title: Pink Floyd bootleg recordings

abstract: Pink Floyd bootleg recordings are the collections of audio and video recordings of musical performances by the British rock band Pink Floyd, which were never officially released by the band. The recordings consist of both live performances and outtakes from studio sessions unavailable in official releases. In some cases, certain bootleg recordings may be highly prized among collectors, as at least 40 songs composed by Pink Floyd have never been officially released. During the 1970s, bands such as Pink Floyd created a lucrative market for the mass production of unofficial recordings with large followings of fans willing to purchase them. In addition, the huge crowds that turned up to these concerts made the effective policing of the audience for the presence of recording equipment virtually impossible. Vast numbers of recordings were issued for profit by bootleg labels. Some Pink Floyd bootlegs exist in several variations with differing sound quality and length because sometimes listeners have recorded different versions of the same performance at the same time. Pink Floyd was a group that protected its sonic performance, making recording with amateur recording devices difficult. In their career, Pink Floyd played over 1,300 concerts, of which more than 350 were released as bootlegged recordings. Few concerts have ever been broadcast, especially during 'the golden age' of the group from 1966 to 1981. Pink Floyd was one of the mainstays of the bootleg industry in the 1970s. In 1999, the group was mentioned on BPI's list of most bootlegged British artists of all time. One of the best known ROIO's by Pink Floyd is Best of Tour '72: Live at the Rainbow Theatre with a concert performed on 20 February 1972. This bootleg includes one of the first performances of The Dark Side of the Moon. One year and one month before the official release of that same album, the bootleg had already sold over 120,000 copies. In 2008, the Pink Floyd bootleg Madison Square Garden, New York, NY – 2 July 1977 was mentioned on the Yahoo's Top 10 of Best Bootlegs of All Time.

text:
# Pink Floyd bootleg recordings

**Pink Floyd bootleg recordings** are the collections of audio and video recordings of musical performances by the British rock band Pink Floyd, which were never officially released by the band. The recordings consist of both live performances and outtakes from studio sessions unavailable in official releases. In some cases, certain bootleg recordings may be highly prized among collectors, as at least 40 songs composed by Pink Floyd have never been officially released.

During the 1970s, bands such as Pink Floyd created a lucrative market for the mass production of unofficial recordings with large followings of fans willing to purchase them. In addition, the huge crowds that turned up to these concerts made the effective policing of the audience for the presence of recording equipment virtually impossible. Vast numbers of recordings were issued for profit by bootleg labels.

Some Pink Floyd bootlegs exist in several variations with differing sound quality and length because sometimes listeners have recorded different versions of the same performance at the same time. Pink Floyd was a group that protected its sonic performance, making recording with amateur recording devices difficult. In their career, Pink Floyd played over 1,300 concerts, of which more than 350 were released as bootlegged recordings (sometimes in various versions). Few concerts have ever been broadcast (or repeated once they were broadcast on television), especially during 'the golden age' of the group from 1966 to 1981.

Pink Floyd was one of the mainstays of the bootleg industry in the 1970s. In 1999, the group was mentioned on BPI's list of most bootlegged British artists of all time.

One of the best known ROIO's by Pink Floyd is *Best of Tour '72: Live at the Rainbow Theatre* with a concert performed on 20 February 1972. This bootleg includes one of the first performances of *The Dark Side of the Moon*. One year and one month before the official release of that same album, the bootleg had already sold over 120,000 copies.

In 2008, the Pink Floyd bootleg *Madison Square Garden, New York, NY – 2 July 1977* was mentioned on the Yahoo's *Top 10 of Best Bootlegs of All Time*.

## Earliest bootlegs

Most of Pink Floyd's early bootlegs concern performances from the European A Saucerful of Secrets Tour and the A Saucerful of Secrets US Tour. Most of these bootlegs were released by the label "Ace Bootlegs Production".

| Bootleg title | Recording details | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| BBC Archives 1967–1969 | BBC Television Centre, London, UK, 14 May 1967 | Television performance. The Pink Floyd appeared on BBC One's "Look of the Week", hosted by Hans Keller. The performance consisted of a truncated version of "Pow R. Toc H." as well as "Astronomy Domine". Syd Barrett and Roger Waters were then interviewed by show host Hans Keller, who memorably asked the band why their music had to be so loud, finding it unbearable. The performance and interview have been repeated on BBC since, and consequently circulate on both audio and video bootlegs. It is one of the few pieces of professionally filmed footage from the Barrett-led era that has survived. |
| Golden Circle | Gyllene Cirkeln, Stockholm, Sweden, 10 September 1967 | This bootleg is considered as the only complete recording of a 1967 concert by Pink Floyd. It includes the show's soundcheck and the 50-minute concert (played at a Swedish restaurant and jazz club called Gyllene Cirkeln a.k.a. Golden Circle). The recording was done by the Swedish sound engineer Anders Lind on his Revox machine. The setlist included "Introduction", "Reaction in G", "Matilda Mother", "Pow R. Toc H.", "Scream Thy Last Scream", "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun", "See Emily Play" and "Interstellar Overdrive". Despite the overall quality being very good for the time, the vocals are almost impossible to hear (An indication as to the poor quality of P.A equipment then). This concert was officially released in 2016 on *The Early Years 1965–1972*. |
| Feed Your Head | Star Club, Copenhagen, Denmark, 13 September 1967 | Audience recording. Also released as "Wonderful, Wonderful Kopenhagen" and "Starclub Psycho". Setlist consists of "Reaction in G", "Arnold Layne", "One in a Million", "Matilda Mother", and "Scream Thy Last Scream". |
| Playhouse Theatre | The Playhouse Theatre, London, UK, 25 September 1967 | Also released as "Hippy Happy Fair". This is a recording made for the BBC Radio series "Top Gear". The circulating track list consists of "The Scarecrow", "The Gnome", "Matilda Mother", "Flaming", "Set the Controls For The Heart Of The Sun", and an incomplete recording of "Reaction in G". Officially released on *The Early Years 1965–1972*. |
| The Live Pink Floyd – Oude Ahoy Hallen | Rotterdam, Netherlands, 13 November 1967 | Audience recording. Setlist consists of "Reaction in G", "Pow R. Toc H.", "Scream Thy Last Scream", and "Interstellar Overdrive". |
| BBC Archives 1967–1969 | Maida Vale Studios, London, United Kingdom, 20 December 1967 | Pink Floyd's second appearance on the BBC Radio show "Top Gear". This was Barrett's last recorded performance with the band. The track list consists of "Vegetable Man", "Scream Thy Last Scream", "Jugband Blues", and "Pow R. Toc H.". Officially released on *The Early Years 1965–1972*. |
| Rome Vpro (Broadcast) | First European International Pop Festival, Piper Club, Rome, Italy, 6 May 1968 |  |
| Paradiso Amsterdam | Club Paradiso, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 23 May 1968 | Audience recording, also released as "Syncopated Pandemonium" |
| Live in Amsterdam – Fantasio Club | Fantasio Club, Amsterdam, Netherlands, second concert on 23 May 1968 |  |
| Shrine Exposition Hall | Shrine Exposition Hall, Los Angeles, 27 July 1968 | Audience recording, includes 15:57 version of "A Saucerful of Secrets" |
| Utrecht '68 | Margriethal Jaarbeurs, Utrecht, Netherlands, 28 December 1968 | Also released as "Owed to Syd Barrett" The track list consists of "Tunings", "Astronomy Domine", "Careful with that Axe, Eugene", "Interstellar Overdrive", "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun" and "A Saucerful of Secrets" |

In January 1996, the label See For Miles Records released the bootleg album "Psychedelic Games for May" which includes a collection of Syd Barrett era Floyd, featuring a pre-Floyd acetate, rough mixes of the early singles plus BBC TV and the unreleased single "Scream Thy Last Scream".

As late as 2004, a bootleg album entitled "Outtakes From Outer Space" emerged from Israel on the dubious-sounding "Hippie Shit Label", featuring a compilation of studio session recordings and outtakes, some mentioned above. The track listing was:

1. Lucy Leave (First Pink Floyd-Studio-Session)
2. I'm a King Bee (First Pink Floyd-Studio-Session)
3. Interstellar Overdrive (Studio-Session, 31 October 1966)
4. Astronomy Domine (Live in London, 12 May 1967)
5. Experiment (Studio outtakes 1967)
6. Flaming (BBC-Session, 30 September 1967)
7. The Gnome (BBC-Session, 30 September 1967)
8. Matilda Mother (BBC-Session, 30 September 1967)
9. The Scarecrow (BBC-Session, 30 September 1967)
10. Vegetable Man (BBC-Session, 19 December 1967)
11. Pow R. Toc H. (BBC-Session, 19 December 1967)
12. Scream Thy Last Scream (BBC-Session, 19 December 1967)
13. Jugband Blues (BBC-Session, 19 December 1967)
14. Silas Lane (Studio outtakes 1967)
15. Flaming (Single version, available only on USA Tower label)
16. Reaction in G (Live in Rotterdam 12 October 1967)
17. Milky Way (Studio outtake)

## 1969

| Bootleg title | Recording details | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Sound Resounds Around | St. James Hall, Chesterfield, United Kingdom, 27 March 1969 | soundboard recording including a 16 minutes version of "Interstellar Overdrive" and a 19:13 version of "A Saucerful of Secrets" |
| The Massed Gadget of Auximenes | Royal Festival Hall, London, 14 April 1969 | audience recording with a performance of "The Man and The Journey" |
| Beset by the Creatures of the Deep | University of Southampton, England, 9 May 1969 |  |
| From the Master Tape | Free Trade Hall, Manchester, England, 22 June 1969 | released by the label Ayanami, also released as "The Labyrinths of Auximenes" |
| A Man and His Lunacy | Royal Albert Hall, London, 26 June 1969 | audience recording |
| Plumpton Race Track | Plumpton Race Track, East Sussex, London, 8 August 1969 | audience recording also released as "The Journey Through the Past", live at 9th National Jazz Pop Ballads & Blues Festival, includes a 20:26 version of "A Saucerful of Secrets" |
| Complete Concertgebouw | Concertgebouw, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 17 September 1969 | soundboard recording also released as "A Man and the Journey", "Amsterdam 69 (Swingin' Pig Version)" and "Amsterdam 1969 (Harvest)", plans for an official live album release of "The Man and The Journey" were considered, but abandoned due to overlap of material with *Ummagumma*. Officially released in 2016 on *The Early Years 1965-1972*. |
| Essener Pop Festival | Internationales Essener Pop & Blues Festival, Essen, West Germany, 11 October 1969 | released by the label 'Man of Leisure Music', also released as "Essen" and "Song Days '69" |
| Amougies Pop Festival | Amougies Pop & Jazz Festival, Mont-de-l'Enclus, Belgium, 25 October 1969 | first part of a unique concert in Belgium with Frank Zappa as special guest. The complete concert was released on "Interstellar Zappadrive" by Harvested. The songs "Green Is the Colour", "Careful with That Axe, Eugene" and "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun" are in soundboard quality, but were performed without Frank Zappa. |
| Afan Lido | Port Talbot, Wales, 6 December 1969 | audience recording, released by Man of Leisure Music. |
| Ahcid Atthak! | November–December 1969 | 'Omay Yad'. Also released as 'The Midas Touch' Includes the officially unreleased instrumental "Fingals Cave". |

During the two one-week recording sessions in November and December 1969 of the soundtrack for Michelangelo Antonioni's *Zabriskie Point* at International Recording in Rome, Pink Floyd experienced for the first time a studio leak. Three out-takes appeared on a bootleg album *Omay Yad*, also known under titles as *Oneone*, *Fingal's Cave* and *Rain in the Country*.

With the advent of a 1997 deluxe reissue of the movie soundtrack on a double compact disc, four previously unreleased Pink Floyd out-takes were also revealed. Almost simultaneously, a 15-track bootleg CD of the complete sessions appeared that revealed additional works in progress, among them a track that was long referred to by Pink Floyd as "The Violent Sequence". It was penned by Richard Wright for a riot scene in the movie and although unreleased in any form officially, was incorporated into their live set as an acoustic piano piece in the early part of the year. It was a forerunner to the melody of "Us and Them", which featured on their 1973 album *The Dark Side of the Moon*.

## 1970: Atom Heart Mother tour

| Bootleg title | Recording details | Date | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Biding My Time in Croydon | Fairfield Hall, Croydon, England | 18 January 1970 | contains a 2:20 concert with an early prototype of "Atom Heart Mother" (then called "The Amazing Pudding", 24:34), "The Violent Sequence" (a 15-minute song with the piano sequence of "Us and Them" included), "Main Theme" from *More* (14:02) and "A Saucerful of Secrets" (16:54). The bootleg also contains a track from 22 December 1970, "Alan's Psychedelic Breakfast" (24.46) |
| Elysees Floyd | Théâtre du Rond-Point des Champs-Élysées | 23 January 1970 | a part of this concert was also released as "The Man-Live in Paris", "Paris 23 January 1970" and "Broadcast from Europe" (containing 3 songs from the performance at Palais des Sports in Lyon on 12 June 1971) |
| Project Birmingham | Town Hall, Birmingham, England | 11 February 1970 | audience recording including "The Violence Sequence" (26:31), "Atom Heart Mother" (25:27), a 12 minute version of "The Embryo" and "Sysyphus" (12:09) |
| Six of One | Leeds University, Yorkshire, England | 28 February 1970 | contains 6 tracks of over 10 minutes each with a long performance of "A Saucerful of Secrets" (16:13) |
| A Trick of the Light | Auditorium Maximum, Hamburg University, West Germany | 12 March 1970 | released by label 'World Production of Compact Music' |
| The Injustice of a Kaleidoscope of Sound | Konzertsaal, Technische Universität, West Berlin, West Germany | 13 March 1970 | also released as "Richard, Are You Ready Yet?", this bootleg includes a 15:29 version of "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun" |
| Masters of the Mystic Arts | Meistersingerhalle, Nuremberg, West Germany | 14 March 1970 |  |
| Hannover | Niedersachsenhalle Hanover, West Germany | 15 March 1970 |  |
| Lund | Akademiska Forningens, Lund, Sweden, | 20 March 1970 |  |
| Genuine New York 70 | University of New York, Long Island | 11 April 1970 | released by the labels Monkey Records and Highland (as "Trademark Moo") |
| Port Chester '70 | Port Chester, New York | 22 April 1970 | contains longer versions of "The Embryo" (15:36), "Cymbaline" (16:24) and "Astronomy Domine" (13:06) |
| Interstellar Fillmore | Fillmore West, San Francisco, California | 29 April 1970 | soundboard recording, also released as "Interstellar Encore", "Embryo" and "California Sun"/"California Moon" |
| KQED | KQED TV Studios, San Francisco, California | 30 April 1970 | Broadcast recording, also released as "Colourful Meadows" |
| Fat Old Gig | California, Philadelphia, Birmingham, Sheffield | 29 April, 26 September, 2 February 22 December 1970 | 4 discs bootleg, also partially released as "Electric Factory", "Electric Factory (Harvested version)" and "On Top of the World" |
| Live in Santa Monica | Santa Monica, Civic center, California | 1 May 1970 | audience recording, another bootleg named "Santa Monica Civic Auditorium" contains a registration of the same concert |
| Bath Festival | Bath Festival of Blues & Progressive music, Shepton Mallet, England | 26 June 1970 | released by the label Ayanami |
| Stamping Ground | Kralingen Pop Festival, Netherlands | 28 June 1970 | This bootleg is released by the label Highland and includes a long version of "Interstellar Overdrive" (18:55) |
| The Theme from an Imaginary Western | Soersfestival 3-Day Open Air Festival, Aachen Soerser Stadium, Aachen, West Germany | 12 July 1970 | released by R.D.Productions, also released as "Soersfestival in Aachen/A Heavenly Ride" |
| Phenomena | BBC studios and Paris Cinema, London | 17 July 1970 and 19 September 1970 | released by Manic Depression, 2 discs with BBC Top Gear sessions and 2 BBC concerts. This bootleg is also released under the names "BBC Archives 1970–1971", "Libest Spacement Monitor", "Pink is the Pig" (with a 1969 version of "Point Me at the Sky"), "Mooed Music" and "Eclipse" |
| Free Hyde Park Concert | Blackhills Garden Party, Hyde Park, London | 18 July 1970 | contains only 4 tracks |
| Foreign Legion | Saint-Tropez, France and Palais des Sports, Lyon, France | 8 August 1970 and 12 June 1971 | released by the label Head, audience recording |
| Fête de l'Humanité | Fête de L'Humanité, Bois de Vincennes, Paris, France | 12 September 1970 | audience recording released by the label "Cochon Productions" |
| Fillmore East 27 September 1970 | Fillmore East, New York City | 27 September 1970 |  |
| Sing to Me Cymbaline | Santa Monica Civic Center, California | 23 October 1970 |  |
| Mind Your Throats Please | Concertgebouw, Amsterdam | 6 November 1970 | contains a long version of "Fat Old Sun" (15:06) |
| Remergence | Grote Zaal, De Doelen, Rotterdam, Netherlands | 7 November 1970 |  |
| Pictures of Pink Floyd, Vol. 1 | Gothenburg, Sweden and Stadthalle, Offenbach, West Germany | 11 November 1970 and 26 February 1971 | also released as "The Pictures of Pink Floyd: Restoration Project" and "Command Performance" |
| Copenhagen Sequence | Falkoner Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark | 12 November 1970 | Also released as "70/11/12", contains the track "Libest Spacement Monitor". |
| Denmark Behind Us | Aarhus, Denmark | 13 November 1970 |  |
| Ernst-Merck-Halle | Ernst-Merck-Halle, Hamburg, West Germany | 14 November 1970 | also released as "Grooving with a Pict", includes the track "Moonhead (Corrosion)" (13:28) |
| Smoking Blues | Casino de Montreux, Switzerland | 21 November 1970 | also released as "Montreux Casino 1970", "Reeling on Pink Floyd" and "The Good ... The Bad", "Too Late for Mind Expanding", soundboard recording including "Just Another Twelve Bar". One song from this concert, "Atom Heart Mother", was officially released on *The Early Years 1965-1972*. |
| Mounting Pressure | Friedrich-Ebert-Halle, Ebertpark, Ludwigshafen, West Germany | 25 November 1970 |  |
| The Killesberg Tapes | Killesberg-Halle, Stuttgart, West Germany | 26 November 1970 |  |
| Trip Through Germany | Niedersachsenhalle Hanover, West Germany | 27 November 1970 |  |
| Circus Krone | Circus Krone, Munich, West Germany | 29 November 1970 |  |
| A Psychedelic Night | City Hall, Sheffield, England | 22 December 1970 | also released as "Alan Psychedelic Mastertape" and "Rise and Shine" (last mentioned bootleg is considered to contain the best version of "Alan's Psychedelic Breakfast"), the bootleg "A Psychedelic Night" includes "Atom Heart Mother" (31:25 + reprise 2:36), "A Saucerful of Secrets" (23:22) and "Alan's Psychedelic Breakfast" (19:08) |

## 1971

At least 34 bootlegs of different concerts from 1971 were released (not counting the several bootlegs of each concert).

## Dark Side of the Moon Tour

Sometimes the smaller record mastering and pressing plants simply hid the bootleg work when record company executives would come around (in which case the printed label could show the artist and song names) and other times they would print labels with fictitious names. For example, the 1972 Pink Floyd bootleg called *Brain Damage* was released under the name The Screaming Abdabs.

In January 1972, Pink Floyd debuted the live performance of their album *The Dark Side of the Moon* before its release. Many of Pink Floyd bootlegs date back from this period. Most of these bootlegs contain a pre-release version of the entire album.

### 1972

### 1973

The bootleg *Supine in the Sunshine* contains an audience live recording with extended versions of two songs from the soundtrack *Obscured by Clouds* (1972); namely the title track (5:38) and "When You're In" (7:48).

*Yeeshkul!* is so named because the bootlegger, or someone close to him, mentions the word several times during the performance. The name has inspired a forum for discussing Pink Floyd bootlegs which closed on 28 February 2023.

## Pink Floyd 1974 tours

The bootleg *British Winter Tour*, a recording of the 19 November show in Stoke-on-Trent was a notable bootleg released in 1975. It featured the three new songs that Pink Floyd were playing on that tour. It sold an estimated 50,000 copies. The record was issued with the lyrics to the songs, and the quality of presentation convinced a number of buyers that the album was a *bona fide* follow-up to *The Dark Side of the Moon*. The British Phonographic Industry were not impressed, and attempted to find out who the bootleggers were, with the intent of prosecuting them.

## Wish You Were Here Tour (1975)

## In the Flesh Tour (1977)

The bootleg *Animals Instincts* concerns the recording of the Pink Floyd concert at 9 May 1977, at the Oakland Coliseum in Oakland.

## The Wall Tour (1980–1981)

* – "Under Construction", also released as "The Wall Demos" (demo tape from the recording of *The Wall* in 1978, unofficially released by bootleggers. The songs here are not the same versions as those officially released on *The Wall* album.)
* 1 February – "The Wall Rehearsals", also released as "Behind the Wall" and "Brick by Brick"
* 7 February – "Azimuth Coordinator, part 3" a.k.a. "The Wall – Sport Arena L.A."
* 8 February – "The Wall 08 feb 80"
* 10 February – "The Wall – L.A. Sport Arena"
* 13 February – "L.A. Sport Arena – 2/13/1980"
* 28 February 1980 – Untitled LP with "hammers" cover, also released as "Behind the Wall", "Brick by Brick", "Nassau Coliseum Definitive Edition" and "The Wall From The Master Tape"
* 6 August – "The Show Must Go On", a.k.a. "The Wall on wrpi 91.5" and "Bars in the Window"
* 8 August – "The Wall Earl's Court 8 August 1980"
* 9 August – "Divided We Fall", also released as "The Wall Live at Earls Court August 9, 1980"
* 14 February – "Tear Down The Wall (Zeus version)"
* 18 February – "The Wall – Dortmund 18 February 1981"
* 19 February – "Tear Down The Wall"
* 20 February – "The Wall Dortmund Germany 20 feb. 1981"
* 16 June – "Watching The World Upon The Wall"
* 17 June – "Live Wall", a.k.a. "The Wall Earl's Court June 17th 1981"

## A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour (1987–1989)

* 9 September – "A New Era"
* 12 September – "Montreal Day One", a.k.a. "Echoes by the Lake" and "Final Echoes" (including a complete version of Echoes)
* 16 September – "Echoes by the Lake"
* 19 September – "Prism"
* 28 September – "A Clear View", also released as "On The Turning Away"
* 10 October – "Pink Floyd live in East Rutherford 1987 – 2CD – October 10" (140:17 Mins)
* 17 October – "Pink Floyd live in Providence 1987 – 2CD – October 17"
* 30 September – "Delusions of Maturity"
* 1 November – "Pink Floyd live in Miami 1987" \[Soundboard Recording\]
* 03-05/11/1987 – "Would You Buy a Ticket to This Show?"
* 26 November – "World Tour"
* 27 November – "Pink Floyd live in Los Angeles 1987 – 2CD – November 27"
* 27 January - "Pink Floyd Sydney 27 January 1988", the first show of the Australian Leg of their tour
* 11 February – *Live In Adelaide 11 2 88*
* 2 March – *Another Lapse in Japan*
* 4 June – "When You Are Young"
* 7 June – "Pink Elephants Flew over Torino"
* 21 June – "Château de Versailles (1st day)"
* 22 June – "Château de Versailles (2nd day)"
* 8 July – "Nothing is Changed"
* 2 August – "Another Movie in Long Island" – Live at Nassau Coliseum, Uniondale, New York, USA
* 3 June – "Moscow"
* 7 July – "Dockland Arena"
* 15 July – "A Venezia" \[Soundboard Recording\]
* 30 June – "The Knebworth Tales '90", a.k.a. "Of Promise Broken" (not part of the A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour) \[Soundboard Recording\]

## The Division Bell Tour (1994)

* 16 March – *Norton Air Force Rehearsals (≈ soundboard recording of rehearsal)*
* 30 March – *The Live Bell*
* 14 April – *For Whom The Bell Tolls*
* 16 April – *Your Favorite Disease*
* 17 April – *Jurassic Sparks*
* 6 May – *Just Warmin' Up (Rehearsals)*
* 11 June – *The Bell Gets Louder*
* 30 July – *Bells From Notre Dame*
* 30 August –  *Fly Again* The only recorded Pink Floyd Performance of Marooned
* 9 September – *Confortablement Engourdi en France*
* 11 September – *Lyon 94*
* 13 September – *A Passage of Time (≈ soundboard recording)*
* 17 September – *Mutinae*
* 17 September – *The Concert in Modena*
* 19 September – *The Nights of Wonder*
* 21 September – *The Nights of Wonder*
* 20 October – *Out Of This World (Broadcast/Soundboard, Later Officially released As P.U.L.S.E DVD & Including un-edited Songs)*
* 29 October – *The Last Ever Show*
* 29 October – *The Last Bell*

## 2000s

* 2 July – *Live 8*, their performance at Live 8

The classic line up of Pink Floyd (David Gilmour, Roger Waters, Richard Wright and Nick Mason) played together on stage for the first time in 24 years (the band toured without Waters in 1987–1989 and 1994).

The band performed the songs "Speak to Me", "Breathe / Breathe (Reprise)", "Money", "Wish You Were Here" and "Comfortably Numb". They were the only band not to be verbally introduced; instead the house and stage lights were darkened while the introduction to "Speak to Me" was played, accompanied on the video screens by an animated version of the heart monitor graphic from *The Dark Side of the Moon* sleeve. Due to the death of Richard Wright in September 2008, this would be the only reunion of all four members of the post-Syd Barrett incarnation of the band.

* 2 July – *No More Excuses – Hyde Park – Live 8* (BBC Radio 2 FM Live Broadcast SB)
* 10 May – *Syd Barrett Tribute London, Barbican Centre*, two bonus tracks ("Arnold Layne" and "Bike") on the bootleg "David Gilmour & Rick Wright live in Copenhagen 1988"

## Recent releases

The bootleg label The Godfather released in March 2011 an 8-CD box set of Pink Floyd songs called *The Complete Rainbow Tapes*. The box contains four Pink Floyd shows, recorded at the Rainbow Theatre in London (17–20 February 1972).

In 2012 The Godfather label released a 10-CD box set of Pink Floyd songs called *The Massed Gadgets of Hercules 1970–1974*. The box contains five Pink Floyd shows, recorded at 14 March 1970, Live at Meistersingerhalle, Nürnberg, West Germany / 13 February 1971, Live at Students Union Bar, Technical College, Farnborough, Hampshire, England / 16 April 1972, Live at Township Auditorium, Columbia, South Carolina, USA / 12 October 1973, Live at Olympiahalle, München, West Germany / 14 December 1974, Live at Colston Hall, Bristol, Somerset, England.


title: SS Agwiworld

abstract: The SS Agwiworld was a tanker ship that was able to evade an attack off the coast of California in the early days of World War II. Agwiworld was built by Sun Shipbuilding in Chester, Pennsylvania on the Delaware River. Agwiworld's keel was laid down on July 28, 1920. The vessel was launched on December 22, 1920, and delivered on January 19, 1921. Agwiworld was owned and operated by Richfield Oil Company and homeport was Los Angeles, California. After the Attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 the United States entered World War II. The Imperial Japanese Navy sent submarines to attack ships off Coastal California. On December 20, 1941 at 2:15 pm the Agwiworld was 20 miles (32 km) off Cypress Point, Monterey Peninsula near Monterey Bay when the Japanese submarine I-23 fired 14 artillery shells at her from her single 14 cm naval gun. The first shell missed and exploded off the stern, Captain Frederick Goncalves saw the sub 500 yards (460 m) to the west. Goncalves took evasive moves, zigzagging to avoid the incoming shells and to flee the site. Goncalves had a distress call sent to the US Navy. Captain Genichi Shibata of I-23 was not able to get off accurate fire, nor able to follow the Agwiworld, as the water was rough that day. The sub I-23 was faster than the Agwiworld, but with the heavy swells Shibata called off the attack. Shibata's gun crew were on the deck and the heavy swells risked washing his crew overboard. The deck gun had a range of 9.6 miles (15.4 km) and continued to fire as Agwiworld departed. Agwiworld steamed to Santa Cruz, away from the sub, looking for a safe port. After the sub fired its last shell, it submerged. People, including golfers, on the Monterey peninsula saw the shells exploding around the ship as she entered the bay still zigzagging at top speed. Salinas Air Base sent out observation planes to look for the sub, but due to poor visibility they found nothing. It is reported that the Japanese submarine I-23 was lost with all 96 crew members off Hawaii on February 28, 1942. In 1949 the Agwiworld was sold to Cia. Atlantica Pacifica S.A. of Panama City, Panama and renamed the SS Edgewater. In 1954 the ship was scrapped by the British Iron and Steel Corporation. On the same day, December 20, 1941, at about the same time, 330 miles (530 km) to the north, off Cape Mendocino, the Japanese submarine I-17 was able to hit is target, SS Emidio. Five shells and one torpedo killed five crew members and wrecked the Emidio, which ran aground. I-17 was sunk on August 19, 1943 by HMNZS Tui and US Kingfisher floatplanes.

text:
# SS Agwiworld

The **SS *Agwiworld*** was a tanker ship that was able to evade an attack off the coast of California in the early days of World War II. *Agwiworld* was built by Sun Shipbuilding in Chester, Pennsylvania on the Delaware River. *Agwiworld*'s keel was laid down on July 28, 1920. The vessel was launched on December 22, 1920, and delivered on January 19, 1921. *Agwiworld* was owned and operated by Richfield Oil Company and homeport was Los Angeles, California.

After the Attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 the United States entered World War II. The Imperial Japanese Navy sent submarines to attack ships off Coastal California. On December 20, 1941 at 2:15 pm the *Agwiworld* was 20 miles (32 km) off Cypress Point, Monterey Peninsula near Monterey Bay when the Japanese submarine *I-23* fired 14 artillery shells at her from her single 14 cm (5.5 in) naval gun. The first shell missed and exploded off the stern, Captain Frederick Goncalves saw the sub 500 yards (460 m) to the west. Goncalves took evasive moves, zigzagging to avoid the incoming shells and to flee the site. Goncalves had a distress call sent to the US Navy. Captain Genichi Shibata of *I-23* was not able to get off accurate fire, nor able to follow the *Agwiworld*, as the water was rough that day. The sub *I-23* was faster than the *Agwiworld*, but with the heavy swells Shibata called off the attack. Shibata's gun crew were on the deck and the heavy swells risked washing his crew overboard. The deck gun had a range of 9.6 miles (15.4 km) and continued to fire as *Agwiworld* departed. *Agwiworld* steamed to Santa Cruz, away from the sub, looking for a safe port. After the sub fired its last shell, it submerged. People, including golfers, on the Monterey peninsula saw the shells exploding around the ship as she entered the bay still zigzagging at top speed. Salinas Air Base sent out observation planes to look for the sub, but due to poor visibility they found nothing. It is reported that the Japanese submarine *I-23* was lost with all 96 crew members off Hawaii on February 28, 1942. In 1949 the *Agwiworld* was sold to Cia. Atlantica Pacifica S.A. (Atlantic & Pacific Corporation) of Panama City, Panama and renamed the **SS *Edgewater***. In 1954 the ship was scrapped by the British Iron and Steel Corporation.

On the same day, December 20, 1941, at about the same time, 330 miles (530 km) to the north, off Cape Mendocino, the Japanese submarine *I-17* was able to hit is target, SS *Emidio*. Five shells and one torpedo killed five crew members and wrecked the *Emidio*, which ran aground. *I-17* was sunk on August 19, 1943 by HMNZS *Tui* and US Kingfisher floatplanes.

## InfoBox

| SS *Agwiworld* in 1941 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | SS *Agwiworld* |
| Owner | Richfield Oil Company |
| Operator | Richfield Oil Company |
| Builder | Sun Shipbuilding |
| Way number | 220911 - Hull # 32 |
| Laid down | July 28, 1920 |
| Launched | December 22, 1920 |
| Completed | January 19, 1921 |
| Homeport | Los Angeles, California |
| Identification | Call sign KDMD |
| Fate | Scrapped in 1954 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tonnage |  |
| Length | 429 |
| Beam | 59 |
| Draught | 31 |
| Installed power | 3,800 |
| Speed | 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) |
| Complement | 31 |


abstract: A special election was held in New York's 21st congressional district April 30-May 2, 1816 to fill a vacancy left by the resignation of Peter B. Porter (DR) on January 23, 1816 after being appointed a Commissioner under the Treaty of Ghent. The special election was held at the same time as the general elections to the 15th Congress in New York.

text:
# 1816 New York's 21st congressional district special election

A **special election** was held in **New York's 21st congressional district** April 30-May 2, 1816 to fill a vacancy left by the resignation of Peter B. Porter (DR) on January 23, 1816 after being appointed a Commissioner under the Treaty of Ghent. The special election was held at the same time as the general elections to the 15th Congress in New York.

## Election results

| Candidate | Party | Votes | Percent |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Archibald S. Clarke | Democratic-Republican | 8,788 | 58.7% |
| Daniel W. Lewis | Federalist | 6,171 | 41.3% |

Clarke took his seat December 2, 1816


abstract: The Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film is an award presented by the Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association (DFWFCA) to honor an outstanding animated film. Toy Story is the only franchise with multiple wins, winning for Toy Story (1995), Toy Story 3 (2010) and Toy Story 4 (2019).

text:
# Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film

The **Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film** is an award presented by the Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association (DFWFCA) to honor an outstanding animated film. *Toy Story* is the only franchise with multiple wins, winning for *Toy Story* (1995), *Toy Story 3* (2010) and *Toy Story 4* (2019).

## 1990s

| **Year** | **Film** | **Director(s)** | **Nominees** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990 | *The Rescuers Down Under* | Hendel Butoy and Mike Gabriel |  | Bob Hathcock - *Naksitrallid* | Avo Paistik |
| 1991 | *Beauty and the Beast* | Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise |  | Phil Nibbelink- *Rover Dangerfield* | James L. George and Bob Seeley |
| 1992 | *Aladdin* | John Musker and Ron Clements |  | Bruce W. Smith- *FernGully: The Last Rainforest* | Bill Kroyer |
| 1993 | *The Nightmare Before Christmas* | Henry Selick |  | Charles Grosvenor- *We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story* | Dick Zondag and Ralph Zondag |
| 1994 | *The Lion King* | Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff |  | Don Bluth- *The Swan Princess* | Richard Rich |
| 1995 | *Toy Story* | John Lasseter |  | Don Bluth and Gary Goldman- *Pocahontas* | Mike Gabriel and Eric Goldberg |
| 1996 | *James and the Giant Peach* | Henry Selick |  | Gary Trousdale- *Space Jam* | Joe Pytka |
| 1997 | *Anastasia* | Don Bluth and Gary Goldman |  | Mark Dindal- *Hercules* | Ron Clements and John Musker |
| 1998 | *The Prince of Egypt* | Brenda Chapman, Steve Hickner, and Simon Wells |  | John Lasseter- *Mulan* | Tony Bancroft and Barry Cook |
| 1999 | *The Iron Giant* | Brad Bird |  | Kevin Lima and Chris Buck- *Toy Story 2* | John Lasseter |

## 2000s

| **Year** | **Film** | **Director(s)** | **Nominees** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | *Chicken Run* | Peter Lord and Nick Park |  | Mark Dindal- *The Road to El Dorado* | Don Paul and Eric "Bibo" Bergeron |
| 2001 | *Shrek* | Andrew Adamson and Vicky Jenson |  | John A. Davis- *Monsters, Inc.* | Pete Docter |
| 2002 | *Spirited Away
(Sen to Chihiro no kamikakushi)* | Hayao Miyazaki |  | Chris Wedge- *Lilo & Stitch* | Chris Sanders and Dean DeBlois- *Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron* | Kelly Asbury and Lorna Cook - *The Wild Thornberrys Movie* | Jeff McGrath and Cathy Malkasian |
| 2003 | *Finding Nemo* | Andrew Stanton |  | Aaron Blaise and Robert Walker- *Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas* | Tim Johnson and Patrick Gilmore |
| 2004 | *The Incredibles* | Brad Bird |  | Vicky Jenson- *Shrek 2* | Andrew Adamson |
| 2005 | *Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit* | Steve Box and Nick Park |  | Mark Dindal- *Corpse Bride* | Tim Burton and Mike Johnson- *Howl's Moving Castle*Hayao Miyazaki - *Madagascar* | Eric Darnell and Tom McGrath |
| 2006 | *Happy Feet* | George Miller |  | John Lasseter- *Flushed Away* | David Bowers- *Ice Age: The Meltdown* | Carlos Saldanha- *Monster House* | Gil Kenan |
| 2007 | *Ratatouille* | Brad Bird |  | Steve Hickner and Simon J. Smith- *Persepolis* | Marjane Satrapi and Vincent Paronnaud- *Shrek the Third* | Chris Miller- *Surf's Up* | Ash Brannon and Chris Buck |
| 2008 | *WALL-E* | Andrew Stanton |  | Chris Williams and Byron Howard- *Horton Hears a Who!* | Jimmy Hayward and Steve Martino- *Kung Fu Panda* | John Wayne Stevenson and Mark Osborne- *Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa* | Eric Darnell and Tom McGrath |
| 2009 | *Up* | Pete Docter |  | Phil Lord and Christopher Miller- *Coraline* | Henry Selick- *Fantastic Mr. Fox* | Wes Anderson- *The Princess and the Frog* | Ron Clements and John Musker |

## 2010s

| **Year** | **Film** | **Director(s)** | **Nominees** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | *Toy Story 3* | Lee Unkrich |  | Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud- *How To Train Your Dragon* | Chris Sanders and Dean DeBlois- *The Illusionist* | Sylvain Chomet- *Tangled* | Nathan Greno and Byron Howard |
| 2011 | *Rango* | Gore Verbinski |  | Sarah Smith- *Cars 2* | John Lasseter and Brad Lewis- *Kung Fu Panda 2* | Jennifer Yuh Nelson- *Puss in Boots* | Chris Miller |
| 2012 | *ParaNorman* | Sam Fell and Chris Butler |  | Mark Andrews and Brenda Chapman- *Hotel Transylvania* | Genndy Tartakovsky- *Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted* | Tom McGrath, Eric Darnell, and Conrad Vernon- *Wreck-It Ralph* | Rich Moore |
| 2013 | *Frozen* | Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee |  | Chris Sanders and Kirk DeMicco- *Despicable Me 2* | Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud- *Epic* | Chris Wedge- *Monsters University* | Dan Scanlon |
| 2014 | *The Lego Movie* | Phil Lord and Christopher Miller |  | Don Hall and Chris Williams- *The Book of Life* | Jorge R. Gutierrez- *The Boxtrolls* | Anthony Stacchi and Graham Annable- *How to Train Your Dragon 2* | Dean DeBlois |
| 2015 | *Inside Out* | Pete Docter and Ronnie del Carmen |  | Charlie Kaufman and Duke Johnson- *Hotel Transylvania 2* | Genndy Tartakovsky- *The Peanuts Movie* | Steve Martino- *Shaun the Sheep Movie* | Richard Starzak and Mark Burton |
| 2016 | *Zootopia* | Byron Howard and Rich Moore |  | Travis Knight- *Moana* | Ron Clements and John Musker- *Ice Age: Collision Course* | Mike Thurmeier- *Finding Dory* | Andrew Stanton |
| 2017 | *Coco* | Lee Unkrich |  | Dorota Kobiela and Hugh Welchman- *Ferdinand* | Carlos Saldanha- *Cars 3* | Brian Fee- *The Lego Batman Movie* | Chris McKay |
| 2018 | *Isle of Dogs* | Wes Anderson |  | Bob Persichetti, Peter Ramsey, and Rodney Rothman- *Incredibles 2* | Brad Bird- *Ralph Breaks the Internet* | Rich Moore and Phil Johnston- *Mirai* | Mamoru Hosoda |
| 2019 | *Toy Story 4* | Josh Cooley |  | Jérémy Clapin - *Frozen II* | Chris Buck And Jennifer Lee - *How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World* | Dean DeBlois - *Missing Link* | Chris Butler |

## 2020s

| **Year** | **Film** | **Director(s)** | **Nominees** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | *Soul* | Pete Docter |  | Tomm Moore and Ross Stewart - *Onward* | Dan Scanlon- *The Croods: A New Age* | Joel Crawford- *Over the Moon* | Glen Keane |
| 2021 | *Encanto* | Jared Bush and Byron Howard |  | Mike Rianda |
| 2022 | *Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio* | Guillermo del Toro |  | Dean Fleischer Camp |
| 2023 | *The Boy and the Heron* | Hayao Miyazaki |  | Kemp Powers |

## Multiple wins and nominations

### Wins

### Nominations

## InfoBox

| Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | United States |
| Presented by | Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association |
| First awarded | Hendel Butoy and Mike Gabriel
*The Rescuers Down Under* (1990) |
| Currently held by | *The Boy and the Heron* (2023) |
| Website | dfwcritics.com |


title: Péter Vácz

abstract: Péter Vácz is a multi-award-winning Hungarian animator and film director based in Budapest. He uses 2D and 3D stop-motion animation techniques to produce short films, including music videos.

text:
# Péter Vácz

**Péter Vácz** (Budapest, July 2, 1988) is a multi-award-winning Hungarian animator and film director based in Budapest. He uses 2D and 3D stop-motion animation techniques to produce short films, including music videos.

## Early years, studies

Péter Vácz was born in Budapest, Hungary, to a glass designer father, in whose workshop he started tinkering as a child. At the age of nine he started studying music and from 2003 he went to the *'Kisképző' Secondary School of Visual Arts,* where he graduated in graphic design. Vácz then continued his studies at *Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design*, where he took a puppet animation course.

During his university years, in 2010, he completed the *Animations Sans Frontieres (ASF)* international animation course, and in 2011, within the Erasmus Programme, he also finished the professional 3D animation training course at *The Animation Workshop* in Viborg, Denmark.

Vácz graduated with BA and MA in animation, his diploma films, the first in 2010 the Patakiskola *(Streamschool)* and Nyuszi és Őz *(Rabbit and Deer)* in 2012. These films have brought him to the forefront of international attention. The latter is a 16-minute film that uses a mixture of 2D and 3D animation and garnered 125 awards at international festivals, including the *Junior Jury Award* at the Annecy International Animation Film Festival and *Best Animated Short* at the Nashville Film Festival and Atlanta Film Festival.

## Career

Vácz co-founded the international film collective Caravel Collective, with which he made experimental films in the South of France for a year from summer 2013.

In 2014, Vácz was commissioned by Picasso Pictures, who had noted his *Streamschool* film, to create a music video for the song "All I'm Saying" by British band James. The project had a three-week deadline. The resulting stop-motion puppet video premiered on *The Quietus*, which praised Vácz's "excellent, darkly uplifting handiwork", and garnered a Best Animation nomination for the 2015 Berlin Music Video Awards.

After the experimental period in France, Vácz spent a year in Berlin as a freelancer, and moved back to Budapest in 2015. In addition to his professional and artistic work, he started teaching *animation practice and theory* at his alma mater, the *Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design*. After several years of teaching, in 2019 he became the artistic director of the *Illyés Művészeti Szakképző Akadémia*.

| External videos | |
| --- | --- |
| The Making of: James – Dear John | |

In 2016, Vácz collaborated with Joseph Wallace on another James music video, for the track "Dear John". Vácz and Wallace had met as students on the *Animation Sans Frontières (ASF)* animation course and have collaborated on a number of projects over the years, as well as teaching stop-motion animation together. "Dear John" used 3D animation with 2D flashback sequences. It, too, was nominated for the Berlin Music Video Awards.

More recent projects by Vácz include a psychedelic music video for Hungarian kids' band Szagos Hörigekkók, the live-action short film *Pillowface* – chronicling a man's playful attempts to combat hotel-room loneliness – and the semi-autobiographical animation project *Noah's Tree*.

## InfoBox

| Péter Vácz | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | July 2, 1988
Budapest |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Alma mater | Secondary School of Visual Arts Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design, Budapest |
| Occupation(s) | animator, film director |
| Awards | Annecy International Animation Film Festival (Junior Jury Award) Nashville Film Festival ( Best Animated Short)
Atlanta Film Festival (Best Animated Short) |
| Website | www.petervacz.com |


title: Przelewice, Pyrzyce County

abstract: Przelewice is a village in Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Przelewice. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Pyrzyce and 48 km (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The village has a population of 770. Landmarks of Przelewice are the Dendrological Garden in Przelewice with the palace and the medieval Regina Mundi church.

text:
# Przelewice, Pyrzyce County

**Przelewice** \[pʂɛlɛˈvit͡sɛ\] is a village in Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Przelewice. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Pyrzyce and 48 km (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The village has a population of 770.

Landmarks of Przelewice are the Dendrological Garden in Przelewice with the palace and the medieval Regina Mundi church.

## Cuisine

The officially protected traditional food of Przelewice and other nearby village, as designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland, is the Przelewice Honey, which comes in several varieties, i.e. multi-flower honey, honeydew nectar honey, buckwheat honey, heather honey, phacelia honey, rapeseed honey, linden honey, cornflower honey and goldenrod honey.

View of the Palace at the Garden in Przelewice

## InfoBox

| Przelewice | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Przelewice Palace | |
| Przelewice | |
| Coordinates: 53°6′12″N 15°4′42″E / 53.10333°N 15.07833°E / 53.10333; 15.07833 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | West Pomeranian |
| County | Pyrzyce |
| Gmina | Przelewice |
| Population | 770 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Vehicle registration | ZPY |


title: Cory Luebke

abstract: Cory Robert Luebke is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres and Pittsburgh Pirates.

text:
# Cory Luebke

**Cory Robert Luebke** (born March 4, 1985) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres and Pittsburgh Pirates.

## Amateur career

A native of Maria Stein, Ohio, Luebke attended Marion Local High School and Ohio State University. In 2006, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Falmouth Commodores of the Cape Cod Baseball League. He was selected by the Padres in the first round of the 2007 Major League Baseball draft.

## Professional career

### San Diego Padres

#### Minor leagues

Luebke spent his first professional season, 2007 at three different levels of the San Diego Padres' organization. He started with the Low–A Eugene Emeralds of the Northwest League. He went 3–0 with 26 strikeouts and a 1.46 ERA in eight games, three starts. He was soon promoted to the Single–A Fort Wayne Wizards of the Midwest League, where he went 1–2 with 30 strikeouts and a 3.33 ERA in five games, all starts. He was then promoted again to the High–A Lake Elsinore Storm of the California League, where he went 1–1 with five strikeouts and a 7.71 ERA in two games, one start. Luebke went a combined 5–3 with 61 strikeouts and a 3.07 ERA in 5823 innings pitched.

In 2008, Luebke started the season with High–A Lake Elsinore, but was later sent down to Single–A Fort Wayne. With Lake Elsinore he went 3–6 with a 6.84 ERA in 17 games, 15 starts. During his time with Fort Wayne, Luebke went 3–3 with 40 strikeouts and a 2.89 ERA in 10 games, all starts. Luebke went a combined 6–9 with 100 strikeouts with a 5.12 ERA in 12813 innings pitched.

Luebke split the 2009 season with High–A Lake Elsinore and the Double-A San Antonio Missions. He began the season with Lake Elsinore for the second consecutive season. He went 8–2 with 80 strikeouts and a 2.34 ERA in 14 games, all starts. He was then promoted to the Missions where he went 3–2 with a 3.70 ERA in nine games, all starts. Luebke went a combined 11–4 with 112 strikeouts and a 2.78 ERA in 12923 innings pitched. Luebke attributed his success in '09 to working out kinks in his delivery. He was named the number 12 prospect in the Texas League by *Baseball America.* Luebke pitched for Team USA in the 2009 Baseball World Cup. He threw a near perfect game against Team Canada. He started the championship game, striking out seven and pitching 413 innings.

On July 11, 2010, Luebke was promoted to the Triple-A \[\]Portland Beavers\]\] of the Pacific Coast League. While with San Antonio, Luebke went 5–1 with a 2.40 ERA and a WHIP of 0.94. He made 9 starts with Portland, going 5–0 with a 2.97 ERA.

#### Major leagues

Luebke was promoted to the Padres on September 1, 2010 and made his first major league start on September 3, where he got his first loss, pitching 5 innings and giving up four runs. He earned his first career win in his next start, throwing 6 innings and only giving up 2 hits and 1 walk.

Luebke started 2011 in the Padres bullpen. He pitched in 29 games in relief, posting a 3.23 ERA in 39 innings with 43 strike-outs against 15 walks. On June 26, Luebke was promoted to the Padres starting rotation. He started 17 games, going 8–9 with a 3.31 ERA. Over 10023 innings as a starter, he struck out 111 batters and walked 29, holding opposing hitters to a .218 batting average. His success in 2011 raised his profile to that of a front-of-the-rotation starter.

On March 30, 2012, Luebke agreed to a four-year extension with the Padres worth a guaranteed $12 million that includes 2 club options for 2016 and 2017. He received a $500,000 bonus for the deal. He earned $0.5 million in 2012, $1 million in 2013, $3 million in 2014 and $5.25 million in 2015. His 2016 option was worth $7.5 million and had a $1.75 million buyout, and his 2017 option was worth $10 million with a $250,000 buyout. Luebke could have earned up to $27.75 million.

Luebke opened 2012 in the Padres starting rotation and made five starts, going 3–1 with a 2.61 ERA, before being removed from the rotation with elbow tightness and soreness. On May 23, 2012, Cory Luebke underwent Tommy John surgery to repair a partial tear of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) in his left elbow, causing him to miss the rest of the 2012 season. Rehabilitation from Tommy John for pitchers usually ranged from 12 to 18 months. Luebke was expected to pitch after the All-Star break in 2013, but he was shut down in September after more than three bullpen sessions. He began throwing again in November. By late December, the team was considering him as a reliever for Opening Day in 2014.

On February 4, 2014, it was announced that Luebke had a tear in his UCL and would need a second reconstructive surgery on his elbow and miss the 2014 season. He became a free agent following the 2015 season.

### Pittsburgh Pirates

On February 11, 2016, the Pittsburgh Pirates signed Luebke to a minor league contract. He had his contract selected to the major league roster on April 3. He was designated for assignment on June 18, after struggling to a 9.35 ERA in 9 games. On June 26, he cleared waivers and was released.

### Miami Marlins

On July 7, 2016, Luebke signed a minor league contract with the Miami Marlins organization. He made four scoreless appearances split between the High–A Jupiter Hammerheads, Double–A Jacksonville Suns, and Triple–A New Orleans Zephyrs. Luebke elected free agency following the season on November 7.

### Chicago White Sox

On January 17, 2017, Luebke signed a minor league contract with the Chicago White Sox. Luebke retired from baseball on May 8, after two appearances for the Triple–A Charlotte Knights.

## InfoBox

| Cory Luebke | |
| --- | --- |
| Luebke with the Fort Wayne Wizards | |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:**  (1985-03-04) March 4, 1985<br>Coldwater, Ohio, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Left | |
| MLB debut | |
| September 3, 2010, for the San Diego Padres | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| June 17, 2016, for the Pittsburgh Pirates | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Win–loss record | 10–13 |
| Earned run average | 3.52 |
| Strikeouts | 204 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |
| Medals      Men's baseball  Representing  United States  Baseball World Cup  2009 Nettuno  National team | |


abstract: The Presbyterian Church in Westfield, New Jersey was established in 1728, when twelve to eighteen of the early settlers built a log house for worship near what is now Benson Place.

text:
# Presbyterian Church (Westfield, New Jersey)

**The Presbyterian Church** in Westfield, New Jersey was established in 1728, when twelve to eighteen of the early settlers built a log house for worship near what is now Benson Place.

## History

The Presbyterian Church in the West Fields of Elizabethtown was established in 1728. A great drum was sounded to call people to services. Before then, many of these God-fearing pioneers would make the all-day trip to Elizabeth to attend services, the men carrying firearms to protect themselves from Indians.

On November 5, 1734 the congregation bought 40 acres (160,000 m2), roughly the area bounded now by the back of the church cemetery on Mountain Avenue, Kimball Avenue, the middle of Mindowaskin Park and East Broad Street. The price was 20. Though the site was reduced or sold over time to about 7 acres (28,000 m2), it is the site the congregation has occupied ever since. A small building was erected.

It is not known when the second building was erected, but it was probably about 1734 and was situated at the intersection of East Broad Street and Mountain Avenue. The third building was set directly behind its predecessor and was first used about 1805. The present building was erected in 1861, slightly up the hill from the previous one and the sanctuary with the large church spire remains to this day as the main building for worship. An additional building known as “Westminster Hall” was originally designated as a lecture hall. It was built in 1853 and has been added to from time to time, with the last renovation taking place in 1908.

During the American Revolution, the church pastor was the Reverend Benjamin Woodruff, a staunch patriot. On June 26, 1777, he had the church bell rung to warn residents that some 14,000 British troops were approaching. Again, on June 23, 1780, the bell warned residents that the Redcoats were coming. This time, British soldiers climbed to the belfry and flung the bell to the ground. Tradition says the bell was taken to Staten Island where, later, a prisoner from Westfield heard it ringing and recognized its tone. Eventually it was returned and rehung in the belfry.

Reverend Woodruff and his wife are buried under the vestibule of the present building; a plaque near the front door commemorates his long and devoted service.

About 1818 the first Sunday School was started. Education was important to local Presbyterians, who gave the grounds for the first Westfield academy; and the public schools of Westfield grew out of that institution.

In the early days sermons could last up to two hours. Wood stoves provided some heat, but members often brought foot warmers in the winter. Light was by candles. Muddy roads made carpets impractical; instead, the floor was covered with a thick layer of sand. Along the side of Mountain Avenue was a long row of posts to which horses were tied. Singing was conducted by a presenter who stood before the congregation, gave the pitch from a tuning fork, and sang out the tune in "a loud, stentorious voice".

Before the American Civil War, church members occasionally voted to take action for or against certain civic practices. In 1847, Session successfully protested to railroad officials the running of trains through Westfield on the Sabbath. Until 1870, Session heard cases involving offenses against the civil law as well as against the discipline of the Session. Some cases involved the moral and spiritual rectitude of church members; a typical offense charged against some young men was intemperance. Others concerned absence from worship service, slander, lying, theft, etc.

Long after the Revolution, religion and patriotism went hand in hand for church members. For many years each church trustee swore to support the Constitution of the United States.

The present church structure, built during the early part of the Civil War, was dedicated on March 25, 1862. The congregation at that time numbered less than 250, but the new structure had a seating capacity of 800.

In 1875 a pipe organ was installed. Two years later a choir loft was added and a variety of music and choral groups have been introduced over the years.

The cemetery across Mountain Avenue is part of the Church property and was first used for burial about 1720. Seventy-three veterans of the Revolutionary War are buried there. Local men preparing for the War of 1812 are said to have trained on the church grounds. Others fought in the Civil War, the Spanish–American War and both of the 20th century world wars. Three lost their lives in World War I, twelve in World War II, and three more in the following Cold War.

Embracing a theme of the Presbyterian Synod that "a giving church is a living church," the Presbyterian Church in Westfield has for many years donated generously to missions and missionaries. The earliest record shows that the church in 1801 gave $70 "for gospellizing the Indians and other pious purposes". In 1876 there were 26 special collections taken for Home Missions, Foreign Missions and other local, national and foreign mission needs. Starting in 1904 church records contain a long list of missionaries supported wholly or in part by this church. At the end of World War II, the church sponsored six refugee families, helping them find housing and employment in the area.

Further outreach to the needy in Westfield and Union County continues. Four to six times per year 14 single women and/or families who find themselves temporarily homeless are housed in the church and provided with food, beds and bathing facilities. Every Wednesday, young people and adults of the congregation, working on our "Agape Project," prepare over 250 dinners and take them to a Presbyterian church in Elizabeth where they are served to people experiencing food insecurity. Our deacons and other members also work regularly at the huge Community Food Bank in Hillside.

As the Town of Westfield has grown from a quaint rural village into a modern commuter town, so the Church has grown from a mere handful of God-fearing people to a congregation of approximately 1,600 members. Over the years, the growth of the congregation and of the Sunday Church School, founded in 1818, made necessary increases in the buildings on the campus of The Presbyterian Church in Westfield.

The first part of the Parish House was completed in 1926 and a large addition, including the Chapel and Assembly Hall was finished in 1949. The building known as Westminster Hall was originally called a Lecture Room. It was built in 1853 and has been added to from time to time, the last renovation taking place in 1958. Extensive changes were made in the main Church building, when a chancel was added and a new organ installed in 1952.

Following World War II, the Church experienced a huge increase in membership. By 1962 it had reached a peak of 4,569 members and the decision was made to add more seating capacity by "stretching" the sanctuary building to 1,000 seats. During 1964 and 1965, the sanctuary was split in two and the front section of the church containing the narthex and the spire was moved forward to increase the seating capacity in the church. This remarkable project actually added 30 feet (9.1 m) to the sanctuary without noticeable change to the interior or exterior appearance of the building. You can see the “split lines on the sanctuary walls which clearly mark the expansion. The “Christian Education” building was added on as a part of the 1964 construction and built for the rapidly expanding Sunday school program.

In 1997, using money from several bequests, a major renovation of the sanctuary was made. The scope of the work included a new sound system, carpet, enlarged Narthex, air conditioning, new lighting system and chandeliers, redesigned chancel, sound enhancement and accessibility improvements. In 2007, a new terrace project was completed and gives the church a safe and welcoming entryway.

A complete history of The Presbyterian Church in Westfield is available in the church library, and members of the staff are always glad to conduct visitors through the buildings. With advance notice, group tours through The Presbyterian Church Cemetery can be arranged.

The Church is featured prominently in the opening credits of the NBC television show Ed. Although the series took place in fictional Stuckyville, Ohio, Tom Cavannaugh (Ed) drives through Westfield, drives past the church while taking in the sites of his hometown.

40°39′14″N 74°20′51″W / 40.6539°N 74.3476°W / 40.6539; -74.3476


title: Boisberg, Minnesota

abstract: Boisberg is an unincorporated community in Monson Township, Traverse County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

text:
# Boisberg, Minnesota

**Boisberg** is an unincorporated community in Monson Township, Traverse County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

## History

Boisberg derives its name from the nearby Bois de Sioux River.

## InfoBox

| Boisberg | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| BoisbergBoisberg | |
| Coordinates: 45°55′13″N 96°33′41″W / 45.92028°N 96.56139°W / 45.92028; -96.56139 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Minnesota |
| County | Traverse |
| Elevation | 984 ft (300 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 320 |
| GNIS feature ID | 654610 |


title: ChickClick

abstract: ChickClick was an American website for women that was online from 1998 to 2002. It was created by Heidi Swanson as a web portal for websites created by young women. The website also served as an online community, with a message board and Internet radio program called ChickClick Radio. It also provided a free e-mail and web hosting service, known as Chickmail and Chickpages respectively. After ChickClick's launch in February 1998, it merged with EstroNet in October 1998. After the dot-com bubble burst in 2000, the website became defunct in 2002 and now redirects to IGN's website. During its years online, ChickClick was associated with zine culture and third-wave feminism. It was nominated for two Webby Awards in 2001.

text:
# ChickClick

**ChickClick** was an American website for women that was online from 1998 to 2002. It was created by Heidi Swanson as a web portal for websites created by young women. The website also served as an online community, with a message board and Internet radio program called ChickClick Radio. It also provided a free e-mail and web hosting service, known as Chickmail and Chickpages respectively.

After ChickClick's launch in February 1998, it merged with EstroNet in October 1998. After the dot-com bubble burst in 2000, the website became defunct in 2002 and now redirects to *IGN'*s website.

During its years online, ChickClick was associated with zine culture and third-wave feminism. It was nominated for two Webby Awards in 2001.

## History

Wanting to create alternative media for young women online, Heidi Swanson created ChickClick when she was 25 years old. She pitched the idea to Chris Anderson, the head of Imagine Media who also owned IGN, requesting a computer to allow herself and her younger sister, Heather, to build the website. At the time, Swanson had quit her job as a web designer after working for six weeks due to focusing on her Master's Degree at Stanford University.

Shortly after ChickClick's initial launch in February 1998, it merged with EstroNet, a network of female-oriented Internet properties, in October. ChickClick then divided its content between MissClick, targeted towards teenagers, and EstroClick, targeted towards adults. Afterwards, ChickClick began expanding on its web services, such as its free e-mail and web hosting services. Swanson explained that the web hosting, in addition to ChickClick's message boards, was to scaffold young women into using technology to both create and consume content.

In February 1999, ChickClick became managed by Affiliation Networks, a company created as an offshoot of Imagine Media focusing on its online properties, whose name was later changed into Snowball in August 1999. In addition, ChickClick sponsored the music festival Lilith Fair. The website also had plans to launch news channels, including SheWire, a technology-related news channel aimed at women.

In 2000, ChickClick launched an online radio program called ChickClick Radio. Following the dot-com bubble burst, ChickClick faced several employee lay-offs, and both Swanson sisters left the staff to work on Kibu.com. In 2002, Snowball announced that they were closing ChickClick, citing "changes in the economy" as its reason as a reference to its financial losses.

## Content

ChickClick was launched as a zine and web portal aimed at women, featuring links to content that parodied mainstream teen and women's magazines. Websites that were part of ChickClick's network included the Disgruntled Housewife; Riotgrrl; GrrlGamer; and Bimbionic. Unlike general women's magazines at the time, ChickClick was seen as "edgy", with personal content and an aesthetic combining riot grrrl visuals with "reclaimed girl culture" such as Hello Kitty and "ironic" artwork from the 1950s.

ChickClick also featured a message board, where users could participate. It also had a free e-mail and web hosting service that was powered by Lycos. The e-mail service Chickmail and web hosting service Chickpages were advertised to the teenage demographic, while Estromail and Estropages were advertised to the adult demographic. Websites hosted on Chickpages and Estropages were part of ChickClick's network, and the owners of ChickClick would profit from the advertisements.

### EstroNet

Like ChickClick, EstroNet was created as a collaborative network of websites and zines aimed at women. It was intended to drive traffic towards independent websites created by women. In addition, Heather Irwin, one of its founders, planned for EstroNet to host original content, such as spotlighting women in the technology industry. EstroNet's member sites included *Maxi*, its first member; and *HUES* (acronym for *Hear Us Emerging Sisters*), founded by Ophira Edut and aimed at women of color; *Bust*, a print zine; Gurl.com; *Minxmag*, an online zine sponsored by Pseudo.com; *Women's Room*, an online zine on Tripod; and *Wench*.

The founders of EstroNet were familiar with Heidi Swanson since 1995, and as ChickClick had corporate funding, which EstroNet lacked, they allowed Swanson to take over the website. After merging with ChickClick in October 1998, EstroNet's original content was divided into its own category, EstroClick, aimed at older women.

## Analysis

### Critical reception

In 1998, ChickClick received more than a million visits a month. *Entertainment Weekly* gave the website a B+, stating that both ChickClick and EstroNet had "useful information, provocative thought, and handsome visuals laid out with clarity and taste" but that its effect can be hard to take seriously. ChickClick was also one of the websites criticized for having sexual information, and in 1999, anti-pornography advocates cited concerns that this would lead to more underage sexual activity and cause harmful development in young girls.

### Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Nominees | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | Webby Awards | Community | ChickClick | Nominated |
| | | Living | | Nominated |
|

### Use in academia

ChickClick has been used as a study of zine culture and women's media in the 1990s. Scholars Tasha Oren and Andrea Press named ChickClick as one of the websites that encouraged female participation on the Internet. They also noticed that while ChickClick was active as part of the zine culture, it was branded as alternative content for women and separated itself from radical feminist zines.

## InfoBox

ChickClick
| Logo | |
| --- | --- |
| Type of site |  |
| Available in | English |
| Founded | February 1998 (1998-02) |
| Dissolved | 2002 (2002) |
| Headquarters | San Francisco, United States |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Founder(s) | * Heidi Swanson |
| Parent | Snowball |
| URL | ChickClick at the Wayback Machine (archived May 19, 2001) |
| Commercial | Yes |
| Registration | Optional (required for message board) |
| Launched | February 1998 (1998-02) |
| Current status | Defunct |
| Native client(s) on | Web browser |


title: Dried apricot

abstract: Dried apricots are dried fruit of the apricot tree. Apricots have been cultivated in Central Asia since antiquity, and dried ones were an important commodity on the Silk Road. They could be transported over huge distances due to their long shelf life. Before the 20th century, they were ubiquitous in the Ottoman, Persian, and Russian Empires. In more recent times, California was the largest producer, before being overtaken by Turkey, where about 95% of the dried apricot production is provided by the Malatya Province. Small apricots are normally dried whole. Larger varieties are dried in halves, without the kernel or stone. In the former Soviet Union, the former are known as uryuk (урюк), used primarily for making kompot, and the latter as kuraga (курага). Mediterranean or Turkish varieties of dried apricots are typically dried whole and then pitted; whereas California varieties are halved and pitted before drying. When treated with sulfur dioxide (SO₂), the color is vivid orange. Organic fruit not treated with sulfur vapor is darker in color and has a coarser texture. Generally, the lighter the color, the higher the SO2 content. Ethnic foods based on dried apricots include qubani ka meetha in India and chamoy in Mexico. Dried apricots are an important source of carotenoids (vitamin A) and potassium. Due to their high fiber-to-volume ratio, they are sometimes used to relieve constipation or induce diarrhea. Dried apricots normally do not have any sugar added and have a low glycemic index. The maximum moisture rate allowed in Turkey is 25%.

text:
# Dried apricot

**Dried apricots** are dried fruit of the apricot tree.

Apricots have been cultivated in Central Asia since antiquity, and dried ones were an important commodity on the Silk Road. They could be transported over huge distances due to their long shelf life. Before the 20th century, they were ubiquitous in the Ottoman, Persian, and Russian Empires.

In more recent times, California was the largest producer, before being overtaken by Turkey, where about 95% of the dried apricot production is provided by the Malatya Province.

Small apricots are normally dried whole. Larger varieties are dried in halves, without the kernel or stone. In the former Soviet Union, the former are known as *uryuk* (урюк), used primarily for making kompot, and the latter as *kuraga* (курага). Mediterranean or Turkish varieties of dried apricots are typically dried whole and then pitted; whereas California varieties are halved and pitted before drying.

When treated with sulfur dioxide (SO₂), the color is vivid orange. Organic fruit not treated with sulfur vapor is darker in color and has a coarser texture. Generally, the lighter the color, the higher the SO2 content.

Ethnic foods based on dried apricots include *qubani ka meetha* in India and *chamoy* in Mexico.

Dried apricots are an important source of carotenoids (vitamin A) and potassium. Due to their high fiber-to-volume ratio, they are sometimes used to relieve constipation or induce diarrhea. Dried apricots normally do not have any sugar added and have a low glycemic index. The maximum moisture rate allowed in Turkey is 25%.


abstract: The Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association (DFWFCA) is an organization of 31 print, radio/TV and internet journalists from Dallas–Fort Worth-based publications. Current members include Chris Vognar, Denton Record-Chronicle's Preston Barta, Chase Whale, Twitch Film's Peter Martin, and Peter Simek of D Magazine. In December of each year, the DFWFCA meets to vote on their Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards for films released in the same calendar year. In December 2006, the Miami Herald described the association as "one of the most reliable bellwethers of the Academy Award for Best Picture."

text:
# Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association

The **Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association** (**DFWFCA**) is an organization of 31 print, radio/TV and internet journalists from Dallas–Fort Worth-based publications. Current members include Chris Vognar, Denton Record-Chronicle's Preston Barta, Chase Whale, Twitch Film's Peter Martin, and Peter Simek of *D Magazine*. In December of each year, the DFWFCA meets to vote on their **Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards** for films released in the same calendar year.

In December 2006, the *Miami Herald* described the association as "one of the most reliable bellwethers of the Academy Award for Best Picture."

## Members

* Frank Swietek – **Founder**
* Todd Jorgenson – **President**
* Arnold Wayne Jones – **Vice President**
* Ally Adnan
* Boo Allen
* Preston Barta
* Juanita L. Brown
* Stephen Becker
* PC Chambers
* Scott Churchill
* Nancy Churnin
* Cary Darling
* Gary Dowell
* Julie Fisk
* Candace Havens
* Laura Hiros
* Jo Ann Holt
* Cynthia A. Jordan
* Kristian Lin
* Peter Martin
* Matt Mungle
* Britton Peele
* Alice Reese
* Gwen Reyes
* Rubin Safaya
* Paul Salfen
* Ronald P. Salfen
* Peter Simek
* Chris Vognar
* Mark Walters
* Chase Whale
* Frank Wilkins
* Robert Wilonsky

## Award categories

## Award breakdown

(2 awards and more)

## InfoBox

Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association
| Formation | 1990 |
| --- | --- |
| Purpose | Film criticism |
| Location |  |
| President | Todd Jorgenson |
| Website | www.dfwcritics.com |


title: Elijah Combs

abstract:
'General' Elijah Combs, is the son of John Combs and his wife, Nancy Harding. He migrated to Kentucky from North Carolina in 1792 bringing with him his wife and several slaves. He is listed as deeding roughly 10 acres for what became the Town of Hazard to the town in 1826. Elijah was the Founder of Hazard, Perry County, Kentucky on November 2, 1820, which he named after General Oliver Hazard Perry, a hero of the War of 1812. Perry County was formed by the Kentucky General Assembly from portions of Clay and Floyd Counties in Kentucky. In addition to founding Hazard, Elijah was a Whig politician. In 1832 he was listed as the Jailer for Perry County. In 1833 he was listed as its Magistrate. In 1836 and 1837 he was listed as the Sheriff. In 1840 he served in the Kentucky State House. Elijah went by the title 'General' and was known to dress up as a 'general' in his regimental uniform as the 'General of the local militia' for Hazard and Perry County. Although no evidence of an actual command as a General has been found, he is listed as making a materials request after the War of 1812. During the 1840 Presidential Election, Elijah was running for a seat in the Kentucky House of Representatives which he won. He gave speeches on behalf of the Whig candidate for president, William Henry Harrison. Elijah married Sarah 'Sally' Roark, the daughter of patriot US Revolutionary militia war spy, Michael Roark. His father-in-law, Michael Roark was paid by the US government to spy on the Creek and Cherokee Indians. Some historians think that Elijah also participated in the War of 1812 in either the Creek War in the Southern States or on the Canadian frontier. Since he named the town and County after Oliver Hazard Perry, a leader in battles at the Canada–US border, questions surround the connection. Elijah and Sally had 6 known children:
  - Jesse Combs (1798–1874) Clerk of the Perry County Court until his death
  - Mary "Polly" Combs
  - Lucinda "Cindy" Combs
  - Jackson G. Combs (1816–1857)
  - Elijah Combs Jr. (1819–1866)
  - Jade Miller (1815–unknown)

text:
# Elijah Combs

'**General' Elijah Combs** (April 17, 1770 in Frederick County, Virginia – September 12, 1855 in Hazard, Perry County, Kentucky), is the son of John Combs and his wife, Nancy Harding. He migrated to Kentucky from North Carolina in 1792 bringing with him his wife and several slaves (called: 'Anne', 'Nance' and 'Jake'). He is listed as deeding roughly 10 acres for what became the Town of Hazard to the town in 1826.

Elijah was the Founder of Hazard, Perry County, Kentucky on November 2, 1820, which he named after General Oliver Hazard Perry, a hero of the War of 1812. Perry County was formed by the Kentucky General Assembly from portions of Clay and Floyd Counties in Kentucky.

In addition to founding Hazard, Elijah was a Whig politician. In 1832 he was listed as the Jailer for Perry County. In 1833 he was listed as its Magistrate. In 1836 and 1837 he was listed as the Sheriff. In 1840 he served in the Kentucky State House.

Elijah went by the title 'General' and was known to dress up as a 'general' in his regimental uniform as the 'General of the local militia' for Hazard and Perry County. Although no evidence of an actual command as a General has been found, he is listed as making a materials request after the War of 1812 (for the State of Kentucky).

During the 1840 Presidential Election, Elijah was running for a seat in the Kentucky House of Representatives which he won. He gave speeches on behalf of the Whig candidate for president, William Henry Harrison.

Elijah married Sarah 'Sally' Roark, the daughter of patriot US Revolutionary militia war spy, Michael Roark.

His father-in-law, Michael Roark was paid by the US government to spy on the Creek and Cherokee Indians. Some historians think that Elijah also participated in the War of 1812 in either the Creek War in the Southern States or on the Canadian frontier. Since he named the town and County after Oliver Hazard Perry, a leader in battles at the Canada–US border, questions surround the connection.

Elijah and Sally had 6 known children:

* Jesse Combs (1798–1874) Clerk of the Perry County Court until his death
* Mary "Polly" Combs
* Lucinda "Cindy" Combs
* Jackson G. Combs (1816–1857)
* Elijah Combs Jr. (1819–1866)
* Jade Miller (1815–unknown)


title: Przekop Wisły

abstract: The Przekop Wisły is a branch of the Vistula river in its delta. It was created artificially in 1895. Since then, it has formed the most direct route from the Vistula to the Baltic Sea.

text:
# Przekop Wisły

The **Przekop Wisły** (Polish pronunciation: \[ˈpʂɛkɔp\], often shortened to just **Przekop**) is a branch of the Vistula river in its delta. It was created artificially in 1895 (hence its Polish name "*Przekop*" in this case meaning "river cutoff"). Since then, it has formed the most direct route from the Vistula to the Baltic Sea.

## History

Work on the Przekop began in June 1891. 1,000 workers and 40 steam machines were dedicated to the project. 7,000,000 cubic metres (250,000,000 cu ft) of dirt was displaced from the construction site. 20 million marks were spent on the project in total. An opening ceremony was not held once the canal was finishedat 3:45 p.m. on 31 March 1895, president of East Prussia Gustav von Goßler was sent a telegraph signal by Wilhelm II, German Emperor, to open the canal. He followed the Emperor's orders and opened it by himself.

## Measurements

The Przekop is 7.1 kilometres (4.4 mi) long and 250 to 400 metres (820 to 1,310 ft) wide, with shallows measuring 1 metre (3.3 ft) in depth. In June 2022, the water levels of the Przekop reached 526 centimetres (207 in).

## Geology

The deposition of the sediments on the canal's surface is progressing at a fast pace and its surface is mostly made up of coarse sands with leptokurtic distribution.

1. Kuhn, Rudolf (2012). *Rudolf Th. Kuhn (18421900)fotograf krajobrazu, architektury i morza*. Fundacja Karrenwall. ISBN 9788393309412.
2. Chudzyński, Tomasz (28 February 2021). "Historia przekopu Wisły! Duma i nowoczesność Zachodnich Prus do dziś chroni Żuławy przed powodzią. Znacie tę historię?". *Nowy Dwór Gdański Naszemiasto*. Naszemiasto. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
3. "Tak przekopano Wisłę ponad 120 lat temu". *Strefa Historii*. Północ TV. 20 December 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
4. "Przekop Wisły". *Młyńska Droga*. 23 October 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
5. "Przekop Wisły wraz z jej ujściem". *Pomorskie.travel*. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
6. Palacz, Marcin (6 June 2022). "Ujście Wisły". *Jacht i Bałtyk*. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
7. Rudowski, S.; Wróblewski, R.; Edut, J.; Dworniczak, J. (2017). "Granulometry of bottom sediments of the Przekop Wisły canal". *Bulletin of the Maritime Institute of Gdańsk*. **32** (1). doi:10.5604/12307424.1224050. Retrieved 13 February 2023.

54°19′40″N 18°56′15″E / 54.32778°N 18.93750°E / 54.32778; 18.93750

## InfoBox

| Przekop Wisły | |
| --- | --- |
| A view of the Przekop towards its mouth | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Between Sobieszewo Island and Gmina Stegna, Pomeranian Voivodeship |
| Country | Poland |
| Specifications | |
| Length | 7.1 km (4.4 miles) |
| History | |
| Former names | Weichseldurchstich |
| Modern name | Przekop Wisły |
| Construction began | June 1891 |
| Date completed | March 1895 |
| Geography | |
| Start point | Mikoszewo or Świbno |
| End point | Gdańsk Bay |
| Beginning coordinates | 54°18′31″N 18°56′03″E / 54.3085°N 18.9342°E / 54.3085; 18.9342 |
| Ending coordinates | 54°21′38″N 18°57′00″E / 54.3606°N 18.9501°E / 54.3606; 18.9501 |
|  | |


title: Oklahoma Raiders

abstract: Oklahoma Raiders is a 1944 American Western film directed by Lewis D. Collins and starring Tex Ritter.

text:
# Oklahoma Raiders

***Oklahoma Raiders*** is a 1944 American Western film directed by Lewis D. Collins and starring Tex Ritter.

## Plot

Cowboys go to buy fresh horses for the cavalry and end up taking on two badguys and a female vigilante.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Oklahoma Raiders | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Lewis D. Collins |
| Screenplay by | Betty Burbridge
(original screen play) |
| Produced by | Oliver Drake |
| Starring | Tex Ritter |
| Cinematography | William A. Sickner |
| Edited by | Norman A. Cerf |
| Production
company | Universal Pictures |
| Distributed by | Universal Pictures |
| Release date | * March 17, 1944 (1944-03-17) |
| Running time | 57 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Eduardo Romualdez

abstract: Eduardo Zialcita Romualdez was a Filipino banker, financial administrator and diplomat who served as the Ambassador of the Philippines to the United States from 1971 to 1982. He also was Secretary of Finance, serving from 1966 to 1970 under the Marcos administration.

text:
# Eduardo Romualdez

**Eduardo Zialcita Romualdez** (November 22, 1909 – July 19, 2001) was a Filipino banker, financial administrator and diplomat who served as the Ambassador of the Philippines to the United States from 1971 to 1982. He also was Secretary of Finance, serving from 1966 to 1970 under the Marcos administration.

## Early life and education

Romualdez was born on November 22, 1909, in Tolosa, Leyte to Miguel Lopez Romualdez, assemblyman for Leyte and Mayor of Manila during World War II, and Brigida Zialcita. His siblings includes former House Speaker Daniel Romualdez. He is the nephew of Supreme Court Associate Justice Norberto Romualdez and is the uncle of former Health Secretary Alberto Romualdez, footballer Johnny Romualdez and current Ambassador to the United States Babe Romualdez. He is also the first cousin of former First Lady Imelda Marcos and Ambassador Benjamin Romualdez.

Romualdez went to Ateneo de Manila University for highschool, graduating in 1925. He studied at the University of the Philippines where he earned his degree in philosophy. He held a master's degree from the University of Santo Tomas and a doctorate from Georgetown University.

## Career

Romualdez's career in government began in 1934 when he was a bank manager at the Bureau of Banking (predecessor of the current Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas) under the Department of Finance, serving until 1947.

He was president of the Philippine Trust Company and the Fidelity and Surety Company from 1947 to 1954. From 1951 to 1956, he was the regional vice-president of the American Bankers Association. Also in 1951, Romualdez was appointed by President Elpidio Quirino as member of the National Power Corporation Board of Directors. In 1954, he was appointed by President Ramon Magsaysay as chairman and CEO of the Rehabilitation Finance Corporation (now reorganized as the Development Bank of the Philippines). Due to his position as RFC chairman, he was an *ex officio* member of the Monetary Board of the Central Bank of the Philippines. He also was the government representative and chairman of the board of Philippine Airlines beginning in January 1954 until 1962. In 1956, Magsaysay nominated Romualdez to be the Philippine alternate governor to the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. His nomination was approved by the Commission on Appointments in July 1956 and he served until 1961. He also briefly served as an *ex officio* member of the Cabinet of the Philippines owing to him becoming the presiding officer of the National Economic Council in 1956.

In 1958, President Carlos P. Garcia nominated Romualdez to be president of the Philippine National Bank, cutting short his term as RFC chairman. He served with the bank until 1961. Throughout the 1950s, Romualdez was either a member or the chairman of the board of directors of various companies including Insular Life and Baguio Gold Mining Co. (now PAL Holdings, Inc.). He was director of the Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines from 1950 to 1952. He became president of Philippine Airlines from 1961 to 1962 and again from 1966 to 1970.

In 1966, Romualdez was appointed by President Ferdinand Marcos to be his Secretary of Finance. In 1970, due to student protests now known as the First Quarter Storm, several cabinet members were replaced by Marcos including Romualdez, who was replaced by Cesar Virata. In 1971, he was appointed Ambassador of the Philippines to the United States. He presented his credentials to United States President Richard Nixon on October 13, 1971.

In November 1974, Romualdez was held hostage for over 10 hours at the Philippine Embassy in Washington, D.C. According to *The New York Times*, it was believed to be the first time a foreign ambassador was held hostage in the United States. Romualdez was eventually released after assurances were made by President Marcos that the perpetrator's son in the Philippines would be given an exit visa and be allowed to leave the country.

## Personal life

Romualdez was married to Concepcion Veloso, the daughter of Jose Maria Veloso. They had 4 children. He was a member of the Rotary Club becoming president in 1953 and later, as a district governor of Rotary International. He also supported the Philippine Tuberculosis Society and the Philippine Cancer Society.

## Death

Romualdez died in his sleep on July 19, 2001, at age 91. He was buried on July 24 at La Loma Cemetery.

## InfoBox

| The HonorableEduardo Romualdez | |
| --- | --- |
| Romualdez presenting his credentials as ambassador to United States President Richard Nixon in 1971. | |
|  | |
| Ambassador of the Philippines to the United States | |
| **In office**
1971–1982 | |
| Appointed by | Ferdinand Marcos |
| Preceded by | Ernesto Lagdameo |
| Succeeded by | Benjamin Romualdez |
| Secretary of Finance | |
| **In office**
January 1, 1966  February 4, 1970 | |
| Appointed by | Ferdinand Marcos |
| Preceded by | Rufino Hechanova |
| Succeeded by | Cesar Virata |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Eduardo Zialcita Romualdez
(1909-11-22)November 22, 1909
Tolosa, Leyte, Philippine Islands |
| Died | July 19, 2001(2001-07-19) (aged 91) |
| Nationality | Filipino |
| Spouse | Concepcion Veloso |
| Relations | Daniel Z. Romualdez (brother) |
| Children | 4 |
| Alma mater | University of the Philippines
University of Santo Tomas
Georgetown University |
|  | |


title: Chimnabai I

abstract: Maharani Chimnabai I was a queen and the first wife of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of the princely state of Baroda, British India. Several memorials were built by Sayajirao following her early death.

text:
# Chimnabai I

Maharani **Chimnabai I** (1864  7 May 1885) was a queen and the first wife of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of the princely state of Baroda (now in Gujarat), British India. Several memorials were built by Sayajirao following her early death.

## Biography

Chimnabai was born Lakshmibai in a Maratha family to her parents Shrimant Sardar Haibat Rao Sahib Chavan Mohite and Nagamma Bai Sahib Mohite in 1864. Her father was Amirrao of Tanjore and known as Daji Sahib. Her mother was a daughter of Sri Abaji Rao Ghatge, Serjirao, of Tanjore. Lakshmibai, along with her two sisters, were adopted by princess Vijaya Mohana (1845–1885) who was the daughter of Sivaji, the last Maharaja of Tanjore. There is not much details about her life. She was educated at the Tanjore Fort. She had training in Sadir Attam dance and she played veena. As a dowry, a Sadir Attam dance troupe was sent with her to Baroda which introduced the dance form there.

She changed her name to Chimnabai I when she married Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda State on 6 January 1880. They had two daughters and a son. Both of their daughters; Bajubai (1881–1883) and Putlabai (1882–1885); died at an early age.

The foundation stone of the present royal residence of the Gaekwad family was laid by Sayajirao and Chimnabai. The palace is named Lakshmi Vilas Palace after her birth name Lakshmi.

She died on 7 May 1885 of pregnancy related complications. After the birth of Fatehsingh Rao (b.1883), she died due to pregnancy related complications. According to *Hirschfeld J.*, she died from tuberculosis.

## Memorials

> "I wish to commemorate the virtues of Her Late Highness and the admiration I entertained for her-the mild, charitable, amiable woman, the devoted mother and loving wife."

—Words by Sayajirao Gaekwad III as he laid the foundation stone for ‘The Maharani Chimnabai Market’ in memory of his queen.

Sayajirao Gaekwad III built the clock tower at Raopura area of Vadodara and named it as Chimnabai Clock Tower (1896) in her memory.

A vegetable market near Sursagar Lake was built and named 'The Maharani Chimnabai Market', which was later used as a town hall. The building was then converted in an imperial court named Maharani Chimnabai Nyay Mandir. A white marble statue of the queen is placed in the main room of the Nyay Mandir.

As Chimnabai had died due to pregnancy-related complications, a hospital was built in 1885 in Baroda by Sayajirao for the well-being and safe delivery of other women of the state. The hospital was named Dufferin Hospital as it was inaugurated by Lord Dufferin, the then governor of the Bombay Presidency. At present, the hospital is known as Sir Sayajirao General Hospital.

A lake was constructed by Sayajirao in Kadarpur village near Kheralu in memory of Chimnabai I and named Chimnabai Lake. The construction was started in 1898 and completed in 1905. It has a water storage capacity of 632 million cubic feet.

The girl students who have excelled in medical education at the Baroda Medical College are honoured with the prize named after Chimnabai I.

A white marble statue of Chimnabai I is placed in the Baroda Museum & Picture Gallery.

### Sources

## InfoBox

| Chimnabai I | |
| --- | --- |
| Full-length portrait as Princess Srimant Lakshmibai | |
| Maharani of Baroda | |
| Tenure | 1880–1885 |
| Successor | Chimnabai II |
|  | |
| Born | Lakshmibai Mohite
1864 (1864)
Tanjore |
| Died | 7 May 1885(1885-05-07) (aged 20–21)
Baroda |
| Spouse | Sayajirao Gaekwad III  (m. 1880) |
| Issue | * Bajubai (1881–1883) * Putlabai (1882–1885) * Fatehsingh Rao (1883–1908) |
| House | Gaekwad |
| Father | Shrimant Sardar Haibat Rao Sahib Chavan Mohite |
| Mother | Nagamma Bai Sahib Mohite |
| Religion | Hinduism |


title: Duane H. Cooper

abstract:
Duane H. Cooper was a physicist, who made early investigations regarding the intricate geometry of the phonograph stylus-groove interface. He earned a Bachelor of Science and Ph.D. degree with honors in physics in 1950 and 1955 from the California Institute of Technology. In 1954, Dr Cooper joined the Coordinated Sciences Laboratory at the University of Illinois, where
he became a research professor. He developed a unified treatment of phonograph tracking and tracing distortion by utilizing a skew transformation. In the late 1960s and early 70s, Dr Cooper contributed significantly to the theory of surround sound
multi-channel stereo. Dr Cooper served as president of the Audio Engineering Society (AES) from 1975-1976. He was named an AES Fellow in 1966, and received the AES Silver and Gold Medals.

text:
# Duane H. Cooper

**Duane H. Cooper** (August 21, 1923 in Gibson City, Illinois – April 4, 1995) was a physicist, who made early investigations regarding the intricate geometry of the phonograph stylus-groove interface.

He earned a Bachelor of Science and Ph.D. degree with honors in physics in 1950 and 1955 from the California Institute of Technology.

In 1954, Dr Cooper joined the Coordinated Sciences Laboratory at the University of Illinois, where he became a research professor. He developed a unified treatment of phonograph tracking and tracing distortion by utilizing a skew transformation. In the late 1960s and early 70s, Dr Cooper contributed significantly to the theory of surround sound multi-channel stereo.

Dr Cooper served as president of the Audio Engineering Society (AES) from 1975-1976. He was named an AES Fellow in 1966, and received the AES Silver and Gold Medals.


title: Break the News to Mother

abstract:
"Break the News to Mother" is a war song first released in 1897. The song was popular during the Spanish–American War, and re-released during World War I. It is sometimes erroneously believed to be an American Civil War song. Charles "Chas" K. Harris wrote the lyrics and composed the music. The song was originally published by Harris in New York, New York. Originally Harris wrote the song about a fireman. After the USS Maine explosion in Havana Harbor in 1898, Harris rewrote it with a soldier in place of a fireman. The song tells the story of a young soldier who is fatally shot while saving his company's fallen flag. The General, who initially praises the soldier for his brave deed, realizes he is, in fact, his own son. The chorus is the soldier's dying wishes, and is as follows:
  - "Just break the news to mother,
  - she knows how dear I love her
  - And tell her not to wait for me
  - For, I'm not coming home;
  - Just say there is no other
  - can take the place of mother
  - Then kiss her dear,
  - sweet lips for me,
  - and break the news to her." The sheet music can be found at Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

text:
# Break the News to Mother

**"Break the News to Mother"** is a war song first released in 1897. The song was popular during the Spanish–American War, and re-released during World War I. It is sometimes erroneously believed to be an American Civil War song. Charles "Chas" K. Harris wrote the lyrics and composed the music. The song was originally published by Harris in New York, New York.

Originally Harris wrote the song about a fireman. After the USS *Maine* explosion in Havana Harbor in 1898, Harris rewrote it with a soldier in place of a fireman.

The song tells the story of a young soldier who is fatally shot while saving his company's fallen flag. The General, who initially praises the soldier for his brave deed, realizes he is, in fact, his own son. The chorus is the soldier's dying wishes, and is as follows:

*"Just break the news to mother,* *she knows how dear I love her* *And tell her not to wait for me* *For, I'm not coming home;* *Just say there is no other* *can take the place of mother* *Then kiss her dear,* *sweet lips for me,* *and break the news to her."*

The sheet music can be found at Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

## 1897 version

The cover of the 1897 version features three different drawings: one depicts soldiers entering the war; the next shows a fallen soldier; the final is that of a soldier telling a distraught woman the news. Also on the bottom of the cover is a drawing of the battle scene in which the soldier saving the flag, is shot. The American flag is in the background. Along with the drawings, the cover also features a picture on the right-hand side, which varies version to version. One cover has a photograph of a couple. Another version has a photograph of Attie Spence. A man's profile is featured in another cover.

This version was arranged by Joseph Clauder.

## 1916 version

The 1916 sheet music cover features a picture of a group of soldiers aiding a fallen soldier. The photo is framed inside of a snare drum. The cover was designed by the Starmer Brothers. It was written for both voice and piano.

## 1917 version

The vocal group, Shannon Four, recorded a version of *Break the News to Mother* in Camden, New Jersey on July 31, 1917. It was published by Victor Records.

## Recordings

It was recorded by J. W. Meyer in 1904, by Henry Burr, and the Shannon Four in 1917.

## InfoBox

| "Break the News to Mother" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Song | |
| Released | 1897 |
| Songwriter(s) | Charles K. Harris |