title: Relatos macabrones

abstract: Relatos macabrones is a Mexican sketch comedy series that premiered on Las Estrellas on 31 August 2020. It stars Freddy Ortega and Germán Ortega. Production of the series began on 15 June 2020. Each episode is composed of three sketches that revolve around horror stories, with a dose of humor told by Frank and Igor. The seventh season premiered on 6 October 2023.

text:
# Relatos macabrones

***Relatos macabrones*** is a Mexican sketch comedy series that premiered on Las Estrellas on 31 August 2020. It stars Freddy Ortega and Germán Ortega. Production of the series began on 15 June 2020. Each episode is composed of three sketches that revolve around horror stories, with a dose of humor told by Frank and Igor.

The seventh season premiered on 6 October 2023.

## Cast

### Main

* Freddy Ortega as Frank
* Germán Ortega as Igor

### Recurring

* Melissa Ortega
* Marcos Radosh
* Lenny Zundel
* Claudio Herrera as Cuico
* Jocelin Zuckerman
* Nora Velázquez

## Episodes

### Series overview

| Series | Episodes | | Originally aired | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | First aired | Last aired |
|  | 16 | | 31 August 2020 (2020-08-31) | 13 November 2020 (2020-11-13) |
|  | 12 | | 16 April 2021 (2021-04-16) | 2 July 2021 (2021-07-02) |
|  | 20 | | 1 October 2021 (2021-10-01) | 22 April 2022 (2022-04-22) |
|  | 12 | | 29 April 2022 (2022-04-29) | 22 July 2022 (2022-07-22) |
|  | 12 | | 14 October 2022 (2022-10-14) | 30 December 2022 (2022-12-30) |
|  | 12 | | 21 April 2023 (2023-04-21) | 7 July 2023 (2023-07-07) |
|  | TBA | | 6 October 2023 (2023-10-06) | TBA |

### Season 1 (2020)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 | "El hipnotizador, el mismo vestido y el Godín" | 31 August 2020 (2020-08-31) |
| Frank and Igor meet again after many years and they tell three stories: A hypnotist uses his gifts for his own benefit; a very special dress can be a tragedy; the life of an office worker. | | | | |
| 2 | 2 | "La Llorona maldita, el Sancho y Glu Glu Demon" | 4 September 2020 (2020-09-04) |
| Everyone has heard the story of La Llorona, but now she is a professional; The Sancho and Glu Glu Demon have a very special enemy. | | | | |
| 3 | 3 | "Las cocineras, el robot, la torre de control y el insomnio" | 7 September 2020 (2020-09-07) |
| Jitomata and Perejila cook in this episode, where excess technology in a restaurant can be fatal as well as following the indications of a cursed control tower. | | | | |
| 4 | 4 | "Terapia de conversión, El Abominable hombre de las nieves y La Nana Macabrona" | 11 September 2020 (2020-09-11) |
| A father wants to transform his son; snows that cause a strange effect; a lullaby of terror. | | | | |
| 5 | 5 | "Quesadilla de la calle del infierno, el noticiero y el proyecto influencer" | 14 September 2020 (2020-09-14) |
| A lady offers garnachas of strange origin at her stand; a macabre newscast makes a viewer believe that karma exists; a daring influencer shows the most absurd challenges. | | | | |
| 6 | 6 | "El limosnero, El médium y El necio Macabrón" | 18 September 2020 (2020-09-18) |
| Lisset faces a beggar and a medium; Arath de la Torre meets the boy who sold plums. | | | | |
| 7 | 7 | "El Exorcista, la casa embrujada tóxica y el Jalo Jalo" | 21 September 2020 (2020-09-21) |
| Lisardo participates in a parody of the Exorcist and meets a man who cannot say no; Sussy Lu lives spooky experiences in a haunted house. | | | | |
| 8 | 8 | "El Baño, La Sabrosa y El Pollito asesino Macabrones" | 25 September 2020 (2020-09-25) |
| Aylín Mujica is a woman that everyone wants to be with; a unique murderer, and even a macabre burial. | | | | |
| 9 | 9 | "El Interrogatorio, la telenovela y el enmascarado" | 28 September 2020 (2020-09-28) |
| A clever suspect who uses memes to evade justice is interrogated; A parody of Mexican soap operas in the style of Mascabrothers with Erika Buenfil. | | | | |
| 10 | 10 | "El Pasillo, El Mago, Los Pendientes Secretos X y La Pedida de Mano Macabrones" | 2 October 2020 (2020-10-02) |
| Alfredo Adame becomes Carlos Tejo, El Panzafantasmas; meet ‘Mago-Sero’; a Martian has contact with an Earthling; and Lorena Velázquez and Carmen Salinas are macabre consuegras. | | | | |
| 11 | 11 | "El Cuento de hadas, Jack ‘El Depilador’ y la Exnovia Macabrona" | 9 October 2020 (2020-10-09) |
| A princess gets left behind; a ghoulish hair remover; an ex-girlfriend with almost no grudges. | | | | |
| 12 | 12 | "El engaño, el negrote de whatsapp y el vampiro standupero" | 16 October 2020 (2020-10-16) |
| A whatsapp message complicates Fulgencio's wedding night and a vampire appears every night to do standup comedy. | | | | |
| 13 | 13 | "El arca de Fermín, el secuestro y los zapatos verdes" | 23 October 2020 (2020-10-23) |
| Fermín builds an ark for the flood; Carlos Espejel tries to save Rosales from a kidnapping and a man wearing macabre green shoes that his wife gave him. | | | | |
| 14 | 14 | "Micro machismo, la cadena de internet y el cumpleaños" | 30 October 2020 (2020-10-30) |
| Sergio Basáñez participates in the story of a woman who detects micro machisms; a macabre internet chain; a girl discovers that she is a witch on her birthday. | | | | |
| 15 | 15 | "La conferencia de prensa, el tatuador, fiestas patrias y el esquizofrénico" | 6 November 2020 (2020-11-06) |
| A lecturer who the press will not even talk about; a tattoo artist ruins the back of a client; a foreigner celebrates on September 15; a macabre schizophrenic. | | | | |
| 16 | 16 | "La chancla, la novia y El Día de las madres macabrón" | 13 November 2020 (2020-11-13) |
| Wendy Braga will have to deal with a flip-flop possessed by her mother-in-law; Carmen Salinas becomes Raquel Pankowsky's daughter-in-law; a woman will have the worst Mother's Day. | | | | |

### Season 2 (2021)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 17 | 1 | "El hombre lobo de Ecatepec, El Esquizofrénico y La conferencia de prensa macabrones" | 16 April 2021 (2021-04-16) |
| Lambda García and Alfredo Adame guest star in terrifying sketches related to cinema. | | | | |
| 18 | 2 | "La Llamada telefónica, El Buleado y El muñeco de ventrílocuo macabrones" | 23 April 2021 (2021-04-23) |
| Lisset, Lisardo and El Cibernético participate in the first Macabrones story of the episode. | | | | |
| 19 | 3 | "Cena de Año Nuevo, Un Deseo y Los Mirreyes Magos macabrones" | 30 April 2021 (2021-04-30) |
| Alexis Ayala and Fernanda López participate in one of the sketches related to pastorelas, trends and the New Year. | | | | |
| 20 | 4 | "Los Celos, El Médium y El Hipnotizador Alcohólico macabrones" | 7 May 2021 (2021-05-07) |
| Ninel Conde participates in these skits that talk about spirits that instead of heaven, go to hell. | | | | |
| 21 | 5 | "La Pareja que se complementa, El Infiel y El Goyo macabrones" | 14 May 2021 (2021-05-14) |
| Estefano's new love hides something from him that will make him lose more than his heart; an unfaithful man tries to change for his wife; an old woman is shocked by hiring Goyo's services. | | | | |
| 22 | 6 | "La ofrenda, El Experimento y El Charro negro que se vestía de blanco macabrones" | 21 May 2021 (2021-05-21) |
| Lourdes Munguía prepares an offering for her husband; for the first time Frank and Igor have their own story; Kalimba makes his comedy debut. | | | | |
| 23 | 7 | "Cuchi Flex, Coolonymus y El secuestro aéreo macabrón" | 28 May 2021 (2021-05-28) |
| The Macabrothers will make an excellent recommendation for a kitchen; a group of hackers will make shocking revelations; Luis Fernando Peña will suffer the hijacking of a plane. | | | | |
| 24 | 8 | "La Engañadora, La Entrevista de trabajo y La niña que tenía un monstruo en su racámara macabrones" | 4 June 2021 (2021-06-04) |
| A man gets the job of his dreams after a macabre interview, he meets the macabre monster that lives in the bedroom of a sweet girl. | | | | |
| 25 | 9 | "El Hipnotizador que pidió prestado, El asalto y El necio macabrones" | 11 June 2021 (2021-06-11) |
| The hypnotist Nico Tina uses his gifts to run a business at the bank; a supermarket is robbed by some naive criminals; a sick man seeks to enter a store. | | | | |
| 26 | 10 | "Los Cuernos y Fermín y Eva macabrones" | 18 June 2021 (2021-06-18) |
| Dorismar becomes an unfaithful wife, while Wendy Braga plays Eva in a skit. | | | | |
| 27 | 11 | "Quítale la chamba a Frank" | 25 June 2021 (2021-06-25) |
| Igor and El Cuico do casting to find Frank's replacement by telling new stories. | | | | |
| 28 | 12 | "Confesiones que sorprenden" | 2 July 2021 (2021-07-02) |
| El Cuico and El Bisco finally meet and Frank will tell them three different stories. | | | | |

### Season 3 (2021–22)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 29 | 1 | "La terapia de pareja, Las cajeras del súper y Las risas grabadas macabrones" | 1 October 2021 (2021-10-01) |
| 30 | 2 | "El quirófano, El secuestro y El heladero que ahora vende paletas macabrones" | 8 October 2021 (2021-10-08) |
| 31 | 3 | "El árbol de la sabiduría, El mini super y El hombre que veía al covid macabrones" | 15 October 2021 (2021-10-15) |
| 32 | 4 | "El ratón de los dientes y El precio de la historia diabólico macabrones" | 22 October 2021 (2021-10-22) |
| 33 | 5 | "El esquizofránico y El necio macabrones" | 29 October 2021 (2021-10-29) |
| 34 | 6 | "Igor es reemplazado" | 5 November 2021 (2021-11-05) |
| 35 | 7 | "El cafecito macabrón" | 12 November 2021 (2021-11-12) |
| 36 | 8 | "El karma y Fermín" | 19 November 2021 (2021-11-19) |
| 37 | 9 | "El árbol de Navidad macabrón" | 26 November 2021 (2021-11-26) |
| 38 | 10 | "El club de los infieles y Manuela 69" | 3 December 2021 (2021-12-03) |
| 39 | 11 | "Cepill IT y El Huesón macabrón" | 10 December 2021 (2021-12-10) |
| 40 | 12 | "El hospital macabrón y El hombre manos de papel" | 17 December 2021 (2021-12-17) |
| 41 | 13 | "El jorobado de la ópera, el asalto macabrón, y la cita a ciegas en el metro" | 25 March 2022 (2022-03-25) |
| 42 | 14 | "El nigromante de la tele" | 1 April 2022 (2022-04-01) |
| 43 | 15 | "Las clases en línea y el necio macabrón" | 4 April 2022 (2022-04-04) |
| 44 | 16 | "Calcetinflex, una maravilla" | 8 April 2022 (2022-04-08) |
| 45 | 17 | "El Canicas macabrón" | 11 April 2022 (2022-04-11) |
| 46 | 18 | "La confusión macabrona" | 15 April 2022 (2022-04-15) |
| 47 | 19 | "El amor con Bimbolo Bimbolo" | 18 April 2022 (2022-04-18) |
| 48 | 20 | "Home office y Mago Cero macabrón" | 22 April 2022 (2022-04-22) |

### Season 4 (2022)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 49 | 1 | "El cementerio de las estatuas fallidas" | 29 April 2022 (2022-04-29) |
| 50 | 2 | "La burocracia macabrona" | 6 May 2022 (2022-05-06) |
| 51 | 3 | "Cuico está deprimido" | 13 May 2022 (2022-05-13) |
| 52 | 4 | "Párale mi cuate" | 20 May 2022 (2022-05-20) |
| 53 | 5 | "Los infomerciales macabrones" | 27 May 2022 (2022-05-27) |
| 54 | 6 | "El multiverso macabrón" | 3 June 2022 (2022-06-03) |
| 55 | 7 | "Hermanos macabrones" | 10 June 2022 (2022-06-10) |
| 56 | 8 | "El Doctor Jekill y Míster Haibol" | 17 June 2022 (2022-06-17) |
| 57 | 9 | "La estación de policía macabrona" | 24 June 2022 (2022-06-24) |
| 58 | 10 | "El impuntual, los halcones y los muñecos de ventrílocuo macabrones" | 8 July 2022 (2022-07-08) |
| 59 | 11 | "El primer viaje mexicano a la luna macabrón" | 15 July 2022 (2022-07-15) |
| 60 | 12 | "Cine de oro mexicano macabrón" | 22 July 2022 (2022-07-22) |

### Season 5 (2022)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 61 | 1 | "La historia real de terror macabrona" | 14 October 2022 (2022-10-14) |
| 62 | 2 | "Las apps macabronas" | 21 October 2022 (2022-10-21) |
| 63 | 3 | "La quesadillera del infierno 2" | 28 October 2022 (2022-10-28) |
| 64 | 4 | "De Relatos Macabrones para el mundo" | 4 November 2022 (2022-11-04) |
| 65 | 5 | "La Boda macabrona" | 11 November 2022 (2022-11-11) |
| 66 | 6 | "Consejos de fútbol de la Chatis Rivadeneyra" | 18 November 2022 (2022-11-18) |
| 67 | 7 | "Lento y tranquilo o Rápido y jarioso" | 25 November 2022 (2022-11-25) |
| 68 | 8 | "El museo de la infamia" | 2 December 2022 (2022-12-02) |
| 69 | 9 | "Realities macabrones" | 9 December 2022 (2022-12-09) |
| 70 | 10 | "Las jugadoras de pokar macabronas" | 16 December 2022 (2022-12-16) |
| 71 | 11 | "Motivaciones macabronas" | 23 December 2022 (2022-12-23) |
| 72 | 12 | "Los hermanos macabrones" | 30 December 2022 (2022-12-30) |

### Season 6 (2023)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 73 | 1 | "Igor no paga impuestos y embargan 'Relatos Macabrones'" | 21 April 2023 (2023-04-21) |
| 74 | 2 | "Igor busca a su mamá, mascotas macabronas y jaiboles" | 28 April 2023 (2023-04-28) |
| 75 | 3 | "Maestros karatecas macabrones" | 5 May 2023 (2023-05-05) |
| 76 | 4 | "El diván de los monstruos y el clóset macabrón" | 12 May 2023 (2023-05-12) |
| 77 | 5 | "La máquina del tiempo macabrona" | 19 May 2023 (2023-05-19) |
| 78 | 6 | "El Quijote que se mancha macabrón" | 26 May 2023 (2023-05-26) |
| 79 | 7 | "El Godín y el productor de tragedias" | 2 June 2023 (2023-06-02) |
| 80 | 8 | "La Grafóloga macabrona" | 9 June 2023 (2023-06-09) |
| 81 | 9 | "El coach macabrón de contenidos modernos" | 16 June 2023 (2023-06-16) |
| 82 | 10 | "El repartidor de comedia macabrón" | 23 June 2023 (2023-06-23) |
| 83 | 11 | "La productora de cine macabrón" | 30 June 2023 (2023-06-30) |
| 84 | 12 | "Igor encuentra a Inga, su madre" | 7 July 2023 (2023-07-07) |

### Season 7 (2023)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 85 | 1 | "¡Feliz Año Nuevo!" | 6 October 2023 (2023-10-06) |
| 86 | 2 | "¡Vuela alto, amigo!" | 13 October 2023 (2023-10-13) |
| 87 | 3 | "¿Dónde está El Cuico?" | 20 October 2023 (2023-10-20) |
| 88 | 4 | "En pro de la ciencia" | 27 October 2023 (2023-10-27) |
| 89 | 5 | "Las historias más fumadas de Halloween" | 3 November 2023 (2023-11-03) |
| 90 | 6 | "¡Viva la quinceañera!" | 10 November 2023 (2023-11-10) |
| 91 | 7 | "Miren al cielo" | 17 November 2023 (2023-11-17) |
| 92 | 8 | "Mi casa es su casa" | 24 November 2023 (2023-11-24) |
| 93 | 9 | "Frank está inspirado" | 1 December 2023 (2023-12-01) |
| 94 | 10 | "Jean Paul está enamorado" | 8 December 2023 (2023-12-08) |
| 95 | 11 | "La mano de dios" | 22 December 2023 (2023-12-22) |
| 96 | 12 | "Duérmete, mi niño" | 29 December 2023 (2023-12-29) |

## InfoBox

| *Relatos macabrones* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre | Sketch comedy |
| Created by | * Freddy Ortega * Germán Ortega |
| Directed by | * Freddy Ortega * Germán Ortega |
| Starring | * Freddy Ortega * Germán Ortega |
| Country of origin | Mexico |
| Original language | Spanish |
| No. of seasons | 7 |
| No. of episodes | 96 (list of episodes) |
| Production | |
| Executive producers | * Charlie Sánchez * Freddy Ortega * Nazareno Pérez Brancatto |
| Producer | Ricardo Ferrer |
| Production company | TelevisaUnivision |
| Original release | |
| Network | Las Estrellas |
| Release | 31 August 2020 (2020-08-31)
present (present) |


title: Cayuse people

abstract: The Cayuse are a Native American tribe in what is now the state of Oregon in the United States. The Cayuse tribe shares a reservation and government in northeastern Oregon with the Umatilla and the Walla Walla tribes as part of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. The reservation is located near Pendleton, Oregon, at the base of the Blue Mountains. The Cayuse called themselves the Liksiyu in the Cayuse language. Originally located in present-day northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington, they lived adjacent to territory occupied by the Nez Perce and had close associations with them. Like the Plains tribes, the Cayuse placed a high premium on warfare and were skilled horsemen. They developed the Cayuse pony. The Cayuse ceded most of their traditional territory to the United States in 1855 by treaty and moved to the Umatilla Reservation, where they have formed a confederated tribe.

text:
# Cayuse people

The **Cayuse** are a Native American tribe in what is now the state of Oregon in the United States. The Cayuse tribe shares a reservation and government in northeastern Oregon with the Umatilla and the Walla Walla tribes as part of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. The reservation is located near Pendleton, Oregon, at the base of the Blue Mountains.

The Cayuse called themselves the ***Liksiyu*** in the Cayuse language. Originally located in present-day northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington, they lived adjacent to territory occupied by the Nez Perce and had close associations with them. Like the Plains tribes, the Cayuse placed a high premium on warfare and were skilled horsemen. They developed the Cayuse pony. The Cayuse ceded most of their traditional territory to the United States in 1855 by treaty and moved to the Umatilla Reservation, where they have formed a confederated tribe.

## History

According to Haruo Aoki (1998), the Cayuse called themselves *Liksiyu* in their language. Their name *Cayuse* was derived from the French word "cailloux," meaning stones or rocks, adopted by early French Canadian trappers of the area. The name may have referred to the rocky area the tribe inhabited, or it may have been an imprecise rendering of the name they called themselves. The tribe has been closely associated with the neighboring Nez Percé and Walla Walla. The Cayuse language is an isolate, independent of the neighboring Sahaptin-speaking peoples. The Cayuse population was about 500 in the eighteenth century.

The Cayuse were a seminomadic tribe and maintained summer and winter villages on the Snake, Tucannon, Walla Walla, and Touchet rivers in Washington, and along the Umatilla, Grand Ronde, Burnt, Powder, John Day River, and from the Blue Mountains to the Deschutes River in Oregon. Historian Verne Ray has identified seventy-six traditional Cayuse Village sites, most temporary, seasonal sites; five separate villages in the Walla Walla Valley and seven Cayuse Bands scattered throughout Eastern Oregon and Washington. The Walla Walla River Cayuse Band was called the *Pa'cxapu*. Other sources name only three distinct regional bands within the Cayuse at the time: two centered on the Umatilla River, and the third on the Walla Walla River.

The Cayuse were known for their bravery, and as horsemen. They bred their ponies for speed and endurance, developing what is now called the Cayuse horse. No longer restricted to what they could carry or what their dogs could pull, they moved into new areas, traveling as far east as the Great Plains and as far south as California, to hunt, trade, fight, and capture slaves. Meanwhile, their herds multiplied rapidly, a combination of skillful breeding and periodic raids on other tribes. By the early 1800s, a Cayuse who owned only 15 to 20 horses was considered poor; wealthy families controlled 2,000 or more. Horses improved the range and effectiveness of war parties, making it possible for Cayuses to dominate their sedentary neighbors on the Columbia. They claimed ownership of The Dalles, the great fishery and trade emporium of the Columbia, forcing the weaker bands in that area to pay them tribute in the form of salmon and other goods. They frequently were in conflict fighting with Piute, Shoshone, and Bannock Tribes to the south and east referred to as the Snake people and other tribes such as the Blackfeet over territory and hunting sites.

As white settlers moved into their territory in large numbers following the opening of the Oregon Trail in 1842, the Cayuse suffered. Even settlers passing through competed with them for game and water. Crowds of whites invaded the region during the California gold rush beginning in 1848 and when gold was discovered in Eastern Oregon in 1862.

The tribe gained wide notoriety in the early days of the white settlement of the territory. In 1838, Marcus Whitman and his wife Narcissa established a mission among the Cayuse at *Waiilatpu* ("Place of the Rye Grass"), a site about seven miles from the present-day city of Walla Walla and about a quarter mile east of where the Cayuse *Pásxa* winter village was located. In 1847, a measles epidemic, suspected by some to be contracted from white settlers, resulted in high fatalities among the tribe. A small group of Cayuse, after putting Witmans medicine to the test with both sick and non sick individuals, and which all test individuals died, believed the missionaries were deliberately poisoning their native people, since a much higher percentage of the natives were dying from the measles than were the whites. In addition, cultural differences and settler encroachment had caused growing tensions.

The Cayuse attacked the missionaries, killing Whitman and his wife Narcissa, and eleven others. They captured 54 European-American women and children and held them for ransom. They destroyed the mission buildings. This attack prompted an armed response by the United States and the Cayuse War ensued. Five Cayuse warriors were hanged; see Cayuse Five.

The Cayuse put the captives to work together with their members; the adults made clothing for the tribe. They released the hostages after the Hudson's Bay Company brokered an exchange of 62 blankets, 63 cotton shirts, 12 Hudson Bay rifles, 600 loads of ammunition, 7 pounds of tobacco and 12 flints for the return of the now 49 surviving prisoners. The Cayuse and many from other nearby tribes such as the Walla Walla Tribe were hunted down by Militias and massacred. The Cayuse eventually lost the war. They were forced to cede their land to the US and shared a reservation with the Umatilla and Walla Walla.

By 1851, the Cayuse had long intermarried with the neighboring Nez Percé, with whom they had sheltered; many learned their language. Kathleen Gordon, a Tribal member of the Confederate Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, was a Cayuse/Nez Pierce Language instructor who spoke and taught the Nez Pierce language, but also knew small amounts of the Original Cayuse Language that is now extinct.

In 1855, the Cayuse joined the Treaty of Walla Walla with the Umatilla and Walla Walla by which the Umatilla Indian Reservation was formed. Since that time, they have officially resided within the reservation's limits. During the mid-twentieth century, some members moved to cities under the Indian Relocation Act of 1956, an effort to give better access for contemporary jobs.

Their number was officially reported as 404 in 1904; this number may be misleading. A count in 1902 found one pure-blooded Cayuse on the reservation. Descendants with ancestry partially of the other tribes may still have identified as Cayuse. The Cayuse language is believed to have become extinct by then. As the members of the three tribes have intermarried, they no longer keep separate population numbers.

## Lifestyle

The Cayuse Indians were located in the Columbia Basin and were nomadic, sometimes moving on a daily basis. They lived in teepees, which many nomadic tribes used for portability. The Cayuse were skilled horsemen, and used horses in hunting. They also used them for their trip over the Rocky Mountains each year to hunt a supply of buffalo to bring back for their families. The men hunted game and fished salmon. The women gathered and picked berries and dug and processed roots. The women also processed the animal skins to make materials for shelter and clothing. The men considered bravery to be an important quality, with brave warriors being held in high esteem. The strongest would be made chief.

## Language

The Cayuse language is a language isolate and has been extinct since the 1930s. Weyíiletpuu was a dialect of the Nez Perce language spoken by the Cayuse inhabitants of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. It has not been used since the 1940s and is designated as extinct.

## Cuisine

One of the Cayuse's main food sources was salmon from the Columbia River. Along with trout and lamprey, they also hunted elk and deer, as well as small game such as rabbits and fowl. Most significantly, women gathered camas roots, bitter roots, basket roots, wild celery, huckleberries and choke cherries, processing them for cooked and dried foods for their survival. They also gathered bark, leaves, flowers, and roots for making medicine.

## Notable Cayuse

* Tawatoy (known as Young Chief), Head Chief, uncle and predecessor of the next Young Chief (*Weatenatemany*), was a well-known leader and warrior
* Weatenatemany (also known as Young Chief, c.18??–1859), Head Chief, nephew of Tawatoy, became the new Young Chief in October 1853, leader of the more conciliatory faction of the Cayuse, killed in a skirmish with the Snake during the summer of 1859.
* Five Crows (also known as *Achekaia* or *Hezekiah*), brother and first successor of Tauitau, and leader of the hostile Cayuse, principal rival to Tauitau's son Young Chief (Weatenatemany) for the role of Head Chief.

## Footnotes

## Further reading

* Robert H. Ruby and John A. Brown, *The Cayuse Indians: Imperial Tribesmen Of Old Oregon.* Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1972.
* Clifford E. Trafzer, *Yakima, Palouse, Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Wanapum Indians*, Scarecrow Press, 1992

## InfoBox

Cayuse
| The Cayuse Tribe land area | |
| --- | --- |
| Total population | |
| 2010: 304 alone and in combination | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Washington, Oregon | |
| Languages | |
| English, Cayuse (extinct) | |
| Religion | |
| Animism, Christianity | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Umatilla, Walla Walla, Nez Perce | |


title: 125th Weather Flight

abstract: The United States Air Force's 125th Weather Flight is a combat weather team located at Tinker AFB in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

text:
# 125th Weather Flight

The United States Air Force's **125th Weather Flight** (**125th WF**) is a combat weather team located at Tinker AFB in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

## Mission

The mission of the 125th WF is to provide strategic meteorological information within an adequate amount of time, after given appropriate notice of changing meteorological elements. Being a combat team, the team's mission also includes five additional primary missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, special reconnaissance, direct action, and counter-terrorism. Although not specifically a part of the Special Operations Force (SOF) of the United States Army, the 125th Weather Flight does directly support it.

## Assignments

### Major Command

## Bases stationed

## Decorations

## InfoBox

| 125th Weather Flight | |
| --- | --- |
| Weather Emblem | |
| Active | 1957 – present |
| Country | United States |
| Branch | United States Air Force |
| Role | Battlefield Meteorological Control |
| Size | 11 |
| Part of | Air Combat Command |
| Garrison/HQ | Tinker AFB, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |
| Nickname(s) | The Fightn' Twisters |
| Patron | Saint Amandus |
| Commanders | |
| Current<br>commander | Major Devon Lynch |


title: The Hiding of Black Bill

abstract: The Hiding of Black Bill was a 1918 American silent short film directed by David Smith, distributed by General Film Company. It is based on a story by O. Henry. It is currently classified as a lost film.

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# The Hiding of Black Bill

***The Hiding of Black Bill*** was a 1918 American silent short film directed by David Smith, distributed by General Film Company. It is based on a story by O. Henry. It is currently classified as a lost film.

## Cast

* Walter Rogers as W.L. Rogers - a hobo
* Chet Ryan - Henry Ogden

## InfoBox

| The Hiding of Black Bill | |
| --- | --- |
| Film advertisement | |
| Directed by | David Smith |
| Written by | F. R. Buckley as F.H. Buckley (scenario) |
| Based on | O. Henry |
| Starring | Walter Rogers as W.L. Rogers |
| Distributed by | General Film Company |
| Release date | * 1918 (1918) (United States) |
| Running time | 2 reels |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: David Morgan (psychoanalyst)

abstract: David Howell Morgan is a psychoanalyst and consultant psychotherapist who has worked at the Portman Clinic London and Tavistock and Portman NHS Trust for 25 years.

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# David Morgan (psychoanalyst)

**David Howell Morgan** (BAHons Msc.Clin.Psych. FBPAS FPBPA SMBPF. Training Analyst Supervisor IPA. AMBPS. MBPC) is a psychoanalyst and consultant psychotherapist who has worked at the Portman Clinic London and Tavistock and Portman NHS Trust for 25 years.

## Publications/contributions

Morgan's writing, as with his political and social contributions, tends to focus on the intersection between psychoanalysis and the political, social. He has also written on Pat Barker, Jorge Luis Borges, and repeatedly on the works of Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein and Donald Winnicott. His co-edited volume *Lectures on Violence, Perversion and Delinquency. The Portman Papers Series* deals extensively with the role of violence in patients at the Portman Clinic.

### Books

* Morgan, David (2005) co ed Stan Ruszczynski "Lectures on 'Violence, Perversion and Delinquency'". The Portman Papers Series
* Morgan, David (2019) "The Unconscious in Social and Political Life". Edited. Phoenix. Firing the Mind.
* Morgan, David (2020) "A Deeper Cut. Further Explorations of the Unconscious in Social and Political Life". Phoenix. Firing the Mind

## Multi-media

Morgan has contributed to public debate and hosts discussions with leading academics in the political, social, and psychoanalytic fields, on his radio show "Frontier Psychoanalyst". Along with the recurring radio show, Morgan has made many television appearances and frequently appears as a discussant on BBC Radio. Morgan also appeared in a documentary called "Married to the Eiffel Tower" investigating the psychological condition objectum sexuality. The documentary investigates the famous case of Erika Eiffel.

## Conferences

Morgan has hosted, spoken at, and arranged many conferences, seminars and lectures, both nationally and internationally. In January 2017 Morgan delivered the prestigious Bob Gosling memorial lecture in Bristol. He has also spoken at the Acropolis, Athens, Georgia, China, Poland, The Freud Memorial Lecture, Melbourne, Australia.


title: Seattle Pop Festival

abstract: The Seattle Pop Festival was a music festival held at Gold Creek Park in Woodinville, Washington from July 25 to July 27, 1969. The event was organized by Boyd Grafmyre.

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# Seattle Pop Festival

The **Seattle Pop Festival** was a music festival held at Gold Creek Park in Woodinville, Washington from July 25 to July 27, 1969. The event was organized by Boyd Grafmyre.

## Overview

The plan for Seattle Pop was to have 25 acts play over the course of three days at Gold Creek Park located at 16020 148th Ave NE. Promoter Boyd Grafmyre went to great lengths to make sure performers arrived. He chartered a helicopter to fly The Doors from Seattle’s airport and rented a Cadillac convertible for Chuck Berry.

Tickets for the event cost $6 for a day or $15 for all three days. An estimated 50,000-100,000 people attended the festival. Seattle Pop was one of the festivals to forgo hiring police or off-duty officers as security; instead, Grafmyre hired The Black Panthers to keep watch.

Because attendance was larger than expected, extra food and water needed to be brought into the venue. According to one source: "Sanitary facilities were inadequate, but every attempt was made to meet county requirements ..." Nearby neighbors complained of traffic and the hippie atmosphere, but Chick Dawsey, owner of Gold Creek, noted that spectators were orderly with very few exceptions."

## Performers

The Seattle Pop's line-up was a mix of established acts, native groups from the Pacific Northwest. Twenty-six musicians and groups performed at the festival. The Doors, Chuck Berry, The Byrds and The Ike & Tina Turner Revue were among the most highly-anticipated acts, but newcomers Led Zeppelin emerged as the highlight. "Sunday night was supposed to belong to The Doors but it was stolen right out from under them by the great English blues group, Led Zeppelin," wrote the *Seattle Post-Intelligencer*.

### List of performers

## InfoBox

| Seattle Pop Festival | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre | Rock, pop, jazz, soul, blues |
| Dates | July 25 to July 27, 1969 |
| Location(s) | Woodinville, Washington<br>United States |
| Years active | 1969 |
| Founders | Boyd Grafmyre |
| Attendance | 50,000-100,000 (est. for 3 days) |


title: Shamanewadi

abstract: Chikodi is a village in the southern state of Karnataka in Chikodi taluka, India. It is in the Chikodi taluk of Belgaum district in Karnataka.

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# Shamanewadi

**Chikodi**  is a village in the southern state of Karnataka in Chikodi taluka, India. It is in the Chikodi taluk of Belgaum district in Karnataka.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Shamanewadi had a population of 5,988 with 3,060 males and 2,928 females. More than 90% are from Jain community along with Lingaayats and other communities. Most of the people depend on agriculture, it consists of rich sugar belt, as farming is a major activity of the area. The main crops are sugar cane, tobacco, jawar, and soyabeans. Almost on the bank of river Dudhganga. There are some groups in the village like Gandhi Katti boys, Jai Karnataka Yuval mandal, Jai Hind group, they participate in social works/festival, etc.

Its schools of higher education include Ayurvedic College, BEd, DEd and Arts and Commerce colleges in Shantinagar area.

* Banks and Financial Societies
    + State Bank of India
    + The Ratnakar Bank
    + Jai Jinendra Co-Op Credit Souhard Ltd
    + Padmavati Minority Multipurpose Society
    + Parshwanath Co-Op Credit Souhard Ltd
    + Shamanewadi Co-Op Credit Souhard Ltd

## Transportation

* Road

Shamanewadi is well connected by road via the State Highway 97 Sankeshwar - Sadalga and Chikkodi - Ichalakaranji road. NWKRTC run buses from Chikodi, Nippani to Ichalkaranji (Maharashtra) and Sadalga stops at Shamanewadi. Rent on taxi and autos available here.

* Nearest Railway Station

Miraj

* Nearest Airport

Belagavi

## Places

### Temples

* Shri Ramlingeshwar Temple
* 1008 Chandraprabhu Digambar Jain Temple
* Beereshwar Temple
* Mallayya Temple
* Brahmanath Temple
* Yellamma Temple
* Margubai Temple
* Hanuman Temple
* Vekteshwar Temple
* Shamanameer Darga
* padmavati Temple
* Somanatah Temple

## InfoBox

| chikodi | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| chikodiLocation in Karnataka, Indiachikodichikodi (India) | |
| Coordinates: 16°32′25″N 74°29′51″E / 16.540346°N 74.497435°E / 16.540346; 74.497435 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Karnataka |
| District | Belgaum |
| Talukas | Chikodi |
| Population (2001) | |
| Total | 5,988 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Kannada |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 591201 |
| Telephone code | 08338 |
| Vehicle registration | KA 23 |
| Nearest city | Ichalakaranji |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Chikodi |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Chikodi-Sadalga |


title: Regny, Łódź Voivodeship

abstract: Regny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koluszki, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Koluszki and 32 km (20 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

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# Regny, Łódź Voivodeship

**Regny** \[ˈrɛɡnɨ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koluszki, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Koluszki and 32 km (20 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Regny | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Regny | |
| Coordinates: 51°42′N 19°54′E / 51.700°N 19.900°E / 51.700; 19.900 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Łódź East |
| Gmina | Koluszki |
| Population | 530 |


title: Cell survival curve

abstract: A cell survival curve is a curve used in radiobiology. It depicts the relationship between the fraction of cells retaining their reproductive integrity and the absorbed dose of radiation. Conventionally, the surviving fraction is depicted on a logarithmic scale, and is plotted on the y-axis against dose on the x-axis. The linear quadratic model is now most often used to describe the cell survival curve, assuming that there are two mechanisms to cell death by radiation: A single lethal event or an accumulation of harmful but non-lethal events. Cell survival fractions are exponential functions with a dose-dependent term in the exponent due to the Poisson statistics underlying the stochastic process. Whereas single lethal events lead to an exponent that is linearly related to dose, the survival fraction function for a two-stage mechanism carries an exponent proportional to the square of dose. The coefficients must be inferred from measured data, such as the Hiroshima Leukemia data. With higher orders being of lesser importance and the total survival fraction being the product of the two functions, the model is aptly called linear-quadratic.

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# Cell survival curve

A **cell survival curve** is a curve used in radiobiology. It depicts the relationship between the fraction of cells retaining their reproductive integrity and the absorbed dose of radiation. Conventionally, the surviving fraction is depicted on a logarithmic scale, and is plotted on the y-axis against dose on the x-axis.

The linear quadratic model is now most often used to describe the cell survival curve, assuming that there are two mechanisms to cell death by radiation: A single lethal event or an accumulation of harmful but non-lethal events. Cell survival fractions are exponential functions with a dose-dependent term in the exponent due to the Poisson statistics underlying the stochastic process. Whereas single lethal events lead to an exponent that is linearly related to dose, the survival fraction function for a two-stage mechanism carries an exponent proportional to the square of dose. The coefficients must be inferred from measured data, such as the Hiroshima Leukemia data. With higher orders being of lesser importance and the total survival fraction being the product of the two functions, the model is aptly called linear-quadratic.

* "Cell Survival Curves" (PDF). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 4, 2015.


title: 125th meridian west

abstract: The meridian 125° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 125th meridian west forms a great circle with the 55th meridian east.

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# 125th meridian west

125°class=notpageimage|125th meridian west

The **meridian 125° west of Greenwich** is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 125th meridian west forms a great circle with the 55th meridian east.

## From Pole to Pole

Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 125th meridian west passes through:

| Co-ordinates | Country, territory or sea | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 90°0′N 125°0′W / 90.000°N 125.000°W / 90.000; -125.000 (Arctic Ocean) | Arctic Ocean |  |
| 76°1′N 125°0′W / 76.017°N 125.000°W / 76.017; -125.000 (Beaufort Sea) | Beaufort Sea |  |
| 72°52′N 125°0′W / 72.867°N 125.000°W / 72.867; -125.000 (Canada) | Canada | Northwest TerritoriesBanks Island |
| 71°53′N 125°0′W / 71.883°N 125.000°W / 71.883; -125.000 (Amundsen Gulf) | Amundsen Gulf |  |
| 70°11′N 125°0′W / 70.183°N 125.000°W / 70.183; -125.000 (Canada) | Canada | Northwest Territories — passing through the Great Bear Lake
Yukon — from 60°51′N 125°0′W / 60.850°N 125.000°W / 60.850; -125.000 (Yukon)
British Columbia — from 60°0′N 125°0′W / 60.000°N 125.000°W / 60.000; -125.000 (British Columbia), the mainland, Raza Island and Cortes Island |
| 50°5′N 125°0′W / 50.083°N 125.000°W / 50.083; -125.000 (Strait of Georgia) | Strait of Georgia |  |
| 49°48′N 125°0′W / 49.800°N 125.000°W / 49.800; -125.000 (Canada) | Canada | British ColumbiaVancouver Island, through Courtenay |
| 48°42′N 125°0′W / 48.700°N 125.000°W / 48.700; -125.000 (Pacific Ocean) | Pacific Ocean | Passing just west of Cape Alava, Washington,  United States (at 48°10′N 124°44′W / 48.167°N 124.733°W / 48.167; -124.733 (Cape Alava))
Passing just west of Ducie Island,  Pitcairn Islands (at 24°41′S 124°47′W / 24.683°S 124.783°W / -24.683; -124.783 (Ducie Island)) |
| 60°0′S 125°0′W / 60.000°S 125.000°W / -60.000; -125.000 (Southern Ocean) | Southern Ocean |  |
| 73°17′S 125°0′W / 73.283°S 125.000°W / -73.283; -125.000 (Antarctica) | Antarctica | Unclaimed territory |
|


title: Ding Dong, Ding Dong

abstract: "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" is a song by English rock musician George Harrison, written as a New Year's Eve singalong and released in December 1974 on his album Dark Horse. It was the album's lead single in Britain and some other European countries, and the second single, after "Dark Horse", in North America. A large-scale production, the song incorporates aspects of Phil Spector's Wall of Sound technique, particularly his Christmas recordings from 1963. In addition, some Harrison biographers view "Ding Dong" as an attempt to emulate the success of two glam rock anthems from the 1973–74 holiday season: "Merry Xmas Everybody" by Slade, and Wizzard's "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday". The song became only a minor hit in Britain and the United States, although it was a top-twenty hit elsewhere in the world. Harrison took the lyrics to "Ding Dong" from engravings he found at his nineteenth-century home, Friar Park, in Oxfordshire – a legacy of its eccentric founder, Frank Crisp. The song's "Ring out the old, ring in the new" refrain has invited interpretation as Harrison distancing himself from his past as a member of the Beatles, and as the singer farewelling his first marriage, to Pattie Boyd. As on much of the Dark Horse album, Harrison's vocals on the recording were hampered by a throat condition, due partly to his having overextended himself on business projects such as his recently launched record label, Dark Horse Records. Recorded at his Friar Park studio, the track includes musical contributions from Tom Scott, Ringo Starr, Alvin Lee, Ron Wood and Jim Keltner. On release, the song met with an unfavourable response from many music critics, while others considered its musical and lyrical simplicity to be a positive factor for a contemporary pop hit. For the first time with one of his singles, Harrison made a promotional video for "Ding Dong", which features scenes of him miming to the track at Friar Park while dressed in a variety of Beatle-themed costumes. The song still receives occasional airplay over the holiday season. The video appears on the DVD in Harrison's eight-disc Apple Years 1968–75 box set, released in September 2014.

text:
# Ding Dong, Ding Dong

"**Ding Dong, Ding Dong**" is a song by English rock musician George Harrison, written as a New Year's Eve singalong and released in December 1974 on his album *Dark Horse*. It was the album's lead single in Britain and some other European countries, and the second single, after "Dark Horse", in North America. A large-scale production, the song incorporates aspects of Phil Spector's Wall of Sound technique, particularly his Christmas recordings from 1963. In addition, some Harrison biographers view "Ding Dong" as an attempt to emulate the success of two glam rock anthems from the 1973–74 holiday season: "Merry Xmas Everybody" by Slade, and Wizzard's "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday". The song became only a minor hit in Britain and the United States, although it was a top-twenty hit elsewhere in the world.

Harrison took the lyrics to "Ding Dong" from engravings he found at his nineteenth-century home, Friar Park, in Oxfordshire – a legacy of its eccentric founder, Frank Crisp. The song's "Ring out the old, ring in the new" refrain has invited interpretation as Harrison distancing himself from his past as a member of the Beatles, and as the singer farewelling his first marriage, to Pattie Boyd. As on much of the *Dark Horse* album, Harrison's vocals on the recording were hampered by a throat condition, due partly to his having overextended himself on business projects such as his recently launched record label, Dark Horse Records. Recorded at his Friar Park studio, the track includes musical contributions from Tom Scott, Ringo Starr, Alvin Lee, Ron Wood and Jim Keltner.

On release, the song met with an unfavourable response from many music critics, while others considered its musical and lyrical simplicity to be a positive factor for a contemporary pop hit. For the first time with one of his singles, Harrison made a promotional video for "Ding Dong", which features scenes of him miming to the track at Friar Park while dressed in a variety of Beatle-themed costumes. The song still receives occasional airplay over the holiday season. The video appears on the DVD in Harrison's eight-disc *Apple Years 1968–75* box set, released in September 2014.

## Background and composition

> I was just sitting by the fire, playing the guitar, and I looked up on the wall, and there it was, carved into the wall in oak ... I thought, "God, it took me \[four\] years of looking at that before I realised it was a song" … \[Friar Park\] has got all these great things written all over the place.

– George Harrison, on the inspiration behind "Ding Dong, Ding Dong", 1974

George Harrison purchased the 33-acre Friar Park estate, in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, in January 1970, and soon afterwards composed "Ballad of Sir Frankie Crisp (Let It Roll)" as a tribute to the property's original owner, an eccentric Victorian lawyer and horticulturalist named Frank Crisp. Harrison included the song on his *All Things Must Pass* triple album, released in November 1970, by which time he had begun incorporating into his new compositions some of the homilies and aphorisms that Crisp had inscribed around the property, 70 or more years before. A four-line verse beginning "Scan not a friend with a microscopic glass" particularly resonated with Harrison, who eventually used it in his 1975 song "The Answer's at the End". It similarly took Harrison several years to turn two inspirational lines of verse from carvings in the house's drawing room into song lyrics. These lines provided the repeated verse in "Ding Dong, Ding Dong": "Ring out the old, ring in the new" – which he took from the carving to the left of the fireplace – and "Ring out the false, ring in the true" – from the one to the right. In his 1980 autobiography, *I, Me, Mine*, Harrison credits English poet Lord Tennyson as the original source for these lines.

Authors Chip Madinger and Mark Easter describe "Ding Dong" as the "quickest song" that Harrison ever wrote, in terms of time spent on the composition. The words for the song's middle eight – "Yesterday, today was tomorrow / And tomorrow, today will be yesterday" – came from another pair of inscriptions from Crisp's time at Friar Park. Harrison found these lines in what he called "the garden building", carved in stone around two matching windows. The only other lyrics in "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" are the song title, repeated four times to serve as its chorus. Sung in imitation of a clock chiming, the chorus lyrics, combined with the message of those of the verse, lend the composition an obvious New Year's theme. Harrison later described the song as "very optimistic", and suggested: "Instead of getting stuck in a rut, everybody should try ringing out the old and ringing in the new … \[People\] sing about it, but they never apply it to their lives."

Harrison's other singles from the early 1970s – "My Sweet Lord", "What Is Life", "Bangla Desh" and "Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)" – were similarly written very quickly. In the case of "Ding Dong" and other tracks from the *Dark Horse* album, however, author Simon Leng recognises this haste as an example of Harrison abandoning his careful approach to his own music over the 1973–74 period, while remaining a "painstaking craftsman" on his concurrent projects with Ravi Shankar and the vocal duo Splinter. Preceding this change, elements of the British media had ridiculed Harrison's continued association with the Hare Krishna movement, and some music critics had objected to the overtly spiritual content of his 1973 album *Living in the Material World*. With his marriage to Pattie Boyd all but over by the summer of 1973, Harrison now wanted to be "one of the boys, not a spotlight-grabbing philosopher", according to Leng.

## Production

### Initial recording

Harrison recorded the rhythm track for "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" at his home studio, FPSHOT, in late November 1973, during the first sessions for *Dark Horse*. Aside from himself, on acoustic guitar, the other musicians on the track were Gary Wright (piano), Klaus Voormann (bass), Ringo Starr and Jim Keltner (both on drums) – all of whom had appeared on *Living in the Material World* earlier in the year. The recording engineer was Phil McDonald.

The sessions coincided with a period of domestic turbulence at Friar Park, with Harrison and Boyd both involved in extramarital affairs. They saw in the 1973–74 New Year with a party at Starr's Tittenhurst Park mansion – which was an "absolute dud" of a night, according to their friend Chris O'Dell, due to Harrison having openly declared his love for Starr's wife, Maureen Starkey, a few days before. Boyd recalls that Harrison told her at the party: "Let's have a divorce this year."

### Overdubbing

Harrison included a rough mix of "Ding Dong" on a tape he sent to Asylum Records boss David Geffen in January 1974, shortly before travelling to India to visit Shankar and escape his unhappy domestic situation with Boyd. The purpose of the tape was to find a distributor for albums by Harrison's future Dark Horse Records acts – *Shankar Family & Friends* by Shankar, and Splinter's *The Place I Love* – both of which had started off as Harrison productions for the Beatles' Apple record label. He added two songs of his own on the tape, with introductory comments about "Ding Dong".

> It's one of them repetitious numbers which is gonna have 20 million people, with the Phil Spector nymphomaniacs, all doing backing vocals by the end of the day, and it's gonna be wonderful.

– Harrison discussing the song on a taped message to a music industry executive, January 1974

As outlined to Geffen, Harrison went on to adopt the Wall of Sound production technique of his former collaborator, American producer Phil Spector, in his subsequent work on the track. Harrison's musical arrangement reflects the influence of the 1963 album *A Christmas Gift for You*, which contained Spector-produced songs by the Ronettes, the Crystals and Darlene Love, while more recently Spector had co-produced the Apple Records single "Happy Xmas (War Is Over)" single, by John Lennon and Yoko Ono. Some authors claim that with "Ding Dong", Harrison set out to create a seasonal "classic", in an attempt to match the British chart success of "Happy Xmas" and particularly of Slade's "Merry Xmas Everybody" and Wizzard's "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday" – two glam rock singles that were major UK hits over the winter of 1973–74. Leng cites the inclusion on the finished version of "Ding Dong" of harmonium and distorted electric guitars, similar to the Slade hit, while Harrison's use of baritone saxophones, two drummers and tubular bells, together with a female choir, matched the arrangement on "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday", which was heavily influenced by Spector's sound. Having incorporated aspects of Spector's technique on *Material World*, Harrison's aim with "Ding Dong, Ding Dong", according to Leng, was an update of the Wall of Sound that reflected "the glam rock mood of the day".

Harrison overdubbed call-and-response guitar riffs by Alvin Lee and Ron Wood onto the 1973 rhythm track, as well as his own slide guitars. Further overdubs included baritone and tenor saxophone parts by Tom Scott, and a second acoustic guitar, played by Mick Jones. Harrison also contributed on organ, clavinet and percussion, the last of which included tubular bells (or chimes), sleigh bells and zither.

Harrison's workload ensured that he was rushing to finish *Dark Horse* in October 1974 before beginning his North American tour with Shankar on 2 November. Described by Leng as "growled", Harrison's rough-sounding singing on "Ding Dong" shows the effects of a long-standing throat problem. Due to a combination of overexertion and abuse, this condition worsened, leading to him contracting laryngitis as he simultaneously completed his vocals for the album in Los Angeles and rehearsed for the tour. The female backing singers on the track remain uncredited.

## Release

In the United Kingdom, "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" was released as the lead single from *Dark Horse* on 6 December 1974 (as Apple R 6002). The B-side was "I Don't Care Anymore", a non-album track that Harrison recorded in a single take, specifically for the single.

In the United States, where "Dark Horse" had already been issued in advance of the album, "Ding Dong" was coupled with the instrumental "Hari's on Tour (Express)" and released two days before Christmas (as Apple 1879). Apple issued white label promotional discs to US radio stations, containing a 3:12 edit of the song. The single was available in a picture sleeve consisting of the song lyrics printed on an off-white background, with stamped Om symbols and the FPSHOT logo. The record's A-side face label included a photo of Harrison's new girlfriend, Olivia Arias, above the song information, whereas the UK single had Harrison's face on both sides.

On the *Dark Horse* LP, the two face labels similarly alternated between a picture of Harrison and one of Arias. Combined with the positioning of "Ding Dong" as the opening track on side two, this detail gave the impression that the song represented Harrison's ushering-in of his future wife and a farewell to Boyd. In the album's inner-sleeve credits, Harrison listed one of the guitarists on the track as "Ron Would if you let him", a reference to Wood's brief affair with Boyd before she took up with Eric Clapton. He also acknowledged Frank Crisp for having provided "spirit" on the recording. In another farewell to the past, Harrison signed the so-called "Beatles Agreement" papers in New York on 19 December, further severing the four former bandmates from the group's legal identity.

Rather than the smash hit that Harrison had hoped for, "Ding Dong" was only moderately successful. The single peaked at number 38 in Britain and number 36 on America's *Billboard* Hot 100. Madinger and Easter write that the single did "remarkably well", however, given that it was issued too late to take advantage of holiday-season programming. Harrison's single enjoyed more success internationally, climbing to number 10 in the Netherlands and number 12 in Belgium.

Despite "Ding Dong" having had what author Bruce Spizer terms a "respectable" chart run in America, Apple distributor Capitol Records omitted the song from its 1976 compilation *The Best of George Harrison*, which the company issued after Harrison had moved on to Dark Horse Records. Following *Dark Horse*'s CD release in 1992, the song was unavailable in newly remastered form until the *Apple Years* Harrison reissues, released in September 2014.

## Critical reception

### Contemporary reviews

> Harrison created a massive arrangement for "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" that included a revived "Awaiting on You All" guitar orchestra … chiming bells, and an unnamed army of backup singers intoning the cheerleader chorus … The bad news was that Harrison's voice was on the road to oblivion, and the critics didn't get the joke at all.

– Author Simon Leng

The majority of music critics were unimpressed with "Ding Dong, Ding Dong", and its release came in the wake of unfavourable reviews for the North American tour. In keeping with the song's message, Harrison refused to celebrate the past in his concerts by pandering to nostalgia for the Beatles, and many in the mainstream music press criticised the poor state of his voice and his decision to feature Ravi Shankar so heavily in the program.

In the UK, BBC DJ John Peel called "Ding Dong" "repetitive and dull" and accused Harrison of complacency, while the *NME*'s Bob Woffinden derided *Dark Horse* as "Just stuff and nonsense", adding: "You keep looking for saving graces, for words of enthusiasm to pass on – 'Ding Dong', you begin to think, for all its inane lyrics, has some *spirit*, but it really is very slight." Harrison's standing there was not helped by the presence of "I Don't Care Anymore" on the B-side, due to its casual delivery and the literal message in the song title. In a more favourable review, for *Melody Maker*, Chris Irwin wrote of the single:

> We've come to expect something with more substance than this glorified nursery rhyme from one of the most important musicians of the decade. True, it's catchy with a full chunky sound to bounce it along, but with an undeniable infectiousness of the sort normally associated with chicken pox or measles ... Curiously, records of such banality have a habit of selling in their zillions and this is bound to be a biggie. Hit.

Jim Miller of *Rolling Stone* condemned Harrison for releasing an album with his voice blown and for his apparent disdain towards the Beatles' legacy. He dismissed the song as "a raspy stab at 'Auld Lang Syne'". In *High Fidelity*, Mike Jahn wrote that of all the songs on *Dark Horse*, only "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" registered with him after three listens, but only due to his incredulity at the lyrics.

By contrast, Michael Gross, writing in *Circus Raves*, defended Harrison's move away from the past, saying that *Dark Horse* matched the critically acclaimed *All Things Must Pass*, "surpassing it, at times, with its clarity of production and lovely songs", and he praised "Ding Dong", the title track and the Harrison–Ron Wood collaboration "Far East Man" as "all, simply, good songs". While remarking on the surprisingly late release for a holiday-season single, *Billboard*'s reviewer deemed the track an "Extremely listenable performance" and added: "George has a genuine hit sound to offer here that's just right for those early January time-to-change resolutions. Catchy, heavily percussive production in Harrison's uptempo guru vein … Get on it, jocks." *Cash Box* described the single as a "rocking replacement for 'Auld Lang Syne,' featuring some of George's most inspiring production". The reviewer said that "Optimism reigns supreme and the driving beat makes anything seem possible" and highlighted the "spectacular finale with chimes, saxes and guitars thundering along". *Record World* said that "Guy Lombardo now has a rock counterpart as Harrison gallops in with a future New fears perennial."

In the 1978 edition of *The Beatles: An Illustrated Record*, Roy Carr and Tony Tyler dismissed the song as "meticulously-played emptiness, a charmless reworking of the traditional peal o' bells" before concluding: "A pox on it." Writing in his 1977 book *The Beatles Forever*, Nicholas Schaffner rued that "the exquisite, painstaking arrangements" of Harrison's earlier albums were absent from *Dark Horse*, and labelled "Ding Dong" "a string of greeting-card clichés with trite music to match".

### Retrospective assessments and legacy

In his song review for AllMusic, Lindsay Planer writes of "Ding Dong, Ding Dong": "While arguably simplistic, both lyrics and tune boast Harrison's trademark optimism, especially during the affable and repeated chorus of 'Ring out the old/Ring in the new/Ring out the false/Ring in the true.'" Harrison biographer Alan Clayson acknowledges the traditional pop merits of the song while explaining its underachievement: "With a chirpy-chirpy cheapness worthy of *Red Rose Speedway*, 'Ding Dong, Ding Dong' had all the credentials of a Yuletide smash but none that actually grabbed the public." Writing for *Goldmine* in January 2002, Dave Thompson described it as "sweetly simplistic" and "a sterling stab at a Christmas anthem … that deserved far better than its low Top 40 chart placings in the U.S. and Britain".

In his 2010 book on Harrison for the Praeger Singer-Songwriter series, Ian Inglis comments that the song had neither the "overt political message" of Lennon's Christmas single nor the "unashamed commercialism" of Paul McCartney's "Wonderful Christmastime", and writes that "Ding Dong"'s "somewhat halfhearted festive appeal" seems out of place on *Dark Horse*. Simon Leng views the song as an "intermittently amusing rocker", but with the perilous state of Harrison's voice on the recording, "Ding Dong" would have benefited from "hibernating another winter". Author Robert Rodriguez opines that whereas Harrison's "rough-hewn" vocals on "Dark Horse" had enhanced that song, his "Father Time impression" did nothing for "Ding Dong".

Among reviews of the 2014 *Apple Years* reissue of *Dark Horse*, *Paste*'s Robert Ham refers to the song as "a Christmas anthem … that is as infectious as McCartney's 'Wonderful Christmastime' and as globally minded as Lennon's 'Happy Xmas (War Is Over)'". Conversely, Paul Trynka of *Classic Rock* singles out "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" as the one song that "embarrasses" on an album that is otherwise "packed with beautiful, small-scale moments". Trynka labels it "George's own Frog Chorus", with reference to McCartney's 1984 children's song, "We All Stand Together", and adds: "its clunking glam evokes those horrible 70s TV shows where DJs drool over dollybirds in hotpants."

In December 1999, while promoting his album *I Wanna Be Santa Claus*, Starr hosted a Christmas-themed radio show for New York's MJI Broadcasting, during which he featured "Ding Dong" along with the singles by Lennon and McCartney, as well as seasonal recordings by Spector and by a selection of Motown artists. Harrison's track still receives airplay over the Christmas–New Year period. Unlike "Happy Xmas", however, and, to a lesser extent, "Wonderful Christmastime", "Ding Dong" never achieved the status of a perennial holiday classic.

## Promo clip

Harrison compiled a 16mm colour film for "Ding Dong, Ding Dong", the first time he made a promotional clip for one of his singles. The film was little seen at the time of release; it was first broadcast in January 1975, on UK television, and then on the French network TF1's show *Midi Premiere* in May that year. The video was issued officially on disc eight of Harrison's *Apple Years 1968–75* box set in September 2014. Described as "a hoot" by Robert Rodriguez, it conveys what Harrison deemed the "comical" aspect of the song. Leng describes the clip as "sporadically amusing" and says of its content: "As the audiences at the Dark Horse Tour concerts were about to discover, the only 'old' that he wanted to 'ring out' was the Beatles."

Harrison appears in a range of Beatles-related costumes while miming to the track. His attire in these scenes represents a chronology of periods in the band's career – starting with the Hamburg-era black leathers, followed by 1963 mop-top wig and grey collarless suit, and then the iconic *Sgt. Pepper* uniform from 1967. During these scenes, he plays a mix of guitars, including his famous Rickenbacker 12-string, as used in the Beatles' 1964 film *A Hard Day's Night*, and the Gibson Les Paul (christened "Lucy") that Clapton had used on the recording of "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" in September 1968. The *Sgt. Pepper* portion shows Harrison playing a tuba while, behind him, an Indian man plays a sitar. Harrison also re-creates Lennon and Ono's *Two Virgins* album cover, by appearing naked save for an acoustic guitar and a pair of furry boots. Another change of costume and instrument, to denims and dobro, supports his stated rejection during the tour of early-'70s era, "Bangla Desh George".

Harrison is also seen walking around the grounds of Friar Park. In these scenes, he wears scruffy, present-day attire that represents "his own, new identity", according to Leng, who likens Harrison's appearance to the character on the cover of Jethro Tull's *Aqualung* album. Harrison mimes the final choruses inside the house, filmed in close-up and surrounded by a cast of "dwarfs, gnomes and other Pythonesque characters". At the end of the clip, he is seen at the flagpole on the roof of the house, replacing a pirate standard with his yellow-and-red Om flag – a gesture that was the opposite of Boyd's when she learned of Harrison's affair with Maureen Starkey. The video was directed by Harrison and filmed by Nick Knowland.

## Personnel

Adapted from Harrison's original handwritten credits, as reproduced in the 2014 *Dark Horse* CD booklet:

## Chart positions

| Chart (1974–75) | Peak<br>position |
| --- | --- |
| Belgian Ultratop Singles Chart | 12 |
| Canadian *RPM* 100 | 63 |
| Dutch MegaChart Singles | 10 |
| Japanese Oricon Singles Chart | 68 |
| South African Springbok Singles Chart | 20 |
| UK Singles Chart | 38 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 36 |
| US *Cash Box* Top 100 | 36 |
| US *Record World* Singles Chart | 49 |
| West German Media Control Chart | 31 |

1. Badman, p. 144.
2. Huntley, p. 46.
3. Clayson, p. 299.
4. George Harrison, p. 208.
5. Boyd, pp. 144, 145.
6. Olivia Harrison, p. 268.
7. Snow, pp. 24–25.
8. Greene, pp. 165, 171.
9. George Harrison, p. 37.
10. Huntley, p. 123.
11. Madinger & Easter, p. 444.
12. George Harrison, p. 280.
13. Spizer, p. 264.
14. George Harrison, p. 279.
15. Inglis, p. 46.
16. Allison, p. 140.
17. George Harrison, p. 162.
18. Clayson, pp. 322–23.
19. Madinger & Easter, pp. 434, 444.
20. Leng, pp. 144–46, 148, 149.
21. Greene, pp. 200–02.
22. Inglis, p. 43.
23. Clayson, pp. 306, 324.
24. Rodriguez, p. 142.
25. Leng, p. 150.
26. Leng, pp. 147, 153.
27. Steven Rosen, "George Harrison", Rock's Backpages, 2008 (subscription required).
28. Kahn, p. 186.
29. Leng, p. 153.
30. Lindsay Planer, "George Harrison 'Ding Dong, Ding Dong'", AllMusic (retrieved 19 July 2016).
31. Inner sleeve credits, *Dark Horse* LP (Apple Records, 1974; produced by George Harrison).
32. Doggett, pp. 208–09.
33. O'Dell, p. 266.
34. Boyd, p. 177.
35. Inglis, p. 45.
36. Leng, pp. 153–54, 165.
37. Tillery, p. 112.
38. Madinger & Easter, pp. 442, 444.
39. Clayson, p. 346.
40. Woffinden, pp. 74, 85.
41. Clayson, pp. 345–46.
42. Leng, p. 154.
43. Leng, pp. 153–54.
44. Clayson, pp. 343, 479.
45. Dennis MacDonald, "Phil Spector *A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector*", AllMusic (retrieved 28 December 2012).
46. Clayson, p. 343.
47. Williams, p. 17.
48. Spizer, p. 342.
49. Williams, p. 166.
50. Schaffner, pp. 159–60.
51. Stephen Holden, "George Harrison, *Living in the Material World*" Archived 3 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine, *Rolling Stone*, 19 July 1973, p. 54 (retrieved 18 July 2016).
52. Michael Gross, "George Harrison: How *Dark Horse* Whipped Up a Winning Tour", *Circus Raves*, March 1975; available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).
53. "George's original \[inner\] sleeve design for the album *Dark Horse*" (sample album credits), *Dark Horse* CD booklet (Apple Records, 2014; produced by George Harrison), p. 8.
54. Schaffner, p. 179.
55. Madinger & Easter, pp. 442–43.
56. The Editors of *Rolling Stone*, p. 44.
57. Kahn, pp. 183, 186.
58. Leng, pp. 147–48, 155.
59. David Cavanagh, "George Harrison: The Dark Horse", *Uncut*, August 2008, pp. 43–44.
60. Mat Snow, "George Harrison: Quiet Storm", *Mojo*, November 2014, p. 72.
61. Tillery, p. 114.
62. Leng, p. 115.
63. Boyd, pp. 175–76.
64. Allison, p. 7.
65. Leng, pp. 153, 154.
66. Spizer, p. 269.
67. Castleman & Podrazik, p. 144.
68. Inglis, p. 49.
69. Timothy White, "George Harrison: Reconsidered", *Musician*, November 1987, p. 65.
70. Badman, pp. 142, 146.
71. Spizer, pp. 265, 269.
72. Spizer, pp. 269, 270.
73. Madinger & Easter, p. 443.
74. Spizer, p. 265.
75. Woffinden, pp. 84–85.
76. Spizer, pp. 265, 267.
77. Huntley, pp. 118, 121.
78. Badman, p. 139.
79. Greene, pp. 208–09.
80. The Editors of *Rolling Stone*, pp. 44, 46.
81. Boyd, pp. 187–88.
82. Dave Thompson, "The Music of George Harrison: An album-by-album guide", *Goldmine*, 25 January 2002, p. 17.
83. "Artist: George Harrison", Official Charts Company (retrieved 11 April 2014).
84. "George Harrison \> Charts & Awards \> Billboard Singles", AllMusic (retrieved 11 April 2014).
85. Badman, pp. 144, 151.
86. Madinger & Easter, p. 66.
87. Spizer, pp. 61, 269.
88. "George Harrison – Ding Dong, Ding Dong", dutchcharts.nl (retrieved 10 July 2013).
89. "George Harrison – Ding Dong, Ding Dong", ultratop.be (retrieved 10 July 2013).
90. Rodriguez, p. 128.
91. Schaffner, pp. 188, 191.
92. Badman, p. 473.
93. Joe Marchese, "Review: The George Harrison Remasters – 'The Apple Years 1968–1975'", *The Second Disc*, 23 September 2014 (retrieved 28 September 2014).
94. Peter Doggett, "George Harrison: The Apple Years", *Record Collector*, April 2001, p. 39.
95. Schaffner, p. 178.
96. Kahn, p. 183.
97. Leng, pp. 154, 166.
98. The Editors of *Rolling Stone*, pp. 44, 126, 129.
99. Rodriguez, pp. 58–59, 238.
100. Clayson, pp. 343−44.
101. Bob Woffinden, "George Harrison: *Dark Horse*", *NME*, 21 December 1974; available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).
102. Leng, p. 158.
103. Spizer, p. 260.
104. Chris Hunt (ed.), *NME Originals: Beatles – The Solo Years 1970–1980*, IPC Ignite! (London, 2005), p. 92.
105. Jim Miller, "Dark Horse: Transcendental Mediocrity", *Rolling Stone*, 13 February 1975, pp. 75–76.
106. Mike Jahn, "The Lighter Side: George Harrison, *Dark Horse*", *High Fidelity*, April 1975, p. 101.
107. Bob Kirsch (ed.), "Top Single Picks", *Billboard*, 4 January 1975, p. 47 (retrieved 21 November 2014).
108. "Cash Box Singles Reviews", *Cash Box*, 4 January 1975, p. 11 (retrieved 9 December 2021).
109. "Hits of the Week" (PDF). *Record World*. 4 January 1975. p. 1. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
110. Carr & Tyler, p. 113.
111. Clayson, p. 344.
112. Rodriguez, pp. 201, 411.
113. Robert Ham, "George Harrison: *The Apple Years: 1968–1975* Review", *Paste*, 24 September 2014 (retrieved 28 September 2014).
114. Paul Trynka, "George Harrison *The Apple Years 1968–75*", *Classic Rock*, November 2014, p. 105.
115. Paul Trynka, "George Harrison: The Apple Years 1968–75", TeamRock, 8 October 2014 (retrieved 27 November 2014).
116. Badman, p. 346.
117. Rodriguez, p. 191.
118. Badman, p. 146.
119. Pieper, pp. 146, 344.
120. Kory Grow, "George Harrison's First Six Studio Albums to Get Lavish Reissues" Archived 23 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine, rollingstone.com, 2 September 2014 (retrieved 28 September 2014).
121. Rodriguez, p. 201.
122. Badman, pp. 144, 146.
123. Pieper, p. 146.
124. Clayson, p. 252.
125. MacDonald, p. 264fn.
126. The Editors of *Rolling Stone*, pp. 126, 129.
127. Leng, pp. 143, 154.
128. Boyd, pp. 174–75.
129. Greene, p. 172.
130. Tillery, p. 91.
131. Joe Marchese, "Give Me Love: George Harrison’s 'Apple Years' Are Collected On New Box Set", *The Second Disc*, 2 September 2014 (retrieved 28 September 2014).
132. "*RPM* 100 Singles, 22 February 1975" Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Library and Archives Canada (retrieved 11 April 2014).
133. "George Harrison: Chart Action (Japan)" Archived 23 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine, homepage1.nifty.com (retrieved 11 April 2014).
134. "SA Charts 1969–1989 Songs (C–D)", South African Rock Lists, 2000 (retrieved 30 December 2012).
135. "The Singles Chart", *Record World*, 1 February 1975, p. 35.
136. "Single – George Harrison, Ding Dong, Ding Dong", charts.de (retrieved 3 January 2013).

## Sources

## InfoBox

| "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" | |
| --- | --- |
| US picture sleeve | |
| Single by George Harrison | |
| from the album  *Dark Horse* | |
| B-side |  |
| Released | 6 December 1974 (UK)<br>23 December 1974 (US) |
| Genre | Rock |
| Length | 3:41 |
| Label | Apple |
| Songwriter(s) | George Harrison |
| Producer(s) | George Harrison |
| George Harrison singles chronology | |
| "Dark Horse" <br>(1974) "**Ding Dong, Ding Dong**" <br>(1974) "You" <br>(1975) | |


title: Tempted (Cast novel)

abstract: Tempted is the sixth volume of the House of Night fantasy book series, written by American P.C. Cast and Kristin Cast. It was published in October 27, 2009 by St. Martin's Press, an extension of Macmillan Publishers. By February 2010, according to Publishers Weekly, it had already sold 1.1 million copies. The book has been translated in more than 20 different languages.

text:
# Tempted (Cast novel)

***Tempted*** is the sixth volume of the *House of Night* fantasy book series, written by American P.C. Cast and Kristin Cast. It was published in October 27, 2009 by St. Martin's Press, an extension of Macmillan Publishers. By February 2010, according to *Publishers Weekly*, it had already sold 1.1 million copies. The book has been translated in more than 20 different languages.

## Plot

Tempted starts immediately after the end of events in the 5th book, *Hunted*, and is told from the point of view of six characters: Zoey, Stevie Rae, Aphrodite, Rephaim, Heath and Stark.

Zoey has finally banished Neferet and Kalona, but he still haunts her dreams. When another prophecy warns Zoey of her choices, she realizes that she must follow her enemies up to the Vampire Council.

### Zoey

In the aftermath Zoey gathers her allies and starts organizing them. Stevie Rae notices she's very tired and takes over, leaving Zoey to take care of a wounded Stark and her grandmother. Having recovered from her accident, she tells Zoey that she is A-ya's reincarnation and that A-ya was made to love Kalona, so that's why she cannot help being uncontrollably attracted to Kalona, as it's in her soul. In the end she's so stressed that when Erik finds her, demanding a share of her time, they quarrel and she dumps him for being overly jealous and possessive, taking her down to two love interests (whilst Erik forms a relationship with Venus, Aphrodite's ex-roommate).

She rooms in with Aphrodite and has a dream with Kalona at the same time she has a vision that links to several elements from the dream. Alerted by Zoey's panic, Stark climbs up to her room and sleeps there to guard her from further intrusions. Aphrodite leaves and takes Darius to Stark's abandoned room. While they talk, she realizes she's come to love him and is afraid she is incapable of returning his feelings. He soothes her and pledges his Warrior's Oath to her.

The kids return to the House of Night. They find Anastasia Lankford, a professor at the House of Night, dead at Rephaim's hands, and Dragon grieving her loss. Jack stays with Dragon to comfort him and coax him through his pain while Zoey goes to assess the mood of the school. Through Aphrodite's visions, Zoey's dreams of Kalona and Kramisha's prophetic poems they find that Kalona and Neferet plan on getting back the old ways of the vampyres. Following the rumors on Twitter, Jack finds Kalona and Neferet in Venice, on the isle of San Clemente with the Vampyre Council.

Another vision brings a new warning: if Zoey is with Kalona the world will end as they know it, and if she chooses love and Nyx he will "die" and the world will be safe. On the other hand, Zoey can't completely reject him, as she believes he can be saved. In an effort to gain her favor, Kalona shows her his past as Nyx's Warrior and promises to change his ways if she will have him.

Zoey and her friends go to Venice to have their say in the Council, but Stevie Rae stays behind, arguing that it's her responsibility as a High Priestess to take care of the rogues. Upon arriving, they learn that Neferet claims to be Nyx Incarnate and Kalona claims to be Erebus. It is revealed that Zoey's destiny is to face Kalona alone, meaning that only she can save the world. The Council declares Aphrodite a Prophetess of the vampyres, but is otherwise distrusting of Zoey, mainly because of her age. After the Council session is over Heath and Zoey talk about the stresses of everything going on Zoey sends Heath to find Stark. He discovers Neferet and Kalona in a secret conversation; Kalona finds Heath. Heath uses the Imprint to call Zoey and she arrives to see Kalona kill him. In her anguish she throws Spirit at Kalona, but her soul shatters and goes to the Otherworld.

### Stevie Rae

While sweeping the Benedictine Abbey grounds, Stevie Rae finds an injured Raven Mocker named Rephaim (the favored son of Kalona) and helps him to safety against her better judgement. She binds his wounds and sends him through the tunnels. Back at the House of Night, she's horrified to learn that he was actually the one to kill Dragon's mate, Anastasia Lankford.

In the tunnels Rephaim is found by the rogue red fledglings, and their leader, Nicole, uses her gift to peer into his mind and learns that Stevie Rae saved him. They use him as bait and catch Stevie Rae, leaving her alongside him in a cage on the roof to be burned down by the sun. Rephaim helps her and the two get in the ground at the last minute. To repay her for nursing him back to health, he offers her his immortal blood to heal her burns. Unexpectedly, the two Imprint and Stevie Rae loses hers with Aphrodite. Alerted by Aphrodite's going into painful convulsions, Zoey calls at the House of Night and Erik and Lenobia rush to find and save Stevie Rae. With the last of her powers, Stevie Rae hides Rephaim from their eyes as they get her out.

## Characters

* Zoey Redbird: The main protagonist of the series. She has an affinity for all five elements (air, fire, water, earth, and spirit), and is the only High Priestess to have ever been given that magnitude of power by the goddess Nyx. Zoey is also the youngest High Priestess in vampyre history.
* Nyx: The goddess of the vampyres and Kalona used to be her warrior that he loved to much and she banished him.
* Erik Night: A former fledgling and Zoey's ex-boyfriend, now the vampyre Tracker for Tulsa's House of Night. Erik has a talent for acting, and once won an international House of Night monologue competition. He and Shaunee later start seeing each other.
* Stevie Rae Johnson: Zoey's best friend, and the first red vampyre High Priestess in history. She also has an affinity for earth and is Rephaim's girlfriend later in the series.
* Neferet: The main antagonist and former High Priestess, now immortal consort of Darkness and witch queen of the Tsi Sgili. Neferet is initially introduced as a kind, loving mentor to Zoey, but is gradually revealed to be on the side of Darkness.
* Heath Luck: Zoey's human "almost-boyfriend", who cannot seem to stay away despite her best efforts. Their Imprint breaks twice: once when Zoey Imprints with Loren Blake, and again when Heath is killed by Kalona. Part of Heath's soul later returns in Aurox, the Vessel created by Neferet.
* Aphrodite LaFont: Former "hag from hell" and Zoey's enemy in the first book. Aphrodite starts as a rather bitchy and arrogant vampyre fledgeling. Aphrodite is later unmarked to save Stevie Rae and the two imprint briefly. Her visions remain in spite of losing her mark and becomes an oracle and prophetess. Gradually grows to trust Zoey and the rest of the nerd herd.
* Sylvia Redbird: Zoey's grandmother, a Cherokee Wise Woman. She owns a lavender farm and is often on hand to give Zoey advice and reassurance in the fight against Darkness.
* Erin Bates: A fledgling and member of the nerd herd with an affinity for water before she left to be with the evil red fledgling Dallas. Her body eventually rejects the Change and she dies.
* Shaunee Cole: A fledgling and member of the nerd herd with an affinity for fire. She is Erin Bates twin until she starts to grow her own personality much to Erin's dismay. Suffers the loss of her twin.
* Damien Maslin: A fledgling, member of the nerd herd with an affinity for air. Jack is his boyfriend until being murdered by Neferet. Damien eventually finds love again.
* James Stark: A red vampyre who becomes Zoey's Warrior and Guardian, and has an affinity for archery.
* Jack Twist: Damien's boyfriend
* Rephaim: leader of the Raven Mockers
* Darius: A son of Erebus

## Reception

In its opening week the book ranked 1st in the *New York Times, USA Today* Top 150 Bestseller List. *Tempted* was a *RT Reviewers' Choice Award Nominee for Best Young Adult Paranormal/Fantasy Novel* in 2011. *"Cast and Cast pull out all the stops and take this story to shattering new heights with devastating consequences!"*

## InfoBox

Tempted
| The first edition cover of *Tempted* | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | P.C. Cast
Kristin Cast |
| Language | English |
| Series | House of Night |
| Genre | Young adult
Paranormal romance |
| Publisher | St. Martin's Press |
| Publication date | October 27, 2009 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (Paperback & Hardback)
Audio CD |
| Pages | 319 |
| ISBN | 978-1-905654-58-1 |
| OCLC | 316019665 |
| Preceded by | *Hunted* |
| Followed by | *Burned* |


abstract:
Seafarers' Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, 1996 is an International Labour Organization Convention. It was established in 1996, with the preamble stating:
Recalling the entry into force of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, on 16 November 1994, and Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the revision of the Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1958, and the Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Recommendation, 1958,...

text:
# Seafarers' Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, 1996

**Seafarers' Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, 1996** is an International Labour Organization Convention.

It was established in 1996, with the preamble stating:

> Recalling the entry into force of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, on 16 November 1994, and

> Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the revision of the Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1958, and the Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Recommendation, 1958,...

## Seafarers' Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention and COVID-19

Following the outbreak of COVID-19, the International Labor Organization (ILO), in conjunction with the Seafarers' Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, called on governments to take all possible measures to protect seafarers and to take steps to reduce the risk of COVID-19 virus infection. The ILO Memorandum was intended to coordinate the vision of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
A joint statement issued by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Labor Organization (ILO) on May 22, 2020, emphasized the call for key worker status for seafarers. It relieves crews of travel restrictions and make it easier for them to join or leave the ships.

## Ratifications

As of 2022, the convention had been ratified by 21 states. However, all have subsequently denounced it.

## InfoBox

Seafarers' Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, 1996
| C180 | |
| --- | --- |
| ILO Convention | |
| Date of adoption | October 22, 1996 |
| Date in force | August 8, 2002 |
| Classification | Seafarers |
| Subject | Seafarers |
| Previous | Recruitment and Placement of Seafarers Convention, 1996 |
| Next | Private Employment Agencies Convention, 1997 |


title: Cam Stewart (sportscaster)

abstract: Cam Stewart is a Canadian sports broadcaster who hosted the radio program Red Heat on the defunct The Score Satellite Radio and co-hosted Live @theScore and Score on the NFL on The Score Television Network. Other roles on the Score Satellite Radio included co-hosting Drive This!, "Morency" "Covers Experts" and "24in30". He grew up in the Greater Toronto area where he had a memorable high school football career in which he once recorded 4 sacks in a single game. Cam spent time in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, where he was first introduced into the sports media industry. He is currently a contributor to the FNTSY Sports Network appearing alongside Gabriel Morency and can also be heard on John Oakley's radio program on AM 640 in Toronto. Stewart is John's guest each Monday and Friday as the show wraps up from 6:30 to 7:00 pm. Although Cam's role is expected to be talking about sports and gambling, he somehow manages to address the problems and topics of the modern world with his own special brand of irreverence and humour.

text:
# Cam Stewart (sportscaster)

**Cam Stewart** (a.k.a.: Red Heat, The Raging Red Head) (born April 4, 1975) is a Canadian sports broadcaster who hosted the radio program Red Heat on the defunct The Score Satellite Radio and co-hosted Live @theScore and Score on the NFL on The Score Television Network. Other roles on the Score Satellite Radio included co-hosting Drive This!, "Morency" "Covers Experts" and "24in30". He grew up in the Greater Toronto area where he had a memorable high school football career in which he once recorded 4 sacks in a single game. Cam spent time in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, where he was first introduced into the sports media industry.

He is currently a contributor to the FNTSY Sports Network appearing alongside Gabriel Morency and can also be heard on John Oakley's radio program on AM 640 in Toronto. Stewart is John's guest each Monday and Friday as the show wraps up from 6:30 to 7:00 pm. Although Cam's role is expected to be talking about sports and gambling, he somehow manages to address the problems and topics of the modern world with his own special brand of irreverence and humour.


title: Charles Perrot (minister)

abstract: Charles Perrot (1541–1608) was a French Reformed minister who served in the Republic of Geneva. Perrot came from a French family who were Nobles of the Robe and was born in Paris. He studied at the Genevan Academy and in 1564 became a minister. He married Sarah Cop in 1566, and became a citizen of Geneva in 1567. Perrot served as a minister in the city from 1568 until his death. He acted as rector at the Academy from 1570-2 and 1588–92. Scott Manetsch describes Perrot as "an idealist prone to discouragement, a man of deep piety who valued Christian charity as much a theological precision." Perrot's "pulpit jeremiads against social injustice and his advocacy for the poor sometimes put him at odds with Geneva's magistrates."

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# Charles Perrot (minister)

**Charles Perrot** (1541–1608) was a French Reformed minister who served in the Republic of Geneva.

Perrot came from a French family who were Nobles of the Robe and was born in Paris. He studied at the Genevan Academy and in 1564 became a minister. He married Sarah Cop (daughter of Michel Cop) in 1566, and became a citizen of Geneva in 1567. Perrot served as a minister in the city from 1568 until his death. He acted as rector at the Academy from 1570-2 and 1588–92.

Scott Manetsch describes Perrot as "an idealist prone to discouragement, a man of deep piety who valued Christian charity as much a theological precision." Perrot's "pulpit jeremiads against social injustice and his advocacy for the poor sometimes put him at odds with Geneva's magistrates."


title: Castilleja christii

abstract: Castilleja christii is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known by the common name Christ's Indian paintbrush. It is endemic to Idaho in the United States, where there is a single population on Mount Harrison in the Albion Mountains in the Minidoka Ranger District of Sawtooth National Forest. It is one of Idaho's rarest plants. This plant was named for John Henry Christ (1896–1973), who first collected it. It is a perennial herb with a cluster of several erect stems 15 to 30 centimetres tall. The lance-shaped leaves are a few centimeters long and may be divided into lobes. The inflorescence is covered in glandular hairs. It contains many lance-shaped yellow or orange bracts and flower corollas 2 to 3 centimetres long. Blooming occurs in July and August. The plant reproduces by seed. This plant grows near the mountain summit at an elevation of 9,100 feet, where deep snow accumulates and sometimes lasts into the summer or year-round. It occurs in grassy meadow habitat alongside Festuca idahoensis and Elymus trachycaulus, a snowbed habitat with Solidago multiradiata, Erigeron peregrinus, Lupinus argenteus, and Cymopterus davisii, and openings in sagebrush. The climate is subalpine. The soils are shallow and there are no trees. The only population of this plant is managed by the Sawtooth National Forest. The population fluctuates in numbers, sometimes reaching over one million individuals, but is declining overall. The main threat to the species is habitat loss, which has occurred with the construction of roads in the area. Some vehicles also go off-road, despite barriers to prevent this activity. Some cattle grazing occurs in the habitat, but fencing protects some parts of it. Smooth brome has been introduced into the habitat, where it is a noxious weed.

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# Castilleja christii

***Castilleja christii*** is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known by the common name **Christ's Indian paintbrush**. It is endemic to Idaho in the United States, where there is a single population on Mount Harrison in the Albion Mountains in the Minidoka Ranger District of Sawtooth National Forest. It is one of Idaho's rarest plants.

This plant was named for John Henry Christ (1896–1973), who first collected it. It is a perennial herb with a cluster of several erect stems 15 to 30 centimetres (5.9 to 11.8 inches) tall. The lance-shaped leaves are a few centimeters long and may be divided into lobes. The inflorescence is covered in glandular hairs. It contains many lance-shaped yellow or orange bracts and flower corollas 2 to 3 centimetres (0.79 to 1.18 inches) long. Blooming occurs in July and August. The plant reproduces by seed.

This plant grows near the mountain summit at an elevation of 9,100 feet (2,800 metres), where deep snow accumulates and sometimes lasts into the summer or year-round. It occurs in grassy meadow habitat alongside *Festuca idahoensis* and *Elymus trachycaulus*, a snowbed habitat with *Solidago multiradiata*, *Erigeron peregrinus*, *Lupinus argenteus*, and *Cymopterus davisii*, and openings in sagebrush. The climate is subalpine. The soils are shallow and there are no trees.

The only population of this plant is managed by the Sawtooth National Forest. The population fluctuates in numbers, sometimes reaching over one million individuals, but is declining overall. The main threat to the species is habitat loss, which has occurred with the construction of roads in the area. Some vehicles also go off-road, despite barriers to prevent this activity. Some cattle grazing occurs in the habitat, but fencing protects some parts of it. Smooth brome (*Bromus inermis*) has been introduced into the habitat, where it is a noxious weed.

## InfoBox

| *Castilleja christii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Critically Imperiled  (NatureServe) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Orobanchaceae |
| Genus: | *Castilleja* |
| Species: | ***C. christii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Castilleja christii***
N.H.Holmgren | |
|


title: Renaissance Magazine

abstract: Renaissance Magazine was a glossy American magazine published bimonthly. Each issue comprised approximately 90 pages, and included articles about the contemporary renaissance faire experience, medieval and renaissance history, castles, heraldry, cooking, and interviews with key individuals in the renaissance fair industry. It was founded in 1996 by Kim Guarnaccia, aka Lady Kimberly, a graduate of Yale University, headquartered in Nantucket, MA. She sold the magazine to Queue, Inc. of Shelton, CT in 2000, but remained as art director and editor-in-chief until 2007. The magazine was then purchased by Lionheart Entertainment LLC in Houston, Texas in 2017 and was finally closed in January 2020.

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# Renaissance Magazine

***Renaissance Magazine*** was a glossy American magazine published bimonthly. Each issue comprised approximately 90 pages, and included articles about the contemporary renaissance faire experience, medieval and renaissance history, castles, heraldry, cooking, and interviews with key individuals in the renaissance fair industry. It was founded in 1996 by Kim Guarnaccia, aka Lady Kimberly, a graduate of Yale University, headquartered in Nantucket, MA. She sold the magazine to Queue, Inc. of Shelton, CT in 2000, but remained as art director and editor-in-chief until 2007. The magazine was then purchased by Lionheart Entertainment LLC in Houston, Texas in 2017 and was finally closed in January 2020.

## InfoBox

*Renaissance Magazine*
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Editor | Adam Eyler & Tanya Laird |
| Frequency | Bi-monthly |
| Circulation | 35,000 |
| Founded | 1996 |
| Company | Lionheart Entertainment LLC |
| Country | United States |
| Based in | Bridgeport, Connecticut |
| Language | English |
| Website |  |
| ISSN | 1088-906X |


title: Éva Orbán

abstract: Éva Orbán is a Hungarian hammer thrower. She set her personal best and a Hungarian national record with a throw of 71.33 metres on the 2011 Summer Universiade in Shenzhen, with that she won the silver medal of the event. Representing the USC Trojans track and field team, Orbán won the 2008 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships in the hammer throw.

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# Éva Orbán

**Éva Orbán** (born 29 November 1984 in Pápa) is a Hungarian hammer thrower. She set her personal best and a Hungarian national record with a throw of 71.33 metres on the 2011 Summer Universiade in Shenzhen, with that she won the silver medal of the event.

Representing the USC Trojans track and field team, Orbán won the 2008 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships in the hammer throw.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Hungary | | | | |
| 2002 | World Junior Championships | Kingston, Jamaica |  | NM |
| 2003 | European Junior Championships | Tampere, Finland | 6th | 62.33 m |
| 2004 | Olympic Games | Athens, Greece | 24th (q) | 65.76 m |
| 2005 | European U23 Championships | Erfurt, Germany | 11th | 57.26 m |
| | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 21st (q) | 64.26 m |
| 2006 | European Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 25th (q) | 62.55 m |
| 2007 | Universiade | Bangkok, Thailand | 12th | 60.19 m |
| 2008 | Olympic Games | Beijing, PR China | 34th (q) | 65.41 m |
| 2009 | World Championships | Berlin, Germany | 14th (q) | 69.39 m |
| 2010 | European Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 12th | 64.99 m |
| 2011 | Universiade | Shenzhen, China | 2nd | 71.33 m |
| | World Championships | Daegu, South Korea | 13th (q) | 68.89 m |
| 2012 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 7th | 67.92 m |
| | Olympic Games | London, United Kingdom | 17th (q) | 68.64 m |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 8th | 72.70 m |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland |  | NM |
| 2015 | World Championships | Beijing, China | 28th (q) | 64.57 m |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 18th (q) | 65.86 m |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 28th (q) | 59.16 m |

## Awards

* Hungarian athlete of the Year (3): 2011, 2012, 2013

## InfoBox

Éva Orbán
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Éva Orbán |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Born | (1984-11-29) 29 November 1984<br>Pápa, Hungary |
| Height | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) |
| Weight | 75 kg (165 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Hammer throw |
| Achievements and titles | |
| Personal best | 73.44 m |
| Medal record      Representing  Hungary  Summer Universiade  2011 Shenzhen Hammer throw | |