title: Emicho I, Count of Nassau-Hadamar

abstract: Emicho I, Count of Nassau-Hadamar, was the second son of Count Otto I of Nassau and his wife Agnes, the daughter of Count Emich IV of Leiningen-Landeck. Emicho was the founder of the elder line of Nassau-Hadamar. He was a cousin of King Adolf of Germany. He and his brother Henry fought on Adolf's side in the Battle of Göllheim on 2 July 1298.

text:
# Emicho I, Count of Nassau-Hadamar

**Emicho I, Count of Nassau-Hadamar** (also known as *Emich*, first mentioned in 1289, died on 7 June 1334), was the second son of Count Otto I of Nassau and his wife Agnes (d. 1303), the daughter of Count Emich IV of Leiningen-Landeck. Emicho was the founder of the elder line of Nassau-Hadamar. He was a cousin of King Adolf of Germany. He and his brother Henry fought on Adolf's side in the Battle of Göllheim on 2 July 1298.

## Count of Nassau-Hadamar

Emicho I was a son of Otto, the founder of the Ottonian line of the House of Nassau. After Otto died in 1290, his sons fought a length dispute over the inheritance. In 1303, the three remaining sons divided the Ottonian lands. Henry (d. 1343), the eldest brother, received Nassau-Siegen, with Ginsburg and the Lordship of Westerwald. John received Nassau-Dillenburg, with Herborn, Haiger and Beilstein. Emicho received Nassau-Hadamar, including Hadamar itself, the Esterau, the Nassau share of the Lordship of Driedorf and the justice over Ellar, the Ottonian share of Dausenau and Ems and some dispersed possessions. As recently as 1290, the Lords of Greifenstein, who were co-owners of Driedorf, had forced Henry and Emicho to demolish two of their castles in Driedorf. On the other hand, a treaty closed in Wetzlar promised an end to the Greinfenstein's resistance to the Nassau expansion in the eastern part of the Westerwald. In 1316, Emicho finally managed to purchase the Greifenstein share of Driedorf for 250 marks.

## Properties in Franconia

In 1299, Emicho acquire considerable properties in the Nuremberg area, when King Albert I of Saxony mortgaged Kammerstein Castle, Schwabach, Altdorf, Kornburg Castle and the town of Kornburg to Emicho and his wife Anna, who was the daughter of Burgrave Frederick III of Nuremberg.

## Hadamar

On 18 December 1320 Emicho purchased a model farm from the Cistercian Eberbach Abbey. This farm was located on the left bank of the Elbbach, opposite Hadamar. The transaction includes the St. Giles church in Hadamar; the abbey retained various other properties in Niederhadamar, Faulbach and Niederzeuzheim. Emich expanded the farm to a water castle named Hadamar Castle, and built a new farm to the south of the castle. He moved his residence to Hadamar Castle. In 1324, Emperor Louis IV granted city rights, modeled on Frankfurt, to Hadamar and Ems. This allowed Emicho to fortify Hadamar with a city wall and a moat surrounding both the town and his castle.

The move to Hadamar was probably intended to make it easier to secure his interests in the County of Dietz and to continue purchasing property and rights from the House of Dietz, which was continually in financial difficulties. From 1317, Emicho acted as guardian of Count Gottfried V of Dietz (1303–1348), whose bad financial management had caused the decline of his county. In 1324, Emicho negotiated with Count Gottfried V of Dietz about the intended marriage of Emicho's daughter Jutta with Gottfried's son Gerhard VI (1317–1343). Emicho demanded extended guardianship rights over the County of Dietz, which was already owed him a considerable amount of money. When Gottfried reached adulthood in 1332 and Emicho's guardianship ended, Gottfried transferred his rights over Hadamar and the village of Dehrn to Emicho. On 28 March 1337, Gottfried of Dietz mortgaged the district of Ellar, which he had acquired this district only four years earlier from the Lords of Merenberg, for 1450 Limburgish marks to Emicho's son John.

On 4 April 1334, only two months before his death, Emicho transferred the Court and Castle of Hadamar to Archbishop Baldwin of Trier, who gave it back to him as a fief.

## Mining rights

On 26 February 1298, King Adolph of Germany mortgaged the rights to the Ratzenscheid mine near Wilnsdorf in the Siegerland area and the other silver mines in the Nassau territory to his cousins Henry and Emicho for 1000 marks' worth of pennies from Cologne.

## John's inheritance

Emicho's younger brother John was captain in the army from Nassau and Mainz that fought in the decisive Battle of Wetzlar that ended the Dernbacher Feud on 10 August 1328. John fell in that battle. Emicho refrained from his share in the inheritance, in favour of his elder brother Henry.

## Marriage and issue

Before 1297, Emich married Anna (d. c.1357), the daughter of Burgrave Frederick III of Nuremberg and his second wife Helen, the daughter of Duke Albert I of Saxony. They had at least eight children:

* Anna (died probably before 1329), married before 1332 to Count Kuno I of Falkenstein
* Jutta (d. after 1359), married before 1324 to Count Gerhard VI of Diez (1317–1343)
* John (d. before 20 January 1365), Count of Nassau-Hadamar from 1334 to 1365
* Emicho II (d. 1359), from 1328 to 1336 canon in Mainz, from 1337 to 1359 co-ruler of Nassau-Hadamar
* Agnes, a nun in Altenberg Abbey in Wetzlar
* Helen, also a nun in Altenberg Abbey
* Margaret, married before 1349 to a Count of Hohenberg
* Margaretha (d. 1343), a nun in the Poor Clares nunnery in Nuremberg

Emicho died on 7 June 1334. His widow reached a compromise with her son John in 1336, in which she received the imperial Kammerstein Castle as her jointure, plus several manor in Franconia. She would also receive income in kind from John, from his possessions in Laurenburg, Dausenau, Hadamar, Nentershausen and the bailiwick of Weidenhahn and from farms and land in Hadamar (the manors Schnepfenhaus and Rödchen), Zeuzheim and Heftrich. She resided at Hadamar castle until 1349, then moved to Kammerstein Castle, where she died between 1355 and 1357.

* Ludwig Götze (1877), "Emich I.", *Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie* (in German), vol. 6, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, p. 80
* Johannes von Arnoldi: *Geschichte der Oranien-Nassauischen Länder und ihrer Regenten*, vol. 3, Neue Gelehrtenbuchhandlung, Hadamar, 1799, pp. 90–98 Online
* Friedrich D. von Schütz: *Geschichte des Herzogthums Nassau*, Wilhelm Roth, Wiesbaden, 1853, pp. 62–63 Online
* Karl Josef Stahl: *Hadamar Stadt und Schloss. Eine Heimatgeschichte*, Magistrat der Stadt Hadamar, 1974
* Jacob Wagner: *Die Regentenfamilie von Nassau-Hadamar: Geschichte des Fürstenthums Hadamar*, vol. 1, 2nd ed., Mechitharisten-Congregations-Buchhandlung, Vienna, 1863, pp. 37–45 Online

## Footnotes

1. Wagner, p. 38
2. W. Sauer: *Die Herren von Beilstein und Greifenstein*, in: *Annalen des Vereins für Nassauische Altertumskunde und Geschichtsforschung*, vol. 28, Wiesbaden, 1896, pp. 1–52 (esp. 26–27), Online
3. On 30 January 1299, King Albert sealed a deed stating that the owed Emich and his wife 300 silver marks, using Nuremberg weights, see: *Wirtembergisches Urkundenbuch*, vol. 11, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1913, Nr. 5226, Online
4. "Dehrn.net". Archived from the original on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2012-05-17.
5. Deed from 26 February 1298
6. Ernst Hermann Münch: *Geschichte des Hauses Nassau-Oranien*, vol. 2, Jacob Anton Mayer, Aachen and Leipzig, 1832, pp. 287–288, Online
7. Wagner, pp. 44–45

## InfoBox

| Emicho I, Count of Nassau-Hadamar | |
| --- | --- |
| Died | (1334-06-07)7 June 1334 |
| Noble family | House of Nassau |
| Spouse(s) | Anna of Nuremberg |
| Father | Otto I of Nassau |
| Mother | Agnes of Leiningen |


title: Fernando García de Hita

abstract: Fernando García de Hita was a Castilian nobleman, traditionally considered the founder of the noble House of Castro. He governed the lordships of Hita and Guadalajara, and frequently attended the royal court under King Alfonso VI and Queen Urraca.

text:
# Fernando García de Hita

**Fernando García de Hita** (or **de Fita**; *floruit* 1097–1125) was a Castilian nobleman, traditionally considered the founder of the noble House of Castro. He governed the lordships of Hita and Guadalajara, and frequently attended the royal court under King Alfonso VI and Queen Urraca.

## Parentage

"Fernando García de Hita" is a conventional name. Contemporary documents only record Fernando with his patronymic, which may also be spelled "Garcés" or "Garciaz" and indicates that his father's name was García. In one charter, Queen Urraca refers to Fernando as "our cousin, Sir Fernando García" (*uobis annaia don Ferrando Garciez*). In another, she refers to Fernando's second wife as "my cousin" (*mea cogermana*). The ancestries of both Urraca and Fernando's second wife are well known and they were not blood relations, the charters can only refer to a blood relation between Urraca and Fernando, simplest to explain by viewing Fernando as the son of Urraca's uncle, King García II of Galicia. Were this the case, Fernando would probably have been born to a mistress while García was in captivity. Other evidence points to Fernando being the son of Count García Ordóñez *de Nájera*. The Muslim historian Ibn Abi Zar recorded that a "son of Count García" (*Iben al-Zand Garsís*) held the towns of Guadalajara and Hita. Were Fernando legitimate son of Count García by his first wife, the royal princess Urraca Garcés of Navarre, he would likewise be a cousin of Queen Urraca.

## Career

In twelfth-century León and Castile, it was uncommon for the lords of the southern frontier—whose primary responsibility was defence against the Almoravids—to frequently attend the itinerant royal court. Fernando seems to have done both. He was given charge of several frontier fiefs (*tenencias*) and still managed to witness to twelve royal charters during the reign of Urraca. He was the royal official (*alcalde*) in charge of Guadalajara and Medinaceli in 1107. According to the *Anonymous Chronicles of Sahagún*, in 1111 Fernando convinced Count Henry of Portugal to break his alliance with King Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre, and then negotiated a renewed alliance between Alfonso and Urraca after the latter distanced herself from Count Henry. The *Historia Compostellana* also refers to the aid a certain "Count Fernando" gave his relative, Queen Urraca, at this time, but historians are divided as to whether this is a reference to Fernando García de Hita, since there is no other evidence that he ever received the title of "count".

## Wives and children

Fernando's first wife was Tegridia. Based on her son being called *sobrinus* of Count Rodrigo Martínez, historian Pascual Martínez Sopena concluded she was Tegridia Martínez, a sister of Count Rodrigo and daughter of Count Martín Flaínez and his wife Sancha Fernández, while Jaime de Salazar y Acha concluded she was Tegridia Fernández, sister of Sancha and aunt of Count Rodrigo. Either would make her cousin of Eilo Alfonso, wife of powerful count Pedro Ansúrez. José María Canal Sánchez-Pagín simply calls her a member of the Ansúrez family. She died before her husband, leaving him two sons: Gutierre Fernández de Castro and Rodrigo Fernández de Castro.

Fernando married his second wife, Stephanie (Estefanía), daughter of Count Ermengol V of Urgell, probably in early 1119, while she was still quite young. On 12 November 1119 Fernando had a grant of bridewealth (*carta de arras*) drawn up for his second wife. He bestowed on her his half of properties at Castrojeriz and Cerrato, which he had acquired with his first wife and which had been divided between him and his children by Tegridia at her death. He also granted Stephanie the half he claimed of some properties at Cevico and Uceda, which he and Stephanie had previously acquired together. Earlier that year, in April or May, Queen Urraca had granted those lands at Uceda and some others at Hita to the betrothed or recently married couple. On 30 June she granted the lands at Cevico to Stephanie to be held independently of her husband or his existing children. Fernando disregarded this royal charter, placing greater stock in aristocratic custom based on Visigothic law, by which he acquired one half of all his wife's acquisitions during their marriage.

Fernando and Stephanie had two daughters: Urraca Fernández and Sancha Fernández. Urraca, probably conceived shortly after their marriage, was betrothed to Count Rodrigo Martínez, who granted her a bridewealth on 29 November 1129, when she was probably only ten years old. Stephanie also bore Fernando two sons: Pedro Fernández de Castro, who became the first Grand Master of the Order of Santiago, and Martín Fernández de Castro.

Fernando died about 1125. Stephanie, ten years a widow and still young, married Count Rodrigo González de Lara in 1135.

## Sources

* Barton, Simon (1997). *The Aristocracy in Twelfth-Century León and Castile*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* Canal Sánchez-Pagín, José María (1984). "Don Pedro Fernández, primer maestre de la Orden Militar de Santiago: Su familia, su vida". *Anuario de Estudios Medievales*. **14**: 33–72.
* Canal Sánchez-Pagín, José María (1989). "Casamientos de los condes de Urgel en Castilla". *Anuario de Estudios Medievales*. **19**: 749–73.
* Canal Sánchez-Pagín, José María (1997). "El conde García Ordóñez, rival del Cid Campeador: Su familia, sus servicios a Alfonso VI". *Anuario de Estudios Medievales*. **27** (2): 119–35.
* Martínez Sopena, Pascual (1987). "Parentesco y Poder en Leon Durante el Siglo XI. La "Casata" de Alfonso Diaz". *Studia Historica. Historia Medieval*. **5**: 33–87.
* Martínez Sopena, Pascual (1990). "El conde Rodrigo de León y los suyos: herencia y expectativa del poder entre los siglos X y XII". In Pastor de Togneri, Reyna (ed.). *Relaciones de Poder, de Produccion y Parentesco en la Edad Media y Moderna*. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. pp. 5–84.
* Reilly, Bernard F. (1982). *The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126*. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
* Salazar y Acha, Jaime de (1991). "El linaje castellano de Castro en el siglo XII: Consideraciones e hipótesis sobre su origen". *Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica*. **1**: 33–68. ISSN 1133-1240.
* Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, Margarita Cecilia (1999). *Linajes nobiliarios de León y Castilla: Siglos IX–XIII*. Salamanca: Junta de Castilla y León, Consejería de educación y cultura. ISBN 84-7846-781-5.


title: Roswell, South Dakota

abstract: Roswell is a CDP in Miner County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 8 at the 2020 census. It disincorporated as a town in 2012. Roswell was laid out in 1883, and named in honor of Roswell Miller, a railroad official.

text:
# Roswell, South Dakota

**Roswell** is a CDP in Miner County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 8 at the 2020 census. It disincorporated as a town in 2012.

Roswell was laid out in 1883, and named in honor of Roswell Miller, a railroad official.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.41 square miles (3.65 km2), all land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 8 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 15 people, 9 households, and 4 families residing in the town. The population density was 10.6 inhabitants per square mile (4.1/km2). There were 11 housing units at an average density of 7.8 per square mile (3.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 100.0% White.

There were 9 households, of which 11.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.3% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 55.6% were non-families. 55.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 33.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.67 and the average family size was 2.50.

The median age in the town was 57.3 years. 13.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 13.4% were from 25 to 44; 33.4% were from 45 to 64; and 33.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 46.7% male and 53.3% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 21 people, 12 households, and 5 families residing in the town. The population density was 14.9 people per square mile (5.8/km2). There were 12 housing units at an average density of 8.5 per square mile (3.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 100.00% White.

There were 12 households, out of which 16.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, none had a female householder with no husband present, and 58.3% were non-families. 58.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 25.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.75 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 19.0% under the age of 18, none from 18 to 24, 19.0% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 33.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 10 females there were 11 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $6,750, and the median income for a family was $51,250. Males had a median income of $38,750 versus $0 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,429. None of the families and 33.3% of the population were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty all of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

## InfoBox

| Roswell, South Dakota | |
| --- | --- |
| Census-designated place | |
| Location in Miner County and the state of South Dakota | |
| Coordinates: 44°0′22″N 97°41′51″W / 44.00611°N 97.69750°W / 44.00611; -97.69750 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| County | Miner |
| Incorporated | 1883 |
| Disincorporated | 2012 |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.41 sq mi (1.05 km2) |
| Land | 0.41 sq mi (1.05 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,398 ft (426 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 8 |
| Density | 19.66/sq mi (7.58/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 57349 |
| Area code | 605 |
| FIPS code | 46-56420 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2761337 |


title: Burke's Peerage

abstract: Burke's Peerage Limited is a British genealogical publisher, considered an authority on the order of precedence of noble families and information on the lesser nobility of the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1826, when the Anglo-Irish genealogist John Burke began releasing books devoted to the ancestry and heraldry of the peerage, baronetage, knightage and landed gentry of Great Britain and Ireland. His first publication, a Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the United Kingdom, was updated sporadically until 1847, when the company began publishing new editions every year as Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Other books followed, including Burke's Landed Gentry, Burke's Colonial Gentry, and Burke's General Armory. In addition to its peerage publications, the Burke's publishing company produced books on Royal families of Europe and Latin America, ruling families of Africa and the Middle East, distinguished families of the United States and historical families of Ireland.

text:
# Burke's Peerage

**Burke's Peerage Limited** is a British genealogical publisher, considered an authority on the order of precedence of noble families and information on the lesser nobility of the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1826, when the Anglo-Irish genealogist John Burke began releasing books devoted to the ancestry and heraldry of the peerage, baronetage, knightage and landed gentry of Great Britain and Ireland. His first publication, a *Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the United Kingdom*, was updated sporadically until 1847, when the company began publishing new editions every year as *Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage* (often shortened and known as *Burke's Peerage*).

Other books followed, including *Burke's Landed Gentry*, *Burke's Colonial Gentry*, and *Burke's General Armory*. In addition to its peerage publications, the *Burke's* publishing company produced books on Royal families of Europe and Latin America, ruling families of Africa and the Middle East, distinguished families of the United States and historical families of Ireland.

## History

The firm was established in 1826 by John Burke (1786–1848), progenitor of a dynasty of genealogists and heralds. His son Sir John Bernard Burke (1814–1892) was Ulster King of Arms (1853–1892) and his grandson, Sir Henry Farnham Burke (1859–1930), was Garter Principal King of Arms (1919–1930). After his death, ownership passed through a variety of people.

Apart from the Burke family, editors have included Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, Alfred Trego Butler, Leslie Gilbert Pine, Peter Townend, and Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd.

From 1974 to 1983, Jeremy Norman was chairman of the company, taking the role while Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd was editor. His fellow directors included Patrick, Lord Lichfield, and John Brooke-Little, Norroy & Ulster King of Arms. Under Norman's chairmanship, new volumes were published on royal families, Irish genealogy, and country houses of the British Isles. In 1984, the *Burke's Peerage* titles were separated and sold: *Burke's Peerage* itself was acquired by Frederik Jan Gustav Floris, Baron van Pallandt, while *Burke's Landed Gentry* and other titles were sold to other buyers.

Last published in 2003 as *Burke's Peerage & Baronetage*, the *Burke's* titles (including *Burke's Landed Gentry*) have since been reunified and the present ownership plans to next publish an updated book-form bicentenary edition in 2026.

## Criticism

In 1877, the Oxford professor Edward Augustus Freeman criticised the accuracy of *Burke's* and said that it contained pedigrees that were

> purely mythical – if indeed mythical is not too respectable a name for what must be in many cases the work of deliberate invention \[... and\] all but invariably false. As a rule, it is not only false, but impossible \[...\] not merely fictions, but exactly that kind of fiction which is, in its beginning, deliberate and interested falsehood.

Oscar Wilde in the play *A Woman of No Importance* wrote: "You should study the Peerage, Gerald. It is the one book a young man about town should know thoroughly, and it is the best thing in fiction the English have ever done!" In 1901, the historian J. Horace Round wrote of Burke's "old fables" and "grotesquely impossible tales".

More recent editions have been more scrupulously checked and rewritten for accuracy, notably under the chief editorship, from 1949 to 1959, of L. G. Pine and Hugh Massingberd (1971–1983). Pine was particularly sceptical regarding many families' claims to antiquity, saying: "If everybody who claims to have come over with the Conqueror were right, William must have landed with 200,000 men-at-arms instead of about 12,000."

### Online editions

## InfoBox

Burke's Peerage Limited
|
|  |
| Company type | Private limited company |
| Industry | Publishing |
| Predecessor | Burke's Peerage (1826) Limited (2013–2016) |
| Founded | 1826 (1826) in London, England |
| Founder | John Burke |
| Headquarters | Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England |
| Website | burkespeerage.com |


title: Synothele rubripes

abstract: Synothele rubripes is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven. The specific epithet rubripes comes from the Latin for "red legs", referring to the spiders’ reddish tarsi.

text:
# Synothele rubripes

***Synothele rubripes*** is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven. The specific epithet *rubripes* comes from the Latin for "red legs", referring to the spiders’ reddish tarsi.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in south-west Western Australia. The type locality is 16 km south of Dwellingup on the Darling Scarp.

## InfoBox

| *Synothele rubripes* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Barychelidae |
| Genus: | *Synothele* |
| Species: | ***S. rubripes*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Synothele rubripes***<br>Raven, 1994 | |
|


title: Samih

abstract: Samih is a masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:

text:
# Samih

**Samih** is a masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:

## First name

* Samih Darwazah (1930–2015), Jordanian politician and the founder of Hikma Pharmaceuticals
* Samih Farsoun, (1937–2005), American scholar of Palestinian origin
* Samih Al Ghabbas, Egyptian physician and writer
* Samih Abdel Fattah Iskandar, International Commissioner of the Jordanian Association for Boy Scouts and Girl Guides
* Samih Madhoun, senior leader of the Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, an armed group affiliated with the Palestinian political party Fatah
* Basel Samih (born 1981), Qatari football player
* Naima Samih (born 1953), Moroccan artist
* Samih al-Qasim (1939–2014), Palestinian Druze poet with Israeli citizenship
* Samih Sawiris (born 1957), Egyptian-Montenegrin businessman and billionaire
* Samih Yalnızgil (1875–1932), Turkish linguist and politician

## Middle name


title: Canon EF 35–105mm lens

abstract: The EF 35-105mm lens is a family of EF mount wide-to-normal zoom lenses manufactured and sold by Canon. There were three versions made. The first version was released in 1987 as an f/3.5 - f/4.5 aperture lens. The next was released in 1991 as a f/4.5 - f/5.6 aperture lens. The last version was released in 1992 as a f/4.5 - f/5.6 USM version. On several recent high-end Canon EOS bodies, including the EOS 7D Mark II, EOS 5D Mark III and EOS-1D X, the f/4.5–5.6 versions of this lens are treated for the purpose of autofocus as if they were f/8 lenses, limiting AF functionality to the center point only. They are the only lenses without an extender attached that are treated this way.

text:
# Canon EF 35–105mm lens

The **EF 35-105mm lens** is a family of EF mount wide-to-normal zoom lenses manufactured and sold by Canon. There were three versions made. The first version was released in 1987 as an f/3.5 - f/4.5 aperture lens. The next was released in 1991 as a f/4.5 - f/5.6 aperture lens. The last version was released in 1992 as a f/4.5 - f/5.6 USM version.

On several recent high-end Canon EOS bodies, including the EOS 7D Mark II, EOS 5D Mark III and EOS-1D X, the f/4.5–5.6 versions of this lens are treated for the purpose of autofocus as if they were f/8 lenses, limiting AF functionality to the center point (and surrounding four points if AF Point Expansion is enabled) only. They are the only lenses without an extender attached that are treated this way.

## Specifications

| Attribute | f/3.5–4.5 | f/4.5–5.6 | f/4.5–5.6 USM |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Image |  |  |  |
| Key features | | | |
| Full-frame compatible | Yes | | |
| Image stabilizer | No | | |
| Environmental Sealing | No | | |
| Ultrasonic Motor | No | | Yes |
| L-series | No | | |
| Diffractive Optics | No | | |
| Technical data | | | |
| Aperture (max–min) | f/3.5–4.5 – f/29 | f/4.5–5.6 – f/29 | |
| Construction | 11 groups / 14 elements | 12 groups / 13 elements | |
| \# of diaphragm blades | 5 | | |
| Closest focusing distance | 0.85 m (2.8 ft) | | |
| Max. magnification | 0.16x | | |
| Horizontal viewing angle |  | | |
| Diagonal viewing angle |  | | |
| Vertical viewing angle |  | | |
| Physical data | | | |
| Weight | 400 g (0.88 lb) | 280 g (0.62 lb) | |
| Maximum diameter | 73.2 mm (2.88 in) | 70.6 mm (2.78 in) | 68 mm (2.7 in) |
| Length | 81.9 mm (3.22 in) | 63.3 mm (2.49 in) | 63 mm (2.5 in) |
| Filter diameter | 58 mm | | |
| Accessories | | | |
| Lens hood | EW 68B | ? | ? |
| Retail information | | | |
| Release date | March 1987 | April 1991 | June 1992 |
| Currently in production? | No | | |
| MSRP yen | 44,700 | 32,000 | 36,000 |

1. Canon Inc. "EF35-105mm f/3.5-4.5". *Canon Camera Museum*. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
2. Canon Inc. "EF35-105mm f/4.5-5.6". *Canon Camera Museum*. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
3. Canon Inc. "EF35-105mm f/4.5-5.6 USM". *Canon Camera Museum*. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
4. Canon Inc. "Canon EOS 7D Mark II AF-Setting Guidebook". p. 35. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 14 August 2015.


title: Estadio de Ebibeyin

abstract: The Estadio de Ebibeyin is the home stadium of Akonangui FC in Ebibeyin, Equatorial Guinea. In October 2014, the stadium hosted the Copa de la Primera Dama final. In November 2014, it was announced the stadium would be a venue of the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations.

text:
# Estadio de Ebibeyin

The **Estadio de Ebibeyin** is the home stadium of Akonangui FC in Ebibeyin, Equatorial Guinea.

In October 2014, the stadium hosted the Copa de la Primera Dama final.

In November 2014, it was announced the stadium would be a venue of the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations.

## InfoBox

Estadio de Ebibeyin
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Ebibeyin |
| Coordinates | 2°8′28″N 11°18′43.5″E / 2.14111°N 11.312083°E / 2.14111; 11.312083 |
| Capacity | 8,000 |
| Construction | |
| Renovated | 2014 |
| Tenants | |
| Equatorial Guinea national football team | |


title: San Bernardino–Tippecanoe station

abstract: San Bernardino–Tippecanoe station is a rail station located on Tippecanoe Avenue in San Bernardino, California. The station opened on October 24, 2022, and is served directly by the Arrow rail line. Metrolink's San Bernardino Line express trains to Redlands–Downtown utilize the main track, but do not stop at this station. Arrow trains run every day between approximately between 5:30 a.m. and 9 p.m. Trains arrive every 30 minutes in the early morning and evening and every 60 minutes from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. On weekends, trains run between 7:30 a.m. and 10 p.m., arriving every 60 minutes, except for a few hours without trains in the morning and afternoon.

text:
# San Bernardino–Tippecanoe station

**San Bernardino–Tippecanoe station** is a rail station located on Tippecanoe Avenue in San Bernardino, California. The station opened on October 24, 2022, and is served directly by the Arrow rail line. Metrolink's San Bernardino Line express trains to Redlands–Downtown utilize the main track, but do not stop at this station.

Arrow trains run every day between approximately between 5:30 a.m. and 9 p.m. Trains arrive every 30 minutes in the early morning and evening and every 60 minutes from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. On weekends, trains run between 7:30 a.m. and 10 p.m., arriving every 60 minutes, except for a few hours without trains in the morning and afternoon.

## InfoBox

| San Bernardino–Tippecanoe | |
| --- | --- |
| San Bernardino–Tippecanoe station platform | |
| General information | |
| Location | 1498 South Tippecanoe Avenue<br>San Bernardino, California |
| Coordinates | 34°04′25″N 117°15′37″W / 34.0735°N 117.2604°W / 34.0735; -117.2604 |
| Owned by | San Bernardino County Transportation Authority |
| Line(s) | SCRRA Redlands Branch |
| Platforms | 1 side platform |
| Tracks | 1 |
| Connections | Omnitrans: 8 |
| Construction | |
| Accessible | Yes |
| History | |
| Opened | October 24, 2022 (2022-10-24) |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Metrolink Following station  San Bernardino–DowntownTerminus  Arrow  Redlands–Esritoward Redlands–University  San Bernardino Line Express does not stop here | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | |


title: Cora Drew

abstract: Cora Rankin Drew was a silent film actress in the United States. Her performances included leading roles in The Burned Hand (1915), The Honor System (1917), and Southern Pride (1917). She expressed frustration with casting imbalances between men and women. In 1921, Canadian Moving Picture Digest included a favorable description of one of her performances.

text:
# Cora Drew

**Cora Rankin Drew** (born 1871 or 1872) was a silent film actress in the United States. Her performances included leading roles in *The Burned Hand* (1915), *The Honor System* (1917), and *Southern Pride* (1917). She expressed frustration with casting imbalances between men and women. In 1921, *Canadian Moving Picture Digest* included a favorable description of one of her performances.

## Filmography

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Cora Drew | |
| --- | --- |
| in 1920 | |


title: Emmanouil Farlekas

abstract: Emmanouil I. Farlekas was a music teacher, prothonary of the archbishopric of Athens and writer of ecclesiastical music books.

text:
# Emmanouil Farlekas

**Emmanouil I. Farlekas** (Aydın, 1877 – Athens, 1958) was a music teacher, prothonary of the archbishopric of Athens and writer of ecclesiastical music books.

## Biography

Farlekas was born in 1877 in Aydın, Asia Minor, where he was taught ecclesiastical music. He worked for a short time as a teacher in his birthplace and he was later appointed chief secretary of the metropolitan of Ilioupoli and Theira, Tarasios. After Tarasios's death, he acted as chief secretary of the metropolis of Ephesos and in 1922, as a result of the Asia Minor Catastrophe he fled to Greece, where he was appointed prothonary of the archbishopric of Athens by the contemporary archbishop, Chrysostomos.

he also acted as professor in the Conservatory of Athens and was a of profound connoisseur of ecclesiastical music and of the Typikon. He died in June 1958 in Athens.

## Writings

He was also an author of books on Byzantine ecclesiastical music. His main work is considered to be the "*Συνοπτικό Εκκλησιαστικό Ημερολόγιο*" (*Concise Ecclesiastical Calendar*), which he was publishing from 1923 to 1951, when its publication was taken over by the Church of Greece. Other works of his are the "*Πεντηκοστάριον*" (*Pentecostarion*), the "*Τριώδιον*" (*Triodion*) and the "*Αγία και Μεγάλη Εβδομάς*" (*Holy and Great Week*).


title: Fenimorea glennduffyi

abstract: Fenimorea glennduffyi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Drilliidae.

text:
# Fenimorea glennduffyi

***Fenimorea glennduffyi*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Drilliidae.

## Description

The length of this marine shell varies between 9 mm and 12 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Caribbean Sea off the Dominican Republic.

* Fallon, P.J. (2016). "Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species". *Zootaxa*. **4090** (1): 1–363.
* "*Fenimorea glennduffyi*". *Gastropods.com*. Retrieved 16 January 2019.

## InfoBox

| *Fenimorea glennduffyi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Drilliidae |
| Genus: | *Fenimorea* |
| Species: | ***F. glennduffyi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Fenimorea glennduffyi***<br>Fallon, 2016 | |
|


title: Borne (novel)

abstract: Borne is a 2017 novel by American writer Jeff VanderMeer. It concerns a post-apocalyptic city setting overrun by biotechnology.

text:
# Borne (novel)

***Borne*** is a 2017 novel by American writer Jeff VanderMeer. It concerns a post-apocalyptic city setting overrun by biotechnology.

## Plot

The novel takes place in the future, in the ruins of a nameless city dominated by a giant grizzly bear called "Mord". The perspective character, Rachel, is a scavenger in the city; she collects various genetically engineered organisms and experiments that were created by "the Company", a biotech firm. One day, while searching in Mord's fur, Rachel discovers a sea anemone-like creature that she names "Borne".

## Background

VanderMeer had for a long time considered writing about growing up in the South Pacific, where he lived as a child. One day the image of a sea anemone came to him, along with a hand which he knew belonged to Rachel, that reached out to grab the anemone from the fur of a giant bear. From that image, the rest of the city assembled itself. Mord was influenced by Richard Adams's *Shardik*, and his never explained ability to fly was inspired by a character in Angela Carter's *Nights at the Circus*.

## Reception

The novel was highly praised, with *The Guardian* saying "VanderMeer’s recent work has been Ovidian in its underpinnings, exploring the radical transformation of life forms and the seams between them." *Publishers Weekly* said the novel reads "like a dispatch from a world lodged somewhere between science fiction, myth, and a video game" and that with *Borne* Vandermeer has transformed weird fiction into "weird literature." *The New Yorker* said the novel plunges the reader "into a primordial realm of myth, fable, and fairy tale." Cameron Laux in the BBC labels it one of the most overlooked recent novels, imagining "an ecological utopia where humans' abusive relationship with nature has ended."

## Sequels and possible film

At one point Borne tells Rachel the story of a Strange Bird when he comes back from one of his explorations of the City, at least to the extent that the survivors in the City think they know the Strange Bird's story.

In August 2017 VanderMeer released the novella *The Strange Bird: A Borne Story*. The stand-alone story is set in the same world as *Borne* but features different characters.

VanderMeer also wrote *Dead Astronauts*, a stand-alone novel set in the Borne universe which was released on December 3, 2019.

Paramount Pictures has optioned the film rights to *Borne*.

## InfoBox

Borne
| First edition (US) | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Jeff VanderMeer |
| Cover artist | Rodrigo Corral |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Science fiction |
| Publisher | MCD/FSG (US)<br>Fourth Estate (UK) |
| Publication date | April 24, 2017 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print |
| Pages | 336 pp |
| ISBN | 978-0-00-815918-4 |


title: Samuel Haldeman

abstract: Samuel Stehman Haldeman was an American naturalist and philologist. During a long and varied career he studied, published, and lectured on geology, conchology, entomology and philology. He once confided, "I never pursue one branch of science more than ten years, but lay it aside and go into new fields."

text:
# Samuel Haldeman

**Samuel Stehman Haldeman** (August 12, 1812 – September 10, 1880) was an American naturalist and philologist. During a long and varied career he studied, published, and lectured on geology, conchology, entomology and philology. He once confided, "I never pursue one branch of science more than ten years, but lay it aside and go into new fields."

## Early life and education

Haldeman was born in Locust Grove, Pennsylvania on August 12, 1812, the oldest of seven children of Henry Haldeman and Frances Stehman Haldeman. Locust Grove was the family estate on the Susquehanna River, twenty miles below Harrisburg. His father was a prosperous businessman and his mother was an accomplished musician who died when Haldeman was twelve years old. In 1826, he was sent to Harrisburg to attend school at the Classical Academy, run by John M. Keagy. After two years in the academy, he enrolled at Dickinson College where his interest in natural history was encouraged by his professor, Henry Darwin Rogers, who would later become a distinguished geologist. Two years after entering Dickinson, the college was forced to close temporarily and Peck left without earning a diploma.

## Career

After leaving school, Haldeman took over management of his father's new sawmill and became a silent partner with two of his brothers who started an iron manufacturing business in the area. He eventually became an authority on smelting iron. However, he was always drawn to science and often neglected the family businesses in pursuit of these interests. He later said, "I developed a taste for rainy weather and impassable roads; then I could remain undisturbed in the perusal of my books." In 1833–1834, he attended lectures in the medical department at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in order to better prepare himself for the study of natural history.

In 1835, Haldeman wrote an article for the *Lancaster Journal* refuting the Great Moon Hoax, a sensational story claiming that life had been observed on the moon. That same year his former professor, Henry D. Rogers, was appointed state geologist of New Jersey and in 1836 he sent for Haldeman to assist him. A year later, on the reorganization of the Pennsylvania geological survey, Haldeman transferred there, and was actively engaged on the survey until 1842, preparing five annual reports, and personally surveying Dauphin and Lancaster counties.

During the 1840s, Haldeman's interests were focused on the natural history of invertebrates, especially the taxonomy of beetles and freshwater mollusks. In 1840 he began the publication of his *Monograph of the Freshwater Univalve Mollusca of the United States*, issued in nine parts with the final volume not appearing until 1866. The monograph was well received by the scientific community in America and Europe. In an addendum he described *Scolithus linearis*, a trace fossil of some burrowing organism, the most ancient organic remains known at the time. In 1844 he wrote a paper, "Enumeration of the Recent Freshwater Mollusca Which are Common to North America and Europe", where he laid out in detail the case for Lamarckian evolution and transmutation of species. In 1861, Charles Darwin wrote in a preface to his *On the Origin of Species* an acknowledgment of Haldeman's ideas in support of evolution.

He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1844.

In 1842, he was instrumental in the establishment of the Entomological Society of Pennsylvania, the first scientific society formed to study insects in America. Haldeman's participation in the society put him in regular contact with other leading American entomologists including Frederick E. Melsheimer and John G. Morris. His first entomological paper was the "Catalogue of the Carabideous Coleoptera of South Eastern Pennsylvania," published in 1842. Over the next 15 years he published many papers on the systematics of beetles and other insects, describing many new species. His ear was remarkably sensitive, and he discovered a new organ of sound in lepidopterous insects, which was described by him in Benjamin Silliman's *American Journal of Science* in 1848. In 1852 he wrote a description of the insects collected by the Stansbury survey of the Great Salt Lake.

In addition to his work on entomology, Haldeman accepted various college appointments to teach natural history. In 1842, he was a professor of zoology at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia. From 1851 until 1855 he was professor of natural history at the University of Pennsylvania. He then accepted a similar professorship in Delaware College. Meanwhile, he also lectured on geology and chemistry at the State Agricultural College of Pennsylvania. He visited Texas in 1851 to investigate the presidency of an institution there, but declined the position. On his return trip from Texas, he was offered the position of president of Masonic College in Selma, Alabama, which he accepted and held from January to October 1852.

In the 1850s, Haldeman's focus turned to the study of language. He carried out extensive research among Amerindian dialects, and also in Pennsylvania Dutch, besides investigations in the English, Chinese, and other languages. Haldeman was an earnest advocate of spelling reform. He was a member of many scientific societies, was the founder and president of the American Philological Association, and one of the early members of the National Academy of Sciences. In 1858, Haldeman was awarded the Trevelyan Prize, given by the Phonetic Society of Great Britain, for his article entitled "Analytic Orthography". He made numerous visits to Europe for purposes of research, and when studying the human voice in Rome determined the vocal repertoire of 40–50 varieties of human speech. In 1869, he returned to the University of Pennsylvania as a professor of comparative philology and remained there until his death in 1880.

In 1835, Haldeman married Mary A. Hough and the couple had two sons and two daughters. After the wedding, they moved to a new home at the base of Chickies Rock. He had designed the house and laid out the extensive gardens with native specimens of trees and shrubs. Raised a Protestant, Haldeman converted to Catholicism in the 1840s after undertaking a systematic study of different religions. He died suddenly of a heart attack on September 10, 1880 at his home in Chickies, Pennsylvania.

## Works

He was the author of some 150 publications including important works on entomology, conchology, and philology.

Attribution

## InfoBox

| Samuel Haldeman | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Signature | |
|  | |


# 2010 Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open – Men's doubles

Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić were the defending champions, but they lost in the final against Bob and Mike Bryan 3–6, 4–6.

## Seeds

All seeds receive a bye into the second round.

1. Daniel Nestor /  Nenad Zimonjić *(final)*
2. **Bob Bryan** /  **Mike Bryan** **(champions)**
3. Lukáš Dlouhý /  Leander Paes *(semifinals)*
4. Wesley Moodie /  Dick Norman *(second round)*
5. Simon Aspelin /  Paul Hanley *(second round)*
6. Łukasz Kubot /  Oliver Marach *(quarterfinals)*
7. František Čermák /  Michal Mertiňák *(second round)*
8. Mariusz Fyrstenberg /  Marcin Matkowski *(quarterfinals)*

## Draw

### Key

### Finals

### Top half

### Bottom half

## InfoBox

| Men's doubles | |
| --- | --- |
| 2010 Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open | |
| Champion | Bob Bryan
Mike Bryan |
| Runner-up | Daniel Nestor
Nenad Zimonjić |
| Score | 6–3, 6–4 |


title: Scott National Park

abstract:
Scott National Park is a national park in the South West region of Western Australia, 265 km (165 mi) south of Perth. It is based on the catchment area of the Scott River and the eastern bank of the Blackwood River, and occurs in part on the Scott Coastal Plain.
It has a population of honey possum in the park. It has had reviews of its flora and fauna due to the proximity of mining exploration and activity.

text:
# Scott National Park

**Scott National Park** is a national park in the South West region of Western Australia, 265 km (165 mi) south of Perth.

It is based on the catchment area of the Scott River and the eastern bank of the Blackwood River, and occurs in part on the Scott Coastal Plain. It has a population of honey possum in the park.

It has had reviews of its flora and fauna due to the proximity of mining exploration and activity.

## InfoBox

| Scott National Park
Western Australia | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category II (national park) | |
| Scott National Park | |
|  | |
| Nearest town or city | Augusta |
| Coordinates | 34°15′29″S 115°14′08″E / 34.25806°S 115.23556°E / -34.25806; 115.23556 |
| Established | 1959 |
| Area | 32.73 km2 (12.6 sq mi) |
| Managing authorities | Department of Environment and Conservation |
| See also | List of protected areas of
Western Australia |


title: Estadio de Chacarita Juniors

abstract: The Estadio de Chacarita Juniors is a stadium located in the Villa Maipú district of General San Martín Partido, Argentina. Inaugurated in 1945 and then demolished and rebuilt in 2011, it is the home venue of Chacarita Juniors.

text:
# Estadio de Chacarita Juniors

The **Estadio de Chacarita Juniors** is a stadium located in the Villa Maipú district of General San Martín Partido, Argentina. Inaugurated in 1945 and then demolished and rebuilt in 2011, it is the home venue of Chacarita Juniors.

## History

The first stadium of Chacarita Juniors was located in Villa Crespo, Buenos Aires, on a land bounded by Humboldt, Padilla, Darwin, and Murillo streets. The first match was played in April 1925. The club stayed there until 1931, when they leave the field to build another stadium in a land next to it. Chacarita inaugurated the stadium in 1933, which had four grandstands and a capacity for 35,000 people. In 1935, the club installed a lighting system composed of four towers. Chacarita played in that stadium until 1943, when the club was evicted when the land was acquired by a company.

After the eviction, Chacarita looked for a land where to build a new stadium in the General San Martín Partido of Greater Buenos Aires, distant 8 km from the city of Buenos Aires. The stadium was built in less than six months at a cost of m$n320,000.

The stadium was inaugurated on July 8, 1945, with a friendly match between Chacarita and Uruguayan club River Plate, won by the local team 1–0.

In 2005, a report commissioned by the club determined that the stadium did not meet the minimum security conditions. As a result, the club closed the stadium to demolish the grandstands and to build new structures. Its capacity was for 18,000 people. The refurbished venue was reopened on January 30, 2011, when Chacarita played a friendly game vs Argentinos Juniors, with an attendance of 20,000. Previously, Chacarita had played their home games at several stadiums such as Almagro, Argentinos Juniors, and Ferro Carril Oeste.

The Governor of Buenos Aires Province, Daniel Scioli, was the most notable presence in the event and was the person who cut the ribbon to declare the stadium officially reopened. This act was made in front of the Isaac López stand, named as a tribute to the legendary goalkeeper who played the most games for Chacarita (343 matches, from 1937 to 1952).

It is expected that future works allow the stadium to increase its capacity to 30,000 spectators.

## InfoBox

Chacarita Juniors Stadium
| Estadio de Chacarita Juniors | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| View of the stadium in 1990 | |
|  | |
| Address | Gutiérrez 351
Villa Maipú
Argentina |
| Coordinates | 34°34′03″S 58°31′42″W / 34.5674°S 58.5282°W / -34.5674; -58.5282 |
| Owner | Chacarita Juniors |
| Capacity | 13,600 |
| Surface | Grass |
| Construction | |
| Opened | 8 July 1945 (8 July 1945) |
| Rebuilt | 2011 |
| Construction cost | m$n320,000 |
| Architect | José Ripolli
Sergio Albarracín (2011) |
| Tenants | |
| Chacarita Juniors (1945–present) | |


title: Streptomyces parvus

abstract: Streptomyces parvus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from garden soil. Streptomyces parvus produces the actinomycin C complex, arylomycin A5, arylomycin A6 and actinomycin D.

text:
# Streptomyces parvus

***Streptomyces parvus*** is a bacterium species from the genus of *Streptomyces* which has been isolated from garden soil. *Streptomyces parvus* produces the actinomycin C complex, arylomycin A5, arylomycin A6 and actinomycin D.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Streptomyces parvus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
| Class: | Actinomycetia |
| Order: | Streptomycetales |
| Family: | Streptomycetaceae |
| Genus: | *Streptomyces* |
| Species: | ***S. parvus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Streptomyces parvus***
Waksman and Henrici 1948 | |
|
| Type strain | |
| AS 4.0610, ATCC 12433, B-1455, BCRC 15148, BUCSAV 17, BUCSAV 17, CBS 427.61, CCRC 15148, CGMCC 4.0610, DSM 40348, ETH 12647, ETH 14317, HAMBI 1018, HUT-6062, IFO 14599, IFO 3388, IMRU 3686, IMSNU 20267, ISP 5348, JCM 4069, KCC S-0069, KCCS- 0069, KCTC 19057, MTCC 322, NBRC 14599, NBRC 3388, NCIB 9608, NCIMB 9608 , NRRL B-1255, NRRL B-1455, NRRL B-B-1455 , NRRL-ISP 5348, PSA 14, RGB A-841, RIA 610, VKM Ac-725, Waksman3686 | |
| Synonyms | |
| Actinomyces parvus,
Nocardia parva | |


title: Ematheudes tunesiella

abstract: Ematheudes tunesiella is a species of snout moth in the genus Ematheudes. It was described Ragonot in 1892, and was described from Tunisia, from which its species epithet is derived. It is also found in Italy.

text:
# Ematheudes tunesiella

***Ematheudes tunesiella*** is a species of snout moth in the genus *Ematheudes*. It was described Ragonot in 1892, and was described from Tunisia, from which its species epithet is derived. It is also found in Italy.

## InfoBox

| *Ematheudes tunesiella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | *Ematheudes* |
| Species: | ***E. tunesiella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Ematheudes tunesiella***<br>Ragonot in Staudinger, 1892 | |
|


title: Ferraria

abstract:
Ferraria is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to tropical and southern Africa. They are herbaceous corm-bearing plants growing to 30–45 cm tall. Some species have an unpleasant scent similar to rotting meat and are pollinated by flies, while others have a pleasant scent. The genus name is a tribute to Italian Jesuit Botanist and botanical artist Giovanni Baptista Ferrari. They are grown as ornamental plants in gardens in subtropical regions.
  - Species
  - Ferraria brevifolia G.J.Lewis - Cape Province of South Africa
  - Ferraria candelabrum (Baker) Rendle - Angola, Zambia
  - Ferraria crispa Burm. - Cape Province; naturalized in Spain, Australia, Canary Islands, Madeira
  - Ferraria densepunctulata M.P.de Vos - Cape Province
  - Ferraria divaricata Sw. - Cape Province
  - Ferraria ferrariola (Jacq.) Willd. - Cape Province
  - Ferraria flava Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Cape Province
  - Ferraria foliosa G.J.Lewis - Cape Province
  - Ferraria glutinosa (Baker) Rendle - from Cape Province north to Zaïre
  - Ferraria macrochlamys (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Cape Province
  - Ferraria ornata Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Cape Province
  - Ferraria ovata (Thunb.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Cape Province
  - Ferraria parva Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Cape Province
  - Ferraria schaeferi Dinter - Cape Province, Namibia
  - Ferraria spithamaea (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Angola
  - Ferraria uncinata Sweet - Cape Province
  - Ferraria variabilis Goldblatt & J.C.Manning - Cape Province, Namibia
  - Ferraria welwitschii Baker - Zaïre, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Angola

text:
# Ferraria

***Ferraria*** is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to tropical and southern Africa. They are herbaceous corm-bearing plants growing to 30–45 cm tall. Some species have an unpleasant scent similar to rotting meat and are pollinated by flies, while others have a pleasant scent. The genus name is a tribute to Italian Jesuit Botanist and botanical artist Giovanni Baptista Ferrari.

They are grown as ornamental plants in gardens in subtropical regions.

Species

## Other sources

## InfoBox

| *Ferraria* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Ferraria crispa* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Subfamily: | Iridoideae |
| Tribe: | Irideae |
| Genus: | *Ferraria*
Burm. ex Mill. |
|
| Type species | |
| *Ferraria crispa*
Burm. | |


title: Borne government

abstract: The Borne government was the forty-third government of the French Fifth Republic, formed on 16 May 2022 and headed by Élisabeth Borne as Prime Minister under President Emmanuel Macron. It served as a caretaker government in early January 2024, before Gabriel Attal was appointed prime minister by Macron. Despite its minority status as a result of the June 2022 legislative election, the Borne government had survived multiple votes of no confidence in the National Assembly: one in July 2022 after Macron's refusal to accept the government's resignation, three in October 2022 in response to the use of constitutional article 49.3 by the government to pass a social security bill, and two in March 2023, again in response of the use of article 49.3 to pass a pension reform bill. The Borne government was reshuffled twice, first in July 2022, second in July 2023. It was the first French government not to formally resign after a legislative election since Georges Clemenceau's second ministry in 1919. Amid a major political crisis, the government was dissolved following Borne's resignation in January 2024 and was succeeded by the Attal government.

text:
# Borne government

The **Borne government** (French: *gouvernement Borne*) was the forty-third government of the French Fifth Republic, formed on 16 May 2022 and headed by Élisabeth Borne as Prime Minister under President Emmanuel Macron. It served as a caretaker government in early January 2024, before Gabriel Attal was appointed prime minister by Macron.

Despite its minority status as a result of the June 2022 legislative election, the Borne government had survived multiple votes of no confidence in the National Assembly: one in July 2022 after Macron's refusal to accept the government's resignation, three in October 2022 in response to the use of constitutional article 49.3 by the government to pass a social security bill, and two in March 2023, again in response of the use of article 49.3 to pass a pension reform bill.

The Borne government was reshuffled twice, first in July 2022, second in July 2023.

It was the first French government not to formally resign after a legislative election since Georges Clemenceau's second ministry in 1919.

Amid a major political crisis, the government was dissolved following Borne's resignation in January 2024 and was succeeded by the Attal government.

## History

### Formation

On 16 May 2022, more than three weeks after the presidential election and 9 days after the second inauguration of Emmanuel Macron, Jean Castex tendered the resignation of his government to the President of the Republic. The same day, the Élysée Palace informed the press that Élisabeth Borne, incumbent Minister of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion, would replace him and form a new government, the fourth since the election of Macron.

Elisabeth Borne became the second female Prime minister of France, after Edith Cresson between 1991 and 1992.

### June 2022 legislative election

Just about a month into its tenure, the Borne government fought the 2022 French legislative elections on the 12 and 19 June. Throughout the campaign, the government faced several political controversies such as rape accusations against newly appointed Minister for Solidarity Damien Abad and the 2022 UEFA Champions League final chaos and its handling that drew widespread criticism at home and abroad.

In the first round, Macron's Ensemble coalition finished 1st, but almost tied with the left-wing NUPES coalition in the popular vote (25.8% vs. 25.7%). The National Rally (RN) came in third, with 18.7% of the votes. When compared with the 2017 legislative election's results, it represented a sharp decline from the 32.3% of votes Macron's coalition had attracted 5 years earlier. Nonetheless, the governing coalition was projected to retain its absolute majority, though by a razor-thin margin, in the second round by most pollsters.

In the second round, the Borne government unexpectedly lost its parliamentary majority and the legislative election resulted in a hung parliament for the first time since 1988. The government, which enjoyed a 115-seat majority before the election, now fell 38 seats short of an overall majority, making it the weakest Cabinet in the history of the Fifth Republic. Additionally, 2 senior ministers and 1 junior minister lost their seats in the parliamentary elections and therefore had to resign: Brigitte Bourguignon (Health), Amélie de Montchalin (Ecological Transition) and Justine Bénin (junior minister for the Sea).

Borne, speaking from the Hôtel Matignon, told the French: "Tonight the situation is unprecedented. Never has the National Assembly known such a configuration under the Fifth Republic. This situation poses a risk for our country given the challenges we have to face both at home and abroad".

### July 2022 reshuffle

Following the failure to secure a majority in the June elections but also as a republican custom after parliamentary elections, Elisabeth Borne offered her resignation to President Macron on the 21 June, but he refused it and asked her government to remain in office. Thus, Macron broke with an old unwritten rule under which, after parliamentary elections, the Prime Minister formally resigns and is re-appointed by the President, with the task of forming a new government.

On the 21 and 22 June, Macron held talks with the leaders of parties represented in parliament in an effort to secure a working majority either by forming a coalition government with an opposition party or by forming a national unity Government. The talks failed to produce any tangible result. On 22 June, Macron addressed the Nation, acknowledging there was no majority in the new Assembly and calling on the "spirit of responsibility" of all political parties.

At the end of the month, Borne in turn held talks with parliamentary leaders from the opposition in order to find common ground and break the political deadlock in sight. The talks again failed.

On 4 July, Borne officially formed a minority government and Macron reshuffled the Cabinet on her proposal: senior ministers personally defeated in June were replaced and several new junior ministers were appointed, but in general manner, there was no significant change from the cabinet appointed in May. The same day, the Government's spokesperson, Olivier Véran, announced that the Government would not seek a vote of confidence in the lower house as it is customary (but not obligatory).

On 5 July, the Borne government easily survived a motion of no-confidence tabled by the left-wing NUPES coalition.

### 16th legislature

On 20 March 2023, the Borne government narrowly survived a cross-party motion of no-confidence, clinging onto office by only 9 votes (278 votes against the government, therefore failing to reach the 287-threshold required to bring down the Cabinet), over the use of constitutional article 49.3 to push through the 2023 pension reform bill in the National Assembly.

| **Motion of no confidence**
tabled by LIOT and NUPES MPs | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ballot → | | 20 March 2023 |
| Required majority → | | 287 out of 573 |
|  | Votes in favour | 278 / 573 |
|  | Abstentions or absentees (*de facto* against the motion since only votes in favour are counted) | 295 / 573 |
| Source | | |

On 12 June 2023, the Borne Cabinet survived its 17th motion of no-confidence since the beginning of the 16th legislature: the motion, brought forward by left-wing NUPES coalition in response to the use of constitutional article 40 to block an opposition-sponsored amendment reintroducing the 62-year retirement age on the centrist LIOT group's opposition day, was defeated with only 239 votes, 50 votes short of the 289-threshold required to overthrow the government.

### July 2023 reshuffle

In April 2023, speaking in the immediate aftermath of the contentious debates over his pension system reform, President Macron asked his government for a "hundred days of appeasement and action", citing ecology, work, social progress, justice and republican order as top priorities for the next months and told the Nation that he would assess the progress made at the end of the political period. Additionally, Macron again invited Prime Minister Borne to broaden her parliamentary support by forging "new coalitions and alliances" since her government found itself 38 shy of an overall majority in Parliament as a result of the June 2022 legislative election.

Over the 100-day period, the Borne government oversaw little legislative progress on the issues deemed as top priorities by Macron: following the difficult passage of the pension system reform, the government entered discussions with trade unions on a future Bill regarding life at work, a full employment Bill was passed by the Senate in first reading early July, the introduction of the immigration and asylum Bill was postponed amid fears of defeat in Parliament and diverse announcements related to the youth and the education system were made. Regarding the minority status of her government in legislature, Borne again failed to form a stable majority government and had to carry on her approach of working with moderate opposition parties to advance legislation, on a case-by-case basis, through Parliament.

Even though protests and street violence related to the pension reform calmed down throughout the weeks, which was deemed a success for Macron and his administration, France saw several days of race riots and widespread unrest in early Summer following the killing of the 17-year-old Nahel M. during a traffic stop by the police.

Despite rumors about a potential change of prime minister, on 17 July 2023, the Élysée Palace confirmed reports that Macron had asked Borne to remain in office and invited her to make proposals for a government reshuffle.

On 20 July, the new composition of the Cabinet was announced: 8 new ministers were appointed, 3 senior Cabinet ministers (Education, Health and Solidarity) and 5 junior ministers. Additionally, State Secretary to the Prime Minister Marlène Schiappa, a prominent figure of the Macron Presidency since 2017, was sacked.

## Initial composition

On 20 May 2022, the composition of the government (excluding the Prime Minister) was announced by Alexis Kohler from the steps of the Élysée Palace. The members of the previous government remained in office to deal with current and urgent matters until the appointment of the new government, as provided for in the French Constitution.

### Ministers

| Portfolio | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Prime Minister | Élisabeth Borne |  | LREM-TDP |
| Minister of Economy, Finances and Industrial & Digital Sovereignty | Bruno Le Maire |  | LREM |
| Minister of the Interior | Gérald Darmanin |  | LREM |
| Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs | Catherine Colonna |  | SE |
| Minister of Justice / Keeper of the Seals | Éric Dupond-Moretti |  | SE |
| Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Amélie de Montchalin |  | LREM |
| Minister of National Education and Youth | Pap Ndiaye |  | SE |
| Minister of the Armed Forces | Sébastien Lecornu |  | LREM |
| Minister of Health | Brigitte Bourguignon |  | LREM-TDP |
| Minister of Labour, Employment and Integration | Olivier Dussopt |  | TDP |
| Minister for Solidarity, Autonomy and the Disabled | Damien Abad |  | SE |
| Minister of Higher Education | Sylvie Retailleau |  | SE |
| Minister for Agriculture and Food Sovereignty | Marc Fesneau |  | MoDem |
| Minister for Transformation and Civil Service | Stanislas Guerini |  | LREM |
| Minister for Overseas France | Yaël Braun-Pivet |  | LREM |
| Minister for Culture | Rima Abdul Malak |  | SE |
| Minister for Energy Transition | Agnès Pannier-Runacher |  | LREM-TDP |
| Minister for Sport and the Olympic & Paralympic Games | Amélie Oudéa-Castéra |  | LREM |

Deputy Ministers

| Portfolio | Attached minister | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minister for Relations with Parliament and Citizen Participation | Prime Minister | Olivier Véran |  | LREM-TDP |
| Minister for Gender Equality, Diversity and Equal Opportunities | | Isabelle Lonvis-Rome |  | SE |
| Minister for Public Accounts | Minister of Economy, Finances and Industrial & Digital Sovereignty | Gabriel Attal |  | LREM |
| Minister of Territorial Collectivities | Minister of the Interior
Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Christophe Béchu |  | HOR |
| Minister for Foreign Trade and Attractiveness | Minister of Europe and Foreign Affairs | Franck Riester |  | Agir |
| Minister for European Affairs | | Clément Beaune |  | LREM-TDP |

State Secretaries

| Portfolio | Attached minister | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Government Spokesperson | Prime Minister | Olivia Grégoire |  | LREM |
| State Secretary for the Sea | | Justine Benin |  | SE |
| State Secretary for Children | | Charlotte Caubel |  | SE |
| State Secretary for Development, the Francophonie, and International Partnerships | Minister of Europe and Foreign Affairs | Chrysoula Zacharopoulou |  | LREM |

## Change of the composition of the government in June 2022

In June 2022 Yaël Braun-Pivet resigned to be a candidate for the presidency of the National Assembly. She was replaced, as interim, by Elisabeth Borne.

## Change of the composition of the government in July 2022

Following the French legislative elections, a change in the composition of the government was announced on 4 July 2022.

The reshuffle of the Borne government comes following the 2022 legislative elections. Emmanuel Macron's party La République En Marche! with the Ensemble coalition did not obtain an absolute majority in the National Assembly but only a relative majority. This therefore forced Prime Minister Elisabeth Borne to review her government to be more in line with the new legislature. In particular, the president and then the prime minister met with the party leaders and then the leaders of the parliamentary groups in order to find if the idea of a coalition government can be implemented.

### Ministers

| Portfolio | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Prime Minister | Élisabeth Borne |  | RE |
| Minister of Economy, Finances and Industrial & Digital Sovereignty | Bruno Le Maire |  | RE |
| Minister of the Interior and Overseas | Gérald Darmanin |  | RE |
| Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs | Catherine Colonna |  | SE |
| Minister of Justice / Keeper of the Seals | Éric Dupond-Moretti |  | SE |
| Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Christophe Béchu |  | HOR |
| Minister of National Education and Youth | Pap Ndiaye |  | SE |
| Minister of the Armed Forces | Sébastien Lecornu |  | RE |
| Minister of Health and Prevention | François Braun |  | SE |
| Minister of Labour, Employment and Integration | Olivier Dussopt |  | RE |
| Minister for Solidarity, Autonomy and the Disabled | Jean-Christophe Combe |  | SE |
| Minister of Higher Education and Research | Sylvie Retailleau |  | SE |
| Minister for Agriculture and Food Sovereignty | Marc Fesneau |  | MoDem |
| Minister for Transformation and Civil Service | Stanislas Guerini |  | RE |
| Minister for Culture | Rima Abdul Malak |  | SE |
| Minister for Energy Transition | Agnès Pannier-Runacher |  | RE |
| Minister for Sport and the Olympic & Paralympic Games | Amélie Oudéa-Castéra |  | RE |

Deputy Ministers

| Portfolio | Attached minister | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minister for Democratic Renewal, Government Spokesman | Prime Minister | Olivier Véran |  | RE |
| Minister for Relations with Parliament | | Franck Riester |  | RE |
| Minister for Gender Equality, Diversity and Equal Opportunities | | Isabelle Lonvis-Rome |  | SE |
| Minister for Public Accounts | Minister of Economy, Finances and Industrial & Digital Sovereignty | Gabriel Attal |  | RE |
| Minister for Industry | | Roland Lescure |  | RE |
| Minister for Digital Transition and Telecommunications | | Jean-Noël Barrot |  | MoDem |
| Minister for Small and Medium Enterprises, Trade, Crafts and Tourism | | Olivia Grégoire |  | RE |
| Minister of Territorial Collectivities | Minister of the Interior and Overseas
Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Caroline Cayeux |  | SE |
| Minister of Overseas | Minister of the Interior and Overseas | Jean-François Carenco |  | RE |
| Minister for Foreign Trade, Attractiveness and French Nationals Abroad | Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs | Olivier Becht |  | RE |
| Minister for Education and Vocational Training | Minister of Labour, Employment and Integration
Minister of National Education and Youth | Carole Grandjean |  | RE |
| Minister of Transport | Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Clément Beaune |  | RE |
| Minister for Cities and Housing | | Olivier Klein |  | FP |
| Minister for Territorial Organization and Health Professions | Minister of Health and Prevention | Agnès Firmin-Le Bodo |  | HOR |
| Minister for People with Disabilities | Minister for Solidarity, Autonomy and the Disabled | Geneviève Darrieussecq |  | MoDem |

State Secretaries

| Portfolio | Attached minister | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| State Secretary for the Social and Solidarity Economy and Associative Life | Prime Minister | Marlène Schiappa |  | RE |
| State Secretary for the Sea | | Hervé Berville |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Children | | Charlotte Caubel |  | SE |
| State Secretary for Citizenship | Minister of the Interior and Overseas | Sonia Backès |  | LRC |
| State Secretary for European Affairs | Minister of Europe and Foreign Affairs | Laurence Boone |  | SE |
| State Secretary for Development, the Francophonie, and International Partnerships | | Chrysoula Zacharopoulou |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Youth and National Universal Service | Minister of the Armed Forces
Minister of National Education and Youth | Sarah El Haïry |  | MoDem |
| State Secretary for Veterans and Remembrance | Minister of the Armed Forces | Patricia Mirallès |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Ecology | Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Bérangère Couillard |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Rural Affairs | | Dominique Faure |  | PR |

## Change of the composition of the government in July 2023

In April 2023, speaking in the immediate aftermath of the contentious debates over his pension system reform, President Macron asked his government for a "hundred days of appeasement and action", citing ecology, work, social progress, justice and republican order as top priorities for the next months and told the Nation that he would assess the progress made at the end of the political period. Additionally, Macron again invited Prime Minister Borne to broaden her parliamentary support by forging "new coalitions and alliances" since her government found itself 38 shy of an overall majority in Parliament as a result of the June 2022 legislative election.

Despite rumors about a potential change of prime minister at the end of the 100-day period, on 17 July 2023, the Élysée Palace confirmed reports that Macron had asked Borne to remain in office and invited her to make proposals for a government reshuffle.

On 20 July 2023, a change in the composition of the government was announced.

## Change of the composition of the government in September 2023/October 2023

In September 2023, State Secretary for Citizenship Sonia Backès resigned after being defeated in the 2023 Senate election. She was replaced on 10 October 2023 by Sabrina Agresti-Roubache, who gained the Citizenship portfolio in addition to Cities Portfolio.

## Change of the composition of the government in December 2023

In December 2023, Health Minister Aurélien Rousseau resigned from the government over his opposition to the "controversial" immigration bill passed by the French Parliament and backed by the Cabinet. Hours later, Agnès Firmin-Le Bodo was appointed as Minister of Health and Prevention.

## Composition

### Ministers

| Portfolio | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Prime Minister | Élisabeth Borne |  | RE |
| Minister of Economy, Finances and Industrial & Digital Sovereignty | Bruno Le Maire |  | RE |
| Minister of the Interior and Overseas | Gérald Darmanin |  | RE |
| Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs | Catherine Colonna |  | SE |
| Minister of Justice / Keeper of the Seals | Éric Dupond-Moretti |  | SE |
| Minister of the Armed Forces | Sébastien Lecornu |  | RE |
| Minister of Labour, Full Employment and Inclusion | Olivier Dussopt |  | RE |
| Minister of National Education and Youth | Gabriel Attal |  | RE |
| Minister of Higher Education and Research | Sylvie Retailleau |  | SE |
| Minister for Agriculture and Food Sovereignty | Marc Fesneau |  | MoDem |
| Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Christophe Béchu |  | HOR |
| Minister for Energy Transition | Agnès Pannier-Runacher |  | RE |
| Minister for Culture | Rima Abdul Malak |  | SE |
| Minister of Health and Prevention | Agnès Firmin-Le Bodo |  | HOR |
| Minister for Solidarity and Family | Aurore Bergé |  | RE |
| Minister for Transformation and Civil Service | Stanislas Guerini |  | RE |
| Minister for Sport and the Olympic & Paralympic Games | Amélie Oudéa-Castéra |  | RE |
|

Deputy Ministers

| Portfolio | Attached minister | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minister for Democratic Renewal, Government Spokesman | Prime Minister | Olivier Véran |  | RE |
| Minister for Relations with Parliament | | Franck Riester |  | RE |
| Minister for Gender Equality, Diversity and Equal Opportunities | | Bérangère Couillard |  | RE |
| Minister for Industry | Minister of Economy, Finances and Industrial & Digital Sovereignty | Roland Lescure |  | RE |
| Minister for Digital Transition and Telecommunications | | Jean-Noël Barrot |  | MoDem |
| Minister for Small and Medium Enterprises, Trade, Crafts and Tourism | | Olivia Grégoire |  | RE |
| Minister for Public Accounts | | Thomas Cazenave |  | RE |
| Minister for Territorial Collectivities and Rural Affairs | Minister of the Interior and Overseas
Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Dominique Faure |  | PR |
| Minister of Overseas | Minister of the Interior and Overseas | Philippe Vigier |  | MoDem |
| Minister for Foreign Trade, Attractiveness and French Nationals Abroad | Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs | Olivier Becht |  | RE |
| Minister for Education and Vocational Training | Minister of Labour, Employment and Integration
Minister of National Education and Youth | Carole Grandjean |  | RE |
| Minister of Transport | Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Clément Beaune |  | RE |
| Minister for Housing | | Patrice Vergriete |  | SE |
| Minister for People with Disabilities | Minister for Solidarity and Family | Fadila Khattabi |  | RE |

State Secretaries

| Portfolio | Attached minister | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| State Secretary for Children | Prime Minister | Charlotte Caubel |  | SE |
| State Secretary for the Sea | | Hervé Berville |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Cities | Minister of the Interior and Overseas
Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Sabrina Agresti-Roubache |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Citizenship | Minister of the Interior and Overseas | |  | |
| State Secretary for European Affairs | Minister of Europe and Foreign Affairs | Laurence Boone |  | SE |
| State Secretary for Development, the Francophonie, and International Partnerships | | Chrysoula Zacharopoulou |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Youth and National Universal Service | Minister of the Armed Forces
Minister of National Education and Youth | Prisca Thévenot |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Veterans and Remembrance | Minister of the Armed Forces | Patricia Mirallès |  | RE |
| State Secretary for Biodiversity | Minister for Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion | Sarah El Haïry |  | MoDem |

## Civil service

1. "Le Président de la République a nommé Mme Elisabeth BORNE, Première ministre et l'a chargée de former un Gouvernement". *elysee.fr* (in French). 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
2. "Réforme des retraites (PLFRSS pour 2023) : Rejet de deux motions de censure et adoption du texte (Lecture CMP)".
3. "Retraites : La motion de censure de la Nupes rejetée à l'Assemblée". 2023-06-12.
4. "Sabrina Agresti-Roubache, secrétaire d'Etat à la ville, récupère le portefeuille de la citoyenneté". *Le Monde.fr* (in French). 2023-10-10. Retrieved 2023-10-15.
5. "Health Minister Aurélien Rousseau offered his resignation after the passage of the immigration bill". *BFMTV* (in French). 2023-12-20. Retrieved 2023-12-20.

## InfoBox

| Borne government | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 43rd Government of French Fifth Republic | |
| Official portrait of Borne, 2022 | |
| Date formed | 16 May 2022 (2022-05-16) |
| Date dissolved | 9 January 2024 (2024-01-09) |
| People and organisations | |
| President of the Republic | Emmanuel Macron |
| Prime Minister | Élisabeth Borne |
| No. of ministers | 39 |
| Ministers removed | 14 resignations and dismissals |
| Member parties | * RE * MoDem * HOR |
| Status in legislature | * Majority (May–June 2022) * Minority (June 2022–January 2024) * Caretaker (January 2024) * 346 / 577(60%) (May–June 2022) * 250 / 577(43%) (June 2022–January 2024) |
| Opposition parties |  |
| History | |
| Election | 2022 French legislative election |
| Legislature terms |  |
| Predecessor | Castex government |
| Successor | Attal government |


# Sambo at the 2019 European Games – Women's 56 kg

The women's 56 kg sambo event at the 2019 European Games in Minsk was held on 22 June at the Minsk Sports Palace.

## Results

Legend * VI – Total victory by injury
* VS – Total victory by decisive superiority
* VH – Total victory – painful hold
* VW – Total victory by withdrawal

Repechage

## InfoBox

| Women's 56 kg <br>at the 2019 European Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Minsk Sports Palace |
| Date | 22 June |
| Competitors | 8 from 8 nations |
| Medalists | |
| Russia  Belarus  France  Romania | |


title: Symphora Béhi

abstract: Symphora Béhi is a French sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres. She reached the semi-final at the 2009 European Indoor Championships. In the 4 x 400 metres relay she finished sixth at the 2004 World Junior Championships, and seventh at the 2009 World Championships. Her personal best times are 11.74 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in June 2004 in her birth city Paris; 23.70 seconds in the 200 metres, achieved in July 2006 in Montgeron; and 52.38 seconds in the 400 metres, achieved in June 2009 in Strasbourg.

text:
# Symphora Béhi

**Symphora Béhi** (born 22 March 1986 in Paris, France) is a French sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres.

She reached the semi-final at the 2009 European Indoor Championships. In the 4 x 400 metres relay she finished sixth at the 2004 World Junior Championships, and seventh at the 2009 World Championships.

Her personal best times are 11.74 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in June 2004 in her birth city Paris; 23.70 seconds in the 200 metres, achieved in July 2006 in Montgeron; and 52.38 seconds in the 400 metres, achieved in June 2009 in Strasbourg.


title: Sambaa K'e First Nation

abstract: The Sambaa Kʼe First Nation is a Dene First Nations band government in the Northwest Territories. The band is headquartered in the community of Sambaa Kʼe, formerly Trout Lake. The Sambaa Kʼe First Nation is a member of the Dehcho First Nations.

text:
# Sambaa K'e First Nation

The **Sambaa Kʼe First Nation** is a Dene First Nations band government in the Northwest Territories. The band is headquartered in the community of Sambaa Kʼe, formerly Trout Lake.

The Sambaa Kʼe First Nation is a member of the Dehcho First Nations.

## InfoBox

Sambaa Kʼe First Nation
Band No. 767
| People | Dene |
| --- | --- |
| Treaty | Treaty 11 |
| Headquarters | Sambaa Kʼe |
| Territory | Northwest Territories |
| Population (2019) | |
| On other land | 103 |
| Off reserve | 16 |
| Total population | 119 |
| Government | |
| Chief | Dolphus Jumbo |
| Tribal Council | |
| Dehcho First Nations | |


title: Canteen Boy

abstract: Canteen Boy is a recurring Saturday Night Live character played by Adam Sandler. Canteen Boy is a naive, childlike assistant scoutmaster with an acute attention to detail. He is always seen with a full scout's uniform and a canteen around his neck. Canteen Boy is routinely mocked by other characters in the sketch, who are well aware that their jokes will be lost on the character. It appears he lacks self-confidence, such as in one instance when he is called an idiot, he responds by calling the bully an idiot in return, only to claim he said nothing when the bully threatens him. His revenge toward these bullies often ties into his skills as an outdoorsman. Canteen Boy is a master at snake-calling, and he enjoys the television show Seaquest. He has also said in passing that he very much admires Cheryl Tiegs. A sketch would often end with either Canteen Boy finding a snake or his tormentors having to run away from a sudden onslaught of snakes. Sandler later stated that there is nothing wrong with Canteen Boy, rather he is "someone who has been in the Scouts too long". Although the word 'boy' in the character's name suggests he's a child, it has been made clear that Canteen Boy is actually a 27-year-old man who still lives with his mom and is still active in the Boy Scouts. Since he is overage to be an active Scout, he is actually a Scout leader. However this was contradicted in a brief bit where Chris Farley plays a fellow Scout, and it is assumed Farley was meant to be a teenager. The season 19 Valentine's Day episode hosted by Alec Baldwin and Kim Basinger had a sketch where Baldwin played Mr. Armstrong, a scoutmaster who made overt sexual advances toward Canteen Boy. NBC received many complaints about the skit, saying that it was homophobic and trivialized pedophilia. Actual molestation did not occur, as Canteen Boy had clearly understood what was happening and was ill at ease with Mr. Armstrong's attitude. The sketch ends with Canteen Boy running off into the woods. The controversial sketch became the subject of Baldwin's monologue the next time he hosted on December 10, 1994. In the VHS Best of Adam Sandler release, a disclaimer is added that explicitly states that Canteen Boy is 27 years old and that the sketch is based on actual events. This disclaimer has also been put in the NBC 90-minute rerun, the version shown on the Best of Alec Baldwin DVD, and versions shown on NBC's SNL app as well as on Netflix and Hulu. The 60-minute version shown on some cable channels omit the sketch. Sandler later reworked Canteen Boy by amalgamating him with Cajun Man, another SNL character played by Sandler. Both characters were merged into the protagonist of Sandler's 1998 film The Waterboy.

text:
# Canteen Boy

**Canteen Boy** is a recurring *Saturday Night Live* character played by Adam Sandler. Canteen Boy is a naive, childlike assistant scoutmaster with an acute attention to detail. He is always seen with a full scout's uniform and a canteen around his neck. Canteen Boy is routinely mocked by other characters in the sketch, who are well aware that their jokes will be lost on the character. It appears he lacks self-confidence, such as in one instance when he is called an idiot, he responds by calling the bully an idiot in return, only to claim he said nothing when the bully threatens him. His revenge toward these bullies often ties into his skills as an outdoorsman. Canteen Boy is a master at snake-calling, and he enjoys the television show *Seaquest*. He has also said in passing that he very much admires Cheryl Tiegs. A sketch would often end with either Canteen Boy finding a snake or his tormentors having to run away from a sudden onslaught of snakes. Sandler later stated that there is nothing wrong with Canteen Boy, rather he is "someone who has been in the Scouts too long". Although the word 'boy' in the character's name suggests he's a child, it has been made clear that Canteen Boy is actually a 27-year-old man who still lives with his mom and is still active in the Boy Scouts. Since he is overage to be an active Scout, he is actually a Scout leader. However this was contradicted in a brief bit where Chris Farley plays a fellow Scout, and it is assumed Farley was meant to be a teenager.

The season 19 Valentine's Day episode hosted by Alec Baldwin and Kim Basinger had a sketch where Baldwin played Mr. Armstrong, a scoutmaster who made overt sexual advances toward Canteen Boy. NBC received many complaints about the skit, saying that it was homophobic and trivialized pedophilia. Actual molestation did not occur, as Canteen Boy had clearly understood what was happening and was ill at ease with Mr. Armstrong's attitude. The sketch ends with Canteen Boy running off into the woods. The controversial sketch became the subject of Baldwin's monologue the next time he hosted on December 10, 1994.

In the VHS *Best of Adam Sandler* release, a disclaimer is added that explicitly states that Canteen Boy is 27 years old and that the sketch is based on actual events (with some elements added in for dramatic effect). This disclaimer has also been put in the NBC 90-minute rerun, the version shown on the *Best of Alec Baldwin* DVD, and versions shown on NBC's *SNL* app as well as on Netflix and Hulu. The 60-minute version shown on some cable channels omit the sketch.

Sandler later reworked Canteen Boy by amalgamating him with Cajun Man, another SNL character played by Sandler. Both characters were merged into the protagonist of Sandler's 1998 film *The Waterboy*.

## List of appearances


title: À tout casser (song)

abstract: "À tout casser" is a song by French singer and actor Johnny Hallyday. It was used in the opening title sequence of the 1968 film of the same name. Hallyday also released it as a single and on his 1968 studio album Jeune homme The B-side "Cheval d'acier" also appears in the film, where Hallyday performs it on stage.

text:
# À tout casser (song)

"**À tout casser**" is a song by French singer and actor Johnny Hallyday. It was used in the opening title sequence of the 1968 film of the same name. Hallyday also released it as a single and on his 1968 studio album *Jeune homme* ("Young man") The B-side "Cheval d'acier" ("Steel horse") also appears in the film, where Hallyday performs it on stage.

## Composition and writing

The song was written by Johnny Hallyday, Georges Aber, and Tommy Brown. The recording was produced by Micky Jones, Tommy Brown, and Lee Hallyday.

## Commercial performance

In France the single spent two weeks at no. 1 on the singles sales chart.

## Track listing

**7" single Philips B 370.639 F** (1968, France etc.)

A. "À tout casser" (2:48) B. "Cheval d'acier" (2:29)

## Charts

| Chart (1968) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 11 |
| France (Singles Sales) | 1 |

## InfoBox

| "À tout casser" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Johnny Hallyday | |
| from the album  *Jeune homme* | |
| Language | French |
| English title | Breaking everything |
| B-side | "Cheval d'acier" |
| Released | 2 April 1968 (1968-04-02) |
| Recorded | September 1967 |
| Studio | Studio Blanqui, Studio La Gaité (Paris)
Olympic Studios, Chappell Recording Studio (London) |
| Genre | Rock |
| Length | 2:48 |
| Label | Philips |
| Songwriter(s) | Johnny Hallyday, Georges Aber, Tommy Brown |
| Lyricist(s) | Georges Aber |
| Producer(s) | Micky Jones, Tommy Brown, Lee Hallyday |
| Johnny Hallyday singles chronology | |
| "L'histoire de Bonnie and Clyde"
(1968) "**À tout casser**"
(1968) "Le ciel nous fait rêver"
(1968) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "À tout casser" (French TV, 1968) on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: C. C. Crenshaw

abstract: Clarence C. Crenshaw was an American politician from Arizona. He served a single term in the Arizona State Senate, in the 10th, holding the single seat from Santa Cruz County. Crenshaw was originally from Memphis, Tennessee, born in 1883. Crenshaw was a member of the Nogales Board of Aldermen. In 1924, Crenshaw was elected to the Arizona House of Representatives, holding the single seat from Santa Cruz County. In 1930, Crenshaw ran for the Arizona State Senate. He defeated F. A. French in the Democrat primary, and then defeated O. A. Smith in the general election in November. He ran for re-election in 1932, but was defeated by James A. Harrison in the Democrat primary. In 1938, he was made a police court judge in Nogales. He held that position until he became ill in 1939. In June of that year he entered the Veteran's Hospital in Tucson, where he remained until his death on February 24, 1940.

text:
# C. C. Crenshaw

**Clarence C. Crenshaw** was an American politician from Arizona. He served a single term in the Arizona State Senate, in the 10th, holding the single seat from Santa Cruz County. Crenshaw was originally from Memphis, Tennessee, born in 1883.

Crenshaw was a member of the Nogales Board of Aldermen. In 1924, Crenshaw was elected to the Arizona House of Representatives, holding the single seat from Santa Cruz County. In 1930, Crenshaw ran for the Arizona State Senate. He defeated F. A. French in the Democrat primary, and then defeated O. A. Smith in the general election in November. He ran for re-election in 1932, but was defeated by James A. Harrison in the Democrat primary. In 1938, he was made a police court judge in Nogales. He held that position until he became ill in 1939. In June of that year he entered the Veteran's Hospital in Tucson, where he remained until his death on February 24, 1940.

## InfoBox

| C. C. Crenshaw | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Arizona Senate
from the Santa Cruz County district | |
| **In office**
January 1931  December 1932 | |
| Preceded by | Andrew Bettwy |
| Succeeded by | J. A. Harrison |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Profession | Politician |
|  | |