title: Checha Davies

abstract: Checha Davies (1898–1979) was an Indian-born Singaporean social worker and women's rights activist. In her younger days, she was an educator but after her move to Singapore she was active in church work and social service organisations, serving as president of the YWCA on two separate occasions. Davies was instrumental in the committee which drafted the rules for the Singapore Council of Women and served on its executive committee. Davies received the Public Service Star in 1970 and was inducted into the Singapore Women's Hall of Fame in its inaugural year, 2014.

text:
# Checha Davies

**Checha Davies** (often cited as **Mrs. E. V. Davies**) (1898–1979) was an Indian-born Singaporean social worker and women's rights activist. In her younger days, she was an educator but after her move to Singapore she was active in church work and social service organisations, serving as president of the YWCA on two separate occasions. Davies was instrumental in the committee which drafted the rules for the Singapore Council of Women and served on its executive committee. Davies received the Public Service Star in 1970 and was inducted into the Singapore Women's Hall of Fame in its inaugural year, 2014.

## Early life

Checha George was born in 1898 in Kerala, India to T. D. George, a Methodist lay preacher. Receiving her education during the British rule of India, she attended school in Madras, studying economics and English History and earning her bachelor's and master's degrees. George also earned a medal for playing tennis and continued to play even after her marriage and move to Singapore, wearing her sari on the courts. She joined the YWCA Association in 1916, adopting their mission to improve education opportunities for women and girls. She also served as a lay preacher for the Methodist church. George became a school teacher and was employed at the Women's Christian College in Madras. On 3 April 1925 at Madras, she married E. V. Davies (Edward Vethanayagam), of Singapore's Outram Road School, and returned with him to Singapore.

## Community activism

When she arrived in Singapore, Davies joined the Tamil Methodist Church and served as both a preacher and a lecturer. She travelled abroad, to various places in Asia, the Americas, Europe, and the Middle East as the president of the Women's Society of Christian Service. Though travelling as an unaccompanied Indian woman was unheard of in the 1930s, she also travelled as an ambassador-at-large for the YWCA. In 1931, Davies founded the Indian-Ceylonese Club, later known as the Lotus Club, which was the first ladies' organisation for women of Indian descent in Singapore. After a dinner with Jawaharlal Nehru, in which he suggested that the Lotus Club merge with another organisation called the Ladies Union, the two clubs became the Kamala Club. The club served as both a social and cultural organisation and was a landmark of charitable works. She also served as president of the International Women's Club, which aimed at uniting women of various nationalities in completing community improvement projects. In her endeavours, Davies was driven by the idea that "doing rather than talking" was a demonstration of faith.

After the Japanese occupation of Singapore, Davies and other women worked to improve the deplorable conditions affecting many women's lives. She met with Shirin Fozdar in 1951 to draft a constitution for a woman's council to address women's issues. When the Singapore Council of Women (SCW) was founded in 1952, Davies, along with Fozdar and Tan Cheng Hiong Lee served in its executive council. Davies was chair of the membership committee and as such, increased membership by 1955 to over 2000 women. Though the aim of the organisation was to increase the political and socio-economic equality of women in Singapore, Davies preferred to work on social projects for women in need; however, she was a staunch supporter of the anti-polygamy campaign of the SCW and pressed for men's support in the cause. When the Women's Charter passed the Singaporean Parliament in 1961, a ban on polygamy was adopted, as well as many legal protections for which Davies and the SCW had pressed. After passage of the Charter, Davies turned her attention to social projects with the YWCA and decreased her participation in the SCW.

In her work with the YWCA of Singapore, Davies pushed for adult women's education and children's programs. She was an advocate for hostels for low-income workers and women with children. From 1960 to 1964, and again from 1966 to 1968, Davies served as president of the Singapore YWCA. In 1967, she was awarded a gold badge from the YWCA for her service. In a 1969 project to build a 6-storey women's hostel on Fort Canning Road, Davies proposed that women donate their weight in dollars. To reach her own donation goal, Davies sold her house The building was completed, allowing the YWCA to generate income for other projects from the rent. For this and other services to the community, on National Day in 1970, Davies was awarded the Bintang Bakti Masyarakat (Public Service Star).

Davies died on 2 September 1979 at the Tan Tock Seng Hospital after a brief illness. She was posthumously inducted in 2014 into the Singapore Women's Hall of Fame in their inaugural group of women.

### Citations

### Bibliography

* Cheong, Sheila (8 October 1979). "Woman of laughter". Singapore: The Straits Times. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
* Chew, Phyllis (July 1994). "Woman Unforgettable" (PDF). *One Voice*: 10–12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
* Chew, Phyllis Ghim-Lian (1999). "The Bahá'í Faith and the Singapore Women's Movement: Challenges for the Next Millennium" (PDF). *The Singapore Baháʼí Studies Review*. **4** (1): 3–31. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
* Sutherland, Duncan (19 February 2009). "Checha Davies". *E-resources*. Singapore: National Library Board of Singapore. Archived from the original on 29 August 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
* Tan, Theresa (12 March 2014). "They helped shape today's Singapore". Singapore: The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 13 January 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
* "Checha Davies". *Singapore Women's Hall of Fame*. Singapore: Singapore Council of Women's Organisations. 2014. Archived from the original on 25 March 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
* "Declares Jesus Not Outdated". Benton-Harbor, Michigan: The News-Palladium. 19 November 1962. Retrieved 19 July 2016  via Newspapers.com.
* "Malayan Speaker to Talk at Wood River". Alton, Illinois: Alton Evening Telegraph. 4 September 1962. Retrieved 20 July 2016  via Newspapers.com.
* "The marriage of Mr. E. V. Davies". Singapore: The Straits Times. 2 April 1925. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
* "Mrs Checha Davies: 1950s". *YWCA*. Singapore: Young Women's Christian Association. 2015. Archived from the original on 20 July 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
* "Pioneer Social Worker Dies". Singapore: The Straits Times. 3 September 1979. Retrieved 19 July 2016.

## InfoBox

| Checha Davies | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Checha George
1898
Kerala, India |
| Died | 2 September 1979
Singapore |
| Nationality | Singaporean |
| Other names | Mrs. E. V. Davies |
| Occupation(s) | educator, social worker, women's rights activist |
| Years active | 1916–1979 |
| Known for | donating her weight in gold to build a women's hostel for the YWCA of Singapore |


title: The Washingtonians

abstract: "The Washingtonians" is the twelfth episode of the second season of Masters of Horror, directed by Peter Medak. The episode is based on the short story written by Bentley Little. It details a man discovering a shocking secret about George Washington that could shatter the world's view of America forever and the murderous brotherhood sworn to keep the secret safe.

text:
# The Washingtonians

"**The Washingtonians**" is the twelfth episode of the second season of *Masters of Horror*, directed by Peter Medak. The episode is based on the short story written by Bentley Little. It details a man discovering a shocking secret about George Washington that could shatter the world's view of America forever and the murderous brotherhood sworn to keep the secret safe.

## Plot

Mike Franks (Johnathon Schaech) discovers a strange letter hidden behind a portrait of George Washington while searching through the home of his recently deceased grandmother. The letter states, "I will skin your children and eat them. Upon finishing, I shall fashion utensils out of their bones." with the signature "G. W.", along with a fork presumably made out of human bone. After his grandmother's funeral, her friend Samuel Madison (Myron Natwick) tries to persuade Mike to give him the letter. When Mike refuses, members of a psychotic patriots group, with wooden teeth and dressed in powdered wigs and American Revolutionary War attire begin to stalk the family and they eventually try to break into their house. They demand the letter, but are forced to leave when Mike calls the police.

Mike turns to Professor Harkinson (Saul Rubinek), a trusted friend and employee of the local university, for information. Harkinson tells him about "the Washingtonians" and how history has been based on a false image designed to hide the truth, referring to Washington's cannibalism and the fact that Benjamin Franklin is a composite character based on the accomplishments of several other individuals. They are soon attacked by the Washingtonians once again and, although Harkinson manages to escape with the letter, Mike, his wife Pam (Venus Terzo) and daughter Amy (Julia Tortolano) are abducted and taken to Mount Vernon, the home of the killer President.

It is here the Washingtonians' murderous and cannibalistic nature is verified, when Mike and his family are taken into a large, opulent dining room and witness a table full of Washingtonians, (including Samuel and other townspeople they had met previously), feast on a mutilated human body. The Washingtonians unveil the secret of their renowned leader. However, before any of the Washingtonians can do harm to Mike and his family, Harkinson and a team of FBI agents break in and kill all of the Washingtonians. Harkinson returns the letter to Mike and asks him to expose the truth to the whole world.

In the epilogue, which takes place six months later, the Franks have become vegetarians and to their shock Washington's face on the United States one-dollar bill is replaced with that of George W. Bush.

## Changes from the original story

The *Masters of Horror* episode was played in a more camp style than the original short story's black humor, and the ending was changed. Rather than having Harkinson and his fellow rescuers be redcoats, police arrive with him instead and the Washingtonians are simply put down. The episode's epilogue was also an addition.

## Reception

The film was derided as unintentionally funny and accused of delivering "the world's worst Bush punchline".

## InfoBox

| "**The Washingtonians**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Masters of Horror* episode | |
|  | |
| Episode no. | Season 2
Episode 12 |
| Directed by | Peter Medak |
| Written by | Richard Chizmar
Johnathon Schaech |
| Featured music | Richard Band |
| Production code | 212 |
| Original air date | January 26, 2007 (2007-01-26) |
| Guest appearances | |
| Johnathon Schaech
Venus Terzo
Saul Rubinek
Chris Kalhoon
Richard Stroh
Julia Tortolano | |
|


title: Southern Girl

abstract: "Southern Girl" is a song written by Jaren Johnston, Rodney Clawson, and Lee Thomas Miller and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in July 2013 as the fourth single from McGraw's album Two Lanes of Freedom.

text:
# Southern Girl

"**Southern Girl**" is a song written by Jaren Johnston, Rodney Clawson, and Lee Thomas Miller and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in July 2013 as the fourth single from McGraw's album *Two Lanes of Freedom*.

## Content

The song is about girls from the south and how the narrator finds them attractive.

## Critical reception

Billy Dukes of *Taste of Country* gave the song 4.5 stars out of 5, saying that "\[its\] overall feel is one that’s repeated each summer, but few have brought it back as effortlessly as McGraw in recent years." Giving it a "B", Joseph Hudak of *Country Weekly* gave it a "B" grade, and said that "\[the song\]'d all feel a little trite and disposable if \[it\] didn't have a monster groove to prop it up." He also said that the song was "utterly singable" and "the ideal summer anthem".

## Music video

The accompanying music video for the song was directed by Shane Drake and premiered in July 2013.

## Chart performance

"Southern Girl" debuted at number 57 on the US *Billboard* Country Airplay chart for the week of July 13, 2013. It also debuted at number 44 on Hot Country Songs. It debuted at number 100 on the *Billboard* Hot 100 on the week of August 10, 2013. It also debuted at number 96 on the Canadian Hot 100 for the week of August 24, 2013. As of January 2014, the song has over sold 526,000 copies in the United States.

| Chart (2013) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 61 |
| Canada Country (*Billboard*) | 1 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 42 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 4 |
| US Country Airplay (*Billboard*) | 2 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2013) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| US Country Airplay (*Billboard*) | 12 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 41 |
|

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "Southern Girl" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Tim McGraw | |
| from the album  *Two Lanes of Freedom* | |
| Released | July 8, 2013 (2013-07-08) |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 4:15 |
| Label | Big Machine |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) |  |
| Tim McGraw singles chronology | |
| "Highway Don't Care"
(2013) "**Southern Girl**"
(2013) "Lookin' for That Girl"
(2014) | |


title: Robert Pory

abstract: Robert Pory or Porey (c.1608?–1669) was an English churchman, archdeacon of Middlesex from 1660.

text:
# Robert Pory

**Robert Pory** or **Porey** (c.1608?–1669) was an English churchman, archdeacon of Middlesex from 1660.

## Life

Pory was a son of Robert Pory, born in London, probably about 1608. He was educated at St. Paul's School under Alexander Gill, and went up with his class-fellow John Milton to Christ's College, Cambridge, where he was admitted a lesser pensioner 28 February 1625. He graduated B.A. 1629, M.A. 1632, B.D. 1639, D.D. (*per literas regias*) 1660. In 1631, on the birth of the Princess Mary, 4 November, he contributed to the *Genethliacum* put forth by the university.

On 20 September 1640 Pory was collated to the rectory of St. Margaret's, New Fish Street, London (which he resigned before 18 August 1660), and in November following to that of Thorley, Hertfordshire. On the outbreak of the First English Civil War he was, according to Richard Newcourt; "plundered and sequestred"; but his name does not appear in John Walker's *Sufferings of the Clergy*.

At the Restoration preferments were showered on Pory. On 2 August 1660 he was made Doctor of Divinity (DD) by royal mandate ("*per lit. reg.*"), along with Thomas Fuller and others. On 20 July 1660 he was collated both to the rectory of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate, London (resigned before 22 May 1663), and to the archdeaconry of Middlesex. The articles on his visitation in 1662 were printed. On 16 October (but, according to John Le Neve, 16 August) 1660 he was installed prebendary of Willesden, in the diocese of London, and before the year was out was made chaplain to Archbishop William Juxon.

In February 1661 Pory was instituted to the rectory of Hollingbourne, Kent; in 1662 to that of Much Hadham, Hertfordshire; and in the same year to the rectory of Lambeth. On 19 July 1663 he was incorporated Doctor of Divinity (DD) of Oxford. He died before 25 November 1669, when Henchman was admitted to the rectory of Hadham. Pory was licensed, 21 September 1640, to marry Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Juxon of Chichester, a relative of the archbishop.

It is said that *Poor Robin's Almanack*, the first edition of which appeared in 1663, was so entitled in derision of him. It professed to bear his imprimatur.

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1896). "Pory, Robert". *Dictionary of National Biography*. Vol. 46. London: Smith, Elder & Co.


title: Josh Beech

abstract: Joshua William Beech is an English indie rock singer, songwriter, musician, photographer and model. As a model, he is signed to major agencies across the world and has appeared in campaigns and shows for brands such as Givenchy, Burberry, Moschino, Valentino, John Galliano, Tommy Hilfiger, and more. He has also been featured on the cover of Vogue Hommes International, as well as in editorials for i-D Magazine, GQ Italy, Vogue Italia, and Dazed & Confused Magazine. Beech is signed to Universal Music Group with his namesake band Beech, whose song "Lovers" became a top 40 hit in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and France. Beech's first solo EP, Fight Strong, released in 2015 was a success in Europe with the lead self titled single climbing to the top 5 in the MTV Italia music charts.

text:
# Josh Beech

**Joshua William Beech** (born 26 December 1985) is an English indie rock singer, songwriter, musician, photographer and model. As a model, he is signed to major agencies across the world and has appeared in campaigns and shows for brands such as Givenchy, Burberry, Moschino, Valentino, John Galliano, Tommy Hilfiger, and more. He has also been featured on the cover of Vogue Hommes International, as well as in editorials for i-D Magazine, GQ Italy, Vogue Italia, and Dazed & Confused Magazine.

Beech is signed to Universal Music Group with his namesake band Beech, whose song "Lovers" became a top 40 hit in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and France.

Beech's first solo EP, *Fight Strong*, released in 2015 was a success in Europe with the lead self titled single climbing to the top 5 in the MTV Italia music charts.

## Early life and music career

Beech was born in Bromley in South East London, England. He always wanted to be a musician, playing keyboard at age 10 and guitar at 13. At 16, wanting to form a band but not knowing any vocalists, he began to sing. He became an apprentice at a British acoustic guitar company for a time, also studying music in college.

Beech played in punk bands for years, experimenting with various genres and groups before forming Beech, his band with musical collaborator Oliver Som. The band is signed to Universal Music Group in Germany and Virgin/EMI in the UK; their song "Lovers" made it to number 12 on the German mainstream radio charts in 2013. The song was also featured in the Warner Brothers Pictures family film *Keinohrhase und Zweiohrkuken*. Their album *Letters Written in the Sky* is available for purchase worldwide.

Since 2018, Beech has released three singles: "No Trouble", "Left Behind", and "American Current".

## Modeling

Beech was scouted as a model by Sherrill Smith at a festival in 2007, soon booking a campaign for Burberry. Rapid bookings followed thereafter, including a record three campaigns for Levi's 501 jeans, as well as the cover of Vogue Hommes International, which was taken by Hedi Slimane. His client list has since expanded to include John Galliano, Valentino, Thierry Mugler, H&M, Moschino, Diesel, Givenchy, Topman, and Tommy Hilfiger, among many others.

He is signed to DNA Model Management, Chapter London, Success Models, and NEXT.

## Personal life

Beech married *90210* actress Shenae Grimes on 10 May 2013, in Ashford, Kent. On September 27, 2018, the couple had a daughter named Bowie Scarlett. On December 20, 2019, Beech announced on his Instagram page that he had become an American citizen. On August 13, 2021, the couple had a boy named Kingsley Taylor.

1. "BE THERE". *ASCAP*. American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
2. "New York Magazine: profile of model Josh Beech". *New York Magazine*. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
3. "Models.com: Josh Beech". *Models.com*. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
4. "Radio-Charts Deutschland Mainstream". *RadioCharts.com*. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
5. Tsai, Yu. "Interview with Josh Beech at Suite 215". *Contributor Magazine*. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
6. "Celebs: Josh Beech". *Hollywoodlife.com*. 15 May 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
7. "Beech". *Universal Music Germany*. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
8. Ksienrzyk, Lisa. "BEECH KOMMEN IM DEZEMBER NACH DEUTSCHLAND". *Ampya.com*. Archived from the original on 8 April 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
9. "Beech "Lovers" – KEINOHRHASE & ZWEIOHRKÜKEN 3D". *YouTube*. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
10. Likoski, Steve (10 September 2019). "Josh Beech explores certain hopes in time in his new single 'American Current'". *Eat This Music*. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
11. "Josh Beech releases emoteful 'Left Behind'". *IndieCentralMusic*. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
12. "Josh Beech releases new single 'Left Behind'". *charmfactory.co.uk*. 12 February 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
13. "EXCLUSIVE! Shenae Grimes Beech & Hubby Josh Beech Gush About Their Love, Degrassi, Miley Cyrus, & More!". *PerezHilton.com*. 4 February 2014. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
14. "Shenae Grimes Gets Hitched in Black Wedding Dress!". *PerezHilton.com*. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
15. "Josh Beech on Instagram: "⚡🦅🇺🇸🦅⚡. 3 officially "dual" citizens! Big day in the Beech house. "You can't kick us out now mateeeeeee!!!!!" Proud to now be a British…"". *Instagram*. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 4 July 2020.

## InfoBox

| Josh Beech | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Joshua William Beech
(1985-12-26) 26 December 1985
Bromley, London, England |
| Occupations | * Singer * songwriter * musician * model * photographer |
| Years active | 2008–present |
| Spouse | Shenae Grimes (m. 2013) |
| Children | 2 |
| **Musical career** | |
| Genres | indie rock, soul, alternative |
| Instruments | * Vocals * guitar |
|  | |
| Website | joshbeechmusic.com |


title: Sisters Island (Queensland)

abstract: Sisters Island is about 40 km north of Dunk Island. With nearby Stephens Island it forms the South Barnard Islands Group, which is protected within the Barnard Island Group National Park. It is a popular site for tourist kayaking. It is around 4 hectares or 0.04 square km in size. The island is part of the South Barnard Islands Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance as a breeding site for terns.

text:
# Sisters Island (Queensland)

**Sisters Island** is about 40 km north of Dunk Island. With nearby Stephens Island it forms the South Barnard Islands Group, which is protected within the Barnard Island Group National Park. It is a popular site for tourist kayaking. It is around 4 hectares or 0.04 square km in size.

The island is part of the South Barnard Islands Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance as a breeding site for terns.

## InfoBox

Sisters Island
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Geography | |
| Location | Northern Australia |
| Coordinates | 17°44′46″S 146°09′40″E / 17.746°S 146.161°E / -17.746; 146.161 |
| Area | 0.04 km2 (0.015 sq mi) |
| Administration | |
| **Australia** | |
| State | Queensland |


title: The First Mrs. Fraser (1932 film)

abstract: The First Mrs. Fraser is a 1932 British musical romance film directed by Thorold Dickinson and Sinclair Hill and starring Henry Ainley, Joan Barry and Dorothy Dix. It is an adaptation of the 1929 play The First Mrs. Fraser by St. John Greer Ervine. It was made at Wembley Studios. The sets were designed by J. Elder Wills and Oscar Werndorff.

text:
# The First Mrs. Fraser (1932 film)

***The First Mrs. Fraser*** is a 1932 British musical romance film directed by Thorold Dickinson and Sinclair Hill and starring Henry Ainley, Joan Barry and Dorothy Dix. It is an adaptation of the 1929 play *The First Mrs. Fraser* by St. John Greer Ervine. It was made at Wembley Studios. The sets were designed by J. Elder Wills and Oscar Werndorff.

## Cast

## Bibliography

* Low, Rachael. *Filmmaking in 1930s Britain*. George Allen & Unwin, 1985.
* Wood, Linda. *British Films, 1927–1939*. British Film Institute, 1986.

*The First Mrs. Fraser* at IMDb

## InfoBox

| The First Mrs. Fraser | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Sinclair Hill
Thorold Dickinson |
| Written by | St. John Ervine (play)
Peter Ellis
Leslie Howard Gordon |
| Produced by | Louis Zimmerman |
| Starring | Henry Ainley
Joan Barry
Dorothy Dix
Harold Huth |
| Cinematography | Gunther Krampf |
| Edited by | Thorold Dickinson |
| Music by | Colin Wark |
| Production
company | Sterling Films |
| Distributed by | Sterling Films |
| Release date | * April 1932 (1932-04) |
| Running time | 95 minutes |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |


title: Shiki (novel)

abstract: Shiki Shiki is a Japanese horror novel written by Fuyumi Ono. It was originally published in two parts by Shinchosha in 1998, and was then reprinted into five parts in 2002. The story is about a small Japanese village named Sotoba, which is plagued by bizarre deaths caused by what seemed to be an epidemic. However, when Toshio Ozaki, the hospital dean, performs his own investigations, he discovers vampires, known as "Shiki" living in their midst. A manga series adaptation, illustrated by Ryu Fujisaki, was serialized in Shueisha's monthly shōnen manga magazine Jump Square from December 2007 to June 2011, with its chapters collected in eleven tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation of the manga, produced by Daume, aired on Fuji TV from July to December 2010. The series was simulcast by Funimation on their online video portal and released the series on home video in May 2012.

text:
# Shiki (novel)

***Shiki*** (屍鬼, "Corpse Demon" or "Death Spirit") is a Japanese horror novel written by Fuyumi Ono. It was originally published in two parts by Shinchosha in 1998, and was then reprinted into five parts in 2002. The story is about a small Japanese village named Sotoba, which is plagued by bizarre deaths caused by what seemed to be an epidemic. However, when Toshio Ozaki, the hospital dean, performs his own investigations, he discovers vampires, known as "Shiki" ("Corpse Demon" in English) living in their midst.

A manga series adaptation, illustrated by Ryu Fujisaki, was serialized in Shueisha's monthly *shōnen* manga magazine *Jump Square* from December 2007 to June 2011, with its chapters collected in eleven *tankōbon* volumes. An anime television series adaptation of the manga, produced by Daume, aired on Fuji TV from July to December 2010. The series was simulcast by Funimation on their online video portal and released the series on home video in May 2012.

## Plot

The story takes place during a particularly hot summer in 1994, in a small quiet Japanese village called Sotoba. A series of mysterious deaths begin to spread in the village, at the same time when a strange family moves into the long-abandoned Kanemasa mansion on top of a hill. Megumi Shimizu, a young girl who wanted to leave the village and move to the city, pays them a visit never to return. She is later found lying in the forest and tragically dies. Doctor Toshio Ozaki, director of Sotoba's only hospital, initially suspects an epidemic; however, as investigations continue and the deaths begin to pile up, he learns—and becomes convinced—that they are the work of the "*shiki*", vampire-like creatures, plaguing the village. A young teenager named Natsuno Yuuki, who hates living in the village, begins to be pursued and becomes surrounded by death.

## Characters

### Main characters

Natsuno Yuuki/Koide (結城/小出 夏野, *Yuuki/Koide Natsuno*) Voiced by: Kōki Uchiyama (Japanese); Jerry Jewell (English) A 15-year-old boy who lives and attends school in Sotoba. Though he prefers living in the city than in the country, Natsuno reluctantly moved to Sotoba with his parents when they wanted a change of environment. He has an estranged relationship with his father, since his parents reject social norms and are not married, causing him to have his mother's surname. He often exhibits a cold exterior, especially disliking Megumi Shimizu, who has a one-sided crush on him. He is kind and friendly toward those whom he considers his friends (Toru, Toru's younger siblings, and the Tanaka children). During the series, Natsuno dies after repeated attacks from the *Shiki*. In the manga and anime adaptations, he does not die initially, but becomes a *Jinrou*, a special kind of shiki that retains their human traits (going out during the day, eating normal food, etc). He dies in a fight with Tatsumi with dynamite, taking both Tatsumi's and his own life. Toshio Ozaki (尾崎 敏夫, *Ozaki Toshio*) Voiced by: Tōru Ōkawa (Japanese); David Wald (English) The director of the hospital in Sotoba, Toshio resigned from university hospital, returning to take up his father's position when he died. He is fondly given a nickname, "Waka-sensei" (young doctor), by his colleagues as well as the residents. Toshio dislikes both his mother and his late father, as both of them often put the reputation of the Ozaki family before anything else. He is childhood friends with Seishin Muroi and Mikiyasu Yasumori. He is 32 years old; is married to a woman, Kyoko, whom he rarely sees; and he is a chain smoker. He is baffled by the mysterious deaths and swears to solve the case and protect his home village. During the series, his wife becomes a Shiki and Toshio uses her as an experiment to find out the Shikis' weakness. Later, he exposes the truth about Kirishikis and the victims of the "epidemic" becoming Shikis to the entire village (by murdering Chizuru). This causes a war between the human villagers and Shikis; resulting in setting the village on fire and leaving it to ruins. In the conclusion, he escapes the destroyed village, but wonders if all of his hard work to protect the village was all for nothing. Sunako Kirishiki (桐敷 沙子, *Kirishiki Sunako*) Voiced by: Aoi Yūki (Japanese); Cherami Leigh (English) A 13-year-old girl who moves into the Kanemasa mansion atop the hill with her family. She is a very wise girl since she is the oldest of the Shiki, being over 100 years old. She became a Shiki after being attacked by a visitor, and after transforming was locked on the orders of her family in a storage closet and fed a stream of victims for several years before escaping. After escaping, she searched for her long lost family, only to give up and start a new "family". She claims to have a rare genetic disorder known as SLE, which forces her to stay inside her home during the day and only come out at night. She and her family are fans of the essays and novels written by Seishin Muroi, and is the reason they moved to Sotoba. She dislikes it when people call her name with the honorific "chan". At the conclusion of the series, Sunako is chased down into the abandoned church but is saved by Seishin (who is now a Jinrou). She states that she is "forsaken by God" and wishes to die, but Seishin convinces her to escape with him, saying that even though she is no longer under God's jurisdiction, Sunako never lost her faith in Him. Seishin Muroi (室井 静信, *Muroi Seishin*) Voiced by: Kazuyuki Okitsu (Japanese); John Burgmeier (English) Seishin is the local priest in Sotoba, as well as an author of several novels. His current work is called Shiki (Corpse Demon in English). He has a sense of the supernatural and detects the presence of the real "Shiki" long before anybody else. He is childhood friends with Toshio Ozaki and Mikiyasu Yasumori. He is 32 years old, single, and once attempted to commit suicide in a drunken state during his university days. During the series, he finds out Toshio killed his Shiki-transformed wife and walks away from Toshio with disdain, ending their friendship. When the battle between the village and Shikis began, Seishin decides to help Sunako. He lets Tatsumi feed off of him, slowly becoming weak. Attempting to escape the village with Sunako, Seishin is severely wounded by a villager and knocked unconscious. He later awakens, having become a Jinrou, saving Sunako from being staked. Seishin convinces her to escape with him and begin a new life.

### Secondary characters

Megumi Shimizu (清水 恵, *Shimizu Megumi*) Voiced by: Haruka Tomatsu (Japanese); Tia Ballard (English) An attractive 15 year old girl taking interest in fashion and attending the same school as Natsuno, Megumi also hates living in the village and longs for city life. She has bad status in the village among older people and often gets gossiped about due to her unique outfits she casually wears. She has a one-sided crush on Natsuno and often daydreams of a relationship with him. Megumi encounters the Kirishiki family in the beginning of the series, and disappears without a trace until the residents find her lying in the middle of the forest. She is thought to die from a complicated case of anemia and is later revived as a Shiki. After she was revived, she became much more malicious, using her new powers to stalk Natsuno and target people close to him. At the end she tries to escape to the city but gets caught by the villagers due to a nostalgic vision of Natsuno that distracts her. Toru Muto (武藤 徹, *Muto Tōru*) Voiced by: Nobuhiko Okamoto (Japanese); Chris Burnett (English) He is the eighteen-year-old son of the director, Yuta Muto, of the Ozaki Clinic. He is the older brother of Aoi and Tamotsu, and Natsuno's best friend. He likes video games and has a kind of happy-go-lucky personality. He has a crush of one of the nurses, Kunihiro Ritsuko, who teaches him how to drive. He is killed by Megumi, as she was jealous of his closeness with Natsuno, but he then revives as a Shiki. He is a reluctant killer, consumed by the grief of killing his best friend. He is very subdued and seems more 'human' than many of the Shiki. Near the end of the series, he tries to force Ritsuko to kill her co-worker, Yasuyo but she refuses, stating it's against her nature. Not wanting to see Ritsuko in pain, he releases Yasuyo and spends his final moments holding Ritsuko's hand. When the village is set on ablaze, Natsuno sees their bodies, noting both Toru and Ritsuko were staked and put to peace. Kaori Tanaka (田中 かおり, *Tanaka Kaori*) Voiced by: Haruka Nagashima (Japanese); Alexis Tipton (English) Kaori is Megumi's childhood friend. She is 15 years old, and is a friendly, kind girl who does not realize the fact that her best friend Megumi has grown to dislike her. She and her younger brother Akira start spying on the Kirishikis when Akira notices one of the villagers who was supposed to be dead alive near the Kanemasa mansion. During the series, Kaori is deranged when her brother goes missing and her mother has died. When her father (who has become a shiki) intrudes into the house, she kills him with a baseball bat. She later awakens in the hospital, reunited with Akira. They watch as their home village is destroyed by the fire. Akira Tanaka (田中 昭, *Tanaka Akira*) Voiced by: Keiko Kawakami (Japanese); Luci Christian (English) He is Kaori's younger brother and he is in 7th grade. He is childish but very brave. When he sees one of the villagers who was supposed to be dead near the Kanemasa mansion, he and his sister start spying on the Kirishikis, which is when they meet Natsuno, who also believes that those who died are behind the murders in Sotoba. During the series, Akira went to inspect a house, discovering a sleeping shiki. When he is about to stake him, Tatsumi stops him. Akira later awakens, bound and gagged in front of the shiki he tried to kill. Natsuno saves him from the shiki and unites him with Kaori at the hospital. The Tanaka siblings watch as the fire destroys the village. Tatsumi (辰巳, *Tatsumi*) Voiced by: Wataru Takagi (Japanese); Ian Sinclair (English) One of the main servants to the Kirishiki family. Tatsumi is a special kind of vampire called the "jinrou", who can withstand the sunlight unlike Shiki and cannot be easily killed. He is a sadistic individual and enjoys tormenting his victims. But he is also quite calm, hardly showing any signs of panic during a fight or even in the face of death. He also acts as the commander of the Shiki-turned villagers. Despite this, Tatsumi feels that he is above the Shiki, who he sees as people who failed to become Jinrō due to some unknown fault that the successful Jinrō lacked prior to their transformation. He has a great respect for Sunako, risking his life for her near the end of the series. He also respects Natsuno as an equal rival, being the only other Jinrō in the village. He is killed in Natsuno's suicide attack at the end of the series.

## Media

### Novel

The novel *Shiki* was first published in 1998 by Shinchosha and consisted of 2 volumes. The second edition was published in *tankōbon* format in 2002 and consists of 5 volumes.

First edition:

* Vol. 1: ISBN 4-10-397002-2, September 1998
* Vol. 2: ISBN 4-10-397003-0, September 1998

Second edition:

### Manga

A manga adaptation of the novels, drawn by Ryu Fujisaki, was serialized in Shueisha's monthly *shōnen* manga magazine *Jump Square* from December 4, 2007, to June 3, 2011. Shueisha collected its chapters in eleven *tankōbon* volumes, released from July 4, 2008, to July 4, 2011.

The manga was licensed in France by Kazé.

#### Volume list

| No. | Release date | ISBN |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 01 | July 4, 2008 | 978-4-08-874549-7 |
| * 00. "Prologue" (序章, *"Joshō"*) * 01. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 1" (結城夏野編 第遺血話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Ichi Wa"*) * 02. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 2" (結城夏野編 第腐堕話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Futa (Ni) Wa"*) | | |
| 02 | July 4, 2008 | 978-4-08-874550-3 |
| * 03. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 3" (結城夏野編 第惨話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai San Wa"*) * 04. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 4" (結城夏野編 第死話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Shi (Yon) Wa"*) * 05. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter Side-Story: A Day of Masao Murasako" (結城夏野編 サイドストーリー 村迫正雄の一日, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Saido Sutōrī Murasako Masao no Ichinichi"*) | | |
| 03 | October 3, 2008 | 978-4-08-874585-5 |
| * 06. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 1" (尾崎敏夫編 第遺血話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Ichi Wa"*) * 07. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 5" (結城夏野編 第偽話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Itsu (Go) Wa"*) * 08. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 6" (結城夏野編 第髏苦話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Roku Wa"*) * 09. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 2" (尾崎敏夫編 第腐堕話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Futa (Ni) Wa"*) | | |
| 04 | February 4, 2009 | 978-4-08-874645-6 |
| * 10. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 3" (尾崎敏夫編 第惨話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai San Wa"*) * 11. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 7" (結城夏野編 第弑魑話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Shichi Wa"*) * 12. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter Side-Story: A Night of Masao Murasako" (結城夏野編 サイドストーリー 村迫正雄の一夜, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Saido Sutōrī Murasako Masao no Ichiya"*) * 13. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 8" (結城夏野編 第夜話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Ya (Hachi) Wa"*) | | |
| 05 | July 3, 2009 | 978-4-08-874707-1 |
| * 14. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 4" (尾崎敏夫編 第死話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Shi (Yon) Wa"*) * 15. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 5" (尾崎敏夫編 第偽話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Itsu (Go) Wa"*) * 16. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 9" (結城夏野編 第柩話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Kyū Wa"*) * 17. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 10" (結城夏野編 第悼話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Tō (Jū) Wa"*) | | |
| 06 | October 2, 2009 | 978-4-08-874744-6 |
| * 18. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 11" (結城夏野編 第悼と悲屠話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Tō to Hito (Jūichi) Wa"*) * 19. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 6" (尾崎敏夫編 第髏苦話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Roku Wa"*) * 20. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter Special: A Doctor's Record" (尾崎敏夫編 特別版 ある医師による記録, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Tokubetsu Ban Aru Ishi ni Yoru Kiroku"*) * 21. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 12" (結城夏野編 第悼と腐堕話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Tō to Futa (Jūni) Wa"*) | | |
| 07 | February 4, 2010 | 978-4-08-870007-6 |
| * 22. "Sunako Kirishiki Chapter: Part 1" (桐敷沙子編 第遺血話, *"Kirishiki Sunako Hen Dai Ichi Wa"*) * 23. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 7" (尾崎敏夫編 第弑魑話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Shichi Wa"*) * 24. "Side Story: Shimo Sotoba Housewife Motoko Maeda's July 25-November 6" (サイドストーリー 下外場主婦 前田元子の7月25日-11月6日, *"Saido Sutōrī Shimo Sotoba Shūfu Maeda Motoko no Shichigatsu Nijūgonichi-Jūichigatsu Muika"*) * 25. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 13" (結城夏野編 第悼と惨話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Tō to San (Jūsan) Wa"*) | | |
| 08 | July 2, 2010 | 978-4-08-870077-9 |
| * 26. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 8" (尾崎敏夫編 第夜話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Ya (Hachi) Wa"*) * 27. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 9" (尾崎敏夫編 第柩話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Kyū Wa"*) * 28. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 14" (結城夏野編 第悼と死話, *"Yūki Natsuno Hen Dai Tō to Shi (Jūyon) Wa"*) * 29. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 10" (尾崎敏夫編 第悼話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Tō (Jū) Wa"*) | | |
| 09 | October 4, 2010 | 978-4-08-870121-9 |
| * 30. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 11" (尾崎敏夫編 第悼と悲屠話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Tō to Hito (Jūichi) Wa"*) * 31. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 12" (尾崎敏夫編 第悼と腐堕話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Tō to Futa (Jūni) Wa"*) * 32. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 13" (尾崎敏夫編 第悼と惨話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Tō to San (Jūsan) Wa"*) * 33. "Seishin Muroi Chapter: Part 1" (室井静信編 第遺血話, *"Muroi Seishin Hen Dai Ichi Wa"*) | | |
| 10 | February 4, 2011 | 978-4-08-870199-8 |
| * 34. "Side Story: Shimo Sotoba Housewife Motoko Maeda's November 6" (サイドストーリー 下外場主婦 前田元子の11月6日, *"Saido Sutōrī Shimo Sotoba Shūfu Maeda Motoko no Jūichigatsu Muika"*) * 35. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 14" (尾崎敏夫編 第悼と死話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Tō to Shi (Jūyon) Wa"*) * 36. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 15" (尾崎敏夫編 第悼と偽話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Tō to Itsu Wa"*) * 37. "Toshio Ozaki Chapter: Part 16" (尾崎敏夫編 第悼と髏苦話, *"Ozaki Toshio Hen Dai Tō to Roku Wa"*) | | |
| 11 | July 4, 2011 | 978-4-08-870267-4 |
| * 38. "Seishin Muroi Chapter: Part 2: Decay and Degradation" * 39. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 15: Mourning and Lies" * 40. "Natsuno Yūki Chapter: Part 16: Mourning, Skulls and Anguish" * 41. "The last part" | | |

### Anime

An anime adaptation of the manga version of *Shiki* was first announced in Japan in December 2009, with the official website unveiled. Although Aniplex was listed as handling production for the anime, the website stated that the company will be in charge of distribution duties while Daume is responsible for the animation production. Japanese celebrity Gackt made his first regular cast debut on *Shiki*, as revealed during Noitamina's late-night timeslot lineup. Funimation simulcasted the series on their online video portal and released the series on DVD and Blu-ray on May 29, 2012. Funimation's rights to the series expired on June 30, 2018.

The 22 episodes aired from July 8 to December 30, 2010. Two bonus episodes were released in OVA format on DVD the following summer, bringing the episode total to 24. The OVAs are additions to episodes 20 and 21, that are numbered 20.5 and 21.5 and share the same episode titles, except with "and Offense" added to the end.

## InfoBox

| Shiki | |
| --- | --- |
| Cover of the first novel volume | |
| 屍鬼 | |
| Genre |  |
| Serial novel | |
| Written by | Fuyumi Ono |
| Published by | Shinchosha |
| Published | * September 1998 (original) * January 30–February 28, 2002 (reprint) |
| Volumes | * 2 (original) * 5 (reprint) |
| Manga | |
| Written by | Fuyumi Ono |
| Illustrated by | Ryu Fujisaki |
| Published by | Shueisha |
| Imprint | Jump Comics SQ. |
| Magazine | *Jump Square* |
| Demographic | *Shōnen* |
| Original run | December 4, 2007June 3, 2011 |
| Volumes | 11 |
| Anime television series | |
| Directed by | Tetsurō Amino |
| Produced by | * Ai Abe * Takamitsu Inoue * Noriko Ozaki * Hideo Isono |
| Written by | Kenji Sugihara |
| Music by | Yasuharu Takanashi |
| Studio | Daume |
| Licensed by |  |
| Original network | Fuji TV (Noitamina) |
| Original run | July 8, 2010  December 30, 2010 |
| Episodes | 22 + 2 OVAs |


title: The Wandering Hill

abstract: The Wandering Hill is a novel by Larry McMurtry published in 2003. It is the second, both in chronological and publishing order, of The Berrybender Narratives. Set in the year 1833, it recounts the Berrybenders' journey up the Yellowstone River into the Rocky Mountains. Publisher's Weekly said "McMurtry tosses in famous hunters and mountain men like Hugh Glass, Kit Carson and Tom Fitzpatrick, plus a buffalo stampede, grizzly bears and an Indian ambush, but these are just props to support the soap-opera antics of the Berrybender clan. A few folks manage to get themselves killed, but there are plenty of annoying Englishmen left to people the next two volumes." Kirkus wrote "Big issues masquerading as light fun. Highly entertaining." The title refers to a sinister-looking movable hill in Native American legend. The hill is said to appear at scenes of great tragedy, and is meant to symbolize the ill-conceived and ominous choices the Berrybenders are beginning to make.

text:
# The Wandering Hill

***The Wandering Hill*** is a novel by Larry McMurtry published in 2003. It is the second, both in chronological and publishing order, of *The Berrybender Narratives*. Set in the year 1833, it recounts the Berrybenders' journey up the Yellowstone River into the Rocky Mountains.

*Publisher's Weekly* said "McMurtry tosses in famous hunters and mountain men like Hugh Glass, Kit Carson and Tom Fitzpatrick, plus a buffalo stampede, grizzly bears and an Indian ambush, but these are just props to support the soap-opera antics of the Berrybender clan. A few folks manage to get themselves killed, but there are plenty of annoying Englishmen left to people the next two volumes."

*Kirkus* wrote "Big issues masquerading as light fun. Highly entertaining."

The title refers to a sinister-looking movable hill in Native American legend. The hill is said to appear at scenes of great tragedy, and is meant to symbolize the ill-conceived and ominous choices the Berrybenders are beginning to make.

## InfoBox

The Wandering Hill
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Larry McMurtry |
| Language | English |
| Series | Berrybender Narratives |
| Publisher | Simon & Schuster |
| Publication place | USA |
| Preceded by | *Sin Killer* |
| Followed by | *By Sorrow's River* |


title: Shakawe

abstract: Shakawe is a village located in the northwest corner of Botswana at the beginning of the Okavango Delta, close to Namibia and Angola. Shakawe is awakening from its former status as a sleepy little outpost on the Okavango. For travellers, Shakawe means a Botswana entry or exit stamp or a staging post for a visit to the Tsodilo Hills, 40 km away. For Southern African holiday-makers, it is most often the start of a fishing trip in the Okavango Panhandle. It also provides access to the Caprivi Strip. The record high temperature ever registered in Shakawe was 39.6 °C (103.3 °F). The lowest temperature registered in Shakawe was −6.1 °C (21.0 °F).

text:
# Shakawe

class=notpageimage|Location of Shakawe

**Shakawe** is a village located in the northwest corner of Botswana at the beginning of the Okavango Delta, close to Namibia and Angola. Shakawe is awakening from its former status as a sleepy little outpost on the Okavango. For travellers, Shakawe means a Botswana entry or exit stamp or a staging post for a visit to the Tsodilo Hills, 40 km away. For Southern African holiday-makers, it is most often the start of a fishing trip in the Okavango Panhandle. It also provides access to the Caprivi Strip. The record high temperature ever registered in Shakawe was 39.6 °C (103.3 °F). The lowest temperature registered in Shakawe was −6.1 °C (21.0 °F).

## Infrastructure

The village is served by Shakawe Airport. It is the gateway to the northern part of the Okavango Delta and the Linyanti area. Direct charter flights are operated to the aerodrome, with the main airline in the area being AirShakawe. Flight is the most efficient form of transport in the area.

Travel by road is slow. Tarred roads have been constructed but have deteriorated over time due to under-maintenance. Bus transport is available to the main city of Maun, but this is a 5-hour travel. The large village has also been connected to the main electric grid. A bridge is also under construction and is due to be finished around the end of 2019. Various lodges and tented camps have been constructed. The main ones are Xaro Lodge, Drotsky's Cabins and Shakawe River Lodge.

Shakawe is growing rapidly starting with two shopping centers or malls. Each mall has a well stocked supermarket. Also had developed a few safari lodges. A new medium-sized shopping center is being constructed.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 national census, the population of Shakawe and its associated localities was 7,506. The village of Shakawe on its own had 6,693 people.

18°22′9″S 21°50′45″E / 18.36917°S 21.84583°E / -18.36917; 21.84583


title: Southern Gateway, Virginia

abstract: Southern Gateway is a census-designated place in Stafford County, Virginia. The population as of the 2010 Census was 2,805. The "Southern Gateway" is described by the county as the area adjoining U.S. Route 17 between Interstate 95 and Berea Road to the west.

text:
# Southern Gateway, Virginia

**Southern Gateway** is a census-designated place in Stafford County, Virginia. The population as of the 2010 Census was 2,805. The "Southern Gateway" is described by the county as the area adjoining U.S. Route 17 between Interstate 95 and Berea Road to the west.

## InfoBox

| Southern Gateway | |
| --- | --- |
| CDP | |
| Location in Stafford County and the state of Virginia. | |
| Coordinates: 38°20′42″N 77°30′13″W / 38.34500°N 77.50361°W / 38.34500; -77.50361 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Virginia |
| County | Stafford |
| Population (2010) | |
| Total | 2,805 |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| ZIP codes | 22406 |
| FIPS code | 51-73760 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2584920 |


title: Robert Puleston

abstract: Robert Puleston was a brother-in-law and supporter of Owain Glyndŵr, at the time of his rebellion against King Henry IV of England in the early 15th century and afterwards.

text:
# Robert Puleston

**Robert Puleston** was a brother-in-law and supporter of Owain Glyndŵr, at the time of his rebellion against King Henry IV of England in the early 15th century and afterwards.

## Lineage

He was from a well established Welsh Marcher family. Pulestons had settled during the reign of King Henry III in Newport, Shropshire initially, in Pilston village and manor, from where they derive their surname.

His forebear Sir Roger de Puleston (died 1294) established himself at Emral in Maelor Saesneg, and was appointed the first High Sheriff of Anglesey by King Edward I of England in 1293. His first task there was to impose the new English taxes (one fifteenth of all moveables) that unsurprisingly led to the revolt of Madog ap Llywelyn, at the height of which the Welsh mob seized the Sheriff and hanged him following a raid on Caernarvon borough.

Another Puleston, Richard de Puleston, was at this time King Edward's High Sheriff of Caernarvonshire and had been appointed the same date as Sir Roger - the two men were brothers.

## Career

Robert Puleston was son of Richard Puleston. He was a witness in the Scrope v. Grosvenor Trial at Chester in 1386, alongside another witness Owain Glyndŵr.

This trial was to settle a dispute between Sir Richard le Scrope of Bolton and Sir Robert Grosvenor of Hulme concerning ownership of a coat of arms. During King Richard II's military campaign in Scotland in 1385 three knights had borne the same coat of arms. Also involved was Carminow of Cornwall.

The Court was presided over by the Duke of Gloucester as Constable of England who also adjudicated on the evidence presented by each party and their many witnesses. The trial was to run for five years.

Glyndŵr gave evidence on behalf of Grosvenor saying he had seen Grosvenor bear the arms and that in the counties of Flintshire, Chester and Denbighshire they were accepted as being his rightfully. Glyndŵr's younger brother Tudur also testified to this, as did Puleston. However, eventually Scrope won.

Puleston later took part in Glyndŵr's rebellion and his extensive lands in the county of Chester, in Shropshire, and Flintshire were declared forfeit before 1401. However, as part of the programme of Royal Pardons meted out by the new King Henry V he received his old lands back, restored to him after the rebellion had petered out around 1415.

## Marriage and issue

Robert Puleston married Owain Glyndŵr's younger sister, Lowry. They had a son called John Puleston, whose will was proved in 1444. He married Angharad, a daughter of Griffith Hanmer, of the same family as Owain Glyndŵr's wife, Margaret Hanmer.

Angharad was a granddaughter of Gronw ap Tudor of Anglesey, member of the Tudors of Penmynydd. Another son, Roger Puleston (died 1469), who was a staunch ally of Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke holding Denbigh Castle as Deputy Constable to Jasper Tudor in 1460 and 1461.


title: Upper Dallas School

abstract: The Upper Dallas School is a historic former school building in, and the present town hall for, Dallas Plantation, Maine. Located on Dallas Mountain Road, it is the best-preserved of two surviving district schoolhouses built by the small community, and has apparently served as town hall since its construction. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

text:
# Upper Dallas School

The **Upper Dallas School** is a historic former school building in, and the present town hall for, Dallas Plantation, Maine. Located on Dallas Mountain Road, it is the best-preserved of two surviving district schoolhouses built by the small community, and has apparently served as town hall since its construction (whose date is a subject of uncertainty). The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

## Description and history

The Upper Dallas School is set on the north side of Dallas Mountain Road, adjacent to a large public works building opposite its junction with Herrick Farm Road. It is a single-story wood frame structure, with a front-gable roof, clapboard siding, and a rubblestone foundation. The front facade is symmetrically arranged, with two widely spaced entrances and a central sash window, framed by simple trim with modest entablatures. The building has thin cornerboards, and the front-facing gable has cornice with simple returns. A small ell extends the building to the rear. The west elevation has a single window, while the east side has eight. The interior features a pair of narrow vestibules opening into a large chamber, which has a raised platform (presumably for a teacher's desk) in the space between the vestibules. The vestibules and main chamber both feature pressed tin ceilings. The ell houses a storage space for town records, and for pit toilets at the rear.

Town records are sketchy as to when this particular building was built. Dallas Plantation was organized in 1845, and an 1861 map shows a school building standing at or near this site. However, the parcel of land on which this building stands was purchased by the town in 1888, and the building is stylistically of a later 19th-century period. The town also built a second school in 1895 (known as the "Lower Dallas School"), which has been converted into a residence. The exact period for which it was used as a school is unknown; local lore maintains that it has been used continuously since its construction for town meetings (notwithstanding a 1939 WPA history claiming its use for that purpose ended in 1929). It is one of the small community's only surviving 19th-century buildings.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Upper Dallas School | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Dallas Mountain Rd., Dallas Plantation, Maine |
| Coordinates | 44°57′55″N 70°36′8″W / 44.96528°N 70.60222°W / 44.96528; -70.60222 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1888 (1888) |
| Architectural style | Late Victorian |
| NRHP reference No. | 89002345 |
| Added to NRHP | February 9, 1990 |


title: Sitalkuchi

abstract: Sitalkuchi is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Mathabhanga subdivision of the Cooch Behar district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

text:
# Sitalkuchi

**Sitalkuchi** is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Mathabhanga subdivision of the Cooch Behar district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography

Sitalkuchi is located at 26°10′N 89°11′E / 26.16°N 89.19°E / 26.16; 89.19.

Topographically, Cooch Behar district is generally plain land which is low and marshy in places. “Considering the nature of general surface configuration, relief and drainage pattern, distribution of different types of soil, climatic condition, the formation of geology and forest tracts, the district Koch Bihar falls under Barind Tract. The physiology of this area consists of alluvial soil, generally blackish brown in colour and composed of sand, clay and silt. The soils are loose and sandy throughout the district.” The Himalayan formations in the north end beyond the boundaries of this district. There are no hills/ mountains here. It has a large network of rivers flowing from north-west to south and south-east. The Teesta flows through Mekhliganj CD block before entering Bangladesh. The Jaldhaka and its connected river-streams form a large catchment area in the district. It virtually divides the district into two unequal parts and meets the Brahmaputra in Bangladesh. The Himalayan rivers flowing through Cooch Behar district change courses from time to time. In 1876, W.W. Hunter mentioned the Dharla and the Torsha as the same stream with two names. However, since the advent of the 20th century, these are two different streams meeting the Brahmaputra in Bangladesh.

The hill-streams of Cooch Behar carry debris and silt from the Himalayas and are shallow. During the monsoons the speed of flow of the rivers almost doubles and the rivers overflow the banks causing floods and devastation. The Mansai and Dharla are the major rivers causing floods in the Sitalkuchi CD block.

The Sitalkuchi CD block is bounded by the Mathabhanga I CD block on the north, the Cooch Behar I CD block on the east, the Sitai CD block on the south, and the Hatibandha Upazila in Lalmonirhat District of Bangladesh on the west.

The Sitalkuchi CD block has an area of 262.51 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 8 gram panchayats, 143 gram sansads (village councils), 70 mouzas and 67 inhabited villages. Sitalkuchi police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block is at Sitalkuchi.

Gram panchayats of Sitai block/ panchayat samiti are: Bara Koimari, Bhawerthana, Chhoto Salbabari, Golenaohati, Gosairhat, Khalisamari, Lalbazar and Sitalkuchi.

## Demographics

### Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, the Sitalkuchi CD block had a total population of 185,353, all of which were rural. There were 94,277 (51%) males and 91,076 (49%) females. There were 25,304 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The Scheduled Castes numbered 101,009 (54.50%) and the Scheduled Tribes numbered 259 (0.14%).

According to the 2001 census, Sitalkuchi block had a total population of 163,802, out of which 84,477 were males and 79,325 were females. Sitalkuchi block registered a population growth of 7.81 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade.

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Sitalkuchi CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Mahishmuri (5,525), Bhogdabri (4,075), Sitalkuchi (37,052), Golenaohati (10,208), Petlaepra (5,261), Bara Gadaikhora (4,753), Nagar Lalbazar (7,732) and Bara Masia (5,975).

Other villages in the Sitalkuchi CD block include (2011 census figures in brackets): Bhair Thana (3,656), Bara Kaimari (3,250) and Chotta Salbari (3,635).

### Literacy

According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in the Sitalkuchi CD block was 12,572 (70.34% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 62,693 (77.03% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 49,879 (63.41% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 13.61%.

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

| Literacy in CD blocks of
Cooch Behar district |
| --- |
| Cooch Behar Sadar subdivision |
| Cooch Behar I – 76.56% |
| Cooch Behar II – 81.39% |
| Dinhata subdivision |
| Dinhata I – 73.23% |
| Dinhata II – 72.33% |
| Sitai – 62.79% |
| Mathabhanga subdivision |
| Sitalkuchi – 70.34% |
| Mathabhanga I – 71.51% |
| Mathabhanga II – 72.68% |
| Tufanganj subdivision |
| Tufanganj I – 73.69% |
| Tufanganj II – 75.75% |
| Mekhliganj subdivision |
| Mekhliganj – 69.34% |
| Haldibari – 69.22% |
| Source:
2011 Census: CD Block Wise
Primary Census Abstract Data |

### Language and religion

| Religion in Sitalkuchi CD block (2011) | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | |  |  | |
| Hinduism | |  | 64.53% | |
| Islam | |  | 35.31% | |
| Other or not stated | |  | 0.16% | |

In the 2011 Census of India, Hindus numbered 119,603 and formed 64.53% of the population of Sitalkuchi CD block. Muslims numbered 65,446 and formed 35.31% of the population. Christians numbered 136 and formed 0.07% of the population. Others numbered 168 and formed 0.09% of the population.

Languages of Sitalkuchi CD block (2011)

Bengali (98.43%)  'Other' Bengali (0.92%)  Others (0.65%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 98.43% of the population spoke Bengali as their first language. 0.92% were recorded as speaking 'Other' under Bengali.

## Rural poverty

Based on a study of the per capita consumption in rural and urban areas, using central sample data of NSS 55th Round 1999-2000, Cooch Behar district had a rural poverty ratio of 25.62%.

According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 20-26% of the population of Cooch Behar, Birbhum, Nadia and Hooghly districts were below poverty line, marginally higher than the level of poverty in West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.

## Economy

### Livelihood

**Livelihood
in Sitaikuchi CD block**

Cultivators (56.59%)  Agricultural labourers (29.94%)  Household industries (1.96%)  Other Workers (11.52%)

In the Sitalkuchi CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 41,464 and formed 56.59%, agricultural labourers numbered 21,937 and formed 29.94%, household industry workers numbered 1,436 and formed 1.96% and other workers numbered 8,440 and formed 11.52%. Total workers numbered 73,277 and formed 39.53% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 112,076 and formed 60.47% of the population.

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.

### Infrastructure

There are 67 inhabited villages in the Sitalkuchi CD block, as per the *District Census Handbook*, Cooch Behar, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 66 villages (98.51%) have drinking water supply. 15 villages (22.39%) have post offices. 58 villages (86.57%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 35 villages (52.24%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 19 villages (28.36%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 4 villages (5.97%) have agricultural credit societies and 5 villages (7.46%) have banks.

### Agriculture

Agriculture is the primary mode of living in the district. The entire Cooch Behar district has fertile soil and around half of the cultivated land in the district is cropped twice or more. Paddy (rice) and jute are the largest producing crops, followed by potatoes, vegetables and pulses. There are 23 tea gardens on glided slopes. There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal.

In 2012-13, there were 100 fertiliser depots, 2 seed stores and 30 fair price shops in the Sitalkuchi CD block.

In 2012–13, the Sitalkuchi CD block produced 47,185 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 21,223 hectares, 16,575 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 5,285 hectares, 525 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 341 hectares, 5 tonnes of wheat from 3 hectares, 112,736 tonnes of jute from 8,247 hectares and 35,272 tonnes of potatoes from 1,089 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.

In 2012-13, the total area irrigated in the Sitalkuchi CD block was 4,637 hectares, out of which 237 hectares were irrigated by private canal water, 395 hectares by tank water, 462 hectares by river lift irrigation, 165 hectares by deep tube wells, 2,574 hectares by shallow tube wells, 86 hectares by open dug wells, 721 hectares by other means.

### Pisciculture

Being a river-bound district, pisciculture is an important economic activity in the Cooch Behar district. Almost all the rivers originating in the Himalayas have a lot of fish. The net area under effective pisciculture in 2010-11 in the Sitalkuchi CD block was 120.55 hectares. 18,565 persons were engaged in the profession and approximate annual production was 7,973 quintals.

### Banking

In 2012-13, Sitalkuchi CD block had offices of 3 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.

## Transport

Sitalkuchi CD block has 3 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 36 km from block headquarters.

## Education

In 2012-13, Sitalkuchi CD block had 125 primary schools with 18,486 students, 25 middle schools with 12,522 students, 6 high schools with 5,885 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 15,100 students. Sitalkuchi CD block had 1 general degree college with 822 students, 1 technical/ professional institution with 96 students, 332 institutions for special and non-formal education with 18,197 students.

See also – Education in India

According to the 2011 census, in the Sitalkuchi CD block, among the 67 inhabited villages, 5 villages did not have schools, 36 villages had two or more primary schools, 19 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 12 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.

Sitalkuchi College was established in 1999 at Sitalkuchi

### Baramaricha Delwar Hossain High School

The **Baramaricha Delwar Hossain High School** is a government-sponsored, co-educational, higher secondary school under Sitalkuchi East Circle (26°08′07″N 89°14′38″E / 26.1352°N 89.2438°E / 26.1352; 89.2438). It was founded in 1872 during the Cooch Behar State regime. The school is the oldest school of Cooch Behar District.

The school was originally named Maricha M.E. School and was one of the state M.E. Schools. It was converted to a basic school on January 4, 1960. It was then converted to junior high school on January 1, 1970. It was later converted to a high school on January 1, 1984. Sometime during its history, the name changed from Maricha High School to Baramaricha Delwar Hossain High School in honor of its first headmaster, Delwar Hossain. In the 2004–2005 school year, the school was upgraded to a higher secondary school.

## Healthcare

In 2013, Sitalkuchi CD block had 1 block primary health centre and 2 primary health centres with total 40 beds and 5 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 30 family welfare subcentres. 5,356 patients were treated indoor and 34,262patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.

Sitalkuchi Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Sitalkuchi village, is the major government medical facility in the Sitalkuchi CD block. There are primary health centres at Chotosalbari (with 6 beds) and Jatamari (with 4 beds).

## InfoBox

| Sitalkuchi Sitailkuchi | |
| --- | --- |
| Community development block | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 26°10′N 89°11′E / 26.16°N 89.19°E / 26.16; 89.19 | |
| Country | India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | Cooch Behar |
| Government | |
| Type | Representative democracy |
| Area | |
| Total | 262.51 km2 (101.36 sq mi) |
| Population (2001) | |
| Total | 185,353 |
| Density | 710/km2 (1,800/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Bengali, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Cooch Behar |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Sitalkuchi |
| Website | coochbehar.gov.in |


title: The First Night of Pygmalion

abstract: The First Night of Pygmalion is a play by Richard Huggett, first performed in 1968. It depicts backstage events during the first British production of George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion. It depicts the backstage tensions between Shaw, Mrs Patrick Campbell who played Eliza Doolitle, and Herbert Beerbohm Tree who played Professor Higgins, including the controversy surrounding the line "not bloody likely". It is mainly based on letters, diaries and newspaper reports from the time. The play has twice been adapted for British television.

text:
# The First Night of Pygmalion

***The First Night of Pygmalion*** is a play by Richard Huggett, first performed in 1968. It depicts backstage events during the first British production of George Bernard Shaw's play *Pygmalion*.

It depicts the backstage tensions between Shaw, Mrs Patrick Campbell who played Eliza Doolitle, and Herbert Beerbohm Tree who played Professor Higgins, including the controversy surrounding the line "not bloody likely". It is mainly based on letters, diaries and newspaper reports from the time.

The play has twice been adapted for British television (in 1969 and 1975).


title: Leah Poulos-Mueller

abstract: Leah Jean Poulos-Mueller is an American retired speed skater. She competed at the 1972, 1976 and 1980 Winter Olympics, and won two silver medals in 1980 and one in 1976. She garnered more than 65 Olympic, world, and international speed skating medals and titles during a career that spanned 12 competitive years and three Olympic teams. After retiring from competitions she had a long career in law as a civil litigator.

text:
# Leah Poulos-Mueller

**Leah Jean Poulos-Mueller** (*née* **Poulos**; born October 5, 1951) is an American retired speed skater. She competed at the 1972, 1976 and 1980 Winter Olympics, and won two silver medals in 1980 and one in 1976. She garnered more than 65 Olympic, world, and international speed skating medals and titles during a career that spanned 12 competitive years and three Olympic teams. After retiring from competitions she had a long career in law as a civil litigator.

## Early life and education

In the early years, Poulos was a member of the Northbrook Speedskating Club in Northbrook, Illinois where many Olympians were trained. The club was founded in 1952 and resulted in Northbrook being dubbed as the *Speedskating Capital of the World*. More than twenty skaters from the club went on to the Olympic Games, and at least five skaters were recipients of various medals.

In the early days of her athletic career, her parents financed her training and travel expenses. She began training at the age of 7.

## Speedskating career

### 1970 World Sprint Championships

Poulos specialized in sprint events and made her international debut at the World Sprint Speed Skating Championships (then called the *ISU Sprint Championships*) in 1970, where she won a silver medal in the 500 meter event.

### 1972 Winter Olympic Games, Japan

Poulos placed 24th in the 1500 m and 17th in the 3000 m at the 1972 Winter Olympics.

### 1974 World Allround Championships

Poulos competed in several World Allround Championships. Her first World Championship title came in 1974 when she became World Sprint Champion.

### 1976 Winter Olympic Games, Innsbruck

Poulos participated in the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck and she entered in three distances. The first race was the 1500 m, in which she finished 6th. The next day, she skated the 500 m and finished 4th – only 0.04 seconds away from a bronze medal. The day after that, she won silver on the 1000 m, behind world record holder Tatyana Averina, and ahead of her compatriot Sheila Young, who took the bronze medal. Later that year, she won silver at the World Sprint Championships, behind Sheila Young.

### 1976–1979 World Sprint Championships

In 1976 and 1977, Poulos-Mueller won silver again at the World Sprint Championships. In 1977, she won just behind Sylvia Burka. Poulos-Mueller retired from competition for one year when she married Peter Mueller. She returned to competition in 1979 and immediately became World Sprint Champion again. At this point, Poulos-Mueller was considered the best in the world in the women's 500 meter category. The following year, Poulos-Mueller finished second at the World Sprint Championships.

### 1980 Winter Olympic Games, New York

Poulos participated in the 1980 Winter Olympics, where she competed in the 500 m and the 1000 m, winning silver in both.

### 1980 World Sprint Championships

In 1980, Poulos-Mueller won silver again at the World Sprint Championships.

## Hall of Fame

Poulos-Mueller was inducted into the following Halls of Fame:

| Date | Hall of Fame |
| --- | --- |
| 1984 | American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association Athletic Hall of Fame (First Woman Inductee) |
| 1988 | *National Speedskating Hall of Fame* |
| 1995 | *Northbrook Sports Hall of Fame* in 1995. |
| 2009 | Chicagoland Sports Hall of Fame |

Poulos-Mueller is a JD graduate of Marquette University Law School. Presently, Poulos-Mueller is a practicing attorney and is the Senior Partner of Poulos-Mueller Attorneys out of Milwaukee where her practice was focused on constitutional rights. Poulos-Mueller currently concentrates a significant portion of her law practice in the areas of family and elder law.

### White House Guest

Poulos-Mueller was a frequent guest of the United States President at the White House. Following are dates and events that Poulos-Mueller was an official guest at the White House:

She was a founding member of Title IX discussions resulting in increased participatory rights for women and girls in sports.

| Date | President | Event |
| --- | --- | --- |
| May 7, 1976 | Gerald Ford | Meeting With the 1976 U.S. Winter Olympic Medal Winners |

## Personal life

After partially retiring from skating, in September 1977, Poulos married Peter Mueller, who had also won a gold medal on the 1000 m at the 1976 Winter Olympics. She then retired in earnest and then came out of retirement three years later to participate in the 1980 Winter Olympics. Subsequent to winning her string of medals, Poulos-Mueller retired from her Olympic career in order to support her husband's career and training and to prioritize her family values. Throughout her career as an Olympian, she also maintained a part-time career as a sales representative for Coca-Cola was the executive director or the United States International Speed Skating Association and mother of two.

## InfoBox

Leah Poulos-Mueller
| Leah Poulos in 1977 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | October 5, 1951 (1951-10-05) (age 73)
Berwyn, Illinois, U.S. |
| Height | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) |
| Weight | 59 kg (130 lb) |
| Spouse | Peter Mueller (divorced) |
| Sport | |
| Country | United States |
| Sport | Speed skating |
| Club | Northbrook Speedskating Club |
| Achievements and titles | |
| Personal best(s) | 500 m – 41.13 (1980)
1000 m – 1:23.07 (1980)
1500 m – 2:13.98 (1976)
3000 m – 5:11.43 (1976) |
| Medal record      Representing  the  United States   Olympic Games   1976 Innsbruck  1000 m  1980 Lake Placid  500 m  1980 Lake Placid  1000 m  World Championships   1974 Innsbruck  Sprint  1979 Inzell  Sprint  1976 Berlin  Sprint  1977 Alkmaar  Sprint  1980 West Allis  Sprint | |


title: Chase N. Cashe

abstract: Jesse Woodard, also known as Chase N. Cashe, is an American songwriter, producer, and musician, best known for co-writing and co-producing 5× Platinum hit "Drop The World" for Lil Wayne and Eminem. An original member of music collective Surf Club, Woodard is noted for working with rappers Drake, J. Cole, and Kendrick Lamar, as well as singer Frank Ocean, in the early stages of their respective careers. He is also known for various Troy Ave, Beyoncé, Young Money Entertainment and The Pussycat Dolls productions.

text:
# Chase N. Cashe

**Jesse Woodard** (born September 11, 1987), also known as **Chase N. Cashe**, is an American songwriter, producer, and musician, best known for co-writing and co-producing 5× Platinum hit "Drop The World" for Lil Wayne and Eminem. An original member of music collective Surf Club (with producer Hit-Boy, songwriter Stacy Barthe, producer Brandon Carrier and several other members), Woodard is noted for working with rappers Drake, J. Cole, and Kendrick Lamar, as well as singer Frank Ocean (then known as Christopher Breaux - a fellow co-writer on Brandy's "1st & Love" from her 2008 album *Human*), in the early stages of their respective careers. He is also known for various Troy Ave, Beyoncé, Young Money Entertainment and The Pussycat Dolls productions.

## Discography

* *Gumbeaux* (2011)
* *Charm* (2012)
* *Heir Waves* (Deluxe Edition) (2013)
* *The Best There Is...* (2014)
* *The Heir Up There 2* (2015)
* *Cashe Rules 2* (2016)
* *We Never Close 2* (2018)
* *Mannie Fest* (2019)

## Songwriting and production credits

Credits are courtesy of Discogs, Tidal, Apple Music, and AllMusic.

| Title | Year | Artist | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| "Pak Man" | 2007 | Yung Joc | *Hustlenomics* |
| "1st & Love" | 2008 | Brandy | *Human* |
| | "Takin' Over the World" | The Pussycat Dolls | *Doll Domination* |
| | "Lay Back & Chill" | Tiffany Evans | *Tiffany Evans* |
| | "Priceless" (Featuring Birdman) | Flo Rida | *Mail on Sunday* |
| "New Shit" | 2009 | Young Money | *We Are Young Money* |
| | | | "Pass the Dutch" (Featuring Short Dawg) |
| | | | "F\*** da Bullshit" (Featuring Birdman) |
| | "Get Up, Get Down" | Willy Northpole | *Tha Connect* |
| "Drop the World" (Featuring Eminem) | 2010 | Lil Wayne | *Rebirth* |
| | "The Sellout" | Macy Gray | *The Sellout* |
| "Look What You've Done" | 2011 | Drake | *Take Care* |
| | "Neverland" | J. Cole | *Any Given Sunday #5* |
| | "World Goes Round" | Trouble | *December 17th* |
| | "I Can't" | *Green Light* |
| | "I Gotta Make A Move" (Featuring Alley Boy) |
| "Just Might" | 2012 | Skeme | *Alive & Living* |
| | "We Ball" (Featuring Kendrick Lamar) | Dom Kennedy | *Yellow Album* |
| "Lullaby" | 2013 | Troy Ave | *New York City: The Album* |
| | "Rise Up" | Beyoncé | *Epic (Soundtrack)* |
| "You Made Me" (Featuring Tish Hyman) | 2014 | Fabolous | *The Young OG Project* |
| | "Poet" | Rocko | *Poet* |
| | | "Pain" |
| | "Problems" | Iamsu! | *Sincerely Yours* |
| "Do Me No Favors" (Featuring Fabolous and Jadakiss) | 2015 | Troy Ave | *Major Without a Deal* |
| | | | "Taste of Revenge" |
| | | | "Your Style (Remix)" (Featuring Puff Daddy, Mase, and T.I.) |
| | "Here I Am" | Stacy Barthe | *Becoming* |
| "Love Song" | 2018 | Chico | *Steak X Shrimp, Vol. 3* |
| "Commitment" | 2021 | Lloyd Banks | *The Course of the Inevitable* |
|

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Ceremony | Award | Result | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | BMI 14th Annual Unsigned Urban Showcase | First Place | Won |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Jesse Woodard IV | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1987-09-11) September 11, 1987 <br>New Orleans, Louisiana, United States |
| Other names | Chase N. Cashe |
| **Musical career** | |
| Genres |  |
| Occupations | * Producer * songwriter * rapper |
| Years active | 2007–present |
| Labels |  |
|  | |


title: The Wandering Image

abstract: The Wandering Image is a 1920 German silent drama film directed by Fritz Lang and starring Mia May, Hans Marr and Rudolf Klein-Rogge. It is also known by the alternative titles of The Wandering Picture and The Wandering Shadow. The film's sets were designed by Otto Hunte. The art directors Erich Kettelhut and Robert Neppach were employed designing models for the production.

text:
# The Wandering Image

***The Wandering Image*** (German: ***Das wandernde Bild***) is a 1920 German silent drama film directed by Fritz Lang and starring Mia May, Hans Marr and Rudolf Klein-Rogge. It is also known by the alternative titles of ***The Wandering Picture*** and ***The Wandering Shadow*** (USA title).

The film's sets were designed by Otto Hunte. The art directors Erich Kettelhut and Robert Neppach were employed designing models for the production.

## Cast

## Bibliography

* Bock, Hans-Michael & Bergfelder, Tim. *The Concise CineGraph. Encyclopedia of German Cinema*. Berghahn Books, 2009.
* Kreimeier, Klaus. *The Ufa Story: A History of Germany's Greatest Film Company, 1918-1945*. University of California Press, 1999.

## InfoBox

| The Wandering Image | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Fritz Lang |
| Written by | Fritz Lang
Thea von Harbou |
| Produced by | Joe May |
| Starring | Mia May
Hans Marr
Rudolf Klein-Rogge |
| Cinematography | Guido Seeber |
| Production
company | May-Film |
| Distributed by | UFA |
| Release date | * 25 December 1920 (1920-12-25) |
| Running time | 75 minutes |
| Country | Germany |
| Languages | Silent
German intertitles |


title: Caspar Purdon Clarke

abstract: Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke was an English architect and museum director.

text:
# Caspar Purdon Clarke

**Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke** CIE (21 December 1846 – 29 March 1911) was an English architect and museum director.

## Early years

Born in 1846, Clarke was the second son of Edward Marmaduke Clarke and Mary Agnes Close. He was educated at Gaultier's School in Sydenham, Kent and Beaucourt's School in Boulogne, France. Between 1862 and 1865 he studied architecture at the National Art Training Schools at South Kensington. In 1865 he entered the office of works where he distinguished himself in work for the rebuilding of the Houses of Parliament. In 1866 he married Frances Susannah Collins with whom he had eight children, three sons and five daughters. The eldest son, Caspar Stanley Clarke became assistant keeper of the Indian section of the Victoria and Albert Museum.

## South Kensington Museum

In 1867 he moved to the South Kensington Museum where he oversaw mosaic reproduction. Beginning in 1874, Clarke accepted various foreign assignments as supervising architect to the crown, most notably Tehran. In 1876, Clarke travelled to Turkey, Syria, and Greece and in 1879 to Spain, Italy, and Germany buying artefacts for the Museum.

In 1878 he acted as architect of the Indian section and commercial agent to the Indian government at the Paris Exhibition. In 1880 Clarke arranged the Indian collections at South Kensington, which led to taking on the position of special commissioner in India and then becoming keeper of the India Museum at South Kensington in 1883. His acquisitions included the Hamzanama folios, early Mughal illustrations of the epic adventures of Hamza by northern Indian and Iranian artists. He also bought contemporary crafts, architectural woodwork and drawings. In 1892 Clarke was appointed Keeper of the art collections, in 1893 promoted to assistant director before finally becoming Director in 1896. During his time as Director he also filled the posts of Royal Commissioner at the 1900 Paris Exhibition and at St Louis in 1904. He resigned from the South Kensington Museum (renamed in 1899 as the Victoria and Albert Museum) in 1905.

Whilst at the South Kensington Museum, he continued to be active as an architect and undertook several commissions in the Indian style. These included Lord Brassey's Indian Museum in Park Lane in 1887 and the Indian Palace at the 1889 Paris Exhibition. In 1899 he was commissioned, in conjunction with architect William Young, to design the Indian hall at Elvedon, Suffolk by Edward Guinness, 1st Earl of Iveagh (1847–1927). He also later advised Iveagh on the furniture and tapestries for Elvedon.

## Metropolitan Museum of Art

In 1904 the president and director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York Luigi Palma di Cesnola died. The American millionaire and art collector J. P. Morgan (1837–1913) assumed the duties as President of the Museum and hired Clarke to be its second director. It was hoped he would be able to raise the Metropolitan Museum of Art to the international standing of the Victoria and Albert Museum. In 1905 Clarke hired Edward Robinson, the recently resigned director of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, to be his assistant director. He returned to England due to ill health in 1909 and resigned in 1910. He remained the museum's honorary European correspondent until his death. Clarke died at Earls Court, London on 29 March 1911.

## Other offices

Clarke's official duties did not stop him carrying out other notable work. In 1870 he organised and conducted evening art classes for artisans in Soho, Lambeth, and Clerkenwell and he designed Cotherstone church, Durham (1876), Alexandra House, Kensington (1886, for students at the Royal College of Music), and the National School of Cookery, South Kensington (1887). He visited America to study the housing of female students at Boston in 1884, edited a work on oriental carpets for the Austrian government in 1892, and besides lecturing, contributed numerous papers on architecture, Eastern arts and crafts, and arms and armour to the Journal of the Society of Arts, the Journal of Indian Art, the Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, and other publications. In 1910 he published a catalogue of the Arms and Armour at Sandringham.

He was made chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur in 1878, in which year he also received silver and bronze medals at the Paris Exhibition, which were followed by a gold medal in 1889. He was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries on 4 May 1893. He was created a Companion of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1883, and was knighted in the 1902 Coronation Honours, receiving the accolade from King Edward VII at Buckingham Palace on 24 October that year. He was also given the commander's cross of the order of the crown of Germany.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke | |
| --- | --- |
| Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke, Director of the Art Museum (Division of the Victoria and Albert Museum) | |
| Born | (1846-12-21)21 December 1846
Richmond, County Dublin, Ireland |
| Died | (1911-03-29)29 March 1911
Earl's Court, London, England |


title: Chuffer Dandridge

abstract: Chuffer Dandridge was a fictional Shakespearean actor-manager, whose emails were frequently read out by Terry Wogan on his BBC Radio 2 breakfast show Wake Up to Wogan, which aired from 1993 until 2009. Dandridge was created by fans of the show, Roger Byrne and Charles Slane, who described him as a "semi-retired Actor-Manager in search of a big break". Like several other contributors, they chose a humorous pseudonym after many listeners had used double entendres in names to catch Wogan out. The pair emailed new material on a daily basis, which Wogan would then read out on his show, sometimes corpsing with laughter along with colleagues Paul Walters, Alan Dedicoat and John "Boggy" Marsh. The character was retired along with Wogan leaving the Radio 2 breakfast slot in 2009, although the character did return briefly the following year on Wogan's weekend show, Weekend Wogan. Dandridge misreported news and travel stories, interspersing them with a humorous monologue of his acting career. He frequently name dropped colleagues he claimed to meet in the theatre, and a regular in-joke was him complaining about being owed a white fiver he lent a colleague when both were in repertory theatre. Wogan subsequently published some of the email transcripts in his autobiographies; in one, Dandridge compared the Eurovision Song Contest, which Wogan had presented for many years, to "a cabaret in pre-war Berlin, where I was naked, painted in zebra stripes and sitting bareback on a horse". David Sillito, Arts Correspondent for the BBC, suggested Dandridge was created to appeal to Wogan's love of author P. G. Wodehouse. Wogan thought Dandridge's monologues parodied Donald Sinden and his character, optimistically hoping to revive his showbusiness career, was based on Charles Dickens' Samuel Pickwick. Byrne and Slane eventually met Wogan at a bookstore signing in Dublin, surprising the latter who expected the pair to be significantly older.

text:
# Chuffer Dandridge

**Chuffer Dandridge** was a fictional Shakespearean actor-manager, whose emails were frequently read out by Terry Wogan on his BBC Radio 2 breakfast show *Wake Up to Wogan*, which aired from 1993 until 2009.

Dandridge was created by fans of the show, Roger Byrne and Charles Slane, who described him as a "semi-retired Actor-Manager in search of a big break". Like several other contributors, they chose a humorous pseudonym after many listeners had used double entendres in names to catch Wogan out. The pair emailed new material on a daily basis, which Wogan would then read out on his show, sometimes corpsing with laughter along with colleagues Paul Walters, Alan Dedicoat and John "Boggy" Marsh. The character was retired along with Wogan leaving the Radio 2 breakfast slot in 2009, although the character did return briefly the following year on Wogan's weekend show, Weekend Wogan.

Dandridge misreported news and travel stories, interspersing them with a humorous monologue of his acting career. He frequently name dropped colleagues he claimed to meet in the theatre, and a regular in-joke was him complaining about being owed a white fiver (pre-1957 £5 note) he lent a colleague when both were in repertory theatre. Wogan subsequently published some of the email transcripts in his autobiographies; in one, Dandridge compared the Eurovision Song Contest, which Wogan had presented for many years, to "a cabaret in pre-war Berlin, where I was naked, painted in zebra stripes and sitting bareback on a horse".

David Sillito, Arts Correspondent for the BBC, suggested Dandridge was created to appeal to Wogan's love of author P. G. Wodehouse. Wogan thought Dandridge's monologues parodied Donald Sinden and his character, optimistically hoping to revive his showbusiness career, was based on Charles Dickens' Samuel Pickwick. Byrne and Slane eventually met Wogan at a bookstore signing in Dublin, surprising the latter who expected the pair to be significantly older.

**Citations**

**Sources**


title: Robert Redlich

abstract: Robert Frank Redlich was the commissioner of the Victorian Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission (IBAC) (2018-2022) and is a former judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria's Court of Appeal. Justice Redlich was appointed to the trial division of the Supreme Court in 2002 and was elevated to the Court of Appeal in 2006. On 1 January 2018, Justice Redlich commenced a five-year term as Commissioner of the Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission.

text:
# Robert Redlich

**Robert Frank Redlich** AM, KC (born 3 March 1946) was the commissioner of the Victorian Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission (IBAC) (2018-2022) and is a former judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria's Court of Appeal.

Justice Redlich was appointed to the trial division of the Supreme Court in 2002 and was elevated to the Court of Appeal in 2006.

On 1 January 2018, Justice Redlich commenced a five-year term as Commissioner of the Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission.

## InfoBox

| The HonourableRobert RedlichAM, KC | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Commissioner of the Victorian Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
1 January 2018 (2018-01-01) | |
| Judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria | |
| **In office**
11 November 2002  3 March 2016 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1946-03-03) 3 March 1946 |
| Nationality | Australian |
|  | |