title: Quiero Club

abstract:
Quiero Club is an experimental pop indie band from Monterrey, Mexico. Since they took the music scene by surprise in 2004, Priscila González, Gustavo "Cátsup" Hernández, Marcela Viejo, Luis Fara and Boscop Benavente made the core members of what the band achieved musically and historically by playing at the most important venues and festivals in Mexico, Peru, Colombia, Argentina and Spain. "Minutos de Aire" a song they wrote along with the legendary singer Jorge González was awarded # 1 song of the year on Mexico City's Reactor 105.7 in 2009.
Their LP "El Techo es el Suelo" gave them the Mexico's IndieO Music AwardS 2014 Feather for "Best Electronic Album" and a 2013 Latin Grammy nomination for “Best art/package”. Quiero Club has scored music for Mexican films like “Rudo y Cursi”, "Efectos Secundarios", "Casi Divas", "Abolicion de la Propiedad", "Maria en el Pais de Maria" and "The Alien and Me", as well as international series and films such as "The L Word" and "Que Viva la Musica". After releasing the singles "Oportunidad de Oro" and "Millones" Quiero Club were one of the most representative and innovative bands within the Latin American independent music movement.

text:
# Quiero Club

**Quiero Club** (Spanish for "I want club") is an experimental pop indie band from Monterrey, Mexico.

Since they took the music scene by surprise in 2004, Priscila González, Gustavo "Cátsup" Hernández, Marcela Viejo, Luis Fara and Boscop Benavente made the core members of what the band achieved musically and historically by playing at the most important venues and festivals in Mexico, Peru, Colombia, Argentina and Spain.

"Minutos de Aire" a song they wrote along with the legendary singer Jorge González (from Chile's Los Prisioneros) was awarded # 1 song of the year on Mexico City's Reactor 105.7 in 2009. Their LP "El Techo es el Suelo" gave them the Mexico's IndieO Music AwardS 2014 Feather for "Best Electronic Album" and a 2013 Latin Grammy nomination for “Best art/package”.

Quiero Club has scored music for Mexican films like “Rudo y Cursi”, "Efectos Secundarios", "Casi Divas", "Abolicion de la Propiedad", "Maria en el Pais de Maria" and "The Alien and Me", as well as international series and films such as "The L Word" and "Que Viva la Musica".

After releasing the singles "Oportunidad de Oro" and "Millones" Quiero Club were one of the most representative and innovative bands within the Latin American independent music movement.

## History

Priscila Gonzalez, Luis Fara & Boscop Benavente came from different backgrounds before they joined forces with Marcela Viejo and Gustavo "Cátsup" Hernández, founder of the Monterrey-based music/art collective later turned record label "Happy-fi". At the end of 2002, Priscila started the band with Gustavo to play cover versions of The Moldy Peaches and other groups they liked after they performed live jams on Gustavo's radio show "We are the Rock & Roll". Boscop joined them soon after ( early 2003) and by the end of that year, during a Happy Fest (one of the parties that the collective used to expose their artists) Marcela watched the trio and asked to join them. A couple of months later (early 2004), Luis Fara came along and they started writing and rehearsing their own material.

They recorded "No Coke" and "Pecan Pie" at Luigi Marchetti's (bassist of Monterrey's rock band Niña, also part of the Happy Fi family) home studio in Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, during the summer of 2004 for a Happy Fi compilation, the first track leaked unto Mexico City's recently created public radio station Reactor and quickly became one of the most requested tunes and, consequently, one of the station's early hits. When they found out, Quiero Club went into a professional studio with Armando and Lapas to re arrange the song, new drums, bass, guitar, keyboards tracks were recorded as well as additional programming.

They were invited to Mexico City's Vive Latino festival in 2005 with just a bunch of songs and it was until then that they considered to take their band seriously. They toured the country during the rest of the year and continued to write songs while touring. With self financing and while continuing to tour Mexico, they entered Belafonte Studio in San Pedro Garza García. It was not until the winter of 2006 that Quiero Club's self produced debut album WOF came out to rave reviews. At this time they signed with management & booking agency HOME (Haas, Onetto, Montemayor Entertainment).

NPR says: "It was the beginning of 2006 and a catchy song in Spanglish titled "No Coke" hit the emerging Mexican indie scene by storm; five years later, Quiero Club is arguably today's most eclectic and critically acclaimed Mexican pop band."

WOF had four singles with their respective videos: No Coke, Backstage Drama, Let Da Music, & Latin America. In March 2008 "WOF" was released in Japan via Art Union Co. with a remix of "let da music" by Japan's 80kids as a Bonus track. Some of WOF's tracks became part of different compilations, others became part of various movie soundtracks, others were remixed by dance floor connoisseurs.

After 2 years of performing all sorts of scenarios, from homemade backyard gigs to huge international festivals like Vive Latino Mexico (05, 07), Corona Festival (07), MX Beat (07) and Rock al Parque Colombia (07); Quiero Club became a bit self-conscious and entered the studio to start working on new songs.

They continued to tour while recording and writing new material, in the middle of the recording they released the song "Showtime" along with its video in April 2008; "Showtime" was co produced by Phil Vinall and it was the first single from their 12 track second album called "Nueva America". After playing the Motorkr festival along with MGMT, The Flaming Lips and Nine Inch Nails (among others), Nueva America was released in November 2008; a bit more psychedelic, a bit more pop, a bit more dance, a bit more experimental. Jason Roberts worked with them on the second single "The Flow"; and for their third single they picked "Minutos de Aire" a song they co wrote with Jorge Gonzalez of the legendary Chilean band Los Prisioneros. "Minutos de Aire" became Reactor 105.7's number one song in 2009, which proved to be a good year for the band, after they opened for one of Depeche Mode's two dates in Mexico City's Foro Sol.

Also in 2009, they edited Nueva America on Nacional Records.

A string of successful singles (Música, Las Propiedades del Cobre and Que Hacer En Caso De Oir Voces, later compiled on the EP "Dias Perfectos") kept the band's momentum during 2010 and 2011. At the end of 2010 they decided to relocate to Mexico City to write and produce their 3rd album. The aftermath of this was the celebrated "El Techo es el Suelo" (which roughly translates into "The Ceiling is the Floor") and the departure of Gustavo "Cátsup" Hernández of the band, following different interests and career direction.

El Techo es el Suelo was released on February 19, topping the iTunes charts in Mexico. Critically acclaimed both for the music and the artwork, designed by The Welcome Branding Group. 2013 Latin Grammy Nominee for Art/Package and IMAS 2014 winner for both Electronic Album and Art/Package.

In 2014, the band released the limited edition compilation vinyl LP "Diez" to celebrate their 10-year career run, which featured 10 of their most successful songs and the unpublished song "Hielo Fino" and launched their first South American tour with dates in Lima, Peru; Bogota, Colombia and Buenos Aires and La Plata, Argentina.

By mid 2015 the band started working with producers Neto Garcia (Natalia Lafourcade, Julieta Venegas) and Antonio Escobar to release songs for a Mexican Movie (The Alien and I) and a compilation to introduce the band to the Spanish audience (2016's "Somos"). The relationship with both producers proved fruitful as they decided to continue working with them to produce a 4th album.

Starting 2016, Quiero Club began production of "Oportunidad de Oro" with the addition of Monterrey-based producers Toy Selectah (Control Machete) and Heriberto Lopez. Later that summer they released the track "Teorías" and traveled to Spain to perform at "Sonorama Ribera" Festival in Aranda.

A strain of (unknown to the public) events that delayed the release of the album ended with long time collaborator Marcela Viejo leaving the band to pursue a solo career in April 2017. But the band came back with the singles "Oportunidad de Oro" and "Millones", which proved the band's ability to deliver powerful pop anthems. In June 2018, the much awaited album "Oportunidad de Oro" was released achieving mixed results: for one, the critics praised the band for their continued efforts to experiment and further their work but the record failed to appeal to the younger generation and their long time fan base.

They failed to launch a national tour and ended the year with a 5 date tour throughout Spain which included small venues in Madrid and Sevilla's music festival Monkey Week.

In March 2019 Luis Fara left the band.

In 2022, the band expressed their appreciation for Carlos Reyes, the founder of Club Fonograma, after his passing.

## Original members

* Priscila Gonzalez - vocals, guitar, keyboards
* Luis Fara - bass guitar, guitar, keyboards, vocals
* Boscop Benavente - drums, bass guitar, keyboards
* Marcela Viejo - Keyboards and vocals
* Gustavo "Cátsup" Hernández - Guitar, keyboards, vocals and production duties

## Discography

### Albums

* *WOF* (2006)
* *Nueva América* (2008)
* *Dias Perfectos (EP)* (2011)
* "El Techo es el Suelo" (2013)
* "Diez" -Vinyl only- (2014)
* "Somos" -European release- (2016)
* "Oportunidad de Oro" (2018)

### Singles

* "No Coke" (2005)
* "Backstage Drama" (2006)
* "Let Da Music" (2007)
* "Latin America" (2007)
* "Showtime" (2008)
* "Da Flow" (2008)
* "Minutos de Aire" (2009)
* "Las Propiedades del Cobre" (2010)
* "Que Hacer en Caso de Oir Voces" (2011)
* "Dias Perfectos" (2011)
* "Cuentos" (2012)
* "El Techo es el Suelo" (2013)
* "Hablar de Más"/"Música" (2013)
* "Cuerpo" (2014)
* "Los Pies" (2014)
* "Hielo Fino" (2014)
* "Gran Antigüedad" (2015)
* "Los Cuatro Puntos" (2015)
* "Teorías" (2016)
* "Siénteme" (2016)
* "Oportunidad de Oro" (2017)
* "Millones" (2017)
* "Esperar" (2017)
* ”No hay Semilla” (2018)
* "ASI" (2019)
* "hola" (2022)

## InfoBox

| Quiero Club*Quiero Club* | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Monterrey, Mexico |
| Genres | Experimental pop, rock, electronic music, Indie Pop |
| Years active | 2004–present |
| Labels | Happy-fi, Nacional, Casete, Buendia Records |
|  | |
| Members | Priscila González
Marcela Viejo
Luis Fara
Boscop Benavente
Gustavo "Cátsup" Hernández |
|  | |
| Website | www.yotambienquieroclub.com |


title: Quasisimnia robertsoni

abstract: Quasisimnia robertsoni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.

text:
# Quasisimnia robertsoni

***Quasisimnia robertsoni*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.

## Description

## Distribution

## InfoBox

| *Quasisimnia robertsoni* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Littorinimorpha |
| Family: | Ovulidae |
| Genus: | *Quasisimnia* |
| Species: | ***Q. robertsoni*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Quasisimnia robertsoni***<br>(Cate, 1973) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Aperiovula robertsoni* Cate, 1973 | |


title: Queed

abstract: Queed is a 1911 novel by Henry Sydnor Harrison, which was the fourth-best selling book in the United States for 1911, and is considered one of Harrison's best novels, along with 1913's V.V.'s Eyes.

text:
# Queed

***Queed*** is a 1911 novel by Henry Sydnor Harrison, which was the fourth-best selling book in the United States for 1911, and is considered one of Harrison's best novels, along with 1913's *V.V.'s Eyes*.

## Book

*Queed* was Harrison's second novel (after 1910's *Captivating Mary Carstairs*, released under a pseudonym). It is the story of an eccentric young scholar who arrives in Richmond, Virginia to seek out his unknown father, and "gradually awakens to an awareness of the complexities of Southern society and himself." The book was popular, and had favorable reviews. *The Nation* compared it positively to Mark Twain, and *The New York Times* called it "altogether an unusual performance in both its interest and ability ..." The humorous poet Arthur Guiterman wrote: "Of all the books I've chanced to read, The best, beyond comparison, Is of the misanthropic Queed, by Henry Sydnor Harrison." And while H. L. Mencken later called Harrison a "merchant of mush," he found the book to be "immensely amusing" despite some flaws.

## Stage adaptation

A plan to put on a stage adaptation of *Queed* formed and languished under Broadway producer Sam H. Harris. Actor and playwright Gilbert Emery wrote the play version, and the cast included Grant Mitchell, Clay Clement, Albert Bruning, T. Jerome Lawlor, and Walter Edwin, and was directed by Priestly Morrison. However, the play never made it to New York after being rated poorly in trial runs in New Jersey and Connecticut. The *Asbury Park Press* reviewer wrote that despite their great expectations, it was a poor play.

## InfoBox

Queed
| Author | Henry Sydnor Harrison |
| --- | --- |
| Illustrator | R.M. Crosby (frontispiece) |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Houghton Mifflin Company |
| Publication date | May 1911 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (hardcover) |
| Pages | 430 |


title: Queen's Aid House

abstract: The Queen's Aid House, or 41 High Street, is a timber-framed, black-and-white Elizabethan merchant's house in Nantwich, Cheshire, England. It is on the High Street immediately off the town square and opposite the junction with Castle Street. It is listed at grade II. Built shortly after the fire of 1583 by Thomas Cleese, a local craftsman, it has three storeys with attics, and features ornamental panelling, overhangs or jetties at each storey, and a 19th-century oriel window. The building is best known for its contemporary inscription commemorating Elizabeth I's aid in rebuilding the town, which gives the building its name. It has been used as a café, as well as various types of shop. The High Street was the home of the wealthiest townspeople in the 1580s, and the houses dating from the rebuilding form the finest examples of post-fire architecture in the town. The modern High Street still contains many other good examples of Elizabethan timber-framed buildings, all of which date from after the fire; these include the grade-II*-listed number 46, which stands opposite the Queen's Aid House, and the grade-I-listed Crown Inn.

text:
# Queen's Aid House

The **Queen's Aid House**, or **41 High Street**, is a timber-framed, black-and-white Elizabethan merchant's house in Nantwich, Cheshire, England. It is on the High Street immediately off the town square and opposite the junction with Castle Street (at SJ6512752298). It is listed at grade II. Built shortly after the fire of 1583 by Thomas Cleese, a local craftsman, it has three storeys with attics, and features ornamental panelling, overhangs or jetties at each storey, and a 19th-century oriel window. The building is best known for its contemporary inscription commemorating Elizabeth I's aid in rebuilding the town, which gives the building its name. It has been used as a café, as well as various types of shop.

The High Street was the home of the wealthiest townspeople in the 1580s, and the houses dating from the rebuilding form the finest examples of post-fire architecture in the town. The modern High Street still contains many other good examples of Elizabethan timber-framed buildings, all of which date from after the fire; these include the grade-II\*-listed number 46, which stands opposite the Queen's Aid House, and the grade-I-listed Crown Inn.

## History

In December 1583, a fire destroyed most of Nantwich to the east of the River Weaver. According to the contemporary account of Richard Wilbraham, 150 houses burned down, and the devastation was such that a national relief fund was organised to help pay for the town's rebuilding. The appeal was successful: "every person damaged in the loss of their houses have been holpen and relieved in some portion". Elizabeth I personally contributed – the only time that she is known to have done so – giving £1000 (around £200,000 today).

The Queen's Aid House was built as a merchant's house shortly after the fire by local craftsman Thomas Cleese. Cleese (also known as Clease or Clowes) appears to have been the town's master builder from around 1550 until after the fire. He is also known to have built Churche's Mansion, a grade-I-listed Elizabethan mansion at the end of Hospital Street, as well as the roofs to the north and south transepts of St Mary's Church. The building bears a signed inscription dated 1584, and the house is likely to have been completed that year. The original owner is unknown. Based on the signature to the inscription, it has been suggested that Cleese built the house for himself; before the fire, however, he was recorded as a tenant in Pepper Street. In the original layout, there would have been a shop on the ground floor facing the street, with a hall behind giving access to a buttery and kitchen.

The well-known Nonconformist preacher Matthew Henry died of apoplexy in the house on 22 June 1714, after visiting the town to preach at the Presbyterian Meeting House on Pepper Street. He was staying with the Reverend Joseph Mottershead, the minister of the Meeting House.

When local historian James Hall wrote in the 1880s, the Queen's Aid House had been a grocer's shop for at least a century, and had then been occupied by William Sandford since at least 1874. On 16 November 1882, it survived a fire that destroyed its neighbour, a draper's shop. It remained a grocer's shop run by Wardle & Hughes and later Arthur Bentley until at least 1914. In the 1910s and 1920s it was the Queen Bess Café, which appears in a Nantwich postcard, but by 1939 had returned to being a grocer's, the Star Tea Company. In the 1980s it sold confectionery and tobacco products. The building was restored in 2010. As of 2010, it is one of the Rippleglen chain of newsagent's shops.

## Description

The Queen's Aid House is a tall black-and-white building of three storeys plus attics under a tiled roof, with a timber frame infilled with plaster. Each floor is jettied; the corbels supporting the overhangs are carved with faces and other motifs. In common with most merchant's houses of this date in Nantwich, its single gable faces the street, with all the accommodation fitting into a single bay's width. The gable is topped with a finial.

There is ornamental panelling to all storeys except the ground floor, which has a modern shop front. Motifs include ogee lozenges, similar to the decoration of Churche's Mansion, as well as quatrefoils and herringbone patterns. The first storey is flanked by a pair of fluted pilasters, which are in early Renaissance style. None of the windows is original. The first storey has a canted oriel window dating from the 19th century; the second storey has two sash windows, and the attic storey has a single small window with a semicircular arched head. On the second storey, between the two windows, is a carved wooden plaque, which commemorates the aid given by the queen in rebuilding the town:

> God Grante Our R\[o\]yal Queen
> In England Longe To Raign
> For She Hath Put Her Helping
> Hand To Bild This Towne Again

A second carved inscription, in two panels under the second-storey jetty, reads:

> Thomas Cleese Made This Worke
> The Yeare of Our Lorde God. 1584

On the interior, the ground-floor room facing the street has beams with ovolo moulding.

**Sources**

* Bavington G *et al*. *Nantwich, Worleston & Wybunbury: A Portrait in Old Picture Postcards* (Brampton Publications; 1987) (ISBN 0 9511469 6 3)
* Garton E. *Tudor Nantwich: A Study of Life in Nantwich in the Sixteenth Century* (Cheshire County Council Libraries and Museums; 1983) (ISBN 0 903017 05 9)
* Hall J. *A History of the Town and Parish of Nantwich, or Wich Malbank, in the County Palatine of Chester* (2nd edn) (E. J. Morten; 1972) (ISBN 0-901598-24-0)
* Lake J. *The Great Fire of Nantwich* (Shiva Publishing; 1983) (ISBN 0 906812 57 7)
* Pevsner N, Hubbard E. *The Buildings of England: Cheshire* (Penguin Books; 1971) (ISBN 0 14 071042 6)
* Simpson R. *Crewe and Nantwich: A Pictorial History* (Phillimore; 1991) (ISBN 0 85033 724 0)

53°04′00″N 2°31′19″W / 53.0668°N 2.5219°W / 53.0668; -2.5219


title: Queeg (Red Dwarf)

abstract: "Queeg" is the fifth episode of science fiction sitcom Red Dwarf series two and the eleventh in the series run. It premiered on the British television channel BBC2 on 4 October 1988. Written by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, and directed by Ed Bye, the plot features a backup computer named Queeg that replaces Holly. The episode was remastered, along with the rest of the first three series, in 1998.

text:
# Queeg (Red Dwarf)

"**Queeg**" is the fifth episode of science fiction sitcom *Red Dwarf* series two and the eleventh in the series run. It premiered on the British television channel BBC2 on 4 October 1988. Written by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, and directed by Ed Bye, the plot features a backup computer named Queeg that replaces Holly. The episode was remastered, along with the rest of the first three series, in 1998.

## Plot

After *Red Dwarf* survives an impact from an asteroid, and Dave Lister narrowly avoids being killed repairing the damage it did to the Hologram Simulation Suite, he, Arnold Rimmer and Cat question how safe they are with the assistance of the ship's computer, Holly. His lack of intelligence, despite the fact he is supposed to have an IQ of 6,000, and his increasing mistakes soon irritate them. In response, the pair find Holly's computer screens being occupied by a mysterious face they haven't seen before. The face identifies itself as Queeg 500 (Charles Augins), the ship's back-up computer, and announces that it is retiring Holly for his gross negligence leading to the endangerment of the ship's personnel. As a result, Queeg assumes control and demotes Holly to the ship's night watchman.

While the group are pleased at the intelligence and efficiency of the new computer, they soon regret the change when Rimmer is made to wake up early and do exercises, while Lister and Cat are forced to clean the ship in order to acquire any food. Finally understanding how lenient Holly was towards them, the group beg him to return. Holly agrees and issues a challenge to Queeg, leading both to compete in a game of chess to determine who runs *Red Dwarf* and who is erased. Queeg wins easily and announces Holly will be erased. Lister, Rimmer and Cat prepare themselves for Holly's erasure and Queeg's rule. However, to their surprise and exasperation, Holly reveals himself to have been Queeg all along, having played a prank on the group so that they could learn to appreciate what they have.

## Production

The script was nearing completion when the writers were having problems thinking of a satisfactory ending. Eventually Rob Grant came up with the *2001: A Space Odyssey* spoof of Holly singing as he gets erased.

Quickly earning himself a reputation for doing his own stunts, Craig Charles flew over a console table in the aftermath of a huge explosion. His reasoning behind doing the stunts was that as a Scouser he could be dropped on his head with no problems. To achieve the effect of flying up and over the exploding console, Charles bounced off a small trampoline—that was out of shot—and this was matched up to the earlier establishing shot.

Charles Augins was brought in to choreograph the Tongue Tied sequence for the next episode "Parallel Universe", but the writers were so impressed that they offered him the role of Queeg as well.

## Cultural references

The theme tune from *High Noon* plays as Holly goes off to face his showdown with Queeg.

Queeg is named after Captain Queeg from *The Caine Mutiny*, but Holly's "This is mutiny, Mr Queeg" quote is from *Mutiny on the Bounty*.

The song Holly begins to sing as he is erased is "Goodbye to Love" by The Carpenters from their 1972 album *A Song for You*.

## Reception

The episode was originally broadcast on the British television channel BBC2 on 4 October 1988 in the 9:00 pm evening slot. Norman Lovett, who played Holly, stated, in the Series II documentary *It's Cold Outside*, that the episode was one of his favourites. It came in 9th place in a *Red Dwarf Smegazine* readers' poll with 4.4% of the overall votes.

## Remastering

The remastering of Series I to III was carried out during the late 1990s. Changes throughout the series included replacement of the opening credits, giving the picture a colour grade and filmising, computer generated special effects of *Red Dwarf* and many more visual and audio enhancements. Changes made specific to "Queeg" include sound effects on the meteor impact have been enhanced. Video and sound effects have been added to the original live-action footage of Rimmer's hologrammatic form malfunctioning.

Howarth, Chris; Steve Lyons (1993). *Red Dwarf Programme Guide*. Virgin Books. ISBN 0-86369-682-1.

## InfoBox

| "**Queeg**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Red Dwarf* episode | |
| Episode no. | Series 2<br>Episode 5 |
| Directed by | Ed Bye |
| Written by | Rob Grant & Doug Naylor |
| Original air date | 4 October 1988 (1988-10-04) |
| Guest appearance | |
| Charles Augins as Queeg | |
|
|


title: Quarto Miglio

abstract: Quarto Miglio is an urban zone of Municipio VII of Rome, Italy. It was located in the south-eastern area of the city. As of 2010 it had a population of 11,052 people. It takes its name from its proximity to the 4th Mile of the Appian Way, which borders it to the southwest, and is close to much of the Appian Way Regional Park. Many of its street names come from ancient Romans connected with the area, including Herodes Atticus and Annia Regilla. In Roman times the area was known as "ad Quartum". Construction in the area began in the 1920s but did not really take off until the early 1950s. A parish was established in 1935 and the church of San Tarcisio was completed in 1939. It was visited by Pope John Paul II in 1985 in celebration of Quarto Miglio's 50 years as a parish. Notable residents have included the film director Franco Zeffirelli, the actress Gina Lollobrigida and the fashion designer Valentino.

text:
# Quarto Miglio

**Quarto Miglio** (Fourth Mile) is an urban zone of Municipio VII of Rome, Italy. It was located in the south-eastern area of the city. As of 2010 it had a population of 11,052 people. It takes its name from its proximity to the 4th Mile of the Appian Way, which borders it to the southwest, and is close to much of the Appian Way Regional Park. Many of its street names come from ancient Romans connected with the area, including Herodes Atticus and Annia Regilla. In Roman times the area was known as "ad Quartum".

Construction in the area began in the 1920s but did not really take off until the early 1950s. A parish was established in 1935 and the church of San Tarcisio was completed in 1939. It was visited by Pope John Paul II in 1985 in celebration of Quarto Miglio's 50 years as a parish.

Notable residents have included the film director Franco Zeffirelli, the actress Gina Lollobrigida and the fashion designer Valentino.

41°50′34″N 12°32′48″E / 41.84278°N 12.54667°E / 41.84278; 12.54667


title: Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital

abstract:
Location: Cnr Troughton Rd & Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains QLD 4108 The Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital is a public hospital located in Coopers Plains, Brisbane, Australia. The hospital was officially opened on 26 September 1980. The hospital originally was developed to be a site for future expansion of the Mater Children's Hospital, a centre for servicing the needs of the Commonwealth Games held nearby and a range of other initiatives that never eventuated. At one point in its history it was almost closed but after vigorous protests by the local community it was reopened and continues as an elective surgical hospital and an active general medical facility. In 2007 it became part of the newly formed Brisbane South Health District and the QEII Hospital Health Service District was abolished. The district included four hospital services – Beaudesert, Logan, Bayside and QEII. There was also a proposal to build a stand-alone 'surgicentre' at QEII to provide for increased elective surgery. The eventual outcome was a range of internal redevelopments including an enhanced outpatients area, a new ward, an additional operating theatre and considerable infrastructure upgrades. In January 2008 it was announced that the Federal Government would provide funding of $2 Billion for eight medical super clinics as a plan to improve public health services. The QEII Hospital was to be one of the eight hospitals to receive the super clinic boost.
By March 2009 no further development of a medical super clinic at QEII had occurred though it was still actively rumoured as a Commonwealth Government initiative. By 2014 there were no longer any plans for a super clinic at QEII. In late 2008 the Southside Health District and the Princess Alexandra Hospital Health District merged and it was renamed Metrosouth Health Service District. The QEII as it is known continues to function as before, though the former Community Health Services administrative area was closed and as of February 2009 and an additional ward was opened to increase the elective surgical capacity of the facility.

text:
# Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital

Location: Cnr Troughton Rd & Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains QLD 4108

The **Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital (QE II)** is a public hospital located in Coopers Plains, Brisbane, Australia. The hospital was officially opened on 26 September 1980.

The hospital originally was developed to be a site for future expansion of the Mater Children's Hospital, a centre for servicing the needs of the Commonwealth Games held nearby and a range of other initiatives that never eventuated. At one point in its history it was almost closed but after vigorous protests by the local community it was reopened and continues as an elective surgical hospital and an active general medical facility.

In 2007 it became part of the newly formed Brisbane South Health District and the QEII Hospital Health Service District was abolished. The district included four hospital services – Beaudesert, Logan, Bayside and QEII.

There was also a proposal to build a stand-alone 'surgicentre' at QEII to provide for increased elective surgery. The eventual outcome was a range of internal redevelopments including an enhanced outpatients area, a new ward, an additional operating theatre and considerable infrastructure upgrades.

In January 2008 it was announced that the Federal Government would provide funding of $2 Billion for eight medical super clinics as a plan to improve public health services. The QEII Hospital was to be one of the eight hospitals to receive the super clinic boost. By March 2009 no further development of a medical super clinic at QEII had occurred though it was still actively rumoured as a Commonwealth Government initiative. By 2014 there were no longer any plans for a super clinic at QEII.

In late 2008 the Southside Health District and the Princess Alexandra Hospital Health District merged and it was renamed Metrosouth Health Service District.

The QEII as it is known continues to function as before, though the former Community Health Services administrative area was closed and as of February 2009 and an additional ward was opened to increase the elective surgical capacity of the facility.

## Clinical departments

* Orthopaedic Surgery, Director Dr Christopher Bell
* Gynaecology, Director Dr Anton Marineanu
* General Surgery, A/Director Dr Geoff Mudouia
* General Medicine, Director Dr Mandeep Mathur
* Intensive Care, Director Dr David Stewart
* Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Director Dr Amanda Siller
* Emergency Medicine (non-trauma), Director Dr Edward Pink
* Anaesthetics and Pain Management, Director Dr Carolyn Wills
* Urology and Urodynamics, Director Dr Tim Smith
* Library Manager, Dr Jane Simon,

The clinical activities of the hospital centre around lower limb orthopaedic surgery including knee and hip replacements and arthroplasty, elective gynaecological surgery, urodynamics and urological surgery, aged care and rehabilitation as well as a range of general medical and surgical services.

## Management

* Executive Director, Gillian Campbell
* Director of Medical Services (Medical Superintendent), Dr Christopher Bell
    + Director of Surgical Services
    + Director of Emergency and Medical Services, Dr Michael Daly
* Director of Nursing Services, Nicki Dennis
    + Director of Nursing, Surgical Services, Amanda Garner
    + Director of Nursing, Medical Services, Julie Finucane
* Director of Allied Health, Leo Ross
    + Director of Physiotherapy, Mark Nelson
    + Director of Occupational Therapy, Ruth Cox
    + Director of Pharmacy, John Parke
    + Director of Dietetics, Sally Courtice
    + Director of Speech Pathology, Katharine Morley-Davies
* Manager, Finance, Joe Byrne CPA
* Manager, Human Resources, Andrew Riddell
* Manager, Corporate Services, Lorraine Munn
* Director of Health Information Management Service, Ava Wong
* Manager, Quality & Safety, Bernie O’Brien

27°33′34″S 153°02′56″E / 27.5594°S 153.0489°E / -27.5594; 153.0489

## InfoBox

| Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital | |
| --- | --- |
| Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital | |
|  | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Brisbane, South East Queensland, Queensland, Australia |
| Organisation | |
| Type | General |
| History | |
| Opened | 26 September 1980 |
| Links | |
| Website |  |
| Lists | Hospitals in Australia |


title: Quinnia laetifica

abstract: Quinnia laetifica is a species of extremely small deep water sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Seguenziidae.

text:
# Quinnia laetifica

***Quinnia laetifica*** is a species of extremely small deep water sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Seguenziidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 3.9 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs on the Norfolk Ridge, off New Caledonia

## InfoBox

| *Quinnia laetifica* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Shell of *Quinnia laetifica* (holotype at MNHN, Paris) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Vetigastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Seguenzioidea |
| Family: | Seguenziidae |
| Subfamily: | Seguenziinae |
| Genus: | *Quinnia* |
| Species: | ***Q. laetifica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Quinnia laetifica***<br>Marshall, 1991 | |
|


title: Quinnia ionica

abstract: Quinnia ionica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Seguenziidae. It was so called by Watson from its resemblance to the volute of the Ionic capital.

text:
# Quinnia ionica

***Quinnia ionica*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Seguenziidae.

It was so called by Watson from its resemblance to the volute of the Ionic capital.

## Description

(Original description by Watson) The height of the shell attains 4.6 mm. The smooth, depressed shell has a conical shape. It is sharply carinate, spirally lirate, and smooth.

Sculpture: There is a sharp carina at the periphery. Above this is a spiral liration formed by a sharp angulation, which on the upper whorls lies near the suture, but on the later whorls lies nearer the carina. The carina is margined below by a broad, shallow, round furrow, which is defined on its inner side by a sharp spiral thread. The umbilicus is defined by a sharp thread, outside of which is a shallow furrow and two or three more spiral threads. The centre of the base is nearly smooth, but has also some feeble spirals, which increase in strength toward the outside and toward the centre. Besides these, the whole surface is covered with sharp, not approximate, microscopic spirals.

Longitudinals: tTere are numerous distinct lines of growth, which on the second whorl are like minute radiating spokes, and in the superior sinus (i. e. between the suture and the first spiral) are sharp and distinct, and more remote than elsewhere on the surface, except on the base round the umbilicus, where, though less sharp, they are even more distinct.

Colour: a dead chalky white, with an exquisite pearly nacre below the outside layer and within the shell.

The spire is low and scalar. The apex is flattened, the embryonic 1½ whorl, though somewhat tumid and large for the genus, being somewhat immersed. The 7 whorls show a regular and slow increase until the last, which increases somewhat more rapidly. Angulated above, tumid on the base, where (unlike *Carenzia carinata* (Jeffreys, 1877)) the edge of the umbilicus is the most projecting part. The suture is linear, very minute, but defined by a very slight shelf, which projects horizontally just below it. The aperture is perpendicular, squarish, buttoo much broken for description. The lines of growth on the outer lip show it to have the same three sinuses as those described in *Seguenzia formosa* Jeffreys, 1876. The columellar margin is patulous, a little reverted, scarcely twisted, with a broad deep sinus above, a strong, but not sharp, twisted tooth projecting at about three-fourths of its length, below which is a smaller sinus running out into a point at the extreme end of the columella. The umbilicus is large, funnel-shaped, and deep. It is sharply defined by the edge of the base, the spiral of which runs out to the point of the columellar margin. Within the umbilicus is a strongish undefined spiral furrow answering to the columellar tooth, and the lines of growth are strongly defined.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off the Azores and in the Gulf of Mexico, off Puerto Rico.

* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). *European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.* Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
* Rosenberg, G., F. Moretzsohn, and E. F. García. 2009. *Gastropoda (Mollusca) of the Gulf of Mexico*, Pp. 579–699 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.

## InfoBox

| *Quinnia ionica* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Vetigastropoda |
| Family: | Seguenziidae |
| Genus: | *Quinnia* |
| Species: | ***Q. ionica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Quinnia ionica***<br>(Watson, 1878) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Seguenzia ionica* Watson, 1878 (original description) | |


title: Rachel Cliff (athlete)

abstract: Rachel Cliff is a Canadian long-distance runner. She competed in the women's 10,000 meters at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics. In 2018, she set the Canadian record with a time of 1:10:08 in The Woodlands Half-Marathon, in March 2018. The same year, Cliff also secured the fastest ever debut-marathon by a Canadian woman when finishing the 2018 Berlin Marathon in 11th place. She won the bronze medal in the 10,000m at the 2018 NACAC Championships and placed 9th at both the 2015 Universiade 5000m in Korea, as well as the 10,000m at the 2018 Commonwealth Games. At the Nagoya Women's 2019 Marathon, she set the Canadian record, running the Japanese marathon as only her second career marathon ever.

text:
# Rachel Cliff (athlete)

**Rachel Cliff** (born 1 April 1988) is a Canadian long-distance runner. She competed in the women's 10,000 meters at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics. In 2018, she set the Canadian record with a time of 1:10:08 in The Woodlands Half-Marathon, in March 2018. The same year, Cliff also secured the fastest ever debut-marathon by a Canadian woman when finishing the 2018 Berlin Marathon in 11th place. She won the bronze medal in the 10,000m at the 2018 NACAC Championships and placed 9th at both the 2015 *Universiade* 5000m in Korea, as well as the 10,000m at the 2018 Commonwealth Games. At the Nagoya Women's 2019 Marathon, she set the Canadian record, running the Japanese marathon as only her second career marathon ever.

## InfoBox

Rachel Cliff
| Cliff at the 2018 Berlin Marathon | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Born | (1988-04-01) 1 April 1988 |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Long-distance running |
| Event(s) | 10,000 metres, marathon |
| Medal record      Women's athletics  Representing   Canada   Pan American Games  2019 Lima 10000 m | |


title: Rei da Cacimbinha

abstract: Rei da Cacimbinha is a Brazilian arrocha band, formed in September 2014 by members Giovani Macedo, Igor Menezes and Hélio Pires. Rei da Cacimbinha was formed in south Bahia, in Vitória da Conquista. Vocalist Hélio Pires, however, is from Barra da Estiva, located in the Chapada Diamantina mountain range. The band rose to fame after the success of its song "Muriçoca", which has more than 8.5 million views on YouTube. Supported by their Internet fame, the band is currently performing about 20 shows per month. The band recorded a DVD of their performance in Messias, Alagoas where they were performing before an audience of 30,000 people. The band has been constantly receiving news about being plagiarized. Songs in the band's repertoire include: "Muriçoca", "Pop 100", "Meu pai é foda", "Comendo a quilo", and "Vai pegar gelo". Pop 100's music video was filmed in Recife, Pernambuco.

text:
# Rei da Cacimbinha

**Rei da Cacimbinha** is a Brazilian arrocha band, formed in September 2014 by members Giovani Macedo, Igor Menezes and Hélio Pires. Rei da Cacimbinha was formed in south Bahia, in Vitória da Conquista. Vocalist Hélio Pires (John Falcão), however, is from Barra da Estiva, located in the Chapada Diamantina mountain range.

The band rose to fame after the success of its song "Muriçoca", which has more than 8.5 million views on YouTube. Supported by their Internet fame, the band is currently performing about 20 shows per month. The band recorded a DVD of their performance in Messias, Alagoas where they were performing before an audience of 30,000 people.

The band has been constantly receiving news about being plagiarized. Songs in the band's repertoire include: "Muriçoca", "Pop 100", "Meu pai é foda", "Comendo a quilo", and "Vai pegar gelo". Pop 100's music video was filmed in Recife, Pernambuco.

## InfoBox

| Rei da Cacimbinha | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil |
| Genres | Arrocha, forró, brega |
| Years active | 2014–present |
| Labels | KL Produtora (2014-present) |
|  | |
| Members | Giovani Macedo
Igor Menezes
Hélio Pires |


title: Sioux Falls Bus Station

abstract: The Sioux Falls Bus Station is an intercity bus station on the west side of Sioux Falls, South Dakota. The station, opened in the mid-2010s, serves Jefferson Lines buses to destinations across the Upper Midwest. Sioux Falls has seen intercity bus transit since 1921, and the first bus station opened on Phillips Avenue in 1924. Two new bus stations opened in 1947, one of which would be in operation until the early 2000s. This was followed by the bus station on Russell Street, which opened in 2005 and the current station approximately a decade later on Maple Street.

text:
# Sioux Falls Bus Station

The **Sioux Falls Bus Station** is an intercity bus station on the west side of Sioux Falls, South Dakota. The station, opened in the mid-2010s, serves Jefferson Lines buses to destinations across the Upper Midwest.

Sioux Falls has seen intercity bus transit since 1921, and the first bus station opened on Phillips Avenue in 1924. Two new bus stations opened in 1947, one of which would be in operation until the early 2000s. This was followed by the bus station on Russell Street, which opened in 2005 and the current station approximately a decade later on Maple Street.

## Attributes

The bus station is located west of downtown Sioux Falls on the west side of Interstate 29. The terminal occupies the westernmost doorway of a building serving multiple businesses. The bus station is used solely by Jefferson Lines.

## History

### Early stations

The first intercity bus station in Sioux Falls was the Union Bus Depot, which opened September 2, 1924 at 234 North Phillips Avenue. By 1927, this depot had 18 departures and 18 arrivals per day with 400 passengers traveling through the Sioux Falls station. Service was provided by Jack Rabbit Transportation Co., Worthington-Sioux Falls Transportation Co., 3-R and Custer Transportation Co., Blue Goose Transportation Co., Groves Transportation Co., and Sioux Falls Traction System.

In 1947 two new bus stations opened to replace the Union Bus Depot. On May 1, the First Avenue Depot opened between 11th and 12th streets, serving Sioux Lines Inc., Hawkeye Stages, and Two Siouxs Bus Lines. August 20 saw the opening of the new Union Bus Depot at 301 North Dakota Avenue. This station, managed by Jack Rabbit Lines, saw the majority of bus traffic serving the additional bus operators of Overland Greyhound Co., Palace City Lines, Southwestern Stages, and Sioux Falls-Springfield Lines. The $70,000 Union Bus Depot featured seven bus bays, an indoor waiting area, ticket office, and restaurant.

### Recent history

While the First Avenue Depot closed earlier, the 1947 Union Bus Depot continued on until early 2005, when it too was demolished to make way for a post office and office building. Jefferson Lines moved temporarily to 610 East 54th Street, until the new depot was completed November 21, 2005. The new station at 1500 West Russell Street, away from downtown, was hailed for its clean, modern look with an internet cafe and snack shop. While Jefferson Lines is the sole bus company serving the terminal, the new facility was completely paid for by the local businessman Ian Cross. Cross, the owner of Cross Courier & Dispatch Services, served as ticket agent for Jefferson Lines at the new station. In the mid-2010s, Jefferson Lines moved down the road to a location off Interstate 29 at 4410 Maple Street.

## InfoBox

| Sioux Falls Bus Station | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Location | 4110 Maple Street, Suite 108, Sioux Falls, South Dakota |
| Coordinates | 43°34′24″N 96°46′49″W / 43.573382°N 96.780333°W / 43.573382; -96.780333 |
| Bus operators | **Jefferson Lines** |
| Connections | Sioux Area Metro 19 |
| Other information | |
| Website | Official website |
| History | |
| Opened | 2010s |
| Passengers | |
|  | |
| 10,000/month (2005) | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | |


title: The Art of the Sale

abstract: The Art of the Sale - Learning From The Masters About The Business Of Life is a non-fiction book by the author and journalist Philip Delves Broughton. He also authored the bestseller Ahead of the Curve. The book was published by Penguin Press in 2012. It analyses the role of persuasion in everyday life and the qualities of effective salespeople. The author had international travels to learn the art and science of selling. The book deals with the importance and the cultural influence of sales and role of sales as social discourse, as the means to generate revenue. BBC Radio in Peter Day's World of Business interviewed the author of the book.

text:
# The Art of the Sale

***The Art of the Sale - Learning From The Masters About The Business Of Life*** is a non-fiction book by the author and journalist Philip Delves Broughton. He also authored the bestseller *Ahead of the Curve*.

The book was published by Penguin Press in 2012. It analyses the role of persuasion in everyday life and the qualities of effective salespeople. The author had international travels to learn the art and science of selling. The book deals with the importance and the cultural influence of sales and role of sales as social discourse, as the means to generate revenue. BBC Radio in Peter Day's World of Business interviewed the author of the book.

## Summary

The subject of selling things isn't covered in most MBA programs of Harvard Business School.

* Book review, , 28-April-2012.
* Book review,
* Book review, , 15-February-2012.
* Book's website at .

## InfoBox

The Art of the Sale Learning From The Masters About The Business Of Life
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Philip Delves Broughton |
| Language | English |
| Subject | Business |
| Genre | non-fiction, Business & economy |
| Publisher | Penguin Press |
| Publication date | 2012 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (hardcover) Audiobook |
| Pages | 291 |
| ISBN | 9781461844525 |


title: Robert Hogsett

abstract: Robert N. Hogsett was an American football player. He played college football for the Dartmouth Big Green football team from 1911 to 1913 and was the captain of the 1913 Dartmouth team. He was a consensus All-American football player in 1913, receiving first-team honors from both Walter Camp and the International News Service. Hogsett was the son of Thomas H. Hogsett, a corporate lawyer in Cleveland, Ohio, and Rebecca (Jones) Hogsett. Hogsett attended University School in Cleveland before enrolling at Dartmouth College. He was five feet, six inches tall, and weighed 156 pounds while playing football at Dartmouth. Hogsett died unexpectedly, aged 61, at his home in Somerville, New Jersey.

text:
# Robert Hogsett

**Robert N. Hogsett** (c. 1892 – August 8, 1953) was an American football player. He played college football for the Dartmouth Big Green football team from 1911 to 1913 and was the captain of the 1913 Dartmouth team. He was a consensus All-American football player in 1913, receiving first-team honors from both Walter Camp and the International News Service.

Hogsett was the son of Thomas H. Hogsett, a corporate lawyer in Cleveland, Ohio, and Rebecca (Jones) Hogsett. Hogsett attended University School in Cleveland before enrolling at Dartmouth College. He was five feet, six inches tall, and weighed 156 pounds while playing football at Dartmouth. Hogsett died unexpectedly, aged 61, at his home in Somerville, New Jersey.

## InfoBox

Robert Hogsett
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Dartmouth Big Green | |
| Position | End |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | c. 1892 |
| Died: | (aged 61)<br>Somerville, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Height | 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) |
| Weight | 156 lb (71 kg) |
| Career history | |
| College | Dartmouth (19111913) |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |


title: Ram Aur Shyam

abstract: Ram Aur Shyam is a 1967 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed by Tapi Chanakya. The film is a remake of Chanakya's 1964 Telugu film Ramudu Bheemudu. It stars Dilip Kumar in a double role as twin brothers, alongside Waheeda Rehman, Mumtaz, Nirupa Roy, Pran. The music was composed by Naushad, with lyrics written by Shakeel Badayuni. Ram Aur Shyam was the second highest-grossing Indian film of 1967, domestically in India and overseas. It was listed at number 15 in the "Top 50 Film of Last 50 years" list compiled by Box Office India magazine in 2011 which featured all-time highest-grossing Bollywood films by using gold-price inflation. The film received 3 nominations at the 15th Filmfare Awards, including Best Actress for Waheeda Rehman and Best Supporting Actress for Mumtaz and won Best Actor for Dilip Kumar.

text:
# Ram Aur Shyam

***Ram Aur Shyam*** (English: *Ram And Shyam*) is a 1967 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed by Tapi Chanakya. The film is a remake of Chanakya's 1964 Telugu film *Ramudu Bheemudu*. It stars Dilip Kumar in a double role as twin brothers, alongside Waheeda Rehman, Mumtaz, Nirupa Roy, Pran. The music was composed by Naushad, with lyrics written by Shakeel Badayuni.

*Ram Aur Shyam* was the second highest-grossing Indian film of 1967, domestically in India and overseas. It was listed at number 15 in the "Top 50 Film of Last 50 years" list compiled by Box Office India magazine in 2011 which featured all-time highest-grossing Bollywood films by using gold-price inflation. The film received 3 nominations at the 15th Filmfare Awards, including Best Actress for Waheeda Rehman and Best Supporting Actress for Mumtaz and won Best Actor for Dilip Kumar.

## Plot

Ram lives with his sister Sulakshana and niece Kuku on his family estate. His brother-in-law Gajendra is a ghar jamai who looks after his factories and controls his property with an iron grip. Ram is shy and cowardly in nature and so he is always abused and brutally beaten by Gajendra. Sulakshana and Kuku try to protect Ram from Gajendra whenever he whips Ram. Everybody decides to get Ram married for his well being.

Gajendra finds a rich girl Anjana with the aim of getting a huge dowry. Anjana dislikes Ram after he spills tea over her due to nervousness. Gajendra, angry at Ram's behaviour, conspires with the support of his mother and cunning Munimji to kill Ram and take over his property. Ram overhears this and escapes to the city to save his life. Meanwhile, Ram's long lost twin brother Shyam lives in a village with his adopted mother Ganga, whom he believes to be his biological mother. No one other than Ganga knows the truth about the twin brothers.

Shyam is strong, brave and mischievous, unlike his brother. He has a love-hate relationship with Shanta. Shyam escapes to the city, after a mischievous conflict with Ganga, and meets Anjana, who is impressed by his personality. Anjana and her father confuse Shyam with Ram. Ram meets Shanta, who thinks he is Shyam and takes him forcefully to his mother. Ram and Shanta develop feelings for each other. Meanwhile, Shyam decides to take the place of Ram to face Gajendra.

Shyam refuses to sign his property over, after which angry Gajendra attacks him. Shyam retaliates and whips Gajendra hard, shocking everybody. Sulakshana stops her brother to protect her husband. Gajendra is startled after being beaten up by Shyam, whom everybody believes as Ram. Shanta and Anjana meet and both claim the picture of Ram as their fiancé. Gajendra learns that Shyam has taken the place of Ram. He abducts Ram and Shanta, and plans to kill Ram. He frames Shyam for the murder of Ram though Ram is alive. Shyam is arrested by police. Anjana and her father learn from Ganga that Ram and Shyam are twin brothers lost in a village fair.

They also learn about the true colour of Gajendra. Shyam escapes from police custody and battles Gajendra and his henchmen. Gajendra tries to shoot them, but both the brothers and Shanta manage to defeat him. At the end, the twin brothers are happily married and the family reunited.

## Cast

## Reception

Dilip Kumar, who was known as "Tragedy-King" surprised the audience with his comic performance, which won him Best Actor at the 15th Filmfare Awards.

### Box-Office

At the domestic Indian box office, *Ram Aur Shyam* grossed 27.5 million (3.7 million) nett. Adjusted for inflation, the film's domestic nett gross is equivalent to $34 million (₹1.84 billion) in 2016. It was 1967's second highest-grossing film in India, after *Upkar*.

Overseas at the Soviet box office, *Ram Aur Shyam* was released with 1,160 prints and sold 33.4 million tickets in 1972. At the average Soviet ticket price of 25 kopecks at the time, the film grossed 8.35 million Rbls ($10.1 million), ₹76.8 million). Adjusted for inflation, the film's overseas Soviet gross is equivalent to $74 million (₹3.96 billion) in 2016. It was the second highest-grossing 1967 Indian film in the Soviet Union, after *Hamraaz*.

Worldwide, the film grossed ₹104.3 million ($13.8 million) by 1972. Adjusted for inflation, its worldwide gross is equivalent to ₹5.8 billion ($85 million) in 2016.

## Legacy

Dilip Kumar stated in an interview "The script of *Ram Aur Shyam* (1967) offered me endless stimulation. Each scene was sharply written to highlight the contrast between the characters and their predicaments."

According to Rediff.com, the most famous twin act in India, remains to be Dilip Kumar's turn in *Ram Aur Shyam.* The film is also included in their list of "Landmark Film of 60s".

## Soundtrack

| Ram Aur Shyam | |
| --- | --- |
| Soundtrack album by Naushad | |
| Released | 1967 |
| Genre | Feature Film Soundtrack |
| Label | HMV, Saregama |
| Producer | Naushad |

Lyrics were written by Shakeel Badayuni.

| Song | Singer |
| --- | --- |
| "Maine Kab Tumse Kaha" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Main Hoon Saqi, Tu Hai Sharabi Sharabi" | Lata Mangeshkar, Mohammed Rafi |
| "Aaj Ki Raat Mere Dil Ki" | Mohammed Rafi |
| "Aayi Hai Baharen" | Mohammed Rafi |
| "Balam Tere Pyar Ki Thandi Aag Mein Jalte Jalte Main" | Mohammed Rafi, Asha Bhosle |
| "Dheere Dheere Bol, Koi Sun Lega Sajna" | Mahendra Kapoor, Asha Bhosle |
| "Aaj Sakhi Ri Mori Piya" | Asha Bhosle |
|

## InfoBox

| Ram Aur Shyam | |
| --- | --- |
| Ram Aur Shyam poster | |
| Directed by | Tapi Chanakya |
| Written by | Kaushal Bharati
D.V. Narasaraju |
| Story by | D. V. Narasa Raju |
| Based on | *Ramudu Bheemudu* (Telugu) by D. V. Narasa Raju |
| Produced by | Chakrapani
B. Nagi Reddy |
| Starring | Dilip Kumar
Waheeda Rehman
Mumtaz |
| Cinematography | Marcus Bartley |
| Edited by | C. P. Jambulingam |
| Music by | Naushad (composer)
Shakeel Badayuni (lyrics) |
| Production
company | Vijaya Productions |
| Distributed by | Vijaya Productions |
| Release date | * 20 October 1967 (1967-10-20) |
| Running time | 171 min. |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |
| Box office | est. ₹104.3 million ($13.8 million) |


title: Thomas Niederstrasser

abstract: Thomas Niederstrasser is a retired Austrian football defender.

text:
# Thomas Niederstrasser

**Thomas Niederstrasser** (born 13 March 1965) is a retired Austrian football defender.

## InfoBox

Thomas Niederstrasser
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1965-03-13) 13 March 1965 | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1984–1985 | Rapid Wien II |  |  |
| 1986–1990 | First Vienna |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Centracare (hospital)

abstract: Centracare is a Canadian psychiatric hospital in Saint John, New Brunswick. Operated by Horizon Health Network, it is a modern 50-bed tertiary care facility.

text:
# Centracare (hospital)

**Centracare** is a Canadian psychiatric hospital in Saint John, New Brunswick.

Operated by Horizon Health Network, it is a modern 50-bed tertiary care facility.

## History

Centracare's history can be traced to 1835 when the **Provincial Lunatic Asylum** was constructed at the corner of Wentworth and Leinster streets in "uptown" Saint John, making it the first mental health facility constructed in British North America. Its first director was Dr. George Peters who served from 1835 to 1848.

Ground was broken in 1846 on a new facility to be constructed of stone to replace the aging wooden structure at Wentworth and Leinster. This new building was to occupy a commanding location in the neighbouring city of Lancaster, on a high bluff on the west bank of the Saint John River overlooking the Reversing Falls gorge which was immediately upstream. An infamous nearby road intersection at the west end of the Reversing Falls Bridge called "Simms Corner" (after the T.S. Simms & Co. Ltd. paint brush factory) was located on the north side of the property.

The first 90 patients moved into the building on December 12, 1848.

Dr. John Waddell served as director from 1849 to 1875, living for 26 years with his family in an apartment on the third floor of the building above the main entrance.

Dr. James T. Steeves took over the position as director and served from 1875 to 1895. The late 1870s saw tremendous growth in the number of patients being admitted, leading to overcrowding and turning away patients. The Great Fire of 1877 would have been easily viewed from the institution's location overlooking the city, however it was noted that this disaster did not have a significant effect upon the patients.

The building was modernized and living conditions improved during capital expenditures during the late 1870s that saw rooms painted and decorated, as well as the installation of dumbwaiters and elevators, hot water throughout the building, improved ventilation, water closets, and a central laundry service operating steam-heated washers and dryers. An 1878 addition (the first of five) was constructed to the building for housing male patients and a workshop was opened for them in 1880. In 1881 an addition was constructed for female patients which helped to relieve overcrowding concerns.

The hospital contained 15 wards which separated men from women, as well as paying patients from non-paying patients and by varying degrees of severity of illness. Able-bodied patients were expected to work in the building's laundry or clean various parts of the facility in order to pay for their stay. The **Annex Farm** opened on the Sand Cove Road in southern Lancaster, overlooking the Bay of Fundy in 1885 and many residents worked there as well.

Dr. George A Hetherington served as director from 1896 to 1903 and oversaw improvements to the property's exterior, including various walkways, pathways and gardens of the Asylum as part of a project to encourage patients to do more outdoor activities. He was also an advocate of hydrotherapy and led the Asylum through various implementations of this form of treatment.

Dr. James Vickers Anglin was the longest serving director of the Asylum from 1904 to 1934 and lived in the director's third floor apartment with his wife and five children. In his first year as director, the institution changed its name to the **Provincial Hospital of Nervous Diseases**. He oversaw numerous capital improvements including repainting of rooms, a new heating system, hardwood floors throughout the building's living and common areas, as well as the installation of electricity and lighting. Patient overcrowding during the 1920s, possibly as a result of New Brunswick veterans returning from World War I, led to another addition constructed in 1927–1929 which saw two new wards, a kitchen and storeroom built.

A 1934 report indicated that from the institution's opening in 1849, it had treated 11,796 patients, of which 4,708 were discharged and "fully recovered".

Dr. E.C. Menzies served as director from 1934 to 1956 and oversaw ongoing capital improvements to the wards and treatment facilities, including the construction and installation of an operating room, X-ray department and sterilizing equipment in 1936; prior to this, patients had to be transferred to the General Hospital. World War II saw a shortage of staff in trained doctors, nurses and ward attendants. An electroencephalogram was installed in 1951. The facility also purchased various residential properties along nearby Lancaster Avenue to serve as housing for the institution's staff.

The hospital experienced severe overcrowding during the late 1940s and early 1950s as the number of patients increased dramatically following the war when soldiers were repatriated to New Brunswick. Consequently, the provincial government decided to fund the province's second psychiatric hospital, the Restigouche Hospital which opened its doors in 1954 in Campbellton.

In 1955, the provincial government studied replacing the Saint John facility with a new building on the property occupied by the Annex Farm; the farm property had been expanded by 100 acres (40 ha) in 1945. The proposed facility replacement project was cancelled in 1958 with a change in government.

In December 1956, the hospital recorded the highest number of patients in its history with 1,697 having been admitted.

Dr. Robert A. Gregory served as director from 1956 to 1969, followed by Dr. Ihsan Kapkin from 1969 to 1971. In 1970 the Provincial Hospital Annex (also known as the Provincial Hospital Farm) was sold to the private sector.

Dr. Allan Robertson was the director of the institution from 1973 to 1977 and led efforts to convince the provincial government to replace the facility with more modern infrastructure. This period also saw considerable debate in the government led by Premier Richard Hatfield over what to do about modernizing community care for the mentally ill.

Dr. H. Leonard Sussman served as director from 1977 to 1978, followed by Dr. John A. Finley from 1978 to 1981, Dr. J. C. Theriault from 1981 to 1983, Dr. Pierre Deom from 1985 to 1986 and Dr. James Millar from 1986 to 1995.

In 1985 the New Brunswick Mental Health Commission was established as the first of several steps in modernizing and de-centralizing institutional care in the province. At this time the institution was renamed **Centracare**. In 1992, Centracare came under the administration of the Region 2 Hospital Corporation, later renamed the Atlantic Health Sciences Corporation which was the health authority charged with administering hospitals and health care facilities across southwestern New Brunswick.

In January 1996, it was decided by AHSC to change the focus of Centracare from a facility-oriented view to a program-oriented view. Linda Nice was appointed director and funding was secured from the provincial government for a replacement residential care facility while plans were made to demolish the original institution in Lancaster (now part of the city of Saint John). In April 1997 a $4.4 million (CAD) tender was issued to construct the new 50-bed psychiatric hospital in suburban South Bay.

The new facility opened in the spring of 1998 and provides tertiary level psychogeriatric and psychosocial rehabilitation services and is the focal point of AHSC's mental health care that also includes psychiatric services at the Saint John Regional Hospital and through various Community Mental Health Clinics.

The massive 150-year-old original Centracare property in Lancaster, which was first called the **Provincial Lunatic Asylum**, had been purchased from the provincial government by industrial conglomerate J.D. Irving Limited for $1 million (CAD) in 1998. The building was vacated after the last 48 patients were moved from the building in the spring of 1998 to Centracare's new psychiatric hospital at South Bay.

J.D. Irving began the massive demolition of the vacant psychiatric hospital in Lancaster on March 9, 1999, and the entire structure was levelled within days. Some of the rubble was used to fill the basement while the rest was hauled away to a nearby construction and demolition landfill. The site was then hydroseeded and the property has been turned into a privately owned but publicly accessed urban park named Wolastoq Park administered by J.D. Irving Ltd. The park has views of the Reversing Falls gorge and the Saint John skyline.

## InfoBox

| Centracare | |
| --- | --- |
| Horizon Health Network | |
| Location in New Brunswick | |
| Geography | |
| Location | 414 Bay Street, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada |
| Coordinates | 45°15′15″N 66°07′35″W / 45.2542°N 66.1265°W / 45.2542; -66.1265 |
| Organization | |
| Care system | Public Medicare (Canada) |
| Type | Psychiatric |
| Services | |
| Beds | 50 |
| History | |
| Opened | 1835 |
| Links | |
| Website | Centracare |
| Lists | Hospitals in Canada |


title: Bawre Nain

abstract: Bawre Nain is a 1950 Indian Hindi-language romance film directed by Kidar Nath Sharma. It was produced under the Ambitious Pictures banner at Shree Sound Studios. For the music, Sharma persisted with music director Roshan, in spite of several demands from film distributors to have him removed following his failure as a composer in an earlier film, Neki Aur Badi (1949). The music became popular and is stated to be the reason for the film's success. One of the noteworthy songs that popularised playback singer Mukesh was "Teri Duniya Mein Dil Lagta Nahin", composed in Raga Darbari Kaanada. Bawre Nain is cited as Roshan's "first big hit" as a music composer. The film starred Raj Kapoor, Geeta Bali, Vijayalaxmi, Prakash, Darpan, Pessi Patel, Jaswant and Cuckoo. Both Raj Kapoor and Geeta Bali were Sharma discoveries, with Raj Kapoor's first film being Sharma's Neel Kamal and Geeta Bali's Sohaag Raat. The film was a success and is cited as a "classic", with special mention for Sharma's "exceptionally worded lyrics". Roshan's music, with songs like "Khayalon Mein Kisi Ke" became a favourite with "millions", starting him on "a glorious career".

text:
# Bawre Nain

***Bawre Nain*** ("searching eyes") is a 1950 Indian Hindi-language romance film directed by Kidar Nath Sharma. It was produced under the Ambitious Pictures banner at Shree Sound Studios. For the music, Sharma persisted with music director Roshan, in spite of several demands from film distributors to have him removed following his failure as a composer in an earlier film, *Neki Aur Badi* (1949). The music became popular and is stated to be the reason for the film's success. One of the noteworthy songs that popularised playback singer Mukesh was "Teri Duniya Mein Dil Lagta Nahin", composed in Raga Darbari Kaanada. *Bawre Nain* is cited as Roshan's "first big hit" as a music composer.

The film starred Raj Kapoor, Geeta Bali, Vijayalaxmi, Prakash, Darpan, Pessi Patel, Jaswant and Cuckoo. Both Raj Kapoor and Geeta Bali were Sharma discoveries, with Raj Kapoor's first film being Sharma's *Neel Kamal* and Geeta Bali's *Sohaag Raat*.

The film was a success and is cited as a "classic", with special mention for Sharma's "exceptionally worded lyrics". Roshan's music, with songs like "Khayalon Mein Kisi Ke" became a favourite with "millions", starting him on "a glorious career".

## Plot

Chand lives in a small rural town in India. He is unable to pay the rent, and his landlord evicts him. He re-locates to another town and meets with a young woman named Tara. Both are attracted to each other. Chand is unable to secure employment in this town, and moves elsewhere. Tara waits for several months, but does not hear anything from him. So she decides to go and look for him, hoping to re-kindle her love. She is shocked and surprised to find him with an attractive woman named Rajni, who claims that Chand is her betrothed and both are to get married soon.

## Review and reception

Meghnad Desai, in his book "Pakeezah" described it as "a very thin story is used to drape stunning melodies" composed by music director Roshan. According to Ausaja, Geeta Bali "received rave review for her performance as a village belle", and "the music of this film made it a classic", with the song "Khayalon Mein Kisi Ke" becoming "a hit of millions".

The reviewer in the Motion Picture Magazine (November 1950) published in India, lamented the endless use by film-makers of the "boy-meets-girl, boy-loses-girl, boy-gets/loses-girl formula". He termed it "a vicious little circle" with no "avenue of escape from it". The "hackneyed theme", with "stark raving melodrama" and too many coincidences, was described as a disappointment from someone of Kidar Sharma's stature, who had earlier made the praise-worthy *Jogan* (1950). Geeta Bali's performance was written as her best so far, with Raj Kapoor being just satisfactory. The music director Roshan came in for special mention for composing "lilting" songs. Ashish Rajadhyaksha and Paul Willemen, authors of the book *Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema*, called the film an "extraordinary melodrama distinguished by Geeta Bali's innovative acting."

## Cast

## Casting

Raj Kapoor was given a break by Kidar Sharma when he hired him as an assistant director. Sharma then went on to create "highly stylized romantic characters" for him. Kapoor's first was his debut role in *Neel Kamal* (1947), opposite Madhubala. The second was *Bawre Nain*.

Geeta Bali was a discovery of Sharma's, who describes meeting her and her family in lowly circumstances while a young teenager in his book The One And Lonely Kidar Sharma. He cast Bali in her debut film and repeated her as the girl searching for her beloved in Bawre Nain.

Vijayalaxmi played the role of Rajni, a "modern" educated girl; the sort of character utilised to showcase the "vamp" in Hindi films of that time.

## Music

Roshan's entry as a music director was with Sharma's 1949 film *Neki Aur Badi* (1949). However, despite the "nightmarish debut as a composer", Sharma retained him to compose the music for *Bawre Nain*. This, according to Vittal and Bhattacharjee was done against the wishes of the film distributors who had offered to increase their price to Rs. 25,000 per territory if Sharma dropped Roshan and took anyone else as the composer. Sharma refused to accept the offer and continued with Roshan.

Mukesh's varying tonal effects and soothing quality was put to good use in the song "Teri Duniya Mein Dil Lagta Nahin", which was composed in Raag Darbari Kaanada. It effectively captured the "mood of the song". This song is cited to have helped Mukesh "grow" as a singer, while becoming popular as a playback singer for Raj Kapoor in his films such as *Awaara* (1951) and *Shree 420* (1955).

Shamshad Begum's versatility as a singer, according to Ranade, was matched only by Asha Bhosle in later days. In the song "Ichak Bichak Bhurr" Shamshad brought out a high-pitched trill on the word "bhurr", while in another part she had "two consecutive trills, one octave apart" in quick succession.

Rajkumari's rendition of "Sun Bairi Balam Sach Bol Re" was another popular number from the film, matching Geeta Bali's "on-screen zest".

Mohammed Rafi and Asha Bhosle had a duet with the song "Mohabbat Ke Maaron Ka Haal".

The lyricist was Kidar Sharma himself, with Anantharaman citing two duets which were exemplary. The first was "Khayalon Mein Kisi Ke", sung by Mukesh and Geeta Dutt. The other was "Sun Bairi Balam Sach Bol Re", by Raj Kumari and Mukesh, which was also Raj Kumari's "biggest hit" in this film.

## Soundtrack

The songs were composed by Roshan and penned by Kidar Sharma. Song list:

| Song | Singer |
| --- | --- |
| "Ichak Beechak Churr" | Shamshad Begum |
| "Sun Bairi Balam" | Rajkumari |
| "Kyun Mere Dil Mein" | Rajkumari |
| "Mere Roothe Hue Balma" | Rajkumari |
| "Ghir Ghirke Aasman Par Chhane Lagi Hain Ghatayen" | Rajkumari, Asha Bhosle |
| "Mujhe Sach Sach Bata Do" | Rajkumari, Mukesh |
| "Khayalon Mein Kisi Ke" | Geeta Dutt, Mukesh |
| "Teri Duniya Mein" | Mukesh |
| "Mohabbat Ke Maron Ka Haal Yeh Duniya Mein Hota Hai" | Mohammed Rafi, Asha Bhosle |
|

## InfoBox

| Bawre Nain | |
| --- | --- |
| Poster | |
| Directed by | Kidar Nath Sharma |
| Written by | Akhtar Mirza (story)
Kidar Nath Sharma (dialogue, screenplay) |
| Produced by | Kidar Nath Sharma |
| Starring | Raj Kapoor
Geeta Bali |
| Cinematography | * Machve Dada * Laxman Kapoor * T. N. Shah |
| Edited by | Prabhakar Gokhale |
| Music by | Roshan |
| Release date | * 1950 (1950) |
| Running time | 138 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |


title: People v. Beardsley

abstract: People v. Beardsley 150 Mich. 206, 113 N.W. 1128 (1907) is a well-known case that illustrates the parameters around the legal necessity of a duty to act, and the criminal liability of failure to act when there is an obligation to provide reasonable assistance. In Jones v. United States 308 F.2d 307, the categories falling under this legal duty were set forth. They include duties based on statute, duties based on contract, duties based on the voluntary assuming of responsibility as for the care of a child, and duties based on legal relationships, such as between parent and child or husband and a wife.

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# People v. Beardsley

***People v. Beardsley*** 150 Mich. 206, 113 N.W. 1128 (1907) is a well-known case that illustrates the parameters around the legal necessity of a duty to act, and the criminal liability of failure to act when there is an obligation to provide reasonable assistance. In *Jones v. United States* 308 F.2d 307 (D.C. Cir. 1962), the categories falling under this legal duty were set forth. They include duties based on statute, duties based on contract, duties based on the voluntary assuming of responsibility as for the care of a child, and duties based on legal relationships, such as between parent and child or husband and a wife.

## Circumstances

Carroll Beardsley, his wife being out of town, invited a woman, Blanche Burns, to spend the weekend with him in his living quarters. He had an ongoing relationship with Burns and had met with her previously. During this time together, the two of them drank fairly steadily. Without Beardsley's knowledge, Burns obtained some morphine tablets. Beardsley walked in while she was taking the morphine tablets. He slapped the box containing the tablets out of her hand and crushed several on the floor with his foot. Burns picked up and swallowed two of the tablets. Near the time of the expected return of his wife, Beardsley asked a friend to help him carry her to a room of a friend in the basement of Beardsley's house, even though she was in a stupor, and asked the friend to watch out for her and let her out the back way when she was ready, as he was too intoxicated to be of help. Burns died a few hours later.

Beardsley was tried for manslaughter for failure in his duty to act to provide reasonable care to Burns. The prosecutor argued that Beardsley at the time was Burns' natural guardian and had a clear duty to protect her. The defense argued that no such legal duty is created by a moral obligation. None of the categories of legal duty fit the case. The fact that Burns was a woman does not create that same legal duty as a husband has toward a wife or a parent to a child, as the prosecutor sought to infer. Nevertheless, Beardsley was convicted of manslaughter.

## Appeal

Beardsley appealed his conviction to the Supreme Court of Michigan and his conviction was reversed. The court found it "repugnant to our moral sense" that a duty would be created because Burns was a woman, as no such moral or legal duty would be implied if she had been a man.

> Had this been a case where two men under like circumstances had voluntarily gone on a debauch together and one had attempted suicide, no one would claim that this doctrine of legal duty could be invoked to hold the other criminally responsible for omitting to make effort to rescue his companion.
>
> Supreme Court of Michigan

## InfoBox

| People v. Beardsley | |
| --- | --- |
| Court | Michigan Supreme Court |
| Decided | December 10, 1907 (1907-12-10) |
| Citation | 150 Mich. 206, 113 N.W. 1128 (1907) |
| Court membership | |
| Judges sitting | Aaron V. McAlvay, Robert Morris Montgomery, Russell C. Ostrander, Frank A. Hooker, Joseph B. Moore |
| Case opinions | |
| Decision by | McAlvay |
| Keywords | |
|  | |


title: Penetration (band)

abstract: Penetration is a punk rock band from County Durham, England formed in 1976. They re-formed in 2001 with several new members. Their debut single, "Don't Dictate", is now acknowledged as a classic punk rock single and their debut album, Moving Targets (1978), is still widely admired.

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# Penetration (band)

**Penetration** is a punk rock band from County Durham, England formed in 1976. They re-formed in 2001 with several new members. Their debut single, "Don't Dictate", is now acknowledged as a classic punk rock single and their debut album, *Moving Targets* (1978), is still widely admired.

## Band history

The band's lineup was lead singer Pauline Murray, Robert Blamire (bass), Gary Smallman (drums) and Gary Chaplin (guitar). Chaplin left in March 1978 being replaced with Neale Floyd, with second guitarist Fred Purser (later of NWOBHM act Tygers of Pan Tang) joining in July. The band dissolved in late 1979. They reformed in 2001 with original members Murray, Blamire and Smallman, and Steve Wallace and Paul Harvey drafted in as new guitarists.

Formed in Ferryhill as The Points, under which name they played their first gig, at the Rock Garden pub in Middlesbrough in October 1976, they changed the band's name after a 1973 song by Iggy & The Stooges. Their second gig was supporting The Stranglers at Newcastle City Hall. Significantly, the band also played at the club The Roxy during its first 100 days. On 9 April 1977, the band appeared on the same bill as Generation X. They were also supported by Joy Division (then named "Warsaw") in May 1977, who were performing their very first gig. Early in their career, the band also supported The Vibrators and toured with Buzzcocks.

After the release of their second single, Penetration recorded the first of two sessions for John Peel at BBC Radio 1 in July 1978. Later that year, the band released their debut album. *Moving Targets* was number 6 in the *Sounds* Critics' albums of the year; and it made number 13 in the *NME* critics' chart.

In 1979, they toured Europe, the US and Britain but the grueling schedule began to take its toll. A disappointing reaction to *Coming Up For Air*, the second album, was the final nail in the coffin of the original band. After the band split in October an official bootleg album called *Race Against Time* was released, which was a collection of early demos and live tracks.

In 1980, Pauline Murray collaborated with The Invisible Girls, which also included Robert Blamire, as well as other Manchester musicians such as Vini Reilly, guitarist in The Durutti Column, and Steve Hopkins. John Maher from Buzzcocks drummed for the band. Produced by Martin Hannett, the resulting album spawned the singles "Dream Sequence" and "Mr.X", with a further non-album single "Searching for Heaven" released in 1981. Murray also provided guest vocals for The Only Ones' 1980 track, "Fools". Former guitarist Gary Chaplin formed the short-lived new wave bands The Rhythm Clicks, which released the single "Short Time" in 1980, and Soul On Ice which released the singles "Underwater" and "Widescreen" in 1982 and 1983 respectively.

Pauline Murray worked sporadically as a solo artist under the name 'Pauline Murray and The Storm' with Robert Blamire, Tim Johnston and Paul Harvey. Paul Harvey is also a Stuckist artist. Blamire also worked as a producer for various groups, including Scars, whose sole LP (1981's *Author! Author!*) he produced.

> A decidedly more "rawk" proposition than many of the three-chord trainee anarchists on the scene, Murray drawing inevitable comparisons with both Patti Smith and Siouxsie Sioux for her force of personality and the strength / style of her voice.

In 2015, Penetration announced the release of a new album called *Resolution* in October. The current line-up of the band is Pauline Murray, Robert Blamire, John Maher (ex-Buzzcocks), Paul Harvey and Steve Wallace.

## Discography

### Albums

* *Moving Targets* (October 1978: Virgin) First 15,000 copies on luminous vinyl No. 22 UK Albums Chart
* *Coming Up for Air* (September 1979: Virgin) No. 36 UK
* *Race Against Time* (Official bootleg) (January 1980: Virgin / Clifdayn PEN 1)
* *Resolution* (October 2015: Polestar)

### Compilation

* *Don't Dictate: The Best of Penetration* (March 1995: CDOVD 450)

### Singles

* "Don’t Dictate" / "Money Talks" (November 1977: VS 192) (re-released in 1983)
* "Firing Squad" / "Never" (May 1978: VS 213)
* "Life's a Gamble" / "V.I.P." (September 1978: VS 226)
* "Danger Signs" / "Stone Heroes (Live)" (April 1979: VS 257) (also released with an additional track "Vision", as a 12-inch single)
* "Come into the Open" / "Lifeline" (August 1979: VS 268)

## InfoBox

| Penetration | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Ferryhill, County Durham, England |
| Genres | Punk rock |
| Years active | * 1976–1980 * 2001–present |
| Labels | Virgin |
|  | |
| Members | Pauline Murray
Robert Blamire
Steve Wallace
Paul Harvey
John Maher
Ken Goodinson |
|  | |
| Past members | Gary Chaplin
Gary Smallman
Fred Purser
Neale Floyd
Graham Kaye
Billy Gilbert
Brian Atkinson
Kev Hodgson |
|  | |
| Website | penetrationband.com |


title: Diamond graph

abstract: In the mathematical field of graph theory, the diamond graph is a planar, undirected graph with 4 vertices and 5 edges. It consists of a complete graph  K 4  minus one edge. The diamond graph has radius 1, diameter 2, girth 3, chromatic number 3 and chromatic index 3. It is also a 2-vertex-connected and a 2-edge-connected, graceful, Hamiltonian graph.

text:
# Diamond graph

In the mathematical field of graph theory, the **diamond graph** is a planar, undirected graph with 4 vertices and 5 edges. It consists of a complete graph  $K\_{4}$ minus one edge.

The diamond graph has radius 1, diameter 2, girth 3, chromatic number 3 and chromatic index 3. It is also a 2-vertex-connected and a 2-edge-connected, graceful, Hamiltonian graph.

## Diamond-free graphs and forbidden minor

A graph is diamond-free if it has no diamond as an induced subgraph. The triangle-free graphs are diamond-free graphs, since every diamond contains a triangle. The diamond-free graphs are locally clustered: that is, they are the graphs in which every neighborhood is a cluster graph. Alternatively, a graph is diamond-free if and only if every pair of maximal cliques in the graph shares at most one vertex.

The family of graphs in which each connected component is a cactus graph is downwardly closed under graph minor operations. This graph family may be characterized by a single forbidden minor. This minor is the diamond graph.

If both the butterfly graph and the diamond graph are forbidden minors, the family of graphs obtained is the family of pseudoforests.

## Algebraic properties

The full automorphism group of the diamond graph is a group of order 4 isomorphic to the Klein four-group, the direct product of the cyclic group  $\mathbb {Z} /2\mathbb {Z} $ with itself.

The characteristic polynomial of the diamond graph is  $x(x+1)(x^{2}-x-4)$. It is the only graph with this characteristic polynomial, making it a graph determined by its spectrum.

## InfoBox

| Diamond graph | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Vertices | 4 |
| Edges | 5 |
| Radius | 1 |
| Diameter | 2 |
| Girth | 3 |
| Automorphisms | 4 (Klein four-group:  $\mathbb {Z} /2\mathbb {Z} \times \mathbb {Z} /2\mathbb {Z} )$ |
| Chromatic number | 3 |
| Chromatic index | 3 |
| Properties | Hamiltonian
Planar
Unit distance |
| Table of graphs and parameters | |


title: Dhaka Pop Culture Expo

abstract: Dhaka Pop Culture Expo was a convention for fans of comic books, film, TV, anime and video games, held in the Bangladeshi capital of Dhaka. The first event was held on Friday and Saturday 30–31 August 2013 at Baridhara DOHS Convention Center, Dhaka; it was attended by over 2,000 participants. The 2014 expo was staged 24–25 June 2014 at the National Shooting Federation Hall in Dhaka. The third edition took place 31 July and 1 August 2015. The expo returned in July 2016, and June 2017.

text:
# Dhaka Pop Culture Expo

**Dhaka Pop Culture Expo** was a convention for fans of comic books, film, TV, anime and video games, held in the Bangladeshi capital of Dhaka. The first event was held on Friday and Saturday 30–31 August 2013 at Baridhara DOHS Convention Center, Dhaka; it was attended by over 2,000 participants. The 2014 expo was staged 24–25 June 2014 at the National Shooting Federation Hall in Dhaka. The third edition took place 31 July and 1 August 2015. The expo returned in July 2016, and June 2017.

## Background

Comic-cons and pop expos are popular in the US, UK, Australia, and Japan.

Dhaka Comicon was first held in 2012. It was followed in 2013 by Dhaka Pop Culture Expo, and later that year by Unmad-JCC Comic Con.


title: Pentrebach

abstract: Pentrebach is a village in Merthyr Tydfil County Borough, Wales and is formed from the original settlements of Lower Pentrebach, Tai-bach and Duffryn. It lies on the east side of the River Taff opposite Abercanaid, south of Merthyr and north of Troedyrhiw. To the east of the village lies the Mynydd Cilfach-yr-Encil which rises up to 445 metres (1,460 ft). Pentrebach is part of the Plymouth electoral ward which covers Pentrebach, Abercanaid and Troedyrhiw. The village was founded at the time that John Guest built the Plymouth Ironworks in 1763. The name Guest became part of the Guest, Keen and Nettelfold company (GKN). In 1818 Anthony Hill took over ownership of the business. His House was later used as an old people's home, and today has been converted into a Brewers Fayre Restaurant with a Premier Inn attached. The original Merthyr Tramroad, built in 1802, ran alongside the site of the modern day village, on its way from penydarren to Abercynon, though very little of the village had been built at that time. A tunnel still exists, which can be visited on the Merthyr Road. Locomotives had to tip their chimneys while going through this tunnel due to the tunnel clearance. Pentrebach has its own railway station. This opened in 1886 on the standard gauge Taff Vale Railway which runs from Cardiff to Merthyr Tydfil alongside the River Taff. The original purpose of the railway was to carry iron ore to Cardiff Docks. In 1862, on the south side of the village, The South Duffryn Colliery was opened with two shafts which were 250 metres (820 ft) deep. At the height of the production there were some 1300 men employed there. An opencast mine was also located on the mountainside above the village. The Plymouth Ironworks closed in 1882 and the South Duffryn Colliery ceased production in 1940. After the war, new industries were attracted to the village. In 1945, the Kayser Bondor Factory opened making underwear, followed in 1948 by the establishment of the Hoover factory manufacturing washing machines. The factory later produced the Sinclair C5 battery-powered three-wheeler car. On Friday, 6 March 2009, Hoover confirmed that it was to cease production of washing machines and other laundry products at the factory. Linde set up a factory in the village on a site where the South Duffryn Colliery was located. This plant manufactured Forklift and at one time employed circa 500 people. The plant closed in 2013. but the site has since been taken over by U.S. defence contractor General Dynamics to produce armoured vehicles for the British Army. Pentrebach has two clubs: The Hills Plymouth Cricket Club, and the Pentrebach working men's club. Pentrebach also has a chapel, Jerusalem Chapel, Greenfield School and an Integrated Children's Centre. The mountain above Pentrebach has become popular with hang glider pilots in recent years.

text:
# Pentrebach

**Pentrebach** (Welsh pronunciation: \[ˌpɛntrɛˈbɑːχ\], sometimes written **Pentre-Bach**, literally: *small village*) is a village in Merthyr Tydfil County Borough, Wales and is formed from the original settlements of Lower Pentrebach, Tai-bach and Duffryn.

It lies on the east side of the River Taff opposite Abercanaid, south of Merthyr and north of Troedyrhiw. To the east of the village lies the Mynydd Cilfach-yr-Encil which rises up to 445 metres (1,460 ft).

Pentrebach is part of the Plymouth electoral ward which covers Pentrebach, Abercanaid and Troedyrhiw. The village was founded at the time that John Guest built the Plymouth Ironworks in 1763. The name Guest became part of the Guest, Keen and Nettelfold company (GKN). In 1818 Anthony Hill took over ownership of the business. His House was later used as an old people's home, and today has been converted into a Brewers Fayre Restaurant with a Premier Inn attached.

The original Merthyr Tramroad, built in 1802, ran alongside the site of the modern day village, on its way from penydarren to Abercynon, though very little of the village had been built at that time. A tunnel still exists, which can be visited on the Merthyr Road. Locomotives had to tip their chimneys while going through this tunnel due to the tunnel clearance.

Pentrebach has its own railway station. This opened in 1886 on the standard gauge Taff Vale Railway which runs from Cardiff to Merthyr Tydfil alongside the River Taff. The original purpose of the railway was to carry iron ore to Cardiff Docks.

In 1862, on the south side of the village, The South Duffryn Colliery was opened with two shafts which were 250 metres (820 ft) deep. At the height of the production there were some 1300 men employed there. An opencast mine was also located on the mountainside above the village.

The Plymouth Ironworks closed in 1882 and the South Duffryn Colliery ceased production in 1940.

After the war, new industries were attracted to the village. In 1945, the Kayser Bondor Factory opened making underwear, followed in 1948 by the establishment of the Hoover factory manufacturing washing machines. The factory later produced the Sinclair C5 battery-powered three-wheeler car. On Friday, 6 March 2009, Hoover confirmed that it was to cease production of washing machines and other laundry products at the factory. Linde set up a factory in the village on a site where the South Duffryn Colliery was located. This plant manufactured Forklift and at one time employed circa 500 people. The plant closed in 2013. but the site has since been taken over by U.S. defence contractor General Dynamics to produce armoured vehicles for the British Army.

Pentrebach has two clubs: The Hills Plymouth Cricket Club, and the Pentrebach working men's club. Pentrebach also has a chapel, Jerusalem Chapel, Greenfield School and an Integrated Children's Centre.

The mountain above Pentrebach has become popular with hang glider pilots in recent years.

## InfoBox

|  | |
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|  | |
| PentrebachLocation within Merthyr Tydfil | |
| Community |  |
| Principal area |  |
| Preserved county |  |
| Country | Wales |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Merthyr Tydfil |
| Postcode district | CF48 |
| Dialling code | 01443 |
|  | |
| Police | South Wales |
| Fire | South Wales |
| Ambulance | Welsh |
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| UK Parliament |  |
| Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament |  |
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title: Dhuseni Siwalaya

abstract: Dhuseni Siwalaya is a village development committee in Kabhrepalanchok District in Bagmati Province of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,049 and had 379 houses in it.

text:
# Dhuseni Siwalaya

**Dhuseni Siwalaya** is a village development committee in Kabhrepalanchok District in Bagmati Province of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,049 and had 379 houses in it.

1. "Nepal Census 2001". *Nepal's Village Development Committees*. Digital Himalaya. Archived from the original on 2008-10-12. Retrieved 2008-09-01.

## InfoBox

| Dhuseni Siwalaya धुसेनी शिवालय | |
| --- | --- |
| Village development committee | |
| Dhuseni SiwalayaLocation in Nepal | |
| Coordinates: 27°35′N 85°48′E / 27.59°N 85.80°E / 27.59; 85.80 | |
| Country | Nepal |
| Province | Bagmati Province |
| District | Kabhrepalanchok District |
| Population (1991) | |
| Total | 2,049 |
| Time zone | UTC+5:45 (Nepal Time) |


title: Perichelydia

abstract: Perichelydia is a clade within Pantestudines known from the Middle Jurassic to Holocene. Alongside crown group Testudines, it also contains Helochelydridae, which is known from the Cretaceous of Europe and North America, Sichuanchelyidae from the Middle Jurassic to Paleocene of Asia and Europe, Meiolaniformes, which is known from the Cretaceous to Holocene of South America, Australia and Oceania, and Spoochelys, known from the Mid-Cretaceous Griman Creek Formation of Australia. Kallokibotion from the Late Cretaceous of Europe is also considered part of this group. Several other groups, including the proposed clade Angolachelonia, Paracryptodira, Macrobaenidae, Sinemydidae and Xinjiangchelyidae, which are sometimes considered members of Cryptodira, have also been found outside crown Testudines in several analyses. These groups are usually considered to be closer to the crown group than the other members of Perichelydia. The clade Perichelydia was created by W. G. Joyce in 2017. They are distinguished from other mesochelydians by two characters: the presence of processus trochlearis oticum, and a closed interpterygoid vacuity.

text:
# Perichelydia

**Perichelydia** (from Greek *peri* "near" and *chelys* "turtle") is a clade within Pantestudines (turtles and their extinct relatives) known from the Middle Jurassic to Holocene. Alongside crown group Testudines, it also contains Helochelydridae, which is known from the Cretaceous of Europe and North America, Sichuanchelyidae from the Middle Jurassic to Paleocene of Asia and Europe, Meiolaniformes, which is known from the Cretaceous to Holocene of South America, Australia and Oceania, and *Spoochelys*, known from the Mid-Cretaceous Griman Creek Formation of Australia. *Kallokibotion* from the Late Cretaceous of Europe is also considered part of this group. Several other groups, including the proposed clade Angolachelonia (containing Thalassochelydia and Sandownidae), Paracryptodira, Macrobaenidae, Sinemydidae and Xinjiangchelyidae, which are sometimes considered members of Cryptodira, have also been found outside crown Testudines in several analyses. These groups are usually considered to be closer to the crown group than the other members of Perichelydia.

The clade Perichelydia was created by W. G. Joyce in 2017. They are distinguished from other mesochelydians by two characters: the presence of *processus trochlearis oticum*, and a closed *interpterygoid vacuity*.

## InfoBox

| Perichelydia
Temporal range: | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Meiolania* | |
|  | |
| *Helochelydra* skull | |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| *Clade*: | Pantestudines |
| *Clade*: | Testudinata |
| *Clade*: | Mesochelydia |
| *Clade*: | Perichelydia
Joyce, 2017 |
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| Subgroupings | |
|  | |