abstract:
"Cinema" is a song written by Federico Nardelli, Lorenzo Urciullo and Samuel Umberto Romano and recorded by Italian singers Samuel and Francesca Michielin. Produced by Nardelli, the song was released as a single on 14 May 2021. With lyrics describing a desire to return to carefree days, the song was chosen by Italian radio station RTL 102.5 as a candidate song of the summer at the RTL 102.5 Power Hits Estate 2021.
It peaked at number 93 on the FIMI Italian Singles Chart.

text:
# Cinema (Samuel and Francesca Michielin song)

"**Cinema**" is a song written by Federico Nardelli, Lorenzo Urciullo and Samuel Umberto Romano and recorded by Italian singers Samuel and Francesca Michielin. Produced by Nardelli, the song was released as a single on 14 May 2021. With lyrics describing a desire to return to carefree days, the song was chosen by Italian radio station RTL 102.5 as a candidate song of the summer at the RTL 102.5 Power Hits Estate 2021. It peaked at number 93 on the FIMI Italian Singles Chart.

## Background

The song was written by Samuel, Lorenzo Urciullo and Federico Nardelli. Since the beginning, it was conceived as a duet. Samuel and Michielin met for the first time during an episode of Italian talent show *X Factor* in 2019, when Samuel was a judge and Michielin appeared as a musical guest. Despite this, the idea to involve Michielin in the project came from Urciullo, who previously collaborated with her. Michielin was asked to perform the song through her manager, Marta Donà, and was enthusiastic about it. The song's lyrics were slightly changed in order to better represent Michilien.

Its lyrics focus on the will to come back to cheerful and carefree days, after months during which people had to deal with restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and spent a lot of time at home watching films alone. According to Samuel, "Beyond the bad parts of these times, we had the opportunity to re-discover ourselves through several film stages, and I liked the idea to talk about it through a song that talks about starting again, about getting back on the road of ordinary days". The song's lyrics include several film references, citing directors Tinto Brass and François Truffaut, as well as films *Jules and Jim* and *Jackie Brown*.

## Music video

The music video for the song was directed by Giacomo Triglia. Filmed in Venice, it shows Samuel and Michielin in the Venetian Lagoon, while a monster is following them. After they appear on the red carpet of the Venice Film Festival, they discover nobody is waiting for them. In the end, they start dancing together with the lagoon monster. The video premiered at Italian cinemas on 28 May 2021, and was broadcast before every film for 48 hours, until 30 May 2021.

## Charts

| Chart (2021) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Italy (FIMI) | 93 |
| San Marino (SMRRTV Top 50) | 9 |
|

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Italy (FIMI) | Gold | 35,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "Cinema" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Samuel and Francesca Michielin | |
| from the album  *Brigata bianca* | |
| Released | 14 May 2021 (2021-05-14) |
| Genre | Dance-pop |
| Length | 2:49 |
| Label | Epic |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Federico Nardelli |
| Samuel singles chronology | |
| "Cocoricò"
(2021) "**Cinema**"
(2021) "Quella sera"
(2021) | |
|  | |
| Francesca Michielin singles chronology | |
| "Chiamami per nome"
(2021) "**Cinema**"
(2021) "Nei tuoi occhi"
(2021) | |
|  | |


title: Cianjhen District

abstract: Cianjhen District is a district in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. It covers an area of 19.1207 km⁲ (7.3825 sq mi) and is subdivided into 59 villages. The district has a population is 180,097, as of October 2023. It is the fifth-most populated district in Kaohsiung, with a population density of 9,457 people per square kilometer, or 24,494 people per square mile.

text:
# Cianjhen District

22°36′02″N 120°18′53″E / 22.60062°N 120.314785°E / 22.60062; 120.314785

**Cianjhen District** (Chinese: 前鎭; Hanyu Pinyin: *qiánzhèn qū*; Tongyong Pinyin: *Ciánjhèn Cyu*; Wade–Giles: *Ch'ien2-chên4 Ch'ü1*) is a district in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. It covers an area of 19.1207 km2 (7.3825 sq mi) and is subdivided into 59 villages. The district has a population is 180,097, as of October 2023. It is the fifth-most populated district in Kaohsiung, with a population density of 9,457 people per square kilometer, or 24,494 people per square mile.

## History

On July 31, 2014, the 2014 Kaohsiung gas explosions occurred in the district and in nearby Lingya District.

## Administrative divisions

The district consists of Caoya, Mingxiao, Mingzheng, Mingyi, Renai, Dechang, Pingdeng, Pingchang, Mingli, Xinyi, Xinde, Mingdao, Xinghua, Xingren, Qianzhen, Zhentung, Zhenrong, Zhenchang, Zhenhai, Zhenyang, Xingbang, Zhenzhong, Zhenbei, Zhongchun, Zhongcheng, Xishan, Minquan, Jianlong, Zhenxing, Lianghe, Xijia, Chengxing, Chengfeng, Xingzhong, Xingtung, Zhongxiao, Fuguo, Zhunei, Zhutung, Zhunan, Zhubei, Zhuxi, Zhuzhong, Ruizhu, Ruinan, Ruifeng, Ruixiang, Ruitung, Ruihe, Ruiping, Ruilong, Ruibei, Ruixi, Ruigang, Ruixing, Ruicheng, Ruiwen, Ruihua and Ruichang villages.

## Government agencies

## Education

## Infrastructure

## Tourist attractions

## Transportation

Cianjhen is served by the following metro stations:

Cianjhen is the southern terminus of Freeway 1, while Provincial Highway 17 also runs through the district.

## Notable natives

1. Wong, Chong-Fong (王崇豐); Liang, Hua-Zhen (梁華蓁); Wang, Li-Ya (王麗雅); Wang, Jian-Min (王建民); Lee, Meng-Tsung (李孟璁) (1 December 2019). "Analysis of the effectiveness of the vocational exploration center: A Case Study on Kaohsiung Municipal Cianjhen Junior High School" 職探中心成效之分析－以高雄市前鎮國中職探中心為例. *海洋休閒管理學刊 Journal of Marine Leisure Management* (in Chinese (Taiwan) and English). **8**. Retrieved 10 November 2020  via Airiti Library.
2. Guowei Ma; Yimiao Huang; Jingde Li (12 May 2019). "VCE Overpressure Prediction Using Empirical Methods". *Risk Analysis of Vapour Cloud Explosions for Oil and Gas Facilities*. pp. 23–44. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7948-2\_2. ISBN 978-981-13-7947-5. S2CID 164581214. On 31 July 2014, a series of gas explosions occurred in the Cianjhen and Lingya districts of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, following reported gas leaks earlier that night
3. Kun-Sung Liu (2017). "Estimation of seismic ground motions and attendant potential human fatalities from scenario earthquakes on the Chishan fault in southern Taiwan". *Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences*. **28** (5): 718. Bibcode:2017TAOS...28..715L. doi:10.3319/TAO.2017.01.06.01. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 November 2020  via ResearchGate.
4. 1.7-鄉鎮市區戶口數 \[Population for Township and District\]. *Ministry of the Interior* (in Chinese (Taiwan) and English). August 2020. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 21 September 2020. 前鎮區 Cianjhen District 19.1207 79,507 186,518 91,397 95,121 96.08 2.35 9,755
5. *Cycling in Taiwan*. Taiwan Tourism Bureau. 2008. p. 127. ISBN 978-986-01-4591-5  via Internet Archive.
6. Sherry Liu (8 June 2020). "The Initial Occurrence Report of KRTC's Light Rail T05". *Taiwan Transportation Safety Board*. Archived from the original on 10 November 2020.
7. "Administrative Districts". *高雄市政府*. 30 September 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2017. Cianjhen District
8. "雙語詞彙". *Kaohsiung Municipal Government* (in Chinese (Taiwan) and English). 30 August 2016. Archived from the original on 15 September 2020. Retrieved 15 September 2020. 中文 英文 類別 提供單位
...
前鎮區 Cianjhen District \[旅遊資訊(travel)\] KCG
9. "Organization and Functions of Kaohsiung City Government" (PDF). 2007. p. 173. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019. Cianjhen District
10. "current situation of the school". *高雄市立前鎮高級中學 Kaohsiung Municipal Cianjhen Senior High School*. Archived from the original on 28 October 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2020. Sitting at Cianjhen District, Kaohsiung City and coveringan area of more than four hectares, Cianjhen Senior High School (CJHS) was eatablished in 1960.
11. "About Cianjhen". *Cianjhen District Office*. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
12. Cianjhen (Variant - V) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
13. "2014-0806 AIT Kaohsiung Branch Office Moving to New Location August 8". American Institute in Taiwan. 6 August 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2019. The new office address will be 5F, No. 88, Chenggong 2nd Road, Cianjhen District, Kaohsiung City.{...}Location: Multipurpose Conference Room at the American Institute in Taiwan Kaohsiung Branch Office (No. 88, Chenggong 2nd Road, Cianjhen District, Kaohsiung City)
14. "Hon Hai to set up 'smart' server plant in Kaohsiung". *Taipei Times*. 28 May 2019. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019. Hon Hai in 2011 established a foothold in the Kaohsiung Software Park in Cianjhen District (前鎮) as part of its efforts to develop a wider range of applications for use in smartphones, tablet and notebook computers, desktop computers, flat panels, education, Internet communications and cloud-based technology gadgets.
15. George Liao (8 March 2020). "Hot spring hotel in NE Taiwan folds over coronavirus fears". *Taiwan News*. Archived from the original on 10 November 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020. Meanwhile, Yu Xiang Yuan (渝香園), a 37-year-old restaurant in Kaohsiung's Cianjhen District popular for its Taiwanese cuisine, will close its doors at the end of March due to the impact of the outbreak.
16. "Taiwan gas blasts in Kaohsiung kill at least 25". *BBC News*. 1 August 2014. Retrieved 24 July 2019. People had been ordered to stay home from school and work in Kaohsiung's Cianjhen and Lingya districts on Friday, local media reported.
17. Austin Ramzy (31 July 2014). "Gas Suspected in Fatal Blasts That Jolted a City in Taiwan". *The New York Times*. Archived from the original on 2 August 2014. Retrieved 10 November 2020. Residents reported a large-scale gas leak about 9 p.m. in the city's Cianjhen District, Taiwan's National Fire Agency said.
18. "2018 Local Elections". Archived from the original on 2018-11-27. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
19. Office, Cianjhen District (8 June 2016). "Cianjhen District Office.Kaoshiung City".

## InfoBox

| Cianjhen 前鎭區Qianzhen | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Cianjhen District | |
| Skyline of Kaohsiung viewed from Cianjhen Star | |
|  | |
| Cianjhen District in Kaohsiung City | |
| Country | Taiwan |
| City | Kaohsiung |
| Population (October 2023) | |
| Total | 180,097 |
| Website | kccdo.kcg.gov.tw/en/ (in English) |


title: Cireș (Bâsca)

abstract: The Cireș is a right tributary of the river Bâsca in Romania. Its length is 11.1 km (6.9 mi) and its basin size is 32.4 km⁲ (12.5 sq mi).

text:
# Cireș (Bâsca)

The **Cireș** is a right tributary of the river Bâsca in Romania. Its length is 11.1 km (6.9 mi) and its basin size is 32.4 km2 (12.5 sq mi) (including the Corongoș basin).

## InfoBox

| Cireș | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Romania |
| Counties | Covasna County |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source | Mount Tistaș |
| location | Buzău Mountains |
| coordinates | 45°42′12″N 26°10′44″E / 45.70333°N 26.17889°E / 45.70333; 26.17889 |
| elevation | 1,028 m (3,373 ft) |
|  | |
| Mouth | Bâsca |
| coordinates | 45°39′35″N 26°15′07″E / 45.65972°N 26.25194°E / 45.65972; 26.25194 |
| elevation | 947 m (3,107 ft) |
| Length | 11.1 km (6.9 mi) |
| Basin size | 32.4 km2 (12.5 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | BâscaBuzăuSiretDanubeBlack Sea |
| Tributaries |  |
| right | Corongoș |


title: Spikes (surname)

abstract:
Spikes is the surname of:
  - Brandon Spikes, American National Football League (NFL) linebacker
  - Cameron Spikes, American former NFL football guard
  - Charlie Spikes, Major League Baseball player
  - Irving Spikes, American former NFL running back
  - Jack Spikes, former American collegiate and American Football League running back and placekicker
  - John Spikes (1881–1955), American jazz musician and entrepreneur
  - Ken Spikes (1935-2009), former NASCAR Cup Series driver
  - Reb Spikes (1888–1982), American jazz saxophonist and entrepreneur
  - Richard Spikes (1884–1962), African-American engineer
  - Takeo Spikes, American NFL linebacker

text:
# Spikes (surname)

**Spikes** is the surname of:

* Brandon Spikes (born 1987), American National Football League (NFL) linebacker
* Cameron Spikes (born 1976), American former NFL football guard
* Charlie Spikes (born 1951), Major League Baseball player
* Irving Spikes (born 1970), American former NFL running back
* Jack Spikes (born 1937), former American collegiate and American Football League running back and placekicker
* John Spikes (1881–1955), American jazz musician and entrepreneur
* Ken Spikes (1935-2009), former NASCAR Cup Series driver
* Reb Spikes (1888–1982), American jazz saxophonist and entrepreneur
* Richard Spikes (1884–1962), African-American engineer
* Takeo Spikes (born 1976), American NFL linebacker


title: Cikava, Mokronog-Trebelno

abstract: Cikava is a small settlement in the Municipality of Mokronog-Trebelno in southeastern Slovenia. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Historically the area was part of Lower Carniola.

text:
# Cikava, Mokronog-Trebelno

**Cikava** (pronounced \[tsiˈkaːʋa\]) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Mokronog-Trebelno in southeastern Slovenia. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Historically the area was part of Lower Carniola.

## InfoBox

| Cikava | |
| --- | --- |
| CikavaLocation in Slovenia | |
| Coordinates: 45°53′40.83″N 15°10′30.88″E / 45.8946750°N 15.1752444°E / 45.8946750; 15.1752444 | |
| Country | Slovenia |
| Traditional region | Lower Carniola |
| Statistical region | Southeast Slovenia |
| Municipality | Mokronog-Trebelno |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.09 km2 (0.42 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 395.5 m (1,297.6 ft) |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 29 |
|  | |


title: Sport Áncash

abstract: Club Sport Áncash is a Peruvian football club, playing in the city of Huaraz. Sport Áncash was founded on April 22, 1967. The team plays its home games at Rosas Pampa stadium.

text:
# Sport Áncash

**Club Sport Áncash** is a Peruvian football club, playing in the city of Huaraz. Sport Áncash was founded on April 22, 1967. The team plays its home games at Rosas Pampa stadium.

## History

### Beginnings

The club was founded in 1960 by a group of young men from Huaraz and Chacas in Ancash. The team was named Sport Áncash after the street where many of the players lived which disappeared after the 1970 Ancash earthquake. The club was re-established on April 22, 1967 as *Club Deportivo Comunitario Laboral Sport Áncash* by one of the local labor unions. The club played for many years in the liga distrital de Huaraz. For many years after the earthquake the club was owned by various state and union organizations until 2004 when the future congressman José Mallqui took over as club president.

### Significant Copa Perú Campaigns

The club would reach some national recognition when it reached the national stage of the 1976 Copa Perú. During the first years of the Copa Perú the six regional champions played a round robin tournament in Lima in which the team with the most points was promoted to the Peruvian Primera División. In 1976 Sport Áncash qualified to the final round robin. They reached the last game tied on points against Coronel Bolognesi. They would go on to lose 2–0 and with that lose their chances of reaching the Torneo Descentralizado. Sport Áncash would reach the regional stage in 1998 and 1999 but would not qualify to the national stage until 2000. During the 2000 Copa Perú, the club faced Atletico Grau. They would lose their away game 1–0 and win at home 0–3. Because only points and not goals were taken into consideration, a play-off game was played on neutral ground in Lima where Sport Áncash lost 3–1.

### 2004 Copa Perú Championship

In 2004 under the leadership of José Mallqui as president and Tito Chumpitaz as coach, Sport Áncash would win the Copa Perú and make it to the Peruvian Primera División for the first time. Sport Áncash and Jose Gálvez both qualified to the regional stage that year as departamental champion and runner up, respectively. Even though they were both seeded into different groups they played each other in the regional final, which Sport Áncash won 1–0. Both teams also qualified to the national stage where they met again in the quarterfinals. Jose Gálvez won the first leg 4–1 and Sport Áncash the second 3–2. In a neutral play-off in Lima, Sport Áncash beat its departamental rival 1–0 to reach the semifinals. In the semifinals, they defeated Sport Alfonso Ugarte with a global score of 3–2. In the finals, they defeated one of the oldest teams in the country, Deportivo Municipal, who had qualified as the 2004 Peruvian Segunda División runner up. Because the Peruvian Segunda División was only played by Lima clubs at the time the Peruvian Football Federation took its promotion berth and had the winner and runner up automatically qualify to the Copa Perú national stage. The first leg was played in Huaraz and the second in the Estadio Nacional in Lima. Sport Áncash won by a global score of 4–1 and was promoted to the 2005 Torneo Descentralizado season.

### Years in Peruvian top-flight

Sport Áncash started its first season in the first division with many of its players from the Copa Perú and with Rafael Castañeda as coach. That first year it finished 6th in the aggregated table as the best team not qualified to an international tournament. 2006 was not a good year for the club which had to fight to avoid relegation for most of the year. They should have been relegated anyway because of inscription problem with their squad members were it not for a questionable amnesty granted by the Peruvian Football Federation. 2007 was the best year for the club. Sport Áncash finished 3rd during the Torneo Apertura and 6th during the Torneo Clausura only three points away from the tournament champion. Over all it finished 3rd in the league which qualified it for the first international tournament in its history, the 2008 Copa Sudamericana alongside Universitario de Deportes. During 2008 the club finished 12th during the Torneo Apertura which saw the coach Jose Torres sacked. With the help of Antonio Alzamendi, Sport Áncash was able to fight for the Torneo Clausura and finish 3rd and 6th in the aggregated table only staying away from another international tournament by goal difference. In 2009 the club was not able to save itself from relegation by finishing 15th in the new 16 teams tournament only one point away from the 14th place occupied by Alianza Atletico. By this time the club owners started accumulating a massive debt which would later bring the club's down fall.

### First Segunda Division Era

For the 2010 season the club finished 2nd in its first year in the Peruvian Segunda División behind Cobresol. José Mallqui was joined by Reynaldo Huayaney in an effort to control the massive amount of debt that the club carried over from its bad year in the Torneo Descentralizado. During the 2011 and 2012 seasons the club had two great years tainted by debt which saw it lose 12 points and 4 points respectively at the end of the tournament which brought it down from 2nd to 4th place during both tournaments. In 2013, Sport Áncash was not able to finish the season and the team folded.

### Resurgence

In September 2013 the club collapse because of accumulation of debt and was re-launched by Mallqui under the name *Sport Áncash Fútbol Club* as a way to escape its many acreditors. This team started playing at the second division level in the Liga Distrital de Huaraz. By 2014 the club was once again in the local first division league completing a mediocre campaign. In 2015, Sport Áncash F.C. reached the national stage once again and was defeated in the quarterfinals by Cristal Tumbes. Because of its good performance it was invited to participate once more in the Peruvian Segunda División after a long financial examination during the 2016 season. During their first season in the Peruvian Segunda División, Sport Áncash tied on points with Academia Cantolao from Callao and forced a title play-off match which they lost 2–0.

## International tournaments

In 2008, in their first international participation, they faced Ñublense of Chile for the Copa Sudamericana. They lost in their visit 1–0 in Concepción and then they won 4–0 in Huancayo. In the second stage they faced Palmeiras of Brazil, being eliminated after drawing 0–0 in Lima and a lost 1–0 in São Paulo.

## Rivalries

Sport Áncash has had a long-standing rivalry with José Gálvez. The two clubs have had the distinction of being the only clubs to face each other in the top five levels of the Peruvian football league system and the now defunct domestic cup league, Copa del Inca. Sport Áncash has recently gained a rivalry against Sport Rosario who are also from Huaraz.

## Historic Badges

## Honours

### National

#### League

#### National cups

### Regional

### Friendly National

## Performance in CONMEBOL competitions

2008: Round of 16

### Sport Áncash in South America

| Season | Competition | Round | Country | Club | Home Leg | Away Leg | Aggregate |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2008 | Copa Sudamericana | First Stage |  | Ñublense | 4–0 | 1–0 | **4**–1 |
| | | Round of 16 |  | Palmeiras | 0–0 | 1–0 | **0**–1 |
|

## Current squad 2016

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  1 GK  PER Marco Rojas  2 DF  PER Ricardo Ramos  3 DF  PER Víctor Cartagena *(Captain)*  4 DF  PER Giovani Narvarte  7 MF  PER Einer Vásquez  12 GK  PER Alesandro Stein  13 DF  PER Emilio Gutiérrez  14 MF  PER Jean Zalón | No. Pos. Nation Player  18 FW  BRA Ronaille Calheira  19 MF  PER Jherly Falcón  22 DF  PER David Maguiña  23 FW  PER Sandro Rengifo  24 MF  PER Edgar Blas  25 DF  PER Arcadio Vargas  28 FW  COL Fabián González  30 MF  PER Clinton Bejarano |
| --- | --- |

## Notable players

1. "HISTORIA DE UN CAMPEON". *Facebook* (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
2. Ramirez, Aldo. "Machos Históricos: Te quiero verde en el Callejón". *DeChalaca.com* (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2019-01-16. Retrieved 2016-11-19.
3. Mercado, Jose Miguel. "Tito Chumpitaz en Sport Áncash: De vuelta a la cordillera". *Dechalaca.com*. Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
4. "FPF amnistio a Sport Ancash". *Deporte Futbol*. blogspot.com. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
5. Behr, Raul. "De triple categoría". *Dechalaca.com* (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 May 2022. Retrieved 19 November 2016.

## InfoBox

Sport Áncash
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Club Sport Áncash |
| Nickname(s) | *La Amenaza Verde, Los Verdes*, *El Ancash* |
| Founded | 1967 |
| Ground | Estadio Rosas Pampa, Huaraz |
| Capacity | 18,000 |
| Chairman | José Mallqui |
| Manager | Celestino Huaranga |
| League | Copa Perú |
| 2019 | Round of 16 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Splash Universe

abstract: Splash Universe is a subsidiary of Focus Hospitality Services, LLC, a developer, owner, and operator of hotels and resorts in the United States founded in 1984. Both Focus Hospitality and Splash Universe are headquartered in Sarasota, Florida. Focus developed the brand "Splash Universe Water Park Resorts" as a full-service, value-priced waterpark for families with children. Each Splash Universe indoor waterpark resort is characterized by an individualized theme. The current waterpark in Dundee, Michigan follows an outdoors motif, while the former Shipshewana, Indiana waterpark was country-themed. Both Splash Universe resorts opened in the Winter of 2006. On June 6, 2010, around 2:17am EST, an EF2 tornado struck the area of Dundee, MI, doing major damage to Cabela's, Splash Universe Waterpark, and restaurants in the area. There were no major injuries, but the waterpark and some nearby businesses had to close for several months to repair major damages from the tornado. The resort in Indiana closed in 2013.

text:
# Splash Universe

**Splash Universe** is a subsidiary of Focus Hospitality Services, LLC, a developer, owner, and operator of hotels and resorts in the United States founded in 1984. Both Focus Hospitality and Splash Universe are headquartered in Sarasota, Florida. Focus developed the brand "Splash Universe Water Park Resorts" as a full-service, value-priced waterpark for families with children.

Each Splash Universe indoor waterpark resort is characterized by an individualized theme. The current waterpark in Dundee, Michigan follows an outdoors motif, while the former Shipshewana, Indiana waterpark was country-themed. Both Splash Universe resorts opened in the Winter of 2006.

On June 6, 2010, around 2:17am EST, an EF2 tornado struck the area of Dundee, MI, doing major damage to Cabela's, Splash Universe Waterpark, and restaurants in the area. There were no major injuries, but the waterpark and some nearby businesses had to close for several months to repair major damages from the tornado.

The resort in Indiana closed in 2013.

*

https://splashuniverseresort.com/


title: Splash News

abstract: Splash News is an entertainment news agency. The company provides candid celebrity photography and video content for entertainment to print online, and broadcast to media outlets. Founded in 1990, Splash News has a global network of contributors and has offices in London, New York, Los Angeles, Miami and Berlin.

text:
# Splash News

**Splash News** is an entertainment news agency. The company provides candid celebrity photography and video content for entertainment to print online, and broadcast to media outlets.

Founded in 1990, Splash News has a global network of contributors and has offices in London, New York, Los Angeles, Miami and Berlin.

## History

In 2011, Corbis, the digital image company owned by Bill Gates, and formally known as the Branded Entertainment Network, acquired Splash News for an undisclosed amount. In 2016, Branded Entertainment Network sold Splash News to UK Company SilverHub Media. In 2021, the company was forced into Chapter 11 bankruptcy. In May 2022, the company was acquired by Shutterstock

## Business

Splash News has been credited with several celebrity stories. Some examples include the first images of Michael Jackson's first child, Tiger Woods' mistress, Sandra Bullock's first public appearance with her newly adopted son, and Anna Nicole Smith's death in 2007 where Splash were the only agency allowed in the church during the funeral service held in the Bahamas. Almost all of the money made from sales of the funeral images and video were donated to Anna’s and Larry’s daughter. Splash also provided coverage of the 2010 Copiapo Mining Accident in Chile.

## InfoBox

Splash News
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Entertainment |
| Founded | 1990 (1990) |
| Headquarters | London, United Kingdom |
| Products | Candid celebrity photography and video |
| Parent | Shutterstock |
| Website | splashnews.com |


# Sport climbing at the 2013 World Games – Men's lead

The men's lead competition in sport climbing at the 2013 World Games took place on 4 August 2013 at the Velodrome Exterior in Cali, Colombia.

## Competition format

A total of 17 athletes entered the competition. Top 8 climbers from semifinal qualifies to the final.

## Results

### Semifinal

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Height | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Ramón Julián Puigblanqué | Spain | 45+ | Q |
| 1 | Jakob Schubert | Austria | 45+ | Q |
| 3 | Sean McColl | Canada | 45 | Q |
| 4 | Magnus Midtbø | Norway | 44+ | Q |
| 5 | Stefano Ghisolfi | Italy | 42 | Q |
| 6 | Domen Škofic | Slovenia | 39+ | Q |
| 7 | Min Hyun-bin | South Korea | 34+ | Q |
| 7 | Romain Desgranges | France | 34+ | Q |
| 9 | Sebastian Halenke | Germany | 31+ |  |
| 10 | Manuel Romain | France | 26+ |  |
| 11 | Dmitry Fakiryanov | Russia | 26 |  |
| 11 | Mario Lechner | Austria | 26 |  |
| 13 | Facundo Langbehn | Chile | 24 |  |
| 14 | Joseph Gifford | United States | 18+ |  |
| 15 | Manuel Escobar | Venezuela | 15+ |  |
| 15 | Reinaldo Camacho | Venezuela | 15+ |  |
| 17 | Juan Arboleda | Colombia | 14+ |  |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Height |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Ramón Julián Puigblanqué | Spain | 48+ |
|  | Jakob Schubert | Austria | 47+ |
|  | Magnus Midtbø | Norway | 47+ |
| 4 | Min Hyun-bin | South Korea | 47+ |
| 5 | Sean McColl | Canada | 46+ |
| 6 | Romain Desgranges | France | 46+ |
| 7 | Stefano Ghisolfi | Italy | 41+ |
| 8 | Domen Škofic | Slovenia | 41 |

## InfoBox

| Sport climbing - Men's Lead <br>at the 2013 World Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Velodrome Exterior, Cali, Colombia |
| Dates | 4 August 2013 |
| Competitors | 17 from 14 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


# Sport climbing at the 2013 World Games – Women's lead

The women's lead competition in sport climbing at the 2013 World Games took place on 4 August 2013 at the Velodrome Exterior in Cali, Colombia.

## Competition format

A total of 18 athletes entered the competition. Top 8 climbers from semifinal qualifies to the final.

## Results

### Semifinal

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Height | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Dinara Fakhritdinova | Russia | Top | Q |
| 1 | Mina Markovič | Slovenia | Top | Q |
| 3 | Matilda Söderlund | Sweden | 39+ | Q |
| 4 | Charlotte Durif | France | 35+ | Q |
| 5 | Anna Eiter | Austria | 34+ | Q |
| 5 | Kim Ja-in | South Korea | 34+ | Q |
| 7 | Katharina Posch | Austria | 33 | Q |
| 8 | Magdalena Röck | Austria | 32.5+ | Q |
| 9 | Salomé Romain | France | 32.5 |  |
| 10 | Helene Janicot | France | 32+ |  |
| 10 | Evgenia Malamid | Russia | 32+ |  |
| 12 | Johanna Ernst | Austria | 26+ |  |
| 13 | Francis Rodriguez | Venezuela | 25 |  |
| 14 | Cicada Jenerik | United States | 24+ |  |
| 15 | Han Seu-ran | South Korea | 23+ |  |
| 16 | Marcela Avellaneda | Colombia | 22+ |  |
| 17 | Francis Guillen | Venezuela | 21+ |  |
| 18 | Paola Vasquez Ordonez | Ecuador | 18+ |  |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Height |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Mina Markovič | Slovenia | 49+ |
|  | Kim Ja-in | South Korea | 46+ |
|  | Dinara Fakhritdinova | Russia | 42+ |
| 4 | Charlotte Durif | France | 41+ |
| 5 | Magdalena Röck | Austria | 41+ |
| 6 | Matilda Söderlund | Sweden | 34 |
| 7 | Anna Eiter | Austria | 31+ |
| 8 | Katharina Posch | Austria | 28+ |

## InfoBox

| Sport climbing - Women's Lead <br>at the 2013 World Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Velodrome Exterior, Cali, Colombia |
| Dates | 4 August 2013 |
| Competitors | 18 from 10 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


title: Civil clause

abstract:
Civil clause, sometimes civilian clause or civilians' clause, is a voluntary commitment by academic institutions to engage exclusively in civil research. The idea originates in Japan: In 1950, the Science Council of Japan established that its members will refuse to participate in military-related research projects.
Such a declaration was repeated in 1967, and in 2017. In Germany, Universität Bremen was the first to put a Civil Clause in effect.
Its resolution no.5113 from 1986 declared:
Any participation of science and research with military use or purpose must be rejected by the academic senate. In particular the civil clause demands that members of the university reject research projects and funding which could serve weapon technology.
This declaration has been renewed in 1992 and in 2020 Since then, many German universities have followed this example.
  - Technische Universität Darmstadt requires: Research, teaching and studies at Technische Universität Darmstadt exclusively pursue peaceful goals and serve civilian purposes; research, particularly relating to the development and optimisation of technical systems, as well as studies and teaching are focused on civilian use.
  - TU Berlin's academic senate decided in 1991: TU Berlin and its scientific institutions shall not accept contracts of funding for research relevant to weapons. [...] Every applicant of research projects shall declare that the project does not serve military purposes.
  - Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen amended its constitution in 2010 as follows: Teaching, research, and studies at the university shall serve peaceful purposes,
enrich the coexistence of peoples and sustain natural resources.
  - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen on February 13 (2013) supplemented the following Civil Clause to its mission statement: The University pledges its commitment to peace and justice in the world. The University and the academics working therein strive to serve peace in the world through research and teaching. In responsibility for society, they undertake to uphold in their actions the intrinsic ethical principles of science and scholarship. Civil Clauses can be regarded as contemporary extensions of Merton's norms on scientific ethos.

text:
# Civil clause

**Civil clause** (German: *Zivilklausel*), sometimes **civilian clause** or **civilians' clause**, is a voluntary commitment by academic institutions to engage exclusively in civil (i.e. *non*-military) research.

The idea originates in Japan: In 1950, the Science Council of Japan established that its members will refuse to participate in military-related research projects. Such a declaration was repeated in 1967, and in 2017.

In Germany, Universität Bremen was the first to put a Civil Clause in effect. Its resolution no.5113 from 1986 declared:

> Any participation of science and research with military use or purpose must be rejected by the academic senate. In particular the civil clause demands that members of the university reject research projects and funding which could serve weapon technology.

This declaration has been renewed in 1992 and in 2020

Since then, many German universities have followed this example.

> Research, teaching and studies at Technische Universität Darmstadt exclusively pursue peaceful goals and serve civilian purposes; research, particularly relating to the development and optimisation of technical systems, as well as studies and teaching are focused on civilian use.

> TU Berlin and its scientific institutions shall not accept contracts of funding for research relevant to weapons. \[...\] Every applicant of research projects shall declare that the project does not serve military purposes.

> Teaching, research, and studies at the university shall serve peaceful purposes, enrich the coexistence of peoples and sustain natural resources.

> The University pledges its commitment to peace and justice in the world. The University and the academics working therein strive to serve peace in the world through research and teaching. In responsibility for society, they undertake to uphold in their actions the intrinsic ethical principles of science and scholarship.

Civil Clauses can be regarded as contemporary extensions of Merton's norms on scientific ethos.

## List of German Universities with Civil Clauses


title: Spilarctia caloscopium

abstract: Spilarctia caloscopium is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Karel Černý in 2011. It is found in the Philippines.

text:
# Spilarctia caloscopium

***Spilarctia caloscopium*** is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Karel Černý in 2011. It is found in the Philippines.

## InfoBox

| *Spilarctia caloscopium* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Spilarctia* |
| Species: | ***S. caloscopium*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Spilarctia caloscopium***<br>(Černý, 2011) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Spilosoma caloscopium* Černý, 2011 | |


title: Spilarctia contaminata

abstract: Spilarctia contaminata is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Alfred Ernest Wileman in 1910. It is found in Taiwan.

text:
# Spilarctia contaminata

***Spilarctia contaminata*** is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Alfred Ernest Wileman in 1910. It is found in Taiwan.

## InfoBox

| *Spilarctia contaminata* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Spilarctia* |
| Species: | ***S. contaminata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Spilarctia contaminata***<br>(Wileman, 1910) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Aloa contaminata* Wileman, 1910 * *Spilosoma contaminata* (Wileman, 1910) | |


title: Spilarctia castanea

abstract: Spilarctia castanea is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka.

text:
# Spilarctia castanea

***Spilarctia castanea*** is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka.

## Description

The wingspan of the male is about 40 mm and about 50 mm in the female. Abdomen crimson in both sexes. Male has short branched antennae. In the male, the head and thorax are brownish. Basal joint of palpi, femur and pectus are crimson. Abdomen crimson above and below. The dorsal and lateral series of spots are small. Forewings brown with basal spot, antemedial series, spot at end of cell and those on costa above it well developed. The post-medial series is large and extremely irregular blotched. Cilia black. Hindwing is uniform in color.

In the female, the head and forewings are reddish brown. The forewings have a black spot at their base. A pair of ante-medial spots is found on each side of vein 1. The post-medial curved series runs from vein 4 to inner margin. Cilia reddish brown. Hindwings are crimson with a black spot at end of cell and submarginal series of large spots.

## InfoBox

| *Spilarctia castanea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Spilarctia* |
| Species: | ***S. castanea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Spilarctia castanea***<br>(Hampson, 1893) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Spilosoma castanea* Hampson, 1893 | |


title: Sports in Gjilan

text:
# Sports in Gjilan

Gjilan is known as a city of sport. The most common sports in Gjilan are football, basketball, handball, volleyball, karate and boxing.

## Football

Football is a popular sport in Gjilan. The first football team was established in 1936, with the name "Gajret" consisting mainly of Albanian players. On August 15, 1942, the club "Bashkimi" was formed in Gjilan, consisting mainly of Albanian players. It operated until just before the end of World War II. At the beginning of the year 1945, the football club "Crvena Zvezda" was established in Gjilan. For a long time this club was dominated by Serbian leaders and players. When Kosovo gained autonomy in 1945, Albanian footballers refused to compete for Crvena Zvezda and instead joined the club "Drita", which was formed years prior. From 1947 to 1952, this football club participated in the Second League of Kosovo. Its biggest success was in 2000 when it was declared the winner of the Cup and Super Cup of Kosovo. In 2018 it became the champion of football in Kosovo again and secured participation in the UEFA Champions League competitions. After the year 2000, there were two local teams, KF Drita and KF Gjilani. The Kosovo Derby between these two teams gathers a record number of attendees, usually between 10.000 and 15.000, no matter in which category the rival squads are. In June 2001 it was attended by a record 30,000 spectators. It is considered the biggest derby in Kosovo, one of the three biggest local derbies in the Balkans, and one of the 25 biggest local derbies in Europe, as well as one of the 50 biggest local derbies in the world.

## Volleyball

Volleyball as a sport was first seen at the “Mëhalla e Bejlerëve”. Until 1960 this particular sport was not officially structured and played, but in 1960 the first team was established, named "Partizani". In the years 1972 - 1973 the team was renamed to "Akademiku". Meanwhile the employees of the Textile Industry in Gjilan established "Tekstilisti". After the unification of "Tekstilisti" and "Akademiku" the team "Taftisoni" was established, which in 1981 - 1982 was declared Kosovo champion and successfully competed in the Second Federative League, until the Kosovan sport became independent and as a consequence the team was renamed to KV "Drita" like most of the other teams in Gjilan. Gjilan is known for females volleyball clubs too. KV "Drita" is known as one of the most important females club in Gjilan.

## Handball

Handball remains one of the sports has left its mark in Gjilan. Handball started in Gjilan in 1955. Three years later, the first club called "Partizani" was established. In 1962 the team organized the first international handball match in Gjilan with the "Taufiku" team from Egypt. At the start of the 1966-67 championship, the team was baptized with the name "Bozhuri", when better conditions were created for handball players. In 1991 the club was baptized "Drita". Women's handball began in 1960. The biggest successes came after the Kosovo War, when KH Drita participated in two finals.

## Basketball

Basketball in Gjilan began in 1956. Gjilan basketball reached its best in the first years after the Kosovo War. The first basketball team was named "Mlladost" and then it changed to "Drita". This team reached its biggest achievement in 1996 in it became champion of Kosovo. In 2001, for the first time, players from European countries came to the KB "Drita", improving the team's quality. In Gjilan there are also several women's basketball teams.

## Boxing

The boxing club “Partizani” was initiated during 1972–1973. In 1992, the club was labeled “Drita” and it was contributing in this field until 1997. It has scored plenty of successful achievements. Gjilan’s boxing in the past was considered as a nest from where most of the famous boxers came out and now with their successes achieved, they are managing to continue their work as coaches, transmitting their gained knowledge over the years to the youth of Gjilan. To highlight the results that came from Gjilan athletes in boxing there are many people that have merit, but one of the most prominent is the coach Rexhep Jahiu, who made Liridon and Fatlume to render their culminating sportsman.

## Karate

The first karate club in Gjilan "Zenel Hajdini" (later renamed "Drita") was formed in 1972. The biggest achievements of KK "Drita" are noted after the war, by being one of the best teams in Kosovo, with a large amount of international medals.

## Others

Other notable organized sports in Gjilan include chess, table-tennis and swimming.


abstract: City of Los Angeles v. Preferred Communications, Inc., 476 U.S. 488 (1986), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that taking the allegations in the complaint as true, [...] the City violated the First Amendment by refusing to issue a franchise to more than one cable television company when there was sufficient excess physical and economic capacity to accommodate more than one.

text:
# City of Los Angeles v. Preferred Communications, Inc.

***City of Los Angeles v. Preferred Communications, Inc.***, 476 U.S. 488 (1986), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that

> taking the allegations in the complaint as true, \[...\] the City violated the First Amendment by refusing to issue a franchise to more than one cable television company when there was sufficient excess physical and economic capacity to accommodate more than one.

## Background

In 1983 the City of Los Angeles denied a franchise or license (including the opportunity to compete for one) to Preferred Communications, Inc., a firm founded by Carl and Clinton Galloway founded as Universal Cable Systems, Inc.

Preferred Communications would file suit against the city seeking redress for the violation of a Federal and State Constitutional, as well as Civil, *right* guaranteed to all American Citizens and Corporate Bodies

The case, originating in United States District Court for the Central District of California, would reach the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, which reversed the district court with respect to the First Amendment argument, but affirmed her dismissal of the Anti Trust allegations made against city officials on the grounds that such officials possessed state immunity or qualified immunity. Subsequent to this reversal, the city appealed to the Supreme Court, which affirmed the court of appeals saying "The complaint should not have been dismissed. The activities which respondent seeks to engage in plainly implicates first amendment interests" and, that "Taking the allegations in the complaint as true, ... the well-pleaded facts of the complaint constitute a cognizable \[first amendment violation.\]"

The district court dismissed the case for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, meaning that the factual allegations in the complaint, if true, would not give Preferred Communications a right to relief from the city.

The case originated in United States District Court for the Central District of California. The award of nominal damages in addition to the reluctant if much delayed striking down of the "one area, one operator" policy exercised by the city, was considered to be a "preamble to breakup of local cable franchising" schemes which did not serve the public interest in the 1980s and 90s.

At the heart of the matter was the city's franchising scheme, which sold rights to provide cable service to the "highest bidder", pursuant a city ordinance. The city maintained that the franchise for the South Central district was "non-exclusive" however proceeded to bar entry from new applicants, including Preferred Communications Inc.

The First Amendment became relevant for according to plaintiffs, the ability to transmit ideas (through the cable medium) constituted speech, and the right of way being denied belonged to the public and not one single, exclusive and private interest.

## Supreme Court

The Supreme Court and ultimately two lower courts found that

* a city's right of way—to the extent it constitutes a channel for speech—may not be granted to one party exclusively, a policy known as "one area, one operator", and
* the City of Los Angeles is required to act in accordance with the United States Constitution.

The Supreme Court remanded the case for further factual consideration by the district court.

The City of Los Angeles had conceivably deprived respondent Preferred Communication Inc., from exercising its rights under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America when it refused Preferred access to the electric lines and poles on account that Preferred did not participate in an auction held by the city awarding such access to the "highest bidder."

## Further reading

Text of *City of Los Angeles v. Preferred Communications, Inc.*, 476 U.S. 488 (1986) is available from: Findlaw  Google Scholar  Justia  Library of Congress  Oyez (oral argument audio)

## InfoBox

| City of Los Angeles v. Preferred Communications, Inc. | |
| --- | --- |
| Supreme Court of the United States | |
| Argued April 29, 1986
Decided June 2, 1986 | |
| Full case name | *City of Los Angeles and Department of Water and Power v. Preferred Communications, Inc.* |
| Citations | 476 U.S. 488 (*more*) |
| Argument | Oral argument |
| Opinion announcement | Opinion announcement |
| Case history | |
| Prior | 754 F.2d 1396 (9th Cir. 1985) |
| Subsequent | 13 F.3d 1327 (9th Cir. 1994) |
| Holding | |
| Case remanded to lower court to determine the legal extent of restricting cable franchising | |
| Court membership | |
| Chief Justice Warren E. Burger  Associate Justices William J. Brennan Jr. **·**  Byron White
Thurgood Marshall **·**  Harry Blackmun
Lewis F. Powell Jr. **·**  William Rehnquist
John P. Stevens **·**  Sandra Day O'Connor | |
| Case opinions | |
| Majority | Rehnquist, joined by Burger, Brennan, White, Powell, Stevens |
| Concurrence | Blackmun, joined by Marshall and O'Connor |
| Laws applied | |
| First Amendment | |


title: City of Los Angeles (train)

abstract: The City of Los Angeles was a streamlined passenger train between Chicago, Illinois, and Los Angeles, California via Omaha, Nebraska, and Ogden, Utah. Between Omaha and Los Angeles it ran on the Union Pacific Railroad; east of Omaha it ran on the Chicago and North Western Railway until October 1955 and on the Milwaukee Road thereafter. The train had number 103 westbound and number 104 eastbound. This train was the top-of-the-line for UP, which marketed it as a competitor to the Super Chief, a streamlined passenger train on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, and the Golden State, a streamlined passenger train jointly operated by the Rock Island and Southern Pacific railroads. Many of the train's cars bore the names of locales in and around its namesake city.

text:
# City of Los Angeles (train)

The ***City of Los Angeles*** was a streamlined passenger train between Chicago, Illinois, and Los Angeles, California via Omaha, Nebraska, and Ogden, Utah. Between Omaha and Los Angeles it ran on the Union Pacific Railroad; east of Omaha it ran on the Chicago and North Western Railway until October 1955 and on the Milwaukee Road thereafter. The train had number 103 westbound and number 104 eastbound.

This train was the top-of-the-line for UP, which marketed it as a competitor to the *Super Chief*, a streamlined passenger train on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, and the *Golden State*, a streamlined passenger train jointly operated by the Rock Island and Southern Pacific railroads. Many of the train's cars bore the names of locales in and around its namesake city.

## History

*City of Los Angeles* service began in May 1936 using the diesel-powered custom streamliner M-10002. It was the second of Union Pacific's diesel streamliners to the west coast, following the *City of Portland* that started service nearly a year earlier. Initial service consisted of five runs monthly. CNW / UP replaced that set with a fourteen unit full-sized train pulled by a three-unit set of EMC E2 locomotives in December 1937. Service frequency was doubled in July 1938 with the former *City of San Francisco* streamliner M-10004. That set was replaced in March 1939 with a full-size train pulled by two-unit EMC E3 locomotive set. After World War II service was expanded with additional trains until daily service was achieved in 1947.

The UP scored a public relations coup in the mid-1950s when the *City of Los Angeles* was featured in two episodes of the popular television series *I Love Lucy*. Starting in 1955 the Milwaukee Road tracks were used in place of the Chicago and North Western between Chicago and Omaha. Actor Ronald Reagan often traveled on this train and even did a full-page print ad for it that appeared in the National Geographic magazine. In a cost-cutting move, the *City of Los Angeles* was combined with the *City of San Francisco* in 1960. *City of Los Angeles* service was terminated after Amtrak took over Union Pacific's passenger rail services on May 1, 1971.

Amtrak operated several excursion services on the Los Angeles–Las Vegas segment from 1972 to 1976, ending with the short-lived *Las Vegas Limited*. From 1979 to 1997, Amtrak operated the Salt Lake City–Los Angeles (Ogden–Los Angeles until 1983) *Desert Wind*; it connected to the Oakland–Chicago *California Zephyr* at its northern end, once again offering Chicago–Los Angeles through service.

### Timeline

* May 15, 1936: *City of Los Angeles* makes its first run between Chicago, Illinois and Los Angeles, California. One trainset (the M-10002) leaves each terminal five times a month.
* December 1937: 14-car 791-ton train powered by three EMC E2s replaces the older trainset, reassigned as *City of Portland.*
* July 1938: Former *City of San Francisco* trainset M-10004 joins service, allowing departures ten times a month.
* March 1939: New train powered by two unit EMC E3 set enters service, replacing M-10004; frequency remains ten departures per month. The *Hollywood*, a lounge car built for the *City of Los Angeles*, is the first passenger car with an interior built entirely of synthetic materials, including the newly invented formica (plastic) and naugahyde.
* July 1941: EMC E6 three unit set replaces E3 set; consist of train expanded to 14 cars.
* 1947: *City of Los Angeles* begins running daily.
* 1955: Astra Dome dome cars are added to the *City of Los Angeles*. The Milwaukee Road takes over operation of the *City of Los Angeles* from the Chicago and North Western Railway between Chicago and Omaha.
* 1956: *Challenger* and *City of Los Angeles* are combined and operate on the *City of Los Angeles* schedule. (The Challenger operated on its own schedule during a couple of summers thereafter.)
* 1970: Dome dining cars retired and replaced with standard flat top cars.
* 1971: Amtrak took over intercity passenger operations in the United States on May 1, 1971. The final *City of Los Angeles* trips left their terminals on April 30 and arrived on May 2, ending UP passenger service.

### Other railroad uses of the name *City of Los Angeles*

The *City of Los Angeles* name has also been applied to a 48-seat diner built by the St. Louis Car Company in 1949. The car was originally UP No. 4808 and is currently owned and operated by the Union Pacific as part of their excursion fleet.

## Equipment

The *City of Los Angeles* began running in 1936 using the articulated M-10002 trainset. Behind the two power units were an RPO-baggage car, a baggage-dormitory-kitchen, a diner-lounge, an 11-section sleeping car, a 7-double bedroom 2-compartment sleeper, two more 11-section sleepers, a 48-seat coach, and a 38-seat coach-buffet car. All the passenger-carrying cars were air-conditioned. The Union Pacific replaced it with a non-articulated train in late 1937. A trio of EMC E2 diesel locomotives pulled a baggage-dormitory car, two 52-seat coaches, a coffee shop-kitchen car, a dining car, a dormitory-buffet lounge, seven sleeping cars of varying configurations, and a buffet-lounge-observation car. Union Pacific added a second articulated trainset in 1938, the M-10004. Its configuration was similar to the M-10002: two power units, a baggage-dormitory, 40- and 48-seat coaches, a coffee-shop kitchen, a diner, an 11-section sleeper, two 7-double bedroom 2-compartment sleepers, two more 11-section sleepers, and a buffet-lounge-observation car. The second articulated trainset was replaced with an eleven car non-articulated train powered by an EMC E3 twin locomotive set in March 1939. In July 1941 the E3 locomotive set was replaced with a three unit E6 set and the consist expanded to 14 cars. The two three-locomotive, 14 car trains were joined after the end of the war by new E7-powered trains, establishing daily service in 1947. The E2 locomotives were traded in 1953.

A typical City of Los Angeles train consist around 1955 included:

## Station stops

### Station stops, 1950

## Time Table

### Sample Time Tables, 1947 - 1953

| Westbound
Read Down | | | Condensed Schedules All trains daily | | | Eastbound
Read Up | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| City of Los Angeles
**103** | | | | City of Los Angeles
**104** | | |
| Sep. 11, 1949 | May, 1950 | Sep. 27, 1953 | | Sep. 27, 1953 | May, 1950 | Sep. 11, 1949 |
| **7.15** | **7.15** | **7.15** | Lv. | Chicago   C.& N.W. | Ar. | 10.40 +2 | 10.40 +2 | 10.45 +2 |
| 3.00 +1 | 3.00 +1 | 3.00 +1 | Ar. | Omaha   C.& N.W. | Lv. | 2.50 +2 | 2.50 +2 | 2.50 +2 |
| 3.10 +1 | 3.10 +1 | 3.10 +1 | Lv. | Omaha   Un. Pac. | Ar. | 2.40 +2 | 2.40 +2 | 2.40 +2 |
| 9.25 +1 | 9.25 +1 | 9.25 +1 | Ar. | Cheyenne | Lv. | **6.30** +1 | **6.30** +1 | **6.30** +1 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | |
| 9.35 +1 | 9.35 +1 | 9.35 +1 | Lv. | Cheyenne | Ar. | **6.20** +1 | **6.20** +1 | **6.20** +1 |
| **6.20** +1 | **6.20** +1 | **6.15** +1 | Ar. | Ogden | Lv. | 9.45 +1 | 9.45 +1 | 9.40 +1 |
| **6.30** +1 | **6.30** +1 | **6.25** +1 | Lv. | Ogden | Ar. | 9.35 +1 | 9.35 +1 | 9.30 +1 |
| **7.10** +1 | **7.10** +1 | **7.10** +1 | Ar. | Salt Lake City | Lv. | 8.50 +1 | 8.50 +1 | 8.50 +1 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | |
| **7.20** +1 | **7.20** +1 | **7.20** +1 | Lv. | Salt Lake City | Ar. | 8.40 +1 | 8.40 +1 | 8.40 +1 |
| 9.00 +2 | 9.00 +2 | 9.00 +2 | Ar. | Los Angeles | Lv. | **5.00** | **5.00** | **5.00** |
| 39 h 45 m | 39 h 45 m | 39 h 45 m | ---Elapsed Time--- | | | 39 h 40 m | 39 h 40 m | 39 h 40 m |

Notes:
**Bold** numbers indicate P.M.
+1 indicates the day after departure
+2 indicates two days after departure

Compare the run time to that of Amtrak's Desert Wind in 1979: Westbound (train 35) 48 hours and 30 minutes. Eastbound (train 36) 48 hours and 00 minutes.

## InfoBox

| *City of Los Angeles* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| UP #932, an EMD E8, leads the *City of Los Angeles* into Union Station in Los Angeles in March 1971, just prior to discontinuance. | |
| Overview | |
| Service type | Inter-city rail |
| Status | Discontinued |
| Locale | Western United States |
| First service | May 15, 1936 |
| Last service | May 2, 1971 |
| Successor | *Desert Wind* |
| Former operator(s) |  |
| Route | |
| Termini | Chicago, Illinois
Los Angeles, California |
| Stops | 20 |
| Average journey time | * 40 hours, 45 minutes (Chicago - Los Angeles) * 40 hours, 30 minutes (Los Angeles - Chicago) |
| Service frequency | Daily |
| Train number(s) | * 103 (Chicago - Los Angeles) * 104 (Los Angeles - Chicago) |
| Line(s) used | Overland Route |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | Coach Class |
| Sleeping arrangements | * Streamlined Sleeping cars * Double Bedrooms * Drawing Rooms * Compartments * Roommates |
| Catering facilities | * Cafe Lounge Car * Dome Dining Car |
| Observation facilities | Dome lounge |
| Baggage facilities | Limited handling |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) |
| Operating speed | * 56.4 mph (Chicago - Los Angeles) * 56.8 mph (Los Angeles - Chicago) |
|  | |


title: Sport climbing at the 2009 World Games

text:
# Sport climbing at the 2009 World Games

The sport climbing events at the 2009 World Games in Kaohsiung was played between 18 and 19 July. 43 athletes, from 17 nations, participated in the tournament. The competition took place in Shoushan Junior High School.

## Participating nations

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | China | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | Japan | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| | Slovenia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Russia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | South Korea | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| | Spain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | France | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 8 | Ukraine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (8 entries) | | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |

## Medals summary

### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Speed
 | Zhong Qixin (CHN) | Yevgeniy Vaitsekhovskiy (RUS) | Maksym Styenkoviy (UKR) |
| Lead
 | Sachi Amma (JPN) | Patxi Usobiaga (ESP) | Romain Desgranges (FRA) |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Speed
 | He Cuilian (CHN) | He Cuifang (CHN) | Olga Morozkina (RUS) |
| Lead
 | Maja Vidmar (SLO) | Kim Ja-In (KOR) | Caroline Ciavaldini (FRA) |

## InfoBox

| Sport climbing
at the 2005 World Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Shoushan Junior High School |
| Dates | 18–19 July 2009 |
| Competitors | 43 from 17 nations |
|


# Sport climbing at the 2009 World Games – Women's lead

The women's lead competition in sport climbing at the 2009 World Games took place on 19 July at the Shoushan Junior High School in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

## Competition format

A total of 11 athletes entered the competition. Best eight athletes from preliminary advances to the semifinal. Best six athletes from the semifinal advance to the final.

## Results

### Preliminary round

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Result | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Mina Markovič | Slovenia | Top | Q |
| 1 | Kim Ja-in | South Korea | Top | Q |
| 1 | Maja Vidmar | Slovenia | Top | Q |
| 1 | Caroline Ciavaldini | France | Top | Q |
| 1 | Yuka Kobayashi | Japan | Top | Q |
| 1 | Johanna Ernst | Austria | Top | Q |
| 7 | Akiyo Noguchi | Japan | 44– | Q |
| 8 | Francis Rodriguez | Venezuela | 23– | Q |
| 9 | Lee Hung-ying | Chinese Taipei | 22 |  |
| 9 | Tiffany Hensley | United States | 22 |  |
| 9 | Carlie Lebreton | Australia | 22 |  |

### Semifinal

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Result | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Mina Markovič | Slovenia | Top | Q |
| 1 | Kim Ja-in | South Korea | Top | Q |
| 1 | Maja Vidmar | Slovenia | Top | Q |
| 1 | Caroline Ciavaldini | France | Top | Q |
| 1 | Yuka Kobayashi | Japan | Top | Q |
| 1 | Johanna Ernst | Austria | Top | Q |
| 1 | Akiyo Noguchi | Japan | Top |  |
| 8 | Francis Rodriguez | Venezuela | 22 |  |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Maja Vidmar | Slovenia | 44 |
|  | Kim Ja-in | South Korea | 37– |
|  | Caroline Ciavaldini | France | 27.2– |
| 4 | Yuka Kobayashi | Japan | 27.1– |
| 5 | Johanna Ernst | Austria | 26.2– |
| 6 | Mina Markovič | Slovenia | 26.1– |

## InfoBox

| Sport climbing - Women's lead <br>at the 2009 World Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Shoushan Junior High School, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| Dates | 19 July 2009 |
| Competitors | 11 from 9 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


title: Cilnidipine

abstract: Cilnidipine is a calcium channel blocker. Cilnidipine is approved for use in Japan, China, India, Nepal, and Korea for hypertension. It is a calcium antagonist accompanied with L-type and N-type calcium channel blocking functions. Unlike other calcium antagonists, cilnidipine can act on the N-type calcium channel in addition to acting on the L-type calcium channel. It was patented in 1984 and approved for medical use in 1995. Cilnidipine is currently being repurposed and developed for use in patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon and Systemic Sclerosis by Aisa Pharma, a US biopharma development company.

text:
# Cilnidipine

**Cilnidipine** is a calcium channel blocker. Cilnidipine is approved for use in Japan, China, India, Nepal, and Korea for hypertension.

It is a calcium antagonist accompanied with L-type and N-type calcium channel blocking functions. Unlike other calcium antagonists, cilnidipine can act on the N-type calcium channel in addition to acting on the L-type calcium channel.

It was patented in 1984 and approved for medical use in 1995. Cilnidipine is currently being repurposed and developed for use in patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon and Systemic Sclerosis by Aisa Pharma, a US biopharma development company.

## Medical uses

Cilnidipine decreases blood pressure and is used to treat hypertension and its comorbidities. Due to its blocking action at the N-type and L-type calcium channel, cilnidipine dilates both arterioles and venules, reducing the pressure in the capillary bed. Cilnidipine is vasoselective and has a weak direct dromotropic effect, a strong vasodepressor effect, and an arrhythmia-inhibiting effect. Blood pressure control with cilnidipine treatment in Japanese post-stroke hypertensive patients \[The CA-ATTEND study\] - the results of a large-scale prospective post-marketing surveillance study of post-stroke hypertensive patients (n = 2667, male 60.4%, 69.0 ± 10.9 years) treated with cilnidipine indicate that cilnidipine was effective in treating uncontrolled blood pressure and was well tolerated in post-stroke hypertensive patients. The Ambulatory Blood Pressure Control and Home Blood Pressure (Morning and Evening) Lowering By N-Channel Blocker Cilnidipine (ACHIEVE-ONE) trial is a large-scale (n=2319) clinical study on blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate (PR) in the real world with use of cilnidipine - this study revealed that Cilnidipine significantly reduced BP and PR in hypertensive patients at the clinic and at home, especially with higher BP and PR in the morning. Cilnidipine is currently being studied in the RECONNOITER study in Australia for its effect on Raynaud's and other manifestations of disease in patients with Systemic Sclerosis.

## Side effects

The side effects could be severe dizziness, fast heartbeat, and swelling of face, lips, tongue, eyelids, hands and feet. Lesser side effects include stomach pain, diarrhea and hypotension.

Peripheral edema, a common side effect from the use of amlodipine, was reduced when patients were shifted to cilnidipine.

## Brand Name

In India, it is sold under the brand name Cinod, cilacar, clinblue, among others at doses of 5mg/10mg/20mg.

## History

It was jointly developed by Fuji Viscera Pharmaceutical Company and Ajinomoto, and was approved to enter the market and be used as an anti-hypertensive in 1995.

## Further reading

* Löhn M, Muzzulini U, Essin K, Tsang SY, Kirsch T, Litteral J, et al. (May 2002). "Cilnidipine is a novel slow-acting blocker of vascular L-type calcium channels that does not target protein kinase C". *Journal of Hypertension*. **20** (5): 885–93. doi:10.1097/00004872-200205000-00023. PMID 12011649. S2CID 30765257.

## InfoBox

Cilnidipine
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Atelec (アテレック), Cilaheart, Cilacar |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| ATC code |  |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * 3-(*E*)-3-Phenyl-2-propenyl 5-2-methoxyethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(*m*-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| IUPHAR/BPS |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.162.338 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C27H28N2O7 |
| Molar mass | 492.528 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * O=C(OCCOC)\C2=C(\N/C(=C(/C(=O)OC\C=C\c1ccccc1)C2c3cccc(\[N+\](\[O-\])=O)c3)C)C | |