title: Pamela Bowden

abstract: Pamela Anne Bowden was an English contralto. Bowden was born in Rochdale and was educated at Heywood Grammar School and the Royal Manchester College of Music. During World War II she was a Wren. In 1954 she won the Geneva International Music Competition. She made over 750 professional performances, retiring in 1979. After this she taught at the London College of Music and was President of the Incorporated Society of Musicians. She was also an eloquent advocate of the music of her contemporaries, singing and recording to advantage Tippett's A Child Of Our Time, Britten's ingenuous A Charm Of Lullabies, Lennox Berkeley's tender Four Poems Of St Teresa Of Avila, and the role of Isabella in Bernard Hermann's opera Wuthering Heights. Malcolm Arnold wrote his Five William Blake Songs with Bowden in mind. Between 1954 and 1979, when she retired, she gave more than 750 performances and/or broadcasts under the most distinguished conductors of the day, among them Josef Krips, Paul Sacher, Solti, Sargent, Boult, Mackerras and Boulez. The consistency of her contributions derived from her innate musicianship and innate sense of the appropriate style. Bowden's operatic appearances were limited to some with the English Opera Group and the role of Madame Larina in Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, at both Glyndebourne and Covent Garden. Her interpretation of that part, sympathetic and well-pointed as regards the text - she sang it in both Russian and English - showed what the stage lost through the infrequency of her excursions into opera. In retirement, she had a fruitful career as a singing teacher, an administrator and adjudicator. As I recall from working with her on juries, her judgment was always judicious and assured. While searching for the best in any participant's performance, she was also acute in her ability to put her finger on faults. She was also president of the Incorporated Society of Musicians. She married the racing driver Derrick Edwards in 1960. He died in 2000: they had two children.

text:
# Pamela Bowden

**Pamela Anne Bowden** (17 April 1925  8 April 2003 (age 78)) was an English contralto.

Bowden was born in Rochdale and was educated at Heywood Grammar School and the Royal Manchester College of Music. During World War II she was a Wren. In 1954 she won the Geneva International Music Competition. She made over 750 professional performances, retiring in 1979. After this she taught at the London College of Music and was President of the Incorporated Society of Musicians.

She was also an eloquent advocate of the music of her contemporaries, singing and recording to advantage Tippett's A Child Of Our Time, Britten's ingenuous A Charm Of Lullabies, Lennox Berkeley's tender Four Poems Of St Teresa Of Avila, and the role of Isabella in Bernard Hermann's opera Wuthering Heights. Malcolm Arnold wrote his Five William Blake Songs with Bowden in mind.

Between 1954 and 1979, when she retired, she gave more than 750 performances and/or broadcasts under the most distinguished conductors of the day, among them Josef Krips, Paul Sacher, Solti, Sargent, Boult, Mackerras and Boulez. The consistency of her contributions derived from her innate musicianship and innate sense of the appropriate style.

Bowden's operatic appearances were limited to some with the English Opera Group and the role of Madame Larina in Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, at both Glyndebourne and Covent Garden. Her interpretation of that part, sympathetic and well-pointed as regards the text - she sang it in both Russian and English - showed what the stage lost through the infrequency of her excursions into opera.

In retirement, she had a fruitful career as a singing teacher, an administrator and adjudicator. As I recall from working with her on juries, her judgment was always judicious and assured. While searching for the best in any participant's performance, she was also acute in her ability to put her finger on faults. She was also president of the Incorporated Society of Musicians.

She married the racing driver Derrick Edwards in 1960. He died in 2000: they had two children.


title: Piesocalus

abstract: Piesocalus is a monotypic genus of Southeast Asian dwarf spiders containing the single species, Piesocalus javanus. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1894, and has only been found in Indonesia and on the Java.

text:
# Piesocalus

***Piesocalus*** is a monotypic genus of Southeast Asian dwarf spiders containing the single species, ***Piesocalus javanus***. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1894, and has only been found in Indonesia and on the Java.

## InfoBox

| *Piesocalus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Linyphiidae |
| Genus: | *Piesocalus*
Simon, 1894 |
| Species: | ***P. javanus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Piesocalus javanus***
Simon, 1894 | |
|


title: Pamela Boyd

abstract: Pamela Joan Boyd-Petroski is an American former handball player who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics. Boyd graduated in 1974 from Central Regional High School, where she played both basketball and field hockey. She was inducted into the school's Golden Eagles Athletics Hall of Fame in 2012. Boyd now teaches physical education at Pinelands Regional High School in Tuckerton, New Jersey.

text:
# Pamela Boyd

**Pamela Joan Boyd-Petroski** (born September 27, 1955) is an American former handball player who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics.

Boyd graduated in 1974 from Central Regional High School, where she played both basketball and field hockey. She was inducted into the school's Golden Eagles Athletics Hall of Fame in 2012.

Boyd now teaches physical education at Pinelands Regional High School in Tuckerton, New Jersey.

## InfoBox

Pamela Boyd
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Pamela Joan Boyd-Petroski |
| Nationality | American |
| Born | (1955-09-27) 27 September 1955<br>Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Handball |


title: Daseuplexia

abstract: Daseuplexia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1906.

text:
# Daseuplexia

***Daseuplexia*** is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1906.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Daseuplexia* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Noctuidae |
| Genus: | ***Daseuplexia***<br>Hampson, 1906 |
|


title: Piano Concerto No. 2 (Bartók)

abstract: The Piano Concerto No. 2 in G major, Sz. 95, BB 101 of Béla Bartók is a musical composition for piano and orchestra. The work, which was composed between 1930 and 1931, is notorious for being one of the most difficult pieces in the repertoire. Playing time is 26–29 minutes.

text:
# Piano Concerto No. 2 (Bartók)

The **Piano Concerto No. 2** in G major, Sz. 95, BB 101 of Béla Bartók is a musical composition for piano and orchestra. The work, which was composed between 1930 and 1931, is notorious for being one of the most difficult pieces in the repertoire. Playing time is 26–29 minutes.

## Composition

In approaching the composition, Bartók wanted the music to be more contrapuntal. He also wanted to simplify his music (like many of his contemporaries), but his use of counterpoint in this piece makes for an extremely complicated piece of music. This aspect had proven particularly troublesome in the First Concerto, so much so, in fact, that the New York Philharmonic, which was to have given the premiere, could not master it in time, and Bartók's *Rhapsody* had to be substituted into the program. The composer himself claimed in a 1939 article to have composed this concerto as a direct contrast to his First Concerto, acknowledging that the First "is a bit difficult — one might even say very difficult! — as much for orchestra as for audience."

Even so, the Second Concerto is notorious for its difficulty. András Schiff said, "For the piano player, it's a finger-breaking piece. \[It\] is probably the single most difficult piece that I have ever played, and I usually end up with a keyboard covered by blood." Stephen Kovacevich also declared that it was the most technically demanding piece he had ever played and that he nearly paralyzed his hands while preparing the piece.

The concerto was dated 1930/1931, but not premiered until 23 January 1933 in Frankfurt. The Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra was conducted by Hans Rosbaud with Bartók as the soloist. The first performance in Hungary was later that same year, conducted by Otto Klemperer with Louis Kentner playing the piano at Bartók's request.

Bartók himself played the work at a BBC Symphony Concert in the Queen's Hall on 8 November 1933, with the BBC Symphony Orchestra conducted by Adrian Boult. The concert was broadcast live and described in Radio Times as the first performance in England (Radio Times, 3 November 1933, p. 356). Bartók played it again at the Proms in London under Sir Henry Wood on 7 January 1936, an initiative of the BBC music producer Edward Clark.

On 18 April 1934 he played it in Konserthuset with the Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra under Vàclav Talich.

The first performance in the United States was given in Chicago on 2 March 1939, with Storm Bull as soloist and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra conducted by Frederick Stock. The French premiere was given in 1945 by Yvonne Loriod, who had learnt it in only eight days.

## Form

The concerto is composed of three movements:

1. Allegro
2. Adagio — Presto — Adagio
3. Allegro molto — Più allegro

The overall form of the Second Concerto is symmetrical—the tempo structure is *fast-slow-fast-slow-fast*—in the Bartókian manner that has come to be identified as arch form. The first movement, marked *Allegro*, is highlighted by the active, punctuating piano solo. The piano's quick, rhythmic pace and fragmentary scalar movement suggest the influence of Igor Stravinsky, and the ballet *Petrushka* (1910–11) in particular, while other characteristics point to *The Firebird*; the main theme of the movement, introduced by the trumpets, is a reference to *The Firebird'*s finale.

## Instrumentation

The concerto is scored for an orchestra consisting of a solo piano, two flutes (one doubling on piccolo), two oboes, two clarinets (in B flat), two bassoons (one doubling on contrabassoon), four horns (in F), three trumpets (in C), three trombones, tuba, timpani, snare drum, bass drum, triangle, cymbals, and strings.

## Recordings

Some notable recordings are by:


title: David Alagalak

abstract: David Alagalak is a Canadian politician, who was the Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the electoral district of Arviat in the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut from 2004 to 2008. Prior to becoming an MLA, Alagalak was mayor of Arviat and served as a board member to several Inuit organizations.

text:
# David Alagalak

**David Alagalak** (born 11 April 1944 on Southampton Island, Nunavut) is a Canadian politician, who was the Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the electoral district of Arviat in the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut from 2004 to 2008.

Prior to becoming an MLA, Alagalak was mayor of Arviat and served as a board member to several Inuit organizations.

## InfoBox

| David Alagalak | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| MLA for Arviat | |
| **In office**
2004–2008 | |
| Preceded by | Kevin O'Brien |
| Succeeded by | Daniel Shewchuk |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | April 11, 1944
Southampton Island, Eastern Northwest Territories, Canada |
| Political party | non-partisan
consensus government |
| Residence | Arviat |
|  | |


title: Pieter Geyl

abstract: Pieter Catharinus Arie Geyl was a Dutch historian, well known for his studies in early modern Dutch history and in historiography.

text:
# Pieter Geyl

**Pieter Catharinus Arie Geyl** (15 December 1887, Dordrecht – 31 December 1966, Utrecht) was a Dutch historian, well known for his studies in early modern Dutch history and in historiography.

## Background

Geyl was born in Dordrecht and graduated from the University of Leiden in 1913. His thesis was on Christofforo Suriano, the Venetian Ambassador in the Netherlands from 1616 to 1623. He was married twice, first to Maria Cornelia van Slooten in 1911 (who died in 1933) and secondly to Garberlina Kremer in 1934.

## Early career

Geyl worked as a teacher at Stedelijk Gymnasium Schiedam (grammar school) in Schiedam (1912–1913) before going on to serve as the London correspondent for *Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant* newspaper. During this time, Geyl befriended many influential people in Britain. In 1919 Geyl took up a professorship in Dutch history at the University of London, where he taught until 1935. In 1935, Geyl returned home to become a professor at the University of Utrecht.

In 1928 Geyl became correspondent of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; he resigned in 1936. In 1946 he joined the Academy again, this time as full member.

## Wartime experiences

In 1940, Geyl wrote an article on how historians view Napoleon. It was due to be published in June 1940, but after the German occupation in May 1940, the publishers declined to publish Geyl's article out of the fear that comparisons could be made between Napoleon and Adolf Hitler. In September 1940, Geyl used his article for the basis of series of lectures at the Rotterdam School of Economics. In October 1940 the SD (Security Service) of the SS took Geyl hostage in retaliation for what the Germans alleged to be maltreatment of Germans interned in the Dutch East Indies. Geyl spent thirteen months at the Buchenwald concentration camp. Even after his release from Buchenwald, Geyl continued to be held by the Germans at Kamp Sint-Michielsgestel until he was finally released for medical reasons in February 1944.

In 1945 Geyl became the chair of history at the University of Utrecht. In his opening address, he called for his students to disprove political and cultural myths that could lead to movements like National Socialism. Geyl was a critic of the *Sonderweg* interpretation of German history that argued that Nazi Germany was the inevitable result of the way German history developed. In particular, Geyl defended the German historian Leopold von Ranke against the charge of being a proto-Nazi.

## Geyl's historical outlook

Geyl was best known as a critic of the British historian Arnold J. Toynbee, who seemed to maintain that he had discovered "laws" of history that proved how civilisations rise and fall. Geyl often debated Toynbee both on the radio and in print. He accused Toynbee of selective use of evidence to support pre-conceived notions and of ignoring evidence that did not support his thesis. In addition, Geyl considered Toynbee's theory to be simplistic, ignoring the full complexity of the past; he regarded Toynbee's theory of "challenge and response" to explain historical change as too loose and a catch-all definition. Finally, Geyl was opposed to Toynbee's apparent claim that Western civilisation was in terminal decline.

Geyl was noted for challenging the then-popular theory that the historical separation of the Dutch and the Flemings was a result of "natural" causes. Geyl claimed that there was a "Greater Netherlands" history and that the Dutch and Flemings separated only during the Eighty Years' War (better known as the Dutch Revolt in the English-speaking world) against Spain in the 16th century. Geyl argued that the revolt failed in the south not because of political, cultural or religious differences, but only because the geography in the north with its lakes, bogs and rivers favoured the rebels and the geography in the south with its flat plains favoured the Spanish Army. Had it not been for the accident of geography, Flanders would have been part of the Dutch Republic. Geyl expressed his ideas in a series of articles and in his main work, *De Geschiedenis van de Nederlandse Stam* (1930–1959, unfinished). In accordance with his historical ideas, Geyl actively supported the Flemish movement, though not favouring Dutch-Flemish irredentism.

Geyl's work has been criticised for not taking into account the unifying force of administrative and economic developments after the separation and for sometimes drawing artificial boundaries based on language alone; on the other hand, it has been praised for its refreshing approach to the Dutch Revolt, which was in marked opposition to the then-current nationally oriented, almost finalistic view on Dutch and Belgian history as represented by P.J. Blok and Henri Pirenne.

Geyl was also noted for arguing that the House of Orange and the Dutch people were often in conflict, especially during the 18th century. Geyl accused William IV of Orange of using the uprising of the *Doelisten* (a group of Amsterdam burgers) against the ruling elite to seize power for himself in 1748. Another revisionist claim made by Geyl was that the marriage of William of Orange (later stadtholder Willem II) to Mary Stuart was the main cause of the first Anglo-Dutch War in the 17th century.

*Napoleon For and Against* was an account of how French historians of different ages and views have regarded the French emperor. From Napoleon's time to the present, French historians have presented Napoleon as either a Corsican adventurer who brought death and destruction to France or as a patriotic Frenchman who brought glory and prosperity. Geyl used his book to advance his view that all historians are influenced by the present when writing history and thus all historical writing is transitory. In Geyl's view, there never can be a definitive account for all ages because every age has a different view of the past. For Geyl the best that historians could do was to critically examine their beliefs and urge their readers to do likewise. Geyl felt that history was a progress of "argument without end", but did not feel that this meant that an "anything goes" interpretation of history was acceptable.

## Death

Geyl died on 31 December 1966 in Utrecht, Netherlands.

## Published works

* *Christofforo Suriano: resident van de Serenissime Republiek van Venetië in Den Haag, 1616–1623*, 1913.
* *Willem IV en Engeland tot 1748*, 1924.
* *De Groot-Nederlandsche gedachte*, 1925.
* *De geschiedenis van de Nederlandsche Stam*, 3 volumes, 1930–1959: translated into English as *The Revolt of the Netherlands, 1555–1609* and *The Netherlands in the Seventeenth Century*.
* *Revolutiedagen te Amsterdam, Augustus–September 1748*, 1936.
* *Patriotten en NSBers*, 1946.
* *History of the Low Countries: Episodes and Problems*, Macmillan, 1964. The Trevelyan Lectures 1963, with 4 additional essays.
* *The Revolt of the Netherlands, 1555–1609*, New York: Barnes & Noble, 1966.
* *The Netherlands in the Seventeenth Century, Pt. I: 1609-1648; Pt.II: 1648-1715*, 2 volumes, New York: Barnes & Noble, 1961 & 1964.
* *Oranje en Stuart, 1641–72*, 1939: translated by A. Pomerans into English as *Orange and Stuart, 1641–72*, New York: Scribner, 1970.
* *Napoleon: voor en tegen in de Franse geschiedschrijving*, 1946: translated by O. Renier into English as *Napoleon, For and Against*, New Haven, CT; Yale University Press, 1948; revised edition 1964.
* *De Patriottenbeweging, 1780–1787*, 1947.
* *Can We Know the Pattern of the Past? Discussion between P. Geyl and A. Toynbee concerning Toynbee's Book 'A Study of History'*, Bossum: F.G. Kroonder, co-written with Arnold Toynbee, 1948.
* *The Pattern of the Past: Can we Determine it?* cowritten with Arnold Toynbee and P. Sorokin, New York: Greenwood, 1949.
* *Use and Abuse of History*, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1955.
* *Debates with Historians*, Cleveland, Ohio: Meridian, 1958.
* *Studies en strijdschriften*, 1958.
* *Encounters in History*, Cleveland, Ohio: Meridian, 1961.

## Footnotes

* Bark, W. "Review of 'Encounters in History'"" pages 107–123 from *History and Theory*, Volume 4, Issue No. 1, 1964.
* Boogman, J.C. "Pieter Geyl (1887–1966)" pages 269–277 from *Bijdragen voor de Geschiedenis der Nederlanden*, Volume 21, (1967).
* Duke, A.C & Tamse, C.A. (editors) *Clio's Mirror: Historiography in Britain and the Netherlands*, Zutphen: De Walburg Pers, 1985.
* Mehta, Ved, *Fly and Fly Bottle: Encounters with British Intellectuals*, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1962.
* Rogier, L.J. *Herdenking van P. Geyl*, Amsterdam: Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, 1967.
* Rowen, Herbert H. "The Historical Work of Pieter Geyl" pages 35–49 from *Journal of Modern History*, Volume 37, Issue #1, 1965.
* Tolebeek, Jo *De toga van Fruin: denken over geschiedenis in Nederland sinds 1860*, Amsterdam: Wereldbibliotheek, 1990.

## InfoBox

| Pieter Geyl | |
| --- | --- |
| Pieter Geijl | |
| Born | (1887-12-15)15 December 1887
Dordrecht, Netherlands |
| Died | 31 December 1966(1966-12-31) (aged 79)
Utrecht, Netherlands |
| Alma mater | University of Leiden |
| Spouses | * Maria Cornelia van Slooten (1911–1933) *   Garberlina Kremer (m. 1934) |


title: David Bučar

abstract: David Bučar is a Slovenian football midfielder who plays for Krško Posavje. Bučar had a spell in the Austrian lower leagues.

text:
# David Bučar

**David Bučar** (born 8 February 1994) is a Slovenian football midfielder who plays for Krško Posavje.

Bučar had a spell in the Austrian lower leagues.

## InfoBox

David Bučar
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | David Bučar | | |
| Date of birth | (1994-02-08) 8 February 1994 | | |
| Place of birth | Brežice, Slovenia | | |
| Height | 1.74 m (5 ft 9 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Krško Posavje | | |
| Number | 11 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| –2013 | Krško | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2013–2016 | Krško | 65 | (6) |
| 2016 | Brežice 1919 (loan) | 10 | (1) |
| 2017–2018 | Brežice 1919 | 14 | (4) |
| 2018 | SVU St Stefan ob Stainz | 9 | (3) |
| 2019 | KMN Sevnica (futsal) | 17 | (4) |
| 2019 | FK Austria ASV Puch | 8 | (5) |
| 2020– | Krško Posavje | 20 | (5) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 20 March 2017 | | | |


title: Paminivandlavooru

abstract: Paminivandlavooru is a village in Mangalapalle Panchayat which is located in Bangarupalyam mandal belonging to Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh state in southern India.

text:
# Paminivandlavooru

**Paminivandlavooru** is a village in Mangalapalle Panchayat which is located in Bangarupalyam mandal belonging to Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh state in southern India.

1. PMGSY-Census Data Updation Status

## InfoBox

| Paminivandlavooru Mittoor | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| Dynamic map | |
| Country | India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| District | Chittor |
| Population | |
| Total | 400 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 516417 |
| Nearest city | Chittoor |
| Sex ratio | Male 60 Female 40 / |
| Literacy | 75% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Chittoor |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Poothal pattu |


title: Papanasam taluk

abstract: Papanasam taluk is a taluk of Thanjavur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Papanasam.

text:
# Papanasam taluk

**Papanasam taluk** is a taluk of Thanjavur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Papanasam.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Papanasam had a population of 272,871 with 133,814 males and 139,057 females. This was an increase of 7% from the 2001 total of 255,093. There were 1,039 women for every 1,000 men, up from 1,027 per 1,000 males in 2001. The taluk had a literacy rate of 72.72%, slightly higher than 72.48% in 2001. Child population in the age group below 6 was 13,410 males and 12,682 females.

## Towns and villages

There are two panchayat towns in the taluk, Ayyampettai and the administrative headquarters, Papanasam. In 2011, there were 34 listed panchayat villages in Papanasam taluk, which have superintending control over more than seventy other villages. Tamil Nadu lists 120 revenue villages in Papanasam taluk.

10°56′N 79°17′E / 10.933°N 79.283°E / 10.933; 79.283


title: Pilot Knob, New York

abstract: Pilot Knob is a hamlet in Washington and Warren counties, New York, United States. The community is located on the eastern shore of Lake George; while the Washington-Warren county line largely follows the shoreline, placing most of the community in Washington County, a small portion lies on the Warren County side.

text:
# Pilot Knob, New York

**Pilot Knob** is a hamlet in Washington and Warren counties, New York, United States. The community is located on the eastern shore of Lake George; while the Washington-Warren county line largely follows the shoreline, placing most of the community in Washington County, a small portion lies on the Warren County side.

## InfoBox

| Pilot Knob, New York | |
| --- | --- |
| Hamlet | |
| Pilot Knob, New YorkPilot Knob, New York | |
| Coordinates: 43°30′57″N 73°37′45″W / 43.51583°N 73.62917°W / 43.51583; -73.62917 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| County | Washington, Warren |
| Elevation | 325 ft (99 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 12844 |
| Area code(s) | 518 & 838 |
| GNIS feature ID | 960406 |


title: Fire Fighter II

abstract: Fire Fighter II is a Robert Allan Ltd. Ranger 4200 class fireboat put in service with Marine Company 9 of the New York City Fire Department (FDNY) on December 7, 2010. The boat replaces the original Fire Fighter, and is sister to the fireboat Three Forty Three which serves with Marine Company 1. In 2012, FDNY opened new quarters for Marine 9 at the Staten Island Homeport, a 1,410-foot-long pier in Stapleton that was built in 1980s to berth the Battleship Iowa as part of the former Naval Station New York.

text:
# Fire Fighter II

***Fire Fighter II*** is a Robert Allan Ltd. Ranger 4200 class fireboat put in service with Marine Company 9 of the New York City Fire Department (FDNY) on December 7, 2010. The boat replaces the original **Fire Fighter**, and is sister to the fireboat *Three Forty Three* which serves with Marine Company 1.

In 2012, FDNY opened new quarters for Marine 9 at the Staten Island Homeport, a 1,410-foot-long pier in Stapleton that was built in 1980s to berth the Battleship Iowa as part of the former Naval Station New York.

## Features

Construction of *Fire Fighter II* began in December 2008. The 140-foot, 500-ton, $27 million fast response boat is the country's largest fireboat, with a maximum speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph). It incorporates the latest technology available for marine vessels, including the capability of pumping up to 50,000 gallons of water per minute, nearly 30,000 gallons more than its predecessor. There is an operating crew of seven.

## InfoBox

| *Fire Fighter II* | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| New York City Fire Department | |
| Name | *Fire Fighter II* |
| Operator | New York City Fire Department |
| Laid down | 2008 |
| Commissioned | December 7, 2010 |
| Homeport | Homeport Pier, Staten Island |
| Identification | MMSI number: 367597240 |
| Nickname(s) | Tommy Phelan |
| Status | In service |
| Notes | Predecessor: *Fire Fighter* |
| General characteristics | |
| Length | 140 ft (43 m) |
| Beam | 36 ft (11 m) |
| Draft | 9 ft (2.7 m) |
| Installed power | MTU 4 × 2000 HP engines |
| Propulsion | Hundested 4 × Variable Pitch Propellers |
| Speed | 17 knots (20 mph) |
| Boats & landing <br>craft carried | Tender |
| Capacity | 20,000 gpm/50,000 gpm max |
| Crew | 7 |


title: Ferrovia Alta Valtellina

abstract: The Ferrovia Alta Valtellina (FAV) is a railway line in Italy which connects Sondrio, in Valtellina, to Tirano in Alta Valtellina. The railway company was established in 1899 and the line opened in 1902. Many railways in Italy were nationalized in 1905 but the Ferrovia Alta Valtellina escaped and was not nationalized until 1970.

text:
# Ferrovia Alta Valtellina

The **Ferrovia Alta Valtellina** (FAV) is a railway line in Italy which connects Sondrio, in Valtellina, to Tirano in Alta Valtellina (Upper Tellina Valley). The railway company was established in 1899 and the line opened in 1902. Many railways in Italy were nationalized in 1905 but the Ferrovia Alta Valtellina escaped and was not nationalized until 1970.

## History

In 1899 a company was established for the Alta Valtellina Railway (FAV) with the aim of connecting Sondrio with Tirano. It obtained the concession in August of the same year and started construction work. The line, called the Alta Valtellina, was a natural continuation of the Valtellina Line (Sondrio-Lecco) and the service was inaugurated on 29 June 1902. Initially it was operated by steam traction using four Henschel steam locomotives. Numbers 1-3 were 0-4-0T and number 4 was a 0-6-0T of the Prussian T 3 type. Three more Prussian T 3s, numbers 5-7, arrived later. FAV No.6 is preserved.

On 1 July 1908, the Tirano-St.Moritz line was activated by the Swiss private company Berninabahn (now part of the Rhaetian Railway) which allowed the connection of the Upper Tellina Valley with the Swiss slopes of the region.

## Electrification

In 1932 the line was electrified using the same three-phase system as the Ferrovia della Valtellina. Four electric locomotives were used and they became FAV Class E.440. Numbers 1-3 were built by Costruzioni Elettro Meccaniche di Saronno (CEMSA). Number 4 was built by Tecnomasio Italiano Brown Boveri (TIBB).

In 1967, due to the declining popularity of three-phase traction, the line was de-electrified and operated by diesel-powered trains of type ALn 556 chartered from Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS). In 1970, the line was nationalized and became part of the FS network. On 29 May 1980, electric traction was re-introduced using the 3 kV direct current system. From 1981 the first direct trains from Milan to Tirano were established.

## Upgrade programme

In the mid-1980s, the line was the subject of a larger programme to upgrade the route from Milan for a cost of about 100 billion lire, which involved the activation of Centralized Traffic Control (CTC) between Sondrio and Tirano, with a Central Manager in Colico. As part of this plan, in 1986 the stations of Chiuro, San Giacomo di Teglio, Bianzone and Villa di Tirano were downgraded to halts.

## Service reduction

Since 2008, train services have been progressively reduced from 19 to 13, and in June 2014 there was a further reduction. Currently, there are 9 daily services.


title: Canone inverso

abstract: Canone inverso - Making Love, also known as The Inverse Canon, is a 2000 Italian drama film directed by Ricky Tognazzi. It is based on the 1996 novel Canone Inverso by the Italian author Paolo Maurensig. The plot concerns how a distinctive violin with an anthropomorphic carved scroll changed hands, the friendship of two young violinists, and the love of one of them for a concert pianist. The film opens at the time of the Prague Spring, but the main events take place prior to World War II in Czechoslovakia. Although an Italian production, the film is entirely in English, and involves English and French actors. Variety noted that "Performances generally are fine, with Matheson and Williams bringing plenty of vigor and spirit, and Thierry [...] supplying some delicate grace notes".

text:
# Canone inverso

***Canone inverso - Making Love***, also known as *The Inverse Canon*, is a 2000 Italian drama film directed by Ricky Tognazzi. It is based on the 1996 novel *Canone Inverso* by the Italian author Paolo Maurensig.

The plot concerns how a distinctive violin with an anthropomorphic carved scroll changed hands, the friendship of two young violinists, and the love of one of them for a concert pianist. The film opens at the time of the Prague Spring, but the main events take place prior to World War II in Czechoslovakia.

Although an Italian production, the film is entirely in English, and involves English and French actors.

Variety noted that "Performances generally are fine, with Matheson and Williams bringing plenty of vigor and spirit, and Thierry \[...\] supplying some delicate grace notes".

## Plot

At an auction a young woman, Costanza, is outbid for an old violin and pursues the successful bidder, an old man, outside, explaining why she wanted it so much. She recounts how, two years previously in 1968 during the Prague Spring, she was in a pub with friends when a man entered and insisted on playing his violin for her. The young woman, who does not know her parents, recalled the tune somehow from her childhood; she ran after the violinist, who told her his name was Jeno Varga and recounted the story of two boys who met in the late 1930s, at a music academy in Prague. The boys, David Blau from a rich background and Jeno, became close friends. Jeno grew up on a poor farm with his mother and step-father; his father had abandoned wife and son, but left them a rare violin and the music of a 'canone inverso'.

Jeno, who has heard the married, French concert pianist Sophie Levi on the radio tries to contact her. After his mother dies in childbirth he returns to Prague and finds Sophie again, telling her of his passion for music, and, discovering their mutual attraction, she eventually helps him secure a place at a strict music school there, where he and David become great friends.

At a special New Year's dinner in 1939 at the academy, the guest of honour is Sophie Levi; the director announces the auditions for a principal violin to play alongside Sophie in a public concert. As the professor Weigel leaves the jury during the auditions (making it inquorate) the two candidates left are Jeno and David, but Nazis arrive at the college and dismiss director Hischbaum and all those students of Jewish origin, including David. To remain with his friend, Jeno hits Weigel and gets expelled, and is invited by David to his palatial home. On arrival David shows Jeno the gallery of ancestral portraits - from which David admires only one, of a woman named Costanza. David's mood darkens when he sees Jeno's original violin and this turns to resentment as he recognizes the instrument which his father claimed to have lost during the Great War. The next day Hischbaum arrives at the Blau residence to finish the audition.

David chooses the duet of the reverse canon that Jeno also knows. Shortly the boys realize that they are half-brothers, but following his rejection by David, Jeno goes to play in the concert with Sophie, who was supposed to be fleeing Czechoslovakia because of anti-Semitic laws, but returns for the concert, abandoning her husband at the station. Before the concert, in the dressing room, Jeno and Sophie make love. During the concert, David arrives with the precious violin, but the SS enter and arrest all the Jewish musicians, including Jeno and Sophie.

Back in 1968 in Prague Jeno and Costanza witness the arrival of Soviet bloc tanks; he flees into the night leaving her with the violin. Costanza knows that Sophie died in a concentration camp but that she had a child and wonders if it is her. (In a concentration camp, Jeno is seen playing the canon next to the barbed wire, which Sophie and their daughter Costanza hear.) The old man is Baron Blau and he explains that in his grief at the loss of his half-brother David had taken Jeno's name. Baron Blau and Costanza return to the ruined Blau mansion where they find Jeno/David.

## Cast

## Production

Filming took place in 1999 and used many locations in the Czech Republic, including the Charles Bridge (for scenes with Costanza by the river) and the Praha hlavní nádraží station in Prague (for Sophie's putative departure), the city of Plzeň, and the spa town of Mariánské Lázně (for the first encounter of Jeno and Sophie).

The film was released In Italy (dubbed in Italian) in spring 2000, and then had its original English-language premiere in the Cannes market. DVD issues have been made subsequently.

## Music and Soundtrack

A canon is where a melody is closely imitated by a second voice (or part) which begins after the first part or voice; the 'canone inverso' is where the “imitating voice gives out the melody backwards (the two voices usually beginning together, and so departing from the usual idea of canon)".

Music is central to the film and used both as soundtrack and diegetic and the film culminates in the performance of a piano and violin concerto, *Concerto Romantico Interrotto* by Italian film composer Ennio Morricone who also wrote the soundtrack. Other composers featured are Paganini (his Caprice No.9 'La Caccia'), Bach (Ciaconna) and Dvořák (from Songs my mother taught me). Debussy's Clair de lune is arranged for piano by Morricone.

## Awards

The film won five David di Donatello Awards (Best Cinematography, Best Editing, Best Production Design, Best Score and a special "Scuola David Award") and three Silver Ribbons (Best Cinematography, Best Editing and Best Score). The film won the Best Feature Film award and Audience Award for Best Feature at the 2001 Newport Beach Film Festival.

## InfoBox

| Canone inverso | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Ricky Tognazzi |
| Produced by | Vittorio Cecchi Gori |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Fabio Cianchetti |
| Edited by | Carla Simoncelli |
| Music by | Ennio Morricone |
| Release date | * 2000 (2000) |
| Running time | 107 minutes |
| Country | Italy |
| Language | Italian |


title: Carbetocin

abstract: Carbetocin, sold under the brand names Pabal among others, is a medication used to prevent excessive bleeding after childbirth, particularly following Cesarean section. It appears to work as well as oxytocin. Due to it being less economical than other options, use is not recommended by NHS Scotland. It is given by injection into a vein or muscle. Side effects differ little from that of no treatment or placebo. Use is not recommended in people with epilepsy or eclampsia. Carbetocin is a manufactured long acting form of oxytocin. It works by activating the oxytocin receptor which causes the uterus to contract. Carbetocin was first described in 1974. It was approved for medical use in Canada and the United Kingdom in 1997. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is not available in the United States or Japan.

text:
# Carbetocin

**Carbetocin**, sold under the brand names **Pabal** among others, is a medication used to prevent excessive bleeding after childbirth, particularly following Cesarean section. It appears to work as well as oxytocin. Due to it being less economical than other options, use is not recommended by NHS Scotland. It is given by injection into a vein or muscle.

Side effects differ little from that of no treatment or placebo. Use is not recommended in people with epilepsy or eclampsia. Carbetocin is a manufactured long acting form of oxytocin. It works by activating the oxytocin receptor which causes the uterus to contract.

Carbetocin was first described in 1974. It was approved for medical use in Canada and the United Kingdom in 1997. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is not available in the United States or Japan.

## Medical uses

Carbetocin has been approved for use immediately following an elective Cesarean section when a local or spinal anesthesia has been used. Since the uterus cannot contract on its own following incision during a Cesarean section, exogenous administration of oxytocin or an analog is necessary to restore uterine tone and prevent hemorrhage.

Safety of carbetocin following vaginal births and emergency Cesarean sections has not been established, though studies have suggested efficacy following vaginal births to that following Cesarean sections. Some studies have shown that a 10-70 ug dose following vaginal delivery caused contractions and no adverse side effects. Carbetocin has also been shown to increase uterine involution (the return of the uterus to its contracted state after the birth of the baby) in humans, horses and cows.

### Comparison with other medication

In 2018, heat-stable carbetocin, a formulation that does not require strict refrigeration, was found to be as good as oxytocin for reduction of postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery. It is hoped that this will make oxytocic hemorrhage control more widely available and less expensive, which will be particularly useful in regions of developing countries where the cold chain (in drug transport and storage) is unreliable because of power outages or equipment problems.

Due to carbetocin's considerably longer half-life, its effects are longer lasting than other oxytocin homologs such as oxytocin or barusiban. A single carbetocin dose compared to a placebo or an eight-hour intravenous drip of oxytocin in a randomized blind study, necessitated less additional oxytocin therapy following a Cesarean section. Oxytocin receptor antagonists, such as barusiban or atosiban have the opposite effect of depressing oxytocin receptor activity and can be used to stop premature labor and uterine contractions.

## Adverse effects

Ten to forty percent of people will experience nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, itching skin, increased body temperature, trembling and weakness. One to five percent of peoples may experience back and chest pain, dizziness, anemia, chills and sweating, metallic taste, tachycardia and respiratory distress.

Contraindications for the use of carbetocin include inappropriate timing during labor and delivery (such as before parturition or to induce labor) or allergic reactions to carbetocin or other oxytocin homologues. Additionally, carbetocin should not be used if a person has high blood pressure or cardiovascular problems. Overdosage or repeated use of carbetocin, particularly if used during pregnancy, could cause hyper-excitation of the oxytocin receptors resulting in excessive and prolonged stimulation of uterine contractions, increasing risk of uterine rupture, placental abruption, fetal respiratory distress and postpartum hemorrhage.

## Interactions

Due to oxytocin's close sequence homology with vasopressin, oxytocin analogs often bind with much lower affinity to vasopressin receptors V1, in the uterine lining, and V2, in the kidneys and may consequently interact with or disrupt the vasopressin circuitry and feedback loops. Carbetocin may work synergistically with drugs such as dinoprostone and misoprostol that ripen the cervix. Concurrent use of these drugs can be risky, particularly during pregnancy and prenatal care, possibly causing premature labor or abortion.

## Pharmacology

### Mechanism of action

Carbetocin works as an oxytocic, antihemorrhagic and uterotonic drug in the peripheral nervous system. The most common causes of postpartum hemorrhage are lack of tone in the uterus from overstretching or the use of an anesthetic.

Carbetocin functions as an agonist at peripheral oxytocin receptors, particularly in the myometrium, with lesser affinity for myoepithelial cells. Oxytocin receptors are G protein-coupled and their mechanism of action involves second messengers and the production of inositol phosphates. Carbetocin mimics this mechanism. Binding for carbetocin and other oxytocin agonists has been shown to be nonselective at the extracellular N-terminus and loops E2 and E3. While the oxytocin receptor shows equal affinity for oxytocin and carbetocin, the biological effect of carbetocin is almost 50% that of endogenous or exogenous oxytocin. Carbetocin has a much longer lasting effect than oxytocin, necessitating only a single dose. Carbetocin inhibits endogenous oxytocin release, interrupting the uterine feedback loop with the hypothalamus and decreasing both central and peripheral release of oxytocin. Carbetocin is a biased agonist of the oxytocin receptor.

During pregnancy, the synthesis of oxytocin receptors in the uterus greatly increases, reaching a peak during labor and delivery. Consequently, the administration of carbetocin or another oxytocin analog during or immediately following birth will have increased uterotonic and contractile effect. The application of carbetocin does not affect a non-pregnant uterus with lower oxytocin receptor expression. Carbetocin also functions to thicken the blood, further preventing post-partum hemorrhage. Carbetocin should not be used to induce or augment labor since it could cause cardiac or respiratory distress to mother or infant.

### Pharmacokinetics

Carbetocin is to be used in the hospital by prescription only. It can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly. In both cases, the recommended dose for an average adult female is 100 ug. Contractile effects of the uterus are apparent within two minutes and can be observed for approximately one hour, though maximum binding occurs about 30 minutes after intramuscular injection. Administration is performed immediately following parturition to minimize risk of postpartum hemorrhage by inducing uterine contractions, increasing muscle tone and thickening the blood. If further uterine stimulation is needed, treatment with other forms of oxytocic uterotonic drugs should be used.

Endogenous and synthetic oxytocin has a half-life of approximately 3.5 minutes. Carbetocin, in comparison, has a much longer half-life ranging from 85 to 100 minutes. The bioavailable dose is around 80%. The elimination half-life following intravenous administration is around 40 minutes, though the elimination mechanism is not entirely known. Studies have shown that elimination is only minimally renal (0.7%), but may occur at least partially through enzymatic degradation of peptides, primarily on the C-terminal end. Both elimination and volume of distribution are not dose dependent.

## Society and culture

Carbetocin has been approved for use under the following three brand names in 23 countries: Duratocin (Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Canada, China, Hong Kong, Italy, Malaysia, Singapore, New Zealand), Lonactene (Mexico), and Pabal (Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Estonia, France, UK, Hungary, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Finland). Duratocin has also been approved for veterinary use in Poland, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, France and the Netherlands.

### Brand names

Duratocin, Pabal, Lonactene, Depotocin, Comoton, and Decomoton.

## InfoBox

Carbetocin
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Duratocin, Pabal, Lonactene, others |
| Other names | (2-O-Methyltyrosine)deamino-1-carbaoxytocin; Deamino-2-O-methyltyrosine-1-carbaoxytocin; 1-Butanoic acid-2-(O-methy-L-tyrosine)-1-carbaoxytocin; 1-butyric acid-2-\[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-L-alanine\]oxytocin |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
| Routes of
administration | Intravenous, intramuscular |
| ATC code |  |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | * UK: POM (Prescription only) |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 80% (IM) |
| Elimination half-life | 85–100 minutes |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * (2*S*)-1-\[(3*S*,6*S*,9*S*,12*S*,15*S*)-12-\[(2*S*)-butan-2-yl\]-
9-(2-carbamoylethyl)-6-(carbamoylmethyl)-15-
\[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl\]-16-methyl-5,8,11,14,17-
pentaoxo-1-thia-4,7,10,13,16-pentazacycloicosane-
3-carbonyl\]-*N*-\[(1*S*)-1-(carbamoylmethylcarbamoyl)-
3-methyl-butyl\]pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| DrugBank |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.048.450 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C45H69N11O12S |
| Molar mass | 988.17 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * CC\[C@H\](C)\[C@H\]1C(=O)N\[C@H\](C(=O)N\[C@H\](C(=O)N\[C@@H\](CSCCCC(=O)N\[C@H\](C(=O)N1)Cc2ccc(cc2)OC)C(=O)N3CCC\[C@H\]3C(=O)N\[C@@H\](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N)CC(=O)N)CCC(=O)N | |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C45H69N11O12S/c1-6-25(4)38-44(66)51-28(15-16-34(46)57)40(62)52-31(21-35(47)58)41(63)54-32(23-69-18-8-10-37(60)50-30(42(64)55-38)20-26-11-13-27(68-5)14-12-26)45(67)56-17-7-9-33(56)43(65)53-29(19-24(2)3)39(61)49-22-36(48)59/h11-14,24-25,28-33,38H,6-10,15-23H2,1-5H3,(H2,46,57)(H2,47,58)(H2,48,59)(H,49,61)(H,50,60)(H,51,66)(H,52,62)(H,53,65)(H,54,63)(H,55,64)/t25-,28-,29-,30-,31-,32-,33-,38-/m0/s1 N * Key:NSTRIRCPWQHTIA-DTRKZRJBSA-N N | |
| NY (what is this?)  (verify) | |


title: The Mighty Nach Live

abstract: The Mighty Nach Live is the third audio release of Scottish band Albannach. It was intermittently live-recorded in 2007 while the band traveled throughout Scotland and North America.

text:
# The Mighty Nach Live

***The Mighty Nach Live*** is the third audio release of Scottish band Albannach. It was intermittently live-recorded in 2007 while the band traveled throughout Scotland and North America.

## Track listing

| Track Number | Track Name | Vocalist |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Pictavia's Pride" | none |
| 2 | "Rampant's Revenge" | none |
| 3 | "Ancestors" | Jacquie Holland |
| 4 | "In Bed With Quinsy" | none |
| 5 | "The Gael" | none |
| 6 | "Hooligan's Holiday" | none |
| 7 | "Scotland Is Her Name" | Jacquie Holland |
| 8 | "Burlin" | none |
| 9 | "Tweedle Dee Tweedle Dum" | none |
| 10 | "Intro To Finalé" | none |
| 11 | "Hornpipes From Hell" | Albannach |

## Credits

* Jamesie Johnston – Bass drum, vocals, bodhrán
* Donnie MacNeill – Bagpipes, drums
* Jacquie Holland – Drums, percussion, vocals
* Kyle Gray – Lead drum
* Aya Thorne – Bodhrán, percussion
* Davey 'Ramone' Morrison – Bodhrán, vocals, whistles
* Andy Malkin – Engineering, additional instruments
* Mick MacNeil – Production

## InfoBox

| The Mighty Nach Live | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by Albannach | |
| Released | 2008 |
| Genre | Celtic battle music |
| Label | Albannach Music |
| Producer | Mick MacNeil |
| Albannach chronology | |
| *Circa B.C.*
(2007) ***The Mighty Nach Live***
(2008) | |


title: Phin (restaurant)

abstract: Phin Vietnamse Coffee & Etc, or simply Phin, is a Vietnamese coffee shop in Seattle's Chinatown–International District, in the U.S. state of Washington. Owner Bao Nguyen opened the cafe in October 2020.

text:
# Phin (restaurant)

**Phin Vietnamse Coffee & Etc**, or simply **Phin**, is a Vietnamese coffee shop in Seattle's Chinatown–International District, in the U.S. state of Washington. Owner Bao Nguyen opened the cafe in October 2020.

## Description

The 620-square-foot Vietnamese coffee shop Phin, which uses and is named after the coffee filter of the same name, operates in the Thai Binh apartment building on South Jackson Street, in the Little Saigon part of Seattle's Chinatown–International District. *The Seattle Times* has described the shop as "inviting", "small", "stylish", and "tranquil", with a faux balcony in one interior corner. According to Naomi Tomky of the *Seattle Post-Intelligencer*, "The stylish inside manages to evoke both Vietnam and another era through muted colors on the wall, painted red details, and a decorative balcony, but also through design."

The menu includes *cà phê sữa chua* (yogurt coffee), which is coffee and whole-milk yogurt with condensed milk, as well as *cà phê cốt dừa* (coconut slushie coffee). Other drinks include black sesame coffee and a pandan latte. The food menu includes *banh kep la dua* (Vietnamese-style pandan waffles), which have been described as Phin's "signature" snack. Among other desserts is flan with shaved coffee ice. The diary and oat condensed milks are made in-house.

## History

Phin opened in October 2020. Bao Nguyen is an owner. He and Hanh Hoang began selling pandan waffles at the Chinatown–International District Night Market in 2019, and have continued to be a vendor at the event via Phin. Phin sources coffee beans from Austin, Texas-based Phin Coffee Club.

## Reception

In 2021, Allecia Vermillion included the pandan waffles in *Seattle Metropolitan*'s overview of the best things she ate in 2021.

## InfoBox

| Phin | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| The coffee shop's exterior in 2023 | |
|  | |
| Restaurant information | |
| Established | October 2020 (2020-10) |
| Owner(s) | Bao Nguyen |
| Street address | 913 South Jackson Street, Suite D |
| City | Seattle |
| County | King |
| State | Washington |
| Postal/ZIP Code | 98104 |
| Country | United States |
| Coordinates | 47°35′56″N 122°19′11″W / 47.5988°N 122.3198°W / 47.5988; -122.3198 |
| Website | phinseattle.com |


title: Fengbao Iron and Steel

abstract: Henan Fengbao Iron and Steel Company Limited was established in 2001 when the formerly state-owned Chinese enterprise was restructured according to the modern enterprise system to form a limited liability company. The company's activities include melting iron and steel smelting, seamless steel pipe, machinery manufacturing, power generation, international trade, and others. It is a large-scale iron and steel company, and is a member unit of China's Iron and Steel Industry Association. It is one of the nation's 1,000 largest industrial enterprises, the country's top 500 private enterprises in Henan Province, and 100 key enterprises in Henan Province.

text:
# Fengbao Iron and Steel

**Henan Fengbao Iron and Steel Company Limited** (Chinese: 河南凤宝钢铁有限公司) was established in 2001 when the formerly state-owned Chinese enterprise was restructured according to the modern enterprise system to form a limited liability company. The company's activities include melting iron and steel smelting, seamless steel pipe, machinery manufacturing, power generation, international trade, and others.

It is a large-scale iron and steel company, and is a member unit of China's Iron and Steel Industry Association. It is one of the nation's 1,000 largest industrial enterprises, the country's top 500 private enterprises in Henan Province, and 100 key enterprises in Henan Province.

## Projects

The company is actively pursuing the project of steel construction and two high-end oil well pipe project preparatory work. When the project is fully completed, it will have an annual output of 5 million tons steel, including oil pipe, structure pipe, high and medium pressure boiler tubes, pipes and other high-end seamless steel tubes will reach 2 million tons.


title: Datça

abstract: Datça is a municipality and district of Muğla Province, Turkey. Its area is 436 km⁲, and its population is 25,029 (2022). The town center is situated midway through the peninsula which carries the same name as the district and the town. It was a nahiya of Marmaris District until 1928. Datça's first center in village of Reşadiye till 1947, when it was moved to present borough of İskele.

text:
# Datça

**Datça** is a municipality and district of Muğla Province, Turkey. Its area is 436 km2, and its population is 25,029 (2022). The town center is situated midway through the peninsula which carries the same name as the district and the town (Datça Peninsula). It was a nahiya of Marmaris District until 1928. Datça's first center in village of Reşadiye till 1947, when it was moved to present borough of İskele.

## Name

The name Datça comes from Stadia, an ancient town near Cnidus. *Stadia* developed into *Tadya*, *Dadya*, *Dadça*, and then *Datça*.

Both the town and the peninsula of Datça were called Reşadiye for a brief period in the beginning of the 20th century, honoring the penultimate Ottoman Sultan Mehmed V Reşad, and some maps may still refer to the peninsula under this name; today Reşadiye is the name of one of the quarters of the town.

## Geography

The long and narrow Datça Peninsula, whose outline follows the undulations of small bays and coves facing south or north all along its length which reaches near 100 km (62 mi), corresponds almost exactly to the Datça district, with the addition beyond its isthmus of a small panhandle in the direction of the south-east. The isthmus itself is only several hundred meters wide.

The extreme end of the western tip of the district and the peninsula, the locality called Tekir, is the location of the ancient city of Knidos. There is an ongoing debate on whether or not this location was the original site of the ancient city, a number of sources claiming that until the mid-4th century BCE, Knidos was halfway along the peninsula, near the present-day district center.

The peninsula's eastern end is marked by the fjord-like indentation of Bencik Cove, 1.5 km in length, at the end of which the narrow isthmus where it joins the mainland is found. This point is a natural curiosity which offers a wide view of the Gulf of Gökova in the north and the Gulf of Hisarönü in the south and is called *Balıkaşıran* (literally, *the place where fish may leap across*) and is also often used for the portage of small boats. According to Herodotus, during the Persian invasions in 540 BC, the Knidians had sought to dig a canal at this spot as a defensive measure and in order to transform their territory into an island. But an oracle was consulted who reportedly said "If the gods had so willed, they would have made your land an island. Do not pierce the isthmus." Whereupon they surrendered to the Persians.

### Climate

Datça has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen: *Csa*), with very hot, dry summers, and mild, wet winters.

| Climate data for Datça (1991–2020) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.2
(59.4) | 15.6
(60.1) | 17.7
(63.9) | 20.8
(69.4) | 25.6
(78.1) | 30.6
(87.1) | 33.0
(91.4) | 33.3
(91.9) | 29.9
(85.8) | 25.5
(77.9) | 20.7
(69.3) | 16.7
(62.1) | 23.8
(74.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 12.3
(54.1) | 12.5
(54.5) | 14.2
(57.6) | 17.0
(62.6) | 21.3
(70.3) | 25.9
(78.6) | 28.4
(83.1) | 28.8
(83.8) | 25.8
(78.4) | 21.8
(71.2) | 17.4
(63.3) | 13.9
(57.0) | 20.0
(68.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.6
(49.3) | 9.6
(49.3) | 11.0
(51.8) | 13.3
(55.9) | 17.2
(63.0) | 21.7
(71.1) | 24.3
(75.7) | 24.8
(76.6) | 22.0
(71.6) | 18.4
(65.1) | 14.4
(57.9) | 11.3
(52.3) | 16.5
(61.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 148.3
(5.84) | 102.6
(4.04) | 63.5
(2.50) | 38.2
(1.50) | 18.0
(0.71) | 0.7
(0.03) | 0.2
(0.01) | 0.1
(0.00) | 8.1
(0.32) | 53.8
(2.12) | 103.5
(4.07) | 150.0
(5.91) | 686.9
(27.04) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10.9 | 9.1 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 1.2 | 1 | 1 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 5.8 | 9.7 | 57.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 65.8 | 65.6 | 64.4 | 63.7 | 61.5 | 55.3 | 53.7 | 55.3 | 54.6 | 61.1 | 65.6 | 67.3 | 61.1 |
| Source: NOAA | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Settlement

The quarters of the city of Datça are Reşadiye, Eski Datça 'Old Datça' and İskele 'quay', separated by about a mile from each other. Reşadiye was the original administrative core when the town was renamed Datça and turned into a district center in 1928, before it was moved to İskele quarter. The center town is crossed by the short course of the Datça Stream (*Datça Çayı* in Turkish).

The Datça district has nine villages scattered along the peninsula. These are; Cumalı, Emecik, Hızırşah, Karaköy, Kızlan, Mesudiye, Sındı, Yakaköy, Yazıköy. Historically, apart from small coastal patches, Datça Peninsula has two fertile areas along its length. The whole of the eastern half is bare, mountainous and scarcely inhabited. The western part is also mountainous, rising in places over 1,000 meters, but has towards its western end on the south side a considerable extent of well-watered land reaching to the coast at Palamutbükü locality and supporting a group of villages known collectively as *Betçe* (*the five villages*). These are; Mesudiye, Sındı, Yakaköy, Yazıköy, Cumalı. The village of Mesudiye, very near the sea shore has a jetty owned by the community of villagers. The village's bay is called Hayıtbükü. Palamutbükü locality, more to the west, also has a little pier which allows boats to moore. Palamutbükü today is a holiday village with a long beach.

The second and larger area of good land is in the middle of the peninsula southwest of the median isthmus dividing the two halves and centered on the town of Datça. The region's promising potential was noted already in the 1880s by the hydrographer Thomas Abel B. Spratt in the following terms:

> *The plain and valley of Datça is very fertile, having fine groves of olive and valonia, and of almonds and other fruit trees, with abundance of water, if properly utilized.*

A point of note on the general settlement pattern of these villages is that the locations chosen were never in the immediate coastline, but always at a mile's distance or more from the sea and at a relatively safe altitude on the slopes of a hill. The reason was from times immemorial was the fear of pirates, advantaged as they were by the intricate geology of shores of southwestern Turkey and of the many islands and islets that are its natural extensions, in an environment not unlike that of the Caribbean Sea. Piracy remained a serious security problem well until the beginning of the 20th century.

## Composition

There are 12 neighbourhoods in Datça District:

* Cumalı
* Datça
* Emecik
* Hızırşah
* İskele
* Karaköy
* Kızlan
* Mesudiye
* Reşadiye
* Sındı
* Yakaköy
* Yazıköy

## Tourism

Datça Peninsula is popular among tourists, especially by mariners, because of its many coves and larger bays, which are promoted as part of the Blue Cruise along Turkey's southwest coast. Boats (usually gulets) depart from Bodrum, Marmaris, or Datça.

The road from Marmaris to Datça is rough in parts.

Apart from the traditional settlements, there are also a dozen recently constructed vacation villages on the peninsula.

Datça has become a major rock climbing destination since about 2013, most popular from fall to spring.

## Forest Fires

On 29 August 2012, a fire in the town of Emecik, Datca burned 75 hectares of forest.

## Notable natives

In Turkish literature, Datça is associated with the poet and the accomplished translator (notably of Shakespeare) Can Yücel who spent the last decades of his life in Datça and is also buried here.

## Twin Towns

Houma, Louisiana, United States

## Footnotes

## InfoBox

| Datça | |
| --- | --- |
| District and municipality | |
| A street view in Old Datça | |
| Map showing Datça District in Muğla Province | |
| DatçaLocation in TurkeyDatçaDatça (Turkey Aegean) | |
| Coordinates: 36°43′42″N 27°41′13″E / 36.7283°N 27.6869°E / 36.7283; 27.6869 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Muğla |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Aytaç Kurt (CHP) |
| Area | 436 km2 (168 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | 25,029 |
| Density | 57/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 48900 |
| Area code | 0252 |
| Website | www.datca.bel.tr |


abstract: Yashwantrao Chavan was the chief minister of Bombay State until its bifurcation into Maharashtra and Gujarat on 1 May 1960. Chavan became the first chief minister of Maharashtra from that day. His government continued till 1962 legislative elections, after which Chavan was sworn in for a second term.

text:
# First Yashwantrao Chavan ministry (Maharashtra)

**Yashwantrao Chavan** was the chief minister of Bombay State until its bifurcation into Maharashtra and Gujarat on 1 May 1960. Chavan became the first chief minister of Maharashtra from that day. His government continued till 1962 legislative elections, after which Chavan was sworn in for a second term.

## List of ministers

The ministry consisted of 14 cabinet ministers.

| Portfolio | Minister | Tookoffice | Leftoffice | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chief Minister* General Administration * Home, * Planning, * Information and Public Relations, * Information Technology * Industries * Mining Department * Majority Welfare
Departments not allocated to any minister | Yashwantrao Chavan | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Public Works * Protocol * Buildings * Communications * Culture Affairs * Textiles * Ex. Servicemen Welfare | Marotrao Kannamwar | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Law and Judiciary * Labour * Marketing * Sanitation | Shantilal Shah | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Revenue * Relief & Rehabilitation * Ports Development * Water Supply * Marathi Language | Vasantrao Naik | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Rural Development * Forests * Special Backward Classes Welfare * Employment Guarantee * Khar Land Development | B. G. Gadhe | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Finance, * Parliamentary Affairs * Soil and Water Conservation * Command Area Development | S. K. Wankhede | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * School Education * Medical Education * Higher and Technical Education * Environment and Climate Change * Other Backward Classes | Balasaheb Desai | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Protection, * Housing, * Printing Presses, * Minority Development and Aukaf * Fisheries | S. G. Kazi | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Cooperation * Special Assistance * Sports and Youth Welfare * Nomadic Tribesl Department * Vimukta Jati | Balasaheb Shivram Bharde | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Agriculture * Horticulture * Transport * Disaster Management * Animal Husbandry Department * Dairy Development | P. K. Sawant | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Prohibition * State Excise * Social Welfare * Socially and Educationally Backward Classes * Tribal Development | T. R. Narawane | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Irrigation * Power / Energy * Food and Drug Administration * Rural Development | Shankarrao Chavan | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Public Health, * Small Savings * Tourism * Earthquake Rehabilitation | Homi J. H. Taleyarkhan | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Urban Development * Woman and Child Development * Skill Development, Employment and Entrepreneurship | D. Z. Palaspagar | 1 May 1960 | 7 March 1962 |  | INC |

## InfoBox

| First Yashwantrao Chavan ministry | |
| --- | --- |
|
Ministry of Maharashtra | |
| Date formed | 1 May 1960 |
| Date dissolved | 7 March 1962 |
| People and organisations | |
| Governor | Sri Prakasa |
| Chief Minister | Yashwantrao Chavan |
| Total no. of members | 26
14 Cabinet ministers (Incl. Chief Minister)
12 deputy ministers |
| Member parties | Congress |
| Status in legislature | Majority government |
| Opposition party | SCF
CPI |
| Opposition leader |  |
| History | |
| Predecessor | Y. Chavan II (Bombay State) |
| Successor | Y. Chavan II (Maharashtra) |


title: Susie Warran-Smith

abstract: Susie Warran-Smith, CBE, DL is a British author and broadcaster. She was appointed the Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in Elizabeth II's 2022 New Year Honours and Deputy Lieutenant (DL) of Kent.

text:
# Susie Warran-Smith

**Susie Warran-Smith, CBE, DL** is a British author and broadcaster. She was appointed the Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in Elizabeth II's 2022 New Year Honours and Deputy Lieutenant (DL) of Kent.

## Early life and career

Warran-Smith graduated from the University for the Creative Arts. She attended Staffordshire University and graduated with an MBA in 1995. Warran-Smith started her career as a designer in advertising agencies in London in the mid-1980s, becoming a brand specialist and a guest lecturer at the University for the Creative Arts. She became a marketing and communications director in corporate roles, including at Barclays Bank. In 2015, she founded Breakthrough Funding, which was sold to Ernst & Young in 2020. She was a non-executive member of the Audit and Risk Committee at the Department for Communities and Local Government (now DLUHC) from 2006 to 2012 and was appointed Chair of Produced in Kent in June 2021. She is a Non-Executive Director of His Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC).


title: Feuerstein (Stubai Alps)

abstract: The Feuerstein is a twin peak in the Stubai Alps on the border of Tyrol and South Tyrol.

text:
# Feuerstein (Stubai Alps)

The **Feuerstein** is a twin peak in the Stubai Alps on the border of Tyrol and South Tyrol.

* Walter Klier: *Stubaier Alpen*, Alpine Club Guide, Munich, 2006, ISBN 3-7633-1271-4
* Eduard Richter, *Die Erschließung der Ostalpen, Berlin, Verlag des Deutschen und Oesterreichischen Alpenvereins, 1893/1894*
* Alpine Club map, 1:25,000 series, Sheet 31/1 *Stubaier Alpen, Hochstubai*

Media related to Feuerstein (Stubaier Alpen) at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Feuerstein | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 3,268 m (10,722 ft) |
| Prominence | 441 m (1,447 ft) |
| Listing | Alpine mountains above 3000 m |
| Coordinates | 46°58′22″N 11°14′29″E / 46.97278°N 11.24139°E / 46.97278; 11.24139 |
| Geography | |
|  | |
| Location | Tyrol, Austria / South Tyrol, Italy |
| Parent range | Stubai Alps |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | Around 1855, again 14 September 1869 by Julius Ficker, Pankraz Gleinser and Andreas Pfurtscheller |


title: Seann Walsh

abstract: Sean Christopher Walsh, known professionally as Seann Walsh, is an English stand-up comedian.

text:
# Seann Walsh

**Sean Christopher Walsh** (born 2 December 1985), known professionally as **Seann Walsh**, is an English stand-up comedian.

## Early life

Walsh was born in Camden in London, but was brought up in Brighton. He left school with one GCSE examination pass, in Drama.

## Career

Walsh is a graduate of Jill Edwards' comedy workshops and performed his first gig in November 2006. He won several awards early in his career including *Leicester Mercury Comedian of the Year (2009)* and *Chortle Best Newcomer (2009)*. Walsh supported Stephen K. Amos on his 2008/09 *Find the Funny* and 2009/10 *The Feelgood Factor* tours, as well as at the 2010 *Reading and Leeds Festival*.

Walsh was resident host at Komedia's *Comic Boom* in Brighton and has also been an 'audience wrangler' (a more recent version of the traditional warm-up comedian) for *QI*.

Walsh performed his 2012 show *Seann to Be Wild* at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and toured the country with it. He has performed shows with fellow comedian Josh Widdicombe named "Ying and Young". His 2013 Edinburgh Fringe show *The Lie-In King* received good press.

Walsh's stand-up style has been described as "impressively universal, gag-heavy, observational".

Walsh also presents a weekly show on FUBAR Radio with his friend, Mark Simmons.

From 8 September 2018, Walsh participated in the sixteenth series of *Strictly Come Dancing* with professional dance partner Katya Jones. Early in the series, it was reported that he had become romantically involved with Jones despite both of them being in long-term relationships, and his popularity suffered as a result. Walsh and Jones did an interview with Zoe Ball following the controversy, where after a televised grilling from Ball, Walsh apologised. The couple were voted out in Week 6.

Seann hosted *Flinch*, a physical gameshow for Netflix, alongside Lloyd Griffith, and Desiree Burch. The show is produced by Stellify Media.

In 2022, Walsh participated in Series 22 of *I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!* on ITV1, and finished in 5th place on 25 November 2022.

## Personal life

Walsh's relationship with actress Rebecca Humphries ended in October 2018 after a video and photos of him kissing his *Strictly Come Dancing* partner Katya Jones were published. It was later reported that Katya and her husband Neil Jones had separated as an indirect result of the incident. In a now-viral tweet, Humphries stated that Walsh had called her “mental” and “psycho” for voicing her suspicions about his relationship with Jones in the weeks leading up to the incident. In her 2022 memoir *Why Did You Stay?* Humphries alleged that Walsh had reacted similarly when confronted about other instances of inappropriate behaviour throughout their five-year relationship. Humphries described Walsh as an emotionally abusive, controlling, and aggressive partner, and stated that several women had come forward following the *Strictly s*candal to reveal Walsh’s numerous past affairs. Walsh subsequently incorporated his experiences on *Strictly* into his standup act. During an interview with Ellie Calnan, in March 2022, Walsh described how the incident was still "trauma" for him and how he underwent treatment for depression and anxiety, to help him cope with the fallout.

Walsh has been in a relationship with dance teacher Grace Adderley since 2019. They live in a Victorian terraced house in Shepherd's Bush, London and welcomed their first child, a daughter, in February 2023. He is a Queens Park Rangers fan.

## Appearances

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2009–2013 | *Mock the Week* | Panelist | 5 appearances |
| 2010 | *Michael McIntyre's Comedy Roadshow* | Himself | Episode 5- Bristol |
| 2011–2014 | *Never Mind the Buzzcocks* | Panelist | 4 appearances |
| 2011–13 | *Stand Up for the Week* | Himself | 25 episodes (including 1 guest appearance) |
| 2011, 2013, 2016 | *Live at the Apollo* | Himself | 3 appearances |
| 2013 | *Seann Walsh World* | Presenter | 6 episodes |
| 2013 | Big Bad World | Eggman | Sitcom for Comedy Central |
| 2015, 2016 | *8 Out of 10 Cats* | Panelist | 3 appearances |
| 2014–2017 | *Virtually Famous* | Team Captain | 4 series for E4 |
| 2015 | *8 Out of 10 Cats Does Countdown* | Panelist | 2 appearances |
| 2015 | *Play to the Whistle* | Scorekeeper | 7 episodes |
| 2017–2018 | *Bad Move* | Grizzo | Sitcom for ITV 2 |
| 2018 | *Strictly Come Dancing* | Contestant | Series 16 |
| 2019 | *The Jonathan Ross Show* | Himself |  |
| 2019 | *Flinch* | Himself | 6 episodes for Netflix |
| 2022 | *The Lovebox in Your Living Room* | Various |  |
| 2022 | *I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!* | 5th Place | Series 22 |
|

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | *Clown* | Charlie Holmes | Also writer and producer
Short film |
|

### Radio

### Tours

| Year | Title | Shows | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012–2013 | *Seann To Be Wild* | 80 dates | DVD release |
| 2016 | *One for the Road* | 64 dates |  |
| 2019 | *After This One, I'm Going Home* | 88 shows |  |
| 2022 | *Seann Walsh is Dead. Happy Now?* | 63 shows | Debut at Edinburgh Fringe |
| 2023–2024 | *Back from the Bed* | TBC |  |
|

### Online releases

| Show | Release Date | Platform | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Kiss* | 27 March 2022 | Released on YouTube |  |
| *Seann Walsh is Dead, Happy Now?* | 7 April 2024 | Released on YouTube |  |  |
|

## Awards

## InfoBox

| Seann Walsh | |
| --- | --- |
| Seann Walsh, Glastonbury Festival, 2019 | |
| Birth name | Sean Christopher Walsh |
| Born | (1985-12-02) 2 December 1985
Camden, London, England |
| Medium | Stand-up, podcast |
| Years active | 2006–present |
| Subject(s) | British culture, pop culture, self-deprecation, recreational drug use, drinking culture |
| Partner(s) | Rebecca Humphries (2013–2018)
Grace Adderley (2019–present) |
| Notable works and roles | *Mock the Week* (2009–2013)
*Virtually Famous* (2014–2017)
*Strictly Come Dancing* (2018)
*I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here* (2022) |
| Website | Official website |


title: Canonero II

abstract: Cañonero II was a Venezuelan champion Thoroughbred race horse that may be best remembered for winning the first two legs of the 1971 U.S. Triple Crown, the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes.

text:
# Canonero II

**Cañonero II** (April 24, 1968 – November 11, 1981) was a Venezuelan champion Thoroughbred race horse that may be best remembered for winning the first two legs of the 1971 U.S. Triple Crown, the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes.

## Background

Bred by Edward B. Benjamin in Greensboro, North Carolina, the bay colt was born with a noticeably crooked foreleg, so was considered to have no future in racing. He was sold as a yearling for $1,200 at the Keeneland Sales to Venezuelan breeders Ramon Echegaray and Luis Navas. Purchased by Edgar Caibett, the horse was shipped to his owner's native Venezuela, where he earned an undistinguished record racing as a two-year-old in La Rinconada Hippodrome.

## Triple Crown races

Because of his breeding, Cañonero II qualified for the Kentucky Derby, the most prestigious event in United States Thoroughbred horse racing. Trained by Juan Arias and ridden by jockey Gustavo Avila, in the spring of 1971, the horse was shipped to Louisville, Kentucky, for the big race. There, Cañonero II was dismissed as a horse that did not belong in such elite company and was listed at the bottom of the pack of the betting odds as part of a six-horse pool.

In the Derby's 20-horse field, Cañonero II shocked everyone by coming from 18th place to storm past the competition, easily winning the race by 334 lengths. Arguably the most astonishing upset in the race's history was deemed a fluke by many of horse racing's experts, who predicted Cañonero II would never win another race. However, in the Preakness Stakes, the second of the Triple Crown races, Cañonero II won again.

The third leg of the Triple Crown, the Belmont Stakes held near New York City, was run before the largest crowd in its history. The stands were filled with members of the city's large Latino community, there to cheer on their new hero. However, due to a foot infection that had bothered the horse for several days, Cañonero II, after taking the race lead, struggled across the finish line in fourth place. Despite this loss, he was named the winner of the 1971 Eclipse Award for Outstanding Three-Year-Old Male Horse.

## Later career

Sold to the King Ranch, Cañonero II was nursed back to health by Hall of Fame trainer Buddy Hirsch. The following year in the Stymie Handicap at Belmont Park, he set a track record while defeating the great three-year-old champion Riva Ridge.

Retired to stud at the end of 1972, Cañonero II died in 1981.

Pedigree of Cañonero II
| Sire
Pretendre | Doutelle | Prince Chevalier | Prince Rose |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Chevalerie |
| | Above Board | Straight Deal |
| | Feola |
| | Limicola | Verso | Pinceau |
| | | Variete |
| | Uccello | Donatello II |
| | Great Tit |
| Dam
Dixieland II | Nantallah | Nasrullah | Nearco |
| | | Mumtaz Begum |
| | Shimmer | Flares |
| | Broad Ripple |
| | Ragtime Band | Johnstown | Jamestown |
| | | La France |
| | Martial Air | Man o' War |
| | Baton |

## InfoBox

| Cañonero II | |
| --- | --- |
| Sire | Pretendre |
| Grandsire | Doutelle |
| Dam | Dixieland II |
| Damsire | Nantallah |
| Sex | Stallion |
| Foaled | (1968-04-24)April 24, 1968 |
| Died | November 11, 1981(1981-11-11) (aged 13) |
| Country | Venezuela |
| Colour | Bay |
| Breeder | Edward B. Benjamin |
| Owner | Pedro Batista
King Ranch (late 1971) |
| Trainer | Juan Arias
Buddy Hirsch (1972) |
| Record | 23: 9-3-4 |
| Earnings | $360,804 |
| Major wins | |
| Stymie Handicap (1972)**Triple Crown Race wins:**
**Kentucky Derby** (1971)
**Preakness Stakes** (1971) | |
| Awards | |
| U.S. Champion 3-Yr-Old Colt (1971) | |
| Last updated on September 27, 2006 | |


title: Do Re Creativa TV

abstract: Do Re Creativa TV was a programadora television production company based in Colombia.

text:
# Do Re Creativa TV

**Do Re Creativa TV** was a *programadora* television production company based in Colombia.

## History

It operated from August 1979 to the end of 1991. It was created and owned by Jimmy Salcedo.

## Programming

Do Re Creativa TV was allotted 1 1/2 hours of programming a week. Its main program was El show de Jimmy, which had been previously presented under the auspices of Producciones PUNCH and was presented from 1992 to 1993, after Do Re Creativa ceased operations, by TeVecine.


title: Sutlej Express

abstract: The Sutlej Express is an Express train belonging to Northern Railway zone that runs between Firozpur Cantonment and Chandigarh Junction in India. Earlier, it was used to run between Firozpur Cantonment and Ludhiana Junction, Later it was extended up to Chandigarh Junction. It is currently being operated with 14629/14630 train numbers on a daily basis.

text:
# Sutlej Express

The **Sutlej Express** is an Express train belonging to Northern Railway zone that runs between Firozpur Cantonment and Chandigarh Junction in India. Earlier, it was used to run between Firozpur Cantonment and Ludhiana Junction, Later it was extended up to Chandigarh Junction. It is currently being operated with 14629/14630 train numbers on a daily basis.

## History

Before Partition of India in 1947, there was a train named Sutlej Express connecting Samma Satta Junction near Bahawalpur with Ludhiana Junction. The train used to cover 532 kilometres (331 mi) in 10 hours 30 mins time having average speed of 50.67 kilometres per hour (31.48 mph) & travelling via Lodhran, Kasur & Firozpur. But this service was withdrawn after partition of India from 15th August 1947.

## Service

The current 14629/14630 Sutlej Express has average speed of 47.20 kilometres per hour (29.33 mph) and covers 236 kilometres (147 mi) in 5 hrs 00 mins.

## Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:

## Coach composition

The train has standard ICF rakes with a maximum speed of 110 km/h. The train consists of 16 coaches:

* 14 General Unreserved
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake

## Traction

The route is partially electrified yet so both trains are hauled by a Ludhiana Loco Shed-based WDM-3A diesel locomotive from Firozpur to Ludhiana and vice versa.

## Rake sharing

The train shares its rake with 14601/14602 Firozpur Cantonment–Shri Ganganagar Express and 54641/54642 Delhi–Firozpur Passenger.

**Rake reversal**

Train reverses its direction at Ludhiana Junction in vice versa.

1. CANCELLATION/DIVERSION /SHORT TERMINATION/SHORT ORIGINATION OF TRAINS DUE TO DERAILMENT OF 11078JAMMU TAWI-PUNE JHELUM EXPRESS TRAIN
2. "Seven pairs of trains cancelled till Feb 15"
3. Dera protest derails traffic in Punjab

## InfoBox

Sutlej Express
| Overview | |
| --- | --- |
| Service type | Express |
| Current operator(s) | Northern Railway zone |
| Route | |
| Termini | Chandigarh Junction (CDG)<br>Firozpur Cantonment (FZR) |
| Stops | 10 |
| Distance travelled | 236 km (147 mi) |
| Average journey time | 5 hours 00 mins |
| Service frequency | Daily |
| Train number(s) | 14629/14630 |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | General Unreserved |
| Seating arrangements | Yes |
| Sleeping arrangements | No |
| Catering facilities | No |
| Observation facilities | ICF coach |
| Entertainment facilities | No |
| Baggage facilities | No |
| Other facilities | Below the seats |
| Technical | |
| Rolling stock | 2 |
| Track gauge | 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) |
| Operating speed | 47.20 km/h (29 mph), including halts |


title: Cryptanthus lacerdae

abstract: Cryptanthus lacerdae is a plant species in the genus Cryptanthus. This species is endemic to Brazil.

text:
# Cryptanthus lacerdae

***Cryptanthus lacerdae*** is a plant species in the genus *Cryptanthus*. This species is endemic to Brazil.

## Cultivars

* Martinelli, Gustavo; Vieira, Cláudia Magalhães; Gonzalez, Marcos; Leitman, Paula; Piratininga, Andréa; Costa, Andrea Ferreira da; Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini (January 2008). "Bromeliaceae da Mata Atlântica Brasileira: lista de espécies, distribuição e conservação" \[Bromeliaceae of the brazilian Atlantic Forest: checklist, distribution and conservation\]. *Rodriguésia* (in Brazilian Portuguese). **59** (1): 209–258. doi:10.1590/2175-7860200859114. JSTOR 23499386.
* BSI Cultivar Registry Retrieved 11 October 2009

## InfoBox

| *Cryptanthus lacerdae* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Bromeliaceae |
| Genus: | *Cryptanthus* |
| Species: | ***C. lacerdae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cryptanthus lacerdae***<br>Antoine | |
|


title: Cryptanthus pickelii

abstract: Cryptanthus pickelii is a plant species in the genus Cryptanthus. This species is endemic to Brazil.

text:
# Cryptanthus pickelii

***Cryptanthus pickelii*** is a plant species in the genus *Cryptanthus*. This species is endemic to Brazil.

## Cultivars

* Martinelli, Gustavo; Vieira, Cláudia Magalhães; Gonzalez, Marcos; Leitman, Paula; Piratininga, Andréa; Costa, Andrea Ferreira da; Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini (January 2008). "Bromeliaceae da Mata Atlântica Brasileira: lista de espécies, distribuição e conservação" \[Bromeliaceae of the brazilian Atlantic Forest: checklist, distribution and conservation\]. *Rodriguésia* (in Brazilian Portuguese). **59** (1): 209–258. doi:10.1590/2175-7860200859114. JSTOR 23499386.
* BSI Cultivar Registry Retrieved 11 October 2009

## InfoBox

| *Cryptanthus pickelii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Bromeliaceae |
| Genus: | *Cryptanthus* |
| Species: | ***C. pickelii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cryptanthus pickelii***<br>L.B.Sm. | |
|


title: Cubismo

abstract: Cubismo is a Croatian music band of eleven members playing salsa and latin jazz. The band was formed in 1995 by a gathering of eight eminent musicians from various Croatian music bands. They also featured a Venezuelan vocalist Ricardo Luque.

text:
# Cubismo

**Cubismo** is a Croatian music band of eleven members playing salsa and latin jazz. The band was formed in 1995 by a gathering of eight eminent musicians from various Croatian music bands. They also featured a Venezuelan vocalist Ricardo Luque.

## Overview

The name Cubismo was created from Dizzy Gillespie's piece "Cu-bi Cu-bop", which represents one of the first music mixes of jazz and afro-Cuban music. The name is associated with Cuba as well, which has a music tradition known as the cornerstone of entire music genre made and performed by Cubismo.

Their sound is characterized by multiplicity of instruments and expressively strong dance rhythm produced by a multi-member rhythm section. Besides remakes of standard jazz pieces, popular and traditional Cuban songs, they perform their own pieces.

They are signed with the record label, Aquarius Records (Croatia).

## Albums