title: Black Dog (album)

abstract: Black Dog is the fourth solo studio album by English electronic music project Gazelle Twin of composer, producer, and musician Elizabeth Bernholz. It was released on 27 October 2023 through Invada Records. The album received acclaim from critics.

text:
# Black Dog (album)

***Black Dog*** is the fourth solo studio album (fifth overall) by English electronic music project Gazelle Twin of composer, producer, and musician Elizabeth Bernholz. It was released on 27 October 2023 through Invada Records. The album received acclaim from critics.

## Background

Bernholz announced the album on 4 September 2023, calling it an "album of confrontation, childhood fears and how they manifest in adulthood". The project was announced to be another "step forward and a grippingly brilliant game changer". Bernholz herself thought *Black Dog* was the "rawest thing" she had ever made, soon realising that she was not writing "about ghosts" but her own "mental state". She tried to confront her "demons of the past" and hoped to demonstrate that there is hope for those who feel "trapped between these two states of being". Unlike her previous works, she decided not to cover her face for this album as she found no "relevant look" to fit the record.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 90/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| *Mojo* |  |
| *MusicOMH* |  |
| *PopMatters* | 9/10 |
| *Uncut* |  |

At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from professional critics, the album received an average score of 90 based on four reviews, indicating "universal acclaim". Spyros Stasis of *PopMatters* called *Black Dog* the sum of Gazelle Twin's "past strange adventures" that also "forges a new path" for the musician. Stasis thought that this path manages to "surpass" "disparate aspects" of her past output. The staff at *Uncut* went as far as labeling the album a "mighty musical exorcism". Writing for *The Quietus*, Lottie Brazier named *Black Dog* their album of the week, calling it a record of "disarming vocal force" influenced by "childhood nightmares and uncanny reminders".

Steven Johnson of *MusicOMH* saw *Black Dog* as the return to "typically unsettling, sinister and nightmarish" material, giving the listener an "uneasy listening" experience that is "impossible to ignore", demanding attention for "its unrelenting power and undisguised starkness". Likewise, the editors at *Mojo* applauded Gazelle Twin for including "evocative sonic components" that slowly ceases halfway through the album but does not affect the "overall consistency".

*Black Dog* appeared on the year-end list from *The Quietus*, who rated it the 26th best album of 2023.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Elizabeth Bernholz

*Black Dog* track listing
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I Disappear" | 5:11 |
| 2. | "Sweet Dream" | 1:45 |
| 3. | "Black Dog" | 4:35 |
| 4. | "Fear Keeps Us Alive" | 3:47 |
| 5. | "The Long Room" | 0:28 |
| 6. | "Two Worlds" | 3:57 |
| 7. | "Unstoppable Force" | 4:48 |
| 8. | "This House" | 4:36 |
| 9. | "Author of You" | 4:49 |
| 10. | "Walk Through Walls" | 3:46 |
| 11. | "A Door Opens" | 3:07 |
| Total length: | | 40:49 |

## Charts

Chart performance for *Black Dog*
| Chart (2023) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| UK Album Downloads (OCC) | 28 |

## InfoBox

| Black Dog | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Gazelle Twin | |
| Released | 27 October 2023 (2023-10-27) |
| Length | 40:49 |
| Label | Invada |
| Producer | Gazelle Twin |
| Gazelle Twin chronology | |
| *Deep England*
(2021) ***Black Dog***
(2023) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Black Dog* | |
| 1. "Black Dog"
Released: 4 September 2023 2. "Fear Keeps Us Alive"
Released: 3 October 2023 3. "A Door Opens"
Released: 26 October 2023 | |
|  | |


title: Rodgers Stores

abstract: Rodgers was a chain of five-and-dime stores based in Portland, Oregon, which was in business for 60 years, from 1938 to 1998. The chain's largest store was believed to be the largest independent variety store on the U.S. West Coast at the time of its opening in 1955. It occupied a newly constructed three-story, 100-by-100-foot building in Portland's Hollywood District and replaced two successive previous stores in that area. The company was founded by Kenneth E. Rodgers and his brother, Frederick A. Rodgers, who were its co-owners and presidents until Fred died in 1960 and Kenneth retired in 1972. Regina Rodgers, wife of Frederick Rodgers, continued to operate several stores after his death. Kenneth opened the first store in 1938, added a second store in 1944, and by 1953 he and Frederick had expanded to six locations, all in Portland at that time. Until the late 1950s, the chain was known as Rodgers' 5, 10, and 25 cent stores, or alternatively as Rodgers Five and Ten, before becoming simply Rodgers. The new building that opened in 1955 in the Hollywood District also housed the company's headquarters until the 1980s. A Rodgers store opened in the Cedar Hills Shopping Center, just west of Portland, in 1955, and the chain had eight stores in mid-1961. Over the years, some locations closed while others opened. By 1964, the eight stores in the Portland metropolitan area included ones in Lake Oswego, Oregon, and in central Beaverton. The Beaverton store, which had opened in 1958, closed in 1983. Meanwhile, the Cedar Hills store moved to Cedar Mill, another unincorporated area west of Portland. By the late 1980s, Rodgers was finding it increasingly difficult to remain profitable in the face of competition from larger, national chains, and even variety store chains with nationwide coverage, such as Woolworth's and Newberry's, were succumbing to competition from chains featuring larger stores, such as Wal-Mart and Target. The company closed its Hollywood store and sold the building in 1984. Rodgers' Cedar Mill store closed in 1988, the space being taken over by an expanded Cedar Mill Library. The last three stores in the chain, in Portland's Menlo Park Shopping Center, in the Westmoreland neighborhood, and in Lake Oswego, closed in early 1998.

text:
# Rodgers Stores

**Rodgers** was a chain of five-and-dime stores based in Portland, Oregon, which was in business for 60 years, from 1938 to 1998. The chain's largest store was believed to be the largest independent variety store on the U.S. West Coast at the time of its opening in 1955. It occupied a newly constructed three-story, 100-by-100-foot (30 m × 30 m) building in Portland's Hollywood District and replaced two successive previous stores in that area.

The company was founded by Kenneth E. Rodgers and his brother, Frederick A. Rodgers, who were its co-owners and presidents until Fred died in 1960 and Kenneth retired in 1972. Regina Rodgers, wife of Frederick Rodgers, continued to operate several stores after his death. Kenneth opened the first store in 1938, added a second store in 1944 (in the Hollywood District), and by 1953 he and Frederick had expanded to six locations, all in Portland at that time. Until the late 1950s, the chain was known as **Rodgers' 5, 10, and 25 cent stores**, or alternatively as Rodgers Five and Ten, before becoming simply Rodgers. The new building that opened in 1955 in the Hollywood District also housed the company's headquarters until the 1980s. A Rodgers store opened in the Cedar Hills Shopping Center, just west of Portland, in 1955, and the chain had eight stores in mid-1961. Over the years, some locations closed while others opened. By 1964, the eight stores in the Portland metropolitan area included ones in Lake Oswego, Oregon, and in central Beaverton. The Beaverton store, which had opened in 1958, closed in 1983. Meanwhile, the Cedar Hills store moved to Cedar Mill, another unincorporated area west of Portland.

By the late 1980s, Rodgers was finding it increasingly difficult to remain profitable in the face of competition from larger, national chains, and even variety store chains with nationwide coverage, such as Woolworth's and Newberry's, were succumbing to competition from chains featuring larger stores, such as Wal-Mart and Target. The company closed its Hollywood store and sold the building in 1984. Rodgers' Cedar Mill store closed in 1988, the space being taken over by an expanded Cedar Mill Library. The last three stores in the chain, in Portland's Menlo Park Shopping Center (at NE 122nd & Glisan), in the Westmoreland neighborhood, and in Lake Oswego, closed in early 1998.


title: Rodgersia

abstract: Rodgersia is a genus of flowering plants in the Saxifragaceae family. Rodgersia are herbaceous perennials originating from east Asia.

text:
# Rodgersia

***Rodgersia*** is a genus of flowering plants in the Saxifragaceae family. *Rodgersia* are herbaceous perennials originating from east Asia.

## Taxonomy

The review of the genus by Pan Jin-tang, in 1994 recognises five distinct species.

Jin-tang further described the varieties *R. aesculifolia* var. *aesculifolia*, *R. aesculifolia* var.*henrici* (Franchet) C.Y.Wu, *R. sambucifolia* Hemsl.var. *estrigosa* J.T.Pan, *R. pinnata* Franch.var.*pinnata* and *R. pinnata* var.*strigosa* J.T.Pan. The garden ornamental *Astilboides tabularis* was formerly included in *Rodgersia*.

## History of discovery

The genus was designated by the American taxonomist, A.Gray, in 1885, who named it after the US Admiral, John Rodgers, commander of the expedition in which *R. podophylla* was discovered in the 1850s. By 1871, *R. podophylla* was present in the United States and was flowering in the Imperial Botanical Garden at Saint Petersburg and in 1878, seed brought back to a British nursery, Veitch & Sons, produced flowering plants.

*Rodgersia aesculifolia* was discovered by Father Armand David in 1869.

*Rodgersia pinnata*, was also discovered by Abbé David, in China's Yunnan province, in 1883. It first flowered in the UK in 1902. *R. sambucifolia* was discovered by Ernest Wilson 1904 in Yalung, China.

*Rodgersia nepalensis* was not identified until in 1966 in the UK from a collection by Peter Schilling who made a second collection of seeds of this species . There are distinct differences between the plants raised from these two collections whose numbers are EMAK 713/901 and ED2879.

*Rodgersia henrici* which was initially thought to be an astilbe was collected by Prince Henri d'Orleans in 1895 but this has recently been reduced to a variety of *R. aesculifolia*.

In older literature there is mention of *R. purdomii* named after William Purdom who collected in China in around 1910. The herbarium specimen of a plant raised from that seed, at Kew, identifies it as *R. aesculifolia*.

## Habitat and description

*Rodgersia podophylla* is native to the island of Honshū in Japan and to Korea. All the other species are found in China, Tibet, and Nepal. The geographical ranges of all but *R. nepalensis* overlap each other.

In their native habitats they grow by streams and in shady moist woodland. In cultivation they thrive in soil that never dries out but is not waterlogged. They will grow in sun under these conditions in good humus rich soil but they are susceptible to sun- and wind-scorch. They are hardy down to Zone 5 but their new growths in the spring can be damaged by late frosts.

The thick rhizomes spread just under surface of the soil. Three of the species are clump forming, whereas *R. nepalensis* and some forms of *R. podophylla* can cover large areas quite quickly once they are established.

The strong leaf stems grow to an average height of about one metre but this depends on the variety and growing conditions. The spread of the compound leaves, especially of *R. podophylla*, can also be up to one metre making them architectural plants in cultivation. The flowering stems rise above the foliage and the panicles of flowers, although lacking true petals, are spectacular and colourful being white, cream, pink or red except in *R. nepalensis* which are greeny yellow.

The leaves of many varieties are attractive in the Spring when, grown in good light, they have a bronze or copper hue. This is especially beautiful in the Purdomi group of *R. aesculifolia* which keep a metallic sheen into early summer. In the autumn(fall), the leaves turn attractive shades of coppery-brown. The seed heads are also attractive, those of many *R. pinnata* are claret coloured which deepens as winter progresses.

## Species

### *Rodgersia podophylla*

The leaves of *R. podophylla*, Gray (diploid 2n=30) are palmate. The individual leaflets, from 5 to 7 in number, have between 3 and 5 drip tips at their angular apices. The leaflets resemble a duck's webbed foot and this is sufficient to identify *R. podophylla* from all the other species. There are two forms of *R. podophylla*, one which has tough leathery leaves which are often bronze in the spring and autumn, and a thinner leaved form which remains a light green colour. *R. podophylla* is often very shy at flowering, but can cover large areas by means of its spreading rhizomes. The flowers are white, the sepals ageing to green as do the ovaries.

### *Rodgersia aesculifolia*

In *R. aesculifolia*, Batalin (tetraploid 2n=60") the leaves are symmetrically palmate radiating from a central point most often without petioles.They are obvate with acute apices and coarsely serrated. Recently, *R. aesculifolia* (chestnut-leaved) has been divided into three distinct taxa.

1. White flowered.
This has small flowers, 2 - 8mm in diameter. The green, white or yellowish buds open to white flowers that go green with age. It has green leaves throughout the growing season and airy inflorescences with curled flower clusters.
2. Purdomii taxon.
This also has small flowers 2 - 8mm in diameter but the flower buds are pink opening to sepals tinged or tipped pink turning white, the flowers ageing green. The young leaves are copper or bronze in colour and the older leaves retain a metallic shean. The inflorescences have an airy appearance as in taxon 1.
3. Henrici taxon.
This has large flowers 8 - 18mm in diameter, a major difference with the other two taxa. The bright pink sepals and ovaries get progressively deeper in colour as they age and remain claret-coloured through autumn. The inflorescences have nothing "airy" about them but are solid-looking, broad based with flower clusters that have almost flat tops with their undersides clearly visible when viewed from the side. They form tiers as in a multiple wedding cake and the flowers are closely packed along the pedicels. The texture of the leaf surface of var. *henrici* is firm and there is no tendency to deflect downwards from the mid-vein or at the apex, as in the soft-textured var. *aesculifolia*.

All the veins in var. *henrici* are sunken, giving the top surface of the leaflets a quilted effect and on the underside, all the veins are prominent. The leaflets of var.*aesculifolia* have an almost smooth upper surface and only the main veins are prominent on the underside. The normal number of leaflets for var. *henrici* is 7 - 9 ; for var. *aesculifolia* it is 6 - 7.Pan (1994) provides a key that separates *R.aesculifolia* var. *aesculifolia* from var. *henrici*. This key states that var. *henrici* has more glandular hairs on the ventral surface of its sepals than var. *aesculifolia* and that the arcuate (curved) sepal veins meet at the tips whereas they do not in var. *aesculifolia* .

From a gardener's point of view, the general differences in the non-microscopic features of the plants are sufficiently diagnostic.

### *Rodgersia sambucifolia*

*Rodgersia sambucifolia*, Hemsley (tetraploid 2n=60) The leaves are pinnate and remain green throughout their life. The number of pairs of leaflets varies with the age of the plant and habitat. It is the smallest, in stature, of all of the species having foliage and flower spikes around 500mm tall. The small white flowers rapidly age to browny green. The two varieties established by Pan are distinguished by microscopic features. (Sambucifolia; having leaves like *Sambucus*, the Elder tree)

### *Rodgersia pinnata*

*Rodgersia pinnata*, Franchet (tetraploid 2n=60) has the most diverse leaf form of any of the *Rodgersia* and this leads to mis-identification and mis-labelling in horticulture. Rarely are the leaflets arranged in true pinnate form with evenly spaced leaflets. They vary from pseudo-pinnate, when the leaflets can be bunched 2 to 5 at the petiole and 3 at the apex with varying numbers of pairs of leaflets between with varying lengths of rachis, to plants where the rachis is so compressed as to need very close inspection to ascertain that it is not palmate. The size of the individual obovate-lanceolate leaflets ranges from 20mm long x 10mm wide to double those measurements depending on variety and growing conditions. The height of the leaves may exceed one metre and that of the inflorescence, one and a half metres. The flowers can be white, palest pink to deep claret colour and the subsequent seeds heads range from green through to deep mahogany. There are many cultivars, *R. pinnata* is very variable in all its aspects and readily hybridises with both *R. podophylla* and *R. aesculifolia*. As with *R. sambucifolia*, the two varieties established by Pan are distinguished by microscopic features.

### *Rodgersia nepalensis*

**Rodgersia nepalensis**, T.A.Cope ex Cullen has a truly pinnate leaf, blue-green in EMAK 713, yellowy-green in ED2879. The individual leaflet are about 15mm long and 5mm wide with markedly serrated edges, tipped red brown in EMAK, yellow in ED. The sepals of EMAK are pale green, those of ED pale yellow. The flower colour distinguishes *R.nepalensis* from all other *Rodgersia*

## InfoBox

| *Rodgersia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Rodgersia podophylla* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Saxifragales |
| Family: | Saxifragaceae |
| Genus: | *Rodgersia*
A.Gray |
|
| Type species | |
| *Rodgersia podophylla*
A.Gray | |
| Species | |
| See text | |


title: Rodgersia aesculifolia

abstract: Rodgersia aesculifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae, native to northern China. It is a substantial, herbaceous perennial growing to 2 m (7 ft) tall by 1 m (3 ft) broad, with textured palmate leaves up to 25 cm (10 in) long, and 60 cm (24 in) erect panicles made up of tiny, star-shaped white or pink flowers in summer. The leaves resemble those of the horse chestnut, hence the specific epithet aesculifolia (chestnut-leaved). This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

text:
# Rodgersia aesculifolia

***Rodgersia aesculifolia*** is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae, native to northern China. It is a substantial, herbaceous perennial growing to 2 m (7 ft) tall by 1 m (3 ft) broad, with textured palmate leaves up to 25 cm (10 in) long, and 60 cm (24 in) erect panicles made up of tiny, star-shaped white or pink flowers in summer. The leaves resemble those of the horse chestnut, hence the specific epithet *aesculifolia* (chestnut-leaved).

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

## InfoBox

| *Rodgersia aesculifolia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Saxifragales |
| Family: | Saxifragaceae |
| Genus: | *Rodgersia* |
| Species: | ***R. aesculifolia*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Rodgersia aesculifolia***<br>Batalin | |
|


title: Birma Seamount

abstract: Birma Seamount, also known as Birma Knoll, is a undersea mountain in the North Atlantic Ocean, located about 650 km (400 mi) south of Cape Race in Canadian waters off Atlantic Canada. It has a height of over 1,800 m (5,900 ft), making Birma the tallest of the Fogo Seamounts. Its areal extent of 733 km⁲ (283 sq mi) is smaller than the Albertan city of Calgary. To the west, Birma Seamount is bounded by Algerine Seamount. Birma Seamount is named after the SS Birma, a Russian steamship that responded to the RMS Titanic's distress signal following her collision with an iceberg on 15 April 1912.

text:
# Birma Seamount

**Birma Seamount**, also known as **Birma Knoll**, is a undersea mountain in the North Atlantic Ocean, located about 650 km (400 mi) south of Cape Race in Canadian waters off Atlantic Canada. It has a height of over 1,800 m (5,900 ft), making Birma the tallest of the Fogo Seamounts. Its areal extent of 733 km2 (283 sq mi) is smaller than the Albertan city of Calgary. To the west, Birma Seamount is bounded by Algerine Seamount.

Birma Seamount is named after the SS *Birma*, a Russian steamship that responded to the RMS *Titanic*'s distress signal following her collision with an iceberg on 15 April 1912.

## InfoBox

| Birma Seamount | |
| --- | --- |
| North Atlantic Ocean, 650 km (400 mi) south of Cape Race | |
| Location | |
| Location | North Atlantic Ocean, 650 km (400 mi) south of Cape Race |
| Group | Fogo Seamounts |
| Coordinates | 40°52′N 52°04′W / 40.867°N 52.067°W / 40.867; -52.067 |
| Country | Canada |
| Geology | |
| Type | Submarine volcano |
| Age of rock | Early Cretaceous |


title: Rodney Erickson

abstract: Rodney Allen Erickson is an American academic administrator who served as the 17th president of Pennsylvania State University from 2011 to 2014. Formerly executive vice president and provost, he was named interim president of Penn State on November 9, 2011, after previous president Graham Spanier was forced to resign in the wake of the Penn State sex abuse scandal, after which the "interim" tag was removed later that month. The Food Science Building at Penn State, which houses the Berkey Creamery, is named after Erickson.

text:
# Rodney Erickson

**Rodney Allen Erickson** (born 1946) is an American academic administrator who served as the 17th president of Pennsylvania State University from 2011 to 2014. Formerly executive vice president and provost (chief academic officer), he was named interim president of Penn State on November 9, 2011, after previous president Graham Spanier was forced to resign in the wake of the Penn State sex abuse scandal, after which the "interim" tag was removed later that month. The Food Science Building at Penn State, which houses the Berkey Creamery, is named after Erickson.

## Education and career

Erickson graduated from the University of Minnesota, where he also earned his master's degree. He earned a Ph.D. in geography from the University of Washington in 1973. After a brief tenure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, he came to Penn State as an assistant professor of geography and business administration. He was promoted to full professor in 1984. He has been part of the Penn State administration since 1995, when he was promoted to dean of the graduate school; in 1997 he was named vice president for research. He was promoted to provost and executive vice president in July 1999.

When Erickson became interim president, initial plans called for him to stay on only until a permanent successor could be found. However, on November 17, 2011, the Board of Trustees removed the "interim" tag from Erickson's title and formally named him as Penn State's president. It is very unusual for American universities, especially major research universities like Penn State, to promote someone to the presidency from within. However, several trustees felt that given the gravity of the sex abuse scandal, Erickson would provide a measure of stability. Additionally, University of Virginia economist David Breneman believed it unlikely "anybody worth getting" would even consider the post if Penn State mounted a national search. Terry Hartles of the American Council of Education believed that the move was necessary as the institution needed "stable, effective leadership" and not a year-long search for a successor. Erickson received support from trustees of the university, who complimented his knowledge of academic administration and openness.

On January 10, 2012, Erickson announced that he would retire in June 2014 at the latest. A search for a successor ensued and on February 17, 2014, Eric J. Barron was announced as Penn State's next president. Erickson's last official duty as university president was presiding over the class of 2014 commencement, after which Barron assumed office as scheduled following Erickson's departure on May 12, 2014.

1. American Economic Association (1974). *Directory of Members*. American Economic Association.
2. Joe Paterno, Graham Spanier removed. ESPN, November 9, 2011.
3. McGill, Andrew; Assad, Matt; Sheehan, Daniel Patrick (November 10, 2011). "Penn State President Graham Spanier Resigns in Wake of Scandal". *The Morning Call*. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
4. "Trustees Dedicate Food Science Building to Rodney Erickson". *Onward State*. 2014-05-09. Retrieved 2021-05-07.
5. "Rodney Erickson". Pennsylvania State University. Archived from the original on October 16, 2013.
6. Frantz, Jeff. Is Rodney Erickson Penn State president by choice, or necessity? The Patriot-News, November 18, 2011.
7. AP, Penn State's Erickson to step down in 2014
8. "Penn State names Eric J. Barron president". Penn State University. Retrieved February 17, 2014.

## InfoBox

| Rodney A. Erickson | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 17th President of the Pennsylvania State University | |
| **In office**
November 17, 2011  May 12, 2014
**Interim**
November 9, 2011 – November 17, 2011 | |
| Preceded by | Graham Spanier |
| Succeeded by | Eric J. Barron |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1946 (age 7778)
Frederic, Wisconsin, US |
| Alma mater | University of Minnesota (B.S./M.S.)
University of Washington (Ph.D.) |
| Profession | Academic administrator |
|  | |


title: Rogers House (Daytona Beach, Florida)

abstract: The Rogers House is a historic home in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States. It is located at 436 North Beach Street. On September 11, 1986, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

text:
# Rogers House (Daytona Beach, Florida)

The **Rogers House** is a historic home in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States. It is located at 436 North Beach Street. On September 11, 1986, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Rogers House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 436 N. Beach St., Daytona Beach, Florida |
| Coordinates | 29°13′9″N 81°0′50″W / 29.21917°N 81.01389°W / 29.21917; -81.01389 |
| Built | 1878 |
| Architect | Rogers, D.D. |
| Architectural style | Queen Anne |
| NRHP reference No. | 86002407 |
| Added to NRHP | September 11, 1986 |


title: Pål Arne Fagernes

abstract: Pål Arne Fagernes was a Norwegian javelin thrower. He represented Asker SK and IK Tjalve during his active career. As a junior, Fagernes competed on top national level in cycling, athletics, and cross country skiing, before deciding to focus on javelin. He made his international athletics debut at the 1994 European Cup, and competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics, 1997 World Championships and 1998 European Championships without reaching the final rounds. Competing for the Arizona State Sun Devils track and field team, he won the 1996 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships. His international breakthrough came at the 1999 World Championships in Seville, where he finished fourth with a Norwegian record throw of 86.24 metres. At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney he established a Norwegian record of 86.74 metres in the qualifying round. In the final he threw 83.04 metres to finish ninth. His 86.74 m throw remained his career best. His first medal at the Norwegian championships was a silver medal in 1994. He became Norwegian champion in 1996, 1998, 1999 and 2002. In 2002 Fagernes decided to take up boxing. He boxed one professional boxing match in the heavyweight class in 2003, which he beat his opponent Peter Simko on technical knockout after 25 seconds. Over the years Fagernes' sporting career became tainted by personal problems. In 2000 he was sentenced to 18 days in prison for letting an intoxicated person drive his car. In 2001, shortly after withdrawing from the 2001 World Championships for disciplinary reasons, he was caught using cocaine in a police razzia. He was, however, cleared of doping charges. In April 2003 he was charged with property damage after walking on a car roof in Oslo. Fagernes died in a car accident on the European route E6 north of Moss in August 2003, when his car collided with a lorry. His Norwegian record would remain until June 2005, when it was improved to 86.82 metres by reigning Olympic champion Andreas Thorkildsen. Thorkildsen would later improve the record further.

text:
# Pål Arne Fagernes

**Pål Arne Fagernes** (8 June 1974 – 4 August 2003) was a Norwegian javelin thrower. He represented Asker SK and IK Tjalve during his active career.

As a junior, Fagernes competed on top national level in cycling, athletics, and cross country skiing, before deciding to focus on javelin.

He made his international athletics debut at the 1994 European Cup, and competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics, 1997 World Championships and 1998 European Championships without reaching the final rounds. Competing for the Arizona State Sun Devils track and field team, he won the 1996 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

His international breakthrough came at the 1999 World Championships in Seville, where he finished fourth with a Norwegian record throw of 86.24 metres. At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney he established a Norwegian record of 86.74 metres in the qualifying round. In the final he threw 83.04 metres to finish ninth. His 86.74 m throw remained his career best.

His first medal at the Norwegian championships was a silver medal in 1994. He became Norwegian champion in 1996, 1998, 1999 and 2002. In 2002 Fagernes decided to take up boxing. He boxed one professional boxing match in the heavyweight class in 2003, which he beat his opponent Peter Simko on technical knockout after 25 seconds.

Over the years Fagernes' sporting career became tainted by personal problems. In 2000 he was sentenced to 18 days in prison for letting an intoxicated person drive his car. In 2001, shortly after withdrawing from the 2001 World Championships for disciplinary reasons, he was caught using cocaine in a police razzia. He was, however, cleared of doping charges. In April 2003 he was charged with property damage after walking on a car roof in Oslo.

Fagernes died in a car accident on the European route E6 north of Moss in August 2003, when his car collided with a lorry. His Norwegian record would remain until June 2005, when it was improved to 86.82 metres by reigning Olympic champion Andreas Thorkildsen. Thorkildsen would later improve the record further.

## Seasonal bests by year

* 1994 - 74.10
* 1995 - 77.46
* 1996 - 85.06
* 1997 - 82.80
* 1998 - 84.46
* 1999 - 86.24
* 2000 - **86.74**
* 2001 - 84.30
* 2002 - 81.25
* 2003 - 74.82

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, Georgia, United States | 13th | 79.78 m |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 20th | 75.66 m |
| 1998 | European Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 16th | 77.54 m |
| 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | 4th | 86.24 m |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | 9th | 83.04 m |

## InfoBox

Pål Arne Fagernes
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Norwegian |
| Born | (1974-06-08)8 June 1974
Asker, Norway |
| Died | 4 August 2003(2003-08-04) (aged 29)
Moss, Norway |
| Sport | |
| Country | Norway |
| Sport | Track and field, Boxing |
| Event | Javelin throw |
| Club | Asker SK, IK Tjalve |
| Achievements and titles | |
| Personal best | Javelin throw: 86.74 m |


title: SIIMA Award for Best Film – Kannada

abstract: The SIIMA Award for Best Film – Kannada is presented by Vibri media group as part of its annual South Indian International Movie Awards for Kannada films. The award was first given in 2012 for films released in 2011.

text:
# SIIMA Award for Best Film – Kannada

The **SIIMA Award for Best Film – Kannada** is presented by Vibri media group as part of its annual South Indian International Movie Awards for Kannada films. The award was first given in 2012 for films released in 2011.

## Winners

| Year | Film | Studio | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | *Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana* | Lighter Buddha Productions |  |
| 2020 | *Love Mocktail* | Krishna Talkies |  |
| 2019 | *Yajamana* | Media House Studio |  |
| 2018 | *K.G.F: Chapter 1* | Hombale Films |  |
| 2017 | *Raajakumara* | Hombale Films |  |
| 2016 | *Kirik Party* | Paramvah Studios<br>Pushkar Films |  |
| 2015 | *Mythri* | Omkar Movies |  |
| 2014 | *Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari* | Jayanna Combines |  |
| 2013 | *Myna* | Omkar Movies |  |
| 2012 | *Katari Veera Surasundarangi* | Munirathna |  |
| 2011 | *Saarathi* | K. V. Satya Prakash |  |

## Nominations

1. "Awards 2022 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
2. "Awards 2021 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
3. "Awards 2020 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
4. "Awards 2019 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
5. "Awards 2018 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
6. "Awards 2017 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
7. "Awards 2016 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
8. "Awards 2015 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
9. "Awards 2014 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
10. "Awards 2013 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
11. "Awards 2012 – SIIMA". Retrieved 5 September 2022.

## InfoBox

| SIIMA Award for Best Film - Kannada | |
| --- | --- |
| Awarded for | Best Film in Kannada language |
| Country | India |
| Presented by | "Vibri Media Group" |
| Established | 2012 |
| First awarded | 2012 |
| Currently held by | *Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana* (2021) |
| Total | 10 *(as of 2022)* |
| Website | SIIMA Kannada |
| Television/radio coverage | |
| Produced by | *Vibri Media Group* |


title: Burnettia

abstract: Burnettia cuneata, commonly known as the lizard orchid, is the only species of the flowering plant genus Burnettia in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is a leafless terrestrial, mycotrophic herb with one or two leaf-like bracts and up to seven flowers that are brownish on the back and pink or white inside. It is endemic to southeastern Australia where it grows in dense thickets in swamps.

text:
# Burnettia

***Burnettia cuneata***, commonly known as the **lizard orchid**, is the only species of the flowering plant genus *Burnettia* in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is a leafless terrestrial, mycotrophic herb with one or two leaf-like bracts and up to seven flowers that are brownish on the back and pink or white inside. It is endemic to southeastern Australia where it grows in dense thickets in swamps.

## Description

*Burnettia cuneata* is a leafless, mycotrophic herb with a single leaf-like, lance-shaped to egg-shaped bract 10–20 mm (0.4–0.8 in) long and 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide near its base. The fleshy, dark purplish brown flowering stem is 30–130 mm (1–5 in) high and bears up to seven flowers. The flowers are 10–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long, 20–25 mm (0.8–1 in) wide, brownish on the back and pink or white inside. The sepals and petals are lance-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 10–130 mm (0.4–5 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide with the dorsal sepal forming a hood over the column. The labellum has dark red stripes and is wedge-shaped, 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long with two longitudinal ridges along its midline. Flowering occurs between September and December but nearly always only after fires the previous summer.

## Taxonomy and naming

*Burnettia cuneata* was first formally described in 1840 by John Lindley from a specimen collected in Tasmania and the description was published in his book *The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants*. The specific epithet (*cuneata*) is a Latin word meaning "wedge-shaped".

## Distribution and habitat

The lizard orchid grows in dense thickets of *Melaleuca* and *Leptospermum* in near coastal swamps in New South Wales, Tasmania and Victoria. In New South Wales it occurs south from the Blue Mountains and in Victoria between Portland and Mallacoota with a disjunct population in the Grampians.

Media related to *Burnettia* at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Lizard orchid | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Subtribe: | Megastylidinae |
| Genus: | *Burnettia*
Lindl. |
| Species: | ***B. cuneata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Burnettia cuneata***
Lindl. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: Corluddy Castle

abstract: Corluddy Castle is located in County Kilkenny close to the village of Carrigeen. According to O'Kelly, it is "5-storey high. Its roofless, but in a good state of preservation, the bottom arch showing traces of osier-rod work. It is on an open hillside east of the village and belonged to the Grants until confiscated during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. Peter Grant, chief of the family, died 1510 and is buried in St. Canice's Cathedral."

text:
# Corluddy Castle

**Corluddy Castle** is located in County Kilkenny close to the village of Carrigeen.

According to O'Kelly, it is "5-storey high. Its roofless, but in a good state of preservation, the bottom arch showing traces of osier-rod work. It is on an open hillside east of the village and belonged to the Grants until confiscated during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. Peter Grant, chief of the family, died 1510 and is buried in St. Canice's Cathedral."

52°15′55″N 7°12′23″W / 52.26515°N 7.20640°W / 52.26515; -7.20640


title: Garlic ice cream

abstract: Garlic ice cream is a flavour of ice cream consisting mainly of vanilla, or honey, and cream as a base, to which garlic is added. It has been featured at many garlic festivals, including the Gilroy Garlic Festival in Gilroy, California.

text:
# Garlic ice cream

**Garlic ice cream** is a flavour of ice cream consisting mainly of vanilla, or honey, and cream as a base, to which garlic is added. It has been featured at many garlic festivals, including the Gilroy Garlic Festival in Gilroy, California.

## Preparation and description

According to a recipe by the San Francisco-based restaurant, The Stinking Rose, which is well known for including garlic in all of its dishes, garlic ice cream is basically vanilla ice cream with some garlic. The Scandinavian Garlic & Shots, which is based in Södermalm, serves garlic ice cream which is essentially a combination of honey flavoured ice cream and garlic. Garlic ice cream is savoury in taste.

## Reception

Tasters of garlic ice cream at the 2012 North Quabbin Garlic and Arts Festival had positive feedback for the ice cream flavour, with one of them commenting that it "is really creamy, subtle flavors, but you can taste the garlic".

## Notable use

Garlic ice cream has been a featured dish at several garlic conventions. Examples include the 1986 Ithaca Garlic Festival in Ithaca, New York and the Gilroy Garlic Festival, which has included garlic ice cream as one of its featured garlic dishes a handful of times, including in 2000 and 2005. It has also been showcased at the 2011 Toronto Garlic Festival in Toronto, Canada and the 2012 North Quabbin Garlic and Arts Festival at Forster's Farm in Orange, Massachusetts.

Garlic ice cream is a food item on The Stinking Rose's food menu. The ice cream flavour is treated as a "sauce" to accompany food items like steak, although it can also be consumed as a dessert item.

## Further reading


title: Ester de Lemos

abstract: Ester de Lemos, sometimes written as Esther, is a university professor, translator and Portuguese writer. A supporter of the Estado Novo regime, she was a member of the National Assembly of Portugal between 1965 and 1969.

text:
# Ester de Lemos

**Ester de Lemos**, sometimes written as Esther, (born 1929) is a university professor, translator and Portuguese writer. A supporter of the *Estado Novo* regime, she was a member of the National Assembly of Portugal between 1965 and 1969.

## Early life

Maria Esther Guerne Garcia de Lemos Trigueiros de Martel was born in the parish of Carvalhal in Bombarral in the District of Leiria in central Portugal on 2 November 1929. She was the seventh and last daughter of Ester Guerne and Jaime Garcia de Lemos, who had fought in World War I. She graduated in Romanic Philology from the University of Lisbon in 1952. From 1954 she worked on radio programmes on literary topics. Between 1957 and 1963 she was an assistant professor at the Faculty of Arts at the University of Lisbon. In 1963, she interrupted her teaching to work on a doctorate, but fell out with her supervisor, Jacinto Prado Coelho, who was president of the Portuguese Society of Writers, and did not complete the thesis. She then worked as a linguistic consultant, resuming teaching in 1971. Following the overthrow of the *Estado Novo* in 1974, she lost her job at the University of Lisbon. She then became a secondary school teacher. She taught at the Higher Institute of New Professions in Lisbon from 1990.

## Political career

Lemos was a convinced Catholic and a strong supporter of the *Estado Novo*. She was included on the regime's list of candidates for the 1965 election, which assured automatic election. During her term in the National Assembly, she was on committees concerned with education, popular culture and spiritual and moral interests.

In addition to contributing to magazines for very young children, she also wrote for the magazine published by the *Mocidade Portuguesa Feminina*, the organization of the *Estado Novo* established for girls, for which membership was compulsory. She also collaborated with the neofascist magazine *Tempo Presente*.

## Writing and translation

In her research Lemos paid particular attention to the works of the Portuguese writers Camilo Castelo Branco and José Maria de Eça de Queirós and wrote prefaces to editions of their work. She translated, and wrote books about Giovanni Boccaccio and Francesco Petrarch and others. She also wrote novels and children's stories. For her novel, *Companheiros*, she was awarded in 1960 the Eça de Queirós prize by the *Secretariado Nacional de Informação*, the propaganda arm of the *Estado Novo*.

## Publications

Publications written by Lemos include:

* *D. Maria II: a rainha e a mulher* (D. Maria II: the queen and mother)
* *A borboleta sem asas* (The wingless butterfly), 1958
* *Na aurora da nossa poesia* (On the dawn of our poetry), 1950s
* *Companheiros* (Companions), 1962
* *A Rainha de Babilónia* (The Queen of Babylon). Children's stories, 1962
* *A literatura infantil em Portugal* (Children's literature in Portugal), 1972
* *Boccaccio*, 1972
* *Petrarca*, 1972
* *Camões*, 1972
* *Rapariga* (Girl), 1985
* *Picapau: O balão cor de laranja e outras histórias* (The orange balloon and other stories), 1986
* *Terra de ninguém: contos* (Land of no one: stories), 1994
* *Mesmo Bom para Ler na Páscoa* (Really good to read at Easter), Children's, 2019

## InfoBox

| Ester de Lemos | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Maria Esther Guerne Garcia de Lemos
2 November 1929
Bombarral, Portugal |
| Occupation(s) | Teacher, writer and translator |
| Years active | 65 |
| Known for | Member of the National Assembly of Portugal during the Estado Novo era |


title: Eichberg (grand cru)

abstract: Alsace Grand Cru Eichberg is a French white wine produced in the  Haut-Rhin department, in Alsace. On the Alsace Wine Route, Eichberg is located six kilometres southwest of Colmar. In terms of the Alsace vineyards it lies between Pfersigberg to the north and Hatschbourg to the south. It is one of the fifty-one grands crus of the Alsace region, each enjoying its own appellation but sharing the same Alsace Grand Cru specifications.

text:
# Eichberg (grand cru)

Alsace Grand Cru Eichberg is a French white wine produced in the Haut-Rhin *department*, in Alsace. On the Alsace Wine Route, Eichberg is located six kilometres southwest of Colmar. In terms of the Alsace vineyards it lies between Pfersigberg to the north and Hatschbourg to the south. It is one of the fifty-one grands crus of the Alsace region, each enjoying its own appellation but sharing the same Alsace Grand Cru specifications (with more stringent constraints than for the Alsace appellation in general).

## History

In 1983, Eichberg was one of the twenty-four lieux-dits selected to become the geographical names of the Alsace Grand Cru appellation.

There have been some changes since then: the decree of 1 March 1984 regulates the terms *vendanges tardives* and *sélection de grains nobles* within the appellation and the decree of 24 January 2001 reduces yields and offers the option of modifying the specifications of each denomination (each vintage) after consulting the local wine syndicate.

In October 2011, all the grands crus of Alsace went from the status of geographical denominations within the same appellation to that of separate appellations sharing the same specifications.

Eichberg remains a "lesser-known" cru but its quality is very high and has been recognised as such since the Middle Ages. It is noted to be full-bodied and long-lived.

## Etymology

In German the word Eiche means “oak tree”, and Berg means “mountain”. Eichberg can thus be translated as “Oak Mountain”.

## Geology

The area has a mixed origin of marl and calcareous stones as well as silica. The marl dates from the Oligocene period.

## Climatology

To the west, the Vosges protect the hillside from wind and rain. The prevailing westerly winds lose their moisture on the western slopes of the Vosges and reach Alsace in the form of foehn winds, dry and warm. Precipitation is therefore particularly low.

As a result, the climate is much drier (Colmar is the driest station in France) and a little warmer (with an average annual temperature 1.5 °C higher) than would be expected at this latitude. The climate is continental and dry with warm springs, dry and sunny summers, long autumns and cold winters.

The vineyard plots are located on the flank of a hill, divided into two regions. The northern part is located south of Eguisheim, between 220 and 260 metres in altitude, on gentle hills exposed to the south. The second part is a little to the south, just east of the village of Husseren-les-Châteaux. The planted area is 57.62 hectares.

## Climate

The appellation shares features with Alsace in general, namely the protection from wind and rain provided by the Vosges mountains. The winds lose their humidity as they pass eastward over the hills, with dry and warm Foehn wind passing over the vignoble, leading to very low rainfall.

The nearest meteorological station to Kintzheim is the Entzheim station. Values between 1961 and 1990 are as follows:

|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C | 3.5 | 5.8 | 10.4 | 14.6 | 19 | 22.2 | 24.7 | 24.2 | 20.8 | 14.7 | 8.2 | 4.5 | 14.4 |
| Daily mean °C | 0.9 | 2.5 | 6 | 9.6 | 13.8 | 17 | 19.1 | 18.6 | 15.5 | 10.6 | 5.2 | 1.9 | 19.1 |
| Mean daily minimum °C | −1.7 | −0.9 | 1.6 | 4.6 | 8.6 | 11.7 | 13.4 | 13.1 | 10.3 | 6.5 | 2.1 | −0.7 | 5.7 |
| Average precipitation mm | 33.1 | 34.3 | 36.6 | 48 | 74.5 | 74.6 | 56.8 | 67.8 | 55.5 | 43 | 46.6 | 39.9 | 610.5 |
| Mean daily maximum °F | 38.3 | 42.4 | 50.7 | 58.3 | 66 | 72.0 | 76.5 | 75.6 | 69.4 | 58.5 | 46.8 | 40.1 | 57.9 |
| Daily mean °F | 33.6 | 36.5 | 43 | 49.3 | 56.8 | 63 | 66.4 | 65.5 | 59.9 | 51.1 | 41.4 | 35.4 | 66.4 |
| Mean daily minimum °F | 28.9 | 30.4 | 34.9 | 40.3 | 47.5 | 53.1 | 56.1 | 55.6 | 50.5 | 43.7 | 35.8 | 30.7 | 42.3 |
| Average precipitation inches | 1.30 | 1.35 | 1.44 | 1.9 | 2.93 | 2.94 | 2.24 | 2.67 | 2.19 | 1.7 | 1.83 | 1.57 | 24.04 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 42 | 78 | 122 | 161 | 197 | 212 | 240 | 215 | 168 | 101 | 58 | 43 | 1,637 |
| Source: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Grape varieties

Wines corresponding to the Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée Alsace Grand Cru followed by the geographical name (place name) Altenberg de Bergheim must be produced with the following grape varieties, either as a single variety or as a blend: Riesling, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer or one of the Muscats (Muscat Ottonel, Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains, or Muscat Rose à Petits Grains).

Eichberg is particularly known for Riesling, Gewurztraminer and Alsace Pinot Gris.

Gewurztraminer (meaning "aromatic traminer" in German) is the most cultivated grape variety on the Altenberg. It is a pink grape variety with orange or purple berries. This close relative of Savagnin and Savagnin Rose (called Klevener de Heiligenstein in Alsace) is rather vigorous, produces large yields and gives better results on marl or limestone soils than on granite or schist soils.

Riesling is not widely grown in Altenberg def Bergheim, but it *is* dominant in the blends (the grape variety limits mean between 50 and 70% of the surface area of the plots dedicated to the blends). It is a grape variety with late budburst and late ripening, requiring hillsides well exposed to the sun, whose harvests can take place around mid-October. On the other hand, it resists winter frosts well.

Pinot Gris (called Grauburgunder, "Gray Burgundian" in German, "Malvoisie" in Valais or Pinot Grigio in Italy) is a fragile grape variety and ripens quite early. It comes from a mutation of Pinot Noir and is therefore of Burgundian origin, where it is called "Pinot Beurot". It gives better results on soils composed of limestone gravel provided they are well drained thanks to a hillside exposure.

Muscats are rarely grown, either in the entire Alsace vineyard or in plots classified as Grands Crus. Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains, also called "Muscat d'Alsace", is originally from Greece; it has been grown in Alsace since at least the beginning of the 16th century. It is rather early. Muscat Ottonel is more recent, discovered in the 19th century in the Loire Valley before arriving in Alsace in the middle of the century. Ottonel is a hybrid of Chasselas, so it ripens even earlier than Muscat d'Alsace.

## Cultivation practices

The vines are trained high to protect them from frost, with the foliage espaliered; the height of the trellised foliage cannot be less than 0.675 times the spacing between the rows. The pruning of the vine must be done in single or double guyot with a maximum of ten buds per square meter of ground surface for the Gewurztraminer grape variety and eight buds per square meter of ground surface for the other grape varieties.

The average maximum load per plot is set at 10,000 kilograms of grapes per hectare.

## Yields

The yield limit for the entire Alsace Grand Cru appellation is set at 55 hectoliters per hectare, with a maximum yield of 66 hectoliters per hectare which is much lower than the 80 hectoliters authorized by the Alsace appellation. Bergheim winegrowers have set a stricter maximum yield since 1995, through a quality charter common to wo Bergheim crus (Altenberg and Kanzlerberg): 50 hectoliters per hectare. The actual yield of the entire appellation (the 51 Alsatian crus) was 50 hectoliters per hectare on average for the year 2009. Although this is well below the average yields of the Alsace vineyard, it is a yield within the French average.

The grands crus of Alsace must be harvested by hand.

## Wines

### Alcoholic strengths

The grapes harvested must have a minimum average natural alcoholic strength by volume of 12.5% for the Pinot Gris and Gewurztraminer grape varieties and 11% for Riesling and the Muscats. Wines from a blend have a minimum average natural alcoholic strength by volume of 12%.

Any single batch of grape harvests with a sugar content of less than 193 grams per litre of must for the Pinot Gris and Gewurztraminer grape varieties and 168 grams per litre of must for the other grape varieties are not considered to be at good maturity. When authorisation for chaptalisation (enrichment with sugar for fermentation) is granted, the increase in the minimum average natural alcoholic strength by volume cannot exceed 1.5% vol. On the advice of the union of producers of the vintage, the regional committee of experts of Alsace wines can propose annually to the national committee of wines and spirits of the National Institute of Appellations of Origin, for the name and for each grape variety, a minimum average natural alcoholic strength higher and a sugar content of the unit batches higher than those mentioned above, as well as a maximum chaptalization lower than the rate mentioned above.

## *Vendanges tardives* and *selections des grains nobles*

*Vendanges tardives* wines (Late harvest wines) refer to wines made from grapes whose harvest has been delayed to allow them to overripen, resulting in wines rich in sugar and alcohol, with more powerful and often mellow tastes. According to the law, the must must have at least 243 grams of sugar per litre if it is Gewurztraminer or Pinot Gris (or 14.4% of potential alcohol), or at least 220 grams of sugar per liter if it is Riesling or Muscat (or 13.1% of potential alcohol); no chaptalization is allowed. As for *selection des grains nobles*, this is a wine made from grapes harvested by successive selective sorting of the grains affected by noble rot (the fungus Botrytis cinerea), which gives even more concentrated, sweeter wines.

## Vinification and aging

The grands crus of Alsace must be harvested manually. On the day of the harvest, upon arrival at the winery, the grapes are crushed and pressed to separate the must from the grape pomace. For this work, *pneumatic presses* are gradually replacing horizontal presses with plates. Then the pomace is put into a vat for settling, which is the drawing off of the juice without the lees, either by filtering or by decanting while waiting for them to settle at the bottom of the vat.

Alcoholic fermentation begins under the action of indigenous yeasts or selected yeasts introduced during the yeasting: this operation transforms the sugar in the grapes into alcohol. Controlling the fermentation temperature using a refrigeration system allows the aromatic potential of the product to be expressed. Once fermentation is complete after a month, the wine is drawn off to remove the lees. Malolactic fermentation is generally not carried out, blocked by sulfiding to preserve the acidity of the wine. The latter can be stored in vats to prepare it for bottling or aged in oak barrels or tuns.

## Bottling

Alsace wines must be bottled only in flutes, i.e. bottles of the "Rhine wine" type of 75 centiliters, regulated by several decrees.

## Labelling

Throughout the Alsace vineyards, wines are most often identified by their grape variety(ies): Riesling, Gewurztraminer, etc. This mention dominates the label even if it is optional.

When the Alsace Grand Cru appellation was created, the aim was clearly to promote the terroir. The mention of the grape variety is not obligatory and it is possible to put the name of the denomination in larger characters than that of the grape variety. So several mentions on the bottle label are possible, either simply the name of the appellation and the geographical name (Alsace Grand Cru Brand), or with in addition a mention of grape variety (Riesling, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer or Muscat), to which can be added the terms *selection des grains nobles* or *vendanges tardives*, as well as the name of a place name within the name:

alsace grand cru Eichberg;

alsace grand cru Eichberg riesling;

alsace grand cru Eichberg gewurztraminer;

alsace grand cru Eichberg pinot gris;

alsace grand cru Eichberg muscat;

alsace grand cru Eichberg *vendanges tardives* riesling;

alsace grand cru Eichberg ‘’vendanges tardives *gewurztraminer;*

alsace grand cru Eichberg *vendanges tardives* pinot gris;

alsace grand cru Eichberg *vendanges tardives* muscat;

alsace grand cru Eichberg *selection des grains nobles* riesling;

alsace grand cru Eichberg *selection des grains nobles* gewurztraminer;

alsace grand cru Eichberg *selection des grains nobles* pinot gris;

alsace grand cru Eichberg *selection des grains nobles* muscat.


title: Botanix Pharmaceuticals

abstract: Botanix Pharmaceuticals is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange with the issue code BOT. The Company is headquartered in Perth, Western Australia and Philadelphia, USA. It is a clinical stage synthetic cannabinoid company, focusing on the compound Cannabidiol. The company has two separate development platforms, dermatology and antimicrobial. Botanix also has an exclusive license to use a proprietary drug delivery system Permetrex, for direct skin delivery of active pharmaceuticals which is utilised in all of their programs.

text:
# Botanix Pharmaceuticals

**Botanix Pharmaceuticals** is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange with the issue code BOT. The Company is headquartered in Perth, Western Australia and Philadelphia, USA. It is a clinical stage synthetic cannabinoid company, focusing on the compound Cannabidiol. The company has two separate development platforms, dermatology and antimicrobial. Botanix also has an exclusive license to use a proprietary drug delivery system Permetrex, for direct skin delivery of active pharmaceuticals which is utilised in all of their programs.

## Research

Botanix Pharmaceuticals product pipeline currently includes four programs for treatment of serious skin diseases:

**Dermatology**

* BTX 1503, for the treatment of moderate to severe acne
* BTX 1702, for the treatment of rosacea
* BTX 1204A, for the treatment of moderate atopic dermatitis

**Antimicrobial**

* BTX 1801, for use in a variety of antimicrobial applications

## InfoBox

Botanix Pharmaceuticals Limited
| Company type | Listed Public Company |
| --- | --- |
| Traded as | ASX: BOT |
| Industry | Biotechnology |
| Headquarters | Perth, Western Australia, and Philadelphia, USA |
| Area served | Global |
| Key people | * Vince Ippolito, President and executive chairman * Matt Callahan, Founder and executive director * Dr Stewart Washer, Director * Dr Bill Bosch, Chief scientific officer and executive director * Danny Sharp, Non-executive director |
| Products | BTX 1503 | For the treatment of moderate to severe acne BTX 1702 | For the treatment of rosacea BTX 1204A | For the treatment of moderate atopic dermatitis<br>BTX 1801 | For use in a variety of antimicrobial applications |
| Website | www.botanixpharma.com |


title: Ruatan Island agouti

abstract: The Ruatan Island agouti, also called the Roatán Island agouti, is a species of agouti in the family Dasyproctidae. It is endemic to the island of Roatán, off the north coast of Honduras.

text:
# Ruatan Island agouti

The **Ruatan Island agouti** (***Dasyprocta ruatanica***), also called the **Roatán Island agouti**, is a species of agouti in the family Dasyproctidae. It is endemic to the island of Roatán, off the north coast of Honduras.

## Taxonomy

There are no known subspecies.

## Description

Ruatan Island agoutis closely resemble the widespread Central American agoutis, but are noticeably smaller in size, being only around 44 cm (17 in) in head-body length. Their fur is orange brown over their entire bodies, fading to a paler, olivaceous shade on the underparts, and with grizzled black ticking over their backs. There is a white spot on the chin, and a yellowish patch on the belly. Unlike the naked ears of Central American agoutis, those of the Ruatan Island species bear a few dark hairs.

The overall colour is said to be richer than that of Central American agoutis, although the differences are slight, so are less reliable than body size in distinguishing the two species.

## Behaviour

From the few studies conducted on the animal, they appear to be active both day and night, and are not territorial. They are timid, and flee at the sight of humans.

## Habitat

The animals inhabit brushy scrub forest across the island of Roatán, where they feed on almonds, coconuts, hibiscus, and *Pentaclethra* pods.

## Conservation

It is threatened by habitat loss and hunting. As the tourist industry has grown on their native island, hotels and other buildings are encroaching on their native habitat. While some remain in developed areas, living under hotel buildings and feeding off chicken grain and similar resources, most are now found in the hilly interior of the island, away from the coast.

## InfoBox

| Ruatan Island Agouti | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Dasyproctidae |
| Genus: | *Dasyprocta* |
| Species: | ***D. ruatanica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Dasyprocta ruatanica***
Thomas, 1901 | |
|


title: Ruel Johnson

abstract: Ruel Johnson is a Guyanese author. Johnson won the 2002 Guyana Prize for Literature for best first fiction manuscript for a collection of short stories entitled Ariadne and Other Stories, which he self-published the following year with assistance from COURTS and GuyEnterprise. Johnson, then 22, was the youngest person ever to win the prize. He also won the 2012 Guyana Prize for Literature for submitting the best book of fiction. In 2016 he participated in the International Writing Program's Fall Residency at the University of Iowa, in Iowa City, IA, and was the first Guyanese to participate in the programme. He is the Cultural Policy Advisor through the Ministry of Education, and since 2014 has been working to establish a national cultural policy. A former President's College student who hails from Tucville Terrace, Greater Georgetown, Johnson is the eldest of five and has one child. Ruel Johnson was recently accused of physical abuse by an ex-girlfriend by the name of Akola Thompson. She alleged that he manipulated her and took advantage of her during times of vulnerability by being physical, emotionally and sexually abusive to her.

text:
# Ruel Johnson

**Ruel Johnson** is a Guyanese author.

Johnson won the 2002 Guyana Prize for Literature for best first fiction manuscript for a collection of short stories entitled *Ariadne and Other Stories*, which he self-published the following year with assistance from COURTS and GuyEnterprise. Johnson, then 22, was the youngest person ever to win the prize.

He also won the 2012 Guyana Prize for Literature for submitting the best book of fiction.

In 2016 he participated in the International Writing Program's Fall Residency at the University of Iowa, in Iowa City, IA, and was the first Guyanese to participate in the programme. He is the Cultural Policy Advisor through the Ministry of Education, and since 2014 has been working to establish a national cultural policy.

A former President's College (Golden Grove, Demerara-Mahaica, Guyana, South America) student who hails from Tucville Terrace, Greater Georgetown, Johnson is the eldest of five and has one child.

Ruel Johnson was recently accused of physical abuse by an ex-girlfriend by the name of Akola Thompson. She alleged that he manipulated her and took advantage of her during times of vulnerability by being physical, emotionally and sexually abusive to her.


title: Rudra Pratap Sarangi

abstract: Rudra Pratap Sarangi (1928–2013) was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party from Jharkhand. He was a member of Lok Sabha from Jamshedpur elected in 1977 and 1980. Sarangi was a member of Bihar Vidhan Sabha from 1962 to 1976. He served as minister of State for Agriculture, Cooperation and Irrigation, Government of Bihar in 1967 to 1968. He was associated with Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh. He was prominent leader of Vanachal state movement which demanded statehood for forest region for south Bihar.

text:
# Rudra Pratap Sarangi

**Rudra Pratap Sarangi** (1928–2013) was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party from Jharkhand. He was a member of Lok Sabha from Jamshedpur elected in 1977 and 1980. Sarangi was a member of Bihar Vidhan Sabha from 1962 to 1976. He served as minister of State for Agriculture, Cooperation and Irrigation, Government of Bihar in 1967 to 1968. He was associated with Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh. He was prominent leader of Vanachal state movement which demanded statehood for forest region for south Bihar.


title: Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar

abstract: Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar is the 16th Nayanar saint. Traditional hagiographies like Periya Puranam and Thiruthondar Thogai detail his legendary life and services to the Hindu god Shiva. Pasupathi Nayanar was a learned Brahmin devotee who practised chanting of the Shri Rudram Chamakam, a Vedic hymn dedicated to Rudra. Therefore, he is known by the name Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar.

text:
# Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar

**Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar** is the 16th Nayanar saint. Traditional hagiographies like *Periya Puranam* (13th century CE) and *Thiruthondar Thogai* (10th century CE) detail his legendary life and services to the Hindu god Shiva. Pasupathi Nayanar was a learned Brahmin devotee who practised chanting of the Shri Rudram Chamakam, a Vedic hymn dedicated to Rudra (a form of Shiva). Therefore, he is known by the name Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar.

## Hagiography

Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar was born in a pious Brahmin family in the small village of Thiruthalayur, now located in Nannilam taluk, Thiruvarur District (17 km south of Mayiladuthurai and on the Nedungadu-Karaikal route via Kollumaangudi). At Thiruthalayur, there is an ancient Shiva temple called Sri Parvati Samedha Sri Baleswarar temple.

Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar was an ardent Shiva devotee. He used go to the water tank in the early morning and evening and chant Shri Rudram Chamakam hymn with folded hands raised above his head. The hymn hails Shiva as the Supreme Being and is believed to accord the reciter Shiva's grace. The vibration of the intense prayer of the Nayanar is described to reach the abode of Shiva, who pleased with the Nayanar's devotion grants him salvation.

Tamil month PurattasiAshvini star is widely celebrated as Guru Puja Day of Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar.

## InfoBox

| Rudra Pasupathi Nayanar | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Personal | |
| Born | Pasupathi<br>Thiruthalayur |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Organization | |
| Philosophy | Shaivism, Bhakti |
| Honors | Nayanar saint, |


title: Boxerstock

abstract: Boxerstock is an all-day music festival, benefiting Atlanta Boxer Rescue. Boxerstock was founded in 2008 and is held every fall in Marietta, Georgia. It features an entire day of live music from local and nationally known performers. It is a family event and although the event supports the rescue and rehabilitation of Boxers, dogs of all breeds are always welcome. The festival is put on by over 150 volunteers and attracts crowds in the thousands from all over the Southeast.

text:
# Boxerstock

**Boxerstock** is an all-day music festival, benefiting Atlanta Boxer Rescue. Boxerstock was founded in 2008 and is held every fall in Marietta, Georgia. It features an entire day of live music from local and nationally known performers. It is a family event and although the event supports the rescue and rehabilitation of Boxers, dogs of all breeds are always welcome. The festival is put on by over 150 volunteers and attracts crowds in the thousands from all over the Southeast.

## History of Boxerstock

**Boxerstock 2008** was held at ParkGrounds, a local coffee shop with a dog park attached. This unique venue provided a good setting for the festival to get its start. Atlanta's own Caroline Aiken and Trances Arc were the headliners. The festival was ten hours long and featured twelve regional musical artists and bands.

**Boxerstock 2009** was held at Dogma Dog Care. The benefit concert drew hundreds from Atlanta and surrounding areas. Local favorites such as Thomas Tillman, RubberJean, and Tori Bigelow performed.

**Boxerstock 2010**: In 2010, Boxerstock moved to its current location at the North Georgia State Fairgrounds at Jim Miller Park in Marietta, Georgia. Headliners included State of Man; Atlanta's guitar legend, Barry Richman; Rock Star INXS contestant, Heather Luttrell; American Idol finalist Anna Kaelin, and other local talent. Over 1200 people attended the event.

**Boxerstock 2011** featured seven bands: Course of Virtue, Sean Waterman, The Greg Burroughs Band, Kick The Robot, JK and the Lost Boys, Jeff Robinson with the Barry Richman Band and The Michelle Malone Banned. Victoria Stilwell from Animal Planet's "It's Me or the Dog presented, as well as local veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and trainers from K-9 Coach. The festival drew over 1500 people in 2011.

**Boxerstock 2012** featured six bands: Davin McCoy, Erik Smallwood, The Deadfields, JP Blues Band, 10 Miles of Blue, and Kick the Robot. Speakers included local veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and trainers from K-9 Coach.

**Boxerstock 2013** featured seven bands on the main stage and many more on the side stage. Featured bands were Caryn Womack, Shameless Dave & The Miracle Whips, The Daniels Brothers Band, Tom Dixon, Lisa Torres, Them Morris Boys, and Man Made Band. Shelly Ryan was the Emcee on the main stage and Kathy Reed on the side stage. Speakers included veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and trainers from K-9 Coach. Notable events from 2013 included obedience and nose work demonstrations, a frisbee demo, kids and dogs halloween costume contests, and agility demonstrations. This years event also featured the addition of food trucks.

**Boxerstock 2014** was held at Jim Miller Park in Marietta, Georgia on Sunday October 19, 2014 from 12-6pm. Featured bands on the main stage included American Idol Top 4 Finalist Jessica Meuse, plus Chris Nathan, JP Blues, Tiger Creek Band, Stolen Hearts, Larry Griffith and Megan Fowler. The side stage featured many up and coming young artists from the greater Atlanta area. Presenters included local veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Amber Burckhalter, Certified Master Trainer and animal behavior consultant and renowned expert in canine obedience and behavior modification. Presenting sponsors for 2014 were Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Unleashed by Petco.

**Boxerstock 2015** was held at Jim Miller Park in Marietta, Georgia on Sunday October 11, 2015 from 12-6pm. Featured bands on the main stage included Laughlin, Justin Dukes, Cody Matlock, Falling Through April, TheSAGAS and Cumberland Blue. The side stage will feature many up and coming young artists from the greater Atlanta area. Speakers included local veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Amber Burckhalter, Certified Master Trainer and Animal Behavior Consultant and renowned expert in canine obedience and behavior modification. Presenting sponsors for 2015 were Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Unleashed by Petco.

**Boxerstock 2016** was again held at Jim Miller Park in Marietta, Georgia on Sunday October 23, 2015 from 12-6pm. Featured bands on the main stage include Apostles of Soul, Kurt Thomas, Cody Matlock, Yacht Rock Schooner and Chequered Blue. The side stage featured fifteen up and coming young artists from the greater Atlanta area, including Liz Kate and Ella Collier. Presenters include internationally known dog trainer Victoria Stilwell from Animal Planet's "It's Me or the Dog plus local veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Amber Burckhalter, Certified Master Trainer and Animal Behavior Consultant and renowned expert in canine obedience and behavior modification. Presenting sponsor for 2016 is Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and contributing sponsors include Petco, North Georgia Veterinary Referral Practice, K-9 Coach/Bed & Bark, C & C Fence Company, Courier Express and DaLee & Company, Inc..

## About Atlanta Boxer Rescue

Atlanta Boxer Rescue is a non-profit rescue organization that strives to rescue, rehabilitate, and re-home unwanted and abandoned Boxers within the greater Atlanta area as well as providing education to pet owners. Atlanta Boxer Rescue works to inform people about the realities of pet guardianship, promote spaying/neutering, and encourage responsible care of the Boxer to enhance the lives of pet owners and their companion animals. Atlanta Boxer Rescue, Inc., is 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.

## InfoBox

| Boxerstock | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Dates | Annually, Late October (10/23/16) |
| Location(s) | Marietta, GA |
| Years active | 2008-present |
| Website | http://www.boxerstock.org |


title: Boxeur Des Rues

abstract: Boxeur Des Rues is an Italian streetwear and sportswear brand founded in 2003 owned by Boxeur Des Rues & Malloy S.r.l. a company based in Segrate, Italy. The company is active in design, manufacturing, licensing and marketing of fashion and sports clothing and goods, such as shoes and accessories.

text:
# Boxeur Des Rues

**Boxeur Des Rues** is an Italian streetwear and sportswear brand founded in 2003 owned by *Boxeur Des Rues & Malloy S.r.l.* a company based in Segrate, Italy. The company is active in design, manufacturing, licensing and marketing of fashion and sports clothing and goods, such as shoes and accessories.

## History

Boxeur Des Rues literally means "street fighting boxer". The brand is inspired by the world of Savate, the French boxing born by the fusion of traditional western boxing techniques and oriental Martial arts, that was learned by French sailors returning from the various ports of Far East and Southeast Asia at the beginning of the 19th century. Subsequently, these techniques merged with each other, evolving and beginning to be used in frequent street raids. Later in Marseille, the most important and toughest European port, numerous illegal combat circles (the "Fight Clubs") were born with a large round of betting around them. From here the name "Boxeur Des Rues": true sportsmen, born and raised on the streets. The brand is actually an expression of the fusion of "streetwear" and "sportswear".

In 2012, the company employed 195 people and reported revenues of €25 million. Boxeur Des Rues competes in the global market with other popular brands such as Nike, Adidas, Superdry.

## Distribution

While 80% of revenues come from Italy, Boxeur Des Rues has a strong product distribution network around the world with many stores in relevant countries:

* Austria
* Netherlands
* Spain
* Switzerland
* France
* Germany
* Moldova
* Slovenia
* Croatia
* Latvia
* Malta
* Montenegro
* Belgium
* Luxembourg
* Czech Republic
* Greece
* Ukraine
* Finland
* Sweden
* Russia
* China
* Hong Kong
* Taiwan

## Sponsorship

Since 2007 Boxeur Des Rues ® has been partner and technical supplier of several sport teams and organisations. I had several testimonials, including three olympic champions: Clemente Russo, Vincenzo Mangiacapre e Irma Testa.

### Motorsport

### Combat sport

### Cycle sport

### Football

### Basketball

## In media

In 2015, in Italy, Boxeur Des Rues was the sponsor of various movies such as "Southpaw – The Challenge", distributed in collaboration with 01Distribution, and of "Creed – Born to Fight", in collaboration with Warner Bros. In 2016 he is also the sponsor of "Bleed for This".

## InfoBox

Boxeur des Rues
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Streetwear, activewear, sports equipment |
| Headquarters | Milan, Italy |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Products | Clothing, shoes, sporting goods |
| Revenue | €30 million (2016) |
| Number of employees | 195 |
| Website | http://www.boxeurdesrues.com |