title: Deyunshe

abstract: Deyunshe, formally Beijing Deyunshe Culture Communication Company Ltd., is a Chinese xiangsheng organization and folk art performance group based in Beijing, established by comedians Zhang Wenshun, Guo Degang and Li Jing in 1995. Originally known as the Beijing Conversation Conference, in 2003 it changed its name to Deyunshe. It is the key to "let the cross talk back to the theatre". On July 3, 2011, Deyunshe inaugurated a new form in the Beizhan Theatre, by using the dialects dramas and comic dialogues to interpret the cross talks of various styles from the Qing dynasty to the Republic of China.

text:
# Deyunshe

**Deyunshe** (Chinese: 德云社), formally **Beijing Deyunshe Culture Communication Company Ltd.**, is a Chinese xiangsheng organization and folk art performance group based in Beijing, established by comedians Zhang Wenshun, Guo Degang and Li Jing in 1995. Originally known as the Beijing Conversation Conference, in 2003 it changed its name to Deyunshe. It is the key to "let the cross talk back to the theatre". On July 3, 2011, Deyunshe inaugurated a new form in the Beizhan Theatre, by using the dialects dramas and comic dialogues to interpret the cross talks of various styles from the Qing dynasty to the Republic of China.

## Xiangsheng

The performance form of Deyunshe is xiangsheng (cross-talk) which is originally meant to stimulate others, but it has been standardised by the form of rhyming techniques such as the vocalisation of the mouth during the Qing Xianfeng and Tongzhi eras in North China.

## History

### Founding

Xiangsheng (Cross talk), which has been one of the most popular Chinese verbal performance art since its emergence during the Qing dynasty. However, in the beginning of 1990s, Xiangsheng began to lose the popularity. Chinese cross-talk art went into a trough, and many comic actors went to the film industry to pan for gold. Performing Xiangsheng does not make money, and it is a laborious and unrewarding profession. An important reason for the decline in crosstalk is that the crosstalk performance on TV, the main media for broadcast crosstalk performance at the time, due to the restriction of the program and the lack of reasonable skills and keen observation of real life for many performers, the cross talk is monotonous. Guo Degang, then in his twenties, believes that cross-talk art needs to return to the theater to survive and develop. Folk art is inextricably linked to the soil of survival and development, and comedians must approach the audience to gain an interaction. On the one hand, Guo organized the Beijing Conversation Conference with the support of a group of “literary generations” of old artists, on the other hand, he began to excavate more than 600 pieces of literary programs that were lost. In order to retrieve the lost audience, Deyunshe presented uncensored performances that approached the real life of the audience and often satirized argumentative and sensitive issues in the small theatre. Guo' Xiangsheng performance that revolve around the subjects of ethics, pornography, and prostitution. This style has drawn criticism from some critics, because of the Su (Vulgarity).

### Maturity

In the fifteen years, from the Workers' Club to the Zhonghe Theatre; from Guangde Building to Tianqiao Le Tea Garden. Guo Degang and Zhang Wenshun, Li Jing, Wang Wenlin, Yu Qian and other actors from the Deyunshe not only created the brand of “Beijing Conversation Conference” with painstaking efforts and sweat, but also cultivated outstanding young actors such as He Yunwei, Cao Yunjin, Liu Yuntian (Liu Yi), Qi Yunping, Kong Yunlong, Yue Yunpeng, Zhang Yunlei, Li Yunjie. Guo Degang's persistence and wisdom in the art of cross talk has also added new hope to the revitalization of comic art. In addition to Xiangsheng shows, Deyunshe has invested in a number of comic TV series and movies, the role of which is principally played by the actors of Deyunshe, in order to sustain and augment the hard-won reputation. On April 15, 2013, Beijing Deyunshe held a reception in Melbourne and officially announced the establishment of the Deyunshe Melbourne Branch. This is the first branch of the Chinese cross-talk society established overseas.

### Temporary shutdown

In 2010, Deyunshe ushered in the biggest crisis since its establishment. On the evening of August 6, 2010, Guo Degang’s disciples beat the reporter’s incident and triggered discussion again. Deyunshe’s statement on the official website stated that it would stop the internal investigation. The following is the Deyunshe statement (with abridged):

"It is decided to suspend the regular performances of all the small theatres (Beijing Deyunshe Theater, Deyunshe Sanlitun Theatre, Zhangyiyuan Tianqiao Teahouse, Guangdelou Theater) from August 9, 2010 (Monday). Check and carry out internal rectification. The specific performance recovery time will be announced separately according to the actual situation."

Many Xiangsheng actors oppose the huge market share of Deyunshe in the Xiangsheng performance industry, they believe that Deyunshe's success has taken away their audience and made their performance despised. They believe that if Deyunshe is defeat, then their show will become very popular. The pressure of Deyun Society was formed under their struggles, and some media began to ban the exhibition of Deyunshe. In addition, the defects of the internal management of Deyun have also surfaced, because of the withdraw of four capable Xiangsheng actors.

### Reopening

In order to solve the problems faced, Deyun took measures from two aspects. First of all, Deyun changed the content of their performances, from some vulgar content to a meaningful performance component, and dealt with some scandals released from Deyun to the society. The second is to establish a modern enterprise management system in Deyun. In other words, Deyun's management improvement from the relationship between mentoring and fraternity is mainly managed by the labor contract employment relationship. In the second decade of the 21st century, the growth of Deyunshe has entered a steady track. It has developed from a commercial performance team to a service company, not only for Xiangsheng performances but also for various business projects.

On the evening of September 12, Deyunshe who had stopped performing self-examination, reopened the door to welcome the audience, Guo Degang led all members of Deyunshe to appear at the Beijing Deyunshe Theater. Up to now, Deyunshe has been in operation for 20 years, and Deyunshe's development has also provided useful experience for commercial crosstalk performance groups.

## Theatres

### Tianqiao theatre

Beijing Deyunshe Theater is located in the birthplace of Beijing-style folk art----Tianqiao. It was built from the Tianle Theatre, which was built in 1933. It has a construction area of nearly 1,000 square meters and can accommodate 300 spectators at the same time. The performances of traditional art comics and drums are performed by Deyunshe.

Tianqiao Theater is divided into five parts: cultural square, lobby, auditorium, stage and actor apartment from east to west. The theatre not only has high-tech stage lighting, sound and stage machinery but also has an automation system, security monitoring and comfort. The theatre auditorium is divided into three levels. There are VIP lounges on the first and second floors and a private lounge on the third floor. The third floor is also equipped with a function room for 50 people. It is suitable for small press conferences and receptions, celebrations, ceremony, etc. Most of the theatre's lighting and audio equipment is made in the United States and Germany, suitable for a variety of performance requirements. The third floor of the theatre is a special restaurant for the performance group, and also provides convenience for celebrations, conferences and receptions. The interior of the theatre is divided into three parts: the front hall, the auditorium and the VIP lounge. The lobby is a lobby with a three-story marble building, and the zenith is made of double-layered glass. The auditorium is divided into three floors, with a total of 1215 soft seats and 719 seats. The second floor is a terrace box with 9 boxes and 159 seats. There are 337 seats on the third floor.

### Zhangyiyuan Tianqiao Teahouse

Zhangyiyuan Tianqiao Teahouse is located in the former site of the old Beijing New World Amusement Park and opposite the Oriental Hotel. The geographical position is superior and the transportation is convenient. The overall style is an antique building with an area of about 500 square meters and can accommodate more than 200 people. The interior is decorated in an antique style with traditional culture. While enjoying tea and leisure here, people can also enjoy Laotianqiao folklore performances such as storytelling, opera, acrobatics and Xiangsheng. Every weekend, Deyunshe will perform Xiangsheng here.

### Sanlitun Theatre

The Sanlitun Theater was formed under the influence of the old Tianqiao. It is located in Sanlitun, opposite the Yaxiu Market, and adjacent to Sanlitun SOHO in the east, with a business area of 6,000 square meters

The first-floor design: the theatre adopts Ming and Qing architectural styles, blue brick paving, surrounded by carved beams and high hanging antique lanterns.

The second-floor design: there are nine private rooms on the second floor. The nine private rooms are designed according to the old Beijing's forty-nine city gates. The blue bricks and slabs on the city gates are designed and built, and the eaves are explored. Nine gates corresponding to nine private rooms, each representing different meanings.

## Works

Deyunshe's Xiangsheng works are based on sensitive and controversial social issues, such as cruel competition in the job market, rising unemployment and intellectual property. The following are several masterpieces of Deyunshe:

### Wo Shi Hei She Hui

"Wo Shi Hei She Hui" is one of the representative works of the "I" series of the cross talk series of Deyunhse. In the performance, Guo Degang shaped himself into a small person, and all kinds of unreliable things happened to him and he organised a team of laid-off workers and disabled people to perform this work. This work reflects gang violence and crime in society.

### Wo Yao Nao Fei Wen

This work reflects piracy and intellectual property infringement in contemporary Chinese academic and cultural circles.

### Wo Yao Shang Chun Wan

In this work, the performer Guo Degang exposed the increasingly exacerbate employment situation and "hidden rules" in the entertainment industry. The actors commented on the fierce competition in the Chinese job market through comedy

## Main members

### Key actors

### Performance team 1

Loan Yunping (Captain), Gao Feng, Deng Deyong, Zhai Guoqiang, Liu Hechun, Guan Hebai, Wang Haoyue, Li Haoyang, Gao Xiaobei, Hou Xiaolou, Lang Haochen, Zhang Jiulin, Han Jiuming, Wang Bihui

### Performance Team 2

Li Hedong (Captain), Xie Jin, Jin Helan, Zhu Hesong, Shang Xiaoju, Sun Zizhao, Sun Hebao, Zhang Jinshan, Chen Jiufu, Wu Hechen, Zhang Hejian, Zheng Jiulian, Zhang Shaowei, Kong Zhijie

### Performance Team 3

Kong Yunlong (Captain), Li Yunjie, Tao Yunsheng, Yu Xiaohuai, Zheng Hao, Ni Jiutao, Liu Heqing, Li Xiaoqiao, Yu Hezhen, Chen Xiaohua, Zhang Hejun, Wang Lei, Xu Guang, Zhao Nan, Wang Xiaoge

### Performance Team 4

Yan Hexiang (Captain), Guo Qilin, Feng Zhaoyang, Yang Hetong, Li Yuntian, Shi Aidong, Yang Heling, Zhang Xiaoting, Wang Xiaoyi, Chen Jiuping, Zhao Yunxia, Wu Xiaoze, Liu Helong, Fan Xiaoqi, Zhang Hewen, Zhuang Zijian

### Performance Team 5

Zhu Yunfeng (Captain), Cao Heyang, Zhang Jiuling, Wang Jiulong, Liu Jiuru, Lv Shuo, Liu Chunshan, Liu Zhe, Yang Xiaoze, Xiao Xiaoyu, Zhang Xiaomo, Liu Xiaohang, Dong Xiaoyuan, Yang Xiaotai, Ding Kaigang, Li Hongyi, Ma Xiaosheng, Gao Lei, Liu Jiusi, Zhang Heqing, Liu Hean

### Performance Team 6

Zhang Helun (Captain), Lang Heyan, Zhang Jiunan, Gao Jiucheng, Li Hebiao, Li Jiujiang, Guan Jiuhai, Zhang Xiaobai, Cao Jiutai, Chen Fengqing, Li Jiuchong, Li Xiaokui, Fan Xiaotang, Zhang Boshuai, Zhang Yuhang, Chang Long, Ge Xiaoqing

### Performance Team 7

Meng Hetang (Captain), Zhou Jiuliang, Qin Xiaoxian, He Jiuhua, Liu Xiaoting, Zhang Jiutai, Sun Jiufang, Ma Xiaorong, Shang Jiuxi, Guo Xiaohan, Song Haoran, Sun Jiuxiang, Xiao Long, Ji Xiaotong, Qu Qu, Jin Xu

### Performance Team 8

Zhang Yunlei (Captain), Yang Jiulang, Zhang Hefan, Li Siming, Ji Hewu, Wang Hejiang, Guo Gai, Guo Di, Li Jiuchun, Han Hexiao, Gao Hepeng, Sun Xiaoyao, Dong Jiuli, Li Jiutian, Li Helin, Liang Hekun, Dong Jiuhan

### Performance Team 9

Zhang Jiuling (Captain), Wang Jiulong,

## InfoBox

Deyunshe
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Entertainment |
| Founder | Guo Degang, Zhang Wenshun, Li Jing |
| Headquarters | Beijing, China |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people | Guo Degang, Yu Qian |
| Members | 117 |


title: Benjamin Matthias Adams

abstract: Benjamin Matthias Adams was a United States Methodist minister.

text:
# Benjamin Matthias Adams

**Benjamin Matthias Adams** (born Stamford, Connecticut, 1824; died Bethel, Connecticut, 27 December 1902) was a United States Methodist minister.

## Biography

He was the son of General Adams, and his mother was a daughter of the Rev. John B. Matthias. He was educated in a private school in which William Miner, afterward governor of Connecticut, taught. After considerable mental struggle he entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church and joined the New York Conference in 1848, in which he labored for 17 years. He was then transferred to the New York East Conference.

He was a close observer of the habits of birds and nature and lectured on “Fun in Animals”. He was a member of the general conference of 1884. He was a personal friend of the Warner sisters. A letter which he wrote to Anna Warner contained a passage which led her to compose the widely known hymn, “One more day's work for Jesus.” His ministry, spent in and around New York and Brooklyn, was noteworthy.

* Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Adams, Benjamin Matthias". *Encyclopedia Americana*.


# Results of the 1971 Western Australian state election (Legislative Council)

| Western Australian state election, 20 February 1971
Legislative Council
 | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Enrolled voters | | 537,122 |  |  | | |
| Votes cast | | 489,911 |  | Turnout | 91.21% | –1.08% |
| Informal votes | | 25,084 |  | Informal | 5.12% | +0.63% |
| Summary of votes by party | | | | | | |
| Party | | Primary votes | % | Swing | Seats
won | Seats
held |
|  | Labor | 217,465 | 46.78% | +0.12% | 4 | 10 |
|  | Liberal | 127,191 | 27.36% | –9.64% | 9 | 13 |
|  | Country | 25,035 | 5.39% | –6.19% | 2 | 7 |
|  | Democratic Labor | 67,891 | 14.61% | +12.17% | 0 | 0 |
|  | United Farmers | 5,782 | 1.24% | +1.24% | 0 | 0 |
|  | Independent | 21,463 | 4.62% | +2.26% | 0 | 0 |
| Total | | 464,827 |  |  | 15 | 30 |

This is a list of electoral region results for the Western Australian Legislative Council in the 1971 Western Australian state election.

## Results by Electoral province

### Central

1971 Western Australian state election: Central Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Country | Norm Baxter | 6,089 | 36.8 | -63.2 |
|  | Labor | Colin Paterson | 5,036 | 30.5 | +30.5 |
|  | Liberal | Mervyn Cornish | 3,066 | 18.5 | +18.5 |
|  | United Farmers | Frederick Keast | 1,510 | 9.1 | +9.1 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Jeoffry Carton | 838 | 5.1 | +5.1 |
| Total formal votes | | | 16,539 | 94.4 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 981 | 5.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 17,520 | 87.5 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Country | Norm Baxter | 10,044 | 60.7 | -39.3 |
|  | Labor | Colin Paterson | 6,495 | 39.3 | +39.3 |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### Lower Central

1971 Western Australian state election: Lower Central Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Ross Field | 6,477 | 39.6 | +12.1 |
|  | Country | Thomas Perry | 5,159 | 31.5 | -41.0 |
|  | Liberal | Byron Hardie | 1,948 | 11.9 | +11.9 |
|  | Democratic Labor | George Blake | 967 | 5.9 | +5.9 |
|  | United Farmers | Leon Day | 884 | 5.4 | +5.4 |
|  | Independent | Murray Ward | 584 | 3.6 | +3.6 |
|  | Independent | Samuel Crook | 337 | 2.1 | +2.1 |
| Total formal votes | | | 16,356 | 93.5 | −2.9 |
| Informal votes | | | 1,134 | 6.5 | +2.9 |
| Turnout | | | 17,490 | 94.3 | +0.7 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Country | Thomas Perry | 8,239 | 50.4 | -22.1 |
|  | Labor | Ross Field | 8,117 | 49.6 | +22.1 |
|  | Country **hold** | | **Swing** | -22.1 |  |

### Lower North

1971 Western Australian state election: Lower North Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Stan Dellar | 1,929 | 47.4 | +0.9 |
|  | Liberal | George Brand | 1,839 | 45.2 | -4.0 |
|  | Democratic Labor | George Jensen | 298 | 7.3 | +3.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 4,066 | 95.7 | −1.0 |
| Informal votes | | | 183 | 4.3 | +1.0 |
| Turnout | | | 4,249 | 82.9 | +1.5 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Labor | Stan Dellar | 2,035 | 50.1 | +1.1 |
|  | Liberal | George Brand | 2,031 | 49.9 | -1.1 |
|  | Labor **gain** from Liberal | | **Swing** | +1.1 |  |

### Lower West

1971 Western Australian state election: Lower West Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | John Dawkins | 9,704 | 48.1 | +48.1 |
|  | Liberal | Neil McNeill | 9,071 | 44.9 | -55.1 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Robert Burns | 1,418 | 7.0 | +7.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 20,193 | 95.9 | +0.2 |
| Informal votes | | | 865 | 4.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 21,058 | 93.5 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Neil McNeill | 10,184 | 50.4 | -49.6 |
|  | Labor | John Dawkins | 10,009 | 49.6 | +49.6 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### Metropolitan

1971 Western Australian state election: Metropolitan Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | John Williams | 25,258 | 45.3 | -54.7 |
|  | Labor | Garry Kelly | 19,470 | 35.0 | +35.0 |
|  | Independent | William Marks | 5,689 | 10.2 | +10.2 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Peter McGowan | 5,281 | 9.5 | +9.5 |
| Total formal votes | | | 55,698 | 95.4 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 2,706 | 4.6 |  |
| Turnout | | | 58,404 | 88.6 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | John Williams | 32,601 | 58.5 | -41.5 |
|  | Labor | Garry Kelly | 23,097 | 41.5 | +41.5 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### North

1971 Western Australian state election: North Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Bill Withers | 2,783 | 44.7 | -55.3 |
|  | Labor | Robert Archer | 2,744 | 44.1 | +44.1 |
|  | Democratic Labor | George Gaunt | 697 | 11.2 | +11.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 6,224 | 94.3 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 374 | 5.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 6,598 | 78.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Bill Withers | 3,328 | 53.5 | -46.5 |
|  | Labor | Robert Archer | 2,896 | 46.5 | +46.5 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### North Metropolitan

1971 Western Australian state election: North Metropolitan Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Gilbert Currie | 32,126 | 45.9 | -4.5 |
|  | Liberal | Arthur Griffith | 29,694 | 42.4 | -7.2 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Adrian Briffa | 8,239 | 11.8 | +11.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 70,059 | 95.7 | +0.2 |
| Informal votes | | | 3,138 | 4.3 | −0.2 |
| Turnout | | | 73,197 | 91.6 | −0.7 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Arthur Griffith | 36,791 | 52.5 | +2.9 |
|  | Labor | Gilbert Currie | 33,268 | 47.5 | -2.9 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +2.9 |  |

### North-East Metropolitan

1971 Western Australian state election: North-East Metropolitan Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Lyla Elliott | 43,865 | 66.8 | -33.2 |
|  | Liberal | Walter Staniforth | 21,839 | 33.2 | +33.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 65,704 | 93.6 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 4,519 | 6.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 70,223 | 91.4 |  |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### South

1971 Western Australian state election: South Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Sydney Hatfield | 6,757 | 33.9 | +33.9 |
|  | Liberal | David Wordsworth | 6,095 | 30.6 | -69.4 |
|  | Country | Marshall Hood | 4,554 | 22.9 | +22.9 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Brian Burns | 1,285 | 6.5 | +6.5 |
|  | United Farmers | Thomas Oakey | 1,233 | 6.2 | +6.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 19,924 | 95.0 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,050 | 5.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 20,974 | 93.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | David Wordsworth | 11,429 | 57.4 | -42.6 |
|  | Labor | Sydney Hatfield | 8,495 | 42.6 | +42.6 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### South Metropolitan

1971 Western Australian state election: South Metropolitan Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Des Dans | 28,878 | 52.8 | -6.2 |
|  | Independent | Shirley de la Hunty | 13,887 | 25.4 | +25.4 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Yvonne Van Wees | 11,897 | 21.8 | +21.8 |
| Total formal votes | | | 54,662 | 94.9 | −0.6 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,946 | 5.1 | +0.6 |
| Turnout | | | 57,608 | 92.1 | −0.4 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

* Preferences were not distributed.

### South East Province

1971 Western Australian state election: South-East Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Ron Leeson | 11,540 | 66.0 | -34.0 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Leo McGuire | 5,704 | 34.0 | +34.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 17,244 | 93.8 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,147 | 6.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 18,391 | 89.7 |  |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### South-East Metropolitan

1971 Western Australian state election: South-East Metropolitan Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Donald Bennewith | 24,755 | 45.0 | -2.0 |
|  | Liberal | Clive Griffiths | 23,749 | 43.2 | -0.2 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Alan Crofts | 6,457 | 11.8 | +2.2 |
| Total formal votes | | | 54,961 | 95.6 | −0.2 |
| Informal votes | | | 2,553 | 4.4 | +0.2 |
| Turnout | | | 57,514 | 91.2 | −0.4 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Clive Griffiths | 29,264 | 53.2 | +5.4 |
|  | Labor | Donald Bennewith | 25,697 | 46.8 | -5.4 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | +5.4 |  |

### South West

1971 Western Australian state election: South-West Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | George Smart | 6,531 | 38.2 | +38.2 |
|  | Liberal | Vic Ferry | 5,954 | 34.8 | -65.2 |
|  | Country | Keith Nix | 2,481 | 14.5 | +14.5 |
|  | United Farmers | Rex Newbold | 1,148 | 6.7 | +6.7 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Leslie Ramsay | 788 | 4.6 | +4.6 |
|  | Independent | Doris Callow | 187 | 1.1 | +1.1 |
| Total formal votes | | | 17,089 | 94.2 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,050 | 5.8 |  |
| Turnout | | | 18,139 | 93.4 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Vic Ferry | 8,586 | 50.2 | -49.8 |
|  | Labor | George Smart | 8,503 | 49.8 | +49.8 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### Upper West

1971 Western Australian state election: Upper West Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Liberal | Jack Heitman | 7,268 | 37.0 | +37.0 |
|  | Labor | Jeff Carr | 6,176 | 31.4 | +31.4 |
|  | Country | Ronald Elphick | 3,386 | 17.2 | -82.8 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Daniel Carney | 1,038 | 5.3 | +5.3 |
|  | United Farmers | John Norris | 1,007 | 5.1 | +5.1 |
|  | Independent | John Walton | 779 | 4.0 | +4.0 |
| Total formal votes | | | 19,654 | 94.0 |  |
| Informal votes | | | 1,245 | 6.0 |  |
| Turnout | | | 20,899 | 92.3 |  |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Jack Heitman | 11,791 | 60.0 | +60.0 |
|  | Labor | Jeff Carr | 7,863 | 40.0 | +40.0 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

### West Province

1971 Western Australian state election: West Province
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Clifford Hunt | 11,477 | 43.4 | -0.3 |
|  | Liberal | Charles Abbey | 10,466 | 39.6 | +39.6 |
|  | Country | George Spriggs | 3,366 | 12.7 | -43.6 |
|  | Democratic Labor | Johannes Jutte | 1,145 | 4.3 | +4.3 |
| Total formal votes | | | 26,454 | 95.5 | +1.8 |
| Informal votes | | | 1,193 | 4.5 | −1.8 |
| Turnout | | | 27,647 | 91.4 | −3.4 |
| Two-party-preferred result | | | | | |
|  | Liberal | Charles Abbey | 14,055 | 53.1 | +53.1 |
|  | Labor | Clifford Hunt | 12,399 | 46.9 | +3.2 |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |


title: Battle of the Systems

abstract: The Battle of the Systems was a controversy over the most effective system of exercise and calisthenics that spanned from the 1830s to the early 1920s, consisted of different systems of exercise mostly in a gymnastic or calisthenic-type format. It raged in the United States as states mandated physical education systems.

text:
# Battle of the Systems

The **Battle of the Systems** was a controversy over the most effective system of exercise and calisthenics that spanned from the 1830s to the early 1920s, consisted of different systems of exercise mostly in a gymnastic or calisthenic-type format. It raged in the United States as states mandated physical education systems.

## Systems

### German gymnastics

Started by Johann Guts Muth and Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, used large fixed apparatus, vaulting and marching. Jahn felt that physical conditioning was essential for a strong nation. The German system had a "militaristic" view of fitness, with a very strict, formal style of physical training: Jahn's purpose in promoting what he called the Turnverein movement was to mold the German youth into strong citizens. It was introduced to America by Charles Beck, a German immigrant. Although they were based on the ideas and work of Friedrich Jahn, the American system was less nationalistic.

### Swedish gymnastics

Sometimes called the "Swedish Movement Cure," founded by Pehr Henrik Ling, was a health-oriented approach and recognized for inherent medical values. The Swedish "light gymnastics" used no apparatus, consisting of calisthenics and exercises. It was freer and less rigid than the German system. The Swedish system was made popular in America from the 1880s under Hartvig Nissen and Nils Posse.

### Delsarte system

A French system created by François Delsarte in the 1890s. His system, based on the belief that certain exercises contributed more to poise, grace, beauty and health, and were therefore more beneficial in improving performances in singing, drama and dance, gained popularity in dance and theatre as well as physical education, though in the latter its popularity was limited and short-lived.

### Sargent system

Founded by Dudley Allen Sargent in the 1800s, it was a system of gymnastics based on both the German and Swedish systems. Sargent constructed many types of apparatus to be used in his program and also experimented in anthropometric measurements. This eclectic system required a thorough medical examination as a basic preliminary to any physical activity.

## Outcome

There was no winner proclaimed because popularity varied from region to region and as one would gain a strong foothold, another system would grow in popularity. The public would shift with the latest trend. These systems would all but vanish as science and research would reveal the truth in promoters' claims.


title: Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)

abstract: The Battle of Bạch Đằng was the last major engagement during Mongol campaigns against Dai Viet and Champa, one of the greatest victories in Vietnamese military history. It was a naval battle between Đại Việt, commanded by Commander-in-Chief Prince Trần Quốc Tuấn, and the invading army of the Yuan dynasty, commanded by Admirals Omar and Fan Yi on the Bạch Đằng River, which Prince Hưng Đạo perfectly staged an ambush that destroyed the Yuan fleet, capturing its general, ending Kublai’s intention to conquer Dai Viet and Champa. The battle took place at the Bạch Đằng River, near Ha Long Bay in present-day northern Vietnam. The battle was a tactical masterpiece of the same stature as a previous battle of Bạch Đằng that occurred in 938.

text:
# Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)

The **Battle of Bạch Đằng** was the last major engagement during Mongol campaigns against Dai Viet and Champa, one of the greatest victories in Vietnamese military history. It was a naval battle between Đại Việt, commanded by Commander-in-Chief Prince Trần Quốc Tuấn (Prince Hưng Đạo), and the invading army of the Yuan dynasty, commanded by Admirals Omar and Fan Yi on the Bạch Đằng River (today Quảng Ninh province), which Prince Hưng Đạo perfectly staged an ambush that destroyed the Yuan fleet, capturing its general, ending Kublai’s intention to conquer Dai Viet and Champa. The battle took place at the Bạch Đằng River, near Ha Long Bay in present-day northern Vietnam. The battle was a tactical masterpiece of the same stature as a previous battle of Bạch Đằng that occurred in 938.

## Background

Omar bin Nars al-Din 'Umar al-Bukhari, son of Mongol appointed Khwarezmian governor of Yunnan Nasr al-Din, was a highly reputed and skillful naval commander of the Mongol Yuan army during Kublai's conquest of the Song dynasty, in which he commanded the leading fleet to assist Zhang Hongfan's fleet pursuing the Song fleet from Guanzhou to Guangzhou in 1278, and repulsed a Song counterattack on Guangzhou in July. In March 1284 he and Qutuq (Mongol commander in a battle against the Burmese in 1277) had been accompanied to lead some 20,000 troops to join Sogetu against Champa, but he eventually went north to assist prince Toghon in the Yuan invasion of Dai Viet in early 1285, where he and the Tangut prince Li Heng used captured warships and drove the Vietnamese king Tran Nhan Tong to the sea in March. In April, Omar's fleet again battled the king of Dai Viet and prince Trần Quốc Tuấn's (uncle of reigning king Nhan Tong) fleet in the coast of Haiphong, nearly succeeded in capturing the king. However, as the Yuan forces were about to be disassembled due to running low on food supplies, Toghon ordered a retreat in June. Yuan forces, getting panicked while en route of retreat, and Toghon failed to inform Sogetu and Omar to withdraw. Sogetu was killed in battle soon after while Omar and his companion Liu Gui were successfully escaping to the beach, found a small boat, and sailed back to China.

In the third invasion in late 1287, some 100,000–170,000 Yuan soldiers were divided into two armies: land forces commanded by prince Toqon, and Omar was put in charge of commanding the naval forces along with Fan Yi and Mahmud, consisting of 18,000 soldiers, tens of thousand sailors, 70 transports, and 500 warships. From Qinzhou on 17 December, they sailed to Van Kiep through the Bach Dang River (the second most important distributary of the Red River), where they would meet and regroup with Toghon's forces there in January 1288. They assaulted, drove the king to the sea, and captured the Viet capital Thang Long (Hanoi) on 3 February, but found no grain left to resupply. Toghon then ordered his generals to sweep the Red River Delta, pillaging crops and gathering rice. The Yuan army was large, unsustainable, and was waiting for the supply fleet, commanded by Zhang Wenhu, slowly sailing toward Dai Viet. But unbeknownst to Toghon, in late January, prince Hưng Đạo and Prince Trần Khánh Dư with 30 warships, awaiting Zhang's fleet on the Van Don isle, and when the supply fleet passed by, the Vietnamese attacked, inflicted substantial amounts of damage on Zhang's supply fleet, and forced him to turn back to Hainan Island. Other Zhang's supply ships were blown off or drifted away by strong northeast monsoon winds. When the king of Dai Viet heard the news, he said: What the Yuan forces need most of all is food. They may not have heard of the defeat of their transport fleet and maybe planning further offensive action." With logistic superiors were stripped away, the large Yuan army now stranded and began starving. On 5 March Toghon left Hanoi back to the Yuan base of Van Kiep, and 25 days later he decided to withdraw the army back to China, as food supplies ran low and the situation worsened. Prince Toghon withdrew by land, and then boarded a large warship for himself.

Hearing the news, Prince Hưng Đạo was now about to launch a counterattack. The Vietnamese had destroyed bridges, roads and created traps along the retreating Yuan route. They were pursuing Toghon's forces to Lạng Sơn, where Toghon was forced to abandon his ship and was escorted to the China border by his few remaining troops through the forests. Most of Toghon's land force were killed or captured. Meanwhile, the Yuan fleet commanded by Omar and Fan Yi retreated through the Bạch Đằng river, the same route previously where they entered Dai Viet.

## Plan

The Bạch Đằng River ran through Yen Hung district (in Quảng Ninh province) and Thuy Nguyen (in Hai Phong) before reaching the sea. This was where the earlier well-known battle of Ngô Quyền against the Southern Han had taken place in 938. Beginning from March, Trần Hưng Đạo began preparing the battlefield. He used the same tactic that Ngô Quyền had against the Chinese in 938. He studied the tidal lore, and ordered beds of stakes to be planted under the water and arranged ambushes in a unified plan of campaign.

Trần Hưng Đạo ordered his soldiers to nail the iron-headed poles under the waters of the Chanh, Kênh and Rút rivers. All three rivers are the northern distributaries of the Bach Dang River. Ghềnh Cốc is a reef located across the Bach Dang to the bottom of Chanh river and to the top of Kênh river. Ghềnh Cốc was used as a place for the ambush, in collaboration with the underwater iron-headed poles. They were to block the enemy ships when the tide withdrew. Đại Việt's small flotilla secretly stationed themselves behind Ghềnh Cốc, Ðồng Cốc, Phong Cốc and on the Khoái, Thái, Gia Ðước, and Ðiền Công rivers. The army deployed in Hung Yen, along the left bank of the river Bach Dang and Tràng Kênh, at the right bank of Bach Dang River and Mount Ðá Vôi.

## Battle

In the early morning of 9 April, the naval fleet led by Omar, and escorted by infantry, fled home along the Bạch Đằng river. They entered Hưng Đạo's trap when it was high tide. A small fleet of Vietnamese junks sailed unopposed and attacked the Yuan fleet, then retreated. Then the tide receded, with the Yuan fleet pursuing and battling the Vietnamese junks, revealing wooden stakes that had been planted into the river bed. With the Yuan fleet stuck in the trap, the Vietnamese junks returned and destroyed the immobilized Yuan warships. Thousands of Yuan troops jumped into the river and were killed or drowned. Fan Yi, seeing Omar's fleet being destroyed, and his commanding fleet surrounded by Vietnamese small junks, tried to escape. Fan Yi jumped into the river, but was killed by the Vietnamese. The battle lasted from sunrise to sundown and the Vietnamese captured 400 Yuan warships.

The Yuan fleet was totally destroyed, and Omar was captured by the Vietnamese.

## Aftermath

Upon receiving news of the Mongol defeat, Kublai angrily banished Toghon to Yangzhou for life. The Mongols and the Vietnamese agreed to exchange their war prisoners. While King Trần Nhân Tông was willing to pay tribute to the Yuan, relations again foundered on the question of attendance at the Yuan court and hostile relations continued. In 1289, King Nhân Tông agreed to send back his prisoner Omar, but Prince Hưng Đạo, who opposed this gesture, contrived to have the ship transporting Omar back to sink at sea.

King Trần Nhân Tông eventually decided to accept the supremacy of the Yuan dynasty in order to avoid further conflicts. Because he refused to come in person, Kublai detained his envoy, Đào Từ Kí, in 1293. Kublai's successor Temür Khan (r. 1294–1307), finally released all detained envoys, settling instead for a nominate tributary relationship, which continued until the end of the Yuan dynasty.

Upon the victory of the Vietnamese, a series of celebrations broke out over the news. The Mongols' failure brought surrounding minor Asian states more confidence on their own wars against the Mongols. The Mongols' defeat also crushed the Mongols' ambitions to conquer all of Southeast Asia. It was known as one of Vietnam's greatest victories in its military history.

## Legacy

The battle is well recited in Vietnamese tradition and literature. The Emperor Trần Minh Tông (1300-1357) wrote the poem *Bạch Đằng River* while visiting the site of the battle.

The Trần dynasty mandarin and scholar Phạm Sư Mạnh (1300-1384) also wrote a poem depicting the battle:

The Lê dynasty scholar Nguyễn Trãi (1380-1442) also wrote the poem *Bạch Đằng hải khẩu* (白藤海口) while visiting the place.

*Bạch Đằng River* was also the name of a patriotic song written by Lưu Hữu Phước during the 1940s.

## Sources

* Karnow, Stanley (1983), *Vietnam: A History*, New York: Penguin Books, ISBN 0-14-007324-8
* Elleman, Bruce A. (2012), *China as a Sea Power, 1127-1368: A Preliminary Survey of the Maritime Expansion and Naval Exploits of the Chinese People During the Southern Song and Yuan Periods*, U.S. Naval War College: NUS Press, ISBN 9789971695057

## InfoBox

| Battle of Bạch Đằng | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of the Mongol invasions of Vietnam | |
|  | |
| Date 9 April 1288  Location Bạch Đằng River, Quảng Ninh
20°56′13″N 106°37′44″E / 20.937°N 106.629°E / 20.937; 106.629  Result  Vietnamese victory | |
| Belligerents | |
| Đại Việt | Yuan dynasty |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Trần Hưng Đạo
Trần Khánh Dư | Omar (POW)
Fan Yi |
| Strength | |
| Vietnamese Sources: 50,000 | 94,000
500 ships |
| Casualties and losses | |
| 4,000–4,500 killed | 80,000 killed or captured
400 ships sunk or captured |


title: Rex Pickett

abstract: Rex Pickett is an American novelist and filmmaker best known for his novel Sideways, which was adapted into a 2004 movie of the same name directed by Alexander Payne.

text:
# Rex Pickett

**Rex Pickett** (born July 9, 1952) is an American novelist and filmmaker best known for his novel *Sideways*, which was adapted into a 2004 movie of the same name directed by Alexander Payne.

## Career

### Education and early career

Pickett was born at Castle Air Force Base in Merced, California, and grew up in San Diego. He attended the University of California, San Diego where he was a Special Projects major, specializing in contemporary literary and film criticism and creative writing. He graduated *summa cum laude*, then moved to Los Angeles to attend the graduate program at USC School of Cinematic Arts. He dropped out in the early 1980s and, with his then-wife, Barbara Schock, wrote and directed two independent feature films, *California Without End* and *From Hollywood to Deadwood*. *California Without End* was sold to Bavarian Radio Television, a German television station, and *From Hollywood to Deadwood* to Island Pictures.

Pickett returned to writing, landing a job as a writer on David Fincher's first feature, *Alien 3*. In 1998 he wrote the screenplay for *My Mother Dreams the Satan's Disciples in New York,* which went on to win the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short in 1999.

### Novels and *Sideways*

In 1995, Pickett began writing novels. His first, a mystery titled *La Purisima*, didn't sell. His second was *Sideways*. Completed in 1999, the novel was submitted to both publishers and film production companies. After 18 rejection letters from publishers, Pickett's agent pulled it from submission. Film production companies also passed. In late 1999, nearly a year after it had been written, one of the submissions by Pickett's agent, Jess Taylor, at Endeavor, went to Alexander Payne's agent, David Lonner at the same agency. Payne's assistant, Brian Beery, read it then passed it to Payne who immediately optioned it. Shortly after Payne optioned *Sideways* it was greenlit by Artisan Entertainment. Emboldened by front page *Daily Variety* and *Hollywood Reporter* news about the Artisan greenlight, Pickett's agent at Curtis Brown went back out to publishers in a mass submission but it was again rejected. Eventually, Payne would put *Sideways* on hold and go off to make *About Schmidt*.

In early 2003, Payne, fresh from the success of *About Schmidt*, returned his attention to *Sideways*. The project was greenlit by Fox Searchlight, who gained control of it from Artisan in July 2003 and a start date announced for late September. After more than 100 rejection letters, Pickett's new agent at Trident Media Group went back out with his still unpublished novel and ended up selling it in a fire sale to St. Martin's Press for $5,000. It was published in June 2004, four months before the film was released.

*Sideways* the film was released on October 22, 2004. It went on to win over 350 awards from various critics and awards organizations, including 6 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards, 5 New York Film Critics Circle Awards, 5 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards, 6 Indie Spirit Awards, 2 Golden Globes, et al. It was nominated for five Academy Awards, winning in the Best Adapted Screenplay category. The film had an impact on the sales of two types of California wine, driving Pinot noir sales and decreasing Merlot, the grape variety the main character, Miles, expressed hatred for.

In 2011, Pickett released a sequel to *Sideways*, titled *Vertical*. That same year it won the gold medal for Popular Fiction from the Independent Publisher Book Awards.

In 2012 Pickett staged a play version of his novel *Sideways* at the Ruskin Group Theater in Santa Monica, California. It ran for six months and a production was later staged at the La Jolla Playhouse under the direction of Des McAnuff.

Pickett spent a year traveling in Chile, New York, and Costa Rica before completing *Sideways 3 Chile*, set in the Chilean wine world. It was published in 2015.

In 2024 a fourth novel in the series was released, *Sideways New Zealand*.

## Stage and musical adaptions

In 2019 it was announced that *Sideways* was scheduled to be adapted for a Broadway musical. A play adapted by author Rex Pickett from the *Sideways* novel was produced at multiple theaters in the United States and the United Kingdom, including at the La Jolla Playhouse.

In addition to the musical, it was reported that Rex Pickett had written screenplays based on his two *Sideways* sequels already in print, *Vertical* and *Sideways 3 Chile*.

## Filmography

### Director

* *California Without End* (1984) (Bavarian Radio Television)
* *From Hollywood to Deadwood* (1989) (theatrically released by Island Pictures)

### Screenplays

### Editor

* *California Without End* (1984)

## Novels

## InfoBox

| Rex Pickett | |
| --- | --- |
| Rex Pickett on the set of *Sideways* | |
| Born | (1956-07-09) July 9, 1956<br>Merced, California, U.S. |
| Occupation |  |
| Education | University of California, San Diego (BA) |
| Genre | Fiction, comedy, film, theatre |


title: Rex Pierson

abstract: Reginald Kirshaw "Rex" Pierson CBE was an English aircraft designer and chief designer at Vickers Limited later Vickers-Armstrongs Aircraft Ltd. He was responsible for the Vickers Vimy, a heavy bomber designed during World War I and the first aircraft to cross the Atlantic non-stop. He was the chief designer of the Vickers Wellington bomber of World War II.

text:
# Rex Pierson

**Reginald Kirshaw "Rex" Pierson** CBE (9 February 1891 – 10 January 1948) was an English aircraft designer and chief designer at Vickers Limited later Vickers-Armstrongs Aircraft Ltd. He was responsible for the Vickers Vimy, a heavy bomber designed during World War I and the first aircraft to cross the Atlantic non-stop. He was the chief designer of the Vickers Wellington bomber of World War II.

## Early life

Pierson was born on 9 February 1891 at Little Fransham, Norfolk, the son of the rector the Reverend Kirshaw T. Pierson and his wife Helen Mary. He was educated at the Felsted School in Essex.

## Career

### Vickers

Although his father wanted him to work in a bank, young Rex started an apprenticeship in 1908 with Vickers at Erith. As soon as the company started an aircraft section in 1911 he joined that part of the company and learned to fly. He gained Royal Aero Club Aviator's certificate number 660 on 14 October 1913 at Brooklands. By 1917 he was the chief aircraft designer at Vickers based in its Knightsbridge offices in London.

In 1917 he designed the twin-engined Vickers Vimy biplane heavy bomber which entered service with the Royal Air Force in 1919. A Vimy flown by John Alcock and Arthur Brown made the first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in June 1919. Among his many other designs were the Vickers Vespa which held the world altitude record in 1932 and the Vickers Wellesley which held the world long distance record in 1938.

### Vickers Wellington

He was also chief designer of the Vickers Wellington twin-engined bomber, of which nearly 11,500 were built between 1936 and 1945. The Wellington, *K4049*, first flew on 15 June 1936 from Brooklands with Joseph Summers.

### Post war

Postwar designs included the Viking, Valetta and Viscount. Pierson was promoted to chief engineer in 1946. His successor as chief designer was the engineer and industrial leader Sir George Edwards.

## Personal life

After a long illness Pierson died at his home in Cranleigh, Surrey on 10 January 1948 aged 56. His name and achievements are commemorated by an annual *R K Pierson Lecture* held by the Royal Aeronautical Society (Weybridge Branch) at Brooklands Museum, usually in November. The museum also displays a unique collection of aircraft produced by the Vickers design team led by Pierson and Edwards from 1917-60.

## InfoBox

| Rex Pierson | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 9 February 1891
Little Fransham, Norfolk, England |
| Died | 10 January 1948 (1948-01-11) (aged 56)
Cranleigh, Surrey, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Education | Felsted School |
| Occupation | Engineer |
| **Engineering career** | |
| Discipline | Aircraft designer |
| Institutions | Vickers Limited
Vickers-Armstrongs Limited |
| Significant design | Vickers Vimy |
| Awards | Commander of the Order of the British Empire |
|  | |


title: Battle of Jastków

abstract: The Battle of Jastków was a World War I battle that took place July 31–August 3, 1915, near the village of Jastków, then part of the Russian Empire. It was a major clash between the Russian Army and the Austro-Hungarian Polish Legions. It was one of the Legion's largest engagements, and its first major one. The battle ended with the Austro-Hungarian and Polish victory, as the Russian forces retreated.

text:
# Battle of Jastków

The **Battle of Jastków** was a World War I battle that took place July 31–August 3, 1915, near the village of Jastków, then part of the Russian Empire. It was a major clash between the Russian Army and the Austro-Hungarian Polish Legions (primarily the 1st Brigade, Polish Legions). It was one of the Legion's largest engagements, and its first major one. The battle ended with the Austro-Hungarian and Polish victory, as the Russian forces retreated.

* Jan Konefał. *Bitwa Legionów Polskich pod Jastkowem w dniach 31 lipca – 3 sierpnia 1915 r.*. „Rocznik Lubelski”. T. 27/28 (1985–1986), p. 121-129, 1988. Lublin: Wydawnictwo Lubelskie. ISSN 0080-3510
* Jan Konefał (2003). *Jastków 1915: historia i pamięć*. Towarzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego. ISBN 978-83-7306-117-0.

## InfoBox

| Battle of Jastków | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of Russian Great Retreat during First World War | |
|
Polish infantry charge | |
| Date July 31 – August 3, 1915  Location Jastków, Russian Empire  Result  Austro-Hungarian victory | |
| Belligerents | |
| Austria-Hungary | Russian Empire |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Józef Piłsudski
Bolesław Roja | Unknown |


title: Battle of Tacámbaro

abstract: The Battle of Tacámbaro was a battle of the French Intervention in Mexico which took place on 11 April 1865 in the state of Michoacán in western Mexico. The battle, named after the town in which it was fought, pitted 300 members of the Belgian Legion supporting the Mexican Empire against approximately 3,000 Mexican republicans.

text:
# Battle of Tacámbaro

The **Battle of Tacámbaro** was a battle of the French Intervention in Mexico which took place on 11 April 1865 in the state of Michoacán in western Mexico. The battle, named after the town in which it was fought, pitted 300 members of the Belgian Legion supporting the Mexican Empire against approximately 3,000 Mexican republicans.

## Background

The Belgian Legion, under the command of Baron Alfred Van der Smissen, had been organized at the request of Emperor Maximilian's wife, Charlotte, and arrived in Mexico on 14 December 1864 to act as her personal bodyguard. The Belgians were placed under the command of Colonel de Potier of France and deployed to Michoacán to assist Maximillian's forces in fighting Republican guerrillas known to be operating in that area.

The state of Michoacán lies within 100 miles of Mexico City. Its proximity to the capital combined with its heavy forests, mountainous terrain and difficult weather made it ideal for guerilla operations. The state's population was largely sympathetic to the Republican cause and the region was laced with routes for smuggling arms and supplies for Republican forces operating in the area. Maximilian found it unacceptable that Republican troops were operating so close to the capital without opposition. He found it important both strategically and politically that his forces quell Republican activity in Michoacán to prevent the destabilization of his regime.

## The battle

On 3 April 1865, 250–300 Belgians occupied Tacámbaro. Shortly thereafter, Senora Regules, the wife of the Republican General Nicolas Regules, was found rendering medical aid to two guerillas. She was arrested for aiding Republican troops and escorted with her two children by Major Tydgadt and Dr. Lejeune, the Belgian detachments commander and doctor, to the Belgian headquarters. This action was intended to secure the cooperation of General Regules but instead enraged the local population.

On 11 April 1865, General Regules attacked the Belgians with between 3,000 and 3,500 Republican soldiers. Surrounded from all sides, the Belgians held out for five hours, hoping for reinforcements which arrived four days too late. They were finally forced to surrender. While the number of casualties is disputed, it is believed that between fifty and one hundred Belgians were killed and around 200 were taken prisoner.

During the battle, eight of the unit's officers were killed, including the badly wounded Major Tydgadt and his adjutant Captain Ernest Chazal (son of the Belgium's minister of defense, Félix Chazal).

## Aftermath

The Belgian prisoners were held through October 1865. Despite threats to execute them if they did not sign a protest against Maximillian, the prisoners were well treated. On 22 November 1865 all were exchanged for Republican prisoners through the work of Republican General Riva Palacio.

While militarily the engagement could hardly be called a "battle", its effect on the Belgian Legion was considerable. Tacámbaro was their first engagement against the Republicans and Empress Charlotte took the loss personally, perceiving it as a "disaster". Baron Alfred Van Der Smissen accused Colonel de Potier of "criminal negligence and gross incompetetence" for sending the inexperienced detachment into what he labeled a "dangerous and exposed position" unsupported, destroying any hopes of the Belgians obtaining an independent military command. On 16 July 1865 the Belgian Legion under Van Der Smissen took revenge, winning the Battle of la Loma. After fighting in several other engagements the Belgian Legion was disbanded in December 1866. The personnel embarked at Vera-Cruz on 20 January 1867 and arrived in Antwerp, Belgium on 9 March where they dispersed.

There are two Tacámbaro monuments in Belgium, one in Oudenaarde and one in Leopoldsburg.

## Footnotes

## Further reading

* Dabbs, Jack. *The French Army in Mexico: 1861-1867*. The Hague: Mouton and Company, 1963.
* Haslip, Joan. *Crown of Mexico: Maximilian and his Empress Carlota*. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971.
* Ridley, Jasper. *Maximilian and Juárez*. New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1992.
* Thompson, David. "Mexican Heritage Coupled to Lively History of Silver State." *Nevada Observer*, April 5, 2001

19°14′08″N 101°27′25″W / 19.2356°N 101.4569°W / 19.2356; -101.4569

## InfoBox

| Battle of Tacámbaro | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of the Second French intervention in Mexico | |
|
Depiction of the Battle of Tacámbaro | |
| Date 11 April 1865  Location Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico  Result  Republican victory | |
| Belligerents | |
| Mexican Republicans | Mexican Empire |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Nicolás Régules | Constant Tydgadt |
| Strength | |
| 2,500 infantry
600 cavalry
4 guns | 251 infantry
38 cavalry
1 gun |
| Casualties and losses | |
| 300 killed | 12 killed
37 wounded
180 captured |


title: Battle of Kłecko

abstract: The Battle of Kłecko was fought on May 7, 1656, between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth commanded by Regimentarz Stefan Czarniecki and Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and a Swedish force commanded by prince Adolf Johan av Pfalz-Zweibrücken. The Polish–Lithuanian force was more than 12,000 strong and consisted mostly of cavalry, while the Swedes numbered around 7,000 artillery, infantry and cavalry. The Swedes achieved a tactical victory in that they escaped destruction by the Poles, who were unable to get to the Swedish army entrenched behind the Welnianka River, and various ditches and swamps. Swedish army lost 428 dead, while the Polish army sustained 70 dead and wounded, 2,000 dead or 3,000 dead, including 40 companions dead.

text:
# Battle of Kłecko

The **Battle of Kłecko** was fought on May 7, 1656, between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth commanded by Regimentarz Stefan Czarniecki and Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and a Swedish force commanded by prince Adolf Johan av Pfalz-Zweibrücken. The Polish–Lithuanian force was more than 12,000 strong and consisted mostly of cavalry, while the Swedes numbered around 7,000 artillery, infantry and cavalry. The Swedes achieved a tactical victory in that they escaped destruction by the Poles, who were unable to get to the Swedish army entrenched behind the Welnianka River, and various ditches and swamps. Swedish army lost 428 dead, while the Polish army sustained 70 dead and wounded, 2,000 dead or 3,000 dead (depending on sources), including 40 companions dead (both hetman Czarniecki and Polish hussar companion Kochowski (who was fighting in this battle) quote this number of Polish losses).

## Background

In the spring of 1656, Hetmans Stefan Czarniecki and Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski were sent with their forces to Greater Poland, in order to support anti-Swedish insurrection, which had begun there. King Charles X Gustav, who had just managed to escape encirclement in the confluence of the Vistula and the San river, decided to head to Greater Poland, with 10,000 soldiers.

Charles Gustav left Warsaw on April 17, 1656, reaching Pakość on April 28. There, he split his forces into two groups. The King himself left with 2,000 soldiers towards the besieged Gdańsk, while the remaining 8,000 under Gustav' brother, Adolph John I, Count Palatine of Kleeburg, continued to chase the Poles.

Polish army, which camped along northern bank of the Noteć river, concentrated on May 3 in Pila. On the next day, the Poles crossed the Noteć near Ujście, and marched towards Oborniki Wielkopolskie. After bypassing Poznań, the Poles reached Gniezno (May 5), while on the next day, Adolph John with his army arrived at the village of Jablkowo near Kłecko, 15 kilometers northeast of Gniezno. When news of Charles Gustav's departure to Royal Prussia reached Polish commandants, they decided to face the Swedes in an open field.

## Battle

The Polish army had 12,000 soldiers, mostly cavalry, while the Swedes had 7,000 men with strong artillery units. According to the battle plan of Czarniecki, two Polish cavalry regiments (under Mariusz Stanislaw Jaskolski and Jacek Szemberk) were to engage the Swedes on a dike across a swampy stream called Welnianka, near the village of Brzozogaj. The dike was a trap, behind which four experienced Polish regiments awaited the enemy.

The plan initially was a success, and after an exchange of fire, the Poles organized a retreat towards the dike. Swedish soldiers began to chase them, but the trap failed, when the four awaiting regiments entered the fray too soon. The Swedes retreated to their well-prepared positions, preventing the destruction of their army. Due to strong Swedish fire, the Poles did not attack their camp, and the battle ended after five hours. According to the Swedish description of the battle, the Polish forces were chased out and pursued. The Polish losses in the battle are highly disputed: Stefan Czarniecki, the Polish commander, claimed he had sustained about 70 dead and wounded. John Thurloe, secretary to the council of state in England, wrote about 600 killed in the battle itself, with another 1,400 more killed during the pursuit. German historian Samuel von Pufendorf made a similar estimation of 600 killed on the field, but with as many as 2,500 killed during the pursuit. 21 Polish standards were also lost. The Swedish losses in the battle were 100 killed and wounded, according to their commander Carl Gustaf Wrangel, or, according to other sources, about 428 killed and perhaps twice as many, or more, wounded.

## Aftermath

The battle once again confirmed the notion that Polish cavalry was unable to defeat well-positioned Swedish infantry. Czarniecki himself later admitted, that without infantry and artillery, it was impossible to win battles with Swedish forces.

After the battle, the Polish army marched towards Pleszew and Uniejów, where it camped on May 16. The situation of the Swedes deteriorated, and by the end of May, the Poles recaptured Leszno, Kościan and Sieradz.

## InfoBox

| Battle of Kłecko | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of the Second Northern War / The Deluge | |
|
Battle of Kłecko by Johann Philip Lemke | |
| Date May 7, 1656  Location near Gniezno, Poland  Result  Swedish victory | |
| Belligerents | |
| Swedish Empire | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Carl Gustaf Wrangel
Adolf Johan av Pfalz-Zweibrücken | Stefan Czarniecki |
| Strength | |
| 7,000 | 12,000 |
| Casualties and losses | |
| Carl Gustaf Wrangel: 100 killed and wounded
428 killed | Stefan Czarniecki: 70 dead and wounded
130 killed
John Thurloe: 600 killed on spot, 1,400 in pursuit
von Pufendorf: 600 killed on spot, 2,500 in pursuit |


abstract: The 2007 Ontario general election took place on Wednesday, October 10, 2007. The list of candidates was finalized by Elections Ontario on September 19, 2007.

text:
# Results of the 2007 Ontario general election by riding

The **2007 Ontario general election** took place on Wednesday, October 10, 2007. The list of candidates was finalized by Elections Ontario on September 19, 2007.

## Candidates by party

## Candidates by region

### Ottawa

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Carleton—
Mississippi Mills |  | Megan Cornell
16 776 (31.93%) |  | Norm Sterling
**25 126 (47.83%)** |  | Michael Hadskis
4 002 (7.62%) |  | John Ogilvie
5 517 (10.50%) |  | Reynolds James
419 (0.80%) |  | Rob Alexander (Libert)
693 (1.32%) |  | Norm Sterling |
| Nepean—
Carleton |  | Jai Aggarwal
17 731 (32.94%) |  | Lisa MacLeod
**27 070 (50.28%)** |  | Tristan Maack
4 000 (7.43%) |  | Gordon Kubanek
4 500 (8.36%) |  | Suzanne Fortin
Wikinews interview
533 (0.99%) |  |  |  | Lisa MacLeod |
| Ottawa Centre |  | Yasir Naqvi
**18 255 (34.91%)** |  | Trina Morissette
10 430 (19.92%) |  | Will Murray
16 161 (30.90%) |  | Greg Laxton
6 458 (12.35%) |  | Danny Moran
516 (0.99%) |  | Richard Eveleigh (Ind)
283 (0.54%)
Stuart Ryan (Comm.)
204 (0.39%) |  | Richard Patten |
| Ottawa—
Orléans |  | Phil McNeely
**25 649 (52.86%)** |  | Graham Fox
16 695 (34.41%) |  | Andrée Germain
3 088 (6.36%) |  | Akbar Manoussi
2 214 (4.56%) |  | Jeremy Atkinson
692 (1.43%) |  | David McGruer (Freedom)
183 (0.38%)
 |  | Phil McNeely |
| Ottawa South |  | **Dalton McGuinty**
**24 015 (50.13%)** |  | Richard Raymond
14 206 (29.66%) |  | Edelweiss D'Andrea
4 467 (9.33%) |  | John Ford
3 902 (8.15%) |  | David MacDonald
927 (1.94%) |  | Jean-Serge Brisson (Libert)
384 (0.80%) |  | **Dalton McGuinty** |
| Ottawa—
Vanier |  | **Madeleine Meilleur**
**20 954 (50.96%)** |  | Bruce Poulin
9 169 (22.30%) |  | Ric Dagenais
6 049 (14.71%) |  | Leonard Poole
4 293 (10.44%) |  | Frank Cioppa
396 (0.96%) |  | Robert Larter (Ind)
207 (0.44%) |  | **Madeleine Meilleur** |
| Ottawa West—
Nepean |  | **Jim Watson**
**23 842 (50.64%)** |  | Mike Patton
14 971 (31.80%) |  | Lynn Hamilton
4 564 (9.69%) |  | Martin Hyde
Wikinews interview
2 903 (6.17%) |  | John Pacheco
592 (1.26%) |  | Robert Gauthier (Ind)
207 (0.44%) |  | **Jim Watson** |

### Eastern Ontario

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Glengarry—
Prescott—
Russell |  | Jean-Marc Lalonde
**24 345 (60.51%)** |  | Dennis Pommainville
10 927 (27.16%) |  | Josée Blanchette
2 281 (5.67%) |  | Karolyne Pickett
2 344 (5.83%) |  | Vicki Gunn
337 (0.84%) |  |  |  | Jean-Marc Lalonde |
| Kingston and the Islands |  | **John Gerretsen**
**23 277 (47.23%)** |  | John Rapin
11 001 (22.32%) |  | Rick Downes
10 129 (20.55%) |  | Bridget Doherty
4 321 (8.77%) |  | Chris Beneteau
419 (0.85%) |  | Mark Fournier (Freedom)
137 (0.28%) |  | **John Gerretsen** |
| Lanark—
Frontenac—
Lennox and Addington |  | Ian Wilson
17 393 (38.76%) |  | Randy Hillier
**18 213 (40.58%)** |  | Ross Sutherland
5 623 (12.53%) |  | Rolly Montpellier
3 186 (7.10%) |  | Stella Postma
462 (1.03%) |  |  |  | *new district* |
| Leeds—
Grenville |  | Lori Bryden
11 602 (28.67%) |  | Bob Runciman
**22 755 (56.24%)** |  | Pauline Kuhlman
2 821 (6.97%) |  | Jeanie Warnock
2 907 (7.19%) |  | Michael Dwyer
377 (0.93%) |  |  |  | Bob Runciman |
| Prince Edward—
Hastings |  | Leona Dombrowsky
**20 963 (46.36%)** |  | Eric DenOuden
14 840 (32.82%) |  | Jodie Jenkins
6 287 (13.90%) |  | Jim Arkilander
2 663 (5.89%) |  | Vito Luceno
297 (0.66%) |  | Trueman Tuck (Republican)
166 (0.37%) |  | Leona Dombrowsky |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | *merged district* | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |  | Ernie Parsons |
| Renfrew—
Nipissing—
Pembroke |  | Sean Kelly
9 905 (24.72%) |  | John Yakabuski
**24 975 (62.34%)** |  | Felicite Stairs
Wikinews interview
3 038 (7.58%) |  | Mark Mackenzie
1 777 (4.44%) |  | Bruce Dean
292 (0.73%) |  | Tilton Beaumont (Cor)
76 (0.19%) |  | John Yakabuski |
| Stormont—
Dundas—
South Glengarry |  | Jim Brownell
**18 660 (48.86%)** |  | Chris Savard
14 794 (38.73%) |  | Lori Taylor
2 813 (7.37%) |  | Elaine Kennedy
1 680 (4.40%) |  | Lukas Bebjack
247 (0.65%) |  |  |  | Jim Brownell |

### Central Ontario

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Barrie |  | Aileen Carroll
**19 548 (42.20%)** |  | Joe Tascona
18 167 (39.22%) |  | Larry Taylor
3 700 (7.99%) |  | Erich Jacoby-Hawkins
4 385 (9.47%) |  | Roberto Sales
173 (0.37%) |  | Paolo Fabrizio (Libert)
168 (0.36%)
Darren Roskam (Ind)
102 (0.22%)
Daniel Gary Predie (Ind)
77 (0.17%) |  | Joe Tascona |
| Bruce—
Grey—
Owen Sound |  | Selwyn Hicks
6 774 (14.93%) |  | Bill Murdoch
**21 156 (46.61%)** |  | Paul Johnstone
(Wikinews interview)
1 721 (3.79%) |  | Shane Jolley
15 039 (33.14%) |  | Irma De Vries
550 (1.21%) |  | William Cook (Reform)
145 (0.32%) |  | Bill Murdoch |
| Dufferin—
Caledon |  | Elizabeth Hall
12 638 (32.01%) |  | Sylvia Jones
**16 522 (41.85%)** |  | Lynda McDougall
3 893 (9.86%) |  | Rob Strang
6 430 (16.29%) |  |  |  |  |  | **John Tory** |
| Durham |  | Betty Somerville
14 730 (32.15%) |  | John O'Toole
**21 515 (46.96%)** |  | Catherine Robinson
5 521 (12.05%) |  | June Davis
4 053 (8.85%) |  |  |  |  |  | John O'Toole |
| Haliburton—
Kawartha Lakes—
Brock |  | Rick Johnson
14 327 (29.51%) |  | Laurie Scott
**24 273 (49.99%)** |  | Joan Corigan
5 785 (11.92%) |  | Doug Smith
3 475 (7.16%) |  | Jake Pothaar
301 (0.62%) |  | Bill Denby (Freedom)
391 (0.81%) |  | Laurie Scott |
| Newmarket—
Aurora |  | Christina Bisanz
18 105 (39.74%) |  | Frank Klees
**19 460 (42.72%)** |  | Mike Seaward
3 290 (7.22%) |  | John McRogers
4 182 (9.18%) |  | Tad Brudzinski
249 (0.55%) |  | Craig Hodgins (Libert)
269 (0.59%) |  | Frank Klees |
| Northumberland—
Quinte West |  | Lou Rinaldi
**22 287 (45.37%)** |  | Cathy Galt
15 330 (31.21%) |  | Carol Blaind
6 492 (13.22%) |  | Judy Smith Torrie
5 012 (10.20%) |  |  |  |  |  | Lou Rinaldi |
| Peterborough |  | Jeff Leal
**24 466 (47.72%)** |  | Bruce Fitzpatrick
13 176 (25.70%) |  | Dave Nickle
8 523 (16.62%) |  | Miriam Stucky
4 473 (8.72%) |  | Paul Morgan
634 (1.24%) |  |  |  | Jeff Leal |
| Simcoe—Grey |  | Steven H. Fishman
12 447 (25.97%) |  | Jim Wilson
**24 270 (50.65%)** |  | Katy Austin
4 417 (9.22%) |  | Peter Ellis
5 428 (11.33%) |  | Steven Taylor
361 (0.75%) |  | Phil Bender (Libert)
724 (1.51%)
Owen Alastair Ferguson(Ind)
273 (0.57%) |  | Jim Wilson |
| Simcoe North |  | Laura Domsy
14 094 (30.55%) |  | Garfield Dunlop
**22 986 (49.82%)** |  | Andrew Hill
4 240 (9.19%) |  | Wayne Varcoe
4 709 (10.21%) |  |  |  | Dane Raybauld (Libert)
112 (0.24%) |  | Garfield Dunlop |
| York—Simcoe |  | John Gilbank
12 785 (30.83%) |  | Julia Munro
**19 173 (46.23%)** |  | Nancy Morrison
4 205 (10.14%) |  | Jim Reeves
4 664 (11.25%) |  | Victor Carvalho
297 (0.72%) |  | Caley McKibbin (Libert)
348 (0.84%) |  | Julia Munro |

### Southern Durham and York

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Ajax—
Pickering |  | Joe Dickson
**19 857 (49.07%)** |  | Kevin Ashe
13 898 (34.35%) |  | Bala Thavarajasoorier
3 275 (8.09%) |  | Cecile Willert
3 067 (7.58%) |  | Andrew Carvalho
368 (0.91%) |  |  |  | *new district* |
| Markham—
Unionville |  | **Michael Chan**
**21 149 (59.47%)** |  | Ki Kit Li
9 574 (26.92%) |  | Andy Arifin
2 597 (7.30%) |  | Bernadette Manning
1 910 (5.37%) |  | Leon Williams
335 (0.94%) |  |  |  | **Michael Chan** |
| Oak Ridges—
Markham |  | Helena Jaczek
**28 564 (48.22%)** |  | Phil Bannon
21 367 (36.07%) |  | Janice Hagan
4 698 (7.93%) |  | Attila Nagy
3 815 (6.44%) |  | Pat Redmond
455 (0.77%) |  | Doug Ransom (Ind)
342 (0.58%) |  | *new district* |
| Oshawa |  | Faelyne Templer
8 764 (21.40%) |  | Jerry Ouellette
**15 977 (39.02%)** |  | Sid Ryan
13 482 (32.92%) |  | Alexander Kemp
2 474 (6.04%) |  | Jeffrey Streutker
253 (0.62%) |  |  |  | Jerry Ouellette |
| Pickering—
Scarborough East |  | Wayne Arthurs
**19 762 (48.63%)** |  | Diana Hall
12 884 (31.70%) |  | Andrea Moffat
4 563 (11.23%) |  | Anita Lachlan
2 572 (6.33%) |  | Mitchell Persaud
210 (0.52%) |  | Josh Insang (Libert)
375 (0.92%)
John Newell (Ind)
275 (0.68%) |  | Wayne Arthurs |
| Richmond Hill |  | Reza Moridi
**19 456 (47.83%)** |  | Alex Yuan
14 127 (34.73%) |  | Nella Cotrupi
3 565 (8.76%) |  | Liz Couture
3 210 (7.89%) |  | Lisa Kidd
318 (0.78%) |  |  |  | *new district* |
| Thornhill |  | Mario Racco
20 497 (42.31%) |  | Peter Shurman
**22 025 (45.47%)** |  | Sandra Parrott
2 867 (5.92%) |  | Lloyd Helferty
2 507 (5.18%) |  | Nathan Kidd
216 (0.45%) |  | Malcolm Kojokaro (Ind)
187 (0.39%)
Lindsay King (Freedom)
142 (0.29%) |  | Mario Racco |
| Vaughan |  | **Greg Sorbara**
**28 964 (61.90%)** |  | Gayani Weerasinghe
8 759 (18.72%) |  | Rick Morelli
5 470 (11.69%) |  | Russell Korus
2 975 (6.36%) |  |  |  | Savino Quatela (Ind)
623 (1.33%) |  | **Greg Sorbara** |
| Whitby—
Oshawa |  | Laura Hammer
18 560 (35.99%) |  | Christine Elliott
**22 694 (44.0%)** |  | Nigel Moses
5 733 (11.12%) |  | Doug Anderson
Wikinews interview
3 745 (7.26%) |  | Dale Chilvers
275 (0.53%) |  | Marty Gobin (Libert)
414 (0.80%)
Bill Frampton (Freedom)
150 (0.29%) |  | Christine Elliott |

### Toronto

#### Toronto East Region

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Scarborough—
Agincourt |  | **Gerry Phillips**
**19 541 (58.08%)** |  | John Del Grande
8 531 (25.36%) |  | Yvette Blackburn
3 531 (7.31%) |  | George Pappas
1 511 (4.49%) |  | Max Wang
532 (1.58%) |  |  |  | **Gerry Phillips** |
| Scarborough Centre |  | Brad Duguid
**17 775 (53.66%)** |  | Samy Appadurai
8 320 (25.12%) |  | Kathleen Mathurin
4 401 (13.29%) |  | Andrew Strachan
1 827 (5.52%) |  | Tom Lang
451 (1.36%) |  | David Predovich (Libert)
349 (1.05%) |  | Brad Duguid |
| Scarborough—
Guildwood |  | Margarett Best
**14 430 (42.52%)** |  | Gary Grant
9 502 (28.00%) |  | Neethan Shan
7 441 (21.92%) |  | Glenn Kitchen
1 811 (5.34%) |  | Daniel Carvalho
267 (0.79%) |  | **Sam Apelbaum** (Libert)
484 (1.43%) |  | **Mary Anne Chambers** |
| Scarborough—
Rouge River |  | Bas Balkissoon
**22 307 (65.06%)** |  | Horace Gooden
4 960 (14.47%) |  | Sheila White
(Wikinews interview)
4 691 (13.68%) |  | Serge Abbat
1 276 (3.72%) |  | Joseph Carvalho
569 (1.66%) |  | Alan Mercer (Libert)
486 (1.42%) |  | Bas Balkissoon |
| Scarborough Southwest |  | Lorenzo Berardinetti
**15 114 (46.15%)** |  | Gary Crawford
8 359 (25.53%) |  | Jay Sarkar
5 930 (18.11%) |  | Stefan Dixon
2 649 (8.09%) |  | Victor Borkowski
399 (1.22%) |  | George Dance (Libert)
296 (0.90%) |  | Lorenzo Berardinetti |

#### Toronto North Region

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Don Valley East |  | **David Caplan**
**19 667 (55.63%)** |  | Angela Kennedy
8 878 (25.11%) |  | Mary Trapani Hynes
3 759 (10.63%) |  | Trifon Haitas
2 287 (6.47%) |  | Ryan Kidd
198 (0.56%) |  | Stella Kargiannakis (Ind)
467 (1.32%)
Wayne Simmons (Freedom)
99 (0.28%) |  | **David Caplan** |
| Don Valley West |  | **Kathleen Wynne**
**23 080 (50.44%)** |  | **John Tory**
18 156 (39.68%) |  | Mike Kenny
2 138 (4.67%) |  | Adrian Walker
2 202 (4.81%) |  | Daniel Kidd
183 (0.40%) |  |  |  | **Kathleen Wynne** |
| Eglinton—
Lawrence |  | Mike Colle
**17 402 (43.23%)** |  | Bernie Tanz
15 257 (37.90%) |  | Karin Wiens
4 039 (10.03%) |  | Andrew James
2 871 (7.13%) |  | Rina Morra
229 (0.57%) |  | Tom Gelmon (Libert)
235 (0.58%)
Franz Cauchi (Freedom)
130 (0.32%)
Joseph Young (Ind \[Comm League\])
90 (0.22%) |  | Mike Colle |
| Willowdale |  | David Zimmer
**21 066 (47.73%)** |  | David Shiner
15 588 (35.08%) |  | Rini Ghosh
3 699 (8.34%) |  | Torbjorn Zetterlund
2 960 (6.67%) |  | Kristin Monster
370 (0.83%) |  | Heath Thomas (Libert)
477 (1.08%)
Charles R. Sutherland (Ind)
119 (0.27%) |  | David Zimmer |
| York Centre |  | **Monte Kwinter**
**16 646 (48.73%)** |  | Igor Toutchinski
11 028 (32.28%) |  | Claudia Rodriguez
3 713 (10.87%) |  | Marija Minic
Wikinews interview
2 207 (6.46%) |  | Marilyn Carvalho
568 (1.66%) |  |  |  | **Monte Kwinter** |

#### Toronto South Region

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Beaches—
East York |  | Tom Teahen
10 215 (25.84%) |  | Don Duvall
6 186 (15.59%) |  | Michael Prue
**17 522 (44.32%)** |  | Caroline Law
4 785 (12.10%) |  | Joel Kidd
201 (0.51%) |  | Doug Patfield (Libert)
515 (1.30%)
James Whittaker (Freedom)
135 (0.34%) |  | Michael Prue |
| Davenport |  | Tony Ruprecht
**12 467 (41.82%)** |  | Antonio Garcia
2 805 (9.41%) |  | Peter Ferreira
10 880 (36.49%) |  | **Frank De Jong**
3 047 (10.22%) |  | Gustavo Valdez
157 (0.53%) |  | David McKee (Comm.)
191 (0.64%)
Nunzio Venuto (Libert);
152 (0.51%)
Anette Kouri (Ind \[Comm League\])
114 (0.38%) |  | Tony Ruprecht |
| St. Paul's |  | **Michael Bryant**
**21 280 (47.43%)** |  | Lillyann Goldstein
11 910 (26.54%) |  | Julian Heller
7 061 (15.74%) |  | Steve D'sa
3 744 (8.34%) |  | Blaise Thompson
Wikinews interview
199 (0.42%) |  | Charles De Kerckhove (Ind)
328 (0.73%)
John Kittredge (Libert)
240 (0.53%)
Carol Leborg (Freedom)
115 (0.26%) |  | **Michael Bryant** |
| Toronto Centre |  | **George Smitherman**
**21 522 (47.85%)** |  | Pamela Taylor
9 084 (20.20%) |  | Sandra Gonzalez
8 464 (18.82%) |  | Mike McLean
4 412 (9.81%) |  |  |  | Michael Green (Libert)
686 (1.53%)
Danish Ahmed (PFPWSN)
259 (0.58%)
Johan Boyden (Comm.)(Wikinews interview);
196 (0.44%)
Philip Fernandez (Ind \[M-L\])
191 (0.42%)
Gary Leroux (Ind)
167 (0.37%) |  | **George Smitherman** |
| Toronto—
Danforth |  | Joyce Rowlands
11 448 (29.20%) |  | Robert Bisbicis
4 423 (11.28%) |  | Peter Tabuns
**17 975 (45.85%)** |  | Patrick Kraemer
4 372 (11.15%) |  | Micheal Kidd
273 (0.70%) |  | Mark Scott (Libert);
Wikinews interview
460 (1.17%)
Shona Bracken (Comm.)
Wikinews interview
253 (0.65%) |  | Peter Tabuns |
| Trinity—
Spadina |  | Kathryn Holloway
14 180 (31.53%) |  | Tyler Currie
6 235 (13.86%) |  | Rosario Marchese
**18 508 (41.15%)** |  | Dan King
5 156 (11.46%) |  |  |  | George Sawision (Ind)
350 (0.78%)
John Rubino (PFPWSN)
243 (0.54%)
Charlene Cottle (Ind)
154 (0.34%)
Silvio Ursomarzo (Freedom)
147 (0.33%) |  | Rosario Marchese |

#### Toronto West Region

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Etobicoke Centre |  | **Donna Cansfield**
**22 939 (50.07%)** |  | Andrew Pringle
15 667 (34.20%) |  | Anita Agrawal
3 847 (8.40%) |  | Greg King
3 357 (7.33%) |  |  |  |  |  | **Donna Cansfield** |
| Etobicoke—
Lakeshore |  | **Laurel Broten**
**20 218 (45.99%)** |  | Tom Barlow
13 482 (30.67%) |  | Andrea Németh
5 837 (13.28%) |  | Jerry Schulman
3 467 (7.89%) |  | Bob Williams
480 (1.09%) |  | Janice Murray (Ind \[M-L\])
478 (1.09%) |  | **Laurel Broten** |
| Etobicoke North |  | Shafiq Qaadri
**15 147 (54.85%)** |  | Mohamed Kassim
5 801 (21.01%) |  | Mohamed Boudjenane
4 101 (14.85%) |  | Jama Korshel
1 312 (4.75%) |  | Theresa Ceolin
1 255 (4.54%) |  |  |  | Shafiq Qaadri |
| Parkdale—
High Park |  | Sylvia Watson
11 900 (29.24%) |  | David Hutcheon
6 024 (14.80%) |  | Cheri DiNovo
**18 194 (44.71%)** |  | Bruce Hearns
3 938 (9.68%) |  | Marilee Kidd
312 (0.77%) |  | Zork Hun (Libert)
326 (0.80%) |  | Cheri DiNovo |
| York South—
Weston |  | Laura Albanese
**13 846 (42.94%)** |  | Karen McMillan
3 173 (9.84%) |  | Paul Ferreira
13 394 (41.54%) |  | Anthony Gratl
1 226 (3.80%) |  | Mariangela Sanabria
218 (0.68%) |  | Marco Dias (Libert)
385 (1.19%) |  | Paul Ferreira |
| York West |  | Mario Sergio
**13 246 (54.74%)** |  | Shane O'Toole
2 484 (10.26%) |  | Antoni Shelton
6 764 (27.95%) |  | Sergio Pagnotta
1 199 (4.95%) |  | Julia Carvalho
282 (1.17%) |  | Ram Narula (Ind.)
225 (0.93%) |  | Mario Sergio |

### Brampton, Mississauga and Oakville

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Bramalea—
Gore—
Malton |  | Kuldip Kular
**19 106 (47.00%)** |  | Pam Hundal
11 934 (29.36%) |  | Glenn Crowe
5 016 (12.34%) |  | Bruce Haines
Wikinews interview
4 120 (10.14%) |  | Gary Nail
471 (1.16%) |  |  |  | Kuldip Kular |
| Brampton—
Springdale |  | Linda Jeffrey
**17 673 (50.66%)** |  | John Carman McClelland
10 708 (30.70%) |  | Mani Singh
3 800 (10.89%) |  | Daniel Cullen
2 292 (6.57%) |  | Sandy Toteda
258 (0.74%) |  | **Elizabeth Rowley** (Comm.)
152 (0.44%) |  | Linda Jeffrey |
| Brampton West |  | Vic Dhillon
**20 746 (46.19%)** |  | Mark Beckles
15 120 (33.67%) |  | Garth Bobb
4 901 (10.91%) |  | Sanjeev Goel
3 471 (7.73%) |  | Norah Madden
488 (1.09%) |  | Gurdial Singh Fiji (Ind)
185 (0.41%) |  | Vic Dhillon |
| Mississauga—
Brampton South |  | Amrit Mangat
**19 738 (53.78%)** |  | Ravi Singh
9 333 (25.43%) |  | Karan Pandher
3 785 (10.31%) |  | Paul Simas
3 846 (10.48%) |  |  |  |  |  | *new district* |
| Mississauga East—
Cooksville |  | Peter Fonseca
**22 249 (58.93%)** |  | Zoran Churchin
8 715 (23.08%) |  | Sathish Balasunderam
3 192 (8.46%) |  | Carla Casanova
2 361 (6.25%) |  | Al Zawadski
992 (2.63%) |  | Ryan Jamieson (Freedom)
243 (0.64%) |  | Peter Fonseca |
| Mississauga—
Erindale |  | **Harinder Takhar**
**21 551 (47.85%)** |  | David Brown
14 913 (33.11%) |  | Shaila Kibria
5 056 (11.23%) |  | Richard Pietro
3 521 (7.82%) |  |  |  |  |  | **Harinder Takhar** |
| Mississauga South |  | Charles Sousa
**19 195 (46.68%)** |  | Tim Peterson
14 187 (34.50%) |  | Ken Cole
3 745 (9.11%) |  | David Johnston
3 629 (8.83%) |  | Samantha Toteda
365 (0.89%) |  |  |  | Tim Peterson |
| Mississauga—
Streetsville |  | Bob Delaney
**20 264 (52.55%)** |  | Nina Tangri
11 155 (28.93%) |  | Gail McCabe
3 944 (10.23%) |  | Scott Warner
2 925 (7.59%) |  | Masood Atchekzai
274 (0.71%) |  |  |  | Bob Delaney |
| Oakville |  | Kevin Flynn
**23 761 (49.81%)** |  | Rick Byers
16 659 (34.92%) |  | Tony Crawford
3 091 (6.48%) |  | Marion Schaffer
Wikinews interview
3 916 (8.21%) |  | Micheal Toteda
279 (0.58%) |  |  |  | Kevin Flynn |

### Hamilton, Burlington and Niagara

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Ancaster—
Dundas—
Flamborough—
Westdale |  | Ted McMeekin
**20 445 (41.16%)** |  | Chris Corrigan
17 092 (34.41%) |  | Juanita Maldonado
6 814 (13.72%) |  | David Januczkowski
4 112 (8.28%) |  | Jim Enos
548 (1.10%) |  | Eileen Butson (Cor)
370 (0.74%)
Martin Samuel Zuliniak (Ind)
222 (0.45%)
Sam Zaslavsky (Libert)
67 (0.13%) |  | Ted McMeekin |
| Burlington |  | Marianne Meed Ward
19 734 (37.79%) |  | Joyce Savoline
**21 578 (41.34%)** |  | Cory Judson
5 728 (10.97%) |  | Tim Wilson
4 779 (9.16%) |  | Mark Gamez
391 (0.75%) |  |  |  | Joyce Savoline |
| Halton |  | Gary Zemlak
22 501 (41.51%) |  | Ted Chudleigh
**22 667 (41.84%)** |  | Patricia Heroux
4 160 (7.68%) |  | Andrew Chlobowski
4 376 (8.07%) |  | Stan Lazarski
487 (0.90%) |  |  |  | Ted Chudleigh |
| Hamilton Centre |  | Steve Ruddick
11 096 (28.89%) |  | Chris Robertson
5 673 (14.77%) |  | Andrea Horwath
**17 176 (44.72%)** |  | Peter Ormond
Wikinews interview
3 610 (9.40%) |  | Lynne Scime
550 (1.43%) |  | Bob Mann (Comm.)
302 (0.79%) |  | Andrea Horwath |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | *merged district* | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |  | Judy Marsales |
| Hamilton East—
Stoney Creek |  | Nerene Virgin
15 062 (34.85%) |  | Tara Crugnale
9 310 (21.54%) |  | Paul Miller
**16 272 (37.65%)** |  | Ray Dartsch
2 122 (4.91%) |  | Bob Innes
452 (1.05%) |  |  |  | Jennifer Mossop |
| Hamilton Mountain |  | Sophia Aggelonitis
**17 387** **(37.24%)** |  | Bob Charters
10 982 (23.52%) |  | Bryan Adamczyk
15 653 (33.53%) |  | Ivan Miletic
2 172 (4.65%) |  | Mary Maan
493 (1.06%) |  |  |  | **Marie Bountrogianni** |
| Niagara Falls |  | Kim Craitor
**22 210 (47.53%)** |  | Bart Maves
14 540 (31.12%) |  | Mike Piché
4 605 (9.85%) |  | Melanie Mullen
5 373 (11.50%) |  |  |  |  |  | Kim Craitor |
| Niagara West—
Glanbrook |  | Mike Lostracco
14 290 (30.01%) |  | Tim Hudak
**24 311 (51.06%)** |  | Bonnie Bryan
5 809 (12.20%) |  | Sid Frere
3 206 (6.73%) |  |  |  |  |  | Tim Hudak |
| St. Catharines |  | **Jim Bradley**
**21 029 (47.23%)** |  | Bruce Timms
12 864 (28.89%) |  | Henry Bosch
7 069 (15.88%) |  | Byrne Smith
3 152 ((7.08%) |  | Barra Gots
267 (0.60%) |  | Sam Hammond (Comm.)
139 (0.31%) |  | **Jim Bradley** |
| Welland |  | John Mastroianni
10 580 (22.91%) |  | Ron Bodner
8 722 (18.88%) |  | Peter Kormos
**24 910 (53.94%)** |  | Mark Grenier
(Wikinews interview)
1 973 (4.27%) |  |  |  |  |  | Peter Kormos |

### Midwestern Ontario

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Brant |  | Dave Levac
**23 485 (49.16%)** |  | Dan McCreary
13 787 (28.86%) |  | Brian Van Tilborg
6 536 (13.68%) |  | Ted Shelegy
3 272 (6.85%) |  | Rob Ferguson
403 (0.84%) |  | John Turmel (Ind)
289 (0.60%) |  | Dave Levac |
| Cambridge |  | Kathryn McGarry
14 704 (34.17%) |  | Gerry Martiniuk
**17 942 (41.70%)** |  | Mitchell Healey
5 896 (13.70%) |  | Colin Carmichael
3 842 (8.93%) |  | Paul Vandervet
646 (1.50%) |  |  |  | Gerry Martiniuk |
| Guelph |  | Liz Sandals
**20 346 (40.92%)** |  | Bob Senechal
12 180 (24.49%) |  | Karan Mann-Bowers
6 880 (13.84%) |  | Ben Polley
9 750 (19.61%) |  | John Gots
405 (0.81%) |  | Drew Garvie (Comm.)
166 (0.33%) |  | Liz Sandals |
| Haldimand—
Norfolk |  | Lorraine Bergstrand
9 536 (22.23%) |  | Toby Barrett
**26 135 (60.92%)** |  | Jan Watson
4 546 (10.60%) |  | Chad Squizzado
2 230 (5.20%) |  | Steve Elgersma
457 (1.07%) |  |  |  | Toby Barrett |
| Huron—
Bruce |  | Carol Mitchell
**20 469 (45.95%)** |  | Rob Morley
13 606 (30.54%) |  | Paul Klopp
5 932 (13.32%) |  | Victoria Serda
2 911 (6.53%) |  | Dave Joslin
1 035 (2.32%) |  | Dennis Valenta (Ind)
393 (0.88%)
Ronald John Stephens (Ind)
202 (0.45%) |  | Carol Mitchell |
| Kitchener Centre |  | John Milloy
**17 484 (45.90%)** |  | Matt Stanson
9 717 (25.51%) |  | Rick Moffitt
6 707 (17.61%) |  | Daniel Logan
3 162 (8.30%) |  | Bill Bernhardt
599 (1.57%) |  | J.D. McGuire (Ind)
425 (1.12%) |  | John Milloy |
| Kitchener—
Conestoga |  | Leeanna Pendergast
**16 315 (41.82%)** |  | Michael Harris
14 450 (37.04%) |  | Mark Cairns
4 545 (11.65%) |  | Colin Jones
2 805 (7.19%) |  | Len Solomon
510 (1.31%) |  | Larry Stevens (Libert)
246 (0.63%)
David Driver (Freedom)
145 (0.37%) |  | *new district* |
| Kitchener—
Waterloo |  | Louise Ervin
15 848 (31.20%) |  | Elizabeth Witmer
**20 748 (40.84%)** |  | Catherine Fife
8 902 (17.52%) |  | Judy Greenwood-Speers
4 707 (9.27%) |  | Lou Reitzel
598 (1.18%) |  |  |  | Elizabeth Witmer |
| Oxford |  | Brian Jackson
11 455 (29.36%) |  | Ernie Hardeman
**18 445 (47.27%)** |  | Michael Comeau
4 421 (11.33%) |  | Tom Mayberry
3 441 (8.82%) |  | Leonard VanderHoeven
601 (1.54%) |  | Jim Bender (Ind)
659 (1.69%) |  | Ernie Hardeman |
| Perth—
Wellington |  | John Wilkinson
**18 096 (46.65%)** |  | John Rutherford
12 338 (31.81%) |  | Donna Hansen
3 912 (10.09%) |  | Anita Payne
3 051 (7.87%) |  | Pat Bannon
776 (2.00%) |  | Rob Smink (Freedom)
399 (1.03%)
Kevin Allman (Ind)
217 (0.56%) |  | John Wilkinson |
| Wellington—
Halton Hills |  | Marg Bentley
13 312 (30.39%) |  | Ted Arnott
**21 533 (49.16%)** |  | Noel Duignan
3 914 (8.94%) |  | Martin Lavictoire
4 489 (10.25%) |  | **Giuseppe Gori**
555 (1.27%) |  |  |  | Ted Arnott |

### Southwestern Ontario

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Chatham-Kent—
Essex |  | Pat Hoy
**18 782 (51.98%)** |  | Doug Jackson
10 367 (28.69%) |  | Murray Gaudreau
4 601 (12.73%) |  | Ken Bell
2 054 (5.69%) |  | Mark Morin
(Wikinews interview)
326 (0.90%) |  |  |  | Pat Hoy |
| Elgin—
Middlesex—
London |  | **Steve Peters**
**20 085 (49.10%)** |  | Bill Fehr
12 460 (30.5%) |  | Brad James
4 643 (11.46%) |  | Devin Kelly
3 363 (8.22%) |  |  |  | Ray Monteith (Freedom)
353 (0.86%) |  | **Steve Peters** |
| Essex |  | Bruce Crozier
**19 970 (48.02%)** |  | Richard Kniaziew
10 400 (25.01)%) |  | John Grima
8 638 (20.77%) |  | Jessica Fracassi
2 220 (5.34%) |  |  |  | Aaron Parent (Libert)
358 (0.86%) |  | Bruce Crozier |
| Lambton—
Kent—
Middlesex |  | Maria Van Bommel
**18 228 (43.2%)** |  | Monte McNaughton
15 295 (36.27%) |  | Joyce Joliffe
4 520 (10.73%) |  | James Armstrong
3 329 (7.90%) |  | Bill McMaster
(Wikinews interview)
549 (1.30%) |  | Brad Harness (Reform)
209 (0.50%) |  | Maria Van Bommel |
| London North Centre |  | Deb Matthews
**21 669 (47.17%)** |  | Rob Alder
10 897 (23.72%) |  | Stephen Holmes
7 649 (16.65%) |  | Brett McKenzie
5 720 (12.45%) |  |  |  |  |  | Deb Matthews |
| London—
Fanshawe |  | Khalil Ramal
**13 742 (38.68%)** |  | Jim Chapman
(Wikinews interview)
9 760 (27.5%) |  | Stephen Maynard
9 350 (26.32%) |  | Daniel O'Neail
2 548 (7.17%) |  |  |  | Ma'in Sinan (Ind)
129 (0.36%) |  | Khalil Ramal |
| London West |  | **Chris Bentley**
**25 967 (52.42%)** |  | Allison Graham
12 011 (24.25%) |  | Paul Pighin
5 562 (11.23%) |  | Gary Brown
5 184 (10.47%) |  | Andrew Jezierski
267 (0.54%) |  | **Paul McKeever** (Freedom)
234 (0.47%)
Mike Reynolds (Ind)
201 (0.41%)
Chris Gupta (Republican)
106 (0.21%) |  | **Chris Bentley** |
| Sarnia—
Lambton |  | **Caroline Di Cocco**
12 443 (29.41%) |  | Bob Bailey
**16 145 (38.16%)** |  | Barb Millitt
11 349 (26.82%) |  | Tim von Bodegom
2 376 (5.62%) |  |  |  |  |  | **Caroline Di Cocco** |
| Windsor—
Tecumseh |  | **Dwight Duncan**
**17 894 (50.19%)** |  | Kristine Robinson
6 106 (16.84%) |  | Helmi Charif
8 836 (24.36%) |  | Andrew McAvoy
(Wikinews interview)
2 696 (7.43%) |  | John Curtin
735 (2.03%) |  |  |  | **Dwight Duncan** |
| Windsor West |  | **Sandra Pupatello**
**16 821 (50.19%)** |  | Lisa Lumley
5 652 (16.86%) |  | Mariano Klimowicz
8 604 (25.67%) |  | Jason Haney
1 974 (5.89%) |  | Daniel Dionne
463 (1.38%) |  |  |  | **Sandra Pupatello** |

### Northern Ontario

| Electoral district | Candidates | | | | | | | | | | | | Incumbent | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | | PC | | NDP | | Green | | Family Coalition | | Other | | |
| Algoma—
Manitoulin |  | Mike Brown
**11 361 (42.56%)** |  | Ronald Swain
3 744 (14.02%) |  | Peter Denley
9 863 (36.95%) |  | Ron Yurick
1 374 (5.15%) |  | Ray Scott
354 (1.33%) |  |  |  | Mike Brown |
| Kenora—
Rainy River |  | Mike Wood
5 752 (24.42%) |  | Penny Lucas
(Wikinews interview)
2 757 (11.70%) |  | **Howard Hampton**
**14 281 (60.62%)** |  | Jo Jo Holiday
769 (3.26%) |  |  |  |  |  | **Howard Hampton** |
| Nickel Belt |  | Ron Dupuis
12 364 (38.08%) |  | Renée Germain
3 263 (10.05%) |  | France Gélinas
**15 126 (46.59%)** |  | Fred Twilley
1 374 (4.23%) |  | Richard St. Denis
341 (1.05%) |  |  |  | Shelley Martel |
| Nipissing |  | Monique Smith
**13 781 (42.11%)** |  | Bill Vrebosch
13 323 (40.71%) |  | Henri Giroux
4 136 (12.64%) |  | Amy Brownridge
1 248 (3.81%) |  | Suzanne Plouffe
238 (0.73%) |  |  |  | Monique Smith |
| Parry Sound—
Muskoka |  | Brenda Rhodes
9 819 (26.73%) |  | Norm Miller
**17 348 (47.22%)** |  | Sara Hall
5 015 (13.65%) |  | Matt Richter
4 557 (12.40%) |  |  |  |  |  | Norm Miller |
| Sault Ste. Marie |  | David Orazietti
**19 316 (60.13%)** |  | Josh Pringle
2 349 (7.31%) |  | Jeff Arbus
8 475 (26.38%) |  | Andre Reopel
1 377 (4.29%) |  | Bil Murphy
605 (1.88%) |  |  |  | David Orazietti |
| Sudbury |  | **Rick Bartolucci**
**19 307 (58.77%)** |  | Louis Delongchamp
2 605 (7.93%) |  | Dave Battaino
8 914 (27.13%) |  | David Sylvester
1 608 (4.89%) |  | Carita Murphy-
Marketos
293 (0.89%) |  | J. David Popescu (Ind)
124 (0.38%) |  | **Rick Bartolucci** |
| Thunder Bay—
Atikokan |  | Bill Mauro
**10 928 (37.69%)** |  | Rebecca Johnson
5 918 (20.41%) |  | John Rafferty
10 878 (37.52%) |  | Russ Aegard
(Wikinews interview)
1 270 (4.38%) |  |  |  |  |  | Bill Mauro |
| Thunder Bay—
Superior North |  | Michael Gravelle
**13 373 (46.78%)** |  | Scott Hobbs
2 688 (9.40%) |  | Jim Foulds
10 938 (38.26%) |  | Dawn Kannegiesser
1 586 (5.55%) |  |  |  |  |  | Michael Gravelle |
| Timiskaming—
Cochrane |  | **David Ramsay**
**11 588 (42.90%)** |  | Doug Shearer
3 659 (13.55%) |  | John Vanthof
10 954 (40.55%) |  | Patrick East
811 (3.00%) |  |  |  |  |  | **David Ramsay** |
| Timmins—
James Bay |  | Pat Boucher
9 729 (38.10%) |  | Steve Kidd
2 191 (8.58%) |  | Gilles Bisson
**13 176 (51.60%)** |  | Larry Verner
437 (1.71%) |  |  |  |  |  | Gilles Bisson |

## InfoBox

Candidates of the 2007 Ontario general election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Reticulate plump-bodied gecko

abstract: The reticulate plump-bodied gecko is a species of gecko endemic to Pakistan. It is sometimes placed in the genus Cyrtopodion.

text:
# Reticulate plump-bodied gecko

The **reticulate plump-bodied gecko** (***Cyrtodactylus battalensis***) is a species of gecko endemic to Pakistan. It is sometimes placed in the genus Cyrtopodion.

## InfoBox

| Reticulate plump-bodied gecko | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | Gekkonidae |
| Genus: | *Cyrtodactylus* |
| Species: | ***C. battalensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cyrtodactylus battalensis***<br>(Khan, 1993) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Cyrtopodion battalensis* * *Cyrtopodion battalense* * *Siwaligekko battalensis* * *Tenuidactylus battalensis* | |


title: Reva (film)

abstract: Reva: A Journey Within is a 2018 Gujarati adventure drama film starring Chetan Dhanani and Monal Gajjar produced by Brainbox Studios and Baroda Talkies. The film is based on Gujarati author Dhruv Bhatt's 1998 Gujarati novel Tatvamasi. The film was directed by Rahul Bhole and Vinit Kanojia. It was released on 6 April 2018 to highly positive critic reviews praising performances of cast, story and cinematography and positive commercial acclaim too. The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati.

text:
# Reva (film)

***Reva: A Journey Within*** is a 2018 Gujarati adventure drama film starring Chetan Dhanani and Monal Gajjar produced by Brainbox Studios and Baroda Talkies. The film is based on Gujarati author Dhruv Bhatt's 1998 Gujarati novel *Tatvamasi*. The film was directed by Rahul Bhole and Vinit Kanojia. It was released on 6 April 2018 to highly positive critic reviews praising performances of cast, story and cinematography and positive commercial acclaim too. The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati.

## Plot

Karan is a spoiled rich 25-year-old American NRI who has an extravagant life with his needs being at the centre of his world. His grandfather passes away and leaves all his wealth in his will to a charity, an Ashram located at the banks of the Narmada River in India. The only way he could get his wealth back was to convince the Ashram to sign a No Objection Certificate. Thus, Karan embarks on a journey to the remote Ashram with little expectation of the adventures he was about to encounter that would set in motion events beyond his control.

## Cast

* Chetan Dhanani as Karan
* Monal Gajjar as Supriya
* Yatin Karyekar as Shashtriji
* Muni Jha as Lawyer
* Daya Shankar Pandey as Gandu Fakir
* Sejal Shah as Vanita (Supriya's mother)
* Abhinay Banker as Banga
* Atul Mahale as Bittu
* Subhash Brahmbhatt as Dada
* Firoz Bhagat as Mehta Uncle
* Rupa Borgaonkar as Puriya
* Prashant Barot as Guptaji
* Malhar Thakar \- Special appearance as Parikramavasi

## Production

The film is based on Gujarati author Dhruv Bhatt's 1998 Gujarati novel *Tatvamasi.* The directors found the number of characters and the philosophy of novel challenging to adapt for the film. The author had permitted them for changes. The screenplay was written by the directors. The film was shot at 15 different locations in Gujarat (GJ) and Madhya Pradesh (MP), most on the banks of river Narmada, including Bhedaghat, Gaurighat, Maheshwar Ghat and Mangrol. Some scenes were shot at Polo Forest and inside Naida Caves on the Diu island.

## Soundtrack

| Reva | |
| --- | --- |
| Soundtrack album by Amar Khanda | |
| Released | 3 March 2018 (2018-03-03) |
| Recorded | 2018 |
| Genre | Feature film soundtrack |
| Length | 21:35 |
| Language | Gujarati |
| Label | Red Ribbon Musik |
| Producer | Paresh Vyas |
| External audio  Official Audio Jukebox on YouTube | |

All music is composed by Amar Khanda

Track listing
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Singer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Maa Reva Journey" | Chetan Dhanani | Kirtidan Gadhvi | 3:22 |
| 2. | "Reva Title Track" | Chetan Dhanani | Divya Kumar | 3:42 |
| 3. | "Namami Devi Narmade" | Chetan Dhanani,
Traditional Shlokas | Bhavya Pandit, Shalaka Redkar, Sriram Iyer | 4:12 |
| 4. | "Sangeet Jalso (Daras Piya Si)" | Pankaj Trivedi | Arpita Mukherjee | 5:05 |
| 5. | "Uth Jaag Musafir" | Chetan Dhanani | Shahzan Mujeeb, Archana Shrikanth | 3:43 |
| 6. | "Kaalo Bhammariyo" | Traditional Folk | Arohi Mhatre | 2:44 |
| Total length: | | | | 21:35 |

## Release

The film was released on 6 April 2018 across Gujarat and Maharashtra. The film grossed over 3 crore (US$360,000) on the box office.

## Reception

The film opened to the positive reviews. Shruti Jambhekar of *The Times of India* giving in 4.5 out of 5. She praised story and adaptation, performances and cinematography. *DeshGujarat* also give it 4.5 out of 5 and also praised its music. Ketan Mistry writing for *Chitralekha* magazine also praised the adaptation.

The film won National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati at the 66th National Film Awards.

## InfoBox

| Reva | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Rahul Bhole
Vinit Kanojia |
| Written by | Rahul Bhole
Vinit Kanojia |
| Based on | *Tatvamasi* by Dhruv Bhatt |
| Produced by | Paresh Vora |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Suraj C Kurade |
| Edited by | Rahul Bhole
Vinit Kanojia |
| Music by | Amar Khanda |
| Production
companies | Brainbox Studios
Baroda Talkies |
| Distributed by | AA Films |
| Release date | * 6 April 2018 (2018-04-06) |
| Running time | 158 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Gujarati |
| Budget | $441000 |
| Box office | 3 crore (US$360,000) |