title: Sam Rosen (actor)

abstract: Sam Rosen is an American actor and writer.

text:
# Sam Rosen (actor)

**Sam Rosen** is an American actor and writer.

## Film work

One of Rosen's earliest film roles, if not his first was playing a white rapist in *The Hymens Parable* which was directed by Jon Springer. Then he appeared as Eddie in the Bill Semans directed *Herman U. S. A.* which was released in 2001.

In an *International Business Times* article about the film *Five Days Gone*, it said that he bestowed the film with a passionate, memorable performance as the drug addicted boyfriend of Alice (played by director Anna Kerrigan. He was the lead actor and co-writer of the Brady Kiernan directed film *Stuck Between Stations*. The film which premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York, was about a man and a woman who meet after a fight in a nightclub, who start talking and realize that they have some common history.

## InfoBox

| Sam Rosen | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | United States |
| Occupation(s) | actor, film director, screenwriter |
| Years active | 2000–present |


title: Candidate (2013 film)

abstract: Candidate is a 2013 Czecho-Slovak film. It was directed by Jonáš Karásek. It premiered in October 2013. It is a political thriller that includes references toward corruption scandals in Slovak politics, notably the Gorilla scandal. It was the most visited Slovak film of 2013.

text:
# Candidate (2013 film)

***Candidate*** (*Slovak:* ***Kandidát***) is a 2013 Czecho-Slovak film. It was directed by Jonáš Karásek. It premiered in October 2013. It is a political thriller that includes references toward corruption scandals in Slovak politics, notably the Gorilla scandal.

It was the most visited Slovak film of 2013.

## Plot

The film is about the Slovak presidential election. It is narrated by Blonďáčik, who is, along with his Czech partner Jazva, tasked to watch a rich businessman and lobbyist Adam Lambert. Lambert owns an advertising agency and is asked by an influential bishop Josef to manage presidential campaign of an unknown candidate Peter Potôň who can take some votes from opposition candidates. He reluctantly agrees but when he finds out that his rival Ivan Müller is a campaign manager of minister Černohorský who is the front runner in the election, he makes a bet with Müller that Potôň will win in the first round. If he wins he will get Müller's business property but if he loses the bet Müller will get his property. The campaign doesn't start well and Potôň fares weakly in the polls. This changes when Lambert's people find out that Potôň is related to Ľudovít Štúr and Lambert uses it in the campaign. Potôň gets a boost in polls but still isn't popular enough to win in the first round. Lambert decides to organise a false flag atentate on Potôň to increase his popularity enough. A day before voting the atentate occurs but Potôň is, in a shocking twist, shot by real bullets. He is taken to the hospital where he dies but not before the result of the election is announced; he wins in a landslide victory. Lambert wins the bet and gains Müller's property. Blonďáčik and Jazva give the compromising materials to Lambert's estranged wife who was secretly pulling all the strings. Blonďáčik states that she will destroy Lambert one day, if he doesn't destroy himself first. Blonďáčik later establishes new political party, the Party of Potôň's Successors, and becomes a major political force.

## Cast

Czech president Miloš Zeman appeared in a cameo role as a president of the Czech Republic. He wasn't elected yet when he was shooting his scene.

## Shooting

The shooting started on 19 September 2012. The shooting took place primarily in Slovakia but some parts were shot in the Czech Republic. Filming was complicated by the weather. Some scenes were shot authentically by asking various people about elections. It includes random people but also celebrities.

## InfoBox

| Candidate | |
| --- | --- |
| Maroš Hečko | |
| Directed by | Jonas Karasek |
| Written by | Maroš Hečko and Michal Havran |
| Produced by | Maroš Hečko |
| Starring | Marek Majeský |
| Cinematography | Tomáš Juríček |
| Edited by | Matej Beneš |
| Music by | Matúš Široký |
| Release date | * October 10, 2013 (2013-10-10) (Slovakia) |
| Running time | 106 minutes |
| Countries | Slovakia<br>Czech Republic |
| Language | Slovak |
| Budget | 120 000 eur |


title: John Crea

abstract: John Crea is a former American football coach and scout. He was the first head football coach for Methodist University Monarchs football team in Fayetteville, North Carolina. In three seasons, he compiled an overall record of 2–28, including two 0–10 seasons to start the new program. Crea was also the head coach at William Paterson University prior to Methodist and amassed a record of 31–38–1 from 1982 to 1988.

text:
# John Crea

**John Crea** (born September 27, 1951) is a former American football coach and scout. He was the first head football coach for Methodist University Monarchs football team in Fayetteville, North Carolina. In three seasons, he compiled an overall record of 2–28, including two 0–10 seasons to start the new program. Crea was also the head coach at William Paterson University prior to Methodist and amassed a record of 31–38–1 from 1982 to 1988.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **William Paterson Pioneers** *(New Jersey State Athletic Conference / New Jersey Athletic Conference)* (1982–1987) | | | | | | | | |
| 1982 | William Paterson | 5–5 | 3–3 | T–3rd |  |
| 1983 | William Paterson | 3–7 | 2–4 | T–4th |  |
| 1984 | William Paterson | 2–8 | 1–5 | 7th |  |
| 1985 | William Paterson | 5–5 | 3–3 | T–4th |  |
| 1986 | William Paterson | 6–3–1 | 3–2–1 | 3rd |  |
| 1987 | William Paterson | 7–3 | 4–2 | T–3rd |  |
| 1988 | William Paterson | 3–7 | 2–4 | T–5th |  |
| **William Paterson:** | | 31–38–1 | 18–23–1 |  | | | | |
| **Methodist Monarchs** *(NCAA Division III independent)* (1989–1991) | | | | | | | | |
| 1989 | Methodist | 0–10 |  |  |  |
| 1990 | Methodist | 0–10 |  |  |  |
| 1991 | Methodist | 2–8 |  |  |  |
| **Methodist:** | | 0–18 |  |  | | | | |
| **Total:** | | 33–66–1 |  | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

John Crea
| Biographical details | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1951-09-27) September 27, 1951 |
| Coaching career (HC unless noted) | |
| 1982–1988 | William Paterson |
| 1989–1991 | Methodist |
|  | |
| Administrative career (AD unless noted) | |
| 1992–2001 | New York Giants (scout) |
| 2001–2005 | Miami Dolphins (scout) |
|  | |
| Head coaching record | |
| Overall | 33–66–1 |
|  | |


title: Sander Groen

abstract: Sander Groen is a former professional tennis player from the Netherlands. Groen enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career he won 1 ATP doubles title and 12 Challenger doubles titles. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 61 in 1997 and a career-high singles ranking of World No. 177 in 1996. Groen is known for being the doubles partner of many top-5 singles players like Pat Cash, Goran Ivanišević, Gustavo Kuerten, Marcelo Ríos, Marat Safin, Magnus Norman, Greg Rusedski, Alex Corretja, Marc Rosset and Roger Federer. Federer won his first-ever professional title on the tour playing together with Groen in Segovia 1999. Groen recorded doubles wins over Federer, Safin, Rios, Patrick Rafter and world number 1 teams Eltingh/ Haarhuis, Bhupathi/ Paes and Knowles/ Nestor In singles Groen qualified for 9 ATP Tour events reaching the second round in 3 events and he recorded wins over Tim Henman, Richard Krajicek Felix Mantilla and Andrei Chesnokov. He won the dutch national masters in 1992 beating Fernon Wibier in the finals and was runner-up to Jan Siemerink in 1994. In 2004 Sander Groen made his mark on the ITF senior tour by winning the men's singles over 35 world championships followed by finishing runner-up in 2005 and 2006. He also won the men's singles over 35 European championships in 2005. Up to 2016 Groen won 11 medals at ITF seniors world championships.

text:
# Sander Groen

**Sander Groen** (born 16 June 1968) is a former professional tennis player from the Netherlands.

Groen enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career he won 1 ATP doubles title and 12 Challenger doubles titles. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 61 in 1997 and a career-high singles ranking of World No. 177 in 1996.

Groen is known for being the doubles partner of many top-5 singles players like Pat Cash, Goran Ivanišević, Gustavo Kuerten, Marcelo Ríos, Marat Safin, Magnus Norman, Greg Rusedski, Alex Corretja, Marc Rosset and Roger Federer. Federer won his first-ever professional title on the tour playing together with Groen in Segovia 1999. Groen recorded doubles wins over Federer, Safin, Rios, Patrick Rafter and world number 1 teams Eltingh/ Haarhuis (with Fredrik Bergh), Bhupathi/ Paes (with Jan Siemerink and with Andrei Pavel) and Knowles/ Nestor (with Laurence Tieleman) In singles Groen qualified for 9 ATP Tour events reaching the second round in 3 events and he recorded wins over Tim Henman, Richard Krajicek Felix Mantilla and Andrei Chesnokov. He won the dutch national masters in 1992 beating Fernon Wibier in the finals and was runner-up to Jan Siemerink in 1994.

In 2004 Sander Groen made his mark on the ITF senior tour by winning the men's singles over 35 world championships followed by finishing runner-up in 2005 and 2006. He also won the men's singles over 35 European championships in 2005. Up to 2016 Groen won 11 medals at ITF seniors world championships.

## Doubles titles (13)

| Legend (singles) |
| --- |
| Grand Slam (0) |
| Tennis Masters Cup (0) |
| ATP Masters Series (0) |
| ATP Tour (1) |
| Challengers (12) |

| No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| 1. | 1991 | Cherbourg, France | Hard (i) | Byron Talbot | Michael Daniel
Brian Devening | 3–6, 6–3, 7–5 |
| 2. | 1992 | Meran, Italy | Clay | David Prinosil | Lionel Barthez
Aloïs Beust | 6–4, 6–4 |
| 3. | 1992 | Dublin, Ireland | Hard | Arne Thoms | Douglas Geiwald
Robbie Koenig | 5–7, 6–4, 6–3 |
| 4. | 1992 | Munich, Germany | Carpet | Arne Thoms | Marcos Ondruska
Grant Stafford | 6–4, 7–6 |
| 5. | 1993 | Munich, Germany | Carpet | Arne Thoms | Jon Ireland
John Yancey | 6–3, 6–3 |
| 6. | 1994 | Singapore | Hard | Brian Devening | Leonardo Lavalle
Danilo Marcelino | 6–2, 7–6 |
| 7. | 1997 | Dubai, UAE | Hard | Goran Ivanišević | Sandon Stolle
Cyril Suk | 7–6, 6–3 |
| 8. | 1998 | Dresden, Germany | Clay | Pablo Albano | Jamie Holmes
Andrew Painter | 6–4, 6–3 |
| 9. | 1998 | Guadalajara, Mexico | Clay | Ali Hamadeh | Martín García
Sebastián Prieto | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 10. | 1999 | Segovia, Spain | Clay | Roger Federer | Ota Fukárek
Alejandro Hernández | 6–4, 7–6 |
| 11. | 2000 | Aachen, Germany | Carpet | Jan Siemerink | Michael Kohlmann
Franz Stauder | 6–7, 7–6, 6–3 |
| 12. | 2001 | Heilbronn, Germany | Carpet | Jack Waite | Petr Luxa
David Škoch | 1–6, 6–3, 7–6 |
| 13. | 2001 | Prostějov, Czech Republic | Clay | Andrea Gaudenzi | Devin Bowen
Mariano Hood | 7–6, 6–4 |

### Runners-up (15)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| 1. | 1992 | Heilbronn, Germany | Carpet | Tomas Nydahl | Doug Eisenman
Bent-Ove Pedersen | 1–6, 3–6 |
| 2. | 1992 | Umag, Croatia | Clay | Lars Koslowski | David Prinosil
Richard Vogel | 3–6, 7–6, 6–7 |
| 3. | 1992 | Singapore | Hard | Patrick Baur | Martin Blackman
Laurence Tieleman | 4–6, 6–1, 6–7 |
| 4. | 1993 | Bergamo, Italy | Hard (i) | Arne Thoms | Cristian Brandi
Cristiano Caratti | 6–4, 4–6, 1–6 |
| 5. | 1993 | Riemerling, Germany | Clay | Arne Thoms | Maurice Ruah
Mario Tabares | 3–6, 3–6 |
| 6. | 1993 | Singapore | Hard | Grant Stafford | Jeremy Bates
Christo van Rensburg | 3–6, 4–6 |
| 7. | 1995 | Bristol, England | Grass | Arne Thoms | Lionel Barthez
Stephane Simian | 5–7, 5–7 |
| 8. | 1996 | Madras, India | Hard | Oleg Ogorodov | Mahesh Bhupathi
Leander Paes | 5–7, 1–6 |
| 9. | 1996 | Mauritius Island | Grass | Andrei Pavel | Patrick Baur
Joost Winnink | 1–0, RET. |
| 10. | 1997 | Eilat, Israel | Hard (i) | Rogier Wassen | Patrick Baur
Andrei Cherkasov | 3–6, 6–7 |
| 11. | 1998 | Venice, Italy | Clay | Massimo Bertolini | Nebojsa Djordjevic
Marcos Ondruska | 6–1, 1–6, 2–6 |
| 12. | 2001 | Istanbul, Turkey | Hard | Michael Kohlmann | Jonathan Erlich
Michaël Llodra | W/O |
| 13. | 2002 | Segovia, Spain | Hard | Karol Beck | Tim Crichton
Todd Perry | 7–5, 6–7, 4–6 |
| 14. | 2006 | Eckental, Germany | Carpet | Torsten Popp | Joshua Goodall
Ross Hutchins | 5–7, 3–6 |
| 15. | 2007 | Heilbronn, Germany | Hard (i) | Michaël Llodra | Michael Kohlmann
Rainer Schüttler | W/O |

## InfoBox

Sander Groen
| Country (sports) | Netherlands |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1968-06-16) 16 June 1968
Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Height | 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in) |
| Turned pro | 1989 |
| Retired | 2019 (last match) |
| Plays | Left-handed |
| Prize money | $ 503,164 |
| Singles | |
| Career record | 3–9 |
| Career titles | 0 |
| Highest ranking | No. 177 (4 March 1996) |
| Grand Slam singles results | |
| French Open | Q3 (1991) |
| Wimbledon | Q3 (1990) |
| Doubles | |
| Career record | 47–98 |
| Career titles | 1 |
| Highest ranking | No. 61 (20 October 1997) |
| Grand Slam doubles results | |
| Australian Open | 1R (1998, 1999, 2001) |
| French Open | 3R (1997) |
| Wimbledon | 3R (1997) |
| US Open | 1R (1993, 1997) |
| Mixed doubles | |
| Career record | 0–2 |
| Career titles | 0 |
| Grand Slam mixed doubles results | |
| French Open | 1R (1997) |
| Wimbledon | 1R (1997) |


title: Stonemason's hammer

abstract: A stonemason's hammer, also known as a brick hammer, has one flat traditional face and a short or long chisel-shaped blade. It can thus be used to chip off edges or small pieces of stone, cut brick or a concrete masonry unit, without using a separate chisel. The chisel blade can also be used to rapidly cut bricks or cinder blocks. This type of hammer is also used by geologists when collecting rock and mineral samples and is one of several types of geologist's hammer.

text:
# Stonemason's hammer

A **stonemason's hammer**, also known as a **brick hammer**, has one flat traditional face and a short or long chisel-shaped blade. It can thus be used to chip off edges or small pieces of stone, cut brick or a concrete masonry unit, without using a separate chisel. The chisel blade can also be used to rapidly cut bricks or cinder blocks. This type of hammer is also used by geologists when collecting rock and mineral samples and is one of several types of geologist's hammer.


abstract: Trinidad and Tobago competed in the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland from 23 July to 3 August 2014. With the exception of the athletics squad, which was to be announced at a later date, the Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee revealed that they had selected a team of 84 athletes across 13 sports. On 29 June a track and field squad of 43 was named completing a team of 127 athletes.

text:
# Trinidad and Tobago at the 2014 Commonwealth Games

**Trinidad and Tobago** competed in the **2014 Commonwealth Games** in Glasgow, Scotland from 23 July to 3 August 2014. With the exception of the athletics squad, which was to be announced at a later date, the Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee revealed that they had selected a team of 84 athletes across 13 sports. On 29 June a track and field squad of 43 was named completing a team of 127 athletes.

## Athletics

On 29 June, the Trinidad and Tobago Commonwealth Games Association and the Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee announced their track and field team.

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Round 1 | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Keston Bledman | 100 m | 10.16 | 1 **Q** | 10.24 | 3 | did not advance | |
| Darrel Brown | | did not start | | did not advance | | | |
| Richard Thompson | | 10.33 | 3 **q** | 10.19 | 3 | did not advance | |
| Kyle Greaux | 200 m | 20.79 | 3 **q** | 20.93 | 7 | did not advance | |
| Jereem Richards | | 21.13 | 3 | did not advance | | | |
| Rondel Sorrillo | | 20.98 | 3 **q** | 20.57 | 3 | did not advance | |
| Lalonde Gordon | 400 m | 45.84 | 2 **Q** | 45.37 | 1 **Q** | 44.78 **SB** |  |
| Renny Quow | | 45.86 | 1 **Q** | 45.47 | 3 **q** | did not finish | |
| Jarrin Solomon | | 45.69 | 1 **Q** | 45.49 | 2 **Q** | 45.82 | 6 |
| Kendis Bullard | 800 m | 1:51.57 | 6 | did not advance | | | |
| Jamaal James | | 1:51.62 | 4 | did not advance | | | |
| Durell Busby | 110 metres hurdles | did not start | |  | | did not advance | |
| Wayne Davis | | did not start | |  | | did not advance | |
| Mikel Thomas | | 13.86 | 4 |  | | did not advance | |
| Jehue Gordon | 400 metres hurdles | 49.42 | 1 **Q** |  | | 48.75 **SB** |  |
| Emanuel Mayers | | 50.51 | 5 |  | | did not advance | |
| Keston Bledman
Marc Burns
Rondel Sorrillo
Richard Thompson | 4 x 100 metres relay | 38.33 | 1 **Q** |  | | 38.10 |  |
| Lalonde Gordon
Jarrin Solomon
Jehue Gordon (Heat Only)
Zwede Hewitt
Renny Quow (Final Only) | 4 x 400 metres relay | 3:04.06 | 1 **Q** |  | | 3:01.51 |  |

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Distance | Rank | Distance | Rank |
| Kyron Blaise | Long jump | No Mark | | did not advance | |
| Robert Collingwood | Shot put | 17.83 | 13 | did not advance | |
| Keshorn Walcott | Javelin throw | 85.28 **NR** | 1 **Q** | 82.67 |  |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Round 1 | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Michelle-Lee Ahye | 100 m | 11.52 | 2 **Q** | did not start | | did not advance | |
| Kamaria Durant | | 11.80 | 4 **q** | 11.70 | 8 | did not advance | |
| Kai Selvon | | 11.66 | 4 **q** | 11.59 | 6 | did not advance | |
| Reyare Thomas | 200 m | 23.25 **SB** | 3 **Q** | 23.35 | 3 | did not advance | |
| Shawna Fermin | 400 m | 54.10 | 5 **q** | 53.83 **SB** | 7 | did not advance | |
| Romona Modeste | | 55.16 | 6 | did not advance | | | |
| Domonique Williams | | 54.43 | 3 **Q** | 54.63 | 8 | did not advance | |
| Aleena Brooks | 800 m | 2.06.33 | 6 | did not advance | | | |
| Tonya Nero | 10,000 metres |  | | | | 35:48.63 **SB** | 12 |
| Deborah John | 100 metres hurdles | 13.63 | 5 |  | | did not advance | |
| Josanne Lucas | | 13.38 | 2 **Q** |  | | 13.41 | 7 |
| Janeil Bellille | 400 metres hurdles | 57.51 | 4 |  | | did not advance | |
| Josanne Lucas | | **DQ** | |  | | did not advance | |
| Deborah John
Rayare Thomas
Lisa Wickham
Kamaria Durant | 4 x 100 metres relay | 44.47 | 3 **Q** |  | | 44.78 | 8 |
| Shawna Fermin
Domonique Williams
Janeil Bellille
Romona Modeste | 4 x 400 metres relay | 3:33.26 | 3 **Q** |  | | 3:33.50 | 6 |

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Ayanna Alexander | Long jump | 5.77 | 23 | did not advance | |
| | Triple jump | 13.78 | 2 **Q** | 14.01 |  |
| Deandra Daniel | High jump | 1.76 | 17 | did not advance | |
| Annie Alexander | Shot put |  | | No Mark | |
| Cleopatra Borel | |  | | 18.57 |  |
| Annie Alexander | Discus throw | 47.73 | 15 | did not advance | |

## Boxing

## Cycling

### Track

Sprint

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | | Round 1 | Repechage | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time
Speed (km/h) | Rank | Opposition
Time
Speed (km/h) | Opposition
Time
Speed (km/h) | Opposition
Time | Opposition
Time | Opposition
Time | Rank |
| Quincy Alexander | Men's sprint | 10.774
66.827 | 21 | did not advance | | | | | |
| Njisane Phillip | | 10.188
70.671 | 9 **Q** | P Lewis (AUS)
**L** | M Crampton (TRI)
P Hindes (ENG)
**L** | did not advance | | | |

Time trial

| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quincy Alexander | Men's time trial | 1:03.679 | 10 |

Keirin

| Athlete | Event | Round 1 | Repechage | Semifinals | Final |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Rank | Rank | Rank | Rank |
| Quincy Alexander | Men's keirin | 6 **R** | 4 | did not advance | |
| Njisane Phillip | | did not start | | | |

## Field hockey

### Men's tournament

Pool B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| New Zealand | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 3 | +16 | 12 | Semi-finals |
| England | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 5 | +13 | | 9 |
| Canada | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 4 | 3 |  |
| Malaysia | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 18 | 12 | | 3 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 19 | 13 | | 3 |

Source: FIH

| England  6–1  Trinidad and Tobago  Jackson  7'
Lewers  25'
Gleghorne  27'
Catlin  51'
Roper  59'
Middleton  64' Report Pierre  29' |
| --- |

---

| New Zealand  8–0  Trinidad and Tobago  Burrows  7'
Haig  24', 34'
Neal  30', 68'
S. Child  40'
Inglis  54'
A. Shaw  59' Report |
| --- |

---

| Canada  3–1  Trinidad and Tobago  Tupper  28'
Pearson  44'
Jameson  60' Report Browne  57' |
| --- |

---

| Trinidad and Tobago  4–2  Malaysia  Pierre  8'
Browne  12', 16', 35+' Report Sumantri  25'
Rosli  70' |
| --- |

### Women's tournament

Pool A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| New Zealand | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 1 | +24 | 12 | Semi-finals |
| South Africa | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 4 | +18 | | 9 |
| India | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 8 | +12 | 6 |  |
| Canada | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 13 | 7 | | 3 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 48 | 47 | | 0 |

Source:

| South Africa  16–0  Trinidad and Tobago  Russell  8', 59'
Chamberlain  9', 30', 51', 55'
Damons  14', 41'
Evans  15', 36', 52'
Deetlefs  23'
Bright  34', 69'
Taylor  57', 64' Report |
| --- |

---

| New Zealand  14–0  Trinidad and Tobago  Punt  3', 39'
Naylor  5'
Forgesson  5', 37', 49', 50'
Keddell  8'
Cocks  15'
Glynn  27', 42', 67'
Whitelock  35'
Webster  52' Report |
| --- |

---

| Canada  4–1  Trinidad and Tobago  Stewart  28'
Stairs  34'
Gillis  56'
Johansen  70' Report Govia  67' |
| --- |

---

| Trinidad and Tobago  0–14  India  Report Katariya  4'
Thakur  11', 27', 64'
Rampal  12', 19', 25'
Kaur  18', 41', 48'
Rani  22'
Thokchom  31'
Barla  53'
Arya  68' |
| --- |

## Gymnastics

| Athlete | Event | Final | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Apparatus | | | | | | Total | Rank |
| | | F | PH | R | V | | | PB | HB |
| William Albert | Individual | 10.700 | 8.566 | 13.866 | 13.566 | 11.700 | 11.933 | 70.331 | 24 |

## Judo

| Athlete | Event | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Repechage | Final / BM | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Rank |
| Christopher George | −100 kg |  | Hussain Shah (PAK)
**L** 0000-1001 | did not advance | | | | | |

## Netball

Pool B

| Team | Pld | W | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Australia | 5 | 5 | 0 | 322 | 185 | +137 | 10 | Semi-finals |
| England | 5 | 4 | 1 | 293 | 160 | +133 | | 8 |
| South Africa | 5 | 3 | 2 | 249 | 222 | +27 | 6 |  |
| Wales | 5 | 2 | 3 | 199 | 255 | 56 | | 4 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 5 | 1 | 4 | 167 | 282 | 115 | | 2 |
| Barbados | 5 | 0 | 5 | 162 | 288 | 126 | | 0 |

Source: glasgow2014.com

| 24 July 2014
17:00
 | Report | **Trinidad and Tobago** | **38 – 37** | **Barbados** |  | SECC Precinct
**Umpires:**
Jonathan Bredin (NZL)
Michelle Phippard (AUS)
**Reserve umpire:**
Theresa Prince (RSA) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Barker  4/5 (80%)
Cooper  16/21 (76%)
McCollin  18/21 (86%) |  | Browne  8/8 (100%)
Piggott  7/11 (64%)
Thomas  19/26 (73%)
Wharton  3/6 (50%) | | |

---

| 25 July 2014
15:00
 | Report | **South Africa** | **56 – 40** | **Trinidad and Tobago** |  | SECC Precinct
**Umpires:**
Gary Burgess (ENG)
Rachael Ayre (AUS)
**Reserve umpire:**
Jonathan Bredin (NZL) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Bootha  8/10 (80%)
Holtzhausen  8/10 (80%)
Myburgh  14/20 (70%)
Potgieter  26/31 (84%) |  | Cooper  15/17 (88%)
McCollin  10/11 (91%)
Wilson  15/17 (88%) | | |

---

| 26 July 2014
19:00
 | Report | **Wales** | **56 – 31** | **Trinidad and Tobago** |  | SECC Precinct
**Umpires:**
Tracy Smith (ENG)
Clare McCabe (AUS)
**Reserve umpire:**
Ian Fuller (ENG) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | James  12/19 (63%)
Lewis  31/40 (78%)
Moseley  7/9 (78%) |  | Barker  1/2 (50%)
Cooper  5/7 (71%)
McCollin  13/15 (87%)
Wilson  12/19 (63%) | | |

---

| 28 July 2014
11:30
 | Report | **Trinidad and Tobago** | **34 – 69** | **Australia** |  | SECC Precinct
**Umpires:**
Tracy Smith (ENG)
Yvonne Morgan (NZL)
**Reserve umpire:**
Ian Fuller (ENG) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Cooper  15/24 (63%)
McCollin  10/15 (67%)
Wilson  9/13 (69%) |  | Bassett  21/23 (91%)
Caldwell  17/20 (85%)
Medhurst  10/14 (71%)
Thwaits  21/23 (91%) | | |

---

| 29 July 2014
09:30
 | Report | **England** | **70 – 24** | **Trinidad and Tobago** |  | SECC Precinct
**Umpires:**
Marie-Louw Van Der Merve (RSA)
Clare McCabe (AUS)
**Reserve umpire:**
Yvonne Morgan (NZL) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Corbin  16/19 (84%)
Dunn  8/10 (80%)
Harten  35/43 (81%)
Housby  11/12 (92%) |  | Cooper  13/16 (81%)
McCollin  4/6 (67%)
Wilson  7/11 (64%) | | |

## Rugby sevens

Trinidad and Tobago has qualified a rugby sevens team.

Pool B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| South Africa | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 106 | 0 | +106 | 9 | Medal competition |
| Kenya | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 63 | 25 | +38 | | 7 |
| Cook Islands | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 33 | 88 | 55 | 5 | Bowl competition |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 15 | 104 | 89 | | 3 |

Source:

| South Africa | 36–0 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

---

| Cook Islands | 33–10 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

---

| Kenya | 35–5 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

## Shooting

## Squash

## Swimming

Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| George Bovell | 50 m freestyle | 22.37 | 5 **Q** | 22.22 | 4 **Q** | 22.31 | 5 |
| Dylan Carter | 100 m freestyle | 49.72 | 5 **Q** | 49.50 | 6 **Q** | 49.56 | 5 |
| Dylan Carter | 200 m freestyle | 1:50.09 | 13 |  | | did not advance | |
| Dylan Carter | 400 m freestyle | 3:58.41 | 18 |  | | did not advance | |
| George Bovell | 50 m backstroke | 25.50 | 6 **Q** | 25.39 | 8 **Q** | Withdrew | |
| Dylan Carter | 100 m butterfly | 54.21 | 14 **Q** | 54.45 | 16 | did not advance | |

## Table tennis

## Triathlon

| Athlete | Event | Swim (1.5 km) | Bike (40 km) | Run (10 km) | Total Time | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| David Cottle | Men's | 25:07 | Lapped | | | |

## InfoBox

| Trinidad and Tobago at the
2014 Commonwealth Games | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| CGF code | TTO |
| CGA | Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee |
| Website | ttoc.org |
| in Glasgow, Scotland | |
| Flag bearer | Keshorn Walcott |
| Medals
Ranked 22nd | Gold 0 Silver 3 Bronze 5 Total 8 |
| Commonwealth Games appearances (overview) | |
|  | |


title: FeONIC

abstract: Feonic is a commercial company specialising in the design and development of magnetostrictive audio products.

text:
# FeONIC

**Feonic** is a commercial company specialising in the design and development of magnetostrictive audio products.

## Products

The products use a responsive material that changes shape in a magnetic field. This material was developed for sonar devices by the US Navy but is now commercially available. The products developed by Feonic use the force created by the change in shape of this smart material to vibrate structures such as floors, windows, walls, and the acoustically conductive structures of ships to produce sound.

The company's first consumer product, the SoundBug, led to the successful roll out of the Whispering Window, enabling shop windows to produce sound.

The company has developed a new range of “F Drives” to create flat panel speakers with various applications in the transport, pro-audio, domestic, consumer and commercial markets.

The company markets their products for use in a wide range of environments including train stations, shops, homes, and on boats. Alleged advantages over standalone speakers are described by customers as the systems' efficiency, ability to be integrated into structures and products, resistance to damage, and clarity.

### Vibration Energy Harvesting

Utilising experience from audio, Feonic are developing a vibration energy harvesting device. The energy harvested is used for wireless sending of data - saving wiring and replacement of batteries. Primary market being wheel bearings for locomotives. The Solar Impulse Foundation added Feonic to their list of 1000+ Solutions for a Qualitative Economy.

## History

The timeline below summarises how Feonic has developed:

* 1999 Newlands Scientific plc was incorporated to provide research, development and consultancy services in magneto strictive devices and exploit the possibilities of Terfenol-D.
* 2000 Brian Smith was appointed as Managing Director and the product development process began.
* 2002 Soundbug launched at CeBit (the world’s largest technology trade show) and Feonic technology trademarked.
* 2003 Newlands Scientific develops Whispering Window and launches Presenter. Soundbug wins Red Dot design award.
* 2004 Newlands Scientific becomes Feonic plc and wins UK electronics industry design award for best use of technology.
* 2008 New generation F-Drive products are launched and Feonic Transport formed as a joint venture.
* 2019 Feonic Vibration Energy Harvester selected by Solar Impulse Foundation

## InfoBox

Feonic Technology Ltd
| Industry | Consumer electronics |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1999 |
| Headquarters | Hull, England |
| Key people | Brian Smith (CEO) |
| Products | Hi-Fi Public Address Home cinema Loudspeakers Energy Harvesting |
| Website | www.feonic.com |


title: Borecznia Wielka

abstract: Borecznia Wielka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiek Mały, within Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Osiek Mały, 12 km (7 mi) north of Koło, and 119 km (74 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.

text:
# Borecznia Wielka

**Borecznia Wielka** \[bɔˈrɛt͡ʂɲa ˈvjɛlka\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiek Mały, within Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Osiek Mały, 12 km (7 mi) north of Koło, and 119 km (74 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.

## InfoBox

| Borecznia Wielka | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Borecznia Wielka | |
| Coordinates: 52°18′N 18°39′E / 52.300°N 18.650°E / 52.300; 18.650 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Koło |
| Gmina | Osiek Mały |


title: Salvador (band)

abstract: Salvador is a Christian band. The band began with brothers Nic and Josh Gonzales as part of the worship band in their home church located in north east Austin, Texas, King of Glory church. They sing in both English and Spanish. The name Salvador is the Spanish word of "Savior", referring to Jesus Christ himself.

text:
# Salvador (band)

**Salvador** is a Christian band. The band began with brothers Nic and Josh Gonzales as part of the worship band in their home church located in north east Austin, Texas, King of Glory church. They sing in both English and Spanish. The name Salvador is the Spanish word of "Savior", referring to Jesus Christ himself.

## Members

### Current members

* Nic Gonzales – lead vocals, guitars
* Chris Bevins – keyboards, backing vocals
* Josh Gonzales – bass, backing vocals
* Ben Cordonero – drums, percussion, backing vocals
* Robert Vilera – percussion
* Edwin Santiago – trumpet, flugelhorn

### Former members

* Adrian Lopez – keyboards, backing vocals
* Art "Pescueeetz" Gonzales – drums
* Eliot Torres – percussion, backing vocals
* Pablo Gabaldon – trumpet, flugelhorn
* Billy Griego – trombone
* Damian Martin – guitars
* Roberto Acuña – drums
* Chamo Lopez – percussion
* Joel Cavazos – guitars
* Joseph Cavazos
* Jared Solis – saxophones, trombone
* John Morales
* Jonathan Rangel
* Mike Montañez

## Discography

### Studio albums

List of albums, with selected chart positions, sales and certifications
| Title | Details | Peak positions | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | US Christ.
 | US Trop.
 |
| *Salvador* |  |  | 31 |  |
| *Into Motion* |  | 198 | 10 |  |
| *Con Poder* |  |  |  | 7 |
| *Worship Live* |  |  |  |  |
| *So Natural* |  |  | 26 |  |
| *Que Tan Lejos Esta Cielo* |  |  |  | 12 |
| *Dismiss the Mystery* |  |  | 25 |  |
| *Aware* |  |  | 38 |  |
| *How Far Is Heaven: The Best of Salvador* |  |  |  |  |
| *Make Some Noise* |  |  |  |  |
| *Hope Was Born* |  |  |  |  |
|

### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
| Year | Title | Peak positions | | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US Christ.
 | US Christ. AC
 | |
| 2004 | "Heaven" | 2 | 2 | *So Natural* |
| 2005 | "You Are There" | 27 | | 23 |
| 2006 | "Shine" | 2 | 2 | *Dismiss the Mystery* |
| 2007 | "Waterfall" |  | |  |
| 2008 | "Aware" |  | 24 | *Aware* |
| 2009 | "What Would It Be Like" |  | |  |

## Awards

### 2004

### 2008

On the heels of their new album release *AWARE*, the band along with TobyMac, Third Day, Kelly Clarkson and others performed at the Papal Youth Rally on April 19, 2008 in Yonkers, New York.

## Style

Over time the sound has changed from pure Latin funk to more mainstream contemporary and at times a heavier sounds of rock and occasionally the extreme sound of heavy metal riffing in later years. During live shows, Salvador tries to stay with their pure up-tempo Latin sound, while inserting a few more contemporary fan favorites. The band has evolved over the years using a variety of different members to accompany the different range of music and direction the band has taken, such as Latin funk, contemporary, Rock and Roll, and hard rock.

In 1998, the band contributed to the AIDS benefit compilation album *Onda Sonora: Red Hot + Lisbon* produced by the Red Hot Organization.

## InfoBox

| Salvador | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Austin, Texas |
| Genres | Contemporary Christian music, Latin rock, Christian rock |
| Years active | 1999–present |
| Labels | Word/Warner Bros., Inpop |
|  | |
| Members | Nic Gonzales
Josh Gonzales
Chris Bevins
Edwin Santiago
Robert Vilera
Ben Cordonero |
|  | |
| Past members | Adrian Lopez
Art Gonzales
Eliot Torres
Pablo Gabaldon
Billy Griego
Damian Martin
Robert Acuna
Chamo Lopez
Joel Cavazos
Joseph Cavazos
Jared Solis
Jonathan Rangel |
|  | |
| Website | www.salvadorlive.com |


abstract: The Women's 100 metre freestyle S11 event at the 2020 Paralympic Games took place on 3 September 2021, at the Tokyo Aquatics Centre.

text:
# Swimming at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's 100 metre freestyle S11

The **Women's 100 metre freestyle S11** event at the 2020 Paralympic Games took place on 3 September 2021, at the Tokyo Aquatics Centre.

## Heats

The swimmers with the top eight times, regardless of heat, advanced to the final.

| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 | 5 | Li Guizhi | China | 1:05.92 | Q, **PR** |
| 2 | 2 | 4 | Liesette Bruinsma | Netherlands | 1:07.69 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | 4 | Anastasia Pagonis | United States | 1:08.92 | Q |
| 4 | 2 | 3 | Cai Liwen | China | 1:10.74 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | 6 | Anastasiia Shevchenko | RPC | 1:10.94 | Q |
| 6 | 2 | 6 | Sofiia Polikarpova | RPC | 1:12.46 | Q |
| 7 | 2 | 5 | Maryna Piddubna | Ukraine | 1:12.72 | Q |
| 8 | 2 | 7 | Tomomi Ishiura | Japan | 1:13.76 | Q |
| 9 | 1 | 2 | Kateryna Tkachuk | Ukraine | 1:14.71 |  |
| 10 | 1 | 3 | Ma Jia | China | 1:15.25 |  |
| 11 | 1 | 7 | Tatiana Blattnerová | Slovakia | 1:17.14 |  |
| 12 | 2 | 2 | Chikako Ono | Japan | 1:19.82 |  |

## Final

| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
100m freestyle final
|  | 4 | Li Guizhi | China | 1:05.87 | **PR** |
|  | 5 | Liesette Bruinsma | Netherlands | 1:06.55 |  |
|  | 6 | Cai Liwen | China | 1:06.56 |  |
| 4 | 3 | Anastasia Pagonis | United States | 1:06.65 |  |
| 5 | 2 | Anastasiia Shevchenko | RPC | 1:10.22 |  |
| 6 | 1 | Maryna Piddubna | Ukraine | 1:10.27 |  |
| 7 | 7 | Sofiia Polikarpova | RPC | 1:11.52 |  |
| 8 | 8 | Tomomi Ishiura | Japan | 1:13.80 |  |

## InfoBox

| Women's 100 metre freestyle S11<br>at the XVI Paralympic Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Tokyo Aquatics Centre |
| Dates | 3 September 2021 |
| Competitors | 12 from 7 nations |
| Medalists | |
| Li Guizhi  China  Liesette Bruinsma  Netherlands  Cai Liwen  China | |
|


title: Candidae

abstract: Candidae is a family of gymnolaematan bryozoans.

text:
# Candidae

**Candidae** is a family of gymnolaematan bryozoans (sea mats).

## Genera

## Further reading

* Badve, R. M., and M. A. Sonar. "Some fossil neocheilostomine bryozoans from the Holocene of the west coast of Maharashtra and Goa, India." Jour. Palaeontol. Soc. India 42 (1997): 35–48.
* GORDON, Dennis. "Bryozoa of New Caledonia." Compendium of marine species of New Caledonia. Documents scientifiques et techniques (2006): 157–168.
* Vieira, Leandro M., et al. "Evidence for polyphyly of the genus Scrupocellaria (Bryozoa: Candidae) based on a phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters." PLoS ONE 9.4 (2014): e95296.
* Vieira, Leandro M., et al. "Evidence for polyphyly of the genus Scrupocellaria (Bryozoa: Candidae) based on a phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters." PLoS ONE 9.4 (2014): e95296.

## InfoBox

| Candidae | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Scrupocellaria reptans* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Bryozoa |
| Class: | Gymnolaemata |
| Order: | Cheilostomatida |
| Suborder: | Flustrina |
| Family: | Candidae<br>d'Orbigny, 1851 |
|
| Genera | |
| See text | |


abstract: Etobicoke Centre is a provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It elects one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. It was created in 1999 from parts of Etobicoke West and Etobicoke—Humber. When the riding was created, it included all of Etobicoke south of a line following the 401 to Dixon Road to Royal York Road to La Rose Avenue and north of a line following Dundas Street to the 427 to Burnhamthorpe Road to Kipling Avenue to Mimico Creek to the Canadian Pacific Railway to Dundas Street. In 2007, the northern border was altered to follow Dixon Road all the way to Humber River.

text:
# Etobicoke Centre (provincial electoral district)

**Etobicoke Centre** is a provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It elects one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario.

It was created in 1999 from parts of Etobicoke West and Etobicoke—Humber.

When the riding was created, it included all of Etobicoke south of a line following the 401 to Dixon Road to Royal York Road to La Rose Avenue and north of a line following Dundas Street to the 427 to Burnhamthorpe Road to Kipling Avenue to Mimico Creek to the Canadian Pacific Railway to Dundas Street.

In 2007, the northern border was altered to follow Dixon Road all the way to Humber River.

## Members of Provincial Parliament

| Etobicoke Centre | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Assembly | Years | Member | | Party |
| ***Riding created from* Etobicoke West *and* Etobicoke—Humber** | | | | |
| 37th | 1999–2003 |  | Chris Stockwell | Progressive Conservative |
| 38th | 2003–2007 |  | Donna Cansfield | Liberal |
| 39th | 2007–2011 | | | |
| 40th | 2011–2014 | | | |
| 41st | 2014–2018 | | Yvan Baker | |
| 42nd | 2018–2022 |  | Kinga Surma | Progressive Conservative |
| 43rd | 2022–present | | | |
| **Sourced from the Ontario Legislative Assembly** | | | | |

## Election results

| 2022 Ontario general election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Kinga Surma | 22,035 | 48.59 | +5.59 | $108,722 |
|  | Liberal | Noel Semple | 15,443 | 34.05 | 0.63 | $75,529 |
|  | New Democratic | Heather Vickers-Wong | 3,906 | 8.61 | 9.53 | $8,484 |
|  | Green | Brian MacLean | 2,036 | 4.49 | +2.15 | $1,932 |
|  | New Blue | Cathy Habus | 1,117 | 2.46 |  | $3,160 |
|  | Ontario Party | Mitchell Gilboy | 530 | 1.17 |  | $0 |
|  | None of the Above | Richard M. Kiernicki | 198 | 0.44 |  | $0 |
|  | Moderate | Genadij Zaitsev | 86 | 0.19 |  | $0 |
| Total valid votes/Expense limit | | | 45,351 | 99.36 | +0.36 | $131,634 |
| Total rejected, unmarked, and declined ballots | | | 294 | 0.64 | -0.36 |
| Turnout | | | 45,645 | 48.55 | -13.36 |
| Eligible voters | | | 93,012 |
|  | Progressive Conservative **hold** | | Swing | | +3.11 |
| Source(s) * "Summary of Valid Votes Cast for Each Candidate" (PDF). Elections Ontario. 2022. Archived from the original on 2023-05-18. * "Statistical Summary by Electoral District" (PDF). Elections Ontario. 2022. Archived from the original on 2023-05-21. | | | | | | |

| 2018 Ontario general election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Kinga Surma | 24,432 | 43.00 | +10.58 |
|  | Liberal | Yvan Baker | 19,708 | 34.68 | -14.02 |
|  | New Democratic | Erica Kelly | 10,311 | 18.15 | +6.63 |
|  | Green | Shawn Rizvi | 1,329 | 2.34 | -0.29 |
|  | Canadians' Choice | Paul Fromm | 631 | 1.11 |  |
|  | Libertarian | Basil Mummery | 252 | 0.44 |  |
|  | Independent | Wallace Richards | 162 | 0.29 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 56,825 | 99.00 |
| Total rejected, unmarked and declined ballots | | | 573 | 1.00 |
| Turnout | | | 57,398 | 61.91 |
| Eligible voters | | | 92,715 |
|  | Progressive Conservative **gain** from Liberal | | Swing | | +12.30 |
| Source: Elections Ontario | | | | | | |

| 2014 general election redistributed results | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Vote | % |
|  | Liberal | 22,694 | 48.70 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | 15,104 | 32.41 |
|  | New Democratic | 5,368 | 11.52 |
|  | Green | 1,223 | 2.62 |
|  | Others | 2,210 | 4.74 |

| 2014 Ontario general election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Liberal | Yvan Baker | 23,848 | 50.28 | -1.20 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Pina Martino | 15,520 | 32.72 | -0.06 |
|  | New Democratic | Chris Jones | 5,758 | 12.14 | +0.16 |
|  | Green | George Morrison | 1,254 | 2.64 | +0.67 |
|  | Libertarian | Alexander T. Bussmann | 528 | 1.11 | +0.12 |
|  | The People | John J. Martins | 193 | 0.41 |  |
|  | Freedom | Andrew Kuess | 189 | 0.40 | +0.15 |
|  | Vegan Environmental | Felicia Trigiani | 142 | 0.30 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 47,432 | 100.0 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | Swing | | -0.57 |
| Source: Elections Ontario | | | | | | |

| 2011 Ontario general election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Liberal | Donna Cansfield | 21,916 | 51.48 | +1.30 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Mary Anne DeMonte-Whelan | 13,956 | 32.78 | -1.35 |
|  | New Democratic | Ana Maria Rivero | 5,099 | 11.98 | +3.59 |
|  | Green | Cheryll San Juan | 837 | 1.97 | -5.33 |
|  | Libertarian | Alexander Bussman | 422 | 0.99 |  |
|  | Family Coalition | Liz Millican | 231 | 0.54 |  |
|  | Freedom | Marco Renda | 108 | 0.25 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 42,569 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected, unmarked and declined ballots | | | 273 | 0.64 |
| Turnout | | | 42,842 | 52.62 |
| Eligible voters | | | 81,413 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | Swing | | +1.33 |
| Source: Elections Ontario | | | | | | |

| 2007 Ontario general election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Liberal | Donna Cansfield | 22,939 | 50.07 | +0.77 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Andrew Pringle | 15,667 | 34.20 | -5.30 |
|  | New Democratic | Anita Agrawal | 3,847 | 8.40 | +0.78 |
|  | Green | Greg King | 3,357 | 7.33 | +3.75 |
| Total valid votes | | | 45,810 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected, unmarked and declined ballots | | | 367 | 0.60 |
| Turnout | | | 46,177 | 59.40 |
| Eligible voters | | | 77,733 |

| 2003 Ontario general election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
|  | Liberal | Donna Cansfield | 22,070 | 49.41 | +9.04 |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Rose Andrachuk | 17,610 | 39.43 | -14.69 |
|  | New Democratic | Margaret Anne McHugh | 3,400 | 7.61 | +4.83 |
|  | Green | Ralph M. Chapman | 1,584 | 3.55 | +2.75 |
| Total valid votes | | | 44,664 | 100.00 |

| 1999 Ontario general election | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | Progressive Conservative | Chris Stockwell | 25,518 | 54.12 |
|  | Liberal | Agnes Ugolini Potts | 19,035 | 40.37 |
|  | New Democratic | Bonte Minnema | 1,309 | 2.78 |
|  | Family Coalition | Dan Mc Cash | 389 | 0.83 |
|  | Green | Christopher J Morton | 375 | 0.80 |
|  | Natural Law | Geraldine Jackson | 316 | 0.67 |
|  | Independent | Elaine Couto | 209 | 0.44 |
| Total valid votes | | | 47,151 | 100.00 |

## 2007 electoral reform referendum

| 2007 Ontario electoral reform referendum | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Side | | Votes | % |
|  | **First Past the Post** | **28,457** | **65.3** |
|  | Mixed member proportional | 15,158 | 34.7 |
|  | Total valid votes | 43,615 | 100.0 |

43°38′53″N 79°33′28″W / 43.648°N 79.5577°W / 43.648; -79.5577

## InfoBox

Etobicoke Centre
| Ontario electoral district | |
| --- | --- |
| Location in Toronto | |
| Provincial electoral district | |
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly of Ontario |
| MPP |
     Kinga Surma
Progressive Conservative |
| District created | 1996 |
| First contested | 1999 |
| Last contested | 2018 |
| Demographics | |
| Population (2016) | 118,020 |
| Electors (2018) | 92,715 |
| Area (km²) | 37 |
| Pop. density (per km²) | 3,189.7 |
| Census division(s) | Toronto |
| Census subdivision(s) | Toronto |


title: Byalka

abstract: Byalka is a village in Kardzhali Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern Bulgaria.

text:
# Byalka

**Byalka** is a village in Kardzhali Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern Bulgaria.

## InfoBox

| Byalka Бялка | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Byalka | |
| Coordinates: 41°40′00″N 25°25′00″E / 41.6667°N 25.4167°E / 41.6667; 25.4167 | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Province | Kardzhali Province |
| Municipality | Kardzhali |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex

abstract: The Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex is a geologic complex composed chiefly of metamorphic rocks located in southern Tierra del Fuego. It has been suggested that the Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex is analogous to the Eastern Andes Metamorphic Complex. The Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex is the only metamorphic complex in the southern Andes known to have amphibolite facies rocks containing kyanite and sillimanite which evidences high-grade metamorphism. High-grade metamorphism took place during the Cretaceous purportedly in association with the closure of the Rocas Verdes Basin. The protoliths of Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex are unrelated to Tierra del Fuego Igneous and Metamorphic Complex despite present-day proximity.

text:
# Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex

The **Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex** is a geologic complex composed chiefly of metamorphic rocks located in southern Tierra del Fuego. It has been suggested that the Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex is analogous to the Eastern Andes Metamorphic Complex. The Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex is the only metamorphic complex in the southern Andes known to have amphibolite facies rocks containing kyanite and sillimanite which evidences high-grade metamorphism. High-grade metamorphism took place during the Cretaceous purportedly in association with the closure of the Rocas Verdes Basin.

The protoliths of Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex are unrelated to Tierra del Fuego Igneous and Metamorphic Complex despite present-day proximity.

## InfoBox

| Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex | |
| --- | --- |
| Stratigraphic range: Cretaceous | |
| Type | Complex |
| Underlies | Tobífera Formation |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Metasediments, metavolcanics, orthogneiss |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 54°45′S 69°30′W / 54.75°S 69.5°W / -54.75; -69.5 |
| Region | Magallanes Region, Tierra del Fuego Province (Argentina) |
| Country | Chile<br>Argentina |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Cordillera Darwin |
| Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex (Chile) | |


title: Trilegal

abstract: Trilegal is a law firm based in India. It has over 1000 lawyers across four offices in Bangalore, Mumbai, New Delhi and Gurgaon. The firm provides services in areas of real estate, infrastructure, energy, technology and IT enabled services, M&A, capital markets, private equity, capital funds, corporate and commercial disputes, intellectual property, competition law and banking. In the year 2007, Trilegal along with Linklaters advised Vodafone in relation to its multi-billion dollar acquisition of a 67% stake in Hutchison Essar Ltd., a leading telecom company in India which is still one of the biggest M&A transactions in India. In early 2008, Trilegal announced that it had entered into a non-financial relationship with Allen & Overy entailing client referrals, training, consultation and joint marketing in India, which was terminated in 2012. In September 2024, Trilegal and S&R Associates advised PN Gadgil Jewellers on its initial public offering (IPO) valued at INR 11 billion.

text:
# Trilegal

**Trilegal** (founded in 2000) is a law firm based in India. It has over 1000 lawyers across four offices in Bangalore, Mumbai, New Delhi and Gurgaon. The firm provides services in areas of real estate, infrastructure, energy, technology and IT enabled services, M&A, capital markets, private equity, capital funds, corporate and commercial disputes, intellectual property, competition law and banking.

In the year 2007, Trilegal along with Linklaters advised Vodafone in relation to its multi-billion dollar ($11.1 billion) acquisition of a 67% stake in Hutchison Essar Ltd., a leading telecom company in India which is still one of the biggest M&A transactions in India.

In early 2008, Trilegal announced that it had entered into a non-financial relationship with Allen & Overy entailing client referrals, training, consultation and joint marketing in India, which was terminated in 2012.

In September 2024, Trilegal and S&R Associates advised PN Gadgil Jewellers on its initial public offering (IPO) valued at INR 11 billion (approximately USD 132.8 million).

## InfoBox

Trilegal
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| No. of offices | 4 |
| No. of lawyers | approximately 1000 |
| Major practice areas | Full Service Law Firm |
| Date founded | 2000 (2000) |
| Company type | Partnership |
| Website | www.trilegal.com |


# Fencing at the 2014 Asian Games – Women's team sabre

The women's team sabre competition at the 2014 Asian Games in Goyang was held on 23 September at the Goyang Gymnasium.

## Schedule

All times are Korea Standard Time (UTC+09:00)

| Date | Time | Event |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tuesday, 23 September 2014 | 09:00 | Quarterfinals |
| | 10:10 | Semifinals |
| | 18:00 | Gold medal match |

## Seeding

The teams were seeded taking into account the results achieved by competitors representing each team in the individual event.

| Rank | Team | Fencer | | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | 1 | 2 | |
| 1 | South Korea (KOR) | 1 | 2 | **3** |
| 2 | China (CHN) | 3 | 3 | **6** |
| 3 | Kazakhstan (KAZ) | 5 | 7 | **12** |
| 4 | Hong Kong (HKG) | 6 | 10 | **16** |
| 5 | Vietnam (VIE) | 8 | 13 | **21** |
| 6 | Indonesia (INA) | 11 | 14 | **25** |
| 7 | Japan (JPN) | 9 |  | **26** |

## Results

|  | Quarterfinals | | |  |  | Semifinals | | |  |  | Gold medal match | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | | |  |  | 1 | **South Korea** | **45** |  |  | | | | |
|  | 5 | Vietnam | 42 |  |  | 4 | Hong Kong | 19 |  | |
|  | 4 | **Hong Kong** | **45** |  |  |  | | |  |  | 1 | **South Korea** | **45** |  |
|  | 3 | **Kazakhstan** | **45** |  |  | |  |  | 2 | China | 41 |  |
|  | 6 | Indonesia | 31 |  |  | 3 | Kazakhstan | 27 |  |  |  | | |  |
|  | 7 | Japan | 35 |  |  | 2 | **China** | **45** |  | | ||
|  | 2 | **China** | **45** |  |  | | | | | | ||

## Final standing

| Rank | Team |
| --- | --- |
|  | South Korea (KOR)
Hwang Seon-a
Kim Ji-yeon
Lee Ra-jin
Yoon Ji-su |
|  | China (CHN)
Li Fei
Qian Jiarui
Shen Chen
Yu Xinting |
|  | Hong Kong (HKG)
Au Sin Ying
Karen Chang
Jenny Ho
Lam Hin Wai |
|  | Kazakhstan (KAZ)
Diana Pamansha
Tamara Pochekutova
Tatyana Prikhodko
Yuliya Zhivitsa |
| 5 | Vietnam (VIE)
Bùi Thị Thu Hà
Nguyễn Thị Lệ Dung
Nguyễn Thị Thanh Loan
Nguyễn Thị Thủy Chung |
| 6 | Indonesia (INA)
Reni Anggraini
Diah Permatasari
Ima Sapitri |
| 7 | Japan (JPN)
Misaki Emura
Maho Hamada
Ayaka Mukae |

## InfoBox

| Women's team sabre
at the 2014 Asian Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Goyang Gymnasium |
| Date | 23 September |
| Competitors | 26 from 7 nations |
| Medalists | |
|  | |
|


title: Bord Gáis Energy

abstract: Bord Gáis Energy is a utility company that supplies gas and electricity and boiler services to customers in Ireland. Bord Gáis Energy has been in operation in some form since 1976 and supplies over 750,000 customers with energy in Ireland. Since mid-2014 Bord Gáis Energy is also part of the British Centrica plc Group. Bord Gáis Energy has offices in Dublin and Cork as well as having boiler service technicians nationwide. Bord Gáis translates as "Gas Board", although it is now a private company limited by shares and part of Centrica plc, which also owns British Gas.

text:
# Bord Gáis Energy

**Bord Gáis Energy** is a utility company that supplies gas and electricity and boiler services to customers in Ireland. Bord Gáis Energy has been in operation in some form since 1976 and supplies over 750,000 customers with energy in Ireland. Since mid-2014 Bord Gáis Energy is also part of the British Centrica plc Group. Bord Gáis Energy has offices in Dublin and Cork as well as having boiler service technicians nationwide. Bord Gáis translates as "Gas Board", although it is now a private company limited by shares and part of Centrica plc, which also owns British Gas.

## History

Beginning in the early 2000s Ireland's state owned public utilities underwent a major reform, following the creation of the Commission for Energy Regulation. This was part of an effort at both Irish and European level to open up electricity and gas markets and end national monopolies through the separation of customer supply and transmission within public utilities. Bord Gáis Éireann was therefore obliged to open up to competition and allow other firms access to their gas network. As part of this effort Bord Gáis Éireann was split into two main business streams Transmission and Distribution and Energy Supply.

The Gas Directive requires that, in the case of vertically integrated utilities such as Bord Gáis, the Transmission System Operator (TSO) and the Distribution System Operator (DSO) functions to be legally and functionally unbundled from activities not related to these functions, although a combined DSO/TSO is permissible. Therefore, a new independent subsidiary, Gaslink, has been established to fulfil the functions of the Irish TSO and DSO and will gradually take over much of the operations of gas Networks Ireland.

### Deregulation of the Irish electricity market

On 18 February 2009, Bord Gáis Energy entered the residential market, joining Airtricity and ESB Customer Supply. The market was deregulated in 2007.

### Sale of Bord Gáis Energy

A condition of the EU/IMF bailout programme for Ireland signed in 2010 required the Irish government to sell off some state-owned assets to help pay down loans and reduce Ireland's debt burden. In February 2012 the Irish government announced it would sell Bord Gáis Energy as required under the bailout terms.

In March 2014 Bord Gáis Éireann confirmed it would sell its customer supply arm Bord Gáis Energy to a consortium made up of Centrica, Brookfield Renewable Energy and iCON Infrastructure to the value of €1.1 billion. The sale involved the splitting of the group's retail unit among the three buyers. The main retail division would be bought by Centrica, while its wind assets under SWS would be acquired by Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners and iCON infrastructure acquiring Northern Ireland based Firmus Energy. Bord Gáis Éireann was subsequently renamed Ervia.

Today Bord Gáis Energy is a private limited company that is part of the Centrica Group and no longer associated in any way with Ervia or any of its subsidiaries (Irish Water or Gas Networks Ireland).

## Sponsorships

BGE has a number of sponsorship programmes including the Bord Gáis Energy Theatre, Bord Gáis Energy Book Club and Irish Book Awards, Bord Gáis Energy Student Theatre Awards and the Bord Gáis Energy GAA U21 All Ireland U21 Hurling Championship.

## Services

Bord Gáis Energy is predominantly a supply company, but also offer a range of gas boiler maintenance services to customers.

## InfoBox

Bord Gáis Energy
|
|  |
| Company type | Limited company (subsidiary of Centrica) |
| Industry | Utilities |
| Founded | 1976 (1976) |
| Area served | Ireland |
| Key people |  |
| Products |  |
| Parent |  |
| Website | Official website |


title: Bunbartha, Victoria

abstract: Bunbartha is a small town in Victoria, Australia. It is located in the City of Greater Shepparton. At the 2021 census, Bunbartha had a population of 313.

text:
# Bunbartha, Victoria

**Bunbartha** is a small town in Victoria, Australia. It is located in the City of Greater Shepparton. At the 2021 census, Bunbartha had a population of 313.

## Bunbartha Football Club

Bunbartha FC played in the Goulburn Valley Football Association in 1910 and 1911 and between 1919 and 1921.

## InfoBox

| Bunbartha<br>Victoria | |
| --- | --- |
| Bunbartha | |
| Coordinates | 36°12′28″S 145°19′54″E / 36.20778°S 145.33167°E / -36.20778; 145.33167 |
| Population | 313 (2021 census) |
| Postcode(s) | 3617 |
| LGA(s) | City of Greater Shepparton |
| State electorate(s) | Shepparton |
| Federal division(s) | Nicholls |


abstract: The Women's 200 metre freestyle swimming events for the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place at the Tokyo Aquatics Centre from August 25 to August 27, 2021. A total of 2 events were contested over this distance.

text:
# Swimming at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's 200 metre freestyle

The **Women's 200 metre freestyle** swimming events for the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place at the Tokyo Aquatics Centre from August 25 to August 27, 2021. A total of 2 events were contested over this distance.

## Schedule

| H | Heats | ½ | Semifinals | F | Final |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|

|
|  |
| Date | Wed 25 | | Thu 26 | | Fri 27 | |
| Event | M | E | M | E | M | E |
| S5 200m | **H** | **F** |  | |  | |
| S14 200m |  | |  | | **H** | **F** |

## Medal summary

The following is a summary of the medals awarded across all 200 metre freestyle events.

| Classification | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| S5
 | Zhang Li
China | 2:46.53 | Tully Kearney
Great Britain | 2:46.65 | Monica Boggioni
Italy | 2:55.70 |
| S14
 | Valeriia Shabalina
RPC | 2:03.71 | Bethany Firth
Great Britain | 2:03.99 | Jessica-Jane Applegate
Great Britain | 2:09.53 |

## Results

The following were the results of the finals only of each of the Women's 200 metre freestyle events in each of the classifications. Further details of each event, including where appropriate heats and semi finals results, are available on that event's dedicated page.

### S5

The S5 category is for swimmers who have hemiplegia, paraplegia, or short stature.

The final in this classification took place on 25 August 2021:

| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 6 | Zhang Li | China | 2:46.53 |  |
|  | 4 | Tully Kearney | Great Britain | 2:46.65 |  |
|  | 5 | Monica Boggioni | Italy | 2:55.70 |  |
| 4 | 3 | Suzanna Hext | Great Britain | 2:59.55 |  |
| 5 | 2 | Yao Cuan | China | 3:00.72 |  |
| 6 | 7 | Maori Yui | Japan | 3:14.58 |  |
| 7 | 1 | Sümeyye Boyacı | Turkey | 3:17.23 |  |
| 8 | 8 | Sevilay Öztürk | Turkey | 3:29.05 |  |

### S14

The S14 category is for swimmers who have an intellectual impairment.

The final in this classification will take place on 27 August 2021:

| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 4 | Valeriia Shabalina | RPC | 2:03.71 |  |
|  | 5 | Bethany Firth | Great Britain | 2:03.99 |  |
|  | 3 | Jessica-Jane Applegate | Great Britain | 2:09.53 |  |
| 4 | 6 | Louise Fiddes | Great Britain | 2:11.20 |  |
| 5 | 2 | Pernilla Lindberg | Sweden | 2:12.33 |  |
| 6 | 7 | Angela Marina | Canada | 2:15.43 |  |
| 7 | 1 | Ruby Storm | Australia | 2:17.33 |  |
| 8 | 8 | Michelle Alonso Morales | Spain | 2:19.67 |  |


title: Canal+ (Spanish TV provider)

abstract: Canal+ was a Spanish satellite broadcasting platform. It was previously known as Digital+ since its launch in 2003, and from 2011 it was known as Canal+, being named after its main premium channel. Formed on 23 July 2003 as a result of the equal merger of Via Digital and Canal Satélite Digital, it was the largest pay-TV broadcaster in Spain. The company used to be a subdivision of Sogecable with shares held by Mediaset Espana and Telefónica. In October 2011, Digital+ changed its name to Canal+.

text:
# Canal+ (Spanish TV provider)

**Canal+** was a Spanish satellite broadcasting platform. It was previously known as **Digital+** since its launch in 2003, and from 2011 it was known as **Canal+**, being named after its main premium channel.

Formed on 23 July 2003 as a result of the equal merger of Via Digital (owned by Telefónica) and *Canal Satélite Digital* (owned by Sociedad de Television Canal Plus, S.A.), it was the largest pay-TV broadcaster in Spain.

The company used to be a subdivision of Sogecable (renamed Prisa TV in 2010) with shares held by Mediaset Espana and Telefónica. In October 2011, Digital+ changed its name to **Canal+**.

## History

### Merging to Vía Digital

Before the creation of Digital+, there were two pay-TV companies in Spain: Vía Digital, owned by Telefónica and which operated through Hispasat, and Canal Satélite Digital, property of Sogecable, which used Astra for their services.

The economic loss of both them in the early years and Telefónica's none investment in its division motivated the fusion process between them for merging, apart from the government. The process finished on 8 May 2002. The agreement closed the acquisition of Vía Digital by Sogecable, carrying out a capital increase in 23% for Vía Digital shareholders. The resultant company would take in 2.5 million subscribers.

However, the agreement was subject to CNMC intervention. After several months of consideration, on 28 August 2002 CNMC published a report in which the organization recognized that the existence of both satellite companies was unviable, but it warned of fusion's danger to free competition, in markets like movies and sports broadcasting, as well as in pay-TV channels production.

On 13 November CNMC Defense Court sent the definitive report to the government, containing 10 conditions, including PPV's cession to cable companies, and limitations in football clubs rights contracts renewals. Days later, on 29 November, Ministers Council approved the fusion, with an increase to 34 conditions (24 more ones than CNMC requested).

These requirements did not satisfy anyone: companies involved in integration of the two companies (Sogecable, Vía Digital and Telefónica) as well as affected business because of it, such as Telecinco, Mediapark (Teuve), cable companies joined in ONO and AOC throughout Auna had brought administrative appeals before Supreme Court.

Even though, the merger followed its process and on 21 July 2003 the new resultant pay-TV company was born in Astra and Hispasat: Digital+. But business’ creation was controversial, because of cable companies and private TV channels that stated some of the conditions weren't achieved, like increasing packages prices instead of maintaining them as it should have, or not fulfilling 20% of independent production companies’ contents.

Digital+'s broadcasts stayed encrypted in both encryption systems used by Canal Satélite Digital and Vía Digital. The first one is SECA Mediaguard, used in the Astra satellite, currently in its second version. The second one is Nagravisión, in its third version since 4 December 2007.

### Strategy changes

On 1 February 2008 Digital+ started broadcasting in high definition with Canal+ HD launch. It initially would offer repeated HD contents from Canal+, but since 9 December 2008 transmitted the same programming of Canal+ in simulcast, offering in HD all contents that were available to broadcast in this quality. Canal+ Deportes HD and Canal+ DCine HD were launched that day too.

In September 2008, Prisa published on its newspaper El País that the business had received several offers to buy its pay-TV company, as a part of a corporate reorganization Prisa planned to make. Among the business interested in buying out Digital+, there were Telefónica, Vivendi, Telecinco, British Sky Broadcasting and ONO.

On 22 July 2009 the group presented its new channel called Canal+ Liga, direct opponent to Mediapro football channel Gol Televisión and that would include the same matches as this one. Among these ones, three of them would be from Primera División, always one with Real Madrid or FC Barcelona as a player, two from Segunda División, other two from every Copa del Rey season, as well as exclusively UEFA Europa League encrypted matches. The channel launched on 29 August 2009 with a HD simulcast.

In November 2009, Telefónica acquired Digital+’s 22% with a 240 million euros payment, moreover the debt repayment Prisa owed to give to Telefónica, which was worth in 230 million. The total cost of the operation was 470 million euros. Afterwards, in December, Telecinco bought another 22%, as a part of fusion operation of this channel with Sogecable's TV channel Cuatro.

In June 2010, the telecommunications operator Jazztel stopped commercializing its own pay-per-view services on television, to focus its audiovisual offer in agreements and Internet television services. The company signed in the beginning of May an agreement with Digital+ for being able to be commercialized with its telecom offer.

### New naming

On 17 October 2011 Digital+ was rebranded as Canal+. Consequently, the premium channel known as Canal+ transformed in Canal+ 1. This change also affected Festival de Series de Digital+, which would be from then Festival de Series de Canal+, and later, Canal+ Series.

### Canal+ sale and transformation to Movistar+

In 2013, even though they had previously happened during 2008, some negotiations about Canal+ sale appeared again. These ones would be more real because of the hurry banks had to solve Prisa's debt to them.

In June 2014, PRISA accepted Telefónica's offer to own Canal+. One month later, Mediaset España would sell its share to Telefónica so it could obtain the 100% of the company. As a result, PRISA and Mediaset España both sold the Canal+ TV channel, along with the rest of its shares in the Canal+ TV provider, to Telefonica.

On 8 July 2015, Telefónica launched Movistar+, a new platform as a result of the merger of Canal+ and Movistar TV which involved changes in the packages and new channels like Canal+ Estrenos, which broadcast the newest films, or Canal+ Series Xtra, which had alternative and European shows. Canal+ 1 disappeared and traditionally named Canal+ was back, although it would not contain premium programming such as premieres of movies, American cable TV series and the exclusive Sunday football match. They all would be transferred to other Canal+ family channels.

## Coverage

Canal+ offers its services through Astra satellites (at 19.2° east) and Hispasat (30° west).

## HbbTv

Canal+ is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) initiative that is promoting and establishing an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of broadcast TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface, and has run pilot HbbTV services in Spain.

## InfoBox

DTS, Distribuidora de Television Digital, S.A.
|
|  |
| Trade name | Canal+ |
| Company type | Sociedad Anónima |
| Industry | Satellite broadcasting |
| Predecessor |  |
| Founded | 21 July 2003 |
| Defunct | 8 July 2015 |
| Fate | Merger |
| Successor | Movistar+ |
| Headquarters | Tres Cantos, Spain |
| Area served | Nationwide |
| Products | Pay television |
| Operating income | €80.2 million (2009) |
| Parent | Telefónica, S.A. |
| Website | http://www.plus.es/ |


title: Raffaele Calabria

abstract: Raffaele Calabria was an Italian Catholic bishop. During his career, he served as Archbishop of Otranto and Archbishop of Benevento.

text:
# Raffaele Calabria

**Raffaele Calabria** (11 December 1906–24 May 1982) was an Italian Catholic bishop. During his career, he served as Archbishop of Otranto and Archbishop of Benevento.

## Biography

Raffaele Calabria was born on 11 December 1906 in the town of Lucera in Apulia, Italy. He studied at the Pontifical Gregorian University and received his degree in philosophy and theology, subjects he later taught in Salerno.

He was ordained a priest on 16 March 1929 and then consecrated a bishop on 29 June 1950, when he was appointed the Titular Archbishop of Soterioupolis on 6 May 1950, which he held until 10 July 1952. Calabria was then appointed the Metropolitan Archbishop of Otranto on 10 July 1952, a position he held until 12 July 1960. Upon resigning as Archbishop of Otranto, he was made the Titular Archbishop of Heliopolis in Phoenicia on 12 July 1960, which he held until 1 January 1962. Finally, on the same date, Calabria was appointed Metropolitan Archbishop of Benevento. He held this title until 24 May 1982, when he resigned from pastoral governance.

Calabria was a participant in the Second Vatican Council, where he sided with more conservative positions. At the end of the council, he became engaged in a spirited debate with future Cardinal Yves Congar about modernism.

Calabria was also responsible for renovating the Benevento Cathedral, including the large organ and the Stations of the Cross.

On 24 May 1982, Raffaele Calabria died in Benevento at the age of 75.

## InfoBox

| His Excellency, The Most Reverend
Raffaele Calabria | |
| --- | --- |
| Metropolitan Archbishop of Benevento | |
| Church | Roman Catholic |
| Archdiocese | Benevento |
| In office | 1 January 1962–24 May 1982 |
| Previous post(s) | Metropolitan Archbishop of Otranto (1952–1960) |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 16 March 1929 |
| Consecration | 29 June 1950 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 11 December 1906
Lucera, Apulia, Italy |
| Died | 24 May 1982(1982-05-24) (aged 75)
Benevento, Campania, Italy |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Alma mater | Pontifical Gregorian University |


title: C-4 Protective Mask

abstract: The C4 CBRN Protective Mask is the current issued gas mask of the Canadian Armed Forces. The C4 is a negative-pressure, full-face respirator with an ergonomic butyl rubber face piece. With its stretch-fabric mesh head harness and two simple adjustment pull straps, the C4 respirator is easily donned and doffed. The C-4 Protective Mask was to be replaced starting in 2019 with the AirBoss Low Burden Mask (LBM) as part of the Joint Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear General Service Respirator contract.

text:
# C-4 Protective Mask

The **C4 CBRN Protective Mask** is the current issued gas mask of the Canadian Armed Forces. The C4 is a negative-pressure, full-face respirator with an ergonomic butyl rubber face piece. With its stretch-fabric mesh head harness and two simple adjustment pull straps, the C4 respirator is easily donned and doffed.

The C-4 Protective Mask was to be replaced starting in 2019 with the AirBoss Low Burden Mask (LBM) as part of the Joint Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear General Service Respirator (J CBRN GSR) contract.

1. America, AirBoss of (2018-10-10). "AirBoss Announces Contract Award for the Joint General Service Respirator (JGSR) for Canadian Department of National Defense". *GlobeNewswire News Room* (Press release). Retrieved 2020-09-21.


title: Cordillera Darwin

abstract: The Cordillera Darwin is an extensive mountain range mantled by an ice field that is located in Chile.

text:
# Cordillera Darwin

The **Cordillera Darwin** is an extensive mountain range mantled by an ice field that is located in Chile.

## Description

Cordillera Darwin is located in the southwestern portion of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, entirely within the Chilean territory. It is part of the longest Andes range and includes the highest mountains in Tierra del Fuego, with elevations reaching over 2,000 m (6,600 ft); The ice field of the Cordillera Darwin covers an area greater than 2,300 square kilometres (890 sq mi). The Darwin Range extends in a west–east direction from the Monte Sarmiento (located in the vicinity of Magdalena Channel) to Yendegaia Valley. It is bounded by the Almirantazgo Fjord on the north and the Beagle Channel on the south. The range is named after Charles Darwin and is the most important feature of Alberto de Agostini National Park, which includes a number of well-known glaciers including the Marinelli Glacier, which is now under prolonged retreat as of 2008.

In October 2011, a team of French mountaineers from the French Army's Groupe Militaire de Haute Montagne announced the first crossing of the Cordillera Darwin in a 29-day trip which included an ascent of Mount Darwin, the highest peak in the range.

## Major peaks

## InfoBox

| Cordillera Darwin | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Highest point | |
| Peak | Mont Shipton |
| Geography | |
| Cordillera Darwin | |
| Country | Chile |
| State | Magallanes Region |
| Range coordinates | 54°45′S 69°29′W / 54.75°S 69.48°W / -54.75; -69.48 |


title: Treskavac, Ribnik

abstract: Treskavac is a village in the municipality of Ribnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text:
# Treskavac, Ribnik

**Treskavac** (Serbian Cyrillic: Трескавац) is a village in the municipality of Ribnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

44°26′40″N 16°52′31″E / 44.4444°N 16.8753°E / 44.4444; 16.8753

## InfoBox

| Treskavac Трескавац | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Republika Srpska |
| Municipality | Ribnik |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


abstract: The men's coxless pairs competition at the 1956 Summer Olympics took place at Lake Wendouree near Ballarat, Australia. The event was held from 23 November 23 to 27 November. The competition was won by James Fifer and Duvall Hecht representing the United States.

text:
# Rowing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's coxless pair

The **men's coxless pairs** competition at the 1956 Summer Olympics took place at Lake Wendouree near Ballarat, Australia. The event was held from 23 November 23 to 27 November. The competition was won by James Fifer and Duvall Hecht representing the United States.

## Heats

In the heats the first two pairs advanced directly to semi-finals. The others competed in the repechage for the remaining spots in the semi-finals.

### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete name | Country | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Reg Douglas
Bob Parker | New Zealand (NZL) | 7:32.6 | **SF** |
| 2 | Peter Raper
Maurice Grace | Australia (AUS) | 7:37.2 | **SF** |
| 3 | Alvaro Banchi
Maurizio Clerici | Italy (ITA) | 7:41.2 |  |

### Heat 2

| Rank | Athlete name | Country | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Helmut Sauermilch
Claus Heß | United Team of Germany (EUA) | 7:30.1 | **SF** |
| 2 | Finn Pedersen
Kjeld Østrøm | Denmark (DEN) | 7:36.6 | **SF** |
| 3 | Bob Baetens
Michel Knuysen | Belgium (BEL) | 7:45.6 |  |

### Heat 3

| Rank | Athlete name | Country | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | James Fifer
Duvall Hecht | United States (USA) | 7:19.5 | **SF** |
| 2 | Igor Buldakov
Viktor Ivanov | Soviet Union (URS) | 7:29.9 | **SF** |
| 3 | Josef Kloimstein
Alfred Sageder | Austria (AUT) | 7:37.0 |  |

## Repechage

The first two pairs advanced directly to semi-finals.

### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete name | Country | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Josef Kloimstein
Alfred Sageder | Austria (AUT) |  | **SF** |
| 2 | Alvaro Banchi
Maurizio Clerici | Italy (ITA) |  | **SF** |
| 3 | Bob Baetens
Michel Knuysen | Belgium (BEL) |  |  |

## Semi-finals

The first two pairs advanced directly to the final.

### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete name | Country | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Igor Buldakov
Viktor Ivanov | Soviet Union (URS) | 8:41.3 | **F** |
| 2 | Josef Kloimstein
Alfred Sageder | Austria (AUT) | 8:42.4 | **F** |
| 3 | Reg Douglas
Bob Parker | New Zealand (NZL) | 8:44.7 |  |
| 4 | Finn Pedersen
Kjeld Østrøm | Denmark (DEN) | 8:55.1 |  |

### Heat 2

| Rank | Athlete name | Country | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | James Fifer
Duvall Hecht | United States (USA) | 8:37.7 | **F** |
| 2 | Peter Raper
Maurice Grace | Australia (AUS) | 8:48.2 | **F** |
| 3 | Helmut Sauermilch
Claus Heß | United Team of Germany (EUA) | 8:52.3 |  |
| 4 | Alvaro Banchi
Maurizio Clerici | Italy (ITA) | 9:11.1 |  |

## Final

| Rank | Athlete name | Country | Time | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | James Fifer
Duvall Hecht | United States (USA) | 7:55.4 |  |
|  | Igor Buldakov
Viktor Ivanov | Soviet Union (URS) | 8:03.9 |  |
|  | Josef Kloimstein
Alfred Sageder | Austria (AUT) | 8:11.8 |  |
| 4 | Peter Raper
Maurice Grace | Australia (AUS) | 8:22.2 |  |

## InfoBox

| Men's coxless pairs
at the Games of the XVI Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Lake Wendouree |
| Date | November 23 – November 27 |
| Competitors | 18 from 9 nations |
| Medalists | |
| James Fifer
Duvall Hecht  United States  Igor Buldakov
Viktor Ivanov  Soviet Union  Josef Kloimstein
Alfred Sageder  Austria | |
|


title: Buller's chipmunk

abstract: Buller's chipmunk is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to Mexico.

text:
# Buller's chipmunk

**Buller's chipmunk** (***Neotamias bulleri***) is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to Mexico.

## InfoBox

| Buller's chipmunk | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Sciuridae |
| Genus: | *Neotamias* |
| Species: | ***N. bulleri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Neotamias bulleri***
(J. A. Allen, 1889) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Tamias bulleri* J. A. Allen, 1889 | |


title: DB Class V 100

abstract: These DB Class V 100 diesel locomotives were produced in the late 1950s by the Deutsche Bundesbahn for non-electrified branch lines as a replacement for steam locomotives. The V 100 class was built in three different variants. Decommissioned locomotives were also used in Austria by the Austrian Federal Railways during the 1990s and early 2000s, where they were registered as ÖBB Class 2048

text:
# DB Class V 100

These **DB Class V 100** diesel locomotives were produced in the late 1950s by the Deutsche Bundesbahn for non-electrified branch lines as a replacement for steam locomotives. The V 100 class was built in three different variants.

Decommissioned locomotives were also used in Austria by the Austrian Federal Railways during the 1990s and early 2000s, where they were registered as **ÖBB Class 2048**

## Class V 100.10 / Class 211

The **Class V 100.10** was a diesel locomotive for light passenger and goods traffic on branch lines. It was developed in 1956 by the Bundesbahn Central Office in Munich together with the engineering works, Maschinenbau Kiel (MaK), for the Deutsche Bundesbahn.

In the late autumn of 1958 the first six trials engines were delivered. Numbers V 100 001 to 005 were fitted with an 809 kW (1,100 HP) motor, but number V 100 006 was given a 993 kW (1,350 HP) motor. The latter formed the basis for the V 100.20, later DB Class 212. Number V 100 007 was built by MaK as the seventh trial engine and tested in Sweden; it was sold in 1959 to the Deutsche Bundesbahn. In 1960, the prototype series, numbers 001 to 005 and 007 were renumbered to V 100 1001 to 1005 and 1007 in order to better distinguish them from the more powerful V 100 006. In 1961 the production series was started, the run lasting until 1963. As well as MaK, the firms of Deutz, Maschinenfabrik Esslingen, Henschel, Jung, Krauss-Maffei and Krupp were involved in building the locomotives.

As part of the renumbering of locomotives by the Deutsche Bundesbahn in 1968, the V 100.10 was redesignated as **DB Class 211**. The Deutsche Bahn AG inherited the locomotives in 1994.

After almost 40 years service the last engine was withdrawn in 2001.

## Class V 100.20 / Classes 212 and 213

| DB Class V 100.20
DB Classes 212 and 213 | |
| --- | --- |
| 212 052-5 in purpurrot in Friedberg | |
| Type and origin  Power type Diesel-hydraulic  Builder   Build date 1959, 1962–1966  Total produced 381 | |
| Specifications  Configuration:
   UIC B′B′  Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in)  Wheel diameter 950 mm (3 ft 1+38 in)  Wheelbase:   Engine 8,200 mm (26 ft 10+78 in)  Bogie 2,200 mm (7 ft 2+58 in)  Pivot centres 6,000 mm (19 ft 8+14 in)  Length:
   Over buffers * 12,100 mm (39 ft 8+38 in) * *from 212 022* 12,300 mm (40 ft 4+14 in)  Height 4,275 mm (14 ft 14 in)  Axle load 15.8 t (15.6 long tons; 17.4 short tons)  Service weight 63.0 t (62.0 long tons; 69.4 short tons)  Fuel type Diesel fuel  Fuel capacity 2,500 L (550 imp gal; 660 US gal)  Prime mover MTU 12V652 TA/TZ10  Engine type V12 four-stoke diesel  Loco brake Knorr compressed-air brake  Safety systems Sifa/Indusi | |
| Performance figures  Maximum speed * *Shunt:* 65 km/h (40 mph) * *Line:* 100 km/h (62 mph)  Power output:
   Continuous 1,350 PS (993 kW; 1,330 hp)  Power index 15.8 kW/t (21.5 PS/t)  Tractive effort:
   Starting 177 kN (40,000 lbf) | |
| Career  Operators Deutsche Bundesbahn  Class V 10020, 212 and 213 from 1968  Numbers * V 100 2001 – V 100 2381 * *from 1968:* 212 001 – 212 331, 212 342 – 212 381, 213 332 – 213 341 | |

The **DB Class V 100.20** (later **Class 212**) is a more powerful variant of the V 100. It was based on the prototype V 100 006, which from 1960 was renumbered to V 100 2001. It went into series production in 1962 and, unlike the V 100.10 which was employed on branch line service, it was also intended for main line duties and ramps. Up to 1966 a total of 381 examples entered service. The Class 212 is 12.1 metres long (from no. 022: 12.3 m) and weighs 63 tonnes. Its top speed is 100 km/h and its engine generates 993 kW (1,350 PS).

Ten locomotives from the last batch of 150 engines were additionally equipped with stronger brakes and modified drives and were employed on ramps. These locomotives, originally numbered V 100 2332 to 2341 were reclassified in 1968 as **DB Class 213**. They replaced the steam locomotives of Class 82 and 94 on the *Murg Valley Railway* and in the *Westerwald*. In the Murg Valley they were replaced in their turn in 1972 by the DB Class 218.

The last Class 212 was withdrawn from normal service in 2004, some have been preserved or found use with private firms.

## Locomotives of the tunnel rescue train – Class 214/714

Due to the many tunnels on the new railway line from Würzburg to Hanover, special rescue vehicles were needed. The Bundesbahn developed the Tunnel Emergency Train (*Tunnelhilfszug* or *TuHi*) as an external rescue system. In May 1988 the first *TuHi* went into service at Fulda. Diesel engine 212 244-8 was used as Locomotive 1 and 212 257-0 as Locomotive 2. The Würzburg *TuHi* followed in August 1988 using 212 236-4 as Locomotive 1 and 212 352-9 as Locomotive 2. Number 212 271-1 was held in reserve. All five 212s for *TuHi* were rebuilt between May and August 1988 at AW Kassel. Both *TuHi* are one-way trains, i.e. they can only be used in one direction. They consist of transport wagon 1, the equipment wagon, the fire fighting wagon, the centre wagon, the first aid coach and transport wagon 2. Locos 1 and 2 are also different. Loco 1 has a video and infra-red camera, two large and two small headlights and yellow flashing lights. Loco 2 does not have an infra-red camera. With effect from 1 January 1989 the five engines of Class 214 were reclassified, retaining their serial numbers. Official all 5 locos are allocated to Bw Würzburg. Both engines with the Fulda *TuHi* had "Bw Fulda" incorrectly painted on them.

On 29 May 1991 the Federal President, Richard von Weizsäcker, gave the starting signal at Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe to announce that the new Hannover–Würzburg and Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railways were now fully in service. That meant four more locations for *TuHi* were required. In addition to Fulda and Würzburg, *TuHi* also had to be stationed at Kornwestheim, Mannheim, Kassel and Hildesheim. The *TuHi* in Fulda had to be organised as a bidirectional train, so that it could be used in the Würzburg and Kassel directions. To make this possible, another first aid coach has been inserted behind transport wagon 1. By stationing a *TuHi* at Hildesheim Hbf and Kassel Hbf both directions of the high-speed link can be traversed via link lines. For that reason a unidirectional train is sufficient here. Between August 1990 and April 1991 eight more 212 or 214s were modified at AW Bremen und AW Kassel for the four other *TuHi*. Locomotives 212 033, 212 046, 212 235, 212 245, 212 246, 212 251, 212 260 and 212 277 were converted to Class 214, all retaining their original serial numbers. There is no difference any longer between locos 1 and 2, in order to be able to exchange them more easily, which is always necessary when carrying out routine maintenance. The former locomotive 2's from Würzburg and Fulda were fitted with the missing infra-red cameras in 1991 at AW Kassel. The cooling of the infra-red cameras is achieved now using the usual liquid air cylinders, which were swapped for the previously used liquid nitrogen flasks. After the serious train accident on 15 November 1992 at Northeim, when no *TuHi* was used, a new concept for rescue operations was introduced. Once the *TuHi* also became available for deployment away from the high-speed railway they became known as "emergency trains" (*Rettungszüge* or *Rtz*). All 13 engines of Class 214 were redesignated by the DB AG on 31 October 1994 to railway works vehicles of Class 714. Again the running numbers were retained. On 1 August 1996, however, they were given sequential numbers within Class 714, from 001 to 013. The locomotive with the lowest original number became 001 and the one with the highest became 013. Because only one reserve locomotive is available, DB AG converted another two engines in 1996/97 at Stendal: numbers 212 269 became 714 014 and 212 160 became 714 015. In addition to the renumbering, the *TuHi*/*Rtz* locos changed their livery. The first five *TuHi* locos still had the classic ocean blue and beige livery, the later eight engines were painted orient red. To achieve greater recognisability against the emergency wagon, the locos were painted in luminous red. Numbers 714 003, 714 008, 714 009, 714 011, 714 014 and 714 015 have this livery, as do the wagons in the *Rtz* at Würzburg, Fulda and Hildesheim. Due to the rapid fading of the luminous red paint, all engines and wagons were subsequently repainted in traffic red. The inscription on the locomotives remains confusing. There are the white letters *Rtz*, the DB insignia with white writing *Netz Notfalltechnik*, and the DB sign with white lettering *Notfalltechnik*. All 15 engines of Class 714 belong to DB Netz, central route management/railway vehicles at Fulda. From there the disposition of the engines is controlled and they are regularly changed over under a rolling programme.

## Use after 2004

With the withdrawal of the last Class 212 locomotives used by Railion on 13 December 2004 the employment of the V100 by the DB was largely over. Still in service, apart from the 15 tunnel rescue locos of Class 714, are just four engines of Classes 212 and 213 with the DB subsidiary, Deutsche Bahn Gleisbau (DBG), and one Class 213 engine with another subsidiary SüdostBayernBahn (mothballed in November 2006). However, in October 2006 12 retired 212s were transferred to Aw. Cottbus for a general inspection with the aim of reactivating them for DB Services. By the end of 2008 10 locomotives had been equipped with the MTU 8V 4000 R41 engine (1000 kW), which is similar to that on the Class 290/294.

Many locos from the Deutsche Bahns fleet were sold as part of a joint venture with Alstom to the *Alstom Lokomotiven Service* in Stendal. There the engines were systematically rebuilt and sold to interested parties, such as private railways, in Germany and abroad.

Some locomotives have found use with private operators, in particular rail infrastructure firms.

## Rebuilt locomotives

### Class 214/262

In November 2006 Alstom and the Gmeinder Lokomotivfabrik Mosbach developed a modernisation concept for the locomotives of the former DB Class V 100. The prototype 214 110 was presented at the "Transport & Logistik München" in June 2007, numbered as 212 197 with the Nordbayerischen Eisenbahn (NBE). The classification was confirmed by the railway federal office in 20.05.2008, at the same time the Class 214 was specified in the EBA locomotive register. For the conversion only the locomotive frame and bogies of the V 100 were used. The low superstructure was completely new and more box like. The engines are driven by a new Caterpillar motor, 3508 BSC (970 kW). The DB classified the locos it hires out as Class 262. Eleven locomotives were delivered by August 2008 to, amongst others, DB Schenker, the Nordbayerische Eisenbahn, Locon and BBL Logistik. The DB Schenker locos were deployed to Magdeburg. In Stendal there are about 50 old vehicles available for a possible conversion.

### OnRail DH 1004

The **OnRail DH 1004** were rebuilt from V 100s in the late 1990s and early 2000s by Vossloh retaining the frame, bogies and transmission but with the engine and bodywork replaced. The locomotives are used at ports and on private railways.

## Preservation

After withdrawal in 2004, ***211 023***, ***212 023*** and ***212 330*** in some units became the property of the Deutsche Bahn's own museum (see Nuremberg Transport Museum). One of the 212 units had been looked after by a group of railway fans for years; having been adopted in 1993 and painted in its historical *purpurrot* livery (Epoch III to Epoch IV) at the general inspections in 1994 and 2000.

All three locomotives were badly damaged as a result of a fire on 17 October 2005 at the museum. In June/July 2006 all the burnt out diesel locomotives in the museum's ownership were dismantled and scrapped.

An entire range of Class V100 locomotives have been preserved. For example: 211 023-7 (DB Museum), 211 054-2 (Gemeinde Eschenau), 211 079-9 (Hammer EF), 211 200-1 (DGEG), 211 357-9 (*Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung von Schienenfahrzeugen*), 212 001-2 (DB Museum), 212 007-9 (DGEG), 212 009-5 (private), 212 023-6 (DB Museum), 212 062-4 (DB Museum), 212 077-2 (DB Museum), 212 084-8 (DB Museum), 212 133-3 (private), 212 203-4 (private) und 212 372-7 (DB Museum).

1. "OnRail DH 1004". *loks-aus-kiel.de*.

## Further information

### Books

* Große, Peter; Högemann, Josef (2005). *Die Baureihe V 100*. Freiburg: EK-Verlag. ISBN 3-88255-104-6.
* Burow, Andreas (2004). *Die V 100-Familie*. Munich: GeraNova Bruckmann. ISBN 3-7654-7109-7.
* von Lüpke, Alexander (2003). *Museumslokomotive 212 203-4*. Neustadt: Eisenbahnfachbuch-Verlag. ISBN 3-9807748-0-5.

### Periodical articles

* Engbarth, Fritz (2000). "Abgelöst! Das Ende der V 100 in der Pfalz". *Eisenbahn-Kurier*. Vol. 34, no. 337. EK-Verlag GmbH. pp. 50–53. ISSN 0170-5288.
* Niedt, Marcus (2001). "Mädchen für alles. Die Baureihen 211–214 der Bundesbahn". *LOK MAGAZIN*. Vol. 40, no. 238. München: GeraNova Zeitschriftenverlag GmbH. pp. 69–79. ISSN 0458-1822.
* Feldmann, Thomas (2003). "Baureihe 212. Im Führerstand". *LOK MAGAZIN*. Vol. 42, no. 257. München: GeraNova Zeitschriftenverlag GmbH. pp. 52–55. ISSN 0458-1822.
* Burow, Andreas (2005). "Lok für steile Strecken. Die Baureihe 213". *LOK MAGAZIN*. Vol. 44, no. 280. München: GeraNova Zeitschriftenverlag GmbH. pp. 34–47. ISSN 0458-1822.
* Lorenz, Jürgen (2008). "Baureihe 214 jetzt mit Zulassung-weitere Lieferungen an LOCON und DB Schenker". *Eisebahnkurier*. No. 7. Freiburg: EK-Verlag. ISSN 0170-5288.

### Film

* V100.de V 100 site with technical diagrams, and technical information on all components, and individual locomotive histories and images for all 745 units. *v100.de*
* Die V 100 der DB The DB V 100. Brief history and design information *epoch-3.de*
* DB Class V 100 – Locomotive with diesel-hydraulic drive

## InfoBox

| DB Class V 100.10
*later:* DB Class 211
*and:* DB Class 212, 213, 214 | |
| --- | --- |
| 211 101 in 1986 | |
| Type and origin  Power type Diesel-hydraulic  Builder   Build date 1958–1963  Total produced 364 | |
| Specifications  Configuration:
   UIC B′B′  Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in)  Wheel diameter 950 mm (3 ft 1+38 in)  Wheelbase:   Bogie 2,200 mm (7 ft 2+58 in)  Pivot centres 6,000 mm (19 ft 8+14 in)  Length:
   Over buffers 12,100 mm (39 ft 8+38 in)  Height 3,990 mm (13 ft 1+18 in)  Axle load 15.5 t (15.3 long tons; 17.1 short tons)  Service weight 62.0 t (61.0 long tons; 68.3 short tons)  Prime mover * Maybach MD 650 or * Daimler-Benz MB 820 Bb or * MAN L 12 V 18/21 or * MAN V 6 V 18/21 or * Daimler-Benz MB 835 Ab  Engine type 12-cylinder four-stroke diesel  Loco brake Knorr compressed-air brake  Safety systems Sifa/Indusi | |
| Performance figures  Maximum speed * 90 km/h (56 mph) * *from 211 008:* 100 km/h (62 mph)  Power output:
   Continuous 809 kW (1,100 PS; 1,085 hp)  Power index 13.0 kW/t (17.7 PS/t)  Tractive effort:
   Starting 177 kN (40,000 lbf) | |
| Career  Operators Deutsche Bundesbahn  Class V10010, 211 from 1968  Numbers * V 100 1001 – V 100 1005, V 100 1007 – V 100 1365 * *from 1968:* 211 001 – 211 005, 211 007 – 211 365  Retired 2001 | |


title: Kollo Department

abstract: Kollo is a department of the Tillabéri Region in Niger. Its capital lies at the city of Kollo, and includes the towns of N'Dounga, Fakara, Hamdallaye, Karma, Kirtachi, Kouré, Lamordé, Liboré, and Namaro. As of 2012, the department had a total population of 465,399 people.

text:
# Kollo Department

**Kollo**  is a department of the Tillabéri Region in Niger. Its capital lies at the city of Kollo, and includes the towns of N'Dounga, Fakara, Hamdallaye, Karma, Kirtachi, Kouré, Lamordé, Liboré, and Namaro. As of 2012, the department had a total population of 465,399 people.

## Communes

* Portions of this article were translated from the French language Wikipedia article fr:Tillabéri (région), 2008-06-19.

13°18′15″N 2°20′20″E / 13.30417°N 2.33889°E / 13.30417; 2.33889

## InfoBox

| Kollo | |
| --- | --- |
| Department | |
| Département de Kollo | |
| Kollo Department location in the region | |
| Country | Niger |
| Region | Tillabéri Region |
| Departmental | Kollo |
| Area | |
| Total | 10,002 km2 (3,862 sq mi) |
| Population (2012 census) | |
| Total | 465,399 |
| Density | 47/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (GMT 1) |


title: Canal+ 2

abstract: Canal+ 2 was a Spanish television channel in operated by Telefonica. It was available through the satellite platform Canal+. It was available through Digital terrestrial television from 2010 to 2011.

text:
# Canal+ 2

**Canal+ 2** (Spanish: *Canal+ Two*) was a Spanish television channel in operated by Telefonica. It was available through the satellite platform Canal+. It was available through Digital terrestrial television from 2010 to 2011.

## History

On July 21, 2003, with the birth of Digital+,Canal+ 2 launched as amerge between Canal+ Rojo and Canal+ Azul merge into Canal+ 2.

After the leak of the news in various forums, rumors of a new entertainment channel for DTT under the Canal+ label spread, in January 2010 it was announced that 40 Latino would cease its free-to-air broadcasts on August 23, 2010. Prisa TV later confirmed in a press release that, after much speculation, Canal+ 2 would become Canal+ Dos to make the transition to DTT with new and diverse content.

However, Canal+ 2 stopped broadcasting on DTT on December 19, 2011, due to the lack of success of Premium DTT and it was replaced by Energy, owned by Mediaset España.

On July 8, 2015, after the birth of Movistar+, the channel was relaunched as Canal+ Series Xtra.

## InfoBox

Canal+ 2
| Country | Spain |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Nationwide |
| Headquarters | Madrid, Spain |
| Programming | |
| Language(s) | Spanish |
| Picture format | 576i (SDTV) |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Telefónica |
| Sister channels | Canal+ 1 |
| History | |
| Launched | July 21, 2003 (2003-07-21) (in Digital+)<br>August 23, 2010 (2010-08-23) (DTT) |
| Replaced | 40 Latino |
| Closed | July 8, 2015 (2015-07-08) |
| Links | |
| Website | http://www.plus.es |