title: Paul Bako

abstract: Gabor Paul Bako II is an American former professional baseball catcher. He is an example of a baseball "journeyman", having played for 11 different teams during his 12-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career. During his playing days, he was listed at 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) and 210 pounds (95 kg). Bako attended high school and college in his home state of Louisiana, winning two conference championships at the University of Southwest Louisiana. After reaching MLB with the American League's Detroit Tigers in 1998, Bako spent seven seasons in the National League, playing with six different teams. He returned to the American League with the Kansas City Royals and Baltimore Orioles, then played for the Cincinnati Reds and the Philadelphia Phillies for one season each.

text:
# Paul Bako

**Gabor Paul Bako II** (/ˈbɑːk/; born June 20, 1972) is an American former professional baseball catcher. He is an example of a baseball "journeyman", having played for 11 different teams during his 12-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career. During his playing days, he was listed at 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) and 210 pounds (95 kg).

Bako attended high school and college in his home state of Louisiana, winning two conference championships at the University of Southwest Louisiana. After reaching MLB with the American League's Detroit Tigers in 1998, Bako spent seven seasons in the National League, playing with six different teams. He returned to the American League with the Kansas City Royals and Baltimore Orioles, then played for the Cincinnati Reds and the Philadelphia Phillies for one season each.

## Baseball career

### High school and college

In 1990, Bako was drafted out of Lafayette High School—who later retired his number 6—with the ninth pick of the sixth round by the Cleveland Indians. He chose not to sign, and attended the University of Southwest Louisiana. In his college career, Bako caught for the Ragin' Cajuns during two consecutive conference championship seasons: 1991 in the American South Conference, when they finished with a 49–20 record, 14th-best among Division I squads; and 1992 in the Sun Belt Conference, when Southwestern Louisiana's pitching staff amassed a 3.50 earned run average, 29th-best in Division I. After the 1992 season, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Wareham Gatemen of the Cape Cod Baseball League. In 1993, he was named to the second team of the all-Sun Belt Conference baseball team, and was selected by the Cincinnati Reds in the fifth round of the 1993 June draft.

### Minor leagues

Bako began his professional career with the Pioneer Baseball League's Billings Mustangs, a rookie-league farm team of the Reds located in Montana. During the 1993 season, Bako amassed a .314 batting average, second-highest on the team that season behind Chris Sexton. Bako walked 22 times, stole 5 bases, and batted in 30 runs, while excelling defensively compared to the other catcher on the team. His fielding percentage was .988, and he posted only four errors that season. He was also named a Pioneer League All-Star.

Bako moved on to the high-A Winston-Salem Spirits in the Carolina League for the 1994 and 1995 seasons. He struggled during the 1994 season, batting only .204 with three home runs and 26 runs batted in (RBIs). 1995 was more successful, with an 81-point boost in batting average (.285), seven home runs and 11 doubles. After the season, Baseball America rated him the top-ranked catching prospect in the Reds farm system.

Bako's 1995 performance earned him a promotion to the Southern League's Chattanooga Lookouts, the Reds AA-level affiliate, for 1996, where he was named a Southern League All-Star. He was second on the team in strikeouts (93) and fifth among regulars with a .294 batting average. He hit a career-high eight home runs during that season, adding 27 doubles and 48 RBIs in 360 at bats. In 1997, playing for the Indianapolis Indians, Bako was a teammate of brothers Aaron and Bret Boone. That year, he batted .243 and matched his previous year's career-high home run total. He had 78 hits in 321 at-bats. Bako's game management earned him a reputation, even in the minor leagues. Brett Tomko, who played with Bako in the minors in 1996 as a member of the Lookouts and in 1997 with Indianapolis, recalled one of their mound conversations:

> *Bako:* Are you really trying out here?
> *Tomko:* What do you mean?
> *Bako:* Because your stuff is horrible today and if you don't try a little harder, you're not going to make it out of this inning.

On November 11, 1997, Bako was traded by the Reds to the Detroit Tigers in an offseason deal that included Donne Wall. After playing 13 games with the Tigers AAA-level affiliate—the Toledo Mud Hens—in 1998, Bako was called up to the Major League club.

### Major leagues

#### 1998–2000

Bako made his major league debut with the Tigers on April 30, 1998, going 0-for-4 with three strikeouts. His first Major League hit, a bases loaded double, came the next day off Bill Swift, when he went 2-for-5 against the Seattle Mariners in a 17–3 Tigers win. He hit his first major league home run on May 15 against the Oakland Athletics; it came off Mike Mohler in the bottom of the sixth inning with two runners (Damion Easley, Joe Randa) on base. He also went 4-for-4 against the New York Yankees on July 21. Bako's rookie season was arguably his most successful: he posted a .272 batting average, hit three home runs, batted in 30 runs, and collected 106 total bases. After the season, the Tigers traded Bako to the Houston Astros in a seven-player deal that included Brad Ausmus.

Because of his last name, Bako gained temporary distinction as one of the Astros' "Killer B's", which included first baseman Jeff Bagwell and second baseman Craig Biggio, two formidable veteran players who helped established the Astros as perennial playoff contenders in the 1990s and 2000s. In fact, journalist Dayn Perry jocosely noted the 1999 Astros, "in pursuit of arcane history, used eight players whose last names began with 'B.'" The eight included Bagwell, Bako, Glen Barker, Derek Bell, Sean Bergman, Lance Berkman, Biggio, and Tim Bogar.

Bako appeared in 73 games for the 1999 Astros; he got at least one hit in his first six games with Houston after beginning the season in the minor leagues, highlighted by a 3-for-4 performance on April 30, the anniversary of his debut. He added another 4-for-4 game to his résumé on July 29 against the Colorado Rockies. Bako hit .256 with two home runs, 17 RBIs, and 16 runs scored in the 1999 season; he was part of Houston's roster for the 1999 National League Division Series, but did not play. After one game for the Astros in 2000, Houston traded Bako to the Florida Marlins. He played his first game for Florida on April 13, going 0-for-4 with a strikeout. Bako played for the Marlins until July 20, batting .242 with 14 RBIs. He was waived on July 21 and claimed by the Atlanta Braves, one of the Marlins' division rivals. He batted .190 with the Braves and played in his first career game at first base in the last two months of the 2000 season.

#### 20012004

Bako remained with the Braves for the 2001 season, where he was the backup to Javy López. He batted .212, amassing the third-highest (20) walk total among Atlanta's bench players and batting in 15 runs. His top performances of the season were a 3-for-4 game against the Montréal Expos in August and a 2-for-3 night—with 2 walks—in October against Florida. Bako appeared in three games during the 2001 National League Division Series (NLDS), his first playoff appearances, and three more during the National League Championship Series (NLCS). In Game 3 of the NLDS, Bako went 2-for-2 with a two-run home run in the second inning; he also batted in a third run on a squeeze bunt in the fourth.

In a trade of catchers, the Braves acquired Henry Blanco from the Milwaukee Brewers in exchange for Bako and José Cabrera. Bako played in 87 games for the Brewers in 2002, his most extensive playing time since his rookie season; behind him, the team used four additional catchers. Bako batted .235 with four home runs for the season. His top performance of the year was against the Minnesota Twins in interleague play; Bako went 3-for-5 with a two-run home run in the top of the fourth inning and a bases-loaded single to drive in a third run.

After the 2002 season, Milwaukee traded Bako to the Chicago Cubs, where he spent two complete seasons; 2003 and 2004 were the only consecutive seasons that Bako spent with the same organization. Over his two years, he backed up Damian Miller and Michael Barrett, and was reunited with former Braves teammate Greg Maddux in 2004. In his first Chicago season, Bako batted .229 with 22 walks and 13 doubles; a 4-for-5 performance in his second game of the year was his best of the season. In that game, he batted three times against the Reds with the bases loaded, notching a triple, two singles and six RBIs. Bako batted only .203 for the Cubs in 2004. He hit one home run and eight doubles, displaying his defense with a .989 fielding percentage. His top performance that year was in the second game of a doubleheader against Florida, when he went 3-for-3 and batted in two runs.

#### 2005–2009

As a free agent, Bako signed with the Los Angeles Dodgers for the 2005 season. He batted .250 for the Dodgers in 13 games with two doubles and four RBIs. He backed up both Jason Phillips and Dioner Navarro in 2005, but underwent season-ending surgery on his anterior cruciate ligament in June of that season. The Dodgers granted Bako free agency after the season, and he signed with the Kansas City Royals in December 2005. After beginning the 2006 season in the minor leagues, Bako returned to the majors with the Royals, where he batted .209 backing up John Buck. He played in 60 games with the Baltimore Orioles in 2007, amassing five extra-base hits and batting .205. He tied for the highest total of walks off the Orioles bench and batted in eight runs for the season.

On February 1, 2008, Bako signed a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training with the Cincinnati Reds. At the end of spring training, he was added to the 40-man roster. Though he batted only .217, Bako appeared in a career-high 99 games in 2008, hitting six home runs and notching 35 RBIs. On January 30, 2009, the Chicago Cubs signed Bako to a one-year contract. However, he was unconditionally released near the end of spring training. On May 18, Bako signed a minor league deal with the Philadelphia Phillies, and was called up from the Reading Phillies to the Major League roster on June 9. He became the Phillies only backup catcher when the Phillies waived "folk hero" Chris Coste on July 10; Coste had broken into the big leagues for the first time with Philadelphia at age 33. The next day, Bako came to the plate in the bottom of the ninth inning against Pittsburgh Pirates closer Matt Capps with the score tied, 7–7; the Phillies had been behind by four runs before home runs by Matt Stairs and Ryan Howard tied the game. With the bases loaded, Bako hit a single through the left side of the infield, driving in the winning run (Raúl Ibañez) and sealing the Phillies fourth consecutive victory in a season-high ten-game winning streak. After the acquisition of starting pitcher Cliff Lee, Bako caught all of his first five starts with the Phillies, when Lee posted a 5–0 record and an 0.68 earned run average. Bako said, "With as many strikes as he throws and as many weapons as he has, it's a lot of fun to catch him." Manager Charlie Manuel, however, denied that Bako was scheduled to be Lee's personal catcher, as he had done for Maddux in 2001. "\[Bako\]'s  \[*sic*\] not his personal catcher... Of course you guys will write whatever you want to write. If you want him to be his personal catcher, go right ahead. But I'll handle it anyway, so it doesn't matter."

As the 2009 season wore on, regular catcher Carlos Ruiz spent some time recuperating from an injury, allowing Bako expanded playing time near the end of the season. From September 18 to 29, Bako played in all but one of the team's games; his best stretch was from September 24 through September 27, when he went 6-for-13 with two RBI over three games. He finished the year with a .224 batting average. After winning the National League East for the third consecutive year, the Phillies faced the Colorado Rockies in the National League Division Series, the Los Angeles Dodgers in the National League Championship Series, and the New York Yankees in the World Series; Bako did not appear in any games during the postseason. After the 2009 season, Bako filed for free agency; considered retirement, according to teammate Scott Eyre; and did not play during the 2010 season.

## After baseball

As of 2011, Bako was an equipment representative for the Marucci Bat Company, based in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He and former Orioles first baseman David Segui were part-owners of the company.

## Personal life

Bako lived in his hometown of Lafayette, Louisiana, during the offseason, with his wife, Laurie, and two children.

## InfoBox

| Paul Bako | |
| --- | --- |
| Bako with the Baltimore Orioles in 2007 | |
| **Catcher** | |
| **Born:**  (1972-06-20) June 20, 1972<br>Lafayette, Louisiana, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Left**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| April 30, 1998, for the Detroit Tigers | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| October 4, 2009, for the Philadelphia Phillies | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .231 |
| Home runs | 24 |
| Runs batted in | 195 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Paul Ballantyne

abstract: Paul Ballantyne was an American actor.

text:
# Paul Ballantyne

**Paul Ballantyne** (July 18, 1909  July 26, 1996) was an American actor.

## Early years

Ballantyne was born on July 18, 1909, in Moorhead, Iowa, His parents were James Carl Ballantyne and Inez Mae Adams. He attended high school in Lamoni, Iowa. He attended Sherwood Music School, from which he received his teaching certificate in 1931. He studied acting under Luella Canterbury in Chicago and served an apprenticeship under Eva Le Gallienne. Ballantyne served in the United States Army Infantry from 1940 through 1946; he achieved the rank of Major.

## Career

### Theatre

Ballantyne made his New York City theatre debut on December 12, 1932, playing the Eight of Hearts in a production of *Alice in Wonderland*. In 1934, he went on tour with a production of *The Dark Tower*. Ballantyne participated in the Federal Theatre Project from 1935 through 1937, appearing in *The Rivals*, *Everyman*, and *She Stoops to Conquer*. In 1939, he appeared in two original Broadway productions at the Lyceum Theatre: *Mrs. O'Brien Entertains* and *Brown Danube*. Other Broadway productions in which Ballantyne appeared include *The Unconquered*, *Love's Labour's Lost*, *Saint Joan*, and *The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui*. In 1963, he joined the Minnesota Theatre Company and performed with them through 1970.

### Film

In 1960, Ballantyne appeared in a television production of *The Tempest*. He also appeared on two televised theatrical anthology series: *Hallmark Hall of Fame* and *Play of the Week*, both in 1960. The following year he appeared in an episode of *Naked City*. In 1971, Ballantyne performed in *The Andromeda Strain*.

## Death

Ballantyne died 8 days after his 87th birthday


title: Patricia Todd

abstract: Patricia Todd is an American politician from Alabama. A Democrat, she was elected in November 2006 as a member of the Alabama House of Representatives representing District 54 in downtown Birmingham. She is the current First Vice Chair of the Alabama Democratic Party, and the first LGBTQ+ Vice Chair in state party history. She is currently the Human Rights Campaign Alabama State Director and is the first ever openly gay elected official in the state of Alabama. Formerly she was the associate director of AIDS Alabama. In May 2018, the One Orlando Alliance, an Orlando, Florida-based LGBTQ organization, revoked an offer to Todd to become their executive director after she suggested in a Twitter post that Alabama Governor Kay Ivey is a lesbian and should be outed. "Will someone out her for God’s sake. I have heard for years that she is gay and moved her girlfriend out of her house when she became Gov. I am sick of closeted elected officials." The chairwoman of One Orlando responded that Todd's comments were not aligned with their organization, that coming out was a personal choice and doesn't support involuntary outing. Todd, however, stood by her statement.

text:
# Patricia Todd

**Patricia Todd** (born July 25, 1955) is an American politician from Alabama. A Democrat, she was elected in November 2006 as a member of the Alabama House of Representatives representing District 54 in downtown Birmingham. She is the current First Vice Chair of the Alabama Democratic Party, and the first LGBTQ+ Vice Chair in state party history.

She is currently the Human Rights Campaign Alabama State Director and is the first ever openly gay elected official in the state of Alabama. Formerly she was the associate director of AIDS Alabama.

In May 2018, the One Orlando Alliance, an Orlando, Florida-based LGBTQ organization, revoked an offer to Todd to become their executive director after she suggested in a Twitter post that Alabama Governor Kay Ivey is a lesbian and should be outed. "Will someone out her for God’s sake. I have heard for years that she is gay and moved her girlfriend out of her house when she became Gov. I am sick of closeted elected officials." The chairwoman of One Orlando responded that Todd's comments were not aligned with their organization, that coming out was a personal choice and doesn't support involuntary outing. Todd, however, stood by her statement.

## Early life and career

Todd was born in Richmond, Kentucky, growing up there and earning a bachelor's degree from the University of Kentucky. She would later attend the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), earning a master's degree in public administration in 1994.

On moving to Alabama in 1986, Todd became the first executive director of Birmingham AIDS Outreach. She went on to work for other nonprofit organizations including the Alabama Humanities Foundation and the National Organization for Women. In 1998, she was appointed Director of Alumni Affairs at UAB.

## Political career

### 2006 election

When George Perdue announced that he would not seek re-election after more than two decades in the Alabama House, Todd decided to run for the District 54 seat. The district is overwhelmingly Democratic, and five Democrats filed for the open seat, including Todd. No Republicans ran.

A primary election took place on June 6, 2006, in which Todd placed first, with 33 percent of the vote. When no candidate wins more than half of the primary vote, Alabama law provides for a run-off election between the top two finishers. Todd would face Gaynell Hendricks, who had received 29 percent of the primary vote, in the run-off.

Todd narrowly won the Democratic primary run-off on July 18, 2006, by a margin of 59 votes – 1,173 to 1,114. Her run-off victory was challenged by her opponent's mother-in-law, who claimed that Todd had received "illegal votes" and had filed a campaign finance report late. That report contained information – a $25,000 contribution from the Gay & Lesbian Victory Fund and payments to two of her primary opponents – that opponents charged could have affected the outcome.

It was widely reported that the contest centered around the question of race. Todd is white, and the outgoing legislator, like the majority of the district, is black. Many of the state's African-American political leaders were apparently eager to keep the seat in black hands.

A sub-committee of the Alabama Democratic Party (ADP) met to decide the contest and voted 5–0 to disqualify both Todd and her opponent, on the basis of what the ADP Chairman Joe Turnham called an "archaic party by-law". The by-law had not only been superseded by the 1988 Fair Campaign Practices Act but had not been followed by any candidate running for any office since 1988, including candidates for governor. It also emerged that the by-law was in violation of the federal Voting Rights Act and may well actually have been repealed.

Following sustained pressure and newspaper editorials criticising the judgement, the State Democratic Executive Committee voted on 26 August to overturn the sub-committee's ruling by a vote of 95–87. According to press reports, the voting was "mostly along racial lines".

The challenge (like Todd's original victory) attracted national attention, making *The New York Times* and *The Washington Post*, among other publications. It is also reported that the Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, Gov. Howard Dean, took a close interest, making no fewer than eight telephone calls to the executive director of the Alabama Democratic Party during the morning of the appeal.

### In the legislature

In the legislature, Todd focused on issues surrounding poverty. She served on three committees: the committee on constitution and elections, the committee on boards and commissions and the committee on Jefferson County legislation.

### 2010 re-election

Patricia Todd was unopposed for re-election in 2010, with no Democrat or Republican running against her. She was re-elected to a second four-year term on November 2, 2010.

### 2014 re-election

Todd faced two opponents in the Democratic primary in June 2014, defeating them with 64% of the vote. She did not face a Republican opponent in November and was re-elected to a third term.

## InfoBox

| Patricia Todd | |
| --- | --- |
| Todd in 2015. | |
|  | |
| Vice Chair of the Alabama Democratic Party | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
November 2, 2019 | |
| Preceded by | Randy Kelley |
| Member of the Alabama House of Representatives
from the 54th district | |
| **In office**
November 8, 2006  November 7, 2018 | |
| Preceded by | George Perdue |
| Succeeded by | Neil Rafferty |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1955-07-25) July 25, 1955
Richmond, Kentucky |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Residence | Birmingham, Alabama |
| Alma mater | University of Kentucky
University of Alabama at Birmingham |
| Website | patriciatodd.info |
|  | |


abstract: The Patriot League women's soccer tournament is the conference championship tournament in college soccer for the Patriot League. The tournament has been held every year since 1991. It is a single-elimination tournament with seeding based on conference records and the regular-season champion hosting the semifinal and final matches. The field expanded from four to six teams when the league increased membership from eight to ten universities in 2013. The winner, declared conference champion, receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I women's soccer championship.

text:
# Patriot League women's soccer tournament

The **Patriot League women's soccer tournament** is the conference championship tournament in college soccer for the Patriot League. The tournament has been held every year since 1991. It is a single-elimination tournament with seeding based on conference records and the regular-season champion hosting the semifinal and final matches. The field expanded from four to six teams when the league increased membership from eight to ten universities in 2013. The winner, declared conference champion, receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I women's soccer championship.

## Champions

### Key

| (2) | Title number |
| --- | --- |
| * | Match went to extra time |
|  | Match decided by a penalty shootout after extra time |
| **Bold** | Winning team won **regular season** |

### By Year

Source:

| Year | Champion | Score | Runner-up | Site | MVP | Reference |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1991 | Colgate (1) | 4–2\*(OT) | Army | Clinton FieldWest Point, New York | Caroline Chambers, Colgate |  |
| 1992 | Colgate (2) | 3–1 | Army | | Christy Flicker, Colgate |  |
| 1993 | Army (1) | 5–4\*(OT) | Colgate | Varsity Field • Hamilton, New York | Tara Williams, Army |  |
| 1994 | **Colgate** (3) | 3–1 | Army | | Lindsay Barnett, Colgate |  |
| 1995 | Colgate (4) | 6–0 | Navy | West Field • Lewisburg, Pennsylvania | Jennifer Hughes, Colgate |  |
| 1996 | **Colgate** (5) | 3–2\*(OT) | Army | Varsity Field • Hamilton, New York | |  |
| 1997 | **Colgate** (6) | 4–1 | Army | | Molly Ryan, Colgate |  |
| 1998 | Colgate (7) | 1–0 | Navy | Dewey Field • Annapolis, Maryland | Angela Puliafico, Colgate |  |
| 1999 | **Colgate** (8) | 2–0 | Navy | Van Doren Field • Hamilton, New York | Andrea Licari, Colgate |  |
| 2000 | Holy Cross (1) | 1–0 | Colgate | | Colleen Cushing, Holy Cross |  |
| 2001 | Bucknell (1) | 2–1\*(OT) | Navy | Warner Facility • Annapolis, Maryland | Lauren Schwarz, Bucknell |  |
| 2002 | American (1) | 2–1 | Colgate | Clinton Field • West Point, New York | Anabel Jimenez, American |  |
| 2003 | Navy (1) | 4–1 | American | Reeves FieldWashington, D.C. | Amelia Sheveland, Navy |  |
| 2004 | **Colgate** (9) | 2–0 | Lehigh | Van Doren Field • Hamilton, New York | Kelly Kuss, Colgate |  |
| 2005 | Bucknell (2) | 3–1 | Army | Ulrich Complex • Bethlehem, Pennsylvania | Shannon Curd, Bucknell |  |
| 2006 | Navy (2) | 1–0 | Colgate | Varsity Soccer Field • Lewisburg, Pennsylvania | Shelly Moeller, Navy |  |
| 2007 | Navy (3) | 1–0 | Bucknell | | Brigtte Fox, Navy |  |
| 2008 | Army (2) | 1–0\*(2OT) | Navy | Warner Facility • Annapolis, Maryland | Sarah Goss, Army |  |
| 2009 | **Colgate** (10) | 1–0\*(2OT) | American | Van Doren Field • Hamilton, New York | Jillian Arnault, Colgate |  |
| 2010 | Lehigh (1) | 1–0 | Army | Clinton Field • West Point, New York | Lauren Mains, Lehigh |  |
| 2011 | Army (3) | 2–0 | Navy | Van Doren Field • Hamilton, New York | Joey Molacek, Army |  |
| 2012 | Colgate (11) | 1–0 | Navy | Glenn Warner Soccer Facility • Annapolis, Maryland | Ashley Walsh, Colgate |  |
| 2013 | Boston University (1) | 1–0 | Navy | | Andrea Green, Boston University |  |
| 2014 | Boston University (2) | 2–1 | Colgate | Beyer-Small '76 Field • Hamilton, New York | Kai Miller, Boston University |  |
| 2015 | **Boston University** (3) | 1–0 | Bucknell | Nickerson FieldBoston, Massachusetts | Clare Pleuler, Boston University |  |
| 2016 | **Bucknell** (3) | 2–1\*(2OT) | Boston University | Emmitt Field • Lewisburg, Pennsylvania | Cora Climo, Bucknell |  |
| 2017 | Bucknell (4) | 3–2 | Navy | Glenn Warner Soccer Facility • Annapolis, Maryland | Kendall Ham, Bucknell |  |
| 2018 | **Boston University** (4) | 1–0 | Lehigh | Nickerson Field • Boston, Massachusetts | Anna Heilferty, Boston University |  |
| 2019 | **Navy** (4) | 2–1 | Army | Glenn Warner Soccer Facility • Annapolis, Maryland | Carolyn Mang, Navy |  |
| 2020 | **Navy** (5) | 1–1†
(4–1 pen.) | Colgate | Beyer-Small '76 Field • Hamilton, New York | Kristina Dzhandzhapanyan, Navy |  |
| 2021 | Bucknell (5) | 1–0 | Boston University | Nickerson Field • Boston, Massachusetts | Teresa Deda, Bucknell |  |
| 2022 | Bucknell (6) | 0–0†
(3–1 pen.) | Army | Clinton Field • West Point, New York | Rylee Donaldson, Bucknell |  |
| 2023 | Bucknell (7) | 0–0†
(4–3 pen.) | Army | | Jenna Hall, Bucknell |  |

### By school

Source:

| School | Apps. | W | L | T | PCT | Finals | Championships | Title Years |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| American | 9 | 4 | 8 | 1 | .346 | 3 | 1 | 2002 |
| Army | 24 | 17 | 16 | 5 | .513 | 13 | 3 | 1993, 2008, 2011 |
| Boston University | 10 | 11 | 5 | 2 | .667 | 6 | 4 | 2013, 2014, 2015, 2018 |
| Bucknell | 23 | 12 | 15 | 4 | .452 | 9 | 7 | 2001, 2005, 2016, 2017,
2021, 2022, 2023 |
| Colgate | 29 | 28 | 15 | 4 | .638 | 17 | 11 | 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,
1998, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2012 |
| Holy Cross | 5 | 2 | 4 | 0 | .333 | 1 | 1 | 2000 |
| Lafayette | 8 | 1 | 7 | 0 | .125 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Lehigh | 12 | 6 | 8 | 2 | .438 | 3 | 1 | 2010 |
| Loyola (MD) | 6 | 1 | 4 | 2 | .286 | 0 | 0 |  |
| Navy | 25 | 19 | 19 | 1 | .500 | 14 | 5 | 2003, 2006, 2007, 2019, 2020 |

## InfoBox

| Patriot League women's soccer tournament | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference soccer championship | |
|  | |
| Sport | College soccer |
| Conference | Patriot League |
| Number of teams | 10 (league)
6 (tournament) |
| Format | Single-elimination tournament |
| Current stadium | Campus Sites |
| Played | 1991–present |
| Last contest | 2023 |
| Current champion | Bucknell |
| Most championships | Colgate (11) |
| TV partner(s) | ESPN+ |
| Official website | patriotleague.org/wsoc |


title: Deeg

abstract: Deeg is an ancient historical city in Deeg district of Rajasthan, India. It is carved out from its former district bharatpur on 7 August 2023. It is situated 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of Bharatpur and 98 kilometres (61 mi) northwest of Agra. In Hindu mythology, Deeg was situated along the parikrama path of Krishna, which started at Goverdhan, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Deeg. Some people identify it as the ancient town of "Dirgha" or "Dirghapur" mentioned in the epic Skanda Purana. Deeg was the first capital of the Sinsinwar Hindu Jat state of Bharatpur, when Maharaja Badan Singh was proclaimed its ruler in 1722. In 1730, Maharaja Suraj Mal built the strong fortress of Deeg. After Suraj Mal moved the capital to Bharatpur, Deeg became the second capital of the rulers of Bharatpur princely state. It is known for its number of forts, palaces, gardens and fountains.

text:
# Deeg

**Deeg** is an ancient historical city in Deeg district of Rajasthan, India. It is carved out from its former district bharatpur on 7 August 2023. It is situated 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of Bharatpur and 98 kilometres (61 mi) northwest of Agra.

In Hindu mythology, Deeg was situated along the *parikrama* path of Krishna, which started at Goverdhan, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Deeg. Some people identify it as the ancient town of "Dirgha" or "Dirghapur" mentioned in the epic *Skanda Purana*. Deeg was the first capital of the Sinsinwar Hindu Jat state of Bharatpur, when Maharaja Badan Singh was proclaimed its ruler in 1722. In 1730, Maharaja Suraj Mal built the strong fortress of Deeg. After Suraj Mal moved the capital to Bharatpur, Deeg became the second capital of the rulers of Bharatpur princely state. It is known for its number of forts, palaces, gardens and fountains.

## Deeg in films

Some scenes of Noorjehan (1967) were shot in Deeg Palace, as does Mughal-e-Azam. The same is true for Siddhartha (1972), an Indo-American drama mystery film based on the 1922 novel of the same name by Hermann Hesse. Siddhartha also has some scenes in Bharatpur's Keoladeo National Park.

## Geography

**Deeg Palace** is a Palace in Deeg & 32 km from city of Bharatpur in Deeg District in Rajasthan, India. It is built in 1772 as a luxurious summer resort for the rulers of Bharatpur State. The palace was in active use till the early 1970s. **Deeg Palace** is the only palace of Hindu style in the whole of North India.

Deeg is located at 27°28′N 77°20′E / 27.47°N 77.33°E / 27.47; 77.33. It has an average elevation of 174 m (571 ft).

## History

After acquiring the throne, Maharaja Badan Singh chose Deeg as the place for his stronghold and capital. Hence, he initiated the construction of the Deeg Palace here. Being the capital of the Jat rulers and located at a distance of just about 32 km from Bharatpur, his palace served as a summer mansion for the royal family. He became the founder of Jat House in Bharatpur and under his reign, the place gained immense prosperity and urbanisation. In fact, Maharaja Surajmal, son of Badan Singh is often hailed as the hero of the Jat dynasty. Owing to its great location, architectural beauty and grandeur, the palace caught the attention of many dynasties and almost constantly under the threat from Mughals. Hence, in order to protect the stunning Deeg Palace against the attack from invader, Maharaja Suraj Mal ordered the construction of a mighty fortress around the palace.

During 1804, both the Battle of Deeg and the Siege of Deeg brought the British East India Company into conflict with Bharatpur's Jat rulers and their Maratha allies for control of the area.

## Architecture

The palace complex together with its water gardens was a summer retreat for the maharajas of Bharatpur. The layout comprises several palaces called Bhawans, interwoven within series of charbaghs and water gardens. The major Bhawans are Gopal Bhawan, Divan I Khas or the Kishan Bhawan, Wrestling palace or Nand Bhawan, Keshav Bhawan, Hardev Bhawan, Suraj Bhawan and symmetrically arranged twin pavilions of Sawan & Bhadon.

**"Deeg and Delhi were at that time the center of equal beauty and trade, Deeg was the first class among the protected places of fortifications of India."**

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Deeg had a population of 44,999. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Deeg has an average literacy rate of 75.61%, higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 85.73% and, female literacy is 64.23%. In Deeg, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Sex ratio of Deeg is 886

## Attractions and festivals

* Deeg Palace with its 900 fountains, which operate twice a year during Braj Holi festival in February/ March and the *Avamasaya* festival in September. There is a Jawahar exhibition fair is held every year around September. The Deeg Palace museum is closed on Fridays.
* Deeg fort is known for its security and force. The Deeg fort is designed as a square and stands on a slightly elevated ground. Its walls are made of rubble and mud and are strengthened with twelve imposing towers, which are the most impressive features of the Deeg fort. The largest tower is known as Lakha-Burj that is located in the North West corner. These towers were fixed with cannons to hunt down any advancing enemy. The entire Deeg fort is surrounded by a shallow wide moat to which access is possible through a bridge on the northern side linked with the only gate. The gateway to the fort is confined with anti elephant strikes. A partially ruined palace or haveli is the principal building of Deeg fort. Some parts of the palace have been re-constructed in the 20th century almost like the original. The palace has a court covered by compartments. The use of red sandstones and pointed arch of the palace is remarkable. The other significant structures of the fort include certain underground chambers, the tomb of Muhammad Shafi, a Mughal Mir bakhshi.

## InfoBox

| Deeg | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Deeg Palace or Jal Mahal Deeg in Deeg, Rajasthan | |
| Deeg Fort in Deeg, Rajasthan | |
| DeegLocation in Rajasthan, India | |
| Coordinates: 27°28′N 77°20′E / 27.47°N 77.33°E / 27.47; 77.33 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Rajasthan |
| District | Deeg |
| Founded by | Badan Singh |
| Government | |
| Type | Municipal Council |
| Body | Deeg Municipal Council |
| Elevation | 174 m (571 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| City | 44,999 |
| Urban | 44,999 |
| Rural | 181,711 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Hindi, Rajasthani, Braj Bhasa |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | RJ05 |
| Website | https://deeg.rajasthan.gov.in/home/dptHome |


title: Pneuma (song)

abstract: "Pneuma" is a song by American rock band Tool, released as the second single from their fifth studio album Fear Inoculum on April 4, 2020. It peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Songs chart.

text:
# Pneuma (song)

"**Pneuma**" is a song by American rock band Tool, released as the second single from their fifth studio album *Fear Inoculum* on April 4, 2020. It peaked at number 15 on the *Billboard* Mainstream Rock Songs chart.

## Background

The song was first released on the band's fifth studio album, *Fear Inoculum* on August 30, 2019; it was not a song that had been teased or played live prior to the album's release. It was first performed live in mid-October of the same year at the Aftershock Festival. The song was released as the second single from the album in early 2020, and spent twenty weeks on the *Billboard* Mainstream Rock Songs chart, peaking at number 15.

Band members gave the song particular attention, with publications noting members releasing extra footage of the song, including a specific "drummer-cam" video of drummer Danny Carey performing his parts of the song, and guitarist Adam Jones releasing a guitar-tutorial on how to play the last verse's guitar riff. This was considered rare, with the band usually being cryptic and generally withholding information from the public.

## Composition and themes

The song was described as having a mellow start that builds in intensity over the course of its eleven-minute playtime. The track has multiple lengthy instrumental interludes, some parts focusing on drumming, others on guitar parts. It was described as "atmospheric" and "trippy", while containing "middle-eastern" styled drumming. Jones describes the song's guitar part as "not difficult to play, but very satisfying". He also noted that Justin Chancellor's bass riff "stays on the original \[guitar\] riff so there are some nice little conflicting moments between the two parts".

Thematically, the song is titled after the Greek term for spirit or soul, pneuma, and contains many allusions to "breathing".

## Reception

The song was noted as a standout track from the *Fear Inoculum* album. *Revolver* described Danny Carey's drumming on the track as "jaw-dropping" and "almost supernatural". Metal Injection praised Carey's performance as "absolutely slaying". Loudwire noted the song had become a favorite among the band's fanbase as well.

## Personnel

## Charts

Chart performance for "Pneuma"
| Chart (2020) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 78 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 84 |
| UK Rock & Metal (OCC) | 8 |
| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (*Billboard*) | 4 |
| US Rock Airplay (*Billboard*) | 31 |

## InfoBox

| "Pneuma" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Tool | |
| from the album  *Fear Inoculum* | |
| Released | April 4, 2020 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 11:53 |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Joe Barresi |
| Tool singles chronology | |
| "Fear Inoculum"
(2019) "**Pneuma**"
(2020) "Opiate²"
(2022) | |


title: Tada-U Township

abstract: Tada-U Township is a township of Kyaukse District in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar (Burma). Tada-U Township's urban area is sub-divided into 3 wards; while Tada-U Township's rural area is sub-divided into 61 village-tracts, which are further sub-divided into 164 villages.

text:
# Tada-U Township

**Tada-U Township** is a township of Kyaukse District in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar (Burma).

Tada-U Township's urban area is sub-divided into 3 wards; while Tada-U Township's rural area is sub-divided into 61 village-tracts, which are further sub-divided into 164 villages.

## Village tracts

1. Gwaykone
2. Hta Naung Kaing
3. Zee Kang
4. Thabyegan
5. Taungbyone
6. Kangyi
7. Thaman
8. Thedaw
9. Gaungkwe
10. Myaengu
11. Chaungkwa
12. Myinthe
13. Pyukan
14. Hantharwaddy
15. Zaygyo
16. Zaga-in
17. Zaga-te
18. Zaba twin
19. Aung Thar
20. Myinsaing

## InfoBox

| Tada-U Township | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
|  | |
| Location in Kyaukse district | |
| Tada-U Township | |
| Coordinates: 21°49′08″N 95°58′25″E / 21.81889°N 95.97361°E / 21.81889; 95.97361 | |
| Country | Myanmar (Burma) |
| Region | Mandalay Region |
| District | Kyaukse District |
| Capital | Tada-U |
| Government | |
| Type | Township Municipal |
| NLD | Thiha Aung |
| Area | |
| Total | 140.54 sq mi (363.99 km2) |
| Elevation | 200 ft (60 m) |
| Population (2014) | |
| Total | 138,617 |
| Density | 990/sq mi (380/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+6:30 (MMT) |


title: Jung Eun-woo

abstract: Jung Eun-woo is a South Korean actor. He has starred in television dramas such as One Well-Raised Daughter (2013-2014) and The Return of Hwang Geum-bok (2015).

text:
# Jung Eun-woo

**Jung Eun-woo** (born Jung Dong-jin on April 10, 1986) is a South Korean actor. He has starred in television dramas such as *One Well-Raised Daughter* (2013-2014) and *The Return of Hwang Geum-bok* (2015).

## Personal life

Jang dated actress Park Han-byul.

## Filmography

### Television series

| Year | Title | Role | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | *Drama City* "A Parting More Beautiful Than Love" | Kang-ho | KBS2 |
| | *Sharp 3* | Uhm Sung-min | |
| | *Fireworks* |  | MBC |
| 2007 | *H.I.T* | | Kim Il-joo |
| 2010 | *The Slave Hunters* | Warrior | KBS2 |
| | *A Man Called God* | Son Chul | MBC |
| | *Smart Action* | Tae-ho | KBS World |
| 2011 | *Smile Again* | Kim Sun-woo | KBS1 |
| | *Bride of the Sun* | Choi Jin-hyuk/James | SBS |
| 2012 | *Five Fingers* | | Hong Woo-jin |
| 2013 | *Stranger* | | Lee Young-ho |
| | *KBS Drama Special* "Outlasting Happiness" | Joon-ki | KBS2 |
| | *One Well-Raised Daughter* | Seol Do-hyun | SBS |
| 2014 | *KBS Drama Special* "The Tale of the Bookworm" | Cheong Joon | KBS2 |
| 2015 | *My Heart Twinkle Twinkle* | Gu Kwan-mo | SBS |
| | *The Return of Hwang Geum-bok* | Kang Moon-hyuk | |
| 2018 | *My Only One* | Wang Yi-ryook | KBS2 |
| 2019 | *Welcome to Waikiki 2* | Min-seok | jTBC |
|

### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | *My Tutor Friend 2* | Jung Woo-sung's friend |
| 2010 | *Me, Neither* (short film) |  |
| | *Romantic Debtors* | Sang-hyuk |
| 2013 | *Mischange* | Jo Hyun-goo |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | Andre Kim Best Star Awards | New Star Award |  | Won |
| 2012 | SBS Drama Awards | New Star Award | *Five Fingers* | Won |
| 2013 | SBS Drama Awards | Best Actor in a Drama Short | *Stranger* | Won |

## InfoBox

| Jung Eun-woo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Jung Dong-jin
(1986-04-10) April 10, 1986
Incheon, South Korea |
| Education | Dongguk University \- Theater and Film |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 2006–present |
| Agent | Blue Dragon Entertainment |
|  | |
|  | |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 정은우 |
| Revised Romanization | *Jeong Eun-u* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Chŏng Ŭnu* |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 정동진 |
| Revised Romanization | *Jeong Dong-jin* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Chŏng Tongjin* |


title: Shafferograptis

abstract: Shafferograptis is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tortricidae. It contains only one species, Shafferograptis michaeli, which is found in western Malaysia and Brunei. The habitat consists of lowland dipterocarp forests. The wingspan is about 11 mm.

text:
# Shafferograptis

***Shafferograptis*** is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tortricidae. It contains only one species, ***Shafferograptis michaeli***, which is found in western Malaysia and Brunei. The habitat consists of lowland dipterocarp forests.

The wingspan is about 11 mm.

## Etymology

The genus name and species name honour Michael Shaffer, former curator at the Natural History Museum, London.

## InfoBox

| ***Shafferograptis*** | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Tribe: | Tortricini |
| Genus: | *Shafferograptis*
Tuck & Razowski, 2012 |
| Species: | ***S. michaeli*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Shafferograptis michaeli***
Tuck & Razowski, 2012 | |
|


title: Port Orange, New York

abstract: Port Orange is a hamlet in Deerpark, Orange County, New York, United States.

text:
# Port Orange, New York

**Port Orange** is a hamlet in Deerpark, Orange County, New York, United States.

## InfoBox

| Port Orange | |
| --- | --- |
| Hamlet | |
| Coordinates: 41°29′13″N 74°34′30″W / 41.487°N 74.575°W / 41.487; -74.575 | |
| Country | United States of America |
| State | New York |
| County | Orange County |
| Town | Deerpark |


title: Poston, South Carolina

abstract: Poston is an unincorporated community in Florence County, South Carolina, United States. It is located adjacent to South Carolina Highway 51 and U.S. Route 378. The Andrews Subdivision railroad line runs through Poston. The community is flanked by the Great Pee Dee River, and possesses a landing on the river which is partially managed by the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources.

text:
# Poston, South Carolina

**Poston** is an unincorporated community in Florence County, South Carolina, United States. It is located adjacent to South Carolina Highway 51 and U.S. Route 378. The Andrews Subdivision railroad line runs through Poston. The community is flanked by the Great Pee Dee River, and possesses a landing on the river which is partially managed by the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources.

## History

Poston was originally known as **Ellison** and functioned as a river port on the Great Pee Dee. The name of the hamlet evolved over time as members of the Poston family, headed by brothers John and Andrew who moved to the region from Buncombe County, North Carolina, began to proliferate the area (formerly part of Marion County). The community was eventually absorbed by Florence County due to issues with transportation between Poston and the county seat of Marion County.

In 1914, the locale gained a railroad junction which spurred great economic growth through the creation of new businesses and jobs. However, locals took issue with the idea of a planned repair store in the area. This stopped Poston from growing further, and following the death of Andrew Poston, the community lost its original railroad line and fell into sharp decline.

1. "Poston, South Carolina". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
2. "CSX Florence Division Timetable" (PDF). January 1, 2008. p. 23. Retrieved October 4, 2022  via multimodalways.org.
3. "Node: Poston (157610927)". *OpenStreetMap*. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
4. "Florence County Comprehensive Plan – Community Facilities" (PDF). 2009. p. 20. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
5. Anderson, Thom. "Poston once lively town in Florence County". *SCNow*. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
6. "A Poston Family of South Carolina" (PDF). 1965. p. 9. Retrieved October 4, 2022  via seekingmyroots.com.

## InfoBox

| Poston, South Carolina | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Poston, South CarolinaLocation of Poston in South CarolinaPoston, South CarolinaPoston, South Carolina (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 33°52′25.59″N 79°25′34.20″W / 33.8737750°N 79.4261667°W / 33.8737750; -79.4261667 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Carolina |
| County | Florence |
| Elevation | 69 ft (21 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Central (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| FIPS code | 01-45041 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1225649 |


title: Premios Oye! 2010

text:
# Premios Oye! 2010

The 9th Annual Premios Oye! took place at the new Auditorio Banamex in Monterrey, Nuevo León on November 4, 2010. The nominees were announced on September 3 with Alejandro Fernández receiving 8 nominations. The voting process is certified by PricewaterhouseCoopers.

## Performers

## Presenters

## Nominees and Winners

Winners in **Bold**

## General Field

### Spanish Album of the Year

### Spanish Record of the Year

### Spanish Breakthrough of the Year

## Pop Field

### Best Male Pop

### Best Female Pop

### Best Pop Solo or Duo/Group

## Rock Field

### Best Rock Solo or Duo/Group

## English

### English Album of the Year

### English Record of the Year

### English Breakthrough of the Year

* ***Indispensable* — Ángel Fresnillo**
* *Up! Norteño* — Grupo Pisteador
* *Evolución Total* — Payabrothers
* *Con Ganas De Ti* — Selecto

### Best Norteño Solo or Duo/Group

### Best Grupero Solo or Duo/Group

* *Empaca Tus Cosas*Conjunto Primavera
* *Pienso En Ti* — Grupo Laberinto
* *Momentos Y Coincidencias* — La Firma
* *Raíces* — Liberación
* ***Cuando Amar Duele*Víctor García**

### Best Ranchero Solo or Duo/Group

### Best Banda/Duranguense Solo or Duo/Group

### Best Tropical Solo or Duo/Group

* *Embrujados de Amor y Cumbia* — Aarón Y Su Grupo Ilusión
* *Rompiendo Cadenas*Ana Bárbara
* ***The Last*Aventura**
* *Sin Fecha De Caducidad*Celso Piña
* *Me Quedo Contigo* — Margarita 'La Diosa De La Cumbia'

## Video

### Spanish Video of the Year

Tie between Alejandra Guzmán & Alejandro Fernández.

## Theme from a Telenovela, Movie or T.V. Series

### Spanish Theme of the year

## Audience Award

* **Alejandro Fernández**

## Best Song with a Message

## Tribute to the artistic

## Special Tribute

## InfoBox

| 9th Gala Premios Oye! | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | November 4, 2010 |
| Location | Auditorio Banamex, Monterrey, Nuevo León |
| Hosted by | Yuri and Javier Poza |
| Television/radio coverage | |
| Network | Televisa |
|


title: Pratley Putty

abstract: Pratley Putty is an epoxy putty adhesive. It was invented in the 1960s by South African George Montague Pratley, with the assistance of chemist Frank Robinson. It is produced by adhesive manufacturer Pratley.

text:
# Pratley Putty

**Pratley Putty** is an epoxy putty adhesive. It was invented in the 1960s by South African George Montague Pratley, with the assistance of chemist Frank Robinson. It is produced by adhesive manufacturer Pratley.

## History

According to the manufacturer's official history, "The product was developed as an insulator and also as an adhesive agent for fixing brass terminals which were located inside cast iron junction boxes". As time went by, many other uses were found for the putty, which enabled it to penetrate both the consumer, industrial, and mining markets.

This versatile epoxy putty, originally called "Pratley Plastic Putty", was the first of its kind in the world and was used on the Ranger spacecraft that went to the moon in the mid 1960s. This earned the product the distinction of being the only South African product to have gone to the moon. It has also been used on a repair job for the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. In South Africa, the holes in two partially sunken ships were repaired with Pratley Putty, which can also cure under water.

In 2019 Pratley Putty became a part of the SA Mint's "South African inventions" commemorative coin series, commemorating its use in space.

Today the company also produces a fast-curing version of Pratley Putty called Pratley Quickset® Putty as well as a metallic-looking version called Pratley Steel Putty. Other products produced are epoxy, acrylic, cyanoacrylate, silicone, anaerobic and proprietary hybrid adhesives.

Official website

## InfoBox

Pratley Putty
| Product type | Epoxy adhesive |
| --- | --- |
| Owner | Pratley, South Africa |
| Produced by | Pratley, South Africa |
| Introduced | 1960s |
| Website | www.pratley.com |


title: Pothyne pseudolaosensis

abstract: Pothyne pseudolaosensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1977.

text:
# Pothyne pseudolaosensis

***Pothyne pseudolaosensis*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1977.

## InfoBox

| *Pothyne pseudolaosensis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Pothyne* |
| Species: | ***P. pseudolaosensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pothyne pseudolaosensis***<br>Breuning, 1977 | |
|


title: Pothyne pauloplicata

abstract: Pothyne pauloplicata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Pic in 1934.

text:
# Pothyne pauloplicata

***Pothyne pauloplicata*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Pic in 1934.

## InfoBox

| *Pothyne pauloplicata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Pothyne* |
| Species: | ***P. pauloplicata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pothyne pauloplicata***<br>Pic, 1934 | |
|


title: Pothyne philippinica

abstract: Pothyne philippinica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1940.

text:
# Pothyne philippinica

***Pothyne philippinica*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1940.

## InfoBox

| *Pothyne philippinica* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Pothyne* |
| Species: | ***P. philippinica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pothyne philippinica***<br>Breuning, 1940 | |
|


title: Presto, Pennsylvania

abstract: Presto is an unincorporated community in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Chartiers Creek, 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Pittsburgh. Presto has a post office, with ZIP code 15142, which opened on March 3, 1903. Thoms Run, a tributary of Chartiers Creek, has its confluence here.

text:
# Presto, Pennsylvania

**Presto** is an unincorporated community in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Chartiers Creek, 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Pittsburgh. Presto has a post office, with ZIP code 15142, which opened on March 3, 1903. Thoms Run, a tributary of Chartiers Creek, has its confluence here.

## InfoBox

| Presto, Pennsylvania | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Presto | |
| Coordinates: 40°22′25″N 80°07′04″W / 40.37361°N 80.11778°W / 40.37361; -80.11778 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Pennsylvania |
| County | Allegheny |
| Elevation | 823 ft (251 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 15142 |
| Area code | 412 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1184397 |


title: Prakashraopeta

abstract: Prakashraopeta is a neighborhood in the city of Visakhapatnam, India. It is one of the important neighborhood in Visakhapatnam city. It is under the administration of Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation and have so many commercial shops including District Court of Visakhapatnam.

text:
# Prakashraopeta

**Prakashraopeta** is a neighborhood in the city of Visakhapatnam, India. It is one of the important neighborhood in Visakhapatnam city. It is under the administration of Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation and have so many commercial shops including District Court of Visakhapatnam.

1. "information". *Vizagcustoms cdma*. 29 June 2015. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
2. "about". *Visakhapatnam cdma*. 21 July 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2018.

## InfoBox

| Prakashraopeta | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| PrakashraopetaLocation in Visakhapatnam | |
| Coordinates: 17°43′01″N 83°18′13″E / 17.716895°N 83.303593°E / 17.716895; 83.303593 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| District | Visakhapatnam |
| Founded by | Government of Andhra Pradesh |
| Government | |
| Type | Mayor-council |
| Body | GVMC |
| Languages | |
| Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 530020 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Visakhapatnam |


abstract: The president of the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia commonly known as the president of the Chamber is the highest authority of the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia. The office was established in 1811 by the First National Congress of Colombia. It is third on the presidential line of succession after the vice president and the president of the senate. The office is currently held by Jaime Salamanca of the Green Alliance He was elected on 20 July 2024.

text:
# President of the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia

The **president of the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia** commonly known as the **president of the Chamber** is the highest authority of the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia. The office was established in 1811 by the First National Congress of Colombia.

It is third on the presidential line of succession after the vice president and the president of the senate.

The office is currently held by Jaime Salamanca of the Green Alliance He was elected on 20 July 2024.

## InfoBox

| President of the Chamber of Representatives | |
| --- | --- |
| Seal of the Chamber of Representatives | |
| Flag of Colombia | |
| Incumbent
Jaime Salamanca
since 20 July 2024 | |
| Chamber of Representatives of Colombia | |
| Style |  |
| Status | Presiding officer |
| Seat | National Capitol, Bogota |
| Nominator | Major parties (normally) |
| Appointer | Chamber of Representatives |
| Term length | One legislative year |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of Colombia |
| Formation | 20 July 1882 (1882-07-20) |
| First holder | Pedro Gual Escandon |
| Deputy | First Vice President
Second Vice President |


title: Prince Karl Franz of Prussia

abstract: Prince Karl Franz Josef Wilhelm Friedrich Eduard Paul of Prussia was the only child of Prince Joachim of Prussia and Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt. He was also the grandson of Wilhelm II, German Emperor.

text:
# Prince Karl Franz of Prussia

**Prince Karl Franz Josef Wilhelm Friedrich Eduard Paul of Prussia** (15 December 1916 – 23 January 1975) was the only child of Prince Joachim of Prussia and Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt. He was also the grandson of Wilhelm II, German Emperor.

## Early life

Prince Karl Franz was born on 15 December 1916 in Potsdam. He was the only child born to Prince Joachim of Prussia and Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt and was the Emperor's fourth grandchild to be born since World War I began; he was consequently very young when Hohenzollern fortunes fell. His grandfather abdicated in 1918, and his father, Prince Joachim, committed suicide in 1920. At the time of his grandfather's abdication, Prince Karl Franz was twelfth in line of succession to the German and Prussian thrones.

After his father's suicide, Karl Franz was taken into custody by his paternal uncle, Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia. As the legal head of the House of Hohenzollern, he claimed this right because Emperor Wilhelm had issued an edict placing Hohenzollern powers in Eitel's hands. This was later declared to have been illegal, and his mother was given full custody of him in 1921. She was given this right despite the fact that she had run away from her husband and that there had been numerous servants testifying against her. Eitel's defence had also stated that Marie-Auguste was not a fit person for Karl Franz's guardianship. Marie-Auguste went to court however and made a plea that she was heartbroken, which may have helped win the case for her.

In 1922, Marie-Auguste sued ex-Emperor Wilhelm for financial support that had been promised in her and Joachim's marriage contract. Wilhelm's attorney argued that the House of Hohenzollern laws were no longer valid, and therefore there was no obligation to support her.

In 1926, his mother remarried to Johannes-Michael, Baron von Loën. They were divorced in 1935.

In World War II, Karl Franz served as a lieutenant in an armoured car division, and at one point was stationed on the Polish front. He was awarded the Iron Cross.

## Marriages

### First

On 1 October 1940, Karl Franz married Princess Henriette Hermine Wanda Ida Luise of Schönaich-Carolath. She was the daughter of Princess Hermine Reuss of Greiz, who had been the second wife of Karl Franz's grandfather Emperor Wilhelm II since 1922 (Henriette was thus Kaiser Wilhelm's stepdaughter). Held at Wilhelm's private residence without much ceremony, he and Hermine attended the ceremony, as did a few other guests. The Mayor of Doorn performed the ceremony.

They had three sons:

* Prince Franz Wilhelm Viktor Christoph Stephan of Prussia (born 3 September 1943), married on 4 September 1976 (civilly) and 22 September 1976 (religiously) a claimant to the Russian throne Maria Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess of Russia. Their child is Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia, Prince of Prussia (born 13 March 1981). Franz Wilhelm married secondly on 14 March 2019 to Nadia Nour El Etreby (born 2 August 1949), with no issue.
* Prince Friedrich Christian Ludwig of Prussia (3 September 1943 – 26 September 1943)
* Prince Franz-Friedrich of Prussia (born 17 October 1944), firstly married in 1970 to Gudrun Winkler (born 29 January 1949) and had one daughter, Christine Prinzessin von Preussen (born 22 February 1968); they later divorced in 1996. He married secondly in 1998 to Potsdam politician and former pianist Susann Genske (born 12 January 1964), with no issue.

They divorced on 5 September 1946.

### Second

Karl Franz married secondly, on 9 November 1946, to Luise Dora Hartmann (5 September 1909 Hamburg, Germany – 23 April 1961 Hamburg, Germany). Their marriage was childless and the couple divorced in 1959.

### Third

Karl Franz married lastly, on 20 July 1959 in Lima, Peru, Eva Maria Herrera y Valdeavellano (10 June 1922 Lima, Peru – 6 March 1987 Lima, Peru). They were married until Prince Karl's death and had two daughters:

* Alexandra Maria Augusta Juana Consuelo Prinzessin von Preußen (born 29 April 1960 Lima, Peru). She married Dr. Alberto Reboa in October 1995 in Hechingen, Germany. They have two children (Alberto and Alexandra).
* Désirée Anastasia Maria Benedicta Prinzessin von Preußen (born 13 July 1961 Lima, Peru). She married Juan Carlos Gamarra y Skeels, Ambassador of Peru to Switzerland, to the Holy See, then to the United Kingdom, on 25 May 1983 at Lima, Peru. They have two children (Juan Francisco and Ines Sofia).

## Ancestry

## InfoBox

| Prince Karl Franz of Prussia | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1916-12-15)15 December 1916
Potsdam, German Empire |
| Died | 23 January 1975(1975-01-23) (aged 58)
Arica, Chile |
| Burial | 25 January 1975
Fürstenfriedhof Maria-Zell, Hechingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany |
| Spouse | * Princess Henriette of Schönaich-Carolath  (m. 1940; div. 1946) * Luise Dora Hartmann  (m. 1946; div. 1959) * Eva Maria Herrera y Valdeavellano  (m. 1959) |
| Issue | Prince Franz Wilhelm
Prince Friedrich Christian
Prince Franz Friedrich
Princess Alexandra Maria, Mrs. Reboa
Princess Désirée Anastasia, Mrs. Gamarra |
| Names  German: *Karl Franz Josef Wilhelm Friedrich Eduard Paul* | |
| House | Hohenzollern |
| Father | Prince Joachim of Prussia |
| Mother | Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt |
|  | |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance | Nazi Germany |
| Service | German Army |
| Years of service | 1939–1945 |
| Rank | Oberleutnant |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
|  | |


title: Presto! Recording Studios

abstract: Presto! Recording Studios is located in Lincoln, Nebraska, and run by brothers Mike Mogis and A.J. Mogis. The studio began in the brothers' North Platte, Nebraska basement and around 1995 moved to the basement of a Lincoln home. First known as Whoopass Recording Studio, the name was later changed to Dead Space Recording. When the brothers moved the studio to its current downtown Lincoln location, they found a vintage Presto brand vinyl recorder left behind by the studio's former occupant, from which the current name was taken. Because of Lincoln's plan to dismantle most of the streets around the facility in the distant future, Mike Mogis is planning to relocate Presto! Studios to a 5,000-square-foot (460 m⁲) indoor basketball court in Omaha, Nebraska. The new studio will be co-owned by Mike Mogis and Conor Oberst. A.J. Mogis has not yet decided if he will be involved.

text:
# Presto! Recording Studios

**Presto! Recording Studios** is located in Lincoln, Nebraska, and run by brothers Mike Mogis and A.J. Mogis. The studio began in the brothers' North Platte, Nebraska basement and around 1995 moved to the basement of a Lincoln home. First known as Whoopass Recording Studio, the name was later changed to Dead Space Recording. When the brothers moved the studio to its current downtown Lincoln location, they found a vintage Presto brand vinyl recorder left behind by the studio's former occupant, from which the current name was taken.

Because of Lincoln's plan to dismantle most of the streets around the facility in the distant future, Mike Mogis is planning to relocate Presto! Studios to a 5,000-square-foot (460 m2) indoor basketball court in Omaha, Nebraska. The new studio will be co-owned by Mike Mogis and Conor Oberst. A.J. Mogis has not yet decided if he will be involved.

## Artists who have recorded at Presto!

## Record labels that have worked with Presto!


title: Prince Rui (created 1819)

abstract: Prince Rui of the First Rank, or simply Prince Rui, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Rui peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances. The first bearer of the title was Mianxin, the Jiaqing Emperor's fourth son, who was made "Prince Rui of the First Rank" in 1819. It was briefly renamed to Prince Duan of the Second Rank between 1894 and 1900 when Zaiyi inherited the title. The title was passed down over three generations and held by four persons.

text:
# Prince Rui (created 1819)

**Prince Rui of the First Rank** (Manchu: ᡥᠣᡧᠣᡳ
ᠰᠠᠪᡳᠩᡤᠠ
ᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ; *hošoi sabingga cin wang*), or simply **Prince Rui**, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Rui peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank *vis-à-vis* that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a *feng'en fuguo gong* except under special circumstances.

The first bearer of the title was Mianxin (綿忻; 1805–1828), the Jiaqing Emperor's fourth son, who was made "Prince Rui of the First Rank" in 1819. It was briefly renamed to **Prince Duan of the Second Rank** (**Prince Duan**) between 1894 and 1900 when Zaiyi inherited the title. The title was passed down over three generations and held by four persons.

## Members of the Prince Rui peerage

Members of the Prince Rui peerage  * **Mianxin** (綿忻; 1805–1828), the Jiaqing Emperor's fourth son, held the title Prince Rui of the First Rank from 1819 to 1828, posthumously honoured as **Prince Ruihuai of the First Rank** (瑞懷親王)
    + **Yizhi** (奕誌; 1827–1850), Mianxin's eldest son, held the title Prince Rui of the Second Rank from 1828 to 1850, posthumously honoured as **Prince Ruimin of the Second Rank** (瑞敏郡王)

## Family tree

* Zhao, Erxun (1928). *Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao)*. Vol. 221. China.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

## InfoBox

| Prince Rui of the First Rank | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 和碩瑞親王 |
| Simplified Chinese | 和硕瑞亲王 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin héshuò ruì qīnwáng  Wade–Giles ho-shuo jui ch'in-wang | |
| Prince Duan of the Second Rank | |
| Traditional Chinese | 多羅端郡王 |
| Simplified Chinese | 多罗端郡王 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin duōluó duān jùnwáng  Wade–Giles to-lo tuan chün-wang | |
|  | |


title: Presidential Guard Brigade (Uganda)

abstract: The Presidential Guards Brigade (PGB) is one of the special forces units of the Uganda People's Defence Force charged with counterterrorism, counter-revolutionary, and protecting the President of Uganda. It has been described as President Yoweri Museveni's "army within an army".

text:
# Presidential Guard Brigade (Uganda)

The **Presidential Guards Brigade (PGB)** is one of the special forces units of the Uganda People's Defence Force charged with counterterrorism, counter-revolutionary, and protecting the President of Uganda. It has been described as President Yoweri Museveni's "army within an army".

## Overview

It began in 1996 as the Presidential Protection Unit (PPU) and expanded to a full-fledged brigade on 21 February 2003. As such, the commander at the time, Captain Muhoozi Kainerugaba, President Museveni's son, was promoted to a major. In 2010, it was placed under Ugandan Special Forces Command (USFC).

The 10,000 strong brigade has personnel pulled from western Uganda and trained to be loyal to the president first and foremost. The unit is responsible for counter-revolutionary, irregular warfare operations, preventing terrorist attacks in the country, protecting the President of Uganda, providing security in the Lake Albert region, and special operations assigned.

## InfoBox

| Presidential Guards Brigade | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 1996 – present |
| Country | Uganda |
| Allegiance | President of Uganda, Yoweri Museveni |
| Branch | Ugandan Special Forces Command |
| Type | Special forces |
| Role | Air assault
Artillery observer
Bomb disposal
Clandestine operation
Close-quarters combat
Counterintelligence
Counterterrorism
Counter-revolutionary
Covert operation
Direct action
Executive protection
Force protection
Hostage rescue
HUMINT
Irregular warfare
Long-range penetration
Manhunt
Patrolling
Raiding
Reconnaissance
Special operations
Special reconnaissance
Tracking |
| Size | Brigade |
| Headquarters | Kampala |
| Nickname(s) | PGB |


title: Pretty for the People

abstract: Pretty for the People is an album by American jazz composer and arranger A. K. Salim featuring Kenny Dorham and Johnny Griffin recorded in 1957 for the Savoy label.

text:
# Pretty for the People

***Pretty for the People*** is an album by American jazz composer and arranger A. K. Salim featuring Kenny Dorham and Johnny Griffin recorded in 1957 for the Savoy label.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Allmusic* |  |

Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars

## Track listing

All compositions by A. K. Salim

1. "Blu-Binsky" - 6:12
2. "R.U.1.2." - 8:00
3. "Shirley Ray" - 6:03
4. "Ba-Lu-Ee-Du" - 5:48
5. "Pretty for the People" - 8:05
6. "Takin' Care of Business" - 5:24
7. "Blu-Binsky" \[Alternate Take\] - 6:02 Bonus track on CD reissue
8. "Pretty for the People" \[Alternate Take\] - 8:29 Bonus track on CD reissue

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Pretty for the People | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by A. K. Salim | |
| Released | February 1958 |
| Recorded | September 17, 1957 |
| Studio | Van Gelder Studio, Hackensack, New Jersey |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 39:32 Original LP |
| Label | Savoy
MG 12118 |
| Producer | Ozzie Cadena |
| A. K. Salim chronology | |
| *Stable Mates*
(1957) ***Pretty for the People***
(1958) *Blues Suite*
(1958) | |


title: Pressure (Youngblood Hawke song)

abstract: "Pressure" is a song by American indie pop band Youngblood Hawke.

text:
# Pressure (Youngblood Hawke song)

"**Pressure**" is a song by American indie pop band Youngblood Hawke.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Mind Equals Blown |  |

"Pressure" has been met with positive critical reviews. Mind Equals Blown gave the song a 7.5/10 rating, calling the song "a funky, energetic, modern indie song," also comparing the song to Neon Trees and Grouplove. Ear Buddy stated that the song was just as good as the band's debut album, Wake Up. Fender says that the song "stays true to the...band’s happy-go-lucky indie pop, but it also boasts a slinky, club-ready feel to it." Surviving the Golden Age said the song "continues the band’s mastery of harmonies, vivid imagery and an \[*sic*\] uplifting hooks."

## InfoBox

| "Pressure" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Youngblood Hawke | |
| Released | January 7, 2014 (Radio)
March 11, 2014 (Digital) |
| Recorded | 2013 |
| Genre | Indie rock, funk pop, alternative dance |
| Length | 3:34 |
| Label | Republic |
| Songwriter(s) | Simon Katz, Sam Martin, Matt Squire |
| Youngblood Hawke singles chronology | |
| "Stars (Hold On)"
(2013) "**Pressure**"
(2014) ""Wolves""
(2014) | |


title: Prince of Central Park

abstract: Prince of Central Park is a 2000 movie. The cast included Kathleen Turner, Danny Aiello, Harvey Keitel, and Cathy Moriarty. It was written and directed by John Leekley, and produced by Julius R. Nasso, Steven Seagal, and John P. Gulino. The film is a remake of the 1977 TV movie The Prince of Central Park, starring Ruth Gordon and T.J. Hargrave; both films were based on the novel The Prince of Central Park by Evan Rhodes.

text:
# Prince of Central Park

***Prince of Central Park*** is a 2000 movie. The cast included Kathleen Turner, Danny Aiello, Harvey Keitel, and Cathy Moriarty. It was written and directed by John Leekley, and produced by Julius R. Nasso, Steven Seagal, and John P. Gulino. The film is a remake of the 1977 TV movie *The Prince of Central Park*, starring Ruth Gordon and T.J. Hargrave; both films were based on the novel *The Prince of Central Park* by Evan Rhodes.

## Plot

12-year-old J.J. Somerled (Frankie Nasso) runs away because his mother died and he has been placed in the care of an abusive foster mother. He takes his electronic keyboard, and lives in Central Park in New York City. He learns a lot, and meets a lot of people there including a person called "The Guardian" (Harvey Keitel).

## Cast

* Kathleen Turner as Rebecca Cairn
* Danny Aiello as Noah Cairn
* Cathy Moriarty as Mrs. Ardis
* Frankie Nasso as J.J. Somerled
    + Francesco Vittorio as Young J.J. Somerled
* Harvey Keitel as The Guardian
* Luna Lauren Velez as Rosa Sanchez
* Tina Holmes as Annalisse Somerled
* Carmen Moreno as Sophia
* Svetlana Efremova as Sophia's Mom
* Jaliyl Lynn as Dominique
* Mtume Gant as "Easy"
* John P. Gulino as Deputy Mayor
* Dan Ziskie as City Planner
* Jerry Orbach as Businessman
* Martha Ryan as Nurse Yeager
* Pamela Stewart as Nurse Kohanek
* Frank Bongiorno as Judge
* Victor Rojas as Gangbanger
* Gregory Russell as Gangbanger
* Rick Gonzalez as Gangbanger
* Arthur Acuna as Gangbanger
* Ryan Bondoc as Gangbanger
* Jessica Feng as herself
* Keelan The Dog as Mutt The Dog

## Adaptation

Rhodes also adapted his own novel for Broadway in 1989, but the production, starring Jo Anne Worley, was so poorly received it closed after four performances. The production was directed and choreographed by Tony Tanner. The sets and costumes were designed by Michael Bottari and Ronald Case, who received many good reviews for their turntable set design. The Lighting Design was by Norman Coates. There was a production prior to the Broadway opening in Miami Beach that was directed by Bob Bogdanoff and starred Nannette Fabray. Many have thought that if Nannette Fabray stayed with the show, that the musical would have lasted longer. The Broadway production played at the Belasco Theater. In addition to JoAnne Worley, it starred a young Richard H. Blake, who would go on to become a familiar face on Broadway in such shows as The Wedding Singer, Saturday Night Fever, and Legally Blonde: The Musical. Anthony Galde (of Starlight Express-Broadway and 1st U.S. Tour, Film: Just One of the Guys) played the leader of the street gang.

## Production

Steven Seagal was initially scheduled to appear in the film before he withdrew on the advice of his Buddhist spiritual adviser. Harvey Keitel was subsequently cast in the role.

## InfoBox

| Prince of Central Park | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | John Leekley |
| Produced by | Steven Seagal |
| Starring |  |
| Music by | Theodore Shapiro |
| Distributed by | Keystone Studios |
| Release date | * September 22, 2000 (2000-09-22) |
| Running time | 109 minutes |


title: Pretzel link

abstract: In the mathematical theory of knots, a pretzel link is a special kind of link. It consists of a finite number of tangles made of two intertwined circular helices. The tangles are connected cyclicly, and the first component of the first tangle is connected to the second component of the second tangle, the first component of the second tangle is connected to the second component of the third tangle, and so on. Finally, the first component of the last tangle is connected to the second component of the first. A pretzel link which is also a knot is a pretzel knot. Each tangle is characterized by its number of twists: positive if they are counter-clockwise or left-handed, negative if clockwise or right-handed. In the standard projection of the pretzel link, there are p 1 left-handed crossings in the first tangle, p 2 in the second, and, in general, p n in the nth. A pretzel link can also be described as a Montesinos link with integer tangles.

text:
# Pretzel link

P(5,3,-2) = T(5,3) = 10124P(3,3,-2) = T(4,3) = 819Only two knots are both torus and pretzel

In the mathematical theory of knots, a **pretzel link** is a special kind of link. It consists of a finite number of tangles made of two intertwined circular helices. The tangles are connected cyclicly, and the first component of the first tangle is connected to the second component of the second tangle, the first component of the second tangle is connected to the second component of the third tangle, and so on. Finally, the first component of the last tangle is connected to the second component of the first. A pretzel link which is also a knot (that is, a link with one component) is a **pretzel knot**.

Each tangle is characterized by its number of twists: positive if they are counter-clockwise or left-handed, negative if clockwise or right-handed. In the standard projection of the $(p\_{1},\\,p\_{2},\dots ,\\,p\_{n})$ pretzel link, there are $p\_{1}$left-handed crossings in the first tangle, $p\_{2}$in the second, and, in general, $p\_{n}$in the nth.

A pretzel link can also be described as a Montesinos link with integer tangles.

## Some basic results

The $(p\_{1},p\_{2},\dots ,p\_{n})$ pretzel link is a knot iff both $n$ and all the $p\_{i}$ are odd or exactly one of the $p\_{i}$ is even.

The $(p\_{1},\\,p\_{2},\dots ,\\,p\_{n})$ pretzel link is split if at least two of the $p\_{i}$ are zero; but the converse is false.

The $(-p\_{1},-p\_{2},\dots ,-p\_{n})$ pretzel link is the mirror image of the $(p\_{1},\\,p\_{2},\dots ,\\,p\_{n})$ pretzel link.

The $(p\_{1},\\,p\_{2},\dots ,\\,p\_{n})$ pretzel link is isotopic to the $(p\_{2},\\,p\_{3},\dots ,\\,p\_{n},\\,p\_{1})$ pretzel link. Thus, too, the $(p\_{1},\\,p\_{2},\dots ,\\,p\_{n})$ pretzel link is isotopic to the $(p\_{k},\\,p\_{k+1},\dots ,\\,p\_{n},\\,p\_{1},\\,p\_{2},\dots ,\\,p\_{k-1})$ pretzel link.

The $(p\_{1},\\,p\_{2},\\,\dots ,\\,p\_{n})$ pretzel link is isotopic to the $(p\_{n},\\,p\_{n-1},\dots ,\\,p\_{2},\\,p\_{1})$ pretzel link. However, if one orients the links in a canonical way, then these two links have opposite orientations.

## Some examples

The (1, 1, 1) pretzel knot is the (right-handed) trefoil; the (−1, −1, −1) pretzel knot is its mirror image.

The (5, −1, −1) pretzel knot is the stevedore knot (61).

If p, q, r are distinct odd integers greater than 1, then the (*p*, *q*, *r*) pretzel knot is a non-invertible knot.

The (2*p*, 2*q*, 2*r*) pretzel link is a link formed by three linked unknots.

The (−3, 0, −3) pretzel knot (square knot (mathematics)) is the connected sum of two trefoil knots.

The (0, q, 0) pretzel link is the split union of an unknot and another knot.

### Montesinos

A **Montesinos link** is a special kind of link that generalizes pretzel links (a pretzel link can also be described as a Montesinos link with integer tangles). A Montesinos link which is also a knot (i.e., a link with one component) is a **Montesinos knot**.

A Montesinos link is composed of several rational tangles. One notation for a Montesinos link is $K(e;\alpha \_{1}/\beta \_{1},\alpha \_{2}/\beta \_{2},\ldots ,\alpha \_{n}/\beta \_{n})$.

In this notation, $e$ and all the $\alpha \_{i}$ and $\beta \_{i}$ are integers. The Montesinos link given by this notation consists of the sum of the rational tangles given by the integer $e$ and the rational tangles $\alpha \_{1}/\beta \_{1},\alpha \_{2}/\beta \_{2},\ldots ,\alpha \_{n}/\beta \_{n}$

These knots and links are named after the Spanish topologist José María Montesinos Amilibia, who first introduced them in 1973.

## Utility

(−2, 3, 2n + 1) pretzel links are especially useful in the study of 3-manifolds. Many results have been stated about the manifolds that result from Dehn surgery on the (−2,3,7) pretzel knot in particular.

The hyperbolic volume of the complement of the (−2,3,8) pretzel link is 4 times Catalan's constant, approximately 3.66. This pretzel link complement is one of two two-cusped hyperbolic manifolds with the minimum possible volume, the other being the complement of the Whitehead link.

A Montesinos link. In this example, $e=-3$ , $\alpha \_{1}/\beta \_{1}=-3/2$ and $\alpha \_{2}/\beta \_{2}=5/2$.Edible (−2,3,7) pretzel knotAnother edible (–2,3,7) pretzel knot, glazed to perfection

## Further reading

* Trotter, Hale F.: *Non-invertible knots exist*, **Topology**, 2 (1963), 272–280.
* Burde, Gerhard; Zieschang, Heiner (2003). *Knots*. De Gruyter studies in mathematics. Vol. 5 (2nd revised and extended ed.). Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 3110170051. ISSN 0179-0986. Zbl 1009.57003.


title: Pretzel Park

abstract: Pretzel Park is a small park in the Manayunk section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was officially named Manayunk Park from its creation in 1929 until 2004, when it was renamed. However, residents have referred to the park as Pretzel Park as far back as anyone can remember. The park contains a partially fenced dog park.

text:
# Pretzel Park

**Pretzel Park** is a small park in the Manayunk section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was officially named **Manayunk Park** from its creation in 1929 until 2004, when it was renamed. However, residents have referred to the park as Pretzel Park as far back as anyone can remember.

The park contains a partially fenced dog park.

## Etymology

No one is quite sure where the name Pretzel Park originates. Some believe that it is because of the pretzel shape of the walkways running through the park. Others believe that the park took its name because a pretzel vendor used to sell Philly Pretzels in the park.

## History

On November 28, 2005 a sculpture of a pretzel, about 6 feet tall including the base, was installed in the park.

40°01′33″N 75°13′16″W / 40.0257°N 75.2211°W / 40.0257; -75.2211


title: Presidential Guard (Zimbabwe)

abstract: The Presidential Guard (PG) of the Zimbabwe National Army is an elite unit responsible for protecting the President of Zimbabwe. It is one of eight brigade-sized formations and two district commands in the ZNA. The members of the unit, some of which are from neighboring states such as Angola, provide presidential protection and also perform ceremonial duties in the national capital.

text:
# Presidential Guard (Zimbabwe)

The **Presidential Guard (PG)** of the Zimbabwe National Army is an elite unit responsible for protecting the President of Zimbabwe. It is one of eight brigade-sized formations and two district commands in the ZNA. The members of the unit, some of which are from neighboring states such as Angola, provide presidential protection and also perform ceremonial duties in the national capital.

## History

The Presidential Guard was created by Robert Mugabe in November 1983 following two attempts on his life during the election campaign. In early 2014, ZNA ordered the PG to look for alternative accommodation from Dzivarasekwa in an attempt to reduce the number of army personnel at its barracks and the costs of maintaining its facilities.

Colour Sergeant Stanley Mugunzva of the PG, who was assigned to Vice-President Constantino Chiwenga, was one of two killed in the 2018 Bulawayo bombing, which was an attempt on President Emmerson Mnangagwa's life.

Members of PG escorted the coffin of former President Mugabe upon its arrival in Harare International Airport following his death in Singapore in the latter half of the summer of 2019.

### 2017 Coup

During the 2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, President Mugabe ordered tanks to surround the Presidential Guard barracks across the capital. As a result, then Brigadier General Anselem Nhamo Sanyatwe secretly renounced his allegiance to Mugabe and replaced loyal troops with substitutes handpicked by Sanyatwe.

Unaware of this shift, Mugabe left his headquarters *en route* to his residence, during which his convoy was attacked by two army trucks carrying fifteen armed members of the PG, with their faces concealed by black masks. Those same soldiers disarmed the Central Intelligence Organisation agents with Mugabe at the time and put them under arrest.

Sanyatwe retired in February 2019 and was appointed as the ambassador to Tanzania.

## Structure

The brigade is organized into the following units located in Harare:

* 1 Presidential Guard Battalion - based at the State House (nicknamed the State House Battalion)
* 2 Presidential Guard Battalion - based at Dzivarasekwa Barracks

The brigade headquarters is based currently at Dzivarasekwa Barracks in Harare and is led by Brigadier General Fidelis Mhonda.

## Duties

In its current role, it serves as a Household Division-like service for the President of Zimbabwe. It is primarily responsible for guarding the area around State House, which is the presidential residence.

It also mounts the guard of honour on behalf of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces during events of state. Events where the guard of honour provided by the PG includes Defence Forces Day festivities, Heroes\` Day, the Independence Day Parade, and the Opening of Parliament. More recently, it mounted the guard of honour during the Inauguration of Emmerson Mnangagwa.

Some of the state arrival ceremonies during state visits the PG has provided guards of honour for have included those for Chinese President Xi Jinping and Tanzanian President John Magufuli.

## Characteristics

### Uniform

The unit wear their yellow berets to tell them apart from the rest of the Zimbabwean military. The mounted element of the unit parades in Pith helmet as headgear.

### Flag

The flag of the Presidential Guard of Zimbabwe consists of a beige background, with three equal horizontal stripes of red, green and red, and the centre having a shield which contains a white wreath beneath a bird, over which are two brown rifles in saltire.

## Controversies

* Lieutenant Colonel Samson Murombo, the commander of 1 Presidential Guard Battalion, was sidelined from commanding the Defence Forces Day Parade as a result of a fallout with First Lady Auxillia Mnangagwa. In leaked audio, Mnangagwa accused Murombo of spying on her amid tensions between her husband and sections of the military. She also challenged him to a physical showdown and later broke down pleading for him to spare her life. Murombo would later be dismissed from his position in January 2020.
* There were reports of Presidential Guards participating in the violence that resulted from the 2018 Zimbabwean general election. This came despite reported presidential orders for military personnel to not be on the streets during this period. A year after the shootings, the United States Department of State publicly sanctioned Major General (Retired) Anselem Nhamo Sanyatwe and his spouse.
* A Presidential Guard, identified as "Private Mugadu", fired 30 shots into the air at the presidential residence before being apprehended as he was about to reload his gun. This incident resulted in the suspension of Lieutenant Colonel Murombo from his post.
* A member of the Presidential Guard was accused of stealing 119 laptops and three desktop computers belonging to former President Robert Mugabe. The soldier was cleared on the unlawful entry charge, and was fined 200 dollars for possessing stolen property.
* In 2017, a group of guardsmen allegedly convinced a gang of armed robbers, who broke into a businessman's residence, to surrender $91,000 USD under the guise of Operation Restore Legacy.
* Three high-ranking members of the PG as well as former ZBC anchor Musorowegomo Mukosi allegedly assaulted 15 villagers and forcefully tried to take the Chin gold mine in Mount Darwin. All four were later granted a bail of 500 dollars each.

## InfoBox

| Presidential Guard | |
| --- | --- |
| An officer of the Presidential Guard giving military commands during an Independence Day military parade. | |
| Active | 4 November 1983 (1983-11-04) |
| Country | Zimbabwe |
| Allegiance | President of Zimbabwe |
| Branch | Zimbabwe National Army |
| Type | Combat Unit
Honor Guard |
| Role | Protection of the President of Zimbabwe |
| Size | Brigade (2 battalions) |
| Headquarters | Dzivarasekwa Barracks, Harare |
| Anniversaries | Defence Forces Day |
| Commanders | |
| Current
commander | Brigadier General Fidelis Mhonda |
| Ceremonial chief | President Emmerson Mnangagwa |
| Notable
commanders | Ambrose Gunda
Major General Anselem Sanyatwe |


title: Pressure 4-5

abstract: Pressure 4-5 was an American rock band hailing from Santa Barbara, California. The band released one studio album, Burning the Process, in October 2001 and toured into the following year. They soon after broke up upon many of the band members leaving for lifestyles not relating to music. Although often categorized under the alternative and nu metal genres popular at the time, Pressure 4–5, not wanting to be pigeonholed with current trends, insisted they were not metal but rather a "heavy rock band with introspective and somewhat intelligent lyrics" and "not chanting the next rap rock tech phrases in our songs."

text:
# Pressure 4-5

**Pressure 4-5** was an American rock band hailing from Santa Barbara, California. The band released one studio album, *Burning the Process*, in October 2001 and toured into the following year. They soon after broke up upon many of the band members leaving for lifestyles not relating to music.

Although often categorized under the alternative and nu metal genres popular at the time, Pressure 4–5, not wanting to be pigeonholed with current trends, insisted they were not metal but rather a "heavy rock band with introspective and somewhat intelligent lyrics" and "not chanting the next rap rock tech phrases in our songs."

## Band history

Formed in January 1998 by vocalist Adam Rich (born 1979) and guitarist Mark Barry, Pressure 4-5 started simply enough, as two college friends forming a band together. Things quickly picked up when another friend from college, Lyle McKeany (born 1977), joined the group as bassist. Joe Schmidt (born 1981) later joined the band as DJ before switching to rhythm guitar. Jake Fowler joined after seeing an ad at a local drum shop; Schmidt later recruited his brother, Tom, to replace Fowler.

The band's moniker comes from Joe Schmidt's unwillingness to be the group's DJ. He rarely came for practices with the band, which left the remaining members wondering if they would have 4 or 5 members, hence the name "Pressure 4-5."

In 1999, the band released an independent EP, entitled *Antechnology*. They continued performing throughout California and, with the help of music websites and fanzines, quickly built a following. After a warm welcoming from the rock community and a large outpouring of support, Pressure 4-5 was quickly signed to DreamWorks Records in 2000, where they released their only full-length album, *Burning the Process*, in autumn the following year. Amidst the nu metal craze, 2001 would prove to be Pressure 4-5's most successful year; they acquired a spot on the Second Stage of Ozzfest 2001 before touring with groups like Dredg, The Used, and Lit. A live October performance in Colorado would also be taped for an MTV special in November. However, of the band's most memorable concert experiences include a sold-out show with Alien Ant Farm at WWF New York following the September 11 terrorist attacks. *Burning the Process* went on to sell 80,000 copies.

Unfortunately, the band's success was short-lived after the promotion of two singles, "Beat The World," with a music video directed by Marc Webb, and "Melt Me Down." The former performed quite well on modern rock mainstays such as MTV2 during 2001, and Pressure 4-5 started working on new material the following year with new blue graphics draping their website. By spring, their headlining spot on the MTV2 Presents Tour with Apex Theory and Lostprophets also allowed the band to preview their new music to audiences. Further exposure was gained through radio shows with the likes of Blink-182 and 311. After finishing up touring in December, Pressure 4-5 was scheduled to enter the studio to record some new songs in January 2003; however, Tom Schmidt and Lyle McKeany quit. Schmidt wanted to return to Santa Barbara so he could enroll for a cooking school in the Tuscany area. The band would later be dropped from their record label. A few demos made with replacement musicians were recorded but never released, and Pressure 4-5 eventually disbanded in July 2003.

The breakup was confirmed on the band's website by guitarist Mark Berry, he wrote: "I know there have been a lot of rumors flying around this message board for the last few months. Unfortunately about 90% of them are true, and Pressure 4-5 is no more. After our last show here in Santa Barbara, Adam decided to call it quits to pursue other goals, and the rest of us have decided to do the same. I personally want everyone to know how much I appreciate all the support over the last five years."

Joe Schmidt later joined Primal Tribe with former Implant frontman Ben Ofstead and bassist Rob Cantrell. Vocalist Adam Rich recently served as principal of Will C. Wood High School in Vacaville, California from 2016 to 2022.

In 2013, bassist Lyle McKeany explained on his personal website how the band's contract with DreamWorks and EMI had put the band over a million dollars in debt, and recalled the moment when band management informed them they'd have to sell over a million albums to recoup that money.

> "We recorded our album at NRG studios, which cost roughly $350,000. We also shot our video at Universal Studios, which cost roughly $250,000. Let*('s)* do the math: $500,000 advance (we had a 5-piece band) + $350,000 recording + $250,000 video = $1,150,000. And we had not even hit the road yet!"

## Band members

Final line-up * Adam Rich – lead vocals (1998–2003)
* Joe Schmidt – rhythm guitar (1998–2003), turntables (1998)
* Mark Barry – lead guitar (1998–2003)
* John Miller – bass guitar (2003)
* Andrew Bogert – drums (2003)

Previous members * Lyle McKeany – bass guitar, backing vocals (1998–2003)
* Jake Fowler – drums (1998-1999)
* Tom Schmidt - drums (1999–2003)

### Timeline

## Discography

Studio albums EPs

## InfoBox

| Pressure 4-5 | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Santa Barbara, California, U.S. |
| Genres |  |
| Years active | 19982003 |
| Labels | DreamWorks Records |
|  | |
| Members | Adam Rich (vocals)
Mark Barry (lead guitar)
Joe Schmidt (rhythm guitar)
Lyle McKeany (bass)
Tom Schmidt (drums) |


title: Predicate abstraction

abstract: In logic, predicate abstraction is the result of creating a predicate from a formula. If Q is any formula then the predicate abstract formed from that sentence is (λx.Q), where λ is an abstraction operator and in which every occurrence of x that is free in Q is bound by λ in (λx.Q). The resultant predicate (λx.Q) is a monadic predicate capable of taking a term t as argument as in (λx.Q)(t), which says that the object denoted by 't' has the property of being such that Q. The law of abstraction states(t) ≡ Q(t/x) where Q(t/x) is the result of replacing all free occurrences of x in Q by t. This law is shown to fail in general in at least two cases: (i) when t is irreferential and (ii) when Q contains modal operators. In modal logic the "de re / de dicto distinction" is stated as 1.: ◻ A 2.:. In (1) the modal operator applies to the formula A(t) and the term t is within the scope of the modal operator. In (2) t is not within the scope of the modal operator.

text:
# Predicate abstraction

In logic, **predicate abstraction** is the result of creating a predicate from a formula. If Q is any formula then the predicate abstract formed from that sentence is (λx.Q), where λ is an abstraction operator and in which every occurrence of x that is free in Q is bound by λ in (λx.Q). The resultant predicate (λx.Q(x)) is a monadic predicate capable of taking a term t as argument as in (λx.Q(x))(t), which says that the object denoted by 't' has the property of being such that Q.

The **law of abstraction** states ( λx.Q(x) )(t) ≡ Q(t/x) where Q(t/x) is the result of replacing all free occurrences of x in Q by t. This law is shown to fail in general in at least two cases: (i) when t is irreferential and (ii) when Q contains modal operators.

In modal logic the "*de re */* de dicto* distinction" is stated as

1. (DE DICTO): $\Box A(t)$

2. (DE RE): $(\lambda x.\Box A(x))(t)$.

In (1) the modal operator applies to the formula A(t) and the term t is within the scope of the modal operator. In (2) t is *not* within the scope of the modal operator.

For the semantics and further philosophical developments of predicate abstraction see Fitting and Mendelsohn, *First-order Modal Logic*, Springer, 1999.