title: Rector Commercial Historic District

abstract: The Rector Commercial Historic District encompasses the original 1882 central business district of Rector, Arkansas. It includes a roughly triangular area of the city, bounded on the west by Main Street, the north by 3rd Street, and the southeast by the railroad tracks. Most of the district was developed before 1920, and includes a significant concentration of buildings with iron components in their storefronts provided by the noted St. Louis, Missouri firm, the Mesker Brothers, and other similar producers of such architectural elements. The district's buildings are otherwise predominantly brick. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

text:
# Rector Commercial Historic District

The **Rector Commercial Historic District** encompasses the original 1882 central business district of Rector, Arkansas. It includes a roughly triangular area of the city, bounded on the west by Main Street, the north by 3rd Street, and the southeast by the railroad tracks. Most of the district was developed before 1920, and includes a significant concentration of buildings with iron components in their storefronts provided by the noted St. Louis, Missouri firm, the Mesker Brothers, and other similar producers of such architectural elements. The district's buildings are otherwise predominantly brick.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Rector Commercial Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Location in ArkansasLocation in United States | |
| Location | Bounded by St. Louis and Southwestern Railroad tracks on the E. and S., S. Dodd on the W., 3rd St. on the N., Rector, Arkansas |
| Coordinates | 36°15′49″N 90°17′34″W / 36.26368°N 90.29278°W / 36.26368; -90.29278 |
| Area | 11.4 acres (4.6 ha) |
| Built | 1915 (1915) |
| Architectural style | Classical Revival, Early Commercial |
| NRHP reference No. | 09000369 |
| Added to NRHP | June 1, 2009 |


title: Real Madrid Club de Fútbol v Le Monde

abstract: Real Madrid Club de Fútbol, AE v EE, Société Éditrice du Monde SA is an ongoing case of the European Court of Justice (ECJ). The case, brought by the Spanish football club Real Madrid, alleges that French newspaper Le Monde defamed the club by publishing an article linking the club to a doctor known for doping. Although Spanish courts have awarded the football club damages, French courts have refused to uphold their judgment in the name of protecting freedom of the press. The French courts have sent a request for a preliminary ruling from the ECJ on whether the principle of mutual recognition of judgments outweighs the freedom of the press and freedom of expression. The ECJ will seek to reconcile the decisions of two national courts and determine the role of rights within the principle of mutual recognition.

text:
# Real Madrid Club de Fútbol v Le Monde

***Real Madrid Club de Fútbol, AE v EE, Société Éditrice du Monde SA*** (Case 633/22) is an ongoing case of the European Court of Justice (ECJ). The case, brought by the Spanish football club Real Madrid, alleges that French newspaper *Le Monde* defamed the club by publishing an article linking the club to a doctor known for doping. Although Spanish courts have awarded the football club damages, French courts have refused to uphold their judgment in the name of protecting freedom of the press. The French courts have sent a request for a preliminary ruling from the ECJ on whether the principle of mutual recognition of judgments outweighs the freedom of the press and freedom of expression. The ECJ will seek to reconcile the decisions of two national courts and determine the role of rights within the principle of mutual recognition.

## Facts

In 2006, the French newspaper *Le Monde* published an article that claimed links existed between the football club Real Madrid and Dr. Eufemiano Fuentès, the doctor behind the Operación Puerto doping scandal. The article included the caption "Dopage: le football après la cyclisme" ("first cycling, now football") and a cartoon "depicting a cyclist dressed in the colours of the Spanish flag, surrounded by little footballers and syringes," implying Real Madrid was engaged in doping.

The football club sued the newspaper and journalist for damages "based on harm done to their honor. Critics have considered this case a SLAPP suit intended to censor journalism unfavorable to the club.

## Judgments

### Spanish Courts

Juzgado de Primera Instancia no19 de Madrid (Court of First Instance No 19, Madrid) ruled in February 2009 that the article was "defamatory and harmed the club's reputation." The court ordered *Le Monde* to pay 300,000 to Real Madrid. *Le Monde* appealed to the Audiencia Provincial de Madrid (Provincial Court, Madrid), which agreed with the lower court. The Tribunal Supremo (Supreme Court, Spain) dismissed a further appeal in February 2014.

Following appeals, the damages increased to €390,000, including interest.

### French Courts

In February 2018, the tribunal de grande instance de Paris (Regional Court, Paris) ordered *Le Monde* to pay Real Madrid. The Regional Court issued this ruling in line with Regulation (EC) No 44/2001, which orders that "a judgment given in a Member State and enforceable in that State shall be enforced in another Member State" a principle known as mutual recognition. In September 2020, however, the cour d'appel de Paris (Court of Appeal, Paris) ruled that the penalties have a "deterrent effect on the involvement of journalists and media organisations in the public discussion of matters of community interest, thereby breaching freedom of the press and freedom of expression" found in Article 11 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The Court of Appeal found that *Le Monde* is not required to pay the damages ordered by the Spanish courts.

Real Madrid appealed this decision to the Cour de cassation (Court of Cassation, France), which sent a preliminary reference to the ECJ asking if the freedom of the press outlined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights outweighs the principle of mutual recognition of judgments.

### European Court of Justice

This case is still pending in the Court of Justice of the European Union. However, the non-binding opinion of Advocate General Maciej Szpunar was published in February 2024, arguing that the "freedom of the press is an essential principle of the EU legal order, the manifest breach of which may constitute a ground for refusal of enforcement."

Szpunar finds that even under the strengthened requirement "without the need for any special procedure" to recognize other member states judgments set up under Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012, a member state "must refuse or revoke enforcement where it would give rise to a manifest breach of freedom of expression." The Spanish ruling in this case "constitutes a manifest and disproportionate breach of freedom of the press."

Szpunar also argues that the damages, in this case, were exorbitant, "several dozen times the standard minimum salary in the Member State concerned," and that "damages which media companies are ordered to pay must not be such as to threaten their economic foundations."

Szpunar, however, did not find the arguments based on Article 11 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union convincing enough to outweigh the principle of mutual recognition. Instead, he argues that the ECJ must look to the protections of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). He writes that "as there is little scope under Article 10(2) of the ECHR for restrictions on freedom of expression in the fields of political speech and matters of public interest," the ECJ must use the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case-law and uphold the rights of *Le Monde* and its journalists as the ECJ "cannot disregard the need to provide protection at least equivalent to that offered by the ECHR."

## Significance

This case demonstrates a potential new view for ECJ towards the ECHR. In former cases, the court had invoked the ECHR on occasions such as in *Melloni v Ministerio* and *Aranyosi and Căldăraru* when adjudicating the human rights standards of the European Arrest Warrant. However, this case can potentially align ECJ and ECHR jurisprudence more clearly. The Advocate General's opinion prioritizes preserving an ECHR right over a standard practice of EU law, demonstrating the ECJ's potential novel willingness to hold other international obligations over those of the EU. This case will also likely set a precedent for freedom of speech in the context of the EU principle of mutual recognition, which has not been previously adjudicated.

The Advocate General suggests that human rights obligations trump standard EU legal procedures. This might upend the long-standing might upend "the long-standing Bosphorus presumption" that states must fully align themselves with EU law at the expense of their commitments to any other international agreements. This case opens an opportunity for other international legal systems to be considered more important than those of the EU during accession.

This case also presents an opportunity for the ECJ to reinforce the core values of the EU, found in Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union, especially the freedom of the press and freedom of expression, especially with a declining rule of law in certain European states.

1. "CURIA - Documents". *curia.europa.eu*. Retrieved 2024-05-16.
2. *Case C-633/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour de cassation (France) lodged on 11 October 2022 — Real Madrid Club de Fútbol, AE v EE, Société Éditrice du Monde SA*, 2022, retrieved 2024-05-16
3. "Dopage : le football après le cyclisme". *Le Monde.fr* (in French). 2006-12-07. Retrieved 2024-05-16.
4. Milewska, Paulina; Nowicka, Zuzanna (2024-04-24). "The Ball is in the Game: Opportunities for the Protection of Freedom of Expression at the EU Level arising from Real Madrid vs Le Monde Case". *Verfassungsblog*.
5. "First Advocate General Szpunar: manifest breach of freedom of expression may constitute a ground for refusal of enforcement" (PDF). *Court of Justice of the European Union*. 8 February 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
6. *Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters*, 2000-12-22, retrieved 2024-05-16
7. "Mutual recognition of judgments - European Commission". *commission.europa.eu*. Retrieved 2024-05-16.
8. *Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (recast)*, 2012-12-12, retrieved 2024-05-16
9. *Stefano Melloni v Ministerio Fiscal*, 26 February 2013, retrieved 2024-05-16
10. *Pál Aranyosi and Robert Căldăraru v Generalstaatsanwaltschaft Bremen*, 5 April 2016, retrieved 2024-05-16

*

## InfoBox

| Real Madrid Club de Fútbol v Le Monde | |
| --- | --- |
| European Court of Justice | |
| Submitted 11 October 2022
 | |
| Full case name | Real Madrid Club de Fútbol, AE v EE, Société Éditrice du Monde SA |
| Case | 633/22 |
| ECLI | ECLI:EU:C:2024:127 |
| Court composition | |
| **Advocate General**
Maciej Szpunar | |
|  | |


title: Rebecca George

abstract: Rebecca Gay George is 2020 President of the British Computer Society, and active in encouraging girls and women to participate in technology and IT.

text:
# Rebecca George

**Rebecca Gay George** CBE FBCS (born 1961) is 2020 President of the British Computer Society, and active in encouraging girls and women to participate in technology and IT.

## Early life

George was born in Basingstoke, England, in the Shrubbery, the local maternity hospital. Her father, Garth, was a nuclear physicist born in South Africa, who moved to the UK in 1949. Her mother, Elizabeth George, had been a social worker, and was a teacher in a local comprehensive school throughout Rebecca George’s childhood. Later, she became one of the first women ordained into the Church of England. She has two younger brothers, Matthew and Adam.

George went to school in Basingstoke, Fairfields Primary School, Harriet Costello comprehensive secondary school, and then the Sixth Form College Queen Mary’s College. She played the violin with the Hampshire County Youth Orchestra, and flew for the first time at 17 to Australia, on tour with the orchestra. Rebecca George read English Language and Literature at St Hugh's College, Oxford, which was an all-women college at the time. She chose St Hugh's College as there were far fewer women than men at Oxford at the time, and even fewer from comprehensive schools and she believed that she would have a better experience there than more traditional Oxford colleges. At St Hugh's College, she ran the drama society for three years and also taught herself to use the college computer, a Honeywell, so that she could earn money by typing up Fine Art students' theses. While she was at Oxford her Sixth Form College head-master suggested that she applied for a Rotary Foundation Scholarship, which she won. She used the scholarship to go to Boston University in the US and take a Master of Science in Broadcasting, specialising in Cable and Satellite systems. Rebecca George married in 1991 and has two sons. Her husband gave up work to bring up their sons when they were 1 and 3.

## Professional life

George worked in cable TV in the early 1980s in the US and UK, including for one of Robert Maxwell’s companies, SelecTV (US TV channel). Realising that cable and satellite TV was not taking off in the UK as fast as she had hoped, she joined a management consultancy, Spicer and Pegler for three years to broaden her range of skills. In 1988 she joined IBM as a sales rep, at the time IBM were just entering the professional services market. George stayed at IBM for nearly 20 years, in a range of roles in sales, HR and business process engineering. She worked for two years in the US in the mid-1990s, and for a year in France later on. George’s focus has always been transforming business processes enabled by IT. In 2001, she started working with the Public Sector as the UK government was starting its digital journey. In 2006, she joined Deloitte as a Partner, in their Public Sector business. Initially, she worked with Central Government Departments, and in 2011 she took over Deloitte’s UK Healthcare Practice.

In 2016, she led Deloitte's UK Healthcare Practice and was the Global lead for Public Sector Health and Social Services, in addition to being Deloitte’s lead Partner for Healthcare in the UK, Europe, Middle East, and Africa. She specialised in clinical transformation enabled by technology and has a particular interest in improving patient outcomes in cancer and diabetes. As of March 2019, she leads Deloitte’s Public Sector practice across 13 European countries. It was while she was working in the USA that she was inspired to get involved in a range of diversity initiatives, including increasing the participation of women in IT. Her passion for diversity has continued ever since. She has led or been involved with initiatives to encourage and support women in IT at every level – school projects, university applications and courses, graduate recruitment schemes, early career development, maternity leave and returners, executive promotion and retention, and board participation.

## Honour and other awards and roles

George was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 2006 for services to IT and for her work supporting the Egan Review of sustainable community skills. A Fellow of the BCS, she was in 2013 chair of the BCS Policy and Public Affairs Board, and was elected as BCS Vice President and BCS Trustee in 2014 She became a Freeman of the City of London and Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Information Technologists in October 2015. She was voted the 20th "Most Influential Women in IT" in 2014 and again in 2015 in *Computer Weekly*.

George was one of the 30 women identified in the BCS Women in IT Campaign in 2014 and was then featured in the e-book of these 30 women in IT, "Women in IT: Inspiring the next generation" produced by the BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT, as a free download e-book, from various sources.

She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2023 New Year Honours for services to diversity in the technology profession.


title: Recanati winery

abstract: Recanati Winery is a winery situated in the Upper Galilee in Israel. Production is 900,000–1 million bottles annually.

text:
# Recanati winery

**Recanati Winery** is a winery situated in the Upper Galilee in Israel. Production is 900,000–1 million bottles annually.

## History

The winery was founded in 2000 by Lenny Recanati (b. 1953). The winery produces young red and white blends under its Yasmin label, varietals under its Recanati and Reserve labels, and a Special Reserve. All grapes are hand-harvested, two-thirds originating in Recanati’s high-altitude Manara vineyards in the Upper Galilee with which it has contracts, and the remainder from vineyards planted in the clay-rich soil of the Jezreel Valley.

Chief winemaker Gil Shatsberg, a graduate of the U.C. Davis wine program, worked for Amphorae and Carmel wineries before joining Recanati. Shatsberg replaced Lewis Pasco, previously winemaker for Chimney Rock and Marimar Torres in California.

In August 2022, after six years of planning and construction, the winery relocated the Hefer Valley to a new site at the Ramat Dalton Industrial Park, in Upper Galilee. Eli Gidron, the winery's CEO, explained that the primary goal of this relocation was to be closer to the vineyards and to strengthen the winery's Israeli roots by contributing to the development of the Galilee region. The new winery is situated on a cliff at an elevation of 850 meters, offering views of Kerem Ben Zimra, Lebanon, the Hula Valley, the Dishon Plateau, and Mount Hermon. A new visitor center was constructed adjacent to the winery.

## InfoBox

| Recanati Winery | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Ramat Dalton<br>Upper Galilee, Israel |
| Coordinates | 32°24′17.61″N 34°53′49.04″E / 32.4048917°N 34.8969556°E / 32.4048917; 34.8969556 |
| Founded | 2000 (2000) |
| Key people | Lenny Recanati |
| Distribution | International |
| Website | www.recanati-winery.co.il |


title: Recanoz

abstract: Recanoz is a commune in the Jura department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

text:
# Recanoz

**Recanoz** (French pronunciation: \[ʁəkano\]) is a commune in the Jura department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 68 |  |
| 1975 | 62 | −1.31% |
| 1982 | 46 | −4.17% |
| 1990 | 52 | +1.54% |
| 1999 | 52 | +0.00% |
| 2009 | 74 | +3.59% |
| 2014 | 90 | +3.99% |
| 2020 | 92 | +0.37% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## InfoBox

| Recanoz | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall in Recanoz | |
| Location of Recanoz | |
| RecanozRecanoz | |
| Coordinates: 46°48′29″N 5°30′23″E / 46.8081°N 5.5064°E / 46.8081; 5.5064 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Jura |
| Arrondissement | Lons-le-Saunier |
| Canton | Bletterans |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Daniel Jacquot |
| Area**1** | 3.01 km2 (1.16 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 93 |
| Density | 31/km2 (80/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 39454 /39230 |
| Elevation | 204–231 m (669–758 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Recurvirostridae

abstract: The Recurvirostridae are a family of birds in the wader suborder Charadrii. It contains two distinct groups of birds, the avocets and the stilts.

text:
# Recurvirostridae

The **Recurvirostridae** are a family of birds in the wader suborder Charadrii. It contains two distinct groups of birds, the avocets (one genus) and the stilts (two genera).

## Description

Avocets and stilts range in length from 30 to 46 cm (12 to 18 in) and in weight from 140 to 435 g (4.9 to 15.3 oz); males are usually slightly bigger than females. All possess long, thin legs, necks, and bills. The bills of avocets are curved upwards, and are swept from side to side when the bird is feeding in the brackish or saline wetlands they prefer. The bills of stilts, in contrast, are straight. The front toes are webbed, partially in most stilts, and fully in avocets and the banded stilt, which swim more. The majority of species' plumage has contrasting areas of black and white, with some species having patches of buff or brown on the head or chest. The sexes are similar.

Their vocalizations are usually yelps of one or two syllables.

## Distribution and habitat

Avocets and stilts are a cosmopolitan family, being distributed on all the world's continents except Antarctica, and occurring on several oceanic islands. Several species are wide-ranging and a few are locally distributed.

One species, the black stilt of New Zealand, is critically endangered due to habitat loss, introduced predators, and hybridisation with the pied stilt.

## Feeding

These species feed on small aquatic animals such as mollusks, brine shrimp and other crustaceans, larval insects, segmented worms, tadpoles, and small fish.

## Breeding

Stilts and avocets breed on open ground near water, often in loose colonies. They defend nesting territories vigorously with aggressive displays, and mob intruders and possible predators with a great deal of noise. They are monogamous, although the pair bonds are not maintained from season to season. Their eggs are light-coloured with dark markings, weighing 22 to 44 g (0.78 to 1.55 oz). Three to four are laid in simple nests, and both parents share the incubation duties, which last 22 to 28 days. The banded stilt may breed only every few years, as it breeds on temporary lakes caused by rains in the deserts of Australia. The chicks are downy and precocial, leaving the nest within a day of hatching; they fledge in 28 to 35 days. In all species except the banded stilt, the chicks are cared for by the parents for several months, and they may move them to new areas and defend territories there. Banded stilts deviate from this by collecting their chicks in massive crèches numbering several hundred.

## Taxonomy

The taxonomy of the stilts is particularly debated, with the genus *Himantopus* considered to have two to six species.

| Species in the family Recurvirostridae | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Common and binomial names | Image | Range | Notes |
| Banded stilt
*Cladorhynchus leucocephalus* |  | southern Australia |  |
| Black-winged stilt
*Himantopus himantopus* |  | Europe, Asia and Africa | Sometimes includes pied (*H. leucocephalus*), white-backed (*H. melanurus*) and black-necked stilts (*H. mexicanus*) as subspecies |
| Pied stilt
*Himantopus (himantopus) leucocephalus* |  | Southeast Asia to Australia and New Zealand |  |
| White-backed stilt
*Himantopus (himantopus/mexicanus) melanurus* |  | South America |  |
| Black-necked stilt
*Himantopus (himantopus) mexicanus* |  | North America to northern South America, and Hawaii | Includes Hawaiian stilt (*H. m. knudseni*) and sometimes also white-backed stilt (*H. melanurus*) as subspecies |
| Black stilt
*Himantopus novaezelandiae* |  | South Island of New Zealand |  |
| American avocet
*Recurvirostra americana* |  | North America |  |
| Andean avocet
*Recurvirostra andina* |  | Andes in South America |  |
| Pied avocet
*Recurvirostra avosetta* |  | Europe, Asia and Africa |  |
| Red-necked avocet
*Recurvirostra novaehollandiae* |  | Australia |  |

## InfoBox

| Recurvirostridae | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Hawaiian stilt | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Charadriiformes |
| Suborder: | Charadrii |
| Family: | Recurvirostridae
Bonaparte, 1854 |
|
| Genera | |
|  | |


title: Reginald Grey, 5th Earl of Kent

abstract: Reginald Grey, 5th Earl of Kent was an English peer.

text:
# Reginald Grey, 5th Earl of Kent

**Reginald Grey, 5th Earl of Kent** (before 1541  17 March 1573) was an English peer.

## Biography

He was a son of Henry Grey (1520–1545) and Margaret St John. His paternal grandparents were Henry Grey, 4th Earl of Kent and Anne Blennerhassett. Reginald Grey was educated at St John's College, Cambridge.

In 1570, Gray married Susan Bertie, daughter of Katherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk and her second husband Richard Bertie. There were no known children from this marriage.

He is mentioned in the *Annales Rerum Gestarum Angliae et Hiberniae Regnate Elizabetha* by William Camden, in the entry for year 1573:

"18. Not long after dyed also Reginald Grey Earle of Kent, whom the Queene a yeare before had raised from a private man to the honour of Earle of Kent, after that this title had lyen asleepe the space of fifty yeares from the death of Richard Grey Earle of Kent, who had set his Patrimony flying, and was elder Brother to this mans Grandfather. In this honour succeeded unto him Henry his Brother."

This was a reference to the state of the title at this point. His great-uncle Richard Grey, 3rd Earl of Kent had wound up heavily in debt, probably through gambling, and was forced to alienate most of his property. Henry Grey had inherited the claim to the title but little property and lived mostly as a gentleman, a private citizen. Reginald lived the same way until Elizabeth I restored to him his title and part of his property in 1572 following a campaign suported by his mother in law Katherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk.

His younger brothers Henry and Charles successively inherited the Kent title following his death on 17 March 1573.

## InfoBox

| Reginald Grey, 5th Earl of Kent | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Before 1541 |
| Died | (1573-03-17)17 March 1573 |
| Education | St John's College, Cambridge |
| Spouse | Susan Bertie (m. 1570) |
| Relatives | Charles Grey (brother)
Henry Grey (brother)
Henry Grey (grandfather) |


title: Regulatory technology

abstract: Regulatory technology, Abrv: RegTech, is the use of information technology to enhance regulatory and compliance processes. RegTech is most usefully applied to heavily regulated industries and activities such as financial services, gaming, healthcare, pharmaceutical, energy and aviation. RegTech puts a particular emphasis on regulatory monitoring, reporting and compliance and aims to enhance transparency as well as consistency and to standardize regulatory processes, to remove ambiguity from regulations and provide higher quality outcomes at a lower cost. RegTech to date has been focused on the digitization of manual reporting and compliance processes in the financial services industry, for example in the context of know your customer requirements, and is often mis-attributed as a subset of FinTech. Its application to wider industries, such as energy, confirm that RegTech is a subset of GovTech. RegTech offers significant cost savings to industry and regulators and a 2016 academic paper suggested that the potential of RegTech is far greater stating that "it has the potential to enable a close to real-time and proportionate regulatory regime that identifies and addresses risk while also facilitating far more efficient regulatory compliance". In contrast, a 2024 empirical study focusing on a regulatory change inducing United States–based financial advisers to adopt regtech around 2014 finds that overall, the damages avoided from reduced customer complaints are around one-tenth of the average costs reported in industry reports. However, there may be other indirect benefits from regtech that are not considered in the study.

text:
# Regulatory technology

**Regulatory technology**, Abrv: **RegTech**, is the use of information technology to enhance regulatory and compliance processes. RegTech is most usefully applied to heavily regulated industries and activities such as financial services, gaming, healthcare, pharmaceutical, energy and aviation. RegTech puts a particular emphasis on regulatory monitoring, reporting and compliance and aims to enhance transparency as well as consistency and to standardize regulatory processes, to remove ambiguity from regulations and provide higher quality outcomes at a lower cost.

RegTech to date has been focused on the digitization of manual reporting and compliance processes in the financial services industry, for example in the context of know your customer requirements, and is often mis-attributed as a subset of FinTech. Its application to wider industries, such as energy, confirm that RegTech is a subset of GovTech.

RegTech offers significant cost savings to industry and regulators and a 2016 academic paper suggested that the potential of RegTech is far greater stating that "it has the potential to enable a close to real-time and proportionate regulatory regime that identifies and addresses risk while also facilitating far more efficient regulatory compliance".

In contrast, a 2024 empirical study focusing on a regulatory change inducing United States–based financial advisers to adopt regtech around 2014 finds that overall, the damages avoided from reduced customer complaints are around one-tenth of the average costs reported in industry reports. However, there may be other indirect benefits from regtech that are not considered in the study.

## Origin

At a governmental level, the FCA was the first governmental body to establish and promote the term RegTech, defining this as: "*RegTech is a sub-set of FinTech that focuses on technologies that may facilitate the delivery of regulatory requirements more efficiently and effectively than existing capabilities".*

In March 2015, a report by the UK Government Chief Scientific Adviser, stated that "*FinTech has the potential to be applied to regulation and compliance to make financial regulation and reporting more transparent, efficient and effective – creating new mechanisms for regulatory technology, RegTech*".

Yet the vision of a technology-led regime has already been proposed as early as 2014, by Andy Haldane, during a keynote address at Birmingham University

> *I have a dream. It is futuristic, but realistic. It involves a Star Trek chair and a bank of monitors. It would involve tracking the global flow of funds in close to real time (from a Star Trek chair using a bank of monitors), in much the same way as happens with global weather systems and global internet traffic. Its centerpiece would be a global map of financial flows, charting spill-overs and correlations.*

On the private sector side, two pressure points have facilitated the development of RegTech. On the expense side, post-crisis fines have exceeded US$200 billion, and the ongoing cost of regulation and compliance has become a primary concern industry-wide. On the revenue side, competition from FinTech companies is expected to put US$4.7 trillion of revenues at risk. These expense and revenue factors are driving the development of RegTech. As with FinTech, the 2008 GFC represented a turning point in the development of RegTech. However, the factors underlying and the beneficiaries of RegTech are quite different. FinTech growth has been led by start-ups (now increasingly partnering with, or being acquired by, banks and other traditional financial institutions), whilst RegTech developments to date are primarily a response to the huge costs of complying with new institutional demands by regulators and policy-makers.

For the financial services industry, the cost of regulatory obligations has dramatically increased, such that 87% of banking CEOs in one survey consider these costs as a source of disruption. This provides a strong economic incentive for more efficient reporting and compliance systems to better control risks and reduce compliance costs. Furthermore, the massive increases in the volume and types of data that have to be reported to regulatory authorities represent a major opportunity for the automation of compliance and monitoring processes. For the financial services industry, the application of technology to regulation and compliance was viewed as potentially increasing efficiency and the economy of scope and scale of incumbents. A study on United States–based financial advisers suggests that government-induced adoption of regtech increased market concentration linked to heightened acquisition activity and labor flows of high-quality workers to firms with better technology. However, there may be other indirect benefits from regtech that are not considered in the study.


abstract: The BBC Asian Network, a BBC National Radio station, had a number of programmes in South Asian languages aimed at a specific community, although since 24 April 2005 under schedule changes as part of a broader review of BBC programming the BBC Asian Network has shifted towards a greater emphasis on English language programming.

text:
# Regional language programmes on the BBC Asian Network

The BBC Asian Network, a BBC National Radio station, had a number of programmes in South Asian languages aimed at a specific community, although since **24 April 2005** under schedule changes as part of a broader review of BBC programming the BBC Asian Network has shifted towards a greater emphasis on English language programming.

## Hindi and Urdu Programming

* **Gagan Grewal** consisting of News, Views, Discussions & Celebrity Interviews presented by Gagan Grewal in Hindi and Urdu - the programme first aired on **15 May 2006** originally under the name **Salaam Namaste**.
* **Hindi-Urdu Programme** presented by Sanjay Sharma on Thursday Evenings.

## Punjabi

* **Punjabi Programme** presented by Neelu Kalsi on Friday Evenings.
* **Weekend Punjabi** Sukhi Bart presents Punjabi Language Programming on from 17:00 - 19:00 on Sunday (previously on Saturday Evenings).

## Gujarati

* **Gujarati Programme** presented by Dev Parmar on Wednesday Evenings from 20:00 - 22:00.
* **Weekend Gujarati** Dev Parmar presents Gujarati Language Programming on from 21:00 - 23:00 on Sunday (previously on Saturday Evenings).

## Mirpuri

* **Mirpuri Programme** presented by Zarina Khan on Monday Evenings.
* **Weekend Mirpuri**, Changis Raja presents Mirpuri Language Programming on from 21:00 to 23:00 every Sunday (prior to 17 June the programme had been an hour earlier).

## Bengali

* **Weekend Bengali**, Anwarul Hoque presents Bengali Language Programming from 23:00 on Sunday to 01:00 on Monday mornings (prior to 17 June the programme had been an hour earlier).

## Regional Language Programmes scrapped or to be scrapped

From **24 April 2004** the Afternoon programme (primarily in Hindi and Urdu presented from 14:00 to 16:00 on weekdays by Navinder Bhogal was scrapped (she actually finished on it on 8 April 2006).


title: Regurgitation (digestion)

abstract: Regurgitation is the expulsion of material from the pharynx, or esophagus, usually characterized by the presence of undigested food or blood. Regurgitation is used by a number of species to feed their young. This is typically in circumstances where the young are at a fixed location and a parent must forage or hunt for food, especially under circumstances where the carriage of small prey would be subject to robbing by other predators or the whole prey is larger than can be carried to a den or nest. Some bird species also occasionally regurgitate pellets of indigestible matter such as bones and feathers. It is in most animals a normal and voluntary process unlike the complex vomiting reflex in response to toxins.

text:
# Regurgitation (digestion)

**Regurgitation** is the expulsion of material from the pharynx, or esophagus, usually characterized by the presence of undigested food or blood.

Regurgitation is used by a number of species to feed their young. This is typically in circumstances where the young are at a fixed location and a parent must forage or hunt for food, especially under circumstances where the carriage of small prey would be subject to robbing by other predators or the whole prey is larger than can be carried to a den or nest. Some bird species also occasionally regurgitate pellets of indigestible matter such as bones and feathers.

It is in most animals a normal and voluntary process unlike the complex vomiting reflex in response to toxins.

## Humans

In humans it can be voluntary or involuntary, the latter being due to a small number of disorders. Regurgitation of a person's meals following ingestion is known as rumination syndrome, an uncommon and often misdiagnosed motility disorder that affects eating. It may be a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

In infants, regurgitation – or spitting up – is quite common, with 67% of 4-month-old infants spitting up more than once per day.

Some people are able to regurgitate without using any external stimulation or drug, by means of muscle control. Practitioners of yoga have also been known to do this. Professional regurgitators perfect the ability to such a degree as to be able to exploit it as entertainment.

## Birds

For birds that transport food to their mates and/or their young over long distances — especially seabirds — it is impractical to carry food in their bills because of the risk that it would be stolen by other birds, such as frigatebirds, skuas and gulls. Such birds often employ a regurgitative feeding strategy. Many species of gulls have an orange to red spot near the end of the bill (called a "subterminal spot") that the chicks peck in order to stimulate regurgitation.

All of the Suliformes employ a regurgitative strategy to feed their young. In some species — such as the blue-footed booby, masked booby, and the Nazca booby — a brood hierarchy exists, in which the older chick is fed before the younger, subordinate chick. In times when food is scarce, siblicide may occur, where the dominant chick kills its younger sibling in order to sequester all of the resources of the parents. Penguins chicks are fed regurgitated food by both parents. Researchers found that the practice may potentially cause metabolic alkalosis in certain penguins.

Some birds, such as fulmars, employ regurgitation as a defense when threatened.

## Other animals

Ruminants regurgitate their food as a normal part of digestion. During their idle time, they chew the regurgitated food (cud) and swallow it again, which increases digestibility by reducing particle size.

Honey is produced by a process of regurgitation by honey bees, which is stored in the beehive as a primary food source.


title: Reginald New

abstract: Reginald New was a popular UK theatre organist whose career spanned the 1920s through to the 1950s.

text:
# Reginald New

**Reginald New** (April 1902, in Lewisham, Kent – 28 November 1958, in Beckenham, Ken) was a popular UK theatre organist whose career spanned the 1920s through to the 1950s.

## Career

New was first a chorister and then assistant organist at St George's, Catford later organist at Christ's Church, Chislehurst before he became a cinema organist. When cinemas started using organists to accompany silent pictures, New was among the pioneers at various London cinemas in 1920. On 28 November 1929 he made his first BBC radio broadcast from the Beaufort Cinema, Washwood Heath, Birmingham. After broadcasting 468 times, he transferred to the Regal Cinema at Kingston-on-Thames in 1933 making another 200 broadcasts from there. He was subsequently organist of the State Cinema, Dartford for four years from 1936. He often gave concerts on the Cheltenham Town Hall organ and broadcast from there on 8 December 1935. In August 1940 he was appointed organist of the Regal Cinema, Beckenham. New was unique in that he used two signature tunes - signing in with "Jolly Good Company" and signing out with "Old Father Thames". During his time at Dartford, he composed the "Dartford March". This became a soldiers' marching tune and was sung by many who came back from Dunkirk. Reginald New made over 800 broadcasts in his career. The Compton organ from Washwood Heath was subsequently removed in 1937 and placed in the Abbey Road studios where it was recorded by Fats Waller.

1. "Find a will | GOV.UK". *probatesearch.service.gov.uk*. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
2. "BBC Genome". *genome.ch.bbc.co.uk*. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
3. , eBid Wills Cigarette Cards.
4. , Birmingham History Forum.
5. , cinema treasures.

## InfoBox

| Reginald New | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |


abstract: Reginald William Bransby Nevill, 2nd Marquess of Abergavenny JP, styled Viscount Nevill between 1868 and 1876 and Earl of Lewes between 1876 and 1915, was a British peer.

text:
# Reginald Nevill, 2nd Marquess of Abergavenny

**Reginald William Bransby Nevill, 2nd Marquess of Abergavenny** JP (4 March 1853 – 13 October 1927), styled **Viscount Nevill** between 1868 and 1876 and **Earl of Lewes** between 1876 and 1915, was a British peer.

## Early life

Nevill was the eldest son of William Nevill, 1st Marquess of Abergavenny, by Caroline Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, daughter of Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, 2nd Baronet. One of his brothers was William Beauchamp Nevill. He was educated at Eton.

## Career

Nevill never lived in Abergavenny. Besides the marquessate, he inherited the titles of Earl of Lewes, Viscount Nevill and Baron Bergavenny He was appointed a Justice of the Peace for Kent in 1880. He was also a "staunch Conservative" and patron of 24 livings. During his last years he was a "mentally afflicted" invalid, and "an inmate of a home in Cheshire". He died at Cheadle Royal, Cheshire, on 13 October 1927, aged 74. He was buried at Eridge Castle on 17 October. He never married and was succeeded in the marquessate by his younger brother, Lord Henry Nevill.

## InfoBox

| The Marquess of Abergavenny | |
| --- | --- |
| Marquess of Abergavenny | |
| *Arms of the Marquess of Abergavenny* | |
| Tenure | 12 December 1915 – 13 October 1927 |
| Successor | Henry Nevill, 3rd Marquess |
| Other titles | 6th Earl of Abergavenny
2nd Earl of Lewes
6th Viscount Nevill |
| Born | (1853-03-04)4 March 1853 |
| Died | 13 October 1927(1927-10-13) (aged 74) |
| Parents | William Nevill, 1st Marquess of Abergavenny
Caroline Vanden-Bempdé Johnstone |


title: Refash

abstract: Refash is a Singapore-based fashion re-commerce platform for women to buy and sell preloved clothing. It runs an omni-channel model, with 6 physical stores in Singapore and Malaysia.

text:
# Refash

**Refash** is a Singapore-based fashion re-commerce platform for women to buy and sell preloved clothing. It runs an omni-channel model, with 6 physical stores in Singapore and Malaysia.

## History

Refash was founded in September 2015, by Aloysius Sng.

Started off as a retail outlet in City Plaza, REFASH grew into a start-up launched in January 2016.

Refash is a graduate of SPH Plug and Play accelerator programme. In September 2016, REFASH raised a $400,000 seed funding. The round was led by Singapore's Tri5 Ventures, and joined by Malaysia-based Tinkbig Ventures, and an unnamed angel investor.

In June 2017, Refash launched its online site at refash.sg where sellers self-list their clothing.

## Overview

Refash is a platform for women to sell and buy preloved items, ranging from fast fashion clothing to designer handbags. Brands include fast fashion brands like Zara, Topshop, Forever 21, H&M, and local brands like Ohvola, MDS and Love, Bonito. Refash handles all buyer enquiries, packaging, shipping, payments and returns on behalf of sellers, and provides image enhancement services for its online self-listing platform.

## InfoBox

Refash Pte Ltd
| Company type | Private |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Recommerce |
| Founded | 2015 |
| Founder | Aloysius Sng |
| Headquarters | Singapore and Malaysia |
| Products | Clothing |
| Website | refash.sg |


title: Rehimena surusalis

abstract: Rehimena surusalis is a species of moth of the family Crambidae described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is known from Australia, China, the Andaman Islands, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Taiwan, Korea and Japan. The wingspan is about 16 mm. The larvae bore in the buds of Hibiscus tiliaceus.

text:
# Rehimena surusalis

***Rehimena surusalis*** is a species of moth of the family Crambidae described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is known from Australia (including New South Wales), China (including Hong Kong), the Andaman Islands, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Taiwan, Korea and Japan.

The wingspan is about 16 mm.

The larvae bore in the buds of *Hibiscus tiliaceus*.

## InfoBox

| *Rehimena surusalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Genus: | *Rehimena* |
| Species: | ***R. surusalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Rehimena surusalis***<br>(Walker, 1859) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Botys surusalis* Walker, 1859 * *Botys subjunctalis* Walker, 1866 * *Botys triferalis* Walker, 1866 * *Botys semifascialis* Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1880 | |


title: Rehimena variegata

abstract: Rehimena variegata is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hiroshi Inoue in 1996. It is found in Japan. The larvae bore into and feed on the flower buds of Hibiscus glaber and Hibiscus tiliaceus.

text:
# Rehimena variegata

***Rehimena variegata*** is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hiroshi Inoue in 1996. It is found in Japan (Bonin Islands).

The larvae bore into and feed on the flower buds of *Hibiscus glaber* and *Hibiscus tiliaceus*.

## InfoBox

| *Rehimena variegata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Genus: | *Rehimena* |
| Species: | ***R. variegata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Rehimena variegata***<br>Inoue, 1996 | |
|


abstract: The Regional Museum of Natural History, Bhubaneswar is a museum in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India with exhibits on plants, animals and geology of the eastern region of India. The Regional Museum of Natural History at Bhubaneswar, was inaugurated in 2004. It was undertaken by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. The museum is located near Acharaya Vihar Square on Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar. The museum exhibits plants, animals and geology of the Odisha, the Eastern and north-eastern India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India. The galleries emphasize the conservation of nature and natural resources while depicting ecological interrelationship among plants and animals. Visually challenged students can feel the exhibits of animals on the premises. The museum provides an extracurricular activity for schools and promotes environmental awareness. A skeleton of baleen whale has been installed in the museum, which is supposed to be largest for any museum in India. Since May, 2017 this museum became one of the first museums in india to generate and use green energy though solar power production. This grid connected solar power plant is of roof type and generate 189 KvA electricity per month which makes it largest rooftop solar power plant in Odisha.

text:
# Regional Museum of Natural History, Bhubaneswar

The **Regional Museum of Natural History, Bhubaneswar** is a museum in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India with exhibits on plants, animals and geology of the eastern region of India. The Regional Museum of Natural History at Bhubaneswar, was inaugurated in 2004. It was undertaken by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. The museum is located near Acharaya Vihar Square on Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar. The museum exhibits plants, animals and geology of the Odisha, the Eastern and north-eastern India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India. The galleries emphasize the conservation of nature and natural resources while depicting ecological interrelationship among plants and animals. Visually challenged students can feel the exhibits of animals on the premises. The museum provides an extracurricular activity for schools and promotes environmental awareness. A skeleton of baleen whale has been installed in the museum, which is supposed to be largest for any museum in India. Since May, 2017 this museum became one of the first museums in india to generate and use green energy though solar power production. This grid connected solar power plant is of roof type and generate 189 KvA electricity per month which makes it largest rooftop solar power plant in Odisha.

20°17′59″N 85°49′55″E / 20.299611°N 85.832063°E / 20.299611; 85.832063


title: Reinhardt (surname)

abstract: Reinhardt is a German, Austrian, Danish, and to a lesser extent Norwegian and Swedish surname, and a spelling variant of Reinhard.

text:
# Reinhardt (surname)

**Reinhardt** is a German, Austrian, Danish, and to a lesser extent Norwegian and Swedish surname (from Germanic *ragin*, counsel, and *hart*, strong), and a spelling variant of Reinhard.

## Geographical distribution

As of 2014, 63.6% of all known bearers of the surname *Reinhardt* were residents of Germany (frequency 1:1,788), 24.6% of the United States (1:20,797), 1.8% of France (1:51,081), 1.6% of Canada (1:32,138), 1,6% of Brazil (1:185,079) and 1.0% of Switzerland (1:11,406).

In Germany, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:1,788) in the following regions:

## Surname

### A

### B

### C

* Carl Reinhardt (1818–1877), German author, painter, and caricaturist

### D

### E

* Ernst-Johann Reinhardt (born 1955), real name of German drag performer "Lilo Wanders"

### F

* Fritz Reinhardt (1895–1969), German Nazi leader and state secretary of finance

### G

### H

### J

### K

### L

### M

### N

* Nicole Reinhardt (born 1986), German Olympic Gold Medalist and photo model (canoe/kayak)

### R

### S

### T

### W


title: Regional Council of Martinique

abstract: The Regional Council of Martinique served as the regional council governing Martinique. In 2015, the Assembly of Martinique was established to replace both the Regional and General Councils of Martinique. Its headquarters were located in the Defferre Cluny hotel district in Fort-de-France. Serge Letchimy of the Martinican Progressive Party chaired the Regional Council from March 21, 2010, until it was replaced by the Assembly of Martinique.

text:
# Regional Council of Martinique

The **Regional Council of Martinique** served as the regional council governing Martinique. In 2015, the Assembly of Martinique was established to replace both the Regional and General Councils of Martinique.

Its headquarters were located in the Defferre Cluny hotel district in Fort-de-France. Serge Letchimy of the Martinican Progressive Party chaired the Regional Council from March 21, 2010, until it was replaced by the Assembly of Martinique.

## Executive and Standing Committee

* 1st Vice President: Catherine Conconne,
* 2nd Vice President: Jean-Claude Duverger (PPM),
* 3rd Vice President: Patricia Telle,
* 4th Vice President: Didier Laguerre,
* 5th Vice President: Yvette Galot,
* 6th Vice President: Luc Louison Clémenté,
* 7th Vice President: Jenny Dulys,
* 8th Vice President: Justin Pamphile,
* 9th Vice President: Jocelyne Pinville,
* 10th Vice President: Daniel Robin,
* 11th Vice President: Daniel Marie-Sainte,
* 12th Vice President: Miguel Laventure.

## Political parties

Majority: "Together for a new Martinique" (alliance of PPM, the Socialist Federation of Martinique, Franciscan Popular Movement, Dare Dare, Miscellaneous Left Movement "Living in Schoelcher" and civil society), led by Serge Letchimy has 26 seats.

The 26 elected officials are: Serge Letchimy (PPM), Catherine Conconne (PPM), Jean-Claude Duverger (PPM), Patricia Telle (FSM), Didier Laguerre (PPM), Yvette Galot (DVG), Luc-Louison Clemente (Living Movement Schoelcher), Jenny Dulys (Dare Dare), Justin Pamphile (DVG), Jocelyne Pinville (DVG), Daniel Robin (PPM), Karine Roy-Camille (civil society), Daniel Chomet (PPM), Christiane Mage (PPM), Simon Morin (PPM), Marie-France Thodiard (MPF), Jean Crusol (PPM), Maria Theresa Casimirius (PPM), Fred Lordinot (PPM), Marlene Lanoix (FSM), Camille Chauvet (PPM), Karine Galy (DVG) Jose Maurice (DVG), Elizabeth Landi (PPM), Thierry Fondelot (PPM), Manuéla Kéclard-Mondésir (PPM).

Opposition: "Martinique Patriots and Sympathizers" (alliance of MIM, Palima, CNCP, and sympathizers), led by Alfred Marie-Jeanne has 12 seats.

## Committees

* Committee for Sustainable Development, Transport and Energy: Chairperson-Daniel Chomet
* Committee for Economic Affairs: Chairperson-Jean Crusol
* Committee for Social Economy: Chairperson-Justin Pamphile
* Committee for Culture and Heritage: Chairperson-Yvette Galot
* Committee for Construction and Equipment: Chairperson-Luc-Louison Clemente
* Committee for Finance and The Budget: Chairperson-Fred Lordinot
* Committee for Agriculture and Livestock: Chairperson-Jose Maurice
* Committee for Cooperation and European Affairs: Chairperson-Karine Galy
* Committee for Fisheries, Aquaculture, Marine resources and Maritime affairs: Chairperson-Maurice Antiste
* Committee for Education and Training: Chairperson-Daniel Robin
* Committee for Higher Education, Innovation and Research: Chairperson-Elizabeth Landi
* Committee for Health: Chairperson-Marlene Lanoix
* Committee for Housing and Habitation: Chairperson-Simon Morin
* Committee for Sports: Chairperson-Thierry Fondelot
* Committee for Legal Affairs, Opinion and Statutory texts and the legislature: Chairperson-Chantal Maignan
* Committee for the Currency: Chairperson-Didier Laguerre
* Committee for Evaluation of the SAR: Chairperson-Camille Chauvet
* Committee for Public Private Partnership: Chairperson-Didier Laguerre
* Special Committee for Project management: Chairperson-Manuella Kéclard-Mondesir
* Committee for Public Service: Chairperson-Daniel Robin
* Committee for the Stimulus plan and Major Infrastructural projects: Chairperson-Catherine Conconne
* Committee for Community Preparedness: Chairperson-Didier Laguerre
* Committee for Early Planning: Chairperson-Justin Pamphile
* Committee for Tourism: Chairperson-Karine Roy-Camille
* Committee for Evaluation: Chairperson-Daniel Robin
* Committee for Dock Fees and taxes: Chairperson-Andre Lesueur
* Committee for Major risks and natural disasters: Chairperson-Jocelyne Pinville

## InfoBox

| Regional Council of Martinique
Conseil régional de la Martinique | |
| --- | --- |
| Regional Council | |
|  | |
| History | |
| Disbanded | December 2015 |
| Succeeded by | Assembly of Martinique |
| Leadership | |
| (former) President | Serge Letchimy, PPM
since 2010 |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 41 Regional Councillors |
|  | |
| Political groups | * Ensemble pour une Martinique nouvelle (26) * Patriotes et sympathisants (12) * Rassembler la Martinique (3) |
| Elections | |
| Voting system | Proportional representation, two round voting |
| Last election | 2010 |
| Website | |
| www.region-martinique.mq | |


title: Relax, I'm from the Future

abstract: Relax, I'm from the Future is a 2022 Canadian sci-fi comedy film, written and directed by Luke Higginson and starring Rhys Darby and Gabrielle Graham.

text:
# Relax, I'm from the Future

***Relax, I'm from the Future*** is a 2022 Canadian sci-fi comedy film, written and directed by Luke Higginson and starring Rhys Darby and Gabrielle Graham.

## Synopsis

Casper is a time traveller from the future who arrives in the 2020s in an attempt to escape his boring and lonely life in the late 22nd century, intending to finance a comfortable and inconspicuous existence through knowledge of future sporting events and lottery results. He befriends Holly, a queer black woman whom he draws into his plans so that they can make quick money. Wanting to keep the flow of events in the future unaltered, he attempts to convince a suicidal artist, Percy, to kill himself by jumping off a building rather than by gunshot, as the artist's future fame hinges on that method of death. Percy is now unwilling to commit suicide, however. Before long the events draw the attention of Doris, another time traveller sent as a local enforcement agent to intercept any disruptors from the future trying to prevent a major cataclysmic event in the 2070s.

## Cast

## Production and distribution

The film is an expansion of Higginson's 2013 short film of the same name, which starred Zachary Bennett as the time traveller and Rick Roberts as Percy, a man whose preparations to commit suicide the traveller interrupts with the news that Percy isn't in the place where he's supposed to die. That scene is reenacted in the feature film, with Julian Richings in the role of Percy. Despite not playing the leading role in the feature film, Bennett still appears in a supporting role.

The film was shot in Hamilton, Ontario, in November and December 2021.

*Relax, I'm from the Future* premiered at the 2022 Fantasia Film Festival and was commercially released on September 22, 2023.

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an 80% "Fresh" score, with an average rating of 6.8/10, based on 20 reviews.

## Awards

At the 2022 Fantasia Film Festival, the film received a bronze medal in the Best Canadian Film category.

## InfoBox

| Relax, I'm from the Future | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Luke Higginson |
| Written by | Luke Higginson |
| Produced by | * Tim Doiron * James van der Woerd |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Russ De Jong |
| Edited by | Luke Higginson |
| Music by | * Bryan Bindon * Deanna H. Choi |
| Production<br>company | Wango Films |
| Distributed by | Game Theory Films |
| Release dates | * July 20, 2022 (2022-07-20) (Fantasia) * September 22, 2023 (2023-09-22) |
| Running time | 94 minutes |
| Country | Canada |
| Language | English |


title: Released for Death

abstract: Released for Death is a 1938 crime thriller novel by British writer, Henry Wade. Wade was a writer of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, best known for his series featuring Inspector Poole. This was amongst a number of stand-alone novels he wrote. It has elements of an inverted detective story, rather than the traditional closed circle of suspects.

text:
# Released for Death

***Released for Death*** is a 1938 crime thriller novel by British writer, Henry Wade. Wade was a writer of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, best known for his series featuring Inspector Poole. This was amongst a number of stand-alone novels he wrote. It has elements of an inverted detective story, rather than the traditional closed circle of suspects.

## Synopsis

Two convicts at Hadstone prison are approaching the end of their sentences. Shortly after their release, an ex-prison warder, with whom they had clashed is murdered, and all the evidence pointed to one of the men. The investigating detective, Constable Bragg begins to believe he may have been framed by his fellow convict.

## Bibliography

* Magill, Frank Northen . *Critical Survey of Mystery and Detective Fiction: Authors, Volume 4*. Salem Press, 1988.
* Reilly, John M. *Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers*. Springer, 2015.

## InfoBox

Released for Death
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Henry Wade |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Thriller |
| Publisher | Constable |
| Publication date | 1938 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print |


title: Renincarnated

abstract: Renincarnated is the fourth album by rapper MC Ren, released October 31, 2009, on his own record label Villain Entertainment. The album marked MC Ren's comeback after not having released an album in eleven years since 1998's Ruthless for Life., The album was a download-only album, with no physical edition currently available. It is his first album since he declined a major label deal in 2002 off the back of a series of high-profile appearances on hit albums for Dr. Dre and Ice Cube.

text:
# Renincarnated

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| HipHopDX |  |

***Renincarnated*** is the fourth album by rapper MC Ren, released October 31, 2009, on his own record label Villain Entertainment.

The album marked MC Ren's comeback after not having released an album in eleven years since 1998's *Ruthless for Life*., The album was a download-only album, with no physical edition currently available. It is his first album since he declined a major label deal in 2002 off the back of a series of high-profile appearances on hit albums for Dr. Dre and Ice Cube.

## Commercial performance

The album went on to sell 650 digital downloads in its first week after which it sold more than 3,000 digital copies in the US.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Renincarnated" | Tha Chill | 4:20 |
| 2. | "Knock'em Out The Box" | Tha Chill | 4:08 |
| 3. | "Showtime" | Tha Chill | 4:10 |
| 4. | "Down For Whatever" |  | 3:44 |
| 5. | "West Coastin'" |  | 3:30 |
| 6. | "Villainist Tales" | Apocolypse | 2:59 |
| 7. | "Shootin' The Shit A Lil' Bit" |  | 2:50 |
| 8. | "Black Star Line" |  | 3:15 |
| 9. | "Return Of The Villain" | MC Ren | 4:06 |
| 10. | "V-Funk" | E-A-Ski | 4:11 |

## Singles

### "Renincarnated"

* The first single from the *Renincarnated* album, and the first from MC Ren's label Villain Entertainment. It was on released August 11, 2009, and is his first single since "Who in the Fuck" in 1998.

### "Showtime"

* The second single from *Renincarnated* was released on November 8, 2009.

## InfoBox

| Renincarnated | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by MC Ren | |
| Released | October 31, 2009 |
| Recorded | 2008–2009 |
| Genre | Gangsta rap |
| Length | 36:57 |
| Label | Villain Entertainment Fontana |
| Producer |  |
| MC Ren chronology | |
| *Ruthless For Life*
(1998) ***Renincarnated***
(2009) *Rebel Music*
(2015) | |


title: Regnum Marianum Community

abstract: The Regnum Marianum Community, or Regnum Marianum, is a Roman Catholic religious community in Hungary. Its name comes from the traditional use in Hungarian of Regnum Marianum as a name for Hungary.

text:
# Regnum Marianum Community

The **Regnum Marianum Community**, or **Regnum Marianum**, is a Roman Catholic religious community in Hungary. Its name comes from the traditional use in Hungarian of *Regnum Marianum* as a name for Hungary.

## History

Regnum Marianum was started by a group of diocesan Catholic priests, who gathered, educated and raised youth in one of the impoverished suburbs of Budapest in the last decade of the 19th century. These priests gave mostly religious instruction in the neighbouring schools and took special care of the poor children. Regnum Marianum was formally founded in 1902 and is registered as "congregation of Mary" in Rome.

Shortly after the introduction of the boy scouting movement into Hungary, Regnum was among its first propagators, and became one of the founders of the Hungarian Scout Association in 1912. However, the formal connection between scouting and Regnum Marianum has ended at the end of the 1940s. The Regnum Marianum Community exerted its influence through religious instruction, boy scout activities and publishing the monthly "Zászlónk" (Our Flag, circulation about 10-20 thousands), where they presented a very attractive model of Catholic youth in the age group from 1p to 18. The Regnum continued its usual work, until the end of the World War II, when Soviet troops occupied Hungary.

In 1951, when the Soviet-backed Communists finished the takeover of Hungary, the activity of Regnum Marianum had been banned, just like almost all religious institutes and communities related to the church.

The Regnum Marianum Community was the only Catholic youth care group in Hungary. Despite constant harassment, continuously worked under the Communist regime, it secretly organizing groups, meetings, summer camps and other events. Some of the priests and the lay group-leaders were sentenced in three separate conceptional trials (in 1961, 1965 and 1971) to a sum of 72 years, most of it being served. Other forms of persecutions (firing from jobs, nonacceptance to universities, moving priests to faraway, run-down parishes) were abundant as well.

## Spirituality

Regnum Marianum is a Catholic community, without any innovative theology. Originally, Regnum was a community of diocesan priests, teaching and raising boys 10 to 18 by following the model of Saint Philip Neri and Don Bosco. After 1951, girls also joined the groups, and the age of members was growing. Now, the Regnum is a community of priests and lay people, taking care of everybody from the youngest to the elderly. Some say, that Regnum is a parish without a geographical area.

Regnum is a special Hungarian community, with very few links to international movements, but their activities resemble those of *Communione e Liberazione* in Italy.

## Today

Since the fall of the Communism in Hungary in 1989 Regnum could appear openly in the public life. Using its tradition and potential, it takes part in the re-evangelization of Hungary. In 2005, it had approximately 2500 members.

Members take part in the everyday life of the Church and are active in other Christian movements as well.


title: Renaissance Man (album)

abstract: Renaissance Man is an album by Jaimoe's Jasssz Band, a group led by drummer and percussionist Jaimoe, best known as a founding member of The Allman Brothers Band. On the album, which was released in 2011 by Lil' Johnieboy Records, Jaimoe is joined by guitarist and vocalist Junior Mack, saxophonists Kris Jensen and Paul Lieberman, trumpeter Reggie Pittman, keyboardists Bruce Katz and Jon Davis, and bassist David Stoltz. Percussionists Lafrae Olivia Sci and Marc Quiñones also appear on several tracks. Renaissance Man, which features a blend of covers and original songs by band members, was the Jasssz Band's first studio release, following two live albums. According to Jaimoe, the album is "completely different" from the first two recordings, and he noted that "the band has evolved in different ways. From bebop with no vocals, to vocals and now three horns." When asked to describe the band, he responded: "We are a jamband... and we play jazz, which is American music. We haven't gotten any hillbilly in there yet, but we play just about everything."

text:
# Renaissance Man (album)

***Renaissance Man*** is an album by Jaimoe's Jasssz Band, a group led by drummer and percussionist Jaimoe (also referred to as Jai Johanny Johanson), best known as a founding member of The Allman Brothers Band. On the album, which was released in 2011 by Lil' Johnieboy Records, Jaimoe is joined by guitarist and vocalist Junior Mack, saxophonists Kris Jensen and Paul Lieberman, trumpeter Reggie Pittman, keyboardists Bruce Katz and Jon Davis, and bassist David Stoltz. Percussionists Lafrae Olivia Sci and Marc Quiñones also appear on several tracks.

*Renaissance Man*, which features a blend of covers and original songs by band members, was the Jasssz Band's first studio release, following two live albums. According to Jaimoe, the album is "completely different" from the first two recordings, and he noted that "the band has evolved in different ways. From bebop with no vocals, to vocals and now three horns." When asked to describe the band, he responded: "We are a jamband... and we play jazz, which is American music. We haven't gotten any hillbilly in there yet, but we play just about everything."

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Goldmine* |  |
| *One Way Out: The Inside History of the Allman Brothers Band* |  |

A reviewer for *Goldmine* stated that the "Allman stamp is all over" the album, and noted that Junior Mack "sings so sweet and soulful and positively stings that guitar." The reviewer concluded: "Jaimoe knows what to do. Still."

Louis R. Carlozo of *The Christian Century* called the album "an accomplished mix of blues, jazz-pop and jam-band music," and praised the band's version of "Melissa" for its "sublime sweetness."

Writing for *Relix*, Brad Farberman commented: "As evidenced by his work with the Allmans... Jaimoe is all about the band, and the focus here is most often on the ensemble as a whole."

In an article for *Something Else!*, Nick Deriso described the album as "a bubbling roux of soul-lifting Southern rock..., simmering R&B and swinging polyrhythmic verve."

*Cincinnati CityBeat'*s Brian Baker wrote: "*Renaissance Man* is tailor-made for fans of the Allman Brothers by one of the band's legendary founders. It's a work that acknowledges its obvious roots and then finds new and fascinating directions to go within its well-travelled construct."

Eric Feber of *The Virginian-Pilot* remarked: "This offering by Jaimoe's Jasssz Band shows what a group of six seasoned music veterans can do when led by drummer extraordinaire Jai Johanny 'Jaimoe' Johanson... The septet crafts a swinging, skillfully executed body of jams embracing blues-rock, soul, jazz, pop-jazz and ballads... Jaimoe and his mates do it all and do it well."

Author Alan Paul called the album "a fantastic collection of songs" and "a sleeper album in the Allman Brothers Band family tree."

## Track listing

1. "Dilemma" (Junior Mack) – 8:49
2. "Drifting and Turning" (Junior Mack) – 7:49
3. "Leaving Trunk" (John Estes) – 6:32
4. "I Believe I'll Make a Change" (Junior Mack) – 6:36
5. "Rainy Night in Georgia" (Tony Joe White) – 5:44
6. "Hippology" (Bruce Katz) – 4:21
7. "Laurie Ann Blue" (Junior Mack) – 5:58
8. "Melissa" (Gregg Allman) – 5:43
9. "Simple Song" (David Stoltz) – 7:03
10. "Points of Friendship" (Reggie Pittman) – 5:36

## Personnel

* Jaimoe – drums
* Junior Mack – guitar, vocals
* Kris Jensen – tenor saxophone, baritone saxophone
* Paul Lieberman – alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, flute
* Reggie Pittman – trumpet, flugelhorn
* Bruce Katz – organ, piano
* Jon Davis – piano
* David Stoltz – bass
* Lafrae Olivia Sci – percussion (tracks 1 and 8)
* Marc Quiñones – percussion (track 7)

## InfoBox

| Renaissance Man | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Jaimoe's Jasssz Band | |
| Released | 2011 |
| Studio | Water Music, Hoboken, New Jersey |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 1:04:07 |
| Label | Lil' Johnieboy Records
17682 |
| Jaimoe's Jasssz Band chronology | |
| *Ed Blackwell Memorial Concert 02/27/2008*
(2008) ***Renaissance Man***
(2011) *Live at 2016 Wanee Music Festival*
(2016) | |


title: René Bertschy

abstract: René Bertschy was a Swiss jazz double-bassist and vocalist. Bertschy played with the Harlem Kiddies from 1935 to 1939, during which time the group toured throughout Europe, and recorded with Coleman Hawkins in 1937. He enlisted in the Swiss military during World War II, and concomitantly worked with Teddy Stauffer and Lanigiros. Following the war he formed an ensemble called the Continentals, which played throughout Europe and was active into the 1960s. Bertschy was married to Kitty Ramon, a vocalist who performed with Bertschy in an ensemble called the Swing Kiddies.

text:
# René Bertschy

**René Bertschy** (January 11, 1912, in Bern – November 28, 1999, in Zürich) was a Swiss jazz double-bassist and vocalist.

Bertschy played with the Harlem Kiddies from 1935 to 1939, during which time the group toured throughout Europe, and recorded with Coleman Hawkins in 1937. He enlisted in the Swiss military during World War II, and concomitantly worked with Teddy Stauffer and Lanigiros. Following the war he formed an ensemble called the Continentals, which played throughout Europe and was active into the 1960s.

Bertschy was married to Kitty Ramon, a vocalist who performed with Bertschy in an ensemble called the Swing Kiddies.


title: René Berthelot

abstract: René Berthelot, also known by his stage names Du Parc and Gros René, was a French actor and member of Molière's theatre troupe from 1647 to 1664.

text:
# René Berthelot

**René Berthelot** (? – 28 October 1664), also known by his stage names **Du Parc** and **Gros René**, was a French actor and member of Molière's theatre troupe from 1647 to 1664.

## Life

René Berthelot was born in Nantes, the son of a bourgeois, Pierre Berthelot, and was already a member of Charles Dufresne's provincial theatre troupe when Molière joined in 1647. In 1653 he married Marquise-Thérèse de Gorla, who was also to become a leading member of Molière's troupe and performed as Mlle. Du Parc after their marriage. The couple had two children, a daughter Catherine born in 1659 and a son Jean-Baptiste-René born in 1663.

Possessed of a rotund physique even in his youth, Berthelot capitalised on his large size to comic effect and specialised in playing gluttonous valets. Molière wrote the recurring role of Gros-René ("Fat René") in *Le Médecin volant*, *Le Dépit amoureux* and *Sganarelle* expressly for him. Berthelot also created the role of Ergaste (Valère's valet) in Molière's *L'École des maris* and probably Barbouillé in his *La Jalousie du Barbouillé*. One of his last appearances was as Eté (the personification of Summer) riding atop a real elephant in one of the pageants organized by Molière as part of *Plaisirs de l'Île enchantée*, an extravagant 7-day festival celebrating the building of Versailles.

Berthelot died in Paris on 28 October 1664, with his funeral taking place the following day at Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois. After his death, Marquise-Thérèse de Gorla was widely rumoured to have had an affair with Racine. She died in mysterious circumstances in 1668. Her and Berthelot's son Jean-Baptiste-René had no interest in a theatrical career and joined the French merchant navy.

## InfoBox

| René Berthelot | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Nantes, France |
| Died | (1664-10-28)28 October 1664<br>Paris, France |
| Other names | * Du Parc * Gros René |
| Known for | French actor and prominent member of Molière's theatre troupe |


title: RegreSSHion

abstract: RegreSSHion is a family of security bugs in the OpenSSH software that allows for an attacker to remotely execute code and gain potential root access on a machine running the OpenSSH Server. The vulnerability was discovered by the Qualys Threat Research Unit and was disclosed on July 1, 2024. It affected all prior versions of OpenSSH from 8.5p1 to 9.7p1 and was patched in release 9.8/9.8p1 on July 1, 2024. Qualys reported identifying over 14 million public facing OpenSSH instances potentially vulnerable to the attack. It affects glibc-based Linux systems; Windows and OpenBSD systems are not vulnerable to the attack.

text:
# RegreSSHion

**RegreSSHion** is a family of security bugs in the OpenSSH software that allows for an attacker to remotely execute code and gain potential root access on a machine running the OpenSSH Server. The vulnerability was discovered by the Qualys Threat Research Unit and was disclosed on July 1, 2024. It affected all prior versions of OpenSSH from 8.5p1 (March 3, 2021) to 9.7p1 (March 11, 2024) and was patched in release 9.8/9.8p1 on July 1, 2024. Qualys reported identifying over 14 million public facing OpenSSH instances potentially vulnerable to the attack. It affects glibc-based Linux systems; Windows and OpenBSD systems are not vulnerable to the attack.

## Disclosure

The vulnerability was publicly disclosed by Qualys on July 1, 2024. Qualys reported disclosing the vulnerability to the OpenSSH developers on May 19, approximately two months prior, and reported notifying OpenWall on June 20, 2024.

## Vulnerability

The regreSSHion vulnerability in OpenSSH results from a signal handler race condition in its server component (sshd). This issue is triggered when a client fails to authenticate within the LoginGraceTime period (default 120 seconds). When this timeout occurs, sshd's SIGALRM handler is called asynchronously, invoking functions that are not safe to use in signal handlers, such as syslog(). In versions \< 4.4p1, an attacker could exploit the `free()` function during `syslog()` within the signal handler. However, in versions from 8.5p1 to 9.7p1, both the `free()` and `malloc()` functions are targeted.

This vulnerability is a regression of CVE-2006-5051, reintroduced in OpenSSH 8.5p1 (October 2020) due to the accidental removal of a crucial directive that had mitigated the earlier vulnerability. The directive transformed unsafe calls into a safe \_exit(1) call.

## Affected versions

***Note**: The following versions are referring to the upstream versions. Checking the versions shipped by e.g. linux Distros is not enough to validate it being vulnerable or not as many have backported fixes to older versions. E.g. Debian's OpensSSH version 9.7p1-7* *and Rocky Linux's OpenSSH version 8.7p1-38.4* *are also NOT Vulnerable.*

| Legend: | Vulnerable | Not Vulnerable |
| --- | --- | --- |

| Release | Status | Date |
| --- | --- | --- |
| \< 4.4p1 | Vulnerable if not patched against CVE-2006-5051 or CVE-2008-4109 | Before Sep. 27th, 2006 |
| 4.4p1 ≤ OpenSSH \< 8.5p1 | Not vulnerable due to presence of mitigation directive | Sep. 27th, 2006 - Mar. 3rd, 2021 |
| 8.5p1 ≤ OpenSSH \< 9.8p1 | Vulnerable again because the directive was removed | Mar. 3rd, 2021 - Jul. 1st, 2024 |
| ≥ 9.8p1 | Patched officially | After Jul. 1st, 2024 |

## Terminology

According to Qualys, the bug was named "regreSSHion" as a reference to a regression bug affecting OpenSSH.

## InfoBox

RegreSSHion (security bug)
| CVE identifier(s) | CVE-2024-6387 |
| --- | --- |
| Date patched | 1 July 2024 (2024-07-01) |
| Discoverer | Qualys Threat Research Unit (TRU) |
| Affected software | OpenSSH (8.5p1–9.7p1) |


title: Regosol

abstract: A Regosol in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) is very weakly developed mineral soil in unconsolidated materials. Regosols are extensive in eroding lands, in particular in arid and semi-arid areas and in mountain regions. Internationally, Regosols correlate with soil taxa that are marked by incipient soil formation such as Entisols in the USDA soil taxonomy or Rudosols and possibly some Tenosols in the Australian Soil Classification. The group of Regosols is a taxonomic rest group containing all soils that could not be accommodated in any of the other groups. Excluded from the Regosols are weakly developed soils that classify as Leptosols, Arenosols or Fluvisols. These soils have AC-profiles. Profile development is minimal as a consequence of young age and/or slow soil formation. Land use and management of Regosols vary widely. Some Regosols are used for capital-intensive irrigated farming but the most common land use is low volume grazing. Regosols in mountain areas are best left under forest. Regosols occur in all climate zones without permafrost and at all elevations. Regosols are particularly common in arid areas, in the dry tropics and in mountain regions. Regosols cover an estimated 260 million hectares worldwide, mainly in arid areas in the mid-western United States, Northern Africa, the Near East and Australia. Some 50 million hectares of Regosols occur in the wet/dry tropics, most especially in northern Australia, and another 36 million hectares in mountain areas.

text:
# Regosol

A **Regosol** in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) is very weakly developed mineral soil in unconsolidated materials. Regosols are extensive in eroding lands, in particular in arid and semi-arid areas and in mountain regions. Internationally, Regosols correlate with soil taxa that are marked by incipient soil formation such as Entisols in the USDA soil taxonomy or Rudosols and possibly some Tenosols in the Australian Soil Classification.

The group of Regosols is a taxonomic rest group containing all soils that could not be accommodated in any of the other groups. Excluded from the Regosols are weakly developed soils that classify as Leptosols (very shallow soils), Arenosols (sandy soils) or Fluvisols (in recent alluvial deposits). These soils have AC-profiles. Profile development is minimal as a consequence of young age and/or slow soil formation.

Land use and management of Regosols vary widely. Some Regosols are used for capital-intensive irrigated farming but the most common land use is low volume grazing. Regosols in mountain areas are best left under forest.

Regosols occur in all climate zones without permafrost and at all elevations. Regosols are particularly common in arid areas, in the dry tropics and in mountain regions.

Regosols cover an estimated 260 million hectares worldwide, mainly in arid areas in the mid-western United States, Northern Africa, the Near East and Australia. Some 50 million hectares of Regosols occur in the wet/dry tropics, most especially in northern Australia, and another 36 million hectares in mountain areas.

## Further reading

* W. Zech, P. Schad, G. Hintermaier-Erhard: Soils of the World. Springer, Berlin 2022, Chapter 11.3.2. ISBN 978-3-540-30460-9


title: Research Ideas and Outcomes

abstract: The Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO) is a journal claimed to be both peer-reviewed, and open-access, published by Pensoft Publishers, stating a goal to promote transparency, reliability, and effectiveness in scientific research. Since its 2015 launch, the journal has been widely noticed on social media, with the proposal to publish practically any serious-looking submission being questioned.

text:
# Research Ideas and Outcomes

The ***Research Ideas and Outcomes*** (RIO) is a journal claimed to be both peer-reviewed, and open-access, published by Pensoft Publishers, stating a goal to promote transparency, reliability, and effectiveness in scientific research.

Since its 2015 launch, the journal has been widely noticed on social media, with the proposal to publish practically any serious-looking submission being questioned.

## History

The journal was established in 2015 with the idea of publishing research outputs of different kinds including computer programs, experimental data, and analysis workflows. One year after its foundation, it received a SPARC Innovator Award from the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition for its work in encouraging transparency in science.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in ProQuest databases.

## InfoBox

*Research Ideas and Outcomes*
| Discipline | Multidisciplinary |
| --- | --- |
| Language | English |
| Publication details | |
| History | 2015-present |
| Publisher | Pensoft Publishers |
| Frequency | Continuously |
| Open access | Yes |
| License | CC BY 4.0 |
| Standard abbreviations
 | |
| ISO 4 | *Res. Ideas Outcomes* |
| Indexing
 | |
| ISSN | 2367-7163
 |
| LCCN | 2017238083 |
| OCLC no. | 956261946 |
| Links | |
|  | |


title: Renaissance (Marcus Miller album)

abstract: Renaissance is the ninth solo studio album by American musician Marcus Miller. It was released on May 28, 2012 through Concord Jazz. Recording sessions took place at Sear Sound in New York City with additional recording at Hannibal Studio in Santa Monica and at the Music Shed in New Orleans. The album features contributions from Dr. John on vocals, Federico González Peña, Kris Bowers and Bobby Sparks on keyboards, Adam Rogers, Adam Agati and Paul Jackson Jr. on guitar, Louis Cato on drums, Ramon Yslas on percussion, Alex Han on alto saxophone, Maurice Brown and Sean Jones on trumpet, with guest appearances from Gretchen Parlato and Rubén Blades.

text:
# Renaissance (Marcus Miller album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| All About Jazz |  |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Financial Times* |  |
| *The Guardian* |  |

***Renaissance*** is the ninth solo studio album by American musician Marcus Miller. It was released on May 28, 2012 through Concord Jazz. Recording sessions took place at Sear Sound in New York City with additional recording at Hannibal Studio in Santa Monica and at the Music Shed in New Orleans. The album features contributions from Dr. John on vocals, Federico González Peña, Kris Bowers and Bobby Sparks on keyboards, Adam Rogers, Adam Agati and Paul Jackson Jr. on guitar, Louis Cato on drums, Ramon Yslas on percussion, Alex Han on alto saxophone, Maurice Brown and Sean Jones on trumpet, with guest appearances from Gretchen Parlato and Rubén Blades.

## Reception

Phil Wein of *No Treble* stated "This is definitely one of Marcus Miller’s best solo records and is an essential release for his fans and highly recommended for listeners who what to more occasionally get a taste of where Marcus is at. It’s not music to challenge a jazz audience with improvisation at the frontiers of sound, but you knew that. What it is: natural sounding music with intensity and groove designed to make an audience feel good. It’s funky music very well written and beautifully arranged. It’s smooth, soulful jazz. It’s deeply grooving music that combines jazz, funk, Brazilian and other influences effortlessly. It’s Marcus Miller at his best". S. Victor Aaron of *Something Else!* commented "*Renaissance* isn’t a revolutionary album, but there’s an attention to detail, the openness to a multitude of styles, and Miller’s strongest set of songs in some time. All of those things seemed to inspire the younger generation of players in his band to play up to the material and respond to Miller’s direction with a rare combination of looseness and preciseness. Where those guys go from here, that’s where the real rebirth will happen".

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Detroit" | Marcus Miller | 5:45 |
| 2. | "Redemption" | Marcus Miller | 6:09 |
| 3. | "February" | Marcus Miller | 4:15 |
| 4. | "Slippin' into Darkness" |  | 9:17 |
| 5. | "Setembro (Brazilian Wedding Song)" (featuring Gretchen Parlato & Rubén Blades) |  | 6:39 |
| 6. | "Jekyll & Hyde" | Marcus Miller | 6:30 |
| 7. | "Nocturnal Mist" (Interlude) | Luther "Mano" Hanes | 1:16 |
| 8. | "Revelation" | Marcus Miller | 4:46 |
| 9. | "Mr. Clean" | Weldon Irvine, Jr. | 5:01 |
| 10. | "Gorée (Go-ray)" | Marcus Miller | 5:38 |
| 11. | "Cee-Tee-Eye" | Marcus Miller | 7:39 |
| 12. | "Tightrope" |  | 5:46 |
| 13. | "I'll Be There" |  | 3:48 |
| Total length: | | | 1:12:29 |

## Personnel

Technical * Harold Goode – associate producer, executive producer
* Harry Martin Jr. – executive producer
* David Isaac – mixing (tracks: 1-8, 11)
* Taka Honda – mixing (tracks: 10, 12, 13), additional recording
* Bruce A. Miller – mixing (track 9)
* Chris Allen – recording
* Chris Finney – additional recording
* Kevin Harper – assistant engineer
* George Shaw – assistant engineer
* Darcy Proper – mastering
* Jack Frisch – art direction & design
* Mathieu Zazzo – photography
* Josh Semolik – photography
* Bibi Green – photography, management

## Chart history

| Chart (2012) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 141 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia) | 138 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 26 |
| French Albums (SNEP) | 63 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 80 |
| UK Jazz & Blues Albums (OCC) | 5 |
| US *Billboard* 200 | 170 |
| US Top Jazz Albums (*Billboard*) | 1 |
| US Heatseekers Albums (*Billboard*) | 3 |

*Marcus Miller – Renaissance* at Discogs (list of releases)

## InfoBox

| Renaissance | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Marcus Miller | |
| Released | May 28, 2012 (2012-05-28) |
| Studio | * Sear Sound, New York City * Hannibal Studio, Santa Monica, California * The Music Shed, New Orleans, Louisiana |
| Genre | Jazz-funk |
| Length | 1:12:29 |
| Label | Concord Jazz |
| Producer |  |
| Marcus Miller chronology | |
| *Marcus*
(2008) ***Renaissance***
(2012) *Afrodeezia*
(2015) | |


title: Reno (surname)

abstract:
Reno is the surname of:
  - Don Reno (1927–1984), American country musician
  - Ginette Reno, French-Canadian author
  - Ittie Kinney Reno (1862–1941), American novelist and social leader
  - Jack Reno (1935–2008), American country singer
  - Janet Reno (1938–2016), attorney general of the United States
  - Jean Reno, French actor
  - Jesse L. Reno (1823–1862), American military general during the Mexican–American and American Civil Wars
  - Jesse W. Reno (1861–1947), American inventor of the escalator
  - Jim Reno (1929–2008), American bronze sculptor
  - Jimmy Reno, American Christian country music singer
  - Marcus Reno (1834–1889), American cavalry officer who was present at the Battle of Little Big Horn
  - Max E. Reno (1926–2004), American politician
  - Michael Reno, American composer and musician
  - Mike Reno, Canadian rock musician
  - Milo Reno (1866–1936), American farmer
  - Nancy Reno, American beach volleyball player
  - Noelle Reno, American marketing leader, public speaker, and influencer
  - R. R. Reno, American magazine editor, writer, and theologian
  - Stephen Reno, American academic administrator
  - Tosca Reno, Canadian author and nutritionist
  - Vincent Reno (1911–1990), American mathematician and spy for the Soviets
  - Walter E. Reno (1881–1917), American naval officer
  - William H. Reno, American Army general
  - Franklin (Frank), John, Simeon (Sim) and William (Bill) Reno, members of the Reno Gang, an American Civil War criminal gang
  - Reno (comedian), American stand-up comedian, born Karen Reno in 1956

text:
# Reno (surname)

**Reno** is the surname of:

* Don Reno (1927–1984), American country musician
* Ginette Reno (born 1946), French-Canadian author
* Ittie Kinney Reno (1862–1941), American novelist and social leader
* Jack Reno (1935–2008), American country singer
* Janet Reno (1938–2016), attorney general of the United States
* Jean Reno (born 1948), French actor
* Jesse L. Reno (1823–1862), American military general during the Mexican–American and American Civil Wars
* Jesse W. Reno (1861–1947), American inventor of the escalator
* Jim Reno (1929–2008), American bronze sculptor
* Jimmy Reno (born 1969), American Christian country music singer
* Marcus Reno (1834–1889), American cavalry officer who was present at the Battle of Little Big Horn
* Max E. Reno (1926–2004), American politician
* Michael Reno (born 1952), American composer and musician
* Mike Reno (born 1955), Canadian rock musician
* Milo Reno (1866–1936), American farmer
* Nancy Reno (born 1965), American beach volleyball player
* Noelle Reno (born 1983), American marketing leader, public speaker, and influencer
* R. R. Reno (born 1959), American magazine editor, writer, and theologian
* Stephen Reno, American academic administrator
* Tosca Reno (born 1959), Canadian author and nutritionist
* Vincent Reno (1911–1990), American mathematician and spy for the Soviets
* Walter E. Reno (1881–1917), American naval officer
* William H. Reno (born 1936), American Army general
* Franklin (Frank), John, Simeon (Sim) and William (Bill) Reno, members of the Reno Gang (died 1868), an American Civil War criminal gang
* Reno (comedian), American stand-up comedian, born Karen Reno in 1956


title: Battle of Big Bend

abstract: The Battle of Big Bend was the last major battle of the Rogue River Wars. It began on May 27, 1856 and ended on May 28, 1856. The battle was fought along the Rogue River, eight miles upriver from Agness, Oregon. "The battle was fought between one reinforced Army company; Company "C", 1st Dragoons, and a large group of Indians from many different bands. Captain Andrew Jackson Smith was the commanding officer of Company "C" during the battle, and Chief John, a member of the Dakubetede Indian band, lead all the warriors." Under Smith's Command were 66 enlisted men from Company "C" of the 1st Cavalry Regiment, 30 enlisted men from Company "E" of the 4th Infantry Regiment, and 54 enlisted men from Company "G" of the 4th Infantry Regiment. The orders of the G Company were to accompany Smith's forces to Big Bend and then return to Oak Flat on the Illinois River.

text:
# Battle of Big Bend

The **Battle of Big Bend** was the last major battle of the Rogue River Wars. It began on May 27, 1856 and ended on May 28, 1856. The battle was fought along the Rogue River, eight miles upriver from Agness, Oregon. "The battle was fought between one reinforced Army company; Company "C", 1st Dragoons, and a large group of Indians from many different bands. Captain Andrew Jackson Smith was the commanding officer of Company "C" during the battle, and Chief John, a member of the Dakubetede Indian band, lead all the warriors."

Under Smith's Command were 66 enlisted men from Company "C" of the 1st Cavalry Regiment, 30 enlisted men from Company "E" of the 4th Infantry Regiment, and 54 enlisted men from Company "G" of the 4th Infantry Regiment. The orders of the G Company were to accompany Smith's forces to Big Bend and then return to Oak Flat on the Illinois River.

## Battle

On the morning of the 27th, several Natives came to Smith's camp at Big Bend and alerted them that more Natives were on the way. Later that morning, a group of armed Natives formed outside the camp. Upon realizing that much of the growing group were followers of Chief John, Smith placed his entire command under arms.

The first shots of the battle were fired at around 11:00am by the Natives. The attackers led a consistent assault throughout the day on Smith's position on the high ground. By the night of the 27th, US troops had suffered four killed and 15 wounded.

At about 4:00am the next morning, the firing resumed when Natives noticed US troop movements as they attempted to improve their defensive positions. Shooting continued for the next 12 hours. at 4:00pm, Captain Augur's forces from Company "G" arrived at the battle and attacked Native positions, pushing them back. Smith then commanded Sweitzer's forces from Company "E" to assault Native positions as well.

On the night of the 28th, Natives began to surrender to the US Army. By the 30th of May, 185 Natives had surrendered at Big Bend.

## Aftermath

The Battle of Big Bend left a total of 10 US troops dead and 17 wounded. Seven of the deaths were from Company "C", one from Company "E", and two from Company "G". Of the 17 wounded, 9 came from Company "C", 5 from Company "E", and 3 from Company "G". The number of Native casualties remains unknown as the dead and wounded were taken from the battlefield.

The Army victory at Big Bend brought an end to the hostilities in the Rogue River Valley, with all of the natives being moved from southwest Oregon to the Siletz Indian Reservations during June and July 1856.

## InfoBox

| Battle of Big Bend | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of The Rogue River Wars | |
| Date May 27–28, 1856  Location near present-day Agness, Oregon, United States  Result  United States Victory
Conclusion of the Rogue River Wars | |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Andrew Jackson Smith (C Company)
Lt. Nelson B. Sweitzer (E Company)
Captain Christopher C. Augur (G Company) | Chief John |
| Units involved | |
| United States Army | |
| Strength | |
| C Company:
66 enlisted men
One Army Surgeon
One civilian guide
E Company:
30 enlisted men
G Company:
54 enlisted men | 150 Native Americans (est.) |
| Casualties and losses | |
| 10 killed
17 wounded | unknown killed or wounded
185 surrendered |