title: Raghuraj Singh Kansana

abstract: Raghuraj Singh Kansana is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Morena. He was an elected member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly as a member of the Indian National Congress. During 2020 Madhya Pradesh political crisis, he supported senior Congress leader Jyotiraditya Scindia and was one of the 22 MLAs who resigned and later joined Bharatiya Janata Party.

text:
# Raghuraj Singh Kansana

**Raghuraj Singh Kansana** is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Morena. He was an elected member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly as a member of the Indian National Congress. During 2020 Madhya Pradesh political crisis, he supported senior Congress leader Jyotiraditya Scindia and was one of the 22 MLAs who resigned and later joined Bharatiya Janata Party.

## InfoBox

| Raghuraj Singh Kansana | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly | |
| **In office**
2018–2020 | |
| Preceded by | Rustam Singh |
| Succeeded by | Rakesh Mavai |
| Constituency | Morena |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Raghuraj Singh Kansana |
| Political party | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| Other political
affiliations | Indian National Congress (before 2020) |
|  | |


title: Samsuddin Ahmed

abstract: Samsuddin Ahmed was a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Manikganj-2 constituency during 2001–2006.

text:
# Samsuddin Ahmed

**Samsuddin Ahmed** (6 March 1945 – 20 December 2020) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Manikganj-2 constituency during 2001–2006.

## Background

Ahmed was born in Mirzaganj, Harirampur Upazila, Manikganj District in the then British India in 1945. He graduated from Jagannath College.

## Career

Ahmed was elected to parliament from Manikganj-2 as an independent candidate in 2001. He joined Bangladesh Awami League in 2006.

He died on 20 December 2020, from COVID-19, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.

## InfoBox

| Samsuddin Ahmed | |
| --- | --- |
| সামসুদ্দিন আহমেদ | |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament
for Manikganj-2 | |
| **In office**
November 2001  27 October 2006 | |
| Preceded by | Harunur Rashid Khan Monno |
| Succeeded by | S. M. Abdul Mannan |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1945-03-06)6 March 1945
Manikganj, Bengal Presidency, British India |
| Died | 20 December 2020(2020-12-20) (aged 75)
Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| Political party | Bangladesh Awami League |
|  | |


title: Stoneleigh-Rodgers Forge, Maryland

abstract: Stoneleigh-Rodgers Forge was a Census-designated place in Baltimore County during the 1960 United States Census, which consists of the communities of Stoneleigh and Rodgers Forge. The population in 1960 was 15,645. The census area merged with Towson in 1970, when the population of Towson CDP increased from 19,090 to 77,768. The ZIP code serving the area is 21212.

text:
# Stoneleigh-Rodgers Forge, Maryland

**Stoneleigh-Rodgers Forge** was a Census-designated place in Baltimore County during the 1960 United States Census, which consists of the communities of Stoneleigh and Rodgers Forge. The population in 1960 was 15,645. The census area merged with Towson in 1970, when the population of Towson CDP increased from 19,090 to 77,768. The ZIP code serving the area is 21212.

## Geography

The census area of Stoneleigh-Rodgers Forge was located north east of Baltimore and south of the census area of Towson. The land area of the CDP was 2.4 square miles and a population density of 6,519 per sq. mi.

## Education

The student population in the area is served by Baltimore County Public Schools. A few of the schools serving the area include Stoneleigh Elementary, Rodgers Forge Elementary, and Dumbarton Middle School.

## InfoBox

| Stoneleigh-Rodgers Forge | |
| --- | --- |
| Former CDP | |
| Stoneleigh-Rodgers ForgeLocation within the state of Maryland | |
| Coordinates: 39°22′40″N 76°37′49″W / 39.37778°N 76.63028°W / 39.37778; -76.63028 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maryland |
| County | Baltimore |
| Population (1960) | |
| Total | 15,645 |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| ZIP codes | 21212 |


title: Trichilia micropetala

abstract: Trichilia micropetala is a species of plant in the family Meliaceae. It is endemic to Brazil. It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# Trichilia micropetala

***Trichilia micropetala*** is a species of plant in the family Meliaceae. It is endemic to Brazil. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| *Trichilia micropetala* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 2.3) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Meliaceae |
| Genus: | *Trichilia* |
| Species: | ***T. micropetala*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trichilia micropetala***
Pennington | |
|


title: Ross Spano

abstract: Vincent Ross Spano is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative from Florida's 15th congressional district. The district stretches from Lakeland to the northeastern suburbs of Tampa. A Republican, he was first elected to Congress in the 2018 elections. He ran for reelection in the 2020 election but was defeated in the Republican primary.

text:
# Ross Spano

**Vincent Ross Spano** (born July 16, 1966) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative from Florida's 15th congressional district. The district stretches from Lakeland to the northeastern suburbs of Tampa. A Republican, he was first elected to Congress in the 2018 elections. He ran for reelection in the 2020 election but was defeated in the Republican primary.

## Personal life

Ross Spano was born in Tampa and currently lives in nearby Dover. He graduated from Brandon High School. He later attended the University of South Florida, where he graduated with a BA in history in 1994, and the Florida State University College of Law, receiving a JD *cum laude* in 1998, where he was a member of the FSU moot court team and the FSU Journal of Transnational Law and Policy. Ross Spano was admitted to the Florida bar the same year.

Spano is a Baptist.

## Florida House of Representatives

In 2012, following the reconfiguration of the Florida House of Representatives districts, Spano ran in the newly created 59th District, and faced Joe Wicker, Betty Jo Tompkins, and Mike Floyd in the Republican primary. He emerged victorious with 40% of the vote, with Wicker close behind having 38% of the vote. Spano ran in the general election against the Democratic nominee, Gail Gottlieb. Spano defeated Gottlieb with 51% of the vote, coming out ahead by 1,051 votes.

In the Florida House of Representatives, Spano serves on the Choice and Innovation Subcommittee, Civil Justice Subcommittee, Health Quality Subcommittee, Higher Education & Workforce Subcommittee, and Judiciary Committee. Ross Spano also served on the Federal Judicial Nominating Commission during his tenure in the Florida House.

While serving in the legislature Spano authored numerous pieces of human trafficking legislation. He sponsored a bill to allow judges "to vacate certain criminal convictions if the offender can prove that they committed them under duress," as would happen in a situation in which someone had been illegally trafficked.

In 2017, Spano sponsored a resolution declaring that the viewing of pornography was causing a "public health crisis."

## US House of Representatives

### Elections

#### 2018

In 2018, Spano ran to represent Florida's 15th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives. He defeated Neil Combee in the Republican primary, winning approximately 44% of the votes to Combee's 34%. Spano went on to face Democratic candidate Kristen Carlson in the general election. Spano defeated Carlson, receiving 53% of the vote to Carlson's 47%. It was the closest race in the district in 26 years, when Charles Canady only won by five points in 1992 in what was then the 12th District. Additionally, it was only the fourth time that a Democrat had managed 40 percent of the vote in the district since Andy Ireland switched parties in 1984 in what was then the 10th District (it was renumbered the 12th in 1992, and has been the 15th since 2013).

During Spano's election to the House of Representatives in 2018, he loaned his campaign more than $100,000 from what he reported as personal funds - a move that drew media attention as financial disclosures forms filed by Spano indicated that he did not have the necessary funds to loan himself the reported amount. It was later reported that Spano had been lent the money by friends. In December 2018, Spano wrote in a news release that his campaign financing "may have been in violation of the Federal Campaign Finance Act". In November 2019, it was reported that the Justice Department was conducting a criminal investigation into Spano over possible campaign finance violations. Spano has denied any wrongdoing.

#### 2020

In August 2020, Spano narrowly lost the primary for renomination by the Republican Party to Scott Franklin.

### Tenure

Spano gained attention when he quoted civil rights leader Coretta Scott King to explain his opposition to the Equality Act, which would outlaw discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity; King was a leading supporter of LGBT rights.

On December 18, 2019, Spano voted against both articles of impeachment against Trump.

In December 2020, Spano was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives who signed an amicus brief in support of *Texas v. Pennsylvania*, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court contesting the results of the 2020 presidential election, in which Joe Biden prevailed over incumbent Donald Trump. The Supreme Court declined to hear the case on the basis that Texas lacked standing under Article III of the Constitution to challenge the results of the election held by another state.

### Committee assignments

## Electoral history

2018, Florida's 15th congressional district, Republican primary results
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Ross Spano** | **26,868** | **44.1** |
|  | Republican | Neil Combee | 20,577 | 33.8 |
|  | Republican | Sean Harper | 6,013 | 9.9 |
|  | Republican | Danny Kushmer | 4,061 | 6.7 |
|  | Republican | Ed Shoemaker | 3,377 | 5.5 |
| Total votes | | | **60,896** | **100.0** |

Florida's 15th congressional district, 2018
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Ross Spano** | **151,380** | **53.0** |
|  | Democratic | Kristen Carlson | 134,132 | 47.0 |
|  | Independent | Dave Johnson (write-in) | 15 | 0.0 |
|  | Independent | Jeffrey G. Rabinowitz (write-in) | 3 | 0.0 |
|  | Independent | Alek Bynzar (write-in) | 2 | 0.0 |
| Total votes | | | **285,532** | **100.0** |
|  | Republican **hold** | | | |

### Primary results

2020, Florida's 15th congressional district, Republican primary results
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Scott Franklin** | **30,718** | **51.2** |
|  | Republican | Ross Spano (incumbent) | 29,240 | 48.8 |
| Total votes | | | **59,958** | **100.0** |

## InfoBox

| Ross Spano | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Florida's 15th district | |
| **In office**
January 3, 2019  January 3, 2021 | |
| Preceded by | Dennis Ross |
| Succeeded by | Scott Franklin |
| Member of the Florida House of Representatives
from the 59th district | |
| **In office**
November 6, 2012  November 6, 2018 | |
| Preceded by | *Redistricted* |
| Succeeded by | Adam Hattersley |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Vincent Ross Spano
(1966-07-16) July 16, 1966
Tampa, Florida, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Amie |
| Children | 4 |
| Education | University of South Florida (BA)
Florida State University (JD) |
|  | |


abstract: Burkina Faso participated at the 2017 Summer Universiade, in Taipei, Taiwan with 6 competitors from 2 sports.

text:
# Burkina Faso at the 2017 Summer Universiade

**Burkina Faso** participated at the **2017 Summer Universiade**, in Taipei, Taiwan with 6 competitors from 2 sports.

## Competitors

The following table lists Burkina Faso's delegation per sport and gender.

| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Athletics | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Judo | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Total | 4 | 2 | 6 |

## Athletics

### Track Events

| Athlete | Event | Round 1 | | Round 2 | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Bienvenu Wendla Sawadogo | Men's 400m | 47.69 | 4**q** |  | | 48.15 | 8 | Did Not Advance | |
| Florian Tinsa R Some | Men's 110m Hurdles | 15.60 | 6 | Did Not Advance | | | | | |

### Field Events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Hugues Fabrice Zango | Triple Jump | 16.21 | 4**q** | 16.97 |  |

### Combined Events

**Heptathlon**

| Athlete | Event | 100H | HJ | SP | 200 m | LJ | JT | 800 m | Final | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Christiane Yasm Koala | Result | DNS | | | | | | | N/A | N/A |
| | Points | DNS | | | | | | | | |

## Judo

| Athlete | Event | Round of 64 | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Repechage 32 | Repechage 16 | Repechage 8 | Final Repechage | Semifinals | Final / BM | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Rank |
| Salimata Da | Women's -48 kg |  | Imene Rezzoug (ALG)
**L** 00–10 | did not advance | | | | | | | |  |
| Bernice Brice B Sawadogo | Men's -66 kg | Bye | Simon K M Yacoub (PLE)
**L** 00–10 | Did Not Advance | | | | | | | |  |

## InfoBox

| Burkina Faso at the
2017 Summer Universiade | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | BUR |
| NOC | Burkinabé National Olympic and Sports Committee |
| in Taipei, Taiwan
19 – 30 August 2017 | |
| Competitors | 6 in 2 sports |
| Medals
Ranked 53rd | Gold 0 Silver 1 Bronze 0 Total 1 |
| Summer Universiade appearances | |
|  | |


title: Sybra catalana

abstract: Sybra catalana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gressitt in 1956.

text:
# Sybra catalana

***Sybra catalana*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gressitt in 1956.

## InfoBox

| *Sybra catalana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Sybra* |
| Species: | ***S. catalana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Sybra catalana***<br>Gressitt, 1956 | |
|


title: 2010–11 Euroleague

abstract: The 2010–11 Turkish Airlines Euroleague was the 11th season of the modern era of professional Euroleague Basketball, and the first under the title sponsorship of Turkish Airlines. Including the competition's previous incarnation as the FIBA Europe Champions Cup, this was the 54th season of the premier first-tier competition for European men's clubs. The format featured 24 teams, beginning with Game 1 of the first qualifying round on September 21, 2010, and culminating at the Final Four in the Palau Sant Jordi, Barcelona. It was won by the Athenian club Panathinaikos, who defeated Maccabi Electra in the championship game of May 8, 2011. Montepaschi Siena, finished 3rd by holding off Real Madrid in the third-place game. At the individual level, the season was marked by Dimitris Diamantidis of Panathinaikos. Not only did the Greek point guard lift the trophy for the third time in five years and receive the Euroleague Final Four MVP award, but he also became the first player ever to win three end-of-season awards: Euroleague MVP, Euroleague Best Defender, and All-Euroleague First Team.

text:
# 2010–11 Euroleague

The **2010–11 Turkish Airlines Euroleague** was the 11th season of the modern era of professional Euroleague Basketball, and the first under the title sponsorship of Turkish Airlines. Including the competition's previous incarnation as the FIBA Europe Champions Cup, this was the 54th season of the premier first-tier competition for European men's clubs.

The format featured 24 teams, beginning with Game 1 of the first qualifying round on September 21, 2010, and culminating at the Final Four in the Palau Sant Jordi, Barcelona. It was won by the Athenian club Panathinaikos (6th title), who defeated Maccabi Electra in the championship game of May 8, 2011. Montepaschi Siena, finished 3rd by holding off Real Madrid in the third-place game.

At the individual level, the season was marked by Dimitris Diamantidis of Panathinaikos. Not only did the Greek point guard lift the trophy for the third time in five years and receive the Euroleague Final Four MVP award, but he also became the first player ever to win three end-of-season awards: Euroleague MVP, Euroleague Best Defender, and All-Euroleague First Team.

## Teams

Key to colors
|  | Champion |
| --- | --- |
|  | Runner-up |
|  | Third place |
|  | Fourth place |
|  | Eliminated in Quarterfinals |
|  | Eliminated in Last 16 |
|  | Eliminated in the regular season |

| Country (League) | Teams | Teams *(ranking in 2009-10 national championship)* | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Spain (ACB) | 5 | Caja Laboral *(1)* | FC Barcelona *(2)* | Real Madrid *(SF)* | Unicaja Málaga *(SF)* | Power Electronics Valencia *(QF)* |
| Italy (Lega A) | 3 | Montepaschi Siena *(1)* | Armani Jeans Milano *(2)* | Lottomatica Roma *(QF)* |  |  |
| Greece (GBL) | 2 | Panathinaikos *(1)* | Olympiacos *(2)* |  |  |  |
| Turkey (TBL) | 2 | Fenerbahçe Ülker *(1)* | Efes Pilsen *(2)* |  |  |  |
| Lithuania (LKL) | 2 | Lietuvos Rytas *(1)* | Žalgiris *(2)* |  |  |  |
| Russia (PBL) | 2 | CSKA Moscow *(1)* | Khimki *(2)* |  |  |  |
| Serbia (KLS) | 1 | Partizan *(1)* |  |  |  |  |
| France (LNB Pro A) | 1 | Cholet *(1)* |  |  |  |  |
| Germany (BBL) | 1 | Brose Bamberg *(1)* |  |  |  |  |
| Croatia (A1 Liga) | 1 | Cibona *(1)* |  |  |  |  |
| Slovenia (SKL) | 1 | Union Olimpija *(2)* |  |  |  |  |
| Israel (BSL) | 1 | Maccabi Electra *(2)* |  |  |  |  |
| Poland (PLK) | 1 | Asseco Prokom *(1)* |  |  |  |  |
| Belgium (BLB) | 1 | Spirou Charleroi *(1)* |  |  |  |  |

†As winner of the ULEB Eurocup 2009–10

## Draw

The draws for the 2010–11 Turkish Airlines Euroleague was held on Thursday, July 8 at Barcelona, Spain. The draws began at 11:15 local time (CET) and determined the qualifying-round matchups and regular-season groups for the Euroleague, as well as the qualifying rounds for the Eurocup and the regular-season for the EuroChallenge.

Teams were organised into six pots of four teams.

Two teams from the same country cannot coincide in the same Regular Season group, except for Spain that has five teams participating in the competition.

| **Pot 1** | **Pot 2** | **Pot 3** | **Pot 4** | **Pot 5** | **Pot 6** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CSKA Moscow
FC Barcelona
Olympiacos
Caja Laboral | Montepaschi Siena
Panathinaikos
Maccabi Electra
Real Madrid | Partizan
Power Electronics Valencia
Unicaja Málaga
Lietuvos Rytas | Fenerbahçe Ülker
Asseco Prokom
Efes Pilsen
Lottomatica Roma | Žalgiris
Cibona
Armani Jeans Milano
Brose Bamberg | Union Olimpija
Cholet
Spirou Charleroi (QR A)
Khimki (QR B) |

## Qualifying rounds

The Qualifying Rounds consisted of three rounds, QR1, QR2 and QR3. The rounds were played in home and away series.

### Bracket

The higher ranked team hosted the second leg.

|  | First qualifying round | | | | |  |  | Second qualifying round | | | | |  |  | Third qualifying round | | | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 1 | **Alba Berlin** | 79 | **95** | **174** |  |  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | ||
|  | 4 | Roanne | **86** | 82 | 168 |  | ||
|  | | | | | | |  | 1 | **Alba Berlin** | **73** | 73 | **146** |  | |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | |  | |
|  | |  |  | 2 | Hemofarm Vršac | 67 | **78** | 145 |  ||
|  | 2 | | | | | | | | **Hemofarm Vršac** | **97** | 77 | **174** |  | |
|  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |
|  | | 3 | Hapoel Gilboa | 84 | **86** | 170 |  ||
|  | | | | | | |  | 1 | Alba Berlin | 77 | 70 | 147 |  |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 3 | **Spirou Charleroi** | **81** | 70 | **151** |  |
|  | 1 | | | | | | | | **UNICS** | **84** | **78** | **162** |  |  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | | 4 | GasTerra Flames | 72 | 63 | 135 | |  |
|  | | | | | | |  | 1 | UNICS | 69 | **75** | 144 |  |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 3 | **Spirou Charleroi** | **75** | 71 | **146** |  |
|  | | | | | | | | | 2 | ČEZ Nymburk | 68 | **73** | 141 |  |
|  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | | 3 | **Spirou Charleroi** | **79** | 71 | **150** |  |

|  | First qualifying round | | | | |  |  | Second qualifying round | | | | |  |  | Third qualifying round | | | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 1 | **ASVEL** | 64 | **84** | **148** |  |  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | ||
|  | 4 | Budućnost | **69** | 76 | 145 |  | ||
|  | | | | | | |  | 1 | ASVEL | 75 | **71** | 146 |  | |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | |  | |
|  | |  |  | 2 | **Le Mans** | **85** | 63 | **148** |  ||
|  | 2 | | | | | | | | **Le Mans** | **78** | **78** | **156** |  | |
|  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |
|  | | 3 | Banvit | 72 | 66 | 138 |  ||
|  | | | | | | |  | 2 | Le Mans | 56 | 66 | 122 |  |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 1 | **Khimki** | **70** | **87** | **157** |  |
|  | 1 | | | | | | | | **Khimki** | **77** | **85** | **162** |  |  | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | | 4 | Pepsi Caserta | 74 | 66 | 140 | |  |
|  | | | | | | |  | 1 | **Khimki** | **87** | **74** | **161** |  |
|  | | | | | | | |  | | | | |  |
|  | |  |  | 2 | Budivelnyk | 58 | 67 | 125 |  |
|  | | | | | | | | | 2 | **Budivelnyk** |  |  | **w/o** |  |
|  | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
|  | | 3 | Maroussi |  |  | DSQ |  |

## Regular season

The Regular Season began on 18 October 2010 with Olympiacos hosting Real Madrid and ended on 23 December 2010.

If teams were level on record at the end of the Regular Season, tiebreakers are applied in the following order:

1. Head-to-head record.
2. Head-to-head point differential.
3. Point differential during the Regular Season.
4. Points scored during the regular season.
5. Sum of quotients of points scored and points allowed in each Regular Season match.

Key to colors
|  | Top four places in each group advanced to Top 16 |
| --- | --- |

| Group A     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Maccabi Electra 10 9 1 799 700 +99  2.  Caja Laboral 10 5 5 809 784 +25  3.  Žalgiris 10 5 5 762 765 −3  4.  Partizan 10 5 5 658 717 −59  5.  Khimki 10 4 6 764 753 +11  6.  Asseco Prokom 10 2 8 689 762 −73 | Group B     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Olympiacos 10 7 3 805 730 +75  2.  Real Madrid 10 6 4 734 662 +72  3.  Unicaja Málaga 10 5 5 749 759 −10  4.  Lottomatica Roma 10 5 5 733 770 −37  5.  Brose Bamberg 10 4 6 714 739 −25  6.  Spirou Charleroi 10 3 7 691 766 −75 |
| --- | --- |

| Group C     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Montepaschi Siena 10 8 2 787 661 +126  2.  Fenerbahçe Ülker 10 7 3 795 723 +72  3.  Regal FC Barcelona 10 7 3 766 709 +57  4.  Lietuvos Rytas 10 4 6 779 784 −5  5.  Cholet 10 4 6 705 774 −69  6.  Cibona 10 0 10 677 858 −181 | Group D     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Panathinaikos 10 7 3 802 703 +99  2.  Union Olimpija 10 6 4 789 783 +6  3.  Efes Pilsen 10 5 5 756 768 −12  4.  Power Electronics Valencia 10 5 5 689 695 −6  5.  Armani Jeans Milano 10 4 6 737 766 −29  6.  CSKA Moscow 10 3 7 683 741 −58 |
| --- | --- |

## Top 16

The 16 qualified teams were drawn into four groups with four teams. The matches were played between January 19 and March 3, the top two teams of every group advanced to the playoffs. The draw took place on 4 January 2011 at Barcelona at 13:00 CET, and was streamed live on the Euroleague's official website.

Key to colors
|  | Top two places in each group advanced to quarterfinals |
| --- | --- |

| Group E     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Caja Laboral 6 4 2 468 437 +31  2.  Panathinaikos 6 4 2 452 395 +57  3.  Lietuvos Rytas 6 3 3 445 473 −28  4.  Unicaja Málaga 6 1 5 414 474 −60 | Group F     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Regal FC Barcelona 6 6 0 471 402 +69  2.  Maccabi Electra 6 3 3 511 442 +69  3.  Lottomatica Roma 6 2 4 411 462 −51  4.  Union Olimpija 6 1 5 394 481 −87 |
| --- | --- |

| Group G     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Real Madrid 6 5 1 460 423 +37  2.  Montepaschi Siena 6 4 2 452 423 +29  3.  Efes Pilsen 6 2 4 426 455 −29  4.  Partizan 6 1 5 389 426 −37 | Group H     Team Pld W L PF PA Diff  1.  Olympiacos 6 5 1 461 418 +43  2.  Power Electronics Valencia 6 3 3 449 438 +11  3.  Fenerbahçe Ülker 6 3 3 456 462 −6  4.  Žalgiris 6 1 5 418 466 −48 |
| --- | --- |

## Quarterfinals

Team 1 hosted Games 1 and 2, plus Game 5 if necessary. Team 2 hosted Game 3, and Game 4 if necessary.

| Team 1 | Agg. | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg | 3rd leg | 4th leg | 5th leg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Caja Laboral | 1–3 | Maccabi Electra | 76–70 | 81–83 | 60–81 | 77–99 |
| Regal FC Barcelona | 1–3 | Panathinaikos | 83–82 | 71–75 | 74–76 | 67–78 |
| Real Madrid | 3–2 | Power Electronics Valencia | 71–65 | 75–81 | 75–66 | 72–81 | 66–58 |
| Olympiacos | 1–3 | Montepaschi Siena | 89–41 | 65–82 | 72–81 | 76–88 |

## Final four

## Individual statistics

### Rating

| Rank | Name | Team | Games | Rating | PIR |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | **Fernando San Emeterio** | Caja Laboral | 20 | 381 | 19.05 |
| 2. | Dimitris Diamantidis | Panathinaikos | 22 | 407 | 18.50 |
| 3. | Joel Freeland | Unicaja Málaga | 15 | 262 | 17.47 |

### Points

| Rank | Name | Team | Games | Points | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | **Igor Rakočević** | Efes Pilsen | 14 | 241 | 17.21 |
| 2. | Mirza Teletović | Caja Laboral | 20 | 309 | 15.45 |
| 3. | Vassilis Spanoulis | Olympiacos | 20 | 284 | 14.20 |

### Rebounds

| Rank | Name | Team | Games | Rebounds | RPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | **Mirsad Türkcan** | Fenerbahçe Ülker | 12 | 88 | 7.33 |
| 2. | James Gist | Partizan | 14 | 97 | 6.93 |
| 3. | Paulius Jankūnas | Žalgiris | 16 | 110 | 6.88 |

### Assists

| Rank | Name | Team | Games | Assists | APG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | **Dimitris Diamantidis** | Panathinaikos | 22 | 137 | 6.23 |
| 2. | Marcelinho Huertas | Caja Laboral | 20 | 111 | 5.55 |
| 3. | Omar Cook | Power Electronics Valencia | 21 | 116 | 5.52 |

### Other Stats

| Category | Name | Team | Games | Stat |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Steals per game | Chuck Eidson | Maccabi Electra | 22 | 2.64 |
| Blocks per game | Mirza Begic | Žalgiris
Real Madrid | 16 | 1.50 |
| Turnovers per game | Vassilis Spanoulis | Olympiacos | 20 | 3.85 |
| Fouls drawn per game | Vassilis Spanoulis | Olympiacos | 20 | 5.40 |
| Minutes per game | Vlado Ilievski | Union Olimpija | 15 | 34:48 |
| 2FG% | Antonis Fotsis | Panathinaikos | 22 | 0.760 |
| 3FG% | Fernando San Emeterio | Caja Laboral | 20 | 0.500 |
| FT% | Nando de Colo | Power Electronics Valencia | 19 | 0.957 |

### Game highs

| Category | Name | Team | Stat |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Rating | Keith Langford | Khimki | 42 |
| Points | Keith Langford | Khimki | 35 |
| Rebounds | Richard Hendrix | Maccabi Electra | 16 |
| Assists | Vule Avdalovic | Cholet | 13 |
| | Marcelinho Huertas | Caja Laboral | |
| Steals | Doron Perkins | Maccabi Electra | 7 |
| | Charles Smith | Lottomatica Roma | |
| Blocks | D'or Fischer | Real Madrid | 6 |
| Turnovers | DeJuan Collins | Žalgiris | 9 |
| Fouls Drawn | Keith Langford | Khimki | 15 |

## Awards

### Euroleague 2010–11 MVP

### Euroleague 2010–11 Final Four MVP

### All-Euroleague Team 2010–11

| Position | All-Euroleague First Team | Club team | All-Euroleague Second Team | Club team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| PG | Dimitris Diamantidis | Panathinaikos | Jeremy Pargo | Maccabi Electra |
| SG/SF | Juan Carlos Navarro | FC Barcelona | Vassilis Spanoulis | Olympiacos |
| SG/SF | Fernando San Emeterio | Caja Laboral | Sergio Llull | Real Madrid |
| PF/ | Mike Batiste | Panathinaikos | Duško Savanović | Power Electronics Valencia |
| PF/ | Sofoklis Schortsanitis | Maccabi Electra | Kšyštof Lavrinovič | Montepaschi Siena |

### Top scorer (Alphonso Ford Trophy)

### Best Defender

### Rising Star

### Coach of the Year (Alexander Gomelsky Award)

### Club Executive of the Year

### MVP Weekly

#### Regular season

| Game | Player | Team | Rating |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Chuck Eidson | Maccabi Electra | 30 |
| 2 | Bootsy Thornton | Efes Pilsen | 29 |
| 3 | Dimitris Diamantidis | Panathinaikos | 31 |
| 4 | Berni Rodríguez | Unicaja Málaga | 36 |
| 5 | Sammy Mejia | Cholet | 35 |
| 6 | Kšyštof Lavrinovič | Montepaschi Siena | 36 |
| 7 | Darius Washington | Lottomatica Roma | 31 |
| 8 | Ratko Varda | Asseco Prokom | 31 |
| 9 | Bo McCalebb | Montepaschi Siena | 34 |
| 10 | Keith Langford | Khimki | 42 |

#### Top 16

| Game | Player | Team | Rating |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Kenny Gregory | Union Olimpija | 30 |
| 2 | Marcelinho Huertas
Khalid El-Amin | Caja Laboral
Lietuvos Rytas | 29 |
| 3 | D'or Fischer
Lior Eliyahu | Real Madrid
Maccabi Electra | 30 |
| 4 | Antonis Fotsis | Panathinaikos | 40 |
| 5 | Marcelinho Huertas (2) | Caja Laboral | 30 |
| 6 | Fernando San Emeterio | Caja Laboral | 37 |

#### Quarterfinals

| Game | Player | Team | Rating |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Richard Hendrix | Maccabi Electra | 28 |
| 2 | Malik Hairston | Montepaschi Siena | 32 |
| 3 | Marko Jarić
D'or Fischer (2) | Montepaschi Siena
Real Madrid | 27 |
| 4 | Malik Hairston (2) | Montepaschi Siena | 31 |
| 5 | Duško Savanović | Power Electronics Valencia | 23 |

### MVP of Month

| Month | Player | Team |
| --- | --- | --- |
| October 2010 | Goran Jagodnik | Union Olimpija |
| November 2010 | Chuck Eidson | Maccabi Electra |
| December 2010 | Dimitris Diamantidis | Panathinaikos |
| January 2011 | Juan Carlos Navarro | FC Barcelona |
| February 2011 | Radoslav Nesterović | Olympiacos |
| March 2011 | Jeremy Pargo | Maccabi Electra |

## References and notes

## InfoBox

| Euroleague | |
| --- | --- |
| The Palau Sant Jordi in Barcelona hosted the Final Four | |
| Season | 2010–11 |
| Duration | 18 October 2010 – 8 May 2011 |
| Teams | 24 |
| Regular season | |
| Season MVP | Dimitris Diamantidis |
| Finals | |
| Champions | **Panathinaikos** (6th title) |
| Runners-up | Maccabi Electra |
| Third place | Montepaschi Siena |
| Fourth place | Real Madrid |
| Final Four MVP | Dimitris Diamantidis |
| Statistical leaders | |
| Points  Igor Rakočević  17.2  Rebounds  Mirsad Türkcan  7.3  Assists  Dimitris Diamantidis  6.2  Index Rating  Fernando San Emeterio  19.1 | |
| 2009–10 2011–12 | |


abstract: The Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission is a one institution, two names organ, a Theater Deputy-grade unit, and a first-level functional agency of China's CMC in charge of providing guidance and direction to all forms of research and development related to defense science and technology. It is located in Beijing.

text:
# Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission

The **Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission** is a one institution, two names organ, a Theater Deputy-grade unit, and a first-level functional agency of China's CMC in charge of providing guidance and direction to all forms of research and development related to defense science and technology. It is located in Beijing.

## History

In July 1982, the CMC merged the Science, Technology and Equipment Commission of the Central Military Commission of China, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and the National Defense Industry Office of the State Council to form the *Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense of the People's Liberation Army*, as the leading agency for the centralized management of national defense science and technology and national defense industry under the dual control of the Central Military Commission and the State Council.

The first leadership team consisted of five people: Director Zhang Zhenhuan (former deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission for National Defense), deputy director Qian Xuesen (former deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission for National Defense), Zhu Guangya (former deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission for National Defense), Song Jian (concurrently, Deputy Minister of Aerospace Industry), Ye Zhengda (former deputy director of the National Defense Industry Office).

In April 1998, the Central Military Commission decided to establish the General Armament Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. The General Armament Department retained the Science and Technology Committee, the technical command and leadership body of the former Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, and made it into the Science and Technology Committee of the General Armament Department of the People's Liberation Army. The first leadership team of the Science and Technology Committee of the General Armament Department consisted of four people: Director Zhu Guangya, Deputy Director Guo Guirong, Li Fengzhou, and Li Hengxing (Commander of the 26th Base)

In January 2016, as part of the 2015 reform, the Science and Technology Committee of the General Armament Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army was abolished and the Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission was organized.

## Responsibilities

The STCCMC is at the leading edge of the effort for "Civil-Military fusion" as proclaimed in 2019. According to the National Defense White Paper 2019, the main duties of the Science and Technology Commission are administering the national defense science and technology strategy, leading cutting-edge technological innovation in an organized manner, and promoting the development of military-civil fusion for science and technology. Compared to the traditional system of military R&D used by the GAD, the Science and Technology Commission appears to be promoting weapons development using existing cutting-edge technologies, while cooperating with the Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission to militarize new technologies.

## Organization

After its creation in 2016, the STCCMC has the following subordinate institutions.

### Internal Offices

* General Office (综合局)
* Innovation Bureau (科技创新局)
* Science and Technology Strategy Bureau (科技战略局)

### Directly Subordinate Units

## InfoBox

Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission
| 中华人民共和国中央军事委员会科学技术委员会
zhōnghuá rénmín gònghéguó zhōngyāng jūnshì wěiyuánhuì kēxué jìshù wěiyuánhuì | |
| --- | --- |
| National Emblem of the People's Republic of China | |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 16 January 2016 (2016-01-16) |
| Type | First-level functional agency of the Central Military Commission
Highest organ of defense research |
| Jurisdiction | People's Liberation Army |
| Headquarters | Beijing |
| Agency executive |  |


title: USS Refuge

abstract: USS Refuge (AH-11), was a hospital ship of the United States Navy during World War II. The ship was built in 1921 by the New York Shipbuilding Corp., of Camden, New Jersey, as SS Blue Hen State, but was renamed President Garfield in 1923 and then SS President Madison in 1940 for service with American President Lines. Acquired by the Navy from the War Shipping Administration on 11 April 1942 the ship was commissioned as the transport USS Kenmore until conversion to a hospital ship.

text:
# USS Refuge

**USS *Refuge* (AH-11)**, was a hospital ship of the United States Navy during World War II. The ship was built in 1921 by the New York Shipbuilding Corp., of Camden, New Jersey, as **SS *Blue Hen State***, but was renamed ***President Garfield*** in 1923 and then **SS *President Madison*** in 1940 for service with American President Lines. Acquired by the Navy from the War Shipping Administration on 11 April 1942 the ship was commissioned as the transport **USS *Kenmore*** until conversion to a hospital ship.

## Construction

*Blue Hen State* was an Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1095 passenger/cargo design more frequently known in the industry as the "502" type for the design length of 502 feet (153.0 m) between perpendiculars. The design had been for troop transports until signing of the armistice ending World War I made completion as civilian passenger and cargo ships desirable. New York Shipbuilding had the contract for all seven of the "502" class and nine of the "535" class, an order requiring expansion and construction of the company's South Yard, that were to be delivered to the United States Shipping Board (USSB).

The design specifications for the seven ships were for 12,000 DWT combined passenger and cargo ships with elaborate accommodations for 78 passengers served by a crew of 115 and a bale cargo capacity of 465,940 cubic feet (13,194.0 m3) of which 52,300 cubic feet (1,481.0 m3) was cargo cold storage. *Blue Hen State*, along with *Centennial State*, was modified during completion to carry several hundred steerage passengers.

## Merchant service

*Blue Hen State*, named after a nickname for Delaware, was renamed *President Garfield* by the USSB in 1922 in a mass renaming of the previously "State"-named ships. She was transferred to Dollar Line in 1923. On 26 August 1925, she ran aground at Nantucket, Massachusetts, but was refloated the next day.

*President Garfield* was sold in 1926 to Dollar Line. On 1 June 1928, she rammed the American cargo ship SS *Kershaw* in the Atlantic Ocean off Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. *Kershaw* sank with the loss of seven crew members. *President Garfield* rescued 30 survivors from *Kershaw*.

On 20 January 1929, *President Garfield* ran aground on Matanilla Reef in the Bahamas. Her passengers were taken off by the American passenger ship SS *Pan America*. She was refloated on 23 January.

*President Garfield* was transferred from Dollar Line to American President Lines in 1938 and renamed *President Madison* in 1940.

*President Madison* was delivered to the United States Government for World War II service at Boston on 6 September 1941 in a precursor of the procedure later followed by ships delivered to the War Shipping Administration (established 7 February 1942) and was operated by American President Lines as agent.

## World War II

*President Madison* had just sailed from Manila when war came to the Pacific arriving at the blacked out Surabaya unaware of the war with lights lit and a big United States flag visible as they passed Japanese fishing boats. On being told to turn off lights and of war both passengers and crew began painting the ship grey and the carpenter fabricated an imitation wooden gun in hopes of keeping submarines from surfacing and being able to outrun the ship on its voyage to New York. The ship was dubbed the *Phantom Ship*, for dodging submarines while fleeing the Japanese under strict radio silence and presumed sunk to arrive safely in New York 92 days later.

*President Madison* was purchased by the Navy at Baltimore on 11 April 1942. The ship was converted to a troop transport, renamed, classified as a transport with hull number AP-62 and commissioned on 5 August 1942 as **USS *Kenmore*** at Baltimore, Maryland.

### Commissioned as USS *Kenmore* (AP-62)

Following shakedown in Chesapeake Bay, *Kenmore* put in at Norfolk, Virginia, on 6 September and embarked men and equipment of the 13th Marine Defense Battalion and the 18th and 19th Naval Construction Battalions. Departing on 19 September, she docked at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, on 24 September and steamed in convoy for the Pacific on 4 October transporting the Marine Corps' 9th Defense Battalion. Arriving off Nouméa, New Caledonia, on 11 November, she debarked her troops and offloaded her cargo, then reported on 9 November to Rear Adm. Richmond K. Turner, Commander, Amphibious Forces, South Pacific.

*Kenmore* departed Nouméa on 28 November as a unit of Task Force 62, arriving off the beach east of Togoma Point, Guadalcanal, on 3 December. There she offloaded troops and cargo for two days, thence returned to Nouméa on 11 December. She next steamed unescorted to San Francisco, arriving on 5 January 1943 for an overhaul at General Engineering & Drydock Company.

From 8 February until 27 May, *Kenmore* transported troops and cargo between San Francisco and the Hawaiian Islands. Departing San Francisco on 13 June, she steamed for Nouméa, arriving on 6 July. A call at Tenaru Beach, Guadalcanal on 13 July was followed by a return to Nouméa on the 20th, with departure for the east coast of the United States five days later. She transited the Panama Canal on 19 August, took on passengers at Cristóbal, and steamed via Guantanamo for Norfolk, Virginia, arriving there on 2 September. She then decommissioned at Baltimore, Maryland, on 16 September, for conversion to a hospital ship by the Maryland Drydock Company.

### Recommissioned as USS *Refuge* (AH-11)

Renamed *Refuge* and redesignated AH-11, the ship recommissioned at Baltimore on 24 February 1944. After a partial fitting out at Baltimore, she steamed on 10 March to the Norfolk Navy Yard. Assigned to the Service Force, Atlantic, she commenced assisting in the transport of casualties from the war zones to the United States.

#### Atlantic service

Departing Hampton Roads on 20 April, *Refuge* embarked patients at Mers El Kébir, Algeria, from 6–8 May, and returned to Charleston, South Carolina, on 24 May. From 1 June through 29 July 1944, she made two voyages to the British Isles, embarking patients at Belfast, Northern Ireland; Liverpool, England; and Milford Haven, Wales. These patients were returned to Newport News and Norfolk, Virginia.

Sailing again for the Mediterranean on 2 August, she arrived at Oran, Algeria on the 17th, thence proceeded to the southern coast of France for operations between St. Tropez Bay and Naples, Italy. She departed Naples on 16 September with embarked patients, took on additional patients at Oran, then steamed for New York, arriving on 6 October.

#### South Pacific duty

After an overhaul at New York, *Refuge* departed on 1 November 1944 for South Pacific duty with the Service Force, 7th Fleet. After stopping at Humboldt Bay, Dutch New Guinea, on 16 December, she continued on three days later for the Philippines. Arriving San Pedro Bay, Leyte, on Christmas Eve, she commenced the embarkation of patients from small landing craft. By 30 June 1945 she had made six voyages from that area to deliver her casualties to either Hollandia, New Guinea or Seeadler Harbor, Manus, the Admiralties. She departed Seeadler Harbor on 1 July for Manila, where she received patients from various fleet units through to the end of August 1945.

*Refuge* departed Manila on 31 August for Jinsen, Korea, arriving 8 September. She sailed on the 17th, embarked evacuees at Shanghai, China, thence steamed for Okinawa, arriving 2 October. She then made two voyages between Okinawa and Qingdao, China through 20 October.

After embarking patients and troops for return to the United States, *Refuge* departed Okinawa on 22 October, took on additional patients at Saipan, and arrived in San Francisco on 18 November. An overhaul took her through 9 December, and two days later she departed for Yokosuka, Japan, arriving on 4 January 1946. After embarking Army troops for transportation to the United States, she departed on 7 January and returned to Seattle, Washington, on the 28th. USS *Refuge* received one battle star for World War II service.

### Decommission

*Refuge* decommissioned at Seattle on 2 April 1946. Her name was struck from the Navy list on 8 May 1946 and she was delivered to the War Shipping Administration on 29 June 1946 and placed in the Reserve Fleet at Olympia, Washington. She was sold for scrap to Consolidated Builders on 2 February 1948.

## Bibliography

* "APL History" (PDF). APL (American President Lines). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 February 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
* Maritime Administration. "*President Madison*". *Ship History Database Vessel Status Card*. U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
* Marine Engineering (1920). "502-Foot Passenger and Cargo Vessels". *Marine Engineering*. **25** (April). New York: Aldrich Publishing Company: 265–269. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
* McKellar, Norman L. "Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917–1921, Part V, Contract Steel Ships". *Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917–1921*. ShipScribe. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
* Naval History And Heritage Command. "*Refuge*". *Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships*. Naval History And Heritage Command. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
* Pacific American Steamship Association; Shipowners Association of the Pacific Coast (1921). "The New York Shipbuilding Corporation". *Pacific Marine Review*. **18** (April). San Francisco: J.S. Hines: 201–204. Retrieved 25 July 2015.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Pacific American Steamship Association; Shipowners Association of the Pacific Coast (1922). "Cost of U.S.S.B. Vessels". *Pacific Marine Review*. **19** (July). San Francisco: J.S. Hines: 434. Retrieved 25 July 2015.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Villard, Harold G., ed. (1921). "Launching of the *Blue Hen State*". *The Nautical Gazette*. **100** (March 5, 1921). New York: The Nautical Gazette, Inc.: 314. Retrieved 25 July 2015.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | * 1921–1922: *Blue Hen State* * 1922–1940: *President Garfield* * 1940–1942: *President Madison* * 1942–1944: *Kenmore* * 1944–1948: *Refuge* |
| Operator | American President Lines |
| Builder | New York Shipbuilding, Camden, New Jersey |
| Cost | $4,088,274.71 |
| Yard number | hull 250 |
| Launched | 23 February 1921 as *Blue Hen State* |
| Completed | June 1921 |
| Fate | Sold for scrap 2 February 1948 |
| United States | |
| Name | USS *Kenmore* (AP-62) |
| Acquired | 11 April 1942 |
| Commissioned | 5 August 1942 |
| Decommissioned | 16 September 1943 |
| Fate | Converted to hospital ship |
| United States | |
| Name | USS *Refuge* (AH-11) |
| Commissioned | 24 February 1944 |
| Decommissioned | 2 April 1946 |
| Stricken | 8 May 1946 |
| Honours and
awards | 1 battle star (WWII) |
| Fate | Sold for scrap, 2 February 1948 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Design 1095 ship known commercially as "502" Type |
| Tonnage | 10,501 GRT |
| Displacement | 16,800 long tons (17,070 t) |
| Length | * 502 ft 1 in (153.0 m) LBP * 522 ft 8 in (159.3 m) LOA |
| Beam | 62 ft (18.9 m) |
| Draft | 26 ft (7.9 m) (limiting) |
| Propulsion | Reciprocating Engines, Twin Screw |
| Speed | 11.5 knots (21.3 km/h; 13.2 mph) |
| Capacity | 626 patients |
| Complement | (Navy) 543 officers and enlisted |
| Armament | None |


title: Butler in a Box

abstract: Butler in a Box was an early voice-controlled home automation device developed in 1983 by magician Gus Searcy and programmer Franz Kavan. The device allowed users to control various home electronics, such as lights and phones, using voice commands. It predated modern smart speakers and virtual assistants by several decades.

text:
# Butler in a Box

**Butler in a Box** was an early voice-controlled home automation device developed in 1983 by magician Gus Searcy and programmer Franz Kavan. The device allowed users to control various home electronics, such as lights and phones, using voice commands. It predated modern smart speakers and virtual assistants by several decades.

## History

The idea for the Butler in a Box originated in 1983 when Searcy was asked by friends why he couldn't simply command lights to turn on and off if he could pull rabbits out of hats, given his background as a professional magician. Searcy partnered with former IBM programmer Kavan to develop the device, with their first prototype being named "Sidney". The Butler in a Box combined remote control technology with voice recognition to enable control of home devices. However, it faced challenges due to the technological limitations of the era and its high price point of nearly $1,500 (equivalent to around $3,700 in 2021).

## Features and functionality

Users could activate the Butler in a Box by speaking a wake word, typically a traditional butler name, and the device would address the user as "boss". It was capable of performing tasks such as:

* Turning lights on and off, controlling individual zones if lights were connected to remote control modules
* Making and receiving phone calls
* Setting timers
* Pairing with sensors to function as a security alarm system

However, the device required extensive voice training for each user, a time-consuming process compared to modern voice recognition. Additionally, settings and trained commands would be lost if power was out for over 3 hours due to the volatile memory technology used at the time.

## Reception and legacy

While innovative for its time, the Butler in a Box did not achieve widespread commercial success due to its high price and the technical limitations of the 1980s. Nevertheless, it served as an important early step in the development of home automation and showcased the potential for voice-controlled technology to enhance accessibility and convenience in the home. Decades later, products like Amazon Alexa, Google Home, and Apple's Siri would make voice-controlled smart home devices commonplace and affordable, building on the groundwork laid by early attempts like the Butler in a Box.


title: Cora Slocomb di Brazza

abstract: Cora Slocomb di Brazza was an American heiress and Italian activist, businesswoman, and philanthropist. Born into a wealthy family in New Orleans, she relocated to Connecticut after her father's death and was raised in Quaker traditions. Privately tutored, she studied in France, Germany and the Isle of Wight, taking painting lessons with Frank Duveneck. In 1887, she went to Italy and married Detalmo Savorgnan di Brazza, brother of explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza. They settled in his family estate at the Castello di Brazzà in Moruzzo in the Province of Udine, wintering in Rome. She created a lace-making school and eventually opened seven Brazza Lace Cooperative Schools. Besides promoting basic education, the schools taught bobbin lace-making and marketed the wares to help women rise above poverty. Speaking four languages, Slocomb di Brazza printed various language pamphlets to attract interest from abroad in their products. She displayed the goods of the Lace Cooperative Schools at trade shows and world fairs. She also was successful in a drive to reduce US import duties on handcrafted items in 1897, arguing that the tariffs would drive up immigration. Involved in the peace movement from 1889, Slocomb di Brazza created the peace flag and was the founder of the International Council of Women's Committee on Social Peace and International Arbitration in 1897. The committee worked to create agreements for nations to solve conflicts diplomatically and avoid war. Aligned with her peace work, she undertook numerous humanitarian drives to assist immigrant communities, reduce strife caused by cultural differences, and improve Italian–American relations. Slocomb di Brazza campaigned against the death penalty, fighting for a pardon and then assisting accused murderer, Maria Barbella, in gaining a second trial, at which she was acquitted. She attended the 1903 and 1904 Congresses of the International Council of Women, representing the Consiglio Nazionale delle Donne Italiane. With activists from CNDI, she founded the Società Cooperativa delle Industrie Femminili Italiane in 1903 to remove middlemen who exploited craftswomen. In 1906, Slocomb di Brazza developed a mental illness which kept her isolated and confined for the next thirty-seven years. The Brazza Cooperative Lace Schools which she initiated are still operational and the peace flag she designed has been widely used in international ceremonies and celebrations.

text:
# Cora Slocomb di Brazza

**Cora Slocomb di Brazza** (January 7, 1862 – August 24, 1944) was an American heiress and Italian activist, businesswoman, and philanthropist. Born into a wealthy family in New Orleans, she relocated to Connecticut after her father's death and was raised in Quaker traditions. Privately tutored, she studied in France, Germany and the Isle of Wight, taking painting lessons with Frank Duveneck. In 1887, she went to Italy and married Detalmo Savorgnan di Brazza, brother of explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza. They settled in his family estate at the Castello di Brazzà in Moruzzo in the Province of Udine, wintering in Rome. She created a lace-making school and eventually opened seven Brazza Lace Cooperative Schools. Besides promoting basic education, the schools taught bobbin lace-making and marketed the wares to help women rise above poverty. Speaking four languages, Slocomb di Brazza printed various language pamphlets to attract interest from abroad in their products. She displayed the goods of the Lace Cooperative Schools at trade shows and world fairs. She also was successful in a drive to reduce US import duties on handcrafted items in 1897, arguing that the tariffs would drive up immigration.

Involved in the peace movement from 1889, Slocomb di Brazza created the peace flag and was the founder of the International Council of Women's Committee on Social Peace and International Arbitration in 1897. The committee worked to create agreements for nations to solve conflicts diplomatically and avoid war. Aligned with her peace work, she undertook numerous humanitarian drives to assist immigrant communities, reduce strife caused by cultural differences, and improve Italian–American relations. Slocomb di Brazza campaigned against the death penalty, fighting for a pardon and then assisting accused murderer, Maria Barbella, in gaining a second trial, at which she was acquitted. She attended the 1903 and 1904 Congresses of the International Council of Women, representing the Consiglio Nazionale delle Donne Italiane (CNDI, National Council of Italian Women). With activists from CNDI, she founded the Società Cooperativa delle Industrie Femminili Italiane (IFI, Italian Women's Industries Cooperative Society) in 1903 to remove middlemen who exploited craftswomen. In 1906, Slocomb di Brazza developed a mental illness which kept her isolated and confined for the next thirty-seven years. The Brazza Cooperative Lace Schools which she initiated are still operational and the peace flag she designed has been widely used in international ceremonies and celebrations.

## Early life and education

Cora Ann Slocomb was born on January 7, 1862, in New Orleans, Louisiana, to Abigail Hannah Slocomb (née Day) and Cuthbert Harrison Slocomb. At the time of her birth, her father was a Confederate soldier, serving in the Louisiana Washington Artillery during the American Civil War. After his war service, he returned to his partnership in a hardware store which had been founded by his father, successfully accumulating a fortune prior to his death in 1874. Her mother, who worked professionally under the name Abby Day Slocomb, was a Quaker and descendant of Elisha Hinman, a soldier in the American Revolutionary War. She filed several patents, designed the Connecticut State flag, founded the Groton, Connecticut, chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and founded the preservation society and museum for Fort Griswold.

Slocomb was educated in New Orleans until her father's death. The family then relocated to Connecticut, where she studied with private tutors. At thirteen, she went abroad, studying in Germany and France, before completing her education on the Isle of Wight.

In 1884, she became a student of Frank Duveneck, studying painting at the Royal Academy in Munich, Germany. After completing her course, Slocomb traveled to Rome in 1887 and met Detalmo Savorgnan di Brazza, brother of Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, who explored Africa reaching the Congo River. Soon after their meeting, Slocomb contracted typhoid fever and withdrew to Sorrento for several months to recover. Immediately upon hearing of her recovery, di Brazza went to see her and proposed marriage. The couple were married on October 18, 1887, in New York City. As Slocomb was Protestant and di Brazza Catholic, a civil service took place at 3 East Forty-Fifth Street officiated by Italian consul General Giovanni Raffo, followed by a religious ceremony performed by Father Ducey of St. Leo Catholic Church. Part of her marriage contract required her to become an Italian national.

## Career

After their marriage, the couple lived at the Castello di Brazza in Moruzzo in the Province of Udine and wintered in Rome at the Palazzo Vaccari on Via del Tritore. Their only child, Idanna, was born in 1888. Concerned about the poverty of peasants in Friuli, Slocomb di Brazza created a lace-making cooperative to give the women a means of support during the seasons when they could not work on their farms. She also opened a toy-making workshop in Fagagna, which created dolls and operated until the onset of World War I. Teaching women the skill to make lace, which she had learned in her childhood, she created patterns which incorporated decorative motifs that were traditional in the region. Slocomb di Brazza spoke English, French, German, and Italian and printed pamphlets in each of the languages to attract consumers from abroad. In 1891, she opened the first lace-making school in the hamlet of Santa Margherita del Gruagno. To promote the idea of a school, she taught six girls how to make torchon lace by weaving sixty threads on bobbins and had them demonstrate their new skill at the agricultural show they had organized at the castle for September 8. The lace-makers were the highlight of the show and generated around forty students for the school. Finding no qualified teacher, Slocomb di Brazza taught basic education courses as well as the technical and artistic requirements of lace-making, training the best students to become teachers.

Following this model, in 1892 a second school was opened by her student Angelica Marcuzzi in Fagagna. Later five other Brazza Lace Cooperative Schools were developed with facilities in Brazzacco, Martignacco, and San Vito di Fagagna. As there was no market for the lace products in Friuli, Slocomb di Brazza used her contacts in Rome to gather antique lace samples. Marrying those with samples provided by her mother and her students, she published a book, *A Guide to Old and New Lace in Italy: Exhibited at Chicago in 1893*, which accompanied an exhibit of the laces in The Woman's Building at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair. At the Congress of Women held during the exposition, Slocomb di Brazza presented a talk, *The Italian Woman in the Country* to familiarize the delegates with the work being done to improve women's economic situations in Italy. The exhibit won a gold medal, and after the exhibition, the Philadelphia Museum of Art acquired the laces. Following that success, the schools expanded and submitted works to other fairs, winning two gold medals at the 1900 Exposition Universelle in Paris and recognition at the 1905 Liège International, in Belgium, among others. For three decades after the first Brazza Lace Cooperative School opened in 1891, the main earnings of women in the region came from producing lace, or growing violets. She encouraged her brother-in-law Filippo Savorgnan di Brazza to develop a marketable flower from a wild white violet. Women were able to grow and sell this violet to earn money.

## Activism

From 1889, Slocomb di Brazza had been an active member of the Universal Peace Union. She developed seven rules of harmony, as guiding principles aimed at achieving personal and world unity, cooperation, justice, and mindfulness regarding the environment. She shared these principles with her students and worked to develop a peace movement in Italy. As a delegate of the Universal Peace Union, she met with the International Council of Women in October 1897, and formed the Committee on Social Peace and International Arbitration. It was designed to establish arbitration committees throughout the world as a means of developing diplomatic channels for nations to work out their disputes. Slocomb di Brazza became chair of the committee with Hannah G. Solomon as vice chair.

Visiting other women's groups to promote peace, Slocomb di Brazza proposed adopting a peace flag which she had designed after visiting the International Red Cross offices in Geneva earlier that year. The flag featured yellow, purple, and white stripes to represent respectively love, consistency, and youth. In its center was a crest with symbols of peace and the motto Pro Concorda Labor (For Peace I Work). The flag was formally adopted by the International Council of Women in October, and at the meeting of the National Council of Women of the United States held in Nashville, Tennessee, in November it was formally adopted by the organization as a symbol of universal brotherhood, cooperation, and peace. The flag had already been shared with Élie Ducommun, founder of the International Peace Bureau, which adopted the flag in 1899, the year in which it was also endorsed by the Woman's Christian Temperance Union.

Concerned about high tariffs on imported lace, in 1897 Slocomb di Brazza published a ten-page booklet, which she sent to members of the United States Congress, arguing that the burden of high import duties was encouraging immigration. Her presentation was successful and resulted in a lowering of the tariff from sixty percent to fifteen percent for handcrafted items. She was acutely aware of immigration issues, as two years before she had sailed to New York City to defend Maria Barbella, a young illiterate immigrant who was one of the first women sentenced to die in the electric chair in the United States. Reportedly, Barbella had been raped by her boyfriend Domenico Cataldo, whom she then killed after he refused to restore her honor by marrying her. An all-male jury had convicted her of murder. After reading about the case in *The New York Times*, Slocomb di Brazza organized efforts to secure Barbella a pardon and to campaign against the death penalty. The ruling was overturned and Barbella was freed after a second trial in 1896.

Slocomb di Brazza, accompanied her husband for his business affairs in the United States in 1897. As a member of both the American and Italian Red Cross organizations, she spent her time in the United States, assisting humanitarian efforts for soldiers wounded in the Greco-Turkish War. She made presentations throughout the country with Clara Barton, appealing for American activists to assist Greek women in their relief work. She founded the National American Greek Red Cross Association to gather clothing, material, medicine, and money for Greece.

Slocomb di Brazza attended the International Council of Women's 1903 Congress in Dresden, Germany, and the 1904 Congress in Berlin, representing the Consiglio Nazionale delle Donne Italiane (CNDI, National Council of Italian Women), formed in 1903. CNDI members, including Slocomb di Brazza, Etta de Viti de Marco, Antonia Ponti Suardi and Lavinia Boncompagni-Ludovisi Taverna established a standing committee, the Società Cooperativa delle Industrie Femminili Italiane (IFI, Italian Women's Industries Cooperative Society) both to promote Italian arts and crafts abroad, and remove middlemen, who exploited and took advantage of the craftswomen. She became president of the society and her husband Detalmo served as secretary. The society set about creating regional branches organized under various patronesses. By 1906 they had created twenty-four regional branches and established sister organizations in the United States which were designed to provide employment in various needlecrafts for Italian immigrants. That year, Slocomb di Brazza traveled to the United States as a representative of the Italian government to meet with US officials and other people working with immigrants in an attempt to establish protocols for the treatment and processing of immigrants. Believing it would benefit both European and American governments, she suggested an indoctrination program in order to make immigrants aware of the culture and laws and to learn the language, accompanied by a facilitated settlement program so that immigrant labor could live where they were most needed.

## Illness

Back in Italy, in 1906 Slocomb di Brazza was returning home from organizing earthquake relief in Calabria when she suffered a mental and physical breakdown in Bologna. By the time her husband reached her, she did not recognize him or her surroundings. She was diagnosed with a form of osteoporosis, known as Paget's disease of bone, which impacted her skull and caused severe and debilitating headaches. She was placed under the care of Cesare Ferrari, a pioneering Italian physician who ran a psychiatric hospital in Imola.

As she was unable to continue their management, the schools were taken over in 1908 by Marcuzzi, who continued their operation to honor Slocomb di Brazza. Her speech was often confused and she had difficulty understanding what was going on around her. Her husband visited her frequently until his death in 1922. She appeared to have improved in 1927 and returned to the Castello di Brazzà, but within six months relapsed and was sent to the Hospital Villa Giuseppina in Rome, where she remained in isolation until her death at age 82 in 1944.

## Death and legacy

Slocomb di Brazza died in Rome on August 24, 1944, and was buried in the family vault at the Verano Cemetery. For many years, her history was obscured because of the stigmas surrounding mental illness.

Her defense of Barbella, which has been widely noted, along with her work in the IFI demonstrate that Slocomb di Brazza was aware of the exploitation and vulnerability garment craftswomen faced and that she was willing to use her privilege to assist them. The Cooperative Lace Schools of Brazza continue to train girls between ages seven and fifteen in lace-making.

The peace flag she designed was in wide use until the end of World War I, before losing its significance. In 2013, it was chosen to celebrate Bertha von Suttner, a fellow peace activist and friend of Slocomb di Brazza, for the centennial celebrations of The Hague's Peace Palace. Since then, it has been used in several commemorative ceremonies and celebrations throughout the world. Her great-granddaughter, Idanna Pucci, an anthropologist and documentary film-maker, retold the story of Slocomb di Brazza's involvement in the case of Barbella in her books *The Trials of Maria Barbella: The True Story of a 19th Century Crime of Passion* (1993) and *The Lady of Sing Sing* (2020).

## Works

* Brazza, Cora A. Slocomb de (1893). *A Guide to Old and New Lace in Italy: Exhibited at Chicago in 1893*. Chicago, Illinois: W.B. Conkey Company. OCLC 609717966.
* Brazza, Cora A. Slocomb de (1896). *A Literary Farce*. Boston, Massachusetts: The Arena Publishing Company. OCLC 557626026.
* Brazza, Cora A. Slocomb de (1897). *The Human and Urgent Side of the Tariff Question*. New York, New York: Andrew H. Kellogg. OCLC 938013132.
* Brazza, Cora A. Slocomb de (1897). *Ampharita: An American Idyll* (2nd ed.). New York, New York: Peace Bureau. OCLC 256854964.
* Brazza, Cora A. Slocomb de (1906). *Relief For Calabria Through Local Co-operative Production: Report And Project For Co-operative Work-rooms And Industrial Schools For The Necessitous Women And Children*. Milan, Italy: Segretario di propaganda pel lavoro in Calabria. OCLC 893912874.

### Citations

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Cora Slocomb di Brazza | |
| --- | --- |
| Slocomb di Brazza in Rome, 1904 | |
| Born | Cora Ann Slocomb
(1862-01-07)January 7, 1862
New Orleans, Louisiana, US |
| Died | August 24, 1944(1944-08-24) (aged 82)
Rome, Italy |
| Other names | * Cora A. Slocomb de Brazza * Cora Slocomb di Brazza Savorgnan * Cora Slocomb Savorgnan di Brazza * Countess di Brazza |
| Citizenship |  |
| Occupations | * Educator * activist * businesswoman * philanthropist |
| Years active | 1887–1906 |
| Children | 1 |
| Mother | Abby Day Slocomb |
| Relatives | Idanna Pucci (great-granddaughter) |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: Trichilia reticulata

abstract: Trichilia reticulata is a species of plant in the family Meliaceae. It is endemic to Jamaica.

text:
# Trichilia reticulata

***Trichilia reticulata*** is a species of plant in the family Meliaceae. It is endemic to Jamaica.

## InfoBox

| *Trichilia reticulata* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Near Threatened  (IUCN 2.3) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Meliaceae |
| Genus: | *Trichilia* |
| Species: | ***T. reticulata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trichilia reticulata***
P.Wilson | |
|


title: Farrel Corcoran

abstract: Professor Farrel Corcoran is an author and retired academic of Dublin City University. He has served as Head of Communication and Dean of the Faculty of Humanities at the university. From 1995 to 2000 he was chairman of RTÉ, the Republic of Ireland's public service broadcaster. Farrel Corcoran was born in Borrisokane, he went to secondary school in St Finian's College, Mullingar, before entered Maynooth College as a clerical student, following his Humanities studies he left the seminary and became a teacher, in Ireland and abroad. He also worked at RTE. Corcoran went to the US to do postgraduate studies, earning a PhD from University of Oregon.

text:
# Farrel Corcoran

Professor **Farrel Corcoran** is an author and retired academic of Dublin City University. He has served as Head of Communication and Dean of the Faculty of Humanities at the university. From 1995 to 2000 he was chairman of RTÉ, the Republic of Ireland's public service broadcaster.

Farrel Corcoran was born in Borrisokane, he went to secondary school in St Finian's College, Mullingar, before entered Maynooth College as a clerical student, following his Humanities studies he left the seminary and became a teacher, in Ireland and abroad. He also worked at RTE. Corcoran went to the US to do postgraduate studies, earning a PhD from University of Oregon.

## Published works

Books by Farrel Corcoran include: *RTÉ and the Globalisation of Irish Television*, Intellect Books, 2004.


title: Rothmann (crater)

abstract: Rothmann is an impact crater that is located in the southeastern part of the Moon's near side, about one crater diameter to the southwest of the Rupes Altai scarp. To the southwest is the slightly larger crater Lindenau. This is a relatively fresh crater that is not significantly eroded. The outer rim is circular and is not overlaid by craters of note. The inner walls have slumped and formed terraces in places. The interior floor is somewhat irregular, and has a central rise near the midpoint. Rothmann is a crater of Eratosthenian age. Rothmann is named after German astronomer Christopher Rothmann.

text:
# Rothmann (crater)

**Rothmann** is an impact crater that is located in the southeastern part of the Moon's near side, about one crater diameter to the southwest of the Rupes Altai scarp. To the southwest is the slightly larger crater Lindenau.

This is a relatively fresh crater that is not significantly eroded. The outer rim is circular and is not overlaid by craters of note. The inner walls have slumped and formed terraces in places. The interior floor is somewhat irregular, and has a central rise near the midpoint.

Rothmann is a crater of Eratosthenian age.

Rothmann is named after German astronomer Christopher Rothmann.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Rothmann.

| Rothmann | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A | 29.4° S | 27.6° E | 8 km |
| B | 31.8° S | 28.4° E | 21 km |
| C | 28.6° S | 25.1° E | 19 km |
| D | 28.9° S | 22.8° E | 14 km |
| E | 32.9° S | 29.2° E | 10 km |
| F | 29.1° S | 28.0° E | 7 km |
| G | 28.4° S | 24.3° E | 92 km |
| H | 29.1° S | 25.4° E | 11 km |
| J | 29.3° S | 25.7° E | 8 km |
| K | 28.8° S | 24.4° E | 6 km |
| L | 29.2° S | 28.7° E | 14 km |
| M | 31.2° S | 29.8° E | 16 km |
| W | 30.8° S | 26.6° E | 11 km |

## InfoBox

Rothmann
| Lunar Orbiter 4 image | |
| --- | --- |
| Coordinates | 30°49′S 27°42′E / 30.81°S 27.70°E / -30.81; 27.70 |
| Diameter | 41.67 km |
| Depth | 4.2 km |
| Colongitude | 333° at sunrise |
| Eponym | Christopher Rothmann |


title: Sallie Steketee

abstract: Sallie Hall Steketee was an American painter. She was the daughter of William Campbell and Julia (Jackson) hall of Brazil, Indiana. On January 28, 1908 she married Paul Fredrick Steketee of Grand Rapids, Michigan. They had two sons, Paul, Fredrick, Jr. and Campbell Hall Steketee. She studied at the Art Academy of Cincinnati and she specialized in still lifes. She was a member of the National Association of Women Painters, and exhibited in Chicago and at the Hoosier Salon in the 1920s-30s. Steketee's sister-in-law, Helen Steketee, was also a well-known artist from Grand Rapids, Michigan artist who exhibited around Detroit in the 1930s. She studied with Mathias Alten and Breckenridge.

text:
# Sallie Steketee

**Sallie Hall Steketee** (Mrs. Paul Frederick Steketee) (born September 11, 1882) was an American painter. She was the daughter of William Campbell and Julia (Jackson) hall of Brazil, Indiana. On January 28, 1908 she married Paul Fredrick Steketee of Grand Rapids, Michigan. They had two sons, Paul, Fredrick, Jr. and Campbell Hall Steketee.

She studied at the Art Academy of Cincinnati and she specialized in still lifes. She was a member of the National Association of Women Painters, and exhibited in Chicago and at the Hoosier Salon in the 1920s-30s.

Steketee's sister-in-law, Helen Steketee, was also a well-known artist from Grand Rapids, Michigan artist who exhibited around Detroit in the 1930s. She studied with Mathias Alten and Breckenridge.

1. *Grand Rapids and County, Michigan edited by Ernest B. Fisher*. R.O. Law company. 1918.
2. "The Newsletter of the Wabash Valley Genealogy Society" (PDF).
3. Antiquesonline Auctions Archived 2008-02-24 at the Wayback Machine


title: Sybra brevelineata

abstract: Sybra brevelineata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Pic in 1926.

text:
# Sybra brevelineata

***Sybra brevelineata*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Pic in 1926.

## InfoBox

| *Sybra brevelineata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Sybra* |
| Species: | ***S. brevelineata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Sybra brevelineata***<br>(Pic, 1926) | |
|


title: Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35

abstract: Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the solo cantata for alto voice in Leipzig for the twelfth Sunday after Trinity and first performed it on 8 September 1726. Bach composed the cantata in his fourth year as Thomaskantor in Leipzig. The text is based on the day's prescribed reading from the Gospel of Mark, the healing of a deaf mute man. The librettist is Georg Christian Lehms, whose poetry Bach had used already in Weimar as the basis for solo cantatas. The text quotes ideas from the gospel and derives from these the analogy that as the tongue of the deaf mute man was opened, the believer should be open to admire God's miraculous deeds. The cantatas for this Sunday have a positive character, which Bach stressed in earlier works for the occasion by including trumpets in the score. In this work, he uses instead an obbligato solo organ in several movements. The cantata is structured in seven movements in two parts, to be performed before and after the sermon. Both parts are opened by an instrumental sinfonia with solo organ, probably derived from concerto music composed earlier in Weimar or Köthen. The alto singer performs a sequence of alternating arias and recitatives, accompanied in all three arias by the organ as an equal partner. The Baroque instrumental ensemble is formed by two oboes, taille, strings and basso continuo. The alto part is demanding and was probably written with a specific singer in mind, as with the two other solo cantatas composed in the same period.

text:
# Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35

***Geist und Seele wird verwirret*** (Spirit and soul become confused), **BWV 35**, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the solo cantata for alto voice in Leipzig for the twelfth Sunday after Trinity and first performed it on 8 September 1726.

Bach composed the cantata in his fourth year as *Thomaskantor* (musical director) in Leipzig. The text is based on the day's prescribed reading from the Gospel of Mark, the healing of a deaf mute man. The librettist is Georg Christian Lehms, whose poetry Bach had used already in Weimar as the basis for solo cantatas. The text quotes ideas from the gospel and derives from these the analogy that as the tongue of the deaf mute man was opened, the believer should be open to admire God's miraculous deeds. The cantatas for this Sunday have a positive character, which Bach stressed in earlier works for the occasion by including trumpets in the score. In this work, he uses instead an obbligato solo organ in several movements.

The cantata is structured in seven movements in two parts, to be performed before and after the sermon. Both parts are opened by an instrumental sinfonia with solo organ, probably derived from concerto music composed earlier in Weimar or Köthen. The alto singer performs a sequence of alternating arias and recitatives, accompanied in all three arias by the organ as an equal partner. The Baroque instrumental ensemble is formed by two oboes, taille, strings and basso continuo. The alto part is demanding and was probably written with a specific singer in mind, as with the two other solo cantatas composed in the same period.

## History and words

Bach composed the cantata in his fourth year as *Thomaskantor* in Leipzig for the Twelfth Sunday after Trinity. It is regarded as part of his third cantata cycle.

The prescribed readings for the Sunday were from the Second Epistle to the Corinthians, the ministry of the Spirit (2 Corinthians 3:4–11), and from the Gospel of Mark, the healing of a deaf mute man (Mark 7:31–37). The cantata text was written by Georg Christian Lehms and published in *Gottgefälliges Kirchen-Opffer* (1711). The text connects the healing of the deaf man to the thoughts of the believer who is left deaf and mute in awe looking at the healing of Jesus and God's creation. The text of the second aria is almost a quote of the gospel's last verse.

Because of the requirements that "new music" be composed as often as possible, Bach seldom chose older poems for his cantatas; consequently, the conductor Craig Smith has suggested that parts of this work may have been composed earlier than the first recorded Leipzig performance. Bach had already composed his first solo cantata on a text by Lehms, *Widerstehe doch der Sünde*, BWV 54, composed during his tenure in Weimar, also for an alto soloist.

The cantata is one of three Bach cantatas written in Leipzig in 1726 in which an alto is the only vocal soloist, the others being *Vergnügte Ruh, beliebte Seelenlust*, BWV 170, and *Gott soll allein mein Herze haben*, BWV 169. It seems likely that Bach had a capable alto singer at his disposal during this period.

Bach had earlier composed two other cantatas for the twelfth Sunday after Trinity, in his first year in Leipzig *Lobe den Herrn, meine Seele*, BWV 69a, first performed on 15 August 1723, and in his third year *Lobe den Herren, den mächtigen König der Ehren*, BWV 137, first performed on 19 August 1725, as an added part of his cycle of chorale cantatas. Both works focus on praise (*Lob*) and use an orchestra including festive trumpets.

Furthermore, the work has two large concerto movements for organ and orchestra, probably from a lost concerto for keyboard, oboe or violin, perhaps indicating that the cantata was composed for a seasonal choral *absentia* at Thomaskirche. The first nine bars of the opening sinfonia are practically identical to the fragment BWV 1059.

Bach led the first performance on 8 September 1726, and probably played the organ part himself.

## Structure and scoring

Bach structured the cantata in two parts, four movements to be performed before the sermon, three after the sermon. Both parts begin with a sinfonia. Bach scored the cantata for an alto soloist and a Baroque instrumental ensemble of two oboes (Ob), taille (Ot), obbligato solo organ (Org), two violins (Vl), viola (Va), and basso continuo (Bc).

In the following table of the movements, the scoring follows the *Neue Bach-Ausgabe*. The keys and time signatures are taken from Alfred Dürr, using the symbol for common time (4/4). The instruments are shown separately for winds, strings, and organ and continuo.

Movements of *Geist und Seele wird verwirret*  Part 1
| No. | Title | Text | Type | Vocal | Winds | Strings | Others | Key | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Sinfonia* |  |  |  | 2Ob Ot | 2Vl Va | Org Bc |  |  |
|  | Geist und Seele wird verwirret | Lehms | Aria | Alto | 2Ob Ot | 2Vl Va | Org Bc | A minor | 6/8 |
|  | Ich wundre mich | Lehms | Recitative | Alto |  |  | Bc |  |  |
|  | Gott hat alles wohlgemacht | Lehms | Aria | Alto |  |  | Org Bc | F major |  |

Movements of *Geist und Seele wird verwirret*  Part 2
| No. | Title | Text | Type | Vocal | Winds | Strings | Others | Key | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Sinfonia* |  |  |  | 2Ob Ot | 2Vl Va | Org Bc |  | 3/8 |
|  | Ach, starker Gott | Lehms | Recitative | Alto |  |  | Bc |  |  |
|  | Ich wünsche nur bei Gott zu leben | Lehms | Aria | Alto | 2Ob Ot | 2Vl Va | Org Bc | C major | 3/8 |

## Music

John Eliot Gardiner, who conducted this work on the twelfth Sunday after Trinity in St. Jakob, Köthen as part of the Bach Cantata Pilgrimage with the Monteverdi Choir in 2000, calls the occasion "one of the most cheerful programmes of the whole Trinity season", leading Bach to compose "celebratory pieces", two with trumpets and timpani, and finally this one with an obbligato organ. In an expanded two-part structure, the organ is both an instrumental soloist in the two sinfonias and a partner for the singer in all three arias. The musicologist Laurence Dreyfus distinguished Bach's use of the organ as "sacred icon" versus "galant conversationalist", writing on Bach's "assimilation of the secular solo concerto into his church cantatas and his adjustment of the normal concerto principle, that of soloist-versus-orchestra, through subtle shifts in role playing, the instrument now posing as a soloist, now retreating into the background."

### 1

The opening *allegro* sinfonia incorporates concerto techniques, suggesting an origin in a pre-existing concerto. The organ performs both the solo melody and the continuo line, punctuated by quasi-cadenza passages and interspersed ten-measure ritornellos. The musicologist Klaus Hofmann notes that in the movement in Italian style, the theme is "subjected to intensive thematic working-out in the dialogue between solo instrument and orchestra".

### 2

The first aria in da capo form, "**Geist und Seele wird verwirret**" (Spirit and soul become confused), is characterized by a broken ritornello and a sense of confusion and uncertainty. The rhythm is siciliano, a frequent feature in slow concerto movements by Bach and others. Hofmann concludes from many corrections in Bach's autograph that the aria is a new composition. He sees the "agility of the organ part which does not follow the siciliano pattern" as an image of the "confusion" mentioned in the text.

### 3

A secco recitative, "**Ich wundre mich**" (I am amazed), expresses awe at the creation, rendered in the first person which according to Mincham underlines the cantata's "personal and individual emphasis". Beginning in a major mode which contrasts with the preceding aria, it turns to "the solemnity of the minor mode".

### 4

An aria with obbligato organ, "**Gott hat alles wohlgemacht**" (God has made everything well), is the first movement in a major mode, expressing pleasure with God's creation. It has a dominating two-part ritornello. Hofmann observes that the organ, this time the only partner of the voice, is "rich in coloratura" and has a theme, "heard throughout the movement, sometimes in the manner of an ostinato, sometimes freely developed; in its figuration and motoric drive it is stylized just like Bach’s writing for the violoncello piccolo". Gardiner notes that not only the tessitura but also "characteristic string-crossing patterns" are reminiscent of violoncello piccolo use.

### 5

Part 2 begins with another sinfonia, this time in binary form. Hofmann describes it as "an engaging perpetuum mobile introduced by the keyboard". It may be based on the final movement of a concerto. The organ interacts with the orchestra without a prelude, which is unusual in Bach's concertos, but not without precedent, such as the harpsichord concerto in F major, BWV 1057

### 6

Another secco recitative, "**Ach, starker Gott, laß mich**" (Ah, powerful God, let me \[think upon this continually\]), is a prayer for the ability to always reflect on the miracle of creation. It quotes Jesus saying "Hephata" (Be opened) to the deaf mute man, and turns it to "the believer's heart would open up and his tongue would be loosened so that he might perceive and praise the divine miracles".

### 7

The cantata concludes with an aria with the complete orchestra, "**Ich wünsche nur bei Gott zu leben**" (I wish to live with God alone). It expresses the wish to dwell with God forever in a minuet of positive character. The movement again uses a two-part ritornello. When contrasting aspects of life on earth are mentioned, such as "jammerreichen Schmerzensjoch" (sorrowful yoke of pain) and "martervollen Leben" (tormented life), the music darkens to minor keys. The organ supplies triplet figures, which the voice also uses to express "ein fröhliches Halleluja" (a joyful hallelujah).

## Recordings

The table is based on the listing on the Bach Cantatas website. Ensembles playing period instruments in historically informed performance are marked by a green background.

| Title | Conductor / Ensemble | Soloists | Label | Year | Instr. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *J. S. Bach: Cantatas No. 42, No. 35* | Hermann ScherchenVienna Radio Symphony Orchestra | Maureen Forrester | Westminster / Baroque Music Club | 1964 (1964) |  |
| *J. S. Bach: Das Kantatenwerk – Sacred Cantatas Vol. 2* | Nikolaus HarnoncourtConcentus Musicus Wien | Paul Esswood | Teldec | 1974 (1974) | Period |
| *Die Bach Kantate Vol. 49* | Helmuth RillingBach-Collegium Stuttgart | Julia Hamari | Hänssler | 1984 (1984) |  |
| *Bach Kantaten BWV 35, BWV 169, BWV 49 (Sinfonia)* | Hartmut HaenchenKammerorchester Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach | Jochen Kowalski | Berlin Classics | 1994 (1994) | Period |
| *J. S. Bach: Cantates pour alto ...* | Philippe HerrewegheCollegium Vocale Gent | Andreas Scholl | Harmonia Mundi France | 1997 (1997) | Period |
| *Bach Edition Vol. 8 – Cantatas Vol. 3* | Pieter Jan LeusinkNetherlands Bach Collegium | Sytse Buwalda | Brilliant Classics | 1999 (1999) | Period |
| *Bach Cantatas Vol. 6: Köthen/Frankfurt* | John Eliot GardinerEnglish Baroque Soloists | Robin Tyson | Soli Deo Gloria | 2000 (2000) | Period |
| *J. S. Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 17* | Ton KoopmanAmsterdam Baroque Orchestra | Nathalie Stutzmann | Antoine Marchand | 2001 (2001) | Period |
| *J. S. Bach: Cantatas for the Complete Liturgical Year Vol. 5* | Sigiswald KuijkenLa Petite Bande | Petra Noskaiová | Accent | 2006 (2006) | Period |
| *J.S. Bach: Cantatas Vol. 37 – Leipzig Cantatas* | Masaaki SuzukiBach Collegium Japan | Robin Blaze | BIS | 2006 (2006) | Period |

## InfoBox

| *Geist und Seele wird verwirret* | |
| --- | --- |
| BWV 35 | |
| Solo church cantata by J. S. Bach | |
| Georg Christian Lehms, author of the text | |
| Occasion | Twelfth Sunday after Trinity |
| Performed | 8 September 1726 (1726-09-08):  Leipzig |
| Movements | seven, in two parts |
| Vocal | alto |
| Instrumental | * oboes * taille * organ * strings * continuo |


abstract: The Science and Technology Center in Ukraine commonly known as the STCU, is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to the non-proliferation of nuclear, biological and chemical weaponry and related technologies. It was established in 1993, through an international multilateral treaty to help scientists and researches involved in the research, development and production of nuclear, biological and chemical assets in former Soviet member states to transition from military to civilian, market oriented careers in their fields of expertise. The STCU was established and continues to receive its funding from Canada, Sweden and the United States to provide grants and funding for projects which employ these scientists and engineers.

text:
# Science and Technology Center in Ukraine

**The Science and Technology Center in Ukraine** commonly known as the **STCU**, is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to the non-proliferation of nuclear, biological and chemical weaponry and related technologies. It was established in 1993, through an international multilateral treaty to help scientists and researches involved in the research, development and production of nuclear, biological and chemical assets in former Soviet member states to transition from military to civilian, market oriented careers in their fields of expertise. The STCU was established and continues to receive its funding from Canada, Sweden (later the European Union) and the United States to provide grants and funding for projects which employ these scientists and engineers.

## Background

By 1984 close to a quarter of the Soviet Unions Gross National Product had been allocated for defense spending. The former Soviet Union conducted research, development and deployed nuclear, biological and chemical weaponry and had employed several thousand scientists, physicists and engineers with expertise in these areas. The collapse of the Soviet Union lead to the unemployment of many of these scientists and engineers while others had not received payments for their employment. The West believed that the dissemination of expert knowledge in these areas or the employment of these researchers and developers of these military assets by unfriendly nations or terror networks would lead to the proliferation of nuclear, biological and chemical weaponry. Also there were doubts about proper and secure storage of dangerous biological material and other substances in remote labs.

Therefore the western countries provided funding grants to keep these researchers and developers employed on civilian oriented projects thus preventing them from selling their services or expertise to enemy nation states or organizations. Canada, the European Union and the United States funded these projects by establishing organizations and foundations through which funds and grants were provided to projects which employed these scientists and engineers.

## Member Nations

The original donor member nations were Canada, Sweden and the United States. In 1997, the original treaty was amended to include the European Union supplanting Sweden's membership in the organization.

Japan

### Donor Nations

Canada
Sweden1993-1997
European Union1997 onward
United States

### Recipient Nations

Azerbaijan
Georgia
Ukraine
Uzbekistan

* Nunn-Lugar Act and the Cooperative Threat Reduction program
* International Science and Technology Center (ISTC)

* Foster, George (2006), "Focus on Bioterrorism", *books.google.co.uk*, ISBN 978-1-60021-185-0, retrieved 24 July 2011
* Allison, Graham (1996). *Avoiding Nuclear Anarchy: Containing the Threat of Loose Russian Nuclear Weapons and Fissile Material*. MIT Press. pp. 90–91. ISBN 978-0-262-51088-2. Retrieved 24 July 2011  via Internet Archive.


title: Butler group

abstract: In mathematics, a Butler group is a group that is the image of a completely decomposable abelian group of finite rank. They were introduced by M. C. R. Butler (1965).

text:
# Butler group

In mathematics, a **Butler group** is a group that is the image of a completely decomposable abelian group of finite rank. They were introduced by M. C. R. Butler (1965).

* Butler, M. C. R. (1965), "A class of torsion-free abelian groups of finite rank", *Proc. London Math. Soc.*, Series 3, **15**: 680–698, doi:10.1112/plms/s3-15.1.680, MR 0218446
* Fuchs, L. (2001) \[1994\], "Butler group", *Encyclopedia of Mathematics*, EMS Press