title: Canadian Pacific Limited

abstract: Canadian Pacific Limited was created in 1971 to own properties formerly owned by Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), a transportation and mining giant in Canada. In October 2001, CPR completed the corporate spin-offs of each of the remaining businesses it had not sold, including Canadian Pacific Railway Limited.

text:
# Canadian Pacific Limited

**Canadian Pacific Limited** was created in 1971 to own properties formerly owned by Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), a transportation and mining giant in Canada. In October 2001, CPR completed the corporate spin-offs of each of the remaining businesses it had not sold, including Canadian Pacific Railway Limited.

## History

Canadian Pacific Railway Company was incorporated on February 16, 1881, to build a railway linking British Columbia with Ontario and Quebec.

On July 5, 1971, the Canadian Pacific Railway Company was renamed Canadian Pacific Limited, reflecting the fact that for years it had been a diversified company.

On July 4, 1996, as part of a corporate reorganization, the Canadian Pacific Railway Company became a subsidiary of a new company that assumed the Canadian Pacific Limited name. Canadian Pacific Limited's non-railway operations also became subsidiaries of the new Canadian Pacific Limited, leaving the Canadian Pacific Railway Company with the railway operations.

In 2001, Canadian Pacific Limited completed the corporate spin-off of its 5 remaining subsidiaries.

## CP Hotels

The CPR built hotels along its railway routes across Canada. The first hotels were originally built in 1886 primarily to provide meal service for passengers in the Rocky Mountains where railway grades were too severe to justify the operation of Dining Cars. CPR's hotel network later expanded to include the Château Frontenac in Quebec City, Quebec, Chateau Lake Louise on Lake Louise in Alberta, the Banff Springs Hotel in Banff, Alberta, The Empress in Victoria, British Columbia, the Royal York in Toronto, Ontario, and The Algonquin in St. Andrews, New Brunswick among others.

In 2001, CPR acquired U.S. hotelier Fairmont (est. 1907) and merged it with CP Hotels to form Fairmont Hotels and Resorts. In some of the former CP Hotels, CP retained stores selling CPR-related items under the banner "CP Store".

## Railway

The flagship division of Canadian Pacific, the Canadian Pacific Railway began as a private tender to build a railway line connecting eastern Canada to the Pacific. Formed by a group of businessmen, the company was formally established in May 1881 under President George Stephen. The CPR was completed under the leadership of American William Cornelius Van Horne.

## Telecommunications

Along with railways, CPR also established telegraph operations to allow communications to remote areas. It was established as CPR Telegraph Company in 1894. It became CNCP Telecommunications in 1967 (co-owned with rival Canadian National Railway). It became Unitel Communications Incorporated (now Allstream Inc.) in 1990. Prior to the name change to Unitel, Rogers Communications acquired a stake in 1984 and later sold to AT&T Canada in 1984. Unitel disappeared into AT&T in 1993 and Rogers sold the rest by 1995. AT&T Canada was later sold by parent AT&T into an independent company, MTS Allstream.

Telegraph operations within CNCP under AT&T Canada ended in 1999 and sold to Montreal-based Télégrame Plus, which in 2002 became iTelegram's Canadian unit Telegrams Canada with head office in Toronto.

## Trucking

Along with trains, CP also operated trucking operations as part of its land shipping operations. It acquired Dominion Express Company in 1882. It became Canadian Pacific Express Company in 1926. It operated independently from the Railway with charges being assessed between companies for work done. It later became CP Express and Transport in a merger of trucking operations including Smith Transport, with extensive highway routes throughout Canada and into the United States. Changes brought on by deregulation caused great difficulties for all major trucking companies in Canada and eventually employees bought out CP in 1994 to form Interlink Freight Systems. However, competition from non-union companies and owner-operators was relentless, this and other difficulties on the US side finally brought about its demise. Operations ceased in July 1997. CP Ships trucking is known as "C Truck".

## Airline

CP purchased ten "bush plane" companies in the early 1940s and merged them to establish Canadian Pacific Air Lines in 1942 to service western Canada and the Far East routes. The airline provided passenger and parcel service to remote areas in Canada. The name was changed in June 1968 to CP Air, then sold in 1987 to Canadian Airlines International, flying as Canadian. The airline was acquired by Air Canada in the summer of 2000.

## Energy and mining

In 1883, a CPR crew accidentally discovered natural gas near Medicine Hat, Alberta. In 1912, CPR set up its Department of Natural Resources in Calgary to manage its timber, oil, gas, and mineral rights as well as land sales and immigration and colonization activities.

In 1958, CP created Canadian Pacific Oil and Gas Company (CPOG) to manage its oil, gas, and mineral rights. CPOG was merged with Central-Del Rio Oils to form PanCanadian Energy in 1971, to expand CP portfolio into energy exploration. PanCanadian was spun off by CP in 2002 and later merged with Alberta Energy Corporation to form EnCana (now Ovintiv).

Fording Coal, a coal mining company formed by CP, was also spun off in 2002 and operated as Fording Canadian Coal Trust. On July 29, 2008, Teck Cominco Ltd. (now Teck Resources) announced an agreement with Fording to purchase 100% of Fording's assets at a cost of $14.1 billion.

## Land

Canadian Pacific Investments was created in 1962. CPI became Canadian Pacific Enterprises Limited in 1980 and merged into CP Limited in 1985.

## Ships

CP Ships commenced operations on April 28, 1891, when the first of its *Empress* ships started Trans-Pacific operations. It started Trans-Atlantic operations in 1903. With the diminishing role of ships as airlines took over transcontinental travel, CP Ships focused its operations to shipping goods. CP Ships began container shipping in 1964, with ships able to carry 12 containers. In 1984, CP co-founded the container shipping company Canada Maritime. It acquired full ownership in 1993. CP Ships' growth strategy was to acquire different shipping lines and integrate them into a company composed of many small sectors. Until the end of their history right before they were bought by Hapag Lloyd, almost all the acquisitions were retained as separate brands. CAST (Canadian Atlantic Sea Transport) was acquired in 1995. Contship Containerlines and the American company Lykes Lines were acquired in 1997. In 1998, acquisitions of Ivaran (which was not retained as a separate brand) and Australia New Zealand Direct Line were completed. TMM (Transportacion Maritima Mexicana), also known as Linea Mexicana, and CCAL (which was not retained as a separate brand) were acquired in 2000. In 2002, CP Ships acquired Italia Line, which used to be owned by the government's Finmare Group and was owned by D'amico at the time of purchase. CP Ships was spun off as a separate entity from CP in 2001, and acquired by Hapag-Lloyd in 2005.


title: Canadian Pacific Navigation Company

abstract: The Canadian Pacific Navigation Company was an early steamship company that operated steamships on the coast of British Columbia and the Inside Passage of southeast Alaska. The company was founded in 1883 by John Irving (1854–1936), a prominent steamboat man, businessman, and politician of early British Columbia. In 1901, the company was purchased by the Canadian Pacific Railway, becoming the steamship division of the CPR.

text:
# Canadian Pacific Navigation Company

The **Canadian Pacific Navigation Company** was an early steamship company that operated steamships on the coast of British Columbia and the Inside Passage of southeast Alaska. The company was founded in 1883 by John Irving (1854–1936), a prominent steamboat man, businessman, and politician of early British Columbia. In 1901, the company was purchased by the Canadian Pacific Railway, becoming the steamship division of the CPR.

## Ships

The company owned a variety of vessels, including the sternwheeler *Princess Louise*, *R.P. Rithet*, the old sidewheelers *Wilson G. Hunt* and *Yosemite*, and the coastal steamer *Willapa*.

## Loss of SS *Islander*

Another ship owned by the company was the steamship *Islander*, which went down in August 1901. *Islander* was a steel twin-screw steamer built for the Inside passage to Alaska and favoured by wealthy travelers. On the morning of August 15, 1901, the ship struck a submerged iceberg and went down off the south end of Douglas Island, British Columbia. 40 passengers and crew were lost, including the wife and daughter of the politician James Hamilton Ross.

Media related to Canadian Pacific Navigation Company at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

Canadian Pacific Navigation Company
|
|  |
| Founded | 1883 |
| Defunct | 1901 |
| Fate | Merged into successor corporation |
| Successor | Canadian Pacific Railway |
| Headquarters | Victoria, British Columbia |


title: Schistomitra joelmineti

abstract: Schistomitra joelmineti is a moth species in the family Epicopeiidae described by Si-Yao Huang and Yuan Zhang in 2019. The specific epithet is named in honor of Joël Minet It is found in Northwest China, where it has been found in Shaanxi Province and Gansu Province as of 2019. Length of forewing is 27–30 mm. Adults are on wing from late April to June. The host plant of larva is unknown at present.

text:
# Schistomitra joelmineti

***Schistomitra joelmineti*** is a moth species in the family Epicopeiidae described by Si-Yao Huang and Yuan Zhang in 2019. The specific epithet is named in honor of Joël Minet

It is found in Northwest China, where it has been found in Shaanxi Province and Gansu Province as of 2019. Length of forewing is 27–30 mm. Adults are on wing from late April to June. The host plant of larva is unknown at present.

## InfoBox

| *Schistomitra joelmineti* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Epicopeiidae |
| Genus: | *Schistomitra* |
| Species: | ***S. joelmineti*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Schistomitra joelmineti***<br>Huang & Wang, 2019 | |
|


title: Scopula neophyta

abstract: Scopula neophyta is a moth of the Geometridae family. It is found in Colombia. The wingspan is 21–23 mm.

text:
# Scopula neophyta

***Scopula neophyta*** is a moth of the Geometridae family. It is found in Colombia.

The wingspan is 21–23 mm.

## InfoBox

| *Scopula neophyta* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Geometridae |
| Genus: | *Scopula* |
| Species: | ***S. neophyta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Scopula neophyta***<br>Prout, 1922 | |
|


title: Candidalysin

abstract: Candidalysin is a cytolytic 31-amino acid α-helical amphipathic peptide toxin secreted by the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans. This toxin is a fungal example of a classical virulence factor. Hyphal morphogenesis in C. albicans is associated with damage to host epithelial cells; during this process Candidalysin is released and intercalates in host membranes. Candidalysin promotes damage of oral epithelial cells and induces lactate dehydrogenase release and calcium ion influx. It is unique in the fact that it is the first peptide toxin to be identified in any human fungal pathogen. Candidalysin is a product of the larger protein Ece1. Sequential processing of Ece1 at lysine/arginine residues by the proteases Kex2 and Kex1 releases several peptides, including the toxin Candidalysin. Consequently, Candidalysin is also known as Ece1-III62–92K. C. albicans strains missing Candidalysin do not damage epithelial cells and are said to be avirulent with respect to mucosal infections. The toxin is also responsible for the activation and propagation of a cellular immune response.

text:
# Candidalysin

**Candidalysin** is a cytolytic 31-amino acid α-helical amphipathic peptide toxin secreted by the opportunistic pathogen *Candida albicans*. This toxin is a fungal example of a classical virulence factor. Hyphal morphogenesis in *C. albicans* is associated with damage to host epithelial cells; during this process Candidalysin is released and intercalates in host membranes. Candidalysin promotes damage of oral epithelial cells and induces lactate dehydrogenase release and calcium ion influx. It is unique in the fact that it is the first peptide toxin to be identified in any human fungal pathogen.

Candidalysin is a product of the larger protein Ece1 (extent of cell elongation 1). Sequential processing of Ece1 at lysine/arginine residues by the proteases Kex2 and Kex1 releases several peptides, including the toxin Candidalysin. Consequently, Candidalysin is also known as **Ece1-III62–92K**. *C. albicans s*trains missing Candidalysin do not damage epithelial cells and are said to be avirulent with respect to mucosal infections. The toxin is also responsible for the activation and propagation of a cellular immune response.

## Epithelial damage

During epithelial infection, as candidalysin levels accumulate, tissue damage occurs. Candidalysin promotes damage of oral epithelial cells, which can be measured by the release of lactate dehydrogenase, and calcium ion influx which are characteristics of membrane destabilization and cell damage. Candidalysin is able to cause epithelial damage through membrane intercalation and permeabilization. It causes IL-1β release and is a driver of inflammasome activation in macrophages.

## Immune response

Epithelial immunity can recognize **Ece1-III62–92K** without harming cells. Epithelial cells have evolved to particularly recognize the peptide, which indicates that during mucosal infection the fungus secretes this toxin. Immune cells can either be exposed extracellularly or intracellularly and this is due to the fact that phagocytes can be exposed to the fungal hyphae pre-phagocytosis or post-phagocytosis. Epithelial immunity is achieved predominantly through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, more specifically the p38 pathway. The p38 pathway leads to the activation of AP-1 transcription factor c-Fos and the ERK1/2 pathway. The ERK1/2 pathway then leads to the activation of the enzyme MAPK phosphatase 1 which regulates the immune response.

### p38 MAPK pathway

The p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is similar to the JNK pathway but differs from the ERK pathway. The p38 MAP kinase, JNK MAP kinase, and ERK MAP kinase are all types of mammalian MAP kinases. The p38 MAP kinase is activated by two other MAP kinases known as MKK3 and MKK4. MKK4 is also known to activate the JNK MAP kinase, however, MKK3 is unique to the p38 MAP kinase. The p38 MAPK pathway is required to be activated by dual phosphorylation of the amino acids: tyrosine and threonine and also environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Examples of environmental stress than can activate the p38 MAP Kinase include UV radiation and osmotic stress. Examples of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can activate the p38 MAP Kinase include tumor necrosis factor, Interleukin-1, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The p38 MAP kinase plays an important role in regulating Interleukin-10 synthesis and toll-like receptor signaling.

### MAPK phosphatase MKP1

MAPK Phosphatase 1 negatively regulates the activity of mitogen activate protein kinase (MAPK) activity. A deficiency of this phosphatase leads to a prolonged and continual activation of the p38 MAP kinase and JNK MAP kinase. MAPK phosphatase 1 is the founding member of the family of MAPK phosphatases which is a group of 11 phosphatases. The N-terminus of MAPK phosphatase 1 is responsible for the localization of the nucleus. The p38 MAPK and JNK pathways are preferred to be dephosphorylated over the ERK pathway.


abstract: Father Gerard Redmond Community Catholic School was named after Father Gerard Redmond who presided over Our Lady of the Foothills Parish from 1964 – 1970 and again from 1980 -1983. Fr. Redmond was instrumental in the initial development of a Catholic school system here in Hinton, Alberta beginning officially in 1982. Originally providing education for grades K – 9, it became a K – 12 school in 1999, and in 2005, after extensive renovations, it began its current configuration as a grade 5 – 12 school.

text:
# Father Gerard Redmond Community Catholic School

**Father Gerard Redmond Community Catholic School** was named after Father Gerard Redmond who presided over Our Lady of the Foothills Parish from 1964 – 1970 and again from 1980 -1983. Fr. Redmond was instrumental in the initial development of a Catholic school system here in Hinton, Alberta beginning officially in 1982. Originally providing education for grades K – 9, it became a K – 12 school in 1999, and in 2005, after extensive renovations, it began its current configuration as a grade 5 – 12 school.

1. ECSRD – Demographics
2. GRCCS – Homepage

## InfoBox

| Father Gerard Redmond Community Catholic School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 174 Maligne Drive
Hinton, Alberta, T7V 1T5
Canada | |
| Coordinates | 53°23′42″N 117°34′59″W / 53.394952°N 117.5831°W / 53.394952; -117.5831 |
| Information | |
| School type | Junior High/High School |
| Motto | "Ever Growing, Learning, and Living in Christ" |
| Founded | 1982 |
| School board | Evergreen Catholic Separate School Division |
| Principal | Barb Marchant |
| Grades | 5–12 |
| Language | English |
| Colour(s) | Navy Blue and White |
| Team name | Raiders |
| Website | www.grccs.ca |


title: Daniel Supplee Cobblestone Farmhouse

abstract: Daniel Supplee Cobblestone Farmhouse is a historic home located at Starkey in Yates County, New York. The farmhouse was built about 1835 and remodeled sometime before 1876. It began as a vernacular, L-shaped, late Federal / early Greek Revival style farmhouse. The cobblestone house is built of variously colored and irregularly shaped field cobbles. The farmhouse is among the nine surviving cobblestone buildings in Yates County. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

text:
# Daniel Supplee Cobblestone Farmhouse

**Daniel Supplee Cobblestone Farmhouse** is a historic home located at Starkey in Yates County, New York. The farmhouse was built about 1835 and remodeled sometime before 1876. It began as a vernacular, L-shaped, late Federal / early Greek Revival style farmhouse. The cobblestone house is built of variously colored and irregularly shaped field cobbles. The farmhouse is among the nine surviving cobblestone buildings in Yates County.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Daniel Supplee Cobblestone Farmhouse | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 4420 Dundee-Himrod Rd., Starkey, New York |
| Coordinates | 42°33′4″N 76°58′22″W / 42.55111°N 76.97278°W / 42.55111; -76.97278 |
| Area | 1.5 acres (0.61 ha) |
| Built | 1835 |
| Architectural style | Greek Revival, Late Victorian |
| MPS | Cobblestone Architecture of New York State MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 92000442 |
| Added to NRHP | May 11, 1992 |


title: Expeditie Robinson 2009

abstract: Expeditie Robinson 2009 is the eleventh season of the RTL5 and 2BE reality television series Expeditie Robinson scheduled to be first aired on September 3, 2009. It's the first season hosted by Evi Hanssen and Eddy Zoëy, since Ernst-Paul Hasselbach's death in October 2008. This season started off with only female contestants. While, the male contestants had to survive the jungle before entering the expedition.

text:
# Expeditie Robinson 2009

***Expeditie Robinson 2009*** is the eleventh season of the RTL5 and 2BE reality television series *Expeditie Robinson* scheduled to be first aired on September 3, 2009. It's the first season hosted by Evi Hanssen and Eddy Zoëy, since Ernst-Paul Hasselbach's death in October 2008.

This season started off with only female contestants. While, the male contestants had to survive the jungle before entering the expedition.

## Survivors

| Contestants | Episodes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Finish | Total votes | Final council |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | | | |
| **Marcel Vandezande**
53, Gran Canaria, Spain |  | | |  | | | | |  | | | | | | Winner
1st | 5 | 5 votes |
| **Rita Berger**
32, Breda, Netherlands |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | Runner-up
2nd | 15 | 2 votes |
| **Marina Harvent**
46, Hoboken, Belgium |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | Runner-up
3rd | 2 | 0 votes |
| **Jeroen Schuurman**
39, Zwolle, Netherlands |  | | |  |  | | | |  | | | | | | Lost Semi Final
4th | 16 | Marcel |
| **Dennis Hogendoorn**
35, Rotterdam, Netherlands |  | | |  | | | | |  | | | | | | Lost Semi Final
5th | 4 | Marcel |
| **Esmeralda Izeboud**
38, Bergen op Zoom, Netherlands |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | | |  | Eliminated
6th | 4 | Rita |
| **Kurt Vroman**
44, Marke, Belgium |  | | |  |  | | | |  | | | |  | | Eliminated
7th | 12 | Marcel |
| **Marjolein Cornet**
26, Amsterdam, Netherlands |  | | |  |  | | | |  | | |  | | | Eliminated
8th | 16 | Marcel |
| **Igor Vermeulen**
38, Utrecht, Netherlands |  | | |  | | | | |  | |  | | | | Eliminated
9th | 6 | Marcel |
| **Simone Katrisiotis**
40, Wageningen, Netherlands |  | | |  | | | | |  |  | | | | | Eliminated
10th | 7 | Rita |
| **Yolanda Koelhof**
29, Rotterdam, Netherlands |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | | | | Eliminated
11th | 3 |
| **Jill Stevens**
20, Astene, Belgium |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | Eliminated
12th | 0 |
| **Eva Gollner**
26, Herentals, Belgium |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | Eliminated
13th | 1 |
| **Sabine Rogghé**
35, Keerbergen, Belgium |  | | |  | | | |  | | | | | | | 4th Voted Out
14th | 9 |
| **Esther Moret**
29, Krimpen aan den IJssel, Netherlands |  | | | |  | |  | | | | | | | | 3rd Voted Out
15th | 7 |
| **Carolien Van De Steen**
27, Waasmunster, Belgium |  | | |  | |  | | | | | | | | | 2nd Voted Out
16th | 7 |
| **Carine Hassalt**
40, Brussels, Belgium |  | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Voluntarily
17th | 3 |
| **Birgit Aarsman**
20, Zwanenburg, Netherlands |  | | |  | |  | | | | | | | | | Voluntarily
18th | 1 |
| **Doreen Bratescu**
22, Antwerp, Belgium |  | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Removed
19th | 2 |
| **Lianne Langkamp**
25, Nijmegen, Netherlands |  | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | 1st Voted Out
20th | 5 |
| **Bea Uvin**
31, Brussels, Belgium |  |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1st Eliminated
21st | 2 |

Kamp Noord   Kamp Zuid   Junglemissie   Samensmelting

## Future Appearances

Rita Berger returned to compete in *Expeditie Robinson: All Stars*.

## InfoBox

| *Expeditie Robinson 2009* | |
| --- | --- |
| Season 11 | |
|  | |
| Presented by | Evi Hanssen
Eddy Zoëy |
| No. of days | 47 |
| No. of castaways | 21 |
| Winner | Marcel Vandezande |
| Runner-up | Rita Berger |
|  | |
| No. of episodes | 14 |
| Release | |
| Original network | RTL5
2BE |
| Original release | September 3 (2009-09-03)
December 3, 2009 (2009-12-03) |
| Season chronology | |


title: Diocletian (band)

abstract: Diocletian is a New Zealand extreme metal band from Auckland. Formed in 2004, the band split in 2015. Its lineup then featured Brendan Southwell, L. Muir, C. Sinclair (drums) and J. Baldwin (guitars). The band's 2015 album, Gesundrian, was featured as number 15 on Pitchfork's list of "The Best Metal Albums of 2014". Brendan Southwell reactivated the band in 2016 with a whole new line-up. In 2018, Diocletian members are B.S. at lead guitar, E. M. at drums, and R.W. at bass. Impurath, from the American act Black Witchery takes lead vocal duty when available as C.T.

text:
# Diocletian (band)

**Diocletian** is a New Zealand extreme metal band from Auckland. Formed in 2004, the band split in 2015. Its lineup then featured Brendan Southwell (also known as Atrociter and B.S.) (guitar, vocals), L. Muir (guitar, vocals, bass), C. Sinclair (drums) and J. Baldwin (guitars). The band's 2015 album, *Gesundrian*, was featured as number 15 on Pitchfork's list of "The Best Metal Albums of 2014".

Brendan Southwell reactivated the band in 2016 with a whole new line-up. In 2018, Diocletian members are B.S. at lead guitar, E. M. at drums, and R.W. (Rigel Walshe from Dawn of Azazel) at bass. Impurath, from the American act Black Witchery takes lead vocal duty when available as C.T.

## Band members

Current members * B.S. – guitar, vocals (2004–2015, 2016–present)
* R.W. - bass (2017–present)
* E.M. - drums (2017–present)
* C.T. - vocals (2016–present)

Former members * L. Muir – guitar (2004–2008), vocals (2004–2008, 2011–2015), bass (2011–2015)
* C. Sinclair – drums (2006–2015)
* J. Baldwin – guitars (2011–2014, 2015)
* K. Stanley – vocals, bass
* A. Craft – drums (2004–2005)
* V. Kusabs – guitar, bass, vocals (2006–2010)
* S. Bidwell – guitar (2015)

## Discography

Studio albums * *Doom Cult* (2009)
* *Bellum Omnium Contra Omnes* (subsequently reissued as *War of All Against All*) (2010)
* *Gesundrian* (2014)
* *Amongst the Flames of a Burning God* (2019)
* *Inexorable Nexus* (2024)

EPs and splits * *Decimator* (2007)
* *Chaos Rising* (2008)
* *Sect of Swords* (2008)
* *European Annihilation* (2012)
* *Disciples of War* (2012, with Weregoat)
* *Darkness Swallows All* (2021)

Compilations * *Annihilation Rituals* (2012)

Demos * *Demo 1: 2005* (2005)

## InfoBox

| Diocletian | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Auckland, New Zealand |
| Genres | War metal |
| Years active | 2004 (2004)–2015 (2015),2016 (2016)–present |
| Labels | Osmose Productions |
|  | |
| Members | * B.S. * C.T. * E.M. * R.W. |
|  | |
| Past members | * L. Muir * C. Sinclair * J. Baldwin * K. Stanley * A. Craft * V. Kusabs * S. Bidwell |
|  | |
| Website | Official website |


title: Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge

abstract: Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge is located near the Adams County town of Payson, Illinois. It spans Fall Creek about 1.2 miles northeast of Payson Road, upstream from the town. The bridge has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 7, 1996.

text:
# Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge

**Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge** is located near the Adams County town of Payson, Illinois. It spans Fall Creek about 1.2 miles northeast of Payson Road, upstream from the town. The bridge has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 7, 1996.

## History

It is largely unknown when the bridge was built but estimates put it somewhere in the early 19th century. The bridge's engineers and designers are lost to history as well yet their bridge remains.

The Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge spans Fall Creek in a near perfect arc, a distance of 43 feet at a height of 35 feet from the creek. The bridge is constructed from limestone, gathered nearby. The records of its construction were lost in an 1880s fire.

Media related to Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| The Stone Arch Bridge near Payson in 1936. | |
|  | |
| Nearest city | Payson, Illinois |
| Coordinates | 39°47′28″N 91°17′30″W / 39.79111°N 91.29167°W / 39.79111; -91.29167 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1855 |
| Built by | Elliot, Joseph; Mann, James |
| Architectural style | stone arch bridge |
| NRHP reference No. | 96001282 |
| Added to NRHP | November 7, 1996 |


title: Fabio Maj

abstract: Fabio Maj is an Italian cross-country skier who competed from 1992 to 2004. He won two silver medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the Winter Olympics. He also finished 13th in the 10 km + 15 km combined pursuit at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano and 13th in the 30 km event at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City which were his best individual Olympic finishes. Maj also won two bronze medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the Nordic skiing World Championships. His best individual finish was seventh in the 30 km at the 2001 event.

text:
# Fabio Maj

**Fabio Maj** (born 16 June 1970 in Schilpario) is an Italian cross-country skier who competed from 1992 to 2004. He won two silver medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the Winter Olympics (1998, 2002). He also finished 13th in the 10 km + 15 km combined pursuit at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano and 13th in the 30 km event at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City which were his best individual Olympic finishes.

Maj also won two bronze medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the Nordic skiing World Championships (1995, 1999). His best individual finish was seventh in the 30 km at the 2001 event.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

* 2 medals – (2 silver)

| Year | Age | 10 km | 15 km | Pursuit | 30 km | 50 km | Sprint | 4 × 10 km
relay |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1998 | *27* | 28 |  | 13 |  |  |  | **Silver** |
| 2002 | *31* |  |  | 20 | 13 | 14 |  | **Silver** |
|

### World Championships

* 2 medals – (2 bronze)

| Year | Age | 10 km | 15 km | Pursuit | 30 km | 50 km | Sprint | 4 × 10 km
relay |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1995 | *24* |  |  |  |  |  |  | **Bronze** |
| 1997 | *26* |  |  |  |  | 17 |  |  |
| 1999 | *28* | 19 |  | 10 | 25 | 11 |  | **Bronze** |
| 2001 | *30* |  |  | 15 | 7 |  |  | 6 |
| 2003 | *32* |  | 23 |  | 15 |  |  | 10 |
|

### World Cup

#### Season standings

| Season | Age |
| --- | --- |
| | | Overall | Distance | Long Distance | Middle Distance | Sprint |
| 1992 | *21* | NC |  |  |  |  |
| 1993 | *22* | 52 |  |  |  |  |
| 1994 | *23* | 44 |  |  |  |  |
| 1995 | *24* | 26 |  |  |  |  |
| 1996 | *25* | 29 |  |  |  |  |
| 1997 | *26* | 23 |  | 23 |  | 20 |
| 1998 | *27* | 11 |  | 7 |  | 19 |
| 1999 | *28* | 18 |  | 22 |  | 15 |
| 2000 | *29* | 6 |  | 7 | 20 | 9 |
| 2001 | *30* | 14 |  |  |  | 22 |
| 2002 | *31* | 23 |  |  |  | 50 |
| 2003 | *32* | 94 |  |  |  |  |
| 2004 | *33* | NC | NC |  |  |  |
|

#### Individual podiums

* 2 victories
* 4 podiums

| No. | Season | Date | Location | Race | Level | Place |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **1997–98** | 3 January 1998 | Kavgolovo, Russia | 30 km Individual F | World Cup | 3rd |
| 2 | **1999–00** | 27 December 1999 | Engelberg, Switzerland | 1.0 km Sprint C | World Cup | **1st** |
| 3 | | 4 March 2000 | Lahti, Finland | 30 km Mass Start C | World Cup | 2nd |
| 4 | **2001–02** | 12 January 2002 | Nové Město, Czech Republic | 10 km Individual F | World Cup | **1st** |
|

#### Team podiums

* 6 victories – (4 RL, 2 TS)
* 17 podiums – (15 RL, 2 TS)

| No. | Season | Date | Location | Race | Level | Place | Teammate(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **1994–95** | 15 January 1995 | Nové Město, Czech Republic | 4 × 10 km Relay C | World Cup | 3rd | Fauner / Godioz / Albarello |
| 2 | | 17 March 1995 | Thunder Bay, Canada | 4 × 10 km Relay C/F | World Championships\[1\] | 3rd | Valbusa / Albarello / Fauner |
| 3 | | 26 March 1995 | Sapporo, Japan | 4 × 10 km Relay C/F | World Cup | 2nd | Albarello / Fauner / Godioz |
| 4 | **1995–96** | 14 January 1996 | Nové Město, Czech Republic | 4 × 10 km Relay C | World Cup | 3rd | Vanzetta / Valbusa / Godioz |
| 5 | | 1 March 1996 | Lahti, Finland | 4 × 10 km Relay C/F | World Cup | **1st** | Albarello / Fauner / Valbusa |
| 6 | **1996–97** | 24 November 1996 | Kiruna, Sweden | 4 × 10 km Relay C | World Cup | 2nd | Fauner / Piller / Valbusa |
| 7 | **1997–98** | 7 December 1997 | Santa Caterina, Italy | 4 × 10 km Relay F | World Cup | 2nd | Fauner / Piller Cottrer / De Zolt Ponte |
| 8 | | 11 January 1998 | Ramsau, Austria | 4 × 10 km Relay C/F | World Cup | **1st** | Valbusa / Piller Cottrer / Fauner |
| 9 | **1998–99** | 29 November 1998 | Muonio, Finland | 4 × 10 km Relay F | World Cup | 3rd | Fauner / Piller Cottrer / Pozzi |
| 10 | | 10 January 1999 | Nové Město, Czech Republic | 4 × 10 km Relay C/F | World Cup | 2nd | Valbusa / Piller Cottrer / Fauner |
| 11 | | 26 February 1999 | Ramsau, Austria | 4 × 10 km Relay C/F | World Championships\[1\] | 3rd | Di Centa / Valbusa / Fauner |
| 12 | | 21 March 1999 | Oslo, Norway | 4 × 10 km Relay C | World Cup | 3rd | Fauner / Di Centa / Valbusa |
| 13 | **1999–00** | 28 November 1999 | Kiruna, Sweden | 4 × 10 km Relay F | World Cup | **1st** | Valbusa / Pozzi / Fauner |
| 14 | | 27 February 2000 | Falun, Sweden | 4 x 10 km Relay F | World Cup | **1st** | Valbusa / Piller Cottrer / Zorzi |
| 15 | **2000–01** | 13 December 2000 | Clusone, Italy | 10 × 1.5 km Team Sprint F | World Cup | **1st** | Valbusa |
| 16 | | 18 March 2001 | Falun, Sweden | 4 × 10 km Relay C/F | World Cup | 3rd | Fauner / Piller Cottrer / Zorzi |
| 17 | **2001–02** | 13 January 2002 | Nové Město, Czech Republic | 6 × 1.5 km Team Sprint F | World Cup | **1st** | Schwienbacher |
|

**Note:** 1 Until the 1999 World Championships, World Championship races were included in the World Cup scoring system.

## InfoBox

| Fabio Maj | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Italy |
| Born | (1970-06-16) 16 June 1970
Schilpario, Italy |
| Ski club | G.S. Forestale |
| World Cup career | |
| Seasons | 13 – (19922004) |
| Starts | 143 |
| Podiums | 4 |
| Wins | 2 |
| Overall titles | 0 – (6th in 2000) |
| Discipline titles | 0 |
| Medal record      Men's cross-country skiing  Representing  Italy  Olympic Games  1998 Nagano 4 × 10 km relay  2002 Salt Lake City 4 × 10 km relay  World Championships  1995 Thunder Bay 4 × 10 km relay  1997 Trondheim  4 × 10 km relay | |


title: Evangelical Magazine

abstract: The Evangelical Magazine was a monthly magazine published in London from 1793 to 1904, and aimed at Calvinist Christians. It was supported by evangelical members of the Church of England, and by nonconformists with similar beliefs. Its editorial line included a strong interest in missionary work.

text:
# Evangelical Magazine

The ***Evangelical Magazine*** was a monthly magazine published in London from 1793 to 1904, and aimed at Calvinist Christians. It was supported by evangelical members of the Church of England, and by nonconformists with similar beliefs. Its editorial line included a strong interest in missionary work.

## Launch

John Eyre, an Anglican, played a significant role in founding the *Evangelical Magazine*, and as its editor, to 1802. Robert Culbertson was involved in the early times, and was an editor. William Kingsbury contributed from the start. John Townsend was a supporter; Edward Williams was another founder and editor.

In 1802 the *Christian Observer* began publication. It catered for evangelical Anglicans, and from this point the *Evangelical Magazine* came into the hands of Congregationalists.

## Editorial succession

The successor from 1905 was the *Evangelical British Missionary*.

## Portrait artists


title: Cormac of Dunkeld

abstract: Cormac, Bishop of Dunkeld is the earliest recorded Bishop of Dunkeld in the 12th century, although he was not the first bishop of Dunkeld. It is possible, that he was the first bishop of Dunkeld distinct from the abbot, but there is no evidence for this. He appears in two rather doubtful charters of King Alexander I of Scotland, in several charters of King David I of Scotland and in the Gaelic notitiae on the Book of Deer, rendering a floruit of on or before the year 1114, to on or after the year 1131. The last source calls him "Cormac escob Dúno Callenn", Cormac bishop of Dunkeld". He seems to have been succeeded by Gregoir.

text:
# Cormac of Dunkeld

**Cormac, Bishop of Dunkeld** (fl. x1114-1131x) is the earliest recorded Bishop of Dunkeld in the 12th century, although he was not the first bishop of Dunkeld. It is possible, that he was the first bishop of Dunkeld distinct from the abbot, but there is no evidence for this. He appears in two rather doubtful charters of King Alexander I of Scotland, in several charters of King David I of Scotland and in the Gaelic *notitiae* on the *Book of Deer*, rendering a floruit of on or before the year 1114, to on or after the year 1131. The last source calls him "Cormac escob Dúno Callenn", Cormac bishop of Dunkeld".

He seems to have been succeeded by Gregoir.

* Dowden, John, *The Bishops of Scotland*, ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912), p. 47-8
* Jackson, Kenneth H. (ed), *The Gaelic Notes in the Book of Deer* (The Osborn Bergin Memorial Lecture 1970), (Cambridge, 1972), p. 59
* Lawrie, Sir Archibald, *Early Scottish Charters Prior to A.D. 1153*, (Glasgow, 1905), p. 283


title: The Great Madras

abstract: The Great Madras, formerly the Grand Madras Hotel, is a boutique hotel in Singapore. Initially a Singapore Improvement Trust block, it became the Grand Madras Hotel in 1990s.

text:
# The Great Madras

**The Great Madras**, formerly the **Grand Madras Hotel**, is a boutique hotel in Singapore. Initially a Singapore Improvement Trust block, it became the Grand Madras Hotel in 1990s.

## Description

The design of the Art Deco building is similar to other Singapore Improvement Trust residential blocks along Seng Poh Road in Tiong Bahru. It features column bases of Shanghai plaster and a real spiral staircase and its balconies feature "fair-faced" brickwork. A customised wallpaper "depicting Singapore's multifaceted history and daily life" has been installed in the hotel. The first floor of the building is occupied by eight hostel rooms. Other rooms in the hotel include The Great Suite, which features an open-concept bathroom, and The Balcony Room, which features an outdoor balcony. Facilities at the hotel include an outdoor soaking pool and a Catalonian-themed cafe.

## History

The hotel was initially built as a residential block by the Singapore Improvement Trust, a predecessor to the Housing and Development Board, in the 1940s. In the 1990s, the building became the Grand Madras Hotel. It underwent a 24-month restoration and refurbishment which was completed in 2018. A specialist contractor was involved in restoring the building's "signature but corroded" mild-steel framed windows. The newly-restored building was a winner of the 2018 Architectural Heritage Awards by the Urban Redevelopment Authority. Ankita Varma of *The Straits Times* wrote that the hotel "is a charming addition to a heritage neighbourhood and succeeds in its attempt to celebrate a bygone era."

1°18′18″N 103°51′11″E / 1.30501°N 103.85303°E / 1.30501; 103.85303


title: The Highwayman (musical)

abstract: The Highwayman is an Australian musical comedy with book, music and lyrics by Edmond Samuels. Set in Bendigo during the Gold Rush in the 1860s, the story concerns the love of an innkeeper's daughter for a highwayman.

text:
# The Highwayman (musical)

***The Highwayman*** is an Australian musical comedy with book, music and lyrics by Edmond Samuels. Set in Bendigo during the Gold Rush in the 1860s, the story concerns the love of an innkeeper's daughter for a highwayman.

## *At the Silver Swan*

Samuels wrote the play back in 1933.

He travelled to England in 1935 to oversee a production of it in London. The work was retited *At the Silver Swan* and debuted in Glasgow in 1936.

The book and lyrics were rewritten in England by Guy Bolton and Clifford Gret.

The musical was the first musical comedy with an Australian setting to debut in London.

*Smith's Weekly* thought the music dated the show. Other reviews were mixed.

The musical was not considered a notable success. However it did run for three months.

"Its Australian theme was unrecognisable by the time producers had finished with it," said Samuels. "They said Aus-tralia wouldn't interest London theatregoers."

## Australian production

Samuels tried to get the play produced in Australia and ended up financing it himself.

*The Highwayman* premiered at the King's Theatre in Melbourne in November 1950. *The Age* praised its "originality, snap and gusto." *The Bulletin* said it was "all very bight and catchy." *ABC Weekly* said "Samuels until a year or so ago was a very successful Sydney chemist but if he had mixed his drugs as recklessly as he mixes his periods in The Highwayman his customers would have been in a serious plight." The show ran for over a hundred performances.

It played a Sydney season at the Palace Theatre from March 1951. The *Sydney Morning Herald* said "in many ways the show is imitative and (a lesser fault) old-fashioned in style. It lacks the bold strokes of original invention and new discovery that distinguish great showmanship from ephemeral competence in show making."

An album of songs from the musical was released in 1964.

## Premise

Mary Brown is an innkeeper's daughter at Eaglehaw. Mervyn Smith is a bushranger.

Jim Steel is a guards officer.

## TV adaptation

Songs featured in the 1965 TV special *Lola and the Highwayman*.

## Radio adaptation

The musical was also adapted for radio in 1951 and 1954. Reviewing the latter, the *Daily Telegraph* said "when Mr. S. uses words, either in dialogue or lyrics, I find the result extremel. depressing."

In 1956 the ABC would broadcast Samuels' musical *Song of the Snowy*.

## InfoBox

| *The Highway Man* | |
| --- | --- |
| Music | Edmond Samuels |
| Lyrics | Edmond Samuels |
| Book | Edmond Samuels |
| Productions | 1936 London<br>1950 Melbourne |


title: Dioro, Mali

abstract: Dioro is a town and rural commune in the Cercle of Ségou in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The commune extends over an area of approximately 586 square kilometers on the right bank of the Niger River and includes the town and 29 of the surrounding villages. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 47,876. The town of Dioro is located 57 km northeast of Ségou on the bank of the river.

text:
# Dioro, Mali

**Dioro** is a town and rural commune in the Cercle of Ségou in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The commune extends over an area of approximately 586 square kilometers on the right bank of the Niger River and includes the town and 29 of the surrounding villages. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 47,876. The town of Dioro is located 57 km northeast of Ségou on the bank of the river.

## InfoBox

| Dioro | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune and town | |
| DioroLocation in Mali | |
| Coordinates: 13°41′9″N 5°50′3″W / 13.68583°N 5.83417°W / 13.68583; -5.83417 | |
| Country | Mali |
| Region | Ségou Region |
| Cercle | Ségou Cercle |
| Area | |
| Total | 586 km2 (226 sq mi) |
| Population (2009 census) | |
| Total | 47,876 |
| Density | 82/km2 (210/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (GMT) |


title: Diors

abstract: Diors is a commune in the Indre department in central France.

text:
# Diors

**Diors** (French pronunciation: \[djɔʁ\] ) is a commune in the Indre department in central France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1968 | 291 |  |
| 1975 | 266 | −1.28% |
| 1982 | 546 | +10.82% |
| 1990 | 617 | +1.54% |
| 1999 | 676 | +1.02% |
| 2009 | 728 | +0.74% |
| 2014 | 770 | +1.13% |
| 2020 | 749 | −0.46% |
| Source: INSEE | | |

## InfoBox

| Diors | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| Location of Diors | |
| DiorsDiors | |
| Coordinates: 46°49′38″N 1°48′56″E / 46.8272°N 1.8156°E / 46.8272; 1.8156 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Centre-Val de Loire |
| Department | Indre |
| Arrondissement | Châteauroux |
| Canton | Ardentes |
| Intercommunality | CA Châteauroux Métropole |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Christian Baron |
| Area**1** | 25.44 km2 (9.82 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 759 |
| Density | 30/km2 (77/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 36064 /36130 |
| Elevation | 149–167 m (489–548 ft)
(avg. 162 m or 531 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Joseph Brenan

abstract: Joseph Brenan was a poet, journalist and author, and leading member of the Young Irelanders and Irish Confederation.

text:
# Joseph Brenan

**Joseph Brenan** (also **Brennan**; 17 November 1828 – 27 May 1857) was a poet, journalist and author, and leading member of the Young Irelanders and Irish Confederation.

## Early life

Joseph Brenan, was born in Cork on 17 November 1828. Brenan began to write verse at an early age, and was one of the genuine poets of the Young Ireland movement. His earlier poems were published under the initials "J. B., Cork," or "J. B—n," and some of his American verses under the pseudonym "Gondalez." He was also an able prose writer.

Brenan was an active member of the *Cork Historical Society*, and was one of the editors of the *Cork Magazine*, which appeared in November 1847, and continued to appear until the end of 1848, when the journal then ceased publication. Some of its contributors, who included Frazer, Martin MacDermott, Fitzjames O'Brien, Mulchinock and Mary Savage, would later either end up in jail or in exile.

## 1848 Rising

In January 1848, John Mitchel visited Cork and, according to Michael Cavanagh, who would publish a sketch of his Brenan's life in *Young Ireland*, Dublin, in June and July 1885, Brenan for the first time "beheld the man he most admired on earth, and with whose future destiny, whether for weal or woe, he felt his own was bound up. Never had the arch-enemy of England a more faithful or earnest follower."

Brenan contributed to the Mitchel's *United Irishman* and, sold his rifle to obtain his train fare, to take up his residence in Dublin, the headquarters of the revolutionary movement. He later published articles in John Martin's *Irish Felon* urging the Confederate Clubs members, many of whom had arms to be in readiness for action. "The sooner you realise the fact," he wrote in a *Letter addressed to the Members of the Provincial Confederate Clubs*, "that the Confederation was got up for the purpose of doing something, the better for us all. Just think what it undertook to do. It undertook to defeat the strongest Government and to liberate the most degraded country that ever existed. It undertook to give – to a province—to strike the chains off millions of slaves and, if necessary, to wash out the, iron moulds in blood."

In another Letter to "*the Young Men of Ireland*" on 22 July 1848, he wrote: "On you I principally rely. You realise that you are very 'rash,' rather inclined to be 'violent,' and have exceedingly little prudence to spare. Brothers, let your watchword be 'Now or never—now and for ever' rashly"

Brenan was associated with John Savage and John O'Mahony while Savage was operating on the slopes of the Comeragh Mountains. Brenan was arrested and kept in prison for seven months alternately in Newgate Prison, Carrickfergus and Kilmainham Gaols. During his confinement he wrote some fine poems, according to T. F. O'Sullivan, one, entitled "*Yearnings*," evidently addressed to Mary Savage, sister of John.

After his release without trial in March 1849, Brenan became editor of the *Irishman* which had been started in Dublin by Bernard Fulham, and for six months attempted to rekindle the insurrectionary flame in the country. He was implicated in the attack on the Cappoquin police barracks on 16 September 1848 and in October escaped to America.

## Escape to America

In America he became associated with a number of journals, including Horace Greeley's *Tribune*, Devin Reilly's *People*, *The Enquirer* of Newark, Jersey, and the *New Orleans Delta* in which he wrote a series of papers under the pen-name Ben Fox. On 27 August 1851, Brenan married Mary Savage, in her parents house, on Thirteenth Street, New York.

Brenan wrote some articles and poems for John Mitchel's *Citizen* in 1854. He was an enthusiastic supporter of the Southern cause, and had founded the *New Orleans Times*.

## Death

Joseph Brenan died on 27 May 1857, at the early age of twenty nine and was buried in the old French cemetery of New Orleans. During the last year of his life he was almost totally blind. He was attended in his last illness by Dr. Dalton Williams. There were seven children of the marriage, only one of whom, Florence, survived their parents. She possessed her father's literary ability, but devoted her life to religion as a member of the Mercy Order.

## Conclusion

His best known poem, "Come to Me, Dearest," was addressed to Mary Savage before their marriage. The love story of Joseph Brenan and "Mary" has been told in the sketch by Ellen Mary Patrick Downing, afterwards Sister Mary Alphonsus.

### Citations

### Sources

* O'Sullivan, T. F. (July 1944). *The Young Irelanders* (1st ed.). Tralee: The Kerryman.


title: Daniel Kibblesmith

abstract: Daniel Jordan Kibblesmith is an American writer and comedian who has written for television, comic books, and websites. As a writer for The Late Show with Stephen Colbert he is a five-time Emmy nominee.

text:
# Daniel Kibblesmith

**Daniel Jordan Kibblesmith** (born October 9, 1983) is an American writer and comedian who has written for television, comic books, and websites. As a writer for *The Late Show with Stephen Colbert* he is a five-time Emmy nominee.

## Early life

Kibblesmith is of Jewish ancestry through his mother. He attended Oak Park and River Forest High School.

## Internet writing

Kibblesmith was an early employee of Groupon, joining in 2009. When he left the company in 2014, he was then the in-house comedy writer and senior marketing copywriter. He was also in charge of developing the company's morale boosters. He left the company to become a freelancer. Kibblesmith became a founding editor of ClickHole in 2014, and afterward served as humor editor for BuzzFeed in 2015.

## Television writing

In 2015, Kibblesmith became a staff writer for *The Late Show with Stephen Colbert*. At the *Late Show*, he has received several Emmy nominations for Outstanding Writing for a Variety Series, four for the original series, and one for the special *Stephen Colbert's Live Election Night Democracy's Series Finale: Who's Going To Clean Up This Sh\*t?*. He has also been nominated for Writers Guild Awards for Comedy/Variety Talk Series. Kibblesmith was also the writer for the *Celebrating Marvel's Stan Lee* television special in 2019.

## Books

Kibblesmith is the author of the books *Princess Dinosaur* (2021), *We Wish You a Harley Christmas: DC Holiday Carols*, and *Santa's Husband* (2017). *Santa's Husband* was inspired by a humorous tweet by Kibblesmith, who had heard of someone employed as Santa Claus at the Mall of America, who happened to be black. He wrote that he would tell future children that Santa Claus was black, and that any white Santa Claus was "Santa’s husband". Following the tweet, illustrator A.P. Quach created an image of a black and white Santa in romantic positioning. He is also the co-author of the book *How to Win at Everything* (2013).

## Comic books

In 2017 Kibblesmith was the writer for the satirical Valiant Comics book *Quantum and Woody*, *Valiant High*, and the *Harley Quinn 25th Anniversary Special*. He is also the writer for several Marvel comics, including variants of *Spider-Man*, *Loki*, *Black Panther Vs. Deadpool*, and *Lockjaw*. In 2019 he discussed his *Loki* series, that it described Loki as the Marvel Universe's "bad roommate". In March 2020, he was announced as writer for the relaunch of the *New Warriors* comic, for which he co-created Marvel's first non-binary character. The direction of the new characters – particularly the use of pejorative internet slang in names as well as the perceived political agenda of the writing – was met with considerable backlash from online audiences and was never published. In October 2021, Kibblesmith wrote the one-shot *The Darkhold: Blade*, following Blade after an alternate ending to the 1998 *Blade* film.

## Social media

Kibblesmith developed the idea for GOP Teens in 2012 with a dormant website, which he first began using as a parody space in 2014. In addition to the tweets, Kibblesmith also developed a line of parody merchandise sporting the GOP Teens logo. During the 2016 US Presidential Republican Primary, the parody Twitter account "GOP Teens" was described by *Bustle* as "a Republican youth outreach campaign that hilariously skewers politicians' misguided attempts to appeal to young people" by tweeting "messages written from the perspective of someone who doesn’t really understand how social media works". Kibblesmith's personal Twitter account has also been covered by the news as he releases comic tweets and items such as fan theories. He has also used his social media to issue parody comics focused on comic strips such as *Calvin and Hobbes*.

## Personal life

Originally from Oak Park, Illinois, he lives in New York City with his wife, Jennifer Wright, whom he married in 2017. Prior to meeting his wife, he was listed as one of Elle.com's Most Eligible Bachelors.

## InfoBox

| Daniel Kibblesmith | |
| --- | --- |
| Daniel Kibblesmith on the set of *The Late Show With Stephen Colbert* in 2019 | |
| Birth name | Daniel Jordan Kibblesmith |
| Born | (1983-10-09) October 9, 1983 |
| Genres | Comedy<br>Humor |
| Spouse | Jennifer Wright (m. 2017) |
| Notable works and roles | Santa's Husband |


title: Evelyn Campbell

abstract: Evelyn Campbell was an American screenwriter, writer, and actress active during Hollywood's silent era.

text:
# Evelyn Campbell

**Evelyn Campbell** (sometimes known as **Evelyn Murray Campbell**) was an American screenwriter, writer, and actress active during Hollywood's silent era.

## Biography

Campbell was born in Kansas to J.C. Murray (a lawyer) and Maggie Parker; early on, she recalled preferring to read books over playing with dolls while growing up in Missouri. After high school, she began working as a stenographer in St. Louis while working on her writing. She began selling her stories to East Coast magazines around 1918, and soon studios were looking to turn her stories into film scenarios. She also wrote for newspapers, including the *Chicago Examiner*, *The Denver Post*, the *Dramatic Mirror* in New York, and the *San Francisco Dramatic and Musical Review*.

A few years later, she moved to California to study scenario-writing, and she had soon sold over 18 scripts to various studios, including Universal. She also wrote a number of Western novels over the course of her career.

As an actress, Campbell performed on Broadway in *Ziegfeld Follies of 1921* and *Make It Snappy* (1922).

## Personal life

Campbell was married to James Floyd Denison, and they had a son.

## Selected filmography

## InfoBox

| Evelyn Campbell | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Evelyn G. Murray
September 3, 1874
Iowa, U.S. |
| Died | June 22, 1961 (aged 86)
Camarillo, California, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Screenwriter, author |


title: Ca Huế

abstract: Ca Huế is a form of classical Vietnamese music of Central Vietnam, particularly the Huế region. It contrasts with the ca trù genre to the North, and the đờn ca tài tử "gifted scholar" style to the South. The singer sings solo, as in the ca trù genre, accompanying herself with small wooden clappers, sometimes similar to the phách sticks used in ca trù, sometimes shaped like small teacups. Before and between the solo songs a traditional ensemble plays instrumental sections to complement the singer. The ca huế ensemble should be of five excellent instruments, ngũ tuyệt.

text:
# Ca Huế

Ca Huế performance

**Ca Huế** (Vietnamese: \[kaː hwě\], Chữ Hán: 歌化, "Huế songs") is a form of classical Vietnamese music of Central Vietnam, particularly the Huế region. It contrasts with the ca trù genre to the North, and the đờn ca tài tử "gifted scholar" style to the South. The singer sings solo, as in the ca trù genre, accompanying herself with small wooden clappers, sometimes similar to the phách sticks used in ca trù, sometimes shaped like small teacups.

Before and between the solo songs a traditional ensemble plays instrumental sections to complement the singer. The *ca huế* ensemble should be of five excellent instruments, *ngũ tuyệt.*


title: Cabinet of Iván Duque

text:
# Cabinet of Iván Duque

Duque appointed all the 16 ministers and high councilors before his inauguration as president, once the inauguration ceremony was over and during his government he induced the creation of two new ministries, derived from the disappeared departments of Coldeportes and Colciencias.

## Cabinet

| Office | Name | Term |
| --- | --- | --- |
| President | **Iván Duque** | August 7, 2018 – August 7, 2022 |
| Vice President | **Marta Lucía Ramírez** | August 7, 2018 – August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of the Interior | **Nancy Patricia Gutiérrez** | August 7, 2018 - February 13, 2020 |
| | **Alicia Arango** | February 13, 2020 - December 22, 2020 |
| | **Daniel Palacios** | December 22, 2020 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | **Carlos Holmes Trujillo** | August 7, 2018 - November 12, 2019 |
| | **Claudia Blum** | November 12, 2019 - May 9, 2021 |
| | **Marta Lucía Ramírez** | May 19, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Finance and Public Credit | **Alberto Carrasquilla** | August 7, 2018 - May 3, 2021 |
| | **José Manuel Restrepo** | May 18, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Justice and Law | **Gloria María Borrero** | August 7, 2018 - May 16, 2019 |
| | **Margarita Cabello** | June 11, 2019 - August 17, 2020 |
| | **Javier Sarmiento** | August 24, 2020 - October 5, 2020 |
| | **Wilson Ruiz** | October 5, 2020 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Defense | **Guillermo Botero** | August 7, 2018 - November 6, 2019 |
| | **Luis Fernando Navarro**
*(acting)* | November 6, 2019 - November 12, 2019 |
| | **Carlos Holmes Trujillo** | November 12, 2019 - January 26, 2021 |
| | **Luis Fernando Navarro**
*(acting)* | January 26, 2021 - February 6, 2021 |
| | **Diego Molano** | February 6, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development | **Andrés Valencia** | August 7, 2018 - February 24, 2020 |
| | **Rodolfo Enrique Zea** | February 24, 2020 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Health and Social Protection | **Juan Pablo Uribe** | August 7, 2018 - December 26, 2019 |
| | **Iván Dario González**
*(acting)* | December 26, 2019 - February 23, 2020 |
| | **Fernando Ruiz** | March 3, 2020 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Labour | **Alicia Arango** | August 7, 2018 - February 13, 2020 |
| | **Ángel Custodio Cabrera** | February 27, 2020 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Mines and Energy | **María Fernanda Suárez** | August 7, 2018 - July 2, 2020 |
| | **Diego Mesa Puyo** | July 2, 2020 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism | **José Manuel Restrepo** | August 7, 2018 - May 3, 2021 |
| | **Laura Valdivieso**
*(acting)* | May 3, 2021 - May 19, 2021 |
| | **María Ximena Lombana** | June 4, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of National Education | **María Victoria Angulo** | August 7, 2018 – August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Environment and Sustainable Development | **Ricardo Lozano** | August 7, 2018 – October 3, 2020 |
| | **Carlos Eduardo Correa** | October 3, 2020 - August 7, 2022 |
| Ministry of Housing, City and Territory | **Jonathan Malagón** | August 7, 2018 – March 23, 2022 |
| | **Susana Correa** | March 23, 2022 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Information Technologies and Communications | **Sylvia Constaín** | August 7, 2018 - May 4, 2020 |
| | **Karen Abudinen** | May 4, 2020 - September 9, 2021 |
| | **Iván Mauricio Durán**
*(acting)* | September 9, 2021 - September 28, 2021 |
| | **Carmen Ligia Valderrama** | October 20, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Transport | **Ángela María Orozco** | August 7, 2018 – August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Culture | **Carmen Vásquez** | August 7, 2018 - December 24, 2020 |
| | **Felipe Buitrago** | January 12, 2021 - June 4, 2021 |
| | **Angélica Mayolo** | June 4, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Sports | **Ernesto Lucena** | September 16, 2019 - July 27, 2021 |
| | **Guillermo Herrera** | July 27, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |
| Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation | **Mabel Gisela Torres** | January 11, 2020 - June 15, 2021 |
| | **Tito José Criessen** | June 22, 2021 - August 7, 2022 |

## InfoBox

| Duque Cabinet | |
| --- | --- |
|
Cabinet of Colombia | |
| 2018-2022 | |
| Ivan Duque | |
| Date formed | 7 August 2018 (2018-08-07) |
| Date dissolved | 7 August 2022 (2022-08-07) |
| People and organisations | |
| President | Iván Duque |
| President's history | 2018-2022 |
| Vice President | Marta Lucía Ramírez |
| No. of ministers | 23 (incl. Cabinet-level members) |
| Member parties |  |
| Status in legislature | Coalition government |
| Opposition parties |  |
| History | |
| Election | 2018 Colombian presidential election |
| Legislature term | 9th Congress of Colombia |
| Advice and consent | Senate |
| Predecessor | Cabinet of Juan Manuel Santos |
| Successor | Cabinet of Gustavo Petro |


title: Cabinet of Jamshid Amouzegar

text:
# Cabinet of Jamshid Amouzegar

The cabinet led by Jamshid Amouzegar was announced on 7 August 1977. It succeeded the last cabinet of Amir-Abbas Hoveyda who submitted his resignation on 6 August. Major goal of Amouzegar's cabinet was to implement a new liberal economic program to stop inflation. The cabinet significantly decreased the annual financial aid given to mosques and religious organizations which had very negative effects on the relations between the state and religious establishment.

The cabinet lasted only for one year until 27 August 1978 when Jamshid Amouzegar resigned from office. The reason for his resignation was the increased demonstrations of religious establishment and the fire occurred in Cinema Rex in Abadan on 19 August. The next cabinet was formed by Jafar Sharif-Emami.

## List of ministers

Most of the ministers who had served in the previous cabinet led by Amir-Abbas Hoveyda retained their posts. Nearly all of the cabinet members and Prime Minister were from the Rastakhiz Party.

The cabinet was consisted of the following twenty-three members:

| Portfolio | Minister | Tookoffice | Leftoffice | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Prime Minister | Jamshid Amouzegar | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of War | Reza Azimi | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Military |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Abbas Ali Khalatbari | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development | Ahmad Ali Ahmad | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Interior | Nasir Isfahani | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Labor and Social Services | Kasim Muini | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Post, Telegraph and Telephone | Karim Mutamidi | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of Economics and Finance | Hushang Ansary | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of Roads and Communications | Murtaza Salihi | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Justice | Gholamreza Kianpour | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Health and Welfare | Shojaeddin Shiekholeslamzadeh | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of Education | Manouchehr Ganji | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of Energy | Taqi Tawakkuli | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Housing and Urban Development | Firuz Tawfiq | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Industries and Mines | Mohammad-Reza Amin | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Information and Tourism | Dariush Homayoon | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of Commerce | Kazem Khosrowshahi | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of Culture and Arts | Mehrdad Pahlbod | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of State for Economic and Development Affairs | Safi Asfia | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of State | Mohammad Yeganeh | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of State for Women's Affairs | Mahnaz Afkhami | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  | Rastakhiz Party |
| Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs | Mahmuid Kashifi | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |
| Minister of State for Executive Affairs | Manuchihr Agih | 7 August 1977 | 27 August 1978 |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Cabinet of Jamshid Amouzegar | |
| --- | --- |
| <br>Cabinet of Imperial State of Iran | |
| Amoozgar in the 1970s | |
| Date formed | 7 August 1977 (1977-08-07) |
| Date dissolved | 27 August 1978 (1978-08-27) |
| People and organisations | |
| Head of state | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Head of government | Jamshid Amouzegar |
| Total no. of members | 23 |
| Member party | Rastakhiz Party |
| History | |
| Predecessor | Cabinet of Amir-Abbas Hoveyda |
| Successor | Cabinet of Jafar Sharif-Emami |


title: Sarah Ballard

abstract: Sarah Ballard is an American astronomer who is a professor at the University of Florida. She has been a Torres Fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a L'Oreal Fellow, and a NASA Carl Sagan Fellow. Ballard was part of a collaborative team that was the first to successfully use the transit-timing variation method. This resulted in her team's confirmation of this theoretical search procedure and the discovery of the Kepler-19 planetary system with that technique. Ballard took part in the discovery of four exoplanets in the Kepler spacecraft mission prior to its finding of significant quantities of planets around other stars. Ballard has spoken about her experience as a victim of sexual harassment, about imposter syndrome, and about the controversy over the proposed Thirty Meter Telescope at the Mauna Kea Observatories.

text:
# Sarah Ballard

**Sarah Ballard** (born 1984) is an American astronomer who is a professor at the University of Florida. She has been a Torres Fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a L'Oreal Fellow, and a NASA Carl Sagan Fellow.

Ballard was part of a collaborative team that was the first to successfully use the transit-timing variation method. This resulted in her team's confirmation of this theoretical search procedure and the discovery of the Kepler-19 planetary system with that technique. Ballard took part in the discovery of four exoplanets (early numbered) in the Kepler spacecraft mission prior to its finding of significant quantities of planets around other stars.

Ballard has spoken about her experience as a victim of sexual harassment, about imposter syndrome, and about the controversy over the proposed Thirty Meter Telescope at the Mauna Kea Observatories.

## Education

As an undergraduate, Ballard started out as a gender studies major at the University of California, Berkeley. She completed a bachelor's degree from Berkeley in astrophysics in 2007, with a minor in physics. She did her graduate studies at Harvard University, completing a doctorate in astronomy and astrophysics in 2012 under the supervision of David Charbonneau.

## Fellowships

Ballard was a NASA Carl Sagan Fellow at the University of Washington where she did postdoctoral work; and in 2015 was awarded a Women in Science Fellows postdoctoral fellowship by L'Oréal USA to continue her research at MIT.

## Exoplanet discoveries

Ballard took part in the discovery of four exoplanets before she turned 30 years old, including Kepler-19c, the first exoplanet found using the transit-timing variation method on data from the Kepler space telescope mission.

| Planet Discoveries of Sarah Ballard | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Planets Discovered: 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| Number | Planet
Designation | Type | Size Class | System | Constellation | Discoverer(s) | Year | Discovery Method | Telescope |
| 1 | Kepler-19b | Exoplanet |  | Kepler-19 | Lyra | Sarah Ballard et al. |  | Transit | Kepler |
| 2 | Kepler-61b | Exoplanet |  | Kepler-61 | Lyra | Sarah Ballard et al. |  | Transit | Kepler |
| 3 | Kepler-93b | Exoplanet | Super-Earth | Kepler-93 | Lyra | Sarah Ballard et al. |  | Transit | Kepler |
| 4 | Kepler-19c | Exoplanet |  | Kepler-19 | Lyra | Sarah Ballard et al. | 2011 | Transit-timing variation | Kepler |
| Table Legend: | | | | | | | | | |
| Size class = Planet radius distribution (radius of Earth).
* Earths = 1.0 to 1.3 Earth radii. * Super-Earths = 1.3 to 2.0 Earth radii. * Small Neptunes = 2.0 to 4.0 Earth radii. * Large Neptunes = 4.0 to 6.0 Earth radii. * Giant Planets = 6.0 to 22.6 Earth radii. | | | | | Discovery method = * Transit * Transit-timing variation | | | | |

## Transit-timing variation

The transit-timing variation method (TTV) is one of two techniques, along with the transit-duration variation method, proposed in 2001 by astronomer Jordi Miralda-Escudé. TTV was amplified upon in 2004 by astronomers Matthew J. Holman and Norman W. Murray; and by Eric Agol, Jason Steffen, Re’em Sari, and Will Clarkson. Ballard was the principal investigator in the 2009 application to use the Spitzer Space Telescope to examine "The First Exoplanet Smaller than the Earth". Ballard led the team which precisely estimated the diameter of Kepler-93b to within 1 percent, using TTV.

## Activism

When exoplanetologist Geoffrey Marcy resigned from the UC Berkeley faculty over charges that he had sexually harassed female undergraduate students, Ballard came out publicly as one of his victims in order to help bring attention to sexual harassment in academia. In an interview published by *Wired*, she said that "In the parking lot outside her apartment \[...\] he gave her advice about her current relationship. She opened the door and stuck her legs out, eager to leave. \[...\] He put his hand on the back of her neck and told her to relax, that everything would work out with that boy".

Ballard has written and conducted workshops on impostor syndrome. She was involved in a controversy about the proposed Thirty Meter Telescope at Mauna Kea Observatory. Her friend, Keolu Fox, a native Hawaiian, helped her see the issue from an indigenous perspective. Ballard spoke about the issue despite fears about the effects it may have on her career.

Ballard was one of a number of scientists who expressed concern in "An open letter to SCOTUS from professional physicists drafted by the Equity & Inclusion in Physics & Astronomy group" following oral arguments in the U.S. Supreme Court case commonly known as *Fisher II* involving inclusiveness in admissions policies at the University of Texas.

## InfoBox

| Sarah Ashley Ballard | |
| --- | --- |
| Ballard in 2021 | |
| Born | 1984 (age 3940) |
| Education | B.A. Astrophysics, UC Berkeley
Ph.D. Astronomy and Astrophysics, Harvard (2012) |
| Known for | Discovery of Kepler-19c (first exoplanet by transit-timing variation) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Exoplanetary astrophysics |
| Thesis | *In Pursuit of New Worlds: Searches for and Studies of Transiting Exoplanets from Three Space-Based Observatories*  (2012) |
| Doctoral advisor | David Charbonneau |
|  | |
| Website | drballard.space |


title: Sarah Banet-Weiser

abstract: Sarah Banet-Weiser is a distinguished professor of communication and author. She is currently a joint professor at the Annenberg School of Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California and at the University of Pennsylvania. She previously was the head of the London School of Economics and Political Science's (LSE) Media and Communication Department between September 2018 and June 2021. In July 2014, Banet-Weiser became director of the USC Annenberg School for Communication.

text:
# Sarah Banet-Weiser

**Sarah Banet-Weiser** (born 1966) is a distinguished professor of communication and author. She is currently a joint professor at the Annenberg School of Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California and at the University of Pennsylvania. She previously was the head of the London School of Economics and Political Science's (LSE) Media and Communication Department between September 2018 and June 2021. In July 2014, Banet-Weiser became director of the USC Annenberg School for Communication.

## Professional work

In 2012, Banet-Weiser's book, *Authentic™: The Politics of Ambivalence in a Brand Culture*, was released. The book looks at consumerism and brands. The book was reviewed in *Slate*. Her work has been featured in *The Wall Street Journal*, *Media, Culture & Society*, *Journal of Consumer Culture*. In 2018, Banet-Weiser's book, *Empowered: Popular Feminism and Popular Misogyny* was released in the United Kingdom. and the United States.

## Works

* Banet-Weiser, Sarah. *Authentic™: The Politics of Ambivalence in a Brand Culture*. New York: New York University Press (2012). ISBN 0814787142
* —. Cynthia Chris and Anthony Freitas. *Cable Visions*. New York: New York University Press Academic (2007).
* —. *Kids Rule!: Nickelodeon and Consumer Citizenship (Console-ing Passions)*. Durham: Duke University (2007).
* —.*The Most Beautiful Girl in the World: Beauty Pageants and National Identity*. Berkeley: University of California Press (1999).
* —. *Empowered: Popular Feminism and Popular Misogyny*. Duke University Press Books (2018). ISBN 9781478001683
* with Higgins, Kathryn Clare (2023). *Believability: Sexual Violence, Media, and the Politics of Doubt*. Cambridge, UK and Hoboken, New Jersey: Polity Press. ISBN 978-1-5095-5381-5.

Category:Academics of the London School of Economics

## InfoBox

| Sarah Banet-Weiser | |
| --- | --- |
| Sarah Banet-Weiser at USC Annenberg, 2015 | |
| Born | 1966 (age 5758) |


title: Sarah Hall Boardman

abstract: Sarah Hall Judson was an American missionary and writer.

text:
# Sarah Hall Boardman

**Sarah Hall Judson** (née **Boardman**; November 4, 1803 – September 1, 1845) was an American missionary and writer.

## Biography

Sarah Hall was born in Alstead, New Hampshire. She spent twenty years of her life in Burma (now known as Myanmar) doing missionary work. She and her husband George Boardman sailed to Burma in 1824, just one week after their wedding. They had a son also named George Dana Boardman, often referred to as "George Boardman the Younger". She was widowed in 1830.

Although during this era a widowed missionary wife would be expected to return to her homeland, Boardman continued to proselytize Karen in the jungles and supervised mission schools. In April 4,1834, she married Adoniram Judson. In 1844, she gave birth to Edward Judson, who later pastored a church in New York City named after his father.

Her illness forced the family to return to the United States in 1844, but she died en route at Saint Helena. While in the U.S., Judson asked Emily Chubbuck to write Boardman's biography, and he subsequently married Chubbuck.

Boardman's Burmese translation of *The Pilgrim's Progress* is still in use at the start of the 21st century; she also translated the New Testament into Peguan.

## Family

Sarah had one son, George, with her first husband. She had several children with her second husband; Abby Ann (1835), Adoniram Brown (1837), Elnathan (1838), Henry (1838), Luther (1841), Henry Hall (1842), Charles (1843), Edward (1844).

* Rosalie Beck (Spring 2006). "More than rubies". *Christian History & Biography*. **90**: 25.
* Richard V. Pierard (Spring 2006). "The Man Who Gave the Bible to the Burmese". *Christian History & Biography*. **90**: 16–21.

## InfoBox

| Sarah Hall Boardman | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Born | 4 November 1803
Alstead |
| Died | 1 September 1845  (aged 41)
Saint Helena |
| Spouse(s) | Adoniram Judson  (m. 18341845) |
| Children | 1 |


title: Sarah Atereth

abstract: Sarah Atereth is an American recording artist, singer, songwriter, dancer, choreographer, and record producer, known for her sultry vocal style, unique lyrics and dynamic dancing. Atereth has had five consecutive hit songs worldwide, including two No. 1 UK hits as reported by MusicWeek and DMC magazines.

text:
# Sarah Atereth

**Sarah Atereth** is an American recording artist, singer, songwriter, dancer, choreographer, and record producer, known for her sultry vocal style, unique lyrics and dynamic dancing. Atereth has had five consecutive hit songs worldwide, including two No. 1 UK hits as reported by *MusicWeek* and *DMC* magazines.

## Early life and education

Atereth was born and raised in Denver, Colorado, where she performed in the local theatre scene and graduated valedictorian of her high school class. She left Denver to pursue her artistic passions in New York City. While in New York, she trained as a singer with Juilliard voice professor, Beverley Johnson and as a dancer with Fred Benjamin, the head of jazz department at Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater. Atereth is a graduate of Columbia University.

## Career

Atereth's music career began when she was introduced to Chris Blackwell, (founder of Island Records and collaborator with U2, Bob Marley). Blackwell, in turn, paired her with Rick Chertoff, (producer of Cyndi Lauper's hit songs "Girls Just Wanna Have Fun", "Time After Time", and Joan Osborne's "One Of Us") who co-produced Atereth's debut album, "Beguile".

Atereth's first single, "You Wouldn't Know How", hit No. 24 on Billboard Magazine's Dance Club Play Chart and crossed over to CHR/Mainstream Radio as reported by Radio & Records Magazine. Her song, "Out of My Mind", remixed by Tony Moran, hit No. 9 on Billboard Magazine's Dance Club Play Chart and received worldwide radio play.

Atereth's "The Remixes EP" debuted at No. 1 on the UK's DMC's Mainstream Chart unseating Stevie Nicks' "Dreams" remixed by Deep Dish (band). "The Remixes EP" also hit No. 2 on DMC's Club Chart. Music Week charted Atereth's "The Remixes EP" at No. 3 on their Commercial and Upfront Club Charts.

Her third single, "Fade Away", was the No. 1 most played song on XM Satellite Radio's bpm Station. The single was Atereth's first Top 40 Mainstream charting song as reported by Radio & Records Magazine. "Fade Away" hit No. 10 on Billboard Magazine's Dance Club Play Chart.

Atereth's fourth single "It Doesn't Take Much" hit No. 4 on Billboard Magazine's Dance Club Play Chart, No. 17 on Billboard's Magazine's Dance/Club Songs (Year End) and No. 19 on Billboard's Magazine's Dance/Mix Show Airplay hit No. 4 on Billboard Magazine's Dance Club Play Chart, No. 17 on Billboard's Magazine's Dance/Club Songs (Year End) and No. 19 on Billboard's Magazine's Dance/Mix Show Airplay. Remixers include world-famous DJ Tracy Young, who appears in the music video along with DJ Brett Hendrichsen of Masterbeat.

Atereth's fifth single "Without You", co-written with Bryan Adams hit No. 1 on Music Week’s Upfront Club Top 40 Chart. "Without You" is remixed and supported by DJs, including Tiesto, Paul Oakenfold, Steve Aoki, Solasso, Nightstylers, Felix Leitner, and Riley & Durrant.

Atereth is one of the featured artists of until.org, along with Kevin Bacon, Jessica Alba and Michael Phelps.

Atereth was nominated for Best New Artist at the Winter Music Conference IDMA awards 2005 and Best Breakthrough Artist Solo at the Winter Music Conference IDMA awards 2007. Atereth was also named Music Week's FUTURE FACE of 2012. As a writer, Atereth has been featured in numerous publications, online magazines and articles including z!nk and Artistpreneurs.

## Discography

### Albums

* *Beguile* (2004)

### Remixes and EPs

* Fade Away (The Club Remixes)
* Without You (The Remixes)
* It Doesn't Take Much (The Radio Remixes)
* UK EP (The Pop Remixes)
* Fade Away (The Radio Remixes) – EP
* Out of My Mind (The Club Remixes) – EP
* You Wouldn't Know How (The Remixes I)
* It Doesn't Take Much (The Club Remixes)
* You Wouldn't Know How (Top 40 Edit)
* You Wouldn't Know How (The Remixes II)
* Without You (The Remixes II)
* Out of My Mind (The Radio Remixes)
* UK EP (The Club Remixes)
* Global Groove – Live 3
* Party Groove: Gay Days, Vol. 3

### Singles

* "You Wouldn’t Know How"
* "Out of My Mind"
* "Fade Away"
* "It Doesn’t Take Much"
* "Without You"

## InfoBox

| Sarah Atereth | |
| --- | --- |
| Sarah Atereth performing at Night of a Thousand Gowns, NYC | |
| Background information | |
| Born | Denver, Colorado, U.S. |
| Genres | Pop, dance |
| Occupation(s) | Recording artist, singer, songwriter, dancer, choreographer, record producer |
| Years active | 2000–present |
| Labels | Beguile Records |
|  | |
| Website | thesarah.com |


title: Caduti della Direttissima

abstract: Caduti della Direttissima refers to the workers that died during the construction of the Bologna–Florence railway (Direttissima).

text:
# Caduti della Direttissima

**Caduti della Direttissima** refers to the workers that died during the construction of the Bologna–Florence railway (Direttissima).

## History and geography

The railway line between Bologna and Florence (Direttissima) opened in 1934. Inside the railway there is a gallery which links the Apennines between Tuscany and Emilia Romagna, from Florence to Bologna, and it is situated between two train stations: Vernio-Montepiano-Cantagallo and San Benedetto Val di Sambro. The gallery is 18,507 metres (60,719 ft) long. On January 12, 1920, the excavation for the construction of the great gallery at the entrance to the south began and on July 20, 1920 at the north entrance. The excavation was fast enough. The tunnel was completed on December 4, 1929.

## Working conditions

The construction of the gallery involved workers from all over Italy and especially from Tuscan-Emilian countries where there was no work. The living conditions of the workers were very difficult: people went to work for the Bologna–Florence railway for necessity, but the work was very dangerous, tiring and not protected and the means of transport that brought to the work place did not exist. The work outside the tunnel consisted in working during the day and there was a break of one hour to eat. Inside the gallery, the workers had three continuous shifts of eight hours from morning to the evening. They worked on Sunday and had few holidays. The workers ate something quickly, sometimes in secret, between a job and the other. Team leaders were assigned the direct control of the work. The first teams were given the most dangerous phases: the temperature reached 60 °C (140 °F), the workers had to alternate every 5 minutes. The hard working conditions caused frequent incidents, the major causes were collapse and gas explosions or mine. In case of an incident, the workers were transported to the "ospedaletto" of Lagaro or to the Hospital "Mussolini" of Bologna. The conditions of the workers were not protected: the work was hard and it was easy to be fired, there was not a trade union to defend workers. The strike was not allowed. A positive aspect was that the workers had an insurance at work, and in case of illness, they had a minimum level of protection, but in case of serious injury, disability was recognized.

## Incidents

During the construction of the tunnel, 99 men died while they were working on it. Many incidents were caused by gas release, the most abundant one occurred on August 3, 1928, and it caused a fire in a building site and the suspension of the excavations for almost six months. Some of these incidents were caused by violent penetration of water that could cause deadly damage: the most tragic of the water leakage occurred on 4 November 1927, work had to be suspended. The dead workers are remembered on two plaques affixed to the entrance of Prato station, so that they will not be forgotten.


title: Caboolture railway line

abstract: The Caboolture railway line refers to the section of Queensland's North Coast Line that has a regular suburban railway service, extending north of Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia. The line commences at Roma Street railway station, travelling through the city and extends through Brisbane's northern suburbs to Caboolture, which the line continues north to Sunshine Coast and connects with the Ipswich line south-west of Brisbane. The line distance from Brisbane Central railway station is 49.6 km (30.8 mi). Lines that branch from it are the Ferny Grove line at Bowen Hills, the Doomben and Airport lines at Eagle Junction, the Shorncliffe line at Northgate and the Redcliffe Peninsula line at Petrie.

text:
# Caboolture railway line

The **Caboolture railway line** refers to the section of Queensland's North Coast Line that has a regular suburban railway service, extending north of Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia. The line commences at Roma Street railway station, travelling through the city and extends through Brisbane's northern suburbs to Caboolture, which the line continues north to Sunshine Coast and connects with the Ipswich line south-west of Brisbane. The line distance from Brisbane Central railway station is 49.6 km (30.8 mi).

Lines that branch from it are the Ferny Grove line at Bowen Hills, the Doomben and Airport lines at Eagle Junction, the Shorncliffe line at Northgate and the Redcliffe Peninsula line at Petrie.

## History

The first section of the line, to Northgate (and onto Sandgate) opened in 1882. In 1883 the Queensland government decided to link Gladstone to Brisbane by railway, and eventually decided upon Northgate as the junction for the new line.

The alignment from Roma St to Bowen Hills was via Normanby (today known as the Exhibition line), and this remained the case until the dual track line via Central opened in 1890.

The Queensland Government called tenders for construction of the new line in 1886, with the contractor undertaking works "energetically", and despite delays due to the late arrival of bridge beams, the line was unofficially opened on 11 June 1888, with the official opening on 16 June 1888. The next section of the North Coast line to Landsborough opened in 1890.

The section from Bowen Hills to Eagle Junction was duplicated in 1886, with the section to Northgate duplicated in 1890, and on to Caboolture by 1917.

The section from Roma St to Bowen Hills was electrified in 1979, to Northgate in 1982, to Petrie in 1983 and to Caboolture in 1986.

The growth in patronage as a result of electrification resulted in the quadruplication of the Roma St-Northgate section in 1996, including 2 pairs of single track tunnels and the realisation of the use of the Bowen Hills tunnel widened 20 years earlier. Some of the roadbed and bridge abutments had been built in the 1950s before the original quadruplication scheme was abandoned. A third line has been added as far as Lawnton, which has been extended to Petrie as part of the Redcliffe Peninsula line, which opened on 4 October 2016. Following the opening of the Redcliffe Peninsula line, a decision was made that all services on the Caboolture line would run express between Petrie and Bowen Hills, stopping only at Northgate and Eagle Junction. Stations between Petrie and Northgate would be serviced by the new Redcliffe Peninsula services while stations between Northgate and Bowen Hills would continue to be serviced by other existing services.

## Line guide and services

All trains run express between Petrie and Bowen Hills, stopping only at Northgate and Eagle Junction. The typical travel time between Caboolture and Brisbane City is approximately 51 minutes (to Central). A few services that originate or continue to Gympie North on the Sunshine Coast line skips stations between Caboolture and Bowen Hills stopping only at Petrie and Northgate (45 minutes)

During the off-peak, services generally continue to Ipswich railway station on the Ipswich and Rosewood line.

Passengers for/from the Sunshine Coast line change at Petrie or Northgate, Redcliffe Peninsula line at Petrie, Shorncliffe line at Northgate, Airport and Doomben lines at Eagle Junction, Ferny Grove line change at Bowen Hills, and all other lines at Central.

| Caboolture railway line<br>showing distance from Central and ticket zone |
| --- |

1. "North Coast Railway. The Opening of the Caboolture Extension. Official Visit of Ministers". *The Brisbane Courier*. QLD. 18 June 1888. p. 6. Archived from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
2. Kerr, J. 'Triumph of Narrow Gauge' Boolarong publications 1990
3. Kerr, J. 'Brunswick St, Bowen Hills & Beyond' ARHS 1988
4. The coming of the Queensland Railways Archived 16 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine J. R. Henley. Retrieved 5 June 2011
5. "Caboolture Line timetable". *Translink*. 2 March 2020.

## InfoBox

| Caboolture line | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Overview | |
| Status | Operational |
| Owner | Queensland Rail |
| Locale | Caboolture |
| Termini |  |
| Stations | 13 |
| Website | queenslandrail.com.au |
| Service | |
| Type | Commuter rail |
| System | Queensland Rail City network |
| Operator(s) | Queensland Rail |
| History | |
| Opened | 11 June 1888 (1888-06-11) |
| Technical | |
| Line length | 49.570 km (30.801 mi) |
| Number of tracks | Quadruple to Northgate, triple to Petrie, remainder double track. |
| Track gauge | 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) |
| Electrification | 1982–1986 |
| Operating speed | 100 km/h (62 mph) |


title: Caboolture State High School

abstract: Caboolture State High School is a coeducational independent public secondary school located in Caboolture in the local government area of the City of Moreton Bay in Queensland, Australia. Since October 2018, Caboolture State High School's role of the Principal of the School has been held by Fiona Free. The school also consists of Six Deputy Principals, Two Business Manager, Seventeen Heads of Department, Three Guidance Officers, One School Nurse, One Chaplain, One Youth Support Worker, One Community Education Counsellor, Six Year Level Coordinators.

text:
# Caboolture State High School

**Caboolture State High School** is a coeducational independent public secondary school located in Caboolture in the local government area of the City of Moreton Bay in Queensland, Australia.

Since October 2018, Caboolture State High School's role of the Principal of the School has been held by Fiona Free. The school also consists of Six Deputy Principals, Two Business Manager, Seventeen Heads of Department, Three Guidance Officers, One School Nurse, One Chaplain, One Youth Support Worker, One Community Education Counsellor, Six Year Level Coordinators.

## LearnIT

LearnIT was Excellence Program available to high-achieving students from Years 7 to 10. Students had to complete an interview process and obtain evidence of academic success, behavior and work ethic to be eligible for the program. They also had the opportunity to obtain a Certificate II in Information, Digital Media & Technology by the end of Year 10. The program was since discontinued at the end of 2019, with the last of its students completing it in 2022, and graduating in 2024.

## Vocational Education & Training

Vocational Education & Training (VET) courses available to students in Year 10 include:

* Certificate I in AgriFood Operations (AHC10216)
* Certificate I in Information, Digital Media & Technology (ICT10115)
* Certificate II in Information, Digital Media & Technology (ICT20115) (LearnIT only)

VET courses available to students in Years 11 and 12 include:

* Certificate II in Creative Industries (Media) (CUA20215)
* Certificate II in Hospitality (SIT20136)
* Certificate II in Rural Operations (AHC21216)
* Certificate III in Business (BSB30115)
* Certificate III in Information, Digital Media & Technology (ICT30115)
* Certificate III in Sport and Recreation (SIS30115)

## Extra-curricular activities

Extra-curricular activities available to students at Caboolture State High School include:

* Camps
* Cattle Club
* Public speaking
    + Lions' Youth of the Year
    + Plain English Speaking
    + Quota
    + Rotary
    + Zonta Young Women in Public Speaking Award
* Queensland Debating Society competition

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| Caboolture State High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
|  | |
| Lee Street
Caboolture, Queensland
Australia | |
| Coordinates | 27°05′02″S 152°57′41″E / 27.084°S 152.9615°E / -27.084; 152.9615 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public, secondary |
| Motto | May I be worthy |
| Established | 1958 |
| Principal | Doug Watson (Interim) |
| Grades | 7–12 |
| Enrolment | 1468 (2022) |
| Colour(s) | Bottle green, grey (Junior Grade 7–9) and white (Senior Grade 10–12) |
| Website | CSHS |