title: Queanbeyan Showground

abstract: Queanbeyan Showground is a heritage-listed showground at 19-41 Farrer Place, Queanbeyan, Queanbeyan-Palerang Region, New South Wales, Australia. The property is owned by Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 15 March 2013.

text:
# Queanbeyan Showground

**Queanbeyan Showground** is a heritage-listed showground at 19-41 Farrer Place, Queanbeyan, Queanbeyan-Palerang Region, New South Wales, Australia. The property is owned by Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 15 March 2013.

## History

In the 19th century names associated with Aboriginal groups in the district around Weereewaa (Lake George) were the Kamberri, Kgamberry, Nganbra and the Nganbra-Pialligo. In the 1820s the first Europeans travelled beyond Weereewaa (Lake George) in search of the Murrumbidgee River and "discovered" the Molonglo Plains. Severe drought during the 1820s impelled colonists to search for more pasture land and in 1828 Major H. C. Antill from Picton sent his cattle and sheep to Molonglo Plains.

The town of Queanbeyan grew up on the lands owned by innkeeper Timothy Beard, who had a collection of huts on the banks of Molonglo River. The town centre later shifted to the Queanbeyan River about one mile east and was officially proclaimed as a township in 1838 with a population of 50. From 1861 onwards new waves of British and European migrants arrived in the district to take advantage of the Robertson Land Acts and take up small allotments. Queanbeyan Aboriginal groups continued to host regular gatherings and corroborees and began to align these events with the annual government distribution of blankets.

Archaeological evidence and historical records show that the Queanbeyan Showground site was a traditional gathering place and burial place for Aboriginal people. Aborigines are first recorded camping on the site some time in the period 1846-50. The memoirs of W. Davis Wright describe a group of Aboriginals camping on lands in Farrer Place across the street from the showground. Records show blanket distribution took place in 1841, 1844, and 1861. The 1861 gathering took place in early April and is specifically associated with the annual distribution of blankets to the Aborigines in preparation for winter. A larger gathering is recorded in Queanbeyan in 1859 and another annual visit in 1861. The showground is specifically mentioned as the site of an 1862 gathering of tribes from Braidwood, Yass and Bland Plains. The gatherings of 1859 and 1862 which took place in June and April respectively were probably also connected with blanket distribution. Up until 1861 the blankets were distributed from the police station and court house located across Queanbeyan River; this seems to indicate the gatherings and camping took place at the showground site because it was a traditional location rather than for access to blankets.

The available evidence suggests that the gatherings served a much more significant purpose than the acquisition of blankets. The visits of large numbers of Aborigines from distant areas and the holding of corroborees are recorded in connection with the 1859, 1861 and 1862 gatherings. Local tradition maintains that corroborees were held on the current showground reserve around this time. Indeed, the reserve was the site of the last Aboriginal corroboree held in the Queanbeyan district in 1862. Held over many weeks, the corroboree was attended by many hundreds of Aborigines. Tribes gathered from as far as the coast and the regions of the lower Lachlan and Murrumbidgee Rivers (Australian Heritage Database). Visiting groups included the Moolingoolah from Captains Flat and the upper Molonglo, Queanbeyan and Shoalhaven River districts, the Tinderry Mountains and Bungendore; Ngambri and Ngurma groups from Tumut, Brungle, Tuggeranong, Wanniassa, Pialligo, Yarralumla, Ginninderra, the Murrumbidgee regions and other parts of their extensive country; and even groups from Parramatta and Liverpool

The tribes congregated at or around the same time each year for celebratory and ceremonial purposes, with the current showground reserve serving as one of the important sites for these events. Among local Aboriginal people there is an oral tradition that the showground was formerly a camping ground for their ancestors.

Part of the showground and some land to the south of it was also reputedly an Aboriginal burial ground. In his memoirs W. Davis Wright described the death of an Aboriginal man in a fight at a gathering on the current reserve in the period 1846-50 and that this person was buried on or near the site. According to AHIMS Site Card 57-2-65 in 1866, a local Queanbeyan resident discovered an Aboriginal skull, bones, a spear, a carved parrying shield and other Aboriginal implements on the showground: artefacts of a kind that were customarily buried with their deceased Aboriginal owners. The shield is said to have been given to the Historical Society. The site card also refers to an incident in 1935 where workmen digging a trench discovered the remains of an Aboriginal person buried in a sitting position on the northern side of West Avenue, approximately 80m south of the showground. In the Queanbeyan Showground Heritage Study historian Brendan O'Keefe refers to the 1935 find in West Avenue as well as the discovery of a burial during construction of the grandstand in 1939; the burial in the latter case was left in-situ and covered over.

Most of the present showground reserve was included in a large area that was designated by 1862 as a Recreation Ground for the people of Queanbeyan. The ground was located on the south-western edge of the original square mile grid of streets laid out by Government of New South Wales Surveyor, James Larmer, in 1838. In 1883 the Queanbeyan Pastoral, Agricultural and Horticultural Association succeeded in having part of the Recreation Ground resumed and a 3.7 ha portion of it dedicated as a showground. Agricultural shows were held on the ground from this date. By 1906 the showground was expanded by approximately 4 hectares. This area had also been part of the original Recreation Ground. A segment of the showground reserve on its north-eastern side (part of Lot 6, Section 56) was sold to the Catholic Church in 1920 so that it could erect a church and school on the site. With the money realised by this sale a 1.5 ha strip of land along the southern boundary was added to the showground reserve. In 1939 the Council became the trustee of both the body of the showground and of the extension along Glebe Avenue.

From its inception in 1893, the annual Queanbeyan Show developed into one of the most important community events in the Queanbeyan social calendar. Over the years the showground also became the venue for a variety of other activities. Trotting having become one of the main attractions of the annual shows, it was decided to construct a proper harness racing track on the ground in 1927. Until 1968 the showground track was one of New South Wales's most important venues for regular trotting meetings up. The showground also hosted carnivals, circuses and poultry exhibitions. Greyhound racing commenced in the early 1930s on a properly constructed coursing track. The racing continued until the 1990s. At the outbreak of World War II, the showground was used as the drill ground by the Canberra troop of light horse. On many occasions, the showground has served as an emergency caravan park when the Queanbeyan River has been in flood.

At the Lowe Street entrance to the reserve there is a set of memorial gates erected in March 1934 to the memory of Thomas Collett, a Queanbeyan businessman, council alderman and founding member of the Queanbeyan Pastoral and Agricultural Association.

The grandstand was built c.1939.

The annual show continued to be popular after World War Two and continued to be a successful event until at least the early 1970s. After this time the show's fortunes began to decline and pressure to develop the showground increased. The site was seen by a majority of Queanbeyan City Council, the New South Wales Department of Lands and some local businesspeople as a valuable and underutilised piece of real estate close to the commercial heart of the city. In 1988, the council issued development plans for the showground. The development proposals roused considerable opposition in the city from various individuals and groups, including the Show Society, the Ngunnawal Land Council, the Monaro Conservation Society, the Queanbeyan and District Historical Society, the Coursing Club, the Trotting Association and a group specially formed to campaign for the retention of the showground, the Friends of Queanbeyan Showground. The council and Department of Lands pressed ahead and in mid-1989 twenty-four lots on Glebe Avenue were resumed. Following action by members of the Queanbeyan community, the New South Wales Legislative Council disallowed the resumption. The protracted dispute over the proposed development of the showground generated a great deal of publicity and a revival of interest in the ground. In the last few years, the annual show has undergone a strong resurgence.

## Description

The following is an extract from the National Heritage Database: "The Queanbeyan Showground Reserve comprises a roughly triangular area of approximately 8.78ha (about 22 acres) in central Queanbeyan. The body of the reserve is composed of Lot 6 DP 1116082 and Lot 4, section 56, DP 758862 while a strip of land along Glebe Avenue consisting of Lots 1 to 24, DP 13963, contributes another 1.5ha to the ground. The whole of the area is Crown Land dedicated for showground purposes. The principal feature of the reserve is the showground arena, which has a trotting track on its perimeter and is overlooked by a grandstand. The grandstand is a brick building with a corrugated iron awning roof. A walkway runs across the front of the grandstand at the foot of the seating area and above the ground floor hall; the walkway, which has a balustrade, is accessed by stairways (not original) at each end of the building. The hall extends to the rear in a lean to form."

Also located on the grounds are other ancillary structures relating to the various uses of the showground. At the Farrer Place entrance to the site is a gateway constructed in 1934 as a memorial to J.T Collett, a Queanbeyan businessman, Council alderman and founder of the Agricultural Association. The gateway is a rendered masonry art-deco style parapet with two single pedestrian arches flanking a wider vehicular entrance archway. There is another matching gateway on Lowe Street.

There are several mature trees on the ground, mainly at its western (Cameron Road) end. Archaeological finds and a burial have been recorded on the site.

The structures and buildings on the site relate to the use of the reserve as a showground and as a place with various uses associated with recreation. The grandstand and other historic elements such as the original gates have local heritage value. There are no structures or buildings on the site which relate to the State significant Aboriginal history of the site.

The site is intact as a showground. The cultural and historical significance are embodied in the place.

## Heritage listing

The Queanbeyan Showground site is of strong cultural significance to the Aboriginal community. Historically the site is of value as a traditional camping and ceremonial place that was in use before and after European settlement. In the 19th century the site also became associated with gatherings of Aboriginal people for the annual government blanket distribution. The place has research potential as demonstrated in previous archaeological finds on the site. Aboriginal burials are also associated with the place. The showground site is a rare example of a place where large annual gatherings were held involving Aboriginal groups from surrounding districts and as far afield as the coast, the lower Lachlan and the Murrumbidgee Rivers. The cultural significance of these events continues to this day with the Aboriginal community demonstrating a strong connection to the place.

The showground is valued by the Queanbeyan community for its social and cultural associations having been used over a long period for agricultural shows and a variety of recreational uses. The showground has historic and aesthetic significance at a local level.

Queanbeyan Showground was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 15 March 2013 having satisfied the following criteria.

**The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.**

The Queanbeyan Showground site is of historical value as a traditional camping and gathering place for Aboriginal people. Records of large gatherings of Aboriginal people were recorded in the area as early as 1841 and specifically on the showground site in 1862. These annual gatherings were important cultural occasions which included corroborees such as the one documented in 1862. According to oral tradition the showground site was a campground for the ancestors of local Aboriginal people. The annual gatherings were significant as they were attended by Aboriginal groups from as far afield as the coast, the regions of the lower Lachlan and Murrumbidgee Rivers. The congregation of tribes was an important means to communicate, trade and arrange marriages and were ceremonial as well as celebratory occasions. The showground site is also historically significant as an Aboriginal burial place. The showground site as an area of open space used for recreational purposes is important as a product of the original square-mile plan for Queanbeyan and demonstrates 19th century planning processes, distinctive customs and land use. The Queanbeyan Showground is historically significant at a local level as a country showground.

**The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.**

The area of the Queanbeyan Showground is associated with the Ngambri Aboriginal community. As well as being a camping and burial place, it was also a gathering place during the annual government distribution of blankets in preparation for winter. The showground also has important historical associations at a local level through the annual Queanbeyan Show and with recreational uses including competitive sports and entertainment.

**The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.**

The grandstand is a good example of a grandstand c.1939 and together with the original entrance gates, has aesthetic value at a local level.

**The place has strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.**

The Queanbeyan Showground site is of high cultural significance to the Queanbeyan Aboriginal community. The local Aboriginal community has an oral tradition which demonstrates their cultural connection to this place through their ancestral history. Aboriginal people have strong connections to the place which are unchanged despite the century of recreational uses by the wider community. A sense of place and identity is embodied in the place. The showground is valued by the Queanbeyan community for its social and cultural associations having been used over a long period for agricultural shows and a variety of recreational uses.

**The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.**

Documented archaeological finds throughout the 20th century, together with records on the Aboriginal Heritage Information Management System of the Office and Environment and Heritage, indicate that Queanbeyan Showground has archaeological potential. Whilst the more recently found artefacts are thought to possibly have originated in fill material brought on to the site, there are records of a burial being found beneath the grandstand and another nearby in West Avenue. There are also records that refer to ceremonial objects being found on the site.

**The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.**

The site of Queanbeyan showground is a rare example of a well documented Aboriginal ceremonial and camping place that was used during the 19th century as well as prior to European settlement. The description of the corroboree held on the site in 1862 provides a rare insight into Aboriginal ceremonial practices in NSW in the 19th century.

**The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.**

The Showground site is an excellent example of an Aboriginal ceremonial and camping place in use both before and after European settlement. The place exemplifies the resilience of Aboriginal culture in the time of colonial expansion.

### Bibliography

* Jackson-Nakano, Ann (2010). *Queanbeyan Showground Aboriginal Place Nomination Report*.
* Jackson-Nakano, Ann (2001). *The Kamberri : A history of Aboriginal Families in the ACT and Surrounds*.
* O'Keefe, Brendan (2011). *Submission by Queanbeyan Heritage Committee*.
* Cox Architects & Planners in Association with Brendan O'Keefe (1998). *Queanbeyan Showground Heritage Study*.
* Lea-Scarlett, Errol (1968). *Queanbeyan: District and People*.
* Helen Cooke and Chris Bentley (1987). *Queanbeyan Showground Reserve AHIMS Data Sheet 57-2-65*.
* National Heritage Database. "Queanbeyan Showground Reserve".
* Newspaper 11 April 1861 and 5 April 1862 (1861). "The Golden Age".`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
* Queanbeyan City Council (2007). *Queanbeyan Showground Heritage Inventory Sheet*.
* Sue Feary and Patrick Saughnessy (1989). *Queanbeyan Showground Reserve AHIMS 57-2-64*.

### Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on Queanbeyan Showground, entry number 01890 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under CC-BY 4.0 licence, accessed on 2 June 2018.

Media related to Queanbeyan Showground at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Queanbeyan Showground | |
| --- | --- |
| Grandstand | |
| Location | 19-41 Farrer Place, Queanbeyan, Queanbeyan-Palerang Region, New South Wales, Australia |
| Coordinates | 35°21′24″S 149°13′51″E / 35.3566°S 149.2307°E / -35.3566; 149.2307 |
| Owner | Queanbeyan City Council |
|  | |
| New South Wales Heritage Register | |
| Official name | Queanbeyan Showground |
| Type | state heritage (complex / group) |
| Designated | 15 March 2013 |
| Reference no. | 1890 |
| Type | Other - Landscape - Cultural |
| Category | Aboriginal |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Queanbeyan Showground in New South Wales | |


title: Queanbeyan Nature Reserve

abstract: The Queanbeyan Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 67-hectare (170-acre) reserve is situated approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west-south-west of the City of Queanbeyan. The low, undulating terrain of the reserve supports remnants of two threatened ecological communities – Natural Temperate Grassland and grassy Box-Gum Woodland. A population of the threatened species Button wrinklewort Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides is present within the reserve, and the threatened species Golden Sun Moth Synemon plana has also been recorded. The reserve is managed by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service.

text:
# Queanbeyan Nature Reserve

The **Queanbeyan Nature Reserve** is a protected nature reserve that is located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 67-hectare (170-acre) reserve is situated approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west-south-west of the City of Queanbeyan.

The low, undulating terrain of the reserve supports remnants of two threatened ecological communities – Natural Temperate Grassland and grassy Box-Gum Woodland. A population of the threatened species Button wrinklewort *Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides* is present within the reserve, and the threatened species Golden Sun Moth *Synemon plana* has also been recorded.

The reserve is managed by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service.

## History

The Queanbeyan area is part of the traditional lands of the Ngunawal people. European settlement in the Queanbeyan area commenced in the 1820s and the township developed on the Queanbeyan River, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the current Queanbeyan Nature Reserve. The land now protected by the reserve was largely used for grazing sheep and cattle. Evidence of early settlement include a windbreak of large pines on the western boundary, dating to the early 1900s, and the site of a former dwelling and garden near the eastern boundary.

## Park establishment

The present northern section was dedicated as Queanbeyan Nature Reserve in March 1989, having been previously managed by Queanbeyan City Council as a Crown Reserve for Municipal Purposes which included the Queanbeyan rubbish tip. This section of the reserve is bordered by the Queanbeyan-Michelago tourist railway, horse paddocks, a residential area, and a former rubbish tip site. In 2004 The NSW Government gazetted a larger area of *circa* 64 hectares (160 acres) southern addition to the reserve – separate to and 0.275 metres (10.8 in) south of the existing northern section. This newer area, previously managed by the NSW Department of Housing, is bound by Lanyon Drive to the east, Hoover Road to the north and the Queanbeyan-Michelago tourist railway line to the west.

## Biology and ecology

### Ecological communities

#### Natural Temperate Grasslands

The Queanbeyan Nature Reserve protects remnant Natural Temperate Grassland, a community confined to the Southern Tablelands of NSW, within a region bounded by the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Yass, Boorowa, the Abercrombie River, Goulburn, the Great Eastern Escarpment, the Victorian border and the eastern boundary of Kosciuszko National Park. In an intact state Natural Temperate Grassland is a generally treeless community dominated by a range of perennial grass species and a diversity of herbaceous species. The community occurs at altitudes between 560 and 1,200 metres (1,840 and 3,940 ft) in valleys influenced by cold air drainage and in broad plains.

Since European settlement in the 1830s the distribution and condition of Natural Temperate Grassland has declined, initially due to extensive use for pastoral and agricultural activities and more recently as a result of a wide range of disturbances including grazing, application of fertilisers, introduction of exotic weed species, changed burning patterns, soil disturbance, changed drainage patterns, clearing for agriculture, plantation forestry, urban infrastructure and rural residential development. As a consequence, in 2000 Natural Temperate Grassland of the Southern Tablelands of NSW and the Australian Capital Territory was listed as Endangered under the *Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999*. Throughout its range, only 3% of the Natural Temperate Grassland remains in high ecological integrity, relative to its pre-European settlement extent.

Natural Temperate Grassland at Queanbeyan Nature Reserve occupies most of the larger, southern section but in the smaller, northern section occurs only as small patches. The remnant community at Queanbeyan Nature Reserve has been classified as Wallaby-grass – Tall Speargrass – Common Everlastings Tussock Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands bioregion. The community includes grass species such as Wallaby Grasses *Austrodanthonia* spp., Red Grass *Bothriochloa macra*, Tall Speargrass *Austrostipa bigeniculata*, Kangaroo Grass *Themeda australis*, and Poa Tussock *Poa labillardierei*, and herbaceous species such as Hoary Sunray *Leucochrysum albicans var. tricolor*, Blue Devil *Eryngium ovinum*, Leafy Daisy *Brachycome rigidula*, Tufted Bluebell *Wahlenbergia communis*, and Lemon Beautyheads *Calocephalus citreus*.

Among weeds recorded are St John's Wort *Hypericum perforatum*, Serrated Tussock *Nassella trichotoma*, African Lovegrass *Eragrostis curvula*, Phalaris *Phalaris aquatica*, Cocksfoot *Dactylis glomerata*, Sweet Briar *Rosa rubiginosa*, Tree Lucerne *Tagastaste* sp., Paterson's curse *Echium plantagineum*, Monterey Pine *Pinus radiata* and a variety of thistles.

### Box-Gum Woodland

The Queanbeyan Nature Reserve protects remnant White Box Yellow Box Blakely's Red Gum Woodland, which is commonly referred to as Box-Gum Woodland. The distribution of this community within NSW is from the Queensland border to the Victorian border, occurring in the tablelands and western slopes. In an intact state, Box-Gum Woodland is characterised by the presence of White Box *Eucalyptus albens*, Yellow Box *E. melliodora* and / or Blakely's Red Gum *E. blakelyi* occurring with a range of other species. The groundcover is characterised by native grasses and a high diversity of herbs, while understorey shrubs are generally sparse or absent, though they may be locally common.

Since European settlement, Box-Gum Woodland has been drastically reduced in area and highly fragmented because of clearance for cropping and pasture improvement (NSW Scientific Committee, 2002) and the community had been reduced to less than 1% of its original extent. As a consequence, in 2002 White Box Yellow Box Blakely's Red Gum Woodland was listed as Endangered under the NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995. In 2009 the community was listed as Critically Endangered under the *Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999*.

Remnant Box-Gum Woodland at Queanbeyan Nature Reserve occupies most of the smaller, northern section but occurs only as small, isolated patches in the larger, southern section. The overstorey includes Yellow Box, Blakely's Red Gum and Apple Box Eucalyptus bridgesiana. The shrubby understorey includes Early Wattle *Acacia genistifolia*, Hickory Wattle *A. implexa*, Green Wattle *A. mearnsii* and Golden Wattle *A. pycnantha*, and a number of other large shrubs such as Sweet Bursaria *Bursaria spinosa* subsp. *lasiophylla*, Burgan *Kunzea ericoides* and Violet Kunzea *Kunzea parvifolia*. Smaller shrubs include Native Cranberry *Astroloma humifusum*, Daphne Heath *Brachyloma daphnoides*, Peach Heath *Lissanthe strigosa* and Urn Heath *Melichrus urceolatus*. The grassy groundcover is fairly open, with many native grasses and forbs. Several species of lilies, daisies and legumes are present along with at least fifteen species of native grasses including *Austrodanthonia* spp., *Austrostipa* spp., Red Grass *Bothriochloa macra*, Tussock Grass *Poa sieberiana* and Kangaroo Grass *Themeda australis*.

Significant weeds recorded include St John's Wort *Hypericum perforatum*, Serrated Tussock *Nassella trichotoma*, African Lovegrass *Eragrostis curvula* and Phalaris *Phalaris aquatica*.

## Flora

### Button wrinklewort

In 1999 it was reported that Queanbeyan Nature Reserve protected some 10,000 specimens of Button wrinklewort. however the present number is likely to be closer to 27,000. Button wrinklewort is a multi-stemmed perennial forb which produces multiple flowering stems 15 to 30 centimetres (5.9 to 11.8 in) high during spring and summer. Each flower-head is on an individual short stalk and consists of numerous very small clustered yellow flowers. Populations of Button wrinklewort occur in south-east NSW and on the plains west of Melbourne. In the Southern Tablelands of NSW, populations of Button wrinklewort occur in Goulburn, the Canberra – Queanbeyan area and at Michelago. Evidence suggests that the species was formerly widespread within this range.

Button wrinklewort usually inhabits Natural Temperate Grassland, Box-Gum Woodland and the ecotone between these two communities. Since European settlement habitat for the species has been lost, degraded or fragmented as a result of activities such as grazing, cropping, residential and other developments, invasion by weeds and changes to natural fire regimes. Only 18 extant natural populations are known in NSW, and five populations are likely to have become extinct since they were first recorded. Remnant populations are now usually restricted to roadsides, travelling stock reserves, cemeteries railway easements and the occasional private landholding. Within NSW, natural populations of Button wrinklewort are formally conserved within Queanbeyan Nature Reserve, Crace Grassland Reserve (part of the Canberra Nature Park) and the Red Hill Section of Canberra Nature Park.

As a consequence, Button wrinklewort is listed as endangered under the *Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995* (NSW) and as endangered under the *Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999* (Cth).

## Fauna

### Golden Sun Moth

The Golden Sun Moth *Synemon plana* is a medium-sized, diurnal moth with a wingspan of between 31 millimetres (1.2 in) for females and 34 millimetres (1.3 in) for males. Populations of Golden Sun Moth in NSW are located in the area between Queanbeyan, Gunning, Young and Tumut. Historically the moth's distribution extended from Bathurst in central NSW through the NSW Southern Tablelands, through to central and western Victoria, to Bordertown in eastern South Australia.

Golden Sun Moth occurs in Natural Temperate Grasslands and grassy Box-Gum Woodlands, where the groundcover is dominated by Wallaby Grasses *Austrodanthonia* spp. The bare ground in inter-tussock spaces is considered to be an important micro-habitat for the species.

Larvae feed exclusively on the roots of wallaby grasses and adult Golden Sun Moths, which do not feed, live for only one to for days. The flight period usually lasts from six to eight weeks during November and December in the Queanbeyan region, and adult moths emerge continuously throughout this period. Males Golden Sun Moths fly only in bright sunshine during the warmest part of the day

Female Golden Sun Moth have reduced hind wings and rarely fly, though males are capable of active and prolonged flight. Male Golden Sun Moths will not fly greater than 100m away from areas of suitable habitat, therefore populations separated by more than 200m can be considered effectively isolated. Golden Sun Moth populations which have gone extinct, or vacant patches of suitable habitat, are highly unlikely to be recolonised. The loss and degradation of Natural Temperate Grassland and Box-Gum Woodland (as described above) throughout the original range of Golden Sun Moth has resulted in a significant reduction of suitable habitat. As a consequence, Golden Sun Moth is listed as Endangered under the *Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995* (NSW) and as Critically Endangered under the *Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999* (Cth).

## InfoBox

| Queanbeyan Nature Reserve
New South Wales | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
| Queanbeyan Nature Reserve | |
| Nearest town or city | Queanbeyan |
| Coordinates | 35°40′54″S 149°11′04″E / 35.68167°S 149.18444°E / -35.68167; 149.18444 |
| Established | March 1989 (1989-03) |
| Area | 0.67 km2 (0.3 sq mi) |
| Managing authorities | NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service |
| Website | Queanbeyan Nature Reserve |
| See also | Protected areas of
New South Wales |


title: Eminium

abstract:
Eminium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The genus ranges from Turkey and Egypt east to Central Asia. Usually they can be found growing in barren areas in sand or stony soil. The foliage of Eminium resembles Helicodiceros and its inflorescence and fruit resembles those of Biarum.
  - Species
  - Eminium albertii (Regel) Engl. - Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan
  - Eminium heterophyllum (Blume) Schott - Iran, Iraq, Turkey
  - Eminium intortum Kuntze - Turkey, Syria
  - Eminium jaegeri Bogner & P.C.Boyce - Iran
  - Eminium koenenianum Lobin & P.C.Boyce - Turkey
  - Eminium lehmannii (Bunge) Kuntze - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan
  - Eminium rauwolffii (Blume) Schott - Turkey, Syria
  - Eminium regelii Vved.  - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
  - Eminium spiculatum (Blume) Schott - Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran

text:
# Eminium

***Eminium*** is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The genus ranges from Turkey and Egypt east to Central Asia. Usually they can be found growing in barren areas in sand or stony soil. The foliage of *Eminium* resembles *Helicodiceros* and its inflorescence and fruit resembles those of *Biarum.*

Species 1. *Eminium albertii* (Regel) Engl. \- Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan
2. *Eminium heterophyllum* (Blume) Schott \- Iran, Iraq, Turkey
3. *Eminium intortum* (Banks & Sol.) Kuntze \- Turkey, Syria
4. *Eminium jaegeri* Bogner & P.C.Boyce \- Iran
5. *Eminium koenenianum* Lobin & P.C.Boyce \- Turkey
6. *Eminium lehmannii* (Bunge) Kuntze \- Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan
7. *Eminium rauwolffii* (Blume) Schott \- Turkey, Syria
8. *Eminium regelii* Vved. \- Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
9. *Eminium spiculatum* (Blume) Schott \- Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran

## InfoBox

| *Eminium* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Eminium intortum* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Alismatales |
| Family: | Araceae |
| Subfamily: | Aroideae |
| Tribe: | Areae |
| Genus: | *Eminium*<br>Schott |
|
|  | |
| Range of the genus *Eminium*. | |
| Synonyms | |
| *Helicophyllum* Schott | |


title: Emily Morgan Hotel (San Antonio)

abstract: The Emily Morgan Hotel, formerly known as the Medical Arts Building, is a 13-story Neo-Gothic hotel near the Alamo and part of the Alamo Plaza Historic District in San Antonio, Texas. Built in 1924 and standing 205 feet (60 m) tall, it was the tallest building in San Antonio until the Milam Building surpassed it in 1928. It is known for being one of the most haunted locations in San Antonio.

text:
# Emily Morgan Hotel (San Antonio)

The **Emily Morgan Hotel**, formerly known as the **Medical Arts Building**, is a 13-story Neo-Gothic hotel near the Alamo and part of the Alamo Plaza Historic District in San Antonio, Texas. Built in 1924 and standing 205 feet (60 m) tall, it was the tallest building in San Antonio until the Milam Building surpassed it in 1928. It is known for being one of the most haunted locations in San Antonio.

## History

The building was originally built and designed by architect Ralph Cameron in 1924 as the Medical Arts Building. It housed doctors' offices and a 50-bed hospital. After a succession of owners and the move of the medical facilities elsewhere, it was converted to office space in 1976. In 1984 the building was remodeled and renamed to the Emily Morgan Hotel. The conversion gutted and completely rebuilt the interior of the structure, but kept the exterior elements intact. In 2012 the building went under a multi-million dollar renovation and was bought by the DoubleTree brand of Hilton. It is recognized as a "Historic Hotel of America" by the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

29°25′35.7″N 98°29′08.7″W / 29.426583°N 98.485750°W / 29.426583; -98.485750

## InfoBox

| Emily Morgan Hotel | |
| --- | --- |
| View of the hotel from below | |
|  | |
| Former names | Medical Arts Building |
| General information | |
| Location | 705 E Houston Street, San Antonio, Texas |
| Coordinates | 29°25′36″N 98°29′09″W / 29.42658°N 98.48575°W / 29.42658; -98.48575 |
| Completed | 1924 |
| Website | |
| emilymorganhotel.com | |


title: Empodium

abstract:
Empodium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypoxidaceae, first described in 1866. It grows from a small corm which produces lance-shaped or pleated and sometimes hairy, star-shaped flowers and leaves with 10–30 centimetres (4–12 in) long in Autumn season. The genus is native to winter-rainfall areas in South Africa, Eswatini, Lesotho, and Namibia.
  - Species
  - Empodium elongatum (Nel) B.L.Burtt – Lesotho, Eswatini, Lesotho
  - Empodium flexile (Nel) M.F.Thomps. ex Snijman – Cape Province
  - Empodium gloriosum (Nel) B.L.Burtt – Cape Province
  - Empodium monophyllum (Nel) B.L.Burtt – KwaZulu-Natal, Eswatini
  - Empodium namaquensis (Baker) M.F.Thomps. – Cape Province
  - Empodium plicatum (Thunb.) Garside – Cape Province
  - Empodium veratrifolium (Willd.) M.F.Thomps. – Cape Province

text:
# Empodium

***Empodium*** is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypoxidaceae, first described in 1866. It grows from a small corm which produces lance-shaped or pleated and sometimes hairy, star-shaped flowers and leaves with 10–30 centimetres (4–12 in) long in Autumn season. The genus is native to winter-rainfall areas in South Africa, Eswatini, Lesotho, and Namibia.

Species 1. *Empodium elongatum* (Nel) B.L.Burtt – Lesotho, Eswatini, Lesotho
2. *Empodium flexile* (Nel) M.F.Thomps. ex SnijmanCape Province
3. *Empodium gloriosum* (Nel) B.L.Burtt – Cape Province
4. *Empodium monophyllum* (Nel) B.L.BurttKwaZulu-Natal, Eswatini
5. *Empodium namaquensis* (Baker) M.F.Thomps. – Cape Province
6. *Empodium plicatum* (Thunb.) Garside – Cape Province
7. *Empodium veratrifolium* (Willd.) M.F.Thomps. – Cape Province

## InfoBox

| *Empodium* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Empodium plicatum* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Hypoxidaceae |
| Genus: | *Empodium*<br>Salisb. |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Fabricia* Thunb. 1779, illegitimate, not Adans. 1763 nor Scop. 1777 * *Forbesia* Eckl. ex Nel | |


abstract: Elmwood Township is located in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,598 and it contained 1,094 housing units.

text:
# Elmwood Township, Peoria County, Illinois

**Elmwood Township** is located in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,598 and it contained 1,094 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 36.55 square miles (94.7 km2), of which 36.1 square miles (93 km2) (or 98.77%) is land and 0.45 square miles (1.2 km2) (or 1.23%) is water.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016 (est.) | 2,570 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

1. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
2. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place -- 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved May 28, 2013.
3. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.

40°46′16″N 89°56′44″W / 40.771127°N 089.945621°W / 40.771127; -089.945621

## InfoBox

| Elmwood Township | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
| Location in Peoria County | |
| Peoria County's location in Illinois | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Peoria |
| Established | November 6, 1849 |
| Area | |
| Total | 36.55 sq mi (94.7 km2) |
| Land | 36.1 sq mi (93 km2) |
| Water | 0.45 sq mi (1.2 km2)  1.23% |
| Population (2010) | |
| Estimate (2016) | 2,570 |
| Density | 72/sq mi (28/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| FIPS code | 17-143-23711 |


title: Emily Vanhoutte

abstract: Emily Patricia Vanhoutte is a Belgian model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Exclusive 2014 and she represented Belgium at Miss Earth 2014. She is the first Belgian delegate to Miss Earth by Miss Exclusive.

text:
# Emily Vanhoutte

**Emily Patricia Vanhoutte** (born 27 December 1994) is a Belgian model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Exclusive 2014 and she represented Belgium at Miss Earth 2014. She is the first Belgian delegate to Miss Earth by Miss Exclusive.

## Biography

### Early life

Emily has been into dancing from she was a kid. She danced in different types such as hip-hop, jazz and disco. In addition to that, Emily said, "You have to work hard to reach your goals. If you don’t fight for your dreams you will never have it. I learned that really young because my parents had a big passion and they have achieved this. Every day you have to fight and work hard to follow your passion and what you love to do. I learned to have respect for others. The respect you have to earn. If you don’t have respect for people you will never have it back. You have to accept who you are and what you have. If you want it different you have to take action to change it. Equality is very important and my parents learned me that from day 1. If you have another color of hair, skin or you are straight, gay or bisexual. Everybody is human and have to have respect and the life they want. Don’t judge people from the outside because the inside can be wonderful", as published in Miss Earth's official website.

### Miss Exclusive 2013

Emily won the title of Miss Exclusive 2014 and got the title of Miss Earth Belgium as well and would compete in the Miss Earth pageant.

### Miss Earth 2014

> "My passion will bring me to the highest level and my goal is to be the best Miss Earth you will ever have."

—Emily's message for Miss Earth.

By winning Miss Earth Belgium title, Emily flew to the Philippines in November 2014 to compete with among other 84 candidates to be Alyz Henrich's successor as Miss Earth.

As a Miss Earth delegate, an environmental advocacy is a must. Based from Miss Earth's website, Emliy's advocacy is composed of four different projects. "1. I helped cleaning beaches. It’s really important because the pollution of the sea starts at the beach. Mainly after the summer the beach is really strewn with waste. The waste gets into the sea and damage a lot. The animals eat the waste, they get sick and it comes in our food chain. 2 important things why I do it. To save the animals and to have a healthy life. Every particle i can clean is a particle who don’t come in to the sea and saves a lot of damages. 2.taking care of animals was and is my next project. I worked together with Ark Van Pollare who saves the chicken from the factory where they lay eggs. Ark Van Pollare saves the chickens because they don’t have wings and normally they have to go to slaughterhouses. Ark Van Pollare give them a new home where they can live a normal life. 3. I support transportation by bike in the big cities. Its important to leave the car inside and take the bike to transport you. In the big cities they have bikes you can rent for a low price. I promote this because exhaust gases are the main sources of air pollution. Actually, many people are exposed to exhaust emissions every day in different ways: motor vehicles running on fuel and diesel, trains, ships, electric generators, factories and plants. When you take the bike and leave your car at home you reduce the air pollution and save our planet. 4. I did a campaign to promote windmills. A windmill is a machine that converts the energy of wind. Green energy is important to save the health of our planet. Clean electricity generated from the wind is important for our future but also for our planet."

At the conclusion of the pageant, she was not called as part of the semifinals. The Miss Earth 2014 title was won by Jamie Herrell of the Philippines.

## InfoBox

| Emily Patricia Vanhoutte | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1994-12-27) 27 December 1994
Linden, Belgium |
| **Beauty pageant titleholder** | |
| Title | Miss Exclusive 2014 |
| Hair color | Blonde |
| Eye color | Blue |
| Major
competition(s) | Miss Earth 2014
Miss Exclusive 2014
(Winner)
Miss Belgium 2016
(3rd Runner-Up) |
|  | |


title: Elyssa East

abstract: Elyssa East is an American nonfiction writer. She is the author of the creative nonfiction book Dogtown: Death and Enchantment in a New England Ghost Town, which chronicles a murder that occurred in an area known as Dogtown, Massachusetts, just outside Gloucester, in 1984. As part of her research for the book, East interviewed the murderer, Peter Hodgkins, in prison. This nonfiction book won the 2010 L. L. Winship/P.E.N. New England Award and has been critically reviewed. According to East, the book was inspired in part by the paintings of Dogtown by Marsden Hartley. East grew up in Marietta, Georgia.

text:
# Elyssa East

**Elyssa East** is an American nonfiction writer. She is the author of the creative nonfiction book *Dogtown: Death and Enchantment in a New England Ghost Town*, which chronicles a murder that occurred in an area known as Dogtown, Massachusetts, just outside Gloucester, in 1984. As part of her research for the book, East interviewed the murderer, Peter Hodgkins, in prison. This nonfiction book won the 2010 L. L. Winship/P.E.N. New England Award and has been critically reviewed. According to East, the book was inspired in part by the paintings of Dogtown by Marsden Hartley.

East grew up in Marietta, Georgia.

## Awards and honors


title: Elysé Ratsiraka

abstract: Elysé Ratsiraka is a Malagasy politician and a medical practitioner. He was the Minister of Energy in the government Vital after the 2009 Coup d'Etat. He is the Vice-President of the MAPAR party. He was the brother of former Malagasy President Didier Ratsiraka. In 2015 he was elected Mayor of Toamasina until his destitution in 2019. He was condemned to pay a fine of 6 million Ariary in January 2023 by the anti-corruption court for having sold illegally properties belonging to the city.

text:
# Elysé Ratsiraka

**Elysé Ratsiraka** is a Malagasy politician and a medical practitioner.

He was the Minister of Energy in the government Vital after the 2009 Coup d'Etat. He is the Vice-President of the MAPAR party. He was the brother of former Malagasy President Didier Ratsiraka.

In 2015 he was elected Mayor of Toamasina until his destitution in 2019.

He was condemned to pay a fine of 6 million Ariary in January 2023 by the anti-corruption court for having sold illegally properties belonging to the city.


title: Elysé Razafindrakoto

abstract: Elysé Razafindrakoto is a retired Malagasy football defender.

text:
# Elysé Razafindrakoto

**Elysé Razafindrakoto** (born 12 June 1974) is a retired Malagasy football defender.

## InfoBox

Elysé Razafindrakoto
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1974-06-12) 12 June 1974 | | |
| Position(s) | defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1995–1998 | AS Port |  |  |
| 1999 | AS Fortior |  |  |
| 2000 | AS Port |  |  |
| 2001–2002 | USCA Foot |  |  |
| 2003–2009 | Léopards de Transfoot |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1998–2003 | Madagascar | 10 | (1) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Emurua Dikirr Constituency

abstract: Emurua Dikirr is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of six constituencies of Narok County. The constituency was established for the 2013 elections. Since the 2013 Kenyan General Elections, Johana Kipyegon Ngeno represented the constituency in the Kenyan National Assembly. Ngeno was re-elected in 2017 as a coalition member of The Eagle Coalition and is the current Member of Parliament. the constituency has 95% christians and 2% muslims(most of them living in Chebaibai near Murkan).It is located in Narok county and famously known as Transmara East. Johana was reelected in 2022 as the MP.Its backbone is the growing of swee tpotoes. The area is predominantly inhabited by Kipsigis community which with few others mainly in businesses and working there.There has been high tension in terms of politics since but has never disrupted peace.

text:
# Emurua Dikirr Constituency

**Emurua Dikirr** is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of six constituencies of Narok County. The constituency was established for the 2013 elections. Since the 2013 Kenyan General Elections, Johana Kipyegon Ngeno represented the constituency in the Kenyan National Assembly. Ngeno was re-elected in 2017 as a coalition member of The Eagle Coalition and is the current Member of Parliament. the constituency has 95% christians and 2% muslims(most of them living in Chebaibai near Murkan).It is located in Narok county and famously known as Transmara East. Johana was reelected in 2022 as the MP.Its backbone is the growing of swee tpotoes . The area is predominantly inhabited by Kipsigis community which with few others mainly in businesses and working there.There has been high tension in terms of politics since but has never disrupted peace.


title: Emus Can't Walk Backwards

abstract: Emus Can't Walk Backwards is the sequel to Robert Anwood's 2006 book Bears Can't Run Downhill. As with the first book, it investigates so-called pub facts.

text:
# Emus Can't Walk Backwards

***Emus Can't Walk Backwards*** is the sequel to Robert Anwood's 2006 book *Bears Can't Run Downhill*. As with the first book, it investigates so-called pub facts.

## InfoBox

Emus Can't Walk Backwards
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Robert Anwood |
| Illustrator | Sarah Nayler |
| Publisher | Ebury Press |
| Publication date | 2007 |
| Media type | Print |
| Pages | 256 |
| ISBN | 978-0-09-192151-4 |
| OCLC | 137312843 |


title: Quercus vicentensis

abstract: Quercus vicentensis is a species of oak tree in the family Fagaceae, native to southern Mexico and northern Central America. It is placed in section Quercus.

text:
# Quercus vicentensis

***Quercus vicentensis*** is a species of oak tree in the family Fagaceae, native to southern Mexico and northern Central America. It is placed in section *Quercus*.

## Distribution and habitat

*Quercus vicentensis* is endemic to forest habitats in southern Mexico (Chiapas, Jalisco, Guerrero, Michoacán, and Oaxaca states), El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras.

It grows in humid montane forests between 1,200–1,900 metres (3,900–6,200 ft) elevation.

## Conservation

*Quercus vicentensis* is threatened with habitat loss from extensive deforestation throughout its range.

## InfoBox

| *Quercus vicentensis* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Fagaceae |
| Genus: | *Quercus* |
| Subgenus: | *Quercus subg. Quercus* |
| Section: | *Quercus sect. Quercus* |
| Species: | ***Q. vicentensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Quercus vicentensis***
Trel. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Quercus comasaguana* Trel. * *Quercus siltepecana* Matuda | |


title: Ruixiang X5

abstract: The Ruixiang X5 is a five to seven-seat Mid-size crossover SUV produced by Ruixiang, a sub-brand of Yinxiang Group and BAIC Motor.

text:
# Ruixiang X5

The **Ruixiang X5** is a five to seven-seat Mid-size crossover SUV produced by Ruixiang, a sub-brand of Yinxiang Group and BAIC Motor.

## History

In June 2020, declaration information of a crossover SUV called the Wojie TX7 was obtained from the Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The same vehicle was actually declared to have belonged to Weichai Motor. Through the updated information, it was understood that Weichai may launch another new brand called WOJIE, with the TX7 being the brand's first new car. One year later in June 2021, declaration information of a crossover SUV called the Ruixiang X5 declared to have belonged to Yinxiang Group surfaced just days after the Ruixiang brand reveal. The Yinxiang Group later revealed that the company name is now Ruixiang.

## Powertrain

The Ruixiang X5 is powered by a 1.5 liter inline-four turbo engine producing 156Ps and 115 kW, with the engine mated to either a six-speed manual gearbox or a six-speed automatic gearbox.

## InfoBox

| Ruixiang X5 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Ruixiang-Yinxiang Group |
| Also called | VGV TX7
Max Motor Tiara (Iran) |
| Production | 2021–present |
| Model years | 2022–present |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Mid-size crossover SUV |
| Body style | 5-door hatchback |
| Layout | FF |
| Related | Traum SEEK5 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1.5L Turbo I4 |
| Transmission | 6-speed automatic
6-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,815 mm (110.8 in) |
| Length | 4,788 mm (188.5 in) |
| Width | 1,875 mm (73.8 in) |
| Height | 1,730 mm (68.1 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,560–1,610 kg (3,439–3,549 lb) |


title: East-Central Kansas

abstract:
East-Central Kansas is a region of Kansas. It is located between the Kansas City metropolitan area and Southeast Kansas, and on the border with Missouri. The region extends westward towards the Flint Hills to Lyon County. East-Central Kansas geographically features rolling hills and deep forested river valleys. The main crop of this predominantly agricultural region is corn. The area is more forested and more moist compared to the rest of the state. East-Central Kansas is rich with state history, as many locations of this region saw battles in Bleeding Kansas, and the infamous abolitionist John Brown and his men battled in Osawatomie. Much of the area is powered by Wolf Creek Nuclear Generating Station which is located near Burlington. The most populous cities of the region include Emporia, Ottawa, Paola, Osawatomie, Garnett, Osage City, Burlington, and Louisburg. The region consists of the following seven counties:
  - Anderson
  - Coffey
  - Franklin
  - Linn
  - Lyon
  - Miami
  - Osage

text:
# East-Central Kansas

**East-Central Kansas** is a region of Kansas. It is located between the Kansas City metropolitan area and Southeast Kansas, and on the border with Missouri. The region extends westward towards the Flint Hills to Lyon County. East-Central Kansas geographically features rolling hills and deep forested river valleys. The main crop of this predominantly agricultural region is corn. The area is more forested and more moist compared to the rest of the state. East-Central Kansas is rich with state history, as many locations of this region saw battles in Bleeding Kansas, and the infamous abolitionist John Brown and his men battled in Osawatomie. Much of the area is powered by Wolf Creek Nuclear Generating Station which is located near Burlington. The most populous cities of the region include Emporia, Ottawa, Paola, Osawatomie, Garnett, Osage City, Burlington, and Louisburg.

The region consists of the following seven counties:

* The Little Ozarks, which partly overlaps with East-Central Kansas.

38°35′N 95°15′W / 38.583°N 95.250°W / 38.583; -95.250


title: Bubisa Wind Power Station

abstract: The Bubisa Wind Power Station is a planned 300 megawatts wind power energy project, in Kenya. The power station is owned and under development by Gitson Energy, an independent power producer (IPP), owned by Kenyans in the diaspora. The project received initial regulatory approval in 2010. However, land acquisition delays, followed by backtracking by the Kenyan government, forced the owner/investor to go to court for redress. In the fourth quarter of calendar year 2021, the Kenya High Court, sitting in the city of Mombasa, restored the rights of the owner/investor to proceed with development of the power station.

text:
# Bubisa Wind Power Station

The **Bubisa Wind Power Station** is a planned 300 megawatts wind power energy project, in Kenya. The power station is owned and under development by *Gitson Energy*, an independent power producer (IPP), owned by Kenyans in the diaspora. The project received initial regulatory approval in 2010. However, land acquisition delays, followed by backtracking by the Kenyan government, forced the owner/investor to go to court for redress. In the fourth quarter of calendar year 2021, the Kenya High Court, sitting in the city of Mombasa, restored the rights of the owner/investor to proceed with development of the power station.

## Location

The wind farm would be located near the settlement of *Bubisa*, in Marsabit County, in Kenya's arid northwest. Bubisa is located approximately 47 kilometres (29 mi) northeast of the town of Marsabit, where the county headquarters are located. Bubisa is located approximately 198 kilometres (123 mi), southwest of Moyale, Kenya, at the international border with Ethiopia. Bubisa is approximately 576 kilometres (358 mi) north of Nairobi, Kenya's capital city.

## Overview

The planned generation capacity of this wind farm is 300 megawatts. Delays in the land acquisition process and then withdrawal of licensing, after it was granted, delayed commencement of construction since 2010.

A court ruling in November 2021, directed regulatory agencies within the Government of Kenya, to issue unencumbered licenses to *Gitson Energy*, the owner/developer of this wind farm.

Back in 2010, the plan was to build a new 200 kilometres (124 mi) high voltage power line from Bubisa to join the Loiyangalani–Suswa High Voltage Power Line and evacuate the energy generated at this power station. The power would be sold to Kenya Power and Lighting.

## Funding

Initially, the World Bank had agreed to provide funding for this renewable energy project. In 2012, the World Bank pulled out of this deal.

Gitson Energy has been promised funding from various sources, including (a) the Export–Import Bank of the United States (b) the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, which today is the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation.

## InfoBox

| Bubisa Wind Power Station | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Bubisa, Marsabit County, Kenya |
| Coordinates | 02°42′49″N 38°04′59″E / 2.71361°N 38.08306°E / 2.71361; 38.08306 |
| Status | Proposed |
| Commission date | 2026 Expected |
| Owners | *Gitson Energy* |
| Power generation | |
| Nameplate capacity | 300MW |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: Urs Pedraita

abstract: Urs Pedraita is a Swiss motorcycle pilot, adventurer and known for his long distance records. In 2013 he was the first to traverse the Siberian Taiga with a motorcycle, without a sidecar. A total of 14,400 km from Bern, Switzerland to Vladivostok, Russia in only 37 days with daytime temperatures down to -42 degree Celsius. His next project was in 2014 when he circled the earth with his motorcycle starting from Bern, Switzerland in only 16 days, 12 hours and 19 minutes. On February 19, 2015, he and his team planned to ride the motorcycle with an escort vehicle from Zürich, Switzerland to the North Cape, Norway and back in 106 hours. This record attempt failed after 53 hours in Stockholm due to insufficient strength to get back to Zurich. In 2016 the adventurer and long distance motorcyclist Urs Pedraita, alias Grisu Grizzly traversed as the first man all continents on their longest axis. With land driving time of 72 days, 12 hours and a distance of 78,889 km he broke the world record. Completely on his own and without any escort or support from local organisations, he rode through the continents America, Australia, Afrika, Europe and Asia. Start was on March 11 2016 in Daytona Beach, FL USA and the finish was also in Daytona Beach, FL USA on July 10 2016. Grizzly was followed by millions of people worldwide on the internet, being equipped with two GPS transponders/trackers, one mounted on the bike and one on his body. Flight travel was chosen for ocean/sea crossings with a set time of 119 days, 6 hours and a distance of 121,600 km for a total traveling time.

text:
# Urs Pedraita

**Urs Pedraita** is a Swiss motorcycle pilot, adventurer and known for his long distance records.

In 2013 he was the first to traverse the Siberian Taiga with a motorcycle, without a sidecar. A total of 14,400 km from Bern, Switzerland to Vladivostok, Russia in only 37 days with daytime temperatures down to -42 degree Celsius.

His next project was in 2014 when he circled the earth with his motorcycle starting from Bern, Switzerland in only 16 days, 12 hours and 19 minutes.

On February 19, 2015, he and his team planned to ride the motorcycle with an escort vehicle from Zürich, Switzerland to the North Cape, Norway and back in 106 hours. This record attempt failed after 53 hours in Stockholm due to insufficient strength to get back to Zurich.

In 2016 the adventurer and long distance motorcyclist Urs Pedraita, alias Grisu Grizzly traversed as the first man all continents on their longest axis. With land driving time of 72 days, 12 hours and a distance of 78,889 km he broke the world record.

Completely on his own and without any escort or support from local organisations, he rode through the continents America, Australia, Afrika, Europe and Asia. Start was on March 11 2016 in Daytona Beach, FL USA and the finish was also in Daytona Beach, FL USA on July 10 2016. Grizzly was followed by millions of people worldwide on the internet, being equipped with two GPS transponders/trackers, one mounted on the bike and one on his body.

Flight travel was chosen for ocean/sea crossings with a set time of 119 days, 6 hours and a distance of 121,600 km for a total traveling time.


title: Punjas Rugby Series

abstract: The Punjas Rugby Series was a rugby union challenge series played between Fiji A and Tonga A. It was sponsored by Fijian company Punja & Sons and played in Fiji in 2010 and 2011. There was some discussion about expanding the series to include teams from Samoa, the Cook Islands and Papua New Guinea, but this did not eventuate and the series ended after the 2011 edition.

text:
# Punjas Rugby Series

The **Punjas Rugby Series** was a rugby union challenge series played between Fiji A and Tonga A. It was sponsored by Fijian company Punja & Sons and played in Fiji in 2010 and 2011. There was some discussion about expanding the series to include teams from Samoa, the Cook Islands and Papua New Guinea, but this did not eventuate and the series ended after the 2011 edition.

## Punjas Rugby Series 2010

| Fiji Warriors | 13–27 | Tonga A |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Mocetadra
**Con:** Rawaqa (1/1)
**Pen:** Rawaqa (2) | Report | **Try:** Feʻao
Vaiomoʻunga
**Con:** Palu (1/2)
**Pen:** Palu (5) |

---

| Fiji Warriors | 21–3 | Tonga A |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Pen:** Rawaqa (7) | Report | **Pen:** Palu (1) |

* Fiji A won the series 34–30 on aggregate.

## Punjas Rugby Series 2011

| Fiji Warriors | 27–12 | Tonga A |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

---

| Fiji Warriors | 20–32 | Tonga A |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

* *Fiji A won the series 47–44 on aggregate.*


title: Epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic 3

abstract: Epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EJM3 gene.

text:
# Epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic 3

**Epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic 3** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EJM3 gene.

## InfoBox

| EJM3 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | Epilepsyjuvenile myoclonic 3 | | |
| External IDs | GeneCards: ; OMA:\- orthologs | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     n/a   n/a   RefSeq (protein)     n/a   n/a   Location (UCSC) n/a n/a  PubMed search  n/a | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human | | | |


title: Curtil-sous-Burnand

abstract: Curtil-sous-Burnand is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

text:
# Curtil-sous-Burnand

**Curtil-sous-Burnand** is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

## InfoBox

| Curtil-sous-Burnand | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The church in Curtil-sous-Burnand | |
|  | |
| Location of Curtil-sous-Burnand | |
| Curtil-sous-BurnandCurtil-sous-Burnand | |
| Coordinates: 46°34′59″N 4°38′03″E / 46.5831°N 4.6342°E / 46.5831; 4.6342 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Saône-et-Loire |
| Arrondissement | Chalon-sur-Saône |
| Canton | Cluny |
| Area**1** | 8.34 km2 (3.22 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 136 |
| Density | 16/km2 (42/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 71164 /71460 |
| Elevation | 209–402 m (686–1,319 ft)
(avg. 260 m or 850 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Chronicle: Volume Two

abstract: Chronicle: Volume Two, also known by the title including its subtitle as Chronicle: Volume Two - Twenty Great CCR Classics, is a compilation album by Creedence Clearwater Revival, released by Fantasy Records in November 1986. The collection follows Chronicle: The 20 Greatest Hits (1976), which includes all of the CCR's charted hits and remains the band's best-selling album. The LP version of Chronicle: Volume Two contains an edited version of "Molina", removing the final saxophone solo.

text:
# Chronicle: Volume Two

***Chronicle: Volume Two***, also known by the title including its subtitle as ***Chronicle: Volume Two - Twenty Great CCR Classics***, is a compilation album by Creedence Clearwater Revival, released by Fantasy Records in November 1986. The collection follows *Chronicle: The 20 Greatest Hits* (1976), which includes all of the CCR's charted hits and remains the band's best-selling album.

The LP version of *Chronicle: Volume Two* contains an edited version of "Molina", removing the final saxophone solo.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by John Fogerty, except where noted

| No. | Title | Album | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Walk on the Water" (J. C. Fogerty, Tom Fogerty) | *Creedence Clearwater Revival* (1968) | 4:39 |
| 2. | "Susie Q" (Pt. 2) | *Creedence Clearwater Revival* | 4:00 |
| 3. | "Born on the Bayou" | *Bayou Country* (1969) | 5:15 |
| 4. | "Good Golly Miss Molly" (Robert "Bumps" Blackwell, John Marascalco) | *Bayou Country* | 2:43 |
| 5. | "Tombstone Shadow" | *Green River* (1969) | 3:35 |
| 6. | "Wrote a Song for Everyone" | *Green River* | 4:53 |
| 7. | "Night Time Is the Right Time" (Lew Herman) | *Green River* | 3:05 |
| 8. | "Cotton Fields" (Huddie Ledbetter) | *Willy and the Poor Boys (1969)* | 2:56 |
| 9. | "It Came Out of the Sky" | *Willy and the Poor Boys* | 2:57 |
| 10. | "Don't Look Now (It Ain't You or Me)" | *Willy and the Poor Boys* | 2:08 |
| 11. | "The Midnight Special" (Traditional; arr. J. C. Fogerty) | *Willy and the Poor Boys* | 4:10 |
| 12. | "Before You Accuse Me" (Ellas McDaniel) | *Cosmo's Factory* (1970) | 3:25 |
| 13. | "My Baby Left Me" (Arthur Crudup) | *Cosmo's Factory* | 2:15 |
| 14. | "Pagan Baby" | *Pendulum* (1970) | 6:25 |
| 15. | "(Wish I Could) Hideaway" | *Pendulum* | 3:40 |
| 16. | "It's Just a Thought" | *Pendulum* | 3:46 |
| 17. | "Molina" (vinyl releases feature edited version 2:05; CD version is full 2:41) | *Pendulum* | 2:41 |
| 18. | "Born to Move" | *Pendulum* | 5:39 |
| 19. | "Lookin' for a Reason" | *Mardi Gras* (1972) | 3:23 |
| 20. | "Hello Mary Lou" (Gene Pitney) | *Mardi Gras* | 2:15 |
| Total length: | | | 73:55 |

## Personnel

*Per liner notes*

## InfoBox

| Chronicle: Volume Two | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Greatest hits album by Creedence Clearwater Revival | |
| Released | November 1986 (1986-11) |
| Recorded | 1968–1972 |
| Length | 73:55 |
| Label | Fantasy |
| Producer | John Fogerty |
| Creedence Clearwater Revival chronology | |
| *At the Movies*
(1985) ***Chronicle: Volume Two***
(1986) *Creedence Clearwater Revival: Box Set*
(2001) | |


title: Porto Digital

abstract: Porto Digital, also known as The Porto Digital Science Park, or Digital Porto, is an initiative in Recife, Brazil that aims to foster technological innovation in the Northeast region of Brazil. It began in July 2000 on the island of Recife Antigo, where the port from the time of the 17th century Dutch occupation of the area was located. Porto Digital has grown steadily since 2000, reporting more than 330 technology companies that employ more than 11,000 people and housing 800 entrepreneurs within the zone by 2020.

text:
# Porto Digital

**Porto Digital**, also known as **The Porto Digital Science Park**, or **Digital Porto**, is an initiative in Recife, Brazil that aims to foster technological innovation in the Northeast region of Brazil. It began in July 2000 on the island of Recife Antigo, where the port from the time of the 17th century Dutch occupation of the area was located. Porto Digital has grown steadily since 2000, reporting more than 330 technology companies that employ more than 11,000 people and housing 800 entrepreneurs within the zone by 2020.

## History and development

Porto Digital was created in Recife in July 2000 as a result of a joint effort of the Pernambuco state government, private sector and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). Most of the funding for the creation of Porto Digital came from the privatization of CELPE, the state's electricity company. The companies and incubators that form the science park are mostly housed in buildings on the island that is known as Old Recife.

Porto Digital hosts K.E.S.A.R., (Kill, Electronic, Security, Architecture, Rick), Brazil's most innovative R&D institute according to a federal government assessment in 2004. The science park was evaluated as the largest in Brazil in 2005 by AT Kearney and in 2007, 2011 and 2015 won the prize for best Brazilian Science Park, given by the Brazilian Association of Science Parks and Business Incubators (ANPROTEC). It was described in 2013 as a coordinated effort between the federal and state governments, becoming an economic keystone in Pernambuco state since its start in 2000.

Porto Digital is a member of the International Association of Science Parks and Areas of Innovation (IASP), an NGO in special consultative status with the UN, and hosted the association's 30th World Conference, "IASP Recife" in 2013.

## Government investments

The local and federal government do not directly pool resources in order to invest in the park, they offer however a certain amount of fiscal incentives to its companies. The biggest ones are a discount of up to 60 per cent on the ISS, a sort of municipal services tax and the "Lei de Informática" (Leis 8.248/91, 10.176/01 e 11.077/04) which concedes reduction of the IPI taxes for companies which develop hardware and automation solutions. In a country with one of the world's most onerous tax systems, fiscal incentives are a significant factor for the success of a tech hub in the region. The incentives are not only tax reductions but also labour incentives, since they reduce bureaucracy and costs involved in the process of hiring new workforce.

## Corporate partnerships

The business incubator and innovation center, Recife Center for Advanced Studies and Systems (C.E.S.A.R), is the largest business in Porto Digital and serves as a flagship company for the technological park. One of the reasons for the success of Porto Digital is the high-skilled workforce delivered by the Center of Informatics (CIn) of the Federal University of Pernambuco, (UFPE). Sergio Cavalcante, CEO of C.E.S.A.R., is also a professor at CIn, demonstrating a close relationship between industry and academy. The university also offers an "Entrepreneurship Project" course, "Projetao", which helps students develop innovative ideas and turn them into products. Many of the products developed for this course have eventually become real products sold by start-ups. For example, In Loco Media (previously UBee) developed an accurate indoor location app that powers its mobile advertising network. Porto Digital is also a research development center for international clients like Fiat Chrysler Automobiles.

## Goals of Porto Digital

Porto Digital articulates its development strategy in the form of 10-year plans. Its main stated objective is to be the best environment in the country for disruptive innovation and entrepreneurship in IT-related areas and creative industries. Locally, it intends to be an anchor for the sustainable development of the Pernambuco economy. Porto Digital's first strategic goal was to have 20,000 professionals employed and the aggregated value of 400 innovative enterprises by 2020. To achieve these goals, Porto Digital developed 40 articulated projects in 6 strategic areas:

1. Increase the capacity of Porto Digital to attract new investments and to strengthen the competitiveness of the businesses in the technological park;
2. Integration of Porto Digital with sectors of the economy that lack appropriate technological support;
3. National expansion and internationalization of Porto Digital;
4. Strengthening of the image and brand of the technological park;
5. Actions to promote social, economic and environmental sustainability;
6. Strengthening of the technical and managerial capabilities of Porto Digital.

In 2014, Porto Digital was home to 500 entrepreneurs and 240 institutions, with another 150 related companies located in Recife but not in the Porto Digital zone.

## Governance

Porto Digital is run by a non-profit organization called the Porto Digital Management Unit (NGPD). It is managed by an 18-member administrative council. The members represent the firms installed in the park, other companies with ties to Porto Digital, the state government, UFPE university and Recife City Hall. It is the Council's responsibility to decide on policies and strategies that enable and promote Porto Digital's development.

The council has the ability to appoint a board of directors comprising a president, a director of innovation and business competition, and an executive officer. The NGPD's permanent technical staff members have degrees in innovation, information technology, project management, urban planning, and related fields.


title: Quercus valdinervosa

abstract: Quercus valdinervosa is a species of oak endemic to Borneo. It is placed in Quercus subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.

text:
# Quercus valdinervosa

***Quercus valdinervosa*** is a species of oak endemic to Borneo. It is placed in *Quercus* subgenus *Cerris*, section *Cyclobalanopsis*.

## Range and habitat

*Quercus valdinervosa* is native to Borneo, where it is known from about ten locations in Brunei, Sarawak, Sabah, and Kalimantan. The species has a large range, but populations are widely scattered and its area of occupancy (AOO) is only 84 km2.

It grows mostly in oak-laurel montane forests, from 480 to 2,300 metres elevation.

## InfoBox

| *Quercus valdinervosa* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Fagaceae |
| Genus: | *Quercus* |
| Subgenus: | *Quercus subg. Cerris* |
| Section: | *Quercus sect. Cyclobalanopsis* |
| Species: | ***Q. valdinervosa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Quercus valdinervosa***
Soepadmo (1968) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Quercus mespilifolia* var. *borneensis* Heine (1951) | |


title: Bottoms Up (Middle of the Road song)

abstract: "Bottoms Up" is a song by Scottish band Middle of the Road, released as a single in September 1972. It failed to chart in the UK, but continued the band's success in Europe, becoming a top-ten hit in several countries. Unlike the version on many CD compilations, the single version has no bagpipes in the intro.

text:
# Bottoms Up (Middle of the Road song)

"**Bottoms Up**" is a song by Scottish band Middle of the Road, released as a single in September 1972. It failed to chart in the UK, but continued the band's success in Europe, becoming a top-ten hit in several countries. Unlike the version on many CD compilations, the single version has no bagpipes in the intro.

## Track listings

**7"**

1. "Bottoms Up" – 3:07
2. "See the Sky" – 3:24

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (1972) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Argentina (Escalera a la Fama) | 1 |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 71 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 3 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 13 |
| Denmark (IFPI) | 3 |
| Finland (Suomen virallinen lista) | 18 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 5 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 5 |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 8 |
| Rhodesia (Lyons Maid) | 5 |
| South Africa (Springbok Radio) | 16 |
| West Germany (Official German Charts) | 2 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1972) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Belgium (Ultratop Flanders) | 21 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 46 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 46 |

## Other versions

In 1972, Bárbara y Dick made the Argentine Top Ten with their version.

## InfoBox

| "Bottoms Up" | |
| --- | --- |
| Cover of the single released in Itay | |
| Single by Middle of the Road | |
| from the album  *Drive On* | |
| B-side | "See the Sky" |
| Released | September 1972 |
| Recorded | 1972 |
| Genre | Bubblegum pop |
| Length | 3:07 |
| Label | RCA Victor |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Giacomo Tosti * Giosy Capuano * Mario Capuano |
| Middle of the Road singles chronology | |
| "Samson and Delilah"
(1972) "**Bottoms Up**"
(1972) "Yellow Boomerang"
(1973) | |


title: Rumex lapponicus

abstract: Rumex lapponicus, known commonly as Lapland mountain sorrel is a perennial flowering herb species in the family Polygonaceae. It is commonly found in meadows and rock outcrops, as well as montane, arenicolous, and alluvial habitats.

text:
# Rumex lapponicus

***Rumex lapponicus***, known commonly as Lapland mountain sorrel is a perennial flowering herb species in the family Polygonaceae. It is commonly found in meadows and rock outcrops, as well as montane, arenicolous, and alluvial habitats.

## Description

*Rumex lapponicus* is a herbaceous perennial plant with several or a single branched erect stem. Branching in the distal portion of the stem and inflorescence differentiates *R. lapponicus* from other species of *Rumex*, namely *R. acetosa*, of which *R. lapponicus* was initially mischaracterized as a subspecies. It has stems usually reaching 20-60 centimeters (8-24 inches) high, and broadly ovate, terminally sagittate leaves that are 3–10 cm long and 1–4 cm wide. It is dioecious.

## Distribution

*Rumex lapponicus* occurs between 0–2500 meters in elevation in montane and submontane meadow and outcrop environments throughout Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories), the United States (Montana, Wyoming, and Alaska), Greenland, and throughout North Eurasia. It is most successful in silty, fine soils along rivers and streams in montane and tundra zones.

## Taxonomy

*Rumex lapponicus* belongs to the genus *Rumex*, known commonly as the docks or sorrels, and is placed in the subfamily Polygonoideae within the family Polygonaceae. It is of the order Caryophyllales, or the buckwheats, and it is a Eudicot. As a result of the aggregation of morphologically distinct montane *R. acetosa* and *R. lapponicus* species from the Rocky Mountains to Beartooth Plateau under the name *R. alpestris*, *R. lapponicus* was originally thought to be a subspecies of first *R. alpestris*, then, following nomenclatural studies suggesting *R. alpestris* to be an ambiguous/polymorphic name, *R. acetosa*. However, *R. lapponicus* differs in habit and branching, and exceeds the leaf size of *R. acetosa*. Additionally, is more closely related to morphologically unique arctic *Rumex species*, *R. pseudoxyria*, than any other *Rumex* member, suggesting independent development as a species from *R. acetosa*.

## Uses

The Norwegian name for *Rumex lapponicus*, *setersyre*, has led to some speculation that it was used on Mid-Norwegian summer farms as an acidifying agent. The United States Department of Agriculture has listed *Rumex lapponicus* as a noxious weed in the state of Arkansas, indicating that members of the genus *Rumex* "can directly or indirectly injure or cause damage to crops (including nursery stock or plant products), livestock, poultry or other interests of agriculture, irrigation, navigation, the natural resources of the United States, the public health, or the environment", in an official profile on the USDA website, and thus subject to interstate travel restrictions within the US.

## InfoBox

| *Rumex lapponicus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Polygonaceae |
| Genus: | *Rumex* |
| Species: | ***R. lapponicus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Rumex lapponicus***<br>(Hiitonen) Czernov | |
|


title: Rudy Rahme

abstract: Rudy Rahme is a Lebanese sculptor, painter and poet.

text:
# Rudy Rahme

**Rudy Rahme** (born October 1967) is a Lebanese sculptor, painter and poet.

## Education

He was born in October 1967 in Bsharri, Lebanon, and attended Collège Saint Joseph – Antoura in Keserwan District and then the Lebanese Academy of Fine Arts. He then specialized in fresco and sculpture at the Academia Spinelli in Florence and later he studied at the Fonderie Coubertin in Paris.

## Work

## Exhibitions

* 2020 - Australia - Sydney - "Rejuvenate" AAD Gallery
* 2019 - Lebanon - Beirut - The Garden Show 16th
* 2018 - Lebanon - Beirut - Artspace Hamra
* 2017 - UAE - Abu Dhabi - Le Royal Meridien
* 2016 - Italy - Imperia - the International photo exhibition of Contemporary Art
* 2016 - UK - London - Monteoliveto Gallery : Cities of Europe /London Calling
* 2016 - Belgium - Bruxelles - Salon international d'art contemporain
* 2016 - France - Paris - Light and Transparencies - Galerie Etienne de Causans
* 2015 - US - Miami - Miami River Art Fair 2015
* 2015 - Singapore - Singapore - WTECA
* 2012 - Lebanon - Beirut - Tawazon Robert Mouawad Private Museum
* 2011 - Lebanon - Beirut - The Garden Show

## InfoBox

| Rudy Rahme | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1967 (age 5657)<br>Bsharri |
| Nationality | Lebanese |
| Education | Lebanese Academy of Fine Arts, Academia Spinelli - Florence, Fonderie Coubertin - Paris |
| Notable work | Lamartine Cedar, Jibran Khalil Jibran statue, Said Akl bust |
| Website | rudyrahme.com |


title: Russell Taylor (architect)

abstract: Russell Taylor is a British architect who has designed and worked on a variety of building types, designing in the style known as New Classical Architecture, which follows the Classical tradition. He formed Russell Taylor Architects in 2005 and has offices in London and Cornwall.

text:
# Russell Taylor (architect)

**Russell Taylor** is a British architect who has designed and worked on a variety of building types, designing in the style known as New Classical Architecture, which follows the Classical tradition. He formed Russell Taylor Architects in 2005 and has offices in London and Cornwall.

## Introduction

### Personal

Russell Taylor was born and grew up in Ipswich in Suffolk. He studied architecture at Kingston Polytechnic and later conservation at the Architectural Association in London.

He is married with three daughters and a son and lives in London and Cornwall.

He shares a birthday with Sir Christopher Wren: 20 October.

### Career

Russell Taylor worked with the Classicists Robert Chitham at Chapman Taylor Partners, and, for a short period with John Simpson before joining the traditionalist practice Carden & Godfrey where he was made a partner. In 2005 he founded Russell Taylor Architects a practice with offices in London and Cornwall.

Examples of his work include:

He is:

* A trustee of the Georgian Group
* A Brother of the Art Workers' Guild
* A Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Masons
* An active member of INTBAU
* A teacher at the European Summer School in Classical Architecture.

## Projects

2016-2018 The Royal Society of Musicians, Fitzroy Square, London

2015-2016 Ely Place Holborn, London refurbishment and alteration as barristers' chambers. Award: The Georgian Group

2015-2019 Villa, Bangkok, Thailand. A large stone Classical villa. (A project originally designed by Quinlan and Francis Terry.)

2012-2015 Trewane, St Kew, Cornwall. Alterations and extension in matching style to an important Listed 17th century country house.

2011-2013 Wetherham, St Tudy, Cornwall. Refurbishment and new interiors for an 18th century house with Art Deco interiors. Award: Cornish Buildings Group.

**2010** The Newman Chapel: A new Chapel in the London Brompton Oratory with altar and reredos in scagliola.

**2009 – present** St John's Wood Barracks, London: designs for the redevelopment of the area. New housing in a Classical style. Consultant to the principal architects, John McAslan and partners.

**2008–2011** Newham Farm, Cornwall: A new country house and extensive alterations to a range of buildings all in the Cornish Classical vernacular style.

**2007–2010** The Narthex: A visitor centre for the Cathedral of St John the Baptist in Norwich (St John the Baptist Cathedral, Norwich) incorporating hall, shop, Café, bar, etc. and forming the new main entrance into the Cathedral.

**2008–2010** Odsey House, Cambridgeshire: Extensive repairs and alterations to a Grade I listed country house built in 1720.

**2007–2009** Fitzroy Square: Conservation and re-instatement of lost features on a Grade I listed Adam house.

**2006–2008** Arundel Castle: A new garden in 17th century style, designed by Isabel and Julian Bannerman.

**2004 – 2005** St Joseph's Chapel, The London Brompton Oratory. A new large baldacchino and reredos in a side chapel in marble, stone and scagliola.

**2003 – present** Cathedral of St John the Baptist, Norwich: Major re-ordering works including a new high altar, cathedra, etc.; a columbarium; fire protection works; a new visitor centre; and new sustainable heating.

**2002–2003** Grosvenor Square: 11 September Memorial Garden. A Classical pavilion and garden structure in green oak within an oval garden.

**1998–2002** The Jerwood Medical Education Centre, Royal College of Physicians, Regent's Park.

**1994–1995** Windsor Castle: Feasibility designs for new interiors to the State and Octagonal Dining Rooms.

**1993 – present** Arundel Castle, West Sussex: A series of works including new gardens, interiors, lighting and Victorian Gothic style fittings.

**1992–1997** Crosby Hall, Chelsea: A new English Renaissance style house covering a ½ acre and including the Great Hall of 1466.

**1992–1995** Brasenose College, Oxford: Refurbishment, repair and extension works, and the Porters' Lodge.

**1991 – present** The London Brompton Oratory: Repairs and redecoration and completion of unfinished elements.

**1991** 21 Wadham Gardens, NW3: A large, new Arts and Crafts style house.

**1989** Da Costa House, Highgate: A new office building in 18th century Classical style.

### Articles by Russell Taylor

* 'Revealing Masons Mysteries', *Architects' Journal* 26/09/89
* 'Stone Cleaning', Building Conservation Directory 1994
* 'Chimneys & Flues', Building Conservation Directory 1999
* 'St Joseph's Chapel', The Oratory Magazine March 2006
* 'Stone Cantilevered Staircases', Building Conservation Directory 2006
* 'The Use of Classicism', Listed Heritage Issue 50 2007
* The Oratory Dome - SPAB Magazine August 2018
* Solomonic Columns in England The Georgian Group Journal 2016
* 13 Ely Place, An Exemplar of Georgian Group Spatial Ordering The Georgian 2017
* Putting Back the Style - Listed Heritage Issue 122 2019


abstract: The Rutland-1-2 Representative District is a two-member state Representative district in the U.S. state of Vermont. It is one of the 108 one or two member districts into which the state was divided by the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 U.S. Census. The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010. A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 U.S. Census. The Rutland-1-2 District includes all of the Rutland County towns of Clarendon, Proctor, and West Rutland, and the portion of the town of Ira not included in Rutland-1-1. As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4,059 residents per representative. The two member Rutland-1-2 District had a population of 7,559 in that same census, 6.89% below the state average.

text:
# Rutland-1-2 Vermont Representative District, 2002–2012

The **Rutland-1-2 Representative District** is a two-member state Representative district in the U.S. state of Vermont. It is one of the 108 one or two member districts into which the state was divided by the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 U.S. Census. The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010. A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 U.S. Census.

The Rutland-1-2 District includes all of the Rutland County towns of Clarendon, Proctor, and West Rutland, and the portion of the town of Ira not included in Rutland-1-1.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4,059 residents per representative (or 8,118 residents per two representatives). The two member Rutland-1-2 District had a population of 7,559 in that same census, 6.89% below the state average.

## District representatives

43°34′20″N 73°2′10″W / 43.57222°N 73.03611°W / 43.57222; -73.03611


title: Russell Arch

abstract: Russell Richard Arch is an American director, writer and animator who lives in Los Angeles, USA. He has worked extensively in hidden camera, and is currently the executive producer and showrunner of TruTV's The Carbonaro Effect, having worked on the show since its pilot episode. In addition, he wrote and directed on both seasons of NBC's Betty White's Off Their Rockers. He is also an editor, having cut segments for most shows he's worked on. In 2013, he edited segments, and created the initial episode, of Howie Mandel's TBS hidden-camera prank series Deal With It. In 2012, he broke episode stories for the BBC3 black comedy Way To Go, and wrote episode #4. He co-created, wrote, edited and directed all 26 episodes of Anytime with Bob Kushell, a five-minute talk show that also shot in Arch's garage-studio. He created The Toodles, a scripted comedy about a rock band turned "Wiggles" type band and sold it to VH-1. Arch created The Pat Kilbane Show out of his home office, and eventually sold the project to Comedy Central. He also co-created the pilot "Harsh Reality" with Kevin Healey and Scott Hallock. His animations have been seen on MTV, VH-1, CBS, Fox, and even won him a Promax Award for his FOX "Little J.T." Christmas campaign. He has also directed numerous promotional campaigns for TV Networks. These include greenscreen segments with Dan Whitney Larry the Cable Guy in a series of promos for Blue Collar TV, in which Larry was "cut into" existing scenes from One Tree Hill, Smallville, and Gilmore Girls. He is married to actress Lisa Arch, with whom he has a son, Garrett Mitchell Arch, who was born on September 18, 2007.

text:
# Russell Arch

**Russell Richard Arch** is an American director, writer and animator who lives in Los Angeles, USA.

He has worked extensively in hidden camera, and is currently the executive producer and showrunner of TruTV's *The Carbonaro Effect*, having worked on the show since its pilot episode. In addition, he wrote and directed on both seasons of NBC's *Betty White's Off Their Rockers*.

He is also an editor, having cut segments for most shows he's worked on. In 2013, he edited segments, and created the initial episode, of Howie Mandel's TBS hidden-camera prank series *Deal With It*.

In 2012, he broke episode stories for the BBC3 black comedy *Way To Go*, and wrote episode #4.

He co-created, wrote, edited and directed all 26 episodes of *Anytime with Bob Kushell*, a five-minute talk show (produced for Sony Pictures Television) that also shot in Arch's garage-studio.

He created *The Toodles*, a scripted comedy about a rock band turned "Wiggles" type band and sold it to VH-1. Arch created *The Pat Kilbane Show* out of his home office, and eventually sold the project to Comedy Central. He also co-created the pilot "Harsh Reality" with Kevin Healey and Scott Hallock (*Scare Tactics*).

His animations have been seen on MTV, VH-1, CBS, Fox, and even won him a Promax Award for his FOX "Little J.T." Christmas campaign.

He has also directed numerous promotional campaigns for TV Networks. These include greenscreen segments with Dan Whitney Larry the Cable Guy in a series of promos for *Blue Collar TV*, in which Larry was "cut into" existing scenes from *One Tree Hill*, *Smallville*, and *Gilmore Girls*.

He is married to actress Lisa Arch, with whom he has a son, Garrett Mitchell Arch, who was born on September 18, 2007.


title: Boy Meets Girl (Stroke 9 album)

abstract: Boy Meets Girl is the first studio album from San Francisco, California, United States, alternative rock band Stroke 9. It was released in 1993.

text:
# Boy Meets Girl (Stroke 9 album)

***Boy Meets Girl*** is the first studio album from San Francisco, California, United States, alternative rock band Stroke 9. It was released in 1993.

## Track listing

1. "Today"
2. "Carey-Anne"
3. "Wild"
4. "Yer Voice"
5. "Manny's Song"
6. "Go Away"
7. "Directions"
8. "Lapel"
9. "Marin"

## InfoBox

| Boy Meets Girl | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Stroke 9 | |
| Released | 1993 |
| Genre | Alternative rock |
| Stroke 9 chronology | |
| *Music About Friends, Acquaintances, and People We Don't Even Know*
(1991) ***Boy Meets Girl***
(1993) *Bumper to Bumper*
(1995) | |