title: Carl Paivio

abstract: Carl Paivio was a Finnish American labor activist and anarchist. He became known in 1919 during the First Red Scare as Paivio and his fellow anarchist Gust Alonen were convicted of "criminal anarchy" for writing in a radical newspaper. Paivio and Alonen were the first activists convicted in the State of New York for violating the Criminal Anarchy law, although it was passed already in 1902 right after the assassination of the president William McKinley.

text:
# Carl Paivio

**Carl Paivio** (born **Karl Einar Päiviö**; 23 November 1893  April 1952) was a Finnish American labor activist and anarchist. He became known in 1919 during the First Red Scare as Paivio and his fellow anarchist Gust Alonen were convicted of "criminal anarchy" for writing in a radical newspaper. Paivio and Alonen were the first activists convicted in the State of New York for violating the Criminal Anarchy law, although it was passed already in 1902 right after the assassination of the president William McKinley.

## Life

Paivio was born in Töysä, and emigrated to the United States as an illegal immigrant at the age of 22. He sailed from Finland via Australia as a crew member of a Finnish merchant ship and boarded Seattle in the fall of 1915. December 1917 Paivio moved to New York City and joined the syndicalist trade union Industrial Workers of the World. He was a member of the Finnish IWW local in the Bronx. It was known as a radical splinter group within the IWW, opposing all centralized power or centralized organization. The group was publishing a Finnish language anarchist paper called *Luokkataistelu* (The Class Struggle), Paivio was the editor and Gust Alonen worked as the co-editor.

The Lusk Committee raided the IWW Manhattan headquarters on 21 June 1919 and found several copies of the *Luokkataistelu* paper. The committee was interested on the article ″The Activity of the Rioting Masses″ published in the March edition. Content of this article finally brought Paivio and Alonen the charges of criminal anarchy. The article included the often quoted lines:

> A rioting mob is the one and only possible means for organizing a fight in these last open and decisive blood-battles between the capitalists and the working classes. To Hell with the teachings of peaceful revolution. The bloody seizure of power by the working classes is the only possible way, because as long as our enemy is able to raise even one sword a bloodless fight is a day dream.

Paivio and Alonen were arrested in August and the trial started on 6 October. On 28 October 1919 Supreme Court Justice Bartow S. Weeks sentenced them to prison terms of from four to eight years for "criminal anarchy". The court also called for the deportation of Paivio and Alonen when their sentences expired, but it was never executed.

Carl Paivio was released from Clinton Prison in 1923. He continued his activities in several leftist organizations, but according to the autobiography of Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Paivio later moved from anarchism towards communism. He became the national secretary of the Communist Party affiliated Finnish America Mutual Aid Society and was also employed by the International Workers Order. Through the 1930s and 1940s Paivio was a prominent leftist political organizer, lecturer and instructor. During the Second Red Scare led by United States Senator Joseph McCarthy Paivio was held for deportation under the McCarran–Walter Act and kept on Ellis Island, but he died there before he was deported to Finland.

1. "Carl Paivio Obituary". *The New York Times*. 18 April 1952. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
2. "2 ANARCHISTS GET PRISON SENTENCES; Alonen and Piavio Must Serve from Four to Eight Years in Sing Sing". *The New York Times*. 29 October 1919. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
3. Hyder, Thomas. "The "Activist" Lives of Gust Alonen and Carl Paivio". IndyMedia. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
4. Cashman, Sean Dennis: *America Ascendant: From Theodore Roosevelt to FDR in the Century of American Power, 1901-1945*. p. 176. New York University Press, New York, NY, 1998. ISBN 081-47156-5-6.

## InfoBox

| Carl Paivio | |
| --- | --- |
| 1919 mugshot of Carl Paivio | |
| Born | 23 November 1893
Töysä, Grand Duchy of Finland |
| Died | April 1952 (aged 58)
Ellis Island, New York |
| Occupation | labor activist |


title: John Day (Nova Scotia legislator)

abstract: John Day was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Newport Township from 1765 to 1769 and Halifax Township from 1774 to 1775 in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. He was the son of Doctor George Day. During the late 1750s, Day was a naval surgeon and merchant. He married Sarah Mercer in 1755. In 1763, he married Henrietta Maria Cottnam after the death of his first wife. He was named a justice of the peace for King's County in 1764. In 1769, he left for Philadelphia where he set up in business as a druggist. He returned to Halifax in 1773, again entering business as a merchant. He resigned his seat in the provincial assembly in April 1775. He was lost at sea later that year while transporting supplies to the garrison at Boston. His son, who was also named John Day, went on to represent Newport township in the provincial assembly.

text:
# John Day (Nova Scotia legislator)

**John Day** (before 1755  November 1775) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Newport Township from 1765 to 1769 and Halifax Township from 1774 to 1775 in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

He was the son of Doctor George Day. During the late 1750s, Day was a naval surgeon and merchant. He married Sarah Mercer in 1755. In 1763, he married Henrietta Maria Cottnam after the death of his first wife. He was named a justice of the peace for King's County in 1764. In 1769, he left for Philadelphia where he set up in business as a druggist. He returned to Halifax in 1773, again entering business as a merchant. He resigned his seat in the provincial assembly in April 1775. He was lost at sea later that year while transporting supplies to the garrison at Boston.

His son, who was also named John Day, went on to represent Newport township in the provincial assembly.

* Thorpe, Wendy L (1979). "John Day". *Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online*. Retrieved 5 October 2008.


title: Kęstutis Lapinskas

abstract: Kęstutis Lapinskas is an expert of Constitutional law and current President of Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania, who replaced Egidijus Kūris at this position. Kęstutis Lapinskas is one of the signatory of the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, former President of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania.

text:
# Kęstutis Lapinskas

**Kęstutis Lapinskas** (29 January 1937) is an expert of Constitutional law and current President of Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania, who replaced Egidijus Kūris at this position. Kęstutis Lapinskas is one of the signatory of the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, former President of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania.

## Biography

Kęstutis Lapinskas was born in Šakiai district back in 1937. After initial education he moved to Vilnius there he finished Faculty of Law at Vilnius University, in 1960. After almost six years finished M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University and defended his thesis. Worked in various positions in Vilnius University, including associate professor and later, Head of the Department of Public Law of the Faculty of Law. On March 11, 1990, sign the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, soon afterwards he was appointed into work group drafting Lithuanian Constitution. Between 1993 and 1999 served as Justice of Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania, in 2000 took position as President of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania, after two years he was appointed to justice of the Constitutional Court for second term. In 2008, Kęstutis Lapinskas was named as President of Constitutional Court, replacing Egidijus Kūris.


title: Dagobert Biermann

abstract: Dagobert Biermann was a German Communist and resistance fighter against National Socialism. His son is German singer and former East German dissident Wolf Biermann. He was murdered in Auschwitz.

text:
# Dagobert Biermann

**Dagobert Biermann** (13 November 1904 — 22 February 1943) was a German Communist and resistance fighter against National Socialism. His son is German singer and former East German dissident Wolf Biermann. He was murdered in Auschwitz.

## Background

Dagobert Biermann was born in Hamburg to Louise (née Löwenthal) and John Biermann. Biermann was Jewish. He and his wife, Emma (née Dietrich), were members of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). Before the Nazis seized power, a time when the KPD held the Social Democrats (SPD) in disdain, Biermann believed there should be unity between the KPD and the SPD.

## Resistance activity

After Adolf Hitler seized power, Biermann went underground, and published the *Hamburger Volkszeitung* ("Hamburg Peoples' Newspaper"). He and his group were discovered, and Biermann was sentenced to two years at hard labor at Zuchthaus Lübeck, where he met the lawyer, Herbert Michaelis, and the lathe operator, Bruno Rieboldt. Biermann was released in May 1935, and found employment as a metalworker at Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft on the waterfront, along with Rieboldt, who was also released. Biermann re-joined the KPD, and resumed working with the German Resistance.

Biermann and Riebodt began working with Michaelis, with Rieboldt reporting to him about the armaments work, and especially about the production of airplane motors and warships. In 1937, the Resistance group disclosed a secret weapons shipment from Adolf Hitler to Spain's Francisco Franco. Biermann learned of the shipment from his brother-in-law, Karl Dietrich, a ship captain. Biermann and other shipyard workers decided to collect whatever evidence they could of the shipment bound for Spain. Michaelis had contacts living abroad, in exile, who could help spread the word. One example of evidence was discovered in March 1937, when Dietrich slipped two unusual rifle cartridges to Biermann. Unlike normal munitions, these cartridges were unmarked, having no indication of manufacturer, date, or type of bullet. Michaelis passed such information, along with reports of ship movements towards Spain and other materials, to the head of the KPD in Basel, where it was then made public.

At the same time, leaflets and graffiti calling for solidarity with the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War began to appear at the harbor. A Gestapo spy managed to infiltrate the Resistance group, and Biermann and others were arrested. Biermann was charged with sabotaging Nazi ships. Michaelis was sentenced to death by the *Volksgerichthof* in 1939, even before the beginning of the Second World War. Biermann and others were sentenced to prison, Biermann receiving six years. In 1942, the Nazis decided to eliminate their Jewish political prisoners, and Biermann was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp, where he was murdered on 22 February 1943.

## Commemoration

Biermann is included in the Ernst Thälmann Memorial, and in the book, *Streiflichter aus dem Hamburger Widerstand 1933-1945*.

## Further reading

* Ursel Hochmuth and Gertrud Meyer, Editors. *Streiflichter aus dem Hamburger Widerstand 1933–1945*, Frankfurt am Main (1969) p. 342 (in German)

## InfoBox

| Dagobert Biermann | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 13 November 1904
Hamburg, Germany |
| Died | 22 February 1943
Auschwitz |
| Nationality | German |
| Occupation(s) | Communist and resistance fighter |


title: Bulbophyllum leandrianum

abstract: Bulbophyllum leandrianum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum found in Madagascar.

text:
# Bulbophyllum leandrianum

***Bulbophyllum leandrianum*** is a species of orchid in the genus *Bulbophyllum* found in Madagascar.

## InfoBox

| *Bulbophyllum leandrianum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | *Bulbophyllum* |
| Species: | ***B. leandrianum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Bulbophyllum leandrianum***<br>H.Perrier | |
|


title: Canamar

abstract: "Canamar" is the forty-third episode of the science fiction television series Star Trek: Enterprise, the seventeenth of the second season. Mistaken for smugglers, Captain Archer and Commander Tucker find themselves on a prisoner transport ship. Canamar is the name of the Enolian penal colony. The episode also features Sub-commander T'Pol, and alien prisoner Kuroda.

text:
# Canamar

"**Canamar**" is the forty-third episode of the science fiction television series *Star Trek: Enterprise*, the seventeenth of the second season (production #217).

Mistaken for smugglers, Captain Archer and Commander Tucker find themselves on a prisoner transport ship.

Canamar is the name of the Enolian penal colony. The episode also features Sub-commander T'Pol, and alien prisoner Kuroda (Mark Rolston).

## Plot

Upon leaving the Enolian homeworld, Captain Archer and Commander Tucker are mistakenly identified as smugglers and arrested. They are placed on a prison transport headed for the penal colony known as Canamar. Among their fellow prisoners is a man named Kuroda, and a hulking Nausicaan. Back on *Enterprise*, Sub-Commander T'Pol, having found the abandoned shuttlepod, manages to convince an Enolian official that Archer and Tucker are innocent. Just as they are about to be released, however, Kuroda breaks free and takes down the guard and pilot.

When the vessel comes under attack from Enolian patrol ships, Archer convinces Kuroda to allow Tucker to assist them. Tucker manages to create a plasma cloud diversion, allowing the transport to jump to warp. Kuroda is impressed with Archer's ploy. In fact, Kuroda has come to respect Archer and asks him to join him on his next endeavor. As the two men talk, Kuroda reveals that he was 14 when he first spent time in a penal colony. He was innocent, but he still spent five years in prison, and started making a living as a criminal after he was released. Kuroda also finally reveals that they will rendezvous with another ship at Tamaal and destroy the transport. Archer, determined to save the other prisoners, enlists Tucker's aid.

Tucker is freed under the pretext of fixing a docking hatch, and manages to render the Nausicaan unconscious, but draws the attention of Kuroda, who realizes that Archer has been plotting against him all along. The transport soon docks, but when the doors open, Lieutenant Reed and Ensign Mayweather appear. The crew evacuate the transport, which is now in a decaying orbit, but Kuroda refuses to leave. Back on *Enterprise*, the Enolian official demands a report for his superiors. Archer tersely informs the official that he and Tucker were falsely arrested, and wonders how many others on their way to Canamar do not belong there.

## Production

The episode was directed by Allan Kroeker. It was written by John Shiban who previous wrote the episodes "Minefield" and "Dawn". The story idea had originally been part of the episode Judgment where Archer was sentenced to a Klingon penal colony but Brannon Braga liked "Archer on a prison transport" concept so much he wanted to make it into a separate episode, which eventually became "Canamar".

Filming took eight days in two blocks, six days from December 13 to December 20 and after the holidays another two days on Monday and Tuesday, January 5 and January 6, 2003. The majority of the regular cast finished after two days of filming, Bakula and Trinneer were required for the entire shoot, most of which took place on the Enolian prison ship.

Guest star Mark Rolston who played Kuroda, previously appeared as "Lieutenant Pierce" in *The Next Generation* episode '"Eye of the Beholder". He found the fight scenes strenuous, and said "Scott \[Bakula\] and I must have spent ten hours filming the fights. And let me tell you, both of us are in our forties now so it's not quite as easy as it used to be."

Brian Tyler composed the score for the episode (and the episode Regeneration later in the season). Tyler previously scored the Sci-Fi channel mini-series *Frank Herbert's Children of Dune* and had replaced composer Jerry Goldsmith on the film Timeline. Some of his work had been used as a temp track and the producers decided to ask him if he would score the episode. As a Star Trek fan he agreed, with the added condition that he also get a full tour of the "Enterprise" set.

## Reception

Canamar was first broadcast February 26, 2003 on UPN. It had an average of 4.10 million viewers.

Michelle Erica Green at *TrekToday* called it "a decent action hour, and then it's over" summing up that it's not "offering much subtextual commentary on prison" and not moving "Trek's social agenda" nor "breaking new...ground...showing the gritty sides of main characters." Green said it "feels like a merger of *Next Gen*'s 'Gambit' and *Voyager*'s 'The Chute'" noting that "the action is well-paced and engrossing" while crediting the "good guest performances and excellent directing." *Jammer's Reviews* rated this 2 out of 4 stars with a brief summation of an "excellent lesson in how to spin your wheels." Jamahl Epsicokhan called it "formulaic action fluff" even though admitting it was "handsomely produced" and "slickly directed."

*The Digital Fix* said this episode was "fun" and compared it to a theatrical movie.

In his 2022 rewatch, Keith DeCandido of Tor.com gave it 4 out of 10.

## Awards

The episode was nominated for an Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Makeup For A Series (Prosthetic), but lost to Primetime Glick.

## Home media release

This episode was released for home media use on DVD as part of the second series box set of *Star Trek: Enterprise*. Season Two was released on Blu-ray Disc August 20, 2013.

## InfoBox

| "**Canamar**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Star Trek: Enterprise* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 2<br>Episode 17 |
| Directed by | Allan Kroeker |
| Written by | John Shiban |
| Featured music | Brian Tyler |
| Production code | 217 |
| Original air date | February 26, 2003 (2003-02-26) |
| Guest appearances | |
|  | |
|
|


title: Puebla de Yeltes

abstract: Puebla de Yeltes is a village and municipality in the province of Salamanca, western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located 65 kilometres (40 mi) from the provincial capital city of Salamanca and has a population of 151 people.

text:
# Puebla de Yeltes

**Puebla de Yeltes** is a village and municipality in the province of Salamanca, western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located 65 kilometres (40 mi) from the provincial capital city of Salamanca and has a population of 151 people.

## Geography

The municipality covers an area of 37 km2 (14 sq mi). It lies 979 metres (3,212 ft) above sea level and the postal code is 37606.

## Economy

## Culture

## InfoBox

| Puebla de Yeltes | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location in Salamanca | |
| Coordinates: 40°37′35″N 6°10′56″W / 40.62639°N 6.18222°W / 40.62639; -6.18222 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Castile and León |
| Province | Salamanca |
| Comarca | Comarca de Ciudad Rodrigo |
| Subcomarca | Campo del Yeltes |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Felix Redondo Becerro (PSOE) |
| Area | |
| Total | 37 km2 (14 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 979 m (3,212 ft) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 149 |
| Density | 4.0/km2 (10/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 37606 |


title: Tha Carter

abstract: Tha Carter is the fourth studio album by American rapper Lil Wayne. It was released on June 29, 2004, by Cash Money Records and Universal Records. The production on the album was mostly handled by Cash Money's former in-house producer Mannie Fresh, before Mannie left the label. A chopped and screwed version of the album was also released in 2004. The album spawned four sequels: Tha Carter II, Tha Carter III, Tha Carter IV, and Tha Carter V. The album debuted at number five on the US Billboard 200 chart and received favorable reviews from critics, selling 116,000 copies in its first week. "Go D.J." became Wayne's first mainstream hit as a lead artist, reaching the top 15 of the Billboard Hot 100. The album was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in September 2020.

text:
# Tha Carter

***Tha Carter*** is the fourth studio album by American rapper Lil Wayne. It was released on June 29, 2004, by Cash Money Records and Universal Records. The production on the album was mostly handled by Cash Money's former in-house producer Mannie Fresh, before Mannie left the label. A chopped and screwed version of the album was also released in 2004. The album spawned four sequels: *Tha Carter II*, *Tha Carter III*, *Tha Carter IV*, and *Tha Carter V*.

The album debuted at number five on the US *Billboard* 200 chart and received favorable reviews from critics, selling 116,000 copies in its first week. "Go D.J." became Wayne's first mainstream hit as a lead artist, reaching the top 15 of the *Billboard* Hot 100. The album was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in September 2020.

## Background and singles

*Tha Carter* was originally slated to launch in late 2003, but due to a change in musical direction, features and legal issues, it was revised into the mixtape *Da Drought*. Much of the beats for the album were crafted by then-Cash Money's frequent record producer Mannie Fresh. Wayne eschewed writing and developing his rhymes with intention, and instead focused on feeling, entering a stream-of-consciousness state where he freestyled much of lyrics on the spot. Stylistically the album was developed with tastemakers and public perception in mind, but with a distinct Cash Money/NOLA bent: "We do what people want us to do, but our way," he confirmed.

The album's lead single, "Bring It Back" was released on April 10, 2004, while its second single, "Go D.J." was released on October 5, 2004. Both songs were produced by and featured guest vocals from Mannie Fresh. The album's third single, "Earthquake" was released on March 27, 2005. The song was produced by and featured guest vocals from fellow record producer Jazze Pha.

## Commercial performance

*Tha Carter* debuted at number five on the US *Billboard* 200 chart, selling 116,000 copies in its first week. This became Wayne's third US top-ten debut. As of November 2005, the album has sold 878,000 copies in the US, according to Nielsen SoundScan. On September 25, 2020, the album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for combined sales and album-equivalent units of a million units in the United States.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| RapReviews | (7.5/10) |
| Rhapsody | (favorable) |
| *Rolling Stone* |  |
| *USA Today* |  |
| *XXL* | (XL) |

Steve Jones of *USA Today* was positive, commenting: "Wayne takes you on a tour through his life as a well-heeled young hustler. The street themes and boastful banter are familiar, but he keeps things moving with witty deliveries and a few change-ups." Andy Kellman from AllMusic criticized the LP's runtime and lack of quality control, but also praised the beatmaking: "Mannie Fresh's stout production is in effect as ever, and to the MC's credit, the rhymes are less measured and are all the better for it." Christian Hoard from *Rolling Stone* concurred: "Most of Wayne's fourth album is filler that Lil Jon has made obsolete, but on more than a handful of tracks, Mannie Fresh's beats jump like they used to and Wayne's syrupy drawl sounds more dextrous than ever." Tom Briehan of Stereogum, in a twentieth anniversary appraisal of the record, considered it charming but conceded that "There’s no sense of construction or motivation \[...\] *Tha Carter* feels a little quaint now. It has moments of greatness, but it’s not exactly a great Lil Wayne album."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Walk In" |  | Mannie Fresh | 3:04 |
| 2. | "Go D.J." | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:41 |
| 3. | "This Is the Carter" (featuring Mannie Fresh) | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:36 |
| 4. | "BM J.R." | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:58 |
| 5. | "On the Block #1 (skit)" |  | * Mannie Fresh * Lil Wayne | 0:18 |
| 6. | "I Miss My Dawgs" (featuring Reel) | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas * R.Q. Dickerson | * Mannie Fresh * Raj Smoove | 4:35 |
| 7. | "We Don't" (featuring Birdman) |  | Leslie Brathwaite | 4:09 |
| 8. | "On My Own" (featuring Reel) | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:28 |
| 9. | "Tha Heat" | * Carter, Jr. * Dickerson | Raj Smoove | 4:36 |
| 10. | "Cash Money Millionaires" | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:42 |
| 11. | "Inside" | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 1:30 |
| 12. | "Bring It Back" (featuring Mannie Fresh) | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:21 |
| 13. | "Who Wanna" | * Carter, Jr. * Dickerson | Raj Smoove | 4:32 |
| 14. | "On the Block #2 (skit)" |  | * Mannie Fresh * Lil Wayne | 0:23 |
| 15. | "Get Down" (featuring Birdman) | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:32 |
| 16. | "Snitch" | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 3:55 |
| 17. | "Hoes" (featuring Mannie Fresh) | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:32 |
| 18. | "Only Way" (featuring Birdman) | * Carter, Jr. * Williams | Mannie Fresh | 4:33 |
| 19. | "Earthquake" (featuring Jazze Pha) |  | * Mannie Fresh * Jazze Pha | 5:16 |
| 20. | "Ain't That a Bitch" | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 4:17 |
| 21. | "Walk Out" | * Carter, Jr. * Thomas | Mannie Fresh | 1:08 |
| Total length: | | | | 79:07 |

* If the album was purchased in Canada, "Walk In", "Inside" and "Walk Out" are recorded on a different instrumental, with slightly different lyrics. Also, "Earthquake" is replaced by the song "Crack Ya Bottle" by Lil Wayne featuring Reel, produced by the Architects. These changes are a result of sample clearance issues.
* "Earthquake" interpolates and samples "Let's Stay Together" by Al Green.

## Charts

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| Tha Carter | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Lil Wayne | |
| Released | June 29, 2004 |
| Recorded | 2003–2004 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 79:07 |
| Label |  |
| Producer |  |
| Lil Wayne chronology | |
| *500 Degreez*
(2002) ***Tha Carter***
(2004) *The Dedication*
(2005) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Tha Carter* | |
| 1. "Bring It Back"
Released: April 17, 2004 2. "Go D.J."
Released: October 5, 2004 3. "Earthquake"
Released: March 27, 2005 | |
|  | |


title: Shippon

abstract: Shippon is a village in Oxfordshire, England, 1 mile west of Abingdon. It is the largest village in the civil parish of St. Helen Without, in Vale of White Horse District. It was in Berkshire until it was transferred to Oxfordshire in 1974. The Dalton Barracks are located in the village. The name was recorded in the Domesday Book as Scipene, meaning "cattle-shed". It was a manor in the large parish of St Helen's, Abingdon, and was held by Abingdon Abbey until the Dissolution in 1538. It was then acquired by the Duchy of Cornwall, which still owns it. Shippon became a separate ecclesiastical parish in 1865. The parish church of St Mary Magdalene was built in 1855 to a design of Gilbert Scott.

text:
# Shippon

**Shippon** is a village in Oxfordshire, England, 1 mile west of Abingdon. It is the largest village in the civil parish of St. Helen Without, in Vale of White Horse District. It was in Berkshire until it was transferred to Oxfordshire in 1974. The Dalton Barracks are located in the village. The name was recorded in the Domesday Book as *Scipene*, meaning "cattle-shed". It was a manor in the large parish of St Helen's, Abingdon, and was held by Abingdon Abbey until the Dissolution in 1538. It was then acquired by the Duchy of Cornwall, which still owns it. Shippon became a separate ecclesiastical parish in 1865. The parish church of St Mary Magdalene was built in 1855 to a design of Gilbert Scott.

## InfoBox

| Shippon | |
| --- | --- |
| ShipponLocation within Oxfordshire | |
| OS grid reference | SU4898 |
| Civil parish |  |
| District |  |
| Shire county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Oxford |
| Postcode district | OX13 |
| Dialling code | 01235 |
|  | |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Oxfordshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Carl Painter

abstract: Carl Painter is an American former professional football running back. He played for the Detroit Lions from 1988 to 1989. He was selected by the Lions in the sixth round of the 1988 NFL draft.

text:
# Carl Painter

**Carl Painter** (born May 10, 1964) is an American former professional football running back. He played for the Detroit Lions from 1988 to 1989. He was selected by the Lions in the sixth round of the 1988 NFL draft.

## InfoBox

Carl Painter
| No. 26, 27 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Running back |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1964-05-10) May 10, 1964<br>Norfolk, Virginia, U.S. |
| Height: | 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) |
| Weight: | 184 lb (83 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Norfolk (VA) Booker T. Washington |
| College: | Hampton |
| NFL draft: | 1988 / round: 6 / pick: 142 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Rushing yards: 106  Rushing average: 3.3  Receptions: 4  Receiving yards: 42 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Eubolina

abstract: Eubolina is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae. Its only species, Eubolina impartialis, commonly known as the eubolina moth, is found in the United States, mostly in southern Texas. Both the genus and the species were first described by Leon F. Harvey in 1875.

text:
# Eubolina

***Eubolina*** is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae. Its only species, ***Eubolina impartialis***, commonly known as the **eubolina moth**, is found in the United States, mostly in southern Texas. Both the genus and the species were first described by Leon F. Harvey in 1875.

## InfoBox

| Eubolina moth | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Genus: | *Eubolina*
Harvey, 1875 |
| Species: | ***E. impartialis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Eubolina impartialis***
Harvey, 1875 | |
|


title: 2015 Bucharest Trophy

abstract: The 2015 Bucharest Trophy was the second edition of the Bucharest Trophy held in Bucharest, Romania from 21 to 24 August as a pre-season international women's team handball tournament for clubs. The most recent runners-up of the EHF Champions League edition have been also invited but withdrew before making a debut due to season's fixtures. The whole tournament was aired on Digi Sport 1, Digi Sport 2 and Digi Sport 3.

text:
# 2015 Bucharest Trophy

The **2015 Bucharest Trophy** was the second edition of the Bucharest Trophy held in Bucharest, Romania from 21 to 24 August as a pre-season international women's team handball tournament for clubs. The most recent runners-up of the EHF Champions League edition (Larvik HK) have been also invited but withdrew before making a debut due to season's fixtures.

The whole tournament was aired on Digi Sport 1, Digi Sport 2 and Digi Sport 3.

## Participants

## Results

### Group stage

#### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ŽRK Budućnost | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 48 | 46 | +2 | 2 |
| Rostov-Don | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 51 | +1 | 2 |
| HCM Baia Mare | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 48 | 51 | 3 | 2 |

Source:

| 20 August 2015
16:30 | ŽRK Budućnost | **26 – 23** | Rostov-Don | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Petrović 9 | (13–12) | Ilina 5 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

| 21 August 2015
16:30 | HCM Baia Mare | **25 – 29** | Rostov-Don | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest
Referees: Iliescu, Manea (ROU) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | do Nascimento 6 | (14–15) | Sen 6 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

| 22 August 2015
15:00 | ŽRK Budućnost | **22 – 23** | HCM Baia Mare | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest
Attendance: 1,700
Referees: Dobre, Potârniche (ROU) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | *four players* 4 | (9–11) | do Nascimento 4 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

#### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CSM Bucharest | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 64 | 51 | +13 | 4 |
| ŽRK Vardar | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 61 | 6 | 2 |
| Corona Brașov | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 49 | 56 | 7 | 0 |

Source:

| 20 August 2015
19:00 | ŽRK Vardar | **27 – 26** | Corona Brașov | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest
Referees: Florescu, Stoia (ROU) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Lekić 7 | (10–14) | Zamfir 8 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

| 21 August 2015
19:00 | CSM Bucharest | **29 – 23** | Corona Brașov | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest
Referees: Pîrvu, Stamatoiu (ROU) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Rodrigues 6 | (14–10) | Cartaș 8 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

| 22 August 2015
17:30 | ŽRK Vardar | **28 – 35** | CSM Bucharest | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest
Referees: Iliescu, Manea (ROU) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Lekić 6 | (12–20) | Jørgensen 9 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

### Knockout stages

#### 5th place game

| 23 August 2015
13:00 | HCM Baia Mare | **31 – 29** | Corona Brașov | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | do Nascimento 8 | (16–16) | Zamfir 11 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

#### 3rd place game

| 23 August 2015
15:30 | ŽRK Vardar | **33 – 27** | Rostov-Don | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Lekić 6 | (13–12) | Ilina 8 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

#### Final

| 23 August 2015
18:00 | CSM Bucharest | **27 – 26** | ŽRK Budućnost | Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest
Attendance: 2,000 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Jørgensen 7 | (14–13) | Bulatović 9 | |
| |  | Report |  | |

## Awards

### Team of the Tournament

### Special awards

## InfoBox

2015 Bucharest Trophy
| 2015 Bucharest Trophy official logo | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Dates | 20–23 August |
| Teams | 6 (from 1 confederation) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | CSM Bucharest (2nd title) |
| Runner-up | ŽRK Budućnost |
| Third place | ŽRK Vardar |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Best player | Line Jørgensen |
|  | |


title: Dalbergia peltieri

abstract:
Dalbergia peltieri is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae.
It is found only in Madagascar.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# Dalbergia peltieri

***Dalbergia peltieri*** is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Madagascar. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| *Dalbergia peltieri* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Genus: | *Dalbergia* |
| Species: | ***D. peltieri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Dalbergia peltieri***
Bosser & R.Rabev. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Dalbergia microcarpa* R.Vig. | |


title: Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides

abstract: Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

text:
# Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides

***Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides*** is a species of orchid in the genus *Bulbophyllum*.

## InfoBox

| *Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | *Bulbophyllum* |
| Species: | ***B. lemniscatoides*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Bulbophyllum lemniscatoides***<br>Rolfe | |
|


title: Scythris nigrella

abstract: Scythris nigrella is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Eberhard Jäckh in 1978. It is found in northern Italy.

text:
# Scythris nigrella

***Scythris nigrella*** is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Eberhard Jäckh in 1978. It is found in northern Italy.

## InfoBox

| *Scythris nigrella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Scythrididae |
| Genus: | *Scythris* |
| Species: | ***S. nigrella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Scythris nigrella***<br>Jäckh, 1978 | |
|


title: Pulsar (video game)

abstract: Pulsar is a maze shooter arcade video game created by Sega/Gremlin and released in 1981. The player controls a tank in a top-down view maze to fetch keys used to unlock the next level. It was designed and programmed by Larry Clague and Mike Hendricks.

text:
# Pulsar (video game)

***Pulsar*** is a maze shooter arcade video game created by Sega/Gremlin and released in 1981. The player controls a tank in a top-down view maze to fetch keys used to unlock the next level. It was designed and programmed by Larry Clague and Mike Hendricks.

## Gameplay

Player must move the tank through the maze to reach each colored key and transport them one by one to the matching colored lock. The color of the tank changes according to the color of the transported key. The structure of the maze is constantly changing, as well as force fields appearing and disappearing at regular intervals. There are three kinds of enemies that move in their own unique ways, shooting at the tank when it is in a direct line (horizontal or vertical). Tank fuel is limited, but can be replenished by destroying enemies. A tank is destroyed by being shot by an enemy, getting caught in the midst of a force field (running into it from the side is safe), and running out of fuel.

The fourth enemy is the titular Pulsar, a big red entity that adds a heartbeat sound to the stage music. The Pulsar never shoots at the player, and speeds up the first three times the player shoots it. Upon being shot a fourth time, it splits into six of the other enemy types.

Level is completed when all the locks are unlocked. The first level has two locks, with following levels adding one more to a maximum of five.

## InfoBox

| Pulsar | |
| --- | --- |
| North American flyer showing game interface | |
| Developer(s) | Sega/Gremlin |
| Platform(s) | Arcade |
| Release | 1981 |
| Genre(s) | Maze |
| Mode(s) | 1-2 players alternating turns |


title: Tha Blue Herb

abstract: Tha Blue Herb is a Japanese alternative hip hop trio based in Sapporo, Hokkaido. They formed in 1997 and now consist of three members: Boss the MC a.k.a. Ill-Bosstino (MC), O.N.O. and DJ Dye. They also run a record label called Tha Blue Herb Recordings. James Hadfield of The Japan Times described Tha Blue Herb as "the Company Flow of Japanese hip-hop." Beside releasing several albums and singles as the group, O.N.O. also released solo works, while Ill-Bosstino participated in Herbest Moon and Japanese Synchro System and also worked with DJ Krush and Audio Active amongst others.

text:
# Tha Blue Herb

**Tha Blue Herb** is a Japanese alternative hip hop trio based in Sapporo, Hokkaido. They formed in 1997 and now consist of three members: Boss the MC a.k.a. Ill-Bosstino (MC), O.N.O. (producer, formerly live DJ until DJ Dye joined Tha Blue Herb in 1999) and DJ Dye (live DJ). They also run a record label called Tha Blue Herb Recordings.

James Hadfield of *The Japan Times* described Tha Blue Herb as "the Company Flow of Japanese hip-hop."

Beside releasing several albums and singles as the group, O.N.O. also released solo works, while Ill-Bosstino participated in Herbest Moon (with producer Wachall) and Japanese Synchro System (with producer Calm) and also worked with DJ Krush and Audio Active amongst others.

## Discography

### Albums

* *Stilling, Still Dreaming* (1998)
* *Sell Our Soul* (2002)
* *Life Story* (2007)
* *Total* (2012)

### EPs

* *Underground vs. Amateur* (2000)
* *Front Act* (2002)
* *The Future Is in Our Hands* (2003)
* *The Way Hope Goes* (2005)
* *Phase 3* (2007)

### Singles

* "The Shock-Shine Revolt" (1998)
* "The Ring of Wisdom / The Wind Blows from the North" (1998)
* "Underground vs. Amateur" (1999)
* "Times Are Changing" (2000)
* "Trans-Sapporo Express" (2000)
* "Annui Dub: Thank You Very Much My Friend" (2000)
* "3 Days Jump" (2001)
* "Front Act" (2002)
* "The Future Is in Our Hands" (2003)
* "Roads of The Underground" (2004)
* "Chie no Dub / Pusher on the Street" (2005)
* "My Work / My Faith" (2006)
* "Phase 3" (2007)
* "The Suburbs of Hip Hop / A Special Night" (2007)
* "Straight Years" (2009)

### Soundtracks

* *Heat: Original Soundtrack* (2004) a soundtrack album for *Heat*

### DVDs

* *Enbu* (2007)
* *That's the Way Hope Goes* (2007)
* *Straight Days* (2009)

## InfoBox

| Tha Blue Herb | |
| --- | --- |
| Live on stage, 2016 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan |
| Genres | Alternative hip hop
Experimental hip hop
Underground hip hop |
| Years active | 1997–present |
| Labels | Tha Blue Herb Records |
|  | |
| Members | Ill-Bosstino
O.N.O.
DJ Dye |
|  | |
| Website | www.tbhr.co.jp |


title: Shippō, Aichi

abstract: Shippō was a town located in Ama District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 22,795 and a density of 2,736.49 persons per km⁲. The total area was 8.33 km⁲. On March 22, 2010, Shippō, along with the towns of Jimokuji and Miwa, was merged to form the new city of Ama. The town name "Shippo" means cloisonné in Japanese. It is a traditional industry in the town.

text:
# Shippō, Aichi

**Shippō** (七宝町, *Shippō-chō*) was a town located in Ama District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 22,795 and a density of 2,736.49 persons per km2. The total area was 8.33 km2.

On March 22, 2010, Shippō, along with the towns of Jimokuji and Miwa (all from Ama District), was merged to form the new city of Ama.

The town name "Shippo" means cloisonné in Japanese. It is a traditional industry in the town.

35°10′N 136°48′E / 35.167°N 136.800°E / 35.167; 136.800


title: 1731 in Sweden

abstract: Events from the year 1731 in Sweden

text:
# 1731 in Sweden

Events from the year **1731 in Sweden**

## Incumbents

## Events

* \- The Swedish East India Company is founded.
* \- The process against the sect *Gråkoltarna* in Stockholm.
* \- The Riksdag issues a strict sumptuary law: in an effort to benefit the economy and the production within the country, import of luxury goods is restricted by a number of reforms were rules are set up to dictate what amount of dishes are to be served at dinner or what sort of clothing are allowed according to class. The law becomes unpopular, results in an active spy activity among the public, and falls out of use after the change of government in 1738.
* \- The King enters into his notorious love affair with Hedvig Taube.
* \- The famous inn *Clas på Hörnet* is opened in Stockholm and becomes the perhaps most famed inn in Stockholm for the rest of the century.

## Births

## Deaths

## InfoBox

| **Years in Sweden:** | 1728 1729 1730 **1731** 1732 1733 1734 |
| --- | --- |
| **Centuries:** | 17th century · **18th century** · 19th century |
| **Decades:** | 1700s 1710s 1720s **1730s** 1740s 1750s 1760s |
| **Years:** | 1728 1729 1730 **1731** 1732 1733 1734 |


title: Uni-Mart

abstract: Uni-Mart was a Pennsylvania-based company that owned, operated and franchised numerous convenience stores in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States (US). In 2008, the company operated 283 convenience stores and gas stations in the US states of Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio, and, as of 1995, its annual sales totaled $327.01 million. Henry Sahakian was Uni-Mart's founder and, as of 1997, the company consisted of 2,700 employees. On 29 May 2008, Uni-Marts LLC filed a voluntary Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition in the US bankruptcy court for the District of Delaware, initiating a process that had been considered by the company's management since September 2007. In December 2009, the company's remaining assets were sold to Kwik Pik LLC, an affiliate of Lehigh Gas Corporation. As of 2016, many stations still operate under the Uni-Mart name.

text:
# Uni-Mart

**Uni-Mart** was a Pennsylvania-based company that owned, operated and franchised numerous convenience stores in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States (US). In 2008, the company operated 283 convenience stores and gas stations in the US states of Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio, and, as of 1995, its annual sales totaled $327.01 million. Henry Sahakian was Uni-Mart's founder and, as of 1997, the company consisted of 2,700 employees.

On 29 May 2008, Uni-Marts LLC filed a voluntary Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition in the US bankruptcy court for the District of Delaware, initiating a process that had been considered by the company's management since September 2007.

In December 2009, the company's remaining assets were sold to Kwik Pik LLC, an affiliate of Lehigh Gas Corporation. As of 2016, many stations still operate under the Uni-Mart name.

## History

Henry D. Sahakian started the company in 1972. He opened the first Uni-Mart in State College, Pennsylvania in 1981, having rebranded stores from the Ma-jik Market franchise he had owned since the early 1970s. Uni-Mart quickly developed into a successful convenience store brand and by December 1986, Uni-Mart became a public company on the American Stock Exchange.

In September 1996, the company's 10,000 square foot Uni-Mart Center opened in State College and was promoted as "America's Largest Convenience Store Under One Roof." In addition to being a convenience store and gasoline station, the mega-center included a Burger King, a Manhattan Bagel, a Fox's Pizza Den, a Mail Boxes Etc., and a bank. In July 2004, Uni-Mart reverted to private company status following the creation of Green Valley Acquisition Co. LLC. By 2008, Uni-Mart owned and operated 283 stores in Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio, but the number of privately owned franchise locations was not clear.

In 2006 the company expanded into Ohio by acquiring a small number of BP stations in the Youngstown area adjacent to Pennsylvania, and eventually expanded into Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky as an exclave of its territorial reach. The company proceeded to convert and absorb the convenience stores into the Uni-Mart enterprise in 2007, but continued to sell BP gasoline (the majority of Uni-Mart stations in other areas sell their own brand of gasoline). Uni-Mart had sold other gasoline brands prior to this occasion, with a co-branding deal having been in place with Getty for most of the 1990s and several Pennsylvania stations offering Exxon and Sunoco gasoline until the bankruptcy in 2008.

The company was made private when Sahakian sold it to Non-resident Indian (NRI) Raj Vakharia, a former managing director of Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. Vakharia will target its investment in high-growth markets throughout India including Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, and Pune.

## Pirshlo

The Little Valley, New York-based Pirshlo, Inc. conglomerate, which owned the New York cluster of Uni-Marts (and a handful in northern Pennsylvania), was forced to shut down its entire cluster in August 2007, after Pirshlo owner Lloyd Long was convicted of tax evasion. Uni-Mart initially took over the Pirshlo stores before liquidating them, while the Seneca nation claimed two in Salamanca, one of which became WGWE.


title: Sassafras, New South Wales

abstract: Sassafras is a locality in the City of Shoalhaven in New South Wales, Australia. It lies on the Braidwood Road, where it passes over the coastal escarpment on the road between Nowra and Nerriga. This road continues southwest to Braidwood, but this involves a section of unsealed road.. The sealed Oallen Ford Road branches off south of Nerriga, which connects via various sealed roads to Canberra and Goulburn. Sassafras is a small community of orchards in an area of extensive national parks. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 31.

text:
# Sassafras, New South Wales

**Sassafras** (/sæsəfræs/) is a locality in the City of Shoalhaven in New South Wales, Australia. It lies on the Braidwood Road (which was originally built as the Wool Road), where it passes over the coastal escarpment on the road between Nowra and Nerriga. This road continues southwest to Braidwood, but this involves a section of unsealed road. (Now sealed between Nowra and Nerriga and further). The sealed Oallen Ford Road branches off south of Nerriga, which connects via various sealed roads to Canberra and Goulburn. Sassafras is a small community of orchards in an area of extensive national parks. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 31.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Sassafras<br>New South Wales | |
| --- | --- |
| Sassafras | |
| SassafrasLocation in New South Wales | |
| Coordinates | 35°04′57″S 150°15′02″E / 35.08250°S 150.25056°E / -35.08250; 150.25056 |
| Population | 18 (SAL 2021) |
| Postcode(s) | 2622 |
| Elevation | 775 m (2,543 ft) |
| Location |  |
| LGA(s) | City of Shoalhaven |
| Region | South Coast |
| County | St Vincent |
| Parish | Sassafras |
| State electorate(s) |  |
| Federal division(s) | Gilmore |
| **Localities around Sassafras:**  Coolumburra St George Boolijah  Nerriga Sassafras Boolijah  Nerriga Morton National Park Tianjara | |


title: Daf-8

abstract: The DAF-8 nematode gene encoding a R-SMAD protein of TGF-beta signaling pathway, which was originally found in model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. When the TGF-β ligand daf-7 binds to the TGF-β receptors daf-1/daf-4 on the surface of nematode cell, daf-8 will be phosphorylated and forms a heterodimer with daf-14, then enter to the nucleus to inhibit transcription regulated by daf-3/daf-5.

text:
# Daf-8

The **DAF-8** nematode gene encoding a R-SMAD protein of TGF-beta signaling pathway, which was originally found in model organism *Caenorhabditis elegans*. When the TGF-β ligand daf-7 binds to the TGF-β receptors daf-1/daf-4 on the surface of nematode cell, daf-8 will be phosphorylated and forms a heterodimer with daf-14, then enter to the nucleus to inhibit transcription regulated by daf-3/daf-5.

## InfoBox

| Dwarfin sma | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| Organism | Caenorhabditis elegans |
| Symbol | daf-8 |
| Entrez | 187612 |
| RefSeq (mRNA) | NM\_059920.3 |
| RefSeq (Prot) | NP\_492321.1 |
| UniProt | Q21733 |
| Other data | |
| Chromosome | *I: 8.58 - 8.59 Mb* |
| Search for  Structures Swiss-model  Domains InterPro | |


title: Saminaka

abstract: Saminaka is a town and headquarters of Lere Local Government Area and of Saminaka chiefdom of the Akurmi people in southern Kaduna state in the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. The postal code of the area is 811.

text:
# Saminaka

**Saminaka** is a town and headquarters of Lere Local Government Area and of Saminaka chiefdom of the Akurmi people in southern Kaduna state in the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. The postal code of the area is 811.

## InfoBox

| Saminaka | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Saminaka | |
| Coordinates: 10°24′N 08°41′E / 10.400°N 8.683°E / 10.400; 8.683 | |
| Country | Nigeria |
| State | Kaduna State |
| Population (2006 Census) | |
| Total | 7,165 |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (WAT) |
| Climate | Aw |


title: Scythris niphozela

abstract: Scythris niphozela is a species of moth in the family Scythrididae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is regarded as endemic to the Kaitorete Spit area although it had been recorded in the Manorburn Ecological District. This species inhabits the foredune area of Kaitorete Spit. The larvae feed on Carmichaelia appressa. Adults day fly from October to December. These moths are not attracted to light. The species is classified as "At Risk, Naturally Uncommon" by the New Zealand Department of Conservation.

text:
# Scythris niphozela

***Scythris niphozela*** is a species of moth in the family Scythrididae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is regarded as endemic to the Kaitorete Spit area although it had been recorded in the Manorburn Ecological District. This species inhabits the foredune area of Kaitorete Spit. The larvae feed on *Carmichaelia appressa.* Adults day fly from October to December. These moths are not attracted to light. The species is classified as "At Risk, Naturally Uncommon" by the New Zealand Department of Conservation.

## Taxonomy

This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1931 using specimens collected by Stewart Lindsay at Birding's Flat in December. George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species in his 1939 publication *A supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand.* The holotype specimen is held at the Canterbury Museum.

## Description

Meyrick's description:

> ♂♀. 9–10mm – Head, palpi, thorax dark grey, more or less mixed or suffused white. Abdomen iridescent whitish grey, ♂ anal tuft tinged ochreous, ♀ basal third suffused blackish above, apex blackish beneath. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; dark grey posteriorly or nearly wholly suffused white; an irregular fascia of blackish suffusion from dorsum before middle; not reaching costa; a slightly narrower suffused blackish fascia from tornus, hardly reaching above middle; in whiter examples both these may be connected with costa by irregular grey marks; cilia grey, round apex, more or less suffused white. Hindwings 4 or 5 coincident; bronze-grey-whitish, apex greyer; in ♀ a thick streak of black suffusion along dorsum from near base to near middle; cilia light ochreous-grey.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand. Other than the type locality of Birdings Flat at Kaitorete Spit, this species was recorded by Brian Patrick at Long Valley Ridge in the Manorburn Ecological District, Central Otago in February. However in 1994 Patrick described *S. niphozela* as endemic to the Kaitorete Spit area.

## Life history

From October to December, the larvae emerge from their eggs. Adult moths are day flyers from October to December. *S. niphozela* are not attracted to light traps.

## Host species and habitat

Larvae of this species have been found on *Carmichaelia appressa*, an endemic species of plant at the Kaitorete Spit. The moth inhabits the foredune area of the spit and is endemic to its gravel barrier.

## InfoBox

| *Scythris niphozela* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| male | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Scythrididae |
| Genus: | *Scythris* |
| Species: | ***S. niphozela*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Scythris niphozela***<br>Meyrick, 1931 | |
|


title: Pseudochiridium

abstract: Pseudochiridium is a genus of pseudoscorpions in the Pseudochiridiidae family. It was described in 1906 by Danish arachnologist Carl Johannes With.

text:
# Pseudochiridium

***Pseudochiridium*** is a genus of pseudoscorpions in the Pseudochiridiidae family. It was described in 1906 by Danish arachnologist Carl Johannes With.

## Species

The genus contains the following species:

### Fossil species

## InfoBox

| *Pseudochiridium* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Pseudoscorpiones |
| Family: | Pseudochiridiidae |
| Genus: | *Pseudochiridium*
With, 1906 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Pseudochiridium thorelli*
With, 1906 | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Afrocheiridium* Beier, 1932 | |


title: Terry Kiely

abstract: Terry Kiely is an English actor. He is best known for his role in the Sky One series Dream Team, where he played the popular character Karl Fletcher for eight years, despite initially only signing up for six episodes.

text:
# Terry Kiely

**Terry Kiely** (born September 1975 in Britwell) is an English actor. He is best known for his role in the Sky One series *Dream Team*, where he played the popular character Karl Fletcher for eight years, despite initially only signing up for six episodes.

## Acting career

Kiely quit *Dream Team* three times but returned each time after struggling to find alternative roles. The character was eventually killed off at Kiely's request in 2005, but returned in the final series to act as a spirit guide to Harchester United player Jason Porter. Fletcher appeared to him as his guide, after Porter took part in a ouija board event.

He has also appeared in *Mike Bassett: England Manager* playing the character Harpsey, a womaniser constantly on his mobile phone (much to the annoyance of his manager), and *Family Affairs*, where he briefly played the character PC Dan Ellison.

Kiely took on the role of Nolan in a small film focussing on football hooligans known as *It's a Casual Life*, released in 2003. He also appeared as Paul in *Rough Justice*, a little-known Hewland International/ITV show.

## Personal life

Kara Tointon dated Kiely for a time. Friend and fellow actor Gerard Kelly, who died in 2010 left his entire estate to Kiely. At this time, Kiely was working as a swimming pool lifeguard in Surrey.

In an interview with *Talksport* in March 2023, Kiely stated he quit acting after falling out of love with the profession and was now working as a host for an upmarket private members club in Soho.


title: Shippoku

abstract: Shippoku Shippoku (卓袱) is a Japanese culinary style that is heavily influenced by Chinese cuisine. It has been described as a fusion cuisine and as a "hybrid cuisine" that combines elements of European, Chinese and Japanese cuisines. Meats used in shippoku cuisine include fowl, fish, and game meats. Sake typically accompanies shippoku dishes. The shippoku style of service typically includes several small dishes that comprise a full meal.

text:
# Shippoku

***Shippoku*** (卓袱) is a Japanese culinary style that is heavily influenced by Chinese cuisine. It has been described as a fusion cuisine and as a "hybrid cuisine" that combines elements of European, Chinese and Japanese cuisines. Meats used in *shippoku* cuisine include fowl, fish, and game meats. Sake typically accompanies *shippoku* dishes. The *shippoku* style of service typically includes several small dishes that comprise a full meal.

## Etymology

"*Shippoku*" is a Japanese word that means "table cloth."

## History

*Shippoku* cuisine originated from Chinese immigrants to Nagasaki, Japan during the Edo period, which occurred from 1603 to 1868. Nagasaki was the only place in Japan where foreigners (Portuguese, Dutch and Chinese) were allowed to reside during the "centuries of seclusion." During the eighteenth century in Japan, the popularity of Chinese cuisine increased among Japanese intellectuals, and restaurants that focused upon *shippoku* and *fucha* cuisines, a vegetarian cuisine also influenced by Chinese cuisine, emerged.

*Shippoku* cuisine remains a specialty of Nagasaki.

1. Shurtleff, W.; Aoyagi, A. (1975). *The Book of Tofu: Food for Mankind*. The Book of Tofu. Autumn Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-394-73431-6. Retrieved April 16, 2017.
2. Nishiyama, M.; Groemer, G. (1997). *Edo Culture: Daily Life and Diversions in Urban Japan, 1600-1868*. THE NIPPON FOUNDATION. University of HawaiÊ»i Press. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-8248-1850-0. Retrieved April 16, 2017.
3. Cwiertka, K.J. (2006). *Modern Japanese Cuisine: Food, Power and National Identity*. University of Chicago Press. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-86189-298-0. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
4. *Ejeas*. Volume 2. Brill. 2003. p. 95.
5. *History Of Japanese Food*. Taylor & Francis. 2014. p. 243. ISBN 978-1-136-60255-9. Retrieved April 16, 2017.
6. Leventer, L. (1996). *Fodor's Japan: the complete guide with the best of Tokyo, Kyoto and old Japan*. Fodor's Gold Guides. Fodor's Travel Publications. p. 442. ISBN 978-0-679-03035-5. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
7. *Japanese inn & travel: illustrated*. Eibun Nihon etoki jiten. Japan Travel Bureau. 1990. p. 182. Retrieved April 17, 2017.


title: Exosporium

abstract: The exosporium is the outer surface layer of mature spores. In plant spores it is also referred to as the exine. Some bacteria also produce endospores with an exosporium, of which the most commonly studied are Bacillus species, particularly Bacillus cereus and the anthrax-causing bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The exosporium is the portion of the spore that interacts with the environment or host organism, and may contain spore antigens. Exosporium proteins, such as Cot protein, are also discovered related to strains of B. anthracis and B.cereus. This Cot protein share similar sequences with other spore coat proteins, and their putative determinants are believed to include bxpC, lunA, exsA, etc. In Bacillus anthracis, salt and detergent washing of exosporium fragments can identify proteins that are likely to represent structural or integral exosporium proteins. Seven proteins have been identified in washed exosporium: alanine racemase, inosine hydrolase, ExsF, CotY, ExsY, CotB, and a novel protein, ExsK. CotY, ExsY and CotB are homologues of Bacillus subtilis outer spore coat proteins, but ExsF and ExsK are specific to B. anthracis and other members of the Bacillus cereus group. The protein ywdL has been identified in B. cereus as important for exosporium formation. In the absence of the ywdL gene, a fragile and easily damaged exosporium is formed, which can be damaged by mechanical disruption such as freeze-thaw cycles. However, ywdL is not required to maintain the internal organization of the exosporium. ΔywdL spores have abnormal germination properties, such as the inability to respond to standard chemical means of inducing germination by treatment with calcium dipicolinate.

text:
# Exosporium

The **exosporium** is the outer surface layer of mature spores. In plant spores it is also referred to as the exine. Some bacteria also produce endospores with an exosporium, of which the most commonly studied are *Bacillus* species, particularly *Bacillus cereus* and the anthrax-causing bacterium *Bacillus anthracis*. The exosporium is the portion of the spore that interacts with the environment or host organism, and may contain spore antigens. Exosporium proteins, such as Cot protein, are also discovered related to strains of B. anthracis and B.cereus. This Cot protein share similar sequences with other spore coat proteins, and their putative determinants are believed to include bxpC, lunA, exsA, etc.

In *Bacillus anthracis*, salt and detergent washing of exosporium fragments can identify proteins that are likely to represent structural or integral exosporium proteins. Seven proteins have been identified in washed exosporium: alanine racemase, inosine hydrolase, ExsF, CotY, ExsY, CotB, and a novel protein, ExsK. CotY, ExsY and CotB are homologues of Bacillus subtilis outer spore coat proteins, but ExsF and ExsK are specific to B. anthracis and other members of the Bacillus cereus group.

The protein ywdL has been identified in *B. cereus* as important for exosporium formation. In the absence of the ywdL gene, a fragile and easily damaged exosporium is formed, which can be damaged by mechanical disruption such as freeze-thaw cycles. However, ywdL is not required to maintain the internal organization of the exosporium. ΔywdL spores have abnormal germination properties, such as the inability to respond to standard chemical means of inducing germination by treatment with calcium dipicolinate.


title: Umberto Bindi

abstract: Umberto Bindi was an Italian singer-songwriter. He is especially known for the popular song he co-wrote with Gino Paoli, Il Mio Mondo, which he recorded in Italian in 1963, and ''La musica è finita'' It was later performed by singers in English and other languages.

text:
# Umberto Bindi

**Umberto Bindi** (12 May 1932 – 23 May 2002) was an Italian singer-songwriter. He is especially known for the popular song he co-wrote with Gino Paoli, *Il Mio Mondo* ("You're My World"), which he recorded in Italian in 1963, and ''La musica è finita'' ("Our Song", recorded by Robert Plant on 45 rpm and then on album Sixty Six to Timbuktu) It was later performed by singers in English and other languages.

## Life and career

Bindi was born in Bogliasco (Province of Genoa), Italy, and was classically trained. He wrote his first song, "T'ho perduto" ("I've Lost You"), in 1950. He made his professional debut in Italian popular music in 1959 with his composition, "Arrivederci". The song was recorded by Don Marino Barreto Jr., and soon became the best-selling single in Italy for that year. A cover version was recorded by Chet Baker in 1960 for the Italian film, *Urlatori alla sbarra*.

Bindi's first album, *Umberto Bindi e le sue canzoni*, was released in 1960. Bindi also wrote and recorded a number of songs that would make him known to the larger public in Italy. A few of these became classic hits there, covered many times: besides "Arrivederci", *Il Nostro Concerto* ("Our Concert"), 1960, number 2 on Italy's best-selling singles list for the year, "Riviera" (1961), and "Il Mio Mondo". The latter was recorded in English in 1964 by the British pop singer Cilla Black, and remained number 1 on the UK Singles Chart for four weeks, while also reaching Number 1 in Australia, Number 2 in Ireland and New Zealand and Number 26 in the USA. Bindi's "Il Nostro Concerto" spent one week in the UK Singles Chart in November 1960, at number 47.

He also wrote the music of *La musica è finita* (1967), another Italian classic, made famous by Ornella Vanoni and Mina.

However, his singing career in Italy stalled, and he and music critics attributed this to the Italian media's discomfort in the 1960s with Bindi's homosexuality. The singer nevertheless made a few concert appearances.

Bindi died at a Rome hospital from heart disease at the age of 70.

## Discography

### Albums

* *Umberto Bindi e le sue canzoni* (1960)
* *Umberto Bindi* (1961)
* *Con il passare del tempo* (1972)
* *Io e il mare* (1976)
* *D'ora in poi* (1982; re-issued as *Le voci della sera* in 1996)
* *Bindi* (1985)
* *Di coraggio non-si muore* (1996)

### Singles

* "Arrivederci" / "Odio" (Ricordi) (1959)
* "Amare te/Nuvola per due" (Ricordi) (1959)
* "Girotondo per i grandi" / "Basta una volta" (Ricordi) (1959)
* "Tu" / "Non so" (Ricordi) (1959)
* "Un giorno, un mese, un anno" / "Lasciatemi sognare" (Ricordi) (1960)
* "Appuntamento a Madrid" / "Il confine" (Ricordi) (1960)
* "È vero" / "Luna nuova sul Fuji-Yama" (Ricordi) (1960)
* "Il nostro concerto" / "Un giorno, un mese, un anno" (Ricordi) (1960)
* "Se ci sei" / "Chiedimi l'impossibile" (Ricordi) (1960)
* "Un paradiso da vendere" / "Marie Claire" (Ricordi) (1960)
* "Non mi dire chi sei" / "Amare te" (Ricordi) (1961)
* "Riviera" / "Vento di mare" (Ricordi) (1961)
* "Noi due" / "Appuntamento a Madrid" (Ricordi) (1961)
* "Ninna nanna" / "Girotondo per i grandi" (Ricordi) (1961)
* "Jane" / "Carnevale a Rio" (Ricordi) (1962)
* "Un ricordo d'amore" / "Vacanze" (RCA) (1962)
* "Il mio mondo" / "Vieni, andiamo" (RCA) (1963)
* "Ave Maria" / "Un uomo che ti ama" (RCA) (1964)
* "Quello che c'èra un giorno" / "Il giorno della verità" (RCA) (1964)
* "Per vivere" / "Storia al mare" (Ariston) (1968)
* "Mare" / "Ma perché" (Variety) (1969)
* "Io e il mare" / "Flash" (Durium) (1976)
* "L'alba" / "Bogliasco notturno" (Durium) (1976)
* "Letti (con i New Trolls)" / "Chiara" / "Miracolo miracolo" (solo New Trolls) (Fonopoli Stage) (1976)

## InfoBox

| Umberto Bindi | |
| --- | --- |
| Umberto Bindi | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Umberto Bindi |
| Born | (1932-05-12)12 May 1932
Bogliasco, Italy |
| Died | 23 May 2002(2002-05-23) (aged 70)
Rome, Italy |
| Genres | Pop |
| Occupation(s) | Singer-songwriter, artist |
| Instrument(s) | Vocals, piano |
| Years active | 1956–2002 |
| Labels | RCA Italiana, Durium (Italy), |
| Formerly of | Gino Paoli |


title: Kızılcakent, Nizip

abstract: Kızılcakent is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Nizip, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 272 in 2022.

text:
# Kızılcakent, Nizip

**Kızılcakent** is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Nizip, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 272 in 2022.

## InfoBox

| Kızılcakent | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| KızılcakentLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 37°2′48″N 37°46′13″E / 37.04667°N 37.77028°E / 37.04667; 37.77028 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Gaziantep |
| District | Nizip |
| Population (2022) | 272 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Sêrxü County

abstract: Sêrxü County, also known as Sershul, Dzachuka, Serxu, or Shiqu is a county of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest of Sichuan Province, China, bordering Qinghai to the west and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the southwest.

text:
# Sêrxü County

| Sêrxü County | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Simplified Chinese | 石渠县 |
| Traditional Chinese | 石渠縣 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Shíqú Xiàn | |
| Tibetan name | |
| Tibetan | སེར་ཤུལ་རྫོང་། |
| Transcriptions  Wylie ser shul rdzong  Tibetan Pinyin Sêrxü Zong | |
|  | |

**Sêrxü County** (Tibetan: སེར་ཤུལ་རྫོང་།; Chinese: 石渠县), also known as **Sershul**, **Dzachuka**, **Serxu**, or **Shiqu** is a county of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest of Sichuan Province, China, bordering Qinghai to the west and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the southwest.

## Geography

Sêrxü (sershul) County is situated at the northwest corner of Sichuan province, and is also the westernmost county-level division of the province. Its area is approximately 25,000 km2, mainly covered by grasslands. The average elevation is 4,200 m above sea level.

The area is predominantly covered by grasslands used for nomadic herding. The population is around 68,000, 96% of whom are ethnic Tibetan.

By the end of 1997, there was an estimated livestock population of 581,470. These were mainly yaks, sheep, goats, and horses, but there was a small number of pigs. The human population of Shiqu County was approximately 63,400, 96.8% of which were ethnic Tibetans. There were 49,100 herdsmen, representing 77.6% of the population.

Sershul District villages include: Ariksar, Bumser, Changma, Dezhongma, Dzagyel, Geming, Gotsa, Junyung, Jowo, Kabshi, Kilung, Kyewu, Sershul Gompa, Serxu Dzong, Shaksa, Tromsa Genma, Tseboum Soumdo, Tsemkhog, Ombo and Wathul.

Sershul District has several monasteries, including: Ju Mohar, Sershul Monastery, Bumser Gonpo, Ariksar, Dzagyel, Changma, Trikar, Kabshi and Jowo; and the Gsumge Mani Stone Castle, a religious complex built out of mani stone tablets.

## Administrative divisions

Sêrxü County is divided into 7 towns and 14 townships:

| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | Administrative division code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Towns** | | | | | | |
| Jugar Town
(Niga) | 尼呷镇 | *Nígā Zhèn* | འཇུ་སྒར་གྲོང་རྡལ། | *'ju sgar grong rdal* | 513332100 |
| Loqug Town
(Loqung) | 洛须镇 | *Luòxū Zhèn* | ལོ་ཕྱུག་གྲོང་རྡལ། | *lo phyug grong rdal* | 513332101 |
| Sêrxü Town
(Sênxü, Sexu) | 色须镇 | *Sèxū Zhèn* | སེར་ཤུལ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | *ser shul grong rdal* | 513332102 |
| Qagca Town
(Xiazha) | 虾扎镇 | *Xiāzhā Zhèn* | ཕྱག་ཚ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | *phyag tsha grong rdal* | 513332103 |
| Woinbo Town
(Wenbo) | 温波镇 | *Wēnbō Zhèn* | དབོན་པོ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | *dbon po grong rdal* | 513332104 |
| Bumnying Town
(Mengyi) | 蒙宜镇 | *Méngyí Zhèn* | འབུམ་རྙིང་གྲོང་རྡལ། | *'bum rnying grong rdal* | 513332105 |
| Arigza Town
(Arizha) | 阿日扎镇 | *Ārìzhā Zhèn* | ཨ་རིག་རྫ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | *a rig rdza grong rdal* | 513332106 |
| **Townships** | | | | | | |
| Zênda Township
(Zhenda) | 真达乡 | *Zhēndá Xiāng* | རྩེ་མདའ་ཤང་། | *rtse mda' shang* | 513332200 |
| Pênda Township
(Benda) | 奔达乡 | *Bēndá Xiāng* | བེ་མདའ་ཤང་། | *be mda' shang* | 513332201 |
| Zhêngko Township
(Zhengke) | 正科乡 | *Zhèngkē Xiāng* | ཀྲེང་ཁོ་ཤང་། | *kreng kho shang* | 513332202 |
| Dêxungma Township
(De'ongma, Derongma) | 德荣马乡 | *Déróngmǎ Xiāng* | སྡེ་གཞུང་མ་ཤང་། | *sde gzhung ma shang* | 513332204 |
| Chomsagabma Township
(Changshagongma) | 长沙贡马乡 | *Chángshāgóngmǎ Xiāng* | ཁྲོམ་བཟའ་འགབ་མ་ཤང་། | *khrom bza' 'gab ma shang* | 513332206 |
| Gaxi Township
(Gayi) | 呷衣乡 | *Gāyī Xiāng* | ཀ་བཞི་ཤང་། | *ka bzhi shang* | 513332207 |
| Gêmang Township
(Gemeng) | 格孟乡 | *Gémèng Xiāng* | དགེ་མང་ཤང་། | *dge mang shang* | 513332208 |
| Xinrung Township
(Xinrong) | 新荣乡 | *Xīnróng Xiāng* | ཤིན་རུང་ཤང་། | *shin rung shang* | 513332210 |
| Ju'nying Township
(Yiniu) | 宜牛乡 | *Yíniú Xiāng* | འཇུ་རྙིང་ཤང་། | *'ju rnying shang* | 513332211 |
| Kyiu Township
(Kyewu, Qiwu) | 起坞乡 | *Qǐwū Xiāng* | ཁྱེའུ་ཤང་། | *khye'u shang* | 513332213 |
| Choxükongma Township
(Changxugongma) | 长须贡马乡 | *Chángxūgòngmǎ Xiāng* | ཁྲོ་ཤུལ་གོང་མ་ཤང་། | *khro shul gong ma shang* | 513332215 |
| Chomzagabma Township
(Chomsakongma, Changshaganma) | 长沙干马乡 | *Chángshāgānmǎ Xiāng* | ཁྲོམ་རྫ་འགབ་མ་ཤང་། | *khrom rdza 'gab ma shang* | 513332216 |
| Choxügabma Township
(Changxuganma) | 长须干马乡 | *Chángxūgānmǎ Xiāng* | ཁྲོ་ཤུལ་འགབ་མ་ཤང་། | *khro shul 'gab ma shang* | 513332217 |
| Waxü Township
(Waxu) | 瓦须乡 | *Wǎxū Xiāng* | ཝ་ཤུལ་ཤང་། | *wa shul shang* | 513332219 |
|

## Demographics

The population of the district was 62,408 inhabitants in 1999.

There are about 52,660 nomads in the district, or 77.6% of the population.

## Climate

| Climate data for Sêrxü, elevation 4,200 m (13,800 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.1
(53.8) | 10.2
(50.4) | 14.8
(58.6) | 17.5
(63.5) | 20.7
(69.3) | 23.1
(73.6) | 23.5
(74.3) | 22.6
(72.7) | 21.7
(71.1) | 19.1
(66.4) | 12.5
(54.5) | 10.0
(50.0) | 23.5
(74.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.4
(27.7) | 0.0
(32.0) | 3.3
(37.9) | 7.2
(45.0) | 11.0
(51.8) | 14.0
(57.2) | 16.0
(60.8) | 15.9
(60.6) | 13.3
(55.9) | 7.4
(45.3) | 2.4
(36.3) | −1.0
(30.2) | 7.3
(45.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.5
(11.3) | −8.3
(17.1) | −4.3
(24.3) | 0.0
(32.0) | 3.9
(39.0) | 7.4
(45.3) | 9.3
(48.7) | 8.7
(47.7) | 5.9
(42.6) | 0.0
(32.0) | −6.2
(20.8) | −10.5
(13.1) | −0.5
(31.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −19.4
(−2.9) | −15.7
(3.7) | −10.8
(12.6) | −5.8
(21.6) | −1.8
(28.8) | 2.4
(36.3) | 3.8
(38.8) | 2.8
(37.0) | 0.6
(33.1) | −5.2
(22.6) | −13
(9) | −18.5
(−1.3) | −6.7
(19.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.2
(−35.0) | −31.8
(−25.2) | −27.5
(−17.5) | −15.9
(3.4) | −11.2
(11.8) | −6.0
(21.2) | −4.1
(24.6) | −7.9
(17.8) | −10.0
(14.0) | −20.3
(−4.5) | −30.3
(−22.5) | −37.8
(−36.0) | −37.8
(−36.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.5
(0.30) | 10.0
(0.39) | 16.7
(0.66) | 28.8
(1.13) | 62.0
(2.44) | 108.6
(4.28) | 118.3
(4.66) | 92.1
(3.63) | 92.6
(3.65) | 46.4
(1.83) | 6.9
(0.27) | 4.0
(0.16) | 593.9
(23.4) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.7 | 7.9 | 12.5 | 15.4 | 20.3 | 23.8 | 20.8 | 18.5 | 20.8 | 16.0 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 174 |
| Average snowy days | 8.9 | 11.5 | 15.9 | 19.5 | 19.4 | 5.8 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 7.8 | 18.3 | 9.2 | 7.2 | 125.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 45 | 45 | 48 | 55 | 62 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 71 | 67 | 53 | 46 | 58 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 205.0 | 188.2 | 203.9 | 207.1 | 199.9 | 170.6 | 191.6 | 190.2 | 177.1 | 188.4 | 210.2 | 211.4 | 2,343.6 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 64 | 60 | 55 | 53 | 46 | 40 | 44 | 47 | 48 | 54 | 68 | 68 | 54 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Sêrxü County 石渠县 · སེར་ཤུལ་རྫོང་།Sershul, Dzachuka, Serxu, Shiqu | |
| --- | --- |
| County | |
| "Muri Mani" stone sutra | |
| Location of Sêrxü County (red) within Garzê Prefecture (yellow) and Sichuan | |
| SêrxüLocation of the seat in SichuanSêrxüSêrxü (China) | |
| Coordinates: 32°58′44″N 98°06′10″E / 32.9790°N 98.1029°E / 32.9790; 98.1029 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Sichuan |
| Autonomous prefecture | Garzê |
| County seat | Jugar (Niga) |
| Area | |
| Total | 24,944 km2 (9,631 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 103,633 |
| Density | 4.2/km2 (11/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www.shiqu.gov.cn |


title: Saminathapuram

abstract: Saminathapuram is a village in Virudhunagar district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 95 km southwest of Madurai in the state of Tamil Nadu. Its main attractions are the Ayyanar kovil and the Chettiar bungalow and the every year village festival. The economy is based on the agriculture and match works industry.

text:
# Saminathapuram

**Saminathapuram** is a village in Virudhunagar district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 95 km southwest of Madurai in the state of Tamil Nadu. Its main attractions are the Ayyanar kovil and the Chettiar bungalow and the every year village festival. The economy is based on the agriculture and match works industry.

## InfoBox

| Saminathapuram | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | Virudhunagar |
| Population | |
| Total | 1,500 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Tamil,Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 626136 |
| Telephone code | 04563 |
| Vehicle registration | TN-84 |
| Nearest city | Rajapalayam |
| Lok Sabha constituency | sivakasi |


abstract:
In enzymology, a capsular-polysaccharide-transporting ATPase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
  - ATP + H2O + capsular polysaccharidein ⇌ ADP + phosphate + capsular polysaccharideout The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, H2O, and capsular polysaccharide, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and capsular polysaccharide. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides to catalyse transmembrane movement of substances. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP phosphohydrolase (capsular-polysaccharide-exporting).

text:
# Capsular-polysaccharide-transporting ATPase

In enzymology, a **capsular-polysaccharide-transporting ATPase** (EC 7.6.2.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + H2O + capsular polysaccharidein $\rightleftharpoons $ ADP + phosphate + capsular polysaccharideout

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, H2O, and capsular polysaccharide, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and capsular polysaccharide.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides to catalyse transmembrane movement of substances. The systematic name of this enzyme class is **ATP phosphohydrolase (capsular-polysaccharide-exporting)**.

* Fath MJ, Kolter R (1993). "ABC transporters: bacterial exporters". *Microbiol. Rev*. **57** (4): 995–1017. doi:10.1128/mmbr.57.4.995-1017.1993. PMC 372944. PMID 8302219.
* Paulsen IT, Beness AM, Saier MH Jr (1997). "Computer-based analyses of the protein constituents of transport systems catalysing export of complex carbohydrates in bacteria". *Microbiology*. **143** (8): 2685–99. doi:10.1099/00221287-143-8-2685. PMID 9274022.
* Pigeon RP, Silver RP (1997). "Analysis of the G93E mutant allele of KpsM, the membrane component of an ABC transporter involved in polysialic acid translocation in Escherichia coli K1". *FEMS Microbiol. Lett*. **156** (2): 217–22. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12730.x. PMID 9513268.
* Saier MH Jr (1998). "Molecular phylogeny as a basis for the classification of transport proteins from bacteria, archaea and eukarya". *Adv. Microb. Physiol*. Advances in Microbial Physiology. **40**: 81–136. doi:10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60130-7. ISBN 9780120277407. PMID 9889977.
* Griffiths JK, Sansom CE. "The Transporter Factsbook, Academic Press, San Diego, 1998". `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)

## InfoBox

| capsular-polysaccharide-transporting ATPase | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| EC no. | 7.6.2.2 |
| Databases | |
| IntEnz | IntEnz view |
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry |
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view |
| KEGG | KEGG entry |
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway |
| PRIAM | profile |
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO |
| Search  PMC articles  PubMed articles  NCBI proteins | |


title: Pterocerina furcata

abstract: Pterocerina furcata is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocerina of the family Ulidiidae.

text:
# Pterocerina furcata

***Pterocerina furcata*** is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus *Pterocerina* of the family Ulidiidae.

## InfoBox

| *Pterocerina furcata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Ulidiidae |
| Genus: | *Pterocerina* |
| Species: | ***P. furcata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pterocerina furcata***<br>Hendel, 1909 | |
|


title: Delwende

abstract: Delwende is a 2005 Burkinabé drama film directed by S. Pierre Yameogo about a mother and daughter resisting to succumb to a local sexist tradition. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival where it won the Prize of Hope award.

text:
# Delwende

***Delwende*** is a 2005 Burkinabé drama film directed by S. Pierre Yameogo about a mother and daughter resisting to succumb to a local sexist tradition. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival where it won the Prize of Hope award.

## Plot

After a young boy dies of meningitis, Napoko Diarrha (Yaméogo) is accused of eating his soul because of a local sexist tradition.

While this happens, her husband feels disgraced that Diarrha resists the idea of marrying off their daughter, so he exacts his revenge by spreading a dangerous rumor that would probably get her killed. Because of this, Diarrha's fate falls into the village elder's hands. When she finds out she will go trial, she decides to flee to the nearest town, Ouagadougou, before that can take place.

After successfully leaving her village, Diarrha's age causes her health to decline, while her daughter grows up.

Some time later, her daughter decides to travel to Ouagadougou, in search of her missing mother. Once they are reconnected, they attempt to escape from their male-dominated society.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Delwende | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | S. Pierre Yameogo |
| Written by | S. Pierre Yameogo |
| Produced by | Pierre-Alain Meier
S. Pierre Yameogo |
| Starring | Blandine Yaméogo |
| Cinematography | Jürg Hassler |
| Edited by | Jean-Christophe Ané |
| Release date | * 13 May 2005 (2005-05-13) |
| Running time | 90 minutes |
| Countries | Burkina Faso
France |
| Language | French |


title: Shi Runjiu

abstract: Shi Runjiu, is a Beijing-based Chinese filmmaker. After graduating from the directing department of the Beijing Central Drama Academy in 1992, he went on to direct many documentaries and music videos for MTV. He served as assistant director to Zhang Yimou and Lü Yue on their films To Live and Mr. Zhao, respectively. His first feature was A Beautiful New World, a romantic comedy about a peasant who wins an apartment in Shanghai in a lottery. Shi works for the Imar Film Company, and is a member of the "Sixth Generation" of Chinese filmmakers. He considers his work an exploration of changing Chinese social conventions.

text:
# Shi Runjiu

**Shi Runjiu** (simplified Chinese: 施润玖; traditional Chinese: 施潤玖; pinyin: *Shī Rùnjiǔ*) (born 1969), is a Beijing-based Chinese filmmaker.

After graduating from the directing department of the Beijing Central Drama Academy in 1992, he went on to direct many documentaries and music videos for MTV.

He served as assistant director to Zhang Yimou and Lü Yue on their films *To Live* and *Mr. Zhao*, respectively. His first feature was *A Beautiful New World* (*Meili Xin Shijie*, 1998), a romantic comedy about a peasant who wins an apartment in Shanghai in a lottery.

Shi works for the Imar Film Company, and is a member of the "Sixth Generation" of Chinese filmmakers. He considers his work an exploration of changing Chinese social conventions.

## Filmography

| Year | English Title | Chinese Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1999 | *A Beautiful New World* | 美丽新世界 | **Special Jury Award** at the 1999 Hawaii International Film Festival |
| 2001 | *All the Way* | 走到底 | Official Selection at the 2001 Berlin International Film Festival |
|


title: Exosporium livistonicola

abstract: 'Distocercospora livistonae' was a fungus in the family Mycosphaerellaceae, it was then moved in 2017 to genus Exosporium as Exosporium livistonicola.

text:
# Exosporium livistonicola

'**Distocercospora livistonae'** was a fungus in the family Mycosphaerellaceae, it was then moved in 2017 to genus *Exosporium* as **Exosporium livistonicola**.

## InfoBox

| *Exosporium livistonicola* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Dothideomycetes |
| Order: | Incertae sedis |
| Family: | Incertae sedis |
| Genus: | *Exosporium* |
| Species: | ***E. livistonicola*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Exosporium livistonicola***<br>U. Braun, Videira & Crous | |
|


title: Kızılcahamam

abstract: Kızılcahamam is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,623 km⁲, and its population is 26,872 (2022). It is 70 km north of the city of Ankara, near the motorway to Istanbul. Its elevation is 975 m. The area is mountain and forest, a geographical boundary between central Anatolia and the Black Sea regions. Kızılcahamam itself is a quiet market town known for its healing hot springs and mineral waters. Nearby Soğuksu National Park contains a scout camp and trails, and areas for picnic in the forest. There are hotels and guest houses including spa hotels. A sculpture of black vulture, an endangered bird species inhabited in the national park, is situated at the entrance of the town.

text:
# Kızılcahamam

**Kızılcahamam** is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,623 km2, and its population is 26,872 (2022). It is 70 km north of the city of Ankara, near the motorway to Istanbul. Its elevation is 975 m. The area is mountain and forest, a geographical boundary between central Anatolia and the Black Sea regions.

Kızılcahamam itself is a quiet market town known for its healing hot springs and mineral waters. Nearby Soğuksu National Park contains a scout camp and trails, and areas for picnic in the forest. There are hotels and guest houses including spa hotels. A sculpture of black vulture, an endangered bird species inhabited in the national park, is situated at the entrance of the town.

## Climate

The climate in Kızılcahamam can be classified as a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: *Csb*) or a humid continental climate (Köppen: *Dsb*).

| Climate data for Kızılcahamam (1991–2020) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.4
(38.1) | 5.7
(42.3) | 10.3
(50.5) | 15.7
(60.3) | 21.0
(69.8) | 25.3
(77.5) | 29.3
(84.7) | 29.7
(85.5) | 24.9
(76.8) | 18.7
(65.7) | 11.6
(52.9) | 5.4
(41.7) | 16.8
(62.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.0
(30.2) | 0.5
(32.9) | 4.2
(39.6) | 9.1
(48.4) | 14.0
(57.2) | 18.0
(64.4) | 21.6
(70.9) | 21.7
(71.1) | 16.9
(62.4) | 11.3
(52.3) | 5.0
(41.0) | 0.8
(33.4) | 10.2
(50.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.5
(23.9) | −3.7
(25.3) | −1.0
(30.2) | 2.9
(37.2) | 7.3
(45.1) | 10.9
(51.6) | 13.7
(56.7) | 13.8
(56.8) | 9.3
(48.7) | 5.1
(41.2) | 0.0
(32.0) | −2.7
(27.1) | 4.3
(39.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 67.03
(2.64) | 53.27
(2.10) | 58.31
(2.30) | 60.04
(2.36) | 63.06
(2.48) | 46.13
(1.82) | 23.47
(0.92) | 20.91
(0.82) | 23.87
(0.94) | 40.54
(1.60) | 39.68
(1.56) | 74.88
(2.95) | 571.19
(22.49) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.4 | 7.4 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 9.0 | 7.7 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 8.6 | 79.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79.7 | 75.2 | 68.2 | 63.6 | 63.8 | 61.9 | 53.9 | 53.6 | 57.0 | 66.1 | 72.2 | 79.5 | 66.2 |
| Source: NOAA | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Composition

There are 109 neighbourhoods in Kızılcahamam District:

## Fossil flora

Kızılcahamam is also known for its fossil flora which stems from at least six Pliocene deposits in Güvem and Beşkonak villages, 22 kilometres (14 miles) north of Kızılcahamam: Fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district.

## InfoBox

| Kızılcahamam | |
| --- | --- |
| District and municipality | |
| A nature scene from Kızılcahamam | |
| Map showing Kızılcahamam District in Ankara Province | |
| KızılcahamamLocation in TurkeyKızılcahamamKızılcahamam (Turkey Central Anatolia) | |
| Coordinates: 40°28′11″N 32°39′02″E / 40.46972°N 32.65056°E / 40.46972; 32.65056 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Ankara |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Süleyman Acar (AKP) |
| Area | 1,623 km2 (627 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 975 m (3,199 ft) |
| Population (2022) | 26,872 |
| Density | 17/km2 (43/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Area code | 0312 |
| Website | www.kizilcahamam.bel.tr |


title: Samuel G. Reed House

abstract: The Samuel G. Reed House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

text:
# Samuel G. Reed House

The **Samuel G. Reed House** is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Samuel G. Reed House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Portland Historic Landmark | |
|  | |
| The Samuel G. Reed House in 2013 | |
|  | |
| Location | 2615 SW Vista Avenue<br>Portland, Oregon |
| Coordinates | 45°30′31″N 122°42′12″W / 45.508720°N 122.703313°W / 45.508720; -122.703313 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1908 |
| Architect | MacNaughton, Raymond & Lawrence |
| Architectural style | Bungalow/Craftsman |
| MPS | Architecture of Ellis F. Lawrence MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 90001516 |
| Added to NRHP | October 17, 1990 |


title: Capsule (band)

abstract: Capsule Capsule is a Japanese electronica band consisting of producer Yasutaka Nakata and vocalist Toshiko Koshijima.

text:
# Capsule (band)

**Capsule** (カプセル, *Kapuseru*, stylized in all caps since autumn 2013 and previously in all lowercase) is a Japanese electronica band consisting of producer Yasutaka Nakata and vocalist Toshiko Koshijima.

## Career

Capsule formed in November 1997, after Yasutaka Nakata and Toshiko Koshijima met at the Teens' Music Festival in the Hokuriku area convention when they were both 17 years old. Their first single was "Sakura", released in March 2001 on Yamaha Music Communications. Their first album, *High Collar Girl*, was significantly different from their later works in that it did not involve nearly as much use of synthesizers or contain futuristic/electronic sounds.

Capsule's style in albums up to *L.D.K. Lounge Designers Killer* (2005) was frequently referred to as "neo-Shibuya-kei" due to their stylistic similarities, both aesthetically and musically, to acts from the Shibuya-kei movement of the 1990s, most notably Pizzicato Five. It contained elements of bossa nova, lounge and breakbeat. From *Fruits Clipper* (2006) on their style was increasingly electro house.

Capsule is known for frequently licensing their music for use on television programs in Japan, such as Utawara Hot Hit 10, Hello! Morning, and Nankai Paradise. Yugo Nakamura's studio, Tha of Japan, used Capsule's music for promotional TV and web advertisements for KDDI. Their song Portable Airport (remix) is featured in promos for The Comedy Channel on Australian pay TV. The album *More! More! More!* ranked 6th in its first week on the Oricon weekly album chart, and ranked 3rd on the daily chart, marking their first time in the top 10.

On January 19, 2010, Capsule released "Love or Lies" which was used as an insert song for the show *Liar Game Season 2* and the movie *Liar Game: The Final Stage*. It was included on their album, *Player*, which was released on March 3, 2010.

Their twelfth studio album, initially titled *KILLER WAVE*, was originally slated for a March 23, 2011, release. But following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, the album title was changed to *World of Fantasy* and its release was postponed to May 25, 2011.

The band's fourteenth album, *Caps Lock*, was released on October 23, 2013. Their fifteenth album, *Wave Runner*, was released on Feb 18, 2015.

Capsule's first new song in six years, *Hikari no Disco*, was teased in April 2021 and was released on June 3, 2021. On October 25, 2022, Capsule announced their 16th studio album, titled *Metro Pulse*, which was released on December 14.

## Discography

### Maxi singles

1. \[2001.03.28\] "Sakura" (さくら)
2. \[2001.07.04\] "Hanabi" (花火)
3. \[2001.10.17\] "Tokyo Kissa" (東京喫茶)
4. \[2002.08.21\] "Music Controller"
5. \[2002.11.20\] "Plastic Girl" (プラスチックガール)
6. \[2003.05.21\] "Candy Cutie" (キャンディー キューティー)
7. \[2004.02.04\] "Retro Memory" (レトロメモリー)

### 12" vinyl singles

1. \[2003.02.20\] "Cutie Cinema Pre-Play"
2. \[2003.05.21\] "Tone Cooking"
3. \[2003.09.17\] "Idol Fancy"
4. \[2004.05.21\] "Portable Airport"
5. \[2005.02.02\] "Space Station No.9"
6. \[2005.08.06\] "Aeropolis"
7. \[2006.04.19\] "Jelly"
8. \[2006.12.13\] "Starry Sky"
9. \[2007.09.05\] "Capsule rmx EP"
10. \[2007.11.07\] "Musixxx / I'm Feeling You"
11. \[2008.10.08\] "Jumper"

### Digital singles

1. \[2005.05.02\] cafe unice (CONTEMODE EXTENDED MIX)
2. \[2007.02.21\] Sugarless GiRL
3. \[2008.11.19\] more more more
4. \[2008.11.19\] the Time is Now
5. \[2010.01.19\] Love or Lies -LIAR GAME original ver-
6. \[2010.03.03\] Stay with You -LIAR GAME original ver-
7. \[2011.02.09\] WORLD OF FANTASY
8. \[2012.02.01\] Step on The Floor
9. \[2013.10.16\] CONTROL
10. \[2014.12.29\] Feel Again
11. \[2015.01.28\] Another World
12. \[2015.02.10\] Hero (extended mix)
13. \[2015.02.10\] White As Snow (extended mix)
14. \[2021.06.04\] Hikari no Disco (ひかりのディスコ)
15. \[2021.06.24\] Utsusemi (KNIGHTS OF SIDONIA Ai Tsumugu Hoshi) (Movie Version)
16. \[2021.09.10\] Future Wave (フューチャー・ウェイヴ)
17. \[2021.12.10\] Virtual Freedom (バーチャル・フリーダム)

### Albums

1. \[2001.11.21\] *High Collar Girl*
2. \[2003.03.19\] *Cutie Cinema Replay* (2,106 copies sold)
3. \[2003.11.19\] *phony phonic* (3,501 copies sold)
4. \[2004.06.09\] *S.F. sound furniture* (12,172 copies sold)
5. \[2005.02.09\] *Nexus-2060* (9,024 copies sold)
6. \[2005.09.21\] *L.D.K. Lounge Designers Killer* (10,707 copies sold)
7. \[2006.05.10\] *Fruits Clipper* (12,275 copies sold)
8. \[2007.02.21\] *Sugarless Girl* (23,324 copies sold)
9. \[2007.12.05\] *Flash Back* (37,915 copies sold)
10. \[2008.11.19\] *More! More! More!* (67,309 copies sold)
11. \[2010.03.03\] *Player* (47,853 copies sold)
12. \[2011.05.25\] *World of Fantasy* (previously *Killer Wave*; 25,000 copies sold)
13. \[2012.03.07\] *Stereo Worxxx* (24,000 copies sold)
14. \[2013.10.23\] *Caps Lock* (17,000 copies sold)
15. \[2015.02.18\] *Wave Runner*
16. \[2022.12.14\] *Metro Pulse*

### Compilations

1. \[2009.08.26\] *Flash Best* (34,578 copies sold)
2. \[2013.03.06\] *Rewind Best-1* (2012→2006) (6,000 copies sold)
3. \[2013.03.06\] *Rewind Best-2* (2005→2001) (5,000 copies sold)

### Remix albums

1. \[2007.10.10\] *Capsule rmx* (11,112 copies sold)

## InfoBox

| Capsule | |
| --- | --- |
| Capsule performing in 2011 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Kanazawa, Japan |
| Genres |  |
| Years active | 1997–present |
| Labels |  |
|  | |
| Members |  |
|  | |
| Website | http://capsule-official.com/ |


title: Pterocerina garleppi

abstract: Pterocerina garleppi is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Pterocerina of the family Ulidiidae.

text:
# Pterocerina garleppi

***Pterocerina garleppi*** is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus *Pterocerina* of the family Ulidiidae.

## InfoBox

| *Pterocerina garleppi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Ulidiidae |
| Genus: | *Pterocerina* |
| Species: | ***P. garleppi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pterocerina garleppi***<br>Enderlein, 1921 | |
|


title: Thakor

abstract: The Thakor Koli, or Thakore Koli, is a subcaste of the Koli caste of Gujarat. Koli people form the largest caste-cluster in Gujarat, comprising 24 per cent of the total population of the state. Koli Thakors in Gujarat are classified as Other Backward Class (OBC). During his tenure, the former chief minister, Koli community member Madhav Singh Solanki, included all Koli communities of Gujarat in the OBC. Koli Thakors are mostly cultivators or small land-owners.

text:
# Thakor

The **Thakor Koli**, or **Thakore Koli**, is a subcaste of the Koli caste of Gujarat. Koli people form the largest caste-cluster in Gujarat, comprising 24 per cent of the total population of the state. Koli Thakors in Gujarat are classified as Other Backward Class (OBC). During his tenure, the former chief minister, Koli community member Madhav Singh Solanki, included all Koli communities of Gujarat in the OBC. Koli Thakors are mostly cultivators or small land-owners.

## Social organisations

* Kshatriya Koli Thakor Samaj
* Sree Smasth Chunvalia Koli Thakor Velnath Pragati Mandal
* Chunvalia Koli Thakor Seva Trust, Surendranagar

## Social disputes

In February 2020, in Sharifda village, in Banaskantha district of Gujarat, Thakor Kolis disrupted the wedding of a Dalit man, a 22-year-old army *jawan* (soldier). Despite the presence of police officers attempting to protect the wedding procession, they pelted the bridegroom and his followers with stones because they objected to a Dalit bridegroom riding a mare. Three relatives of the groom, including two women, were injured in the attack. Eleven suspects were charged with assault and related offences.

## Notable Thakor

## InfoBox

| Thakor Koli | |
| --- | --- |
| Subcaste, or title of Koli caste | |
| Photograph of Thakor Koli of Baroda State, 1911 | |
| Location |  |
| Parent tribe | Koli people of Gujarat |
| Demonym(s) | Thakor Koli |
| Branches | Chunvalia Koli |
| Language |  |
| Religion | Hinduism |