title: Dora Zaslavsky

abstract: Dora Zaslavsky Koch was a Russian-born American pianist who was one of the first graduates of and later a teacher at the Manhattan School of Music.

text:
# Dora Zaslavsky

**Dora Zaslavsky Koch** (July 18, 1904 – September 9, 1987) was a Russian-born American pianist who was one of the first graduates of and later a teacher at the Manhattan School of Music.

## Early life

Zaslavsky was born in the Russian Empire in 1904, arriving in New York as an infant on February 22, 1905. Her family was Jewish, from the city of Kremenchuk in the oblast of Poltava. Her father Max had emigrated to the United States the previous year. She was traveling with her mother Celia née Fleisher, older siblings Joseph and Fay, and a young cousin. Another brother Israel (also George) was born six years later. Other sources give Zaslavsky’s birth year as 1905, but this is incompatible with the ship manifest information. The family story goes that Zaslavsky's musical talent was discovered "thanks to a large toy piano with real black and white keys" that her father, a peddler, had brought home for her.

She studied piano with Harold Bauer and Janet Schenck, founder of the Neighborhood Music School, which became the Manhattan School of Music, and she was the school's first graduate in 1920. Zaslavsky continued her studies with Wilhelm Backhaus in Philadelphia and Paris, then returned to New York to take up her teaching career at the Manhattan School, where she taught alongside Constance Keene. Among her students were David Bar-Ilan and Abbey Simon.

## Marriages

Zaslavsky married New Yorker Herbert Spencer Schwartz (also Herbert Thomas Schwartz) on September 12, 1927. He was a gifted musician whose mother had hoped he would become a concert pianist, as Zaslavsky’s father had hoped for her. Schwartz, however, chose to pursue a college education rather than continue in music. At the time of their marriage he was beginning his third undergraduate year at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, thinking of becoming a physician. He was accepted into medical school but dropped out after one semester, entering Columbia University the following fall to study philosophy. He wrote his doctoral thesis on the philosophy of music, graduating in 1933. Zaslavsky and Schwartz were amicably divorced on August 10, 1935, each of them interested in someone else at the time.

Zaslavsky's second husband, John Koch, grew up in Ann Arbor, and joined the art scene in Paris at age nineteen, where he lived for nearly five years, returning in June, 1933, to Ann Arbor. When he settled in Manhattan the following year, he already knew Zaslavsky, either having met her in New York City before he left for Paris, or having met her during one of her visits to Paris. He was "determined to win her." Koch stayed first with a friend, then moved to a room next door to the one at 56th & Madison in which Zaslavsky was living with her sister Fay. Koch and Zaslavsky were married on December 23, 1935. Their first apartment was at 865 First Avenue in Midtown Manhattan. The bedroom served as his studio; the living room with piano was her studio.


abstract: The British Yearbook of International Law is an annual peer reviewed academic journal of law. It is published by Oxford University Press. The editors are professor Eyal Benvenisti and professor Catherine Redgwell.

text:
# The British Yearbook of International Law

***The British Yearbook of International Law*** is an annual peer reviewed academic journal of law. It is published by Oxford University Press.

The editors are professor Eyal Benvenisti and professor Catherine Redgwell.

## InfoBox

*The British Yearbook of International Law*
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Discipline | Law |
| Language | English |
| Edited by | Eyal Benvenisti & Catherine Redgwell |
| Publication details | |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (United Kingdom) |
| Frequency | Annual |
| Standard abbreviations
 | |
| ISO 4 | *Br. Yearb. Int. Law* |
| Indexing
 | |
| ISSN | 0068-2691 (print)
2044-9437 (web)
 |
| Links | |
|  | |


title: Sefwi Wiawso

abstract: Sefwi Wiawso is a town in the Sefwi-Wiawso Municipal District in the Western North Region of Ghana. It doubles as the capital of Sefwi-Wiawso Municipal District and Western North Region. Wiawso serves as the traditional seat for the Omanhene of Sefwi-Wiawso traditional area. The settlement of Wiawso began on hilltop with Sefwi-Dwenase settlement occupying the lowlands. Overtime, Wiawso and Sefwi-Dwenase have conurbated with almost all the financial institutions, governmental agency-offices, lorry terminals and the main market all located in Sefwi Dwenase. Wiawso is known for producing timber, cocoa and cashew. One of Ghana's 261 Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs), Sefwi Wiawso Municipal is a member of the 22 MMDAs in the Western North Region. Legislative Instrument (L.I) 1386, which was passed on November 23, 1988, formed the Municipality and designated Wiawso as its official capital. Based on the 2021 population and residential census, there are 151,220 people living in the Municipality, including 75,905 men and 75,315 women.

text:
# Sefwi Wiawso

**Sefwi Wiawso** is a town in the Sefwi-Wiawso Municipal District in the Western North Region of Ghana. It doubles as the capital of Sefwi-Wiawso Municipal District and Western North Region. Wiawso serves as the traditional seat for the Omanhene of Sefwi-Wiawso traditional area. The settlement of Wiawso began on hilltop with Sefwi-Dwenase settlement occupying the lowlands. Overtime, Wiawso and Sefwi-Dwenase have conurbated with almost all the financial institutions, governmental agency-offices, lorry terminals and the main market all located in Sefwi Dwenase. Wiawso is known for producing timber, cocoa and cashew. One of Ghana's 261 Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs), Sefwi Wiawso Municipal is a member of the 22 MMDAs in the Western North Region. Legislative Instrument (L.I) 1386, which was passed on November 23, 1988, formed the Municipality and designated Wiawso as its official capital. Based on the 2021 population and residential census, there are 151,220 people living in the Municipality, including 75,905 men and 75,315 women.

## History

Just like any other township or village in Ghana that has a name, there is a special story and a history behind the name, Sefwi Wiawso. The lands on which Sefwi Wiawso is located in the moment was once a thicket of forest with abundance of game and fertile soil. Through hunting the people came to discover the potential of the lands that has now become the Wiawso township. Over time, the then farmers realized the fertility of the soil and took advantage of it by starting cocoa farms there. Amongst the early settlers were the family of the then king, Nana Kwasipanin Bumankama and his wife Kooko Adwoa.

The first woman of the land was believed to have established a groundnut farm on top of the hill so they received much sunlight in most times of the day. She(the first lady) later named the place of her groundnut farm “Eyia wo so” which literally meant there is abundance of sunlight here. This place is what has now become known as Sefwi Wiawso as the people came to build their homes there. It is believed that Nana Kwasipanin Bumankama came to kill an elephant at where Sefwi Wiawso highlands and raised a high platform for preparing and drying the game. The king later come to realize that the highlands is very suitable place for settlements and very strategic in view of the rampant battles during those times. That would help them see oncoming enemies in the lowlands.

The people therefore moved and made their new settlement at the Sefwi Wiawso highlands under Nana Bumankama, the sixth king of the Sefwi area. This is the settlement that has developed to become Sefwi Wiawso of today, a land with people especially with passion for Agriculture.

## Jewish community

Sefwi Wiawso is home to a Jewish community known as the House of Israel. The community maintains the Sefwi Wiawso Synagogue.

## Traditional Council

The Paramount Chief of Sefwi Wiawso is Katakyire Kwasi Bumangamah II. The chief of Sefwi Nsuasua is Nana Elluo Payin who doubles as Kyidomhene of the Sefwi Wiawso Traditional Council. The Chief of Sefwi Boinzan and Kontihene of Sefwi Wiawso Traditional Council is Nana Ofori Ahenkan II.

## Economy

Agriculture is the major economic activity in Wiawso, thus in terms of employment and income generation, with about 80% of the working population engaged in this sector which constitutes the main source of household income. There are three prominent types of farming activities in this area are livestock farming, food and cash crop farming. The most predominant amongst these cash crop productions is cocoa which constitute a greater percentage of the farmers in Wiawso and surrounding communities.

## Education

Prominent among the educational institutions in Wiawso are Wiawso College of Education, Sefwi Wiawso Senior High School, Sefwi Wiawso Senior High Technical School and Sefwi Wiawso College of Health.

## Tourism

**The Tree of God (Nyame Dua)**. The tree of God is located at Nyamebekyere, a distance of about 5 km from Sefwi Wiawso. It is said that about 150 years ago, a farmer struck a machete into the stump of the tree and this is still visible in the trunk of the tree. The tree has continuously been growing ever since, and today the trunk of the tree completely surrounds the machete.

**Abombirim sacred tortoise forest**. It is a sacred forest preserve in which a giant tortoise lives. When one sees the tortoise and picks it, there turn to be total darkness in the forest. Until such a time that the tortoise is left for light to re-appear, one will not be able to find a way out of the forest. It is located at Sefwi Boako, a 21 km distance from Sefwi Wiawso.

**Ancestral hole**. The ancestral hole is at Sefwi Bosomoiso, about 4 km from Sefwi Wiawso, the capital. It is believed that the royal family of Bosomoiso community originated from this hole. It is believed to be a bottomless hole surrounded by trees but no leaves fall into it. The hole is alleged to have healing powers (Western region: Human development report 2013 by UNDP).

## Festival

The chiefs and people of Sefwi-Wiawso traditional area celebrate the Alluolue Festival (Yam, Eluo). This festival is celebrated to mark an event that took place in the past. The festival is claimed to bring together people for the planning of development and sew bonds of unity and friendship. During the festival, visitors are welcomed to share food and drinks. The people put on traditional clothes and there is durbar of chiefs. There is also dancing and drumming. To commemorate a historic occurrence, the occasion is held. The event aims to bring people together in order for planning for growth and to forge ties of brotherhood and solidarity. The chiefs settle disputes prior to the festive commemoration to guarantee a trouble-free occasion.

## InfoBox

| Sefwi Wiawso | |
| --- | --- |
| District Capital | |
|  | |
| Sefwi WiawsoLocation in Ghana | |
| Coordinates: 06°12′57″N 02°29′06″W / 6.21583°N 2.48500°W / 6.21583; -2.48500 | |
| Country | Ghana |
| Region | Western North Region |
| District | Sefwi-Wiawso District |
| Elevation | 200 ft (60 m) |
| Time zone | GMT |
| Summer (DST) | GMT |


title: Veja Mate Offshore Wind Farm

abstract: Veja Mate is a German 402 MW offshore wind farm in the German Bight of the North Sea about 95 km northwest of Borkum. The wind farm consists of 67 Siemens Wind Power SWT-6.0-154 turbines, each with a 6 MW capacity. In January 2017, 18 months after the financial close, the first of the turbines started delivering power to the German grid. The last turbine was installed on 25 May 2017, and commissioning activities were completed on 31 May 2017. Construction was completed in less than 23 months after financial close, almost four months ahead of the schedule agreed at financial close. The EUR 1.9 billion (US$2.1bn) wind farm is owned by Siemens Financial Services and a consortium of European investors. The power is delivered via the offshore converter station HVDC BorWin2 to the German onshore Diele substation near Weener.

text:
# Veja Mate Offshore Wind Farm

Wind farm layout

**Veja Mate** is a German 402 MW offshore wind farm in the German Bight of the North Sea about 95 km northwest of Borkum. The wind farm consists of 67 Siemens Wind Power SWT-6.0-154 turbines, each with a 6 MW capacity.

In January 2017, 18 months after the financial close, the first of the turbines started delivering power to the German grid. The last turbine was installed on 25 May 2017, and commissioning activities were completed on 31 May 2017. Construction was completed in less than 23 months after financial close, almost four months ahead of the schedule agreed at financial close.

The EUR 1.9 billion (US$2.1bn) wind farm is owned by Siemens Financial Services and a consortium of European investors.

The power is delivered via the offshore converter station HVDC BorWin2 to the German onshore Diele substation near Weener.

## InfoBox

| Veja Mate | |
| --- | --- |
| Veja Mate among the wind farms of the German Bight | |
|  | |
| Official name | Veja Mate Offshore Wind Farm |
| Country | * Germany |
| Location | North Sea |
| Coordinates | 54°N 6°E / 54°N 6°E / 54; 6 |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | April 4, 2016 (2016-04-04) |
| Commission date | * 31 May 2017 |
| Construction cost | 1,900 M€ |
| Owners |  |
| Wind farm | |
| Type |  |
| Max. water depth | 41 m |
| Distance from shore | 95 km |
| Hub height | 103 m |
| Rotor diameter | * 154 m (505 ft) |
| Rated wind speed | 4–25 m/s |
| Site area | 51 km2 |
| Power generation | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Units operational | 67 × 6 MW |
| Make and model | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 (67) |
| Nameplate capacity | * 402 MW |
| Capacity factor | 45.4% (projected) |
| Annual net output | 1,600 GW·h |
| External links | |
| Website | www.vejamate.net |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: Settebello (train)

abstract: The Settebello was a famous Italian high-speed express train that linked Milano Centrale in Milan with Roma Termini station in Rome, via Bologna and Florence. Introduced in 1953, it was operated by the Italian State Railways (FS) and used the distinctive ETR 300-type electric multiple unit trainsets, featuring observation lounges at the front and rear of the train. When introduced, it "set a standard of speed and luxurious travelling accommodation previously unknown in Italy [and] rivalling anything else on European rails." It was a Trans Europ Express (TEE) from 1974 until its withdrawal, in 1984.

text:
# Settebello (train)

The ***Settebello*** was a famous Italian high-speed express train that linked Milano Centrale in Milan with Roma Termini station in Rome, via Bologna and Florence. Introduced in 1953, it was operated by the Italian State Railways (FS) and used the distinctive ETR 300-type electric multiple unit trainsets, featuring observation lounges at the front and rear of the train. When introduced, it "set a standard of speed and luxurious travelling accommodation previously unknown in Italy \[and\] rivalling anything else on European rails." It was a Trans Europ Express (TEE) from 1974 until its withdrawal, in 1984.

## History

Introduced in 1953, the *Settebello* (Italian: *Il Settebello*) provided high-speed luxury train service between Milan and Rome. Its name translates as "the beautiful seven" (or alternatively and more loosely as "the lucky seven") and was based on a popular Italian card game known as Scopone, in which the seven-of-diamonds card carries the highest value. A drawing of nine playing cards, with the seven-of-diamonds card shown larger than all of the others, was painted on the side of the train next to its name.

For its entire history *Il Settebello* was operated by electric multiple-unit trainsets of type ETR 300, and these sets consequently came to be known as "Settebello" type, as they were used exclusively on the *Settebello* during its period of operation. These trainsets featured rounded ends with passenger observation lounges, allowing passengers to sit at the very front and rear of the train. The operator's cab – or "command cabin" – was in a raised area behind and above the lounge compartment. The design made the train distinct from all other trains in Italy and all other high-speed trains of the time. Reservations were required for travel on the *Settebello*, but the seating in the observation areas was unreserved, allowing any passenger on the train to use it.

The *Settebello* was originally a *Rapido*-class service of FS, and from the start it carried first-class coaches only. The seven-car train included a full restaurant car, operated by the Wagons-Lits Company. All cars were air-conditioned. In addition to the regular first-class ticket price, the cost of travelling on the luxury train *Settebello* carried an extra surcharge, or fare supplement. The surcharge alone was almost as much as the first-class fare, but afforded passengers a service "comparable to that of a five-star hotel", with amenities found on very few other day-journey trains of the time. These included an office where a traveller could "make a telephone call to anywhere in Italy" and the availability of shower facilities in the restrooms.

The train became a Trans Europ Express (TEE) service on 26 May 1974. It was TEE number 69 southbound and 68 northbound, and in both directions it was the morning TEE serving the Milan–Rome route, which had three TEE trains per day in each direction. During its pre-TEE years, the *Settebello* had been an evening or midday service, departing Milan at 5:45 p.m. and Rome around 10:30 a.m., and the Milan–Rome trips at those times of day were taken over by a different TEE, the *Ambrosiano*, upon the *Settebello*'s designation as a TEE.

Scenery along the route included mountain views on the ascent to the 18.4 km (11.4 mi) Apennine Tunnel, on the Bologna–Florence section. On 3 June 1984, the *Settebello* was renamed *Colosseum*, which did not use the class-ETR 300 trainsets.

## Speed and travel time

The full journey between Milan and Rome took a little more than six hours in 1963. By 1974, when the train became a Trans-Europe Express, the trip was scheduled to take only 5 hours, 45 minutes, in both directions, and by 1977 the travel time had been reduced by another 10 minutes.

As of 1964, the train's top speed in normal operation was 150 kilometres per hour (93 mph), but it was authorized for speeds of up to 160 km/h. The portion of the route with the fastest *average* speed was the Milano–Bologna section, averaging 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph). The average speed over the entire journey, including stops, was 113.9 km/h (70.8 mph), as of 1978. Work under way in the mid-1970s on upgrading of the line was predicted to allow *Settebello*'s normal top speed to be increased to about 160 km/h (99 mph).

Media related to TEE Settebello at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

Settebello
| The TEE *Settebello* at Milano Centrale in 1983 | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Service type | *Rapido* (1953–74)
Trans Europ Express (TEE) (1974–84) |
| Status | Discontinued |
| Locale | Italy |
| First service | 1953 |
| Last service | 2 June 1984 (1984-06-02) |
| Successor | TEE *Colosseum* |
| Former operator(s) | Ferrovie dello Stato (FS) |
| Route | |
| Termini | Milano Centrale
Roma Termini |
| Distance travelled | 630 km (390 mi) |
| Service frequency | Daily |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | First class only |
| Catering facilities | Restaurant car, operated by Wagons-Lits |
| Observation facilities | Lounges at front and rear |
| Technical | |
| Rolling stock | ETR 300-type EMU trainsets |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) |
| Electrification | 3,000  DC |


title: Chittoor railway station

abstract: Chittoor railway station is an Indian railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on the Gudur–Katpadi branch line and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Coast Railway zone.

text:
# Chittoor railway station

**Chittoor railway station** (station code:CTO) is an Indian railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on the Gudur–Katpadi branch line and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Coast Railway zone.

## Classification

Chittoor railway station is classified as a *B–category* station in the Guntakal railway division.

## InfoBox

| Chittoor | |
| --- | --- |
| Express train, Passenger train and Commuter rail | |
| Chittoor railway station entrance | |
| General information | |
| Location | Prakasham High Road, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh<br>India |
| Coordinates | 13°13′09″N 79°06′13″E / 13.2192°N 79.1035°E / 13.2192; 79.1035 |
| Operated by | Indian Railways |
| Line(s) | Gudur–Katpadi branch line |
| Platforms | 3 |
| Tracks | 5 |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | On ground |
| Parking | yes |
| Accessible |  |
| Other information | |
| Status | Active |
| Station code | CTO |
| Zone(s) | South Coast Railway zone |
| Division(s) | Guntakal |
| History | |
| Electrified | Yes |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Indian Railways Following station  Muthirevulutowards ?   Gudur–Katpadi Branch line  Siddampallitowards ? | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  ChittoorLocation in Andhra PradeshChittoorLocation in India | |


title: Central Parish Church

abstract: The First Universalist Church, also once known as the Central Parish Church, is a historic church at 97 Main Street in Yarmouth, Maine. Built in 1859–60, it is an excellent local example of religious Italianate architecture, and one of the state's few surviving churches designed by architect Thomas Holt. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The congregation was founded in 1859, and is affiliated with the Unitarian Universalist Association; its current minister is Rev. Hillary Collins-Gilpatrick.

text:
# Central Parish Church

The **First Universalist Church**, also once known as the **Central Parish Church**, is a historic church at 97 Main Street in Yarmouth, Maine. Built in 1859–60, it is an excellent local example of religious Italianate architecture, and one of the state's few surviving churches designed by architect Thomas Holt. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The congregation was founded in 1859, and is affiliated with the Unitarian Universalist Association; its current minister is Rev. Hillary Collins-Gilpatrick.

## Description and history

The First Universalist Church is set in the center of Yarmouth, on the north side of Main Street, east of the North Yarmouth Academy and opposite Portland Street. It is a rectangular wood-frame structure, with a front-facing gable roof, clapboard and flushboard exterior, and a high brick foundation. A square section projects from the front facade, supporting a multistage tower and housing the main entrance. The entrance is set in a tall pilastered arch that also includes a pair of round-arch windows above. This stage of the tower has a rounded gable with modillioned eave, the latter detail also extended to the main roof. A plainly-pilastered square section tops this, with an eight-sided belfry above that has four round-arch openings. The tower is capped by an octagonal steeple. Windows on either side of the projecting section are two-port narrow windows, the upper section with a rounded arch top. Round-arch windows are also found on the building sides.

The church was built in 1859–60, and is one of four known surviving church designs in the state of Thomas Holt, an architect from Bethel, Maine. The congregation was established in 1859 by a split from the local Universalist congregation. After 1885 the congregation declined, most of its members returning to the mother congregation. The two congregations merged soon afterward, at which time the name "Central Parish Church" was adopted. In 1920 it took the name "First Universalist Church", which it retained after merging with the Unitarian congregation in 1962.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Central Parish Church | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 97 Main St., Yarmouth, Maine |
| Coordinates | 43°47′57″N 70°10′58″W / 43.79917°N 70.18278°W / 43.79917; -70.18278 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1859 |
| Architect | Thomas Holt |
| Architectural style | Italianate |
| NRHP reference No. | 88000892 |
| Added to NRHP | June 23, 1988 |


title: Charles-Léon Hammes

abstract: Charles Léon Hammes was a Luxembourg lawyer, judge and the third president of the European Court of Justice.

text:
# Charles-Léon Hammes

**Charles Léon Hammes** (21 May 1898  9 December 1967) was a Luxembourg lawyer, judge and the third president of the European Court of Justice.

## Early life

Hammes was born in 1898 in Falk, German Empire (today Faulquemont, France). After serving as a lawyer at the Luxembourg bar between 1922 and 1927, he made a career as attaché at the Ministry for Justice (192729); Magistrate (192930); Deputy State Prosecutor (193037); Judge at a *tribunal d'arrondissement* (District Court) (193745); Judge at the Cour supérieure de justice (High Court of Justice) (194552); Councillor on the Litigation Committee of the Council of State (195152); Professor Extraordinary at the University of Brussels; member of the Council of State of Luxembourg; member of the Benelux Commission on Unification of Law; President of the National Commission for the Hague Conference on Private International Law; President of the Legislative Studies Commission of the Grand Duchy. In 1952, a became a Judge at the Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and later a judge at the Court of Justice of the European Economic Community (EEC) from 1958 to 1964, when he became the President of the Court of Justice. During the last two years, Hammes was also president of the Court of Arbitration of the Association between the EEC and the African and Malagasy States associated with that Community (196567). He died only two months after retiring from the Court of Justice in 1967.

## Sources


title: Evliya Çelebi Way

abstract: The Evliya Çelebi Way is a cultural trekking route celebrating the early stages of the journey made in 1671 to Mecca by the eponymous Ottoman Turkish gentleman-adventurer, Evliya Çelebi. Evliya travelled the Ottoman Empire and beyond for some 40 years, leaving a 10 volume account of his journeys.

text:
# Evliya Çelebi Way

The **Evliya Çelebi Way** is a cultural trekking route celebrating the early stages of the journey made in 1671 to Mecca by the eponymous Ottoman Turkish gentleman-adventurer, Evliya Çelebi. Evliya travelled the Ottoman Empire and beyond for some 40 years, leaving a 10 volume account of his journeys.

## Route

The Evliya Çelebi Way is a c.600 km-long trail for horse-riders, hikers and bikers. It begins at Hersek (a village in Altınova district), on the south coast of the Izmit Gulf, and traces Evliya's pilgrimage journey via Iznik, Yenişehir, Inegöl, Kütahya (his ancestral home), Afyonkarahisar, Uşak, Eski Gediz, and Simav. (Heavy urbanisation prevents the Way entering either Istanbul, from where he set out in 1671, or Bursa).

The Evliya Çelebi Way was inaugurated in autumn 2009 by a group of Turkish and British riders and academics. See Donna Landry and Gerald MacLean, 'Expedition and Reenactment: Recovering the Ottoman Past through Creating the Evliya Celebi Way,' in Vanessa Agnew, Sabine Stach, and Juliane Tomann, eds., *Reenactment Case Studies: Global Perspectives on Experiental History* (London and New York: Routledge, 2023): 195-216. A guidebook to the route, both English and Turkish, includes practical information for the modern traveller, day-by-day route descriptions, maps, photos, historical and architectural background, notes on the environment, and summaries of Evliya's description of places he saw when he travelled in the region, paired with what the visitor may see today.

1. Evliya Çelebi on the Ottoman Historian's Database
2. "Saudi Aramco World : The Unread Masterpiece of Evliya Çelebi". Archived from the original on 2014-10-27. Retrieved 2011-08-13.
3. Landry, Donna; MacLean, Gerald (2023). Agnew, Vanessa (ed.). *'Expedition and Reenactiment: Recovering the Ottoman Past through Creating the Evliya Celebi Way,' in Reenactment Case Studies: Global Perspectives on Experiental History*. Routledge Studies in Modern History. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 195–216. ISBN 9781138333963.

## Bibliography

* Yücel Dağlı; Seyit Ali Kahraman; Robert Dankoff (2004). *Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnamesi*. vol.9 (modern Turkish transcription) Istanbul: YapıKredi Yayınları.
* Dankoff, Robert (2004). *An Ottoman Mentality. The World of Evliya Çelebi*. Leiden: Brill.
* Robert Dankoff; Sooyong Kim (2010). *An Ottoman Traveller: Selections from the Book of Travels of Evliya Celebi*. London: Eland Books.
* Caroline Finkel (2011). *Evliya Çelebi: Traveller's Tales*. History Today, vol.61 issue 11.


abstract: Dorset East and Hampshire West was a European Parliament constituency covering most of Dorset and parts of western Hampshire in England. Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation for European elections in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each. The constituency consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Bournemouth East, Bournemouth West, Christchurch, New Forest, North Dorset, Poole, Romsey and Waterside and South Dorset. The constituency replaced most of Wessex and parts of Hampshire West. It was itself replaced by much of Dorset and East Devon and parts of Itchen, Test and Avon in 1994. These seats became part of the much larger South West England and South East England constituencies in 1999.

text:
# Dorset East and Hampshire West (European Parliament constituency)

**Dorset East and Hampshire West** was a European Parliament constituency covering most of Dorset and parts of western Hampshire in England.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation for European elections in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Bournemouth East, Bournemouth West, Christchurch, New Forest, North Dorset, Poole, Romsey and Waterside and South Dorset.

The constituency replaced most of Wessex and parts of Hampshire West. It was itself replaced by much of Dorset and East Devon and parts of Itchen, Test and Avon in 1994. These seats became part of the much larger South West England and South East England constituencies in 1999.

## Members of the European Parliament

| Elected | Name | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1984 | Bryan Cassidy |  | Conservative |

## Results

European Parliament election, 1984: Dorset East and Hampshire West
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Bryan Cassidy** | **109,072** | **57.6** |  |
|  | Liberal | John Goss | 49,181 | 25.9 |  |
|  | Labour | David T. James | 31,223 | 16.5 |  |
| Majority | | | 59,891 | 31.7 |  |
| Turnout | | | 189,476 | 33.5 |  |
|  | **New creation:** Conservative **gain**. | | **Swing** | *N/A* |  |

European Parliament election, 1989: Dorset East and Hampshire West
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Bryan Cassidy** | **111,469** | **50.4** | **−7.2** |
|  | Green | Krystyna Bradbury | 49,695 | 22.5 | *New* |
|  | Labour | Haydn White | 38,011 | 17.2 | +0.7 |
|  | SLD | Howard Legg | 21,809 | 9.9 | −16.0 |
| Majority | | | 61,774 | 27.9 | −3.8 |
| Turnout | | | 229,984 | 36.3 | +2.8 |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Dorset East and Hampshire West | |
| --- | --- |
| European Parliament constituency | |
| European Parliament logo | |
| Member state | United Kingdom |
| Created | 1984 |
| Dissolved | 1994 |
| MEPs | 1 |
| Sources | |
|  | |


abstract: The Department of Home Affairs and Environment was an Australian government department that existed between November 1980 and December 1984.

text:
# Department of Home Affairs and Environment

The **Department of Home Affairs and Environment** was an Australian government department that existed between November 1980 and December 1984.

## Scope

Information about the department's functions and government funding allocation could be found in the Administrative Arrangements Orders, the annual Portfolio Budget Statements and in the Department's annual reports.

According to the National Archives of Australia, at its creation, the Department was responsible for:

* Constitutional development of the Northern Territory of Australia
* Administration of Norfolk Island, the Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, the Territory of Christmas Island, the Coral Sea Islands Territory and the Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands
* Women's affairs
* Support of the arts and letters
* National archives
* National museums
* World expositions
* Leisure, including sport, physical fitness and community recreation
* Environment and conservation.

## Structure

The Department was an Australian Public Service department, staffed by officials who were responsible to the Minister for Home Affairs and Environment.

The Department was headed by a Secretary, initially D.F. McMichael (until 1 February 1984) and then P. Galvin (acting in the role from 1 February 1984, then permanent from 27 July 1984).

## InfoBox

Department of Home Affairs and Environment
| Department overview | |
| --- | --- |
| Formed | 3 November 1980 |
| Preceding Department |  |
| Dissolved | 13 December 1984 |
| Superseding Department |  |
| Jurisdiction | Commonwealth of Australia |
| Headquarters | Canberra |
| Ministers responsible |  |
| Department executives |  |


title: Carbohydrate conformation

abstract: Carbohydrate conformation refers to the overall three-dimensional structure adopted by a carbohydrate (saccharide) molecule as a result of the through-bond and through-space physical forces it experiences arising from its molecular structure. The physical forces that dictate the three-dimensional shapes of all molecules—here, of all monosaccharide, oligosaccharide, and polysaccharide molecules—are sometimes summarily captured by such terms as "steric interactions" and "stereoelectronic effects". Saccharide and other chemical conformations can be reasonably shown using two-dimensional structure representations that follow set conventions; these capture for a trained viewer an understanding of the three-dimensional structure via structure drawings; they are also represented by stereograms on the two dimensional page, and increasingly using 3D display technologies on computer monitors. Formally and quantitatively, conformation is captured by description of a molecule's angles—for example, sets of three sequential atoms and four sequential atoms, where the locations and angular directions of non-bonding lone pair electrons must sometimes also be taken into account. Conformations adopted by saccharide molecules in response to the physical forces arising from their bonding and nonbonding electrons, modified by the molecule's interactions with its aqueous or other solvent environment, strongly influence their reactivity with and recognition by other molecules. Chemical transformations and biological signalling mediated by conformation-dependent molecular recognition between molecules underlie all essential processes in living organisms.

text:
# Carbohydrate conformation

**Carbohydrate conformation** refers to the overall three-dimensional structure adopted by a carbohydrate (saccharide) molecule as a result of the through-bond and through-space physical forces it experiences arising from its molecular structure. The physical forces that dictate the three-dimensional shapes of all molecules—here, of all monosaccharide, oligosaccharide, and polysaccharide molecules—are sometimes summarily captured by such terms as "steric interactions" and "stereoelectronic effects" (see below).

Saccharide and other chemical conformations can be reasonably shown using two-dimensional structure representations that follow set conventions; these capture for a trained viewer an understanding of the three-dimensional structure via structure drawings (see organic chemistry article, and "3D Representations" section in molecular geometry article); they are also represented by stereograms on the two dimensional page, and increasingly using 3D display technologies on computer monitors.

Formally and quantitatively, conformation is captured by description of a molecule's angles—for example, sets of three sequential atoms (bond angles) and four sequential atoms (torsion angles, dihedral angles), where the locations and angular directions of non-bonding lone pair electrons must sometimes also be taken into account.

Conformations adopted by saccharide molecules in response to the physical forces arising from their bonding and nonbonding electrons, modified by the molecule's interactions with its aqueous or other solvent environment, strongly influence their reactivity with and recognition by other molecules (processes which in turn can alter conformation). Chemical transformations and biological signalling mediated by conformation-dependent molecular recognition between molecules underlie all essential processes in living organisms.

## Conformations of carbohydrates

### Monosaccharide conformation

Pyranose and furanose forms can exist in different conformers and one can interconvert between the different conformations if an energy requirement is met. For the furanose system there are two possible conformers: twist (T) and envelope (E). In the pyranose system five conformers are possible: chair (C), boat (B), skew (S), half-chair (H) or envelope (E). In all cases there are four or more atoms that make up a plane. In order to define which atoms are above and below the plane one must orient the molecule so that the atoms are numbered clockwise when looking from the top. Atoms above the plane are prefixed as a superscript and atoms below the plane are suffixed as a subscript. If the ring oxygen is above or below the plane it must be prefixed or suffixed appropriately.

#### Conformational analysis

The chair conformation of six-membered rings have a dihedral angle of 60° between adjacent substituents thus usually making it the most stable conformer. Since there are two possible chair conformation steric and stereoelectronic effects such as the anomeric effect, 1,3-diaxial interactions, dipoles and intramolecular hydrogen bonding must be taken into consideration when looking at relative energies. Conformations with 1,3-diaxial interactions are usually disfavored due to steric congestion and can shift equilibrium to the other chair form (example: 1C4 to 4C1). The size of the substituents greatly affects this equilibrium. However, intramolecular hydrogen bonding can be an example of a stabilizing 1,3-diaxial interaction. Dipoles also play a role in conformer stability, aligned dipoles lead to an increase in energy while opposed dipoles lead to a lowering of energy hence a stabilizing effect, this can be complicated by solvent effects. Polar solvents tend to stabilize aligned dipoles. All interaction must be taken into account when determining a preferred conformation.

Conformations of five-membered rings are limited to two, envelope and twist. The envelope conformation has four atoms in a plane while the twist form only has three. In the envelope form two different scenarios can be envisioned; one where the ring oxygen is in the four atom plane and one where it is puckered above or below the plane. When the ring oxygen is not in the plane the substituents eclipse and when it is in the plane torsional strain is relieved. Conformational analysis for the twist form is similar thus leading to the two forms being very close in energy.

Anomers are diastereoisomers of glycosides, hemiacetals or related cyclic forms of sugars, or related molecules differing in configuration only at C-1. When the stereochemistry of the first carbon matches the stereochemistry of the last stereogenic center the sugar is the α-anomer when they are opposite the sugar is the β-anomer.

#### Anomeric effect

Anomers can be interconverted through a process known as mutarotation. The anomeric effect more accurately called the *endo*-anomeric effect is the propensity for heteroatoms at C-1 to be oriented axially. This is counter intuitive as one would expect the equatorially anomer to be the thermodynamic product. This effect has been rationalized through dipole–dipole repulsion and n–σ\* arguments.

#### Reverse anomeric effect

The reverse anomeric effect, proposed in 1965 by R. U. Lemieux, is the tendency for electropositive groups at the anomeric position to be oriented equatorially. Original publication reported this phenomenon with *N*-(2,3,4,6-tetra-*O*-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-4-methylpyridinium bromide. However, further studies have shown the effect to be a solvation and steric issue. It is accepted that there is no generalized reverse anomeric effect.

#### Hydroxymethyl conformation

Rotation around the C-5/C-6 bond is described by the angle *ω*. Three possible staggered conformations are possible:: *gauche**trans* (*gt*), *gauche**gauche* (*gg*), and *trans**gauche* (*tg*). The name indicates the interaction between O-5 and OH-6 first followed by the interaction between OH-6 and C-4.

### Oligosaccaharide conformation

In addition to the factors affecting monosaccharide residues, conformational analysis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides requires consideration additional factors.

#### The *exo*-anomeric effect

The *exo*-anomeric effect is similar to the *endo*-anomeric effect. The difference being that the lone pair being donated is coming from the substituent at C-1. However, since the substituent can be either axial or equatorial there are two types of *exo*-anomeric effects, one from axial glycosides and one from equatorial glycosides as long as the donating orbital is anti-periplanar to the accepting orbital.

#### Glycosidic torsion angles

Three angles are described by *φ*, *ψ* and *ω* (in the case of glycosidic linkages via O-6). Steric considerations and anomeric effects need to be taken into consideration when looking at preferred angles.

### Conformations in solution

In solution, reducing monosaccharides exist in equilibrium between their acyclic and cyclic forms with less than 1% in the acyclic form. The open chain form can close to give the pyranose and furanose with both the α- and β-anomers present for each. The equilibrium population of conformers depends on their relative energies which can be determined to a rough approximation using steric and stereoelectronic arguments. It has been shown that cations in solution can shift the equilibrium.


title: Vauter's Church

abstract: Vauter's Church, also known as Vauter's Episcopal Church, is a historic Episcopal church located at Loretto, Essex County, Virginia. It was built in 1719, and is a one-story, T-shaped brick building with a gable roof. The south wing was added in 1731. Vauter's is the upper Church of St. Anne's Parish. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

text:
# Vauter's Church

**Vauter's Church**, also known as Vauter's Episcopal Church, is a historic Episcopal church located at Loretto, Essex County, Virginia. It was built in 1719, and is a one-story, T-shaped brick building with a gable roof. The south wing was added in 1731. Vauter's is the upper Church of St. Anne's Parish.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Vauter's Church | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Virginia Landmarks Register | |
|  | |
| Vauter's Episcopal Church | |
|  | |
| Location | 1 mi. NW of Loretto on U.S. 17, Loretto, Virginia |
| Coordinates | 38°5′12″N 77°04′07″W / 38.08667°N 77.06861°W / 38.08667; -77.06861 |
| Area | 10 acres (4.0 ha) |
| Built | 1719 (1719), 1731 |
| Architectural style | Colonial |
| NRHP reference No. | 72001391 |
| VLR No. | 028-0042 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | December 5, 1972 |
| Designated VLR | August 15, 1972 |


title: Settee (sail)

abstract: The settee sail was a lateen sail with the front corner cut off, giving it a quadrilateral shape. The settee sail requires a shorter yard than does the lateen, and both settee and lateen have shorter masts than square-rigged sails.

text:
# Settee (sail)

The **settee** sail was a lateen sail with the front corner cut off, giving it a quadrilateral shape. The settee sail requires a shorter yard than does the lateen, and both settee and lateen have shorter masts than square-rigged sails.

## History of the sail form

It can be traced back to Greco-Roman navigation in the Mediterranean in late antiquity; the oldest evidence is from a late-5th-century AD ship mosaic at Kelenderis, Cilicia. It lasted well into the 20th century as a common sail on Arab dhows.

## Settee (boat)

Settees (or *saëtia*) then were a sharp-prowed, single-decked merchant sailing vessel found in the Mediterranean (more in the Levant than in the Western Mediterranean), in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Spaniards also used them in the New World.

Settees had two lateen-rigged masts, like xebecs or galleys, but carrying settee sails. They sailed well to windward and could sail downwind. Some polaccas carried a settee sail, giving rise to the polacca-settee (or polacre-settee).

Between the 1880s and the 1960s, Gozo boats had a settee rig.

## Sources


title: Chittoorkavu Devi Temple

abstract: Chitturkavu Devi Temple is a Hindu temple in Kerala, India, located in the township boundary of Chittur municipality about 15 km from Palakkad city. The eastern side of the ghat is known as ‘ Kongan Nadu'. At a remote time in the history of Malabar, the Kongan army entered Chittur through the mountain pass and a fierce fight followed. In the fight the people of Chittur, with the help of Chittur Goddess could defeat the Kongans. To commemorate the event every year ‘Konganpada' festival is celebrated at the Chitturkavu temple. The goddess Durga in her formidable form is the main deity of the temple. ‘Chanthattom' is the important ritualistic offering of the goddess and as a result of the incessant offering, the idol had turned in to deep black. The legend about the divine birth of Devi Kali is as follows:- Daruka was a wicked demon. He conquered the three worlds with the miraculous boon that he obtained from Brahma. The Devas suffered much due to continual torment of the demon. Consequently, Lord Siva became angry and out of his fire of anger there existed the goddess Kali, who was entrusted with the work of killing the demon Daruka. Queen Daruki was the wife of demon and the queen of Forest And she was a devotee of Devi Parvati. The demon shumbh and nishumbha insist to Daruka to insist Queen Daruki to call Devi Kali when queen Daruki called Devi Parvati with her devotion. Then Kali got angry with king Darukas behaviour towards women and killed him in spite of his wife's request to forgive him but he got killed as he has insulted the women. From this instance demon shumbh and nishumbha ran away.

text:
# Chittoorkavu Devi Temple

**Chitturkavu Devi Temple** is a Hindu temple in Kerala, India, located in the township boundary of Chittur municipality about 15 km from Palakkad city. The eastern side of the ghat is known as ‘ Kongan Nadu'. At a remote time in the history of Malabar, the Kongan army entered Chittur through the mountain pass and a fierce fight followed. In the fight the people of Chittur, with the help of Chittur Goddess could defeat the Kongans. To commemorate the event every year ‘Konganpada' festival is celebrated at the Chitturkavu temple. The goddess Durga in her formidable form is the main deity of the temple. ‘Chanthattom' is the important ritualistic offering of the goddess and as a result of the incessant offering, the idol had turned in to deep black.

The legend about the divine birth of Devi Kali is as follows:- Daruka was a wicked demon. He conquered the three worlds with the miraculous boon that he obtained from Brahma. The Devas suffered much due to continual torment of the demon. Consequently, Lord Siva became angry and out of his fire of anger there existed the goddess Kali, who was entrusted with the work of killing the demon Daruka. Queen Daruki was the wife of demon and the queen of Forest And she was a devotee of Devi Parvati. The demon shumbh and nishumbha insist to Daruka to insist Queen Daruki to call Devi Kali ( they don't even know Parvati itself is Kali ) when queen Daruki called Devi Parvati with her devotion. Then Kali got angry with king Darukas behaviour towards women and killed him in spite of his wife's request to forgive him but he got killed as he has insulted the women. From this instance demon shumbh and nishumbha ran away.

## InfoBox

| Chittoorkavu Devi Temple | |
| --- | --- |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Hinduism |
| District | Palakkad |
| Deity | Durga |
| Festivals | Konganpada |
| Location | |
| Location | Chittur |
| State | Kerala |
| Country | India |
| Devi Temple, Chittur, Palakkad, Kerala | |
| Geographic coordinates | 10°42′13″N 76°44′19″E / 10.7036°N 76.7387°E / 10.7036; 76.7387 |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Architecture of Kerala |
| Specifications | |
| Temple(s) | One |
| Elevation | 150.18 m (493 ft) |


title: Chamilly

abstract: Chamilly is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

text:
# Chamilly

**Chamilly** is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

## InfoBox

| Chamilly | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The chateau in Chamilly | |
|  | |
| Location of Chamilly | |
| ChamillyChamilly | |
| Coordinates: 46°52′06″N 4°41′05″E / 46.8683°N 4.6847°E / 46.8683; 4.6847 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Saône-et-Loire |
| Arrondissement | Chalon-sur-Saône |
| Canton | Chagny |
| Intercommunality | CA Le Grand Chalon |
| Area**1** | 4.7 km2 (1.8 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 147 |
| Density | 31/km2 (81/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 71078 /71510 |
| Elevation | 304–451 m (997–1,480 ft)
(avg. 336 m or 1,102 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Chang Chun-yen (education scholar)

abstract: Chang Chun-yen, is a science education scholar in Taiwan. Currently, Chang serves as National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU) Chair Professor, director of Science Education Center (NTNU), as well as a professor of the Graduate Institute of Science Education and the Department of Earth Sciences. From August 2013 to February 2014, Chang has been to Paris 8 University (France) for 6-month research, funded by National Science Council (NSC) Short-term Abroad Research Program. This research attempts to explore the usability and feasibility of how innovative e—technologies can be implemented in science classrooms. In the past two years, Dr. Chang has also been a visiting professor at the Hong Kong Institute of Education, Paris 8 University, and the Taipei Medical University.

text:
# Chang Chun-yen (education scholar)

**Chang Chun-yen** (Chinese: 張俊彥; pinyin: *Zhāng Jùnyàn*; born 29 September 1967), is a science education scholar in Taiwan. Currently, Chang serves as National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU) Chair Professor, director of Science Education Center (NTNU), as well as a professor of the Graduate Institute of Science Education and the Department of Earth Sciences. From August 2013 to February 2014, Chang has been to Paris 8 University (France) for 6-month research, funded by National Science Council (NSC) Short-term Abroad Research Program. This research attempts to explore the usability and feasibility of how innovative e—technologies can be implemented in science classrooms. In the past two years, Dr. Chang has also been a visiting professor at the Hong Kong Institute of Education, Paris 8 University, and the Taipei Medical University.

## Areas of expertise

Chang's expertise includes science education, digital learning, interdisciplinary science learning, and science communication. There are six major research fields: instructional models and learning outcomes, problem-solving abilities and automated grading system, science learning environment, curriculum standards and the goal of science education, mechanism behind science learning, teacher education and technology-embedded teaching.

## Activities

Currently, Chang is the associate editor of the *Journal of Research in Science Teaching* and *Journal of Geosciences Education*. He is also on the editorial board of three SSCI-level journals: *Studies in Science Education* (science education) and *Learning, Media & Technology*  (instructional technology), and *Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education* (science education). He used to be the referee of professorship promotion for Texas A&M University, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Michigan, University of Alaska at Anchorage, and the Hong Kong Institute of Education, as well as a Ph.D. dissertation committee member in Australia.

During recent years, Chang has been invited to give speeches in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Sweden, China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Turkey, Philippines, Oman, and the India.

Chang has been a long-term member of the International Earth Science Olympiad Advisory Committee. In 2009, Dr. Chang hosted the 3rd IESO in Taiwan. Dr. Chang has been Taiwan IESO Organizing Project Director since 2007, responsible for nurturing Taiwan's top high-school students in earth science. Nurtured students from Taiwan have been awarded gold medal for seven years in a row.

Since 1998, Chang has participated more than 40 National Science Council projects, and serves as a long-term project reviewer of the NSC's Department of Science Education. From 2011, Chang has been the Project Director of Center of Research Excellence in Science Education (CRESE) of the Aim for the Top University Project at NTNU. As a representative of NTNU's of Science Education Center, Chang also joined the European Union's Open Science Resources project, one of the two subprojects for non-EU areas and review research projects by Israel Science Foundation, South Korea's National Research Foundation, and Estonian Research Council.

From 2015, Chang has been the Expert Panel Member/Academic Consultant of the NMC Horizon Report(2015 K-12 Edition), China National Assessment of Education Quality, and The Hong Kong Institute of Education.

## Media appearances

* 2012: Exclusive interview by Business Today; titled " Invoke More Curiosity! NTNU Help Create Next Einstein" published on Issue 801.
* 2009: Exclusive interview by New Scientist, titled "Gene for memory and IQ gives students low grades"
* 2009: A series TV programs about the 50 Great Achievements of NSC by EBC and CtiTV.
* 2005 & 2006: Dr. Chang's series of research on science learning environments, published in Science Education in 2005 and 2006; reported in the section of “Taiwanese New Discovery,” of the Science Development Journal in 2007.

Chang, along with Prof. Ting-Kuang Yeh and other researchers, published one COMT research paper on Brain & Cognition. As a pioneering study in Taiwan, this research is also the first study in the world analyzing and exploring the relationship between students' genes and their learning achievements. As soon as this study was published, another online report was published in the *New Scientist*, followed by a detailed report by The New York Times Magazine in Feb. 2013.

## Academic background

## Professional employment

* NTNU Chair Professor, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Taiwan (August 2013 to present)
* Adjunct Professor, Graduate Institute of Science Education and the Department of Earth Sciences, NTNU, Taiwan (August 2008 to present)
* Director, Science Education Center, NTNU, Taiwan (August 2006 to present)
* Visiting professor, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan (August 2012 to present)
* Associate editor, *Journal of Research in Science Teaching* (January 2015 to present)
* Associate editor, *Journal of Geoscience Education* (April 2009 to present)
* Editorial Advisory Board member, *Studies in Science Education* (2013 to present)
* Editorial Board Member, *Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education* (2005 to present)
* Editorial Board Member, *Learning, Media & Technology* (2001 to present)
* Advisory Board Member, Korean National Curriculum Reform committee (May 2014 to present)
* President, The Association of Science Education in Taiwan (2010–2012)
* Senior Research Fellow, Center for Science and Mathematics Education Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX (USA) (January 2005 to July 2005)

## Professional awards

* 2013: Academic Award of Ministry of Education (Social Sciences) & National Science Council Award for Excellent Contributions in Technology Transfer
* 2003, 2009, 2012: Outstanding Research Award of the National Science Council
* 2008: “Science 50”─ Scientific Achievements of the National Science Council 50th Anniversary (Science Education): Only 50 of the most remarkable scientific achievements were selected in celebration of NSC 50th Anniversary". Dr. Chang's research on “The ability to solve science problems and opening automatic evaluation system for science study and examination,” was chosen for this award.
* 2007: Listed in Marquis Who's Who in the World (24th-27th Editions), Who's Who in Science and Engineering (10th and 11th Edition), Who's Who in America (2009), and Special 30th Pearl Anniversary Edition of Who's Who in the World (2013).

## InfoBox

| Chang Chun-yen | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1967-09-29) 29 September 1967 |
| Nationality | Republic of China |
| Education | University of Texas at Austin, National Taiwan Normal University |
| Occupation | Science education scholar |
| Known for | Science education, E-learning, Interdisciplinary science learning, Science Communication |


title: Ray Weeks

abstract: Raymond Thomas Weeks, known as "Ray", was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Warwickshire between 1950 and 1957 and took 94 wickets with his left-arm spin bowling in the County Championship winning season of 1951. He was born and died at Camborne, Cornwall. Weeks played in Minor Counties cricket for Cornwall from 1947. Recruited by Warwickshire for a trial period in 1950, he took five Cambridge University wickets in the first innings of his first match for 42 runs. He was a regular member of the Championship-winning team of 1951 and the junior spinner to the long-established Eric Hollies; he was awarded his county cap for his contribution to the county's success that year. He bowled more than 1000 overs in the season and conceded only just over 2000 runs, and his 94 wickets came at a bowling average of 21.75. His best bowling figures of the season, which were also the best of his first-class career, were uncharacteristically expensive: he took seven for 70 against Nottinghamshire, the wickets and runs coming in just 12.4 overs. Unlike Hollies, whose batting was all but non-existent, Weeks made occasional useful runs as well, and he passed 50 once, an innings of 51 again in the 1951 season, against the Combined Services. Weeks was not, however, able to sustain his 1951 form into other seasons. He played regularly through most of the 1952 season, but his wicket tally dropped by almost a half to 48 and the cost of them rose; he was dropped from the team halfway through the 1953 season. Eight of his 24 wickets in the 1953 season came in two matches he played for the Marylebone Cricket Club, his only first-class games that were not for Warwickshire. He played only in Warwickshire's non-Championship matches in 1954, There was a small return to form and favour in 1955 and 1956, but his wickets were costing more than 30 runs apiece, and after a single game in 1957 he left the Warwickshire staff. From 1960 to 1965, Weeks appeared again in Minor Counties matches for Cornwall, often batting in the middle order as well as bowling; all 17 games that he played in this period were home matches, and he did not play any of Cornwall's fixtures outside Cornwall.

text:
# Ray Weeks

**Raymond Thomas Weeks**, known as "Ray", (30 April 1930 – 2 December 2013) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Warwickshire between 1950 and 1957 and took 94 wickets with his left-arm spin bowling in the County Championship winning season of 1951. He was born and died at Camborne, Cornwall.

Weeks played in Minor Counties cricket for Cornwall from 1947. Recruited by Warwickshire for a trial period in 1950, he took five Cambridge University wickets in the first innings of his first match for 42 runs. He was a regular member of the Championship-winning team of 1951 and the junior spinner to the long-established Eric Hollies; he was awarded his county cap for his contribution to the county's success that year. He bowled more than 1000 overs in the season and conceded only just over 2000 runs, and his 94 wickets came at a bowling average of 21.75. His best bowling figures of the season, which were also the best of his first-class career, were uncharacteristically expensive: he took seven for 70 against Nottinghamshire, the wickets and runs coming in just 12.4 overs. Unlike Hollies, whose batting was all but non-existent, Weeks made occasional useful runs as well, and he passed 50 once, an innings of 51 again in the 1951 season, against the Combined Services.

Weeks was not, however, able to sustain his 1951 form into other seasons. He played regularly through most of the 1952 season, but his wicket tally dropped by almost a half to 48 and the cost of them rose; he was dropped from the team halfway through the 1953 season. Eight of his 24 wickets in the 1953 season came in two matches he played for the Marylebone Cricket Club, his only first-class games that were not for Warwickshire. He played only in Warwickshire's non-Championship matches in 1954, There was a small return to form and favour in 1955 and 1956, but his wickets were costing more than 30 runs apiece, and after a single game in 1957 he left the Warwickshire staff.

From 1960 to 1965, Weeks appeared again in Minor Counties matches for Cornwall, often batting in the middle order as well as bowling; all 17 games that he played in this period were home matches, and he did not play any of Cornwall's fixtures outside Cornwall.

## InfoBox

Ray Weeks
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Raymond Thomas Weeks |
| Born | (1930-04-30)30 April 1930
Camborne, Cornwall, England |
| Died | 2 December 2013(2013-12-02) (aged 83)
Camborne, Cornwall, England |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Left-arm orthodox spin |
| Role | Bowler |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1950–57 | Warwickshire |
|  | |
| First-class debut | 21 June 1950 Warwickshire v Cambridge University |
| Last First-class | 7 May 1957 Warwickshire v Worcestershire |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition FC  Matches 107  Runs scored 1051  Batting average 10.00  100s/50s –/1  Top score 51  Balls bowled 17476  Wickets 236  Bowling average 26.26  5 wickets in innings 8  10 wickets in match   Best bowling 7/70  Catches/stumpings 42/– | |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 16 August 2015 | |


title: Dorset County Division

abstract: The Dorset County Division was formed on 24 February 1941. However it did not take over operational commitments from Southern Area until March 10 and it did not finally assume command of its allocated infantry brigades until 24 April. It only had a short existence, being reduced to an administrative headquarters on 24 November at midday. The whole headquarters was disbanded on 31 December.

text:
# Dorset County Division

The **Dorset County Division** was formed on 24 February 1941. However it did not take over operational commitments from Southern Area until March 10 and it did not finally assume command of its allocated infantry brigades until 24 April. It only had a short existence, being reduced to an administrative headquarters on 24 November at midday. The whole headquarters was disbanded on 31 December.

## Divisional history

### Background

In 1940, following the Second World War's Battle of France, the United Kingdom was under threat of invasion from Nazi Germany. During the summer, the Battle of Britain dampened this threat. As the year progressed, the size of the British Army increased dramatically as 140 new infantry battalions were raised. During October, with the possibility of a German invasion during 1941, these new battalions were formed into independent infantry brigades that were then assigned to newly created County Divisions (a total of nine such formations were raised).

The County Divisions, including the Dorset County Division, were around 10,000 men strong and assigned to defend the coastlines of threatened sections of the country, including the manning of coastal artillery. These divisions were largely static, lacking mobility as well as divisional assets such as artillery, engineers, and reconnaissance forces. Using the recruits in this manner allowed the regular infantry divisions to be freed up from such duties, undertake training, and form an all-important reserve that could be used to counterattack any possible German landing.

### Service

The division was formed on 24 February 1941, however it did not take command of any troops until 24 April. Major-General G. I. Gartlan was given command of the division, and it comprised the 210th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home) and 226th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home). The Imperial War Museum comments that the division insignia was "adapted from the arms of Dorchester and the County Council."

The division was assigned to V Corps, and spread out across the western coast of Dorset. Across the county line to the west was the Devon and Cornwall County Division, and likewise to the east was the Hampshire County Division. In reserve, held back from the beaches as a counterattack force, was the 48th (South Midland) Infantry Division to the northwest between the Dorset and the Devon and Cornwall divisions, and the 3rd Infantry Division to the northeast between the Dorset and Hampshire divisions.

### Demise

On 22 June 1941, Germany launched a massive attack upon the Soviet Union; this attack all but removed the threat of a German invasion of the United Kingdom. However, the British still had to consider the threat of a German invasion due to the possibility that the Soviet Union could collapse under the German onslaught and the ease in which Germany could transfer troops back to the west. In late 1941, the arrival of autumn and winter weather meant that the threat of invasion subsided. This, coupled with the production of new equipment for the British army, allowed the War Office to begin steps to better balance the army due to the large number of infantry units formed during the preceding year and a half. As part of this reform, the County Divisions were disbanded. The 140 recently raised battalions were, on the whole, transferred to other arms of the British Army to be retrained, primarily within the Royal Artillery or the Royal Armoured Corps.

## General officer commanding

Commanders included:

| Appointed | General officer commanding |
| --- | --- |
| 24 February 1941 | Major-General G. I. Gartlan |

## Order of battle

### Footnotes

### Citations

1. Fraser 1999, p. 83.
2. Perry 1988, p. 53.
3. Forty 2013, County Divisions.
4. Churchill & Gilbert 2001, p. 1321.
5. Joslen 2003, p. 108.
6. Messenger 1994, p. 61.
7. Joslen 2003, pp. 373, 389.
8. "Badge, formation, Dorset County Division". *Imperial War Museum*. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
9. Joslen 2003, p. 109.
10. Collier 1957, p. 229.
11. Goldstein & McKercher 2003, p. 274.
12. Perry 1988, p. 65.
13. Perry 1988, pp. 53–54.
14. Joslen 2003, p. 373.
15. Joslen 2003, p. 389.

## InfoBox

| Dorset County Division | |
| --- | --- |
| The shoulder insignia of the division | |
| Active | 24 February 1941 –31 December 1941 |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Branch | British Army |
| Type | Static Infantry |
| Role | Home defence |
| Size | 10,000 men |


title: Department of Telecommunications

abstract: The Department of Telecommunications, abbreviated to DoT, is a department of the Ministry of Communications of the executive branch of the Government of India.

text:
# Department of Telecommunications

The **Department of Telecommunications**, abbreviated to **DoT**, is a department of the Ministry of Communications of the executive branch of the Government of India.

## History

Telecom services have been recognized the world-over as an important tool for socio-economic development for a nation and hence telecom infrastructure is treated as a crucial factor to realize the socio-economic objectives in India. Accordingly, the Department of Telecom has been formulating developmental policies for the accelerated growth of the telecommunication services. The department is also responsible for grant of licenses for various telecom services like Unified Access Service Internet and VSAT service. The department is also responsible for frequency management in the field of radio communication in close coordination with the international bodies. It also enforces wireless regulatory measures by monitoring wireless transmission of all users in the country.

## Services

## Statutory Bodies

## Attached Offices

## Subordinate Offices

## Field Offices

## Autonomous Bodies

## Training Institutes

## Specialised Units

The following units function under the DoT:

## Central Public Sector Undertakings

**Central Civil Services**

**Central Engineering Services**

## InfoBox

Department of Telecommunications (DoT)
| Parent Agency - Ministry of Communications | |
| --- | --- |
| Department of Telecommunications | |
| Department overview | |
| Formed | 1985 (1985) |
| Jurisdiction | Government of India |
| Headquarters | New Delhi, India |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Deputy Minister responsible |  |
| Department executive | * Neeraj Mittal, IAS |
| Parent department | Ministry of Communications |
| Website | www.dot.gov.in |


title: Carbohydrate counting

abstract: Carbohydrate counting or "carb" counting is a meal planning tool used in diabetes management to help optimize blood sugar control. It can be used with or without the use of insulin therapy. Carbohydrate counting involves determining whether a food item has carbohydrate followed by the subsequent determination of how much carbohydrate the food item has in it.

text:
# Carbohydrate counting

**Carbohydrate counting** or **"carb" counting** is a meal planning tool used in diabetes management to help optimize blood sugar control. It can be used with or without the use of insulin therapy. Carbohydrate counting involves determining whether a food item has carbohydrate followed by the subsequent determination of how much carbohydrate the food item has in it.

## What is carbohydrate?

Carbohydrate is one of three major macronutrients found in food. The other major macronutrients are protein and fat. Carbohydrate in its simplest form is known as glucose and can contribute to a rise in blood sugar. In people with diabetes, the body's ability to keep blood sugar at a normal level is impaired. Dietary management of carbohydrate consumed is one tool used to help optimize blood sugar levels.

## Carbohydrate content of foods

Carbohydrate is found in a number of foods including fruits, starchy vegetables (such as peas, potatoes, and corn), grains, milk and yogurt, legumes, and desserts. In general, foods such as meat, eggs, cheese, fats, and non-starchy vegetables (such as greens and broccoli) have little to no carbohydrate. Other foods free of carbohydrate include small quantities of certain condiments, unsweetened coffee and tea, and sugar free sodas.

Carbohydrate content of foods is listed on the Nutrition Facts panel as "total carbohydrate". Some food labels will list specific types of carbohydrate, such as "fiber, sugar, or other carbohydrate". With carbohydrate counting, the "total carbohydrate" is used as the carbohydrate amount. Carbohydrate counting can be done by either adding up grams of total carbohydrate or adding "carbohydrate units". A **carbohydrate unit** is simply 15 g of carbohydrate.

## How it is used

Carbohydrate counting can be used with or without insulin therapy.

### Without insulin

When carbohydrate counting is used without insulin, it can be used as a tool to manage blood sugar levels. A certain number of carbohydrate grams or carbohydrate units is consumed with each meal and with each snack. In keeping the carbohydrate at a certain level, the blood sugar is able to remain within a normal level. The American Diabetes Association recommends starting at around 45–60 carbohydrate grams (3–4 carb units) at each meal, with potential to increase or decrease that amount.

### With insulin

Carbohydrate counting may be used with either a fixed insulin dosage or with a more flexible insulin dosage. Carb counting for fixed insulin dosage is done in the same manner as carbohydrate counting without insulin. The only difference is that insulin is administered with the meal. With more flexible insulin dosage, the insulin is administered in regards to the amount of carbohydrate consumed. The insulin amount will vary based on the amount of carbohydrates consumed.


title: Far North Bicentennial Park

abstract: The Far North Bicentennial Park is the largest park in Anchorage, in U.S. state of Alaska, and has over 1 million annual visitors. The park contains the Hilltop Ski Area, the Alaska Botanical Garden, over 100 miles of multi-use trails, and access to Chugach State Park. In 2018 a rodeo cow escaped into the park. The cow has not been recovered but has been spotted by park visitors.

text:
# Far North Bicentennial Park

The **Far North Bicentennial Park** is the largest park in Anchorage, in U.S. state of Alaska, and has over 1 million annual visitors. The park contains the Hilltop Ski Area, the Alaska Botanical Garden, over 100 miles of multi-use trails, and access to Chugach State Park.

In 2018 a rodeo cow escaped into the park. The cow has not been recovered but has been spotted by park visitors.

61°09′29″N 149°45′40″W / 61.158°N 149.761°W / 61.158; -149.761

## InfoBox

| Far North Bicentennial Park | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Anchorage, Alaska, United States |


title: Shag Reef

abstract: Shag Reef, part of the Sister Islands Conservation Area, is a small granite island, with an area of 1.24 hectares located in Bass Strait, Tasmania, Australia.

text:
# Shag Reef

**Shag Reef**, part of the Sister Islands Conservation Area, is a small granite island, with an area of 1.24 hectares (3.1 acres) located in Bass Strait, Tasmania, Australia.

## Location and features

The Shag Reef is located north of Flinders Island in the Furneaux Group. The island has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports over 1% of the world population of black-faced cormorants, with 500-600 individual birds. As well as the cormorants, seabirds and waders recorded as breeding on the island include silver and Pacific gulls, Caspian terns and sooty oystercatchers.

## InfoBox

Shag Reef
| The island is an important site for black-faced cormorants | |
| --- | --- |
| Shag Reef | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Tasmania, Australia |
| Adjacent to | Bass Strait |
| Major islands | Tasmania |
| Area | 0.0124 km2 (0.0048 sq mi) |
| Administration | |
| **Australia** | |


title: Chinese Baptist Church

abstract: Chinese Baptist Church is a historic Baptist church building at 925 S. King Street in Seattle, Washington. It was constructed in a Late Gothic Revival style and was dedicated on October 12, 1922. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The congregation of Chinese Baptist Church broke ground on their new location at 5801 Beacon Ave S., Seattle, WA on January 24, 1975, and dedicated the building on April 3, 1977.

text:
# Chinese Baptist Church

**Chinese Baptist Church** is a historic Baptist church building at 925 S. King Street in Seattle, Washington. It was constructed in a Late Gothic Revival style and was dedicated on October 12, 1922. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The congregation of Chinese Baptist Church broke ground on their new location at 5801 Beacon Ave S., Seattle, WA on January 24, 1975, and dedicated the building on April 3, 1977.

## History

The church had its origin in the late nineteenth century, when the First Baptist Church of Seattle established missionary churches for several of the ethnic groups of foreign laborers in the area, including a Scandinavian Baptist Church (1883) and a Japanese Baptist Church (1899). A Committee on Chinese Work was established in 1892. It conducted a school and worship services in a house at 5th and Yesler, then moved to a larger building in the Chinese district. In 1902 funds were raised to construct a church at Washington and Maynard streets. No longer a "mission church" dependent on its sponsor, from that point on the church had Chinese pastors and was admitted to the Western Washington Baptist Convention. The church served as a focal point for the Chinese American community until 1977, when the congregation moved to a larger facility in Beacon Hill. The building is now the home of the Chinese Southern Baptist Church.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Chinese Baptist Church | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 925 S. King St., Seattle, Washington |
| Coordinates | 47°35′54″N 122°19′7″W / 47.59833°N 122.31861°W / 47.59833; -122.31861 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1922 |
| Architect | Schack, Young & Meyers |
| Architectural style | Late Gothic Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 86002094 |
| Added to NRHP | July 31, 1986 |


title: Ben Zion Solomon

abstract: Ben Zion Solomon is an American-born Israeli musician, best known as a founding member of the seminal Jewish rock group Diaspora Yeshiva Band, for whom he played fiddle and banjo from 1975 to 1983. A disciple of Shlomo Carlebach, Solomon and his family were among the first residents of Carlebach's moshav, Mevo Modi'im. His sons later founded the bands Moshav, Soulfarm, and Hamakor.

text:
# Ben Zion Solomon

**Ben Zion Solomon** is an American-born Israeli musician, best known as a founding member of the seminal Jewish rock group Diaspora Yeshiva Band, for whom he played fiddle and banjo from 1975 to 1983. A disciple of Shlomo Carlebach, Solomon and his family were among the first residents of Carlebach's moshav, Mevo Modi'im. His sons later founded the bands Moshav, Soulfarm, and Hamakor.

## Background

Solomon graduated from Berklee College of Music, where he studied music history.

While living in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury neighborhood in the early 1970s, Solomon attended gatherings at The House of Love and Prayer. There, he met the shul's founder, Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach, who convinced him to move to Israel.

## Career

### Diaspora Yeshiva Band

Solomon attended the Diaspora Yeshiva and co-founded the Diaspora Yeshiva Band in 1975 with fellow students Avraham Rosenblum, Simcha Abramson, Ruby Harris, Adam Wexler, and Gedalia Goldstein. Playing a mix of rock and bluegrass with Jewish lyrics, the group was highly influential in Jewish music and recorded six albums before disbanding in 1983.

### Ben Zion Solomon and Sons

Solomon recorded three albums with his children under the name Ben Zion Solomon and Sons. They played alongside Reva L'Sheva at Binyanei HaUmah in 1998 to commemorate Carlebach's fourth *yartzheit*. They returned to the venue in 2012 for another Carlebach tribute concert, this time joined by Yehudah Katz, Chaim-Dovid Saracik, Shlomo Katz, and Aharon Razel.

## Family and personal life

Solomon met his wife, Dina, while living in California. Prior to meeting Carlebach, they were hippies and lived on a commune in northern California. Dina is currently a caterer and nutritionist and published the cookbook *Wild Figs for Breakfast*.

The Solomons were among the first families to settle in Carlebach's moshav Mevo Modi'im upon its establishment in 1976, handpicked by Carlebach himself. Actor Eric Anderson stayed at their house for Shabbat as preparation to play Carlebach in the Broadway musical *Soul Doctor*.

Several of Solomon's sons have become prominent Jewish musicians: Noah Solomon co-founded Soulfarm with C Lanzbom; Yehuda, Yosef, and Meir Solomon formed the Moshav Band with fellow Mevo Modi'im resident Duvid Swirsky; and Nachman Solomon formed Hamakor. Nachman, Yosef, and Sruli Solomon also perform together as the Solomon Brothers Band.

## Discography

### Solo albums

* *Now and Then* (2006)

### With Diaspora Yeshiva Band

* *The Diaspora Yeshiva Band* (1976)
* *Melave Malka with the Diaspora Yeshiva Band* (1977)
* *At the Gate of Return* (1978)
* *Live From King David's Tomb* (1980)
* *Land of Our Fathers* (1981)
* *Diaspora Live on Mt. Zion* (1982)
* *Live at Carnegie Hall* (1992)
* *The Diaspora Collection* (2000)

### With Shlomo Carlebach

* *Nachamu Nachamu Ami* (1983) (producer, mandolin, violin)

### With Ben Zion Solomon and Sons

* *Give Me Harmony: Songs of R' Shlomo Carlebach* (1996)
* *L'Chu N'ran'noh* (2000)
* *Nishmas Kol Chai* (2002)

### Breslov albums and songbooks

Solomon has produced, researched, and performed on several albums of traditional melodies for the Breslov Research Institute.

* *Shabbat Vol. 1 - Azamer Bishvochin*  (1986)
* *Shabbat Vol. 2 - Me'eyn Olam Haba* (1986)
* *Simcha Vol. 1 - Ashreinu* (1987)
* *Simcha Vol. 2 - Plioh* (1988)
* *Shabbat Vol. 3 - Asader Lis'udoso* (1990)
* *Simcha Vol. 3 - Kochvei Boker* (1993)
* *Shabbat Vol. 4 - B'nei Heicholo* (2007)
* *Shabbat Vol. 5 - B'Moitso'ei Yoim M'nuchoh* (2011)

## InfoBox

| Ben Zion Solomon | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | San Francisco, California |
| Origin | Mevo Modi'im, Israel |
| Genres | Jewish rock, folk |
| Occupation(s) | Singer, songwriter, producer, multi-instrumentalist, musicologist |
| Instrument(s) | Vocals, violin, banjo, mandolin, guitar, trumpet |
| Years active | 1975-present |


abstract: The Rider on the White Horse is 1978 German film directed by Alfred Weidenmann.

text:
# The Rider on the White Horse (1978 film)

***The Rider on the White Horse*** (also known as *Der Schimmelreiter*) is 1978 German film directed by Alfred Weidenmann.

## Plot

## Background

The film is the second of the three German film adaptations of *The Rider on the White Horse* by Theodor Storm. Weidenmann’s version is noted for its emphasis on issues of the time and its use of comparatively more fantasy features.

## Analysis

The *Lexikon des Internationalen Films* states that the film contains "atmospheric landscape shots" and that "the social conflict recedes in favor of the tragic love story, which Weidenmann extensively plays out." while the *Große Personenlexikon des Films* finds the film "staged in an overly banal manner."

## Cast

## InfoBox

| The Rider on the White Horse | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Alfred Weidenmann |
| Based on | *The Rider on the White Horse*, novella by Theodor Storm |
| Starring | John Phillip Law <br>Gert Fröbe |
| Cinematography | Heinz Hölscher |
| Edited by | Klaus Dudenhöfer |
| Music by | Hans-Martin Majewski |
| Release date | * 1978 (1978) |
| Country | West Germany |


title: The Best of Ritchie Valens

abstract: The Best of Ritchie Valens is a greatest hits package by Ritchie Valens. In 1981, Rhino Records began issuing a number of compilations from Bob Keane's Del-Fi Records catalog. This compilation was a follow-up to the first release History of Ritchie Valens, a deluxe box set of Valens' original three Del-Fi albums. Six years later, with the success of the Ritchie Valens bio movie La Bamba, along with Los Lobos' chart-topping version of the movie title track, the soundtrack album, and even Los Lobos' version of "Come On, Let's Go", a new generation of Ritchie Valens fans surged all over the nation, wanting to experience the music as presented by Valens himself. Rhino responded by reissuing The Best of Ritchie Valens as part of the label's Golden Archive Series compilations. The success of the LP brought Valens back to the album charts after a 27-year absence, peaking at #100. Rhino then reissued Valens' original three Del-Fi albums, which sold well but did not chart.

text:
# The Best of Ritchie Valens

***The Best of Ritchie Valens*** is a greatest hits package by Ritchie Valens.

In 1981, Rhino Records began issuing a number of compilations from Bob Keane's Del-Fi Records catalog. This compilation was a follow-up to the first release *History of Ritchie Valens*, a deluxe box set of Valens' original three Del-Fi albums.

Six years later, with the success of the Ritchie Valens bio movie *La Bamba*, along with Los Lobos' chart-topping version of the movie title track, the soundtrack album (which also peaked at #1), and even Los Lobos' version of "Come On, Let's Go" (charting higher than the original), a new generation of Ritchie Valens fans surged all over the nation, wanting to experience the music as presented by Valens himself. Rhino responded by reissuing *The Best of Ritchie Valens* as part of the label's Golden Archive Series compilations. The success of the LP brought Valens back to the album charts after a 27-year absence, peaking at #100. Rhino then reissued Valens' original three Del-Fi albums, which sold well but did not chart.

## Track listing

### Side 1

1. "La Bamba"
2. "Bluebirds Over the Mountain"
3. "In a Turkish Town"
4. "Ooh My Head"
5. "Paddiwack Song"
6. "Stay Beside Me"
7. "Malaguena"

### Side 2

1. "Come On, Let's Go"
2. "Donna"
3. "Fast Freight"
4. "We Belong Together"
5. "That's My Little Suzie"
6. "Hurry Up"
7. "Little Girl"

## InfoBox

| The Best of Ritchie Valens | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Ritchie Valens | |
| Released | 1981 (original)
1987 (reissue) |
| Recorded | 1958–1959 |
| Genre | Rock and roll |
| Label | Rhino Records RNDF-200 (1981 original)
RNLP-70178 (1987 reissue) |
| Producer | Robert Keane |
| Ritchie Valens chronology | |
| *History of Ritchie Valens*
(1981) ***The Best of Ritchie Valens***
(1981) *Bob Keane Tells The Ritchie Valens Story*
(1987) | |


title: Carl Michael Smith

abstract: Carl Michael "Mike" Smith is an American businessman, energy expert, and politician from Oklahoma. Smith is currently serving as the executive director of the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission. Smith has served in numerous energy policy positions for both the United States federal and Oklahoma state governments, including Assistant Secretary of Energy for Fossil Energy under President George W. Bush (2002–2004) and Oklahoma Secretary of Energy under Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating (1995–2002).

text:
# Carl Michael Smith

**Carl Michael "Mike" Smith** (born 1944) is an American businessman, energy expert, and politician from Oklahoma. Smith is currently serving as the executive director of the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission. Smith has served in numerous energy policy positions for both the United States federal and Oklahoma state governments, including Assistant Secretary of Energy for Fossil Energy under President George W. Bush (2002–2004) and Oklahoma Secretary of Energy under Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating (1995–2002).

## Education and early career

Smith earned his bachelor's degree in 1966 from the University of Oklahoma and received his Juris Doctor in 1969 from the OU College of Law, where he focused on oil and gas law. After graduating from OU, Smith began a partner with Lawrence, Smith and Harmon. The later left that firm to become President of Red Rock Exploration, Inc., an Oklahoma City based oil and gas exploration company with operations in central and western Oklahoma. While with Red Rock, Smith was elected to the Board of Director of the Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association in 1981, a position he would hold until 1995. In 1983, Smith became a partner with the Oklahoma law firm of Lawrence and Ellis. Smith was elected President of the Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association in 1994.

Smith was appointed to the Oklahoma Energy Resources Board, a state board that conducts environmental restoration of orphaned and abandoned well sites, encourages the wise and efficient use of energy, and promotes energy education, and was, in 1994, elected that Board's Secretary.

## Keating administration

When Republican Frank Keating was elected Governor of Oklahoma in 1994, Keating asked Smith to join his administration as his Secretary of Energy in Governor Keating's Cabinet. As Energy Secretary, Smith was responsible for developing fossil energy policy for the State as well as providing oversight to the State's energy agencies, including the Oklahoma Corporation Commission, the Oklahoma Department of Mines, and the Oklahoma Energy Resources Board. Additionally, Secretary Smith served as Governor Keating's official representative to the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission, the Southern States Energy Board, the Interstate Mining Compact Commission and the Governors’ Ethanol Coalition.

Smith remained as Keating's Energy Secretary until 2002 when he resigned to join the George W. Bush administration. Keating appointed Robert J. Sullivan Jr., a Tulsa businessman, to succeed Smith as Secretary.

## Bush administration

In 2002, President George W. Bush appointed Smith to serve as his Assistant Secretary of Energy for Fossil Energy within the United States Department of Energy. As Assistant Secretary, Smith served as the primary policy advisor to United States Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham on federal coal, petroleum, and natural gas programs. Smith oversaw nearly 1,000 scientists, engineers, technicians and administrative staff in two national laboratories, four field offices and at DOE's headquarters in Washington, D.C.

He was responsible for several high-priority presidential initiatives, including the implementation of the Bush administration's $2 billion development of a new generation of environmentally sound clean coal technologies and the $1 billion FutureGen project. His duties also included managing the nation's Strategic Petroleum Reserve and the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve.

## Return to private sector

Smith resigned as assistant secretary in 2004 to return to Oklahoma. He joined Dunlap Codding & Rogers, one of Oklahoma's oldest and largest dedicated intellectual property law firms.

## IOGCC

The Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission, an interstate compact of 30 US States that works to promote the conservation and efficient recovery of the nation's domestic oil and natural gas resources, appointed Smith as their executive director in March 2008.

## InfoBox

| Carl Michael Smith | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Executive Director of the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
2008 | |
| Assistant Secretary of Energy for Fossil Energy | |
| **In office**
2002–2004 | |
| President | George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Robert W. Gee |
| Succeeded by | Jeffrey D. Jarrett |
| Oklahoma Secretary of Energy | |
| **In office**
1995–2002 | |
| Governor | Frank Keating |
| Preceded by | Charles R. Nesbitt |
| Succeeded by | Robert J. Sullivan Jr. |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1944 |
| Alma mater | University of Oklahoma
OU Law |
|  | |


title: Federal Government Girls College, Bida

abstract: The Federal Government Girls College, Bida is a secondary boarding school for girls at Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. It was established in 1974.

text:
# Federal Government Girls College, Bida

The **Federal Government Girls College, Bida** (FGGC BIDA) is a secondary boarding school for girls at Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. It was established in 1974.

## History

FGGC Bida was established in 1974 and the first set graduated in 1979. It was established in the desire for Nigeria's national unity, national integration and academic excellence. As a boarding school, the school has educated girls who have entered the professions in different fields of life working nationally and internationally.

The Federal Government Girls College Bida is among the 104, Federal Government owned unity schools managed by the Federal Ministry of Education, Nigeria. Location of the school at Bida, Niger State. Bida is a Local Government Area in Niger State, Nigeria, A Nupe, speaking town.

## Notable alumnae

## InfoBox

| Federal Government Girls College, Bida | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Lemu, 3km Zungeru, Road, Bida
Bida, Niger State, 921
Nigeria | |
| Coordinates | 9°04′14″N 5°59′58″E / 9.0704859°N 5.9995329°E / 9.0704859; 5.9995329 |
| Information | |
| Type | Secondary school |
| Motto | *PRO UNITATE"* |
| Religious affiliation(s) | Mixed |
| Established | 14 October 1974 |
| Founders | Federal Ministry of Education, Nigeria |
| Staff | 75 |
| Gender | Girls |
| Age | 12 to 18 |
| Colour(s) | White and Green |
| Nickname | FEGGICOBIDA |
| Website | fggcbida.com |


title: Lauriston Airport

abstract: Lauriston Airport is an airport located west of Hillsborough, the main town on the island of Carriacou in Grenada. It is also known as Carriacou Island Airport.

text:
# Lauriston Airport

**Lauriston Airport** (IATA: **CRU**, ICAO: **TGPZ**) is an airport located west of Hillsborough, the main town on the island of Carriacou in Grenada. It is also known as **Carriacou Island Airport**.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 5 ft (2 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway which measures 800 m × 18 m (2,625 ft × 59 ft).

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| --- | --- |
| SVG Air | Grenada, Union Island |

1. Airport information for TGPZ at Great Circle Mapper. Source: Trinidad & Tobago CAA (AIP Eastern Caribbean), effective 5 July 2007.
2. Accident history for CRU at Aviation Safety Network

## InfoBox

| Lauriston Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Operator | Grenada Airports Authority |
| Location | Hillsborough, Carriacou, Grenada |
| Elevation AMSL | 5 ft / 2 m |
| Coordinates | 12°28′37″N 061°28′20″W / 12.47694°N 61.47222°W / 12.47694; -61.47222 |
| Map | |
| **CRU**Location in Grenada | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  m ft  09/27 800 2,625 Asphalt | |
| Source: Great Circle Mapper | |