title: Stemphylium vesicarium

abstract: Stemphylium vesicarium is a plant pathogen infecting many plants including onion, garlic, asparagus, and pear.

text:
# Stemphylium vesicarium

***Stemphylium vesicarium*** is a plant pathogen infecting many plants including onion, garlic, asparagus, and pear.

## InfoBox

| *Stemphylium vesicarium* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Stemphylium vesicarium* infecting leaves of a pear tree | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Dothideomycetes |
| Order: | Pleosporales |
| Family: | Pleosporaceae |
| Genus: | *Stemphylium* |
| Species: | ***S. vesicarium*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Stemphylium vesicarium***<br>(Wallr.) E.G. Simmons, (1969) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| Synonymy (in alphabetic order) * *Alternaria putrefaciens* (Fuckel) E.G. Simmons, Mycotaxon 55: 41 (1995) * *Ampullina herbarum* (Pers.) Quél., Mém. Soc. Émul. Montbéliard, Sér. 2 5: 525 (1875) * *Cryptosphaeria herbarum* (Pers.) Grev., Fl. Edin.: 361 (1824) * *Clasterosporium putrefaciens* (Fuckel) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 4: 393 (1886) * *Clasterosporium putrefaciens* var. *crucipes* Speschnew, Fungi paras. transcuic 5: 10 (1901) * *Delacourea samarae* (Fuckel) Cooke, Grevillea 18(no. 85): 12 (1889) * *Exormatostoma herbarum* (Pers.) Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (London) 1: 522 (1821) * *Helminthosporium vesicarium* Wallr. \[as 'Helmisporium'\], Fl. crypt. Germ. (Norimbergae) 2: 166 (1833) * *Macrosporium cheiranthi* var. *echinellum* (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berk. & M.A. Curtis, in Berkeley, Grevillea 3 (no. 27): 105 (1875) * *Macrosporium commune* Rabenh., Fungi europ. exsicc.: no. 1360 (1870) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *arachidis* Sacc., Annls mycol. 13(2): 126 (1915) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *brassicae* Brunaud, Act. Soc. linn. Bordeaux 52: 148 (1897) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *calotropidis* Trotter, Nuovo G. bot. ital., n.s. 23: 30 (1916) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *calotropis* Trotter, Annls mycol. 10(5): 514 (1912) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *campanulae* D. Sacc., Mycotheca ital.: no. 794 (1901) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *heraclei* Brunaud, Act. Soc. linn. Bordeaux 52: 148 (1897) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *lactucae-scarilolae* Kabát & Bubák, Fungi Imperfecti exs., Fasc.: no. 345 (1906) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *leguminum* Roum., Revue mycol., Toulouse 7(no. 25): 91 (1885) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *musae* Berl. & Roum., Revue mycol., Toulouse 9(no. 35): 164 (1887) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *pisi* Gonz. Frag., Mém. R. Soc. Española Hist. Nat. 11: 195 (1919) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *ricinis-communis* Berl. & Roum., Revue mycol., Toulouse 9(no. 35): 164 (1887) * *Macrosporium commune* f. *syringae* Roum., Revue mycol., Toulouse 7(no. 25): 102 (1885) * *Macrosporium commune* var. *arachidis* Sacc., Annls mycol. 13(2): 126 (1915) * *Macrosporium commune* var. *echinellum* (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 4: 524 (1886) * *Macrosporium' commune* var. *theicola* Speschnew, Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 6: 119 (1904) * *Macrosporium echinellum* Berk. & M.A. Curtis, in Curtis, Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Carol. 3: 128 (1867) * *Macrosporium parasiticum* Thüm., Mycoth. Univ., cent. 7: no. 667 (1877) * *Macrosporium sarcinula* Berk., Ann. nat. Hist., Mag. Zool. Bot. Geol. 1: 261 (1838) * *Macrosporium vesicarium* (Wallr.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 4: 537 (1886) * *Phoma albicans* Roberge ex Desm., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3 11(2): 284 (1849) * *Phomopsis albicans* (Roberge ex Desm.) Syd. & P. Syd., Mycotheca Germanica 20-21: no. 1012 (1911) * *Pleospora albicans* Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23-24: 131 (1870) * *Pleospora alfalfae* E.G. Simmons, Sydowia 38: 292 (1986) * *Pleospora allii* (Rabenh.) Ces. & De Not., Comm. Soc. crittog. Ital. 1(fasc. 4): 218 (1863) * *Pleospora asparagi* Rabenh., Klotzschii Herb. Viv. Mycol., Edn Nov, Ser. Sec., Cent. 8: no. 750 (1858) * *Pleospora asparagi* Rabenh. ex Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 268 (1883) * *Pleospora cheiranthi* Cocc. & Morini, Mém. R. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna, Ser. 4 5: no. 196 (1883) * *Pleospora denotata* (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 251 (1883) * *Pleospora euonymi* Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23-24: 133 (1870) * *Pleospora euonymi* f. *caulicola* Grove, J. Bot., Lond. 71: 285 (1933) * *Pleospora euonymi* f. *ramealis* Feltgen, Vorstud Pilzfl. Luxemb., Nachtr. IV: 86 (1905) * *Pleospora excavata* var. *basitricha* (Durieu & Mont.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 248 (1883) * *Pleospora frangulae* Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23-24: 133 (1870) * *Pleospora gymnocladi* Bagnis, Atti R. Acad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., sér. 3 1: 829 (1877) * *Pleospora herbarum* (Pers.) Rabenh., Klotzschii Herb. Viv. Mycol., Edn Nov, Ser. Sec., Cent. 6: no. 547 (1857) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *amaryllidis* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *buphthalmi* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *camelliae* Speg., Anal. Soc. cient. argent. 50(1): 37 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *cheiranthi-cheiri* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *centranthi-rubri* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *citrorum* Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 8): 417 (1882) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *chimonanthi* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *crini* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *dahliae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *daturae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *euonymi* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *eriobotryae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *ferulae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *florentina* Cif., Boll. Soc. bot. ital., 1923(1-2): 99 (1923) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *foliicola* Rehm, Ascomyceten: no. 145 (1873) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *lactucum* Padhi & Snyder, Phytopathology 44: 179 (1954) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *liriodendri* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 100 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *lilii-martagonis* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *lonicerae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *magnoliae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *mahoniae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *marrubii* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 100 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *microspora* Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 247 (1883) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *minor* Niessl ex Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 247 (1883) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *nepetae* Gonz. Frag., Trab. Mus. Nac. Cienc. Nat., Ser. Bot. 4: 22 (1914) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *phaseoli* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *psoraleae* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 100 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *resedae* Rehm, Ascomyceten, Fasc. 10: no. 486 (1878) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *robusta* Niessl ex Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 247 (1883) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *rubiae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *rutae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *scillae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *scrophulariae* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *siliquaria* J. Kunze, in Rehm, Ascomyceten: no. 340 (1876) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *smilacis* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 13: 33 (1900) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *solidaginis* Gonz. Frag., Trab. Mus. Nac. Cienc. Nat., Ser. Bot. 4: 22 (1914) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *spartii* Pollacci, Atti Ist. Bot. 'Giovanni Briosi' 5: 37 (1896) * *Pleospora herbarum* f. *viburni* Scalia, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 14: 20 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *asperulina* Bubák, Annln K. K. naturh. Hofmus. Wien 28(1-2): 201 (1914) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *brassicae* Sacc., Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 5(4): 120 (1890) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *cheiranthi* (Cocc. & Morini) Sacc. & Traverso, Syll. fung. (Abellini) 20: 439 (1911) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *cleomes* Bubák, Annln K. K. naturh. Hofmus. Wien 28(1-2): 201 (1914) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *coluteicola* Henn., Verh. bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. 47: XI (1905) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *coronillae* Gonz. Frag., Trab. Mus. Nac. Cienc. Nat., Ser. Bot. 12: 18 (1917) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *coryphae* Cavara & Mollica, Atti Accad. Giorn. di Sci. Natur., Catania, Ser. IV 19: 29 \[repr.\] (1906) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *euphrasiae* (Rabenh.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 1: 432 (1882) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *galii* Lambotte, Revue mycol., Toulouse 13(no. 49): 4 (1891) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *genistae-ibericae* Gonz. Frag., Trab. Mus. Nac. Cienc. Nat., Ser. Bot. 12: 18 (1917) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *halimodendri* Gonz. Frag., Trab. Mus. Nac. Cienc. Nat., Ser. Bot. 12: 18 (1917) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *ilicis* M. Bechet & N. Coman, Contr. Bot., Univ. Cluj-Napoca, Grăd. Bot.: 82 (1963) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *liriodendri* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 100 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *lolii* (P. Karst. & Har.) Mussat, in Saccardo, Syll. fung. (Abellini) 15: 296 (1901) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *marrubii* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 100 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *minuscula* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 101 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *occidentalis* Wehm., Lloydia 9: 218 (1946) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *ostryae* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 101 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *psoraleae* Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 100 (1888) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *rutae* Henn., Hedwigia 42: 218 (1903) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *silenicola* Speg., Anal. Mus. nac. Hist. nat. B. Aires 6: 284 (1898) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *spinicola* Feltgen, Vorstud Pilzfl. Luxemb., Nachtr. III: 189 (1903) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *symphoricarpi* Pass., Atti R. Acad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., sér. 4 6: no. 24 (1890) * *Pleospora herbarum* var. *triglochinis* Dearn. & House, N.Y. St. Mus. Bull. 266: 75 (1925) * *Pleospora labiatarum* (Cooke & Harkn.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 243 (1883) * *Pleospora leguminum* (Wallr.) Rabenh., Klotzschii Herb. Viv. Mycol., Edn Nov, Ser. Sec., Cent. 6: no. 548 (1857) * *Pleospora lolii* P. Karst. & Har., Revue mycol., Toulouse 12(no. 48): 171 (1890) * *Pleospora mali* Hesler, Mycologia 19(4): 223 (1927) * *Pleospora meliloti* Rabenh., in Saccardo, Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 246 (1883) * *Pleospora meliloti* f. *achilleae* Feltgen, Vorstud Pilzfl. Luxemb., Nachtr. III: 190 (1903) * *Pleospora pisi* (Sowerby) Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23-24: 131 (1870) * *Pleospora pomorum* A.S. Horne, J. Bot., Lond. 58: 239 (1920) * *Pleospora putrefaciens* A.B. Frank, Krankh. Pflanz. 2: 299 (1896) * *Pleospora salsolae* Fuckel, Hedwigia 3: 160 (1864) * *Pleospora samarae* Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23-24: 131 (1870) * *Pleospora salsolae* f. *schoberiae* Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 6): 69 (1880) * *Pleospora salsolae* var. *salsolae-peruvianae* Speg., in Saccardo, Syll. fung. (Abellini) 2: 248 (1883) * *Pleospora salsolae* var. *basitricha* (Durieu & Mont.) Berl., Nuovo G. bot. ital. 20(1): 122 (1888) * *Pleospora sedicola* E.G. Simmons, Harvard Pap. Bot. 6(1): 202 (2001) * *Pleospora tomatonis* E.G. Simmons, Harvard Pap. Bot. 6(1): 204 (2001) * *Pleospora typhae* Pass. ex Brunaud, Brunaud Liste Sphaerops: 20 (1889) * *Sphaeria allii* Rabenh., Klotzschii Herb. Viv. Mycol., Cent. 9: no. 838 (1846) * *Sphaeria brassicae* Lasch, in Rabenhorst, Klotzschii Herb. Viv. Mycol., Edn Nov, Ser. Sec., Cent. 6: no. 550 (1857) * *Sphaeria denotata* Cooke & Ellis, Grevillea 6(no. 37): 16 (1877) * *Sphaeria excavata* var. *basitricha* Durieu & Mont., in Durieu, Expl. Sci. Alg., Fl. Algér. 1(livr. 14): 526 (1848) * *Sphaeria herbarum* Pers., Syn. meth. fung. (Göttingen) 1: 78 (1801) * *Sphaeria herbarum* f. *euphrasiae* Rabenh., Fungi europ. exsicc. Klot. herb. vivi myco. cont., Edn nova. Ser. sec., Cent. 3: no. 258 (1860) * *Sphaeria labiatarum* Cooke & Harkn., Grevillea 9(no. 49): 8 (1880) * *Sphaeria leguminum* Wallr., Fl. crypt. Germ. (Norimbergae) 2: 771 (1833) * *Sphaeria pisi* Sowerby, Col. fig. Engl. Fung. Mushr. (London) 3(no. 27): tab. 393, fig. 8 (1803) * *Sporidesmium putrefaciens* Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23-24: 350 (1870) * *Stemphylium sedicola* E.G. Simmons, Harvard Pap. Bot. 6(1): 202 (2001) * *Stemphylium alfalfae* E.G. Simmons, Sydowia 38: 292 (1986) * *Stemphylium herbarum* E.G. Simmons, Sydowia 38: 291 (1986) * *Stemphylium tomatonis* E.G. Simmons, Harvard Pap. Bot. 6(1): 204 (2001) * *Stemphylium mali* Yong Wang bis & X.G. Zhang, Mycol. Progr. 8(4): 303 (2009) * *Stemphylium cremanthodii* Y.F. Pei & X.G. Zhang, Mycotaxon 109: 494 (2009) * *Stemphylium brassicicola* Y.F. Pei & X.G. Zhang, in Pei, Wang, Geng & Zhang, Mycotaxon 111: 169 (2010) * *Stemphylium commune* (Rabenh.) N.F. Buchw., Fung. Imp.: 92 (1939) * *Stemphylium parasiticum* (Thüm.) J.A. Elliott, Tech. Bull. Minn. agric. Exp. Stn 22: 43 (1924) * *Stigmatisphaera herbarum* (Pers.) Dumort., Comment. bot. (Tournay): 89 (1822) * *Thyrospora parasitica* (Thüm.) Angell, J. Agric. Res., Washington 38: 485 (1929) | |


title: Château de Chamirey

abstract: Château de Chamirey is a wine producer in the town of Mercurey, in Burgundy, France that produces white and red wine. They are best known for their Monopole wines, the Les Ruelles 1er cru red and the La Mission 1er cru white. The estate holds 37.7 hectares in Mercurey. 8.55 hectares of the estate's holdings are premier cru, of which 3.3 hectares are monopole vineyards

text:
# Château de Chamirey

**Château de Chamirey** is a wine producer in the town of Mercurey, in Burgundy, France that produces white and red wine. They are best known for their Monopole wines, the Les Ruelles 1er cru red and the La Mission 1er cru white. The estate holds 37.7 hectares (93 acres) in Mercurey. 8.55 hectares (21.1 acres) of the estate's holdings are premier cru, of which 3.3 hectares (8.2 acres) are monopole vineyards

## History

The château dates back to the early 18th century. At the end of the 18th century, a fire destroyed the adjacent chapel.

The château was acquired by the Marquis de Jouennes in 1932 and in 1934 he decided to begin estate bottling at Château de Chamirey. His son-in-law, Bertrand Devillard, took over the estate after that, and expanded the holdings to their present size.

Today, Amaury and Aurore Devillard, the grandchildren of Marquis de Jouennes, own the estate. The property is also used as a bottling facility for other Domaine Devillard owned estates, including Domaine de Perdrix, Domaine de la Ferte, Domaine du Cellier aux Moines and Domaine de La Garenne.

## Vineyards, viticulture, and winemaking

### Les Ruelles Premier Cru

Les Ruelles is a monopole of Château de Chamirey. The wine is made from hand-harvested, destemmed grapes, with fermentation taking place in open tanks over 15–18 days. It is aged in barrels, 25% of which are new. 100% malolactic fermentation takes place.

Grape variety: Pinot noir
Vineyard holding: 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres)

### La Mission Premier Cru

La Mission is a monopole of Château de Chamirey. The wine is made from hand-harvested grapes. It is entirely fermented and aged in barrels, 30% of which are new. 100% malolactic fermentation takes place.

Grape variety: Chardonnay
Vineyard holding: 1.8 hectares (4.4 acres)

### Clos du Roi Premier Cru

Clos du Roi is made from hand-harvested, destemmed grapes, with fermentation taking place in open tanks over 15–18 days. It is aged in barrels, 50% of which are new. 100% malolactic fermentation takes place.

Grape variety: Pinot noir
Vineyard holding: 3.3 hectares (8.2 acres)

### Château de Chamirey Mercurey Rouge

The Château's village-level red wine is made from grapes harvested from a dozen vineyards, including 4 premier cru—Champs Martins, Clos l'Evêque, En Sazeney, and Clos du Roi. The wine is made from hand-harvested, destemmed grapes, with fermentation taking place in open tanks over 15–18 days. It is aged in barrels, 30 to 40% of which are new. 100% malolactic fermentation takes place.

Grape variety: Pinot noir
Vineyard holding: 19.97 hectares (49.3 acres)

### Château de Chamirey Mercurey Blanc

The Château's village-level white wine is made from grapes harvested from five vineyards. The wine is made from hand-harvested grapes. 15% of it is fermented and aged in barrels, 10% of which are new. 100% malolactic fermentation takes place.

Grape variety: Chardonnay
Vineyard holding: 10.13 hectares (25.0 acres)

46°49′30″N 4°44′06″E / 46.825°N 4.735°E / 46.825; 4.735

## InfoBox

| Château de Chamirey | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Mercurey, France |
| First vintage | 1934 (90 years ago) |
| Parent company | Domaine Devillard |
| Cases/yr | Approximately 14,500 |
| Known for | Les Ruelles 1er cru rouge, La Mission 1er cru blanc |
| Varietals | Pinot noir, Chardonnay |
| Tasting | by appointment |
| Website | http://www.chamirey.com/ |


title: Tony Tebby

abstract: Tony Tebby is a computer programmer and the designer of Qdos, the computer operating system used in the Sinclair QL personal computer, while working as an engineer at Sinclair Research in the early 1980s. He left Sinclair Research in 1984 in protest at the premature launch of the QL, and formed QJUMP Ltd., a software house specializing in system software and utilities for the QL, based in Rampton, Cambridgeshire, England. Prior to this, he worked at the Philips Research Laboratories in Redhill, Surrey where he worked on realtime image processing, using electronic hardware rather than software. At that time, software would have been either a batch program on the PRL mainframe computer or, within the departmental laboratory, the Commodore PET. Among the software developed by QJUMP was SuperToolkit II, a collection of extensions to Qdos and SuperBASIC; a Qdos floppy disk driver which became the de facto standard for the various third-party floppy disk interfaces sold for the QL; and the QJUMP Pointer Environment, which extended the primitive display windowing facility of Qdos into something approaching a full GUI. Tebby also received a commission to write a Qdos-like operating system for the Atari ST; this was called SMS2. Tebby later moved to Le Grand-Pressigny, France, but continued his involvement in the QL user community. In the early 1990s, he developed SMSQ, a new Qdos-compatible OS, based on SMS2, for the Miracle Systems QXL, a QL emulator card for PCs. An enhanced version of SMSQ was ported to the Atari ST and various other QL emulators, being renamed SMSQ/E. He has also worked on Stella, an embedded operating system for 68000-series and ColdFire processors.

text:
# Tony Tebby

**Tony Tebby** is a computer programmer and the designer of Qdos, the computer operating system used in the Sinclair QL personal computer, while working as an engineer at Sinclair Research in the early 1980s.

He left Sinclair Research in 1984 in protest at the premature launch of the QL, and formed QJUMP Ltd., a software house specializing in system software and utilities for the QL, based in Rampton, Cambridgeshire, England.

Prior to this, he worked at the Philips Research Laboratories in Redhill, Surrey where he worked on realtime image processing, using electronic hardware rather than software. At that time, software would have been either a batch program on the PRL mainframe computer or, within the departmental laboratory, the Commodore PET.

Among the software developed by QJUMP was SuperToolkit II, a collection of extensions to Qdos and SuperBASIC; a Qdos floppy disk driver which became the *de facto* standard for the various third-party floppy disk interfaces sold for the QL; and the QJUMP Pointer Environment, which extended the primitive display windowing facility of Qdos into something approaching a full GUI. Tebby also received a commission to write a Qdos-like operating system for the Atari ST; this was called SMS2.

Tebby later moved to Le Grand-Pressigny, France, but continued his involvement in the QL user community. In the early 1990s, he developed SMSQ, a new Qdos-compatible OS, based on SMS2, for the Miracle Systems QXL, a QL emulator card for PCs. An enhanced version of SMSQ was ported to the Atari ST and various other QL emulators, being renamed SMSQ/E. He has also worked on Stella, an embedded operating system for 68000-series and ColdFire processors.


abstract: The Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in clinical and experimental neuropsychology. It was established in 1979 as the Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, obtaining its current name in 1985. It is published ten times per year by Routledge and the editors-in-chief are Lisa Rapport and Julie Suhr. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.853.

text:
# Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

The ***Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology*** is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in clinical and experimental neuropsychology. It was established in 1979 as the ***Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology***, obtaining its current name in 1985. It is published ten times per year by Routledge and the editors-in-chief are Lisa Rapport (Wayne State University) and Julie Suhr (Ohio University). According to the *Journal Citation Reports*, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.853.

## InfoBox

*Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology*
| Discipline | Neuropsychology |
| --- | --- |
| Language | English |
| Edited by | Lisa Rapport |
| Publication details | |
| Former name(s) | Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology |
| History | 1979-present |
| Publisher | Routledge |
| Frequency | 10/year |
| Impact factor | 2.475 (2020) |
| Standard abbreviations
 | |
| ISO 4 | *J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol.* |
| Indexing
 | |
| CODEN | JCENE8 |
| ISSN | 1380-3395 (print)
1744-411X (web)
 |
| LCCN | 2006233308 |
| OCLC no. | 1033573692 |
| Links | |
|  | |


title: Charles John Smith

abstract: Charles John Smith (1803–1838) was an English engraver.

text:
# Charles John Smith

**Charles John Smith** (1803–1838) was an English engraver.

## Life

He was born in 1803 at Chelsea where his father, James Smith, practised as a surgeon. He was a pupil of Charles Pye, and became an engraver of book illustrations of a topographical and antiquarian character. He was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1837, and died of paralysis in Albany Street, London, on 23 November 1838.

## Works

He executed a few of the later plates in Charles Stothard's *Monumental Effigies*, the views of houses and monuments in Edmund Cartwright's *Rape of Bramber*, 1830, and plates from illuminated manuscripts for Thomas Frognall Dibdin's *Tour in the Northern Counties of England*, 1838. In 1829 Smith published a series of *Autographs of Royal, Noble, and Illustrious Persons*, with memoirs by John Gough Nichols, and later started another serial work, *Historical and Literary Curiosities*, which he did not live to complete.

* "Smith, Charles John". *Dictionary of National Biography*. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Smith, Charles John". *Dictionary of National Biography*. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.


title: Rui L. Reis

abstract: Rui Luís Reis is a Portuguese scientist known for his research in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biomaterials, biomimetics, stem cells, and biodegradable polymers. Reis is a professor of at the University of Minho in Braga and Guimarães. He is the Founding Director of the 3B's Research Group, part of the Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics (I3Bs) of UMinho (www.i3bs.uminho.pt), a group that specializes in the areas of Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering, Stem Cells and Biomaterials. He is also the Director of the ICVS/3B's Associate Laboratory of UMinho. He is the CEO of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Rui L. Reis was, from 2013 to 2017, the Vice-Rector (vice-president) for research and innovation of UMinho. From 2007 to 2021 Reis was the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. From 2016 to 2018, he was president of the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society (TERMIS). Reis is in the board of several scientific societies, companies and associations. From 2017 to 2019, he was the President of TECMINHO - the technology transfer office of the University of Minho. Reis is the CEO of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Avepark, Guimarães. He co-founded different start up companies originating from the research and activities of 3B's research group, such as Stemmatters and HydruStent/HydruMedical. Reis is the current president of the I3B's research institute, and one of the most cited Portuguese researchers in science.

text:
# Rui L. Reis

**Rui Luís Reis** (born 19 April 1967) is a Portuguese scientist known for his research in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biomaterials, biomimetics, stem cells, and biodegradable polymers.

Reis is a professor of at the University of Minho in Braga and Guimarães. He is the Founding Director of the 3B's Research Group, part of the Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics (I3Bs) of UMinho (www.i3bs.uminho.pt), a group that specializes in the areas of Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering, Stem Cells and Biomaterials. He is also the Director of the ICVS/3B's Associate Laboratory of UMinho. He is the CEO of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Rui L. Reis was, from 2013 to 2017, the Vice-Rector (vice-president) for research and innovation of UMinho. From 2007 to 2021 Reis was the editor-in-chief of the *Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine*. From 2016 to 2018, he was president of the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society (TERMIS).

Reis is in the board of several scientific societies, companies and associations. From 2017 to 2019, he was the President of TECMINHO - the technology transfer office of the University of Minho. Reis is the CEO of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Avepark, Guimarães.

He co-founded different start up companies originating from the research and activities of 3B's research group, such as Stemmatters and HydruStent/HydruMedical.

Reis is the current president of the I3B's research institute, and one of the most cited Portuguese researchers in science.

## Biography

Reis was born and has always lived in Porto, being one of three children of a chemical engineering professor and a domestic. Reis spent a small part of his childhood in Metangula, Mozambique, a small town near Lake Niassa, while his father was engaged in military service during the Portuguese Colonial War. He is married with Olga Paiva and has one son, Bernardo Reis (born in 2001). He is a strong supporter of FC Porto.

Reis graduated in Metallurgical Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal, in 1990. He then completed a master's degree at the University of Porto, Portugal, in 1994. Reis did his PhD on Polymer Engineering – Biomaterials, Regenerative Medicine & Tissue Engineering, in the University of Minho, Portugal and Brunel University London, in 1999. He also completed a Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) degree on Biomedical Engineering \- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, by University of Minho, Portugal, in 2007. Reis has also received two Honoris Causa degrees: A first in Medicine from University of Granada, Spain, in 2010 and a second in Engineering from University Polytechnica of Bucharest, Romania, in 2018.

## Career

Reis is a researcher who has been involved in the field of biomaterials since 1990. He has worked with several universities and companies abroad.

Some of Reis' research has been on liver and neurological tissues regeneration, new strategies for antimicrobial materials, innovative high-throughput approaches for studying cell/materials interactions, as well as on TE approaches for developing different 3D disease models, including different cancer models, and therapies for treatment of diabetes and Alzheimers.

Reis has also been responsible for several cooperation programs with universities and companies worldwide. He has coordinated four major EU research projects, including the STREP "HIPPOCRATES".

Under HORIZON 2020, Reis was the coordinator of the ERA Chairs FoReCast grant for 3B's-UMinho. He has coordinated two TWINNING projects Gene2Skin and Chem2Nature, and is currently coordinating another TWINNING project. Until 2021, he was the coordinator of the 15 MEuros EC funded TEAMING proposal, "The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine" with UCL - University College London, UPorto, UAveiro, ULisboa, and UNova Lisboa. He is also the PI of a major project of the Portuguese roadmap for strategic infrastructures, TERM Research Hub.

## Honours and awards

* 2002: Jean LeRay Award by the European Society for Biomaterials for outstanding contributions to the biomaterials field as a young scientist
* 2007: Pfizer Award for Clinical Research
* 2007: START Innovation Award
* 2011: George Winter Award by the European Society for Biomaterials
* 2011: Gold Medal of Scientific Merit from the City of Guimarães
* 2014: Clemson Award for Contributions to the Literature by the Society for Biomaterials (SFB, USA)
* 2014: Nomination as a Commander (Comendador, a kind of knighthood) of the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword by the Portuguese President of the Republic
* 2015: International Fellow of Tissue Engineering of Regenerative Medicine (FTERM), Boston
* 2016: Induction as a foreigner member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) of the USA
* 2018: IET A F Harvey Prize – Institute of Engineering and Technology
* 2018: Induction as Fellow of the European Alliance for Medical and Biological Engineering and Science (EAMBES)
* 2018: UNESCO-Equatorial Guinea International Prize for Research in the Life Sciences
* 2018: Induction as Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE)
* 2018: Honoris Causa degree awarded by the University Politechnica of Bucharest (UPB)
* 2019: Career Achievement Award of the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society, TERMIS-EU
* 2020: Gold Medal of the City of Braga
* 2022: Klaas de Groot Award by the European Society for Biomaterials

## InfoBox

| Rui L. Reis | |
| --- | --- |
| Rui Luis Gonçalves dos Reis | |
|  | |
| Born | (1967-04-19) 19 April 1967<br>Porto, Portugal |
| Nationality | Portuguese |
| Citizenship | Portugal |
| Alma mater | University of Porto and University of Minho, Portugal |
| Known for | Biomaterials, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, controlled drug delivery, biomimetics, biodegradable polymers, natural origin materials, marine based resources, cork based materials |
| Spouse | Olga Paiva |
| Children | Bernardo Luis Reis |
| Website | www.3bs.uminho.pt |


title: Linda (beetle)

abstract:
Linda is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species: subgenus Dasylinda
  - Linda apicalis Pic, 1906
  - Linda fasciculata Pic, 1902
  - Linda javanica
  - Linda scopigera
  - Linda strbai Viktora & Lin, 2014 (Malaysia) subgenus Linda
  - Linda annamensis Breuning, 1954
  - Linda annulicornis Matsushita, 1933
  - Linda assamensis Breuning, 1954 (India)
  - Linda atricornis Pic, 1924
  - Linda bimaculicollis Breuning, 1954
  - Linda femorata
  - Linda fraterna
  - Linda frontalis Pu, 1988
  - Linda gracilicornis Pic, 1907 (China)
  - Linda javaensis Breuning, 1954 (Indonesia)
  - Linda macilenta Gressitt, 1947 (China)
  - Linda major Gressitt, 1942 (China)
  - Linda nigroscutata
  - Linda procera Holzschuh, 2013 (Laos)
  - Linda pyritosa Holzschuh, 2013 (Laos)
  - Linda rubescens
  - Linda semiatra Holzschuh, 2003 (Nepal)
  - Linda semivittata (China)
  - Linda signaticornis Schwarzer, 1925
  - Linda stolata Pesarini & Sabbadini, 1997 (China)
  - Linda subannulicornis Breuning, 1956 (China)
  - Linda subatricornis Lin & Yang, 2012 (China)
  - Linda tartata Viktora & Lin, 2020
  - Linda tonkinensis Breuning, 1959 (Vietnam)
  - Linda zayuensis Pu, 1981 (China)

text:
# Linda (beetle)

***Linda*** is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

**subgenus *Dasylinda***

**subgenus *Linda***

## InfoBox

| *Linda* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Linda annulicornis* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Subfamily: | Lamiinae |
| Tribe: | Saperdini |
| Genus: | *Linda*<br>Thomson, 1864 |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * Dasylinda  Thomson, 1868 * Miocris  Fairmaire, 1902 | |


title: The Ways of a Woman in Love

abstract: "The Ways of a Woman in Love" is a song originally recorded by Johnny Cash. It was written for him by Bill Justis and Charlie Rich. The song was recorded by Cash in July 1958 during his final sessions for Sun Records. and released as a single in August. The song was also recorded and released by Charlie Rich as a single in 1973 and in the following year enjoyed b-side success of backing Billy Swan's International Bestseller "I Can Help." In 2018 critically acclaimed songwriter John Prine pronounced that "The Ways of a Woman in Love" was his favorite Johnny Cash song and released a music video of it.

text:
# The Ways of a Woman in Love

"**The Ways of a Woman in Love**" is a song originally recorded by Johnny Cash. It was written for him by Bill Justis and Charlie Rich.

The song was recorded by Cash in July 1958 during his final sessions for Sun Records. and released as a single (Sun 302, with "You're the Nearest Thing to Heaven" on the opposite side) in August.

The song was also recorded and released by Charlie Rich as a single in 1973 and in the following year enjoyed b-side success of backing Billy Swan's International Bestseller "I Can Help." In 2018 critically acclaimed songwriter John Prine pronounced that "The Ways of a Woman in Love" was his favorite Johnny Cash song and released a music video of it.

## Composition

> Cash scored his last big Sun hit with "The Ways of a Woman in Love," a Charlie Rich and Bill Justis cowrite about a man who senses his woman is falling in love with another man. She's changing her ways, and it's killing the singer. He can't stop thinking about her and wishing he was the other guy. This fine ballad made it to number 2 on the country chart and number 24 pop. Just over two months later Johnny would issue his first single for Columbia.
>
> John M. Alexander. *The Man in Song: A Discographic Biography of Johnny Cash*

## Charts

| Chart (1958) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 24 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 3 |

## InfoBox

| "The Ways of a Woman in Love" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Johnny Cash and the Tennessee Two | |
| A-side | "You're the Nearest Thing to Heaven" |
| Released | August 1958 (1958-08) |
| Genre | Country, rockabilly, rock and roll |
| Label | Sun 302 |
| Songwriter(s) | Bill Justis, Charlie Rich |
| Johnny Cash and the Tennessee Two singles chronology | |
| "Guess Things Happen That Way"
(1958) "**The Ways of a Woman in Love**"
(1958) "All Over Again"
(1958) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "The Ways of a Woman in Love" (audio only) on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Jutta Speidel

abstract: Jutta Speidel is a German actress. She had her first television role at the age of 15. Jutta Speidel appeared in Schulmadchen Report 1 (1970), which was directed by Ernst Hofbauer and produced by Wolf C. Hartwig. She acted mainly in German television series and TV films like Rivalen der Rennbahn. She is remembered for playing several roles in the very popular TV series Derrick. She has two daughters. She founded the HORIZONT e.V. charity in 1997 for homeless children and their mothers. As of 3 November 2012 she is living in Rome, Italy.

text:
# Jutta Speidel

**Jutta Speidel** (pronounced \[ˈjʊtaː ˈʃpaɪdl̩\] ; born 26 March 1954) is a German actress.

She had her first television role at the age of 15. Jutta Speidel appeared in *Schulmadchen Report 1* (1970), which was directed by Ernst Hofbauer and produced by Wolf C. Hartwig. She acted mainly in German television series and TV films like *Rivalen der Rennbahn*. She is remembered for playing several roles in the very popular TV series *Derrick*.

She has two daughters. She founded the HORIZONT e.V. charity in 1997 for homeless children and their mothers.

As of 3 November 2012 she is living in Rome, Italy.

## Selected filmography

* "Porträt Jutta Speidel Vielseitige Charakterdarstellerin" (in German). ZDF. 2009-12-28. Retrieved 2010-11-04.

## InfoBox

| Jutta Speidel | |
| --- | --- |
| Speidel in 2019 | |
| Born | (1954-03-26) 26 March 1954<br>Munich, West Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Occupation | Actress |


title: Speed of Sound (roller coaster)

abstract: Speed of Sound is a steel Boomerang roller coaster in Walibi Holland. It was manufactured by Vekoma and opened on April 22, 2000 as La Via Volta. It was open until 2007 when the park announced it would be shut down. That year, the train was sold to Pleasurewood Hills in England and now operates on Wipeout and the track remained in place at Walibi World. On 30 January, Walibi Holland announced that the La Via Volta will reopen in 2011, with a new style train from Vekoma under the name of Speed of Sound. P&P Projects was responsible for the design and build of this new attraction. Walibi Holland announced that it held a competition to win tickets for the opening of the roller coaster on April 6, 2011

text:
# Speed of Sound (roller coaster)

**Speed of Sound** is a steel Boomerang roller coaster in Walibi Holland. It was manufactured by Vekoma and opened on April 22, 2000 as La Via Volta. It was open until 2007 when the park announced it would be shut down. That year, the train was sold to Pleasurewood Hills in England and now operates on Wipeout and the track remained in place at Walibi World. On 30 January, Walibi Holland announced that the La Via Volta will reopen in 2011, with a new style train from Vekoma under the name of Speed of Sound. P&P Projects was responsible for the design and build of this new attraction. Walibi Holland announced that it held a competition to win tickets for the opening of the roller coaster on April 6, 2011

## Ride experience

Once riders have boarded and the train cleared for dispatch, it is dragged backwards out of the station by a catch car to the top of a hill in an enclosed tube, before being released and passing back through the station and through the three inversion elements. At the other end, it is raised up a lift hill before being released to travel backwards along the same track. Block brakes in the station reduce its speed, with the train passing through and rising slightly up the first hill, before rolling back to the station where it is brought to a full stop before being driven to the dispatch position and unloaded.

A synchronized on-board music track plays through speakers in the cars.

## InfoBox

| Speed of Sound | |
| --- | --- |
| *Previously known as La Via Volta (2000-2010)* | |
|  | |
| Walibi Holland | |
| Location | Walibi Holland |
| Park section | Play Ground |
| Coordinates | 52°26′26″N 5°46′05″E / 52.440630°N 5.768123°E / 52.440630; 5.768123 |
| Status | Operating |
| Opening date | April 22, 2000 (2000-04-22) |
| General statistics | |
| Type | Steel Shuttle Boomerang |
| Manufacturer | Vekoma |
| Designer | Vekoma |
| Model | Boomerang |
| Lift/launch system | Chain Lift Hill |
| Height | 116.5 ft (35.5 m) |
| Length | 935 ft (285 m) |
| Speed | 47 mph (76 km/h) |
| Inversions | 3 inversions. Each completed both forwards and backwards. |
| Duration | 1:48 |
| Max vertical angle | 56° |
| Capacity | 760 riders per hour |
| G-force | 5.2 |
| Height restriction | 48 in (122 cm) |
| Trains | Single train with 7 cars. Riders are arranged 2 across in 2 rows for a total of 28 riders per train. |
| Fast Lane available | |
| Single rider line available | |
| Speed of Sound at RCDB | |


title: Einhorn–Brunner reaction

abstract: The Einhorn–Brunner reaction is the designation for the chemical reaction of imides with alkyl hydrazines to form an isomeric mixture of 1,2,4-triazoles. It was initially described by the German chemist Alfred Einhorn in a paper, published in 1905, describing N-methylol compounds of amides. In 1914 chemist Karl Brunner published a paper expanding on Einhorn's research of the reaction pictured below, thus resulting in the naming as the Einhorn-Brunner. Substituted 1,2,4-triazole have been prepared from diverse imides and hydrazines.

text:
# Einhorn–Brunner reaction

The **Einhorn–Brunner reaction** is the designation for the chemical reaction of imides with alkyl hydrazines to form an isomeric mixture of 1,2,4-triazoles. It was initially described by the German chemist Alfred Einhorn in a paper, published in 1905, describing N-methylol compounds of amides. In 1914 chemist Karl Brunner published a paper expanding on Einhorn's research of the reaction pictured below, thus resulting in the naming as the **Einhorn-Brunner**. Substituted 1,2,4-triazole have been prepared from diverse imides and hydrazines.

## Regioselectivity

In the case that the **R** groups of the imide are different, the reaction has regioselectivity. In their research on the synthesis of 1,2,4-triazoles, Potts determined that the strongest acidic group attached to the side of the imide will be favored for the 3 position on the triazole ring. In the diagram below, if one considers the blue **R** group to be more acidic in respect to the green, the favored product would be the isomer on the **right**.

## Mechanism

For clarity in depicting the electron flow of the mechanism, the image below only consists of one of the isomers generated in an **Einhorn–Brunner reaction**:

The first step of the mechanism involves the protonating of the substituted nitrogen of the hydrazine **1**, generating the cation **2**. Protonated hydrazine **2** protonates the oxygen of one of the carbonyl groups of the imide. This allows for an attack on the electrophilic carbon of the protonated carbonyl group by the primary amino group of the hydrazine, producing **3**. The loss of water and subsequent generation of a double bond between the recently formed nitrogen-carbon sigma bond results in the formation of iminiumion **4**. **4** undergoes a 1,5-proton shift from the nitrogen to the carbonyl oxygen, seen in **5**. Intramolecular attack of the electrophilic carbonyl carbon by the nitrogen, resulting in a 5-membered ring closure of the positively charged **6**. Elimination of a water group, and then a proton results in the intermediates of **7** and **8** respectively, and finally results in the formation of **9**, one 1,2,4-triazole isomer.

## Applications

Triazoles have been found to have a number of real world applications as antibacterial agents. The **Einhorn–Brunner reaction** maintains scientific importance and relevance in the production of 1,2,4-triazoles, which can be further substituted for their medicinal value. Research done by Pattan *et al.*, specifically on 1,2,4-triazoles, found antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, and anti-inflammatory activity of variously substituted compounds. Klimešová and colleagues also report antimycobacterial activity of 1,2,4-triazoles against tuberculosis, but also risk a low level of toxicity.


abstract: The 1923 Newcastle-upon-Tyne East by-election was held on 17 January 1923. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Labour MP, Joseph Nicholas Bell.

text:
# 1923 Newcastle-upon-Tyne East by-election

The **1923 Newcastle-upon-Tyne East by-election** was held on 17 January 1923. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Labour MP, Joseph Nicholas Bell.

## Electoral history

General election 1922: Newcastle upon Tyne East
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Joseph Nicholas Bell** | **10,084** | **43.1** |  |
|  | Liberal | Harry Barnes | 6,999 | 30.0 |  |
|  | National Liberal | Gilbert Stone | 6,273 | 26.9 |  |
| Majority | | | 3,085 | 13.1 | *N/A* |
| Turnout | | | 23,356 | 73.7 |  |
|  | Labour **gain** from Liberal | | Swing |  |  |

## Result

Newcastle-upon-Tyne East by-election, 1923
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Arthur Henderson** | **11,066** | **45.7** | **+2.6** |
|  | Liberal | Harry Barnes | 6,682 | 27.6 | −2.4 |
|  | Conservative | Robert Gee | 6,480 | 26.7 | *New* |
| Majority | | | 4,384 | 18.1 | +5.0 |
| Turnout | | | 24,228 | 76.4 | +2.7 |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

## Aftermath

General election 1923: Newcastle upon Tyne East
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **Robert Aske** | **12,656** | **52.3** |  |
|  | Labour | Arthur Henderson | 11,532 | 47.7 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,124 | 4.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 24,188 | 73.2 |  |
|  | Liberal **gain** from Labour | | Swing |  |  |

## InfoBox

1923 Newcastle-upon-Tyne East
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Candidate Henderson Barnes Gee  Party Labour Liberal Unionist  Popular vote 11,066 6,682 6,480  Percentage 45.7 27.6 26.7 | |
| ---  **MP before election**
Bell
Labour **Subsequent MP**
Henderson
Labour | |


title: Russula silvicola

abstract: Russula silvicola is a species of agaric fungus in the family Russulaceae. Found in North America, it was described as new to science in 1975. It is considered inedible. It has a strong peppery flavor.

text:
# Russula silvicola

***Russula silvicola*** is a species of agaric fungus in the family Russulaceae. Found in North America, it was described as new to science in 1975. It is considered inedible. It has a strong peppery flavor.

## InfoBox

| *Russula silvicola* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Russulales |
| Family: | Russulaceae |
| Genus: | *Russula* |
| Species: | ***R. silvicola*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Russula silvicola***<br>Shaffer (1975) | |
|


title: Lim Dong-won

abstract: Lim Dong-won is a retired South Korean politician who was a top aide during the administration of Kim Dae-jung and a key architect of the Sunshine Policy, holding the post of Unification Minister until losing a no-confidence vote on September 3, 2001; he stepped down after being impeached on December 23, 2001. His involvement in secret payments to North Korea to facilitate the 2000 summit meeting resulted in an 18-month suspended jail sentence in 2003. In 2004 he was named the head of the Sejong Institute. In his retirement he has been critical of United States policy on North Korea. He has also been indicted in connection with an extensive wiretapping scandal uncovered in 2005. Before joining Kim Dae-jung's administration he had served as head of Kim's Asia-Pacific Peace Foundation; deputy chief of the unification board under Roh Tae-woo; and ambassador to Nigeria and Australia in the 1980s.

text:
# Lim Dong-won

**Lim Dong-won** (born 1934) is a retired South Korean politician who was a top aide during the administration of Kim Dae-jung and a key architect of the Sunshine Policy, holding the post of Unification Minister until losing a no-confidence vote on September 3, 2001; he stepped down after being impeached on December 23, 2001. His involvement in secret payments to North Korea to facilitate the 2000 summit meeting resulted in an 18-month suspended jail sentence in 2003. In 2004 he was named the head of the Sejong Institute. In his retirement he has been critical of United States policy on North Korea. He has also been indicted in connection with an extensive wiretapping scandal uncovered in 2005.

Before joining Kim Dae-jung's administration he had served as head of Kim's Asia-Pacific Peace Foundation; deputy chief of the unification board under Roh Tae-woo; and ambassador to Nigeria and Australia in the 1980s.

## InfoBox

| **Korean name** | |
| --- | --- |
| Hangul | 임동원 |
| Hanja |  |
| Revised Romanization | *Im Dong-won* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Im Tongwŏn* |


title: The West Temple

abstract: The West Temple is a prominent 7,810-foot mountain summit composed of Navajo Sandstone in Zion National Park in Washington County of Utah, United States. The West Temple, the highest feature in Zion Canyon, was originally called "Temp-o-i-tin-car-ur" meaning "Mountain without a trail" by the Paiute people. It was called Steamboat Mountain by local Mormon settlers before 1934, when the USGS officially changed it to its present name, which was applied by John Wesley Powell during his explorations in 1872. West Temple is situated two miles northwest of Springdale, Utah, one mile northeast of Mount Kinesava, and two miles west of the park headquarters. It is one of the notable landmarks in the park. The nearest higher peak is Windy Peak, 10.46 miles (16.83 km) to the north. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Virgin River.

text:
# The West Temple

**The West Temple** is a prominent 7,810-foot (2,380 m) mountain summit composed of Navajo Sandstone in Zion National Park in Washington County of Utah, United States. The West Temple, the highest feature in Zion Canyon, was originally called "*Temp-o-i-tin-car-ur*" meaning "Mountain without a trail" by the Paiute people. It was called *Steamboat Mountain* by local Mormon settlers before 1934, when the USGS officially changed it to its present name, which was applied by John Wesley Powell during his explorations in 1872. West Temple is situated two miles northwest of Springdale, Utah, one mile northeast of Mount Kinesava, and two miles west of the park headquarters. It is one of the notable landmarks in the park. The nearest higher peak is Windy Peak, 10.46 miles (16.83 km) to the north. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Virgin River.

## Climbing Routes

Climbing Routes on The West Temple

## Geology

The upper white cliffs are composed of Navajo Sandstone, which in some places exhibit reddish staining caused by hematite (iron oxide), the source of which is the Temple Cap Formation caprock at the summit. Lower slopes and ledges are composed of Kayenta Formation, Moenave Formation, Chinle Formation, and Moenkopi Formation.

## Climate

Spring and fall are the most favorable seasons to visit this feature. According to the Köppen climate classification system, it is located in a Cold semi-arid climate zone, which is defined by the coldest month having an average mean temperature below 32 °F (0 °C), and at least 50% of the total annual precipitation being received during the spring and summer. This desert climate receives less than 10 inches (250 millimeters) of annual rainfall, and snowfall is generally light during the winter.

## InfoBox

| The West Temple | |
| --- | --- |
| East aspect of The West Temple | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 7,810 ft (2,380 m) |
| Prominence | 1,680 ft (510 m) |
| Isolation | 10.66 mi (17.16 km) |
| Coordinates | 37°12′39″N 113°01′15″W / 37.210869°N 113.02071°W / 37.210869; -113.02071 |
| Geography | |
| The West TempleLocation in UtahThe West TempleThe West Temple (the United States) | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Utah |
| County | Washington |
| Protected area | Zion National Park |
| Parent range | Colorado Plateau |
| Topo map | USGS Springdale West |
| Geology | |
| Age of rock | Jurassic |
| Type of rock | Navajo Sandstone |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 1933 |
| Easiest route | class 5.6 climbing |


title: Cocoye Militia

abstract: The Cocoye Militia was a militia during the first and second Republic of the Congo civil wars that fought for Pascal Lissouba.

text:
# Cocoye Militia

The **Cocoye Militia** was a militia during the first and second Republic of the Congo civil wars that fought for Pascal Lissouba.

## History

### Formation

The Cocoye militia was formed in 1993 by Pascal Lissouba. Lissouba heavily distrusted the armed forces of the county and did not think that they would support them. He formed his own militia that he trusted to support him. He formed the militia from army personnel and supporters from the Departments of Niari, Lékoumou, and Bouenza. He bought mercenaries from Israel, Serbia, and Zaire to train his militia.

### First Civil War

During the first civil war the Cocoye militia was allied with Lissouba, they fought against the allied Ninja and Cobra militias. In Brazzaville, the Cocoye controlled the center of the city, the conflict ended up killing 2,000 and ended in the peace agreement with neither side gaining victory.

### Second civil war

In June 1997 Lissouba feared a Coup d'état and sent the Cocoyes to arrest the leader of the Cobra Militia, Denis Sassou Nguesso, and disarm the militia, starting the second civil war. Their former enemy, the Ninjas, allied with them against the Cobra, during the second civil war. The Cocoye played a major role in the conflict, capturing the Moukoukoulou Dam and cutting power to much of the south.

## InfoBox

| Cocoye Militia | |
| --- | --- |
| Leader | Pascal Lissouba |
| Foundation | 1993 |
| Country | Republic of the Congo |
| Active regions | Southwest Republic of Congo |
| Size | 3,000 (Height) |
| Battles and wars | Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–1994)<br>Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999) |


title: River Medway Cable Tunnels

abstract: The River Medway Cable Tunnels are a pair of tunnels carrying high-voltage electricity transmission lines beneath the lower River Medway between the Isle of Grain and Chetney Marshes, Kent.

text:
# River Medway Cable Tunnels

The **River Medway Cable Tunnels** are a pair of tunnels carrying high-voltage electricity transmission lines beneath the lower River Medway between the Isle of Grain and Chetney Marshes, Kent.

## Specification

Each tunnel carries a 400 kV electricity circuit on the transmission line between the National Grid substations at Grain and Kemsley (Line Reference: 4TL). The oil-filled cables are designed to carry 3780 Amps in Winter and 3060 A in Summer. The tunnels are 1,700 metres long, 2.54 m in diameter and between 34 m and 47 m below ordnance datum. The tunnels are connected to a common 6.1 m diameter vertical access shaft at each end.

Grain sealing end compound location: 51°26'09.4"N 0°42'18.9"E

Chetney Marsh sealing end compound location: 51°25'14.6"N 0°41'59.6"E

## Design and construction

The tunnels were built in anticipation of the commissioning of Grain power station (with a planned capacity of 3,300 MW). The crossing would allow the transmission of power to the 400 kV transmission system to the south. A feasibility report of 1967 addressed both overhead line and tunnel options for the crossing. Overhead lines would have been longer than the 1,382 metre Swanscombe to Thurrock 400kV crossing and therefore require taller pylons. The tunnels were designed by the Transmission Development and Construction Division of the Central Electricity Generating Board advised by Charles Haswell and Partners. They were constructed between 1973–6 by John Mowlem & Co. Ltd. and L.G. Mouchel and Partners were consulting engineers for the civil engineering work. The tunnels are constructed from concrete expanding wedge block linings. The tunnels were designed to be constructed through a layer of London Clay. Unexpected beds of gravel and silt were encountered and entailed a diversion of the west tunnel.

## Operation

The cables are air cooled to maintain the temperature within design limits at high electricity loads. A forced ventilation system, comprising fans, dampers, acoustic enclosures, and control systems delivers 58 m3/s of air at 7,500 Pa through each tunnel. The tunnels are provided with Distributed Temperature Sensing fibre system mounted in the crown of each tunnel to detect abnormal temperature conditions.

## InfoBox

| River Medway Cable Tunnels | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | UK |
| Coordinates | 51°26'09.4"N 0°42'18.9"E |
| From | Isle of Grain |
| To | Chetney Marsh |
| Ownership information | |
| Owner | Central Electricity Generating Board (1967-90), National Grid plc (from 1990) |
| Operator | CEGB (1976-90), National Grid plc (from 1990) |
| Construction information | |
| Contractors | John Mowlem & Co. Ltd. |
| Construction started | 1973-6 |
| Technical information | |
| Type | 2.54 m diameter underground tunnel |
| Type of current | AC |
| Total length | 1.7 km (1.1 mi) |
| Power rating | 3780 A |
| AC voltage | 400 kV |
| No. of circuits | 1 in each tunnel |


title: Chōjin Neiger

abstract: Chōjin Neiger is a local hero from Nikaho, Akita Prefecture, a fictional superhero who represents the region and is depicted as a tokusatsu hero. Developed by a local sports gym's manager and former UWF professional wrestler Tamotsu Ebina, Chōjin Neiger debuted in June 2005 and has gained a following throughout all of Japan. Chōjin Neiger has also spawned radio dramas, comic books, and television specials, and a series of original songs which include the vocal talents of Ichirou Mizuki and Mitsuko Horie.

text:
# Chōjin Neiger

**Chōjin Neiger** (超神ネイガー, *Chōjin Neigā*, "Super-God Neiger") is a local hero from Nikaho, Akita Prefecture, a fictional superhero who represents the region and is depicted as a tokusatsu hero. Developed by a local sports gym's manager and former UWF professional wrestler Tamotsu Ebina (海老名 保, *Ebina Tamotsu*), Chōjin Neiger debuted in June 2005 and has gained a following throughout all of Japan. Chōjin Neiger has also spawned radio dramas, comic books, and television specials, and a series of original songs which include the vocal talents of Ichirou Mizuki and Mitsuko Horie.

## The Chōjins

Each of the characters developed by the Neiger Project is said to protect a different aspect of Akita Prefecture. They transform with the power of the Gōshaku Jewel (豪石玉, *Gōshaku Tama*, "*gōshaku*" is an Akita dialect word for "to get angry" or "to scold").

Neiger (ネイガー, *Neigā*)Transforming from Ken Akita (アキタ・ケン, *Akita Ken*), Neiger protects the land and agriculture of Akita, designed after the namahage of the region's folklore. His weapons include Kiritan Swords (キリタン・ソード, *Kiritan Sōdo*), the Buriko Gun (ブリコガン, *Buriko Gan*), the Kamakura Knuckle (カマクラ・ナックル, *Kamakura Nakkuru*), and the Kanto Shield (カントウ・シールド, *Kantō Shīrudo*). He rides the Machine Shotslar (マシン・ショッツラー, *Mashin Shottsurā*, "Shottsuru" is a fish sauce for the Akita sailfin sandfish), which transforms from a combine harvester. Neiger can also assume a power-up form, Daihōsaku Form (大豊作フォーム, *Daihōsaku Fōmu*, roughly translated as "bumper crop form"). His catchphrase is "Protecting the sea, the mountains, and Akita, Chōjin Neiger!!" (海を、山を、秋田を守る、超神ネイガー!!, *Umi o, yama o, Akita o mamoru, Chōjin Neigā!!*). Neiger Geon (ネイガー・ジオン, *Neigā Jion*)Transforming from Shiro Fujisato (フジサト・シロー, *Fujisato Shirō*), Neiger Geon protects the forestry of Akita. Also designed after a namahage, Neiger Geon fights with Zui Quan attacks and his weapons are the Kiritonfa (キリトンファー, *Kiritonfā*) and Kiritanchaku (キリタンチャク). He also gets a powered up form called Daiginjō Form (大吟醸フォーム, *Daiginjō Fōmu*, "daiginjō" is a term used to refer to sake which is made from rice polished to 50% or lower). Aragemaru (アラゲ丸)Transforming from Ryu Hachimori (ハチモリ・リュウ, *Hachimori Ryū*), Aragemaru protects the fisheries of Akita. He has tetrapod designs in his armor and is armed with the Tara Bazooka (タラ・バズーカ, *Tara Bazūka*) and Ika Slicer (イカ・スライサー, *Ika Suraisā*). Neiger Mai (ネイガー・マイ, *Neigā Mai*)Transforming from Mai Akita (アキタ・マイ, *Akita Mai*), Neiger Mai protects the industry of Akita. Kantō Man (カントウマン)Transforming from, Joe Kubota (クボタ・ジョー, *Kubota Jō*), Kantō Man is not one of the Chōjins but is a Chōchin Neiger (提灯ネイガー, *Chōchin Neigā*). Neiger BBG (ネイガービガビガG, *Neigā Bigabiga Jī*)Transforming from Kenta Akita (アキタ・ケンタ, *Akita Kenta*), Neiger BBG is a legendary Neiger from 100 years in the future. His name comes from the Akita dialect word *bigabigajii* (ビガビガジイ), meaning "shiny", referencing the Maziora coloration of his costume. Zapper Zeal (ザッパー・ジール, *Zapā Jīru*)Zapper Zeal is Neiger's apprentice who is armed with a leek sword. He is named after the Akita Prefecture dish *zappa jiru* (ザッパ汁).

## CD releases

Neiger Theme Song"Gōshaku! Chōjin Neiger ~Midaga Omedaji~" (豪石！超神ネイガー ～見だが おめだぢ～, *Gōshaku! Chōjin Neigā ~Midaga Omedaji~*, "Anger! Chōjin Neiger ~Did You Look?~") c/w "Tōi Kaze no Naka de" (遠い風の中で, "Away With the Wind") by Ichirou Mizuki Ōga Neiger Theme Song"Chōjin Neiger ~Seigi no Inaho~" (超神ネイガー ～正義ノ稲穂～, *Chōjin Neigā ~Seigi no Inaho~*, "Chōjin Neiger ~Rice of Justice~") c/w "Yume Kariudo" (夢刈人, "Dream Reapers") by Ichirou Mizuki *Udakko Zenshū* (歌っこ全集, "Song Collection") 1. "Neiger Ondo" (ネイガー音頭, *Neigā Ondo*) by Abe 10zen
2. "Mamorigami ~ GEON, Mori no Ibuki o" (守森神～GEON モリノイブキヲ, *Mamorigami~Jion Mori no Ibuki o*, "Forest Protector God GEON, Breath of the Forest") by Shiro Fujisato
3. "Neiger Mai no Theme ~Hisui no Tsubasa" (ネイガー・マイのテーマ ～翡翠の翼～, *Neigā Mai no Tēma ~Hisui no Tsubasa~*, "Theme of Neiger Mai ~Wings of Jade~") by Mitsuko Horie
4. "Ore wa Minato no Abare Uma" (俺は漁港の暴れ馬, "I am the Raging Horse of the Fishing Port") by Ryu Hachimori
5. "Dajaku Kumiaika" (だじゃく組合歌, "Dajaku Union Song") by Kakusai Han
6. "Neiger Ondo (Para Para Version)" (ネイガー音頭（パラパラバージョン）, *Neigā Ondo (Parapara Bājon*) by Abe 10zen


title: Tone Røst Heimlund

abstract: Tone Heimlund is a Norwegian retired football midfielder who played for Fløya and the Norwegian national team.

text:
# Tone Røst Heimlund

**Tone Heimlund** (born 24 May 1985) is a Norwegian retired football midfielder who played for Fløya and the Norwegian national team.

## Club career

Heimlund had a breakout season with Fløya scoring 18 goals in the Toppserien in 2005. A serious knee injury ended Heimlund's promising career in 2007. Heimlund took up competitive cross-country skiing as an alternative in 2009 in order to still compete in sports.

## International career

### Youth

Heimlund also participated at the 2003 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship. Heimlund efforts helped Norway reach the final ultimately losing to France.

### Senior

Heimlund was selected as part of the Norwegian squad at the 2005 European Championships.

## InfoBox

Tone Heimlund
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1985-05-24) 24 May 1985 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2002-2007 | Fløya |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 2002 | Norway U-17 | 6 | (1) |
| 2003-2004 | Norway U-19 | 25 | (15) |
| 2005-2006 | Norway U-21 | 7 | (3) |
| 2007 | Norway U-23 | 2 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Joseph Smith (cricketer)

abstract: Joseph Abraham Smith is a Jamaican-born former English cricketer. Smith was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium. He was born in Kingston, Jamaica. Smith made his debut for Shropshire in the 1968 Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire. Smith played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1968 to 1988, which included 113 Minor Counties Championship appearances and eight MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances, while playing at club level for Wellington in Shropshire and Crewe in Cheshire. He made his List A debut against Yorkshire in the 1976 Gillette Cup. In 1977 he served as Shropshire's captain. He made two further List A appearances for Shropshire, against Surrey in the 1978 Gillette Cup and Northamptonshire in the 1985 NatWest Trophy. In his three List A matches for the county, he took 5 wickets at an average of 22.60, with best figures of 3/40. Playing for Shropshire allowed him to play for the Minor Counties cricket team, with Smith making two appearances for that team in the 1982 Benson & Hedges Cup against Worcestershire and Leicestershire. In these two matches, he took four wickets at an average of 12.25. All 4 of his wickets came against Leicestershire, with Smith taking figures 4/8.

text:
# Joseph Smith (cricketer)

**Joseph Abraham Smith** (born 23 March 1946) is a Jamaican-born former English cricketer. Smith was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium. He was born in Kingston, Jamaica.

Smith made his debut for Shropshire in the 1968 Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire. Smith played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1968 to 1988, which included 113 Minor Counties Championship appearances and eight MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances, while playing at club level for Wellington in Shropshire and Crewe in Cheshire. He made his List A debut against Yorkshire in the 1976 Gillette Cup. In 1977 he served as Shropshire's captain. He made two further List A appearances for Shropshire, against Surrey in the 1978 Gillette Cup and Northamptonshire in the 1985 NatWest Trophy. In his three List A matches for the county, he took 5 wickets at an average of 22.60, with best figures of 3/40.

Playing for Shropshire allowed him to play for the Minor Counties cricket team, with Smith making two appearances for that team in the 1982 Benson & Hedges Cup against Worcestershire and Leicestershire. In these two matches, he took four wickets at an average of 12.25. All 4 of his wickets came against Leicestershire, with Smith taking figures 4/8.

## InfoBox

Joseph Smith
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Joseph Abraham Smith |
| Born | (1946-03-23) 23 March 1946<br>Kingston, Surrey County, Jamaica |
| Batting | Left-handed |
| Bowling | Left-arm fast-medium |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1982 | Minor Counties |
| 19681988 | Shropshire |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition List A  Matches 5  Runs scored 37  Batting average 9.25  100s/50s /  Top score 17  Balls bowled 320  Wickets 9  Bowling average 18.00  5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling 4/8  Catches/stumpings / | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 4 July 2011 | |


title: Charlie Harding

abstract: Charles Harold "Slim" Harding was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played in one game for the Detroit Tigers on September 18, 1913. He pitched in two innings, and allowed three hits and one run.

text:
# Charlie Harding

**Charles Harold "Slim" Harding** (January 3, 1891 – October 30, 1971) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played in one game for the Detroit Tigers on September 18, 1913. He pitched in two innings, and allowed three hits and one run.

## InfoBox

| Charlie Harding | |
| --- | --- |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:** (1891-01-03)January 3, 1891
Nashville, Tennessee | |
| **Died:** October 30, 1971(1971-10-30) (aged 80)
Bold Spring, Tennessee | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| September 18, 1913, for the Detroit Tigers | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| September 18, 1913, for the Detroit Tigers | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Games pitched | 1 |
| Earned run average | 4.50 |
| Innings pitched | 2.0 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Bottoms Up (Illinois Jacquet album)

abstract: Bottoms Up is an album by jazz saxophonist Illinois Jacquet which was recorded in 1968 and released on the Prestige label.

text:
# Bottoms Up (Illinois Jacquet album)

***Bottoms Up*** is an album by jazz saxophonist Illinois Jacquet which was recorded in 1968 and released on the Prestige label.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide* |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

Scott Yanow of Allmusic stated, "Even in 1968 when the jazz avant-garde was becoming quite influential, tenor saxophonist Illinois Jacquet played in his own timeless style, performing in an idiom little changed during the previous 20 years".

## Track listing

All compositions by Illinois Jacquet except where noted.

1. "Bottoms Up" – 3:21
2. "Port of Rico" – 4:12
3. "You Left Me All Alone" – 3:51
4. "Sassy" (Milt Buckner) – 5:41
5. "Jivin' with Jack the Bellboy" (Bill Doggett, Illinois Jacquet) – 5:40
6. "I Don't Stand a Ghost of a Chance with You" (Bing Crosby, Ned Washington, Victor Young) – 6:12
7. "Our Delight" (Tadd Dameron) – 5:28
8. "Don't Blame Me" (Dorothy Fields, Jimmy McHugh) – 4:09

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Bottoms Up | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Illinois Jacquet | |
| Released | 1968 |
| Recorded | March 26, 1968
New York City |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 33:46 |
| Label | Prestige
PR 7575 |
| Producer | Don Schlitten |
| Illinois Jacquet chronology | |
| *Go Power!*
(1966) ***Bottoms Up***
(1968) *The King!*
(1968) | |


title: Cikap-kamuy

abstract: Cikap-kamuy is the Ainu kamuy (god) of owls and the land. He is responsible for overseeing the behavior of humans and kamuy. He is considered a deity of material success.

text:
# Cikap-kamuy

**Cikap-kamuy** (also called **Kotan-kor-kamuy**, which should not be confused with Kotan-kar-kamuy) is the Ainu *kamuy* (*god*) of owls and the land. He is responsible for overseeing the behavior of humans and *kamuy*. He is considered a deity of material success.

## Depiction

Cikap-Kamuy is depicted as a great owl, as opposed to smaller owls (such as little horned owl) that represent demons and other malicious spirits. The Ainu believed that the owl watched over the *mosir* (country) and local *kotan* (villages), so Cikap-Kamuy came to be represented as the master of the domain. In some areas, his tears were said to be gold and silver.

## Mythology

Cikap-Kamuy's most important myth establishes him as a god of plenty who ensures that rituals are being enacted properly. As the story goes, famine had struck the land, and humankind was starving. Cikap-Kamuy wished to send a message to heaven inquiring about the cause of the famine, and he asked Crow to be his messenger. His message and instructions were very lengthy, however, and it took him days to recite them. On the third day, Crow fell asleep, and Cikap-Kamuy grew angry and killed him. Cikap-Kamuy next asked Mountain Jay to be his messenger, but on the fourth day, Mountain Jay fell asleep and was killed in turn. The third messenger was the Dipper Bird, who listened respectfully for six full days until Cikap-Kamuy finally completed the recitation of the message. Dipper Bird then flew to the heavens, and returned with news that the *kamuy* of fish and game were angry because humans had stopped showing proper respect for the gifts they gave. Accordingly, Cikap-Kamuy went to the humans and taught them the proper rituals to be enacted after killing a fish or a deer. Once the humans began performing these rituals, the *kamuy* were appeased, and the famine ceased.

The Ainu considered the hondo crow and the mountain jay birds of ill omen as a result of this myth. The dipper, in contrast, was a sign of good fortune.

In another myth Cikap-Kamuy has a sister, forced to marry Okikurmi, after he defeats the owl god in a fight.

* In *Doodle Champion Island Games*, Cikap-Kamuy is known as Fukuro, and is described as a large owl sitting on top of a perch on the Champion Island Mountain, overseeing the Climbing Sport.
* Hisuian Decidueye is possibly inspired by Cikap-kamuy.
* The First Symphony of Japanese composer Takashi Yoshimatsu bears the title *Kamui-Chikap Symphony*.

1. Ashkenazy, Michael. *Handbook of Japanese Mythology*. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 2003. p. 125, 211-212
2. Chiri, Yukie; Selden, Kyoko. "The Song the Owl God Himself Sang, "Silver Droplets Fall Fall All Around," An Ainu Tale". *The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus*. Archived from the original on 2016-11-12. Retrieved 2020-10-31.

## Bibliography

* Ashkenazy, Michael. *Handbook of Japanese Mythology*. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 2003.
* Etter, Carl. *Ainu Folklore: Traditions and Culture of the Vanishing Aborigines of Japan*. Chicago: Wilcox and Follett, 1949.
* Munro, Neil Gordon. *Ainu Creed and Cult*. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.


title: 304th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

abstract: The 304th Rifle Division had its roots in the 109th Mechanized Division, which served before the Great Patriotic War as a mixed armor and infantry formation. Soon after the German invasion it was reorganized as a standard rifle division and renumbered as the 304th. It served in the southwestern part of the Soviet-German front for more than a year and a half, fighting under difficult conditions, including the German summer offensive of 1942. The division did not distinguish itself until Operation Uranus in late 1942 and the subsequent Operation Ring, in which it helped defeat the encircled German Sixth Army. In recognition of these successes, even before the German surrender at Stalingrad, it was raised to Guards status as the 67th Guards Rifle Division. A second 304th was raised six months later, based on a pair of rifle brigades, facing the German 17th Army in the Kuban. After helping to liberate this region the division continued in combat through Ukraine and Poland, winning its own distinctions at Zhitomir and an Order of the Red Banner, before ending the war near Prague.

text:
# 304th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The **304th Rifle Division** had its roots in the 109th Mechanized Division, which served before the Great Patriotic War as a mixed armor and infantry formation. Soon after the German invasion it was reorganized as a standard rifle division and renumbered as the 304th. It served in the southwestern part of the Soviet-German front for more than a year and a half, fighting under difficult conditions, including the German summer offensive of 1942. The division did not distinguish itself until Operation Uranus in late 1942 and the subsequent Operation Ring, in which it helped defeat the encircled German Sixth Army. In recognition of these successes, even before the German surrender at Stalingrad, it was raised to Guards status as the 67th Guards Rifle Division. A second 304th was raised six months later, based on a pair of rifle brigades, facing the German 17th Army in the Kuban. After helping to liberate this region the division continued in combat through Ukraine and Poland, winning its own distinctions at Zhitomir and an Order of the Red Banner, before ending the war near Prague.

## 1st Formation

After losing most of its trucks and tanks in its first battles near Kiev, the 109th Mechanized Division of 5th Mechanized Corps began moving back to Zolotonosha, east of the Dniepr River, to reform as the 304th Rifle Division on July 12, 1941. Its order of battle was revised to the following:

* 807th Rifle Regiment - newly formed from reserves and added to replace the 16th Tank Regiment
* 809th Rifle Regiment - from 381st Motorized Rifle Regiment
* 812th Rifle Regiment - from 602nd Motorized Rifle Regiment
* 560th Artillery Regiment - from 404th Motorized Artillery Regiment
* 378th Antitank Battalion
* 602nd Sapper Battalion
* 635th Signal Battalion
* 318th Reconnaissance Company

The first commander of the new division was Col. Timofei Ilich Sidorenko, but he was replaced after about six weeks by Maj. Gen. Nikolai Pavlovich Pukhov.

After several weeks in Southwestern Front reserves, the 304th was assigned to the 38th Army in early August, just as that Army was itself forming up. The division remained in that Army until July, 1942. It was able to avoid encirclement near Kiev as it was located just east of the point where 1st Panzer Group broke through the Soviet front, and was able to retreat through Poltava. In late January, 1942, Maj. Gen. Pukhov was reassigned to command of 13th Army, and was replaced by Col. Ivan Vasilievich Khazov. The division also managed to stay clear of the debacle at Kharkov in May, 1942.

In early June the 304th was facing the difficult task of helping to defend the sector from the Northern Donets River east of Chuguev southwards 60 km to the west of Izium; the division itself was holding the area near Balakleia. As a preliminary to its summer offensive, on June 22 German Army Group South launched Operation Fridericus II to gain control of Izium and Kupiansk, and also to encircle and destroy as much as possible of the Soviet 38th and 9th Armies. The German advance on the latter city was held up by a strenuous defense by 9th Guards Rifle Division, which allowed the 304th and three other divisions to escape encirclement and join 38th Army's new line behind the Oskol without serious losses. It was in these positions when Operation Blue began.

### Operation Blue

38th Army was directly in the path when the second phase of this offensive began on July 7, and by the 9th was in deep trouble. Maj. Gen. Kirill Moskalenko, the Army's commander, sent urgent messages to the *STAVKA* requesting permission to withdraw well east of the Aidar River to prevent his forces being entirely cut off. When no reply was forthcoming, he ordered the retreat on his own authority. While the 304th suffered significant casualties in this retreat, and German intelligence counted it as one of the divisions that had been "bagged", Moskalenko's order saved enough to allow it to be rebuilt.

On July 31, Col. Serafim Petrovich Merkulov took command of the division, and would hold it for the remainder of the 1st Formation's existence. Shortly before this the 304th was moved to the 21st Army, under the newly formed Stalingrad Front. In August, as the defense of Stalingrad was being planned, the division was assigned to hold part of its Army's 140 km-wide sector from the mouth of the Khoper River as far as Melo-Kletsky.

In mid-August, after German 6th Army had cleared the great bend of the Don River and was clearly preparing for an advance on Stalingrad, Col. Gen. Andrey Yeryomenko conceived a plan to distract the German forces from this objective. On August 19 he issued an attack order to 21st and 63rd Armies to cross the Don southwards in the 30 km sector west of Serafimovich. Most of this sector had been taken up by elements of the Italian 8th Army within the past week, although they still had some backup from the Germans. The 304th, along with the 96th Rifle Division, were to play 21st Army's part in this offensive, attacking on a 15 km sector from Serafimovich to the Khoper. In the event, the 96th had no success against the German forces in Serafimovich itself in the early going, but the 304th managed to establish a small bridgehead, and over the following days pushed forwards 7 km and began digging in on August 27, while the 96th liberated Serafimovich. The gains made by 63rd Army were more extensive, and together these created one of the bridgeheads across the Don which would play an important role in Operation Uranus. The division, in company with the 124th Rifle Division, launched a heavy diversionary attack against the 79th Infantry Division on September 4 with the objective of tying down German forces in the region.

### Operation Uranus

In October the division was reassigned to 65th Army in Don Front as that Army was being organized. In Maj. Gen. P.I. Batov's plan for the offensive in November, the 304th formed half of the Army's shock group, alongside the 27th Guards Rifle Division, on a 6 km-wide sector on the south bank of the Don between Kletskaia and Melo-Kletskii. This bridgehead had been won from the Germans by the 1st Guards Army in August. The attack began on the morning of November 19 with a massive artillery barrage. Between 0848 and 0850 hrs. Moscow time, riflemen and sappers of the leading battalions, bolstered by 49 tanks of the 91st Tank Brigade, commenced the assault, aimed at the boundary between 1st Romanian Cavalry and the German 376th Infantry Divisions. The immediate objective was to smash the Romanian cavalry, then attack southeastward to turn the flank of 6th Army's XI Corps and protect the left flank of 21st Army's mobile group as it exploited southwards. General Batov recorded:

> "The first two trench lines on the high ground on the \[southern\] bank were taken immediately. Fighting then developed on the nearby heights... The guardsmen \[27th Guards\] on the right, which were pressed up against the neighboring 76th Division, advanced well. In the center it was worse: Merkulov \[304th Rifle Division\] was forced to the ground in front of Melo-Kletskaia."

The 304th had encountered skillfully fortified strongpoints manned by German troops that they could not overcome. Further, they faced nearly constant counterattacks from 376th Infantry, supported later in the day by elements of 14th Panzer Division.

One of these strongpoints was the village of Orekhovsky, which was attacked repeatedly through the day with tank support with only minimal success. However, a single battalion of the 807th Rifle Regiment, commanded by Major Chebotaev, managed to capture Marker 202.2 on the high ground just 2 km west of the village's center. Overnight, Batov and his staff worked out a new plan to exploit this limited success. A mobile group was formed, made up of about 45 T-34 and KV tanks from 91st Brigade, with submachine gunners riding on their decks, accompanied by motorized infantry and artillery. This force came under the command of Col. G.I. Anisimov on the morning of November 20 and was ready to advance in the early afternoon, following the rifle forces that were developing the 807th Regiment's penetration. Diversionary attacks were made by 65th Army's left-flank forces, while the 304th continued its assault on Orekhovsky and another strongpoint at Logovsky. This would be assisted by the fresh 252nd Rifle Division entering the battle at the boundary between the 304th and the 27th Guards. During the morning these two divisions pushed deeply into the Romanian defenses, after which the 252nd created a breach which Anisimov's mobile group entered and began its exploitation, advancing 23 km into XI Corps' left rear by nightfall, sowing panic and helping convince the German Corps that its position was becoming untenable. Meanwhile, the three rifle divisions advanced 2 to 4 km to the southeast, and on the following day completed the liberation of Orekhovsky, as well as Logovsky and Osinki.

On November 21 the advance of the division and its neighbors became more difficult as the 376th Infantry consolidated its positions and was gradually reinforced. Despite the slow progress on this sector, over the next two days Southwestern and Stalingrad Fronts completed the encirclement of German 6th Army, and the mission of Don Front changed to that of liquidating the enemy pocket. 65th Army resumed its advance early on November 25. XI Corps, reinforced with elements of XIV Panzer Corps, began to pull back southeast across the Don, giving up its bridgehead in the Great Bend, which was untenable. Batov began a slow pursuit with his 24th, 304th and 252nd Rifle Divisions; the 304th advanced from Rodionov to Kubantseva Balka, with the support of 91st Tank Brigade. By the end of the day the area of the German bridgehead had been reduced by roughly half. The next day the pursuit continued, and the division reached the northern slope of Hill 204.0, 2 km south of Biriuchkov, before being stopped by heavy fire from the hill. Overnight on November 26/27 the last German forces were withdrawn. Batov wrote:

> "The 304th Rifle Division's... forward detachments rushed up to the crossings at Petrovatka and, during the day on 27 November, the division's main forces captured Luchenskii, and the forward units on the eastern bank abruptly turned toward the northeast and joined battle on the approaches to Vertiachii. The shock group of 65th Army (with its regimental artillery) was already on that side of the Don."

This shock group was led by two battalions of the 812th Rifle Regiment, which made a night crossing of the ice-covered river under protective fire from 91st Tank Brigade. It was a risky move because the ice was not as firm as Batov would have liked, but with the help of the 14th Engineer Brigade the rest of the 304th made it across safely, and the sappers soon erected a bridge. Within 24 hours Vertiachii was taken, as the German forces continued to withdraw to the defensive line designated by 6th Army command several days earlier. Batov then withdrew the division into 65th Army's reserves.

### Operation Ring

The 304th re-entered the battle at 0700 hrs. on December 2. A reconnaissance group of 27th Guards had found a small gap in the German lines the day before, and the two divisions were tasked to exploit it. The attack, supported by 12 tanks plus antitank guns of the 52nd Tank Destroyer Regiment, against the German 131st Regiment of 44th Infantry Division defending Hill 124.5 (*Chernyi Kurgan*), advanced several hundred metres after a full day of intense fighting, but fell short of taking the hill. 24th Rifle Division took the lead in a further attack on December 4. The 304th was to support and protect its right flank as it drove on Hill 113.6 and the village of Baburkin, 3 km beyond. Despite significant artillery support the assault made only limited gains. *Chernyi Kurgan* was taken, and would be a thorn in the side of 44th Division through the coming weeks, but nearly all other gains were erased by German counterattacks. On December 6, in an effort to restore its main battle line, German VIII Army Corps launched several counterattacks against the hill, which 24th Division had turned into a virtual fortress, as well as the Golaia ravine, defended by the 27th Guards and 304th. In fighting that went on into December 8, these gains were held.

Through most of the rest of the month the lines surrounding 6th Army became relatively quiet as the Soviet Fronts prepared for Operation Ring. One exception to this pattern occurred on December 28/29, when five divisions of 21st and 65th Armies, including the 304th, launched assault groups against the much-reduced 44th and 376th Infantry Divisions. The former lost 177 men over the two days, while the latter lost 130 men on the 28th and 392 in counterattacks the following day.

When Ring formally began on January 10, 1943, the division was one of ten in the first echelon of 21st, 65th and 24th Armies that would make Don Front's main attack, facing 44th Infantry and 29th Motorized Divisions. The 304th and 173rd Rifle Divisions, on the right wing of 65th Army, had a long-range artillery group of three army-level regiments, firing in their direct support. After a 55-minute opening barrage the infantry assault began at 0900 hrs., supported by over 100 tanks, and soon overwhelmed the enemy defenses. The 304th and 24th Divisions, led by the KV tanks of the 5th and 14th Guards Tank Regiments, overran the three weak battalions of 44th Infantry's 134th and 132nd Regiments, plus the battalion-sized Group Weller of 29th Motorized along a 4 km-wide sector. The two Soviet divisions advanced 2 km, shattered all four enemy battalions, and opened a 2 km-wide breach of the German line by day's end.

On January 11, Batov exploited this gap by ordering his 23rd Rifle Division straight into it from second echelon and over that day it advanced, along with the 304th, about 3 km, reaching to within 1 km of the Rossoshka valley and, in the process, rendering VIII Corps' defenses west of the Rossoshka completely untenable. In the course of the next day's fighting the division managed to win a 1- to 2 km- wide bridgehead across this river. On the 13th, the 304th, with two other divisions, continued to attack the remaining defenses of 44th Infantry, but made limited gains. The next day the division, in concert with the 23rd, enveloped the 44th's forces defending Novo-Alekseevsky but failed to capture the town; they were later reinforced by 273rd Rifle Division. From January 15 to 17 the pace of the Soviet advance slowed, and Rokossovsky finally called a halt for rest and replenishment.

Before the offensive was officially set to resume, on January 21 65th Army went back to the attack with four divisions, including the 304th, backed again by 91st Tank Brigade, striking eastward, and penetrating the defenses of VIII Corps' 76th Infantry Division. These attacks finished off the 44th Infantry and did severe damage to the 76th, and also created a 6 km-wide gap in 6th Army's western front, bringing divisional artillery within range of Gumrak airfield. In recognition of the accomplishments of the division, late in the day the 304th Rifle Division was re-designated as the 67th Guards Rifle Division.

## 2nd Formation

The second 304th Rifle Division was formed from the 43rd Rifle Brigade and the 256th Rifle Brigade of 9th Rifle Corps, on August 1, 1943, in 9th Army in the North Caucasus Front.

### 43rd Rifle Brigade

The second formation of this brigade took place in August, 1942, in the reserves of Transcaucasus Front by mobilizing training units in the Transcaucasus Military District. Early in October it was assigned to the 58th Army in the Northern Group of its Front. 58th Army was acting as a reserve backing the Terek River line, blocking the German advance on Baku and the Caspian oil fields. At the end of the month the 43rd advanced into the 9th Rifle Corps' positions in 44th Army along the Terek. On November 22, the brigade consisted of:

* 4 rifle battalions, each 700-800 men, plus:
    + 1 AT rifle section (2 AT rifles)
    + 1 machine gun company
    + 1 mortar company (6 82mm mortars)
    + 1 AT rifle platoon (6 AT rifles)
* 1 mortar battalion (24 82mm mortars)
* 1 submachine gun company (100-120 men)
* 1 "assault troop" (100-120 men)

The lack of artillery and other heavy weapons was typical of the units formed in the region during the crisis of July to September. As the front began to move north and west towards the Kuban the brigade was reassigned to 9th Army in the North Caucasus Front and served there facing the German 17th Army from February to July, 1943, until it was disbanded.

### 256th Rifle Brigade

This brigade was formed in February - March, 1942, in the Moscow Military District. It was in the Moscow Defense Zone from April to August, when it was railed south to the Transcaucasus Military District. When it arrived it consisted of:

* 4 rifle battalions, each:
    + 3 rifle companies (123 men each)
    + 1 submachine gun company (100 men)
    + 1 machine gun company
    + 1 mortar company (82mm mortars)
    + AT rifle, sapper supply platoons
* 1 artillery battalion (20 76mm and 45mm cannon)
* 1 antitank battalion (346 men)
    + 3 companies (108 antitank rifles total)
* 1 sapper company (120 men)
* 1 reconnaissance platoon

The brigade was commanded by Col. V.S. Antonov. It was quickly assigned to 44th Army, then in September to 9th Army along the Terek River defense line. In November, during the last gasps of the German offensive, the 256th became part of 9th Rifle Corps back in 44th Army, and remained there while the enemy retreat began. In January, 1943, that Corps moved to 9th Army in North Caucasus Front, and the brigade served the next six months facing the German positions on the Taman Peninsula until it was disbanded.

The order of battle of the new 304th Rifle Division remained as previous. The first commander assigned was Col. Timofeiy Ustinovich Grinchenko. After just over one month of forming up, the division was assigned to the 11th Rifle Corps of 9th Army.

## Advance

On September 19 the 304th began operations in the Taman as part of the final offensive to drive German forces from their last foothold in the Kuban. It formed part of a strike group attacking the village of Kurchanskaya, which was taken. On the 25th, in concert with the 316th Rifle Division and following a powerful artillery and air attack, it stormed the city of Temryuk, which was taken two days later after heavy street fighting. The surviving Germans fled to the village of Golubitskaya; the 304th, crossing the Kuban River using improvised means, pursued. On October 9 the entire peninsula was cleared of Axis troops. Two weeks later Colonel Grinchenko was replaced in command by Col. Mikhail Maksimovich Muzikin.

In November, 9th Army was disbanded, and its forces were redeployed to other Fronts and Armies. 11th Rifle Corps was railed northwestward, joining 38th Army in 1st Ukrainian Front west of Kiev in December. The 304th would remain in this Front until the last few weeks of the war. During the Zhitomir–Berdichev Offensive, the division played an important role in the second liberation of Zhitomir on the last day of 1943, and was awarded the name of that city as an honorific:

> "ZHITOMIR - ...304th Rifle Division (Colonel Muzikin, Mikhail Maksimovich)... By order of the Supreme High Command of 1 January 1944, and a commendation in Moscow, the troops who participated in the battles for the liberation of Zhitomir are given a salute of 20 artillery salvoes from 224 guns."

At this time the division was in the 6th Guards Rifle Corps of 1st Guards Army.

On March 29, 1944, Col. Ivan Mikhailovich Boldanov took command from Colonel Muzikin, but was in turn replaced by Col. Aleksandr Stepanovich Galtzev on June 3. On April 3, the division was recognized for its role in the liberation of Kamianets-Podilskyi and several other towns with the Order of the Red Banner. On July 21 the 304th was shifted to 52nd Rifle Corps, back in 38th Army, and then in October to 106th Rifle Corps of 60th Army. The division remained in that Corps and that Army for the duration. In a final change of command on February 7, 1945, Colonel Galtzev handed over to Col. Khaiyrbek Demirbekovich Zamanov. In the last weeks of the war the 60th Army was transferred to 4th Ukrainian Front, and the 304th ended hostilities in the vicinity of Prague. The division ended the war with the official name: *304th Rifle, Zhitomir, Order of the Red Banner Division*. (Russian: 304-я стрелковая Житомирская Краснознамённая дивизия.)

The division was disbanded "in place" during the summer of 1945 with the Northern Group of Forces.

### Citations

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| 304th Rifle Division | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 1941–1945 |
| Country | Soviet Union |
| Branch | Red Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Division |
| Engagements | Operation Barbarossa<br>Battle of Kiev<br>Operation Blue<br>Operation Uranus<br>Operation Ring<br>Taman Peninsula Offensive<br>Zhitomir–Berdichev Offensive<br>Lvov–Sandomierz Offensive<br>Vistula–Oder Offensive<br>Prague Offensive |
| Decorations | Order of the Red Banner (2nd Formation) |
| Battle honours | Zhitomir (2nd formation) |
| Commanders | |
| Notable<br>commanders | Maj. Gen. Nikolai Pavlovich Pukhov<br>Col. Serafim Petrovich Merkulov<br>Col. Mikhail Maksimovich Muzikin |


title: The West Side Waltz

abstract: The West Side Waltz is a play by Ernest Thompson. The play focuses on Margaret Mary Elderdice, an aging, widowed pianist living in a dreary Upper West Side apartment, and her relationships with a prim, virginal violinist neighbor and the young companion who moves in for an extended stay. Thompson was prompted to write the piece when screenwriter George Seaton offered him a grant to write a new play following the success of his previous work, On Golden Pond. The play originally was presented off-Broadway in 1978. After three previews, the Broadway production, directed by Noel William, opened on November 19, 1981, at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre. Despite the presence of screen legend Katharine Hepburn, supported by Dorothy Loudon, Regina Baff, and David Margulies, it ran for only 126 performances. Hepburn was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play, but lost to Zoe Caldwell (Medea). The production then went on tour, running at the Shubert Theatre (Boston) from April 13 to May 1, 1982. Thompson wrote the teleplay for and directed a CBS production that originally aired on Thanksgiving night in 1995. The cast included Shirley MacLaine, Liza Minnelli, Kathy Bates, Jennifer Grey, Estelle Harris, and Robert Pastorelli.

text:
# The West Side Waltz

***The West Side Waltz*** is a play by Ernest Thompson.

The play focuses on Margaret Mary Elderdice, an aging, widowed pianist living in a dreary Upper West Side apartment, and her relationships with a prim, virginal violinist neighbor and the young companion who moves in for an extended stay. Thompson was prompted to write the piece when screenwriter George Seaton offered him a grant to write a new play following the success of his previous work, *On Golden Pond*.

The play originally was presented off-Broadway in 1978. After three previews, the Broadway production, directed by Noel William, opened on November 19, 1981, at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre. Despite the presence of screen legend Katharine Hepburn, supported by Dorothy Loudon, Regina Baff, and David Margulies, it ran for only 126 performances. Hepburn was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play, but lost to Zoe Caldwell (*Medea*). The production then went on tour, running at the Shubert Theatre (Boston) from April 13 to May 1, 1982.

Thompson wrote the teleplay for and directed a CBS production that originally aired on Thanksgiving night in 1995. The cast included Shirley MacLaine, Liza Minnelli, Kathy Bates, Jennifer Grey, Estelle Harris, and Robert Pastorelli.