abstract: Cook County Board of Commissioners 11th district is a single-member electoral district for the Cook County Board of Commissioners. Since its inception in 1994, the district has been represented by John P. Daley, a Democrat.

text:
# Cook County Board of Commissioners 11th district

**Cook County Board of Commissioners 11th district** is a single-member electoral district for the Cook County Board of Commissioners. Since its inception in 1994, the district has been represented by John P. Daley, a Democrat.

## History

The district was established in 1994, when the board transitioned from holding elections in individual districts, as opposed to the previous practice of having two multi-member districts districts: one for ten members from the city of Chicago and another for seven members from suburban Cook County.

## Geography

### 1994 boundaries

When the district was first established, it represented parts of the Southwest Side of Chicago and the southwest suburbs of Cook County.

### 2001 redistricting

New boundaries were adopted in August 2001, with redistricting taking place following the 2000 United States Census.

In regards to townships and equivalent jurisdictions, the district's redistricted boundaries included portions of the city of Chicago and portions of the Stickney and Worth townships.

### 2012 redistricting

The district, as redistricted in 2012 following the 2010 United States Census, included Bedford Park, Bridgeview, Burbank, Chicago, Evergreen Park, Hometown, and Oak Lawn.

In regards to townships and equivalent jurisdictions, it included portions of the city of Chicago and portions of the Stickney and Worth townships.

The district was 42.59 square miles (27,259.26 acres).

### 2022 redistricting

The district as redistricted in 2022, following the 2020 United States Census, includes portions of the city of Chicago and portions of the Stickney and Worth townships.

## Politics

The district has only ever been represented by Democrat John P. Daley. He was won all of his elections by large margins.

## List of commissioners representing the district

| Commissioner | Party | Years | Electoral history |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| <br>**John P. Daley** | Democratic | December 1994–present | Previously served as commissioner from Chicago at-large; elected in 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018, 2022 |

## Election results

## InfoBox

| Cook County Board of Commissioners 11th district | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| District 11 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Cook |
| Townships and equivalent jurisdictions | list |
| Government | |
| Type | District |
| Body | Cook County Board of Commissioners |
| Commissioner | John P. Daley () |


title: Bruno Fitoussi

abstract: Bruno Fitoussi is a French professional poker player from Paris. Fitoussi's first televised poker outing was on the original poker show Late Night Poker. He finished 7th in his heat, which also featured Surinder Sunar, Peter "The Bandit" Evans and Donnacha O'Dea. In 2001, Fitoussi won the World Heads-Up Poker Championship, defeating Amarillo Slim in the Grand Final. In 2003, Fitoussi finished in 8th place in the first World Poker Tour (WPT) Championship. He also finished 15th in the $10,000 World Series of Poker (WSOP) Main Event. In 2005, Fitoussi finished 2nd in the $1,500 Seven Card Razz event. In 2007, Fitoussi finished 2nd to Freddy Deeb in the $50,000 WSOP H.O.R.S.E event, winning $1,278,720. As of 2024, his total live tournament winnings exceed $3,500,000. His 8 cashes at the WSOP account for $1,516,167 of those winnings.

text:
# Bruno Fitoussi

**Bruno Fitoussi** (born 21 September 1958) is a French professional poker player from Paris.

Fitoussi's first televised poker outing was on the original poker show Late Night Poker. He finished 7th in his heat, which also featured Surinder Sunar, Peter "The Bandit" Evans and Donnacha O'Dea.

In 2001, Fitoussi won the World Heads-Up Poker Championship, defeating Amarillo Slim in the Grand Final.

In 2003, Fitoussi finished in 8th place in the first World Poker Tour (WPT) Championship. He also finished 15th in the $10,000 World Series of Poker (WSOP) Main Event.

In 2005, Fitoussi finished 2nd in the $1,500 Seven Card Razz event.

In 2007, Fitoussi finished 2nd to Freddy Deeb in the $50,000 WSOP H.O.R.S.E event, winning $1,278,720.

As of 2024, his total live tournament winnings exceed $3,500,000. His 8 cashes at the WSOP account for $1,516,167 of those winnings.

1. "Austrian Masters 2001, World Heads Up Poker Championships Finals". *The Hendon Mob*. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
2. "World Poker Tour - WPT Championship, WPT Championship - No Limit Hold'em". *The Hendon Mob*. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
3. "34th World Series of Poker - WSOP 2003, World Championship Event". *The Hendon Mob*. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
4. "36th World Series of Poker - WSOP 2005, Seven Card Razz". *The Hendon Mob*. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
5. "38th World Series of Poker - WSOP 2007, World Championship H.O.R.S.E." *The Hendon Mob*. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
6. "Bruno Fitoussi's profile on The Hendon Mob". *The Hendon Mob Poker Database*. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
7. "Bruno Fitoussi". *WSOP.com*. Retrieved 22 December 2023.

## InfoBox

| Bruno Fitoussi | |
| --- | --- |
| Bruno Fitoussi, 2018 | |
| Nickname(s) | King |
| Residence | Paris, France |
| Born | 21 September 1958 (1958-09-21) (age 66) |
| World Series of Poker | |
| Bracelet(s) | *None* |
| Money finish(es) | 8 |
| Highest ITM<br>Main Event finish | 15th, 2003 |
| World Poker Tour | |
| Title(s) | *None* |
| Final table(s) | *None* |
| Money finish(es) | 4 |
|


title: Bug Howard

abstract: Johnathan "Bug" Howard is an American football tight end who is a free agent. He played college football at North Carolina.

text:
# Bug Howard

**Johnathan** "**Bug**" **Howard** (born November 28, 1994) is an American football tight end who is a free agent. He played college football at North Carolina.

## Early life

Howard, who was given the nickname "Bug" by his grandmother when he was a toddler, attended Wilcox County High School in Rochelle, Georgia.

## College career

Howard caught 22 passes in his freshman season at North Carolina. Howard scored the first touchdown of the 2015 college football season, his junior year, when he caught a touchdown pass from quarterback Marquise Williams in their game against the South Carolina Gamecocks.

In his four-year career at UNC, Howard played in 46 games. He caught 146 passes for 2,048 yards and scored 18 touchdowns. He had just four dropped passes in four seasons at UNC.

### Statistics

| Year | Team | GP | Rec | Yds | Avg | TD |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2013 | North Carolina | 10 | 22 | 278 | 12.6 | 4 |
| 2014 | North Carolina | 12 | 42 | 455 | 10.8 | 2 |
| 2015 | North Carolina | 12 | 29 | 488 | 16.8 | 4 |
| 2016 | North Carolina | 12 | 53 | 827 | 15.6 | 8 |
| Career | | 46 | 146 | 2,048 | 14.0 | 18 |

## Professional career

### Indianapolis Colts

After going undrafted in the 2017 NFL draft, Howard was signed as a free agent by the Indianapolis Colts. He was waived by the Colts at the end of the 2017 preseason.

### Cleveland Browns

On September 26, 2017, Howard was signed to the Cleveland Browns' practice squad. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Browns on January 1, 2018. He was waived by the Browns on April 12, 2018.

### Carolina Panthers

On May 14, 2018, Howard signed with the Carolina Panthers. He was waived on August 31, 2018, as part of final roster cuts.

### Atlanta Legends

On November 9, 2018, Howard signed with the Atlanta Legends of the Alliance of American Football (AAF) for the 2019 season.

### Denver Broncos

After the AAF ceased operations in April 2019, Howard signed with the Denver Broncos on May 13, 2019, following a mini-camp tryout. He was placed on injured reserve on August 21, 2019. He was waived from injured reserve with an injury settlement on August 30, 2019. He was re-signed to the practice squad on December 4, 2019. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Broncos on December 31, 2019. He was waived on April 27, 2020.

Howard joined the Alphas of The Spring League for its 2020 Fall season.

### Jacksonville Jaguars

On December 14, 2020, Howard signed with the practice squad of the Jacksonville Jaguars. His practice squad contract with the team expired after the season on January 11, 2021.

### Buffalo Bills

On July 30, 2021, Howard signed with the Buffalo Bills. He was waived on August 24, 2021.

### Philadelphia Stars

Howard was drafted by the Philadelphia Stars of the United States Football League (USFL) in the 18th round of the 2022 USFL draft. He was placed on the "did not report" list on April 1, but joined the team for training camp three days later. He signed a contract with the team on April 7.

### Tampa Bay Buccaneers

On July 29, 2022, Howard signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He was waived/injured on August 23 and placed on injured reserve. He was released on August 30.

### Philadelphia Stars (second stint)

On February 8, 2023, Howard signed with the Stars for his second stint with the team. He was transferred to the team's inactive list on March 19, 2023. The Stars folded when the XFL and USFL merged to create the United Football League (UFL).

### Statistics

USFL statistics
| Year | Team | Games | | Receiving | | | | | Fumbles | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | GP | GS | Rec | Yds | Avg | Lng | TD | Fum | Lost |
| 2022 | PHI | 10 | 8 | 30 | 371 | 12.4 | 41 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Career | | 10 | 8 | 30 | 371 | 12.4 | 41 | 4 | 0 | 0 |

## InfoBox

Bug Howard
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born: | (1994-11-28) November 28, 1994
Rochelle, Georgia, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) |
| Weight: | 228 lb (103 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Wilcox County
(Rochelle, Georgia) |
| College: | North Carolina (2013–2016) |
| Position: | Tight end |
| Undrafted: | 2017 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
| * Offseason and/or practice squad member only | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Saint Markella

abstract: Saint Markella or Marcella was an inhabitant of 14th century Chios who was canonized by the Greek Orthodox Church. Her feast day is celebrated on 22 July.

text:
# Saint Markella

**Saint Markella** or **Marcella (**Greek: Μαρκέλλα) was an inhabitant of 14th century Chios who was canonized by the Greek Orthodox Church. Her feast day is celebrated on 22 July.

## Life

Information about her life and martyrdom was unknown as stated in the synaxarium of 1810, as well as of 1868 which quoted only some information about her ritual worship in Chios. Also mentioned by Leo Allatius in 1648, without any attributions of her identity. In the 1860s, her date of birth appears around 1500 AD for the first time. This chronology doesn't concur with the account of Leo Allatius who seems to have little information about her (he was born in 1586 and the memories of her life would still be fresh) and probably the events of her life will go further back in time.

Therefore, based on the tradition that started in the 19th century, it is said that Saint Markella was born and lived in Volissos, Chios, Greece. She was raised as a devout Christian by her mother. However, her father (in some accounts) was a pagan.

St. Markella lived during the fourteenth century - during most of which Chios was under Genoese rule. At a young age, her mother died and St. Markella continued to study the Bible, pray to God and live a life according to what she was taught.

Around the time of her eighteenth birthday, the virtuous St. Markella had to flee the fury of her violent father. There are variant accounts given about the reasons for that. In one version, while St. Markella's late mother had been a Christian, her father was an idolater and he tried very hard to force his daughter to become an idolater, too; this seems anachronistic, since by the 14th Century paganism was long since extinct in Greece. By another version, the problem was that St. Markella's father was consumed with incestuous lust for her, and she fled in horror when he declared his intentions.

Whatever her reason for being afraid of her father, St. Markella fled to nearby mountains and hid in a bush. Her father found her with the help of a local herdsmen, and they set fire to the bush to force her to show.

St. Markella ran to the sea to escape but her father aimed an arrow at her and wounded her. As believed by the local people, the blood of the saint dyed the rocks and to this very day, during the festivities for her feast day, at a specific time, her blood becomes visible on these rocks for all the faithful who bear witness to this miracle.

It is further believed that as she was injured, she prayed to Jesus - her final moments spent in prayer requesting that the rocks would open for her to hide from her father and this happened. However, the opened rock enabled her to hide all of her body inside, but not her head. Her father decapitated her and threw the head into the sea. Her head floated to the nearby beach of Komi.

For many years, the locals could not locate the head until one day an Italian (presumably Genoese) warship was in the area. In the evening, the Italians could see a bright light coming from the distance and when they got closer they witnessed a head, floating in the water, lit by upright floating candles. Immediately, they realized that this was a sacred miracle they were witness to and they took the head of the Saint back to their homeland.

Local tradition also has it that holy water springs from the rocks that mark her martyrdom. Many pilgrims visit this location and every year on 22 July, during the commemoration services for the Saint. If a pilgrim's faith is strong, a local tradition is that the water in the rock-pool will feel extremely warm to touch.

## Religious significance

Today there is a church on the cave of St. Markella. The rock in which she was killed is said to spring holy water. Her nameday is on 22 July and on that day the sea is said to boil. The icon of St. Markella is one of the most revered and is said to be miraculous.

## Hymns

A special prayer (Apolytikion) is dedicated to Saint Markella:

Rose of piety and sprout of Chios, we honour with canticles Saint Markella who was beheaded by her father's hand, as she guarded the commands of Christ, give strength and save from danger, us who cry unto you. Glory to Him who gave you strength, glory to Him who crowned you. Glory to Him who works through you, healings for all the faithful.

## InfoBox

| Saint
Markella | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Martyr | |
| Born | 14th century
Volissos, Chios, Greece |
| Venerated in | Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Major shrine | Church near her place of death. The icon of Saint Markella is one of the most revered and is said to be miraculous. |
| Feast | 22 July |
| Attributes | palm branch, cross, scroll, (occasionally) being beheaded by her father |
| Patronage | Chios |


title: Bryan Dumesnil

abstract: Bryan William Dumesnil is a Canadian former professional baseball pitcher.

text:
# Bryan Dumesnil

**Bryan William Dumesnil** (born September 19, 1983) is a Canadian former professional baseball pitcher.

## Career

Dumesnil was a member of the Nanaimo Pirates of the B.C. Premier Baseball League.

Dumesnil was a member of Team Canada during the 2009 World Baseball Classic, although he did not enter either of Canada's two games during the preliminary stage of the tournament at the Rogers Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He was also on Team Canada for the 2009 Baseball World Cup.

Signed with the LA Dodgers in 2002. Played in the Gulf Coast league and pioneer league.

2004 signed with the Baltimore Orioles. Played in the Appy league and 2005 in the New York Penn league with the Ironbirds.

In 2006 he joined the Can Am league with Quebec City and won the Can Am Championship. He remained a Capitale in 2007 when the Atlanta Braves purchased his contract and sent him to Rome in the South Atlantic League, finishing the year in Myrtle Beach in the Carolina League.

2008 started back in Myrtle beach with an all star appearance followed by a call up to AA with the Mississippi Braves. They won the AA championship that year.

2009 started back in Mississippi where he was released from the Braves and signed by the Toronto Blue Jays and sent to New Hampshire.

2010-2012 played with the Southern Maryland Blue Crabs in the Atlantic League.

## InfoBox

| Bryan Dumesnil | |
| --- | --- |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:**  (1983-09-19) September 19, 1983<br>Nanaimo, British Columbia | |
| **Bats:** Right**Throws:** Left | |
|  | |
| Medals      Men's baseball  Representing   Canada   Baseball World Cup  2009 Nettuno  Team | |


title: Saint-Sauveur de Bellême Church

abstract: The Saint-Sauveur de Bellême Church is a Catholic parish church in Bellême city, in the French department of Orne within the Normandy region. At present, it is the only surviving church in the town. It was built in classical style during the 16th and 17th centuries on the site of a former chapel. The interior contains some old features, but was largely rebuilt in the 19th century. The nave is surrounded by four chapels to the north and four to the south. The tower was listed as a historic monument in 1936, followed by the entire building in 1987. Elements of the statuary, paintings, woodwork, and furniture are protected as historic monuments.

text:
# Saint-Sauveur de Bellême Church

The **Saint-Sauveur de Bellême Church** is a Catholic parish church in Bellême city, in the French department of Orne within the Normandy region. At present, it is the only surviving church in the town.

It was built in classical style during the 16th and 17th centuries on the site of a former chapel. The interior contains some old features, but was largely rebuilt in the 19th century. The nave is surrounded by four chapels to the north and four to the south.

The tower (bell tower-porch) was listed as a historic monument in 1936, followed by the entire building in 1987. Elements of the statuary, paintings, woodwork, and furniture are protected as historic monuments.

## History

As early as the 11th century, two chapels, Saint-Pierre and Saint-Sauveur, were built outside the walls of the enclosed town of Bellême.

The foundations of the current building date from the 15th century. During the Wars of Religion, the chapel of Saint-Sauveur was destroyed by the troops of Gaspard II de Coligny in 1562 and 1572; the church was almost entirely rebuilt at the end of the 16th century. Jean Palastre was the architect ("master mason") of the church in 1622.

A new reconstruction campaign took place between 1678 and 1715. The front tower, which forms a bell tower and porch, was built in 1678. While the south-side chapels were built throughout the 17th century. The architect Léonard Manguin designed two of these chapels in 1658, the Le Roy and Petigars chapels, followed by the Saint-Thomas chapel in 1661. The sacristy and surrounding galleries, located behind the choir, were added in the second half of the 19th century.

Saint-Sauveur is the parish church of Bellême's town center, although its curacy is one of the smallest in the diocese. Regional masses are sometimes held in this church. On March 31, 1789, when the Estates General were convoked, the assembly of the three orders of the province of Perche met for a solemn mass in the church of Saint-Sauveur before going to deliberate.

In 1936, the tower was listed as a historic monument, followed on November 6, 1987, by the entire church.

The church is usually referred to as the "church of Bellême", being the only remaining church in the town. In the 21st century, it was part of the parish of Saint-Léonard-des-Clairières, attached to the Bellême deanery in the diocese of Séez. In addition to Sunday mass, it hosts various parish celebrations and concerts.

## Architecture

Built in the classical style, the church stands imposingly at 48 metres (157 ft) long and 15 metres (49 ft) wide. It consists of a bell tower above a porch, a nave with four side chapels on each side, and a five-sided choir.

The nave is 14 metres (46 ft) wide and lit by narrow, spaced windows. It is topped by an inverted ship-shaped roof with parquet flooring. The north-side chapels are integrated into the nave, while those on the south side are covered by a small roof, with an octagonal gable following the gradient of the nave roof.

The choir is continued by a five-sided apse. It is fairly dark, lit by windows on four of its five sides. The sacristy is attached to the fifth side, surrounded by low galleries arranged in a horseshoe shape around the chevet of the church and surmounted by a medieval gallery.

The porch bell tower on the west side of the church is the main architectural feature of the building. It is built from very hard silicified limestone and supported by four massive buttresses. These rise just above the nave wall, and the two on the outside of the façade are topped by *pots à feu* (fr). The portal, located between the two central buttresses, is framed by two columns with Ionic capitals and is connected to the roadway by a five-sided stoop. The second register contains all the ornamentation. On each of the buttresses, a niche houses a statue of an evangelist, and in the center, a niche houses a statue of a cast-iron Christ. The *cul-de-lampes* (a type of corbel in "church lamp"-style) (fr) supporting the evangelists are decorated with foliage. A third register, at the start of the roofs, decorates the top of the buttresses with mascarons and rinceau.

## Interior layout

The interior of the church contains some old features, but was largely rebuilt in the 19th century.

### Choir

The choir is one step higher than the nave. The walls are covered with wood panelling from the Chartreuse de Val-Dieu dating back to the 18th century. Above the doors leading to the galleries of the sacristy are two paintings, also from the Carthusian monastery and dated 1768. One depicts Saint Anthony visiting Saint Paul the Hermit and the other Saint Bruno prostrate while another Carthusian digs a grave.

The centerpiece of the choir is the black marble, polychrome wood, gilded high altar. It dates from 1712 and occupies almost the entire space between the two doors. The pediment features Christ in Majesty. The altar box, in painted wood, *ronde-bosse*-style (in the round, free standing), is decorated with a Paschal lamb and two bas-reliefs. The one on the left, inspired by Leonardo da Vinci, represents the Last Supper, and the one on the right the maundy. The five-sided gilded wood tabernacle is framed by four columns that define the niches containing the statues. The altarpiece is set back under a wide cornice and canopy supported by six black marble columns topped with Corinthian capitals.

The central painting depicts the transfiguration of Christ. Measuring 2.8 metres (9 ft 2 in) high and 2.1 metres (6 ft 11 in) wide, it was painted in 1705 by Jacques Oudry and installed in the church at the end of March 1706. The c*onseil de fabrique* (parish church administration) paid the painter 165 livres for his work.

### Side chapels

The nave is flanked by four chapels to the north and the same number to the south. Most of them are decorated with old copies of paintings.

#### Northern chapels

Originally three in number, a fourth chapel was added at the end of the 19th century to restore symmetry with the southern chapels.

The first chapel up the nave, and the narrowest, is the Chapel of the Scapular. It houses a neo-classical altar and a painting of the Holy Family dating from the second half of the 18th century.

The second chapel was previously devoted to Saint Anne and has since been consecrated to the Virgin Mary. It was completely redecorated for the family of Aristide Boucicaut in 1878. On the outside wall, a marble funerary monument is adorned with an inscription in memory of the mother of the founder of Bon Marché. A Rosary painting by William Bouguereau adorns the altar and three mosaic medallions representing Saint Francis of Assisi, Saint James, and Saint Dominic complete the marble decorations.

The third chapel is dedicated to Saint Louis. It contains a classical-style altar built in the early 19th century and adorned with an altarpiece depicting the Entombment, painted in 1699.

The fourth chapel is devoted to Notre-Dame Auxiliatrice. Unlike the other more recent chapels, its window dates from the 15th century. The stained glass window, created between 1920 and 1925 by Louis Barillet and Jacques Le Chevallier, depicts the apparition of Saint Michael to Joan of Arc and commemorates the dead from World War I.

#### Southern chapels

The dates engraved on the keystones indicate that these chapels were inaugurated consecutively during the 17th century.

Going up the nave, the first chapel is devoted to Saint Catherine of Alexandria. It features a painting of the Adoration of the Shepherds, by Nicolas Mignard, on a classical polychrome stone altar.

The second chapel contains a painting of Saint Thomas the Apostle touching the five holy wounds. A copy of a painting by Francesco Salviati that is now in the Louvre.

The third chapel is currently dedicated to the Immaculate Conception, after having been devoted to Saint Louis until the mid-nineteenth century. A funerary monument in limestone and black marble is attached to the outside wall of the chapel. It is the tomb of Louis Petitgars, Seigneur de la Bergerie, who died in 1669 after founding the chapel in 1662.

The fourth chapel is devoted to Saint Joseph. It contains a painting of the four Evangelists by Nicolas-René Jollain, created in 1780 for the Val-Dieu Charterhouse, placed in the Alençon library in 1792, and then deposited in the church of Saint-Sauveur.

### Baptismal font

The baptismal font was created in 1684 by the Mance sculptor Durand. The basin rests on a support that widens out at the base. Three metres (9.8 ft) high and more than one metre (3 ft 3 in) wide, the basins and bas-reliefs are made of limestone, while the high reliefs are in stucco.

Above the basin lies an altarpiece divided into three panels. The baptism of Christ is depicted in the center. Beneath a sort of pediment, a bust of God the Father dominates the scene. Two statuettes of cherubs frame this central scene, despite the fact that the originals were stolen in the 1970s. The sides of the altarpiece are separated by Corinthian columns.

### Ceiling

During the restoration of the church in the 19th century, the ceiling was repainted. Like many Normandy churches, it is composed of painted paneling covering an inverted hull frame made up of four sections at different angles.

1. Siguret 1957, p. 27.
2. "Eglise Paroissiale Saint-Sauveur" archive, at *actuacity.com* (accessed November 1, 2014).
3. "Églises du Perche ornais: les maçons" archive, on *Églises du Perche ornais* (accessed November 1, 2014).
4. Record no PA00110741 archive, Mérimée database, French Ministry of Culture.
5. Travers 1896, p. 283.
6. Fret 1840, pp. 272-273.
7. Fret 1840, pp. 301–302.
8. "Paroisses - Saint-Léonard-des-Clairières" archive, at *orne.catholique.fr* (diocèse de Sées) (accessed November 1, 2014).
9. "Septembre musical de l'Orne" archive, at *http://www.septembre-musical.com/*  \[archive\] (accessed on November 1, 2014).
10. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 27.
11. Association des amis du Perche 1976.
12. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 31.
13. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 28.
14. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 29.
15. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 30.
16. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 34.
17. Record no PM61000145 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
18. Travers 1896, p. 284.
19. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 35.
20. Record no PM61000141 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
21. Record no PM61000144 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
22. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 36.
23. Travers 1896, p. 285.
24. Association des amis du Perche 1976, p. 33.
25. Record no. IM61000770 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
26. Record no PM61000147 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
27. Record no. IM61000746 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
28. Record no PM61000143 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
29. Record no. IM61000743 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
30. Record no. IM61000769 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.
31. Siguret 1957, p. 28.
32. Record no. IM61000766 archive, Palissy database, French Ministry of Culture.

### Bibliography

* Association des amis du Perche, "Église Saint-Sauveur", *Cahiers Percherons*, no 51 "Bellême I", 1976 ISBN 2-900122-52-X.
* Philippe Siguret, "Bellême: History and Tourism", *Cahiers Percherons*, no 4, 1957.
* Émile Travers, *La Normandie monumentale et pittoresque : Orne deuxième partie*, Le Havre, Lemale, 1896 (read online archive).
* Louis-Joseph Fret, *Antiquités et chroniques percheronnes*, vol. 3, Glaçon, 1840 (read online archive).

## InfoBox

| Saint-Sauveur de Bellême Church | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| The bell tower at sunset. | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Type | Parish church |
| Architectural style | Classical architecture |
| Town or city | Bellême commune, Orne department, Normandy region. |
| Country | France |
| Coordinates | 48°22′36″N 0°33′37″E / 48.37667°N 0.56028°E / 48.37667; 0.56028 |
| Year(s) built | 16th and 17th centuries |
| Owner | Municipality of the Bellême commune |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Various, including Jean Palastre and Léonard Manguin. |
| Awards and prizes | Monument historique (1936, tower) Monument historique (1987) |
| Designations | Adscribed to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Séez jurisdiction from the Catholic Church confession |


title: Bu of Wa

abstract: Bu of Wa (武) was a Japanese king in the late 5th century. Son of Sai of Wa and brother of Ko of Wa, he was the last of the "Five kings of Wa". He is considered to be the 21st Emperor Yūryaku.

text:
# Bu of Wa

Genealogy of the Five kings of Wa and Emperors
| Book of Song | Book of Liang |
| --- | --- |
| San of Wa
(421, 425 ce) Chin of Wa
(438 ce)   Sai of Wa
(443, 451 ce)   Ko of Wa
(462 ce) Bu of Wa
(478 ce) | San of Wa Chin of Wa   Sai of Wa   Ko of Wa Bu of Wa |
| Genealogy of Emperors in Nihon Shoki (Numbers in parentheses are Japanese epithets) | |
| 15 Ojin
(誉田別)   16 Nintoku
(大鷦鷯)   17 Richū
(去来穂別) 18 Hanzei
(瑞歯別) 19 Ingyō
(雄朝津間稚子宿禰)   Ichinobe no Oshiwa Kinshari 20 Ankō
(穴穂) 21 Yūryaku
(大泊瀬幼武) | |

**Bu of Wa** (武) was a Japanese king in the late 5th century (middle Kofun era).

Son of Sai of Wa and brother of Ko of Wa, he was the last of the "Five kings of Wa". He is considered to be the 21st Emperor Yūryaku.

## Records

Table of Changes in the General Names of Koguryo Kings, Baekje Kings, and Japanese Kings
| Year | Goguryeo | Baekje | Wa |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 317 | Eastern Jin | | |
| 372 |  | Geunchogo of Baekje |  |
| 386 |  | Jinsa of Baekje |  |
| 413 | Jangsu of Goguryeo |  |  |
| 416 | Jangsu of Goguryeo | Jeonji of Baekje |  |
| 420 | **Liu Song dynasty** | | |
| |  | Jeonji of Baekje |  |
| 421 |  |  | San of Wa |
| 438 |  |  | Chin of Wa |
| 443 |  |  | Sai of Wa |
| 451 |  |  | Sai of Wa |
| 457 |  | Gaero of Baekje |  |
| 462 |  |  | Ko of Wa |
| 463 | Jangsu of Goguryeo |  |  |
| 478 |  |  | Bu of Wa |
| 479 | **Southern Qi** | | |
| |  |  | Bu of Wa |
| 480 | Jangsu of Goguryeo | Moudu |  |
| 490 |  | Dongseong of Baekje |  |
| 494 | Munjamyeong of Goguryeo |  |  |
| 502 | **Liang dynasty** | | |
| | Munjamyeong of Goguryeo | Dongseong of Baekje | Bu of Wa |

## Annotations

**Footnotes**

**References**

1. Zhang, Xuefeng (2010-01-01). "The Formation of East Asian World during the 4th and 5th Centuries: A Study Based on Chinese Sources". *Frontiers of History in China*. **5** (4): 525–548. doi:10.1007/s11462-010-0110-z. ISSN 1673-3401. S2CID 154743659.
2. "倭王武". *日本人名大辞典* (in Japanese). 講談社.
3. Mori, Kimiyuki; 森公章 (2010). *Wa no Goō : 5-seiki no Higashi Ajia to Waō gunzō* (1-han ed.). Tōkyō: Yamakawa Shuppansha. ISBN 978-4-634-54802-2. OCLC 609537044.
* +

## InfoBox

| Bu of Wa | |
| --- | --- |
| *King of Wa* | |
| Predecessor | Ko of Wa |
| Successor | Emperor Seinei? |
| Issue | Emperor Yuryaku? |
| Posthumous name  Emperor Yuryaku? | |


title: Buikwe

abstract: Buikwe, sometimes spelled Buyikwe, is a town in Buikwe District, Uganda. It is the administrative center of the district and the location of the district headquarters.

text:
# Buikwe

**Buikwe**, sometimes spelled **Buyikwe**, is a town in Buikwe District, Uganda. It is the administrative center of the district and the location of the district headquarters.

## Location

Buikwe is approximately 67 kilometres (42 mi) east of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city and 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Lugazi, the nearest large town. The coordinates of Buikwe Town Council are 0°20'36.0"N, 33°01'44.0"E (Latitude:0.343333; Longitude:33.028889).

## Overview

Buikwe is a small town in the south-east of the Central Region. It is the home base of the Nalubaale Football Club.

## Population

On 27 August 2014, the national population census put Buikwe's population at 16,633. In 2015, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), estimated the population of Buikwe at 16,800 people. In 2020, he population agency estimated the mid-year population of the town at 18,500, of whom 9,700 (52.4 percent) were female and 8,800 (47.6 percent) were male. UBOS calculated the annual rate of population growth of the town to average 1.95 percent annually, between 2015 and 2020.

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 | 16,633 |  |
| 2015 | 16,800 | +1.0% |
| 2020 | 18,500 | +10.1% |
| source: | | |

## Points of interest

The following points of interest are found in or near Buikwe Town Council.

The offices of Buikwe District Administration, the offices of Buikwe Town Council and Buikwe Central Market. Also found here is St. Charles Lwanga Buikwe Hospital, an 80-bed community hospital founded by missionaries from the Czech Republic.

The town also hosts a number of places of worship; including *Buikwe Full Gospel Church*, affiliated with the Pentecostal Movement, Buikwe Church of Uganda, Buikwe Seventh Day Adventist Church and Buikwe Roman Catholic Church.

00°20′39″N 33°01′48″E / 0.34417°N 33.03000°E / 0.34417; 33.03000

## InfoBox

| Buikwe Buyikwe | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Buikwe, Buikwe District, Uganda | |
| BuikweLocation in Uganda | |
| Coordinates: 00°20′39″N 33°01′48″E / 0.34417°N 33.03000°E / 0.34417; 33.03000 | |
| Country | Uganda |
| Region | Central Region |
| District | Buikwe District |
| County | Buikwe County |
| Constituency | Buikwe South |
| Government | |
| Member of Parliament | Lulume Bayigga |
| Elevation | 4,049 ft (1,234 m) |
| Population (2014 Census) | |
| Total | 18,500 |
| Website | Homepage |


title: Buccochromis oculatus

abstract: Buccochromis oculatus is a species of haplochromine cichlid. It is endemic to Lake Malawi where it is found at 18 meters depth in Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes. The only threat may be potential overfishing. This taxon is regarded a junior synonym of Buccochromis nototaenia by the IUCN.

text:
# Buccochromis oculatus

***Buccochromis oculatus*** is a species of haplochromine cichlid. It is endemic to Lake Malawi where it is found at 18 meters depth in Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes. The only threat may be potential overfishing. This taxon is regarded a junior synonym of *Buccochromis nototaenia* by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).

## Sources

## InfoBox

| *Buccochromis oculatus* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cichliformes |
| Family: | Cichlidae |
| Genus: | *Buccochromis* |
| Species: | ***B. oculatus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Buccochromis oculatus***
(Trewavas, 1935) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Haplochromis oculatus* Trewavas, 1935 * *Cyrtocara oculata* (Trewavas, 1935) | |


title: Saltbox Seafood Joint

abstract: Saltbox Seafood Joint is a seafood restaurant in Durham, North Carolina. Chef–owner Ricky Moore established the business in the Old Five Points neighborhood in October 2012. He added a food truck in 2014 and opened a second larger brick and mortar restaurant in 2017. The original location closed in August 2021 with the expiration of a ten-year lease, and the business continues to operate on Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard. Saltbox Seafood Joint focuses on local fish and changes the menu daily. In addition to seafood staples like clams, crabs, oysters, and scallops, the restaurant has served fried cornmeal fritters called "Hush-Honeys" as well as special dishes to celebrate select holidays and observances such as Black History Month, National Hispanic Heritage Month, Thanksgiving, and Veterans Day. The business has received positive reviews, being named "Best New Restaurant" by The News & Observer and earning Moore a James Beard Foundation Award in the Best Chef: Southeast category in 2022.

text:
# Saltbox Seafood Joint

**Saltbox Seafood Joint** is a seafood restaurant in Durham, North Carolina. Chef–owner Ricky Moore established the business in the Old Five Points neighborhood in October 2012. He added a food truck in 2014 and opened a second larger brick and mortar restaurant in 2017. The original location closed in August 2021 with the expiration of a ten-year lease, and the business continues to operate on Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard.

Saltbox Seafood Joint focuses on local fish and changes the menu daily. In addition to seafood staples like clams, crabs, oysters, and scallops, the restaurant has served fried cornmeal fritters called "Hush-Honeys" as well as special dishes to celebrate select holidays and observances such as Black History Month, National Hispanic Heritage Month, Thanksgiving, and Veterans Day. The business has received positive reviews, being named "Best New Restaurant" by *The News & Observer* and earning Moore a James Beard Foundation Award in the Best Chef: Southeast category in 2022.

## Description

Owned by Black chef Ricky Moore, Saltbox Seafood Joint (SSJ) is a seafood restaurant in Durham, North Carolina. The restaurant's exterior has a sign with the text "NC Seafood". According to Vanessa Real Williams of *Indy Week*, the restaurant is "shaped like a shrimp boat and painted an unexpected pastel green color—modern and fresh, like the restaurant itself". The front of the restaurant has large picture windows and the back walls have pine paneling. The interior also features exposed brick and a large poster of Moore's cookbook.

According to Addie Ladner of *Walter Magazine*, the chalkboard menu display is changed daily "based on what the tides bring in". Various fish have included amberjack, black drum, bluefish, butterfish, catfish, croakers, dogfish, flounder, herring, hogfish, king mackerel, mackerel, mullet, red drum, red snapper, ribbonfish, sheepshead, snowy grouper, spadefish, spot, striped bass, swordfish, tilefish, triggerfish, grey and speckled trout, tuna, white perch, and whiting. Shellfish have included bay scallops, blue crab, clams, oysters, shrimp, and soft-shell crab.

The oyster sandwich has fried oysters and cabbage fennel coleslaw on bread toasted in seafood butter. Oysters have also been paired with a dipping sauce which includes ketchup, mayonnaise, mustard, hot sauce, vinegar, salt, and pepper. The menu has included "Hush-Honeys", or fried cornmeal fritters described as "half hushpuppy, half zeppole (a fried Italian dessert), drizzled with spices and honey". Rolls, house-made chips with fried onions and green bell peppers, and various sides have also been served. The "good" tea is sweetened with simple syrup and has crushed ice.

## History

Inspired by the hawker stalls and street food of Singapore, Moore opened the original 205-square-foot restaurant in October 2012, in a former hot dog stand on North Mangum Street in Durham's Old Five Points neighborhood. He expanded the business with a food truck in 2014. As of 2015, Moore used chard, cucumbers, kale, potatoes, scallions, and tomatoes from the nearby urban garden Sweet Beet City Farm.

Moore opened a second 2,200-square-foot brick and mortar restaurant on Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard in 2017. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he supported the use of face masks by patrons, and shared a message on social media criticizing those who refused to do so. Moore and SSJ received a $25,000 prize from Discover's Eat It Forward campaign, which celebrates and supports Black-owned businesses, in August 2020.

The Old Five Points restaurant closed on August 22, 2021, when the ten-year lease expired. SSJ's five employees were all women, as of 2022.

SSJ has served special dishes to commemorate select holidays and observances. On Veterans Day in 2020, the restaurant offered a "military-inspired" seafood variant of chipped beef. For Thanksgiving, the original restaurant served crab grits and the second location hosted a lobster roll social. In 2022, SSJ celebrated Black History Month by offering new dishes each Wednesday during the month of February. The specials, which Moore said commemorated the annual observance as well as the Pan-African influence of the Atlantic slave trade, included fried catfish and spaghetti, bake and shark, Senegalese fish yassa, and Moqueca Baiana (Brazilian fish stew). The restaurant has also celebrated National Hispanic Heritage Month.

## Reception

SSJ was named "Best New Restaurant" by *The News & Observer*. Jill Warren Lucas of *Our State* wrote, "it's not the press or even the word of mouth that keeps people coming back. The draw is simple: It's the taste and aroma of perfectly cooked, imaginatively seasoned, impeccably fresh fish." In 2013, *Saveur* editors said SSJ "fulfills our wildest fantasies of what a takeout fish shack can be".

The restaurant was included in *Southern Living*'s 2014 list of "The South's Best Cheap Eats under $10". *Eater* included SSJ in a 2017 list of "The South's 38 Essential Restaurants". In 2020, D.G. Martin of *The Pilot* described the Hush-Honeys "a little salty, a little spicy, and a little sweet" and wrote, "They're the perfect complement to the best seafood you're liable to find anywhere, let alone in the middle of the Tar Heel State."

Adrian Miller included SSJ in *Southern Living*'s 2021 overview of "The South's Best Soul Food" and recommended the grouper bites. Sarah Edwards of *Indy Week* said the restaurant "has accrued a well-deserved following over the years, with politicians factoring chef Ricky Moore's fried fish into campaign stops". SSJ was named "Best Seafood Restaurant in the Triangle" by readers of *Indy Week* in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. The restaurant earned Moore a James Beard Foundation Award in the Best Chef: Southeast category in 2022. *The News & Observer* named him Tar Heel of the Year, which recognizes North Carolina residents "who have made a lasting and significant impact", in 2022.

## InfoBox

| Saltbox Seafood Joint | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Restaurant information | |
| Established | 2012 (2012) |
| Owner(s) | Ricky Moore |
| Chef | Ricky Moore |
| Food type | Seafood |
| Street address | 2637 Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard |
| City | Durham |
| State | North Carolina |
| Postal/ZIP Code | 27707 |
| Country | United States |
| Coordinates | 35°58′27″N 78°55′45″W / 35.9741°N 78.9291°W / 35.9741; -78.9291 |


title: Buckinghamshire Way

abstract:
The Buckinghamshire Way is long-distance walking route along the length of Buckinghamshire; which is to say the traditional county. It was developed as a walking route in celebration of the county for the Association of British Counties.
  - Southern trailhead: West of Lammas Park and its London Stone where Staines-upon-Thames meets Hythe End, WraysburyTQ026720
  - Northern trailhead: Northey Farm SP901561 The route is a single route starting close to the southernmost point of the traditional county in Hythe End and finishing at the northern limit of Lavendon. It is 88 miles (142 km) and was first walked in 2019, taking four days, leisurely. Sites on or close to the path include the Ankerwycke Meadow, Eton College, Cliveden, the Chequers Estate, Waddesdon Manor, the Quainton Windmill, Milton Keynes and Olney. The walk is not currently waymarked. It incorporates sections of a number of waymarked routes, including the Thames Path, the Chiltern Way, the South Bucks Way, the North Bucks Way (extensively) and Aylesbury Outer Ring, the Midshires Way and the Grand Union Canal towpath, along with local paths.

text:
# Buckinghamshire Way

The **Buckinghamshire Way** is long-distance walking route along the length of Buckinghamshire; which is to say the traditional county. It was developed as a walking route in celebration of the county for the Association of British Counties.

The route is a single route starting close to the southernmost point of the traditional county in Hythe End and finishing at the northern limit of Lavendon. It is 88 miles (142 km) and was first walked in 2019, taking four days, leisurely.

Sites on or close to the path include the Ankerwycke Meadow, Eton College, Cliveden, the Chequers Estate, Waddesdon Manor, the Quainton Windmill, Milton Keynes and Olney.

The walk is not currently waymarked. It incorporates sections of a number of waymarked routes, including the Thames Path, the Chiltern Way, the South Bucks Way, the North Bucks Way (extensively) and Aylesbury Outer Ring, the Midshires Way and the Grand Union Canal towpath, along with local paths.

## InfoBox

| Buckinghamshire Way | |
| --- | --- |
| The Buckinghamshire Way west of Great Missenden | |
| Length | 88 mi (142 km) |
| Location | Buckinghamshire, UK |
| Trailheads | West of Lammas Park and its London Stone, Staines-upon-ThamesTQ026720<br>Lavendon SP901561 |
| Use | Hiking |
| Highest point | 817 feet (Pulpit Hill) |
| Difficulty | Moderate |


title: Buffalo G

abstract: Buffalo G were an Irish girl group who were active in 2000. The duo consisted of Naomi Lynch and Olive Tucker. The duo released one single in Ireland and the United Kingdom: "We're Really Saying Something", a rap cover version of the 1982 song by Bananarama, itself a cover of the 1964 original version by the Velvelettes. The song, released on 29 May 2000, peaked at number 13 in Ireland in June 2000 and remained in the Irish charts for three weeks; it reached number 17 in the United Kingdom and was in the top 40 for two weeks. Lynch is the younger sister of Edele Lynch and Keavy Lynch of Irish girl group B*Witched, Shane Lynch of the boy band Boyzone, and Tara Lynch of the girl group Fab! She went on to develop a career as a fire dancer. Tucker has since trained within the health and beauty industry, and is now the creative director for Wella.

text:
# Buffalo G

**Buffalo G** were an Irish girl group who were active in 2000. The duo consisted of Naomi Lynch (born 6 April 1983) and Olive Tucker (born 4 August 1983). The duo released one single in Ireland and the United Kingdom: "We're Really Saying Something", a rap cover version of the 1982 song by Bananarama, itself a cover of the 1964 original version by the Velvelettes. The song, released on 29 May 2000, peaked at number 13 in Ireland in June 2000 and remained in the Irish charts for three weeks; it reached number 17 in the United Kingdom and was in the top 40 for two weeks.

Lynch is the younger sister of Edele Lynch and Keavy Lynch of Irish girl group B\*Witched, Shane Lynch of the boy band Boyzone, and Tara Lynch of the girl group Fab! She went on to develop a career as a fire dancer. Tucker has since trained within the health and beauty industry, and is now the creative director for Wella.

## Discography

### Single

## InfoBox

| Buffalo G | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Dublin, Ireland |
| Genres | Pop |
| Years active | 2000 |
| Labels | Epic Records |
|  | |
| Past members | Naomi Lynch<br>Olive Tucker |


title: Buffalo Municipal Airport (Missouri)

abstract: Buffalo Municipal Airport is a city-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile north of the central business district of Buffalo, a city in Dallas County, Missouri, United States.

text:
# Buffalo Municipal Airport (Missouri)

**Buffalo Municipal Airport** (FAA LID: **H17**) is a city-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.15 mi (1.85 km)) north of the central business district of Buffalo, a city in Dallas County, Missouri, United States.

## Facilities and aircraft

Buffalo Municipal Airport covers an area of 67 acres (27 ha) at an elevation of 1,154 feet (352 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 3/21 with a 3,220 by 50 ft (981 by 15 m) with an asphalt surface and one helipad with a 40 by 40 feet (12 by 12 metres) with an asphalt surface.

For the 12-month period ending June 30, 2009, the airport had 1,650 aircraft operations, an average of 137 per month: 98.5% general aviation and 1.5% military. At that time there were 7 aircraft based at this airport: 86% single-engine and 14% multi-engine.

1. FAA Airport Form 5010 for H17 PDF. Federal Aviation Administration. Effective 30 June 2011.
* "Buffalo Municipal (H17)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-08-25. Retrieved 2011-07-12. from MoDOT Airport Directory
* Aerial photo as of 1 April 1996 from USGS *The National Map*
*
* Resources for this airport:

## InfoBox

| Buffalo Municipal Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Owner | City of Buffalo |
| Serves | Buffalo, Missouri |
| Elevation AMSL | 1,154 ft / 352 m |
| Coordinates | 37°39′15″N 093°05′13″W / 37.65417°N 93.08694°W / 37.65417; -93.08694 |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  3/21 3,220 981 Asphalt | |
| Helipads | |
| Number Length Surface  ft m  H1 40 12 Asphalt | |
| Statistics (2009) | |
| Aircraft operations 1,650  Based aircraft 7 | |
| Source: Federal Aviation Administration | |


title: Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad

abstract: The Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad is a Class II railroad operating in New York and Pennsylvania. The BPRR is owned by Genesee & Wyoming. Its main line runs between Buffalo, New York, and Eidenau, Pennsylvania, north of Pittsburgh. Here, connections are made to the city center via the Allegheny Valley Railroad. The system runs largely on former Baltimore & Ohio (B&O) lines. The entire BPRR system is 728 miles (1,172 km). Major commodities carried include paper, petroleum products, chemicals, coal, steel, and sand.

text:
# Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad

The **Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad** (reporting mark **BPRR**) is a Class II railroad operating in New York and Pennsylvania.

The BPRR is owned by Genesee & Wyoming. Its main line runs between Buffalo, New York, and Eidenau, Pennsylvania, north of Pittsburgh. Here, connections are made to the city center via the Allegheny Valley Railroad. The system runs largely on former Baltimore & Ohio (B&O) lines. The entire BPRR system is 728 miles (1,172 km).

Major commodities carried include paper, petroleum products, chemicals, coal, steel, and sand.

## Main line

The Buffalo-Eidenau main line passes through Salamanca, NY, Bradford, PA, Johnsonburg, PA, DuBois, PA, Punxsutawney, PA, and Butler, PA.

Principal rail yards are located at Butler, Punxsutawney (Riker), and Buffalo, with support yards for local industry at other locations.

B&P initially used the direct former B&O/BR&P main between Buffalo and Salamanca, but during the 1990s a failing bridge at Springville, New York forced the railroad to detour its trains north of Ashford Junction via the former Rochester & Southern track to Machias Junction, New York, thence north on Conrail's/Norfolk Southern's ex-Pennsylvania Railroad Buffalo Line to Buffalo. Buffalo & Pittsburgh now is the sole user of the ex-PRR south of CP-GRAVITY in Buffalo.

BPRR operates two key secondary lines. One runs between Erie and Johnsonburg along the former Allegheny & Eastern Railroad. Another is made up of former Pittsburg & Shawmut Railroad tracks, running from the Armstrong Power Plant in Reesedale, Pennsylvania to Freeport, Pennsylvania. The B&P also operates on the Low Grade between DuBois and Driftwood that was formerly used by the Pennsylvania Railroad, then Conrail. A portion of the former B&O Northern Subdivision is used to provide access to Petrolia, PA.

There are many interchanges in BPRR. The Canadian National Railway has interchanges at Buffalo, New York and Butler, Pennsylvania. Canadian Pacific Kansas City has an interchange at Buffalo, New York. CSX Transportation has interchanges at Buffalo, New York, Erie, Pennsylvania. and New Castle, Pennsylvania. Norfolk Southern Railway has interchanges in Buffalo, Erie, Driftwood, Pennsylvania, Freeport, Pennsylvania, and Pittsburgh.

Rochester & Southern Railroad and Buffalo Southern Railroad also each have one interchange at Buffalo, New York. Western New York & Pennsylvania Railroad have one at East Salamanca, New York. Allegheny Valley Railroad also has one, located in Allison Park, Pennsylvania. Lastly, Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway has one in Bruceton, Pennsylvania.

CSX Transportation leases the P&W Subdivision to the B&P between Allison Park and the New Castle Yard in West Pittsburg, just outside New Castle, PA. Though the B&P ends in Allison Park, the railroad rarely traverses the line down to the borough. Instead, it transfers its goods to the AVR either in Evans City or Bakerstown depending on the amount of freight it has. Other owned and operated branch lines travel to Homer City, St Marys, and Brookville, Pennsylvania, as well as to the Buffalo suburb of Orchard Park, New York.

## History

Operations began in 1988 over mostly former Baltimore & Ohio Railroad (formerly Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh Railway) lines. In the early 2000s, the BPRR merged other GWI railroads into it. These lines include the Allegheny & Eastern Railroad (ALY), Pittsburg & Shawmut Railroad (PSR), and the Bradford Industrial Railroad (BR).

Around 2005 the Indiana Subdivision, which had been out of use, was rehabilitated to serve the Homer City Generating Station. Shortly after this, the Ridge Subdivision, which had seen a Norfolk Southern coal train run-through to Shelocta was sold off to NS. In 2006, the railroad was honored as the Regional Railroad of the Year by *Railway Age* magazine.

## Fleet

The BPRR fleet, as of April 2024, consists of the following. Almost all locomotives were manufactured by EMD between the late 1950s and early 1970s.

| Number | Type | Built | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21 | EMD NW2 | 1942 | Small switching locomotive. |
| 33 | EMD SW1200 | 1960 | Small switching locomotive. |
| 44 | EMD MP15DC | 1975 |  |
| 51, 2000-2003 | EMD GP38 | 1967-1971 |  |
| 120, 121 | SLUG | 1964/1980 | Rebuilds from GP35/GP50 respectively. |
| 101-102, 104, 3020–3021, 3050, 3100–3103, 3106–3107, 3120-3121 | EMD GP40-2 | 1966-1969 | 101-102, 104, 3100–3103, 3107, 3120-3121 are the variant GP40-3, rebuilt by CSX in 2014. |
| 202-210, 626, 874, 879, 886-887 | EMD GP9 | 1955-1959 |  |
| 305 | EMD GP35 | 1964 |  |
| 450-463, 3063-3064 | EMD SD45 | 1966-1970 | 450-463 are the variant SD45R, rebuilt by Southern Pacific between 1979 and 1989. #463 was scrapped in September 2012. 3063-3064 is variant SD40-3. |
| 922, 926 | EMD GP18 | 1959 |  |
| 1002 | EMD SW1001 | 1973 | Small switching locomotive. |
| 1400-1401 | GS1400 | 2010 | Custom-built by the Brookville Equipment Corporation. |
| 1506-1515 | EMD SW1500 | 1969-1972 | Small switching locomotives. |
| 2004, 2030, 2142, 2143, 2167, 2172, 2176-2178, 2184, 3512, 3563, 3564, 3574, 3575, 3581-3583, 9425 | EMD GP38-2 | 1979-1982 | 2100's are NS heritage, 3500's are UP heritage. |
| 2470 | Santa Fe CF7 | 1953 | Originally an EMD F7, almost completely rebuilt by AT&SF in 1974. |
| 3000-3001, 3032, 3062, 3111, 6410, 6416 | EMD GP40 | 1966-1968 |  |
| 3301-3302 | EMD SD40T-2 | 1967-1969 |  |
| 3323, 3396 | EMD SD40-2 | 1967-1971 | 3323 built for CNW, 3396 built for PRR. |
| 3328, 3330–3332, 3342-3343, 3346 | GMDD SD40 | 1969-1975 | CN heritage built by GMDD in Canada. |
| 3880-3885, 3886-3892 | EMD SD60 | 1993-1994 | 3880-3885 are SD60I; 3886-3892 are SD60M, with full-width short hood. |
| 4528, 4813, 4823, 4827, 4830, 4851, 4868, 4885, 4889, 4923, 4933, 4941, 4973 | GE C44-9W | 1998-1999 | All are ex-BNSF locomotives purchased from Wabtec. |
| 5018-5020 | EMD SD50 | 1986 | All are variant SD50-3, rebuilt by CSX in 2009. |

## InfoBox

Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| A train on the Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad in 2006 | |
| Overview | |
| Headquarters | Rochester, New York, U.S. |
| Reporting mark | BPRR |
| Locale | Northwestern Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Dates of operation | 1988 (1988) |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge |
| Length | 729 miles (1,173 km) |
| Other | |
| Website | www.gwrr.com/bprr |


title: Buffalo Trace Distillery

abstract: Buffalo Trace Distillery is a distillery in Frankfort, Kentucky, United States, owned by the Sazerac Company. It has historically been known by several names, including the George T. Stagg Distillery and the Old Fire Copper (O.F.C.) Distillery. Its namesake bourbon brand, Buffalo Trace Kentucky Straight Bourbon whiskey, was introduced in August 1999. The name "Buffalo Trace" refers to the ancient buffalo trackway that crosses the Kentucky River in Franklin County, Kentucky. The Sazerac Company purchased the distillery in 1992. Under its old name, George T. Stagg Distillery, the property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 2001, and designated a National Historic Landmark on March 11, 2013.

text:
# Buffalo Trace Distillery

**Buffalo Trace Distillery** is a distillery in Frankfort, Kentucky, United States, owned by the Sazerac Company. It has historically been known by several names, including the George T. Stagg Distillery and the Old Fire Copper (O.F.C.) Distillery. Its namesake bourbon brand, Buffalo Trace Kentucky Straight Bourbon whiskey, was introduced in August 1999. The name "Buffalo Trace" refers to the ancient buffalo trackway that crosses the Kentucky River in Franklin County, Kentucky. The Sazerac Company purchased the distillery in 1992.

Under its old name, **George T. Stagg Distillery**, the property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 2001, and designated a National Historic Landmark on March 11, 2013.

## History

The company claims the distillery to be the oldest continuously operating distillery in the United States. Another distillery with similar historical extent is Burks' distillery, now used for production of Maker's Mark. According to its citation in the registry of National Historic Landmarks, Burks' Distillery's origins extend to 1805, and Burks' Distillery is listed in the *Guinness Book of World Records* as the oldest operating bourbon distillery.

Records indicate that distilling started on the site that is now the Buffalo Trace Distillery in 1775 by Hancock Lee and his brother Willis Lee who died in 1776. The first distillery was constructed in 1812 by Harrison Blanton. In 1870 the distillery was purchased by Edmund H. Taylor and given its first name, the Old Fire Copper (O.F.C.) Distillery. Taylor sold the distillery eight years later to George T. Stagg along with the Old Oscar Pepper Distillery. This second distillery was sold within the year to James Graham, in order to add more land to the O.F.C. Distillery. In 1886, Stagg installed steam heating in the storage warehouses, the first climate controlled warehouse for aging whiskey in the nation.

During Prohibition, the distillery was allowed to remain operational, in order to make whiskey for "medicinal purposes".

Gary Gayheart became the master distiller in 1972, until his retirement in 2005. He was succeeded by Harlen Wheatley.

In 2016, Buffalo Trace Distillery announced plans to expand operations with a capital investment of $200 million.

In October 2016, during renovations to convert a building to a meeting and event space, workers discovered the foundation of the original 1873 distillery building, which burned down in 1882, along with the remains of fermenters from that same year. The original distillery foundation was left in place after the fire and an expanded distillery building was built as a replacement. The site is now open for visitors to Buffalo Trace.

In March 2022, Buffalo Trace Distillery announced the creation of six-litre OFC Vintage Bourbon Whiskeys, distilled in 1982, and their accompanying NFTs. The NFTs were sold on Blockbar, with the highest bid of $60,000. The sale was part of the distillery's mission to raise US$2 million for charity by donating 2,022 bottles of whiskey to fundraising causes.

## Production

Production capacity at Buffalo Trace is estimated at 2,650,000 US gallons (10,000,000 L) of whiskey per year. This is carried out at a beer still with a capacity of 60,000 US gallons (230,000 L).

## Spirits

While Buffalo Trace Distillery is mainly known for its bourbon, it also produces other spirits such as rye whiskey and vodka.

"Buffalo Trace" is also a bourbon brand made by the distillery that was introduced in August 1999, two months after the distillery changed its name from the George T. Stagg Distillery.

The following spirits are produced by Buffalo Trace Distillery:

* Self-produced brands
    + Buffalo Trace – straight bourbon (the namesake brand for the distillery, also used for branding of an Experimental Collection, Single Oak Project, White Dog (unaged spirit with mash bills for bourbon, wheated bourbon, and rye), and Bourbon Cream (a cream liqueur)
    + Col. E. H. Taylor – small batch, single-barrel, and barrel proof straight bourbon and rye
    + Eagle Rare – straight bourbon and 17 year antique collection
    + George T. Staggbarrel-proof straight bourbon (from a prior name for the distillery)
    + Stagg Jr.  barrel proof straight bourbon
    + McAfee's Benchmark – straight bourbon
    + O.F.C. – straight bourbon (from a prior name for the distillery)
    + Old Charter – straight bourbon
    + Old Taylor – straight bourbon
    + Peychaud's Bitters
    + Platinum 7X/Platinum 10X – vodka
    + Sazerac – straight rye and Sazerac antique collection
    + Thomas H. Handybarrel-proof straight rye
    + W. L. Weller – special reserve, antique 107, Full Proof, 12 Year, Single Barrel, C.Y.P.B. (Craft Your Perfect Bourbon), and barrel proof William Larue Weller antique collection straight bourbon (with a wheated mash bill very similar or identical to that for the Van Winkle brands)
    + Wheatley – vodka
    + Daniel Weller Emmer Wheat – a biennial experimental release crafted from a variety of wheat strains.
* Brands produced in partnership with Age International (a former owner of the distillery, now part of the Japanese company Takara Holdings):
* Brands produced in partnership with the Van Winkle family (under an agreement established in June 2002):

Buffalo Trace also produces spirits for private bottlers and store brands.

### Bibliography

* Taylor, Richard (2002). *The Great Crossing: A Historic Journey to Buffalo Trace Distillery*. Frankfort, KY: Buffalo Trace Distillery. ISBN 0971683719.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| George T. Stagg Distillery | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. National Historic Landmark | |
|  | |
| Buffalo Trace Distillery water tower | |
|  | |
| Location | Frankfort, Kentucky |
| Coordinates | 38°13′03″N 84°52′10″W / 38.21750°N 84.86944°W / 38.21750; -84.86944 |
| Built | 1805 |
| Architect | Oberwarth, Leo L.; Blanton, Albert Bacon |
| Architectural style | Romanesque, Colonial Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 01000450 |
| Added to NRHP | May 2, 2001 |


abstract: Burkina Faso competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was the nation's ninth appearance at the Summer Olympics, having participated since the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich under the name Upper Volta. Five Burkinabe athletes, three men and two women, were selected to the team, tying the record for the nation's roster size with London 2012. Two of them returned for their second Olympic appearance from the previous Games: hurdler Marthe Koala and freestyle swimmer Angelika Ouedraogo. Meanwhile, heavyweight judoka Rachid Sidibé led the team as Burkina Faso's flag bearer in the opening ceremony. Burkina Faso, however, had to wait for five more years until winning its first Olympic medal.

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# Burkina Faso at the 2016 Summer Olympics

Burkina Faso competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was the nation's ninth appearance at the Summer Olympics, having participated since the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich under the name *Upper Volta*.

Five Burkinabe athletes, three men and two women, were selected to the team, tying the record for the nation's roster size with London 2012. Two of them returned for their second Olympic appearance from the previous Games: hurdler Marthe Koala and freestyle swimmer Angelika Ouedraogo. Meanwhile, heavyweight judoka Rachid Sidibé led the team as Burkina Faso's flag bearer in the opening ceremony.

Burkina Faso, however, had to wait for five more years until winning its first Olympic medal.

## Athletics

Burkina Faso received universality slots from IAAF to send two athletes (one male and one female) to the Olympics.

Key * **Note**–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* **Q** = Qualified for the next round
* **q** = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser *or*, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* **NR** = National record
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round
Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Marthe Koala | Women's 100 m hurdles | 13.41 | 8 | did not advance | | | |

Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Hugues Fabrice Zango | Men's triple jump | 15.99 | 34 | did not advance | |

## Judo

Burkina Faso qualified one judoka for the men's heavyweight category (+100 kg) at the Games. Rachid Sidibe earned a continental quota spot from the African region as Burkina Faso's top-ranked judoka outside of direct qualifying position in the IJF World Ranking List of May 30, 2016.

| Athlete | Event | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Repechage | Final / BM | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Rank |
| Rachid Sidibé | Men's +100 kg | Khammo (UKR)
**L** 000–100 | did not advance | | | | | |

## Swimming

Burkina Faso received a Universality invitation from FINA to send two swimmers (one male and one female) to the Olympics.

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Tindwende Sawadogo | Men's 50 m freestyle | 26.38 | 67 | did not advance | | | |
| Angelika Ouedraogo | Women's 50 m freestyle | 29.44 | =67 | did not advance | | | |

Media related to Burkina Faso at the 2016 Summer Olympics at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Burkina Faso at the
2016 Summer Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | BUR |
| NOC | Burkinabé National Olympic and Sports Committee |
| in Rio de Janeiro | |
| Competitors | 5 in 3 sports |
| Flag bearer | Rachid Sidibé |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| Summer Olympics appearances (overview) | |
|  | |


title: Sallie Ward

abstract: Sally Ward Lawrence Hunt Armstrong Downs, also known as Sallie Ward, was a "Southern belle." Born into the Southern aristocracy of Kentucky in the Antebellum South, she married four times. After a failed marriage into the Boston Brahmin elite, she married three more times and became a socialite in New Orleans and Louisville, Kentucky. She was one of the first women in the United States to wear cosmetics, and she wore daring outfits. She embodied "an old Kentucky way of life."

text:
# Sallie Ward

**Sally Ward Lawrence Hunt Armstrong Downs**, also known as **Sallie Ward**, (September 29, 1827  July 8, 1896) was a "Southern belle." Born into the Southern aristocracy of Kentucky in the Antebellum South, she married four times. After a failed marriage into the Boston Brahmin elite, she married three more times and became a socialite in New Orleans and Louisville, Kentucky. She was one of the first women in the United States to wear cosmetics, and she wore daring outfits. She embodied "an old Kentucky way of life."

## Early life

Sally Ward was born on September 29, 1827, in Scott County, Kentucky. Her father, Col. Robert Johnson Ward, was a planter and lawyer who served as the Speaker of the Assembly of Kentucky. Her mother, Emily Flournoy, was a native of Georgetown, Kentucky.

Her paternal grandfather, William Ward, married Sally Johnson, a sister of Vice President Richard Mentor Johnson. Her paternal uncle, Junius Richard Ward, resided at Ward Hall in Georgetown, Kentucky, as well as the Junius R. Ward House in Erwin, Mississippi. On her maternal side, she was of Huguenot descent. Her maternal grandfather, Major Matthew Flournoy, served in the American Revolutionary War.

Ward grew up in Louisville, Kentucky, with her seven siblings. She was educated in a French finishing school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, graduating in 1844.

## Adult life

Ward was a Southern belle and socialite. She spoke French and played several instruments. She became one of the first women in the United States to wear cosmetics and wore daring outfits. She organized one of the first proper-style dress balls in Kentucky. She paved the way for wearing several types of dresses during a given society ball. She married several times, a trend which later became widespread.

Ward married her first husband, Timothy Bigelow Lawrence, the son of Abbott Lawrence, on December 5, 1849. The wedding was attended by governors Robert P. Letcher, John J. Crittenden and Lazarus W. Powell, as well as George D. Prentice, the editor of the *Louisville Journal*. They resided in Boston, Massachusetts, where she attended society balls. They divorced in 1850 due to cultural differences. In one last incident, she wore a dress resembling Amelia Bloomer's outfit at a ball in jest; but, her in-laws were not amused.

Ward married Dr Robert P. Hunt, a Kentucky native, in 1852. They resided in New Orleans, Louisiana, where they threw parties at the French Opera House. They had two sons, Robert and John Wesley, and one daughter, Emily. Their son John Wesley survived to adulthood. Meanwhile, her husband served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, and he was killed in combat. They separated when he joined the army, as she supported Abraham Lincoln.

Ward married Vene P. Armstrong, a merchant, in the postbellum era. After his death, she married her fourth husband, Major George F. Downs, a Kentucky native. They resided at the Galt House, a hotel in Louisville.

Her portrait was done by George Peter Alexander Healy. It is now at the Speed Art Museum in Louisville, Kentucky.

## Death

Ward died of a ruptured stomach ulcer on July 8, 1896, at the Galt House Hotel in Louisville, Kentucky. She was buried at the Cave Hill Cemetery. Her son, John Wesley Hunt, worked as the night editor of the *New York World*.

## InfoBox

| Sally Ward Lawrence Hunt Armstrong Downs | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait by George Peter Alexander Healy, 1860 | |
| Born | Sally Ward
(1827-09-29)September 29, 1827
Scott County, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Died | July 8, 1896(1896-07-08) (aged 68)
Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Resting place | Cave Hill Cemetery
Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Other names | Sallie Ward |
| Spouses | *   Timothy Bigelow Lawrence  (m. 1849; div. 1850) *   Robert P. Hunt  (m. 1852, died) * Vene P. Armstrong *   George F. Downs (m. 1885) |
| Children | 3 |
| Relatives | Richard Mentor Johnson (paternal great-great-uncle)
Abbott Lawrence (father-in-law) |


title: Sallie Tisdale

abstract:
Sallie Tisdale, is an American writer and essayist whose work has appeared in Harper’s, The New Yorker, The New York Times, and Tricycle, among other magazines. She is the author of ten books, and winner of numerous literary awards.
Earning a nursing degree in 1983 and writing in her off-hours from medical practice, her first book was on medical miracles (1986), her second on day to day life in a nursing home (1987), which was followed that year by an essay in Harper's on working in an abortion clinic. Tisdale currently teaches part-time in the writing program at Portland State University.

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# Sallie Tisdale

**Sallie Tisdale**, (born 1957) is an American writer and essayist whose work has appeared in *Harper’s*, *The New Yorker*, *The New York Times*, and *Tricycle*, among other magazines. She is the author of ten books, and winner of numerous literary awards. Earning a nursing degree in 1983 and writing in her off-hours from medical practice, her first book was on medical miracles (1986), her second on day to day life in a nursing home (1987), which was followed that year by an essay in *Harper's* on working in an abortion clinic. Tisdale currently teaches part-time in the writing program at Portland State University.

## Awards and honors

* Regional Arts and Culture Council Literary Fellowship
* Pushcart Prize
* NEA Fellowship
* The James Phelan Literary Award
* The Dorothy and Arthur Shoenfeldt Distinguished Writer of the Year

## Bibliography

* *The Sorcerer’s Apprentice* (McGraw-Hill, NY, 1986) OCLC 294106956
* *Harvest Moon* (Henry Holt, NY, 1987) OCLC 8331321
* *Lot’s Wife* (Henry Holt, NY, 1988) OCLC 16727698
* *Stepping Westward* (Henry Holt, NY, 1992) OCLC 24927101
* *Talk Dirty to Me* (Doubleday, NY, 1994) OCLC 32096595
* *The Best Thing I Ever Tasted* (Riverhead Books, NY, 2000) OCLC 27953683
* *Women of the Way* (HarperCollins, San Francisco, 2006) OCLC 865293938
* *Violation: Collected Essays* (Hawthorne Books, Portland, 2016)OCLC 4676697733
* *Advice for Future Corpses (And Those Who Love Them)* (Touchstone Books, NY, 2018) OCLC 2597317879
* *The Lie About the Truck: Survivor, Reality TV, and the Endless Gaze* (Simon and Schuster, NY, 2021) OCLC 1285123015

## InfoBox

| Sallie Tisdale | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1957-04-15) April 15, 1957<br>United States |
| Alma mater | Wesleyan University |
| Genres | Non-fiction, essays, memoir |
| Notable awards | Regional Arts and Culture Council Literary Fellowship, Pushcart Prize, NEA Fellowship, the James Phelan Literary Award, Dorothy and Arthur Shoenfeldt Distinguished Writer of the Year |
| Website | |
| sallietisdale.com | |


title: Bukovec (Plzeň-South District)

abstract: Bukovec is a municipality and village in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants. Bukovec lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of Domažlice, 33 km (21 mi) south-west of Plzeň, and 117 km (73 mi) south-west of Prague.

text:
# Bukovec (Plzeň-South District)

**Bukovec** is a municipality and village in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Bukovec lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of Domažlice, 33 km (21 mi) south-west of Plzeň, and 117 km (73 mi) south-west of Prague.

## History

The first written mention of Bukovec is from 1177.

From 1 January 2021, Bukovec is no longer a part of Domažlice District and belongs to Plzeň-South District.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1869 | 190 |  |
| 1880 | 213 | +12.1% |
| 1890 | 214 | +0.5% |
| 1900 | 246 | +15.0% |
| 1910 | 288 | +17.1% |
| 1921 | 314 | +9.0% |
| 1930 | 259 | −17.5% |
| 1950 | 144 | −44.4% |
| 1961 | 175 | +21.5% |
| 1970 | 144 | −17.7% |
| 1980 | 125 | −13.2% |
| 1991 | 94 | −24.8% |
| 2001 | 84 | −10.6% |
| 2011 | 99 | +17.9% |
| 2021 | 120 | +21.2% |
| Source: Censuses | | |

## InfoBox

| Bukovec | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Main road in Bukovec | |
|  | |
| BukovecLocation in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 49°35′11″N 12°59′43″E / 49.58639°N 12.99528°E / 49.58639; 12.99528 | |
| Country | Czech Republic |
| Region | Plzeň |
| District | Plzeň-South |
| First mentioned | 1177 |
| Area | |
| Total | 5.83 km2 (2.25 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 434 m (1,424 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01) | |
| Total | 126 |
| Density | 22/km2 (56/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 345 62 |
| Website | www.obecbukovec.cz |


title: Bukovec, Slovenska Bistrica

abstract: Bukovec is a settlement northeast of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in the Drava Statistical Region. A small chapel in the settlement is dedicated to John of Nepomuk and belongs to the Parish of Zgornja Polskava. It dates to the second half of the 18th century.

text:
# Bukovec, Slovenska Bistrica

**Bukovec** (pronounced \[ˈbuːkɔʋəts\]) is a settlement northeast of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in the Drava Statistical Region.

A small chapel in the settlement is dedicated to John of Nepomuk and belongs to the Parish of Zgornja Polskava. It dates to the second half of the 18th century.

## InfoBox

| Bukovec | |
| --- | --- |
| BukovecLocation in Slovenia | |
| Coordinates: 46°26′5.02″N 15°37′39.47″E / 46.4347278°N 15.6276306°E / 46.4347278; 15.6276306 | |
| Country | Slovenia |
| Traditional region | Styria |
| Statistical region | Drava |
| Municipality | Slovenska Bistrica |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.16 km2 (0.83 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 308.7 m (1,012.8 ft) |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 309 |
|  | |


title: Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre

abstract: Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre is a modern private medical facility located in Bandar Bukit Tinggi, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre (BTMC) is a part of CAH Medical Centres, formerly a part of the Ramsay Sime Darby Healthcare Group (RSDH). RSDH Group has been acquired by Columbia Asia Hospitals, and all RSDH companies are now under CAH Medical Centres. As part of this transition, Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre is included as well. An early association with BTMC was with that of Manipal Hospitals, India.

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# Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre

**Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre** (formerly known as Manipal Hospitals Klang) is a modern private medical facility located in Bandar Bukit Tinggi, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre (BTMC) is a part of CAH Medical Centres, formerly a part of the Ramsay Sime Darby Healthcare Group (RSDH). RSDH Group has been acquired by Columbia Asia Hospitals, and all RSDH companies are now under CAH Medical Centres. As part of this transition, Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre is included as well. An early association with BTMC was with that of Manipal Hospitals, India.

## History

In August 2013, Manipal Hospitals acquired the former 72-bed Arunamari Specialist Medical Centre in Klang, Selangor. The US$100 million acquisition by Manipal Hospitals also included a new 220-bed tertiary care hospital project in Bandar Bukit Tinggi, Klang.

A modern medical facility built on a 0.85-hectare site, the Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) project was implemented in accordance with the Malaysian health care guidelines, MSQHA and also Joint Commission International (JCI).

In November 2021, RSDH acquired MHK and rebranded it as BTMC.

In December 2023, RSDH Group was acquired by Columbia Asia.

## Hospital facilities

Fully operational since 18 July 2016, Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) has a twin 5-storey medical towers with a built-up area of 362,000 sq ft and over 300 car park bays. The hospital provides 24-hour emergency services, diagnostic, surgical, interventional and rehabilitative services including super specialities such as cardiothoracic, neurology and paediatric surgeries, nephrology, vascular and plastic surgeries, cardiology, diabetes and endocrinology, gastroenterology, dental, trauma and critical care, orthopaedics, nose and throat surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, urology, dermatology and ophthalmology. Each of these departments will be a centre of excellence.

As of July 2016, Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) has a team of over 300 nursing staff and 60 resident and visiting specialists, and it has a state-of-the-art trauma centre and emergency medicine services led by trauma specialist. The hospital also has a full-fledged catheterisation laboratory (cath lab), computerised tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, bone dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, fluoroscopy and a one-stop health screening, occupational medicine and wellness centre.

3°00′35.6″N 101°25′54.4″E / 3.009889°N 101.431778°E / 3.009889; 101.431778

## InfoBox

| Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre <br>(BTMC) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Bandar Bukit Tinggi, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia |
| Organisation | |
| Care system | Private |
| Funding | Private |
| Type | Specialist |
| Services | |
| Emergency department | Yes |
| Beds | 171 |
| Helipad | No |
| History | |
| Opened | 18 July 2016 |
| Links | |
| Website | www.bukittinggimedicalcentre.com |


title: Burnaby Citizens Association

abstract: The Burnaby Citizens Association (BCA) is a social-democratic municipal political party in Burnaby, British Columbia. It was founded in 1955 by Alan Emmott and Eileen Dailly. The BCA is the official municipal affiliate of the BC NDP in Burnaby, and membership in the BCA requires membership in the BC NDP as a prerequisite. In October 2018 the BCA won 7 of 8 seats in the city council 2018 municipal election but the BCA incumbent Derek Corrigan lost the mayoral race to independent Mike Hurley. On February 5, 2020 three councillors resigned from the BCA over housing policy disagreements and other party issues. In the 2021 by-election, following the deaths of two city councillors, the BCA won one of the two seats up for election.

text:
# Burnaby Citizens Association

The **Burnaby Citizens Association** (BCA) is a social-democratic municipal political party in Burnaby, British Columbia. It was founded in 1955 by Alan Emmott and Eileen Dailly. The BCA is the official municipal affiliate of the BC NDP in Burnaby, and membership in the BCA requires membership in the BC NDP as a prerequisite.

In October 2018 the BCA won 7 of 8 seats in the city council 2018 municipal election but the BCA incumbent Derek Corrigan lost the mayoral race to independent Mike Hurley.

On February 5, 2020 three councillors resigned from the BCA over housing policy disagreements and other party issues. In the 2021 by-election, following the deaths of two city councillors, the BCA won one of the two seats up for election.

## InfoBox

| Burnaby Citizens Association | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Leader | Vacant |
| Founded | 1955 (1955) |
| Headquarters | Burnaby, British Columbia |
| Ideology | Social democracy |
| Political position | Centre-left |
| National affiliation | NDP |
| Provincial affiliation | BC NDP |
| Burnaby City Council | 6 / 9 |
| Burnaby School Board | 7 / 7 |
| Website | |
| www.burnaby-citizens.ca | |
|  | |


title: Bulbophyllum trifilum

abstract: Bulbophyllum trifilum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

text:
# Bulbophyllum trifilum

***Bulbophyllum trifilum*** is a species of orchid in the genus *Bulbophyllum*.

## InfoBox

| *Bulbophyllum trifilum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | *Bulbophyllum* |
| Species: | ***B. trifilum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Bulbophyllum trifilum***<br>J. J. Sm. | |
|


title: Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum

abstract: Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

text:
# Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum

***Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum*** is a species of orchid in the genus *Bulbophyllum*.

Media related to *Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum* at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| *Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | *Bulbophyllum* |
| Species: | ***B. sanguineomaculatum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Bulbophyllum sanguineomaculatum***<br>Ridl. | |
|


title: Salt Lake (New Zealand)

abstract: Salt Lake is a lake in the north part of New Zealand's Northland Region, just off the 1F Far North Road.

text:
# Salt Lake (New Zealand)

**Salt Lake** is a lake in the north part of New Zealand's Northland Region, just off the 1F Far North Road.

"Place name detail: Salt Lake (New Zealand)". *New Zealand Gazetteer*. New Zealand Geographic Board. Retrieved 23 July 2009.

## InfoBox

| Salt Lake, New Zealand | |
| --- | --- |
| Salt Lake, New Zealand | |
| Location | Northland Region, North Island |
| Coordinates | 34°42′21″S 173°01′30″E / 34.705866°S 173.024892°E / -34.705866; 173.024892 |
| Basin countries | New Zealand |


title: Sam Ntuli

abstract: Sam Ntuli was a South African trade unionist and anti-apartheid activist who was assassinated in Thokoza on 29 September 1991. A prominent community organiser on the East Rand, he was the general secretary of the Civic Association of Southern Transvaal (CAST) and regional secretary of the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (Numsa). Ntuli's death severely inflamed tensions between supporters of the African National Congress (ANC) and rival Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP). However, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission later ruled that Ntuli's death was less an act of political violence than an incident of taxi violence: it dismissed the suggestion that IFP leaders had ordered Ntuli's assassination, concluding instead that he had probably been targeted by minibus-taxi operators in the region who resented him because his political organising harmed their business interests.

text:
# Sam Ntuli

**Sam Ntuli** (died 29 September 1991) was a South African trade unionist and anti-apartheid activist who was assassinated in Thokoza on 29 September 1991. A prominent community organiser on the East Rand, he was the general secretary of the Civic Association of Southern Transvaal (CAST) and regional secretary of the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (Numsa).

Ntuli's death severely inflamed tensions between supporters of the African National Congress (ANC) and rival Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP). However, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission later ruled that Ntuli's death was less an act of political violence than an incident of taxi violence: it dismissed the suggestion that IFP leaders had ordered Ntuli's assassination, concluding instead that he had probably been targeted by minibus-taxi operators in the region who resented him because his political organising harmed their business interests.

## Career and activism

Ntuli rose to prominence as an organiser in anti-apartheid civic associations on the East Rand. With Enoch Godongwana, he was involved in the establishment of the East Rand People's Organisation (Erapo) in 1979, and he later became its chairperson. He also became involved in union organising as a shop steward and organiser for the Metal and Allied Workers' Union (MAWU). After Ntuli, Godongwana, and two other leaders were expelled from MAWU in June 1984 after a period of in-fighting, he became associated with the United Metal, Mining and Allied Workers' Union of South Africa, a new breakaway union founded in July and affiliated to the United Democratic Front.

By 1991, Ntuli was general secretary of CAST, an umbrella grouping for anti-apartheid civic associations, which, at the time of Ntuli's death, was preparing for the launch of the South African National Civics Organisation. He was also the regional secretary of Numsa in the Witwatersrand region, as well as a member of the ANC and South African Communist Party. After the National Peace Accord was signed in September 1991, Ntuli was centrally involved in peace talks with the ANC's rival, the IFP; the accord's implementation in the Thokoza area had been complicated by a massacre of IFP supporters on 8 September.

## Assassination

On the morning of 29 September 1991, Ntuli was shot dead while driving his Toyota Corolla down Khumalo Street near his home in Thokoza. Witnesses said that the assailants, in a blue Toyota Cressida, had followed Ntuli's car and attempted to force it off the road; when he stopped, they fired twelve shots at him while driving past.

Chris Dlamini, another CAST leader, told the press that the killing may have been a deliberate attempt to "create a climate of violence" in Thokoza, given Ntuli's ongoing peace initiatives with the IFP. The attack vastly heightened political tensions in the area.

### Funeral

On 7 October, as 12,000 mourners left Ntuli's funeral, unidentified gunmen opened fire, killing about twenty people and injuring several others. The funeral massacre magnified the scale of the tensions to a national level, as the ANC's Nelson Mandela characterised it as an organised paramilitary attack and accused President F. W. de Klerk of having "let loose his hounds against the people". Other observers accused the South African Police, who were present in large numbers, of failing to prevent the attack and even of firing on the mourners themselves.

### Truth and Reconciliation Commission

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission conducted inquiries into Ntuli's assassination and related acts of political violence. During the hearings, two men, Themba Zimu and Thulani Tsotetsi (alias Themba Mlaba), testified about their involvement in the killing. Zimu and Mlaba were members of Thokoza's notorious Khumalo gang, led by Reverend Mbhekisini Khumalo, but Mlaba said that the order to kill Ntuli had come from senior IFP leaders. Abraham Mzizi, Gertrude Mzizi, and Themba Khoza were among those implicated in planning the attack.

The commission did not assign responsibility for Ntuli's death in its final report, because related hearings were still ongoing. However, in 2000, the commission declined to grant Zimu and Tsotetsi amnesty for their role in the assassination, finding that "mercenary considerations", rather than political objectives, were probably their primary motive. The commission pointed out that Gertrude Mzizi had testified that Ntuli was on good terms with the IFP leadership and was perceived as a peacemaker. Although it granted that Ntuli had been targeted because of his role in organising go-slows and strikes on the East Rand, the commission concluded that his killers objected to those activities primarily because they harmed the revenues of taxi operators in the area:

> the complaint against Sam Ntuli came from the people who operated the taxis because his activities caused them to lose money... the pecuniary interests of some taxi owners or business people were the main reason for the assassination of Mr Ntuli although indirectly his political association was the basis for his actions which negatively affected some businessmen.

## Honours

Ntuli is commemorated at a peace monument on Khumalo Street, which is nearby his namesake, the Sam Ntuli Stadium (formerly Thokoza Stadium). His gravesite at Schoeman Cemetery in Thokoza was declared a heritage site by the government in June 2014. All three locations have frequently hosted memorial events for Ntuli. In September 2019, the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality additionally resolved to rename Kliprivier Road in his memory.

In May 2016, President Jacob Zuma admitted Ntuli to the Order of Mendi for Bravery posthumously, granting him the Order of Mendi for Bravery in silver for "his excellent contribution to peace-building during a particularly violent and delicate time in the history of the liberation struggle".

## Personal life

Ntuli was married to Leah Mokoena. His brother, Dumisa Ntuli, was also a community activist on the East Rand and served as a spokesperson for the ANC and for Numsa after the end of apartheid.

## InfoBox

| Sam NtuliOMBS | |
| --- | --- |
| Died | (1991-09-29)29 September 1991
Khumalo Street, Thokoza
Transvaal, South Africa |
| Cause of death | Assassination |
| Nationality | South African |
| Organization(s) | Civic Association of Southern Transvaal
National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa |
| Political party | African National Congress |


title: Sam Nunis

abstract: Floyd Sam Nunis was a pioneering figure in American stock car racing, being involved in both the American Automobile Association and the National Stock Car Racing Association.

text:
# Sam Nunis

**Floyd Sam Nunis** (December 16, 1903  February 1, 1980) was a pioneering figure in American stock car racing, being involved in both the American Automobile Association and the National Stock Car Racing Association.

## Career

Nunis worked with the American Automobile Association to promote stock car racing in the late 1940s, encouraging the group to promote the sport, which they had previously written off, in addition to AAA's traditional sanctioning of IndyCar races. He primarily promoted races at Lakewood Speedway near Atlanta in Georgia, both under AAA sanction and under the aegis of the National Stock Car Racing Association, which he co-operated along with Weyman Milam between 1946 and 1951.

Citations Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Sam Nunis | |
| --- | --- |
| Nunis, circa 1957 | |
| Born | Floyd Sam Nunis<br>(1903-12-16)December 16, 1903 |
| Died | February 1, 1980(1980-02-01) (aged 76) |


title: Bulbophyllum ledungense

abstract: Bulbophyllum ledungense is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

text:
# Bulbophyllum ledungense

***Bulbophyllum ledungense*** is a species of orchid in the genus *Bulbophyllum*.

## InfoBox

| *Bulbophyllum ledungense* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | *Bulbophyllum* |
| Species: | ***B. ledungense*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Bulbophyllum ledungense***<br>T. Tang & F. T. Wang | |
|