title: Boxing at the 1986 Commonwealth Games

abstract: Final results for the Boxing competition at the 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland, from 24 July to 2 August.

text:
# Boxing at the 1986 Commonwealth Games

Final results for the **Boxing** competition at the **1986 Commonwealth Games** in Edinburgh, Scotland, from 24 July to 2 August.

## Light Flyweight (– 48 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Scott Olson | CAN |
|  | Mark Epton | ENG |
|  | Todd Johnston | NIR |
|  | Wilson Docherty | SCO |

## Flyweight (– 51 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | John Lyon | ENG |
|  | Leonard Makhanya | SWZ |
|  | Kerry Webber | WAL |
|  | Steve Beaupré | CAN |

## Bantamweight (– 54 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Sean Murphy | ENG |
|  | Roy Nash | NIR |
|  | Glen Brooks | SCO |
|  | John Sillitoe | JER |

## Featherweight (– 57 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Bill Downey | CAN |
|  | Peter English | ENG |
|  | Chris Carleton | NIR |
|  | Johnny Wallace | NZL |

## Lightweight (– 60 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Asif Dar | CAN |
|  | Neil Haddock | WAL |
|  | Lyton Mphande | MWI |
|  | Joey Jacobs | ENG |

## Light Welterweight (– 63.5 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Howard Grant | CAN |
|  | David Clencie | AUS |
|  | Brendan Lowe | NIR |
|  | Solomon Kondowe | MWI |

## Welterweight (– 67 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Darren Dyer | ENG |
|  | James McAllister | SCO |
|  | John Shaw | CAN |
|  | Damien Denny | NIR |

## Light Middleweight (– 71 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Danny Sherry | CAN |
|  | Rick Finch | AUS |
|  | Glynn Thomas | WAL |
|  | Alec Mullen | SCO |

## Middleweight (– 75 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Rod Douglas | ENG |
|  | Jeff Harding | AUS |
|  | Patrick Tinney | NIR |
|  | George Ferrie | SCO |

## Light Heavyweight (– 81 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Jim Moran | ENG |
|  | Harry Lawson | SCO |
|  | Brent Kosolofski | CAN |
|  | Byron Pullen | WAL |

## Heavyweight (– 91 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Jimmy Peau | NZL |
|  | Douglas Young | SCO |
|  | Dominic d'Amico | CAN |
|  | Eric Cardouza | ENG |

## Super Heavyweight (\> 91 kg)

| RANK | NAME ATHLETE | COUNTRY |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Lennox Lewis | CAN |
|  | Aneurin Evans | WAL |
|  | James Oyebola | ENG |

## InfoBox

| Boxing <br>at the 1986 Commonwealth Games | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Venue | Edinburgh |
| Dates | 24 July – 2 August 1986 |
|


title: Donja Barska

abstract: Donja Barska is a village in the municipality of Cazin, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text:
# Donja Barska

**Donja Barska** is a village in the municipality of Cazin, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 127.

Ethnicity in 2013
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bosniaks | 125 | 98.4% |
| other/undeclared | 2 | 1.6% |
| **Total** | **127** | **100%** |

## InfoBox

| Donja Barska | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Donja Barska | |
| Coordinates: 45°00′00″N 15°51′32″E / 45.00000°N 15.85889°E / 45.00000; 15.85889 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Canton | Una-Sana |
| Municipality | Cazin |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.69 sq mi (1.79 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 127 |
| Density | 180/sq mi (71/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Billbergia castelensis

abstract: Billbergia castelensis is a plant species in the genus Billbergia. This species is endemic to Brazil.

text:
# Billbergia castelensis

***Billbergia castelensis*** is a plant species in the genus *Billbergia*. This species is endemic to Brazil.

* Martinelli, Gustavo; Vieira, Cláudia Magalhães; Gonzalez, Marcos; Leitman, Paula; Piratininga, Andréa; Costa, Andrea Ferreira da; Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini (January 2008). "Bromeliaceae da Mata Atlântica Brasileira: lista de espécies, distribuição e conservação" \[Bromeliaceae of the brazilian Atlantic Forest: checklist, distribution and conservation\]. *Rodriguésia* (in Brazilian Portuguese). **59** (1): 209–258. doi:10.1590/2175-7860200859114. JSTOR 23499386.

## InfoBox

| *Billbergia castelensis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Bromeliaceae |
| Genus: | *Billbergia* |
| Subgenus: | *Billbergia subg. Billbergia* |
| Species: | ***B. castelensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Billbergia castelensis***<br>E.Pereira | |
|


title: Eleanor Singer

abstract: Eleanor Singer was an Austrian-born American expert on survey methodology. She edited Public Opinion Quarterly from 1975 to 1986, and with several co-authors wrote the textbook Survey Methodology. From 1987 to 1989 she was president of the American Association for Public Opinion Research.

text:
# Eleanor Singer

**Eleanor Singer** (March 4, 1930 – June 3, 2017) was an Austrian-born American expert on survey methodology. She edited *Public Opinion Quarterly* from 1975 to 1986, and with several co-authors wrote the textbook *Survey Methodology*. From 1987 to 1989 she was president of the American Association for Public Opinion Research.

## Education and career

Singer was born in Vienna. In 1938, a relative in New York helped her family escape the Nazis by moving to the US, and she grew up in Astoria, Queens. She did her undergraduate studies at Queens College, City University of New York, completing a bachelor's degree in English in 1951 as the top student in her class. It was at this time that she met her husband, Alan Singer.

Singer became an editor of books, for various publishers, and started focusing in books on social science. She entered graduate study at Columbia University in 1959, studying sociology there, and completed her Ph.D. in 1966, with a dissertation on *Birth Order, Educational Aspirations, and Educational Attainment* supervised by Herbert H. Hyman.

For approximately the next 30 years, Singer continued to work at Columbia as a researcher. She joined the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research in 1994. She retired in 2006, but remained active as a researcher until close to her death.

## Contributions

Some of Singer's early research surveyed patient satisfaction with drug treatments. When the National Research Act of 1974 created strict new requirements for human subjects research, Singer conducted a survey of experimental subjects' experiences that made her "the preeminent survey expert on confidentiality and informed consent". In the 1980s, her research concerned the ways that the media reported on social science research and on risk. After she moved to Michigan, she shifted focus again, primarily concentrating on survey methodology.

## Awards and honors

In 1996, Singer won the lifetime achievement award of the American Association for Public Opinion Research. She was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 2008, and in 2016 she won the Monroe G. Sirken Award in Interdisciplinary Survey Methods Research for "significant contributions in our understanding of survey participation, sources of nonresponse bias, and factors affecting survey responses; for pioneering research on the use and effects of incentives; and for leadership in developing awareness and understanding of ethical issues in survey research."


title: John Roberts (footballer, born 1956)

abstract: John Roberts is a former Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was the club's leading goal kicker in 1980 and 1981. Roberts holds the record for the most goals kicked in a game at Football Park in Adelaide when he kicked 16 goals in a game for Woodville in the 1977 SANFL season. He later went on to play full forward for North Adelaide in their 1987 SANFL Grand Final win over Glenelg at Football Park. He also won the Ken Farmer Medal as the SANFL's leading goal kicker in 1987 with 111 goals.

text:
# John Roberts (footballer, born 1956)

**John Roberts** (born 23 September 1956) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was the club's leading goal kicker in 1980 and 1981.

Roberts holds the record for the most goals kicked in a game at Football Park in Adelaide when he kicked 16 goals in a game for Woodville in the 1977 SANFL season. He later went on to play full forward for North Adelaide in their 1987 SANFL Grand Final win over Glenelg at Football Park. He also won the Ken Farmer Medal as the SANFL's leading goal kicker in 1987 with 111 goals.

1. Walsh, Scott. "The day John Roberts created history with a sweet 16-goal haul for Woodville at Football Park". *www.adelaidenow.com.au*. Retrieved 15 March 2019.

## InfoBox

| John Roberts | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1956-09-23) 23 September 1956 | | |
| Height | 186 cm (6 ft 1 in) | | |
| Weight | 87 kg (192 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1974–1979, 1983 | Woodville (SANFL) | 120 |
| 1980–1982 | South Melbourne/Sydney (VFL) | 050 (135) |
| 1984-86 | West Torrens (SANFL) | 058 |
| 1987–1988 | North Adelaide (SANFL) | 053 (210) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1988. | | | |
| Career highlights | | | |
|  | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Conscience clause (education)

abstract: The conscience clause was an important term in education in England throughout much of the 19th century. In this context, it referred to permitting parents of schoolchildren to withdraw them from Church of England worship services or other school activities that violated the parents' religious principles.

text:
# Conscience clause (education)

The **conscience clause** was an important term in education in England throughout much of the 19th century. In this context, it referred to permitting parents of schoolchildren to withdraw them from Church of England worship services or other school activities that violated the parents' religious principles.

## Overview

The conscience clause is part of the Elementary Education Act 1870 (33 & 34 Vict. c. 75), which established the neutrality and indifference of the state regarding religious instruction. It was introduced and applied to all State-aided schools to protect the religious liberties of minorities, who were viewed as religious dissidents. The law, which was not applicable to Scotland and Ireland stated that "no religious catechism or religious formularity which is distinctive of any particular denomination shall be taught in the school." The conscience clause did not exempt students from Saturday classes or any other day when their religious creed require attendance. d and that it is composed of diverse interests and influences so it is not bound by the principles of the Church.

Objections to the introduction of the "conscience clause" included those made by the Church of Missionary Society, a section of the Church of England, arguing that this rule will force them to close their schools. Critics refer to it as a "secular intrusion", claiming that it turns education into mere instruction.

## Usage

In Scotland, a similar law was passed in 1872. The inclusion of the conscientious clause was a result of a series of public discussions that resulted in the adoption of Bible instruction in primary education while respecting the conscientious objections of parents and guardians.

Similar policy was adopted in some British colonies such as the Leeward Islands, which introduced its own Education Act in 1890. This law reinforced governmental participation in governance of schools that receive public funding but also allowed learners invoking the conscience clause without suffering discrimination in their lessons.

In India, the term became the subject of debate in 1882 after it was raised by a Commission led by K.T. Telang, which recommended that private schools that receive grants from the government adopt it. It was only on 1904 when the conscientious clause was first applied in Travancore.

## Further reading

* Hubbard, John Gellibrand; Trevor, George (1866). *The Conscience Clause in 1866*. London: Joseph Masters.
* Oakley, John (1866). *"The Conscience Clause": its history*. London: William Ridgway.
* Bickersteth, Edward (1867). *The conscience clause: a letter to His Grace the Duke of Marlborough*. London: Rivingtons.

1. Nayar, Pramod K. (2019). *Colonial Education and India 1781-1945*. Routledge. pp. Oxon. ISBN 9781351212021.
2. Vaughan, Herbert (1868). *Popular Education in England: the Conscience Clause, the Rating Clause, etc. \[Reprinted from the Dublin Review, with additions.\]* London: Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 31.
3. Wilson, John P. (2013). *The Routledge Encyclopaedia of UK Education, Training and Employment: From the earliest statutes to the present day*. Oxon: Routledge. p. 81. ISBN 9780415558228.
4. Henriques, Henry Straus Quixano (2006). *Jewish Marriages and the English Law*. Clark, NJ: The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 215. ISBN 9781584776451.
5. Connell, W. F. (2002). *The Educational Thought and Influence of Matthew Arnold*. Oxon: Routledge. p. 47. ISBN 0415178339.
6. Bereday, George Z. F.; Lauwerys, Joseph A. (2018-10-24). *World Yearbook of Education 1966: Church and State in Education*. Routledge. ISBN 9781136168628.
7. Stevenson, John (2012). *Fulfilling a Vision: The Contribution of the Church of Scotland to School Education, 1772–1872*. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 139. ISBN 978-1-61097-344-1.
8. Fergus, Howard A. (2003). *A History of Education in the British Leeward Islands, 1838-1945*. Kingston, Jamaica: University of the West Indies Press. pp. 41–42. ISBN 976-640-131-4.
9. Chatterjee, N. (2011). *The Making of Indian Secularism: Empire, Law and Christianity, 1830-1960*. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 41. ISBN 978-0-230-22005-8.


title: Slovak Telekom

abstract: Slovak Telekom is the convergent telco provider with the largest internet, fixed-line, digital TV, ICT and mobile services portfolio. The company is wholly owned subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom AG. The Slovak Telekom Group consists of the parent company Slovak Telekom a.s. and its subsidiaries Zoznam s.r.o., Zoznam Mobile s.r.o., Telekom Sec s.r.o., PosAm s.r.o., and DIGI SLOVAKIA s.r.o.

text:
# Slovak Telekom

**Slovak Telekom** is the convergent telco provider with the largest internet, fixed-line, digital TV, ICT and mobile services portfolio. The company is wholly owned subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom AG.

The Slovak Telekom Group consists of the parent company Slovak Telekom a.s. and its subsidiaries Zoznam s.r.o., Zoznam Mobile s.r.o., Telekom Sec s.r.o., PosAm s.r.o., and DIGI SLOVAKIA s.r.o.

## History

Until 1 July 2010, T-Mobile Slovensko was a mobile operator and a separate company owned by Slovak Telekom. After this date, T-Mobile was merged with the parent company Slovak Telekom.

Until 2 May 2005, T-Mobile Slovensko operated under the name EuroTel Bratislava.

## Services

As of April 2018, Slovak Telekom covers 93% of Slovak population with 4G mobile network, introduced LTE-A technology to various towns in Slovakia, with speeds up to 375 Mbit/s. It also introduced VoLTE (Voice over LTE) technology that allows calls directly in 4G, without need to switch to 3G and 2G.

Digital television service of Slovak Telekom, Magio TV, reached 600,000 customers in Q1 2018. The company also branched out to a new line of products for connected home and internet of things (IoT) and introduced a Magenta SmartHome brand.

Slovak Telekom had four strategic priorities in 2017: innovations, the best connectivity, superior user experience and digital television.

**Technologies:** GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA, LTE-A, VoLTE, Flash-OFDM, VDSL, FTTH

**Prefixes:** +421901; +421902, +421903, +421904, +421910, +421911, +421912, +421914

## Corporate Responsibility

Slovak Telekom promotes the value of social inclusiveness and empathy within the company and in public, through a long-term support for the Slovak community of people with hearing impairment: supporting their entrepreneurship skills, better education of children through a program of visiting personal tutors, and by providing services of online interpreters.

## Communication

Since 2018, the new public face of the company in advertising campaigns is Bekim, a Slovak comedian and rapper, who started to use a wheelchair after he suffered an accident during a bicycle motocross competition in 2005. Bekim follows Peter Sagan, a famous Slovak professional road bicycle racer, who represented Slovak Telekom before him. The company's slogan is “**ÁNO**” (“YES”) symbolizing a yell of an inventor who shouts “Yes” after coming up with some new technology. It also represents a defiant call that “Nothing is impossible”, “I say yes to a challenge” and “I will make it”.

1. "Slovak Telekom Annual Report 2017 in Slovak – Slovak Telekom Ročná Správa 2017," (PDF).
2. "NEWS: Telekom pokrýva LTE sieťou už 93% populácie Slovenska, expanduje aj s LTE-A a VoLTE - Telekom". *www.telekom.sk*. Retrieved 2018-06-20.

## InfoBox

Slovak Telekom
|
|  |
|
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| Industry | Communications Services |
| Headquarters | Bratislava, Slovakia |
| Area served | Slovakia |
| Revenue | 767,242,000 Euro (2018) |
| Net income | 106,300,000 Euro (2018) |
| Number of employees | 2,999 (2018) |
| Parent | Deutsche Telekom |
| Website | www.telekom.sk |


title: Eastern Sabah Security Zone

abstract: The Eastern Sabah Security Zone (ESSZONE) is a security zone in the Malaysian state of Sabah that was launched by Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak on 25 March 2013 following persistent attacks by pirates and militants from the southern Philippines that occurred in the eastern part of Sabah especially after the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff. It includes the districts of Kudat, Kota Marudu, Pitas, Beluran, Sandakan, Kinabatangan, Lahad Datu, Kunak, Semporna and Tawau, which is neighbouring to the Philippines. The Eastern Sabah Security Command (ESSCOM) is the main enforcement authority for ESSZONE, chaired by Datuk Seri Musa Aman. The Malaysian Government has embarked on a programme to significantly upgrade the land, sea and air defence capabilities of the Malaysian Armed Forces in ESSZONE.

text:
# Eastern Sabah Security Zone

The **Eastern Sabah Security Zone** (**ESSZONE**) is a security zone in the Malaysian state of Sabah that was launched by Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak on 25 March 2013 following persistent attacks by pirates and militants from the southern Philippines that occurred in the eastern part of Sabah especially after the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff. It includes the districts of Kudat, Kota Marudu, Pitas, Beluran, Sandakan, Kinabatangan, Lahad Datu, Kunak, Semporna and Tawau (including Kalabakan), which is neighbouring to the Philippines.

The Eastern Sabah Security Command (ESSCOM) is the main enforcement authority for ESSZONE, chaired by Datuk Seri Musa Aman. The Malaysian Government has embarked on a programme to significantly upgrade the land, sea and air defence capabilities of the Malaysian Armed Forces in ESSZONE.

## Scope of works

### Land

**Police Force and Stations:** Seven police stations will be established in the zone and five battalions of security forces with a General Operations Force (GOF) brigade will also be placed. The government has also approved an initial allocation of RM200 million to build infrastructure.

**Infantry and New Base Camps:** In October 2014, the Malaysian Government announced that ESSCOM will be given a budget allocation of RM660 million (USD200 million). Amongst other things, this will fund the addition of one battalion of the General Operations Force (GOF) and one battalion of the army with 1,280 personnel and the construction of two new base camps: the GOF 20th Battalion Camp in Beluran and the Malaysian Armed Forces Camp in Lahad Datu.

**Mechanised Infantry:** 18 ACV-300 Adnan infantry fighting vehicle have been deployed in Kota Belud and 12 AV8 Gempita armoured fighting vehicle are in Tawau. There are also AV4 Lipanbara armoured personnel carrier stationed in Sabah. Up to 24 M109 howitzer (Paladin) are expected to be sent to Sabah, after a recent agreement with the United States to acquire 30 units of these self-propelled howitzers but this plan has been cancelled.

### Sea

PASKAL operatives are stationed at Lahad Datu.PGK operators are stationed at forward operating bases in Mabul Island, Semporna and Banggi Island, Kudat.

**Mobile Seabases:** There are currently 2 mobile sea bases:

1. The Bunga Mas Lima, which is an auxiliary support ship, has a crew of 70 and is equipped with interceptor boats and a helipad capable of handling large helicopters like the Eurocopter EC725. A PASKAL quick reaction force team is stationed on this ship
2. The Tun Azizan, a auxiliary vessel (named in honour of the late Tun Azizan Zainul Abidin, former President of Petronas) which was converted into a sea base ship. It has a crew of 99 and is equipped with accommodation facilities, an operations and communication room, air conditioning, fresh water system and military equipment. The Tun Azizan is placed five nautical miles from the Southern Philippines to intercept, with its quick reaction forces, criminals attempting to escape to the Philippines.

**Permanent Seabase:** A decommissioned oil rig has been retrofitted into a permanent sea base, which is named after the late Tun Sharifah Rodziah, third wife of the late Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj, the first Prime Minister of Malaysia.

**Island Forward Operating Bases:** Two island forward operating bases are being set up in Pulau Mabul, Semporna and Pulau Banggi, Kudat. Costing RM25 million each, both bases will host quick reaction forces comprising 69 Commandos and UTK special operations force.

**Patrol Boats:** Thirty new bullet-proof Rigid Hull Fender Boats, costing approximately RM50 million in total, have been in service in ESSZONE since mid-2014. These boats are equipped with advanced specifications and high-end systems, such as forward looking infra red (FLIR) night vision capabilities. The marine police force will acquire a total of 200 boats in stages, with 100 already in service or on order as at September 2015.

### Air

**Lahad Datu Airport:** To provide better air logistical, surveillance and attack capabilities, the runway at the Lahad Datu airport will be upgraded to enable high-capacity aircraft to land. In addition, RM90 million helicopter forward operating base will be built which will have a shelter and apron capable of accommodating 6 helicopters. It will also serve as a transit and operational centre to support the armed forces in their operations, particularly those involving helicopters.

**Hawk Fighters:** Five Hawk fighter jets have been based in Labuan.

**Attack Helicopters:** Six armed scout attack helicopters, the MD-530G, will be delivered between Sept 2016 to March 2017. The Malaysian Army's Air Corp will be the launch customer of these new helicopters, which have a top speed of 240 km/h and will be installed with advanced avionics, forward looking infrared sensor, guided and unguided rockets, and inboard .50 caliber machine guns.

Four S-70A Blackhawk helicopters will be transferred from the Royal Brunei Air Force to the Malaysian Armed Forces in November 2016, which Malaysia will update and weaponise before deploying to ESSZONE.

**Gatling Guns:** 10 sets of M134D Hybrid Gatling Machine Guns will be purchased to arm helicopters. In a January 2015 media statement, the Malaysian Defence Minister announced that five S-61A-4 Nuri helicopters have been fitted with Gatling guns and five Eurocopter EC725 were being fitted with FNMAG 58 7.62 mm general purpose machine guns.

### Others

**Coastal Surveillance Systems (CSS)** \- A network of 13 radar coastal surveillance systems is being installed from Pulau Banggi to Tawau, with 8 already in operation. This network is controlled from the Armed Forces' joint base in Tawau. Five state-of-the-art Airbus SPEXER 2000 Coastal radars, with an instrumented range of approximately 250 km, will be installed in 2016. These sophisticated radars are able to track very small and slowly moving objects such as swimmers and also fast objects such as speed boats.

**Aerostats** \- Floating balloon aerostats surveillance systems will be acquired to provide ESSZONE forces with 24/7 maritime domain awareness capability. Equipped with radar and Electro-Optical Infrared (EOIR) day/night cameras, these aerostats will enable the security forces to more quickly detect the small wooden boats used by criminals to travel into Sabah from the Southern Philippines.


title: Daewoo Gentra

abstract: The Daewoo Gentra is an automotive nameplate used by the South Korean automobile brand Daewoo. The marque has utilized the "Gentra" name on two different vehicles—a subcompact model sold in South Korea between 2005 and 2011—and a compact car offered in Uzbekistan by Uz-Daewoo Auto since 2013. The Uzbekistani car was renamed Ravon Gentra in 2015.

text:
# Daewoo Gentra

The **Daewoo Gentra** is an automotive nameplate used by the South Korean automobile brand Daewoo. The marque has utilized the "Gentra" name on two different vehicles—a subcompact model sold in South Korea between 2005 and 2011—and a compact car offered in Uzbekistan by Uz-Daewoo Auto since 2013. The Uzbekistani car was renamed **Ravon Gentra** in 2015.

## South Korea (2005 - 2011)

The Daewoo Gentra is a subcompact car originally produced by the South Korean manufacturer GM Daewoo between 2005 and 2011. The nameplate was applied to the facelifted version of the Daewoo Kalos sedan (with the Daewoo Gentra X nameplate applied to the facelifted hatchback) and was used only in South Korea and Vietnam, in the rest of the world the model being prominently marketed as the Chevrolet Aveo.

## Uzbekistan (2013 – 2015)

The nameplate has also been used by the Uzbekistan-based manufacturer Uz-DaewooAuto between the middle of 2013 and late 2015 for a version of the first generation of the Daewoo Lacetti, marketed throughout the CIS states. Uzbekistan-made Daewoo Gentras are fitted with a 1.5-liter engine capable of 107 hp (80 kW) paired with a five-speed manual or six-speed automatic transmission.

In October 2015, the Uz-Daewoo brand was replaced with the Ravon brand, thus the model became the Ravon Gentra.


title: Rutland, North Dakota

abstract: Rutland is a city in Sargent County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 163 at the 2020 census. Rutland was founded in 1887.

text:
# Rutland, North Dakota

**Rutland** is a city in Sargent County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 163 at the 2020 census. Rutland was founded in 1887.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.38 square miles (0.98 km2), all land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1910 | 224 |  |  |
| 1920 | 291 |  | 29.9% |
| 1930 | 264 |  | −9.3% |
| 1940 | 305 |  | 15.5% |
| 1950 | 309 |  | 1.3% |
| 1960 | 308 |  | −0.3% |
| 1970 | 225 |  | −26.9% |
| 1980 | 250 |  | 11.1% |
| 1990 | 212 |  | −15.2% |
| 2000 | 220 |  | 3.8% |
| 2010 | 163 |  | −25.9% |
| 2020 | 163 |  | 0.0% |
| 2022 (est.) | 162 |  | −0.6% |
| U.S. Decennial Census
2020 Census | | | |

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 163 people, 84 households, and 46 families residing in the city. The population density was 428.9 inhabitants per square mile (165.6/km2). There were 98 housing units at an average density of 257.9 per square mile (99.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.5% White, 1.2% Native American, 0.6% Asian, and 0.6% from two or more races.

There were 84 households, of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.6% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.2% were non-families. 45.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.94 and the average family size was 2.70.

The median age in the city was 48.5 years. 20.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.5% were from 25 to 44; 33.8% were from 45 to 64; and 20.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 55.2% male and 44.8% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 220 people, 91 households, and 53 families residing in the city. The population density was 581.3 inhabitants per square mile (224.4/km2). There were 102 housing units at an average density of 269.5 per square mile (104.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.27% White, 1.36% Native American, 0.45% Asian, and 0.91% from two or more races.

There were 91 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 3.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.7% were non-families. 39.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 24.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 33.6% under the age of 18, 2.7% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 126.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,786, and the median income for a family was $34,167. Males had a median income of $29,375 versus $17,321 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,064. About 7.1% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 38.6% of those 65 or over.

## Additional images

## InfoBox

| Rutland, North Dakota | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
|  | |
| Motto: "Pride of the Prairie" | |
| Location of Rutland, North Dakota | |
| Coordinates: 46°03′16″N 97°30′24″W / 46.05444°N 97.50667°W / 46.05444; -97.50667 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | North Dakota |
| County | Sargent |
| Founded | 1887 |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.39 sq mi (1.00 km2) |
| Land | 0.39 sq mi (1.00 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,224 ft (373 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 163 |
| Estimate (2022) | 162 |
| Density | 421.19/sq mi (162.55/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 58067 |
| Area code | 701 |
| FIPS code | 38-69340 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1036249 |


title: Pristimantis yaviensis

abstract: Pristimantis yaviensis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Venezuela and known from its type locality, the summit of Cerro Yaví, a sandstone table-top mountain (tepui), and from Cerro Yutajé, both in the Amazonas State. The specific name yaviensis refers to the type locality.

text:
# Pristimantis yaviensis

class=notpageimage|Cerro Yaví, the type locality

***Pristimantis yaviensis*** is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Venezuela and known from its type locality, the summit of Cerro Yaví (2,150 m (7,050 ft) above sea level), a sandstone table-top mountain (tepui), and from Cerro Yutajé (1,700 m (5,600 ft) above sea level), both in the Amazonas State. The specific name *yaviensis* refers to the type locality.

## Description

Males measure 18–21 mm (0.71–0.83 in) and females 24–30 mm (0.94–1.18 in) in snout–vent length. The coloration is variable; the dorsal ground color is light or dark brown, grayish brown, or orangish brown. Dorsal color patterns include dark chevrons, longitudinal dark lines, and sharply bicolor middorsum from the sides. The ventral surfaces are grayish, sometimes pale grayish yellow. The dorsal skin is finely granular to nearly smooth with scattered warts; ventral skin is areolate. The tympanum is absent. The snout is rounded, sometimes truncate in lateral profile. The upper eyelids have small flat tubercles. The fingers lack webbing but the toes have basal webbing; both fingers and toes have broad discs.

## Habitat and conservation

It has mostly been collected on vegetation in montane tepui forest or under rock slabs, although one specimen was observed in open, scrubby thicket about 1.5 m above ground. It the most common *Pristimantis* species on Cerro Yaví. No threats to this species are known.

## InfoBox

| *Pristimantis yaviensis* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Strabomantidae |
| Genus: | *Pristimantis* |
| Species: | ***P. yaviensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pristimantis yaviensis***
(Myers and Donnelly, 1996) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eleutherodactylus yaviensis* Myers and Donnelly, 1996 | |


title: Philipp Schwartz

abstract: Philipp Schwartz was a Hungarian-born neuropathologist. In the interwar period he was a professor in Frankfurt, Germany. He became a major figure in the community of German émigré scientists after 1933 and founded the Emergency Association of German Scientists Abroad.

text:
# Philipp Schwartz

**Philipp Schwartz** (19 July 1894 – 1 December 1977) was a Hungarian-born neuropathologist. In the interwar period he was a professor in Frankfurt, Germany. He became a major figure in the community of German émigré scientists after 1933 and founded the Emergency Association of German Scientists Abroad.

## Early career

Schwartz was born on 19 July 1894 in Versec. He studied medicine in Budapest and earned his doctorate there in 1919. In the same year, he became an assistant of Bernhard Fischer at the Senckenberg Institute of Pathology at the University of Frankfurt, where he worked for the next 14 years. He earned his Habilitation in 1923, became an associate professor in 1926 and a full professor in 1927.

## Life in exile

Following the Nazi takeover in Germany in 1933 he was dismissed from his university chair for being Jewish, and he emigrated to Zürich, Switzerland, where he founded the Emergency Association of German Scientists Abroad to help other refugees find new employment. He notably established contacts with Turkish universities. Together with Albert Malche, Schwartz convinced the Turkish government to offer a significant number of persecuted German professors employment in Turkey. Finally, contracts of up to five years were signed. Over time around 150 academics immigrated to Turkey. Most of them were from the economic, finance, legal or medical fields, while social sciences played a less important role. He later became director of the Department of Pathology at the University of Istanbul.

From 1953 he worked as a pathologist at the Warren State Hospital in Pennsylvania and chaired a research department there. In 1957 he was formally reinstated as a Professor (emeritus) at the Goethe University, but the university declined his wish to resume teaching due to his age.

## Family

His daughter is the Zürich psychiatrist Susan Ferenz-Schwartz. He is interred at the Fluntern Cemetery in Zürich.

## InfoBox

| Philipp Schwartz | |
| --- | --- |
| Schwartz in 1960 | |
| Born | (1894-07-19)19 July 1894
Versec, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | 1 December 1977(1977-12-01) (aged 83)
Fort Lauderdale, U.S. |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Pathology |
| Institutions |  |
|  | |


title: Robert Orben

abstract: Robert Orben was an American professional comedy writer and magician. He wrote multiple books on comedy, mostly collections of gags and "one-liners" originally written for his newsletter, Orben's Current Comedy, and also wrote books for magicians. Later, Orben moved into politics, and in 1973 he became head speechwriter to Vice President Gerald R. Ford. Orben died at a nursing home in Alexandria, Virginia, on February 2, 2023, at the age of 95.

text:
# Robert Orben

**Robert Orben** (March 4, 1927 – February 2, 2023) was an American professional comedy writer and magician. He wrote multiple books on comedy, mostly collections of gags and "one-liners" originally written for his newsletter, *Orben's Current Comedy*, and also wrote books for magicians. Later, Orben moved into politics, and in 1973 he became head speechwriter to Vice President Gerald R. Ford.

Orben died at a nursing home in Alexandria, Virginia, on February 2, 2023, at the age of 95.

## InfoBox

| Robert Orben | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1927-03-04)March 4, 1927
New York City, U.S. |
| Died | February 2, 2023(2023-02-02) (aged 95)
Alexandria, Virginia, U.S. |
| Medium | Books |
| Nationality | American |
| Years active | 1946–2023 |
| Genres | Observational comedy |
| Subject(s) | American culture |


title: Oak Hill Cemetery (Evansville, Indiana)

abstract: Oak Hill Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery located at Evansville, Indiana. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

text:
# Oak Hill Cemetery (Evansville, Indiana)

**Oak Hill Cemetery** is a historic rural cemetery located at Evansville, Indiana. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

## History

Oak Hill Cemetery traces its roots to 12 August 1850, when the Evansville City Council appointed a committee to search for a new cemetery to replace the first public burying grounds located on the southeast edge of town at Mulberry and Fifth Streets. Within two years they selected a plot of land, then known as "Lost Hill," which was 56-acres of undeveloped land about a mile and half from the then city limits. By February 1853 lots were offered for sale.

By February 1853 lots were offered for sale and the cemetery saw its first burial, Ellen Johnson who died at age 2 on 18 February 1853, just 10 days after the City Council selected “Oak Hill” as the site's official name. Burials from the city's previous cemetery. Later land purchases (up until 1924) gave the Cemetery its present acreage.

The current appearance of the cemetery landscape — particularly its plantings – was primarily nurtured over an 80-year period (1853–1932) during the tenure of two superintendents. For the first four decades of the cemetery's existence (1853–1897), the beautification of the grounds was the responsibility of John S. Goodge. In his obituary (June 1897), he was credited with the "work of making the beautiful place the Oak Hill now is." Some of the more mature plantings are very likely the result of Goodge's endeavors. His successor, William Halbrook (1898–1932), brought to his position his knowledge and experience gained as a florist, and a large portion of Oak Hill's verdancy was the result of his handiwork. Since 1932, some planting has occurred, but not on the scale of the preceding 80 years.

## Design and landscape

The cemetery includes the French Renaissance style Administration Building (1899, 1917, 1999); Entry Gate (1901); and classical revival style Receiving Vault (1911) designed by Clifford Shopbell of Harris & Shopbell. The cemetery has a number of notable landscape features in keeping with the 19th century rural cemetery movement including a variety of tree species.

Bordering the site on its western side is Highway 41; on other sides are low-scale, modern-era residential and commercial neighborhoods. In spite of this encroachment, the cemetery has preserved its original pastoral tranquility. The site selected for the cemetery was, according to a contemporary newspaper account, a “hillock, a wilderness of underbrush and briars, and called at that with a mantle of loess, underlain by sandstone." A 1927 topographical map showing the cemetery tract depicted the land of the original 1852 purchase as gradually ascending on the south from the floodplain level of 390 feet to a height of 430 feet. On the north end, there was a sharp drop-off. In profile, as viewed particularly from the east, the contour of the hill looked like the back of a two-humped Bactrian camel with a central Erosional vale. The early burials took place on the southern slope, close to the ridge. Today, interment sites not only blanket the entire prominence, but also cover the flat lands at the foot of the hill on three sides. Although the Cemetery comprises 175 acres, less than 120 have been platted and made available for interments. A tract of about 55 acres across the northern part of the Cemetery bordering Morgan Avenue has been farm-leased.

An intricate tracery of crossing and curving pathways (now asphalted, one-lane drives) formed a lacy network which conjoined with the site's hill and vale topography and natural arborous properties created a picturesque setting for "the sleeping place of our dead," as one 19th century journalist characterized Oak Hill. The collection of trees comprised native Indiana and American specimens as well as ornamental exotics.

In addition to these distinctive plantings and walks, Oak Hill was enhanced by a number of other landscape features. The seclusion which characterizes this burial ground was furthered by the enclosure of its land on three sides by a brick wall and by a single entrance gate located on the south side of the Cemetery. The approach to the main gate was by a 365-foot-long drive which begun at Virginia Street and was bordered on each side by a continuation of the wall. The Mission Revival gateway was also designed by architects Harris and Shopbell in 1901. The overhanging hipped roof was clad with red barrel tiles, and the soffit was coffered. Extensions of the gateway are connected with the brick wall.

Within the cemetery there were two man-made bodies of water—reflecting pools. To the left of the gateway, in the Western Addition, the central attraction was an oblong lake fed by the city water system and containing a small island. Spaced upon the banks of the lake were temple-style mausoleums of stone erected by some of the city's most prominent citizens. The island, connected to the mainland by a stone bridge, was the interment area for the Johnson family whose patriarch, Edward Mead Johnson, founded Johnson & Johnson and later Mead Johnson Nutrition Company, and whose remains were also interred on the island. The round, colonnaded monument of granite was erected for Johnson in 1934. The other pool, also fed artificially, was situated directly behind the administration building and was part of the improvement program undertaken in 1899 which saw the construction of this primary building.

## Notable interments

The cemetery is now the resting place for countless notable Evansville residents, as well as an American Civil War burial ground with over 500 Union troops, 24 Confederate soldiers, and 94 civilians who died during Civil War conflicts. In 1868, the city began efforts to secure designation of the Union veterans’ areas as federal property, eventually succeeding with a Congressional appropriation and recognition in 1898. Several years later, in about 1903, the Fitzhugh Lee Chapter of the Daughters of the Confederacy erected a monument in remembrance of the 24 soldiers who died for the South. A larger memorial for local Union dead was added in 1909. The 24 Confederate soldiers buried here were prisoners of war who died in Evansville.

Records indicate the King and Queen of a tribe of Romany Gypsies are buried at the cemetery. Elizabeth Harrison, Queen of the Gypsies, died in November 1895 and her husband Isaac followed on Christmas Eve in 1900. Other notable interments include:

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Oak Hill Cemetery | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Oak Hill Cemetery, December 2011 | |
| Location | 1400 E. Virginia St., Evansville, Indiana |
| Coordinates | 37°59′17″N 87°32′14″W / 37.98806°N 87.53722°W / 37.98806; -87.53722 |
| Area | 110 acres (45 ha) |
| Built | 1853 (1853) |
| Architect | Harris & Shopbell; Goodge, John S., et al |
| Architectural style | Classical Revival, Bungalow/craftsman, et al. |
| NRHP reference No. | 04000205 |
| Added to NRHP | March 22, 2004 |


title: Small nucleolar RNA SNORA4

abstract: In molecular biology, SNORA4 is a member of the H/ACA class of small nucleolar RNA that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines.

text:
# Small nucleolar RNA SNORA4

In molecular biology, **SNORA4** (also known as **ACA4**) is a member of the H/ACA class of small nucleolar RNA that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines.

## InfoBox

| Small nucleolar RNA SNORA4 | |
| --- | --- |
| Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SNORA4 | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | SNORA4 |
| Alt. Symbols | snoACA4 |
| Rfam | RF00394 |
| Other data | |
| RNA type | Gene; snRNA; snoRNA; HACA-box |
| Domain(s) | Eukaryota |
| GO | GO:0006396  GO:0005730 |
| SO | SO:0000594 |
| PDB structures | PDBe |


title: Donte Ingram

abstract: Donte Ingram is an American basketball player for Al Bataeh Club of the UAE National Basketball League. He played college basketball for the Loyola Ramblers. Before Loyola, he attended Simeon Career Academy and was teammates with NBA player Jabari Parker. Ingram drew national attention after helping the 2017–18 Ramblers reach the Final Four round of the 2018 NCAA tournament. He was named to the second-team All-Missouri Valley Conference as a senior.

text:
# Donte Ingram

**Donte Ingram** (born August 15, 1996) is an American basketball player for Al Bataeh Club of the UAE National Basketball League. He played college basketball for the Loyola Ramblers. Before Loyola, he attended Simeon Career Academy and was teammates with NBA player Jabari Parker. Ingram drew national attention after helping the 2017–18 Ramblers reach the Final Four round of the 2018 NCAA tournament. He was named to the second-team All-Missouri Valley Conference as a senior.

## Early life and high school

Ingram was born on August 15, 1996. He is the son of Don Ingram, who played basketball in the Marines, and grew up in Danville, Illinois. In middle school he competed in Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) play for Team Trouble, alongside future Nevada player Jordan Caroline.

He attended Danville High School for two seasons. He competed in AAU for Mean Streets, and Jabari Parker, who played on a different AAU team, convinced him to transfer to Simeon Career Academy in Chicago. As a junior, Ingram was utilized as the sixth man on the Class 4A state championship team. Due to residency issues, Ingram was declared ineligible by the Illinois High School Association on January 15 but was reinstated on February 5. Milton Doyle, a native of Chicago, persuaded Ingram to come to Loyola (Illinois) after receiving a scholarship offer from Hampton University. One of the reasons Ingram picked the team is because his older brother DaJuan Gouard, who is now a community college coach, played for a Horizon League championship in 2002 with the Ramblers.

## College career

When Ingram arrived at Loyola, the team had had three straight losing seasons, but he liked coach Porter Moser and the "family" feel of the program. He was an important piece of the 2014–15 Loyola Ramblers team that won the 2015 College Basketball Invitational as a freshman, averaging 5 points and 3.1 rebounds per game. As a sophomore, he posted 7.4 points per game. His best game that year was a 19-point performance against Bradley on March 3, 2016.

> I love Donte. He is a mismatch guy. He can switch defensively on (positions) one through four, he can guard a big inside, we trap the post with him, he can knock down a 3, put it on the deck and you can post him up. That gives us a lot of options offensively and defensively.

Porter Moser, coach of Loyola Ramblers men's basketball

Ingram sprained his MCL in early December 2016 but recovered quickly. On December 17, he had 20 points and nine rebounds in an 81–75 win over UIC and hit the three-pointer to send the game to overtime. Ingram set career highs with 30 points and 10 rebounds in a 102–98 loss to Drake on December 29. He improved his scoring average to 13.6 points per game as a junior and added 6.6 rebounds per game. Ingram led the conference in three point shooting with 47.3 percent and was named to the Third Team All-Missouri Valley Conference.

As a senior, Ingram averaged 11.5 points and 6.3 rebounds per game. He was named to the Second team All-Missouri Valley Conference. Ingram was an important contributor to Loyola's 10–1 start, the best in 52 years, which included an upset of Florida. He contributed 18 points and eight rebounds in the final of the 2018 Missouri Valley tournament against Illinois State and was named most outstanding player. With the win, Loyola reached its first NCAA tournament since 1985. The Ramblers received an 11 seed, and in the Round of 64, Ingram hit a buzzer-beating 3-pointer on a pass from Marques Townes to defeat Miami 64–62 and finished with 13 points. He led Loyola on an improbable run to its first Final Four since 1963, scoring 12 points in the Elite Eight win against Kansas State. He received some media attention when a message from Chance the Rapper prompted him to open a Twitter account. After the season Ingram signed with Edge Sports International in preparation for the 2018 NBA draft.

### College statistics

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014–15 | Loyola (Ill.) | 37 | 1 | 18.3 | .447 | .373 | .645 | 3.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 5.0 |
| 2015–16 | Loyola (Ill.) | 32 | 26 | 25.9 | .394 | .281 | .843 | 4.1 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 7.4 |
| 2016–17 | Loyola (Ill.) | 28 | 29 | 32.6 | .529 | .458 | .676 | 6.8 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 13.8 |
| 2017–18 | Loyola (Ill.) | 38 | 38 | 30.6 | .443 | .392 | .680 | 6.4 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 11.0 |
| Source: RealGM | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Professional career

Ingram worked out with several teams in preparation for the NBA draft and was praised for his size, versatility, shooting and defense. Despite going undrafted, he was signed by the Chicago Bulls to an NBA Summer League roster. In five games in the Las Vegas Summer League, Ingram averaged 6.0 points, 4.8 rebounds, and 1.4 assists per game, shooting .312 from the field. His best game came in the fourth game against the Dallas Mavericks where he finished with 13 points, four assists and two rebounds. He signed with the Mavericks on October 8, 2018. He was waived three days later. He was then added to the roster of the Texas Legends, the Mavericks’ NBA G League affiliate. On the season, Ingram appeared in 43 games for the Legends, averaging 3.7 points and 2.2 rebounds per game.

For the 2019–20 season, Ingram was acquired by the Hornets' NBA G League affiliate, the Greensboro Swarm. On February 26, 2020, Ingram scored 17 points in a 129–115 loss to the Westchester Knicks. He averaged 4.8 points and 2.4 rebounds in 16.6 minutes per game.

On February 11, 2021, Ingram signed with the Nelson Giants for the 2021 New Zealand NBL season. He averaged 18.3 points, 6.5 rebounds, 2.4 assists, and 1.7 steals per game.

Ingram signed with Dutch club Donar of the BNXT League on June 12. For the 2022–23 season, he played in Romania with Dinamo Bucharest. In the 2023–24 season, Ingram played for Al Bataeh Club of the UAE National Basketball League.

## Personal life

Ingram has said that he owns at least 50 pairs of sneakers. His teammate and friend, Saieed Ivey, was killed in June 2016; as a memorial, Ingram had custom Nike shoes made with the number 2 — Ivey's jersey number — on the top of the shoe and the acronym FINAO (failure is not an option), one of Ivey's favorite sayings, on the side.

## InfoBox

Donte Ingram
| Ingram in 2013 | |
| --- | --- |
| Al Bataeh | |
| Position | Small forward / shooting guard |
| League | UAE National Basketball League |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1996-08-15) August 15, 1996 |
| Nationality | American |
| Listed height | 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) |
| Listed weight | 215 lb (98 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school |  |
| College | Loyola Chicago (2014–2018) |
| NBA draft | 2018: undrafted |
| Playing career | 2018–present |
| Career history | |
| 2018–2019 | Texas Legends |
| 2019–2020 | Greensboro Swarm |
| 2020–2021 | Nelson Giants |
| 2021–2022 | Donar |
| 2022–2023 | Dinamo București |
| 2023–present | Al Bataeh |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Donna Bahorich

abstract: Donna Bahorich is a member of the Texas Historical Commission and a former member of the Texas State Board of Education (TXSBOE), serving as Chair from June 2015 - September 2019. She was elected to the 15-member TXSBOE board in 2012 and 2016.

text:
# Donna Bahorich

**Donna Bahorich** is a member of the Texas Historical Commission and a former member of the Texas State Board of Education (TXSBOE), serving as Chair from June 2015 - September 2019. She was elected to the 15-member TXSBOE board in 2012 and 2016.

## Early life and education

Bahorich was born in Ronceverte, West Virginia on 14 September 1955. She received her Master of Arts degree in 1990 from Liberty University and Bachelor of Science degree in 1977 from Virginia Tech.

## Career

Bahorich began her career in 1977 in telecommunications working as a supervisor for Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone under the AT&T umbrella. In 1981 she was transferred to Mountain Bell to work as a contract negotiator responsible for procuring tools and telecom supply equipment after the break-up of AT&T. Bahorich left full time employment in 1985 to begin her career as a mother and, eventual, home educator.

She served as the founder and director for Home Ed Plus, Inc., a homeschool cooperative serving 100+ students in the West University area for over 20 years. She left her position on the board of Home Ed Plus in 2010.

In 2004, she became a volunteer director for the Harris County Republican Party. In 2005-2006, she was the campaign manager for Dan Patrick (current Texas Lt. Governor) for his first run for state senate. In 2009, she was selected to be the Harris County Republican Party 2010 Primary Director. Bahorich ran for the TXSBOE and was elected as the District 6 representative in 2012 and 2016. She was appointed by the governor as Chair in June 2015 and served on all three of the board's standing committees, finishing her final term of service as a member of the $34 billion Permanent School Fund Committee.

In 2017, the State Board of Education undertook the work of "streamlining" the curriculum standards in science and then social studies under Bahoriches' leadership as chair. Public controversies arose in both science and social studies revisions. Regarding the Alamo, Greg Abbott and other elected officials urged the TXSBOE to amend the committee-recommended history standard proposed for the state's seventh-grade that removed the "heroes" of the Alamo story. In an attempt to reduce the large number of historical figures required to be taught, TXSBOE work committees suggested a number of changes including trimming the number of historic figures required in the curriculum of Texas schools. In 2018, the TXSBOE approved the first in the nation high school Mexican American ethnic studies course, followed by the African American ethnic studies course in 2019.

Bahorich was a member of the pastor's council at Houston Vineyard Church, the West Houston P-16 Council and served as president (and many other positions) of the Daughters of Liberty Republican Women. She is a Senior Fellow with the American Leadership Forum-Houston, Education Class 43, and was a member of Conservative Leaders for Education.

## Recognition

Bahorich was recognized by The League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) for the 2017 State Director's Leadership Medal, 2018 Leadership Award, and 2019 Consensus Builder Award. Bahorich has received other awards: 2019 Greater Houston Coalition for Justice Award Honoree; 2020 Governor Abbott commissioned her with the Yellow Rose of Texas award; 2021 the City of Houston recognized Bahorich for exceptional community service; 2021 Children At Risk nominee for Education Advocate of the Year.

## InfoBox

| Donna Bahorich | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Chair of the State Board of Education | |
| **In office**
June 2015  July 2019 | |
| State Board of Education | |
| Governor | Greg Abbot |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1955-09-14) September 14, 1955
Ronceverte, West Virginia |
| Political party | Republican |
| Residence(s) | Houston, Texas |
| Website | Donna4Texas |
|  | |


title: Donna Ball

abstract: Donna Ball is an American writer of over 90 novels, mainly romantic novels since 1982, writing under her own name and with pen names Rebecca Flanders, Donna Carlisle and Donna Boyd. She also signed novels with Shannon Harper as Leigh Bristol and Taylor Brady.

text:
# Donna Ball

**Donna Ball** (born 1951 in North Georgia, US) is an American writer of over 90 novels, mainly romantic novels since 1982, writing under her own name and with pen names **Rebecca Flanders**, **Donna Carlisle** and **Donna Boyd**. She also signed novels with Shannon Harper as **Leigh Bristol** and **Taylor Brady**.

## Biography

Donna Ball born in 1951 in the United States. Her ancestors were one of the first pioneer families of North Georgia, and her family still lives on the land they purchased from the Cherokee in 1782.

She published her first book in 1982 as Donna Ball and since then has written novels under other pseudonyms: Rebecca Flanders, Donna Carlisle and Donna Boyd. She also signed novels with Shannon Harper as Leigh Bristol and Taylor Brady.

Donna has given numerous print and broadcast interviews and has been quoted by such publications as the Detroit Free Press, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, T.V. Guide, and Family Circle, as well as having appeared on such television programs as Entertainment Tonight and Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous. She also operates an online dog-training Web site and is a volunteer puppy raiser for a national service dog organization.

Donna lives in a restored turn-of-the-century barn in the heart of the Blue Ridge Mountains in the northeast Georgia with her dogs, they have won numerous awards for agility, obedience, and canine musical freestyle. Her hobbies include oil painting, hiking and dog obedience training.

## Bibliography

### As Donna Ball

#### Stand alone novels

* *Summer Masquerade* (1982)
* *Winners* (1983)
* *Cry in the Woods* (1991)
* *The Darkest Hour* (1992)
* *Exposure* (1996)
* *Just Before Dawn* (1997)
* *Dark Angel* (1998)

#### Raine Stockton Dog Mystery series

1. *Rapid Fire* (2006)
2. *Smoky Mountain Tracks* (2006)
3. *Gun Shy* (2007)
4. *Bone Yard* (2011)
5. *Silent Night* (2011)
6. *The Dead Season* (2012)
7. *High on Trial* (2012)
8. *All That Glitters* (2012)

#### Omnibus in Collaboration

### As Rebecca Flanders

#### Stand alone novels

* *Falkone's Promise* (1983)
* *Modern Girl* (1983)
* *Morning Song* (1983)
* *A Matter of Trust* (1983)
* *Best of Friends* (1983)
* *Twice in a Lifetime* (1984)
* *Suddenly Love* (1984)
* *Second Sight* (1984)
* *Gilded Heart* (1984)
* *Daydreams* (1984)
* *Silver Threads* (1984)
* *Afterglow* (1985)
* *Desert Fire* (1985)
* *Easy Access* (1985)
* *Open Hands* (1985)
* *Rainbows and Unicorns* (1985)
* *Growing Season* (1985)
* *Uncertain Images* (1985)
* *The Last Frontier* (1985)
* *Minor Miracles* (1986)
* *Painted Sunsets* (1986)
* *The Straight Game* (1986)
* *Obsessions* (1986)
* *Satin Fires* (1986)
* *After the Storm: Mississippi* (1986)
* *Search the Heavens* (1988)
* *Earthbound* (1990)
* *Under the Mistletoe* (1991)
* *Yesterday Comes Tomorrow* (1992)
* *Once upon a Time* (1992)
* *Sunchasers* (1993)
* *Forever Always* (1993)
* *The Last Real Man* (1993)
* *Kissed by the Sea* (1994)

#### Century of American Dreams Series Multi-Author

* *The Sensation: 1920s* (1990)

#### Timetwist Series Multi-Author

* *Quinn's Way* (1994)

#### Dreamscapes : Whispers of Love Series Multi-Author

* *Secret of the Wolf* (1995)
* *Wolf in Waiting* (1995)
* *Shadow of the Wolf* (1995)

### As Leigh Bristol

#### Stand alone novels

* *Amber Skies* (1987)
* *Scarlet Sunrise* (1987)
* *Silver Twilight* (1987)
* *Hearts of Fire* (1988)
* *Sunswept* (1990)
* *Twice Blessed* (1991)
* *Angel* (1992)
* *Legacy* (1993)

### As Donna Carlisle

#### Stand alone novels

* *Under Cover* (1988)
* *A Man Around the House* (1989)
* *Interlude* (1989)
* *Matchmaker, Matchmaker* (1990)
* *The Stormriders* (1991)
* *For Keeps* (1991)
* *It's Only Make Believe* (1992)
* *Cast Adrift* (1992)
* *Stealing Savannah* (1994)
* *The Message in the Miracles* (2003)

### As Taylor Brady

#### Kincaids series

1. *Raging Rivers* (1992)
2. *Prairie Thunder* (1993)
3. *Mountain Fury* (1993)
4. *Westward Winds* (1993)

### As Donna Boyd

#### Devoncroix Dynasty series

1. *The Passion* (1998)
2. *The Promise* (1999)
3. *Renegade* (2011)

#### Single Novels

* *The Alchemist* (2002)
* *The Awakening* (2003)

## References and sources

## InfoBox

| Donna Ball | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1951 (age 7273)
North Georgia, US |
| Pen name | Donna Ball,
Rebecca Flanders,
Leigh Bristol (with Shannon Harper),
Donna Carlisle,
Taylor Brady (with Shannon Harper),
Donna Boyd |
| Occupation | Novelist |
| Period | 1982–present |
| Genre | Romantic novel |


abstract: Philotheca myoporoides subsp. brevipedunculata is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a shrub with oblong or egg-shaped leaves and white or pink flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to three in leaf axils.

text:
# Philotheca myoporoides subsp. brevipedunculata

***Philotheca myoporoides* subsp. *brevipedunculata*** is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a shrub with oblong or egg-shaped leaves and white or pink flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to three in leaf axils.

## Description

*Philotheca myoporoides* subsp. *brevipedunculata* is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 1.8–2 m (5 ft 11 in – 6 ft 7 in) with glabrous, densely glandular-warty stems. The leaves are leathery, oblong-elliptic to egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) wide and there is a small point on the tip. The flowers are usually arranged singly, sometimes in twos or threes, rarely four, in leaf axils on a peduncle up to 2 mm (0.079 in) long, each flower on a thin pedicel 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) long. The petals are broadly elliptic, about 8 mm (0.31 in) long with a prominent keel. The stamens are free from each other and hairy near the base. Flowering mainly occurs in spring and autumn.

## Taxonomy and naming

This subspecies was first formally described in 1998 by Michael Bayly in the journal *Muelleria*.

## Distribution and habitat

This subspecies grows from coastal to escarpment ranges from Sassafras to the Moruya district in south-eastern New South Wales.

## InfoBox

| *Philotheca myoporoides subsp. brevipedunculata* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| In the Australian National Botanic Gardens | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Genus: | *Philotheca* |
| Species: | *P. myoporoides* |
| Subspecies: | ***P. m.* subsp. *brevipedunculata*** |
| Trinomial name | |
| ***Philotheca myoporoides* subsp. *brevipedunculata*** <br>Bayly | |


title: Phyllis Crawford

abstract: Phyllis Crawford was, during the 1930s and 1940s, an American author of books for children in their early teens. Born in Little Rock, Arkansas, she graduated from Randolph-Macon Woman's College in 1920 and then from library school at the University of Illinois in 1924 and became an editorial assistant for H.W. Wilson. In 1930, she published her first children's book The Blot: Little City Cat. In 1938, she wrote Hello the Boat!, which won the top prize of $3,000 from the Julia Ellsworth Ford Foundation and was a 1939 Newbery Award honoree. Subsequent books were In England Still, Walking on Gold, The Secret Brother, Last Semester, Second Shift and Let's Go!. She also wrote an adult novel, Elsie Dinsmore on the Loose.

text:
# Phyllis Crawford

**Phyllis Crawford** (February 8, 1899 – July 1980) was, during the 1930s and 1940s, an American author of books for children in their early teens.

Born in Little Rock, Arkansas, she graduated from Randolph-Macon Woman's College in 1920 and then from library school at the University of Illinois in 1924 and became an editorial assistant for H.W. Wilson. In 1930, she published her first children's book *The Blot: Little City Cat*. In 1938, she wrote *Hello the Boat!* (Holt, 1938), which won the top prize of $3,000 from the **Julia Ellsworth Ford Foundation** and was a 1939 Newbery Award honoree.

Subsequent books were *In England Still* (Arrowsmith, 1938), *Walking on Gold* (Messner, 1940), *The Secret Brother* (Holt, 1941), *Last Semester* (Holt, 1942), *Second Shift* (Holt, 1943) and *Let's Go!* (Holt, 1946). She also wrote an adult novel, *Elsie Dinsmore on the Loose* (Cape, 1930).


title: Phyllis Curott

abstract: Phyllis Curott who goes under the craft name Aradia, is a Wiccan priestess, attorney, and author. She is founder and high priestess of the Temple of Ara, one of the oldest Wiccan congregations in the United States. She has been active as a leader in the Parliament of the World’s Religions since 1993 in multiple roles including co-chair of the inaugural 1993 Women’s Task Force and current Program Chair of the 2023 Parliament of the World’s Religions in Chicago. She is also author of several published volumes on modern witchcraft and Goddess spirituality.

text:
# Phyllis Curott

**Phyllis Curott** (born February 8, 1954) who goes under the craft name **Aradia**, is a Wiccan priestess, attorney, and author. She is founder and high priestess of the Temple of Ara, one of the oldest Wiccan congregations in the United States. She has been active as a leader in the Parliament of the World’s Religions since 1993 in multiple roles including co-chair of the inaugural 1993 Women’s Task Force and current Program Chair of the 2023 Parliament of the World’s Religions in Chicago. She is also author of several published volumes on modern witchcraft and Goddess spirituality.

## Early life and education

Curott grew up in Lynbrook, Long Island. Her parents were agnostic-atheist, socially liberal intellectuals who encouraged her to make her own decisions regarding theology but taught her to adhere to the Golden Rule. Her father worked as a maritime trade union organizer, whilst her mother, who had come from a wealthy and well-educated background, was a diplomat involved in the civil rights movement for racial equality in the United States.

Curott went on to gain a Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy from Brown University before going on to study for a Juris Doctor from New York University School of Law.

After graduating from law school, Curott worked in Washington, D.C. as a lobbyist for Ralph Nader. Upon returning to New York City, Curott has practiced labor law, entertainment law and real estate law. Additionally, she has been an outspoken advocate for the religious liberties of Wiccans and other religious minorities. She won the right of Wiccan clergy to perform legally binding marriages and rituals in public parks.

Curott produced several independent films, including “New Year’s Day” directed by Henry Jaglom. “New Year’s Day” was selected as the US entry at the 1989 Venice Film Festival. In addition, Curott played a journalist in “Venice Venice”

## Religious and interfaith work

After law school, while managing a rock band called The Dates. Curott befriended another female manager who introduced her to Witchcraft. In 1981, Curott was initiated into Wicca and given the Craft name of Aradia.

Curott is a High Priestess and the founder and President of the Temple of Ara (formerly known as the Circle of Ara), one of the oldest Wiccan congregations in America. She is a President Emerita of Covenant of the Goddess (COG”). She has also served as a frequent guest minister at the Unitarian Universalist Church and the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City. Curott has lectured and taught at the Learning Annex in New York and at Neo-Pagan and interfaith events.

While she was First Officer (President) of COG, Curott was at the center of two controversies at the 1993 Parliament of the Worlds Religions in Chicago. The Greek and Russian Orthodox delegations boycotted the Parliament of the World's Religions due to the inclusion of Curott as a speaker. The Chicago Park Commission initially denied COG's request for a permit to hold a ritual in Grant Park. After Curott challenged Chicago Archbishop Joseph Cardinal Bernadin on live television to support the Wiccans’ right to circle in the park, the Park Commission reversed its decision and Curott led an interfaith rite honoring Mother Earth at Grant Park.

A global interfaith activist, Curott has advocated for women's spirituality and eco-spiritual religions. She has addressed the Parliament of the World's Religions in 1993, 2004 and 2009 as a keynote speaker, along with the Dalai Lama. She is a trustee of the Council for the Parliament of the World's Religions and serves on its executive committee. In November 2012, Curott was unanimously elected to serve as vice chair of the Parliament of the World's Religions for the year 2013. has also served as a member of the Assembly of World Religious Leaders and Clergy Advisory Board of the Network of Spiritual Progressives. In 1999, Curott participated in the Harvard University Pluralism Project's Consultation on Religious Discrimination and Accommodation. As a member of the United Nations’ NGO Committee on the Status of Women, Curott participated in the planning of the United Nation's Beijing Forum on the Status of Women, addressing the Forum on the topic of religion and the status of women. She is also spearheaded and serves as co-chair of the Parliament of the World's Religions inaugural Women's Task Force.

She was honored by *Jane* magazine as one of the "Ten Gutsiest Women of the Year".

## Publications

Curott is the author of three books on modern Witchcraft and Goddess spirituality and has contributed to several others. Curott wrote her memoir, *Book of Shadows*, which chronicled her introduction to modern Witchcraft through initiation as a Wiccan priestess, in an effort to dispel misconceptions about Witches. Her works have been translated into Spanish, Italian, Dutch, German and Turkish.

## Bibliography

### Wrote

* 1998 - *Book of Shadows: A Modern Woman's Journey into the Wisdom of Witchcraft and the Magic of the Goddess* (Broadway Books) ISBN 0-7679-0054-5
* 2001 - *WitchCrafting: A Spiritual Guide to Making Magic* (Broadway Books) ISBN 0-7679-0825-2
* 2004 - *The Love Spell: An Erotic Memoir of Spiritual Awakening* (Gotham Books/Penguin) ISBN 1-59240-097-3
* 2018 - *Wicca Made Easy: Awaken The Divine Magic Within You* (Hay House)
* 2022 - *Spells for Living Well: A Witch's Guide for Manifesting Change, Well-being, and Wonder* (Hay House)

### Contributed

* 1995 - *Sourcebook of the World's Religions: an Interfaith Guide to Religion and Spirituality* edited by Joel Diederik Beversluis (Sourcebook Project) ISBN 0-9637897-1-6, ISBN 978-0-9637897-1-6
* 1995 - *People of the Earth: The New Pagans Speak Out* (reissued as: *Being a Pagan: Druids, Wiccans, and Witches Today*) by Ellen Evert Hopman & Lawrence Bond (Inner Traditions) ISBN 0-89281-559-0, ISBN 978-0-89281-559-3
* 2002 - *Wiccan Wisdom Keepers: Modern Day Witches Speak on Environmentalism, Feminism, Motherhood, Wiccan Lore, and More* by Sally Griffyn (Samuel Weiser) ISBN 1578632579, ISBN 978-1578632572
* 2004 - *Pop! Goes the Witch: The Disinformation Guide to 21st Century Witchcraft* by Fiona Horne (contributor) (The Disinformation Company) ISBN 0-9729529-5-0, ISBN 978-0-9729529-5-8
* 2005 - *Cakes and Ale for the Pagan Soul: Spells, Recipes, and Reflections from Neopagan Elders and Teachers* by Patricia Telesco (Crossing Press) ISBN 1-58091-164-1, ISBN 978-1-58091-164-1
* 2012- *Women, Spirituality, and Transformative Leadership: Where Grace Meets Power* edited by Kathe Shaaf et al. (SkyLight Paths Publishing) ISBN 978-1-59473-313-0
* 2023 - *Women Advancing Knowledge Equity: The Parliament of the World’s Religions* edited by Colleen D. Hartung (Parliament of the World's Religions) ISBN 979-8869580122

### Sources

## InfoBox

| Phyllis Curott | |
| --- | --- |
| Curott in Palermo | |
| Born | (1954-02-08) February 8, 1954 |
| Other names | Aradia |
| Education |  |
| Organization | Temple of Ara |
| Title | High Priestess |
| Website | https://www.phylliscurott.com/ |


title: Donnie Darko (soundtrack)

abstract: Donnie Darko: Music from the Original Motion Picture Score is a soundtrack album by American musician Michael Andrews, released in April 2002 on Enjoy and Everloving Records. It contains music from the 2001 science fiction psychological thriller film Donnie Darko, written and directed by Richard Kelly. It consists of 16 instrumental tracks and two covers of "Mad World" by Tears for Fears sung by American singer Gary Jules.

text:
# Donnie Darko (soundtrack)

***Donnie Darko: Music from the Original Motion Picture Score*** is a soundtrack album by American musician Michael Andrews, released in April 2002 on Enjoy and Everloving Records. It contains music from the 2001 science fiction psychological thriller film *Donnie Darko*, written and directed by Richard Kelly. It consists of 16 instrumental tracks and two covers of "Mad World" by Tears for Fears sung by American singer Gary Jules.

## Production

Richard Kelly commissioned Michael Andrews, a San Diego musician and television and film composer who had worked as a member of a range of bands, including The Origin with Gary Jules, whose two solo albums he had produced, and The Greyboy Allstars. Kelly said that he was confident that Michael Andrews could do the job: "I met with Michael and I just knew right away that he was really, really talented and that he could come up with a really original score. He would allow me to be in there and be really kind of editorial with how I wanted the score to be."

Michael Andrews relocated to Los Angeles to work on the film between October and December 2000. As Michael Andrews states, the low budget for the project encouraged him to play a diverse range of instruments for the soundtrack:

> The film was pretty low budget so my portion of the money was pretty thin. I couldn't hire anyone, it was just me. I played everything; piano, mellotron, mini marimba, xylophone, ukulele, organ. I also brought in two female vocalists Sam Shelton and Tori Haberman. But no guitar because Richard said no guitar or drums; he just wasn't into it. I was down with that - I've played guitar my whole life.

Like many of his role models for soundtrack composing such as John Barry and Ennio Morricone, Michael Andrews wanted to put a song on his otherwise instrumental score. He eventually chose "Mad World" (1982) by Tears for Fears, who were one of his and childhood friend Gary Jules' favourite bands while growing up. Andrews enlisted Jules to sing the song, while Andrews himself played the piano. Other songs featured in the film include "The Killing Moon" by Echo & the Bunnymen (another of Andrews' and Jules' favourite bands), Joy Division's "Love Will Tear Us Apart", The Church's "Under the Milky Way" in the party scene, and "Proud to Be Loud" by the band Pantera.

Andrews' style of composing owes much to the ground-breaking Symphony No. 3 (Symphony of Sorrowful Songs) by Henryk Górecki, to which Cherita mimes on stage. An excerpt of "For Whom the Bell Tolls", as composed by Steve Baker and Carmen Daye, starts the credit sequence at the end of the film. This music was however not included in the album-version of the soundtrack.

In the 2004 director's cut, a number of musical choices are changed. In the film's opening, "The Killing Moon" by Echo & the Bunnymen is replaced by "Never Tear Us Apart" by INXS. "The Killing Moon" later replaces "Under the Milky Way" by The Church during the party scene. "Under The Milky Way" can be heard in the car scene with Donnie and his father, played on the radio. Many of these tracks were originally meant to be on the soundtrack, but could not be obtained for licensing reasons.

## Release

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

The score was not put on a soundtrack album until Andy Factor, a friend of Michael Andrews, released it on his independent label, Everloving Records, in 2002. As *Donnie Darko* was not a hit at first, there was little interest in the soundtrack in the United States. However, the film enjoyed more popularity in Europe, especially in the UK, where its total box office was greater than that for the whole of the U.S., and so the *Donnie Darko* soundtrack album was released.

This sparked interest in the soundtrack and in the song "Mad World", taken from the original soundtrack, which was a 2003 Christmas Number One in the UK singles chart. It has also made the charts in a number of other countries including Ireland, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Australia in 2003 and 2004.

Madonna sampled the song "Manipulated Living" for the video introduction on her 2008/2009 Sticky & Sweet Tour.

## Track listing

All songs were written and performed by Michael Andrews except "Mad World", "Head over Heels", and "The Killing Moon".

1. "Carpathian Ridge" – 1:35
2. "The Tangent Universe" – 1:50
3. "The Artifact and Living" – 2:30
4. "Middlesex Times" – 1:41
5. "Manipulated Living" – 2:08
6. "Philosophy of Time Travel" – 2:02
7. "Liquid Spear Waltz" – 1:32
8. "Gretchen Ross" – 0:51
9. "Burn It to the Ground" – 1:58
10. "Slipping Away" – 1:17
11. "Rosie Darko" – 1:25
12. "Cellar Door" – 1:03
13. "Ensurance Trap" – 3:11
14. "Waltz in the 4th Dimension" – 2:46
15. "Time Travel" – 3:01
16. "Did You Know Him?" – 1:46
17. "Mad World" – 3:08
18. "Mad World" (Alternate Mix) – 3:37
19. "Head over Heels" by Tears for Fears – 2:36
20. "The Killing Moon" by Echo & the Bunnymen – 3:16

## 2004 British re-release

Coinciding with the release of the film's director's cut, an expanded two-disc edition of the album was released in the United Kingdom in 2004. This edition included the 1980s pop and alternative rock songs from the theatrical edition and the director's cut.

1. "Never Tear Us Apart" by INXS – 3:04
2. "Head Over Heels" by Tears for Fears – 4:16
3. "Under the Milky Way" by The Church – 4:58
4. "Lucid Memory" by Sam Bauer and Gerard Bauer – 0:46
5. "Lucid Assembly" by Gerard Bauer and Mike Bauer – 0:52
6. "Ave Maria" by Vladimir Vavilov and Paul Pritchard – 2:57
7. "For Whom the Bell Tolls" by Steve Baker and Carmen Daye – 3:12
8. "Show Me (Part 1)" by Quito Colayco and Tony Hertz – 2:05
9. "Notorious" by Duran Duran – 4:00
10. "Stay" by Oingo Boingo – 3:38
11. "Love Will Tear Us Apart" by Joy Division – 3:23
12. "The Killing Moon" by Echo & the Bunnymen – 5:55

### Disc two

The second disc is devoted to a remastered version of Andrews' score.

## Personnel

* Michael Andrews – performer
* Todd Burke – engineer, mixing
* Shannon Erbe – music editor
* Gary Jules – vocals
* Richard Kelly – liner notes
* Mike King – package design
* Roger Seibel – mastering
* Sam Shelton – backing vocals

## InfoBox

| Donnie Darko: Music from the Original Motion Picture Score | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Soundtrack album by Michael Andrews | |
| Released | April 2, 2002 |
| Recorded | October–December 2000 |
| Studio | Elgonix Labs, Los Angeles, US |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 37:21 |
| Language | English |
| Label | Enjoy Records
Everloving Records |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Donnie Darko* | |
| 1. "Mad World"
Released: 15 December 2003 | |
|  | |


title: Szolnok (ispán)

abstract: Szolnok was a Hungarian nobleman in the first half of the 11th century, who served as the first ispán of Szolnok County, which was named after him. Consequently, the town of Szolnok preserved his name to this day. He was killed during the Vata pagan uprising.

text:
# Szolnok (ispán)

**Szolnok** (also **Zounok**, **Zonunc** or **Zaunic**; killed September 1046) was a Hungarian nobleman in the first half of the 11th century, who served as the first *ispán* of Szolnok County, which was named after him. Consequently, the town of Szolnok preserved his name to this day. He was killed during the Vata pagan uprising.

## Historical interpretations

According to historian Gábor Bagi, Szolnok represented the last generation of the royal officials who emerged during the reign of the first Hungarian king Stephen I. He was born in the early years of the 11th century. He plausibly held important positions in the royal court since the beginning of the 1030s. Local historian László Szabó claimed that his name is first mentioned in 1018, but there is no source for that. According to historian György Györffy, Stephen I entrusted Szolnok to establish a royal domain towards the end of his reign, in the second wave of the organization of counties sometime between 1018 and 1038. In contrast, Gyula Kristó considered that Szolnok County was established in the same time when the Diocese of Vác was founded, under the reign of Peter Orseolo, Stephen's successor. Accordingly, Szolnok built the namesake castle (a type of hillfort) at the confluence of the Tisza and Zagyva rivers, which area was the crossroads of several trade routes. The county, named after Szolnok and his newly erected fort, emerged from this castle district in the second half of the 11th century. Its castle folks was first mentioned by the founding charter of Garamszentbenedek Abbey (today Hronský Beňadik, Slovakia) in 1075, the county (or at least an ispánate) already existed at that time. However, the first known *ispán*, a certain Eusidinus, first appears in this capacity only in 1134.

Szolnok possessed inherited estates around the newly established castle district. His jurisdiction also extended to Northern Transylvania. Györffy assumed that Szolnok, beside his office of *ispán*, perhaps served as Voivode of Transylvania too, since the two positions were demonstrably combined from mid-13th century. Nevertheless, Szolnok could have had more power than the ordinary county administration official, because the *Annales Altahenses* refers to him as "*princeps*", instead of "*comes*". Under *ispán* Szolnok, the new emerging centre of royal power became one of the important stations for the transport of salt from the royal mines of Transylvania to the center, as it lay along the salt transport road. Some neighboring lands along the salt road located in Szabolcs, Bihar, Szatmár and Doboka counties were attached to Szolnok County. Kristó emphasized the military importance of the area. According to him, Peter entrusted the region to Szolnok to counter the pagan Vata's growing territory around Békés.

Based on the narration of the 14th-century *Illuminated Chronicle*, Szolnok was a devout Christian, who himself baptized people, including his future murderer Murtmur. Gábor Bagi considered Szolnok could carry out proselytizing activities at the behest of his monarch (Stephen I) in the Central Danube area, certainly before his commission in Szolnok. It is uncertain whose side he was on during the internal war between Peter and Samuel Aba. Initially, Kristó argued that Szolnok was an ardent partisan of Peter, belonging to circle of Gerard of Csanád. László Szegfű, however, emphasized that Gerard fled the Republic of Venice because of his opposition to the Orseolos, therefore, it is not certain that the bishop would have been a supporter of King Peter. Based on Gerard's *Deliberatio*, historian József Gerics argued that the bishop, like most prelates and nobles, swore loyalty to Samuel Aba. When the Vata pagan uprising broke out in 1046, Szolnok, as a member of the Hungarian elite, resided in Székesfehérvár. Consequently, archaeologist Róbert Kertész considered that Szolnok defected from the allegiance of Peter by that time, and was among those lords, who invited the exiled princes Levente and Andrew to the Hungarian throne.

## Death

> As for *ispán* Szolnok, he mounted upon his horse, leapt into the Danube, and as he swam a certain man named Murtmur took him into his boat in order to save him from death. For this Murtmur had been baptized by *ispán* Szolnok. But when he wished to save the *ispán'*s life, the heretics began to threaten him with death unless he himself killed *ispán* Szolnok. Frightened by these threats, Murtmur killed the *ispán* in the boat with his sword.
>
> *Illuminated Chronicle*

By the time the two brothers, Andrew and Levente, decided to return, a pagan revolt had broken out in Hungary. The princes made a casual alliance with the pagans led by Vata in order to defeat Peter. Their army marched into Pest. Upon learning of this, Gerard and three other prelates, in addition to Szolnok left Székesfehérvár to meet the princes and swear loyalty to them. However, the pagans captured and slaughtered them at the port of Pest, while attempted to cross the Danube. Three sources mention the death of Szolnok. Regarding of the martyrdom of Gerard and his accompaniment, the contemporary *Annales Altahenses* says that "a noble (*princeps*) named Zaunic was also murdered with them". The major legend of Saint Gerard, compiled around 1340, also mentions his violent death, similarly to the entire company and entourage of the bishops. The most detailed account (see above quote) is provided by the 14th-century *Illuminated Chronicle*. Bagi considered that its text preserved a narration of a contemporary record or a lost variation of Gerard's hagiography.

Gyula Kristó considered that the murder of both Gerard and Szolnok indicate their personal opposition to Vata. The jurisdiction of both of them (the Diocese of Csanád and the County of Szolnok, respectively) bordered on the territory of Vata around Békés, whose power they threatened both on the ecclesiastical and secular side from the south and northwest. Kristó assumed that Vata's territory may have been affected by attempts at expansionist conversion from the sides of Gerard and Szolnok before 1046.

## Descendants

A certain Szolnok (*Zounuk*) was an advisor of Duke Géza in the early 1070s. He, along with Petrud and Bikács, betrayed his lord just before the Battle of Kemej in February 1074, where King Solomon's troops routed Géza's army. However, ultimately, Géza won a decisive victory at the Battle of Mogyoród in March 1074. Historians consider this Szolnok was the namesake son of *ispán* Szolnok. His betrayal resulted that his offspring lost significant power and influence, which was never recovered.

According to the tradition, the *gens* (clan) Szolnok descended from him. In the 13th century, they possessed estates around Szolnok Castle, for instance, Szajol and Püspöki. They established the clan's monastery in Tenyő. In addition, they owned some landholdings in Nógrád, Fejér and Baranya counties too.

## Sources

### Primary sources

* Bak, János M.; Veszprémy, László; Kersken, Norbert (2018). *Chronica de gestis Hungarorum e codice picto saec. XIV* \[*The Illuminated Chronicle: Chronicle of the deeds of the Hungarians from the fourteenth-century illuminated codex*\]. Budapest: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-9-6338-6264-3.
* Klaniczay, Gábor; Csepregi, Ildikó, eds. (2023). *Sanctitas Principum: Sancti Reges, Duces, Episcopi et Abbates Europae Centralis (Saec. xi–xiii)* \[*The Sanctity of the Leaders: Holy Kings, Princes, Bishops, and Abbots from Central Europe (Eleventh–Thirteenth Centuries)*\]. Budapest–New York–Vienna: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-615-5225-28-4.

### Secondary studies

* Bagi, Gábor (1992). "Megjegyzések Szolnok ispán történetéhez \[*Notes on the Story of Ispán Szolnok*\]". *Jászkunság* (in Hungarian). **38** (5). Verseghy Ferenc Megyei Könyvtár: 27–30. ISSN 0448-9144.
* Györffy, György (2013). *István király és műve* \[King Stephen and his work\] (in Hungarian). Balassi Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-506-896-8.
* Kertész, Róbert (2014). "Szolnok az Árpád-korban: tények és eredmények \[*Szolnok in the Age of Árpáds: Facts and Results*\]". *Archaeologia – Altum Castrum Online*. MNM Visegrádi Mátyás Király Múzeum: 2–7.
* Kristó, Gyula (1965). Karácsonyi, Béla (ed.). "Megjegyzések az ún. "pogánylázadások" kora történetéhez \[*Comments on the History of the so-called Age of "Pagan Rebellions"*\]". *Acta Universitatis Szegediensis de Attila József nominatae. Acta Historica* (in Hungarian). **18**. MTA-SZTE-MOL Magyar Medievisztikai Kutatócsoport: 1–59. ISSN 0324-6965.
* Kristó, Gyula (1988). *A vármegyék kialakulása Magyarországon* \[The formation of counties in Hungary\]. Budapest: Magvető. ISBN 978-963-14-1189-8.
* Zsoldos, Attila (2011). *Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301* \[Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301\] (in Hungarian). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. ISBN 978-963-9627-38-3.

## InfoBox

| Szolnok | |
| --- | --- |
| Statue of *ispán* Szolnok in the namesake town by Benő Gábor Pogány (2001) | |
| Ispán of Szolnok | |
| Reign | ?–1046 |
| Predecessor | *first* |
| Successor | Eusidinus (1134) |
|  | |
| Died | September 1046<br>at the Danube near Kelenföld (present-day Budapest) |
| Noble family | *gens* Szolnok |


title: Brachyleptura fulva

abstract: Brachyleptura fulva is a species of longhorn beetle in the subfamily Lamiinae found in Crimea and France. The colour of the species is black, with orange wings.

text:
# Brachyleptura fulva

***Brachyleptura fulva*** is a species of longhorn beetle in the subfamily Lamiinae found in Crimea and France. The colour of the species is black, with orange wings.

## InfoBox

| *Brachyleptura fulva* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Subfamily: | Lamiinae |
| Genus: | *Brachyleptura* |
| Species: | ***B. fulva*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Brachyleptura fulva***<br>De Geer, 1775 | |
|


title: Edward T. Martin

abstract: Edward T. Martin (1910–1984) was an American attorney and judge who served as Attorney General of Massachusetts for sixteen days in 1967.

text:
# Edward T. Martin

**Edward T. Martin** (1910–1984) was an American attorney and judge who served as Attorney General of Massachusetts for sixteen days in 1967.

## Early life

Martin was born in Newton, Massachusetts. He graduated from Newton High School in 1927, the American Institute of Banking in 1931, and Suffolk University Law School in 1936. Martin resided in Lexington, Massachusetts, where he was member of the town's School Committee. Prior to joining the Attorney General's office he was a member of the Federal Renegotiation Board.

## Attorney General's office

During the 1962 election, Martin served as attorney general candidate Edward Brooke's campaign coordinator in the suburbs west of Boston. When Brooke took office in January 1963 he named Martin Chief of the Financial Division. While in this position, Martin felt that he needed a better background in tax law, so he attended Boston University School of Law at nights and earned a master of laws in taxation. When the position of First Deputy Attorney General opened up in 1964, Brooke appointed Martin. As First Deputy, he was responsible for the day to day operations of the Attorney General's office. He also maintained a private law practice during this time.

## Attorney General

In the 1966 election, Brooke was elected to the United States Senate and Elliot Richardson was elected attorney general. Brooke resigned as attorney general on January 2, 1967, to take his Senate seat. He recommended that Martin be appointed to succeed him. As the legislature was not in session, the only person with the authority to appoint an Attorney General was Governor John A. Volpe, who appointed Martin. Martin served as attorney general until January 18, when Richardson's term began.

### Belotti investigation

During his tenure as attorney general, Martin's office continued a controversial investigation into former Lieutenant Governor Francis X. Bellotti. Bellotti, the Democratic nominee for Attorney General in 1966, had been accused by Richardson during the campaign of receiving money from Nationwide Insurance while serving as lieutenant governor for work before the state Insurance Department. Bellotti claimed that the investigation was "patently political" and criticized Brooke, who had initiated the investigation before leaving office, for "white-wash\[ing\]" the brother of Republican governor John A. Volpe, but finding "cause to recommend further investigation against me, a Democrat". The investigation was not closed during Martin's time in office and Richardson appointed a special panel in an informal trusteeship to review the case. Bellotti was cleared by the panel.

## Judicial career

From 1967 to 1969, Martin served as Volpe's chief secretary. He was later appointed as a special justice of the West Roxbury District Court. He took his seat on January 17, 1969. On August 27, 1969, Acting Governor Francis W. Sargent nominated Martin to be a judge on the Middlesex Probate Court. His appointment was confirmed by the Massachusetts Governor's Council on September 10, 1969. He retired from the bench on April 25, 1980.

## Death

In 1984, Martin died unexpectedly while on vacation in Bermuda.

## InfoBox

| Edward T. Martin | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 36th Attorney General of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts | |
| **In office**
January 2, 1967  January 18, 1967 | |
| Appointed by | John A. Volpe |
| Preceded by | Edward W. Brooke |
| Succeeded by | Elliot Richardson |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1910
Newton, Massachusetts |
| Died | 1984
Bermuda |
| Alma mater | American Institute of Banking
Suffolk University Law School
Boston University Law School |
| Profession | Lawyer |
|  | |


abstract: Pueyrredón is a station on Line B of the Buenos Aires Underground. Passengers may transfer from here to the Corrientes Station on Line H. The station was opened on 17 October 1930 as part of the inaugural section of the line between Federico Lacroze and Callao. It is located in the Balvanera barrio, at the intersection of Avenida Corrientes and Avenida Pueyrredón, and named after the latter.

text:
# Pueyrredón (Line B Buenos Aires Underground)

**Pueyrredón** is a station on Line B of the Buenos Aires Underground. Passengers may transfer from here to the Corrientes Station on Line H. The station was opened on 17 October 1930 as part of the inaugural section of the line between Federico Lacroze and Callao.

It is located in the Balvanera barrio, at the intersection of Avenida Corrientes and Avenida Pueyrredón, and named after the latter.

Media related to Pueyrredón (Buenos Aires Underground) at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Pueyrredón | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Corrientes and Pueyrredón |
| Coordinates | 34°36′16.5″S 58°24′19.1″W / 34.604583°S 58.405306°W / -34.604583; -58.405306 |
| Platforms | Side platforms |
| History | |
| Opened | 17 October 1930 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Buenos Aires Underground Following station  Carlos Gardeltowards Juan Manuel de Rosas  Line B*Transfer to:  Corrientes*  Pasteur - AMIAtowards Leandro N. Alem | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |