title: Sylvester Joseph

abstract: Sylvester Cleofoster Joseph is a West Indian cricketer who has played in five Test matches and 13 One Day Internationals from 2000 to 2005. He captained the West Indies in one of those ODI games due to the more experienced players being unavailable courtesy of contract disputes. In West Indian domestic cricket he plays for the Leeward Islands. Joseph was a member of the West Indies team that won the 2004 ICC Champions Trophy. Against the West Indies B in the Busta Cup of 2001/02, Joseph converted his maiden first class ton for the Leeward Islands into a double century, finishing with 211 not out. A right-handed middle order batsman, Joseph first joined the national team when they toured Australia in 2000–01. He did not play a Test but did take part in the ODI series, albeit without any success. In July 2004 he toured England and scored a century against a Sri Lankan A side. He followed it up with 68 in the second innings to put himself in contention for the Tests. After not being selected for the first two Tests he made his debut in the 3rd Test at Old Trafford. He came into the side as a direct replacement for Devon Smith and as a result was asked to open the batting. He made 45 in the first innings and 15 in the second. Opening the batting again in the following Test he failed to impress and had to wait until the tour of Sri Lanka a year later to get a recall. Joseph is now a regular for West Indies A side and is the current captain of the side. In 2006 he made two centuries for them, both against England A.

text:
# Sylvester Joseph

**Sylvester Cleofoster Joseph** (born 5 September 1978) is a West Indian cricketer who has played in five Test matches and 13 One Day Internationals from 2000 to 2005. He captained the West Indies in one of those ODI games due to the more experienced players being unavailable courtesy of contract disputes. In West Indian domestic cricket he plays for the Leeward Islands. Joseph was a member of the West Indies team that won the 2004 ICC Champions Trophy.

Against the West Indies B in the Busta Cup of 2001/02, Joseph converted his maiden first class ton for the Leeward Islands into a double century, finishing with 211 not out.

A right-handed middle order batsman, Joseph first joined the national team when they toured Australia in 2000–01. He did not play a Test but did take part in the ODI series, albeit without any success.

In July 2004 he toured England and scored a century against a Sri Lankan A side. He followed it up with 68 in the second innings to put himself in contention for the Tests. After not being selected for the first two Tests he made his debut in the 3rd Test at Old Trafford. He came into the side as a direct replacement for Devon Smith and as a result was asked to open the batting. He made 45 in the first innings and 15 in the second. Opening the batting again in the following Test he failed to impress and had to wait until the tour of Sri Lanka a year later to get a recall.

Joseph is now a regular for West Indies A side and is the current captain of the side. In 2006 he made two centuries for them, both against England A.

## InfoBox

Sylvester Joseph
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Sylvester Cleofoster Joseph |
| Born | (1978-09-05) 5 September 1978<br>New Winthorpes, Saint George, Antigua and Barbuda |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm off-break |
| International information | |
| National side |  |
| Test debut (cap 257) | 12 August 2004 v England |
| Last Test | 25 May 2007 v England |
| ODI debut (cap 99) | 19 April 2000 v Pakistan |
| Last ODI | 7 August 2005 v India |
|  | |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1996–2014 | Leeward Islands |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition Test ODI FC LA  Matches 5 13 87 88  Runs scored 147 161 4,517 2,174  Batting average 14.70 16.10 31.58 29.37  100s/50s 0/0 0/1 9/20 2/14  Top score 45 58 211 100  Balls bowled 12  396 126  Wickets 0  4 1  Bowling average   50.75 117.00  5 wickets in innings   0 0  10 wickets in match   0 0  Best bowling   2/13 1/9  Catches/stumpings 3/– 4/– 83/– 32/– | |
|  | |
| Medal record      Men's Cricket  Representing  West Indies  ICC Champions Trophy  **Winner** 2004 England | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 14 June 2010 | |


title: Buccinulum linea

abstract: Buccinulum linea, commonly known as the lined whelk, is a species of marine gastropod mollusc in the family Tudiclidae. It is found only in New Zealand, including the Chatham Islands.

text:
# Buccinulum linea

***Buccinulum linea***, commonly known as the **lined whelk**, is a species of marine gastropod mollusc in the family Tudiclidae. It is found only in New Zealand, including the Chatham Islands.

## Further reading

* Quoy, H. E. Th. & Gaimard, P., 1833 Mollusques. Zoologie. In Voyage de découvertes de l'Astrolabe, exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826-1827-1828-1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville, vol. 2(2), p. 321–686
* Fischer-Piette, E. & Beigbeder, J., 1944. Catalogue des types de gastéropodes marins conservés au laboratoire de Malacologie. VI. Mitridae, Marginellidae, Olividae, Columbellidae et Conidae. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 16(1): 448–462, sér. 2° série
* Beu A., Cernohorsky W.O., Climo F.M., Dell R.K., Fleming C.A., Marshall B.A., Ponder W.F, Powell W.B., 1976. - A Neotype for Buccinum linea Martyn, 1784 (Mollusca, Buccinidae). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 6(2): 221-225
* Powell A. W. B., *New Zealand Mollusca*, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1

## InfoBox

| *Buccinulum linea* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Shell (lectotype at MNHN, Paris) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Tudiclidae |
| Genus: | *Buccinulum* |
| Species: | ***B. linea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Buccinulum linea***<br>(Martyn, 1784) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| List * *Buccinulum (Chathamina) characteristica* Finlay, 1928 * *Buccinulum (Evarnula) caelatum* Powell, 1929 * *Buccinulum (Evarnula) gracillimum* Powell, 1934 * *Buccinulum (Evarnula) multilineum* Powell, 1929 * *Buccinulum (Evarnula) squalidum* Powell, 1929 * *Buccinulum (Evarnula) sufflatum* Finlay, 1926 * *Buccinulum caelatum* Powell, 1929 * *Buccinulum multilineum* Powell, 1929 * *Buccinulum squalidum* Powell, 1929 * *Buccinulum sufflatum* Finlay, 1926 * *Buccinulum waitangiensis* Powell, 1933 * *Buccinum linea* Martyn, 1784 (basionym) * *Cominella striata* Hutton, 1875 * *Euthria lineata* "Martyn" * *Fusus chemnitzii* Anton, 1838 * *Fusus linea* Martyn, 1784 * *Fusus lineatus* Quoy & Gaimard, 1833 * *Murex lineatus* Gmelin, 1791 * *Verconella dubia* Marwick, 1924 * *Verconella thomsoni* Marwick, 1924 | |


title: Cambridge Highlands

abstract: Cambridge Highlands also known as "Area 12", is a neighborhood of Cambridge, Massachusetts bounded by the railroad tracks on the north and east, the Belmont town line on the west, and Fresh Pond on the south. In 2005 it had a population of 673 residents living in 281 households, and the average household income was $56,500. The street grid is internally disconnected, and the railroads and pond block access north, east, and south. The only through roads are the east-west Concord Avenue and north-south Alewife Brook Parkway. Public transit access includes Alewife Station across the railroad tracks, and buses on Concord Avenue connecting to Harvard Square. The area is largely industrial-commercial, with the Fresh Pond Mal and other stores on Alewife Brook Parkway. The mall includes a movie theater multiplex. Also in the neighborhood are BBN Technologies, E Ink Corporation, an office of the Social Security Administration, a Best Western hotel, the Olympia Fencing Center and a large electrical substation. North of Concord Avenue and west of Alewife Brook Parkway a variety of light-industrial uses predominate, including Anderson & McQuaid Millwork, Longleaf Lumber's reclaimed wood warehouse and showroom, the scene shop of the American Repertory Theater, and the C.J. Mabardy disposal station, but since 2010 a steady encroachment of residential buildings has been occurring from the east. The Sancta Maria Nursing Facility and the Fayerweather Street School are also situated in this area. Near the Belmont line, a few streets in the neighborhood are mainly residential. There are also a few isolated houses on Concord Avenue, and a senior living center overlooking Fresh Pond; condominiums have gone up on Wheeler Street. In 2011, a developer purchased 70 Fawcett Street and was in the process of constructing a 428-unit residential complex. Blair Pond, on the western edge of Cambridge Highlands, is part of Alewife Brook Reservation, which continues north of the Fitchburg Line.

text:
# Cambridge Highlands

**Cambridge Highlands** also known as "Area 12", is a neighborhood of Cambridge, Massachusetts bounded by the railroad tracks on the north and east, the Belmont town line on the west, and Fresh Pond on the south. In 2005 it had a population of 673 residents living in 281 households, and the average household income was $56,500.

The street grid is internally disconnected, and the railroads and pond block access north, east, and south. The only through roads are the east-west Concord Avenue and north-south Alewife Brook Parkway. Public transit access includes Alewife Station across the railroad tracks, and buses on Concord Avenue connecting to Harvard Square.

The area is largely industrial-commercial, with the Fresh Pond Mal and other stores on Alewife Brook Parkway. The mall includes a movie theater multiplex. Also in the neighborhood are BBN Technologies, E Ink Corporation, an office of the Social Security Administration, a Best Western hotel, the Olympia Fencing Center and a large electrical substation.

North of Concord Avenue and west of Alewife Brook Parkway a variety of light-industrial uses predominate, including Anderson & McQuaid Millwork, Longleaf Lumber's reclaimed wood warehouse and showroom, the scene shop of the American Repertory Theater, and the C.J. Mabardy disposal station, but since 2010 a steady encroachment of residential buildings has been occurring from the east. The Sancta Maria Nursing Facility and the Fayerweather Street School are also situated in this area.

Near the Belmont line, a few streets in the neighborhood are mainly residential. There are also a few isolated houses on Concord Avenue, and a senior living center overlooking Fresh Pond; condominiums have gone up on Wheeler Street. In 2011, a developer purchased 70 Fawcett Street and was in the process of constructing a 428-unit residential complex.

Blair Pond, on the western edge of Cambridge Highlands, is part of Alewife Brook Reservation, which continues north of the Fitchburg Line.

## History

Originally, the area was merely swampland between Spy Pond and Fresh Pond, drained by Alewife Brook. What is now Concord Avenue was laid out sometime between 1805 and 1812 as the eastern part of the Cambridge and Concord Turnpike, proceeding directly from the new West Boston Bridge to the center of Concord, Massachusetts.

The Fitchburg Railroad opened in 1843, with stations on both sides of the wetlands (Blanchard Road and Brickworks). A spur to serve freight customers was constructed before the rest of the local street grid, explaining some of the unusual present-day property lines. It ran diagonally from northeast (near the bend in Fawcett Street) to southwest (terminating near customers on Concord Ave at Smith Place). As of 2013, abandoned sidings can still be found south of the Fitchburg main line, which presently carries MBTA Commuter Rail service as the Fitchburg Line (though with no stops in Cambridge Highlands). The Watertown Branch Railroad began construction in 1847, diverging from the Fitchburg main line east of present-day New Street. It skirts Fresh Pond to the east, and provided passenger service to Waltham until 1938. Freight service continued until 2007 or 2009; the railroad was officially abandoned in 2011 and is being turned into a rail trail in segments. The curve of the Watertown Branch defines the rear boundary of the Fresh Pond Mall and the curve of the industrial buildings on New Street.

By 1903, there were still sparse development improvements other than the railroads, Concord Avenue, and a few nearby industrial buildings. The neighborhood was urbanized into a largely industrial area in the 1900s.

1. Cambridge Highlands Map (PDF)
2. "New Boston Fund sells 70 Fawcett St. property in Cambridge". 2011-11-16. Retrieved 2013-03-15.
3. "DCR: Alwife Brook Reservation". *www.mass.gov*. Archived from the original on 2004-11-15.
4. "1903 Alewife Brook map".

42°23′25″N 71°9′3″W / 42.39028°N 71.15083°W / 42.39028; -71.15083


title: Project Juno

abstract: Project Juno was a privately funded campaign which selected Helen Sharman to be the first Briton in space. As the United Kingdom did not, at that time, have a human spaceflight programme, a private consortium was formed to raise money to pay the Soviet Union for a seat on a Soyuz mission to the Mir space station. The Soviet Union had recently flown Toyohiro Akiyama, a Japanese journalist, under a similar arrangement.

text:
# Project Juno

**Project Juno** was a privately funded campaign which selected Helen Sharman to be the first Briton in space.

As the United Kingdom did not, at that time, have a human spaceflight programme (until the UK joined the human spaceflight elements of ESA's exploration programme in December 2012, which led to Tim Peake's ESA mission in 2015), a private consortium was formed to raise money to pay the Soviet Union for a seat on a Soyuz mission to the Mir space station. The Soviet Union had recently flown Toyohiro Akiyama, a Japanese journalist, under a similar arrangement.

## Selection

A call for applicants was publicized in the UK (one ad read "Astronaut wanted. No experience necessary"), leading to 13,000 applications. Juno selected four candidates to train in the Soviet Union:

Eventually Mace and Sharman were selected to continue full-time training at Star City. After learning Russian and familiarising themselves with the science programme, Smith and Brooks were employed to teach the other two how to perform the experiments and then to conduct them in a life sized mock up of Mir for live media during the mission.

## Funding

The cost of the flight was to be funded by various innovative schemes, including sponsoring by private British companies and a lottery system. Corporate sponsors included British Aerospace, Memorex, and Interflora, and television rights were sold to ITV.

The flight cost £7 million.

Ultimately the Juno consortium failed to raise the entire sum, and the Soviet Union considered cancelling the mission. However Mikhail Gorbachev directed the mission to proceed at Soviet cost. The ambitious microgravity experiments originally planned were dropped when time ran out for sending required equipment on an automated 'Progress' flight. Helen did perform experiments designed by British schools that could be done with existing equipment aboard Mir along with a British microbiology screening investigation taken over by the Russians.

## Flight and after

Sharman was launched aboard Soyuz TM-12 on 18 May 1991, and returned aboard Soyuz TM-11 on 26 May 1991.

Both Sharman and Mace were candidates but not selected in the 1992 and 1998 European Space Agency selection rounds for its astronaut corps. Brooks was also put forward for the European Astronaut Corps in 1982, but dropped out when employed on AI systems elsewhere. Mace did not fly in space, but married the daughter of cosmonaut Vitali Zholobov. He was later the helicopter pilot for President of South Africa Nelson Mandela. He died in September 2014 from cancer.


title: Kurtar Beni

abstract: Kurtar Beni is a 1987 Turkish romantic drama film, directed by Halit Refiğ and starring Gülsen Bubikoglu, Talat Bulut, and Tanju Gürsu.

text:
# Kurtar Beni

***Kurtar Beni*** is a 1987 Turkish romantic drama film, directed by Halit Refiğ and starring Gülsen Bubikoglu, Talat Bulut, and Tanju Gürsu.

## InfoBox

| Kurtar Beni | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Halit Refiğ |
| Starring | Gülsen Bubikoglu, Talat Bulut, and Tanju Gürsu |
| Release date | * 1987 (1987) |
| Country | Turkey |
| Language | Turkish |


title: Unterberghorn

abstract: The Unterberghorn (1,773 m ) in the Austrian district of Kitzbühel in Tyrol is the highest peak between the mountain ranges of the Wilder Kaiser and Loferer Steinberge. The horn or pyramidal peak has two summits - its subpeak is the Hefferthorn (1,735 m) - and is the local mountain (Hausberg) for the villages of Kössen and St. Johann in Tirol, between which it rises, west of the valley of the River Großache. It is all the more prominent because each of the two holiday villages lies in a deep basin. On the eastern side of the Ache valley the Fellhorn, at 1,765 metres, is almost as high. The rock faces of this mountain massif, which belongs to the Northern Limestone Alps, run predominantly in a north-south direction, something which indicates the consistent pressure arising from Alpine mountain building. Deep troughs also run in both directions, whilst a large area of alpine pasture, the Zellerinalm lies on its eastern flank. Another large alm forms the relatively gently sloping northern ridge, known as the Unterberg. A cable car runs between this ridge and the Unterbergalm (1,278 m), whilst the alm hut is served by a good road and ski lifts cover the entire north slope. The popular holiday and ski resort is increasingly used by hikers as well as paragliders and hang gliders. The rivers draining to the north are heavily affected by changing weather conditions that can lead to flooding in the area of Kössen.

text:
# Unterberghorn

The **Unterberghorn** (1,773 m (AA)) in the Austrian district of Kitzbühel in Tyrol is the highest peak between the mountain ranges of the Wilder Kaiser and Loferer Steinberge.

The horn or pyramidal peak has two summits - its subpeak is the *Hefferthorn* (1,735 m) - and is the local mountain (*Hausberg*) for the villages of Kössen (near the Bavarian border) and St. Johann in Tirol, between which it rises, west of the valley of the River Großache. It is all the more prominent because each of the two holiday villages lies in a deep basin. On the eastern side of the Ache valley the Fellhorn, at 1,765 metres, is almost as high.

The rock faces of this mountain massif, which belongs to the Northern Limestone Alps, run predominantly in a north-south direction, something which indicates the consistent pressure arising from Alpine mountain building. Deep troughs also run in both directions, whilst a large area of alpine pasture, the *Zellerinalm* lies on its eastern flank.

Another large *alm* forms the relatively gently sloping northern ridge, known as the *Unterberg*. A cable car runs between this ridge and the *Unterbergalm* (1,278 m), whilst the alm hut is served by a good road and ski lifts cover the entire north slope.

The popular holiday and ski resort is increasingly used by hikers as well as paragliders and hang gliders. The rivers draining to the north are heavily affected by changing weather conditions that can lead to flooding in the area of Kössen.

## InfoBox

| Unterberghorn | |
| --- | --- |
| Unterberghorn. | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,773 m (AA) (5,817 ft) |
| Coordinates | 47°37′14″N 12°26′10″E / 47.62056°N 12.43611°E / 47.62056; 12.43611 |
| Geography | |
| UnterberghornTyrol, Austria | |
| Parent range | Chiemgau Alps |


title: Scrubs season 2

abstract: The second season of the American comedy television series Scrubs premiered on NBC on September 26, 2002, and concluded on April 17, 2003, and consists of 22 episodes. For the second season Neil Flynn was made a series regular. Colin Hay guest starred for the first time. It is also the first time an episode gives the narration to another regular, in "His Story". The show used a longer opening credits sequence for episodes 1 and 2, moving through the ward rather than just two beds, including a shot of Flynn as The Janitor, showing the names of the series regulars and ending with the chest X-ray showing the heart on the left side of the chest. However, the credits reverted to the original version in episode 3. The second season focuses on Dr. John Dorian's second year practicing medicine at Sacred Heart, where he is now a resident. In the season opener, everyone is still in shock from the secrets Jordan just revealed. As the season develops, J.D.'s older brother Dan comes to visit, money issues affect J.D., Elliot, and Turk, Turk proposes to Carla, and Elliot finds a new boyfriend, a nurse named Paul Flowers. Dr. Cox resumes a sexual relationship with his ex-wife Jordan, with quite unexpected results.

text:
# Scrubs season 2

The second season of the American comedy television series *Scrubs* premiered on NBC on September 26, 2002, and concluded on April 17, 2003, and consists of 22 episodes. For the second season Neil Flynn was made a series regular. Colin Hay guest starred for the first time. It is also the first time an episode gives the narration to another regular, in "His Story".

The show used a longer opening credits sequence for episodes 1 and 2, moving through the ward rather than just two beds, including a shot of Flynn as The Janitor, showing the names of the series regulars and ending with the chest X-ray showing the heart on the left side of the chest. However, the credits reverted to the original version in episode 3.

The second season focuses on Dr. John Dorian's second year practicing medicine at Sacred Heart, where he is now a resident. In the season opener, everyone is still in shock from the secrets Jordan just revealed ("My Last Day"). As the season develops, J.D.'s older brother Dan (Tom Cavanagh) comes to visit, money issues affect J.D., Elliot, and Turk, Turk proposes to Carla, and Elliot finds a new boyfriend, a nurse named Paul Flowers (Rick Schroder). Dr. Cox resumes a sexual relationship with his ex-wife Jordan, with quite unexpected results.

## Cast and characters

### Main cast

## Production

Tim Hobert was added as a consulting producer. Angela Nissel was hired as a staff writer for this season. April Pesa, the script coordinator, was given the chance to write an episode. Bonnie Sikotwiz (credited as Bonnine Schneider) & Hadley Davis, who Lawrence knew through *Spin City*, came into write an episode this season.

## Episodes

*Scrubs* season 2 episodes
| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original air date | Prod.
code | U.S. viewers
(millions) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 25 | 1 | "My Overkill" | Adam Bernstein | Bill Lawrence | September 26, 2002 (2002-09-26) | 201 | 22.31 |
| After Jordan revealed that she slept with J.D., he expects the worst from Dr. Cox. Elliot, embarrassed by Jordan's revelation about her lingering feelings for J.D., is avoiding J.D. at all costs. Carla is angry with Turk for not telling her that Dr. Cox was in love with her, and Dr. Cox is annoyed at Dr. Kelso for being played for a non-existent promotion and at J.D. for sleeping with Jordan.
NBC did not approve of the musical sequence featuring Colin Hay on screen performing an acoustic version of "Overkill"; such a scene had never been done by a sitcom. The episode's title is derived from the featured song. A longer design for the opening credits was introduced with this episode, with Neil Flynn (the "Janitor") listed as a regular cast member. | | | | | | | |
| 26 | 2 | "My Nightingale" | Craig Zisk | Eric Weinberg | October 3, 2002 (2002-10-03) | 203 | 18.94 |
| The residents spend a night on-call with no attending physicians available and deal with the responsibility of running the hospital on their own and having to make a tough decision about a patient. Meanwhile, Dr. Cox struggles with his feelings for Jordan. | | | | | | | |
| 27 | 3 | "My Case Study" | Michael Spiller | Gabrielle Allan | October 10, 2002 (2002-10-10) | 205 | 18.64 |
| Dr. Kelso starts an impromptu competition with the residents, offering an all expenses paid medical conference outing in Reno if they can bring him the most interesting case study. J.D. wants to compete but fears he will fall out of favor with Dr. Cox if he does. The entire hospital takes advantage of Dr. Kelso's annual good mood the day after he renews "marital activities" with his wife Enid. Elliot worries that she is not getting along well with Carla.
The opening credits permanently (except episode 7) reverted to the shorter design used in season 1. | | | | | | | |
| 28 | 4 | "My Big Mouth" | Paul Quinn | Mark Stegemann | October 17, 2002 (2002-10-17) | 206 | 17.76 |
| J.D. and Carla's relationship deteriorates when J.D. accidentally reveals some of Carla's secrets. The surgical residents compete for a trip to Mexico with Dr. Kelso. Elliot worries that she is not presenting a competent image to Dr. Cox and takes on some harrowing cases to improve it. | | | | | | | |
| 29 | 5 | "My New Coat" | Marc Buckland | Matt Tarses | October 24, 2002 (2002-10-24) | 202 | 14.11 |
| J.D. gets an ego boost by wearing a white doctor's coat, but also has to accept the increased responsibilities that come with it. Elliot's reputation suffers when she has a one-night stand with another Sacred Heart doctor. | | | | | | | |
| 30 | 6 | "My Big Brother" | Michael Spiller | Tim Hobert | October 31, 2002 (2002-10-31) | 204 | 18.02 |
| J.D.'s older brother Dan (Tom Cavanagh) drops by for a visit, but J.D. cannot hide how ashamed he is of his brother's life. Turk learns a lesson when he makes a bet with Dr. Cox on whether a patient lives or dies. Meanwhile, Sacred Heart staff is in costume for Halloween, and one person in particular is wreaking havoc in a gorilla suit, much to Dr. Kelso's disgust. | | | | | | | |
| 31 | 7 | "My First Step" | Lawrence Trilling | Mike Schwartz | November 7, 2002 (2002-11-07) | 207 | 17.53 |
| Julie Keaton (Heather Locklear), the attractive pharmaceutical representative on whom everyone has a secret crush, arrives at Sacred Heart, and tensions between her and Dr. Cox run high. J.D. and Elliot bicker over which one is the better doctor. Carla considers the drawbacks of being "just a nurse". | | | | | | | |
| 32 | 8 | "My Fruit Cups" | Ken Whittingham | Janae Bakken | November 14, 2002 (2002-11-14) | 208 | 19.93 |
| Dr. Cox and Julie (Heather Locklear) hook up, but Cox's new happiness is complicated when a pregnant Jordan arrives. J.D. and Turk suffer from a poor financial situation and continue to steal food and toilet paper from the hospital. Elliot's father cuts her off after she refuses to become an OBGYN as he wishes. | | | | | | | |
| 33 | 9 | "My Lucky Day" | Lawrence Trilling | Debra Fordham | December 5, 2002 (2002-12-05) | 209 | 19.50 |
| Elliot is forced to move out and also has to deal with a malpractice suit. J.D. shows up Dr. Cox and an unofficial competition begins between them. The episode guest stars Alan Ruck as Mr. Bragin, and features cameo appearances by David Copperfield and John Ritter. | | | | | | | |
| 34 | 10 | "My Monster" | Gail Mancuso | Angela Nissel | December 12, 2002 (2002-12-12) | 210 | 16.49 |
| Problems develop in the relationships of Turk and Carla and of Dr. Cox and Jordan. J.D. considers exactly how much the hospital consumes their lives; the stress and general gross experiences he deals with everyday are stealing his "mojo" just as he starts dating Lisa the Gift Shop Girl (Sarah Lancaster). Having lost the apartment her father paid for, Elliot is forced to live in the back of a moving truck as she has no time to find another place. | | | | | | | |
| 35 | 11 | "My Sex Buddy" | Will Mackenzie | Neil Goldman & Garrett Donovan | January 2, 2003 (2003-01-02) | 212 | 12.81 |
| Not wanting to repeat their last disastrous relationship, J.D. and Elliot agree to remain "sex buddies," but J.D. is unsatisfied with this arrangement. Turk tries to help out Elliot with her workload, but his efforts backfire. Carla learns a lesson about why hospitals cannot always give definite answers. | | | | | | | |
| 36 | 12 | "My New Old Friend" | Chris Koch | Gabrielle Allan | January 9, 2003 (2003-01-09) | 211 | 17.18 |
| J.D.'s feelings for Elliot continue to grow even after they break off casual sex; he tries seeing Lisa (Sarah Lancaster) again. Dr. Cox and Carla misdiagnose a hypochondriac patient (Richard Kind) after not taking his claims seriously. Dr. Kelso teaches Turk a lesson about the small lies their patients tell them. | | | | | | | |
| 37 | 13 | "My Philosophy" | Chris Koch | *Story by*: Bill Lawrence
*Teleplay by*: Matt Tarses & Tim Hobert | January 16, 2003 (2003-01-16) | 213 | 18.02 |
| Elliot demands single-sex locker rooms from Dr. Kelso, who is considering ways he might acquire a bigger office. Turk proposes to Carla, but not in the way he had originally planned. A favorite patient of J.D. is back in the hospital for her heart condition. | | | | | | | |
| 38 | 14 | "My Brother, My Keeper" | Michael Spiller | Eric Weinberg | January 23, 2003 (2003-01-23) | 214 | 14.09 |
| Turk's brother Kevin (D.L. Hughley) comes to visit with important news; Turk's feelings of inadequacy and debt to his brother surface. Dr. Townshend (Dick Van Dyke), an elderly doctor liked by everyone, runs into trouble with his best friend Dr. Kelso when J.D. screws up an outdated procedure under his supervision. | | | | | | | |
| 39 | 15 | "His Story" | Ken Whittingham | Bonnie Schneider & Hadley Davis | January 30, 2003 (2003-01-30) | 215 | 17.25 |
| This episode is narrated from Dr. Cox's, rather than J.D.'s, viewpoint. Dr. Cox discusses the hospital and Jordan in his sessions with his psychiatrist, Dr. Gross (Eric Bogosian). Elliot is thrilled to meet Paul Flowers (Rick Schroder), an attractive and charming doctor — until she learns he is actually a nurse. Carla finally accepts Turk's proposal. | | | | | | | |
| 40 | 16 | "My Karma" | Marc Buckland | Janae Bakken & Debra Fordham | February 20, 2003 (2003-02-20) | 216 | 13.45 |
| J.D. and Turk attempt to cover up the fact they were hitting golf balls off the roof and may have caused the accident that landed their patient in the hospital, but the Janitor knows. Jordan finally gives birth and reveals to J.D. who the father of her baby is, but asks him to keep it a secret. | | | | | | | |
| 41 | 17 | "My Own Private Practice Guy" | Marc Buckland | Angela Nissel & Mark Stegemann | March 13, 2003 (2003-03-13) | 218 | 15.64 |
| J.D. comes to admire his patient's private practice doctor, Dr. Peter Fisher (Jay Mohr), but is shocked to find out Peter was actually the reason Jordan and Dr. Cox divorced. The Janitor starts flirting with Elliot, and Carla begins to worry about her appearance. Features a cameo appearance by Jay Leno. | | | | | | | |
| 42 | 18 | "My T.C.W." | Adam Bernstein | Bill Lawrence | March 20, 2003 (2003-03-20) | 217 | 14.21 |
| Dr. Cox switches from female to dog names for J.D. after an interesting bestiality rumor about J.D. makes the rounds. Dr. Cox competes with baby Jack for Jordan's attention; relationship troubles crop up for Elliot and Paul and for Turk and Carla. When J.D. accepts a date from Jamie Moyer (Amy Smart), the very attractive wife of a comatose patient, his friends give him flak for it, causing him to tell them all a few home truths. Meanwhile, J.D. is criticized by the Chinese community of Sacred Heart after he accidentally says the word "chink".
The title is an abbreviation for "Tasty Coma Wife," the moniker J.D. and Turk give to Jamie. | | | | | | | |
| 43 | 19 | "My Kingdom" | Michael Spiller | April Pesa | March 27, 2003 (2003-03-27) | 219 | 13.56 |
| When J.D. does a temporary surgery elective, his friendship with Turk suffers as he tries to win popularity. The Janitor gets a new power saw. Dr. Cox plays a prank on Dr. Kelso while he is away, but it gets out of hand. Elliot's slip of the tongue drastically changes her relationship with Paul. | | | | | | | |
| 44 | 20 | "My Interpretation" | Will Mackenzie | *Story by*: Mike Schwartz
*Teleplay by*: Neil Goldman & Garrett Donovan | April 3, 2003 (2003-04-03) | 220 | 15.29 |
| J.D. attends the funeral of Jamie's (Amy Smart) husband, with predictable results. Turk has a sex dream about Elliot and is bewildered and embarrassed by it. Dr. Cox still experiences more mixed feelings about raising a child he still believes is not his. | | | | | | | |
| 45 | 21 | "My Drama Queen" | Michael Spiller | Will Berson | April 10, 2003 (2003-04-10) | 221 | 11.95 |
| J.D.'s relationship with Jamie (Amy Smart) takes a few interesting twists; Elliot correctly identifies her as a drama queen. Carla's mother dies. Dr. Cox is stuck with Ted in teaching a sensitivity seminar after Dr. Kelso witnesses Dr. Cox being particularly vicious towards a patient. | | | | | | | |
| 46 | 22 | "My Dream Job" | Bill Lawrence | Tim Hobert & Matt Tarses | April 17, 2003 (2003-04-17) | 222 | 14.66 |
| The end of the second year has the residents finding their jobs too monotonous; luckily, Spence (Ryan Reynolds), an old college buddy of J.D. and Turk's, visits and lightens things up, perhaps a little too much. Dr. Cox learns the truth about baby Jack and confides in J.D. he does not think he would make a good father. J.D. encourages Cox to imagine being a father, and as Dr. Kelso further attempts to break Elliot's spirit, Dr. Cox steps in. | | | | | | | |

### Notes

* denotes a "supersized" episode, running an extended length of 25–28 minutes.

General references

## InfoBox

| *Scrubs* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 2 | |
| DVD cover | |
| No. of episodes | 22 |
| Release | |
| Original network | NBC |
| Original release | September 26, 2002 (2002-09-26)
April 17, 2003 (2003-04-17) |
| Season chronology | |
|


title: Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai

abstract: Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai is an American citizen of Kashmiri origin, and a Jamaat-e-Islami activist. He founded the organisation Kashmiri American Council in the United States and carried out lobbying on behalf of Kashmiri separatist groups and the Government of Pakistan. In 2011, the US government stated that this was a front group for Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). Fai was arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigation on 19 July 2011, for acting as an unregistered foreign agent, concealing the transfer of USD 3.5 million from Pakistan's ISI to fund his lobbying efforts and influence the US government on the Kashmir conflict, in violation of the Foreign Agents Registration Act. His arrest came at a time when relations between Pakistan and the United States were strained in the aftermath of the raid that killed Osama bin Laden in Pakistan, and while US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton was on a visit to India. On 7 December 2011, Fai pleaded guilty to conspiracy and tax evasion; in March 2012, Fai was sentenced to two years' imprisonment by a US court for "conspiracy to defraud the US" by concealing transfer of funding from Pakistan's ISI for his illegal lobbying efforts on Kashmir.

text:
# Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai

**Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai** (born April 1949) is an American citizen of Kashmiri origin, and a Jamaat-e-Islami activist. He founded the organisation **Kashmiri American Council** in the United States and carried out lobbying on behalf of Kashmiri separatist groups and the Government of Pakistan. In 2011, the US government stated that this was a front group for Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI).

Fai was arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigation on 19 July 2011, for acting as an unregistered foreign agent, concealing the transfer of USD 3.5 million from Pakistan's ISI to fund his lobbying efforts and influence the US government on the Kashmir conflict, in violation of the Foreign Agents Registration Act. His arrest came at a time when relations between Pakistan and the United States were strained in the aftermath of the raid that killed Osama bin Laden in Pakistan, and while US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton was on a visit to India. On 7 December 2011, Fai pleaded guilty to conspiracy and tax evasion (both charges); in March 2012, Fai was sentenced to two years' imprisonment by a US court for *"*conspiracy to defraud the US" by concealing transfer of funding from Pakistan's ISI for his illegal lobbying efforts on Kashmir.

## Early life

Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai was born in April 1949 in the Wadwan village of Budgam district in the Kashmir Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India. He graduated from Srinagar's Sri Pratap College, then completed an MA from Aligarh Muslim University. During his college days, he came under the influence of Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir. He occasionally wrote columns in the local newspapers under the name "Fay Budgami", which eventually resulted in his acquired last name "Fai". Mohammad Yusuf Shah, who later became the chief of Hizbul Mujahideen, is said to have been his childhood friend.

Fai moved to Saudi Arabia in 1967, and then went to the United States. He obtained a PhD in mass communications from the Temple University in 1977. He became a US citizen in 1990.

## Fraudulent Academic Credentials

For decades, Fai has claimed, as he continues to, to have earned a PhD from Temple University in Philadelphia and constantly referred to himself as "Dr. Fai", as was echoed in the Pakistani media. After moving to the United States in 1977 he began a course in mass communications at Temple University on 'Television in Saudi Arabia'. He completed less than half the PhD requirements and did not receive a degree, yet constantly referred to himself as "Dr. Fai" in official correspondence with the FBI and other law enforcement bodies. As of 2019, he continues to use his false "Phd" credential in his public engagements, and press outlets.

## Kashmiri American Council

Fai was the executive director of the Kashmiri American Council (KAC), an ISI module based in Washington, D.C., for the cause of *"propagating the cause of the right of self-determination of the people of the State of Jammu & Kashmir"*. The KAC was formed by some members of the Kashmiri diaspora,\[2\] in Washington, D.C. In the 1990s, Paul Manafort lobbied for the KAC.

According to the FBI, the Kashmiri American Council - a nonprofit organization - would arrange seminars, conferences and lectures on Kashmir. Officially the KAC denied getting any foreign grants. KAC is best known for annually holding a so-called "Kashmir Peace Conference" in Washington, D.C., which was presented as *"an independent forum for Indian, Pakistani and Kashmiri voices"*. However, the U.S. Justice Department proved in court that the Pakistan Army, specifically the I.S.I., approved the list of speakers and gave Fai talking points to *"highlight the Kashmir cause"*.

## Political access

Before his arrest in July 2011 and subsequent electronically monitored house arrest in Virginia, USA, he was a regular visitor to Pakistan and met regularly and openly with the highest levels of the political, bureaucratic and military establishment, including the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). In the US, Fai's access extended to various mid-level officials in the State Department, as well as a variety of backbenchers including non-ranking Congressmen and a handful of Senators. Typically, his access was limited to those Congressmen to whose election funds the Kashmir American Council (see above) had donated monies, including Joe Pitts (R-Pennsylvania) and Dan Burton (R-Indiana). Fai has never had a meeting with any Secretary of State or with a serving US Ambassador or equivalent rank of official.

Since forfeiting his Indian citizenship by taking US citizenship in 1990, he has been denied visas to visit India on account of his now-publicly-reported ties to the Pakistani Military, in particular the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). He has never had a meeting in any third country with any Indian elected official or any senior diplomat.

## Arrest

Fai was charged along with a Pakistani American associate named Zaheer Ahmad for obtaining illegal funding from Pakistan for the KAC. Fai was arrested at his home in Fairfax, Virginia. According to Neil MacBride, the United States Attorney at United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia "Mr. Fai is accused of a decades-long scheme with one purpose – to hide Pakistan's involvement behind his efforts to influence the U.S. government's position on Kashmir, his handlers in Pakistan allegedly funneled millions through the Kashmir Center to contribute to U.S. elected officials, fund high-profile conferences, and pay for other efforts that promoted the Kashmiri cause in favor of Pakistan to decision makers in Washington." According to prosecutors he was directed by ISI and was in touch with them at least 4000 times in the preceding 3 years. The prosecutors also alleged that Kashmiri American Council was run by elements of Pakistani government including ISI and had Fai had received at least $4 million from the Government of Pakistan. If convicted Fai faces up to 5 years in prison. Zaheer Ahmad was not arrested and was thought to be living in Pakistan. On 8 October 2011, it was reported that Ahmad had died in Islamabad at the age of 63 due to a brain haemorrhage.

### Bail

At his initial court appearance, the prosecution claimed that, after his arrest, Fai had admitted to receiving money from ISI but said that he maintained an independent viewpoint on issues pertaining to Kashmir. FBI agent Sarah Linden stated that previously Fai had denied knowing anyone from ISI. Fai himself said nothing at the trial. He was granted bail and placed under house arrest. His and his wife's passports were confiscated, and Fai was forbidden from making any contact with any foreign government or witness.

### Guilty plea

On 7 December 2011, Fai pleaded guilty in the court of conspiracy and tax evasion. As part of his guilty plea, Fai signed an 81-paragraph "Statement of Fact" cataloguing his crimes, with specific details as to the instructions and payments he received from his ISI handlers. Court documents revealed his primary ISI handlers to have been Javeed Aziz Khan (alias "Brigadier Abdullah ('Khan')"; Major-General Mumtaz Ahmad Bajwa, who later became head of the ISI's Security Directorate that oversees Kashmiri militant groups, Lieutenant-Colonel Touqeer Mehmood Butt, and Sohail Mahmood (alias "Mir"). An attorney submitted in a foot-note to a US district court in Alexandria, Virginia, that Fai misled people about possessing a doctorate degree. In March 2012 Fai was sentenced to two years in prison.

### Sentence reduction and release

On 15 November 2013, the Assistant US Attorney who had prosecuted Fai asked the court to reduce Fai's sentence to 16 months time served. The motion was granted by the original sentencing judge on 22 November 2013, and Fai was released from the Federal Correctional Institution in Cumberland, Maryland.

## Reactions

The Embassy of Pakistan in Washington, D.C. issued a statement after the arrest claiming that "it had no knowledge" of Fai's alleged ties with the Pakistani establishment, though he was a regular visitor to the Embassy. However an unnamed Pakistani official told *The Independent* that Fai was getting funding from ISI as he was unable to raise money from the Pakistani American community. The Pakistani government lodged its concern over the arrest and accused the US of embarking on a "slander campaign" against Pakistan. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan released a statement lauding the "contributions made by the Kashmiri American Council and Dr Ghulam Nabi Fai for the cause of Jammu and Kashmir." It further commented that "upholding fundamental rights of Kashmiris is the fundamental responsibility of the international community and all conscientious people who value human rights and values" and added that "campaigns to defame the just cause of the Kashmiri people will not affect its legitimacy."

A statement released by the Home ministry of India said "The arrest of Ghulam Nabi Fai was long overdue. We had (a) fair degree of suspicion that the money which he received was given by the agencies in Pakistan."

Fai donated money to Congressman Joseph R. Pitts over the years. After finding out about Fai's arrest, Pitts donated the same amount to charity. Pitts denied knowing Fai had external financings. In a letter published in Intelligencer Journal Pitt wrote "Clearly, much more was going on. Dr. Fai will get his day in court. Before long, we will learn exactly what he was doing behind the scenes. Whatever the ISI hoped to accomplish, it didn't work."

U.S representative from Indiana Dan Burton, who frequently supports Pakistan's position on Kashmir, was a major recipient of contributions from Fai. Expressing shock at his arrest, Burton admitted to having known Fai for more than 20 years and stated "in that time I had no inkling of his involvement with any foreign intelligence operation and had presumed our correspondence was legitimate". He said that funds he received from Fai would be donated to the Boy Scouts of America. Fai's arrest was condemned by separatist Kashmiri leader Syed Ali Shah Geelani, who described him as their "ambassador".

His arrest was welcomed by the Kashmiri Pandit community. According to Lalit Koul, the President of the Indo-American Kashmir Forum, "It was always clear that this (Fai's) group was following the official Pakistani version of the Kashmir story. In all instances, the truth was obfuscated by misinformation provided by our opponents masquerading as Kashmiri freedom fighters."

## Post release

After being released, as of March 2020, it was reported that Fai has appeared on media channels across US to highlight "Indian atrocities in Kashmir and against Muslims", authored articles, collaborated with Indian influencers, and resumed his interactions with members of the US Senate.

## Family

Fai is married to a Chinese woman in the United States and has two children.

## InfoBox

| Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai
April 1949 (age 75)
Wadwan, Jammu and Kashmir, India |
| Citizenship | United States |
| Education | PhD in mass communications |
| Alma mater | Temple University |
| Criminal charge | Conspiracy to defraud the US by violation of Foreign Agents Registration Act |
| Criminal status | Convicted and sentenced to two years imprisonment |


title: Buccinum baerii

abstract: Buccinum baerii, common name Baer's buccinum, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. The epithet is written by some authors as "baeri".

text:
# Buccinum baerii

***Buccinum baerii***, common name **Baer's buccinum**, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks. The epithet is written by some authors as "baeri".

## Description

The size of an adult shell varies between 25 mm and 54 mm. The thin shell has an elongate to ovate shape with a large broad, convex body whorl. The conical spire is pointed. There are numerous, rounded spiral cords on the whorls; but they may be hard to see. In some specimens, the cords are large with occasional low and broad axial ribs. The presence or absence of sculpture in this species is an individual character and is not based on a geographic location. The broad oval aperture points upwards. The siphonal canal is short and broad. The columella and the parietal wall are curved showing a thin, yellowish-white callus. The horny operculum is small and oval. The color of the shell varies between yellowish-brown and purplish-gray.

Baer's buccinum is host to larval stages of trematodes.

The hermit crab *Pagurus hirsutiusculus* (Dana, 1851) can be found in empty shells of Baer's buccinum.

## Distribution

This cold-water species occurs on rocky shores, sand or gravel in the intertidal zone to depths of 15m. in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands to Kodiak, Alaska

* The National Audubon Society - Field Guide to North American Shells, p. 549; ISBN 0-394-51913-2

## InfoBox

| *Buccinum baerii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| A shell of *Buccinum baerii*. The operculum has been glued to cotton in the aperture | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Buccinidae |
| Genus: | *Buccinum* |
| Species: | ***B. baerii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Buccinum baerii***<br>(Middendorff, 1848) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Tritonium (Fusus) baerii* Middendorff, 1848 (basionym) * *Tritonium baerii* Middendorff, 1848 (original combination) * *Volutharpa morchiana* P. Fischer, 1859 | |


title: CanSupport

abstract: CanSupport is an organization based in India that supports cancer patients. They work in the field of palliative care in north India. They aim to serve people suffering from cancer through their programs -home care, outpatient clinics and day care centers.

text:
# CanSupport

28°33′31″N 77°12′31″E / 28.558690258°N 77.208496032°E / 28.558690258; 77.208496032

**CanSupport** is an organization based in India that supports cancer patients. They work in the field of palliative care in north India. They aim to serve people suffering from cancer through their programs -home care, outpatient clinics and day care centers.

## About the Founder

Harmala Gupta founded CanSupport in 1996 after her own battle with cancer. While working on her Ph.D. thesis in McGill University, Montreal, Canada, she was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Her experience with Hodgkin's lymphoma inspired her to establish CanSupport.

## Awards and recognition

* In 2017, CanSupport was declared a "Public Health Champion" by the World Health Organization, WHO.
* In 2015, CanSupport was awarded the Rashtriya Swayamsiddha Samman in the Inspirational Model Category in the field of healthcare. This National Award has been instituted by the JSPL Foundation, a non-profit CSR wing of Jindal Steel and Power Limited, to recognize exemplary grassroots NGOs in India.

1. "Theres Life Beyond Cancer". *www.businesswireindia.com*. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
2. "CanSupport: No ordinary NGO". *TheDailyGuardian*. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
3. "Celebrating National Doctors' Day - National Doctors' Day 2023- Medithon". *timesofindia.indiatimes.com*. Retrieved 2024-04-28.
4. "Harmala Gupta - International Association for Hospice & Palliative Care". *hospicecare.com*. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
5. "Public Health Champion Awards". *www.who.int*. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
6. "Social innovators awarded by JSPL Foundation". *business standard*. 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.

## InfoBox

CanSupport
| Founded | 1996 |
| --- | --- |
| Founder | Harmala Gupta |
| Focus | Palliative care |
| Headquarters | New Delhi |
| Location | * 60/2D, Yusuf Sarai, Indian Oil Building Compound New Delhi-110016, India |
| Coordinates | 28°33′31″N 77°12′31″E / 28.558690258°N 77.208496032°E / 28.558690258; 77.208496032 |
| Area served | India |
| Services | home care, day care, out-patient clinic |
| Website | www.cansupport.org |


title: Prokopów

abstract: Prokopów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pleszew, within Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Pleszew and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

text:
# Prokopów

**Prokopów** \[prɔˈkɔpuf\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pleszew, within Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Pleszew and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

## InfoBox

| Prokopów | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Prokopów | |
| Coordinates: 51°55′N 17°49′E / 51.917°N 17.817°E / 51.917; 17.817 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Pleszew |
| Gmina | Pleszew |


title: David Oliver (ice hockey)

abstract: David Lee Oliver is a Canadian assistant coach for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL) and a former professional ice hockey player who played several seasons in the NHL.

text:
# David Oliver (ice hockey)

**David Lee Oliver** (born April 17, 1971) is a Canadian assistant coach for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL) and a former professional ice hockey player who played several seasons in the NHL.

## Career

A graduate of the University of Michigan, Oliver began his NHL career with the Edmonton Oilers in 1994. He would also play with the New York Rangers, Ottawa Senators, Phoenix Coyotes and Dallas Stars.

Oliver has also played in the American Hockey League, International Hockey League, Germany's Deutsche Eishockey Liga, and the United Kingdom's British National League.

In 2007, Oliver joined the Colorado Avalanche where he worked for 11 seasons, serving as Director of Hockey Operations of the Lake Erie Monsters, Colorado's American Hockey League affiliate, an Assistant Coach with Lake Erie for two seasons and General Manager for three seasons. He also served as Colorado's Director of Player Development, a role which he held for six seasons. On July 17, 2018, the New York Rangers announced that Oliver would be joining David Quinn as an assistant coach for the team, along with Greg Brown.

## Career statistics

### Regular season and playoffs

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1988–89 | Vernon Lakers | BCJHL | | 58 | 41 | 38 | 79 | 38 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1989–90 | Vernon Lakers | BCJHL | | 58 | 51 | 48 | 99 | 22 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1990–91 | University of Michigan | CCHA | | 27 | 13 | 11 | 24 | 34 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1991–92 | University of Michigan | CCHA | | 44 | 31 | 27 | 58 | 32 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1992–93 | University of Michigan | CCHA | | 40 | 35 | 20 | 55 | 18 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1993–94 | University of Michigan | CCHA | | 41 | 28 | 40 | 68 | 16 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1994–95 | Cape Breton Oilers | AHL | | 32 | 11 | 18 | 29 | 8 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1994–95 | Edmonton Oilers | NHL | | 44 | 16 | 14 | 30 | 20 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1995–96 | Edmonton Oilers | NHL | | 80 | 20 | 19 | 39 | 34 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1996–97 | Edmonton Oilers | NHL | | 17 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1996–97 | New York Rangers | NHL | | 14 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1997–98 | Houston Aeros | IHL | | 78 | 38 | 27 | 65 | 60 | | 4 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
| 1998–99 | Ottawa Senators | NHL | | 17 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1998–99 | Houston Aeros | IHL | | 37 | 18 | 17 | 35 | 30 | | 19 | 10 | 6 | 16 | 22 |
| 1999–00 | Houston Aeros | IHL | | 45 | 16 | 11 | 27 | 40 | | 11 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 8 |
| 1999–00 | Phoenix Coyotes | NHL | | 9 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2000–01 | Ottawa Senators | NHL | | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2000–01 | Grand Rapids Griffins | IHL | | 51 | 14 | 17 | 31 | 35 | | 10 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 8 |
| 2001–02 | Munich Barons | DEL | | 59 | 20 | 14 | 34 | 30 | | 9 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 2002–03 | Dallas Stars | NHL | | 6 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2002–03 | Utah Grizzlies | AHL | | 37 | 11 | 14 | 25 | 14 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2003–04 | Dallas Stars | NHL | | 36 | 7 | 5 | 12 | 12 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2003–04 | Utah Grizzlies | AHL | | 31 | 5 | 12 | 17 | 12 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2004–05 | Guildford Flames | BNL | | 13 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2005–06 | Dallas Stars | NHL | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2005–06 | Iowa Stars | AHL | | 54 | 21 | 13 | 34 | 26 | | 5 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
| 2006–07 | Rögle BK | SWE-2 | | 29 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 34 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| NHL totals | | | | 233 | 49 | 49 | 98 | 84 | | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |

## Awards and honours

| Award | Year |
| --- | --- |
| All-CCHA Rookie Team | 1990–91 |
| All-CCHA Second team | 1992–93 |
| All-CCHA First Team | 1993–94 |
| AHCA West First-Team All-American | 1993–94 |
|

## InfoBox

| Dave Oliver | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Oliver with the Iowa Stars in 2005 | | | |
| Born | (1971-04-17) April 17, 1971
Sechelt, British Columbia, Canada | | |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (183 cm) | | |
| Weight | 195 lb (88 kg; 13 st 13 lb) | | |
| Position | Right wing | | |
| Shot | Right | | |
| Played for | ***NHL***
Edmonton Oilers
New York Rangers
Ottawa Senators
Phoenix Coyotes
Ottawa Senators
Dallas Stars
***AHL***
Cape Breton Oilers
Utah Grizzlies
Iowa Stars
***IHL***
Houston Aeros
Grand Rapids Griffins
***DEL***
Munich Barons
***BNL***
Guildford Flames
***Swe-1***
Rögle BK | | |
| Current NHL coach | *New York Rangers (Assistant)* | | |
| NHL draft | 144th overall, 1991
Edmonton Oilers | | |
| Playing career | 19942007 | | |


title: Sheep Ridge Wilderness

abstract: Sheep Ridge Wilderness was designated in 1984, and it covers 9,315 acres (38 km⁲) in the Croatan National Forest in eastern North Carolina. The Wilderness Area is a vast wetland, and it lacks trails and campsites. Travel through this wilderness is difficult.

text:
# Sheep Ridge Wilderness

**Sheep Ridge Wilderness** was designated in 1984, and it covers 9,315 acres (38 km2) in the Croatan National Forest in eastern North Carolina. The Wilderness Area is a vast wetland, and it lacks trails and campsites. Travel through this wilderness is difficult.

## InfoBox

| Sheep Ridge Wilderness | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category Ib (wilderness area) | |
| Map of the United States | |
| Location | Craven County, North Carolina, USA |
| Nearest city | Havelock, North Carolina |
| Coordinates | 34°54′43″N 077°02′23″W / 34.91194°N 77.03972°W / 34.91194; -77.03972 |
| Area | 9,315 acres (38 km2) |
| Designation | 1984 |
| Designated | Wilderness Area |
| Governing body | United States Forest Service |


title: Gerolamo Politi

abstract: Gerolamo Politi, O.P. was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Trevico (1564–1575).

text:
# Gerolamo Politi

**Gerolamo Politi, O.P.** (died 1575) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Trevico (1564–1575).

## Biography

Gerolamo Politi was ordained a priest in the Order of Preachers. On 25 October 1564, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Pius IV as Bishop of Trevico. He served as Bishop of Trevico until his death in 1575.

## InfoBox

| Most Reverend
Gerolamo Politi | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Trevico | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Diocese | Diocese of Trevico |
| In office | 1564–1575 |
| Predecessor | Agostino Folignatti |
| Successor | Benedetto Oliva |
| Personal details | |
| Died | 1575
Trevico, Italy |


title: Raphaelle Peale

abstract: Raphaelle Peale is considered the first professional American painter of still-life.

text:
# Raphaelle Peale

**Raphaelle Peale** (sometimes spelled **Raphael Peale**; February 17, 1774 – March 4, 1825) is considered the first professional American painter of still-life.

## Biography

Peale was born in Annapolis, Maryland, the fifth child, though eldest surviving, of the painter Charles Willson Peale and his first wife Rachel Brewer. He grew up in Philadelphia, and spent his life there in a home at the corner of 3rd and Lombard. Like his siblings (almost all of whom were named after famous artists or scientists), Raphaelle was trained by his father as an artist. Early in his career, the pair collaborated on portraits. On some commissions, Raphaelle painted miniatures while his brother, Rembrandt, painted full-size portraits.

In 1793, he made a trip to South America in order to collect specimens for the Peale Museum founded by his father. He exhibited five portraits and eight other paintings, probably still lifes, at the Columbianum, Philadelphia in 1794. His first professional exhibition was in 1795 at the age of 21. In 1797, with his brother Rembrandt, he traveled to Charleston, South Carolina, where they attempted to establish another museum. The plan fell through, however, and Raphaelle returned to painting miniatures.

He married Martha (Patty) McGlathery at the age of twenty, and with her had eight children. For about two years beginning in 1803, Peale toured Virginia with the "physiognotrace", a profile making machine, with which he was briefly successful. By 1806 he had begun to suffer the symptoms of arsenic and mercury poisoning brought on by his work as a taxidermist in his father's museum. In August 1809 he was hospitalized with delirium, and for the rest of his life he suffered debilitating attacks almost yearly—which his father ascribed to "gout of the stomach" caused by consumption of pickles and excessive drinking. From 1810, Peale concentrated on still-life painting almost exclusively, becoming America's first professional still-life painter, and he exhibited frequently at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and elsewhere, especially from 1814 to 1818. By 1813, he was unable to walk without crutches. After the downturn in his health, in an era when most artists considered still life a subject worthy only of amateurs, he devoted himself almost exclusively to still life painting. It is for these works he is best known. His work was on frequent exhibit at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts between 1814 and 1818. After reportedly indulging in a night of heavy drinking, his health destroyed, he died on March 4, 1825, at age 51 at his home in Philadelphia.

## Style

Alfred Frankenstein has called Raphaelle Peale "the first really distinguished still-life specialist to emerge in this country, and he is one of the four major still-life painters of the nineteenth century in the United States." His style may have been influenced by Spanish still life paintings he saw on his trip to Mexico and by the two works by Juan Sanchez Cotan, exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy in 1816. Most of Peale's paintings are small in scale, and depict a few objects—usually foodstuffs—arranged on a tabletop before a darkened background.

A notable exception to this is his *trompe-l'œil*, *Venus Rising from the Sea—A Deception* (also entitled *After the Bath,* 1822, in the collection of the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art). This painting serves as a distinct thematic departure from his other work. While the dark backdrop is consistent with his still life works, there were themes of this work that make it unique amongst Peale's other works. Instead of featuring food, the subject is instead Venus, who is just barely visible from behind the napkin covering her. This theme of covering is consistent with a previous work of his, *Peaches Covered by a Handkerchief*. By covering the subject, Peale introduced a theme of mystery to his painting which has survived to this day. The act of covering a nude figure was not new to the world of art, however Peale took this choice literally when painting the cover into the painting itself. The mystery of this work is compounded by the lack of clear date on the painting itself due to a smudged last digit. There was also an element of humor within this particular work. According to family stories, Peale painted this work in part as a prank on his wife. Making it appear as if he was hiding a pornographic image under a napkin, he wanted to goad his wife into scratching at the canvas. This sets this painting apart from the other Peale works, which tend to follow a more straightforward approach as previously mentioned.

It was his nephew George Escol Sellers's opinion that Raphaelle Peale was the most talented of Charles Wilson Peale's artist children and that "it was the Revolution that made him the wreck he was".

## Notable works

* *Blackberries*, c. 1813
* *Melons and Morning Glories*, 1813
* *A Dessert* (Still Life with Lemons and Oranges), 1814
* *Still Life with Orange and Book*, 1815
* *Fruit, Pitcher, and Pretzel*, unknown
* *Bowl of Peaches*, 1816
* *Still Life with Fruit, Cakes and Wine*, 1821
* *Still Life with Peaches*, 1822
* *Lemons and Sugar*, unknown

* Evans, Dorinda. "Raphaelle Peale's Venus Rising from the Sea: Further Support for a Change in Interpretation." American Art Journal, vol. 14, no. 3, Kennedy Galleries, Inc., 1982, pp. 63–72, https://doi.org/10.2307/1594328.
* Frankenstein, Alfred, *The Reality of Appearance*, Greenwich: New York Graphic Society, 1970. ISBN 0- 8212-0357-6
* Lauren Lessing and Mary Schafer, "Unveiling Raphaelle Peale's *Venus Rising from the Sea – A Deception*," Winterthur Portfolio 43 (July/August 2009), 229–59. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/600814 32 pages
* Phoebe Lloyd, "Philadelphia Story", *Art in America*, (November 1988), 154171, 195200.
* Margaret C. Conrads, ed., *The Collections of The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art: American Paintings to 1945*, vol. 1: https://archive.org/details/americanpainting01conr
* Margaret C. Conrads, ed., *The Collections of The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art: American Paintings to 1945*, vol. 2: https://archive.org/details/americanpainting02conr\_1
* Ward, David C., and Sidney Hart. "Subversion and Illusion in the Life and Art of Raphaelle Peale." American Art, vol. 8, no. 3/4, \[University of Chicago Press, Smithsonian American Art Museum\], 1994, pp. 97–121, JSTOR 3109174


title: Scrubs season 7

abstract: The seventh season of the American comedy television series Scrubs premiered on NBC on October 25, 2007 and concluded on May 8, 2008 and consists of 11 episodes. This was the final season to air on NBC before it was picked up by ABC. Season 7 was confirmed to have a reduced number of 18 episodes and was likely to be the final season. Due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike, only 11 episodes were finished and six aired before the strike. During the strike, it was unknown if production on the final episodes would resume or that a possible series finale would air due to the actors' contracts expiring if the strike were to last a long time. After the strike was over, the final five episodes aired starting April 10, 2008. Episode 12, titled "My Commitment" was partially completed before the strike, but was never completed or aired. Some material shot for "My Commitment" was later used in the season 8 episode, "My Nah Nah Nah". Season 7 continues to focus on the fact that J.D. has to grow up. He also has to deal with his newborn son, Sam. Both Elliot and J.D. deal with the fact that they may be with the wrong person. Turk tries to grow closer with Carla. Dr. Cox gets a temporary promotion. Dr. Kelso has to deal with the fact that the hospital has a mandatory retirement policy. Also, the Janitor starts dating Lady, who works at the hospital.

text:
# Scrubs season 7

The seventh season of the American comedy television series *Scrubs* premiered on NBC on October 25, 2007 and concluded on May 8, 2008 and consists of 11 episodes. This was the final season to air on NBC before it was picked up by ABC.

Season 7 was confirmed to have a reduced number of 18 episodes and was likely to be the final season. Due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike, only 11 episodes were finished and six aired before the strike. During the strike, it was unknown if production on the final episodes would resume or that a possible series finale would air due to the actors' contracts expiring if the strike were to last a long time. After the strike was over, the final five episodes aired starting April 10, 2008. Episode 12, titled "My Commitment" was partially completed before the strike, but was never completed or aired. Some material shot for "My Commitment" was later used in the season 8 episode, "My Nah Nah Nah".

Season 7 continues to focus on the fact that J.D. has to grow up. He also has to deal with his newborn son, Sam. Both Elliot and J.D. deal with the fact that they may be with the wrong person (Keith and Kim). Turk tries to grow closer with Carla. Dr. Cox gets a temporary promotion. Dr. Kelso has to deal with the fact that the hospital has a mandatory retirement policy. Also, the Janitor starts dating Lady, who works at the hospital.

## Cast and characters

### Main cast

## Production

## Episodes

*Scrubs* season 7 episodes
| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original air date | Prod.
code | U.S. viewers
(millions) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 140 | 1 | "My Own Worst Enemy" | Bill Lawrence | Neil Goldman & Garrett Donovan | October 25, 2007 (2007-10-25) | 701 | 6.95 |
| After the events in the On-Call room, J.D. and Elliot continue to question their respective commitments to Kim and Keith. Carla tells Turk that due to his diabetes, he can only have one candy bar every six months. Dr. Cox struggles to diagnose a patient. Meanwhile, Janitor may have a new girlfriend. | | | | | | | |
| 141 | 2 | "My Hard Labor" | Adam Bernstein | Bill Callahan | November 1, 2007 (2007-11-01) | 702 | 6.58 |
| J.D.'s pregnant girlfriend, Kim (Elizabeth Banks), goes into labour as they begin to question their strength as a couple and as potential parents. Meanwhile, the rest of Sacred Heart team also seem to be having parenting issues, with Cox wondering whether to give his daughter an injection, Turk and Carla attempting to complete a video game so that they can focus on Izzy, and Kelso helping his son Harrison through a breakup. Dr. Cox works with a new group of interns.
Features a cameo appearance by Colin Hay. | | | | | | | |
| 142 | 3 | "My Inconvenient Truth" | Bill Lawrence | Debra Fordham | November 8, 2007 (2007-11-08) | 703 | 6.27 |
| When the Janitor watches *An Inconvenient Truth*, he decides to become an Environmental Officer at Sacred Heart (with peculiar motivational methods). J.D. must deal with an inconvenient truth of his own when Dan returns to town and tells him he has to grow up. | | | | | | | |
| 143 | 4 | "My Identity Crisis" | Gail Mancuso | Dave Tennant | November 15, 2007 (2007-11-15) | 704 | 5.93 |
| The Janitor learns that J.D. uses nicknames for people in the hospital whose names he does not know, and challenges him to learn the real names of everyone in the hospital, or take over as the Janitor for a day. Also, Dr. Cox's family is away, and he realizes that he is lonely without them. Carla fears that she is losing her Latina heritage. | | | | | | | |
| 144 | 5 | "My Growing Pains" | Zach Braff | Mike Schwartz | November 29, 2007 (2007-11-29) | 705 | 5.91 |
| J.D. tries to stop acting like a child while Turk tries to bring him back. Dr. Cox has an 11-year-old patient, Josh, with leukemia, and has to deal with the child's parents who want to keep the condition a secret from Josh. On Dr. Kelso's birthday, Elliot throws him a party, and finds out that Dr. Kelso is 65 years old. The hospital's board members find out about it and force him to retire. He asks for it to be kept a secret until they find a replacement. | | | | | | | |
| 145 | 6 | "My Number One Doctor" | Will Mackenzie | Janae Bakken | December 6, 2007 (2007-12-06) | 706 | 4.85 |
| Dr. Kelso signs the hospital up to RateYourDoc.org, a website where patients can evaluate their doctor's level of care online. Turk and Dr. Cox go to great lengths to get J.D. out of the number one spot on the website. Elliot must make a decision when she learns that one of her patients has intentionally overdosed on medication. Meanwhile, Carla cannot figure out what the Janitor's new girlfriend sees in him. | | | | | | | |
| 146 | 7 | "My Bad Too" | Linda Mendoza | Clarence Livingston | April 10, 2008 (2008-04-10) | 707 | 6.58 |
| It is the anniversary for Carla and Turk's first date and both work on getting each other the perfect gift. While Turk is excited as his gift is having learned Spanish, he soon realizes that being bilingual can only work to his advantage and is unsure whether to reveal the truth. Meanwhile, J.D. is torn about whether he should allow one of his patients, a burn victim, to attend his graduation and turns to Elliot for advice. Elsewhere, Dr. Cox decides to steal all of Dr. Kelso's food. | | | | | | | |
| 147 | 8 | "My Manhood" | Michael McDonald | Angela Nissel | April 17, 2008 (2008-04-17) | 708 | 7.19 |
| J.D. and Turk try to prove their masculinity. Janitor starts a hospital newspaper titled *The Janitorial* that irks Dr. Cox, and Turk's embarrassing secret is revealed. Meanwhile, Elliot discovers that as a result of her giving him a birthday party a few weeks ago, Kelso is about to lose his job. | | | | | | | |
| 148 | 9 | "My Dumb Luck" | Rick Blue | Aseem Batra | April 24, 2008 (2008-04-24) | 710 | 5.39 |
| Dr. Cox faces a problem diagnosing a patient, and JD and Turk's mistake leads to a result. Elliot and Carla try to convince the hospital board against forcing Dr. Kelso to retire by rallying the staff. They succeed, but Kelso chooses to leave on his own. | | | | | | | |
| 149 | 10 | "My Waste of Time" | Chris Koch | Andy Schwartz | May 1, 2008 (2008-05-01) | 711 | 5.82 |
| Elliot and J.D. seek out a former patient, and Dr. Cox is loving his new title. Meanwhile, the Janitor encourages Ted to be more assertive, but soon finds his own authority being challenged. Carla also approaches Turk about the idea of another baby. | | | | | | | |
| 150 | 11 | "My Princess" | Zach Braff | Mark Stegemann | May 8, 2008 (2008-05-08) | 709 | 5.26 |
| Dr. Cox narrates a day's work at the hospital to his son as a medieval fairy tale. J.D. takes the role of the village idiot, Elliot is a princess, Turk and Carla are a two-headed witch, and Dr. Kelso (still head of the hospital as the episode was supposed to be broadcast before "My Dumb Luck") is a demon. | | | | | | | |

General references

## InfoBox

| *Scrubs* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 7 | |
| DVD cover | |
| No. of episodes | 11 |
| Release | |
| Original network | NBC |
| Original release | October 25, 2007 (2007-10-25)
May 8, 2008 (2008-05-08) |
| Season chronology | |
|


title: Radium release hitch

abstract: A radium release hitch is a load-releasing hitch using 3:1 mechanical advantage which is used in a two-rope technical rescue system. The Radium Release Hitch allows a load to be transferred from one rope to another and is commonly rigged into the belay line prior to the operation of a two-rope technical rescue system. A radium release hitch is typically tied with 10 meters of 8mm rope and two locking carabiners. A reasonable length for the hitch is 10 to 15 cm.

text:
# Radium release hitch

A **radium release hitch** is a load-releasing hitch using 3:1 mechanical advantage which is used in a two-rope technical rescue system. The Radium Release Hitch allows a load to be transferred from one rope to another and is commonly rigged into the belay line prior to the operation of a two-rope technical rescue system.

A radium release hitch is typically tied with 10 meters of 8mm rope and two locking carabiners. A reasonable length for the hitch (distance between the 2 carabiners) is 10 to 15 cm.

## History

The Radium Release Hitch was developed by Kirk Mauthner (who lives near Radium Hot Springs, hence the name) as a result of the extensive comparative analysis of release devices undertaken during 1997 through 1999

## Usage

* Passing knots
* Untensioning a locked lowering device or locked up prussiks.

## Tying

* Tie a figure 8 on a bight at one end of the cord and clip it into the load carabiner on its spine side.
* Clip the standing part of the rope through the anchor carabiner and back down through the load carabiner; bring the rope back up to the anchor carabiner.
* Tie a Münter hitch on its gate side of the anchor carabiner. Ensure that the Münter hitch is in the release position with the in-feed rope toward the gate side of the carabiner
* Secure the Radium Release Hitch using a bight to tie a half hitch on a bight around the entire stem below the Münter hitch, and then back it up with an overhand on a bight knot again around the entire stem.
* Tie a figure 8 on a bight at the other end, and clip it to a secure anchor.

List of knots

Mountain Rescue

## InfoBox

| Radium Release Hitch | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Category | Hitch |
| Efficiency | 30kn |
| Releasing | Load releasing |
| Typical use | technical rope rescue |


title: Cyperus conicus

abstract: Cyperus conicus is a sedge of the family Cyperaceae that is native to northern and north eastern parts of Australia. The perennial, rhizomatous and leafy sedge typically grows to a height of 0.2 to 1 metre in height and has a tufted habit. It blooms between March and July producing brown flowers. It is found in the Kimberley, Pilbara and northern Goldfields regions of Western Australia where it grows in sandy-clay and lateritic loamy soils. The range of the plant extends across the north eastwards through the Northern Territory and Queensland and then south into New South Wales.

text:
# Cyperus conicus

***Cyperus conicus*** is a sedge of the family Cyperaceae that is native to northern and north eastern parts of Australia.

The perennial, rhizomatous and leafy sedge typically grows to a height of 0.2 to 1 metre (0.7 to 3.3 ft) in height and has a tufted habit. It blooms between March and July producing brown flowers.

It is found in the Kimberley, Pilbara and northern Goldfields regions of Western Australia where it grows in sandy-clay and lateritic loamy soils. The range of the plant extends across the north eastwards through the Northern Territory and Queensland and then south into New South Wales.

## InfoBox

| *Cyperus conicus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Cyperus conicus | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | *Cyperus* |
| Species: | ***C. conicus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cyperus conicus***<br>(R.Br.) Boeckeler | |
|


abstract: The Bryce Canyon National Park Scenic Trails Historic District is a historic trail system in the central part of Bryce Canyon National Park in southwestern Garfield County, Utah, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

text:
# Bryce Canyon National Park Scenic Trails Historic District

The **Bryce Canyon National Park Scenic Trails Historic District** is a historic trail system in the central part of Bryce Canyon National Park in southwestern Garfield County, Utah, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

## Description

The trail system that was developed to allow day hikers to view or to descend into National Park's natural amphitheater of eroded limestone hoodoos from the developed portion of the park on the rim of the Paunsaugunt Plateau. Five trails are included in the NRHP district: the **Navajo Loop Trail**, the **Queen's Garden Trail**, the **Fairyland Trail**, the **Peekaboo Loop Trail**, and the **Rim Trail**. Mainly built between 1917 and 1935, these trails intersect to create a continuous network of trails. Portions of the trails were constructed by Civilian Conservation Corps labor from CCC Camp NP-3.

The Navajo Loop Trail closely follows its original alignment, leading to the "Wall Street" section of the amphitheater. The Queen's Garden Trail covers the area between Sunrise and Sunset Points, leading to the Queen Victoria rock formation. The trail includes two tunnels. The Peekaboo Loop Trail is about 4.4 miles (7.1 km) long, starting at Bryce Point. The eastern portion of the loop enters Peekaboo Canyon, then crosses to Bryce Canyon, then back into the Peekaboo Canyon drainage along the base of the Wall of Windows formation. The trail returns through a tunnel. The Fairyland Trail is about 5 miles (8.0 km) long, running through Fairyland and Campbell canyons. The Rim Trail follows the edge of the Paunsaugunt Plateau for 5.3 miles (8.5 km) between Fairyland Point and Bryce Point. Portions of especially heavy use have asphalt paving.

The Under-the-Rim Trail and the Riggs Spring Fire Trail connect to the day-hike trail system to provide access to the park's backcountry. Both are separately listed on the NRHP.

The Bryce Canyon trail system was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 25, 1995.

## History

Early trail construction focused on the area adjacent to the Bryce Canyon Lodge between Sunrise Point and Sunset Point. It is believed that what is now the Navajo Loop Trail incorporates sections from 1917, immediately after the National Park Service took over administration from the U.S. Forest Service, and may include some earlier USFS-built paths. The Queen's Garden Trail, the Navajo Trail and the Peekaboo Loop Trail were completed about 1929, most for foot traffic, with horse and foot traffic for the Peekaboo trail. This trail featured a spring with a horse trough and water fountain. Additional connecting trails were built at this time. The remainder of the trails in the district were completed between 1929 and 1935. Portions of the Rim Trail and the Fairyland Trail were built by the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1934-35.

Media related to Bryce Canyon National Park Scenic Trails Historic District at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Bryce Canyon National Park Scenic Trails Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Queen's Garden Trail, August 2006 | |
| Location in UtahLocation in United States | |
| Nearest city | Bryce Canyon, Utah |
| Coordinates | 37°37′32″N 112°09′50″W / 37.62556°N 112.16389°W / 37.62556; -112.16389 |
| Area | 51 acres (21 ha) |
| Built by | Civilian Conservation Corps |
| Architect | National Park Service |
| MPS | Bryce Canyon National Park MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 95000422 |
| Added to NRHP | April 25, 1995 |


title: CanWest Air

abstract: CanWest Air is a charter airline based in La Crete, Alberta. Founded in 1986 as Little Red Air Service, CanWest Air provides on-demand charter services to the communities of the Little Red River Cree Nation as well as to various other companies throughout northern Alberta. Nor-Alta Aviation also provides Air Ambulance services under contract from Alberta Health Services. Nor-Alta Aviation purchased Can-West Corporate Air Charters Ltd., and became Can-West Corporate Air Charters a Nor-Alta Aviation Company in late 2015.

text:
# CanWest Air

**CanWest Air** is a charter airline based in La Crete, Alberta. Founded in 1986 as **Little Red Air Service**, CanWest Air provides on-demand charter services to the communities of the Little Red River Cree Nation as well as to various other companies throughout northern Alberta. **Nor-Alta Aviation** also provides Air Ambulance services under contract from Alberta Health Services. Nor-Alta Aviation purchased **Can-West Corporate Air Charters Ltd**., and became Can-West Corporate Air Charters a Nor-Alta Aviation Company in late 2015.

## History

Nor-Alta Aviation began in 1986 as Little Red Air Service, which was owned and operated by the Little Red River Cree Nation. The purpose was to provide passenger charter and air ambulance services between the communities of Fox Lake, John D'Or Prairie, and Garden River, Alberta. As the company expanded it began to offer additional charter services throughout northern Alberta and western Canada. Later, LRAS secured a contract from the Alberta provincial government to provide air ambulance services from Fort Vermilion.

Nor-Alta Aviation Leasing Inc. was formed in 2004 for the purpose of leasing aircraft to Little Red Air Service. These additional aircraft allowed LRAS to augment its air ambulance fleet and add executive charters to its list of services. In 2006 was acquired **Slave Air**, the two companies entered into a management agreement, and Nor-Alta Aviation Leasing purchased the assets of LRAS. The new company became known as **Nor-Alta Aviation**, and was headed by a group of local entrepreneurs from the nearby community of La Crete.

In the summer of 2010, Nor-Alta Aviation expanded its operations to Fort McMurray after the grounding of Air Mikisew.

In 2015 Nor-Alta Aviation purchased Can-West Corporate Air Charters Ltd., which was founded in 1988, and served Wabasca, Slave Lake and Edmonton with medevac, private and executive charters. In late 2015 Nor-Alta Aviation took on the Can-West Corporate Air Charters Ltd name as part of its takeover.

Prior to the end of 2015 Can-West Corporate Air Charters Ltd. secured the purchase of **Meadow Air** Ltd. and their fleet of Cessna 337's.

## Destinations

CanWest Air does not offer any scheduled air services. Frequent destinations for charter flights include the communities of the Little Red River Cree Nation, as well as Fort Chipewyan, Fort McMurray, Grande Prairie, Edmonton, and several fishing lodges and oil camps throughout northern Alberta.

## Fleet

As of March 2024, CanWest Air has the following aircraft registered with Transport Canada:

**CanWest Air Fleet**
| Aircraft | No. of aircraft | Variants | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Beechcraft Super King Air | 9 | Model B200GT, Model B200CGT, Model B300C | medevac configuration, executive charter, the Model B300C marketed as King Air 350C |
| Cessna 206 | 2 | U206G | Up to five passengers or 1,000 lb (450 kg) of freight |
| Cessna 208 Caravan | 3 | 208B Grand Caravan | Up to nine passengers or 3,000 lb (1,400 kg) of freight |

## InfoBox

Can West Corporate Air Charters Ltd.
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| A Cessna 206 at Fort Vermilion Airport | |
| IATA ICAO Call sign  - CWA CAN WEST | |
| Founded | 1986 |
| AOC # | 5659 |
| Hubs | Edmonton International Airport
Calgary International Airport
Grande Prairie Airport
Peace River Airport
Fort Vermilion Airport
High Level Airport
Medicine Hat Airport |
| Fleet size | 23 |
| Headquarters | La Crete, Alberta |
| Key people | Jake Fehr (CEO) |
| Website | http://canwestair.com/ |


title: Processing delay

abstract: In a network based on packet switching, processing delay is the time it takes routers to process the packet header. Processing delay is a key component in network delay. During processing of a packet, routers may check for bit-level errors in the packet that occurred during transmission as well as determining where the packet's next destination is. Processing delays in high-speed routers are typically on the order of microseconds or less. After this nodal processing, the router directs the packet to the queue where further delay can happen. In the past, the processing delay has been ignored as insignificant compared to the other forms of network delay. However, in some systems, the processing delay can be quite large especially where routers are performing complex encryption algorithms and examining or modifying packet content. Deep packet inspection done by some networks examine packet content for security, legal, or other reasons, which can cause very large delay and thus is only done at selected inspection points. Routers performing network address translation also have higher than normal processing delay because those routers need to examine and modify both incoming and outgoing packets.

text:
# Processing delay

In a network based on packet switching, **processing delay** is the time it takes routers to process the packet header. Processing delay is a key component in network delay.

During processing of a packet, routers may check for bit-level errors in the packet that occurred during transmission as well as determining where the packet's next destination is. Processing delays in high-speed routers are typically on the order of microseconds or less. After this nodal processing, the router directs the packet to the queue where further delay can happen (queuing delay).

In the past, the processing delay has been ignored as insignificant compared to the other forms of network delay. However, in some systems, the processing delay can be quite large especially where routers are performing complex encryption algorithms and examining or modifying packet content. Deep packet inspection done by some networks examine packet content for security, legal, or other reasons, which can cause very large delay and thus is only done at selected inspection points. Routers performing network address translation also have higher than normal processing delay because those routers need to examine and modify both incoming and outgoing packets.

## Bibliography

* *Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach* by Kurose and Ross. 6th edition


title: Tempoczów-Kolonia

abstract: Tempoczów-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skalbmierz, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Skalbmierz, 12 km (7 mi) north-west of Kazimierza Wielka, and 66 km (41 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

text:
# Tempoczów-Kolonia

**Tempoczów-Kolonia** \[tɛmˈpɔt͡ʂuf kɔˈlɔɲa\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skalbmierz, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Skalbmierz, 12 km (7 mi) north-west of Kazimierza Wielka, and 66 km (41 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

## InfoBox

| Tempoczów-Kolonia | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Tempoczów-Kolonia | |
| Coordinates: 50°19′14″N 20°20′0″E / 50.32056°N 20.33333°E / 50.32056; 20.33333 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Świętokrzyskie |
| County | Kazimierza |
| Gmina | Skalbmierz |


title: Sheep Track Member

abstract: The Sheep Track Member is a stratigraphic unit of the Big Raven Formation, part of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. It consists of pumice from an explosive eruption that fell over an area about 40 square kilometres. The pumice is of comenditic trachyte composition and reaches a thickness of up to 2 metres along the western edge of Tencho Glacier. The Sheep Track Member was originally defined as the Sheep Track Formation in 1984 and was one of many geological formations comprising the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. However, it was lowered to member rank in 1988 when it became a unit of the Big Raven Formation. The Sheep Track Member has also been called the Sheep Track Pumice due to the member consisting primarily of pumice.

text:
# Sheep Track Member

The **Sheep Track Member** is a stratigraphic unit of the Big Raven Formation, part of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. It consists of pumice from an explosive eruption that fell over an area about 40 square kilometres (15 square miles). The pumice is of comenditic trachyte composition and reaches a thickness of up to 2 metres (6.6 feet) along the western edge of Tencho Glacier.

The Sheep Track Member was originally defined as the Sheep Track Formation in 1984 and was one of many geological formations comprising the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. However, it was lowered to member rank in 1988 when it became a unit of the Big Raven Formation. The Sheep Track Member has also been called the Sheep Track Pumice due to the member consisting primarily of pumice.

## History

The Sheep Track Member was initially ranked as a geological formation by Jack Souther, Richard Lee Armstrong and J. Harakal in 1984 who grouped it together with the Big Raven Formation in their descriptions and mapping. Formerly called the Sheep Track Formation, it was reassigned as a member of the Big Raven Formation by Jack Souther in 1988; its recognition as a geological formation has since been abandoned. Sheep Track Pumice has been used as an alternative name for the Sheep Track Member by Natural Resources Canada and the Geological Association of Canada.

During its time as a geological formation in 1984, it was one of 15 geological formations comprising the Mount Edziza volcanic complex in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. In 1988, the number of geological formations comprising the Mount Edziza volcanic complex dropped to 13 when the Sheep Track and Kounugu formations were reassigned as members of the Big Raven and Nido formations, respectively.

## Stratigraphy

Stratigraphically, the Sheep Track Member is a minor unit of the Big Raven Formation, covering area of about 40 square kilometres (15 square miles) with a total volume of less than 1 cubic kilometre (0.24 cubic miles). It was deposited on nearly all Snowshoe Lava Field flows and cinder cones of the Big Raven Formation, as well as on sediment of the surrounding Big Raven Plateau. The Sheep Track Member was also deposited on Koosick Bluff of the Ice Peak Formation and on Kakiddi Formation trachyte from Punch Cone on the western flank of Ice Peak. Both the Ice Peak and Kakiddi formations are older units of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex that were deposited about one million and 0.3 million years ago, respectively. Erosion has largely removed the Sheep Track Member from drainage channels of small intermittent streams on the upper Big Raven Plateau, but deposits as much as 2 metres (6.6 feet) thick occur in interfluvial areas.

## Lithology

The Sheep Track Member is lithologically distinct from the rest of the Big Raven Formation, consisting mainly of comenditic trachyte that straddles near the alkalineperalkaline boundary. It is in the form of air-fall pumice which reaches a thickness of up to 2 metres (6.6 feet) along the western edge of Tencho Glacier where snowball-sized pumice fragments up to 10 centimetres (3.9 inches) wide are distributed over an area of several square kilometres. The pumice rapidly decreases to pea-sized fragments around the margins of the pile, covering a circular area at least 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) in diameter. Thin drifts of wind-blown pumice cover The Saucer in the Snowshoe Lava Field which likely postdates the deposition of the Sheep Track Member.

Pumice of the Sheep Track Member comprises clear trachytic glass with tubular, open vesicles; alkali feldspar is in the form of rare microphenocrysts. It is compositionally distinct from the Finlay tephras which may have originated from Level Mountain, Hoodoo Mountain, Heart Peaks or the Mount Edziza volcanic complex.

## Source

class=notpageimage|Location of the Sheep Track Member in British Columbia, Canada

The Sheep Track Member was deposited by a small but violent VEI-3 eruption from the southwestern flank of Ice Peak near the end of the Big Raven eruptive period. The vent location for this eruption remains unknown but it is probably hidden under Tencho Glacier, the largest glacier of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. An artifact of the Sheep Track eruption may lie north of Coffee Crater where a deep, circular depression is present on the surface of the glacier. This depression may be caused by subglacial melting brought on by fumaroles, hot springs or heightened ground temperatures adjacent to the vent.

## Age

The Sheep Track Member is absent within the trim lines of Mount Edziza's alpine glaciers, indicating that it was deposited by the Sheep Track eruption during the last glacial advance starting about 2,600 years ago. However, Sheep Track pumice is present on the subglacial volcano of Tennena Cone which suggests that glaciers of the last glacial advance had already begun to retreat before deposition. Fission track dating of pumice on the southwestern flank of Ice Peak has yielded an age of 950 CE ± 6000 years.

### Sources

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Sheep Track Member | |
| --- | --- |
| Stratigraphic range: Holocene
 | |
| Type | Geological member |
| Unit of | Big Raven Formation |
| Overlies | Snowshoe Lava Field, Ice Peak Formation, Kakiddi Formation |
| Area | About 40 square kilometres (15 square miles) |
| Thickness | Up to 2 metres (6.6 feet) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Comenditic trachyte |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 57°38′N 130°40′W / 57.64°N 130.67°W / 57.64; -130.67 |
| Region | British Columbia |
| Country | Canada |
| Type section | |
| Named by | Souther, 1988 |
|
Location in Mount Edziza Provincial Park | |


title: Saporta

abstract:
Saporta is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
  - Antoine de Saporta (1855–1914), French aristocrat and non-fiction writer
  - Gabe Saporta, Uruguayan American musician and entrepreneur
  - Gaston de Saporta (1823–1895), French aristocrat, palaeobotanist and non-fiction writer
  - Ishak Saporta, management researcher in Tel Aviv University and social-democrat activist
  - Karine Saporta, French choreographer, dancer, photographer and short film director
  - Raimundo Saporta (1926–1997), Spanish basketball administrator

text:
# Saporta

**Saporta** (Catalan: Ça Porta) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

* Antoine de Saporta (1855–1914), French aristocrat and non-fiction writer
* Gabe Saporta (born 1979), Uruguayan American musician and entrepreneur
* Gaston de Saporta (1823–1895), French aristocrat, palaeobotanist and non-fiction writer
* Ishak Saporta (born 1957), management researcher in Tel Aviv University and social-democrat activist
* Karine Saporta (born 1950), French choreographer, dancer, photographer and short film director
* Raimundo Saporta (1926–1997), Spanish basketball administrator


title: Capys bamptoni

abstract: Capys bamptoni is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Sudan.

text:
# Capys bamptoni

***Capys bamptoni*** is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Sudan (the Imatong and Didinga mountains).

## InfoBox

| *Capys bamptoni* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Lycaenidae |
| Genus: | *Capys* |
| Species: | ***C. bamptoni*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Capys bamptoni***<br>Henning & Henning, 1988 | |
|