title: Dunsmuir Botanical Gardens

abstract: Dunsmuir City Park and Botanical Gardens is a 10-acre municipal park and botanical garden maintained by Dunsmuir Botanical Gardens Inc., a non-profit 501(c)(3)organization of volunteers within Dunsmuir City Park in the city of Dunsmuir, California near Mount Shasta. The Gardens are on City of Dunsmuir property under the general control of Siskiyou County via the Board of Directors of the Dunsmuir Park & Recreation District.

text:
# Dunsmuir Botanical Gardens

**Dunsmuir City Park and Botanical Gardens** is a 10-acre (4 ha) municipal park and botanical garden maintained by Dunsmuir Botanical Gardens Inc., a non-profit 501(c)(3)organization of volunteers within Dunsmuir City Park in the city of Dunsmuir, California near Mount Shasta. The Gardens are on City of Dunsmuir property under the general control of Siskiyou County via the Board of Directors of the Dunsmuir Park & Recreation District.

## Gardens

The Botanical Gardens encompass about ten acres (4 ha) of a hilly, wooded area with a meadow, a playground area, and picnic sites bordering the Upper Sacramento River. Native white dogwood is prolific in the park and blooms in the spring. There are many Shasta lilies growing on the hillsides and native azaleas grow along the river. In addition to the many native species, a variety of other perennial plants and shrubs have been introduced. These include rhododendrons, hostas, ferns and Japanese maples. During the spring and summer, various annual plants are cultivated.

Numerous walking trails are found in the park, from which the plant material may be viewed. The meadow is the venue for the 'Tribute to the Trees' concert and other events throughout the year.

## Events

The Gardens host weddings, concerts and group picnics. Each summer, the annual Tribute To the Trees concert presents an outdoor dinner concert on the lawns and stage along the upper Sacramento River. Member-donors from California, Oregon and Arizona, attend the concert. Educational programs included the Elder Hostel's Road Scholars program for Grandparents and Grandchildren and river education programs hosted by the River Exchange.

## Fishing

Trout fishing is allowed off season year around on a catch and release basis.

## Animals

River otters can be seen in the river, where the Cantara Loop trail derailment and chemical spill once sterilized this section of the river—the area upstream from the spill gradually restored much of the river's biosphere, and the fishery is healthy, though crayfish and frogs have yet to reappear. Mink, cougar, bear, fisher and martin are sometimes in the immediate area.

## Babe Ruth

New York Yankees Babe Ruth and Bob Meusel played an exhibition baseball game in the park, against the Dunsmuir locals. The original grandstand was recently repaired and repainted after suffering damage in a winter storm. There is a Lions Club plaque commemorating the event outside the grandstand.

## Southern Pacific Locomotive #1727

In the park may be found Locomotive 1727, a class M-6 Mogul built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1901. It served Southern Pacific in California and Oregon until 1956. 1727 is one of seven Mogul engines now in existence, out of 355 originally built.

## Management and funding

The Botanic Garden is a member of the American Public Gardens Association. The Park is dependent upon concerts, contributions and grants.

41°08′N 122°10′W / 41.14°N 122.16°W / 41.14; -122.16


title: Dunsmuir House

abstract: The Dunsmuir House and Gardens is located in Oakland, California on a 50-acre (200,000 m⁲) site. The Dunsmuir House has a neoclassical-revival architectural style and is listed in the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. It is now used primarily for weddings, receptions, business gatherings and historical reenactment events.

text:
# Dunsmuir House

The **Dunsmuir House and Gardens**  (also known by the name **The Dunsmuir-Hellman Historic Estate** and previously known as **Oakvale Park**) is located in Oakland, California on a 50-acre (200,000 m2) site. The Dunsmuir House has a neoclassical-revival architectural style and is listed in the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. It is now used primarily for weddings, receptions, business gatherings and historical reenactment events.

## History

The house was built in 1899 by Alexander Dunsmuir, son of Robert Dunsmuir, a wealthy coal magnate from Victoria, BC. Dunsmuir, who came to the San Francisco Bay Area in 1878 to manage the family business, intended the house to be a wedding gift for his new bride but didn't get to live in it with her as he fell ill and died while on his honeymoon in New York. His new bride returned to live in the home but soon died herself in 1901.

I.W. Hellman Jr. purchased the estate in 1906 as a summer home for his family and by 1913 the mansion was remodeled for the larger family's needs as well as to hold their growing acquisitions from European travel.

Mrs. Hellman kept the estate well into the 1950s after her husband's death in 1920. During this time additions included the swimming pool and Dinkelspiel House and a good deal of landscape development on the northern end of the estate.

In the early 1960s, the mansion and lands were purchased by the City of Oakland with the intention of using it as a conference center. When this project didn't work out, a non-profit organization was formed in 1971 to preserve and restore the estate for the public benefit and for many years, the non-profit group and the City jointly operated the estate.

In June 1989, the non-profit organization took over most of the administrative duties and dubbed the grounds the *Dunsmuir House and Gardens* with its primary function to be as an educational, historical, cultural, and horticultural resource. The mansion has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior and both the mansion and the Carriage house have been designated Historic Landmarks by the City of Oakland.

## Grounds and gardens

Golden Gate Park's landscape architect, John McLaren, is rumored to have assisted the Hellmans in designing the Dunsmuir gardens which includes a wide variety of trees, including Camperdown Elms, Bunya-Bunya and Hornbeam trees. In addition, the Hellman estate contained a golf course, formal croquet court, tennis court, swimming pool with Mission-style bathhouse, glass conservatory with grotto, an elaborate aviary, formal garden maze, and Japanese garden. Deer, wild turkeys and water fowl also make the estate their home.

## Mansion

The Dunsmuir mansion was designed by the San Francisco architect J. Eugene Freeman and is an example of Neoclassical-Revival architecture which was popular in the late 1800s. The 37-room mansion is 16,224 square feet and features 10 fireplaces, a Tiffany-style dome, wood paneled public rooms and inlaid parquet floors. The servant quarters in the house are designed to accommodate 12 live-in staff.

## Current uses

Docents lead tours of the estate grounds and the 37-room Dunsmuir Mansion on Wednesdays and the first Sunday of the month from April – September (except for July).

The non-profit organization rents out all or part of the property for various occasions such as weddings, corporate engagements, auctions, and historic reenactment gatherings. However, the estate has also been used as a location or background for several movies and television shows, such as:

37°44′34″N 122°08′28″W / 37.74278°N 122.14111°W / 37.74278; -122.14111

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Dunsmuir House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Oakland Designated Landmark No. 37 | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Oakland, California |
| Built | 1899 |
| Architect | Eugene Freeman |
| Architectural style | Neoclassical Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 72000214 |
| ODL No. | 37 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | May 19, 1972 |
| Designated ODL | 1980 |


title: Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A

abstract: The Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A commonly known by the abbreviation the SACM pistol, is a semi-automatic pistol designed by Charles Petter, chambered for the 7.65mm Longue cartridge. It was developed to compete in the 1935–1937 French military trials conducted by the Commission d’Experiences Techniques de Versailles to select a new sidearm.

text:
# Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A

The **Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A** (*Automatic Pistol Model 1935A*, also known as the Modèle 1935A, French Model 1935A, or M1935A) commonly known by the abbreviation the **SACM** pistol, is a semi-automatic pistol designed by Charles Petter, chambered for the 7.65mm Longue cartridge. It was developed to compete in the 1935–1937 French military trials conducted by the *Commission d’Experiences Techniques de Versailles* to select a new sidearm.

## Description

The Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A was developed by the Swiss-born Charles Petter, a former captain in the French Foreign Legion and an engineer of the French company *Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques* (SACM). Petter designed a pistol which had some of the same design elements as John Browning's M1911 pistol, such as the grooved slide and barrel which interlocked and recoiled together until a pivoting link lowered the barrel, thus unlocking the assembly and further rearward movement of the barrel and slide together, which after reaching the point of greatest movement would be returned to battery. Along the way, the slide would strip a cartridge from the magazine and push it into the chamber just prior to the under barrel link forcing the barrel up into engagement with the slide, locking the action. Petter eliminated the barrel bushing and used a full-length spring guide which had the effect of removing one of the elements of inaccuracy from the M1911 design and increased functional reliability. Petter's design was chambered for the 7.65mm Long cartridge.

The pistol won the 1935–1937 competition to produce the new French military sidearm; a different pistol in the competition was the similarly named Pistolet automatique modèle 1935S. Initial production of the 1935A began in 1937, and the pistol began delivery to the French Army in late 1939, with a total of about 10,700 pistols built before German forces occupied the SACM factory in the summer of 1940. The Germans continued production of the 1935A, now designated the "Pistole 625 (f)", with about 23,850 pistols made for the German forces. Following the end of the German occupation of France in 1944, SACM resumed production of the 1935A for the French military, making a further 50,400 pistols. In total, about 84,950 1935A pistols were produced between October 1937 and February 1950.

A unique feature of the system was an integrated fire control system. The trigger, hammer, mainspring, and sear assembly were contained in one unit. Petter's design impressed the Swiss company Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft (now known as SIG Group); in 1937, they purchased a license from SACM in order to produce their model 47/8 handgun, which became the SIG P210.

## Users

* FANK: 381 in inventory as of 1 April 1972

* Medlin, Eugene and Colin Doane. *The French 1935 Pistols: A Concise History*. Latham, NY: Excaliber Publications, 1995.
* Medlin, Eugene and Jean Huon. *French Service Handguns 1858–2004*. St. Louis, MO: Tommy Gun Publications, 2004.

## InfoBox

| Pistolet automatique modèle 1935A | |
| --- | --- |
| Modèle 1935A pistol | |
| Type | Semi-automatic pistol |
| Place of origin | France |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1937–1960s |
| Used by | See Users |
| Wars | World War II
First Indochina War
Algerian War
Vietnam War |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Charles Petter |
| Designed | 1935 |
| Manufacturer | Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (SACM) |
| Produced | 1937–1956 |
| No. built | 84,000 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 730 g (1.61 lb) |
| Length | 7.75 in (197 mm) |
| Barrel length | 4.29 in (109 mm) |
| Height | 4.96 in (126 mm) |
| --- | |
| Cartridge | 7.65×20mm Longue |
| Action | Short recoil |
| Muzzle velocity | 345 metres per second (1,130 ft/s) |
| Feed system | 8-round magazine |


title: Dunira maculapex

abstract: Dunira maculapex is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka.

text:
# Dunira maculapex

***Dunira maculapex*** is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka.

## InfoBox

| *Dunira maculapex* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Noctuidae |
| Genus: | *Dunira* |
| Species: | ***D. maculapex*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Dunira maculapex***<br>(Hampson, 1893) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eclipsea maculapex* Hampson, 1894 | |


title: Duniry

abstract: Duniry is a townland, with a small village centre, between Tynagh and Abbey, in County Galway, Ireland. Nearby is the townland of Limehill, the south of which has a bog. Duniry's most noted landmark was Egan's castle, now derelict; it flourished from 1450 to 1600 and is associated with stories of Clanricarde and their brehons. In the early 15th century, Murchadh Ó Cuindlis probably compiled An Leabhar Breac at Duniry. The local hurling club is Tynagh-Abbey/Duniry GAA.

text:
# Duniry

**Duniry** (Irish: *Dún Doighre*) is a townland, with a small village centre, between Tynagh and Abbey, in County Galway, Ireland. Nearby is the townland of Limehill, the south of which has a bog.

Duniry's most noted landmark was Egan's castle, now derelict; it flourished from 1450 to 1600 and is associated with stories of Clanricarde and their brehons. In the early 15th century, Murchadh Ó Cuindlis probably compiled An Leabhar Breac at Duniry.

The local hurling club is Tynagh-Abbey/Duniry GAA.

53°08′05″N 8°24′19″W / 53.1346°N 8.4054°W / 53.1346; -8.4054


title: Dunira punctimargo

abstract: Dunira punctimargo is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka and Taiwan.

text:
# Dunira punctimargo

***Dunira punctimargo*** is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka and Taiwan.

## InfoBox

| *Dunira punctimargo* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Sarcopteron punctimargo* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Noctuidae |
| Genus: | *Dunira* |
| Species: | ***D. punctimargo*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Dunira punctimargo***<br>(Hampson, 1893) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Sarcopteron punctimargo* Hampson, 1893 | |


title: Dufferin Mall

abstract: Dufferin Mall is a shopping mall in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located on the west side of Dufferin Street, south of the intersection of Bloor Street West, in the Brockton Village neighbourhood. It was first built as a shopping plaza in the 1950s on the site of the Dufferin Park Racetrack. It was later enclosed and made into a mall, in the 1970s.

text:
# Dufferin Mall

**Dufferin Mall** is a shopping mall in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located on the west side of Dufferin Street, south of the intersection of Bloor Street West, in the Brockton Village neighbourhood. It was first built as a shopping plaza in the 1950s on the site of the Dufferin Park Racetrack. It was later enclosed and made into a mall, in the 1970s.

## Description

Dufferin Mall is a 567,000-square-foot (52,700 m2) district shopping centre. It has over 120 shops and services including big box stores and numerous clothing chains. The mall has a food court at the mall's southwest corner. The centre has a three-level parking lot.

Dufferin Mall attracts over 12 million visitors per year, making it one of the busiest malls per square foot in North America.

## History

The location was a part of the Denison estate. In 1907, the site was leased to Abe Orpen who established the Dufferin Park Racetrack. The track operated from 1907 until 1955 when the track was sold to the Ontario Jockey Club and closed. The Ontario Jockey Club consolidated its locations and sold the site for development. The Dufferin Plaza Shopping Centre was a shopping plaza established in 1956. The shopping plaza opened in 1957 but was converted to an enclosed mall, opening as Dufferin Mall in 1973.

A past anchor includes Horizon, a discount department store owned by T. Eaton Company. The space was converted to a regular Eaton's store upon the closure of the Horizon chain with the space being converted to a No Frills grocery store in the 1990s with Toys "R" Us occupying the former No Frills space. Another past anchor was Woolco, which later became Wal-Mart in 1994, then upgraded to Wal-Mart Supercentre. Zellers formerly operated in Dufferin Mall and has been replaced with smaller stores. Consumers Distributing formerly operated in Dufferin Mall until it became defunct in 1996.

## InfoBox

Dufferin Mall
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Coordinates | 43°39′21″N 79°26′08″W / 43.655965°N 79.435658°W / 43.655965; -79.435658 |
| Address | 900 Dufferin Street
Toronto, Ontario
M6H 4A9 |
| Opening date | 1973 |
| Management | Primaris REIT |
| Owner | Primaris REIT |
| No. of stores and services | 130 |
| No. of anchor tenants | 4 |
| Total retail floor area | 567,000 sq ft (52,700 m2) |
| No. of floors | 3 |
| Website | dufferinmall.ca |


title: Dufferin Rifles of Canada

abstract: The Dufferin Rifles of Canada was an infantry regiment of the Canadian Non-Permanent Active Militia 1866-1936. In 1936, the regiment was amalgamated with the Haldimand Rifles to form the Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada. Later that unit was converted to artillery as the 56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA. Notable members of the regiment included Sergeant William Merrifield, who won the Victoria Cross, and Lieutenant-General Ernest Charles Ashton.

text:
# Dufferin Rifles of Canada

The **Dufferin Rifles of Canada** was an infantry regiment of the Canadian Non-Permanent Active Militia (now the Canadian Army) 1866-1936.

In 1936, the regiment was amalgamated with the Haldimand Rifles to form the Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada. Later that unit was converted to artillery as the 56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA.

Notable members of the regiment included Sergeant William Merrifield, who won the Victoria Cross, and Lieutenant-General Ernest Charles Ashton.

## Lineage

* Originated on 28 September 1866, in **Brantford, Ontario**, as the **38th Brant Battalion of Infantry**.
* Redesignated on 30 November 1866, as the **38th Brant Battalion of Infantry**.
* Redesignated on 24 March 1871, as the **38th Brant Battalion of Rifles**.
* Redesignated on 3 July 1874, as the **38th Brant Battalion or Dufferin Rifles**.
* Redesignated on 28 September 1883, as the **38th Battalion Dufferin Rifles of Canada**.
* Redesignated on 8 May 1900, as the **38th Regiment Dufferin Rifles of Canada**.
* Redesignated on 1 May 1920, as **The Dufferin Rifles of Canada**.
* Amalgamated on 15 December 1936, with **The Haldimand Rifles** and C Company of the **3rd Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC**, and Redesignated as **The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada**.

### Chart

| Lineage chart |
| --- |
| 1856  Paris Rifle Coy                          1861       No. 1 Brantford Rifle Coy                      1862            No. 2 Brantford Highland Rifle Coy                  1863                 Mount Pleasant Infy Coy              1866                      Brantford Infy Coy  Burford Infy Coy  Newport Infy Coy   1866            38th "Brant Bn of Infy"                      1866          38th "Brant" Bn of Infy                  1871          38th "Brant" Bn of Rifles                  1874          38th "Brant" Bn or "Dufferin Rifles"                  1883          38th Bn "Dufferin Rifles of Canada"                  1900          38th Regt "Dufferin Rifles of Canada"                  1914      4th Bn, CEF       36th Bn, CEF              1915                     125th "Overseas" Bn, CEF          1916                          215th "Overseas" Bn, CEF      1917                *Absorbed by 3rd Reserve Bn, CEF*       *Absorbed by 2nd Reserve Bn, CEF*      1918                    *Absorbed by 8th Reserve Bn, CEF*          1920      *Disbanded*  1st Bn (4th Bn, CEF), The Dufferin Rifles of Canada  2nd Bn (36th Bn, CEF), The Dufferin Rifles of Canada  3rd Bn (125th Bn, CEF), The Dufferin Rifles of Canada  4th Bn (215th Bn, CEF), The Dufferin Rifles of Canada      1st Bn (114th Bn, CEF), The Haldimand Rifles                          C Coy, 3rd MG Bn, CMGC   1936                *Disbanded*   *Disbanded*   *Disbanded*        1936                The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada |

## Perpetuations

## Organization

### 38th Brant Battalion of Infantry (28 September 1866)

* No. 1 Company (1st Brantford Rifles) (Brantford, Ontario) (first raised on 13 December 1861 as the 1st Brantford Rifle Company)
* No. 2 Company (2nd Brantford Rifles) (Brantford, Ontario) (first raised on 3 July 1862 as the 2nd Brantford Highland Rifle Company)
* No. 3 Company (Paris Rifles) (Paris, Ontario) (first raised on 26 June 1856 as the Volunteer Militia Company of Paris)
* No. 4 Company (Mount Pleasant Infantry) (Mount Pleasant, Ontario) (first raised on 30 January 1863 as the Mount Pleasant Infantry Company; later disbanded 6 February 1869)
* No. 5 Company (3rd Brantford Rifles) (Brantford, Ontario) (first raised on 1 June 1866 as the 3rd Brantford Infantry Company)
* No. 6 Company (Burford Infantry) (Burford, Ontario) (first raised on 17 August 1866 as the Burford Infantry Company of Volunteer Militia)
* No. 7 Company (Newport Infantry) (Newport, Ontario) (first raised on 31 August 1866 as the Newport Infantry Company; later disbanded on 14 December 1866)

### The Dufferin Rifles of Canada (01 September, 1920)

* 1st Battalion (perpetuating the 4th Battalion, CEF)
* 2nd (Reserve) Battalion (perpetuating the 36th Battalion, CEF)
* 3rd (Reserve) Battalion (perpetuating the 125th Battalion, CEF)
* 4th (Reserve) Battalion (perpetuating the 215th Battalion, CEF)

## Battle honours

In 1929, the regiment was granted these honours for the Great War. The list is identical to the honours granted at the same time to the 4th Canadian Infantry Battalion, CEF.

1. "Guide to Sources Relating to the Canadian Militia (Infantry, Cavalry, Armored)" (PDF). *Library and Archives Canada*.
2. Defence, National (2019-01-28). "56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA". *www.canada.ca*. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
3. "The Dufferin Rifles of Canada". 2007-11-16. Archived from the original on 2007-11-16. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
4. "56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA". *www.canada.ca*. 2019-01-28. Retrieved 2022-08-17.
5. "CEF Infantry Battalions" (PDF). *Library and Archives Canada*.
6. "4th Battalion, CEF". *www.canadiansoldiers.com*. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
7. Appendix to General Order No. 110 of 1929

## InfoBox

| The Dufferin Rifles of Canada | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 1866-1936 |
| Country | Canada |
| Branch | Canadian Militia |
| Type | Rifle Regiment |
| Part of | Non-Permanent Active Militia |
| Garrison/HQ | Brantford, Ontario |
| Engagements | First World War |
| Battle honours | Somme, Arras, Vimy, and others |


title: Dunsford

abstract: Dunsford is a village in Devon, England; it is located just inside the Dartmoor National Park. The hamlet of Butts is sited about one mile to the west; it generally considered to be part of the village, as is Reedy, which is a similar distance to the east.

text:
# Dunsford

**Dunsford** is a village in Devon, England; it is located just inside the Dartmoor National Park. The hamlet of *Butts* is sited about one mile to the west; it generally considered to be part of the village, as is *Reedy*, which is a similar distance to the east.

## History

The place name is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it appears as *Dunesforda*, meaning 'Dunn's ford'.

The village has a number of traditional thatched cottages; a primary school which has a swimming pool, climbing wall and sports field; one village shop and post office; a tea room and a public house. St Mary's Church, built between 1420 and 1455, is located in the village centre.

Dunsford Halt was a station on the Teign Valley Line from Exeter St Thomas to Heathfield station that served the village from 1928 to 1958.

Great Fulford House lies to the west of Dunsford; a Domesday manor which has been the home of the Fulford family since at least 1190. The present house was mainly built in the early 16th century and is a semi-fortified mansion house built round a central courtyard. It was the backdrop to the 2014 reality-television programme, Life Is Toff.

## Geography

Dunsford Woods nature reserve is nearby, which is managed by Devon Wildlife Trust; it consists of 57 hectares of river valley woodland, heath-covered rocky slopes and fertile flood-plain scrub and grassland. It is known especially for its wild daffodils and six species of fritillary butterfly.

## Events

Dunsford holds a village show at the beginning of July every year. Dunsford Amateur Dramatic Society (DADS) produces a pantomime in the village hall in early January. The villagers also hold an annual fancy dress pancake race in the streets.

## InfoBox

| Dunsford | |
| --- | --- |
| The river Teign, as it passes through Dunsford Nature Reserve | |
| DunsfordLocation within Devon | |
| Population | 688 |
| OS grid reference | SX813892 |
| District |  |
| Shire county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | EXETER |
| Postcode district | EX6 |
|  | |
| Police | Devon and Cornwall |
| Fire | Devon and Somerset |
| Ambulance | South Western |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Dunsford Halt railway station

abstract: Dunsford Halt was a railway station serving Dunsford, a small village in Devon, England, on the Teign Valley Line between the towns of Newton Abbot and Exeter.

text:
# Dunsford Halt railway station

| Teign Valley Line |
| --- |
|  |
|  |

**Dunsford Halt** was a railway station serving Dunsford, a small village in Devon, England, on the Teign Valley Line between the towns of Newton Abbot and Exeter.

## History

Situated some two miles from Dunsford village, the halt consisted of a single timber edged platform on the south side of the line 100 ft in length and a typical basic flat roofed corrugated Great Western Railway iron shelter. It was replaced by a concrete platform after WW2. Dunsford was built some years after the stations on the line to compete against the new bus services.

Passenger numbers reached their peak in the 1930s with seven daily services provided each way between Exeter and Heathfield. During World War II this was reduced to four trains in each direction, still with no trains on a Sunday. This was increased to five daily trains after the war. The line was sometimes used as a diversionary route if the South Devon main line was unavailable.

## Later

The Teign Valley line may have a role to play in the future as an alternative to the Devon's main line route along the Dawlish coastline, which is vulnerable to stormy seas. The Council for the Protection of Rural England put together a feasibility study. Some of the old infrastructure is still in place: six of the 21 miles of track remained in 2009.

The Exeter and Teign Valley Railway has established a base in the old Christow railway station goods yard and plan to re-open the Teign Valley Line.

| Preceding station |  | Disused railways |  | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Christow |  | Heathfield to Exeter St Davids
Great Western Railway |  | Longdown |

Notes Sources * Beck, Keith; Copsey, John (1990). *The Great Western in South Devon*. Didcot: Wild Swan Publications. ISBN 0-906867-90-8.
* Butt, R (1995). *The Directory of Railway Stations: details every public and private passenger station, halt, platform and stopping place, past and present (1st ed.)*. Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-8526-0508-1.

## InfoBox

| Dunsford Halt | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Location | Christow, Teignbridge
England |
| Coordinates | 50°41′36″N 3°38′43″W / 50.6934°N 3.6452°W / 50.6934; -3.6452 |
| Grid reference | SX8389589487 |
| Platforms | 1 |
| Other information | |
| Status | Disused |
| History | |
| Original company | Great Western Railway |
| Post-grouping | Great Western Railway |
| Key dates | |
| 16 January 1928 | Opened |
| 9 June 1958 | Closed to passengers |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Dumaria, Purvi Singhbhum

abstract: Dumaria is a village in the Dumaria CD block in the Ghatshila subdivision of the East Singhbhum district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

text:
# Dumaria, Purvi Singhbhum

**Dumaria** (also spelled Dumariya, Dumriya) is a village in the Dumaria CD block in the Ghatshila subdivision of the East Singhbhum district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

## Geography

15km
10milesWES T  BENGALODI S HA Dalma
Wildlife
SanctuaryT Kharkhai
River Subarnarekha
River MusabaniCT JadugoraCT HaludpukurCT GhatshilaCT GaludihT BurudiT ChakuliyaM JamshedpurM PotkaR PatamdaR MahuliaR KokparaR HataR GurbandhaR DumariaR BoramR  DhalbhumgarhR  BaharagoraR**Cities, towns and locations in East Singhbhum district in Kolhan Division** (Locations around Jamshedpur are shown in the Jamshedpur Urban Agglomeration map - see Bagbera Colony page)
M: municipality, R: rural/ urban centre, CT: census town, T: tourist centre
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly

### Location

Dumriya is located at 22°27′20″N 86°26′19″E / 22.4556°N 86.4387°E / 22.4556; 86.4387.

### Area overview

The area shown in the map "forms a part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau and is a hilly upland tract". The main rivers draining the district are the Subarnarekha and the Kharkai. The area lying between Jamshedpur and Ghatshila is the main industrial mining zone. The rest of the district is primarily agricultural. In the district, as of 2011, 56.9% of the population lives in the rural areas and a high 43.1% lives in the urban areas.

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the district. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Civic administration

There is a police station at Dumaria.

The headquarters of Dumaria CD block is located at Dumaria village.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Dumariya had a total population of 1,507, of which 778 (52%) were males and 729 (48%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 187. The total number of literate persons in Dumariya was 1,010 (76.52% of the population over 6 years).

(\*For language details see Dumaria block#Language and religion)

## Education

Model School Dumaria is an English-medium coeducational institution established in 2011. It has facilities for teaching from class VI to class X.

Project Balika High School is a Hindi-medium girls only institution established in 1984. It has facilities for teaching in classes IX and X. The school has a playground and a library with 800 books.

## InfoBox

| Dumaria | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| DumariaLocation in Jharkhand, IndiaDumariaDumaria (India) | |
| Coordinates: 22°27′20″N 86°26′19″E / 22.4556°N 86.4387°E / 22.4556; 86.4387 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Jharkhand |
| District | East Singhbhum |
| Government | |
| Type | Federal democracy |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 1,507 |
| Languages * | |
| Official | Hindi, Santali |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 832104 |
| Telephone/ STD code | 0657 |
| Vehicle registration | JH 05 |
| Literacy | 76.52% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Jamshedpur |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Potka |
| Website | jamshedpur.nic.in |


title: Dumaria block

abstract: Dumaria block is a CD block that forms an administrative division in the Ghatshila subdivision of East Singhbhum district, in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

text:
# Dumaria block

**Dumaria block** (also spelled Dumriya) is a CD block that forms an administrative division in the Ghatshila subdivision of East Singhbhum district, in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

## History

The laying of the foundation stone of the steel plant by Tata Steel (then known as Tata Iron and Steel Company) in 1907 at Sakchi Kalimati in Singhbhum district marked the beginning of the industrialisation of the area. The first police station in the area was opened in 1912 at Jugsalai. The Kalimati Sakchi village was renamed ‘Jamshedpur’ in 1917. Dhalbhum subdivision was created in 1920 with Jamshedpur as headquarters. Jamshedpur Notified Area was established in 1924. East Singhbhum district, with Jamshedpur as headquarters, was set up in 1990.

## Geography

Dumaria is located at 22°27′49″N 86°26′19″E / 22.4636°N 86.4387°E / 22.4636; 86.4387.

“The district forms a part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau and is a hilly upland tract”. The Seraikela Dhalbhumgarh upland and the Dalma range are natural divisions of the district. The main rivers are the Subarnarekha and the Kharkai.

The district consists of two subdivisions - (1) Dhalbhum subdivision with Patamda, Boram, Golmuri-cum-Jugsalai and Potka CD blocks, and (2) Ghatshila subdivision with Ghatshila, Dhalbhumgarh, Musabani, Dumaria, Gurbandha, Chakulia and Baharagora CD blocks.

Dumaria CD block is bounded by the Musabani CD block on the north, Gurbandha CD block on the east, the Rajrangpur and Bijatola CD blocks/ tehsils in the Mayurbhanj district of the Odisha state on the south, and the Potka CD block on the west.

Dumaria CD block has an area of 316.74 km2.Dumaria police station serves Dumaria CD block. The headquarters of Dumaria CD block is located at Dumaria village.

## Demographics

### Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, Dumaria CD block had a total population of 62,128, all of which were rural. There were 31,043 (50%) males and 31,085 (50%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 9,876. Scheduled Castes numbered 3,460 (5.57%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 44,658 (71.88%).

### Literacy

According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Dumaria CD block was 29,840 (57.11% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 18,137 (69.89% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 11,703 (44.50% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 25.39%.

As of 2011 census, literacy in Purbi Singhbhum district was 76.13%. Literacy in Jharkhand was 67.63% in 2011. Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.

See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate

| Literacy in CD Blocks of
Purbi Singhbhum district |
| --- |
| Dhalbhum subdivision |
| Patamda – 59.37% |
| Boram – 58.02% |
| Golmuri-cum-Jugsalai – 79.00% |
| Potka – 64.09% |
| Ghatshila subdivision |
| Ghatshila – 70.72% |
| Musabani – 70.94% |
| Dumaria – 57.11% |
| Dhalbhumgarh – 62.75% |
| Gurbandha – 55.05% |
| Chakulia – 64.35% |
| Baharagora – 64.45% |
| Source: 2011 Census: CD block Wise
Primary Census Abstract Data |

## Language and religion

Languages in Dumaria CD block (2011)

Santali (47.30%)  Bengali (21.98%)  Ho (13.49%)  Odia (11.02%)  Mundari (2.79%)  Kharia (1.65%)  Others (1.77%)

According to the *Population by Mother Tongue 2011* data, in the Dumaria subdistrict, Santhali was the mother-tongue of 29,880 persons forming 48.09% of the population, followed by (number of persons and percentage of population in brackets) Bengali (13,697/ 21.98%), Ho (8,382/ 13.49%), Odia (6,848/ 11.02%), Mundari (1,547/ 2.49%), Kharia (1,027/ 1.65), Hindi (494/ 0.80%), and persons with other languages as mother-tongue (297/ 0.43%).

Note: An attempt has been made to include all language groups each with at least 500 persons as their mother-tongue and only those groups with less than 500 persons as their mother-tongue are included in the “other languages” category. Comparatively smaller language groups with 200+ persons as their mother-tongue are mentioned in the text. Many languages have sub-groups. Those who are interested can see the reference for more details.

Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language.

| Religion in Dumaria CD block (2011) | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | |  |  | |
| Sarna | |  | 63.36% | |
| Hinduism | |  | 34.52% | |
| Islam | |  | 1.63% | |
| Other or not stated | |  | 0.35% | |

According to the *Population by Religious Communities 2011* data, in the Dumaria subdistrict, “Other religious communities” numbered 39,367 and formed 63.36% of the population, followed by (number of persons and percentage of population in brackets) Hindus (21,444/ 34.52%), Muslims (1,010/ 1.63%), Christians (240/ 0.39%), and persons who did not state their religion (67/ 0.11%).

## Economy

### Overview

NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) has released the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (NMPI) baseline report in November 2021. “MPI is calculated using 12 segments - nutrition, child and adolescent mortality, antenatal care, years of schooling, school attendance, cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, assets and bank account, as compared to the previous approach of just considering the poverty line”. Approximately 25.01% population of the country was multidimensionally poor. State-wise Bihar was the poorest with 51.91% of the population being poor, followed by Jharkhand with 42.16% of the population being poor. The silver lining in this scenario is that within Jharkhand, the richest districts are East Singhbhum, Dhanbad, Bokaro, and Ranchi. These districts are having industries and/or mining activity. However, CD blocks still largely dependent on agriculture have remained traditional.

### Livelihood

**Livelihood
in Dumaria CD block**

Cultivators (31.26%)  Agricultural labourers (53.02%)  Household industries (2.92%)  Other Workers (12.80%)

In Dumaria CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 9,301 and formed 31.26%, agricultural labourers numbered 15,773 and formed 53.02%, household industry workers numbered 869 and formed 2.92% and other workers numbered 3,808 and formed 12.80%. Total workers numbered 29,751 and formed 47.89% of the total population non-workers numbered 32,377 and formed 52.11% of the population.

### Infrastructure

There are 100 inhabited villages in Dumaria CD block. In 2011, 27 villages had power supply. x villages had tap water, 89 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 85 villages had hand pumps, and all villages have drinking water facility. 1 village had post office, 1 village had sub post office, 1 village had telephone (land line), 74 villages had mobile phone coverage. 83 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 5 villages had bus service (public/ private), 1 village had autos/ modified autos, 1 village had taxi/ van, 44 villages had tractors. 1 village had bank branches, 16 villages had agricultural credit societies, 13 villages had availability of newspapers, 52 villages had ration shops, 19 villages had weekly haat, 61 villages had assembly polling stations.

## Education

Dumaria CD block had 5 villages with pre-primary schools, 87 villages with primary schools, 30 villages with middle schools, 3 villages with secondary schools, 2 villages with senior secondary schools, 3 villages with no educational facility.
.\*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand

## Healthcare

Dumaria CD block had 4 villages with primary health subcentres, 1 village with maternity and child welfares centre, 1 village with allopathic hospital, 2 villages with dispensaries, 1 village with family welfare centre, 2 villages with medicine shops.
.\*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included

## InfoBox

| Dumaria | |
| --- | --- |
| Community development block | |
| DumariaLocation in JharkhandDumariaDumaria (India) | |
| Coordinates: 22°27′49″N 86°26′19″E / 22.4636°N 86.4387°E / 22.4636; 86.4387 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Jharkhand |
| District | East Singhbhum |
| Government | |
| Type | Federal democracy |
| Area | |
| Total | 316.74 km2 (122.29 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 62,128 |
| Density | 200/km2 (510/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Hindi, Santali |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 832104 |
| Telephone/STD code | 0657 |
| Vehicle registration | JH 05 |
| Literacy | 57.11% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Jamshedpur |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Potka |
| Website | jamshedpur.nic.in |


title: Pizzo di Röd

abstract: Pizzo di Röd is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps, overlooking Fusio in the canton of Ticino. It is located on the chain separating the Valle di Peccia from the Val Lavizzara.

text:
# Pizzo di Röd

**Pizzo di Röd** is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps, overlooking Fusio in the canton of Ticino. It is located on the chain separating the Valle di Peccia from the Val Lavizzara.

## InfoBox

| Pizzo di Röd | |
| --- | --- |
| Pizzo di RödLocation in Switzerland | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,699 m (8,855 ft) |
| Prominence | 279 m (915 ft) |
| Parent peak | Basòdino |
| Coordinates | 46°27′8.7″N 8°36′48.7″E / 46.452417°N 8.613528°E / 46.452417; 8.613528 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Ticino, Switzerland |
| Parent range | Lepontine Alps |


title: Plate rolling machine

abstract:
A plate rolling machine is a machine that will roll different kinds of sheet metal into a round or conical shape.
It can be also called a “roll bending machine”, “plate bending machine” or “rolling machine”. There are different kinds of technology to roll the metal plate:
  - Four-roller machines have a top roll, the pinching roll, and two side rolls. The flat metal plate is placed in the machine on either side and "pre-bent" on the same side. The side rolls do the work of bending. The pinching roll holds the plate.
  - Three-roller machines have one pressing top roll and two pressing side rolls. The three-roll variable pitch works by having all three rolls able to move and tilt. The top roll moves in the vertical plane and the side rolls move on the horizontal plane.
When rolling, the top roll presses the metal plate between the two side rolls. The advantage of having the variable three roll is the ability to roll many thicknesses and diameters of cylinders. For example;
The side-rolls are what produce the mechanical advantage. With the side rolls all the way open, one has the maximum mechanical advantage. With the side rolls all the way in, you have the least mechanical advantage.
So, a machine has the capability of rolling 2-inch-thick material with the maximum mechanical advantage, but a job is only 1/2 inch thick. Reduce the mechanical advantage and one has a machine that can roll from 1/2 to 2 inches thick. Plate rollers can be powered and controlled in multiple ways. Older plate mills are driven by electric motors and newer ones are directed by programs that are loaded into the CNC controller. When thinking about plate roll acquisition, industrial machinery companies like Provetco Technology will ask about the working length of the roller, the maximum thickness of the material, top roll diameter size as well as the minimum thickness of the material. Furthermore, the material yield is another critical component to disclose to machinery companies when looking for a plate roller.

text:
# Plate rolling machine

A **plate rolling machine** is a machine that will roll different kinds of sheet metal into a round or conical shape. It can be also called a “roll bending machine”, “plate bending machine” or “rolling machine”.

There are different kinds of technology to roll the metal plate:

* Four-roller machines have a top roll, the pinching roll, and two side rolls.

The flat metal plate is placed in the machine on either side and "pre-bent" on the same side. The side rolls do the work of bending. The pinching roll holds the plate.

* Three-roller machines (variable pitch aka variable geometry) have one pressing top roll and two pressing side rolls.

The three-roll variable pitch works by having all three rolls able to move and tilt. The top roll moves in the vertical plane and the side rolls move on the horizontal plane. When rolling, the top roll presses the metal plate between the two side rolls. The advantage of having the variable three roll is the ability to roll many thicknesses and diameters of cylinders.

For example; The side-rolls are what produce the mechanical advantage. With the side rolls all the way open, one has the maximum mechanical advantage. With the side rolls all the way in, you have the least mechanical advantage. So, a machine has the capability of rolling 2-inch-thick material with the maximum mechanical advantage, but a job is only 1/2 inch thick. Reduce the mechanical advantage and one has a machine that can roll from 1/2 to 2 inches thick.

Plate rollers can be powered and controlled in multiple ways. Older plate mills are driven by electric motors and newer ones are directed by programs that are loaded into the CNC controller. When thinking about plate roll acquisition, industrial machinery companies like Provetco Technology will ask about the working length of the roller, the maximum thickness of the material, top roll diameter size as well as the minimum thickness of the material. Furthermore, the material yield is another critical component to disclose to machinery companies when looking for a plate roller.

Provetco Technology: www.provetco.com


title: Plate nut

abstract: A plate nut, also known as a nut plate, anchor nut or anchor plate, is a stamped sheet metal nut that is usually riveted to a workpiece. They have a long tube that is internally threaded and a plate with two clearance holes for rivets. The most popular versions have two lugs and they exist as fixed anchor nuts and as floating anchor nuts. The latter allows the nut to move slightly and so enlarges the positioning tolerances of the mounted parts. They were originally developed for the aerospace industry but are now also common in automotive racing. Locknut types are available, which utilize deformed threads or a nylon locking element, much like a nyloc nut. These locking plate nuts are used when the nut is subjected to constant changes in environment or to vibration. The nylon insert expands and stops vibrations of the nut and acts as a locking arrangement. Other types have a floating nut or replaceable locking elements. A typical U.S. military specification for plate nuts is MS21047.

text:
# Plate nut

A **plate nut**, also known as a **nut plate**, **anchor nut** or **anchor plate**, is a stamped sheet metal nut that is usually riveted to a workpiece. They have a long tube that is internally threaded and a plate with two clearance holes for rivets. The most popular versions have two lugs and they exist as **fixed anchor nuts** and as **floating anchor nuts**. The latter allows the nut to move slightly and so enlarges the positioning tolerances of the mounted parts. They were originally developed for the aerospace industry but are now also common in automotive racing.

Locknut types are available, which utilize deformed threads or a nylon locking element, much like a nyloc nut. These locking plate nuts are used when the nut is subjected to constant changes in environment or to vibration. The nylon insert expands and stops vibrations of the nut and acts as a locking arrangement. Other types have a floating nut or replaceable locking elements. A typical U.S. military specification for plate nuts is MS21047.

### Notes

### Bibliography


title: Plateau North senatorial district

abstract: Plateau North senatorial district in Plateau State covers six local government areas, namely  Barkin-Ladi, Bassa, Jos East, Jos North, Jos South, and Riyom. Plateau North is currently represented in the Senate by Pam Mwadkon Dachungyang of the Action Democratic Party, ADP.

text:
# Plateau North senatorial district

**Plateau North senatorial district** in Plateau State covers six local government areas, namely Barkin-Ladi, Bassa, Jos East, Jos North, Jos South, and Riyom. Plateau North is currently represented in the Senate by Pam Mwadkon Dachungyang of the Action Democratic Party, ADP.

## List of senators representing Plateau North

| Senator | Party | Year | Assembly | Electoral history |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Davou Zang | Peoples Democratic Party | 3 June 1999 – 3 June 2003 | 4th |  |
| Timothy Adudu | All Nigeria Peoples Party | 3 June 2003 – 5 June 2007 | 5th |  |
| Gyang Dantong | Peoples Democratic Party | 5 June 2007 – 8 July 2012 | 6th<br>7th | Died in office |
| Gyang Pwajok | Peoples Democratic Party | 16 October 2012 – 6 June 2015 | 7th | Elected to complete Dantong's term |
| Jonah Jang | Peoples Democratic Party | 9 June 2015 – 9 June 2019 | 8th |  |
| Istifanus Gyang | Peoples Democratic Party | 11 June 2019 – 11 June 2023 | 9th |  |
| Simon Mwadkwon | Peoples Democratic Party | 13 June 2023 – 23 October 2023 | 10th | Sacked by an Appeal Court |
| Pam Dachungyang | Action Democratic Party | 13 February 2024 – present | |  |
|

1. Adinoyi, Seriki (2019-03-01). "Finally, INEC Declares PDP Winner of Plateau North Senatorial Election". *THISDAYLIVE*. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
2. "PDP picks Plateau North Senate seat -". *The Eagle Online*. 2019-02-28. Retrieved 2020-05-17.


title: Dustin Wood

abstract: Dustin Wood is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman.

text:
# Dustin Wood

**Dustin Wood** (born May 21, 1981, in Scarborough, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman.

## Playing career

He spent his amateur career in the Ontario Hockey League with the Peterborough Petes. Wood made his professional debut in the 2002–03 season with the Trenton Titans of the East Coast Hockey League. After a five-year career in the American Hockey League, Wood signed with German team, ERC Ingolstadt of the DEL for the 2007-08 season.

After helping Ingolstadt reach the playoffs, Wood then signed with fellow DEL team, the Kassel Huskies for the 2008–09 season. In October 2009, Wood signed with Anyang Halla (Asia League) for a 3-month deal to fill Jon Awe's spot. On December 16, 2009 the club extended Wood's contract for the rest of the season. In May 2010, Anyang Halla re-signed Wood to a one-year deal.

October 2, 2011 He was announced as signing for the Coventry Blaze of the British EIHL, to replace John Gordon who was released from the squad.

In August 2013, he returned to Japan and signed for another stint with Anyang Halla on a one-year contract. In August 2014, Wood left the Asia League and signed with Arystan Temirtau, a team in the Kazakhstan top tier league for the 2013–14 season. He had previously played for the team during the 2012–13 season.

## Career statistics

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1998–99 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | | 62 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 14 | | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1999–00 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | | 66 | 2 | 13 | 15 | 29 | | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2000–01 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | | 64 | 5 | 20 | 25 | 41 | | 7 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 11 |
| 2001–02 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | | 68 | 13 | 38 | 51 | 57 | | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 2002–03 | Trenton Titans | ECHL | | 63 | 4 | 23 | 27 | 28 | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2002–03 | Bridgeport Sound Tigers | AHL | | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2003–04 | Adirondack IceHawks | UHL | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2003–04 | Springfield Falcons | AHL | | 75 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 22 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2004–05 | Utah Grizzlies | AHL | | 80 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 39 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2005–06 | Houston Aeros | AHL | | 64 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 48 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2005–06 | Syracuse Crunch | AHL | | 14 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 14 | | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| 2006–07 | Manitoba Moose | AHL | | 62 | 4 | 12 | 16 | 36 | | 13 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2007–08 | ERC Ingolstadt | DEL | | 53 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 73 | | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| 2008–09 | Kassel Huskies | DEL | | 52 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 78 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2009–10 | Anyang Halla | AL | | 33 | 6 | 14 | 20 | 36 | | 9 | 0 | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2010–11 | Anyang Halla | AL | | 36 | 3 | 9 | 12 | 45 | | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 2011–12 | Coventry Blaze | EIHL | | 51 | 12 | 17 | 29 | 20 | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2012–13 | Arystan Temirtau | KHC | | 54 | 5 | 14 | 19 | 20 | | 13 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 |
| 2013–14 | Anyang Halla | AL | | 42 | 5 | 20 | 25 | 28 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2014–15 | Arystan Temirtau | KHC | | 19 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 10 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2014–15 | Arlan Kokshetau | KHC | | 16 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 8 | | 14 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 12 |
| AHL totals | | | | 301 | 9 | 35 | 44 | 161 | | 19 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 |

## Awards and achievements

* 2009–10 - Asia League (ALH) Champion
* 2010–11 - Asia League (ALH) Champion

## InfoBox

| Dustin Wood | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Born | (1981-05-21) May 21, 1981
Scarborough, Ontario, Canada | | |
| Height | 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) | | |
| Weight | 207 lb (94 kg; 14 st 11 lb) | | |
| Position | Defenceman | | |
| Shot | Left | | |
| Played for | **AHL**
Bridgeport Sound Tigers
Springfield Falcons
Utah Grizzlies
Houston Aeros
Syracuse Crunch
Manitoba Moose
**DEL**
ERC Ingolstadt
Kassel Huskies
**ALH**
Anyang Halla
**EIHL**
Coventry Blaze
**KHC**
Arystan Temirtau
Arlan Kokshetau | | |
| NHL draft | Undrafted | | |
| Playing career | 20022017 | | |


title: Plasmogamy

abstract:
Plasmogamy is a stage in the sexual reproduction of fungi, in which the protoplasm of two parent cells fuse without the fusion of nuclei, effectively bringing two haploid nuclei close together in the same cell. This state is followed by karyogamy, where the two nuclei fuse and then undergo meiosis to produce spores.
The dikaryotic state that comes after plasmogamy will often persist for many generations before the fungi undergoes karyogamy. In lower fungi however, plasmogamy is usually immediately followed by karyogamy. A comparative genomic study indicated the presence of the machinery for plasmogamy, karyogamy and meiosis in the Amoebozoa.

text:
# Plasmogamy

**Plasmogamy** is a stage in the sexual reproduction of fungi, in which the protoplasm of two parent cells (usually from the mycelia) fuse without the fusion of nuclei, effectively bringing two haploid nuclei close together in the same cell. This state is followed by karyogamy, where the two nuclei fuse and then undergo meiosis to produce spores. The dikaryotic state that comes after plasmogamy will often persist for many generations before the fungi undergoes karyogamy. In lower fungi however, plasmogamy is usually immediately followed by karyogamy. A comparative genomic study indicated the presence of the machinery for plasmogamy, karyogamy and meiosis in the Amoebozoa.


title: Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area

abstract: Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area is located near Philippi, West Virginia in Barbour and Taylor counties. Located on 3,030 acres (1,230 ha) land that varies from wetlands to steeply forested woodlands, the Pleasant Creek WMA rises to an elevation of 1,600 feet (490 m).

text:
# Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area

**Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area** is located near Philippi, West Virginia in Barbour and Taylor counties. Located on 3,030 acres (1,230 ha) land that varies from wetlands to steeply forested woodlands, the Pleasant Creek WMA rises to an elevation of 1,600 feet (490 m).

## Hunting and fishing

Hunting opportunities in Pleasant Valley WMA include deer, bear, grouse, squirrel, rabbit, turkey and waterfowl.

Fishing in the 1,750-acre (710 ha) Tygart Lake includes largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, walleye, channel catfish, flathead catfish, crappie, bluegill, white bass, rock bass, bullhead, yellow perch, and carp. In addition, rainbow trout is stocked in the lake tailwaters.

Game fish in Pleasant Creek include rock bass, smallmouth bass, white bass, bluegill, channel catfish, flathead catfish, crappie, muskellunge, sunfish, and walleye.

A boat ramp is available at Tygart Lake. Doe Run Impoundment is limited to electric motors only. Forty (40) rustic camping sites for tents or trailers are available in the WMA.

## Shooting range

As of December 2011, the Pleasant Creek WMA has a 200-yard (180 m) shooting range with 8 covered benches. Shooters are responsible for bringing their own targets and target holders. The range is open year-round to anyone who wishes to use it and is open during all daylight hours Monday through Saturday as well as from 1PM until dusk on Sundays so as not to disturb local religious activities.

## InfoBox

| Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
| Entrance sign for **Pleasant Creek WMA** | |
| Location of Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area in West Virginia | |
| Location | West Virginia, United States |
| Coordinates | 39°15′41″N 80°03′30″W / 39.26139°N 80.05833°W / 39.26139; -80.05833 |
| Area | 3,030 acres (12.3 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,215 ft (370 m) |
| Operator | Wildlife Resources Section, WV Division of Natural Resources |


title: Dwang

abstract: In construction, a dwang Scotland and New Zealand, nogging piece, nogging, noggin or nog England and Australia, or blocking North America, is a horizontal bracing piece used between wall studs to give rigidity to the wall frames of a building. Noggings may be made of timber, steel, or aluminium. If made of timber they are cut slightly longer than the space they fit into and are driven tightly into place or rabbeted into the wall stud. Although noggings between vertical studs brace the studs against buckling in compression they provide no bracing effect in shear, which is resisted by diagonal bracing to stop the frame racking. The interval between noggings is dictated by local building codes and by the type of timber used; a typical timber-framed house in a non-cyclonic area will have two or three noggings per storey between studs. Additional noggings may be added as grounds for later fixings and are supplemented by lintels, sills and jack studs to form openings. Joist bridging, or blocking, is used between floor or ceiling joists, but this is to prevent the joists from rather than to prevent buckling in compression. Herringbone strutting may replace blocking with smaller, timber battens fixed diagonally, in pairs, between joists.

text:
# Dwang

In construction, a **dwang** Scotland and New Zealand, **nogging piece**, **nogging**, **noggin** or **nog** (all derived from brick nog) England and Australia, or **blocking** North America, is a horizontal bracing piece used between wall studs to give rigidity to the wall frames of a building. Noggings may be made of timber, steel, or aluminium. If made of timber they are cut slightly longer than the space they fit into and are driven tightly into place or rabbeted into the wall stud. Although noggings between vertical studs brace the studs against buckling in compression they provide no bracing effect in shear, which is resisted by diagonal bracing to stop the frame racking.

The interval between noggings is dictated by local building codes and by the type of timber used; a typical timber-framed house in a non-cyclonic area will have two or three noggings per storey between studs. Additional noggings may be added as grounds for later fixings and are supplemented by lintels, sills and jack studs to form openings.

Joist bridging, or blocking, is used between floor or ceiling joists, but this is to prevent the joists from (twisting or rotating under load) rather than to prevent buckling in compression. Herringbone strutting may replace blocking with smaller, timber battens fixed diagonally, in pairs, between joists.

1. "Dwang" def. 1. Cryer, Max. *The Godzone dictionary of favourite New Zealand words and phrases*. Auckland \[N.Z.: Exisle Pub., 2006. 62. Print.
2. "Nogging". *Free dictionary*. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
3. Coxhead, Averil; Parkinson, Jean; Mackay, James; McLaughlin, Emma (2019). *English for Vocational Purposes: Language Use in Trades Education*. Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-83216-1.
4. Fleming, Eric. *Construction technology: an illustrated introduction*. Oxford: Blackwell, 2005. 123, 160. Print.
5. Loudon, J. C.. *An encyclopaedia of cottage, farm, and villa architecture and furniture: containing numerous designs for dwellings, from the cottage to the villa, including farm houses, farmeries, and other agricultural buildings, several designs for country inns, public*. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman, 1833. 39. Print.
6. Tolson, Simon (2014). *Dictionary of Construction Terms*. Oxon: Routledge. p. 267. ISBN 978-1-843-11794-0.
7. Marshall, Duncan; Worthing, Derek; Dann, Nigel; Heath, Roger (2013). *The Construction of Houses*. Oxon: Routledge. p. 127. ISBN 978-0-415-53817-6.


title: Plitka poezija

abstract: Plitka poezija is the Serbian punk rock band Pekinška Patka debut album, released in 1980 by Jugoton. The album is the first punk rock album released in Serbia. The album was polled in 1998 as the 77th on the list of 100 greatest Yugoslav rock and pop albums in the book YU 100: najbolji albumi jugoslovenske rok i pop muzike.

text:
# Plitka poezija

***Plitka poezija*** (trans. *Shallow Poetry*) is the Serbian punk rock band Pekinška Patka debut album, released in 1980 by Jugoton. The album is the first punk rock album released in Serbia.

The album was polled in 1998 as the 77th on the list of 100 greatest Yugoslav rock and pop albums in the book *YU 100: najbolji albumi jugoslovenske rok i pop muzike* (*YU 100: The Best albums of Yugoslav pop and rock music*).

## Track listing

All tracks by Nebojša Čonkić and Sreten Kovačević except where noted. All tracks arranged by Pekinška Patka except track 2 (Brooker and Reid, arranged by Čonkić), track 4 (Clarke, Nash, arranged by Čonkić) and track 14 (Addrisi, Addrisi, arranged by Čonkić).

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Poderimo rock" (Let's Tear Rock Apart) | 1:57 |
| 2. | "Homburg" (Procol Harum cover) | 2:13 |
| 3. | "Bolje da nosim kratku kosu" (I Better Wear Short Hair) | 2:30 |
| 4. | "Stop Stop" (The Hollies cover) | 2:10 |
| 5. | "Biti ružan, pametan i mlad" (To Be Ugly, Smart and Young) | 1:59 |
| 6. | "Ori ori" (Plow Plow) | 1:56 |
| 7. | "Skakadak" | 2:16 |
| 8. | "Kratkovidi magarac" (Shortsighted Donkey) | 1:22 |
| 9. | "Bela šljiva" (White Plum) | 1:56 |
| 10. | "Ja sam panker u sakou starom" (I'm a Punk in an Old Coat) | 1:24 |
| 11. | "Kontracepcija" (Contraception) | 1:46 |
| 12. | "Šta je zbližilo nas" (What Made Us Closer) | 1:35 |
| 13. | "Gledaj, ja sam svoj" (Look, I Am My Own) | 2:42 |
| 14. | "Never My Love" (The Addrisi Brothers cover) | 2:12 |
| 15. | "LJubav" (Love) | 2:18 |
| 16. | "Za Yoko Ono" (For Yoko Ono) | 1:59 |

## Personnel

### The band

* Boris Oslovčan "Bora" — bass, backing vocals
* Laslo Pihler "Laci" — drums, backing vocals
* Sreten Kovačević "Srele" — guitar, backing vocals
* Nebojša Čonkić "Čonta" — vocals

### Additional personnel

* Marko Pešić — photography
* Slobodan Konjović — producer, remix
* Ivan Vlatković — sound engineer

## Cover versions

* Serbian punk rock band Atheist Rap, on their 1994 debut album *Maori i Crni Gonzales*, recorded the five-minute track "Plitka poezija", featuring a medley of songs from the album, including "Bela šljiva", "Kratkovidi magarac", "Bolje da nosim kratku kosu", "Biti ružan, pametan i mlad", "Ori, ori" and "Never my love".
* American hardcore punk band The Final Soulutions, on their 7" EP *Return To The Motherland*, recorded cover versions of "Kontracepcija" and "Poderimo rock".

## InfoBox

| Plitka Poezija | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Pekinška Patka | |
| Released | 1980 |
| Recorded | March 1980
*Meta Sound* studio, Novi Sad |
| Genre | Punk rock |
| Length | 32:13 |
| Label | Jugoton
LSY 61526 |
| Producer | Slobodan Konjović |
| Pekinška Patka chronology | |
| ***Plitka Poezija***
(1980) *Strah od monotonije*
(1981) | |


title: Dutch rabbit

abstract: The Dutch rabbit, historically known as Hollander or Brabander, is a breed of domestic rabbit. It is easily identifiable by its characteristic color pattern and was once the most popular of all rabbit breeds. However, after dwarf rabbits were developed, the popularity of the Dutch rabbit declined. Nevertheless, the Dutch rabbit remains one of the top ten most popular breeds worldwide. "Although the name suggests that the Dutch rabbit is from the Netherlands, it was actually developed in England. During the 1830s rabbits were imported to England from Ostend in Belgium every week for the meat market. Amongst these rabbits was a breed known as the Petit Brabançon, as it originated from Brabant in Flanders. The Petit Brabançon may still be found in paintings from the fifteenth century. The Dutch rabbit has its genetic roots in this old breed. The Petit Brabançon would often display Dutch markings, and breeders in England selected those with even markings, fixing those markings into the breed we know today." Dutch are very popular as pets. They are also commonly raised among rabbit exhibitors.

text:
# Dutch rabbit

The **Dutch rabbit**, historically known as **Hollander** or **Brabander**, is a breed of domestic rabbit. It is easily identifiable by its characteristic color pattern and was once the most popular of all rabbit breeds. However, after dwarf rabbits were developed, the popularity of the Dutch rabbit declined. Nevertheless, the Dutch rabbit remains one of the top ten most popular breeds worldwide.

"Although the name suggests that the Dutch rabbit is from the Netherlands, it was actually developed in England. During the 1830s rabbits were imported to England from Ostend in Belgium every week for the meat market. Amongst these rabbits was a breed known as the Petit Brabançon, as it originated from Brabant in Flanders. The Petit Brabançon may still be found in paintings from the fifteenth century. The Dutch rabbit has its genetic roots in this old breed. The Petit Brabançon would often display Dutch markings, and breeders in England selected those with even markings, fixing those markings into the breed we know today."

Dutch are very popular as pets. They are also commonly raised among rabbit exhibitors.

## Appearance

The American Rabbit Breeders Association standard calls for a small to medium rabbit. Dutch are a 4-class breed. Junior bucks and does are those under 6 months of age with a minimum weight of 1.75 lbs (0,793 kg). Seniors are 6 months of age and over, weighing between 3.5 (1,58 kg) and 5.5 lbs (2,48 kg), with 4.5 (2,04 kg) being the ideal weight. Dutch are to have a compact, well-rounded body; rounded head; short, stocky, well-furred ears; and short, glossy "flyback" fur. Nine colors (in conjunction with white) are recognized for show:

**Black**, a dense, glossy black with a slate blue undercolor. Their eyes could come off as dark brown.

**Blue**, a medium blue-gray with a slate blue undercolor. Eyes—blue-gray.

**Chocolate**, a rich chocolate brown with a dove-gray undercolor. Eyes—brown (with a ruby cast).

**Lilac**, (UK: Pale Grey) A uniform, medium dove gray with a delicate pink tint to the surface. Color is to be carried well down the hair shaft to a slightly paler dove gray. Eyes – Blue-gray, ruby cast permissible.

**Chinchilla**, an agouti color with bands of pearl white and black with a slate blue undercolor. The ears must have black lacing. Eyes—brown (preferred).

**Gray**, (UK: Brown Grey) an Agouti color similar to that of the American cottontail, with bands of color on the hairshaft which produce a ring effect when blown into. The bands of color should be a light tan, a thin charcoal band then a darker tan over a slate blue undercolor. Eyes—dark brown.

**Steel**, (UK: Steel Grey) a black color with off-white tips to the hairshaft on some hairs. The undercolor is slate blue. Eyes—dark brown.

**Tortoise**, (UK: Tortoiseshell) a bright, clean orange with slate blue shadings along the ears, whisker beds and hindquarters. the undercolor is dark cream. Eyes—dark brown.

**Golden Yellow**, (UK: Yellow) Bright, rich deep orange carried with a light cream undercolor. Eyes—Brown

The British Rabbit Council recognizes Tri-Coloured Dutch, but they are a separate breed.

Despite its popularity, the Dutch rabbit has not changed much over the years. The most striking aspect of the breed is the marking pattern:

The *blaze* is an even wedge of white running up the rabbit's face. It is shaped by the *cheeks* which are the rounded circles of color on either side of the face. The *neck* marking is a white wedge on the back of the head. The *saddle* is to be a straight line running behind the shoulders and continuing underneath the rabbit to the *undercut* across the belly. The *stops* are located on the rear feet, which should be white from the toes to a point one third the length of the foot.

The American standard allots 50 of the 100 total points to markings, 25 points to general type, 10 points to color, 10 points to fur and 5 to condition.

## Personality

The Dutch Rabbit is in general a calm breed, they are affectionate, love their owners and are easy-going rabbits. They make a good domestic pet, and are easy to train.

## The BRC and UKDRC Standard

**Ears** short and strong, not pointed, and fairly broad at their base. (10 points) (1 point if eyes have pink eye) **Eyes** bold and bright, fairly large. (5 points)

**Blaze** wedged shaped, carrying up to a point between ears.

**Cheeks** as round as possible, and coming as near to the whiskers without touching. Also covering the line of the jawbone. (15 points with Blaze)

Clean **Neck** means free from coloured fur immediately behind the ears. (10 points)

**Saddle** is the junction between the white and coloured fur on the back. This line to continue right round the animal in an even straight line. (10 points)

**Undercut** continuation of the saddle. To be as near up to the front legs as possible without touching them. (10 points)

**Stops** white markings on the hind feet, about 114 inches long, and to cut cleanly round the foot in a similar manner to the saddle and undercut. (15 points)

**Colour** see below for colours. (10 points)

**Shape (type) and Condition** compact, cobby, rounded. Shape also means type. Weight and condition also have a bearing on shape or type. The ideal weight of an Adult Dutch should be 412 to 5 lbs. Hard and firm in flesh. Back well covered with firm flesh. Not baggy in belly. Skin tight, gloss on coat, bright eyes, lively, alert. (15 points)

Classes for young Dutch rabbits are recommended by the UKDRC as being for Dutch rabbits under five months of age.

**Disqualifications:** Wrong coloured eyes (see Colour Standard). Discoloured or wall eyes (pale blue iris), specked eyes (pale blue spots or specks on the iris). Coloured fur on the White part or white patches on the coloured parts. Flesh markings (usually on ears). Trimming (attempts to straighten out irregularities, dyeing white spots on coloured fur etc.). Malocclusion and mutilated teeth.

**Black** \- Deep, solid and carrying well down to the skin, with blue under colour, the deeper the better. Free from white hairs and mealiness or flecking. Eyes dark hazel.

**Blue** \- Deep, solid, slate blue, colour to carry well down to the skin. Blue under colour, the deeper the better. Free from white hairs and flecked or mealy coat. Eyes dark blue.

**Steel Grey** \- Dark steel grey merging to pale slate blue in the undercolour. The whole interspersed with black guard hairs. The medium bright and evenly ticked shade is the one to aim for and the extreme tips of the fur will be tipped with steel blue or grey. The mixture to carry well down the sides, flanks and hind feet. Belly colour will be a lighter shade varying with the top colour. Upper part of the tail to match the body colour; underside to tone with the belly colour. Ears to match body, Eyes deep hazel.

**Brown Grey** \- Slate blue at the base followed by a band of yellowy orange then a black line, finishing by light or nut brown tips to the fur. The whole interspersed by black guard hairs. That is the impression gained when the fur of the brown grey is parted. The general impression should be light or nut brown on ears, cheeks, body, hind feet and top of tail, the whole ticked with black hairs. Belly colour and eye circles (small as possible) bright straw colour. A lighter shade permissible under tail. Eyes hazel, deeper the better.

**Pale Grey** \- Top colour biscuit carrying well down and merging into pale slate at the base, the whole interspersed with black ticking. The general impression should be biscuit tipped with black on ears, cheeks, body and top of tail. Belly colour white with pale slate undercolour. Eye circle white but ideally non-existent or as small as possible. Body colour should be present on hind feet. Underside of tail white. Eyes hazel.

**Tortoiseshell** \- An even shade of orange top colour to carry well down and shading off to a lighter colour to the skin. Ears, belly and under the tail blue-black. Cheeks and hind quarters (flanks) shaded or toned with blue black. Eyes hazel, the deeper the better.

**Chocolate** \- Deep solid dark chocolate, colour carrying well down to the skin. Undercolour to match the top colour as near as possible. The deeper the under colour the better the top will appear. Free from white hairs and mealiness. Eyes hazel, the deeper the better.

**Yellow** \- An even shade of yellow throughout. The exact shade is not so important as that the colour should be even and extend to the belly or undercut and no eye circles. In fact, a self colour free from chinchillation on cheeks and hind feet. Eyes hazel.

**Description of terms used:** Flecking or Mealiness - Individual hairs more than one colour in selfs. e.g. Blacks should be black at the tip of the fur, that colour carrying down the fur as far as possible, then merging into blue. In flecked or mealy exhibits the individual fur would be black, then dark grey, then a deeper shade before merging into blue at the base.

Chinchillation - A mixture of colours ticked with a darker shade, often found on the cheeks of yellows. The steel, pale and brown grey are chinchillated varieties to a certain extent.

The BRC has a separate standard for Tri Coloured Dutch.

## Further reading

* Dean, Warren M. (2016) \[1995\]. *Small Animals Care & Management* (4th ed.). Cengage. p. 279. ISBN 978-1-285-42552-8.


title: Piya Rakhiah Senurwa Ke Laaj

abstract: Piya Rakhiya Senurwa Ke Laaj is a 1987 Bhojpuri film, directed by K. Vinod and produced by V.P Vishwakarma, starring Kunal, Bandini Mishra, Rahul Vishwakarma, Surinder Shinda, Preeti Sapru, with a special appearance by Sanjay Vishwakarma. The film was one of the highest grossing Bhojpuri films during the initial release, and won numerous awards and accolades from the public as well as critics. Piya Rakhiah Senurwa Ke Laaj emerged as the highest grossing Bhojpuri film during that period of time and is hence regarded as a cult classic "Super-Hit" Bhojpuri film.

text:
# Piya Rakhiah Senurwa Ke Laaj

***Piya Rakhiya Senurwa Ke Laaj*** is a 1987 Bhojpuri film, directed by K. Vinod and produced by V.P Vishwakarma, starring Kunal, Bandini Mishra, Rahul Vishwakarma, Surinder Shinda, Preeti Sapru, with a special appearance by Sanjay Vishwakarma. The film was one of the highest grossing Bhojpuri films during the initial release, and won numerous awards and accolades from the public as well as critics. *Piya Rakhiah Senurwa Ke Laaj* emerged as the highest grossing Bhojpuri film during that period of time and is hence regarded as a cult classic "Super-Hit" Bhojpuri film.

## Plot

After completing medical studies, Vijay returns to his village and plans to set up a hospital for the poor. He meets his childhood sweetheart Basanti but her life has taken a turn for the worst. Basanti is a widow living a hard life along with her young brother. Vijay and Basanti both harbor feelings for each other but are afraid to speak about it. Basanti constantly comes under the attack of the village doctor who tries to take advantage of her. The local doctor plays vicious games to ruin Vijay and his brother Ajay, who is in love with his daughter Radha. Vijay sets out to triumph in his love but can he fight a prejudiced society plagued by illiteracy?

## Music

Usha Khanna composed the music for playback of Kartar Ramla, Manpreet Akhtar, Surinder Shinda, Sardool Sikander, Nirmal Sidhu and more. Baljinder Sangila penned the lyrics.

**Track list**

* Piya Rakhiya Senurwa Ke Laaj
* Muzzarfarpur Ke Lichiya

## Cast

* Kunal as "Vijay"
* Rahul Vishwakarma as "Ajay"
* Meera Madhuri as "Basanti"
* Bandini Mishra as "Bindiya"
* Sanjay Vishwakarma (special appearance)

## InfoBox

| Piya Rakhiya Senurwa Ke Laaj | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | K. Vinod |
| Screenplay by | Anil Deepak |
| Story by | K.Vinod |
| Produced by | V.P Vishwakarma
R.N Vishwakarma
Rajni Ranjan |
| Starring | Kunal
Meera Madhuri
Bandini Mishra
Rahul Vishwakarma
Hari Shukla
Ramchandra Vishwakarma
Madhu Mishra
Raju Ranjan Prasad |
| Cinematography | S.K. Sharma |
| Edited by | Harendra Singh |
| Music by | Usha Khanna |
| Production
company | Vishwakarma Entertainment Pvt. Ltd. |
| Release date | * 12 June 1987 (1987-06-12) |
| Running time | 149 min. |
| Country | India |
| Language | Bhojpuri |


abstract: Pleasant Valley is an unincorporated community in Allegany County, Maryland, United States.

text:
# Pleasant Valley, Allegany County, Maryland

**Pleasant Valley** is an unincorporated community in Allegany County, Maryland, United States.

## InfoBox

| Pleasant Valley, Maryland | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Location within the State of MarylandPleasant Valley, Allegany County, Maryland (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 39°42′35″N 78°38′26″W / 39.70972°N 78.64056°W / 39.70972; -78.64056 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maryland |
| County | Allegany |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |


title: Plastics News

abstract: Plastics News is a weekly, 46,000-circulation trade newspaper delivering global news to a primarily North American market. Founded by Crain Communications Inc. in Akron, Ohio, in 1989, it covers the business of the global plastics industry. The publication relocated to Crain's corporate headquarters in Detroit in 2013. Plastics News focuses on commercial, financial, legislative and market-related developments worldwide that affect North American plastic product manufacturers and their suppliers and customers. The publication launched a Web site in 1996. Today it is part of the Crain Global Polymer Group. The group started to take shape after Crain’s purchase in July 2007 of the UK-based polymer publishing assets of Emap Communications Ltd. Plastics News and its sister publications together comprise the world's largest plastics publishing organization. Owned by the privately held Crain Communications Inc., these brands – which include Plastics News, Rubber & Plastics News, Tire Business, Sustainable Plastics, Urethanes Technology International and European Rubber Journal – encompass six print publications, websites, eNewsletters, multiple conferences and some industry award programs. The U.S. publication launched its website in 1996, and today that audited site attracts more than 80,000 unique visitors per month. The company launched its bilingual Plastics News China as a free e-mail newsletter in May 2005, along with a companion Plastics News China website. Both products are offered in English and simplified Chinese. Plastics News organizes several events, including its annual Executive Forum and various business conferences in North America, covering such topics as automotive, medical devices, plastic caps and closures, workforce issues, sustainability, packaging and more. These serve as forums to present new products and ideas and for independent discussion of issues of concern to the industry.

text:
# Plastics News

**Plastics News** is a weekly, 46,000-circulation trade newspaper delivering global news to a primarily North American market. Founded by Crain Communications Inc. in Akron, Ohio, in 1989, it covers the business of the global plastics industry. The publication relocated to Crain's corporate headquarters in Detroit in 2013.

*Plastics News* focuses on commercial, financial, legislative and market-related developments worldwide that affect North American plastic product manufacturers and their suppliers and customers. The publication launched a Web site in 1996.

Today it is part of the Crain Global Polymer Group. The group started to take shape after Crain’s purchase in July 2007 of the UK-based polymer publishing assets of Emap Communications Ltd. Plastics News and its sister publications together comprise the world's largest plastics publishing organization. Owned by the privately held Crain Communications Inc., these brands – which include Plastics News, Rubber & Plastics News, Tire Business, Sustainable Plastics, Urethanes Technology International and European Rubber Journal – encompass six print publications, websites, eNewsletters, multiple conferences and some industry award programs.

The U.S. publication launched its website in 1996, and today that audited site attracts more than 80,000 unique visitors per month. The company launched its bilingual **Plastics News China** as a free e-mail newsletter in May 2005, along with a companion Plastics News China website. Both products are offered in English and simplified Chinese.

Plastics News organizes several events, including its annual Executive Forum and various business conferences in North America, covering such topics as automotive, medical devices, plastic caps and closures, workforce issues, sustainability, packaging and more. These serve as forums to present new products and ideas and for independent discussion of issues of concern to the industry.

PR Newswire

## InfoBox

*Plastics News*
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Editor | Don Loepp |
| Categories | Plastics |
| Frequency | Weekly |
| Total circulation<br>(2011) | 45,293 |
| Founded | 1989 |
| Company | Crain Communications Inc. |
| Country | United States |
| Based in | Detroit, Michigan |
| Language | English |


title: Piz Malmurainza

abstract: Piz Malmurainza is a mountain of the Swiss Samnaun Alps, located north of Tschlin in the canton of Graubünden. It lies between the Muttler and Piz Mundin, on the range separating the main Inn valley from the Samnaun valley.

text:
# Piz Malmurainza

**Piz Malmurainza** (3,038 m) is a mountain of the Swiss Samnaun Alps, located north of Tschlin in the canton of Graubünden. It lies between the Muttler and Piz Mundin, on the range separating the main Inn valley from the Samnaun valley.

## InfoBox

| Piz Malmurainza | |
| --- | --- |
| Piz MalmurainzaLocation in Switzerland | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 3,038 m (9,967 ft) |
| Prominence | 229 m (751 ft) |
| Parent peak | Piz Mundin |
| Coordinates | 46°54′22″N 10°24′26″E / 46.90611°N 10.40722°E / 46.90611; 10.40722 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Graubünden, Switzerland |
| Parent range | Samnaun Alps |


title: Piz Miez

abstract: Piz Miez is a mountain of the Oberhalbstein Alps, located on the border between Italy and Switzerland. It lies west of Lago di Lei, on the chain that culminates at Piz Timun.

text:
# Piz Miez

**Piz Miez** (also known as *Cimalmotta*) is a mountain of the Oberhalbstein Alps, located on the border between Italy and Switzerland. It lies west of Lago di Lei, on the chain that culminates at Piz Timun.

## InfoBox

| Piz Miez | |
| --- | --- |
| Cimalmotta | |
| Piz MiezLocation in the Alps | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,835 m (9,301 ft) |
| Prominence | 61 m (200 ft) |
| Parent peak | Piz dil Crot |
| Coordinates | 46°29′53.3″N 9°26′3.5″E / 46.498139°N 9.434306°E / 46.498139; 9.434306 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Graubünden, Switzerland <br>Lombardy, Italy |
| Parent range | Oberhalbstein Alps |


title: Piz Mezzaun

abstract: Piz Mezzaun is a mountain in the Livigno Range of the Alps, located east of La Punt Chamues-ch in the canton of Graubünden. It lies on the range north of the Chamuera valley.

text:
# Piz Mezzaun

**Piz Mezzaun** (western summit: 2,963 m, eastern summit: 3,000 m) is a mountain in the Livigno Range of the Alps, located east of La Punt Chamues-ch in the canton of Graubünden. It lies on the range north of the Chamuera valley.

## InfoBox

| Piz Mezzaun | |
| --- | --- |
| Piz Mezzaun as seen from the Engadin | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 3,000 m (9,800 ft) |
| Prominence | 216 m (709 ft) |
| Parent peak | Munt Cotschen |
| Coordinates | 46°34′00″N 9°58′46″E / 46.56667°N 9.97944°E / 46.56667; 9.97944 |
| Geography | |
| Piz MezzaunLocation in Switzerland | |
| Location | Graubünden, Switzerland |
| Parent range | Livigno Range |


title: Plejboj

abstract: Plejboj is a Serbian rock band from Belgrade.

text:
# Plejboj

**Plejboj** (Serbian Cyrillic: Плејбој; transliteration for *Playboy*) is a Serbian rock band from Belgrade.

## History

### Formation, rise to prominence (1992-1993)

The band was formed in 1992 by former Euforija and Presing members, bassist Roman Goršek, guitarist Igor Perović and drummer Miladin Radivojević. They were soon joined by saxophonist Dušan Petrović, a former Duh Nibor and Deca Loših Muzičara member. Together they had their first public appearance at the Brzi Bendovi Srbije festival held at the Dom Omladine in Belgrade, where, performing with kitschy clothes, attractive musical style, wigs and on-stage dancers, the band had easily drawn the attention of the public to themselves.

The following year, the band performed as a part of the Trinidad Trip band in the play *Trinidad* (*Trinidad*) which was directed in the BITEF theater by Milutin Petrović. The song "Ja hoću mambo" ("I Want Mambo"), performed with Branka Katić, Slobodan Ninković and Branko Vidaković on vocals, soon became a nationwide hit. The band also wrote music for a part of the *Beogradske priče* (*Belgrade Stories*) play.

### Official releases, breakup (1994-1999)

The debut album, *Sviraj dečko* (*Play, Boy*), released by B92 and DE Production in 1994, the band recorded featuring guest appearances by Veljko Nikolić "Papa Nik", piano on the track "Sve ili ništa" ("All or Nothing") and vibraphone on "Carstvo čula" ("Empire of Sensations"), Marko Milivojević, percussion on the tracks "Grizi metak" ("Bite the Bullet"), "Bela koka" ("White Coca") and "Carstvo čula" ("Empire of Sensations"), and Vlada Lešić, congas on "Plejboj" and percussion on "Carstvo čula". The tracks "Koliko" ("How Much"), "Grizi metak" and "Skidam se" ("I am Stripping") were distinguished as the most prominent. "Sve ili ništa" was also included on the various artists compilation *Radio Utopia (B92: 1989-1994)* released by B92 during the same year.

On early 1995, the band got a new drummer, Goran Milošević, and in the new lineup they performed at the Summertime Jazz and Blues festival at Sava Centar in Belgrade as an opening act for Fishbelly Black, promoting the band's first single "Zajedno" ("Together"), released by B92 and DE Production in 1994, a cover of the Croatian new wave band Film single, which sounds like the AC/DC's 1977 song "Let There Be Rock", and their own song, "Znaj" ("You Should Know") as the B-side. The former was recorded at the Belgrad VI studio and the latter at the O studio, both produced by Dušan Ercegovac. The beginning of the song "Zajedno" featured a similar intro to the Disciplina Kičme version of the song "Čudna šuma" ("Strange Forest"). As guests on the single appeared drummer Srđan Todorović and Deca Loših Muzičara trombonist Borislav Veličković.

The band worked on the *Do koske* (*To the Bone*) movie soundtrack providing it with dynamic instrumental compositions, themes influenced by Latino music and on the soundtrack also appeared a new mix of the song "Grizi metak". The music from the album, recorded at the O studio, was officially released as *Muzika iz filma 'Do koske'*  (*Music from the film 'To the Bone'* ), released by Monte Royal Pictures and produced by Oliver Jovanović. The song "Kokain" ("Cocaine"), which appeared on the soundtrack, featuring the rapper Bane Brujović Grumbowski, appeared on the single "Kokane" by Brujović's band Sunshine, released by Metropolis Records in 1997. The song also appeared on the various artists compilation *Fight The Devil*, released by Multimedia Records in 2007.

From January until March 1997, they had been recording the new studio album at the O studio, eventually released by PGP-RTS and DE Production in 1997. *Overdrive* featured the brass and string sections, recorded by Nice Girls string quartet and Fat Cats trumpet section, and as guest on backing vocals appeared Kazna Za Uši frontman Ivan Đorđević "Ivek" on the track "Superstar" and Mihajlo Krstić appeared on a bass solo on the track "Probaj" ("Try it"). During the same year, Plejboj appeared on the soundtrack and performed in the film *Geto - Tajni život grada* (*Ghetto - A Secret City Life*), however, the soundtrack album was never officially released.

In the meantime, the band appeared on several various artists compilations. The track "Zajedno" appeared on Radio BOOM 93 and B92 compilation *Ovo je zemlja za nas?!?* (*This Is The Land For Us?!?*) and the Radio Index compilation *Nas slušaju svi, mi ne slušamo nikoga!* (*Everybody Listens To Us, We Listen to Nobody*). The band also recorded a cover version of Šarlo Akrobata song "Sad se jasno vidi" ("Now It's Clearly Visible") which appeared on the various artists cover album *Korak napred 2 koraka nazad* (*A Step forward 2 Steps Backwards*). It was the last recording the band had made, as they disbanded during the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia.

### Reunions and reformation (2006, 2007, 2012  present)

In 2006, the band ought to have performed, along with Alice Cooper, as an opening act for the Belgrade concert of the Rolling Stones, however, the concert was canceled and Plejboj performed at the Novi Sad Exit Festival. The following year, in 2007, the band once again reunited to perform at the Jelen Pivo Live festival.

In July 2012, the band reformed, having their first performance at Belgrade Beer Fest. In October of the same year, the band released the comeback single "Nemam vremena" ("I Have No Time"). In February 2013, the band released the single "Daj nešto" ("Give Something"), and in December 2014, the single "Nije lako" ("It's Not Easy"). The video for "Nije lako" featured model Anđelija Vujović.

## Legacy

In 2011, the song "Ko je ko" ("Who Is Who") was polled, by the listeners of Radio 202, one of 60 greatest songs released by PGP-RTB/PGP-RTS during the sixty years of the label's existence.

## Discography

### Studio albums

| Title | Released |
| --- | --- |
| ***Sviraj dečko*** | 1994 |
| ***Muzika iz filma 'Do koske'*** | 1997 |
| ***Overdrive*** | 1997 |
|

### Singles

| Title | Released |
| --- | --- |
| **"Zajedno" / "Znaj"** | 1995 |
| **"Kokane" (with Sunshine)** | 1997 |
| **"Nemam vremena"** | 2012 |
| **"Daj Nesto"** | 2012 |
| **"Nije Lako"** | 2014 |
|

### Other appearances

| Title | Album | Released |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **"Sve ili ništa"** | ***Radio Utopia
(B92: 1989-1994)*** | 1994 |
| **"Zajedno"** | ***Nas slušaju svi,
mi ne slušamo nikoga!*** | 1997 |
| **"Zajedno"** | ***Ovo je zemlja za nas?!?*** | 1997 |
| **"Sad se jasno vidi"** | ***Korak napred
2 koraka nazad*** | 1999 |
| **"Kokane"** | ***Fight The Devil*** | 2007 |
|

## InfoBox

| Plejboj | |
| --- | --- |
| The reunited Plejboj performing live at the 2006 Exit festival in Novi Sad | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | Playboy |
| Origin | Belgrade, Serbia |
| Genres |  |
| Years active | 1992  1999
2012  present
(reunions: 2006, 2007) |
| Labels | B92, DE Production, Monte Royal Pictures, PGP-RTS, Metropolis Records, Radio BOOM 93, Radio Index, Multimedia Records |
|  | |
| Members | Roman Goršek
Igor Perović
Miladin Radivojević
Dušan Petrović
Goran Milošević
Milan Bjedov |


title: Plesiobaris

abstract: Plesiobaris is a genus of flower weevils in the beetle family Curculionidae. There are about seven described species in Plesiobaris.

text:
# Plesiobaris

***Plesiobaris*** is a genus of flower weevils in the beetle family Curculionidae. There are about seven described species in *Plesiobaris*.

## Species

These seven species belong to the genus *Plesiobaris*:

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Plesiobaris* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Curculionidae |
| Tribe: | Baridini |
| Genus: | *Plesiobaris*<br>Casey, 1892 |
|


title: Plesiocathartes

abstract: Plesiocathartes is an extinct genus of birds that lived during the Eocene to Oligocene period. It currently presents 5 species from Europe and North America. It was originally described related to New World vultures, but however recent studies has uncovered that the genus was more closely related to the cuckoo-roller from Madagascar.

text:
# Plesiocathartes

***Plesiocathartes*** is an extinct genus of birds that lived during the Eocene to Oligocene period. It currently presents 5 species from Europe and North America. It was originally described related to New World vultures, but however recent studies has uncovered that the genus was more closely related to the cuckoo-roller from Madagascar.

## Further reading

* R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution 1-698
* J. F. de Villalta. 1963. Las aves fósiles del Mioceno español. Boletin de la Real Socieded Española de Historia Natural 61:263-285
* K. Lambrecht. 1933. Handbuch der Palaeornithologie. 1-1024
* G. Mayr. 2005. The Paleogene fossil record of birds in Europe. Biological Reviews 80:513-542
* G. Mayr and T. Smith. 2019. A diverse bird assemblage from the Ypresian of Belgium furthers knowledge of early Eocene avifaunas of the North Sea Basin. Neus Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen 291(3):253-281

## InfoBox

| *Plesiocathartes*
Temporal range: | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Leptosomiformes |
| Genus: | *Plesiocathartes*
Gaillard, 1908 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Plesiocathartes europaeus*
Gaillard, 1908 | |
| Species | |
|  | |


title: Piz Mitgel

abstract: Piz Mitgel is a mountain in the Albula Range of the Swiss Alps, overlooking Savognin, in the canton of Graubünden. Similarly to its higher neighbor, Corn da Tinizong, it has an almost vertical south face. A via ferrata leads to the summit.

text:
# Piz Mitgel

**Piz Mitgel** is a mountain in the Albula Range of the Swiss Alps, overlooking Savognin, in the canton of Graubünden. Similarly to its higher neighbor, Corn da Tinizong, it has an almost vertical south face. A via ferrata (*Senda Ferrada*) leads to the summit.

## InfoBox

| Piz Mitgel | |
| --- | --- |
| View from Riom-Parsonz (western side) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 3,159 m (10,364 ft) |
| Prominence | 447 m (1,467 ft) |
| Parent peak | Corn da Tinizong |
| Listing | Alpine mountains above 3000 m |
| Coordinates | 46°36′51.3″N 9°38′47.7″E / 46.614250°N 9.646583°E / 46.614250; 9.646583 |
| Geography | |
| Piz MitgelLocation in Switzerland | |
| Location | Graubünden, Switzerland |
| Parent range | Albula Range |


title: Pocho Aztlan

abstract: Pocho Aztlan is the fourth studio album by American extreme metal band Brujeria, released on September 16, 2016 through Nuclear Blast. This is the first full-length studio album by Brujeria since Brujerizmo, marking the longest gap between the band's studio albums. It is also the first release featuring El Cynico, El Sangrón and Cuernito. Pocho Aztlan marks the return of their older grindcore sound from early releases, like Matando Güeros, while maintaining the groove-oriented sound the band explored in Brujerizmo.

text:
# Pocho Aztlan

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Blabbermouth.net* | 9/10 |
| *Decibel* | 8/10 |
| *Exclaim!* | 8/10 |
| *Metal Hammer* |  |

***Pocho Aztlan*** is the fourth studio album by American extreme metal band Brujeria, released on September 16, 2016 through Nuclear Blast. This is the first full-length studio album by Brujeria since *Brujerizmo*, marking the longest gap between the band's studio albums. It is also the first release featuring El Cynico, El Sangrón and Cuernito.

*Pocho Aztlan* marks the return of their older grindcore sound from early releases, like *Matando Güeros*, while maintaining the groove-oriented sound the band explored in *Brujerizmo*.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Brujeria, except where noted

| No. | Title | Lyrics | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Pocho Aztlan" |  | 4:10 |
| 2. | "No Aceptan Imitaciones" (Accept No Imitations) |  | 3:12 |
| 3. | "Profecía del Anticristo" (Antichrist's Prophecy) |  | 4:11 |
| 4. | "Ángel de la Frontera" (Angel of the Border) |  | 3:23 |
| 5. | "Plata o Plomo" (Money or Lead) |  | 4:04 |
| 6. | "Satongo" (portmanteau of "satánico" and "hongo") |  | 3:26 |
| 7. | "Isla de la Fantasía" (Fantasy Island) |  | 2:17 |
| 8. | "Bruja-" (Witch-) |  | 4:09 |
| 9. | "México Campeón" (Mexico Champion) |  | 2:25 |
| 10. | "Culpan la Mujer" (They Blame the Woman) |  | 2:48 |
| 11. | "Códigos" (Codes) |  | 5:35 |
| 12. | "Debilador" |  | 3:21 |
| 13. | "California über Aztlan" | Jello Biafra, adaptation by Brujeria | 3:13 |
| Total length: | | | 46:14 |

## Credits

Brujeria * Juan Brujo (Juan Lepe) – lead vocals (1, 9, 10)
* Pititis (Gabriela Dominguez) – guitars, backing vocals
* Hongo – guitars, songwriting (2, 4–8, 11, 12)
* El Cynico – bass, backing vocals, songwriting (3)
* Fantasma – bass, backing vocals
* Pinche Peach – samples, backing vocals
* Hongo Jr. – drums (1–11)

Additionnel Personnel * Juan Ramón Rufino Ramos – vocals/narration (1)
* El Podrido – drums (12, 13)

Songwriting on "California über Aztlan"

## InfoBox

| Pocho Aztlan | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Brujeria | |
| Released | September 16, 2016 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 46:14 |
| Label | Nuclear Blast |
| Producer | Russ Russell, Eddie Casillas, Ross Gonzalez, Huey Dee |
| Brujeria chronology | |
| *Brujerizmo*
(2000) ***Pocho Aztlan***
(2016) *Esto es Brujeria*
(2023) | |