title: Seki language

abstract:
Seki, also Baseke, Sheke or Sekiana, is a language indigenous to Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. It had been spoken in villages of Rio Campo and Northern Bata, along the coast, but its native speakers have begun abandoning the language for Spanish, Fang, and Kombe.
Can be related to Kako spoken in the East region of Cameroon and some parts of the west of Central African Republic.

text:
# Seki language

**Seki**, also **Baseke**, **Sheke** or **Sekiana**, is a language indigenous to Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. It had been spoken in villages of Rio Campo and Northern Bata, along the coast, but its native speakers have begun abandoning the language for Spanish, Fang, and Kombe. Can be related to Kako spoken in the East region of Cameroon and some parts of the west of Central African Republic.

## Phonology

### Consonants

|  | | Labial | Alveolar | Post-alv./
Palatal | Velar | Labio-
velar |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nasal | |  |  |  | () |  |
| Plosive/
Affricate | voiceless |  |  | t͡ʃ |  |  |
| | voiced |  |  | (d͡ʒ) |  |  |
| | prenasal vl. | ᵐp | ⁿt | ⁿt͡ʃ | ᵑk |  |
| | prenasal vd. | ᵐb | ⁿd | ⁿd͡ʒ | ᵑɡ | ᵑɡ͡b |
| Fricative | voiceless |  |  |  |  |  |
| | voiced |  | () |  |  |  |
| Rhotic | |  |  |  |  |  |
| Approximant | |  |  |  |  |  |

* /z, d͡ʒ/ only rarely occur phonemically.
* /ɡ/ may be lenited as \[ɣ\] in intervocalic positions.
* /ᵑɡ/ can be heard as a nasal \[ŋ\] when in word-final position, or when followed by /l/.

### Vowels

|  | Front | Central | Back |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Close |  |  |  |
| Close-mid |  |  |  |
| Open-mid |  |  |  |
| Open |  |  |  |

*

## InfoBox

| Seki | |
| --- | --- |
| Sekiyani | |
| Native to | Equatorial Guinea, Gabon |
| Native speakers | 12,000 (2001-2007) |
| Language family | Niger–Congo? |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | `syi` |
| *Glottolog* | `seki1238` |
| Guthrie code | `B.21` |
| ELP | Seki |
|  | |


title: Seiko SA

abstract: Seiko Sports Association were one of the most popular and successful football teams in the history of football in Hong Kong. The team withdrew from the Hong Kong First Division League after the 1985–86 season.

text:
# Seiko SA

**Seiko Sports Association** (Chinese: 精工體育會) were one of the most popular and successful football teams in the history of football in Hong Kong. The team withdrew from the Hong Kong First Division League after the 1985–86 season.

## History

Seiko was a team sponsored and named by the agents of Seiko Corporation who entered the team into the Hong Kong Third Division in 1970. They finished runners up in the Third Division (B) League with a record of 26 wins, 1 draw and 1 loss from 28 matches and won promotion into the Second Division in the following season. In 1971–72, the team captured the league title immediately after its promotion with a record of 21 wins, 1 draw, 2 losses and were thus promoted to the Hong Kong First Division for the first time. Led by four time Hong Kong Footballer of the Year Wu Kwok Hung, the team then stayed in the top flight for 14 consecutive years until they folded in 1986, following significant declines in crowd attendance.

## Honours

Throughout the 14 years in the Hong Kong First Division League, Seiko captured 29 Hong Kong football trophies, which included 9 times League champion, 8 times Hong Kong Senior Shield, 6 times Hong Kong Viceroy Cup and 6 times Hong Kong FA Cup. Its reserve team also captured 2 times reserve league champion.

In 1986, Asian Champions Cup (now AFC Champions League) was re-introduced after its suspension after 1971. Seiko represented Hong Kong for the competition. In the qualifying round, Seiko beat Liaoning FC from China and April 25 Sports Club from North Korea and qualified for the main round. However, the rules set by competition host Saudi Arabia were too harsh and Seiko thereforely withdrew from the competition.

### Domestic

## Former coaches

## League results

| Season | Position | Matches | Win | Draw | Loss | Goal For | Goal
Against | Goal
Difference | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1972–73 | **Champion** | 26 | 18 | 4 | 4 | 71 | 35 | 36 | 40 |
| 1973–74 | 2nd | 26 | 17 | 4 | 5 | 75 | 36 | 39 | 38 |
| 1974–75 | **Champion** | 24 | 15 | 5 | 4 | 54 | 21 | 33 | 35 |
| 1975–76 | 2nd | 22 | 13 | 4 | 5 | 46 | 22 | 24 | 30 |
| 1976–77 | 2nd | 22 | 13 | 8 | 1 | 44 | 23 | 21 | 34 |
| 1977–78 | 4th | 22 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 41 | 27 | 14 | 25 |
| 1978–79 | **Champion** | 22 | 19 | 3 | 0 | 60 | 14 | 46 | 41 |
| 1979–80 | **Champion** | 22 | 18 | 3 | 1 | 58 | 15 | 43 | 39 |
| 1980–81 | **Champion** | 20 | 13 | 5 | 2 | 46 | 12 | 34 | 31 |
| 1981–82 | **Champion** | 20 | 15 | 4 | 1 | 45 | 15 | 30 | 34 |
| 1982–83 | **Champion** | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 31 | 13 | 18 | 28 |
| 1983–84 | **Champion** | 16 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 40 | 19 | 21 | 25 |
| 1984–85 | **Champion** | 16 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 37 | 12 | 25 | 27 |
| 1985–86 | 4th | 18 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 35 | 23 | 12 | 21 |

## Trivia

* 香港足球總會九十週年紀念特刊

1. https://amp.scmp.com/sport/hong-kong/article/3093206/fifty-years-hong-kong-football-club-seiko-still-beacon-excellence
2. Hongkong – List of Champions and Runners-up. RSSSF.
3. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing – Season 1972/1973 (FINAL)
4. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing – 1973/1974 Season (FINAL)
5. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing: up to and including 30 May 1975
6. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing – 1975/76 Season (FINAL)
7. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing: 1976/77 Season (Final)
8. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing 1977/78 Season (Final)
9. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing: up to and including 3 June 1980
10. www.GoalGoalGoal.com 81–82
11. www.GoalGoalGoal.com HKFA League Standing for the 1985/86 season (final)

## InfoBox

Seiko
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Seiko Sports Association |
| Founded | 1970 |
| Dissolved | 1986 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Semra Özal

abstract: Semra Özal was the 8th first lady of Turkey as the spouse of the 8th President of Turkey Turgut Özal. She was also the second lady of Turkey during her husband's prime ministry from 1983 to 1989. The couple has three children: Ahmet Özal, Zeynep Özal and Efe Özal. During the government of the Motherland Party (ANAP), she presided the Turkish Women Empowerment and Promotion Foundation, also known as the "Daisies" (Papatyalar). From 1991 to 1992, she was the head of the provincial organization of the Motherland Party (ANAP) in Istanbul. Her husband Turgut Özal died in 1993 while in office. Semra Özal lives in Istanbul.

text:
# Semra Özal

**Semra Özal** (*née* **Yeğinmen**; born 12 January 1934) was the 8th first lady of Turkey as the spouse of the 8th President of Turkey Turgut Özal. She was also the second lady of Turkey during her husband's prime ministry from 1983 to 1989. The couple has three children: Ahmet Özal (born 1955), Zeynep Özal (born 1956) and Efe Özal (born 1967). During the government of the Motherland Party (ANAP), she presided the Turkish Women Empowerment and Promotion Foundation, also known as the "Daisies" (Papatyalar). From 1991 to 1992, she was the head of the provincial organization of the Motherland Party (ANAP) in Istanbul. Her husband Turgut Özal died in 1993 while in office. Semra Özal lives in Istanbul.

## InfoBox

| Semra Özal | |
| --- | --- |
| Semra Özal as First Lady of Turkey | |
|  | |
| First Lady of Turkey | |
| **In role**
9 November 1989  17 April 1993 | |
| President | Turgut Özal |
| Preceded by | Sekine Evren |
| Succeeded by | Nazmiye Demirel |
| Provincial President of the Motherland Party in Istanbul | |
| **In office**
1991–1992 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Semra Yeğinmen
(1934-01-12) 12 January 1934
Istanbul, Turkey |
| Spouse | Turgut Özal  (m. 1954; died 1993) |
| Children | Ahmet Özal
Zeynep Özal
Efe Özal |
|  | |


title: Semra Yetiş

abstract: Semra Yetiş is a Turkish road cyclist and mountain biker. She competed between 2007 and 2009 for the first Turkish UCI mountain biking team Goldcity Alanya. Following the dissolution of the team in early 2009, she went to Germany to ride on Koga Miyata Team for one season. Returned home, she signed for MKE Ankaragücü racing in 2010. In 2011, Yetiş was with Istanbulspor and in 2012 with Brisaspor, Kocaeli. From the 2013 season, she competed for Ankara Gençlik Hizmetleri SK. Semra Yetiş became the first ever Turkish female cyclist qualifying for participation at the 2009 UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race held in Mendrisio, Switzerland.

text:
# Semra Yetiş

**Semra Yetiş** (born October 1, 1987) is a Turkish road cyclist and mountain biker.

She competed between 2007 and 2009 for the first Turkish UCI mountain biking team Goldcity Alanya (*UCI team code:* **GCA**). Following the dissolution of the team in early 2009, she went to Germany to ride on Koga Miyata Team for one season. Returned home, she signed for MKE Ankaragücü racing in 2010. In 2011, Yetiş was with Istanbulspor and in 2012 with Brisaspor, Kocaeli. From the 2013 season, she competed for Ankara Gençlik Hizmetleri SK.

Semra Yetiş became the first ever Turkish female cyclist qualifying for participation at the 2009 UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race held in Mendrisio, Switzerland.

## Major results

Sources:

### Mountain biking

2006 1st  Cross-country marathon, National Mountain Bike Championships 2007 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2nd Gaziantep Mountainbike, Gaziantep 2nd Polonez Adampol Cup, Istanbul 2nd Cross-country, Kartepe Cup, Kocaeli 2nd Cross-country, İzmir Cup, İzmir 2nd Cross-country, Yalova Aksa Cup, Yalova 3rd Ankara MTB Cup, Ankara 2008 1st  Cross-country, Balkan Mountain Bike Championships 1st  Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 1st Gaziantep Mountainbike 1st Gaziantep Mountainbike (b) 2nd Alaçatı-İzmir Mountainbike 2nd Tuzla, Mountainbike 3rd Finike/Antalya Mountainbike 3rd Goreme/Nevsehir Mountainbike 2010 1st Adana MTB Cup 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2011 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2012 1st  Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2013 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2014 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2015 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2016 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2017 3rd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2021 2nd Cross-country, National Mountain Bike Championships 2022 National Mountain Bike Championships 2nd Cross-country 2nd Cross-country eliminator

### Road

2008 National Road Championships 1st  Road race 2nd Time trial 2009 3rd Time trial, National Road Championships 2012 National Road Championships 1st  Road race 2nd Time trial 2013 1st  Time trial, National Road Championships 2014 National Road Championships 1st  Road race 1st  Time trial 2015 National Road Championships 2nd Road race 3rd Time trial

## InfoBox

Semra Yetiş
| Semra Yetiş during the 2009 UCI Road World Championships in Mendrisio, Switzerland. | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1987-10-01) October 1, 1987<br>Çankırı, Turkey |
| Height | 169 cm (5 ft 7 in) |
| Weight | 58 kg (128 lb) |
| Team information | |
| Disciplines |  |
| Role | Rider |
| Amateur teams | |
| 2009–2010 | Koga Miyata |
| 2011–2012 | Istanbulspor |
| 2012–2013 | Brisaspor |
| 2013–2014 | Ankara Gençlik Hizmetleri SK |
| 2015 | Karaman GSK |
| 2019 | Bariş Cycling Academy |
|  | |
| Professional teams | |
| 2007–2009 | Goldcity Alanya |
| 2010–2011 | MKE Ankaragücü |
|  | |


title: Semra Kebede

abstract: Semra Kebede is an Ethiopian beauty pageant titleholder, model, and actress, who was crowned Miss Ethiopia USA and later Deputy Miss Africa USA.

text:
# Semra Kebede

**Semra Kebede** is an Ethiopian beauty pageant titleholder, model, and actress, who was crowned Miss Ethiopia USA and later Deputy Miss Africa USA .

## Titles

Semra was crowned Miss Ethiopia USA at the official Miss Ethiopia USA pageant. This win qualified her to compete and represent her country of Ethiopia in the Miss Africa USA pageant and she later was crowned Deputy Miss Africa USA

## Modeling

Semra has participated in fashion shows for designers such as the Ethiopian musician and designer Chachi Tadesse and Ras Judah designer Rozy Negusie. She has also appeared in print for the later designer as well as for other Ethiopian beauty products.

## InfoBox

| Semra Kebede | |
| --- | --- |
| Kebede at Miss Africa USA Pageant | |
| Born | Semra Kebede<br>Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| Nationality | Ethiopian |
| Education | Economics, Emory University |
| Alma mater | Emory University |
| Occupation(s) | beauty pageant titleholder, model, and actress |


abstract:
"Send Me a Line When I'm Across the Ocean" is a World War I era song first released in 1917. Irving Crocker wrote the lyrics. George L. Cobb composed the music. It was written for both voice and piano. Walter Jacobs of Boston, Massachusetts published the song. The cover was designed by Rose Starmer. On the cover is a watercolor painting of an ocean with ships in the background. In the foreground is an envelope addressed: "Private Good-boy; Rainbow Division; Somewhere in France." The song is told from the point of view of a soldier leaving for war. He gives instructions to those waiting for him at home: to write to him in order to keep his spirits up. The chorus is as follows:
  - Send me a line when I'm across the ocean
  - Send me a line to show me your devotion
  - A letter nice and long
  - As sweet as any song
  - To tell me that you'll remember
  - Ev'ry promise while I'm gone
  - Write me a word about my dear old mother
  - I know I'll miss her more than I can say
  - So while I'm over the sea
  - Just show your love for me
  - By sending a line to me each day The sheet music can be found at Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

text:
# Send Me a Line When I'm Across the Ocean

**"Send Me a Line When I'm Across the Ocean"** is a World War I era song first released in 1917. Irving Crocker wrote the lyrics. George L. Cobb composed the music. It was written for both voice and piano. Walter Jacobs of Boston, Massachusetts published the song. The cover was designed by Rose Starmer. On the cover is a watercolor painting of an ocean with ships in the background. In the foreground is an envelope addressed: "Private Good-boy; Rainbow Division; Somewhere in France."

The song is told from the point of view of a soldier leaving for war. He gives instructions to those waiting for him at home: to write to him in order to keep his spirits up. The chorus is as follows:

*Send me a line when I'm across the ocean* *Send me a line to show me your devotion* *A letter nice and long* *As sweet as any song* *To tell me that you'll remember* *Ev'ry promise while I'm gone* *Write me a word about my dear old mother* *I know I'll miss her more than I can say* *So while I'm over the sea* *Just show your love for me* *By sending a line to me each day*

The sheet music can be found at Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

## InfoBox

| "Send Me a Line When I'm Across the Ocean" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Song | |
| Released | 1917 |
| Label | Walter Jacobs |
| Songwriter(s) | Composer: George L. Cobb <br>Lyricist: Irving Crocker |


title: Send Me a Lover

abstract: "Send Me a Lover" is a song by American singer-songwriter and actress Taylor Dayne. It was written by Rick Hahn and George Thatcher, and released on September 6, 1993 by Arista Records, as the second single from her third album, Soul Dancing (1993). In the United States, it peaked at numbers 50 and 44 on the Billboard Hot 100 and Cash Box Top 100, and number 19 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks. In Canada, "Send Me a Lover" reached number 24 on the Top Singles chart and number eight on the Adult Contemporary chart. The song was originally recorded by Canadian singer Celine Dion in 1992, but her version remained unreleased until 1994.

text:
# Send Me a Lover

"**Send Me a Lover**" is a song by American singer-songwriter and actress Taylor Dayne. It was written by Rick Hahn and George Thatcher, and released on September 6, 1993 by Arista Records, as the second single from her third album, *Soul Dancing* (1993). In the United States, it peaked at numbers 50 and 44 on the *Billboard* Hot 100 and *Cash Box* Top 100, and number 19 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks. In Canada, "Send Me a Lover" reached number 24 on the Top Singles chart and number eight on the Adult Contemporary chart. The song was originally recorded by Canadian singer Celine Dion in 1992, but her version remained unreleased until 1994.

## Critical reception

Jose F. Promis from AllMusic felt that the song "stands as one of Dayne's finest moments". Larry Flick from *Billboard* declared it as "a heartbroken power ballad that will connect with anyone who has suffered from unrequited love. Bombastic production builds from soft to earth-shaking in the blink of an eye, and Taylor matches the arrangement with a performance that might shatter a glass or two. A better radio bet than the previous 'Can't Get Enough of Your Love'." Mike Joyce from *The Washington Post* stated that one listen to ballads like "Send Me a Lover", "with stirring choruses, modulations, and melismatic twists, is enough to convince you that Dayne knows the ins and outs of the idiom."

## Track listing

* **US CD maxi-single**

1. "Send Me a Lover" – 4:28
2. "With Every Beat of My Heart" – 4:22
3. "Love Will Lead You Back" – 4:37
4. "If You Were Mine" – 5:01
5. "Someone Like You" – 3:50

## Charts

| Chart (1993) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 42 |
| Canada Top Singles (*RPM*) | 24 |
| Canada Adult Contemporary (*RPM*) | 8 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100 Tip) | 15 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 50 |
| US Adult Contemporary (*Billboard*) | 19 |
| US *Cash Box* Top 100 | 44 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United States | September 6, 1993 | * 7-inch vinyl * CD * cassette | Arista |  |
| Japan | October 21, 1993 | | Mini-CD |  |

## Celine Dion version

| "Send Me a Lover" | |
| --- | --- |
| Song by Celine Dion | |
| from the album  *Kumbaya Album Nineteen Ninety Four* | |
| Released | 1994 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Length | 4:31 |
| Label | Sony |
| Songwriter(s) | * Richard Hahn * George Thatcher |
| Producer(s) | Humberto Gatica |

Canadian singer Celine Dion recorded "Send Me a Lover" in 1992, but her version remained unreleased until 1994. The song was recorded during the *Celine Dion* album sessions, and produced by Humberto Gatica.

### Background and release

Dion's recording, with heavily revised verses and slightly altered chorus lyrics, was offered to various benefit collections, mostly for women's causes. First it was released on the *Kumbaya Album Nineteen Ninety Four* (1994). All proceeds from this CD went to support AIDS awareness and services. It also appeared on the *In Between Dances* (1995) (of which profits were given to research on breast cancer), *The Power of Peace* (1996) (to celebrate the 50 years of CARA), and *Women for Women, Vol. 2* (1996) (another album to get funds for the research on breast cancer). "Send Me a Lover" was played on the adult contemporary radio since September 1996, as an album cut from *The Power of Peace*, without an official single release.

### Commercial performance

"Send Me a Lover" entered the US *Radio & Records*'s Adult Contemporary chart in November 1996 and peaked at number 16 in January 1997. It also entered the *Billboard'*s Adult Contemporary chart in January 1997 and peaked at number 23 in the same month.

### Critical reception

Larry Flick from *Billboard* wrote, "Here's a wonderful song that Dion has contributed to *The Power of Peace*, a fine 13-track compilation designed to raise money for CARE. Sharp ears will remember Taylor Dayne's hit version of this forlorn power ballad, which Dion dives into with white-knuckled power. AC listeners who cannot get enough of the Canadian diva will feast on this treat".

### Charts

## InfoBox

| "Send Me a Lover" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Taylor Dayne | |
| from the album  *Soul Dancing* | |
| Released | September 6, 1993 (1993-09-06) |
| Genre | Pop |
| Length | 4:28 |
| Label | Arista |
| Songwriter(s) | * Richard Hahn * George Thatcher |
| Producer(s) | Humberto Gatica |
| Taylor Dayne singles chronology | |
| "Can't Get Enough of Your Love"
(1993) "**Send Me a Lover**"
(1993) "I'll Wait"
(1994) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Send Me a Lover" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Pirates World

abstract: Pirates World was a 100-acre (40 ha) pirate-themed amusement park in Dania, Florida, that opened April 8, 1967. Developed by Recreation Corporation of America, it was located on the north side of Sheridan Street between U.S. Route 1 and A1A. With the opening of Walt Disney World in 1971, attendance dropped drastically, and the park was closed in 1973.

text:
# Pirates World

**Pirates World** was a 100-acre (40 ha) pirate-themed amusement park in Dania, Florida, that opened April 8, 1967. Developed by Recreation Corporation of America, it was located on the north side of Sheridan Street between U.S. Route 1 and A1A. With the opening of Walt Disney World in 1971, attendance dropped drastically, and the park was closed in 1973.

## History

Pirates World was successful in its early years, but in 1971 Walt Disney World opened in Florida, which took much business away from the theme park. In 1973, it became bankrupt and closed (though some sources list the park as having closed in 1975). Norman Kaufman, a venturing carnival rides owner back in Coney Island, bought some of the steeplechase's fiberglass horses and eventually gave one of them to the "Coney Island, USA" museum more than 20 years later. The fate of the others is unknown.

In 1978, a biblical theme park was to have been developed on the site, but those plans fell through. The land was sold, zoned residential and condominiums were built over the last traces of the park.

## Attractions

The park featured "The Crow's Nest" observation tower, which had originally been the Belgian Aerial Tower at the 1964 New York World's Fair. This structure was bought secondhand after the fair and transported to the site, where it was re-erected. It consisted of a central post from which were suspended four metal cages by cables, designed to carry several standing passengers. To balance the structure, two cages would be in the air while two were being loaded on the ground, and the cages would be raised and lowered simultaneously.

Another feature was the pirate ship ride - an actual life-sized pirate ship. The ship, piloted by park personnel, cruised along a "river" through a barrage of cannon fire and "enemy" pirates shooting at the ship, while the pirates that were aboard the ship were firing back at them, protecting their passengers from harm.

There were amusement park games owned and run by Cindy and Joe Dickman, along with a petting zoo and seal pond. Members of the Miami Dolphins played the Football Toss, and there was also a shooting gallery. The games at Pirates World were a High striker, Tip the Cats, Tic Tac Toe, ring toss, Football Toss, Can Can and a Watergun game. The petting zoo had an elephant (by 1972, there were deer instead, as the elephant had grown too large for the enclosure) and a seal pond where one could feed fish to the seals.

Also at Pirates World was the "Grand National Steeplechase," which was originally from Coney Island, along with "Wild Beetle Race," a Wild mouse roller coaster, a log flume (also bought second-hand from the New York World Fair) and various carnival flat rides, including a paratrooper, a sky ride, some carny games, a skee-ball arcade and spiral slides.

## Rock music concerts

Pirates World was the venue for several rock music concerts, playing host to such artists as The Jeff Beck Group (1969), Led Zeppelin (1969), Iron Butterfly (1970), Faces (1970, 1971), Grateful Dead (1970), Traffic (1970), Black Sabbath (1971), Blood, Sweat & Tears (1971), Deep Purple (1971), Jethro Tull (1971), Grand Funk Railroad (1971), Steve Miller Band (1971), The Guess Who (1971), The Moody Blues (1971), Emerson, Lake & Palmer (1971), Three Dog Night (1971), Manassas (1972), David Bowie (1972), The Doors (1972), Wishbone Ash (1973), Alice Cooper (1973), Frank Zappa (1973), The Beach Boys (1973), and Steely Dan (1974). The Johnny Winter album *Live Johnny Winter And* (1971) was partly recorded at Pirates World in fall 1970. It was not uncommon for crowd control problems to break out at some of these concerts. In March 1971, police clashed with concert goers at a Grand Funk Railroad concert. Eleven people were arrested and two policemen were injured.

## Films

Over the years, several film and television programs were also filmed on the site, including *Jack and the Beanstalk* (1970), *Thumbelina* (1970), *Musical Mutiny* (1970) and *Santa and the Ice Cream Bunny* (1972).

## Legacy

RiffTrax, consisting of *Mystery Science Theater 3000* alumni Bill Corbett, Kevin Murphy and Michael J. Nelson, spoofed *Santa and the Ice Cream Bunny*, both the *Thumbelina* and *Jack and the Beanstalk* versions of the film. It is considered one of their popular titles.

26°02′N 80°08′W / 26.04°N 80.13°W / 26.04; -80.13

## InfoBox

Pirates World
| Sky trail amusement ride at Pirates World, 1967 | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Dania, Florida, United States |
| Status | Defunct |
| Opened | 1967 |
| Closed | 1973 |
| Owner | Recreation Corporation of America |
| Area | 78 acres (32 ha) |
| Attractions | |
| Total | 15+ |
| Roller coasters | 2 |
| Water rides | 2 (log flume & pirate ship) |


title: The Nude Restaurant

abstract: The Nude Restaurant, also billed as Nude Restaurant, is a 1967 feature-length underground film directed by Andy Warhol, and starring Viva, Louis Waldon, Taylor Mead, Billy Name, Allen Midgette, and Rolando Peña. Different versions of the film exist, with one being an all-male, all-nude cast, and the other with all actors in G-strings. It was filmed in one day at the Mad Hatter Restaurant in Manhattan in October 1967.

text:
# The Nude Restaurant

***The Nude Restaurant***, also billed as ***Nude Restaurant***, is a 1967 feature-length underground film directed by Andy Warhol, and starring Viva, Louis Waldon, Taylor Mead, Billy Name, Allen Midgette, and Rolando Peña. Different versions of the film exist, with one being an all-male, all-nude cast, and the other with all actors in G-strings. It was filmed in one day at the Mad Hatter Restaurant in Manhattan in October 1967.

## Plot synopsis

At The Mad Hatter, a New York City restaurant located on the corner of Bleecker Street and Seventh Avenue South and owned by brothers Rob Pinon and Ron Pinon, the patrons are men, nude but for a G-string, waited on by one woman, also clad in a G-string (Viva) and waiters (Midgette and Peña). Some of the "nude" patrons leave the establishment, their places taken by new customers, also nearly in the buff.

There are numerous in-camera jump cuts (known as 'strobe cuts') and the camera weaves around a bit. The waiter and waitress move from table to table, talking to the customers. Taylor Mead sits smirking at the fountain, where eventually he partakes in a long conversation with Viva about her Catholic childhood. Mead also feigns interest in discussing the Vietnam War with an AWOL soldier (Julian Burroughs).

Viva, the waitress if not the actual person, seemingly is obsessed with the subject of lascivious priests. There is more strobe cutting, and at one point, Viva turns to the camera and asks that it be turned off. The camera is turned off, and after an interlude, is turned back on again, after which Viva continues with her monologue.

## InfoBox

| The Nude Restaurant | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Andy Warhol |
| Produced by | Andy Warhol |
| Starring | Viva
Louis Waldon
Billy Name
Taylor Mead
Joe Campbell
Allen Midgette
Rolando Peña
Electrah
Rod LaRod
Ingrid Superstar
Julian Burroughs |
| Production
company | Andy Warhol Films |
| Distributed by | The Factory
Film-makers' Cooperative |
| Release date | * 13 November 1967 (1967-11-13) (NYC) |
| Running time | 95 minutes
100 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Plastic bans

abstract: Plastic bans are laws that prohibit the use of polymers manufactured from petroleum or other fossil fuels, given the pollution and threat to biodiversity that they cause. A growing number of countries have instituted plastic bag bans, and a ban on single-use plastic, and are looking to spread bans to all plastic packaging, plastic clothing (such as polyester and acrylic fiber, or any other form of unnecessary plastic that could be replaced with an easily biodegradeable, non-fossil-fuel or non-polluting alternative. Plastics biodegrade over a long period of time, and may not biodegrade fully leaving traces of microplastics, ranging from 450 years for a PET plastic bottle to thousands "never" for polypropylene-based products, including food containers.

text:
# Plastic bans

**Plastic bans** are laws that prohibit the use of polymers manufactured from petroleum or other fossil fuels, given the pollution and threat to biodiversity that they cause. A growing number of countries have instituted plastic bag bans, and a ban on single-use plastic (such as throw-away forks or plates), and are looking to spread bans to all plastic packaging, plastic clothing (such as polyester and acrylic fiber, or any other form of unnecessary plastic that could be replaced with an easily biodegradeable, non-fossil-fuel or non-polluting alternative. Plastics biodegrade over a long period of time, and may not biodegrade fully (so that they are absorbed into the ecosystemic) leaving traces of microplastics, ranging from 450 years for a PET plastic bottle (type 1) to thousands "never" for polypropylene-based products, including food containers (type 5).

## Plastic bag bans

## Single-use plastic bans

The European Union Plastic Products Directive 2019 banned single-use plastic plates, cutlery, straws, balloon sticks and cotton buds; cups, food and beverage containers made of expanded polystyrene, and all products made of oxo-degradable plastic, and to fishing gear containing plastic. The fuller list of plastics banned are listed in the Annex to the Directive.

From October 2023, the UK government has banned "single-use plastics" in England, which are defined to include a range of products, but does not include "shelf-ready pre-packaged food items" found in most supermarkets.

China has a phased-in program of plastic bans from 2020 to 2025 on products from bags, to straws, to cutlery, to certain packaging, to items in hotels.

As of May 2024, 12 states in the United States (California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont and Washington) have banned single-use plastic bags.

In Nigeria, reports shows that over 60 million plastic sachets are used and disposed daily, and only about 12% is recycled. The potential hazards from these reports has prompted the ban of single use plastics in Nigeria from 2025.

## Plastic packaging and clothing bans

There have been broader calls for bans on use of plastics in all packaging, particularly in supermarkets and products, and in clothing.


title: List of light sources

abstract: This is a list of sources of light, the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Light sources produce photons from another energy source, such as heat, chemical reactions, or conversion of mass or a different frequency of electromagnetic energy, and include light bulbs and stars like the Sun. Reflectors do not actually produce the light that comes from them.

text:
# List of light sources

This is a **list of sources of light**, the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Light sources produce photons from another energy source, such as heat, chemical reactions, or conversion of mass or a different frequency of electromagnetic energy, and include light bulbs and stars like the Sun. Reflectors (such as the moon, cat's eyes, and mirrors) do not actually produce the light that comes from them.

## Incandescence

Incandescence is the emission of light from a hot body as a result of its temperature.

### Combustion

#### Lamps

* Argand lamp – Type of oil lamp (obsolete)
* Carbide lamp – Acetylene-burning lamps
* Coleman lantern – Series of pressure lamps
* Betty lamp – Oil or grease burning lamp originating from Europe (error)
* Butter lamp – Lamps traditionally burning clarified yak butter
* Flash-lamp – Electrically ignited photographic light source
* Gas lighting – Type of artificial light
* Gas mantle – Device for generating bright light when heated by a flame
* Kerosene lamp – Type of lighting device that uses kerosene as a fuel
* Lantern – Portable lighting devices
* Limelight – Type of stage lighting once used in theatres and music halls (obsolete)
* Oil lamp – Lamp used for lighting by burning oil
* Tilley lamp – Pressurized kerosene lamps made by the Tilley company in the UK

#### Other

* Argon flash – Single-use source of very short and extremely bright flash of light \- shock wave
* Brazier – Container used to burn charcoal or other solid fuel
* Bunsen burner – Laboratory device used to make fire from fuel and oxidizer gases
* Candle – Wick embedded in solid flammable substance
* Ember – A hot lump of slowly burning solid fuel, usually associated with a fire
* Explosive – Substance that can explode
* Fire – Rapid and hot oxidation of a material
* Fire whirl – Whirlwind induced by and often composed of fire
* Fireworks – Low explosive pyrotechnic devices for entertainment
* Flamethrower – Ranged incendiary device designed to project a controllable stream of fire
* Incandescent light bulb – Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament
* Muzzle flash – Light created by gunfire
* Rubens tube – Physics apparatus for demonstrating acoustic standing waves in a tube
* Torch – Stick with a flaming end used as a source of light

### Nuclear and high-energy particle

### Celestial and atmospheric

## Luminescence

Luminescence is emission of light by a substance not resulting from heat.

### Bioluminescence

Bioluminescence is light resulting from biochemical reaction by a living organism.

### Cathodoluminescence

Cathodoluminescence is light resulting from a luminescent material being struck by electrons.

### Chemiluminescence

Chemiluminescence is light resulting from a chemical reaction.

### Cryoluminescence

Cryoluminescence is the emission of light when an object is cooled.

### Crystalloluminescence

Crystalloluminescence is light produced during crystallization.

### Electric discharge (electrical energy)

### Electrochemiluminescence

Electrochemiluminescence is light resulting from an electrochemical reaction.

### Electroluminescence

Electroluminescence is light resulting from an electric current being passed through a substance.

### Mechanoluminescence

Mechanoluminescence is light resulting from a mechanical action on a solid.

* Triboluminescence, light generated when bonds in a material are broken when that material is scratched, crushed, or rubbed
* Fractoluminescence, light generated when bonds in certain crystals are broken by fractures
* Piezoluminescence, light produced by the action of pressure on certain solids
* Sonoluminescence, light resulting from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound

### Photoluminescence

Photoluminescence is light resulting from absorption of photons.

* Fluorescence, the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation
* Phosphorescence, the delayed re-emission of light by substance that has absorbed it

### Radioluminescence

Radioluminescence is light resulting from bombardment by ionizing radiation.

### Thermoluminescence

Thermoluminescence is light from the re-emission of absorbed energy when a substance is heated.

/https://www.britannica.com\*/


title: Philip S. Crooke

abstract: Philip Schuyler Crooke was a United States representative from New York. Born in Poughkeepsie, he graduated from Dutchess Academy, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice in Brooklyn. He moved to Flatbush in 1838 and was a member of the Board of Supervisors of Kings County from 1844 to 1852, and from 1858 to 1870, and chairman of the board in 1861, 1862, 1864 and 1865. He was a presidential elector in 1852, voting for Franklin Pierce and William R. King; and was a Republican Union member of the New York State Assembly in 1864.

text:
# Philip S. Crooke

**Philip Schuyler Crooke** (March 2, 1810  March 17, 1881) was a United States representative from New York.

Born in Poughkeepsie, he graduated from Dutchess Academy, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice in Brooklyn. He moved to Flatbush in 1838 and was a member of the Board of Supervisors of Kings County from 1844 to 1852, and from 1858 to 1870, and chairman of the board in 1861, 1862, 1864 and 1865. He was a presidential elector in 1852, voting for Franklin Pierce and William R. King; and was a Republican Union member of the New York State Assembly (Kings Co., 1st D.) in 1864.

## Military service

He served forty years in the National Guard of the State of New York, from private to brigadier general.

During the Civil War, Crooke commanded the Fifth Brigade, National Guard. He led his force into Pennsylvania in June and July 1863 during the "Emergency of 1863". Crooke's troops served on the Department of the Susquehanna under Maj. Gen. Darius Couch, and helped man the defenses of Harrisburg against a threatened attack by Confederates under Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell. When the Confederates retired to Virginia following the Battle of Gettysburg, Crooke and his men returned to New York for the duration of the war.

## Residence

Crooke lived in the historic Jans Martense Schenck house in the Flatlands section of Brooklyn. The house was inherited by his wife. The house came to be known as the "Martense-Crooke house". The original 2 room portion of the home was rebuilt in the Brooklyn Museum.

## Congress

Crooke was elected as a Republican to the 43rd United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1875. Afterwards he resumed the practice of law. He died in Flatbush; interment was in Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn.

* United States Congress. "Philip S. Crooke (id: C000927)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.

## InfoBox

| Philip S. Crooke | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 4th district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1873  March 3, 1875 | |
| Preceded by | Robert Roosevelt |
| Succeeded by | Archibald M. Bliss |
| Member of the New York State Assembly
from the 1st district | |
| **In office**
1864 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Philip Schuyler Crooke
(1810-03-02)March 2, 1810
Poughkeepsie, New York |
| Died | March 17, 1881(1881-03-17) (aged 71)
Flatbush, Brooklyn, New York |
| Political party | Republican |
| Occupation | Lawyer |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | New York |
| Branch/service | National Guard of the State of New York |
| Rank | Brigadier general |
| Battles/wars | American Civil War |
|  | |


title: Philippe-Andre Moreau

abstract: Philippe-Andre Moreau is a Canadian former soccer player who played in the USL D-3 Pro League, and the Canadian Professional Soccer League.

text:
# Philippe-Andre Moreau

**Philippe-Andre Moreau** (born July 9, 1970) is a Canadian former soccer player who played in the USL D-3 Pro League, and the Canadian Professional Soccer League.

## Playing career

Moreau began his professional career in the USL D-3 Pro League in 1997 with Albany Alleycats. His tenure with Albany lasted for two seasons, where in both seasons the club failed to reach a postseason berth. With Aibany he was named the MVP for the 1998 season and was named player of the week on four occasions. In 1999, he signed a contract with the Seacoast United Phantoms. With the Phantoms he helped the organization reach the final of the national championship, and clinch the Northern division title. In 2001, he signed with the Montreal Dynamites in the Canadian Professional Soccer League.

## InfoBox

Philippe-Andre Moreau
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1970-07-09) July 9, 1970 | | |
| Place of birth | Anjou, Quebec | | |
| Position(s) | midfielder | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1997–1998 | Albany Alleycats | 20 | (0) |
| 1999–2000 | Seacoast United Phantoms |  |  |
| 2001 | Montreal Dynamites |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Phinda Dlamini

abstract: Phinda Dlamini is a Liswati international footballer who plays as a striker. As of February 2010, he plays for Green Mamba in the Swazi Premier League and has won 10 caps and scored one goal for his country.

text:
# Phinda Dlamini

**Phinda Dlamini** (born 8 November 1984) is a Liswati international footballer who plays as a striker. As of February 2010, he plays for Green Mamba in the Swazi Premier League and has won 10 caps and scored one goal for his country.

## International career

### International goals

*Scores and results list Eswatini's goal tally first.*

| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | 19 July 2008 | Witbank Stadium, Witbank, South Africa | Madagascar | **1**–0 | 1–1 | 2008 COSAFA Cup |
| 2. | 16 November 2014 | Somhlolo National Stadium, Lobamba, Eswatini | Tanzania | **1**–0 | 1–1 | Friendly |
| 3. | 19 October 2019 | National Heroes Stadium, Lusaka, Zambia | Zambia | **1**–2 | 2–2 | 2020 African Nations Championship qualification |

## InfoBox

Phinda Dlamini
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1984-11-08) 8 November 1984 | | |
| Place of birth | Manzini, Swaziland | | |
| Height | 1.82 m (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Striker | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2008–2011 | Green Mamba | 62 | (38) |
| International career | | | |
| 2008– | Swaziland | 27 | (3) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 19 October 2019 | | | |


abstract: "Phineas and Ferb: Summer Belongs to You!" is the 54th broadcast episode of the second season and the 101st broadcast episode overall of the animated television series Phineas and Ferb. It aired on Disney XD on August 2, 2010. It is the first one-hour special, and is longer than "Phineas and Ferb Christmas Vacation", which is 45 minutes long. This episode was first seen at San Diego Comic-Con on July 25, 2010.

text:
# Phineas and Ferb: Summer Belongs to You!

"**Phineas and Ferb: Summer Belongs to You!**" is the 54th broadcast episode of the second season and the 101st broadcast episode overall of the animated television series *Phineas and Ferb*. It aired on Disney XD on August 2, 2010. It is the first one-hour special, and is longer than "Phineas and Ferb Christmas Vacation", which is 45 minutes long. This episode was first seen at San Diego Comic-Con on July 25, 2010.

## Plot

Phineas feels bored after he and Ferb have accomplished much throughout the summer. For a taste of adventure, the duo and their friends decide to travel around the world at the same speed as the Earth's rotation, so as to make a complete 24-hour day, in an effort to create the "biggest, longest, funnest summer day of all time".

Meanwhile, Dr. Doofenshmirtz takes a trip to Tokyo with Vanessa. At first, Vanessa is amazed, but is later distraught to find out that her father has brought in a captured Major Monogram and has been making a plan to ruin the International Good Guy Convention with a giant water balloon and frame Monogram for it. She then accuses her father of always putting his work before her relationship with him, and decides to leave for Paris on her own. Around the same time, Perry the Platypus catches wind of Monogram's whereabouts after Carl warns him of a suspicious note sent to the O.W.C.A. (presumably sent by Doofenshmirtz).

In Tokyo, the gang meets with Stacy's cousins while getting vegetable oil used as fuel. While there, Vanessa joins with the group after being accidentally knocked off the Tokyo Tower by the giant balloon thanks to the intervention of Perry, who arrives at the tower as Agent P. Fearing for Vanessa's safety, Doof decides to abandon his plan and opts to rescue her, and Perry and Major Monogram are compelled to help him, so they travel aboard Agent P's platypus-shaped hovercar.

The group, along with Vanessa, then crashes on the Indian portion of the Himalayas, and their plane loses its wings. Phineas and the other kids go see Baljeet's grand-uncle Sabu, who runs a rubber band/rubber ball factory there. He sings "Rubber Bands" as he shows the kids around the factory. This gives them an idea: namely, to attach a bouncy rubber ball to the bottom of the plane so they could travel their way to Paris and back home. As they travel around the world in their newly-fixed way of transport, the song "Bouncin' Around The World" is heard.

In Paris, known to Isabella as "the city of love", Candace sees Jeremy with a bunch of boys and girls and leaves. Isabella is upset as Phineas is completely oblivious to her feelings for him, since what he cares about the most is getting the craft refixed. On the top of the Eiffel Tower, Ferb consults with a depressed Vanessa about her relationship with her father, telling her to try and meet him halfway in their relationship by socializing more. Ferb walks away for a moment; then Doofenshmirtz, Perry, and Major Monogram come to rescue her. Vanessa is initially upset at her father bringing 'work' again, but Doof complains of all the trouble and the help he needed from Perry and Monogram to travel halfway around the world to rescue Vanessa for her sake.

The group later leaves Paris, but the boat disintegrates leaving only the seats. They crash on a deserted island, which possesses only two palm trees and a big fat ox. Meanwhile, in Paris, Major Monogram and Perry arrest Doof, along with Vanessa, who stops them and goes away with her father in Perry's hovercraft. This leaves the platypus upset as he is left behind by Monogram, who has to "take in a review". Back on the isle, Phineas, after a desperate attempt to find a way off the island, finally gives up and sits down to watch the sunset with Isabella like she wants, but she encourages him and he gets the idea to use Ferb's giant map as a massive paper airplane. The group launch and ride the paper airplane back to Danville, where there is a huge ditch due to road construction, with their neighborhood at the other side. With one minute left, Buford gives everyone back their bikes, which he stole before the events of the episode. He never stole Candace's bike, so she had to ride a green tricycle; and the group is able to jump the pit using a makeshift ramp and arrive home with a second to spare. The parents arrive home too, but for once Candace says nothing as she enjoyed herself. As everyone sings "Summer Belongs to You", Jeremy comes home early and kisses Candace, calling her his girlfriend to her excitement. After the celebration, Phineas wonders where Perry might be, and the episode ends with an abandoned Perry at a restaurant in Paris.

## Production

According to co-director Robert F. Hughes, the special was initially conceived as a television movie, but due to story issues, it was reduced to an hour-long special. The proposed film eventually became *Phineas and Ferb The Movie: Across the 2nd Dimension*.

## Cultural references

During the song "City of Love", Phineas can briefly be seen standing in front of the famous French Cabaret, Moulin Rouge while holding a pinwheel, most likely envisioning the use of the windmill on top as a propeller.

During the song "J Pop (Welcome to Tokyo)", Stacy's relatives encourage Phineas and others to participate in a dance similar to the popular Swedish dance song Caramelldansen. In one part of the song, Isabella is seen waving a leek in her hand, similarly to Loituma Girl in the popular video known as "Leekspin" on YouTube.

In the end of the episode when they were stuck on the desert island, Phineas is seen digging up a yellow sponge and a pink starfish in the episode, as a reference to *SpongeBob SquarePants*.

## Reception

When the episode premiered on Disney Channel on August 6, 2010, it was seen by 3.862 million viewers, and earned a 5.0 rating in the Kids 2-11 demographic. It was the #1 program on that night and 25th for the week in viewership. When the episode premiered on Disney XD, the episode ranked in the channel's top 3 telecasts of the year in viewers with 1.32 million, and Boys 6–11 with 365,000, with a 2.9 rating. The telecast was the No. 2 telecast of all time on Disney XD in Total Viewers, in kids 6–14 with 677,000 and a 1.9 rating, Boys 6–14 with 435,000 and a 2.3 rating, kids 6–11 with 542,000 and a 2.2 rating, and in Boys 6–11 and Boys 9–14 with 235,000 and a 1.9 rating, behind only "Phineas and Ferb Christmas Vacation".

## InfoBox

| "**Phineas and Ferb: Summer Belongs to You!**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Phineas and Ferb* episode | |
|  | |
| Episode no. | Season 2
Episode 54 |
| Directed by | Robert F. Hughes
Dan Povenmire |
| Written by | Dan Povenmire
Jeff "Swampy" Marsh
Robert F. Hughes
Kyle Menke
Kim Roberson
Mike Diederich
Aliki Theofilopoulos Grafft
Antoine Guilbaud
Kaz
Joe Orrantia
Mike Roth
Perry Zombolas |
| Story by | Dan Povenmire
Jeff "Swampy" Marsh |
| Featured music | "I Believe We Can"
"J Pop (Welcome to Tokyo)"
"Rubber Bands"
"Bouncin' Around the World"
"City of Love"
"Summer Belongs to You"
"Follow the Sun"
"The Ballad of Klimpaloon" (only available on soundtrack) |
| Production code | 237–238 |
| Original air date | August 2, 2010 (2010-08-02) |
| Guest appearances | |
|  | |
|
|


title: Phineas and Ferb: Quest for Cool Stuff

abstract: Phineas and Ferb: Quest for Cool Stuff is a platform video game based on the animated television series, Phineas and Ferb. The game was developed by Behaviour Interactive, and published by Majesco Entertainment under license from Disney Interactive Studios. It was released in North America for physical retail on August 12, 2013 for Wii, Wii U, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, and Xbox 360. A digital download version was made available on August 23 via Xbox Games Store for the Xbox 360, and on August 27 via Nintendo eShop for Wii U and Nintendo 3DS. The game was released in Europe on March 7, 2014 on all platforms except Xbox 360, courtesy of 505 Games.

text:
# Phineas and Ferb: Quest for Cool Stuff

***Phineas and Ferb: Quest for Cool Stuff*** is a platform video game based on the animated television series, *Phineas and Ferb*. The game was developed by Behaviour Interactive, and published by Majesco Entertainment under license from Disney Interactive Studios. It was released in North America for physical retail on August 12, 2013 for Wii, Wii U, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, and Xbox 360. A digital download version was made available on August 23 via Xbox Games Store for the Xbox 360, and on August 27 via Nintendo eShop for Wii U and Nintendo 3DS. The game was released in Europe on March 7, 2014 on all platforms except Xbox 360, courtesy of 505 Games.

## Gameplay

The game's plot and gameplay is as follows: it is the last week of summer vacation, Phineas and Ferb waste no time as they create, travel and explore in a quest to find hidden treasures to fill out their Museum of Cool. Both brothers take turns in operating the A.T.T. (All-Terrain Transformatron Vehicle) in Exploration Mode in several terrains such as their backyard, a lost temple, underwater caverns, and the surface of the Moon, looking for these treasures. Meanwhile, in the game's Action Mode, Perry the Platypus, a.k.a. Agent P, offers his assistance whilst chasing after the villainous Dr. Doofenshmirtz as he unleashes his latest obscure "-inator" devices designed to take over the entire Tri-State area.

## InfoBox

| Phineas and Ferb: Quest for Cool Stuff | |
| --- | --- |
| North American cover art | |
| Developer(s) | Behaviour Interactive |
| Publisher(s) |  |
| Series | *Phineas and Ferb* |
| Platform(s) | Wii
Wii U
Nintendo DS
Nintendo 3DS
Xbox 360 |
| Release | * NA: August 13, 2013 * EU: March 7, 2014 |
| Genre(s) | Platformer |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


title: Phillips (constructor)

abstract: Phillips was an American racing car constructor. Phillips cars competed in seven FIA World Championship races - the 1954-1960 Indianapolis 500.

text:
# Phillips (constructor)

**Phillips** was an American racing car constructor. Phillips cars competed in seven FIA World Championship races - the 1954-1960 Indianapolis 500.

## World Championship Indianapolis 500 results

| Season | Driver | Grid | Classification | Points | Note | Race Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1954 | Don Freeland | 6 | 7 |  |  | Report |
| 1955 | Don Freeland | 21 | 15 |  |  | Report |
| 1956 | Don Freeland | 26 | 3 | 4 |  | Report |
| 1957 | Bob Veith | 16 | 9 |  |  | Report |
| 1958 | Don Freeland | 13 | 7 |  |  | Report |
| 1959 | Don Branson | 10 | 24 |  | Suspension | Report |
| 1960 | Don Branson | 8 | 4 | 3 |  | Report |


title: Platyhypnidium

abstract:
Platyhypnidium is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Brachytheciaceae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species:
  - Platyhypnidium aquaticum Fleischer, 1923
  - Platyhypnidium austrinum Fleischer, 1923

text:
# Platyhypnidium

***Platyhypnidium*** is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Brachytheciaceae.

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

## InfoBox

| *Platyhypnidium* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Bryophyta |
| Class: | Bryopsida |
| Subclass: | Bryidae |
| Order: | Hypnales |
| Family: | Brachytheciaceae |
| Genus: | *Platyhypnidium*<br>M.Fleisch. |
|


title: Platyceps karelini

abstract: Platyceps karelini, the spotted desert racer, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Asia.

text:
# Platyceps karelini

***Platyceps karelini***, the **spotted desert racer**, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Asia.

## Geographic range

*P. karelini* is found in Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

## Description

*P. karelini* exhibits sexual dimorphism, with females being larger than males. Females may attain a total length of 94 cm (37 in), including a tail 23 centimetres (9.1 in) long. Males may attain a total length of 83.5 cm (32.9 in), with a tail 22.5 cm (8.9 in) long.

Dorsally, it is pale gray or tan, with a series of black crossbars, which are narrower than the spaces between them. Some individuals lack the crossbars, and instead have an orange vertebral stripe. Ventrally, it is whitish, pinkish, or yellowish.

## Reproduction

*P. karelini* is oviparous.

## Subspecies

There are three subspecies of *P. karelini* which are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.

* *Platyceps karelini chesneii* (Martin, 1838)
* *Platyceps karelini karelini* (Brandt, 1838)
* *Platyceps karelini mintonorum* (Mertens, 1969)

*Nota bene*: A trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than *Platyceps*.

## Etymology

The specific name, *karelini*, is in honor of Russian naturalist Grigory Karelin. The subspecific name, *mintonorum*, is in honor of American herpetologist Sherman A. Minton and his wife Madge Alice Shortridge Rutherford Minton.

## Further reading

* Brandt \[JF\] (1838). "*Note sur quatre nouvelles espèces de serpents de la côte occidentale de la mer Caspienne et de la Perse septentrionale, découvertes par M. Kareline* ". *Bulletin Scientifique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg* **3** (16): 241-244. (*Coluber karelini*, new species, p. 243). (in French and Latin).
* Latifi M (1991). *The Snakes of Iran*. Oxford, Ohio: Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 156 pp. ISBN 0-916984-22-2. (*Coluber karelini*, p. 104).
* Nagy ZT, Lawson R, Joger U, Wink M (2004). "Molecular phylogeny and systematics of racers, whip snakes and relatives (Reptilia: Colubridae) using mitochondrial and nuclear markers". *Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research* **42**: 223-233. (*Platceps karelini*, new combination).
* Szczerbak, Nikolai (2003). *Guide to the Reptiles of the Eastern Palearctic*. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing. 350 pp. ISBN 978-1-57524-004-6.

## InfoBox

| *Platyceps karelini* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Genus: | *Platyceps* |
| Species: | ***P. karelini*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Platyceps karelini***
(Brandt, 1838) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Coluber karelini*
Brandt, 1838 * *Zamenis karelini*
Strauch, 1873 * *Coluber karelini*
M.A. Smith, 1943 * *Platyceps karelini*
Nagy et al., 2004 | |


title: Platyceps noeli

abstract: Platyceps noeli, the Brahui racer, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae. The snake is found in Pakistan.

text:
# Platyceps noeli

***Platyceps noeli***, the **Brahui racer**, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae.

The snake is found in Pakistan.

## InfoBox

| *Platyceps noeli* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Genus: | *Platyceps* |
| Species: | ***P. noeli*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Platyceps noeli***
Schätti, Tillack & Kucharzewski, 2014 | |
|


title: Plutos

abstract: Plutos is a vertically scrolling shooter developed by Tynesoft and published by Micro Value in 1987. The game was released for the Amiga and Atari ST, and was a heavily inspired by the 1984 arcade game Star Force. In 1991, the game was re-issued on Prism Leisure's "16-Bit Pocket Power" imprint.

text:
# Plutos

***Plutos*** is a vertically scrolling shooter developed by Tynesoft and published by Micro Value in 1987. The game was released for the Amiga and Atari ST, and was a heavily inspired by the 1984 arcade game *Star Force*. In 1991, the game was re-issued on Prism Leisure's "16-Bit Pocket Power" imprint.

## Reception

Although warning that the ST already had "scrolling shoot-em-up" games, David Plotkin of *STart* in 1987 liked *Plutos*'s graphics and level design, concluding that "this is an entertaining way to work off your aggressions".

## InfoBox

| Plutos | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Tynesoft |
| Publisher(s) | Micro Value |
| Designer(s) | Derek Johnston |
| Platform(s) | Amiga, Atari ST |
| Release | 1987 |
| Genre(s) | Scrolling shooter |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


title: Platypus (band)

abstract: Platypus was an American progressive rock / jazz-fusion supergroup, that consisted of members from Dream Theater, King's X and Dixie Dregs. The group was formed in 1997 and disbanded in 2000. Tabor, Myung and Morgenstein would continue working together as The Jelly Jam.

text:
# Platypus (band)

**Platypus** was an American progressive rock / jazz-fusion supergroup, that consisted of members from Dream Theater, King's X and Dixie Dregs. The group was formed in 1997 and disbanded in 2000. Tabor, Myung and Morgenstein would continue working together as The Jelly Jam.

## History

Platypus was conceived by Dream Theater bassist John Myung and (then) Dream Theater keyboardist Derek Sherinian as a creative outlet where ideas that wouldn't fit in Dream Theater could be developed. Joined by guitarist Ty Tabor of King's X (who also sang lead vocals) and drummer Rod Morgenstein of Dixie Dregs, they released two albums between 1997 and 2000.

The sound of Platypus's music can be described as guitar and keyboard-driven modern progressive rock mixed with influences from the 70s rock and progressive rock scenes, employing vocal harmonies and lengthy instrumental pieces.

Their first album, *When Pus Comes To Shove*, did reasonably well, so much that it inspired the follow-up album *Ice Cycles* released in 2000. After this the band parted ways with no plans to re-form or record another album. The legacy of Platypus does live on though in the Jelly Jam — a project formed in 2000 consisting of three-quarters of Platypus (Myung, Morgenstein and Tabor). As of 2016 they have released four full-length albums.

## Discography

| Title | Album details | Sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *When Pus Comes to Shove* |  |  |
| *Ice Cycles* | * Released: March 14, 2000 * Label: Inside Out Music, SPV GmbH * Formats: CD |  |

## Members

## InfoBox

| Platypus | |
| --- | --- |
| Genres | Progressive rock, jazz fusion |
| Years active | 1997–2000 |
| Labels | InsideOut Music |
| Spinoff of | Dream Theater |
|  | |
| Past members | Rod Morgenstein
Ty Tabor
John Myung
Derek Sherinian |


title: Platytetracampe

abstract: Platytetracampe is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

text:
# Platytetracampe

***Platytetracampe*** is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

## InfoBox

| *Platytetracampe* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Eulophidae |
| Tribe: | Platytetracampini |
| Genus: | *Platytetracampe*<br>Girault, 1915 |
|
| Species | |
|  | |


title: Platythomisus

abstract: Platythomisus is a genus of flattened crab spiders from Africa and Southern Asia.

text:
# Platythomisus

***Platythomisus*** is a genus of flattened crab spiders (family Thomisidae) from Africa and Southern Asia.

## Description

Females reach a body length of about 20 mm, males grow up to four mm. The smooth, convex cephalothorax is quite large, with smooth, slender legs that are not particularly long. The legs are often free of spines, with the occasional exception on the first two pairs. The opisthosoma is stout and oval.

*Platythomisus octomaculatus* has a yellow-orange color with four round, black marks on the cephalothorax and seven large black marks on the opisthosoma, with one spot near the cephalothorax, and the other six following behind in two longitudinal rows. The legs are of a bright yellow, with the outer halves black.

## Biology

*Platythomisus octomaculatus* is a rather rare species. One of the plants it has been found on is the yellow *Hibiscus tiliaceus*. In captivity it was observed to feed on bees.

## Name

The genus name is combined from Ancient Greek *platys* "flat" and the name of the crab spider genus *Thomisus*.

## Species

## Footnotes

* Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. *Malaysian Nature Society*, Kuala Lumpur.
* Platnick, Norman I. (2009): The world spider catalog, version 10.0. *American Museum of Natural History*.

## InfoBox

| *Platythomisus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Female *Platythomisus xiandao* | |
|  | |
| Male *Platythomisus xiandao* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Thomisidae |
| Genus: | *Platythomisus*
Doleschall, 1859 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Thomisus 8-maculatus*
C. L. Koch, 1845 | |
| Species | |
| See text | |
| Diversity | |
| 14 species | |


title: Platythecium commiscens

abstract: Platythecium commiscens is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in India, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Bharati Adawadkar and Urmila Vasudev Makhija. The type specimen was collected from Kollaimalai. The lichen has a whitish-green to greenish coloured thallus that is encircled by a thin black prothallus. The ascomata are in the form of short, highly branched lirellae that are immersed in the thallus; the lirellae are intermingled and crowded together. The species epithet, derived from the Latin commiscens ("intermingling"), refers to this characteristic feature. Platythecium commiscens contains lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes the thallus of the lichen to fluoresce a yellow colour when lit with a long-wavelength UV light. It is this feature that distinguishes the species from the morphologically similar Platythecium parvicarpum.

text:
# Platythecium commiscens

***Platythecium commiscens*** is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in India, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Bharati Adawadkar and Urmila Vasudev Makhija. The type specimen was collected from Kollaimalai (Tamil Nadu). The lichen has a whitish-green to greenish coloured thallus that is encircled by a thin black prothallus. The ascomata are in the form of short, highly branched lirellae that are immersed in the thallus; the lirellae are intermingled and crowded together. The species epithet, derived from the Latin *commiscens* ("intermingling"), refers to this characteristic feature.

*Platythecium commiscens* contains lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes the thallus of the lichen to fluoresce a yellow colour when lit with a long-wavelength UV light. It is this feature that distinguishes the species from the morphologically similar *Platythecium parvicarpum*.

## InfoBox

| *Platythecium commiscens* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Graphidales |
| Family: | Graphidaceae |
| Genus: | *Platythecium* |
| Species: | ***P. commiscens*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Platythecium commiscens***<br>Adaw. & Makhija (2005) | |
|


title: Podabrus alpinus

abstract: Podabrus alpinus is a species of soldier beetles native to Europe.

text:
# Podabrus alpinus

***Podabrus alpinus*** is a species of soldier beetles native to Europe.

## Description

Adults have a body length of 11 to 15 mm (0.43 to 0.59 in). Appearance varies greatly. Elytra can range from shiny black to dark brownish-gold and legs are often black or dark brown-orange with black tarsi. Typically, the pronotum has a black stripe running lengthwise with orange or pale yellow sides. It has also been found that some specimens of *P. alpinus* have no black marking on the pronotum. Although the appearance of the pronotum is variable, the head is consistently black from in between the compound eyes to the front of the pronotum. The antennae are mostly black with a few orange segments closer to the head.

## Range

*P. alpinus* can be found throughout Europe--excluding the Iberian Peninsula and most of the Balkans--and are most common in the Alps.

## History

*P. alpinus* was first described in 1798 by Swedish entomologist Gustaf von Paykull in his species publication *Monographia Staphylinorum Sueciae.*

## InfoBox

| *Podabrus alpinus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cantharidae |
| Subfamily: | Cantharinae |
| Tribe: | Podabrini |
| Genus: | *Podabrus* |
| Species: | ***P. alpinus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Podabrus alpinus***<br>(Paykull, 1798)(Paykull, 1798) | |
|


title: Pleasant Township, Hardin County, Ohio

abstract: Pleasant Township is one of the fifteen townships of Hardin County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 8,037.

text:
# Pleasant Township, Hardin County, Ohio

**Pleasant Township** is one of the fifteen townships of Hardin County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 8,037.

## Geography

Located in the eastern center of the county, it borders the following townships:

Most of the city of Kenton, the county seat of Hardin County, is located in southern Pleasant Township.

## Name and history

Pleasant Township was established in 1834. This township was so named on account of its scenery and agriculture. It is one of fifteen Pleasant Townships statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

## InfoBox

| Pleasant Township, Hardin County, Ohio | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
| Former schoolhouse north of Kenton | |
| Location of Pleasant Twp (red), next to the city of Kenton (yellow) | |
| Coordinates: 40°39′39″N 83°36′13″W / 40.66083°N 83.60361°W / 40.66083; -83.60361 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Ohio |
| County | Hardin |
| Area | |
| Total | 38.8 sq mi (100.5 km2) |
| Land | 38.8 sq mi (100.5 km2) |
| Water | 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2) |
| Elevation | 997 ft (304 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 8,037 |
| Density | 210/sq mi (80/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| FIPS code | 39-63282 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1086267 |


title: Pleiocarpa mutica

abstract: Pleiocarpa mutica is a plant in the family Apocynaceae.

text:
# Pleiocarpa mutica

***Pleiocarpa mutica*** is a plant in the family Apocynaceae.

## Description

*Pleiocarpa mutica* grows as a shrub or small tree up to 7.5 metres (25 ft) tall, with a stem diameter of up to 5 cm (2 in). Its fragrant flowers feature a white corolla. The fruit is yellow to bright orange with paired follicles, each up to 2 cm (1 in) long. Local medicinal uses include as a treatment for stomach-ache, kidney diseases, malaria, jaundice and as a laxative.

## Distribution and habitat

*Pleiocarpa mutica* is native to an area of tropical Africa from Sierra Leone east to the Central African Republic. The species is found in a variety of habitats from sea-level to 600 metres (2,000 ft) altitude.

## Phytochemistry

The alkaloid kopsinine, which has *in vitro* anticholinergic activity, has been isolated from *Pleiocarpa mutica*.

## InfoBox

| *Pleiocarpa mutica* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Genus: | *Pleiocarpa* |
| Species: | ***P. mutica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pleiocarpa mutica***
Benth. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Hunteria pleiocarpa*  Hallier f. * *Pleiocarpa bakueana*  A.Chev. * *Pleiocarpa salicifolia*  Stapf * *Pleiocarpa ternata*  A.Chev. * *Pleiocarpa tricarpellata*  Stapf | |


title: Pleiocarpine

abstract: Pleiocarpine is an anticholinergic alkaloid.

text:
# Pleiocarpine

**Pleiocarpine** is an anticholinergic alkaloid.

## InfoBox

Pleiocarpine
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Names | |
| IUPAC name dimethyl (9R,18R,21S)-2,12-diazahexacyclo\[14.2.2.19,12.01,9.03,8.016,21\]henicosa-3,5,7-triene-2,18-dicarboxylate | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChEBI |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C23H28N2O4/c1-28-18(26)16-14-21-8-5-12-24-13-11-22(19(21)24)15-6-3-4-7-17(15)25(20(27)29-2)23(16,22)10-9-21/h3-4,6-7,16,19H,5,8-14H2,1-2H3/t16-,19-,21?,22+,23?/m0/s1Key: SQVLFJQJOPEBAA-AUEHJUDRSA-N | |
| SMILES * COC(=O)\[C@@H\]1CC23CCCN4\[C@@H\]2\[C@@\]5(C1(CC3)N(C6=CC=CC=C65)C(=O)OC)CC4 | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C23H28N2O4 |
| Molar mass | 396.487 g·mol−1 |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa).  Infobox references | |


title: Pleioceras

abstract:
Pleioceras is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1888. It is native to tropical Africa.
  - Species
  - Pleioceras afzelii (K.Schum.) Stapf - Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia
  - Pleioceras barteri Baill. - Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Benin, Cameroon
  - Pleioceras gilletii Stapf  - Nigeria, Republic of Congo, Zaire, Angola
  - Pleioceras orientale Vollesen - Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique
  - Pleioceras zenkeri Stapf - Nigeria, Gabon, Cameroon

text:
# Pleioceras

***Pleioceras*** is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1888. It is native to tropical Africa.

Species

## InfoBox

| *Pleioceras* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Subfamily: | Apocynoideae |
| Tribe: | Wrightieae |
| Genus: | *Pleioceras*<br>Baill. |
|


title: Podlesie, Dąbrowa County

abstract: Podlesie is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Szczucin, within Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Szczucin, 22 km (14 mi) north-east of Dąbrowa Tarnowska, and 93 km (58 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.

text:
# Podlesie, Dąbrowa County

**Podlesie** \[pɔdˈlɛɕɛ\] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Szczucin, within Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Szczucin, 22 km (14 mi) north-east of Dąbrowa Tarnowska, and 93 km (58 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.

## InfoBox

| Podlesie | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Podlesie | |
| Coordinates: 50°18′57″N 21°10′52″E / 50.31583°N 21.18111°E / 50.31583; 21.18111 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lesser Poland |
| County | Dąbrowa |
| Gmina | Szczucin |


title: Podlesie, Busko County

abstract: Podlesie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tuczępy, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) north of Tuczępy, 21 km (13 mi) east of Busko-Zdrój, and 47 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

text:
# Podlesie, Busko County

**Podlesie** \[pɔdˈlɛɕɛ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tuczępy, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) north of Tuczępy, 21 km (13 mi) east of Busko-Zdrój, and 47 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

## InfoBox

| Podlesie | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Podlesie | |
| Coordinates: 50°32′2″N 20°59′28″E / 50.53389°N 20.99111°E / 50.53389; 20.99111 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Świętokrzyskie |
| County | Busko |
| Gmina | Tuczępy |


title: Podła Góra

abstract: Podła Góra is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skąpe, within Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-west of Skąpe, 20 km (12 mi) south-west of Świebodzin, and 23 km (14 mi) north-west of Zielona Góra.

text:
# Podła Góra

**Podła Góra** \[ˈpɔdwa ˈɡura\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skąpe, within Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-west of Skąpe, 20 km (12 mi) south-west of Świebodzin, and 23 km (14 mi) north-west of Zielona Góra.

## InfoBox

| Podła Góra | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Podła Góra | |
| Coordinates: 52°7′N 15°21′E / 52.117°N 15.350°E / 52.117; 15.350 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lubusz |
| County | Świebodzin |
| Gmina | Skąpe |
| Population | 171 |


title: Podławki

abstract: Podławki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Barciany, 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn, and 67 km (42 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

text:
# Podławki

**Podławki** \[pɔdˈwafki\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Barciany, 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn, and 67 km (42 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

## InfoBox

| Podławki | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
|  | |
| Podławki | |
| Coordinates: 54°8′37″N 21°19′7″E / 54.14361°N 21.31861°E / 54.14361; 21.31861 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian |
| County | Kętrzyn |
| Gmina | Barciany |
| Population | 190 |


title: Podłazie, Włoszczowa County

abstract: Podłazie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Włoszczowa, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Włoszczowa and 44 km (27 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

text:
# Podłazie, Włoszczowa County

**Podłazie** \[pɔdˈwaʑɛ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Włoszczowa, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Włoszczowa and 44 km (27 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

## InfoBox

| Podłazie | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Podłazie | |
| Coordinates: 50°43′50″N 20°2′24″E / 50.73056°N 20.04000°E / 50.73056; 20.04000 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Świętokrzyskie |
| County | Włoszczowa |
| Gmina | Włoszczowa |


title: Curtiss A-2 (engine)

abstract: The Curtiss A-2 was a small 2 cylinder V-type engine built by the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company around 1909. It was developed from an earlier Curtiss motorcycle engine.

text:
# Curtiss A-2 (engine)

The **Curtiss A-2** was a small 2 cylinder V-type engine built by the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company around 1909. It was developed from an earlier Curtiss motorcycle engine.

## Specifications (A-2)

### General characteristics

### Components

* **Cooling system:** Air cooled

### Performance

* **Power output:** 7 hp (5.2 kW) at 1,500 rpm

* *Curtiss A-2 V-2 Engine*, Smithsonian Institution National Air and Space Museum collections, archived from the original on 2019-07-21, retrieved 2018-06-06


title: Cyclone Larry

abstract: Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry was a tropical cyclone that made landfall in Australia during the 2005–06 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season. Larry originated as a low pressure system over the eastern Coral Sea on 16 March 2006, and was monitored by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology in Brisbane, Australia. The low-pressure area organised into a tropical cyclone two days later and quickly strengthened into a Category 4 storm on the Australian tropical cyclone scale. Larry made landfall in Far North Queensland close to Innisfail, on 20 March 2006, as a Category 5 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale, with wind gusts reaching 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph), before dissipating over land several days later. Throughout Queensland, Cyclone Larry resulted in roughly AU$1.5 billion (US$1.1 billion) 2006 USD or AU$2 billion (US$1.55billion) 2022 USD in damage. At the time, this made Larry the costliest tropical cyclone to ever impact Australia; surpassing Cyclone Tracy in 1974. In 2011, Cyclone Yasi surpassed the damage total caused by Larry.

text:
# Cyclone Larry

**Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry** was a tropical cyclone that made landfall in Australia during the 2005–06 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season. Larry originated as a low pressure system over the eastern Coral Sea on 16 March 2006, and was monitored by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology in Brisbane, Australia. The low-pressure area organised into a tropical cyclone two days later and quickly strengthened into a Category 4 storm on the Australian tropical cyclone scale. Larry made landfall in Far North Queensland close to Innisfail, on 20 March 2006, as a Category 5 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale, with wind gusts reaching 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph), before dissipating over land several days later.

Throughout Queensland, Cyclone Larry resulted in roughly AU$1.5 billion (US$1.1 billion) 2006 USD or AU$2 billion (US$1.55billion) 2022 USD in damage. At the time, this made Larry the costliest tropical cyclone to ever impact Australia; surpassing Cyclone Tracy in 1974 (not accounting for inflation). In 2011, Cyclone Yasi surpassed the damage total caused by Larry.

## Meteorological history

Larry began as a low pressure system over the eastern Coral Sea that was monitored by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology from 16 March 2006. It formed into a tropical cyclone 1,150 kilometres (710 mi) off the coast of Queensland, Australia on Saturday 18 March 2006. Larry was a Category 2 cyclone in the Australian intensity scale when the cyclone watch commenced, and gradually intensified to a high Category 5 cyclone on that scale. The eye of Larry crossed the coast in between Gordonvale and Tully between 6:20 am and 7:20 am AEST on 20 March 2006. According to preliminary data, the winds may have reached 290 kilometres per hour (180 mph) with gusts to 310–320 kilometres per hour (190–200 mph). However, re-analysis based on land observations indicated that Cyclone Larry was a Category 4 cyclone during landfall, as wind gusts were estimated to have reached 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) in the area of impact.

The Australian intensity scale is based on maximum wind gusts, which are estimated to be 40 percent above 10-minute sustained winds. On this scale, Larry peaked as a Category 5 cyclone, during landfall. On the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center's maximum 1-minute wind speed assigned to the cyclone define it as a Category 4-equivalent storm.

Based on estimated winds speeds required to destroy simple structures, a damage survey of buildings in the Innisfail region estimated peak gust wind speeds (in reference to flat open country at a height of 10 metres (33 ft)) across the study area to range from 180 to 300 kilometres per hour (110 to 190 mph). This estimate correlates with the Bureau of Meteorology's re-analysis of Cyclone Larry at landfall. Their reviews of data suggest that Larry was a Category 5 system when it crossed the coast. It was confirmed by the Bureau of Meteorology in March 2007 that the cyclone made landfall as a Category 5 cyclone.

A 10-minute average wind speed of 108 knots (200 km/h; 124 mph) was reported in Innisfail during landfall, theoretically corresponding to 1-minute sustained winds of 125 knots (232 km/h; 144 mph), and maximum wind gusts generally consistent with a Saffir-Simpson scale Category 5 storm.

At 1 am Australian Eastern Standard Time on 21 March 2006, Larry was downgraded to a Tropical Low pressure system as it moved inland. Ex-tropical cyclone Larry was further tracked as it moved into western Queensland to the north of Mount Isa. Larry's short life as a cyclone is attributed to its speed; the system moved very quickly over the Coral Sea dissipating nearly 24 hours after landfall. Cyclone Larry was considered to be the worst cyclone to hit the coast of Queensland since 1931, until it was surpassed by Cyclone Yasi in 2011;  consequently, the name "Larry" was retired on 12 December 2006.

## Impact

Cyclone Larry was regarded as the most powerful cyclone to affect Queensland in almost a century. According to Queensland state Counter Disaster Rescue Services executive director Frank Pagano, Cyclone Larry constituted "the most devastating cyclone that we could potentially see on the east coast of Queensland for decades ... there was great destruction." Then-Premier of Queensland, Peter Beattie declared Larry a disaster situation, comparing it to Cyclone Tracy, giving local governments the authority to enforce mandatory evacuations.

Then the Australian Prime Minister John Howard said of Larry, "this cyclone is of an enormous magnitude," and reserved several UH-60 Black Hawk and CH-47 Chinook heavy lift helicopters for rescue efforts in the aftermath of the cyclone. He also promised grants of $10,000 to businesses affected by the cyclone.

An appeal fund was launched by the Queensland Government, with an initial donation of $100,000; the Commonwealth Bank initially donated $50,000, and then increased its contribution to $1 Million after examining the devastation. Premier Beattie asked "everyone to dig deep and help people who have suffered in the devastation wreaked by the cyclone."

Cairns airport and harbour were closed, and all flights were suspended. Innisfail, where Larry made landfall, suffered severe damage. In Babinda, 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Innisfail, up to 80% of buildings were damaged. The region's banana industry, which employs up to 6000 people, suffered extreme losses of crops, accounting for more than 80% of Australia's total banana crop. The Atherton Tablelands also received a great deal of damage from Cyclone Larry, with damage to buildings, and major disruptions to power, water and telephone services.

Other towns suffering damage included Silkwood (99% of homes damaged), Kurrimine Beach (30% of homes damaged), and Mission Beach (30% of homes damaged). Cairns, the largest city in the region affected by the cyclone, sustained minor structural damage, mostly comprising fallen power lines and houses damaged by fallen trees throughout the city. Light aircraft were flipped over at Cairns Airport.

A damage survey of buildings in the Innisfail region concluded that the majority of contemporary houses remained structurally intact, though many roller doors were destroyed. The report noted that the structures should have been able to withstand the cyclone, as the winds impacting the buildings were below the threshold required for meeting the region's building standards. Buildings constructed prior to the introduction of higher cyclone rating standards suffered comparatively more damage. In total 10,000 homes were damaged.

Preliminary reports estimated the cost of loss and damage to domestic and commercial premises is to be in excess of half a billion dollars.

After landfall, Tropical Cyclone Larry moved over north-western Queensland on 22–23 March 2006, with heavy rain across the region. Gereta Station, north of Mount Isa, recorded 583 mm of rain in the 48 hours to 9 am on 23 March 2006. Heavy flooding was reported along the Leichhardt River downstream, resulting in the inundation of some cattle properties.

One indirect fatality occurred when the storm caused a traffic accident near where it made landfall.

## Aftermath

Cyclone Larry caused extensive and persistent damage to the regions natural rainforest. Normally resilient to high wind speeds of previous cyclones the force of Larry stripped several hundred thousand acres of leaves. A large quantity of major ND upper canopy trees were blown down or broken off. many stripped and damaged trees unable to resist a variety of tropical pests caused a second wave of dying to occur in the following months. The regions forest, famous as being similar paleoforest to the Amazon, became lower in overall height.

On 27 March, the Governor General of Australia, Michael Jeffery, visited the area several days into the recovery. He viewed the devastation from the air and also met with groups of people on the ground.

### Australian Defence Force

A few hours after the immediate effects of the cyclone, the Australian Defence Force dispatched elements of the Townsville based 3rd Brigade and the Cairns-based 51st Battalion, Far North Queensland Regiment, Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force including: six Black Hawk helicopters, three Iroquois helicopters, one Chinook helicopter, one Seahawk helicopter, three Navy *Balikpapan*-class landing craft, two Caribou aircraft, two C-130 Hercules, and several LARC-V amphibious 4WD vehicles.

A Combat Services Support Battalion coordinated emergency support at Innisfail Showgrounds, providing health care, environmental advice, fresh food and purified water (as well as testing local supplies), tarpaulins, bath and shower facilities, and up to 500 beds.

The Cowley Beach Training Area near Mourilyan Harbour, 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Innisfail, was significantly affected by the cyclone, and its use as a base by recovery teams was therefore limited.

### QLD Rural Fire Service (Thuringowa Group)

Thuringowa Group Rural Fire Brigade volunteers responded immediately after the impact of the cyclone. The rural fire volunteer task force set up a command post at East Palmerston, which was in place for a number of weeks. A newly acquired Emergency Support Unit was quickly prepared for disaster relief operations. This unit had to be sold before STC Yasi slammed the North QLD Coastline however, the Rural Fire Service and QLD Fire & Rescue had honed their incident management skills and along with the LDMG in Townsville, ensured that emergency response during and after the cyclone were suitable and appropriate.

### Leadership by General Peter Cosgrove

Former Chief of the Defence Force, General Peter Cosgrove, took charge of recovery efforts, and was directing activities from Innisfail by 24 March 2006. He called for an economic assessment by state and federal governments, and specified a moratorium on businesses' debt repayments to banks for 3 months.

### Tradesmen and prisoners

About 150 tradesmen from around Australia arrived in Innisfail around 26 March 2006, and worked to reopen schools and other public buildings, and to make private dwellings habitable.

The Queensland Government also investigated how many trusted prisoners could be organised for work-gangs.

### Accommodation

Media outlets reported that rental agents were working to find accommodation for displaced persons, after the already tight accommodation market was exacerbated by the severe damage done to homes in the affected areas. Many tenants and owners of severely damaged homes had little chance of finding accommodation in the area, and many were expected to move to Cairns for several months. Many people were sheltered in town halls while the defence force built additional temporary accommodation.

### Banana Shortage

The cyclone destroyed 80–90% of Australia's banana crop. Australia is relatively free of banana pests and diseases, and therefore does not allow bananas to be imported. Bananas were in short supply throughout Australia for the remainder of 2006, which increased prices across the country by 400–500%. The average price of bananas was $15 per kilo.

## InfoBox

Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry
| Larry intensifying and approaching Queensland on 19 March | |
| --- | --- |
| Meteorological history | |
| Formed | 18 March 2006 (2006-03-18) |
| Dissipated | 24 March 2006 (2006-03-25) |
| Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | |
| *10-minute sustained* (Aus) | |
| Highest winds | 185 km/h (115 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 935 hPa (mbar); 27.61 inHg |
| Category 4-equivalent tropical cyclone | |
| *1-minute sustained* (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
| Highest winds | 215 km/h (130 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 937 hPa (mbar); 27.67 inHg |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 1 indirect |
| Damage | $1.1 billion (2006 USD) |
| Areas affected | Far North Queensland |
| IBTrACS | |
| ---  Part of the **2005–06 South Pacific and<br>Australian region cyclone seasons** | |


title: Cyclone Les

abstract: Tropical Cyclone Les was a Category 2 storm in the 1997–98 Australian region cyclone season, which affected the Northern Territory of Australia in January 1998.

text:
# Cyclone Les

**Tropical Cyclone Les** was a Category 2 storm in the 1997–98 Australian region cyclone season, which affected the Northern Territory of Australia in January 1998.

## Meteorological history

On 19 January 1998, an area of low pressure developed over the Gulf of Carpentaria. Little development occurred as the system traveled initially towards the southwest and later towards the east. Late on 21 January, the low moved over the Cape York Peninsula and began to strengthen. A surge of moisture from a northwest monsoon and a tightening pressure gradient due to an area of high pressure located over the Great Australian Bight, allowed the system to develop. The first warning published by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology was issued on 23 January, after the storm had moved back over the Gulf of Carpentaria.

## Storm and impact

The intense rainfall also occurred during "king high tides" in the Timor Sea that pushed water from the lower reaches upstream, as a result, floodwater drainage was impeded. Flooding was most severe in Katherine, Northern Territory, where flooding began 24 January. Many residents were evacuated to cyclone shelters, while several others were stranded on rooftops. On Australia Day, 26 January, roads north and south from Katherine were closed due to rising floodwaters, and Royal Australian Air Force personnel from RAAF Base Tindal joined local police and emergency services to assist with sandbagging critical infrastructure. Some 5000 residents were evacuated as an estimated 500 businesses and 1200 homes were inundated by floodwaters, including the Katherine District Hospital. On 27 January, a state of emergency was declared for Katherine as the Katherine River reached a level of 20.3 m (66.6 ft). The floodwaters peaked at 20.4 m (67 ft) at the Katherine railway bridge, passing the previous record of 19.3m during major flooding in 1957. Two days later, 392 residents were evacuated from the Daly River region, approximately 200 km (120 mi) downstream from Katherine, where floodwaters had risen above 11.5m and would continue to rise to a peak of 16.8 m (55 ft) on 3 February.

The cyclone dumped over 380mm of rainfall in the area within a 48-hour period, leaving water up to 2 m (6.5 ft) through much of the town. The flooding forced at least 2,000 people out of their homes, and killed 3 people. Total damages from the storm amounted to at least A$100 million (US$64.7 million). Additionally, local infrastructure was severely damaged by the storm. During the flood emergency, the only road access between Darwin and the rest of Australia was impassable for five days. Drainage and sewerage systems failed, leading to an outbreak of gastroenteritis. When the flood waters receded, priority was given to making critical facilities such as the hospital operational once again, with 300 additional Australian Defence Force personnel arriving to assist with the clean-up.

## Aftermath

Through the *Appropriation (Flood Relief) Bill (1998)* the Northern Territory Government released $10 million of funds for immediate flood relief. It was estimated at this time that at least $30 million would be required for capital works reconstruction, and a similar amount to be allocated to supporting business and individuals. It was expected this amount would be met by the Commonwealth Government. The Northern Territory Government conducted studies in the area in the years following the disaster to learn how better to prepare for major flood events, and now makes flood maps and information brochures available to the public as well as other early warning systems such as flood sirens and live webcams monitoring the river.

On 30 January, Prime Minister of Australia John Howard visited Katherine, announcing measures including disaster relief payments of $1000 for each adult and $200 for each child affected by the flooding, the creation of a taskforce to investigate problems faced by those who were not insured for flooding as well as $5 million in funding for repairs and improvements to the Stuart Highway.

The economic impact of the disaster on the town of Katherine was significant. Of the estimated $200 million damages, only $70 million was insured and many local businesses were forced to close. The pastoral industry, worth over $60 million annually to the region was badly affected by the loss of whole herds of livestock to the rising waters.

A study conducted by the School for Social and Policy Research at Charles Darwin University in 2008 analysed trends in census data before and after the disaster and found that the population had not yet recovered to pre-flood levels ten years after the event, and the demographics in the town had shifted significantly.

In 2008, the Katherine Town Council submitted to Infrastructure Australia documents outlining the approximate costing and importance of relocating the town's hospital and ambulance station to a less flood-prone area following the total evacuation and inundation of both facilities during the 1998 and 2006 flood events.

## InfoBox

Tropical Cyclone Les
| Tropical Cyclone Les on 24 January 1998 | |
| --- | --- |
| Meteorological history | |
| Formed | 19 January 1998 (1998-01-19) |
| Dissipated | 1 February 1998 (1998-03) |
| Category 2 tropical cyclone | |
| *10-minute sustained* (Aus) | |
| Highest winds | 110 km/h (70 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 976 hPa (mbar); 28.82 inHg |
| Tropical storm | |
| *1-minute sustained* (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
| Highest winds | 95 km/h (60 mph) |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 3 direct |
| Damage | $64.7 million (1998 USD) |
| Areas affected | Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia |
| IBTrACS | |
| ---  Part of the **1997–98 Australian region cyclone season** | |


title: Cyclone Lake

abstract: Cyclone Lake is a lake in Garfield County, Utah, United States. The lake is about 15 miles (24 km) north-northwest of Escalante and is located within the Dixie National Forest with an elevation of 9,869 feet (3,008 m). Cyclone Lake was so named on account of the lake having been visited by a tornado (cyclone).

text:
# Cyclone Lake

**Cyclone Lake** is a lake in Garfield County, Utah, United States. The lake is about 15 miles (24 km) north-northwest of Escalante and is located within the Dixie National Forest with an elevation of 9,869 feet (3,008 m).

Cyclone Lake was so named on account of the lake having been visited by a tornado (cyclone).

## InfoBox

| Cyclone Lake | |
| --- | --- |
| Cyclone Lake | |
| Location | Garfield County, Utah |
| Coordinates | 37°59′00″N 111°43′08″W / 37.9832344°N 111.7190193°W / 37.9832344; -111.7190193 |
| Type | lake |
|  | |
| Surface elevation | 9,869 feet (3,008 m) |