title: Rutherford County Sheriff's Office (NC)

text:
# Rutherford County Sheriff's Office (NC)

The Rutherford County Sheriff's Office is responsible for patrolling the towns and unincorporated areas of Rutherford County, North Carolina, operating the Detention Center, transporting inmates, securing the court house, executing warrants, serving civil papers, and ensuring public safety. Additionally, the Rutherford County Sheriff is the chief law enforcement officer of the county. The current sheriff is republican Aaron Ellenburg. In 2016, the sheriff's salary was set at $82,555.

| Rutherford County Sheriff's Office | |
| --- | --- |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| Operations jurisdiction | Rutherford County, North Carolina |
| Size | 566 sq mi (1,470 km2) |
| Population | 64,444 (2020) |
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | 198 N Washington Street, Rutherfordton, North Carolina 28139 |
| Agency executives | * Aaron Ellenburg, Sheriff * Randall Greenway, Chief Deputy * Peter Wan, Major |

## Organizational Structure

Divisions and units of the Sheriff's Office.

* Administration
* Patrol
* Investigations
    + Detective Unit
    + Forensic Unit
    + Narcotics Unit
* Support Services
    + School Resource Officers
    + Court House Security and Bailiffs
    + Civil Process
    + Warrant Process
* Detention Center
    + Detention Crews
    + Transportation
    + Detention Investigator

## Rank Structure

The current rank structure used by the sheriff's office had been in effect since January 2023.

| Rank | Insignia | Information | Badge |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sheriff |  | Elected to four year terms. | Gold |
| Chief Deputy |  | Second in command. | Gold |
| Major |  | Assists the Sheriff and Chief Deputy in supervising the divisions, completing administrative duties. | Gold |
| Captain |  | There are four Captains; one for each major division and one serving as Rutherford County Schools Investigator. | Gold |
| Lieutenant |  | In charge of a patrol unit and shift, or assists in detention center administration. | Gold |
| First Sergeant |  | Assists the administration of the Detention Center. When the 911 Communications Center was part of the Sheriff's Office, the assistant director held the rank of first sergeant. | Silver |
| Sergeant |  | Supervises a unit or crew. | Silver |
| Corporal |  | Serves as a school resource officer or supervisor in a unit. | Silver |
| Deputy / Detective / Detention Officer |  | Detention Officers are non-sworn employees. Detectives are also known as "investigators". | Silver |

**The leadership hierarchy as of December 2023:**

* Sheriff Aaron Ellenburg
    + Chief Deputy Randall Greenway
        - Major Peter Wan
        - Captain Marc Duncan, Rutherford County Schools Safety Officer
            * Captain Chris Lovelace, Investigations
                + Lieutenant J. Upton, Investigations
                + Sergeant J. Greenway, Forensics
                + Sergeant J. Mode, Narcotics
            * Captain Jamie Keever, Detention Center (and Professional Standards)
                + Lieutenant Patrick Wiseman
                    - Detective B. Friend
                    - First Sergeant B. Sprouse
                        * Sergeant J. Splawn, Detention Crew
                        * Sergeant B. Cole, Detention Crew
                        * Sergeant M. Logan, Detention Crew
            * Captain Stephen Ellis, Patrol
                + Lieutenant T. Lowery, Patrol Crew A
                    - Sergeant J. McComas, Patrol Crew A
                + Lieutenant Allen Hardin, Patrol Crew B
                    - Sergeant B. King, Patrol Crew B
                + Lieutenant Corey Smith, Patrol Crew C
                    - Sergeant N. Ensley, Patrol Crew C
                + Lieutenant Michael Snyder, Patrol Crew D
                    - Sergeant Wilmer Chavez Perez, Patrol Crew D
            * Captain Brian Gooch, Support Services
                + Sergeant A. Greenway, School Resource Officers
                + Sergeant E. Toney, Civil Process
                + Sergeant J. Hoppes, Warrant Process
                + Sergeant B. Hooper, Courthouse Security

## Election of 2022

The race for sheriff began crowded with five people running for office: incumbent Chris Francis (R), Anthony 'Tony' Roberson (R), James 'Aaron' Ellenburg (R), Steve 'Theo' Theodoropoulos (R), and Jason Wease (D). Before the primary election in May 2022, Tony Roberson registered to run unaffiliated, and Chris Francis had dropped out of the race after successfully being elected three times. Aaron Ellenburg won the Republican primary, beating out Theodoropoulos by 2,360 votes. In the Democratic primary, Jason Wease won by default without opposition. Three candidates remained and were on the general election ballot: Aaron Ellenburg (R), Jason Wease (D), and Tony Roberson (U).

After receiving unofficial final election night results from all county precincts, Aaron Ellenburg is the winner of the general election being more than 11,000 votes ahead of Jason Wease and more than 13,000 votes ahead of Tony Roberson. Ellenburg will be sworn in as the 47th Sheriff of Rutherford County on Monday, December 5, 2022 and will serve until the end of the term on Monday, December 7, 2026 per North Carolina General Statute § 163-1.

## Former Sheriffs

List of Former Sheriffs of Rutherford County, North Carolina
| Sheriff | Term Began | Term Ended | Office Holder |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Richard Singleton | 1779 | 1781 | 1st |
| Andrew Hampton | 1781 | 1784 | 2nd |
| John Lewis | 1784 | 1787 | 3rd |
| Jonathan Hampton | 1787 | 1788 | 4th |
| William Nevill | 1788 | 1789 | 5th |
| James Withrow | 1789 | 1790 | 6th |
| Robert Irvine | 1790 | 1792 | 7th |
| Abram Irvine | 1792 | 1795 | 8th |
| Daniel Camp | 1795 | 1796 | 9th |
| James Boyle | 1796 | 1798 | 10th |
| William Carson | 1798 | 1809 | 11th |
| John Alley | 1809 | 1814 | 12th |
| Frederick Alley | 1814 | 1820 | 13th |
| Garland Dickerson | 1820 | 1821 | 14th |
| William Carson | 1821 | 1836 | 15th |
| William Wilkins | 1836 | 1838 | 16th |
| James W. Carson | 1838 | 1842 | 17th |
| William Wilkins | 1842 | 1846 | 18th |
| M.O. Dickerson | 1846 | 1848 | 19th |
| Madison Kilpatrick | 1848 | 1856 | 20th |
| Andrew B. Long | 1856 | 1860 | 21st |
| Martin Walker | 1860 | 1872 | 22nd |
| John E. McFarland | 1872 | 1878 | 23rd |
| Noah E. Walker | 1878 | 1884 | 24th |
| John B. Blanton | 1884 | 1888 | 25th |
| G.W. Long | 1888 | 1892 | 26th |
| Ed Beam | 1892 | 1894 | 27th |
| J.V. McFarland | 1894 | 1898 | 28th |
| Elijah A. Martin | 1898 | 1908 | 29th |
| C.E. Tanner | 1908 | 1918 | 30th |
| James W. Beason | 1918 | 1924 | 31st |
| W.C. Hardin | 1924 | 1930 | 32nd |
| J. Ed McFarland | 1930 | 1932 | 33rd |
| Charles C. Moore | 1932 | 1934 | 34th |
| J. Ed. McFarland | 1934 | 1936 | 35th |
| J. Cal Williams | 1936 | 1938 | 36th |
| Charles C. Moore | 1938 | 1946 | 37th |
| Vance Wilkins | 1946 | 1958 | 38th |
| Damon Huskey | 1958 | 1970 | 39th |
| Blane Yelton | 1970 | 1974 | 40th |
| Damon Huskey | 1974 | 1986 | 41st |
| Edgar Searcy | 1986 | 1990 | 42nd |
| Daniel J. Good | 1990 | 2005 | 43rd |
| C. Philip Byers | 2005 | 2006 | 44th |
| Jack L. Conner | December 4, 2006 | December 6, 2010 | 45th |
| Chris Francis | December 6, 2010 | November 30, 2022 | 46th |

## InfoBox

| Sheriff of Rutherford County, North Carolina | |
| --- | --- |
| Incumbent
Aaron Ellenburg
since December 5, 2022 | |
| Seat | Rutherfordton, North Carolina |
| Term length | 4 years |
| Formation | April 14, 1779 |
| Salary | $95,509 (2022) |


title: Frontline AIDS

abstract: Frontline AIDS is a global partnership of nationally based governmental and non-governmental organizations which support community organizations which promote HIV/AIDS issues in developing countries. The Alliance was created in November 1993 as the International Alliance Supporting Community Action on AIDS, and later renamed the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. In 2019, they rebranded themselves as Frontline AIDS. The alliance's founding executive director, Jeffrey O'Malley, served from 1993 to 2003. From 2003 until 2015, the alliance was led by Alvaro Bermejo, who was succeeded by Christine Stegling.

text:
# Frontline AIDS

**Frontline AIDS** (formerly known as the **International HIV/AIDS Alliance** (**IHAA**) until 2019) is a global partnership of nationally based governmental and non-governmental organizations which support community organizations which promote HIV/AIDS issues in developing countries. The Alliance was created in November 1993 as the **International Alliance Supporting Community Action on AIDS**, and later renamed the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. In 2019, they rebranded themselves as Frontline AIDS. The alliance's founding executive director, Jeffrey O'Malley, served from 1993 to 2003. From 2003 until 2015, the alliance was led by Alvaro Bermejo, who was succeeded by Christine Stegling.

### Sources

**Books**

* Beck, Eduard J; Holland, Lynn-Marie; et al. (2006). *The HIV Pandemic: Local and Global Implications*. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. p. XXXVIII. ISBN 978-0-19-157476-4. OCLC 801405447.
* d'Adesky, Anne-Christine (2006) \[2004\]. *Moving Mountains: The Race to Treat Global AIDS*. London: Verso. p. 477. ISBN 1-84467-543-2. OCLC 67375342.
* *Where to Find Information on HIV/AIDS* (2nd ed.). Development Cooperation Ireland : Afya Mzuri : Unicef. 2005 \[2003\]. OCLC 76800718.
* *The Spread of AIDS in the Developing World: Hearing Before the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session, September 16, 1998*. Washington: U.S. G.P.O. 16 September 1998. p. 78. ISBN 0-16-057755-1. OCLC 40503153.
* *Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2005: Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, Second Session, on H.R. 4818/S. 2812, an Act Making Appropriations for Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2005, and for Other Purposes*. Washington: U.S. G.P.O. 2005. ISBN 0-16-074462-8. OCLC 58839509.
* *PEPFAR Reauthorization: From Emergency to Sustainability: Hearing Before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, September 25, 2007*. Washington: U.S. G.P.O. 2007. ISBN 978-0-16-079845-0. OCLC 191799857.

**Journals and magazines**

## InfoBox

Frontline AIDS
|
|  |
| Predecessor | International Alliance Supporting Community Action on AIDS |
| Formation | November 1993 (1993-11) |
| Type | IGO, INGO |
| Purpose | Supporting community action on HIV, health and rights to end AIDS |
| Location | * 1st and 2nd Floor, Preece House, 91-101 Davigdor Road, Hove BN3 1RE, United Kingdom |
| Coordinates | 50°49′54″N 0°09′27″W / 50.8317°N 0.1574°W / 50.8317; -0.1574 |
| Region served | Worldwide |
| Affiliations | UNAIDS |
| Website | frontlineaids.org |


title: Frontline Records

abstract: Frontline Records was a Christian rock record label, founded in 1986 by James Kempner in Santa Ana, California. The label focused primarily on modern rock, rap, dance-pop and hip-hop. The label closed in the early 1990s, and then resurfaced in 2010 to digitally re-release its music catalog.

text:
# Frontline Records

**Frontline Records** was a Christian rock record label, founded in 1986 by James Kempner in Santa Ana, California. The label focused primarily on modern rock, rap, dance-pop and hip-hop. The label closed in the early 1990s, and then resurfaced in 2010 to digitally re-release its music catalog (including related labels).

## Beginnings and history

Kempner had a background in concert promotion, and had run the New Year's Eve Christian music festival series at Knott's Berry Farm, growing the event to one of the largest Christian events in the country before forming Frontline.

The label officially began by signing local bands from the Orange County, California area. In that first year, Frontline released sixteen albums. In 1986, the company signed a distribution deal with Nashville-based Benson Records to tap into their extensive sales force and distribution through Zondervan Music. Frontline Records soon transitioned to Frontline Music Group (FMG), allowing the company to create different sub-labels to promote their growing and diverse roster. This included alternative, punk, dance, pop, rock, gospel, metal, rap and hip-hop artists. Initial distribution was through Benson Records.

Artist Terry Scott Taylor became the production manager for the label, and drummer Ed McTaggart became the primary art director, designing many of the label's album covers. Imprints included Intense Records, Alarma! Records (a resurrection of Taylor's early 1980s label), and MYX Records (a dance music label supervised by former New York club DJ Scott Blackwell).

Frontline carried pop and rock artists such as Crumbächer, Crystal Lewis, Idle Cure, Jon Gibson, Altar Boys, Shout and Rick Elias. Alarma Records featured alternative music acts like Mad at the World, Jacob's Trouble, The Swirling Eddies and Poor Old Lu. Its sister label, Alarma World, was home to international-based acts like Edin-Ådahl and Walk On Water. Intense Records housed metal-based bands such as Tourniquet, Bloodgood, Sacred Warrior and Deliverance. MYX Records, a dance/hip hop division, represented many of Blackwell's own creations. Rap/hip-hop artists included Gospel Gangstaz, P.I.D. and D-Boy.

Frontline Records became an important label in the development of the West Coast Christian alternative music scene. Their roster included what *7ball* magazine would later refer to as "truly classic alternative, rap, metal and rock" music. *HM* editor Doug Van Pelt would call "the lion's share" of classic hard Christian music.

Frontline saw growth from 1986-1991, dominating Christian media outlets and radio airwaves. In 1992, Kempner and his executive staff decided not to renew its distribution deal with Benson, instead hiring its own sales force and signed an independent distribution deal to garner more control over its own brands. Initially the move seemed to be working but soon FMG started showing signs of losing its momentum. The financial requirements to sustain itself were greater than expected. Even though some new artists were signed (most notably Angie & Debbie Winans, Gary V and Carol Huston), the label spiraled down until it could no longer keep itself afloat, and by the mid-90s closed its doors.

Frontline (and all of its assets) was acquired by Nashville-based record producer and publisher, William "Buddy" Killen (under Killen Music Group KMG Records), in early 1998. KMG released double CDs to infuse the marketplace with top-selling Frontline artists. Things went well until 2002 when Diamante, the distributor for KMG Records, folded and the label went down with it. Buddy died in November 2006 of cancer. In 2010, Carolyn Killen (executrix of his Estate) sold the Frontline publishing catalog to Meis Music Group. In 2011, the KMG, Frontline and Damascus Road Records master recordings were sold.

## Artists

## InfoBox

| Frontline Records | |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1986 (1986) |
| Founder | James Kempner |
| Genre | Christian rock, contemporary Christian music |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Official website | frontlinerecords.us |


title: Ryszard Przewłocki

abstract: Ryszard Przewłocki is a Polish neurobiologist and neuropharmacologist, professor of medical sciences, professor at the Institute of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, member of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Academy of Learning and Academia Europaea, and one of the most frequently cited Polish scientists in the field of biomedicine after 1965, who in his youth was also an actor of experimental theatre Teatr 38 in Kraków, and episodically a film actor.

text:
# Ryszard Przewłocki

**Ryszard Przewłocki** (born October 25, 1943) is a Polish neurobiologist and neuropharmacologist, professor of medical sciences, professor at the Institute of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, member of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Academy of Learning and Academia Europaea, and one of the most frequently cited Polish scientists in the field of biomedicine after 1965, who in his youth was also an actor of experimental theatre Teatr 38 in Kraków, and episodically a film actor.

## Biography

In 1962, he passed matura in the Bartłomiej Nowodworski High School. Then he studied automation at the Electrical Department of the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków (1962–1967) and psychology at the Jagiellonian University (1966–1970).

During his studies he was an actor at Teatr 38, Kraków's experimental theater. He made a theatre debut in 1963 in the performance *23 typescript pages*. The performance received the first prize at the Festival of Amateur Poetry Theaters in Poznań, where Julian Przyboś was the chairman of the jury. Later, Przewłocki appeared in plays such as the cowboy-style adaptation of *An Ancient Tale* in the staging of Mieczysław Święcicki based on the libretto by Aleksander Bandrowski. He played the main roles in the plays directed by Helmut Kajzar: King Richard III in Shakespeare's *Richard III* and Nathan in *The Judges* of Stanisław Wyspiański. In addition, he played in the adaptation of Günter Grass's *Cat and Mouse* directed by Jan Güntner, as well as in *Falling* and *The Book of Job* directed by Bogusław Hussakowski.

With the ensemble of Teatr 38 he took part in many theater festivals, performing among others in Nancy and Zagreb, Parma, Erlangen and touring in many Spanish cities. In 1969, he appeared in the short film of Julian Antoniszczak *In the Clutches of Sex* (*W szponach seksu*). After many years, he returned to acting – he played the television presenter in the etudes *Hydrophobia* (2013) and *Ad maiorem pastae gloriam* (2017) directed by Franciszek Vetulani.

In 1969 he started working at the then Department of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, in the Laboratory of Neuropharmacology. There, in 1975, after transforming the department into an independent Institute, he obtained Ph.D. in the field of natural sciences and assumed the position of a senior assistant. In the years 1977–1979 he obtained a Max-Planck scholarship and completed a post-doctoral internship at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry in Munich. He obtained his habilitation in neuropharmacology in 1986 at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Warsaw. The following year he completed a scientific internship at the Institute of Mental Health in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In 1992 he received the title of professor of medical sciences. In the years 1995–1996 he was a scholarship holder of the Fulbright Foundation at the Scripps Research Institute in San Diego. From 1986 he is a member of the Scientific Council of the Institute of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He was one of the organizers of the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology at UNESCO/PAN, where he was a professor (1996–1998) and a member of the International Advisory Committee (1998–2008).

In the years 1989–1993 he was the Head of the Neuropeptide Research Department at the Institute of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and from 1993 to 2017 the Head of the Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology. From 1999 he was a professor at the Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology at the Institute of Applied Psychology at the Jagiellonian University, from 2004 he was the Head of this department. He was the supervisor of three postdoctoral dissertations and promoter of fifteen doctoral dissertations and about 80 MA theses. He published over 200 original research works (among others in *Science* and *Nature*) and dozens of reviews and popular science works.

From 2005 he was a member of the IBRO Central and Eastern European Regional Committee, and from 2008 to 2013 the chairman of this organization. In 2013–2016 he was elected and was chairman of the FENS/IBRO Schools organization. He is a member of the Polish Society for the Study of the Nervous System, and in 2005–2007 he was its president. He is a member of the Committee of the Neurobiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, in the years 1998–2001 he was the vice-chairman of this committee. In the years 2008–2013 he was a member of the National Committee for Cooperation with the International Council of Sciences at the Presidium of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 2005 he was elected a correspondent member of the Medical Faculty of the Polish Academy of Learning and in 2018 he became a full member. Since 2007, he has been an honorary member of the Polish Society for the Study of Pain. He is a member of international scientific societies (including IASP, EFIC, FENS, SFN, INRC). In 2019 he was elected a correspondent member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

He was a member of the editorial committee of the journal *Life Science* (1990–2006), he is currently a member of the editorial committee of the *European Journal of Pharmacology* (from 2004) and *Addiction Biology* (since 2009).

He is married to Barbara Przewłocka, a neuropharmacologist, professor of medical sciences at the Institute of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and a correspondent member of the Polish Academy of Learning. He has two sons, Mikołaj and Szymon.

## Selected papers

* PRZEWŁOCKI R. Lasoń W., Konecka A., Gramsch C., Herz A., Reid L.: The opioid peptides dynorphin, circadian rhythms and starvation. Science 1983, 219, 71–72.
* Stein C., Hassan A.H.S., PRZEWŁOCKI R., Gramsch C., Peter K., Herz A.: Opioids from immunocytes interact with receptors on sensory nerves to inhibit nociception in inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990, 87, 5935–5939.
* Przewlocka B., Lasoń, PRZEWŁOCKI R.: Time-dependent changes in the activity of opioid systems in the spinal cord of monoarthritic rats: a release and in situ hybridization study. Neuroscience 1992 46:209-216.
* PRZEWŁOCKI R., Hassan A.H.S., Lasoń W., Epplen C., Herz A., Stein G.: Gene expression and localization of opioid peptides in immune cells of inflamed tissue: functional role in antinociception. Neuroscience 1992 48:491-500.
* PRZEWŁOCKI R., Parsons K.L., Sweeney D.D., Trotter C., Netzeband J.G., Siggins G.R., Gruol D.L.: Opioid enhancement of calcium oscillations and burst events involving NMDA receptors and L-type calcium channels in cultured hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci., 1999, 19(22):9705-15.
* Schneider T, PRZEWŁOCKI R. Behavioral alterations in rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid: animal model of autism. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2005; 30(1):80-9.
* Ziolkowska B, Gieryk A, Bilecki W, Wawrzczak-Bargiela A, Wedzony K, Chocyk A, Danielson PE, Thomas EA, Hilbush BS, Sutcliffe JG, PRZEWŁOCKI R.: Regulation of α-synuclein gene expression in limbic and motor brain regions of morphine-treated mice. J. Neurosci., 2005, 25, 4996–5003.
* Obara I., Rodriguez Parkitna J., Korostyński M., Makuch W., Kamińska D., Przewłocka B., PRZEWŁOCKI R.: Local peripheral opioid effects and expression of opioid genes in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia in neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Pain, 2009 Feb;141(3):283-91.
* Piechota M, Korostynski M, Solecki W, Gieryk A, Slezak M, Bilecki W, Ziolkowska B, Kostrzewa E, Cymerman I, Swiech L, Jaworski J, PRZEWLOCKI R.: "The dissection of transcriptional modules regulated by various drugs of abuse in the mouse striatum.”; Genome Biology, 2010 May 4;11(5):R48.
* Attwood BK, Bourgognon JM, Patel S, Mucha M, Schiavon E, Skrzypiec AE, Young KW, Shiosaka S, Korostynski M, Piechota M, PRZEWLOCKI R, Pawlak R.: Neuropsin cleaves EphB2 in the amygdala to control anxiety. Nature. 2011 May 19;473(7347):372-5.
* Parkitna JR, Sikora M, Gołda S, Gołembiowska K, Bystrowska B, Engblom D, Bilbao A, PRZEWŁOCKI R. Novelty-seeking behaviors and the escalation of alcohol drinking after abstinence in mice are controlled by metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 on neurons expressing dopamine D1 receptors. Biological Psychiatry. 2013 Feb 1;73(3):263-70.
* Skupio U, Sikora M, Korostynski M, Wawrzczak-Bargieła A, Piechota M, Ficek J, PRZEWŁOCKI R. Behavioral and transcriptional patterns of protracted opioid self-administration in mice. Addiction Biology, 2017 Nov;22(6):1802-1816.

## Awards

* 1975: The Award of the Scientific Secretary of the Polish Academy of Sciences
* 1986: H. and J. Supniewscy Foundation Award
* 1993: The Award of the Secretary of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences
* 1994: Gold Cross of Merit
* 1998: T. Borowicz Award of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences
* 2000: Medal Medicina Cracoviensis, Diploma and Medal of Collegium Medicum of the Jagiellonian University
* 2004: Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta
* 2006: Jędrzej Śniadecki Scientific Award of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences
* 2008: collective award in the Jakub Karol Parnas Competition for the best experimental work in the field of biochemistry and biology
* 2009: Jagiellonian University Rector Award – laureate of the first prize for research at the Faculty of Management and Social Communication
* 2017: Jędrzej Śniadecki Medal for outstanding scientific achievements in the field of medicine and neuropharmacology as well as activities in the field of science organization and a recognized position in the Polish and international scientific community

## InfoBox

| Ryszard Przewłocki | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1943-10-25) October 25, 1943 |
| Citizenship | Polish |
| Alma mater | AGH University of Science and Technology
Jagiellonian University |
| Occupation(s) | Neurobiologist
Neuropharmacologist |


title: Fuans

abstract: Fuans is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

text:
# Fuans

**Fuans** (French pronunciation: \[fɥɑ̃\]) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1962 | 265 |  |
| 1968 | 273 | +3.0% |
| 1975 | 264 | −3.3% |
| 1982 | 267 | +1.1% |
| 1990 | 303 | +13.5% |
| 1999 | 336 | +10.9% |
| 2008 | 437 | +30.1% |
| 2012 | 491 | +12.4% |

## InfoBox

| Fuans | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall in Fuans | |
| Location of Fuans | |
| FuansFuans | |
| Coordinates: 47°07′51″N 6°34′20″E / 47.1308°N 6.5722°E / 47.1308; 6.5722 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Doubs |
| Arrondissement | Pontarlier |
| Canton | Valdahon |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Daniel Kovacic |
| Area**1** | 11.1 km2 (4.3 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 467 |
| Density | 42/km2 (110/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 25262 /25390 |
| Elevation | 688–1,023 m (2,257–3,356 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Fuchsia hatschbachii

abstract: Fuchsia hatschbachii, called Hatschbach's fuchsia, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Fuchsia, endemic to the state of Paraná in Brazil. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. The species is named after Gert Hatschbach, Director of the Museu Botânico de Curitiba who collects and studies flora of Paraná.

text:
# Fuchsia hatschbachii

***Fuchsia hatschbachii***, called **Hatschbach's fuchsia**, is a species of flowering plant in the genus *Fuchsia*, endemic to the state of Paraná in Brazil. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. The species is named after Gert Hatschbach, Director of the Museu Botânico de Curitiba who collects and studies flora of Paraná.

## Description

*Fuchsia hatschbachii* are erect to scandent shrubs, ranging from 1-3 meters tall, or up to 5 meters when climbing on trees. Leaves are narrowly lance-ovate, 3.0-7.5(-11.0) x 0.8-2.5(-3.0) cm, acuminate at the tip and rounded at the base, dark green above and pale below, with small trichomes 0.8-1 mm in length at the bottom of the lower midvein on some plants. The margin is slightly gland-denticulate. Petioles are purple, (2-)3-6(-7) x 1-2 mm. Stipules are semideciduous, narrowly triangular, 1-1.7 x 0.6-1.2 mm. Plants bloom from November to March. with solitary flowers on 1-203 cm long pedicels. The ovary is cylindrical, 5-9 x 2.5-3 mm, and the hypanthium is cylindrical, red, and 10-15 x 3-5 mm. Sepals are 18-26 mm long, and petals are violet, broadly obovate, 12-17 x 8-12 mm. Fruit are purple, subcylindrical quadrangled, 13-18 x 7-10 mm.

## Distribution

*Fuchsia hatschbachii* is found in low forests located on sandstone or limestone outcrops, within the Brazilian highlands north and west of Curitiba in Paraná, Brazil at elevations between 950 and 1,150 meters.

## InfoBox

| *Fuchsia hatschbachii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| In bloom | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Onagraceae |
| Genus: | *Fuchsia* |
| Species: | ***F. hatschbachii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Fuchsia hatschbachii***<br>P.E.Berry | |
|


title: Fuchsia hypoleuca

abstract: Fuchsia hypoleuca is a species of plant in the family Onagraceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.

text:
# Fuchsia hypoleuca

***Fuchsia hypoleuca*** is a species of plant in the family Onagraceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.

## InfoBox

| *Fuchsia hypoleuca* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Onagraceae |
| Genus: | *Fuchsia* |
| Species: | ***F. hypoleuca*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Fuchsia hypoleuca***
I.M.Johnst. | |
|


title: 2002–03 Udinese Calcio season

abstract: Udinese Calcio bounced back from the hugely disappointing 2001–02 Serie A season, in which it only just managed to avoid relegation. Under new coach Luciano Spalletti, Udinese gathered strength, and was a constant feature on the top half of the league table. Even though the squad lacked the goalscoring punch, the defence led by Néstor Sensini and surprising goalkeeper Morgan De Sanctis held it together to such a degree it finished sixth in the league. Also Czech signing Marek Jankulovski impressed, the Napoli signing switching form left-wing to left back, causing interest from several bigger clubs. In the offence, Udinese's most influential player was David Pizarro, who scored seven times from the midfield and grabbed the attention from Lazio, who tried to sign him and teammate Martin Jørgensen immediately after the season had finished. Undisclosed Lazio players refused moving to Udine as compensation for the transfers, and both stayed on, much to the relief of Spalletti.

text:
# 2002–03 Udinese Calcio season

**Udinese Calcio** bounced back from the hugely disappointing 2001–02 Serie A season, in which it only just managed to avoid relegation. Under new coach Luciano Spalletti, Udinese gathered strength, and was a constant feature on the top half of the league table. Even though the squad lacked the goalscoring punch, the defence led by Néstor Sensini and surprising goalkeeper Morgan De Sanctis held it together to such a degree it finished sixth in the league. Also Czech signing Marek Jankulovski impressed, the Napoli signing switching form left-wing to left back, causing interest from several bigger clubs. In the offence, Udinese's most influential player was David Pizarro, who scored seven times from the midfield and grabbed the attention from Lazio, who tried to sign him and teammate Martin Jørgensen immediately after the season had finished. Undisclosed Lazio players refused moving to Udine as compensation for the transfers, and both stayed on, much to the relief of Spalletti.

## Squad

### Goalkeepers

### Defenders

### Midfielders

### Attackers

## Serie A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 4 | Lazio | 34 | 15 | 15 | 4 | 57 | 32 | +25 | 60 | Qualification to Champions League third qualifying round |
| 5 | Parma | 34 | 15 | 11 | 8 | 55 | 36 | +19 | 56 | Qualification to UEFA Cup first round |
| 6 | Udinese | 34 | 16 | 8 | 10 | 38 | 35 | +3 | | 56 |
| 7 | Chievo | 34 | 16 | 7 | 11 | 51 | 39 | +12 | 55 |  |
| 8 | Roma | 34 | 13 | 10 | 11 | 55 | 46 | +9 | 49 | Qualification to UEFA Cup first round |

Source: 2002–03 Serie A, Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Goal difference; 5) Goals scored; 6) Draw. (Note: Head-to-head record is used only after all the matches between the teams in question have been played).
Notes:

### Games

*The match was abandoned due to Como fans rioting against a third penalty for Udinese in the match. Following previous misses by Vincenzo Iaquinta and Roberto Muzzi; David Pizarro was set to take the third one, but the riots ended the match prematurely. Udinese was handed the win 2–0, with Pinzi as the only goalscorer. Como was given a four-match suspension from playing at home.*

## Sources

1. Almanacco Illustrato del Calcio - La Storia 1898-2004, Panini Edizioni, Modena, September 2005 "Norme organizzative interne della F.I.G.C. - Art. 51.6" (PDF) (in Italian). Italian Football Federation. 12 September 2018. Retrieved 11 November 2018.

## InfoBox

Udinese Calcio
| 2002–03 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Chairman | Giampaolo Pozzo |
| Manager | Luciano Spalletti |
| Serie A | 6th |
| Coppa Italia | Second Round |
| Top goalscorer | Vincenzo Iaquinta <br>David Pizarro (7) |
|  | |


title: Kihnu Veeteed

abstract: Kihnu Veeteed is a ferry company which operates six scheduled routes in Estonia. It is registered on the island of Kihnu in the Gulf of Riga, and runs a fleet of seven passenger ferries. The company's ferries provide connections between the mainland and the small islands of Kihnu, Manilaid, Vormsi, and Piirissaar. There is also a connection between the country's two largest islands, Saaremaa and Hiiumaa.

text:
# Kihnu Veeteed

**Kihnu Veeteed** ("Kihnu Waterways") is a ferry company which operates six scheduled routes in Estonia. It is registered on the island of Kihnu in the Gulf of Riga, and runs a fleet of seven passenger ferries.

The company's ferries provide connections between the mainland and the small islands of Kihnu, Manilaid, Vormsi, and Piirissaar. There is also a connection between the country's two largest islands, Saaremaa and Hiiumaa.

## Operations

The ferry lines are operated on the basis of public procurement contracts, and most of the company's vessels are owned by the Estonian state, and specially built for these routes. The three sister ships "Soela", "Ormsö" and "Kihnu Virve" entered service from 2015 to 2017. They were built by Baltic Workboats in Nasva, Estonia and each has a capacity of 200 passengers and 32 cars. In addition, the Kihnu Maritime Fleet also owns two passenger ferries, "Amalie" and "Reet", both of which are over fifty years old, and are used as back-up vessels.

When ice conditions are too difficult for the usual vessels to reach Kihnu and Piirissaar, hovercraft are able to operate on these routes.

In July 2020 the Estonian Transport Administration signed a new contract with Kihnu Veeteed to provide services on most of its existing routes from 2021. The shipping companies TS Laevad and Tuule Liinid had also tendered to operate the routes. In 2022 Kihnu Veeteed was replaced by Tuule Liinid as the operator of catamaran services to Ruhnu from Saaremaa and the mainland.

## "Amalie" rescue operation

A large scale rescue operation took place in the Gulf of Riga in the early morning of 10 November 2023 when Kihnu Veeteed's ferry Amalie developed a 10-15 degree list caused by cargo shifting in bad weather. Most of the passengers were evacuated by helicopter and rescue boats. Amalie's crew had attempted to reach Ruhnu harbour before diverting towards Mērsrags in Latvia.

Kihnu Veeteed board member Jaak Kaabel said Amalie's passengers, the vehicles on the car deck, and the ferry its self were unharmed in the incident. Regional minister Madis Kallas said a modern ferry would be procured to provide back-up on services to Ruhnu and the other smaller island routes. Amalie was built in Norway in 1965 and entered service with Kihnu Veeteed in 2004.

## InfoBox

AS Kihnu Veeteed
|
|  |
| Industry | Maritime transportation |
| Founded | 2002 |
| Headquarters | Sääre, Pärnu County, Estonia |
| Key people | Jaak Kaabel (CEO) |
| Website | veeteed.com |


title: Kickturn

abstract: The kickturn is a basic skateboarding trick. It can be done on any ramp or slope. It is the process of riding up on a ramp or slope and then turning to ride back down.

text:
# Kickturn

The **kickturn** is a basic skateboarding trick. It can be done on any ramp or slope. It is the process of riding up on a ramp or slope and then turning to ride back down.

## Process

To complete this trick you must ride up the ramp with considerate speed. Then ride about halfway up the ramp and push back on the tail end of the board until the deck almost touches the ramp. Then make a 180 degree turn and ride back down the ramp.

## Variations

There can be slight variations of the kickturn depending on the skater's footing. If you are Regular footed you turn left to right. If you are Goofy footed you turn right to left.


abstract: The 2001 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election saw Democrat Tim Kaine defeat Republican Jay Katzen.

text:
# 2001 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election

The **2001 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election** saw Democrat Tim Kaine defeat Republican Jay Katzen.

## Candidates

* Tim Kane (Democratic), Former Mayor of Richmond
* Jay Katzen (Republican), State Delegate
* Gary Reams (Libertarian)

## Results

Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2001
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Tim Kaine** | **925,974** | **50.34%** |  |
|  | Republican | Jay Katzen | 883,886 | 48.05% |  |
|  | Libertarian | Gary Reams | 28,783 | 1.56% |  |
|  | Write-ins |  | 490 | 0.02% |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,839,133 |  |  |
|  | Democratic **gain** from Republican | | Swing |  |  |

## InfoBox

2001 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Tim Kaine** Jay Katzen   Party Democratic Republican  Popular vote **925,974** 883,886  Percentage **50.34%** 48.05% | |
| ---  County and independent city results
**Kaine:**      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
**Katzen:**      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% | |
| ---  **Lieutenant-Governor before election**
John H. Hager
Republican **Elected Lieutenant-Governor**
Tim Kaine
Democratic | |


title: 2001 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana

abstract: The 2001 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana was the 59th edition of the Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana road cycling stage race, which was held from 27 February to 3 March 2001. The race started in Puerto Sagunto and finished in Valencia. The race was won by Fabian Jeker of the Milaneza–MSS team.

text:
# 2001 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana

The **2001 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana** was the 59th edition of the Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana road cycling stage race, which was held from 27 February to 3 March 2001. The race started in Puerto Sagunto and finished in Valencia. The race was won by Fabian Jeker of the Milaneza–MSS team.

## General classification

| **Final general classification**  Rank Rider Team Time  1  Fabian Jeker (SUI) Milaneza–MSS 16h 22' 48"  2  Michael Boogerd (NED) Rabobank \+ 13"  3  Alexander Vinokourov (KAZ) Team Telekom \+ 32"  4  Erik Dekker (NED) Rabobank \+ 37"  5  Christian Vande Velde (USA) U.S. Postal Service \+ 50"  6  Viatcheslav Ekimov (RUS) U.S. Postal Service \+ 51"  7  José Azevedo (POR) ONCE–Eroski \+ 1' 01"  8  Francisco Mancebo (ESP) iBanesto.com \+ 1' 15"  9  Leonardo Piepoli (ITA) iBanesto.com \+ 1' 19"  10  Melcior Mauri (ESP) Milaneza–MSS \+ 1' 27" |
| --- |

## InfoBox

2001 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
| Race details | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 27 February–3 March 2001 |
| Stages | 5 |
| Distance | 672.5 km (417.9 mi) |
| Winning time | 16h 22' 48" |
| Results | |
| Winner  Fabian Jeker (SUI)  (Milaneza–MSS)  Second  Michael Boogerd (NED)  (Rabobank)  Third  Alexander Vinokourov (KAZ)  (Team Telekom) | |
|


title: Fucaceae

abstract:
The Fucaceae are a family of brown algae, containing six genera:
  - Ascophyllum Stackhouse – one species
  - Fucus L. – 15 species
  - Hesperophycus Setchell & Gardner – one species
  - Pelvetia Decne. & Thur. – one species
  - Pelvetiopsis N.L.Gardner – two species
  - Silvetia E.Serrão, T.O.Cho, S.M.Boo & S.H.Brawley – three species

text:
# Fucaceae

The **Fucaceae** are a family of brown algae, containing six genera:

## InfoBox

| Fucaceae | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Fucus serratus* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| *Clade*: | Diaphoretickes |
| *Clade*: | SAR |
| *Clade*: | Stramenopiles |
| Phylum: | Gyrista |
| Subphylum: | Ochrophytina |
| Class: | Phaeophyceae |
| Order: | Fucales |
| Family: | Fucaceae<br>Adanson |
|


title: Tiples de Santo Domingo

abstract: The Tiples de Manila is an all-boy vocal group established in 1587 by Rev. Fr. Pedro Bolaños, O.P., and is currently the oldest existing choral group in the Philippines. The word “tiple” in Spanish means the soprano voice of a boy. When members reach the age of puberty, their voices change either to a tenor or a bass. The boys range from 8 years old to 14 and sometimes a little bit older. The group was eventually maintained to sing for the annual celebration of the Feast of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of La Naval de Manila held in October.

text:
# Tiples de Santo Domingo

The **Tiples de Manila** is an all-boy vocal group established in 1587 by Rev. Fr. Pedro Bolaños, O.P., and is currently the oldest existing choral group in the Philippines. The word “tiple” in Spanish means the soprano voice of a boy. When members reach the age of puberty, their voices change either to a tenor or a bass. The boys range from 8 years old to 14 and sometimes a little bit older. The group was eventually maintained to sing for the annual celebration of the Feast of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of La Naval de Manila held in October.

## History

One of the first Dominican priests to arrive to the Philippines in 1587 was Rev. Fr. Pedro Bolaños, O.P. who had a knack for organizing and training boys to sing in the church. It is historically documented that he established such a choir in Bataan. The first Santo Domingo Church was built on January 1, 1588, inside Intramuros and tradition has it that a boys’ choir was also established to sing at the chapel of the Virgin of the Holy Rosary venerated in this church. It can, therefore, be said that the “tiples de Santo Domingo” has already been an integral part of Santo Domingo Church since the 16th century especially when the present image of the Virgin of the Holy Rosary was sculpted in 1593 and Santo Domingo Church became known as her shrine.

When the venerated image of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of La Naval de Manila was brought to the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas during the Second World War, a boys choir was also formed and when the new church of Santo Domingo was built in Quezon City in 1954, the “Tiples de Santo Domingo” was revived with Rev. Fr. Marcelino Diaz, O.P. as choir director. The “Tiples” of the University of Santo Tomas continued for some time but later on gave way to the “Tiples” of Santo Domingo.

## Performances

The Tiples have sung not only inside the confines of Santo Domingo Church, but also in many varied locations. Many times they have been invited to the Malacañang Palace to entertain guests of Philippine Presidents, foreign dignitaries, and the likes. They also have had several concerts at the Cultural Center of the Philippines, at the former American Air Force base in Clark Field, and in other provinces and cities of the Philippines. In the 1970s, after two concerts called “Papuri I” and “Papuri II” they rendered a command performance at the same CCP venue during the General Chapter of the Dominican Order in 1977, held for the first time in the Philippines. The Tiples also performed in the last 39th Bamboo Organ Festival, held in Las Piñas together with the Las Piñas Boys Choir (LPBC). They sang "*Jesu* Joy of Man's Desiring"; by Johann Sebastian Bach, Eternal Life, *Stabat Mater*, *Ynvocacion Ala Reina del Santísimo Rosario*, *Bendita Sea*, and the very famous and renowned, *Despedida Ala Virgen*, and there duet with the LPBC; Duo Seraphim, by Mr. Joy T. Nilo, all conducted by Prof. Eugene Delos Santos. October 2014, the Tiples de Sto. Domingo together with the Hail Mary the Queen Children's Choir and several children's choir performed during the 6th Halina't Umawit; a children's Choir Festival held in the "Tanghalang Nicanor Abelarde" at the Cultural Center of the Philippines. The Tiples continues to sing for Our Lady of the Holy Rosary of La Naval, located in Santo Domingo Church in Quezon City, every Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays during the Mass at 6 in the evening, and Sundays, 10 in the morning. The Chaplain of the Tiples de Sto. Domingo are Bro. Nico Paolo Moron OP and Bro. Michael Angelo Dela Rosa OP.

## InfoBox

| Tiples de Santo Domingo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | Tiples |
| Origin | Manila, Philippines |
| Genres | Choral music |
| Years active | 1587–present |
|  | |
| Members | Prof. Eugene de los Santos, Ph.D.<br>*(Conductor)* |
|  | |
| Website | Tiples de Santo Domingo Official Website |


title: SEAT IBE

abstract: The SEAT IBE is an electric concept car that was first presented by the Spanish brand SEAT at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, with a second version being introduced a few months later at the 2010 Paris Motor Show. Though it is primarily developed for urban mobility, this compact electric coupé car targets both style and driving dynamics.

text:
# SEAT IBE

The **SEAT IBE** is an electric concept car that was first presented by the Spanish brand SEAT at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, with a second version being introduced a few months later at the 2010 Paris Motor Show. Though it is primarily developed for urban mobility, this compact electric coupé car targets both style and driving dynamics.

## Awards

## Design

The SEAT's IBE is 25 centimetres shorter than a SEAT Ibiza, totalizing 3.78 metres of length. It is 1.80 metres large and 1.22 metres high. The low bonnet and the long roof line also aim to lend the two-door vehicle a sporty image.

The front end features new design full-LED headlamps, but still maintains the characteristic V-shaped lines of SEAT's “arrow design”. The rear has been inspired on the work done at the front, while the rear light clusters feature the LED light guide technology and show the “arrow” thematic with a hint of a diffuser beneath the rear bumper area that reflects the visual of the front air intakes.

## Powertrain

The IBE concept car is an all-electric zero emission vehicle powered by an electric engine located together with the power electronics beneath the bonnet. The battery is placed in the car's rear. With a maximum output of 75 kW and 200 Nm of torque the IBE is able to accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h in 9.4 seconds and to reach a top speed of 160 km/h.

According to SEAT, the battery, with a capacity of 18 kWh, has enough range “to cover all the daily mobility requirements of city life”.

## Other Information

The SEAT IBE makes part of a Spanish project for the promotion and development of electric mobility in Spain. The IBE is a first step in this research supported by the Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation (CDTI).

## InfoBox

| SEAT IBE | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | SEAT |
| Production | 2010 (concept car) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door Compact Sports Coupé |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | electric motor |


title: Emanuele Pesaresi

abstract: Emanuele Pesaresi is a former Italian footballer who last played Ancona 1905 in Serie D. He was a fast and aggressive defender who was known for his quick pace and counterattacking ability.

text:
# Emanuele Pesaresi

**Emanuele Pesaresi** (born 10 December 1976) is a former Italian footballer who last played Ancona 1905 in Serie D. He was a fast and aggressive defender who was known for his quick pace and counterattacking ability.

## Club career

Pesaresi started his career at hometown club Ancona of Serie B.

### Sampdoria

In 1995, he signed for Sampdoria of Serie A. After no appearance in 1998–99 season, he left for Napoli of Serie B on loan. In 1999–2000 season, he returned to Sampdoria, but at Serie B.

### Lazio

In 2000, he signed for Lazio of Serie A. He just played twice in Serie A 2000–01. In the next season he left for S.L. Benfica on loan.

### Chievo

In 2002, he signed for Chievo of Serie A, as part of Christian Manfredini's deal. He played 7 league appearances in 2002–03 season. He then left for Ternana of Serie B on loan, where he played 22 matches.

### Serie B

After played once in 2004–05 season, he left again to Torino of Serie B in January 2005. He then stayed in Serie B for Pescara and Triestina. In 2007–08 season, he signed a new contract with Triestina. He played 24 start in 27 appearances.

### Late career

In 2008–09 season, he played for Cremonese at Lega Pro Prima Divisione.

After being out of contract for almost a year, he agreed to join amateurs Piano San Lazzaro of Eccellenza Marche for the final part of the 2009–10 season.

Also for the 2010–11 season, he played as captain, with the same team, which in summer 2010 it has become Ancona 1905, after the radiation of A.C. Ancona.

## International career

Pesaresi won a gold medal at the 1997 Mediterranean Games with the Italy U-21 team.

## InfoBox

Emanuele Pesaresi
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1976-12-10) 10 December 1976 | | |
| Place of birth | Ancona, Italy | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1993–1994 | Ancona | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1994–1995 | Ancona | 15 | (0) |
| 1995–2000 | Sampdoria | 73 | (2) |
| 1998–1999 | Napoli (loan) | 21 | (3) |
| 2000–2002 | Lazio | 2 | (0) |
| 2001–2002 | Benfica (loan) | 11 | (0) |
| 2002–2007 | Chievo | 8 | (0) |
| 2003–2004 | Ternana (loan) | 22 | (0) |
| 2005 | Torino (loan) | 11 | (0) |
| 2005–2006 | Pescara (loan) | 36 | (0) |
| 2006–2007 | Triestina (loan) | 38 | (3) |
| 2007–2008 | Triestina | 27 | (0) |
| 2008–2009 | Cremonese | 31 | (4) |
| 2009–2010 | Piano San Lazzaro | 16 | (1) |
| 2010–2012 | Ancona 1905 | 56 | (7) |
| Total |  | **367** | **(20)** |
| International career | | | |
| 1994–1995 | Italy U-18 | 8 | (0) |
| 1995–1997 | Italy U-21 / Olympics | 9 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Staala

abstract: Staala gwaii, the Haida Gwaii slug, is a species of slug in the family Arionidae. It is the only species in the genus Staala.

text:
# Staala

***Staala gwaii***, the **Haida Gwaii slug**, is a species of slug in the family Arionidae. It is the only species in the genus ***Staala***.

## Distribution

Scientists catalogued the Haida Gwaii slug in 2003 in Haida Gwaii. It was thereafter noted on Brooks Peninsula on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. These areas were both refugia or nearby refugia during the Late Glacial Maximum. Therefore they harbour several Ice Age relicts, of which *Staala gwaii* is just one. This camelback slug is a poor disperser, and has not expanded beyond its range.

## Description

The slug grows to 1-2 cm long. Its distinctive mantle features a pronounced hump, and small, black-tipped projections or papillae cover its entire body. It is jet black to grey or tan in colour.

## InfoBox

| *Staala* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Special Concern (COSEWIC) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Arionidae |
| Genus: | *Staala*
Ovaska, Chichester and Sopuck, 2010 |
| Species: | ***S. gwaii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Staala gwaii***
Ovaska, Chichester and Sopuck, 2010 | |
|


title: Ron Ferguson (footballer)

abstract: Ronald Charles Ferguson, known as Ron or Ronnie Ferguson, is an English former footballer who played in the Football League for Sheffield Wednesday, Scunthorpe United and Darlington, and in the Belgian League for Racing Jet de Bruxelles and La Louvière, in the 1970s and 1980s. He played as a forward.

text:
# Ron Ferguson (footballer)

**Ronald Charles Ferguson** (born 9 February 1957), known as **Ron** or **Ronnie Ferguson**, is an English former footballer who played in the Football League for Sheffield Wednesday, Scunthorpe United and Darlington, and in the Belgian League for Racing Jet de Bruxelles and La Louvière, in the 1970s and 1980s. He played as a forward.

## Life and career

Ferguson was born in Accrington, Lancashire, and attended Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire. He began his football career as a youngster with Sheffield Wednesday, and made his first-team debut on 9 November 1974, a couple of months after his 17th birthday; he scored the opening goal in a 3–0 defeat of York City in the Second Division. He finished the season with eleven appearances. In December 1975, he joined Fourth Division club Scunthorpe United on loan; he played three times without scoring. Sheffield Wednesday released Ferguson in the second half of the 1975–76 season, and he signed for Fourth Division Darlington, for whom he scored the only goal of the game against Torquay United on 15 March 1976.

In December 1976, Ferguson scored the only goal of the match to eliminate Wednesday from the 1976–77 FA Cup. The powerful drive, from a distance estimated at anything from 30 to 50 yards (25 to 45 m), was voted best goal ever seen at Darlington's Feethams ground in a 2003 poll on the occasion of the ground's closure. Two weeks later, he scored in the local derby with Hartlepool in less spectacular fashion, "scrambl\[ing\] in the equaliser" after an hour of the match. In something over four seasons with Darlington, he made 114 league appearances and scored 18 goals.

In 1980, Ferguson began a six-season spell with Racing Jet de Bruxelles, then of the Belgian Second Division. During that time they were relegated to the third tier, enjoyed two successive promotions to spend the 1984–85 season in the First Division, and returned to the Second. They were promoted in 1986, but that year Ferguson moved on to La Louvière, where he spent three seasons playing in the third tier.

## InfoBox

Ron Ferguson
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Ronald Charles Ferguson | | |
| Date of birth | (1957-02-09)9 February 1957 | | |
| Place of birth | Accrington, England | | |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Sheffield Wednesday | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1974–1976 | Sheffield Wednesday | 11 | (1) |
| 1975–1976 | Scunthorpe United (loan) | 3 | (0) |
| 1976–1980 | Darlington | 114 | (18) |
| 1980–1986 | Racing Jet de Bruxelles | 135 | (35) |
| 1986–1989 | La Louvière | 28 | (10) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Stolen Heaven (1938 film)

abstract: Stolen Heaven is a 1938 American drama film directed by Andrew L. Stone and written by Eve Greene, Frederick J. Jackson and Stone. The film stars Gene Raymond, Olympe Bradna and Glenda Farrell. The film was released on May 13, 1938, by Paramount Pictures. The screenplay concerns two jewel thieves who pose as musicians to elude pursuing law officers.

text:
# Stolen Heaven (1938 film)

***Stolen Heaven*** is a 1938 American drama film directed by Andrew L. Stone and written by Eve Greene, Frederick J. Jackson and Stone. The film stars Gene Raymond, Olympe Bradna and Glenda Farrell. The film was released on May 13, 1938, by Paramount Pictures. The screenplay concerns two jewel thieves who pose as musicians to elude pursuing law officers.

## Plot

The film has been called a "musical melodrama". A female jewel thief named Steffi, a.k.a. "Will O'the Wisp", robs a jewelry store with her partners Von, Rita and Bako. The thieves pose as musicians to throw the police off their trail.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Stolen Heaven | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Andrew L. Stone |
| Written by | Eve Greene
Frederick J. Jackson
Andrew L. Stone |
| Starring | Gene Raymond
Olympe Bradna
Glenda Farrell |
| Cinematography | William C. Mellor |
| Edited by | Doane Harrison |
| Production
company | Paramount Pictures |
| Distributed by | Paramount Pictures |
| Release date | * May 13, 1938 (1938-05-13) |
| Running time | 88 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Rodrigo de Mandiá y Parga

abstract: Rodrigo de Mandiá y Parga was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Astorga (1672–1674), Bishop of Almería (1663–1672), and Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo (1652-1663).

text:
# Rodrigo de Mandiá y Parga

**Rodrigo de Mandiá y Parga** (1606  20 October 1674) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Astorga (1672–1674), Bishop of Almería (1663–1672), and Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo (1652-1663).

## Biography

Rodrigo de Mandiá y Parga was born in Ferrol, Spain in 1606. On 14 October 1652, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Innocent X as Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo and Titular Bishop of *Siriensis*. On 9 April 1663, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Alexander VII as Bishop of Almería. On 12 December 1672, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement X as Bishop of Astorga. He served as Bishop of Astorga until his death on 20 October 1674. While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of Principal Consecrator Carlo Bonelli, Titular Archbishop of *Corinthus.*

* Cheney, David M. "Diocese of Astorga". *Catholic-Hierarchy.org*. Retrieved March 25, 2018. (for Chronology of Bishops) \[*self-published*\]
* Chow, Gabriel. "Diocese of Astorga (Spain)". *GCatholic.org*. Retrieved March 25, 2018. (for Chronology of Bishops) \[*self-published*\]

## InfoBox

| Most Reverend
Rodrigo de Mandiá y Parga | |
| --- | --- |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Archdiocese | Diocese of Astorga |
| In office | 1672–1674 |
| Predecessor | Matías de Moratinos y Santos |
| Successor | Diego de Silva y Pacheco |
| Previous post(s) | Bishop of Almería (1663–1672)
Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo (1652–1663) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1606
Ferrol, Spain |
| Died | 20 October 1674 (age 68)
Astorga, Spain |


title: Pustelnik, Łódź Voivodeship

abstract: Pustelnik is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeźnio, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Brzeźnio, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 66 km (41 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

text:
# Pustelnik, Łódź Voivodeship

**Pustelnik** \[pusˈtɛlɲik\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeźnio, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Brzeźnio, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 66 km (41 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Pustelnik | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Pustelnik | |
| Coordinates: 51°30′52″N 18°37′16″E / 51.51444°N 18.62111°E / 51.51444; 18.62111 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Sieradz |
| Gmina | Brzeźnio |
| Population | 120 |


title: Elena Raffalovich

abstract: Elena Raffalovich (1842-1918), was a Russian Empire educator. A noted figure within the pioneers of the Kindergarten, she was foremost active in Italy.

text:
# Elena Raffalovich

**Elena Raffalovich** (1842-1918), was a Russian Empire educator. A noted figure within the pioneers of the *Kindergarten*, she was foremost active in Italy.

## Biography

Elena Raffalovich was born on 22 May 1842 in Odessa. She was the third daughter of Leon and Rosette Lowensohn; her sisters were Marie and Nadine. In 1861, her family settled in Western Europe.

In 1872, Raffalovich went to Florence, where she met Bertha von Marenholtz-Bülow. Marenholtz-Bülow was an adherent of Froebelism and introduced the philosophy to Raffalovich. Raffalovich attempted to found a kindergarten in Florence, to limited success. In 1873, Raffalovich founded the first Froebelian kindergarten in Venice.

Raffalovich died on 29 November 2018.

### Family

She married the scholar Domenico Comparetti on 13 August 1863. They had one daughter, Laura. Raffalovich and Comparetti separated in January 1872, possibly after she attempted suicide.

She was the paternal great-grandmother of Lorenzo Milani.

* Duilio Gasparini, Adolfo Pick. Il pensiero e l'opera, 3 voll., Biblioteca Nazionale Pedagogica, Firenze, 1968
* Salah, Asher (November 2015). "From Odessa to Florence: Elena Comparetti Raffalovich. A Jewish Russian Woman in Nineteenth-Century Italy". *QUEST Issues in Contemporary Jewish History* (08). doi:10.48248/issn.2037-741X/742. Retrieved 23 July 2024.


title: Elena Quinteros

abstract: Elena Quinteros was a Uruguayan anarchist and school teacher. Quinteros was last seen in the 300 Carlos detention center during the civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay. She tried to escape asking for help in the Venezuelan embassy, but she was taken by force near the entrance. A few days later she was tortured and killed. Because of this, Venezuela broke off diplomatic relations with Uruguay until democracy was restored in 1985. There was an investigation in the mid-2000s into the disappearance of Quinteros and others. The School Nº 181 changed its name to Elena Quinteros School.

text:
# Elena Quinteros

**Elena Quinteros** (September 9, 1945, in Montevideo – missing from 1976) was a Uruguayan anarchist and school teacher. Quinteros was last seen in the 300 Carlos detention center during the civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay. She tried to escape asking for help in the Venezuelan embassy, but she was taken by force near the entrance. A few days later she was tortured and killed. Because of this, Venezuela broke off diplomatic relations with Uruguay until democracy was restored in 1985. There was an investigation in the mid-2000s into the disappearance of Quinteros and others.

The School Nº 181 changed its name to Elena Quinteros School.

## InfoBox

| Elena Quinteros | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1945-09-09)September 9, 1945 |
| Died | 1976 |
| Nationality | Uruguayan |
| Occupation | School teacher |


title: Eleousa Monastery, Achaea

abstract: The Eleousa Monastery is an Orthodox female Monastery dedicated to the Nativity of the Theotokos. It is located at an altitude of approximately 610 meters in the northeastern foothills of Panahaiko, near the southern ends of Ziria, its tributary. It is located on the southern road, which leads from Agios Vasileios, Rio to Kamares, between the villages of Pititsa, Voteni and the settlements of Salmeniko. Access is very easy by car.

text:
# Eleousa Monastery, Achaea

The **Eleousa Monastery** (Greek: *Μονή Αγίας Ελεούσης*) is an Orthodox female Monastery dedicated to the Nativity of the Theotokos.

It is located at an altitude of approximately 610 meters in the northeastern foothills of Panahaiko, near the southern ends of Ziria, its tributary. It is located on the southern road, which leads from Agios Vasileios, Rio to Kamares, between the villages of Pititsa, Voteni and the settlements of Salmeniko. Access is very easy by car.

## History of the Monastery

It is a modern monastery, but it is unknown when it was originally created, perhaps in the 14th century or later. The original site of the monastery, the so-called "Old Monastery", was located just outside the village of Pititsa, where the cavernous Naidrium of the Ascension is located, which was used as the original katholikon (mainly temple) of the Monastery. However, the original monastery was abandoned due to the harsh winter conditions and moved to its current lower location.

In the "Old Monastery", where in the past there were ruins of cells as well as the ruined church of Agios Charalambos, frescoes are preserved, the study of the technique of which has concluded that they were probably created at the end of the 17th century, while a second layer of frescoes from the 18th century has also been identified.

There are opinions that a patriarchal seal of 1741 refers to the monastery as a share of the Monastery of Panagia Vlacherna, an old monastery of Ilia that was then ecclesiastically subordinated to the then Metropolis of Old Patras. According to traditions, women and children had found shelter in the "Old Monastery" during the Revolution of 1821, whom Golfinos Loubistanos betrayed by causing their death. In 1834 it was considered a dissolved Monastery. According to an inscription, the catholicon of the Monastery of Saint Eleousa was renovated in 1854.

Until 1930 it functioned as a male monastery, then it was dissolved and reconstructed in 1947; since then it has been functioning as a female monastery.

1. Ε.Ε.Τ.Α.Α. - Διοικητικές μεταβολές Μονής Αγίας Ελεούσης Αχαΐας. eetaa.gr. Ανακτήθηκε: 17/12/2017
2. Αναφέρεται ως έτος κτίσεως το 1510. Τριανταφύλλου 1995, λήμμα Ελεούσης.
3. Μόνιμος πληθυσμός μοναχών: 15. Βλ. Ε.Σ.Υ.Ε. - Μόνιμος Πληθυσμός της Ελλάδος. Απογραφή 2001
4. Το 2009 είχε μόνιμο πληθυσμό 11 μοναχές. Βλ. Λουλούδης 2010, σελ. 120.

## Sources

## InfoBox

Eleousa Monastery
| Μονή Αγίας Ελεούσης | |
| --- | --- |
| Monastery information | |
| Other names | Panagia Eleousa Monastery |
| Established | 1510 |
| Dedicated to | Nativity of the Theotokos |
| Celebration date | September 8 |
| Diocese | Metropolis of Patras |
| Site | |
| Location | Salmeniko, Achaia |
| Country | Greece |
| Coordinates | 38°15′39″N 21°54′40″E / 38.26083°N 21.91111°E / 38.26083; 21.91111 |


title: Pácsony

abstract: Pácsony is a village in Vas county, Hungary.

text:
# Pácsony

**Pácsony** is a village in Vas county, Hungary.

47°01′N 16°52′E / 47.017°N 16.867°E / 47.017; 16.867

## InfoBox

| Pácsony | |
| --- | --- |
| PácsonyLocation of Pácsony in Hungary | |
| Coordinates: 47°00′57″N 16°51′19″E / 47.01581°N 16.85530°E / 47.01581; 16.85530 | |
| Country | Hungary |
| Region | Western Transdanubia |
| County | Vas |
| Subregion | Vasvári |
| Rank | Village |
| Area | |
| Total | 10.01 km2 (3.86 sq mi) |
| Population (1 October 2011) | |
| Total | 272 |
| Density | 27/km2 (70/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 9823 |
| Area code | +36 94 |
| KSH code | 07162 |
| Website | http://www.pacsony.hu/ |


title: Putkaqucha (Yauli)

abstract: Putkaqucha is a lake in Peru located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Suitucancha District. It lies in the Paryaqaqa or Waruchiri mountain range, south of the mountain Putka. There is a smaller lake of the same name nearby west of Putkaqucha. It lies at 11°50′28″S 76°01′45″W.

text:
# Putkaqucha (Yauli)

**Putkaqucha** (Quechua *putka* muddy (Jauja Quechua), *qucha* lake, lagoon, "muddy lake", Hispanicized spelling *Putcacocha*) is a lake in Peru located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Suitucancha District. It lies in the Paryaqaqa or Waruchiri mountain range, south of the mountain Putka.

There is a smaller lake of the same name nearby west of Putkaqucha. It lies at 11°50′28″S 76°01′45″W / 11.84111°S 76.02917°W / -11.84111; -76.02917.

## InfoBox

| Putkaqucha | |
| --- | --- |
| Putkaqucha | |
| Location | Junín Region, Yauli Province, Suitucancha District |
| Coordinates | 11°50′41″S 76°02′40″W / 11.84472°S 76.04444°W / -11.84472; -76.04444 |
| Basin countries | Peru |


title: Electoral district of Macquarie Fields

abstract: Macquarie Fields is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, located in the outer south-western suburbs of Sydney. It is currently represented by Anoulack Chanthivong of the Labor Party.

text:
# Electoral district of Macquarie Fields

**Macquarie Fields** is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, located in the outer south-western suburbs of Sydney. It is currently represented by Anoulack Chanthivong of the Labor Party.

## Geography

On its current boundaries, Macquarie Fields takes in the suburbs of Bardia, Bow Bowing, Casula, Cross Roads, Denham Court, Edmondson Park, Eschol Park, Glenfield, Ingleburn, Kearns, Kentlyn, Leppington, Leumeah, Long Point, Macquarie Fields, Macquarie Links, Minto, Minto Heights, Raby, St Andrews and Varroville.

## Members for Macquarie Fields

| First incarnation (1988—1991) | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Member | | Party | Term |
|  | Stan Knowles | Labor | 1988–1990 |
|  | Craig Knowles | Labor | 1990–1991 |
| Second incarnation (1999—present) | | | |
| Member | | Party | Term |
|  | Craig Knowles | Labor | 1999–2005 |
|  | Steven Chaytor | Labor | 2005–2007 |
|  | Andrew McDonald | Labor | 2007–2015 |
|  | Anoulack Chanthivong | Labor | 2015–present |

## Election results

2023 New South Wales state election: Macquarie Fields
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Anoulack Chanthivong | 28,089 | 57.1 | +3.7 |
|  | Liberal | Khairul Chowdhury | 10,682 | 21.7 | −6.8 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Gemma Noiosi | 4,122 | 8.4 | +8.3 |
|  | Greens | Seamus Lee | 2,349 | 4.8 | +0.6 |
|  | Animal Justice | Donna Wilson | 2,346 | 4.8 | +4.5 |
|  | Sustainable Australia | Michael Clark | 1,606 | 3.3 | +3.3 |
| Total formal votes | | | 49,194 | 95.6 | +0.2 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,266 | 4.4 | −0.2 |
| Turnout | | | 51,460 | 86.3 | −0.3 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Anoulack Chanthivong | 30,468 | 69.9 | +5.0 |
|  | Liberal | Khairul Chowdhury | 13,141 | 30.1 | −5.0 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | +5.0 |  |

## InfoBox

| Macquarie Fields
New South WalesLegislative Assembly | |
| --- | --- |
| Interactive map of district boundaries from the 2023 state election | |
| State | New South Wales |
| Dates current | 1988–1991, 1999–present |
| MP | Anoulack Chanthivong |
| Party | Labor Party |
| Namesake | Macquarie Fields |
| Electors | 61,782 (2019) |
| Area | 94.19 km2 (36.4 sq mi) |
| Demographic | Outer-metropolitan |
| **Electorates around Macquarie Fields:**  Leppington Leppington Holsworthy  Leppington Macquarie Fields Holsworthy  Leppington Campbelltown Campbelltown | |


title: Pârâul Alb (Timiș)

abstract: The Pârâul Alb is a left tributary of the river Feneș in Romania. It discharges into the Feneș in the village Feneș. Its length is 22 km (14 mi) and its basin size is 62 km⁲ (24 sq mi).

text:
# Pârâul Alb (Timiș)

The **Pârâul Alb** is a left tributary of the river Feneș in Romania. It discharges into the Feneș in the village Feneș. Its length is 22 km (14 mi) and its basin size is 62 km2 (24 sq mi).

## InfoBox

| Pârâul Alb | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Romania |
| Counties | Caraș-Severin County |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth | Feneș |
| location | Feneș |
| coordinates | 45°11′26″N 22°21′15″E / 45.1905°N 22.3542°E / 45.1905; 22.3542 |
| Length | 22 km (14 mi) |
| Basin size | 62 km2 (24 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | FeneșTimișDanubeBlack Sea |
| Tributaries |  |
| left | Deavoia |


title: Elie Primary School

abstract: Elie Primary School is a school in Elie, Fife, Scotland. It is located partly in a Category C listed building dating from 1858. The architect of the relevant north block was Elie native John Currie.

text:
# Elie Primary School

**Elie Primary School** is a school in Elie, Fife, Scotland. It is located partly in a Category C listed building dating from 1858. The architect of the relevant north block was Elie native John Currie.

## InfoBox

| Elie Primary School | |
| --- | --- |
| The original school block in 2007 | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Park Place |
| Town or city | Elie, Fife |
| Country | Scotland |
| Coordinates | 56°11′33″N 2°49′21″W / 56.192611°N 2.822430°W / 56.192611; -2.822430 |
| Completed | 1858 (1858) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 1 (plus attic) |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | John Currie (north block) |
| Website | |
| https://www.fife.gov.uk/facilities/primary-school/elie-primary-school | |


title: Elias Nassar

abstract: Elias Nassar is the retired eparch of the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Sidon.

text:
# Elias Nassar

**Elias Nassar** (born 25 October 1960) is the retired eparch of the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Sidon.

## Life

Elias Nassar was born in Sarba, Lebanon. He was ordained priest on 18 August 1990 by Eparchy of Sidon.

The Synod of the Maronite Church elected him on 24 September 2005 to the Eparchy of Sidon. His confirmation by the Holy See took place on 28 December 2005. Maronite Patriarch of Antioch, Cardinal Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir, ordained Nassar to the episcopate and his co-consecrators were Roland Aboujaoudé, Auxiliary bishop of Antioch and Emeritus Eparch of Sidon, Tanios El Khoury, on 11 February 2006.

Elias Nassar was since 2009 President of the Episcopal Commission for the missionary cooperation among the churches. As participant in the Synod of Bishops for the Middle East in October 2010, he called emphatically about the dialogue with Islam. He praised the mutual enrichment of Christianity and Islam, and underlined that since fourteen hundred years coexistence between Christians and Muslims had been assured.

On 30 January 2017, Nassar resigned.


title: Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus

abstract: Elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses (EEHV) or Elephantid betaherpesvirus 1 (ElHV-1) is a type of herpesvirus, which can cause a highly fatal hemorrhagic disease when transmitted to young Asian elephants. In African elephants, related forms of these viruses, which have been identified in wild populations, are generally benign, occasionally surfacing to cause small growths or lesions. However, some types of EEHV can cause a highly fatal disease in Asian elephants, which kills up to 80% of severely affected individuals. The disease can be treated with the rapid application of antiviral drugs, but this has only been effective in around a third of cases. The first case of a fatal form of the disease was documented in 1990, though tissue samples from as early as the 1980s have since tested positive for the virus, and localized skin lesions in wild African elephants were recorded in the 1970s. Since 1995, there have been over fifty documented disease cases in North America and Europe, of which only nine have been successfully cured. Those affected are mostly young animals born in captivity, though a small number of older wild-born adults held in zoos have died, and a number of cases caused by the same pathogenic type of EEHV have been identified in both orphan and wild calves in Asian elephant populations.

text:
# Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus

**Elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses** (EEHV) or ***Elephantid betaherpesvirus 1*** (ElHV-1) is a type of herpesvirus, which can cause a highly fatal hemorrhagic disease when transmitted to young Asian elephants. In African elephants, related forms of these viruses, which have been identified in wild populations, are generally benign, occasionally surfacing to cause small growths or lesions. However, some types of EEHV can cause a highly fatal disease in Asian elephants, which kills up to 80% of severely affected individuals. The disease can be treated with the rapid application of antiviral drugs, but this has only been effective in around a third of cases.

The first case of a fatal form of the disease was documented in 1990, though tissue samples from as early as the 1980s have since tested positive for the virus, and localized skin lesions in wild African elephants were recorded in the 1970s. Since 1995, there have been over fifty documented disease cases in North America and Europe, of which only nine have been successfully cured. Those affected are mostly young animals born in captivity, though a small number of older wild-born adults held in zoos have died, and a number of cases caused by the same pathogenic type of EEHV have been identified in both orphan and wild calves in Asian elephant populations.

## Virus and transmission

The EEHVs are members of the *Proboscivirus* genus, a novel clade most closely related to the mammalian betaherpesviruses that have been responsible for as many as 70 deaths of both zoo and wild Asian elephants worldwide, especially in young calves. There are currently six known species/types of the probosciviruses, and the most commonly encountered and most pathogenic form EEHV1 also has two chimeric subtypes, 1A and 1B, as well as numerous distinct strains.

EEHV1A (originally just known as EEHV1) was the first species/type identified, which causes an acute hemorrhagic disease with a very high mortality rate in Asian elephants. This form of the virus was originally believed to occur naturally in African elephants (occasionally producing skin nodules), and to be transmitted to Asian elephants within captivity, but more extensive studies have since largely disproved this concept because several other species/types of EEHV (e.g. EEHV2, EEHV3 and EEHV6) instead have been identified in African elephants. A second lethal subtype, EEHV1B, was identified in Asian elephants in 2001. EEHV3, EEHV4 and EEHV5 have also each been responsible for the deaths of at least one Asian elephant calf.

EEHV2 has caused hemorrhagic disease in several African elephants as reported by. Along with EEHV3 and EEHV6 it has also been found in pulmonary lymph nodes of several autopsied wild and zoo African elephants.

There are a further five or six species/types and varieties of elephant gammaherpesvirus (EGHVs) found in eye and genital secretions of many healthy Asian and African zoo elephants - e.g. EGHV1, EGHV2, EGHV3A, EGHV3B, EGHV4 and EGHV5 (also called Elephantid gammaherpesviruses EIHV3, EIHV4, EIHV5, EIHV6, ElHV9 and ElHV10) - all of which are classified in the subfamily *Gammaherpesvirinae* rather than *Betaherpesvirinae*. These viruses are neither closely related to the EEHVs, nor the known cause of any disease symptoms.

Studies have also detected both EEHV1A and EEHV1B as being shed in trunk wash secretions by healthy asymptomatic Asian zoo elephant herdmates of calves that previously had disease. and similarly for EEHV5. Thus, similar to saliva for most human and animal herpesviruses, the trunk secretions may be a source of transmission for EEHVs. Because of concerns about the origins of EEHV1 and evidence of cross-species transmission for EEHV3, long-term contact between Asian and African elephants has been discouraged, along with avoiding new contacts between young captive-born Asian elephants and wild-born Asian elephants, as the latter may be carriers of the disease. An analysis of a number of North American cases, which ruled out the direct transmission of the virus between any of the affected facilities studied, strongly supported the idea of a significant Asian carrier population. This is supported by the fact that some of the deceased calves had no possible contact with any African elephants. Artificial insemination is not believed to be a transmission factor, notes that when multiple calves of a single bull or cow elephant died at different times (even at the same facility) they nearly all had distinct strains of the virus, yet when two calves died or became infected at the same time at the same facility the pairs have always had identical virus strains. A program of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing began in 2005, aiming to test blood samples from around a thousand elephants for antibodies to the virus in order to help identify carriers and possible transmission patterns.

## Effects and treatment

In benign infections found in some wild and captive African elephants, these viruses can affect either the skin or the pulmonary system. In the former case, it produces small pinkish nodules on the head and trunk in juveniles, which appear for a few weeks and then regress, suggesting an intermittently reactivated localized infection that mostly remains dormant. In the second case, it has been found in small white pulmonary nodules on necropsy of many asymptomatic adults. These are both characteristic of EEHV2, EEHV3 and EEHV6.

In a fatal attack, however, it manifests very quickly. In a number of cases, death has occurred within 24 hours of the onset of the infection, while other cases do not last longer than around five days. The virus attacks endothelial cells, rupturing capillaries and causing blood loss and haemorrhaging; once this reaches the heart, the haemorrhage kills quickly through shock. Symptoms include lethargy and an unwillingness to eat, a rapid heartbeat, and decreased blood-cell count, as well as cyanosis of the tongue, mouth ulcers, and oedema of the head and trunk.

Rapid treatment with famciclovir, sustained for around a month, has appeared to cure eight calves infected with EEHV1; however, this treatment is very expensive, only partially effective, and relies on early identification of the infection.

A polymerase chain reaction test on a blood sample from affected animals will confirm a suspected case by identifying the viral DNA, though it is now common to start famciclovir treatment at the earliest possible moment rather than waiting for confirmation of the case. Prior to the development of the test, or in circumstances where it is not available, the disease may be misdiagnosed as any of a number of other conditions which have a quick onset leading to rapid death, including encephalomyocarditis and salmonellosis.

## History

The virus has been identified in the pulmonary nodules of African elephants as far back as the 1970s. The first recognised fatal case of EEHV in an Asian elephant was identified at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C., in 1995; testing on stored tissue samples was able to identify a number of earlier deaths as being due to the same virus. These cases have so far been identified as early as 1983. Since this date, there have been a total of 54 more cases in North America and Europe, nine of which were successfully treated. The May 2009 deaths of two calves at Whipsnade Zoo were not included in this calculation. This gives a fatality rate of over 80% among known symptomatic disease cases. In cases where antiviral medication was applied, treatment was effective in about one in three cases. As of 2005, there were twelve cases where famciclovir had been used, eight of which were fatal. As a fraction of the overall population, it has been calculated that of the 78 Asian elephants born in captivity in North America between 1978 and 2007, 19 are known to have died of EEHV, and five more were successfully treated with antiviral medication.

The affected animals are mostly young Asian elephants that had been born in captivity, with half the cases in North America being between the ages of one and four years (and three-quarters between one and eight years old). Some cases have affected newborns or adult elephants born in the wild (oldest aged 40 years), and three recorded cases have affected African elephants. The first documented fatal case for African elephants was Kijana, an eleven-month-old male in 1996. Since 2008, a number of cases have been attributed to EEHV1 among wild Asian elephants.

The first suspected case in Asia was in 1997, though it was not until the fifth suspected case that the presence of the virus could be confirmed. This case was reported in 2006, with the death of a young wild-born female calf at an elephant sanctuary in Cambodia. The virus was identified as part of the EEHV1 group, the same as previously identified in the North American and European captive populations. In 2013, nine lethal cases from India were extensively characterized and found to consist of a wide variety of genetically diverged strains of EEHV1A and EEHV1B matching the subtypes and genetic range of nearly all those found previously in Europe and North America. Cases attributed to EEHV1A and EEHV4 have also been reported in Thailand and there is both confirmed and anecdotal evidence for similar hemorrhagic disease deaths of between 16 and 30 more calves in Asian countries including Thailand, India, Nepal, Myanmar and Indonesia within the past five years. Thus, this is not just a disease of captive elephants, but is endogenous to and possibly rampant in Asian elephants in the wild also. Further research has been noted as "urgently required" to study the situation in regions with wild Asian elephant populations.

On 12 June 2019 it was reported that in Chester Zoo the 2-year-old Indian elephant calf Indali Hi Way had fully recovered from EEHV, after numerous treatments over 2 weeks, and that there is now hope of a vaccine for EEHV.

In 2020, a 1-year-old Asian elephant named Ajay, from the Rosamond Gifford Zoo in Syracuse, New York, which was popular in the area, died from the virus.

In July 2024 Dublin Zoo reported two deaths from the virus. Avani who was 8 years old and Zinda who was 7 both passed away from the virus.

* Hayward GS; Heaggans SY; Zong J-C; Latimer E; Richman LK (2011). *Detection and Significance of Multiple EEHV Species in African Elephants*. International Elephant Conservation and Research Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa.

## InfoBox

| *Elephantid betaherpesvirus 1* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Virus classification | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| *Realm*: | *Duplodnaviria* |
| Kingdom: | *Heunggongvirae* |
| Phylum: | *Peploviricota* |
| Class: | *Herviviricetes* |
| Order: | *Herpesvirales* |
| Family: | *Orthoherpesviridae* |
| Genus: | *Proboscivirus* |
| Species: | ***Elephantid betaherpesvirus 1*** |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Elephantid herpesvirus 1* | |


title: Elizabeth Dickson (bowls)

abstract: Elizabeth Dickson was a Scottish international lawn bowler. Dickson represented Scotland for 25 years at BIWBC Senior International level from 1998 to 2012. Dickson was a member of the Eyemouth BC. In 1994, she was selected by Scotland for the fours event at the 1994 Commonwealth Games in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada and won a bronze medal with Betty Forsyth, Janice Maxwell and Dorothy Barr. In 1995 she won the fours gold medal at the Atlantic Bowls Championships. Dickson died in 2022.

text:
# Elizabeth Dickson (bowls)

**Elizabeth Dickson** (died 2022) was a Scottish international lawn bowler.

Dickson represented Scotland for 25 years at BIWBC Senior International level from 1998 to 2012. Dickson was a member of the Eyemouth BC. In 1994, she was selected by Scotland for the fours event at the 1994 Commonwealth Games in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada and won a bronze medal with Betty Forsyth, Janice Maxwell and Dorothy Barr.

In 1995 she won the fours gold medal at the Atlantic Bowls Championships.

Dickson died in 2022.

## InfoBox

Elizabeth Dickson
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | British (Scottish) |
| Died | 2022 |
| Sport | |
| Club | Eyemouth BC |
| Medal record      Representing  Scotland  Commonwealth Games  1994 Victoria  fours  Atlantic Bowls Championships  1995 Durban fours | |


title: Elio Zagato

abstract: Elio Zagato was an Italian automobile designer. Like his elder brother Gianni Zagato (1929–2020), Elio Zagato was passionate about coachbuilding and joined his father Ugo Zagato's design firm Zagato in Milan. Upon Ugo's death in 1968, Elio took over the company's management. Zagato also raced cars and was one of the founders of Scuderia Ambrosiana in Milan. He won the Targa Florio in 1959, the Coppa Inter-Europa in 1954, the Dolomites Gold Cup Race and the Berlin Avus Cup in 1955 as well as five GT series. Elio's son, Andrea Zagato, took charge of the family business in 2019, jointly with his wife Marella Rivolta-Zagato, daughter to Piero Rivolta of the carmaker Iso Automoveicoli S.p.A. Zagato's autobiography Storie di corse e non solo was published in 2002.

text:
# Elio Zagato

**Elio Zagato** (27 February 1921  14 September 2009) was an Italian automobile designer.

Like his elder brother Gianni Zagato (1929–2020), Elio Zagato was passionate about coachbuilding and joined his father Ugo Zagato's design firm Zagato in Milan. Upon Ugo's death in 1968, Elio took over the company's management.

Zagato also raced cars and was one of the founders of Scuderia Ambrosiana in Milan. He won the Targa Florio in 1959, the Coppa Inter-Europa in 1954, the Dolomites Gold Cup Race and the Berlin Avus Cup in 1955 as well as five GT series.

Elio's son, Andrea Zagato, took charge of the family business in 2019, jointly with his wife Marella Rivolta-Zagato, daughter to Piero Rivolta of the carmaker Iso Automoveicoli S.p.A.

Zagato's autobiography *Storie di corse e non solo* (*Racing stories and more*) was published in 2002.

## InfoBox

| Elio Zagato | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Died | 14 September 2009 |


title: Elioak, Maryland

abstract: Elioak is an unincorporated community in Howard County, Maryland, United States. It was the home of the "Pushpin Farm", a 200-acre slave plantation purchased in 1724 in the Howard District of Anne Arundel County by Col. Edward Dorsey and which is the site of many prominent Dorsey family graves. The postal community was named after the Elioak plantation built by Owen Dorsey, Judge of the Baltimore Orphans' Court. A postal office operated in the community from June 12, 1893 to September 15, 1922. Local farm orchards were known for prize winning apples and pears. Local families such as the Kahler, Miller, and Worthington claimed Elioak as home while they served in World War I. After the war, the name fell out of use. The road from Elioak to Simpsonville was resurveyed in 1820 as part of Charles Carroll's 13,000 acre Doughoregan Manor, with a stone inscription that read, "There stand the beginning trees of Doughoregan, Push Pin and the Girl's Portion". It would become paved in the early 1900s to form Route 108. The interior of the curving road formed the unofficial western boundary targeted for public water and sewer, as well as the area purchased by land speculators for the Rouse Company development of Columbia. The exterior forms the rural boundary of Howard County targeted for preservation though easements created by Senator Clark of Elioak Farm in the 1980s.

text:
# Elioak, Maryland

39°14′5″N 76°53′12″W / 39.23472°N 76.88667°W / 39.23472; -76.88667 **Elioak** is an unincorporated community in Howard County, Maryland, United States. It was the home of the "Pushpin Farm", a 200-acre slave plantation purchased in 1724 in the Howard District of Anne Arundel County by Col. Edward Dorsey and which is the site of many prominent Dorsey family graves. The postal community was named after the Elioak plantation built by Owen Dorsey, Judge of the Baltimore Orphans' Court. A postal office operated in the community from June 12, 1893 to September 15, 1922. Local farm orchards were known for prize winning apples and pears. Local families such as the Kahler, Miller, and Worthington claimed Elioak as home while they served in World War I. After the war, the name fell out of use.

The road from Elioak to Simpsonville was resurveyed in 1820 as part of Charles Carroll's 13,000 acre Doughoregan Manor, with a stone inscription that read, "There stand the beginning trees of Doughoregan, Push Pin and the Girl's Portion". It would become paved in the early 1900s to form Route 108. The interior of the curving road formed the unofficial western boundary targeted for public water and sewer, as well as the area purchased by land speculators for the Rouse Company development of Columbia. The exterior forms the rural boundary of Howard County targeted for preservation though easements created by Senator Clark of Elioak Farm in the 1980s.


title: Péter Várhidi

abstract: Péter Várhidi is a Hungarian football coach and former player who played as a defender. He served as the head coach of the national team.

text:
# Péter Várhidi

**Péter Várhidi** (born 8 May 1958) is a Hungarian football coach and former player who played as a defender. He served as the head coach of the national team.

## Playing career

Várhidi was born in Budapest, Hungary. As a player, he spent most of his career at Újpesti Dózsa as a defender, but never played in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I. Over the age 20 he moved to BVSC, where he played a few 1st division matches.

## Coaching career

Várhidi became the head coach of Újpest FC in 1997 and became Hungarian champion with the team in his first season. He worked with the team until 2000. Later he was a coach at FC Fehérvár.

From 2006 to 2008 he was the coach of the Hungary national team and was on 26 November 2009 named as head coach of Pécsi Mecsek FC.

## Personal life

His father, Pál Várhidi was also a successful player and coach.

## Honours

* Manager of the Year in Hungary: 2007

## InfoBox

Péter Várhidi
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1958-05-08) 8 May 1958 | | |
| Place of birth | Budapest, Hungary | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Szigetszentmiklósi TK (Sport Director) | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1968–1979 | Újpesti Dózsa | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1979–1980 | Újpesti Dózsa |  |  |
| 1980–1986 | Ganz-MÁVAG SE |  |  |
| 1986–1992 | BVSC Budapest |  |  |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 1995–1996 | MTK Hungária FC (assistant coach) | | |
| 1996–1997 | Újpest FC (assistant coach) | | |
| 1997–1999 | Újpest FC | | |
| 1999–2000 | Újpest FC (chairman, manager) | | |
| 2000–2002 | FC Fehérvár | | |
| 2003–2004 | Nyíregyháza Spartacus (technical manager) | | |
| 2006–2007 | Hungary U19 | | |
| 2006–2008 | Hungary | | |
| 2008 | Hungary (Olympic Team) | | |
| 2008 | Hungary U21 | | |
| 2009 | Budapesti EAC | | |
| 2009 | Szigetszentmiklósi TK | | |
| 2009–2010 | Pécsi Mecsek FC | | |
| 2010–2011 | Szigetszentmiklós TK | | |
| 2011–2015 | Szigetszentmiklós TK (sporting director) | | |
| 2015–2016 | Tatabánya FC (sporting director) | | |
| 2016 | Tatabánya FC | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Elizabeth Slade

abstract: Dame Elizabeth Ann Slade, DBE, is a retired judge of the High Court of England and Wales. She was educated at Wycombe Abbey and Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. She was called to the bar at Inner Temple in 1972 and became a bencher in 1990. She was made a QC in 1992, recorder from 1998 to 2008, deputy judge of the High Court from 1998 to 2008, and judge of the High Court of Justice from 2008 until her retirement in May 2019.

text:
# Elizabeth Slade

**Dame Elizabeth Ann Slade**, DBE (born 12 May 1949), is a retired judge of the High Court of England and Wales.

She was educated at Wycombe Abbey and Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford.

She was called to the bar at Inner Temple in 1972 and became a bencher in 1990. She was made a QC in 1992, recorder from 1998 to 2008, deputy judge of the High Court from 1998 to 2008, and judge of the High Court of Justice (Queen's Bench Division) from 2008 until her retirement in May 2019.

## InfoBox

| Dame Elizabeth SladeDBE | |
| --- | --- |
| Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom | |
|  | |
| Justice of the High Court | |
| **In office**<br>2008–2019 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1949-05-12) 12 May 1949 |
| Alma mater | Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford |
|  | |


title: Pyralis manihotalis

abstract: Pyralis manihotalis is a moth of the family Pyralidae described by Achille Guenée in 1854.

text:
# Pyralis manihotalis

***Pyralis manihotalis*** is a moth of the family Pyralidae described by Achille Guenée in 1854.

## Distribution

It is a widespread, pan-tropical species (Robinson et al., 1994), known from Africa, India, Sri Lanka, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines, Australia, Samoa, Hawaii, South America and the West Indies. It is occasionally recorded from Europe through accidental importation in bones and animal hides.

## Description

The wingspan is about 12–20 mm (Robinson et al., 1994; Weinstein & Edwards, 1994; Wang, 2000), although given as a rather generous 24–37 mm in Goater (1986).

## Ecology

The larvae feed on a wide range of dead and decaying materials, including stored grain, meal, pulses, dried fruit, bones, animal hides (Goater, 1986; Robinson et al., 1994) and chocolate. Adults are primarily nocturnal, though easily disturbed by day in warehouses; they are attracted to ultraviolet light (Robinson et al., 1994). Weistein and Edwards (1994) found a self-sustaining population of this moth species feeding on bat guano in a cave.

* Zimmerman, Elwood C. (1958). *Insects of Hawaii*. Vol. 8 Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea. University of Hawaii Press. hdl:10125/7337.
* "62.0712 \[B&F: 1418\] *Pyralis manihotalis* Guenée, 1854". *Hantsmoths*. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
* Weinstein, P. & Edwards, E.D. (1994) "Troglophilic Moths in Australia: First Record of a Self-sustaining Population". *Journal of the Australian Entomological Society*. **33**: 371-319.

## InfoBox

| *Pyralis manihotalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | *Pyralis* |
| Species: | ***P. manihotalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pyralis manihotalis***<br>Guenee, 1854 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pyralis achatina* Butler, 1877 * *Pyralis vetusalis* Walker, \[1859\] * *Asopia gerontesalis* Walker, 1859 * *Pyralis gerontesalis* * *Asopia gerontialis* (misspelling) * *Sacatia laudatella* Walker, 1863 * *Pyralis despectalis* Walker, \[1866\] * *Pyralis miseralis* Walker, \[1866\] * *Asopia haematinalis* Saalmüller, 1880 * *Endotricha centripunctalis* Gaede, 1916 * *Pyralis pupalis* Strand, 1919 * *Pyralis ingentalis* Caradja, 1927 * *Pyralis compsobathra* Meyrick, 1932 | |