abstract: The twelfth season of Big Brother Suomi premiered on 6 September 2020 and was aired on Nelonen. This season was longer than the eleventh season and ran for 12 weeks. Elina Kottonen returned to host the main show. The Daily Show was co-hosted by Kimmo Vehviläinen and Alma Hätönen. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all of the official housemates must test negative for COVID-19 twice before entering the house. Housemates directly entered the house on their own without being introduced one by one at the studio during the live launch show. Each live show on Sunday featured a small live studio audience that is sitting loosely while wearing face masks. The house this year is designed by Aalto University's space design students.

text:
# Big Brother (Finnish TV series) season 12

The twelfth season of *Big Brother Suomi* premiered on 6 September 2020 and was aired on Nelonen. This season was longer than the eleventh season and ran for 12 weeks.

Elina Kottonen returned to host the main show. The Daily Show was co-hosted by Kimmo Vehviläinen and Alma Hätönen.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all of the official housemates must test negative for COVID-19 twice before entering the house. Housemates directly entered the house on their own without being introduced one by one at the studio during the live launch show. Each live show on Sunday featured a small live studio audience that is sitting loosely while wearing face masks.

The house this year is designed by Aalto University's space design students.

## Housemates

| Housemates | Age on Entry | Occupation | Residence | Day entered | Day exited | Status |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Joel Jämsinen | 25 | Landscaping worker | Jyväskylä | 1 | 85 | Winner |
| Kristiina Jönkkäri | 21 | Electrician | Vantaa | 1 | 85 | Runner-up |
| Arttu Liimatainen | 26 | Production engineer | Oulu | 1 | 85 | 3rd Place |
| Paula Lujala | 40 | Personal trainer | Pori | 1 | 85 | 4th Place |
| Olli-Pekka Parviainen | 27 | Garbage truck driver | Vantaa | 1 | 84 | Evicted |
| Julia Willman | 23 | Supermarket staff | Hyvinkää | 43 | 83 | Evicted |
| Vili Haara | 27 | Bar owner | Tampere | 43 | 78 | Evicted |
| Marko Karonen | 34 | Entrepreneur | Säkylä | 1 | 71 | Evicted |
| Timo Paasikunnas | 53 | Zookeeper | Loviisa | 1 | 64 | Evicted |
| Ella Toivainen | 23 | Café shop staff | Helsinki | 1 | 57 | Evicted |
| Nona Korkiakoski | 37 | Bartender | Kittilä | 43 | 50 | Evicted |
| Marjatta Aarnio | 72 | Retired secretary | Helsinki | 43 | 50 | Evicted |
| Sami Ronkola | 27 | Preschool teacher | Kerava | 1 | 43 | Evicted |
| Kati Sirkola | 32 | Crossfit coach, personal trainer and bartender | Vaasa | 1 | 43 | Evicted |
| Roope Niemi | 22 | Cinema staff | Espoo | 1 | 36 | Evicted |
| Sasa Kasemets | 26 | HR coordinator | Turku | 1 | 29 | Evicted |
| Niko Seyyedi | 25 | Homemaker | Espoo | 1 | 22 | Evicted |
| Minna Pesonen | 39 | Verger | Varkaus | 1 | 15 | Evicted |
| Sini Liljeqvist | 33 | Deputy judge and lawyer | Pori | 1 | 9 | Walked |
| Tiia Viinikainen | 41 | University teacher | Veikkola | 1 | 8 | Evicted |

## Effect by the evicted housemate

During this season, the evicted housemate still got the chance to influence the house.

| Week | Evicted housemate | Effect | Given to |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | Tiia | Choose a resident who moves from the Summer Cottage to the Main House. | Marko |
| 3 | Minna | Choose a resident transfer to the animal side. | Ella |
| 4 | Niko | Different tasks on a weekly task. | Sami |
| 5 | Sasa | Cannot enter the kitchen anymore. | Kati |
| 6 | Roope | Must work as house's sleeping fairy, covering housemates up with the sleeping blanket, tell bedtime stories to others, etc. | Marko |
| 7 | Kati and Sami | Serves as B&B's official waitress and chef. | Arttu and Olli-Pekka |
| 8 | Nona and Marjatta | Found the third party. | Joel and Paula |
| 9 | Ella | Must work as house's personal knitting coach to other housemates. | Timo |
| 10 | Timo | Work as the producer of the Vintage Tube studio. | Arttu |
| 11 | Marko | Become the captain of the pirate ship. | Kristiina |
| 12 | Vili | Work as Santa's reindeer. | Paula |

## House division

On launch night, it was revealed by the host that half of the housemates would not enter the *Big Brother House*, instead, they entered the *BB Summer Cottage*. The *BB Summer Cottage* is located in the task area on the roof of the *Big Brother House*. Both areas were merged since the end of the weekly task of Week 3.

|  | Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Merged |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Arttu | Main House | | Farmer | |
| Ella | Main House | | Animal | |
| Joel | Main House | | Farmer | |
| Kati | Main House | | Farmer | |
| Kristiina | Summer Cottage | | Animal | |
| Marko | Summer Cottage | Main House | Farmer | |
| Niko | Summer Cottage | | Animal | |
| Olli-Pekka | Summer Cottage | | Animal | |
| Paula | Summer Cottage | | Animal | |
| Roope | Summer Cottage | | Animal | |
| Sami | Summer Cottage | | Animal | |
| Sasa | Main House | | Farmer | |
| Timo | Main House | | Farmer | |
| Minna | Main House | Summer Cottage |  | |
| Sini | Main House | |  | |
| Tiia | Summer Cottage |  |  | |

## Nominations table

The first housemate in each box was nominated for two points, and the second housemate was nominated for one point.

|  | Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4 | Week 5 | Week 6 | Week 7 | Week 8 | Week 9 | Week 10 | Week 11 | | | Week 12 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Fake nominations | Public nomination | House vote | Day 83 | Day 84 | Final | |
| Joel | Sini
Ella | *Exempt* | Sami
Olli-Pekka | Sasa
Paula | Sami
Ella | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Paula
Ella | Paula
Vili | Paula
Vili | Arttu
Olli-Pekka | *Not
eligible* | Vili | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | **Winner**
(Day 85) | |
| Kristiina | Olli-Pekka
Marko | Sami
Minna | Roope
Joel | Roope
Ella | Olli-Pekka
Marko | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Paula
Marko | Marko
Paula | Marko
Vili | Julia
Joel | *Not
eligible* | Vili | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | **Runner-Up**
(Day 85) | |
| Arttu | Ella
Minna | *Exempt* | Roope
Sami | Roope
Marko | Roope
Marko | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Marko
Timo | Vili
Marko | Marko
Julia | Joel
Olli-Pekka | *Not
eligible* | Vili | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | **Third place**
(Day 85) | |
| Paula | Tiia
Kristiina | Minna
Kristiina | Niko
Kristiina | Kristiina
Sasa | Timo
Joel | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Kristiina
Timo | Julia
Kristiina | Julia
Kristiina | Arttu
Kristiina | *Not
eligible* | *Nominated* | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | **Fourth place**
(Day 85) | |
| Olli-Pekka | Tiia
Kristiina | Minna
Kristiina | Kristiina
Marko | Ella
Sami | Sami
Joel | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Ella
Paula | Kristiina
Timo | Kristiina
Vili | Joel
Arttu | *Not
eligible* | Vili | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | *Evicted*
(Day 84) | |
| Julia | *Not in
House* | | | | | | *Nominated* | Paula
Ella | Paula
Arttu | Vili
Paula | Kristiina
Joel | *Not
eligible* | Vili | *No
nominations* | *Evicted*
(Day 83) | | |
| Vili | *Not in
House* | | | | | | *Nominated* | Ella
Kristiina | Timo
Joel | Joel
Marko | Paula
Arttu | *Not
eligible* | *Nominated* | *Evicted*
(Day 78) | | | |
| Marko | Tiia
Niko | *Exempt* | Ella
Olli-Pekka | Kristiina
Arttu | Timo
Arttu | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Paula
Ella | Arttu
Vili | Arttu
Vili | *Evicted*
(Day 71) | | | | | | |
| Timo | Minna
Sasa | *Exempt* | Marko
Sasa | Sasa
Marko | Marko
Paula | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Paula
Ella | Vili
Paula | *Evicted*
(Day 64) | | | | | | | |
| Ella | Minna
Joel | *Exempt* | Sami
Marko | Sami
Kristiina | Kristiina
Timo | *No
nominations* | *No
nominations* | Marko
Olli-Pekka | *Evicted*
(Day 57) | | | | | | | | |
| Nona | *Not in
House* | | | | | | *Nominated* | *Evicted*
(Day 50) | | | | | | | | | |
| Marjatta | *Not in
House* | | | | | | *Nominated* | *Evicted*
(Day 50) | | | | | | | | | |
| Sami | Kristiina
Roope | Minna
Niko | Niko
Timo | Roope
Ella | Roope
Kristiina | *No
nominations* | *Evicted*
(Day 43) | | | | | | | | | | |
| Kati | Minna
Arttu | *Exempt* | Kristiina
Sami | Kristiina
Sasa | Kristiina
Sami | *No
nominations* | *Evicted*
(Day 43) | | | | | | | | | | |
| Roope | Tiia
Sami | Sami
Minna | Sami
Kristiina | Arttu
Kristiina | Sami
Kristiina | *Evicted*
(Day 36) | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sasa | Minna
Timo | *Exempt* | Sami
Kristiina | Timo
Sami | *Evicted*
(Day 29) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Niko | Tiia
Paula | Sami
Paula | Paula
Sami | *Evicted*
(Day 22) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Minna | Sini
Kati | Sami
Paula | *Evicted*
(Day 15) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sini | Minna
Joel | *Walked*
(Day 9) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Tiia | Sami
Marko | *Evicted*
(Day 8) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rescue points | *none* | | | Kristiina (-2) | Kristiina (-2) | *none* | | Marko (-2) | Marko (-2) | Marko (-2) | *none* | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Notes | *,* | *,* | *none* |  |  |  |  | *,* |  |  | *10*, *11* | | | *12* | | | |
| Nominated
for eviction | Minna
Tiia | Minna
Sami | Kristiina
Marko
Niko
Roope
Sami | Kristiina
Roope
Sasa | Kristiina
Marko
Roope
Sami
Timo | All Housemates | Julia
Marjatta
Nona
Vili | Ella
Paula | Arttu
Kristiina
Paula
Timo
Vili | Julia
Kristiina
Marko
Paula
Vili | *none* | | Paula
Vili | Arttu
Joel
Julia
Kristiina
Olli-Pekka
Paula | | | |
| Walked | *none* | **Sini** | *none* | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Evicted | **Tiia**
12.1%
to save | **Minna**
49.5%
to save | **Niko**
16.6%
to save | **Sasa**
31.7%
to save | **Roope**
18.0%
to save | **Kati**
25.8%
to evict | **Marjatta**
8.9%
to save | **Ella**
26%
to save | **Timo**
18.9%
to save | **Marko**
18.9%
to save | *none* | **Vili**
31.5%
to nominate | **Vili**
5 of 5 votes
to evict | **Julia**
11.7%
to win | **Olli-Pekka**
18.0%
to win | **Paula**
19%
(out of 4) | **Arttu**
22.1%
(out of 3) |
| | | | | | **Minna**
Fake evict
to move | **Sami**
25.3%
to evict | | | | | **Nona**
29.7%
to save | | | | **Paula**
24.1%
to nominate | **Kristiina**
33.8%
(out of 2) | |
| Saved | **Minna**
87.9%
to save | **Sami**
50.5%
to save | **Marko**
22.9%
**Roope**
22.9%
**Kristiina**
19.2%
**Sami**
18.4%
to save | **Roope**
34.5%
**Kristiina**
33.8%
to save | **Marko**
21.9%
**Timo**
21.4%
**Kristiina**
20.6%
**Sami**
18.1%
to save | **Ella**
25.1%
**Arttu**
14.8%
**Kristiina**
4.4%
**Paula**
2.1%
**Olli-Pekka**
1.7%
**Marko**
0.4%
**Joel**
0.3%
**Timo**
0.1%
to evict | **Julia**
29.8%
**Vili**
31.6%
to save | **Paula**
74%
to save | **Kristiina**
22.0%
**Paula**
20.3%
**Vili**
19.7%
**Arttu**
19.1%
to save | | **Kristiina**
22.3%
**Vili**
19.8%
**Paula**
19.6%
**Julia**
19.4%
to save | **Arttu**
24.0%
**Kristiina**
9.8%
**Olli-Pekka**
7.9%
**Julia**
1.9%
**Joel**
0.8%
to nominate | **Paula**
0 of 5 votes
to evict | **Olli-Pekka**
21.2%
**Joel**
20.0%
**Kristiina**
18.1%
**Paula**
16.5%
**Arttu**
12.5%
to win | **Kristiina**
22.9%
**Joel**
21.8%
**Arttu**
19.0%
**Paula**
18.3%
to win | **Joel**
66.2%
to win | |

### Notes

* **^Note 1** : Big Brother split the housemates into two groups, with one group staying in the Main House and the other in the Summer Cottage. They could only vote for housemates in their own group. Only one housemate from each area would be nominated.
* **^Note 2** : After Tiia was evicted, Minna was fake evicted from the Main House and transferred to the BB Summer Cottage without the knowledge of the Main House housemates.
* **^Note 3** : Sini left the house on Day 9 for personal reasons.
* **^Note 4** : The Cottage lost the final performance of the duel-weekly mission and the Main House received protection from nominations.
* **^Note 5** : The viewers voted for Kristiina to receive two rescue points. The rescue points are deducted from the total nomination points.
* **^Note 6** : All housemates were up for eviction and two housemates would be evicted.
* **^Note 7** : Only new housemates were up for eviction. Two of them would be evicted.
* **^Note 8** : Julia and Vili were immune from the eviction as they are new housemates.
* **^Note 9** : The viewers voted for Marko to receive two rescue points. The rescue points are deducted from the total nomination points.
* **^Note 10** : This week, the nomination was up to the viewers. The two housemates who received the most votes are up for eviction. Then, housemates cast their votes on which one of them to leave.
* **^Note 11** : Fake nominations took place in the house.   This time, housemates voted for who they wanted to stay.
* **^Note 12** : For the final week, the public were voting to win rather than to save. The housemate who received the least votes to win would be evicted on Friday, and the next housemate with the least votes to win would be evicted on Saturday.

## Nominations points received

|  | Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4 | Week 5 | Week 6 | Week 7 | Week 8 | Week 9 | Week 10 | Week 11 | Week 12 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Joel | 2 | - | 1 | 0 | 2 | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | (-6) | **Winner** | 8 |
| Kristiina | 4 | 2 | 7 | 6 (8-2) | 4 (6-2) | - | - | 3 | 3 | 3 | (-3) | **Runner-up** | 32 |
| Arttu | 1 | - | 0 | 3 | 1 | - | - | 0 | 3 | 2 | (-6) | **3rd Place** | 10 |
| Paula | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | - | - | 11 | 6 | 3 | (-2) | **4th Place** | 37 |
| Olli-Pekka | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | - | - | 1 | 0 | 0 | (-2) | *Evicted* | 7 |
| Julia | *Not in House* | | | | | | - | - | 2 | 3 | (-2) | *Evicted* | 5 |
| Vili | *Not in House* | | | | | | - | - | 6 | 6 | (0) | *Evicted* | 12 |
| Marko | 2 | - | 4 | 2 | 4 | - | - | 3 (5-2) | 1 (3-2) | 3 (5-2) | *Evicted* | | 19 |
| Timo | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | 5 | - | - | 2 | 3 | *Evicted* | | | 14 |
| Ella | 3 | - | 2 | 4 | 1 | - | - | 8 | *Evicted* | | | | 18 |
| Nona | *Not in House* | | | | | | - | *Evicted* | | | | | 0 |
| Marjatta | *Not in House* | | | | | | - | *Evicted* | | | | | 0 |
| Kati | 1 | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | *Evicted* | | | | | | 1 |
| Sami | 3 | 8 | 11 | 4 | 7 | - | *Evicted* | | | | | | 33 |
| Roope | 1 | 0 | 4 | 6 | 4 | *Evicted* | | | | | | | 15 |
| Sasa | 1 | - | 1 | 6 | *Evicted* | | | | | | | | 8 |
| Niko | 1 | 1 | 4 | *Evicted* | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| Minna | 11 | 8 | *Evicted* | | | | | | | | | | 19 |
| Sini | 4 | *Walked* | | | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| Tiia | 10 | *Evicted* | | | | | | | | | | | 10 |

## InfoBox

| *Big Brother* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 12 | |
|  | |
| Presented by | Elina Kottonen
Kimmo Vehviläinen
Alma Hätönen |
| No. of days | 85 |
| No. of housemates | 20 |
| Winner | Joel Jämsinen |
| Runner-up | Kristiina Jönkkäri |
|  | |
| No. of episodes | 85 |
| Release | |
| Original network | Nelonen |
| Original release | 6 September (2020-09-06)
29 November 2020 (2020-11-29) |
| Season chronology | |


title: Robert Shallcross

abstract: Robert Shallcross is an American film director and screenwriter and advertising writer. He worked for many years in the advertising business in Chicago. He crossed into feature-length films as a writer for the family comedy Little Giants (1994). He followed this up with Bored Silly (2000), and the family film Uncle Nino (2003).

text:
# Robert Shallcross

**Robert Shallcross** is an American film director and screenwriter and advertising writer. He worked for many years in the advertising business in Chicago. He crossed into feature-length films as a writer for the family comedy *Little Giants* (1994). He followed this up with *Bored Silly* (2000), and the family film *Uncle Nino* (2003).

## InfoBox

| Robert Shallcross | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | United States |
| Occupation(s) | Film director, screenwriter |


title: Bill Corcoran

abstract: William J. Corcoran is a Canadian film and television director. As a television director his credits include Friday the 13th, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, 21 Jump Street, The Long Kill, Wiseguy, MacGyver, Hope Island, New York Undercover, Mutant X, Stargate SG-1, Pensacola: Wings of Gold, and The Immortal among other series. He has also directed a number of television films. Corcoran graduated from Trent University.

text:
# Bill Corcoran

**William J. Corcoran** is a Canadian film and television director.

As a television director his credits include *Friday the 13th*, *Alfred Hitchcock Presents*, *21 Jump Street*, *The Long Kill*, *Wiseguy*, *MacGyver*, *Hope Island*, *New York Undercover*, *Mutant X*, *Stargate SG-1*, *Pensacola: Wings of Gold*, and *The Immortal* among other series. He has also directed a number of television films.

Corcoran graduated from Trent University.

## InfoBox

| Bill Corcoran | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | William J. Corcoran
(1951-01-19) January 19, 1951
Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Alma mater | Trent University/Brebeuf College School |
| Occupation(s) | Film director, television director |
| Years active | 1971–present |


abstract: The Big Baller Brand International Tournament was a round-robin basketball tournament hosted by Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas of the Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL) that featured three teams from different European countries. It began on February 25 and ended on February 27, 2018, with a total of six games and three games per team. The competition took place at Prienai Arena in Prienai, Lithuania, with the games featuring Vytautas being streamed through Facebook. Wilki Morskie Szczecin, who play in the Polish Basketball League (PLK), claimed the tournament title after winning all three games and defeating runners-up, the Latvian second-tier VEF Rīga Skola, 94–74 in the deciding game. Slovenian team Helios Suns Domžale and hosts Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas finished in third and fourth place respectively.

text:
# Big Baller Brand International Tournament

The **Big Baller Brand International Tournament** was a round-robin basketball tournament hosted by Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas of the Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL) that featured three teams from different European countries. It began on February 25 and ended on February 27, 2018, with a total of six games and three games per team. The competition took place at Prienai Arena in Prienai, Lithuania, with the games featuring Vytautas being streamed through Facebook.

Wilki Morskie Szczecin, who play in the Polish Basketball League (PLK), claimed the tournament title after winning all three games and defeating runners-up, the Latvian second-tier VEF Rīga Skola, 94–74 in the deciding game. Slovenian team Helios Suns Domžale and hosts Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas finished in third and fourth place respectively.

## History

Following the Big Baller Brand Challenge Games, a series of exhibition games hosted by Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas in January 2018 to feature new American signees LaMelo and LiAngelo Ball, it was announced that the team was planning to hold a similar competition at the end of February. At the time, Vytautas offered several top European youth clubs to participate, and in the following weeks, it was revealed that they had also invited Italian teams. In addition, Vytautas attempted to bring Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL) teams to the competition, but according to team general manager Adomas Kubilius, they turned down the invitations for financial reasons and due to the lack of defense in the exhibition games. On February 19, 2018, Vytautas officially announced the Big Baller Brand International Tournament. The tournament was played in a single round-robin format, with each team meeting all the other teams one time and final standings being determined by record.

The Big Baller Brand International Tournament was sponsored by Big Baller Brand, a sports apparel company owned by LaVar Ball, the father of Vytautas players LaMelo and LiAngelo Ball. LaVar Ball also assumed the head coaching position for Vytautas during the tournament. The games that featured Vytautas were streamed live on Facebook through the Ballislife.com page.

## Venue

| Prienai, Lithuania | PrienaiBig Baller Brand International Tournament (Europe) |
| --- | --- |
| | Prienai Arena |
| | Capacity: 1,500 |
| |  |

## Teams

The tournament featured four teams, with the three visiting clubs being based outside of Lithuania. VEF Rīga Skola, the youth team of VEF Rīga, was among the competitors.

| Team | Country | League (2017–18) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Helios Suns Domžale | Slovenia | Slovenian Basketball League |
| Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas | Lithuania | Lithuanian Basketball League |
| VEF Rīga Skola | Latvia | Latvian Basketball League-2 |
| Wilki Morskie Szczecin | Poland | Polish Basketball League |

## First round

### Helios Suns Domžale vs. Wilki Morskie Szczecin

| 25 February 2018 | Helios Suns Domžale | 75**80** | **Wilki Morskie Szczecin** | Prienai, Lithuania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18:00 (EET) | **Scoring by quarter:** **22**–21, 12-**24**, **24**–13, 17–**22** | | |
|  | **Pts:** Pelko 27
**Rebs:** Đumić 7
**Asts:** Pelko 8 | Boxscore | **Pts:** Benjamin 17
**Rebs:** Benjamin 10
**Asts:** Bartosz 5 | Arena: Prienai Arena
Attendance: 200
Referees: Juozas Barkauskas (LTU), Šarūnas Gabrilavičius (LTU), Mantas Butvilas (LTU)
 |  |

| Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **6**  Matej Rojc 0 0 0   SG **7**  Jure Pelko 27 2 8   SF **4**  Jaka Brodnik 14 4 1   PF **10**  Urban Oman 6 6 2   **15**  Božo Đumić 11 7 0   Reserves:     PG **17**  Nejc Klavžar 4 2 1   PF **24**  Jure Besedič 11 2 2   **32**  Alexander Shashkov 0 3 0   SF **51**  Jakob Strel 2 0 1   **8**  Adrian Jogan DNP   Head coach:  Jovan Beader |
 | Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **3**  Carlos Medlock 9 1 1   SG **8**  Martynas Paliukėnas 2 3 4   SF **11**  Paweł Kikowski 15 2 2   PF **6**  Tauras Jogėla 9 4 3   **34**  Darrell Harris 13 3 0   Reserves:     **31**  Kyle Benjamin 17 10 2   SF **92**  Kostas Jonuška 6 3 1   PF **15**  Mateusz Bartosz 9 9 5   PG **7**  Sebastian Kowalczyk 1 1 1   SG **12**  Maciej Majcherek 0 0 0   SF **20**  Łukasz Diduszko DNP   PF **25**  Maciej Adamkiewicz DNP   Head coach:  Mindaugas Budzinauskas |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas vs. VEF Rīga Skola

In both teams' debut at the Big Baller brand International Tournament, VEF Rīga Skola defeated Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas with a final score of 144−133. VEF Skola was spearheaded by Nikolajs Zotovs, who led his team with 29 points and 14 assists, along with 10 turnovers. The visiting side was also headlined by Klāvs Čavars and Arnolds Helmanis, who both recorded double-doubles while scoring 25 or more points. Edvinas Šeškus paced Vytautas with 35 points, shooting 13-of-20 from the field, while LiAngelo and LaMelo Ball scored 32 and 31 points respectively. Vytautas led by as many as 29 points in the first quarter, but after the hosts substituted all five starters, VEF Skola quickly reduced their deficit. The offense-driven game marked LaVar Ball's first loss as an assistant or head coach, as he won two games holding either position in the Big Baller Brand Challenge Games.

| 25 February 2018 | Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas | 133**141** | **VEF Rīga Skola** | Prienai, Lithuania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21:00 (EET) | **Scoring by quarter:** **49**–25, 22–**38**, 31–**32**, 31–**46** | | |
|  | **Pts:** Šeškus 35
**Rebs:** Miniotas 13
**Asts:** La. Ball 8 | Boxscore | **Pts:** Zotovs 29
**Rebs:** Čavars 12
**Asts:** Zotovs 14 | Arena: Prienai Arena
Attendance: 800
Referees: Jurgis Laurinavičius (LTU), Juozas Barkauskas (LTU), Mantas Butvilas (LTU)
 |  |

| Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **1**  LaMelo Ball 31 5 8   SG **3**  LiAngelo Ball 32 5 4   SF **9**  Edvinas Šeškus 35 3 3   PF **22**  Regimantas Miniotas 3 13 2   **55**  Kervin Bristol 2 7 1   Reserves:     SF **31**  Justas Sinica 14 1 0   PG **16**  Rashaun Broadus 7 1 7   SF **6**  Eigirdas Žukauskas 3 5 7   PF **11**  Egidijus Dimša 6 8 0   PG **5**  Gediminas Maceina 0 1 2   SG **33**  Tomas Dimša 0 0 0   SF **7**  Bartas Aleksandravičius DNP   Head coach:  LaVar Ball |
 | Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **9**  Nikolajs Zotovs 29 7 14   SG **10**  Eduards Hāzners 24 2 6   SF **7**  Arnolds Helmanis 25 10 0   PF **55**  Niks Jansons 10 7 3   **33**  Klāvs Čavars 27 12 0   Reserves:     SG **15**  Oskars Hlebovickis 9 4 1   SF **21**  Francis Lācis 8 6 2   SG **1**  Rodrigo Būmeisters 2 7 5   **14**  Maksims Hudins 4 5 1   PF **18**  Niks Līnis 3 1 0   PG **30**  Emils Krūminš 0 0 0   **20**  Māris Ramanis 0 0 0   Head coach:  Raimonds Feldmanis |
| --- | --- | --- |

## Second round

### Helios Suns Domžale vs. VEF Rīga Skola

| 26 February 2018 | Helios Suns Domžale | 89**94**0(OT) | **VEF Rīga Skola** | Prienai, Lithuania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18:00 (EET) | **Scoring by quarter:** **22**–21, 25–**27**, **18**–15, 14–**16**, **Overtime:** 10–**15** | | |
|  | **Pts:** Đumić 22
**Rebs:** Brodnik 11
**Asts:** Pelko 5 | Boxscore | **Pts:** Zotovs 30
**Rebs:** Hlebovickis 8
**Asts:** Zotovs 8 | Arena: Prienai Arena
Attendance: 150
Referees: Gvidas Gedvilas (LTU), Ignas Davainis (LTU), Andžej Urbanovič (LTU)
 |  |

| Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **17**  Nejc Klavžar 6 3 1   SG **7**  Jure Pelko 18 7 5   SF **4**  Jaka Brodnik 21 11 4   PF **10**  Urban Oman 7 4 1   **24**  Jure Besedič 4 3 1   Reserves:     **15**  Božo Đumić 22 5 2   **32**  Alexander Shashkov 11 6 3   SF **51**  Jakob Strel 0 1 1   **8**  Adrian Jogan DNP   PG **6**  Matej Rojc DNP   Head coach:  Jovan Beader |
 | Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **9**  Nikolajs Zotovs 30 7 8   SG **10**  Eduards Hāzners 25 3 3   SF **21**  Francis Lācis 6 6 2   PF **55**  Niks Jansons 0 1 0   **33**  Klāvs Čavars 15 5 1   Reserves:     SG **15**  Oskars Hlebovickis 13 8 0   SG **1**  Rodrigo Būmeisters 3 2 3   **20**  Māris Ramanis 2 4 0   **14**  Maksims Hudins 0 2 0   PF **18**  Niks Līnis 0 0 0   PG **30**  Emils Krūminš 0 0 0   SF **7**  Arnolds Helmanis DNP   Head coach:  Raimonds Feldmanis |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas vs. Wilki Morskie Szczecin

In the final game of the second round, Wilki Morskie Szczecin improved to 2–0 in the tournament with a decisive 32-point victory over Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas. The winning team was led by Tauras Jogėla, who chipped in a team-high 24 points, and Kyle Benjamin, who notched a double-double of 14 points and 14 rebounds. For Vytautas, LiAngelo Ball led all scorers with 26 points in 40 minutes, shooting 1-of-9 from the three-point line. In 28 minutes, LaMelo Ball recorded nine assists to lead his team, but shot 0-of-7 on three-pointers and had 10 points before being sidelined with a leg injury.

| 26 February 2018 | Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas | 96**128** | **Wilki Morskie Szczecin** | Prienai, Lithuania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21:00 (EET) | **Scoring by quarter:** 24–**34**, 24–**27**, 30–**32**, 18–**35** | | |
|  | **Pts:** Li. Ball 26
**Rebs:** Miniotas 7
**Asts:** La. Ball 9 | Boxscore | **Pts:** Jogėla 24
**Rebs:** Benjamin 14
**Asts:** Paliukėnas 8 | Arena: Prienai Arena
Attendance: 500
Referees: Jurgis Laurinavičius (LTU), Juozas Barkauskas (LTU), Šarūnas Gabrilavičius (LTU)
 |  |

| Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **1**  LaMelo Ball 10 5 9   SG **3**  LiAngelo Ball 26 5 0   SF **9**  Edvinas Šeškus 16 1 2   PF **22**  Regimantas Miniotas 13 7 2   **55**  Kervin Bristol 6 6 0   Reserves:     PF **11**  Egidijus Dimša 13 4 0   SF **31**  Justas Sinica 7 3 3   PG **16**  Rashaun Broadus 5 2 6   SF **6**  Eigirdas Žukauskas 0 3 0   SF **7**  Bartas Aleksandravičius 0 0 0   PG **5**  Gediminas Maceina DNP   SG **33**  Tomas Dimša DNP   Head coach:  LaVar Ball |
 | Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **3**  Carlos Medlock 20 1 4   SG **8**  Martynas Paliukėnas 18 3 8   SF **11**  Paweł Kikowski 18 2 5   PF **6**  Tauras Jogėla 24 5 1   **31**  Kyle Benjamin 14 14 1   Reserves:     SF **20**  Łukasz Diduszko 13 7 2   PG **7**  Sebastian Kowalczyk 7 1 3   **34**  Darrell Harris 2 4 0   SF **92**  Kostas Jonuška 4 0 2   PF **15**  Mateusz Bartosz 3 4 2   SG **12**  Maciej Majcherek 3 1 1   PF **25**  Maciej Adamkiewicz 2 3 1   Head coach:  Mindaugas Budzinauskas |
| --- | --- | --- |

## Third round

### Wilki Morskie Szczecin vs. VEF Rīga Skola

| 27 February 2018 | **Wilki Morskie Szczecin** | **94**74 | VEF Rīga Skola | Prienai, Lithuania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 18:00 (EET) | **Scoring by quarter:** **23**–20, 20–20, **24**–21, **27**–13 | | |
|  | **Pts:** Benjamin 23
**Rebs:** Benjamin 7
**Asts:** Kowalczyk, Paliukėnas 4 | Boxscore | **Pts:** Hāzners 18
**Rebs:** Čavars 9
**Asts:** Lācis, Zotovs 3 | Arena: Prienai Arena
Attendance: 100
 |  |

| Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **7**  Sebastian Kowalczyk 11 3 4   SG **20**  Łukasz Diduszko 4 4 1   SF **11**  Paweł Kikowski 12 1 3   PF **6**  Tauras Jogėla 14 4 2   **31**  Kyle Benjamin 23 7 0   Reserves:     PG **3**  Carlos Medlock 12 5 3   SG **8**  Martynas Paliukėnas 13 2 4   SF **92**  Kostas Jonuška 2 3 2   SG **12**  Maciej Majcherek 3 2 0   PF **25**  Maciej Adamkiewicz 0 1 1   **34**  Darrell Harris DNP   PF **15**  Mateusz Bartosz DNP   Head coach:  Mindaugas Budzinauskas |
 | Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **9**  Nikolajs Zotovs 14 5 3   SG **10**  Eduards Hāzners 18 2 1   SF **21**  Francis Lācis 4 4 3   PF **55**  Niks Jansons 3 1 2   **33**  Klāvs Čavars 14 9 1   Reserves:     SG **15**  Oskars Hlebovickis 10 6 2   SG **1**  Rodrigo Būmeisters 9 2 0   **20**  Māris Ramanis 2 2 0   PF **18**  Niks Līnis 0 2 1   **14**  Maksims Hudins 0 0 0   PG **30**  Emils Krūminš 0 0 0   SF **7**  Arnolds Helmanis DNP   Head coach:  Raimonds Feldmanis |
| --- | --- | --- |

### Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas vs. Helios Suns Domžale

In the concluding game of the Big Baller Brand International Tournament, the Helios Suns Domžale left the tournament with a third-place finish over Vytautas with a 96–87 win. The Helios Suns were led by Urban Oman and Nejc Klavžar with 22 points each, the latter of whom also tied Božo Đumić for assists with 6 each; Đumić also led the team with 8 rebounds. In the aftermath of Vytautas' previous game in the tournament, LaMelo Ball did not play the last game of the tournament. LiAngelo Ball led all scorers with 30 points, while Kervin Bristol led all players with 14 rebounds and Gediminas Maceina recorded a double-double with 11 points and a game-leading 10 assists.

| 27 February 2018 | Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas | 87**96** | **Helios Suns Domžale** | Prienai, Lithuania |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21:00 (EET) | **Scoring by quarter:** 21–**23**, **26**–22, 23–23, 17–**28** | | |
|  | **Pts:** Li. Ball 30
**Rebs:** Bristol 14
**Asts:** Maceina 10 |  | **Pts:** Oman, Klavžar 22
**Rebs:** Đumić 8
**Asts:** Klavžar, Đumić 6 | Arena: Prienai Arena
 |  |

| Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **5**  Gediminas Maceina 11 5 10   SG **3**  LiAngelo Ball 30 8 1   SF **9**  Edvinas Šeškus 19 0 0   PF **22**  Regimantas Miniotas 9 10 1   **55**  Kervin Bristol 8 14 1   Reserves:     SF **31**  Justas Sinica 3 2 0   PG **16**  Rashaun Broadus 0 1 4   SF **6**  Eigirdas Žukauskas 2 0 1   PF **11**  Egidijus Dimša 5 3 0   SG **33**  Tomas Dimša DNP   PG **1**  LaMelo Ball DNP   SF **7**  Bartas Aleksandravičius DNP   Head coach:  LaVar Ball |
 | Starters: Pts Reb Ast   PG **17**  Nejc Klavžar 22 5 6   SG **7**  Jure Pelko 16 5 2   SF **4**  Jaka Brodnik 14 6 5   PF **10**  Urban Oman 22 7 2   **24**  Jure Besedič 2 3 2   Reserves:     **15**  Božo Đumić 9 8 6   **32**  Alexander Shashkov 2 3 1   SF **51**  Jakob Strel 8 0 1   **8**  Adrian Jogan 1 1 0   PG **6**  Matej Rojc DNP   Head coach:  Jovan Beader |
| --- | --- | --- |

## Standings

| Rank | Team | Record |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Wilki Morskie Szczecin | 3–0 |
|  | VEF Rīga Skola | 2–1 |
|  | Helios Suns Domžale | 1–2 |
| 4th | Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas | 0–3 |

## InfoBox

Big Baller Brand International Tournament
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | February 25–27, 2018 (2018-02-25 2018-02-27) |
| Duration | February 25–27, 2018 |
| Venue | Prienai Arena |
| Location | Prienai, Lithuania |
| Coordinates | 54°38′52″N 23°57′41″E / 54.64778°N 23.96139°E / 54.64778; 23.96139 |
| Patron(s) | Big Baller Brand
Facebook
Ballislife.com |
| Organised by | Vytautas Prienai–Birštonas |
| Participants | 4 teams |


title: Big Bam Boo

abstract: Big Bam Boo were a British/Canadian male pop duo, comprising Simon Tedd and Shark. The band released their debut LP, Fun Faith & Fairplay on MCA/Uni in 1989. Tedd later changed his name to Simon Scardanelli. The single "Shooting From My Heart", entered the UK Singles Chart, on 28 January 1989, reaching #61. In the U.S.A. #21 Mainstream Rock, and was Top 40 in Canada.

text:
# Big Bam Boo

**Big Bam Boo** were a British/Canadian male pop duo, comprising Simon Tedd and Shark. The band released their debut LP, *Fun Faith & Fairplay* on MCA/Uni in 1989. Tedd later changed his name to Simon Scardanelli.

The single "Shooting From My Heart", entered the UK Singles Chart, on 28 January 1989, reaching #61. In the U.S.A. #21 Mainstream Rock, and was Top 40 in Canada.

## Discography

### Albums

| Year | Album | CAN | UK |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1989 | *Fun, Faith and Fairplay* | #68 | - |
|

### Singles

| Year | Song | CAN | UK |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1988 | "Fell Off a Mountain" | - | #90 |
| 1989 | "Shooting From My Heart" | #36 | #61 |
| 1989 | "If You Could See Me Now" | #84 | - |
|

## InfoBox

| Big Bam Boo | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | United Kingdom |
| Genres | Pop, pop rock |
| Years active | 1987–1991 |
| Labels | MCA |
|  | |
| Past members | Simon Tedd<br>Shark |


title: Bill Buck (cricketer)

abstract: William Dalton Buck is a former English first-class cricketer. Buck was born in the Southampton suburb of Portswood in September 1946. He was educated at Clayesmore School and later St Luke's College. Buck represented both Hampshire and Somerset in 1969. He made his first-class debut, playing for Somerset in June 1969, against the touring West Indians at Taunton. In this match, he took his only wickets in first-class cricket, dismissing Test cricketers Roy Fredericks and Joey Carew. Two months later, he represented Hampshire against the touring New Zealanders at Southampton. He remains the only cricketer to play against two different touring teams in the same season, for two different counties. He would not feature in first-class cricket again and would later lament how he wished he had been allowed to pursue a first-class career with Somerset, where he saw more opportunities. However, Hampshire, having recently released Graham Roope to Surrey, were reluctant to release Buck. Following his eventual release by Hampshire, he largely gave up playing the game and moved into a teaching career. Despite having largely given up playing the game, he did achieve his advanced coaching certificate.

text:
# Bill Buck (cricketer)

**William Dalton Buck** (born 30 September 1946) is a former English first-class cricketer.

Buck was born in the Southampton suburb of Portswood in September 1946. He was educated at Clayesmore School and later St Luke's College. Buck represented both Hampshire and Somerset in 1969. He made his first-class debut, playing for Somerset in June 1969, against the touring West Indians at Taunton. In this match, he took his only wickets in first-class cricket, dismissing Test cricketers Roy Fredericks and Joey Carew. Two months later, he represented Hampshire against the touring New Zealanders at Southampton. He remains the only cricketer to play against two different touring teams in the same season, for two different counties. He would not feature in first-class cricket again and would later lament how he wished he had been allowed to pursue a first-class career with Somerset, where he saw more opportunities. However, Hampshire, having recently released Graham Roope to Surrey, were reluctant to release Buck. Following his eventual release by Hampshire, he largely gave up playing the game and moved into a teaching career. Despite having largely given up playing the game, he did achieve his advanced coaching certificate.

## InfoBox

Bill Buck
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | William Dalton Buck |
| Born | (1946-09-30) 30 September 1946<br>Southampton, Hampshire, England |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm medium |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1969 | Somerset |
| 1969 | Hampshire |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class  Matches 2  Runs scored 11  Batting average 5.50  100s/50s –/–  Top score 6  Balls bowled 264  Wickets 2  Bowling average 67.50  5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling 2/54  Catches/stumpings –/– | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 8 December 2009 | |


title: Bill Bryson's African Diary

abstract: Bill Bryson's African Diary is a 2002 book by bestselling travel writer Bill Bryson. The book details a trip Bryson took to Kenya in 2002. Bryson describes his experiences there and observations about Kenyan culture, geography, and politics, as well as his visits to poverty-fighting projects run by CARE International, to which he donated all royalties for the book.

text:
# Bill Bryson's African Diary

***Bill Bryson's African Diary*** is a 2002 book by bestselling travel writer Bill Bryson. The book details a trip Bryson took to Kenya in 2002. Bryson describes his experiences there and observations about Kenyan culture, geography, and politics, as well as his visits to poverty-fighting projects run by CARE International, to which he donated all royalties for the book.

## Reception

In a review published in the Guardian, Lionel Shriver was critical of the book's length, describing it as "less a book than a pamphlet". Shriver also disliked the book's tone, "a po-faced, gee-whizz sincerity ill-suited to a writer who has made his reputation for being light and wry (and even snide) in droll travel books."

## InfoBox

Bill Bryson's African Diary
| Cover of 2002 Doubleday hardback edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Bill Bryson |
| Illustrator | Neil Gower |
| Subject | Kenya |
| Genre | Travel |
| Publisher | Doubleday |
| Publication date | 2002 |
| Pages | 63 |
| ISBN | 0-7679-1506-2 |
| Preceded by | *Down Under* |
| Followed by | *A Short History of Nearly Everything* |


title: Big Horn Peak

abstract: Big Horn Peak is a 9,935-foot (3,028-metre) mountain summit in Gallatin County, Montana, United States.

text:
# Big Horn Peak

**Big Horn Peak** is a 9,935-foot (3,028-metre) mountain summit in Gallatin County, Montana, United States.

## Description

Big Horn Peak is located 40 miles (64 km) south of Bozeman in the Gallatin Range, which is a subrange of the Rocky Mountains. It is set on the common boundary shared by Yellowstone National Park and the Gallatin National Forest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain's north slope drains to the Yellowstone River via Tom Miner Creek, whereas the other slopes drain into tributaries of the nearby Gallatin River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 2,300 feet (701 meters) above North Fork Specimen Creek in 1.5 miles (2.4 km) and 1,300 feet (396 meters) above the headwaters of Tom Miner Creek in 0.5 miles (0.80 km). The approach to the remote summit is made from the scenic Sky Rim Trail with a 0.3-mile spur trail to the true summit. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted on May 7, 1930, by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Big Horn Peak is located in a subarctic climate zone characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F.

## InfoBox

| Big Horn Peak | |
| --- | --- |
| West aspect of the true summit | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 9,935 ft (3,028 m) |
| Prominence | 686 ft (209 m) |
| Parent peak | Sheep Mountain (10,100 ft) |
| Isolation | 3.21 mi (5.17 km) |
| Coordinates | 45°03′58″N 111°03′23″W / 45.0661557°N 111.0563488°W / 45.0661557; -111.0563488 |
| Geography | |
| Big Horn PeakLocation in MontanaBig Horn PeakBig Horn Peak (the United States) | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Montana |
| County | Gallatin |
| Protected area | Yellowstone National Park |
| Parent range | Gallatin Range<br>Rocky Mountains |
| Topo map | USGS *Big Horn Peak* |
| Geology | |
| Type of rock | Conglomerate |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | class 1 Sky Rim Trail |


title: Big Kiss Goodnight

abstract: Big Kiss Goodnight is the second studio album by Baltimore, Maryland hardcore punk band Trapped Under Ice. It was released in 2011 on Reaper Records.

text:
# Big Kiss Goodnight

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Punknews |  |

***Big Kiss Goodnight*** is the second studio album by Baltimore, Maryland hardcore punk band Trapped Under Ice. It was released in 2011 on Reaper Records.

## Track list

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Born to Die" | 3:01 |
| 2. | "Pleased to Meet You" | 2:34 |
| 3. | "Jail" | 1:45 |
| 4. | "Outcast" | 2:44 |
| 5. | "Victimized" | 2:46 |
| 6. | "Time Waits" | 2:49 |
| 7. | "Dead Inside" | 1:33 |
| 8. | "True Love" | 2:21 |
| 9. | "Disconnect" | 2:48 |
| 10. | "Draw the Line" | 2:29 |
| 11. | "You and I" | 2:54 |
| 12. | "Still Cold" | 1:49 |
| 13. | "Reality Unfolds" | 4:02 |

## Personnel

Additional personnel

* Chad Gilbert \- production
* Paul Miner - recording, engineering, mixing, mastering
* Chad Soner - cover

## InfoBox

| Big Kiss Goodnight | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Trapped Under Ice | |
| Released | 2011 |
| Genre | Beatdown hardcore |
| Length | 33:35 |
| Label | Reaper |
| Trapped Under Ice chronology | |
| *Secrets of the World*
(2009) ***Big Kiss Goodnight***
(2011) *Heatwave*
(2017) | |


title: Robert W. Greene

abstract: Robert William Greene, Sr. was a pioneering investigative journalist, who uncovered corruption in Arizona after a journalist, Don Bolles, was murdered there and twice helped Newsday win the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service. He spent 37 years as a reporter and editor at Newsday.

text:
# Robert W. Greene

**Robert William Greene, Sr.** (July 12, 1929 – April 10, 2008) was a pioneering investigative journalist, who uncovered corruption in Arizona after a journalist, Don Bolles, was murdered there and twice helped Newsday win the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service. He spent 37 years as a reporter and editor at *Newsday*.

## Biography

### Early life

He was born on July 12, 1929, in Jamaica, Queens. He won his first Pulitzer Prize in 1970, for exposing land scandals on Long Island. Greene's daughter, Lea Greene, was murdered in 1989 during a break-in at her home.

### Education

Greene attended Fordham University for two years.

### Career

Greene worked for *The Jersey Journal* for many years as a reporter. Prior to working for *Newsday*, he worked as an investigator for the New York City Anti-Crime Committee. He joined *Newsday* in 1955. While working here, he worked various editing positions. Greene was most famous for his investigative work in what became known as the Arizona Project. The Arizona Project revealed how *The Arizona Republic* reporter, Don Bolles, was killed in a car bombing. Greene was a member of the Investigative Reporters and Editors, a national organization he helped start. He retired from *Newsday* in 1992. Upon retiring, he then began teaching courses in journalism at Hofstra University and State University of New York at Stony Brook.

### Awards and honors

* 1970- Pulitzer Prize for *Newsday* under Greene for his work exposing land scandals where politicians were investing in properties and increasing property values.
* 1974- Pulitzer Prize for his work on "The Heroin Trail"

## Family

Greene was the son of Francis, a lawyer, and Mary Clancy Greene. He was married to his wife Kathleen and together they had a son and four grandchildren. Their son's name is Robert Jr. The family lived in Kings Park, New York.

### Death

Greene died on April 10, 2008, aged 78 in Smithtown, New York. The cause of his death was from heart failure. Survivors include Greene's wife, Kathleen Greene, son, Robert Greene Jr., and great nephew, Caleb Greene. Robert Greene Jr. said one of his father's last wishes was to see a journalism boot camp for high school journalists established at Stony Brook University, where the award-winning journalist had most recently been teaching courses, and in 2009, Stony Brook established the Robert W. Greene Summer Institute for High School Journalists.

## InfoBox

| Robert W. Greene | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Robert William Greene, Sr.<br>(1929-07-12)July 12, 1929 |
| Died | April 10, 2008(2008-04-10) (aged 78) |
| Occupation | Journalist |


title: Bill Corbus

abstract: William Corbus was an American gridiron football player and supermarket executive. Best known for playing college football for Stanford University, he was inducted to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1957.

text:
# Bill Corbus

**William Corbus** (October 5, 1911 – January 8, 1998) was an American gridiron football player and supermarket executive. Best known for playing college football for Stanford University, he was inducted to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1957.

## College career

Nicknamed "The Baby-Faced Assassin" due to his youthful appearance and athletic ferocity, Corbus, who acted as placekicker as well as offensive lineman, was Stanford's first two-time All-American in 1932 and 1933.

In 1933, Corbus kicked two late field goals to defeat USC 13–7, helping to fulfill a promise made by his teammates from the class of 1936—a group known as the Vow Boys—to never again lose to USC. That year, Corbus helped Stanford the first of three straight Rose Bowl Game appearances before graduating as an honor student and student body president.

## After football

Corbus played in the era before the NFL draft, and did not continue in professional football. He worked for the A&P grocery store chain, retiring as vice-chairman in 1977. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1957 and is a member of the Stanford Athletic Hall of Fame. His high school alma mater, Vallejo High School, named their football stadium for him. He died in San Francisco, California in 1998.

## InfoBox

Bill Corbus
| Position | Guard / Kicker |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1911-10-05)October 5, 1911
San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Died: | January 8, 1998(1998-01-08) (aged 86)
San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Career history | |
| College | Stanford (1931–1933) |
| High school | Vallejo (CA) |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| College Football Hall of Fame (1957) | |
|  | |


title: Big Bull, India

abstract: The Big Bull is a bronze sculpture of a charging bull designed by Solapur-based sculptor Bhagwan Rampure and was originally located inside the premises of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) on Dalal Street in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The sculpture was installed outside the building of Bombay Stock Exchange on 11 January 2008. The bull is inspired by Arturo Di Modica's Charging Bull sculpture that was installed on Wall Street outside the New York Stock Exchange Building in 1989. The Big Bull is 5 feet (1.5 m) tall, 8 feet (2.4 m) long and weighs 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb). It was relocated to the Gujarat International Finance Tec-City near Ahmedabad in 2017.

text:
# Big Bull, India

The ***Big Bull*** is a bronze sculpture of a charging bull designed by Solapur-based sculptor Bhagwan Rampure and was originally located inside the premises of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) on Dalal Street in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The sculpture was installed outside the building of Bombay Stock Exchange on 11 January 2008. The bull is inspired by Arturo Di Modica's *Charging Bull* sculpture that was installed on Wall Street outside the New York Stock Exchange Building in 1989. The *Big Bull* is 5 feet (1.5 m) tall, 8 feet (2.4 m) long and weighs 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb).

It was relocated to the Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) near Ahmedabad in 2017.

## Design

Rampure was approached by officials of the BSE in 2007 to design the sculpture. He was given photographs of the original sculpture in New York City and studied live bulls to understand their anatomy. A clay model was first designed for the BSE's approval following which the bronze version was made. It was made in four parts owing to its size and took Rampure three months to design and build. While he was allowed to make a few changes to the design, the original pose of the bull was retained owing to the animal's identity in stock markets as a symbol of money. The BSE later commissioned him to create a thousand miniature replicas made of fibre to be given as souvenirs to visiting foreign dignitaries.

## Controversy

The sculpture came into news after the stock market crash of January 2008, when the Sensex lost 14% in two days and 180,000 crore (equivalent to 5.0 trillion or US$60 billion in 2023) in a week, along its year-long descent from 20,000 to 8,000. The bull was subsequently considered as a *panvati* or bad omen. Several brokers demanded the removal of the sculpture during the crash, with an astrologer suggesting that it be re-installed at a more auspicious time. A group of 200 to 300 brokers protested outside the exchange for a day asking for it to be removed.

In 2017, prior to its relocation to GIFT City, the BSE decided to allow visitors to photograph the bull. However, due to security issues, it was replaced by an acrylic replica on rollers outside the exchange. The Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) objected to this, claiming that it was inconveniencing people on the road and asked for it to be removed.

## InfoBox

| *Big Bull* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Artist | Bhagwan Rampure |
| Year | 2008 |
| Medium | Bronze |
| Dimensions | 5 feet (1.5 m) tall & 8 feet (2.4 m) long |
| Weight | 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb) |
| Location | Mumbai, Maharashtra, India <br>GIFT City, Gujarat, India |


title: Quantinuum

abstract: Quantinuum is a quantum computing company formed by the merger of Cambridge Quantum and Honeywell Quantum Solutions. The company's H-Series trapped-ion quantum computers set the highest quantum volume to date of 1,048,576 in April 2024. This architecture supports all-to-all qubit connectivity, allowing entangled states to be created between all qubits, and enables a high fidelity of quantum states. Quantinuum has developed middleware and software products that run on trapped-ion and other quantum computing platforms for cybersecurity, quantum chemistry, quantum machine learning, quantum Monte Carlo integration, and quantum artificial intelligence. The company also offers quantum-computing-hardened encryption keys designed to protect data assets and enhance cryptographic defenses.

text:
# Quantinuum

**Quantinuum** is a quantum computing company formed by the merger of **Cambridge Quantum** and **Honeywell Quantum Solutions**. The company's H-Series trapped-ion quantum computers set the highest quantum volume to date of 1,048,576 in April 2024. This architecture supports all-to-all qubit connectivity, allowing entangled states to be created between all qubits, and enables a high fidelity of quantum states.

Quantinuum has developed middleware and software products that run on trapped-ion and other quantum computing platforms for cybersecurity, quantum chemistry, quantum machine learning, quantum Monte Carlo integration, and quantum artificial intelligence. The company also offers quantum-computing-hardened encryption keys designed to protect data assets and enhance cryptographic defenses.

## History

Formed in 2021, Quantinuum is the combination of the quantum hardware team from Honeywell Quantum Solutions (HQS) and the quantum software team at Cambridge Quantum Computing (CQC).

HQS was founded in 2014. The company used a trapped-ion architecture for its quantum computing hardware, which Honeywell believed could be used to fulfill the needs of its various business units in aerospace, building technology, performance materials, safety and productivity solutions.

CQC was founded in 2014 as an independent quantum computing company through the University of Cambridge’s “Accelerate Cambridge” program. CQC focused on building tools for the commercialization of quantum technologies with a focus on quantum software and quantum cybersecurity. By coming together as Quantinuum, the company offers an integrated, end-to-end quantum platform.

Ilyas Khan, the founder of Cambridge Quantum, the founding chairman of the Stephen Hawking Foundation, and fellow at Cambridge Judge Business School, was named the CEO of Quantinuum. Tony Uttley, formerly an operations manager at NASA and president of Honeywell Quantum Solutions, served as the president and chief operating officer through 2023. In 2023, Quantinuum named Rajeeb “Raj” Hazra, formerly a corporate vice president and general manager at Intel, as the new CEO of Quantinuum. Hazra has over 30 years of experience working in supercomputing, quantum and other technical roles. Khan was named chief product officer and vice chair of the board of directors.

In January 2024, Quantinuum announced an equity funding round of $300 million led by JPMorgan Chase. The company has raised $625 million in total and is valued at $5 billion. Honeywell was in an early phase of exploring an initial public offering of the company in July 2024.

## Technology and products

### H-Series

When developing its H-Series quantum computers, Powered by Honeywell, Quantinuum chose a quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture as its path to scalable universal quantum computing because it allows full connectivity between identical high-fidelity qubits (atomic ions).

Quantinuum launched its first generation of quantum computers with the System Model H1-1, a trapped-ion computer running on 12 qubits, in 2020.

In May 2023, Quantinuum launched the System Model H2, with a quantum volume of 65,536 (216), the largest on record at that time. The H2 achieved the largest GHZ state on record, the first demonstration of magic state distillation, and the first demonstration of the creation and control of topological qubits whose linking properties can help make quantum computing fault-tolerant. Braiding quasiparticles called non-Abelian anyons creates a historical record of the event, and the paths they trace are more robust to errors, which could eventually lead to the development of a topological quantum computer.

The H-Series systems have consistently broken records for quantum volume, recently reaching a quantum volume of 1,048,576 (220) in April 2024. Quantum volume is one of 15 performance benchmarks that Quantinuum scientists measured on the latest generation of its trapped-ion quantum computer which are available on arXiv and GitHub.

The company also holds the record for two-qubit gate fidelity, becoming the first to reach 99.9%. Microsoft and Quantinuum created four logical qubits on the H2 quantum computer, running 14,000 experiments without a single error.

Demonstrating the ability to scale the H-Series, the company solved the qubit “wiring problem,” using a new chip arranged in a 2D grid to efficiently sort qubits and minimize the number of signals required for qubit control. The work reduces the ratio from as many as 20 analog wires per qubit to 1 digital wire per qubit with a fixed number of analog lines.

Quantinuum also offers an H-Series Emulator, which allows researchers to compare data in quantum hardware experiments and approximate noise, accelerating simulation workflows.

### Quantum cybersecurity – Quantum Origin

Quantum Origin uses quantum computing to strengthen the cryptographic keys that protect online transactions and identification processes. The software produces provably unpredictable cryptographic keys to support traditional algorithms, such as RSA and AES, as well as post-quantum cryptography algorithms.

Quantum Origin is said to be the first commercial application of a quantum computer offering a solution that classical computers cannot achieve. In April 2022, Quantinuum partnered with PureVPN to make their OpenVPN protocol quantum-resistant. In 2024, the company partnered with Mitsui and Eaglys to integrate Quantum Origin in a secured data analytics AI platform.

In 2023, Quantinuum introduced Quantum Origin Onboard, an innovation in post-quantum cryptography that extends the quantum-hardened cyber protection to connected devices by maximizing the strength of keys generated within the devices themselves. In collaboration with Honeywell, the quantum-hardened keys began to be integrated in smart utility meters. The company also released Quantum Origin Cloud, which allows subscribers to request secure keys on-demand or integrate with hardware security modules.

Quantinuum's Quantum Origin was recognized in 2022 by UK Business Tech with the Best Use of Innovation award.

### Quantum computational chemistry platform – InQuanto

InQuanto is a quantum computational chemistry software platform. InQuanto uses Quantinuum's open-source Python toolkit, TKET, to improve the performance of quantum devices with electronic structure simulations. The stand-alone platform is designed to help computational chemists experiment with quantum algorithms and eventually create prototypes of real-life problems using quantum computers.

### Quantum software development platform – TKET

TKET is a platform-agnostic compiler for optimizing quantum algorithms as well as a software development kit for building and running programs for gate-based quantum computers. It is platform-inclusive and open source. The quantum programming environment is accessible through the PyTKET Python package, with extension modules that work with quantum computers, classical simulators, and quantum software libraries.

### Quantum NLP/Compositional Intelligence

Quantinuum's Quantum Natural Language Processing team is developing reasoning-based quantum artificial intelligence that works with modern machine learning-based techniques to produce AI systems that are more interpretable, transparent, and cost effective, requiring less data. This quantum compositional intelligence is based on categorical quantum mechanics, which studies quantum processes and how they are composed.

### Quantum Monte Carlo Integration

Quantinuum's full Quantum Monte Carlo Integration engine is designed to use quantum algorithms to perform estimations more efficiently and accurately than equivalent classical tools, inferring an early-stage quantum advantage in areas such as derivative pricing, portfolio risk calculations and regulatory reporting.

### Lambeq

Lambeq is an open-source software library for the design and implementation of quantum natural language processing applications. To build a quantum natural language processing model, Lambeq parses the grammatical structure of an input sentence into a task-specific output. This is encoded into an abstract representation called a string diagram, which reflects the relationships between the words in the original sentence.

### Quantum machine learning

Quantinuum has efforts in QML with a focus on quantum circuit learning on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. The company has commercial work in deploying deep learning for time-series modeling and decision-making and specializes in quantum enhanced solutions for machine learning and optimization problems.

At the intersection of classical machine learning and quantum computing, Quantinuum collaborated with Google DeepMind to use AI (Alpha-Tensor) to optimize the T-gate count. This research serves to minimize the compute costs resulting from one of the most expensive quantum logic gates in terms of time and resources required.

### Optimization

Among the primary uses for quantum computing is combinatorial optimization, as its applications extend to logistics, supply chain optimization, and route planning.

In 2023, Quantinuum created an improved variational quantum algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems that uses minimal quantum resources and takes advantage of the H-Series’ all-to-all connectivity and native parameterized two-qubit gates. In 2021, Deutsche Bahn partnered with Quantinuum to explore how quantum computers can improve the rescheduling of rail traffic.

### Simulation

In 2021, Nippon Steel Corporation used Quantinuum's algorithms to simulate the behavior of iron crystals in different configurations. The chemical simulation is so complex at scale that it cannot be accurately simulated on classical computers.

## Ownership

Quantinuum is not listed on any stock exchange and is privately held. 54% of the company is owned by Honeywell, and Ilyas Khan, the founder of Cambridge Quantum and Chief Product Officer of Quantinuum, is the next largest shareholder.

## Locations

Quantinuum has a European headquarters in Cambridge, UK and a North American headquarters in Broomfield, Colorado. It has offices in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota, Washington, D.C., London (Victoria and St. James's), Oxford, and Tokyo.

## InfoBox

Quantinuum
|
|  |
| Company type | Privately Held Company |
| Industry | Quantum Computing |
| Founded | 2021 (2021) |
| Headquarters | Cambridge, UK Broomfield, Colorado, USA |
| Key people | * Rajeeb Hazra (CEO) * Ilyas Khan (Cambridge Quantum founder, Chief Product Officer) |
| Products | * Quantum Origin * InQuanto * TKET * H-Series quantum computers |
| Number of employees | 450 |
| Website | quantinuum.com |


title: Kieran Kennedy (economist)

abstract: Kieran A. Kennedy, MRIA was an Irish neo-Keynesian applied economist, economic historian and Director of the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) from 1971 to 1996. A civil servant, lecturer and researcher, he worked with Fianna Fáil Taoiseach Charles Haughey to formulate his economic strategy The Way Forward and directed his and subsequent administrations from the 1980s until Kennedy's retirement.

text:
# Kieran Kennedy (economist)

**Kieran A. Kennedy**, MRIA (14 July 1935 – 6 February 2013) was an Irish neo-Keynesian applied economist, economic historian and Director of the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) from 1971 to 1996. A civil servant, lecturer and researcher, he worked with Fianna Fáil Taoiseach Charles Haughey to formulate his economic strategy *The Way Forward* and directed his and subsequent administrations from the 1980s until Kennedy's retirement.

## Biography

Kennedy was born on 14 July 1935 in Newbridge, County Kildare. He was the fourth of five sons born to Patrick Kennedy and Margaret Kennedy *née* Callahan. His father was a garda and was frequently transferred; consequently, Kennedy lived apart from his family on a farm with his grandmother in eastern Galway. He then re-joined his family in Limerick, where he was 'excellently' taught by the Congregation of Christian Brothers.

A devoted Marian, ecumenist and Catholic, Kennedy joined the Legion of Mary sometime before 1958 and spent one week each year evangelising among lapsed Catholic Irish in England. He was a friend of the Legion's founder Frank Duff and supported the latter's heretofore unsuccessful cause for canonisation after his death in 1980. In 1966, he married University College Dublin lecturer, future ESRI economist and fellow Legion member Finola Flanagan, after being introduced through Duff. Finola authored the so-called "seminal sociological study on the Irish family" for the ESRI in 1989, as well as Duff's 2008 entry in the *Dictionary of Irish Biography* which Kieran helped research.

After marrying, the Kennedys lived at Sydney Palace Avenue in Sandymount, Dublin and had three sons and three daughters: Kieran, Ruth, Michael, Susan, Lucy, Frank.

Kennedy was a teetotaller but smoked a pipe; he also walked, fished and watched sport on television, although he had apparently never owned one before 1987. After retirement he purposefully distanced himself from economics; he instead kept an interest in painting and fine arts, inspired by the book *The Art of Painting*. Early on, he also served as ombudsman for Foras Áiseanna Saothair trainees.

Perhaps owing to his upbringing, Kennedy was in adulthood aloof; he was also stern, focussed, exacting and had the need to be fully absorbed in a task, leading the *Sunday Independent* to accuse the ESRI of being an "intellectual monastery with Dr Kennedy as its abbot". He had a lifelong Munster accent from his time in Limerick and was reportedly reserved but an engaging conversationalist.

Kennedy was made a Member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1973 and was entitled to use the designation MRIA. His paper *The Role of Social Science in Relation to Public Policy* was published in its proceedings that year.

Kennedy died aged 77 on 6 February 2013 in Clonskeagh Hospital, County Dublin after a long illness and was buried at Shanganagh Cemetery.

## Education and career

Although having qualified for both a state and corporation scholarship to university in 1953, he could accept neither and instead entered the civil service as an executive officer first in the Office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (1954), then the Department of Industry and Commerce (1955). He concurrently sat night classes at University College Dublin, earning degrees in public administration (1956) and commerce (1958).

In 1958, he won a competition to become an elite officer in the Department of Finance, but then had tuberculosis; whilst recovering, he read for a master's in economic sciences from UCD and graduated with first-class honours and a travelling scholarship for his dissertation in 1960. The Department's Secretary, and founder of the ESRI, T. K. Whitaker arranged Kennedy a leave of absence to study toward an economics degree at Nuffield College, Oxford under 1972 joint Nobel laureate Sir John Hicks. After graduating in 1963, he was awarded a teaching scholarship at Harvard University and received a PhD in economics under the tutelage of 1971 Nobel laureate Simon Kuznets in 1968.

Kennedy completed his doctoral thesis, *Productivity and Industrial Growth. The Irish Experience,* whilst assistant principal officer in economic policy at the Department of Finance and part-time lecturer at UCD; it would be his first book published in 1971 and variously commended as among the first academic studies of Ireland's twentieth-century economy, and his careful consideration of statistics. Therein, he argues the Salter correlation—the positive association of labour productivity growth and output growth—is owed to dynamic external economies.

In 1968, he was recommended first to the ESRI as a senior research officer, then as an economic consultant to the Central Bank of Ireland, before being elevated to succeed Michael Fogarty as director of the think tank in 1971, aged just 35. Under Kennedy, the Institute began publishing annual five-year forecasts alongside its short-term forecasts beginning 1986. He also facilitated the creation of an independent survey unit to augment official statistics. In 1979, an ESRI survey to which Kennedy had given "unwavering support" found 20.7% of Republic of Irish surveyed supported actions of the Irish Republican Army taken in relation to Northern Ireland to some degree. Political and internal backlash prompted Kennedy to both defend the methodology and publish two additional studies in 1980 that confirmed and criticised the original survey.

A consistent advocate of expenditure cuts throughout the 1970s, Kennedy was appointed by new Taoiseach Haughey to the steering committee in 1982 to create a plan to end the deficit. When published that October, *The Way Forward* belatedly encouraged fiscal restraint, but was criticised, including by senior Department of Finance officials, as being "highly optimistic" because it did not foresee an increase in taxes, for example. Other parties withdrew support and Haughey was defeated in the November election to a Fine Gael-Labour coalition; with his successor, Garret FitzGerald, Kennedy had only "an imperfect sympathy", whilst reportedly holding Haughey's intellect in great esteem.

Haughey was returned as Taoiseach in the 1987 general election, extending Fine Gael's budget cuts that Labour had rejected and using *The Way Forward* as a blueprint for economic recovery. The ESRI had its funding slashed, and he reneged on the accusation commissioned research would compromise the ESRI's independence; by 1995, most of its revenue derived from research commissioned or sponsored largely for state or European Union bodies, rather than a state grant or the American Ford Foundation, and increased its total full-time researchers from 25 to 40. Nevertheless, the ESRI maintained its independence and Kennedy criticised the government's industrial development strategy, which was largely affirmed during the Celtic Tiger years.

He continued to influence government policy toward small business supports and chaired a working group on the Irish punt's 10% devaluation in 1993 on the back of speculative attacks against the British pound (Black Wednesday) and Italian lira. He retired as director of the ESRI in October 1996 but continued for some years as a part-time researcher; his last publication with the Institute, *Reflections on the Process of Irish Economic Growth*, was read before the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland 26 April 2001.

Kennedy produced over seventy papers in his lifetime on economics and religion, and wrote, co-wrote or edited fourteen books focussing on unemployment, manufacturing and economic history, including *The Irish Economy*, co-authored with current Fine Gael TD Richard Bruton. He was involved with the early work of the Historical National Accounts Group for Ireland, founded 1994, that collects statistics from between the Great Famine and World War I, and delivered a Thomas Davis lecture for RTÉ on industrial development since the Famine.

## Politics and views

> It will be clear that a satisfactory long-term resolution of the inflation-unemployment dilemma will involve an extension of the conventional boundaries of economics to take account of social and political variables – not only at national but also at international level.
>
> -Kieran A. Kennedy, May 1983.

Kennedy was a statist and soft interventionist who recognised the constraints associated with Ireland's small, open economy and parties that benefit from a burgeoning private sector. He prioritised lowering unemployment, which he saw as a national failure, over particularly inflation or the deficit, possibly due to his charity work with the Legion of Mary. He proposed many ideas for reducing the deficit, including a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution; this, as well as supporting Ireland's membership of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism, "reflected an ethos of self-denial that found little purchase in an emerging consumer society", according to Clavin.

Kennedy attacked the Industrial Development Authority for attracting capital intensive industries from abroad that he accused of embellishing growth figures and leaving the country reliant on a multinational sector that created few jobs. Instead, he argued for the State supporting domestic industries that produced raw materials, and attacked successive governments for accumulating foreign debt in the 1970s. Some of his suggestions were implemented in the 1980s, but most were either diluted or cut entirely by unsympathetic civil servants.

While taking night classes at UCD, Kennedy befriended professor and Independent Seanad member George O'Brien, who wrote comforting letters for when he was recuperating from tuberculosis.


title: Toh Aik Choon

abstract: Toh Aik Choon (1927–1990), was a Malaysian-Singaporean entrepreneur. He was born in the Malayan seaport of Penang in 1927 as the youngest child in a family of three. A.C. attended the Chung Ling High School in Penang before his education was disrupted by the Second World War.

text:
# Toh Aik Choon

| Toh Aik Choon | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Traditional Chinese | 杜億春 |
|
| Jyutping | Dou6 Jik1 Ceon1 |
| Hokkien POJ | Tō͘ Ek-chhun |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |

**Toh Aik Choon** (Chinese: 杜億春; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: *Tō͘ Ek-chhun*) (1927–1990), was a Malaysian-Singaporean entrepreneur. He was born in the Malayan seaport of Penang in 1927 as the youngest child in a family of three. A.C. attended the Chung Ling High School in Penang before his education was disrupted by the Second World War.

## Career

### 1960s

He worked for the Sim Lim Trading Co. in Penang, before transferring to the Singapore head office in 1952, after his marriage to Khoo Lay Kee.

By 1962, Aik Choon had become managing director of Sim Lim Co. Ltd, which was listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange. Aik Choon was instrumental in many of the joint venture industrial enterprises that Sim Lim commenced in that period. In particular, he was Director of Malayan Shipbreakers Ltd. 1961(Singapore's first ship breaking company), Chairman of Pan Malaysia Paint Industry Ltd (1962–65), and a founding director of Nippon Paint (S) Co. Pte Ltd (1965–75), National Iron and Steel Mills Ltd (1964), Malayan Iron and Steel Mills Ltd (1968), Decola (S) Ltd, and director of Sim Lim Investments Ltd (n.k.a Pacific Century Regional Development Limited).

### 1970s

Aik Choon left Sim Lim in 1969 to start his own company, A.C.T. Enterprises Pte Ltd, which became a holding company for various joint ventures he started. Capitalizing on the first wave of Japanese investment into South East Asia in the 1970s, he started numerous manufacturing and trading joint ventures during this period, including Fujitec Singapore Corporation Ltd, Hitachi (Singapore) Pte Ltd, Hitachi Consumer Products (S) Pte Ltd, Nissei Sangyo (S) Pte Ltd, Hitachi Consumer Products (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd, Hitachi Cable (S) Pte Ltd, and Toyo Metal Products (S) Pte Ltd.

### 1980s

He was also an early investor in the US real estate market, where he started developing industrial land in Dekalb County, Georgia, through the Atlanta International Industrial Park. In 1987 he started A.C.T. Investments, Inc. together with Peter E. Chang. The company's first project was the development of the 36 storey luxury apartments, the Grandview in Buckhead, Atlanta.

In joint venture with China Travel Services, A.C. Toh started CTS' first US headquarters in Atlanta in 1988. The Atlanta office started organizing group tours from continental USA to China in 1989

In the early 80s, Aik Choon was energized by the potential of the China market, and worked relentlessly to bring foreign investors and consultants to the People's Republic of China. In 1984, he started the Tianjin International Technology Consulting Centre (ITC) in Tianjin, in collaboration with the Science and Technology Commission. ITC became the first sino-foreign joint venture consulting company, with a no-dividend policy for 50 years. He became an honorary citizen of Atlanta and the State of Georgia, and was posthumously awarded honorary citizenship of the City of Tianjin, and the prestigious Friendship Award by the State Department of the People's Republic of China.

A.C. Toh died in September 1990, age 63, survived by his wife and three children, Serene, Merlene and James.

## InfoBox

| Toh Aik Choon | |
| --- | --- |
| 杜億春 | |
| Born | (1927-07-26)26 July 1927
Penang, Malaya |
| Died | 13 September 1990(1990-09-13) (aged 63)
Republic of Singapore |
| Citizenship | Singapore |
| Education | Chung Ling High School, Penang |
| Occupation(s) | Trader
Entrepreneur |
| Spouse | Khoo Lay Kee |
| Children | Serene Toh
Merlene Toh

James Toh |


title: Brett Alexander Savory

abstract: Brett Savory is a freelance writer, editor, and web designer. He lives in Canada with his wife, writer and editor, Sandra Kasturi.

text:
# Brett Alexander Savory

**Brett Savory** is a freelance writer, editor, and web designer. He lives in Canada with his wife, writer and editor, Sandra Kasturi.

## Bibliography

### Novels

* *A Perfect Machine* (Angry Robot Books, February 2017)
* *In and Down* (Brindle & Glass Publishing, September 2007)
* *The Distance Travelled* (Necro Publications, March 2006)

### Short story collections

* *No Further Messages* (Delirium Books, November 2007)

### Short Stories / Novellas

* "Everyone on Earth"—*World Horror Convention Souvenir Book* (April 2011)
* "Safe"—*Chilling Tales* (March 2011)
* "The Machine is Perfect, the Engineer is Nobody"—*Taddle Creek* (October 2008)
* "I Am Today and I Am Yesterday" (with David Niall Wilson) —*In Delirium II* (Delirium Books, December 2007)
* *The Distance Travelled: A Little Slice of Heaven* (with Gord Zajac; Burning Effigy Press, April 2007)
* "Anniversary of an Uninteresting Event"—*In the Dark: Stories from the Supernatural* (reprint; October 2006)
* "Quiet Rapture"—Delirium Insider (October 2006)
* "Messages"—*Realms of Fantasy* (February 2006)
    + reprinted in *The Year's Best Fantasy & Horror* (September 2007)
* "Wall"—Ideomancer.com (December 2005)
    + reprinted at Suspect Thoughts (July 2006)
* "Subliminal Verses"—*Trunk Stories*, Issue #3 (November 2005)
* "Running Beneath the Skin"—*Outsiders: 22 All-New Stories from the Edge* (Penguin/Roc, October 2005)
* Philip Nutman's *Wet Work* (Definitive Edition) —Editorial Consultant (Overlook Connection Press, September 2005)
* *My Eyes Are Nailed, But Still I See*—co-written with David Niall Wilson (Delirium Books, July 2005)
* "Bottom Drawer"—*Vestal Review* (January 2005)
    + reprinted at The Future Fire—runner-up winner of the *MirrorMask* Flash Fiction Competition (January 2006)
    + reprinted at Rockstar Upload website—runner-up winner of the Rockstar Upload 4 Short Fiction Contest (February 2006)
* "Apology"—*Brutarian* (November 2004)
* *The Last Pentacle of the Sun: Writings in Support of the West Memphis Three*—co-edited with M. W. Anderson (Arsenal Pulp Press, October 2004)
* "Shoes" (with Tim Lebbon) —*A Walk on the Darkside: Visions of Horror* (Penguin/Roc, September 2004)
    + (A *Year's Best Fantasy and Horror* honorable mention)
* "Landscape"—*Trunk Stories*, Issue #1 (November 2003)
    + Romanian translation published at *C.A.V.L.A SFera Online* as "Viziune" (July 2003)
* "Slipknot"—*Borderlands 5* (Borderlands Press, November 2003)
    + reprinted in *From the Borderlands* (Warner Books, September 2004)
        - (A Bram Stoker Award-winning anthology)
* *Denying Death* (with Gary W. Conner and Seth Lindberg) —Prime Books (November 2003)
    + Includes "Silica," "Beyond the Black," "Anniversary of an Uninteresting Event," "Walking," and "The Collective"
* "The Pig and the Pendulum" (with David Niall Wilson) —*Gothic.Net* (October 2003)
* "A Diamond of Skin and Love"—*Vivisections*, Catalyst Press (March 2003)
* "Freshets"—*Queer Fear II*, Arsenal Pulp Press (December 2002)
    + (A Lambda Literary Award-winning anthology)
* "Mad Jack and the Widow Henley" (with Brian A. Hopkins) —*Space & Time*, Issue #96 (July 2002)
* "Chamber of the Gods" (with Gord Rollo) —*Fangoria.com* (June 2002)
    + reprinted in *Dark Wisdom* #9 (June 2006)
* "Mr. Chumbly"—*Dreaming of Angels*—Prime Books (April 2002)
* "Danny Boy"—*The Asylum ... Bedtime Stories for the Criminally Insane, Vol. 2: The Violent Ward*, DarkTales Publications (April 2002)
    + reissued by Prime Books in February 2003
* "The Time Between Lights"—*Brainbox II: Son of Brainbox*—Irrational Press (December 2001)
* *The Distance Travelled*—Prime Books (November 2001)
    + (A *Year's Best Fantasy and Horror* honorable mention)
* *The Smoke of the Seven Hells*—Undaunted Press 'flipbook' (October 2001)
* "Twelve Great Black Pigs, and One Red One" (with David Niall Wilson) —*Gothic.Net* (August 2001)
* "Jimmy Dale"—*Gothic.Net* (April 2001)
* *Filthy Death, the Leering Clown* (with Joseph Moore) —DarkTales Publications (October 2000)
* "Ribbons of Darkness Over Me" (with David Niall Wilson) —*Twilight Showcase* (#15, February 2000)
* "Silica"—*Gothic.Net* (January 2000)
    + reprinted at Imaginary Worlds Press website (August 2000)
* "Epicure" (with Patricia Lee Macomber) —*Cassandra's Crypt*, Goddess of the Bay Publications (January 2000)
* "Fucking Fear Factory" (with David Niall Wilson) —*Gothic.Net* (September 1999)
    + reprinted at *Twilight Tales* (December 1999)
* "First Child of the New World" (with Geoff Cooper and Ray Wallace) —*Errata* (#5, August 1999)
* "A Room of Incense" (with Dan Lee) —*The Three-lobed Burning Eye* (#2, July 1999)
    + reprinted in *The Three-lobed Burning Eye—Annual, Volume 1* anthology (Legion Press, October 2002)
* "Poland's Anguish"—*The Goddess of the Bay* (#7, Summer 1999)
* "Jewels"—*The Asylum . . . Bedtime Stories for the Criminally Insane, Vol. 1: The Psycho Ward*, DarkTales Publications (1999)
* "Solstice" (with Sandra DeLuca) —*Twilight Showcase* (#4, March 1999)
* "That's Some Pig!" (with David Niall Wilson) —*Of Pigs and Spiders*, Bereshith Publishing (Shadowlands imprint, March 1999)
    + reprinted at *HorrorFind.com* (October 2000)
* "The Neath"—*Twilight Showcase* (#3, February 1999)
    + reprinted in Gord Rollo's *Unnatural Selection: A Collection of Darwinian Nightmares* anthology (LTDBooks, October 2000; Cosmos Books, August 2001)
* "Pop! Goes the Weasel" (with Brian A. Hopkins) —*Bad Dreams* (#8, 1999)
* "Honour Thy Father and Mother . . ."—*Dark Muse* (October 1998)
    + reprinted in *Bloody Muse* (February 1999)
    + reprinted in *Bad Dreams* (#7)
* "Age of Faith"—*The Goddess of the Bay* (#3, October 1998)
* "Stars"—*The Goddess of the Bay* (#2, Fall 1998)

## Awards & honorable mentions

### Awards

### YBFH Appearances & Honorable Mentions

* *Year's Best Fantasy & Horror* 20th edition appearance: "Messages" (2007)
* *Year's Best Fantasy & Horror* honorable mention: "Shoes" (co-written with Tim Lebbon; 2004)
* *Year's Best Fantasy & Horror* honorable mention: *The Distance Travelled* (novella; 2001)

## Citations

1. All biographic and bibliographic information is from the "Official Brett Alexander Savory website". 16 March 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-16.
2. Bram Stoker Awards information is from the "Horror Writers Association". 16 March 2007. Archived from the original on 20 June 2000. Retrieved 2007-03-16.


title: Claude-André Dormy

abstract: Claude-André Dormy was the first bishop of Boulogne. He was named to the see in 1567, but only took possession of it in 1570 due to tensions in Boulogne caused by the Huguenots. He was brought into the Catholic League by the Guise family and kept away from his diocese, but returned to it when Henry IV of France renounced Protestantism in 1593. He was succeeded as bishop by his nephew Claude Dormy.

text:
# Claude-André Dormy

**Claude-André Dormy** (died 15 February 1599, in Boulogne-Sur-Mer) was the first bishop of Boulogne. He was named to the see in 1567, but only took possession of it in 1570 due to tensions in Boulogne caused by the Huguenots.

He was brought into the Catholic League by the Guise family and kept away from his diocese, but returned to it when Henry IV of France renounced Protestantism in 1593. He was succeeded as bishop by his nephew Claude Dormy.

## Sources

* Eugène Van Drival, *Histoire des évêques de Boulogne*, Boulogne-sur-Mer, 1852


title: Blood (OSI album)

abstract: Blood is the third studio album by American progressive rock band OSI, released by InsideOut Music on April 27, 2009, in Europe and May 19, 2009, in North America. Guitarist Jim Matheos and keyboardist and vocalist Kevin Moore started work on the album in 2008, collaborating by email. Matheos would send Moore a song idea which Moore would edit and send back to Matheos. Mike Portnoy of Dream Theater, who performed drums on Office of Strategic Influence and Free, was replaced by Porcupine Tree drummer Gavin Harrison on Blood. Matheos played bass guitar on the album, having hired guest musicians to perform bass duties on the first two OSI albums. Mikael Åkerfeldt of Opeth and Tim Bowness of No-Man wrote lyrics and performed vocals on one track each. Critical reception of Blood was generally positive. The more atmospheric and ambient tracks were praised; the more metal-oriented tracks received mixed reactions. Moore's lyrics and Harrison's drumming, in particular, were met with acclaim.

text:
# Blood (OSI album)

***Blood*** is the third studio album by American progressive rock band OSI, released by InsideOut Music on April 27, 2009, in Europe and May 19, 2009, in North America.

Guitarist Jim Matheos and keyboardist and vocalist Kevin Moore started work on the album in 2008, collaborating by email. Matheos would send Moore a song idea which Moore would edit and send back to Matheos. Mike Portnoy of Dream Theater, who performed drums on *Office of Strategic Influence* and *Free*, was replaced by Porcupine Tree drummer Gavin Harrison on *Blood*. Matheos played bass guitar on the album, having hired guest musicians to perform bass duties on the first two OSI albums. Mikael Åkerfeldt of Opeth and Tim Bowness of No-Man wrote lyrics and performed vocals on one track each.

Critical reception of *Blood* was generally positive. The more atmospheric and ambient tracks were praised; the more metal-oriented tracks received mixed reactions. Moore's lyrics and Harrison's drumming, in particular, were met with acclaim.

## Background

On September 4, 2008, keyboardist and vocalist Kevin Moore posted a news update to the official Chroma Key website. In it, he stated that he had been working with guitarist Jim Matheos on a third OSI album "for several months now, slowly but surely." Moore later stated that with OSI, he and Matheos "usually play it by ear. We never really know if we're going to do another OSI, we never agree on it. I don't remember ever agreeing to start a new one, really. But Jim will send me an idea or something and we just start talking about it."

*Blood* was written and recorded in the same way as the first two OSI albums. Matheos and Moore worked together on the album long-distance, mainly by emailing each other files. Matheos would send Moore song ideas, "from just a guitar riff to elaborate, almost completed songs," Moore said. "Then I ask what I can do, and I mess around, complete a verse and add a chorus, do editing, add some vocals, and send it back to him."

Moore considered the writing of *Blood* to be harder compared to previous OSI albums. Previously, Matheos would send Moore guitar parts to work with, allowing Moore to "work with editing them, pitching them, and fucking about them different ways, and then programming drums and keyboards." When working on *Blood*, Matheos also provided programming, keyboard and drum parts. "If he sent me stuff that already had drums and keyboard parts, and it wasn't a complete idea, I had to figure out a way to elaborate on it without having that same equipment that he has there," Moore said. Overall, he considered the writing process to be "smoother because we got on a roll and we're more fluid together".

Mike Portnoy of Dream Theater played drums on *Office of Strategic Influence* and *Free*, but found the experience frustrating. Moore regarded Portnoy's contributions to the first two albums as "great", but he and Matheos decided to recruit a different drummer for *Blood*. "We were continuing to try to get new voices involved with the album", he explained. Matheos, a fan of Porcupine Tree, was in control of personnel on *Blood* and asked Porcupine Tree drummer Gavin Harrison to perform drums on the album. Harrison had a schedule gap in the fourth quarter of 2008, so agreed to work on the album. He never met Matheos and Moore, recording his drums parts in his recording studio in England and exchanging files with them over the Internet. Most songs were sent to Harrison with programmed drums. "For the most part, we usually told him to try to stay away from the programmed drums and come up with his own parts, and he did. So much of that is his taking it in a different direction," Moore said. "There was probably at least one song, maybe two, where we said 'We'd like you to keep closer to the programmed drums,' but he had a lot of say in what went on." Matheos and Moore were "very happy" with Harrison's work on *Blood*, and hoped to work with him on the fourth OSI album. *Blood* marked the first time Matheos played bass on an OSI album instead of recruiting an outside bassist.

Matheos asked Opeth vocalist and guitarist Mikael Åkerfeldt to write lyrics and perform vocals on one track, which would become "Stockholm". Matheos and Moore sent him the track they wanted him to work on, and he sent back a rough mix of his vocals. "We were really happy with it," Moore said. "We didn't do any revisions or ask for any changes, like we were expecting to... It was a different approach than I would have taken, and that's what was refreshing about it. That's why we wanted to get somebody else to do some vocals on the album." Tim Bowness of No-Man wrote lyrics and performed vocals on "No Celebrations", a bonus track.

## Music

Moore regarded *Blood* as "\[distilling\] the OSI vibe that we've been going for all along with this album". He noted that there was "conflict" due to his and Matheos' different musical tastes, "but it's not a personality conflict. It's a musical conflict where we want different things to happen and have to work it musically." Moore considered this conflict to be "pretty much the only thing that makes OSI relatively original. If it was just one way or the other, like the singer-songwriter stuff, electronic music or progressive metal, there's a lot of people doing those things already."

Moore stated that he found writing songs which combined progressive metal and electronic music easier than writing songs confined to one genre. "There's people who do that better. Working with the two genres, they're different enough from each other – almost natural enemies – that it keeps it interesting," he said. "It doesn't feel like being in conquered territory, it feels like there's still room to explore. There's always conflicts between the two writing elements that keeps it interesting."

When writing lyrics for previous releases, Moore would "start mumbling and I try to figure out what I'm saying and then try to make it make sense". With *Blood*, he "really wrote them down and tried to make them coherent. I didn't want it to be like 'Oh, you get your own impression of the lyrics. Everybody has their own idea!' I wanted to have an idea that I wanted to communicate, and something communicable." Moore noted that he did occasionally use his "mumbling" method as it "puts you in the right direction as far as sounds, vowel sounds, and stresses on certain syllables. And if you can write some words and lyrics that match that, sometimes it flows really well." He described all the songs as based on "personal experiences". "I'll start writing a song that has a little bit of a world view or political view or something," he said, "but then by the time I'm finished the lyrics it'll be about a relationship or something like that."

Matheos recorded his parts in *Pro Tools* using a FocusRite Saffire PRO 40 preamp. Matheos primarily used PRS guitars and Mesa Boogie amplifiers. Moore used *Ableton Live* to write music and record his vocals. The only keyboard he used was a Minimoog Voyager.

## Release and promotion

*Blood* was released by InsideOut Music on April 27, 2009, in Europe and May 19 in North America. Matheos and Moore unsuccessfully tried to organise a tour in support of *Free*. "We sort of disappointed people by saying that we were trying to making \[a tour\] happen and we wanted to make it happen," Moore said, "so this time we're not going to say that stuff." Moore stated that OSI would remain a studio-only project "until further notice".

The special edition of *Blood* came with a bonus disc featuring three extra tracks. Tim Bowness (of No-Man) wrote lyrics and performed vocals on the first song, "No Celebrations". The second track is a cover of "Christian Brothers" by Elliott Smith. The third track is "Terminal (Endless)", an extended version of the regular CD track "Terminal". "It still has something interesting drum stuff where Gavin just plays steady beats with variations on it," Moore said. "We had some mercy on the album version, but on the bonus CD, we don't have any mercy and we just let it go."

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| Blogcritics | (favorable) |
| MadeLoud |  |

Critical reception of *Blood* was generally positive. Writing for Blogcritics, Marty Dodge praised the album as "jaw droppingly impressive", considering it to "\[have\] the potential to be up there in top albums of the year". Andrew Reilly of MadeLoud lauded *Blood* as OSI's best album, although considered other individual songs from the band's catalog to be stronger than those on the album. Alex Henderson of Allmusic regarded *Blood* as "an album that falls short of earth-shattering but is still solid and worthwhile".

Reilly described *Blood* as "fully mastering the techno-informed brand of progressive metal so many others have pursued to no avail... with *Blood* the two have finally found the stylistic fusion their first two discs hinted at". Henderson described the sound of the album as "Pink Floyd and King Crimson by way of Radiohead, Nirvana, grunge, alt-metal and alt rock."

Reilly lauded Moore's lyrics, describing them as closer to his work in Dream Theater and Chroma Key than on the first two OSI albums. "Moore turns conventional phrases... into thinly-veiled warnings to some unknown subject," Reilly commented. "OSI has long been Moore's avenue for exploring the political as the personal, but here those two subjects fully cannibalize each other which, given this group's past efforts and considerable talents, would not at all be an impossible intention or unforeseen consequence." He praised Gavin Harrison's drum performance, describing it as "phenomenal". He considered "Stockholm" and "Blood" to be the highlights of the album. Dodge praised "Radiologue" as "stunning".

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Kevin Moore, except where noted; all music is composed by Jim Matheos and Kevin Moore, except where noted

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "The Escape Artist" | 5:51 |
| 2. | "Terminal" | 6:29 |
| 3. | "False Start" | 3:04 |
| 4. | "We Come Undone" | 4:03 |
| 5. | "Radiologue" | 6:05 |
| 6. | "Be the Hero" | 5:51 |
| 7. | "Microburst Alert" (Matheos; instrumental) | 3:49 |
| 8. | "Stockholm" (Lyrics: Mikael Åkerfeldt) | 6:41 |
| 9. | "Blood" | 5:24 |
| Total length: | | 47:40 |

Special edition bonus disc

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "No Celebrations" (Lyrics: Tim Bowness) | 6:27 |
| 2. | "Christian Brothers" (Elliott Smith cover) | 4:34 |
| 3. | "Terminal (Endless)" | 10:21 |
| Total length: | | 21:22 |

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Blood | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by OSI | |
| Released | April 27, 2009 |
| Recorded | 2008 |
| Genre | Progressive metal |
| Length | 47:40 (standard)
69:02 (extended) |
| Label | InsideOut |
| Producer | Jim Matheos, Kevin Moore |
| OSI chronology | |
| *Free*
(2006) ***Blood***
(2009) *Fire Make Thunder*
(2012) | |


title: Stockholm (The Triffids album)

abstract: Stockholm is a live recording by Australian rock group, The Triffids, released in July 1990 and is the final official recording by the band. All tracks were recorded live in Stockholm in 1989 for Swedish National Radio, The Bommen Show. The album was produced by Lars Aldman, engineered by Michael Bergek, and mixed at Planet Sound Studios, Perth on 15, 16 and 17 September 1989 by James Hewgill and David McComb. The album was released after the Triffids officially disbanded in August, 1989 in order to fulfill the band's contractual obligations with MNW. Island were not happy with the band using any material previously released under the label as a result the recordings highlight the Triffids’ pre-Calenture era.

text:
# Stockholm (The Triffids album)

***Stockholm*** is a live recording by Australian rock group, The Triffids, released in July 1990 and is the final official recording by the band. All tracks were recorded live in Stockholm in 1989 for Swedish National Radio, *The Bommen Show*. The album was produced by Lars Aldman, engineered by Michael Bergek, and mixed at Planet Sound Studios, Perth on 15, 16 and 17 September 1989 by James Hewgill and David McComb.

The album was released after the Triffids officially disbanded in August, 1989 in order to fulfill the band's contractual obligations with MNW. Island were not happy with the band using any material previously released under the label (i.e. *Calenture* or *The Black Swan*) as a result the recordings highlight the Triffids’ pre-*Calenture* era.

## Details

"Evil" Graham Lee said, "We owed our Swedish label an album, and we knew people in Swedish radio who suggested that in the middle of our tour we pop into their complex in Stockholm and make an album. So we did. It was recorded in one day. We were so tired that we were delirious, but it turned out pretty well." The audience sounds were dubbed in.

## Track listing

1. "Property Is Condemned"
2. "Hell of a Summer"
3. "Personal Things"
4. "Raining Pleasure"
5. "Lonely Stretch"
6. "Sure the Girl I Love"
7. "Wide Open Road"
8. "Keep Your Eyes on the Hole"
9. "In the Pines"
10. "Billy"
11. "I Am a Lonesome Hobo"
12. "How Could I Help But Love You"

## Personnel

1. McFarlane, Ian (1999). "Encyclopedia entry for 'The Triffids'". *Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop*. St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86508-072-1. Archived from the original on 17 April 2004. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
2. Holmgren, Magnus; Skjefte, Morten; Warnqvist, Stefan; Simonetti, Vince. "The Triffids". *Passagen.se*. Australian Rock Database (Magnus Holmgren). Archived from the original on 28 July 2002. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
3. Andrew Mueller. "The Triffids: Album By Album". *Rock's Backpages*.(Subscription required.)

## InfoBox

| Stockholm | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by The Triffids | |
| Released | July 1990 |
| Recorded | 1989 |
| Genre | Rock, folk rock |
| Label | Island |
| Producer | Lars Aldman |
| The Triffids chronology | |
| *The Black Swan*
(1989) ***Stockholm***
(1990) *Australian Melodrama*
(1994) | |