title: Tanganyika African Association

abstract: The Tanganyika African Association (TAA) was a Tanganyika Territory political association, formed in 1929. It was founded by civil servants including Ali Saidi, members of an earlier association called the Tanganyika Territory African Civil Service Association. After World War II, TAA expanded countrywide in towns and in rural areas, and in 1948, the number of branches had increased to 39. It was transformed into the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) in 1954 by Julius Nyerere.

text:
# Tanganyika African Association

The **Tanganyika African Association** (TAA) was a Tanganyika Territory political association, formed in 1929. It was founded by civil servants including Ali Saidi, members of an earlier association called the Tanganyika Territory African Civil Service Association (founded by Martin Kayamba in 1922). After World War II, TAA expanded countrywide in towns and in rural areas, and in 1948, the number of branches had increased to 39. It was transformed into the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) in 1954 by Julius Nyerere.

## InfoBox

| Tanganyika African Association | |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1929 |
| Dissolved | July 1954 |
| Preceded by | Tanganyika Territory African Civil Service Association |
| Succeeded by | Tanganyika African National Union |
| Headquarters | Tanganyika Territory |
| Ideology | African nationalism |
|  | |


title: Darren Kavinoky

abstract: Darren Kavinoky is an American criminal lawyer and television journalist who is the creator of the television show Deadly Sins on Investigation Discovery. He is also the featured Criminal Interventionist on the Investigation Discovery TV series Breaking Point. Darren is an on-air legal analyst and a special correspondent for the syndicated show The Insider, where he reports on legal, political, and pop-culture issues. Kavinoky has also appeared on The Insider’s sister show, Entertainment Tonight, as well as NBC’s Today Show, Dr. Phil, various shows on CNN Headline News, and many other national and local television and radio programs. Kavinoky also frequently contributes a video blog to The Insider.

text:
# Darren Kavinoky

**Darren Kavinoky** is an American criminal lawyer and television journalist who is the creator of the television show *Deadly Sins* on Investigation Discovery. He is also the featured Criminal Interventionist on the Investigation Discovery TV series *Breaking Point*. Darren is an on-air legal analyst and a special correspondent for the syndicated show *The Insider*, where he reports on legal, political, and pop-culture issues. Kavinoky has also appeared on *The Insider*’s sister show, *Entertainment Tonight*, as well as NBC’s *Today Show*, *Dr. Phil*, various shows on CNN Headline News, and many other national and local television and radio programs. Kavinoky also frequently contributes a video blog to *The Insider*.

## Television

Kavinoky is the co-creator and host of Deadly Sins Archived May 2, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, which airs at 9 p.m. each Saturday night (and repeated throughout the week) on Investigation Discovery in the United States. The show uses the seven deadly sins as an analytical framework for understanding extreme forms of criminal misbehavior.

Kavinoky has authored three legal books, including *Facing a DUI Charge in California: What You Need to Know*.

## Awards

Kavinoky was named a Thomson Reuters *Super Lawyer Rising Star* in 2005 and 2006, and was named a *Super Lawyer* in 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013. He has been named one of the Top 100 Trial Lawyers in California by the National Trial Lawyers every year since 2007, and has received an "AV" Rating (highest level of skill and ethical standards) by the Martindale-Hubbell directory. Kavinoky was recently named one of the University of La Verne's 125 Notable Leos for Life in honor of the school's 125th anniversary.

## Education

## Personal life

Kavinoky is married and has one daughter. He is an endurance athlete, having completed seven Ironman Triathlons, several marathons, and one ultramarathon.

## InfoBox

| Darren Kavinoky | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1966-11-21) November 21, 1966<br>Vinita, Oklahoma |
| Alma mater | University of Oregon, San Diego State University, University of LaVerne |
| Occupation(s) | Attorney, correspondent for TV entertainment news |
| Children | 1 |
| Website | darrenkavinoky.com |


title: Tawse

abstract: The tawse, sometimes formerly spelled taws, is an implement used for corporal punishment. It was used for educational discipline, primarily in Scotland, but also in schools in a few English cities e.g. Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, Liverpool, Manchester and Walsall. A tawse consists of a strip of leather, with one end split into a number of tails. The thickness of the leather and the number of tails is variable. Many Scottish makers of horse tack made tawses for local schoolmasters. The official name "tawse" was hardly ever used in conversation by either teachers or pupils, who instead referred to it as either the school strap or the belt, the normal term for an unforked implement, as worn in trousers.

text:
# Tawse

The **tawse**, sometimes formerly spelled **taws** (the plural of Scots **taw**, a thong of a whip), is an implement used for corporal punishment. It was used for educational discipline, primarily in Scotland, but also in schools in a few English cities e.g. Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, Liverpool, Manchester and Walsall.

A tawse consists of a strip of leather, with one end split into a number of tails. The thickness of the leather and the number of tails is variable. Many Scottish makers of horse tack made tawses for local schoolmasters. The official name "tawse" was hardly ever used in conversation by either teachers or pupils, who instead referred to it as either **the school strap** or **the belt**, the normal term for an unforked implement, as worn in trousers (see belt).

## Schools

Scottish state (public) schools used the tawse to punish pupils of either sex on the palm of the outstretched hand. Pupils were usually instructed to hold out one hand, palm uppermost, supported by the other hand below, which made it difficult to move the hand away during the infliction of the strokes. It also ensured that the full force of each stroke was taken by the hand being strapped. The punishment was usually inflicted by the class teacher in front of the entire class, to act as a deterrent to others; sometimes by a designated teacher, such as the Deputy Headmaster, to whom the pupil was sent.

This was wielded in primary as well as secondary schools for both trivial and serious offences, and girls got belted as well as boys. Nearly 6 in 10 girls were strapped in school.

In Walsall and Gateshead, and in some schools in Manchester and Nottingham, students (mainly male) were tawsed on the seat of the trousers.

Some Scottish private (independent) schools also used the tawse, such as Keil School. St Aloysius' College, Glasgow used the ferula, a thin strip of metal covered in rubber, but others such as Fettes College used the cane instead, as did most schools in England outside the north-east.

In 1982, two Scottish mothers went to the European Court of Human Rights, who passed a judgment that parents had the right to refuse corporal punishment of a child. This judgement led indirectly to the use of the tawse (and all other forms of corporal punishment) being banned by law in UK state schools. The legislation came into force in 1987, but most Scottish local education authorities had already abolished it by the early 1980s.

John J. Dick Leather Goods was a manufacturer in Lochgelly estimated to have made around 70% of tawses when they were used in schools. Original tawses sold for around £6 in 1982 but twenty years later, some collectors were paying hundreds of pounds each for rare items.

## Judicial

The tawse was also used for judicial corporal punishment in Scotland as an alternative to the more usual birch. Courts could sentence boys of over 14 but under 16 to up to 36 strokes with an extra-heavy tawse for any offence. This was administered to the offender's bare buttocks. Judicial corporal punishment was abolished in 1948.


title: Dave Smith (fullback)

abstract: Dave Smith is a former American collegiate and professional football player. A fullback, he attended Greendale High School in Greendale, Wisconsin, before playing collegiately for Ripon College and professionally from 1960 through 1964 for the American Football League (AFL)'s Houston Oilers, where he was a member of the AFL's first two championship teams, in 1960 and 1961. He was selected by Sporting News as the first All-AFL fullback in 1960. The league did not play an All-Star game that first year, but Smith's 154 carries for 643 yards and 5 touchdowns earned him a berth on the All-League Team. Smith later became a scout for the Buffalo Bills.

text:
# Dave Smith (fullback)

**Dave Smith** (born March 23, 1937, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is a former American collegiate and professional football player. A fullback, he attended Greendale High School in Greendale, Wisconsin, before playing collegiately for Ripon College and professionally from 1960 through 1964 for the American Football League (AFL)'s Houston Oilers, where he was a member of the AFL's first two championship teams, in 1960 and 1961. He was selected by *Sporting News* as the first All-AFL fullback in 1960. The league did not play an All-Star game that first year, but Smith's 154 carries for 643 yards and 5 touchdowns earned him a berth on the All-League Team. Smith later became a scout for the Buffalo Bills.

## InfoBox

Dave Smith
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| No. 32 | |
| Position: | Fullback |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1937-03-23) March 23, 1937<br>Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Career information | |
| College: | Ripon |
| NFL draft: | 1959 / round: 21 / pick: 241 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Dave Smith (pitcher, born 1955)

abstract: David Stanley Smith was an American Major League Baseball relief pitcher, primarily for the Houston Astros, for whom he pitched from 1980 to 1990. He also pitched for the Chicago Cubs.

text:
# Dave Smith (pitcher, born 1955)

**David Stanley Smith** (January 21, 1955 – December 17, 2008) was an American Major League Baseball relief pitcher, primarily for the Houston Astros, for whom he pitched from 1980 to 1990. He also pitched for the Chicago Cubs.

## Early life

Smith was born in Richmond, California, and attended San Diego State University. He was drafted in the eighth round (169th overall) of the 1976 Major League Baseball Draft. He was signed by scout Bob Cluck.

## Baseball career

Smith made his Major League debut on April 11, 1980, against the Los Angeles Dodgers. Sent in for the top of the eighth inning, Smith allowed two walks and a hit but did not allow a run. The Astros rallied in the bottom of the inning for five runs to victory, as Smith earned his first win. Smith appeared in 57 games that year while pitching 102.2 innings (a career high), collecting ten saves while having a 7–5 record with a 1.93 ERA. He struck out 85 batters while walking 32 of them, and he received votes in the Rookie of the Year balloting, finishing fifth. That year, the Astros reached the postseason for the first time in franchise history. Smith appeared in three games of the 1980 National League Championship Series. In Game 2, he pitched to seven batters in the seventh and eighth innings, allowing one run to score while the Astros won 7–4. In Game 3, he was tasked to pitch the eleventh inning of a scoreless tie. He allowed one hit and a walk before the Astros rallied in the bottom of the inning for a walk-off victory. This set the stage for a pivotal Game 4, in which an Astros win would have advanced them to the World Series. In the top of the eighth inning, he was sent to replace Vern Ruhle, who had seen his shutout end on a Pete Rose single. Facing Mike Schmidt on a full count, Smith allowed a single that scored Lonnie Smith to tie the game. Smith was taken out of Joe Sambito, but the Phillies tacked on another run to take the lead. While the Astros rallied to force it into extra innings, the Phillies won the game in the tenth inning (with three hits off Sambito) and won the series the next day.

The following year, Smith pitched in 42 games with 75 innings pitched while collecting eight saves with 52 strikeouts and 23 walks and a 2.76 ERA. The Astros returned to the postseason that year and met the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 1981 National League Division Series. Smith pitched the ninth and tenth inning of Game 1, a game that ended with an 11th inning victory for Houston. Smith pitched to two batters of the decisive Game 5 and allowed one run on a hit in the 4–0 loss. Smith started one game in his career, doing so on June 25, 1982, against the Dodgers. He lasted two innings while allowing four hits and three runs.

Smith served as the team's primary closer after the 1984 season; he had saved forty games in his first five seasons, but he saved 159 games over the next six seasons for the Astros. In 1986, Smith pitched 56 innings with 54 appearances in games, which resulted in 33 saves with a 2.73 ERA and a 4–7 record while striking out 46 batters with 22 walks. He was named to the All-Star Game that year. Smith and the Astros returned to the postseason that season. He pitched Game 3 and Game 6 of the 1986 National League Championship Series against the New York Mets. In Game 3, he relieved Charlie Kerfeld in the ninth inning of a 5–4 lead for Houston. He gave up a leadoff bunt single by Wally Backman, who the Astros felt stepped way out of the basepaths. One out later, Lenny Dykstra, hit a deep shot to right field on a forkball that went for a home run to win the game for the Mets. Game 6 would later be referred to as one of the most memorable postseason games in history. Smith was sent to pitch the ninth inning to take over for Bob Knepper, who had allowed two runs to score on three hits. With a 3–2 lead and a runner on base with one out, Smith walked two batters to load the bases. Ray Knight then tied the game with a sacrifice fly deep to right field. Smith pitched the tenth inning and allowed no hits, but the Astros went on to lose in the sixteenth inning.

Smith pitched his final year with the Astros in 1990. He made the All-Star team that season, pitching with a 2.39 ERA in 49 games and 60.1 innings while collecting 23 saves with fifty strikeouts and twenty walks to go with a 6–6 record. Smith left the Astros following the 1990 season, signing with the Chicago Cubs ten days after being granted free agency. He pitched in 35 games for 33 innings pitched for a 6.00 ERA, striking out sixteen batters with nineteen walks while going 0–6 with seventeen saves. The following year was his last in the majors, as he pitched in eleven games before being released in June. He had a 2.51 ERA in 14.1 innings and eleven games pitched. In his last game on June 8 against the St. Louis Cardinals, he went 1.2 innings and allowed two runs on four hits. His career win-loss record was 53-53. He holds the Astros record for games pitched (586) and home runs per nine innings (0.331). His 2.53 ERA is third-best in Astros history. His 199 saves was a team record until Billy Wagner passed him. Smith had 216 total saves (with 52 blown opportunities).

## Personal life

Smith was married twice and had three children in total. After his playing career ended, he worked under the minor league system for the San Diego Padres from 1994 to 1998 before being promoted to the major league staff in 1999, where he coached until 2001; in that year, he undertook an alcohol rehabilitation program and missed a month of the season before resigning in June. He was one of the directors of The San Diego School of Baseball for nearly 30 years. Smith died of a heart attack on December 17, 2008, in San Diego, California.

## InfoBox

| Dave Smith | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:** (1955-01-21)January 21, 1955
Richmond, California, U.S. | |
| **Died:** December 17, 2008(2008-12-17) (aged 53)
San Diego, California, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| April 11, 1980, for the Houston Astros | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| June 8, 1992, for the Chicago Cubs | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Win–loss record | 53–53 |
| Earned run average | 2.67 |
| Strikeouts | 548 |
| Saves | 216 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |


title: Teatro São Luiz

abstract: The Teatro São Luiz is a theatre located in the Chiado district of the Portuguese capital of Lisbon. It opened on 22 May 1894.

text:
# Teatro São Luiz

The **Teatro São Luiz** is a theatre located in the Chiado district of the Portuguese capital of Lisbon. It opened on 22 May 1894.

## Early history

*Teatro Municipal de São Luiz* was the idea of the Portuguese actor, Guilherme da Silveira, who became its first technical director. He persuaded several investors to fund the new theatre, led by Luís de Braga Júnior, the Viscount of São Luiz de Braga. The French architect Louis Reynaud was contracted to design the theatre, giving it a "Parisian" style. Interior decorations included a fresco by the Italian set designer, Luigi Manini. The theatre was originally named the *Teatro Dona Amélia*, after the then Queen of Portugal and the Queen and King Carlos attended the official opening on 22 May 1894, their eighth wedding anniversary. The first performance was Offenbach’s comic operetta, *The Drum Major’s Daughter*.

The theatre quickly became an important cultural and artistic centre of the elite of Lisbon. It attracted many famous European actors including Sarah Bernhardt (1899), Eleonora Duse (1898), Coquelin Cadet, Gabrielle Réjane, and Jeanne Julia Bartet (1902), as well as the actor and director André Antoine, creator of *Théâtre Libre*. The *Teatro Dona Amélia* also housed a cinematograph, installed in 1896, that showed short films, among them the earliest films shot in Portugal, during the intervals and at the end of plays. It also hosted carnival balls, choral music, and many lunches. In 1898, the theatre group of Augusto Rosa and Eduardo Brazão took up residence and attracted many of the most famous Portuguese actors to the theatre, including Adelina Abranches, Palmira Bastos, António Pinheiro, Chaby Pinheiro, Emília Cândida, and Actor Taborda. Bastos would give her final performance at the *São Luiz*, at the age of 91.

In 1910, following the overthrow of the monarchy, the Viscount renamed it *Teatro da República*. In September 1914 a fire completely destroyed the theatre, a fate that befell several theatres in Lisbon. It was speedily rebuilt to the original design, and was reopened on 16 January 1916 with a performance of *Os Posticos* by Eduardo Schwalbach Lucci, with President Machado in attendance. The same year witnessed the debut in the theatre of the popular Portuguese actor, Amélia Rey Colaço. In the following year Almada Negreiros read his “Futurist Ultimatum” to a scandalized audience that included the famous Portuguese poet, Fernando Pessoa.

## Conversion to cinema

The Viscount of São Luiz de Braga died in 1918 and in his honour the theatre was then renamed as the *Teatro São Luiz*. In 1928 it was remodelled to enable film projection, with the first film to be shown being *Metropolis*, directed by Fritz Lang and accompanied by a 15-piece band. Further changes were made in 1930, and it became the first sound film cinema in Portugal, with the first film to be shown being *Prix de Beauté*. The first Portuguese sound film, *A Severa*, by José Leitão de Barros, was screened on 18 June 1931. From 1960 the *São Luiz* started to lose popularity as a cinema, leading to an unsuccessful attempt to return it to live theatre.

## Purchase by Lisbon Council

In 1971, the theatre was bought by Lisbon City Council, and its name was changed to *Teatro Municipal de São Luiz*. The new resident company had Luiz Francisco Rebello as Director, and included Eunice Muñoz among the actors. In 1990 the Council contracted with the *Companhia Teatral do Chiado* (Theatre Company of Chiado) and Mário Viegas to operate the theatre. In 1998, major remodelling and expansion began. This involved the restoration of the main theatre, the remodelling of the stage and back-stage areas, and the creation of a studio room, a café-concert and a restaurant. Following completion of the work the theatre re-opened with the musical *Amália*, by Filipe La Féria. In July 2016, the main theatre was named after the Portuguese actor Luís Miguel Cintra.

In January 2008, *Teatro São Luiz* premiered *Evil Machines*, a musical play written by the Monty Python team member Terry Jones. This was based on his book, with original music by Portuguese composer Luis Tinoco.

## InfoBox

Teatro São Luiz
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | Rua António Maria Cardoso
Lisbon
Portugal |
| Coordinates | 38°42′33″N 09°08′32″W / 38.70917°N 9.14222°W / 38.70917; -9.14222 |
| Owner | Lisbon City Council |
| Construction | |
| Opened | 22 May 1894; reopened November 2002 |
| Architect | Louis Reynaud |


title: David Bamford

abstract: David Phillip Bamford is a former Australian badminton player. On 22 June 2000, Bamford was awarded the Australian Sports Medal for badmintoning achievements.

text:
# David Bamford

**David Phillip Bamford** (born 29 March 1976 in Melbourne, Victoria) is a former Australian badminton player.

On 22 June 2000, Bamford was awarded the Australian Sports Medal for badmintoning achievements.

## InfoBox

| David Bamford | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nickname(s) | Ambitious |
| Birth name | David Phillip Bamford |
| Country | Australia |
| Born | (1976-03-29) 29 March 1976<br>Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
| Height | 152 cm (5 ft 0 in) |
| Weight | 78 kg (172 lb) |
| Event | Men's doubles/Mixed Doubles |
| Updated on 6 January 2011. | |


title: David Banderali

abstract: David Banderali was an Italian tenor, popular in France in the nineteenth century. He was also professor of singing at the Conservatory of Milan and from 1828 until his death from cholera at the Paris Conservatoire.

text:
# David Banderali

**David Banderali** (or *Davidde*; Palazzolo sull'Oglio, Italy, January 12, 1789 – Paris, 13 June 1849) was an Italian tenor, popular in France in the nineteenth century.

He was also professor of singing at the Conservatory of Milan and from 1828 until his death from cholera at the Paris Conservatoire.

## Biography

He received his musical education in Lodi. At 17, he attracted the attention of Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria, wife of Eugène de Beauharnais, Viceroy of Italy, and was appointed to their court. In 1812 he was summoned to Moscow by Napoleon, but the journey was interrupted and he returned to Milan.

His musical talent and his qualities as a singer won him the appointment of Master of Singing at the Milan Conservatory, where he had among his pupils Giuditta Pasta, Giovanni Battista Rubini, Fanny Eckerlin, Timoleon Alexander, Giulio Pellegrini, Adolphe-Joseph-Louis Alizard and Violante Camporesi.

In 1828 he was called to France by the Director of Fine Arts for the post of professor of singing at the Paris Conservatoire. His activities earned him the decoration of the Legion of Honour in 1842.

* Dictionnaire universel d'histoire et de géographie (Bouillet et Chassang)


title: David Bancroft Johnson

abstract: David Bancroft Johnson, Jr. was the founder and first president of the "Winthrop Training School" for white women teachers, now Winthrop University.

text:
# David Bancroft Johnson

**David Bancroft Johnson, Jr.** (January 10, 1856 - December 26, 1928) was the founder and first president of the "Winthrop Training School" for white women teachers, now Winthrop University.

## Biography

David Bancroft Johnson, Jr. was born on January 10, 1856, in La Grange, Tennessee, to David Bancroft Johnson, Sr. who died the following year.

In 1886, when Winthrop was founded, Johnson was serving as the school superintendent of Columbia, South Carolina, schools.

He died on December 26, 1928, in Rock Hill, South Carolina.

## InfoBox

| David Bancroft Johnson | |
| --- | --- |
| Johnson circa 1915 | |
|  | |
| 1st President of Winthrop University | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1856-01-10)January 10, 1856
La Grange, Tennessee |
| Died | December 26, 1928(1928-12-26) (aged 72)
Rock Hill, South Carolina |
| Signature |  |
|  | |


title: Date and time notation in Belgium

abstract:
According to the BIN standard, there are three ways to write a date in Belgium:
  - day d month yyyy
  - dd.mm.yyyy ("09.09.2000")
  - yyyy-mm-dd ("2000-09-09") is the ISO 8601. All Belgian weeks begin on Monday at 00:00. In written language, time is expressed exclusively in 24-hour using a colon to separate hours and minutes (HH:MM). It is written 09:09/21:21.

text:
# Date and time notation in Belgium

According to the BIN standard (NBN Z 01-002), there are three ways to write a date in Belgium:

* *day d month yyyy* ("maandag 9 september 2000"/"lundi 9 septembre 2000"/"Montag, den 9. September 2000")
* *dd.mm.yyyy* ("09.09.2000")
* *yyyy-mm-dd* ("2000-09-09") is the ISO 8601.

All Belgian weeks begin on Monday at 00:00.

In written language, time is expressed exclusively in 24-hour using a colon to separate hours and minutes (HH:MM). It is written 09:09/21:21.


title: Tchami discography

text:
# Tchami discography

This is the discography of French DJ Tchami.

## Albums

List of studio albums
| Title | Details |
| --- | --- |
| *Year Zero* |  |

## Extended plays

| Title | Details |
| --- | --- |
| *After Life* |  |
| *Revelations* | * Released : 25 August 2017 * Label : Confession * Format : Digital download |
| *No Redemption* | * Released : 4 April 2018 * Label : Confession * Format : Digital download |
| *Aurra / Shades* | * Released : 4 October 2018 * Label : Confession * Format : Digital download |

## Singles

|
|  |
| Title | Year | Artists | Albums | Labels |
|
|
|
| **As lead artist** | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| "Promesses" | 2013 | Tchami feat. Kaleem Taylor | *Promesses* | Fool's Gold Records |
| "Shot Caller" | | Tchami | | |
| "Untrue" | | 2014 | Non-album single | Spinnin' Records |
| "After Life" | 2015 | Tchami feat. Stacy Barthe | *After Life EP* | Confession |
| "Missing You" | | Tchami feat. AC Slater & Kaleem Taylor | | |
| "Freakin" | | Tchami & Dombresky | | |
| "Alone" | | Tchami & Illangelo feat. Chuck Ellis | | |
| "Superlativ" | | Tchami | | |
| "Prophecy" | 2016 | Tchami & Malaa | Non-album single | |
| "Adieu" | 2017 | Tchami | *Revelations EP* | |
| "World To Me" | | Tchami feat. Luke James | | |
| "Godspell" | | Tchami feat. Taiki Nulight | | |
| "Don't Let Me Down" | | Tchami feat. Kaelyn Behr | | |
| "Zeal" | | Tchami | | |
| "Adieu, Pt. II" | || |
| "Love Language" | | Tchami & Angelz | Alchemy II | |
| "Summer 99'" | | Tchami & Malaa | *No Redemption EP* | |
| "The Sermon" | | ||
| "Kurupt" | | | 2018 | |
| "My Place" | | Tchami & Brohug feat. Reece | Non-album singles | |
| "Omega" | 2019 | | Tchami feat. Ibranovski | |
| "Rainforest" | | | Tchami | |
| "Proud" | 2020 | Tchami feat. Daecolm | *Year Zero* | |
| "Ghosts" | | Tchami feat. Hana | | |
| "Born Again" | | Tchami | | |
| "Buenos Aires" | | Tchami | | |
| "Faith" | | Tchami feat. Marlena Shaw | | |
| "Praise" | | Tchami feat. Gunna | | |
| "Make Amends" | 2021 | Curbi & Tchami feat. Kyan Palmer | Non-album singles | Spinnin' Records |
| "Eternity" | | Tchami & Habstrakt feat. Lena Leon | | Confession |
| "Tonight" | 2022 | Snakehips & Tchami | | Never Worry Records |
| "The Calling" | | Tchami & MARTEN HØRGER | | Confession |
| "LOW" | | Oliver Heldens, Tchami, & Anabel Englund | | Heldeep Records |
|
| **As featured artist** | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| "Dealer" | 2017 | AC Slater feat. Tchami & Rome Fortune | Non-album single | OWSLA |
|

## Guest appearances

List of non-single guest appearances, with other performing artists, showing year released and album name
| Title | Year | Other artist(s) | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| "Made in France" | 2019 | DJ Snake, Malaa, & Mercer | *Carte Blanche* |
| "Discipline" | 2022 | Malaa | *Don Malaa* |
|

## Remixes

| Title | Year | Artists |
| --- | --- | --- |
| "Go Deep" | 2013 | Janet Jackson |
| "MYB" | | Oliver |
| "Turn It Up" | 2014 | Mercer |
| "Wizard" | | Martin Garrix & Jay Hardway |
| "Not Coming Down" | | Candyland & Zak Waters |
| "Move Your Body" | | Marshall Jefferson |
| "Pushing On" | | Oliver $ & Jimi Jules |
| "Stressed Out" | | A Tribe Called Quest |
| "It Takes Two" | | Rob Base and DJ E-Z Rock |
| "Take Ü There" | | Jack Ü feat. Kiesza |
| "You Know You Like It"<br>(DJ Snake Remix) | | AlunaGeorge |
| "Timeless" | 2015 | Caroline Koch |
| "17" | 2017 | MK |
| "JustYourSoul" | 2020 | Valentino Khan & Diplo |
| "Stay" | | Justin Martin feat. Dalilah |
| "Freefall" | 2021 | Whethan feat. Oliver Tree |
| "Sweet Savage"(with Movenchy) | | Tchami feat. Ant Clemons |
| "Heartbreak Anthem" | | Galantis, David Guetta & Little Mix |
| "Say Nothing" | 2022 | Flume feat. May-a |

## Productions credits

|
|  |
| Title | Year | Artist | Albums | Credit(s) |
|
|
| "Sexxx Dreams" | 2013 | Lady Gaga | *Artpop* | Composition |
| "Do What U Want" | | Lady Gaga feat. R. Kelly | | |
| "Applause" | | Lady Gaga | | |
| "Turn Down for What" | | DJ Snake & Lil Jon | Non-album singles | Co-producer |
| "Get Low" | 2014 | Dillon Francis & DJ Snake | | *Money Sucks, Friends Rule* |
| "You Know You Like It" | | DJ Snake & AlunaGeorge | | Non-album singles |
| "Rien à Envier" | | | | David Carreira |
| "Deviens Génial" | 2018 | Vald | | *XEU* |
| "Shameless" | 2019 | Camila Cabello | | *Romance* |
| "Stupid Love" | 2020 | Lady Gaga | *Chromatica* | Producer |
| "Rain on Me" | | Lady Gaga & Ariana Grande | | Additional Producer |
| "1000 Doves" | | Lady Gaga | | Producer |
| "Babylon" | | Additional Producer | |

## Music videos

* 2015 : Tchami feat. Stacy Barthe \- "After Life"
* 2017 : Tchami feat. Luke James \- "World To Me"
* 2020 : Tchami feat. Gunna \- "Praise"

## InfoBox

| Tchami discography | |
| --- | --- |
| Studio albums | 1 |
| Music videos | 2 |
| EPs | 3 |
| Singles | 21 |


title: Tchambao

abstract: Tchambao is a village in the Assoli prefecture in the Kara Region of north-eastern Togo.

text:
# Tchambao

**Tchambao**  is a village in the Assoli prefecture in the Kara Region of north-eastern Togo.

1. Maplandia world gazetteer

## InfoBox

| Tchambao | |
| --- | --- |
| TchambaoLocation in Togo | |
| Coordinates: 9°20′N 1°1′E / 9.333°N 1.017°E / 9.333; 1.017 | |
| Country | Togo |
| Region | Kachin State |
| Prefecture | Assoli |
| Time zone | UTC \+ 0 |


title: David Gorrod

abstract: David Edward Gorrod is an English cricketer. Gorrod is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Wimbledon, London. Gorrod represented the Surrey Cricket Board in List A cricket. His debut List A match came against Huntingdonshire in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. From 2001 to 2002, he represented the Board in 4 List A matches, the last of which came against the Essex Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002. In his 4 List A matches, he took 4 wickets at a bowling average of 30.00, with best figures of 3/37. He currently plays club cricket for Malden Wanderers Cricket Club in the Surrey Championship.

text:
# David Gorrod

**David Edward Gorrod** (born 10 November 1975) is an English cricketer. Gorrod is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Wimbledon, London.

Gorrod represented the Surrey Cricket Board in List A cricket. His debut List A match came against Huntingdonshire in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. From 2001 to 2002, he represented the Board in 4 List A matches, the last of which came against the Essex Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002. In his 4 List A matches, he took 4 wickets at a bowling average of 30.00, with best figures of 3/37.

He currently plays club cricket for Malden Wanderers Cricket Club in the Surrey Championship.

## InfoBox

David Gorrod
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | David Edward Gorrod |
| Born | (1975-11-10) 10 November 1975<br>Wimbledon, London, England |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm fast-medium |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 2001-2002 | Surrey Cricket Board |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition LA  Matches 4  Runs scored 66  Batting average 22.00  100s/50s –/–  Top score 49  Balls bowled 162  Wickets 4  Bowling average 30.00  5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling 3/37  Catches/stumpings –/– | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 30 October 2010 | |


title: Tarana Road railway station

abstract: Tarana Road railway station is a small railway station in Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh. Its code is TAN. It serves Tarana town. The station consists of two platforms, neither well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. This station is electrified in 1992 and Ratlam–Ujjain-Bhopal passenger was first electric train on this track.

text:
# Tarana Road railway station

**Tarana Road railway station** is a small railway station in Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh. Its code is **TAN**. It serves Tarana town. The station consists of two platforms, neither well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. This station is electrified in 1992 and Ratlam–Ujjain-Bhopal passenger was first electric train on this track.

## Major trains

## InfoBox

| Tarana Road | |
| --- | --- |
| Indian Railways station | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Tarana, Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh<br>India |
| Coordinates | 23°15′51″N 76°03′59″E / 23.2642°N 76.0665°E / 23.2642; 76.0665 |
| Elevation | 500 metres (1,600 ft) |
| Owned by | Indian Railways |
| Operated by | Western Railway |
| Platforms | 2 |
| Tracks | 4 (Double Electrified BG) |
| Connections | Auto stand |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Standard (on-ground station) |
| Parking | No |
| Bicycle facilities | No |
| Other information | |
| Status | Functioning |
| Station code | TAN |
| Zone(s) | Western Railway |
| Division(s) | Ratlam |
| History | |
| Electrified | Yes |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Tarana Raja

abstract: Tarana Raja is an Indian actress, podcaster, writer, television anchor and radio host. She co-hosted a popular radio show in Mumbai, "Jaggu and Tarana", alongside Ashish Jagtiani. Due to the popularity of the radio program, a television show called COLORS CricQuiz was created.

text:
# Tarana Raja

**Tarana Raja** is an Indian actress, podcaster, writer, television anchor and radio host.

She co-hosted a popular radio show in Mumbai, "Jaggu and Tarana", alongside Ashish Jagtiani (aka Jaggu). Due to the popularity of the radio program, a television show called COLORS CricQuiz was created.

## Biography

Tarana Raja was born on Monday, January 24, 1977 in Delhi, India, to parents Madhu Raja and Rabindranath Raja. She was raised in Mumbai, because her family moved when she was very young. She attended University of Mumbai and Shiamak Davar's Institute of Performing Arts.

## Filmography

### Film

Film
| Year | Name | Role | Film genre | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | *Jodi Breakers* | as Isha | romantic comedy |  |
| 2010 | *Karthik Calling Karthik* | as Neelu Didi | psychological thriller |  |
| 2008 | *Thoda Pyaar Thoda Magic* |  | fantasy, comedy-drama |  |
| 2007 | *Laaga Chunari Mein Daag* (Journey Of A Woman) | as Sophia | drama |  |
| 2006 | *Pyaar Ke Side Effects* | as Shalini | romantic comedy |  |

### Television

Television
| Show / Movie | Period / Year | Role | notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Bade Achhe Lagte Hain* | 2011 - 2014 | as Neha Vikram Shergill |  |
| *Dil Dosti Dance* | 2011–2012 | as Smriti Ghai | mother of Kriya Ghai (Shakti Mohan) |
| *Face to Face & In Conversation with Tarana* (anchor) | 2009–2012 |  |  |
| *Apsara Awards* | 2012 |  |  |
| *New Talent Awards* | 2012 |  |  |
| *Some Girl(s)* | 2009–2010 | as Bobby/ Shivani |  |
| *Let's Talk* | 2008–2010 |  |  |
| *Kuchh Is Tara* | 2008–2009 | as Pooja Godbole |  |
| *Zing Expose* | 2009 | anchor | A news-based entertainment show. |
| *Khud Par Karo Yakeen* | 2008 |  |  |
| *Flashback* | 2008 |  |  |
| *Dance India Dance* | 2008 | anchor |  |
| *Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa* | 2007 | as ACP Devika |  |
| *DD Top 10* | 2004–2007 |  |  |
| *Zee Cine Awards* | 2006 | Host |  |
| *The Great Indian Comedy Show* | 2004–2005 |  |  |
| *Lo Kal-Lo Baat* | 2004–2005 |  |  |
| *Apni Tuning Jamegi* | 2005 |  |  |
| *Recova Superfan – The Hunt for Amitabh Bachchan's biggest fan* | 2004–2005 | anchor |  |
| *Sanjivani* | 2004 | as Reena | Arjun Punj |
| *Kumkum – Pyara Sa Bandhan* | 2004 | as Nalli | Hussain Kuwajerwala, Juhi Parmar |
| *Saathiya* | 2004 | as Simran |  |
| *Kasautii Zindagi Kay* | 2002–2004 | as Vishakha Bajaj | Starring in lead roles Cezanne Khan/Hiten Tejwani, Shweta Tiwari |
| *Chitrahaar* | 2001–2004 |  |  |
| *Star Parivaar Awards* | 2004 | Host |  |
| *Kkusum* | 2002 | as Sonia Jhulka |  |
| *Sanskruti* | 2001–2002 | as Surabhi / Tanya Goenka |  |
| *Screen Awards* | 2002 |  |  |
| *Music this Week* | 2000–2002 | anchor |  |
| *Chit Chaat* | 2000–2002 | anchor |  |
| *Artist Of The Fortnight* | 2000–2002 |  |  |
| *Dekho Kya Fark Hai* | 2000–2002 |  |  |
| *Old is Gold* | 2000–2002 |  |  |
| *Zee & You* | 2000 |  |  |
| *Indian Investor of the Year* |  |  |  |

## Radio

Radio
| Year | Name | Role | Station | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2002–2009 | *Good Morning Mumbai* | host | Go 92.5 FM | She became a household name through this show. |
|  | *Radio Talkies* |  | Radio midday |  |
|  | *Good Morning Mumbai* |  | Go 92.5 FM |  |
|  | *Flashback* |  | Go 92.5 FM |  |
| 2013–2016 | *Wake Up With Jaggu & Tarana* | co-host | Josh FM (Dubai) |  |
| 2017-2021 | *The Jaggu and Tarana Show* | co-host | Suno 102.4 (Dubai) |  |

## Theatre

Theatre
| Date | Name | Location | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2022-23 | *Pink is the New Black* | Sillypoint Productions, Mumbai, India | Gayatri |  |
| 2009–2010 | *Some Girl(s)* | Q Theatre Productions, Mumbai, India | as Bobby/ Shivani |  |

## Dubbing roles

Live action films
| Film title | Original actress | Role | Dubbed Language | Original Language | Original year release | Dubbed year release | Note(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Eragon* |  |  | Hindi | English | 2006 | 2006 |  |
| *300* | Lena Headey | Queen Gorgo <br>(first dub) | Hindi | English | 2007 | 2007 | Voiced a character for the Sound & Vision India Hindi dub. |
|

### Animated films

| Film Title | Role | Original voice | Dub Language | Original Language | Original Year Release | Dub year Release | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quest for Camelot |  |  | Hindi | English | 1998 | Unknown |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Tarana Raja | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | New Delhi, India |
| Occupations | * Actress * podcaster * writer * television anchor * radio host |
| Years active | 1995 onwards |


title: Fito & Fitipaldis

abstract: Fito & Fitipaldis is a Spanish rock band, formed in 1998. It was created by Fito Cabrales with the intention of publishing songs which were not in the style of his other band, Platero y Tú. Its style is a mix of rock, soul, swing, and other genres. By October 2014 the band's sales had surpassed 1,600,000 discs.

text:
# Fito & Fitipaldis

**Fito & Fitipaldis** (Spanish pronunciation: \[ˈfitoj fitiˈpaldis\]) is a Spanish rock band, formed in 1998. It was created by Fito Cabrales with the intention of publishing songs which were not in the style of his other band, Platero y Tú. Its style is a mix of rock, soul, swing, and other genres. By October 2014 the band's sales had surpassed 1,600,000 discs.

## Former and Current members

* Singer & guitar: Adolfo "Fito" Cabrales
* Guitar: J.A. Batiz, Carlos Raya, Txus Alday
* Bass: Edu Baxter, Roberto "Candy" Caramelo, Miguel Colino
* Drums: Arturo García, Ricardo Cantera, Fernan Irazoki, José "el niño" Bruno, "Polako", Daniel Griffin, Coki Giménez
* Saxophone: Javi Alzola
* Piano: Mario Larrañaga
* Hammond organ and Keyboards: Joserra Semperena

### Timeline

## Discography

### Studio albums

| Year | Studio albums | Peak chart positions | Certifications
(sales thresholds) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | SPA
 | |
|
| 1998 | ***A Puerta Cerrada***  * Released: 16 October 1998 * Label: Dro | 54 |  |
| 2001 | ***Los Sueños Locos***  * Released: 19 October 2001 * Label: Dro | 30 |  |
| 2003 | ***Lo Más Lejos a Tu Lado***  * Released: 1 September 2003 * Label: Dro | 2 |  |
| 2006 | ***Por la Boca Vive el Pez***  * Released: 11 September 2006 * Label: Dro | 1 |  |
| 2009 | ***Antes de que Cuente Diez***  * Released: 15 September 2009 * Label: Dro | 1 |  |
| 2014 | ***Huyendo conmigo de mí***  * Released: 28 October 2014 * Label: Dro | 1 |  |
| 2021 | ***Cada vez Cadáver***  * Released: 24 September 2021 * Label: Dro | 1 |  |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that country. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Live albums

| Year | Live albums | Peak chart positions | Certifications
(sales thresholds) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | SPA
 | |
|
| 2004 | ***Vivo...Para Contarlo***  * Released: 22 November 2004 * Label: Dro | 8 |  |
| 2008 | ***Dos Son Multitud*** featuring Andrés Calamaro  * Released: 25 March 2008 * Label: Dro | 2 |  |
| 2014 | ***En Directo desde el Teatro Arriaga***  * Released: 4 March 2014 * Label: Dro | 2 |  |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that country. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## In other media

The song "Por la boca vive el pez" is a DLC song in the video game Guitar Hero World Tour

## InfoBox

| Fito & Fitipaldis | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Bilbao, Spain |
| Genres | Rock and roll, blues rock, rockabilly, rhythm and blues, swing, jazz, Latin rock |
| Years active | 1998–present |
| Labels | DRO |
|  | |
| Members | Fito Cabrales
Carlos Raya
Javier Alzola
Alejandro "Boli" Climent
Coki Giménez |
|  | |
| Past members | José Alberto Bátiz
Miguel Colino
Roberto Caballero
Irazoki
Polako
Chema "Animal"
José "El niño" Bruno
Candy Caramelo
Joserra Semperena |
|  | |
| Website | http://www.fitoyfitipaldis.com |


title: Sheerah

abstract: Sheerah is a woman in the Hebrew Bible who appears only in 1 Chronicles 7:24, where it says that she built three cities: Lower and Upper Beth-horon, and Uzzen-sheerah. According to 2 Chronicles 8:5, Upper and Lower Beth-horon were rebuilt by Solomon as fortified cities. Sheerah was the daughter of Ephraim, and her brothers were Shuthelah, Bered, Tahath, Eleadah, Zabad, Beriah, Rephah, Resheph, Telah, Tahan, Ladan, Ammihud, Elishama, Nun, and Joshua. Herbert Lockyer suggests that she "must have been a woman of physical power," while Antje Labahn and Ehud Ben Zvi note that "her prestige remained in the community" since one of the cities (Uzzen-sheerah) carried her name. David Frankel notes that Sheerah and her family were born and raised in Canaan during the same time period where all Israelites were allegedly enslaved in Egypt. He concludes that the author of the Book of Chronicles unintentionally preserved an ancient tradition of Israelite indigeneity to Canaan.

text:
# Sheerah

**Sheerah** is a woman in the Hebrew Bible who appears only in 1 Chronicles 7:24, where it says that she built three cities: Lower and Upper Beth-horon, and Uzzen-sheerah. According to 2 Chronicles 8:5, Upper and Lower Beth-horon were rebuilt by Solomon as fortified cities.

Sheerah was the daughter of Ephraim, and her brothers were Shuthelah, Bered, Tahath, Eleadah, Zabad, Beriah, Rephah, Resheph, Telah, Tahan, Ladan, Ammihud, Elishama, Nun, and Joshua.

Herbert Lockyer suggests that she "must have been a woman of physical power," while Antje Labahn and Ehud Ben Zvi note that "her prestige remained in the community" since one of the cities (Uzzen-sheerah) carried her name.

David Frankel notes that Sheerah and her family were born and raised in Canaan during the same time period where all Israelites were allegedly enslaved in Egypt. He concludes that the author of the Book of Chronicles unintentionally preserved an ancient tradition of Israelite indigeneity to Canaan.


title: Princes et Princesses

abstract: Princes et Princesses is a 2000 compilation film by French animator Michel Ocelot. The film consists of six episodes of the 1989 French silhouette animation television series Ciné si.

text:
# Princes et Princesses

***Princes et Princesses*** (Princes and Princesses) is a 2000 compilation film by French animator Michel Ocelot.

The film consists of six episodes of the 1989 French silhouette animation television series *Ciné si*.

## Release

Produced in 1999 by Les Armateurs and released to French cinemas on 26 January 2000, *Princes et princesses* became Ocelot's second feature film (following 1998's *Kirikou and the Sorceress*). The feature version comprises slightly edited versions of 6 of the 8 12-minute episodes, with the addition of a 1-minute intermission at the half-way point. In Japan, it was distributed on DVD-Video with the co-operation of Studio Ghibli, initially in the Ghibli Cinema Library and re-released under the Ghibli Museum Library label. The film won both the adult and children's jury awards at the Chicago International Children's Film Festival.

### Home media

As of November 2010, there are no known plans to release *Princes et princesses* in the United Kingdom or Australia. It has seen home video releases in the United States and earlier in Canada, however, where it is only available as the second disc of a *Kirikou and the Sorceress* two-DVD set. Both discs have English subtitles, though only for the main feature on each. Also, there is no DVD which uses the full, original, 1.5:1 aspect ratio; they are optimised for either 4:3 or 16:9 screens and playing the pillarboxed widescreen version on a 4:3 television will result in windowboxing.

| Country | Title | Format | Region code | Publisher | Date | Catalogue № | Aspect ratio | Subtitles |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| South Korea | 프린스 앤 프린세스 | NTSC | All | Daum Media | 2003-05-30 | DAD-158 | 1.37:1 fullscreen | English, Korean |
| Canada | Kirikou et la sorcière | NTSC | 1 | Alliance Atlantis | 2004-12-21 |  | 1.37:1 fullscreen | English, French |
| United States | Princes and Princesses | NTSC | 1 | KimStim | 2008-07-29 |  | 1.37:1 fullscreen | English |
| France | Princes et princesses | PAL | 2 | France Télévisions | 2004-07-28 | EDV 174 | 1.56:1 anamorphic widescreen | English, French |
| Japan | プリンス＆プリンセス | NTSC | 2 | Ghibli Cinema Library/Buena Vista Home Entertainment | 2004-12-03
2007-07-18 (Re-release) | VWDZ8716 | 1.56:1 anamorphic widescreen | English, French, Japanese |
| Taiwan | 王子與公主 | NTSC | 3 | Power International Multimedia | 2005-09-30 |  | 1.37:1 fullscreen | English, French, Traditional Chinese |
| Italy | Principi e Principesse | PAL | 2 | * Alfadiesis * Edizioni Cineteca di Bologna (re-release) | * 2005-05-05 (first release) * 2022-09-25 (re-release) |  | 4:3 | Italian, French |

1. "*Princes and Princess*". The Numbers. Retrieved 25 October 2010.
2. Recio, Lorenzo (October 2005). "Portrait : Michel Ocelot". *ARTE.tv*. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-08-25.
3. "Amazon.com: *Princes and Princesses*: Animation, Michel Ocelot: Movies & TV". *Amazon*. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
4. "*Princes and Princesses*". *Kino International*. Kino Lorber. Archived from the original on 2010-12-26. Retrieved 30 November 2010.

## InfoBox

| Princes et Princesses | |
| --- | --- |
| French film poster. | |
| Directed by | Michel Ocelot |
| Written by | Michel Ocelot |
| Produced by | Didier Brunner
Jean-François Laguionie |
| Starring | Arlette Mirapeu
Philippe Cheytion
Yves Barsacq |
| Edited by | Anita Vilfrid
Michèle Péju
Dominique Lefever |
| Music by | Christian Maire |
| Production
companies | La Fabrique
Les Armateurs
Salud Productions
Studio O |
| Distributed by | Gébéka films (France) |
| Release dates | * 26 January 2000 (2000-01-26) (France) * 16 March 2001 (2001-03-16) (United States) |
| Running time | 70 minutes |
| Country | France |
| Language | French |
| Box office | $43,379 (United States) |


title: Des Teufels General (play)

abstract: Des Teufels General is a 1946 play written by German author and playwright Carl Zuckmayer, translated as The Devil's General. The title character of the play, General Harras, is based on the ace Ernst Udet. The play is based upon his struggles during the war, simultaneously working under and openly being against the Nazi Party. Despite the serious scenario of it, a comical and satirical tone is often used throughout the play.

text:
# Des Teufels General (play)

***Des Teufels General*** is a 1946 play written by German author and playwright Carl Zuckmayer, translated as ***The Devil's General***. The title character of the play, General Harras, is based on the ace Ernst Udet. The play is based upon his struggles during the war, simultaneously working under and openly being against the Nazi Party. Despite the serious scenario of it, a comical and satirical tone is often used throughout the play.

## Characters

* *Harras*, aviation general.
* *Lüttjohann*, Harras' adjutant.
* *Korrianke*, Harras' chauffeur.
* *Friedrich Eilers*, colonel & leader of the war front and military.
* *Hartmann*, aviation officer.
* *Writzky*, aviation officer.
* *Hastenteuffel*, aviation officer.
* *Pfundtmayer*, aviation officer.
* *Sigbert von Mohrungen*, president of the Office for Procuring Crude Metal.
* *Baron Pflungk*, Attaché for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
* *Dr. Schmidt-Lausitz*, cultural leader.
* *Der Maler Schlick*, the painter Schlick.
* *Oderbruch*, engineer in the Ministry of Aviation.
* *Anne Eilers*, wife of Friedrich Eilers.
* *Waltraut von Mohrungen*, who goes by the alias *Pützchen*. Anne's sister.
* *Olivia Geiss*, diva.
* *Diddo Geiss*, Olivia's niece; love interest of General Harras, despite being much younger than he.
* *Lyra Schoeppke*, named *die Tankstelle*, which means "The Gas Station."
* *Otto*, restaurant manager.
* *Francois*, French speaking restaurant waiter.
* *Herr Detlev*, restaurant waiter.
* *Buddy Lawrence*, an American journalist.
* *Zwei Arbeiter*, two workers.
* *Ein Polizeikommissar*, a police commissioner.

## Screen adaptations

In 1955, *Des Teufels General* was adapted into a black and white film of the same title. The film features Curd Jürgens as Harras, Marianne Koch as Dorothea 'Diddo' Geiss, Viktor de Kowa as SS-Gruppenführer Schmidt-Lausitz, Eva Ingeborg Scholz as Waltraut 'Pützchen' Mohrungen, and Harry Meyen as Leutnant Hartmann. At the German Film Awards of 1955 Marianne Koch won the Film Award in Silver for Outstanding Individual Achievement: Supporting Actress for her performance in the film.

A BBC TV adaptation of the play in the *Sunday Night Theatre* strand was broadcast on 18 December 1955. Translated by Robert Gore Brown, and directed by Rudolph Cartier, it starred Marius Goring as Harras, Margaretta Scott as Olivia Geiss, Helena Hughes as Diddo Geiss, and Cyril Shaps as Doctor Schmidt-Lausitz. The play was remounted as part of the *Summer Theatre* strand, broadcast on 14 August 1960, again with Cartier directing. Goring, Scott, and Shaps reprised their roles, with Jill Dixon replacing Hughes as Diddo Geiss. Both versions no longer exist.


title: Princess Changning

abstract: Princess Changning was a Chinese princess, the daughter of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang and Empress Wei. She was known as her father's favourite daughter. She held significant influence within the court. She married Yang Shenjiao of Hongnong, Duke Guan, and had issue; she then married Su Yanbo in 728.

text:
# Princess Changning

**Princess Changning** (Chinese: 長寧公主; pinyin: *Chángníng gōngzhǔ*; 680 – after 728) was a Chinese princess, the daughter of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang and Empress Wei. She was known as her father's favourite daughter. She held significant influence within the court.

She married Yang Shenjiao of Hongnong, Duke Guan (弘農 楊慎交; 675–724), and had issue (two sons and one daughter); she then married Su Yanbo (蘇彥伯; 687–745) in 728.

## InfoBox

| Princess Changning<br>长宁公主 | |
| --- | --- |
| *Tang Princess* | |
| Born | 680s |
| Father | Emperor Zhongzong |
| Mother | Empress Wei |


title: Dresden Panometer

abstract: The Dresden Panometer is an attraction in Dresden, Germany. It is a venue displaying one of two panoramic paintings of Austrian-born artist Yadegar Asisi inside a former gasometer, accompanied by an exhibition. One of the two panoramas, Baroque Dresden depicts Dresden as it might have appeared in 1756, the other, Dresden 1945 shows the city after it was destroyed during World War II. The Panometer was created in 2006 by Asisi, who coined the name as a portmanteau of "panorama" and "gasometer". In 2003 he had opened a Panometer in Leipzig. Since mid-2015, the panoramas Baroque Dresden and Dresden 1945 have been shown alternately.

text:
# Dresden Panometer

Dresden Panometerclass=notpageimage|Dresden Panometer, Saxony

The **Dresden Panometer** is an attraction in Dresden, Germany. It is a venue displaying one of two panoramic paintings of Austrian-born artist Yadegar Asisi inside a former gasometer, accompanied by an exhibition. One of the two panoramas, *Baroque Dresden* depicts Dresden as it might have appeared in 1756, the other, *Dresden 1945* shows the city after it was destroyed during World War II. The Panometer was created in 2006 by Asisi, who coined the name as a portmanteau of "panorama" and "gasometer". In 2003 he had opened a Panometer in Leipzig.

Since mid-2015, the panoramas *Baroque Dresden* and *Dresden 1945* have been shown alternately.

## Building

The Dresden Panometer occupies a disused telescopic gas holder in Reick, built in 1879–80. The gasometer is 39 metres (128 ft) in height and 54 metres (177 ft) in diameter. Buildings of this type are particularly suitable for panoramic pictures due to their circular shape and ample interior space.

## Panoramas and exhibition

### Dresden 1756

The panorama hangs on the inner wall and is 27 metres (89 ft) in height and 105 metres (344 ft) in circumference. It is viewed from a raised platform in the centre, and uses perspective to create a realistic sense of distance. It portrays the baroque Dresden skyline of 1756 – for the most part historically accurate, but with some artistic modifications – as seen from the Katholische Hofkirche. There is a musical soundtrack by the Belgian composer Eric Babak.

The circular walkway between the panorama and the outer wall contains an exhibition on the creation of the painting and the old Dresden skyline. It features historic city maps and original drawings from the 18th and 19th centuries, as well as paintings of the skyline by Asisi himself. There is also a large bell from the Neustädter Rathaus and exterior decorations from now-demolished buildings.

Asisi's research in creating the panorama was based on several *vedute*: precise, historic drawings of the city skyline. The most important *veduta* painter in mid-18th century Dresden was Bernardo Bellotto (nephew of Canaletto, and sometimes actually known by that name), whose pictures can be precisely dated.

The Dresden Panometer received over 500,000 visitors in its first two years from December 2006. Asisi planned to display the panorama until 2016 which is prolonged until today.

### Dresden 1945

Tragedy and hope of a European city. Using a 1:1 scale, the DRESDEN 1945 panorama takes you on a journey back in time to the immediate aftermath of the Allied bombing raids in 1945. The 15 m high visitor’s tower provides you with a 360-degree view from the tower of Dresden’s Town Hall and reveals the extent of the destruction in the panorama by Yadegar Asisi, almost 3,000 m² in size. The project does not merely show the tragedy of Dresden, but uses several pillars to draw attention to the interactions of Europe’s war-torn history. By 1945, many German cities were destroyed, but so was a large number of other European, such as Rotterdam, Coventry, Stalingrad and Warsaw.

51°1′32″N 13°47′18″E / 51.02556°N 13.78833°E / 51.02556; 13.78833


title: The Strand Magazine

abstract:
The Strand Magazine was a monthly British magazine founded by George Newnes, composed of short fiction and general interest articles. It was published in the United Kingdom from January 1891 to March 1950, running to 711 issues, though the first issue was on sale well before Christmas 1890.
Its immediate popularity is evidenced by an initial sale of nearly 300,000. Sales increased in the early months, before settling down to a circulation of almost 500,000 copies a month, which lasted well into the 1930s. It was edited by Herbert Greenhough Smith from 1891 to 1930. The popularity of Sherlock Holmes became widespread after first appearing in the magazine in 1891. The magazine's original offices were on Burleigh Street off The Strand, London. It was revived in 1998 as a quarterly magazine.

text:
# The Strand Magazine

***The Strand Magazine*** was a monthly British magazine founded by George Newnes, composed of short fiction and general interest articles. It was published in the United Kingdom from January 1891 to March 1950, running to 711 issues, though the first issue was on sale well before Christmas 1890. Its immediate popularity is evidenced by an initial sale of nearly 300,000. Sales increased in the early months, before settling down to a circulation of almost 500,000 copies a month, which lasted well into the 1930s.

It was edited by Herbert Greenhough Smith from 1891 to 1930. The popularity of Sherlock Holmes became widespread after first appearing in the magazine in 1891. The magazine's original offices were on Burleigh Street off The Strand, London. It was revived in 1998 as a quarterly magazine.

## Publication history

*The Strand Magazine* was founded by George Newnes in 1890, and its first edition was dated January 1891. The magazine's original offices were located on Burleigh Street, off the Strand, London. The first editor was Herbert Greenhough Smith, who remained the editor until 1930. The magazine published factual articles in addition to fictional short stories and series. It was targeted at a mass market readership. The initial price of an issue was sixpence, about half the typical rate for comparable titles at the time. Initial sales were around 300,000, and circulation soon rose to half a million.

The magazine also published a United States edition from February 1891 through February 1916. In its early years, the contents of the US edition were identical with those of the UK edition, though usually with a one-month time lag. As the years went on there were some differences in the contents of the two editions, reflecting fiction for which *The Strand* did not hold the US rights (such as *The Return of Sherlock Holmes*, which was commissioned by *Collier's* magazine) and non-fiction that would not interest most US readers (such as articles about personalities in the House of Commons). The circulation of the US edition was minimal in the early 1890s but was reported at 150,000 by 1898. The US edition was discontinued in 1916 due to logistical difficulties arising from World War I. The American edition was edited by J. Walter Smith.

The magazine format changed to the smaller digest size in October 1941. *The Strand Magazine* ceased publication in March 1950, forced out of the market by declining circulation and rising costs. Its last editor was Macdonald Hastings, distinguished war correspondent and later TV reporter and contributor to the *Eagle* boys' comic. In 1961, the magazine was briefly revived as *The New Strand* under the editorship of Noni Jabavu.

It was normally bound as six-monthly volumes, from January to June and July to December, but from the mid-1930s this varied, and the final volumes in the late 1940s ran from October to March and April to September, the final volume CXVIII (118) running from October 1949 to March 1950.

The magazine was revived in 1998 in the US (see below).

## Fiction

The Sherlock Holmes short stories by Arthur Conan Doyle were first published in *The Strand* in the UK. Some of the stories were previously or simultaneously published in US magazines, while several were first published in the United States in the US edition of *The Strand Magazine* a month after being published in the UK edition. 38 of the Sherlock Holmes stories, including *The Hound of the Baskervilles*, were illustrated by Sidney Paget in *The Strand*. Paget's illustrations helped form the popular image of Holmes. With the serialisation of Doyle's *The Hound of the Baskervilles*, sales reached their peak. Readers lined up outside the magazine's offices, waiting to get the next installment. Doyle also wrote other stories that were published in *The Strand Magazine*.

A number of short stories by Agatha Christie were first published in *The Strand* in the UK, such as the Hercule Poirot stories collected in *The Labours of Hercules*. Many short stories by P. G. Wodehouse, including most of Wodehouse's Jeeves short stories, were first published in *The Strand* in the UK (some were published earlier or in the same month in US magazines).

Other contributors included E. W. Hornung, Graham Greene, Rudyard Kipling, W. Somerset Maugham, E. Nesbit, Dorothy L. Sayers, Georges Simenon, Leo Tolstoy, and H. G. Wells, as well as Grant Allen, Margery Allingham, H. C. McNeile (aka Sapper), J. E. Preston Muddock, E. C. Bentley, Mary Angela Dickens, C. B. Fry, Walter Goodman, W. W. Jacobs, Arthur Morrison, Edgar Wallace, Max Beerbohm and Dornford Yates.

## Puzzles and non-fiction

In addition to the many fiction pieces and illustrations, *The Strand* has been also known for some time as the source of ground-breaking brain teasers, under a column called "Perplexities", first written by Henry Dudeney. Dudeney introduced many new concepts to the puzzle world, including the first known crossnumber puzzle, in 1926. In that same year, Dudeney produced an article, "The Psychology of Puzzle Crazes", reflecting and analysing the demand for such works. He edited Perplexities from 1910 until he died in 1930. G. H. Savage became the column's editor, soon to be joined by William Thomas Williams (as W. T. Williams), who in 1935 authored the best-known cross-figure puzzle of today. The puzzle goes by many names, the original being "The Little Pigley Farm". It has also been known as "Dog's Mead", "Little Pigley", "Little Piggly Farm", "Little Pigsby", "Pilgrims' Plot", and "Dog Days".

Some articles by Winston Churchill were published in the magazine. Once a sketch drawn by Queen Victoria of one of her children appeared with her permission.

## Cover

The magazine's iconic cover, an illustration looking eastwards down London's Strand towards St Mary-le-Strand, with the title suspended on telegraph wires, was the work of Victorian artist and designer George Charles Haité. The initial cover featured a corner plaque showing the name of Burleigh Street, home to the magazine's original offices. The lettering on the plaque in Haité's design was later changed when Newnes moved to the adjacent address of Southampton Street. A variation of the same design was featured on the cover of a sister title, *The Strand Musical Magazine*.

## 1998 revival

*The Strand* was brought back into publication in 1998 as a quarterly magazine, now based in Birmingham, Michigan, US. It has published fiction by many well-known writers including John Mortimer, Ray Bradbury, Alexander McCall Smith, Ruth Rendell, Colin Dexter, Edward Hoch, James Grippando, and Tennessee Williams. The magazine features stories from emerging crime and mystery writers in addition to stories by established writers.

Notes Sources * Smith, Daniel (2014) \[2009\]. *The Sherlock Holmes Companion: An Elementary Guide* (Updated ed.). Aurum Press. ISBN 978-1-78131-404-3.

## Further reading

* Pound, Reginald, *A Maypole in the Strand* (Ernest Benn, 1948).
* Pound, Reginald, *The Strand Magazine: 1891–1950* (Heinemann 1966).
* Beare, Geraldine, *Index to The Strand Magazine, 1891–1950* (Greenwood Press, 1982).
* Ashley, Mike, *The Age of the Storytellers* (British Library, 2006).
* Pittard, Christopher, "Cheap, Healthful Literature": The Strand Magazine, Fictions of Crime, and Purified Reading Communities, *Victorian Periodicals Review* 40:1 (Spring 2007), pp. 1–23.
* The Strand Magazine/Volume 4/Issue 24/A Description of the Offices of the Strand Magazine

## InfoBox

*The Strand Magazine*
| Bound volume of *The Strand Magazine* for January–June 1894, featuring George Charles Haité's cover design | |
| --- | --- |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| First issue | January 1891 |
| Final issue
Number | March 1950
711 |
| Company | George Newnes Ltd |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |


title: The Strand, Auckland

abstract: The Strand is a street in Auckland, New Zealand's most populous city. It connects the Ports of Auckland to the Auckland motorway network, and is the eastern end of State Highway 16.

text:
# The Strand, Auckland

**The Strand** is a street in Auckland, New Zealand's most populous city. It connects the Ports of Auckland to the Auckland motorway network, and is the eastern end of State Highway 16.

## Demographics

The Strand statistical area, which covers the area between The Strand and the railway line to the north, and extends west to Alten Street, covers 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 1,410 as of June 2023, with a population density of 8,294 people per km2.

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | 1,188 |  |
| 2013 | 1,482 | +3.21% |
| 2018 | 1,353 | −1.80% |
| Source: | | |

The Strand had a population of 1,353 at the 2018 New Zealand census, a decrease of 129 people (−8.7%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 165 people (13.9%) since the 2006 census. There were 450 households, comprising 705 males and 648 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.09 males per female. The median age was 28.0 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 63 people (4.7%) aged under 15 years, 741 (54.8%) aged 15 to 29, 501 (37.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 48 (3.5%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 45.7% European/Pākehā, 3.3% Māori, 2.7% Pacific peoples, 40.1% Asian, and 14.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 68.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 52.1% had no religion, 26.6% were Christian, 5.8% were Hindu, 4.2% were Muslim, 2.2% were Buddhist and 4.4% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 561 (43.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 33 (2.6%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $28,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 201 people (15.6%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 663 (51.4%) people were employed full-time, 258 (20.0%) were part-time, and 90 (7.0%) were unemployed.

## History

The Strand was one of Auckland's earliest streets, existing by 1843. It was formed to provide road access between the city and Parnell, New Zealand. It formed part of the eastern boundary of the Town of Auckland in 1848 but received poor funding for its formation: £1,200 per mile compared to £2,000 per mile for Queen Street.

Motorway access began with the Auckland Southern Motorway gaining on and offramps to Grafton Road between 1975 and 1978.

The Strand originally met Parnell Rise at what is now Shipwright Lane, but was realigned to provide a direct junction with Stanley Street with a new bridge taking the railway over it as part of the Grafton Gully motorway project in 2001–2004.

## Notable locations

* Railway bridge and viaduct, Parnell Rise, 1866, one of the oldest remaining railway bridges in the North Island.
* Swan Hotel, 31-35 Parnell Rise, before 1856, one of the earliest timber hotels in Auckland.
* The Strand Station, Beach Road, 1930, formerly the main Auckland Railway station, now a terminus for long-distance trains.

36°51′00″S 174°46′55″E / 36.850°S 174.782°E / -36.850; 174.782

## InfoBox

The Strand
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Length | 1.0 km (0.62 mi) |
| Location | Auckland CBD, New Zealand |
| Postal code | 1010 |
| North end | Quay Street, Tamaki Drive |
| South end | Parnell Rise |


title: Dreamland Bar-B-Que

abstract: Dreamland Bar-B-Que is a barbecue restaurant chain based in Alabama. It was founded by "Big Daddy" John Bishop in the Jerusalem Heights neighborhood of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, in 1958, but has since franchised, opening Alabama restaurants in Birmingham, Montgomery, Huntsville, Mobile, and Northport. It has also opened two restaurants in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area, in Roswell and Duluth. In May 2016, Dreamland Bar-B-Que opened up its first Florida location at the Centre of Tallahassee in Tallahassee, Florida. The company is known for its ribs and barbecue sauce.

text:
# Dreamland Bar-B-Que

**Dreamland Bar-B-Que** is a barbecue restaurant chain based in Alabama. It was founded by "Big Daddy" John Bishop in the Jerusalem Heights neighborhood of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, in 1958, but has since franchised, opening Alabama restaurants in Birmingham, Montgomery, Huntsville, Mobile, and Northport. It has also opened two restaurants in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area, in Roswell and Duluth. In May 2016, Dreamland Bar-B-Que opened up its first Florida location at the Centre of Tallahassee in Tallahassee, Florida. The company is known for its ribs and barbecue sauce.

## Accolades

"The legendary" original Dreamland in Tuscaloosa has been quoted to be "the most famous rib joint in the east" by *USA Today* in 2014 and "arguably the best college football joint in the land" and just recently the newspaper called them "a true legend in the field". The *Business Insider* rated the one in Tuscaloosa, number 13 out of 365 contestants in 48 different states on its "America's 25 best barbecue restaurants" The University of Georgia's athletic department tweeted "a tasty Crimson Tide tradition". The restaurants have received much attention from other local and national media outlets as well, *Southern Living* listed Dreamland as number 4, in their slide show of "The South's Best BBQ Joints 2019". Wendell Brock, a writer from *AJC* in his tour of food quotes "“Ain’t nothing like ‘em nowhere.”" *The Atlanta Journal-Constitution*, in 2006, listed Dreamland at #3 of "the best eateries around the SEC." In May 2008, *Details Magazine* listed Dreamland as the best barbecue by mail order and when Dreamland opened up their first Florida location, the *Tallahassee Democrat* spoke fame of their "hickory-grilled ribs, tender pork, chicken and sides" not forgetting to remind their readers to bring a lot of napkins in the beginning of the Democrats' article. Dreamland BBQ is also mentioned in Mojo Nixon's song *UFO's, Big Rigs, and BBQ*.

In 2019, Dreamland Bar-B-Que founder "Big Daddy" John Bishop was posthumously inducted into the Barbecue Hall of Fame.

## InfoBox

Dreamland Bar-B-Que
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Genre | Restaurants |
| Founded | 1958 (1958) |
| Founder | "Big Daddy" John Bishop |
| Headquarters | Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States |
| Number of locations | 11 |
| Area served | Alabama, Georgia and Florida |
| Website | dreamlandbbq.com |


title: Drew Kunz

abstract: Drew Kunz is an American poet, artist, yoga teacher, and photographer. Kunz was born in Waukesha, Wisconsin. After a year at the Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design, Kunz transferred to the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee to pursue both Comparative Study of Religion and Comparative Literature degrees. While in Milwaukee, Kunz and the poet Stacy Szymaszek edited the literary journal Traverse from 1999 to 2004. Since 2005, he has been involved with various projects, including the chapbook imprints g o n g press and tir aux pigeons as well as a bimonthly mail-out called SERIES. Kunz also had been a member of the Subtext Collective, a Seattle based literary group no longer active. Since his sons birth, Kunz has taught yoga and has had work in multiple showings, oftentimes alongside his friend and fellow artist Patrick Gulke.

text:
# Drew Kunz

**Drew Kunz** (born December 9, 1969) is an American poet, artist, yoga teacher, and photographer.

Kunz was born in Waukesha, Wisconsin. After a year at the Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design, Kunz transferred to the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee to pursue both Comparative Study of Religion and Comparative Literature degrees. While in Milwaukee, Kunz and the poet Stacy Szymaszek edited the literary journal *Traverse* from 1999 to 2004. Since 2005, he has been involved with various projects, including the chapbook imprints g o n g press and tir aux pigeons as well as a bimonthly mail-out called *SERIES*. Kunz also had been a member of the Subtext Collective, a Seattle based literary group no longer active. Since his sons birth, Kunz has taught yoga and has had work in multiple showings, oftentimes alongside his friend and fellow artist Patrick Gulke.

## Personal life

Drew Kunz currently lives with his family in Suquamish (dkʼʷsuqʼʷabš) located within the Port Madison Indian Reservation in Washington State.

## Bibliography

* *Tether* (Dusie Kollektiv, 2007)
* *Tether* (GAMMM, 2008, bilingual edition)
* *Terminals* (tir aux pigeons, 2008)

* Video of author (Subtext Collective)
* List of books and publications by Drew Kunz
* Webpage


title: The Three Musketeers (1921 film)

abstract: The Three Musketeers is a 1921 American silent film based on the 1844 novel The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas, père. It was directed by Fred Niblo and stars Douglas Fairbanks as d'Artagnan. The film originally had scenes filmed in the Handschiegl Color Process. The film had a sequel, The Iron Mask (1929), also starring Fairbanks as d'Artagnan and DeBrulier as Cardinal Richelieu.

text:
# The Three Musketeers (1921 film)

***The Three Musketeers*** is a 1921 American silent film based on the 1844 novel *The Three Musketeers* by Alexandre Dumas, père. It was directed by Fred Niblo and stars Douglas Fairbanks as d'Artagnan. The film originally had scenes filmed in the Handschiegl Color Process (billed as the "Wyckoff-DeMille Process"). The film had a sequel, *The Iron Mask* (1929), also starring Fairbanks as d'Artagnan and DeBrulier as Cardinal Richelieu.

## Plot summary

In the royal court of France, Cardinal Richelieu vies for influence over King Louis XIII. The greatest obstacle to his dominance is Anne of Austria, the Queen of France. Anne is loved by the Duke of Buckingham, an Englishman, although she remains faithful to Louis. Louis gives her a diamond encrusted brooch.

In Gascony, d'Artagnan leaves his home to seek his fortune. He travels to Paris, where he meets the Three Musketeers. The Three Musketeers and d'Artagnan cause trouble around Paris and frequently fight with Cardinal Richelieu's guardsmen. d'Artagnan falls in love with Constance, the Queen's seamstress.

Cardinal Richelieu forges a letter from Anne to the Duke of Buckingham inviting him to Paris. The Duke arrives, but Anne gently rebuffs him. He requests something to remember her by. Anne gives the Duke her diamond brooch and he returns to England. Richelieu manipulates the King into asking Anne to wear the brooch at an upcoming ball.

Knowing the Queen will be dishonored if the brooch is discovered missing, Constance asks d'Artagnan to retrieve the brooch from England. d'Artagnan and the Three Musketeers depart for England. Richelieu discovers d'Artagnan's mission and sends his agents to stop him. One by one the Three Musketeers stay behind to prevent d'Artagnan from falling into the Cardinal's traps. d'Artagnan sails to England and retrieves the brooch. He arrives back in Paris to deliver the brooch to Queen Anne. d'Artagnan, Constance, and the Three Musketeers are reunited. d'Artagnan is made a member of the King's Musketeers.

## Cast

*In opening credits order:*

## Production

The athletic Douglas Fairbanks's one-handed handspring to grab a sword during a fight scene in this film is considered one of the great stunts of the early cinema period. Fairbanks biographer Jeffrey Vance enthuses, "*The Three Musketeers* was the first of the grand Fairbanks costume films, filled with exemplary production values and ornamentation. Indeed, one ornament extended beyond the film: Fairbanks wore d'Artagnan's moustache—cultivated for *The Three Musketeers*—to the end of his life. With *The Three Musketeers*, he at last found his metier and crystallized his celebrity and his cinema."

## Preservation status

In April 1939, Fairbanks donated his entire film collection to the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), including both a 35mm nitrate negative and a tinted positive print. The negative was duplicated in 1963, and this print was used for the restoration completed in May 2017 by MoMA, the San Francisco Silent Film Festival, and Film Preservation Society. MoMA and Image Protection Services also finished a color restoration in February 2021.

## InfoBox

| The Three Musketeers | |
| --- | --- |
| Léon Bary, Eugene Pallette,
Douglas Fairbanks and George Siegmann | |
| Directed by | Fred Niblo |
| Written by | Edward Knoblock *(adaptation)*
Douglas Fairbanks
Lotta Woods *(screenplay)* |
| Based on | *The Three Musketeers*
1844 novel
by Alexandre Dumas |
| Produced by | Douglas Fairbanks |
| Starring | Douglas Fairbanks
Leon Bary
George Siegmann
Eugene Pallette
Boyd Irwin
Marguerite De La Motte |
| Cinematography | Arthur Edeson |
| Edited by | Nellie Mason |
| Music by | Louis F. Gottschalk |
| Distributed by | United Artists |
| Release date | * August 28, 1921 (1921-08-28) |
| Running time | 120 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Languages | Silent film
English intertitles |
| Box office | $1.5 million |


title: The Troubles in Ardoyne

abstract: The Troubles in Ardoyne lists incidents during the Troubles in the Ardoyne district of Belfast, Northern Ireland.

text:
# The Troubles in Ardoyne

**The Troubles in Ardoyne** lists incidents during the Troubles in the Ardoyne district of Belfast, Northern Ireland.

## 1971

* 15 February: A British soldier was shot in the head and killed by an IRA sniper while taking part in a mobile-patrol in Ardoyne. Two British Army scout cars came under sniper fire and had a bomb thrown at them.
* 23 August: A British soldier was shot dead by an IRA sniper on Flax Street in the Ardoyne area. The soldier was shot in the head as he exited a British armoured vehicle.
* 17 September: A British soldier was shot dead by an IRA sniper while on foot-patrol in Ardoyne.
* 1 October: A British soldier was shot dead in an IRA gun-attack on a British Army foot-patrol in the Ardoyne area.
* 21 December 1971: An unarmed IRA volunteer was shot after being captured by the British Army in Ardoyne.

## 1972

## 1973

* 28 February: A British soldier was killed in an IRA gun attack on a patrol in the Ardoyne area.
* 17 April 1973: An IRA volunteer was shot dead by a British Army sniper while standing talking with a number of men in Ardoyne.
* 10 June: The Ulster Defence Association (UDA) shot dead a Catholic civilian in the Deerpark Road area adjacent to Ardoyne.

## 1974

* 25 November: The UDA shot dead a Protestant civilian outside Ewart's Mill. They had assumed he was a Catholic.

## 1975

* 5 April: The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) shot dead a Catholic civilian as he walked home at Etna Drive.
* 2 May: The IRA shot dead a UDA member at his workplace, Ardoyne Bus Depot, on Ardoyne Road.

## 1976

* 10 March: The IRA shot dead Sammy Smyth (former UDA spokesman) on Alliance Avenue.
* 13 March: An ex-British soldier was shot dead on Alliance Avenue.
* 5 June: The UDA carried out a drive-by shooting at the Crumlin Star Bar in Brompton Park. A Catholic civilian died of his wounds two days later. An RUC detective said it was a random sectarian attack.
* 24 October: Two British soldiers were killed when an IRA sniper team ambushed a British patrol in Ardoyne.

## 1977

* 20 April: Two Catholic civilians were killed when the UVF exploded a bomb at the funeral of a Provisional IRA volunteer on Etna Drive.
* 27 February: An ex-British soldier was shot dead by the IRA in the Ardoyne area.
* 17 April: An IRA volunteer was shot dead by a British Army sniper on Flax Street.
* 28 August: A British soldier was shot dead by an IRA sniper while on foot patrol in the Ardoyne area.

## 1979

* 5 January – Two members of the IRA, Francis Donnelly (24) and Lawrence Montgomery (24), were killed in Northwick Drive, Ardoyne, when the car bomb they were transporting exploded prematurely.

## 1980

* 16 August: A civilian was accidentally shot dead by the IRA during a gun attack on an RUC patrol in Ardoyne.

## 1981

* 27 March: The UDA shot dead a Catholic civilian on Berwick Road.

## 1987

* 10 March: An RUC officer was killed when the IRA detonated a remote controlled bomb at the Ardoyne Shops on Crumlin Road. The RUC had been lured to the area by a hoax phone call claiming an armed robbery was in progress. The IRA had correctly anticipated which doorway the RUC would take cover in and detonated a small booby-trap bomb when they arrived. The IRA claimed his death was retaliation for *"RUC brutality at republican funerals".*
* 2 April: The UVF shot dead an IRA volunteer at his home in Ardoyne.
* 12 July: A former member of the Royal Air Force was shot dead by the IRA on Alliance Avenue. The IRA said it had intervened *"to end an hour-long attack by loyalists on the area".* Locals claimed the man had been attempting to stop youths from throwing stones and bottles into the nearby Catholic area. A 16-year-old was also wounded in the shooting.

## 1989

* 19 March: The UVF shot dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Alliance Avenue.

## 1992

* 21 February: The Ulster Freedom Fighters (UFF) claimed responsibility for a gun and grenade attack on the home of a Sinn Féin councillor in Ardoyne.
* 12 March: The UFF claimed responsibility for shooting dead a Catholic civilian at his home on Alliance Avenue.

## 1993

* 31 August: In an attack in Ardoyne, two British soldiers were wounded when the IRA detonated a car-bomb near their patrol.
* 21 September 1993: A British soldier was wounded when an IRA unit threw a blast-bomb at his patrol in the Ardoyne area.

## 1997

* 13 March: A British soldier was injured by an IRA grenade in Ardoyne. Several people were arrested in the aftermath.
* 8 July: There was a gun battle between loyalist and IRA volunteers in Ardoyne. The IRA state that two loyalists were wounded.


title: The Ten Dollar Raise

abstract: The Ten Dollar Raise is a 1921 American silent comedy film directed by Edward Sloman and starring William V. Mong, Marguerite De La Motte, and Pat O'Malley.

text:
# The Ten Dollar Raise

***The Ten Dollar Raise*** is a 1921 American silent comedy film directed by Edward Sloman and starring William V. Mong, Marguerite De La Motte, and Pat O'Malley.

## Plot

## Cast

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| The Ten Dollar Raise | |
| --- | --- |
| Advertisement | |
| Directed by | Edward Sloman |
| Written by | Peter B. Kyne
Albert S. Le Vino |
| Produced by | J. L. Frothingham |
| Starring | William V. Mong
Marguerite De La Motte
Pat O'Malley |
| Cinematography | Tony Gaudio |
| Production
company | J. L. Frothingham Productions |
| Distributed by | Associated Producers |
| Release date | * June 26, 1921 (1921-06-26) |
| Running time | 60 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: Dropkovec

abstract: Dropkovec is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D22 highway.

text:
# Dropkovec

**Dropkovec**  is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D22 highway.

46°06′10″N 16°24′45″E / 46.10278°N 16.41250°E / 46.10278; 16.41250

## InfoBox

| Dropkovec | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Country | Croatia |
| County | Koprivnica-Križevci County |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.1 km2 (0.8 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 150 |
| Density | 71/km2 (180/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Drive Alive

abstract: "Drive Alive" is the twelfth domestic single by Japanese hip-hop group Lead. It peaked at #14 on the Oricon weekly charts, remaining on the charts for three weeks. The single was released as both a standard CD and a limited edition CD+DVD combo.

text:
# Drive Alive

"**Drive Alive**" is the twelfth domestic single by Japanese hip-hop group Lead. It peaked at #14 on the Oricon weekly charts, remaining on the charts for three weeks.

The single was released as both a standard CD and a limited edition CD+DVD combo.

## Information

"Drive Alive" charted well on the Oricon Singles Chart at #14, and remained on the charts for three consecutive weeks. Limited editions of the single included a chance to meet the members of Lead during a participation event at Zepp Tokyo on March 18, 2007, and one of five possible photographs.

"Drive Alive" was released as both a standard CD and a limited edition CD+DVD combination. While both editions contained the title track, the b-sides "Get Dizzy!" and "Love & Everything", along with the instrumental to the title track, the DVD harbored the music video of "Drive Alive" and the behind-the-scenes making video of the single.

"Drive Alive" was written by Kenji Ijima and Daisuke Kahara, while the music was performed by Y.T.H. "Get Dizzy!" was written and composed by Seiji Motoyama. The final coupling track, "Love & Everything", was written and composed by the duo Flying Grind, which is made up of Kengo Otani and Naoki Utsugi.

"Drive Alive" was used as the theme song for the television show *Uta Sutaa!!* (歌スタ!! / *Star Singer!!*) during the month of March.

## Background and composition

"Drive Alive" was written by Kenji Ijima and Daisuke Kahara, while the music was performed by Y.T.H. Daisuke is known for his work with singer Kokia, whereas he wrote much of the music for her *Uta ga Chikara* album.

"Get Dizzy!" was written and composed by Seiji Motoyama, who has worked with the likes of South Korean singer Juno and group CNBLUE. The final coupling track, "Love & Everything", was written and composed by the duo Flying Grind, which is made up of Kengo Otani and Naoki Utsugi.

## Packaging

"Drive Alive" was released as both a standard CD and a CD+DVD combo. The CD+DVD was of limited edition, while the CD is still available. Both editions held the same material on the CD: the title track, the b-sides "Get Dizzy!" and "Love & Everything", and the corresponding instrumental to "Drive Alive".

The limited edition DVD housed the music video to the title track, along with the making video.

## Track listing

CD
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arranger(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Drive Alive" | Lisa | Y.T.H | Kenji Ijima • Daisuke Kahara | 3:31 |
| 2. | "Get Dizzy!" | Kikko | Seiji Motoyama | Seiji Motoyama | 3:26 |
| 3. | "Love & Everything" | H.U.B | Flying Grind | Flying Grind | 4:43 |
| 4. | "Drive Alive" (instrumental) |  | Y.T.H | Kenji Ijima • Daisuke Kahara | 3:31 |
| Total length: | | | | | 15:11 |

DVD
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Drive Alive" (music video) |  |
| 2. | "Drive Alive" (Off-Shot video) |  |

## Charts

| Release | Chart | Peak position |
| --- | --- | --- |
| March 26, 2007 | Oricon Weekly Singles Chart | 14 |

## InfoBox

| "Drive Alive" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Lead | |
| from the album  *Feel the Vibes* | |
| B-side | * "Get Dizzy!" * "Love & Everything" |
| Released | March 14, 2007 |
| Recorded | 2007 |
| Genre | J-pop, hip hop |
| Label | Flight Master |
| Songwriter(s) | * Lisa * Kenji Ijima * Y.T.H * Daisuke Kahara * Kikko * Seiji Motoyama * H.U.B * Flying Grind |
| Producer(s) | Shiraishi Satori |
| Lead singles chronology | |
| "Summer Madness"
(2006) "**Drive Alive**"
(2007) "Umi"
(2007) | |


title: Drew Parsons (musician)

abstract: Drew "Mongo" Parsons is the bassist for the band American Hi-Fi.

text:
# Drew Parsons (musician)

**Drew** "**Mongo**" **Parsons** (born October 12, 1974, in West Chester, Pennsylvania) is the bassist for the band American Hi-Fi.

## Early life

Drew Parsons moved to the Boston area in 1993 to attend Boston College. In 1994, he began a professional music career playing with local Boston artist, Tracy Bonham. He toured the world with Tracy Bonham, and made a Gold selling record, “The Burdens of Being Upright”, which received a Grammy nomination. In 1997, Drew started his own band, American Hi-Fi, with 3 other local Boston musicians. They have made 4 records, and toured the United States, Europe, and Japan for over 9 years. They have appeared on MTV, the Late Show with David Letterman, The Tonight Show, and several other International programs, including Top of the Pops in England. Their music has appeared in many films and TV shows, and they continue to make music today.

## Personal life

Drew is married to Esti Parsons. Along with Christopher Myers and Michael Scholow, they opened Radius, a top restaurant in Boston. The couple later opened other Boston restaurants with business partner Jon Parsons (Drew's brother), including Sam's and The Maiden.


title: Drift Off to Dream

abstract: "Drift Off to Dream" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Travis Tritt. It was released in January 1991 as the fifth and final single from his debut album Country Club. It peaked at number 3 in the United States, while it became his third number-one hit in Canada. The song was written by Tritt and Stewart Harris.

text:
# Drift Off to Dream

"**Drift Off to Dream**" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Travis Tritt. It was released in January 1991 as the fifth and final single from his debut album *Country Club*. It peaked at number 3 in the United States, while it became his third number-one hit in Canada. The song was written by Tritt and Stewart Harris.

## Content

"Drift Off to Dream" is a mid-tempo waltz. It begins with the male narrator, alone in a bar, thinking about a lover whom he would like to meet. He imagines holding hands with her on a blanket in the yard and kissing until she "drift\[s\] off to dream" in his arms.

## Music video

The music video was directed by Sherman Halsey.

## Personnel

The following musicians perform on this track:

## Chart positions

| Chart (1991) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 1 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 3 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1991) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 21 |
| US Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 33 |

## InfoBox

| "Drift Off to Dream" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Travis Tritt | |
| from the album  *Country Club* | |
| B-side | "Son of the New South" |
| Released | January 8, 1991 |
| Recorded | 1989 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | * 5:15 (album version) * 3:44 (single edit) |
| Label | Warner Bros. Nashville |
| Songwriter(s) | Travis Tritt, Stewart Harris |
| Producer(s) | Gregg Brown |
| Travis Tritt singles chronology | |
| "Put Some Drive in Your Country"
(1990) "**Drift Off to Dream**"
(1991) "Here's a Quarter (Call Someone Who Cares)"
(1991) | |


title: The Thing to Do (album)

abstract: The Thing to Do is an album by American trumpeter Blue Mitchell recorded in 1964 and released on the Blue Note label. Chick Corea plays piano on this album, one of his first recordings. This album also features Al Foster's recording debut.

text:
# The Thing to Do (album)

***The Thing to Do*** is an album by American trumpeter Blue Mitchell recorded in 1964 and released on the Blue Note label. Chick Corea plays piano on this album, one of his first recordings. This album also features Al Foster's recording debut.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Allmusic* |  |

The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 5 stars and stated "The record is prime Blue Note hard bop, containing inventive tunes, meaningful solos, and an enthusiastic but tight feel. Highly recommended".

## Track listing

1. "Fungii Mama" (Mitchell) - 7:49
2. "Mona's Mood" (Heath) - 5:18
3. "The Thing to Do" (Heath) - 7:08
4. "Step Lightly" (Henderson) - 10:27
5. "Chick's Tune" (Corea) - 9:36

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| The Thing to Do | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Blue Mitchell | |
| Released | June 1965 |
| Recorded | July 30, 1964 |
| Studio | Van Gelder Studio, Englewood Cliffs |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 40:18 |
| Label | Blue Note
BST 84178 |
| Producer | Alfred Lion |
| Blue Mitchell chronology | |
| *Step Lightly*
(1963) ***The Thing to Do***
(1965) *Down with It!*
(1965) | |


title: Pterostylis divaricata

abstract: Pterostylis divaricata, commonly known as northern striped greenhood, is a species of orchid endemic to northern New South Wales. It grows in colonies of genetically identical plants. As with similar orchids, plants in flower differ from those that are not. Those not in flower have a rosette of leaves that lie flat on the ground. Plants in flower lack a rosette at the base but have up to ten translucent white flowers with green and brown stripes. This greenhood is similar to P. striata but has larger flowers and a longer tip on the dorsal sepal.

text:
# Pterostylis divaricata

***Pterostylis divaricata***, commonly known as **northern striped greenhood**, is a species of orchid endemic to northern New South Wales. It grows in colonies of genetically identical plants. As with similar orchids, plants in flower differ from those that are not. Those not in flower have a rosette of leaves that lie flat on the ground. Plants in flower lack a rosette at the base but have up to ten translucent white flowers with green and brown stripes. This greenhood is similar to *P. striata* but has larger flowers and a longer tip on the dorsal sepal.

## Description

*Pterostylis divaricata* is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and when not flowering, a rosette of five to nine dark green, broad egg-shaped leaves that lie flat on the ground. Each leaf is 5–14 millimetres (0.2–0.6 in) long and 4–11 millimetres (0.2–0.4 in) wide. Plants in flower usually have only one, 25–30 millimetres (0.98–1.2 in) long, borne on a thin, smooth flowering stem 80–200 millimetres (3–8 in) high. Three to five dark green stem leaves 20–30 millimetres (0.8–1 in) long and 3–5 millimetres (0.1–0.2 in) wide are arranged on the side of the flowering spike. The flowers are translucent white with green and brown stripes. The dorsal sepal and petals are fused, forming a hood or "galea" over the column. The dorsal sepal is 35–40 millimetres (1–2 in) long, 10–12 millimetres (0.4–0.5 in) wide and gradually tapers to a thread-like tip 5–8 millimetres (0.2–0.3 in) long. The lateral sepals are erect, held closely against the galea with thread-like tips about 20–25 millimetres (0.8–1 in) long that are held high above the galea. The petals are oblong to lance-shaped, 24–28 millimetres (0.9–1 in) long, about 5 millimetres (0.2 in) wide and curved with flanges about 2 millimetres (0.08 in) wide. The sinus between the bases of the lateral sepals bulges forward with a V-shaped notch in the centre. The labellum is white with a brown tip and curves forward slightly, just visible above the sinus. Flowering occurs from March to May.

## Taxonomy and naming

This greenhood was first formally described in 2016 by David Jones and Lachlan Copeland and given the name *Diplodium divaricatum*. The description was published in the *Australian Orchid Review* from a specimen collected on Mount Duval. In the same year, the same authorities changed the name to *Pterostylis divaricata* "to allow for the different taxonomic views held at generic level within the subtribe". The specific epithet (*divaricata*) is a Latin word meaning "spread apart", referring to the spread tips of the lateral sepals.

This species has previously been known as *Pterostylis* sp. aff. *alata*.

## Distribution and habitat

*Pterostylis divaricata* grows with grasses, ferns and shrubs in woodland and forest on the higher parts between the New England Tableland and Mummel Gulf National Park.

## InfoBox

| Northern striped greenhood | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Pterostylis divaricata* at Gara Gorge | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Cranichideae |
| Genus: | *Pterostylis* |
| Species: | ***P. divaricata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pterostylis divaricata***<br>(D.L.Jones & L.M.Copel.) L.M.Copel. & D.L.Jones | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Diplodium divaricatum* D.L.Jones & L.M.Copel. | |


title: Shangxi, Zhejiang

abstract: Shangxi is a town of central Zhejiang province, China, located along the G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway to the west of Yiwu, which administers it, and the northeast of Jinhua.

text:
# Shangxi, Zhejiang

**Shangxi** (Chinese: 上溪; pinyin: *Shàngxī*) is a town of central Zhejiang province, China, located along the G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway to the west of Yiwu, which administers it, and the northeast of Jinhua.

## InfoBox

| Shangxi 上溪镇 | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Coordinates: 29°16′54″N 119°56′15″E / 29.28167°N 119.93750°E / 29.28167; 119.93750 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Zhejiang |
| Prefecture-level city | Jinhua |
| County-level city | Yiwu |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 322000 |
| Area code | 0579 |


title: Ram Avtar Singh

abstract: Ram Avtar Singh is an Indian politician from the Samajwadi Party serving as a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Noorpur Assembly constituency since 2022.

text:
# Ram Avtar Singh

**Ram Avtar Singh** is an Indian politician from the Samajwadi Party serving as a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Noorpur Assembly constituency since 2022.

## InfoBox

| Ram Avtar Singh | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office** <br>2022 | |
| Constituency | Noorpur Assembly constituency |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Political party | Samajwadi Party |
| Occupation | Politician |
|  | |