title: Dark Angel: The Ascent

abstract: Dark Angel: The Ascent is a 1994 Romanian / American romantic supernatural horror film directed by Linda Hassani. It was released direct-to-video by Full Moon Entertainment.

text:
# Dark Angel: The Ascent

***Dark Angel: The Ascent*** is a 1994 Romanian / American romantic supernatural horror film directed by Linda Hassani. It was released direct-to-video by Full Moon Entertainment.

## Plot

Veronica (Angela Featherstone) is a young demoness with a rebellious attitude who dreams of living among human beings on Earth. She is constantly talking out of turn and questioning the ways of the demon resulting in punishment after punishment. Fed up with this, her father, Hellikan (Nicholas Worth), tries to kill her but her mother, Theresa (Charlotte Stewart), stops Hellikan and Veronica escapes with her hellhound, Hellraiser. Her friend, Mary, shows her a secret opening to the Earth above; she passes through the opening and arrives in the middle of a city via the sewers. As she steps onto Earth her demon form sheds and her appearance becomes human. As a result, she is naked. Veronica finds some clothes, but as she is wandering she is hit by a car.

Dr. Max Barris, a doctor at the nearby hospital, witnesses the accident and tends to her wounds. Despite her odd behavior he soon finds himself getting attached to her. Veronica persuades him to let her stay at his house since she has nowhere else to go. At Max's house she witnesses countless horrors on the news and is saddened by the sinful state of the world and by how evil the local mayor is.

Veronica starts going out at night and witnesses a pair of street muggers attack a woman with clear intent to rape her. She intervenes and kills them, causing the police to start investigating. The woman is sent to the hospital because she can't stop talking about how people need to repent since the world is in the last days. Later Veronica kills two white policemen for needlessly harassing and beating a black civilian. In both murders Hellraiser eats some of the victims' flesh. She leaves a threatening note to the mayor and some of her hospital clothes at the second crime scene. Detectives who are on the case notify the mayor and then go to Max's house to follow the hospital lead. Veronica is home alone and alludes to the fact that the men who were killed were all evil, just like the mayor, causing the detectives to suspect her. At Veronica'a home, her mother is spoken to by a messenger from heaven saying that Veronica was chosen by God to help cleanse the world of sin.

The detectives start tailing Veronica and follow her and Max to a pornographic film where she spots them and a nightclub. At the nightclub an old friend of Max's starts flirting with him but Max rebuffs her. Veronica insults her and after the friend leaves Veronica follows her to the bathroom with the intent to kill her for coveting. In the bathroom a frightened man hiding with a woman in one of the stalls stabs Veronica with a switchblade, causing her to falter. Max's friend escapes but the senior detective appears at the door. Veronica telepathically shows him the horrors that await sinners for eternity in her home. He becomes incoherent and later tries to take himself off the case.

Max and Veronica leave the nightclub, and Max sews her wound without anesthetic. They have sex and Veronica's true demon form appears. Max accepts her and asks if she is responsible for the recent murders. She admits she is and repeats they were evil people. After Max falls asleep Veronica goes to the mayor's house and shows him the same telepathic message of eternal suffering in hell as before. The mayor screams in agony and as she runs away from the property, one of the mayor's guards shoots her in the back.

Veronica's parents receive another message that she must be taken home to bathe in the river Styx which will heal her. As Veronica arrives at Max's apartment he tells her they need to go to a hospital. The heavenly messenger appears and tells them Veronica needs to go home instead. Although unsure if Veronica will return, Max accepts and Veronica leaves.

A few days later, Veronica appears in Max's room in a ball of fire. Upon seeing her, Max says "Thank God!"

## Cast

## Reception

*Visions* magazine said the film is "a direct-to-video triumph". *Starburst* called the film "cheesy good fun". *Fangoria* gave a positive review and said that "Dark Angel is genuinely a lot of fun".

## InfoBox

| Dark Angel: The Ascent | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Linda Hassani |
| Written by | Matthew Bright |
| Produced by | Oana Paunescu
Vlad Paunescu |
| Starring | Angela Featherstone
Daniel Markel |
| Cinematography | Vivi Dragan Vasile |
| Music by | Fuzzbee Morse |
| Production
company | Full Moon Features |
| Distributed by | CIC Video |
| Release date | * 31 August 1994 (1994-08-31) |
| Running time | 81 minutes |
| Countries | Romania
United States |
| Language | English |


title: Bromheads Jacket

abstract: Bromheads Jacket are a three-piece British post punk band originating from Sheffield, England.

text:
# Bromheads Jacket

**Bromheads Jacket** (briefly **Bromheads**) are a three-piece British post punk band originating from Sheffield, England.

## History

Bromheads formed in Sheffield in 2005, following the split of a band called Fixated. Although often compared to other Sheffield bands who found fame around the same time, such as Arctic Monkeys and Milburn, the band is heavier than others in their scene. Their style also differs due to singer Tim Hampton's southern England accent (he was raised in Yateley, Hampshire).

The band released the singles "Woolley Bridge", "What Ifs + Maybes", "Trip to the Golden Arches"', "Lesley Parlafitt", and "Speaker Box", all released on the Marquis Chacha label. They went on several tours of the UK, and also played across Europe, including in Spain (at the Summercase Festival), Austria, Germany, and the Netherlands. In 2005, they joined the nationwide Club NME tour, and played at South By Southwest in Austin, Texas.

Their first album, *Dits from the Commuter Belt*, was released on 13 November 2006, and was followed by a tour of over 30 gigs around the UK supported by the Middlesbrough group The Oxfam Glamour Models. They have also played at the London Calling festival in Amsterdam on three occasions, twice in 2006 and once in 2008.

In 2006, the band recorded a cover of The Streets' single "When You Wasn't Famous", which was released on the b-side of the song's 7". The single reached number 8 in the UK charts.

Their song "Fight Music for the Fight" was featured in the video game *Burnout Dominator*, as well as its successor *Burnout Paradise* on PS3 and Xbox 360.

Their second album, *On The Brain*, was released on 22 September 2008.

In September 2009, the band released the single "Boots" (a cover of "These Boots Are Made For Walkin'") as a free download on their official website, but under the name Bromheads, dropping the name word Jacket, as a result of losing the bass player Jono West. Tim Hampton and Dan Potter said they would continue as a two-piece band. It was then confirmed that the band would release a free single every month for a year, finishing in November 2010 with their final free song, "Chocolate Factory". In December 2010, they released, as Bromheads, their third album, called *The Lamp Sessions*, with 10 original tracks from the last 12 months available singles.

In late 2012, the band released the EP *Holding the Gun* and announced that they were working on a new album to be released the following year. Their fourth album, *Choro*, which contained a new song "Gonna Let You Melt", was released on 15 April 2013, available to download at their website.

In 2024, Bromheads are back with the Jacket. As written on their new website:

"When Bromheads Jacket emerged as a key member of the Sheffield indie scene of the noughties, nobody knew how to pigeon hole them. Lead singer and songwriter Tim Hampton sang, not in with Yorkshire twang but in a thick Surrey accent. His band were heavier than everyone else. “The streets with guitars” was about the best the music press could come up with to describe what was, at that point a new sound.

Fast forward 18 years and a plethora of post punk bands have adopted the sound. Some like the brilliant, Idles have gone on to enjoy great success in the genre.

Bromheads Jackets meanwhile spectacularly imploded in a haze of glorious self sabotage. Hampton’s honest assessment is that they “fucked it up”. It’s hard to disagree. Now, they’re back with a bunch of new material, sounding better than ever to rightfully reclaim their title as forerunners to the modern post punk scene. Some bands are incredibly popular. Others are important and influential. Bromheads Jacket 2.0 might yet be both."

\- Jon 'The Reverend' McClure

## Discography

### Albums

### Extended Plays

* *Lost Fables* (2024)

### Singles

* *Woolley Bridge* (2006)
* *What Ifs and Maybes* (2006)
* *Trip to the Golden Arches* (2006)
* *Lesley Parlafitt* (2007)
* *Speaker Box* (2008)
* *Turn Me On* (2008)
* *Juiced Up* (2024)

### Singles (as Bromheads)

* *Boots* (October 2009)
* *Hole in the Head* (November 2009)
* *Edey* (December 2009)
* *Magic Number* (January 2010)
* *Dedicated* (February 2010)
* *Snow* (March 2010)
* *Fan of the Vagrants* (May 2010)
* *Blinkers On* (June 2010)
* *Cinderella's* (July 2010)
* *Friends* (August 2010)
* *Least of Her Worries* (September 2010)
* *Chocolate Factory* (November 2010)

## InfoBox

| Bromheads Jacket | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Sheffield, England |
| Genres | Indie rock, garage rock |
| Years active | 2005–2013, 2024-present |
| Labels | Marquis Chacha |
|  | |
| Members | Tim Hampton
Jono West
Joe Green |
|  | |
| Past members | Dan Potter |


title: Quezon National High School

abstract: Quezon National High School (QNHS) is a major public secondary high school in Brgy. Ibabang Iyam, Lucena City, Philippines. It is one of the largest contingent national high schools in the Philippines, both by size and by population, with more than 11,000 enrollees from Grades 7 to Grade 12. Aside from offering the K-12 Basic Education Curriculum, it also offers many different subjects and electives through its various Special Programs, with specific curricula for Science, Technology and Engineering (STE), Journalism (SPJ), Arts (SPA), Sports (SPS), and Foreign Languages (SPFL).

text:
# Quezon National High School

**Quezon National High School** (QNHS) is a major public secondary high school in Brgy. Ibabang Iyam, Lucena City, Philippines. It is one of the largest contingent national high schools in the Philippines, both by size and by population, with more than 11,000 enrollees from Grades 7 to Grade 12.

Aside from offering the K-12 Basic Education Curriculum, it also offers many different subjects and electives through its various Special Programs, with specific curricula for Science, Technology and Engineering (STE), Journalism (SPJ), Arts (SPA), Sports (SPS), and Foreign Languages (SPFL).

## History

Tayabas High School (now Quezon National High School) was founded in October 1902 when Aubrey Boyles, a Thomasite, organized a school in a convent of Lucena on the northern side of Saint Ferdinand Parish Church (now Lucena Cathedral). Fifty students were exposed to the English language with 19 American teachers.

The increase in student population on March 1, 1903, made Henry Balch the new principal. A strong typhoon destroyed the convent on September 26, 1905, that forced the school to be transferred to a building on Granja Street.

A two-storey building was built on June 6, 1906. Since then, a number of principals have stood at the helm of the school. When Japanese atrocities reached Atimonan, Quezon on December 23, 1941, students continued to flock to Tayabas High School and were automatically promoted. After a year, classes resumed at the Lucena Elementary School (now Lucena West) for girls and at the Trade School for boys. The Gabaldon Building (ruined by a fire) became the Provincial Hospital.

Classes were transferred to the Tong Ho School Building in 1944. The formal liberation of Tayabas Province on April 4, 1945, after which classes opened at Lucena Catholic Hall (now Maryhill College Building).

In June 1945, the high school was relocated at the Tayabas Provincial Capitol and the Court of First Instance Building, whereby 54 students graduated, girls in *Balintawak* and boys in *Barong Tagalog* on July 28, 1945. President Manuel Roxas signed Republic Act No. 14 on September 7, 1946, renaming the province of Tayabas to Quezon: Tayabas High School became Quezon Provincial High School.

The Batas Pambansa No. 1820 renamed Quezon Provincial High School as Quezon National High School with Dr. Cesar Villariba as the author.

Progress brings about change, change brings problems, and problems brings QNHS to the front line. An adage applies: "there is no gain without pain in the service of educating people."

## *The Coconut* / *Ang Niyog*

The then Tayabas High School published *The Coconut* in 1928 with Filemon Juntereal, Sr. as the first editor. The publication came out twice a month in a four-page tabloid. The magazine came as the graduation issue. The first Filipino adviser was Gabriel Tuazon.

The Lucena City-based publication of the school whose name had evolved to Quezon Provincial (later, National) High School amassed awards in local and national press conferences with Marie Delicia T. Unson as adviser. In the 1977 National Secondary Schools Press Conference, *The Coconut* reaped a golden harvest when adjudged second best high school paper in the Philippines for Bracket B, against Baguio's *The Pine Tre*e, as *The Coconut* garnered the most medals overall.

The silver medal finish was the second best in the history of *The Coconut*, next only to the gold medal the 1972 powerhouse staff steered by editor-in-chief Samuel Organo took home. But not even that 1972 feat produced as many group medals as the big haul of the 1977 edition, which had Marie Delicia T. Unson as adviser; Normita Atienza, co-adviser; and Ricardo J. Cueto, Jr. as editor-in-chief. That year, *The Coconut* and *The Pine Tree* of Baguio so dominated the competitions they practically split the top group honors just between them.

The publication celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2003 where previous and present staff writers and advisers joined together to party. Present in the celebration was writer Joseph Morong, now a GMA 7 reporter.

Currently, the adviser of *The Coconut* and *Ang Niyog* is Abner Pureza with co-adviser Maria Aluinda Puno with Ramonito Elumbaring, Mark John Ayuso, Arlene Aurin and Vanessa Ellaga.

## Admission

Admission to the high school is automatic for those who have completed six years of elementary school. Beginning 7th grade, education is compulsory and free to all students attending the school year. However, while general admission is automatic and free for all enrollees taking the Basic Education Program (BEP), entrance to the school's special curricular programs is highly selective and includes a competitive examination as well as interviews.

## Academics

### Special Program in Science Technology and Engineering (STE)

Quezon National High School is one of only 110 specialized STEM schools in the entire country offering DepEd's Special Program in Science, Technology, and Engineering for students in grades 7 to 10. Only three types of high schools in the Philippines (STEM high schools, high schools in the Regional Science High School Union and the Philippine Science High School System) currently offer this special curriculum that places more importance in mathematics and the sciences, as well as research. Because of this highly selective environment for students, transfer students are only permitted to enroll to the STE program provided the student is coming from another STEM high school, from an RSHS or from the PSHS System.

#### Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Program (STEM) Curriculum

Since its implementation, this rigorous curriculum has continued to produce quality STEM-education for Quezon National High School students. In 2019, Nathaniel Reyes, a student from QNHS and an alumnus of the school's STE program, represented the Philippines at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) in the United States.

| Subject Area | Curriculum Year Grade 7 | Curriculum Year Grade 8 | Curriculum Year Grade 9 | Curriculum Year Grade 10 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Science | Integrated Science; Earth and Environmental Science | Biological Science | Biology II(Advanced Biology); Chemistry I(Basic Chemistry); Physics I(Basic Physics) | Chemistry II(Advanced Chemistry); Physics II(Advanced Physics) |
| Mathematics | Elementary Algebra | Intermediate Algebra; Geometry; Basic Statistics | Trigonometry (Advanced Algebra) | Analytic Geometry; Calculus |
| English | Grammar, Communication Skills, and Literature | Grammar, Communication Skills, and Afro-Asian Literature | Grammar, Communication Skills, and Asian Literature | Grammar, Communication Skills, and World Literature |
| Filipino | Filipino I (Ibong Adarna) | Filipino II (Florante at Laura) | Filipino III (Noli Me Tangere) | Filipino IV (El Filibusterismo) |
| Social Science | Araling Panlipunan I (Philippine History) | Araling Panlipunan II (World History) | Araling Panlipunan III (Economics) | Araling Panlipunan IV (Contemporary Issues) |
| Technology and Livelihood Education | TLE I: Computer Education | TLE II: Information and Communications Technology, Agriculture/Fisheries, Civil Technology, Electronics/Electricity, Woodworking | Consumer Chemistry: Organic Chemistry, Food Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, Chemistry in Medicine | TLE IV: Information and Communications Technology, Agriculture/Fisheries, Civil Technology, Digital Electronics(Robotics)/Electricity |
| MAPEH | Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health I | Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health II | Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health III | Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health IV |
| Research | Research I-A (Basic Statistics and Technical Writing) | Research II (English for Science and Tech., Basic Statistics in Research) | Research III (Research in Science) | Research IV |
| Values Education | Values Education I | Values Education II | Values Education III | Values Education IV |
|  | Developmental Reading |  | Biotechnology, Advanced Statistics |

### Special Program in Arts (SPA)

Special Program in the Arts is designed to cater to the needs of students who are talented in the arts. It is a program for students with potential talents in different fields of arts, namely, Music, Visual Arts, Theater Arts, Media Arts, Creative Writing and Dance. The Program offers a comprehensive secondary education centered in the arts, covering a range of art forms and disciplines. Arts education is an integral component of a balanced educational program and also provides the background for post-secondary level work.

### Special Program in Journalism (SPJ)

Special Program in Journalism is developed to enrich the experiences, hone the journalistic skills and competencies of student-writers and to strengthen free and responsible journalism. It is designed to develop the learners’ skills in mass communication, print, online and broadcast media. Its main focus is primarily on writing as a process and as an art.

### Special Program for Sports (SPS)

The Special Program in Sports is in the line with efforts of the DepEd to institutionalize a program that will identify/discover students with potential sports talents and train them for higher levels of athletic competitions. The Special Program for Sports offers a four-year secondary curriculum patterned after that of a regular high school, with specialization in sports.

### Special Program in Foreign Languages - Korean (SPFL-K)

In selective schools, various languages may be offered as electives like in an SPFL program. Quezon National High School is one of the only a handful of schools in the country offering the Special Program in the Korean language.

### Senior High School

The new high school curriculum for students in grades 11 and 12 includes core classes and specialization classes based on student choice of specialization. Students may choose a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity. Classes or courses are divided into two: Core Curriculum Subjects and Track Subjects.

There are eight learning areas under the core curriculum. These are Language, Humanities, Communication, Mathematics, Science, Social Science, Philosophy, and PE and Health. These will make up 15 core courses with the same contents and competencies but with allowed contextualization based on school's location despite specializations of tracks and strands.

## Notable alumni

*Most of the contents were acquired from QNHS Student HandBook (2006 Revised Edition)*

## InfoBox

| Quezon National High School | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
|  | |
| M.L. Tagarao St., Brgy. Ibabang Iyam, Lucena City, Quezon Province | |
| Coordinates | 13°55′58″N 121°36′20″E / 13.93289°N 121.60555°E / 13.93289; 121.60555 |
| Information | |
| Former names | Quezon Provincial High School (QPHS) |
| Established | October 1902 |
| Principal | Joseph C. Hinanay |
| Grades | 7 to 12 |
| Number of students | est.11000 |
| Color(s) | red, blue, yellow, and green<br> |
| Newspaper | *The Coconut/Ang Niyog* |


title: Chittoor mandal

abstract: Chittoor mandal is one of the 66 mandals in Chittoor district of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. Its headquarters are located at Chittoor. The mandal is bounded by Yadamari, Gudipala, Thavanampalle, Puthalapattu, Penumuru, Gangadhara Nellore mandals.

text:
# Chittoor mandal

**Chittoor mandal** is one of the 66 mandals in Chittoor district of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. Its headquarters are located at Chittoor. The mandal is bounded by Yadamari, Gudipala, Thavanampalle, Puthalapattu, Penumuru, Gangadhara Nellore mandals.

## Demographics

As of 2011 census, the mandal had a population of 212,816. The total population constitute, 106,211 males and 106,605 females —a sex ratio of 996 females per 1000 males. 20,533 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 10,781 are boys and 9,752 are girls —a ratio of 905 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 83.02% with 159,641 literates.

## Towns and villages

Mangasamudram (Rural) is the most populated settlement and Krishnapuram is the least populated settlement in the mandal. As of 2011 census, the mandal has 31 settlements, that includes:

1. Alukurupalle \[R\]
2. Anagallu \[R\]
3. Ananthapuram \[R\]
4. Anupalle \[U\]
5. Anupalle (Part) \[U\]
6. Arathala \[R\]
7. Ayanavedu \[R\]
8. Bakara Narasinga Rayani Pet \[R\]
9. 194 Bandapalle (The City) \[R\]
10. Chinthalagunta \[R\]
11. Chittoor \[U\]
12. Diguvamasapalle \[R\]
13. Doddipalle \[U\]
14. Gandlapalle \[U\]
15. Greamspet \[U\]
16. Gollapalle \[R\]
17. Guvvakallu \[R\]
18. Iruvaram \[U\]
19. Kattamanchi \[U\]
20. Krishnapuram \[R\]
21. Kurchivedu \[R\]
22. Lakshmambapuram \[U\]
23. Mangasamudram \[U\]
24. Mapakshi \[U\]
25. Mapakshi (Part) \[U\]
26. Murakambattu \[U\]
27. Muthukur \[R\]
28. Narigapalle \[U\]
29. Paschanapalle \[R\]
30. Palooru \[R\]
31. Peddisettipalle \[R\]
32. Perumallakandiga \[R\]
33. S.Venkatapuram
34. Settiappanthangal \[R\]
35. Siddampalle \[R\]
36. Thalambedu \[R\]
37. Thenebanda \[R\]
38. Thumminda \[R\]
39. Thimmasamudram \[U\]
40. Varadarajulapalle \[R\]
41. 5 Venkatapuram \[R\]
42. 33 Venkatapuram \[R\]

***Sources:***

* *Census India 2011 (sub districts)*
* *Revenue Department of AP*

## InfoBox

| Chittoor mandal | |
| --- | --- |
| Mandal | |
| Dynamic map | |
| Country | India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| District | Chittoor |
| Headquarters | Chittoor |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 212,816 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | AP03 |


title: Eyal Landesman

abstract: Eyal Landesman is an Israeli artist and social activist, known for being co-founder and artistic director of International Photography Festival as well as founder and director of a non-profit organization PHOTO IS:RAEL.

text:
# Eyal Landesman

**Eyal Landesman** is an Israeli artist and social activist, known for being co-founder and artistic director of International Photography Festival as well as founder and director of a non-profit organization PHOTO IS:RAEL.

## Biography

Eyal Landesman was born in Haifa in the 1970. He graduated from Wizo School of Art and Design in Haifa, where he studied graphic design.

### Career

His was a photographer for video clip "Her Morning Elegance", directed by Oren Lavie, which was nominated for the Grammy award in 2010. The clip was also screened at Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity, Los Angeles Film Festival, Contemporary Film Festival at the Pompidou Centre and SXSW. In 2006 archive of Landesman works had been purchased by Harvard University. Landesman was one of the judges in British Council competition "EnGENDERed" and "Fresh Paint" art festival in 2017. In 2018 Landesman was chosen as one of the experts for portfolio review at Rencontres d'Arles and Athens Photo Festival. Landesman became nominator for the international Prix Pictet in 2016.

Landesman is known for being drawn to the exploration of the borders between imagination, illusion and documentary work through photography. Throughout his career, he has investigated these borders via diverse technological and cultural platforms, beginning with theatre, both out front and behind the scenes. Later, he expanded his interest in search of the borders of conventional photography both in time and space in images created with the use of diverse technologies and presentation forms. These include zooming and projection of the captured image, using public or darkened spaces or using stop motion technology.

## Exhibitions

Eyal Landesman participated in group and solo exhibitions around the world and in Israel.

### Solo

### Group

## Curatorship

* 2008 "The Israel Trail" Mane Katz Gallery. Tel Aviv
* 2016 "Broken Dreams" by Antonin Kratochvil. Tel Aviv.
* 2017 "Broken Countries" by Paolo Pellegrin. International Photography Festival, Tel Aviv.
* 2022 "Call for Action", in collaboaration with Ya’ara Raz Haklai. Photo:Israel 2022, Tel Aviv.

## Awards

## Collections

Eyal Landesman works are in permanent collection of Harvard University library.

## InfoBox

| Eyal Landesman | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1970<br>Haifa, Israel |
| Nationality | Israeli |
| Known for | Photography, Motion Art |
| Awards | Local Testimony. First Prize in *Art and Culture* category |


title: Bonita Friedericy

abstract: Bonita Anne Friedericy is an American actress, best known for her role as Diane Beckman in the television series Chuck. Her husband is actor John Billingsley.

text:
# Bonita Friedericy

**Bonita Anne Friedericy** (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, best known for her role as Diane Beckman in the television series *Chuck*. Her husband is actor John Billingsley.

## Early life

Friedericy was born in Charlottesville, Virginia, was raised in Palos Verdes, California, and worked as a teacher for nearly 13 years to help supplement her acting income.

## Career

In the 1990s, she began her career on stage, and won Ovation Award for her role in the Los Angeles production of *Our Country's Good*. She later guest-starred in a number of television shows, such as *Malcolm in the Middle*, *Veronica Mars*, *Star Trek: Enterprise*, *Criminal Minds*, *Bones*, *Dharma & Greg*, *Parks and Recreation*, *The Nine*, *The West Wing*, *CSI: Crime Scene Investigation*, *Castle*, *Monk*. In film, Friedericy appeared in *Christmas with the Kranks*, *Alien Raiders*, *Paranormal Activity 3*, and *The Lords of Salem*.

From 2007 to 2012, Friedericy starred in the NBC comedy series *Chuck* as NSA General Diane Beckman for the show's entire five-season run. She had a recurring role in the first three seasons, and was promoted as a series regular in the fourth season. In November 2013, she was cast as series regular in the Lifetime comedy-drama *UnREAL* opposite Shiri Appleby, in the role of a psychologist. She later was replaced by Amy Hill in the role. In 2015, she appeared on the second season of ABC's *How to Get Away with Murder*.

She provided the voice of Caroline Becker in the 2014 video game *Wolfenstein: The New Order*, a member of the underground Allied resistance group Kreisau Circle.

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1997 | *Glass, Necktie* | Chloe |
| 1998 | *Malaika* | Thelma |
| 1999 | *The Pornographer* | Irene |
| 1999 | *The Debtors* | Woman addict #2 |
| 2000 | *Big Wind on Campus* | Emily's Mom |
| 2002 | *Par 6* | Woman |
| 2003 | *House of Sand and Fog* | Motel Manager |
| 2004 | *Christmas with the Kranks* | Jude Becker |
| 2006 | *Sleeping Dogs Lie* | Mom / Wrestling Girl |
| 2006 | *Akeelah and the Bee* | Volunteer |
| 2007 | *Next* | Cashier Girl |
| 2007 | *South of Pico* | Joanna |
| 2008 | *Alien Raiders* | Charlotte |
| 2009 | *Miss March* | Diner Waitress |
| 2010 | *Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief* | Hysterical Woman |
| 2011 | *Paranormal Activity 3* | Dorothy Wolfe |
| 2012 | *The Lords of Salem* | Abigail Hennessey |
| 2013 | *Shotgun Wedding* | Yvette |
| 2015 | *Unfinished Business* | Helen |
| 2016 | *Madtown* | Linda Miller |
| 2016 | *Salt Water* | Aspen's mom |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1998 | *Mad About You* | Bonita | Episode: "The Baby Video" |
| 1998 | *Maggie* | Pet Owner | Episode: "Liar, Liar" |
| 1998 | *One World* | Saleswoman | Episode: "The Gift" |
| 1999 | *Payne* | Cold Water Woman | Episode: "Trouble in Room 206" |
| 1999 | *Buffy the Vampire Slayer* | Mrs. Finkle | 2 episodes |
| 1999 | *Oh Baby* | Woman #2 | Episode: "Sitting on Babies" |
| 1999 | *The Practice* | Sandra Poole | Episode: "Free Dental" |
| 1999 | *Time of Your Life* | Pauline | Episode: "The Time They Had Not" |
| 1999 | *The Drew Carey Show* | Sally | Episode: "Drew and Kate's First Date" |
| 1999, 2002 | *Judging Amy* | Clarissa Owens / Mrs. Thompson | 2 episodes |
| 2000 | *Family Law* | Woman | Episode: "Stealing Home" |
| 2000 | *Chicken Soup for the Soul* | Mrs. Lathum | Episode: "The Right Thing" |
| 2000 | *3rd Rock from the Sun* | Tourist #2 | Episode: "Dick and Harry Fall Down a Hole" |
| 2000 | *Strong Medicine* |  | Episode: "BRCA1" |
| 2000 | *The Stepdaughter* | Nurse Calista Davis | Video |
| 2001 | *Spin City* | Edith Connelly, Housekeeper | Episode: "The Gambler" |
| 2001 | *Becker* | Ms. Owen | Episode: "The Ugly Truth" |
| 2001 | *Dharma & Greg* | Paula | Episode: "Judy & Greg" |
| 2001 | *Boston Public* | Nurse Carey DiPietro | Episode: "Chapter Nineteen" |
| 2001 | *Any Day Now* | Woman | Episode: "Everyone Deserves to Be Loved" |
| 2001 | *Off Centre* | Woman In Couch | Episode: "Swing Time" |
| 2002 | *My Adventures in Television* | Nurse | Episode: "The Art of Groveling" |
| 2002 | *Malcolm in the Middle* | Susan | Episode: "Jury Duty" |
| 2002 | *Scrubs* | Nurse | Episode: "My Nightingale" |
| 2002 | *The Guardian* | Penny | Episode: "The Living" |
| 2002 | *In-Laws* | Adelle Morris | Episode: "Halloween: Resurrection" |
| 2003 | *Dragnet* |  | Episode: "The Big Ruckus" |
| 2003 | *Alias* | Joyce | Episode: "Firebomb" |
| 2003 | *Angel* | Patience | Episode: "Peace Out" |
| 2003 | *Star Trek: Enterprise* | Rooney | Episode: "Regeneration" |
| 2003 | *The Division* | Bonnie Harper | Episode: "Castaways" |
| 2003 | *Miracles* | Leslie Brown | Episode: "You Are My Sunshine" |
| 2003 | *7th Heaven* | Sofie the Waitress | Episode: "Angel" |
| 2004 | *Veronica Mars* | Evelyn Bugby | Episode: "The Girl Next Door" |
| 2004 | *LAX* | Geraldine | Episode: "Thanksgiving" |
| 2004, 2006 | *The West Wing* | Gail Addison | 2 episodes |
| 2005 | *Over There* | Hope | Episode: "Mission Accomplished" |
| 2005 | *Bones* | Sharon Eller | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 2005 | *Rodney* | Admitting Nurse | Episode: "Question Mark Hamilton" |
| 2005 | *The 12 Dogs of Christmas* | Aunt Delores | Television film |
| 2005 | *Criminal Minds* | Dr. Rachel Howard | Episode: "The Fox" |
| 2006 | *CSI: Crime Scene Investigation* | Mrs. Bradford | Episode: "Werewolves" |
| 2006 | *Monk* | Housewife Juror | Episode: "Mr. Monk Gets Jury Duty" |
| 2006 | *Without a Trace* | Sister Louise | Episode: "Requiem" |
| 2006 | *The Nine* | Mary Foote | 3 episodes |
| 2007 | *The Middle* | Gail | Television film |
| 2007–2012 | *Chuck* | General Diane Beckman | 78 episodes |
| 2008 | *My Name Is Earl* | Ruth | 2 episodes |
| 2008 | *Fear Itself* | Debra Fabre | Episode: "Community" |
| 2008 | *Night Life* | Nurse | Television film |
| 2008 | *The Starter Wife* | Anthea | 3 episodes |
| 2009 | *A Temporary Life* | Lois Rosenthal | Television film |
| 2010 | *Parks and Recreation* | Maria | Episode: "Leslie's House" |
| 2010 | *Twentysixmiles* | Sister Consuela | 3 episodes |
| 2012 | *Written by a Kid* | Mom | Episodes: "The Ginger Potato" |
| 2012 | *Castle* | Sister Mary | Episodes: "After Hours" |
| 2013 | *Justified* | Mary | Episode: "Kin" |
| 2013 | *Hart of Dixie* | Nut Allergy | Episode: "On the Road Again" |
| 2013 | *Welcome to the Family* | Sandra / Gretchen | 2 episodes |
| 2013 | *Sketchy* | Sally | Episode: "Forwarders" |
| 2014 | *Days of Our Lives* | Monica | Episode #1.12321 |
| 2014 | *Intelligence* | Governor Christy Cameron | Episode: "Being Human" |
| 2014 | *Sock Monkee Therapy* | Vivian | Episode: "Harold & Vivian" |
| 2015 | *How to Get Away with Murder* | Sandra Guthrie | 2 episodes |
| 2015–2016 | *Impastor* | Hilva Schmidt | 6 episodes |
| 2016 | *American Crime Story* | Patti Goldman | 2 episodes |
| 2016 | *The Friendless Five* | Agent Huerta | 3 episodes |
| 2016 | *Rizzoli & Isles* | Mary Sokoloff | Episode: "Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow" |
| 2016 | *Gilmore Girls: A Year in the Life* | Nun #1 | Episode: "Fall" |
| 2016–2017 | *Preacher* | Terri Loach | 6 episodes |
| 2017 | *Major Crimes* | Judge Ellen Holly | Episode: "Intersection" |
| 2018 | *Groomzilla* | Kasha Rydell | Television film |
| 2018 | *Video Palace* | Bets Mueller | 2 episodes |
| 2019 | *Dwight in Shining Armor* | Nana | 11 episodes |
| 2020 | *The Good Doctor* | Bella Thomas | Episodes: "Sex and Death" |
| 2021 | *Chicago Med* | Terri Hammer | Recurring role |
| 2023 | *9-1-1: Lone Star* | Trudy Keyes | Episode: "Abandoned" |

## InfoBox

| Bonita Friedericy | |
| --- | --- |
| Friedericy in 2010 | |
| Born | Bonita Anne Friedericy
(1961-10-10) October 10, 1961
Charlottesville, Virginia, US |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1997–present |
| Spouse | John Billingsley |


title: Courtnee-Mae Clifford

abstract: Courtnee-Mae Clifford is a retired Trinidad and Tobago female volleyball player. She was part of the Trinidad and Tobago women's national volleyball team. She participated at the 2011 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup.

text:
# Courtnee-Mae Clifford

**Courtnee-Mae Clifford** (born 6 July 1990) is a retired Trinidad and Tobago female volleyball player. She was part of the Trinidad and Tobago women's national volleyball team.

She participated at the 2011 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup.

## InfoBox

| Courtnee-Mae Clifford | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Trinidad and Tobago |
| Born | (1990-07-06) 6 July 1990 |
| Height | 165 cm (65 in) |
| Weight | 60 kg (132 lb) |
| Spike | 280 cm (110 in) |
| Block | 273 cm (107 in) |
| Volleyball information | |
| Position | libero |
| Number | 10 (national team) |
| National team | |
| 2011  Trinidad and Tobago | |


title: Cottunculus spinosus

abstract: Cottunculus spinosus is a species of fish in the blobfish family Psychrolutidae. It is found in the south-eastern Atlantic Ocean off South Africa at depths of 1,460 to 2,180 m.

text:
# Cottunculus spinosus

***Cottunculus spinosus*** is a species of fish in the blobfish family Psychrolutidae. It is found in the south-eastern Atlantic Ocean off South Africa at depths of 1,460 to 2,180 m (4,790 to 7,150 ft).

## Description

This species reaches a length of 4.5 cm (1.8 in).

## InfoBox

| *Cottunculus spinosus* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Scorpaeniformes |
| Family: | Psychrolutidae |
| Genus: | *Cottunculus* |
| Species: | ***C. spinosus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cottunculus spinosus***
Gilchrist, 1906 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Cottunculoides spinosus* (Gilchrist, 1906) | |


title: Cottunculus granulosus

abstract: Cottunculus granulosus is a species of fish in the blobfish family Psychrolutidae found in the south-western Atlantic Ocean.

text:
# Cottunculus granulosus

***Cottunculus granulosus*** is a species of fish in the blobfish family Psychrolutidae found in the south-western Atlantic Ocean.

## Description

This species reaches a length of 21.7 cm (8.5 in).

## InfoBox

| *Cottunculus granulosus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Scorpaeniformes |
| Family: | Psychrolutidae |
| Genus: | *Cottunculus* |
| Species: | ***C. granulosus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cottunculus granulosus***<br>Karrer, 1968 | |
|


title: Omar Jazouli

abstract: Omar Jazouli was a Moroccan politician.

text:
# Omar Jazouli

**Omar Jazouli** (1945/46 – 1 August 2021) was a Moroccan politician.

## Biography

Jazouli became a member of parliament in 1977, and he was the President of the Association des élus locaux de l'Union Constitutionnelle (UC) as of 2001. He became mayor of Marrakesh in 2003. He served six years as mayor until he was defeated by Fatima-Zahra Mansouri, a then 33-year-old lawyer and daughter of a former assistant to the local authority chief in Marrakesh, by 35 votes to 54 in a municipal council vote in June 2009. The Court found him guilty of embezzlement of funds and he was also accused of other offenses.

He died from COVID-19 in Marrakesh at age 75 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco.


title: Omar J. Marrero

abstract: Omar J. Marrero Díaz is a Puerto Rican government official serving as the Secretary of State of Puerto Rico since 2021, which is equivalent to the role of a lieutenant governor.

text:
# Omar J. Marrero

**Omar J. Marrero Díaz** is a Puerto Rican government official serving as the Secretary of State of Puerto Rico since 2021, which is equivalent to the role of a lieutenant governor.

## Early life and education

Born on December 14, 1988, in San Juan, Puerto Rico, Marrero obtained a B.B.A. (Bachelor of Business Administration) from the University of Dayton (Ohio). After earning a Juris Doctor from the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico and passing the bar, he went on to obtain an L.L.M. (Master of Laws) in Corporate Law from New York University School of Law.

## Career

Marrero's public service career includes having served as Secretary of the Puerto Rico Department of Consumer Affairs. Executive Director of the Puerto Rico Ports Authority, the Convention District Authority and the Puerto Rico Public–Private Partnerships Authority, or P3 Authority.

Marrero is also the executive director of the Puerto Rico Fiscal Agency and Financial Advisory Authority (AAFAF). In July 2021, he was appointed by Pedro Pierluisi as the Secretary of State of Puerto Rico. Marrero was confirmed by the Puerto Rico Legislature in November of that same year.

## InfoBox

| Omar Marrero | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 31st Secretary of State of Puerto Rico | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
July 12, 2021 | |
| Governor | Pedro Pierluisi |
| Preceded by | Félix Rivera Torres (acting) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1980-07-05) July 5, 1980
San Juan, Puerto Rico |
| Political party | New Progressive |
| Education | University of Dayton (BBA)
Interamerican University of Puerto Rico (JD)
New York University (LLM) |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | United States Army |
| Unit | United States Army Reserve |
|  | |


title: Coventry Chronicle

abstract: The Coventry Chronicle is a 12th-century world chronicle in annual format covering the period from the Creation to the year 1122. The manuscript was written by Benedictine monks at Coventry Cathedral Priory, about the year 1150, with an addendum up to 1202. Much of the material to 1150 is a reworking of the Chronica chronicarum by John of Worcester. Today the document is at BL, Harley ms. 3775, fol. 34r-67v and 73r.

text:
# Coventry Chronicle

The **Coventry Chronicle** is a 12th-century world chronicle in annual format covering the period from the Creation to the year 1122.

The manuscript was written by Benedictine monks at Coventry Cathedral Priory, about the year 1150, with an addendum up to 1202. Much of the material to 1150 is a reworking of the *Chronica chronicarum* by John of Worcester.

Today the document is at BL, Harley ms. 3775, fol. 34r-67v and 73r.

1. Hayward, Paul Antony.,The Winchcombe and Coventry Chronicles: Hitherto Unnoticed Witnesses to the Work of John of Worcester, The *Medieval Review* 12.02.12.
2. Hayward, Paul Antony, “Coventry Chronicle”, in: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle, Edited by: Graeme Dunphy, Cristian Bratu


title: Coulandon

abstract: Coulandon is a commune in the Allier department in central France.

text:
# Coulandon

**Coulandon** (French pronunciation: \[kulɑ̃dɔ̃\]) is a commune in the Allier department in central France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 466 |  |
| 1975 | 494 | +0.84% |
| 1982 | 493 | −0.03% |
| 1990 | 554 | +1.47% |
| 1999 | 594 | +0.78% |
| 2007 | 689 | +1.87% |
| 2012 | 687 | −0.06% |
| 2017 | 650 | −1.10% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## InfoBox

| Coulandon | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The church in Coulandon | |
| Location of Coulandon | |
| CoulandonCoulandon | |
| Coordinates: 46°33′05″N 3°15′24″E / 46.5514°N 3.2567°E / 46.5514; 3.2567 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes |
| Department | Allier |
| Arrondissement | Moulins |
| Canton | Moulins-1 |
| Intercommunality | CA Moulins Communauté |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Jean-Michel Griffet |
| Area**1** | 17.06 km2 (6.59 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 637 |
| Density | 37/km2 (97/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 03085 /03000 |
| Elevation | 212–278 m (696–912 ft)
(avg. 226 m or 741 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Coulangeron

abstract: Coulangeron is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France, in the natural region of Forterre.

text:
# Coulangeron

**Coulangeron** (French pronunciation: \[kulɑ̃ʒʁɔ̃\]) is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France, in the natural region of Forterre.

## InfoBox

| Coulangeron | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall in Coulangeron | |
| Location of Coulangeron | |
| CoulangeronCoulangeron | |
| Coordinates: 47°40′54″N 3°28′15″E / 47.6817°N 3.4708°E / 47.6817; 3.4708 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Yonne |
| Arrondissement | Auxerre |
| Canton | Vincelles |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Philippe Vigouroux |
| Area**1** | 8.52 km2 (3.29 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 217 |
| Density | 25/km2 (66/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 89117 /89580 |
| Elevation | 195–346 m (640–1,135 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Craig Czury

abstract: Craig Czury is an American poet.

text:
# Craig Czury

**Craig Czury** (born March 10, 1951, in Kingston) is an American poet.

## Early life

Born in Kingston, to Betty Kawalkiewicz. He was adopted shortly thereafter by John and Nelda Churry. As a young man, Czury grew up in the northeastern Pennsylvania coal mining region near Shamokin, in the Northumberland County, Pennsylvania. Growing up in this area helped Czury identify strongly with the coal region. When Czury was seven-years-old, the Susquehanna River flooded the Knox Anthracite Coal Mine in Luzerne County, the Knox Mine disaster, which killed 12 miners and left thousands of others out of work. The disaster crippled the economic foundation of the area. Loss, abandonment, displacement and leaving would become major themes in his poetry. After he graduated from Dallas High School in Dallas, Pennsylvania, Czury drifted between several colleges and various temporary jobs across the United States. He spent 15 years hitchhiking across the country, working temporarily in carnivals, warehouses, and kitchens. He attended Hiram Scott College and Western Nebraska Community College, both in Scottsbluff, Nebraska. Czury then moved to the University of Montana in Missoula, before attending Wilkes University in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

## Poetry

Czury published his first book of poetry entitled Janus Peeking in 1980. The book received the 1980 First Book Award from the Montana Arts Council. From there, Czury went on to publish 15 more collections of poetry. Czury's work illustrates the pain and emptiness of the depression-stricken Pennsylvania coal-mining region. The following is an excerpt from his poem entitled, “Coalscape:”

*all this black dust / black cinder and glass ground up / in the spine of a torn-out trainbed / smoke rising out of birch on the culm bank / when it begins to rain*

One of his most notable collections is God's Shiny Glass Eye, published in 1987. This collection revolved around Czury's vision of the coal country where he grew up. Critic Michael Basinski is quoted on the FootHills Publishing site as saying, “The poet’s imagination and the anthracite world intimately merge to produce a poetry that is poignantly barren and stripped of any artificial embellishment. It is an angry poetry, but its passion is restrained and boils beneath the structure of the book.”

Much of Czury's work has been spread internationally. His books of poetry have been translated into many different languages, including Spanish, Russian, Portuguese, and Italian. Czury has been a featured poet at the International Poetry Festivals in Argentina, Ireland, Croatia, Colombia, Lithuania, and Macedonia.

Czury currently lives in Springville, Pennsylvania. He has worked as a travelling poet in schools, homeless shelters, prisons, mental hospitals, and community centers around the world. He is the editor of the Old School Press Poetry Pamphlet Series, and conducts life-writing and poetry workshops at the Springville Schoolhouse Artist Studios, where he lives, "*writes and plays harmonica*".

## Bibliography

Selway, Tim. "Craig Czury." *Pennsylvania State University: Pennsylvania Center for the Book Literary & Cultural Heritage Maps of PA.* 2008. 2 November 2020. \<https://www.pabook.libraries.psu.edu/literary-cultural-heritage-map-pa/bios/Czury\__Craig\>.

## InfoBox

| Craig Czury | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1951-03-10) March 10, 1951<br>Kingston, Pennsylvania, United States |
| Occupation | Poet |
| Period | 1975– |
| Genre | Creative non-poetry |
| Website | |
| craigczury.com | |


title: Olivier Tambosi

abstract: Olivier Tambosi is an Austrian opera and operetta director.

text:
# Olivier Tambosi

**Olivier Tambosi** (born 7 July 1963) is an Austrian opera and operetta director.

## Life and career

Born in Paris, Tambosi studied music theatre direction at the University of Vienna. Philosophy and Theology, and at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna.

In 1990, he founded the Neue Oper Wien (artistic director until 1993). Subsequently, he was head of musical theatre at the Stadttheater Klagenfurt until 1996. Since 1996 he has made guest appearances internationally as a director and has worked among others with conductors Philippe Auguin, John Axelrod, Bruno Bartoletti, Jiří Bělohlávek, Dietfried Bernet, Daniele Callegari, Paolo Carignani, Frédéric Chaslin, James Conlon, Dennis Russell Davies, Mark Elder, Mikko Franck, Bernard Haitink, Jakub Hrůša, Vladimir Jurowski, Karen Kamensek, Peter Keuschnig, Axel Kober, Walter Kobéra, Nicola Luisotti, Jun Märkl, Seiji Ozawa, Antonio Pappano, Donald Runnicles, Peter Schneider, Patrick Summers, Alexander Soddy.

Among the singers Tambosi has worked with are Marcelo Álvarez, Daniela Barcellona, Joseph Calleja, Barbara Frittoli, Ferruccio Furlanetto, Lucio Gallo, Vladimir Galouzin, Eric Halfvarsson, Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Angelika Kirchschlager, Éva Marton, Karita Mattila, Deborah Polaski, Neil Shicoff, Anja Silja, Nina Stemme, Bryn Terfel, Ramón Vargas, Christopher Ventris, Linda Watson and Eva-Maria Westbroek.

His engagements have taken him in Austria among others to the Graz Opera, the Landestheater Linz, the Vienna Volksoper and the Bregenz Festival, in Germany to the Staatsoper Hannover, the Staatstheater am Gärtnerplatz Munich, in Europe at the Liceu Barcelona, the Royal Opera House Covent Garden, National Opera Helsinki, the Strasbourg Opera and to the Lucerne Festival, the Theater Biel Solothurn, in America to the Metropolitan Opera New York, to Chicago, Houston, San Francisco Opera and Los Angeles, San Diego Opera as well as to the Saito Kinen Festival in Japan.

Tambosi is married with the Swiss soprano Christiane Boesiger (born 1966 in Zürich).

## Mises en scene

**Henry Purcell**

**Georg Philipp Telemann**

**Giovanni Battista Pergolesi**

**Christoph Willibald Gluck**

**Joseph Haydn**

**Antonio Salieri**

**Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart**

**Luigi Cherubini**

**Gaetano Donizetti**

**Richard Wagner**

**Giuseppe Verdi**

**Jacques Offenbach**

**Johann Strauss II**

**Georges Bizet**

**Franco Faccio**

**Arrigo Boito**

**Carl Millöcker**

**Engelbert Humperdinck**

**Oscar Wilde**

**Ruggero Leoncavallo**

**Giacomo Puccini**

**Pietro Mascagni**

**Leoš Janáček**

**Claude Debussy**

**Richard Strauss**

**Franz Lehár**

**Alexander von Zemlinsky**

**Arnold Schönberg**

**Arnold Schönberg, Kurt Weill**

* *Cabaret Songs*

**Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari**

**Franz Schreker**

**Alban Berg**

**Emmerich Kálmán**

**Eduard Künneke**

**Igor Stravinsky**

**Darius Milhaud**

**Francis Poulenc**

**Karl Amadeus Hartmann**

**Gian Carlo Menotti**

**Benjamin Britten**

**Astor Piazzolla**

**Mitch Leigh/Dale Wasserman**

**Stephen Sondheim**

**Dieter Kaufmann**

* *Die Reise ins Paradies*
* *Dolores*

**Andrew Lloyd Webber**

**Bruno Strobl**

* *Hier ist es schön*

**Kaija Saariaho**

**Zesses Seglias**

**Sehyung Kim**

* *Consumnia*

## Further reading

* Oswald Panagl: Tambosi, Olivier in *Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon*. Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5; Print edition: vol. 5, Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften press, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-7001-3067-8.


title: On the Road (Baekhyun song)

abstract: "On the Road" is a song recorded by South Korean singer Baekhyun for the soundtrack of the 2020 television series Hyena. It was released as a digital single on February 29, 2020, by Danal Entertainment.

text:
# On the Road (Baekhyun song)

"**On the Road**" (Korean: 너에게 가는 이 길 위에서 (너.이.길); *neoege ganeun i gil wieseo (neo.i.gil)*) is a song recorded by South Korean singer Baekhyun for the soundtrack of the 2020 television series *Hyena*. It was released as a digital single on February 29, 2020, by Danal Entertainment.

## Lyrics

The track is a tender ballad along with piano about hoping a special someone can understand your sincere feelings for them.

## Chart performance

"On the Road" debuted at number 130 on South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart for the chart issue dated February 23–29, 2020 rising and reaching number seventy-six on the following week.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "On the Road" (너에게 가는 이 길 위에서 (너.이.길)) | * Rhinoceros * Kangaroo * Red Bear * Jin Hee Ju | * Red Bear * Jin Hee Ju | 3:58 |
| 2. | "On the Road" (너에게 가는 이 길 위에서 (너.이.길) (instrumental)) |  | * Red Bear * Jin Hee Ju | 3:55 |
| Total length: | | | | 7:13 |

## Charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| South Korea (Gaon) | 76 |
| South Korea (K-pop Hot 100) | 45 |
|

## InfoBox

| "On the Road" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Baekhyun | |
| from the album  *Hyena OST* | |
| Released | February 29, 2020 (2020-02-29) |
| Length | 3:58 |
| Label | Danal Entertainment |
| Songwriter(s) | * Rhinoceros * Kangaroo * Red Bear |
| Producer(s) | * Red Bear * Jin Hee Ju |
| Baekhyun singles chronology | |
| "My Love"
(2020) "**On the Road**"
(2020) "Candy"
(2020) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "On the Road" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Omo Kibish Formation

abstract: The Omo Kibish Formation or simply Kibish Formation is a geological formation in the Lower Omo Valley of southwestern Ethiopia. It is named after the nearby Omo River and is subdivided into four members known as Members I-IV. The members are numbered in the order in which they were deposited and date between 196 ka ~ 13-4 ka. Omo Kibish and the neighboring formations have produced a rich paleoanthropological record with many hominin and stone tool finds. The Kibish formation, in particular, is most notable for Richard Leakey's work there in 1967 during which he and his team found one of the oldest remains of anatomically modern Homo sapiens. Known as Omo Kibish 1, the fossil was dated to 196 ± 5 ka old and is among two other Omo remains that were found in Member I. The Omo fossils were more recently re-dated to approximately 233 ± 22 ka old. In the early 2000s a research boom enriched the knowledge base about the Kibish Formation. Study of the faunal remains and stone tools provided insight into the archeological associations of Homo sapiens and thereby their behaviors and the complex environmental contexts in which they lived and evolved.

text:
# Omo Kibish Formation

The **Omo Kibish Formation** or simply **Kibish Formation** is a geological formation in the Lower Omo Valley of southwestern Ethiopia. It is named after the nearby Omo River and is subdivided into four members known as Members I-IV. The members are numbered in the order in which they were deposited and date between 196 ka ~ 13-4 ka. Omo Kibish and the neighboring formations (Shungura and Usno) have produced a rich paleoanthropological record with many hominin (e.g. *Paranthropus boisei*) and stone tool (e.g. Oldowan tools) finds. The Kibish formation, in particular, is most notable for Richard Leakey's work there in 1967 during which he and his team found one of the oldest remains of anatomically modern *Homo sapiens*. Known as Omo Kibish 1 (Omo I), the fossil was dated to 196 ± 5 ka old and is among two other Omo remains (Omo II and Omo III) that were found in Member I. The Omo fossils were more recently (in 2022) re-dated to approximately 233 ± 22 ka old. In the early 2000s a research boom enriched the knowledge base about the Kibish Formation. Study of the faunal remains (large mammal and fish faunas) and stone tools provided insight into the archeological associations of *Homo sapiens* and thereby their behaviors and the complex environmental contexts in which they lived and evolved.

## MSA lithic assemblage

During Richard Leakey's original 1967 excavations several stone tools were found in association with Omo 1 at Kamoya's hominid site (KHS) but were not well described in the research literature. In the 2000s further excavations occurred at KHS in addition to two other sites: Awoke's hominid site (AHS) also located in Member 1 and the Bird's Nest Site (BNS) located in Member 2. Summaries of the lithic assemblages found during the more recent excavations also consider the lithics found in the initial 1967 excavation.

The most common material used to produce the lithics found is chert. In general high quality fine-grained cryptocrystalline silicate raw materials such as jasper, chert, chalcedony comprise the clear majority (60-90% ) across all sites. Given that all but one rare occurring material could be found in contemporary gravel deposits in Member 1, it is predicted that early hominins obtained the necessary rock clasts to produce stone tools from local sources. Although all materials could be found in sufficient quantities in local gravel deposits, low quality materials such as shale, rhyolite and basalt were significantly more abundant. Moreover, high quality cores were more significantly reduced than were low quality cores. Together, these trends suggest that hominins were highly selective in their stone tool production. Sixty-nine percent of all cores are levallois cores or asymmetrical discoids which belong to the categorical class known as formal cores. Though the Kibish industry possess some characteristics that support the possibility of stone tool production aimed to accommodate high residential mobility, there are as well contradictory characteristics. For example, retouched tools are on the whole rare but the proportion of bifacially retouched tools is minuscule. In comparison to other MSA assemblages the cores were particularly small. However, it was hypothesized that this was a likely result of starting from smaller clasts. Despite such differences, paleoanthropologist John Shea concludes that the Kibish Industry seems to be a local variant of the larger east African industry yet to be named.

## Faunal remains

### Large-mammal fauna

Research by Assefa et al. sampled all members but obtained faunal remains from only Members I, III, and IV. The faunal assemblages obtained from each member are similar in their diversity of mammals and are largely representative of the large mammals which comprise the current community of fauna in the area. That is, predominantly bovids, suids, and equids but also other ungulates such as hippopotamuses, rhinoceroses etc. The fossil fauna sample falls short in terms of its limited representation of primates (only a single specimen) and carnivores; some bovid species are not represented at all. Conversely, *Hylochoerus meinertzhageni* and *Cephalophus* are sampled in fossil fauna but are not in the extant community. The presence of *H. meinertzhageni* and *Cephalophus* is interesting because they are reportedly rare in the African fossil record having occurred in few sites such as the Matupi Cave. Another notable find within the fossil fauna is that of *Equus burchellii* and *E. grevyi* because this may suggests that the Omo Kibish area has for a long time been an exception to the otherwise rare coexistence of the two species in a given habitat. It is predicted that inadequate sample size rather than the existence of only current fauna during the late- middle Pleistocene may explain the absence of any extinct species within the Kibish Formation.

### Fish fauna

#### Taxonomic composition

In total, 337 skeletal specimens of fish were collected from the Kibish formation members; as in the case of the mammals, fossils were found only in members I,III and IV. Although some of the 337 specimens likely belonged to the same individuals, it is believed that summaries of the taxonomic frequencies is not greatly impacted by this fact.

Together perciforms and siluriforms (catfish) comprise a staggering 86.7 percent of the Kibish assemblage. Importantly, the order perciform is represented entirely by a single species (*Lates niloticus*) while 76 percent of siluriforms are represented by *Synodontis* and clariids. Although the Kibish ichthyofauna does not closely approximate the documented biodiversity of the extant community (9 out of the 37 known genera were identified), overall it is similar to the modern fauna in the region. Member III contained all nine genera while Member I was missing *Hydrocynus* and *Schilbe*; nonetheless the two members were similar in the taxonomic frequencies (by order). Member IV contained only the three predominant genera ( Lates, Synodontis and *Clarias*).

#### Hominid interaction

Although there are no suggestive markings on the fossil material itself, other lines of evidence suggest that fishing was an established method of subsistence for hominids occupying the Omo Turkana Basin. The main evidence includes barbed bone points, similar to those in other MSA sites, found in Member IV. In said MSA sites in eastern and southern Africa, these bone points were found in association with processed fish material. Moreover, characteristics of some of the Kibish taxa, such as their large size or preference for open waters habitats suggest that they would indeed require tools to be procured.

4°48′1.27″N 35°58′1.45″E / 4.8003528°N 35.9670694°E / 4.8003528; 35.9670694


title: One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji

abstract: One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji is a series of three illustrated books by Japanese ukiyo-e artist Hokusai. It is considered one of Japan's most exceptional illustrated books (e-hon), and alongside the Hokusai Manga, the most influential in the West. The first two volumes were published in 1834 and 1835, shortly after completion of his seminal Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji, with a third released in the late 1840s. The books contain over a hundred views of Mount Fuji in various styles and settings; Hokusai shows the peak in pure landscapes, with flora and fauna, in religious and mythological scenes and with different atmospheric effects, but above all, he focuses on ordinary people at work. The first two volumes are celebrated for their very high standards of woodblock printing, with "extremely fine cutting" and "exquisite gradation" (bokashi) of the grey blocks; they have been called a "masterpiece of monochrome printing".

text:
# One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji

***One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji*** (Japanese: 富嶽百景, Hepburn: *Fugaku hyakkei*) is a series of three illustrated books by Japanese ukiyo-e artist Hokusai. It is considered one of Japan's most exceptional illustrated books (*e-hon*), and alongside the *Hokusai Manga*, the most influential in the West. The first two volumes were published in 1834 and 1835, shortly after completion of his seminal *Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji*, with a third released in the late 1840s.

The books contain over a hundred views of Mount Fuji in various styles and settings; Hokusai shows the peak in pure landscapes, with flora and fauna, in religious and mythological scenes and with different atmospheric effects, but above all, he focuses on ordinary people at work.

The first two volumes are celebrated for their very high standards of woodblock printing, with "extremely fine cutting" and "exquisite gradation" (*bokashi*) of the grey blocks; they have been called a "masterpiece of monochrome printing".

## Publication

The first two volumes have embossed pink covers and feature what is known as a "falcon-feather" title slip. They were published by Nishimuraya Yohachi, who had issued the *Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji*, and Nishimura Sukezo in 1834 and 1835. The blocks were cut by the workshop of Egawa Tomekichi and are praised for their extremely high quality. Eirakuya Toshiro of Nagoya, publisher of the *Hokusai Manga*, issued the third volume, which is not as well printed as the first two. The date of publication is not known with certainty; the third is conventionally dated to 1849, though some prefer a date several years earlier.

The first volume is inscribed by the artist: "From the brush of the former Hokusai Iitsu changing name to Manji, the old man crazy about painting" (Saki no Hokusai Iitsu aratame Gakyo Rojin Manji hitsu). The book is the first major project of his to use the name "Manji" which he wrote with a character meaning ten thousand, a symbol of longevity. In a later pressing, at the age of seventy-five, he added his famous autobiographical colophon:

> From the age of six I had a penchant for copying the form of things, and from about fifty, my pictures were frequently published; but until the age of seventy, nothing that I drew was worthy of notice. At seventy-three years, I was somewhat able to fathom the growth of plants and trees, and the structure of birds, animals, insects, and fish. Thus, when I reach eighty years, I hope to have made increasing progress, and at ninety to see further into the underlying principles of things, so that at one hundred years I will have achieved a divine state in my art, and at one hundred and then, every dot and every stroke will be as though alive. Those of you who live long enough, bear witness that these words of mine prove not false.

## Subject matter

Coming soon after the publication of his famous *Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji*, Hokusai continued his "artistic and spiritual exploration" of the mountain. Whereas the *Thirty-six Views* largely consists of images drawn from reality, this work features few designs rooted in a specific place. The preface to volume three describes the compositions as "eccentric". Henry Smith states the books show how Hokusai saw Fuji as "a powerful reservoir of immortality that would assist him in his personal quest to live beyond one hundred years of age and fathom ultimate artistic truths".

Art historian Jack Hillier regarded the *One Hundred Views* as Hokusai's "masterwork" and as a summation of his artistic philosophy and practice.

* Calza, Gian Carlo (2003). *Hokusai*. Phaidon.
* Clark, Timothy (2001). *100 Views of Mount Fuji*. British Museum Press. ISBN 9780714114941.
* Hillier, Jack (1980). *The Art of Hokusai in Book Illustration*.
* Hillier, Jack; Smith, Lawrence (1980). *Japanese Prints: 300 Years of Albums and Books*. British Museum Press. ISBN 978-0714114187.
* Smith, Henry D. (1988). *Hokusai: One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji*. New York, Braziller & London, Thames & Hudson.
* Smith, Liane (1988). *Ukiyo-e: Images of Unknown Japan*. British Museum Press. ISBN 9780714114385.

## InfoBox

| Japanese: *富嶽百景*, Japanese: *Fugaku hyakkei* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Artist | Katsushika Hokusai |
| Year | 1834, 1835, c.1849 |
| Type | Illustrated books |


title: One Hundred Sycamore

abstract: One Hundred Sycamore is a building located at 100 North Sycamore Avenue in Los Angeles, California.

text:
# One Hundred Sycamore

**One Hundred Sycamore** is a building located at 100 North Sycamore Avenue in Los Angeles, California.

## Physical Characteristics

Built in 1929, the building exhibits character-defining features of Art Deco architecture including smooth surfaces with windows arranged in sunken vertical panels, flat roofs with parapets, and zigzag ornamentation, as evidenced by the attached photo exhibit. Historic building materials and character-defining design elements are generally extant.

From Charles J. Fisher's petition for implementation as a building of Historical Significance:

This brick and stucco apartment building is an excellent intact example of the Art Deco style that was built in Los Angeles during the late 1920s thru the beginning of WWII. The structure exhibits a high degree of integrity both interior and exterior. The original owner Charles R. Miller appears to have been a local developer. He is listed as the contractor on the permit, even though the Arthur C. Wright Company was a design-build firm. Arthur C. Wright had a construction business in Southern California from 1922 until his death in 1977.

The One Hundred North Sycamore Building displays a high degree of integrity in its design and is a fine well maintained building that gives a solid reference to its time and place. Although most previous owners do not seem historically significant, one exception is Sonia Suk, who was on title from 1970 until 1997. Suk was one of the main founders of the Korea Town community in Los Angeles and for many years held a prominent position in the local Korean American business community. It was during Suk's ownership that the building was brought up to code on both Section 88 Seismic Requirements and the Dorothy Mae Fire Requirements. The work was done in such a manner that it retained the architectural integrity of the building.

34°4′25.6″N 118°20′33.8″W / 34.073778°N 118.342722°W / 34.073778; -118.342722


title: On the Great Road

abstract: "On the Great Road", commonly known as We Walk on the Great Road, is a Chinese patriotic song written and composed by Li Jiefu in 1962 and published the following year. The song alludes to the metaphorical road to development for the Chinese people and state after the Great Leap Forward, as well as to the Long March undertaken by Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party in 1934. We Walk on the Great Road was a popular patriotic songs during the Cultural Revolution, and its optimistic tone and simple lyrics cemented it as one of the most popular and enduring patriotic songs of the era, being ranked by the Chinese National Culture Promotion Association as one of the 124 greatest Chinese musical works. Notably, the song was sung extensively during the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong, and featured prominently in the 50th Anniversary of the People's Republic Parade in 1999.

text:
# On the Great Road

"**On the Great Road**" (simplified Chinese: 我们走在大路上; traditional Chinese: 我們走在大路上; pinyin: *Wǒmen zǒu zài dàlù shàng*), commonly known as **We Walk on the Great Road**, is a Chinese patriotic song written and composed by Li Jiefu in 1962 and published the following year. The song alludes to the metaphorical road to development for the Chinese people and state after the Great Leap Forward, as well as to the Long March undertaken by Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party in 1934. We Walk on the Great Road was a popular patriotic songs during the Cultural Revolution, and its optimistic tone and simple lyrics cemented it as one of the most popular and enduring patriotic songs of the era, being ranked by the Chinese National Culture Promotion Association as one of the 124 greatest Chinese musical works. Notably, the song was sung extensively during the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong, and featured prominently in the 50th Anniversary of the People's Republic Parade in 1999.

## History

At the onset of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, Li Jiefu (born Li Yunlong) began songwriting for the Yan'an People's Drama Society of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants in China, a propagandist organisation in association with the Chinese Communist Party. Previously a pickpocket, Li was transferred to the Eighth Route Army in Northwestern China to aid in the propaganda effort. By 1939, Li had already produced a number of popular anti-Japanese songs, such as 'Our Iron Cavalry', 'Two Little Cows Singing', and 'The Five Champions of Langya Mountain'. By 1945, Li had become the President of the Yan'an People's Drama Society, and became responsible for much of the propaganda dissemination over Northwestern China.

In 1958, Mao Zedong implemented the Great Leap Forward, a series of economic and social policies attempting to modernise infrastructure and increase industrial output across China. This caused nationwide famine, and generally began to erode popular support for the communist system. In response, the CPC began aggressively increasing propaganda output in the early 1960s. It was under these conditions that Li created the song 'We Walk on the Great Road'. Allegedly, Li received inspiration for the lyrics after a chance meeting with a former friend and soldier during a visit to Beijing, who impressed Li with his iron resolve and optimistic disposition. The song was reportedly a personal favourite of Zhou Enlai.. The lyrics were altered to be more nationalistic in tone during the Cultural Revolution.

After the discrediting of the Gang of Four, the song was temporarily banned, however was eventually re-permitted following lyrical alterations, largely reverting to the original lyrics and removing references to Anti-Americanism, the Cultural Revolution, and Mao Zedong.

## Original lyrics

| Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | English translation |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 我们走在大路上,
意气风发斗志昂扬,
毛主席领导革命队伍,
披荆斩棘奔向前方.
向前进！ 向前进！
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向.
三面红旗迎风飘扬,
六亿人民奋发图强,
勤恳建设锦绣河山,
誓把祖国变成天堂.
向前进！ 向前进！
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向.
我们的朋友遍天下,
我们的歌声传四方,
革命风暴席卷全球,
牛鬼蛇神一片惊慌.
向前进！ 向前进！
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向.
我们的道路多么宽广,
我们的前程无比辉煌,
我们献身这壮丽的事业,
无限幸福无上荣光.
向前进！ 向前进！
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向.
 | wǒ men zǒu zài dà lù shàng ,
yì qì fēng fā dòu zhì áng yáng ,
Máo zhǔ xí lǐng dǎo gé mìng duì wǔ ,
pī jīng zhǎn jí bēn xiàng qián fāng .
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
sān miàn hóng qí yíng fēng piāo yáng ,
liù yì rén mín fèn fā tú qiáng ,
qín kěn jiàn shè jǐn xiù hé shān ,
shì bǎ zǔ guó biàn chéng tiān táng .
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
wǒ mén de péng yǒu biàn tiān xià ,
wǒ mén de gē shēng chuán sì fāng ,
gé mìng fēng bào xí juǎn quán qiú ,
niú guǐ shé shén yī piàn jīng huāng .
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
wǒ mén de dào lù duō me kuān guǎng ,
wǒ mén de qián chéng wú bǐ huī huáng ,
wǒ mén xiàn shēn zhè zhuàng lì de shì yè ,
wú xiàn xìng fú wú shàng róng guāng .
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ！xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
 | We walk on the great road,
With high spirits and high morale,
Chairman Mao leads the revolutionary masses.
Rushing forward and throwing thorns aside.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
The three red flags flutter in the wind.
Six hundred million people are spirited in labor,
Diligently building up the splendid mountains and rivers,
Vowing to turn the motherland into a paradise.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
Our friends are all over the world,
Our songs are heard in all directions.
The revolutionary storm swept across the world,
Leaving ghosts and demons in morbid panic.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
Our road is endlessly broad,
Our future is infinitely brilliant.
We are dedicated to this magnificent undertaking,
With infinite happiness and exalted glory.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
 |

## Lyrics during the Cultural Revolution

| Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | English translation |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 我们走在大路上,
高举红旗向太阳,
毛主席领导革命队伍,
披荆斩棘奔向前方。
向前进！ 向前进！
革命洪流不可阻挡，
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向。
万里河山红烂漫，
文化革命胜利辉煌，
工人阶级领导一切，
七亿人民斗志昂扬。
向前进！ 向前进！
革命洪流不可阻挡，
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向。
我们的朋友遍天下,
我们的歌声传四方,
革命风暴席卷全球,
美帝苏修一定灭亡。
向前进！ 向前进！
革命洪流不可阻挡，
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向。
大海航行靠舵手，
干革命靠毛泽东思想，
永远忠于毛主席，
红心似火意志如钢。
向前进！ 向前进！
革命洪流不可阻挡，
向前进！ 向前进！
朝着胜利的方向。
 | wǒ men zǒu zài dà lù shàng ,
gāo jǔ hóng qí xiàng tài yáng ,
máo zhǔ xí lǐng dǎo gé mìng duì wǔ ,
pī jīng zhǎn jí bēn xiàng qián fāng 。
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng hóng liú bù kě zǔ dǎng ，
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng 。
wàn lǐ hé shān hóng làn màn ，
wén huà gé mìng shèng lì huī huáng ，
gōng rén jiē jí lǐng dǎo yī qiē ，
qī yì rén mín dòu zhì áng yáng 。
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng hóng liú bù kě zǔ dǎng ，
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng 。
wǒ mén dí péng yǒu biàn tiān xià ,
wǒ mén dí gē shēng chuán sì fāng ,
gé mìng fēng bào xí juàn quán qiú ,
měi dì sū xiū yī dìng miè wáng 。
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng hóng liú bù kě zǔ dǎng ，
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng 。
dà hǎi háng xíng kào duò shǒu ，
gàn gé mìng kào Máo Zé dōng sī xiǎng ，
yǒng yuǎn zhōng yú Máo zhǔ xí ，
hóng xīn sì huǒ yì zhì rú gāng 。
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
gé mìng hóng liú bù kě zǔ dǎng ，
xiàng qián jìn ！ xiàng qián jìn ！
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng。
 | We walk on the great road,
Holding a red flag to the sun,
Chairman Mao leads the revolutionary masses,
Rushing forward and throwing thorns aside.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The torrent of revolution is irresistible
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
Ten thousand miles of mountains and rivers shines crimson
The cultural revolution is victorious and brilliant.
The working class leads everything.
Seven hundred million people are highly motivated in their struggles.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The torrent of revolution is irresistible
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
Our friends are all over the world,
Our songs are heard in all directions.
The revolutionary storm swept across the world,
American imperialists and Soviet revisionists will certainly perish.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The torrent of revolution is irresistible
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
Sailing the seas depends on the helmsman,
The revolution depends on Mao Zedong Thought.
Be always loyal to Chairman Mao,
Red hearts like fire will be like steel.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The torrent of revolution is irresistible
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
 |

## Contemporary lyrics

| Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | English translation |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 我们走在大路上,
意气风发斗志昂扬,
共产党领导革命队伍,
披荆斩棘奔向前方.
向前进!向前进!
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进!向前进!
朝着胜利的方向.
革命红旗迎风飘扬,
中华儿女发奋图强,
勤恳建设锦绣河山,
誓把祖国变成天堂.
向前进!向前进!
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进!向前进!
朝着胜利的方向.
我们的道路洒满阳光,
我们的歌声传四方，
我们的朋友遍及全球,
五洲架起友谊桥梁。
向前进!向前进!
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进!向前进!
朝着胜利的方向.
我们的道路多么宽广,
我们的前程无比辉煌,
我们献身这壮丽的事业,
无限幸福无限荣光.
向前进!向前进!
革命气势不可阻挡,
向前进!向前进!
朝着胜利的方向.
 | wǒ men zǒu zài dà lù shàng ,
yì qì fēng fā dǒu zhì áng yáng ,
gòng chǎn dǎng lǐng dǎo gé mìng duì wǔ ,
pī jīng zhǎn jí bēn xiàng qián fāng .
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
gé mìng hóng qí yíng fēng piāo yáng ,
zhōng huá ér nǚ fā fèn tú qiáng ,
qín kěn jiàn shè jǐn xiù hé shān ,
shì bǎ zǔ guó biàn chéng tiān táng .
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
wǒ mén dí dào lù sǎ mǎn yáng guāng,
wǒ mén dí gē shēng chuán sì fāng ，
wǒ mén dí péng yǒu biàn jí quán qiú ,
wǔ zhōu jià qǐ yǒu yì qiáo liáng 。
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
wǒ mén dí dào lù duō me kuān guǎng
wǒ mén dí qián chéng wú bǐ huī huáng ,
wǒ mén xiàn shēn zhè zhuàng lì dí shì yè ,
wú xiàn xìng fú wú xiàn róng guāng .
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
gé mìng qì shì bù kě zǔ dǎng ,
xiàng qián jìn ! xiàng qián jìn !
cháo zhe shèng lì de fāng xiàng .
 | We walk on the great road,
With high spirits and high morale,
The Communist party leads the revolutionary masses.
Rushing forward and throwing thorns aside.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
The revolutionary red flag fluttered in the wind.
The Chinese people are struggling
Diligently building up the splendid mountains and rivers,
Vowing to turn the motherland into a paradise.
Go ahead! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go ahead! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
Our road is full of sunshine.
Our songs are heard in all directions.
Our friends are all over the world,
Five continents building bridges of friendship.
Go forward! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go forward! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory.
Our road is endlessly broad,
Our future is infinitely brilliant.
We are dedicated to this magnificent undertaking,
With infinite happiness and exalted glory.
Go forward! Go ahead!
The momentum of the revolution is unstoppable,
Go forward! Go ahead!
In the direction of victory. |


title: Country Club Hills, Illinois

abstract: Country Club Hills is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb south of Chicago. The population was 16,775 at the 2020 census.

text:
# Country Club Hills, Illinois

**Country Club Hills** is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb south of Chicago. The population was 16,775 at the 2020 census.

## History

10,000 years ago, during a glacial period, there was a complex of moraines in this area, before modern times.

Country Club Hills was historically known as Copper's Grove, a German Farmer-based place, throughout the 1800s. It was used for growing crops, and a lot more at that time.

In the 1950s, Copper's Grove started to transition into present-day Country Club Hills, where farms started to move away, and started to get more populated. As a result, Country Club Hills became a incorporated city in 1958. The first town hall was located on a farmhouse on the southeastern corner of present day Cicero Ave. and 183rd St. That building relocated to currently the Police Department building on 175th St in 1975.

The city has been developing rapidly since then, especially in 2006, where the city used a $16 million municipal bond to build a $5 million amphitheatre on the City Campus, a $2 million fire station, an upgraded community park, and various infrastructure improvement projects.

## Geography

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Country Club Hills has a total area of 4.99 square miles (12.92 km2), of which 4.97 square miles (12.87 km2) (or 99.66%) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) (or 0.34%) is water.

Country Club Hills is neighbored by Hazel Crest to the east, Flossmoor and Matteson to the south, Oak Forest to the northwest, Markham to the north, and the Cook County Forest Preserves and Tinley Park to the west.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1960 | 3,421 |  |  |
| 1970 | 6,920 |  | 102.3% |
| 1980 | 14,676 |  | 112.1% |
| 1990 | 15,431 |  | 5.1% |
| 2000 | 16,169 |  | 4.8% |
| 2010 | 16,541 |  | 2.3% |
| 2020 | 16,775 |  | 1.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the 2020 census there were 16,775 people, 5,695 households, and 3,802 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,363.75 inhabitants per square mile (1,298.75/km2). There were 6,164 housing units at an average density of 1,236.01 per square mile (477.23/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 86.46% African American, 6.30% White, 0.79% Asian, 0.27% Native American, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 2.21% from other races, and 3.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.04% of the population.

There were 5,695 households, out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.96% were married couples living together, 21.79% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.24% were non-families. 29.06% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.31% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.59 and the average family size was 2.88.

The city's age distribution consisted of 22.0% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $70,306, and the median income for a family was $85,357. Males had a median income of $51,563 versus $42,955 for females. The per capita income for the city was $30,318. About 11.2% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.7% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.

**Country Club Hills, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition**
*Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.*
| Race / Ethnicity (*NH = Non-Hispanic*) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| White alone (NH) | 2,248 | 1,343 | 960 | 13.90% | 8.12% | 5.72% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 13,167 | 14,299 | 14,365 | 81.43% | 86.45% | 85.63% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 19 | 34 | 20 | 0.12% | 0.21% | 0.12% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 164 | 162 | 129 | 1.01% | 0.98% | 0.77% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0.00% | 0.01% | 0.01% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 19 | 14 | 46 | 0.12% | 0.08% | 0.27% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 272 | 226 | 408 | 1.68% | 1.37% | 2.43% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 280 | 461 | 846 | 1.73% | 2.79% | 5.04% |
| **Total** | **16,169** | **16,541** | **16,775** | **100.00%** | **100.00%** | **100.00%** |

## Arts and culture

In 2006, Country Club Hills became the location of Chicago metropolitan area's largest Wal-Mart Supercenter at over 203,000 square feet (18,900 m2). The development was an anchor to the first phase of the Gatling Square Mile, Cook County's largest parcel of undeveloped land at about 400 acres (1.6 km2).

Country Club Hills is part of the Grande Prairie Public Library District. The Grande Prairie Public Library is located in nearby Hazel Crest.

## Government

Country Club Hills is divided between two congressional districts. Nearly all of the city is in Illinois's 2nd congressional district, but some small areas along the city's western edge  primarily between 179th and 183rd Streets west of Lavergne Avenue  are in the 1st district.

## Education

Since 1967, Country Club Hills has been home to Bremen Community High School District 228's Hillcrest High School, located at 175th and Pulaski (Crawford),(which serves most of the city north of 183rd St.). The school has been on an academic watch list for 6 years, and is currently in a "restructuring plan" to increase school academics. Parts of the city west of Cicero Ave, and North of 183rd St/I-80 attends Tinley Park High School, also in Bremen Community High School District 228. The southern half of the city (South of 183rd St) attends Rich Central High School, which is in Rich Township School District 227.

Country Club Hills School District 160 serves most of the city, which contains 2 elementary schools, and Southwood Middle School. Prairie-Hills School District 144 serves portions of the city north of 175th St. and east of Pulaski Rd., which contains 6 elementary schools, and Prairie-Hills Junior High School in neighboring Markham.

## Transportation

Pace provides bus service on multiple routes connecting Country Club Hills to destinations across the Southland.

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Country Club Hills | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
|  | |
| Nickname: "The Crossroads of Opportunity" | |
| Motto: "Honoring our heritage while embracing our future" | |
| Location of Country Club Hills in Cook County, Illinois. | |
| Location of Illinois in the United States | |
| Coordinates: 41°33′44″N 87°43′15″W / 41.56222°N 87.72083°W / 41.56222; -87.72083 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Cook |
| Townships | Bremen, Rich |
| Incorporated | 1958 |
| Government | |
| Type | Mayor-Aldermanic council |
| Mayor | James W. Ford |
| Area | |
| Total | 4.99 sq mi (12.92 km2) |
| Land | 4.97 sq mi (12.87 km2) |
| Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.04 km2)  0.41% |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 16,775 |
| Density | 3,375.25/sq mi (1,303.14/km2) |
| Standard of living (2007-11) | |
| Per capita income | $25,563 |
| Median home value | $161,900 |
| ZIP code(s) | 60478 |
| Area code(s) | 708 |
| Geocode | 17-16691 |
| FIPS code | 17-16691 |
| Website | countryclubhills.org |


title: Country Club Hills, Missouri

abstract: Country Club Hills is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,274 at the 2010 census.

text:
# Country Club Hills, Missouri

**Country Club Hills** is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,274 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.18 square miles (0.47 km2), all land.

## History

Country Club Hills was incorporated in 1958.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1950 | 1,731 |  |  |
| 1960 | 1,763 |  | 1.8% |
| 1970 | 1,644 |  | −6.7% |
| 1980 | 1,315 |  | −20.0% |
| 1990 | 1,316 |  | 0.1% |
| 2000 | 1,381 |  | 4.9% |
| 2010 | 1,274 |  | −7.7% |
| 2020 | 1,014 |  | −20.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2020 census

**Country Club Hills, Missouri – Racial and ethnic composition**
*Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.*
| Race / Ethnicity (*NH = Non-Hispanic*) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| White alone (NH) | 230 | 103 | 62 | 16.65% | 8.08% | 6.11% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 1,116 | 1,158 | 917 | 80.81% | 90.89% | 90.43% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0.22% | 0.16% | 0.00% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.07% | 0.00% | 0.10% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.07% | 0.00% | 0.10% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 19 | 9 | 24 | 1.38% | 0.71% | 2.37% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 11 | 2 | 9 | 0.80% | 0.16% | 0.89% |
| **Total** | **1,381** | **1,274** | **1,014** | **100.00%** | **100.00%** | **100.00%** |

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 1,274 people, 462 households, and 343 families living in the city. The population density was 7,077.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,732.8/km2). There were 534 housing units at an average density of 2,966.7 per square mile (1,145.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 8.2% White, 90.9% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.1% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.2% of the population.

There were 462 households, of which 45.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 23.8% were married couples living together, 44.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.8% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.18.

The median age in the city was 31.4 years. 30.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.4% were from 25 to 44; 24.5% were from 45 to 64; and 7.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 44.3% male and 55.7% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,381 people, 515 households, and 373 families living in the city. The population density was 7,761.7 inhabitants per square mile (2,996.8/km2). There were 557 housing units at an average density of 3,130.5 per square mile (1,208.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 17.16% White, 80.96% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.07% Asian, 0.07% from other races, and 1.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.80% of the population.

There were 515 households, out of which 39.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.5% were married couples living together, 38.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.4% were non-families. 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 32.3% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 70.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,955, and the median income for a family was $31,845. Males had a median income of $26,938 versus $22,727 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,374. About 14.1% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.3% of those under age 18 and 12.4% of those age 65 or over.

## InfoBox

| Country Club Hills, Missouri | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Location of Country Club Hills, Missouri | |
| Coordinates: 38°43′15″N 90°16′30″W / 38.72083°N 90.27500°W / 38.72083; -90.27500 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Missouri |
| County | St. Louis |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Bender McKinney, Jr. |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.19 sq mi (0.48 km2) |
| Land | 0.19 sq mi (0.48 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 538 ft (164 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 1,014 |
| Density | 5,451.61/sq mi (2,099.65/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 63136 |
| Area code | 314 |
| FIPS code | 29-16822 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2393652 |


title: Cradle (video game)

abstract: Cradle is a 2015 science-fiction first-person adventure game on the topic of transhumanism, developed by Flying Cafe for Semianimals.

text:
# Cradle (video game)

***Cradle*** is a 2015 science-fiction first-person adventure game on the topic of transhumanism, developed by Flying Cafe for Semianimals.

## Gameplay

*Cradle* is a first-person adventure game where the player solves puzzles in and around an abandoned amusement park located in the Mongolian steppe. The gameplay varies between solving inventory-based puzzles in the environment, and arcade-style platforming puzzles in a virtual space.

## Reception

*Cradle* received "mixed or average reviews", according to the review aggregator Metacritic. The game was reviewed by various critics.

## InfoBox

| Cradle | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Flying Cafe for Semianimals |
| Publisher(s) | Flying Cafe for Semianimals |
| Engine | Unigine |
| Platform(s) | Windows |
| Release | July 24, 2015 |
| Genre(s) | Adventure game |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


title: Cradle (circus act)

abstract: The cradle is a type of aerial circus act in which a performer hangs by his or her knees from a large rectangular frame and swings, tosses, and catches another performer. The aerialist being swung is referred to as a flyer, while the one doing the tossing and catching is referred to as a catcher or caster. The flyer usually starts and ends standing on the frame above the catcher. The flyer swings holding on to the catcher's hands, performs releases at the top of the swing, and is re-caught in mid-air. The frame can be static or swinging. A variant called the Russian cradle or Korean cradle has the catcher/caster standing, secured by a safety belt. This type of aerial performance has been used in many circuses, both in "big tops" and on stage, including by Cirque du Soleil and the Moscow State Circus.

text:
# Cradle (circus act)

The **cradle** (also known as **aerial cradle** or **casting cradle**) is a type of aerial circus act in which a performer hangs by his or her knees from a large rectangular frame and swings, tosses, and catches another performer. The aerialist being swung is referred to as a flyer, while the one doing the tossing and catching is referred to as a catcher or caster. The flyer usually starts and ends standing on the frame above the catcher. The flyer swings holding on to the catcher's hands, performs releases at the top of the swing, and is re-caught in mid-air.

The frame can be static or swinging. A variant called the Russian cradle or Korean cradle has the catcher/caster standing, secured by a safety belt.

This type of aerial performance has been used in many circuses, both in "big tops" and on stage, including by Cirque du Soleil and the Moscow State Circus.