title: Elaphropus granarius

abstract: Elaphropus granarius is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Elaphropus granarius

***Elaphropus granarius*** is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.

## Further reading

* Lobl, I.; Smetana, A., eds. (2017). *Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1: Archostemata - Myxophaga - Adephaga*. Apollo Books. ISBN 978-90-04-33029-0.

## InfoBox

| *Elaphropus granarius* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Genus: | *Elaphropus* |
| Species: | ***E. granarius*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Elaphropus granarius***<br>(Dejean, 1831) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Barytachys glossema*  Casey, 1884 * *Bembidium granarium*  Dejean, 1831 * *Elaphropus occultus*  (LeConte, 1848) * *Tachys occultus*  LeConte, 1848 | |


title: Elaphropus incurvus

abstract: Elaphropus incurvus is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Elaphropus incurvus

***Elaphropus incurvus*** is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.

## Further reading

* Lobl, I.; Smetana, A., eds. (2017). *Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1: Archostemata - Myxophaga - Adephaga*. Apollo Books. ISBN 978-90-04-33029-0.

## InfoBox

| *Elaphropus incurvus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Genus: | *Elaphropus* |
| Species: | ***E. incurvus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Elaphropus incurvus***<br>(Say, 1830) | |
|


title: Puka Pampa River

abstract: Puka Pampa River is a Bolivian river in the Chuquisaca Department, Sud Cinti Province, Culpina Municipality. It is a left tributary of the Pilaya River, an important right affluent of the Pillku Mayu. The river flows along the villages of Sala Mayu, Puka Pampa and Taruka Kancha. Its main direction is to the south. About 17 km southeast of the village of Pilaya the Puka Pampa River empties into the Pilaya River which is a natural border between the departments of Chuquisaca and Tarija.

text:
# Puka Pampa River

**Puka Pampa River** (Quechua *puka* red, *pampa* plain, "red plain", also spelled *Puca Pampa*) is a Bolivian river in the Chuquisaca Department, Sud Cinti Province, Culpina Municipality. It is a left tributary of the Pilaya River, an important right affluent of the Pillku Mayu.

The river flows along the villages of Sala Mayu, Puka Pampa and Taruka Kancha. Its main direction is to the south. About 17 km southeast of the village of Pilaya the Puka Pampa River empties into the Pilaya River which is a natural border between the departments of Chuquisaca and Tarija.

## InfoBox

| Puka Pampa | |
| --- | --- |
| Etymology | Quechua |
| Location | |
| Country | Bolivia |
| Region | Chuquisaca Department |
| Municipality | Sud Cinti Province |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth | Pilaya River |
| coordinates | 21°0′S 64°35′W / 21.000°S 64.583°W / -21.000; -64.583 |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries |  |
| right | Agua y Castilla River |


title: Eldorado, Saskatchewan

abstract: Eldorado is a former mining community turned ghost town located on Beaverlodge Lake in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Its original name was Beaverlodge. Eldorado and nearby Uranium City are along Saskatchewan Highway 962, an isolated stretch of highway.

text:
# Eldorado, Saskatchewan

**Eldorado** is a former mining community turned ghost town located on Beaverlodge Lake in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Its original name was Beaverlodge. Eldorado and nearby Uranium City are along Saskatchewan Highway 962, an isolated stretch of highway.

## History

Population history
of Eldorado
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1951 | 184 |  |
| 1956 | 939 | +410.3% |
| 1961 | 526 | −44.0% |
| 1966 | 470 | −10.6% |
| 1971 | 289 | −38.5% |
| 1976 | 37 | −87.2% |
| 1981 | 229 | +518.9% |
| Source: *Statistics Canada* | | |

After uranium was discovered in the Beaverlodge District in 1946, Eldorado Mining and Refining established Eldorado as a community to house its miners, their families, and related workers. By 1951, the community of Eldorado had a population of 184.

Eldorado Mining and Refining opened the Beaverlodge Mine in 1953. The Eldorado Company's major production came from the Fay-Ace-Verna mine shafts, mostly from uranium deposits located in the Archaen Tazin Group. The deposits are found within the footwall and hanging wall of the St. Louis fault.

Eldorado had a one-room school that taught students through to grade six, after which they were transported to Uranium City. The first post office was established in 1953 with John Edgar Hamlin as postmaster. The community grew to a population of 939 by 1956.

After the decline of Eldorado's population to 229 in 1981, the Beaverlodge Mine shut down in 1982. The post office closed July 20, 1982, with May A. Grona as the last postmaster.

## Climate

| Climate data for Eldorado | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −21
(−5) | −16
(3) | −8
(17) | 3
(37) | 12
(53) | 18
(64) | 21
(69) | 19
(66) | 11
(51) | 3
(37) | −7
(19) | −17
(1) | 2
(34) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −26
(−14) | −22
(−7) | −14
(6) | −3
(26) | 6
(42) | 13
(55) | 16
(60) | 14
(57) | 7
(44) | 0
(32) | −11
(12) | −22
(−7) | −3
(26) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −31
(−23) | −28
(−18) | −21
(−5) | −9
(15) | 0
(32) | 7
(44) | 10
(50) | 9
(48) | 3
(37) | −2
(28) | −15
(5) | −26
(−14) | −9
(17) |
| Source: weatherbase | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Transportation

Eldorado had its own air service of DC-3s and DC-4s, which supplemented commercial air service by Pacific Western Airlines. Air was the accepted mode of travel to and from Eldorado and Uranium City.

## InfoBox

| Eldorado | |
| --- | --- |
| Ghost town | |
| EldoradoLocation of Eldorado | |
| Coordinates: 59°33′00″N 108°30′07″W / 59.550°N 108.502°W / 59.550; -108.502 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Saskatchewan |
| Region | Northern Saskatchewan |
| Census division | Division No. 18 |
| Post office opened | July 9, 1953 |
| Post office closed | July 20, 1982 |
| Time zone | CST |
| Postal code | S0H 2P0 & S0J 0T0 |
| Area code | 306 |


title: Eldorado, South Africa

abstract: Eldorado is a town in Capricorn District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa.

text:
# Eldorado, South Africa

**Eldorado** is a town in Capricorn District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa.

## InfoBox

| Eldorado | |
| --- | --- |
| EldoradoEldorado | |
| Coordinates: 22°53′53″S 28°48′50″E / 22.898°S 28.814°E / -22.898; 28.814 | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Limpopo |
| District | Capricorn |
| Municipality | Blouberg |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.09 km2 (1.19 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 2,246 |
| Density | 730/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011) | |
| Black African | 99.9% |
| Other | 0.1% |
| First languages (2011) | |
| Northern Sotho | 98.5% |
| Other | 1.5% |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| PO box | 0718 |


title: Elachista impiger

abstract: Elachista impiger is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found in Australia. The wingspan is 6–6.2 mm. The ground colour of the forewings is bluish grey, with dark grey-tipped scales. The hindwings are grey.

text:
# Elachista impiger

***Elachista impiger*** is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found in Australia.

The wingspan is 6–6.2 mm. The ground colour of the forewings is bluish grey, with dark grey-tipped scales. The hindwings are grey.

## InfoBox

| *Elachista impiger* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Elachistidae |
| Genus: | *Elachista* |
| Species: | ***E. impiger*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Elachista impiger***<br>Kaila, 2011 | |
|


title: Elachista sinevi

abstract: Elachista sinevi is a moth in the family Elachistidae. It was described by Sruoga in 1992. It is found in Kazakhstan.

text:
# Elachista sinevi

***Elachista sinevi*** is a moth in the family Elachistidae. It was described by Sruoga in 1992. It is found in Kazakhstan.

## InfoBox

| *Elachista sinevi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Elachistidae |
| Genus: | *Elachista* |
| Species: | ***E. sinevi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Elachista sinevi***<br>(Sruoga, 1992) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Elachistoides sinevi* Sruoga, 1992 | |


title: Come Alive (Netsky song)

abstract: "Come Alive" is a song by Belgian drum and bass producer Netsky. The song was released on 21 May 2012 as a digital download in the United Kingdom from his second album 2. The single peaked at number 150 on the UK Singles Chart, number 24 on the UK Dance Chart and number 17 on the UK Indie Chart. The song was written and produced by Boris Daenen and features vocals from Scarlett Quinn.

text:
# Come Alive (Netsky song)

"**Come Alive**" is a song by Belgian drum and bass producer Netsky. The song was released on 21 May 2012 as a digital download in the United Kingdom from his second album . The single peaked at number 150 on the UK Singles Chart, number 24 on the UK Dance Chart and number 17 on the UK Indie Chart. The song was written and produced by Boris Daenen and features vocals from Scarlett Quinn.

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "Come Alive" was first released onto YouTube on May 3, 2012 at a total length of three minutes and ten seconds.

## Track listings

Digital download
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Come Alive" (Radio Edit) | 3:02 |
| 2. | "Come Alive" | 4:10 |
| 3. | "Come Alive" (Culture Shock Remix) | 5:08 |
| 4. | "Come Alive" (Rockwell Remix) | 5:38 |
| 5. | "Come Alive" (Submerse Remix) | 4:29 |

## Chart performance

| Chart (2012) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 35 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 10 |
| Belgium Dance (Ultratop Flanders) | 2 |
| Belgium Airplay (Ultratop Flanders) | 21 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 1 |
| Germany (Official German Charts) | 75 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 24 |
| UK Indie (OCC) | 17 |
| UK Singles (Official Charts Company) | 150 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom | 21 May 2012 | Digital download | Hospital Records |

## InfoBox

| "Come Alive" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Netsky | |
| from the album | |
| Released | 21 May 2012 |
| Recorded | 2011 |
| Genre | Drum and bass, drumstep |
| Length | 4:10 |
| Label | Hospital Records |
| Songwriter(s) | Boris Daenen |
| Producer(s) | Boris Daenen |
| Netsky singles chronology | |
| "Give & Take"
(2012) "**Come Alive**"
(2012) "Love Has Gone"
(2012) | |


title: Fabienne Dervain

abstract: Fabienne Dervain is the CEO of Couleur Cafe, a coffee business in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire previously owned by her mother.

text:
# Fabienne Dervain

**Fabienne Dervain** is the CEO of Couleur Cafe, a coffee business in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire previously owned by her mother.

## Early life

**Fabienne Dervain** was born in Abidjan in Ivory Coast. When she was 13 years old, she was sent to boarding school in France because of the political unrest in Ivory Coast.

## Education

She got her BA in *International Business Administration* from the American University of Paris in 2010 and proceeded to King's College London where she graduated with a MSc in *International Management* in 2012.

## Career

Couleur Café was originally opened in year 2000 by Dervain’s mother. The cafe was going out of business in 2012, and she decided to return home to grow the business. The new Couleur Café was opened on the 28th of August in 2013 her work to restart the business with $60,500 from her personal savings and contributions from members of her family. He sister, an interior designer did the redecoration of the place.

## Recognitions

She was featured in the second episode of BBC's *New Generation of Women Entrepreneurs in Africa* in January 2016 which was co-produced with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. She was also featured in BBC's *Women of Africa* series in May 2016, where she talked about running her business and the challenges encountered.

## InfoBox

| Fabienne Dervain | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1989 (age 3435) |
| Nationality | Ivorian |
| Education | American University of Paris King's College London |
| Occupation | Entrepreneur |
| Website | www.couleurcafe.ci |


title: Queen of the Chantecler

abstract: Queen of the Chantecler is a 1962 Spanish historical drama film directed by Rafael Gil and starring Sara Montiel, Alberto de Mendoza and Luigi Giuliani. A Spanish music hall entertainer gets caught up in espionage during the First World War, as she finds true love with a country boy who does not know her true identity.

text:
# Queen of the Chantecler

***Queen of the Chantecler*** (Spanish: ***La reina del Chantecler***) is a 1962 Spanish historical drama film directed by Rafael Gil and starring Sara Montiel, Alberto de Mendoza and Luigi Giuliani. A Spanish music hall entertainer gets caught up in espionage during the First World War, as she finds true love with a country boy who does not know her true identity.

## Cast

## Release

1. Powrie p.218

## Bibliography

* Phil Powrie. *Carmen on Film: A Cultural History*. Indiana University Press, 2007.

## InfoBox

| Queen of the Chantecler | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Rafael Gil |
| Written by |  |
| Produced by | Marciano de la Fuente |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Mario Montuori |
| Edited by | Julio Peña |
| Music by | Gregorio García Segura |
| Production<br>company | Suevia Films |
| Distributed by | Suevia Films |
| Release date | * 25 October 1962 (1962-10-25) |
| Running time | 112 minutes |
| Country | Spain |
| Language | Spanish |


title: Eurosam

abstract: Eurosam GIE is a European manufacturer of anti-air missiles. Eurosam was established in June 1989 for the development of the Famille de missiles Sol-Air Futurs. Eurosam was initially a joint venture between Aérospatiale, Alenia and Thomson-CSF. Now Aérospatiale is a part of MBDA, and Missile and Missile Systems activities of Alenia are now the Italian branch of MBDA. Thomson CSF is now the Thales Group. Thus Eurosam is owned by MBDA France and MBDA Italy as well as Thales Group (33%).

text:
# Eurosam

**Eurosam GIE** is a European manufacturer of anti-air missiles. Eurosam was established in June 1989 for the development of the *Famille de missiles Sol-Air Futurs* (Future Surface-to-Air Family of missiles or **FSAF**). Eurosam was initially a joint venture between Aérospatiale, Alenia and Thomson-CSF. Now Aérospatiale is a part of MBDA (more precisely of the French branch of MBDA), and Missile and Missile Systems activities of Alenia are now the Italian branch of MBDA. Thomson CSF is now the Thales Group. Thus Eurosam is owned by MBDA France and MBDA Italy (66% share split between both) as well as Thales Group (33%).

## Aster missiles

As originally envisaged under the contract for Phase 1 (signed in May 1990) the FSAF involved the use of the Aster 15 and Aster 30 missiles in the following applications:

## Ground-launched systems

GBAD system, with dual ABT and ATBM capability, SAMP/T is a fully autonomous, self-propelled system with truck-mounted modules. Each system typically includes a fire control unit, with a multi-function radar (MRI) and an Engagement Module (ME), and launching elements, with up to 6 vertical launch platforms (MLT) using for Aster 30 missiles. SAMP/T boasts the unique capability of being able to simultaneously engage TBMs and ABTs coming from any direction.

On 17 November 2011 the French Navy air defence frigate *Chevalier Paul* successfully tested its PAAMS air defence system. It was the longest range intercept to date for the Eurosam system, with any PAAMS system, whether Italian, British or French. Meanwhile, HMS *Defender*, the Royal Navy's fifth Type 45 destroyer, equipped with the PAAMS (UK) system christened Sea Viper, completed its initial sea trials before returning to the shipyard, in Glasgow.

## Anti-air application

In August 1999 FSAF was extended to include PAAMS, the Principal Anti Air Missile System. PAAMS uses both Aster 15 and Aster 30 missiles for self-defence, local area defence and long range area defence. PAAMS is managed by EUROPAAMS, a joint venture between Eurosam (66%) and MBDA subsidiary UKAMS (33%). MBDA also owns 66% of Eurosam, in effect giving it a 77% share of the project. MBDA is itself owned by BAE, Airbus and Leonardo. PAAMS is fitted in the 4 French/Italian Horizon frigates and 6 British Type 45 destroyers.

## "Building block" architecture

Eurosam's air-defence systems are based on a modular architecture, with specific modules or "building blocks" which can be combined to precisely tailor each system. A basic system consists of one multi-function radar, a command and control post with Mara computers and Magics operator consoles, and a vertical launch system. Additional sub-systems can be added to optimize the basic system's capabilities for specific missions, such as naval extended area defense or anti-ballistic missile defense.

## Applications

In March 1998 Saudi Arabia signed a contract for the SAAM system (Aster 15) to be fitted to its DCN *Al Riyadh*-class frigates. In August 2011 Turkey's national air and missile competition has attracted bids from a U.S. partnership of Raytheon and Lockheed Martin, offering the Patriot air defense system; Russia's Rosoboronexport, marketing the S-300; China's CPMIEC (China Precision Machinery Export-Import Corp.), offering its HQ-9; and Eurosam's SAMP/T Aster 30. Eurosam has delivered to date 14 units to Italy and France, including 2 First of Class units. France will deploy 10 SAMP/T in 5 air defence squadrons, 4 of which are currently equipped or being equipped. The Italian Army will regroup 5 SAMP/T units in one Regiment, in Mantova, with 4 already delivered. MBDA has offered to sell the Arabel radar to Poland with the Arabel radar 30. Poland's MON has announced the Wisla program's finalists: Raytheon's ‘PATRIOT with options’ offer, and EuroSAM's SAMP/T Mamba system that uses the Aster-30

On 5 January 2018, France and Turkey signed a project definition study contract with Eurosam for a future Long Range Air and Missile Defense System (LORAMIDS). Turkey would also participate, through companies Aselsan and Roketsan, in development work on the mid-life update (MLU) phase of the SAMP/T Aster 30, Block 1NT.

## InfoBox

Eurosam GIE
|
|  |
| Company type | Private joint venture |
| Industry | Aerospace |
| Founded | June 1989 |
| Headquarters | Paris, France |
| Products | Naval and air-defence missiles |
| Owner | MBDA France (33.3%)
MBDA Italy (33.3%)
Thales Group (33.3%) |
| Website | www.eurosam.com |


title: The Gatekeeper's Daughter

abstract: The Gatekeeper's Daughter is a 1975 French comedy film directed by Jérôme Savary and starring Mona Heftre, Michel Dussarat and Annick Berger.

text:
# The Gatekeeper's Daughter

***The Gatekeeper's Daughter*** (French: ***La fille du garde-barrière***) is a 1975 French comedy film directed by Jérôme Savary and starring Mona Heftre, Michel Dussarat and Annick Berger.

## Main cast

1. Rège p.388

## Bibliography

* Rège, Philippe. *Encyclopedia of French Film Directors, Volume 1*. Scarecrow Press, 2009.

## InfoBox

| The Gatekeeper's Daughter | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Jérôme Savary |
| Written by |  |
| Produced by | Bernard Bolzinger |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography |  |
| Edited by |  |
| Music by | Éric Demarsan |
| Production<br>company | Atelier de Production Cinématographique |
| Distributed by | Parafrance Films |
| Release date | * 3 September 1975 (1975-09-03) |
| Running time | 95 minutes |
| Country | France |
| Language | French |


title: Bulbophyllum × chikukwa

abstract: Bulbophyllum × chikukwa is a natural hybrid of Bulbophyllum maximum × Bulbophyllum scaberulum found in Zimbabwe.

text:
# Bulbophyllum × chikukwa

***Bulbophyllum* × *chikukwa*** is a natural hybrid of *Bulbophyllum maximum* × *Bulbophyllum scaberulum* found in Zimbabwe.

## InfoBox

| *Bulbophyllum × chikukwa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | *Bulbophyllum* |
| Species: | ***B. × chikukwa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Bulbophyllum × chikukwa***<br>Fibeck & Mavi | |
|


title: Saminda Fernando

abstract: Saminda Fernando is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Ragama Cricket Club in the 2016–17 Premier League Tournament on 14 February 2017. He made his List A debut for Ragama Cricket Club in the 2017–18 Premier Limited Overs Tournament on 14 March 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for Ragama Cricket Club in the 2018–19 SLC Twenty20 Tournament on 18 February 2019. In August 2021, he was named in the SLC Greens team for the 2021 SLC Invitational T20 League tournament.

text:
# Saminda Fernando

**Saminda Fernando** (born 8 June 1996) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Ragama Cricket Club in the 2016–17 Premier League Tournament on 14 February 2017. He made his List A debut for Ragama Cricket Club in the 2017–18 Premier Limited Overs Tournament on 14 March 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for Ragama Cricket Club in the 2018–19 SLC Twenty20 Tournament on 18 February 2019. In August 2021, he was named in the SLC Greens team for the 2021 SLC Invitational T20 League tournament.

## InfoBox

Saminda Fernando
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Galwarige Saminda Maduranga Fernando |
| Born | (1996-06-08) 8 June 1996<br>Moratuwa, Sri Lanka |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Role | Wicketkeeper |
| Source: ESPNcricinfo, 16 February 2017 | |


title: Samina Quraeshi

abstract: Samina Quraeshi (1944-2013) was an award-winning educator, designer, artist and author.

text:
# Samina Quraeshi

**Samina Quraeshi** (1944-2013) was an award-winning educator, designer, artist and author.

## Life

She was raised in Karachi, Pakistan and lived in Massachusetts. She is the mother of Sadia Shepard, an author and filmmaker and Cassim Shepard a new York based town planner

## Work

As an author she took inspiration from the Sufi tradition of the Indus Valley. She wrote the following books:

* *Legacy of the Indus*
* *Lahore: the City Within*
* *Legends of the Indus*
* *Sacred Spaces: A Journey with the Sufis of the Indus* (published by Peabody Museum Press in 2009)
* *Reimagining West Coconut Grove: Landmarks*

## InfoBox

| Samina Quraeshi | |
| --- | --- |
| Notable work | *Legacy of the Indus*
*Lahore: the City Within*
*Legends of the Indus*
*Sacred Spaces: A Journey with the Sufis of the Indus* |


title: Burgh Westra

abstract: Burgh Westra is a historic home located near Gloucester, Gloucester County, Virginia. Built between 1842 and 1851 on 2,400 acres, the estate's original design is a two and a half story brick dwelling in the Gothic Revival style. In addition to the main house, the property contains an original dairy, a rebuilt carriage house, guest cottage, gazebo built upon original sketches of Dr Taliaferro, north and south gardens modeled on the original house designs, and a kitchen vegetable garden. Additional dependency foundations of the kitchen, smoke, and ice houses on the property are currently under consideration for reconstruction. Still noticeable in the spring are native daffodils planted around the entrances to originally wooden servant houses on either side of the lane. Aspects of the original fruit and nut orchards are located next to the estate and near the remains of a barn burned by raiding union troops during the Civil War. The extended property contains the original farm managers house and working and fallow fields along the estate's nearly 2-mile long lane. Burgh Westra's floor plan is Design III in Cottage Residences (1842), by Andrew Jackson Downing. The name "Burgh Westra" comes from the Scottish phrase for "Village of the West", symbolizing the cottage's location on the North River, Virginia. Burgh Westra's builder was Warner Throckmorton Taliaferro of Belleville Plantation on the North River for his son, Dr. Philip Taliaferro. Dr. Taliaferro discussed potential designs and a desire to build the estate on the eventual land tract while studying medicine in Scotland, Dublin, and London (receiving his degree from William Wilde, at Trinity College Dublin. During the Civil War, Dr. Taliaferro, the nephew of Confederate Secretary of War James Seddon, accompanied his half-brother, William B. Taliaferro, a general in the Confederate army, to serve with General Stonewall Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley as an aide-de-camp. William B. Taliaferro commanded Jackson's division at Cedar Mountain, Second Manassas and Fredericksburg. He commanded Fort Wagner, SC, served on James Island, SC, and in Florida and Georgia. Upon returning to Burgh Westra during the war, Dr. Taliaferro opened up his estate as a hospital for wounded soldiers of both sides. The estates lawns were the site of occasional Union troop encampments during the war. At least two unidentified confederate soldiers who died at Burgh Westra are buried at nearby Ware Episcopal Church which union troops used as a stable during the war. Remains of soldiers have on occasion been found near the shoreline as recently as the 1950s. Additional family owners include Beverly Randolph Wellford Jr, son of Beverly Randolph Wellford and Henry Alexander White. The home continues to be owned by the original family, and is suspected to be the oldest continual ownership of a house in Gloucester County, Virginia. The family has owned this and other land tracts and estates on the North River dating back to the early 1600s. Burgh Westra was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. it contains many rare antiques including some of the only furniture from the original Randolph family estate, Turkey Island Plantation, and a Thomas Sully of Susan Seddon Taliaferro.

text:
# Burgh Westra

**Burgh Westra** is a historic home located near Gloucester, Gloucester County, Virginia. Built between 1842 and 1851 on 2,400 acres, the estate's original design is a two and a half story brick dwelling in the Gothic Revival style. In addition to the main house, the property contains an original dairy, a rebuilt carriage house, guest cottage, gazebo built upon original sketches of Dr Taliaferro, north and south gardens modeled on the original house designs, and a kitchen vegetable garden. Additional dependency foundations of the kitchen, smoke, and ice houses on the property are currently under consideration for reconstruction. Still noticeable in the spring are native daffodils planted around the entrances to originally wooden servant houses on either side of the lane. Aspects of the original fruit and nut orchards are located next to the estate and near the remains of a barn burned by raiding union troops during the Civil War. The extended property contains the original farm managers house and working and fallow fields along the estate's nearly 2-mile long lane. Burgh Westra's floor plan is Design III in *Cottage Residences* (1842), by Andrew Jackson Downing. The name "Burgh Westra" comes from the Scottish phrase for "Village of the West", symbolizing the cottage's location on the North River, Virginia.

Burgh Westra's builder was Warner Throckmorton Taliaferro of Belleville Plantation on the North River for his son, Dr. Philip Taliaferro. Dr. Taliaferro discussed potential designs and a desire to build the estate on the eventual land tract while studying medicine in Scotland, Dublin, and London (receiving his degree from William Wilde, at Trinity College Dublin. During the Civil War, Dr. Taliaferro, the nephew of Confederate Secretary of War James Seddon, accompanied his half-brother, William B. Taliaferro, a general in the Confederate army, to serve with General Stonewall Jackson (1824–1863) in the Shenandoah Valley as an aide-de-camp. William B. Taliaferro commanded Jackson's division at Cedar Mountain, Second Manassas and Fredericksburg. He commanded Fort Wagner, SC (famous for the movie Glory ), served on James Island, SC, and in Florida and Georgia (as head of the Confederate army in Savannah). Upon returning to Burgh Westra during the war, Dr. Taliaferro opened up his estate as a hospital for wounded soldiers of both sides. The estates lawns were the site of occasional Union troop encampments during the war. At least two unidentified confederate soldiers who died at Burgh Westra are buried at nearby Ware Episcopal Church which union troops used as a stable during the war. Remains of soldiers have on occasion been found near the shoreline as recently as the 1950s.

Additional family owners include Beverly Randolph Wellford Jr, son of Beverly Randolph Wellford and Henry Alexander White.

The home continues to be owned by the original family, and is suspected to be the oldest continual ownership of a house in Gloucester County, Virginia. The family has owned this and other land tracts and estates on the North River dating back to the early 1600s. Burgh Westra was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. it contains many rare antiques including some of the only furniture from the original Randolph family estate, Turkey Island Plantation, and a Thomas Sully of Susan Seddon Taliaferro.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Burgh Westra | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Virginia Landmarks Register | |
|  | |
| Burgh Westra, May 2013 | |
|  | |
| Location | E of Gloucester off VA 3, near Gloucester, Virginia |
| Coordinates | 37°25′11″N 76°27′14″W / 37.41972°N 76.45389°W / 37.41972; -76.45389 |
| Area | 550 acres (220 ha) |
| Built | 1842 (1842) |
| Architectural style | Gothic Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 76002107 |
| VLR No. | 036-0010 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | October 8, 1976 |
| Designated VLR | April 20, 1976 |


title: Burgh Windmill

abstract: Burgh Mill is a Grade II listed tower mill at Burgh, Suffolk, England. The mill was converted to a residential accommodation in 2005.

text:
# Burgh Windmill

**Burgh Mill** is a Grade II listed tower mill at Burgh, Suffolk, England. The mill was converted to a residential accommodation in 2005.

## History

*Burgh Mill* was built in 1842 by John Whitmore the Wickham Market millwright for Francis Buttrum. It replaced an earlier tower mill nearby. The mill was the tallest one built by Whitmore. In 1919, an 8 horsepower (6.0 kW) engine was installed. The mill worked by wind until 1922 and the machinery was dismantled in 1925 by millwright Amos Clarke. From July 1940 the mill became home to L.1 post of the Observer Corps after moving from their previous location. The high vantage point afforded by the mill enabled the Observers to plot and report the movement of aircraft in the area as part of a nationwide network of observation posts. Post L.1 operated as part of a "cluster" of three such posts L.2 being located at Woolverstone and L.3 at Felixstowe all reporting to 18 Group ROC in Colchester. The building was to remain occupied by the Royal Observer Corps until a new underground post was constructed immediately south west in 1960. The mill was derelict in 1997, but by 2005 it had gained a new galleried cap.

## Description

*Burgh Mill* is a seven-storey tower mill with an ogee cap which has a gallery. It had four *Patent sails* and was winded by a *fantail*. The tower is 23 feet (7.01 m) diameter internally at ground floor level and 13 feet (3.96 m) diameter internally at curb level. The height of the tower is 57 feet (17.37 m) to the curb. the four pairs of *millstones* were on the third floor. Recently renovated in 2004, it was reroofed and the brickwork replaced using the original Suffolk white bricks.

## Millers

* Francis Buttrum 1842-

References for above:-

## InfoBox

| Burgh Windmill | |
| --- | --- |
| The converted mill, May 2005 | |
|  | |
| Origin | |
| Mill name | Burgh Mill |
| Mill location | TM 230 514 |
| Coordinates | 52°06′57″N 1°15′29″E / 52.11583°N 1.25806°E / 52.11583; 1.25806 |
| Operator(s) | Private |
| Year built | 1842 |
| Information | |
| Purpose | Corn mill |
| Type | Tower mill |
| Storeys | Seven storeys |
| No. of sails | Four Sails |
| Type of sails | Patent sails |
| Winding | Fantail |
| Auxiliary power | Engine |
| No. of pairs of millstones | Four pairs |


title: Salem, Pierce County, Wisconsin

abstract: Salem is a town in Pierce County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 475 at the 2020 census. The unincorporated community of Ono is also located partially in the town.

text:
# Salem, Pierce County, Wisconsin

**Salem** is a town in Pierce County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 475 at the 2020 census. The unincorporated community of Ono is also located partially in the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.4 square miles (91.6 km2), all of it land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 505 people, 173 households, and 146 families residing in the town. The population density was 14.3 inhabitants per square mile (5.5/km2). There were 186 housing units at an average density of 5.3 per square mile (2.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 99.80% White, and 0.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.

There were 173 households, out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.0% were married couples living together, 3.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.6% were non-families. 11.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92 and the average family size was 3.16.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.9% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $56,250, and the median income for a family was $58,056. Males had a median income of $29,375 versus $26,087 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,533. About 2.7% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.6% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

## Notable people

* Lloyd Tombleson, Wisconsin State Representative, farmer, and educator, lived in the town; Tombleson served as chairman of the Salem Town Board

1. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
2. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
3. 'Lloyd Tombleson Rites at Ellsworth,' **Winona Republican-Herald,** September 15, 1951, pg. 2

44°37′23″N 92°21′27″W / 44.62306°N 92.35750°W / 44.62306; -92.35750

## InfoBox

| Salem, Wisconsin | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Town hall | |
| Location of Salem, Wisconsin | |
| Coordinates: 44°38′55″N 92°19′33″W / 44.64861°N 92.32583°W / 44.64861; -92.32583 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Wisconsin |
| County | Pierce |
| Area | |
| Total | 35.4 sq mi (91.6 km2) |
| Land | 35.4 sq mi (91.6 km2) |
| Water | 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,076 ft (328 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 475 |
| Density | 14.3/sq mi (5.5/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code(s) | 715 & 534 |
| FIPS code | 55-71150 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1584094 |


title: Salem, South Carolina

abstract: Salem is a U.S. town in Oconee County, South Carolina. The population was 135 at the 2010 United States Census.

text:
# Salem, South Carolina

**Salem** is a U.S. town in Oconee County, South Carolina. The population was 135 at the 2010 United States Census.

## Geography

Salem is located at 34°53′19″N 82°58′29″W / 34.88861°N 82.97472°W / 34.88861; -82.97472 (34.888599, -82.974666). The town lies in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along South Carolina Highway 130, just south of its junction with South Carolina Highway 11. Lake Keowee and Keowee-Toxaway State Park lie just to the east, and Lake Jocassee and Devils Fork State Park lie to the northeast. The North Carolina-South Carolina border passes several miles north of Salem.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.8 square miles (2.2 km2), all of it land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1910 | 139 |  |  |
| 1960 | 206 |  |  |
| 1970 | 301 |  | 46.1% |
| 1980 | 194 |  | −35.5% |
| 1990 | 192 |  | −1.0% |
| 2000 | 126 |  | −34.4% |
| 2010 | 135 |  | 7.1% |
| 2020 | 120 |  | −11.1% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

At the 2000 census there were 126 people, 54 households, and 36 families in the town. The population density was 150.5 inhabitants per square mile (58.1/km2). There were 72 housing units at an average density of 86.0 per square mile (33.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.24% White, 0.79% African American and 3.97% Native American. Of the 54 households 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.3% were non-families. 31.5% of households were one person and 22.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.94.

The age distribution was 23.8% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 22.2% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.8 males.

The median household income was $30,000 and the median family income was $33,125. Males had a median income of $35,000 versus $26,667 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,980. There were 9.7% of families and 12.5% of the population living below the poverty line, including 11.1% of under eighteens and 18.8% of those over 64.

## Education

Salem has a lending library, a branch of the Oconee County Public Library.

## InfoBox

| Salem, South Carolina | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Welcome sign along (SC 130) | |
| Location in Oconee County and the state of South Carolina. | |
| Coordinates: 34°53′19″N 82°58′29″W / 34.88861°N 82.97472°W / 34.88861; -82.97472 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Carolina |
| County | Oconee |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.92 sq mi (2.37 km2) |
| Land | 0.92 sq mi (2.37 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,063 ft (324 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 120 |
| Density | 131.15/sq mi (50.61/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 29676 |
| Area codes | 864, 821 |
| FIPS code | 45-62980 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1230283 |
| Website | www.facebook.com/Salem-Town-Hall-1702501816656220/ |


title: Salem, South Dakota

abstract: Salem is the county seat of McCook County, South Dakota, United States. The city's population was 1,325 at the 2020 census. The current mayor is Shawn English.

text:
# Salem, South Dakota

**Salem** is the county seat of McCook County, South Dakota, United States. The city's population was 1,325 at the 2020 census. The current mayor is Shawn English.

## History

Salem was founded in 1880 and named after the postmaster's hometown of Salem, Massachusetts. Salem at one time was called **Melas** ('Melas' is Salem spelled backwards). This was to prevent confusion with the now non-existent community of Salena, South Dakota.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.24 square miles (3.21 km2), all land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1890 | 429 |  |  |
| 1900 | 741 |  | 72.7% |
| 1910 | 1,097 |  | 48.0% |
| 1920 | 1,187 |  | 8.2% |
| 1930 | 1,115 |  | −6.1% |
| 1940 | 1,185 |  | 6.3% |
| 1950 | 1,119 |  | −5.6% |
| 1960 | 1,188 |  | 6.2% |
| 1970 | 1,391 |  | 17.1% |
| 1980 | 1,486 |  | 6.8% |
| 1990 | 1,289 |  | −13.3% |
| 2000 | 1,371 |  | 6.4% |
| 2010 | 1,347 |  | −1.8% |
| 2020 | 1,325 |  | −1.6% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 1,347 people, 567 households, and 362 families living in the city. The population density was 1,086.3 inhabitants per square mile (419.4/km2). There were 667 housing units at an average density of 537.9 per square mile (207.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.8% White, 0.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.6% from other races, and 0.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.

There were 567 households, of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.2% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.90.

The median age in the city was 44.3 years. 24.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.4% were from 25 to 44; 23.8% were from 45 to 64; and 25.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

### 2000 census

| External videos | |
| --- | --- |
| 1500' TV Tower, Prairie Aerial, on YouTube, 2:07 | |

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,371 people, 588 households, and 372 families living in the city. The population density was 1,346.3 inhabitants per square mile (519.8/km2). There were 640 housing units at an average density of 628.5 per square mile (242.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.69% White, 0.07% African American, 0.44% Native American, 0.29% Asian, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.51% of the population.

Of the 588 households, 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 34.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.6% consisted of a lone resident 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.5% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 25.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $34,500, and the median income for a family was $44,167. Males had a median income of $29,350 versus $20,227 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,596. 3.4% of the population and 1.9% of families were below the poverty line. 2.9% of those under the age of 18 and 4.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

## Community

### Education

Salem, South Dakota is home to one public school and one private school. Public school McCook Central teaches students from kindergarten to high school, while Saint Mary's private school teaches kindergarten to eighth grade.

McCook Central High School had a student to teacher ratio of 13:1 and had 111 students enrolled in the 2013–14 school year. The high school's student body makeup for the 2013–14 school year was 49% male and 51% female. The public school has been under construction for over a year and its $7.1 million building project will soon be completed. The new building will house the middle school and high school students at the school. The new building will be replacing the original school which was built in 1924. The new school will have a stage, performing arts center, commons areas, classrooms, offices, and bathrooms. The most-popular student activities at the public school are FFA, band, chorus, and sports.

#### High school athletics

* Boys basketball
* Girls basketball
* Football
* Volleyball
* Wrestling
* Bowling
* Archery
* Track and field
* Baseball
* Girls golf
* Boys golf
* Girls cross country
* Boys cross country

### Entertainment/recreation

Salem has a country club with a nine-hole golf course, a bowling alley, three parks, a swimming pool, track, football field, gym, yoga, baseball diamond, and two softball diamonds. Salem also has a community library.

## InfoBox

| Salem, South Dakota | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Motto: "A City To Grow In......." | |
| Location in McCook County and the state of South Dakota | |
| Coordinates: 43°43′22″N 97°23′22″W / 43.72278°N 97.38944°W / 43.72278; -97.38944 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| County | McCook |
| Incorporated | 1888 |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Shawn “Ace” English |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.25 sq mi (3.24 km2) |
| Land | 1.25 sq mi (3.24 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,522 ft (464 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 1,325 |
| Density | 1,060.00/sq mi (409.15/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 57058 |
| Area code | 605 |
| FIPS code | 46-57340 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1267560 |
| Website | http://www.salemsd.com |


title: Buller's pocket gopher

abstract: Buller's pocket gopher is a species of gopher that is endemic to Mexico.

text:
# Buller's pocket gopher

**Buller's pocket gopher** (***Pappogeomys bulleri***) is a species of gopher that is endemic to Mexico.

## Taxonomy

It is monotypic within the genus ***Pappogeomys***. It includes the Alcorn's pocket gopher (*P. b. alcorni*) as a subspecies. Previously, this subspecies was considered a separate species.

## Description

*Pappogeomys bulleri* is endemic to west central Mexico. The total body length for this species is typically under 270 mm, and its body mass is typically under 250 g. The fur of *P. bulleri* can vary from a light shade of gray, to a darker shade depending on its geographic distribution and the tail, often naked and white, has a length that is half the head and body of this species. This pocket gopher is well adapted to burrowing, which is evident in the characteristic stocky build, fusiform shape, powerful jaws and incisors, large powerful forelimbs, and reduced hind limbs and hips often observed in this species. The diet of this species includes roots of xerophytic shrubs, grasses, and forbs.

## Habitat

The habitat dispersal of this species varies widely, ranging from forested highlands, mountain meadows, vegetated plains, and coastal lowlands including areas near sea level to above 3,000 m in elevation. *P. bulleri* can primarily be found in mountainous regions, inhabiting deep soils usually of volcanic origin. This species can also be found in semitropical environments where tropical shrubs can be used as a food source, as well as near propagated soil used for growing crops.

This species is highly successful in creating burrow systems that can be used for protection, both from environmental insults and predation, as well as for food storage and raising young. Burrows typically consist of a main passage which splits into many branches. Shallow tunnels near roots and other food sources are used for foraging, whereas the deeper tunnels are used as nesting sites and food storage. The average depth of a burrow inhabited by *P. bulleri* is 19.9 cm, with a mean tunnel diameter of 8.9 cm.

## InfoBox

| Buller's pocket gopher | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Geomyidae |
| Genus: | *Pappogeomys*
Merriam, 1895 |
| Species: | ***P. bulleri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pappogeomys bulleri***
(Thomas, 1892) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Geomys bulleri* Thomas, 1892 * *Pappogeomys alcorni*
Russell, 1957 | |


title: Buller Conservation Group

abstract: Buller Conservation Group is a registered incorporated society and an environmental organisation active on the West Coast of New Zealand. The organisation was actively involved in supporting Native Forest Action's campaigns against Timberlands logging of native forest, and Solid Energy's pollution of the Waimangaroa River. The organisation has been actively campaigning against the open cast mining of coal on Department of Conservation land. A key organiser of the group, Pete Lusk, stood down as spokesperson after harassment and threats from locals, culminating in a pipe bomb exploding in his letterbox.

text:
# Buller Conservation Group

**Buller Conservation Group** is a registered incorporated society and an environmental organisation active on the West Coast of New Zealand.

The organisation was actively involved in supporting Native Forest Action's campaigns against Timberlands logging of native forest, and Solid Energy's pollution of the Waimangaroa River.

The organisation has been actively campaigning against the open cast mining of coal on Department of Conservation land. A key organiser of the group, Pete Lusk, stood down as spokesperson after harassment and threats from locals, culminating in a pipe bomb exploding in his letterbox.


abstract: Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo was one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elected its Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo was located in the Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo district of the erstwhile Northern Region of Ghana. It was split into the Bunkpurugu and Yunyoo constituencies prior to the 2012 Ghanaian general election.

text:
# Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo (Ghana parliament constituency)

**Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo** was one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elected its Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo was located in the Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo district of the erstwhile Northern Region of Ghana. It was split into the Bunkpurugu and Yunyoo constituencies prior to the 2012 Ghanaian general election.

## Boundaries

The seat is located within the Bole district of the Northern Region of Ghana.

## Members of Parliament

| Election | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1992 | Joseph Yaani Labik | National Democratic Congress |
| 2000 | Namburr Berrick | National Democratic Congress |
| 2004 | Joseph Yaani Labik | Independent |
| 2008 | Duut Emmanuel Kwame | National Democratic Congress |
| 2012 | *Constituency split into Bunkpurugu and Yunyoo constituencies* | |

## Elections

MPs elected in the Ghana parliamentary election, 2008: Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo
*Source:Ghana Home Page*
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | National Democratic Congress | Duut Emmanuel Kwame | 9,205 | 28.7 | 7.4 |
|  | New Patriotic Party | Dubik Mahama Yakubu | 6,800 | 21.2 | −1.6 |
|  | Independent | Joseph Labik Yaani | 6,395 | 19.9 | −6.6 |
|  | Independent | Joseph Bipuba Naabu | 5,875 | 18.3 |  |
|  | People's National Convention | Dubik Abraham Saman | 2,425 | 7.6 | −0.2 |
|  | Independent | Jabon Thomas Lomnan | 915 | 2.9 |  |
|  | Democratic Freedom Party | John B. Bugri | 301 | 0.9 |  |
|  | Convention People's Party | Duut Martin Kombian | 162 | 0.5 | −0.9 |
| Majority | | | 2,405 | 7.5 | 3.8 |
| Turnout | | |  |  |  |

2004 Ghanaian parliamentary election: Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo
*Source:Electoral Commission of Ghana*
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | Joseph Yaani Labik | 8,436 | 26.5 | 4.4 |
|  | New Patriotic Party | Mahama Yakubu Dubik | 7,265 | 22.8 | 9.4 |
|  | National Democratic Congress | Namburr Berrick | 6,791 | 21.3 | −4.5 |
|  | Independent | Joseph Bipoba Naabu | 6,447 | 20.2 |  |
|  | People's National Convention | Saman A. Dubik | 2,480 | 7.8 | −7.2 |
|  | Convention People's Party | Duut Martin Kombian | 461 | 1.4 | 0.3 |
| Majority | | | 1,171 | 3.7 | 0.0 |
| Turnout | | | 33,616 | 90.5 |  |

2000 Ghanaian parliamentary election: Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo
*Source:Adam Carr's Election Archive*
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | National Democratic Congress | Namburr Berrick | 7,251 | 25.8 | −54.6 |
|  | Independent | Joseph Yaani Labik | 6,206 | 22.1 |  |
|  | Independent | Elizabeth P Poyari | 4,224 | 15.0 |  |
|  | People's National Convention | James Lamisi Nawang | 4,220 | 15.0 | 6.4 |
|  | New Patriotic Party | David Dubique Konlaa | 3,779 | 13.4 |  |
|  | National Reform Party | Thomas Akar Gyimah | 2,141 | 7.6 |  |
|  | Convention People's Party | Konmong A Elijah | 304 | 1.1 |  |
| Majority | | | 1,045 | 3.7 | −65.7 |
| Turnout | | | 28,125 |  |  |

1996 Ghanaian parliamentary election: Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo
*Source:Electoral Commission of Ghana*
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | National Democratic Congress | Joseph Yaani Labik | 26,017 | 80.4 |  |
|  | People's Convention Party | David Dubique Konlaa | 3,547 | 11.0 |  |
|  | People's National Convention | Kombian Banamin | 2,785 | 8.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 22,470 | 69.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 33,475 | 82.2 |  |

1992 Ghanaian parliamentary election: Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo
*Source:Electoral Commission of Ghana*
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | National Democratic Congress | Joseph Yaani Labik |  |  |  |
| Majority | | |  |  |  |
| Turnout | | |  |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo | |
| --- | --- |
| constituency<br>for the Parliament of Ghana | |
|  | |
| District | Bunkpurugu-Yunyoo District |
| Region | Northern Region of Ghana |
| Current constituency | |
| Party | National Democratic Congress |
| MP | Duut Emmanuel Kwame |


title: Bunky Green

abstract: Vernice "Bunky" Green Jr is an American jazz alto saxophonist and educator.

text:
# Bunky Green

**Vernice** "**Bunky**" **Green Jr** (born April 23, 1935) is an American jazz alto saxophonist and educator.

## Biography

Green was raised in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he played the alto saxophone, mainly at a local club called "The Brass Rail".

Green's first break came when he was hired in New York City by Charles Mingus as a replacement for Jackie McLean in the 1950s. His brief stint with the bass player and composer made a deep impression. Mingus' sparing use of notation and his belief that there was no such thing as a wrong note had a lasting influence on Green's own style.

Green moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he performed with players such as Sonny Stitt, Louie Bellson, Andrew Hill, Yusef Lateef, and Ira Sullivan. Originally strongly influenced by Charlie Parker, Green spent a period reassessing his style and studying, emerging with a highly distinctive sound that has deeply influenced a number of younger saxophonists, including Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.

Green gradually withdrew from the public eye to develop a career as a jazz educator. He taught at Chicago State University from 1972–1989, and in the 1990s took up the directorship of the jazz studies program at the University of North Florida in Jacksonville, where he taught and acted as chair of Jazz Studies until his retirement in 2011. He has also served a term as the president of the International Association for Jazz Education and been elected to the Jazz Education Hall of Fame.

Green recorded several albums during the 1960s, including *Step High* (featuring Wynton Kelly and Jimmy Cobb), *Playing for Keeps*, and *Soul in the Night* (which paired Green with Sonny Stitt). In addition to a handful of records as a leader on the Vanguard label during the 1970s, he also recorded several albums with Elvin Jones, including *Summit Meeting* and *Time Capsule*. His 1989 session on the Delos label, *Healing the Pain*, commemorates the death of his parents and was awarded the coveted 5-star rating from *DownBeat* magazine. Green's studio album, *Another Place* (which features the rhythm section of Jason Moran, Lonnie Plaxico, and Nasheet Waits), also received a 5-star review from *Down Beat*. In July 2008, his recording *The Salzau Quartet Live at Jazz Baltica* was released.

## Discography

### As leader/co-leader

### As sideman

**With Fontella Bass**

* "You'll Miss Me (When I'm Gone)" / "Don't Jump" with Bobby McClure (Checker, 1965)
* "Safe and Sound" (Checker, 1966)
* "Recovery" / "Leave It in the Hands of Love" (Checker, 1966)
* "I Can't Rest" / "Surrender" (Checker, 1966)
* *The New Look* (Checker, 1966)

**With others**

## InfoBox

| Bunky Green | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Vernice Green Jr |
| Born | (1935-04-23) April 23, 1935<br>Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S. |
| Genres | Jazz |
| Occupation(s) | Musician, educator |
| Instrument | Alto saxophone |
| Years active | 1940s–1980s |
| Labels | Exodus, Argo, Vanguard, Delos, Pi, Label Bleu |


title: Burnet Cave

abstract: Burnet Cave is an important archaeological and paleontological site located in Eddy County, New Mexico, United States within the Guadalupe Mountains about 26 miles west of Carlsbad.

text:
# Burnet Cave

**Burnet Cave** (also known as **Rocky Arroyo Cave of Wetmore**) is an important archaeological and paleontological site located in Eddy County, New Mexico, United States within the Guadalupe Mountains about 26 miles west of Carlsbad.

## Physical details

The cave has a southern exposure and is reported as being 21 m (70 feet) from the canyon floor. It has an elevation of 1402 m (4600 feet) according to Shultz and Howard (1935).

## Archaeological finds

The cave originally had two walls. They were removed by locals several years before professional excavation began. The locals also dug several 3 foot deep holes and removed several baskets (one containing charred bones), fragments of netting, hide, sandals, and beads.

Excavation began in Burnet Cave under returning student E. B. Howard who was working under Alden Mason's Southwestern Expeditions sponsored by the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology. The first southwestern trip was in 1929 and Bill Burnet showed them this cave on one of the first trips west. The early field seasons at Burnet Cave were 1930, 1931, and 1932, and they went back again in 1936 and 1937 (Howard 1936:22, 1943b). Additional survey work in the Guadalupe Mountains was done in 1934 as well but no new early sites were found (Howard 1935). Three cremated burials were found, with material, including a sper point, dating it to the Basket Maker (Ancestral Puebloans) culture.

The first Clovis point (termed Folsom-like by the excavator) found in the modern era was excavated in situ at Burnet Cave five feet, seven inches below ground surface (well below the burial level) on the edge of a hearth with burnt bison and musk-ox bones in August 1931(UPenn Museum catalog # 31-47-36) (Boldurian and Cotter 1999:73). This find may predate the Dent Site, Clovis, and all others proposed as being the first in situ Clovis find in the Americas. Howard brought this projectile point to the 1931 Pecos Conference and showed it to several people, including Frank H H Roberts (discussed in Woodbury's Pecos history- 1983).

Until about 1950 Burnet Cave was considered to be among the handful of truly reliable intact Clovis sites but around that time it seems to have fallen out of favor because it was a cave, with an unusual Clovis faunule, that lacked the dramatic visions of the Mammoth-killing big game hunters myth then coming into vogue.

Burnet Cave was the first multi-component Paleoindian site excavated, though no additional. The Clovis layer was four feet below the lowest layer containing Basketmaker material. The fine dirt was run through a ¼" screen at the front of the cave, something quite unusual for archaeological fieldwork at this time (Boldurian and Cotter 1999:7). The poet Loren Eiseley was a member of Howard's crew and wrote scathingly about his experiences in the Guadalupe Mountains.

## Paleontology finds

* Emslie, S. D. 1987. Age and diet of fossil California condors in Grand Canyon, Arizona. Science 237:768-770.
* Harris, A. H. 1985. Late Pleistocene vertebrate paleoecology of the West. University of Texas Press, Austin, 293 pp.
* Hester, J. J. 1960. Late Pleistocene extinction and radiocarbon dating. American Antiquity 26:58-77.
* Howard, E. B. 1932. Caves along the slopes of the Guadalupe Mountains. Texas Archeological and Paleontological Society 4:7-20.
* Howard, H. 1962. Bird remains from a prehistoric cave deposit in Grant County, New Mexico. Condor 64:241-242.
* Howard, H. 1968. Limb measurements of the extinct vulture, Coragyps occidentalis. Pp. 115–128, *in* Collected papers in honor of Lyndon Lane Hargrave (A. H. Schroeder, ed.). Papers of the Archaeological Society of New Mexico 1.
* Howard, H. 1974. Postcranial elements of the extinct condor Breagyps clarki (Miller). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 256:1-24.
* Howard, H., and A. H. Miller. 1933. Bird remains from cave deposits in New Mexico. Condor 35:15-18.
* Murray, Keith F., "Pleistocene Climate and the Fauna of Burnet Cave, New Mexico", Ecology, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 129–32, 1957
* Rea, A. M. 1980. Late Pleistocene and Holocene turkeys in the Southwest. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 330:209-224.
* Rickart, E. A. 1977. Pleistocene lizards from Burnet and Dark Canyon caves, Guadalupe Mountain, New Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist 21:519-522.
* Schultz, C. B., and E. B. Howard. 1935. The fauna of Burnet Cave, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 87:273-298.
* Schultz, C. B., L. D. Martin, and L. G. Tanner. 1970. Mammalian distribution in the Great Plains and adjacent areas from 14,000 to 9,000 years ago. AMQUA Abstract, 1st Meeting, 1970:119-120.
* University of Texas - El Paso, Pleistocene Vertebrates of New Mexico and Trans-Pecos Texas
* Wetmore, A. 1931. The California condor in New Mexico. Condor 33:76-77.
* Wetmore, A. 1932. Additional records of birds from cavern deposits in New Mexico. Condor 34:141-142.

1. Lucas, S.G.; Sullivan, R.M. *Vertebrate Paleontology in New Mexico: Bulletin 68*. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. p. 404.

## InfoBox

| Burnet Cave | |
| --- | --- |
| Rocky Arroyo Cave of Wetmore | |
| Location | Eddy County |
| Coordinates | 32°22′00″N 104°47′00″W / 32.3667°N 104.7833°W / 32.3667; -104.7833 |
| Height variation | 21 m |


abstract: Bulletproof is a collaborative studio album by Brian Cadd and Australian 1970s rock band The Bootleg Family Band. It was released in November 2016. The album was promoted with a tour in November 2016.

text:
# Bulletproof (Brian Cadd and the Bootleg Family Band album)

***Bulletproof*** is a collaborative studio album by Brian Cadd and Australian 1970s rock band The Bootleg Family Band. It was released in November 2016.

The album was promoted with a tour in November 2016.

## Background

In 1972, Australian songwriting Brian Cadd and Ron Tudor created a band of Melbourne's most seasoned musicians and anointed them The Bootleg Family Band. The group scored a couple of Top 10 hits in Australia with covers of Loggins and Messina’s "Your Mama Don't Dance" and Betty Everett’s "The Shoop Shoop Song". The band was renamed when Brian Cadd left for the United States in 1975 to pursue his solo career.

The idea to record an album first began in 2013, but it took three years to record. "It was mostly about getting back together with the actual Bootleg Family Band again, we decided to go into the studio for a few days and see what happened. The original vibe returned almost immediately and it was just like 40 years ago, Coxy still telling the same jokes he told back in 1973. It was funny and lovely." Brian said on the decision to reunite, record and tour.

The album celebrates a collection of previously unreleased songs Cadd had stored away, some that he had penned for and were previously recorded by other performers, and songs which were crafted in a studio. Cadd said "Most songwriters have a couple of songs that they’ve written for other artists that they’ve always felt they would have loved to have a go at themselves. As a solo artist I have always been expected to do ballads and story songs. Deep down where I live, it’s all rock n roll." The album is described as "a powerful, rollicking, rock n roll album that will transport listeners back to the live show sounds of Brian Cadd with his famous Bootleg Family Band."

In 2016, Cadd also celebrated his 50th year in the music business and 70th birthday.

## Reception

Jeff Jenkins from *Stack Magazine* said; "Cadd reclaims some songs originally recorded by other artists, including "Love Is Like a Rolling Stone" (The Pointer Sisters), "I Still Can't Believe It's True" (Joe Cocker) and "Yesterday Dreams" (Bonnie Tyler), and uncovers some new gems, including the beautifully boisterous "Long Time 'Till The First Time"... *Bulletproof* shows there's a lot of life left in Brian Cadd. In fact, I don't think he's made a better album; these songs have a spirit that can't be denied. Not bad for a bloke who's just turned 70. Bulletproof, indeed."

## Track listing

1. "Bulletproof" – 4:27
2. "I Still Can't Believe It's True" – 3:38
3. "Slow Walk" – 2:46
4. "Love Is Like a Rolling Stone" – 3:19
5. "Black Queen" – 5:02
6. "Long Time 'Till the First Time" – 4:07
7. "Yesterday Dreams" – 3:46
8. "The One That Got Away" – 3:58
9. "Catching It All On the Straightway" – 4:28
10. "Something Good's Gotta Turnaround" – 4:14
11. "Hell Outta Dodge" – 3:14
12. "On the Edge" – 3:33

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Edition(s) | Label | Catalogue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Australia | 11 November 2016 |  | Standard | Caddmann Enterprises / MGM | CDMN006 |

## InfoBox

| Bulletproof | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Brian Cadd and The Bootleg Family Band | |
| Released | 11 November 2016 |
| Recorded | 2014–2016 |
| Studio | Furstock Studio, Melbourne |
| Genre | Rock music |
| Label | Caddmann Enterprises / MGM |
| Producer | Brian Cadd |
| Brian Cadd chronology | |
| *The Story of Sharky and the Caddman*
(2013) ***Bulletproof***
(2016) | |
|  | |
| The Bootleg Family Band chronology | |
| *The Bootleg Family Band Extended Play*
(1976) ***Bulletproof***
(2016) | |
|  | |


title: Bulletproof (Raheem DeVaughn song)

abstract: "Bulletproof" is a song by American singer Raheem DeVaughn, it is the first single from his third studio album, The Love & War MasterPeace (2010). This song features rapper Ludacris, and samples Curtis Mayfield's "The Other Side of Town".

text:
# Bulletproof (Raheem DeVaughn song)

"**Bulletproof**" is a song by American singer Raheem DeVaughn, it is the first single from his third studio album, *The Love & War MasterPeace* (2010). This song features rapper Ludacris, and samples Curtis Mayfield's "The Other Side of Town".

## Music video

The music video was directed by Todd Angkasuwan and released across the web via DeVaughn's blog on October 23, 2009. It premiered on BET on December 8, 2009.

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (2009) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 46 |

1. "Raheem DeVaughn Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". *Billboard*. Retrieved June 21, 2024.

## InfoBox

| "Bulletproof" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Raheem DeVaughn featuring Ludacris | |
| from the album  *The Love & War MasterPeace* | |
| Released | September 22, 2009 |
| Recorded | 2009 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 4:44 |
| Label | Jive Records |
| Songwriter(s) | * Bridges * DeVaughn * Gonzalez * Mayfield |
| Raheem DeVaughn singles chronology | |
| "Text Messages"
(2008) "**Bulletproof**"
(2009) "I Don't Care"
(2010) | |
|  | |
| Ludacris singles chronology | |
| "Addicted To Money"
(2009) "**Bulletproof**"
(2009) "Regret"
(2009) | |
|  | |


title: Salem and Lowell Railroad

abstract: The Salem and Lowell Railroad, chartered in 1848, was a railroad in Massachusetts that connected the towns of Peabody and Tewksbury. The company connected to other railroads at both ends to provide service to its two namesake cities - the Lowell and Lawrence Railroad at Tewksbury Junction, and the Essex Railroad at Peabody. Construction was completed in 1850, with train operations contracted to the Lowell and Lawrence until 1858, when the Boston and Lowell Railroad took over both companies. In 1887, the Boston and Maine Railroad took over the Boston and Lowell and became the new operator of the Salem and Lowell. The line gradually declined in importance from the start of the 20th century, and was progressively abandoned from 1925 onwards. The last trains ran on the route in 1980, and the remainder of the route formally abandoned in 1987. Parts of the right of way are now a rail-trail.

text:
# Salem and Lowell Railroad

The **Salem and Lowell Railroad**, chartered in 1848, was a railroad in Massachusetts that connected the towns of Peabody (near Salem) and Tewksbury (near Lowell). The company connected to other railroads at both ends to provide service to its two namesake cities - the Lowell and Lawrence Railroad at Tewksbury Junction, and the Essex Railroad at Peabody. Construction was completed in 1850, with train operations contracted to the Lowell and Lawrence until 1858, when the Boston and Lowell Railroad took over both companies. In 1887, the Boston and Maine Railroad took over the Boston and Lowell and became the new operator of the Salem and Lowell. The line gradually declined in importance from the start of the 20th century, and was progressively abandoned from 1925 onwards. The last trains ran on the route in 1980, and the remainder of the route formally abandoned in 1987. Parts of the right of way are now a rail-trail.

## Founding and construction

The Salem and Lowell Railroad was chartered in 1848 to connect its namesake cities. However, the route did not directly reach either Salem or Lowell, instead connecting to other railroads at each end of the line near the two cities. In Peabody, the Salem and Lowell connected with the Essex Railroad which had an existing line on the final two miles (3.2 km) to Salem; in Tewksbury, the Salem and Lowell met the Lowell and Lawrence Railroad, itself under construction at the time, for the remaining six miles (9.7 km) to Lowell. The company was formally incorporated on May 30, 1849, in Lawrence. Construction began in 1849, with grading of the route completed by May 1850. Following the installation of the tracks, the railroad ran its inaugural trains on August 1, 1850. Besides its main line, the Salem and Lowell also built a two mile (3.2 km) long branch to Salem Harbor. The Salem Harbor Branch was connected to the rest of the Salem and Lowell system by trackage rights over the Essex Railroad.

## Operating history

Upon opening, the Salem and Lowell awarded the Lowell and Lawrence a contract to operate its line; the Salem and Lowell Railroad never operated its own trains. Even before opening, plans began for the railroad to transport significant amounts of grain and flour from Salem, which were highly in demand in Lowell. The line passed to the Boston and Lowell Railroad (B&L) in 1858, which had decided to lease both it and the Lowell and Lawrence as part of its strategy to compete with the Boston and Maine Railroad (B&M). Under the B&L, Salem became a significant port for the import of coal, much of which travelled over the Salem and Lowell to reach interior parts of New England. In 1871, the B&L paid $468,000 to purchase a majority of the Salem and Lowell's shares and take direct control of the company. The Salem and Lowell Railroad agreed to sell its assets to the Boston and Lowell on April 16, 1879, ending its existence as a separate company.

The railroad was the site of a derailment on November 10, 1883, when a passenger train bound for Salem struck a cow on the tracks and derailed. The first reports of the accident claimed that "the entire train went off the track" and "the engineer was probably fatally injured." However, the Boston Evening Transcript reported that in reality only the locomotive derailed, with the engineer slightly hurt and no passengers harmed, and that "The first reports of the accident were greatly exaggerated."

The B&L's long time rival B&M leased its competitor in 1887, inheriting the Salem and Lowell as well. The route gained a significant new customer in Peabody, the Essex Trap Rock and Construction Company, which began construction in 1905 and connected to the line with several spur tracks. On the rest of the line, traffic generally declined from the start of the 20th century. The first part of the line to be discontinued was the 4-mile (6.4 km) segment between Tewksbury Junction and Wilmington Junction, which duplicated other B&M lines. This segment, which generated almost zero traffic for the Boston and Maine, saw its last trains in August 1924, followed by formal abandonment in late 1925. Passenger train service was cancelled on the entire line in September 1932, and freight service was cut back further to North Reading in May 1935. This portion of the line saw very little traffic and was abandoned in 1939 beyond a point half a mile (0.8 km) west of South Middleton where the furthest remaining rail served customers were located. In 1962, the eastern end of the line from Peabody to West Peabody was also abandoned, leaving only the spur to South Middleton and the Salem Harbor Branch. The latter was abandoned as well around 1970. The remaining tracks to South Middleton served some customers, and connected to another B&M line in South Peabody. This remnant of the Salem and Lowell saw its final train service in 1980, and with its abandonment in 1987 no active portions of the line remained.

## Post-railroad use

The section in Lynnfield and Peabody was later converted to the Independence Greenway. In July 2020, the state awarded $45,000 for a feasibility study of a trail on the right-of-way in North Reading along with the design of a bridge over Route 1 in Peabody. $500,000 for design of an extension of the Peabody segment was awarded in 2022.

## InfoBox

Salem and Lowell Railroad
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| The Salem and Lowell Railroad's station in Salem, Massachusetts, in the late 19th century. This station was demolished in 1912. | |
| Overview | |
| Dates of operation | 18501879 |
| Successor | Boston and Lowell Railroad |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge |
| Length | 18 miles (29 km) (including Salem Harbor Branch, not including trackage rights) |


title: Samaguri Beel

abstract: Samaguri Beel is an ox-bow shaped (U-shaped) wetland and lake located near to Nagaon town in Nagaon district of Assam. The Beel is situated in the Brahmaputra River basin. The lake was formed by the abandoned path of the Kolong River.

text:
# Samaguri Beel

**Samaguri Beel** (also known as **Pokhi Tirtha** or **Bird Pilgrimage**) is an ox-bow shaped (U-shaped) wetland and lake located near to Nagaon town in Nagaon district of Assam. The Beel is situated in the Brahmaputra River basin. The lake was formed by the abandoned path of the Kolong River.

## Etymology

Samaguri Beel is popularly known as *Pokhi Tirtha*. *Pokhi Tirtha* is the Assamese term for *Bird Pilgrimage*. Migratory birds use this lake for during their winter stopovers.

## Avifauna

Varieties of species of migratory bird visit the Samaguri during winter, such as Lesser whistling duck, Fulvous whistling duck, Ferruginous pochard, Whiskered tern, Cotton pygmy goose, Cinnamon bittern, Grey-headed lapwing etc. This lake is a natural habitat to many varieties of birds, too; such as Bronze-winged jacana, Indian Pond Heron, Oriental Darter, Cattle Egret, White-throated kingfisher, Common Kingfisher, Grey-headed swamphen, Common Moorhen, White-breasted waterhen, Little Egret, Osprey, Little Cormorant, Asian openbill etc.

List of lakes of Assam

## InfoBox

| Samaguri Beel | |
| --- | --- |
| Pokhi Tirtha (Bird Pilgrimage) | |
| চামগুৰি বিল (Assamese) | |
| Ropeway at Samaguri Beel | |
| Samaguri BeelSamaguri Beel | |
| Location | Samaguri, near Nagaon, Nagaon district, Assam, India |
| Coordinates | 26°25′25.4″N 92°51′39.7″E / 26.423722°N 92.861028°E / 26.423722; 92.861028 |


title: Burnette Haskell

abstract: Burnette Haskell was an American radical best known for co-founding the Kaweah Co-operative Commonwealth. He was also involved in anarchist and labor causes.

text:
# Burnette Haskell

**Burnette Haskell** (June 11, 1857 – November 16, 1907) was an American radical best known for co-founding the Kaweah Co-operative Commonwealth. He was also involved in anarchist and labor causes.

## Life

Burnette Haskell was born in Sierra County, California, in 1857. He attended Oberlin College, the University of Illinois, and the University of California. Haskell was admitted to the State Bar of California in 1879 and worked with the California Republican State Committee before turning to labor organizing. He worked on *The Truth*, which was associated with the San Francisco Trade Assembly. Haskell frequently changed his political leanings, leading to his reputation in the labor movement as "brilliant but erratic".

Inspired by Laurence Gronlund's 1884 *Co-operative Commonwealth*, he organized the Cooperative land Purchase and Colonization Association of California with James Martin the next year. The group was closely connected with the anarchists, socialists, and unionists of the San Francisco International Workingmen's Association. Haskell and Martin led 53 colonists to found the Kaweah Co-operative Commonwealth in the Sierra forest (now Sequoia National Park) of Tulare County, California, in 1885. The group supported itself through timber harvesting and grew to 150 colonists. Socialist Gerald Geraldson and Gronlund supplied outside financial aid as well. The colony dissolved in January 1892 between a government land suit, colonist factionalism, and difficulties with Haskell's personality. Other sources claim that the Southern Pacific Railroad colluded with politicians to seize the colony's land. Eminent domain was used in 1890 to turn the colony's land into part of Sequoia National Park.

Haskell died in California in 1907.

## Personal life

Haskell married Annie Fader, a socialist and suffragist, in 1882. Their son, Astaroth, known as Roth, was born in 1886. The couple split in 1897 but remained married through Haskell's 1907 death.

## Bibliography

* Fogarty, Robert S. (1980). "Haskell, Burnette". *Dictionary of American Communal and Utopian History*. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-313-21347-2. OCLC 251590189.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Burnette Haskell | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1857-06-11)June 11, 1857
Sierra County, California |
| Died | November 16, 1907(1907-11-16) (aged 50)
San Francisco, California |
| Nationality | American |
| Known for | Kaweah Co-operative Commonwealth |


title: Butte City, Amador County, California

text:
# Butte City, Amador County, California

The Butte store is the only structure still standing of the original mining town of Butte City. It used to be one of 100 buildings. It was built in 1857 by Enrico Bruni, an Italian stonemason. It is made of brick and fieldstone from Calaveras. It also has three doors made of iron. Xavier Benoist used it as a store and bakery. The building served as a post office. It was also a general store called Ginocchio's. The Ginnochio family owned it for 50 years. It closed in the 1900s. It is a California Historical Landmark.

## InfoBox

| Butte City (Amador County) | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Butte Store, 2012 | |
| Butte City (Amador County)Location in CaliforniaButte City (Amador County)Butte City (Amador County) (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 38°19′33″N 120°44′7″W / 38.32583°N 120.73528°W / 38.32583; -120.73528 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | Amador County |
| Elevation | 1,036 ft (316 m) |


title: Burke's Law (1963 TV series)

abstract: Burke's Law is an American detective series that aired on ABC from 1963 to 1966. The show starred Gene Barry as millionaire captain of Los Angeles Police homicide division Amos Burke, who is chauffeured around to solve crimes in his 1962 Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud II complete with an early car phone. The original series was converted into a spy drama, Amos Burke Secret Agent, in its third and final season. The series was revived in 1994–1995 on CBS, with Barry reprising the role of the millionaire detective.

text:
# Burke's Law (1963 TV series)

***Burke's Law*** is an American detective series that aired on ABC from 1963 to 1966. The show starred Gene Barry as millionaire captain of Los Angeles Police homicide division Amos Burke, who is chauffeured around to solve crimes in his 1962 Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud II complete with an early car phone.

The original series was converted into a spy drama, ***Amos Burke Secret Agent***, in its third and final season. The series was revived in 1994–1995 on CBS, with Barry reprising the role of the millionaire detective.

## Premise

The show shares stylistic similarities with Barry's previous series, *Bat Masterson*, in which he played a debonair lawman of the Old West. During the opening credits, as the title flashes onscreen, a woman's voice seductively pronounces the words "It's Burke's Law!" The title also reflects Burke's habit of dispensing wisdom to his underlings in a professorial manner, *e.g.*, "Never ask a question unless you already know the answer. Burke's Law."

The anomaly of a millionaire police captain is explained in a first episode conversation between Detective Tim Tilson and a potential witness. Told that Amos Burke is Head of the Homicide Division and a millionaire, the witness asks: "Why a cop?"

> Tilson: "Why're you a construction man?"
>
> Witness: "It's what I do best."
>
> Tilson: "That's why he's a cop."

A variant is repeated in the 1994 revival.

The title of each episode begins with the words "Who Killed...?" with the name or description of the victim (who invariably dies or is found dead in the show's opening minutes) completing it. Five or six "special guest stars" comprise the list of suspects. Burke is then driven to the crime scene in his Rolls-Royce by his loyal chauffeur, Henry.

Burke is an eligible bachelor whose dates with various gorgeous women are often interrupted by calls to begin a new case. He can be—though rarely—distracted by an alluring woman, and is often the object of much female interest.

Burke is assisted by Detective Tim Tilson (Gary Conway), Detective Sergeant Les Hart (Regis Toomey), and chauffeur Henry (Philippine actor Leon Lontoc). Two recurring characters were coroner George McLeod/McCloud (Michael Fox) and desk sergeant Gloria Ames (Eileen O'Neill).

Tilson is a brilliant, thorough young detective whose skill at finding clues and tracing references results in his "almost" solving the crime, only to be outflanked by Burke's cool intuition and years of experience. Les Hart is a no-nonsense, seen-it-all veteran (perhaps a nod to Toomey's numerous roles as cops in feature films) who has known Burke for years and is on a first name basis, while Henry often provides comic relief. The characters share a team camaraderie reflected in mild jokes about each other's foibles.

## Spin-off

Actress Anne Francis, who appears in season-one episode "Who Killed Wade Walker?" and as female private detective Honey West in season-two episode "Who Killed the Jackpot?", starred in the 30-episode spin-off *Honey West* TV series. (See also *Burke's Law* (1994 TV series) episode 3, "Who Killed Nick Hazard?").

## History

The role of Amos Burke actually antedated Barry's series, having been played by Dick Powell in "Who Killed Julie Greer?," the initial episode of *The Dick Powell Show* in September 1961. The first incarnation of the series was produced by Powell's company, Four Star Television. As in the later series, the episode features several well-known TV and movie stars in cameo appearances as suspects – one of whom is the murderer (in the original Dick Powell episode Ronald Reagan played one of the suspects). John Damler played Sgt. Hart, the role played in the show by Regis Toomey. Leon Lontoc was the only cast member of the episode to reprise his role in the later series.

In the final season of the original series (1965–1966), the show was given a complete overhaul and retitled *Amos Burke Secret Agent*. Burke went to work for a secret government agency, but still drove around in his Rolls, which had been discreetly bulletproofed by the agency. The supporting cast of the earlier seasons was dropped, as was the heavy use of celebrity cameos. The change in format was a reaction to the wildly popular spy trend inspired by the James Bond films and the television success of *The Man from U.N.C.L.E.*; 1965 also saw the debuts of *I Spy*, *The Wild Wild West*, and *Get Smart*. The new show was not a success and only 17 episodes were broadcast instead of the 32 of the first two seasons.

As of 2010, the Rolls-Royce used in the original 1963 series was owned by a collector in Palm Beach, Florida.

## Cast

### Main

### Recurring

### Regulars

In addition, a number of actors appeared regularly in various roles through seasons 1 and 2:

* June Kim variously as "girl/housegirl/maid" (season 1)
* Don Gazzaniga as policemen (seasons 1–2)
* Bob Bice, bit parts (seasons 1–2)
* Paul Dubov, bit parts; wrote various episodes (seasons 1–2)
* Hy Averback, bit parts; directed various episodes (season 1)
* Army Archerd as himself/bit parts (seasons 1–2)

### Guest stars (partial list)

In alphabetical order:

Eddie Albert, June Allyson, Don Ameche, Mary Astor, Frankie Avalon, Ed Begley, William Bendix, Joan Blondell, Ann Blyth, Hoagy Carmichael, Rory Calhoun, John Cassavetes, Dick Clark, Jeanne Crain, Broderick Crawford, Arlene Dahl, Sammy Davis Jr., Linda Darnell, Laraine Day, Yvonne DeCarlo, William Demarest, Andy Devine, Diana Dors, Joanne Dru, Dan Duryea, Barbara Eden, Nanette Fabray, Felicia Farr, Rhonda Fleming, Nina Foch, Anne Francis, Annette Funicello, Eva Gabor, Zsa Zsa Gabor, Gloria Grahame, Jane Greer, Tammy Grimes, George Hamilton, Phil Harris, June Havoc, Richard Haydn, Celeste Holm, Oscar Homolka, Edward Everett Horton, Rodolfo Hoyos Jr., Tab Hunter, Betty Hutton, Martha Hyer, Carolyn Jones, Buster Keaton, Eartha Kitt, Frankie Laine, Fernando Lamas, Dorothy Lamour, Elsa Lanchester, Lauren Lane, Gypsy Rose Lee, Ida Lupino, Tina Louise, Paul Lynde, Jayne Mansfield, Marilyn Maxwell, Virginia Mayo, Burgess Meredith, Una Merkel, Dina Merrill, Vera Miles, Sal Mineo, Ricardo Montalbán, Elizabeth Montgomery, Agnes Moorehead, Rita Moreno, Sheree North, Susan Oliver, Janis Paige, Fess Parker, Suzy Parker, Bert Parks, Walter Pidgeon, Zasu Pitts, Juliet Prowse, Basil Rathbone, Aldo Ray, Martha Raye, Carl Reiner, Don Rickles, Ruth Roman, Cesar Romero, Mickey Rooney, Gena Rowlands, Janice Rule, Soupy Sales, Telly Savalas, Lizabeth Scott, William Shatner, Nancy Sinatra, Jan Sterling, Jill St. John, Gale Storm, Susan Strasberg, Gloria Swanson, Terry-Thomas, Miyoshi Umeki, Mamie van Doren, James Whitmore, Michael Wilding, Chill Wills, Ed Wynn, Keenan Wynn.

## Episodes

| Season | Episodes | | Originally aired | | Series title |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | First aired | Last aired ||
|  | 32 | | September 20, 1963 (1963-09-20) | May 8, 1964 (1964-05-08) | *Burke's Law* |
|  | 32 | | September 16, 1964 (1964-09-16) | May 5, 1965 (1965-05-05) | *Burke's Law* |
|  | 17 | | September 15, 1965 (1965-09-15) | January 12, 1966 (1966-01-12) | *Amos Burke Secret Agent* |

## Music

The musical score for *Burke's Law* was largely the work of Herschel Burke Gilbert, who also wrote the show's theme, although Richard Shores and Joseph Mullendore also composed scores. Gilbert's theme was rearranged for *Amos Burke, Secret Agent*.

## Home media

The following DVD sets of *Burke's Law* have been released by VCI Entertainment.

| DVD set | | Episodes | Release date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Burke's Law: Season 1, Volume 1* | 16 | April 29, 2008 |
|  | *Burke's Law: Season 1, Volume 2* | 16 | November 18, 2008 |

VCI released the complete first season on April 5, 2016.

## 1994 revival series

In the revival of the show, which ran on CBS from 1994 to 1995, the title was again *Burke's Law*. In the 1994 version, Burke was back at work as a police detective, though now as a deputy chief instead of a captain, and was assisted by his son, Peter (Peter Barton). The revival was produced by Aaron Spelling's production company, Spelling Productions.

## InfoBox

| *Burke's Law* | |
| --- | --- |
| *Burke's Law* 1963 series intro card | |
| Also known as | Amos Burke Secret Agent |
| Genre |  |
| Created by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Theme music composer | Herschel Burke Gilbert |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original language | English |
| No. of seasons | 3 |
| No. of episodes | 81 (list of episodes) |
| Production | |
| Running time | 60 mins. |
| Production companies | Four Star Television
Barbety |
| Original release | |
| Network | ABC |
| Release | September 20, 1963 (1963-09-20)
January 12, 1966 (1966-01-12) |
| Related | |
|  | |


title: Samuel Hadida

abstract: Samuel Hadida was a Moroccan-born French film producer.

text:
# Samuel Hadida

**Samuel Hadida** (17 December 1953 – 26 November 2018) was a Moroccan-born French film producer.

## Early life

Hadida was born in Casablanca, Morocco.

## Career

In 1978, he co-founded the company Metropolitan Filmexport with his brother Victor. The company later became a successful independent distributor of films in the French-speaking world. Metropolitan Filmexport is the current French distributor for films by Lionsgate and, formerly, New Line Cinema (Warner Bros. now releases New Line films).

In 1990, Hadida formed a new company, Davis Films. Since 1993, the company has produced more than thirty Hollywood films, with *True Romance* being the first.

Though Hadida contributed to the film industry over many decades, his work in spearheading the Resident Evil film franchise is what he is best known for. When Hadida learned the project was struggling, he reached out Constantin Film and offered a 50/50 venture deal. This project, as well as his work with the film adaptation of *Silent Hill*, has contributed to his recognition within the realm of video game adaptations.

## Death

Hadida died at the UCLA Santa Monica Hospital after a short illness.

## Controversy

In 2011, Davis Films signed an agreement to create a film adaptation of the book series *House of Night*. Hadida and his company did not follow through on producing the film, yet retained the rights until 2020. This upset the series' fanbase, causing tension between Hadida and the series' authors, P. C. Cast and Kristin Cast.

## Filmography

| **Producer** | **Executive producer** |  |
| --- | --- | --- |

1. Keslassy, Elsa (May 22, 2014). "Metropolitan FilmExport at 35: Hadida Brothers Build France Distributor Into Major Indie Player". *Variety*. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
2. Keslassy, Elsa (December 16, 2016). "French Producer Plays a Hand in 'Resident Evil's' Giant Success". *Variety*. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
3. Gaudiosi, John. "Resident Evil And Silent Hill Producer Samuel Hadida Talks Wolfenstein And Onimusha Movies". *Forbes*. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
4. McNary, Dave (November 27, 2018). "Samuel Hadida, Producer on 'Resident Evil' and 'True Romance,' Dies at 64". *Variety*. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
5. "Industry Mourns Samuel Hadida, Pays Tribute to Distributor/Producer's Passion". November 28, 2018.
6. Harris, Scott. "'House of Night' to be Millionth Vampire Movie of the Decade". *MTV News*. MTV. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
7. "Q: When will House of Night be a movie or TV series?". *PC Cast*. Retrieved July 31, 2017.

## InfoBox

| Samuel Hadida | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1953-12-17)17 December 1953
Casablanca, Morocco |
| Died | 26 November 2018(2018-11-26) (aged 64)
Santa Monica, California, U.S |