title: Empodisma minus

abstract: Empodisma minus, commonly known as (lesser) wire rush or spreading rope-rush, is a perennial evergreen belonging to the southern-hemisphere family of monocotyledonous plants Restionaceae. The Latin name Empodisma minus translates to “tangle-foot” “small”. E. minus is found from Queensland to South Australia, Tasmania and throughout New Zealand south of 38 ° latitude, or the central north island. Its current conservation status is “Least concern”. In 2012, the new species Empodisma robustum was described in New Zealand, with what was previously described as E. minus from the lowland raised bogs of Waikato and Northland now being re-classified as E. robustum. E. minus remains an important peatformer in the south of New Zealand and in high altitude peatlands.

text:
# Empodisma minus

***Empodisma minus***, commonly known as **(lesser) wire rush** or **spreading rope-rush**, is a perennial evergreen belonging to the southern-hemisphere family of monocotyledonous plants Restionaceae. The Latin name *Empodisma minus* translates to “tangle-foot” “small”. *E. minus* is found from Queensland to South Australia, Tasmania and throughout New Zealand south of 38 **°** latitude, or the central north island. Its current conservation status is “Least concern”. In 2012, the new species *Empodisma robustum* was described in New Zealand, with what was previously described as *E. minus* from the lowland raised bogs of Waikato and Northland now being re-classified as *E. robustum*. *E. minus* remains an important peatformer in the south of New Zealand and in high altitude peatlands.

## Description

The stems are 15–200 cm long, numerously branched, semi-terete and dark green to dark brown in colour. The stem keeps upright when short, yet becomes procumbent when tall. The stem has 5.5–12 mm long sheaths that seemingly divide it to multiple segments. The sheaths are reduced leaves which keep close to the stem and have whitish axillary hairs. Spikelets, the primary inflorescence of the grass, are usually solitary and sessile in males and females, however, axillary in the males but in the upper axils in the females. The fruit of *E. minus* is a hard oval nut, sessile and approximately 2 mm long. The plant has a robust rhizome with a diameter of about 8 mm and numerous roots that ascend horizontally.

*E. minus* flowers from August until December, the flowers are yellow in colour. Fruit appears from November up to March.

## Distribution and habitat

*Empodisma minus* is found most densely in the South-Eastern parts of Australia, also in Tasmania and only absent from Western Australia and the Northern Territory. The species is also present in New Zealand. In both regions it grows from coastal to alpine areas, preferring fens, bogs, heaths, swamps and stream margins.

## Ecology

The Restionaceae, which includes the family *Empodisma*, withstands nutrient poor soils and seasonal drought. *E. minus* can also experience occasional fires which can be detrimental, yet the plant is able to resprout, although slowly.

In New Zealand, the species commonly grows in a thick carpet together with, for example, *Leptospermum scoparium* (heath shrub), *Baumea teretifolia* (sedge), *Gleichenia dicarpa* and *Gleichenia microphylla* (ferns) and *Sphagnum cristatum* (moss). *Empodisma minus* has been classified as the dominant species in the ombrotrophic mires of New Zealand, mainly due to its high peat-forming ability and could even be called an ecosystem engineer for fen-to-bog transitions.

In Australia, *Empodisma minus* is associated with *Richea continentis* and *Baeckea gunniana* (shrubs), *Gleichenia alpina* (fern), *Sphagnum cristatum* (moss) and *Astelia alpina* (monocotyledonous herb). The dry seasons contribute to decomposition and limited peat formation, whereas the wet seasons boost the plant’s root growth and peat accumulation.

*Empodisma minus* is also the host plant for the larvae of the endemic New Zealand species of moth *Aponotoreas synclinalis*.

## InfoBox

| *Empodisma minus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Restionaceae |
| Genus: | *Empodisma* |
| Species: | ***E. minus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Empodisma minus***<br>(Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson & D.F.Cutler | |
|


title: En Foco

abstract: En Foco is a non-profit organization that nurtures contemporary fine art and documentary photographers of diverse cultures, primarily U.S. residents of Latino, African and Asian heritage, and native peoples of the Americas and the Pacific. Founded in 1974 and inspired by the civil rights movement, it has been in the forefront of documenting the artistic journeys created by photographic artists often overlooked by the mainstream art world. En Foco has created exhibitions, workshops, fellowships and a permanent collection. The organization supports its constituent artists with direct and indirect funding opportunities. Through its visual arts programs, En Foco strives to balance the inequities of the art world by creating the 'missing pages' in art history. In 1984 it created the bilingual (English/Spanish) photographic magazine Nueva Luz, which concentrates on works by U.S.-based photographers of color. Some photographers En Foco has exhibited or written about are Hank Willis Thomas, Sama Raena Alshaibi, Juan Sánchez, Hong-An Truong and Víctor Vázquez.

text:
# En Foco

**En Foco** is a non-profit organization that nurtures contemporary fine art and documentary photographers of diverse cultures, primarily U.S. residents of Latino, African and Asian heritage, and native peoples of the Americas and the Pacific.

Founded in 1974 and inspired by the civil rights movement, it has been in the forefront of documenting the artistic journeys created by photographic artists often overlooked by the mainstream art world.

En Foco has created exhibitions, workshops, fellowships and a permanent collection. The organization supports its constituent artists with direct and indirect funding opportunities.

Through its visual arts programs, En Foco strives to balance the inequities of the art world by creating the 'missing pages' in art history. In 1984 it created the bilingual (English/Spanish) photographic magazine *Nueva Luz*, which concentrates on works by U.S.-based photographers of color. Some photographers En Foco has exhibited or written about are Hank Willis Thomas, Sama Raena Alshaibi, Juan Sánchez, Hong-An Truong and Víctor Vázquez.

## History

Inspired by the 1973 traveling exhibition *Dos Mundos* (organized by the Institute of Contemporary Hispanic Art and exhibited in New York City, Los Angeles and Puerto Rico), a group of Puerto Rican photographers - Charles Biasiny-Rivera, Phil Dante, and Roger Cabán - banded together to form the core En Foco group and incorporated in 1974.

In 2012 en exhibition of a selección of En Foco’s permanent collection was presented at the Art Museum of the Americas and included works by Chuy Benitez and Lola Flash among others.

1. "En Foco, Inc". *Latino Americans of NY/NJ*. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
2. "En Foco Presents Mask: Photographs by Frank Gimpaya - The Bronx Museum of the Arts". *m.bronxmuseum.org*. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
3. Mestrich, Qiana (2012-07-27). "My Commentary Published in En Foco's "Nueva Luz" Photographic Journal". *Dodge & Burn: Decolonizing Photography History*. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
4. "En Foco / In Focus: Selected Works from the Permanent Collection | Light Work". *www.lightwork.org*. 2011-09-01. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
5. Gonzalez, David (2012-01-24). "Focusing on the Hidden History". *The New York Times*. Retrieved 2012-02-23.
6. "En Foco (In Focus) | AMA | Art Museum of the Americas". *museum.oas.org*. Retrieved 2021-02-15.

## Publications

* Bonilla, Fred. "Calidad y Claridad: The Fine Work of En Foco". Photoinduced.com. March 9, 2008.
* Cotter, Holland. "Way Up in the Bronx a Hardy Spirit Blooms". *New York Times*, May 7, 1999.
* Herrera, Monica. "Mujeres on the Move". *Latina*, August 2007.
* "Seeing Differently: Photo Magazines with an Angle". *Utne Magazine*, Sept-Oct 2003
* Survey of Archives of Latino and Latin American Art, Museum of Modern Art, New York
* Swerdlin, Ilana. "En Foco Celebrates 30 Years". *Afterimage*, Issue 33.1
* Zimmer, Wiliam. "En Foco Collection Finds a Permanent Home in the Bronx." The New York Times, Sunday, December 3, 1989.
* Fernandez, Enrique. "La Gran Passion: Work by Hispanic Photographers." The Village Voice, July 12, 1983.
* Guzman, Pablo Yoruba . "A Latin Sense of Family." The Daily News, September 30, 1979.
* Moser, Lida. "A Photographer's Guide to Cooperative Galleries." Arts & Leisure section, New York Times, October 17, 1976.


title: En Fuga

abstract:
Juancito Torres
En Fuga is a studio album from Puerto Rican singer Roy Brown. The album was released under Brown's label Discos Lara-Yarí in 1994.

text:
# En Fuga

Juancito Torres

***En Fuga*** is a studio album from Puerto Rican singer Roy Brown. The album was released under Brown's label Discos Lara-Yarí in 1994.

## Background

Most of the songs were written by Roy Brown, with the exception of "Fuga de música en vaivén" and "Poema de yin y yang". The first one was written in collaboration with Tato Santiago, while the second one is based on writings of Michael Blumenthal.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Roy Brown, except where noted

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Asi es mi vida" |  |  |
| 2. | "El fantasma" |  |  |
| 3. | "Menú" | Luis Palés Matos, Roy Brown |  |
| 4. | "Cosa de un mal día" |  |  |
| 5. | "Fuga de música en vaivén" | Roy Brown, Tato Santiago |  |
| 6. | "Despertó Tuntuneco" |  |  |
| 7. | "Triste alegre" |  |  |
| 8. | "Mister con macana" |  |  |
| 9. | "Poema de yin y yang" | Michael Blumenthal, Roy Brown |  |
| 10. | "El profeta" |  |  |

## Personnel

### Musicians

* Zoraida Santiago \- vocals on "El profeta"
* Freddy Camacho
* Tato Santiago
* Toni Asencio
* Gonchi Sifre
* Nicky Aponte
* Cachete Maldonado
* Wichi Camacho
* Jerry Medina
* Edwin Colón Zayas
* Juancito Torres
* Angie Machado
* Rafi Torres
* Ángel Torres.

## InfoBox

| En Fuga | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Roy Brown | |
| Released | 1994 |
| Genre | Nova trova, Puerto Rican folk music |
| Label | Lara-Yarí |
| Roy Brown chronology | |
| *Poetas Puertorriqueños*
(1991) ***En Fuga***
(1994) *Colección*
(1996) | |


abstract:
Elmwood Township was a township in Golden Valley County, North Dakota, United States. The former township became the Elmwood Unorganized Territory. As of the 2000 census the township's population was 9 while it covered an area containing 35.643 square miles (92.31 km⁲), all land, and was located at 47.119653°N 103.964660°W. The elevation was 2,625 feet (800 m). The township was located on the western border of the county and the state. It bordered the following other townships in Golden Valley County:
  - Henry – north
  - Pearl – northeast corner
  - Elk Creek – east
  - Delhi – southeast corner
  - Saddle Butte – south

text:
# Elmwood Township, Golden Valley County, North Dakota

**Elmwood Township** was a township in Golden Valley County, North Dakota, United States. The former township became the Elmwood Unorganized Territory.

As of the 2000 census the township's population was 9 while it covered an area containing 35.643 square miles (92.31 km2), all land, and was located at 47°07′11″N 103°57′53″W / 47.119653°N 103.964660°W / 47.119653; -103.964660. The elevation was 2,625 feet (800 m).

The township was located on the western border of the county and the state. It bordered the following other townships in Golden Valley County:


title: Emmanuel Drake del Castillo

abstract: Emmanuel Drake del Castillo was a French botanist. He was born at Paris and studied with Louis Édouard Bureau (1830–1918) at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Between 1886 and 1892, he published Illustrationes Florae Insulae Maris Pacifici a summarization of his work on the flora of French Polynesia. He also studied the flora of Madagascar. In addition, he put together a herbarium which contained more than 500,000 samples. He died in 1904 at Saint-Cyran-du-Jambot, bequeathing his herbarium to the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle.

text:
# Emmanuel Drake del Castillo

**Emmanuel Drake del Castillo** (28 December 1855  14 May 1904) was a French botanist.

He was born at Paris and studied with Louis Édouard Bureau (1830–1918) at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (National Museum of Natural History). Between 1886 and 1892, he published *Illustrationes Florae Insulae Maris Pacifici* ("Illustrations of the flora of the islands of the Pacific Ocean") a summarization of his work on the flora of French Polynesia. He also studied the flora of Madagascar.

In addition, he put together a herbarium which contained more than 500,000 samples. He died in 1904 at Saint-Cyran-du-Jambot, bequeathing his herbarium to the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle.

## Taxa

He was the taxonomic authority of numerous plants. The following is a list of botanical genera that he described:

## Partial bibliography

* *Illustrationes florae insularum Maris Pacifici* / Paris: G. Masson, 1886–1892.
* *Histoire naturelle des plantes (de Madagascar)* T. 1, 3–6, / Emmanuel Drake del Castillo, Henri Baillon / Paris : impr. nationale, 1886-1902 - Natural history of plants (Madagascar).
* *Remarques sur la flore de la Polynésie et sur ses rapports avec celle des terres voisines* / Paris: G. Masson, 1890 - Notes on the flora of Polynesia and its relationship with other lands.
* *Flore de la Polynésie française : description des plantes vasculaires qui croissent spontanément ou qui sont généralement cultivées aux Iles de la Société, Marquise, Pomotou, Gambier et Wallis* / Paris: Masson, 1892 - Flora of French Polynesia; description of vascular plants that are native or are generally grown in the Society Islands, Marquesas Islands, Gambier Islands and Wallis Islands.

The standard author abbreviation Drake is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.


title: Queen of the Broken Hearts

abstract: "Queen of the Broken Hearts" is a song featured on the 1983 album Keep It Up by the Canadian rock band Loverboy. The song was released as a single later that year, reaching #34 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #11 on the Mainstream Rock Chart. Despite being a relatively successful hit for the band, the song has not been included on the two main compilation albums released by the band; Big Ones (1989) and Loverboy Classics (1994). The video for "Queen of the Broken Hearts" was the subject of an MTV contest in the summer of 1983, in which an MTV viewer won the chance to "star" in Loverboy's next video. The contest was won by a woman named Bridget Magnesi, who appeared very briefly in two shots, behind a bank of computer monitors about 15 seconds into the video. The video was shot at Bronson Canyon in Los Angeles, where the desert, rock formations, and caves were utilized extensively for a number of popular science fiction television series and many B-movies dating from the early 1950s.

text:
# Queen of the Broken Hearts

"**Queen of the Broken Hearts**" is a song featured on the 1983 album *Keep It Up* by the Canadian rock band Loverboy. The song was released as a single later that year, reaching #34 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #11 on the Mainstream Rock Chart. Despite being a relatively successful hit for the band, the song has not been included on the two main compilation albums released by the band; *Big Ones* (1989) and *Loverboy Classics* (1994).

The video for "Queen of the Broken Hearts" was the subject of an MTV contest in the summer of 1983, in which an MTV viewer won the chance to "star" in Loverboy's next video. The contest was won by a woman named Bridget Magnesi, who appeared very briefly in two shots, behind a bank of computer monitors about 15 seconds into the video.

The video was shot at Bronson Canyon in Los Angeles, where the desert, rock formations, and caves were utilized extensively for a number of popular science fiction television series and many B-movies dating from the early 1950s.

## Charts

| Chart (1983) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 34 |
| US Mainstream Rock (*Billboard*) | 11 |

## InfoBox

| "Queen of the Broken Hearts" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Loverboy | |
| from the album  *Keep It Up* | |
| B-side | "Chance of a Lifetime" |
| Released | 1983 (1983) |
| Length | 3:48 |
| Label | Columbia |
| Songwriter(s) | Paul Dean, Mike Reno |
| Producer(s) | Bruce Fairbairn |
| Loverboy singles chronology | |
| "Hot Girls in Love"
(1983) "**Queen of the Broken Hearts**"
(1983) "Lovin' Every Minute of It"
(1985) | |


title: Queen of the Clouds Tour

abstract: The Queen of the Clouds Tour was the first headlining concert tour by Swedish recording artist Tove Lo in support of her debut studio album, Queen of the Clouds (2014). The tour was officially announced nine months after the release of the album, on June 22, 2015. The tour began on September 28, 2015, in San Diego at the North Park Theatre and was scheduled to conclude on November 14, 2015, in Tove Lo's home city of Stockholm, Sweden, with a total of twenty shows over the span of three months. Due to illness, Tove Lo was forced to cancel the tour's four European.

text:
# Queen of the Clouds Tour

The **Queen of the Clouds Tour** was the first headlining concert tour by Swedish recording artist Tove Lo in support of her debut studio album, *Queen of the Clouds* (2014). The tour was officially announced nine months after the release of the album, on June 22, 2015. The tour began on September 28, 2015, in San Diego at the North Park Theatre and was scheduled to conclude on November 14, 2015, in Tove Lo's home city of Stockholm, Sweden, with a total of twenty shows over the span of three months. Due to illness, Tove Lo was forced to cancel the tour's four European.

## Set list

This set list is representative of the show in Minneapolis on October 10, 2015. It does not represent all dates throughout the tour.

1. "Not on Drugs"
2. "Got Love"
3. "The Way That I Am"
4. "Moments"
5. "My Gun"
6. "Like Em Young"
7. "Over"
8. "Scream My Name"
9. "Thousand Miles"
10. "This Time Around"
11. "Out of Mind"
12. "Crave"
13. "Talking Body"
14. "Paradise"
15. "Timebomb"
16. "Run On Love"
17. "Habits (Stay High)"

## Shows

List of concerts, showing date, city, country, venue, opening acts, tickets sold, number of available tickets, and gross revenue
| Date | City | Country | Venue | Opening acts | Attendance | Revenue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| North America | | | | | | |
| September 28, 2015 | San Diego | United States | North Park Theatre | Erik Hassle |  |  |
| September 29, 2015 | Santa Ana | | The Observatory | |  |  |
| October 1, 2015 | Los Angeles | | The Wiltern | |  |  |
| October 3, 2015 | Oakland | | Fox Theatre | | 2,800 / 2,800 | $78,400 |
| October 5, 2015 | Portland | | Crystal Ballroom | |  |  |
| October 6, 2015 | Vancouver | Canada | Vogue Theatre | |  |  |
| October 7, 2015 | Seattle | United States | Showbox SoDo | |  |  |
| October 10, 2015 | Minneapolis | | First Avenue | |  |  |
| October 11, 2015 | Chicago | | The Vic Theatre | | 1,400 / 1,400 | $40,600 |
| October 13, 2015 | Toronto | Canada | Sound Academy | |  |  |
| October 14, 2015 | Boston | United States | Royale | |  |  |
| October 16, 2015 | Providence | | Lupo's Heartbreak Hotel | |  |  |
| October 17, 2015 | Philadelphia | | The TLA | |  |  |
| October 19, 2015 | Washington, D.C. | | 9:30 Club | | 1,200 / 1,200 | $36,000 |
| October 20, 2015 | Huntington | | The Paramount | |  |  |
| October 21, 2015 | New York City | | Terminal 5 | |  |  |
| Europe | | | | | | |
| November 9, 2015 | Glasgow | Scotland | Queen Margaret Union |  |  |  |
| November 10, 2015 | Manchester | England | Manchester Academy |  |  |  |
| November 12, 2015 | London | | Shepherd's Bush Empire |  |  |  |
| November 14, 2015 | Stockholm | Sweden | Münchenbryggeriet |  |  |  |
| Total | | | | | 5,400 / 5,400<br>(100%) | $122,600 |

## InfoBox

Queen of the Clouds Tour
| Tour by Tove Lo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Associated album | *Queen of the Clouds* |
| Start date | September 28, 2015 (2015-09-28) |
| End date | November 15, 2015 (2015-11-15) |
| Legs | 2 |
| No. of shows | * 16 in North America * 4 in Europe * 20 in total |
| Guests | Erik Hassle |
| Tove Lo concert chronology | |


title: Elystan Morgan

abstract: Dafydd Elystan Elystan-Morgan, Baron Elystan-Morgan, known as Elystan Morgan, was a Welsh politician. He sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords from 1981 to 2020, and served as a Labour MP from 1966 to 1974.

text:
# Elystan Morgan

**Dafydd Elystan Elystan-Morgan, Baron Elystan-Morgan** (7 December 1932 – 7 July 2021), known as **Elystan Morgan**, was a Welsh politician. He sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords from 1981 to 2020, and served as a Labour MP from 1966 to 1974.

## Early life

Born in Aberystwyth, Morgan was educated at Ardwyn Grammar School, Aberystwyth, and became a member of Plaid Cymru as a schoolboy in 1946. He studied law at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, where he was involved with student politics and served as president of the debating union. He qualified as a solicitor and joined a legal firm in Wrexham.

## Political career

Early in 1955, Morgan was adopted as Plaid Cymru candidate for the Wrexham constituency and contested the seat at the by-election in 1955, and at the general elections in 1955 and in 1959. In 1964 he was selected to succeed the party president Gwynfor Evans as candidate for Merioneth.

Morgan instead joined the Labour Party and was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Cardiganshire, Wales, at the 1966 general election, and served as a junior minister from 1968 to 1970, as Under-Secretary at the Home Office. He was chairman of the Welsh Parliamentary Labour Party between 1971 and 1974. In the February 1974 general election, Morgan lost his seat to Liberal candidate Geraint Howells.

In 1979, he sought election as Labour candidate for Anglesey, following the retirement of Cledwyn Hughes, but was defeated by Conservative candidate Keith Best. Following his defeat, he largely withdrew from political life and concentrated on his legal career.

He was admitted to Gray's Inn in 1971, entitled to practise as a barrister. He was created a life peer on 27 May 1981, with the title Baron Elystan-Morgan, of Aberteifi in the County of Dyfed. He held the office of Recorder between 1983 and 1987. Morgan held the office of Circuit Judge between 1987 and 2003. He did, however, return to politics after his retirement in 2006. He was President of the Aberystwyth Old Students' Association in 1995–96.

He retired from the House of Lords on 12 February 2020.

## Political positions

### Welsh devolution

Morgan campaigned heavily for Welsh devolution, as he believed that Wales should not legally be seen as a part of England. He believed that Cardiff should have all major governing powers over Wales, save for a few, such as the ability to go to war.

### Blasphemy laws

On 6 March 2007, Morgan supported the abolition of the blasphemy law in the UK, quoting Richard Dawkins's description of God as "a petty, unjust, unforgiving control freak; a vindictive, bloodthirsty ethnic cleanser; a misogynistic, homophobic, racist, infanticidal, genocidal, filicidal, pestilential, megalomaniacal, sadomasochistic, capriciously malevolent bully". A deacon in the Presbyterian Church of Wales at Capel-y-Garn in Pen-y-garn, he was making the point that God did not need the protection of the law.

### Gay rights

Morgan is recorded as having voted against the partial decriminalisation of homosexuality in 1967, although in 1982 he claimed that he had actually abstained. It's possible that Morgan's supposed votes against decriminalisation had been mistakenly added as the result of a clerical error, or alternatively that he was misremembering which way he had voted.

Morgan later supported proposals to expand gay rights, such as the Homosexual Offences (Northern Ireland) Order 1982 and the Marriage (Same-Sex Couples) Act 2013.

## Personal life

In 1959, Morgan married Alwen Roberts. They had two children, a daughter called Eleri (born 1960) and a son, Owain (born 1962). Lady Elystan-Morgan died in 2006.

Morgan died in Ceredigion on 7 July 2021 at the age of 88.

## Works

* *Elystan: atgofion oes* (Memoirs) (in Welsh). Tal-y-bont, Ceredigion: Y Lolfa. 2012. ISBN 978-1-84771-327-8.

### Sources

## InfoBox

| The Right HonourableThe Lord Elystan-Morgan | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait by Godfrey Argent, 1970 | |
|  | |
| Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Home Affairs | |
| **In office**
6 April 1968  19 June 1970Serving with David Ennals and Merlyn Rees | |
| Prime Minister | Harold Wilson |
| Preceded by | Dick Taverne |
| Succeeded by | Mark Carlisle |
| Member of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal | |
| **In office**
27 May 1981  12 February 2020
Life peerage | |
| Member of Parliament
for Cardiganshire | |
| **In office**
31 March 1966  8 February 1974 | |
| Preceded by | Roderic Bowen |
| Succeeded by | Geraint Howells |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Dafydd Elystan Morgan
(1932-12-07)7 December 1932
Aberystwyth, Wales |
| Died | 7 July 2021(2021-07-07) (aged 88)
Ceredigion, Wales |
| Political party | Labour |
| Other political
affiliations | Plaid Cymru (1946–1965) |
| Spouse | Alwen Roberts  (m. 1959; died 2006) |
| Children | 2 |
| Parent | Dewi Morgan (father) |
| Residence | Dole, Ceredigion |
| Alma mater | University College of Wales, Aberystwyth |
| Occupation | * Judge * MP |
|  | |


title: Quezon Protected Landscape

abstract: The Quezon Protected Landscape is a protected area in the Republic of the Philippines, spanning the municipalities of Pagbilao, Padre Burgos and Atimonan in Quezon province. The park is situated north of the narrowest section of Luzon in Quezon province, located about 164 km (102 mi) southeast of Metro Manila.

text:
# Quezon Protected Landscape

The **Quezon Protected Landscape** is a protected area in the Republic of the Philippines, spanning the municipalities of Pagbilao, Padre Burgos and Atimonan in Quezon province. The park is situated north of the narrowest section of Luzon in Quezon province, located about 164 km (102 mi) southeast of Metro Manila.

## Protected area

The park was first established as a national park on October 25, 1934, with Proclamation no. 740. The parks has a total area of 535.08 hectares (1,322.2 acres) and was named as Quezon National Park. The park was enlarged to 983 hectares (2,430 acres) with Proclamation no. 594 on August 5, 1940. After the implementation of the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) in 1992, the park was reclassified as a protected landscape. The park was reestablished as Quezon Protected Landscape on June 2, 2003, by Proclamation No. 394, with a smaller area of 938 hectares (2,320 acres).

## Park features

Quezon Protected Landscape is situated in the southern Sierra Madre mountain range on Luzon island. The landscape is lowland rainforest with karst landscape and vegetation. Activities in the park include bird watching, hiking to Mount Mirador (See below), trekking to view the flora and fauna, or trekking to the 80-metre (260 ft) Bantakay Falls in Brgy. Sta. Catalina. There are least five waterfalls in the park with Bantakay, the most accessible. Near the falls is Bantakay Caves which is open for exploring. Some of the other caves in the park include Cueva Santa and Nilubugan Cave.

Inside the park are several areas cleared for camping with Niyugan campsite as one of the preferred campsite.

## Fauna

The park is known for its virgin forest teeming with numerous wildlife, with several species endemic to the Philippines. Some of the species in the park are the monitor lizard, monkey, deer, wild pig, parrot, dove, pigeon, jungle fowl (*manok labuyo*), yellow bittern, cinnamon bittern, buff-banded rail, barred rail, white-browed crake, marsh sandpiper, long-toed stint, Swinhoe's snipe, striated grassbird, rufous hornbill, Luzon hornbill, pink-bellied imperial pigeon, guaiabero, colasisi, blackish cuckooshrike, flaming sunbird and flowerpecker.

In April 2010, the Northern Sierra Madre Forest monitor lizard *Varanus bitatawa* (local name: *butikaw*) was discovered by the western world. The lizard has long been known to the Aeta and Ilongot indigenous peoples who have used it as a food source.

## Historical significance

The highest point of the park at 366 m (1,201 ft) is **Mount Mirador**. During the Philippine Revolution, the Philippine flag was raised on the mountain signifying the conquest of the region. The American and Japanese flags were also hoisted on the mountain during their colonization, and in 1946 when the Philippine flag was raised there again after the country gained independence. Also called **Mount Pinagbanderahan**, literally meaning "where the flag was hoisted", the mountain is easily accessible via stairway, which takes about an hour or so to climb. The summit is a vantage point for viewing nearby mountains like Mount Banahaw, the island provinces of Marinduque or Mindoro and the major towns of Quezon.

## Accessibility

The park is located about 164 kilometres (102 mi) southeast of Manila, the capital of the Philippines and main gateway to the country. The protected landscape is easily accessible via the Pan-Philippine Highway, the national highway that connects the whole country, which traverses the middle of the park. The road that cuts through the park includes a zigzag section (also known to the locals as "EME”, due to mispronounced name of Imee Marcos which was written on the side of the mountain.) It was a project of former Governor Alcala and the late former Pres. Ferdinand Marcos. It is open only to light vehicles, two wheels up to six wheels only as it is prone to accidents due to dangerous hairpin curves.

“Bitukang Manok" is located in Basud, Camarines Norte. A longer diversion road bypasses that part of the road.

## InfoBox

| Quezon Protected Landscape | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category V (protected landscape/seascape) | |
| Quezon National Forest Park in Atimonan, Quezon | |
| Location of Quezon Protected Landscape in the Philippines | |
| Location | Calabarzon, Philippines |
| Nearest city | Lucena, Philippines |
| Coordinates | 13°59′22″N 121°48′59″E / 13.98944°N 121.81639°E / 13.98944; 121.81639 |
| Area | 9.38 km2 (3.62 sq mi) |
| Established | June 2, 2003
by Proc. 394 |
| Named for | Manuel Quezon, President of the Philippines |
| Governing body | Department of Environment and Natural Resources |


title: Encausse-les-Thermes

abstract: Encausse-les-Thermes is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

text:
# Encausse-les-Thermes

**Encausse-les-Thermes** is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1962 | 420 |  |
| 1968 | 546 | +30.0% |
| 1975 | 548 | +0.4% |
| 1982 | 523 | −4.6% |
| 1990 | 560 | +7.1% |
| 1999 | 591 | +5.5% |
| 2008 | 644 | +9.0% |

## InfoBox

| Encausse-les-Thermes | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| A view within Encausse-les-Thermes | |
| Location of Encausse-les-Thermes | |
| Encausse-les-ThermesEncausse-les-Thermes | |
| Coordinates: 43°02′57″N 0°44′27″E / 43.0492°N 0.7408°E / 43.0492; 0.7408 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Occitania |
| Department | Haute-Garonne |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Gaudens |
| Canton | Bagnères-de-Luchon |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Marie-Laure Pellan-Deoux |
| Area**1** | 8.15 km2 (3.15 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 703 |
| Density | 86/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 31167 /31160 |
| Elevation | 356–690 m (1,168–2,264 ft)
(avg. 365 m or 1,198 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Edna's Imprisonment

abstract: Edna's Imprisonment is a 1911 silent short drama film produced by the Edison Manufacturing Company. It starred Miriam Nesbitt and Yale Boss. Released through the General Film Company.

text:
# Edna's Imprisonment

***Edna's Imprisonment*** is a 1911 silent short drama film produced by the Edison Manufacturing Company. It starred Miriam Nesbitt and Yale Boss. Released through the General Film Company.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Edna's Imprisonment | |
| --- | --- |
| Produced by | Edison Manufacturing Company |
| Starring | Miriam Nesbitt<br>Yale Boss |
| Distributed by | General Film Company |
| Release date | * May 9, 1911 (1911-05-09) |
| Running time | 1 reel |
| Country | USA |
| Language | Silent..English titles |


title: Enchylaena tomentosa

abstract: Enchylaena tomentosa, commonly known as barrier saltbush or ruby saltbush, is a small native shrub of Australia.

text:
# Enchylaena tomentosa

***Enchylaena tomentosa***, commonly known as **barrier saltbush** or **ruby saltbush**, is a small native shrub of Australia.

## Description

*Enchylaena tomentosa* grows as a small perennial shrub, up to a meter in diameter. Leaves are slender and cylindrical growing to 6-15mm long, both leaves and stems are densely covered in woolly hairs. Fruits form as fleshy berries changing from bright green/yellow to bright red/orange.

The derivation of the name helps describe and classify its features with *Enchylaena* coming from the Greek *egchlos* meaning fleshy or succulent and *chlaen* a cloak referring to the ripe fruiting perianth, *tomentosa* botanical Latin outlining that the plant is covered with dense short or curled hairs soft hair.

Highly drought tolerant *E. tomentosa* has historically been sought after by Indigenous Australians, early settlers and livestock. Nutritional analyze gives the plant a 65% digestibility rating providing grazing species with 14% digestible protein and 6% digestible salt.

## Taxonomy

It was first published by Robert Brown in 1810, as the only species of *Enchylaena*. Since that time a number of putative new species have been published based on specimens that are now referred to this species; hence it has a number of taxonomic synonyms. Two varieties are recognised: the autonym *E. tomentosa* var. *tomentosa*, and a less woolly variety, *E. tomentosa* var. *glabra*, which was published by George Bentham in 1870. Its previous family name Chenopodiaceae is now included in Amaranthaceae.

## Distribution and habitat

It occurs throughout Australia, and has also naturalised in New Caledonia. It tolerates a range of soils, but prefers soils that are slightly saline. Occurring through most of semi-arid Australia, on a variety of land and soil types such as sand plains, hill slopes, creek lines, sand dunes and salt lake shores. Preferring slightly shaded soil areas under trees such as *Alectryon oleifolius* and *Acacia papyrocarpa*.

As the distribution map shows *E. tomentosa* is highly widespread throughout the continent, this is potentially due to a range of factors such as the plants drought resilience, ability to live in a wide range of soil/climate zones and also its seed dispersal method *E. tomentosa* seed is dispersed through endozoochory (seed that is dispersed through ingestion via another animal). This may potentially aid in germination of seeds, as digestion can result in the removal of fleshy pulp and the woody endocarp (scarification), these parts of the plants may act as inhibitors to germination as they can prevent germination occurring in unsuitable seasons and conditions.

A study of emu scat and its seed composition found that *E. tomentosa* made up 8.5% of the near 20,000 seeds identified, second highest only to nitre bush (*Nitraria billardierei*) which made up 80% of identified seed. This is significant as emus are known to travel over 600 km in search of more food and water, acting as a potential vector for long-distance seed dispersal and germination. Long-distance speed dispersal can improve a species genetic variation, dispersal range, increase diversity and complexity in meta-population structure. These factors can increase a species resilience to future risk of changing climate conditions and potential habitat loss

## Human uses

The ripened fruit of *E. tomentosa* can be picked and eaten raw and is described as being salty-sweet in flavor, being picked by desert Indigenous Australians as a snack food and is still frequently collected today. Indigenous groups of the Macdonell Ranges (central Australia) have been recorded to soak the fruits in water to make a sweetened tea. Charles Sturt on his explorations into the semi-arid interior also recorded harvesting the leaves, which could be eaten as a vegetable after being boiled. Major Thomas Mitchell noted on his explorations through the lower Murray that children would also harvest the fruit to make pink facial decorations.

In terms of grazing value "E. tomentosa" is listed as a maintenance feed; as the plant does not provide enough grazing volume to act as a sole foraging source, its drought hardiness allows it to be available in dryer times of the year such as late summer when other palatable and nutritious forage sources are absent.

## InfoBox

| *Enchylaena tomentosa* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Amaranthaceae |
| Genus: | *Enchylaena* |
| Species: | ***E. tomentosa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Enchylaena tomentosa***
R.Br. | |
|
| Varieties | |
| *E. tomentosa* var. *tomentosa*
*E. tomentosa* var. *glabra* | |
|  | |
| Distribution of ruby saltbush | |


title: Ryan Harrison

abstract: Ryan Harrison is an American former professional tennis player. Harrison won one career ATP title in singles at the 2017 Memphis Open to go along with four in doubles, including the 2017 French Open. Before turning 16, Harrison was regarded as a prodigy after cracking the top 10 in the junior rankings and becoming one of the youngest players ever to win an ATP match. Although he broke through onto the ATP level by the age of 20, Harrison then fell out of the top 100 for several years. He would return to the top 100 in 2016 after a strong second half of the season that included multiple wins over opponents ranked in the top 20 and his first career appearance in the round of 32 at a Grand Slam. Harrison built on that momentum in 2017 to reach a top-40 career-high ranking in singles after winning his first career ATP title.

text:
# Ryan Harrison

**Ryan Harrison** (born May 7, 1992) is an American former professional tennis player. Harrison won one career ATP title in singles at the 2017 Memphis Open to go along with four in doubles, including the 2017 French Open.

Before turning 16, Harrison was regarded as a prodigy after cracking the top 10 in the junior rankings and becoming one of the youngest players ever to win an ATP match. Although he broke through onto the ATP level by the age of 20, Harrison then fell out of the top 100 for several years. He would return to the top 100 in 2016 after a strong second half of the season that included multiple wins over opponents ranked in the top 20 and his first career appearance in the round of 32 at a Grand Slam. Harrison built on that momentum in 2017 to reach a top-40 career-high ranking in singles after winning his first career ATP title.

## Personal life

Harrison began playing tennis at age 2 and was coached by his father, Pat Harrison, who had a brief career as a professional, playing predominantly Challenger and Futures events. Harrison is an alumnus of IMG Academy and was coached by the USTA.

Harrison has a younger brother Christian, who currently plays tennis on the ATP Challenger Tour. Christian joined Ryan to play doubles at the 2012 US Open, where they reached the quarterfinals. He also has a younger sister named Madison who played at Mississippi State University. On March 5, 2016, Ryan Harrison announced his engagement to Lauren McHale, the sister of fellow tennis player Christina McHale. Harrison married Lauren McHale in April of the following year in Austin, Texas. The couple has since divorced.

## Junior career

As a junior, Harrison compiled a 60–24 win–loss record in singles, reaching as high as No. 7 in the world (achieved in April 2008).

Junior Slam results:

* Australian Open: SF (2008)
* French Open: 3R (2008)
* Wimbledon: 2R (2008)
* US Open: 3R (2008)

Before he went on the junior circuit, Ryan trained at the John Newcombe Tennis Ranch in New Braunfels, Texas. His first junior Grand Slam was the 2007 US Open, where as a wildcard, at the age of 15, he lost in the first round to a qualifier. Going into the next Grand Slam, the 2008 Australian Open, he was seeded fourth, and lost to Yang Tsung-hua in the semifinals. Harrison failed to produce in the next three Grand Slams, losing in the third round of the 2008 French Open, the second round in 2008 Wimbledon, and the third round in the 2008 US Open, a competition in which his younger brother Christian also competed. Although at this point Harrison was only 16, and as such was eligible to play juniors for another two years, it was his final junior Grand slam.

## Career

### 2007–2008: Early years

Harrison is notable for being the third-youngest player since 1990, after Richard Gasquet and Rafael Nadal, to have won an ATP level match, defeating world no. 130 Pablo Cuevas in the 2008 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships. Entering the tournament as a qualifier ranked no. 1000, he was only the tenth player in the history of the ATP Tour to have won a match before turning 16. This puts Harrison among an elite group and makes him the youngest American to accomplish this feat since Michael Chang. Harrison played mainly futures tournaments in order to increase his ranking. Harrison competed in the qualifying tournament for the 2008 Cincinnati Masters, and the 2008 US Open, but lost in the first round in both. Harrison would finish 2008 ranked no. 742 in singles.

### 2009

Harrison did not compete in any tournaments until late April in 2009. As a wildcard, he made it to the quarterfinals of a Challenger tournament in Sarasota. In June, Harrison would win his first futures title, defeating another rising star Filip Krajinović in the final. Having not defended the points from the Clay Court Championships, these points took Harrison's ranking to 706. Harrison would again try his luck in both the Cincinnati and US Open qualifying, and once again lost in the first round in both. After this, Harrison went to two consecutive Futures finals, losing the first to Michael McClune, and winning the second against Richard Bloomfield. This would put Harrison's ranking at 371 in the world. Directly after that final, Harrison made it to the semifinals of a Challenger tournament in Sacramento, losing to Jesse Levine. Harrison finished the year ranked no. 364.

### 2010

Harrison played in a playoff against other Americans to decide who would receive America's wildcard into the 2010 Australian Open. Harrison defeated Alex Kuznetsov and Donald Young in two sets before defeating Jesse Levine in three straight sets. Once in the draw, Harrison lost in the first round to Janko Tipsarević in straight sets.

At this point, Harrison began competing in some bigger tournaments. First he received a wildcard into the 2010 SAP Open, where he lost to eventual semifinalist Denis Istomin in the first round. Next, Harrison went through qualifying to face John Isner in the first round of the 2010 Regions Morgan Keegan Championships. Harrison lost in straight sets to the eventual finalist. Afterwards, Harrison went through qualifying in the 2010 Delray Beach International Tennis Championships, then lost to eventual champion Ernests Gulbis in the first round.

Harrison received a wildcard for the 2010 BNP Paribas Open, where he defeated Taylor Dent in the first round, before losing to the eventual winner Ivan Ljubičić. Having lost early, Harrison competed in the BMW Tennis Championship, where he lost in the first round. After receiving another wildcard into the 2010 Sony Ericsson Open, he lost in the first round to Michaël Llodra. Harrison played in a few Challengers afterwards without any major results.

In May, now ranked no. 263 in the world, Harrison entered the qualifying tournament for the 2010 French Open, after having lost in the final of the US Wildcard Playoff to Ryan Sweeting. Harrison lost in the final round of qualifying to Stefano Galvani. Harrison competed in the prestigious Queen's Championship, but lost in the first round to Jesse Levine. Next, Harrison competed in Wimbledon qualifying, but lost in the first round to up-and-coming Lithuanian Ričardas Berankis. Having not gained any points on his favorite surface, Harrison decided to compete in the 2010 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships. He defeated sixth seed Karol Beck, before defeating seventeen-year-old Denis Kudla. He then lost to Richard Bloomfield of Great Britain.

Harrison qualified for the US Open and defeated the 15th seed Ivan Ljubičić in the first round for his first win in a Grand Slam tournament. In the second round, Harrison fell to Sergey Stakhovsky in a grueling 5-setter, after failing to convert three match points when up 6–3 in the fifth set tiebreak.

He opted to stay in the U.S. instead of heading to Asia and trying to qualify into main tour events. He had a relatively successful fall on the Challenger tour, making the final in Tiburon, the quarterfinals in Calabasas, the second round in Charlottesville, and the second round in Bratislava where he defeated ATP no. 93 Dustin Brown.

### 2011: Top 100 debut

Harrison lost to Adrian Mannarino in straight sets in the first round of the 2011 Australian Open.

Harrison won the 2011 Honolulu Challenger, beating Alex Kuznetsov in the final. He won the doubles title as well. He ousted 22nd-seeded Guillermo García López in the second round of the 2011 BNP Paribas Open at Indian Wells, California, as a wild card. In the third round, he defeated Canadian up-and-comer Milos Raonic in a tight three-setter to set up a fourth-round confrontation with world no. 3 Roger Federer, which Harrison lost.

At the 2011 French Open, Robin Söderling (seeded fifth) beat Harrison, but the young American was able to take a set off the two-time French Open finalist. His next tournament was Queen's in London, where he was given a wild card. However, he lost in the first round to Michael Berrer in three close sets, 6–7, 6–2, 5–7. He then competed in the qualifying competition for Wimbledon, in which he reached the final round but lost in five sets to Cedrik-Marcel Stebe. He received a spot in the main Wimbledon draw as a lucky loser. He beat Ivan Dodig in the first round. He faced seventh seed David Ferrer in the second round, losing in a five-set match that lasted two days.

With partner Matthew Ebden, he won the doubles tournament at the 2011 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships in July. Harrison made his first ATP semifinal in Atlanta, where he lost to eventual champion Mardy Fish. This performance shot him into the top 100 for the first time, at no. 94. He followed this by another semifinal appearance in Los Angeles just the week after where Fish once again stopped him in three sets. As a result, his ranking jumped to world no. 82. His next tournament was Washington, D.C., where he lost to Viktor Troicki in the second round. He was also granted a wildcard to participate in the Cincinnati Masters. He lost to Novak Djokovic (no. 1 in the world) in the second round. By year's end, he had scored wins over Victor Hănescu and Troicki, and he had risen to no. 79 in the world rankings.

### 2012

During the Australian summer, Harrison lost in the first and second rounds of Brisbane and Auckland, respectively. At the Australian Open, he lost in the first round to world no. 4 Andy Murray, after taking the first set.

In February, Harrison made his third appearance in the semifinals in San Jose, where he lost to eventual winner Milos Raonic.

In April, Harrison lost his inaugural Davis Cup matches to France's Jo Wilfried Tsonga and Gilles Simon. Despite Harrison's two losses, the U.S. still advanced to the semifinals, where the team faced Spain in September 2012 and lost.

Harrison played for the Philadelphia Freedoms of World Team Tennis in the summer as their 2012 wild-card player. It was his first season playing for WTT. Harrison played with the Freedoms in their home matches on July 11 and 14 at The Pavilion at Villanova University, and traveled with the team to face the New York Sportimes on July 13.

Harrison lost to Novak Djokovic in straight sets in the second round of the 2012 Wimbledon Championships.

Harrison participated in singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He lost in the first round to Santiago Giraldo of Colombia. An article in *The New York Times* made more note of his behavior than his tennis, reporting: "Though the match was considered winnable for Harrison, the loss itself will be less remembered than Harrison's petulant behavior as the match slipped away."

### 2013

Harrison started off the year strong with a victory over John Isner at the Apia International Sydney. At the Australian Open he beat Santiago Giraldo before only winning six games against Novak Djokovic. Harrison won his first match at the French Open against Andrey Kuznetsov. Harrison reached the semifinals of the BB&T Atlanta Open, where he lost at the hands of Kevin Anderson.

### 2014

Harrison had a frustrating year in 2014. After qualifying in Brisbane and Sydney, he exited in the first round of both tournaments at the hands of Sam Groth and Nicolas Mahut, respectively. He entered the main draw directly at the Australian Open, but again went down in the first round, this time to Gaël Monfils.

He then played a couple of Challenger events, but failed to advance beyond the second round even there. In Memphis and Delray Beach, he made it to the second round with victories over Björn Phau and Yen-Hsun Lu, but then lost to Alex Bogomolov Jr. and Marin Čilić.

Harrison made the second round in Indian Wells and Miami with victories over Andrey Golubev and Federico Delbonis and reached the quarterfinals of a Challenger event in March, as well. However, he failed to qualify in Madrid and the French Open.

He did not qualify at the Queen's Club, but he did qualify at Wimbledon, only to make another first-round exit at the hands of Grigor Dimitrov. He then went down in the first round in Newport, Rhode Island and Atlanta at the hands of eventual champion Lleyton Hewitt in Newport and fellow American Tim Smyczek in Atlanta. Consequently, Harrison's ranking plummeted to no. 190.

### 2015

Harrison won the Happy Valley Challenger after defeating Marcos Baghdatis in the final. At the 2015 Abierto Mexicano Telcel, he received a spot in qualifying as an alternative. He defeated Adrián Menéndez Maceiras in straight sets, before qualifying to beat countryman Michael Russell in straight sets. In the first round, Harrison defeated another countryman Donald Young, after Young retired in the third set. In the second round, Harrison scored a huge upset as he took down his first top-ten opponent Grigor Dimitrov. Harrison continued his run as he defeated Croatian Ivo Karlović in the quarterfinals. Harrison eventually lost to Spaniard David Ferrer in three sets in the semifinals. Harrison scored 200 ATP points in Acapulco, which rocketed his ranking up from 169 to 109. At the 2015 Cincinnati Masters, he lost to Thanasi Kokkinakis in the qualifying round.

### 2016: Resurgence

Harrison began his resurgence in the summer by reaching the round of 16 in both the Citi Open, an ATP 500 event, and the Rogers Cup in Toronto, an ATP 1000 Masters event. At the US Open, he achieved the biggest win of his career by knocking off 5th-seeded Milos Raonic to reach the 3rd round of a grand slam for the first time ever. With this run, he returned to the Top 100 for the first time in several years.

Playing for the San Diego Aviators, Harrison was named 2016 World TeamTennis Male Most Valuable Player. He led the league in winning percentage in men's singles and was also second in men's doubles behind teammate Raven Klaasen. The 2016 Aviators won the King Trophy as WTT champions.

### 2017: First ATP title, French Open doubles title, top 40 debut

Harrison won his first match at the Australian Open over Frenchman Nicolas Mahut 6–3, 6–4, 6–2, marking the first time he made the second round at the tournament since 2013. He then fell in straight sets to Tomáš Berdych.

Harrison reached the final of the RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas and defeated Taylor Fritz in straight sets, winning his fourth Challenger title. In his next tournament, Harrison followed up on that success by reaching both the singles and doubles finals at the Memphis Open. This was his first singles final, having lost in the semifinals on seven previous occasions. Although he would lose the doubles final with Steve Johnson, Harrison defeated Nikoloz Basilashvili in the singles final to win his first career title. Between his back-to-back titles at the RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas and the Memphis Open, he did not drop a set at either tournament.

At the French Open, Harrison teamed with Michael Venus to win the men's doubles title.

Harrison reached a career-high ranking of No. 40 on 17 July 2017. Two weeks later he made his second final of 2017 at the 2017 Atlanta Open, losing to John Isner.

### 2018: Two ATP singles and one doubles finals

Harrison started 2018 by making the final of the 2018 Brisbane International before losing to Nick Kyrgios 6–4, 6–2. He also made the final in 2018 BB&T Atlanta Open losing to John Isner. At the same tournament he reached the doubles final partnering Rajeev Ram.

During competition in the 2018 New York Open, Harrison was charged by competitor Donald Young with making racist comments during their match. After an investigation, the ATP found no evidence that racist comments had been made.

### 2020–2021: Return to tour, first ATP win since 2019 and doubles final

He made his return to the tour at the 2020 Delray Beach Open as a wildcard, after being out due to surgery, and won his first match since April 2019 in Houston, defeating Damir Džumhur.

In 2021, he reached the doubles final, also as a wildcard, in Delray Beach, partnering his brother Christian Harrison.

### 2024: Retirement

In January 2024, Harrison announced that he would retire from professional tennis due to health issues.

## World TeamTennis

Harrison has played three seasons with World TeamTennis, making his debut in 2016 with the San Diego Aviators. He was named the 2016 WTT Male MVP, after recording the highest Men's singles winning percentage (.608), and the second highest winning percentage in Men's doubles (.586). He has since played another two seasons for the Aviators (2017–2018). It was announced he will be joining the San Diego Aviators during the 2020 WTT season set to begin July 12.

## Playing style

Harrison relies on an explosive serve and a counterpunching game from the baseline. He is also known for a strong forehand and for having a strong second serve, both in pace and kick.

## Significant finals

### Grand Slam finals

#### Doubles: 1 (1 title)

| Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponent | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Winner | 2017 | French Open | Clay | Michael Venus | Santiago González
Donald Young | 7–6(7–5), 6–7(4–7), 6–3 |

## ATP career finals

### Singles: 4 (1 title, 3 runners-up)

| Legend  Grand Slam tournaments (0–0)  ATP World Tour Finals (0–0)  ATP World Tour Masters 1000 (0–0)  ATP World Tour 500 Series (0–0)  ATP World Tour 250 Series (1–3) | Titles by surface  Hard (1–3)  Clay (0–0)  Grass (0–0) | Titles by setting  Outdoor (0–3)  Indoor (1–0) |
| --- | --- | --- |

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Win | 1–0 | Feb 2017 | Memphis Open, United States | 250 Series | Hard (i) | Nikoloz Basilashvili | 6–1, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1–1 | Jul 2017 | Atlanta Open, United States | 250 Series | Hard | John Isner | 6–7(6–8), 6–7(7–9) |
| Loss | 1–2 | Jan 2018 | Brisbane International, Australia | 250 Series | Hard | Nick Kyrgios | 4–6, 2–6 |
| Loss | 1–3 | Jul 2018 | Atlanta Open, United States | 250 Series | Hard | John Isner | 7–5, 3–6, 4–6 |

### Doubles: 7 (4 titles, 3 runner-ups)

| Legend  Grand Slam tournaments (1–0)  ATP World Tour Finals (0–0)  ATP World Tour Masters 1000 (0–0)  ATP World Tour 500 Series (0–0)  ATP World Tour 250 Series (3–3) | Titles by surface  Hard (1–3)  Clay (2–0)  Grass (1–0) | Titles by setting  Outdoor (4–2)  Indoor (0–1) |
| --- | --- | --- |

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Win | 1–0 | Jul 2011 | Hall of Fame Championships, United States | 250 Series | Grass | Matthew Ebden | Johan Brunström
Adil Shamasdin | 4–6, 6–3, \[10–5\] |
| Win | 2–0 | Jul 2012 | Atlanta Open, United States | 250 Series | Hard | Matthew Ebden | Xavier Malisse
Michael Russell | 6–3, 3–6, \[10–6\] |
| Loss | 2–1 | Feb 2017 | Memphis Open, United States | 250 Series | Hard (i) | Steve Johnson | Brian Baker
Nikola Mektić | 3–6, 4–6 |
| Win | 3–1 | May 2017 | Estoril Open, Portugal | 250 Series | Clay | Michael Venus | David Marrero
Tommy Robredo | 7–5, 6–2 |
| Win | 4–1 | Jun 2017 | French Open, France | Grand Slam | Clay | Michael Venus | Santiago González
Donald Young | 7–6(7–5), 6–7(4–7), 6–3 |
| Loss | 4–2 | Jul 2018 | Atlanta Open, United States | 250 Series | Hard | Rajeev Ram | Nicholas Monroe
John-Patrick Smith | 6–3, 6–7(5–7), \[8–10\] |
| Loss | 4–3 | Jan 2021 | Delray Beach Open, United States | 250 Series | Hard | Christian Harrison | Ariel Behar
Gonzalo Escobar | 7–6(7–5), 6–7(4–7), \[4–10\] |

## Performance timelines

Key
| **W** | F | SF | QF | #R | RR | Q# | P# | DNQ | A | Z# | PO | **G** | S | B | NMS | NTI | P | NH |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

(W) winner; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (P#) preliminary round; (DNQ) did not qualify; (A) absent; (Z#) Davis/Fed Cup Zonal Group (with number indication) or (PO) play-off; (G) gold, (S) silver or (B) bronze Olympic/Paralympic medal; (NMS) not a Masters tournament; (NTI) not a Tier I tournament; (P) postponed; (NH) not held; (SR) strike rate (events won / competed); (W–L) win–loss record.  To avoid confusion and double counting, these charts are updated at the conclusion of a tournament or when the player's participation has ended.

### Singles

*Current through the 2021 Delray Beach Open.*

| Tournament | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | SR | W–L | Win % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Grand Slam tournaments** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Australian Open | A | A | 1R | 1R | 1R | 2R | 1R | Q1 | 1R | 2R | 3R | 2R | A | A | 0 / 9 | 5–9 | 36% |
| French Open | A | A | Q3 | 1R | 1R | 2R | Q2 | A | Q2 | 1R | 1R | Q1 | A | A | 0 / 5 | 1–5 | 17% |
| Wimbledon | A | A | Q1 | 2R | 2R | 1R | 1R | Q1 | Q1 | 2R | 2R | A | NH | A | 0 / 6 | 4–6 | 40% |
| US Open | Q1 | Q1 | 2R | 1R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 1R | 3R | 1R | 1R | Q1 | A | A | 0 / 9 | 4–9 | 31% |
| Win–loss | 0–0 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 1–4 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 0–3 | 0–1 | 2–2 | 2–4 | 3–4 | 1–1 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 0 / 29 | 14–29 | 33% |
| **National representation** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Davis Cup | A | A | A | A | SF | A | A | A | A | A | SF | A | A | A | 0 / 2 | 2–2 | 50% |
| **ATP Tour Masters 1000** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indian Wells Masters | A | A | 2R | 4R | 4R | 2R | 2R | 2R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 1R | NH | A | 0 / 10 | 11–10 | 52% |
| Miami Masters | Q1 | A | 1R | 1R | 2R | 1R | 2R | 1R | Q1 | 1R | 1R | Q1 | NH | A | 0 / 8 | 2–8 | 20% |
| Monte Carlo Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 1R | A | A | NH | A | 0 / 1 | 0–1 | 0% |
| Madrid Masters | A | A | A | A | 2R | A | Q2 | A | A | 2R | 2R | A | NH | A | 0 / 3 | 3–3 | 50% |
| Rome Masters | A | A | A | A | Q1 | A | A | A | A | 2R | 2R | A | A | A | 0 / 2 | 2–2 | 50% |
| Canada Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | Q1 | 3R | 2R | 2R | A | NH | A | 0 / 3 | 4–3 | 57% |
| Cincinnati Masters | Q1 | Q1 | A | 2R | 1R | 2R | A | Q1 | Q1 | 1R | Q1 | A | A | A | 0 / 4 | 2–4 | 33% |
| Shanghai Masters | A | A | A | 2R | 1R | Q2 | A | A | Q2 | 2R | A | A | NH | | 0 / 3 | 2–3 | 40% |
| Paris Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | Q2 | 1R | A | A | A | A | 0 / 1 | 0–1 | 0% |
| Win–loss | 0–0 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 5–4 | 5–5 | 2–3 | 2–2 | 1–2 | 3–2 | 4–9 | 3–5 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 0 / 35 | 26–35 | 43% |
| **Career statistics** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|  | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Career | | |
| Tournaments | 1 | 0 | 9 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 13 | 8 | 11 | 24 | 21 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 157 | | |
| Titles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | | |
| Finals | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | | |
| Overall win–loss | 1–1 | 0–0 | 4–9 | 14–19 | 23–24 | 11–21 | 5–13 | 5–8 | 11–11 | 19–23 | 21–21 | 3–7 | 1–1 | 0–1 | 1 / 157 | 118–159 | 43% |
| Win % | 50% |  | 31% | 42% | 49% | 34% | 28% | 38% | 50% | 45% | 50% | 30% | 50% | 0% | 42.6% | | |
| Year-end ranking | 748 | 360 | 173 | 79 | 69 | 100 | 191 | 112 | 90 | 47 | 62 | 302 | 479 | 451 | $4,796,965 | | |

### Doubles

| Tournament | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | SR | W–L | Win % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Grand Slam tournaments** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Australian Open | A | A | A | A | 1R | 1R | 1R | A | A | A | 1R | SF | A | A | 0 / 5 | 4–5 | 44% |
| French Open | A | A | A | A | QF | A | A | A | A | **W** | 1R | A | A | A | 1 / 3 | 9–2 | 82% |
| Wimbledon | A | A | A | 1R | 1R | A | 1R | A | A | QF | 1R | A | NH | A | 0 / 5 | 3–5 | 37% |
| US Open | 1R | 2R | 2R | A | QF | 2R | A | A | 1R | 1R | 3R | 1R | 2R | A | 0 / 10 | 9–10 | 47% |
| Win–loss | 0–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–1 | 6–4 | 1–2 | 0–2 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 9–2 | 2–4 | 4–2 | 1–1 | 0–0 | 1 / 23 | 25–22 | 53% |
| **Year-end championships** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ATP Finals | Did not qualify | | | | | | | | | SF | DNQ | | | | 0 / 1 | 3–1 | 75% |
| **National representation** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Davis Cup | A | A | A | A | SF | A | A | A | A | A | SF | A | A | A | 0 / 2 | 3–0 | 100% |
| **ATP Tour Masters 1000** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indian Wells Masters | A | A | A | 1R | 2R | A | A | A | A | A | 1R | A | NH | A | 0 / 3 | 1–3 | 25% |
| Miami Masters | A | A | 1R | 1R | 1R | 1R | SF | QF | A | A | 1R | A | NH | A | 0 / 7 | 5–7 | 42% |
| Rome Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 1R | A | A | A | 0 / 1 | 0–1 | 0% |
| Canadian Open | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 1R | A | A | A | A | 0 / 1 | 0–1 | 0% |
| Cincinnati Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 2R | SF | 2R | A | 2R | A | 0 / 4 | 6–4 | 60% |
| Shanghai Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 2R | A | A | NH | | 0 / 1 | 0–1 | 0% |
| Paris Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 2R | A | A | A | A | 0 / 1 | 1–1 | 50% |
| Win–loss | 0–0 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 0–2 | 1–2 | 0–1 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 4–4 | 1–4 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 0 / 18 | 12–18 | 41% |
| **Career statistics** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|  | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Career | | |
| Titles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | | |
| Finals | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | | |
| Overall win–loss | 0–2 | 1–1 | 4–4 | 5–7 | 13–9 | 3–8 | 6–6 | 5–4 | 3–3 | 24–17 | 17–14 | 7–6 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 92–83 | | |
| Year-end ranking | 737 | 422 | 173 | 157 | 62 | 368 | 104 | 203 | 238 | 16 | 102 | 93 | 264 | 331 | 52.57% | | |

## Wins over top-10 players

| # | Player | Rank | Event | Surface | Rd | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **2015** | | | | | | |
| 1. | Grigor Dimitrov | 10 | Acapulco, Mexico | Hard | 2R | 7–5, 4–6, 6–0 |
| **2016** | | | | | | |
| 2. | Milos Raonic | 6 | US Open, New York, United States | Hard | 2R | 6–7(4–7), 7–5, 7–5, 6–1 |

## InfoBox

Ryan Harrison
| Harrison at the 2023 Washington Open | |
| --- | --- |
| Country (sports) | United States |
| Residence | Atlanta, U.S. |
| Born | (1992-05-07) May 7, 1992
Shreveport, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Height | 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) |
| Turned pro | 2007 |
| Retired | January 2024 |
| Plays | Right-handed (two-handed backhand) |
| Coach | Davide Sanguinetti |
| Prize money | US $4,814,670 |
| Official website | ryanharrisontennis.com |
| Singles | |
| Career record | 118–159 |
| Career titles | 1 |
| Highest ranking | No. 40 (17 July 2017) |
| Grand Slam singles results | |
| Australian Open | 3R (2018) |
| French Open | 2R (2013) |
| Wimbledon | 2R (2011, 2012, 2017, 2018) |
| US Open | 3R (2016) |
| Other tournaments | |
| Olympic Games | 1R (2012) |
| Doubles | |
| Career record | 92–83 |
| Career titles | 4 |
| Highest ranking | No. 16 (20 November 2017) |
| Grand Slam doubles results | |
| Australian Open | SF (2019) |
| French Open | **W** (2017) |
| Wimbledon | QF (2017) |
| US Open | QF (2012) |
| Other doubles tournaments | |
| Tour Finals | SF (2017) |
| Grand Slam mixed doubles results | |
| US Open | 1R (2019, 2023) |
| Team competitions | |
| Davis Cup | SF (2012, 2018) |
| Last updated on: 25 September 2023. | |


title: Bill Brown (outfielder)

abstract: William Verna Brown, nicknamed "Verno", was an American Major League Baseball left fielder who played with the St. Louis Browns in 1912.

text:
# Bill Brown (outfielder)

**William Verna Brown** (July 8, 1893  May 13, 1965), nicknamed "**Verno**", was an American Major League Baseball left fielder who played with the St. Louis Browns in 1912.

## InfoBox

| Bill Brown | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| **Left fielder** | |
| **Born:** (1893-07-08)July 8, 1893
Coleman, Texas, U.S. | |
| **Died:** May 13, 1965(1965-05-13) (aged 71)
Lubbock, Texas, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Left | |
| MLB debut | |
| August 15, 1912, for the St. Louis Browns | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| September 13, 1912, for the St. Louis Browns | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .200 |
| Home runs | 0 |
| Runs batted in | 1 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


abstract: The Royal National Institute for Deaf People (RNID), known as Action on Hearing Loss from 2011 to 2020, is a charitable organisation working on behalf of the UK's 9 million people who are deaf or have hearing loss.

text:
# Royal National Institute for Deaf People

The **Royal National Institute for Deaf People** (**RNID**), known as **Action on Hearing Loss** from 2011 to 2020, is a charitable organisation working on behalf of the UK's 9 million people who are deaf or have hearing loss.

## History

The Royal National Institute for Deaf People was founded as the National Bureau for Promoting the General Welfare of the Deaf in 1911 by Leo Bonn (Leo Bernard William Bonn) a deaf merchant banker, and philanthropist, in the ballroom of his home, at Bonn House, 22 Upper Brook Street, Mayfair, on 9 June 1911. The house is marked by a memorial plaque unveiled by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Patron to the RNID, on 9 June 1998.

The Bureau was reorganised as the National Institute for the Deaf in 1924. Alongside its role in influencing public policy in favour of people who are hard of hearing in the UK, it also developed a role as a provider of care to deaf and hard of hearing people with additional needs during the late 1920s and early 1930s.

During the 1940s, with the introduction of the National Health Service to the UK, it successfully campaigned for the provision of free hearing aids through the new welfare state system. The 1950s and 1960s saw its increasing influence marked by Royal recognition: in 1958, Prince Philip became the Patron of the institute; and in 1961 Elizabeth II approved the addition of the "Royal" prefix, creating the Royal National Institute for the Deaf (RNID).

The Institute expanded into medical and technological research during the 1960s and 1970s, being a key player in the development of NHS provided behind-the-ear hearing aids. During the 1980s it developed the Telephone Exchange for the Deaf, a pioneering relay service allowing telephone users and deaf "textphone" users to communicate with each other using a third-party operator to relay voice and text communication. This became the service known as Typetalk in 1991, funded by BT but operated on their behalf by RNID until 7 December 2009 when the RNID stepped down from the service. It is now solely owned, run and managed by BT alone. In March 2009 the name of the Typetalk service was changed to Text Relay.

In 1992 the Institute changed its name to the Royal National Institute for Deaf People but kept the initials RNID.

June 2011 saw celebrations of 100 years of the RNID and a new trading name. "Action on Hearing Loss" was chosen to describe the breadth of help and support that RNID provided for people with all types of hearing loss — from people who were profoundly deaf, to people who were losing their hearing. While trading under the new name, it kept the legal name, Royal National Institute for Deaf People.

RNID announced in 2020 that it was selling its 23 care homes and its supported living, community and domiciliary care services which it had been providing since 1929. The charity's 560 clients were told their homes and services were to be sold and the 600 staff would be transferred to a new owner. This was despite the organisation's chief executive saying in 2018 he had no plans to carry out the kind of mass sale of services that he oversaw in his previous position as chief executive of the disability charity Scope.

Its 2017/2018 annual accounts showed the charity had an income of £40.1m but spent £42.7m. This was the fifth time in six years that the charity's expenditure had exceeded its income. RNID's auditor PricewaterhouseCoopers said that "material uncertainty" over fundraising income and other conditions cast doubt on the charity's ability to "continue as a going concern".

A financial recovery plan was delivered in the 2019/20 financial year. As a result, RNID's auditors expressed no further concerns about the charity's going concern status in the accounts signed in November 2019. Like all charities, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in new financial pressures for RNID. However, as a result of the financial recovery plan and ongoing prudent financial management, RNID is confident in its ongoing financial sustainability.

In 2020, partly as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the charity rebranded and reverted to the RNID name, stating a new purpose: "Together, we will make life fully inclusive for deaf people and those with hearing loss or tinnitus."

The charity's care and support services in England and Wales were acquired by Achieve Together, a provider of specialist support for people with learning disabilities, autism and associated complex needs in 2021.

The charity partnered with Sela and Newcastle United to create a jersey which would transform stadium noise into real-time touch sensations. Sela co-created a "haptic" jersey with the charity for deaf supporters to wear and donated its front-of-shirt sponsorship to the charity for a match against Tottenham Hotspur on 13 April 2024 as part of the charity's "Unsilence the Crowd" campaign.

### Collections

The RNID's collections were part of the Ear Institute Library prior to its closure in 2020. Today the archive and rare books library is held in University College London's Special Collections.

## Activities

RNID activities include:

* campaigning and lobbying, with the help of members, to change laws and government policies
* providing information and raising awareness of deafness, hearing loss and tinnitus
* giving training courses and consultancy on deafness and disability
* offering communication services including sign language interpreters
* making lasting change in education for deaf children and young people
* supporting deaf people into work with the organisation's employment programmes
* providing care services for deaf and hard of hearing people with additional needs
* social, medical and technical research.

## Present operations

RNID lobbies and works with the UK government on modernisation of the UK's audiology services. This included the switchover from analogue to digital hearing aids provided under the NHS.

RNID has also undertakes product development. The RNID Product Development team won an innovation award for their work on a new genre of telephon, the ScreenPhone, though this has now been discontinued.

### Hearing check

RNID has developed an online free, confidential online hearing check, which can identify potential hearing problems. The five-minute check assesses a person's ability to hear someone speaking when there is background noise.

### Celebrity ambassadors

The charity's celebrity ambassadors include Samantha Baines. Scarlette Douglas is a former ambassador.

## InfoBox

Royal National Institute for Deaf People
|
|  |
| Established | 1911 |
| Type | NGO |
| Legal status | Charity |
| Headquarters | Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, England |
| Region served | United Kingdom |
| Chief Executive | Harriet Oppenheimer |
| Website | rnid.org.uk |


title: Sabine Stiefbold

abstract: Sabine Stiefbold is a German Paralympic skier, who represented West Germany in alpine skiing at the 1980 Paralympic Winter Games, and 1984 Paralympic Winter Games. She won a total of five medals, including one gold medal, two silver medals. and two bronze medals.

text:
# Sabine Stiefbold

**Sabine Stiefbold** is a German Paralympic skier , who represented West Germany in alpine skiing at the 1980 Paralympic Winter Games, and 1984 Paralympic Winter Games. She won a total of five medals, including one gold medal, two silver medals. and two bronze medals.

## Career

At the 1980 Paralympic Winter Games, Stiefbold ranked 3rd in the 3B giant slalom with a time of 3: 15.88 (1st place Brigitte Madlener who finished the race in 2: 52.86 and 2nd place Sabine Barisch in 3: 13.47), and 4th place in the special slalom in 3: 13.47).

At the 1984 Paralympic Winter Games, in Innsbruck, she won a total of four medals: gold in the slalom LW5 / 7 (with a realized time of 1: 33.78), two silvers (in the giant slalom races in 1:48.22, and alpine super combined in 2: 48.72), and a bronze in downhill (bronze with a time of 1: 36.27, gold for the Austrian athlete Brigitte Madlener in 1: 24.92 and silver for compatriot Sabine Barisch in 1:27.65); all in the LW5 / 7 category.

1. "Sabine Stiefbold - Alpine skiing | Paralympic Athlete Profile". *International Paralympic Committee*. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
2. "Geilo 1980 - alpine-skiing – womens-giant-slalom-3b". *International Paralympic Committee*. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
3. "Women's Giant Slalom 3B - Results" (PDF). *skiforbundet.no*.
4. "Geilo 1980 - alpine-skiing – womens-slalom-3b". *International Paralympic Committee*. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
5. "Innsbruck 1984 - alpine-skiing – womens-slalom-lw57". *International Paralympic Committee*. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
6. "Innsbruck 1984 - alpine-skiing – womens-giant-slalom-lw57". *International Paralympic Committee*. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
7. "Innsbruck 1984 - alpine-skiing – womens-alpine-combination-lw57". *International Paralympic Committee*. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
8. "Innsbruck 1984 - alpine-skiing – womens-downhill-lw57". *International Paralympic Committee*. Retrieved 2022-10-29.

## InfoBox

Sabine Stiefbold
| Sport | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | West Germany |
| Sport | Alpine skiing |
| Medal record      Alpine skiing  Representing  West Germany  Paralympic Games  1984 Innsbruck Slalom LW5/7  1984 Innsbruck Giant slalom LW5/7  1984 Innsbruck Alpine combination LW5/7  1980 Geilo Giant slalom 3B  1984 Innsbruck Downhill LW5/7 | |


title: Brown Center for Students of Color

abstract: The Brown Center for Students of Color (BCSC), formerly known as the Third World Center, is a center for the support of students of color at Brown University. Founded in 1972 at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, the Center is "a place and space for students of color to explore their identity, develop their leadership skills, and build a sense of community in a welcoming and supportive environment." The BCSC was founded out of a rich history of student activism and organizing, a history that is honored in its mission today. The center is staffed by administrators and student leaders and puts on a variety of workshops and events to spark dialogue and promote critical reflection and social justice around topics such as racism, classism, sexism, cissexism, heterosexism, imperialism, and ableism. Students can engage with the center as participants in the Third World Transition Program as well as apply to be Minority Peer Counselors, Heritage Series programmers, Initiative Coordinators, Student Advisory Board Members, and Office Aides. The BCSC is also open as a study and hang out space to students, with a variety of lounges and classrooms as well as Black, Latino, Asian American, Native, and Multiracial rooms that can be reserved for student group meetings. The center was renamed from being the Third World Center in the fall of 2014, and is in the process of developing a Social Justice Peer Educators Program.

text:
# Brown Center for Students of Color

The **Brown Center for Students of Color** (BCSC), formerly known as the Third World Center, is a center for the support of students of color at Brown University. Founded in 1972 at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, the Center is "a place and space for students of color to explore their identity, develop their leadership skills, and build a sense of community in a welcoming and supportive environment." The BCSC was founded out of a rich history of student activism and organizing, a history that is honored in its mission today.

The center is staffed by administrators and student leaders and puts on a variety of workshops and events to spark dialogue and promote critical reflection and social justice around topics such as racism, classism, sexism, cissexism, heterosexism, imperialism, and ableism. Students can engage with the center as participants in the Third World Transition Program as well as apply to be Minority Peer Counselors, Heritage Series programmers, Initiative Coordinators, Student Advisory Board Members, and Office Aides. The BCSC is also open as a study and hang out space to students, with a variety of lounges and classrooms as well as Black, Latino, Asian American, Native, and Multiracial rooms that can be reserved for student group meetings.

The center was renamed from being the Third World Center in the fall of 2014, and is in the process of developing a Social Justice Peer Educators Program.

## History

The Brown Center for Students of Color was established after a series of student protests in 1968 and 1975. Amid the civil rights movement of the late 1960s and 1970s, a group of Black students walked out of Brown University in December 1968 in protest of fierce racism on campus. The students were led by a group of Black women at the then separate women's college at Brown, Pembroke College. Sixty-five of what were only eighty-five Black students at the time walked out together and marched to the nearby Congdon Street Baptist Church. The students had a list of demands for then President of the university, Ray Heffner. These included increasing the university's enrollment of freshmen to 11%, which was granted alongside financial aid for those students and an increase in Black faculty and staff. As a result of the 1968 demands, the eight-week-long academic and social enrichment focused Transitional Summer Program was created, later to be shortened and become the Third World Transitional Program in 1975. The demands also led to the initial creation of the Rites and Reasons Theater in 1970, one of the oldest continuously running Black theaters in the country. A series of protests in 1972 by Third World Students pushed the university to recommit to the 1968 demands, which was one of the factors that led to the creation of the Minority Peer Counselor Program in 1973.

The second set of protests in 1975 against the new administration headed by President Donald Frederick Hornig was in response to the proposed 1975-1976 budget. The budget was set to reduce financial aid and reduce faculty in a way that would affect minorities. Students formed a Third World Coalition and took over University Hall. Forty Black, Asian, and Latino students occupied University Hall for 38 and a half hours in an effort to again assert a recommitment to the 1968 demands. This led to the renaming of the Transitional Summer Program to the Third World Transition Program as well as the establishment of the Third World Center in the basement of Churchill House. The Third World Center was actually established because the Afro House at 227 Bowen was going to be destroyed to create a new dormitory complex, so Churchill basement was proposed as the new quarters. The decision was made, however, to have the Third World Center cater to all Third World students, Black, Latino, Asian, and Native.

In 1985, the Third World Coalition again occupied a university building, this time John Carter Brown Library, in an effort to increase minority representation in the student body and to reclaim documents of Brown's slaveholding family, among other demands. In 1987, the Third World Center moved to its current location, Partridge Hall, as a result of the 1985 demands.

In 1992, there was another takeover of University Hall and a push for continued commitment to the demands of the 1968, 1975, and 1985 protests.

A strategic plan that ended in the fall of 2014 was charged with developing a revised mission statement for the center, developing a five-year plan that outlined goals of critical reflection and informed action, leadership development, and social justice education for students of color and their allies, and renaming the center in a way that still reflecting the legacy of student of color activism. It is under this charge that the Third World Center was renamed to be the Brown Center for Students of Color.

## Mission

The mission of the Brown Center for Students of Color has evolved over the years, but its current mission statement reads "Visualize. Vocalize. Mobilize." it continues to serve as a gathering place for students of color and makes an effort to "build meaningful relationships across difference, develop racial and ethnic consciousness, and enact change at Brown and beyond. The BCSC advances Brown University’s mission of educating and preparing students to discharge the offices of life with usefulness and reputation by empowering students of color, cultivating leadership, facilitating critical reflection, fostering informed action, and promoting social justice."

## Center Initiatives

### Third World Transition Program

The Third World Transition Program (TWTP) was established in 1969 as the Transitional Summer Program as part of the demands of the 1968 student walk outs. It originally consisted of 7 weeks of academic enrichment followed by one week of socializing and other activities. Currently, TWTP consists of 3 days of workshops about various systems of oppression such as racism, classism, sexism, heterosexism, and cissexism. The workshops are held as a pre-orientation program for students about to enter their first year of college that introduces students to a variety of support structures and resources on Brown's campus. It calls on participants to be open to new perspectives and reconsider history and aspects of their identity to both understand themselves and the community they have become a part of. The name refers again, to Third World-ism rather than to any set of so-called Third World countries.

#### Controversy

Due to the topics of conversation discussed and to the unfamiliarity people may have with the history of the name, TWTP has been the recipient of much controversy. In 2002, the program was first opened to white students if they wished to participate. In 2006, only nine white students total had participated in the program. Since then white student attendance has increased, which has led to concerns about the threat to the original intentions of the program being a space specifically geared towards students of color. Many students have also exhibited mixed reviews on the program's intentions and successes, from extreme success and community building to the exact opposite. To that point, critical students have expressed that the timing of the program before other orientation activities separates the larger student body from TWTP participants, and press for a larger campus conversation incorporating all incoming freshmen.

### Minority Peer Counselor Program

The Minority Peer Counselor Program was created in 1973 by Black upperclassmen at Brown to help Black underclassmen with their academic pursuits. Counselors act as a source of support and foster community. In the mid 70's, the program expanded to include those of Asian and Latino backgrounds. In the 80's, the program expanded to include Native and Multiracial students. In 1995, Arab Americans were also added to the possible applicant list. Minority Peer Counselors are often referred to in shorthand as MPCs.

In the 90's, MPCs began to offer workshops on Racism, Classism, Sexism, and Heterosexism and Homophobia in order to spark discussions and critical dialogue throughout campus. Hosted throughout the year, workshops often expand beyond the four outlined topics, addressing issues such as Cissexism, Imperialism, Ableism, Religious discrimination, and Ageism. The broader topics are often broken down into specific intersections of identity such as food access for different races and classes, Sexual Assault and Violence perpetuated towards communities of color, or Post-9/11 Islamophobia, as examples. Moreover, MPCs live in first year units at Brown, serving as resources and mentors to all students, drawing on their experiences as students of color.

### ALANA Mentoring Program

ALANA is a mentoring program founded in 1994 through the university. ALANA stands for the intended mentees of the program, African American, Latino, Asian/Asian American, and native students. It pairs students of color with staff, graduate/medical students, or alumni of color to foster meaningful interaction and provide support and guidance to incoming students. The program begins a freshman's second semester and continues into the first semester of their sophomore year. Though mentors and mentees are in constant dialogue, the program also hosts events throughout the year to let mentors and mentees share ideas and connect with one another.

### Heritage Series

The BCSC sponsors 5 distinct heritage series. They are the Black Heritage Series, the Latino Heritage Series, the Asian/Asian American Heritage Series, the Native American Heritage Series, and the Multiracial Heritage Series. The series are responsible for putting on student events and bringing distinguished speakers and performers to campus that reflect and celebrate the identities of their respective series.

### Student Initiatives

The BCSC also serves as a meeting place of student-led groups labelled as student initiatives that foster community between small groups that fall into broader categorizations, build leadership skills, or connect students directly to alumni. These include the Black Student Initiative, which maintains a close relationship with the Inman Page Black Alumni Council. The BCSC also houses BlackBoard and ONYX, a group that celebrates the graduation of Black students from Brown into being black alumni. The Latino Student Initiative and the Asian American Student Initiative work closely with Latino Alumni and the Asian/Asian American Alumni Alliance (A4), respectively. The BCSC also houses Latino Leadership Gatherings and the Pan Asian Council.

## Renaming

The Brown Center for Students of Color was renamed from its original name of the Third World Center in fall of 2014. Thirty potential names were discussed and voted on by involved faculty, staff, and students. The name change was a result of a year long internal review that involved a reshaping of both the BCSC's mission, organizational structure, resources, and programs. These include the replacement of the Minority Peer counselor Friends program with the currently developing Social Justice Peer Educator program. The internal review also led to the publishing of a strategic plan that outlined many of the center's priorities for the next five years.

## InfoBox

Brown Center for Students of Color
|
|  |
| Formation | 1976 |
| Headquarters | Partridge Hall |
| Location | * 68 Brown St. <br>Providence, RI |
| Associate Dean and Director | Dr. Vincent T. Harris |
| Affiliations | Brown University |
| Website | https://www.brown.edu/campus-life/support/students-of-color/ |
| Formerly called | Third World Center |


title: Sablay Ka Na... Pasaway Ka Pa...

abstract: Sablay Ka Na... Pasaway Ka Pa... is a 2005 Philippine romantic comedy film directed by Willy Milan. The film stars Mikey Arroyo, Ethel Booba and Katrina Halili.

text:
# Sablay Ka Na... Pasaway Ka Pa...

***Sablay Ka Na... Pasaway Ka Pa...*** (lit.'You're a Failure... You're also Naughty...') is a 2005 Philippine romantic comedy film directed by Willy Milan. The film stars Mikey Arroyo, Ethel Booba and Katrina Halili.

## Cast

## Release

The film premiered at the gym of the Naval Institute of Technology on July 3, 2005. The film was released nationwide on October 19, 2005.

## InfoBox

| Sablay Ka Na... Pasaway Ka Pa... | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Willy Milan |
| Written by | Marlon Rivero |
| Produced by | Benjamin G. Yalung |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Val Dauz |
| Edited by | Randy Brien |
| Music by | Eazer Pastor |
| Production<br>company | Cine Suerte |
| Distributed by | Cine Suerte |
| Release date | * October 19, 2005 (2005-10-19) |
| Running time | 102 minutes |
| Country | Philippines |
| Language | Filipino |


title: Sacha Sacket

abstract: Sacha Sacket is an American pop singer-songwriter who resides in Los Angeles, California. Sacket has produced six albums, Alabaster Flesh (2001), Shadowed (2005), Lovers and Leaders (2007), Live at the Zone (2008), Hermitage (2009), and Viscera (2010). He has also starred in the musical "It Gets Better," (2012) which also features songs he has written.

text:
# Sacha Sacket

**Sacha Sacket** (born September 20, 1978, in Tehran, Iran) is an American pop singer-songwriter who resides in Los Angeles, California. Sacket has produced six albums, *Alabaster Flesh* (2001), *Shadowed* (2005), *Lovers and Leaders* (2007), *Live at the Zone* (2008), *Hermitage* (2009), and *Viscera* (2010). He has also starred in the musical "*It Gets Better*," (2012) which also features songs he has written.

## Albums

### *Alabaster Flesh*

His first album was an exploration of masculinity in culture that "summons to its use such inveterate forms as ancient mythology and astronomy to lend support to his reinvention of modern heroism". In an August 1, 2001 interview with Greling Jackson of *Oasis Magazine*, he comments, "\[It\] was an album where I was claiming my voice... I really didn't know how to before... I learned to crawl out of my shell and expose my entity." This first album was largely promoted across California, where he put on live concerts at high schools and university campuses to gain exposure.

### *Shadowed*

Recorded in 2004 in Los Angeles with producer Mike Baiardi, Sacha was quoted as saying: "I felt it was time to delve into 'dark things' go places where I degraded myself, where I was a doormat, where I would destroy someone if I could. Not in an attempt to immediately rectify or justify myself, just to express it. I had to be damaged, to have faults, to show the darkness. I really went to those life and death situations where a life is beginning or ending. Where your humanity truly reveals itself, when your character is tested  the underlying truth."

*Shadowed* marked a Sacha touring countless universities and colleges nationwide as well as many festivals.

### *Lovers and Leaders*

Sacket's third album, *Lovers and Leaders*, debuted in 2007 to generally positive reviews and with the release Sacket toured regionally. He is quoted as saying, "Although it's a love album, the theme is really more about my battle not to succumb to it. I guess I equated love with losing power, losing my goals and aspirations. I was trying to find the balance between honoring someone else and myself, while finding where the edges meet."

Sacket also toured with a band: Alexa Brinkschulte on drums, Jennifer Trani on guitar, and Anna Rosales on bass guitar. They toured in clubs and venues along the west coast.

### *Live at the Zone*

Sacha Sacket brought his all-female band to a Los Angeles sex club to record a new live record in 2008, *Sacha Sacket and the LadyKillers: Live at the Zone*. The full-length album marks the culmination of a year touring together and showcases a gritty reinvention of his previously introspective work.

### *Viscera*

Sacha released 1+ new song every week starting June 1, 2010 and culminated in 35 new tracks. The first single "Breed" was released June 1 as promised. Recorded in Sacha's own studio "The Cave." The album features many musician 'greats' including indie legend Joey Waronker (Beck, R.E.M., Thom Yorke), Gus Seyffert (Norah Jones, Sia), Michael Chavez (Sarah McLachlan, John Mayer), and Aaron Sterling (Taylor Swift, Regina Spektor) to name a few.

## Discography

### Albums

1. *Alabaster Flesh* (2001)
2. *Shadowed* (2004)
3. *Lovers and Leaders* (2007)
4. *Sacha Sacket and the LadyKillers: Live at the Zone* (2008)
5. *Hermitage* (2009)
6. *Viscera* (2010)

## Personal life

Sacha Sacket recently performed in the nationwide tour of the musical *It Gets Better*, based on the It Gets Better Project started by Dan Savage. He was inspired to participate in this musical after he came across a video on YouTube posted by Jamey Rodemeyer, who shortly afterwards committed suicide. He later penned several songs for the show.

## InfoBox

| Sacha Sacket | |
| --- | --- |
| Sacha Sacket performing in 2005 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Sacha Sacket |
| Born | September 20, 1978<br>Tehran, Iran |
| Genres | Pop, pop rock, rock |
| Occupation(s) | Singer, songwriter, actor, pianist |
|  | |
| Website | www.sachasacket.com |


title: Brigitte Raue

abstract: Brigitte Raue is a retired German rower who won a bronze and a silver medal in the quad sculls at the European championships of 1957 and 1958, respectively.

text:
# Brigitte Raue

**Brigitte Raue** is a retired German rower who won a bronze and a silver medal in the quad sculls at the European championships of 1957 and 1958, respectively.

## InfoBox

Brigitte Raue
| Brigitte Raue (right) in 1958 | |
| --- | --- |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Rowing |
| Medal record      Women's rowing  Representing  East Germany  European Rowing Championships  1957 Duisburg  Quad sculls  1958 Poznań  Quad sculls | |


title: Brown false shieldback

abstract: The brown false shieldback is a species of katydid that is only known from two localities; in Mpumalanga and in Limpopo provinces, South Africa. It only occurs at elevations above 1,200 m in the mesic highveld grasslands.

text:
# Brown false shieldback

The **brown false shieldback** (***Aroegas fuscus***) is a species of katydid that is only known from two localities; in Mpumalanga and in Limpopo provinces, South Africa. It only occurs at elevations above 1,200 m in the mesic highveld grasslands.

## InfoBox

| Brown false shieldback | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Orthoptera |
| Family: | Tettigoniidae |
| Genus: | *Aroegas* |
| Species: | ***A. fuscus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Aroegas fuscus***
Naskrecki, 1996 | |
|