title: Stéphane Auger

abstract: Stéphane Auger is a former National Hockey League (NHL) referee who wore uniform number 15. Auger began his career as an official at the age of 16 as a part-time job in the winter. He began officiating provincial midget hockey and moved up to the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League before turning to the professional ranks. He joined the National Hockey League Officials Association in 1994 and officiated his first NHL game on April 1, 2000, a game between the Chicago Blackhawks and host New York Islanders. He officiated over 500 NHL games in his career, including 10 playoff games. The NHL announced Auger's retirement on June 15, 2012, amid speculation that he had been pushed out by the league.

text:
# Stéphane Auger

**Stéphane Auger** (born December 9, 1970, in Montreal, Quebec) is a former National Hockey League (NHL) referee who wore uniform number 15. Auger began his career as an official at the age of 16 as a part-time job in the winter. He began officiating provincial midget hockey and moved up to the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League before turning to the professional ranks. He joined the National Hockey League Officials Association in 1994 and officiated his first NHL game on April 1, 2000, a game between the Chicago Blackhawks and host New York Islanders. He officiated over 500 NHL games in his career, including 10 playoff games. The NHL announced Auger's retirement on June 15, 2012, amid speculation that he had been pushed out by the league.

## Controversy

Auger has been caught up numerous times in on-ice controversy. In an NHL game on December 13, 2005, in Montreal, he assessed Phoenix Coyotes captain Shane Doan a misconduct penalty after concluding he verbally abused an official and made culturally insensitive comments against the referees, who were French-Canadian. The NHL reviewed the allegations against Doan and concluded that they were baseless.

After a game on January 11, 2010, Vancouver Canucks forward Alexandre Burrows accused Auger of having a personal vendetta resulting from an incident in a previous game. Burrows stated that Auger told him before the game that he was going to "get him back" for making the official look bad previously. Burrows received four penalties in the third period of the game, a Vancouver loss against the Nashville Predators. The league investigated Burrows' claims and concluded that they could not be substantiated, while stating that "Referee Auger’s intentions were beyond reproach."

On March 12, 2011, numerous Islanders players accused Auger of conspiracy, saying they felt the officials saw the Devils' playoff run as more important than their own playoff push. There was a large discrepancy regarding power-play time. A New Jersey Devils player was insulting the Islanders coach and his assistants during the game and the player was not punished for his actions. Additionally, when Alternate Captain Frans Nielsen spoke to Auger about what was going on, he was given what was the first game misconduct penalty of his career. Islanders interim coach Jack Capuano stated that he requested but received no explanation from Auger on the Nielsen penalty, citing difficulty engaging the officiating crew throughout the entire game. On March 13, 2011, the NHL Senior Vice President and Director of Officiating Terry Gregson confirmed to Newsday that the NHL was indeed looking into this matter.

## InfoBox

| Stéphane Auger | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Stéphane Auger
(1970-12-09) December 9, 1970
Montreal, Quebec |
| Occupation | Former NHL referee |


title: Physaloptera hispida

abstract: Physaloptera hispida is a parasitic nematode in the genus Physaloptera. It has been found on the marsh rice rat, hispid cotton rat, Florida mouse, cotton mouse, and oldfield mouse in Florida.

text:
# Physaloptera hispida

***Physaloptera hispida*** is a parasitic nematode in the genus *Physaloptera*. It has been found on the marsh rice rat (*Oryzomys palustris*), hispid cotton rat (*Sigmodon hispidus*), Florida mouse (*Podomys floridanus*), cotton mouse (*Peromyscus gossypinus*), and oldfield mouse (*Peromyscus polionotus*) in Florida.

1. Kinsella, 1974, p. 9; 1988, table 1; 1991, tables 1–3

## Literature cited

* Kinsella, J.M. 1974. Comparison of helminth parasites of the cotton rat, *Sigmodon hispidus*, from several habitats in Florida. *American Museum Novitates* 2540:1–12.
* Kinsella, J.M. 1988. Comparison of helminths of rice rats, *Oryzomys palustris*, from freshwater and saltwater marshes in Florida. *Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington* 55(2):275–280.
* Kinsella, J.M. 1991. Comparison of helminths of three species of mice, *Podomys floridanus*, *Peromyscus gossypinus*, and *Peromyscus polionotus*, from southern Florida. *Canadian Journal of Zoology* 39:3078–3083.

## InfoBox

| *Physaloptera hispida* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Nematoda |
| Class: | Chromadorea |
| Order: | Rhabditida |
| Family: | Physalopteridae |
| Genus: | *Physaloptera* |
| Species: | ***P. hispida*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Physaloptera hispida***<br>Schell, 1952 | |
|


title: Dance with The Shadows

abstract: Dance with The Shadows is a 1964 rock album by British instrumental group The Shadows. It was their third album. It reached number 2 in the album charts. The album was also released as a double-album with The Sound of The Shadows by MFP in the 1980s.

text:
# Dance with The Shadows

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***Dance with The Shadows*** is a 1964 rock album by British instrumental (and sometimes vocal) group The Shadows. It was their third album. It reached number 2 in the album charts. The album was also released as a double-album with *The Sound of The Shadows* by MFP in the 1980s.

## Track listing

Side one
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Chattanooga Choo Choo" | Mack Gordon, Harry Warren | 02:27 |
| 2. | "Blue Shadows" | Brian Bennett, Brian "Licorice" Locking, Hank Marvin, Bruce Welch | 02:24 |
| 3. | "Fandango" | Johnny Bradford, Frank Perkins | 02:27 |
| 4. | "Tonight" (from West Side Story) | Leonard Bernstein, Stephen Sondheim | 02:25 |
| 5. | "That's the Way It Goes" (Lead vocal by Hank Marvin) | Hank Marvin, Bruce Welch | 01:59 |
| 6. | "Big 'B'" | Brian Bennett | 03:42 |
| 7. | "In The Mood" | Joe Garland, Andy Razaf | 02:20 |
| Total length: | | | 17:44 |

Side two
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Lonely Bull (El Solo Toro)" | Sol Lake | 02:27 |
| 2. | "Dakota" | Alan Braden | 02:09 |
| 3. | "French Dressing" | Brian Bennett | 02:38 |
| 4. | "The High and the Mighty" | Dimitri Tiomkin | 02:34 |
| 5. | "Don't It Make You Feel Good" (Lead vocal by Hank Marvin) | Hank Marvin, Bruce Welch | 02:23 |
| 6. | "Zambesi" | Nico Carstens, Anton De Waal | 02:37 |
| 7. | "Temptation" | Nacio Brown, Arthur Freed | 02:18 |
| Total length: | | | 17:06 |

## Personnel

## Charts

| Chart (1964) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| UK Albums Chart | 2 |

## InfoBox

| Dance With The Shadows | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by The Shadows | |
| Released | May 1964 |
| Genre | Rock |
| Length | 34:50 |
| Label | Columbia (EMI) |
| Producer | Norrie Paramor |
| The Shadows chronology | |
| *Greatest Hits*
(1963) ***Dance With The Shadows***
(1964) *The Sound of The Shadows*
(1965) | |
|  | |
| Alternate cover | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: San Pietro di Sorres

abstract: San Pietro di Sorres is a former cathedral church, now a Benedictine monastery, in Borutta, a village in the province of Sassari, northern Sardinia, Italy. Built in Pisan Romanesque style during the 12th-13th centuries, it was the seat of the now disappeared diocese of Sorres until 1505. Since 1950 the church and the annexed monastery have housed a community of Benedictine monks. The church is located at the top of a volcanic hill in the so-called Meilogu region.

text:
# San Pietro di Sorres

**San Pietro di Sorres** is a former cathedral church (**Sorres Cathedral**), now a Benedictine monastery, in Borutta, a village in the province of Sassari, northern Sardinia, Italy. Built in Pisan Romanesque style during the 12th-13th centuries, it was the seat of the now disappeared diocese of Sorres until 1505. Since 1950 the church and the annexed monastery have housed a community of Benedictine monks.

The church is located at the top of a volcanic hill in the so-called Meilogu region.

## History

The site of San Pietro di Sorres has been inhabited since at least Neolithic times; archaeological excavations have proven the presence of the Carthaginians and the Romans also. The few existing documents attest the presence of a settlement known as *Sorres* here during the 12th century, which was the site of a bishopric. The construction of a cathedral church dedicated to Saint Peter was started in 1171-1178 under bishop Goffredo di Meleduno, and completed in the early 13th century.

Sorres started to decline from the 14th century, after the area fell to the Aragonese. The village was destroyed, with the exception of the cathedral, and the inhabitants were forced to flee to nearby towns, such as Borutta, which became the bishop's residence. The see was abolished in 1505, and was incorporated into the archdiocese of Sassari. The cathedral chapter of San Pietro di Sorres continued to celebrate in the church until all its members died.

Subsequently, the church and its annexed edifices underwent a long period of decay, which was only halted by several restorations in the late 19th century. The church nevertheless remained abandoned until 1947, when it was chosen to house a group of Benedictine monks. New restorations were carried on from 1950 and a neo-Romanesque monastery was built next to it, incorporating the remains of the previous ruined buildings.

The complex received the status of abbey in 1974.

## Description

The church and the monastery occupy a plateau at the top of a hill, at some 540 meters above sea level, behind a large square. The exterior appearance of the church is characterized by the juxtaposition of black (basalt) and light white (sandstone) stones, as typical of Pisan-Lucchese medieval churches. The façade is divided into four horizontal sectors: the three lower sectors (that of the portal and those above it) feature blind arcades and loggias decorated by rhombi, another typical decoration of contemporary Tuscan religious buildings.

On the first step of the portal is the inscription *Mariane maistro*, likely the name ("Master Marianus") of the mason who directed the construction. The sides and the apse are decorated with Lombard bands.

The interior contains a nave and two side-aisles divided by eight cruciform piers, characterized by black and white bands, over which are rounded arches. The nave, covered with cross vaults, is illuminated by several mullioned windows; the wall of the west front has a double mullioned window and an oculus. The north aisle houses a 15th-century sculpture of the Madonna and Child, while at the third pier is a marble pulpit in Gothic style, whose dating is uncertain (perhaps the 14th century).

## Sources

* Coroneo, Roberto (1993). *Architettura Romanica dalla metà del Mille al primo '300*. Nuoro: Ilisso. ISBN 88-85098-24-X.

40°31′13.2″N 8°44′56.3″E / 40.520333°N 8.748972°E / 40.520333; 8.748972


title: Seacliff Park, South Australia

abstract: Seacliff Park is a suburb of Adelaide partly in the City of Marion and the City of Holdfast Bay. The suburb is adjacent to South Brighton in the north, Seaview Downs to the east, Hallett Cove to the south, and Marino and Seacliff on the west. The suburb is divided diagonally by Ocean Road, with the northern part of the suburb mainly residential, and the southern park partly occupied by a golf course and a quarry. Prior to the 1836 British colonisation of South Australia, the area was inhabited by the Kaurna people, who occupied the land from Cape Jervis in the south up the western side of the Fleurieu Peninsula, to Crystal Brook in the north, west to the Mount Lofty Ranges, across to Gulf Saint Vincent, including the Adelaide Plains and city of Adelaide. The Kaurna name for the area was Wita-wattingga, or Wita-wita, was the Kaurna name of an area on the north side of O'Halloran Hill, which was then covered in low woodland of Eucalyptus porosa and/or Eucalyptus odorata known as mallee peppermint gums. The forested area named thus included the north-western slopes at South Brighton and Seaview Downs, across to Seacliff Park, and probably also included the area across the hill nearly as far as the present Main South Road as well as westwards as far as the eastern slopes of Marino. The place name was recorded in 1837 as "Weta wertinga", although its meaning, "in the midst of peppermint gums" was only recorded later. The name may have been a generic name applied to other places with peppermint gums; a similar name, Witawatang, was also applied to an area near Rapid Bay. Seacliff Park Post Office opened on 15 January 1995, replacing the nearby South Brighton office. In the 2016 Australian census, there were 2,439 people living in Seacliff Park.

text:
# Seacliff Park, South Australia

**Seacliff Park** is a suburb of Adelaide partly in the City of Marion and the City of Holdfast Bay. The suburb is adjacent to South Brighton in the north, Seaview Downs to the east, Hallett Cove to the south, and Marino and Seacliff on the west. The suburb is divided diagonally by Ocean Road, with the northern part of the suburb mainly residential, and the southern park partly occupied by a golf course and a quarry.

Prior to the 1836 British colonisation of South Australia, the area was inhabited by the Kaurna people, who occupied the land from Cape Jervis in the south up the western side of the Fleurieu Peninsula, to Crystal Brook in the north, west to the Mount Lofty Ranges, across to Gulf Saint Vincent, including the Adelaide Plains and city of Adelaide.

The Kaurna name for the area was Wita-wattingga, or Wita-wita, was the Kaurna name of an area on the north side of O'Halloran Hill, which was then covered in low woodland of *Eucalyptus porosa* and/or *Eucalyptus odorata* known as mallee peppermint gums. The forested area named thus included the north-western slopes at South Brighton and Seaview Downs, across to Seacliff Park, and probably also included the area across the hill nearly as far as the present Main South Road as well as westwards as far as the eastern slopes of Marino. The place name was recorded in 1837 as "Weta wertinga", although its meaning, "in the midst of peppermint gums" was only recorded later. The name may have been a generic name applied to other places with peppermint gums; a similar name, *Witawatang*, was also applied to an area near Rapid Bay.

Seacliff Park Post Office opened on 15 January 1995, replacing the nearby South Brighton office.

In the 2016 Australian census, there were 2,439 people living in Seacliff Park.

35°01′52″S 138°31′55″E / 35.031°S 138.532°E / -35.031; 138.532

## InfoBox

| Seacliff Park<br>Adelaide, South Australia | |
| --- | --- |
| Population | 2,644 (SAL 2021) |
| Postcode(s) | 5049 |
| LGA(s) |  |
| State electorate(s) | Black |
| Federal division(s) | Boothby |
| **Suburbs around Seacliff Park:**  Seacliff South Brighton Dover Gardens  Kingston Park Seacliff Park Seaview Downs  Marino Hallett Cove Trott Park | |


abstract:
Éverard III, son of Hugh I of Le Puiset and Alice of Montlhéry. Seigneur of Puiset and Viscount of Chartres. Éverard was in the army of Hugh the Great, that of Stephen of Blois, and then joined with Robert II, Count of Flanders, in the First Crusade. He was instrumental in rallying troops during the siege of Jerusalem and was killed after the capture of Jerusalem. Éverard married Adelaide, Countess of Corbeil, daughter of Bouchard II, Count of Corbeil, and Adeliade de Crécy, Éverard and Adelaide had two children:
  - Gilduin
  - Hugh III, lord of Puiset, Count of Corbeil, Viscount of Chartres, married Agnes of Blois Upon his death, Éverard was succeeded by his son Hugh as Count of Corbeil.

text:
# Éverard III of Puiset, Viscount of Chartres

**Éverard III** (killed in Palestine on 21 August 1099), son of Hugh I of Le Puiset and Alice of Montlhéry (daughter of Guy I, lord of Montlhéry). Seigneur of Puiset and Viscount of Chartres.

Éverard was in the army of Hugh the Great, that of Stephen of Blois, and then joined with Robert II, Count of Flanders, in the First Crusade. He was instrumental in rallying troops during the siege of Jerusalem and was killed after the capture of Jerusalem.

Éverard married Adelaide, Countess of Corbeil, daughter of Bouchard II, Count of Corbeil, and Adeliade de Crécy, Éverard and Adelaide had two children:

* Gilduin
* Hugh III (d. 1132), lord of Puiset, Count of Corbeil, Viscount of Chartres, married Agnes of Blois

Upon his death, Éverard was succeeded by his son Hugh as Count of Corbeil.

## Sources

* Hodgson, Natasha R. (2007). *Women, Crusading and the Holy Land in Historical Narrative*. The Boydell Press.
* La Monte, John L. (January 1942). "The Lords of Le Puiset on the Crusades". *Speculum*. JSTOR 2856610
* LoPrete, Kimberly A. (2007). *Adela of Blois: Countess and Lord (c.1067-1137)*. Four Courts Press.


title: Cachito (Nat King Cole song)

abstract: "Cachito" is song composed by Mexican songwriter Consuelo Velázquez in 1957. It was popularized in a 1958 recording by Nat King Cole. Cole included the track as first track on the Capitol Records LP Cole Español. Capitol also released "Cachito" as a single in Spain and Latin America. In Colombia, it was popularized by Matilde Díaz.

text:
# Cachito (Nat King Cole song)

**"Cachito"** is song composed by Mexican songwriter Consuelo Velázquez in 1957. It was popularized in a 1958 recording by Nat King Cole. Cole included the track as first track on the Capitol Records LP *Cole Español*. Capitol also released "Cachito" as a single in Spain and Latin America. In Colombia, it was popularized by Matilde Díaz.

## Composition

Consuelo Velázquez wrote the music and lyrics of the song in 1957. It was dedicated to her second son, Mariano Rivera Velázquez, whom she had with Mariano Rivera Conde, director of RCA Victor Mexico. Previously, she had dedicated the song "Chiqui" to her first son Sergio.

Despite the gentle nature of the lyrics ("Cachito mío", meaning "my little thing", in reference to Consuelo's baby), the song was banned from airplay in Spain by the Francoist regime, together with other *canciones* such as "Bésame Mucho", Velázquez's biggest hit.

## InfoBox

| "Cachito" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Nat King Cole | |
| from the album  *Cole Español* | |
| Language | Spanish |
| Released | 1958 (1958) |
| Recorded | June 9, 1957 |
| Studio | Panart Studios, Havana; Capitol Studios, Los Angeles |
| Genre | Canción |
| Label | Capitol |
| Songwriter(s) | Consuelo Velázquez |


title: QKI

abstract: Quaking homolog, KH domain RNA binding (mouse), also known as QKI, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the QKI gene. QKI belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins called STAR proteins for Signal Transduction and Activation of RNA. They have an HNRNPK homology (KH) domain embedded in a 200-amino acid region called the GSG domain. Other members of this family include SAM68 (KHDRBS1) and SF1. Two more new members are KHDRBS3 and KHDRBS2. The QKI gene is implicated as being important in schizophrenia, and QKI controls translation of many oligodendrocyte-related genes.

text:
# QKI

**Quaking homolog, KH domain RNA binding (mouse)**, also known as **QKI**, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the *QKI* gene.

QKI belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins called STAR proteins for **S**ignal **T**ransduction and **A**ctivation of **R**NA. They have an HNRNPK homology (KH) domain embedded in a 200-amino acid region called the GSG domain. Other members of this family include SAM68 (KHDRBS1) and SF1 . Two more new members are KHDRBS3 and KHDRBS2.

The QKI gene is implicated as being important in schizophrenia, and QKI controls translation of many oligodendrocyte-related genes.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| QKI | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Available structures  PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | QKI, Hqk, QK, QK1, QK3, hqkI, KH domain containing, RNA binding, KH domain containing RNA binding | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 609590; MGI: 97837; HomoloGene: 11059; GeneCards: QKI; OMA:QKI - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_001301085
NM\_006775
NM\_206853
NM\_206854
NM\_206855   NM\_001159516
NM\_001159517
NM\_021881   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001288014
NP\_006766
NP\_996735
NP\_996736
NP\_996737   NP\_001152988
NP\_001152989
NP\_068681   Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 163.41 – 163.58 Mb Chr 17: 10.42 – 10.54 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: County administrator

abstract: A county administrator or county manager is an unelected official appointed to be the chief administrative officer of a county in the United States. They are usually nominated by the county executive and appointed by the county council. This position is analogous to a city manager at the county-level. In some counties, the equivalent position is the county executive or county chief administrative officer (CAO) in some counties, and county judge in others. The term "county manager," as opposed to CAO, implies more discretion and independent authority that is set forth in a charter or some other body of codified law, as opposed to duties being assigned on a varying basis to a single superior such as a county commissioner. The International City/County Management Association (ICMA) is the professional association for county administrators.

text:
# County administrator

A **county administrator** or **county manager** is an unelected official appointed to be the chief administrative officer of a county in the United States. They are usually nominated by the county executive and appointed by the county council. This position is analogous to a city manager at the county-level.

In some counties, the equivalent position is the county executive (although this term is sometimes used to refer to a directly or indirectly elected official, and not a hired employee) or county chief administrative officer (CAO) in some counties, and county judge in others. The term "county manager," as opposed to CAO, implies more discretion and independent authority that is set forth in a charter or some other body of codified law, as opposed to duties being assigned on a varying basis to a single superior such as a county commissioner.

The International City/County Management Association (ICMA) is the professional association for county administrators.

## History

The county administrator/manager, operating under the council-manager government form, was created in part to remove county government from the power of the political parties, and place management of the county into the hands of an outside expert who was usually a business manager or engineer, with the hope that the county manager would remain neutral to county politics.

## Responsibilities

As the top appointed official in the county, the county administrator/manager is typically responsible for most if not all of the day-to-day administrative operations of the county, in addition to other expectations.

Some of the basic roles, responsibilities, and powers of a county administrator/manager include:

* Supervision of day-to-day operations of all county departments and staff, directly and through department heads;
* Oversight of hiring, firing, disciplining and suspensions of all county employees;
* Preparation, monitoring, and execution of the county budget, which includes submitting each year to the council a proposed budget package with options and recommendations for its consideration and possible approval;
* Main technical advisor to the council on overall governmental operations;
* Public relations, such as meeting with citizens, citizen groups, businesses, and other stakeholders (the presence of a county commissioner may alter this function somewhat);
* Operating the county with a professional understanding of how all county functions operate together to their best effect;
* Attends all council meetings, but does not have any voting rights
* Additional duties that may be assigned by the council

The responsibilities may vary depending upon charter provisions and other local or state laws, rules, and regulations.

## Profile

Today the typical and preferred background and education for the beginning county manager is a Master of Public Administration (MPA) or other master's degree in public administration and at least several years’ experience as a department head in local government or as an assistant county manager. The average tenure of a manager is now 7–8 years and has risen gradually over the years. Tenures tend to be less in smaller communities and higher in larger ones, and they tend to vary as well depending on the region of the country.


title: Ryan Toby

abstract: Ryan Toby is an American singer-songwriter, record producer and actor. He first gained popularity for his appearance in the film Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit (1993). He is best known as a member of the Grammy Award-nominated R&B trio City High.

text:
# Ryan Toby

**Ryan Toby** (born November 26, 1976) is an American singer-songwriter, record producer and actor. He first gained popularity for his appearance in the film *Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit* (1993). He is best known as a member of the Grammy Award-nominated R&B trio City High.

## Career

### 1993–1997: Film debut and songwriting

In 1993, Toby was cast as singing student Ahmal in *Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit*, director Bill Duke's sequel to the 1992 comedy film *Sister Act*. While the film would gain a cult following as it was starting to play on television, it was initially considered a box office flop compared to the first one. Five years after the film, Toby was still struggling to secure a solo recording deal. He was eventually signed to DJ Jazzy Jeff's A Touch of Jazz production company and began work on his debut album. Through Jeff, he came into contact with rapper Will Smith who asked him to pen songs for his debut solo album *Big Willie Style* (1997), including the top ten single "Miami." While his own debut album failed to materialize, Toby remained with Jeff after the success of *Big Willie Style* to work with inhouse producers Andre Harris and Vidal Davis from duo Dre & Vidal and Carvin & Ivan on material for others artists, including Jill Scott, Musiq Soulchild, Glenn Lewis, and Floetry.

### 1998–2003: City High

In late 1998, Toby ran into his former manager, Marvin Thompson. Thompson introduced him to Robbie Pardlo who had recently signed to Interscope Records via The Fugees member Wyclef Jean's Booga Basement label. Pardlo asked him to do some writing for his debut project. After bumping into Jean during the recording sessions of Whitney Houston's "My Love Is Your Love" (1999), he suggested them to form a two-man group. Soon after the duo began to work on their album. In order to stand out, Jean and Jerry Duplessis decided to add a female member. They chose Claudette Ortiz who had also attended Willingboro High School and was initially expected just to be featured on some of their hooks.

During production, all three members participated in writing songs for the album, though Toby did most of the writing, and Pardlo did most of the production, given that Ortiz was just 16 years old. While their debut single, "What Would You Do?," was originally featured on the soundtrack to the 1999 film *Life*, the track was not formally released as a single until March 2001. This helped with the sale of the trio's debut album *City High*, which would a became a hit upon its May 2001, achieving Gold status within four months. Toby, Oritz, and Pardlo finished work on a second album; however, the group disbanded in 2003, failing to release another album despite their debut's success.

### 2004–present: Solo career

Shortly before City High broke up, Toby received a call from Andre Harris who persuaded Toby to join him and Vidal Davis at their new recording studio in Philadelphia to work on new material. One of their first collaborations was a song titled "Superstar" which would later be recorded by Usher for his fourth studio album *Confessions* (2004). The trio worked on four additional songs for the project, two of which also ended up on the album. The success of *Confessions* would lead to further work with musicians Mary J. Blige, Justin Bieber, Chris Brown, Ginuwine, Tyrese, LL Cool J, and Lionel Richie. In 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Toby released as series of albums, called *Songs for the Lockdown*, as well as a Christmas album named *Songs for the Season*.

## Personal life

In 2004, Toby married Ortiz, who had previously dated Pardlo. They divorced in 2007, and share two sons.

## Discography

### Studio albums

* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 1* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 2* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 3* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 4* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 5* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 6* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 7* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 8* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 9* (2020)
* *Songs for the Lockdown, Vol. 10* (2020)
* *Songs for the Season* (2020)

## Selected filmography

## InfoBox

| Maurice Ryan Toby | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1976-11-26) November 26, 1976<br>Willingboro, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Occupations | * Singer * songwriter * record producer * actor |
| Years active | 1993–present |
| Labels | Interscope Records |


title: Pierre Gillou

abstract: Pierre Gillou was a French tennis player, captain and administrator. Gillou was the manager and non-playing captain of the French Davis Cup team, consisting of Jean Borotra, Jacques Brugnon, Henri Cochet and René Lacoste, collectively known as the Four Musketeers, who won the Davis Cup in 1927 and successfully defended it from 1928 until 1932. As a promotor and investor Gillou played an important role in the creation of the Stade Roland Garros which opened in 1928. He became president of the national French tennis association, Fédération Française de Tennis (FFT) in 1930 after the death of Albert Canet and was also president of the omnisport club Racing Club de France in Paris. At the time of his death in 1953 he was the vice-president of the International Tennis Federation (ITF). From 1953 until 1978 the trophy awarded to the winner of the men's singles at the French Open was called the "Coupe Pierre-Gillou" in his honour. His annual ranking of the world best tennis players, issued from the early 1930s until his death, was regarded as authoritative.

text:
# Pierre Gillou

**Pierre Gillou** (17 September 1880 – 3 January 1953) was a French tennis player, captain and administrator.

Gillou was the manager and non-playing captain of the French Davis Cup team, consisting of Jean Borotra, Jacques Brugnon, Henri Cochet and René Lacoste, collectively known as the Four Musketeers, who won the Davis Cup in 1927 and successfully defended it from 1928 until 1932.

As a promotor and investor Gillou played an important role in the creation of the Stade Roland Garros which opened in 1928.

He became president of the national French tennis association, Fédération Française de Tennis (FFT) in 1930 after the death of Albert Canet and was also president of the omnisport club Racing Club de France in Paris. At the time of his death in 1953 he was the vice-president of the International Tennis Federation (ITF). From 1953 until 1978 the trophy awarded to the winner of the men's singles at the French Open was called the "Coupe Pierre-Gillou" in his honour.

His annual ranking of the world best tennis players, issued from the early 1930s until his death, was regarded as authoritative.

## Family

Gillou was the older brother of Antoinette Gillou and Kate Gillou and an uncle to Antoine Gentien, all tennis players.

1. "Pierre Gillou dead". *Cairns Post*. 5 January 1953. p. 2  via Trove.
2. "La personnalité de Pierre Gillou". *Le Monde* (in French). 7 January 1953.
3. "Australia to Meet Italy in Davis Cup Tennis". *Weekly Times*. 14 April 1928. p. 72  via Trove. M. Pierre Gillou, manager and non-playing captain of the French team \[...\]
4. Julien Pichené (29 October 2020). "Pierre Gillou, Roland-Garros lui doit tant !" (in French). Fédération Française de Tennis (FFT).

## InfoBox

Pierre Gillou
| Gillou in 1941 | |
| --- | --- |
| Country (sports) | France |
| Born | (1880-09-17)17 September 1880
Paris, France |
| Died | 3 January 1953(1953-01-03) (aged 72)
Paris, France |


title: Dance with Me Tonight

abstract: "Dance with Me Tonight" is a single by English singer-songwriter Olly Murs, taken from his second studio album, In Case You Didn't Know. It was released as the album's second single on 18 November 2011 and was written by Murs, Claude Kelly and Steve Robson. The song stayed at number two in the UK for two consecutive weeks before finally giving Murs his third UK number-one single in December 2011. The track was released as the album's third single across Europe in November 2012, and as with his previous European single "Oh My Goodness" will receive a CD release that was absent in the UK. In August 2013 a new version of the song was released as the third single from the US version of Right Place, Right Time.

text:
# Dance with Me Tonight

"**Dance with Me Tonight**" is a single by English singer-songwriter Olly Murs, taken from his second studio album, *In Case You Didn't Know*. It was released as the album's second single on 18 November 2011 and was written by Murs, Claude Kelly and Steve Robson.

The song stayed at number two in the UK for two consecutive weeks before finally giving Murs his third UK number-one single in December 2011. The track was released as the album's third single across Europe in November 2012, and as with his previous European single "Oh My Goodness" will receive a CD release that was absent in the UK. In August 2013 a new version of the song was released as the third single from the US version of *Right Place, Right Time*.

## Background and composition

Murs wrote the song with Claude Kelly and Steve Robson in the spring of 2011, following their successful collaborations on the first album including his debut number one, "Please Don't Let Me Go". Lyrically, Murs has said that the song was inspired by his frustration with modern-day dating, in particular the incessant use of social networking websites: "I'm sick of Twitter and Facebook, you know, I want to meet a girl in a club or in a bar. Everytime I meet a girl they're like 'Just add me on Facebook, or Tweet me', and it's like why don't we go out on a proper date like we used to back in the early 2000s, go for a proper drink and get to know her? So I went into the studio and just went, 'OK, I wanna write a really old, classic song about seeing a really fit girl in a club and taking her out on a date.'"

In an interview with *Music Week* in September 2011, he also added that it was the soulful, Motown feel of the song that was to influence the direction of the *In Case You Didn't Know* album as a whole, and that he was keen to reinvent his sound from his previous album: "We had to change slightly and I looked at myself. The ska/reggae vibe put me in a place but I don’t want to be the same artist over and over and over again because people get bored. You have to keep it fresh. We decided the ‘white boy soul’ sound was really me and we wrote 'Dance With Me Tonight', which solidified where we'd go. When we wrote that song we knew that was the direction." The brass section was provided by the Blackjack Horns : Nik Carter – Sax / Jack Birchwood – Trumpet and Steven Fuller – Trombone.

In 2013, the song was nominated for a Ivor Novello award for Most Performed Work.

## Critical reception

The single received mixed reviews from critics upon its release. Hit the Floor magazine awarded it five out of five, calling it a "great do-wop 50s style number that will no doubt reach the uppermost rankings of the chart." Robert Copsey of Digital Spy, however, gave the song three out of five stars. He was most critical of the sound of the song and its lyrics, stating that "the swinging '60s funk-pop sound of his latest effort might not be the most original, and the lyrics are cheesier than a tube of Primula", but praised it for being "unashamedly fun."

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "Dance with Me Tonight" was directed by Marcus Lundin. It was first released onto YouTube on 14 October 2011 at a total length of three minutes and twenty-six seconds.

The video starts with Olly going through a police station and pulling funny poses at a mug shot camera, after being arrested with his friends and another girl. Five hours before the incident, he drives around London in a Peugeot 504 Cabriolet, picking up his best friend and supplies for a street party along the way. In the process of getting the supplies, Olly also invites two young clerks to come along with him. Together they set up the street party with the aim of Olly wooing the girl who was with him in the police station called "Jamie Winter" (played by actress and model Katja Zwara). They dance as a display of fireworks goes off behind them, whilst a more senior female citizen looks out disturbed by the noise, and calls the police. As the video ends Olly and Jamie are arrested by the police revealing what they were arrested for was obviously disturbing the peace.

Filming took place over one day in late August 2011 in Putney, South West London. The iconic Putney Wharf Tower, Putney Bridge, along with parts of Fulham, Fulham Palace Road, Lysia Street and Bishops Park Road are shown as "snapshots" during the course of the video. Mortlake, Waterloo and New Cross were other filming locations.

For the American release Murs released a lyric video which featured clips from his time in America and fans dancing.

## Live performances

On 27 November 2011, Murs performed "Dance with Me Tonight" for the first time on *The X Factor* results show. He performed with The Muppets, and the studio version of this performance was featured as a bonus track on the UK version of the soundtrack for the new *The Muppets* that was released in UK cinemas in February 2012. Murs also performed the song for his special for Channel 4's *The Album Chart Show* on 4 December 2011, *MTV Live Sessions* on 11 December 2011, and on RTÉ One's *The Late Late Toy Show* on 2 December 2011, and acoustically for T4 show *Sunday Brunch* on 18 December 2011. The track was also performed in April 2012 on the Channel 4 show *Hit the Road Jack*, hosted by comedian Jack Whitehall. Murs' first American TV performance of the song was on *Good Morning America* on 28 September 2012, where he also performed "Heart Skips a Beat". On 18 January 2020, Murs performed the song on *The Voice UK* during a surprise performance with fellow judge Meghan Trainor, alongside Trainor's notably similar song "Dear Future Husband".

## Chart performance

"Dance with Me Tonight" debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number two on 27 November 2011, behind Rihanna and Calvin Harris' collaborative single "We Found Love", which spent a sixth non-consecutive week at number one. The following week saw the single remain at number two, this time behind *The X Factor* finalists with "Wishing on a Star" featuring JLS and One Direction. On its third charting week, 11 December, the single climbed to number-one, marking Murs' third number-one single after "Please Don't Let Me Go" (2010) and "Heart Skips a Beat" (2011).

It had by this point sold over 200,000 copies before reaching the top of the UK chart – more than any other number one single that year. It spent 8 weeks inside the UK top 10, and a total of 20 weeks inside the UK top 40, making it one of his most successful singles in the UK to date. It also topped the UK radio airplay chart for six weeks between December 2011 and January 2012, and became his highest charting solo single to date in Ireland, peaking at number two.

In August 2013, the song was used as the theme tune to ITV dancing show *Stepping Out* and was sung by the show's house band.

As of May 2014 the song has been used in an advert for Kinder Chocolate bars.

Japanese singer Akiko Wada recorded a cover of the song for her 2015 album WADASOUL.

It is also featured on Disney's Have a Laugh!'s Re-Micks episode.

During the months of November and December 2021, the song began to trend on the social media platform TikTok with users doing a particular dance routine to the song.

## Track listing

Digital EP
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | ""Dance with Me Tonight"" | 3:23 |
| 2. | ""Dance with Me Tonight"" (Cagedbaby Radio Edit) | 3:53 |
| 3. | ""Dance with Me Tonight"" (Billionaire Remix) | 5:13 |
| 4. | ""Baby Blue Eyes"" | 3:36 |

CD single
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Dance with Me Tonight" | 3:23 |
| 2. | "Baby Blue Eyes" | 3:36 |

## Charts

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000 |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Gold | 45,000 |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | 2× Platinum | 1,200,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ireland | 18 November 2011 | Digital download | Epic Records, Syco Music |
| United Kingdom | | | |
| Germany | 23 November 2012 | CD single | |
| United States | 20 August 2013 | Digital download | Columbia Records |

## InfoBox

| "Dance with Me Tonight" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Olly Murs | |
| from the album  *In Case You Didn't Know and Right Place Right Time (US version)* | |
| B-side | "Baby Blue Eyes" |
| Released | 18 November 2011 (2011-11-18) |
| Recorded | 2011 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 3:23 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Steve Robson |
| Olly Murs singles chronology | |
| "Heart Skips a Beat"
(2011) "**Dance with Me Tonight**"
(2011) "Oh My Goodness"
(2012) | |


title: 2010–11 Persibo Bojonegoro season

text:
# 2010–11 Persibo Bojonegoro season

The 2010–11 season is Persibo Bojonegoro's 1st season that the club play in the Indonesia Super League, the top division of Indonesian football, and subsequently defect to Liga Primer Indonesia, an independent professional competition for football clubs in Indonesia.

## Review and events

Bojonegoro is 2009–10 Premier Division champions, under supervision of the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI). The club got promoted from Premier Division to Indonesian Super League.

Bojonegoro had played in Super League, but no wins in six games.

### ISL Results summary

| Overall | | | | | | | | Home | | | | | | Away | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 6 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 9 | −5 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | −2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 5 | −3 |

Last updated: start of season.
Source: Liga Indonesia

### ISL Results by round

| Round | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ground | H | H | A | A | H | H | H | A | H | A | A | H | H | A | A | H | A | H | A | H | H | A | H | A | A | H | A | H | H | A | H | A | H | A |
| Result | D | L | L | L | D | L |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Position | 8 | 13 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Updated to match(es) played on 30 April 2011. Source: Liga Indonesia
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss

### IPL

In late 2010, Bojonegoro withdrew from 2010 to 2011 Indonesia Super League and move to 2011 Liga Primer Indonesia. Bojonegoro played their first game against Batavia Union on 9 January 2011, in a 0–2 loss at home.

Liga Primer Indonesia officials revealed Samsul Arif was a marquee signing, who sat outside the club's Liga Primer Indonesia salary cap.

## Squad

As of *30 April 2011*, according to the *IPL official website*. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  1 GK  IDN Rendra Pratama  2 DF  IDN Novan Sasongko  3 DF  IDN Achmad Sumardi  4 MF  IDN Ahmad Sholeh  5 DF  BRA Carlos Bizarro  6 DF  IDN Muhammad Hamzah  7 FW  SYR Muhammad Albicho  9 FW  IDN Samsul Arif  10 MF  BRA Wallacer de Andrade  13 DF  IDN Akhmad Tuansyah (captain)  15 MF  IDN Iswandi  16 MF  IDN Jajang Paliyama | No. Pos. Nation Player  17 MF  IDN Mohamad Irfan  18 FW  BRA Tiago Nunez da Silva  19 FW  IDN Dicky Firasat  20 DF  JPN Tatsuya Kuroda  23 DF  IDN Aang Suparman  24 DF  IDN Friyan Yuono  27 MF  IDN Mochammad Huda  29 GK  IDN Susanto  50 GK  IDN Wahyudi  81 FW  CHN Li Zhixing  88 MF  IDN Nurhidayat  99 MF  KOR Kim Kang-hyun |
| --- | --- |

## Transfers

### In

| Date | Pos. | Name | From | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 22 August 2010 | FW | Dicky Firasat | Persela Lamongan |  |
| 19 August 2010 | GK | Syaifudin | Persebaya |  |
|  | FW | Muhammad Albico | Al-Wahda Damascus |  |

### Out

## InfoBox

Persibo Bojonegoro
| 2010–11 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Chairman | Taufik Risnendar |
| Manager | Sartono Anwar |
| Ground | Letjen Haji Sudirman Stadium |
| LPi | 4th |
|  | |


title: Seacoast Christian Academy

abstract: Seacoast Christian Academy is a private Christian school located in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. Seacoast Christian Academy serves students in prekindergarten through grade 12.

text:
# Seacoast Christian Academy

**Seacoast Christian Academy** is a private Christian school located in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. Seacoast Christian Academy serves students in prekindergarten through grade 12.

## Campus

Seacoast is currently housed in two campuses in the Arlington area of Jacksonville, Florida. Its preschool and elementary buildings, located off the Arlington Expressway. The high school building, located off the Arlington Expressway, has a computer lab, dance studio, art room, chapel, science lab, and large classrooms.

## Curriculum

The high school curriculum is college preparatory focused; several Advanced Placement courses and a dual enrollment program at the South Campus of Florida State College at Jacksonville (FSCJ) are available to students. Seacoast is also accredited through the Association of Christian Schools International. For the 2024-2025 school year, administration has announced that they will be adopting a STEAM program of education: Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics.

## Extracurricular activities

Student activities include dance, drama and music, that are showcased in a performance during the school year at the FSCJ Wilson Center for the Arts. Seacoast's sports teams, known as the Eagles, compete in baseball, softball, women and men's basketball, and volleyball, in the Florida Christian Athletic League. In 2010, Seacoast Christian Academy's high school formed a football team. Former Jacksonville Jaguars tight end Damon Jones (American football) coached the team. The sports scene declined from 2019 to 2021 as there was not enough interest for some sports. In 2022, after four years, baseball was brought back to the school and Seacoast hosted its first soccer team in September 2021. Volleyball and softball are also sports of interest In winter 2022, the 2021-2022 Seacoast Student Council presented the idea of bringing football back to the school. This is currently an idea at this time.

## Future plans

In 2010, Seacoast board of directors announced plans for a major high school campus expansion. Which would include adding a gymnasium, a classroom wing, and softball, baseball, football, and soccer fields. During that same time, the school expects enrollment to rise to around 550 students. Construction has not yet begun. With the development in the surrounding area of the school, it seems that this may not become a reality unless acted upon soon, but available space has decreased dramatically as of March 2022.

## InfoBox

| Seacoast Christian Academy | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 8057 Arlington Expressway
Jacksonville, Florida 32211
United States | |
| Information | |
| School type | Private Christian |
| Established | 1993 |
| Founder | Dwight and Connie Cenac |
| CEEB code | 100777 |
| Administrator | Joette Williams (since June 1, 2022); (2016-2019) |
| Principal | Samuel Gaskins (since July 1, 2024) |
| Teaching staff | 34 (FTE) (as of 2019-20) |
| Grades | K1-12 |
| Enrollment | 338 (2019-20) |
| Average class size | 25 |
| Student to teacher ratio | 11.6 (as of 2007-08) |
| Color(s) | Blue, Yellow and White |
| Athletics | Florida Christian Athletic League |
| Mascot | Eagle |
| Website | www.seacoastchristianacademy.com |


title: John Harrington of Hornby

abstract: Sir John Harrington of Hornby, Lancashire, was a fourteenth-century knight and founder of the medieval Harrington dynasty in the North of England, known as the Harringtons of Farleton and Hornby. They were a cadet branch of the Harringtons of Aldingham, Sir John being the second son of the first Lord Harrington, who died in 1347. At some point he married Katherine Banastre. Sir John the younger held Farleton manor jointly with Katherine for a peppercorn rent of an annual payment of one rose, and suit at his father's court. In 1354, Henry, Duke of Lancaster granted Harrington a lease of a manor in Hornby; Harrington already held Bolton-le-Moors, Chorley, and Aighton, jure uxoris. He died on 1 August 1359: his lands passed in quick succession to his eldest son, Robert, to Robert's brother Thomas, and thence to his Harrington's youngest son Nicholas.

text:
# John Harrington of Hornby

**Sir John Harrington** of Hornby, Lancashire (About 1310 – 1359), was a fourteenth-century knight and founder of the medieval Harrington dynasty in the North of England, known as the Harringtons of Farleton and Hornby. They were a cadet branch of the Harringtons of Aldingham, Sir John being the second son of the first Lord Harrington, who died in 1347. At some point he married Katherine Banastre. Sir John the younger held Farleton manor jointly with Katherine for a peppercorn rent of an annual payment of one rose, and suit at his father's court. In 1354, Henry, Duke of Lancaster granted Harrington a lease of a manor in Hornby; Harrington already held Bolton-le-Moors, Chorley, and Aighton, *jure uxoris*. He died on 1 August 1359: his lands passed in quick succession to his eldest son, Robert, to Robert's brother Thomas (who both died in 1361), and thence to his Harrington's youngest son Nicholas.


title: Sarir

abstract: Sarir or Serir was a medieval Christian state lasting from the 6th or 7th century to the 12th century in the mountainous regions of modern-day Dagestan in southern Russia. Its name is derived from the Arabic word for "throne" and refers to a golden throne that was viewed as a symbol of royal authority.

text:
# Sarir

**Sarir** or **Serir** was a medieval Christian state lasting from the 6th or 7th century to the 12th century in the mountainous regions of modern-day Dagestan in southern Russia. Its name is derived from the Arabic word for "throne" and refers to a golden throne that was viewed as a symbol of royal authority.

## Origin

Sarir was first documented as a political entity in the 6th century AD. The memory of its foundation was transmitted orally among the Caucasian Avars. According to one legend, the kingdom was established by a Persian general who was sent to control the Caucasus by a Sasanian king. This legend is corroborated by the names of local kings, which are normally of Persian or even Syrian etymology.

According to the 10th-century Arab geographer al-Masudi the king of Sarir was a descendant of the 5th-century Sasanian king Bahram V. The first king allegedly arrived in Dagestan as an emissary of Yazdegerd III, bringing with him the Sasanian throne and the imperial treasure after the Sasanian empire had been defeated by the Arabs in the 7th century. To protect the throne he established a hereditary reign. The 9th-century geographer al-Ya'qubi noted that the golden throne of Sarir was a gift of the 6th-century shah Khosrow I Anushirvan. The king of Sarir reportedly titled himself as *sahib al-sarir* ("master of the throne") as well as *khaqan al-jabal* ("khagan of the mountain") and *wahrazan-shah* (possibly "king of the Avars"), titles he had allegedly received from the Sasanian shah. These reports suggest that the kings of Sarir tried to back their authority by claiming a relationship with the Sasanians. During the Iranian Renaissance of the 10th and 11th centuries it was common among both Muslim and Christian rulers of the Iranian world and its periphery to express their legitimacy in reference to the Sasanians.

Sarir bordered the Khazars to the north, the Durdzuks to the west and northwest, the Georgians and Derbent to the south. As the state was Christian, Arab historians erroneously viewed it as a dependency of the Byzantine Empire. The capital of Sarir was the city of Humraj, tentatively identified with the modern-day village Khunzakh. The king resided in a remote fortress at the top of a mountain.

## History

During the Arab–Khazar wars of the 7th and 8th centuries, the kings of Sarir allied themselves with the Khazars. Following the victorious campaign of Merwan ibn Muhammad in 737–739, Sarir was pressed into submitting to the Caliph's authority. It paid tribute and provided men for the Arab garrison of Derbent until the ninth century, when, emboldened by the shift in momentum in the south, Sarir asserted sovereignty over large portions of the Caucasus, including Gumik, Filan and parts of Arran.

As the hegemony of the Caliphate crumbled, Sarir found itself continually at war with its successor states, such as Derbent and Shirvan. In these wars, it was generally victorious and this allowed Sarir to manipulate the politics of Derbent. Concomitantly, the kings of Sarir shifted away from the Khazar alliance and mounted several incursions into the Khazarian steppes. The pattern of intermarriage between the royal houses of Sarir and Alania cemented the anti-Khazar alliance of the two Christian states.

During the early years of the 11th century ruled a certain Bukht Yisho Khosrow. He is known from a silver plate found in a monastery in southwestern Georgia dated to the year 1008 as well as the 11th-century *tarikh al-bab*. The latter mentioned that his daughter married Emir Mansur of Derbent in 1025.

## Disintegration

Alarmed by the growing Christian supremacy in the Caucasus, the Muslim powers of the region pledged mutual assistance against Sarir. Their economic and military pressure, coupled with internal discord, led to the state's disintegration in the early 12th century. In the 13th century, the Caucasian Avars formed a new Muslim state, traditionally known as Avaristan.

## Religion

The ruler of Sarir and the inhabitants of his fortress were reported to be Christians, while the population of the countryside remained pagans. Relics of Christianity, like crosses, churches and Christian burials, are, however, commonly found throughout much of Avaria. The most significant preserved Christian monument is the Datuna Church, which has been dated to the late 10th–early 11th century. Several stone crosses bearing Georgian, Armenian and even Avarian inscriptions have also been noted. Christianity probably arrived via Georgia and had its peak in Avaria contemporary to the Georgian Golden Age in the 10th–12th centuries. Christianity remained dominant until the early 14th century, but eventually disappeared in favour of Islam. Oral traditions recall that the Datuna church was looted by Muslims in around 1475.

## Rulers

* Abuhosro \- (c. mid 8th century)
* Khosro - (c. late 8th century)
* Bukht Yisho I – (c. 903)
* Bukht Yisho II – (c. 1025)
* Takhu – (c. 1065)

## Literature

* Ataev D.M. *Mountainous Dagestan during early Middle Ages (materials of archaeological excavations in Avaria).* Makhachkala, 1963 (Атаев Д.М. *Нагорный Дагестан в раннем средневековье (по материалам археологических раскопок Аварии).* Махачкала, 1963, *In Russian*).
* Casari, Mario (2023). "The Alexander Legend in Persian Literature". *Persian Narrative Poetry in the Classical Era, 800-1500. Romantic and Didactic Genres*. Blomsburry. pp. 378–542.
* Chenciner, Robert; Magomedkhanov, Magomedkhan (2023). *Dagestan - History, Culture, Identity*. Routledge.
* Gasanov, Magomed (2001). "On Christianity in Dagestan". *Iran & the Caucasus*. **5**: 79–84. doi:10.1163/157338401X00080. JSTOR 4030847.
* Khapizov, Sh.M. (2023). "K voprosu o datirovke Datunskogo khrama". *Istoriya, Arkheologiya I Etnografiya Kavkaza* (in Russian). **19, 3**: 610–622.
* Minorsky, Vladimir (1958). *A History of Sharvan and Darband in the 10th-11th Centuries*. W. Heffer & Sons Ltd.
* Tahnaeva P.I. *Christian culture of Medieval Avaria (7th-16th cc.) in context of reconstruction of the political history.* Makhachkala, 2004 (Тахнаева П.И. *Христианская культура средневековой Аварии (VII–XVI вв.) в контексте реконструкции политической истории.* Махачкала, 2004, *In Russian*)
* Vacca, Alison (2017). *Non-Muslim Provinces Under Early Islam. Islamic Rule and Iranian Legitimacy in Armenia and Caucasian Albania*. Cambridge University.
* van Donzel, Emeri; Schmidt, Andrea (2009). *Gog and Magog in Early Eastern Christian and Islamic Sources. Sallam's Quest for Alexander's Wall*. Brill.

## InfoBox

| Sarir | |
| --- | --- |
| ca 500?–12th century | |
|  | |
| Status | Christian state |
| Capital | Humraj |
| Common languages | Avar, other Northeast Caucasian languages |
| Religion | Orthodox Christianity |
| Government | Kingdom |
| History |  |
|  | |
| Established | ca 500? |
| Disestablished | 12th century |
|  | |
|  | |


title: QKENCHANT

abstract: QKENCHANT was a Central Intelligence Agency project used to provide security approvals on non-Agency personnel and facilities.

text:
# QKENCHANT

**QKENCHANT** was a Central Intelligence Agency project used to provide security approvals on non-Agency personnel and facilities.

## The project

In a memorandum to Assassination Records Review Board, dated 18 September 1998, Central Intelligence Agency states the following:

QKENCHANT was the name of a \[Central Intelligence\] Agency project used to provide security approvals on non-Agency personnel and facilities.

In a memorandum for "JFK Declassification Project of CIA, dated 27 February 1998, the \[redacted\] sender entity states:

QKENCHANT was a project for obtaining clearances, that is, Provisional Covert Security Approvals (PCSA) and Covert Security Approvals (CSA), with the office of security in connection with the acquisition of Directorate of Operations guidelines require that a PCSA/CSA be obtained in most instances before a \<redacted\> entity can be used as a \<redacted\>.

## E. Howard Hunt

Intelligence officer E. Howard Hunt was associated with QKENCHANT. Hunt, with G. Gordon Liddy and others, was one of the White House's "plumbers"—a secret team of operatives charged with fixing "leaks".


title: County Wicklow Championships

abstract: The County Wicklow Championships is a men's and women's grass court tennis tournament first staged in 1878 and first held at Bromley, County Wicklow, Ireland. The tournament was held to at least 1967 as part of the international tennis tour. The championships are still being held today

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# County Wicklow Championships

The **County Wicklow Championships** is a men's and women's grass court tennis tournament first staged in 1878 and first held at Bromley, County Wicklow, Ireland. The tournament was held to at least 1967 as part of the international tennis tour. The championships are still being held today

## History

This history of the County Wicklow Championships is divided into two parts the initial tournament that was staged in Bromley, County Wicklow, Ireland of which records of that events existence exist from 1878 to 1880. The first installment of the championships appears to have ended.

In August 1878 the County Wicklow Tournament and Championship was established at Bromley, County Wicklow, Ireland. In 1880 the tournament was held again between 17 and 21 August 1880.

In 1898 a new Wicklow Lawn Tennis Club was established at Bray, County Wicklow, Ireland. This new venue reestablished a second installment of the County Wicklow Championships in 1910, but formally played from 1911. The County Wicklow Championships ran as part of the worldwide international tour until at least 1967.

## Event names

The tournament is still being staged today. The men's event is officially known as the *Meath Challenge Cup (County Wicklow Championship)*, the women's event is officially known as the *Championship of South Eastern Counties (County Wicklow Championship)* and the mixed doubles event is officially known as the *Championship of County Wicklow*.

## InfoBox

| County Wicklow Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament information | |
| Founded | 1878 (1878) |
| Location | Bromley, County Wicklow (1878-80)
Bray, County Wicklow (1911-current)
Republic of Ireland |
| Venue | County Wicklow Lawn Tennis Club |
| Surface | Grass Court (1878-1967)
Hard Court, outdoors |
| Website | County Wicklow Lawn Tennis Club |
| Current champions | |
| Men's singles | Dave O’Hare (2015) |
| Women's singles | Anna Bowtell (2015) |


title: Ryan Thorne

abstract: Ryan Thorne is the current head basketball coach of the McGill Redbirds basketball team, in Montreal, since the 2021-2022 season. Prior to that he was the head coach of the McGill Martlets basketball team from 2002 to 2021. He grew up in LaSalle, Quebec, where he learned to play basketball and polish his game at Ouellette Park, a basketball court that was a hotbed for basketball talent coming out of, not only the city of LaSalle but of Montréal as well. He was a basketball star while attending high school at Argyle Academy, in Verdun, Quebec. After high school, he went on to star, and become an All-Canadian basketball stand out at John Abbott College in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, on Montréal's West Island. At John Abbott College, he was also the team captain and team MVP. He was heavily recruited by all the major universities in Québec, including some Division II NCAA colleges in the United States. He opted to attend Bishop's University, in Lennoxville, Quebec, where again he achieved All-Canadian honours and won a National CIAU Championship, as well as team MVP, and was team captain. His brother Adrian played football at the University of Waterloo, in Waterloo, Ontario.

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# Ryan Thorne

**Ryan Thorne** (born 1971 in Montreal, Quebec) is the current head basketball coach of the McGill Redbirds basketball team, in Montreal, since the 2021-2022 season. Prior to that he was the head coach of the McGill Martlets basketball team from 2002 to 2021.

He grew up in LaSalle, Quebec, where he learned to play basketball and polish his game at Ouellette Park, a basketball court that was a hotbed for basketball talent coming out of, not only the city of LaSalle but of Montréal as well. He was a basketball star while attending high school at Argyle Academy, in Verdun, Quebec. After high school, he went on to star, and become an All-Canadian basketball stand out at John Abbott College in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, on Montréal's West Island. At John Abbott College, he was also the team captain and team MVP. He was heavily recruited by all the major universities in Québec, including some Division II NCAA colleges in the United States. He opted to attend Bishop's University, in Lennoxville, Quebec, where again he achieved All-Canadian honours and won a National CIAU (now CIS) Championship, as well as team MVP, and was team captain. His brother Adrian played football at the University of Waterloo, in Waterloo, Ontario.


title: Piesma maculatum

abstract: Piesma maculatum is a true bug species found from North Africa to southern parts of Scandinavia and the South of the British Isles then across the Palearctic to the Black Sea region to Central Asia, China and Japan. In Central Europe it is widespread and generally the most common species of the family Piesmatidae.

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# Piesma maculatum

***Piesma maculatum*** is a true bug species found from North Africa to southern parts of Scandinavia and the South of the British Isles then across the Palearctic to the Black Sea region to Central Asia, China and Japan. In Central Europe it is widespread and generally the most common species of the family Piesmatidae.

## Ecology

*Piesma maculatum* feeds on (Chenopodiaceae), especially *Atriplex* and *Chenopodium*.Macropterous individuals fly considerable distances to suitable overwintering sites where they live in dry ground litter, wood piles, or under loose bark. The animals fly in spring in the search for food plants and are sometimes found in completely atypical habitats, such as raised bogs. The development is just as in *Piesma capitatum*: mating and egg-laying takes place in April and May, June and adult animals of this generation reproduce again (completely) in the Autumn.

* Ekkehard Wachmann, Albert Melber, Jürgen Deckert: *Wanzen*. Band 3: Pentatomomorpha I: *Aradoidea (Rindenwanzen), Lygaeoidea (Bodenwanzen u. a.), Pyrrhocoroidea (Feuerwanzen) und Coreoidea* (Randwanzen u. a.). (= Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Merkmalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise. 78. Teil). Goecke & Evers, Keltern 2007, ISBN 978-3-937783-29-1.

## InfoBox

| *Piesma maculatum* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Heteroptera |
| Superfamily: | Lygaeoidea |
| Family: | Piesmatidae |
| Subfamily: | Piesmatinae |
| Genus: | *Piesma* |
| Species: | ***P. maculatum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Piesma maculatum***<br>(Laporte, 1833) | |
|


title: Tadigadapa

abstract: Tadigadapa is a major industrial, commercial, educational and residential hub located in eastern part of Vijayawada. On 31 December 2020, the Government of Andhra Pradesh formed a first grade municipality by merging Yenamalakuduru, Kanuru, Tadigadapa and Poranki villages. Tadigadapa Municipality is a part of Vijayawada Urban Agglomeration, Vijayawada Metropolitan area and Andhra Pradesh Capital Region.

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# Tadigadapa

**Tadigadapa** is a major industrial, commercial, educational and residential hub located in eastern part of Vijayawada. On 31 December 2020, the Government of Andhra Pradesh formed a first grade municipality by merging Yenamalakuduru, Kanuru, Tadigadapa and Poranki villages. Tadigadapa Municipality is a part of Vijayawada Urban Agglomeration, Vijayawada Metropolitan area and Andhra Pradesh Capital Region.

## Education

Primary and secondary school education is provided by the local government. Aided and private schools also function under the School Education Department of State. Instruction in schools is in English and/or Telugu.

## InfoBox

| Tadigadapa | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| TadigadapaLocation in Andhra Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates: 16°28′44″N 80°41′26″E / 16.4789°N 80.6905°E / 16.4789; 80.6905 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| District | Krishna |
| Mandal | Penamaluru |
| City | Vijayawada |
| Metro | Andhra Pradesh Capital Region |
| Area | |
| Total | 5.77 km2 (2.23 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 17,462 |
| Density | 3,000/km2 (7,800/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 521137 |
| Vehicle registration | AP–16, AP–39 |


title: Segersäng

abstract: Segersäng is a locality situated in Nynäshamn Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden with 608 inhabitants in 2010.

text:
# Segersäng

**Segersäng** is a locality situated in Nynäshamn Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden with 608 inhabitants in 2010.

## InfoBox

| Segersäng | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| SegersängSegersängSegersäng | |
| Coordinates: 59°01′39″N 17°55′53″E / 59.02750°N 17.93139°E / 59.02750; 17.93139 | |
| Country | Sweden |
| Province | Södermanland |
| County | Stockholm County |
| Municipality | Nynäshamn Municipality |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.56 km2 (0.22 sq mi) |
| Population (31 December 2020) | |
| Total | 765 |
| Density | 1,400/km2 (3,500/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Saskatchewan Highway 308

abstract: Highway 308 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 8 until the Manitoba border, where it transitions into Provincial Road 571. The highway provides access to the town of Welwyn, Welwyn Centennial Regional Park, and intersects Highway 600. It is about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) long.

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# Saskatchewan Highway 308

**Highway 308** is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 8 until the Manitoba border, where it transitions into Provincial Road 571. The highway provides access to the town of Welwyn, Welwyn Centennial Regional Park, and intersects Highway 600. It is about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) long.

## InfoBox

| Highway 308 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure | |
| Length | 14.8 km (9.2 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | Highway 8 near Rocanville |
| East end | Manitoba border (PR 571) near Welwyn |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Saskatchewan |
| Rural municipalities | Rocanville, Moosomin |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| Highway 307   Highway 309 | |


title: Eps1.0 hellofriend.mov

abstract: "eps1.0_hellofriend.mov" is the pilot episode of USA Network's drama-thriller television series Mr. Robot. The pilot was directed by Niels Arden Oplev and written by series creator and showrunner Sam Esmail. The episode aired on June 24, 2015, and was watched by approximately 1.75 million people in the U.S., the highest rating the series has ever received. The episode was praised for its writing, music, cinematography, and performances, particularly that of Rami Malek, although it received some criticism for its similarity to David Fincher's Fight Club, a film which Esmail has stated he took inspiration from.

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# Eps1.0 hellofriend.mov

"**eps1.0\_hellofriend.mov**" is the pilot episode of USA Network's drama-thriller television series *Mr. Robot*. The pilot was directed by Niels Arden Oplev and written by series creator and showrunner Sam Esmail. The episode aired on June 24, 2015, and was watched by approximately 1.75 million people in the U.S., the highest rating the series has ever received.

The episode was praised for its writing, music, cinematography, and performances, particularly that of Rami Malek, although it received some criticism for its similarity to David Fincher's *Fight Club*, a film which Esmail has stated he took inspiration from.

## Plot

Elliot Alderson is a socially anxious cybersecurity engineer who works at Allsafe Security in New York City while moonlighting as a computer hacker. Elliot narrates directly to the audience, speaking to an imaginary character in his mind. He believes that he is being followed by men in suits, possibly over his actions the night before. In a flashback, Elliot engineers a child pornographer's arrest by hacking the man's computer and sending its illegal content to the police. On the train ride home, he again sees the men in suits along with a man in glasses who attempts to talk to him. The next day, Elliot reports to work at Allsafe, where he provides computer security for the very corporations he despises. At a therapy session, Elliot narrates how he has hacked his therapist, Krista, and has unsuccessfully attempted to hack her boyfriend, Michael Hansen. Allsafe executive Gideon is preparing to host their largest client, the multi-national conglomerate E Corp (which Elliot refers to as "Evil Corp"). During their tour of the office, Elliot has a strange interaction with E Corp's Senior VP of Technology, Tyrell Wellick.

After work, Elliot snorts morphine to help him cope with his depression and loneliness and afterward takes suboxone in case he goes through withdrawal. His next door neighbor and drug dealer, Shayla, offers him molly, and they both have sex. Later that night, he gets a notification on his phone that Krista has checked in at a local restaurant with Michael. Using a ruse, Elliot manages to get Michael's telephone number. While walking home, Elliot receives a panicked phone call from Angela, his childhood friend, begging him to come back to work. At Allsafe, Elliot finds Angela and his coworker Lloyd attempting to stop a DDoS attack on E Corp's servers. Elliot realizes that they cannot stop the hack locally because of the rootkit that the hackers wrote and placed in the root directory of the server, and together with Gideon he flies to E Corp's server farm to stop the hack in person. While examining the hacked server, Elliot finds a file with a message in it for him. The message simply says, "Leave me here," and after a quick debate with himself, he leaves it on the server, but changes the file so that only he can access it.

On his train ride home from Allsafe, Elliot is once again confronted by the man in glasses, whom he refers to as Mr. Robot due to the logo on his shirt. Mr. Robot tells Elliot to follow him off the train, but only if he didn't delete the file from E Corp's server. They head to an abandoned arcade in Coney Island, where Mr. Robot explains that he and a small group of hackers are the ones who attacked E Corp's server. Saving their file instead of deleting it was a test, which Elliot has passed. Mr. Robot welcomes Elliot into the hackers’ group: "fsociety". Elliot returns home and compiles all the evidence needed to turn fsociety into the FBI. Elliot visits Mr. Robot again to tell him that he will be turning him in. On the Wonder Wheel, Mr. Robot asks Elliot to modify the file to show that E Corp's CTO Terry Colby was behind the hack instead of fsociety. Mr. Robot offers Elliot the chance to take E Corp down completely, and Elliot returns home where he modifies the data file as asked. In a meeting with E Corp, the FBI, and Allsafe the next day, Elliot prepares to give the FBI the evidence against fsociety. However, after Terry Colby insults Angela and has her removed from the meeting, he gives the FBI the falsified info that incriminates Colby.

Nineteen days later, Elliot is anxious for something to happen to Terry Colby or E Corp. To occupy his mind, Elliot turns back to hacking Michael. He discovers that “Michael” is using a fake name and profile, and is actually married to someone else. He confronts and threatens the man, telling him that he must reveal his deception to Krista, or Elliot will dump all his collected evidence on the man's wife. Elliot also demands that the man gives him his dog, which he had been abusing. In his next therapy session, Elliot sees Krista is obviously emotionally distracted and knows that the man broke up with her. Elliot returns to work and attempts to patch his relationship with Angela, who hasn't spoken to him since the meeting with the FBI. They make up, and as they hug, everyone in the office begins to stare. They realize that everyone is staring at the TV monitor behind them, which is showing the news that Terry Colby has been arrested by the FBI. Elliot goes to Times Square to watch the news, but he is confronted by the men in suits. They escort him to E Corp's headquarters and lead him into a room to be confronted by Tyrell Wellick.

## Production

### Writing

Sam Esmail originally intended *Mr. Robot* to be a feature film. However, midway through writing the first act, he found that script had expanded considerably, and that it became a script more suited for a television show. He removed 20 of around 89 pages of the script, and used it as the pilot for the series. Esmail took the script to film and television production company Anonymous Content to see if it could be developed into a television series, which was then picked up by USA Network. The network gave a pilot order to *Mr. Robot* in July 2014.

### Casting

Casting of the series was an arduous task, as no actor was acclimated to the tone of the series. Casting director Susie Farris (a role she shares with Beth Bowling and Kim Miscia) was surprised by some requirements; she recounted that, "Some of the things \[Sam\] would say on the phone, I remember just being like, 'Are you kidding? What?' And I think that's what makes the show so good, is because he did have such a vision, and that's not necessarily what happens in episodic television always." According to Esmail, he contemplated rewriting the script before Malek had his audition, saying; "I was auditioning people, and a lot of great actors came in, \[but\] they were starting to sound very cold to me and so I started second-guessing the script. I felt like I was being lectured by this guy. I felt like the character was being too obnoxious. And then Rami came in and just auditioned with this vulnerability and this warmth that instead of me feeling cold and disconnected from the character, it made me want to reach out to him and hug him. It's something that, once he did the audition, we all knew this was our guy."

### Filming

The pilot was filmed on location in New York. Filming locations included Silvercup Studios and Coney Island, which served as the base of operations for the hacking group fsociety.

## Reception

The episode received universal acclaim from critics and audiences. The episode has an approval rating of 100% on Rotten Tomatoes, with an average score of 8.3/10. The episode got a rating of 8.7/10 from Amy Ratcliffe of IGN, who praised Malek, saying "Mr. Robot made a fantastic first impression with its pilot. It's obviously impossible to judge a series based on a single episode, but they've played a strong first hand. Rami Malek is positively brilliant as Elliot, and the character's Robin Hood-esque nature has appeal. The stakes are high and the conspiracies and mysteries are riveting – it's a world I can't wait to see more of."

This episode was nominated for three Primetime Emmy AwardsOutstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series for Rami Malek, Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series for Sam Esmail, and Outstanding Music Composition for a Series for Mac Quayle, winning for Malek's performance and Quayle's music composition.

In its initial broadcast on USA Network on June 24, 2015, the episode received 1.75 million viewers. The episode also had 2.6 million views prior to its broadcast, as the episode was made available online beginning May 27.

## InfoBox

| "**eps1.0\_hellofriend.mov**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Mr. Robot* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 1
Episode 1 |
| Directed by | Niels Arden Oplev |
| Written by | Sam Esmail |
| Featured music | Mac Quayle
song "If You Go Away" performed by Neil Diamond (from the album *Stones*) |
| Cinematography by | Tim Ives |
| Editing by | Joe Bini |
| Original air date | June 24, 2015 (2015-06-24) |
| Running time | 65 minutes |
| Guest appearances | |
|  | |
|
|


title: Court Church (Cetinje)

abstract: The Court Church in Ćipur is a Serbian Orthodox church located in the Ćipur neighborhood of Cetinje, Montenegro. The church is dedicated to the Birth of the Most Holy Mother of God and is located on the historical site of Ćipur in the historical core of Cetinje, the former capital of the Kingdom of Montenegro. It was built by King Nikola I of Montenegro in 1890, on the place where there used to be a monastery that Ivan Crnojević built in the 15th century dedicated to the Mother of God. The church was declared a cultural heritage monument in 1961, and in 2012 it became part of the History Museum of Montenegro. As a monumental unit, together with the archeological remains of the monastery complex of the Crnojević noble family, it is a World Heritage Site candidate. The remains of Ivan Crnojević, King Nikola, Queen Milena and Montenegrin princesses Ksenija and Vjera are interred in the church.

text:
# Court Church (Cetinje)

The **Court Church in Ćipur** (Serbian Cyrillic: Дворска црква на Ћипуру, romanized: *Dvorska crkva na Ćipuru*) is a Serbian Orthodox church located in the Ćipur neighborhood of Cetinje, Montenegro.

The church is dedicated to the Birth of the Most Holy Mother of God and is located on the historical site of Ćipur in the historical core of Cetinje, the former capital of the Kingdom of Montenegro. It was built by King Nikola I of Montenegro in 1890, on the place where there used to be a monastery that Ivan Crnojević built in the 15th century dedicated to the Mother of God.

The church was declared a cultural heritage monument in 1961, and in 2012 it became part of the History Museum of Montenegro. As a monumental unit, together with the archeological remains of the monastery complex of the Crnojević noble family, it is a World Heritage Site candidate.

The remains of Ivan Crnojević, King Nikola, Queen Milena and Montenegrin princesses Ksenija and Vjera are interred in the church.

42°23′13″N 18°55′25″E / 42.38692°N 18.92356°E / 42.38692; 18.92356

## InfoBox

| Court Church | |
| --- | --- |
| The church pictured in 2012 | |
|  | |
| Location | Ćipur, Cetinje, Montenegro |
| Denomination | Serbian Orthodox |
| History | |
| Founded | 1890 |
| Administration | |
| Diocese | Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral |


title: Pieski, Pomeranian Voivodeship

abstract: Pieski is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cewice, within Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Cewice, 20 km (12 mi) south of Lębork, and 57 km (35 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk. For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

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# Pieski, Pomeranian Voivodeship

**Pieski** \[ˈpjɛski\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cewice, within Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Cewice, 20 km (12 mi) south of Lębork, and 57 km (35 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

## InfoBox

| Pieski | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Pieski | |
| Coordinates: 54°22′35″N 17°45′51″E / 54.37639°N 17.76417°E / 54.37639; 17.76417 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Lębork |
| Gmina | Cewice |


title: Tagetes patula

abstract: Tagetes patula, the French marigold, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Mexico and Guatemala with several naturalised populations in many other countries. It is widely cultivated as an easily grown bedding plant with hundreds of cultivars, which often have bright yellow to orange flowers. Some authorities regard Tagetes patula as a synonym of Tagetes erecta, the Mexican marigold.

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# Tagetes patula

***Tagetes patula***, the **French marigold**, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Mexico and Guatemala with several naturalised populations in many other countries. It is widely cultivated as an easily grown bedding plant with hundreds of cultivars, which often have bright yellow to orange flowers.

Some authorities regard *Tagetes patula* as a synonym of *Tagetes erecta*, the Mexican marigold.

## Description

*Tagetes patula* is an annual, occasionally reaching 0.5 m (1+12 ft) tall by 0.3 m (1 ft) wide. In some climates it flowers from July to October. In its native habitat of the highlands of central Mexico, blooms are produced from September to killing frost. Achenes ripen and are shed within two weeks of the start of bloom. The heads contain mostly hermaphrodite (having both male and female organs) florets and are pollinated primarily by beetles in the wild, as well as by tachinid flies and other insects. The leaves of all species of marigold include oil glands. The oils are pungent. It can grow in both sandy and clay soils provided they have good drainage. It requires full sun to partial shade.

## Etymology

The Latin specific epithet *patula* means 'with a spreading habit'.

## Distribution and habitat

The species is native to Mexico and Guatemala with several naturalised populations in many other countries.

## Cultivation

This plant is valued for its velvet-textured, brightly coloured blooms in shades of yellow, orange and russet in summer. It is shorter, and has a more spreading habit, than its relative the Mexican marigold (*Tagetes erecta*). It is therefore more suitable as an edging plant in the open border.

Moreau et al 2006 attempted to protect *Solanum tuberosum* (potato) against *Leptinotarsa decemlineata* (potato beetle) by intercropping with *T. patula* but instead found it acting as an attractant, resulting in greater infestation and lower yields. (They also found the same for another purported repellent, *Armoracia rusticana*.)

*Tagetes patula* is frost intolerant, given a Royal Horticultural Society hardiness rating of H2, capable of surviving temperatures of 1–5 °C (34–41 °F) but killed by freezing temperatures. They are grown by gardeners in moderately fertile, but well-drained soil in full sun with evenly moist conditions.

### Cultivars

Hundreds of cultivars have been developed, of which the following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

* 'Bonanza Flame'
* Bonanza Series
* 'Dainty Marietta'
* 'Disco Orange'
* 'Disco Yellow'
* 'Fireball'
* 'Hero Orange'
* 'Honeycomb'
* 'Queen Sophia'
* 'Safari Mixture'
* 'Safari Scarlet'
* 'Safari Tangerine'
* 'Tiger Eyes'
* 'Yellow Jacket'
* 'Zenith Golden Yellow'
* 'Zenith Lemon Yellow'
* 'Zenith Yellow'

## Uses

### Culinary

The dried and ground flower petals constitute a popular spice in the Republic of Georgia in the Caucasus, where they are known as imeruli shaphrani (= 'Imeretian Saffron') from their pungency and golden colour and particular popularity in the Western province of Imereti. The spice imparts a unique, rather earthy flavour to Georgian cuisine, in which it is considered especially compatible with the flavours of cinnamon and cloves. It is also an essential ingredient in the spice mixture khmeli suneli (reputedly as significant to Georgian cuisine as garam masala is to that of North India).

### Colouring

*Tagetes patula* florets are grown and harvested annually to add to poultry feed to help give the yolks a golden color. The florets can also be used to color human foods. A golden yellow dye is used to color animal-based textiles (wool, silk) without a mordant, but a mordant is needed for cotton and synthetic textiles.

### Fragrance

The whole plant is harvested when in flower and distilled for its essential oil. The oil is used in perfumery. It is blended with sandalwood oil to produce 'attar genda' perfume. About 35 kg (77 lb) of oil can be extracted from 1 hectare (2.5 acres) of the plant yielding 2,500 kg (5,500 lb) of flowers and 25,000 kg (55,000 lb) of herbage.

### Other

Many cultures use medicinal infusions from dried leaves or florets. Research also suggests that the essential oil has the ability to be used as residual pesticide against bedbugs.

The essential oil is being investigated for antifungal activity, including treatment of candidiasis and treating fungal infections in plants.

## InfoBox

| French marigold | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | *Tagetes* |
| Species: | ***T. patula*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tagetes patula***<br>L. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: George Macdonald (malariologist)

abstract: George Macdonald was a British physician who was Professor of Tropical Hygiene at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. His research concentrated primarily on malaria, its epidemiology and control. He was the author of many papers on the mathematical analysis of transmission of tropical infections and the author of The Epidemiology and Control of Malaria, published in 1957. From observations in the field, Macdonald developed concepts covering the mathematical modelling of the transmission of vector-borne tropical diseases and then applied the results to the eradication of the disease. He was early in perceiving the value of computer analysis in this area. Macdonald developed the concept of the basic reproduction rate to quantitatively understand the transmission of malaria. He proposed that, if this rate is less than 1, the disease will eventually die out in a population, because on average an infectious person will transmit to fewer than one other susceptible person. If it is greater than 1, then the disease will spread. The George Macdonald Medal was first awarded in 1972 and every 3 years thereafter to recognise outstanding contributions to tropical hygiene. The medal is awarded jointly by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

text:
# George Macdonald (malariologist)

**George Macdonald** (22 June 1903 – 10 December 1967) was a British physician who was Professor of Tropical Hygiene at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. His research concentrated primarily on malaria, its epidemiology and control. He was the author of many papers on the mathematical analysis of transmission of tropical infections and the author of *The Epidemiology and Control of Malaria*, published in 1957.

From observations in the field, Macdonald developed concepts covering the mathematical modelling of the transmission of vector-borne tropical diseases and then applied the results to the eradication of the disease. He was early in perceiving the value of computer analysis in this area.

Macdonald developed the concept of the basic reproduction rate to quantitatively understand the transmission of malaria. He proposed that, if this rate is less than 1, the disease will eventually die out in a population, because on average an infectious person will transmit to fewer than one other susceptible person. If it is greater than 1, then the disease will spread.

The George Macdonald Medal was first awarded in 1972 and every 3 years thereafter to recognise outstanding contributions to tropical hygiene. The medal is awarded jointly by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

## Early life and education

Macdonald was born in Sheffield. His father, John Smyth Macdonald FRS, was a physician and professor of physiology at the University of Sheffield, and then at the University of Liverpool. His mother was Mary Catherine, daughter of Donald Stewart, a Scottish farmer.

Macdonald was educated first at King Edward VII School in Sheffield, and, when the family moved to Liverpool, at the Liverpool Institute. He then entered the medical school of the University of Liverpool, graduated MB ChB in 1924 and, already attracted by a career in the tropics, took the DTM in the same year.

## Career

In 1925 Macdonald was appointed research assistant at the Sir Alfred Jones Research Laboratory in Freetown, Sierra Leone, where during the next four years he carried out studies on the effects of malaria in African children. In 1932 he took the post of medical officer for the Mariani Medical Association in Assam. He held this appointment until 1937. During the second world war Macdonald had a distinguished service. He was, in turn, commanding officer of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 Malaria Field Laboratories in the Middle East and Central Mediterranean, with a final rank of Brigadier.

Macdonald became director of the Ross Institute in 1945. He was appointed CMG in 1953, and elected a Fellow of the college in 1955. In 1954 he received the Darling Foundation Medal and prize from the World Health Assembly in Geneva for his studies on epidemiology and control of malaria.

Ronald Ross and Macdonald are credited with developing a mathematical model of mosquito-borne pathogen transmission. A systematic historical review suggests that several mathematicians and scientists contributed to development of the Ross-Macdonald model over a period of 70 years. The Ross-Macdonald model has since played a central role in the development of research on mosquito-borne pathogen transmission and strategies for mosquito-borne disease prevention.

Macdonald continued working even after being diagnosed with lung cancer in 1966, submitting his last paper only two weeks before dying.

## Personal life

In 1932, Macdonald married Mary Hetherington (1907 – 1987), daughter of civil engineer Roger Gaskell Hetherington. Together they had three children.


abstract: Search for the Lost Treasure of Afghanistan is a 2007 documentary film, in which travel writer and explorer Tahir Shah heads off to Afghanistan, on a quest to find the alleged hidden treasure of Ahmad Shah Durrani. Following the clues in a notebook which was allegedly left to Shah by his ancestors, he teams up with Reza, a young Afghan archeologist and attempts to solve the mystery of the alleged treasure of Ahmad Shah. This film documents some of the adventures that occurred during three trips to Afghanistan between 2005 and 2006. In 1740 Nadir Shah of Persia swept through Afghanistan into Mughal India during the reign of emperor Muhammad Shah. After sacking its capital at Delhi, he plundered the treasuries of the Mughal emperors, and hauled the wealth westward, over the Hindu Kush, towards his kingdom of Persia. During the journey back to Persia Nadir Shah was murdered in his tent by his own guards. The young soldier Ahmad Shah Durrani, who was to become first king of modern Afghanistan and the founder of the Durrani Empire, found himself in possession of the looted treasure. Ahmad Shah died an agonizing death soon afterwards succumbing to cancer of the face. Legend has it that his death was the result of the curse of the Koh-i-noor diamond. With the knowledge that his health was deteriorating, Ahmad Shah is alleged to have concealed the bulk of the treasure before his death. For almost two and a half centuries, Afghans and their rulers have searched for the alleged treasure of Ahmad Shah. A century ago, Amir Abdur-Rahman sent convicts to hunt in the dangerous tunnels commonly found in the region. More recently, Al Qaeda's henchmen have been thought to be looking. Tahir Shah's family lived in Afghanistan for more than a thousand years as rulers, warriors, and mystics. Shah shares the same name as the first king, as well as a common ancestry. His father, Idries Shah, was Afghanistan's most famous writer of modern times, and was also preoccupied with the alleged lost treasure. His own fascination for riddle led him to write a bestselling novel about the alleged treasure of Ahmad Shah, Kara Kush. This documentary was filmed on location in Afghanistan. It was directed by Swedish director David Flamholc and produced by Caravan Film.

text:
# Search for the Lost Treasure of Afghanistan

***Search for the Lost Treasure of Afghanistan*** is a 2007 documentary film, in which travel writer and explorer Tahir Shah heads off to Afghanistan, on a quest to find the alleged hidden treasure of Ahmad Shah Durrani. Following the clues in a notebook which was allegedly left to Shah by his ancestors, he teams up with Reza, a young Afghan archeologist and attempts to solve the mystery of the alleged treasure of Ahmad Shah. This film documents some of the adventures that occurred during three trips to Afghanistan between 2005 and 2006.

In 1740 Nadir Shah of Persia swept through Afghanistan into Mughal India during the reign of emperor Muhammad Shah. After sacking its capital at Delhi, he plundered the treasuries of the Mughal emperors, and hauled the wealth westward, over the Hindu Kush, towards his kingdom of Persia.

During the journey back to Persia Nadir Shah was murdered in his tent by his own guards. The young soldier Ahmad Shah Durrani, who was to become first king of modern Afghanistan and the founder of the Durrani Empire, found himself in possession of the looted treasure.

Ahmad Shah died an agonizing death soon afterwards succumbing to cancer of the face. Legend has it that his death was the result of the curse of the Koh-i-noor diamond. With the knowledge that his health was deteriorating, Ahmad Shah is alleged to have concealed the bulk of the treasure before his death. For almost two and a half centuries, Afghans and their rulers have searched for the alleged treasure of Ahmad Shah. A century ago, Amir Abdur-Rahman sent convicts to hunt in the dangerous tunnels commonly found in the region. More recently, Al Qaeda's henchmen have been thought to be looking.

Tahir Shah's family lived in Afghanistan for more than a thousand years as rulers, warriors, and mystics. Shah shares the same name as the first king, as well as a common ancestry. His father, Idries Shah, was Afghanistan's most famous writer of modern times, and was also preoccupied with the alleged lost treasure. His own fascination for riddle led him to write a bestselling novel about the alleged treasure of Ahmad Shah, *Kara Kush*.

This documentary was filmed on location in Afghanistan. It was directed by Swedish director David Flamholc and produced by Caravan Film.