title: 1984 USFL territorial draft

text:
# 1984 USFL territorial draft

The 1984 USFL territorial draft was the second territorial draft of the United States Football League (USFL). It took place on January 4, 1984, at the Roosevelt Hotel in New York. It included six new expansion teams.

## Player selections

|  | = All-Star |
| --- | --- |
|  | = USFL MVP |

| USFL team | Player | Position | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Arizona Wranglers | Brad Anderson | WR | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Leo Barker | LB | New Mexico State |
| Arizona Wranglers | Chris Brewer | RB | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Mike Cade | RB | Arizona State |
| Arizona Wranglers | Jimmie Carter | LB | New Mexico |
| Arizona Wranglers | Marsharne Graves | T | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Todd Hons | QB | Arizona State |
| Arizona Wranglers | Ricky Hunley | LB | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | John Kaiser | LB | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Don Kern | TE | Arizona State |
| Arizona Wranglers | James Keyton | T | Arizona State |
| Arizona Wranglers | Pete Mandley | WR | Northern Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Byron Nelson | T | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Sandy Osiecki | QB | Arizona State |
| Arizona Wranglers | Randy Robbins | DB | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Brad Rowland | DE | Northern Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Tom Tunnicliffe | QB | Arizona |
| Arizona Wranglers | Mike White | T | Arizona State |
| Arizona Wranglers | Dwaine Wright | RB | Arizona State |
| Arizona Wranglers | Fredd Young | LB | New Mexico State |
| Birmingham Stallions | Pat Arrington | OT | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Dowe Aughtman | NG | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Zach Barnes | DT | Alabama State |
| Birmingham Stallions | Jesse Bendross | WR | Alabama |
| Birmingham Stallions | Chuck Clanton | DB | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Randy Edwards | DT | Alabama |
| Birmingham Stallions | Joe Hall | DB | Mississippi |
| Birmingham Stallions | Donnie Humphrey | DT | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Lionel James | RB | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Joey Jones | WR | Alabama |
| Birmingham Stallions | David Jordan | T | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Walter Lewis | QB | Alabama |
| Birmingham Stallions | Buford McGee | RB | Mississippi |
| Birmingham Stallions | Malcolm Simmons | P | Alabama |
| Birmingham Stallions | Doug Smith | DT | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Andre Townsend | DT | Mississippi |
| Birmingham Stallions | Ed West | TE | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Quency Williams | DE | Auburn |
| Birmingham Stallions | Chris Woods | WR | Auburn |
| Chicago Blitz | Carl Aikens Jr. | WR | Northern Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Greg Bell | RB | Notre Dame |
| Chicago Blitz | Dwight Beverly | RB | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Scott Bolzan | T | Northern Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Ed Brady | LB | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Tim Brewster | TE | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Mitchell Brookins | WR | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Chris Brown | DB | Notre Dame |
| Chicago Blitz | Mark Butkus | LB | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Archie Carter | LB | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Ricky Edwards | RB | Northwestern |
| Chicago Blitz | Clint Haynes | LB | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Mike Johnson | DE | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | John Kidd | P | Northwestern |
| Chicago Blitz | Blair Kiel | QB | Notre Dame |
| Chicago Blitz | Neil Maune | G | Notre Dame |
| Chicago Blitz | Mike Shiner | T | Notre Dame |
| Chicago Blitz | Don Thorp | DT | Illinois |
| Chicago Blitz | Stacey Toran | DB | Notre Dame |
| Chicago Blitz | Tim Tyrrell | QB | Northern Illinois |
| Denver Gold | Sandy Armstrong | LB | Colorado |
| Denver Gold | Adrian Baker | RB | West Texas A&M |
| Denver Gold | Kevin Call | T | Colorado State |
| Denver Gold | Jeff Champine | WR | Colorado State |
| Denver Gold | Curt Cole | TE | Texas Tech |
| Denver Gold | Stan David | DB | Texas Tech |
| Denver Gold | Jeff Donaldson | DB | Colorado |
| Denver Gold | Jeff Harper | LB | Colorado State |
| Denver Gold | Leonard Harris | WR | Texas Tech |
| Denver Gold | Dave Hestera | TE | Colorado |
| Denver Gold | Norman Hill | LB | Texas Tech |
| Denver Gold | Terry Irvin | LB | Colorado |
| Denver Gold | Chris Kolodziejski | TE | Wyoming |
| Denver Gold | Terry Nugent | QB | Colorado State |
| Denver Gold | Vince Rafferty | DE | Colorado |
| Denver Gold | Joe Ramunno | G | Wyoming |
| Denver Gold | Billy Record | WR | West Texas A&M |
| Denver Gold | Clyde Riggins | DB | Colorado |
| Denver Gold | Victor Scott | DB | Colorado |
| Denver Gold | Jack Weil | P | Wyoming |
| Houston Gamblers | Fred Acorn | DB | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Mark Adickes | T | Baylor |
| Houston Gamblers | Mike Buchannan | DE | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Jerry Bullitt | LB | Texas A&M |
| Houston Gamblers | Rod Clark | DE | Texas State |
| Houston Gamblers | Mike Dunn | DB | Texas State |
| Houston Gamblers | Jeff Fuller | LB | Texas A&M |
| Houston Gamblers | Keith Guthrie | DT | Texas A&M |
| Houston Gamblers | Van Hughes | DT | Texas State |
| Houston Gamblers | Boyd Jones | T | Texas Southern |
| Houston Gamblers | David Jones | C | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Don Jones | WR | Texas A&M |
| Houston Gamblers | Loyd Lewis | DE | Texas A&M-Kingsville |
| Houston Gamblers | Eugene Lockhart | LB | Houston |
| Houston Gamblers | Rick McIvor | QB | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Bobby Micho | TE | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Ken Peters | TE | Houston |
| Houston Gamblers | Allen Rice | RB | Baylor |
| Houston Gamblers | Dave Roberson | WR | Houston |
| Houston Gamblers | Tommy Robison | T | Texas A&M |
| Houston Gamblers | Mike Ruether | C | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Ricky Sanders | WR | Texas State |
| Houston Gamblers | Adam Schreiber | G | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Adrian Simpson | DB | Texas State |
| Houston Gamblers | Casey Smith | T | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | John Walker | RB | Texas |
| Houston Gamblers | Dale Walters | P | Rice |
| Houston Gamblers | Jimmie Williams | WR | Texas A&M |
| Houston Gamblers | Lionel Wilson | QB | Houston |
| Houston Gamblers | Ray Woodard | DT | Texas |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Ben Bennett | QB | Duke |
| Jacksonville Bulls | James Brown | G | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Nat Brown | DB | North Carolina State |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Neal Cambridge | WR | Morris Brown |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Ronny Cone | RB | Georgia Tech |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Charlie Dean | DB | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Phil Ebinger | C | Duke |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Michael Flagg | DE | Morris Brown |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Chet Gee | DB | Duke |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Freddie Gilbert | DE | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Warren Gray | G | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Derek Gwinn | G | Georgia Tech |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Jimmy Harper | T | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Andy Hendel | LB | North Carolina State |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Terry Hoage | DB | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Winford Hood | T | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Vaughan Johnson | LB | North Carolina State |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Daryll Jones | DB | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Clarence Kay | TE | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Jerome Ley | DT | Duke |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Kelly Lowrey | QB | Florida State |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Guy McIntyre | T | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Ron Rice | K | Georgia Tech |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Melvin Simmons | RB | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Greg Steele | G | North Carolina State |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Weegie Thompson | WR | Florida State |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Tommy Thurson | LB | Georgia |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Jack Westbrook | DB | Georgia Tech |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Ken Whisenhunt | TE | Georgia Tech |
| Jacksonville Bulls | Felix Williams | WR | Morris Brown |
| Los Angeles Express | Tony Brewer | DB | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | Jeff Brown | LB | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | Keith Browner | LB | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | Fred Cornwell | TE | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | Todd Dillon | QB | Long Beach State |
| Los Angeles Express | Michael Harper | RB | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | David Howard | LB | Long Beach State |
| Los Angeles Express | Lionel Manuel | WR | Pacific |
| Los Angeles Express | Lee Miller | DB | Fullerton State |
| Los Angeles Express | Lenny Montgomery | RB | Long Beach State |
| Los Angeles Express | Malcolm Moore | WR | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | John Puzar | C | Long Beach State |
| Los Angeles Express | Ken Ruettgers | T | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | Rich Sanchez | RB | California Lutheran |
| Los Angeles Express | Tony Slaton | C | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | Cary Smith | T | Pacific |
| Los Angeles Express | Todd Spencer | RB | Southern California |
| Los Angeles Express | Chuck Walker | TE | California Lutheran |
| Los Angeles Express | Kirby Warren | RB | Pacific |
| Los Angeles Express | Tom Wilkes | DT | California Lutheran |
| Memphis Showboats | Steve Bearden | DE | Vanderbilt |
| Memphis Showboats | John Bond | QB | Mississippi State |
| Memphis Showboats | Chuck Coleman | RB | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Leonard Coleman | DB | Vanderbilt |
| Memphis Showboats | Derrick Crawford | WR | Memphis |
| Memphis Showboats | Clyde Duncan | WR | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Leon Floyd | WR | Tennessee State |
| Memphis Showboats | Mike Furnas | G | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Smokey Jordan | WR | Memphis |
| Memphis Showboats | Steve Knight | T | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | John Matthews | T | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Greg Montgomery | DT | Memphis |
| Memphis Showboats | Randall Morris | RB | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Percy Nabors | DB | Memphis |
| Memphis Showboats | Darrell Nelson | TE | Memphis |
| Memphis Showboats | Robert O'Connor | LB | Vanderbilt |
| Memphis Showboats | Russell Phillips | T | Tennessee State |
| Memphis Showboats | Phil Roach | WR | Vanderbilt |
| Memphis Showboats | Ken Sample | G | Vanderbilt |
| Memphis Showboats | David Scandrett | LB | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Curt Singer | T | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Glenn Streno | C | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Mark Studaway | DE | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Golden Tate | WR | Tennessee State |
| Memphis Showboats | Lenny Taylor | WR | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | William Thomas | DB | Vanderbilt |
| Memphis Showboats | Willie Twyford | DT | Vanderbilt |
| Memphis Showboats | Stan Weaver | P | Memphis |
| Memphis Showboats | Reggie White | DE | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Johnny Williams | DT | Tennessee |
| Memphis Showboats | Cedric Wright | QB | Memphis |
| Michigan Panthers | Scott Auer | T | Michigan State |
| Michigan Panthers | Carl Banks | LB | Michigan State |
| Michigan Panthers | Vince Bean | WR | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Mike Boren | LB | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Don Bracken | P | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Richard Calhoun | RB | Eastern Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Milt Carthens | TE | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Evan Cooper | DB | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Darryl Dixon | DB | Michigan State |
| Michigan Panthers | Tom Dixon | C | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Shawn Faulkner | RB | Western Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Nate Hannah | DB | Michigan State |
| Michigan Panthers | Tom Hassel | LB | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Stefan Humphries | G | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Demetrius Jones | DB | Western Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | John Lott | DB | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Rod Lyles | LB | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | David Marshall | LB | Eastern Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Steve Smith | QB | Michigan |
| Michigan Panthers | Daryl Turner | WR | Michigan State |
| New Jersey Generals | Vaughn Broadnax | RB | Ohio State |
| New Jersey Generals | Joe Dooley | C | Ohio State |
| New Jersey Generals | Rich Erenberg | RB | Colgate |
| New Jersey Generals | Carl Howard | DB | Rutgers |
| New Jersey Generals | Cookie Jackson | DB | Mississippi State |
| New Jersey Generals | Kenny Johnson | DB | Mississippi State |
| New Jersey Generals | Bernard King | LB | Syracuse |
| New Jersey Generals | Danny Knight | WR | Mississippi State |
| New Jersey Generals | Garcia Lane | DB | Ohio State |
| New Jersey Generals | Orlando Lowry | LB | Ohio State |
| New Jersey Generals | Mike Morini | T | Colgate |
| New Jersey Generals | Marty Murphy | DE | Colgate |
| New Jersey Generals | William Roberts | T | Ohio State |
| New Jersey Generals | Rowland Tatum | LB | Ohio State |
| New Jersey Generals | Blaise Winter | DE | Syracuse |
| New Jersey Generals | George Wonsley | RB | Mississippi State |
| New Jersey Generals | Brent Ziegler | RB | Syracuse |
| New Orleans Breakers | Jearld Baylis | LB | Southern Mississippi |
| New Orleans Breakers | Clint Berry | T | Louisiana State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Jim Boyle | T | Tulane |
| New Orleans Breakers | Bud Brown | DB | Southern Mississippi |
| New Orleans Breakers | Garrett Chase | DB | Grambling State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Alex Clark | DB | Louisiana State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Eugene Daniel | DB | Louisiana State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Jon English | QB | Tulane |
| New Orleans Breakers | Tony Good | RB | Southern University |
| New Orleans Breakers | Robert Griffin | WR | Tulane |
| New Orleans Breakers | Glen Howe | T | Southern Mississippi |
| New Orleans Breakers | Rydell Malancon | LB | Louisiana State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Bruce Miller | DB | Southern Mississippi |
| New Orleans Breakers | Mitch Montgomery | TE | Grambling State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Ed Scott | DB | Grambling State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Robert Smith | DE | Grambling State |
| New Orleans Breakers | Clemon Terrell | RB | Southern Mississippi |
| New Orleans Breakers | Elton Veals | RB | Tulane |
| New Orleans Breakers | Clint Wenzel | DE | Tulane |
| New Orleans Breakers | Stephen Wilson | G | Southern University |
| Oakland Invaders | Kevin Baird | DB | Stanford |
| Oakland Invaders | Dale Barthel | LB | Cal Poly (San Luis Obispo) |
| Oakland Invaders | Steve Brown | WR | Stanford |
| Oakland Invaders | Jim Clymer | TE | Stanford |
| Oakland Invaders | Sherman Cocroft | DB | San Jose State |
| Oakland Invaders | Jeff Deaton | T | Stanford |
| Oakland Invaders | Clyde Glover | DT | Fresno State |
| Oakland Invaders | Bobby Johnson | RB | San Jose State |
| Oakland Invaders | David Lewis | TE | California |
| Oakland Invaders | Greg Loberg | T | California |
| Oakland Invaders | Randy Pratt | K | California |
| Oakland Invaders | Henry Ramelli | T | San Jose State |
| Oakland Invaders | Eric Richardson | WR | San Jose State |
| Oakland Invaders | Ron Rivera | LB | California |
| Oakland Invaders | Byron Smith | DT | California |
| Oakland Invaders | Carl Sullivan | DE | San Jose State |
| Oakland Invaders | John Sullivan | DB | California |
| Oakland Invaders | Gene Underwood | DB | Cal Poly (San Luis Obispo) |
| Oakland Invaders | Clemont Williams | DB | California |
| Oakland Invaders | Vaughn Williams | DB | Stanford |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Cliff Abbott | LB | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Ernie Anderson | RB | Oklahoma State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Tom Baldwin | DT | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Steve Ballard | DE | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Tom Benson | LB | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Rick Bryan | DT | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Scott Case | DB | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | John Chesley | TE | Oklahoma State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Dewayne Downing | WR | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Dwight Drane | DB | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | James Dunlap | LB | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Reuben Eckels | WR | Wichita State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Keith Estes | WR | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Rod Fisher | DB | Oklahoma State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Jumpy Geathers | DT | Wichita State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Daryl Goodlow | LB | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | John Green | WR | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Larry Green | TE | Langston |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Michael Gunter | RB | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | David Hersey | TE | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Elwyn Holt | LB | Wichita State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Anthony Jones | TE | Wichita State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Paul Parker | G | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Chris Rockins | DB | Oklahoma State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Jackie Shipp | LB | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Bob Slater | DT | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | James Spencer | LB | Oklahoma State |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | John Truitt | DE | Oklahoma |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Brett White | RB | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma Outlaws | Billy Wilson | DB | Wichita State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Tyrone Anthony | RB | North Carolina |
| Philadelphia Stars | Kevin Baugh | WR | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Todd Blackledge | QB | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Brian Blados | T | North Carolina |
| Philadelphia Stars | Joe Conwell | T | North Carolina |
| Philadelphia Stars | William Fuller | DE | North Carolina |
| Philadelphia Stars | Greg Gattuso | DT | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Harry Hamilton | DB | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Ron Heller | T | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Kenny Jackson | WR | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Tom Kilkenny | LB | Temple |
| Philadelphia Stars | Scott Radecic | LB | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | George Reynolds | P | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Tim Riordan | QB | Temple |
| Philadelphia Stars | Mark Robinson | DB | Penn State |
| Philadelphia Stars | Kevin Ross | DB | Temple |
| Philadelphia Stars | John Shigo | LB | Lehigh |
| Philadelphia Stars | Mark Smith | WR | North Carolina |
| Philadelphia Stars | Scott Stankavage | QB | North Carolina |
| Philadelphia Stars | Jon Williams | RB | Penn State |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Tim Agee | DB | West Virginia |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Duane Barnes | G | West Virginia |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Dwight Collins | WR | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Mike Dahl | G | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Tom Flynn | DB | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | John Frank | TE | Ohio State |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Steve Hathaway | LB | West Virginia |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Troy Hill | DB | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Rich Hollins | WR | West Virginia |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Jeff Hostetler | QB | West Virginia |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Mike Johnson | LB | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Vince Johnson | G | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Ben Lawrence | T | Indiana (PA) |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Bill Maas | DT | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Tony Magnelli | C | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | David Marvel | LB | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Joe McCall | RB | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Jim Merritts | DT | West Virginia |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Kenny Moore | DB | Indiana (PA) |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Steve Newberry | DB | West Virginia} |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Dave Oblak | DT | West Virginia |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Kevin Owens | T | Kutztown |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Tony Paige | RB | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | James Patterson | DE | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | James Robinson | LB | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Eric Schubert | K | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Mike Shaw | TE | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Alonzo Smith | TE | Virginia Tech |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Jim Sweeney | C | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Ray Weatherspoon | DB | Pittsburgh |
| Pittsburgh Maulers | Al Wenglikowski | LB | Pittsburgh |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Alfred Anderson | RB | Baylor |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Ricky Askew | TE | Rice |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Mossy Cade | DB | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Billy Cannon Jr. | LB | Texas A&M |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Craig Curry | DB | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Bruce Davis | WR | Baylor |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Preston Davis | DB | Baylor |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Doug Dawson | G | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Robert Durham | LB | Houston |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Jitter Fields | DB | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Cyril Friday | LB | Texas State |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | John Haines | DT | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Eric Holle | DE | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Mark Johnson | G | Baylor |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Donald Jordan | RB | Houston |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Mark Lang | LB | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Jeff Leiding | LB | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Duane Losack | T | Houston |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Dwayne Love | RB | Houston |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Mike Luck | RB | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Kirk McJunkin | G | Texas |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Gerald McNeil | WR | Baylor |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Mark Miller | LB | Texas A&M-Kingsville |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Eddie O’Brien | RB | Angelo State |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Jeff Paine | LB | Texas A&M |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Joel Rios | DT | Rice |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Tim Staskus | LB | Texas State |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Karl Watson | LB | Texas Southern |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Scott Wedell | K | Texas-El Paso |
| San Antonio Gunslingers | Ed Williams | DE | Texas |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Ray Alexander | WR | Florida A&M |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | John Benson | LB | Florida A&M |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | John Bostic | DB | Bethune-Cookman |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Rufus Brown | T | Florida A&M |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Alphonso Carreker | DT | Florida State |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Randy Clark | DB | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Dwayne Dixon | WR | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Dewey Forte | DT | Bethune-Cookman |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Mike Grayson | RB | Duke |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Roy Harris | DT | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | John Hunt | OG | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Tony Lilly | DB | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Wilber Marshall | LB | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Fred McCallister | LB | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Mark Militello | WR | Duke |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Wilford Morgan | TE | Bethune-Cookman |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Wayne Peace | QB | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Reggie Sandilands | WR | Bethune-Cookman |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Bruce Vaughan | DB | Florida |
| Tampa Bay Bandits | Lee Williams | DT | Bethune-Cookman |
| Washington Federals | Shawn Benson | G | Maryland |
| Washington Federals | Dom Blasingame | TE | South Carolina |
| Washington Federals | Ray Brown | DE | Clemson |
| Washington Federals | Dave D'Addio | RB | Maryland |
| Washington Federals | Boomer Esiason | QB | Maryland |
| Washington Federals | James Farr | G | Clemson |
| Washington Federals | J.D. Fuller | LB | South Carolina |
| Washington Federals | Rickey Hagood | DT | South Carolina |
| Washington Federals | Willie Joyner | RB | Maryland |
| Washington Federals | Pete Koch | DE | Maryland |
| Washington Federals | Howard Lewis | DB | Virginia |
| Washington Federals | Kevin Mack | RB | Clemson |
| Washington Federals | Rod McSwain | DB | Clemson |
| Washington Federals | Edgar Pickett | DE | Clemson |
| Washington Federals | James Robinson | DT | Clemson |
| Washington Federals | Rusty Russell | OT | South Carolina |
| Washington Federals | Jim Scott | DT | Clemson |
| Washington Federals | Ron Solt | G | Maryland |
| Washington Federals | Harry Venezia | T | Maryland |
| Washington Federals | Quentin Walker | WR | Virginia |

## InfoBox

| 1984 USFL territorial draft | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Date(s) | January 4, 1984 |
| Location | The Roosevelt Hotel, New York |
| Overview | |
| League | USFL |
|  | |


title: Kajjik

abstract: The kajjik or kajjikk is a traditional fishing boat from Malta. It developed in the 17th century from caïques which were used elsewhere in the Mediterranean. In the past, kajjikki were equipped with sails and oars, but today the fishing boats are powered by inboard motors. Variants of the boat participate in the rowing regattas held twice every year.

text:
# Kajjik

The ***kajjik*** or ***kajjikk*** is a traditional fishing boat from Malta. It developed in the 17th century from caïques which were used elsewhere in the Mediterranean. In the past, *kajjikki* were equipped with sails and oars, but today the fishing boats are powered by inboard motors. Variants of the boat participate in the rowing regattas held twice every year.

## History

The *kajjik* developed in the 17th century from the caïques which accompanied galleys of the navy of the Order of Saint John. The boats were usually used as fishing boats, but some were also used to carry passengers.

Variants of the *kajjik* included the *kajjik tal-kopp* and the *kajjik tal-lampara*. The latter had a light source attached to the bow which allowed fishing at night. Another variant was the *kajjik tal-gangmu*, which had a low bow and a short forestem originally intended for fishing for seashells. This was also used to recover coal which had fallen to the seabed while being loaded onto ships in the Grand Harbour.

From about 1920, inboard motors were installed on some *kajjikki* which were used for fishing. Today, the boats are no longer being built and they are on the decline. However, many examples still exist and remain in use as fishing boats, particularly at St. Paul's Bay and Marsaxlokk.

## Description

The *kajjik* bears similarities to the *dgħajsa tal-pass*, but it is of stronger construction and it has a flat stern. The boats were originally equipped with both oars and sails. They would have a single mast rigged with a spritsail. Today they are propelled by engines.

## Regatta variants

Variants of the *kajjik* are commonly used in the rowing regattas held in the Grand Harbour on 31 March and 8 September each year. They have been participating in the September regatta since 1822. Initially, *kajjikki tal-kopp* were used in the races, but purpose-built versions of the boats were introduced later.

The *kajjik* used in the modern regatta has two oars, and it is manned by a crew of two, one standing and one seated. It is 4.11 metres (13.5 ft) long, has a beam of 1.42 metres (4 ft 8 in) and a depth of 0.53 metres (1 ft 9 in).

Variants of other traditional boats, the *dgħajsa* and *frejgatina*, also compete in the regatta.


title: Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly

abstract: Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly The Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly is the prefectural parliament of Kagoshima Prefecture.

text:
# Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly

The **Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly** (鹿児島県議会, *Kagoshima-ken Gikai*) is the prefectural parliament of Kagoshima Prefecture.

## Members

*As of 31 October 2019* Source:

| Constituency | Members | Party |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kagoshima City and District | Hidemi Anraku | Kenmin Rengō |
| Kagoshima City and District | Takeshi Fujisaki | LDP |
| Kagoshima City and District | Nobusuke Fukushiyama | Kenmin Rengō |
| Kagoshima City and District | Yoshiharu Hōrai | LDP |
| Kagoshima City and District | Satoko Iwashige | Unaffiliated |
| Kagoshima City and District | Tsutomu Kuwadzuru | LDP |
| Kagoshima City and District | Hirotaka Matsuda | Komeito Kagoshima Kengidan |
| Kagoshima City and District | Akio Mori | Komeito Kagoshima Kengidan |
| Kagoshima City and District | Nobuharu Naruo | Komeito Kagoshima Kengidan |
| Kagoshima City and District | Yasuhide Osada | LDP |
| Kagoshima City and District | Kiyonobu Ōzono | LDP |
| Kagoshima City and District | Teppei Shibatate | LDP |
| Kagoshima City and District | Takao Shimodzuru | Unaffiliated |
| Kagoshima City and District | Yukio Taira | JCP Kengidan |
| Kagoshima City and District | Yōichi Terada | LDP |
| Kagoshima City and District | Sadashige Ueyama | Kenmin Rengō |
| Kagoshima City and District | Seiko Yanagi | Kenmin Rengō |
| Kanoya City and Tarumizu City | Takuo Gōhara | LDP |
| Kanoya City and Tarumizu City | Yoshihira Horinouchi | LDP |
| Kanoya City and Tarumizu City | Yoshiharu Maeno | Kenmin Rengō |
| Kanoya City and Tarumizu City | Hirofumi Ōkubo | LDP |
| Makurazaki City | Kyō Nishimura | LDP |
| Akune City and Izumi District | Motoko Nakamura | LDP |
| Izumi City | Kōki Itō | LDP |
| Izumi City | Kōtarō Obata | LDP |
| Ibusuki City | Shigeyoshi Kozono | LDP |
| Nishinoomote City and Kumage District | Shigeru Hidaka | LDP |
| Nishinoomote City and Kumage District | Yasuhiro Matsuzato | LDP |
| Satsumasendai City | Katsuzō Hokazono | LDP |
| Satsumasendai City | Ryōji Tanaka | LDP |
| Satsumasendai City | Haruhiko Tōjima | Kenmin Rengō |
| Hioki City | Kiyotake Higashi | Unaffiliated |
| Hioki City | Yasushi Maehara | LDP |
| Soo City | Saburō Setoguchi | LDP |
| Kirishima City and Aira District | Masato Nakamura | LDP |
| Kirishima City and Aira District | Kōzō Tanoue | LDP |
| Kirishima City and Aira District | Akito Tsurumaru | LDP |
| Kirishima City and Aira District | Kuniharu Yamada | LDP |
| Ichikikushikino City | Atsuhiro Yoshidome | LDP |
| Minamisatsuma City | Yutaka Shonoda | LDP |
| Shibushi City and Soo District | Satoru Nishitaka | LDP |
| Amami City | Toshio Mukai | LDP |
| Amami City | Akiyoshi Nagai | LDP |
| Minamikyūshū City | Kōichirō Tabata | LDP |
| Isa City | Ken’ichi Ikehata | LDP |
| Aira City | Takurō Sakō | LDP |
| Aira City | Makiko Yonemaru | LDP |
| Satsuma District | Makoto Shiraishi | LDP |
| Kimotsuki District | Shirō Tsuruta | LDP |
| Ōshima District | Shin’ichirō Kiku | LDP |
| Ōshima District | Hajime Kotobuki | LDP |


title: Robert Rowe

abstract: Robert C. Rowe is a former attorney and former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He was disbarred by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court on April 6, 1989 and was soon thereafter convicted of multiple counts of Forgery, Theft, Misappropriation of Entrusted Funds and Bad Checks.

text:
# Robert Rowe

**Robert C. Rowe** (born July 15, 1938) is a former attorney and former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He was disbarred by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court on April 6, 1989 and was soon thereafter convicted of multiple counts of Forgery, Theft, Misappropriation of Entrusted Funds and Bad Checks.

## InfoBox

| Robert C. Rowe | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
from the 102nd district | |
| **In office**
1971–1974 | |
| Preceded by | Harvey Nitrauer |
| Succeeded by | Nicholas Moehlmann |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1938-07-15) July 15, 1938
Lebanon, Pennsylvania |
| Political party | Republican |
|  | |


title: Robert Rowland Smith

abstract: Robert Rowland Smith is a British author and philosopher. His books include Derrida and Autobiography, Breakfast with Socrates: The Philosophy of Everyday Life, and AutoBioPhilosophy: An Intimate Story of What It Means to Be Human. He is a regular speaker at public and private events, addressing a wide range of topics that includes philosophy, psychology, politics, and art..

text:
# Robert Rowland Smith

**Robert Rowland Smith** is a British author and philosopher. His books include *Derrida and Autobiography* (Cambridge University Press, 1995), *Breakfast with Socrates: The Philosophy of Everyday Life* (Profile Books, 2009), and *AutoBioPhilosophy: An Intimate Story of What It Means to Be Human* (4th Estate, 2018). He is a regular speaker at public and private events, addressing a wide range of topics that includes philosophy, psychology, politics, and art. .

## Biography

Smith was born on 21, 1965. From 1975 to 1983, he attended Dulwich College in south London. He read English Language and Literature at Mansfield College, Oxford, where he was a Scholar, graduating in 1988 with a top First. From 1988 to 1990 Smith was a doctoral student at Wolfson College, Oxford, specialising in the work of French philosopher Jacques Derrida. In 1990 ,he was elected to a Fellowship by Examination ('Prize Fellowship') at All Souls College, Oxford. He was awarded a D.Phil. in 1991. While a Fellow of All Souls, Smith also held lectureships at both Mansfield College, Oxford and Hertford College, Oxford, and was a member of the English Faculty, lecturing on literary theory, modern poetry, and Shakespeare.

Smith left Oxford in 1998 to pursue a career in management consultancy, becoming a partner in a London-based firm in 2004. In 2009, Smith set up a company of his own in order to operate independently. He continues to be a Quondam Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford.

Smith has sat on the board of the Tavistock Institute of Medical Psychology and of the Institute of Art and Ideas. He is a founding faculty member of The School of Life, and from 2013 to 2015 was a faculty member of the London Graduate School based at Kingston University. In 2017 he stepped down from the editorial board of *Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities*, an academic publication that he helped to found in 1993.

## Literary career

### Books

Robert Rowland Smith is the author of seven books. Three of these are academic. *Derrida and Autobiography* (Cambridge University Press, 1995) was based on Smith's doctoral thesis, and won a Choice award for 'Outstanding Academic Title'. *Death-Drive: Freudian Hauntings in Literature and Art* (Edinburgh University Press, 2010) is an examination of Freud's metapsychological works in relation to other theorists of death including Heidegger, Durkheim and Pascal. *On Modern Poetry: From Theory to Total Criticism* (Continuum, 2012) also won a Choice award for 'Outstanding Academic Title'. The first part of the book examines theories of poetry; the second part is made up of close textual analysis of certain nineteenth and twentieth century poems.

Smith has written two works of popular philosophy: *Breakfast with Socrates: The Philosophy of Everyday Life* (Profile Books, 2009) and *Driving with Plato: The Meaning of Life's Milestones* (Profile Books, 2011). The former has been translated into twenty languages.

*The Reality Test: Still Relying on Strategy?* (Profile Books, 2014) draws on Smith's experience as a business adviser. It poses and seeks to answer forty-eight questions relating to business vision, market strategy, organisational performance, and leadership.

Smith's most recent book is *AutoBioPhilosophy: An Intimate Story of What It Means to Be Human* (4th Estate, 2018). The book combines the genres of autobiography and philosophy in order to explore themes such as fate, love, spirituality, death, friendship, and creativity.

In addition, Smith wrote the text for an art book by Israeli photographer Ori Gersht, entitled *Gersht's Ghosts* (Photoworks, 2012). He also contributed a foreword to the 2015 design publication, *Patternity: A New Way of Seeing: The Inspirational Power of Pattern* (Octopus, 2015).

### Journalism

From 2009 to 2012, Robert wrote the *To Be Or Not To Be* column in the Sunday Times Magazine, that examined moral dilemmas. He recorded a weekly video blog for the online version of the same publication, looking at current affairs through the lens of philosophy. He has written articles for numerous other publications including Intelligent Life, The Independent on Sunday, The Guardian, The Observer, New Scientist, Psychologies and Photoworks. He contributed articles to the first three editions of The Alpine Review, published in Toronto by Louis-Jacques Darveau. He has also been profiled in The Sunday Telegraph and Time Out.

### Radio, television and film

Smith has broadcast talks across several platforms. These include a verbal essay entitled Beyond the Age of Ideas for Four Thought for BBC Radio 4, a podcast on Derrida and forgiveness for the Philosophy Bites series; several videos for the Institute of Art and Ideas, filmed at the HowTheLightGetsIn Festival; several videos for The School of Life, including 'in conversation' events with Steven Pinker and Jared Diamond; a series of interviews with entrepreneurs in different fields, entitled Innovators on Innovation; and videos for the Royal Society of Arts (Beyond Ideas and Carl Jung - Legacy and Influence). Other BBC Radio and TV programmes on which Smith has appeared include Night Waves, The Human Zoo, The Review Show and Today.

Smith has appeared in two films by the independent production company, Heraclitus Pictures. These are Do Not Read This (directed by Joanna Callaghan, HDV, 29 minutes, 2012), in which he plays the part of a publisher; and Love in the Post (directed by Joanna Callaghan, HDV, 75 minutes, 2014), in which he plays a university professor.

### Public speaking

Smith has spoken to audiences in the UK, France, Norway, the United States, Japan, Lithuania, Poland, Switzerland and El Salvador on subjects including love, enlightenment, and innovation. In 1992 he was invited by the British Council to undertake a lecture tour in Romania, and in the 1990s was closely involved with the Oxford Amnesty Lectures that brought leading thinkers to Oxford.

Other fora to which Smith has contributed include: Institute of Contemporary Arts (on Derrida), Hayward Gallery (on concepts of light), the London School of Economics (on the meaning of life), the British Library (on theories of knowledge), the Petrie Museum (on concepts of time), Off Grid (on not knowing) and the Aye Write Festival (on the philosophy of everyday life).

With the philosopher Mark Vernon, Smith performs a 'Philosophy Slam', an improvised ideas format. The pair appear regularly at the Wilderness Festival and other venues, and have featured twice at the Camden Comedy Club at the Camden Head in London in support of comedian Pippa Evans.

### Appearance in works by others

Robert Rowland Smith is the subject of an abstract sculpture by Dutch-Monegasque artist, Adeline de Monseignat, entitled Robert.

Smith is one of the walking companions featured in *A London Safari* by Rose Rouse. He appears in Monique Roffey's memoir, With the Kisses of His Mouth and in the novel by Nicholas Royle entitled *An English Guide to Birdwatching*.

## Bibliography

* Smith, Robert Rowland (2018). *AutoBioPhilosophy: An intimate story of what it means to be human*. 4th Estate. ISBN 9780008218461.
* Smith, Robert Rowland (2012). *On Modern Poetry: From theory to total criticism* (Paperback). Bloomsbury (published 13 September 2012).
* Smith, Robert Rowland (2011). *Driving with Plato : the meaning of life's milestones*. London: Profile. ISBN 978-1-84668-305-3. OCLC 701443476.
* Smith, Robert Rowland (19 May 2010). *Death-drive: Freudian hauntings in literature and art*. Edinburgh University Press. ASIN 0748640398.
* Rowland., Smith, Robert (2010). *Breakfast with Socrates : the philosophy of everyday life*. Profile. ISBN 978-1-84668-241-4. OCLC 528411241.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* Smith, Robert Rowland (2008). *Derrida and Autobiography*. Cambridge University Press (published 12 January 2008). ASIN 0521465818.

## Critical reception

### Breakfast with Socrates

> 'Philosophy made accessible and applied to the quotidian...manages to be funny without underestimating the reader.' - Review by Emmanuelle Smith for The Financial Times, 26 October 2009

> 'I am often asked to recommend a good introduction to philosophy - now I've discovered one. There are plenty of books but mostly they're either the 'wrong kind' of philosophy or they are terribly written. Smith's work is witty, inventive and intelligent - Carl Schmitt on arguing with your partner, Jacques Derrida on booking a holiday - and brilliantly shows how grounded High Theory really is.' - Times Higher Education Supplement

> '...a very thoughtful and continuously entertaining picture of human behavior. Smith adequately and expertly matches the right classical mind or system of thought with each chapter subject without making it seem like a stretch. Rooted deeply in philosophy and psychology, the book is never too complex or confusing that anyone with a normal level of reading comprehension would have a problem with.' - Review by Curtis Silver for wired.com, 3 December 2010

### Driving with Plato

> 'A friendly guide to "the meaning of life's milestones" from birth, to learning to walk, starting school and on to passing your driving test, marrying and having a mid-life crisis, retiring and dying.' - Review by Lindesay Irvine for The Guardian, 19 February 2011

### On Modern Poetry

> 'On Modern Poetry dazzles and illuminates, as does poetry itself. The book is an exciting intervention in poetic criticism, and the zest with which the book apprehends as well as comprehends its material will ensure that all kinds of readers interested in poetry will be enthused to think more carefully about its idioms, strange logics, and its genres. In bringing together intuitive and intellectual attention without simply pre-empting the distinction or its affects, the book achieves what it sets out to do.' - Dr Anthony Mellors, Reader in Poetry and Poetics, Birmingham City University, UK

> 'Smith's writing moves with an ease and elegance that can belie the, sometimes breath-taking, flair, reach and focus of his readings…it has much to recommend it to a wide audience, from general readers, to students, to specialists.' - Dr Clare Connors, University of East Anglia, UK

### Death-Drive

> 'This is a rich and fascinating work. Smith provides a lucid, probing and astute overview of the death drive in Freud, but also leads the reader into strange and compelling new terrain, exploring the notion that works of art have 'an unconscious of their own'. This is an important new contribution to a topic that remains controversial in psychoanalysis and culture more generally.' - Nicholas Royle, University of Sussex

> 'The death-drive has haunted psychoanalytic theory since its first appearance in Freud's Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Rowland Smith brings new life to this grim hypothesis, tracing the rhetorical adventures of the death-drive through Freud's works and those of his defenders and adversaries. Sinuously argued and vividly expressed, Death-Drive will appeal both to beginners and to seasoned readers of psychoanalysis and literature. Rarely has death been discussed with such vitality.' - Maud Ellmann, Donald and Marilyn Keough Professor of Irish Studies, University of Notre Dame

### The Reality Test

> 'By approaching the perennial problems of business through a highly original set of emotionally-charged questions, Smith brings an extraordinary array of insights to the challenges of management and leadership. Brilliant - a tour de force.' - Jules Goddard, author of Uncommon Sense, Common Nonsense

> 'Practical, wise and very much based in reality, this book will make anyone running a business a more shrewd, and probably a more successful, leader.' - Andrew Cahn, former CEO of UK Trade and Investment

> 'I regard Robert Rowland Smith as simply the most intelligent person I know. After reading this book you will understand why.' - Guy Fraser-Sampson, Senior Fellow, Cass Business School

> 'The Reality Test' cuts through turgid corporate "leadership speak" to get the heart of the matter - it should be required reading for any aspiring leader. If 'Fred the Shred' of HBOS had taken the Reality Test, perhaps we wouldn't be living through the biggest recession since the 1930s.' - Lord Victor O. Adebowale CBE, CEO of Turning Point

> 'Robert Rowland Smith asks the practical questions that really matter to business leaders - this book will do more than make you think, it will make you do something.' - Matt Kingdon, co-founder of ?What If! and author of The Science of Serendipity

> 'Intriguing…thought-provoking.' - Review by Frank Dillon for Irish Times, 12 August 2013


title: Robert Patrick Wright

abstract: Sir Robert Patrick Wright (1857–1938) was a Scottish farmer and agriculturalist. He was Chairman of the Scottish Board of Agriculture and was knighted by King George V on 6 July 1911.

text:
# Robert Patrick Wright

**Sir Robert Patrick Wright** JP FRSE FRAS (18571938) was a Scottish farmer and agriculturalist. He was Chairman of the Scottish Board of Agriculture and was knighted by King George V on 6 July 1911.

## Life

He was born on 12 February 1857 the son of Robert Wright, a tenant farmer of Downan Farm near Ballantrae in Ayrshire, one of eight siblings. He was educated at Ayr Academy, then undertook formal training at the University of Edinburgh under Prof John Wilson. He took up farming but abandoned it due to his views on land tenure, and instead focussed on Scottish land reforms and improvements for tenant farmers.

He became Professor of Agriculture at the West of Scotland Technical College around 1890. In 1896 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Andrew Peebles Aitken, John Gray McKendrick, Magnus Maclean and William Jack.

In 1910 he was living at "Maraval", a villa in Uddingston.

He became Sir Robert Patrick Wright when knighted by King George V on 6 July 1911 at St James's Palace, London (the honour took effect from 20 June 1911).

He died at the Heugh Farmhouse in North Berwick on 19 December 1938. He is buried with his parents at Ballantrae.

## Publications

* *The Standard Cyclopaedia of Modern Agriculture*
* *Principles of Agriculture*
* *The Improvement of Poor Permanent Pasture*

## Family

In 1902 he married Marion Miller from Orkney. Their first son, William James Wright (b.1903, d.1994), was appointed Commander of the British Empire (CBE) by Queen Elizabeth II in the 1955 New Year Honours.


title: 1983 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix

abstract: The 1983 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix was the third race of the 1983 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 22–24 April 1983 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza. Balapan F1 musim 2004

text:
# 1983 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix

The **1983 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix** was the third race of the 1983 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 22–24 April 1983 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza.

Balapan F1 musim 2004

## Classification

### 500 cc

| Pos. | Rider | Team | Machine | Time/Retired | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **Freddie Spencer** | **HRC-Honda** | **NS500** | 45'46.570 | **15** |
| 2 | **Randy Mamola** | **HB Sinclair-Suzuki** | **RG500** | +7.660 | **12** |
| 3 | **Eddie Lawson** | **Marlboro Agostini-Yamaha** | **YZR500** | +17.750 | **10** |
| 4 | **Franco Uncini** | **HB Gallina-Suzuki** | **RG500** | +24.380 | **8** |
| 5 | **Takazumi Katayama** | **HRC-Honda** | **NS500** | +33.730 | **6** |
| 6 | **Raymond Roche** | **Moto Club Paul Ricard** | **NS500** | +42.810 | **5** |
| 7 | **Marc Fontan** | **Sonauto Gauloises-Yamaha** | **YZR500** | +1'16.300 | **4** |
| 8 | **Sergio Pellandini** | **Carimati-Pezzani Racing** | **RG500** | +1'21.860 | **3** |
| 9 | **Barry Sheene** | **Heron-Suzuki** | **RG500** | +1'28.230 | **2** |
| 10 | **Marco Lucchinelli** | **HRC-Honda** | **NS500** | +1'33.180 | **1** |
| 11 | Virginio Ferrari | Cagiva | GP500 | +1'41.530 |  |
| 12 | Walter Magliorati | Moto Club Carate | RG500 | +1'41.590 |  |
| 13 | Gustav Reiner | Krauter-Vertrieb Racing | RG500 | +1'47.950 |  |
| 14 | Peter Sjöström | Jeb’s Helmet Sweden | RG500 | +1'48.330 |  |
| 15 | Steve Parrish | Mitsui-Yamaha | YZR500 | +1 lap |  |
| 16 | Marco Papa |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 17 | Wolfgang von Muralt |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 18 | Marco Greco |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 19 | Lorenzo Ghiselli |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 20 | Paolo Ferretti |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 21 | Andreas Hofmann |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 22 | Leandro Becheroni |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 23 | Corrado Tuzii | Beton Bloc Racing | RS500 | +1 lap |  |
| 24 | Chris Guy |  | RG500 | +1 lap |  |
| 25 | Franz Kaserer |  | RG500 | +2 laps |  |
| 26 | Peter Huber |  | RG500 | +2 laps |  |
| Ret | Kenny Roberts | Marlboro Agostini Yamaha | YZR500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Ron Haslam | HRC-Honda | NS500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Gianni Pelletier | Hirt Giapauto-Honda | RS500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Ernst Gschwender | MO Motul Racing Team | RG500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Dave Dean |  | RS500 | Retired |
| Ret | Boet van Dulmen | Shell Nederland-Suzuki | RG500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Alain Rothlisberger |  | YZR500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Keith Huewen | Heron-Suzuki | RG500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Jack Middelburg | Stichting Ned-Honda | RS500 | Retired |  |
| Ret | Philippe Coulon | Marlboro-Suzuki | RG500 | Retired |  |
| DNS | Didier de Radiguès | Team Johnson Elf | RS500 | Did not start |  |
| DNQ | Jon Ekerold | Cagiva | GP500 | Did not qualify |  |
| Sources: | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

1983 Nations Grand Prix
| Race details | |
| --- | --- |
| Race 3 of 12 races in the<br>1983 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season | |
|  | |
| Date | 24 April 1983 |
| Official name | Gran Premio delle Nazioni |
| Location | Autodromo Nazionale Monza |
| Course | * Permanent racing facility * 5.800 km (3.604 mi) |
| 500cc | |
| Pole position  Rider  Kenny Roberts  Time  1:52.690  Fastest lap  Rider  Kenny Roberts  Time  1:52.800  Podium  First  Freddie Spencer  Second  Randy Mamola  Third  Eddie Lawson | |
| 250cc | |
| Pole position  Rider  Patrick Fernandez  Time  2:01.210  Fastest lap  Rider  Iván Palazzese  Time  2:00.570  Podium  First  Carlos Lavado  Second  Thierry Espié  Third  Manfred Herweh | |
| 125cc | |
| Pole position  Rider  Ángel Nieto  Time  2:07.570  Fastest lap  Rider  Ángel Nieto  Time  2:06.740  Podium  First  Ángel Nieto  Second  Eugenio Lazzarini  Third  Ezio Gianola | |
| 50cc | |
| Pole position  Rider  Stefan Dörflinger  Time  2:24.560  Fastest lap  Rider  Eugenio Lazzarini  Time  2:27.760  Podium  First  Eugenio Lazzarini  Second  Claudio Lusuardi  Third  George Looijesteijn | |


title: 1983 National Panasonic Open

abstract: The 1983 National Panasonic Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Milton Tennis Centre in Brisbane, Australia that was part of the 1983 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 14 November through 20 November 1983. First-seeded Pam Shriver won the singles title and earned $27,500 first-prize money.

text:
# 1983 National Panasonic Open

The **1983 National Panasonic Open** was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Milton Tennis Centre in Brisbane, Australia that was part of the 1983 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 14 November through 20 November 1983. First-seeded Pam Shriver won the singles title and earned $27,500 first-prize money.

## Finals

### Singles

Pam Shriver defeated  Wendy Turnbull 6–4, 7–5

* It was Shriver's 2nd singles title of the year and the 5th of her career.

### Doubles

Anne Hobbs /  Wendy Turnbull defeated  Pam Shriver /  Sharon Walsh 6–3, 6–4

* It was Hobbs' 4th title of the year and the 5th of her career. It was Turnbull's 4th title of the year and the 55th of her career.

## Prize money

| **Event** | **W** | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Round of 64 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Singles | $27,500 | $14,000 | $7,150 | $3,300 | $1,600 | $800 | $400 |

## InfoBox

| 1983 National Panasonic Open | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 14–20 November |
| Edition | 4th |
| Draw | 56S / 32D |
| Prize money | $150,000 |
| Surface | Grass / outdoor |
| Location | Brisbane, Australia |
| Venue | Milton Tennis Centre |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Pam Shriver | |
| Doubles | |
| Anne Hobbs /  Wendy Turnbull | |
|  | |


title: 1983 National Provincial Championship

text:
# 1983 National Provincial Championship

The 1983 season was the eighth year of the National Provincial Championship (NPC), a provincial rugby union competition in New Zealand. Canterbury were the winners of Division 1.

## Division 1

The following table gives the final standings:

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Canterbury | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 295 | 109 | +186 | 20 |
| 2 | Wellington | 10 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 209 | 104 | +105 | 15 |
| 3 | Auckland | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 164 | 104 | +60 | 13 |
| 4 | Bay of Plenty | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 207 | 190 | +17 | 10 |
| 5 | Counties | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 182 | 147 | +35 | 12 |
| 6 | Waikato | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 161 | 205 | -44 | 10 |
| 7 | Otago | 10 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 121 | 170 | -49 | 10 |
| 8 | Manawatu | 10 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 188 | 162 | +26 | 8 |
| 9 | North Auckland | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 134 | 160 | -26 | 6 |
| 10 | Wairarapa Bush | 10 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 96 | 206 | -110 | 5 |
| 11 | Hawke's Bay | 10 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 92 | 205 | -113 | 3 |

## Division 2 (North Island)

The following table gives the final standings:

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Taranaki | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 321 | 37 | +284 | 12 |
| 2 | Wanganui | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 186 | 56 | +130 | 10 |
| 3 | Poverty Bay | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 94 | 73 | +21 | 8 |
| 4 | King Country | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 102 | 94 | +8 | 6 |
| 5 | Thames Valley | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 96 | 121 | -25 | 4 |
| 6 | Horowhenua | 6 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 69 | 235 | -166 | 2 |
| 7 | East Coast | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 25 | 266 | -241 | 0 |

## Division 2 (South Island)

The following table gives the final standings:

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Mid Canterbury | 7 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 154 | 78 | -76 | 12 |
| 2 | Southland | 7 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 157 | 61 | +96 | 12 |
| 3 | Marlborough | 7 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 127 | 59 | +68 | 10 |
| 4 | South Canterbury | 7 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 93 | 97 | -4 | 8 |
| 5 | Buller | 7 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 70 | 95 | -25 | 6 |
| 6 | Nelson Bays | 7 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 96 | 121 | -25 | 6 |
| 7 | West Coast | 7 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 71 | 121 | -50 | 2 |
| 8 | North Otago | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 32 | 168 | -136 | 0 |

## Promotion/relegation

Division Two South winner Mid Canterbury defeated Division Two North winner Taranaki 6 points to 3 in the playoff match. Mid-Canterbury then challenged Hawke's Bay, but were defeated 32 points to 15 for Hawke's Bay remained in Division One for the 1984 season.

## Referencees


abstract: The 1983 National League Championship Series was a best-of-five matchup between the West Division champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the East Division champion Philadelphia Phillies. It was the 15th NLCS in all. The Phillies beat the Dodgers, three games to one, and would go on to lose the World Series to the Baltimore Orioles.

text:
# 1983 National League Championship Series

The **1983 National League Championship Series** was a best-of-five matchup between the West Division champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the East Division champion Philadelphia Phillies. It was the 15th NLCS in all. The Phillies beat the Dodgers, three games to one, and would go on to lose the World Series to the Baltimore Orioles.

## Background

The Phillies post-season roster had nine players 30 years of age or over and three rookies, Charlie Hudson, Kevin Gross, and Juan Samuel. The Dodgers entered the series as favorites after winning 11 of 12 games against the Phillies in the regular season. The Dodgers had shut out the Phillies five times, allowed only 15 runs total, and held Phillies hitters to a .187 batting average. However, Philadelphia came into the NLCS torrid, having gone 23–8 in September/October. They were nicknamed the "Wheeze Kids" because of the numerous veteran players on the team and it was also a play off the 1950 National League pennant winning Phillies, who had been nicknamed the "Whiz Kids", due to their youth.

This was the third NLCS meeting between the Dodgers and Phillies, with Los Angeles winning both prior meetings in four games in 1977 and 1978.

## Summary

### Philadelphia Phillies vs. Los Angeles Dodgers

*Philadelphia won the series, 3–1.*

| Game | Date | Score | Location | Time | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | October 4 | **Philadelphia Phillies** – 1, Los Angeles Dodgers – 0 | Dodger Stadium | 2:17 | 55,254 |
| 2 | October 5 | Philadelphia Phillies – 1, **Los Angeles Dodgers** – 4 | Dodger Stadium | 2:44 | 55,967 |
| 3 | October 7 | Los Angeles Dodgers – 2, **Philadelphia Phillies** – 7 | Veterans Stadium | 2:51 | 53,490 |
| 4 | October 8 | Los Angeles Dodgers – 2, **Philadelphia Phillies** – 7 | Veterans Stadium | 2:50 | 64,494 |

## Game summaries

### Game 1

Tuesday, October 4, 1983, at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, California

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Philadelphia** | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
| Los Angeles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| **WP:** Steve Carlton (1–0)   **LP:** Jerry Reuss (0–1)   **Sv:** Al Holland (1)
**Home runs:**
PHI: Mike Schmidt (1)
LAD: None | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Mike Schmidt hit a two-out homer off Jerry Reuss in the first, and the Phillies made it hold up as Steve Carlton and Al Holland combined to scatter seven Dodger hits. Los Angeles mounted only two threats; the first came in the sixth, when Steve Sax singled, Bill Russell sacrificed Sax to second, and Sax went to third on a Carlton wild pitch. Carlton retired the last two hitters, however. The second came in the eighth, when singles by Sax and Dusty Baker and a walk to Pedro Guerrero loaded the bases, chasing Carlton. Holland came in and retired Mike Marshall for the third out and ultimately finished the game.

### Game 2

Wednesday, October 5, 1983, at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, California

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Philadelphia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 2 |
| **Los Angeles** | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | X | 4 | 6 | 1 |
| **WP:** Fernando Valenzuela (1–0)   **LP:** John Denny (0–1)   **Sv:** Tom Niedenfuer (1)
**Home runs:**
PHI: Gary Matthews (1)
LAD: None | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The Dodgers drew first blood with a Ken Landreaux RBI single in the first with two on, but Gary Matthews tied it for the Phils in the second with a home run off Fernando Valenzuela. Valenzuela and eventual NL Cy Young Award winner John Denny would continue dueling until the Dodger half of the fifth. Valenzuela led off and reached third when Garry Maddox misplayed a fly ball. However, with one out, he was thrown out at the plate on a Greg Brock ground ball (Brock reached first). Seemingly out of the inning, Denny walked Dusty Baker and then gave up a tie-breaking two-run triple to Pedro Guerrero.

The Dodgers' final run came in the eighth when Bill Russell walked with two outs, stole second, and scored on an RBI single by catcher Jack Fimple. Valenzuela and Tom Niedenfuer would combine to scatter seven hits for the win.

### Game 3

Friday, October 7, 1983, at Veterans Stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Los Angeles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| **Philadelphia** | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | X | 7 | 9 | 1 |
| **WP:** Charles Hudson (1–0)   **LP:** Bob Welch (0–1)
**Home runs:**
LAD: Mike Marshall (1)
PHI: Gary Matthews (2) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

With the series shifting to Philadelphia, Dodgers starter Bob Welch was pulled from the game in the second after walking two with one out. A wild pitch and passed ball by reliever Alejandro Pena scored the game's first run. After Bo Diaz walked, Ivan de Jesus's RBI groundout made it 2–0 Phillies. Next inning, Joe Lefebvre's sacrifice fly with two on made it 3–0 Phillies. In the top of the fourth, rookie Charles Hudson allowed a leadoff single, then a two-out two-run homer by Mike Marshall to cut the Phillies' lead to 3–2. However, Hudson only allowed two other hits and pitched a complete game. Gary Matthews's leadoff home run in the bottom of the inning extended the Phillies' lead to 4–2. Next inning, Dodgers reliever Rick Honeycutt allowed a one-out single and double, then Matthews's two-run single off of Joe Beckwith made it 6–2 Phillies. Matthews hit another RBI single in the seventh off of Pat Zachry in the seventh that capped the scoring at 7–2 Phillies, giving them a 2–1 series lead.

### Game 4

Saturday, October 8, 1983, at Veterans Stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Los Angeles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 0 |
| **Philadelphia** | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | X | 7 | 13 | 1 |
| **WP:** Steve Carlton (2–0)   **LP:** Jerry Reuss (0–2)
**Home runs:**
LAD: Dusty Baker (1)
PHI: Gary Matthews (3), Sixto Lezcano (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Series MVP Gary Matthews hit a three-run homer in the first off Jerry Reuss after two straight two-out singles. Dusty Baker's leadoff home run in the fourth off of Steve Carlton put the Dodgers on the board. In the fifth, Pete Rose hit a leadoff single and scored on Mike Schmidt's double to knock Reuss out of the game. Schmidt then moved to third on a groundout and after an intentional walk, scored on Garry Maddox's fielder's choice off of Joe Beckwith. Sixto Lezcano added a two-run homer in the sixth off of Rick Honeycutt after a two-out single. Baker drove in the Dodgers' other run in the eighth with an RBI single off of Ron Reed after a leadoff single. One Dodger fan could be heard screaming "It's a whole new ballgame!" He was immediately pelted with beer, popcorn, and peanut shells by the Phillies faithful. Alas, the Dodger rally was short-lived as Steve Carlton pitched his second win, scattering 10 hits with relief help from Reed and Al Holland. The Phillies moved to their second World Series in four seasons.

Out of the 14 postseason series that Pete Rose played in, this was the only one in which he did not record an RBI. He did hit well in the series, compiling six hits and one walk in 17 plate appearances. Oddly enough, in the 13 series in which Rose had an RBI, he never drove in more than two runs in any of them.

## Composite box

1983 NLCS **(3–1): Philadelphia Phillies** over Los Angeles Dodgers

| Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Philadelphia Phillies** | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 34 | 5 |
| **Los Angeles Dodgers** | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 27 | 1 |
| **Total attendance:** 223,914   **Average attendance:** 55,979 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Broadcasting

1983 marked the last time that local telecasts of League Championship Series games were allowed. In 1982, Major League Baseball recognized a problem with this due to the emergence of cable superstations such as WTBS in Atlanta and WGN-TV in Chicago. When TBS tried to petition for the right to do a "local" Braves broadcast of the 1982 NLCS, Major League Baseball got a Philadelphia federal court to ban them on the grounds that as a cable superstation, TBS couldn't have a nationwide telecast competing with ABC's.

## InfoBox

| 1983 National League Championship Series | |
| --- | --- |
| Team (Wins)  Manager(s) Season  Philadelphia Phillies (3) Paul Owens  90–72, .556, GA: 6  Los Angeles Dodgers (1) Tommy Lasorda  91–71, .562, GA: 3 | |
| Dates | October 4–8 |
| MVP | Gary Matthews (Philadelphia) |
| Umpires | Terry Tata
Dick Stello
John McSherry
Lee Weyer
Doug Harvey (crew chief)
Jerry Crawford |
| Broadcast | |
| Television | NBC (national broadcast)
KTTV (LAD)
WTAF-TV (PHI) |
| TV announcers | **NBC**: Vin Scully and Joe Garagiola
**KTTV**: Ross Porter and Jerry Doggett
**WTAF-TV**: Harry Kalas, Andy Musser and Richie Ashburn |
| Radio | CBS |
| Radio announcers | Duke Snider and Jerry Coleman |
|  | |


title: Robert L. Devaney

abstract: Robert Luke Devaney is an American mathematician. He is the Feld Family Professor of Teaching Excellence at Boston University, and served as the president of the Mathematical Association of America from 2013 to 2015. His research involves dynamical systems and fractals.

text:
# Robert L. Devaney

**Robert Luke Devaney** (born 1948) is an American mathematician. He is the Feld Family Professor of Teaching Excellence at Boston University, and served as the president of the Mathematical Association of America from 2013 to 2015. His research involves dynamical systems and fractals.

## Early life and career

Devaney was born on April 9, 1948, in Lawrence, Massachusetts. He grew up in Methuen, Massachusetts.

Devaney graduated in 1969 from the College of the Holy Cross, and earned his Ph.D. in 1973 from the University of California, Berkeley, under the supervision of Stephen Smale. From 1974 to 1976, he was a postdoctoral research fellow at Northwestern University. Before joining the faculty at Boston University, he taught at Tufts University, Northwestern University, and the University of Maryland, College Park.

## Mathematical activities

Devaney is known for formulating a simple and widely used definition of chaotic systems, one that does not need advanced concepts such as measure theory. In his 1989 book *An Introduction to Chaotic Dynamical Systems*, Devaney defined a system to be chaotic if it has sensitive dependence on initial conditions, it is topologically transitive (for any two open sets, some points from one set will eventually hit the other set), and its periodic orbits form a dense set. Later, it was observed that this definition is redundant: sensitive dependence on initial conditions follows automatically as a mathematical consequence of the other two properties.

Devaney hairs, a fractal structure in certain Julia sets, are named after Devaney, who was the first to investigate them.

As well as research and teaching in mathematics, Devaney's mathematical activities have included organizing one-day immersion programs in mathematics for thousands of Boston-area high school students, and consulting on the mathematics behind media productions including the 2008 film *21* and the 1993 play *Arcadia*. He was president of the Mathematical Association of America from 2013 to 2015.

## Awards and honors

In 1995, Devaney won the Deborah and Franklin Tepper Haimo Award for Distinguished University Teaching of the Mathematical Association of America. In 2002 Devaney won the National Science Foundation Director's Award for Distinguished Teaching Scholars. He was named the inaugural Feld Professor in 2010.

In 2008, a conference in honor of Devaney's 60th birthday was held in Tossa de Mar, Spain. The papers from the conference were published in a special issue of the *Journal of Difference Equations and Applications* in 2010, also honoring Devaney.

In 2012 he became one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society.

## Selected publications

Books

Devaney is the author of books on fractals and dynamical systems including:

* *An Introduction to Chaotic Dynamical Systems* (Benjamin/Cummings 1986; 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, 1989; reprinted by Westview Press, 2003)
* *The Science of Fractal Images* (with Barnsley, Mandelbrot, Peitgen, Saupe, and Voss, Springer-Verlag, 1988)
* *Chaos, Fractals, and Dynamics: Computer Experiments in Mathematics* (Addison-Wesley, 1990)
* *A First Course in Chaotic Dynamical Systems: Theory and Experiment* (Addison-Wesley, 1992)
* *Fractals: A Tool Kit of Dynamics Activities* (with J. Choate and A. Foster, Key Curriculum Press, 1999)
* *Iteration: A Tool Kit of Dynamics Activities* (with J. Choate and A. Foster, Key Curriculum Press, 1999)
* *Chaos: A Tool Kit of Dynamics Activities* (with J. Choate, Key Curriculum Press, 2000)
* *The Mandelbrot and Julia Sets: A Tool Kit of Dynamics Activities* (Key Curriculum Press, 2000)
* *Differential Equations* (with P. Blanchard and G. R. Hall, 3rd ed., Brooks/Cole, 2005)
* *Differential Equations, Dynamical Systems, and an Introduction to Chaos* (with Morris Hirsch and Stephen Smale, 2nd ed., Academic Press, 2004; 3rd ed., Academic Press, 2013)

Research papers

Some of the more highly cited of Devaney's research publications include:

* Devaney, Robert L. (1976), "Homoclinic orbits in Hamiltonian systems", *Journal of Differential Equations*, **21** (2): 431–438, Bibcode:1976JDE....21..431D, doi:10.1016/0022-0396(76)90130-3, MR 0442990.
* Devaney, Robert L. (1976), "Reversible diffeomorphisms and flows", *Transactions of the American Mathematical Society*, **218**: 89–113, doi:10.2307/1997429, JSTOR 1997429, MR 0402815.
* Devaney, Robert L. (1980), "Triple collision in the planar isosceles three-body problem", *Inventiones Mathematicae*, **60** (3): 249–267, Bibcode:1980InMat..60..249D, doi:10.1007/BF01390017, MR 0586428, S2CID 120330839.
* Devaney, Robert L.; Krych, Michał (1984), "Dynamics of exp(*z*)", *Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems*, **4** (1): 35–52, doi:10.1017/S014338570000225X, MR 0758892.

## InfoBox

| Robert L. Devaney | |
| --- | --- |
| Devaney in 1973 | |
| Born | (1948-04-09) April 9, 1948
Lawrence, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Alma mater | College of the Holy Cross (BA)
University of California, Berkeley (PhD) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields |  |
| Institutions | Northwestern University
Tufts University
Boston University |
| Thesis | *Reversible diffeomorphisms and flows* (1973) |
| Doctoral advisor | Stephen Smale |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| President of the
Mathematical Association of America | |
| **In office**
2013–2015 | |
| Preceded by | Paul M. Zorn |
| Succeeded by | Francis Su |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Charles-Joseph Tissot

abstract: Charles-Joseph Tissot was a French diplomat and archaeologist, a pioneer in the exploration of ancient North Africa. He was born on 29 August 1828 in Paris and died there on 2 July 1884.

text:
# Charles-Joseph Tissot

**Charles-Joseph Tissot** (also known as *Charles Tissot*) was a French diplomat and archaeologist, a pioneer in the exploration of ancient North Africa. He was born on 29 August 1828 in Paris and died there on 2 July 1884.

## Early life and education

Born into a very old Italian family established in Franche-Comté since the 12th century, Tissot's father, a lawyer and aggregated professor of philosophy, chose to teach this subject in Bourges and later in Dijon, and also taking charge of his son's education. Charles Tissot learned English, German, Spanish, Latin, Greek, as well as drawing through this upbringing.

Tissot studied at Lycée Charlemagne and continued at the Faculty of Law in Dijon. Admitted to the newly founded École d'administration, he became a consul student in Tunis in 1852. He married in this city to Valentine-Marie-Caroline Thomas in 1854 and learned Arabic there. His encounter with the archaeologist and chaplain of Saint-Louis-de-Carthage, Abbot Bourgade, influenced his archaeological vocation.

Upon returning to Paris, advised by Ernest Renan and Léon Renier, Tissot prepared a thesis, then returned to Tunisia in 1855 dedicating his Latin thesis to the study of the Lake Tritonis.

## Career

In 1856, Tissot envisioned a significant excavation in Carthage, which he couldn't carry out. Nevertheless, he engaged in epigraphic surveys, studying roads and itineraries. Travelling throughout the Regency of Algiers in 1857, he collected numerous Roman inscriptions, discovered a route unmentioned by the Peutinger Table, and identified the location of Thuburbo Majus, determining the intermediate points between Thuburbo and Hadrumetum.

As a consul, Tissot lived successively in Spain, Thessaloniki, and Edirne, collaborating with Charles de La Valette on Herzegovina and a reconciliation attempt between Turks and Montenegrins. He followed La Valette to Rome, and after writing his work *La Campagne de César en Afrique* (1862), he was sent to Iași in Romania, later becoming the deputy director of political affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

In 1869, Tissot went to London with La Valette, serving as his first secretary. In 1871, he was appointed as the plenipotentiary minister to Morocco. He resumed his archaeological research, exploring all the Roman roads of the country, establishing the map of a region practically unexplored until then in his work *Recherches sur la géographie comparée de la Maurétanie tingitane* (Research on the Comparative Geography of Mauretania Tingitana) (1871-1876). Concurrently, he continued his research on Roman roads in Tunisia, publishing inscriptions revealing the name and location of Banasa and a map of Mauretania Tingitana in the *Revue archéologique*.

In 1874, he submitted his thesis to Ernest Desjardins, who presented it to the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. Tissot read it before the academy, which elected him as a corresponding member in 1876.

In 1876, Tissot explored the lower stream of the Medjerda River. As the Minister of France in Athens (1876-1879), Albert Dumont entrusted him with the presidency of the Hellenic Correspondence Institute.

During a leave he obtained, Tissot explored the Bagradas River, reconstructing the Roman road from Carthage to Hippo Regius via Bulla Regia, documenting numerous inscriptions. He shared his work with Theodor Mommsen, who, in gratitude, appointed him a member of the German Archaeological Institute.

Appointed as an extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador to Constantinople (1880), then to London (1882), elected as a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (1880), Tissot refused to follow the advice of Salomon Reinach and to entrust the exploration of Tunisia to the students of the École française de Rome. Nevertheless, he became Reinach's collaborator and developed with him the *Géographie comparée de la province romaine d'Afrique* (Comparative Geography of the Roman Province of Africa).

In March 1883, Tissot became the President of the Archaeological Commission of Tunisia but died suddenly at his residence, in the 6th arrondissement of Paris on 2 July 1884.

## Publications

* *Des proxénies grecques et leur analogie avec les institutions consulaires*, 1863.
* *De Tritonide lacu*, 1863.
* *Recherches sur la géographie comparée de la Maurétanie tingitane*, *Comptes rendus de l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres*, 1877.
* *Le Bassin du Bagrada et la voie romaine de Carthage à Hippone par Bulla Regia*, 1881.
* *Recherches sur la campagne de César en Afrique*, 1884.
* *Exploration scientifique de la Tunisie: Géographie comparée de la province romaine d’Afrique*, 2 vols. and an atlas, 1884–1891.
* *Fastes de la province romaine d'Afrique*, with S. Reinach, 1885.

A portion of Charles-Joseph Tissot's archives is preserved at the Institut National d'Histoire de l'Art.

## Bibliography

* Ève and Jean Gran-Aymerich, *Charles-Joseph Tissot*, in *Archéologia* No.209, January 1986, p. 67-72.
* Numa Broc, *Dictionnaire des Explorateurs français du 19th century*, Vol. 1, Afrique, CTHS, 1988, p. 311-312.
* Ève Gran-Aymerich, *Les Chercheurs de passé*, Éditions du CNRS, 2007, p. 1193-1195.

## InfoBox

| Charles-Joseph Tissot | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1828-08-29)29 August 1828
Paris, France |
| Died | 2 July 1884(1884-07-02) (aged 55)
Paris, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Alma mater | École d'administration |
| Occupation(s) | diplomat, archaeologist |
| Notable work | *Exploration scientifique de la Tunisie: Géographie comparée de la province romaine d’Afrique* (Scientific Exploration of Tunisia: Comparative Geography of the Roman Province of Africa) |
| Title | Ambassador of France to the Ottoman Empire |
| Term | 1880-1882 |
| Predecessor | Hugues Fournier |
| Successor | Emmanuel Henri Victurnien de Noailles |
| Honours | Grand-croix of the Legion of Honour |


title: Center (group theory)

abstract:
In abstract algebra, the center of a group G is the set of elements that commute with every element of G. It is denoted Z(G), from German Zentrum, meaning center. In set-builder notation,
  - Z(G) = {z ∈ G | ∀g ∈ G, zg = gz}. The center is a normal subgroup, Z(G) ⊲ G, and also a characteristic subgroup, but is not necessarily fully characteristic. The quotient group, G / Z(G), is isomorphic to the inner automorphism group, Inn(G). A group G is abelian if and only if Z(G) = G. At the other extreme, a group is said to be centerless if Z(G) is trivial; i.e., consists only of the identity element. The elements of the center are central elements.

text:
# Center (group theory)

Cayley table for D4 showing elements of the center, {e, a2}, commute with all other elements (this can be seen by noticing that all occurrences of a given center element are arranged symmetrically about the center diagonal or by noticing that the row and column starting with a given center element are transposes of each other).
|  | e | b | a | a2 | a3 | ab | a2b | a3b |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| e | **e** | b | a | a2 | a3 | ab | a2b | a3b |
| b | b | **e** | a3b | a2b | ab | a3 | a2 | a |
| a | a | ab | a2 | a3 | **e** | a2b | a3b | b |
| a2 | a2 | a2b | a3 | **e** | a | a3b | b | ab |
| a3 | a3 | a3b | **e** | a | a2 | b | ab | a2b |
| ab | ab | a | b | a3b | a2b | **e** | a3 | a2 |
| a2b | a2b | a2 | ab | b | a3b | a | **e** | a3 |
| a3b | a3b | a3 | a2b | ab | b | a2 | a | **e** |

In abstract algebra, the **center** of a group *G* is the set of elements that commute with every element of *G*. It is denoted Z(*G*), from German *Zentrum,* meaning *center*. In set-builder notation,

Z(*G*) = {*z**G* | ∀*g**G*, *zg* = *gz*}.

The center is a normal subgroup, Z(*G*) ⊲ *G*, and also a characteristic subgroup, but is not necessarily fully characteristic. The quotient group, *G* / Z(*G*), is isomorphic to the inner automorphism group, Inn(*G*).

A group *G* is abelian if and only if Z(*G*) = *G*. At the other extreme, a group is said to be **centerless** if Z(*G*) is trivial; i.e., consists only of the identity element.

The elements of the center are **central elements**.

## As a subgroup

The center of *G* is always a subgroup of *G*. In particular:

1. Z(*G*) contains the identity element of *G*, because it commutes with every element of *g*, by definition: *eg* = *g* = *ge*, where *e* is the identity;
2. If *x* and *y* are in Z(*G*), then so is *xy*, by associativity: (*xy*)*g* = *x*(*yg*) = *x*(*gy*) = (*xg*)*y* = (*gx*)*y* = *g*(*xy*) for each *g**G*; i.e., Z(*G*) is closed;
3. If *x* is in Z(*G*), then so is *x*−1 as, for all *g* in *G*, *x*−1 commutes with *g*: (*gx* = *xg*) ⇒ (*x*−1*gxx*−1 = *x*−1*xgx*−1) ⇒ (*x*−1*g* = *gx*−1).

Furthermore, the center of *G* is always an abelian and normal subgroup of *G*. Since all elements of Z(*G*) commute, it is closed under conjugation.

A group homomorphism *f* : *G**H* might not restrict to a homomorphism between their centers. The image elements *f* (*g*) commute with the image *f* ( *G* ), but they need not commute with all of *H* unless *f* is surjective. Thus the center mapping $G\to Z(G)$ is not a functor between categories Grp and Ab, since it does not induce a map of arrows.

## Conjugacy classes and centralizers

By definition, an element is central whenever its conjugacy class contains only the element itself; i.e. Cl(*g*) = {*g*}.

The center is the intersection of all the centralizers of elements of *G*:

> $Z(G)=\bigcap \_{g\in G}Z\_{G}(g).$

As centralizers are subgroups, this again shows that the center is a subgroup.

## Conjugation

Consider the map *f* : *G* → Aut(*G*), from *G* to the automorphism group of *G* defined by *f*(*g*) = *ϕ**g*, where *ϕ**g* is the automorphism of *G* defined by

*f*(*g*)(*h*) = *ϕ**g*(*h*) = *ghg*−1.

The function, *f* is a group homomorphism, and its kernel is precisely the center of *G*, and its image is called the inner automorphism group of *G*, denoted Inn(*G*). By the first isomorphism theorem we get,

*G*/Z(*G*) ≃ Inn(*G*).

The cokernel of this map is the group Out(*G*) of outer automorphisms, and these form the exact sequence

1 ⟶ Z(*G*) ⟶ *G* ⟶ Aut(*G*) ⟶ Out(*G*) ⟶ 1.

## Examples

* The center of an abelian group, *G*, is all of *G*.
* The center of the Heisenberg group, *H*, is the set of matrices of the form: $\begin{pmatrix}1&0&z\\0&1&0\\0&0&1\end{pmatrix}$
* The center of a nonabelian simple group is trivial.
* The center of the dihedral group, D*n*, is trivial for odd *n* ≥ 3. For even *n* ≥ 4, the center consists of the identity element together with the 180° rotation of the polygon.
* The center of the quaternion group, Q8 = {1, −1, i, −i, j, −j, k, −k}, is {1, −1}.
* The center of the symmetric group, *S**n*, is trivial for *n* ≥ 3.
* The center of the alternating group, *A**n*, is trivial for *n* ≥ 4.
* The center of the general linear group over a field F, GL*n*(F), is the collection of scalar matrices, { sI*n* ∣ s ∈ F \ {0} }.
* The center of the orthogonal group, O*n*(F) is {I*n*, −I*n*}.
* The center of the special orthogonal group, SO(*n*) is the whole group when *n* = 2, and otherwise {I*n*, −I*n*} when *n* is even, and trivial when *n* is odd.
* The center of the unitary group, $U(n)$ is $\left\\{e^{i\theta }\cdot I\_{n}\mid \theta \in \[0,2\pi )\right\\}$.
* The center of the special unitary group, $\operatorname {SU} (n)$ is $\textstyle \left\lbrace e^{i\theta }\cdot I\_{n}\mid \theta ={\frac {2k\pi }{n},k=0,1,\dots ,n-1\right\rbrace }$.
* The center of the multiplicative group of non-zero quaternions is the multiplicative group of non-zero real numbers.
* Using the class equation, one can prove that the center of any non-trivial finite p-group is non-trivial.
* If the quotient group *G*/Z(*G*) is cyclic, *G* is abelian (and hence *G* = Z(*G*), so *G*/Z(*G*) is trivial).
* The center of the Rubik's Cube group consists of two elements – the identity (i.e. the solved state) and the superflip. The center of the Pocket Cube group is trivial.
* The center of the Megaminx group has order 2, and the center of the Kilominx group is trivial.

## Higher centers

Quotienting out by the center of a group yields a sequence of groups called the **upper central series**:

(*G*0 = *G*) ⟶ (*G*1 = *G*0/Z(*G*0)) ⟶ (*G*2 = *G*1/Z(*G*1)) ⟶ ⋯

The kernel of the map *G**Gi* is the ***i*th center** of *G* (**second center**, **third center**, etc.), denoted Z*i*(*G*). Concretely, the (*i*+1)-st center comprises the elements that commute with all elements up to an element of the *i*th center. Following this definition, one can define the 0th center of a group to be the identity subgroup. This can be continued to transfinite ordinals by transfinite induction; the union of all the higher centers is called the **hypercenter**.

The ascending chain of subgroups

1 ≤ Z(*G*) ≤ Z2(*G*) ≤ ⋯

stabilizes at *i* (equivalently, Z*i*(*G*) = Zi+1(*G*)) if and only if *G**i* is centerless.

### Examples

* For a centerless group, all higher centers are zero, which is the case Z0(*G*) = Z1(*G*) of stabilization.
* By Grün's lemma, the quotient of a perfect group by its center is centerless, hence all higher centers equal the center. This is a case of stabilization at Z1(*G*) = Z2(*G*).

* Fraleigh, John B. (2014). *A First Course in Abstract Algebra* (7 ed.). Pearson. ISBN 978-1-292-02496-7.

1. Ellis, Graham (February 1, 1998). "On groups with a finite nilpotent upper central quotient". *Archiv der Mathematik*. **70** (2): 89–96. doi:10.1007/s000130050169. ISSN 1420-8938.
2. Ellis, Graham (February 1, 1998). "On groups with a finite nilpotent upper central quotient". *Archiv der Mathematik*. **70** (2): 89–96. doi:10.1007/s000130050169. ISSN 1420-8938.


title: The World's Greatest Sinner

abstract: The World's Greatest Sinner is a 1962 American drama film written, directed, and produced by, and starring Timothy Carey. Narrated by voice actor Paul Frees, the film focuses on a frustrated atheist named Clarence Hilliard who rises from insurance salesman to powerful figure, but faces consequences from the real God of the Bible; he alienates his family and friends with his increasing egomania and dictator-like presence.

text:
# The World's Greatest Sinner

***The World's Greatest Sinner*** is a 1962 American drama film written, directed, and produced by, and starring Timothy Carey. Narrated by voice actor Paul Frees, the film focuses on a frustrated atheist named Clarence Hilliard (later God Hilliard) who rises from insurance salesman to powerful figure, but faces consequences from the real God of the Bible; he alienates his family and friends with his increasing egomania and dictator-like presence.

## Plot

*The World's Greatest Sinner* introduces a frustrated insurance salesman, Clarence, and his family: wife Edna, daughter Betty Hilliard and their son, as well as Clarence's friend, Alonzo.

Clarence Hilliard is dismissed by the manager in an insurance company due to Clarence's disregard for the 'scrape and screw' policy. Clarence confesses to Edna that he wants to become more than 'Clarence' and start a political career, but Edna falls asleep as he is talking. Later, Clarence tells his horse and Alonzo about his ambitions to make humans immortal, and a plan that will make Clarence 'God'. After witnessing an ecstatic crowd at a rockabilly concert, Clarence decides to learn to play the guitar. With the encouragement of Alonzo, Clarence attracts the audiences with his new ideology: that an ordinary person who is now a superhuman being will live forever and become God. Gradually gaining his followers, Clarence proclaims himself 'God Hilliard' and creates a religious cult known as the Eternal Man's Party. In a meeting, the followers consider a few minorities as potential targets for their hatred, but God Hilliard proposes a new way of thinking on "a non-discriminatory basis". Eventually, one of the followers warns God Hilliard that nobody should exert too much power, or one will become a dictator.

God Hilliard finances the cult by seducing elderly widows out of their life savings. Meanwhile, Alonzo builds an image of God Hilliard by using false facial hair, trimmed to a soul patch. God Hilliard forms a band at the venue and performs a rockabilly song, with a spoken motif, 'take my hand', and his outrageous stripping. As he relaxes with a snake after his performance, his followers rebel against a man who berates them and threatens to call the police. The followers gather together, shouting "We want God". The followers later cause a riot, which includes destroying objects such as cars and buildings. God Hilliard meets an ex-follower who experiences a mental breakdown since he alienated his family in favour of following God Hilliard. Hilliard has little sympathy for the ex-follower's disconnection with his family, giving the ex-follower a gun and instructing him to commit suicide.

A bicyclist boy meets Betty and informs her that her father is in trouble, but she is in denial. In a discussion between Edna and God Hilliard, he demands that nobody should be on the top but himself, which alienates Edna. When Betty returns home, she is warned by God Hilliard that she should not tell anyone about his "business" if a guest comes in. God Hilliard's mother arrives to his house for a visit, and questions what he has been doing for the past few days. God Hilliard tells her that he called himself "God", and his mother condemns this practice, which she views as sacrilege.

As the film progresses, God Hilliard sets up a concert tour in the same vein of his first concert appearance and attracts the attention of a political manager, who tells God Hilliard to give up the rockabilly career in favour of being a 'political threat' by smashing his guitar. With the help of the manager, God Hilliard seeks out the nomination for President of the United States, leading a political party named after his cult. Hilliard holds a press conference, but he is not satisfied with the reporters. The film cuts to scenes of God Hilliard seducing and kissing several women, including a 14-year-old minor, and his meeting with the followers of the Eternal Man's Party. God Hilliard tours nationwide in the United States. Despite his proposal that every human being will live forever, God Hilliard learns about his own mother's death during the tour. This death in the family disillusions him. Nonetheless, Alonzo and the members prepare God Hilliard's political speeches, and assure to God Hilliard that he and the party will win the presidency. Later, Alonzo tells God Hilliard that Edna wants to see him, but God Hilliard declines, citing his preoccupation with political matters. His followers inform him that the public is calling him an atheist, and he has to convince the public that he is not one. He leaves the duty of convincing the American public about his religious faith to Alonzo and the members of the cult, who instead tell the publicists that God Hilliard "is the only living creature that you can call a God".

Meanwhile, God Hilliard refuses to let Edna and their children attend a church and accuses Edna of indoctrinating their children. Betty hands God Hilliard the Bible, and he slaps her in retaliation. The incident causes God Hilliard's family to escape from him, and Hilliard enters a period of emotional crisis. His followers discover him crying on his desk. He apologizes to the followers and is left alone, as he strikes a piano note. God Hilliard then voices a challenge to God Almighty; if he is 'mightier than man', he will 'give up everything' for God Almighty. At a church, God Hilliard attends in disguise, but waits until every attendant has left the church. He then steals a piece of sacramental bread from the church. At his house, God Hilliard uncovers his stolen item and wonders what happens if the bread can or cannot bleed. God Hilliard proceeds to pierce the bread, but he joyfully discovers that the bread does not bleed. He then returns to the Eternal Man's Party building. A slime trail appears, which God Hilliard follows. While on the run, God Hilliard comes back to his house and slowly walks to his room. Affected by God Almighty's power, as he enters his room, God Hilliard is therefore defeated in a challenge.

## Cast

* Timothy Carey as Clarence "God" Hilliard
* Gil Barretto as Alonzo, Clarence's 'faithful friend' and gardener
* Betty Rowland as Edna Hilliard, Clarence's wife
* James Farley as The Devil
* Gail Griffin as Betty Hilliard, Clarence's daughter
* Grace de Carolis as Clarence's mother
* Victor Floming as The Insurance Boss
* Ann Josephs as Secretary
* Jenny Sanches as The Old Lady in Church
* Paul Frees as The Snake (voice) / Narrator

## Release and reception

*The World's Greatest Sinner* debuted at the Vista Continental Theater in East Hollywood on January 30, 1963. Director Martin Scorsese is one of the film's supporters, having named it as one of his favorite rock and roll films. Musician Will Oldham has also championed the film, and selected it when invited to present a favorite film at the 2001 Maryland Film Festival.

## Production

According to Frank Zappa, *The World's Greatest Sinner* was shot in El Monte, California.

## Soundtrack

The film features a score composed by a young, pre-Mothers of Invention Frank Zappa. During a 1963 appearance on *The Steve Allen Show*, on which he generated musical sounds on bicycles, Zappa talked about scoring the soundtrack for *The World's Greatest Sinner*, which he called "the world's worst movie," even though the general public would not have the opportunity to see the film he was talking about for another 50 years. During the course of this same interview with Steve Allen, Zappa discusses how he recorded the soundtrack for this film in the Little Theatre, located at Chaffey College in Alta Loma, California, along with the plethora of instruments used.

Excerpts of *The World's Greatest Sinner*'s soundtrack were popular among certain bootleggers, and, subsequently, in 2009 were officially made available by Zappa Records on disc three of *Beat the Boots III*.

The film's title track and theme music, however, was eventually released by Donna Records as the B-side to the Baby Ray & The Ferns single "How's Your Bird?" in April 1963, with both songs being in turn later included on the compilation albums *Rare Meat: The Early Works of Frank Zappa* (1983) and *Cucamonga* (1998).

### Legacy

The influence of *The World's Greatest Sinner* on certain compositions in various later works, Mothers and non-Mothers, by Zappa can be felt in the reutilization of certain motifs from its soundtrack in such compositions as "Oh No" from *Lumpy Gravy* (1967) and *Weasels Ripped My Flesh* (1970), the second part of "Dog Breath" on *Uncle Meat* (1969), the *Meat Light* (2016) track "Blood Unit", and the *Burnt Weeny Sandwich* (1970) instrumentals "Overture To A Holiday In Berlin" and "Holiday In Berlin, Full-Blown". In turn, starting with its *One Size Fits All* (1975) incarnation, "Inca Roads" would borrow certain *The World's Greatest Sinner* motifs via the two "Holiday In Berlin" tracks to provide a transition from the guitar solo into the middle verse, motifs that are also quoted in "Strictly Genteel" from the film *200 Motels* (1971).

## InfoBox

| The World's Greatest Sinner | |
| --- | --- |
| Ad for initial Los Angeles engagement at the Vista Theatre | |
| Directed by | Timothy Carey |
| Written by | Timothy Carey |
| Produced by | Timothy Carey |
| Starring | Timothy Carey
Gil Barretto
Betty Rowland
James Farley
Gail Griffin |
| Cinematography | Frank Grande
Robert Shelfow
Raymond Steckler
Ove H. Sehested |
| Edited by | Carl Mahakian |
| Music by | Frank Zappa |
| Production
company | Frenzy Productions |
| Distributed by | Timothy Carey (original release)
Absolute Films (re-release) |
| Release date | * June 1962 (1962-06) |
| Running time | 82 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Pseudoblennius zonostigma

abstract: Pseudoblennius zonostigma is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species is found in the Pacific Ocean where it is found in shallow waters around southern Japan and Korea.

text:
# Pseudoblennius zonostigma

***Pseudoblennius zonostigma*** is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species is found in the Pacific Ocean where it is found in shallow waters around southern Japan and Korea.

## InfoBox

| *Pseudoblennius zonostigma* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Scorpaeniformes |
| Family: | Cottidae |
| Genus: | *Pseudoblennius* |
| Species: | ***P. zonostigma*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pseudoblennius zonostigma***<br>Jordan & Starks, 1904 | |
|


title: Thalia Theater (Hamburg)

abstract: The Thalia Theater is one of the three state-owned theatres in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded in 1843 by Charles Maurice Schwartzenberger and named after the muse Thalia. Today, it is home to one of Germany's most famous ensembles and stages around 9 new plays per season. Current theatre manager is Joachim Lux, who in 2009/10 succeeded Ulrich Khuon. In addition to its main building, located in the street Raboisen in the Altstadt quarter near the Binnenalster and Gerhart-Hauptmann-Platz in Hamburg's inner city, the theatre operates a smaller stage, used for experimental plays, the Thalia in der Gaußstraße, located in the borough of Altona.

text:
# Thalia Theater (Hamburg)

The **Thalia Theater** is one of the three state-owned theatres in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded in 1843 by Charles Maurice Schwartzenberger and named after the muse Thalia. Today, it is home to one of Germany's most famous ensembles and stages around 9 new plays per season. Current theatre manager is Joachim Lux, who in 2009/10 succeeded Ulrich Khuon.

In addition to its main building, located in the street *Raboisen* in the Altstadt quarter near the Binnenalster and Gerhart-Hauptmann-Platz in Hamburg's inner city, the theatre operates a smaller stage, used for experimental plays, the **Thalia in der Gaußstraße**, located in the borough of Altona.

## Plays

In October 1991 Ruth Berghaus directed Bertolt Brecht's *In The Jungle of Cities* (German: *Im Dickicht der Städte*) as part of a series of 'related texts', as she called them (which also included Büchner's *Danton's Death*).

### Performed by the ensemble in 2006

Thalia Theater Thalia in der Gaußstraße

Performed by the theatre's ensemble in 2006

* *Café Umberto* by Moritz Rinke
* *Zeit zu Lieben Zeit zu Sterben* by Fritz Kater
* *Dies ist kein Liebeslied* by Karen Duve
* *Das Ende vom Anfang* by Seán O'Casey
* *Antigone* by Sophocles
* *Liebesruh* by Jan Neumann
* *Bartleby, der Schreiber* by Herman Melville
* *Sauerstoff* by Iwan Wyrypajew
* *Norway.Today* by Igor Bauersima
* *WE ARE CAMERA/JASONMATERIAL* by Fritz Kater
* *Limited Edition: Das Wunder von St. Georg* by Peer Paul Gustavsson
* *Ware Liebe*
* *Hinter euren Zäunen*
* *Durchgebrannt* by Ursula Rani Sarma
* *Kick & Rush* by Andri Beyeler
* *Abalon, One Nite in Bangkok* by Fritz Kater
* *Z* by Nino Haratischwili
* *Mein Kampf* by George Tabori

## Criticism for pro-Russian activities

In 2022, during the Russian war against Ukraine, the theater drew strong criticism from the Ukrainian community of Germany for showing a play by the Russian playwright Kirill Serebrennikov which glamourizes the genocide, whitewashes Russian war crimes and equates the victims with the criminals.

* Meech, Tony. 1994. "Brecht's Early Plays." In Thomson and Sacks (1994, 43–55).
* Thomson, Peter and Glendyr Sacks, eds. 1994. *The Cambridge Companion to Brecht*. Cambridge Companions to Literature Ser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-41446-6.

53°33′10″N 9°59′49″E / 53.55278°N 9.99694°E / 53.55278; 9.99694

## InfoBox

Thalia Theater
| Thalia Theater front view. | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | Raboisen 67<br>Hamburg, Germany |
| Owner | Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg |
| Opened | 1843 |
| Website | |
| http://www.thalia-theater.de/ | |