title: Chambers stove

abstract: The Chambers stove is a generic name for several different kitchen cooking appliances sold under the Chambers brand name from 1912 to approximately 1988. Their ranges and stand-alone ovens were known for their patented insulation methods, which enabled them to cook on retained heat with the fuel turned off.

text:
# Chambers stove

The **Chambers stove** is a generic name for several different kitchen cooking appliances sold under the Chambers brand name from 1912 to approximately 1988. Their ranges and stand-alone ovens were known for their patented insulation methods, which enabled them to cook on retained heat with the fuel turned off.

## History

The Chambers Fireless Gas Range was a gas cook stove created by John E. Chambers in 1910, Two years after inventing his fireless cooker, John Chambers organized the Chambers Company in 1912. Chambers' patented method of manufacture used thick rock wool insulation to insulate the oven on all sides. This made it possible for the heat inside the oven to build up over a short period of time. The gas was then turned off, causing a series of internal dampers to close, which effectively isolated the oven compartment from the outside air. The food would continue to cook on retained heat, thus conserving fuel and reducing food shrinkage. This method of cooking, Chambers literature often claimed, also increased the food value of the cooked items.

The Chambers Corporation manufactured successive versions of this design in Shelbyville, Indiana, from 1912 through January, 1955.

Chambers Corporation was sold by the Chambers family in 1950 to the Flato brothers, who were the Chambers distributors in Houston, Texas. The Rangaire company purchased Chambers in 1964, and operated it out of the Oxford, Mississippi, plant built by the Flato brothers in 1963 until 1983, when they sold it to the KitchenAid Division of the Hobart Corporation. During Rangaire's ownership of the Chambers Corporation, manufacture of the famous insulated range continued into the 1970s. In 1986, KitchenAid was sold to Whirlpool. By the early 1990s, Chambers-branded appliances were no longer being manufactured.

In 2007, the Thor Corporation of Los Angeles resurrected the Chambers brand name.

The earliest Chambers ranges were small, but all were constructed of cast iron, heavy gauge steel and porcelain enamel. All models were thickly insulated using rock wool insulation, which enabled their owners to use them like an ordinary range or cook using retained heat. To help owners of their products learn the proper use of the retained heat cooking feature of their ranges, Chambers developed a large home economics department in their Shelbyville, Indiana, factory. There, recipes and cooking times using the insulated properties of their products were carefully tested and perfected. These tests resulted in charts which indicated the amount of time - and at what temperature - the gas was to be burned in the oven and the Thermodome (which was succeeded by the Thermowell), before it was to be turned off completely while the food continued to cook on retained heat. By 1927, Chambers published a cookbook for the homemaker to not only help her learn how to care for and operate the appliance, but also to assist her in menu planning, proper table setting, etc. This publication was called The Idle Hour Cookbook. The Idle Hour Cookbook was replaced in the late 1960s by Rangaire with an actual operation manual.

The most updated version of these was the C-series. Up to the early 1930s, Chambers offered up to two dozen different models for different size homes. In 1935, Chambers built its final large, industrial-sized units, called the Imperial line, for use in hotels, restaurants, dormitory kitchens, tea rooms, road houses, large homes, etc.

All residential Chambers ranges beginning with what is now referred to as the A-series (circa 1936) had a top-mounted griddle/broiler. Most models came with a recessed slow cooker called a Thermowell (descendant of the earlier Thermodome) for cooking soups, stews, etc., using special aluminum kettles designed and built for Chambers by the Wearever Corporation. The Thermowell was completely redesigned for the model C for improved performance. With a special accessory called a Thermobaker, it could even be used as a second oven.

In 2015, the Chambers brand was purchased by J.A.K. North America Inc. in Canada, and licensed by J.A.K. North America Inc. in the U.S. They released Chambers branded refrigerators with retro stylings.

## Features

While not all models had all the following features, most of the more commonly sold Chambers ranges included:

* Basket-style oven racks.
* Built-in lights.
* Child-protective locking thumb-latches on all gas valves.
* Chrome-Plated cooktop, which Chambers called "Durachrome".
* Full porcelain finishes - guaranteed by the factory for 25 years.
* Heat from Range vented out through the backsplash, enabling it to be set flush to the wall
* Mechanical Timer, which Chambers called a "Minute Minder".
* Multi-fuel design - able to operate on natural gas, propane, butane.
* Patented "daisy" burners - efficient and uniform in their distribution of heat.
* Some of the first built-in ovens and cooktops (early 1950s) made in America.
* Teardrop design gas handles.
* The use of "ThermalEye" (1950s) - developed by Robertshaw and marketed by Chambers as "The Burner With A Brain", this device made it possible to set the desired cooking temperature of a pot that had been placed on the special burner on the top of the range, and the heat would be regulated automatically.
* Thermobaker insert for the Thermowell - enabled baking of small items and meals in the Thermowell.
* Thermowell - a built-in slow cooker, similar in function to a crockpot.
* Top Burner Pilot - could be used as a warming burner.
* Utility (Service) Cabinet - designed for access to the inner mechanisms and gas pipes of the range, and for storage of pots, pans, and Thermowell kettles. Misunderstood by some to be a warming oven.
* Wide grates designed to accommodate any size cooking utensil.

## Popularity

Famous owners of Chambers ranges included Lee DeForest and Mrs. Harvey W. Wiley, well-known American housewife in the 1920s. A Chambers oven can also be found in the home of the late Sam Rayburn.

The Chambers Range was awarded the Good Housekeeping Institute's Seal of Approval in 1925, was awarded the Grand Prize and Gold Medal for distinguished service at the International Exposition in Paris, France, 1937, and was featured at the World's Fair Exposition of 1939 in New York City.

Demand for refurbished Chambers stoves remains high - some of the Imperial models have been restored and sold for prices up to US$17,000, though selling prices of unrestored residential models is far less. Increased interest in the Chambers Range may be due to its exposure on the televised cooking show of Rachael Ray.

Websites for fans of vintage Chambers products have been developed in order to provide general information about them to those on the internet. Links to service technicians, sources for parts, as well as operational literature may also be found there. Also helpful are the pictorial documentaries on the restoration of Chambers ranges by their owners. In addition to websites such as these, at least two active Internet Forums exist for those interested in older Chambers products. There, people can find recipes, repair tips, cooking techniques, and restoration advice.

## InfoBox

Chambers Corporation
|
|  |
| Company type | Defunct |
| Industry | Appliances |
| Founded | 1910 |
| Fate | Closed down in c. 1988 |
| Headquarters | Shelbyville, Indiana, United States |
| Products | gas stoves, electric stoves, built-in electric and gas cooktops and ovens, kitchen hoods, dishwashers |


title: Żuków Pierwszy

abstract: Żuków Pierwszy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzczonów, within Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Żuków Pierwszy uses Central European Summer Time.

text:
# Żuków Pierwszy

**Żuków Pierwszy** \[ˈʐukuf ˈpjɛrfʂɨ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzczonów, within Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Żuków Pierwszy uses Central European Summer Time.

## InfoBox

| Żuków Pierwszy | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Żuków Pierwszy | |
| Coordinates: 51°02′04″N 22°46′02″E / 51.03444°N 22.76722°E / 51.03444; 22.76722 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lublin |
| County | Lublin |
| Gmina | Krzczonów |


title: The Marine Society College of the Sea

abstract: The Marine Society College of the Sea is a distance learning further education college for those who make their living at sea. The college is owned and operated by The Marine Society, and is located at 202 Lambeth Road, in the London Borough of Lambeth.

text:
# The Marine Society College of the Sea

**The Marine Society College of the Sea** is a distance learning further education college for those who make their living at sea. The college is owned and operated by The Marine Society, and is located at 202 Lambeth Road, in the London Borough of Lambeth.

## Description

The college is used by members of the Royal Navy and the British Merchant Navy, as well as all seafarers – wherever they may serve and in whatever capacity. Courses offered by the college include GCSEs, A Levels, short adult education courses, and specialised diplomas relating to shipping. There is also a range of higher education courses offered in conjunction with City University London, Middlesex University and the Open University.

The colleges provision is focused on the needs of seafarers and shore-based maritime professionals, and is provided via a range of services which are designed to enhance learning and well-being, and to facilitate professional development.

51°29′44″N 0°06′59″W / 51.4955°N 0.1164°W / 51.4955; -0.1164


title: Delia Lawrie

abstract: Delia Phoebe Lawrie is an Australian politician. She was a member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 2001 to 2016, representing the electorate of Karama. She was a Labor member from 2001 to 2015, and served as party leader and Leader of the Opposition from 2012 to 2015. On 10 October 2015, following her loss of Labor preselection to recontest her seat at the 2016 election, she resigned from the party to sit as an independent.

text:
# Delia Lawrie

**Delia Phoebe Lawrie** (born 30 July 1966) is an Australian politician. She was a member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 2001 to 2016, representing the electorate of Karama. She was a Labor member from 2001 to 2015, and served as party leader and Leader of the Opposition from 2012 to 2015. On 10 October 2015, following her loss of Labor preselection to recontest her seat at the 2016 election, she resigned from the party to sit as an independent.

## Early life

Born in the original Darwin Hospital, she attended Nightcliff Primary and Nightcliff Middle School. She then worked as a journalist and then as an industrial officer before entering Parliament.

## Political career

Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
| Years | Term | Electoral division | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 20012005 | 9th | Karama |  | Labor |
| 20052008 | 10th | Karama |  | Labor |
| 20082012 | 11th | Karama |  | Labor |
| 20122015 | 12th | Karama |  | Labor |
| 20152016 | *Changed allegiance to:* | |  | Independent |

After Territory Labor won the second-largest majority government in the history of the Territory at the 2005 election, Lawrie was promoted to Chief Minister Clare Martin's cabinet as Minister for Family and Community Services and Minister for Sport and Recreation. In a 2006 cabinet reshuffle, she dropped Sport and Recreation and added Lands and Planning, Transport, and Multicultural Affairs.

Martin retired in 2007, and was succeeded by Paul Henderson. Following the resignation of Deputy Chief Minister Marion Scrymgour, Henderson named Lawrie deputy leader and hence Deputy Chief Minister. She also served as Treasurer, Attorney-General and Minister for Justice. Following 25 August 2012 territory elections at which Labor was defeated, Henderson resigned as party leader and Lawrie was elected as his replacement.

In 2012, the Henderson Labor government granted Unions NT a rent-free ten-year lease of the historic Stella Maris site in Darwin. An inquiry into the circumstances of the grant was initiated by the CLP government after the 2012 territory election, and commissioner John Lawler found that the process was not transparent, and that the conduct of Lawrie (then treasurer) and Gerry McCarthy (then lands minister) in relation to the grant was "not accountable or responsible". Lawrie claimed she had been denied procedural fairness, and took the case to the NT Supreme Court, which dismissed her case on 1 April 2015. Attorney-general John Elferink then referred Lawrie to the Northern Territory Police for investigation of "possible breaches of the criminal law". After the failure of the Supreme Court case, the Labor caucus announced it had lost confidence in Lawrie's leadership, and passed a spill motion. Michael Gunner announced that he would challenge Lawrie for the leadership. However, on 19 April, Lawrie announced she was resigning as leader to focus on the legal investigation, leaving Gunner to take the leadership unopposed. Lawrie is the first Territory Labor leader who did not take the party into an election.

She declined a place in Gunner's shadow ministry and became the only backbench member of the eight-member ALP Caucus.

In October 2015, the NT branch of the Labor Party disendorsed Lawrie due to concerns that her legal issues were harming Labor's election chances. Labor instead preselected Ngaree Ah Kit as its candidate in Karama at the next election. A few days after being disendorsed, Lawrie resigned from the Labor Party, and stated that she would consider recontesting her seat as an independent candidate at the next election. She was narrowly defeated by Ah Kit at the election on preferences.

In May 2019, leaked text messages suggested that Lawrie was behind a move to oust Michael Gunner, the man who ousted her as Labor leader, as Chief Minister and replace him with Infrastructure Minister Eva Lawler. Lawler denied any moves to oust Gunner. Lawrie ruled out running as an independent in the 2020 election after becoming NT manager of the non-government organisation Child Wise.

In March 2020, she became the senior adviser to Terry Mills, leader of the Territory Alliance party.

## Personal life

Delia Lawrie is the daughter of former Northern Territory politician Dawn Lawrie.

## InfoBox

| Delia Lawrie | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 10th Leader of the Opposition in the Northern Territory | |
| **In office**
29 August 2012  20 April 2015 | |
| Deputy | Gerry McCarthy |
| Preceded by | Terry Mills |
| Succeeded by | Michael Gunner |
| Member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
for Karama | |
| **In office**
18 August 2001  27 August 2016 | |
| Preceded by | Mick Palmer |
| Succeeded by | Ngaree Ah Kit |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Delia Phoebe Lawrie
(1966-07-30) 30 July 1966
Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia |
| Political party | Labor Party (until 2015)
Independent (from 2015) |
| Relations | Dawn Lawrie (mother) |
| Children | Three |
| Occupation | Journalist |
|  | |


title: Scrubs Magazine

abstract: Scrubs Magazine is a lifestyle magazine and website for nurses, which premiered November 15, 2009. The quarterly magazine, which covers a range of lifestyle topics including beauty, money, style, health, and wellness, is audited by Business Publications Audit (BPA) Worldwide. Scrubs magazine has a paid circulation of 371,082 for the period ending December 31, 2011. It is distributed to select nursing students, VIP nursing school administrators, key nursing associations, and over 1,500 nursing apparel stores nationwide. The Scrubs website features breaking news in the medical field, industry news, and conversations with nurse influencers. It has an average monthly traffic of 2 million. Its social channels include: Funny Nurses, Scrubs Magazine, Men in Nursing, Soy Enfermer, Student Nurses and has an average follower base of 5 million users.

text:
# Scrubs Magazine

***Scrubs Magazine*** is a lifestyle magazine and website for nurses, which premiered November 15, 2009. The quarterly magazine, which covers a range of lifestyle topics including beauty, money, style, health, and wellness, is audited by Business Publications Audit (BPA) Worldwide. Scrubs magazine has a paid circulation of 371,082 for the period ending December 31, 2011. It is distributed to select nursing students, VIP nursing school administrators, key nursing associations, and over 1,500 nursing apparel stores nationwide.

The Scrubs website features breaking news in the medical field, industry news, and conversations with nurse influencers. It has an average monthly traffic of 2 million. Its social channels include: Funny Nurses, Scrubs Magazine, Men in Nursing, Soy Enfermer, Student Nurses and has an average follower base of 5 million users.

## Concept

Strategic Partners, Inc. (SPI) – a nursing apparel and footwear company in the United States and manufacturer/distributor of scrubs – is the Publisher. The concept for *Scrubs* was created by Michael Singer of SPI now Careismatic Brands.

## InfoBox

*Scrubs Magazine*
| Frequency | Quarterly |
| --- | --- |
| First issue | November 15, 2009 (2009-11-15) |
| Country | United States |
| Based in | Santa Monica, California |
| Language | English |
| Website | scrubsmag.com |


title: Faro Island tree frog

abstract: The Faro Island tree frog, also known as Solomon Islands treefrog, is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae. It is found in Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# Faro Island tree frog

The **Faro Island tree frog** (*Ranoidea lutea*), also known as **Solomon Islands treefrog**, is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae. It is found in Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| Faro Island tree frog | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| *Clade*: | Ranoidea |
| Species: | ***R. lutea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Ranoidea lutea***
(Boulenger, 1887) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Hyla lutea* Boulenger, 1887 * *Litoria lutea* (Boulenger, 1887) | |


title: Lassipora

abstract: Lassipora, also known as Lassipur, is a sub tehsil in Pulwama district of Jammu Kashmir, India. It is located 8 km towards southeast of Pulwama and 19 km towards west of Anantnag.

text:
# Lassipora

**Lassipora**, also known as **Lassipur**, is a sub tehsil in Pulwama district of Jammu Kashmir, India. It is located 8 km towards southeast of Pulwama and 19 km towards west of Anantnag.

## InfoBox

| Lassipora Lassipur | |
| --- | --- |
| Sub Tehsil | |
| LassiporaLocation in Jammu and KashmirLassiporaLassipora (India) | |
| Coordinates: 33°48′48″N 74°56′27″E / 33.8134°N 74.9408°E / 33.8134; 74.9408 | |
| Country | India |
| Union Territory | Jammu and Kashmir |
| Tehsil | Shahoora |
| District | Pulwama |
| Languages | |
| Official | Kashmiri, Urdu, Hindi, Dogri, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 192301 |


title: Chicken & Biscuits (play)

abstract:
Chicken & Biscuits is a play by Douglas Lyons that made its Broadway debut in 2021 at the Circle in the Square Theatre. The comedy's planned four-month run was cut short due to the challenges surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic.
Lyons made his Broadway debut as a playwright ten years after he did so as an actor in The Book of Mormon. The fall 2021 featured seven other Black playwrights, a Broadway record, and Zhailon Levingston was Broadway's youngest Black director. The Broadway production starred Norm Lewis and Michael Urie in the story of a New Haven pastor's funeral that was disrupted by family drama. Prior to its Broadway engagement, Chicken & Biscuits debuted at the Queens Theatre in the Park on February 28, 2020, and was the latter's first Broadway transfer.

text:
# Chicken & Biscuits (play)

***Chicken & Biscuits*** is a play by Douglas Lyons that made its Broadway debut in 2021 at the Circle in the Square Theatre. The comedy's planned four-month run was cut short due to the challenges surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Lyons made his Broadway debut as a playwright ten years after he did so as an actor in *The Book of Mormon.* The fall 2021 featured seven other Black playwrights, a Broadway record, and Zhailon Levingston was Broadway's youngest Black director.

The Broadway production starred Norm Lewis and Michael Urie in the story of a New Haven pastor's funeral that was disrupted by family drama.

Prior to its Broadway engagement, *Chicken & Biscuits* debuted at the Queens Theatre in the Park on February 28, 2020, and was the latter's first Broadway transfer.

## InfoBox

| Chicken and Biscuits | |
| --- | --- |
| Written by | Douglas Lyons |
| Date premiered | February 28, 2020 |
| Place premiered | Queens Theatre in the Park |


title: Centerfold (group)

abstract: Centerfold was a Dutch female pop trio that scored a string of hit records in the Netherlands during the mid to late 1980s. The original line-up consisted of Laura Fygi, Rowan Moore and Cecilia de la Rie.

text:
# Centerfold (group)

**Centerfold** was a Dutch female pop trio that scored a string of hit records in the Netherlands during the mid to late 1980s. The original line-up consisted of Laura Fygi, Rowan Moore and Cecilia de la Rie.

## Biography

### Debut single and Playboy shoot

Their first single *Bad Boy* was accompanied by a spicy photoshoot for the Dutch *Playboy* in 1984. The ladies performed their song naked in the popular TV-show TopPop, and soon Centerfold became a household name through their sex kitten image.

### Breakthrough

The single *Dictator* marked the breakthrough of the group and reached Number 6 in the Dutch Top 40 and Number 19 in the Belgium Top 30. Also other European countries showed interest, and Centerfold performed the song for the German TV show WWF Club. More hits followed, such as *Up and Coming* and a cover of the Golden Earring classic *Radar Love*. Björn Ulvaeus and Benny Anderson of ABBA fame wrote a follow-up single for the girls, *Bitch When I See Red*. In 1987, a debut album titled *Man's Ruin* saw the light of release, which fared reasonably well in the Dutch album charts.

### New line-up

In 1988, Cecilia de la Rie decided to leave the group and was replaced by Sandra Noach. In this new line-up, they released a single in April 1989, *Play the Game*. Shortly after the release, Noach committed suicide, which ended the group indefinitely. The already recorded second album *Whistling at the Wolves* was canceled by the record company.

## Life after Centerfold

Rowan Moore and Laura Fygi founded The Backlot and made one album called *The Backlot* and two singles: *Tower of Love* (#76 in the Dutch Single Top 100) and *The Goodbye*. Cecilia de la Rie started a new group called Red Cinder and released a mini-album in 1992. Both bands did not live a long life.

Red Bullet Records released a *Best Of* CD of the group in 1992. Laura Fygi went on to become a highly acclaimed jazz singer. Rowan Moore made her debut as a television moderator for Dutch broadcasting association VPRO and commercial TV.

## Discography

### Singles

* 1984 *Bad Boy* (Netherlands #41)
* 1984 *Pump It Up*
* 1985 *Rough*
* 1985 *Sexual Wonder Land EP* (Japanese release)
* 1986 *Dictator* (Belgium #19 / Netherlands #6 / Netherlands Dance Charts #3)
* 1986 *Up and Coming* (Belgium #30 / Netherlands #28)
* 1986 *Radar Love* (Belgium #11 / Netherlands #14)
* 1987 *Bitch When I See Red*
* 1987 *S.O.S. Mozambique* (Netherlands #18 - Dutch Artists Sing for Mozambique)
* 1987 *Intimate Climate* (Netherlands #36)
* 1988 *Money* (Netherlands #50)
* 1989 *Play the Game* (Netherlands #35)

### Albums

* 1987 *Man's Ruin* (Netherlands #67)
* 1989 *Whistling at the Wolves* (canceled)
* 1992 *Best of Centerfold*
* 1998 *Man's Ruin (incl. bonus tracks)* (reissue)

## InfoBox

| Centerfold | |
| --- | --- |
| Laura Fygi (l), Rowan Moore (c), Cecilia de la Rie (r) | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Netherlands |
| Genres | Pop, dance |
| Years active | 1984-1989 |
| Labels | Ariola / Injection Disco Dance / Red Bullet Records / CBS |
|  | |
| Members | Laura Fygi
Rowan Moore
Cecilia de la Rie
Sandra Noach (1988-1989) |
|  | |
| Website | Tribute site |


title: Richard M. Givan

abstract: Richard Martin Givan served as the 96th Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court from January 6, 1969, until his retirement December 31, 1994. He served as chief justice from 1974 until March 1987.

text:
# Richard M. Givan

**Richard Martin Givan** (June 7, 1921 – July 22, 2009) served as the 96th Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court from January 6, 1969, until his retirement December 31, 1994. He served as chief justice from 1974 until March 1987.

## Early life

Givan was born June 7, 1921, in Indianapolis. He graduated from Decatur Central High School in Indianapolis in 1939. He received an LL.B. from Indiana University in 1951, and was admitted to the Indiana bar in 1952.

While he was a law student, he was assistant librarian for the Indiana Supreme Court in 1949, and then became a research assistant for the Indiana Supreme Court. He was appointed deputy public defender of Indiana after graduation from law school and served in that post until 1954.

## Career

From 1954 to 1966, he was Assistant Attorney General of Indiana, pleading cases before both the Indiana and Supreme Courts. In 1967, he was a representative and ranking member of the Judiciary Committee in the Indiana Legislature. He was elected to the Indiana Supreme Court in 1968 and served continuously until his retirement in December 1994. He was also chairman of the Board of Directors of the Indiana Judicial Conference from 1974 to 1987, served on the Board of Managers of the Indiana Judges Association from 1975 to 1987, and became an Indiana Judicial College Graduate in 1989.

In addition to his legal career, Givan served as a pilot in the U.S. United States Army Air Forces during World War II and was later a flight instructor with the Air Forces Reservists.

## Controversy

In 1984, a group known as "Remember Baby Doe - Retire Judge Givan Committee" sought to ouster Givan from his position as Chief Justice after the Indiana Supreme Court refused to hear a case regarding the death of an infant with Down syndrome. The group placed several advertisements in Indiana newspapers and asked voters to oppose Givan in the November 6 election. Givan denied claims that the decision established "quality of life" as a judicial criterion. Givan explained that the Supreme Court was only asked to determine if the original court had jurisdiction over the matter.

## Death

Richard Givan died on July 21, 2009, in Plainfield, Indiana. On July 23, 2009, Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels ordered all flags at the Statehouse and across the state be flown at half-mast as a tribute to Chief Justice Givan. The flags were to remain at half-mast through July 28, 2009, the date of Givan's funeral.

## InfoBox

| Richard M. Givan | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Indiana Supreme Court Chief Justice | |
| **In office**
1974  March, 1987 | |
| Preceded by | Norman Arterburn |
| Succeeded by | Randall T. Shepard |
| Indiana Supreme Court Justice | |
| **In office**
January 6, 1969  December 31, 1994 | |
| Preceded by | David Lewis |
| Succeeded by | Myra Selby |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1921-06-07)June 7, 1921
Indianapolis, Indiana |
| Died | July 22, 2009(2009-07-22) (aged 88)
Plainfield, Indiana |
| Alma mater | Indiana University |
| Occupation | Lawyer
Judge |
|  | |


title: Dog Bone Lake (Nevada)

abstract: Dog Bone Lake is a dog bone-shaped topographic flat with two larger ends connected by a narrow body, which are two of the three eponymic features of their namesake, the Three Lakes Valley, Nevada.

text:
# Dog Bone Lake (Nevada)

**Dog Bone Lake** is a dog bone-shaped topographic flat with two larger ends connected by a narrow body, which are two of the three eponymic features of their namesake, the Three Lakes Valley, Nevada.

## InfoBox

| Dog Bone Lake | |
| --- | --- |
| Dog Bone LakeLocation in Nevada | |
| Location | Three Lakes Valley, Nevada |
| Coordinates | 36°42′58″N 115°26′51″W / 36.71611°N 115.44750°W / 36.71611; -115.44750 |
| Basin countries | United States |
|  | |
| Max. length | ~10 mi (16 km) |
| Surface elevation | 3,415 ft (1,041 m) |
|  | |
| References | U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Dog Bone Lake (Nevada) |


title: Delia Haak

abstract: Delia J. Haak is a Republican state legislator in Arkansas. She represents the 17th District covering part of Benton County, Arkansas in the Arkansas House of Representatives. She has worked at John Brown University since 1985. She is married and owns a farm with her husband. She graduated from John Brown University and then the University of Arkansas. She won the seat previously held by Dan M. Douglas who retired from the House. She supports school choice.

text:
# Delia Haak

**Delia J. Haak** is a Republican state legislator in Arkansas. She represents the 17th District covering part of Benton County, Arkansas in the Arkansas House of Representatives. She has worked at John Brown University since 1985. She is married and owns a farm with her husband. She graduated from John Brown University and then the University of Arkansas.

She won the seat previously held by Dan M. Douglas who retired from the House. She supports school choice.


title: Caple Donaldson

abstract: Caple Donaldson was a Jamaican footballer who last played as a striker for Reno.

text:
# Caple Donaldson

**Caple Donaldson** (5 October 1966 – January 2008) was a Jamaican footballer who last played as a striker for Reno.

## Career

Donaldson started his career with Jamaican side Reno, helping them win 3 consecutive top flight titles, their only top flight titles. In 2009, Donaldson's number 7 jersey was retired after his death.

## InfoBox

Caple Donaldson
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1966-10-05)5 October 1966 | | |
| Place of birth | Jamaica | | |
| Date of death | January 2008(2008-01-00) (aged 41) | | |
| Place of death | Jamaica | | |
| Position(s) | Striker | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 0000–1995 | Reno |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1991 | Jamaica | 2 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Sendener Bach

abstract: Sendener Bach is a small southern tributary of the Pfaffenrieder Bach, located in southeastern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows through the town of Bad Wurzach in the Ravensburg district, eventually passing near Konradsweiler in the Spindelwag district of the Rot an der Rot community in the Biberach district. The waterway is known as the Marienauer Bächle for the first third of its route.

text:
# Sendener Bach

**Sendener Bach** is a small southern tributary of the Pfaffenrieder Bach, located in southeastern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows through the town of Bad Wurzach in the Ravensburg district, eventually passing near Konradsweiler in the Spindelwag district of the Rot an der Rot community in the Biberach district. The waterway is known as the *Marienauer Bächle* for the first third of its route.

## Course

The *Marienauer Bächle* starts at the Charterhouse of Marienau and flows steadily northwards. It first passes through a forested area, briefly extending into the municipal area of Aitrach on the right bank, and then continues through open terrain to the L 314 Baierz-Treherz.

Flowing northward through Hauerz, Sendener Bach forms the border on the right with the Spindelwag district of Rot an der Rot. Eventually, the stream flows into the Pfaffenrieder Bach near the village of Konradsweiler after covering a distance of 9.1 kilometers. The Pfaffenrieder Bach is not much longer than Sendener Bach up to this point.

## Story

In 1665, the princely family of Waldburg-Zeil built a large bathing facility near a healing spring in Hauerz. Noblemen used the healing water for medical treatment and entertainment. Ten years later, in 1675, the Wurzach line of the house of Waldburg acquired the bathing facility. This bathing facility was near the present-day Gasthof zum Adler, close to the Badelinde. There has never been a reliable chemical analysis of the healing water.

## InfoBox

| Sendener Bach | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Baden-Württemberg |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth |  |
| location | Pfaffenrieder Bach |
| coordinates | 47°58′38″N 9°59′07″E / 47.97722°N 9.98528°E / 47.97722; 9.98528 |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Pfaffenrieder BachRotDanubeBlack Sea |


title: Solar Shade Control Act

abstract:
The Solar Shade Control Act was passed by the California state legislature and signed by Governor Jerry Brown in 1978 to give solar collectors access to sunlight. The act limits blocking access to solar collectors by trees on an adjacent property,
and formerly provided criminal penalties for violation. The solar collectors may be used for water heating, space heating or cooling, or electricity generation. The law was amended in 2009, allowing trees to remain, if they were planted before the solar collector was installed. The amendment also changed violations from criminal to a civil matter.

text:
# Solar Shade Control Act

The **Solar Shade Control Act** was passed by the California state legislature and signed by Governor Jerry Brown in 1978 to give solar collectors access to sunlight. The act limits blocking access to solar collectors by trees on an adjacent property, and formerly provided criminal penalties for violation. The solar collectors may be used for water heating, space heating or cooling, or electricity generation.

The law was amended in 2009, allowing trees to remain, if they were planted before the solar collector was installed. The amendment also changed violations from criminal to a civil matter.

## Application

The law attracted little attention until 2008, when a dispute in Sunnyvale, California ended up in court. The tree owners spent $37,000 on attorney fees, before trimming their trees.

In Culver City, California, a furniture and cabinet maker spent $80,000 in May 2006 on solar panels to reduce his electric bill. The system worked well for two years, until his neighbor spent $60,000 to plant palm trees along the property line. The city became involved in trying to negotiate a compromise.

In a 1986 dispute in involving two Stanford professors, the Court of Appeals of California, Sixth District ruled in *Sher v. Leiderman* that the law only applied to solar collectors, and not to homes designed to be passively heated by sunlight. The court reasoned that applying the act to passively heated homes would have given protection to all homes with windows facing south.


title: Cephalotes palustris

abstract: Cephalotes palustris is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head, and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they are on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.

text:
# Cephalotes palustris

***Cephalotes palustris*** is a species of arboreal ant of the genus *Cephalotes*, characterized by an odd shaped head, and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they are on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.

## InfoBox

| *Cephalotes palustris* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Genus: | *Cephalotes* |
| Species: | ***C. palustris*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cephalotes palustris***<br>De Andrade, 1999 | |
|


title: Richard M. Freeland

abstract: Richard Middleton Freeland was president of Northeastern University from 1996 to 2006 and served as the Commissioner of Higher Education for Massachusetts from 2008 until 2015. Freeland grew up in Mountain Lakes, New Jersey, and was a 1959 graduate of Mountain Lakes High School; he was inducted into the school's hall of fame in 2014. He was granted a bachelor's degree in American Studies from Amherst College and a doctorate in American Civilization from the University of Pennsylvania. Freeland is married to Elsa Nunez, and has two children. Freeland's maternal grandmother Georgie Boynton Child was the author of The Efficient Kitchen: Definite Directions for the Planning, Arranging, and Equipping of the Modern Labor Saving Kitchen; A Practical Book for the Homemaker (1914) During Freeland's tenure, Northeastern University went through major institutional changes, including becoming a more selective institution, moving to semesters from quarters, and the opening of over $400 million worth of new facilities.

text:
# Richard M. Freeland

**Richard Middleton Freeland** (born May 13, 1941) was president of Northeastern University from 1996 to 2006 and served as the Commissioner of Higher Education for Massachusetts from 2008 until 2015.

Freeland grew up in Mountain Lakes, New Jersey, and was a 1959 graduate of Mountain Lakes High School; he was inducted into the school's hall of fame in 2014. He was granted a bachelor's degree in American Studies from Amherst College and a doctorate in American Civilization from the University of Pennsylvania.

Freeland is married to Elsa Nunez, and has two children. Freeland's maternal grandmother Georgie Boynton Child was the author of *The Efficient Kitchen: Definite Directions for the Planning, Arranging, and Equipping of the Modern Labor Saving Kitchen; A Practical Book for the Homemaker* (1914)

During Freeland's tenure, Northeastern University went through major institutional changes, including becoming a more selective institution, moving to semesters from quarters, and the opening of over $400 million worth of new facilities.

## Educational positions

* Clark University – Worcester (2007–2009)
    + Mosakowski Professor of Higher Education
* University of Massachusetts Boston (1970–1992)
    + Assistant to the president
    + Assistant to the chancellor
    + Director of the Office of Educational Planning
    + Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences
* City University of New York (1992–1996)
    + Vice chancellor for academic affairs
* Northeastern University
    + President (1996–2006)
* Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department of Higher Education
    + Commissioner of Higher Education (2008–2015)

## Other positions

* Vice-chair, board of trustees for the Boston Plan for Excellence
* Director, American Council on Education
* Director, Boston Museum Project
* Director, Boston Private Industry Council
* Director, Globe Newspaper Corporation
* Director, Jobs for Massachusetts
* Governing board member, John Adams Innovation Institute
* Member of the board of trustees, WGBH
* President, board of governors in the World Association of Cooperative Education

## Books

* *The Truman Doctrine and the Origins of McCarthyism* (1972)
* *Academia's Golden Age: Universities in Massachusetts, 1945-1970* (1992)
* Richard M. Freeland (2019). *Transforming the Urban University: Northeastern, 1996-2006*. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0812251210.

1. "Biography of Richard M. Freeland". Archived from the original on 2006-09-03. Retrieved 2007-05-06.
2. "High education commissioner Richard Freeland to step down - the Boston Globe". *The Boston Globe*.
3. Alumni Hall of Fame Richard Freeland Class of 1959 Archived 2023-04-06 at the Wayback Machine, Mountain Lakes High School. Accessed September 8, 2019.
4. The Carol R. Goldberg Seminars: Steering Committee Biographies, The Boston Foundation, backed up by the Internet Archive as of September 27, 2007. Accessed January 11, 2015. "Born and raised in Mountain Lakes, New Jersey, Freeland received a bachelor’s degree in American Studies from Amherst College in 1963 and a doctorate in American Civilization from the University of Pennsylvania in 1968."
5. "Northeastern University". Archived from the original on 2007-04-28. Retrieved 2007-05-06.
6. "Clark University | Mosakowski Institute". *www.clarku.edu*. Archived from the original on 2008-07-06.

## InfoBox

| Richard Middleton Freeland | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Higher Education | |
| **In office**
2008–2015 | |
| Succeeded by | Carlos E. Santiago |
| 6th President of
Northeastern University | |
| **In office**
1996–2006 | |
| Preceded by | John A. Curry |
| Succeeded by | Joseph Aoun |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | May 13, 1941
Orange, New Jersey |
| Alma mater | Amherst College, University of Pennsylvania |
|  | |


title: Sigma 30mm F1.4 DC DN

abstract: The Sigma 30mm F1.4 DC DN Contemporary lens is a fixed maximum aperture standard prime lens for Sony E, Micro Four-Thirds, Canon EF-M, and Leica L mounts, announced by Sigma in February 2016. The lens is the mirrorless equivalent of the Sigma 30mm f/1.4 EX DC HSM, a similar lens of a different optical formula optimized for traditional mirror DSLRs.

text:
# Sigma 30mm F1.4 DC DN

The **Sigma 30mm F1.4 DC DN Contemporary** lens is a fixed maximum aperture standard prime lens for Sony E, Micro Four-Thirds, Canon EF-M, and Leica L mounts, announced by Sigma in February 2016.

The lens is the mirrorless equivalent of the Sigma 30mm f/1.4 EX DC HSM, a similar lens of a different optical formula optimized for traditional mirror DSLRs.

## Build quality

The lens showcases a matte black plastic exterior with the Sigma Contemporary "C" badge on the side of the lens. It features a large manual focus ring and a detachable barrel-type lens hood. The lens is the updated version of the Sigma 30mm F2.8 Art lens, including autofocus and improving upon overall image quality, sharpness, and a faster maximum aperture.

## Image quality

The lens is exceptionally sharp, even when stopped down to its maximum aperture of f/1.4. The lens also excels in low-light photography given its fast maximum aperture of f/1.4, resulting in creamy smooth bokeh and thin depth‑of‑field.

The lens suffers from moderate barrel distortion and minor vignetting when at f/1.4 (which can be resolved by stopping down to f/2.8). Hints of chromatic aberration can be noted appearing in the corners of the frame when at f/1.4.

## InfoBox

Sigma 30mm F1.4 DC DN
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Maker | Sigma |
| Lens mount(s) | Canon EF-M, Leica L, Micro Four Thirds, Sony E |
| Technical data | |
| Type | Prime |
| Focus drive | Stepper motor |
| Focal length | 30mm |
| Focal length (35mm equiv.) | 45mm |
| Image format | APS-C |
| Aperture (max/min) | f/1.4 - 16.0 |
| Close focus distance | 0.30 metres (0.98 ft) |
| Max. magnification | 1:7 (0.14x) |
| Diaphragm blades | 9 |
| Construction | 9 elements in 7 groups |
| Features | |
| Manual focus override | Yes |
| Weather-sealing | No |
| Lens-based stabilization | No |
| Aperture ring | No |
| Application | Multipurpose |
| Physical | |
| Max. length | 73.0 millimetres (2.87 in) |
| Diameter | 65.0 millimetres (2.56 in) |
| Weight | 264 grams (0.582 lb) |
| Filter diameter | 52mm |
| Accessories | |
| Lens hood | Barrel-type |
| History | |
| Introduction | 2016 |
| Retail info | |
| MSRP | $339USD |


title: The Motet

abstract: The Motet is an American funk, soul and jazz influenced group based in Denver, Colorado. Founded in 1998 by drummer and bandleader Dave Watts, The Motet is Watts, guitarist Ryan Jalbert, bassist Garrett Sayers, keyboardist Joey Porter, saxophonist Drew Sayers and singer Sarah Clarke. Known for energetic live shows including an annual Halloween concert, the band has released seven studio albums. Their 2014 self-titled album was co-written and produced by all the band members, and was cut on analog recording equipment to capture their instruments' live sounds. They continue to tour nationally and have performed at festivals such as Bonnaroo, Electric Forest Festival, High Sierra Music Festival, North Coast Music Festival, Wakarusa, Rooster Walk, and Summer Camp Festival.

text:
# The Motet

**The Motet** is an American funk, soul and jazz influenced group based in Denver, Colorado. Founded in 1998 by drummer and bandleader Dave Watts, The Motet is Watts, guitarist Ryan Jalbert, bassist Garrett Sayers, keyboardist Joey Porter, saxophonist Drew Sayers and singer Sarah Clarke.

Known for energetic live shows including an annual Halloween concert, the band has released seven studio albums. Their 2014 self-titled album was co-written and produced by all the band members, and was cut on analog recording equipment to capture their instruments' live sounds. They continue to tour nationally and have performed at festivals such as Bonnaroo, Electric Forest Festival, High Sierra Music Festival, North Coast Music Festival, Wakarusa, Rooster Walk, and Summer Camp Festival.

## History

### 1998–2004: Founding and first albums

The Motet was founded in Boulder, Colorado, in 1998 by drummer and arranger Dave Watts as a musical collective with a rotating cast of musicians. By 2000 the group had changed its name to The Motet and become a sextet consisting of Watts on drums, percussionist and vocalist Jans Ingber, percussionist Scott Messersmith, guitarist Mike Tiernen, bassist Kurt Reeber, and organist-keyboardist Steve Vidiac. Watts, Ingber, and Messersmith had also traveled to Cuba twice to study bata drums of the Santeria religion, which at the time heavily influenced the band's sound, as can be heard on their first two albums.

The Dave Watts Motet first performed together on Halloween 1998, and at that time were incorporating elements of funk, jazz, folk, and world music into their sound. Watts wrote and arranged the majority of their early music for a rotating lineup of musicians, throwing energetic local dance parties. Their debut release, *Breathe*, was self-released in 1999, and produced entirely by Watts.

The band released their second album, *Play*, on aNOnym reCOrds in 2001, which was followed in 2002 by the album *Live*, their first record on Harmonized Records. *Music for Life*, released in 2004, was also on Harmonized Records. Also in 2004, the band self-released the DVD *Shine*, which was produced by James Marshello.

### 2006: *Instrumental Dissent*

On September 12, 2006, they released their studio album *Instrumental Dissent*. While the album is largely instrumental, the voices of activists such as Harry Belafonte, Alice Walker, and Noam Chomsky are woven into many of the songs. Allmusic gave release 3.5/5 stars and largely positive review, writing "Motet gets off to an impressive start as the opening salvo of tunes darts between funk, Afro-beat, Latin and world sounds with a slight underpinning of electronic touches, all driven by a nimble yet fiery attack." Allmusic praised the production and audio quality as well, stating "Many of the tracks blend into each other, creating a near seamless whole." Allmusic criticized the slower pace in the latter half of the disc, stating the album "loses some of the imagination, if not steam, of the early tunes, becoming a solid yet rather conventional work from a jazz-funk fusion outfit." However, "Scott Messersmith's bubbling percussion and drummer Dave Watts' elastic beats keep the heat turned up even when the tracks tend to extend longer than needed."

### 2009: *Dig Deep*

Around half of The Motet's self-released 2009 album *Dig Deep* features compositions written and arranged by Watts, with the drummer turned producer utilizing Ableton Live to add an electronica sound to various tracks. Allmusic gave *Dig Deep* 3/5 stars, stating "Covers of three Fela Kuti tunes show that this funk-world ensemble's heart lies in the tough, often horn-driven Afro-beat that dominates this set." The review acknowledges the new touches of techno, stating that Watts expands the band's sound, "in particular toward Kraftwerk-styled techno at times, also pushing into spacy areas that will likely be a bit alienating to some longtime fans." Much of the album also relies on "percussive Afro-funk" and Allmusic pointed out elements of prog rock on tracks such as "Guru."

### 2014: *The Motet*

They released their seventh studio album, *The Motet,* in February 2014. Each member of the band contributed to the writing process, with hundreds of hours spent in the studio creating vintage funk sounds. The group came up with the basic ideas for the album's original nine tracks in Watts's home studio, then recorded and mixed the album at Immersive Studios in Boulder, Colorado and Scanhope Sound in Littleton, Colorado. About *The Motet*, Watts says "The album is really like a new era for us. Writing our own music as a band, a 100 percent collaborative effort, it’s a real stepping stone to a sound we’re going to be bringing consistently” Writes Dave Kirby of the *Boulder Weekly*, “utterly flawless production...and not a throwaway in the bunch...ambitious, airtight and built to travel.” *Upstate Live* says that *The Motet*’s “55 glorious minutes showcase their growth as individuals and as an unstoppable funk machine.”

### 2016: *Totem*

The Motet's record was released on July 8, 2016. The album was recorded at The Parlor Recording Studio in New Orleans, Scanhope Sound, Colorado Sound, Notably Fine Audio, and Halo Studios. Eric Krasno of Soullive produced the record and contributed two songs "So High" and "Know It Too Well".

### 2019: *Death or Devotion*

This album was released in the beginning of 2019.

### 2023: *All Day & New Singer*

In 2023 The Motet released the instrumental album "All Day". On July, 24th they announced Sarah Clarke as their new singer.

### Live performances

| External videos | |
| --- | --- |
| The Motet "Closed Mouth Don't Get Fed" Live (May 2, 2014) | |
| "123" by The Motet, The Fillmore, Denver (April 20, 2013) | |
| "Like We Own It" Red Rocks (July 5, 2015) | |
| "The Truth" Jam in the Van (Summer 2016) | |

The band has toured annually since its founding, primarily performing in the United States with six or seven live members and Dave Watts serving as bandleader.

They periodically bring special guests on stage; in January 2014, for example, they were joined on stage by drummer Jason Hann of the String Cheese Incident, trumpeter Jen Hartswick, and vocalist and jazz trombonist Natalie Cressman.

In 2013 they played in Chicago, and performed at the now-defunct Wakarusa Music and Camping Festival. The following year the band toured the United States in support of their album *The Motet*, performing at festivals such as Summer Camp Festival.

## Halloween concerts

Since 2001 The Motet has performed a series of concerts on Halloween weekend, typically in Colorado, covering the music of one particular band and dressing the part. Examples have included Earth, Wind, and Fire, Parliament Funkadelic, Tower of Power, Jamiroquai, Stevie Wonder, and Prince.

The following is a list of their annual Halloween concerts:

## Members

Current * Dave Watts   drums, bandleader (1998–present)
* Ryan Jalbert   guitar (2005–present)
* Joey Porter   keys (2006–present)
* Garrett Sayers   bass (2002–present)
* Drew Sayers   tenor sax (2016–present)
* Sarah Clarke   vocals (2023–present)

Past * Gabe Mervine   trumpet (2009–2018)
* Jans Ingber   vocalist, percussion (2000–2015)
* Matt Pitts   tenor sax (2010–2015)
* Dominic Lalli (Big Gigantic member)   saxophone (2003–2006, also contributor)
* Scott Messersmith   percussion (1998–2011)
* Gregoire Raymond   keys (2002–2004)
* Adam Revell   keys (2005–2008)
* Mark Donovan   guitar (2003–2005)
* Mike Tiernan   guitar (2000–2003)
* Steve Vidiac   organist/keyboardist (2000–2002)
* Paul McDaniel   bass (2001–2002)
* Kurt Reeber   bass (2000–2001)
* Matt Spencer   bass (1998–1999)
* Alex Tomaino    guitar (1998)
* Lyle Divinsky   vocalist (2016–2020)
* Parris Fleming   trumpet (2018–2020)

## Discography

### Albums

Albums by The Motet
| Year | Album title | Release details |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1999 | *Breathe* | * Released: April 30, 2002 * Label: Self-released * Format: CD |
| 2001 | *Play* | * Released: April 10, 2001 * Label: aNOnym reCOrds * Format: CD |
| 2004 | *Music for Life* | * Released: July 21, 2004 * Label: Harmonized Records * Format: CD, digital |
| 2006 | *Instrumental<br>Dissent* | * Released: September 12, 2006 * Label: Self-released * Format: CD, digital |
| 2009 | *Dig Deep* | * Released: August 25, 2009 * Label: Self-released * Format: CD, digital |
| 2014 | *The Motet* | * Released: February 11, 2014 * Label: Self-released * Format: CD, digital |
| 2016 | *Totem* | * Released: July 8, 2016 * Label: Self-released * Format: CD, digital, vinyl |
| 2019 | *Death Or Devotion* | * Released: January 25, 2019 * Label: Self-released * Format: CD, digital, vinyl |
| 2023 | *All Day* | * Released: January 18, 2023 * Label: Self-released * Format: CD, digital |

### Live albums

Albums by The Motet
| Year | Album title | Release details |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2005 | *The Motet (Live)* | * Released: May 17, 2005 * Label: Harmonized Records * Format: digital |
|

### DVDs

DVDs by The Motet
| Year | Album title | Release details |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | *Shine DVD* | * Released: 2005 * Label: Home Grown Music * Format: DVD |
|

## Further reading

* "Brain Pickin': The Motet's Dave Watts talks Beginning of Time Ball". *303 Magazine*. December 24, 2012.
* "The Motet keeps the party going on its latest release". *Denver Westword*. January 23, 2014.
* "Summer Stars: The Motet". *Relix*. July 2, 2014.
* "The Motet Announces Upcoming Release Of Eric Krasno Produced 'Totem' LP". *JamBase*. May 17, 2016.
* The Motet at Allmusic

## InfoBox

| The Motet | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Denver, Colorado |
| Genres | Funk, rock, jazz, Afro-beat |
| Years active | 1998 (1998)–present |
| Labels | aNOnym reCOrds, Harmonized Records |
|  | |
| Members | * Dave Watts * Ryan Jalbert * Joey Porter * Garrett Sayers * Drew Sayers * Sarah Clarke |
|  | |
| Past members | * Dominic Lalli * Jans Ingber * Matt Pitts * Mike Tiernen * Kurt Reeber * Steve Vidiac * Scott Messersmith * Gregoire Raymond * Mark Donovan * Adam Revell * Matt Spencer * Gabe Mervine * Alex Tomaino * Lyle Divinsky * Parris Fleming |
|  | |
| Website | themotet.net |


title: Delia L. Smith

abstract: Delia L. Smith is an American lawyer who serves as the United States attorney for the District Court of the Virgin Islands since May 2022.

text:
# Delia L. Smith

**Delia L. Smith** is an American lawyer who serves as the United States attorney for the District Court of the Virgin Islands since May 2022.

## Education

Smith received her Bachelor of Arts from the University of the Virgin Islands in 1993 and her Juris Doctor from the Texas Southern University School of Law in 1997.

## Career

Smith served as a law clerk for Judge Ishmael Meyers on the United States Virgin Islands Superior Court from 1997 to 1999. From 1999 to 2005, she served as an assistant attorney general in the Office of the Attorney General for the Virgin Islands. From 2012 to 2014, she was detailed to work as a trial attorney in the United States Department of Justice’s Office of International Affairs. From 2005 until her appointment as U.S. Attorney, she has served as an Assistant United States Attorney for the District of the Virgin Islands.

### U.S. attorney for the District of the Virgin Islands

On September 28, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Smith to be the United States attorney for the District Court of the Virgin Islands. Smith was recommended to the White House by Delegate Stacey Plaskett. Her nomination was supported by Governor Albert Bryan Jr. On February 10, 2022, her nomination was reported out of committee by voice vote. On April 27, 2022, her nomination was confirmed in the Senate by voice vote. She assumed office in May 2022.

## InfoBox

| Delia L. Smith | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| United States Attorney for the District Court of the Virgin Islands | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
May 3, 2022 | |
| President | Joe Biden |
| Preceded by | Gretchen Shappert |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Education | University of the Virgin Islands (BA)
Texas Southern University (JD) |
|  | |


title: Seaford to Beachy Head

abstract: Seaford to Beachy Head is a 1,108.7-hectare (2,740-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest which stretches from Seaford to Eastbourne in East Sussex. It has several Geological Conservation Review sites. Part of it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I. An area of 150 hectares is a Local Nature Reserve managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust. This site is of national importance for both its biological and geological features. Its habitats include chalk grassland, maritime grassland, chalk heath, foreshore, chalk cliffs, river meanders, and greensand reef. It has nationally rare plants, invertebrates, and birds. The site also exposes extensive chalk sections dating to the Late Cretaceous epoch around 80 million years ago.

text:
# Seaford to Beachy Head

**Seaford to Beachy Head** is a 1,108.7-hectare (2,740-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest which stretches from Seaford to Eastbourne in East Sussex. It has several Geological Conservation Review sites. Part of it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I. An area of 150 hectares (370 acres) is a Local Nature Reserve managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust.

This site is of national importance for both its biological and geological features. Its habitats include chalk grassland, maritime grassland, chalk heath, foreshore, chalk cliffs, river meanders, and greensand reef. It has nationally rare plants, invertebrates, and birds. The site also exposes extensive chalk sections dating to the Late Cretaceous epoch around 80 million years ago.

50°45′29″N 0°10′59″E / 50.758°N 0.183°E / 50.758; 0.183

## InfoBox

Seaford to Beachy Head
| Site of Special Scientific Interest | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | East Sussex |
| Grid reference | TV 541 976 |
| Interest | Biological<br>Geological |
| Area | 1,108.7 hectares (2,740 acres) |
| Notification | 1999 |
| Location map | *Magic Map* |


title: Renfe Class 592

abstract: Renfe Class 592 is a class of diesel multiple unit trains built by Macosa and Ateinsa for some Renfe Cercanías commuter railway networks in Spain, as well as various regional services in Spain and Portugal. The first units entered service in 1981. The class 592 was created with passenger comfort and build quality in mind, and to meet the goals of reliability, frequency and punctuality.

text:
# Renfe Class 592

**Renfe Class 592** is a class of diesel multiple unit trains built by Macosa and Ateinsa for some Renfe Cercanías commuter railway networks in Spain, as well as various regional services in Spain and Portugal. The first units entered service in 1981. The class 592 was created with passenger comfort and build quality in mind, and to meet the goals of reliability, frequency and punctuality.

## Services

### Cities and routes

Class 592 units operate in the following cities:

### Other services

Class 592 units also operate in various regional rail services around Spain and parts of Portugal

## Accidents and incidents

* On 9 September 2016, a class 592.0 unit was derailed at O Porriño. Four people were killed and 49 injured, seven seriously.

## InfoBox

| Renfe Class 592 | |
| --- | --- |
| Series 592 DMU with the Cercanías livery at San Vicente Centro, Alicante. | |
| The interior of a 592 train. | |
| In service | 1981–present |
| Manufacturer | Macosa, Ateinsa |
| Constructed | 1981–1984 |
| Entered service | 1981 |
| Number built | 70 |
| Number in service | 68 |
| Formation | 3-car trainsets |
| Capacity | 228/200 seated |
| Operators | Renfe
Comboios de Portugal |
| Specifications | |
| Car length | 23,080 mm (75 ft 8.66 in) (motor)
22,620 mm (74 ft 2.55 in) (trailer) |
| Width | 2,860 mm (9 ft 4.60 in) |
| Height | 3,965 mm (13 ft 0.10 in) |
| Doors | 6 per car |
| Maximum speed | 130 km/h (81 mph) |
| Weight | 130.4 t (128.3 long tons; 143.7 short tons) |
| Traction system | Diesel |
| Prime mover(s) | MAN BTXUE 3256
MAN D2866 LUE 601 |
| Traction motors | 4 |
| Power output | 840 kW or 1,126.5 hp |
| Transmission | Hydraulic |
| Auxiliaries | 140 kVA |
| Braking system(s) | Pneumatic / Electropneumatic (592.2) |
| Coupling system | Scharfenberg |
| Track gauge | 1,668 mm (5 ft 5+2132 in) (Iberian gauge) |


title: Sendenhorst

abstract: Sendenhorst is a town in the district of Warendorf, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated approximately 20 km (12 mi) north of Hamm and 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Münster.

text:
# Sendenhorst

**Sendenhorst** is a town in the district of Warendorf, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated approximately 20 km (12 mi) north of Hamm and 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Münster.

## Geography

Sendenhorst consists of Sendenhorst and Albersloh. Before the municipal reform of 1975, Sendenhorst was located in the former Beckum District and Albersloh in the former district of Münster (Landkreis). The river Werse flows through Albersloh.

## InfoBox

| Sendenhorst | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
|  | |
| Location of Sendenhorst within Warendorf district | |
| Sendenhorst Sendenhorst | |
| Coordinates: 51°50′38″N 7°49′40″E / 51.84389°N 7.82778°E / 51.84389; 7.82778 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Admin. region | Münster |
| District | Warendorf |
| Government | |
| Mayor (202025) | Katrin Reuscher (SPD) |
| Area | |
| Total | 96.66 km2 (37.32 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 68 m (223 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31) | |
| Total | 13,760 |
| Density | 140/km2 (370/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 48324 |
| Dialling codes | 02526 Sendenhorst
02535 Albersloh |
| Vehicle registration | WAF |
| Website | www.sendenhorst.de |


abstract: The Société Internationale pour l'Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale (SIEPM) is a learned society established in 1958 to support teaching and research relating to Medieval philosophy. It is based in Louvain-la-Neuve, which is a sub-municipality of the Belgian city of Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, which in turn is located in the Province of Walloon Brabant. Its annual journal is the Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale and its President is Tobias Hoffmann.

text:
# Société Internationale pour l'Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale

The **Société Internationale pour l'Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale** (**SIEPM**) is a learned society established in 1958 to support teaching and research relating to Medieval philosophy. It is based in Louvain-la-Neuve, which is a sub-municipality of the Belgian city of Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, which in turn is located in the Province of Walloon Brabant. Its annual journal is the Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale and its President is Tobias Hoffmann.


abstract: Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me is a 1971 American drama film directed by Jeffrey Young and written by Robert Schlitt and adapted from the Richard Fariña novel of the same name. The film stars Barry Primus, Susan Tyrrell, Bruce Davison and Zack Norman. The film was released on September 15, 1971, by Paramount Pictures.

text:
# Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me (film)

***Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me*** is a 1971 American drama film directed by Jeffrey Young and written by Robert Schlitt and adapted from the Richard Fariña novel of the same name. The film stars Barry Primus, Susan Tyrrell, Bruce Davison and Zack Norman. The film was released on September 15, 1971, by Paramount Pictures.

## Plot

Free-thinking student tries to put up with life at a strait-laced college in 1958.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Jeffrey Young |
| Screenplay by | Robert Schlitt |
| Based on | *Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me*
by Richard Fariña |
| Produced by | Robert M. Rosenthal |
| Starring | Barry Primus
Susan Tyrrell
Bruce Davison
Zack Norman |
| Cinematography | Urs Furrer |
| Edited by | Nicholas Meyers
Bruce Witkin |
| Music by | Garry Sherman |
| Production
company | Paramount Pictures |
| Distributed by | Paramount Pictures |
| Release date | * September 15, 1971 (1971-09-15) |
| Running time | 90 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Silver Strand (film)

abstract: Silver Strand is a 1995 action/drama/romance film starring Nicollette Sheridan, Gil Bellows, Jennifer O'Neill, Jay O. Sanders, Tony Plana and Wolfgang Bodison. It was directed by George Miller and written by Douglas Day Stewart. The story follows Class 195 through United States Navy SEAL selection and training known as Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL (BUD/S). Brian Del Piso falls for the wife of his commanding officer, Lucas Hughes. Michelle Hughes was a Navy brat and is now Lucass wife.

text:
# Silver Strand (film)

***Silver Strand*** is a 1995 action/drama/romance film starring Nicollette Sheridan, Gil Bellows, Jennifer O'Neill, Jay O. Sanders, Tony Plana and Wolfgang Bodison. It was directed by George Miller and written by Douglas Day Stewart. The story follows Class 195 through United States Navy SEAL selection and training known as Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL (BUD/S). Brian Del Piso (Gil Bellows) falls for the wife of his commanding officer, Lucas Hughes (Jay O. Sanders). Michelle Hughes (Nicollette Sheridan) was a Navy brat and is now Lucass wife.


title: Unthank, Alnham

abstract: Unthank is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Alnham in Northumberland, England. In 1951 the parish had a population of 11.

text:
# Unthank, Alnham

**Unthank** is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Alnham in Northumberland, England. In 1951 the parish had a population of 11.

## History

It is first mentioned in writing as *Unthanc* in 1207, and in its current orthography in 1242. Unthank is a deserted medieval village that was last referred to in documents in 1726. Unthank was a township in Alnham parish. From 1866 Unthank was a civil parish in its own right until it was merged with Alnham on 1 April 1955.

## Governance

Unthank is in the parliamentary constituency of Berwick-upon-Tweed.

## InfoBox

| Unthank | |
| --- | --- |
| Unthank Farm | |
| UnthankLocation within Northumberland | |
| OS grid reference | NU015115 |
| Civil parish |  |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Shire county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | ALNWICK |
| Postcode district | NE66 |
|  | |
| Police | Northumbria |
| Fire | Northumberland |
| Ambulance | North East |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: The Moving Frontier

abstract: The Moving Frontier is an album by Pram, released in 2007.

text:
# The Moving Frontier

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *The Skinny* |  |

***The Moving Frontier*** is an album by Pram, released in 2007.

## Critical reception

AllMusic wrote that "exotica, '60s and '70s electronic novelty pop, and noir-ish jazz are still major influences on Pram's music, and on their instrumentals they mimic and modernize those sounds like few other bands can." *NME* deemed the album "45 minutes of bland, jazzy, nonsense." *Clash* thought that Pram had become "immersed in overtly odd, bloated high-art plodding."

## Track listing

1. 'The Empty Quarter'
2. 'Salt and Sand'
3. 'Iske'
4. 'The City Surveyor'
5. 'Sundew'
6. 'Salva'
7. 'Moonminer'
8. 'Hums Around Us'
9. 'Metaluna'
10. 'Beluga'
11. 'Blind Tiger'
12. 'Mariana Deep'
13. 'Compass Rose'
14. 'The Silk Road'

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| The Moving Frontier | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Pram | |
| Released | 1 October 2007 |
| Genre | Avant-garde |
| Length | 44:30 |
| Label | Domino Records |
| Pram chronology | |
| *Dark Island*
(2003) ***The Moving Frontier***
(2007) *Across the Meridian*
(2018) | |


title: The Adults (film)

abstract: The Adults is a 2023 American comedy drama film, written and directed by Dustin Guy Defa and starring Michael Cera, Hannah Gross, Sophia Lillis and Wavyy Jonez. The film follows Eric, who has a plan to make a trip back home as short as possible but he finds himself balancing the relationship with his two sisters and his addiction to a local poker game. It was nominated to compete for the Encounter Award at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival, where it had its world premiere on February 18, 2023. It was released on August 18, 2023, by Variance Films and Universal Pictures Content Group.

text:
# The Adults (film)

***The Adults*** is a 2023 American comedy drama film, written and directed by Dustin Guy Defa and starring Michael Cera, Hannah Gross, Sophia Lillis and Wavyy Jonez. The film follows Eric, who has a plan to make a trip back home as short as possible but he finds himself balancing the relationship with his two sisters and his addiction to a local poker game.

It was nominated to compete for the Encounter Award at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival, where it had its world premiere on February 18, 2023. It was released on August 18, 2023, by Variance Films and Universal Pictures Content Group.

## Synopsis

Eric wanted to have a short trip back home, but as time passes, it turns into a nostalgic stay as Eric catches up with his two sisters. His desire to prove himself to be the best poker player in town is also holding up his return. His sour relationship with his sister Rachel, and their little sister Maggie's attempts to revive the camaraderie they once shared, make Eric and Rachel face the reality of the present divide between them.

## Cast

## Release

The film had its world premiere on February 18, 2023. at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival. It was invited to Horizons section of 57th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, where it was screened on 30 June 2023.

It was released on August 18, 2023.

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 72% of 39 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 6.5/10. The website's consensus reads: "*The Adults* finds enough profundity in grief and strained sibling bonds to overcome an occasionally aimless story, with subtly rewarding results." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 73 out of 100, based on 14 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.

Rory O'Connor graded the film B+ for The Film Stage and wrote, "It’s coarse to the touch but The Adults is a tender film." Steph Green reviewing for IndieWire graded the film B and wrote, "A raw, sensitive, and true look at a family in flux with too much love to give and no tools to whittle it into something useful." Guy Lodge reviewing at Berlin Film Festival, for Variety wrote, "From... queasiness comes bristly tension, tautening and deepening what otherwise seems a low-key, low-stakes character study, and eventually a sweet, conciliatory sliver of hope too."

Conversely, Damon Wise reviewing for Deadline Hollywood criticising the film wrote, "*The Adults* is a comedy-drama that doesn’t seem to deliver much of either, and that gray, in-between state just isn’t appealing anymore. Could it be that the cinema of awkwardness, or mumblecore in different clothes, has finally reached its sell-by date?"

## Accolades

| Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipient | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Berlin International Film Festival | 26 February 2023 | Golden Bear Plaque | *The Adults* | Nominated |  |
|

## InfoBox

| The Adults | |
| --- | --- |
| Poster | |
| Directed by | Dustin Guy Defa |
| Screenplay by | Dustin Guy Defa |
| Produced by | * Michael Cera * Hannah Dweck * Ted Schaefer * Allison Rose Carter * Jon Read * Julia Thompson |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Tim Curtin |
| Edited by | Michael Taylor |
| Music by | Alex Weston |
| Production<br>companies | * Dweck Productions * Savage Rose Films |
| Distributed by |  |
| Release dates | * February 18, 2023 (2023-02-18) (Berlinale) * August 18, 2023 (2023-08-18) |
| Running time | 91 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93

abstract: The Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93 à glissement was a French railway gun used by the French Army during World War I and World War II.

text:
# Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93

The **Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93 à glissement** was a French railway gun used by the French Army during World War I and World War II.

## History

Although the majority of combatants had heavy field artillery prior to the outbreak of the First World War, none had adequate numbers of heavy guns in service, nor had they foreseen the growing importance of heavy artillery once the Western Front stagnated and trench warfare set in. Since aircraft of the period were not yet capable of carrying large diameter bombs, the burden of delivering heavy firepower fell on the artillery. Two sources of heavy artillery suitable for conversion to field use were surplus coastal defense guns and naval guns.

However, artillery designers of the time were faced with a paradox: while large caliber naval guns were common, large caliber land weapons were not due to their weight, complexity, and lack of mobility. Large caliber field guns often required extensive site preparation because the guns had to be broken down into multiple loads light enough to be towed by a horse team or the few traction engines of the time and then reassembled before use. Building a new gun could address the problem of disassembling, transporting and reassembling a large gun, but it did not necessarily address how to convert existing heavy weapons to make them more mobile. Rail transport proved to be the most practical solution because the problems of heavy weight, lack of mobility and reduced setup time were addressed.

## Design

The Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93 à glissement started life as six *Canon de 32C modèle 1870/93* coastal defense guns which were converted to railway guns. The guns were typical built-up guns of the period with mixed construction consisting of a rifled steel liner and several layers of iron reinforcing hoops. In French service guns of mixed steel/iron construction were designated in centimeters while all steel guns were designated in millimeters. However, reference materials don't always distinguish the difference in construction and use either unit of measurement. The guns used an interrupted screw breech and fired separate loading bagged charges and projectiles. Since the barrels were coastal defense guns that were not intended for use at high angles of elevation the trunnions were relocated relatively far forward and the guns were nose heavy.

The carriages consisted of a large rectangular steel base, which was suspended on two five-axle railroad bogies manufactured by Schneider. The number of axles was determined by the weight limit for European railways of 17 tonnes per axle. The guns could be elevated from 0 to +40° with typical firing range being between +22° and +40°. To load the gun the barrel was lowered and an elevated loading shell hoist could be erected. The guns had no traversing mechanism and in order to aim the guns were drawn across a curved section of track. Once in position, a section of rail bed was reinforced with wooden beams then six steel beams under the center of the carriage were lowered onto the tracks and the carriage was jacked up to bear the weight of the gun. The guns used a sliding recoil or *Glissement* system and when fired the gun slid back a few meters and was then pushed back into position. The friction between the steel beams and the track limited the length of recoil. Due to their low cost and simplicity Schneider carriages were widely used on early railway guns. Although stable and effective this form of carriage was crude and latter guns incorporated improved recoil, elevation and traverse mechanisms.

## Similar guns

There were three models of 32 cm coastal defense guns that were converted by Schneider to railway artillery during the First World War the Canon de 32 modèle 1870/81, Canon de 32 modèle 1870/84*,* and Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93*.* The longer barreled guns had better range and the mle 1870/81's were scrapped after the war. The remaining long barrelled guns were place in reserve between the wars were redesignated *Canon de 320 G modèle 70/30*.

| Coastal gun designation | Barrel length | Range | Number converted |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Canon de 32C modèle 1870/81 M* | 8.5 m (28 ft) L/26 | 16.4 km (10 mi) | 16 |
| *Canon de 32C modèle 1870/84 M* | 10.4 m (34 ft) L/32 | 21.6 km (13 mi) | 30 |
| *Canon de 32C modèle 1870/93 M* | 10.4 m (34 ft) L/32 | 21.6 km (13 mi) | 6 |

In addition to the former coastal defense guns mentioned above, there were two other models of 320 mm guns. However, these were converted 305 mm (12 in) naval guns that were rebored once their barrels wore out. They were delivered late in 1918-1919 and given new designations and placed in reserve between the wars.

* Canon de 305 modèle 1893/96 à berceau \- Eight barrels were rebored by Batignolles and were redesignated *Canon de 320 modèle 1917 à berceau* and placed in reserve between the wars. Eight were mobilized by the French Army during the Second World War. Guns captured by the Germans after the Fall of France were given the designation *32 cm Kanone (Eisenbahn) 652(f)*.
* Canon de 305 modèle 1893/96 à glissement \- Eight barrels were rebored by Schneider and were redesignated *Canon de 320 modèle 1917 à glissement* and placed in reserve between the wars. Eight were mobilized by the French Army during the Second World War. Guns captured by the Germans after the Fall of France were given the designation *32 cm Kanone (Eisenbahn) 651/1(f)*.

| Naval gun designation | Barrel length | Range | Number converted |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Canon de 305 modèle 1893/96 | 12.2 m (40 ft) L/40 | 27 km (17 mi) | 8 |
| | | 30 km (19 mi) | 8 |

## Identification

Identifying the different models of 32 cm and 320 mm guns can be difficult because of poor quality images, the angle of the photo and the similarity of their carriages. However, there are a few distinguishing marks on the barrels and carriage that aid identification.

## World War II

At the outbreak of the Second World War, eight guns were assigned to the 7th and 8th battery of Heavy Artillery Regiment 373° of the ALVF (*Artillerie Lourde sur Voie Ferrée*). The four guns of the 7th were held in reserve at Seppois-le-Haut and later at positions near Hirtzbach, France. The four guns of the 8th were held in reserve at Seppois-le-Haut and later at positions near Steinsoultz, France. After the Fall of France, nine guns captured by the Germans were given the designation *32 cm K(E) 657(f)* and used by them during World War II.

## InfoBox

| Canon de 32 modèle 1870/93 à glissement | |
| --- | --- |
| A 32 cm mle 1870/93 near Condé-sur-Aisne, France 1918. | |
| Type | Railway gun |
| Place of origin | France |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1916–1945 |
| Used by | France
Nazi Germany |
| Wars | World War I
World War II |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Schneider |
| Designed | 1915 |
| Manufacturer | Schneider |
| Produced | 1915 |
| No. built | 6 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 162 t (159 long tons; 179 short tons) |
| Length | 26 m (85 ft) |
| Barrel length | 10.4 m (34 ft) L/32 |
| --- | |
| Shell | Separate loading bagged charges and projectiles |
| Shell weight | 388 kg (855 lb) |
| Caliber | 32 cm (13 in) |
| Breech | Interrupted screw breech |
| Recoil | Sliding recoil |
| Carriage | Two five-axle rail bogies |
| Elevation | +3° to +40° |
| Traverse | None |
| Rate of fire | 1 round every four minutes |
| Muzzle velocity | 675 m/s (2,210 ft/s) |
| Maximum firing range | 21.6 km (13 mi) |


title: Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood

abstract: Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood is a 2023 horror roguelike shoot 'em up video game developed by Mega Cat Studios and published by Skybound Games, which is based on the action horror film Renfield, directed by Chris McKay and starring Nicholas Hoult, Awkwafina and Nicolas Cage. Following an early access release on April 12, it was released for Windows on September 20, 2023.

text:
# Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood

***Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood*** is a 2023 horror roguelike shoot 'em up video game developed by Mega Cat Studios and published by Skybound Games, which is based on the action horror film *Renfield*, directed by Chris McKay and starring Nicholas Hoult, Awkwafina and Nicolas Cage. Following an early access release on April 12, it was released for Windows on September 20, 2023.

## Gameplay

The player selects one of multiple characters including Robert Montague Renfield, Count Dracula, Rebecca Quincy, Bat Head, Cheerleader, Gore Golem, Mark, Mina Harker, the Red Death, Remy Broussard, Richard the Werelobo, Sister Charlotte, Teddy Lobo and the Maestro. The player character can use various weapons as well as different bonuses that can be unlocked as the player levels up. The player can also consume bugs for various boosts and effects. Throughout levels, players can also find victims, who can be sacrificed to Dracula or saved, leading to a boss fight at the end of the level.

## Release

The game left early access and was released on September 20, 2023, on Windows.

## InfoBox

| Renfield: Bring Your Own Blood | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Mega Cat Studios |
| Publisher(s) | Skybound Games |
| Platform(s) | Windows |
| Release | September 20, 2023 |
| Genre(s) | Horror, roguelike, shoot 'em up |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


title: Laos at the 2023 SEA Games

abstract: Laos participated at the 32nd Southeast Asian Games which was held from 5 to 16 May 2023 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Laos delegation to the 2023 Southeast Asian Games composed of 576 athletes, as well as 80 officials and coaches, bringing the total member of the contingent to 656. Laotian athletes competed in 32 out of 46 events, eyeing 5 gold medals which they had already surpassed.

text:
# Laos at the 2023 SEA Games

**Laos** participated at the 32nd Southeast Asian Games which was held from 5 to 16 May 2023 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Laos delegation to the 2023 Southeast Asian Games composed of 576 athletes, as well as 80 officials and coaches, bringing the total member of the contingent to 656. Laotian athletes competed in 32 out of 46 events, eyeing 5 gold medals which they had already surpassed.

## Medal summary

### Medal by Sport

| Sport |  |  |  | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Athletics | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Badminton | 0 | 0 | 1 | **1** |
| Basketball | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Billiards | 0 | 2 | 0 | **2** |
| Boxing | 0 | 0 | 3 | **3** |
| Cricket | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Cycling | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Endurance race | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Esports | 0 | 0 | 1 | **1** |
| Golf | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Gymnastics | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Hockey | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Judo | 0 | 1 | 1 | **2** |
| Jujitsu | 0 | 1 | 0 | **1** |
| Karate | 0 | 0 | 2 | **2** |
| Kun Bokator | 1 | 1 | 10 | **12** |
| Kun Khmer | 0 | 5 | 7 | **12** |
| Ouk chaktrang | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Obstacle race | 0 | 0 | 1 | **1** |
| Pencak silat | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Pétanque | 3 | 2 | 5 | **10** |
| Sailing | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Sepaktakraw | 1 | 4 | 6 | **11** |
| Soft tennis | 0 | 0 | 3 | **3** |
| Swimming | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Table tennis | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Taekwondo | 0 | 1 | 1 | **2** |
| Tennis | 0 | 0 | 0 | **0** |
| Vovinam | 1 | 2 | 5 | **8** |
| Weightlifting | 0 | 0 | 1 | **1** |
| Wrestling | 0 | 1 | 1 | **2** |
| Wushu | 0 | 0 | 3 | **3** |
| Total | 6 | 20 | 51 | 77 |

### Medal by gender

| **Medals by gender** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gender |  |  |  | Total | Percentage |
| Male | 4 | 13 | 23 | **40** | 51.9% |
| Female | 1 | 5 | 21 | **27** | 38.0% |
| Mixed | 1 | 2 | 7 | **10** | 14% |
| Total | 6 | 20 | 51 | 77 | 100% |

## InfoBox

| Laos at the
2023 Southeast Asian Games | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | LAO |
| NOC | National Olympic Committee of Lao |
| Website | www.olympiclao.org.la (in Lao and English) |
| in Phnom Penh, Cambodia | |
| Competitors | 576 |
| Flag bearer | Soulasith Khamvongsa (Pétanque) |
| Medals
Ranked 9th | Gold 6 Silver 22 Bronze 60 Total 88 |
| Southeast Asian Games appearances | |
|  | |


title: Chiappa Triple Crown

abstract: The Chiappa Triple Crown is a family of Italian-made triple-barrel, break-action shotguns, chambered in 12-gauge, 20-gauge, 28-gauge, and.410 bore. The barrels have a triangular arrangement with one on top and two below. This gives the Triple Crown a single-barrel sight picture.

text:
# Chiappa Triple Crown

The **Chiappa Triple Crown** is a family of Italian-made triple-barrel, break-action shotguns, chambered in 12-gauge, 20-gauge, 28-gauge, and .410 bore. The barrels have a triangular arrangement with one on top and two below. This gives the Triple Crown a single-barrel sight picture.

## Triple Crown

The **Triple Crown** shotguns are triple-barrel, break-action shotguns, chambered in 12-, 20-, 28-gauge, and .410 bore. The 12-, 20-gauge, and .410 bore models will accept 3-inch magnum shells and the 28-gauge model will accept 2-3/4-inch shells. The 12-gauge model has 28-inch barrels, while all of the other models have 26-inch barrels. The barrels have a triangular arrangement with one on top and two below. This gives the Triple Crown a single-barrel sight picture. The barrels accept standard Rem-Choke style choke tubes and it comes with 5 choke tubes ranging from Improved Cylinder to Full Choke. It uses a single trigger and has a manual safety on the tang behind the action lever. The Triple Crown may be disassembled for ease of storage.

## Triple Threat

The **Triple Threat** shotguns are the shorter 18-½-inch models chambered in both 12-, 20-gauge, and .410-bore 3-inch magnums. They feature a unique two-piece removable butt-stock design allowing them to be shortened to an overall length of 27-¾ inches.

### Triple Threat BLK

The **Triple Threat BLK** comes in a 12-gauge 3-inch chamber only. It features Picatinny rails on the top barrel and below the bottom barrels. This allows for this model to use a wide range of optical sights and tac-lights. It also features black plastic furniture. However, unlike the basic model, the BLK uses a standard butt-stock that cannot be shortened.

## InfoBox

| Chiappa Triple Crown/Triple Threat | |
| --- | --- |
| Chiappa Triple Threat | |
| Type | Break-action shotgun |
| Place of origin | Italy |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | Chiappa Firearms |
| Unit cost | $1,955 USD (MSRP as of 2018) |
| Variants | * Triple Crown * Triple Threat * Triple Threat BLK |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 8.2 lb (3.7 kg) |
| Length | * Standard 35.5 in (90 cm) * Shorten 27.75 in (70.5 cm) |
| Barrel length | 18.5 in (47 cm) |
| --- | |
| Cartridge | 12-gauge, 20-gauge, 28-gauge, and .410-bore |
| Barrels | 3 |
| Action | Break-action |
| Sights | Fixed fiber optic |


title: Shujauddin (cricketer, born 1970)

abstract: Shujauddin is a former Pakistani cricketer. From Quetta, the capital of Balochistan province, all of his matches at a major level came during the 1998–99 season of the limited-overs Tissot Cup. Shujauddin made his debut for Quetta against Hyderabad in April 1999, scoring 22 not out on debut, in what was to be his highest score in List A matches. A wicket-keeper, he played three further matches during the competition, but was replaced by Sanaullah Khan for the final fixture against the Pakistan National Shipping Corporation. Overall, Shujauddin scored 45 runs and made seven dismissals from his four matches in the competition.

text:
# Shujauddin (cricketer, born 1970)

**Shujauddin** (born 16 February 1970) is a former Pakistani cricketer. From Quetta, the capital of Balochistan province, all of his matches at a major level came during the 1998–99 season of the limited-overs Tissot Cup. Shujauddin made his debut for Quetta against Hyderabad in April 1999, scoring 22 not out on debut, in what was to be his highest score in List A matches. A wicket-keeper, he played three further matches during the competition, but was replaced by Sanaullah Khan for the final fixture against the Pakistan National Shipping Corporation. Overall, Shujauddin scored 45 runs and made seven dismissals (five catches and two stumpings) from his four matches in the competition.

## InfoBox

Shujauddin
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Shujauddin |
| Born | 16 February 1970<br>Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Role | Wicket-keeper |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1999 | Quetta |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition LA  Matches 4  Runs scored 45  Batting average 15.00  100s/50s 0/0  Top score 22\*  Catches/stumpings 5/2 | |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 2 March 2013 | |


title: Belgian National Track Championships

abstract: The Belgian Track Cycling Championships are a series of competitions to determine who will become Belgian champion in the different parts of track cycling. Nowadays, the championships are always held at the Flemish Cycling Center Eddy Merckx, one of the two official 250m Olympic tracks in Belgium.

text:
# Belgian National Track Championships

The **Belgian Track Cycling Championships** are a series of competitions to determine who will become Belgian champion in the different parts of track cycling.

Nowadays, the championships are always held at the Flemish Cycling Center Eddy Merckx, one of the two official 250m Olympic tracks in Belgium.

## History

Since the first half of the 1900s, national-level track cycling trials were organized, initially limited to speed and pursuit only, then open to various track cycling specialties. Among the multi-titled professionals of these events, Patrick Sercu holds the record with 30 national titles, followed by Kenny De Ketele (22), Jef Scherens (15) and Rik Van Steenbergen (12).

## Winners

### Men

#### Madison

#### Points

#### Derny

#### Keirin

#### 1 km time trial

#### Omnium

#### Pursuit (individual)

#### Pursuit (team)

#### Scratch

#### Sprint (individual)

#### Sprint (team)

#### Elimination

### Woman

#### 500 m time trial

#### Points

#### Keirin

#### Omnium

#### Pursuit (individual)

#### Pursuit (team)

#### Scratch

#### Sprint (individual)

#### Sprint (team)

#### Elimination

## InfoBox

| Belgian National Track Championships | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Status | Active |
| Genre | Track cycling |
| Frequency | Annually |
| Location(s) | Vlaams Wielercentrum Eddy Merckx |
| Inaugurated | 1894 |
| Organised by | Royal Belgian Cycling League |


title: Simmons Island Beach House

abstract: The Simmons Island Beach House is located in Simmons Island Park in Kenosha, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. Land for the Simmons Island Park was donated in 1916 by industrialist Zalmon G. Simmons. In the 1930s, landscaping was done and the beach house was constructed. The building is one-and-a-half-stories in its central block and has one-story wings. It has steep slate-covered roofs.

text:
# Simmons Island Beach House

The **Simmons Island Beach House** is located in Simmons Island Park in Kenosha, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Land for the Simmons Island Park was donated in 1916 by industrialist Zalmon G. Simmons. In the 1930s, landscaping was done and the beach house was constructed.

The building is one-and-a-half-stories in its central block and has one-story wings. It has steep slate-covered roofs.

## History

The structure was once used as a public bath house. In 2008, an entrepreneur bought the building with plans to transform it into a restaurant and installed a concession stand.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Simmons Island Beach House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Simmons Island Beach House | |
| Location | 5001 Simmons Island<br>Kenosha, Wisconsin |
| Coordinates | 42°35′28″N 87°48′52″W / 42.59098°N 87.81436°W / 42.59098; -87.81436 |
| Built | 1935 |
| Architect | Chris Borggren |
| Architectural style | Tudor Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 03000057 |
| Added to NRHP | February 20, 2003 |


title: Unthank, Angus

abstract: Unthank is a hamlet in Angus, Scotland. It lies approximately half a mile north-west of Brechin on the B966 Brechin to Edzell road. It used to be a possession of the Barony of Spynie.

text:
# Unthank, Angus

**Unthank** is a hamlet in Angus, Scotland. It lies approximately half a mile north-west of Brechin on the B966 Brechin to Edzell road. It used to be a possession of the Barony of Spynie.

## InfoBox

| Unthank | |
| --- | --- |
| UnthankLocation within Angus | |
| OS grid reference | NO601613 |
| Council area |  |
| Lieutenancy area |  |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | BRECHIN |
| Postcode district | DD9 |
| Dialling code | 01356 |
|  | |
| Police | Scotland |
| Fire | Scottish |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
|  | |
|


title: The Moving Picture Books

abstract: The Moving Picture Book Company and The Pictorial Color Book Company were early 20th-century American publishers known for producing interactive children's books. These publishers specialized in creating movable books, which featured mechanical illustrations that could move or change scenes with the pull of a tab.

text:
# The Moving Picture Books

**The Moving Picture Book Company** and **The Pictorial Color Book Company** were early 20th-century American publishers known for producing interactive children's books. These publishers specialized in creating movable books, which featured mechanical illustrations that could move or change scenes with the pull of a tab.

## Early History and Innovations

The Moving Picture Book Company, established in the early 1900s, often featured dynamic illustrations that allowed readers to animate scenes by pulling tabs or turning pages with movable elements. This interactive approach transformed traditional reading experiences into an immersive one. The company's most successful series, \*The Moving Picture Books\*, gained widespread popularity and was a pivotal example of early mechanical books in the United States.

The earliest English editions in this series seem to have been released around 1909. In the United States, many of the initial books were published by Sully and Kleinteich (S&K), priced at 35 cents. Following S&K, during the early 1920s, the books were also issued by The New York Book Company and the Pictorial Color Book Company (PCBC), who sold them for 50 cents. They all utilized advanced printing techniques for their time, including lithography and chromolithography, to produce vibrant, colorful pages that captivated young readers. These publications featured high-quality illustrations that set them apart from standard children's books of the era.

## Legacy and Collectibility

Though both companies eventually ceased operations, their contributions to movable books remain significant. Movable and mechanical books from The Moving Picture Book Company and The Pictorial Color Book Company are highly sought after by collectors today due to their historical importance, craftsmanship, and rarity. The books published by these companies are part of a key chapter in the evolution of children's interactive literature in the United States. Their designs laid the groundwork for later developments in the movable book genre, influencing contemporary and later publishers.

The enduring appeal of these books can also be attributed to their innovative engineering and colorful artwork, elements that continue to capture the imagination of collectors. Publications from these companies are considered valuable and are frequently cited as some of the earliest examples of movable books in the American market.


title: Capylus

abstract: In Greek mythology, Capylus was the Thespian son of Heracles and Hippo, daughter of King Thespius of Thespiae.

text:
# Capylus

In Greek mythology, **Capylus** (Ancient Greek: Καπύλος) was the Thespian son of Heracles and Hippo, daughter of King Thespius of Thespiae.

## Mythology

Capylus and his 49 half-brothers were born of Thespius' daughters who were impregnated by Heracles in one night, for a week or in the course of 50 days while hunting for the Cithaeronian lion. Later on, the hero sent a message to Thespius to keep seven of these sons and send three of them in Thebes while the remaining forty, joined by Iolaus, were dispatched to the island of Sardinia to found a colony.

1. Apollodorus, 2.7.8
2. Apollodorus, 2.4.10
3. Pausanias, *Graeciae Descriptio* 9.27.6–7; Gregorius Nazianzenus, *Orat.* IV, *Contra Julianum* I (Migne *S. Gr.* 35.661)
4. Athenaeus, *Deipnosophistae* 13.4 with Herodorus as the authority; Diodorus Siculus, *Bibliotheca historica* 4.29.3, f.n. 51
5. Apollodorus, 2.4.10; Diodorus Siculus, *Bibliotheca historica* 4.29.3; Tzetzes, *Chiliades* 2.224
6. Apollodorus, 2.4.9–10
7. Apollodorus, 2.7.6
* Apollodorus, *The Library* with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
* Athenaeus of Naucratis, *The Deipnosophists or Banquet of the Learned.* London. Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden. 1854. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Athenaeus of Naucratis, *Deipnosophistae*. Kaibel. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Lipsiae. 1887. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Diodorus Siculus, *The Library of History* translated by Charles Henry Oldfather. Twelve volumes. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site
* Diodorus Siculus, *Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2*. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888-1890. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Pausanias, *Description of Greece* with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. ISBN 0-674-99328-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
* Pausanias, *Graeciae Descriptio.* *3 vols*. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Tzetzes, John, *Book of Histories,* Book II-IV translated by Gary Berkowitz from the original Greek of T. Kiessling's edition of 1826. Online version at theio.com