title: 2014 WNBA Finals

abstract: The 2014 WNBA Finals was the playoff series for the 2014 season of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Phoenix Mercury, champions of the Western Conference, faced the Chicago Sky, champions of the Eastern Conference. The WNBA Finals were under a 2–2–1 rotation. The Mercury held home-court advantage as they had a better regular season record (29–5) than the Sky (15–19). The Mercury swept the Sky in three games to win their third title in franchise history. Both teams would meet again in the 2021 WNBA Finals, but this time the Sky emerged victorious in four games.

text:
# 2014 WNBA Finals

The **2014 WNBA Finals** was the playoff series for the 2014 season of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Phoenix Mercury, champions of the Western Conference, faced the Chicago Sky, champions of the Eastern Conference.

The WNBA Finals were under a 2–2–1 rotation. The Mercury held home-court advantage as they had a better regular season record (29–5) than the Sky (15–19). The Mercury swept the Sky in three games to win their third title in franchise history.

Both teams would meet again in the 2021 WNBA Finals, but this time the Sky emerged victorious in four games.

## Background

### 2014 WNBA regular season

| # | **Eastern Conference** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Team | W | L | PCT | GB | GP |
| 1 | y- Atlanta Dream | 19 | 15 | .559 | - | 34 |
| 2 | x- Indiana Fever | 16 | 18 | .471 | 3.0 | 34 |
| 3 | x-Washington Mystics | 16 | 18 | .471 | 3.0 | 34 |
| 4 | x-Chicago Sky | 15 | 19 | .441 | 4.0 | 34 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 5 | e-New York Liberty | 15 | 19 | .441 | 4.0 | 34 |
| 6 | e-Connecticut Sun | 13 | 21 | .382 | 6.0 | 34 |

| # | **Western Conference** | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Team | W | L | PCT | GB | GP |
| 1 | y-Phoenix Mercury | 29 | 5 | .853 | - | 34 |
| 2 | x-Minnesota Lynx | 25 | 9 | .735 | 4.0 | 34 |
| 3 | x-San Antonio Stars | 16 | 18 | .471 | 13.0 | 34 |
| 4 | x-Los Angeles Sparks | 16 | 18 | .471 | 13.0 | 34 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 5 | e-Tulsa Shock | 12 | 22 | .353 | 17.0 | 34 |
| 6 | e-Seattle Storm | 12 | 22 | .353 | 17.0 | 34 |

### 2014 WNBA Playoffs

| Phoenix Mercury | | Chicago Sky | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 29–5 (.853)
1st West, 1st overall | Seeding | | 15–19 (.441)
4th East, 8th overall |
| Defeated the (4) Los Angeles Sparks, 2–0 | Conference Semifinals | | Defeated the (1) Atlanta Dream, 2–1 |
| Defeated the (2) Minnesota Lynx, 2–1 | Conference Finals | | Defeated the (2) Indiana Fever, 2–1 |

### Chicago Sky

The Chicago Sky finished 15–19, good for fourth place in the Eastern Conference. The Sky defeated the Atlanta Dream in three games, setting up a conference final against the Indiana Fever. Chicago lost the first game of the series, but rallied to win two straight to reach the finals for the first time in franchise history.

### Phoenix Mercury

The Phoenix Mercury finished with the best record in the WNBA, finishing with a 29–5 record. The Mercury swept the fourth-seeded Los Angeles Sparks in the conference semifinals, and defeated the Minnesota Lynx in the Western Conference Finals in three games.

### Regular-season series

The Phoenix Mercury won the season series 2–0:

## Series summary

*All times are in Eastern Daylight Time (UTC−4).*

### Game 1

| Chicago Sky 62, **Phoenix Mercury** **83** | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by quarter:** 8–**15**, 12–**27**, 14–14, **28**–27 | | |
| **Pts:** Fowles (19)
**Rebs:** Fowles (11)
**Asts:** Vandersloot (5) |  | **Pts:** Dupree (26)
**Rebs:** Griner (7)
**Asts:** Taurasi (11) |
| ***Phoenix leads series, 1–0*** | | |

### Game 2

| Chicago Sky 68, **Phoenix Mercury** **97** | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by quarter:** 14–**21**, 22–**30**, 15–**23**, 17–**23** | | |
| **Pts:** Delle Donne (22)
**Rebs:** Fowles (5)
**Asts:** Vandersloot (4) |  | **Pts:** Griner (19)
**Rebs:** Taylor (8)
**Asts:** Taylor (6) |
| ***Phoenix leads series, 2–0*** | | |

### Game 3

| **Phoenix Mercury** **87**, Chicago Sky 82 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by quarter:** 22–22, **23**–21, 16–**20**, **26**–19 | | |
| **Pts:** Dupree, Taurasi (24)
**Rebs:** Bonner (9)
**Asts:** Dupree (6) |  | **Pts:** Delle Donne (23)
**Rebs:** Fowles (8)
**Asts:** Vandersloot (11) |
| ***Phoenix wins series, 3–0*** | | |

## Rosters

| Phoenix Mercury roster | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Nat. Name   Height  Weight   DOB   From Yrs  8  Bass, Mistie   6' 3" (1.91m)  189 lb (86kg)   12-02-1983   Duke 7  23  Bias, Tiffany   5' 8" (1.73m)  133 lb (60kg)   05-22-1992   Oklahoma State 5  G/F 24  Bonner, DeWanna   6' 4" (1.93m)  143 lb (65kg)   08-21-1987   Auburn 5  4  Dupree, Candice   6' 2" (1.88m)  178 lb (81kg)   08-16-1984   Temple 8  42  Griner, Brittney   6' 9" (2.06m)  205 lb (93kg)   10-18-1990   Baylor 1  10  Jēkabsone-Žogota, Anete   5' 9" (1.75m)  167 lb (76kg)   08-12-1983   Latvia 2  11  Kobryn, Ewelina   6' 4" (1.93m)  210 lb (95kg)   05-07-1982   Poland 3  14  Murphy, Eshaya   5' 11" (1.8m)  164 lb (74kg)   04-15-1985   USC 7  31  Phillips, Erin   5' 8" (1.73m)  165 lb (75kg)   05-19-1985   Australia 6  3  Taurasi, Diana   6' 0" (1.83m)  163 lb (74kg)   06-11-1982   Connecticut 10  13  Taylor, Penny   6' 1" (1.85m)  165 lb (75kg)   05-24-1981   Australia 12 | Head coach  Sandy Brondello (Western Sydney) Assistant coaches  Julie Hairgrove (Arizona)
Todd Troxel (Doane) Athletic trainer  Tamara Poole (Cal State Dominguez Hills) Strength and conditioning coach Pro Advantage Training   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(FA)** Free agent * **(IN)** Inactive * **(S)** Suspended * Injured |

| Chicago Sky roster | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Nat. Name   Height  Weight   DOB   From Yrs  25  Brandon, Gennifer   6' 2" (1.88m)  164 lb (74kg)   11-23-1990   California R  51  Breland, Jessica   6' 3" (1.91m)  170 lb (77kg)   02-23-1988   North Carolina 2  0  Clements, Courtney   6' 0" (1.83m)  157 lb (71kg)   11-12-1989   San Diego State 1  G/F 11  Delle Donne, Elena   6' 5" (1.96m)  188 lb (85kg)   09-05-1989   Delaware 1  21  Faulkner, Jamierra   5' 6" (1.68m)  141 lb (64kg)   03-09-1992   Southern Miss R  34  Fowles, Sylvia   6' 6" (1.98m)  208 lb (94kg)   10-06-1985   LSU 6  9  Gatling, Markeisha   6' 5" (1.96m)  255 lb (116kg)   07-14-1992   NC State R  45  Goodlett, Sasha   6' 5" (1.96m)  239 lb (108kg)   08-09-1990   Georgia Tech 2  10  Prince, Epiphanny   5' 9" (1.75m)  164 lb (74kg)   01-11-1988   Rutgers 4  14  Quigley, Allie   5' 10" (1.78m)  140 lb (64kg)   06-20-1986   DePaul 5  22  Vandersloot, Courtney   5' 8" (1.73m)  132 lb (60kg)   02-08-1989   Gonzaga 3  1  Young, Tamera   6' 2" (1.88m)  172 lb (78kg)   10-30-1986   James Madison 6 | Head coach  Pokey Chatman (LSU) Assistant coaches  Tree Rollins (Clemson)
Christie Sides (Louisiana Tech) Athletic trainer  Christie Sides (Louisiana Tech) Strength and conditioning coach  Ann Crosby (Western Michigan)   ---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(FA)** Free agent * **(IN)** Inactive * **(S)** Suspended * Injured |

## InfoBox

2014 WNBA Finals
| Team Coach Wins  Phoenix Mercury Sandy Brondello 3  Chicago Sky Pokey Chatman 0 | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | September 7–12 |
| MVP | Diana Taurasi (Phoenix) |
| Eastern finals | Chicago defeated Indiana, 2–1 |
| Western finals | Phoenix defeated Minnesota, 2–1 |
|


title: John Pascoe (mountaineer)

abstract: John Dobrée Pascoe was a New Zealand mountaineer, photographer, writer, editor, historian and archivist.

text:
# John Pascoe (mountaineer)

**John Dobrée Pascoe** (26 September 1908 – 20 October 1972) was a New Zealand mountaineer, photographer, writer, editor, historian and archivist.

## Early life

Pascoe was born in Christchurch, New Zealand in 1908. His twin brother was Paul, who would later become a notable architect. John Pascoe received his education at Sumner School and Christ's College. He joined his father's law firm and studied the subject, but did not graduate.

## Career

Pascoe was bored with legal work, so he enquired with Joe Heenan, the under-secretary for the Department of Internal Affairs, whether there were employment opportunities. Pascoe was put on a team working on the 1940 centennial publications, and he thus moved to Wellington.

Pascoe was appointed Official War Photographer in 1942. His photographs concentrated on social experiences of workers in wartime New Zealand; many became iconic representations of New Zealand's domestic experience of that war.

After the war, Pascoe was the founding secretary of the National Historic Places Trust in 1955. In 1960 he was controller of the Wildlife Branch. As National Archivist, he convinced the government statistician to keep the 1966 census forms for future research. Unlike most other countries, New Zealand had never kept its census forms, and upon Pascoe's initiative, the 1976 and 1986 forms were subsequently also kept and are in secure storage.

## Mountaineering

Pascoe climbed extensively throughout the South Island of New Zealand. It is claimed he summited over 100 peaks, of which some 23 were first ascents. For his work on New Zealand mountaineering, literature, mapping and photography, he was made a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.

In 1934, Pascoe led an expedition to the Garden of Eden Ice Plateau, giving the plateau its name and establishing the convention of biblical names for features in that area. Pascoe's name for the plateau was originally rejected by the New Zealand Geographic Board for its biblical origins, with the Board suggesting that it be given a name derived from classical mythology instead.

Pascoe never climbed without his camera and notebook, records from which contributed to a stream of publications.

## Publications

Books written by John Pascoe include:

* *Unclimbed New Zealand*, Allen & Unwin, 1939 (reprinted 1950, 1954)
* *The Mountains, the Bush and the Sea*, Whitcombe & Tombs, 1950 (2nd edition 1958)
* *The Southern Alps (part 1) – from the Kaikouras to the Rangitata*, Pegasus Press 1951 (revised edition 1956)
* *Land Uplifted High*, Whitcombe & Tombs, 1952 (2nd edition 1961)
* *Mr Explorer Douglas*, Reed, 1957 (reprinted 1957, 1969; revised edition by Graham Langton Canterbury University Press, 2000)
* *Great Days in New Zealand Mountaineering*, Reed, 1958
* *Great Days in New Zealand Exploration*, Reed, 1959 (reprinted in paperback, 1976)
* *National Parks of New Zealand*, Government Printer, 1965 (2nd edition 1971, 3rd edition 1974)
* *Oxford New Zealand Encyclopedia*, edited with Laura Salt, Oxford University Press 1965
* *The Haast is in South Westland*, Reed, 1966 (reprinted, 1968)
* *New Zealand from the Air – in Colour*, Reed, 1968 (photographs by R. J. Griffiths)
* *Of Unknown New Zealand*, McIndoe, 1971
* *Exploration New Zealand*, Reed, 1971 (new edition as *Explorers and Travellers*, 1983

## InfoBox

| John Pascoe | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | John Dobrée Pascoe
(1908-09-26)26 September 1908
Christchurch, New Zealand |
| Died | 20 October 1972(1972-10-20) (aged 64)
Christchurch, New Zealand |


title: Canambie Homestead

abstract: Canambie Homestead is a heritage-listed plantation at 12 Dixon Road, Buderim, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1883. It is also known as Joseph Dixon's House. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 22 October 2000.

text:
# Canambie Homestead

**Canambie Homestead** is a heritage-listed plantation at 12 Dixon Road, Buderim, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c.1883. It is also known as Joseph Dixon's House. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 22 October 2000.

## History

Canambie Homestead was erected probably in the early 1880s for Buderim Mountain sugar planter and sugar mill owner Joseph Chapman Dixon, his wife Elizabeth Alice Fielding, and family. The name "canambie" reputedly is an indigenous word meaning "black plum". The place is still utilised as a residence, and remains one of the earliest surviving sawn-timber houses on the plateau.

JC Dixon emigrated from Liverpool to Melbourne in mid-1864, when in his early twenties. He moved almost immediately to Sydney, where he worked in a variety of occupations for several years. In 1868, lured by reports of the success of the sugar industry in Queensland, Dixon and two fellow members of the Society of Friends visited the Moreton Bay district. The party was guided by timbergetter William Grigor to the Mooloolah Plains, as yet unselected, then returned to Sydney. In 1869 JC Dixon returned to Queensland with four other Friends, all of whom selected land on the Mooloolah River, and commenced sugar cane cultivation. Dixon in partnership with Herbert Everett selected land downstream, which proved a poor choice - their sugar crop was badly damaged by floods. They abandoned the selection and moved to a sugar plantation on Doughboy Creek, near Brisbane. When at Mooloolah, Dixon had heard from a timbergetter about Buderim Mountain. Selling his interest in the Doughboy Creek property to Everett, Dixon made the first application to select land on Buderim Mountain, in June 1870.

From the early 1860s, Buderim Mountain had been extensively logged, principally for the fine stands of red cedar and white beech, which was shipped to Brisbane via William Pettigrew's wharf on the Mooloolah River. In mid-1870 the plateau was opened for selection. Dixon took up adjoining portions 44 (80 acres (32 ha)) and 53 (30 acres (12 ha)), parish of Mooloolah, in June and August 1870 respectively, erecting as his first residence a slab hut on portion 44. Many of the first selections were taken up for their timber resources (e.g. Pettigrew's and Grigor's selections), and early agriculturalists made an income from timber while clearing the land. Dixon also ran cattle on the plateau, which he slaughtered and sold to his neighbours in return for their labour, and hired a teamster to drive a bullock team hauling timber to the coast. At the Queensland census of 1 September 1871, the farming district of Mount Buderan contained only 3 inhabited houses. Within a few years more land had been selected, and from 1 April 1874 Thomas Ridley, who had selected portion 45 within a day of Dixon's first selection in June 1870, operated the Buderim Mountain postal receiving office.

In 1873, Joseph Chapman Dixon married Elizabeth Alice Fielding of Eagle Farm, near Brisbane, returning with his bride to the slab hut on Buderim Mountain. By August 1874, Dixon was cultivating principally maize and sugar cane, with some coffee. By the mid-1870s, sugar cane was grown extensively on Buderim Mountain, with planters utilising South Sea Islander labour. In 1875, JC Dixon and his father-in-law John Fielding went into partnership to established the mountain's first sugar mill, which was erected on part of portion 47 (Mill Road is indicative of the site). Fielding and Dixon purchased an evaporating-pan sugar plant from Fountains of Burpengary, who had imported it from Scotland. The site was surveyed and burnt off in late 1875, the sheds and chimney were erected through early and mid-1876, Fountains dismantled the plant and sent it by steamboat to the Maroochy River in July, in August the plant was brought by bullock wagon up the mountain, and the first cane was crushed in October 1876. In the early 1880s, Dixon and Fielding converted to the vacuum pan system of sugar production, to increase efficiency.

By 1881, JC Dixon was one of the largest landholders on Buderim Mountain, having acquired the freehold of nearly 480 acres (190 ha) and the leasehold of another 80 acres (32 ha), and was in partnership with John Fielding in the freehold of another 200 acres (81 ha) and the 3 acres (1.2 ha) mill site. By the mid-1880s he had acquired another 1,000 acres (400 ha) of scrub land running down the southeast side of the mountain to Mountain Creek.

It is not clear when Dixon erected Canambie Homestead, which sits on part of what was formerly portion 53. Information recorded in the Caboolture Divisional Board Valuation Register of 1881 suggests that Dixon worked contiguous portions 24, 44 and 53 (a total of 130 acres (53 ha)) as one farm, and that in 1881 improvements comprised 4 slab houses, 40 acres (16 ha) under cultivation, and some fencing. With all the land that Dixon and Fielding held on Buderim in 1881, between them they owned only 1 sawn-timber house, and that was located on portion 45, formerly owned by Thomas Ridley and by then jointly owned by Dixon and Fielding. It may be that the Dixon-Fielding families were sharing a house at that period. A similar pattern was recorded in 1882. There does not appear to be a record for 1883, but by 1884, Dixon's combined portions 44 and 53 (110 acres (45 ha)) were improved with a sawn house and stables and a slab house with outbuildings. The data does not make it clear on which block the sawn-timber house was located, but it likely refers to Canambie Homestead.

Besides being one of the principal employers and largest landowners on Buderim Mountain, JC Dixon was an active member of the local community. He was instrumental in the establishment of a provisional school at Buderim Mountain in 1875-76, and served as secretary of the School Committee from 1876 until at least 1888. By July 1876 he had been appointed a Justice of the Peace, and in the same year took over the operation of the Buderim Mountain postal receiving office from Thomas Ridley. When the receiving office was elevated to a post office in June 1884, JC Dixon was appointed the first postmaster, a position he held until March 1892, when the job passed to Buderim storekeeper John Kerle Burnett. In August 1888, he was appointed a trustee of the new Buderim School of Arts. In mid-1895 he opened a school for his South Sea Islander employees.

In 1880 a second sugar mill on the mountain - The Buderim Mountain Sugar Company Mill - was established by local growers, with financial backing from James Campbell and Sons. At this period there were still only 7 main farming families on Buderim Mountain, but they were able to support two sugar mills. Buderim farmers initially made a good return from sugar. Between 1881 and 1884, many of the early slab homes were replaced with sawn-timber houses, and by the late 1880s a small village had developed around the intersection of the two principal roads on the mountain (now Main and Ballinger). From 1885, however, legislation designed to curtail the employment of South Sea Islanders on sugar plantations forced most Buderim Mountain sugar planters to turn to alternative crops - principally bananas and oranges. By August 1889 the Buderim Mountain Sugar Company Mill had closed. JC Dixon was the only Buderim Mountain farmer still growing sugar cane on a commercial scale.

Dixon claimed in his reminiscences that by 1896 the returns from sugar no longer justified production costs, hence he closed the mill that had been operating for 20 years. He may also have been fearful of the competition likely to be generated by the new Moreton Guarantee Sugar Mill, erected at Nambour in 1896-97, which became the central mill for the Buderim-Maroochy-Mooloolah-Nambour district. In 1896 he sold the stock, stores, plant and some of the houses associated with his mill, but retained his Buderim land.

Although Dixon had taken up land at Flaxton on the Blackall Range by the early 1890s, and was developing it with coffee and orange trees from 1892, when he sold the Buderim mill he moved to Gympie, where he spent the next 11 years in the boot trade (backed by his brother Thomas Coar Dixon, boot manufacturer of Brisbane). Dixon then sold out and returned to Flaxton, where he established a successful dairy and worked his citrus orchard. It is understood that Joseph and Elizabeth Dixon remained at Flaxton until their deaths in the late 1920s. On Buderim Mountain, the family is commemorated in the naming of Dixon and Mill roads and Fielding Street.

John North Burnett, son of Buderim Mountain's first storekeeper, John Kerle Burnett, may have occupied Canambie after the Dixons moved to Gympie. Around 1900, John North Burnett was recorded as a fruit grower and boarding house keeper on Buderim Mountain - whether he had converted Canambie into a boarding house has not been verified - but by 1903 the family had moved to a farm at Brookfield, near Brisbane. In 1905, title to about 16.5 acres (6.7 ha) of portion 53, containing the Canambie Homestead site, was transferred from Dixon to John North Burnett, farmer, of Brookfield. In 1910, the title passed to his brother, Charles Arthur Burnett. Title changed hands several times in the 1930s, until acquired by the Hamilton family in 1938, who kept the property until the late 1960s or 1970s. It is understood that new owners in the 1970s undertook considerable restoration work on the house, which was by then on a considerably reduced block. A detached building was erected in the backyard c.1970s, utilising similar materials and detailing to the homestead.

## Description

Canambie Homestead is located on a substantial suburban block in central Buderim, on the high ridge which forms the spine of the plateau, facing southeast.

It is a substantial, single-storeyed, exposed-frame timber building, constructed of local beech (floors, wall linings and ceilings), red cedar (joinery), and hardwoods (framing and roof structure), and set on low stumps, some of which have been replaced with concrete blocks. It has a short-ridged roof clad with corrugated iron, covering early shingle battens. The core of the house is surrounded by verandahs with simple chamfered posts with timber capitals and decorative timber brackets supporting the verandah roofs, which are separate from the main roof. These are lined with the same wide, single-bead boards used on the walls. French doors open from each room onto the verandahs. The rear verandah has been enclosed at the northern end with wide, chamfered slabs, and currently functions as the kitchen. The floors of this enclosed verandah are of the same wide beech boards as the interior floors; the remainder of the verandah flooring is of more recent narrow hardwood boards.

The core has a long, wide central hallway, from which doors open off to the front parlour and rear dining room to the left, and to three equal-sized bedrooms to the right. Above each of the internal doors is a decorative timber fretwork ventilation panel. Three folding cedar doors between the parlour and dining room, can be opened to create one large entertaining space. The dining room has a fireplace backing onto the hallway wall, with a fine cedar fireplace surround and the chimney clad with the same wide, tongue and groove, single- bead timber as lines the walls and ceilings throughout the core. Between the fireplace and the rear wall is a built-in dresser or sideboard.

Ceilings throughout have been painted white, but the walls are oiled, and have developed a rich patina. Joinery and doors throughout are of varnished red cedar, excluding the rear door at the end of the hallway, which of more recent vintage. The internal floors have been sanded and coated recently with a polyurethane finish.

A detached c.1970s building is located in the backyard, adjacent to the main house. It is a timber structure resting on a cement slab, and mimics in detailing the earlier house, with verandahs on three sides, the same timber posts and brackets as the main house, an exposed timber frame lined with wide single-bead silky oak boards, and French doors opening onto the north verandah. The interior space is one large room.

The house is set well back from the street, behind a high, late 20th century timber fence. Trees in the front grounds appear to date from the same period, and there is little evidence of an earlier garden layout. On the southern side of the house, attached to the verandah, is a timber trellis supporting a very old grape vine, which is likely to be associated with much earlier times.

## Heritage listing

Canambie Homestead was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 22 October 2000 having satisfied the following criteria.

**The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.**

Canambie Homestead, erected probably in the early 1880s, is important in demonstrating the early development of Buderim Mountain as an agricultural settlement, in particular the early success of sugar growing and sugar milling in the district.

**The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.**

It is one of the oldest surviving residences on the plateau, remains substantially intact, and is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of an early 1880s farmhouse of substantial proportions and fine detailing and workmanship, constructed of local timbers no longer generally available.

**The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.**

It is one of the oldest surviving residences on the plateau, remains substantially intact, and is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of an early 1880s farmhouse of substantial proportions and fine detailing and workmanship, constructed of local timbers no longer generally available.

**The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.**

The materials, timber detailing and workmanship, and simple plan and form, demonstrate a strong aesthetic quality.

**The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.**

The place is one of the finest early residences on the mountain and has a special association for the Buderim community with its heritage.

**The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.**

Canambie Homestead is significant for its close association with one of the earliest settler families on Buderim Mountain, the JC Dixon, who in partnership with John Fielding, established the first sugar mill on Buderim Mountain, 1876-1896.

### Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on *"The Queensland heritage register"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the *"Queensland heritage register boundaries"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014).

Media related to Canambie Homestead at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Canambie Homestead | |
| --- | --- |
| Canambie Homestead, 2000 | |
| Location | 12 Dixon Road, Buderim, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia |
| Coordinates | 26°41′08″S 153°04′15″E / 26.6856°S 153.0708°E / -26.6856; 153.0708 |
| Design period | 1870s–1890s (late 19th century) |
| Built | c.1883 |
|  | |
| Queensland Heritage Register | |
| Official name | Canambie Homestead, Joseph Dixon's House |
| Type | state heritage (built) |
| Designated | 22 October 2000 |
| Reference no. | 602166 |
| Significant period | 1880s (fabric)<br>1880s–1970s (historical) |
| Significant components | farmhouse, plantings – exotic |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Canambie Homestead in QueenslandCanambie Homestead (Australia) | |


title: Esteban Manuel de Villegas

abstract: Esteban Manuel de Villegas was a 17th-century Spanish poet.

text:
# Esteban Manuel de Villegas

**Esteban Manuel de Villegas** (5 February 1589, in Matute, La Rioja – 3 September 1669, in Nájera, La Rioja) was a 17th-century Spanish poet.

## Biography

Villegas studied grammar in Madrid and later enrolled at the University of Salamanca on 20 November 1610. There he obtained a degree in Law, though he never entered the legal profession. Though he was the royal treasurer in Nájera, he did not obtain any of the positions he wanted. Despite coming from a wealthy family, he spent his entire life in financial difficulties due to his numerous children and his continuous involvement in litigation. At the age of 36, he married Doña Antonia de Leyva Villodas, twenty years younger than him. In 1659 he was tried by the Inquisition which accused him of believing himself in possession of the absolute truth. He was jailed after responding that he knew more about thorny questions than the Church Fathers. He wrote satires against religious communities. Many of these writings are lost, as they were confiscated by the Inquisition. The Inquisition condemned him to four years of exile in Santa María Ribarredonda, but he was pardoned after a year. It seems probable that the rest of the sentence was remitted, for the report of the local inquisition lays stress on Villegas’s simple piety, on the extravagance of his attire, and on the eccentricity of his general conduct and conversation, so marked as to suggest a mental disturbance. He died at the age of 80 in Nájera.

## Works

Villegas wrote a lyrical book that was very original for its time, "Las Eróticas" (Nájera, 1618, later widely reprinted, especially by Sancha in Madrid, 1774 and 1797), the title-page of which bore under a rising sun the motto "Me surgente, quid istae?". This book earned him more than a few enemies because of his excessive pride, and he tried to suppress the emblem of the copies that he could; Lope de la Vega referred to this in his *Laurels for Apollo*, but did not mention Villegas by name.

The book is divided into two parts; the first is written in heptasyllables, imitation of Anacreontic style and matter; the second is in endecasyllables, being historical in content. It contained very delicate poems in short meters, which he managed with special skill. This book of poems contains very free translations of Horace, elegies, idylls, epigrams and some sonnets. It handles the syllables quantitatively and it uses Sapphic, Adonic, and Anacreontic meters rather than the forms then current in Spanish literature. This is why his poetry is purely formal, strictly following form and with many circumlocutions. For this reason he set a strong precedent for Neoclassicism in the 18th century. His longer works have a strong flavour of culterano, as in his *Ode to Philip III*. His intention to introduce quantitative meter only appears in his introduction to the "adónicos sáficos", since these lend themselves well to a hendecasyllabic form:

He also, fortunately, tried to adapt Spanish poetry to the Anacreontic style; he was imitated during the 18th century in this lyric subgenre, specially cultivated in Villegas' style, particularly by Juan Meléndez Valdés and José Iglesias de la Casa. Also his gracefully rhythmic pastoral "Cantilenas" was much imitated. At an advanced age, he translated Boethius' "De consolatione Philosophiae" and, wiser after his encounter with the Inquisition, left in Latin the part corresponding to free will. He wrote in addition two volumes to "Disertaciones" in which he commented on the classics which had been lost. This work was lost into the hands of Father Martín Sarmiento shortly thereafter. In addition he composed "Discurso contra las comedias" and "Antiteatro", which were never published.


title: Saint-Léon-sur-l'Isle station

abstract: Saint-Léon-sur-l'Isle is a railway station in Saint-Léon-sur-l'Isle, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station is located on the Coutras - Tulle railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

text:
# Saint-Léon-sur-l'Isle station

**Saint-Léon-sur-l'Isle** is a railway station in Saint-Léon-sur-l'Isle, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station is located on the Coutras - Tulle railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

## Train services

The station is served by regional trains towards Bordeaux, Périgueux, Limoges and Brive-la-Gaillarde.

| Preceding station | TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine | | | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Neuvictowards Bordeaux |  | 31 |  | Saint-Astiertowards Limoges |
| |  | 32 |  | Saint-Astiertowards Ussel |

45°07′25″N 0°29′32″E / 45.12361°N 0.49222°E / 45.12361; 0.49222


title: Scagglethorpe

abstract: Scagglethorpe is a village and civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated just south from the A64 road, 3 miles (5 km) east from Malton and almost midway between York and Scarborough. Until 1974 the village lay in the historic county boundaries of the East Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Ryedale district. It is now administered by North Yorkshire Council. To the east of Bull Piece Lane, 700 yards (640 m) south from the village, is evidence of Iron Age or Roman ditches and rectilinear enclosures, and within the village have been found fragments of Roman pottery from the 1st century CE. On Charlton Place is the site of a medieval manor house. Just south from the A64, 500 yards (457 m) west from the village, have been found Roman coins and a Celtic brooch. In the 1086 Domesday Book Scagglethorpe is written as "Scachetorp". The manor, in the East Riding Hundred of Scard, comprised one household. Lordship of the manor had passed to Robert, Count of Mortain, who also became Tenant-in-chief. Scagglethorpe is derived from the Viking word "Schachetorp", meaning hamlet of a man called Skakull or Skakli. On Village Street is Scagglethorpe Manor, a Grade II listed 17th-century farmhouse with an early-19th-century wing. Pevsner also notes a c. 1816 Gothic-style Wesleyan Methodist chapel and a cottage with a Gothic porch. The chapel is part of the Malton Methodist Circuit. Village facilities include a public house, playing field and a village hall.

text:
# Scagglethorpe

**Scagglethorpe** is a village and civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated just south from the A64 road, 3 miles (5 km) east from Malton and almost midway between York and Scarborough.

Until 1974 the village lay in the historic county boundaries of the East Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Ryedale district. It is now administered by North Yorkshire Council.

To the east of Bull Piece Lane, 700 yards (640 m) south from the village, is evidence of Iron Age or Roman ditches and rectilinear enclosures, and within the village have been found fragments of Roman pottery from the 1st century CE. On Charlton Place is the site of a medieval manor house. Just south from the A64, 500 yards (457 m) west from the village, have been found Roman coins and a Celtic brooch.

In the 1086 *Domesday Book* Scagglethorpe is written as "Scachetorp". The manor, in the East Riding Hundred of Scard, comprised one household. Lordship of the manor had passed to Robert, Count of Mortain, who also became Tenant-in-chief.

Scagglethorpe is derived from the Viking word "Schachetorp", meaning hamlet of a man called Skakull or Skakli.

On Village Street is Scagglethorpe Manor, a Grade II listed 17th-century farmhouse with an early-19th-century wing. *Pevsner* also notes a c.1816 Gothic-style Wesleyan Methodist chapel and a cottage with a Gothic porch. The chapel is part of the Malton Methodist Circuit.

Village facilities include a public house, playing field and a village hall.

Media related to Scagglethorpe at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Scagglethorpe | |
| --- | --- |
| Scagglethorpe Crossing | |
| ScagglethorpeLocation within North Yorkshire | |
| Population | 220 (2011 census) |
| OS grid reference | SE835725 |
| London | 188 mi (303 km) south |
| Civil parish | * Scagglethorpe |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Ceremonial county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | MALTON |
| Postcode district | YO17 |
|  | |
| Police | North Yorkshire |
| Fire | North Yorkshire |
| Ambulance | Yorkshire |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Private Bom

abstract: Private Bom is a 1948 Swedish comedy film directed by Lars-Eric Kjellgren and starring Nils Poppe, Inga Landgré and Gunnar Björnstrand. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nils Svenwall. It was part of a series starring Poppe as Fabian Bom.

text:
# Private Bom

***Private Bom*** (Swedish: ***Soldat Bom***) is a 1948 Swedish comedy film directed by Lars-Eric Kjellgren and starring Nils Poppe, Inga Landgré and Gunnar Björnstrand. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nils Svenwall. It was part of a series starring Poppe as Fabian Bom.

## Cast

1. Qvist & Von Bagh p.55

## Bibliography

* Qvist, Per Olov & von Bagh, Peter. *Guide to the Cinema of Sweden and Finland*. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000.

## InfoBox

| Private Bom | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Lars-Eric Kjellgren |
| Written by | Paul Baudisch
Nils Poppe
Adolf Schütz |
| Produced by | Harald Molander |
| Starring | Nils Poppe
Inga Landgré
Gunnar Björnstrand |
| Cinematography | Gunnar Fischer |
| Edited by | Oscar Rosander |
| Music by | Kai Gullmar
Sune Waldimir |
| Production
company | Fribergs Filmbyrå AB |
| Distributed by | Fribergs Filmbyrå |
| Release date | * 15 December 1948 (1948-12-15) |
| Running time | 89 minutes |
| Country | Sweden |
| Language | Swedish |


title: Carts of Darkness

abstract: Carts of Darkness is a 2008 National Film Board of Canada documentary film by Murray Siple about a group of homeless men in the city of North Vancouver, who use shopping carts to collect bottles and cans to return for money and also race down the city's steep slope for thrills. The subjects in the film control the carts using only their weight and one foot, during descents that cross intersections, with top speeds claimed to be as high as 70 km/h. Siple, a former director of extreme sports videos and an avid skateboarder and snowboarder, became a paraplegic after a car accident in 1996. His first film after his accident, Carts of Darkness allowed the filmmaker to regain the excitement he had experienced with extreme sports and to relate to a fellow group of outsiders.

text:
# Carts of Darkness

***Carts of Darkness*** is a 2008 National Film Board of Canada documentary film by Murray Siple about a group of homeless men in the city of North Vancouver, who use shopping carts to collect bottles and cans to return for money and also race down the city's steep slope for thrills.

The subjects in the film control the carts using only their weight and one foot, during descents that cross intersections, with top speeds claimed to be as high as 70 km/h.

Siple, a former director of extreme sports videos and an avid skateboarder and snowboarder, became a paraplegic after a car accident in 1996. His first film after his accident, *Carts of Darkness* allowed the filmmaker to regain the excitement he had experienced with extreme sports and to relate to a fellow group of outsiders.

## Reception

*Carts of Darkness* was shown at public screenings in Vancouver and Victoria, with the film's subjects in attendance. It was also selected for the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival. The film received the Leo Award for Best Documentary Program in the Nature/ Environment/Adventure/Science/Technology category as well as the award for best documentary over 30 minutes at the Picture This Film Festival in Calgary.

## InfoBox

| Carts of Darkness | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Murray Siple |
| Written by | Murray Siple |
| Produced by | Tracey Friesen |
| Cinematography | Christian Bégin |
| Edited by | Michael Brockington |
| Production<br>company | National Film Board of Canada |
| Release date | * 2008 (2008) |
| Country | Canada |


title: Kuntuyuq

abstract: Kuntuyuq or Quntuyuq is an archaeological site with rock paintings on a mountain of the same name in Peru. It lies in the Pasco Region, Daniel Alcides Carrion Province, Chacayan District, in the community of Iskayqucha, north-west of the lake Allqaqucha. The mountain rises up to 4,475 metres (14,682 ft) above sea level. The archaeological site of Kuntuyuq is situated at a height of about 4,433 metres (14,544 ft).

text:
# Kuntuyuq

**Kuntuyuq** or **Quntuyuq** (Quechua *kuntu, quntu* fragrance, aroma, *-yuq* a suffix, "the one with a fragrance", Hispanicized spelling *Contuyog, Cuntuyog*) is an archaeological site with rock paintings on a mountain of the same name in Peru. It lies in the Pasco Region, Daniel Alcides Carrion Province, Chacayan District, in the community of Iskayqucha (Quechua for "two lakes", Hispanicized *Iscaycocha*), north-west of the lake Allqaqucha. The mountain rises up to 4,475 metres (14,682 ft) above sea level. The archaeological site of Kuntuyuq is situated at a height of about 4,433 metres (14,544 ft).

1. "Cerro Cuntuyog". mincetur. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
2. Teofilo Laime Ajacopa, Diccionario Bilingüe Iskay simipi yuyayk'ancha, La Paz, 2007 (Quechua-Spanish dictionary)
3. "Pinturas rupestres de Cuntuyog". mincetur. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
4. escale.minedu.gob.pe - UGEL map of the Daniel Alcides Carrión Province (Pasco Region)

## InfoBox

Kuntuyuq
| Shown within Peru | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Peru, Pasco Region, Daniel Alcides Carrion Province, Chacayan District |
| Coordinates | 10°32′58″S 76°21′33″W / 10.54944°S 76.35917°W / -10.54944; -76.35917 |
| Height | 4,475 metres (14,682 ft) |


title: Ravenhill (band)

abstract: RAVENHILL is an American rock band. They are originally from southern Illinois relocated to Nashville, Tennessee, but now reside near the Dallas, Texas, area. The band started making music in 2009. Their membership is Joshua Clifton, Brady Clifton, Kalen Orr, & Logan Gavaldon with former members Dane Johns,Aaron Broach,Keith Schaubert,Coleman Fitch, Dane Johns(Sleeping Tapes,alliswell), David Curtis(Run Kid Run,SideWalkSlam), Kyle Hassenfratz, Taylor Chance, and Jonathan Raby. The band released an album, Ladies and Gentlemen, I Present To You..., independently in 2009. Their next release, the EP Live on Delmar, was released independently in 2010. They released a second extended play, Lions, in 2011, also independently. Their first studio album, Soul, was released by Slospeak Records in 2015. They released an EP called “Spirit” on Honey Gold Records in 2018. Later on August 3 in the same year, RAVENHILL released “Midnight Gold” on Honey Gold Records.

text:
# Ravenhill (band)

**RAVENHILL** is an American rock band. They are originally from southern Illinois relocated to Nashville, Tennessee, but now reside near the Dallas, Texas, area. The band started making music in 2009. Their membership is Joshua Clifton, Brady Clifton, Kalen Orr, & Logan Gavaldon with former members Dane Johns,Aaron Broach,Keith Schaubert,Coleman Fitch, Dane Johns(Sleeping Tapes,alliswell), David Curtis(Run Kid Run,SideWalkSlam), Kyle Hassenfratz, Taylor Chance, and Jonathan Raby. The band released an album, *Ladies and Gentlemen, I Present To You...*, independently in 2009. Their next release, the EP *Live on Delmar*, was released independently in 2010. They released a second extended play, *Lions*, in 2011, also independently. Their first studio album, *Soul*, was released by Slospeak Records in 2015. They released an EP called “Spirit” on Honey Gold Records in 2018. Later on August 3 in the same year, RAVENHILL released “Midnight Gold” on Honey Gold Records.

## Background

Ravenhill, which is named after Leonard Ravenhill, is a Southern rock band from southern Illinois around West Frankfort and Herrin. In 2010, the band moved to Nashville, Tennessee, and signed to indie record label Slospeak Records. Their members are vocalist and guitarist Joshua Clifton, guitarists Taylor Chance and Mike Bay, bassist Brady Clifton, and drummer Kyle Hassenfratz, with their former members guitarist Dan Johns and drummers Coleman Fitch and Jonathan Raby, the latter also performing background vocals for the group.

## Music history

The band commenced as a musical entity in 2009 with their first release, *Ladies and Gentlemen, I Present To You...*, an independently released album. They released an extended play, *Live on Delmar*, independently in 2010. The subsequent release, yet another extended play, *Lions*, was released independently on May 20, 2011. Their first studio album, *Soul*, was released on March 24, 2015, from Slospeak Records. The single "Mercy" hit to No. 20 on the *Billboard* magazine Christian rock chart.

## Members

### Current members

* Joshua Clifton – lead vocals, guitar
* Kalen Orr - Guitar, Backing Vocals, Producer
* Brady Clifton – bass, background vocals
* Logan Gavaldon – drums

### Former members

* Mike Bay – guitar
* Taylor Chance – guitar
* Coleman Fitch – drums
* Dane Johns – guitar
* Jon Raby – drums, background vocals
* Chris Goode – drums
* Aaron Broach – keys
* David Curtis – guitar
* Jeremy Jackson – bass
* Kyle Hassenfratz – drums

## Discography

### Studio albums

* *Ladies and Gentlemen, I Present To You...* (2009, independent)
* *Soul* (March 24, 2015, Slospeak)

### EPs

* *Live on Delmar* (2010, independent)
* *Lions* (May 20, 2011, independent)
* *Merry Christmas Ya Filthy Animals(LIVE & RAW)* (December 10, 2021, Honey Gold Records)
* *Merry Christmas Ya Filthy Animals(LIVE & RAW)* (December 10, 2021, Honey Gold Records)

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart Positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
Chr Rock |
| 2015 | "Mercy" | 20 |

## InfoBox

| RAVENHILL | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Southern Illinois |
| Genres | Alternative rock, soul, Southern rock |
| Years active | 2009 (2009)–present |
| Labels | HONEY GOLD RECORDS |
|  | |
| Members | Joshua Clifton
Kalen Orr
Brady Clifton
Logan Gavaldon
 |
|  | |
| Past members | Keith Schaubert
David Curtis
Dane Johns
Aaron Broach
Taylor Chance
Coleman Fitch
Dane Johns
Jonathan Raby
Kyle Hassenfratz
Mike Bay
NIGHT RAINBOW SUPERMOON |
|  | |
| Website | ravenhillband.com |


title: Scythris nylstroomensis

abstract: Scythris nylstroomensis is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Bengt Å. Bengtsson in 2014. It is found in South Africa (Limpopo).

text:
# Scythris nylstroomensis

***Scythris nylstroomensis*** is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Bengt Å. Bengtsson in 2014. It is found in South Africa (Limpopo).

## InfoBox

| *Scythris nylstroomensis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Scythrididae |
| Genus: | *Scythris* |
| Species: | ***S. nylstroomensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Scythris nylstroomensis***<br>Bengtsson, 2014 | |
|


title: US Macouria

abstract: Union Sportive Macouria is a French Guiana football team playing at the top level. It is based in Macouria, and their home stadium is Stade Municipal.

text:
# US Macouria

**Union Sportive Macouria** is a French Guiana football team playing at the top level. It is based in Macouria, and their home stadium is Stade Municipal.

## Achievements

2006/07 2005/06

## The club in the French football structure

1995/96, 2004/05

## Squad 2007/08

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

| No. Pos. Nation Player  GK  GUF Félici Akoeba  DF  GUF Thierry Dimanche  DF  GUF Ewald Sabajo  DF  GUF Patrick Rene  DF  GUF Yannick Ponet  DF  GUF Willem Glissant  DF  GUF Germaine Spencer  DF  GUF Keegan Bonett  DF  GUF Daniel Castor  DF  GUF Henrique Smail  DF  GUF Hervé Gervais  DF  GUF Olivier Ridarch  MF  GUF Albéric Amaranthe  MF  GUF Freddy Rheny | No. Pos. Nation Player  MF  GUF José Tingo  MF  GUF Thierry Bourdon  MF  GUF Evans Morisseau  MF  GUF Sébastien Ventose  MF  GUF Joseph Bendayo  MF  GUF Erwin Pikimiento  MF  GUF Claude Dambury  MF  GUF Ricardo Saint Clair  FW  GUF Anson Hudson  FW  GUF Daniel Dambury  FW  GUF Mario Clothilde  FW  GUF Loan Azor  FW  GUF Christian Torvic |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

U.S. Macouria
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Union Sportive de Macouria |
| Ground | Stade Municipal,<br>Macouria, French Guiana |
| Capacity | 2,000 |
| Chairman | Steve Louvrier-Saint-Mary |
| Manager | Olivier Ridarch |
| League | Championnat National |
| 2010–11 | 5th |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Côney

abstract: The Côney is a 55.3-kilometre (34.4 mi) long river in the Vosges and Haute-Saône départements, northeastern France. Its source is near Lion Faing, a lieu-dit in Dounoux. It flows generally southwest. It is a left tributary of the Saône into which it flows in Corre. It shares its valley with the canal de l'Est on most of its course.

text:
# Côney

The **Côney** (French pronunciation: \[konɛ\]) is a 55.3-kilometre (34.4 mi) long river in the Vosges and Haute-Saône *départements*, northeastern France. Its source is near *Lion Faing*, a lieu-dit in Dounoux. It flows generally southwest. It is a left tributary of the Saône into which it flows in Corre.

It shares its valley with the canal de l'Est on most of its course.

## *Départements* and communes along its course

This list is ordered from source to mouth:

## InfoBox

| Côney | |
| --- | --- |
| The Côney at Fontenoy-le-Château | |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | France |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source |  |
| location | Dounoux |
| coordinates | 48°07′14″N 06°25′56″E / 48.12056°N 6.43222°E / 48.12056; 6.43222 |
| elevation | 425 m (1,394 ft) |
|  | |
| Mouth |  |
| location | Saône |
| coordinates | 47°54′41″N 05°59′41″E / 47.91139°N 5.99472°E / 47.91139; 5.99472 |
| elevation | 220 m (720 ft) |
| Length | 55 km (34 mi) |
| Basin size | 317 km2 (122 sq mi) |
|  | |
| Discharge |  |
| average | 5.29 m3/s (187 cu ft/s) |
|  | |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | SaôneRhôneMediterranean Sea |


title: Bruntsfield

abstract: Bruntsfield is a largely residential area around Bruntsfield Place in Southern Edinburgh, Scotland. In feudal times, it fell within the barony of Colinton.

text:
# Bruntsfield

**Bruntsfield** is a largely residential area around Bruntsfield Place in Southern Edinburgh, Scotland. In feudal times, it fell within the barony of Colinton.

## Location

Bruntsfield Place is less than 1 mile (1.6 km) south on the A702 main road from the West end of Edinburgh's principal street, Princes Street. The modern district of Bruntsfield lies west of Bruntsfield Links, beyond which lies the district of Marchmont. Merchiston is to the west and Tollcross to the north. To the south and east lies the former estate of Greenhill, and to the south Morningside. The estate built on land originally belonging to Bruntsfield House is called Marchmont, which the Warrender family began feuing in 1872. Many of the street names reflect the association with that family. The whole area lay within the Burgh Muir of Edinburgh, from which a former farm Burghmuirhead took its name which passed eventually to a small area within Bruntsfield. The Burgh Muir stretched all the way through from the present-day Meadows to the Braid Burn at the foot of the northern slopes of the Pentland Hills.

## History

The original name for the area was "Brounysfelde" or Brown's Fields, after the owner of Bruntsfield House, built on a pocket of land granted by the Crown within the Burgh Muir. A note in appendix 2 (number 1878) of the Great Seal of Scotland, 1306–1424, records a 1381 charter from the reign of Robert II which grants to William Lauder the lands of "Burrowmure in Edinburghshire", which had previously belonged to Richard Broun of Boroumore. He was the elder brother of Alan de Lawedre of the Haltoun House family, and in a further charter of the *Great Seal* of 4 June 1382, Alan succeeded his brother \[*fratrem dicti Alani*\] William de Lawedre in the lands of "Boroughmuir". It appears from subsequent charters that the Lauders acquired "Bruntisfield" at about the same time, unless it was all part and parcel of the 1381 acquisition. Sir Alexander Lauder of Blyth, Provost of Edinburgh, acquired from his father, Sir Alexander Lauder of Haltoun, Knt., in August 1497 "the lands of Brounisfeld, with the manor-house and gardens, park, herbarium, etc., except for one perticate of land at the east end, adjoining the ditch thereof, in the common muir of Edinburgh."

J.Stewart-Smith states that "Bruntsfield Manor", or as it is known today, **Bruntsfield House**, had been the dower house of each successive bride of the Lauders of Haltoun for 226 years.

Sir William Lauder of Haltoun (d. Nov 1596) invested his son, Sir Alexander Lauder, Knt., younger of Haltoun and Sheriff Principal of Edinburgh, and his mother in life-rent in Bruntsfield in 1587, and they resided in Bruntsfield Manor, being then estranged from the laird of Haltoun. They significantly rebuilt the mansion house. In 1603 Sir Alexander Lauder sold it to John Fairlie of the family of Braid. Fairlie carried out extensive work to the original building, which is incorporated in the present mansion. His great-grandson, William Fairlie of Brounsfield, was still in possession after the reign of Mary, Queen of Scots. He sold Brounisfield to George Warrender of Lochend  then Baillie (councillor) and afterwards Lord Provost of Edinburgh  in July 1695, and that family were still in possession in 1900. Until just before the Second World War the Union flag flew regularly over the house whenever the family were in residence. By 1915 the feuing of the Bruntsfield Estate Marchmont was complete and no more than seven acres around the house remained in possession of the family. The carriage drive from Whitehouse Loan which swept round the now demolished Victorian wing and along the Lime Walk to the stables with their own entrance close to the twentieth century putting green. Bruntsfield House passed into Council ownership and since the 1970s has been incorporated into James Gillespie's High School as the school's main admin block. The house was categorised as a Listed Building by Historic Scotland in the early days of that agency.

Bruntsfield was home to other mansions, not least that of Wrychtishousis on a site adjacent to present-day Gillespie Crescent. It was replaced by Gillespie's Hospital, built 1803–1805. The site is now occupied by offices of the Royal Blind Asylum and apartments for the elderly run by the Viewpoint Housing Association.

One conspicuous building is the original Boroughmuir School (1905) at Viewpark off Whitehouse Loan, before that school moved to nearby Viewforth in 1914. The building then became James Gillespie's School for Girls until it was transformed into a new comprehensive school built on the grounds of Bruntsfield House in 1973. After serving as an annexe to a number of schools over the years, the Viewpark building has been recently converted into student residences.

## Housing

The housing is mostly in the form of relatively high-quality tenements, interspersed with some large villas. In 2006 Bruntsfield was brought into the "S2" (southern zone 2) controlled parking zone, making much of the roadside parking available only to residents paying Council Tax and purchasing a permit. Other bays are pay-and-display.

## Education

The area is served by Bruntsfield Primary School and formerly the nearby secondary, Boroughmuir High School. The school closed in 2018 and a new school built to the north near the Union Canal, with the original school being converted to flats.

James Gillespie's High School lies in the south of the district.

## Public transport

The area is served by a number of bus routes operated by Lothian Buses including the 11, 15, 16, 23, 36 & 45.

## Communications

Bruntsfield falls primarily within the EH10 postcode district, and most of the area's telephone dialling codes (within the Edinburgh 0131 area code) are 228, 229, 447, 477 or the newer 452 (introduced in the 1980s). 656 is also now used.

## Parks

Bruntsfield Links is home to a pitch and putt golf course which serves as a reminder that it was one of the earliest places where golf was played in the Edinburgh area. The Links continue north east to Melville Drive where they meet The Meadows, a park formed after the old Burgh Loch was finally drained in the 19th century. At the southern end of the links, near Bruntsfield House, a sunken area formed by a former quarry is known locally as Tumbler's Hollow.

## Retail

The area has several restaurants and numerous small shops, many of which are gift shops (a good example being the Pooh Bear shop and Scotland's longest established worker co-operative).

## Religion

Bruntsfield falls in the Church of Scotland parishes of Barclay Viewforth Church and Morningside United Church. The junction where Bruntsfield meets Burghmuirhead on the road to Morningside is popularly known as "Holy Corner" from its cluster of Victorian churches.

## Bruntsfield in film and fiction

Because Muriel Spark, the author of the novel, was a Bruntsfield resident, one of the opening shots in the 1969 film *The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie* shows the title character setting out for school from her home at Admiral Terrace.

Bruntsfield is home to the character Isabel Dalhousie in *The Sunday Philosophy Club* series of books by Alexander McCall Smith which includes *The Right Attitude to Rain* and *The Careful Use of Compliments*. Isabel is a philosopher turned detective, who lives a "lady of leisure" lifestyle in a Bruntsfield townhouse. She frequents the quaint shops of the district, often visiting her niece who works in the local delicatessen.

## Notable people

1. Simon, Giles (24 May 2012). "Going through the gears: how Edinburgh Bicycle Co-operative has grown". *the Guardian*. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
* *The Grange of St. Giles*, by J.Stewart-Smith, Edinburgh, 1898.
* *The Buildings of Scotland - Edinburgh*, by John Gifford, Colin McWilliam and David Walker, Penguin Books Ltd., London, 1984, p. 496-7. ISBN 0-14-071068-X

## InfoBox

| Bruntsfield | |
| --- | --- |
| Bruntsfield Place | |
| BruntsfieldLocation within the City of Edinburgh council areaBruntsfieldLocation within Scotland | |
| OS grid reference | NT249718 |
| Council area |  |
| Lieutenancy area | * Edinburgh |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | EDINBURGH |
| Postcode district | EH10 |
| Dialling code | 0131 |
|  | |
| Police | Scotland |
| Fire | Scottish |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
| Scottish Parliament |  |
|


title: Pretty Wicked

abstract: Pretty Wicked is a reality show on the Oxygen Network. The series challenges 10 women to put looks aside and compete to see who is the most beautiful on the inside. The winner receives a grand prize of $50,000. The show is hosted by Caridee English, winner of America's Next Top Model. The girls are judged by three celebrity judges: plus-sized model and published author Mia Tyler, Beverly Hills psychotherapist and radio talk show host Dr. Jenn Berman, and comedian/author Kyle Cease.

text:
# Pretty Wicked

***Pretty Wicked*** is a reality show on the Oxygen Network. The series challenges 10 women to put looks aside and compete to see who is the most beautiful on the inside. The winner receives a grand prize of 50,000. The show is hosted by Caridee English, winner of *America's Next Top Model*. The girls are judged by three celebrity judges: plus-sized model and published author Mia Tyler, Beverly Hills psychotherapist and radio talk show host Dr. Jenn Berman, and comedian/author Kyle Cease.

## Contestants

| Name | Episode Eliminated | Type |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Sarah Cooley | **Episode 8 Winner** | Total Liar |
| Sarah Rosselli | **Episode 8 (Runner-Up)** | Full of It |
| Katie Krause | **Episode 8 (2nd Runner-Up)** |  |
| Ana Vuletic | **Episode 7 (Quit)** | Frenemy |
| Amber Deylon | **Episode 6** | Hot Mess |
| Reena Hawley | **Episode 5** | Piece of Work |
| Qui Okoroji | **Episode 4** | Pure Evil |
| Vanessa "Marie" Haraskewicz | **Episode 3 (Quit)** | So Fake |
| Jennifer "Julin" Guhlin | **Episode 2** | Backstabber |
| Jillian Hallman | **Episode 1** | Major Diva |
|

## Episode progress

| # | Contestants | Episodes | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 1 | **Sarah C** | SAFE | SAFE | SAFE | WIN | BTM 3 | BTM 2 | WIN | **WIN** |
| 2 | **Sarah R** | SAFE | BTM 2 | SAFE | SAFE | SAFE | SAFE | BTM 2 | **BURN** |
|
| 3 | **Katie** | SAFE | SAFE | BTM 3 | BTM 2 | SAFE | BTM 3 | WIN | **BURN** |
|
| 4 | **Ana** | BTM 2 | SAFE | SAFE | SAFE | BTM 2 | WIN | **QUIT** |  | | | |
| 5 | **Amber** | SAFE | BTM 3 | SAFE | BTM 3 | SAFE | **BURN** |  | | | | |
| 6 | **Reena** | BTM 3 | SAFE | BTM 3 | SAFE | **BURN** |  | | | | | |
| 7 | **Qui** | SAFE | SAFE | BTM 3 | **BURN** |  | | | | | | |
| 8 | **Vanessa** | SAFE | WIN | **QUIT** |  | | | | | | | |
| 9 | **Julin** | WIN | **BURN** |  | | | | | | | | |
| 10 | **Jillain** | **BURN** |  | | | | | | | | |

The contestant won Pretty Wicked.   The contestant was the Runner-Up   The contestant won immununity from elimination.   The contestant won the challenge, but did not receive immunity.   The contestant was safe from elimination.   The contestant was in the bottom 3.   The contestant was in the bottom 2.   The contestant was eliminated.   The contestant quit the competition.   The contestant won immunity, but quit the competition.   The contestant quit, but then returned for elimination and was in the bottom 3. * In Episode 3 Katie, Qui and Reena were chosen as the bottom three, but due to Vanessa's withdrawal, there was no bottom two and none of them went home.
* Episodes 7 and 8 were part of the two-hour Season Finale.

## Episode review

### Episode 1: Mirror Mirror Not On The Wall

* **Challenge:** Talk to blind guys
* **Challenge Winner/Immunity:** Julin
* **Bottom 3:** Reena, Ana, Jillian
* **Eliminated:** Jillian

### Episode 2: Sell Your Soul

* **Challenge:** Auction off their stuff
* **Challenge Winner/Immunity:** Team 1 Reena, Qui, and Vanessa but immunity was chosen by Reena and Qui to go to Vanessa.
* **Quit:** Amber (She returned for elimination)
* **Bottom 3:** Amber, Sarah R., Julin
* **Eliminated:** Julin

### Episode 3: Slow Roasted

* **Challenge:** Comedy Roast
* **Challenge Winner/Immunity:** Vanessa
* **Bottom 3:** Sarah R., Qui, Reena
* **Quit:** Vanessa

### Episode 4: You're it Girl

* **Challenge:** Slash Challenge & Interview by Pat O'Brien
* **Challenge Winner/Immunity:** Sarah C.
* **Bottom 3:** Katie, Amber, Qui
* **Eliminated:** Qui

### Episode 5: In Frenemy Territory

* **Challenge:** Fake Rescue Mission
* **Challenge Winner** no one
* **Bottom 3:** Ana, Sarah C., Reena
* **Eliminated:** Reena

### Episode 6: The Truth About Lies

* **Challenge:** Lie Detector Test
* **Challenge Winner:** Ana
* **Bottom 2:** Amber, Sarah C.
* **Eliminated:** Amber

### Episode 7: Who Wins? (Part 1)

* **Challenge:** Night on the town with aged make-up.
* **Challenge Winners:** Sarah C., Katie
* **Bottom two:** Ana & Sarah R.
* **Quit:** Ana

### Episode 8: Who Wins? (Part 2)

* **Challenge:** Watching audition tape then writing a letter to "old" self
* **Second Runner-Up:** Katie
* **Runner-Up:** Sarah R.
* **Winner:** Sarah C.

## InfoBox

| *Pretty Wicked* | |
| --- | --- |
| Starring | CariDee English |
| Country of origin | United States |
| No. of episodes | 8 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 60 minutes |
| Original release | |
| Network | Oxygen |
| Release | March 31, 2009 (2009-03-31) <br>August 31, 2010 (2010-08-31) |


title: Cartside F.C.

abstract: Cartside Football Club was a football club based in Kilbarchan, near Johnstone, Renfrewshire, in Scotland.

text:
# Cartside F.C.

**Cartside Football Club** was a football club based in Kilbarchan, near Johnstone, Renfrewshire, in Scotland.

## History

The club was one of four senior clubs in the area formed in 1878, along with Johnstone F.C., Johnstone Rovers, and Johnstone Athletic.

The club entered the Scottish Cup for the first time in 1879–80, losing 5–0 in the second round to Kennishead after a first round bye. Cartside gained a revenge the following season, with a 6–2 win, albeit by this time Kennishead had been denuded by the more established Thornliebank side which had taken most of its forward line. Cartside had the benefit of a bye in the second round and hosted Yoker in the third round, coming from 3–0 down to take an apparent 4–3 victory, but the tie was declared a draw after a Yoker protest, and Cartside's replay win put the club into the final 21 clubs. At that stage the club lost 3–1 at home to Hurlford.

Cartside was always by far the smallest senior side in Johnstone. By 1880 the three other clubs had 350 members between them; Cartside had just 30. By 1881 it still only had 36 and the next smallest in the town (Johnstone) had 100; even the newly founded Kilbarchan had 54.

Cartside had also played the fewest matches of any of the sides in the town in 1880–81, with 5 wins from its 10 matches. It did not even enter the Renfrewshire Cup. It did however enter the Johnstone & District Cup in 1879–80 and 1880–81, winning one tie, a 6–2 home win over Kilbarchan in 1880–81.

The size gap was too big for Cartside to catch up, and, although it entered the 1881–82 Scottish Cup and was drawn to face Pollok in the first round, it had dissolved before it could play the tie.

## Colours

The club wore red and black hooped jerseys and hose, and white knickers.

## Ground

The club's ground was Over Johnstone Park, a 3-minute walk from Milliken railway station. Kilbarchan moved into the ground briefly in 1890.

## InfoBox

Cartside
| Full name | Cartside Football Club |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1878 |
| Dissolved | 1881 |
| Ground | Over Johnston |
| Match Secretary | William Boyd |
| Hon. Secretary | David Wedderspoon |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Kultur Lige

abstract:
The Kultur Lige was a secular socialist Jewish organization established in Kiev in 1918, whose aim was to promote Yiddish language literature, theater and culture. The league organized various activities, including theater performances, poetry recitals, and concerts in Yiddish with the aim of disseminating Jewish art in Eastern Europe and Russia. Among some notable members of the organization were the scenic designer Boris Aronson, the artist and architect El Lissitzky, the writer David Bergelson, the sculptor Joseph Chaikov, the writer Peretz Markish, the poet David Hofstein, musicologist Moisei Beregovsky, and artist Issachar Ber Ryback. Bergelson, Markish and Hofstein were later executed on Joseph Stalin's orders during the Night of the Murdered Poets, in 1952. Artists like Ryback and Lissitzky who were members of the group tried to develop a distinctively Jewish form of modernism in which abstract forms would be used as a means of expressing and disseminating popular culture. The manifesto of the group, published in November 1919, stated:
  - "The goal of the Kulturlige is to assist in creating a new Yiddish secular culture in the Yiddish language, in Jewish national forms, with the living forces of the broad Jewish masses, in the spirit of the working man and in harmony with their ideals of the future." It also listed the "three pillars" of the Kultur Lige as Yiddish education for the people, Yiddish literature, and Jewish art. In 1919 members of the group, Victor Alter and Henryk Berlewi, organized a major exhibition of Polish-Jewish art in Białystok under the name "First Exhibition of Jewish Painting and Sculpture". The exhibition was targeted at the Yiddish speaking Jewish community, as well as the Polish workers of the city. During the same year, the organization helped to sponsor sixty three Yiddish schools, fifty four libraries and many other cultural and educational institutions. In 1920 the Kiev branch of the organization was taken over by the Bolsheviks and the Jewish section of the Soviet Communist party, Yevsektsiya, and subjected to the bureaucracy of the Soviet state. Its printing presses were taken away, it was denied paper for publishing and its central committee was forcefully disbanded. As a result, the Warsaw branch became the main center for the organization. Afterward, the remains of the Kultur Lige in the Soviet Union continued under the auspices of the Yevsektsiya as a publishing house, mostly focusing on Yiddish textbooks for children. In Poland, the League established offices in other cities such as Wilno and Łódź. In 1924, it began to issue the Literarishe Bleter magazine, which became the main forum for discussions by the Yiddish intelligentsia on subjects of art, literature and theater.

text:
# Kultur Lige

The ***Kultur Lige*** (Culture League) was a secular socialist Jewish organization established in Kiev in 1918, whose aim was to promote Yiddish language literature, theater and culture. The league organized various activities, including theater performances, poetry recitals, and concerts in Yiddish with the aim of disseminating Jewish art in Eastern Europe and Russia. Among some notable members of the organization were the scenic designer Boris Aronson (who later worked on Broadway), the artist and architect El Lissitzky, the writer David Bergelson, the sculptor Joseph Chaikov, the writer Peretz Markish, the poet David Hofstein, musicologist Moisei Beregovsky, and artist Issachar Ber Ryback. Bergelson, Markish and Hofstein were later executed on Joseph Stalin's orders during the Night of the Murdered Poets, in 1952.

Artists like Ryback and Lissitzky who were members of the group tried to develop a distinctively Jewish form of modernism in which abstract forms would be used as a means of expressing and disseminating popular culture.

The manifesto of the group, published in November 1919, stated:

"The goal of the Kulturlige is to assist in creating a new Yiddish secular culture in the Yiddish language, in Jewish national forms, with the living forces of the broad Jewish masses, in the spirit of the working man and in harmony with their ideals of the future."

It also listed the "three pillars" of the Kultur Lige as Yiddish education for the people, Yiddish literature, and Jewish art.

In 1919 members of the group, Victor Alter and Henryk Berlewi, organized a major exhibition of Polish-Jewish art in Białystok under the name "First Exhibition of Jewish Painting and Sculpture". The exhibition was targeted at the Yiddish speaking Jewish community, as well as the Polish workers of the city. During the same year, the organization helped to sponsor sixty three Yiddish schools, fifty four libraries and many other cultural and educational institutions.

In 1920 the Kiev branch of the organization was taken over by the Bolsheviks and the Jewish section of the Soviet Communist party, Yevsektsiya, and subjected to the bureaucracy of the Soviet state. Its printing presses were taken away, it was denied paper for publishing and its central committee was forcefully disbanded. As a result, the Warsaw branch became the main center for the organization.

Afterward, the remains of the Kultur Lige in the Soviet Union continued under the auspices of the Yevsektsiya as a publishing house, mostly focusing on Yiddish textbooks for children. In Poland, the League established offices in other cities such as Wilno and Łódź. In 1924, it began to issue the *Literarishe Bleter* magazine (based on the Polish *Wiadomości Literackie*) (*Literary News*), which became the main forum for discussions by the Yiddish intelligentsia on subjects of art, literature and theater.