title: 1860 Florida gubernatorial election

abstract: The 1860 Florida gubernatorial election was held on October 1, 1860. Democratic Nominee John Milton defeated Opposition candidate Edward D. Hopkins.

text:
# 1860 Florida gubernatorial election

The **1860 Florida gubernatorial election** was held on October 1, 1860. Democratic Nominee John Milton defeated Opposition candidate Edward D. Hopkins.

## Candidates

### Democratic

#### Nominee

#### Eliminated at party convention

* John Finlayson
* Philip Dell
* George Whitfield
* E. Blackburn

### Opposition

#### Nominee

* Edward D. Hopkins

## General election

### Results

Florida's gubernatorial election, 1860
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **John Milton** | **7,302** | **55.39%** | **+4.07** |
|  | Opposition | Edward D. Hopkins | 5,882 | 44.61% | N/A |
| Turnout | | | **13,184** | **100.00%** |  |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | | |

#### Results by County

| County | John Milton
*Democratic* | | Edward D. Hopkins
*Opposition* | | Total votes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | # | % | # | % | |
| Alachua | **515** | **72.84%** | 192 | 27.16% | 707 |
| Brevard | **13** | **76.47%** | 4 | 23.53% | 17 |
| Calhoun | **80** | **80.0%** | 20 | 20.0% | 100 |
| Clay | 67 | 32.68% | **138** | **67.32%** | 205 |
| Columbia | 229 | 44.73% | **283** | **55.27%** | 512 |
| Dade | **27** | **100.0%** | 0 | 0% | 27 |
| Duval | 231 | 45.65% | **275** | **54.35%** | 506 |
| Escambia | 153 | 27.82% | **397** | **72.18%** | 550 |
| Franklin | **146** | **78.07%** | 41 | 21.93% | 187 |
| Gadsden | 355 | 45.51% | **425** | **54.49%** | 780 |
| Hamilton | **245** | **57.78%** | 179 | 42.22% | 424 |
| Hernando | **212** | **70.90%** | 87 | 29.10% | 299 |
| Hillsborough | **345** | **88.92%** | 43 | 11.08% | 388 |
| Holmes | **90** | **52.19%** | 80 | 47.06% | 170 |
| Jackson | **513** | **52.19%** | 470 | 47.81% | 983 |
| Jefferson | **427** | **70.93%** | 175 | 29.07% | 602 |
| Lafayette | **109** | **54.23%** | 92 | 45.77% | 201 |
| Leon | **400** | **53.19%** | 352 | 46.81% | 752 |
| Levy | **171** | **66.54%** | 86 | 33.46% | 257 |
| Liberty | 73 | 42.44% | **99** | **57.56%** | 172 |
| Madison | 237 | 35.91% | **423** | **64.09%** | 660 |
| Manatee | **89** | **90.82%** | 9 | 9.18% | 98 |
| Marion | **423** | **64.29%** | 235 | 35.71% | 658 |
| Monroe | **154** | **77.39%** | 45 | 22.61% | 199 |
| Nassau | **260** | **78.55%** | 71 | 21.45% | 331 |
| New River | 172 | 43.65% | **222** | **56.35%** | 394 |
| Orange | 54 | 32.14% | **114** | **67.86%** | 168 |
| Putnam | **149** | **57.53%** | 110 | 42.47% | 259 |
| Santa Rosa | 256 | 44.52% | **319** | **55.48%** | 575 |
| St. Johns | **198** | **65.56%** | 104 | 34.44% | 302 |
| Sumter | 97 | 49.63% | **98** | **50.26%** | 195 |
| Suwannee | 135 | 49.63% | **137** | **50.37%** | 272 |
| Taylor | **89** | **50.28%** | 88 | 49.72% | 177 |
| Volusia | **65** | **62.50%** | 39 | 37.50% | 104 |
| Wakulla | **165** | **53.05%** | 146 | 46.95% | 311 |
| Walton | 191 | 49.10% | **198** | **50.90%** | 389 |
| Washington | **167** | **66.01%** | 86 | 33.99% | 235 |
| Totals | **7,302** | **55.39%** | **5,882** | **44.61%** | 13,184 |

1. Graham, E.M. (June 23, 1860). "Proceedings of the Democratic State Convention". *The Telegraph*. p. 1. Retrieved September 16, 2022.
2. Andreu, Matthias R. (July 14, 1860). "Opposition State Nominations". *St. Augustine Examiner*. p. 2. Retrieved September 16, 2022.
3. Dubin, Michael J. (2003). *United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County*. Jefferson: McFarland & Company. p. 29. ISBN 9780786414390.

## InfoBox

1860 Florida Gubernatorial election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **John Milton** Edward D. Hopkins   Party Democratic Opposition  Popular vote **7,302** 5,882  Percentage **55.39%** 44.61% | |
| ---  County Results | |
| ---  **Governor before election**
Madison S. Perry
Democratic **Elected Governor**
John Milton
Democratic | |


title: Börde-Hakel

abstract: Börde-Hakel is a municipality in the district of Salzlandkreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2010 by the merger of the former municipalities Etgersleben, Hakeborn and Westeregeln.

text:
# Börde-Hakel

**Börde-Hakel** is a municipality in the district of Salzlandkreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2010 by the merger of the former municipalities Etgersleben, Hakeborn and Westeregeln.

## InfoBox

| Börde-Hakel | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Location of Börde-Hakel within Salzlandkreis district | |
| Börde-Hakel Börde-Hakel | |
| Coordinates: 51°58′N 11°24′E / 51.967°N 11.400°E / 51.967; 11.400 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Saxony-Anhalt |
| District | Salzlandkreis |
| Municipal assoc. | Egelner Mulde |
| Government | |
| Mayor (202330) | Tim Heberling |
| Area | |
| Total | 38.65 km2 (14.92 sq mi) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 3,025 |
| Density | 78/km2 (200/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 39448 |
| Dialling codes | 039268 |
| Vehicle registration | SLK |
| Website | www.egelnermulde.de |


title: John Edgcumbe

abstract: John Oliver Pearce Edgcumbe, FRCP, was a British medical practitioner who became Devon's first consultant haematologist. He was a collateral descendant of the painter Joshua Reynolds and co-edited, with John Ingamells, a new edition of the letters of Sir Joshua, the first for over 70 years.

text:
# John Edgcumbe

**John Oliver Pearce Edgcumbe**, FRCP, (1920 – 18 October 2001) was a British medical practitioner who became Devon's first consultant haematologist. He was a collateral descendant of the painter Joshua Reynolds and co-edited, with John Ingamells, a new edition of the letters of Sir Joshua, the first for over 70 years.

## Early life and family

John Edgcumbe was born in Teignmouth in 1920, a collateral descendant of Joshua Reynolds. He married Teryll, née Degwell Thomas and they had a son and a daughter.

## Career

Edgcumbe qualified in medicine from Cambridge/The London Hospital in 1946. He received his MD in 1952. He originally leaned towards neurology and won the Queen Square Prize for Neurology in 1954, but decided to specialise instead in haematology and became Devon's first consultant haematologist. He was a fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists, president of the British Society for Haematology 1972-3 and president of the Devon and Exeter Medical Society in 1981-2.

## Joshua Reynolds

The idea for a new edition of the letters of Joshua Reynolds had been raised in the 1980s when Brian Allen and John Edgcumbe found that they were independently collecting new material and decided to collaborate. After he retired, Edgcumbe held a visiting fellowship at the Yale Center for British Art in order to complete the work. The book was eventually published by Yale University Press in 2000, jointly edited by Edgcumbe and John Ingamells. In their review of the work, *The Times* noted that the quantity of known letters from Reynolds had swollen by almost two-thirds since the last collected edition by Frederick W. Hilles in 1929, but lamented Reynolds uninspired prose style. Records relating to the editing of the book are held at the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, Yale University.

Edgcumbe was a member of the Reynolds Society and the Johnson Club.

## Death

Edgcumbe died on 18 October 2001 at his home after suffering from prostate cancer. He was survived by his wife (died 2009) and two children.

## Publications

* *The letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds*. Yale University Press, New Haven, 2000. (Editor with John Ingamells) ISBN 978-0300087338

## InfoBox

| John Edgcumbe | |
| --- | --- |
| John Edgcumbe | |
| Born | John Oliver Pearce Edgcumbe
1920
Teignmouth, Devon, England |
| Died | 18 October 2001 |
| Nationality | British |
| Alma mater | Cambridge/The London Hospital |
| Known for | Devon's first consultant haematologist |
| Spouse(s) | Teryll, née Degwell Thomas |
| Children | 2 |
| Relatives | Joshua Reynolds |
| **Medical career** | |
| Sub-specialties | Haematology |
| Notable works | President of the British Society for Haematology |
| Awards | Queen Square Prize for Neurology |
|  | |


title: Rachel Clinton

abstract: Rachel Clinton, born in Sudbury, Suffolk, England, to Richard and Martha Haffield, was a survivor of the Salem witch trials.

text:
# Rachel Clinton

**Rachel Clinton** (née **Haffield**; c. 1629 – 1694/95), born in Sudbury, Suffolk, England, to Richard and Martha Haffield, was a survivor of the Salem witch trials.

## Early years

In the spring of 1635 the Haffield family emigrated to New England and sailed upon a ship named *The Planter*. Rachel was one of five daughters and her mother had been a maid-servant who was later deemed to be mentally insane. Rachel grew up in an affluent household although the Haffield family fortune was ever dwindling.

In 1639 Rachel's father died and her mother rented out sections of their property to tenants as well as earning an income from spinning (textiles). Her father's will stipulated that his estate be divided evenly among his wife and five daughters. The will triggered years of quarrels and bitterness in the family, particularly in regard to the children of his first marriage. Rachel therefore passed her later childhood years in the absence of an older male in the family as she had no brothers, an atypical situation for the era. The mental condition of her mother continued to deteriorate in the ensuing years and she was declared "non compos mentis" in 1666 by local magistrates.

## Marriage

Rachel, at age 36, married Lawrence Clinton, who was some fourteen years her junior. Legal proceedings during this entire period were still underway regarding the estate of her late father, and Rachel became an unfortunate loser. It was never made clear whether she ever received monies from her rightful inheritance, and solicitation was acrimonious to the extent that she descended into destitution, having fallen out of favor with her husband.

In 1671 Rachel accused her husband of not providing her with regular maintenance, and he was sentenced to prison until he "hath paid her 40 shillings for times past". Rachel herself was ordered "to entertain him as her husband when he comes to her". Further legal problems presented themselves when in September 1676 the court convicted Mary Greeley, a maidservant, of "committing fornication with Lawrence Clinton".

Soon after, Rachel petitioned for divorce but was herself imprisoned for pursuing an extramarital affair with a man called John Ford. Both were incarcerated on "suspicion of uncleanliness and other evil practises". The two were bound to maintain 'good behaviour', and the relationship with Ford ended. She renewed her efforts to obtain a divorce from Lawrence Clinton, who married again although not divorced from Rachel, sired children, and continued to come before the courts on minor charges of fraud.

## Allegations

From this point on Rachel was forced to beg for money to support herself and it is at this stage in her life that allegations of witchcraft begin to appear. A variety of Ipswich, Massachusetts residents were called to give sworn depositions against her in 1692. Allegations were made by a Mary Fuller that Rachel had caused the death of a neighbor simply by passing her by. Another witness, Thomas Boreman, described an incident in the Ipswich meeting-house where "Some women of worth and quality" had accused Rachel of "hunching them with her elbow". Boreman further alluded that Rachel was able to shape-shift into creatures including a dog and a turtle.

William Baker, a third deponent, attributed the loss of a quantity of beer to Rachel by supernatural means. These are a few examples of dozens of allegations made against Rachel which established her infamy as a practicant of witchcraft. She was alleged to have passed people in the street and yelled "hellhound" and "whoremasterly rogue" at them.

## Last years and death

Rachel's vulnerabilities made her a target for predators of the day, including her husband Lawrence, who made use of the Salem Witch Trials to exploit and vilify impoverished women who had fallen through the social classes and from grace when entering the arena of poverty.

Rachel Clinton died destitute in late 1694 or during the first week of January 1695 at Ipswich, Essex County, Massachusetts. Although the date of her death does not appear in formal records, on January 7, 1695, the administration of her estate was granted to a Ruth White  of Wenham.

## Footnotes


title: Centrotini

abstract: Centrotini is a tribe of treehoppers in the subfamily Centrotinae. It was first described by Charles Jean-Baptiste Amyot and Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville in 1843, and contains 46 genera.

text:
# Centrotini

**Centrotini** is a tribe of treehoppers in the subfamily Centrotinae. It was first described by Charles Jean-Baptiste Amyot and Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville in 1843, and contains 46 genera.

## Genera

## InfoBox

| Centrotini | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Centrotus cornutus* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Auchenorrhyncha |
| Family: | Membracidae |
| Subfamily: | Centrotinae |
| Tribe: | Centrotini<br>Amyot & Serville, 1843 |
|


title: Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum

abstract: The Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum (SVTG), also known as the Göttingen Septuagint, is a critical edition of the Greek Old Testament prepared in Göttingen and published by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. The project was founded by Alfred Rahlfs in 1908, and continues today under the direction of Reinhard G. Kratz and Felix Albrecht. As of 2024, 26 volumes have been published. The project is about 75% complete, and work on each of the remaining 11 volumes is in progress.

text:
# Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum

The **Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum** (**SVTG**), also known as the **Göttingen Septuagint**, is a critical edition of the Greek Old Testament prepared in Göttingen and published by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. The project was founded by Alfred Rahlfs in 1908, and continues today under the direction of Reinhard G. Kratz and Felix Albrecht. As of 2024, 26 volumes have been published (out of 37 total). The project is about 75% complete, and work on each of the remaining 11 volumes is in progress.

## History

Since the early twentieth century, preparation of the major critical edition of the Septuagint has been centered in Göttingen. From its inception, the project's goal was to produce a comprehensive critical, eclectic edition of the entire corpus of ancient Greek translations known as the "Septuagint" (LXX). The task of each SVTG volume is thus to reconstruct the oldest attainable text version (i.e., before its later recensions) of a given book in a critical edition and to document its transmission as thoroughly as possible. The vision for the project stretches back to the approach to study of the LXX initiated by Paul Anton de Lagarde (1827–1891), who had hoped to himself produce a full eclectic edition, but ultimately fell far short.

Work on the Göttingen Septuagint official began in 1908 with the project initiated by Lagarde's disciple, Alfred Rahlfs (1851–1913), supported by Rudolf Smend and Julius Wellhausen, and the founding of the Septuaginta-Unternehmen ("Septuagint Company") of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities (Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen). From 1908 to 2015, the responsibility for producing a complete critical edition of the Greek Old Testament belonged to the Septuaginta-Unternehmen. The project was led by six scholars over the course of its duration: Alfred Rahlfs (1908–1933), Werner Kappler (1933–1944), Emil Große-Brauckmann (1952–1961), Robert Hanhart (1961–1993), Anneli Aejmelaeus (1993–2000), and Bernhard Neuschäfer (2005–2015). During this period, 24 volumes of the SVTG were published, covering the Pentateuch, prophetic books, most of the deuterocanonical books, and a handful of others. In 2015, the funding for the Septuaginta-Unternehmen expired, and it officially closed.

Following the close of the Septuaginta-Unternehmen, the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities established another commission in 2016 to carry on the task of editing and producing the Göttingen Septuagint: Kommission zur Edition und Erforschung der Septuaginta ("Commission for the Edition and Research of the Septuagint"), directed by Reinhard G. Kratz and Felix Albrecht. This Commission officially ran from 2016–2019, and resulted in the publication of two new editions and a number of revised printings of earlier volumes. From 2020 onwards, the production of the remaining books in the SVTG project will be conducted by the Robert Hanhart Foundation (“Robert Hanhart-Stiftung zur Förderung der Septuaginta-Forschung”), presided over by Kratz.

In 2020, a new long-term project of the Academy was established: “Die *Editio critica maior* des griechischen Psalters” ("The *Editio critica maior* of the Greek Psalter"). It officially began on January 1, 2020, and is scheduled to run for 21 years. As a product of its larger aim of exploring the complex and extensive tradition and textual history of the Greek Psalter, this new project will culminate in the publication of a new critical edition of the Psalms and Odes for the Göttingen SVTG series. This will replace the outdated and inadequate edition by Alfred Rahlfs from 1931. The critically reconstructed text will be provided in a hybrid edition—both as a printed book and an online edition.

## Volumes of the *Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum* (SVTG)

### Published

* Wevers, John William, ed. (1974), *Genesis*, SVTG 1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53391-8
* , ed. (1991), *Exodus*, SVTG 2.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53445-8
* , ed. (1986), *Leviticus*, SVTG 2.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53444-1
* , ed. (1982), *Numeri*, SVTG 3.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53441-0
    + 2nd edition: 2019
* , ed. (1977), *Deuteronomium*, SVTG 3.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53410-6
    + 2nd edition: 2006
* Quast, Udo, ed. (2006), *Ruth*, SVTG 4.3, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53448-9
    + 2nd edition: 2009
* Hanhart, Robert, ed. (2014), *Paralipomenon Liber II*, SVTG 7.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53449-6
* , ed. (1974), *Esdrae Liber I*, SVTG 8.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53399-4
    + 2nd edition: 1991
* , ed. (1993), *Esdrae Liber II*, SVTG 8.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53400-7
    + 2nd edition: 2017
* , ed. (1966), *Esther*, SVTG 8.3, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53402-1
    + 2nd edition: 1983
* , ed. (1979), *Iudith*, SVTG 8.4, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53438-0
* , ed. (1983), *Tobit*, SVTG 8.5, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53442-7
* Kappler, Werner, ed. (1936), *Maccabaeorum Liber I*, SVTG 9.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53404-5
    + 2nd edition: 1967; 3rd edition: 1990
* Hanhart, Robert, ed. (1959), *Maccabaeorum Liber II*, SVTG 9.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53432-8
    + 2nd edition: 1976; 3rd edition: 2008; 4th edition: 2017
* , ed. (1960), *Maccabaeorum Liber III*, SVTG 9.3, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53433-5
    + 2nd edition: 1980
* Rahlfs, Alfred, ed. (1931), *Psalmi cum Odis*, SVTG 10, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53412-0
    + 2nd edition: 1967; 3rd edition: 1979
* Gentry, Peter J., ed. (2019), *Ecclesiastes*, SVTG 11.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53427-4
* Ziegler, Joseph, ed. (1982), *Iob*, SVTG 11.4, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53415-1
* , ed. (1962), *Sapientia Salomonis*, SVTG 12.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53417-5
    + 2nd edition: 1980; 3rd edition: 2017
* , ed. (1965), *Sapientia Iesu Filii Sirach*, SVTG 12.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53419-9
    + 2nd edition:1980; 3rd edition: 2015
* Albrecht, Felix, ed. (2018), *Psalmi Solomonis*, SVTG 12.3, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53450-2
* Ziegler, Joseph, ed. (1943), *Duodecim Prophetae*, SVTG 13, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53421-2
    + 2nd edition: 1967; 3rd edition: 1984; 4th edition: 2016
    + Replaced by Albrecht, Felix, ed. (2024), *Duodecim Prophetae*, SVTG 13 (5th, completely revised ed.), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53472-4
* Ziegler, Joseph, ed. (1939), *Isaias*, SVTG 14, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53424-3
    + 2nd edition: 1967; 3rd edition: 1983
* , ed. (1957), *Ieremias, Baruch, Threni, Epistula Ieremiae*, SVTG 15, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53426-7
    + 2nd edition: 1976; 3rd edition: 2005; 4th edition: 2013
* , ed. (1952), *Ezechiel*, SVTG 16.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53435-9
* , ed. (1954), *Susanna, Daniel, Bel et Draco*, SVTG 16.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ISBN 978-3-525-53446-5
    + 2nd edition: 1999 (partially revised by Olivier Munnich and Detlef Fraenkel)

### In Progress

* Cañas Reíllo, José Manuel (ed.), *Iosue*, SVTG 4.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* (ed.), *Iudices*, SVTG 4.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Aejmelaeus, Anneli (ed.), *Regnorum Liber I (Samuelis I)*, SVTG 5.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Kauhanen, Tuukka (ed.), *Regnorum Liber II (Samuelis II)*, SVTG 5.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Trebolle Barrera, Julio; Torijano, Pablo A. (eds.), *Regnorum Liber III (Regum I)*, SVTG 6.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* ;  (eds.), *Regnorum Liber IV (Regum II)*, SVTG 6.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Janz, Timothy (ed.), *Paralipomenon Liber I*, SVTG 7.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Hiebert, Robert J. V. (ed.), *Maccabaeorum Liber IV*, SVTG 9.4, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Albrecht, Felix (ed.), *Psalmi cum Odis*, SVTG 10, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Gentry, Peter J.; Schulz-Flügel, Eva (eds.), *Prouerbia*, SVTG 11.1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
* Schulz-Flügel, Eva (ed.), *Canticum*, SVTG 11.3, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht

## Citations

1. "Griechische Übersetzung des hebräischen Alten Testaments". *Niedersächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen*. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
2. https://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ioscs/editions.html.
3. Piquer Otero and Torijano Morales, "2.3.9 From de Lagarde to the Göttingen Septuagint".
4. Kratz, "100 Jahre Göttinger Septuaginta," p. 1.
5. Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," pp. 201–202.
6. Kratz, "100 Jahre Göttinger Septuaginta," p. 1.
7. Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," p. 202.
8. Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," p. 203.
9. Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," p. 203.
10. Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," p. 203.
11. "Griechische Übersetzung des hebräischen Alten Testaments". *Niedersächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen*. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
12. Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," p. 204.
13. Albrecht, "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint," p. 204.
* Albrecht, Felix. "Report on the Göttingen Septuagint." *Textus* 29.2 (2020): pp. 201–220. doi:10.1163/2589255X-bja10003
* Kratz, Reinhard G. "100 Jahre Göttinger Septuaginta." In *Die Göttinger Septuaginta: Ein editorisches Jahrhundertprojekt*, edited by Reinhard G. Kratz and Bernhard Neuschäfer, pp. 1–10. Mitteilungen des Septuaginta-Unternehmens 30. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013.
* Piquer Otero, Andrés, and Pablo Torijano Morales. "2.3.9 From de Lagarde to the Göttingen Septuagint." In *Modern Printed Editions of the Jewish Bible and Its Christian Versions*, vol. 3/2 of *Textual History of the Bible*, edited by Armin Lange. Leiden: Brill, forthcoming. \[Available online: https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/textual-history-of-the-bible/239-from-de-lagarde-to-the-gottingen-septuagint-COM\_000900#\]

## Further reading

* Albrecht, Felix. "The History of Septuagint Studies: Editions of the Septuagint." In *The Oxford Handbook of the Septuagint*, edited by Alison G. Salvesen and Timothy Michael Law, pp. 53–70. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.
* Albrecht, Felix, and Frank Feder, eds. *Editing the Septuagint: The Unfinished Task; Papers Presented at the 50th Anniversary of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies, Denver 2018*. De Septuaginta Investigationes 16. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2022.
* Kratz, Reinhard G., and Bernhard Neuschäfer, eds. *Die Göttinger Septuaginta: Ein editorisches Jahrhundertprojekt*. Mitteilungen des Septuaginta-Unternehmens 30. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013.
* Schäfer, Christian. *Alfred Rahlfs (1865–1935) und die kritische Edition der Septuaginta: Eine biographisch-wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Studie*. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 489. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2016.


title: Urs Noel Glutz von Blotzheim

abstract:
Urs Noel Glutz von Blotzheim is a Swiss zoologist, who is primarily known for his ornithological work. Glutz von Blotzheim is Professor Emeritus at the University of Bern.
He is an honorary member of the British Ornithologists' Union.

text:
# Urs Noel Glutz von Blotzheim

**Urs Noel Glutz von Blotzheim** (born 18 December 1932 in Solothurn) is a Swiss zoologist, who is primarily known for his ornithological work. Glutz von Blotzheim is Professor Emeritus at the University of Bern. He is an honorary member of the British Ornithologists' Union.

1. "DO-G: Ehren-/Korrespondierende Mitglieder". Do-g.de. Retrieved 2013-08-20.
2. "Medals and awards". British Ornithologists' Union web site. Archived from the original on 2017-03-31. Retrieved 2013-08-22.


title: Say Yes to Education

abstract: Say Yes to Education, Inc. is a U.S. non-profit organization that seeks to improve inner-city education. The main focus of Say Yes is to increase high school and college graduation rates by offering a range of support services to at-risk, economically disadvantaged youths and families, and by pledging full scholarships for a college or vocational education to children living in poverty. Say Yes is organized around local chapters and operates in the northeastern U.S. The organization also partners with other groups to provide services to disadvantaged students and their families.

text:
# Say Yes to Education

**Say Yes to Education, Inc.** (Say Yes) is a U.S. non-profit organization that seeks to improve inner-city education. The main focus of Say Yes is to increase high school and college graduation rates by offering a range of support services to at-risk, economically disadvantaged youths and families, and by pledging full scholarships for a college or vocational education to children living in poverty.

Say Yes is organized around local chapters and operates in the northeastern U.S. The organization also partners with other groups to provide services to disadvantaged students and their families.

## History

Businessman and philanthropist George A. Weiss founded Say Yes to Education, Inc. in 1987, initially making a promise to 112 sixth graders at Belmont Elementary School in Philadelphia that he would cover the expenses of their college tuition if they graduated from high school. According to David Callahan, Weiss was "directly inspired by Eugene Lang, a philanthropist who made a similar promise to sixth-graders in Harlem, New York in 1981 and then set up the 'I Have a Dream' Foundation to spread this promise to more students."

## Chapters

### Philadelphia, PA

Say Yes began in 1987 with the creation of the Belmont Program of the Philadelphia Chapter. The first students chosen to participate in the program were a group of 112 sixth grade students. Students in the Belmont Program received mentoring and tutoring services, and were provided with after-school and summer programs. Say Yes also focused on family outreach, offering social work and psychological services and administering free medical and dental care.

In 1990, the Jane and Robert Toll Program of the Philadelphia Chapter was formed. The program, sponsored by Toll Brothers' Chief Executive Officer Robert I. Toll and his wife, targeted 57 third graders at the Harrity Elementary School in West Philadelphia.

### Hartford, CT

In October 1990, the Hartford Chapter of Say Yes began when 76 fifth grade students at Annie Fisher Elementary School received a "promise of assistance with tuition costs at either the University of Hartford or other accredited post-secondary institutions." This gift from Hartford University was linked with what is now known as the Hartford Scholars Program, which provides Hartford Public School graduates with half-tuition at the university. The goals of the Hartford Chapter were to encourage and motivate at-risk students to graduate from high school and pursue post-secondary education or training; to help students learn how to make constructive decisions for their lives; and to help students become responsible, productive adults. The chapter provided a number of support programs to help students reach these goals, including after-school tutoring, individual student support services, educational summer opportunities, and recognition of student achievement; organizing overnight retreats focusing on growth and development issues such as human sexuality, respect and responsibility within relationships, and conflict resolution; monitoring the academic and personal progress of students; arranging college visits; and providing assistance to families and students with the admission process. The Hartford Chapter of Say Yes closed in June 2005.

### Cambridge, MA

The third Say Yes chapter was formed in June 1991 at the Harrington Elementary School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The original Say Yes group for the Cambridge Chapter consisted of 69 students who were beginning third grade at Harrington. The chapter was supported by a partnership between Lesley University and the Cambridge Public School District, and with funding from eight local sponsors. Lesley University provided various resources such as tutoring, counseling, academic materials, and professional development help to Harrington. The Cambridge Chapter assisted the school in its restructuring efforts by "working closely with the Harrington administration and faculty to develop strategies for team teaching and grade level cluster development, interdisciplinary and thematic teaching, career weeks, portfolio assessment, and before- and after-school programs."

### New York, NY

The New York City Harlem Program was launched in 2004 through a $50 million initiative in five elementary schools: P.S. 57, 83, 161, 180, and 182.

### Syracuse, NY

The Syracuse Say Yes to Education and Economic Development program is the first district-wide establishment of the organization. The program is a collaboration between Say Yes, Syracuse University, and the Syracuse City School District aimed at bridging the achievement gap between urban and suburban children by focusing on academic, social-emotional, health, and financial obstacles facing low-income students.

The following support systems are offered through the Syracuse Say Yes to Education program: annual and regularly reviewed individual student growth plans; tutoring; identification of strengths and weaknesses through student diagnostic testing; inclusive settings, curriculum, and support for students with disabilities and English language learners; after-school and summer school programs; counseling and family engagement; research-based academic programs such as International Baccalaureate often found in suburban schools; financial aid and college selection counseling; and mentoring.

The Syracuse Higher Education Compact is a partnership between private and public institutions to "collectively provide the opportunity for Say Yes graduates in the city of Syracuse to attend college with tuition, fees, and books paid for." As of November 2010, 23 private schools were promising Syracuse City School District students free college tuition, including Adelphi University, Bryant & Stratton College, Clarkson University, Columbia University, Cooper Union, Goodwin College, Hartwick College, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Houghton College, Le Moyne College, Manhattanville College, Marist College, Medaille College, Molloy College, New York Institute of Technology, New York University, Polytechnic University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Rochester Institute of Technology, Sarah Lawrence, Syracuse University, Tufts University, University of Pennsylvania, and University of Rochester. In addition, "SUNY and CUNY campuses are taking part with help from $1.5 million in community foundation funds." Schools participating in the Higher Education Compact require students to explore all other financial aid options before a scholarship is provided, and some of the schools place a $75,000 income cap on the scholarships.

### Buffalo, NY

In December 2011, Say Yes to Education announced that Buffalo would be its second Say Yes City in the United States.

### Guilford County, NC

Say Yes began for graduates of Guilford County Schools fall of 2016.

## Approach

Say Yes uses its services to target what the organization views as four major problem areas affecting low-income students from having access to post-secondary education: social/emotional obstacles, health obstacles, academic obstacles, and financial obstacles.

To target academic obstacles, Say Yes uses a diagnostic assessment to provide early intervention by determining the support needed for students based on each individual's strengths and weaknesses. Other services provided include after-school programs, "Power Hour" tutoring for students with the most risk of not advancing to the next grade level, encouraged parental participation, summer programs, career exploration, professional development for teachers, and Say Yes involvement in all students' Individual Education Plans.

To target health obstacles, Say Yes has "structured partnerships with hospitals and other health care providers to offer physical and mental health services as well as dental care."

For financial obstacles, Say Yes offers the students in its program scholarships to vocational institutes and two and four-year colleges. Financial assistance is also provided at these same post-secondary institutes to parents and siblings of Say Yes students.

Say Yes targets social/emotional obstacles with services such as counseling, intervention, and conflict resolution. Say Yes Program Managers, who are often licensed social workers, conduct family outreach through home visits and meetings. Program Managers "also provide information and support for Say Yes families and youth to help them select appropriate courses and navigate the college admissions process."

## Impact

Out of the 112 Belmont Program students offered a free college education in 1987, 65 graduated from high school, and 5 more received a GED. This accounts for more than 62% of the Say Yes cohort, while 26% of the students in classes preceding the group and 28% of students following the group completed high school. 44 of these 70 students pursued a post-secondary education, with 21 completing bachelor's degrees, 9 receiving associate's degrees, and 14 earning trade certificates. 34 of the original 112 students dropped out of school, and 8 students died, all but one in a violent manner.

Of the 76 students in the Hartford Chapter, 79% received a high school diploma or GED. Those students went on to complete 11 trade certificates, 7 associate's degrees, 20 bachelor's degrees, and 4 master's degrees. From the Cambridge Chapter, 87% of the original 69 students completed high school, with 72% of those graduates completing a post-secondary education.

Some of the criticism directed at Say Yes has been that while the program "might have been a noble experiment that changed lives, its results have not approached its cost." Others have argued that young, at-risk students promised a free post-secondary education "could not begin to comprehend how they were supposed to use the 'abstract' gift to graduate from college."

## Partnerships

Say Yes also has partnerships with the National Center for Restructuring Education, Schools, and Teaching; the Dean Hope Center for Psychological and Educational Services; the Reading Specialist Program; and the Science Education Program from Teachers College, Columbia University.

## Further reading

* Newberg, Norman (2006). *The Gift of Education: How a Tuition Guarantee Program Changed the Lives of Inner City Youth*. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.


title: Sander Eitrem

abstract: Sander Eitrem is a Norwegian allround speed skater. In February 2022 he competed in the 2022 World Allround Speed Skating Championships which were held at the Vikingskipet in Hamar, Norway and finished in fifth position in the overall standings. Eitrem won the 5000m event at the 2023 European Speed Skating Championships and finished second in the overall standings behind reigning European champion Patrick Roest.

text:
# Sander Eitrem

**Sander Eitrem** (born 12 February 2002) is a Norwegian allround speed skater.

In February 2022 he competed in the 2022 World Allround Speed Skating Championships which were held at the Vikingskipet in Hamar, Norway and finished in fifth position in the overall standings.

Eitrem won the 5000m event at the 2023 European Speed Skating Championships and finished second in the overall standings behind reigning European champion Patrick Roest.

## Personal records

| **Personal records** | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Speed skating** | | | | |
| Event | Result | Date | Location | Notes |
| 500 metres | 36.92 | 5 March 2022 | Vikingskipet, Hamar |  |
| 1000 metres | 1:13.28 | 1 November 2020 | Vikingskipet, Hamar |  |
| 1500 metres | 1:43.23 | 9 December 2022 | Olympic Oval, Calgary |  |
| 3000 metres | 3:44.70 | 29 January 2022 | Vikingskipet, Hamar |  |
| 5000 metres | 6:07.73 | 28 January 2024 | Utah Olympic Oval, Salt Lake City |  |
| 10000 metres | 12:56.22 | 10 March 2024 | Max Aicher Arena, Inzell |  |

He is currently in 22nd position in the adelskalender with 147.366 points.

## InfoBox

Sander Eitrem
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Norwegian |
| Born | (2002-02-12) 12 February 2002<br>Norway |
| Sport | |
| Country | Norway |
| Sport | Speed skating |
| Club | Nord-Odal IL |
| Medal record      Men's speed skating  Representing  Norway  World Single Distances Championships  2024 Calgary Team pursuit  2024 Calgary 5000 m  European Championships  2024 Heerenveen Team pursuit  2023 Hamar Allround  2024 Heerenveen 5000 m | |


title: Élysée Treaty

abstract: The Élysée Treaty was a treaty of friendship between France and West Germany, signed by President Charles de Gaulle and Chancellor Konrad Adenauer on 22 January 1963 at the Élysée Palace in Paris. With the signing of this treaty, Germany and France established a new foundation for relations, bringing an end to centuries of French–German enmity and wars.

text:
# Élysée Treaty

The **Élysée Treaty** was a treaty of friendship between France and West Germany, signed by President Charles de Gaulle and Chancellor Konrad Adenauer on 22 January 1963 at the Élysée Palace in Paris. With the signing of this treaty, Germany and France established a new foundation for relations, bringing an end to centuries of French–German enmity and wars.

## Background

FrancoGerman relations were long dominated by the idea of French–German enmity, which asserted that there was a natural rivalry between the two nations. Germany started World War II by invading Poland in 1939. France then declared war on Germany, which prompted the German invasion and occupation of France from 1940 to 1944. Afterwards, France participated in the Allied occupation of Germany from 1945 to 1949.

The post-war West German chancellor Konrad Adenauer made rapprochement between the historic rivals one of his priorities.

## Contents

The treaty called for regular consultations between France and West Germany on all important questions concerning defense, education and youth issues. It also requires regular summits between high-level officials, which implies that the Heads of State and Government have to meet at least twice a year and the Ministers of Foreign Affairs every three months, to ensure close collaboration between the two states.

The first meeting between the two heads of state took place at the private home of General de Gaulle at Colombey-les-Deux-Églises in September 1958. Since then, French and German heads of state have kept up the strong relationship, often considered as the engine of European integration.

Additionally, an interministerial commission was established to coordinate and oversee the Franco-German collaboration. It consisted of high-ranked officials of every involved ministry.

## Controversy

Just two months after the signing of the friendship treaty, a new controversy between France and West Germany occurred. President de Gaulle intended the treaty to make West Germany distance itself and eventually separate itself from its American protector. He saw West Germany (and the other member states of the European Economic Community) as vassalized by Washington. The treaty was notable in that it made no mention of the United States, United Kingdom, NATO, or the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

However, after US President John F. Kennedy expressed his displeasure about this to the West German ambassador to the United States, the Bundestag ratified the treaty with a preamble which called on France and West Germany to pursue tight cooperation with the United States; the eventual admission of the United Kingdom to the EEC; the achievement of a free trade accord in the framework of the GATT; and for the West's military integration in NATO under US leadership. This effectively emptied the Treaty of any sense (in Gaullist understanding) and put end to General de Gaulle's hopes of building the EEC into a counterweight to the US and the USSR. "The Germans are behaving like pigs. They are putting themselves completely at the Americans' service. They're betraying the spirit of the Franco-German Treaty. And they're betraying Europe." Later, in 1965, the General told his closest aides behind closed doors: "The Germans had been my greatest hope; they are my greatest disappointment."

## Aftermath

Among the direct consequences of the Treaty are the creation of the Franco-German Youth Office (l'Office Franco-allemande pour la jeunesse/Deutsch-Französisches Jugendwerk), the creation of Franco-German high schools, and the twinning between numerous French and German towns, schools and regions. Another outcome of the Treaty was the Franco-German military brigade, which was established in 1987 and is still intact.

In January 2003, the Assemblée Nationale and the Deutsche Bundestag met in Versailles to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Treaty. The choice of location was high in symbolism, as the palace had been the site of humiliation for each country, in 1871 and 1919.

New forms of bilateral coordination between the two countries were created in the course of the 40th anniversary celebration, such as the Franco-German Ministerial Council, which meets twice a year. The celebration also led to the creation for the first time of a common Franco-German History Coursebook to be used in both countries and foster a shared vision of history. The Franco-German University enables students to attain international double degrees from both countries. Additionally, a so-called Élysée-Fond was established to promote Franco-German culture projects in third countries. Also, double citizenships for French and German citizens in the opposite country are now easier to obtain, or in some cases finally possible.

Chancellor Angela Merkel and President Emmanuel Macron, along with lawmakers from both countries, called for a "new Élysée Treaty" in January 2018 on the occasion of its 55th anniversary. The so-called Aachen Treaty was signed on 22 January 2019.

## Further reading

* Peyrefitte, Alain (1997). *C'était de Gaulle, tome 2* (in French). Paris: Fayard. ISBN 9782253147688.
* Lappenküper, Ulrich (2001). *Die deutsch-französischen Beziehungen 1949–1963. Von der „Erbfeindschaft“ zur „Entente élémentaire“* (in German). Munich: Oldenbourg. ISBN 3-486-56522-2.
* Baumann, Ansbert (2002). *Die organisierte Zusammenarbeit. Die deutsch-französischen Beziehungen am Vorabend des Élysée-Vertrags (1958–1962)*. DFI Compact (in German). Ludwigsburg: Franco-German Institute. ISSN 1619-8441.
* Baumann, Ansbert (2003). *Begegnung der Völker? Der Élysée-Vertrag und die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Deutsch-französische Kulturpolitik von 1963 bis 1969* (in German). Frankfurt: Peter Lang. ISBN 3-631-50539-6.
* Defrance, Corine; Pfeil, Ulrich (2005). *Der Élysée-Vertrag und die deutsch-französischen Beziehungen 1945–1963–2003* (in German). Munich: Oldenbourg. ISBN 3-486-57678-X.
* Defrance, Corine; Pfeil, Ulrich (2012). *La France, l’Allemagne et le traité de l’Élysée, 1963–2013* (in French). Paris: CNRS. ISBN 978-2-271-07488-1.

## InfoBox

Élysée Treaty
| Treaty between the French Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany on French-German Cooperation | |
| --- | --- |
| Original treaty document with signatures | |
| Type | Friendship Treaty |
| Context |  |
| Signed | 22 January 1963 (1963-01-22) |
| Location | Élysée Palace, Paris |
| Original<br>signatories |  |
| Parties |  |
| Languages |  |
| Full text | |
| Élysée Treaty at Wikisource | |


abstract: The Taekwondo competition in the 2009 Summer Universiade were held in Belgrade, Serbia.

text:
# Taekwondo at the 2009 Summer Universiade

The **Taekwondo** competition in the 2009 Summer Universiade were held in Belgrade, Serbia.

## Medal overview

### Men's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Individual Poomsae | Lee Ki-Sung (KOR) | Nguyen Dinh Toan (VIE) | Shaker Ahmed El-Hamy (EGY) |
| | | | Mikel Martinez Del Rio (ESP) |
| Team Poomsae | South Korea (KOR)
Ji Ho-Yong
Lee Ki-Sung
Lee Sang-Mok | Vietnam (VIE)
Le Trung Anh
Nguyen Dinh Toan
Vu Thanh Duong | Egypt (EGY)
Shaker Ahmed El-Hamy
Karim El-Araby
Abdel-Fattah Ahmed |
| | | | Iran (IRI)
Sina Khalash
Ali Nadali
Hamid Nazari |
| Under 54 kg | Cheon Yong (KOR) | Remzi Başakbuğday (TUR) | Cheng Chia-Ching (TPE) |
| | | | Chutchawal Khawlaor (THA) |
| Under 58 kg | Moon Kil-Sang (KOR) | Ninoslav Babić (SRB) | Onur Cam (TUR) |
| | | | Kengo Uchimura (JPN) |
| Under 62 kg | Rafik Zohri (NED) | Kim Taek-Kyu (KOR) | Dmitry Frank (RUS) |
| | | | Stevan Rašić (SRB) |
| Under 67 kg | Diogo Silva (BRA) | Lee Soon-Kil (KOR) | Terrence Jennings (USA) |
| | | | Thanawut Klinkhachon (THA) |
| Under 72 kg | Alireza Nasr Azadani (IRI) | Torann Maizeroi (FRA) | Sebastian Lehmann (GER) |
| | | | Patiwat Thongsalap (THA) |
| Under 78 kg | Rouhollah Talebi (IRI) | Sergey Dozortsev (RUS) | Baek Sun-Hong (KOR) |
| | | | Arman Yeremyan (ARM) |
| Under 84 kg | Mehran Askari (IRI) | Ivan Nikitin (RUS) | Ihar Rasakhatski (BLR) |
| | | | Serdar Yüksel (TUR) |
| Over 84 kg | Roman Kuznetsov (RUS) | Hossein Tajik (IRI) | Salvador Pérez (MEX) |
| | | | Robert Vossen (GER) |

### Women's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Individual Poomsae | Laura Kim (ESP) | Hwang Cho-Rong (KOR) | Ammar Rohanda El-Said (EGY) |
| | | | Stefania Pinga (ITA) |
| Team Poomsae | South Korea (KOR)
Ahn Jin-Young
Hwang Cho-Rong
Lee Han-Na | China (CHN)
Feng Lu
Xie Xiao
Zhang Lisha | Mexico (MEX)
Iliana González
Ollin Medina
Sahra Padilla |
| | | | Serbia (SRB)
Nataša Bajić
Sanja Kopcanski
Marijana Suzuković |
| Under 47 kg | Park Hyo-Ji (KOR) | Zhang Qiang (CHN) | Kristina Kim (RUS) |
| | | | Ting Ju-Yi (TPE) |
| Under 51 kg | Manuela Bezzola (SUI) | Yang Shu-Chun (TPE) | Janete Alegria (MEX) |
| | | | Chanatip Sonkham (THA) |
| Under 55 kg | Tseng Yi-Hsuan (TPE) | Wu Qiong (CHN) | Nam Jin-Ah (KOR) |
| | | | Sarita Pongsri (THA) |
| Under 59 kg | Jung Jin-Hee (KOR) | Tseng Pei-Hua (TPE) | Pamela Valente (ITA) |
| | | | Martina Zubčić (CRO) |
| Under 63 kg | Estefanía Hernández (ESP) | Premwaew Chonnapas (THA) | Chang Chiung-Fang (TPE) |
| | | | Marlene Harnois (FRA) |
| Under 67 kg | Gulnafis Aitmukhambetova (KAZ) | Petra Matijašević (CRO) | Maria Chugaeva (RUS) |
| | | | Lee Seon-Hyeong (KOR) |
| Under 72 kg | Gwladys Épangue (FRA) | Oh Hye-Ri (KOR) | Reshmie Oogink (NED) |
| | | | Andrijana Ćirić (SRB) |
| Over 72 kg | Natália Falavigna (BRA) | Han Yingying (CHN) | Büşra Yıldız (TUR) |
| | | | Rapatkorn Prasopsuk (THA) |

### Mixed events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pair Poomsae | Spain (ESP)
Laura Kim
Mikel Martinez Del Rio | China (CHN)
Deng Yan
Guo Yan | South Korea (KOR)
Ahn Jin-Young
Lee Sang-Mok |
| | | | Vietnam (VIE)
Le Trung Anh
Nguyen Thi Thu Ngan |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | South Korea (KOR) | 7 | 4 | 4 | 15 |
| 2 | Iran (IRI) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 3 | Spain (ESP) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 4 | Brazil (BRA) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 7 | France (FRA) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 8 | Netherlands (NED) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 9 | Kazakhstan (KAZ) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| | Switzerland (SUI) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 11 | China (CHN) | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 12 | Vietnam (VIE) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 13 | Thailand (THA) | 0 | 1 | 6 | 7 |
| 14 | Serbia (SRB) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| | Turkey (TUR) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 16 | Croatia (CRO) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 17 | Egypt (EGY) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| | Mexico (MEX) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 19 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 21 | Armenia (ARM) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Belarus (BLR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Japan (JPN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | United States (USA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (24 entries) | | 21 | 21 | 42 | 84 |

## InfoBox

| Taekwondo
at the XXV Summer Universiade | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Belgrade Fair |
| Dates | July 1, 2009 (2009-07-01) – July 6, 2009 (2009-07-06) |
|


title: Sander Greenland

abstract: Sander Greenland is an American statistician and epidemiologist with many contributions to statistical and epidemiologic methods including Bayesian and causal inference, bias analysis, and meta-analysis. His focus has been the extensions, limitations, and misuses of statistical methods in nonexperimental studies, especially in postmarketing surveillance of drugs, vaccines, and medical devices. He received honors Bachelor's and master's degrees in mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley, where he was Regent's and National Science Foundation Fellow in Mathematics, and then received Master's and Doctoral degrees in epidemiology from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he was Regent's Fellow in Epidemiology. After serving as an assistant professor of biostatistics at Harvard, he joined the UCLA Epidemiology faculty in 1980 where he became Professor of Epidemiology in the Fielding School of Public Health in 1989, and Professor of Statistics in the UCLA College of Letters and Science in 1999. He moved to Emeritus status in 2012 and the following year he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Medicine by the University of Aarhus, Denmark. Dr. Greenland has published over 400 scientific papers and book chapters, over a dozen of which have been cited over a thousand times and several over two thousand times, including and one of which was chosen as a discussion paper by the Royal Statistical Society. He is the co-author of a leading advanced textbook on epidemiology. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society in 1993 and a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1998, and has received numerous teaching and service awards. He has been an invited lecturer at over 200 scientific institutions worldwide including Harvard, Oxford, Cambridge, Columbia, Stanford, Yale, and Erasmus universities, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the National Institutes of Health, the Santa Fe Institute, and the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. He has also served as a consultant to U.S. governmental agencies including the National Academy of Sciences, the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control, and the Environmental Protection Agency, as well the World Health Organization. He has further served as an editor for statistical and epidemiologic journals and books including the Dictionary of Epidemiology sponsored by the International Epidemiological Association. He is a leading critic of arbitrary significance thresholds in science and has drawn attention to misunderstandings of p-values.

text:
# Sander Greenland

**Sander Greenland** (born January 16, 1951) is an American statistician and epidemiologist with many contributions to statistical and epidemiologic methods including Bayesian and causal inference, bias analysis, and meta-analysis. His focus has been the extensions, limitations, and misuses of statistical methods in nonexperimental studies, especially in postmarketing surveillance of drugs, vaccines, and medical devices. He received honors Bachelor's and master's degrees in mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley, where he was Regent's and National Science Foundation Fellow in Mathematics, and then received Master's and Doctoral degrees in epidemiology from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he was Regent's Fellow in Epidemiology. After serving as an assistant professor of biostatistics at Harvard, he joined the UCLA Epidemiology faculty in 1980 where he became Professor of Epidemiology in the Fielding School of Public Health in 1989, and Professor of Statistics in the UCLA College of Letters and Science in 1999. He moved to Emeritus status in 2012 and the following year he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Medicine by the University of Aarhus, Denmark.

Dr. Greenland has published over 400 scientific papers and book chapters, over a dozen of which have been cited over a thousand times and several over two thousand times, including and one of which was chosen as a discussion paper by the Royal Statistical Society. He is the co-author of a leading advanced textbook on epidemiology (currently in its 3rd edition). He was made a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society in 1993 and a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1998, and has received numerous teaching and service awards. He has been an invited lecturer at over 200 scientific institutions worldwide including Harvard, Oxford, Cambridge, Columbia, Stanford, Yale, and Erasmus universities, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the National Institutes of Health, the Santa Fe Institute, and the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. He has also served as a consultant to U.S. governmental agencies including the National Academy of Sciences, the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control, and the Environmental Protection Agency, as well the World Health Organization. He has further served as an editor for statistical and epidemiologic journals and books including the Dictionary of Epidemiology sponsored by the International Epidemiological Association.

He is a leading critic of arbitrary significance thresholds in science and has drawn attention to misunderstandings of p-values.

## InfoBox

| Sander Greenland | |
| --- | --- |
| Greenland in 2018 | |
| Born | (1951-01-16) January 16, 1951 |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | University of California, Los Angeles
University of California, Berkeley |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Statistics
Epidemiology |
| Institutions | University of California, Los Angeles |
| Doctoral advisor | Raymond Neutra |
|  | |


title: 1881 Wimbledon Championship

abstract: The 1881 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 2 to 13 July. It was the 5th edition of the Wimbledon Championships, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1881. The defending champion John Hartley lost in straight sets in the final to challenger William Renshaw, who defeated Hartley in 37 minutes, 6–0, 6–1, 6–1. The result is said to have been influenced by Hartley suffering from an attack of 'English cholera'.

text:
# 1881 Wimbledon Championship

The **1881 Wimbledon Championships** took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 2 to 13 July. It was the 5th edition of the Wimbledon Championships, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1881. The defending champion John Hartley lost in straight sets in the final to challenger William Renshaw, who defeated Hartley in 37 minutes, 6–0, 6–1, 6–1. The result is said to have been influenced by Hartley suffering from an attack of 'English cholera'.

## Singles

### Final

William Renshaw defeated  John Hartley, 6–0, 6–1, 6–1

### All Comers' Final

William Renshaw defeated  Richard Richardson, 6–4, 6–2, 6–3

## InfoBox

| 1881 Wimbledon Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 2 – 13 July |
| Edition | 5th |
| Category | Grand Slam |
| Surface | Grass |
| Location | Worple Road
SW19, Wimbledon,
London, United Kingdom |
| Venue | All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| William Renshaw | |
|  | |


title: Ursuline High School, Wimbledon

abstract: The Ursuline High School, Wimbledon is a voluntary-aided, Roman Catholic Secondary School for girls aged 11 to 19. The school is based at Crescent Road and the Downs, Wimbledon, London. It was founded in 1892 by the Ursulines. It is affiliated with The Ursuline Preparatory School, its previous feeder preparatory school, as well as Wimbledon College, the high school's brother school, who have worked in partnership since 1986 and share joint Sixth Form. The school specialises in Business & Enterprise and Modern Foreign Languages and it was previously designated a Gifted & Talented Lead School.

text:
# Ursuline High School, Wimbledon

**The Ursuline High School, Wimbledon** (“the Ursuline”) is a voluntary-aided, Roman Catholic Secondary School for girls aged 11 to 19. The school is based at Crescent Road and the Downs, Wimbledon, London. It was founded in 1892 by the Ursulines. It is affiliated with The Ursuline Preparatory School, its previous feeder preparatory school, as well as Wimbledon College, the high school's brother school, who have worked in partnership since 1986 and share joint Sixth Form. The school specialises in Business & Enterprise and Modern Foreign Languages and it was previously designated a Gifted & Talented Lead School.

## Pastoral care

Each year is split into seven tutor groups: Angela, Bernadette, Catherine, Francis, Margaret, Teresa, Ursula. A peer mentoring programme is in place where sixth form girls are paired with younger girls. Counselling is available through the Youth Awareness Programme, the Ursuline Sisters and the Cabrini Society.

## Facilities

\- Lunch Building

## Notable former pupils

## InfoBox

| Ursuline High School | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Crescent Road
Wimbledon, Greater London, SW20 8HA
England | |
| Coordinates | 51°24′50″N 0°13′22″W / 51.4140°N 0.2227°W / 51.4140; -0.2227 |
| Information | |
| Type | Voluntary aided comprehensive |
| Motto | *Serviam*
("I will serve") |
| Religious affiliation(s) | Roman Catholic (Ursulines) |
| Established | 1892 |
| Local authority | Merton |
| Department for Education URN | 102683 Tables |
| Ofsted | Reports |
| Headteacher | Eoin Kelly |
| Gender | Girls |
| Age | 11 to 19 |
| Enrolment | 1299 |
| Colour(s) | blue |
| Website | http://www.ursulinehigh.merton.sch.uk/ |


title: Byalkovo

abstract: Byalkovo is a village in Gabrovo Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

text:
# Byalkovo

**Byalkovo** is a village in Gabrovo Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

## InfoBox

| Byalkovo | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Byalkovo | |
| Coordinates: 42°57′N 25°16′E / 42.950°N 25.267°E / 42.950; 25.267 | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Province | Gabrovo Province |
| Municipality | Gabrovo |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: FC Slavia Karlovy Vary

abstract: FC Slavia Karlovy Vary is a football club located in Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic. The club currently plays in the Czech Fourth Division. The club took part in the Bohemian Football League, which is the third tier of the Czech football system, between 2003 and 2014, and again between 2018 and 2024.

text:
# FC Slavia Karlovy Vary

**FC Slavia Karlovy Vary** is a football club located in Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic. The club currently plays in the Czech Fourth Division. The club took part in the Bohemian Football League, which is the third tier of the Czech football system, between 2003 and 2014, and again between 2018 and 2024.

## Historical names

* 1928 *SK Slavia Karlovy Vary*
* 2001 *SK BULDOCI Karlovy Vary-Dvory*
* 2007 *FC BULDOCI Karlovy Vary*
* 2009 *1. FC Karlovy Vary a.s.*
* 2017 *FC Slavia Karlovy Vary*

## InfoBox

FC Slavia Karlovy Vary
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Football Club Slavia Karlovy Vary |
| Founded | 1928 (1928) |
| Ground | Stadion Karlovy Vary-Dvory |
| Capacity | 2,000 |
| Chairman | Stanislav Štípek |
| Manager | Robert Žák |
| League | Czech Fourth Division – Divize B |
| 2023–24 | Bohemian Football League A, 15th (relegated) |
| Website | Club website |


title: San Francisco del Mar

abstract: San Francisco del Mar is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. It is part of the Juchitán District in the west of the Istmo de Tehuantepec region.

text:
# San Francisco del Mar

**San Francisco del Mar**  is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. It is part of the Juchitán District in the west of the Istmo de Tehuantepec region.

## Geography

The municipality covers an area of 400.61 km² at an elevation of 10 meters above sea level on the Pacific coast. The climate is warm, subhumid with summer rains and strong winds blowing from south to north.

### Flora and fauna

Flora include trees and shrubs such as Guanacaste, Tepehuaje, Pochote, Tepescohuite, Mango, Lemon, Tamarind and Coconut. Wild fauna include Coyote, Mazatec, Bobcat, Opossum, Armadillo and Pigeon.

## Demography

As of 2005, the municipality had 1,517 households with a total population of 6,874 of whom 926 spoke an indigenous language. The municipality is home to the Huave people, who speak a unique language unrelated to any other.

## Economy

The main economic activity is fishing, The people also grow maize, sorghum, sesame, watermelon, melon, and mango, and raise some livestock. Tourists are attracted for sport fishing and for the traditional festival in April.

## InfoBox

| San Francisco del Mar | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality and town | |
| San Francisco del MarLocation in Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 16°20′N 94°31′W / 16.333°N 94.517°W / 16.333; -94.517 | |
| Country | Mexico |
| State | Oaxaca |
| Area | |
| Total | 400.61 km2 (154.68 sq mi) |
| Population (2005) | |
| Total | 6,874 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central Standard Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (Central Daylight Time) |


title: John Sutro

abstract: John Sutro was a British film producer. He produced seven films between 1941 and 1951. He was a member of the jury at the 7th Berlin International Film Festival.

text:
# John Sutro

**John Sutro** (23 April 1903  18 June 1985) was a British film producer. He produced seven films between 1941 and 1951. He was a member of the jury at the 7th Berlin International Film Festival.

## Education

At Oxford Sutro conceived the Railway Club, which was dominated by Harold Acton. The other members included: Henry Yorke, Roy Harrod, Henry Thynne, 6th Marquess of Bath, David Plunket Greene, Edward Henry Charles James Fox-Strangways, 7th Earl of Ilchester, Brian Howard, Michael Parsons, 6th Earl of Rosse, Hugh Lygon, Bryan Guinness, 2nd Baron Moyne, Patrick Balfour, 3rd Baron Kinross, Mark Ogilvie-Grant, John Drury-Lowe and Evelyn Waugh.

## Personal life

He was a close friend of the Mitford sisters and was a regular part of the group of artists and intellectuals with whom they regularly associated in the 1920s and 1930s. Sutro was Jewish.

## Filmography

## InfoBox

| John Sutro | |
| --- | --- |
| Railway Club at Oxford. Left to right, back: Henry Yorke, Roy Harrod, Henry Weymouth, David Plunket Greene, Harry Stavordale, Brian Howard. Middle row: Michael Rosse, John Sutro, Hugh Lygon, Harold Acton, Bryan Guinness, Patrick Balfour, Mark Ogilvie-Grant, Johnny Drury-Lowe; front: porters. | |
| Born | (1903-04-23)23 April 1903
London, England |
| Died | 18 June 1985(1985-06-18) (aged 82)
Monte Carlo, Monaco |
| Occupation | Film producer |
| Years active | 1925–1967 |


title: Samuel Cole (settler)

abstract: Samuel Cole was an early settler of Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, arriving with the Winthrop Fleet in 1630. He was an innkeeper and confectioner, and in 1634 established the first house of entertainment in the colony, called Cole's Inn and referenced by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in his play John Endicott as the Three Mariners. Born by 1597, Cole and his family arrived in New England with John Winthrop in 1630, and established themselves on the Shawmut Peninsula, which soon became the town of Boston. He and his wife Ann were among the earliest members of the Boston church, having joined in the autumn of 1630. He opened the first tavern in the area on 4 March 1634 in what later became downtown Boston, but in 1645 relocated his business to the future Merchants Row between State Street and Faneuil Hall. Cole's establishment was a center of social and political life in Boston, and Governor Henry Vane had brought the Narragansett Indian sachem Miantonomoh, with his retinue, for a meal there. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow included Cole and his house of entertainment in his play John Endicott set in the early 1660s. As a member of the Boston Church, Cole was caught up in the Antinomian Controversy that shook the young colony between 1636 and 1638. He signed a petition in support of the minister John Wheelwright who was banished from the colony, and after being threatened with losing his weapons, he signed a remission, calling his support of Wheelwright an error. While during the early days of the colony Cole was considered well off, and contributed to various causes, by 1661 he was suffering financial losses and in June of that year was granted 300 acres of land for being a respected and useful member of the community. Cole was married three times, and had at least four children, all with his first wife, Ann. His son, John, married Susanna, the only person to survive the massacre killing her famed mother, Anne Hutchinson, and many of her siblings. Cole wrote his will in December 1666, and died in Boston shortly thereafter, with his will being proved the following February.

text:
# Samuel Cole (settler)

**Samuel Cole** (c. 1597–1666/67) was an early settler of Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, arriving with the Winthrop Fleet in 1630. He was an innkeeper and confectioner, and in 1634 established the first house of entertainment in the colony, called *Cole's Inn* and referenced by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in his play *John Endicott* as the *Three Mariners*.

Born by 1597, Cole and his family arrived in New England with John Winthrop in 1630, and established themselves on the Shawmut Peninsula, which soon became the town of Boston. He and his wife Ann were among the earliest members of the Boston church, having joined in the autumn of 1630. He opened the first tavern in the area on 4 March 1634 in what later became downtown Boston, but in 1645 relocated his business to the future Merchants Row between State Street and Faneuil Hall. Cole's establishment was a center of social and political life in Boston, and Governor Henry Vane had brought the Narragansett Indian sachem Miantonomoh, with his retinue, for a meal there. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow included Cole and his house of entertainment in his play *John Endicott* set in the early 1660s.

As a member of the Boston Church, Cole was caught up in the Antinomian Controversy that shook the young colony between 1636 and 1638. He signed a petition in support of the minister John Wheelwright who was banished from the colony, and after being threatened with losing his weapons, he signed a remission, calling his support of Wheelwright an error. While during the early days of the colony Cole was considered well off, and contributed to various causes, by 1661 he was suffering financial losses and in June of that year was granted 300 acres of land for being a respected and useful member of the community. Cole was married three times, and had at least four children, all with his first wife, Ann. His son, John, married Susanna, the only person to survive the massacre killing her famed mother, Anne Hutchinson, and many of her siblings. Cole wrote his will in December 1666, and died in Boston shortly thereafter, with his will being proved the following February.

## Life

Samuel Cole, born by about 1597, arrived in Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony with the Winthrop Fleet in 1630, being accompanied by his wife Ann, and likely all four of his known children. Several online accounts say that Cole was from Mersea in Essex, but it was the first husband of his second wife who came from that place, and Anderson finds no evidence supporting this provenance for him. He and his wife joined the Boston church as members #42 and #43, indicating that they joined in the autumn of 1630. He requested to be made a freeman on 19 October 1630, and took the freeman's oath the following May.

Boston magistrate John Winthrop wrote in his journal on the date of 4 March 1634 that "Samuel Cole set up the first house for common entertainment," this being the first tavern or inn in the colony. While claims have been made that this was the first tavern in the American colonies, there is evidence that it was predated by about 20 years in Jamestown, Virginia. The establishment is commonly called Cole's Inn, but was called the *Three Mariners* by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in his play, *John Endicott*. Cole, besides being called an innkeeper, styled himself as a confectioner and "comfitmaker" in several deeds. In August 1636 he attended a meeting of the town's wealthier inhabitants, and donated 10 shillings towards the maintenance for a master of a free school. Also in 1636, the colony's governor, Henry Vane brought the Narragansett Indian sachem Miantonomoh, with his retinue, to Boston, and they were served a meal there. Drake, wondering how the guests were seated since the natives were not accustomed to chairs, surmised that they all sat on the floor in a circle, with the pot of meat placed in the middle.

As with most members of the Boston church, Cole became caught up in the events of the Antinomian Controversy in 1636 and 1637, and signed a petition on behalf of the Reverend John Wheelwright who was later banished from the colony. On 20 November 1637 Cole was disarmed for this participation, and rather than give up his weapons, he, two days later, was the first to sign an acknowledgment that "it was ill done, and unwarrantably, as transgressing therein the rule of due honor to authority, and of modesty, and submission in private persons, and therefore I desire my name may be put out of it."

On the last day of February 1638, Cole sold the southern part of a new mansion house in Boston where he "lately dwelled" to Captain Robert Sedgwicke of Charlestown for £200. The other half of the house was "assured to" Thomas Mariott and others. This same year the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company was founded, and he was one of its charter members. On 20 May 1645 Cole sold his inn to George Halsell, and on the same day bought another property of Valentine Hill where he opened a new inn. The location of this new establishment relative to later landmarks was on the west side of Merchants Row, about midway between State Street and Faneuil Hall. Frank Cole called it "a famous old inn \[that\] entertained many of the illustrious guests of the time," and also noted that Samuel Cole "had the usual experience of the publican under the rule of the Puritan" and was fined several times for overcharging his customers and had his license taken away for a time.

In addition to being the proprietor of an inn, Cole was briefly active in the affairs of the town, and from 1653 to 1657 he served as a Boston selectman, as well as being a sealer of weights and measures in 1654. While during the early days of the colony Cole was considered well off, and contributed to various causes, by 1661 he was suffering financial losses. In June of that year the General Court made a grant to him, stating that "considering that Mr. Cole was an ancient adventurer in the public stock and hath been long out of his money, been at great charges and loss in this business, hath approved himself respective and serviceable to the Court, the Court judgeth it meet to grant Mr. Samuel Cole three hundred acres..." Cole wrote his will on 21 December 1666, and died shortly thereafter, with the will proven the following February.

## In literature

> "But the Three Mariners is an orderly house,
> Most orderly, quiet, and respectable.
> Lord Leigh said he could be as quiet here
> As at the Governor's. And have I not
> King Charles Twelve Good Rules, all framed and glazed
> Hanging in my best parlor?."

Samuel Cole in Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's, *John Endicott*

Cole is featured during a scene in Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's play entitled *John Endicott*, about the Bay colony's sometimes fiery governor. The play takes place in the early 1660s, shortly after four Quakers, known as the Boston martyrs, have been executed in Boston. During a conversation at Cole's Inn, Cole discusses his house of entertainment. The reference to Lord Leigh concerns the time when Lord Ley, Earl of Marlborough visited Boston, shortly after Henry Vane lost the governorship to John Winthrop in May 1637. Though invited to lodge at Winthrop's house, the young aristocrat preferred to stay at Cole's Inn, saying that it was well governed, and that he could be as private there as elsewhere. This was one of many slights endured by Winthrop during the colony's difficulties from 1636 to 1638.

## Family

Cole's first wife, Ann, died shortly after their arrival in New England, by one account, but certainly before October 1647, at which time Cole was married to the widow Margaret Green, a daughter-in-law of Isaac Green of Mersey, Essex, England. Following the death of his second wife, he married in Boston on 16 October 1660 Ann (Mansfield) Keayne, the widow of Robert Keayne. Ann's sister Elizabeth was the wife of Boston minister John Wilson.

Cole's children were all with his first wife, and very likely all born in England. Catherine (born roughly 1622) married Edmund Gross and Elizabeth (born roughly 1624) married Edward Weeden, the son of Samuel. The only known son, John (born 1625), married in Boston on 30 December 1651 Susanna Hutchinson, the only child of William and Anne Hutchinson to survive the Indian massacre in New Netherland that killed her mother and many of her siblings. Susanna had been taken captive for several years before being returned to family members in Boston. The Hutchinsons had been very close neighbors of the Coles in Boston before Mrs. Hutchinson was forced to leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony in early 1638 following the events of the Antinomian Controversy. The fourth child of Samuel and Ann Cole was Mary (born roughly 1628) who first married a Mr. "Gawdren" (a name not known in early New England at this time and possibly a corruption of another name), and married second on 7 January 1652/3 Edmund Jackson. Among Cole's well known descendants, through his son John, are Stephen Arnold Douglas, who lost to Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 presidential election, and Willard Mitt Romney, who lost to incumbent Barack Obama in 2012.

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Samuel Cole | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | by about 1597 |
| Died | winter 1666–1667
Boston, Massachusetts |
| Education | signed documents; inventory included several books |
| Occupation(s) | Innkeeper, confectioner |
| Spouse(s) | (1) Ann \_______
(2) Margaret (\________) Greene
(3) Ann (Mansfield) Keayne |
| Children | (all with 1st wife) Catherine, Elizabeth, John, Mary |


title: 1886 Yass Plains colonial by-election

text:
# 1886 Yass Plains colonial by-election

A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Yass Plains on 20 December 1886 because of the resignation of Louis Heydon.

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| --- | --- |
| 29 November 1886 | Louis Heydon resigned. |
| 2 December 1886 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 15 December 1886 | Nominations |
| 20 December 1886 | Polling day |
| 10 January 1887 | Return of writ |

## Candidates

* Thomas Colls was a long time resident of the district, having been a hotel proprietor before his retirement in 1879, an alderman on the council of the Municipality of Yass and former Mayor of Yass. This was the first occasion in which he stood for parliament.

## Result

1886 Yass Plains by-election
Monday 20 December
| Candidate | | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Thomas Colls (elected) | | 603 | 54.2 |
| Richard Colonna-Close | | 509 | 45.8 |
| Total formal votes | | 1,112 | 100.0 |
| Informal votes | | 0 | 0.0 |
| Turnout | | 1,112 | 57.0 |


title: F.C. Humber United

abstract: FC Humber United was a football club based in Dunswell in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

text:
# F.C. Humber United

**FC Humber United** was a football club based in Dunswell in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

## History

The club was originally formed as **AFC Rovers** and played in the East Riding County League. They were Division Two runners-up in 2008–09, earning promotion to Division One. The club went on to win the Division One title the following season and were promoted to the Premier Division. After winning the Premier Division title in 2013–14, they moved up to Division One of the Humber Premier League. They were Division One champions the following season, securing promotion to the Premier Division.

In 2016 the club was taken over by Jamie Waltham after he bought the Dunswell Park ground, and were renamed **East Yorkshire Carnegie** named after Andrew Carnegie, whose values of "Development, Success and Humanity" were included on the club badge. The new club joined the Premier Division of the Humber Premier League and finished fifth in their first season, earning promotion to Division One of the Northern Counties East League.

In April 2019 it was announced that the club would be renamed **East Hull** at the start of the 2019–20 season, changing again to **FC Humber United** in 2021.

In May 2022 the club announced that subject to FA ratification, they were planning to relocate to Askern, Doncaster and merge with the Askern Miners due to being unable to secure a financially viable home ground in East Yorkshire. The following month they announced the club would fold due to the planned merger with Askern Miners falling through.

## Honours

* **Humber Premier League**
    + Division One champions 2014–15
* **East Riding County League**
    + Premier Division champions 2013–14
    + Division One champions 2009–10

## InfoBox

FC Humber United
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | FC Humber United |
| Dissolved | June 2022 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |