title: Ranish Partition Manager

abstract: Ranish Partition Manager is a freeware hard disk partition editor, disk cloning utility, and boot manager, that gives a high level of control for creating multi-boot systems. It is available on the freeware live CD SystemRescueCD and the Ultimate Boot CD. It runs under MS-DOS, PC DOS, DR-DOS, or FreeDOS.

text:
# Ranish Partition Manager

**Ranish Partition Manager** is a freeware hard disk partition editor, disk cloning utility, and boot manager, that gives a high level of control for creating multi-boot systems. It is available on the freeware live CD SystemRescueCD and the Ultimate Boot CD (not the Windows version). It runs under MS-DOS, PC DOS, DR-DOS, or FreeDOS.

## Features

### Partitioning

* Unlike the partition editor bundled with Windows Vista and Windows 7, Ranish Partition Manager can make partition tables where both Windows XP and Windows Vista can be installed. However, it is possible to make a partition table with no errors in RPM, where the Windows XP installer cannot install XP (without deleting the extended partition value from the partition table). Editing this type of partition table with Vista's partition editor will result in mixed alignments.
* Any number of changes can be made before saving to disk.
* The latest beta (v2.44 beta) provides a workaround to overcome the limitation of 4 primary partitions in a single drive, thus permitting up to 30 primary (and therefore bootable) partitions.
* Allows sector-precise editing of primary partitions, logical drives, and EBR extended partitions (type 05). A particularly rare feature of RPM is that it shows exactly where extended boot records are, advises the user of where they should be, and allows the user to put them anywhere.
    + RPM may show an error if the EBRs are not on the beginning of a head (relative to the beginning of the extended partition—type 0F). If partition alignments of this sort, are ignored, and the partition is edited by Windows XP disk manager, XP may delete the logical drives. This can happen if the extended partition is first edited by Windows Vista or Windows 7.
* Because RPM shows all of this information and shows the entire drive in a CHS format, it is easy to see whether the entire extended and primary partition tables, conform to a standard CHS alignment.
    + If a partition table does not follow a consistent CHS alignment (or maybe even if it does), and a Vista partition is resized or imaged, using certain tools, these tools may "correct" the start of the partition (sometimes by placing it on a cylinder (or track?) boundary) and making it unbootable. (source)
    + This also makes it easy to write down the location of a partition (in cylinders), delete it from the partition table, and later re-add it to the partition table, to make the partition visible again. This is used in multi-boot systems, where more than four primary partitions are required.
        - Using this technique it is possible to convert logical drives to primary partitions and vice versa. This is an experimental technique that may have problems in certain situations (see section below).
        - That technique only works with **primary** partitions. In order to install Windows XP it may be necessary to delete the extended partition from the partition table (in the master boot record). However, if you delete the extended partition value in the master boot record then you try to add it back, RPM will delete the first extended boot record. Instead, this can be done with a disk editor such as hexedit on System Rescue CD. The value for the extended partition is copied to a file and deleted from the partition table. After installing Windows XP, the extended partition value is copied back and the extended partition becomes visible to Windows.

### Cloning

RPM can create bit-identical partition clones. (See Speed.)

### Speed

RPM runs instantly from any of the following:

* SystemRescueCD (at the first prompt select "Run system tools from floppy disk image" (version 1.6.0)). As of version 2.8.1 and above SystemRescueCD does not include RPM anymore.
* RPM can be installed to a floppy disk from the TUI (it does not require use of the command line as is required to save a text file of the partition table).
* RPM can be installed to a hard drive.

Aside from tools that can be run from the regularly used operating system, RPM is one of the fastest ways to partition a hard disk, or to restore, clone, or move an operating system.

## Limitations and workarounds

RPM has not been updated for many years. (It is unknown whether it works with a dynamic disk or a large sector drive.) It has some quirks and display problems, most of which occur when using drives that are much larger than when RPM was written:

* Formatting partitions with RPM sometimes seemed to result in problems in Windows XP.
* It can display a maximum of 64 lines. This makes it impossible to add a partition when the partition table has approximately 3 primary partitions, plus an "extended partition" with 28 logical drives. Logical drives require two lines minimum. Free spaces between drives usually use a line each.
* On one system, the max cylinder value that could be entered "manually" was 65535. Higher numbers could be entered by using the wizard (press "enter" to run the wizard). The values can always be reduced using the "-" key.
    + Re-sizing the beginning of the extended partition (type 0x0F) can only be done manually so the beginning of the extended partition could not be re-sized beyond cylinder 65535. Take for example a disk (and partition table) that uses a sector size of 512 bytes, a head size of 63 sectors, and the largest (and probably the most common) cylinder size, that is, 255 heads per cylinder. On this disk, Ranish PM could re-size the beginning of the extended partition, to anywhere less than about 502 GiB from the beginning of the disk. On a disk that is the same except the cylinder size is 240 heads per cylinder, the maximum location for the start of the extended partition would be roughly 472 GiB. Generally the only time primary partitions are required (as opposed to logical drives) is to install certain operating systems (like Windows). 472 GiB is probably plenty of space for this purpose, even with multi-boot systems.
* The wizard has a quirk where the last character of the cylinder value may be displayed incorrectly when the value is changed. If this is ignored it seems to work fine.
* It can usually be used with partitions that do not follow a single CHS alignment, but this can be awkward for these reasons:
    + RPM allows the partition table to be viewed as CHS or sectors. In sector mode, drives over maybe 250 GB or so, have so many sectors they push the lines to the next line on the display. And the cursor does not appear in the correct place.
    + If you only know the sector you want the partition on, you may need to convert this to a CHS value for this reason: In sector mode, the max size possible to create a partition in sectors, was somewhere over 268,435,433 but under 268,435,550. Partitions of at least one terabyte have been created, when entering the values in cylinders (in CHS mode using the wizard).
        - But in CHS mode it doesn't allow just any head or sector address to be typed in. The "-" and "+" keys can raise or lower these values, when they can't be typed in.
* cannot format some filesystems or display their volume labels e.g. NTFS

## Backup of a primary partition table and extended partition

Ranish Partition Manager can be used to create a (manual) backup of both the primary partition table and the "extended partition" (table).

## Converting logical drives to primary partitions and vice versa

Using RPM it is possible to convert logical drives to primary partitions. In RPM this is done by "deleting" the logical drive, moving the beginning of the "extended partition" (type 0x0F) forward, recreating a primary "partition" in the same location as the logical drive, then saving the changes. The process is reversed to convert a primary partition to a logical drive. However, before or after these conversions the partition must deviate from a standard CHS alignment, because logical drives usually start on the second head (head 1) while primary partitions usually start at the beginning of a cylinder.

Most modern operating systems probably would not have problems reading and editing the **files** on a converted drive but some software used for re-sizing or imaging partitions, may decide to silently "correct" the partition by moving the beginning of the partition (perhaps to conform to a standard CHS alignment) or to conform to a 1-MiB alignment. This re-sizing would not prevent Windows XP from booting, but it might prevent Windows Vista from booting, if the starting sector is moved without updating Vista's boot files. Secondly, if the user is unaware that the partition has been moved, they may not realize that an old backup of the partition table, will be obsolete.

However, there is another possible problem with converting primary partitions into logical drives, unless the primary partitions are made for this purpose. Windows XP Disk Management is known to delete "nonstandard" extended partitions. There must be at least 63 sectors before the primary partition, to allocate for an EBR, in order to make the conversion. For these reasons, it may be preferable, for any primary partition which may be converted to an extended partition, to start them on head 1, instead of at the beginning of the cylinder. The space from the beginning of this cylinder, to head 1, should be free space; the previous partition should end at the end of the last complete cylinder (or at the end of an earlier cylinder).

Starting primary partitions on head 1 (instead of head 0) has another advantage. It allows bit-identical cloning of these primary partitions, to logical drives, making completely normal (usual) logical drives. That is, the EBRs of the logical drives are at the beginning of a cylinder, the logical drive begins on the very next head, and the logical drive ends on a cylinder boundary. However this author has not tested installing or booting operating systems from primary partitions beginning on the head 1, which were not the first partition. (The first partition usually begins on head 1 because this cylinder begins with the master boot record.)

## Comparison with other partition editors

Like most graphical partition editors, GParted is not sector-precise, meaning it will not show the numbers of the sectors or cylinders where partitions are being created. However, it does a few things RPM cannot: GParted can resize partitions with data on them (NTFS, FAT, etc.) and it can format NTFS partitions. Although RPM is able to format FAT partitions, Windows XP had an error on a partition formatted with RPM.

Ranish Partition Manager and GNU Parted (parted) can display all partitions in one CHS format, and both are sector precise, but parted does not show the locations of the EBRs or all the values they contain. In Linux, all this information can be displayed by using `sfdisk -us -l -x` but the format requires more scrutinizing and doesn't indicate errors/warnings with color, as RPM does. Unlike the command line tools parted or sfdisk, RPMs text user interface allows the user to move the cursor anywhere on the partition table to select what values to change. Parted is riskier and less efficient to use, because it saves every change as soon as it is made, and it takes time to update certain things.

RPM can create partitions manually or using a wizard.


title: Ramkrishna Nagar, Karimganj

abstract: Ramkrishna Nagar, most commonly known as R.K Nagar, is a small municipality township situated around 47km from Karimganj, India. The topography of the area comprises undulating hillocks. It is well connected by bus service from Karimganj and shared taxis run by private operators. This town is under jurisdiction of Karimganj. The only institution for higher education is Ramkrishna Nagar College which opened in 1964. Now it offers courses in science and humanities. There is a small town under this called Kadamtala about 2 km from Ramkrishna Nagar. Access to this place is from Hailakandi, Silchar, and other places by bus route is available. It is possible to get a train from Anipur Railway Station, approximately 5 km away from the main town.

text:
# Ramkrishna Nagar, Karimganj

**Ramkrishna Nagar**, most commonly known as R.K Nagar, is a small municipality township situated around 47km from Karimganj, India. The topography of the area comprises undulating hillocks. It is well connected by bus service from Karimganj and shared taxis run by private operators.

This town is under jurisdiction of Karimganj. The only institution for higher education is Ramkrishna Nagar College which opened in 1964. Now it offers courses in science and humanities. There is a small town under this called Kadamtala about 2 km from Ramkrishna Nagar. Access to this place is from Hailakandi, Silchar, and other places by bus route is available. It is possible to get a train from Anipur Railway Station, approximately 5 km away from the main town.

## Demographics

Bengali and Meitei (Manipuri) are the official languages of this place.

The majority of the population of Ramkrishna Nagar are Bengali-speaking Hindus.

## Geography

The place is mostly covered by small altitude hills. There are also some green tea gardens near the town. A hanging bridge connected Ramkrishna Nagar to the Ratabari area; the bridge collapsed in October 2021. Due to the proximity to Mizoram, on the border with Myanmar, the township has seen a number of arrests of drug-traffickers.

## Education

Ramakrishna Nagar has a number of government, as well as private schools, at both primary as well as secondary level. Schools in the area include Ramkrishna Vidyapith H.S School, Kadamtala High School, Girls High School, G.C Paul Memorial Academy, Dreamland High School, Ideal home English Medium High School, Saraswasti Vidyamandir High school, Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, etc. Recently Ramkrishna Nagar junior College was opened which is privately funded institute and the stream of commerce was introduced in 10+2 level in Ramkrishna Nagar for the first time. For degree courses there is one college which is Ramkrishna Nagar college which provides degree courses in science and humanities which is affiliated to Assam university which provides pass and honours courses in various stream. There is also one private college named G.C Paul College of Education situated 3-4 km away from main town which provides B.Ed.,D.el.ed degree courses in Arts. This institution along with G.C Paul Memorial Academy (school) was founded by former Ramkrishna Nagar College Principal, Mr. K.R Ranjan Paul. The Karimganj Medical College and Hospital was inaugurated on 1 March 2024 by CM Himanta Biswa Sarma in Ramkrishna Nagar, Kadamtala.

## Local events and festivals

Viking Fair and Book fairs are held regularly at R.K Nagar. Every year Durga Puja is celebrated with large gatherings of people. On the occasion of Independence Day and Republic Day, a parade is performed by the 4th Assam NCC Unit cadets of Ramkrishna Nagar College along with the police officers and selected students of the local schools in front of the Circle Officer and Officer-in-charge of Police.

## Sport

Inter-state Football championships are famous in Ramkrishna Nagar. Teams from Tripura, Bangladesh, Shillong also participate in the events. Inter-school football matches and local matches are also played on regular basis. Red ball cricket is also popular in Ramkrishna Nagar. Nowadays, Women football matches are also played. All these matches are played in Netaji Baag, Ramkrishna Nagar.

## Amenities

It has a basic primary health care center with ambulances. The area also has its own police station which was established in 1994 and a fire brigade station.

24°34′58″N 92°27′12″E / 24.582731°N 92.453357°E / 24.582731; 92.453357

## InfoBox

| Ramkrishna Nagar R.K. Nagar | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality Town | |
| Country | India |
| Civil Subdivision State Assam | Assam |
| District | Karimganj |
| Government | |
| Type | Town development board |
| Body | Local Magistrate |
| Area | |
| Total | 20 km2 (8 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 20,000 |
| Density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Bengali and Meitei (Manipuri) |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 788166 |
| Vehicle registration | AS-10 |
| Nearest city | Hailakandi |
| Literacy | 92% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Karimganj |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Ratabari |


title: Ramblin' (Paul Bley album)

abstract: Ramblin' is an album led by jazz pianist Paul Bley recorded in Italy in 1966 and released on the French BYG Actuel label.

text:
# Ramblin' (Paul Bley album)

***Ramblin'*** is an album led by jazz pianist Paul Bley recorded in Italy in 1966 and released on the French BYG Actuel label.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Allmusic* |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

Allmusic awarded the album 4 stars stating "*Ramblin'* comes from an adventurous period in Paul Bley's career, at a time when he was associated with some of the more avant-garde elements. His playing often takes an attractively aggressive approach, which he tempered in later years".

## Track listing

1. "Both" (Annette Peacock) – 9:30
2. "Albert's Love Theme" (Peacock) – 9:23
3. "Ida Lupino" (Carla Bley) – 3:30
4. "Ramblin'" (Ornette Coleman) – 5:50
5. "Touching" (Peacock) – 7:30
6. "Mazatalon" (Paul Bley) – 7:32

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Ramblin' | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Paul Bley | |
| Released | 1967 |
| Recorded | July 1, 1966 |
| Studio | Studio RCA, Rome |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 42:48 |
| Label | BYG Actuel 529.313 |
| Producer | Jean Georgakarakos, Jean-Luc Young |
| Paul Bley chronology | |
| *Closer*
(1965) ***Ramblin'***
(1967) *Blood*
(1966) | |


title: Rappin' Rodney

abstract: Rappin' Rodney is a comedy album by American comedian Rodney Dangerfield issued by RCA Records in 1983. The title track is a rap-influenced novelty song co-written by J.B. Moore and Robert Ford Jr.; the same songwriters who worked with Kurtis Blow on "The Breaks". Dennis Blair co-wrote the song. The accompanying music video, which includes cameos from Pat Benatar and Don Novello, was played heavily on MTV at the time of release. The rest of the album consists of live stand-up comedy under the titles "Rodney Rappin'" and "Rodney Continues Rappin'", recorded live at Catch a Rising Star, in New York City. The song peaked at number 83 on Billboard's Hot 100 chart. It soon earned Dangerfield a nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Recording.

text:
# Rappin' Rodney

***Rappin' Rodney*** is a comedy album by American comedian Rodney Dangerfield issued by RCA Records in 1983. The title track is a rap-influenced novelty song co-written by J.B. Moore and Robert Ford Jr.; the same songwriters who worked with Kurtis Blow on "The Breaks". Dennis Blair co-wrote the song. The accompanying music video, which includes cameos from Pat Benatar and Don Novello (as Father Guido Sarducci), was played heavily on MTV at the time of release.

The rest of the album consists of live stand-up comedy under the titles "Rodney Rappin'" and "Rodney Continues Rappin'", recorded live at Catch a Rising Star, in New York City.

The song peaked at number 83 on *Billboard*'s Hot 100 chart. It soon earned Dangerfield a nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Recording.

## Track listing

### Side A

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Rodney Rappin'" | Rodney Dangerfield | 18:18 |

### Side B

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Rappin' Rodney" | Rodney Dangerfield, J.B. Moore, Robert Ford Jr., Dennis Blair, Douglas Hoyt, Scott Henry | 5:04 |
| 2. | "Rodney Continues Rappin'" | Rodney Dangerfield | 16:36 |

## Personnel

* Creative consultant: Dennis Blair
* Production assistant: Kathy Lymberopoulos
* Photography: Bernard Vidal
* Engineer: Bob Merritt
* Edited and mixed at the Record Plant, Los Angeles.
* Mastered at A&M studios, Los Angeles by Bernie Grundman

## InfoBox

| Rappin' Rodney | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Rodney Dangerfield | |
| Released | 1983 |
| Recorded | The Record Plant, New York |
| Genre | Comedy hip hop, stand-up comedy |
| Label | RCA Victor (AFL1-4869) |
| Producer | Estelle Endler, Rodney Dangerfield, J.B. Moore, Robert Ford Jr. |


title: Raskit

abstract: Raskit is the sixth studio album by English rapper Dizzee Rascal. It was released on 21 July 2017 by Dirtee Stank Recordings and Island Records. It is his first studio album in four years since The Fifth (2013). It was produced entirely by Dizzee Rascal alongside notable producers such as Cardo, Donae'o, Salva, Teddy Samba, The Arcade, The HeavyTrackerz and Valentino Khan, among others.

text:
# Raskit

***Raskit*** is the sixth studio album by English rapper Dizzee Rascal. It was released on 21 July 2017 by Dirtee Stank Recordings and Island Records. It is his first studio album in four years since *The Fifth* (2013). It was produced entirely by Dizzee Rascal alongside notable producers such as Cardo, Donae'o, Salva, Teddy Samba, The Arcade, The HeavyTrackerz and Valentino Khan, among others.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AnyDecentMusic? | 7.1/10 |
| Metacritic | 78/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Financial Times* |  |
| *The Guardian* |  |
| *The Independent* |  |
| *Mojo* |  |
| *NME* |  |
| *The Observer* |  |
| *Pitchfork* | 7.0/10 |
|  |  |
| *The Times* |  |

*Raskit* received generally favourable reviews from critics upon release. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 78, based on 12 reviews. Ben Cardew of *Pitchfork* stated that *Raskit* converges grime with hip hop and "retains *The Fifth'*s deliberately divided identity, with beats that fall between grime’s crude electronic minimalism and trap’s skittering intricacy". Jordan Bassett of *NME* labelled *Raskit* a "brilliant return to grime" for Dizzee Rascal and "hasn’t sounded this vital in years". Andy Cowan of *Mojo* stated: "If 2013’s *The Fifth* was a rare, guest-heavy misstep that polished off rough edges to brazenly target a transatlantic audience, *Raskit* junks its predecessor’s egregious schmaltz for marauding bass and spartan trap backings."

## Track listing

*Raskit*
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Focus" | Dylan Mills | * Darkness * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:26 |
| 2. | "Wot U Gonna Do?" |  | * Khan * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:24 |
| 3. | "Space" |  | * Salva * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:55 |
| 4. | "I Ain't Even Gonna Lie" | Mills |  | 3:29 |
| 5. | "The Other Side" |  |  | 3:36 |
| 6. | "Make It Last" | * Mills * Jamil Pierre | * Deputy * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:14 |
| 7. | "Ghost" |  | * Farber * Dizzee Rascal | 2:59 |
| 8. | "Business Man" | * Mills * Farber | * Farber * Dizzee Rascal | 3:13 |
| 9. | "Bop n' Keep It Dippin" | * Mills * Latour | * Cardo * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 4:25 |
| 10. | "She Knows What She Wants" | * Mills * Latour | * Cardo * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:23 |
| 11. | "Dummy" | * Mills * Latour | * Cardo * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 4:22 |
| 12. | "Everything Must Go" | * Mills * Salva | * Salva * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:21 |
| 13. | "Slow Your Roll" | * Mills * Farber | * Farber * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:51 |
| 14. | "Sick a Dis" |  |  | 3:24 |
| 15. | "Way I Am" |  |  | 3:22 |
| 16. | "Man of the Hour" | * Mills * Latour * "Aelpéacha". | * Cardo * Dizzee Rascal\[a\] | 3:55 |
| Total length: | | | | 57:19 |

**Notes**

* **^\[a\]**  signifies an additional producer.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Tidal.

* Cardo – producer (track 5, 9–11, 16)
* Colin Brain – assistant engineer (track 3, 6, 12, 14)
* Dan Farber – mixing, producer (track 7, 8, 13)
* Darkness – producer (track 1)
* Deputy – producer (track 6)
* Donae'o – producer (track 14)
* Dizzee Rascal – executive producer, mixing, producer (track 1–16)
* Jake Gordon – mixing (track 3, 6, 12, 14)
* Matthew "Formatt" DeFreitas – mixing (track 1, 4, 5, 9–11, 15–16)
* Mike Marsh – engineer (track 1–3)
* Niko – vocals (track 15)
* Salva – producer (track 3, 12),
* Teddy Samba – mixing (track 4), producer (track 4)
* The Arcade – producer (track 15)
* The HeavyTrackerz – producer (track 4)
* Wilfred Kouassi – producer (track 4)
* Valentino Khan – producer (track 2), engineer, mixer, programmer

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 44 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 10 |

## InfoBox

| Raskit | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Dizzee Rascal | |
| Released | 21 July 2017 (2017-07-21) |
| Recorded | 2015–2017 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 57:19 |
| Label |  |
| Producer |  |
| Dizzee Rascal chronology | |
| *The Fifth*
(2013) ***Raskit***
(2017) *Don't Gas Me*
(2018) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Raskit* | |
| 1. "Space"
Released: 16 June 2017 2. "Wot U Gonna Do?"
Released: 7 July 2017 3. "Bop N Keep It Dippin"
Released: 19 October 2017 4. "Ghost"
Released: 5 March 2018 | |
|  | |


title: Rathrivandi

abstract: Raathrivandi is a 1971 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Vijayanarayanan and produced by A. Raghunath. The film stars Vincent, Kumari Padmini, T. R. Omana, Jeasy and T. S. Muthaiah in the lead roles. The film had musical score by M. S. Baburaj.

text:
# Rathrivandi

***Raathrivandi*** is a 1971 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Vijayanarayanan and produced by A. Raghunath. The film stars Vincent, Kumari Padmini, T. R. Omana, Jeasy and T. S. Muthaiah in the lead roles. The film had musical score by M. S. Baburaj.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by M. S. Baburaj.

| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics | Length (m:ss) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Anuvaadamillaathe" | L. R. Eswari | P. Bhaskaran |  |
| 2 | "Poovukal Chirichu" | K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki | P. Bhaskaran |  |
| 3 | "Vaarmazhavillinte" | S. Janaki | P. Bhaskaran |  |
| 4 | "Vijanatheerame" | K. J. Yesudas | P. Bhaskaran |  |

## InfoBox

| Raathrivandi | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Vijayanarayanan |
| Written by | N. Govindankutty |
| Screenplay by | N. Govindankutty |
| Produced by | A. Raghunath |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | C. Ramachandra Menon |
| Edited by | K. Narayanan
Neelakantan
Vellachami |
| Music by | M. S. Baburaj |
| Production
company | Sanjay Productions |
| Distributed by | Manneth Films |
| Release date | * 16 June 1971 (1971-06-16) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Malayalam |


title: Rathscar, Victoria

text:
# Rathscar, Victoria

Rathscar is a locality in Pyrenees Shire and the Shire of Central Goldfields. The area to the east of the Avoca River known as Rathscar West was surveyed in 1899.

## Gold mining

The Melbourne newspaper The Argus reported in 1903 that a new gold-bearing reef had been discovered in Rathscar.

## People

The "largest landholder and possibly the wealthiest" in the area was Charles Wilson from *Sunny Park* ( Coordinates 36°58′53″S 143°36′28″E / 36.9813035°S 143.607879°E / -36.9813035; 143.607879 ). Wilson's daughter Maude Wilson married John Miller in 1901 at Sunny Park and they then lived in the Rathscar district where their four children were born.

## Property

There was a Primary School (Numbered 1535) at Rathscar West.

Rathscar West had a Methodist church, initially constructed in timber and built around 1870. As well as the Sunday services, the church hosted a number of activities including concerts, harvest festivals and Sunday School picnics.

The timber building was replaced by brick church (recycled from the former Methodist Church / Wesleyan Chapel Homebush \- 6 km away) in 1928. In 2018, this former Rathcar West church building is now privately owned.

The Pyrenees Shire Council has documented a number of buildings in Rathscar including the Methodist Church, the Avonlea Farm House and the Elliot farm complex, in the *Avoca Heritage Study: 1864 - 1994* \- Volume 3.

## InfoBox

| Rathscar<br>Victoria | |
| --- | --- |
| Typical wheat country in central Victoria | |
| Rathscar | |
| Coordinates | 36°58′27″S 143°31′16″E / 36.9742287°S 143.5212222°E / -36.9742287; 143.5212222 |
| Population | 19 (SAL 2021) |
| Postcode(s) | 3465 |
| Location |  |
| LGA(s) |  |
| State electorate(s) | Ripon |
| Federal division(s) | Mallee |


title: Raphael Walsh

abstract: Raphael Walsh was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the second half of the 18th Century and the first decade of the 19th. Wight was born in Dublin and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Dean of Dromore from 1790 until his death in 1808; and Archdeacon of Limerick from 1790 until his resignation in 1803. His nephew was the Irish landowner and M.P. John Allen Johnson-Walsh.

text:
# Raphael Walsh

**Raphael Walsh** was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the second half of the 18th Century and the first decade of the 19th.

Wight was born in Dublin and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Dean of Dromore from 1790 until his death in 1808; and Archdeacon of Limerick from 1790 until his resignation in 1803.

His nephew was the Irish landowner and M.P. John Allen Johnson-Walsh.

1. "A Sermon (Nehemiah xiii. 17) preached before Earl Camden, Lord Lieutenant, President and the members of the Association for Discountenancing Vice" by Thomas Lewis O'Beirne on Tuesday 22 May 1798: Dublin; William Watson & Son
2. "Alumni Dublinenses : a register of the students, graduates, professors and provosts of Trinity College in the University of Dublin (1593–1860 George Dames Burtchaell/Thomas Ulick Sadleir pp854/5: Dublin, Alex Thom and Co, 1935
3. "Fasti Ecclesiae Hibernicae: The succession of the prelates Volume 3" Cotton, H. p294Dublin, Hodges & Smith, 1848–1878
4. "Fasti Ecclesiae Hibernicae: The succession of the prelates Volume 1" Cotton, H. p408 Dublin, Hodges & Smith, 1848–1878
5. George Edward Cokayne, *The Complete Baronetage* vol. 5, p. 383 (Exeter 1906)


title: Ravi Inder Singh (cricketer)

abstract: Ravi Inder Singh Mehra is an Indian cricketer. He plays for Punjab in the Indian domestic cricket. He is a left-hand batsman and part-time offbreak bowler. In 2018 he signed for Pokhara Premier League in Nepal, where he gained popularity. Currently he plays for Bhairahawa Gladiators in the Everest Premier League. He scored 124* in 53 balls in his EPL debut. He signed with the DC Hawks in Minor League Cricket.

text:
# Ravi Inder Singh (cricketer)

**Ravi Inder Singh Mehra** (born 4 November 1987) is an Indian cricketer. He plays for Punjab in the Indian domestic cricket. He is a left-hand batsman and part-time offbreak bowler.

In 2018 he signed for Pokhara Premier League in Nepal, where he gained popularity.

Currently he plays for Bhairahawa Gladiators in the Everest Premier League. He scored 124\* in 53 balls in his EPL debut. He signed with the DC Hawks in Minor League Cricket.

## InfoBox

Ravi Inder Singh
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Ravi Inder Singh Mehra |
| Born | (1987-11-04) 4 November 1987<br>Patiala, Punjab, India |
| Batting | Left-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm offbreak |
| Role | Opening batsman |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 2007/08–present | Punjab |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition FC LA T20  Matches 44 36 20  Runs scored 2378 1431 540  Batting average 32.13 47.70 28.42  100s/50s 6/10 3/10 0/5  Top score 142 126\* 69\*  Balls bowled 669 137   Wickets 3 4   Bowling average 116.66 20.75   5 wickets in innings 0 0   10 wickets in match 0 0   Best bowling 1/0 3/38   Catches/stumpings 37/ 14/ 3/ | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 26 December 2013 | |


title: Ravi Jagannathan

abstract: Ravi Jagannathan is an American economist. He is a chaired professor at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. With the exception of the period 1989–1997 when he was a professor at the University of Minnesota, Jagannathan has been at Kellogg since graduate school. Jagannathan received a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from the College of Engineering, Guindy of University of Madras in 1970, an MBA from the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, India and his Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University. His research interests are in the areas of asset pricing, capital markets and financial institutions. Along with Zhenyu Wang, in 1996 he advanced a variation on the capital asset pricing model known as "conditional CAPM." Some recent empirical work on options prices supports this model. He is also among those known for the Hansen–Jagannathan bounds, which provide a way to use security market data to restrict the volatility of the stochastic discount factor.

text:
# Ravi Jagannathan

**Ravi Jagannathan** is an American economist. He is a chaired professor at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. With the exception of the period 1989–1997 when he was a professor at the University of Minnesota, Jagannathan has been at Kellogg since graduate school.

Jagannathan received a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from the College of Engineering, Guindy of University of Madras in 1970, an MBA from the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, India and his Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University.

His research interests are in the areas of asset pricing, capital markets and financial institutions. Along with Zhenyu Wang, in 1996 he advanced a variation on the capital asset pricing model known as "conditional CAPM." Some recent empirical work on options prices supports this model.

He is also among those known for the Hansen–Jagannathan bounds, which provide a way to use security market data to restrict the volatility of the stochastic discount factor.

## InfoBox

| Ravi Jagannathan | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | c. 1949 (age 7475) |
| Nationality | Indian American |
|  | |
| Academic career | |
| Field | Financial economics |
| Institution | Northwestern University |
| Alma mater | Carnegie Mellon University
Indian Institute of Management
University of Madras |
| Awards | Alexander Henderson Award (1983) |
| Information at IDEAS / RePEc | |
|  | |


title: Rapid Pass

abstract: The Rapid Pass is a smart card automated fare collection system based on near-field communication (NFC) technology used on participating public transit systems in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Rapid Pass card readers were implemented on a trial basis in 2017. Full implementation began in January 2018 and it was rolled out across rapid transit stations, railway stations, bus stops and terminals, and transit vehicles on many different transit systems.

text:
# Rapid Pass

The **Rapid Pass** is a smart card automated fare collection system based on near-field communication (NFC) technology used on participating public transit systems in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Rapid Pass card readers were implemented on a trial basis in 2017. Full implementation began in January 2018 and it was rolled out across rapid transit stations, railway stations, bus stops and terminals, and transit vehicles on many different transit systems.

## History

In 2014, Dhaka Transport Coordination Authority took up a project to develop an automated fare collection system for Dhaka city at a cost of ৳39.06 crore. Japan International Cooperation Agency provided technical assistance and 73% of the total budget for the project. The authority concerned decided to introduce Rapid Pass service on trial basis for buses operated by Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation plying on Abdullahpur–Motijheel route in the city in May 2017. Sheikh Hasina, prime minister of the country, inaugurated the card service of the Rapid Pass on 4 January 2018. The project was said to be completed in 2019, which was in the process of setting up a clearing house bank for multiple transport services which was implemented by Dutch-Bangla Bank. In the meeting on bus route rationalization organized on 21 June 2022, it was decided to ensure the use of Rapid Pass in all modes of transport in Dhaka. From September 2023, Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation decided to implement Rapid Pass for all bus transport services operated by them. On 20 March 2024, the facility of collecting fares through Rapid Pass was introduced in BRTC buses operating on Dhaka–Narayanganj link road. In May 2024, the Road Transport and Highways Division drafted the "Public Transport Integrated Ticketing System and Clearing House Management Act, 2024" to make Rapid Pass a payment card for all types of monetary activities.

## Card usage

This card can be used to purchase tickets for BRTC bus services, BIWTA launches, Bangladesh Railway train services, MRT and BRT. Passengers will get a 10% discount on the fare for using the Rapid Pass or MRT Pass in Dhaka Metro Rail. As of July 2023, the number of Rapid Pass users was 66,180.

## Purchase and reload

For the card, one has to register and purchase the card from any of thirty four branches and sub branches of Dutch-Bangla Bank. The branches are including Motijheel Local Office Branch, Motijheel Foreign Exchange Branch, Elephant Road Branch, Uttara Branch, Banani Branch, Gulshan Circle-1 Branch, Gulshan Branch and Sonargaon Janpath Branch. These branches also act as recharge point. Besides, cards can be purchased and recharged at 10 bus counters located at House Building, Uttara, Banani, Shahbag, Motijheel, Rampura, Notun Bazaar, Gulshan-2, Shooting Club, Dhaka Chaka Banani Stopage and Police Plaza. The price of Rapid Pass is 400 BDT (200 BDT pre-recharged on the card). The card can be also recharge from the Dhaka Metro Rail ticket machines.

## Criticisms and controversy

Even after the launch of Rapid Pass, it was not made available for all bus services. On the other hand, bus operators are unwilling to use it to collect fares as they cannot collect more than the government fixed fare. On 7 December 2023, the Rapid Pass authority directed D-Money, another smart card-based automatic fare collection system permitted by Bangladesh Bank, to stop operations on the ground that any card other than Rapid Pass is invalid in the country, even though there is no such law.

## InfoBox

Rapid Pass
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Native name | র‍্যাপিড পাস |
| Location | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| Launched | 4 January 2018 (2018-01-04) |
| Technology |  |
| Operator | Dhaka Transport Coordination Authority |
| Manager | Dhaka Transport Coordination Authority |
| Currency | BDT (৳100 minimum load, ৳2000 maximum load) |
| Stored-value | e-purse |
| Credit expiry | None |
| Auto recharge | No |
| Validity |  |
| Retailed |  |
| Website | rapidpass.com.bd |


title: Ray Jackson (Aboriginal activist)

abstract: Ray Jackson was an Australian Aboriginal activist and Wiradjuri elder. He was President of the Indigenous Social Justice Association (ISJA), and a prominent campaigner for the rights of Indigenous Australians.

text:
# Ray Jackson (Aboriginal activist)

**Ray Jackson** (27 March 1941 – 23 April 2015) was an Australian Aboriginal activist and Wiradjuri elder. He was President of the Indigenous Social Justice Association (ISJA), and a prominent campaigner for the rights of Indigenous Australians.

## Early life

Ray Jackson was a member of the Stolen Generations. In 1943, when Jackson was two years old, his father was killed in World War II, fighting Japanese forces on the Kokoda Track. Jackson said that instead of his biological mother receiving a war widows pension, the Australian government removed her four children (including Jackson) from her custody due to her Aboriginality.

His name was changed and he was sent to a Catholic institution for a year, before being adopted by a white family. It was not until his teen years that he discovered he had been adopted. He never found his biological family, and never learned the original name they had given him.

## Activism

Jackson was one of Australia's most prominent and knowledgeable campaigners on the issue of Aboriginal deaths in custody. He campaigned for justice for the families of victims, Eddie Murray, Mark Mason and TJ Hickey.

Between 1991 and 1997, Jackson was coordinator of the Aboriginal Deaths in Custody Watch Committee, which was financed by the government agency, ATSIC. In an interview published by *Green Left Weekly*, Jackson said:

> *"We were so well set we had a hotline any blackfella could call, anytime. If a copper so much as verballed a black kid, we'd get a call and be out at the police station, no matter where it was — at the latest — a day later, interrogating them."*

However, when the government led by Prime Minister John Howard cut all funding to the committee, Jackson established the Indigenous Social Justice Association (ISJA) to continue the work.

Jackson's small Waterloo apartment was full of shelves and folders containing meticulous records about Aboriginal deaths in custody. He would attend the scenes where people had died at the hands of police, and represent the deceased's families when dealing with the police and authorities.

In December 2013, the French government agency Commission nationale consultative des droits de l'homme awarded Jackson's Indigenous Social Justice Association a prize of 70,000 euros (US$95,100) in recognition of its contribution to human rights.

Jackson was responsible for hundreds of rallies and actions, especially in remembrance of lost lives to injustices. Jackson confronted police annually in enabling the TJ Hickey January marches from Redfern where he died to NSW Parliament in the heart of the City of the Sydney.

Jackson was often a speaker at protest rallies for Aboriginal rights. Affectionately known as Uncle Ray, he would always attend the rallies wearing in his trademark black cap, decorated with social justice pins. He was a prominent supporter of the Redfern Aboriginal Tent Embassy, and was a familiar sight there up until his death.

## Death

In the months before his death, Ray Jackson had not been feeling well, and a week before his death he was hospitalised with pneumonia. Shortly after attending a meeting of the Indigenous Social Justice Association, he died peacefully in his sleep on 23 April 2015. His granddaughter found him in bed that day in his Waterloo flat. At Jackson's request, his body was donated to the University of Sydney.

## InfoBox

| Ray Jackson | |
| --- | --- |
| Ray Jackson at a 2014 rally for Aboriginal boy, TJ Hickey | |
| Born | (1941-03-27)27 March 1941 |
| Died | 23 April 2015(2015-04-23) (aged 74)<br>Sydney |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Other names | Uncle Ray |
| Known for | Activism |


title: Ray J discography

text:
# Ray J discography

This is the discography of R&B singer-songwriter Ray J.

## Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected chart positions
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | US
Ind.
 | US
R&B
 | UK
 |
| *Everything You Want* |  |  |  | 56 |  |
| *This Ain't a Game* |  | 21 |  | 9 |  |
| *Raydiation* | * Released: September 20, 2005 * Label: Knockout, Sanctuary * Formats: CD, LP, cassette, digital download | 48 |  | 13 | 144 |
| *All I Feel* | * Released: April 8, 2008 * Label: Knockout, Deja34, Epic, Koch * Formats: CD, LP, digital download | 7 | 1 | 1 |  |
| *Raydemption* | * Released: December 30, 2022 * Label: Knockout * Formats: Streaming, digital download |  |  |  |  |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## EPs

List of extended plays, with selected information
| Title | Album details |
| --- | --- |
| *Progression* | * Released: December 18, 2018 * Label: RU Listening Ltd, 17 Inc, Lookhu Inc. |
| *Emerald City* | * Released: December 13, 2019 * Label: XVII Inc * Format: Digital download, streaming |

## Mixtapes

List of mixtapes, with selected information
| Title | Album details |
| --- | --- |
| *Smoke Cloud TMG & OHB*
(with The Mob Group) | * Released: November 30, 2016 * Label: TMG * Formats: Digital download |
| *Burn My Name* | * Released: June 19, 2017 * Label: CBE, 916% ENTERTAINMENT * Formats: Digital download |

## Soundtrack albums

List of soundtrack albums, with selected chart positions
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
R&B
 |
| *For the Love of Ray J* | * Released: March 24, 2009 * Label: Knockout, E1 * Formats: CD, digital download | 53 |
| *A Family Business* | * Released: June 19, 2011 * Label: Saguaro Road, Time–Life, Knockout * Formats: CD, digital download |  |

## Visual albums

List of visual albums, with selected details
| Title | Album details |
| --- | --- |
| *Raydemption* | * Released: September 8, 2017 * Label: Knockout |

## Singles

### As lead artist

List of singles as lead artist, with selected chart positions and certifications, showing year released and album name
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | | | | | | | | | | | Certifications | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | US
R&B
 | AUS
 | BEL
(FL)
 | CAN
 | FRA
 | GER
 | NLD
 | NZ
 | SWI
 | UK
 | | |
| "Let It Go" | 1997 | 25 | 17 | 85 |  |  |  |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | *Everything You Want* |
| | "Everything You Want" | 83 | 29 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33 |  |  | |  |
| "That's Why I Lie" | 1998 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22 |  | 71 |  | *Dr. Dolittle* soundtrack |
| "Another Day in Paradise"
(with Brandy) | 2001 |  |  | 11 | 7 |  | 11 | 2 | 6 | 29 | 3 | 5 |  | *Urban Renewal* |
| | "Wait a Minute"
(featuring Lil' Kim) | 30 | 8 |  |  |  |  | 72 | 75 |  | 80 | 54 |  | *This Ain't a Game* |
| "Formal Invite"
(featuring Pharrell) | 2002 |  | 54 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "Keep Ya Head Up" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| "One Wish" | 2005 | 11 | 3 | 49 | 54 | 29 | 74 | 73 |  | 20 |  | 13 |  | *Raydiation* |
| | "What I Need" |  | 58 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "Sexy Can I"
(featuring Yung Berg) | 2007 | 3 | 4 |  |  | 20 |  |  |  | 10 |  | 66 |  | *All I Feel* |
| "Gifts" | 2008 |  | 65 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "Sexy Ladies"
(featuring Truth and Shorty Mack) | 2009 |  | 71 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *For the Love of Ray J* |
| | "Can We Fall in Love?" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "One Thing Leads to Another"
(featuring Pitbull) | 2010 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-album singles |
| | "Last Wish" |  | 54 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "Talk to Me"
(with Willie Norwood and Brandy) | 2011 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *A Family Business* |
| | "Turnin' Me On" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| | "Bananaz"
(featuring Rick Ross) |  | 63 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-album singles |
| "I Hit It First"
(featuring Bobby Brackins) | 2013 | 51 | 11 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | | 132 |  |
| "Never Shoulda Did That" | 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "ATM"
(featuring Dria and Migos) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| "Brown Sugar"
(featuring Lil Wayne) | 2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "Curtains Closed" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| "Be with You" | 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "Famous"
(featuring Chris Brown) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| "How Did I Know" | 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| "Feeling Like Love"
(featuring Kid Ink) | 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "Who You Came With"
(featuring Chris Brown and Young M.A.) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "Think Of Me" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "Melody" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "Right On Time"
(featuring Flo Rida, Brandy and Designer Doubt) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| "Progression" | 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Progression EP* |
| | "Hallelujah"
(featuring Snoop Dogg) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-album single |
| | "Rewind"
(featuring Designer Doubt, Truth and Ironik) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Progression EP* |
| "Party's Over"
(solo or featuring K. Michelle) | 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Emerald City EP* |
| | "Hurt You" |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Raydiation X* |
| "Wish"
(with Mak Sauce)
 | 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-album singles |
| "You"
(with Kelly Anthony)
 | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| | "On Top"
(with Bobby Brackins & P-Lo )
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "Throwing Stacks"
(with Sukihana)
 | 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |  |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

List of singles as featured artist, with selected chart positions and certifications, showing year released and album name
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | | | | | Certifications | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | US
Pop
 | US
R&B
 | US
Rap
 | US
Rhyth.
 | | |
| "Beds"
(Lil' Fizz featuring Ray J) | 2007 |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Payday EP* |
| "You Know Me"
(2 Pistols featuring Ray J) | 2008 |  |  |  |  | 38 |  | *Death Before Dishonor* |
| | "Keep It Playa"
(Boss Hogg Outlawz featuring Ray J) |  |  |  |  |  |  | *Back by Blockular Demand: Serve & Collect II* |
| "Tie Me Down"
(New Boyz featuring Ray J) | 2009 | 22 | 23 | 42 | 5 | 4 |  | *Skinny Jeans and a Mic* |
| | "Blockstars"
(DJ Kayslay featuring Yo Gotti, Jim Jones, Busta Rhymes and Ray J) |  |  |  |  |  |  | *More Than Just a DJ* |
| "Thug Luv"
(DJ Kayslay featuring Maino, Papoose, Red Café and Ray J) | 2010 |  |  |  |  | |  |  |
| | "143"
(Bobby Brackins featuring Ray J) | 76 |  |  | 19 |  |  | *Live Good .5* |
| "All We Know"
(DJ Absolut featuring Ace Hood, Ray J, Swizz Beatz, Bow Wow and Fat Joe) | 2013 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-album single |
| | "Baddest Chick"
(Ian Carey & Doron featuring Ray J and Kardinal Offishall) |  |  |  |  |  | |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Promotional singles

List of promotional singles, showing year released and album name
| Title | Year | Album |
| --- | --- | --- |
| "Keep Sweatin'"
(featuring Fat Joe) | 2005 | *Raydiation* |
| | | "Quit Actin'"
(featuring Shorty Mack and R. Kelly) |
| "WellsFargo"
(featuring Knotch, Truth and Luvaboy TJ) | 2016 | *Smoke Cloud* |
| | | "Smoke Cloud"
(featuring Lil Twist) |
| | "Caddi (Real Life Playa)"
(featuring Payso) | Non-album singles |
| | "Toast" | 2017 |

## Guest appearances

List of non-single guest appearances, with other performing artists, showing year released and album name
| Title | Year | Other artist(s) | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| "Ray J Prelude" | 2001 | none | *Urban Renewal* |
| | "Bout It" | Willie Norwood, Brandy | *Bout It* |
| | | "Have Thine Own Way" | Willie Norwood |
| "Die Without You" | 2002 | Brandy | *Full Moon* |
| "Let's Go" | 2008 | Styles P | *Super Gangster (Extraordinary Gentleman)* |
| | "She Freaky" | Unk, Blazed | *2econd Season* |
| "Sweat" | 2009 | DJ Drama, Fabolous, La the Darkman | *Gangsta Grillz: The Album (Vol. 2)* |
| | "Peep'n Game" | Tha Realest | *Witness Tha Realest* |
| "You Heard of Us" | 2010 | DJ Kayslay, Sheek Louch, Styles P | *More Than Just a DJ* |
| | "Blockstars" (Remix) | | DJ Kayslay, Busta Rhymes, Sheek Louch, Rick Ross, Papoose, Cam'ron, Vado |
| | "Breakfast in Bed" | Dorrough | *Get Big* |
| | "Remember When" | Gucci Mane | *The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted* |
| | "Call the Police" | Twista | *The Perfect Storm* |
| "Ready to Roll" | 2011 | Shorty Mack, TKO | *A Family Business* |
| "Sorry Baby Daddy" | 2017 | Brianna Perry | N/A |
| "Curious" | 2018 | Daz Dillinger | Dazamataz |
|

## Soundtracks

| Year | Song | Film/TV series |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1997 | "Let It Go" | *Set It Off* |
| 1998 | "That's Why I Lie" | *Dr. Dolittle* |
| 2005 | "Quit Actin" (with R. Kelly & Shorty Mack) | *Roll Bounce* |
| 2010 | "Can We Fall In Love?" | *For The Love of Ray J 2* |
| | "Spotlight" | *Island of Fantasy* |
| | "The Business of Family" (with Brandy) | *Brandy and Ray J: A Family Business* |

## Other songs

1. "Ray J – Chart History: Billboard 200". *Billboard*. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
2. "Ray J – Chart History: Independent Albums". *Billboard*. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
3. "Ray J – Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Albums". *Billboard*. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
4. Zywietz, Tobias. "Chart Log UK: The Rabble Army – RZA". *zobbel.de*. Tobias Zywietz. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
5. "Exclusive: Ray J Talks Musical Comeback with New Album and TBTour, His One Wish, Raycon Global & More!". *Thisisrnb.com*. 29 October 2019.
6.
7. "Raydemption - Ray J | Songs, Reviews, Credits". *AllMusic*.
8. "Ray J – Chart History: The Hot 100". *Billboard*. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
9. "Ray J – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". *Billboard*. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
10. Peak chart positions for singles in Australia:
    * All except "Let It Go": "Discography Ray J". *australian-charts.com*. Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
    * "Let It Go": Ryan, Gavin (2011). *Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010* (PDF ed.). Mt Martha, Victoria, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 139.
11. "Discographie Ray J". *ultratop.be* (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
12. "Ray J – Chart History: Canadian Hot 100". *Billboard*. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
13. "Discographie Ray J". *lescharts.com* (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
14. "Ray J (Single)". *charts.de* (in German). Media Control Charts. Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
15. "Discografie Ray J". *dutchcharts.nl* (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
16. "Discography Ray J". *charts.nz*. Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
17. "Discographie Ray J". *swisscharts.com* (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
18. Peak chart positions for singles in the United Kingdom:
19. "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2001 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
20. "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – 2001". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
21. "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank: Ray J" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
22. "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (Brandy)". *swisscharts.com*. Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
23. "Notre Base de Données: Ray J" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
24. "Ray J – Chart History: Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". *Billboard*. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
25. "American certifications – Ray J". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
26. "Canadian certifications – Ray J". Music Canada. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
27. "Can We Fall In Love? (Piano Version) – Single by Ray J". *iTunes Store*. Apple. 14 December 2009. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
28. "One Thing Leads to Another (feat. Pitbull) – Single by Ray J". *iTunes Store*. Apple. January 2010. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
29. "Talk to Me – Single by Ray J, Willie Norwood & Brandy". *iTunes Store*. Apple. 22 November 2010. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
30. "Turnin' Me On: Ray J". Amazon.com. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
31. "ATM (Feat. Dria & Migos) - Single by Ray J". *iTunes*. 5 August 2014.
32. Peak chart positions for guest appearances in the United States:
33. "New Boyz – Chart History: Pop Songs". *Billboard*. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
34. "New Boyz – Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". *Billboard*. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
35. Peak chart positions for guest appearances on the Hot Rap Songs in the United States:
36. Peak chart positions for guest appearances on the Rhythmic Songs chart in the United States:
37. "Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop – September 13, 2008". *Billboard*. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
38. "DJ Kayslay – Chart History: Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". *Billboard*. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
39. "All We Know (feat. Ace Hood, Ray J, Swizz Beatz, Bow Wow & Fat Joe) – Single by DJ Absolut". *iTunes Store*. Apple. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
40. *Keep Sweatin'* (track listing). Ray J. Sanctuary Urban. 2005. SANTW376.`{{cite AV media notes}}`: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
41. *Quit Actin'* (track listing). Ray J. Sanctuary Urban. 2005. SURDJ-85685-1.`{{cite AV media notes}}`: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
42. "Urban Renewal: Featuring the Songs of Phil Collins – Various Artists". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
43. Smith, Tim A. "'Bout It – Willie Norwood". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
44. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Full Moon – Brandy". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
45. Brown, Marisa. "Super Gangster (Extraordinary Gentleman) – Styles P". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
46. Rinaldi, Matt. "Second Season – Unk". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
47. Jeffries, David. "Gangsta Grillz: The Album, Vol. 2 – Drama". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
48. "Witness Tha Realest – Tha Realest". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
49. Jeffries, David. "More Than Just a DJ: DJ Kayslay – DJ Kayslay". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
50. Jeffries, David. "Get Big – Dorrough". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
51. Jeffries, David. "The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted – Gucci Mane". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
52. Jeffries, David. "The Perfect Storm – Twista". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
53. O'Brien, Jon. "A Family Business – Brandy". *AllMusic*. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
54. "Jay Sean - Cut It Out (Audio) Feat. Ray J". *YouTube*. July 3, 2016. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21.

## InfoBox

| Ray J discography | |
| --- | --- |
| Ray J in 2011 | |
| Studio albums | 4 |
| Compilation albums | 1 |
| Singles | 26 |
| Soundtrack albums | 1 |
| Mixtapes | 2 |


title: Raymond Carr

abstract: Sir Albert Raymond Maillard Carr was an English historian specialising in the history of Spain, Latin America, and Sweden. From 1968 to 1987, he was Warden of St Antony's College, Oxford.

text:
# Raymond Carr

**Sir Albert Raymond Maillard Carr** FBA FRHS FRSL (11 April 1919 – 19 April 2015) was an English historian specialising in the history of Spain, Latin America, and Sweden. From 1968 to 1987, he was Warden of St Antony's College, Oxford.

## Early life

Carr was born on 11 April 1919 in Bath, Somerset, to Reginald Henry Maillard Carr and his wife (Ethel Gertrude) Marion (née Graham). He was educated at Brockenhurst School, then a state secondary school in the New Forest, Hampshire. He then studied at Christ Church, Oxford, where he was elected Gladstone Research Exhibitioner in 1941.

## Career

Carr was briefly a lecturer at University College, London, in 1945–1946, before returning to Oxford as a Fellow of All Souls College, 1946–1953. He was next a Fellow of New College, 1953–1964, then Director of Oxford's Latin American Centre, 1964–1968 and the University's Professor of the History of Latin America, 1967–68.

He became a Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford, in 1964, Sub-Warden of the college in 1966 and Warden in 1968, a position he held until his retirement in 1987. After his retirement from Oxford, he was King Juan Carlos Professor of Spanish History at New York University in 1992.

Carr's successor as Warden of St Antony's, Ralf Dahrendorf, has described Carr's tenure of the post as the college's 'Fiesta days'.

As a historian and Hispanist, Carr's main interest lay in the vicissitudes of 19th and 20th century Spain, and he was also a specialist in Latin American and Swedish history. In the words of John Huxtable Elliott, " his book on Spain between 1808 and 1939 is basic to a better understanding of the era, and the later generation of historians, both within Spain and abroad, have followed up the leads that Carr gives in his book to great benefit."

His *Modern Spain, 1875-1980* was called by the *Times Literary Supplement* "a turning point in Spanish historiography - nothing comparable in scope, profundity, or perceptiveness exists."

At St Antony's, he established an Iberian Centre, of which he was co-director with Joaquin Romero Maura. Paul Preston wrote in 1984 of their collaboration "Between them, Carr and Romero Maura instilled an intellectual rigour into modern Spanish historiography which had previously been conspicuously lacking." Carr also wrote an extensive foreword to the 1993 edition of *The Spanish Labyrinth* by Gerald Brenan.

A Fellow of the British Academy since 1978, in 1983 he was awarded the Order of Alfonso X el Sabio by King Juan Carlos of Spain and in 1999 the Prince of Asturias Award for Social Sciences.

He is considered, together with Angus Mackay and Sir John Huxtable Elliott, a major figure in developing Spanish historiography.

Carr wrote for *The Spectator* in 2007 - "I am old-fashioned and aged enough to believe that the best history is the work of the lone individual."

His recreation was fox hunting, about which he has written two books, *English Fox Hunting: A History* (1976), a comprehensive history of fox-hunting from medieval times, and, with his wife Sara Carr, *Fox-Hunting* (1982).

## Other appointments

## Personal life and death

In 1950, Carr married Sara Ann Mary Strickland, daughter of Algernon Walter Strickland and of Lady Mary Pamela Madeline Sibell Charteris. Sara Strickland's maternal grandfather was Hugo Charteris, 11th Earl of Wemyss, and one of her great-grandfathers was Percy Wyndham (1835–1911), a Conservative politician who was one of The Souls. The Carrs have three sons and one daughter, Adam Henry Maillard Carr (born 1951), Matthew Xavier Maillard Carr (1953-2011), Laura Selina Madeline Carr (born 1954), and Alexander Rallion Charles Carr (born 1958). Their son Adam married Angela P. Barry in 1988, and their daughter Rose Angelica Mary Carr was born in 1991. Matthew, a portrait artist, married Lady Anne Mary Somerset in 1988, and their daughter Eleanor Carr was born in 1992. Laura Carr married Richard E. Barrowclough in 1978 and has four children, Milo Edmond, Conrad Oliver, Theodore Charles, and Sibell Augusta.

Carr died on 19 April 2015 at the age of 96.

## Honours

## Clubs

Beefsteak and Oxford and Cambridge; sometime Senior Member of the Bullingdon.

## Selected works

* *Two Swedish Financiers: Louis De Geer and Joel Gripenstierna*, in H. E. Bell and R. L. Ollard, eds., *Historical Essays Presented to David Ogg*, London: Black, 1963
* *Spain 1808–1939*, Oxford University Press, 1966
* *Latin American Affairs* (ed.), Oxford University Press, 1970 (St Antony's Papers, no. 22)
* *The Republic and the Civil War in Spain* (ed.), 1971
* *English Fox Hunting: A History*, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1976, 2nd edition 1986, ISBN 978-0-297-77074-9
* *The Spanish Tragedy: the Civil War in Perspective*, 1977
* *Spain: Dictatorship to Democracy* (with Juan Pablo Fusi), 1979
* *Modern Spain: 1875-1980*, 1980
* *Spain 1808-1975*, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982
* *Fox-Hunting* (with Sara Carr), Oxford University Press, 1982, ISBN 978-0-19-214140-8
* *Puerto Rico: a colonial experiment*, 1984
* *The Spanish Civil War: A History in Pictures* (ed.), New York, W. W. Norton & Co., 1986
* *The Chances of Death: a diary of the Spanish Civil War* by Priscilla Scott-Ellis (ed. by Carr), 1995
* *Visiones de fin de siglo*, 1999
* *Spain: A History* (ed.), 2000
* *El rostro cambiante de Clío* (collection of pieces translated into Spanish by Eva Rodríguez Halffter), Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 2005 ISBN 84-9742-403-4

Carr has also written many book reviews for journals, including the *New York Review of Books* and *The Spectator*.

Works by or about Raymond Carr at the Internet Archive

## InfoBox

| Sir Raymond Carr | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1919-04-11)11 April 1919<br>Bath, Somerset, England, UK |
| Died | 19 April 2015(2015-04-19) (aged 96) |
| Education | Brockenhurst School |
| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
| Occupation | Historian |
| Spouse | Sara Ann Mary Strickland |
| Children | 4 |


title: Raymond Casimir

abstract: Raymond Casimir is a former Dominican cricketer who played for the Windward Islands in West Indian domestic cricket. He played as a left-arm orthodox bowler who batted left-handed. Casimir appeared for the Rest of Windward Islands team in the 2002–03 Red Stripe Bowl, where Saint Vincent and the Grenadines were competing as a separate team. His first-class debut for the Windwards came almost six years later, against Jamaica in the 2007–08 Carib Beer Cup. Casimir's second and final match for the Windwards came the following season, against Trinidad and Tobago. He also represented Dominica in the 2008 edition of the Stanford 20/20, playing against the British Virgin Islands and Barbados.

text:
# Raymond Casimir

**Raymond Casimir** (born 28 October 1976) is a former Dominican cricketer who played for the Windward Islands in West Indian domestic cricket. He played as a left-arm orthodox bowler who batted left-handed.

Casimir appeared for the Rest of Windward Islands team in the 2002–03 Red Stripe Bowl, where Saint Vincent and the Grenadines were competing as a separate team. His first-class debut for the Windwards came almost six years later, against Jamaica in the 2007–08 Carib Beer Cup. Casimir's second and final match for the Windwards came the following season, against Trinidad and Tobago. He also represented Dominica in the 2008 edition of the Stanford 20/20, playing against the British Virgin Islands and Barbados.

## InfoBox

Raymond Casimir
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1976-10-28) 28 October 1976<br>Dominica |
| Batting | Left-handed |
| Bowling | Left-arm orthodox |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 2002 | Rest of Windward Islands |
| 2008–2009 | Windward Islands |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 23 January 2016 | |


title: Raymond Carver bibliography

abstract: The bibliography of Raymond Carver consists of 72 short stories, 306 poems, a novel fragment, a one-act play, a screenplay co-written with Tess Gallagher, and 32 pieces of non-fiction. In 2009, the 17 stories collected in What We Talk About When We Talk About Love were published in their manuscript form, prior to Gordon Lish's extensive editing, under the title Beginners.

text:
# Raymond Carver bibliography

The bibliography of Raymond Carver consists of 72 short stories, 306 poems, a novel fragment, a one-act play, a screenplay co-written with Tess Gallagher, and 32 pieces of non-fiction (essays, a meditation, introductions, and book reviews). In 2009, the 17 stories collected in *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* were published in their manuscript form, prior to Gordon Lish's extensive editing, under the title *Beginners*.

## Complete works

Raymond Carver's complete published works are collected in the following volumes:

* *Collected Stories* (Library of America, 2009) - includes the complete fiction (72 short stories, 1 novel fragment, 17 manuscript versions)1
* *All of Us* (Vintage, 2000) - includes the complete poetry (306 poems)
* *Call If You Need Me: The Uncollected Fiction and Other Prose* (Vintage, 2001) - includes the complete non-fiction (5 essays, 1 meditation, 8 comments on work, 6 introductions, 12 book reviews)2

1The book also includes 4 essays 2The book also includes 11 works of fiction

Two texts which are not included in any of the collections above were published separately:

* *Dostoevsky* (Capra, 1985) - screenplay (co-written with Tess Gallagher)
* *Carnations* (Engdahl Typography, 1992) - a one-act play.

## Books

| Title | Publisher | Contents | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Near Klamath* | Sacramento: English Club of
Sacramento State College (1968) |  |  |
| *Winter Insomnia* | Santa Cruz: Kayak (1970) |  |  |
| *At Night the Salmon Move* | Santa Barbara: Capra (1976) |  |  |
| *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* | New York: McGraw-Hill (1976) | 22 short stories |  |
| *Furious Seasons and Other Stories* | Santa Barbara: Capra (1977) | 8 short stories |  |
| *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* | New York: Knopf (1981) | 17 short stories |  |
| *Fires: Essays, Poems, Stories* | Santa Barbara: Capra (1983);
New York: Vintage (1984);
New York: Vintage Contemporaries (1989) | 2 essays, 50 poems,
7 short stories |  |
| *Cathedral* | New York: Knopf (1983);
London: Collins (1984) | 12 short stories |  |
| *Dostoevsky* | Santa Barbara: Capra (1985) | A Screenplay | Written with Tess Gallagher |
| *Where Water Comes Together with Other Water* | New York: Random House (1985) | 80 poems |  |
| *Ultramarine* | New York: Random House (1986) | 84 poems |  |
| *Where I'm Calling From:
New and Selected Stories* | New York: Atlantic Monthly (1988);
Franklin Center, PA: Franklin Library (1988) | 37 short stories |  |
| *A New Path to the Waterfall* | New York: Atlantic Monthly (1989) | 73 poems |  |
| *No Heroics, Please:
Uncollected Writings* | London: Collins Harvill (1991);
New York: Vintage Contemporaries (1992) | stories, 19 poems
and book reviews |  |
| *Short Cuts:
Selected Stories* | New York: Vintage (1993) | 9 short stories, 1 poem | Released to accompany
*Short Cuts* film (1993) |
| *All of Us:
The Collected Poems* | New York: Vintage (2000) | 306 poems |  |
| *Call If You Need Me:
The Uncollected Fiction and Other Prose* | New York: Vintage (2001) | 10 stories, 1 novel fragment,
32 pieces of nonfiction |  |
| *Collected Stories* | New York: Library of America (2009) | 90 stories, 4 essays, 1 novel fragment |  |
|

### British editions

| Title | Publisher | Contents | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *The Stories of Raymond Carver* | London: Picador (1985) | 51 stories | Complete contents of
*Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?*,
*What We Talk About When We
Talk About Love*, and *Cathedral* |
| *In a Marine Light:
Selected Poems* | London: Collins Harvill, (1987) |  |  |
| *Elephant and Other Stories* | London: Collins Harvill (1988) | 7 short stories | Includes the 7 new stories
collected in *Where I'm Calling From* |
| *Beginners* | London: Chatto Bodley Head & Cape (2009) | 17 stories | Manuscript version of stories included in
*What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* |

### Chapbooks and limited editions

| Title | Publisher | Contents |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *Put Yourself in My Shoes* | Santa Barbara: Capra (1974) | 1 short story |
| *The Pheasant* | Worcester, MA: Metacom (1982) | 1 short story |
| *Two Poems* | Salisbury, MD: Scarab (1982) | 2 poems |
| *If It Please You* | Northridge, CA: Lord John (1984) | 1 short story |
| *My Father's Life* | Derry, NH: Babcock & Koontz (1986) | Biographical essay |
| *Two Poems* | Concord, NH: Ewert (1986) | 2 poems |
| *Those Days:
Early Writings by Raymond Carver* | Elmwood, CT: Raven (1987) | 11 poems, 1 short story |

## Short stories

| Title | Originally published in | Collected in: | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| "Fat" | *Harper's Bazaar*, September 1971 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Neighbors" | *Esquire*, June 1971 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Idea" | *Northwest Review*, 1971-72 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "They're Not Your Husband" | *Chicago Review*, 1973 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Are You a Doctor?" | *Fiction*, 1973 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Father" | *Toyon*, 1961 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Nobody Said Anything" | *Seneca Review*, 1970 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Sixty Acres" | *Discourse*, 1969 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "What's in Alaska?" | *Iowa Review*, 1972 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Night School" | *North American Review*, 1971 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Collectors" | *Esquire*, August 1975 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "What Do You Do in San Francisco?" | *Colorado State Review*, 1967 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Student's Wife" | *Carolina Quarterly*, 1964 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Put Yourself in My Shoes" | *Iowa Review*, 1972 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Jerry and Molly and Sam" | *Perspective*, 1972 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Why, Honey?" | *Sou'wester*, 1972 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Ducks" | *Carolina Quarterly*, 1963 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "How About This?" | *Western Humanities Review*, 1970 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Bicycles, Muscles, Cigarets" | *Kansas Quarterly*, 1973 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "What Is It?" | *Esquire*, 1972 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Titled "Are These Actual Miles?"
in *Where I'm Calling From* (1988) |
| "Signals" | *December*, 1970 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?" | *December*, 1966 | *Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?* (1976);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Pastoral" | *Western Humanities Review*, Winter 1963 | *Furious Seasons and Other Stories* (1977);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Furious Seasons" | *Selection*, Winter 1960-1961 | *Furious Seasons and Other Stories* (1977);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Why Don't You Dance?" | *Quarterly West*, 1978 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "Viewfinder" | *Quarterly West*, 1978 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "Mr. Coffee and Mr. Fixit" | *TriQuarterly*, 1980 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "Gazebo" | *Missouri Review*, 1980 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "I Could See the Smallest Things" | *Missouri Review*, 1980 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "Sacks" | *Perspective*, 1974 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "The Bath" | *Columbia*, 1981 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009).
Republished as *"A Small, Good Thing"* in rewritten
and expanded form in *Cathedral*. |
| "Tell the Women We're Going" | *Sou'wester*, 1971 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "After the Denim" | *New England Review*, 1981 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "So Much Water So Close to Home" | *Spectrum*, 1975 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "The Third Thing That Killed My Father" | *Discourse*, 1967 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "A Serious Talk" | *Playgirl*, 1980 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "The Calm" | *Iowa Review*, 1979 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "Popular Mechanics" | *Playgirl*, March 1978 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Titled "Little Things" in *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
manuscript version titled "Mine" appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "Everything Stuck to Him" | *Chariton Review*, Fall 1975
(as "Distance") | *Furious Seasons and Other Stories* (1977);
*Fires* (1983);
*What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Titled "Distance" in *Where I'm Calling From* (1988)
Manuscript version titled "Distance" appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "What We Talk About When We Talk About Love" | *Antaeus*, 1981 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "One More Thing" | *North American Review*, 1979 | *What We Talk About When We Talk About Love* (1981);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Manuscript version appears in
*Beginners* (2009) and *Collected Stories* (2009). |
| "The Lie" | *Sou'wester*, 1971 | *Fires* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Cabin" | *Western Humanities Review*, 1963 | *Fires* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Harry's Death" | *Eureka Review*, 1975-76 | *Fires* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Pheasant" | *Occident*, 1973 | *Fires* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Feathers" | *The Atlantic Monthly*, September 1982 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Chef's House" | *The New Yorker*, November 30, 1981 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Preservation" | *Grand Street*, 1983 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Compartment" | *Granta*, June 1983 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "A Small, Good Thing" | *Columbia*, 1981 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Originally published as *"The Bath"* in
*What We Talk About When We Talk About
Love* in a shorter form. |
| "Vitamins" | *Granta*, March 1981 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Careful" | *The Paris Review*, 1983 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Where I'm Calling From" | *The New Yorker*, March 15, 1982 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Train" | *Antaeus*, 1983 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Fever" | *North American Review*, 1983 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Bridle" | *The New Yorker*, July 19, 1982 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Cathedral" | *The Atlantic Monthly*, September 1981 | *Cathedral* (1983);
*Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Boxes" | *The New Yorker*, February 24, 1986 | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Elephant and Other Stories* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Whoever Was Using This Bed" | *The New Yorker*, April 28, 1986 | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Elephant and Other Stories* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Intimacy" | *Esquire*, August 1986 | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Elephant and Other Stories* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Menudo" | *Granta*, 1987 | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Elephant and Other Stories* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Elephant" | *The New Yorker*, June 9, 1986 | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Elephant and Other Stories* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Blackbird Pie" | *The New Yorker*, July 7, 1986 | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Elephant and Other Stories* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Errand" | *The New Yorker*, June 1, 1987 | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988);
*Elephant and Other Stories* (1988);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Hair" | *Toyon*, 1963 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "The Aficionados" | *Toyon*, 1963 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Poseidon and Company" | *Toyon*, 1963 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Bright Red Apples" | *Gato Magazine*, 1967 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Kindling" | *Esquire*, July 1999 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "What Would You Like to See?" | *The Guardian*, June 24, 2000 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Dreams" | *Esquire*, August 2000 | 'Call If You Need Me *(2000);
*Collected Stories *(2009)* |  |
| "Vandals" | *Esquire*, October 1999 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Call If You Need Me" | *Granta*, 1999 | *Call If You Need Me* (2000);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |

## Poetry

Carver's 306 poems are collected in *All Of Us* (1996) after previously appearing in the collections: *Near Klamath* (1968), *Winter Insomnia* (1970), *At Night The Salmon Move* (1976), *Fires* (1983), *Where Water Comes Together With Other Water* (1985), *This Water* (1985), *Ultramarine* (1986), *Early For The Dance* (1986), *Those Days: Early Writings By Raymond Carver: Eleven Poems And A Story* (1987), *In A Marine Light: Selected Poems* (1987), *A New Path To The Waterfall* (1989), and *No Heroics, Please* (1991).

Notable poems include "Photograph of My Father in His Twenty-Second Year", which grew out of the essay "My Father's Life", and "Gravy", which was published in *The New Yorker* in August 1988 following Carver's death. The poems "Late Fragment" and "Gravy" are both inscribed on his tombstone.

### The poems

* "Drinking while Driving"
* "Luck"
* "Distress Sale"
* "Your Dog Dies"
* "Photograph of My Father in His Twenty-Second Year"
* "Hamid Ramouz (1818–1906)"
* "Bankruptcy"
* "The Baker"
* "Iowa Summer"
* "Alcohol"
* "For Semra, with Martial Vigor"
* "Looking for Work 1"
* "Cheers"
* "Rogue River Jet-Boat Trip, Gold Beach, Oregon, July 4, 1977"
* "You Don't Know What Love Is"
* "Morning, Thinking of Empire"
* "The Blue Stones"
* "Tel Aviv and Life on the Mississippi"
* "The News Carried to Macedonia"
* "The Mosque in Jaffa"
* "Not Far from Here"
* "Sudden Rain"
* "Balzac"
* "Country Matters"
* "This Room"
* "Rhodes"
* "Spring, 480 BC"
* "Near Klamath"
* "Autumn"
* "Winter Insomnia"
* "Prosser"
* "At Night the Salmon Move"
* "With a Telescope Rod on Cowiche Creek"
* "Poem for Dr Pratt, a Lady Pathologist"
* "Wes Hardin: from a Photograph"
* "Marriage"
* "The Other Life"
* "The Mailman as Cancer Patient"
* "Poem for Hemingway & WC Williams"
* "Torture"
* "Bobber"
* "Highway 99e from Chico"
* "The Cougar"
* "The Current"
* "Hunter"
* "Trying to Sleep Late on a Saturday Morning in November"
* "Louise"
* "Poem for Karl Wallenda, Aerialist Supreme"
* "Deschutes River"
* "Forever"
* "Woolworth’s, 1954"
* "Radio Waves"
* "Movement"
* "Hominy and Rain"
* "The Road"
* "Fear"
* "Romanticism"
* "The Ashtray"
* "Still Looking Out for Number One"
* "Where Water Comes Together With Other Water"
* "Happiness"
* "The Old Days"
* "Our first House in Sacramento"
* "Next Year"
* "To My Daughter"
* "Anathema"
* "Energy"
* "Locking Yourself Out, Then Trying to Get Back In"
* "Medicine"
* "Wenas Ridge"
* "Reading"
* "Rain"
* "Money"
* "Aspens"
* "At Least"
* "The Grant"
* "My Boat"
* "The Poem I Didn't Write"
* "Work"
* "In The Year 2020"
* "The Juggler at Heaven’s Gate"
* "My Daughter and Apple Pie"
* "Commerce"
* "The Fishing Pole of the Drowned Man"
* "A Walk"
* "My Dad’s Wallet"
* "Ask Him"
* "Next Door"
* "The Caucasus: a Romance"
* "A Forge, and a Scythe"
* "The Pipe"
* "Listening"
* "In Switzerland
* "A Squall"
* "My Crow"
* "The Party"
* "After Rainy Days"
* "Interview"
* "Blood"
* "Tomorrow"
* "Grief"
* "Harley’s Swans"
* "Elk Camp"
* "The Windows of the Summer Vacation Houses"
* "Memory 1"
* "Away"
* "Music"
* "Plus"
* "All Her Life"
* "The Hat"
* "Late Night with Fog and Horses"
* "Venice"
* "The Eve of Battle"
* "Extirpation"
* "The Catch"
* "My Death"
* "To Begin With"
* "The Cranes"
* "A Haircut"
* "Happiness in Cornwall"
* "Afghanistan"
* "In a Marine Light Near Sequim, Washington"
* "Eagles"
* "Yesterday, snow"
* "Reading Something in the Restaurant"
* "A Poem Not Against Songbirds"
* "Late Afternoon, April 8, 1984"
* "My work"
* "The Trestle"
* "For Tess"
* "This Morning"
* "What You Need for Painting"
* "An Afternoon"
* "Circulation"
* "The Cobweb"
* "Balsa Wood"
* "The Projectile"
* "The Mail"
* "The Autopsy Room"
* "Where They’d Lived"
* "Memory 2"
* "The Car"
* "Stupid"
* "Union Street: San Francisco, Summer 1975"
* "Bonnard’s Nudes"
* "Jean’s TV"
* "Mesopotamia"
* "The Jungle"
* "Hope"
* "The House Behind This One"
* "Limits"
* "The Sensitive Girl"
* "The minuet"
* "Egress"
* "Spell"
* "From the East, Light"
* "A Tall Order"
* "The Author of Her Misfortune"
* "Powder-Monkey"
* "Earwigs"
* "Nyquil"
* "The Possible"
* "Shiftless"
* "The Young Fire Eaters of Mexico City"
* " Where the Groceries Went"
* "What I Can Do"
* "The Little Room"
* "Sweet Light"
* "The Garden"
* "Son"
* "Kafka’s Watch"
* "The Lightning Speed of the Past"
* "Vigil"
* "In the Lobby of the Hotel del Mayo"
* "Bahia, Brazil"
* "The Phenomenon"
* "Wind"
* "Migration"
* "Sleeping"
* "The River"
* "The Best Time of the Day"
* "Scale"
* "Company"
* "Yesterday"
* "The Schooldesk"
* "Cutlery"
* "The Pen"
* "The Prize"
* "An Account"
* "The Meadow"
* "Loafing"
* "Sinew"
* "Waiting"
* "The Debate"
* "Its Course"
* "September"
* "The White Field"
* "Shooting"
* "The Window"
* "Heels"
* "The Phone Booth"
* "Cadillacs and Poetry"
* "Simple"
* "The Scratch"
* "Mother"
* "The Child"
* "The Fields"
* "After Reading Two Towns in Provence"
* "Evening"
* "The Rest"
* "Slippers"
* "Asia"
* "The Gift"
* "Wet Picture - Jaroslav Seifert"
* "Thermopylae"
* "Two Worlds"
* "Smoke and Deception - Anton Chekhov"
* "In a Greek Orthodox Church Near Daphne"
* "For the Record"
* "Transformation"
* "Threat"
* "Conspirators"
* "This Word Love"
* "Don’t Run - Anton Chekhov"
* "Woman Bathing"
* "The Name - Tomas Transtromer"
* "Looking for Work 2"
* "The World Book Salesman"
* "The Toes"
* "The Moon, the Train"
* "Two Carriages - Anton Chekhov"
* "Miracle"
* "My Wife"
* "Wine"
* "After the Fire - Anton Chekhov"
* "From a Journal of Southern Rivers - Charles Wright"
* "The Kitchen"
* "Songs in the Distance - Anton Chekhov"
* "Suspenders"
* "What You Need to Know for Fishing - Stephen Oliver"
* "Oyntment to Alure Fish to the Bait - James Chetham"
* "The Surgeon"
* "Night Dampness - Anton Chekhov"
* "Another Mystery"
* "Return to Kraków in 1880 - Czeslaw Milosz"
* "Sunday Night"
* "The Painter & the Fish"
* "At Noon - Anton Chekhov"
* "Artaudv
* "Caution"
* "One More"
* "At the Bird Market - Anton Chekhov"
* "His Bathrobe Pockets Stuffed with Notes"
* "The March into Russia"
* "Some Prose on Poetry"
* "Poems"
* "Letter"
* "The Young Girls"
* "From Epilogue - Robert Lowell"
* "The Offending Eel"
* "Sorrel - Anton Chekhov"
* "The Attic"
* "Margo"
* "On an Old Photograph of My Son"
* "Five O’clock in the Morning - Anton Chekhov"
* "Summer Fog"
* "Hummingbird"
* "Out"
* "Downstream - Anton Chekhov"
* "The Net"
* "Nearly"
* "Foreboding - Anton Chekhov"
* "Quiet Nights"
* "Sparrow Nights - Anton Chekhov"
* "Lemonade"
* "Such Diamonds - Anton Chekhov"
* "Wake Up"
* "What the Doctor Said"
* "Let’s Roar, Your Honor - Anton Chekhov"
* "Proposal"
* "Cherish"
* "Gravy"
* "No Need"
* "Through the Boughs"
* "After-Glow"
* "Late Fragment"
* "The Brass Ring"
* "Beginnings"
* "In the Trenches with Robert Graves"
* "The Man Outside"
* "Adultery"
* "For the Egyptian Coin Today, Arden, Thank You"
* "Seeds"
* "Betrayal"
* "The Contact"
* "Something is Happening"
* "A Summer in Sacramento"
* "Reaching"
* "Soda Crackers"
* "Those Days"
* "On the Pampas Tonight"
* "Poem on My Birthday, July 2"
* "Return"
* "The Sunbather, to Herself"
* "No Heroics, Please"

## Non-fiction

### Essays

| Title | Originally published in | Collected in: | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| "My Father's Life" | *Esquire*, September 1984 | *Fires* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "On Writing" | *The New York Times Book Review*,
15 February 1981 (as "A Storyteller's Shoptalk") | *Fires* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "Fires" | *Antaeus*, Autumn 1982 | *Fires* (1983);
*Collected Stories* (2009) | Appears in anthology *In Praise of What Persists* (1983) |
| "On *Where I'm Calling From*" | *Where I'm Calling From* (1988)
(as "A Special Message for the First Edition") | *No Heroics, Please* (1991);
*Call If You Need Me* (2001);
*Collected Stories* (2009) |  |
| "John Gardner: The Writer as Teacher" | *Georgia Review*, Summer 1983
(as "John Gardner: Writer and Teacher") | *Call If You Need Me* (2001) | Reprinted as foreword to Gardner's
*On Becoming a Novelist* (1983) |
| "Friendship" | *Granta*, Autumn 1988 | *Call If You Need Me* (2001) |  |
| "Meditation on a Line from Saint Teresa" | *Commencement*, 15 May 1988
untitled statement | *Call If You Need Me* (2001) |  |

### Occasions

| Title | Published in: | Collected in: |
| --- | --- | --- |
| On "Neighbors" | *Cutting Edges: Young American Fiction for the '70s*,
ed. Jack Hicks (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1973) | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On "Drinking While Driving" | *New Voices in American Poetry*, ed. David Allan Evans
(Cambridge, Massachusetts: Winthrop Publishers, 1973) | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On Rewriting | Afterward to *Fires: Essays, Poems, Stories*,
(Santa Barbara, California: Capra Press, 1983) | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On the Dosotevsky Screenplay | Introduction to *Dostoevsky: A Screenplay*
(Santa Barbara, California: Capra Press, 1985) | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On "Bobber" and Other Poems | *The Generation of 2000: Contemporary American Poets*
ed. William Heyen (Princeton, New Jersey: Ontario Review Press, 1984) | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On "For Tess" | *Literary Cavalcade* 39, no. 7
(Scholastic, Inc. New York, April 1987) | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On "Errand" | *The Best American Short Stories 1988*
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988) | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On *Where I'm Calling From* | Foreword to *Where I'm Calling From*
(New York: Atlantic Monthly, 1988); | *Call If You Need Me* |

### Introductions

| Title | Introduction to: | Collected in: |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Steering by the Stars | *Syracuse Poems and Stories 1980*
Syracuse University, 1980 | *Call If You Need Me* |
| All My Relations |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| The Unknown Chekhov |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Fiction of Occurrence and Consequence
(with Tom Jenks) |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On Contemporary Fiction |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| On Longer Stories |  | *Call If You Need Me* |

### Book reviews

| Title | Books reviewed | Published in: | Collected in: |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Big Fish, Mythical Fish | *My Moby Dick* by William Humphrey | *Chicago Tribune Book World*,
29 October 1978 | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Barthelme's Inhuman Comedies | *Great Days* by Donald Barthelme | *Chicago Tribune Book World*,
28 January 1978 | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Rousing Tales |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Bluebeard Mornings, Storm Warnings |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| A Gifted Novelist at the Top of His Game |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Fiction That Throws Light on Blackness |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Brautigan Serves Werewolf Berries and Cat Cantaloupe |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| McGuane Goes After Big Game |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Richard Ford's Stark Vision of Loss, Healing |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| A Retired Acrobat Falls under the Spell of a Teenage Girl |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| "Fame Is No Good, Take It from Me" |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |
| Coming of Age, Going to Pieces |  |  | *Call If You Need Me* |

## Other works

**At College**

Carver's first publication was in the Chico State student newspaper, *The Wildcat*, on October 31, 1958. His contribution was a letter to the editor entitled "Where Is Intellect?", which complained about the apathy of students on campus. In 1962, Carver wrote an absurdist one-act play entitled *Carnations*, which was staged on his college's campus on May 11 and received mostly negative feedback. The play was published in 1992 by Engdahl Typography.

A fragment of Carver's unfinished novel *The Augustine Notebooks* was published in *Iowa Review* (Summer 1979), and later collected in *Call If You Need Me* (2000) and *Collected Stories* (2009). Additionally, Carver had accepted an advance on an unwritten novel from McGraw-Hill and planned to write a novel he imagined as "an *African Queen* sort of thing" set in German East Africa after World War I. Carver later admitted he stopped working on the novel after two weeks, and it appears that nothing of it exists beyond the published fragment.

**Michael Cimino Screenplays**

In 1982, Carver was approached by director Michael Cimino with the idea of reworking a screenplay on the life of Fyodor Dostoevsky. Carver asked Tess Gallagher to assist him in the project. The movie was never produced but the screenplay, entitled *Dostoevsky*, was published by Capra (Santa Barbara, 1985).

Carver and Cimino later collaborated on a screenplay which the two completed in fall of 1983. Tentatively called *Purple Lake*, the film was to be a contemporary Western "about the rehabilitation of juvenile felons," as described by *The New York Times*. This screenplay is now considered lost.

At an unspecified date, Cimino also claimed to have co-written another screenplay with Carver on the life of the American poet Thomas McGrath.

## Editing

Carver served as the founding editor of the Chico State literary magazine *Selection* in 1960 and the UC Santa Cruz journal *Quarry* (later *Quarry West*) in 1971. He also edited the Spring 1963 issue of *Toyon* at Humboldt State. Carver also selected the contents for the book *Syracuse Poems and Stories 1980* (Syracuse, N.Y.: Department of English, Syracuse University, 1980). He also selected, along with Shannon Ravenel, the stories included in *The Best American Short Stories 1986* (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986) and edited *American Short Story Masterpieces* (New York: Delacorte Press, 1987) with Tom Jenks.

General * Carol Sklenicka, *Raymond Carver: A Writer's Life*, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009, pp. 495–500.


title: Raymond Acevedo

abstract: Ramón Enrique Acevedo Kerkadó is a Puerto Rican pop singer, actor, and visual artist who was a member of the Puerto Rican boy band Menudo.

text:
# Raymond Acevedo

**Ramón Enrique Acevedo Kerkadó** (born December 21, 1971, in Bayamon, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican pop singer, actor, and visual artist who was a member of the Puerto Rican boy band Menudo.

## Biography

He was a soloist when in 1985, Acevedo joined Menudo after his second audition when he was 13 years old. (Ricky Martin is three days younger than Raymond Acevedo.) In a concert in Japan, when they believed they didn't need a security deal, they were surprised when they were overcome by fans.

Acevedo sang such hits as "En San Juan me Enamore", “Pañuelo Blanco Americano", and "It's You and Me All The Way", which became an international hit. Along with his fellow Menudo members, Acevedo starred in the Argentina soap opera *Por Siempre Amigos*. The soap opera aired in 1987, and ran for 100 episodes. Acevedo left Menudo on August 2, 1988, and soon after moved to the United States.

Living in New York, Acevedo worked on Off-Broadway productions in New York City and wrote songs with cross-culture appeal.

In 1999, Acevedo and Aurelio Laing III collaborated on lyrics and music, ultimately creating Afterworld Records. During the winter of 2000, they recorded their first album, "Amor Oculto" ("Hidden Love"), in San Antonio, Texas, releasing it in 2001. In 2005, the two collaborated again on an alternative English release of his *Age of Anxiety* album.

In 2007, Acevedo performed a series of shows in Brazil and Latin America with a group called *Menudo La Reunion*.

In recent years, Acevedo released two guitar-driven pop songs “Addictive Love” and “La Vi En Paris” were recently released, along with music videos. He was also to appear in the play “Noches De Vellonera”, a musical/comedy performance, in Central Florida.

Acevedo also creates charcoal drawings and oil paintings, having attended a visual arts school in New York.

In 2018, Acevedo spent time on a TV and radio tour promoting his song *Me enamoras* in Puerto Rico.

## Personal life

He now lives in New York.

## Discography

### With Menudo