title: Destruction of art in Afghanistan

text:
# Destruction of art in Afghanistan

Afghanistan is uniquely situated as a throughway of cultures throughout its history due to it geographic placement in South Asia. Afghanistan's location lends porous borders to trade routes between the East and West, while the Silk Road providing a vector for Buddhism and Hellenistic culture and even Egyptian influences from the west, renders an amalgamation of culture and art. Perpetual invasion and conflict has rendered a cyclic continuum of renaissance and destruction of art and culture in Afghanistan.

## Historicity of Afghanistan's art

> How wonderful that people show interest in our past, it means there is hope for the future.
>
> an Afghan refugee in Peshwar, 1994

Much of Afghanistan's art can be traced back through the invasions, occupations and dynasties that so frequently have ravaged the country. Afghanistan has been a crossroads of cultures that make up the colorfully robust and dynamic foundation of Afghan art. These civilizations include, but are not limited to the empires and kingdoms that comprise Afghanistan's political origins as a modern state. The more renowned, larger regional empires include the Achaemenid Empire, the Macedonian Empire, the Indian Maurya Empire, the Islamic Empire and the Sassanid Empire. Like the empires, Afghanistan's transient and nomadic kingdoms and dynasties that rose to power (see Greco-Bactrians, Kushans, Hephthalites, Turk Shahis, Saffarids, Samanids, Ghaznavids, Ghurids, Kartids, Timurids, Mughals, Hotaki dynasty and Durrani dynasty), helped shape the development of Afghan art as well as its preservation and destruction.

## Soviet invasion/occupation

The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979 and exacted a staunch interpretation of art that stifled creativity in the 1980s during the Soviet backed regime in Afghanistan from 1979-1989. Throughout this time thousands of pieces of art were pillaged, looted or mysteriously disappeared during the ten year occupation. During the Soviet era, from 1979 through 1992, and the initial rise of the Taliban, only one archeological excavation was carried out in Kabul at Tepe Maranjan.

### Destruction of ancient archeological sites

#### Hadda and the Stupa-monastery complex of Tepe Shortor

In the first years of the Soviet occupation several ancient sites, previously explored by French and Afghan archeologists, were ransacked by the pro-Russian government and destitute villagers. The ancient sites included in the ransack and pillaging, which ultimately would continue through and even after the Taliban regime, were the stupa-monastery complex of Tepe Shortor, Hadda, Ai Khanoum, Bactres and Tepe Marandjan.

Famous for its intricate Graeco-Buddhist sculptures and reliefs, the archeological site Hadda is in Gandhara an ancient state in what is now north-eastern Afghanistan, 10 kilometers from the present day city of Jalalabad (adjacent the Khyber Pass). This site was excavated in the 1930s and 1970s where approximately 23,000 clay and plaster sculptures were found. These findings exemplified elements of Buddhism and Hellenism in a near perfect traditional Hellenistic style comparable to the sculptures found at the Temple of Apollo in Bassae, Greece. It is said that Hadda sustained significant damage in the Afghan Civil war and was destroyed in its entirety in 1980.

Tepe Shortor is a Buddhist monastery and stupa complex located at Hadda that was excavated between 1974 and 1979 by Afghan, and later French, archeologists. It is positioned midpoint on the main road from Kabul to Kandahar. The site consisted of an entire ancient town, numerous Buddhist stupas and caves decorated with elaborate stucco figures dated to the second century CE. Looters and pillagers have systematically destroyed the site in addition to some illegal, clandestine excavations. Those statues that were too large to remove were smashed, and the small statues were taken to Pakistani bazaars to be sold. Remains above the plateau, where the site is situated, are Buddhist temple sites including Tapa-Kalan, Tapa-i-Kafariha, Bagh-gai, Chakhil-i-Gundi, deh-Ghundi and Gar-Nao.

#### Ai Khanoum

The ancient site of Ai Khanoum is thought to be the historical Alexandria on the Oxus, founded in the fourth century BC as a result of the conquests of Alexander the Great. The Graeco-Bactrian site stood on the left bank of the Oxus river at its meeting point with the Kokcha tributary, rendering it a strategically placed military outpost to control the eastern territories of Alexander the Great's ancient Bactria. The topographic prowess of city complex provided a natural acropolis spanning 60 meters higher than the surrounding areas while two rivers form the west and south provided protection. And for the past 20 years, the world-renowned site in northern Afghanistan has been the target of systematic illicit digs.

Some of the most significant contributions toward the understanding of Greek presence in Bactria were provided by the discoveries made at Ai Khanoum, and as some claim, demonstrated how the Greek artists of Ai Khanoum not only had an affinity for the Greek traditions but also perpetuated a classical style. The slow devastation of Ai Khanoum began with treasure profiteers who had metal detectors brought into the country, originally designed to seek out landmines, but were used instead to hunt the ancient soils. Corinthian and Doric capitals unearthed by French archeologists were taken away and recycled as bases for the columns in tcha-khan while hundreds of ivory pieces, jewelry, intaglios, plaster medallions, bronze items, precious coins and statuettes have found their way to Pakistani bazaars and private collections. Historian and numismatist, Osmund Bopearachchi describes the gravity of loss: "The objects that I have seen personally in Pakistani bazaars do not represent one-tenth of the artifacts that have been dispersed in international art markets."

To date, some of the looted or otherwise removed pieces from Ai Khanoum have been found and restored. However, the architectural infrastructure of the lower city is destroyed in its entirety. Craters now occupy the space where Ai Khanoum's lower city once existed.

#### Mir Zakah Treasure

A rare find in Mir Zakah, located in Pakhtia province on the Pakistan border is loosely related to the numismatic knowledge of the Greco-Bactrian era, for which Ai Khanoum provided significant insight. Between 1992 and 1995 one of the largest deposit of coins known in the history of currencies was discovered at the bottom of a well. The circumstances surrounding the treasure's discovery remain unknown to this day. The coin deposit is calculated to contain more than four tons of minted metal, near 550,000 coins of mostly silver and bronze and 350 kilograms of gold. The numismatic travesty of this profound discovery is, according to reliable sources, two and a half tons of the coins had been taken to Switzerland for sale.

### The National Kabul Museum

Beginning during the Soviet occupation that carried through the Taliban insurgence, it is said the Kabul Museum was arguably one of the greatest casualties Afghanistan suffered. As a result of the Soviet and Taliban occupation, more than two thirds of the museums treasures and artifacts were lost or destroyed. During this period of political complication, the museum agonized greatly from its location in the suburbs of Kabul as it was on the frontline of much of the Soviet combat. Until 1992, more than one hundred thousand objects belonging to periods from prehistory to twentieth century were conserved and partially displayed in the museum. From 1992 onward, more than 70 percent of objects in the National Museums collection and 100 percent of the objects deposited in the Archeological Institute, located nearby, were plundered and exported to bordering countries for sale. Meanwhile, clandestine excavations took place throughout the country where the artifacts were illicitly trafficked into international black markets.

In February 2001, a motorcade of vehicles stopped in front of the museum where the minister of finance, the minister of culture and his adjunct, and the infamous Mollah Khari Faiz ur-Rahamn who slapped the Bodhisattva in the summer of 2001, ordered that the storeroom of the museum be opened. According to a staff member who witnessed the scene, "As they entered the storeroom, they snarled in excitement and started to smash everything while chanting 'Allahu Akbar'"

In May 1993, The National Museum was destroyed by several rockets that penetrated the roof, top floor and most of the building doors and windows. Shortly thereafter it was looted where more than four thousand objects deposited in the storerooms of the museum for safe keeping were stolen. Nearby, the Institute of Archaeology was also severely damaged. Philippe Flandrin describes the looting process in which the storerooms of the museum were systematically emptied:

> Three quarters of the collections that have been found were removed without any iconoclastic intent. The pillaging of the museum follows the same surgical rules as the looting of castles. It is carried out with method and order, under the guidance of professional thieves who take care to salvage, along with the valuable, the corresponding catalogs and inventories that identify the stolen items.

## Taliban insurgence/occupation

Upon the resurgence of Taliban rule from 1996-2001 the ban on most forms of art and cultural expression was immediately implemented. The Taliban's war on art was inspired by the Koran. The Koran forbids the portrayal of living things, whereby drawing or sculpting living things is recognized as a direct affront to the Almighty. Among the initial acts of removal were dragging paintings out of homes, book burnings containing art work, public execution to TV sets and the discontinuation of music. In 1996, at the very beginning of the Taliban's rise to power, the entire card catalog archiving the art at the Afghan National Museum was burned in order to keep the rebels warm. The systematic destruction of museums and their collections, to include film archives were purged to cleanse them of the "unIslamic" depiction of the living and human form. In addition to the bans on tangible and visual art mediums, social and cultural expressions such as kite flying and owning pet birds were similarly forbidden. For women, an edict was issued banning make-up and high heels in the Afghan capital where the Department of Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice was installed to ensure strict compliance. The Ministry administrators regularly beat women who disobeyed these dress-code laws. Even a decade after the end of the Taliban's official regime ended, beauty parlors in Afghanistan's capital, Kabul, do their best to hide go unnoticed by Taliban sympathizers.

### Destruction of texts and artifacts

Through 1992, Taliban attacks and looting of the National Museum of Afghanistan resulted in a loss of 70% of the 100,000 artifacts of Afghan culture and history.

On 11 August 1998, the Taliban destroyed the Puli Khumri Public Library. The library contained over 55,000 books and old manuscripts and was considered by Afghans as one of the most valuable and beautiful collections of their nation and their culture.

In October 2001, Taliban was reported to have destroyed at least 2,750 ancient works of art at the National Museum of Afghanistan during the year.

### The Giant Buddhas of Bamiyan

The obliteration of the giant Buddhas of Bamiyan also known as the "Bamiyan Massacre" is arguably the most devastating act by the Taliban against the history of Afghanistan. In March 2001, supreme Taliban leader Mullah Mohammed Omar issued an edict against un-Islamic graven images, including but not limited to, all idolatrous images of humans and animals. The well-coordinated and media sensationalized dynamiting of the giant Buddhas was the Taliban's outwardly dramatic expression of their quest to exterminate all "idolatrous" and unIslamic images from Afghanistan's pre-Islamic past. The destruction ancient art, like the peaceful giants, was seen by Taliban radicals as the fulfillment of Koranic law.

Dated to the seventh century BC, the Colossi were cut at what is conceived to be an immeasurable cost into the towering, sandstone cliffs surrounding Bamiyan. Located at the center of a long valley, separating the mountain ranges of Hindu Kush and Koh-i-Baba, the taller of the two statues (approximately 53 meters/175 feet) is thought to represent Vairocana while the shorter one (approximately 36 meters/120 feet) most likely represents Buddha Sakyamuni, although the local Hazara people believe it embodies a woman. In the height of their existence, the two colossi rendered an awesome sight situated in a cliff with innumerable caves on either side of them while visible for miles with giant copper plated accents and brightly painted garments, as the statues were naturally illuminated both day and night. The Buddhas were seen as transcendental images and key symbols in the rise of Mahayana Buddhist teachings, the antithesis of Taliban belief construct and rule of law.

In 1998, a Taliban commander fired grenades at the smaller statue, severing its upper half. The Taliban bombed the mountain above the statues frequently, cracking the enclaves that held the statues and damaging the colossi further. By winter 2001, pleas were raining down on the Taliban from around the world to spare the statues.

Mullah Mohammad Omar, leader of the Taliban Islamic militia in Afghanistan, dismissed the international pleas of the art and historical preservation world community with regard to saving the world-renowned Buddhas from imminent destruction. Despite international condemnation, Mullah Omar ordered the ancient Buddhas to be destroyed per the judgment of the clergymen and the ruling of the supreme court of the Islamic Emirate (Taliban).

On February 26, 2001, the Taliban's supreme leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar, declared, "these idols have been gods of the infidels" and ordered them destroyed.

> Based on the verdict of the clergymen and the decision of the supreme court of the Islamic Emirate (Taliban) all the statues around Afghanistan must be destroyed.
>
> According to Islam, I don't worry about anything. My job is the implementation of Islamic order. The breaking of statues is an Islamic order and I have given this decision in the light of a fatwa of the ulema (clerics) and the supreme court of Afghanistan. Islamic law is the only law acceptable to me.
>
> Only Allah, the Almighty, deserves to be worshipped, not anyone or anything else.
>
> Mullah Mohammad Omar

Explosives, tanks, and anti-aircraft weapons blew apart two colossal images of the Buddha in Bamiyan Province, 230 kilometers (150 miles) from the capital of Kabul. Broken pieces of the statues and fragments of the beautiful paintings that decorated the niches were subsequently offered for sale in the Peshawar bazaar. By early March 2001, the colossi were rubble.

#### Response and resurrection for the Bamiyan Buddhas

After the demise of the two colossi in 2001, Dr. Zemaryalai Tarzi, an Afghan archeologist that fled to France upon the Soviet invasion, made the decision to return to Afghanistan and search out an elusive piece of Afghanistan's history, the Sleeping Buddha of Bamiyan. The last time the Sleeping Buddha was seen was approximately 630 CE when it was recorded in the journal of Xuanzang, a Chinese pilgrim who traveled to central Afghanistan in the seventh century CE.

Prior to the Soviet invasion in 1979, Professor Tarzi had already spent three decades of study and completed extensive restoration on the standing Buddhas of Bamiyan's. Devastated by the Taliban's indiscriminate destruction of the two standing Buddhas, Dr. Tarzi used the ancient texts from the journal of Xuanzang to locate the suspected area of the ancient Buddhist monastery, housing the sleeping Buddha. Professor Tarzi sought to offer up the discovery and resurrection of the mythological sleeping Buddha of Bamiyan to the Taliban as a response to the terror exacted on the other colossals, affectionately known as the sleeping Buddha's "Brothers".

Due to the intricate detail and accuracy of Xuanzang's immaculately preserved 1,400-year-old journal of the Bamiyan Buddhas, Professor Tarzi mapped out the locations for test sites in search for Xuanzang's descriptions of a giant reclining Buddha nearby. (3)(4) After three years of test sites, in the summer of 2008, Professor Tarzi discovered the remains of the 19-meter-long reclining Buddha statue within the foundations of an ancient Buddhist temple less than two kilometers from the niches where Bamiyan's two giant Buddha statues once stood.

Although saved from the ravages of war and conflict, the sleeping colossal did not escape significant injury. Due to the fact very little is known about the sleeping Buddha it is difficult for archeologists to ascertain the exact causes of the damages, however, Professor Tarzi assessed the majority of the impairment is simple deterioration from time and the elements.

> Most of the parts are damaged. But we discovered a piece from the upper right arm down to the elbow. We discovered its neck and its shoulders. But the head is broken because of water damage beneath the ground. Still, the pillow he is sleeping on is in perfect condition. Tarzi

## Future of Afghanistan's art, cultural heritage and identity

Little is certain on the survival and preservation of Afghanistan's cultural heritage through the mediums of art and architecture. However, much is being done to reinstitute art studios, traditional clay sculpting schools and archeological foundations in order to reopen the doors and expand upon Afghanistan's lost, forgotten or otherwise suppressed traditional teachings and cultural heritage. In 2002, UNESCO was charged with the task of rehabilitating Afghanistan's scarred cultural heritage that underwent incredible loss and irreversible damage during two continuous decades of war and civil unrest. Despite ongoing operations to thwart Taliban resurgence attempts, UNESCO is entrusted by the existing Afghan government to coordinate all international efforts to aiming to safeguard and enhance Afghanistan's cultural heritage. UNESCO's strategy includes assisting in the re-establishment of links between the populations in order to develop a sense of common ownership of monuments, artifacts and historical sites that represent the cultural heritage of different segments of Afghan society. To date, the expenditures of UNESCO's funding and alternative forms of assistance well exceed the 7 million committed at the Kabul Seminar in May 2002.

> It may be argued that in the face of millions of displaced Afghans, large scale impoverishment, homelessness, unemployment and injustice, not to mention the almost total destruction of basic national infrastructure and the continued instability, factionalism and international division, cultural heritage is the least of Afghanistan's priorities. Why bother about the ancient Buddha statues when ordinary Afghans are starving here and now? But a nation's cultural identity cannot be so easily dismissed: the past, the monuments, the history, the art treasures are as essential in establishing national unity and self-confidence as basic infrastructure is…This not only applies to new nations: the importance of Firdausi and Persepolis to Iran's identity, or Homer and the Parthenon to Greece's or the Great Wall to China's, need hardly emphasizing. The glories and achievements of the Kushan or the Ghaznavid civilizations are far more a part of Afghanistan's identity than the Taliban, the factionalism or the fighting are… If the last decades of Afghanistan's history have demonstrated nothing else, t is the need for a strong, unified cultural identity and cohesiveness. The role of its cultural heritage is essential in this.

Excavators at the Buddhist site of Mes Aynak have been denounced as "promoting Buddhism" and threatened by the Taliban and many of the Afghan excavators who are working for purely financial reasons don't feel any connection to the Buddhist artifacts.

## Bibliography


title: Reedy Branch (Trent River tributary)

abstract: Reedy Branch is a 4.47 mi (7.19 km) long 1st order tributary to the Trent River in Craven County, North Carolina. This stream forms the boundary of Jones and Craven Counties for a large portion of its length.

text:
# Reedy Branch (Trent River tributary)

**Reedy Branch** is a 4.47 mi (7.19 km) long 1st order tributary to the Trent River in Craven County, North Carolina. This stream forms the boundary of Jones and Craven Counties for a large portion of its length.

## Course

Reedy Branch rises about 3 miles south of Timothy Chapel, North Carolina in Croatan National Forest and then flows north to join the Trent River across from Trent Woods.

## Watershed

Reedy Branch drains 5.79 square miles (15.0 km2) of area, receives about 54.9 in/year of precipitation, has a wetness index of 583.01, and is about 23% forested.

## InfoBox

| Reedy Branch
Tributary to Trent River | |
| --- | --- |
| Location of Reedy Branch mouthReedy Branch (Trent River tributary) (the United States) | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | North Carolina |
| County | Craven
Jones |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source | Black Branch divide |
| location | about 3 miles south of Timothy Chapel, North Carolina |
| coordinates | 35°00′58″N 077°06′04″W / 35.01611°N 77.10111°W / 35.01611; -77.10111 |
| elevation | 33 ft (10 m) |
|  | |
| Mouth | Trent River |
| location | across the Trent River from Trent Woods, North Carolina |
| coordinates | 35°04′21″N 077°06′48″W / 35.07250°N 77.11333°W / 35.07250; -77.11333 |
| elevation | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Length | 4.47 mi (7.19 km) |
| Basin size | 5.79 square miles (15.0 km2) |
|  | |
| Discharge |  |
| location | Trent River |
| average | 8.82 cu ft/s (0.250 m3/s) at mouth with Trent River |
|  | |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Trent RiverNeuse RiverPamlico SoundAtlantic Ocean |
| River system | Neuse River |
| Tributaries |  |
| left | unnamed tributaries |
| right | unnamed tributaries |
| Bridges | Countyline Road, Murphy Road, Crump Farm Road |


title: Qin Yukun

abstract: Qin Yukun was a Chinese engineer who was a professor at Harbin Institute of Technology, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

text:
# Qin Yukun

**Qin Yukun** (Chinese: 秦裕琨; pinyin: *Qín Yùkūn*; 30 May 1933 – 13 November 2023) was a Chinese engineer who was a professor at Harbin Institute of Technology, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

## Biography

Qin was born in Shanghai, on 30 May 1933, while his ancestral home in Yangzhou, Jiangsu. In 1949, he was accepted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiaotong University, where he graduated in 1953. In July of that same year, he entered the graduate class of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology and also participated in the establishment of the Department of Boiler (later changed to Department of Thermal Energy Engineering).

After university in 1956, he stayed for teaching. He was an assistant in September 1956, lecturer in September 1961, associate professor in September 1978, and eventually professor in May 1985. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in November 1981. He was made director and party branch secretary of the Department of Power Engineering in March 1987 and subsequently dean in May 1990. He rose to become vice president of the institute in October 1990.

On 13 November 2023, he died of an illness in Harbin, Heilongjiang, at the age of 90.

## Honours and awards

* 1985 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Third Class) for the development of a 130t/h fluidized bed boiler for power generation.
* 2000 State Technological Invention Award (Second Class) for the risk controlled combustion technology for thick and thin coal powder.
* 2001 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
* 2015 State Technological Invention Award (Second Class) for the high performance center feeding swirl coal powder combustion technology.

### Bibliography

* Ji Xing (吉星); He Bifei (何苾菲) (2022). 秦裕琨传——一生强国梦 \[*Biography of Qin Yukun*\] (in Chinese). Harbin, Heilongjiang: Harbin Institute of Technology Press. ISBN 9787560398891.

## InfoBox

| Qin Yukun | |
| --- | --- |
| 秦裕琨 | |
| Born | (1933-05-30)30 May 1933
Shanghai, China |
| Died | 13 November 2023(2023-11-13) (aged 90)
Harbin, Heilongjiang, China |
| Alma mater | Jiaotong University
Harbin Institute of Technology |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Thermal energy engineering
Combustion science |
| Institutions | Harbin Institute of Technology |
|  | |


title: Santa Terezinha, Santa Catarina

abstract: Santa Terezinha is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.

text:
# Santa Terezinha, Santa Catarina

**Santa Terezinha** is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.

## InfoBox

| Santa Terezinha | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Location in Santa Catarina state | |
| Santa TerezinhaLocation in Brazil | |
| Coordinates: 26°46′44″S 50°0′28″W / 26.77889°S 50.00778°W / -26.77889; -50.00778 | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Region | South |
| State | Santa Catarina |
| Population (2020 ) | |
| Total | 8,773 |
| Time zone | UTC-03:00 (BRT) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-02:00 (BRST) |


title: SWNS Media Group

abstract: SWNS Media Group is a British news agency and media company with six subdivisions, including SWNS, 72point, InsideMedia, OATH, OnePoll and Talk to the Press. The company operates from offices in Bristol, Plymouth, Leeds, Solihull, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Cambridge and London. As of 2015, SWNS employed around 100 reporters and photographers.

text:
# SWNS Media Group

**SWNS Media Group** (also known as **South West News Service**) is a British news agency and media company with six subdivisions, including SWNS, 72point, InsideMedia, OATH, OnePoll and Talk to the Press.

The company operates from offices in Bristol, Plymouth, Leeds, Solihull, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Cambridge and London. As of 2015, SWNS employed around 100 reporters and photographers.

## History

It was founded as the Bristol Agency in the early 1970s. It is now run by partners Andrew Young, Paul Walters and Martin Winter.

In 2010 SWNS launched the website SWNS.com (Small World News Service) as a first hand source of current affairs and general interest news.

In 2016 SWNS acquired the regional agencies Masons News Service, Newsteam International, Ross Parry, National News, Centre Press and Northscot.

## Organisation

SWNS has two public relations divisions: 72Point and Inside Media, market research company OnePoll, also OATH and Talk to The Press.

SWNS has a relationship with the alternative news website venture The London Economic, though it is understood not to leverage any editorial control.

## Criticism

In 2023, SWNS Media Group's 72Point faced criticism over the transparency and ethics of its content generation practices following the discovery of articles attributed to 72Point's staff members on news websites.

## InfoBox

SWNS Media Group
| Company type | Privately held company |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | News agency |
| Founded | Early 1970s |
| Headquarters | London, UK |
| Key people | Andrew Young, Paul Walters, Martin Winter |
| Number of employees | 100 (2015) |
| Subsidiaries | 72point
Inside Media
OATH
OnePoll
Talk to the Press |
| Website | swnsmediagroup.com |


title: Esenbeckia delta

abstract: Esenbeckia delta is a species of fly in the family Tabanidae.

text:
# Esenbeckia delta

***Esenbeckia delta*** is a species of fly in the family Tabanidae.

## Distribution

United States, Mexico.

## InfoBox

| *Esenbeckia delta* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tabanidae |
| Subfamily: | Pangoniinae |
| Tribe: | Pangoniini |
| Genus: | *Esenbeckia* |
| Species: | ***E. delta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Esenbeckia delta***<br>(Hine, 1920) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pangonia delta* Hine, 1920 | |


title: St Mary's Church, Ely

abstract: St Mary's Church is a church in Ely, Cambridgeshire, located near Ely Cathedral to the west of the Bishop's Palace. Principally constructed in the 13th century, it was designated as a Grade I listed building in 1950. Sextry Barn, which stood immediately to the west of the churchyard, was a large 13th-century tithe barn. It was demolished in 1842.

text:
# St Mary's Church, Ely

**St Mary's Church** is a church in Ely, Cambridgeshire, located near Ely Cathedral to the west of the Bishop's Palace.

Principally constructed in the 13th century, it was designated as a Grade I listed building in 1950.

Sextry Barn, which stood immediately to the west of the churchyard, was a large 13th-century tithe barn. It was demolished in 1842.

## InfoBox

| St Mary's Church | |
| --- | --- |
| St Mary's Church, Ely | |
|  | |
| 52°23′55″N 0°15′35″E / 52.3986°N 0.2598°E / 52.3986; 0.2598 | |
| Denomination | Church of England |
| Churchmanship | Evangelical Anglicanism |
| Website | St Mary's Ely |
| History | |
| Founder(s) | Bishop Eustace |
| Dedication | Saint Mary the Virgin |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Parish church |
| Heritage designation | Grade I |
| Designated | 23 September 1950 |
| Architectural type | Church |
| Administration | |
| Diocese | Ely |
| Archdeaconry | Huntingdon and Wisbech |
| Deanery | Ely |
| Parish | Ely |


title: Ove ruke nisu male... 1

abstract: Ove ruke nisu male... 1 is the first compilation album by the Serbian alternative rock band Disciplina Kičme, released by Tom Tom Music in 2000. The compilation features the material released on the first studio album, Sviđa mi se da ti ne bude prijatno, and the first EP, Ja imam šarene oči, as well as live material, recorded at the Zagreb Lapidarij in 1982. The second part of the compilation, Ove ruke nisu male... 2 was released in 2005, by the same record label.

text:
# Ove ruke nisu male... 1

***Ove ruke nisu male... 1*** (*These hands are not small... 1*) is the first compilation album by the Serbian alternative rock band Disciplina Kičme, released by Tom Tom Music in 2000. The compilation features the material released on the first studio album, *Sviđa mi se da ti ne bude prijatno*, and the first EP, *Ja imam šarene oči*, as well as live material, recorded at the Zagreb Lapidarij in 1982. The second part of the compilation, *Ove ruke nisu male... 2* was released in 2005, by the same record label.

## Track listing

### *Sviđa mi se da ti ne bude prijatno*

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Nestani ih" (Disappear them) | 1:50 |
| 2. | "Ti znaš da tvoja soba ima četiri ugla" (You know that your room has four corners) | 1:19 |
| 3. | "Nemoj" (Do not) | 3:44 |
| 4. | "Pobednici" (Winners) | 3:39 |
| 5. | "Mladost ne opravdava besvest" (Youth does not justify unconsciousness) | 2:12 |
| 6. | "Uživaj" (Enjoy) | 2:34 |
| 7. | "Zgodne kretnje" (Convenient movements) | 3:16 |
| 8. | "Pečati" (Stamps) | 4:00 |
| 9. | "Mozak" (Brain) | 1:38 |
| 10. | "Javno veselje" (Public celebration) | 4:08 |

### *Ja imam šarene oči*

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 11. | "Doboš 7 puta" (Snare drum 7 times) | 2:39 |
| 12. | "Novac neće doći" (Money won't come) | 3:13 |
| 13. | "Veruj meni!" (Trust me!) | 3:41 |
| 14. | "Pristanište" (Peer) | 1:41 |
| 15. | "Sviđa mi se..." (I like...) | 2:21 |
| 16. | "Pregršt novca" (Plenty of money) | 1:49 |
| 17. | "Vaspitanje" (Manners) | 2:24 |
| 18. | "28. Jun 84!" (28 June 1984!) | 4:46 |

### *Uživo (Lapidarij, Zg, 1982.)*

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 19. | "Sviđa mi se..." (I like...) | 2:17 |
| 20. | "Mozak" (Brain) | 1:23 |
| 21. | "Uživaj" (Enjoy) | 2:57 |
| 22. | "Zgodne kretnje" (Convenient movements) | 1:58 |
| 23. | "Javno veselje (početna verzija)" (Public celebration (early version)) | 2:32 |

* *EX YU ROCK enciklopedija 1960-2006*, Janjatović Petar; ISBN 978-86-905317-1-4
* *Ove ruke nisu male... 1* at Discogs

## InfoBox

| Ove ruke nisu male... 1 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Disciplina Kičme | |
| Released | 2000 |
| Recorded | 6–12 December 1982 Tivoli studio, Ljubljana
September 1983, Druga Maca studio, Belgrade
28 June 1984, SKC, Belgrade
1982, Lapidarij, Zagreb |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 60:05 |
| Label | Tom Tom Music
CD 7005 |
| Producer | Toni Jurij, Riki Rif, Disciplina Kičme, Zeleni Zub |
| Disciplina Kičme chronology | |
| *Heavy Bass Blues*
(1998) ***Ove ruke nisu male... 1***
(2000) *Refresh Your Senses, NOW!*
(2001) | |


title: The Dreams that Stuff Are Made Of

abstract: The Dreams that Stuff Are Made Of is the debut studio album from the American rock band Karmic Juggernaut.

text:
# The Dreams that Stuff Are Made Of

***The Dreams that Stuff Are Made Of*** is the debut studio album from the American rock band Karmic Juggernaut.

## Content

The thirteen-track album was self-released on compact disc and digital download, on 1 June 2018. It was produced by Karmic Juggernaut, and recorded at The Hangar in Wall Township, New Jersey. The group was augmented by trombonist Ian Gray, trumpeter Joe Gullace, and mallet percussionist AJ Merlino. *The Dreams that Stuff Are Made Of* is described as high-energy, rhythmic and dense progressive rock that spans several genres, and it draws comparison to the music of King Crimson, Mr. Bungle, The Mars Volta, Frank Zappa, Gentle Giant, and Yes.

## Reception

Dream Theater drummer Mike Portnoy writes "Damn! Another amazing new find...just got turned onto this amazing psychedelic progressive jazzy band from NJ called Karmic Juggernaut and Blown Away!," adding "I'm definitely now a fan and this is also definitely in my Top 10 of 2018. Bravo." A review by Rich Quinlan in *Jersey Beat* begins with "wow...this one is a trip, perhaps quite literally, from start to finish. If Zappa's Barking Pumpkin label was still active, Karmic Juggernaut might be the first band he would sign. Sprawling, fearless psychedelic rock, the songs can be playful or rocking, and often a swirling combination of both," and ends with saying that the album is "indeed a tank of innovative ideas performed by a collection of immensely skilled, like-minded geniuses who relish the idea of being musical outliers."

*Progressive Music Planet* says "once you ride \[the\] wave and let the music unfold, one gets some pretty excellent syncopated full-band acrobatics with dynamics that ebb-and-flow and deliver right into the next track. Horn section, flute, walking basslines, bongos and other percussion, odd meters."

The album recently won the album of the year award in the Funk/Fusion/Jam category at the 2019 Independent Music Awards event in New York City.

## Tracklisting

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Bottomless Gypsy Pit" | 5:17 |
| 2. | "Krokodil" | 4:51 |
| 3. | "Robotnik" | 4:46 |
| 4. | "WKRM Emergency Broadcast" | 0:44 |
| 5. | "Frunobulax" | 5:03 |
| 6. | "Circles" | 0:49 |
| 7. | "Moving" | 9:00 |
| 8. | "On Your Mark" | 6:14 |
| 9. | "Living in a Lucid Dream" | 0:56 |
| 10. | "Goons, Buffoons, and Carnival Barkers" | 3:33 |
| 11. | "Psycho Billy's Downtown Adventure" | 2:45 |
| 12. | "Be Careful Loading Camel" | 8:55 |
| 13. | "Museum Museum" | 7:40 |
| Total length: | | 60:33 |

## Personnel

* Kevin Grossman – drums and percussion
* Jake Hughes – keyboards
* James McCaffrey – guitar and vocals
* Cody McCorry – bass, theremin and saw
* Randy Preston – guitar and vocals
* Daimon Santa Maria – vocals and flute

### Additional musicians

* Ian Gray – trombone
* Joe Gullace – trumpet
* Joonas Lemetyinen – trombone
* AJ Merlino – percussion, vibes

Citations Bibliography

## InfoBox

| The Dreams that Stuff Are Made Of | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Karmic Juggernaut | |
| Released | 1 June 2018 |
| Studio | The Hangar, Wall Township, New Jersey |
| Genre | Psychedelic rock, progressive rock |
| Length | 60:33 |
| Label | Self-released |
| Producer | Karmic Juggernaut |
| Karmic Juggernaut chronology | |
| *Great Again!*
(2017) ***The Dreams that Stuff Are Made Of***
(2018) | |


abstract: The Committee on Budgetary Control (CONT) is a committee of the European Parliament. with 30 permanent members. It can be seen as the European Union's internal "political watchdog", seeking to identify undesirable developments within EU institutions and other bodies and then to elaborate constructive suggestions for improvement. The committee's chair as of 2022 is Monika Hohlmeier.

text:
# European Parliament Committee on Budgetary Control

The **Committee on Budgetary Control** (**CONT**) is a committee of the European Parliament. with 30 permanent members. It can be seen as the European Union's internal "political watchdog", seeking to identify undesirable developments within EU institutions and other bodies and then to elaborate constructive suggestions for improvement.

The committee's chair as of 2022 is Monika Hohlmeier.

## Responsibilities

The Committee on Budgetary Control is responsible for the control of the implementation of the European Union's budget, meaning that the taxpayers' money is spent efficiently, effectively and according to EU law. In close cooperation with the Court of Auditors, it audits the accounts of EU institutions and suggests improvements in order to ensure sound financial management. It considers fraud and irregularities in the budget implementation, and suggests measures aimed at preventing and prosecuting such cases. In this context, it liaises with the union's Anti-Fraud Office OLAF to strengthen the fight against fraud and corruption.

The discharge procedure is the main tool at hand of the parliamentarians in the committee. During this procedure it scrutinises the implementation of the EU budget by all actors involved, i.e. inter alia the commission, Parliament, other institutions and agencies, on the basis of the yearly annual report of the European Court of Auditors. For this purpose, the committee organizes hearings to which it invites members of the examined bodies. The parliamentarians then transmit detailed questions about the activities and the performance of the respective proceeding working year (x, e.g. 2011). This process usually starts in October of the following year (x+1, e.g. 2012) and is then voted in the committee in March and in the Plenary in April of the next following year (x+2, e.g. 2013).

## Chairs


title: Reducetarian Foundation

abstract: The Reducetarian Foundation nonprofit organization that promotes a "reducetarian" diet, where participants reduce the amount of meat they consume in order to improve their health, protect the environment, and spare farmed animals from cruelty. Brian Kateman is the cofounder and president of the organization and one of the main proponents of the diet. He is skeptical of only using "all or nothing" messages like veganism and vegetarianism, believing that many people will be more excited about only partially reducing their animal product consumption.

text:
# Reducetarian Foundation

The **Reducetarian Foundation** nonprofit organization that promotes a "reducetarian" diet, where participants reduce the amount of meat (as well as eggs and dairy) they consume in order to improve their health, protect the environment, and spare farmed animals from cruelty. Brian Kateman is the cofounder and president of the organization and one of the main proponents of the diet. He is skeptical of only using "all or nothing" messages like veganism and vegetarianism, believing that many people will be more excited about only partially reducing their animal product consumption.

## InfoBox

Reducetarian Foundation
|
|  |
| Formation | 2015 |
| Type | Non-profit |
| President | Brian Kateman |
| Website | reducetarian.org |


title: C. H. Sisson

abstract: Charles Hubert Sisson, CH, usually cited as C. H. Sisson, was a British writer, best known as a poet and translator.

text:
# C. H. Sisson

**Charles Hubert Sisson**, CH (22 April 1914 – 5 September 2003), usually cited as **C. H. Sisson**, was a British writer, best known as a poet and translator.

## Life

Born in Bristol in 1914, C. H. Sisson was noted as a poet, novelist, essayist and an important translator. He was a great friend of the critic and writer Donald Davie, with whom he corresponded regularly.

Sisson's parents were Richard Percy Sisson and Ellen Minnie Sisson (née Worlock). He was educated at the University of Bristol where he read English and Philosophy. He continued his studies in France and Germany. As a poet he first came to light through the London Arts Review, *X*, founded by the painter Patrick Swift and the poet David Wright. He reacted against the prevailing intellectual climate of the 1930s, particularly the Auden Group, preferring to go back to the anti-romantic T. E. Hulme, and to the Anglican tradition. The modernism of his poetry follows a 'distinct genealogy' from Hulme to Eliot, Pound, Ford Madox Ford and Wyndham Lewis. His novel *Christopher Homm* experiments with form and is told backwards.

Sisson entered the Ministry of Labour as Principal Assistant in 1936. During the Second World War he served in the British Army, in the ranks, in India (1942–45). He was Simon Senior Research Fellow (1956–57), Director of Establishments, Ministry of Labour (1962–68), and Director of Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Employment (1972). 1972 was also the year of his retirement from the Civil Service, with the rank of Under-Secretary. A standard text, *The Spirit of British Administration* (1959), was the product of his Simon Senior Research Fellowship; it contains the main fruit of his reflection on the British Civil Service. The work notably compares British with French, (then West) German, Swedish, Austrian, and Spanish administrative methods; Sisson sees the British Civil Service as emerging favourably from the comparison. Only slight and negative mention is made of the United States of America. Sisson was no blind admirer of British methods, however. He was a 'severe critic of the British Civil Service and some of his essays caused controversy'. In his collection *The London Zoo* he writes this epitaph 'Here lies a civil servant. He was civil/ To everyone, and servant to the devil.'

Sisson was married, in 1937, to Nora Gilbertson (d. 2003) and they had two daughters. In 1993 C. H. Sisson was appointed a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour for his services to Literature.

Sisson died on 5 September 2003, aged 89.

## Works

### Poetry collections

* *An Asiatic Romance* (Carcanet Press, 1953. Paperback, 1995)
* *Poems* (1959)
* *The Spirit of British Administration* (1959)
* *The London Zoo* (1961)
* *Numbers* (Methuen, 1965)
* *The Discarnation, or How the Flesh became Word and Dwelt Among Us* (1967)
* *Metamorphoses*, (Methuen, London, 1968)
* *Roman Poems* (1968)
* *In the Trojan Ditch: Collected Poems and Selected Translations* (Carcanet Press, 1974)
* *The Corridor* (Mandeville Press, Hitchin, 1975) (ISBN 0-904533-12-3)
* *Anchises* (1976) (ISBN 0-85635-178-4)
* *Moon-Rise and Other Poems* (1979)
* *Exactions* (1980), (ISBN 0-85635-332-9)
* *Autobiographical and other papers of Philip Mairet* (1981), editor
* *Modern Poets Five* (Faber and Faber, 1981) editor Jim Hunter, with Andrew Waterman, Craig Raine, Robert Wells, and Andrew Motion
* *Night Thoughts and Other Poems* (1983)
* *Collected Poems 1943–1983* (Carcanet Press, 1984) (ISBN 0-85635-498-8)
* *God Bless Karl Marx!* (Carcanet Press, 1987) (ISBN 0-85635-710-3)
* *On the Lookout: A Partial Autobiography* (Carcanet Press, 1989)
* *Selected Poems* (Carcanet Press, Paperback 1990)
* *Nine Sonnets* (1991)
* *Re-active Anthology: Ghosts in the Corridor No. 2* (1992) with Andrew Crozier and Donald Davie
* *The Pattern* (Enitharmon Press, 1993) (ISBN 1-870612-68-X)
* *What and Who* (Carcanet Press, 1994)
* *Poems: Selected* (Carcanet Press, 1995)
* *Collected Poems* (Carcanet Press, 1998)
* *Antidotes* (Carcanet Press, 2001)

### Novels

### Critical works (books)

### Translations

## Letters

* *Letters to an Editor*, ed. M. Fisher, Manchester : Carcanet, 1989, prints sixty-three letters from Sisson to the Carcanet Press. In the same volume Robert Hass (Letter 145, pp. 126–28) assesses Sissons' political thought.

## InfoBox

| C. H. Sisson | |
| --- | --- |
| *C. H. Sisson*, by Patrick Swift, c. 1960 | |
| Born | (1914-04-22)22 April 1914<br>Bristol |
| Died | 5 September 2003(2003-09-05) (aged 89) |
| Occupation | Poet, writer, translator. |
| Nationality | English |
| Education | University of Bristol |


title: Queen's Truncheon

abstract: The Queen's Truncheon is a ceremonial staff carried by the Royal Gurkha Rifles that serves as the equivalent of and is carried as the Colour. It is made of bronze and silver. The top represents the minaret of Delhi Palace with three Gurkhas standing on it supporting the Queen's crown above their heads. The minaret contains a pair of crossed kukris and carries the inscription "Main Picqet Hindoo Rao's House, Delhi 1857". The Truncheon is a unique emblem upon which recruits swear allegiance to the Regiment and the Crown. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the 8th (Sirmoor) Local Battalion made a particularly notable contribution. During the four-month Siege of Delhi, they defended Hindu Rao's house, losing 327 out of 490 men. During this action they fought side-by-side with the 60th Rifles and a strong bond developed. After the rebellion the 60th Rifles pressed for the Sirmoor Battalion to become a rifle regiment. This honour was granted then next year (1858) when the battalion was renamed the Sirmoor Rifle Regiment and awarded a third colour. In 1863 Queen Victoria presented the regiment with the Queen's Truncheon, devised by Charles Reid, as a replacement for the colours that rifle regiments do not usually have. The Sirmoor Rifle Regiment eventually became the 2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles, retaining possession of the Truncheon until 1994, when it was amalgamated with the other three British Gurkha regiments as The Royal Gurkha Rifles. The new regiment took possession of the Truncheon on permanent loan from the 2nd Gurkhas, and maintains the tradition of using it in place of colours.

text:
# Queen's Truncheon

The **Queen's Truncheon** is a ceremonial staff carried by the Royal Gurkha Rifles that serves as the equivalent of and is carried as the Colour. It is made of bronze and silver. The top represents the minaret of Delhi Palace with three Gurkhas standing on it supporting the Queen's crown above their heads. The minaret contains a pair of crossed kukris and carries the inscription "Main Picqet Hindoo Rao's House, Delhi 1857". The Truncheon is a unique emblem upon which recruits swear allegiance to the Regiment and the Crown.

During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the 8th (Sirmoor) Local Battalion made a particularly notable contribution. During the four-month Siege of Delhi, they defended Hindu Rao's house, losing 327 out of 490 men. During this action they fought side-by-side with the 60th Rifles and a strong bond developed.

After the rebellion the 60th Rifles pressed for the Sirmoor Battalion to become a rifle regiment. This honour was granted then next year (1858) when the battalion was renamed the Sirmoor Rifle Regiment and awarded a third colour. In 1863 Queen Victoria presented the regiment with the Queen's Truncheon, devised by Charles Reid, as a replacement for the colours that rifle regiments do not usually have.

The Sirmoor Rifle Regiment eventually became the **2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles)**, retaining possession of the Truncheon until 1994, when it was amalgamated with the other three British Gurkha regiments as The Royal Gurkha Rifles. The new regiment took possession of the Truncheon on permanent loan from the 2nd Gurkhas, and maintains the tradition of using it in place of colours.


title: Estaline Schoolhouse

abstract: Estaline Schoolhouse is a historic one-room school building located at Estaline Valley, Augusta County, Virginia. It was built in 1909, and is a one-story, rectangular frame building with a gable roof. It measures 31 feet by 21 feet. The school closed soon after World War II. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

text:
# Estaline Schoolhouse

**Estaline Schoolhouse** is a historic one-room school building located at Estaline Valley, Augusta County, Virginia. It was built in 1909, and is a one-story, rectangular frame building with a gable roof. It measures 31 feet by 21 feet. The school closed soon after World War II.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Estaline Schoolhouse | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Virginia Landmarks Register | |
|  | |
| Front and northeastern side | |
|  | |
| Location | Estaline Valley Road, Estaline Valley, Virginia |
| Coordinates | 38°3′45″N 79°21′27″W / 38.06250°N 79.35750°W / 38.06250; -79.35750 |
| Area | 1 acre (0.40 ha) |
| Built | 1909 (1909) |
| MPS | Public Schools in Augusta County Virginia 1870-1940 TR |
| NRHP reference No. | 85000385 |
| VLR No. | 007-0524 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | February 27, 1985 |
| Designated VLR | December 11, 1984 |


title: Bruce Wasem

abstract: Bruce W. Wasem is a former American football and baseball coach. He served as head football coach at the University of Virginia's College at Wise for eight seasons, from 2002 until 2010, compiling a record of 48–52. He helped start the program in 1991. For the 2006 season, he was awarded conference coach of the year and the team was given the NAIA Champions of Character award. He previously was the head baseball coach and assistant football coach for Wilmington College in Wilmington, Ohio.

text:
# Bruce Wasem

**Bruce W. Wasem** is a former American football and baseball coach. He served as head football coach at the University of Virginia's College at Wise for eight seasons, from 2002 until 2010, compiling a record of 48–52. He helped start the program in 1991. For the 2006 season, he was awarded conference coach of the year and the team was given the NAIA Champions of Character award. He previously was the head baseball coach and assistant football coach for Wilmington College in Wilmington, Ohio.

## Head coaching record

### Football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs | NAIA<sup>#</sup> |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Virginia–Wise Highland Cavaliers** *(Mid-South Conference)* (2002–2010) | | | | | | | | |
| 2002 | Virginia–Wise | 3–7 | 2–6 | 8th |  |  |
| 2003 | Virginia–Wise | 3–8 | 2–7 | T–8th |  |  |
| 2004 | Virginia–Wise | 3–8 | 3–7 | T–8th |  |  |
| 2005 | Virginia–Wise | 4–7 | 1–4 | 5th (East) |  |  |
| 2006 | Virginia–Wise | 9–3 | 4–2 | 2nd (East) |  | 24 |
| 2007 | Virginia–Wise | 10–2 | 5–1 | 1st (East) |  | 14 |
| 2008 | Virginia–Wise | 8–3 | 4–2 | 2nd (East) |  | 19 |
| 2009 | Virginia–Wise | 5–6 | 4–2 | T–2nd (East) |  |  |
| 2010 | Virginia–Wise | 3–8 | 3–3 | 4th (East) |  |  |
| **Virginia–Wise:** | | 48–52 | 28–34 |  | | | | |
| **Total:** | | 48–52 |  | | | | | | |
| National championship         Conference title         Conference division title or championship game berth | | | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

Bruce Wasem
| Playing career | |
| --- | --- |
| Football | |
| ? | Bluffton |
|  | |
| Coaching career (HC unless noted) | |
| Football | |
| 1974–1990 | Wilmington (OH) (assistant) |
| 1991–2001 | Virginia–Wise (DC) |
| 2002–2010 | Virginia–Wise |
| Baseball | |
| 1974–1990 | Wilmington (OH) |
|  | |
| Head coaching record | |
| Overall | 48–52 (football) |
| Accomplishments and honors | |
| Championships | |
| 1 MSC East Division (2007) | |
| Awards | |
| MSC Coach of the Year (2006) | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Clubdjpro

abstract: ClubDJPro is a DJ console and video mixing tool developed by Cube Software Solutions Inc. software. It was released in June 2005.

text:
# Clubdjpro

**ClubDJPro** (often referred to as **ClubDJ**) is a DJ console and video mixing tool developed by Cube Software Solutions Inc. software. It was released in June 2005.

## User interface

ClubDJPro has a GUI that was designed to allow aesthetic revisions via Skins. The skin engine that ClubDJPro uses allows for the ability to expand the software to take up the entire screen.

As of 4.4.3.3 there are 3 user changeable skins included in the program which are changeable in the preferences tab. They are called 'AquaLung', 'Eleanor', and 'Grabber'.

## Editions

**ClubDJPro** is available in two different editions, with separate features depending upon their target consumer group.

* **DJ Edition** \- Can play audio files only.
* **VJ Edition** \- Contains all of the features of the DJ Edition, in addition to support for video, karaoke, and visualizations.

## Supported MIDI Controllers

Supported since version 2.0:

## Version History

The initial "final release" of ClubDJPro was released on June 24, 2005.

On June 26, 2009, the 4th iteration of the ClubDJPro software was released.

The development of the software and website appears to have halted. As of March 2018 the website continues to show a new version "Coming Spring 2016".

1. "DJ Software - ClubDJ (ProVJ)". Archived from the original on 2009-08-31. Retrieved 2009-11-28. Feature List

## InfoBox

ClubDJPro
| Developer(s) | Cube Software Solutions Inc. |
| --- | --- |
| Initial release | June 2005 |
|  | |
| Stable release | 7.0.0.1 / April 26, 2014 (2014-04-26) |
|  | |
| Operating system | Windows |
| Available in | English |
| Type | DJ console and mixing |
| License | Proprietary |
| Website | www.clubdjpro.com |


title: C. W. McCall's Greatest Hits

abstract: C. W. McCall's Greatest Hits, as the title suggests, is a greatest hits compilation of country musician C. W. McCall's work, released in 1983 on Polydor Records, rereleased on September 21, 1993 and containing songs from the first five out of his six albums of original music, including the ever-popular "Convoy" and its sequel, "'Round the World with the Rubber Duck".

text:
# C. W. McCall's Greatest Hits

***C. W. McCall's Greatest Hits***, as the title suggests, is a greatest hits compilation of country musician C. W. McCall's work, released in 1983 (see 1983 in music) on Polydor Records, rereleased on September 21, 1993 and containing songs from the first five out of his six albums of original music, including the ever-popular "Convoy" and its sequel, "'Round the World with the Rubber Duck".

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Convoy" | Bill Fries, Chip Davis | 3:48 |
| 2. | "The Silverton" | Fries, Davis | 2:56 |
| 3. | "Four Wheel Drive" | Fries, Davis | 2:58 |
| 4. | "Wolf Creek Pass" | Fries, Davis | 3:55 |
| 5. | "Classified" | Fries, Davis | 2:28 |
| 6. | "There Won't Be No Country Music (There Won't Be No Rock 'N' Roll)" | Fries, Davis | 3:50 |
| 7. | "Old Home Filler-up an' Keep on a-Truckin' Café" | Fries, Davis | 2:45 |
| 8. | "Crispy Critters" | Fries, Davis | 2:50 |
| 9. | "'Round the World with the Rubber Duck" | Fries, Davis | 4:08 |
| 10. | "Black Bear Road" | Fries, Davis | 2:00 |
| 11. | "Roses for Mama" | Johnny Wilson, Gene Dobbins, Wayne Sharpe | 3:24 |
| 12. | Untitled | Fries, Davis | 4:09 |

## Charts

**Album** \- Billboard (North America)

| Year | Chart | Position |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1983 | Country Albums | 45 |
|

## InfoBox

| C. W. McCall's Greatest Hits | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Greatest hits album by C. W. McCall | |
| Released | Original: 1983
Re-issued: September 21, 1993 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 39:11 |
| Label | Polydor Records |
| Producer | Chip Davis, Don Sears |
| C. W. McCall chronology | |
| *C. W. McCall & Co.*
(1979) ***C. W. McCall's Greatest Hits***
(1983) *Four Wheel Cowboy*
(1989) | |


title: San Pedro Ocotlán

abstract: San Pedro Ocotlán is a town in the Mexican state of Zacatecas. It is one of the smaller settlements in the municipality of Tepechitlán. In the INEGI 2005 census, it reported a population of 796.

text:
# San Pedro Ocotlán

**San Pedro Ocotlán** is a town in the Mexican state of Zacatecas. It is one of the smaller settlements in the municipality of Tepechitlán.

In the INEGI 2005 census, it reported a population of 796.

## InfoBox

| San Pedro Ocotlán | |
| --- | --- |
| San Pedro Ocotlán | |
| Coordinates: 21°32′00″N 103°18′50″W / 21.53333°N 103.31389°W / 21.53333; -103.31389 | |
| Country | Mexico |
| State | Zacatecas |
| Municipality | Tepechitlán |
| Elevation | 1,900 m (6,200 ft) |
| Population (2005) | |
| Total | 796 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |


title: San Pedro Ocotepec

abstract: San Pedro Ocotepec is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 136.51 km². It is part of the Sierra Mixe district within the Sierra Norte de Oaxaca Region. As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 2,171, of whom 1,933 spoke an indigenous language.

text:
# San Pedro Ocotepec

**San Pedro Ocotepec** is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 136.51 km². It is part of the Sierra Mixe district within the Sierra Norte de Oaxaca Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 2,171, of whom 1,933 spoke an indigenous language.

## InfoBox

| San Pedro Ocotepec | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality and town | |
| San Pedro OcotepecLocation in Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 16°57′N 95°51′W / 16.950°N 95.850°W / 16.950; -95.850 | |
| Country | Mexico |
| State | Oaxaca |
| Area | |
| Total | 136.51 km2 (52.71 sq mi) |
| Population (2005) | |
| Total | 2,171 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central Standard Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (Central Daylight Time) |


title: Sandra Couture

abstract: Sandra Couture is a Canadian soccer player who last played for French club Juvisy of the Division 1 Féminine. She plays as a striker and joined her current club ahead of the 2009–10 season after a successful career at the Université de Montréal with the Montreal Carabins. From 2002 to 2006, Couture scored a team-record 52 goals, was named the Player of the Year once, and was named to the All-Canadian First Team on two occasions. Prior to joining Juvisy in 2009, she worked as an assistant coach at the university after previous injuries delayed her opportunities to start her club career in France. Though, Couture hasn't represented Canada on international level, she has represented her nation at the 2005 and 2007 editions of the Summer Universiade.

text:
# Sandra Couture

**Sandra Couture** (born March 15, 1983, in Saint-Georges, Quebec) is a Canadian soccer player who last played for French club Juvisy of the Division 1 Féminine. She plays as a striker and joined her current club ahead of the 2009–10 season after a successful career at the Université de Montréal with the Montreal Carabins. From 2002 to 2006, Couture scored a team-record 52 goals, was named the Player of the Year once, and was named to the All-Canadian First Team on two occasions. Prior to joining Juvisy in 2009, she worked as an assistant coach at the university after previous injuries delayed her opportunities to start her club career in France. Though, Couture hasn't represented Canada on international level, she has represented her nation at the 2005 and 2007 editions of the Summer Universiade.

## InfoBox

Sandra Couture
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Sandra Couture | | |
| Date of birth | (1983-03-15) March 15, 1983 | | |
| Place of birth | Saint-Georges, Quebec, Canada | | |
| Height | 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Striker | | |
| College career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2002–2006 | Montreal Carabins |  |  |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2006–2007 | Laval Comets | 9 | (6) |
| 2009–2010 | Juvisy B | 12 | (8) |
| 2010–2011 | Juvisy | 3 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 11 May 2015 | | | |


title: CBS FM Buganda

abstract: CBS FM Buganda is a Luganda radio channel in Kampala, Uganda.

text:
# CBS FM Buganda

**CBS FM Buganda** is a Luganda radio channel in Kampala, Uganda.

## Enkuuka Y’Omwaka

Is an end of year fete organised by CBS FM, on New Year's Eve. Enkuka yo Mwaka crowns winners of the six-month-long Omuzira wa Bazira (hero of heroes) quiz competition which tests knowledge of Buganda kingdom culture. It brings together some of Buganda's finest musicians. It is essentially entertainment, merry-making and full blast fun before the king officially ushers his subjects into the new year with a symbolic key. Rather than join urban Uganda's elite in high end hotels, the Kabaka comes to watch the fireworks and performances with his people, a gesture that is interpreted by many as a show of humility and connection with the masses, and the reason mammoth crowds attend the Lubiri event.

## Entanda ya buganda

Entanda ya Buganda is a radio quiz programme which aims at promoting Buganda culture and norms. The competition that tests participants on a wide range of issues from and within Buganda, including idioms and mastery of Luganda, culture, sports, politics, among others, attracts more than 500 participants. The winner of the competition is always crowned on 31 December during a function presided over by the Kabaka at his Mengo palace. Winners walk home with land titles and cash prizes. Mukiibi explains, “We also introduced entanda ya masomero in schools which the Nnabagereka’s office facilitates. Certainly as Buganda we treasure it, we want our people to be proud of and master Luganda and our culture in general. We believe in the power of these events to sustain our culture and kingdom.”. The winner of the competition is always crowned on 31 December during a function presided over by the Kabaka of Buganda Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II at his Mengo palace. All Previous winners have received land on which they have built schools and other development ventures.

## CBS PEWOSA Uganda

## Closure and reopening

On 10 September 2009, CBS was taken off air for inciting violence among the public. This followed the numerous talk shows on the radio that hosted people who were critical of the government. Matters worsened when the Kabaka was blocked from travelling to Kayunga which led to riots. The technicians would switch on the studio equipment, hoping CBS would be switched back on; with time, they stopped opening the studio. Occasionally, the CBS staff stopped by at the station to catch up, laugh at their misfortune and even share the little money they had. Most activities of the station were canceled including the public events and publications. In 2010, the station was reopened, after one year of closure.

## InfoBox

CBS FM \[Central Broadcasting Service\] Buganda
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Kampala, Uganda |
| Frequency | 88.8 & 89.2 megahertz |
| Programming | |
| Format | News and information |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Buganda kingdom |
| Sister stations | 89.2 Fm Emmanduso |
| History | |
| First air date | 22 June 1996 |
| Links | |
| Website | www.cbsfm.ug |


title: CBARA1

abstract: Calcium-binding atopy-related autoantigen 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CBARA1 gene.

text:
# CBARA1

**Calcium-binding atopy-related autoantigen 1** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *CBARA1* gene.

## Clinical

Mutations in this gene have been associated with myopathy with extrapyramidal signs.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| MICU1 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Available structures  PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | MICU1, CALC, CBARA1, EFHA3, MPXPS, mitochondrial calcium uptake 1, ara CALC | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 605084; MGI: 2384909; HomoloGene: 4431; GeneCards: MICU1; OMA:MICU1 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_001195518
NM\_001195519
NM\_006077
NM\_001363513   NM\_001291442
NM\_001291443
NM\_144822
NM\_001359267   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001182447
NP\_001182448
NP\_006068
NP\_001350442   NP\_001278371
NP\_001278372
NP\_659071
NP\_001346196   Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 72.37 – 72.63 Mb Chr 10: 59.54 – 59.7 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Daily Guide (Ghana)

abstract: Daily Guide is a private-owned daily newspaper owned by the Blay Family published in Accra, Ghana. The paper was started in 1984. This daily newspaper is published six times per week and is regarded as the most circulated independent paper in Ghana with a readership of about 50,000 copies a day. The editor of the newspaper is Samuel Amponsah Boadi, with Fortune Alimi as Executive Editor and Alhaji A.R Gomda as Chief News Editor.

text:
# Daily Guide (Ghana)

***Daily Guide*** is a private-owned daily newspaper owned by the Blay Family published in Accra, Ghana. The paper was started in 1984. This daily newspaper is published six times per week and is regarded as the most circulated independent paper in Ghana with a readership of about 50,000 copies a day. The editor of the newspaper is Samuel Amponsah Boadi, with Fortune Alimi as Executive Editor and Alhaji A.R Gomda as Chief News Editor.

## InfoBox

Daily Guide
| Type | Daily newspaper |
| --- | --- |
| Owner(s) | Blay Family |
| Editor-in-chief | Fortune Alimi |
| Editor | Samuel Amponsah Boadi |
| Associate editor | Yaw Owusu |
| News editor | Alhaji A.R Gomda |
| Language | English |
| ISSN | 0855-3165 |
| OCLC number | 272567023 |
| Website | www.dailyguideghana.com |


title: The Dreams of Tipu Sultan

abstract: Tipu Sultan Kanda Kanasu is a 1997 Kannada play written by Girish Karnad. The play has been performed many times by different groups around the world but mostly in India and Pakistan. The story follows the last days as well as the historic moments in the life of the Ruler of Mysore, Tipu Sultan, (1750–1799) through the eyes of an Indian court historian and a British Oriental scholar. Girish Karnad's play is based on a Farsi manuscript written by Tipu Sultan in his own handwriting and preserved in the India Office Library. It was later translated and published as The Dreams of Tipu Sultan. In this text, Tipu Sultan recorded some of his dreams from 1785 to 1798. Several of the dreams are about defeating the unbelievers, the Marathas and the Nazarenes, and visions of the Prophet, the companions of the Prophet and Islamic sages. Girish Karnad's play uses four of the 37 dreams for his play: Dream 9, Dream 10, Dream 13 and fourth one as having victory over the British. Mir Hussain Ali Khan Kirmani, who wrote "History of Tipu Sultan: Being a Continuation of The Neshani Hyduri", is also a character in Girish Karnad's play. The Jordanian scholars Khawaldeh and Neimneh conclude in an article that "what Karnad wishes to achieve, through this counter-historical theatrical project, is to dismantle the image of the ruthless and unprincipled 'Other' propagated by British historians, dramatists, and performers by creating or even recreating an alternative humane and noble character of Tipu Sultan."

text:
# The Dreams of Tipu Sultan

***Tipu Sultan Kanda Kanasu*** (English: ***The Dreams of Tipu Sultan***) is a 1997 Kannada play written by Girish Karnad. The play has been performed many times by different groups around the world but mostly in India and Pakistan. The story follows the last days as well as the historic moments in the life of the Ruler of Mysore, Tipu Sultan, (1750–1799) through the eyes of an Indian court historian and a British Oriental scholar.

Girish Karnad's play is based on a Farsi manuscript written by Tipu Sultan in his own handwriting and preserved in the India Office Library. It was later translated and published as *The Dreams of Tipu Sultan*. In this text, Tipu Sultan recorded some of his dreams from 1785 to 1798. Several of the dreams are about defeating the unbelievers, the Marathas and the Nazarenes (i.e, the English), and visions of the Prophet, the companions of the Prophet and Islamic sages.

Girish Karnad's play uses four of the 37 dreams for his play: Dream 9, Dream 10, Dream 13 and fourth one as having victory over the British. Mir Hussain Ali Khan Kirmani (active 1781-1802), who wrote "History of Tipu Sultan: Being a Continuation of The Neshani Hyduri" (an English Translation appeared in 1864), is also a character in Girish Karnad's play.

The Jordanian scholars Khawaldeh and Neimneh conclude in an article that "what Karnad wishes to achieve, through this counter-historical theatrical project, is to dismantle the image of the ruthless and unprincipled 'Other' propagated by British historians, dramatists, and performers by creating or even recreating an alternative humane and noble character of Tipu Sultan."

## Translations

* *Collected Plays: Taledanda, the Fire and the Rain, the Dreams of Tipu Sultan, Flowers and Images: Two Dramatic Monologues: Flowers : Broken Images, Vol. 2*. Oxford University Press, USA. 2005. ISBN 978-0-19-567311-1


title: Eumemmerring College

abstract:
Eumemmerring College was an Australian co-educational government school with multiple campuses, and was Victoria's largest government secondary college, and 3rd largest school in Australia. The college opened as the Hallam High School in February 1971, with only ninety students and five teachers. In 1990, a second campus of the school was established at Fountain Gate, and the name Eumemmerring was chosen for both campuses. The college also consisted of two campuses in Endeavour Hills; Gleneagles and Endeavour Hills. In 2008, the decision was made to disaggregate Eumemmerring College into four separate secondary schools, effective as of the 2009 school year.
In 2022, Hallam Senior College will close and a new school encompassing a year 7–12 curriculum will be on the site under a new name.

text:
# Eumemmerring College

**Eumemmerring College** was an Australian co-educational government school with multiple campuses, and was Victoria's largest government secondary college, and 3rd largest school in Australia.

The college opened as the Hallam High School in February 1971, with only ninety students and five teachers. In 1990, a second campus of the school was established at Fountain Gate, and the name Eumemmerring was chosen for both campuses (named for the creek draining the area occupied by the school). The college also consisted of two campuses in Endeavour Hills; Gleneagles and Endeavour Hills.

In 2008, the decision was made to disaggregate Eumemmerring College into four separate secondary schools, effective as of the 2009 school year. In 2022, Hallam Senior College will close and a new school encompassing a year 7–12 curriculum will be on the site under a new name.

## Notable alumni

1. "College History". Hallam Senior College. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
2. "Rejuvenating Hallam Secondary For Growing South-East". Mirage.News. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
3. Gordon, Josh (4 December 2014). "Matthew Guy elected as leader of the Victorian Liberal Party". *The Age*. Retrieved 4 December 2014.

## InfoBox

| Eumemmerring College | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| City of Casey, Victoria, Australia<br>Southern Metropolitan | |
| Information | |
| Type | State, co-ed, secondary |
| Opened | 1971 |
| Closed | 2008 |


title: Quercus lungmaiensis

abstract: Quercus lungmaiensis is an uncommon Asian species of trees in the beech family Fagaceae. It has only been found in the province of Yunnan in southwestern China. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis. Quercus lungmaiensis is a large tree up to 30 meters tall. Leaves can be as much as 11.5 cm long.

text:
# Quercus lungmaiensis

***Quercus lungmaiensis*** is an uncommon Asian species of trees in the beech family Fagaceae. It has only been found in the province of Yunnan in southwestern China. It is placed in subgenus *Cerris*, section *Cyclobalanopsis*.

*Quercus lungmaiensis* is a large tree up to 30 meters tall. Leaves can be as much as 11.5 cm long.

## InfoBox

| *Quercus lungmaiensis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Fagaceae |
| Genus: | *Quercus* |
| Subgenus: | *Quercus subg. Cerris* |
| Section: | *Quercus sect. Cyclobalanopsis* |
| Species: | ***Q. lungmaiensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Quercus lungmaiensis***<br>(H.H.Hu) C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang 1992 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| List * *Cyclobalanopsis austroglauca* Y.T.Chang * *Cyclobalanopsis fulviseriacus* Y.C.Hsu & D.M.Wang * *Cyclobalanopsis lungmaiensis* Hu 1951 * *Quercus austroglauca* (Y.T.Chang) Y.T.Chang * *Quercus fulviseriacus* (Y.C.Hsu & D.M.Wang) Govaerts | |


title: Bruce Helford

abstract: Bruce Lewis Helford is an American television writer and producer.

text:
# Bruce Helford

**Bruce Lewis Helford** (born January 28, 1952) is an American television writer and producer.

## Career

Helford was the co-creator of *The Drew Carey Show*. He served as executive producer of the series for its entire run, from 1995 to 2004. Helford also served as executive producer and writer for *Roseanne* during season five of the series (1992–1993). He also created or co-created the series *The Norm Show*, *Wanda at Large*, *Freddie*, *George Lopez*, *Nikki*, and *Bless This House*.

In 1991, Helford launched Mohawk Productions to produce shows created or executive produced by him. Mohawk is famous for its logo, consisting of an Ultrasound baby, who happens to be Bruce Helford's son, Aven Helford. Mohawk is affiliated with Warner Bros. Television. *Anger Management* starring Charlie Sheen premiered in 2012 on cable channel FX. In 2016, Helford co-created the CBS sitcom *Kevin Can Wait* and served as the series' showrunner for the first thirteen episodes before leaving the show that November due to creative differences. Most recently, he was showrunner and one of several executive producers of the revived tenth season of *Roseanne* and co-creator and executive producer of the spin-off series *The Conners*.

## Filmography

### Television

| Year | Title | Contribution | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1985–1989 | *Family Ties* | Writer | Writer of 5 episodes |
| 1987–1988 | *The Bronx Zoo* | Writer/Producer |  |
| 1991 | *Anything But Love* | Writer |  |
| 1992–1993
2018 | *Roseanne* | Writer/Producer | Executive Producer of 34 episodes
Writer of 1 episode |
| 1994 | *Someone Like Me* | Creator |  |
| 1995–1996 | *Bless This House* | Creator | Creator/Executive Producer of 16 episodes
Writer of 2 episodes |
| 1995–2004 | *The Drew Carey Show* | Writer/Creator/Producer | Creator/Executive Producer of 233 episodes
Writer of 6 episodes |
| 1999–2001 | *Norm* | Writer/Creator |  |
| 2000–2002 | *Nikki* | Writer/Creator/Producer | Creator/Executive Producer of 41 episodes
Writer of 1 episode |
| 2001–2002 | *The Oblongs* | Producer | Executive Producer of 13 episodes |
| 2002–2007 | *George Lopez* | Writer/Creator/Producer | Creator/Executive Producer of 120 episodes
Writer of 3 episodes |
| 2003 | *Wanda at Large* | Creator/Producer |  |
| 2005–2006 | *Freddie* | Writer/Creator/Producer |  |
| 2012–2014 | *Anger Management* | Writer/Creator/Producer | Creator/Executive Producer of 100 episodes
Writer of 4 episodes
Story/Teleplay of 1 episode |
| 2016 | *Kevin Can Wait* | Writer/Creator/Producer | Creator
Executive Producer of 13 episodes |
| 2018–present | *The Conners* | Writer/Developer/Producer | Developer/Executive Producer |
| 2022–present | *Lopez vs Lopez* | Writer/Co-Showrunner/Executive Producer | Executive Producer |

## InfoBox

| Bruce Helford | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Bruce Lewis Helford
(1952-01-28) January 28, 1952
Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Occupation | Writer, television producer |
| Years active | 1986–present |


title: Clypeomorus inflata

abstract: Clypeomorus inflata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae.

text:
# Clypeomorus inflata

***Clypeomorus inflata*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae.

## Description

## Distribution

## InfoBox

| *Clypeomorus inflata* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Family: | Cerithiidae |
| Genus: | *Clypeomorus* |
| Species: | ***C. inflata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Clypeomorus inflata***<br>(Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Cerithium inflatum* Quoy & Gaimard, 1834 | |


title: Cletus F. O'Donnell

abstract: Cletus Francis O'Donnell was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the second bishop of the Diocese of Madison in Wisconsin from 1967 to 1992. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Chicago in Illinois from 1960 to 1967.

text:
# Cletus F. O'Donnell

| Ordination history of
Cletus F. O'Donnell | |
| --- | --- |
| History  Episcopal consecration  Consecrated by Albert Gregory Meyer (Chicago)  Date December 21, 1960 | |
| Episcopal succession  Bishops consecrated by Cletus F. O'Donnell as principal consecrator  Nevin William Hayes, O. Carm. August 5, 1965  George Otto Wirz March 9, 1978 | |

**Cletus Francis O'Donnell** (August 22, 1917  August 31, 1992) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the second bishop of the Diocese of Madison in Wisconsin from 1967 to 1992. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Chicago in Illinois from 1960 to 1967.

## Biography

### Early life

Cletus O'Donnell was born on August 22, 1917, in Waukon, Iowa, to Patrick and Isabel (Duffy) O’Donnell. His father was a banker and his mother was a teacher. The family moved to Chicago in 1927. In 1935, O’Donnell graduated from Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary in Chicago in 1935. A retreat at St. Mary of the Lake Seminary in Mundelein, Illinois, was a motivator for O'Donnell to join the priesthood. In 1941, he received a master's degree from St. Mary.

### Priesthood

O'Donnell was ordained to the priesthood by Cardinal Samuel Stritch on May 3, 1941, for the Archdiocese of Chicago. After his ordination, he was appointed as assistant pastor at Our Lady of Lourdes Parish in Chicago, serving there for a year. In 1942, O'Donnell entered the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., earning a Doctor of Canon Law degree in 1945.

Back in Chicago, O'Donnell was appointed as vice chancellor for the archdiocese. He also became promoter of justice and defender of the bond.

### Auxiliary Bishop of Chicago

On October 26, 1960, Pope John XXIII appointed O'Donnell as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Chicago. He was consecrated by Cardinal Albert Meyer on December 21, 1960. O'Donnell was also appointed as vicar general and consultor at that time.

After Meyer's death on April 9, 1965, O'Donnell served as archdiocesan administrator until the installation of Archbishop John P. Cody on August 24, 1965. O’Donnell was named pastor of Holy Name Cathedral Parish in February 1966. In November 1966, he named to the administrative board of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops (NCCB). He also served as assistant treasurer and chair of the American Board of Catholic Missions for the NCCB.

### Bishop of Madison

On February 18, 1967, Pope Paul VI appointed O'Donnell as bishop of the Diocese of Madison. As bishop, he founded the diocesan Apostolate to the Handicapped on October 31, 1967. O'Donnell also established ministries for the deaf and the developmentally disabled. He also encouraged adult education and created a religious education consultants program to help individual parishes.

O’Donnell suffered a stroke on September 13, 1990, and then a second one in the spring of 1992 which led him to resign.

### Retirement

On April 28, 1992, Pope John Paul II accepted O'Donnell resignation. Cletus O'Donnell died of a heart attack on August 31, 1992, in Madison.

## Sexual abuse allegations

In February 1995, several men sued the Diocese of Madison for failing to protect them as minors from acts of sexual abuse by Michael Trainor, a priest in the diocese, during the 1970's and 1980's. The plaintiffs claimed that O'Donnell was aware of Trainor's abuse of children and transferred him from one parish to another without reporting him to the police or to the parishioners.

## InfoBox

| His Excellency, The Most Reverend
Cletus Francis O'Donnell | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Madison | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Appointed | February 18, 1967 |
| Term ended | April 28, 1992 |
| Predecessor | William Patrick O'Connor |
| Successor | William Henry Bullock |
| Previous post(s) | Auxiliary Bishop of Chicago (1960–1967) |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | May 3, 1941
by Samuel Stritch |
| Consecration | December 21, 1960
by Albert Gregory Meyer |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 22, 1917
Waukon, Iowa, US |
| Died | August 31, 1992(1992-08-31) (aged 75)
Madison, Wisconsin, US |
| Education | Catholic University of America |


title: Standard Theatre (Toronto)

abstract: The Standard Theatre is an inactive theatre in Toronto that originated as the city's main venue for Yiddish theatre, and later became the Victory Burlesque, which would be the last traditional burlesque theatre in Toronto when it closed in 1975. It is located at 285 Spadina Ave. the corner of Spadina Avenue and Dundas Street. The building was erected in 1921 as the Standard Theatre, a venue for live action Yiddish theatre, and was described as the only building in North America built for the purpose of being a Yiddish theatre. It was designed by Benjamin Brown, one of the city's first Jewish architects, and financed by selling shares to members of the large Jewish community of Kensington Market. The theatre was home to a large number of productions of classic Yiddish works, comedy, and translations such as Shakespeare in Yiddish. It was also a centre of Jewish left-wing political activism. The centre for the activities of the Progressive Arts Club. In 1929 an event commemorating the death of Vladimir Lenin was raided by police. In December 1933, the agitprop play Eight Men Speak about the imprisonment of Canadian Communist leader Tim Buck premiered. The police ordered the play closed and threatened to revoke the theatre's licence if the play was performed again. The theatre remained a centre of Toronto's Jewish community until the building was converted into a mainstream movie cinema known as The Strand, which opened in October 1934. In 1941, it became the Victory, a cinema in the Twentieth Century Theatres chain. The theatre consisted of a single stadium seating screen and concession area selling snacks. Stairs from the street level on Spadina took moviegoers to the screen. In 1961 it became the Victory Burlesque, joining the Lux and the Casino as one of three burlesques in Toronto but by the mid-1960s, the Victory was the sole traditional burlesque in the city. It became an iconic destination, especially for students from the nearby University of Toronto. In its last years, it also featured musical acts such as the New York Dolls, Kiss, The Stooges and Rush. Facing competition from adult theaters and modern strip clubs it closed in 1975. The Jewish community had left the area, and Dundas and Spadina was now the centre of Toronto's Chinatown. The Victory was thus sold and subdivided in 1975 into shops on the main floor and a Chinese language cinema upstairs, first named the Golden Harvest under ownership by the iconic Hong Kong cinema and then the Mandarin. This cinema closed in 1994, and the building was renovated and is home to a number of retail stores. An independent theatre, Acacia Centre for the Performing Arts, opened in 2010, but it is no longer active. The former ticket office is gone and the newer staircase to the upper levels is now a retail area.

text:
# Standard Theatre (Toronto)

The **Standard Theatre** is an inactive theatre in Toronto that originated as the city's main venue for Yiddish theatre, and later became the **Victory Burlesque**, which would be the last traditional burlesque theatre in Toronto when it closed in 1975. It is located at 285 Spadina Ave. the corner of Spadina Avenue and Dundas Street.

The building was erected in 1921 as the Standard Theatre, a venue for live action Yiddish theatre, and was described as the only building in North America built for the purpose of being a Yiddish theatre. It was designed by Benjamin Brown, one of the city's first Jewish architects, and financed by selling shares to members of the large Jewish community of Kensington Market. The theatre was home to a large number of productions of classic Yiddish works, comedy, and translations such as Shakespeare in Yiddish. It was also a centre of Jewish left-wing political activism. The centre for the activities of the Progressive Arts Club. In 1929 an event commemorating the death of Vladimir Lenin was raided by police. In December 1933, the agitprop play *Eight Men Speak* about the imprisonment of Canadian Communist leader Tim Buck premiered. The police ordered the play closed and threatened to revoke the theatre's licence if the play was performed again.

The theatre remained a centre of Toronto's Jewish community until the building was converted into a mainstream movie cinema known as The Strand, which opened in October 1934. In 1941, it became the Victory, a cinema in the Twentieth Century Theatres chain. The theatre consisted of a single stadium seating screen and concession area selling snacks. Stairs from the street level on Spadina took moviegoers to the screen.

In 1961 it became the Victory Burlesque, joining the Lux (which had opened in 1959) and the Casino (which has existed since the 1930s) as one of three burlesques in Toronto but by the mid-1960s, the Victory was the sole traditional burlesque in the city. It became an iconic destination, especially for students from the nearby University of Toronto. In its last years, it also featured musical acts such as the New York Dolls, Kiss, The Stooges and Rush. Facing competition from adult theaters and modern strip clubs it closed in 1975.

The Jewish community had left the area, and Dundas and Spadina was now the centre of Toronto's Chinatown. The Victory was thus sold and subdivided in 1975 into shops on the main floor and a Chinese language cinema upstairs, first named the Golden Harvest under ownership by the iconic Hong Kong cinema and then the Mandarin. This cinema closed in 1994, and the building was renovated and is home to a number of retail stores. An independent theatre, Acacia Centre for the Performing Arts, opened in 2010, but it is no longer active.

The former ticket office is gone and the newer staircase to the upper levels is now a retail area.

## Current and former tenants

Current tenants are:

* Modern Gifts and Varieties - Dundas Street West
* Rexall Pharma Plus - Corner Ground Floor previously occupied by RBC

A number of other areas have been vacant:

* China Town Dollar Mart (dollar store in basement) was closed late 2016
* Shunyun Food at 285 Spadina Avenue was shuttered in 2016

43°39′12″N 79°23′52″W / 43.65321°N 79.39776°W / 43.65321; -79.39776


title: Standard Test Data Format

abstract: Standard Test Data Format (STDF) is a proprietary file format for semiconductor test information originally developed by Teradyne, but it is now a de facto standard widely used throughout the semiconductor industry. It is a commonly used format produced by automatic test equipment (ATE) platforms from companies such as Cohu, Roos Instruments, Teradyne, Advantest, SPEA S.p.A, and others. STDF is a binary format, but can be converted either to an ASCII format known as ATDF or to a tab delimited text file. Decoding the STDF variable length binary field data format to extract ASCII text is non-trivial as it involves a detailed comprehension of the STDF specification, the current (2007) version 4 specification being over 100 pages in length. Software tools exist for processing STDF generated files and performing statistical analysis on a population of tested devices. Reference: STDF Specifications V4

text:
# Standard Test Data Format

**Standard Test Data Format** (**STDF**) is a proprietary file format for semiconductor test information originally developed by Teradyne, but it is now a de facto standard widely used throughout the semiconductor industry. It is a commonly used format produced by automatic test equipment (ATE) platforms from companies such as Cohu, Roos Instruments, Teradyne, Advantest, SPEA S.p.A, and others.

STDF is a binary format, but can be converted either to an ASCII format known as ATDF or to a tab delimited text file. Decoding the STDF variable length binary field data format to extract ASCII text is non-trivial as it involves a detailed comprehension of the STDF specification, the current (2007) version 4 specification being over 100 pages in length. Software tools exist for processing STDF generated files and performing statistical analysis on a population of tested devices.

Reference: STDF Specifications V4


title: Clue: On Stage

abstract: Clue: On Stage is a murder-mystery farce adapted from the 1985 film Clue, itself based on the popular board game. Sandy Rustin adapted Jonathan Lynn's screenplay for the stage, with additional material by Hunter Foster and Eric Price.

text:
# Clue: On Stage

***Clue: On Stage*** is a murder-mystery farce adapted from the 1985 film *Clue*, itself based on the popular board game. Sandy Rustin adapted Jonathan Lynn's screenplay for the stage, with additional material by Hunter Foster and Eric Price.

## Development

*Clue: On Stage* premiered at Bucks County Playhouse in 2017, starring Sally Struthers as Mrs. Peacock, Erin Dilly as Mrs. White, Kevin Carolan as Colonel Mustard, Brian J. Carter as Mr. Green, Clifton Duncan as Professor Plum, Lindsay Nicole Chambers as Miss Scarlet, Carson Elrod as Wadsworth, and Claire Simba as Yvette. It was adapted and directed by Hunter Foster, with additional material by Eric Price. A national tour was slated to follow.

The 2018 published version of the play credits screenwriter Johnathan Lynn, "with additional material by Hunter Foster, Eric Price and Sandy Rustin." This revised version received its regional premiere at Cleveland Play House in early 2020, directed by Casey Hushion. The show had a west coast premiere at La Mirada Playhouse in 2021, followed by a production at the Paper Mill Playhouse in February 2022.

## National tour (2024)

Directed by Casey Hushion, the 2024 national tour of *Clue* is based on the Paper Mill staging. The Equity tour began performances in February at the Orpheum Theater in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

### Cast

| Character | 2024 Equity Tour |
| --- | --- |
| Colonel Mustard | John Treacy Egan |
| Miss Scarlet | Michelle Elaine |
| Mrs. Peacock | Joanna Glushak |
| Mrs. White | Tari Kelly |
| Wadsworth | Mark Price |
| Mr. Green | John Shartzer |
| Professor Plum | Jonathan Spivey |
| Mr. Boddy | Alex Syiek |
| The Cop | Teddy Trice |
| Yvette | Elisabeth Yancey |
| The Cook | Mariah Burks |
|

## Critical Reception

"...a witty, lighthearted, retro romp filled with colorful characters in a creepy old manor house — during a terrible storm, of course," said Laura DeMarco of *The Plain Dealer*.

"...a very fun, very silly 1950s-set whodunit that strikes some contemporary parallels on the way to its grand reveal," according to *The New York Times*.


title: Standard Scottish Rite

abstract: The Standard Scottish Rite is a Masonic rite practiced primarily in Scotland. It is considered one of the oldest rites in Freemasonry, with origins dating back to the late 16th century. The rite is known for its rich history, symbolism, rituals, and focus on brotherly love.

text:
# Standard Scottish Rite

The **Standard Scottish Rite** is a Masonic rite practiced primarily in Scotland. It is considered one of the oldest rites in Freemasonry, with origins dating back to the late 16th century. The rite is known for its rich history, symbolism, rituals, and focus on brotherly love.

## Origins

The earliest origins of Freemasonry in general remain uncertain. However, evidence suggests its roots lie with medieval stonemasons guilds in Scotland and England. These operative masons erected elaborate cathedrals and castles across Britain. They kept many trade secrets and passed down knowledge through generations.

As work on cathedrals declined in the 16th century, lodges began accepting honorary members not employed in the masonry trade. These gentlemen masons gradually transformed lodges into speculative societies focused on moral instruction and fellowship rather than stonework. The earliest record of non-operative masonry comes from the Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1. Its minutes date back to 1599, establishing it as the world's oldest Masonic lodge.

In the 17th century, hundreds more speculative lodges emerged in Scotland. These lodges developed local rituals but followed similar practices and teachings on the whole. For example, most required members to learn secret modes of recognition to prove their identity as Freemasons. Lodges also incorporated moral allegories and teachings of the Seven Liberal Arts and Sciences into their rituals.

### Spread and Evolution

In the 18th century, Scottish lodges spread beyond Scotland along with the growing British Empire. The Grand Lodge of Scotland began chartering daughter lodges in England, Europe, and the American colonies. These new lodges practiced early forms of the Scottish Rite, helping spread its teachings globally. At the same time, influxes of new members gradually shaped the rite into its modern form.

Lodges in England proved pivotal in this evolution. In 1717, four English lodges formed the first Grand Lodge of England. This body soon rivaled the Grand Lodge of Scotland in prestige. It developed a new standardized Masonic rite called Emulation. As Emulation lodges proliferated, they influenced rituals even in Scotland itself. Thus, while the Scottish Rite maintained its unique traditions, it also assimilated some features from England.

Meanwhile, exposés of Masonic rituals began circulating in the 1720s. To protect secrets, some lodges made subtle changes to passwords and symbols. Grand Lodges also formalized rules against writing down rituals. This spurred the Scottish Rite's oral tradition, cementing the custom of memorization.

## Ritual and Traditions

The Standard Scottish Rite is renowned for being an oral tradition, with rituals and lectures committed to memory. This tradition stems from medieval operative lodges, where trade secrets were passed down verbally. Even today, there is no definitive written ritual. Individual lodges have autonomy over their practices. However, the rite's essential rituals, teachings, and symbolism remain consistent.

Some key characteristics include:

* Blue lodge degrees of Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, and Master Mason, often conferred in a single session.
* Deacons who guide candidates through degree rituals.
* A Lecturer who delivers educational lectures to members.
* Diligent examination of visitors to prove Masonic identity.
* Prayers and invocations with Christian references.
* Legends and symbolism referring to the Saints John.
* Allegories on the importance of geometry and the Seven Liberal Arts and Sciences.
* Tools and traditions stemming from medieval stonemasons. For example, lodges meet on the ground floor to represent ancient lodges' earthbound locations.

## Regalia and Symbols

Members of the Scottish Rite can be identified by their characteristic regalia and symbols, including:

* Blue or black aprons with the square and compass for Master Masons.
* Sashes and jackets featuring tartan patterns.
* Trident and Shaft jewels, representing a builder's tool.
* The double-headed eagle, a symbol of Scottish Rite sovereignty.
* Use of the Royal Arch triple tau symbol.
* Working tools like the square, compasses, plumb-line and level.

## Influence

By the 19th century, over 1,200 Masonic lodges worked under the Grand Lodge of Scotland. Scottish immigrants helped spread the rite across the British Empire and into the Americas. The rite also inspired new rites like the York and American Rites.

Today, elements of the Scottish Rite can be seen across regular Freemasonry worldwide. However, full Scottish Rite traditions remain centered in Scotland. The oldest lodge, Lodge Mother Kilwinning No. 0, has records dating to 1598 but may be older. Other venerable lodges like Lodge Canongate Kilwinning No. 2, Lodge Holyrood House (St. Luke's) No. 44 and Lodge Journeymen No. 8 continue centuries-old traditions. Through commitment to their unique history and rituals, these lodges preserve the foundations of Freemasonry's oldest rite.

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