title: Émil Goeldi

abstract: Émil August Goeldi, was a Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist. He was the father of Oswaldo Goeldi, a noted Brazilian engraver and illustrator.

text:
# Émil Goeldi

**Émil August Goeldi** (var. **Göldi**, Portuguese var. **Emílio Augusto Goeldi**) (28 August 1859  5 July 1917 in Bern), was a Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist. He was the father of Oswaldo Goeldi, a noted Brazilian engraver and illustrator.

## Biography

Goeldi studied zoology in Jena, Germany with Ernst Haeckel, and in 1884 he was invited by Ladislau de Souza Mello Netto, the influential director of the Brazilian Museu Imperial e Nacional, to work at that institution. Goeldi arrived in Rio de Janeiro in 1885 to work in the National Museum (now the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. In May 1890, he was fired, due to political circumstances related to the proclamation of the republic and the exile of his principal benefactor, Emperor D. Pedro II.

He was then invited by the governor of the state of Pará, Lauro Sodré, to reorganize the Pará Museum of Natural History and Ethnography, in Belém, which had been founded in 1866 by Domingos Soares Ferreira Penna. He arrived on 9 June 1894 in Belém. In his pioneering work, Goeldi was helped by several other foreign researchers, such as the Swiss botanist Jacques Huber (1867–1914), zoologist Emilie Snethlage (1868–1929), geologists Friedrich Katzer (1861–1925), and Alexander Karl von Kraatz-Koschlau (1867–1900), and Adolpho Ducke (1876–1959), entomologist, ethnographer and botanist.

In 1902, the Museu Paraense de História Natural e Ethnography was renamed in his honour. It is now called the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. In 1905 Émil Goeldi renounced his post, due to ill health, and returned to Switzerland where he died in Bern, in 1917, at age 58. Hüber, then Snethlage and Ducke succeeded him as general directors of the Goeldi Museum in Belém.

## Contributions

Goeldi was primarily a zoologist and described many new Brazilian species of birds and mammals. Some of the species which bear his name are:

Several other species were named in honour of Émil Goeldi, such as:

### In other scientific fields

Goeldi was also recognized as an important early figure in public health and epidemiology in Brazil, because he studied the mechanism of transmission of yellow fever and advocated the importance of fighting the mosquito as the vector of the disease, several years before Oswaldo Cruz did so. His extensive scientific research on the geography, geology, flora, fauna, archaeology, ethnography and socio-economical conditions of the present day region of Amapá was very important to end the Contestado territorial litigation between France and Brazil, ceding the territory to Brazil on 1 December 1900, by the international decision of the court of Bern.

## Publications

* Goeldi, E. A. (1886). Bericht über zwei ältere, unbekannt gebliebene illustrierte Manuskripte portugiesisch-brasilianischer Naturforscher. I. Die zoologischen Zeichnungen von Alexander Rodriguez Ferreira. II. Die zoologischen Zeichnungen von Arruda da Camara. *Zoologische Jahrbücher*, Jena, 2, 175-184
* Goeldi, E. A. (1892). Zur Orientierung in der Spinnenfauna Brasiliens. *Mitteilungen aus dem Osterlande (Neue Folge)*, 5, 200-248
* Goeldi, E. A. (1897). A lenda amazônica do "cauré". *Bol. Mus. Paraense*, 2, 430-441
* Goeldi, E. A. (1897). On the nesting of *Cassicus persicus, Cassidrix oryzivora, Gymnomystax melanicterus* and *Todirostrum maculatum*. *Ibis, 7*(3), 361-370
* Goeldi, E. A. (1898 (1897)). A lenda amazônica do "cauré". *Bol. Mus. Paraense, 2*, 430-441
* Goeldi, E. A. (1900). Sobre a nidificação do *Cassicus persicus* (japim), do *Cassidix oryzivora* (graúna), do *Gymnomystax melanicterus* (aritauá) e do *Todirostrum maculatum* (ferreirinho). *Bol. Mus. Para. Hist. Nat. Ethnogr., (Mus. Para.)*, 3, 203-210
* Goeldi, E. A. (1904). *Against the destruction of white herons and red ibises on the lower Amazon, especially on the Island of Marajó*(2 ed.). Belém: Pará
* Geoldi, E. A. (1905). *Myrmecologische Mitteilung das Wachsen des Pilzgartens von* Atta cephalotes *betreffend*. Paper presented at the C.r. 6th Congr. Int. Zool., Berne
* Goeldi, E. A. (1905). *Beobachtungen über die erste Anlage einer neuen Kolonie von Atta cephalotes*. Paper presented at the C.r. 6th Congr. Int. Zool., Berne
* Goeldi, E. A. (1905). Os mosquitos do Pará. Reunião de quatro trabalhos sobre os mosquitos indígenas, principalmente as espécies que molestam o homem. *Mem. Museu E. Goeldi*, 4, 1-152
* Goeldi, E. A. (1908 (1909)). *Microtrogon* novo nome genérico proposto para *Trogon ramonianus* Des Murs. *Bol. Mus. Para. Hist. Nat. Ethnogr., (Mus. Pará), 5*(1), 92-95
* Goeldi, E. A. (1911). *Der Ameisenstaat, seine Entstehung und seine Einrichtung, die Organisation der Arbeit und die Naturwunder seines Haushaltes*. Leipzig & Berlin: Teubner

The standard author abbreviation Goeldi is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.  * Struder, T. (1917). Professor Dr. Emil August Goeldi (1859–1917). *Verhandlungen der schweizerischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft*, Zürich 1917, 36-59
* Papavero, N. (1973). *Essays on the history of Neotropical dipterology, with special reference to collectors (1750-1905)*. São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo
* Cunha, O. R. (1983). Emílio Augusto Goeldi (1859–1917). *Ciência e Cultura, 35*(12), 1965–1972

## InfoBox

| Émil August Goeldi | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 28 August 1859
Ennetbühl, Upper Toggenburg District,
Sankt Gallen, Switzerland |
| Died | 5 July 1917 (1917-07-06) (aged 57)
Bern, Switzerland |
| Other names | Göldi, Emilio Augusto Goeldi |
| Citizenship | Switzerland
Brazil |
| Alma mater | Friedrich Schiller Universität, Jena
Universität Leipzig |
| Known for | Reorganizer of the Goeldi Museum in Brazil |
| Children | Oswaldo Goeldi |
| Awards | Life-Director of museum renamed for him |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Zoology, Archaeology, Public health |
| Institutions | Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Brazil |
| Patrons | Pedro II of Brazil |
| Doctoral advisor | Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel |
| Other academic advisors | Karl Georg Friedrich Rudolph Leuckart |
| Author abbrev. (botany) | **Goeldi** |
| Author abbrev. (zoology) | **Goeldi** |
|  | |


title: Daly languages

abstract: The Daly languages are an areal group of four to five language families of Indigenous Australian languages. They are spoken within the vicinity of the Daly River in the Northern Territory.

text:
# Daly languages

The **Daly languages** are an areal group of four to five language families of Indigenous Australian languages. They are spoken within the vicinity of the Daly River in the Northern Territory.

## Classification

In the lexicostatistic classification of O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin, the Daly languages were put in four distinct families. Darrell Tryon combined these into a single family, with the exception of Murrinh-patha. However, such methodologies are less effective with languages with a long history of word borrowing.

Linguist Ian Green found that the languages could not be shown to be related by the comparative method, and so should be considered five independent families and language isolates. The features they do share also tend to be shared with neighboring languages outside the Daly group.

The established families (according to Nordlinger) are:

Malak-Malak and Wagaydyic were once considered grouped into a Northern Daly family. Contemporary classifications may use Northern Daly to refer to Malak-Malak to the exclusion of the Wagaydyic languages (as Nordlinger does).

## Vocabulary

Capell (1940) lists the following basic vocabulary items for three Daly languages:

| gloss | Mulluk Mulluk
(Northern Daly) | Marithiel
(Western Daly) | Nanggumiri
(Southern Daly) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| man | *jinja* | *mäɽi* | *meːbur* |
| woman | *aluwaɽa* | *mogo* | *walmi* |
| head | *bundu* | *biji* | *däbi* |
| eye | *numuru* | *miɽi* | *damɔi* |
| nose | *jinin* | *jɛn* | *dedji* |
| mouth | *aɽe* | *ŋaɭ* | *dedir* |
| tongue | *njändilg* | *ŋaɭ ḏiri-ḏiri* | *daːŋ* |
| stomach | *mɛn* | *maři* | *dɛːgɛː* |
| bone | *muɽid* | *amuwa* | *ami* |
| blood | *dawud* | *wogirin* | *budjän* |
| kangaroo | *djɛjud* | *awɛdjiwuruŋ* | *djawugu* |
| possum | *wiju* | *abujiri* | *abundarmi* |
| emu |  | *amuɽdjiːr* |  |
| crow | *waŋgir* | *awag* | *awaŋgi* |
| fly | *ŋudjun* | *awamir* | *ami* |
| sun | *miɽi* | *bandi* | *miːri* |
| moon | *jɛl* | *biŋgal* | *diwin* |
| fire | *djiäŋ* | *djändji* | *jäŋgi* |
| smoke | *wɛn* | *djämu* | *jäŋgi dawan* |
| water | *waːg* | *wodi* | *guɽu* |

* The Daly Languages website (dalylanguages.org) brings together analysis, field note sketches and recordings of these languages.

## InfoBox

| Daly | |
| --- | --- |
| (geographic) | |
| Geographic
distribution | Daly River region, northern Australia |
| Linguistic classification | Geographic group of Australian language families. |
| Subdivisions |  |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | *None* |
| The Daly languages (color), among the other non-Pama-Nyungan languages (grey) | |
|
Closeup. Anson Bay is the northernmost section, Murrinh-patha the westernmost. | |


title: Carapichea

abstract:
Carapichea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to Central America and northern South America from Nicaragua to Brazil. One species, Carapichea ipecacuanha, is used medicinally as the source of ipecac, a powerful emetic. 24 species are accepted:
  - Carapichea adinantha (Standl.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea affinis (Standl.) L.Andersson - Costa Rica, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil
  - Carapichea araguariensis (Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea cardenasiana C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea crebinervia (Standl.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea dolichophylla (Standl.) C.M.Taylor - Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
  - Carapichea fimbriflora (Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea franquevilleana (Müll.Arg.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea galbaoensis (Steyerm.) O.Lachenaud & Delprete
  - Carapichea guianensis Aubl. - Suriname, French Guiana, Amapá, Pará
  - Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) L.Andersson - Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia, Brazil
  - Carapichea klugii (Standl.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea ligularis (Rudge) Delprete - Brazil, Suriname, French Guiana, Guyana
  - Carapichea lucida J.G.Jardim & Zappi - Bahia
  - Carapichea maturacensis (Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea necopinata (Standl.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea pacimonica (Müll.Arg.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea panurensis (Müll.Arg.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea sandwithiana (Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea squamelligera (Steyerm.) O.Lachenaud & Delprete
  - Carapichea tillettii (Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea urniformis (Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea vasivensis (Müll.Arg.) C.M.Taylor
  - Carapichea verrucosa C.M.Taylor

text:
# Carapichea

***Carapichea*** is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to Central America and northern South America from Nicaragua to Brazil. One species, *Carapichea ipecacuanha*, is used medicinally as the source of ipecac, a powerful emetic.

24 species are accepted:

## InfoBox

| *Carapichea* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Carapichea ipecacuanha* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Rubioideae |
| Tribe: | Palicoureeae |
| Genus: | *Carapichea*
Aubl. (1775) |
|
| Type species | |
| *Carapichea guianensis*
Aubl. | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Ipecacuanha* Raf. (1838) * *Nettlera* Raf. (1838), nom. superfl. * *Stachyococcus* Standl. (1936) | |


abstract: The Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District is a historic district in Springfield, Massachusetts, bounded by Chestnut Street to the West; State Street to the South; and includes properties on Mattoon, Salem, Edwards and Elliot Streets. Located in the Metro Center, the Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District is one of the few neighborhoods in the Knowledge Corridor lined with historic, restored red-brick Victorian row houses on both sides, covered by tree canopies. The Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District consists of housing stock of various architectural styles, from detached Victorian houses, to attached red-brick row-houses, to H.H. Richardson churches. The area contains Mid 19th Century Revivals and Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals. Since 2006, Metro Center – and in particular, the Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District – has seen a notable resurgence in residential living, with growing populations of people seeking an urban, cultural environment at reasonable prices, e.g. 20-somethings, LGBTs, bohemians, urban professionals, and empty-nesters. The Mattoon Street neighborhood features many of Springfield's most prestigious residential addresses, on Mattoon Street, Salem Street, Elliot Street, etc. It also features one of the famous architect H.H. Richardson's first works in the Richardsonian Romanesque style, the Hispanic Baptist Church. Early each Fall, the neighborhood hosts a large arts festival, "The Mattoon Street Arts Festival." The historic district's namesake Quadrangle features a grouping of five museums around the Dr. Seuss Memorial Sculpture Garden. Recent developments include 2008's $57 million Moshe Safdie-designed, Federal Courthouse on State Street; and the TRO Jung|Brannen designed $101 million adaptive reuse of Springfield's original Technical High School for Massachusetts' Data Center.

text:
# Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District

The **Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District** is a historic district in Springfield, Massachusetts, bounded by Chestnut Street to the West; State Street to the South; and includes properties on Mattoon, Salem, Edwards and Elliot Streets. Located in the Metro Center, the Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District is one of the few neighborhoods in the Knowledge Corridor lined with historic, restored red-brick Victorian row houses on both sides, covered by tree canopies.

The Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District consists of housing stock of various architectural styles, from detached Victorian houses, to attached red-brick row-houses, to H.H. Richardson churches. The area contains Mid 19th Century Revivals and Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals.

Since 2006, Metro Center – and in particular, the Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District – has seen a notable resurgence in residential living, with growing populations of people seeking an urban, cultural environment at reasonable prices, e.g. 20-somethings, LGBTs, bohemians, urban professionals, and empty-nesters. The Mattoon Street neighborhood features many of Springfield's most prestigious residential addresses, on Mattoon Street, Salem Street, Elliot Street, etc. It also features one of the famous architect H.H. Richardson's first works in the Richardsonian Romanesque style, the Hispanic Baptist Church. Early each Fall, the neighborhood hosts a large arts festival, "The Mattoon Street Arts Festival."

The historic district's namesake Quadrangle features a grouping of five museums around the Dr. Seuss Memorial Sculpture Garden. Recent developments include 2008's $57 million Moshe Safdie-designed, Federal Courthouse on State Street; and the TRO Jung|Brannen designed $101 million adaptive reuse of Springfield's original Technical High School for Massachusetts' Data Center.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Museum of Fine Arts | |
|  | |
| Location | Springfield, Massachusetts |
| Coordinates | 42°6′16″N 72°35′10″W / 42.10444°N 72.58611°W / 42.10444; -72.58611 |
| Built | 1811 |
| Architect | Richardson, H.H.; Et al. |
| Architectural style | Mid 19th Century Revival, Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian |
| NRHP reference No. | 74000371 (original)<br>00001393 (increase) |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | May 8, 1974 |
| Boundary increase | November 22, 2000 |


title: The Afterlife with Suzane Northrop

abstract: The Afterlife with Suzane Northrop is a Canadian English language documentary television series, which premiered on September 14, 2008 at 7:00 p.m. EST on the Canadian digital cable specialty channel, OutTV.

text:
# The Afterlife with Suzane Northrop

***The Afterlife with Suzane Northrop*** (often referred to as ***The Afterlife***) is a Canadian English language documentary television series, which premiered on September 14, 2008 at 7:00 p.m. EST on the Canadian digital cable specialty channel, OutTV.

## Premise

Each episode, medium Suzane Northrop along with host David Millbern, holds séances in an intimate studio setting with approximately 20 members of the LGBT community and their families in hopes of connecting with their deceased loved ones.

## Broadcasters

## InfoBox

| *The Afterlife with Suzane Northrop* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | documentary |
| Starring | Suzane Northrop<br>David Millbern (host) |
| Country of origin | Canada |
| Original language | English |
| No. of seasons | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 8 |
| Production | |
| Production locations | Vancouver, British Columbia |
| Running time | 30 minutes |
| Original release | |
| Network | OutTV |
| Release | September 14, 2008 (2008-09-14) |


# Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 300 metre free rifle, team

The men's 300 metre team free rifle event was one of five free rifle events of the competitions in the Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics events in Paris. It was held from August 3 to August 5, 1900. 30 shooters from 6 nations competed, with five shooters per team. Medals were given for individual high scores in each of the three positions, overall individual high scores, and the scores of the five shooters were summed to give a team score. The top scoring team was Switzerland, led by individual champion Emil Kellenberger. Silver went to Norway, while France took bronze.

## Background

This was the first appearance of the men's 300 metre team rifle event, which was held 4 times between 1900 and 1920. The favourite was Switzerland, who had won two of the three world championships (1897 and 1899) to date and taken bronze in the third (1898). France had also reached the podium all three times, winning in 1898.

## Competition format

The competition had each shooter fire 120 shots, 40 shots in each of three positions: prone, kneeling, and standing. The target was 1 metre in diameter, with 10 scoring rings; targets were set at a distance of 300 metres. The five team members' scores were then summed. Thus, the maximum score possible was 6000 points. Medals were also awarded for individual three-positions scores. For the only time in Olympic history, medals were awarded for scores in each of the three positions.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Friday, 3 August 1900
Saturday, 4 August 1900
Sunday, 5 August 1900 |  | **Final** |

## Results

The scores of the five shooters on each team were summed to give a team score. No further shooting was done. The maximum score was 6000.

| Rank | Nation | Shooter | Standing | | Kneeling | | Prone | | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Score | Rank | Score | Rank | Score | Rank | |
|  | Switzerland | *Switzerland total* | 1409 | 1 | 1500 | 1 | 1490 | 4 | **4399** |
| | | Emil Kellenberger | 292 | 6 | 314 | 2 | 324 | 5 | 930 |
| | | Franz Böckli | 294 | 5 | 300 | 7 | 289 | 21 | 883 |
| | | Konrad Stäheli | 272 | 14 | 324 | 1 | 285 | 23 | 881 |
| | | Louis Richardet | 269 | 17 | 297 | 9 | 307 | 12 | 873 |
| | | Alfred Grütter | 282 | 7 | 265 | 25 | 285 | 23 | 832 |
|  | Norway | *Norway total* | 1364 | 3 | 1403 | 4 | 1523 | 2 | **4290** |
| | | Ole Østmo | 299 | 2 | 289 | 15 | 329 | 3 | 917 |
| | | Helmer Hermandsen | 280 | 9 | 290 | 13 | 308 | 10 | 878 |
| | | Tom Seeberg | 275 | 13 | 272 | 21 | 301 | 16 | 848 |
| | | Ole Sæther | 239 | 26 | 293 | 12 | 298 | 18 | 830 |
| | | Olaf Frydenlund | 271 | 16 | 259 | 27 | 287 | 22 | 817 |
|  | France | *France total* | 1337 | 5 | 1389 | 5 | 1552 | 1 | **4278** |
| | | Achille Paroche | 268 | 19 | 287 | 16 | 332 | 1 | 887 |
| | | Auguste Cavadini | 278 | 10 | 286 | 17 | 316 | 7 | 880 |
| | | Léon Moreaux | 269 | 17 | 286 | 17 | 325 | 4 | 880 |
| | | Maurice Lecoq | 268 | 19 | 271 | 22 | 284 | 25 | 823 |
| | | René Thomas | 254 | 24 | 259 | 27 | 295 | 19 | 808 |
| 4 | Denmark | *Denmark total* | 1358 | 4 | 1434 | 3 | 1473 | 5 | **4265** |
| | | Anders Peter Nielsen | 277 | 11 | 314 | 2 | 330 | 2 | 921 |
| | | Lars Jørgen Madsen | 305 | 1 | 299 | 8 | 301 | 16 | 905 |
| | | Viggo Jensen | 277 | 11 | 290 | 13 | 308 | 10 | 875 |
| | | Laurids Jensen-Kjær | 238 | 28 | 271 | 22 | 273 | 27 | 782 |
| | | Axel Kristensen | 261 | 22 | 260 | 26 | 261 | 30 | 782 |
| 5 | Netherlands | *Netherlands total* | 1259 | 6 | 1460 | 2 | 1502 | 3 | **4221** |
| | | Marcus Ravenswaaij | 272 | 14 | 306 | 5 | 303 | 14 | 881 |
| | | Uilke Vuurman | 261 | 22 | 303 | 6 | 312 | 8 | 876 |
| | | Henrik Sillem | 249 | 25 | 281 | 19 | 317 | 6 | 847 |
| | | Antonius Bouwens | 238 | 28 | 296 | 11 | 278 | 26 | 812 |
| | | Solko van den Bergh | 239 | 26 | 274 | 20 | 292 | 20 | 805 |
| 6 | Belgium | *Belgium total* | 1375 | 2 | 1333 | 6 | 1458 | 6 | **4166** |
| | | Paul Van Asbroeck | 297 | 4 | 308 | 4 | 312 | 8 | 917 |
| | | Charles Paumier | 298 | 3 | 297 | 9 | 302 | 15 | 897 |
| | | Jules Bury | 282 | 7 | 269 | 24 | 270 | 28 | 821 |
| | | Edouard Myin | 265 | 21 | 249 | 29 | 304 | 13 | 818 |
| | | Joseph Baras | 233 | 30 | 210 | 30 | 270 | 28 | 713 |

## InfoBox

| Men's 300 metre team free rifle
at the Games of the II Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
| Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics | |
| Venue | Satory |
| Dates | August 3–5 |
| Competitors | 30 from 6 nations |
| Winning score | 4399 |
| Medalists | |
| Switzerland
  Norway
  France
 | |
|


title: John Warneford

abstract: Reverend John Warneford MA, BD was an English clergyman and scholar. He was born in Miserden, Gloucestershire, the eldest son of Reverend William Warneford, Senior Lecturer of St Michael, Cornhill, and Susannah Paynter. A year before his birth, his father, then an eighteen-year-old scholar at New College, Oxford, caused a sensation by eloping with Susannah, the 34-year-old daughter of William Paynter, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford. John Warneford attended school at Winchester, and matriculated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford on 8 July 1735, aged 14. He graduated MA in 1742/3 and Bachelor of Divinity in 1752. From 1743 to 1748 he was curate to his father at All Hallows Bread Street, London but afterwards returned to Oxford. In June 1761 he was unanimously elected Camden Professor of Ancient History, Oxford, and remained so until his death in 1773. For some of this period he was also rector of Bassingham, Lincolnshire and at the time of his death was curate at Helmdon, Northamptonshire, where there is a memorial tablet commemorating him. He married Lucy Southby of South Marston on 7 December 1761 and they had two daughters. After his death, two volumes of his sermons were published in 1776, with a long subscription list. He is buried at Helmdon.

text:
# John Warneford

**Reverend John Warneford** MA, BD (1720 – 20 November 1773) was an English clergyman and scholar.

He was born in Miserden, Gloucestershire, the eldest son of Reverend William Warneford, Senior Lecturer of St Michael, Cornhill, and Susannah Paynter (great granddaughter of Edward Reynolds, bishop of Norwich). A year before his birth, his father, then an eighteen-year-old scholar at New College, Oxford, caused a sensation by eloping with Susannah, the 34-year-old daughter of William Paynter, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford.

John Warneford attended school at Winchester, and matriculated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford on 8 July 1735, aged 14. He graduated MA in 1742/3 and Bachelor of Divinity in 1752. From 1743 to 1748 he was curate to his father at All Hallows Bread Street, London but afterwards returned to Oxford. In June 1761 he was unanimously elected Camden Professor of Ancient History, Oxford, and remained so until his death in 1773. For some of this period he was also rector of Bassingham, Lincolnshire and at the time of his death was curate at Helmdon, Northamptonshire, where there is a memorial tablet commemorating him.

He married Lucy Southby of South Marston on 7 December 1761 and they had two daughters. After his death, two volumes of his sermons were published in 1776, with a long subscription list.

He is buried at Helmdon.


abstract: Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud is the 23rd studio album by American musician James Brown. The album was released in March 1969, by King Records.

text:
# Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *The Rolling Stone Album Guide* |  |

***Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud*** is the 23rd studio album by American musician James Brown. The album was released in March 1969, by King Records.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud" | James Brown, Alfred Ellis | 4:48 |
| 2. | "I Guess I'll Have to Cry, Cry, Cry" | James Brown | 3:36 |
| 3. | "Goodbye My Love, Pts. 1 & 2" | James Brown | 5:34 |
| 4. | "Shades of Brown" | Bud Hobgood | 2:48 |
| 5. | "Licking Stick, Pt. 1" | James Brown | 2:55 |
| 6. | "I Love You" | James Brown, Clyde Stubblefield, Alfonzo Kellum | 3:36 |
| 7. | "Then You Can Tell Me Goodbye" | John D. Loudermilk | 3:55 |
| 8. | "Let Them Talk" | Sonny Thompson | 4:04 |
| 9. | "Maybe I'll Understand" | James Brown, Bud Hobgood | 3:20 |
| 10. | "I'll Lose My Mind" | James Brown, Bud Hobgood, Bobby Byrd | 2:47 |

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by James Brown | |
| Released | March 1969 |
| Recorded | August 17, 1967–October 18, 1968 |
| Genre | Funk |
| Length | 36:54 |
| Label | King |
| Producer | James Brown |
| James Brown chronology | |
| *A Soulful Christmas*
(1968) ***Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud***
(1969) *Gettin' Down to It*
(1969) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud* | |
| 1. "I Guess I'll Have to Cry, Cry, Cry"
Released: July 1968 2. "Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud"
Released: August 1968 3. "Goodbye My Love"
Released: October 1968 | |
|  | |


title: Ralph, Count of Soissons

abstract:
Raoul le Bon', also known as Raoul III de Nesle, was the Count of Soissons from 1180. He was the third son of Raoul II de Nesle and Gertrude de Montaigu. In 1178 Raoul and his elder brother John subscribed to a charter of the eldest brother, Conon, then count, donating property to Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp. When Alberic de Trois-Fontaines wrote his chronicle, he could refer to count Raoul of Soissons qui adhuc vivit. But he later records his death in 1235. In 1184 Ralph became castellan of Noyon. According to Rigord, he took the Cross alongside Henry II of England and Philip II of France at a ceremony between Trie and Gisors on 13 Jan 1188 and joined the Third Crusade. Raoul was the fourth husband of Adèle of Dreux, daughter of Robert I of Dreux. She confirmed donations to Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp and Tremblay-en-France with him, and died between January 1205 and March 1210. Raoul was briefly married to Yolande, daughter of Geoffrey IV of Joinville, before taking as his third wife Ada d'Avesnes, widow of Henry, Count of Grandpré. Raoul and his first wife Adele he had:
  - Gertrude, married first to Count Jean de Beaumont-sur-Oise, and second to Mathieu II de Montmorency (d.1230), Constable of France.
  - Alienor, married first to Count Mathieu III de Beaumont-sur-Oise, and second to Étienne II de Sancerre, Grand Butler of France and son of Stephen I, Count of Sancerre. By his third wife Ada he had three children:
  - John, Count of Soissons
  - Ralph, who was probably a trouvère (troubadour)
  - Isabelle of Nesle, married to a Viscount of Châtellerault. Upon the death of Raoul, his son John became Count of Soissons.

text:
# Ralph, Count of Soissons

**Raoul le Bon ('*Ralph the Good)'*** (d. 4 January 1235), also known as **Raoul III de Nesle**, was the Count of Soissons from 1180. He was the third son of Raoul II de Nesle and Gertrude de Montaigu.

In 1178 Raoul and his elder brother John subscribed to a charter of the eldest brother, Conon, then count, donating property to Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp. When Alberic de Trois-Fontaines wrote his chronicle, he could refer to count Raoul of Soissons *qui adhuc vivit* (who still lives). But he later records his death in 1235. In 1184 Ralph became castellan of Noyon. According to Rigord, he took the Cross alongside Henry II of England and Philip II of France at a ceremony between Trie and Gisors on 13 Jan 1188 and joined the Third Crusade.

Raoul was the fourth husband of Adèle of Dreux (b. 1145/1146), daughter of Robert I of Dreux. She confirmed donations to Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp and Tremblay-en-France with him, and died between January 1205 and March 1210. Raoul was briefly married to Yolande, daughter of Geoffrey IV of Joinville, before taking as his third wife Ada d'Avesnes, widow of Henry, Count of Grandpré.

Raoul and his first wife Adele he had:

By his third wife Ada he had three children:

Upon the death of Raoul, his son John became Count of Soissons.

## Sources

* Griffiths, Quentin (1993). "The Nesles of Picardy in the Service of the Last Capetians". *Francia*. **20** (1): 69–78.
* Newman, William Mendel (1971). *Les seigneurs de Nesle en Picardie (XIIe-XIIIe siècle): Recueil des Chartes* (in French). Edition A. & J. Picard.


title: TMNT (video game)

abstract: TMNT is an action video game featuring the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. It was developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for Xbox 360, Wii, PlayStation 2, GameCube, Nintendo DS, and PlayStation Portable, as well as for Microsoft Windows on March 20, 2007. It is based on the 2007 film of the same name.

text:
# TMNT (video game)

***TMNT*** is an action video game featuring the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. It was developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for Xbox 360, Wii, PlayStation 2, GameCube, Nintendo DS, and PlayStation Portable, as well as for Microsoft Windows on March 20, 2007. It is based on the 2007 film of the same name.

## Gameplay

The gameplay in *TMNT* contains many acrobatic segments in the vein of another Ubisoft game series, *Prince of Persia*. The game features 16 story levels and 16 unlockable challenge levels. The game also features four playable characters, each with their unique fighting style and abilities. The game encourages cooperative gameplay, as the player will have to use each turtle's special abilities to navigate through their environment.

## PSP and DS versions

Like their console counterparts, the PSP and DS versions of the game are relatively similar to each other, though each in different ways makes use of the individual system's strengths. Both are based on the same story layout as the console versions and bring the action to the rooftops in New York in a fast-paced acrobatic platformer. The fighting is simplified and less frequent than what is found in the console versions.

## Development

Ubisoft secured the rights from Konami, who had produced all the previous *TMNT* games. The game's creative director Nick Harper said "The *TMNT* movie is all about the emotions associated with family and teenage angst. We've taken that philosophy and turned it into gameplay mechanics that will be fun and challenging." Ubisoft has stated the focus within the game is "on the four turtle brothers finding out their differences and getting through family problems".

## Reception

*TMNT* received mixed reviews with many critics praising its action platforming, while criticism went to its repetitive combat, bad camera, and lack of multiplayer. IGN gave the GameCube, Xbox 360, PlayStation 2, and PC versions a 6.0 out of 10, saying that the game is "Strictly for the kids". The Wii version was criticized for using very little of the Wii Remote's unique capabilities, since one can only move the remote back and forth to use the turtles' weapons, with the weapons lacking free-direction attacks. When reviewing the Nintendo DS and Wii versions of *TMNT*, the UK *Official Nintendo Magazine* commonly compared the two games to the 1989 arcade game of the same name, and even said in a hint guide that "Turtles games were once better". Nintendo Power gave it 5/10, saying "The real shame is that TMNT once had a legacy of good video games-recent titles such as this one have sent that history to the sewers."

As of April 26, 2007, *TMNT* has sold 1.1 million copies across eight platforms. For the PlayStation 2, it was re-released as part of the "Greatest Hits" label.

## InfoBox

| TMNT | |
| --- | --- |
| PAL region Windows cover art | |
| Developer(s) | Ubisoft Montreal
Ubisoft Quebec (PSP/DS) |
| Publisher(s) | Ubisoft |
| Composer(s) | Cris Velasco
Sascha Dikiciyan
Jake Kaufman (DS) |
| Series | *Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles* |
| Engine | Jade engine |
| Platform(s) |  |
| Release | * NA: March 20, 2007 * PAL: March 22, 2007 **Nintendo DS**
* NA: March 20, 2007 * AU: March 22, 2007 * EU: March 23, 2007 **Windows**
* EU: March 13, 2007 * NA: March 20, 2007 * AU: March 22, 2007 |
| Genre(s) | Action, platformer |
| Mode(s) | Single-player
Multiplayer (PSP/DS) |


title: San Pedro Zacapa

abstract: San Pedro Zacapa is a municipality in the Honduran department of Santa Bárbara.

text:
# San Pedro Zacapa

**San Pedro Zacapa** (Spanish pronunciation: \[sam ˈpeðɾo saˈkapa\]) is a municipality in the Honduran department of Santa Bárbara.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2013 Honduras census, San Pedro Zacapa municipality had a population of 10,535. Of these, 72.26% were Mestizo, 15.67% White, 11.00% Indigenous (10.81% Lenca), 1.02% Black or Afro-Honduran and 0.05% others.

14°45′N 88°07′W / 14.750°N 88.117°W / 14.750; -88.117

## InfoBox

| San Pedro Zacapa | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| San Pedro ZacapaLocation in Honduras | |
| Coordinates: 14°45′N 88°07′W / 14.750°N 88.117°W / 14.750; -88.117 | |
| Country | Honduras |
| Department | Santa Bárbara |
| Villages | 10 |
| Area | |
| Total | 227.8 km2 (88.0 sq mi) |
| Population (2015) | |
| Total | 10,708 |
| Density | 47/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central America) |
| Climate | Am |


title: Carbestrol

abstract: Carbestrol is a synthetic, nonsteroidal estrogen of the cyclohexenecarboxylic acid group and seco analogue of doisynolic acid that was described in the literature in 1956 and developed for the treatment of prostate cancer in the 1960s but was never marketed.

text:
# Carbestrol

**Carbestrol** (developmental code names **NSC-19962**, **ORF-2166**) is a synthetic, nonsteroidal estrogen of the cyclohexenecarboxylic acid group and seco analogue of doisynolic acid that was described in the literature in 1956 and developed for the treatment of prostate cancer in the 1960s but was never marketed.

## InfoBox

Carbestrol
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| Other names | NSC-19962; ORF-2166 |
| ATC code | * None |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * 3-Ethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylcyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C17H22O3 |
| Molar mass | 274.360 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * CCC1=C(CCC(C1C)C(=O)O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)OC | |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C17H22O3/c1-4-14-11(2)15(17(18)19)9-10-16(14)12-5-7-13(20-3)8-6-12/h5-8,11,15H,4,9-10H2,1-3H3,(H,18,19) * Key:VJKVHUZOVAWKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |


title: Qandax

abstract: Qandax is a village and municipality in the Zaqatala Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,654.

text:
# Qandax

**Qandax** (also, **Kandak** and **Kandakh**) is a village and municipality in the Zaqatala Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,654.

## InfoBox

| Qandax | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| QandaxQandax | |
| Coordinates: 41°28′37″N 46°32′29″E / 41.47694°N 46.54139°E / 41.47694; 46.54139 | |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Rayon | Zaqatala |
| Population | |
| Total | 1,654 |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+5 (AZT) |


# Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 50 metre pistol

The men's individual competition with free revolver event was one of the competitions in the Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics events in Paris. It was held on 1 August 1900. 20 shooters from 4 nations competed, with five shooters per nation. Medals were given for individual high scores, and the scores of the five shooters were summed to give a team score for the team event. The target designed for this competition is still being used today. The event was won by Karl Röderer of Switzerland, with his countryman Konrad Stäheli taking bronze. Between them was Achille Paroche of France with silver.

## Background

This was the second appearance of what would become standardised as the men's ISSF 50 meter pistol event. The event was held at every Summer Olympics from 1896 to 1920 (except 1904, when no shooting events were held) and from 1936 to 2016; it was open to women from 1968 to 1980.

All four of the competing nations were making their debut; none had a shooter in this event in 1896. The event doubled as the first World Championship in free pistol.

Röderer used a Waffenfabrik Bern 1882 Swiss Ordnance Revolver.

## Competition format

The competition had each shooter fire 60 shots at a distance of 50 metres. The target was round, 50 centimetres in diameter, with 10 scoring rings. Scoring for each shot was up to 10 points, in increments of 1 point. The maximum score possible was 600 points.

Revolver must have a barrel of 11 cm in length. Ties were broken by greatest number of shots on target (1 or better), then greatest number in the black (7 or better), then by ring (10, 9, 8, etc.).

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.

| **World record** |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Olympic record** | *New format* |  |  |  |

Karl Röderer set the initial Olympic record with 503 points.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Wednesday, 1 August 1900 | **8:00** | **Final** |

## Results

| Rank | Shooter | Nation | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Karl Röderer | Switzerland | 503 |
|  | Achille Paroche | France | 466 |
|  | Konrad Stäheli | Switzerland | 453 |
| 4 | Louis Richardet | Switzerland | 448 |
| 5 | Louis Duffoy | France | 442 |
| 6 | Dirk Boest Gips | Netherlands | 437 |
| 7 | Friedrich Lüthi | Switzerland | 435 |
| | Léon Moreaux | France | 435 |
| 9 | Paul Probst | Switzerland | 432 |
| 10 | Jules Trinité | France | 431 |
| 11 | Maurice Lecoq | France | 429 |
| 12 | Henrik Sillem | Netherlands | 408 |
| 13 | Alban Rooman | Belgium | 405 |
| 14 | Émile Thèves | Belgium | 404 |
| 15 | Antonius Bouwens | Netherlands | 390 |
| 16 | Victor Robert | Belgium | 351 |
| 17 | Pierre Eichhorn | Belgium | 345 |
| 18 | Solko van den Bergh | Netherlands | 331 |
| 19 | Charles Lebègue | Belgium | 318 |
| 20 | Anthony Sweijs | Netherlands | 310 |

## InfoBox

| Men's 50 metre free pistol
at the Games of the II Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
| Entrance to the target stand | |
| Venue | Satory |
| Date | August 1 |
| Competitors | 20 from 4 nations |
| Winning score | 503 **OR** |
| Medalists | |
| Karl Röderer
Switzerland  Achille Paroche
France  Konrad Stäheli
Switzerland | |
|


title: Seni gayong

abstract: Seni Gayong is a style of silat from Malaysia. It was the first martial arts association to be registered in the country, and is now the biggest and most internationally known Malaysian silat discipline. Gayong is overseen by the Pertubuhan Silat Seni Gayong Malaysia (PSSGM) or the Malaysian Silat Seni Gayong Organisation. This organisation is currently led by Dato' Ismail Jantan. While it is most popular in Malaysia and Singapore, there are also branches in Vietnam, Australia, France, Kuwait, Tunisia, Britain, and the United States.

text:
# Seni gayong

**Seni Gayong** is a style of silat from Malaysia. It was the first martial arts association to be registered in the country, and is now the biggest and most internationally known Malaysian silat discipline. Gayong is overseen by the *Pertubuhan Silat Seni Gayong Malaysia* (PSSGM) or the Malaysian Silat Seni Gayong Organisation. This organisation is currently led by Dato' Ismail Jantan. While it is most popular in Malaysia and Singapore, there are also branches in Vietnam, Australia, France, Kuwait, Tunisia, Britain, and the United States.

## History

Seni Gayong originated among the Bugis people of Sulawesi in Indonesia and was called *Silat Sendi Harimau*. Literally meaning "tiger joint silat", the system utilised the tiger claw technique to lock opponents' joints. The Bugis prince Daeng Kuning, descended from a long line of warriors, brought the style to the Malay Peninsula in the 1800s. It was eventually passed down to his great-grandson Meor Abdul Rahman. The teaching of Seni Gayong, as with most styles of silat, was once restricted to relatively few students under each master. In 1942 during the Japanese occupation, Meor Abdul Rahman taught Seni Gayong publicly in Sudong island, Singapore when the locals feared an attack by the Japanese. Having inherited the art from his grandfather; Syed Zainal Abidin Al-Attas, Dato Meor Abdul Rahman eventually founded Malaysia's first martial arts association, *Pertubuhan Silat Seni Gayong Malaysia*. It was and still remains the method of unarmed combat taught to the Royal Malaysia Police force

## Training

Seni Gayong incorporates strikes, grabs, joint manipulation, and weaponry. Acrobatics are also included but are comparatively less than other styles of silat. The curriculum is divided into the following stages:

Tapak Gayong

The student begins by learning foundation stances and footwork patterns or *tapak* along with basic punches, kicks, blocks, counterattacks and reversals.

Seni Tapak Gayong

After learning the basic forms of attacking and defending, the student is next taught seizing techniques, takedowns and how to manipulate, lock or strike the opponent's joints.

Seni Keris

Having becoming proficient in unarmed techniques, the student is ready for training with weapons. The first weapons taught include the kris (dagger), *pisau* (knife), kerambit (claw-like knife), *kapak* (axe), tekpi (three-pronged truncheon) and *sundang* (sword).

Seni Simbat

More weapons are introduced, namely the *tongkat* (staff), *simbat* (short stick), *tembong* (long stick), parang (machete), *tombak* (spear) and *lembing* (javelin).

Seni Cindai

Flexible weapons are taught. These are traditionally taught last because they require their flexible nature requires the wielder to have great control to use them skillfully. Moreover, many of these weapons would be near useless in the hands of an inexperienced fighter when compared to a more lethal sword or knife. The weapons taught in this component are the *tali* (rope), *cindai* (silk scarf or cloth), *rantai* (chain), and *bengkong* (cloth belt).

Seni Yoi

Having learned to fight armed and unarmed, the student is now taught fast and nimble movements to dodge or confuse the opponent. This may also include various athletic moves. In the past, this stage was comparable to Chinese qinggong, but today it consists mostly of deceptive attacking techniques.

Seni Belian

*Belian* is an old Javanese word for a dukun who has died and taken the form of a tiger spirit. This stage focuses on spiritual and internal training. With the rise of Islamic conservatism in Southeast Asia today, esoteric aspects of silat are either downplayed or re-interpreted to fit into modern religious thought. However, the traditional *seni belian* is based more strongly on indigenous Indonesian kejawen rather than the Muslim faith.

## Weapons

Seni Gayong makes use of a variety of weapons, some of which may not be included in the mandatory syllabus. Trainees begin weapons-training by learning the use of the kris. Other small easily learned weapons follow, before progressing to long weapons and finally the more difficult flexible weapons. Cloth weapons like the chindai and bengkong are considered the most advanced of all weapons. Seni Gayong as taught to the police and special forces may replace some traditional weapons with modern knives, brass knuckles (*buku lima*) or even firearms for reasons of practicality. The traditional tonfa is retained, however, as its techniques can be applied to the T-baton used in law enforcement.

## Progression

Seni Gayong adopts the modern Japanese coloured belt system to indicate students' progress. The *bengkong* or waist sash is used for this purpose, and the passing of a test is required before a student can progress to the next stage. Trainees under the age of 12 go through separate stages than older students. These are as follows:

Adult (above 12 years old)

01. Hitam Mulus (black)

02. Awan Putih (white)

03. Pelangi Hijau (green)

04. Pelangi Merah (red)

05. Pelangi Merah Cula I (red with 1 yellow stripe)

06. Pelangi Merah Cula II (red with 2 yellow stripes)

07. Pelangi Merah Cula III (red with 3 yellow stripes)

08. Pelangi Kuning (yellow)

09. Pelangi Kuning Cula I (yellow with 1 black stripe)

10. Pelangi Kuning Cula II (yellow with 2 black stripes)

11. Pelangi Kuning Cula III (yellow with 3 black stripes)

12. Pelangi Kuning Cula IV (yellow with 4 black stripes)

13. Pelangi Kuning Cula V (yellow with 5 black stripes)

14. Harimau Pelangi Hitam Cula Sakti I (black with 1 yellow stripe) and so on..

15. Harimau Pelangi Hitam Cula Sakti II

16. Harimau Pelangi Hitam Cula Sakti III

17. Harimau Pelangi Hitam Cula Sakti IV

18. Harimau Pelangi Hitam Cula Sakti V

19. Harimau Pelangi Hitam Cula Sakti VI

Children (under 12 years old);

01. Hitam Mulus (black)

02. Awan Putih Cula Hijau (white with a green stripe)

03. Awan Putih Cula Merah (white with a red stripe)

04. Awan Putih Cula Kuning (white with a yellow stripe)

05. Awan Putih Cula Hitam (white with a black stripe)

When a child attains *Awan Putih Cula Hitam*, they are taken in the same level as Pelangi Hijau.

## InfoBox

Seni Gayong
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | Seni Gayung |
| Hardness | Semi-contact |
| Country of origin | Malaysia |
| Olympic sport | No |
| Official website | gayong.com.my |


title: Satsuma, Florida

abstract: Satsuma is an unincorporated community in Putnam County, Florida, United States. Its ZIP code is 32189, and the main road through the community is U.S. Route 17. Satsuma is on Dunn's Creek which connects to 16,000 acre Crescent Lake and The Mighty ST Johns River and is also the home of the Putnam County Speedway.

text:
# Satsuma, Florida

**Satsuma** is an unincorporated community in Putnam County, Florida, United States. Its ZIP code is 32189, and the main road through the community is U.S. Route 17.

Satsuma is on Dunn's Creek which connects to 16,000 acre Crescent Lake and The Mighty ST Johns River and is also the home of the Putnam County Speedway.

## InfoBox

| Satsuma, Florida | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
|  | |
| Satsuma, Florida | |
| Coordinates: 29°33′18″N 81°39′21″W / 29.55500°N 81.65583°W / 29.55500; -81.65583 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Florida |
| County | Putnam |
| Elevation | 69 ft (21 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 32189 |
| Area code | 386 |
| GNIS feature ID | 290695 |


title: Ralph-Johannes Lilie

abstract: Ralph-Johannes Lilie is a German Byzantinist.

text:
# Ralph-Johannes Lilie

**Ralph-Johannes Lilie** (30 December 1947, Hamburg) is a German Byzantinist.

## Life

He graduated from Munich University in 1975 with a dissertation entitled 'The Byzantine Reaction to the Arab Invasions – Studies on the Transformation of Government Structures in the Byzantine States in the 7th and 8th Century' and habilitated in 1982–83 at the Byzantinisch-Neugriechischen Seminar of the Free University of Berlin, where from 1984 to 2005 he was extraordinary professor. Since 1992 he has been working on the Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit (PmbZ) project at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. His wife is the medievalist Marie-Luise Favreau-Lilie.

## Selected works

* *Die byzantinische Reaktion auf die Ausbreitung der Araber. Studien zur Strukturwandlung des byzantinischen Staates im 7. und 8. Jahrhundert*. Institut für Byzantinistik und Neugriechische Philologie der Universität München 1976.
* *Byzanz. Kaiser und Reich*. Böhlau, Köln-Weimar-Wien 1994, ISBN 3-412-00394-8.
* *Byzanz. Das zweite Rom*. Siedler, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-88680-693-6.
* *Byzanz und die Kreuzzüge*. Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-17-017033-3.
* *Byzanz: Geschichte des oströmischen Reiches 326–1453*. 5. durchgesehene Auflage, Beck München 2010 (Beck'sche Reihe Wissen), ISBN 978-3-406-41885-3.
* *Einführung in die byzantinische Geschichte*. Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-17-018840-2.


title: Béla Ordódy

abstract: Béla Ordódy was a Hungarian football and ice hockey player. He played for the Hungary national team at the 1928 Winter Olympics.

text:
# Béla Ordódy

**Béla Ordódy** (13 January 1880 – 28 November 1955) was a Hungarian football and ice hockey player. He played for the Hungary national team at the 1928 Winter Olympics.

## InfoBox

| Béla Ordódy | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Born | (1880-01-13)13 January 1880
Budapest, Austria-Hungary | | |
| Died | 28 November 1955(1955-11-28) (aged 75)
Budapest, Hungary | | |
| Position | Goaltender | | |
| National team | Hungary | | |
| Playing career | c. 1927c. 1928 | | |


title: Carbery Rangers GAA

abstract: Carbery Rangers is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the village of Rosscarbery, County Cork, Ireland. The club is solely concerned with the game of Gaelic football.

text:
# Carbery Rangers GAA

**Carbery Rangers** is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the village of Rosscarbery, County Cork, Ireland. The club is solely concerned with the game of Gaelic football.

## History

Located in Rosscarbery in West Cork, Carbery Rangers was founded on 10 November 1887. The club played its first match just under a month later in a field which was part of the lands of Downeen Castle. Carbery Rangers first came to countywide notice when they contested and lost back-to-back Cork SFC finals in 1905 and 1906.

Carbery Rangers spent much of the following century operating in the junior grade, winning ten West Cork JAFC titles between 1937 and 2003. The last of these victories was subsequently converted into north Cork JAFC and Munster Club JFC titles, before losing the All-Ireland final to Wolfe Tones. Life in the intermediate grade yielded further successes, including consecutive Munster Club IFC titles as well as the All-Ireland Club IFC title in 2005.

After finally earning senior status, Carbery Rangers reached the 2014 final, only to lose to Ballincollig by three points. A second final appearance in 2016 saw Carbery Rangers claim the Cork SFC for the first time in their history.

## Honours

* **Cork Senior Football Championship:** Winners (1) 2016, Runners-Up 1905, 1906, 2014
* **Kelleher Shield (Senior Football League)** Winners (3) 2009, 2011, 2014 Runners-Up 2013
* All Ireland Scór na nÓg Ballad Group Champions - 2018
* All Ireland Scór Sinsir Ballad Group Champions - 2018
* **All-Ireland Intermediate Club Football Championship** Winners (1) 2005
* **Munster Intermediate Club Football Championship** Winners (2) 2004, 2005
* **Cork Intermediate Football Championship:** Winners (1) 2005, Runners-Up 2004
* **All-Ireland Junior Club Football Championship** Runners-Up 2004
* **Munster Junior Club Football Championship** Winners (1) 2003
* **Cork Junior Football Championship:** Winners (1) 2003, Runners-Up 1939, 1987
* **Cork Minor Football Championship:** Runners Up 1955,
* **West Cork Junior A Football Championship:** Winners (10) 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1980, 1984, 1987, 1991, 1998, 2003. Runners-Up: 1942, 1943, 1945, 1946, 1955, 1956, 1973, 1975, 1978, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000
* **West Cork Junior B Football Championship:** Winners (1) 1954
* **West Cork Junior B Hurling Championship:** Winners (1) 1942 Runners Up 1962, 1963
* **West Cork Junior C Football Championship:** Winners (5) 1991, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, Runners Up 1981, 1989, 1993, 2003
* **West Cork Junior D Football Championship:** Winners (2) 2004, 2019
* **West Cork Minor A Football Championship:** Winners (3) 1955, 1956, 1992, 2006, Runners Up 1993, 2003, 2006
* **West Cork Minor B Hurling Championship:** Runners Up 1973, 1975
* **West Cork Minor B Football Championship:** Winners (8) 1966, 1967, 1968, 1972, 1975, 1979, 1990, 2005, Runners Up: 1970, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1989
* **West Cork Under-21 Football Championship:** Winners (1) 1995 Runners-Up: 1981, 1992
* **West Cork Under-21 C Hurling Championship:** Winners (1) 2012
* **West Cork Under-14 Premier Championship:** Winners (1) 2005

## Notable players

## InfoBox

Carbery Rangers
| *Raonaithe Cairbre* | |
| --- | --- |
| Founded: | 1887 |
| County: | Cork |
| Colours: | Green, white and gold hoops |
| Grounds: | Rosscarbery |
| Coordinates: | 51°35′03.76″N 9°01′28.73″W / 51.5843778°N 9.0246472°W / 51.5843778; -9.0246472 |
| Playing kits | |
|  | |
| Senior Club Championships | |
| All Ireland Munster
champions Cork
champions  Football: | |


title: Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2012

abstract: The Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2012 was a European concert tour that was the first touring collaboration between British rock band Queen and American singer Adam Lambert.

text:
# Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2012

The **Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2012** was a European concert tour that was the first touring collaboration between British rock band Queen and American singer Adam Lambert.

## History

Adam Lambert first performed with Queen as a contestant on the eighth season of American Idol. Soon after the performance, Brian May indicated to *Rolling Stone* that he was considering Lambert as a front-man for Queen. In November 2011, Adam Lambert joined Queen for a special performance at the MTV Europe Awards in Belfast. It was then reported in December 2011 that Taylor and May had begun discussions with Lambert for him to front Queen in concert.

The tour began in June 2012 at Kyiv's Independence Square, a joint show with Elton John in aid of the Elena Pinchuk ANTIAIDS Foundation. Following the Kyiv concert, the group was set to play a number of festival dates. The UK Sonisphere Festival was cancelled and Queen and Lambert instead performed three sold out concerts at London's Hammersmith Apollo to wrap up the tour.

## Setlist

Average setlist 1. "Flash" (tape)
2. "Seven Seas of Rhye"
3. "Keep Yourself Alive"
4. "We Will Rock You" (Fast)
5. "Fat Bottomed Girls"
6. "Don't Stop Me Now"
7. "Under Pressure"
8. "I Want It All"
9. "Who Wants to Live Forever"
10. "A Kind of Magic"
11. "These Are the Days of Our Lives"
12. "Life Is Real (Song for Lennon)" (played once on 3 July)
13. "You're My Best Friend" (excerpt played acoustically on 14 July)
14. "Love of My Life"
15. "'39"
16. "Dragon Attack"
17. "Drum Battle"
18. "Guitar Solo"
19. "Somebody to Love" (played at every show including an excerpt played acoustically instead of normal version on 12 July before "Love of My Life" and it was performed after "I Want It All" on 14 July)
20. "I Want to Break Free"
21. "Another One Bites the Dust"
22. "Radio Ga Ga"
23. "The Show Must Go On" (played at every show including an excerpt played acoustically instead of normal version on 11 July before "Love of My Life")
24. "Crazy Little Thing Called Love"
25. "Bohemian Rhapsody" Encore
26. "Tie Your Mother Down"
27. "We Will Rock You"
28. "We Are the Champions"
29. "God Save the Queen" (tape)

## Tour dates

| Date | City | Country | Venue | Tickets sold/available | Box office |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Europe | | | | | |
| 30 June 2012 | Kyiv | Ukraine | Maidan Nezalezhnosti |  | |
| 3 July 2012 | Moscow | Russia | Olimpiyskiy |  |  |
| 7 July 2012 | Wrocław | Poland | Stadion Miejski |  | |
| 11 July 2012 | London | England | Hammersmith Apollo |  |  |
| 12 July 2012 | | | |  |  |
| 14 July 2012 | | | |  |  |

## Tour band

### Cancellations and rescheduled shows

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| July 7, 2012 | Stevenage | Sonisphere Festival | Cancelled. |
| 30 June 2012 | Moscow | Olimpiyskiy | Rescheduled to 3 July 2012. |

1. "Kris Allen, Adam Lambert Tear Up Queen's 'We Are The Champions'". *MTV News*. Archived from the original on August 23, 2014.
2. Brian Hiatt (May 22, 2009). "Exclusive: Queen's Brian May Addresses Adam Lambert Rumors". *Rolling Stone*.
3. Shirley Halperin (November 6, 2011). "MTV EMAs: Adam Lambert Performs With Queen". *The Hollywood Reporter*.
4. "Queen + Adam Lambert? Roger Taylor Talks Possible Live Dates". December 6, 2011.
5. "Adam Lambert Performs 'Bohemian Rhapsody' with Queen in Kiev", *Rolling Stone*, July 1, 2012, archived from the original on December 29, 2016, retrieved September 10, 2017
6. "Adam Lambert and Queen rock out at Hammersmith Apollo". 4 Music. 12 July 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2014.
7. "Queen + Adam Lambert Average Setlists 2012". *setlist.fm*. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
8. "Sonisphere Cancellation Nixes Adam Lambert and Queen Gig". Rolling Stone. 29 March 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2014.
9. "Queen + Adam Lambert Moscow Show Date Change / Message From Brian May". Rolling Stone. 15 April 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2014.

## InfoBox

Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2012
| European tour by Queen + Adam Lambert | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Europe |
| Start date | 30 June 2012 |
| End date | 14 July 2012 |
| No. of shows | 6 |
| Queen + Adam Lambert concert chronology | |


title: Delia L. Weatherby

abstract: Delia Lionia Stearns Weatherby was an American temperance reformer and author.

text:
# Delia L. Weatherby

**Delia Lionia Stearns Weatherby** (June 7, 1843 - November 6, 1916) was an American temperance reformer and author.

## Early life

Delia Lionia Stearns was born in Copley, Ohio, on June 7, 1843. Her father. Col. John C. Stearns, was an abolitionist and temperance worker.

She received an academic education and afterward taught school in her native town.

## Career

Delia L. Weatherby moved to Baldwin, Kansas with her husband, and was called to be the chair of mathematics at Baker University, but declined.

Inheriting the same disposition which made her father an abolitionist, she early became an active worker in the order of Good Templars. She could endure no compromise with intemperance, and wherever she lived she distinguished as an advanced thinker and a pronounced prohibitionist. She was a candidate on the prohibition ticket in 1886 for county superintendent of public instruction in Coffey County, Kansas. She was elected a lay delegate to the quadrennial meeting of the South Kansas Lay Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1888. In 1890 she was placed in nomination for the office of State superintendent of public instruction on the prohibition ticket.

She always took a great interest in the cause of education. In 1890 she was unanimously elected clerk of the school board in her home district. She was an alternate delegate from the fourth congressional district of Kansas to the National Prohibition Convention in 1892, and also secured, the same year, for the second time by the same party, the nomination for the office of superintendent of public instruction in her own county.

She belonged to the White Ribbon Association and was the president of the Coffey County Woman's Christian Temperance Union for several years. She was superintendent of the press department of the Kansas Woman's Christian Temperance Union and State reporter for *The Union Signal*.

She edited a temperance department in one of the country papers, and she frequently contributed to the press articles of prose and poetry, chiefly on the subject of temperance reformation.

## Personal life

In 1868 Delia L. Stearns became the wife of Rev. Samuel S. Weatherby (1841-1924), then a member of the North Ohio Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1870 they moved to Baldwin, Kansas, where for nine years he served as professor of languages at Baker University. In 1880 her husband entered the ministry again, and for seven years she shared with her husband the toils and duties of an itinerant life, until failing health compelled him to retire from active work, and they moved to a country home, near LeRoy, Kansas.

She was the mother of three children: Olive Weatherby Quakenbush (1872-1920), Edward Stearns Weatherby (1876-1957), and a L.S. Weatherby, who later became a professor in a Los Angeles College.

She died on November 6, 1916, and is buried at Oak Hill Cemetery, Lawrence.

## InfoBox

| Delia L. Weatherby | |
| --- | --- |
| Delia L. Weatherby, from A Woman of the Century (1893) | |
| Born | (1843-06-07)June 7, 1843
Copley, Ohio |
| Died | November 6, 1916(1916-11-06) (aged 73) |
| Burial place | Oak Hill Cemetery (Lawrence, Kansas) |
| Occupation(s) | temperance reformer, author |
| Organization(s) | White Ribbon Association
Woman's Christian Temperance Union |


title: Cephalotes persimilis

abstract: Cephalotes persimilis is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head, and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.

text:
# Cephalotes persimilis

***Cephalotes persimilis*** is a species of arboreal ant of the genus *Cephalotes*, characterized by an odd shaped head, and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.

## InfoBox

| *Cephalotes persimilis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Cephalotes persimilis* worker | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Genus: | *Cephalotes* |
| Species: | ***C. persimilis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cephalotes persimilis***<br>de Andrade, 1999 | |
|


title: John Stonor (judge)

abstract: Sir John Stonor SL (1281–1354) was an English judge and the first notable member of the influential Stonor family. He was the son of Richard Stonor, an Oxfordshire freeholder, with the family name coming from the village of Stonor. After training as a lawyer he was called to the Common Bench as a Serjeant-at-law in 1311, being made a King's Serjeant in 1315 and a justice of the Common Bench on 16 October 1320. He held this position until 1329, other than a period as a justice for the King's Bench between July 1323 and 4 May 1324; in 1324 he was also knighted. On 22 February 1329 he was made Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer and was made Chief Justice of the Common Pleas on 3 September. He was removed from this position on 2 March 1331, however, possibly due to Edward III, who replaced important officers after he was crowned; there is, however, no evidence that Stonor was politically active. He was reappointed as Chief Justice on 7 July 1335, but removed on 30 November 1341 after another purge of the administration. He was reappointed yet again on 9 May 1342, making him one of only two Chief Justices to be appointed on three separate occasions. Stonor continued to serve as Chief Justice from 1342 until 22 February 1354, where he left due to weakness, dying the same year. Although most of his time as a justice was at Westminster, he also served in York between 1327–1329 and 1334–1336. Other work included special inquiries into the disorders in 1327 at Bury St Edmunds and Abingdon Abbey and in 1335 at Oxford, official misconduct in 1323 and 1331–1334 and trying rebels in 1323, 1327, and 1331. He was also involved in overseas commissions, including reviewing the trial of Otto Grandson for misadministering Channel Islands in 1319 and diplomatic work in France in 1324 and Spain in 1325.

text:
# John Stonor (judge)

**Sir John Stonor** SL (12811354) was an English judge and the first notable member of the influential Stonor family. He was the son of Richard Stonor, an Oxfordshire freeholder, with the family name coming from the village of Stonor. After training as a lawyer he was called to the Common Bench as a Serjeant-at-law in 1311, being made a King's Serjeant in 1315 and a justice of the Common Bench on 16 October 1320. He held this position until 1329, other than a period as a justice for the King's Bench between July 1323 and 4 May 1324; in 1324 he was also knighted. On 22 February 1329 he was made Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer and was made Chief Justice of the Common Pleas on 3 September. He was removed from this position on 2 March 1331, however, possibly due to Edward III, who replaced important officers after he was crowned; there is, however, no evidence that Stonor was politically active.

He was reappointed as Chief Justice on 7 July 1335, but removed on 30 November 1341 after another purge of the administration. He was reappointed yet again on 9 May 1342, making him one of only two Chief Justices to be appointed on three separate occasions. Stonor continued to serve as Chief Justice from 1342 until 22 February 1354, where he left due to weakness, dying the same year. Although most of his time as a justice was at Westminster, he also served in York between 13271329 and 13341336. Other work included special inquiries into the disorders in 1327 at Bury St Edmunds and Abingdon Abbey and in 1335 at Oxford, official misconduct in 1323 and 1331–1334 and trying rebels in 1323, 1327, and 1331. He was also involved in overseas commissions, including reviewing the trial of Otto Grandson for misadministering Channel Islands in 1319 and diplomatic work in France in 1324 and Spain in 1325.


title: Carlos Mojica

abstract: Carlos Mojica is an American singer-songwriter and musical arranger.

text:
# Carlos Mojica

**Carlos Mojica** (born January 19, 1975) is an American singer-songwriter and musical arranger.

## Early life

Carlos Mojica was born in Paterson, New Jersey to Puerto Rican parents. By the age of 15, Mojica and his family had moved to Orlando, Florida and he began singing in numerous local salsa bands.

## Career

Mojica began his career in 1990 by collaborating with local bands in Orlando, Florida, and sharing the stage with various artists including Ismael Miranda, Tito Puente Jr., Brenda K. Starr, and Lalo Rodriguez among others.

In 2007, Mojica went solo, forming his band "Sonido Criminal" and touring extensively throughout the U.S. and Latin America. In 2010, Mojica launched his own record label and released his first album *Crime Payz*, an album that was selected as a Top Ten album by the Latin Beat Magazine in 2011. Mojica later released his second album *Competencia Es Ninguna* in 2015, which features a prelude track with the voice of Frankie Ruiz .

## Personal life

Mojica currently resides in Windermere, Florida, with his wife Delilah Mojica, and their son Tino.

In 1992, Mojica was arrested and sentenced to four years in prison. Mojica stated in a 2016 interview that his experience in jail had helped him turn his life around and he began focusing more on his career as a musician upon his release at age 21.

## Discography

## InfoBox

| Carlos Mojica | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Carlos Mojica |
| Also known as | "El Criminal de la Salsa"
("The Criminal of Salsa") |
| Born | (1975-01-19) January 19, 1975
Paterson, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Genres | Salsa |
| Occupation | Singer-Songwriter |
| Years active | 1990–present |
|  | |
| Website | Official website |


title: Satsuma, Alabama

abstract: Satsuma is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 6,749, up from 6,168 at the 2010 census. Known prior to 1915 as "Fig Tree Island", the city was named after the satsuma orange, which was successfully cultivated and grown in Alabama starting in 1878, a gift from Emperor Meiji of Japan. Satsuma is a part of the Mobile metropolitan area.

text:
# Satsuma, Alabama

**Satsuma** is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 6,749, up from 6,168 at the 2010 census. Known prior to 1915 as "Fig Tree Island", the city was named after the satsuma orange, which was successfully cultivated and grown in Alabama starting in 1878, a gift from Emperor Meiji of Japan. Satsuma is a part of the Mobile metropolitan area.

## History

The area was inhabited for thousands of years by differing cultures of indigenous peoples.

* 1878 – Farmers introduced Mandarin Satsuma oranges to Alabama from Japan for cultivation.
* 1900 – Satsuma area known as Fig Tree Island
* 1910 – Pace Orange Orchard had about 100 acres (0.40 km2) of pecans and satsuma trees on the area.
* 1915 – Town named "Satsuma"
* 1918 – Norman E. McConaghy hired as manager of the Satsuma Orange & Pecan Groves Company
* 1922 – Packing house built; still stands above Mac's Landing
* 1912-1924 – Satsuma trees damaged by cold weather and citrus canker
* 1959 – Plans for a town charter submitted to the County of Mobile and the State of Alabama were approved. April 6, 1959, was the first municipal election.
* 2011 – Satsuma breaks away from the Mobile County school system and starts working on its own curriculum.

## Geography

Satsuma is in northeastern Mobile County; it is bordered to the southwest by Saraland, to the northeast by Creola, and to the southeast by an undeveloped extension of the city of Mobile. U.S. Route 43 and Interstate 65 are the main highways through Saraland, intersecting at the northern edge of the city. Downtown Mobile is 13 miles (21 km) to the south.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Satsuma has a total area of 7.4 square miles (19 km2), of which 0.05 square miles (0.13 km2), or 0.68%, are water. The city is bordered to the east by Gunnison Creek, a tidal tributary of Bayou Sara, which leads to the Mobile River.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1960 | 1,491 |  |  |
| 1970 | 2,035 |  | 36.5% |
| 1980 | 3,822 |  | 87.8% |
| 1990 | 5,194 |  | 35.9% |
| 2000 | 5,687 |  | 9.5% |
| 2010 | 6,168 |  | 8.5% |
| 2020 | 6,749 |  | 9.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2000 census

At the 2000 census there were 5,687 people in 2,017 households, including 1,688 families, in the city. The population density was 873.1 inhabitants per square mile (337.1/km2). There were 2,107 housing units at an average density of 323.5 per square mile (124.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.72% White, 5.05% Black or African American, 0.55% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. 0.58% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 2,017 households 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.3% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.3% were non-families. 14.8% of households were one person and 6.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.10.

The age distribution was 26.0% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males.

The median household income was $50,496 and the median family income was $53,180. Males had a median income of $39,123 versus $24,851 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,972. About 4.7% of families and 6.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.

### 2010 census

At the 2010 census there were 6,168 people in 2,290 households, including 1,774 families, in the city. The population density was 948.9 inhabitants per square mile (366.4/km2). There were 2,416 housing units at an average density of 371.7 per square mile (143.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 88.7% White, 7.9% Black or African American, 1.2% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. 1.1% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 2,290 households 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.8% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.5% were non-families. 18.8% of households were one person and 8.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.05.

The age distribution was 23.8% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 24.4% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% 65 or older. The median age was 40.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males.

The median household income was $59,289 and the median family income was $63,333. Males had a median income of $46,938 versus $33,791 for females. The per capita income for the city was $25,087. About 0% of families and 0.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0% of those under age 18 and 1.5% of those age 65 or over.

### 2020 census

Satsuma racial composition
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 5,733 | 84.95% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 525 | 7.78% |
| Native American | 88 | 1.3% |
| Asian | 29 | 0.43% |
| Pacific Islander | 3 | 0.04% |
| Other/Mixed | 286 | 4.24% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 85 | 1.26% |

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 6,749 people, 2,205 households, and 1,705 families residing in the city.

## Education

Satsuma is served by the Satsuma City School System, following the successful separation from the Mobile County Public School System in 2012.

Satsuma voted on April 12, 2011, to create its own school system. The Satsuma City School System is served by two schools, Robert E. Lee Elementary (K-6) and Satsuma High School (7-12).

### Before separation from Mobile

Before the Satsuma City School System was founded, the schools that served Satsuma included Robert E. Lee Primary School (Kindergarten through 2), Robert E. Lee Intermediate School (3 through 5), North Mobile County Middle School (6-8), Satsuma High School (9-12). Lee Primary, Lee Intermediate, and Satsuma High were in the city of Satsuma, while North Mobile County Middle was in Axis.

Before the Saraland City Schools system formed, Satsuma residents attended Adams Middle School in Saraland. In 2003, officials of Satsuma, Saraland, and Chickasaw contemplated forming the "Delta School District." Such a split would have required an act from the Alabama Legislature. In June 2006, the City of Saraland voted to break away from the Mobile County Public School System and form its own school system. On September 7, 2010 North Mobile County Middle School opened, replacing the role of Adams Middle School in Saraland, because residents outside of Saraland are no longer zoned to Adams Middle.

Satsuma residents considered leaving Mobile County schools since circa 2001. In 2010, the City of Satsuma began conducting a study on whether it can split from the Mobile County school system. Tom Williams, a council member of Satsuma, said he began considering splitting once Mobile County decided to situate the new middle school in Axis, 12 miles (19 km) from Satsuma, since students have longer bus rides to the school and that the school is further away from fire and police stations. The Mobile County government built the school outside of the Satsuma city limits so the city government would be unable to possess the school if it opted to secede.

## InfoBox

| Satsuma, Alabama | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Motto: "Enjoy Quality of Life in Satsuma" | |
| Location in Mobile County, Alabama | |
| Coordinates: 30°51′16″N 88°3′16″W / 30.85444°N 88.05444°W / 30.85444; -88.05444 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Alabama |
| County | Mobile |
| Area | |
| Total | 7.40 sq mi (19.16 km2) |
| Land | 7.35 sq mi (19.03 km2) |
| Water | 0.05 sq mi (0.13 km2) |
| Elevation | 13 ft (4 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 6,749 |
| Density | 918.48/sq mi (354.62/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 36572 |
| Area code | 251 |
| FIPS code | 01-68352 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0126426 |
| Website | www.cityofsatsuma.com |


title: Euclides da Cunha

abstract: Euclides da Cunha was a Brazilian journalist, sociologist and engineer. His most important work is Os Sertões, a non-fictional account of the military expeditions promoted by the Brazilian government against the rebellious village of Canudos, known as the War of Canudos. This book was a favorite of Robert Lowell, who ranked it above Tolstoy. Jorge Luis Borges also commented on it in his short story "Three Versions of Judas". The book was translated into English by Samuel Putnam and published by the University of Chicago Press in 1944. It remains in print. He was heavily influenced by Naturalism and its Darwinian proponents. Os Sertões characterised the coast of Brazil as a chain of civilisations while the interior remained more primitive. He occupied the 7th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1903 until his death in 1909. He served as inspiration for the character of The Journalist in Mario Vargas Llosa's The War of the End of the World.

text:
# Euclides da Cunha

**Euclides da Cunha** (Portuguese: \[ewˈklidʒiʒ  ˈkũɲɐ\], January 20, 1866 – August 15, 1909) was a Brazilian journalist, sociologist and engineer. His most important work is *Os Sertões* (*Rebellion in the Backlands*), a non-fictional account of the military expeditions promoted by the Brazilian government against the rebellious village of Canudos, known as the War of Canudos.

This book was a favorite of Robert Lowell, who ranked it above Tolstoy. Jorge Luis Borges also commented on it in his short story "Three Versions of Judas". The book was translated into English by Samuel Putnam and published by the University of Chicago Press in 1944. It remains in print. He was heavily influenced by Naturalism and its Darwinian proponents. *Os Sertões* characterised the coast of Brazil as a chain of civilisations while the interior remained more primitive. He occupied the 7th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1903 until his death in 1909.

He served as inspiration for the character of *The Journalist* in Mario Vargas Llosa's *The War of the End of the World*.

## Timeline

Euclides da Cunha was born January 20, 1866, in Cantagalo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where he lived until he was three years old. His grandparents were of Portuguese origin. He attended in 1885 Escola Politécnica, and after he attended Escola Militar da Praia Vermelha, a military school in Rio, beginning in 1886. He was expelled from the military school in 1888, due to his participation in an act of protest during a visit of the Brazilian War Minister, Tomás Coelho, who was a member of the last Conservative cabinet of the Brazilian Empire. He was readmitted to the Escola Militar in 1889. He was admitted to the Brazilian War School (*Escola de Guerra*) in 1891 . He was discharged from the Army in 1896 in order to dedicate himself to studying civil engineering.

In 1897 he accompanied the Army in the Campanha de Canudos, against a rebellious group of peasants under the leadership of Antonio Conselheiro. Between 7 August and 1 October, he was in the Sertão ("backland"), as war correspondent for the *O Estado de S. Paulo* newspaper. In 1903 he was elected to the *Academia Brasileira de Letras* (Brazilian Academy of Letters) and the Instituto Histórico e Geográfico, the Historical and Geographic Institute In 1904, Da Cunha was employed on a joint Brazilian-Peruvian expedition to determine a border between the countries. This expedition travelled down the Purus River, which was heavily exploited by rubber tappers. During this time, Da Cunha produced his essay "Os Caucheros" which provides an architype for the "cauchero" or rubber tapper. According to historian Susanna B. Hecht, who wrote *The Scramble for the Amazon and the Lost Paradise of Euclides Da Cunha*, Carlos Scharff, a successful rubber baron on the Purus River, was "the model for the Caucho King in Da Cunha's essay Os Caucheiros". In 1909 Da Cunha was admitted as chairman and professor of Logic at the Colégio Pedro II, a public secondary school in Rio.

Euclides da Cunha married Ana Emília Ribeiro, daughter of major Sólon Ribeiro, in 1890. The couple had five children. Ana Emília had an affair with Dilermando de Assis, a young Army lieutenant. On August 15, 1909, finding about his wife's affair, da Cunha went to Assis' house to kill him. He shot Assis and his brother Dinorah, failing to kill either. Assis shot da Cunha when Euclides had already left his house, and the writer was killed. According to Hecht's account, there was doubt whether Dilermando murdered a fleeing man who had run out of bullets, or whether Euclides still was a threat to Dilermando (which would make the murder self-defense.) The jury decided for the latter scenario and acquitted Dilermando. Da Cunha was 43 years old.

## Works

* 1902 *Os Sertões* (*Rebellion in the Backlands*: University of Chicago Press ISBN 978-0-226-12444-5) -- also Penguin Classics in a new translation, ISBN 978-0-14-310607-4
* 1907 *Contrastes e confrontos*, lit. Contrasts and Confrontations
* 1907 *Peru versus Bolívia*
* 1909 À margem da história \- series of essays written by Da Cunha after the Peruvian-Brazilian joint expedition on the Upper Amazon.
* 1939 *Canudos, diário de uma expedição* – news articles published in the periodical O Estado de S. Paulo
* 1967 *Canudos e inéditos* – news articles published by the periodical O Estado de S. Paulo

## Further reading

* Goldberg, Isaac (1922). "Euclides da Cunha." In: *Brazilian Literature*. New York: Alfred A. Knoff, pp. 210–221.

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Euclides da Cunha | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1866-01-20)January 20, 1866
Cantagalo, Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil |
| Died | August 15, 1909(1909-08-15) (aged 43)
Piedade, Rio de Janeiro |
| Occupation | Journalist
Sociologist
Engineer |
| Nationality | Brazilian |
| Genre | Poetry |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: TV 2 Nyheter

abstract: TV 2 Nyheter is a 24-hour Norwegian language television news channel which started broadcasting on 15 January 2007. It is Norway's first national news network in Norwegian, although Nyhetskanalen did exist from 1997 to 1998. The channel's main newsroom is located in Bergen.

text:
# TV 2 Nyheter

**TV 2 Nyheter** (*TV 2 News*) is a 24-hour Norwegian language television news channel which started broadcasting on 15 January 2007. It is Norway's first national news network in Norwegian, although Nyhetskanalen did exist from 1997 to 1998.

The channel's main newsroom is located in Bergen.

## Programming

### Weekdays

The channel has broadcasts with presenters in the studio from 06:00 to 22:30. However the newsroom is staffed the whole day and thus, the channel can quickly go on air at the last minute in case news breaks during the night. Through the night, the day's news items are non-stop in Nyhetshjulet. At the same time, a news ticker rolls across the bottom of the screen all day with updates from NTB, TV 2 Nyhetene, TV 2 Sporten, and NA24.no. The broadcasts originate from TV 2's Oslo Bureau along Karl Johans gate from 06:30 to 10:30. The news team at TV 2's headquarters in Bergen takes over from 10:30 (Økonominyhetene) until 15:00. The news is broadcast from Oslo again from 15:00 (Nyhetene) until 18:30. The 18:30 edition of Nyhetene is always broadcast from Bergen. The newscasts between 19:00 to 21:00 alternate between the Oslo bureau and TV 2's Bergen headquarters. The news team at Bergen presents the newscasts from 21:00 to 23:00.

#### Summer changes

Since 2010, weekday newscasts during the summer period are live only from 08:00 to 14:00, 17:00 to 17:30, and 22:00 to 22:30.

From 08:00-13:59, each top of the hour consists of a news bulletin that lasts for about 22–23 minutes, after which an assortment of advertisements and show previews for the main TV 2 channel are shown. The presenter recaps the headlines at bottom of the hour. The remaining 10 minutes will be devoted to additional reports and interviews. At 45 minutes past the hour, the channel presents about 10 minutes of sports news.

In addition, the 18:30-Nyhetene and 21-Nyhetene that air on the main TV 2 channel are simulcast on TV 2 Nyheter.

Outside these times, the news is broadcast in a tape-loop but is updated regularly.

### Weekends

TV 2 Nyheter expanded its output during the weekends from 4 January 2009. The channel broadcasts news, weather, sport, and invites guests in the programme Nyhetsfrokost from 08:00 to 11:30 on each weekend morning. Outside these times, the channel alternates between a newscast, Underhuset, and Nyhetshjulet. The last live broadcast from TV 2 Nyheter during weekends takes place between 13:00 to 13:30. News teams in Oslo and Bergen take turns in assuming hosting responsibilities every week. The weekend editions of the 18:30 and 21 Nyhetene is always produced in Bergen. During the summer, weekend live news is seen from 09:00 to 15:00.

## Breakthrough

Its breakthrough came at 2pm on 13 January 2007, two days before its planned launch date, when the channel had a breaking news report about the environmental disaster outside Fedje, breaking into broadcast on its sister channel TV 2. During this breaking news broadcast, Lene Østby Sævrøy and Espen Fiveland anchored the broadcast.

Terje Svabø and Mah-Rukh Ali lead the first ordinary broadcast on 15 January 2007 at 12 noon.

## News Anchors

## InfoBox

TV 2 Nyheter
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Norway |
| Broadcast area | Norway |
| Network | TV 2 Norway |
| Headquarters | Bergen, Norway |
| Programming | |
| Picture format | 576i (16:9 SDTV)
1080i (HDTV) |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | TV 2 Group
(Egmont) |
| Sister channels | TV 2 Direkte,
TV 2 Zebra,
TV 2 Livsstil,
TV 2 Sport,
TV 2 Sport Premium |
| History | |
| Launched | 15 January 2007 (2007-01-15) |
| Former names | TV 2 Nyhetskanalen (2007–2022) |
| Links | |
| Website | www.tv2.no/nyheter |
| Availability | |
|  | |
| Terrestrial | |
| RiksTV | Channel 12 |
| Streaming media | |
| TV 2 Play | play.tv2.no/direkte-tv/tv-2-nyheter-82018.html (only in EEA) |
|  | |


title: Butterdon Hill

abstract: Butterdon Hill is on Dartmoor, in southwest England. The remains of a small stone circle and a stone row can be found on the summit. The name Butterdon is believed to derive an Old English word for "pasture".

text:
# Butterdon Hill

**Butterdon Hill** is on Dartmoor, in southwest England. The remains of a small stone circle and a stone row can be found on the summit. The name Butterdon is believed to derive an Old English word for "pasture".

## InfoBox

| Butterdon Hill | |
| --- | --- |
| Butterdon cairn | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 366 m (1,201 ft) |
| Prominence | 17 m |
| Coordinates | 50°24′45″N 3°53′38″W / 50.4124°N 3.8939°W / 50.4124; -3.8939 |
| Geography | |
| Butterdon HillLocation of Butterdon Hill in Dartmoor | |
| Location | Dartmoor, England |
| Parent range | Dartmoor |
| OS grid | SX655586 |
| Topo map | OS *Landranger* 202 |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | From Western Beacon |


title: Cardie Hicks

abstract: Cardie Hicks, also known as Cardte Hicks, is an American former basketball player. Reportedly having a 40-inch vertical leap, she is one of the first women known to have dunked in a professional game, doing so while playing professionally in the Netherlands in 1978. Nicknamed "Magic", she played basketball at San Pedro High School where she won the Los Angeles City girls' basketball championship in 1972. She attended Long Beach State on a basketball scholarship for three years before transferring to California State University, Northridge for her senior year. During her senior season, she averaged 16.0 points in 15 games. Following her college career, she played professionally in the Netherland for two seasons where she gained notability in 1978 after having a two-handed alley-oop dunk. She later played two seasons in the Women's Professional Basketball League (WBL) for the San Francisco Pioneers, averaging 15.7 points in 43 games. She missed the majority of her first season, due to a stress fracture in both legs. In February 1981, she was selected to play in the WBL All-Star game. Following the folding of WBL in 1981, Hicks returned to Europe, playing until 1994, including in Italy and Sweden. In 1997, she tried out for the WNBA Sacramento Monarchs at age 41 but knee problems knocked her out.

text:
# Cardie Hicks

**Cardie Hicks**, also known as **Cardte Hicks**, is an American former basketball player. Reportedly having a 40-inch vertical leap, she is one of the first women known to have dunked in a professional game, doing so while playing professionally in the Netherlands in 1978.

Nicknamed **"Magic"**, she played basketball at San Pedro High School where she won the Los Angeles City girls' basketball championship in 1972. She attended Long Beach State on a basketball scholarship for three years before transferring to California State University, Northridge for her senior year. During her senior season, she averaged 16.0 points in 15 games.

Following her college career, she played professionally in the Netherland for two seasons where she gained notability in 1978 after having a two-handed alley-oop dunk. She later played two seasons in the Women's Professional Basketball League (WBL) for the San Francisco Pioneers, averaging 15.7 points in 43 games. She missed the majority of her first season, due to a stress fracture in both legs. In February 1981, she was selected to play in the WBL All-Star game. Following the folding of WBL in 1981, Hicks returned to Europe, playing until 1994, including in Italy and Sweden. In 1997, she tried out for the WNBA Sacramento Monarchs at age 41 but knee problems knocked her out.

## InfoBox

Cardie Hicks
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | c.1955/1956 |
| Listed height | 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) |
| Career information | |
| High school | San Pedro |
| College |  |
| Playing career | 1977–1994 |
| Position | Guard/forward/center |
| Career history | |
| 197?–? | Oud-Beijerland |
| 1979–1981 | San Francisco Pioneers |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
| * WBL All-Star (1981) | |
|  | |