title: Expo 2017

abstract: Expo 2017 Astana was an International Exposition which took place from June 10 to September 10, 2017 in Astana, Kazakhstan. The expo's theme was "Future Energy", and aimed to create a global debate between countries, nongovernmental organizations, companies and the general public on the crucial question: "How do we ensure safe and sustainable access to energy for all while reducing CO2 emissions?"

text:
# Expo 2017

**Expo 2017 Astana** was an International Exposition which took place from June 10 to September 10, 2017 in Astana, Kazakhstan. The expo's theme was "Future Energy", and aimed to create a global debate between countries, nongovernmental organizations, companies and the general public on the crucial question: "How do we ensure safe and sustainable access to energy for all while reducing CO2 emissions?"

## Theme

The theme chosen for the Expo 2017 was "Future Energy". The theme was aimed to concentrate on the future of energy, and on innovative and practical energy solutions and their impacts.

The Expo 2017's subtitle was "Solutions for Tackling Humankind’s Greatest Challenge." Therefore, the Expo showcased future energy solutions tackling social, economic and environmental challenges.

## Preparation

On November 22, 2012, Astana was chosen by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) as the venue to host Expo 2017. It was the first time that a major international exhibition of this kind was hosted in a country from the former Soviet Union. More than 100 countries and 10 international organizations were expected to participate. Around 2-3 million people were expected to visit the international pavilions from June to September 2017.

25 hectares (62 acres) was planned for the pavilions of Expo 2017. The site has a convenient access to Astana's city center, the international airport and the railway station. The Expo Site is also linked with a network of Kazakhstan's inter-city roads to ensure a quick access from all the country. Construction of the pavilions began in April 2014 with 20 companies from Kazakhstan and 49 companies from around the globe.

Nur Alem itself is located in the epicenter of technological innovation, where young investors can develop start-up projects, research scientific inventions and implement their business ideas.

Designs were considered for the grounds of Expo 2017 from architects in the UK, USA, Germany, Austria, Netherlands and China. But the lead design contract was awarded to Chicago-based Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture.

On April 24, 2014, the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev took part in a capsule-laying ceremony of the Astana Expo 2017 Exhibition Center construction in Astana, which will be located near the Nazarbayev University.

Astana submitted its registration bid to the BIE in December 2013, as planned.

On June 13, 2015, the Chief Executive Officer of Astana Expo 2017 organization committee, Talgat Yermegiyaev, was indicted for corruption. The new CEO is Astana mayor Adilbek Zhaksybekov.

Kazakhstan's largest airline, Air Astana, was named the "Official Air Carrier of Expo 2017”.

In preparation for the Expo 2017 the administration of Astana launched several "smart city" projects. The projects imply introduction of digital technologies in such areas as payment, education and healthcare.

The Energy Best Practices Area (eBPA) Pavilion at Expo 2017 showcased the 17 best energy-generating projects. These projects were selected from 136 submitted from more than 25 countries.

## Construction

Over 100 companies, including Zaha Hadid Architects, UNStudio, Snøhetta, HOK, and Coop Himmelb(l)au, participated in a competition to design the grounds of Expo 2017. Chicago firm Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture (AS+GG) won the competition for the design idea. The main project, according to the design was realised by Swiss company IT-Engineering.

Several national and international construction companies were awarded contracts to build the grounds. The main contractor Mabetex Group, and Sembol, CC Bazis-A LLC, ABK Kurylys-1 LLC, Turquaz-YDA Stroy LLC, Sredazenergostry LLC have completed the construction part. The financing of project is done by the Kazakhstan Government and some private investor like Plast Invest Production LLP, Sonik Company LLP, PolimerMetal-T LLP and Alyugal LLP.

## Participation

The number of countries that confirmed their participation in Expo 2017 by September 2016 reached 101, which is higher than anticipated.

U.S. Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz and Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs Nisha Biswal announced in November 2016 at the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Washington, D.C. that APCO Worldwide, a global communications consultancy, was selected as the chief organizing partner for the U.S. Pavilion at EXPO 2017. The USA Pavilion in Astana was organized and operated by a U.S. private-sector company. However, traditionally it is managed solely by the U.S. Department of State. The official theme of the USA Pavilion is “The Source of Infinite Energy”. The USA Pavilion worked to inspire the next generation of ambassadors.

115 states and 22 international organizations confirmed their participation in EXPO 2017 in Astana. This turnout exceeded the organizing company's expectations of 100 countries and 10 international organizations. Since June 10 through September 9, the EXPO-2017 International Specialized Exhibition was visited by over 3,86 million people. The average daily attendance amounted to 22,840 visits.

### Participating countries

The countries who participated in Expo 2017 were:

### Corporate participation

Multinational corporations who sponsored Expo 2017, were Samsung, Cisco Systems, and Shell. Kazakh sponsors include NCOC, Air Astana, JSC Kazkommertsbank, JSC Samruk Energy, and JSC Kazpochta.

Expo 2017 attracted €125 million in sponsorships from large international companies. The sponsors of Expo 2017 included Samsung, Shell, Chevron and others.

APCO Worldwide won the bid to manage the USA Pavilion that was spirited with the theme "Infinite Energy".

### International organizations

Astana Expo 2017 and UN World Tourism Organization signed a memorandum of cooperation. The memorandum envisions organizing a joint conference on “Tourism and the Energy of the Future” in late June during the exposition. International organizations that confirmed their participation in Expo 2017 also include the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Abu Dhabi.

And 2 years after the international exhibition, a new IT university was opened on the territory of EXPO-2017, which was named "Astana IT University". The higher educational institution has occupied one of the EXPO pavilions, where at the moment they train qualified personnel in the field of IT technologies. The language of instruction at the university is English. The higher educational institution includes 8 educational programs, which were joined in 2020 by the 9th - Digital Journalism. The list of educational programs from 2020 is as follows: Software Engineering, Big data analysis, Computer science, Industrial automation, Media technologies, Cybersecurity, Telecommunication systems, IT Management and Digital journalism. The state annually provides the university with targeted state grants that are distributed among applicants based on the results of the Unified National Testing. In the state competition grants, it is necessary to select a group of educational programs for an identical combination of core subjects of the Unified National Testing, and for the educational program "Digital Journalism" the results of creative exams and 2 subjects of the Unified National Testing (reading literacy and history of Kazakhstan) are taken into account. Also, the EXPO 2017 pavilion has allocated a modern residential complex, equipped as a student house for nonresident students.

### Ambassador for Expo 2017

In March 2016, unified middleweight boxing world champion Gennady Golovkin became an official ambassador for Astana Expo 2017. Gennady Golovkin is originally from Karaganda, Kazakhstan.

## Post-Expo Use

The Expo 2017 grounds and pavilion space have been converted into commercial space for corporate, startups, education and research entities. The anchor tenant of the converted Expo grounds is the Astana International Financial Centre. The AIFC governor has suggested the facilities could be home to blockchain and concurrency technology companies and startups.

## Host selection

On 1 July 2010, during the 147th session of the General Assembly of the BIE, held in Paris, Kazakhstan announced its intention to participate in the bidding process to host the International Specialized Exhibition at Astana in 2017, hence giving cities with counter-bids six months to respond. One other candidate city applied: Liège in Belgium. The winning candidate was selected by the BIE on 22 November 2012 in Paris.

### Candidate cities

The following cities bid to host Expo 2017:

| City | Country | Theme |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Astana | Kazakhstan | *Future Energy* |
| Liège | Belgium | *Connecting the World, Linking People, Better Living Together* |

### Cities that did not bid

The following cities had considered bidding to host Expo 2017:

| City | Country |
| --- | --- |
| Belgrade | Serbia |
| Edmonton (see Edmonton Expo 2017) | Canada |
| Lille | France |
| Newcastle | Australia |
| Salamanca | Spain |
| Stavanger | Norway |
| Sydney | Australia |

### Astana candidacy

The city of Astana, which won the UNESCO Cities for Peace award, is the capital of Kazakhstan. It applied to host the International Exposition in 2017 on 10 June 2011 through Rapil Jochibayev, head of project coordination. The official presentation of the city's application took place during the 149th General Meeting of the Bureau International des Expositions.

On 10 June 2012, the country launched its promotional campaign to support the candidacy of Astana.

The city of Astana suggested the topic of "Future Energy. Action for global sustainability" as the exhibition's theme. During the symposium on Astana's candidacy, the BIE Secretary General, Vincente Gonzales Loscertales, declared:

> Energy is one of RIO+20’s seven critical issues and the topic of Astana Expo gives the opportunity to gather several suggestions. Five years after RIO+20’s, Astana could represent an ideal step towards the assessment in 2012 of some of the commitments that were made…

As an element of the campaign held to support the candidacy of Astana, the committee shot the film *Astana Expo 2017. "The Great Expectation of Kazakhstan"*. The video was awarded the Silver Dolphin prize of the Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards on October, in the " corporate videos " category.

On June 15, 2013, the French government and solar energy partners in France teamed up with the Expo 2017 organizing committee to sponsor the Sun Trip. 35 bikers from around Europe, North America, and Kazakhstan traveled on solar powered bicycles from the outskirts of Paris to Astana in two months to show the world that solar energy is viable source of power.

### Liège candidacy

The city of Liège, the heart of Belgium's third largest conurbation (600,000 inhabitants), is the economic capital of Wallonia.

Over ten years, it has rolled out an ambitious redevelopment strategy. The city and the conurbation are undergoing a make-over with the aim of spawning a service economy focusing on centres of excellence.

The policy of ambitious structuring projects, orchestrated by the public authorities and supported by businesses, universities and institutes, is giving the Liege region a new lease of life. While awaiting the arrival of the tram, a scheme initiated by the Walloon Government, several major projects are underway: the Royal Opera of Wallonia, an institution with an international reputation, is being restored; the Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art will be transformed into an International Centre of Art and Culture, etc.

The impacts of this strategy are that the City of Liege attracts new inhabitants; it has reclaimed its position as Wallonia's main tourist destination; Liege airport ranks eighth in Europe for freight transport (1st in Belgium), the autonomous port of Liege is the biggest Belgian inland port and the third European port in terms of transported tonnage.

The district is also the seat of world-renowned companies, such as AB InBev, Mittal, Umicore, FN Herstal, Techspace Aero, EVS Broadcast, Amos or Eurogentec. Most of them have prompted the emergence of competence clusters in areas in which Liege excels: aeronautics, the metalworking industry and mechanics, space, biotechnologies, information technologies, or again, agrifood.

The city wants to build on this positive momentum to organise an event with an international scope that will constitute the crowning achievement of the economic and urban reconversion strategy of the Liege Region.

Holding an International Expo in Liege in 2017 would have offered an opportunity to:

* showcase Belgium's strengths and success stories in the economic, scientific and cultural arenas;
* put Belgium, its Regions and Communities on the world map for all the right reasons;
* symbolise the success of the industrial and urban reconversion of the Liege Region.

### Candidates in North America

In North America, at least four cities and organizations in Canada proposed staging an international exposition in 2017 to coincide with the Canada's 150th anniversary of confederation. Due to Canada's previous experiences with Expo 67 and Expo 86, and the fact North America has not staged an expo since 1986, it was generally believed among promoters that Canada would stand a good chance of winning an expo in 2017.

The earliest concerted initiative—for an expo to be staged in Montreal—was launched by Vancouver-based NGO Expo 17 Inc, which released a 51-page proposal tailored to Montreal's existing Vision 2025 report put together by the Société du Havre. The Expo 17 proposal (and web site) strongly advocated Canadian unity and social/environmental sustainability. Specifics of the proposal included "saving the Saint Lawrence River" and revisiting the Habitat 67 housing concept that had featured as a prototype for Expo 67. The proposal suggested staging up to three smaller expos (recognized, horticultural and housing expos) to achieve maximum impact and attendance. The proposal and web site were launched in 2007 on the 40th anniversary of Expo 67. The Expo 17 group, after announcing its withdrawal from Montreal, committed itself to promoting alternative sesquicentennial events, particularly of pronounced social and environmental value.

The cities of Ottawa and Hamilton, Ontario explored the possibility of an expo in 2017, but declined to submit a proposal to the Department of Canadian Heritage.

In the spring of 2009, the Department of Canadian Heritage, informed cities in Canada that any interest in staging an Expo in 2017 would have to be expressed with a Letter of Intent before May 29, 2009 followed by a full proposal no later than November 30, 2009. Ottawa, Hamilton and Montreal declined while Edmonton, with a bid proposal already prepared, decided to push forward. Albertan rival Calgary also submitted a letter of intent in late May just before the filing deadline, surprising the Edmonton bid committee and igniting intra-provincial tensions. Calgary decided not to proceed with a full proposal, deciding instead to invest in alternative ways to improve the city. Being the only remaining candidate, Edmonton was granted the sole Canadian right to bid for Expo 2017 internationally.

#### Edmonton bid

A high-level feasibility study was first conducted for Edmonton Expo 2017 in 2007 but the proposal moved further towards serious consideration after city representatives visited Expo 2008 (a recognized expo) in Zaragoza, Spain. On October 29, 2008, Edmonton City Council approved pursuing this next step on the condition of Government of Alberta support and cost-sharing. Themes suggested for Edmonton such as "A New Silk Road: Trade and Commerce", championed by MLA Gary Mar and city councillor Mike Nickel, indicating a commercial approach, but the proposed expo later decided to shift the focus to energy and environmental concerns, with the theme "Harmony of Energy and Our Future Planet".

The bid organizers estimated costs to total C$2.3 billion to be funded by municipal, provincial and federal governments as well as private sector sponsorship. News broke on November 22, 2010 that the federal government had declined to approve funds for the Expo – estimated at C$706 million, stating that the project was far too expensive and financially risky. Edmonton's mayor Stephen Mandel was shocked and said "I've never been as mad at anything and just so disappointed in the lack of vision of a government… This decision is frankly wrong and extremely short-sighted". The lack of federal funding effectively ended Edmonton's bid for Expo 2017.

## InfoBox

| 2017 Astana | |
| --- | --- |
| Official logo | |
| Overview | |
| BIE-class | Specialized exposition |
| Category | International Recognized Exhibition |
| Name | Expo 2017 |
| Motto | Future's Energy |
| Area | 25 hectares (62 acres) |
| Visitors | 3,997,545 |
| Mascot | Saule, Kuat and Moldir |
| Participant(s) | |
| Countries | 112 |
| Location | |
| Country | Kazakhstan |
| City | Astana |
| Coordinates | 51°05′28.5″N 71°24′46.1″E / 51.091250°N 71.412806°E / 51.091250; 71.412806 |
| Timeline | |
| Bidding | July 1, 2010 (2010-07-01) |
| Awarded | November 22, 2012 (2012-11-22) |
| Opening | June 10, 2017 (2017-06-10) |
| Closure | September 10, 2017 (2017-09-10) |
| Specialized expositions | |
| Previous | Expo 2012 in Yeosu |
| Next | Expo 2023 in Buenos Aires (cancelled) |
| Universal expositions | |
| Previous | Expo 2015 in Milan |
| Next | Expo 2020 in Dubai |
| Horticultural expositions | |
| Previous | Expo 2016 in Antalya |
| Next | Expo 2019 in Beijing |
| Internet | |
| Website | www.expo2017astana.com/en/ |


title: Expo 2015 pavilions

abstract: This article contains the details of the pavilions in Expo 2015. The 2015 World Expo Milan covers more than 2.9 square kilometers and contains more than 70 exposition pavilions. More than 145 countries and 50 international organizations registered to participate in the 2015 Milan Expo.

text:
# Expo 2015 pavilions

This article contains the details of the **pavilions** in Expo 2015. The 2015 World Expo Milan covers more than 2.9 square kilometers and contains more than 70 exposition pavilions. More than 145 countries and 50 international organizations registered to participate in the 2015 Milan Expo.

## Theme pavilions

There are 5 theme areas:

* Pavilion Zero, which serves as an introduction to the Expo;
* *Future Food District* which displays a modern and hyper-technological supermarket
* *Children's park*, an area dedicated to kids exploring the Expo theme
* a *Biodiversity Park* which includes a garden and two pavilions
* *Arts & Foods: rituals since 1851* exhibition hosted at the satellite venue Triennale di Milano.

In addition the Media Center, which looks exactly like Pavilion Zero, welcomes visitors at the west entrance of the exhibition.

## National pavilions

147 of the world's 196 nations were represented at Expo 2015, either in stand-alone pavilions or within larger pavilions.

| Country | Image | Designer | Description | Award(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Afghanistan |  |  | *Eating for Longevity, Afghanistan Amazingly Real*, a 125-metre section within the *Spices* cluster. |  |
| Albania |  |  | *Our Food, Our Story, Our Mystery...* within the Bio-Mediterraneum cluster |  |
| Algeria |  |  | This pavilion's theme was *Agricultural Heritage and Technological Development for Food Self-Sufficiency* and describes how difficult hunting and obtaining water is in its arid conditions. There was also a food area which served cous cous and other offerings from the national cuisine. |  |
| Angola |  |  |  | BIE award 2nd place for theme development (over 2000 metres)
1st prize of the World Association of Agronomists |
| Argentina |  |  | Theme 'Argentina feeds you'. The pavilion was designed to resemble four silos |  |
| Austria |  | Klaus K. Loenhart of terrain:loenhart&mayr | The pavilion was a lush outdoor forest, giving visitors the opportunity to meander through and enjoy a breath of fresh air. | *Exhibitor* Magazine best pavilion honorable mention
*Exhibitor* Magazine best interpretation of theme honorable mention
BIE award winner for best display (under 2000 metres) |
| Azerbaijan |  | Simmetrico Network | Theme 'Protection of Organic Food and Biodiversity for Future Generations' | *Exhibitor* Magazine best small pavilion winner
Honorable mention sustainability award for Design and Materials |
| Bahrain |  | Designed by Anne Holtrop and Anouk Vogel | Contained 10 connected fruit gardens | Honorable mention sustainability award for Design and Materials
BIE award 2nd place for architecture and landscape (over 2000 metres) |
| Bangladesh |  |  | Theme 'Sustainability in Rice Production for Better Life Under Changing Climate' Includes information about rice capable of adapting to climate change developed by the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute |  |
| Belarus |  |  | Theme: *The Wheel of Life* |  |
| Belgium |  | Designed by Patrick Genard in collaboration with Marc Belderbos, construction by Besix - Vanhout |  | *Exhibitor* Magazine best exhibit honorable mention for *The Cave*
Honorable mention sustainability award for Design and Materials |
| Benin |  |  | Theme: *At the Heart of Benin's Cuisine, Nutrition for a Life Bursting with Energy* |  |
| Bolivia |  |  | Theme: *Quinoa, a Future Sown Thousands of Years Ago* |  |
| Brazil |  | Studio Arthur Casas |  | *Exhibitor* Magazine best 'Elements & Detail' honorable mention for *The Net* |
| Brunei |  |  | Theme *Science and Technology for Food Safety, Security and Quality*. Part of the spices cluster |  |
| Burundi |  |  | Theme *A Discovery of the Five Senses: Burundi*, part of the coffee cluster |  |
| Chile |  | Undurraga Devés Arquitectos | The pavilion is a wooden box: a suspended structure with a large wooden lintel enclosed by a frame of crossed beams and supported by four concrete pillars that create an intermediate space and a clear horizon. | BIE award 2nd place for architecture and landscape (under 2000 metres) |
| China |  | Studio Link-Arc | The building's predominant feature is its complex roof form. From the front it appears to be a series of curves, while at the back it forms a row of rectilinear shapes. | *Exhibitor* Magazine' best exterior design honorable mention
BIE award 3rd place for architecture and landscape (over 2000 metres) |
| Colombia |  | Theme Concept: Mauricio Cárdenas, Studio Cárdenas; Architecture Concept: Manuel Villa Arquitectos; Architectural Design: Mauricio Cárdenas, Studio Cárdenas | The Colombia Pavilion theme was "Naturally Sustainable", a concept that was experienced throughout the exhibition of the five thermal floors the country has: hot, temperate, cold, moorland and perennial snow. The possibility of having a stable temperature during 365 days, allows the country to be a constant food producer, a breadbasket of the world. The archietecture of the pavilion was inspired in Colombia's geography having 4 modules of different height and extension. | Colombia Pavilion received second place in the category "Best heritage for future generations" special prize given by the World Association of Agronomists at the Class Expo Pavilion Heritage Award. |
| Czech Republic |  | Chybík + Kristof |  | BIE award 3rd place for architecture and landscape (under 2000 metres) |
| Dominican Republic |  |  | Theme: *Empowering Family Farmers so They Can Feed Themselves, Their Communities, and the World* and part of the coffee cluster. The pavilion was run by the Laboratorio de Arquitectura Dominicana (LAD) |  |
| Egypt |  |  | Theme *EGYPT, the Never Ending Story* |  |
| Estonia |  | Kadarik Tüür Arhitektid | Theme *Gallery of* | BIE award 3rd place for best display (under 2000 metres) |
| France |  | XTU Architects |  | *Exhibitor* Magazine editor's choice honorable mention
BIE award winner for architecture and landscape (over 2000 metres) |
| Germany |  | Schmidhuber | The German pavilion attempted to reproduce the landscape of the typical rural areas of its country; stylized trees emerged from the ground alongside the external exhibition area. The largest pavilion at Expo 2015 | *Exhibitor* Magazine best pavilion winner
*Exhibitor* Magazine best activity/interactive winner for *Seed Boards*
*Exhibitor* Magazine best use of technology honorable mention for *Photovoltaic Cells*
BIE award winner for theme development (over 2000 metres) |
| Guatemala |  |  | Theme *The Heart of the Mayan World*. Part of the coffee cluster. |  |
| Hungary |  | Attila Ertsey and Herczeg Ágnes Sándor Sárkány | Theme *From The Purest Sources* |  |
| India |  |  | India participated via the *Basmati pavilion* in the rice cluster |  |
| Indonesia |  |  | Theme *The stage of the world* |  |
| Iran |  |  |  | BIE award 2nd place for best display (under 2000 metres) |
| Ireland |  |  |  | BIE award 3rd place for theme development (under 2000 metres) |
| Israel |  | David Knafo | The Israeli pavilion introduced the technological agriculture in Israel, was called "Fields of Tomorrow", and its presenter was Israeli Moran Atias | *Exhibitor* Magazine best exterior design honorable mention
Honorable mention sustainability award for Design and Materials |
| Italy |  | Nemesi & Partners |  |  |
| Japan |  | Hakuhodo Design Inc. | The pavilions symbol was 6 iwaibashi (chopsticks with two thin ends) arranged to form an 'E'
The pavilion was designed to represent a 'bowl of diversity' and constructed with three-dimensional wooden grid made by combining traditional Japanese wooden framework with recent understanding of compressive strain | *Exhibitor* Magazine best presentation winner for *Harmony*
BIE award winner for best installation (over 2000 metres) |
| Kazakhstan |  | Facts and Fiction GmbH |  | *Exhibitor* Magazine best activity/interactive honorable mention for *Interactive Floor Relief*
*Exhibitor* Magazine editor's choice winner
BIE award 3rd place for theme development (over 2000 metres) |
| Kuwait |  |  |  | *Exhibitor* Magazine best 'Elements & Detail' honorable mention for *Dhow Sails*
*Exhibitor* Magazine people's choice honorable mention |
| Lebanon |  |  | Theme: *Cuisine: the Lebanese Art & Soul*, part of the Bio-Mediterraneum cluster. |  |
| Lithuania |  |  | Theme: *Well of Knowledge: Experienced Future* |  |
| Malaysia |  |  | Theme *Towards a Sustainable Food Ecosystem*
The pavilion comprises 4 structures designed to resemble seeds, and made is from glued laminated timber |  |
| Mexico |  | Francisco Lopez Guerra | The pavilion is a volume wrapped by structures that resemble the dried corn husks | *Exhibitor* Magazine best use of technology honorable mention for *Bar Code Stickers*
*Exhibitor* Magazine editor's choice honorable mention
BIE award 2nd place for theme development (under 2000 metres) |
| Monaco |  | Enrico Pollino was the architect and Facts and Fiction designed the space. | After Expo 2015 the pavilion was intended to be dismantled and re-erected in Burkina Faso as a Red Cross building | *Exhibitor* Magazine best interpretation of theme honorable mention |
| Morocco |  |  |
2nd or 3rd prize of the World Association of Agronomists |
| Nepal |  | Implementing Expert Group (IEG) (who also designed Nepal's pavilions at the 1988, 1990, 2000 and 2010 expos | Theme *Food security and sustainable development* |  |
| Netherlands |  | Totems Amsterdam | The pavilion is a sort of Luna Park composed of a sequence of spaces of different sizes and colours, each one able to host exhibitions and events in an open, free-flowing arrangement. | Award for "Less expensive and most commercial pavilion" |
| Oman |  |  |  |  |
| Poland |  | Piotr Musiałowski |  |  |
| Qatar |  |  |  | *Exhibitor* Magazine best activity/interactive honorable mention for *Interactive Food Table*
*Exhibitor* Magazine people's choice winner |
| Romania |  |  |  |  |
| Russia |  | Speech Architecture |  | BIE award 3rd place for best installation (over 2000 metres) |
| Slovakia |  | Karol Kállay | *Slovakia. Recharge yourself* |  |
| Slovenia |  | SoNo Arhitekti | Theme *I feel SLOVENIA. Green, active and healthy* |  |
| South Korea |  | Archiban | Theme *Hansik, Food for the Future:You are What You Eat*. The pavilion is inspired by traditional Korean pottery, being built in the form of an enormous "Moon Jar" | BIE silver award for exhibition design
or for best installation (over 2000 metres) |
| Spain |  | Designed by b720 - Fermín Vázquez Arquitectos |  |  |
| Switzerland |  | Netwerch |  | *Exhibitor* Magazine best exhibit honorable mention for *San Gottardo — Acqua per l'Europa*
*Exhibitor* Magazine best interpretation of theme winner |
| Thailand |  |  |  |  |
| Turkey |  |  | The pavilion consisted of 3 main divisions of indoor, semi-outdoor and outdoor venues on a total area of 4.170-square-meter, which includes 7 semi-outdoor distinct chambers |  |
| United Arab Emirates |  | Foster and Partners | After Expo 2015 the pavilion is to be demounted and reerected in Masdar City | *Exhibitor* Magazine best pavilion honorable mention
*Exhibitor* best exterior design winner\**Exhibitor* Magazine people's choice honorable mention |
| United Kingdom |  | Wolfgang Buttress | The pavilion is called "The Hive" | *Exhibitor* Magazine best exhibit winner for *The Hive*
International Jury prize
BIE award winner for architecture and landscape (under 2000 metres) |
| United States |  | Designed by Biber Architects | The pavilion is a multi-level building which includes a vertical farm | *Exhibitor* Magazine best 'Elements & Detail' winner for *Vertical Farm'* |
| Vatican City |  | Quattro Associati | Theme *Not by Bread Alone. At the Lord's Table with all Mankind* | BIE award winner for theme development (under 2000 metres) |
| Vietnam |  | Vo Trong Nghia | Theme *Water and Lotus* |  |

## Clusters

Expo 2015 was the first universal expo at which countries that didn't self-build were grouped by theme or supply chain rather than geography into one of nine *clusters*.

| Cluster | Image | Designer | Theme | Participants |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Arid zones |  |  | *Agriculture and Nutrition in Arid Zones* (Supply chain) | Djibouti, Eritrea, Jordan, Mauritania, Mali, Palestine, Senegal, Somalia and the UN |
| Bio-Mediterraneum |  |  | *Bio-Mediterraneum - Health, Beauty and Harmony* (Theme) |  |
| Cereals and Tubers |  |  | *Cereals and Tubers – Old and New Crops* (Supply chain) |  |
| Cocoa and Chocolate |  | Fabrizio Leoni, Mauricio Cardenas, and Cesare Ventura for the concept and exhibition layout | *Cocao and Chocolate – the Food of Gods* (Supply chain) | Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Gabon, Ghana, São Tomé and Príncipe and the UN |
| Coffee |  |  | *Coffee - the Engine of Ideas* (Supply chain) |  |
| Fruits and Legumes |  |  | *Fruits and Legumes* (Supply chain) |  |
| Islands, Sea, and Food |  |  | *Islands, Sea, and Food* (Theme) |  |
| Rice |  | Agnese Rebaglio, Davide Crippa, Barbara Di Prete and Francesco Tosi | *Abundance and Security* (Supply chain) | Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Sierra Leone, the *Basmati Pavilion* and a UN display |
| Spices |  | *The World of Spices* (Supply chain) |  |

## Corporate pavilions

The Milan World Expo had a number of corporate pavilions.

| Company | Image | Designer | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Coca-Cola Company |  |  |  |
| Coop |  |  |  |
| Enel Pavilion |  |  |  |
| Love It - Copagri |  | EMBT |  |
| OVS and Coin Excelsior Pavilions |  | Zito+Pedron Architects | The pavilions designed by Marco Zito and Alessandro Pedron consist of two semi-identical "L" rotated by 180° and placed next to each other, almost interlocking. The metal façades are made of brushed aluminum and etched corten sheets. It serves as the official gift shop for the Expo. |
| Slow Food Pavilion |  | Herzog & De Meuron |  |
| Vanke |  | Daniel Libeskind |  |
| Waterstone - Intesa Sanpaolo Pavilion |  | aMDL |  |
| Intesa Sanpaolo Bancomat Pavilion |  | D2U |  |
|

## Other pavilions

Almost 50 international organisations participanted in the expo, some had their own pavilions, and some were shared.

| Organisation | Image | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Caritas |  | Caritas's pavilion was designed by Piuarch consisted of stacked white boxes |
| Don Bosco |  | At the end of the expo the pavilion was intended to be dismantled then transported to Ukraine to continue Don Bosco's work |
| Duomo factory |  | A pavilion for the Venerable Factory of the Duomo of Milan |
| EU |  | Received an honorable mention for its presentation *The Golden Ear*, |
| Save the Children |  | Save the Children |
| UN |  |  |
| WAA-CONAF |  | A pavilion designed by Enzo Eusebi shared by World Association of Agronomists and CONAF |

## Taiwan Pavilion

45°31′7″N 9°6′24″E / 45.51861°N 9.10667°E / 45.51861; 9.10667


title: Eylem Şenkal

abstract: Eylem Şenkal is a Turkish model, TV star and volleyball player in Turkey. She did her secondary studies in Kadir Has High School and then registered at Istanbul University and she graduated in Sport Academy of Marmara University. In sports, she was a professional volleyball player for Fenerbahçe and she played for the national team. She also played for Yeşilyurt. She returned to volleyball again after many years and currently she plays for Teşvikiye İhtisas SK at the amateur level.

text:
# Eylem Şenkal

**Eylem Şenkal** (born 21 June 1976) is a Turkish model, TV star and volleyball player in Turkey.

She did her secondary studies in Kadir Has High School and then registered at Istanbul University and she graduated in Sport Academy of Marmara University.

In sports, she was a professional volleyball player for Fenerbahçe and she played for the national team. She also played for Yeşilyurt. She returned to volleyball again after many years and currently she plays for Teşvikiye İhtisas SK at the amateur level.


title: Eyles-Stiles baronets

abstract: The Eyles, later Eyles-Stiles Baronetcy, of London, was a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain. It was created on 1 December 1714 for the merchant and director of the Honourable East India Company, Francis Eyles. The second baronet was Lord Mayor of London from 1726 to 1727. He married Mary, daughter of Joseph Haskins Stiles of Moor Park, Rickmansworth, and their son, the third baronet, assumed the additional surname of Stiles. The title became extinct on the death of the fourth baronet in 1768. Sir John Eyles, elder brother of the first baronet, was Lord Mayor of London in 1688. Sir Joseph Eyles, fourth son of the first baronet, was Member of Parliament for Devizes and Southwark.

text:
# Eyles-Stiles baronets

The **Eyles**, later **Eyles-Stiles Baronetcy**, of London, was a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain. It was created on 1 December 1714 for the merchant and director of the Honourable East India Company, Francis Eyles. The second baronet was Lord Mayor of London from 1726 to 1727. He married Mary, daughter of Joseph Haskins Stiles of Moor Park, Rickmansworth, and their son, the third baronet, assumed the additional surname of Stiles. The title became extinct on the death of the fourth baronet in 1768.

Sir John Eyles, elder brother of the first baronet, was Lord Mayor of London in 1688. Sir Joseph Eyles, fourth son of the first baronet, was Member of Parliament for Devizes and Southwark.

## Eyles, later Eyles-Stiles Baronets, of London (1714)


title: FC Minsk-2

abstract: Minsk-2 was a Belarusian football club based in Minsk and was a reserve team of FC Minsk.

text:
# FC Minsk-2

**Minsk-2** was a Belarusian football club based in Minsk and was a reserve team of FC Minsk.

## History

The team was formed in 1954 as **FShM Minsk** (***F**utbolnaya **Sh**khola **M**olodyozhi*, or *Football School of Youth*) and was essentially a student team. During Soviet years, they spent the most of their seasons playing only in youth competitions, although they also spent several seasons in senior Belarusian SSR league. They adopted name **Smena Minsk** in 1989.

In 1992 Smena joined newly created Belarusian Second League. After several seasons spent in Second and First leagues as well as one season (1996) at youth level, the team partnered BATE Borisov and became their reserve/feeder team under the name **Smena-BATE Minsk**. The partnership ended in 2000 and the team reverted their name to **Smena Minsk**.

In 2005, while playing in the First League, they launched their own reserve team **Smena-2 Minsk**, who joined Second League.

In early 2006 a new senior professional team **FC Minsk** was founded on the basis of Smena. The new team took over Smena's First League license, the majority of the squad and facilities, and replaced Smena in the First League. A reserve team Smena-2 was renamed to Smena for the 2006 season and was folded by the end of the year, as Minsk got promoted to Belarusian Premier League and now had to sign a reserve squad for a separate Premier League Reserves competition.

A successor team **Minsk-2** was created to participate in 2008 Second League season, after Minsk briefly relegated back to the First League. Minsk-2 was reformed again in 2012 as a ground for Minsk football academy graduates. After finishing the season at 5th place, Minsk-2 was invited to join First League as a replacement for disbanded DSK Gomel.

In early 2015, FC Minsk announced that their farm-club Minsk-2 was folded.

## League and Cup history

| Season | League | Pos. | Pl. | W | D | L | GS | GA | P | Cup | Notes | Manager |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1992 | 3D | **1** | 15 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 49 | 15 | **21** | Last 32 |  |  |
| 1992–93 | 2D | **8** | 30 | 12 | 6 | 12 | 42 | 50 | **30** | Last 64 |  |  |
| 1993–94 | 2D | **15** | 28 | 3 | 7 | 18 | 15 | 50 | **13** | Last 32 | Relegated |  |
| 1994–95 | 3D – B | **7** | 22 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 23 | 35 | **19** |  |  |  |
| 1995 | 3D – B | **4** | 12 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 23 | 14 | **19** |  |  |  |
| ? | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1997 | 3D – A | **6** | 26 | 12 | 2 | 12 | 52 | 46 | **38** |  |  |  |
| 1998 | 3D – A | **4** | 26 | 14 | 7 | 5 | 55 | 23 | **49** |  |  |  |
| 1999 | 3D – A | **2** | 24 | 16 | 3 | 5 | 54 | 22 | **51** |  |  |  |
| ? | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2001 | 3D | **18** | 34 | 1 | 1 | 32 | 13 | 119 | **4** |  |  |  |
| 2002 in lower league | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2003 | 3D | **5** | 22 | 12 | 4 | 6 | 50 | 26 | **40** |  |  |  |
| 2004 | 3D | **1** | 24 | 19 | 1 | 4 | 55 | 17 | **58** |  |  |  |
| 2005 | 2D | **5** | 30 | 14 | 8 | 8 | 31 | 23 | **50** |  | 1 |  |
| 2006 | 3D | **13** | 32 | 6 | 9 | 17 | 36 | 68 | **27** | Second round |  |  |
| 2007 | 3D |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2008 | 3D |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|

1*Zmena-2 Minsk* in Third level, club license transferred to FC Minsk. *Zmena-2 Minsk* became first team in 2006.

## InfoBox

Minsk-2
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Minsk-2 |
| Founded | 1954 |
| Dissolved | 2015 |
| Ground | KFP Minsk, Minsk |
| Capacity | 1,500 |
| League | Belarusian First League |
| 2014 | 13th (dissolved) |


title: FC Minsk (women)

abstract: ZFK Minsk is a Belarusian women's football team based in Minsk. It plays its home matches at the FC Minsk Stadium.

text:
# FC Minsk (women)

**ZFK Minsk** is a Belarusian women's football team based in Minsk. It plays its home matches at the FC Minsk Stadium.

## History

It originally competed in the Belarusian Premier League as **Minchanka-BGPU** before becoming the women's section of FC Minsk in 2010. In 2011, it won the national cup, its first title, and soon afterwards it rose to the championship's top positions.

In 2013, it won the championship for the first time, winning all 26 games, along with its second Cup. This qualified the team for UEFA Women's Champions League for the first time.

In 2014, the club succeeded in achieving the double again.

## Honours

## Current squad

*As of 19 March 2024.*

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  GK  RUS Alena Gryaznova  GK  BLR Marjana Brileva  DF  BLR Uljana Asaula  DF  BLR Anastasia Belenkaya  DF  KAZ Mariya Demidova  DF  BLR Angelina Giros  DF  BLR Viktoriya Kazakevich  MF  BLR Valeriya Belaya  MF  BLR Liana Mirashnichenka  MF  BLR Viktoria Natetkova  MF  BLR Lada Pashkovskaya  MF  BLR Viktoria Plisyuk | No. Pos. Nation Player  MF  BLR Aleksandra Samoylova  MF  BLR Karina Stankevich  MF  BLR Valeria Verzhbitskaya  MF  BLR Nadezhda Voskobovich  FW  BLR Miroslava Zubko  MF  BLR Elizaveta Iskareva  FW  BLR Diana Bakum  FW  MOZ Ninika  MF  BLR Anna Godinskaya  MF  BLR Daria Korobanko  DF  BLR Anastasia Novikova  FW  BLR Kristina Kiyanka |
| --- | --- |

### Former Players

*For details of current and former players, see Category:FC Minsk (women) players.*

## UEFA Women's Champions League record

| Season | Stage | Opponents | Results | Scorers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014–15 | Qualifying round | FC Zürich | 1–1 | E. Sunday |
| | | Konak Belediyespor | 1–2 | Kharlanova |
| | | Rigas FS | 7–0 | Buzunova (2), Ishola, Kenda, Miroshnichenko, Otuwe, E. Sunday |
| 2015–16 | Qualifying round | Konak Belediyespor | 10–1 | E. Sunday, Miroshnichenko (2), U. Sunday (5), Özgan (o.g.), Ishola |
| | | SFK Sarajevo | 3–0 | Pilipenko, U. Sunday, Buzunova |
| | | Vllaznia Shkodër | 3–0 | U. Sunday (2), Pilipenko |
| | Round of 32 | Fortuna Hjørring | 0–2 (H), 0–4 (A) |  |
| 2016–17 | Qualifying round | Standard Liège | 3–1 | Ebi, Slesarchik, Duben |
| | | ŽNK Osijek | 5–0 | Ogbiagbevha (3), Duben (2) |
| | | ŽFK Dragon | 9–0 | Yakubu (5), Ogbiagbevha, Otuwe, Lynko, Ebi |
| | Round of 32 | FC Barcelona | 0–3 (H), 1–2 (A) | Ogbiagbevha |
| 2017–18 | Qualifying round | Birkirkara | 8–0 | Pilipenko (3), Linnik, Khimich (2), Duben, Miroshnichenko |
| | | ŽNK Olimpija Ljubljana | 5–0 | Borisenko, Pilipenko, Abambila, Khimich (2) |
| | | FC Zürich | 0–0 |  |
| | Round of 32 | Slavia Praha | 1–3 (H), 3–4 (A) | Khimich (2), Duben, Ogbiagbevha |
| 2018–19 | Qualifying round | ŽNK Olimpija Ljubljana | 6–0 | Pilipenko (2), Ogbiagbevha (2), Shmatko, Diakité |
| | | Slovan Bratislava | 1–0 | Pribilová (o.g.) |
| | | Barcelona FA | 0–2 |  |
| 2019–20 | Qualifying round | Bettembourg | 12–0 | Ogbiagbevha (4), Cissé, Shuppo (2), Khimich (3), Aniset (o.g.), Madiba |
| | | ŽNK Split | 2–1 | Khimich, Ogbiagbevha |
| | | Zhytlobud-1 Kharkiv | 2–0 | Ogbiagbevha, Linnik |
| | Round of 32 | FC Zürich | 1–0 (H), 3–1 (A) | Ogbiagbevha (3), Duben |
| | Round of 16 | FC Barcelona | 0–5 (A), 1–3 (H) | Ogbiagbevha |
| 2020–21 | First qualifying round | Rīgas FS | 3–0 | Kubichnaya, Shmatko, Akaba |
| | Second qualifying round | Vllaznia | 2–0 | Sas, Kharlanova |
| | Round of 32 | LSK Kvinner | 0–2 (H), 1–0 (A) | Skorynina |
| 2021–22 | First qualifying round | Rosenborg | 1–2 | Kuč |
| | | Celtic | 3–2 (a.e.t.) | Kapetanovic, Kuč |
| 2022–23 | First qualifying round | Slovácko | 2–1 | Pobegaylo, Surovtseva |
| | | Rosenborg | 0–1 |  |
| 2023–24 | First qualifying round | Vålerenga | 1–3 | Kiskonen |
| | | Brøndby | 1–2 | Mashina |
| 2024–25 | First qualifying round | Breiðablik | 1–6 | Miroshnichenko |
| | | Eintracht Frankfurt | 0–6 |  |

## InfoBox

FC Minsk
| Full name | Women Football Club Minsk |
| --- | --- |
| Ground | FC Minsk Stadium <br>Minsk, Belarus |
| Capacity | 2,000 |
| Chairman | Andrey Vasilevich |
| Manager | Andrey Pyshnik |
| League | Belarusian Premier League |
| 2023 | 2nd (runners-up) |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: FCGR2C

abstract: Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIc (gene/pseudogene) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGR2C gene.

text:
# FCGR2C

**Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIc (gene/pseudogene)** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGR2C gene.

## Function

This gene encodes one of three members of a family of low-affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptors found on the surface of many immune response cells. The encoded protein is a transmembrane glycoprotein and may be involved in phagocytosis and clearing of immune complexes. An allelic polymorphism in this gene results in both coding and non-coding variants.

## Further reading

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| FCGR2C | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Available structures  PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | FCGR2C, CD32, CD32C, CDW32, FCG2, FCRIIC, IGFR2, Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIc (gene/pseudogene), FcgammaRIIc, Fc gamma receptor IIc (gene/pseudogene) | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 612169; GeneCards: FCGR2C; OMA:FCGR2C - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_001005410
NM\_001005411
NM\_001005412
NM\_201563   n/a   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_963857   n/a   Location (UCSC) n/a n/a  PubMed search  n/a | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human | | | |


title: FASTSAT

abstract: Fast, Affordable, Science and Technology Satellite-Huntsville 01 or FASTSAT-Huntsville 01 of the NASA. FASTSAT-HSV 01 was flying on the STP-S26 mission - a joint activity between NASA and the U.S. Department of Defense Space Test Program, or DoD STP. FASTSAT and all of its six experiments flying on the STP-S26 multi-spacecraft/payload mission have been approved by the Department of Defense Space and Experiments Review Board (USA-220).

text:
# FASTSAT

**Fast, Affordable, Science and Technology Satellite-Huntsville 01** or **FASTSAT-Huntsville 01** of the NASA. FASTSAT-HSV 01 was flying on the STP-S26 mission - a joint activity between NASA and the U.S. Department of Defense Space Test Program, or DoD STP. FASTSAT and all of its six experiments flying on the STP-S26 multi-spacecraft/payload mission have been approved by the Department of Defense Space and Experiments Review Board (USA-220).

## Spacecraft description

The satellite was designed, developed and tested over a period of 14 months at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, in partnership with the Von Braun Center for Science & Innovation and Dynetics, both of Huntsville, and the Department of Defense's Space Test Program.

## Instruments

FASTSAT HSV-01, a microsatellite satellite bus that carried six experiment payloads to low Earth orbit. There were six experiments (3 NASA, 3 DoD), including:

* NanoSail-D, is designed to demonstrate deployment of a compact solar sail boom system that could lead to further development of this alternate propulsion technology and FASTSAT's ability to eject a nanosatellite from a microsatellite - while avoiding re-contact with the FASTSAT satellite bus. NanoSail-D, managed by the Marshall Space Flight Center, was the first NASA solar sail deployed in low Earth orbit. It was designed and built by NASA engineers at Marshall in collaboration with the Nanosatellite Missions Office at NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California. This experiment is a combined effort between the United States Army Space and Missile Defense Command and the Von Braun Center for Science & Innovation, both located in Huntsville, Alabama.

* Miniature Imager for Neutral Ionospheric Atoms and Magnetospheric Electrons (MINI-ME): a low energy neutral atom imager, was designed to detect neutral atoms formed in the plasma population around Earth to improve global space weather prediction. Low energy neutral atom imaging is a technique first pioneered at Goddard Space Flight Center, that allows scientists to observe remotely various trapped charged particle populations around Earth that would normally only be able to be observed in-situ – or exactly where an instrument is located. MINI-ME represents an improvement on the same kind of instrument, LENA, that flew on the IMAGE mission about ten years ago. Measurements made by instruments like MINI-ME will enable more accurate prediction of space weather and a better understanding of plasma physics processes near Earth.

* Plasma Impedance Spectrum Analyzer (PISA): PISA was designed to test a new approach to measuring the electron number density (number of electrons per cubic centimeter) in the ionosphere. PISA uses a wide-band, rapid-sampling "impedance probe" technique, which stimulates the plasma surrounding FASTSAT with a short antenna. This technique identifies natural resonance frequencies in the plasma (such as the "plasma frequency"), which are directly related to the electron number density, magnetic field strength, and electron temperature. This approach is similar to striking a bell and using the tones created to deduce how the bell is constructed. PISA demonstrated the accuracy of this technique, and provide measurements of small-scale structure in the plasma. These small scale structures are important because they tend to scatter radio waves transmitted by satellites at high altitudes such as GPS or communication satellites. A better understanding of when and where these structures form, and their extent, will help to improve forecasts of communication and navigation outages. PISA was built at Goddard Space Flight Center.

* Thermospheric Temperature Imager (TTI): TTI was designed to provide the first global-scale measurements of temperature in the top-most region of Earth's atmosphere or "thermosphere". The TTI is used to observe thermospheric temperature profiles in the 90–260 km (56–162 mi) region. The temperature profile regulates the height of the atmosphere and controls the atmospheric density at orbital altitudes. Large increases in atmospheric density increase aerodynamic drag experienced by low altitude, Earth orbiting spacecraft leading to premature de-orbiting of the spacecraft.

* Media related to FASTSAT at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

FASTSAT-HSV 01 (USA-220)
| Illustration of the FASTSAT microsatellite | |
| --- | --- |
| Names | Fast, Affordable, Science and Technology Satellite-Huntsville 01
FASTSAT-HSV 01
FASTSAT-Huntsville 01
USA-220 |
|  | |
| Mission type | Technology demonstration |
| Operator | NASA / MSFC |
| COSPAR ID | 2010-062D |
| SATCAT no. | 37225 |
| Mission duration | 2 years (planned)
13 years, 10 months, 11 days
(in orbit) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | NASA Marshall Space Flight Center |
| Launch mass | 180 kg (400 lb) |
| Dimensions | 61 × 71 × 97 cm (24 × 28 × 38 in) |
| Power | 90 watts |
|  | |
|  | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 20 November 2010, 01:25:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Minotaur IV / HAPS |
| Launch site | Kodiak Launch Complex, Pad 1 |
| Contractor | Orbital Sciences |
| Entered service | 2010 |
|  | |
|  | |
| End of mission | |
| Last contact | May 2013 |
|  | |
|  | |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Perigee altitude | 626 km (389 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 653 km (406 mi) |
| Inclination | 72.0° |
| Period | 97.7 minutes |
|  | |
|  | |


title: FC Tranzit

abstract: FC Tranzit was a Latvian football club that is based in Ventspils. Prior to 2010 it was known as FC Tranzīts.

text:
# FC Tranzit

**FC Tranzit** was a Latvian football club that is based in Ventspils. Prior to 2010 it was known as **FC Tranzīts**.

## Players

### First-team squad

*As of April 27, 2010* Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  3 FW  LVA Edgars Kārkliņš  7 DF  LVA Aleksejs Soleičuks  10 MF  FRA Imran Chamkhanov  12 DF  LVA Māris Smirnovs  20 DF  LVA Aleksejs Dimčuks  26 MF  LVA Aleksandrs Baturinskis  27 FW  NGA Jojo Ogunnupe  55 DF  FRA Julian Rullier  -- MF  LVA Eduards Tidenbergs  -- DF  LVA Aleksandrs Anohins  -- FW  LVA Daniels Vasiļjevs | No. Pos. Nation Player  -- MF  LVA Valerijs Stepanovs  -- MF  LVA Aleksejs Tarasovs  -- MF  LVA Bogdans Oniščuks  -- DF  LVA Ēriks Melbārdis  -- MF  LVA Maksims Vasiļjevs  -- DF  LVA Ervīns Ziemelis  -- DF  LVA Artjoms Solomatovs  -- DF  LVA Maksims Doļņikovs  -- FW  LVA Vlads Rimkus  -- FW  LVA Dmitrijs Bremza |
| --- | --- |

*For recent transfers see: List of Latvian football transfers summer 2010*.

## InfoBox

FC Tranzit
| Full name | Futbola centrs "Tranzit" |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 2006 |
| Ground | 2. pamatskolas stadions, Ventspils |
| Capacity | 500 |
| Chairman | Andrejs Višņausks |
| Manager | Igor Kichigin |
| League | LMT Virslīga |
| 2010 | 9th (relegated) |


title: FOW Light Heavyweight Championship

abstract: The FOW Light Heavyweight Championship was a professional wrestling title in American independent promotion Future of Wrestling. The title was created when Johnny Vandal won the title in Davie, Florida on December 1, 2001. It was defended throughout southern Florida, most often in Davie, Plantation, Boca Raton and occasionally in Orlando, Florida. The title was abandoned shortly before the promotion closed in early 2003. There have been a total of 9 recognized individual champions, who have had a combined 22 official reigns.

text:
# FOW Light Heavyweight Championship

The **FOW Light Heavyweight Championship** was a professional wrestling title in American independent promotion Future of Wrestling. The title was created when Johnny Vandal won the title in Davie, Florida on December 1, 2001. It was defended throughout southern Florida, most often in Davie, Plantation, Boca Raton and occasionally in Orlando, Florida. The title was abandoned shortly before the promotion closed in early 2003. There have been a total of 9 recognized individual champions, who have had a combined 22 official reigns.

## Title history

| No. | Wrestlers | Reigns | Date | Days held | Place | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Johnny Vandal | 1 | December 1, 2001 | 70 | Davie, Florida | Defeated Al Bino |
| 2 | J-Dawg | 1 | February 9, 2002 | 63 | Davie, Florida | Defeated previous champion Johnny Vandal, Ricky Vandal and Tommy Vandal in a four-way Ladder match. |
| 3 | Al Bino | 1 | April 13, 2002 | 35 | Davie, Florida | Defeated previous champion J-Dawg and Johnny Vandal in a Three-way match. |
| 4 | Jeff Roth | 1 | May 18, 2002 | 29 | Plantation, Florida |  |
| 5 | Al Bino | 2 | June 16, 2002 | 20 | Hollywood, Florida |  |
| 6 | Chris Charger | 1 | July 6, 2002 | \<1 | Plantation, Florida | Title is unified with the FOW Hardcore Championship. |
| 7 | Tommy Vandal | 1 | July 6, 2002 | 14 | Plantation, Florida |  |
| 8 | David Babylon | 1 | July 20, 2002 | 7 | Orlando, Florida |  |
| 9 | J-Dawg | 2 | July 27, 2002 | 14 | Oakland Park, Florida |  |
| 10 | Tommy Vandal | 2 | August 10, 2002 | \<1 | Plantation, Florida | Defeated previous champion J-Dawg and David Babylon in a Three-way Dance match. |
| 11 | Johnny Vandal | 2 | August 10, 2002 | 21 | Plantation, Florida |  |
| 12 | David Babylon | 2 | August 31, 2002 | 34 | Plantation, Florida |  |
| 13 | Al Bino | 3 | October 4, 2002 | \<1 | Boca Raton, Florida |  |
| 14 | David Babylon | 3 | October 4, 2002 | \<1 | | Boca Raton, Florida |
| 15 | Johnny Vandal | 3 | October 4, 2002 | \<1 | | Boca Raton, Florida |
| 16 | David Babylon | 4 | October 4, 2002 | \<1 | | Boca Raton, Florida |
| 17 | Dan Evans | 1 | October 4, 2002 | \<1 | | Boca Raton, Florida |
| 18 | David Babylon | 5 | October 4, 2002 | \<1 | | Boca Raton, Florida |
| 19 | Johnny Vandal | 4 | October 4, 2002 | \<1 | | Boca Raton, Florida |
| 20 | David Babylon | 6 | October 4, 2002 | 36 | Boca Raton, Florida |  |
| 21 | Naphtali | 4 | November 9, 2002 | 35 | Plantation, Florida |  |
| 22 | Justice | 1 | December 14, 2002 |  | Pembroke Pines, Florida | Justice remains champion until the promotion closes in early 2003. |
|

## Combined reigns

| Rank | Wrestler | No. of<br>reigns | Combined days |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Johnny Vandal | 4 | 91 |
| 2 | Al Bino/Naphtali | 4 | 90 |
| 3 | David Babylon | 6 | 77 |
| | J-Dawg | 2 | 77 |
| 5 | Jeff Roth | 1 | 29 |
| 6 | Tommy Vandal | 2 | 14 |
| 7 | Chris Charger | 1 | \<1 |
| | Dan Evans | 1 | \<1 |
| 9 | Justice | 1 |  |

## InfoBox

| FOW Light Heavyweight Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Details | |
| Promotion | Future of Wrestling |
| Date established | December 1, 2001 |
| Date retired | 2003 |
| Statistics  First champion(s) Johnny Vandal  Final champion(s) Justice  Most reigns David Babylon (6 reigns)  Longest reign Johnny Vandal (70 days) | |


title: Eğrikavak, Aydın

abstract: Eğrikavak is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Efeler, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,294 (2022).

text:
# Eğrikavak, Aydın

**Eğrikavak** is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Efeler, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,294 (2022).

## InfoBox

| Eğrikavak | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| EğrikavakLocation in TurkeyEğrikavakEğrikavak (Turkey Aegean) | |
| Coordinates: 37°57′04″N 28°00′04″E / 37.95111°N 28.00111°E / 37.95111; 28.00111 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Aydın |
| District | Efeler |
| Population (2022) | 1,294 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: FC Frauenfeld

abstract: FC Frauenfeld is a Swiss football team that currently plays in 2. Liga Interregional, the fifth tier in the Swiss football pyramid. The club was founded in 1906. It finished the 2008/2009 season in 13th position in Group 5 resulting in relegation from the 2. Liga Interregional down to the sixth tier, the 2. Liga. However, the club improved over the years, and by the start of the 2015–16 season it was back into the 2. Liga Interregional.

text:
# FC Frauenfeld

**FC Frauenfeld** is a Swiss football team that currently plays in 2. Liga Interregional, the fifth tier in the Swiss football pyramid. The club was founded in 1906. It finished the 2008/2009 season in 13th position in Group 5 resulting in relegation from the 2. Liga Interregional down to the sixth tier, the 2. Liga. However, the club improved over the years, and by the start of the 2015–16 season it was back into the 2. Liga Interregional.

## InfoBox

| Full name | Football Club Frauenfeld |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1906 |
| Ground | Kleine Allmend |
| Capacity | 6375 |
| President | Michael Krucker |
| Vice president | Urs Schmeid |
| League | 2. Liga Interregional<br>Group 6 |
| 2015/16 | 4th |


title: FC Sputnik Rechitsa

abstract:
FC Sputnik Rechitsa was a Belarusian football club based in Rechytsa. The club was founded in 2017 after a relocation of FC DYuSSh-DSK Gomel to Rechytsa.
The club finished third in the 2018 Belarusian Second League season and in early 2019, they were offered a promotion to the First League, after a vacancy opened. Sputnik took the offer and made its First League debut in 2019. On July 14, 2021, it became known that the club was dissolved after not being able to carry on being funded, resulting in withdrawal from the league and 3-0 wins being given to opponents for the rest of the season.

text:
# FC Sputnik Rechitsa

**FC Sputnik Rechitsa** was a Belarusian football club based in Rechytsa.

The club was founded in 2017 after a relocation of *FC DYuSSh-DSK Gomel* to Rechytsa. The club finished third in the 2018 Belarusian Second League season and in early 2019, they were offered a promotion to the First League, after a vacancy opened. Sputnik took the offer and made its First League debut in 2019.

On July 14, 2021, it became known that the club was dissolved after not being able to carry on being funded, resulting in withdrawal from the league and 3-0 wins being given to opponents for the rest of the season.

## InfoBox

Sputnik Rechitsa
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Football Club Sputnik Rechitsa |
| Founded | 2017 |
| Dissolved | 2021 |
| Ground | Central Stadium, Rechitsa |
| Capacity | 3,550 |
| League | Belarusian Premier League |
| 2021 | 16th (withdrew) |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: FICCI Frames

abstract: FICCI Frames is an international convention of the Indian film industry, formerly chaired by Yash Chopra and co-chaired by Karan Johar. The convention is organised by the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI).

text:
# FICCI Frames

**FICCI Frames** is an international convention of the Indian film industry, formerly chaired by Yash Chopra and co-chaired by Karan Johar. The convention is organised by the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI).

## Programs

Activities at FICCI Frames include conference sessions, keynote addresses, masterclasses and workshops, policy roundtables, B2B meetings, exhibitions, cultural evenings, networking events, and the BAF Awards.

### BAF Awards

#### Animation Category

* Animated Short Film - Student
* Animated Ad /Promo Film
* Animated Non-Feature
* Animated Film

#### Gaming Category

* Mobile & Tablet Game - Student
* Mobile & Tablet Game

#### VFX Category

* VFX - Student work
* VFX - Non-Feature
* VFX in a Film
* VFX Shot of the Year

## FICCI Frames Excellence Awards

### Categories

Sources:

#### Television

* Best TV Series (Non-Fiction)
* Best TV Series (Fiction)
* Best TV Actor (Male)
* Best TV Actor (Female)
* Best General Entertainment Channel

#### Films

* Best Director
* Best Actor
* Best Actress
* Best Music
* Best Debut Actor
* Best Debut Actress
* Best Debut Director
* FICCI Frames Excellence International Honour

## History

| Dates | Venue | Guests |
| --- | --- | --- |
| March 30–31, 2001 |  | Vilasrao Deshmukh, Kunal Dasgupta, Kiran Karnik, Amit Baijal, Prasar Bharati, et al. |
| March 15–16, 2002 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Lata Mangeshkar, Dilip Kumar, Aishwarya Rai, et al. |
| March 7–9, 2003 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Sunir Kheterpal, et al. |
| March 2004 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Amitabh Bachchan, Hema Malini, et al. |
| April 5–6, 2005 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Daniel Glickman, Shah Rukh Khan, NR Narayana Murthy, et al. |
| March 22–24, 2006 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Vidya Balan, et al. |
| March 2007 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Shekhar Kapur, Farhan Akhtar, et al. |
| March 25–28, 2008 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Vidhu Vinod Chopra, Shimit Amin, Sudhir Mishra, et al. |
| February 17–19, 2009 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Gul Panag, Deepika Padukone, et al. |
| March 16–18, 2010 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Ashok Chavan, Katrina Kaif, James Nicholas Gianopulos, et al. |
| March 23–25, 2011 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | James Murdoch, Kamal Haasan, et al. |
| March 14–16, 2012 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Chris Dodd, Prithviraj Chavan, Uday Shankar, et al. |
| March 11–13, 2013 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Andy Bird, Graham Broadbent, David Womark, et al. |
| March 12–14, 2014 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Sonam Kapoor, Patrick Suckling, et al. |
| March 25–27, 2015 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Arjun Kapoor, Ayushmann Khurrana, Bhumi Pednekar, et al. |
| March 30–April 1, 2016 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Mukesh Ambani, et al. |
| March 21–23, 2017 | Renaissance Hotel
Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre
Powai, Mumbai | Madhuri Dixit, Greg Daniels, Deepa Mehta, et al. |
| March 5–7, 2018 | Grand Hyatt Mumbai
Business Centre
Santa Cruz, Mumbai | Ramesh Sippy, Sudhanshu Vats, et al. |
| March 12–14, 2019 | Grand Hyatt Mumbai
Business Centre
Santa Cruz, Mumbai | Juhi Chaturvedi, Shilpa Shetty, et al. |
| Postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Grand Hyatt Mumbai
Business Centre
Santa Cruz, Mumbai |  |

## InfoBox

| FICCI Frames | |
| --- | --- |
| Status | Active |
| Genre | Media and entertainment convention |
| Venue | The Westin Mumbai, Powai Lake |
| Location(s) | Mumbai |
| Country | India |
| Inaugurated | 1999 |
| Most recent | 2022 |
| Attendance | Approx 5000 |
| Organized by | FICCI |


title: FIL European Luge Championships 2014

text:
# FIL European Luge Championships 2014

The 2014 FIL European Luge Championships took place under the auspices of the International Luge Federation at Sigulda, Latvia from 25 to 26 January 2014. This was the third time Sigulda hosted the event.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Men's singles | **Armin Zöggeler**
Italy | 1:35.913 | Johannes Ludwig
Germany | 1:36.019 | Dominik Fischnaller
Italy | 1:36.226 |
| Women's singles | **Natalia Khoreva**
Russia | 1:24.155 | Tatiana Ivanova
Russia | 1:24.325 | Dajana Eitberger
Germany | 1:24.444 |
| Doubles | **Christian Oberstolz/Patrick Gruber**
Italy | 1:23.388 | Vladislav Yuzhakov/Vladimir Makhnutin
Russia | 1:23.434 | Andreas Linger/Wolfgang Linger
Austria | 1:23.467 |
| Team relay | **Russia
Natalia Khoreva
Albert Demchenko
Vladislav Yuzhakov/Vladimir Makhnutin** | 2:13.485 | Latvia
Elīza Tīruma
Mārtiņš Rubenis
Andris Šics/Juris Šics | 2:13.835 | Italy
Sandra Gasparini
Armin Zöggeler
Christian Oberstolz/Patrick Gruber | 2:13.847 |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Russia (RUS) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | Italy (ITA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| 3 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Latvia (LAT) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Austria (AUT) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (5 entries) | | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |


title: FIL European Luge Championships 2018

abstract: The 2018 FIL European Luge Championships took place under the auspices of the International Luge Federation at Sigulda, Latvia from 27 to 28 January 2018. This was the fourth time Sigulda hosted the event.

text:
# FIL European Luge Championships 2018

The **2018 FIL European Luge Championships** took place under the auspices of the International Luge Federation at Sigulda, Latvia from 27 to 28 January 2018. This was the fourth time Sigulda hosted the event.

## Schedule

Four events were held.

| Date | Time | Events |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 27 January | 09:40 | Doubles first run |
| | 11:00 | Doubles second run |
| | 12:20 | Women first run |
| | 13:40 | Women second run |
| 28 January | 09:15 | Men first run |
| | 10:50 | Men second run |
| | 14:50 | Team relay |

## Medalists

| **Event** | **Gold** | Time | **Silver** | Time | **Bronze** | Time |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Men's singles | **Semen Pavlichenko**
Russia | 1:36.758 | Felix Loch
Germany | 1:36.769 | Roman Repilov
Russia | 1:36.870 |
| Women's singles | **Tatiana Ivanova**
Russia | 1:23.989 | Natalie Geisenberger
Germany | 1:24.076 | Sandra Robatscher
Italy | 1:24.360 |
| Doubles | **Toni Eggert/Sascha Benecken**
Germany | 1:23.364 | Andris Šics/Juris Šics
Latvia | 1:23.419 | Tobias Wendl/Tobias Arlt
Germany | 1:23.590 |
| Team relay | **Russia
Tatiana Ivanova
Semen Pavlichenko
Alexander Denisyev/Vladislav Antonov** | 2:13.428 | Germany
Natalie Geisenberger
Felix Loch
Toni Eggert/Sascha Benecken | 2:13.579 | Latvia
Kendija Aparjode
Inārs Kivlenieks
Andris Šics/Juris Šics | 2:13.607 |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Russia (RUS) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 2 | Germany (GER) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 3 | Latvia (LAT) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (4 entries) | | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |


abstract: The Women's slalom competition at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 was held at Roc de Fer ski course in Méribel on 18 February 2023. In a shocking result, Laurence St-Germain won gold, beating Shiffrin.

text:
# FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 – Women's slalom

The **Women's slalom** competition at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 was held at Roc de Fer ski course in Méribel on 18 February 2023.

In a shocking result, Laurence St-Germain won gold, beating Shiffrin.

## Results

The first run was started at 10:00 and the second run at 13:30.

| Rank | Bib | Name | Nation | Run 1 | Rank | Run 2 | Rank | Total | Diff |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 18 | Laurence St-Germain | Canada | 53.15 | 3 | 50.00 | 6 | 1:43.15 |  |
|  | 1 | Mikaela Shiffrin | United States | 52.54 | 1 | 51.18 | 29 | 1:43.72 | +0.57 |
|  | 6 | Lena Dürr | Germany | 53.46 | 4 | 50.38 | 16 | 1:43.84 | +0.69 |
| 4 | 19 | Mina Fürst Holtmann | Norway | 54.03 | 10 | 49.83 | 4 | 1:43.86 | +0.71 |
| 5 | 5 | Petra Vlhová | Slovakia | 53.53 | 5 | 50.47 | 18 | 1:44.00 | +0.85 |
| 6 | 27 | Aline Danioth | Switzerland | 53.99 | 9 | 50.13 | 9 | 1:44.12 | +0.97 |
| 7 | 14 | Sara Hector | Sweden | 54.12 | 11 | 50.15 | 11 | 1:44.27 | +1.12 |
| 8 | 35 | Lara Della Mea | Italy | 54.86 | 26 | 49.48 | 1 | 1:44.34 | +1.19 |
| 9 | 2 | Ana Bucik | Slovenia | 53.77 | 6 | 50.60 | 20 | 1:44.37 | +1.22 |
| 10 | 12 | Hanna Aronsson Elfman | Sweden | 53.95 | 8 | 50.51 | 19 | 1:44.46 | +1.31 |
| 11 | 23 | Katharina Huber | Austria | 54.41 | 15 | 50.06 | 8 | 1:44.47 | +1.32 |
| 12 | 9 | Ali Nullmeyer | Canada | 54.47 | 18 | 50.01 | 7 | 1:44.48 | +1.33 |
| 13 | 16 | Thea Louise Stjernesund | Norway | 54.51 | 20 | 49.98 | 5 | 1:44.49 | +1.34 |
| 13 | 11 | Franziska Gritsch | Austria | 54.99 | 30 | 49.50 | 2 | 1:44.49 | +1.34 |
| 15 | 24 | Nastasia Noens | France | 54.84 | 25 | 49.79 | 3 | 1:44.63 | +1.48 |
| 16 | 42 | Marie Lamure | France | 54.50 | 19 | 50.29 | 14 | 1:44.79 | +1.64 |
| 17 | 3 | Leona Popović | Croatia | 54.16 | 12 | 50.65 | 21 | 1:44.81 | +1.66 |
| 18 | 15 | Katharina Truppe | Austria | 54.66 | 22 | 50.26 | 13 | 1:44.92 | +1.77 |
| 19 | 30 | Kristin Lysdahl | Norway | 54.88 | 27 | 50.14 | 10 | 1:45.02 | +1.87 |
| 20 | 13 | Katharina Liensberger | Austria | 54.24 | 14 | 50.81 | 26 | 1:45.05 | +1.90 |
| 21 | 28 | Neja Dvornik | Slovenia | 54.43 | 16 | 50.68 | 24 | 1:45.11 | +1.96 |
| 21 | 25 | Emma Aicher | Germany | 54.22 | 13 | 50.89 | 27 | 1:45.11 | +1.96 |
| 23 | 32 | Marta Rossetti | Italy | 54.97 | 29 | 50.19 | 12 | 1:45.16 | +2.01 |
| 24 | 22 | Amelia Smart | Canada | 54.44 | 17 | 50.75 | 25 | 1:45.19 | +2.04 |
| 25 | 34 | Chiara Pogneaux | France | 54.93 | 28 | 50.32 | 15 | 1:45.25 | +2.10 |
| 26 | 37 | Katie Hensien | United States | 54.83 | 24 | 50.43 | 17 | 1:45.26 | +2.11 |
| 27 | 21 | Camille Rast | Switzerland | 54.62 | 21 | 50.66 | 23 | 1:45.28 | +2.13 |
| 28 | 43 | Asa Ando | Japan | 55.04 | 31 | 50.65 | 21 | 1:45.69 | +2.54 |
| 29 | 38 | Dženifera Ģērmane | Latvia | 54.82 | 23 | 51.19 | 23 | 1:46.01 | +2.86 |
| 30 | 36 | Beatrice Sola | Italy | 55.08 | 32 | 51.02 | 28 | 1:46.10 | +2.95 |
| 31 | 31 | Charlie Guest | Great Britain | 55.53 | 38 | 51.18 | 29 | 1:46.71 | +3.56 |
| 32 | 29 | Andrea Filser | Germany | 55.45 | 37 | 51.62 | 32 | 1:47.07 | +3.92 |
| 33 | 49 | Kiara Derks | Netherlands | 56.02 | 42 | 52.63 | 34 | 1:48.65 | +5.50 |
| 34 | 52 | Anja Oplotnik | Slovenia | 56.50 | 45 | 52.99 | 35 | 1:49.49 | +6.34 |
| 35 | 40 | Anita Gulli | Italy | 58.00 | 50 | 51.81 | 33 | 1:49.81 | +6.66 |
| 36 | 53 | Victoria Palla | Great Britain | 57.00 | 48 | 53.42 | 36 | 1:50.42 | +7.27 |
| 37 | 55 | Noa Szőllős | Israel | 58.40 | 51 | 53.66 | 37 | 1:52.06 | +8.91 |
| 38 | 61 | Liene Bondare | Latvia | 57.83 | 49 | 54.82 | 38 | 1:52.65 | +9.50 |
| 39 | 58 | Gwyneth ten Raa | Luxembourg | 58.49 | 52 | 55.10 | 39 | 1:53.59 | +10.44 |
| 40 | 73 | Mida Fah Jaiman | Thailand | 59.24 | 57 | 55.16 | 40 | 1:54.40 | +11.25 |
| 41 | 72 | Mialitiana Clerc | Madagascar | 59.25 | 58 | 55.54 | 41 | 1:54.79 | +11.64 |
| 42 | 64 | Szonja Hozmann | Hungary | 59.23 | 56 | 55.70 | 42 | 1:54.93 | +11.78 |
| 43 | 74 | Maria Constantin | Romania | 58.88 | 54 | 56.90 | 43 | 1:55.78 | +12.63 |
|  | 4 | Wendy Holdener | Switzerland | 52.73 | 2 | Did not finish | | | |
| | 8 | Zrinka Ljutić | Croatia | 53.83 | 7 | |
| | 33 | Doriane Escané | France | 55.09 | 33 | |
| | 26 | Jessica Hilzinger | Germany | 55.23 | 36 | |
| | 54 | Adriana Jelinkova | Czech Republic | 55.95 | 40 | |
| | 50 | Kim Vanreusel | Belgium | 55.97 | 41 | |
| | 44 | Ava Sunshine | United States | 56.04 | 43 | |
| | 48 | Elese Sommerová | Czech Republic | 56.49 | 44 | |
| | 47 | Reece Bell | Great Britain | 56.76 | 46 | |
| | 63 | Kristiane Rør Madsen | Denmark | 58.63 | 53 | |
| | 7 | Anna Swenn-Larsson | Sweden | 59.14 | 55 | |
| | 60 | Mikayla Smyth | New Zealand | 59.56 | 59 | |
|  | 20 | Maria Therese Tviberg | Norway | 55.18 | 34 | Did not start | | | |
| | 10 | Michelle Gisin | Switzerland | 55.23 | 35 | |
| | 17 | Martina Dubovská | Czech Republic | 55.65 | 39 | |
| | 46 | Nika Tomšič | Slovenia | 56.89 | 47 | |
| | 56 | Petra Hromcová | Slovakia | 59.75 | 60 | |
|  | 69 | Luisa Bertani | Bulgaria | 1:00.14 | 61 | Did not qualify | | | |
| | 67 | Julia Zlatkova | Bulgaria | 1:00.20 | 62 | |
| | 62 | Naya Van Puyvelde | Belgium | 1:00.21 | 63 | |
| | 68 | Anastasiia Shepilenko | Ukraine | 1:00.39 | 64 | |
| | 59 | Katla Björg Dagbjartsdóttir | Iceland | 1:00.96 | 65 | |
| | 79 | Brigitta Junia | Hungary | 1:01.92 | 66 | |
| | 85 | Manon Ouiass | Lebanon | 1:02.81 | 67 | |
| | 82 | Elise Pellegrin | Malta | 1:03.23 | 68 | |
| | 76 | Hanna Majtényi | Hungary | 1:03.45 | 69 | |
| | 80 | Lirika Deva | Kosovo | 1:03.63 | 70 | |
| | 86 | Maria Nikoleta Kaltsogianni | Greece | 1:03.87 | 71 | |
| | 95 | Ioana Corlățeanu | Romania | 1:04.53 | 72 | |
| | 89 | Samanta Līcīte | Latvia | 1:04.87 | 73 | |
| | 83 | Tess Arbez | Ireland | 1:04.92 | 74 | |
| | 90 | Diana Andreea Renţea | Romania | 1:05.30 | 75 | |
| | 87 | Tīna Namsone | Latvia | 1:05.59 | 76 | |
| | 81 | Nikolina Dragoljević | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1:07.47 | 77 | |
| | 101 | Zhang Dingyue | China | 1:08.58 | 78 | |
| | 88 | Ariana Haben Ribeiro | Portugal | 1:08.80 | 79 | |
| | 98 | Lee Wen-yi | Chinese Taipei | 1:09.76 | 80 | |
| | 110 | Pan Yu | China | 1:10.64 | 81 | |
| | 122 | Enxhi Sefaj | Kosovo | 1:10.70 | 82 | |
| | 96 | Maryam Kiashemshaki | Iran | 1:11.02 | 83 | |
| | 99 | Carlie Maria Iskandar | Lebanon | 1:11.25 | 84 | |
| | 107 | Luo Mingxiu | China | 1:11.61 | 85 | |
| | 97 | Marjan Kalhor | Iran | 1:12.30 | 86 | |
| | 118 | Ma Yongqi | China | 1:12.50 | 87 | |
| | 78 | Ornella Oettl Reyes | Peru | 1:12.72 | 88 | |
| | 112 | Valeriya Kovaleva | Uzbekistan | 1:13.50 | 89 | |
| | 109 | Sara Zeidan | Lebanon | 1:15.26 | 90 | |
| | 102 | Zahra Alizadeh | Iran | 1:15.53 | 91 | |
| | 116 | Arba Pupovci | Kosovo | 1:16.14 | 92 | |
| | 114 | Chloe Amelia Elsa Cornu-Wong | Hong Kong | 1:16.99 | 93 | |
| | 100 | Sadaf Saveh-Shemshaki | Iran | 1:17.43 | 94 | |
| | 120 | Chiara Di Camillo | Albania | 1:20.58 | 95 | |
| | 108 | Sandhya Sandhya | India | 1:21.83 | 96 | |
| | 113 | Nicole Samaha | Lebanon | 1:21.92 | 97 | |
| | 106 | Aanchal Thakur | India | 1:22.55 | 98 | |
| | 121 | Celine Marti | Haiti | 1:35.19 | 99 | |
|  | 39 | Alexandra Tilley | Great Britain | Did not finish | | | | | |
| | 41 | Nina O'Brien | United States | |
| | 45 | Zita Tóth | Hungary | |
| | 51 | Erika Pykäläinen | Finland | |
| | 57 | Celine Sommerová | Czech Republic | |
| | 66 | Yuliia Makovetska | Ukraine | |
| | 70 | Ida Sofie Bunsov Brøns | Denmark | |
| | 71 | Maria-Eleni Tsiovolou | Greece | |
| | 75 | Joyce ten Raa | Luxembourg | |
| | 77 | Jana Atanasovska | North Macedonia | |
| | 84 | Maja Tadić | Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| | 91 | Iva Nikolić | Serbia | |
| | 92 | Gabija Šinkūnaitė | Lithuania | |
| | 93 | Kiana Kryezu | Kosovo | |
| | 94 | Teodora Filipović | Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| | 103 | Thaleia Armeni | Cyprus | |
| | 104 | Maria Aikaterina Papastathi | Greece | |
| | 105 | Evridiki Dimitrof | Greece | |
| | 111 | Rano Imonkulova | Uzbekistan | |
| | 115 | Olga Paliutkina | Kyrgyzstan | |
| | 119 | Albina Ivanova | Kyrgyzstan | |
|  | 65 | Nino Tsiklauri | Georgia | Did not start | | | | | |
| | 117 | Ester Bako | Albania | |

## InfoBox

| FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 <br>at the Women's slalom | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Roc de Fer |
| Location | Courchevel and Méribel, France |
| Dates | 18 February |
| Competitors | 120 from 51 nations |
| Winning time | 1:43.15 |
| Medalists | |
| Canada  United States  Germany | |
|


abstract: The Women's alpine combined competition at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 was held at Roc de Fer ski course in Méribel on 6 February 2023.

text:
# FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 – Women's alpine combined

The **Women's alpine combined** competition at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 was held at Roc de Fer ski course in Méribel on 6 February 2023.

## Results

The super-G was started at 11:00 and the slalom at 14:30.

| Rank | Bib | Name | Country | Super-G | Rank | Slalom | Rank | Total | Diff |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 15 | Federica Brignone | Italy | 1:10.28 | 1 | 47.19 | 2 | 1:57.47 |  |
|  | 7 | Wendy Holdener | Switzerland | 1:11.94 | 15 | 47.15 | 1 | 1:59.09 | +1.62 |
|  | 30 | Ricarda Haaser | Austria | 1:11.37 | 8 | 48.36 | 3 | 1:59.73 | +2.26 |
| 4 | 13 | Ramona Siebenhofer | Austria | 1:11.18 | 5 | 48.77 | 5 | 1:59.95 | +2.48 |
| 5 | 4 | Franziska Gritsch | Austria | 1:11.35 | 7 | 48.83 | 6 | 2:00.18 | +2.71 |
| 6 | 11 | Michelle Gisin | Switzerland | 1:11.86 | 14 | 49.04 | 7 | 2:00.90 | +3.43 |
| 7 | 9 | Laura Gauché | France | 1:11.67 | 11 | 49.51 | 8 | 2:01.18 | +3.71 |
| 8 | 1 | Emma Aicher | Germany | 1:12.85 | 23 | 48.40 | 4 | 2:01.25 | +3.78 |
| 9 | 19 | Elena Curtoni | Italy | 1:11.06 | 4 | 50.46 | 11 | 2:01.52 | +4.05 |
| 10 | 23 | Marie-Michèle Gagnon | Canada | 1:12.14 | 18 | 50.24 | 9 | 2:02.38 | +4.91 |
| 11 | 25 | Maryna Gąsienica-Daniel | Poland | 1:12.03 | 17 | 50.56 | 12 | 2:02.59 | +5.12 |
| 12 | 26 | Priska Nufer | Switzerland | 1:12.74 | 21 | 50.32 | 10 | 2:03.06 | +5.59 |
| 13 | 24 | Isabella Wright | United States | 1:12.84 | 22 | 50.84 | 13 | 2:03.68 | +6.21 |
| 14 | 2 | Valérie Grenier | Canada | 1:11.55 | 9 | 52.55 | 16 | 2:04.10 | +6.63 |
| 15 | 29 | Elvedina Muzaferija | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1:13.14 | 24 | 51.92 | 15 | 2:05.06 | +7.59 |
| 16 | 12 | Greta Small | Australia | 1:13.89 | 26 | 53.43 | 17 | 2:07.32 | +9.85 |
| 17 | 22 | Noa Szőllős | Israel | 1:15.81 | 28 | 51.64 | 14 | 2:07.45 | +9.98 |
| 18 | 10 | Cande Moreno | Andorra | 1:13.26 | 25 | 54.24 | 18 | 2:07.50 | +10.03 |
|  | 5 | Romane Miradoli | France | 1:11.95 | 16 | Did not finish | | | |
| | 14 | Mikaela Shiffrin | United States | 1:11.24 | 6 | Disqualified | | | |
| | 16 | Ragnhild Mowinckel | Norway | 1:10.99 | 2 | Did not start | | | |
| | 31 | Lara Gut-Behrami | Switzerland | 1:10.99 | | 2 |
| | 18 | Ilka Štuhec | Slovenia | 1:11.56 | | 10 |
| | 32 | Tessa Worley | France | 1:11.67 | | 11 |
| | 21 | Alice Robinson | New Zealand | 1:11.73 | | 13 |
| | 28 | Cornelia Hütter | Austria | 1:12.16 | | 19 |
| | 3 | Sofia Goggia | Italy | 1:12.20 | | 20 |
| | 33 | Ania Monica Caill | Romania | 1:14.44 | | 27 |
| | 6 | Marta Bassino | Italy | Did not finish | | | | | |
| | 8 | Tricia Mangan | | United States |
| | 17 | Karen Smadja-Clément | | France |
| | 20 | Kajsa Vickhoff Lie | | Norway |
| | 27 | Breezy Johnson | | United States |

## InfoBox

| FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2023 <br>at the Women's alpine combined | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Roc de Fer |
| Location | Méribel, France |
| Date | 6 February |
| Competitors | 33 from 16 nations |
| Winning time | 1:57.47 |
| Medalists | |
| Italy  Switzerland  Austria | |
|


title: FM- and TV-mast Hosingen

abstract: The FM- and TV mast Hosingen is a 300-metre (985') high guyed radio mast outside the town of Hosingen, Luxembourg used for FM and TV broadcasting. It has a diameter of 2 metres (6') and was built in 1970. The FM- and TV-mast Hosingen is the tallest construction in Luxembourg and property of RTL.

text:
# FM- and TV-mast Hosingen

The **FM- and TV mast Hosingen** is a 300-metre (985') high guyed radio mast outside the town of Hosingen, Luxembourg used for FM and TV broadcasting. It has a diameter of 2 metres (6') and was built in 1970. The FM- and TV-mast Hosingen is the tallest construction in Luxembourg and property of RTL.

## Construction

The FM- and TV-mast Hosingen carries antennas at a height of 285 metres (935'), pointed toward Germany. These antennas are used for transmitting the German-speaking program of RTL on 97,0 MHz with an ERP of 100 kW. The antennas for the transmission of the native radio station on 92,5 MHz with an ERP of 50 kW are mounted at a height of 237 metres (778'). As transmission device for both frequencies, Telefunken S 3217 transmitters with an output power of 10 kW is used. For each frequency there is also a backup transmitter installed, with an output power of 10 kW, a Telefunken S 3152.

50°01′14″N 6°06′16″E / 50.02067°N 6.10448°E / 50.02067; 6.10448


title: FTS2000

abstract:
Federal Telecommunications System 2000 (FTS2000) is a long distance telecommunications service for the United States federal government, including services such as switched voice service for voice or data up to 4.8 kbit/s, switched data at 56 kbit/s and 64 kbit/s, switched digital integrated service for voice, data, image, and video up to 1.544 Mbit/s, packet switched service for data in packet form, video transmission for both compressed and wideband video, and dedicated point-to-point private line for voice and data. Note 1: Use of FTS2000 contract services is mandatory for use by U.S. Government agencies for all acquisitions subject to 40 U.S.C. 759. Note 2: No U.S. Government information processing equipment or customer premises equipment other than that which are required to provide an FTS2000 service are furnished. Note 3: The FTS2000 contractors will be required to provide service directly to an agency's terminal equipment interface. For example, the FTS2000 contractor might provide a terminal adapter to an agency location in order to connect FTS2000 ISDN services to the agency's terminal equipment. Note 4: GSA awarded two 10-year, fixed-price contracts covering FTS2000 services on December 7, 1988. Note 5: The Warner Amendment excludes the mandatory use of FTS2000 in instances related to maximum security.
FTS2000 was completed in 2000, then replaced by FTS2001, and thereafter, in 2008, by Networx.

text:
# FTS2000

**Federal Telecommunications System 2000** (**FTS2000**) is a long distance telecommunications service for the United States federal government, including services such as switched voice service for voice or data up to 4.8 kbit/s, switched data at 56 kbit/s and 64 kbit/s, switched digital integrated service for voice, data, image, and video up to 1.544 Mbit/s, packet switched service for data in packet form, video transmission for both compressed and wideband video, and dedicated point-to-point private line for voice and data.

*Note 1:* Use of FTS2000 contract services is mandatory for use by U.S. Government agencies for all acquisitions subject to 40 U.S.C. 759.

*Note 2:* No U.S. Government information processing equipment or customer premises equipment other than that which are required to provide an FTS2000 service are furnished.

*Note 3:* The FTS2000 contractors will be required to provide service directly to an agency's terminal equipment interface. For example, the FTS2000 contractor might provide a terminal adapter to an agency location in order to connect FTS2000 ISDN services to the agency's terminal equipment.

*Note 4:* GSA awarded two 10-year, fixed-price contracts covering FTS2000 services on December 7, 1988.

*Note 5:* The Warner Amendment excludes the mandatory use of FTS2000 in instances related to maximum security. FTS2000 was completed in 2000, then replaced by FTS2001, and thereafter, in 2008, by Networx.

* FTS2000 was completed in 2000, and was replaced by FTS2001.

This article incorporates public domain material from *Federal Standard 1037C*. General Services Administration. Archived from the original on 2022-01-22.


title: FOIL (programming language)

abstract: FOIL was the name for two different programming languages.

text:
# FOIL (programming language)

**FOIL** was the name for two different programming languages.

## CAI style language

The first **FOIL** was a CAI language developed at the University of Michigan in 1967. The acronym stood for File-Oriented Interpretive Language and it was very similar to other CAI languages like COURSEWRITER and PILOT. However, it tried to make the language somewhat block-structured using whitespace which ended up making the language vaguely similar to BASIC or ABC.

### Example

```
 :START COUNT=0
 TY Enter the number of times you want to repeat the statement:
 ACCEPT
 MAX=NUMBER.(1)
 :LOOP
 TY This loop has run #COUNT times it will terminate when it runs #MAX times
 IF COUNT<MAX,
    COUNT=COUNT+1
    GO TO :LOOP
 TY Do you want to do this again?
 ACCEPT
 IF 'yes', GO TO START
 IF 'no' GO TO FINISH
 :FINISH
 TY Goodbye!
 STOP

```

## Music generation language

The second **FOIL** was a music generation language for the Touché computer instrument in 1979. The Touché was a keyboard that had digital tone generation and allowed you to program software for performances. The acronym stood for Far Out Instrument Language and was succeeded by MetaFOIL and FOIL-83. The language was developed by David Rosenboom and was based on Forth.


title: FabricLive.28

abstract: FabricLive.28 is a mix album by English electronic music duo Evil Nine. It was released in 2006 on the Fabric label, as part of the FabricLive albums series.

text:
# FabricLive.28

***FabricLive.28*** is a mix album by English electronic music duo Evil Nine. It was released in 2006 on the Fabric label, as part of the FabricLive albums series.

## Track listing

1. **Will Saul Ft. Ursula Rucker** \- Where Is It? (Evil Nine Remix) - *Air* \- 6:33
2. **Simian Mobile Disco** \- Click - *Simian Mobile Disco* – 2:54
3. **Uffie** \- Ready To Uff (Dub) - Ed Banger – 2:32
4. **Bodyrockers** \- Round and Round (Switch Remix) - *Mercury* – 4:58
5. **Riton** \- Anger Man (Riton Re-Rub) - *Riton* – 3:38
6. **The Mystery Jets** \- The Boy Who Ran Away (Riton Extended Dub) - *679* – 4:32
7. **Thomas Schumacher** \- Kickschool 79 *Spiel-Zeug* – 5:05
8. **Paul Woolford Presents Bobby Peru** \- Erotic Discourse - *2020 Vision* – 3:52
9. **Boys Noize** \- Volta 82 - *Boys Noize* – 3:45
10. **Bassbin Twins** \- The Dogs - *Bassbin Records* – 5:05
11. **John Starlight** \- John's Addiction - *Television* – 5:05
12. **Daft Punk** \- Technologic (Digitalism's Highway to Paris Remix) - *Virgin* – 4:54
13. **Franz Ferdinand** \- The Fallen (Justice remix) - *Domino* – 3:09
14. **The Kreeps** \- All I Wanna Do is Break Some Hearts (Boys Noize Remix 2) - *Output* – 2:54
15. **Test Icicles** \- What's Your Damage? (Digitalism Remix) – 5:05
16. **B-Movie** \- Nowhere Girl (Freeland Remix) - *Some Bizzare* – 5:49
17. **The Clash** \- London Calling (song) \- *Sony BMG* – 3:30

## InfoBox

| FabricLive.28 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Evil Nine | |
| Released | July 25, 2006 |
| Genre | Electronica |
| Length | 1:13:20 |
| Label | Fabric |
| Evil Nine chronology | |
| *You Can Be Special Too*
(2004) ***FabricLive.28***
(2006) | |
|  | |
| FabricLive chronology | |
| *FabricLive.27*
(2006) ***FabricLive.28***
(2006) *FabricLive.29*
(2006) | |
|  | |


title: FabricLive.29

abstract: FabricLive.29 is a DJ mix compilation album by Cut Copy released as part of the FabricLive Mix Series.

text:
# FabricLive.29

***FabricLive.29*** is a DJ mix compilation album by Cut Copy released as part of the FabricLive Mix Series.

## Track listing

1. **Joakim** \- I Wish You Were Gone - *Versatile*
2. **Cut Copy** \- Future Unlimited - *Modular*
3. **Munk** \- Disco Clown - *Gomma*
4. 2 tracks mixed:
    1. **WhoMadeWho** \- Hello Empty Room - *Gomma*
    2. **Cut Copy** \- Future Unlimited - *Modular*
5. **New Young Pony Club** \- Get Dancey - *alt\< Recordings*
6. **In Flagranti** \- Bang Bang - *Codek*
7. **Goldfrapp** \- Slide in (DFA Remix) - *Mute*
8. **Severed Heads** \- Dead Eyes Opened (Extended Mix) - *SevCom*
9. **WhoMadeWho** \- Out The Door (Super Discount Remix) - *Gomma*
10. **Daft Punk** \- Face To Face \- *Virgin*
11. **The Presets** \- Truth and Lies - *Modular*
12. **MSTRKRFT** \- Work On You - *Last Gang*
13. **Casco Presents BWH** \- Stop - *Radius*
14. **The Faint** \- Your Retro Career Melted (Ursula 1000 Urgent / Nervous Remix) - *Saddle Creek*
15. **Soulwax** \- E Talking" (Tiga's Disco Drama Remix) - *PIAS*
16. **Ciccone Youth** \- Into The Groovey - *Ciccone Youth*
17. **Justice** \- Waters of Nazareth (Erol's Dur Dur Durrr Re-Edit) - *Ed Banger*
18. **Grauzone** \- Eisbär - *Welt*
19. **Riot In Belgium** \- The Acid Never Lies - *Relish*
20. **Midnight Juggernauts** \- Shadows - *Cutters*
21. **Fred Falke** \- Omega Man - *Work It Baby*
22. **Daniel Diamond** \- Champu - *City Rockers*
23. **Roxy Music** \- Angel Eyes - *EMI*
24. **Cut Copy** \- Going Nowhere (Whitey Remix) - *Modular*
25. **Cut Copy** \- Dream Sequence - *Modular*

## InfoBox

| FabricLive.29 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Cut Copy | |
| Released | August 2006 |
| Genre | Indie-rock, house, electronic music |
| Label | Fabric |
| Cut Copy chronology | |
| *Bright Like Neon Love*
(2004) ***FabricLive.29***
(2006) *In Ghost Colours*
(2008) | |
|  | |
| FabricLive chronology | |
| *FabricLive.28*
(2006) ***FabricLive.29***
(2006) *FabricLive.30*
(2006) | |
|  | |


title: Fabio Mangone

abstract: Fabio Mangone (1587–1629) was an Italian architect. Born in Caravaggio, he was a pupil of Alessandro Bisnati, and succeeded him as architect for the Duomo of Milan. Later he was professor architecture at the Accademia Ambrosiana. He was assisted by Francesco Maria Richini and others in the rebuilding of the famous Biblioteca Ambrosiana, centering on the large classical enclosed courtyards (1608) of the Collegio Elvetico, commissioned by the cardinal Federico Borromeo. The two courtyards are surrounded by a double columns. The facade was completed by Richini. The sculpture on the facade is by Dionigi Bussola. He also worked on the completion of the church of San Sebastiano in Milan. He died at Milan.

text:
# Fabio Mangone

**Fabio Mangone** (1587–1629) was an Italian architect.

Born in Caravaggio, he was a pupil of Alessandro Bisnati, and succeeded him as architect for the Duomo of Milan. Later he was professor architecture at the Accademia Ambrosiana.

He was assisted by Francesco Maria Richini and others in the rebuilding of the famous Biblioteca Ambrosiana, centering on the large classical enclosed courtyards (1608) of the Collegio Elvetico (now *Archivio di Stato* or state archives), commissioned by the cardinal Federico Borromeo. The two courtyards are surrounded by a double columns. The facade was completed by Richini. The sculpture on the facade is by Dionigi Bussola. He also worked on the completion of the church of San Sebastiano in Milan.

He died at Milan.

* Wittkower, Rudolf (1993). "Art and Architecture Italy, 1600-1750". *Pelican History of Art*. 1980. Penguin Books. pp. 117–118.


title: Fabio Maranta

abstract:
Fabio Maranta was a Roman Catholic prelate who was Bishop of Calvi Risorta (1582–1619). On 5 March 1582, Fabio Maranta was appointed Bishop by Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Calvi Risorta.
He served as Bishop of Calvi Risorta until his death in 1619.

text:
# Fabio Maranta

**Fabio Maranta** (died 1619) was a Roman Catholic prelate who was Bishop of Calvi Risorta (1582–1619).

On 5 March 1582, Fabio Maranta was appointed Bishop by Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Calvi Risorta. He served as Bishop of Calvi Risorta until his death in 1619.

## InfoBox

| Most Reverend
Fabio Maranta | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Calvi Risorta | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Diocese | Diocese of Calvi Risorta |
| In office | 1582–1619 |
| Predecessor | Scipione Bozzuti |
| Successor | Gregorio Del Bufalo |
| Personal details | |
| Died | 1619
Calvi Risorta, Italy |
| Nationality | Italian |


abstract: The Faculty of Geology is part of the School of Sciences in National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.

text:
# Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment (University of Athens)

The **Faculty of Geology** is part of the School of Sciences in National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.

## Early history

The history of the Geological Sciences at Athens University until the year 1982 and the institutional change of the law 1268, is identified with the history of the Chairs and the Professors that taught and is described further below.

Professor K. Mitsopoulos taught the lesson of Mineralogy till 1910, while in the year 1896 the Laboratory and the Museum of Mineralogy and Petrology are founded. In 1910, K. Ktenas is elected as professor for the homonymous Chair and he teaches until his death in 1935. In 1936, G. Georgalas is elected in his place and he stays in this position until 1946. After him, An. Georgiadis (1946–1965) and Gr. Marakis (1973–1994) are also elected as professors.

The Chair of Geology and Palaeontology as well as the homonymous Laboratory and Museum are founded by professor Th. Skoufos after his appointment in the chair mentioned in 1906. He enriched the Laboratory and the Museum with fossils as training material for students and as material for the collection of the museum exhibition, through many excavations realized in various places around Greece.

After Professor Skoufos (1906–1936), Professor M. Mitsopoulos becomes Head of the Laboratory and the Museum and later on G. Marinos (1969–1974) after being called in from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Professor N. Symeonidis takes over in 1975 and stays head of the Laboratory until 1998.

The Chair of Physical Geography and the corresponding laboratory is founded in 1931 and is initially located at the Athens Observatory. Professor I. Trikkalinos is head of the Laboratory until 1958. Later on P. Psarianos is elected as Professor (1959–1974) and then Ath. Papapetrou-Zamani, initially as Associate professor and then as Professor (1975–1997).

In the year 1931 the Chair of Seismology and the corresponding laboratory is founded with Professor N. Kritikos (1930–1947) as head of the Laboratory, which is initially located at the Athens Observatory. Later on A. Galanopoulos (1949–1978) and I. Drakopoulos (1979–1999) were elected.

The Chair of Ore Geology and the corresponding Laboratory are founded in 1961 and the elected Professor G. Paraskevopoulos taught until his death in 1983.

## Departments

According to the law 1268/82 the School of Sciences is founded, which also includes the Faculty of Geology. The previously mentioned Chairs were annulled and the following Departments were created and still exist to this day:

## Laboratories

* Laboratory of Mineralogy and Petrology
* Laboratory of Historical Geology and Palaeontology
* Laboratory of Physical Geography
* Laboratory of Climatology
* Laboratory of Seismology
* Laboratory of Economical Geology and Geochemistry
* Laboratory of Tectonics and Geological mapping
* Laboratory of Remote Sensing
* Laboratory of Geophysics
* Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Natural Disasters

## Professors Emeriti

* Athina Papapetrou Zamani Professor of Physical Geography
* Nikolaos Simeonidis Professor of Geology and Palaeontology
* Ioannis Zampakas Professor of Climatology
* Sotirios Leontaris Professor of Physical Geography
* Ilias Mariolakos Professor of Geology and Palaeontology
* Stylianos Skounakis Professor of Economic Geology
* Nikolaos Delimpasis Professor of Seismology
* Konstantinos Sideris Professor of Mineralogy and Petrology

## Postgraduate courses

Within the framework of the postgraduate studies program of the Faculty of Geology the following two year courses are offered:

* Geochemical Environmental Pollution
* Stratigraphy - Palaeontology
* Mineral Sciences
* Geography and Environment
* Dynamic Tectonic and Applied Geology
* Geophysics - Seismology
* Prevention and Management of Natural Disasters

as well as the inter-faculty Postgraduate Study Program in Oceanography in which the following faculties are involved: Geology, Biology, Physics, Chemistry.

## Museums

The Faculty of Geology manages two museums