abstract: The 2018–19 Lafayette Leopards men's basketball team represented Lafayette College during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Leopards, led by 24th-year head coach Fran O'Hanlon, played their home games at the Kirby Sports Center in Easton, Pennsylvania as members of the Patriot League.

text:
# 2018–19 Lafayette Leopards men's basketball team

2018–19 Patriot League men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| Colgate | 13 |  | 5 |  | .722 |  |  | 24 |  | 11 |  | .686 |
| Bucknell | 13 |  | 5 |  | .722 |  |  | 21 |  | 12 |  | .636 |
| Lehigh | 12 |  | 6 |  | .667 |  |  | 20 |  | 11 |  | .645 |
| American | 9 |  | 9 |  | .500 |  |  | 15 |  | 15 |  | .500 |
| Navy | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 12 |  | 19 |  | .387 |
| Army | 8 |  | 10 |  | .444 |  |  | 13 |  | 19 |  | .406 |
| Lafayette | 7 |  | 11 |  | .389 |  |  | 10 |  | 20 |  | .333 |
| Boston University | 7 |  | 11 |  | .389 |  |  | 15 |  | 18 |  | .455 |
| Loyola (MD) | 7 |  | 11 |  | .389 |  |  | 11 |  | 21 |  | .344 |
| Holy Cross | 6 |  | 12 |  | .333 |  |  | 16 |  | 17 |  | .485 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2019 Patriot League tournament winner
 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **2018–19 Lafayette Leopards men's basketball team** represented Lafayette College during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Leopards, led by 24th-year head coach Fran O'Hanlon, played their home games at the Kirby Sports Center in Easton, Pennsylvania as members of the Patriot League.

## Previous season

The Leopards finished the 2017–18 season 10–21, 7–11 in Patriot League play to finish in seventh place. They defeated American in the first round of the Patriot League tournament before losing in the quarterfinals to Colgate.

## Offseason

### Departures

| Name | Number | Pos. | Height | Weight | Year | Hometown | Reason for departure |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Eric Stafford | 4 | G | 6'5" | 172 | Senior | Pitman, NJ | Graduated |
| Matt Klinewski | 13 | F | 6'8" | 235 | Senior | Voorhees, NJ | Graduated |

### 2018 recruiting class

US college sports recruiting information for high school athletes
| Name | Hometown | High school / college | Height | Weight | Commit date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Ronderick Perry**
*PG* | Apopka, FL | Wekiva High School | 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) | 162 lb (73 kg) | Dec 7, 2017 |
| | **Recruiting star ratings:** Scout: *N/A*   Rivals: *N/A*   247Sports: *N/A*    ESPN grade: NR | | | | | | |
| **Isaac Suffren**
*SG* | Charlotte, NC | Providence Day School | 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) | 165 lb (75 kg) | Feb 11, 2018 |
| | **Recruiting star ratings:** Scout: *N/A*   Rivals: *N/A*   247Sports: *N/A*    ESPN grade: NR | | | | | | |
| **Sean Good**
*C* | Camp Hill, PA | Trinity High School | 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) | 190 lb (86 kg) | Sep 16, 2017 |
| | **Recruiting star ratings:** Scout: *N/A*   Rivals: *N/A*   247Sports:    ESPN grade: NR | | | | | | |
| **Michael Anekwe**
*PF* | Lagos, Nigeria | Besant Hill High School | 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m) | 200 lb (91 kg) | Mar 30, 2018 |
| | **Recruiting star ratings:** Scout: *N/A*   Rivals: *N/A*   247Sports: *N/A*    ESPN grade: NR | | | | | | |
| **Overall recruiting rankings:** | | | | | | |
| * *Note*: In many cases, Scout, Rivals, 247Sports, and ESPN may conflict in their listings of height and weight. * In these cases, the average was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale.  *Sources:*
* "2018 Team Ranking". Rivals.com. Retrieved October 19, 2018. | | | | | | |

### 2019 recruiting class

| US college sports recruiting information for 2019 recruits | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Name | Hometown | High school / college | Height | Weight | Commit date |
| **Leo O'Boyle**
*SF* | Scranton, PA | Scranton Preparatory School | 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) | 162 lb (73 kg) | Aug 28, 2018 |
| | **Recruiting star ratings:** Scout: *N/A*   Rivals: *N/A*   247Sports: *N/A*    ESPN grade: NR | | | | | | |
| **Neal Quinn**
*C* | Allendale, NJ | Northern Highlands High School | 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m) | 245 lb (111 kg) | Jun 11, 2018 |
| | **Recruiting star ratings:** Scout: *N/A*   Rivals: *N/A*   247Sports: *N/A*    ESPN grade: NR | | | | | | |
| **Overall recruiting rankings:** | | | | | | |
| * *Note*: In many cases, Scout, Rivals, 247Sports, and ESPN may conflict in their listings of height and weight. * In these cases, the average was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale.  *Sources:*
 | | | | | | |

## Roster

| 2018–19 Lafayette Leopards men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Previous school Hometown  3 Tyrone Perry 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) 160 lb (73 kg) Fr Wekiva HS Apopka, FL  4 Jay Vaughan **(W)** 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) 166 lb (75 kg) Fr Allentown Central Catholic HS Allentown, PA  5 Isaac Suffren 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) 184 lb (83 kg) Fr Providence Day School Charlotte, NC  11 Justin Jaworski 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) 191 lb (87 kg) So Perkiomen Valley HS Wchwenksville, PA  12 Auston Evans 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 190 lb (86 kg) Sr Greenhill HS McKinney, TX  13 Sean Good 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) 200 lb (91 kg) Fr Trinity HS Camp Hill, PA  14 Cal Reichwein 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) 208 lb (94 kg) Jr Central Bucks West HS Doylestown, PA  20 E.J. Stephens 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) 170 lb (77 kg) So St. Thomas Aquinas HS Plantation, FL  21 Alex Petrie 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) 194 lb (88 kg) So St. Christopher's School Midlothian, VA  23 Lukas Jarrett 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 205 lb (93 kg) Jr Northport HS Northport, NY  24 Kyle Stout 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 194 lb (88 kg) Jr Parkland HS Schnecksville, PA  32 Michael Anekwe 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 209 lb (95 kg) Fr Besant Hill School (CA) Lagos, Nigeria  33 Paulius Zalys 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 209 lb (95 kg) Sr Perkiomen School Kaunas, Lithuania  44 Dylan Hastings 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m) 210 lb (95 kg) So Solanco HS Quarryville, PA  54 Myles Cherry 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 234 lb (106 kg) Jr Choate Rosemary Hall Newcastle, Australia | Head coach Assistant coach(es)   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on  ---  Roster
Last update: December 28, 2017 |

## Schedule and results

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Non-conference regular season | | | | | | | | |
| Nov 7, 2018*
7:00 pm |  | at Saint Peter's | **L** 86–93 | 0–1
 | Yanitelli Center (1,210)
Jersey City, NJ |
| Nov 10, 2018*
3:00 pm, ESPN+ |  | at La Salle | **W** 77–76 | 1–1
 | Tom Gola Arena (3,400)
Philadelphia, PA |
| Nov 13, 2018*
7:00 pm |  | at Penn | **L** 61–91 | 1–2
 | Palestra (2,061)
Philadelphia, PA |
| Nov 18, 2018*
2:00 pm, WBPH |  | St. Francis Brooklyn | **L** 72–84 | 1–3
 | Kirby Sports Center (1,146)
Easton, PA |
| Nov 25, 2018*
3:00 pm |  | at Fairleigh Dickinson | **W** 80–76 | 2–3
 | Rothman Center (242)
Teaneck, NJ |
| Nov 28, 2018*
7:00 pm, WPBH |  | Cornell | **L** 58–63 | 2–4
 | Kirby Sports Center (988)
Easton, PA |
| Dec 2, 2018*
2:00 pm, WPBH |  | Sacred Heart | **L** 62–64 | 2–5
 | Kirby Sports Center (1,322)
Easton, PA |
| Dec 5, 2018*
6:00 pm, ESPNU |  | at UConn | **L** 63–90 | 2-6
 | XL Center (6,928)
Hartford, CT |
| Dec 8, 2018*
2:00 pm |  | at Quinnipiac | **L** 77–88 | 2–7
 | People's United Center (2,008)
Hamden, CT |
| Dec 19, 2018*
7:00 pm, WPBH |  | Rosemont | **W** 95–54 | 3–7
 | Kirby Sports Center (886)
Easton, PA |
| Dec 21, 2018*
7:00 pm, WPBH |  | Princeton | **L** 79–81 | 3–8
 | Kirby Sports Center (1,134)
Easton, PA |
| Patriot League regular season | | | | | | | | |
| Jan 2, 2019
7:00 pm |  | at Lehigh | **L** 83–86 | 3–9
(0–1) | Stabler Arena (1,309)
Bethlehem, PA |
| Jan 5, 2019
1:00 pm |  | at Army | **L** 69–77 | 3–10
(0–2) | Christl Arena (471)
West Point, NY |
| Jan 9, 2019
7:00 pm, WPBH |  | Loyola (MD) | **W** 85–70 | 4–10
(1–2) | Kirby Sports Center (1,109)
Easton, PA |
| Jan 12, 2019
3:00 pm |  | at Holy Cross | **L** 70–77 | 4–11
(1–3) | Hart Center (1,182)
Worcester, MA |
| Jan 16, 2019
7:00 pm, WPBH |  | Navy | **L** 77–85 | 4–12
(1–4) | Kirby Sports Center (989)
Easton, PA |
| Jan 19, 2019
2:00 pm |  | at American | **W** 84–79 | 5–12
(2–4) | Bender Arena (694)
Washington, D.C. |
| Jan 23, 2019
7:00 pm |  | at Colgate | **L** 47–57 | 5–13
(2–5) | Cotterell Court (417)
Hamilton, NY |
| Jan 26, 2019
2:00 pm, WPBH |  | Army | **L** 63–69 | 5–14
(2–6) | Kirby Sports Center (1,189)
Easton, PA |
| Jan 30, 2019
8:30 pm, WPBH |  | Lehigh | **L** 86–93 OT | 5–15
(2–7) | Kirby Sports Center (1,344)
Easton, PA |
| Feb 2, 2019
2:00 pm, WPBH |  | Bucknell | **L** 66–94 | 5–16
(2–8) | Kirby Sports Center (1,487)
Easton, PA |
| Feb 6, 2019
7:00 pm |  | at Boston University | **W** 79–72 | 6–16
(3–8) | Case Gym (459)
Boston, MA |
| Feb 10, 2019
12:00 pm, CBSSN |  | Holy Cross | **W** 69–67 | 7–16
(4–8) | Kirby Sports Center (1,342)
Easton, PA |
| Feb 13, 2019
7:00 pm |  | at Navy | **W** 80–74 | 8–16
(5–8) | Alumni Hall (468)
Annapolis, MD |
| Feb 17, 2019
2:00 pm |  | at Loyola (MD) | **W** 69–64 | 9–16
(6–8) | Reitz Arena (879)
Baltimore, MD |
| Feb 20, 2019
7:00 pm, WPBH |  | American | **W** 70–68 | 10–16
(7–8) | Kirby Sports Center (899)
Easton, PA |
| Feb 24, 2019
2:00 pm |  | at Bucknell | **L** 76–118 | 10–17
(7–9) | Sojka Pavilion (2,968)
Lewisburg, PA |
| Feb 27, 2019
7:00 pm, WPBH |  | Boston University | **L** 82–84 | 10–18
(7–10) | Kirby Sports Center (1,247)
Easton, PA |
| Mar 2, 2019
12:00 pm, WPBH |  | Colgate | **L** 70–76 | 10–19
(7–11) | Kirby Sports Center (1,447)
Easton, PA |
| Patriot League tournament | | | | | | | | |
| Mar 5, 2019
7:00 pm | (7) | (10) Holy Cross
*First round* | **L** 74–79 | 10–20
 | Kirby Sports Center (1,004)
Easton, PA |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Eastern Time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

Source

2018–19 Lafayette Leopards women's basketball team

## InfoBox

| 2018–19 Lafayette Leopards men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conference | Patriot League |
| Record | 10–20 (7–11 Patriot) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coaches | * Jimmy Fenerty * Jarren Dyson * Justin Burrell |
| Home arena | Kirby Sports Center |
|


title: Sofia Ivanova

abstract: Sofia Ivanova is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world champion with the Bulgarian team in World Championships 2022 in Sofia and world champion with 3 ribbons+2 balls. She is the European all-around champion and team champion with the Bulgarian team in 2023 and 2024, as well as a silver medalist in the 5-hoop final. She won gold in the senior team competition at the 2022 European Championships.

text:
# Sofia Ivanova

**Sofia Ivanova** (Bulgarian: **София Иванова**; born 15 September 2005) is a Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast. She is a world champion with the Bulgarian team in World Championships 2022 in Sofia and world champion with 3 ribbons+2 balls. She is the European all-around champion and team champion with the Bulgarian team in 2023 and 2024, as well as a silver medalist in the 5-hoop final. She won gold in the senior team competition at the 2022 European Championships.

## Career

### Junior

She first entered the spotlight in 2017, when she entered the national team and started to attend competitions abroad.

### Senior

In 2021 Ivanova started competing in the senior category, winning bronze in the national championship and gold in the team competition. She competed at minor tournaments, like the Sofia cup and the Irina Deleanu cup as she was not considered among the top individuals.

In late 2021 Ivanova was included in the group. In 2022, when the girls of the previous group retired after becoming Olympic champions, she became a starter in the two routines. Her first competition was the Grand Prix in Marbella, Spain. The group then took part in the World Cup stages in Sofia (All-Around and 5 hoops gold, silver with 3 ribbons + 2 balls), Tashkent (All-Around and 5 hoops gold, bronze with 3 ribbons + 2 balls), Pesaro (All-Around and 3 ribbons + 2 balls silver and 5 hoops bronze), Pamplona (bronze with 5 hoops and silver with 3 ribbons + 2 balls) and Cluj-Napoca (All-Around, 5 hoops and 3 ribbons + 2 balls gold). In June she was part of the group for the European Championship in Tel Aviv, she won gold in the senior team category along with Vaya Draganova, Zhenina Trashlieva, Kamelia Petrova, Rachel Stoyanov, Margarita Vasileva and the individuals Boryana Kaleyn and Stiliana Nikolova.

In 2023 the group started in Marbella, where she won the All-Around as well as the gold medals in the finals with 5 hoops and with 2 balls and 3 ribbons. Later they won All-Around silver at the World Cup in Athens, they won gold in the same category two weeks later in Sofia. At the 2023 European Championships, held in Baku, she won gold medals in both Group All-around and Team competition. In 5 Hoops final, she won silver medal and placed 5th in 3 Ribbons + 2 Balls final.

In March 2024 Sofia and the group were 5th in the All-Around and 6th with 2 balls and 3 ribbons at the World Cup in Athens. In April the girls won bronze in the All-Around and silver with 3 ribbons and 2 balls in Sofia. In June, Sofia and the group won gold medal in the All-around at the 2024 European Championships in Budapest, Hungary. They also won gold in Team event, together with Boryana Kaleyn, Elvira Krasnobaeva and Stiliana Nikolova. They placed 4th in 5 Hoops final and 8th in 3 Ribbons + 2 Balls final. In August she was selected for the Olympic Games in Paris, where Sofia, Kamelia Petrova, Margarita Vasileva, Rachel Stoyanov and Magdalina Minevska, took 4th place in the final after making mistakes in the 5 hoops routine.

## InfoBox

| Sofia Ivanova | |
| --- | --- |
| София Иванова | |
| Ivanova in 2024 | |
| Personal information | |
| Country represented | Bulgaria |
| Born | (2005-09-15) 15 September 2005<br>Sofia, Bulgaria |
| Hometown | Sofia |
| Discipline | Rhythmic gymnastics |
| Level | International Elite |
| Years on national team | 2017- |
| Club | Levski Iliana |
| Head coach(es) | Vesela Dimitrova |
| Assistant coach(es) | Mihaela Maevska |
| Choreographer | Margarita Budinova |
| Medal record      Representing  Bulgaria   Event 1st 2nd 3rd  World Championships 3 0 0  European Championships 5 1 0  Grand Prix Series 3 2 1  FIG World Cup 8 6 4  FIG European Cup 1 0 1  **Total** **20** **9** **6**   World Championships  2022 Sofia  Group All-Around  2022 Sofia  3 ribbons + 2 balls  2023 Valencia Team  European Championships  2022 Tel Aviv  Team  2023 Baku  Group All-Around  2023 Baku  Team  2024 Budapest  Group All-Around  2024 Budapest  Team  2023 Baku 5 Hoops  European Cup  2024 Baku 3 Ribbons + 2 Balls  2024 Baku 5 Hoops | |


title: Centre Pawn Opening

abstract:
The Centre Pawn Opening is a chess opening characterised by the moves:
  - 1. e4 e5
  - 2. c3 The opening was analyzed by Ruy López in his 1561 book, but has never been popular. It was played 17 times in the New York 1889 tournament by the Canadian master Nicholas MacLeod but has otherwise arisen rarely in tournament play.

text:
# Centre Pawn Opening

The **Centre Pawn Opening** (or the **MacLeod Attack**) is a chess opening characterised by the moves:

1. e4 e5 2. c3

The opening was analyzed by Ruy López in his 1561 book, but has never been popular. It was played 17 times in the New York 1889 tournament by the Canadian master Nicholas MacLeod but has otherwise arisen rarely in tournament play.

## Discussion

White's second move prepares to push a pawn to d4, establishing a strong centre. Play can potentially transpose to other openings, most likely the Ponziani Opening or the Göring Gambit in the Scotch Game. Eric Schiller states, however, that the opening is too slow, that Black can respond vigorously with 2...d5 to eliminate transpositional possibilities and solve all his opening problems, as after 3.exd5 Qxd5, the move 4.Nc3 is not available to chase the queen away and gain a tempo.

After 2...d5, MacLeod played 3.Nf3 in MacLeod–Gossip, New York 1889, which continued 3...dxe4 (3...Nc6 is the Ponziani) 4.Nxe5 Qd5 (4...Bd6 5.Nc4 Be6 6.d4 exd3) 5.d4 exd3 6.Nd3 with an equal game after move 10 (Keres).

After 2...Nf6 3.d4, Rusakov–Verlinsky, USSR 1947, continued 3...Nc6 (3...Nxe4 was tried in Morphy–Bottin, Paris 1858) 4.Bg5 h6 5.Bh4 g5 6.Bg3 exd4 7.e5 dxc3, where 8.Nxc3! would have given White the upper hand with more space (Keres).

**Bibliography**

## InfoBox

Centre Pawn Opening
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Moves | 1.e4 e5 2.c3 |
| *ECO* | C20 |
| Parent | Open Game |
| Synonym(s) | MacLeod Attack |


title: Belmont railway line, Western Australia

abstract: The Belmont Railway Line was a branch railway in Western Australia that extended from the Eastern Railway at Bayswater to cross the Swan River to Belmont near the Ascot Racecourse. The line closed in 1956. The line was also known as the Belmont Spur line, Belmont Branch, and Perth Racecourse Railway.

text:
# Belmont railway line, Western Australia

| Belmont line |
| --- |
|  |
|  |

The **Belmont Railway Line** was a branch railway in Western Australia that extended from the Eastern Railway at Bayswater to cross the Swan River to Belmont near the Ascot Racecourse. The line closed in 1956.

The line was also known as the *Belmont Spur line*, *Belmont Branch*, and *Perth Racecourse Railway*.

## History

In November 1885 a 65 chains (1.3 km) branch line was constructed from the Eastern Railway at Bayswater across the Swan River to the Perth Race Course, improving access to the Race Course. Initially a ferry service across the Swan River was provided for racegoers travelling to and from the Race Course by train, which was replaced by a narrow footbridge by 1891.

The branch line's construction immediately spawned proposals to construct a railway linking the Eastern Railway at Bayswater (via the branch line) to areas south of Perth, including Canning, Kelmscott, Woongong, Pinjarra, Bunbury, and Busselton. The various proposals were abandoned following the announcement of the construction of the South Western Railway in 1891 which provided a more direct route bridging the Swan River further to the south.

The *Perth Racecourse Railway Act 1896*, an act by the Parliament of Western Australia assented to on 27 October 1896, authorised the construction of the railway line from Bayswater.

In 1897 the line was extended across the Swan River, and a new station built on the southern side of the Race Course. The new station was opened on 21 October 1897. The railway service to Belmont was suspended in 1926 following floods.

Consideration of closing the railway had been publicly discussed as early as 1930. There was a proposal to convert the rail bridge over the Swan River to a road bridge, however this never happened. Instead, the Garratt Road Bridge opened nearby in 1935.

In the mid-1930s, the Bayswater Road Board asked the Main Roads Department to construct a subway at Guildford Road to replace the existing level crossing. The Bayswater Road Board considered the level crossing, named Whatley Crossing to be one of the most dangerous level crossings in the area. The subway was never constructed.

The Belmont branch line was closed in 1956 following a fire on the bridge crossing the Swan River, and the bridge, line and stations were removed in 1957. The *Belmont Branch Railway Discontinuance and Land Revestment Act 1956*, assented to on 7 December 1956, authorised the closure of the line.


title: Sinarmas MSIG Tower

abstract: Sinarmas MSIG Tower is a skyscraper at Sudirman Avenue, Jakarta, Indonesia. The 48 story building was completed in 2015, construction having begun in 2012. Architecturally the tower is 245 meters tall. The building serves as the headquarters of Indonesian insurance company Sinarmas MSIG. The tower was built using modern and environmentally friendly principles and materials such as Low E Glass, a double glass system that can reduce heat and sound leakage, as the embodiment of a building with energy efficiency. In addition it has Building Automation System (BAS) to control water, electricity, and air conditioning.

text:
# Sinarmas MSIG Tower

**Sinarmas MSIG Tower** is a skyscraper at Sudirman Avenue, Jakarta, Indonesia. The 48 story building was completed in 2015, construction having begun in 2012. Architecturally the tower is 245 meters tall. The building serves as the headquarters of Indonesian insurance company Sinarmas MSIG. The tower was built using modern and environmentally friendly principles and materials such as Low E Glass, a double glass system that can reduce heat and sound leakage, as the embodiment of a building with energy efficiency. In addition it has Building Automation System (BAS) to control water, electricity, and air conditioning.

## InfoBox

| Sinarmas MSIG Tower | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Commercial |
| Location | Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Address | Jalan Jenderal Sudirman, Kav-21 |
| Opening | 2015 |
| Owner | Sinarmas MSIG Life and PT Smart Tbk |
| Height | |
| Roof | 804 ft (245 m) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 48 |
| Floor area | 81,598 m2 / 878,314 ft2 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Marzio Kato Architecture |
| Developer | Duta Anggata Group |


title: Ždeglovo

abstract: Ždeglovo is a village in the municipality of Lebane, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 695 people.

text:
# Ždeglovo

**Ždeglovo** is a village in the municipality of Lebane, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 695 people.

42°56′00″N 21°46′12″E / 42.93333°N 21.77000°E / 42.93333; 21.77000

## InfoBox

| Ždeglovo | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Ždeglovo | |
| Coordinates: 42°56′00″N 21°46′12″E / 42.93333°N 21.77000°E / 42.93333; 21.77000 | |
| Country | Serbia |
| District | Jablanica District |
| Municipality | Lebane |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 695 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Donar past rosters

abstract: This page shows all players of the professional basketball club Donar from Groningen, Netherlands from the period since 2011.

text:
# Donar past rosters

This page shows **all players** of the professional basketball club **Donar** from Groningen, Netherlands from the period since 2011.

## List (2011–present)

| **Pos** | G | Guard | F | Forward | C | Center |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **No** | Jersey number | | | | | |
| **Yrs** | Number of seasons played with Donar | | | | | |
| * | Denotes player who has been inducted to the Basketball Hall of Fame | | | | | |
| ^ | Denotes player who is currently on the Donar roster | | | | | |
|  | Denotes player who has spent his entire career with Donar | | | | | |
| # | Denotes a jersey number that was retired by Donar | | | | | |
|  | Denotes player who left the season before the end | | | | | |

| Player | Nationality | Pos | No\[a\] | Yrs | From\[b\] | To\[b\] | Notes and achievements\[c\] | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Marquis Addison | USA | G | 34 | 1 | 2021 | 2022 |  |  |
| Sheyi Adetunji | NED | G | 3 | 3 | 2019 | 2022 | Youth academy |  |
| Nesta Agasi | NED | F | 1 | 1 | 2020 | 2021 | Youth academy |  |
| Yannick van der Ark | NED | G | 6 | 4 | 2010 | 2014 | Youth academy |  |
| David Bell | USA | G | 11 | 2 | 2011 | 2013 | DBL champion (2014, 2018) DBL All-Star Team (2018) |  |
| Ross Bekkering | NED CAN | F/C | 12 | 3 | 2013 | 2016 | DBL champion (2014, 2016) DBL All-Star Team (2016) |  |
| Maarten Bouwknecht | NED | G | 7 | 2 | 2013 | 2015 | Youth academy DBL champion (2014) |  |
| Jamal Boykin | USA | F | 7 | 1 | 2012 | 2013 |  |  |
| Reinier Brandsma | NED | C | 15 | 1 | 2018 | 2019 | Youth academy |  |
| Willem Brandwijk | NED | F/C | 19 | 2 | 2020 | 2022 |  |  |
| Ken Brown | USA | G | 2 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 | DBL champion (2016) |  |
| Evan Bruinsma | USA | F | 24 | 1 | 2017 | 2018 | DBL champion (2018) DBL All-Star Team (2018) |  |
| Dražen Bubnić | SLO CRO | F | 11 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 | DBL champion (2016) |  |
| Bradford Burgess | USA | F/C | 23 | 1 | 2017 | 2018 | DBL champion (2018) |  |
| Jordan Callahan | USA | G | 30 | 1 | 2018 | 2019 |  |  |
| Henry Caruso | ITA USA | F | 21 | 2 | 2020 | 2022 |  |  |
| Bill Clark | USA | G | 14 | 1 | 2014 | 2015 |  |  |
| Nick Cochran | CAN GBR | G | 4 | 1 | 2014 | 2015 |  |  |
| Dan Coleman | USA | F | 22 | 1 | 2013 | 2014 | DBL champion (2014) |  |
| Sean Cunningham | USA
NED | G | 6 | 5 | 2014 | 2019 | DBL champion (2016–2018) DBL Defensive Player of the Year (2018) |  |
| Brandyn Curry | USA | G | 20 | 1 | 2017 | 2018 | DBL champion (2018) DBL MVP (2018)   DBL Play-offs MVP (2018)
DBL All-Star Team (2018) |  |
| Bryan Davis | USA | C | 15 | 1 | 2011 | 2012 |  |  |
| Bryan Defares | NED | G | 14 | 1 | 2010 | 2011 |  |  |
| LaRon Dendy | USA | F/C | 23 | 1 | 2018 | 2019 |  |  |
| Tjoe de Paula | DOM NED | G | 5 | 1 | 2016 | 2017 | DBL champion (2017) |  |
| Sergio De Randamie | SUR | F | 5 | 2 | 2011 | 2013 |  |  |
| Sander de Roos | NED | G/F | 7 | 4 | 2008 | 2012 | Youth academy |  |
| Stephen Domingo | USA
NGR | G/F | 31 | 1 | 2017 | 2018 | DBL champion (2018) |  |
| Jason Dourisseau | USA
NED | G | 8# | 10 | 2009 2015 | 2014 2020 | DBL champion (2010, 2014, 2016–2018) DBL MVP (2011)   DBL All-Star Team (2011) |  |
| Amanze Egekeze | USA
NGR | F | 12 | 1 | 2021 | 2022 |  |  |
| Chase Fieler | USA | F | 20 | 2 | 2015 | 2017 | DBL champion (2016, 2017) DBL Play-offs MVP (2017)   DBL All-Star Team (2017) |  |
| Yannick Franke | NED | G | 7 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 |  |  |
| Deshawn Freeman | USA | F | 6 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 |  |  |
| Jimmy Gavin | USA | G | 9 | 1 | 2021 | 2022 |  |  |
| Teddy Gipson | USA | G | 5 | 2 | 2017 | 2019 | DBL champion (2018) |  |
| Shane Hammink | NED | G/F | 11 | 2 | 2018 | 2020 |  |  |
| Tim Hoeve | NED | G/F | 21 | 1 | 2016 | 2017 | Youth academy DBL champion (2017) |  |
| Yoeri Hoexum | NED | G/F | 7 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 | Youth academy |  |
| Mark-Peter Hof | NED | F | 13 | 4 | 2008 2013 | 2011 2014 | Youth academy DBL champion (2010, 2014) |  |
| Dexter Hope | NED | G | 5 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 | DBL champion (2016) |  |
| Dimeo van der Horst | NED | G | 13 | 1 | 2012 | 2013 |  |  |
| Donte Ingram | USA | F | 2 | 1 | 2021 | 2022 |  |  |
| Juwann James | USA | C | 33 | 1 | 2020 | 2021 |  |  |
| Rogier Jansen | NED | G | 4 14 | 5 | 2003 2007 2012 | 2005 2009 2013 |  |  |
| Lance Jeter | USA | G | 4 34 | 3 | 2014 2016 2018 | 2015 2017 2019 | DBL champion (2016, 2017) DBL MVP (2015, 2017)   DBL Play-offs MVP (2016)
DBL All-Star Team (2015–2017) |  |
| Michael Kingma | AUS NED | C | 14 | 1 | 2012 | 2013 |  |  |
| Craig Osaikhwuwuomwan | NED | C | 9 | 2 | 2013 | 2015 | DBL champion (2014) |  |
| Thomas Koenis | NED | C | 14 15 | 9 | 2011 2017 | 2015 2022 | DBL champion (2014, 2018) DBL All-Star Team (2018) |  |
| Sjoerd Koopmans | NED | G/F | 6 | 2 | 2016 | 2018 | Youth academy DBL champion (2017, 2018) |  |
| DaVonté Lacy | USA | G | 7 | 1 | 2020 | 2021 |  |  |
| Carrington Love | USA | G | 12 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 |  |  |
| Austin Luke | USA | G | 1 | 1 | 2021 | 2022 |  |  |
| Tommy Mason-Griffin | USA | G | 2 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 |  |  |
| Daan Maring | NED | F/C | 12 | 1 | 2016 | 2017 | Youth academy DBL champion (2017, 2018) |  |
| Rienk Mast | NED | F/C | 15 | 2 | 2017 | 2019 | Youth academy DBL champion (2018)   DBL MVP Under 23 (2019) |  |
| Matt McCarthy | AUS | C | 33 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 |  |  |
| Kevin McCleery | NED CAN | C | 12 | 1 | 2011 | 2012 |  |  |
| Maurice Miller | USA | G | 4 | 1 | 2012 | 2013 |  |  |
| Stefan Mladenović | NED SRB | G | 7 | 3 | 2007 2014 2016 | 2008 2015 2017 | Youth academy DBL champion (2017) |  |
| Will Moreton | USA | G | 22 | 1 | 2020 | 2021 |  |  |
| Niek Nieboer | NED | G | 6 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 | Youth academy DBL champion (2016) |  |
| Lotanna Nwogbo | NGR USA | C | 24 | 1 | 2021 | 2022 |  |  |
| Jarred Ogungbemi-Jackson | CAN JAM | G | 3 | 1 | 2020 | 2021 | DBL All-Star Team (2021) |  |
| Drago Pašalić | CRO | C | 33 | 3 | 2016 | 2019 | DBL champion (2017, 2018) DBL All-Star Team (2017) |  |
| Eric Peutz | NED | F | 22 | 1 | 2014 | 2015 | Youth academy |  |
| Quentin Pryor | USA | G | 14 | 1 | 2013 | 2014 | DBL champion (2014) |  |
| Benny van der Reijden | NED | C | 23 | 1 | 2013 | 2014 | Youth academy DBL champion (2014) |  |
| Mark Ridderhof | NED | G | 8 | 1 | 2014 | 2015 |  |  |
| Jeff Robinson | USA | F | 5 | 1 | 2013 | 2014 |  |  |
| Nate Rohnert | USA | G | 4 | 1 | 2012 | 2013 |  |  |
| Mark Roorda | NED | F | 27 | 1 | 2021 | 2022 | Youth academy |  |
| Aron Royé | NED | G | 3 | 4 | 2008 2017 | 2011
2018 | DBL champion (2010) |  |
| Damjan Rudež | CRO | F | 9 | 1 | 2020 | 2021 |  |  |
| Skip Samson | NED USA | G | 4 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 | DBL champion (2016) |  |
| Mark Sanchez | USA
MEX | F | 5 | 1 | 2014 | 2015 |  |  |
| Max van Schaik | NED | F | 10 | 1 | 2011 | 2012 |  |  |
| Jeffrey Sedoc | NED | F | 28 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 | Youth academy |  |
| Garrick Sherman | USA | C | 11 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 | DBL champion (2016) |  |
| Grant Sitton | USA | F | 00 | 1 | 2018 | 2019 |  |  |
| Arvin Slagter | NED | G | 4 44 | 4 | 2013 2016 | 2014 2019 | DBL champion (2014, 2017, 2018) DBL MVP (2014)   DBL All-Star Team (2014) |  |
| Drew Smith | USA
LAT | C | 11 | 2 | 2016 2019 | 2017 2020 | DBL champion (2017) |  |
| Will Sullivan | USA | G | 3 | 1 | 2015 | 2016 | DBL champion (2016) |  |
| Vernon Taylor | USA | G | 42 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 |  |  |
| Ties Theeuwkens | NED | G/F | 9 | 2 | 2011 | 2013 |  |  |
| Donte Thomas | USA | F | 1 0 | 2 | 2019 2021 | 2020 2022 |  |  |
| Bas Veenstra | NED | F | 9 | 3 | 2014 | 2017 | DBL champion (2017) |  |
| Jessey Voorn | NED | G | 21 | 3 | 2011 | 2014 | DBL champion (2014) DBL MVP Under 23 (2013) |  |
| Jef de Vries | NED | G | 9 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 | Youth academy |  |
| Jobi Wall | USA | F | 3 | 1 | 2018 | 2019 |  |  |
| Justin Watts | USA | F | 24 | 1 | 2020 | 2021 |  |  |
| Leon Williams^ | NED | G | 5 | 3 | 2019 | 2022 |  |  |
| Matt Williams Jr. | USA | G | 0 | 1 | 2019 | 2020 |  |  |
| Alex Wesby | USA | G | 4 | 1 | 2011 | 2012 |  |  |
| Cashmere Wright | USA | G | 11 | 1 | 2013 | 2014 | DBL champion (2014) |  |
| DeJuan Wright | USA | G | 11 | 1 | 2014 | 2015 |  |  |
| Avis Wyatt | USA | F/C | 14 | 1 | 2011 | 2012 |  |  |
| Kjeld Zuidema^ | NED | F | 32 | 2 | 2020 | 2022 | Youth academy |  |

1. "Team Donar 2021/2022 - DonarMuseum.nl". *www.donarmuseum.nl* (in Dutch). Retrieved 10 June 2022.


title: Densbüren

abstract: Densbüren is a municipality in the Aarau District of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

text:
# Densbüren

**Densbüren** is a municipality in the Aarau District of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

## History

Densbüren is first mentioned in the 14th century as *Tensbuirron*. In 1426, it was mentioned as *Teinspuiren*.

## Geography

Densbüren has an area, as of 2006, of 12.6 km2 (4.9 sq mi). Of this area, 39.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 55.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 4.8% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.2%) is non-productive (rivers or lakes).

The municipality is located in the Aarau District on the northern slope of the Staffelegg Pass, a regionally important pass over the Jura Mountains. It consists of the linear village of Densbüren and the hamlets of Asp.

## Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is *Argent bordered Gules a Pine Tree Vert issuant from Coupeaux of the same.*

## Demographics

Densbüren has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 728. As of 2008, 7.7% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years, the population has decreased at a rate of -4.9%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (98.2%), with Albanian being second most common (0.4%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (0.3%).

The age distribution, as of 2008, in Densbüren is;

| Age range in years | Percentage of population | Number of population |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0-9 | 7.8% | 56 |
| 10-19 | 15.4% | 110 |
| 20-29 | 11.6% | 83 |
| 30-39 | 11.0% | 79 |
| 40-49 | 17.6% | 126 |
| 50-59 | 15.0% | 107 |
| 60-69 | 10.3% | 74 |
| 70-79 | 7.1% | 51 |
| 8-89 | 3.6% | 26 |
| 90+ | 0.4% | 3 |

As of 2000, there were 25 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 98 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 135 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.62 individuals. In 2008 there were 151 single family homes (or 49.8% of the total) out of a total of 303 homes and apartments.

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party which received 52.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Free Democratic Party (10.5%), the Social Democratic Party (10.3%) and the Christian Democratic People's Party (8%).

In Densbüren about 77.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a *Fachhochschule*). Of the school age population (in the 2008/2009 school year), there are 44 students attending primary school in the municipality.

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1764 | 469 |  |
| 1798 | 666 | +42.0% |
| 1850 | 1,167 | +75.2% |
| 1900 | 934 | −20.0% |
| 1950 | 772 | −17.3% |
| 1980 | 596 | −22.8% |
| 2000 | 72 | −87.9% |

The historical population is given in the following table:

## Heritage sites of national significance

The ruined castle of Urgiz Castle is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

## Economy

As of 2007, Densbüren had an unemployment rate of 1.42%. As of 2005, there were 81 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 28 businesses involved in this sector. 98 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 10 businesses in this sector. 88 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 20 businesses in this sector.

As of 2000 there were a total of 361 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 255 or about 70.6% of the residents worked outside Densbüren while 100 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 206 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality.

## Religion

From the 2000 census, 113 or 15.7% are Roman Catholic, while 529 or 73.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church.

## InfoBox

| Densbüren | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Densbüren | |
| DensbürenDensbüren | |
| Coordinates: 47°27′N 8°03′E / 47.450°N 8.050°E / 47.450; 8.050 | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Aargau |
| District | Aarau |
| Area | |
| Total | 12.52 km2 (4.83 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 481 m (1,578 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2018) | |
| Total | 730 |
| Density | 58/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 5026 |
| SFOS number | 4004 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-AG |
| Localities | Densbüren, Asp |
| Surrounded by | Herznach, Küttigen, Oberhof, Thalheim, Wölflinswil, Zeihen |
| Website | www.densbueren.ch
SFSO statistics |


title: Carbethopendecinium bromide

abstract: Carbethopendecinium bromide is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic and disinfectant. It is white to yellowish crystalline powder. It is well soluble in water, ethanol and chloroform; its water solutions foam strongly if shaken. Carbethopendecinium bromide is the active substance in antiseptic and disinfecting products prepared in the Czech Republic under the trademarks Septonex and Otipur. In small quantities, it is contained in other products as auxiliary substance too.

text:
# Carbethopendecinium bromide

**Carbethopendecinium bromide** is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic and disinfectant. It is white to yellowish crystalline powder. It is well soluble in water, ethanol and chloroform; its water solutions foam strongly if shaken.

Carbethopendecinium bromide is the active substance in antiseptic and disinfecting products prepared in the Czech Republic under the trademarks **Septonex** (also Ophtalmo-Septonex, Mukoseptonex etc.) and **Otipur**. In small quantities, it is contained in other products as auxiliary substance too.

1. Český lékopis 1997 - Carbethopendecinii bromidum Archived July 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

## InfoBox

Carbethopendecinium bromide
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Names | |
| IUPAC name (1-ethoxy-1-oxohexadecan-2-yl)-trimethylazanium bromide | |
| Other names Carbaethopendecine bromide; \[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)pentadecyl\]trimethylammonium bromide | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.210.920 |
| PubChem CID |  |
| UNII |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C21H44NO2.BrH/c1-6-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20(22(3,4)5)21(23)24-7-2;/h20H,6-19H2,1-5H3;1H/q+1;/p-1 YKey: FXQJFHYFOGHZTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y * InChI=1/C21H44NO2.BrH/c1-6-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20(22(3,4)5)21(23)24-7-2;/h20H,6-19H2,1-5H3;1H/q+1;/p-1Key: FXQJFHYFOGHZTB-REWHXWOFAR | |
| SMILES * CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(=O)OCC)\[N+\](C)(C)C.\[Br-\] * \[Br-\].O=C(OCC)C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)\[N+\](C)(C)C | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C21H44BrNO2 |
| Molar mass | 422.48 g/mol |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?)  Infobox references | |


title: Lasthenia ferrisiae

abstract: Lasthenia ferrisiae is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Ferris' goldfields. It is endemic to the California Central Valley, where it grows in vernal pools and alkali flats.

text:
# Lasthenia ferrisiae

***Lasthenia ferrisiae*** is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name **Ferris' goldfields**. It is endemic to the California Central Valley, where it grows in vernal pools and alkali flats.

## Description

*Lasthenia ferrisiae* is an annual herb approaching a maximum height of 40 centimeters. It is variable in appearance and similar to other species of goldfields (*Lasthenia*); it is probably the result of a cross between *Lasthenia chrysantha* and *Lasthenia glabrata*, which grow throughout its range. The stem may be branched or not and it bears hairless, linear leaves that are up to 8 centimeters long.

Atop the hairless or sparsely hairy stems are inflorescences of flower heads with fused, hairless phyllaries. The head contains many yellow disc florets with a fringe of small yellow ray florets.

The fruit is a flat, oval-shaped achene up to about 2 millimeters long.

## InfoBox

| *Lasthenia ferrisiae* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | *Lasthenia* |
| Species: | ***L. ferrisiae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lasthenia ferrisiae***<br>Ornduff | |
|


title: Socratic questioning

abstract: Socratic questioning is an educational method named after Socrates that focuses on discovering answers by asking questions of students. According to Plato, Socrates believed that "the disciplined practice of thoughtful questioning enables the scholar/student to examine ideas and be able to determine the validity of those ideas". Plato explains how, in this method of teaching, the teacher assumes an ignorant mindset in order to compel the student to assume the highest level of knowledge. Thus, a student is expected to develop the ability to acknowledge contradictions, recreate inaccurate or unfinished ideas, and critically determine necessary thought. Socratic questioning is a form of disciplined questioning that can be used to pursue thought in many directions and for many purposes, including: to explore complex ideas, to get to the truth of things, to open up issues and problems, to uncover assumptions, to analyze concepts, to distinguish what we know from what we do not know, to follow out logical consequences of thought or to control discussions. Socratic questioning is based on the foundation that thinking has structured logic, and allows underlying thoughts to be questioned. The key to distinguishing Socratic questioning from questioning per se is that the former is systematic, disciplined, deep and usually focuses on fundamental concepts, principles, theories, issues or problems.

text:
# Socratic questioning

**Socratic questioning** (or **Socratic maieutics**) is an educational method named after Socrates that focuses on discovering answers by asking questions of students. According to Plato, Socrates believed that "the disciplined practice of thoughtful questioning enables the scholar/student to examine ideas and be able to determine the validity of those ideas". Plato explains how, in this method of teaching, the teacher assumes an ignorant mindset in order to compel the student to assume the highest level of knowledge. Thus, a student is expected to develop the ability to acknowledge contradictions, recreate inaccurate or unfinished ideas, and critically determine necessary thought.

Socratic questioning is a form of disciplined questioning that can be used to pursue thought in many directions and for many purposes, including: to explore complex ideas, to get to the truth of things, to open up issues and problems, to uncover assumptions, to analyze concepts, to distinguish what we know from what we do not know, to follow out logical consequences of thought or to control discussions. Socratic questioning is based on the foundation that thinking has structured logic, and allows underlying thoughts to be questioned. The key to distinguishing Socratic questioning from questioning *per se* is that the former is systematic, disciplined, deep and usually focuses on fundamental concepts, principles, theories, issues or problems.

## Pedagogy

When teachers use Socratic questioning in teaching, their purpose may be to probe student thinking, to determine the extent of student knowledge on a given topic, issue or subject, to model Socratic questioning for students or to help students analyze a concept or line of reasoning. It is suggested that students should learn the discipline of Socratic questioning so that they begin to use it in reasoning through complex issues, in understanding and assessing the thinking of others and in following-out the implications of what they and others think. In fact, Socrates himself thought that questioning was the only defensible form of teaching.

In teaching, teachers can use Socratic questioning for at least two purposes:

* To deeply probe student thinking, to help students begin to distinguish what they know or understand from what they do not know or understand (and to help them develop intellectual humility in the process).
* To foster students' abilities to ask Socratic questions, to help students acquire the powerful tools of Socratic dialogue, so that they can use these tools in everyday life (in questioning themselves and others). To this end, teachers can model the questioning strategies they want students to emulate and employ. Moreover, teachers need to directly teach students how to construct and ask deep questions. Beyond that, students need practice to improve their questioning abilities.

Socratic questioning illuminates the importance of questioning in learning. This includes differentiating between systematic and fragmented thinking, while forcing individuals to understand the root of their knowledge and ideas. Educators who support the use of Socratic questioning in educational settings argue that it helps students become active and independent learners. Examples of Socratic questions that are used for students in educational settings:

1. Getting students to clarify their thinking and explore the origin of their thinking *e.g*., 'Why do you say that?', 'Could you explain further?'
2. Challenging students about assumptions *e.g*., 'Is this always the case?', 'Why do you think that this assumption holds here?'
3. Providing evidence as a basis for arguments *e.g*., 'Why do you say that?', 'Is there reason to doubt this evidence?'
4. Discovering alternative viewpoints and perspectives and conflicts between contentions *e.g*., 'What is the counter-argument?', 'Can/did anyone see this another way?'
5. Exploring implications and consequences *e.g*., 'But if...happened, what else would result?', 'How does...affect...?'
6. Questioning the question *e.g*., 'Why do you think that I asked that question?', 'Why was that question important?', 'Which of your questions turned out to be the most useful?'

## Socratic questioning and critical thinking

The art of Socratic questioning is intimately connected with critical thinking because the art of questioning is important to excellence of thought. Socrates argued for the necessity of probing individual knowledge, and acknowledging what one may not know or understand. Critical thinking has the goal of reflective thinking that focuses on what should be believed or done about a topic. Socratic questioning adds another level of thought to critical thinking, by focusing on extracting depth, interest and assessing the truth or plausibility of thought. Socrates argued that a lack of knowledge is not bad, but students must strive to make known what they don't know through the means of a form of critical thinking.

Critical thinking and Socratic questioning both seek meaning and truth. Critical thinking provides the rational tools to monitor, assess, and perhaps reconstitute or re-direct our thinking and action. This is what educational reformer John Dewey described as *reflective inquiry*: "in which the thinker turns a subject over in the mind, giving it serious and consecutive consideration." Socratic questioning is an explicit focus on framing self-directed, disciplined questions to achieve that goal.

The technique of questioning or leading discussion is spontaneous, exploratory, and issue-specific. The Socratic educator listens to the viewpoints of the student and considers the alternative points of view. It is necessary to teach students to sift through all the information, form a connection to prior knowledge, and transform the data to new knowledge in a thoughtful way. Some qualitative research shows that the use of the Socratic questioning within a traditional Yeshiva education setting helps students succeed in law school, although it remains an open question as to whether that relationship is causal or merely correlative.

It has been proposed in different studies that the "level of thinking that occurs is influenced by the level of questions asked". Thus, utilizing the knowledge that students don't know stimulates their ability to ask more complex questions. This requires educators to create conducive learning environments that promote and value the role of critical thinking, mobilising their ability to form complex thoughts and questions.

## Psychology

Socratic questioning has also been used in psychotherapy, most notably as a cognitive restructuring technique in classical Adlerian psychotherapy, logotherapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and logic-based therapy. The purpose is to help uncover the assumptions and evidence that underpin people's thoughts in respect of problems. A set of Socratic questions in cognitive therapy aim to deal with automatic thoughts that distress the patient:

1. Revealing the issue: 'What evidence supports this idea? And what evidence is against its being true?'
2. Conceiving reasonable alternatives: 'What might be another explanation or viewpoint of the situation? Why else did it happen?'
3. Examining various potential consequences: 'What are worst, best, bearable and most realistic outcomes?'
4. Evaluate those consequences: 'What's the effect of thinking or believing this? What could be the effect of thinking differently and no longer holding onto this belief?'
5. Distancing: 'Imagine a specific friend/family member in the same situation or if they viewed the situation this way, what would I tell them?'

Careful use of Socratic questioning enables a therapist to challenge recurring or isolated instances of a person's illogical thinking while maintaining an open position that respects the internal logic to even the most seemingly illogical thoughts.


title: Sidney Marcus

abstract: Sidney Julius Marcus was a Georgia (U.S.) legislator from Atlanta's 26th district, now the 106th district, who served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1968 until his death in 1983. He served on several committees: Health and Ecology, on which he was chairman; Ways and Means; and Rules. For several years, Marcus was chairman of Fulton County delegation. He was also an unsuccessful candidate for Mayor of Atlanta in 1981, defeated by Andrew Young. He was a noted Atlanta politician, and active in the Jewish community. His accomplishments included helping to stop the I-485 freeway which threatened several intown neighborhoods. Sidney Marcus attended Atlanta public schools and graduated from the University of Georgia in 1948, as a member of Zeta Beta Tau fraternity. He was a 1955 graduate of the Emory University School of Law. Marcus married Charlotte Glyck of Waycross, GA, and they had three children, Robyn, Bradley and Beth.

text:
# Sidney Marcus

**Sidney Julius Marcus** (February 5, 1928 – October 27, 1983) was a Georgia (U.S.) legislator from Atlanta's 26th district, now the 106th district, who served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1968 until his death in 1983. He served on several committees: Health and Ecology, on which he was chairman; Ways and Means; and Rules. For several years, Marcus was chairman of Fulton County delegation. He was also an unsuccessful candidate for Mayor of Atlanta in 1981, defeated by Andrew Young. He was a noted Atlanta politician, and active in the Jewish community. His accomplishments included helping to stop the I-485 freeway which threatened several intown neighborhoods (leading to the park named in his honor). Sidney Marcus attended Atlanta public schools and graduated from the University of Georgia in 1948, as a member of Zeta Beta Tau fraternity. He was a 1955 graduate of the Emory University School of Law. Marcus married Charlotte Glyck of Waycross, GA, and they had three children, Robyn, Bradley and Beth.

## Monuments

* Sidney Marcus Boulevard, which runs 1.1 km (0.7 mi) from Piedmont Road (S.R. 237) to the Buford Highway Connector (S.R.13) in Atlanta, is named in his honor.
* Sidney Marcus Park, Cumberland Road at Cumberland Circle, Morningside, Atlanta, GA.
* Sidney Marcus Auditorium, Georgia World Congress Center
* *On the Right Track*, campaign show at the Fox Theatre

## Sources


title: Belval, Luxembourg

abstract: Belval is a quarter and neighbourhood in the west of Esch-sur-Alzette, in south-western Luxembourg. Belval is the site of the large steelworks that dominate the city. Due to the dominance of the steelworks, Belval suffered from the abandonment of steel production in Luxembourg, and is undergoing an extensive regeneration programme to help diversify beyond steel production. The redevelopment plan, priced at €450m, will turn the brownfield site into a large scientific and cultural centre, including the science faculty of the University of Luxembourg. It is the location of the Rockhal, Luxembourg's largest music venue, which opened in 2005. Belval is served by three railway stations operated by Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois: Belval-Université, Belval-Rédange, and Belval-Lycée.

text:
# Belval, Luxembourg

**Belval** is a quarter and neighbourhood in the west of Esch-sur-Alzette, in south-western Luxembourg. Belval is the site of the large steelworks that dominate the city. Due to the dominance of the steelworks, Belval suffered from the abandonment of steel production in Luxembourg, and is undergoing an extensive regeneration programme to help diversify beyond steel production. The redevelopment plan, priced at €450m, will turn the brownfield site into a large scientific and cultural centre, including the science faculty of the University of Luxembourg. It is the location of the Rockhal, Luxembourg's largest music venue, which opened in 2005.

Belval is served by three railway stations operated by Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois: Belval-Université, Belval-Rédange, and Belval-Lycée.

## Site history

### The steel era

Between 1909 and 1912, the company Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks A.G. built a brand new steelworks at Esch-sur-Alzette: the factory Adolf-Emil.

In 1911, the company ARBED (Aciéries Réunies de Burbach-Eich-Dudelange) was created by the merger and acquisition of the 3 largest steelworks in Luxembourg. The steel industry in those years was prosperous as 1913 was a year with one of the highest yields.

Unfortunately, the steel and coal production saw a decline in its production after World War II. Indeed, the Luxembourgish production was highly linked to the German market and the German machinery. Both of them were impacted by the war and therefore the Luxembourgish industry also got impacted.

However, it obtained a certain revival in 1950. The following years were much more prosperous partly thanks to the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). Indeed, the ECSC was founded in 1952, and it is after many negotiations that it was decided, during the night from the 24th to the 25th of July, that the European Coal and Steel Community's High Authority would temporarily begin its work in Luxembourg. Luxembourg, therefore, became the centre of this economic community and became the centre of the coal and steel production. As a symbol of this, on 30 April 1953, on the eve of the opening of the common European steel market, Jean Monnet, President of the High Authority of the ECSC, activated the first European steel casting at the Belval steelworks.

The steel industry continued to prosper for a few more years, in 1965 began the firing of blast furnace A (daily capacity: 2300t; diameter: 8 m). In 1970 was the Firing of blast furnace B at ARBED Esch-Belval (daily capacity: 3000 t; diameter: 9 m) where automation was very advanced and would enable full computer control in the near future. And finally, 1979 was the year where Blast furnace C came to life.

In 1994, ARBED decided to change its type of steel production for long products (such as sheet piling) at its sites in Luxembourg. The steel production moved from produced from iron ore with blast furnaces to electric arc furnaces using recycled steel.

But those prosperous years were not to continue. As every steel and coal production from the region, Belval suffered from the economical context. In 1995, furnace C got shut down after a breakdown and never reopened. It was disassembled in 1996. Soon following it was furnace A which closed in 1995. With the closing of the last blast furnace in Esch-Belval in July 1997, 120 hectares (approximatively 300 acres) were available for a redevelopment process, offering a place with a high economic development for the country and the whole southern region.

### The Belval project

In 2001, an international urban planning contest was set up to take the best decisions about the Belval project.

After a detailed study of the projects, focused on the profitability, duration and site preparation criteria, a dialogue committee, supervised by the Ministry of the Interior, decided on 8 March 2002 to pursue the planning on the basis of the project from the *Jo Coenen & Co* architects and urbanists of Maastricht.

Across the different districts, the project will be able to accommodate more than 5,000 inhabitants and more than 20,000 daily users. The new urban setting extends over a developed surface of almost 1.3 million m2, on 69 hectares for building. An important proportion (30 percent of the surfaces) is saved for green and public spaces.

The conditions of its implementation confer a great development potential on it thanks for instance to:

* the respect of the guiding principles formulated since the beginning by the project originators;
* the creation of a harmonious urban fabric with the municipalities of Esch-sur-Alzette and Sanem;
* an active support of the State through an important decentralization programme of administrative and other governmental functions including the implementation of an ambitious secondary and higher education policy. This policy was developed in relation to creation of the University of Luxembourg and to the high school of Belval, Lycée Bel-Val.

## Footnotes

49°30′01″N 5°57′26″E / 49.50028°N 5.95722°E / 49.50028; 5.95722


title: Simon Crowcroft

abstract: Alan Simon Crowcroft is a Jersey politician, Connétable of St Helier, and former teacher. He has been an elected member of the States of Jersey since 1996.

text:
# Simon Crowcroft

**Alan Simon Crowcroft** is a Jersey politician, Connétable of St Helier, and former teacher. He has been an elected member of the States of Jersey since 1996.

## Background

Crowcroft is the son of zoologists Peter Crowcroft and Gillian Godfrey. He was educated at Canford School and Emmanuel College, Cambridge University, and received a Diploma in Education from Westminster College, Oxford. After a career in teaching English in Oxford and Jersey, he founded the Jersey School of English in 1991. He is married with five children. He founded the Jersey Pedestrians Association following an accident suffered by his son in St Helier in 1994.

## Political career

Crowcroft was first elected to the States of Jersey as a Deputy of St Helier in 1996 as a representative of St Helier District No. 2 constituency. In December 2001, he successfully stood for election as Connétable of St Helier, defeating incumbent Bob Le Brocq. He was re-elected unopposed in December 2004. In January 2008, he defeated Jersey Democratic Alliance candidate, Alvin Aaron. He was again re-elected unopposed in 2011.

Crowcroft supported the creation of the *Millennium Town Park* in St Helier, which was opened in 2011.

In 2012 Crowcroft completed the signing of a twinning agreement with the Mayor of Funchal, Dr Miguel Albuquerque. St Helier and Madeira have close ties due to a significant number of Madeirans living in Jersey.

### Parish rates

In March 2013, Crowcroft stated that the States of Jersey should pay parish rates on the properties it owns, and that "they would probably be more efficient in their use of property" if they were paying annual rates in the same way as others do. The Treasury Minister, Senator Philip Ozouf, said that the rates payment could be around £1.6m and that there was no provision for it in the budget.

In Jersey, parish rates are normally paid annually by owners or occupiers of land, structures and buildings. These payments are used to pay for each parish's general expenses.

## InfoBox

| ConnétableSimon Crowcroft | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Connétable of Saint Helier | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
14 December 2001 | |
| Preceded by | Bob Le Brocq |
| Deputy for Saint Helier (No. 2) | |
| **In office**
12 December 1996  14 December 2001 | |
| Associate Member of the British-Irish Parliamentary Assembly | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Independent |
| Spouse | Angela Crowcroft |
| Children | Five |
| Residence(s) | St Helier, Jersey |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Website | Crowcoft States Assembly |
|  | |


title: Ždrelo

abstract: Ždrelo is a village situated in Petrovac na Mlavi municipality in Serbia.

text:
# Ždrelo

**Ždrelo** is a village situated in Petrovac na Mlavi municipality in Serbia.

44°17′53″N 21°30′25″E / 44.29806°N 21.50694°E / 44.29806; 21.50694

## InfoBox

| Ždrelo Ждрело | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
|  | |
| Ždrelo | |
| Coordinates: 44°17′53″N 21°30′25″E / 44.29806°N 21.50694°E / 44.29806; 21.50694 | |
| Country | Serbia |
| District | Braničevo District |
| Municipality | Petrovac na Mlavi |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Donard Hospital F.C.

abstract: Donard Hospital Football Club was a Northern Irish that played in the Northern Amateur Football League. The club was formed in 1989 by an amalgamation of St Donard's and Ulster Hospital. St Donard's was founded in connection with St Donard's Parish Church in Bloomfield, Belfast, in 1964 and played in the Irish Churches' League until 1981, during which time it reached the County Antrim Junior Shield final in 1969–70. From 1981 to 1989 the club played in the Amateur League. Ulster Hospital, founded in 1974, was connected to the hospital of the same name in Dundonald, and joined the Amateur League in the year of its foundation. The amalgamated club achieved intermediate status in 1990. The club played at the Billy Neill Playing Fields, Dundonald. It folded in 2016.

text:
# Donard Hospital F.C.

**Donard Hospital Football Club** was a Northern Irish that played in the Northern Amateur Football League. The club was formed in 1989 by an amalgamation of **St Donard's** and **Ulster Hospital**. St Donard's was founded in connection with St Donard's Parish (Church of Ireland) Church in Bloomfield, Belfast, in 1964 and played in the Irish Churches' League until 1981, during which time it reached the County Antrim Junior Shield final in 1969–70. From 1981 to 1989 the club played in the Amateur League. Ulster Hospital, founded in 1974, was connected to the hospital of the same name in Dundonald, and joined the Amateur League in the year of its foundation. The amalgamated club achieved intermediate status in 1990. The club played at the Billy Neill Playing Fields, Dundonald. It folded in 2016.

* nifootball.co.uk \- (For fixtures, results and tables of all Northern Ireland amateur football leagues)

H. Johnstone & G. Hamilton (n.d.) *A Memorable Milestone: 75 Years of the Northern Amateur Football League*, p. 189

## InfoBox

Donard Hospital
| Full name | Donard Hospital Football Club |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1989 |
| Dissolved | 2016 |
| Ground | Billy Neill Complex, Comber Road |
| League | Northern Amateur Football League |


title: The Antitrust Paradox

abstract: The Antitrust Paradox is an influential 1978 book by Robert Bork that criticized the state of United States antitrust law in the 1970s. A second edition, updated to reflect substantial changes in the law, was published in 1993. Bork has credited Aaron Director as well as other economists from the University of Chicago as influences. Bork argues that the original intent of antitrust laws as well as economic efficiency makes consumer welfare and the protection of competition, rather than competitors, the only goals of antitrust law. Thus, while it was appropriate to prohibit cartels that fix prices and divide markets and mergers that create monopolies, practices that are allegedly exclusionary, such as vertical agreements and price discrimination, did not harm consumers and so should not be prohibited. The paradox of antitrust enforcement was that legal intervention artificially raised prices by protecting inefficient enterprises from competition. The book has been cited by over a hundred courts. From 1977 to 2007, the Supreme Court of the United States repeatedly adopted views stated in The Antitrust Paradox in such cases as Continental Television, Inc. v. GTE Sylvania, Inc., 433 U.S. 36 (1977), Broadcast Music, Inc. v. CBS, Inc., NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, Spectrum Sports, Inc. v. McQuillan, State Oil Co. v. Khan, Verizon v. Trinko, and Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc., legalizing many practices previously prohibited. The Antitrust Paradox has shaped antitrust law in several ways, prominently by focusing the discipline on efficiency and articulating its goal as "consumer welfare". Many lawyers and economists, however, have pointed out that Bork was wrong in his analysis of the legislative intent of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 and have criticized him for incorrect economic assumptions and analytical errors. One of the key criticisms focuses on Bork's use of the term "consumer welfare", which became the stated goal of American antitrust law. Bork argues that Congress enacted the Sherman Act as a "consumer welfare prescription". The Supreme Court embraced this view in Reiter v. Sonotone Corp., 442 U.S. 330 (1979) and in all subsequent decisions. Many scholars, however, have shown that Congress had several motives for the adoption of the Sherman Act, probably none of which was "consumer welfare". Moreover, Bork's use of the term "consumer welfare" was inconsistent with its use by economists. When the Supreme Court adopted the view that Congress enacted the Sherman Act as a "consumer welfare prescription", it did not define the meaning of the term, which has remained ambiguous. The book's title is referenced in Amazon's Antitrust Paradox, a popular paper by Lina Khan who became Chair of the Federal Trade Commission. Her paper seeks to reframe and strengthen antitrust law.

text:
# The Antitrust Paradox

***The Antitrust Paradox*** is an influential 1978 book by Robert Bork that criticized the state of United States antitrust law in the 1970s. A second edition, updated to reflect substantial changes in the law, was published in 1993. Bork has credited Aaron Director as well as other economists from the University of Chicago as influences.

Bork argues that the original intent of antitrust laws as well as economic efficiency makes consumer welfare and the protection of competition, rather than competitors, the only goals of antitrust law. Thus, while it was appropriate to prohibit cartels that fix prices and divide markets and mergers that create monopolies, practices that are allegedly exclusionary, such as vertical agreements and price discrimination, did not harm consumers and so should not be prohibited. The paradox of antitrust enforcement was that legal intervention artificially raised prices by protecting inefficient enterprises from competition.

The book has been cited by over a hundred courts. From 1977 to 2007, the Supreme Court of the United States repeatedly adopted views stated in *The Antitrust Paradox* in such cases as *Continental Television, Inc. v. GTE Sylvania, Inc.*, 433 U.S. 36 (1977), *Broadcast Music, Inc. v. CBS, Inc.*, *NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma*, *Spectrum Sports, Inc. v. McQuillan*, *State Oil Co. v. Khan*, *Verizon v. Trinko*, and *Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc.*, legalizing many practices previously prohibited.

*The Antitrust Paradox* has shaped antitrust law in several ways, prominently by focusing the discipline on efficiency and articulating its goal as "consumer welfare". Many lawyers and economists, however, have pointed out that Bork was wrong in his analysis of the legislative intent of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 and have criticized him for incorrect economic assumptions and analytical errors. One of the key criticisms focuses on Bork's use of the term "consumer welfare", which became the stated goal of American antitrust law.

Bork argues that Congress enacted the Sherman Act as a "consumer welfare prescription". The Supreme Court embraced this view in *Reiter v. Sonotone Corp.*, 442 U.S. 330 (1979) and in all subsequent decisions. Many scholars, however, have shown that Congress had several motives for the adoption of the Sherman Act, probably none of which was "consumer welfare". Moreover, Bork's use of the term "consumer welfare" was inconsistent with its use by economists. When the Supreme Court adopted the view that Congress enacted the Sherman Act as a "consumer welfare prescription", it did not define the meaning of the term, which has remained ambiguous.

The book's title is referenced in *Amazon's Antitrust Paradox*, a popular paper by Lina Khan who became Chair of the Federal Trade Commission. Her paper seeks to reframe and strengthen antitrust law.

## Publication history

* Bork, Robert H. (1978). *The Antitrust Paradox*. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-465-00369-9.
* Bork, Robert H. (1993). *The Antitrust Paradox* (second edition). New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-02-904456-1.


title: Seann Scott

abstract: Seann Scott is a rock/metal drummer who has played in various bands, and continues to be active in multiple current acts.

text:
# Seann Scott

**Seann Scott** is a rock/metal drummer who has played in various bands, and continues to be active in multiple current acts.

## Music career

Scott moved from Albuquerque, New Mexico to San Diego, California in the late 1980s and played in several local bands before moving to Los Angeles in the early 1990s. Following several more Hollywood bands the first to commercially release a CD was the metal band Mother Mercy. Scott created his own record company "*SS Records*" based in Oceanside, California and financed the production of the band's first CD "*Love at First Bite*". Followed later by Mother Mercy's 2nd CD "*Dancing with the Devil*" which was not mass-produced initially, but was eventually re-mastered, with some track changes, and released by Perris Records. Scott and the band Mother Mercy also contributed the track "*Girls, Girls, Girls*" on the Mötley Crüe tribute CD "*Kickstart my Heart*" with portions of the proceeds to the **Skylar Neil Memorial Foundation** for Cancer Research.

Eventually Scott parted ways with Mother Mercy and joined "*Suicide Alley*", as one of the original members, but he separated from that band before they recorded their CD on Delinquent Records. He then played in the Hollywood glam metal band "*Revlon Red*" from 2001 to 2011, releasing two recordings in that time period. Around the same time Scott joined the Los Angeles-based metal band Hellion (which had achieved some fame in the late 80's including several videos on MTV) releasing one recording on Massacre Records in 2003. It was announced in 2013 that Hellion will be recording with a new lineup.

Scott then joined the Orange County based Indie/Punk band "*Kill Your Generation*" in 2008 which continues to be active in Orange County, CA, and the Hollywood industrial metal band "*De-Tached*" in 2013, which disbanded in 2019.

Following the close interest in Mötley Crüe, Scott played the part of Tommy Lee in a Mötley Crüe tribute band called "*Children of the Beast*" from 2004 to 2006. Which included Vince Neil's son Neil Wharton as a guest vocalist. Scott later joined another Mötley Crüe tribute band called "*Motley 2*" in 2016 touring the United States and Canada. He left the band in September 2021.

Scott cites Kiss, Judas Priest, Rob Zombie, Metallica, and Mötley Crüe (specifically Tommy Lee) as his musical influences.

## Acting career

Scott's most notable television appearance was in the nationally televised NetZero "*Candidate Zero*" series of commercials starring Rob Heubel aired during the 2004 United States Presidential campaign. He appeared in two of the commercials in the series along with two other members of his band "*Revlon Red*". The band also filmed a series of commercials for VH-1 that were not broadcast, but footage from the filming was used for the MythBusters episode "*Driving in Heels*". In the scene the band is portrayed as having "trashed" a hotel room, and gluing items to the walls and ceiling. Scott is shown lifting a TV over his head and smashing it on the ground.

He also acted in the pilot program for the Columbia/Universal TV show entitled "*Dear Doughboy*", created by Hopwood Depree and directed by Penelope Spheeris which was billed as a reality/mockumentary for the WB network.

## Personal life

Seann Scott was rumoured to have dated Emi Canyn (who later married Mick Mars of Mötley Crüe). He later dated *The Iron Maidens* bass player Wanda Ortiz for many years starting in early 1996. They separated in late 2008.

## Associated acts

* *Mother Mercy*
* *Suicide Alley*
* *Reactor*
* *Tracer*
* *Children of the Beast*Mötley Crüe tribute (2004–2006)
* *Revlon Red* (2001–2011)
*Revlon Dead*, the Halloween variation of Revlon Red.
* *Hellion* (2002–2013)
* *De-Tached* (2013–2019)
* *Motley 2*Mötley Crüe tribute (2016–2021)
* *Kill Your Generation* (2008–present)

## Discography

Mother Mercy * *Love at First Bite* (1997) SS Records
* *Dancing with the Devil* (2001) SS Records
* *Dancing with the Devil* (reissue, 2003) Perris Records

Suicide Alley * *Nothing To Lose* Cassette single (1997, Delinquent Records)

Hellion Revlon Red * *Our Bubbleglam Era* (2006)
* *The Singles EP* (2009)

Revlon Dead * *Glampyre Blood Zombies – Live Undead EP* (2009)

Kill Your Generation * *Take Your Time* (2013)

De-Tached (as AKA- Phate) * *Fates Reflections* (2015)
* *Void of Silence* (2016)

### Compilations

* *Indie-pendence Day C3* (1997, Delinquent Records)
    + Single track – *Nothing to Lose* by Suicide Alley
* *Kickstart My Heart – A Tribute to Mötley Crüe* (1999, Pulse Records)
    + Single track – *Girls, Girls, Girls* by Mother Mercy
* *Hollywood Hairspray Vol. 2* (2003, Perris Records)
    + Single track – *Rock City Boys* by Mother Mercy
* *Lost Anarchy Volume 1: BUY OR DIE!* (2005, Demons in Exile Records)
    + Single track – *Hollywood* by Revlon Red

## Filmography

* *Dear Doughboy* pilot (2000)
* *NetZero Election Night* commercial (2004)
* *NetZero Names* commercial (2004)
* *MythBusters Driving in Heels* episode – part of band trashing a motel room.

## InfoBox

| Seann Scott | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | Phate |
| Origin | Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S. |
| Genres | Hard rock, heavy metal, glam metal, indie rock, industrial metal |
| Occupation | Drummer |
| Instrument(s) | Drums, vocals, |
| Years active | 1996–present |


title: Residential gateway

abstract: A residential gateway is a small consumer-grade gateway which bridges network access between connected local area network (LAN) hosts to a wide area network (WAN) via a modem, or directly connects to a WAN, while routing. The WAN is a larger computer network, generally operated by an Internet service provider.

text:
# Residential gateway

A **residential gateway** is a small consumer-grade gateway which bridges network access between connected local area network (LAN) hosts to a wide area network (WAN) (such as the Internet) via a modem, or directly connects to a WAN (as in EttH), while routing. The WAN is a larger computer network, generally operated by an Internet service provider.

## History

The term residential gateway was popularized by Clifford Holliday in 1997 through his paper entitled "The residential gateway"..

## Devices

Multiple devices have been described as *residential gateways*:

A modem (e.g. DSL modem, cable modem) by itself provides none of the functions of a router. It merely allows ATM or PPP or PPPoE traffic to be transmitted across telephone lines, cable wires, optical fibers, wireless radio frequencies, or other physical layers. On the receiving end is another modem that re-converts the transmission format back into digital data packets. This allows network bridging using telephone, cable, optical, and radio connection methods. The modem also provides handshake protocols, so that the devices on each end of the connection are able to recognize each other. However, a modem generally provides few other network functions.

* A USB modem plugs into a single PC and allows a connection of that single PC to a WAN. If properly configured, the PC can also function as the router for a home LAN.
* An internal modem can be installed on a single PC (e.g. on a PCI card), also allowing that single PC to connect to a WAN. Again, the PC can be configured to function as a router for a home LAN.

A cellular wireless access point can function in a similar fashion to a modem. It can allow a direct connection from a home LAN to a WWAN, if a wireless router or access point is present on the WAN as well and tethering is allowed.

Many modems now incorporate the features mentioned below and thus are appropriately described as residential gateways, such as some Internet providers which offer a cable modem router combo.

## Features

A residential gateway usually provides

It may also provide other functions such as Dynamic DNS, and converged triple play services such as TV and telephony.

Most gateways are self-contained components, using internally stored firmware. They are generally platform-independent, i.e., they can serve any operating system.

Wireless routers perform the same functions as a wired router and base station, but allow connectivity for wireless devices with the LAN, or as a bridge between the wireless router and another wireless router for a meshnet (the wireless router-wireless router connection can be within the LAN or can be between the LAN and WWAN).

## Security

Low-cost production and requirement for user friendliness make gateways vulnerable to network attacks, which resulted in large clusters of such devices being taken over and used to launch DDoS attacks. A majority of the vulnerabilities were present in the web administration frontends of the routers, allowing unauthorized control either via default passwords, vendor backdoors, or web vulnerabilities.


title: Serranobatrachus carmelitae

abstract:
Serranobatrachus carmelitae, also known as Carmelita's robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the north-western slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, in northern Colombia.
Its natural habitats are tropical riparian forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# Serranobatrachus carmelitae

***Serranobatrachus carmelitae***, also known as **Carmelita's robber frog**, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the north-western slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, in northern Colombia. Its natural habitats are tropical riparian forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| *Serranobatrachus carmelitae* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Strabomantidae |
| Genus: | *Serranobatrachus* |
| Species: | ***S. carmelitae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Serranobatrachus carmelitae***
(Ruthven, 1922) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eleutherodactylus carmelitae* Ruthven, 1922 * *Pristimantis carmelitae* (Ruthven, 1922) | |


title: 1772 in Canada

abstract: Events from the year 1772 in Canada.

text:
# 1772 in Canada

Events from the year **1772 in Canada**.

## Incumbents

### Governors

## Events

## Births

## Deaths

## Historical documents

Solicitor General suggests rules affecting government, religion (including Jesuits), property and justice, as well as agreements under French regime

With no Quebec "plan of laws" submitted, former attorney general Francis Maseres says "every thing relating to that province seems to be in suspense"

Nearly 60 Quebec City "subscribers" agree to weigh Portugal gold coins received and deduct uniform amount from value of any that have been debased

Dangerous fire spreading from Quebec City seminary is stopped by effectiveness of garrison soldiers, well-supplied "engines" and alert citizens

Soldier of 52nd Regiment warns public not to accommodate his wife, "Eloped\[...\]and, as I am inform'd, is living with\[...\]a Soldier in the 60th Regiment"

Musician Guillaume de Vaut-Court of Paris, performing in Upper-Town, retails his compositions of "Simple Counter-point" and music for concerts to hire

Liverpool couple Deborah Cuffy, "negro free woman," and Irishman John Carroll told by magistrates to "take each other in our presence, which they did"

Notice that Black woman named "Thursday" is missing in Halifax, where "her Master" John Rock offers $2 reward plus costs for her return

Quebecker will teach "Small Sword, Cut & Thrust, after the best completest manner," as well as French and "Dancing after the newest and best Mode"

Because of limited transportation in region of Campobello and Passamaquoddy, justices of the peace to hold semi-annual general sessions court there

Molyneux Shuldham governor of Newfoundland and Labrador from Hudson Strait to St.-Jean River near Anticosti Island, plus it and Magdalen Islands

Inuit in London stunned at first, but "admiration increased in proportion" to their understanding of "the use, beauty, and mechanism of what they saw"

"Tumbling over each other in glorious confusion" - George Cartwright plays games with Inuit in Labrador, including threading-the-needle and leapfrog

William Johnson satisfies Mississaugas after they complain about "David Ramsey, an Indian trader," who killed several of their people near Niagara

Detroit commandant Philip Dejean praised for "unwearied endeavours" to bring confessed killer of merchant at Detroit to face justice in Quebec City

"Indian Leaders" retain respect of both Hudson's Bay Company and Indigenous people with displays of influence and bouts of intensive begging

"She built the hut in which we found her" - Resourceful Dogrib woman survives alone for months after escaping Athabascans (Note: "savages" used)

"Had the vanity to think that I could have kept pace" - Snowshoe speedster Samuel Hearne is no match for swiftness of bison running in deep snow

Royal Society member notes Hudson Bay sturgeon, burbot, "gwiniad" (called "tickomeg" locally) "and a new fish called the Sucker at Hudson's Bay"

"New voyage which is intended to be made to the South Seas" is expected to throw new light on discovery of Northwest Passage

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Decades: |  |
| See also: |  |


title: The Outside Project

abstract: The Outside Project is an LGBTQ+ shelter and community centre in London, UK.

text:
# The Outside Project

**The Outside Project** is an LGBTQ+ shelter and community centre in London, UK.

## History

The Outside Project is the UK's first LGBTIQ+ Shelter, Centre and Domestic Abuse Refuge. The organisation was launched as a pilot scheme in 2017 to provide emergency crisis winter housing for homeless LGBTIQ+ people. The campaign was led by LGBTIQ+ people with lived experience of homelessness in London, who continue to lead the organisation today. The project received funding from the Greater London Authority in 2018 and reopened as a year-round Shelter and LGBTIQ+ Centre in the former Clerkenwell Fire Station.

The Outside Project shelter remained open at Clerkenwell Fire Station throughout the COVID pandemic, becoming a 24-hour service. The Outside Project opened additional services in response to COVID: STAR Refuge Domestic Abuse Refuge, The London LGBTIQ+ Mutual Aid Group and the COVID Emergency Hotel (2020–2023).

Following the move from Clerkenwell Fire Station in April 2021, The Outside Project LGBTIQ+ Centre reopened in their permanent site on Lant Street, Southwark, London in June 2021. The LGBTIQ+ Centre provides professional housing advocacy, domestic abuse access point, needle exchange, sexual health drop-in and a range of social, support and creative groups. The LGBTIQ+ Centre also functions as an office or meeting space for several other LGBTIQ+ and homelessness grassroots organisations. In 2022 The Outside Project were commissioned for 3 years to provide a specialist LGBTIQ+ Outreach Service in Westminster.


title: Second College Grant, New Hampshire

abstract: Second College Grant is a township in Coös County, New Hampshire, United States. The area of this township is owned and controlled by Dartmouth College. As of the 2020 census, the grant had a population of one. In New Hampshire, locations, grants, purchases, and townships are unincorporated portions of a county which are not part of any town and have limited self-government. Trails and cabins are available for use by the Dartmouth community, and are maintained by the Dartmouth Outing Club and Dartmouth's Outdoor Programs Office. The DOC maintains three cabins available for rent by DOC members, and the OPO maintains seven cabins for use by Dartmouth-affiliated individuals and their guests. Many freshmen spend a few days in the grant as part of their freshmen trips just before freshman orientation. The grant is also used for timber production, but forest-friendly, sustainable practices are employed.

text:
# Second College Grant, New Hampshire

**Second College Grant** (also known as the **Dartmouth College Grant**) is a township in Coös County, New Hampshire, United States. The area of this township is owned and controlled by Dartmouth College. As of the 2020 census, the grant had a population of one.

In New Hampshire, locations, grants, purchases, and townships (which are different from towns) are unincorporated portions of a county which are not part of any town and have limited self-government (if any, as many are uninhabited).

Trails and cabins are available for use by the Dartmouth community, and are maintained by the Dartmouth Outing Club and Dartmouth's Outdoor Programs Office. The DOC maintains three cabins available for rent by DOC members (Peaks, Alder Brook, and Stoddard), and the OPO maintains seven cabins for use by Dartmouth-affiliated individuals and their guests. Many freshmen spend a few days in the grant as part of their freshmen trips just before freshman orientation. The grant is also used for timber production, but forest-friendly, sustainable practices are employed.

## Geography

The grant is bounded by the Maine border to the east, Atkinson and Gilmanton Academy Grant to the north, Dix's Grant to the west, and Wentworth Location to the south. One of the other contemporaneous "Dartmouth" grants was to the north of Dixville but was annexed as the eastern end of Clarksville.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the grant has a total area of 41.9 square miles (108.4 km2), of which 41.4 square miles (107.1 km2) are land and 0.5 square miles (1.3 km2), or 1.21%, are water. The highest point is a 2,840-foot (870 m) knoll just west of Mount Tucker.

Two rivers, the Dead Diamond and the Swift Diamond, flow through and join together in the Second College Grant. The Dead Diamond then flows into the Magalloway River in the southeastern corner of the grant. The entire grant is part of the Androscoggin River watershed.

### Adjacent municipalities

## History

In 1766, New Hampshire Governor John Wentworth promised Eleazar Wheelock a grant of a township on which to build Dartmouth College. In 1770, a month after Wheelock received the royal charter, the governor granted the college the township of Landaff (east of present-day Woodsville, New Hampshire), but Wheelock, after viewing the land and others under consideration, decided to establish the college in Hanover. After the American Revolution the college lost its claim to Landaff in 1791, because of the grant's royal derivation and rival claims by American settlers in Landaff.

While the Landaff case underwent litigation to resolve the rival claims, Vermont (then meeting in Norwich) came to the aid of the college and granted it the township of Wheelock (northwest of St. Johnsbury) in 1785. The college divided the town into 100-acre (0.40 km2) lots and leased these to settlers. Over the years the college has sold most of the lots to meet financial needs but still holds title to some properties in the town.

In 1789, New Hampshire, anticipating the college's loss of the Landaff Grant, made good on its original promise of a grant with the town of Clarksville (in northern New Hampshire). This is considered the First College Grant, as it was intended to replace the loss of the original Landaff Grant. The college sold most of this land in the first two years, and had sold off the rest by 1872.

The sale of the Clarksville Grant properties proved to be inadequate, and the college petitioned the state for an additional grant in 1792. Several proposals were made in the legislature, but it wasn't until 1807 that the state responded with the Second College Grant. The lands of the Second College Grant proved to be unattractive to settlers, but sale of timber provided a small but steady income to the college over the next century and a half.

In 1947, Robert S. Monahan was hired as College Forester to oversee the College Grant, and since that time the multiple use philosophy of forest management has been formalized. As a result, the recreational and education concepts have become a prominent part of the grant's management, with untold opportunities for use by the Dartmouth community.

In 1970, Monahan retired, and cutting operations were suspended while a committee, named by the Trustees of the College in 1968 in anticipation of Monahan's retirement, evaluated the existing policies. The Prentiss & Carlisle Company of Bangor, Maine, subsequently prepared a management plan which was transmitted to the college by the committee in early January 1970. This was adopted and referred to as the 10-20 Year Plan, with provisions for an annual sustained yield cut of approximately 4,000 cords per year for the following twenty years. The Seven Islands Land Company of Bangor was retained by the college to oversee forestry management and to implement the Prentiss & Carlisle plan.

It was at this same time that Al Merrill was named Director of Outdoor Affairs and given responsibility for recreational and educational use of the Second College Grant along with oversight of the Moosilauke Ravine Lodge and the Dartmouth Outing Club.

In 1976 evidence of an increase in the spruce budworm had already reached epidemic proportions in Maine and Canada. In response to this blight, the College imposed a two-year moratorium on logging while a plan was developed. In 1978 the College implemented a salvage operation designed to remove the dead fir while saving as much spruce and hardwood as possible. The salvage operation lasted until 1986, at which time the remaining standing dead fir had decayed beyond use.

Once again the harvesting activity was halted while the College took stock of its forest resources and considered its future management options. Seven Islands Land Company conducted a timber cruise survey and used the growth and inventory data to prepare a new 10-20 year management plan. A consensus was reached that the college would be better served by having its own forester. A decision was then made to release Seven Islands Land company of its forest management responsibilities on the College Grant and to once again employ a College Forester, Edward Witt.

After carefully analyzing the data prepared by Seven Islands, Witt decided that the annual growth rate of the forest would allow for a sustainable annual cut of 6,000 cords. The forest plan was modified to allow harvesting as much as 10,000 cords for ten years in an effort to remove the poorer quality trees and improve the overall quality of the forest. This would be followed by several years of cutting lesser volumes but higher quality trees. Further, because the forest is managed for the benefit of wildlife, cutting operations were modified to reflect that policy. Since 1987, the forest has been managed accordingly, with the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department actively involved in the location, design, and methodology of the harvesting activity.

In 2019, Hell Gate Gorge cabin, built in 1974, burned down due to a chimney fire. Former Democratic candidate for New Hampshire governor, Colin Van Ostern, was staying in the cabin with several other guests during the incident.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1870 | 11 |  |  |
| 1880 | 18 |  | 63.6% |
| 1890 | 13 |  | −27.8% |
| 1930 | 17 |  |  |
| 1940 | 0 |  | −100.0% |
| 1950 | 0 |  |  |
| 1960 | 6 |  |  |
| 1970 | 0 |  | −100.0% |
| 1980 | 2 |  |  |
| 1990 | 0 |  | −100.0% |
| 2000 | 0 |  |  |
| 2010 | 0 |  |  |
| 2020 | 1 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the 2020 census, there was one person recorded living in the grant. In 1930, there were 17 people living in the grant; the population has been less than 10 since then and zero for the three censuses prior to 2020.

## InfoBox

| Second College Grant, New Hampshire | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
| A view of Second College Grant from the Diamond Peaks Trail | |
| Location in Coös County, New Hampshire | |
| Coordinates: 44°54′50″N 71°6′19″W / 44.91389°N 71.10528°W / 44.91389; -71.10528 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Hampshire |
| County | Coös |
| Area | |
| Total | 41.9 sq mi (108.4 km2) |
| Land | 41.4 sq mi (107.1 km2) |
| Water | 0.5 sq mi (1.3 km2)  1.21% |
| Elevation | 1,820 ft (550 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 1 |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (Eastern) |
| Area code | 603 |
| FIPS code | 33-007-68500 |
| GNIS feature ID | 871136 |