title: Rob Murphy

abstract: Robert Albert Murphy is an American former professional baseball player who was a relief pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1985 to 1995. Murphy played college baseball for the University of Florida, and was picked by the Cincinnati Reds in the first round of the 1981 amateur draft. In addition to the Cincinnati Reds, he played for the Boston Red Sox, Seattle Mariners, Houston Astros, St. Louis Cardinals, New York Yankees, Los Angeles Dodgers and Florida Marlins.

text:
# Rob Murphy

**Robert Albert Murphy** (born May 26, 1960) is an American former professional baseball player who was a relief pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1985 to 1995. Murphy played college baseball for the University of Florida, and was picked by the Cincinnati Reds in the first round (3rd pick) of the 1981 amateur draft (January Secondary). In addition to the Cincinnati Reds, he played for the Boston Red Sox, Seattle Mariners, Houston Astros, St. Louis Cardinals, New York Yankees, Los Angeles Dodgers and Florida Marlins.

## Early years

Murphy was born in Miami, Florida. He attended Christopher Columbus High School in Miami from 1974 to 1978. He pitched for the varsity baseball team in 1977 and 1978. The 1977 team won the District championship with his 4-hit shutout.

He garnered many awards, including pre-season 1st team All American, 1st team All City, and 1st team All Catholic. Murphy's American Legion team Post 133, won its District Championship in 1976 with Murphy's 11 strikeout performance. After setting school records for most wins (17) and strikeouts (207), he was drafted by the Milwaukee Brewers in the 29th round in the now discontinued January draft.

Murphy earned many accolades playing on the football field. For the CCHS Explorers' football team, Murphy was named to the 1976 All Catholic team, and 3rd team All County Team. In 1977, he was first-team All-Catholic, and second-team All-Dade County. By the time Murphy put away his kicking tee, he was Columbus High's All-time leading scorer on the gridiron.

Murphy was the first baseball player inducted into CCHS Baseball Diamond Hall of Fame, along with Louisiana State baseball coach Paul Mainieri, and former Chicago Cubs general manager Jim Hendry. In 2009, Murphy was inducted into CCHS General Hall of Fame.

## College career

Instead of pursuing professional baseball, Murphy accepted an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, where he played for the Gators and advanced his computer science knowledge. As a freshman, Murphy led the Gators in ERA (2.53), and was named the Rookie of the Year. During his sophomore year, Murphy's 3-hit shutout over Tennessee secured the Gators' second consecutive SEC Eastern Division title, while also becoming the first Gator baseball team to win 40 regular season games. His career record was 6-3 while pitching in orange and blue. After his days in Gainesville, Murphy was drafted by Cincinnati Reds in the 1st round, as the third overall draft pick. He was only the 2nd Gator ever selected in the 1st round of the Major League draft.

## Professional career

Cincinnati Reds Minor League System 1981 - 1985
1981 - Collected 6 wins for the Florida State League Northern Division champions, Tampa Tarpons.
1983 - Led Cedar Rapids Reds in strikeouts on the way to being Central Division champs.
1984 - Led the Eastern League in saves and captured the win in the championship game for the Eastern League title. Murphy was named Vermont Reds' Fireman of the Year.
1985 - Led the Denver Zephyrs in ERA on their way to the Western Division title of the American Association.

### Cincinnati Reds

A hard fastball thrower with a sharp slider, Murphy had an disappointing debut by giving up a 400-foot home run to the first Major League hitter he faced, Mike Marshall. However, Murphy returned in his next outing with two shutout innings that suggested better things lie ahead.

In 1986, Rob brought all of his potential to the mound in what was an amazing season. His final ERA in 1986 was 0.72. In the history of Major League baseball, no pitcher who had pitched 50 innings or more had an ERA lower than Murphy’s. His ERA record still stands in the National League, and has only been lowered by the great Dennis Eckersley, Fernando Rodney and Zach Britton in the American League. That same season, his hits per nine inning ratio (4.65/9ip), had bested the previous National League records posted in 1972 and 1916. When Rob retired in 1995, that hits per inning ratio still stood atop the NL record book. In that memorable 1986 season, Murphy only gave up four doubles, and no triples or home runs. That stingy season led to a Slugging Percentage of .179. That figure crushed the almost 20-year-old record of Ted Abernathy. Murphy’s record stood for 17 years, and has only been surpassed by Eric Gagne and Craig Kimbrel.

In 1987, he followed with another superb year as the busiest left-handed reliever in major league history. His 87 relief appearances were the most ever by a lefty, as he pitched 100.2 innings and struck out 99 batters. As of 2013, 87 appearances is still the most by a Reds left-handed reliever.
1988 saw Murphy lead the National League with 76 games pitched while pitching 84+23 innings. In four years with the Reds, Murphy had held 72 of the 78 leads he had been tasked with holding, and had stranded 79% of the runners he inherited. After the season, he was traded to the Boston Red Sox.
Comparing Murphy with all Cincinnati Reds’ pitchers that had pitched at least 200 innings, Murphy had these rankings in these categories when he had concluded his career with Cincinnati:

| Category | Stat | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- |
| ERA | 2.60 | 15th |
| K/9 | 7.92 | 3rd |
| K/BB | 2.26 | 10th |
| H/9 | 7.09 | 3rd |
| SLG% | .306 | 2nd |
| Inh. Runners | 21% | 1st |

### Boston Red Sox

In his first year with the Red Sox, Murphy collected career-highs with nine saves and 105.0 innings pitched behind closer Lee Smith in the Boston bullpen. Murphy’s 74 appearances eclipsed the team’s record for games pitched by a left-hander. The previous record was held by Sparky Lyle. His 105 innings pitched was also the most by a Red Sox left hander, strictly in relief, and the last time a left-handed pitcher threw over 100 innings, strictly in relief, in the American League. By pitching over 100 relief innings in both the American and National Leagues, Murphy joined a very short list of lefties to accomplish this feat. Only Darold Knowles and Ron Perranoski had done this before, both in 1970. Rob was named the Red Sox Fireman of the Year (best reliever) by the Boston area Baseball Writers.

1990 saw Murphy set a record for consecutive errorless games at start of career (332), previous record (175). The Red Sox won the Eastern Division of the American League.

In 1992, Rob set a dubious record for consecutive games without a win (146).
Murphy also pitched for the Mariners, Cardinals, Yankees, Dodgers and Marlins, retiring at the end of the 1995 season.

In an eleven-season career, Murphy, compiled a 32–38 record with thirty saves and a 3.64 ERA in 597 games. At his retirement, he ranked eighteenth in the history of baseball for left-handed relief appearances, and had played longer in the Major Leagues than any player in University of Florida history.

## Life after baseball

A horse racing and thoroughbred enthusiast, Murphy has devised his own method for handicapping and breeding. Murphy's company, M375 Thoroughbreds, Inc., has bred, raised and raced such successful horses as Platinum Tiara, Swing and Miss, Diamond Studs, Strike Three and Golden Spikes.

Murphy has also been active in charity fund-raising his career. While with the Reds, he participated in several Muscular Dystrophy Association telethons in the Cincinnati area. In Boston, Murphy worked with the Red Sox in-house charities, the Jimmy Fund and the 65 Roses Foundation. He also participated in events benefiting the ALS Association. Back at home in Florida, Murphy has attended many Redbone Organization events to benefit Cystic Fibrosis. Murphy continues to share his experience and expertise with the youth of Martin County by coaching baseball and softball players of all ages.

## Bibliography

* Gary Gillette, Peter Gammons, Pete Palmer, *The ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia*, Sterling Publishing (2005). ISBN 1-4027-4771-3.

## InfoBox

| Rob Murphy | |
| --- | --- |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:**  (1960-05-26) May 26, 1960<br>Miami, Florida, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Left**Threw:** Left | |
| MLB debut | |
| September 13, 1985, for the Cincinnati Reds | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| July 22, 1995, for the Florida Marlins | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Win–loss record | 32–38 |
| Earned run average | 3.64 |
| Strikeouts | 520 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Tortuguilla Island

abstract: Tortuguilla Island is a small island in the Caribbean Sea off the northern coast of Colombia. It is located about 9 km from the mainland, at coordinates 09 ° 01'50 "N 76 ° 20'40" O. Administratively it belongs to the Córdoba department, in the municipality of Puerto Escondido.

text:
# Tortuguilla Island

**Tortuguilla Island** (**Isla Tortuguilla**) is a small island in the Caribbean Sea off the northern coast of Colombia. It is located about 9 km from the mainland, at coordinates 09 ° 01'50 "N 76 ° 20'40" O. Administratively it belongs to the Córdoba department, in the municipality of Puerto Escondido.

## Geography

Tortuguilla is a landmass subfossil coral terrace surrounded by a limestone platform about 10 feet deep that is home to numerous coral reefs.

9°01′50″N 76°20′40″W / 9.0306°N 76.3444°W / 9.0306; -76.3444


abstract:
The third federal electoral district of Tlaxcala (Distrito electoral federal 03 de Tlaxcala) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of three such districts in the state of Tlaxcala. It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period, by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in this district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region. Dissolved in 1930
and re-established in 1997, the district now occupies the southern portion of the state and its head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and collated, is the city of Zacatelco.

text:
# Third federal electoral district of Tlaxcala

The **third federal electoral district of Tlaxcala** *(Distrito electoral federal 03 de Tlaxcala)* is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of three such districts in the state of Tlaxcala.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period, by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in this district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.

Dissolved in 1930 and re-established in 1997, the district now occupies the southern portion of the state and its head town *(cabecera distrital)*, where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and collated, is the city of Zacatelco.

## Deputies returned to Congress

Third federal electoral district of Tlaxcala
| Election | Deputy | Party | Term | Legislature |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1916 | Ascención Tépal |  | 1916–1917 | Constituent Congress
of Querétaro |
| 1917 | Marcelo Portillo |  | 1917–1918 | 27th Congress |
| 1918 | Galindo Modesto González |  | 1918–1920 | 28th Congress |
| 1920 | Macario M. Hernández | PLCT | 1920–1922 | 29th Congress |
| 1922 | Macario M. Hernández |  | 1922–1924 | 30th Congress |
| 1924 | Eduardo Fernández de Lara |  | 1924–1926 | 31st Congress |
| 1926 | Inés Aguilar |  | 1926–1928 | 32nd Congress |
| 1928 | Mauro Angulo |  | 1928–1930 | 33rd Congress |
| *The 3rd district was suspended between 1930 and 1997* | | | | |
| 1997 | Martha Palafox Gutiérrez |  | 1997–2000 | 57th Congress |
| 2000 | Albino Mendieta Cuapio |  | 2000–2003 | 58th Congress |
| 2003 | Federico Barbosa Gutiérrez |  | 2003–2006 | 59th Congress |
| 2006 | Alberto Amaro Corona |  | 2006–2009 | 60th Congress |
| 2009 | Perla López Loyo |  | 2009–2012 | 61st Congress |
| 2012 | Edilberto Algredo Jaramillo |  | 2012–2015 | 62nd Congress |
| 2015 | Ricardo David García Portilla |  | 2015–2018 | 63rd Congress |
| 2018 | Lorena Cuéllar Cisneros
Claudia Pérez Rodríguez |  | 2018
2018–2021 | 64th Congress |
| 2021 | Carlos Augusto Pérez Hernández |  | 2021–2024 | 65th Congress |
| 2024 | Irma Yordana Garay Loredo |  | 2024–2027 | 66th Congress |

1. "How Mexico Elects Its Leaders — The Rules". *Mexico Solidarity Project*. 31 January 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
2. "Circunscripciones" (PDF). *ayuda.ine.mx*. Instituto Nacional Electoral. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
3. "Diario Oficial de la Federación, 20 de agosto de 1928" (PDF). *Diario Oficial de la Federación*. 20 August 1928. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
4. "Artículo 52, reformas" (PDF). Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
5. Godoy, Luis. "Reelección en la Cámara de Diputados, 1917–1934" (PDF). Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
6. "Memoria de la Distritación Nacional 2021-2023" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral. p. 269. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
7. "Lista de Diputados al Congreso Constituyente 1916–1917" (PDF). *Constitución de 1917: Multimedia*. Secretaría de Cultura. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
8. "Ascención Tépal". *Constitución 1917*. Secretaría de Cultura. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
9. "Legislatura 27" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
10. "Legislatura 28" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
11. "Legislatura 29" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
12. "Legislatura 30" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
13. "Legislatura 31" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
14. "Legislatura 32" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
15. "Legislatura 33" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
16. "Perfil: Dip. Martha Palafox Gutiérrez, LVII Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
17. "Perfil: Dip. Albino Mendieta Cuapio, LVIII Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
18. "Perfil: Dip. Federico Barbosa Gutiérrez, LIX Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
19. "Perfil: Dip. Alberto Amaro Corona, LX Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
20. "Perfil: Dip. María Elena Perla López Loyo, LXI Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
21. "Perfil: Dip. Edilberto Algredo Jaramillo, LXII Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
22. "Perfil: Dip. Ricardo David García Portilla, LXIII Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
23. "Tlaxcala Distrito 3. Zacatelco". *Cómputos Distritales 20218*. INE. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
24. "Perfil: Dip. Lorena Cuéllar Cisneros, LXIV Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
25. Protesta de Claudia Pérez Rodríguez (Morena) en sustitución de la Dip. Lorena Cuéllar Cisneros (Morena)
26. "Perfil: Dip. Claudia Pérez Rodríguez, LXIV Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
27. "Tlaxcala Distrito 3. Zacatelco". *Cómputos Distritales 2021*. INE. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
28. "Perfil: Dip. Carlos Augusto Pérez Hernández, LXV Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
29. "Tlaxcala Distrito 3. Zacatelco". *Cómputos Distritales 2024*. INE. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
30. "Perfil: Dip. Irma Yordana Garay Loredo, LXVI Legislatura". *Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL)*. SEGOB. Retrieved 3 September 2024.

19°13′N 98°14′W / 19.217°N 98.233°W / 19.217; -98.233

## InfoBox

| National parties | |
| --- | --- |
| ***Current*** | |
|  | PAN |
|  | PRI |
|  | PT |
|  | PVEM |
|  | MC |
|  | Morena |
| ***Defunct or local only*** | |
|  | PLM |
|  | PNR |
|  | PRM |
|  | PP |
|  | PPS |
|  | PARM |
|  | PFCRN |
|  | Convergencia |
|  | PANAL |
|  | PSD |
|  | PES |
|  | PRD |


title: Riku Pitkänen

abstract: Riku Pitkänen is a Finnish ice hockey forward currently playing for Rødovre Mighty Bulls of the Danish Metal Ligaen.

text:
# Riku Pitkänen

**Riku Pitkänen** (born 18 July 1991) is a Finnish ice hockey forward currently playing for Rødovre Mighty Bulls of the Danish Metal Ligaen.

## InfoBox

| Riku Pitkänen | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Born | (1991-07-18) 18 July 1991
Suolahti, Finland | | |
| Height | 186 cm (6 ft 1 in) | | |
| Weight | 88 kg (194 lb; 13 st 12 lb) | | |
| Position | Forward | | |
| Shoots | Right | | |
| ML team
Former teams | *Rødovre Mighty Bulls*
Lukko
Herning Blue Fox | | |
| Playing career | 2012present | | |


title: Roshi Rural Municipality

abstract: Roshi is a Rural municipality located within the Kavrepalanchowk District of the Bagmati Province of Nepal. The municipality spans 176 square kilometres (68 sq mi) of area, with a total population of 28,746 according to a 2011 Nepal census. On March 10, 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured the local level bodies into 753 new local level structures. The previous Khahare Pangu, Sikhar Ambote, Mahadevtar, Shishakhani, Sipali Chilaune Katunje Besi, Kharpachok, Mangaltar, Walting and Bhimkhori VDCs were merged to form Roshi Rural Municipality. Roshi is divided into 12 wards, with Katunje Besi declared the administrative center of the rural municipality.

text:
# Roshi Rural Municipality

**Roshi** is a Rural municipality located within the Kavrepalanchowk District of the Bagmati Province of Nepal. The municipality spans 176 square kilometres (68 sq mi) of area, with a total population of 28,746 according to a 2011 Nepal census.

On March 10, 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured the local level bodies into 753 new local level structures. The previous Khahare Pangu, Sikhar Ambote, Mahadevtar, Shishakhani, Sipali Chilaune Katunje Besi, Kharpachok, Mangaltar, Walting and Bhimkhori VDCs were merged to form Roshi Rural Municipality. Roshi is divided into 12 wards, with Katunje Besi declared the administrative center of the rural municipality.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Roshi Rural Municipality had a population of 28,760. Of these, 59.1% spoke Tamang, 32.4% Nepali, 4.6% Magar, 3.4% Newar, 0.1% Maithili and 0.1% other languages as their first language.

In terms of ethnicity/caste, 59.4% were Tamang, 12.9% Magar, 6.4% Chhetri, 5.3% Hill Brahmin, 4.6% Newar, 4.3% Thakuri, 3.3% Kami, 0.9% other Dalit, 0.9% Gharti/Bhujel, 0.7% Damai/Dholi, 0.3% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.3% Sarki, 0.2% Hayu, 0.1% Badi, 0.1% Limbu, 0.1% Pahari, 0.1% Tharu and 0.2% others.

In terms of literacy, 64.2% could read and write, 3.0% could only read and 32.6% could neither read nor write.

## InfoBox

| Roshi (RM) रोशी गाउँपालिका | |
| --- | --- |
| Rural Municipality | |
| Roshi (RM)LocationRoshi (RM)Roshi (RM) (Nepal) | |
| Coordinates: 27°31′N 85°53′E / 27.52°N 85.89°E / 27.52; 85.89 | |
| Country | Nepal |
| Province | Bagmati |
| District | Kavrepalanchowk |
| Wards | 12 |
| Established | 10 March 2017 |
| Government | |
| Type | Rural Council |
| Chairperson | Mr. D.B. Lama |
| Vice-chairperson | Mrs. Laxmi Ureti |
| Area | |
| Total | 176 km2 (68 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 28,746 |
| Density | 160/km2 (420/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+5:45 (Nepal Standard Time) |
| Headquarter | Katunje Besi |
| Website | roshimun.gov.np |


title: Prakash Chik Baraik

abstract: Prakash Baraik is an Indian politician belonging to the Trinamool Congress. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha the upper house of the Indian Parliament unopposed from West Bengal.

text:
# Prakash Chik Baraik

**Prakash Baraik** is an Indian politician belonging to the Trinamool Congress. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha the upper house of the Indian Parliament unopposed from West Bengal.

## InfoBox

| Prakash Baraik | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office** <br>19 August 2023 | |
| Constituency | West Bengal |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Trinamool Congress |
|  | |


title: Soso–Jalonke languages

abstract: The Soso–Jalonke languages, Susu and Yalunka, form a branch of the Mande languages spoken in an area centered on Guinea

text:
# Soso–Jalonke languages

The **Soso–Jalonke languages**, Susu and Yalunka, form a branch of the Mande languages spoken in an area centered on Guinea

## InfoBox

| Soso–Jalonke | |
| --- | --- |
| Susu–Yalunka | |
| Geographic<br>distribution | Guinea and environs |
| Linguistic classification | Niger–Congo* Mande     + Western Mande         - **Soso–Jalonke** |
| Subdivisions |  |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | ``susu1249`` |


title: Clube Atlético Aliança

abstract: Clube Atlético Aliança, commonly referred to as Aliança, was a Brazilian football club based in Santana, Amapá. Founded in 1995, it last competed in the 2003 Campeonato Amapaense before folding in 2008 due to continuing financial constraints.

text:
# Clube Atlético Aliança

**Clube Atlético Aliança**, commonly referred to as **Aliança**, was a Brazilian football club based in Santana, Amapá. Founded in 1995, it last competed in the 2003 Campeonato Amapaense before folding in 2008 due to continuing financial constraints.

## History

The club was founded on 15 November 1995. Aliança won the Campeonato Amapaense in 1998, and finished as runners-up in 1999, losing the competition to Ypiranga.

## Honours

## Stadium

Clube Atlético Aliança played their home games at Estádio Antônio Villela, nicknamed *Vilelão*. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 3,000 people.

## InfoBox

Aliança
| Full name | Clube Atlético Aliança |
| --- | --- |
| Nickname(s) | *Galo Santanense* |
| Founded | 15 November 1995 (1995-11-15) |
| Dissolved | 2008 (2008) |
| Ground | Zerão |
| Capacity | 13,680 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Rosana Simón

abstract: Rosana Simón Álamo is a female taekwondo practitioner from Spain. She won the gold medal in the heavyweight division (+73 kg) at the 2009 World Taekwondo Championships in Copenhagen, Denmark. In the gold medal match, Simón beat Liu Rui of China 6–4, landing a game-leading 3-point kick to the head against the Chinese opponent and knocking her down with 15 seconds left in the final round.

text:
# Rosana Simón

**Rosana Simón Álamo**  (born 11 July 1989) is a female taekwondo practitioner from Spain.

She won the gold medal in the heavyweight division (+73 kg) at the 2009 World Taekwondo Championships in Copenhagen, Denmark. In the gold medal match, Simón beat Liu Rui of China 6–4, landing a game-leading 3-point kick to the head against the Chinese opponent and knocking her down with 15 seconds left in the final round.

## InfoBox

Rosana Simón
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Rosana Simón Álamo |
| Born | (1989-07-11) 11 July 1989<br>Los Llanos de Aridane, Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands |
| Height | 180 cm (71 in) |
| Weight | 74 kg (163 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Taekwondo |
| Medal record      Representing  Spain  Women's taekwondo  World Championships  2009 Copenhagen Heavyweight  2011 Gyeongju Heavyweight  European Championships  2010 Saint Petersburg Heavyweight  2006 Bonn  Heavyweight  Mediterranean Games  2013 Mersin +67 kg  Summer Universiade  2015 Gwangju Women's +73kg | |


abstract: The 1996–97 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the 27th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship began on 22 September 1996 and ended on 17 March 1997. Sixmilebridge were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being defeated in the Clare Senior Championship. On 17 March 1996, Athenry won the championship after a 0–14 to 1–08 defeat of Wolfe Tones in the All-Ireland final at Croke Park. It was their first ever championship title. Ballygunner's Paul Flynn was the championship's top scorer with 3-21.

text:
# 1996–97 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship

The **1996–97 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship** was the 27th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship began on 22 September 1996 and ended on 17 March 1997.

Sixmilebridge were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being defeated in the Clare Senior Championship.

On 17 March 1996, Athenry won the championship after a 0–14 to 1–08 defeat of Wolfe Tones in the All-Ireland final at Croke Park. It was their first ever championship title.

Ballygunner's Paul Flynn was the championship's top scorer with 3-21.

## Results

### Connacht Senior Club Hurling Championship

**First round**

| 5 October 1996 First round | **Tubbercurry** | **2-13 - 2-12** | **Gortletteragh** | Gortletteragh |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | P Seevers 1-9, B Burke 1-1, K Walsh 0-2, D Killoran 0-1. |  | T McLoughlin 0-7, S Duignan 1-1, S Mallon 1-0, T Ward 0-1, |  |

**Quarter-final**

| 19 October 1996 Quarter-final | **Ballina Stephenites** | **1-08 - 2-06** | **Tubbercurry** | James Stephens Park, Ballina |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | N McLoughlin 0-4, J Regan 1-0, K Commons 0-3, K Guthrie 0-1. |  | P Seevers 0-5, B Walsh 1-1, D Killoran 1-0. |  |

**Semi-final**

| 2 November 1996 Semi-final | **Tubbercurry** | **0-06 - 6-15** | **Four Roads** | Markievicz Park, Sligo |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | P Seevers 0-6. |  | R Mulry 2-1, A Lalwor 2-1, M Cunniffe 1-4, J Mannion 0-4, O Lohan 1-0, S Coyle 0-2, G Coyle 0-1, F Grehan 0-1, B Mannion 0-1. |  |

**Final**

| 8 December 1996 Final | **Four Roads** | **1-08 - 1-15** | **Athenry** | Ballyforan |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | M Cunniffe 0-4, D Lohan 1-0, J Mannion 0-3, R Mulry 0-1. |  | C Moran 0-6, P Higgins 1-2, B Keogh 0-3, B Hanley 0-2, A Poniard 0-1, D Moran 0-1. |  |

### Leinster Senior Club Hurling Championship

**Preliminary round**

| 29 September 1996 Preliminary round | **Wolfe Tones (Louth)** | **1-03 - 1-03** | **Wolfe Tones (Longford)** | Drogheda Park, Drogheda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | T Crocoran 1-2, A Carter 0-1. |  | J Lynn 1-3. |  |

| 6 October 1996 Preliminary round replay | **Wolfe Tones (Longford)** | **1-07 - 3-11** | **Wolfe Tones (Louth)** | Micahel Fay Park, Longford |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Lynn 1-4, W Browne 0-1, B Connell 0-1, J Gilchrist 0-1. |  | O Kelly 0-6, A Carter 1-1, D McCarthy 1-0, M Reynolds 1-0, E Downey 0-2, N McEnaney 0-1, T Corcoran 0-1. |  |

**First round**

| 13 October 1996 First round | **Naomh Bríd** | **0-09 - 1-01** | **Glenealy** | Dr. Cullen Park, Carlow |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Kavanagh 0-4, J Nevin 0-2, D Quirke 0-1, B Maher 0-1, R Sheehan 0-1. |  | T Byrne 1-0, J O'Neill 0-1. | Referee: P Direen (Offaly) |

| 13 October 1996 First round | **Wolfe Tones (Louth)** | **2-06 - 2-07** | **Trim** | Drogheda Park, Drogheda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 19 October 1996 First round | **Lough Lene Gaels** | **0-16 - 1-11** | **Coill Dubh** | Collinstown |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | B Williams 0-7, F O'Farrell 0-3, J Williams 0-2, P Williams 0-1, J Gavigan 0-1, P Reilly 0-1, P Molloy 0-1. |  | T Carew 0-5, D Anderson 1-0, C Byrne 0-3, N Casey 0-2, R Byrne 0-1. |  |

**Quarter-finals**

| 27 October 1996 Quarter-final | **Trim** | **0-04 - 1-24** | **Seir Kieran** | St. Loman's Park, Trim |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | D Murray 0-3, R Fitzsimons 0-1. |  | Johnny Dooley 0-9, M Coughlan 0-5, B Dooley 1-1, J Coakley 0-3, C Kelly 0-2, J Connors 0-2, S Dooley 0-1, Joe Dooley 0-1. | Referee: A Mac Suibhne (Dublin) |

| 27 October 1996 Quarter-final | **Camross** | **1-17 - 0-08** | **Lough Lene Gaels** | St. Fintan's GAA Grounds, Mountrath |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Dollard 0-7, D Culleton 1-2, O Dowling 0-3, R Cuddy 0-2, P Hogan 0-1, M Collier 0-1, B Moore 0-1. |  | B Williams 0-3, J Gavigan 0-2, P Williams 0-1, M Shaw 0-1, J Williams 0-1. | Referee: L Doyle (Wexford) |

| 27 October 1996 Quarter-final | **Naomh Bríd** | **1-10 - 3-17** | **O'Toole's** | Dr. Cullen Park, Carlow |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Kavanagh 0-4, A Dowling 1-0, J Nevin 0-2, J Fitzpatrick 0-1, B Lawler 0-1, N Kane 0-1. |  | J Brennan 0-11, P Donoghue 2-0, K Flynn 1-0, J Morris 0-2, M Dunne 0-2, E Morrissey 0-2. | Referee: P Dunphy (Kilkenny) |

| 3 November 1996 Quarter-final | **Rathnure** | **2-09 - 0-10** | **Young Irelands** | Nowlan Park, Kilkenny |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | P Codd 1-2, M Morrissey 1-1, J Codd 0-2, C Byrne 0-1, M Byrne 0-1, R Guiney 0-1, A Codd 0-1. |  | J McDermott 0-3, C Carter 0-3, B Treacy 0-2, DJ Carey 0-2. | Referee: P Delaney (Laois) |

**Semi-finals**

| 10 November 1996 Semi-final | **Camross** | **2-06 - 0-10** | **Rathnure** | Nowlan Park, Kilkenny |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | M Collier 1-1, G Danne 1-0, J Dollard 0-3, O Dowling 0-1, PJ Cuddy 0-1. |  | J Holohan 0-3, J Mooney 0-2, M Byrne 0-2, P Codd 0-2, A Codd 0-1. |  |

| 10 November 1996 Semi-final | **Seir Kieran** | **3-10 - 1-16** | **O'Toole's** | O'Moore Park, Portlaoise |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Johnny Dooley 1-7, M Mulrooeny 1-0, J Connors 1-0, K Dooley 0-1, N Coughlan 0-1, K Kelly 0-1. |  | M Morrissey 1-6, J Brennan 0-6, M Dunne 0-1, K Flynn 0-1, P Benoughue 0-1, N Hearns 0-1. |  |

| 16 November 1996 Semi-final replay | **Seir Kieran** | **2-09 - 0-18** | **O'Toole's** | O'Moore Park, Portlaoise |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | M Mulrooney 1-1, B Dooley 1-0, J Kealy 0-3, J Coakley 0-2, Joe Dooley 0-1, M Coughlan 0-1, K Dooley 0-1. |  | J Brennan 0-9, E Morrissey 0-5, S Kearns 0-2, M Healy 0-1, P Donoghue 0-1. | Referee: P Ahearne (Carlow) |

**Final**

| 1 December 1996 Final | **Camross** | **1-12 - 2-05** | **O'Toole's** | Nowlan Park, Kilkenny |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | J Dollard 0-7, PJ Cuddy 1-1, D Culleton 0-2, F Dowling 0-1, M Collier 0-1. |  | D Morris 1-0, N Howard 1-0, E Morrissey 0-2, J Brennan 0-2, P Donoghue 0-1. | Referee: D Murphy (Wexford) |

### Munster Senior Club Hurling Championship

**Quarter-finals**

| 12 October 1996 Quarter-final | **Ballygunner** | **1-18 - 0-11** | **Na Piarsaigh** | Walsh Park, Waterford |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | P Flynn 1-12, M Mahony 0-2, D O'Sullivan 0-1, T Carroll 0-1, L Whitty 0-1, B O'Sullivan 0-1. |  | Mark Mullins 0-7, Mickey Mullins 0-2, J. A. Moran 0-2. | Referee: W Barrett (Tipperary) |

| 13 October 1996 Quarter-final | **Ballyheigue** | **2-07 - 1-12** | **Wolfe Tones** | John Joe O'Sullivan Park, Ballyheigue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | B O'Sullivan 1-3, J Healy 1-1, M Slattery 0-2, L O'Mahony 0-1. |  | Paul O'Rourke 1-2, P Keary 0-5, F Lohan 0-2, B Lohan 0-1, J Riordan 0-1, C O'Neill 0-1. | Referee: G Harrington (Cork) |

**Semi-finals**

| 10 November 1996 Semi-final | **Boherlahan-Dualla** | **1-13 - 2-16** | **Ballygunner** | Semple Stadium, Thurles |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | A Flanagan 0-9, P O'Dwyer 1-0, B O'Dwyer 0-2, M Murphy 0-1, L Maher 0-1. |  | M Mahony 1-3, P Flynn 0-5, D Codd 1-0, B O'Sullivan 0-3, T Carroll 0-2, L Whitty 0-1, F Hartley 0-1, P Power 0-1. | Referee: P O'Connor (Limerick) |

| 10 November 1996 Semi-final | **Wolfe Tones** | **1-11 - 0-09** | **Patrickswell** | Páirc na Sionna, Shannon |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Paul O'Rourke 0-4, C O'Neill 1-0, P Keary 0-3, P Lee 0-3, Pat O'Rourke 0-1. |  | G Kirby 0-5, E Geary 0-2, A Carmody 0-1, N Carey 0-1. | Referee: W Barrett (Tipperary) |

**Final**

| 24 November 1996 Final | **Wolfe Tones** | **4-09 - 4-08** | **Ballygunner** | Semple Stadium, Thurles |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Paul O'Rourke 2-4, P Lee 1-2, F Carrig 1-1, P Keary 0-2. | Full video of match | P Flynn 2-4, P Power 1-1, G Ryan 1-1, B O'Sullivan 0-2. | Referee: P O'Connor (Limerick) |

### Ulster Senior Club Hurling Championship

**Semi-finals**

| 22 September 1996 Semi-final | **Keady Lámh Dhearg** | **1-07 - 5-09** | **Portaferry** | Keady |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 22 September 1996 Semi-final | **Ruairí Óg Cushendall** | **2-15 - 1-07** | **Kevin Lynch's** | Fr. Healy Park, Loughguile |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

**Final**

| 27 October 1996 Final | **Ruairí Óg Cushendall** | **3-09 - 2-08** | **Portaferry** | Casement Park, Belfast |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

### All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship

**Quarter-final**

| 15 December 1996 Quarter-final | **St. Gabriel's** | **1-08 - 3-15** | **Athenry** | Emerald GAA Grounds, Ruislip |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | M Lyons 0-4, B Hayes 1-0, D Quinlan 0-3, K Grogan 0-1. |  | P Healy 2-1, B Hanley 1-3, C Moran 0-6, A Ponirad 0-2, J Rabbitte 0-2, B Keogh 0-1. |  |

**Semi-finals**

| 16 February 1997 Semi-final | **Wolfe Tones** | **2-08 - 1-10** | **Ruairí Óg** | Parnell Park, Dublin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | P Keary 1-2, D Collins 1-0, P O'Rourke 0-2, F Lohan 0-1, P O'Rourke 0-1, F Carrig 0-1, P Lee 0-1. |  | C McCambridge 1-4, A Delargy 0-2, C McCambridge 0-1, M McCambridge 0-1, J Carson 0-1, R McNaughton 0-1. | Referee: D Murphy (Wexford) |

| 16 February 1997 Semi-final | **Athenry** | **4-17 - 3-03** | **Camross** | Semple Stadium, Thurles |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | E Cloonan 1-9, D Moran 2-2, B Hanley 1-2, J Rabbitte 0-2, C Moran 0-2. |  | J Dollard 1-2, O Dowling 1-1, D Culleton 1-0. | Referee: M Wadding (Waterford) |

**Final**

| 17 March 1997 Final | **Athenry** | **0-14 - 1-08** | **Wolfe Tones** | Croke Park, Dublin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | E Cloonan 0-9, B Higgins 0-1, P Higgins 0-1, C Moran 0-1, P Healy 0-1, A Poniard 0-1. | Report | P Keary 0-5, D Collins 1-0, P Lee 0-1, F Carrig 0-1, F Lohan 0-1. | Attendance: 34,852<br>Referee: D Murphy (Wexford) |

## Championship statistics

### Top scorers

Overall

| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Matches | Average |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Paul Flynn | Ballygunner | 3-21 | 30 | 3 | 10.00 |
| 2 | Jamesie Brennan | O'Toooles | 0-27 | 27 | 3 | 9.00 |
| 3 | Johnny Dooley | Seir Kieran | 2-16 | 22 | 3 | 7.33 |
| | Paul Seevers | Tubbercurry | 1-19 | 22 | 3 | 7.33 |
| | Joe Dollard | Camross | 1-19 | 22 | 4 | 5.50 |
| 4 | Paul O'Rourke | Wolfe Tones | 3-12 | 21 | 5 | 4.20 |
| | Eugene Cloonan | Athenry | 1-18 | 21 | 2 | 10.50 |
| 5 | Paul Keary | Wolfe Tones | 1-17 | 20 | 5 | 4.00 |

## InfoBox

All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship 1996–97
| Championship Details | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 22 September 1996 – 17 March 1997 |
| Teams | 28 |
| All Ireland Champions | |
| Winners | Athenry (1st win) |
| Captain | Brian Feeney |
| All Ireland Runners-up | |
| Runners-up | Wolfe Tones na Sionna |
| Captain | Brian Lohan |
| Provincial Champions | |
| Munster | Wolfe Tones na Sionna |
| Leinster | Camross |
| Ulster | Ruairí Óg |
| Connacht | Athenry |
| Championship Statistics | |
| Top Scorer | Paul Flynn (3-21) |
| 1995–96  1997–98 | |


title: Climate change in Uganda

text:
# Climate change in Uganda

The effects of climate change in Uganda are increasingly severe, affecting the lives of the country's citizens and its environment. It has led to extreme weather events such as unpredictable, prolonged drought and rainfall. Uganda's climate is mostly tropical with regular rainfall and sunshine patterns. Due to climate change the seasons have changed, with the rainy season becoming more variable in length and droughts more ubiquitous, especially in eastern and northeastern Uganda. Climate trends have the potential to affect development of Uganda, due to the vulnerability of Uganda's diverse environment.

## Greenhouse gas emissions

Uganda's greenhouse gas emission rate is very low, with carbon dioxide having never exceeding 150 kg per person per year, and totalling about 5 million tonnes per year. As of 2022, over 90% of Uganda's electricity comes from hydroelectricity, but many rural areas lack electricity and burn wood for cooking. The government has been criticized for causing deforestation.

## Impact on the natural environment

### Temperature and weather changes

Since the 1960s, the average temperature in Uganda has increased by 1.3 °C, minimum temperatures have increased by 0.5–1.2 °C, and maximum temperatures have increased by 0.6–0.9 °C. Average temperatures have been observed to be increasing at a rate of 0.28 °C per decade, and daily temperature observations show significantly increasing amounts of hot days and nights every year . Climate change and changes in temperature is also affecting the Rwenzori Mountains, by causing glacier melting, increasing water levels in the Nyamwamba, Mubuku, and Ruimi Rivers. This has led to frequent flooding across the Rwenzori region. From 1906 to 2003, ice fields shrunk from 6.5 sq km to less than 1 sq km, and may completely melt in the next few years. In 2012, forest fires occurred in the Rwenzori region, causing the ice fields to melt, leading to the flooding of the river around the mountain.

In January 2022, intense rain around Mount Muhavura damaged buildings and roads in Kisoro District, especially affecting Nyarusiza, Muramba and Bunagana. Nine people were reported to have lost their lives and thousands of people were displaced or otherwise affected by this disaster.

On 1 March 2010, landslides occurred on the slopes of Mount Elgon, in the Bududa district, that killed 50 people and left thousands displaced. In 2018, there was another landslide on Mount Elgon, that killed 28 people, and left thousands displaced once again. As of 30 September 2021, a total of 20,739 people had been internally displaced. All landslides were caused by unusually prolonged rains.

Köppen climate classification map for Uganda for 1980–20162071–2100 map under the most intense climate change scenario. Mid-range scenarios are currently considered more likely

In Kasese District, there is flooding almost every year, which causes a heavy impact on the lives and livelihood of residents. As a result, many schools and homes are buried or destroyed, leaving many displaced.

On Saturday 30 July 2022 at around 8pm EAT in the evening, there was a down pour of rain that took several hours up to around 7am EAT in the morning of Sunday 31 July 2022 in Mbale district, Sebei region and part of

Teso region. This caused river Nabuyonga and river Namatala to burst the banks causing floods and landslides in Mbale district, Kapsinda Sub-county, Kapchorwa District. This led to a death toll of 24 in Mbale alone as of 2 August 2022, more bodies were recovered on that day. In Mbale, most of the affected areas were Mbale City, Nabuyonga, Nkoma and Namakwekwe in Northern City Division and Namatala in Industrial City Division.

### Impact on water resources

Ugandan water supply and the sanitation sector has made substantial progress in urban areas from the mid-1990s until at least 2006, with substantial increases in coverage. Reforms from 1998 to 2003 included the commercialization and modernization of the National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC) operating in cities and larger towns, as well as decentralization and private sector participation in small towns. Uganda has renewable water resources totalling to 2085 cubic meters per year, which is above the limit recognized internationally of 100 m3/year of water scarcity. Nevertheless, the water sector is developed and only about 0.5% of the total available water is utilized per year.

Available renewable water utilization in Uganda
| Sector | % |
| --- | --- |
| Agriculture | 40 |
| Municipal and industrial | 43 |
| Consumption | 17 |

Uganda has made some progress and improvements in water supply through improving facilities, increasing from 39% availability in 1990 to 48% in 2008, and, in remote and rural areas, from 40% in 1990 to 49% in 2008. This was not the case with the urban areas, which only increased from 35% in 1995 to 38% in 2008.

### Ecosystems

Wildlife in Ugandan ecosystems includes the African elephant and Ugandan kob

In 2010, Uganda had 6.93 Mha of tree cover, extending over 29% of its land area. In 2020, it lost 73.6 kha of tree cover, equivalent to 36.0 Mt of CO₂ emissions. From 2001 to 2020, 918 kha of tree cover was lost, equivalent to a 12% decrease in tree cover since 2000 and 413 Mt of CO₂ emissions. From 2001 to 2019, 3.8% of tree cover loss occurred in areas where dominant drivers resulted in deforestation. This has reduced both the ecosystem services the forests provide, including by diminishing wood yield and quality, and the biodiversity they support. 1.4 Mha of land has been burned, as of 2021. This total is normal, compared to the total for previous years, going back to 2001. The most fires recorded in a year was 2005, with 7.3 Mha burnt.

## Impact on people

### Economic impacts

Uganda's economy consists of three major sectors, agriculture, industry, and services, all of which are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Climate change is affecting the agricultural sector by reducing the area suitable for agriculture due to population growth, altering the length of the growing season, reducing yield potential, increasing the frequency and severity of extreme events (in particular droughts and floods), and increasing the incidence of plant diseases.

Climate change damage estimates in the agriculture, water, infrastructure and energy sectors collectively amount to 2–4% of the GDP between 2010 and 2050. With an estimated population of 48,432,863, Uganda is the leading country of organic farming, with an estimate of 231,157 hectares of land used for farming.

#### Agriculture and livestock

Climate change has affected agriculture, which is the most important sector of the economy. Most of the production is from small scale farmers. Average temperatures range between 18 and 30 °C, but it can raise to about 37 °C in some areas.

#### Manufacturing sector

The Ugandan manufacturing sector is dominated by agro-processing, food and beverages, household products, construction materials and fast-moving consumer goods. Most firms are small and medium enterprises concentrated in Kampala and the Central Region. Most products manufactured in Uganda are aimed at domestic consumption, and exports are limited to the regional markets in East Africa, including Rwanda, Burundi, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and the regions of Kenya and Tanzania bordering Uganda.

Manufacturing was reported to account for 15.8% of GDP in 2020, according to the World Bank, employing about 6.622% of formal-sector labour.

Annual production levels 2016–2020
| Sector | Weight | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | Pct. change
2018–2019 | Pct. change
2019–2020 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Total manufacturing | 1000 | 234.67 | 245.29 | 268.34 | 277.69 | 285.91 | 3.5 | 3 |
| Food processing | 400 | 211.57 | 204.14 | 264.04 | 251.64 | 239.79 | -4.7 | -4.7 |
| Drinks and tobacco | 210 | 282.89 | 313.34 | 324.91 | 363.34 | 346.13 | 11.8 | -4.7 |
| Textiles, clothing and footwear | 43 | 153.37 | 166.97 | 170.48 | 204.08 | 252.78 | 19.7 | 23.9 |
| Sawmilling, paper and printing | 35 | 250.56 | 295.68 | 324.51 | 296.62 | 273.35 | -8.6 | -7.8 |
| Chemicals, paint, soap and foam products | 97 | 292.25 | 346.41 | 261.21 | 316.73 | 363.47 | 21.3 | 14.8 |
| Bricks and cement | 75 | 290.01 | 295.26 | 336.88 | 345.66 | 463.4 | 2.6 | 34.1 |
| Metal products | 83 | 162.94 | 168.53 | 154.13 | 149.5 | 162.78 | -3 | 8.2 |
| Miscellaneous | 66 | 214.24 | 202.25 | 230.61 | 238.02 | 248.84 | 3.2 | 4.5 |

Uganda's industrial performance comparisons 2018 (World Bank)
|  | Ethiopia | Kenya | Vietnam | Uganda |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Industry contribution to GDP (%) | 27.3 | 16.4 | 34.2 | 19.9 |
| Share of manufactured exports to total exports (%) | 13 | 28 | 83 | 23 |
| Manufacturing value added (%) | 5.8 | 7.7 | 16.0 | 8.3 |
| Share of employment (%) | 12 | 7.6 | 25.8 | 7.4 |

### Health impacts

Climate change is increasing the occurrences of water-borne diseases such as dysentery, cholera, hepatitis E, vector-borne diseases, respiratory diseases, malnutrition-related illnesses, and especially malaria. Uganda's fourth Health Sector Development Plan indicates the importance of developing "early warning systems and dissemination of weather forecasts to help health managers to improve preparedness and response".

## Mitigation and adaptations

A number of government agencies have been tasked with, or have prepared reports, on managing climate resilience, including the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA), the Ministry of Water and Environment's Climate Change Department, the National Forestry Authority, the Ministry of Lands, Housing & Urban Development, the Ministry of Works and Transport, and the Uganda Wildlife Authority.

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32. Vignesh Sridharan Eunice Pereira Ramos , Eduardo Zepeda , Brent Boehlert, Abhishek Shivakumar ,Constantinos Taliotis and Mark Howells (29 August 2019). "The Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in Uganda—An Integrated Systems Assessment with Water and Energy Implications" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 June 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
33. Linda Calabrese, Frederick Golooba-Mutebi, Maximiliano Mendez-Parra (December 2019). "INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN UGANDA "An assessment of the policy framework"" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2022. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
34. Uganda Investment Authority (26 January 2022). "Uganda's industrial journey so far: progress, achievements, and prospects". *Uganda Investment Authority*. Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
35. Prof. John B. Kaddu (PhD), Berhane Gebru, Patrick Kibaya and Dr. Munabi Ian G (April 2020). "Climate Change and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Uganda" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
36. "National Environment Management Authority". *www.nema.go.ug*. Archived from the original on 19 June 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
37. "Ministry of Water and Environment". *www.mwe.go.ug*. Archived from the original on 14 June 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
38. "Uganda: Climate Change – Govt Makes Case to Enhance Country's Tree Cover". *allAfrica*. 23 May 2022. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
39. *Ministry of Lands, Housing & Urban Development*. *Ministry of Lands, Housing & Urban Development* (Technical report). Archived from the original on 10 March 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
40. *Assessment of climate change mitigation potentials and actions in Uganda’s transport sector* (PDF) (Technical report). April 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
41. *Climate Risks To Conservation In Uganda* (PDF) (Technical report). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.


title: Climate change in Uruguay

abstract: Climate change in Uruguay describes the effects of climate change in Uruguay. As the result of global temperature increases, Uruguay is expected to have temperature increases of 3 °C by about 2100 and there is expected increases in precipitation. Increases of climate rain in Uruguay and Argentina during 2018 was estimated by the World Meteorological organization to have caused $2.5 billion in damage. The main sources of carbon emissions in Uruguay are food production and transport. When compared to the rest of the world, Uruguay only contributes 0.05% of the total global emissions. In 2017, Uruguay identified 106 methods of reducing emissions as part of their Nationally Determined Contributions to the Paris Climate Agreement. Activities include reductions of emissions across food and grain production, increases of native and reforested land, restoration of bogland and grasslands as carbon sinks. The Nationally Determined Contribution began a process of revision in 2020 with the objective to provide greater ambition in 2022. To pursue climate policy, the country created on the 20th of May 2009, the Sistema Nacional de Respuesta al Cambio Climático y variabilidad (SNRCC) through directive 238/09. The SNRCC produces reportes from monitoring and verification of the work to achieve the Nationally Determined Contribution and other policies. In 2015, a law transformed that organization into a Secretariat for Environment, Water and Climate change. The Secretariat is charged with coordinating public policy across the three areas. The secretary participates in the committee of other actors in the National Environmental System. Internationally, Uruguay is part of the Kyoto Protocol, Paris Accorde and the Doha Amendment. The private sector in Uruguay has committed to at least 15 actions to mitigate the effects of climate change, according to the NAZCA portal. Uruguay is also a member of the International Renewable Energy Agency.

text:
# Climate change in Uruguay

**Climate change in Uruguay** describes the effects of climate change in Uruguay. As the result of global temperature increases, Uruguay is expected to have temperature increases of 3 °C by about 2100 and there is expected increases in precipitation. Increases of climate rain in Uruguay and Argentina during 2018 was estimated by the World Meteorological organization to have caused $2.5 billion in damage.

The main sources of carbon emissions in Uruguay are food production and transport. When compared to the rest of the world, Uruguay only contributes 0.05% of the total global emissions. In 2017, Uruguay identified 106 methods of reducing emissions as part of their Nationally Determined Contributions to the Paris Climate Agreement. Activities include reductions of emissions across food and grain production, increases of native and reforested land, restoration of bogland and grasslands as carbon sinks. The Nationally Determined Contribution began a process of revision in 2020 with the objective to provide greater ambition in 2022.

To pursue climate policy, the country created on the 20th of May 2009, the Sistema Nacional de Respuesta al Cambio Climático y variabilidad (SNRCC) through directive 238/09. The SNRCC produces reportes from monitoring and verification of the work to achieve the Nationally Determined Contribution and other policies.

In 2015, a law transformed that organization into a Secretariat for Environment, Water and Climate change. The Secretariat is charged with coordinating public policy across the three areas. The secretary participates in the committee of other actors in the National Environmental System (in Spanish, *Sistema Nacional Ambiental* (SNA)). Internationally, Uruguay is part of the Kyoto Protocol, Paris Accorde and the Doha Amendment. The private sector in Uruguay has committed to at least 15 actions to mitigate the effects of climate change, according to the NAZCA portal. Uruguay is also a member of the International Renewable Energy Agency.

## Emissions inventory

In 2019 Uruguay emitted 6,170 Gg of CO2. The largest source of emissions in Uruguay is transportation with 3,670 Gg of CO2 en 2019, with the second being industry (915 Gg), and the sectors of agriculture, fishing and minerals 484 Gg. The energy sector emits 610 Gg.

## Environmental impacts

### Changes to temperature and Climate

Köppen climate classification map for Uruguay for 1980–20162071–2100 map under the most intense climate change scenario. Mid-range scenarios are currently considered more likely

## Mitigation and adaptation methods

The national system for managing public policy for climate change is the Sistema Nacional de Respuesta al Cambio Climático y variabilidad (SNRCC), the Sistema Nacional Ambiental, the Gabinete Nacional Ambiental and the Secretaría Nacional de Ambiente, Agua y Cambio Climático. In 2010 the parties created the National Climate Change Response Plan (Plan Nacional de Respuesta al Cambio Climático).In 2017, they extended and adapted the plan into a national policy for implementing their Nationally Determined Contribution .

## Climate finance

For the period of 2015–2021, Uruguay received approximately US$1,153,103,861.08 of climate finance focused on funding mitigation in agriculture, urban mobility and other environmental institutions and programs.

## Society and culture

In 2020, a survey of 1500 people in Uruguay, found that 90% of Uruguayans knew climate change was a problem and important for Uruguay to address .


title: Stacey W. Wade

abstract: Stacey Wilson Wade was an American politician and businessman who served as North Carolina Commissioner of Insurance from 1921 to 1927 and North Carolina Secretary of State from 1933 to 1936.

text:
# Stacey W. Wade

**Stacey Wilson Wade** (August 18, 1875 – January 19, 1956) was an American politician and businessman who served as North Carolina Commissioner of Insurance from 1921 to 1927 and North Carolina Secretary of State from 1933 to 1936.

## Early life

Stacey Wilson Wade was born on August 18, 1875, in Carteret County, North Carolina. Educated in Morehead City, he moved to Raleigh in 1909 to work as a clerk for the North Carolina General Assembly.

## Political career

Wade was elected North Carolina Commissioner of Insurance in 1920. He was sworn in to office on January 12, 1921. He resigned on November 15, 1927, to take a position as vice president of the Home Mortgage Company of Durham. In 1930, he quit the company and founded an insurance firm, Stacey W. Wade and Son.

In 1932, Wade was elected North Carolina Secretary of State. He was sworn in on January 6, 1933. He resigned the office on November 16, 1936, to accept the position of manager of the Eastern North Carolina District of the U.S. Social Security Board. In 1942, he left the Social Security Board and created the Southern Coach Company, of which he served as president until his death.

## Later life

Wade experienced a heart attack on January 10, 1956. He died at Rex Hospital in Raleigh nine days later.

## InfoBox

| Stacey W. Wade | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| North Carolina Secretary of State | |
| **In office**
1933  November 16, 1936 | |
| Preceded by | James A. Hartness |
| Succeeded by | Charles G. Powell |
| North Carolina Commissioner of Insurance | |
| **In office**
January 12, 1921  November 15, 1927 | |
| Preceded by | James R. Young |
| Succeeded by | Daniel C. Boney |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1875-08-18)August 18, 1875
Carteret County, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Died | January 19, 1956(1956-01-19) (aged 80)
Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic Party |
|  | |


title: Clypeomorus brevis

abstract: Clypeomorus brevis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae.

text:
# Clypeomorus brevis

***Clypeomorus brevis*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae.

## Description

## Distribution

## InfoBox

| *Clypeomorus brevis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| A shell of *Clypeomorus brevis* (museum specimen) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Family: | Cerithiidae |
| Genus: | *Clypeomorus* |
| Species: | ***C. brevis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Clypeomorus brevis***
(Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Cerithium acutum* Hombron & Jacquinot, 1852
*Cerithium breve* Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
*Cerithium breve var. ellicensis* Hedley, 1899
*Cerithium musiva* Hombron & Jacquinot, 1852
*Cerithium musiva var. albida* Hombron & Jacquinot, 1852
*Cerithium patiens* Bayle, 1880
*Cerithium rugosum* (Wood, 1828)
*Strombus rugosus* Wood, 1828 | |


title: Clofibride

abstract: Clofibride is a fibrate. Clofibride is a derivative of clofibrate. In the body it is converted into 4-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid, which is the true hypolipidemic agent. So clofibride, just like clofibrate is a prodrug of clofibric acid.

text:
# Clofibride

**Clofibride** is a fibrate. Clofibride is a derivative of clofibrate. In the body it is converted into 4-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (clofibric acid), which is the true hypolipidemic agent. So clofibride, just like clofibrate is a prodrug of clofibric acid.

## InfoBox

Clofibride
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| ATC code |  |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Hydrolyzed to clofibric acid; hepatic glucuronidation |
| Elimination half-life | 12 hours (clofibric acid) |
| Excretion | Renal (mostly) and fecal |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * 3-(dimethylcarbamoyl)propyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.043.542 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H22ClNO4 |
| Molar mass | 327.81 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * Clc1ccc(OC(C(=O)OCCCC(=O)N(C)C)(C)C)cc1 | |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C16H22ClNO4/c1-16(2,22-13-9-7-12(17)8-10-13)15(20)21-11-5-6-14(19)18(3)4/h7-10H,5-6,11H2,1-4H3 Y * Key:CXQGFLBVUNUQIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y | |
| (verify) | |


title: Stanley Bosworth

abstract: Stanley Anselm Bosworth was the founding headmaster of Saint Ann's School in Brooklyn, which he headed from 1965 to 2004. Stanley Bosworth was born in New York City and raised in Washington Heights, the child of Murray and Bertha Bosworth. Murray had immigrated from Russia. Stanley Bosworth was drafted into the American Army during the Second World War, in which he was a codebreaker stationed in Germany. Afterwards, he lived in Paris, studying poetry and philosophy at the Sorbonne, and would later go on to earn an advanced degree in philosophy at New York University, where he taught for some time. Bosworth would go on to teach French at the now-defunct Walden School on the Upper West Side. In 1965, he was selected as the first headmaster at Saint Ann's School, where he was known for his eccentric, aphoristic leadership. His son, Adam, is a vice-president at Amazon Web Services.

text:
# Stanley Bosworth

**Stanley Anselm Bosworth** (August 20, 1927 – August 7, 2011) was the founding headmaster of Saint Ann's School in Brooklyn, which he headed from 1965 to 2004.

Stanley Bosworth was born in New York City and raised in Washington Heights, the child of Murray and Bertha Bosworth. Murray had immigrated from Russia. Stanley Bosworth was drafted into the American Army during the Second World War, in which he was a codebreaker stationed in Germany. Afterwards, he lived in Paris, studying poetry and philosophy at the Sorbonne, and would later go on to earn an advanced degree in philosophy at New York University, where he taught for some time.

Bosworth would go on to teach French at the now-defunct Walden School on the Upper West Side. In 1965, he was selected as the first headmaster at Saint Ann's School, where he was known for his eccentric, aphoristic leadership. His son, Adam, is a vice-president at Amazon Web Services.

## Death

Bosworth died at his home in Carroll Gardens, Brooklyn of complications of dementia on August 7, 2011, at the age of 83.

1. "News".
2. Lynda Richardson, Eccentric? Sure, but His Students Succeed *The New York Times,* April 22, 2004.
3. Douglas Martin, Stanley Bosworth, Iconoclastic Head of Brooklyn School, Dies at 83 *The New York Times,* August 11, 2011.
4. Martin, Douglas. "Stanley Bosworth, Iconoclastic Head of Brooklyn School, Dies at 83", *The New York Times*, August 11, 2011. Accessed November 12, 2017. "Stanley Bosworth, a self-described “old wizard” who shaped his own Hogwarts in Brooklyn in the form of Saint Ann's School, which rapidly gained national prominence for its free-form approach to education and its success in sending graduates to top colleges, died on Sunday at his home in Brooklyn. He was 83.... Mr. Bosworth, who lived in Carroll Gardens in Brooklyn, was married three times."


title: Standard, West Virginia

abstract: Standard is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. The community is located near Exit 74 on the West Virginia Turnpike north of the Fayette County line.

text:
# Standard, West Virginia

**Standard** is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. The community is located near Exit 74 on the West Virginia Turnpike (Interstates 64 and 77) north of the Fayette County line.

## InfoBox

| Standard, West Virginia | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| StandardStandard | |
| Coordinates: 38°08′10″N 81°24′02″W / 38.13611°N 81.40056°W / 38.13611; -81.40056 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | West Virginia |
| County | Kanawha |
| Elevation | 686 ft (209 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Area code(s) | 304 & 681 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1547325 |


title: Standard Textile Company

abstract: Standard Textile Company, Inc. is a vertically integrated technology-based textile business. It develops, manufactures, and distributes multiple-use textiles, including high-end luxury terry, sheets, blankets, window treatments, upholstery fabrics, uniforms, workwear, and napery. The company is based in Cincinnati, Ohio, and is privately held. The company employs over 4,000 persons and has estimated sales of $620 million. Standard Textile was founded in 1940 by Charles Heiman, a German immigrant who began a small linen distribution company in his Cincinnati apartment. His son, Paul Heiman, expanded the company across the United States. Today the company is led by President and CEO Gary Heiman, and has operations in North America, Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East. Standard Textile has 24 production and distribution facilities around the world and serves more than 55 global markets. It manages its own research and development operations, global manufacturing facilities, and worldwide distribution network. The company has invested heavily in clean energy, water conservation, recycling, and engineering to extend product life. Standard Textile is a Disaster Responder Program member of the American Red Cross. Announced in November 2018, Standard Textile acquired the global hospitality business of Mascioni SPA of Italy, including the Mascioni Hotel Collection brand. In December 2018, Standard Textile Home, the company's first retail division launched online. Standard Textile was named a 2021 honoree in the US Best Managed Companies program, sponsored by Deloitte Private and The Wall Street Journal. In June, 2022, Standard was given the distinction of 2-year honoree for receiving the award again for 2022.

text:
# Standard Textile Company

**Standard Textile Company, Inc.** is a vertically integrated technology-based textile business. It develops, manufactures, and distributes multiple-use textiles, including high-end luxury terry, sheets, blankets, window treatments, upholstery fabrics, uniforms, workwear, and napery. The company is based in Cincinnati, Ohio, and is privately held. The company employs over 4,000 persons and has estimated sales of $620 million.

Standard Textile was founded in 1940 by Charles Heiman, a German immigrant who began a small linen distribution company in his Cincinnati apartment. His son, Paul Heiman, expanded the company across the United States. Today the company is led by President and CEO Gary Heiman, and has operations in North America, Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East.

Standard Textile has 24 production and distribution facilities around the world and serves more than 55 global markets. It manages its own research and development operations, global manufacturing facilities, and worldwide distribution network. The company has invested heavily in clean energy, water conservation, recycling, and engineering to extend product life. Standard Textile is a Disaster Responder Program member of the American Red Cross.

Announced in November 2018, Standard Textile acquired the global hospitality business of Mascioni SPA of Italy, including the Mascioni Hotel Collection brand.

In December 2018, Standard Textile Home, the company's first retail division launched online.

Standard Textile was named a 2021 honoree in the US Best Managed Companies program, sponsored by Deloitte Private and The Wall Street Journal. In June, 2022, Standard was given the distinction of 2-year honoree for receiving the award again for 2022.

## Sources

1. Sher, Hanan. “Technology Meets the Towel.” The Jerusalem Report. August 22, 2005.
2. “Standard Textile Launches Two New Products to Hotels,” USA Today Money. November 14, 2006.
3. Fasiq, Lisa Biank. “Tucking into New Land: Standard Textile taking its hotel bedding, curtains East.” Cincinnati Business Courier. April 20, 2007.
4. Holthaus, David. “A Need to Succeed in Two Lands.” The Cincinnati Enquirer. November 7, 2010.
5. “Recession Tested Standard Textile’s Team.” Cincinnati Business Courier. August 23, 2010. (Available at: http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/2010/08/23/story22.html).
6. Chase, Linda and Kevin Eigelbach. “Bridges to Future, Cincinnati.” Cherbo Publishing Group, Inc. Encino: 2008. p. 140-141
7. 6. standardtextile.com (Accessed on February 1, 2011).
8. Cross, American Red. "For Second Year, Millions Turn to American Red Cross for Help after Record Wildfires, Hurricanes and Devastating Weather". *www.prnewswire.com*. Retrieved 2019-02-27.
9. "Standard Textile Co. acquires Italian luxury linens business | Home Textiles Today". *www.hometextilestoday.com*. Retrieved 2019-02-27.
10. "Standard Textile Home - Luxury Hotel Bedding & Towels Since 1940". *Standard Textile Home*. Retrieved 2019-02-27.
11. "US Best Managed Companies Program Names Exceptional Private Enterprises for 2021". *Deloitte United States*. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
12. "US Best Managed Companies Winners". *Deloitte United States*. Retrieved 2 July 2022. PDF

## InfoBox

Standard Textile Company
| Industry | Textile |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1940 |
| Founders | Charles Heiman |
| Headquarters | Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. |
| Website | www.standardtextile.com |


title: Stanley Johnston

abstract: Stanley Johnston was an Australian-American journalist who, as a correspondent during World War II, wrote a story for the Chicago Tribune that inadvertently revealed the extent of American code-breaking activities against the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN). The story resulted in efforts by the United States government to prosecute Johnston and other Chicago Tribune journalists, an effort what remains the only time the Espionage Act was used against journalists in the United States. No indictment was returned, and grand jury proceedings were sealed until 2016.

text:
# Stanley Johnston

**Stanley Johnston** (1900  September 13, 1962) was an Australian-American journalist who, as a correspondent during World War II, wrote a story for the *Chicago Tribune* that inadvertently revealed the extent of American code-breaking activities against the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN). The story resulted in efforts by the United States government to prosecute Johnston and other *Chicago Tribune* journalists, an effort what remains the only time the Espionage Act was used against journalists in the United States. No indictment was returned, and grand jury proceedings were sealed until 2016.

## Early life

Johnston was born on Palmers Island near Yamba, New South Wales. He joined the Australian Army at the age of 14.

## Career

After participating in the Gallipoli Campaign during World War I and ten years of working in gold mines in New Guinea, Johnston embarked on a three-year holiday that took him through the United States and Europe. He met dancer Barbara Beck in New York City in 1936, married her, and took her on a tour through Europe. While in France, he coordinated press dispatches transmitted to and from Europe from a transmitter in Bordeaux, and later the Netherlands. In 1940, as the Netherlands were invaded, he escaped to Lisbon and then London, where he worked as a correspondent for the *Chicago Tribune*, covering the Battle of Britain. In late-1940, he was called to Chicago where he impressed the newspaper with his knowledge of events in England. About this time, he became an American citizen and was reunited with his wife, who had been repatriated from Paris. Although he was not a trained journalist, he was eventually assigned to a press position aboard the USS *Lexington* in the Pacific.

### War correspondent

Johnston was the only member of the press aboard *Lexington* when the aircraft carrier took part in the Battle of the Coral Sea in early May 1942. Following the sinking of the aircraft carrier in the battle Johnston was repatriated aboard the USS *Barnett* with the *Lexington*'s executive officer, Commander Morton T. Seligman. Seligman had access to naval communications. One general dispatch in late May dealt with American appreciations of Japanese naval movements in the weeks leading up to the June 1942 Battle of Midway, that implied American foreknowledge of events. Johnston claimed he saw the dispatch, "a scrap of paper with doodling on it," which he threw away. Johnston returned to Chicago and published 15 first-hand accounts of the events of the battle. He also wrote an account of the prelude to the Midway action that caused fears in the United States Navy that the Japanese would realize that their codes were broken.

*Tribune* publisher Robert R. McCormick and President Franklin D. Roosevelt were longtime adversaries and the story infuriated Roosevelt. Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox pressed Attorney General Francis Biddle to prosecute Johnston and others at the *Tribune* for harm to national security under the Espionage Act of 1917. A grand jury declined to indict, because revealing *enemy* secrets was not then an offence, and also because the Navy could not release evidence for fear of further compromise. The grand jury testimony remained sealed for 75 years until it was released after successful court action by historians. In the meantime, Seligman was blamed by Navy investigators for the security breach, transferred to shore duty, and denied promotion. The investigation was the only instance in which reporters were ever under threat of prosecution under the Espionage Act.

Johnston authored a book, *Queen of the Flat-Tops*, in 1942, that recounted his experiences aboard the USS *Lexington*.

After the war Johnston was a correspondent in Latin America for two years, then returned to Chicago to manage the *Tribune'*s promotions department. In 1955 he became manager of Robert McCormick's Cantigny estate.

## Death

Johnston died of an apparent heart attack in Wheaton, Illinois on September 13, 1962, aged 62. His obituary was published on the front page of the *Chicago Tribune*.

## InfoBox

| Stanley Johnston | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1900
Palmers Island, New South Wales |
| Died | September 13, 1962 (aged 62)
Wheaton, Illinois, U.S. |
| Employer | *Chicago Tribune* |
| Known for | Inadvertently revealing classified American code-breaking activities during World War II |
|  | |
| Military career | |
| Service/branch | Australian Army |
| Battles/wars | World War I
World War II |
|  | |


title: Clinical research center

abstract: The term "Clinical research center" (CRC) or "General clinical research center" (GCRC) refers to any designated medical facility used to conduct clinical research, such as at a hospital or medical clinic. They have been used to perform clinical trials of various medical procedures. The medical profession has had specific uses for CRC facilities, including awarding grants to support various types of research. For example, the U.S. National Institutes of Health had, for years, issued GCRC grants, but later changed to awarding a Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA). Many hospitals or clinics have included a wing, ward, or other area titled as "Clinical Research Center".

text:
# Clinical research center

The term "**Clinical research center**" (CRC) or "**General clinical research center**" (**GCRC**) refers to any designated medical facility used to conduct clinical research, such as at a hospital or medical clinic. They have been used to perform clinical trials of various medical procedures. The medical profession has had specific uses for CRC facilities, including awarding grants to support various types of research.

For example, the U.S. National Institutes of Health had, for years, issued GCRC grants, but later changed to awarding a Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA). Many hospitals or clinics have included a wing, ward, or other area titled as "Clinical Research Center" (with capitalized words).

## Example facilities

Some examples of CRC facilities are:


title: Stanislas (train)

abstract: Stanislas was an express train that linked Paris and Strasbourg in France. Introduced in 1971, it was operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de fer français (SNCF). The train was named after Stanisław I Leszczyński, King of Poland, Duke of Lorraine and a count of the Holy Roman Empire. It was a first-class-only Trans Europ Express (TEE) until 1982, and then a two-class Rapide until its discontinuance in about 1988.

text:
# Stanislas (train)

***Stanislas*** was an express train that linked Paris and Strasbourg in France. Introduced in 1971, it was operated by the *Société Nationale des Chemins de fer français* (SNCF).

The train was named after Stanisław I Leszczyński (French: *Stanislas Leszczynski*), King of Poland, Duke of Lorraine and a count of the Holy Roman Empire. It was a first-class-only Trans Europ Express (TEE) until 1982, and then a two-class *Rapide* until its discontinuance in about 1988.

## Route

The *Stanislas'*s route was the 502 km (312 mi) long Paris–Strasbourg railway, with just the following stops:

## History

The *Stanislas* was introduced on 26 September 1971, to complement an existing TEE service, the *Kléber*, which, since 23 May 1971, had run from Strasbourg to Paris in the morning and had returned to Strasbourg in the evening.

Initially, the *Stanislas* departed from Paris as TEE 63 at 11:05 (later 11:00) and arrived in Strasbourg at 14:50. The return *Stanislas*, TEE 62, left Strasbourg at 17:10 and reached Paris at 21:00.

On 26 September 1982, both the morning TEE trains between Paris and Strasbourg were discontinued. The evening TEE 62 service was renamed *Kléber*, so that the remaining TEE service on the route – one run per day in each direction – would both carry the same name. The *Stanislas* became a two-class *Rapide*, eastbound keeping the same schedule as before, departing from Paris at 11:00 (and still train number 63), and westbound taking over what had been the TEE *Kleber*'s schedule, from Strasbourg around 7:45 (still train number 60).

In autumn 1984, the westbound trip's schededule was moved about one hour earlier, from 7:47 to 6:59 (later 6:52), and otherwise the schedule and classification of *Stanislas* remained unchanged until at least summer 1988, but the train was discontinued by at least 1991—and possibly as early as September 1988.

## Formation (consist)

The *Stanislas* was hauled by the SNCF Class BB 15000, a class of 25 kV 50 Hz AC electric locomotives.

Its inaugural formation of rolling stock was a rake of SNCF Grand Confort coaches painted in a distinctive red, orange, light grey and slate grey livery.

Originally, the coaches were arranged as an A4Dtux, two A8u, two A8tu, two Vru and three ex-Mistral A8u.

On 29 September 1974, the train was lengthened to a total of 12 coaches. The following year, on 26 September 1975, a further coach was added to the formation.

Throughout the *Stanislas'*s existence, its restaurant car was staffed by the *Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits* (CIWL).

### Notes

### Bibliography

* Malaspina, Jean-Pierre; Mertens, Maurice (2007). *TEE: la légende des Trans-Europ-Express* \[*TEE: The Legend of the Trans Europ Express*\]. Auray: LR Presse. ISBN 978-29-03651-45-9. (in French)
* Malaspina, Jean-Pierre; Mertens, Maurice (2008). *TEE: la leggenda dei Trans-Europ-Express* \[*TEE: The Legend of the Trans Europ Express*\]. Salò: ETR – Editrice Trasporti su Rotaie. ISBN 978-88-85068-31-5. (in Italian)
* Mertens, Maurice; Malaspina, Jean-Pierre; von Mitzlaff, Berndt (2009). *TEE - Die Geschichte des Trans-Europ-Express* \[*TEE - The History of the Trans Europ Express*\]. Düsseldorf: Alba Publikation. ISBN 978-3-87094-199-4. (in German)

## InfoBox

Stanislas
| *Stanislas* was hauled by a BB 15000 locomotive. | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Service type | Trans Europ Express (TEE)
(1971–1982)
*Rapide*
(1982-ca. 1988) |
| Status | Discontinued |
| Locale | France |
| First service | 26 September 1971 (1971-09-26) |
| Last service | ca. 1988 |
| Former operator(s) | SNCF |
| Route | |
| Termini | Paris-Est
Strasbourg-Ville |
| Stops | 1 |
| Distance travelled | 502 km (312 mi) |
| Service frequency | Daily |
| Train number(s) | TEE 62, 63
(1971–1982)
*Rapide* 60, 63
(1982–ca. 1988) |
| Line(s) used | Paris–Strasbourg |
| On-board services | |
| Catering facilities | Restaurant car |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) |
| Electrification | 25 kV 50 Hz AC |


title: Rose Peak (South Shetlands)

abstract: Rose Peak is a peak, 655 m, lying nearly 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) southwest of Rea Peak and 3 nautical miles (6 km) northeast of Ternyck Needle in the central part of King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1960 for the Enderby Brothers' cutter Rose, tender to the schooner 1833 or January 1834 the Rose was crushed in the pack ice in 6017S, 5326W; her crew were rescued by the Hopeful.  This article incorporates public domain material from "Rose Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

text:
# Rose Peak (South Shetlands)

**Rose Peak** (62°2′S 58°12′W / 62.033°S 58.200°W / -62.033; -58.200) is a peak, 655 m, lying nearly 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) southwest of Rea Peak and 3 nautical miles (6 km) northeast of Ternyck Needle in the central part of King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1960 for the Enderby Brothers' cutter Rose, tender to the schooner 1833 or January 1834 the Rose was crushed in the pack ice in 6017S, 5326W; her crew were rescued by the Hopeful.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Rose Peak (South Shetlands)". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey.


title: Clivina carpentaria

abstract: Clivina carpentaria is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Sloane in 1896.

text:
# Clivina carpentaria

***Clivina carpentaria*** is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Sloane in 1896.

## InfoBox

| *Clivina carpentaria* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Genus: | *Clivina* |
| Species: | ***C. carpentaria*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Clivina carpentaria***<br>Sloane, 1896 | |
|


title: Franklin District

abstract: Franklin District was a New Zealand territorial authority that lay between the Auckland metropolitan area and the Waikato Plains. As a formal territory, it was abolished on 31 October 2010 and divided between Auckland Council in the Auckland Region to the north and Waikato and Hauraki districts in the Waikato region to the south and east. The Auckland portion is now part of the Franklin Ward, which also includes rural parts of the former Manukau City. Before its abolition, it was administered from the town of Pukekohe. Out-going Franklin District Mayor Mark Ball had proposed that Franklin District become an independent unitary authority, fulfilling both the functions of a local and regional council. However, this was rejected by Minister Rodney Hide.

text:
# Franklin District

**Franklin District** was a New Zealand territorial authority that lay between the Auckland metropolitan area and the Waikato Plains. As a formal territory, it was abolished on 31 October 2010 and divided between Auckland Council in the Auckland Region (39.82 percent by land area) to the north and Waikato and Hauraki districts in the Waikato region (60.18 percent) to the south and east. The Auckland portion is now part of the Franklin Ward, which also includes rural parts of the former Manukau City.

Before its abolition, it was administered from the town of Pukekohe. Out-going Franklin District Mayor Mark Ball had proposed that Franklin District become an independent unitary authority, fulfilling both the functions of a local and regional council. However, this was rejected by Minister Rodney Hide.

## Location and extent

The district was bounded in the north by the start of the Auckland metropolitan area and the waters of the Manukau Harbour. Awhitu Peninsula stretches up the Tasman coast to the mouth of this harbour. Here are located several holiday spots, such as Karioitahi Beach and Matakawau.

To the south, Franklin was bounded by the fertile lowlands of the Waikato Plains. In the east, the land rises to the Hunua Ranges, then falls to the coast of the Firth of Thames. In the west is the Tasman Sea. The Waikato River mouth is at Port Waikato in the south of the region. This is renowned as a good place for surfcasting.

The area is mainly rural, with local settlements such as Waiuku and Tuakau supporting the farming industry. One industry of note is the New Zealand Steel steel mill at Glenbrook, north of Waiuku.

## Mayors

Six people served as mayor of Franklin District during its 21-year existence:

|  | Name | Term |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Max R. Short | 1989–1992 |
| 2 | Peter Aitken | 1992–1995 |
| 3 | Joan O'Sullivan | 1995 |
| 4 | Matt Barnett | 1995–1998 |
| 5 | Heather Maloney | 1998–2004 |
| 6 | Mark Ball | 2004–2010 |

## Nomenclature

The name of "Franklin" probably derives from Lady Jane Franklin, an early British traveller and the wife of Captain Sir John Franklin, who served as Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land (1837–1843). Lady Franklin visited the Waikato Heads in 1841.

## Media

*Franklin County News*, a twice-weekly newspaper based in Pukekohe, serves the former Franklin District. *The Post Newspaper* distributes 26,000 printed copies weekly on a Tuesday, covering Franklin and North Waikato. *The Post Newspaper* has an office in both Pukekohe and Waiuku. In 2015, the online events calendar and photo news Franklin Life NZ was launched.

## Administrative divisions

### Populated centres

Here are some of the following suburbs, towns, villages and other settlements within the former Franklin District's territorial area borders, grouped into their present-day adjacent areas:

**Northern Franklin** (now part of Auckland Super-City)

* Wattle Bay, Orua Bay, Big Bay, Grahams Beach, Awhitu, Kauritutahi, Matakawau, Matakawau Point, Clarks Beach, Pollok, Te Toro, Glenbrook Beach, Waiau Beach, Mission Bush, Karioitahi, Waiuku, Kingseat, Waiau Pa, Patumahoe, Te Hihi, Karaka, Roseneath Road, Paerata, Pukekohe, Bombay, Ararimu, Hūnua,

**Southern Franklin** (now part of Waikato District)

**North Eastern Franklin** (now part of Hauraki District)

## InfoBox

| Franklin | |
| --- | --- |
| Former territorial authority | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 37°14′S 175°00′E / 37.24°S 175.00°E / -37.24; 175.00 | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| Area | |
| Total | 2,187.94 km2 (844.77 sq mi) |
| Extent | Papakura to Meremere;
Port Waikato to Miranda, Firth of Thames |


title: Starkweather Hall

abstract: Starkweather Hall, also known as Starkweather Religious Center, is a religious and educational building located at 901 West Forest Avenue in Ypsilanti, Michigan, on the campus of Eastern Michigan University. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1972 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. It is also part of the Eastern Michigan University Historic District and is the oldest building on EMU's campus.

text:
# Starkweather Hall

**Starkweather Hall**, also known as **Starkweather Religious Center**, is a religious and educational building located at 901 West Forest Avenue in Ypsilanti, Michigan, on the campus of Eastern Michigan University. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1972 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. It is also part of the Eastern Michigan University Historic District (listed on the Register in 1984) and is the oldest building on EMU's campus.

## History

The Students' Christian Association at Eastern Michigan University (then Michigan State Normal School) was begun as the Students' Prayer Meeting in 1853, the same year the school itself opened. Meetings were held in assembly or classrooms of the school. In 1881, the society reorganized as the Students' Christian Association, and they were granted a room in the campus conservatory building as a meeting place. However, in 1891, the room was required for classes, and the Association was homeless. They soon decided to gather funds to erect a new building. By early 1892, nearly $1000 had been pledged, and the Association appealed to philanthropist Mary Ann Starkweather for additional funding. She agreed to bequeath an additional $10,000 for the purpose of constructing a building; the funds were disbursed in late 1895. Detroit architects Malcomson and Higginbotham were hired to design the building, and it was constructed in 1896 at a cost of slightly over $11,000. The Starkweather Religious Center was dedicated on March 26, 1897. When it was constructed, it was the only religious center at any teacher's college in the United States. After construction, it was leased to the University's Students' Christian Association.

The Students' Christian Association was disbanded in the 1920s, but Starkweather Hall continued to be used by a succession of religious organizations. The building was renovated in 1961 by Jinkling and Lyman of Birmingham, Michigan. In 1976, the Office of Religious Affairs, which used the building at that point, was closed. The building was again remodeled, and used by public relations services. As of 2013, it is used by the Graduate Office.

## Description

Starkweather Hall is a two-story Richardsonian Romanesque structure built of squared fieldstone, covering approximately 62 feet (19 m) by 56 feet (17 m). It is asymmetrical, with an octagonal sandstone tower on one corner and a gable over the front entrance. Fishscale orange tile covers the top halves of the other facades. On the interior, the first floor originally contained dining/reception rooms, a kitchen, a dressing room, a library, and a few classrooms. The rooms were delineated by partitions that could be rolled open to create a larger space. The second floor originally contained a large assembly room and a caretaker's room. Hardware was designed especially for the building, and some original doorknobs, marked "SCA," still remain.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Starkweather Religious Center | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Michigan State Historic Site | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 901 W. Forest, Ypsilanti, Michigan |
| Coordinates | 42°14′47″N 83°37′27″W / 42.24639°N 83.62417°W / 42.24639; -83.62417 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1896 (1896) |
| Architect | Malcomson and Higginbotham |
| Architectural style | Richardsonian Romanesque |
| NRHP reference No. | 77000724 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | April 13, 1977 |
| Designated MSHS | September 29, 1972 |


title: Kazub

abstract: Kazub is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kaliska, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north of Kaliska, 21 km (13 mi) west of Starogard Gdański, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

text:
# Kazub

**Kazub** \[ˈkazup\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kaliska, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north of Kaliska, 21 km (13 mi) west of Starogard Gdański, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

For details of the history of the region, see *History of Pomerania*.

## InfoBox

| Kazub | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Kazub | |
| Coordinates: 53°56′29″N 18°13′27″E / 53.94139°N 18.22417°E / 53.94139; 18.22417 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Starogard |
| Gmina | Kaliska |
| Population | 34 |


title: Clivina blackburni

abstract: Clivina blackburni is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Sloane in 1896.

text:
# Clivina blackburni

***Clivina blackburni*** is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Sloane in 1896.

## InfoBox

| *Clivina blackburni* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Genus: | *Clivina* |
| Species: | ***C. blackburni*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Clivina blackburni***<br>Sloane, 1896 | |
|