 36.59806°N 121.89500°W / 36.59806; -121.89500 |
| Built | 1835 |
| Architect | Thomas O. Larkin |
| Architectural style | Monterey ColonialSpanish Colonial |
| Part of | Monterey Old Town Historic District (ID70000137) |
| NRHP reference No. | 66000215 |
| CHISL No. | 106 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | October 15, 1966 |
| Designated NHL | December 19, 1960 |
| Designated NHLDCP | April 15, 1970 |
| Designated CHISL | March 29, 1933 |


title: Shyampur High School

abstract: Shyampur High School, is located at Shyampur. It is 40 km (approximately) from Bankura and 5 km from Saltora.

text:
# Shyampur High School

**Shyampur High School**, is located at Shyampur. It is 40 km (approximately) from Bankura and 5 km from Saltora.

## History

Shyampur High School is one of the oldest schools in Bankura District under Saltora subdivision. It was established in 1949, 2 years after the Indian independence. Shyampur High School is the oldest school of Saltora block. It is a Government Bengali medium higher secondary School under WBCHSE. The school had hostel facilities, but it has been closed by the Government of West Bengal in 2016.

## Subjects

Subjects that Shyampur High School offers are:

### Language

### Science(V-X) subjects

### Arts subjects

## Classes

Classes are maintained according to West Bengal Government chart. Only on Government holidays the school discontinues classes.

## Programmes

A number of programmes are arranged by the school authority.

### List of annual programmes

| Programme | Type | Time | Year |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Annual Sports Day* | "Sports" | mid day | every year |
| "Teachers Day" | Sarbapalli Radhakrishnan's Birth day celebration | mid day | every year |
| Rabindra Jayanti |  |  |  |
| Swaraswati pujo | Cultural | Day | November–December |
| Independence Day |  | Day | 15 Aug (every year) |

## InfoBox

| Shyampur High School(H.S) | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
|  | |
| Near Saltora, at Shyampur, Bankura ,<br>Bankura - 722158, West Bengal, India | |
| Coordinates | 23°31′59.9″N 86°55′59.9″E / 23.533306°N 86.933306°E / 23.533306; 86.933306 |
| Information | |
| Type | Governmental |
| Established | 1949 |
| School board | West Bengal Board of Secondary Education |
| Headmaster | Suren Samaddar |
| Faculty | 28 (till 01.01.2013) |
| Number of students | 790 (approximate) |
| Language | Bengali |
| Campus | Rural |
| Affiliation | WBBSE |


title: Richard White (actor)

abstract: Richard White is an American actor and opera singer best known for voicing the character of Gaston in Disney's Beauty and the Beast. He also voiced the character in the early 2000s animated TV series House of Mouse and the 2023 works Lego Disney Princess: The Castle Quest, Disney Speedstorm, Once Upon a Studio, and Disney Dreamlight Valley.

text:
# Richard White (actor)

**Richard White** (born 1953) is an American actor and opera singer best known for voicing the character of Gaston in Disney's *Beauty and the Beast*. He also voiced the character in the early 2000s animated TV series *House of Mouse* and the 2023 works *Lego Disney Princess: The Castle Quest*, *Disney Speedstorm*, *Once Upon a Studio*, and *Disney Dreamlight Valley*.

## Career

White also played the character of Gaylord Ravenal in *Show Boat* at Paper Mill Playhouse and Robert Mission in *The New Moon*, at the New York City Opera. White also created the title role of Erik in the world premiere of Arthur Kopit and Maury Yeston's musical, *Phantom* and sings the role on the cast recording. White has performed on Broadway as Joey in *The Most Happy Fella* and has had roles in New York revivals of *Brigadoon*, *South Pacific*, and *Auntie Mame*. He was nominated for a 1985 Joseph Jefferson Award for Actor in a Principal Role in a Musical for "Carousel" at the Marriott Theatre in Chicago, Illinois. From 2012 to 2013, White starred as Sir Danvers Carew in the national tour and Broadway revival of *Jekyll & Hyde*.

## Filmography

### Actor

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1989 | *Great Performances* | Gaylord Ravenal / Robert Mission / Himself | Episodes: "The New Moon"
"Show Boat"
"An Evening with Alan Jay Lerner" |
| 1991 | *Beauty and the Beast* | Gaston (voice) |  |
| 1992 | *The 64th Annual Academy Awards* | Himself | (TV special) |
| 1993 | *Kill Zone* | Medic |  |
| 2001-2003 | *House of Mouse* | Gaston (voice) | Episodes: "Daisy's Debut"
"Clarabelle's Big Secret"
"The Mouse Who Came to Dinner"
"Humphrey in the House"
"Halloween with Hades" |
| 2016 | *King's Quest – Chapter III: Once Upon A Climb* | Whisper | video game |
| 2022 | *Beauty and the Beast: A 30th Celebration* | Baker | (TV special) |
| 2023 | *Lego Disney Princess: The Castle Quest* | Gaston (voice) | (TV special) |
| | *Disney Speedstorm* | | video game; credited under "Featuring the Voice Talents Of" |
| | *Once Upon a Studio* | | (Short film) |
| | *Disney Dreamlight Valley* | | video game (via *A Rift in Time* expansion); credited under "Featuring the Voice Talents Of" |

## Theatre work

### Broadway

### Off-Broadway

* 1980 – *Elizabeth and Essex* – Performer
* 1987 – *The Desert Song* – Pierre Birabeau/The Red Shadow

### Regional

## Soundtrack

| Year | Artist/Writer | Song | Film | Role |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1989 | Jerome Kern & Oscar Hammerstein II | "Where's the Mate for Me?"
"Make Believe"
"You Are Love"
"Act I Finale"
"Why Do I Love You?"
"Nun's Processional"
"Make Believe"
"You Are Love" | *Great Performances* | Gaylord Ravenal |
| 1991 | Howard Ashman & Alan Menken | "Belle"
"The Mob Song"
"Gaston"
"Gaston Reprise" | *Beauty and the Beast* | Gaston |

## InfoBox

| Richard White | |
| --- | --- |
| White at GalaxyCon Richmond in 2023 | |
| Born | 1953 (age 7071) |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation(s) | Actor, tenor opera singer vocalist |
| Years active | 1979–present |
| Notable work | Voice of Gaston in Disney's *Beauty and the Beast* (1991) |


title: Silver King Tournament

abstract: The Silver King Tournament was a professional golf tournament played at Moor Park Golf Club near Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire. The event was promoted by The Silvertown Company, manufacturer of the Silver King golf ball. It was held from 1936 to 1953. From 1954 Moor Park became the venue of the Spalding Tournament which had been played at Worthing Golf Club from 1949 to 1953. The Spalding Tournament was moved to April, replacing the Silver King Tournament as the season opening event.

text:
# Silver King Tournament

Moor Park Golf Clubclass=notpageimage|Location in England

The **Silver King Tournament** was a professional golf tournament played at Moor Park Golf Club near Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire. The event was promoted by The Silvertown Company, manufacturer of the Silver King golf ball. It was held from 1936 to 1953.

From 1954 Moor Park became the venue of the Spalding Tournament which had been played at Worthing Golf Club from 1949 to 1953. The Spalding Tournament was moved to April, replacing the Silver King Tournament as the season opening event.

## History

The 1936 tournament was played on 22–24 April. Both the High Course and the West Course were used on the first two days, each of the entrants playing one round on each course. The leading 60 made the cut and played 36 holes on the High Course on the final day. In the event of a tie for 60th place there was to be a 9-hole playoff on the West Course on the second evening. The total prize money was £1000. Arthur Lacey led after the first two days on 133, six strokes ahead of the field. 10 players tied on 150 for the last 6 places but it was decided to dispense with the playoff and allow all 64 players to make the cut. On the final morning Lacey, one of the early starters, took 75 and was tied with Alf Padgham, one of the late starters, after a 66. These two were three ahead of the rest. Lacey had another poor round in the afternoon, taking 76 and finishing on 284. He was later passed by Alf Perry on 283 who was then passed by Dick Burton on 282. Henry Cotton then took the lead with a score of 281 leaving Padgham needing 11 for the last three holes for victory. Padgham got a good 4 at the long 16th and followed up with a 4 at the 17th and 3 at the short 18th to win by a stroke.

The 1937 tournament was played on 21–23 April. The format was the same as used in 1936. Bob Kenyon led after the first two days on 138. 63 players scoring 152 and better made the cut. As in 1936 the half-way leader had a poor final day, Kenyon scoring 75 and 76 to drop down the field. Four players were tied on 211 after three rounds: Henry Cotton, Bill Cox, Arthur Lacey and Alf Perry with Paddy Mahon a shot behind. Cotton had a final round 68 which the other leaders couldn't match. Mahon got the closest but after taking 5 at the 16th he needed a hole-in-one at the last to tie. His tee shot finished 8 feet from the hole. He holed the putt to finish one behind Cotton but in second place on his own.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Country | Score | Margin
of victory | Runner(s)-up | Winner's
share (£) | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1936 | Alf Padgham | England | 280 | 1 stroke | Henry Cotton | 200 |  |
| 1937 | Henry Cotton | England | 279 | 1 stroke | Paddy Mahon | 200 |  |
| 1938 | Charles Whitcombe | England | 276 | 2 strokes | Alf Perry
Eddie Whitcombe | 200 |  |
| 1939 | Alf Padgham | England | 285 | Playoff
(36 holes) | Dick Burton | 200 |  |
| *1940–45: No tournament due to World War II* | | | | | | | |
| 1946 | Dai Rees | Wales | 288 | 7 strokes | Allan Dailey
Reg Horne
Charlie Ward | 350 |  |
| 1947 | Alf Padgham | England | 285 | 4 strokes | Sam King | 300 |  |
| 1948 | Jimmy Adams | Scotland | 283 | Tie |  | Shared 300
and 200 |  |
| | Charlie Ward | England | | | | | |
| 1949 | Dick Burton | England | 281 | 1 stroke | Charlie Ward | 300 |  |
| 1950 | John Panton | Scotland | 276 | 5 strokes | Ossie Pickworth | 300 |  |
| 1951 | Flory Van Donck | Belgium | 285 | 2 strokes | Jack Hargreaves
Wally Smithers | 300 |  |
| 1952 | Reg Horne | England | 276 | 1 stroke | Arthur Lees | 300 |  |
| 1953 | Flory Van Donck | Belgium | 274 | 6 strokes | Ken Bousfield
Bill Branch
John Pritchett | 300 |  |

## InfoBox

Silver King Tournament
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, England |
| Established | 1936 |
| Course(s) | Moor Park Golf Club |
| Month played | April |
| Final year | 1953 |
| Final champion | |
| Flory Van Donck | |


title: Dog-like cat

abstract: Dog-like cat is a term in popular culture that refers to specific breeds of domestic cats that have unusual behavioral tendencies that are reminiscent of young domestic dogs. These are within the scope of feline behavior, and may be enhanced through selective breeding. These behaviors, not specific to any breed, include following people around from room to room, the desire to receive frequent moments of physical affection such as being held and petted, a lack of aggression toward some fellow animals, and a placid nature. Certain owners may successfully attempt to train their cats to perform on command, such as via clicker training, akin to canines and other domesticated animals. While these attributes are found desirable for owners interacting with their cats, problems can occur when the felines are exposed to dogs and people who wish to harm them, with the cats possibly being too trusting and too friendly for their own good. Breeds known for these canine behaviors include the Abyssinian, Burmese, Maine Coon, Manx, and Ragdoll. However, dog-related behavior traits can appear regardless of breed.

text:
# Dog-like cat

**Dog-like cat** (also **canine-like cat**, **puppy cat**, **puppy-like cat**, and so on) is a term in popular culture that refers to specific breeds of domestic cats that have unusual behavioral tendencies that are reminiscent of young domestic dogs. These are within the scope of feline behavior, and may be enhanced through selective breeding. These behaviors, not specific to any breed, include following people around from room to room, the desire to receive frequent moments of physical affection such as being held and petted, a lack of aggression toward some fellow animals, and a placid nature. Certain owners may successfully attempt to train their cats to perform on command, such as via clicker training, akin to canines and other domesticated animals.

While these attributes are found desirable for owners interacting with their cats, problems can occur when the felines are exposed to dogs and people who wish to harm them, with the cats possibly being too trusting and too friendly for their own good. Breeds known for these canine behaviors include the Abyssinian, Burmese, Maine Coon, Manx, and Ragdoll. However, dog-related behavior traits can appear regardless of breed.

## Breeds

The cultural assumption that cats are distant from people and lack affection compared to dogs is a false assumption. Animals have individual characteristics based on their environment, particularly their past interactions with people. The nature of selective breeding for both canines and felines varies dramatically across different human cultures as well, with distinctive traits (such as fertility, lifespan, speed, etc.) receiving emphasis depending on the historical context.

The feline temperament is particularly malleable to a wide set of environmental factors, especially sudden stresses. For example, after dangerous floods in Canvey Island, cats showed behaviors of psychological shock akin to human struggles. Well-raised kittens frequently demonstrate affection towards humans and a pleasant, docile nature regardless of pedigree. These broad traits are not specific to any particular breed, as the upbringing of the animal is an important factor. Positive interaction with humans in the first few months of life is particularly vital.

Most feline pets in the United States are considered to be "domestic short-haired cats", a catch-all term for those with mixed or otherwise unclear ancestries but having related appearances. These types of felines are sometimes known as "moggies" in the United Kingdom. Several of those cats, or those of the standardized American Shorthair breed, will respond differently to others despite looking very similar, displaying dog-like or otherwise unexpected tendencies. Besides breed-based generalizations, a particular cat's behavior can be assessed by its restraint in using claws during play, its tendency to follow people, and its appreciation of close, frequent human contact.

### Abyssinian

Abyssinian cats are known for demanding attention and showing depression if left alone too often. The closeness to their owners causes some of them to respond positively to feline leash training. Unlike most cats, Abyssinians often show interest in water rather than a fear of it. A frequently active breed, Abyssinians will often climb upon their owners and perch upon their bodies to see. They also tend to welcome the company of friendly-minded dogs.

Veterinarian Joan O. Joshua has said the "dog-like attachment to the owners" of Abyssinians causes "greater dependence on human contacts". This stands in contrast to the mere "tolerant acceptance of human company" based on "comforts" that multiple other breeds display. With their interest in playing with their owners combined with their curious intelligence, Abyssinians are nicknamed the "Clowns of the Cat Kingdom."

### Burmese

The Burmese breed typically displays the dog-like attachment seen in Abyssinians. They both also share the combination of high intelligence and tendency to stay close that makes training them to be on a leash practical. The Burmese are persistently more vocal than other breeds, this leading VCA Animal Hospitals to state that the typical one "enjoys engaging in conversation". Their energetic nature also encourages play to an extent far more commonly associated with dogs.

### Maine Coon

Maine Coons are, according to Academy of Veterinary Nutrition Technicians President Kara Burns and Dr. Lori Renda-Francis, "often referred to as 'dog like'." This description is not only due to their large size and stature but also because of the cats' usually pleasant mannerisms plus their tendency to closely follow their owners and obey them. Maine Coon cats additionally are often trainable given their intelligence and affectionate nature. The felines have large and silky coats yet grooming is made easier given their desire to be frequently handled. According to the Cat Fanciers' Association, Maine Coons offer "hours of enjoyment with their antics but can at times be intrusive. Without question they want to be part of everything".

### Manx

The Manx breed displays behaviors akin to puppies, such as coming when their owners whistle or call their names. They are known for jumping and climbing about obstacles as well as burying things, even collecting and burying toys at times. Manx felines will also display strong affection generally. Dr. David Taylor, writer and founder of the International Zoo Veterinary Group, has said they are "positively dog-like".

### Ragdoll

Ragdolls are named for an earlier tendency of the breed to go limp when picked up, and their tendencies to rest in a doll-like, bent position. They usually display a calm, relaxed temperament, with the animals often seeking physical affection from owners and following owners around. They sometimes play games such as fetch.


title: Thalia Munro

abstract: Thalia Janina Ormbsy (Munro) is an American water polo player for the UCLA Bruins and the US National Team, who won the bronze medal at the 2004 Athens Olympics. Her position is utility/driver. She now is a 6th grade teacher. She married water polo player Brett Ormsby who participated for the United States men's national water polo team at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Thalia Munro

**Thalia Janina Ormbsy (Munro)** (born March 8, 1982, in Santa Barbara, California) is an American water polo player for the UCLA Bruins and the US National Team, who won the bronze medal at the 2004 Athens Olympics. Her position is utility/driver. She now is a 6th grade teacher.

She married water polo player Brett Ormsby who participated for the United States men's national water polo team at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

## High school and college

Ormbsy (Munro) varsity lettered four years at Santa Barbara High School in water polo, three years in swimming and two years in volleyball. She earned California Interscholastic Federation Division II Most Valuable Player in 1999 and 2000.

In her first two years at UCLA, Ormbsy (Munro) scored 40 goals, and led the team as a sophomore with 23 assists. For the 2003–2004 seasons, she redshirted to train with the US National team for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. Upon returning in 2005, she was named a first team American Water Polo Coaches Association All-American, as well as to the first All-NCAA Women's Water Polo Championship team. Ormbsy (Munro) led her UCLA Bruins team in field saves with 19 and was second both in steals with 69 and in goals with 53.

As a senior in 2006, she was third on the team in scoring with 35 goals and second on team in steals and assists. Ormbsy's (Munro) honors again included first team All-NCAA Tournament Team, once the third-seeded Bruins (29-4) won their second consecutive national title and fourth in the six years that the NCAA has sponsored a tournament. Ormbsy (Munro) amassed 128 goals in her four-year career as a utility player and was a member of three championship teams – 2003, 2005 and 2006 – finishing sixth among UCLA's all-time leaders for goals scored.

| Year | Goals | Attempts | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | 14 | 40 | 35 |
| 2002 | 26 | 50 | 52 |
| 2005 | 53 | 118 | 45 |
| 2006 | 35 | 62 | 55 |
| Totals | 128 | 270 |  |
|

## International and Olympics

Thalia Ormbsy (Munro) received 1998 Most Valuable Player at the Olympic Training Center in Colorado Springs with the National Youth Team. In 1999, she was named Junior Nationals First-Team All-American and Senior Nationals Second-Team All-American. Munro was chosen a member of the 2002–2004 U.S. Senior National Team and helped Team USA earn first place in 2003 Holiday Cup, 2003 Pan American Games and 2003 FINA World Championships. Scored one goal in the Olympics against Italy and won a bronze medal with USA team.

## Personal

* Ormbsy (Munro) is a psychology major at UCLA.

## InfoBox

Thalia Ormbsy (Munro)
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Thalia Janina Ormbsy (Munro) |
| Born | March 8, 1982 (1982-03-08) (age 42)<br>Santa Barbara, California, U.S. |
| Medal record      Women's water polo  Representing the  United States  Olympic Games  2004 Athens  Team competition  World Championships  2003 Barcelona  Team competition  2005 Montréal  Team competition | |


title: Vanessa Zamora

abstract: Vanessa Zamora Ramírez is a Mexican/American singer, songwriter, producer, known professionally as Vanessa Zamora. She speaks English and Spanish fluently. Zamora plays several instruments including acoustic guitar, piano, keyboard and drums.

text:
# Vanessa Zamora

**Vanessa Zamora Ramírez** (born July 22, 1991) is a Mexican/American singer, songwriter, producer, known professionally as Vanessa Zamora. She speaks English and Spanish fluently. Zamora plays several instruments including acoustic guitar, piano, keyboard and drums.

## Biography

Vanessa Zamora is a singer and songwriter of Mexican descent born in Tijuana, Baja California on July 22, 1991. Zamora is a daughter of parents who were pianists; since a very early age she showed interest in the classic arts; learning guitar, drums, acting, ballet and modeling. She started attending piano classes at 8 years old at Academia de Música de Mexico acquiring instruction in piano, at 9 years old she was instructed in guitar and drums. She continued with her music as a hobby until she was 18 years old, attending university at Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, at that time she publicly started showing her music; she began doing video covers of various artists uploading them on YouTube and other social networking sites; she was known for the habit of writing whatever she thought, lived or felt in notebooks which she described as "brain drain. In 2012 she concluded her first EP 'Correr', later in 2012 'No Sabes'. She graduated in communication sciences in 2013 as an honor student. In 2014 she presented her first album *Hasta la fantasía*. In 2015 she presented the single 'Control'.

## Discography

### Albums

* *DAMALEONA* (2023)
* *Tornaluna* (2018)
* *Hasta La Fantasía* (2014)

### Singles

* "Correr" (2012)
* "No sabes" (2012)
* "Te quiero olvidar" (2014)
* "Control" (2015)

## InfoBox

| Vanessa Zamora | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Vanessa Zamora Ramírez |
| Also known as | Damaleona |
| Born | (1991-07-22) July 22, 1991<br>Tijuana, México |
| Origin | Tijuana |
| Genres |  |
| Occupation(s) | Singer-songwriter, producer, performer |
| Instrument(s) | Guitar, piano, bass, drums |
| Years active | 2014 – present |
| Labels | Independent music |
|  | |
| Website | Official website |