title: St Donat's Church, Welsh St Donats

abstract: St Donat's Church is a Grade I listed church in Welsh St Donats, in the Vale of Glamorgan, south Wales. It became a Grade I listed building on 28 January 1963. Records of 1180 describe the church as a chapel confirmed to the Abbey of Tewkesbury. By 1563 it was known to have served as a parish church for the community. In 1603 it was considered to be a chapel of the church at Llanblethian, but by 1764 it received a stipend from Queen Anne's Bounty and was described as a curacy.

text:
# St Donat's Church, Welsh St Donats

**St Donat's Church** is a Grade I listed church in Welsh St Donats, in the Vale of Glamorgan, south Wales. It became a Grade I listed building on 28 January 1963. Records of 1180 describe the church as a chapel confirmed to the Abbey of Tewkesbury. By 1563 it was known to have served as a parish church for the community. In 1603 it was considered to be a chapel of the church at Llanblethian, but by 1764 it received a stipend from Queen Anne's Bounty and was described as a curacy.

## 19th century

As early as 1859, the church was reported as being in need of repair. In 1890, a local newspaper reported that the church was in such poor condition it was "unfit for use". The news story also noted that it would undergo a major restoration; this was done by Kempson and Fowler and completed the next year with opening ceremonies held 14 October 1891.

A local newspaper story detailed the structural problems with the church prior to the start of restoration. The church's open oak roof was unsafe, plaster was falling from its walls and the floor was continuously damp. The window glaze needed work and water came in through the tower, which was cracked and unsafe. In addition, there was neither heat nor light in the building. The restoration of 1891 restored the oak roof, repaired the windows' glaze and freshly re-plastered the church walls. The flooring problem was resolved and repairs were made to the tower where it was deemed necessary. New lighting, a new heating unit and two new windows were installed, as well as a new pulpit altar, lectern and much new seating throughout.

## 20th century to present day

In 1893, the local newspaper published a request for donations to help with additional renovations needed at the church. The story said no provisions were made for control of rain water in the 1891 restoration and it was seeping into the walls from parapets and gutters. The restoration work completed in 1891 also did not include all needed repairs to the tower; it was reported that work on the tower would be postponed because the most immediate need was to control the rain problem. The church received new lighting and a new organ along with other restoration in 1915.

The church was re-plastered in 1996; during this process, the church was stripped of its old coat of plaster, leaving the entire structure bare to stones and mortar. This became an opportunity to do further dating on the building by examining the old mortar. It was thought that the church was constructed some time in the 15th to 16th centuries. but it became apparent that the windows and doors from that time frame were inserted into older walls by examining the mortar. A chancery wall gave evidence of having two lancet windows at one time; this was an indication that at least this portion of the building was constructed in the 13th century. The churchyard wall became a Grade II listed building on 21 December 2004.

51°28′37″N 3°24′04″W / 51.47697°N 3.40115°W / 51.47697; -3.40115


title: Premasiri Khemadasa

abstract: Deshamanya Kala Keerthi Dr. Premasiri Khemadasa also known as "Khemadasa Master" was a Sri Lankan music composer. Exploring the various styles of music around the world Khemadasa endeavoured to develop a unique style of music. He combined Sinhala folk tunes, Hindustani music, Western music and many other streams of music in his compositions while adapting them to fit contemporary music.

text:
# Premasiri Khemadasa

Deshamanya Kala Keerthi Dr. **Premasiri Khemadasa** (Sinhala: ආචාර්ය **ප්‍රේමසිරි කේමදාස** ) (25 January 1937 – 24 October 2008) also known as "Khemadasa Master" was a Sri Lankan music composer. Exploring the various styles of music around the world Khemadasa endeavoured to develop a unique style of music. He combined Sinhala folk tunes, Hindustani music, Western music and many other streams of music in his compositions while adapting them to fit contemporary music.

## Biography

### Early life

Khemadasa grew up in Talpitiya, Wadduwa and attended St. John's College Panadura and then Sri Sumangala College Panadura. Born the thirteenth child into a poor rural family on the west coast of Sri Lanka, Khemadasa started with nothing. There was no musical heritage in his family. He was self-taught, learning how to play on cheap bamboo flutes when he was only 6 years old. In all his life, Khemadasa would never receive formal training in music. As a teenager, he became a gifted flautist.

Khemadasa was asked to come to the Radio Ceylon for an interview on the day he was scheduled to take his Senior School Certificate examination. He finished the examination much ahead of time and travelled to the audition. He passed the audition and became a member of Radio Ceylon.

His two daughters Anupa and Gayathri now moved into father's stream.

### As a composer

Khemadasa's debut as a film composer came with Sirisena Wimalaweera's *Roddie Kella*. With his score for *Bambaru Ewith* he introduced a style of music unacquainted to Sri Lankan cinema. He then began collaborating with acclaimed director Lester James Peries handling the music for films like *Golu Hadawatha* and *Nidhanaya*. Critics praised his film scores and he was honorally dubbed "Khemadasa master." Khemadasa's signature in film music is moulded by the use of elements from Classical Western music and other sources to heighten the emotion suggested by the picture. Some of his compositions are influenced by Western composers of opera such as Giuseppe Verdi and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

Lately Premasiri Khemadasa has given his contribution to films such as *Agnidahaya* and very recently to *Ammavarune*, the last film by Lester James Peiris who has announced his retirement.

Other scores written by the master for films such as *Hansawilak*, *Thunweniyamaya*, *Paradige*, *Yasa Isuru* widened his acclaim in the field of cinema. He has also composed music for films produced outside Sri Lanka (Thousand Flowers).

Dr. Khemadasa's contribution to teledramas also brought outstanding masterpieces to the public. His collaboration with director Jayantha Chandrasiri has turned out remarkable products whereas the themes he created for Chandrasiri's television series *Dandubasnamanaya* have shown unprecedented power of mesmerisation. A repertoire of scores written for teledramas including Chandrasiri's *Weda hamine*, *Sathara denek senpathiyo, Akala sandhya*, Dharmasena Pathiraja's *Gangulen egodata, Ella langa walawwa, Pura sakmana* and Bandula Vithanage's *Asalwesiyo* bestowed the public with unforgettable musical experiences. Also, he has contributed to the teledrama *Sadisi tharanaya* by Devinda Koongahage, which is most probably his last contribution for a teledrama.

He also contributed to stage dramas such as Jayantha Chandrasiri's *Mora, Ath,* and Dharmasiri Bandaranayake's *Makarakshaya & Dhawala bheeshana*.

Furthermore, he has composed symphonies like *Muhuda*, *Mage kale mavni* and *Sinhala Avurudda*. His cantata named *Pirinivan Mangalya*, probably the only Buddhist cantata ever composed, was based on the death of the Lord Buddha and it was played at his funeral by the students of the *Khemadasa Foundation*.

The presence of operatic and harmonic vocals in his music is explained by his vast knowledge of opera and harmony. In his lifetime he made many experiments with techniques of singing and playing, which include the use of asymmetric patterns of beats, revolutionary harmonies and novel techniques of playing musical instruments such as the sitar.

Khemadasa is the only known Sri Lankan musician who practised and created opera. He has a large group of students many of whom were derived from rural milieus and trained for performing in his operas. His famous operas include *Manasawila*, *Doramandalawa* and *Sondura Varnadasi*. Recently he created the opera, Agni (opera) about early civilisation. His operas, being written in Sinhalese, form what can be recognised as Sinhalese opera. Khemadasa and his pupils have conducted shows in several countries. After a layoff following a kidney transplant he returned to the field of music, even in his 70s, trying to secure the future of Sri Lankan music. At the time of the maestro's demise on 24 October 2008, he was 71 years old.

## Music director

### Films

Nedayo (1976)

### Tamil film

* *Wasanthaththil Oru Wanawil*

### International films

* Melam Kottu Thali Kattu \[Tamil - India\]
* Thousand Flowers
* Music Garden

### Stage Dramas

* Bari Sil
* Sithijaya
* Manasa Wila
* Doramadala
* Mora
* Ath
* Havila sara
* Diriya Mawa saha Age Daruwo

### Operas

### Teledramas

* Ella Laga Walawwa
* Golu Hadawatha
* Weda Hamine
* Dandubasnamanaya
* Durganthaya
* Rajana
* Akalasandya
* Bogala Soundiris
* Diya Bubula
* Idorayaka Mal pipila
* Uthamavi
* Kelimadala
* Sathara Denek Sempathiyo

## Awards

| Year | Work | Award |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1966 | Sanasuma Kothanada | Eksath Lanka Rasika Sangamaya |
| 1969 | Golu Hadawatha | Sarasaviya Best Music Direction Award |
| 1970 | Nari Latha | Sarasaviya Best Music Direction Award |
| 1973 | Nidhanaya | Wicharaka Sammanaya |
| 1980 | Wasanthe Dawasak | O.C.I.C Award |
| 1979 | Bambaru Avith | Presidential Award |
| 1984 | Thunweni Yamaya | O.C.I.C Award |
| 1986 | Yuganthaya | O.C.I.C Award, Sarasaviya Best Music Direction Award |
| 1990 | Sandakada Pahana | Sarasaviya Best Music Direction Award |
| 1992 | Dolosmahe Pahana | Sarasaviya Best Music Direction Award |
| 1996 | Dandubasnamanaya | Sumathi Teli Award |
| 2001 | Rajana | Sumathi Teli Award |

## Further reading

* මාස්ටර් සංගීත යුග යාත්‍රිකයා
* අඩසියවසක කේමදාස නම් ඔහු – සිරිල් බී. පෙරේරා (1987)
* කේමදාස න්‍යාය භාවිතය සහ අරගලය – ලූශන් බුලත්සිංහල (2000)
* සංගීතයේ හෙට දවස කේමදාස – උපුල් ගුරුගේ (2001)

## InfoBox

| Dr. Premasiri Khemadasa | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Guruge Premasiri Khemadasa Perera |
| Also known as | Khemadasa Master |
| Born | (1937-01-25)25 January 1937
Wadduwa, British Ceylon |
| Origin | Sri Lanka |
| Died | 24 October 2008(2008-10-24) (aged 71)
Colombo, Sri Lanka |
| Genres | Sri Lankan music, Classical music |
| Occupation(s) | Music director, composer |


title: C. C. Cox

abstract: Charles Carr Cox was an American racing driver who competed in the 1915 Indianapolis 500. Later that year, he died as a result of injuries sustained in a crash during a 300-mile (480 km) race at Sioux City Speedway.

text:
# C. C. Cox

**Charles Carr Cox** (October 17, 1887 – July 4, 1915) was an American racing driver who competed in the 1915 Indianapolis 500. Later that year, he died as a result of injuries sustained in a crash during a 300-mile (480 km) race at Sioux City Speedway.

## Motorsports career results

### Indianapolis 500 results

## InfoBox

| C. C. Cox | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Charles Carr Cox
(1887-10-17)October 17, 1887
Randolph, Ohio, U.S. |
| Died | July 4, 1915(1915-07-04) (aged 27)
Sioux City, Iowa, U.S. |
|  | |
| Champ Car career | |
| 2 races run over 1 year | |
| First race | 1915 Indianapolis 500 (Indianapolis) |
| Last race | 1915 Sioux City 300 (Sioux City) |
| Wins Podiums Poles  0 0 0 | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Brett's law

abstract: Brett's law is a name commonly given to a Delaware statute (SB259) generally prohibiting use of the psychoactive herb Salvia divinorum. The law was named after Brett Chidester, a 17 year old who died by suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning, despite it being "unclear" what role the drug played in the incident.

text:
# Brett's law

**Brett's law** is a name commonly given to a Delaware statute (SB259) generally prohibiting use of the psychoactive herb *Salvia divinorum*. The law was named after Brett Chidester (September 16, 1988 – January 23, 2006), a 17 year old who died by suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning (by lighting a charcoal grill inside a closed tent), despite it being "unclear" what role the drug played in the incident.

## Case

The law was sponsored by Delaware State Senator Karen Peterson. It was signed into law three months after the teen's death, classifying *Salvia divinorum* as a Delaware Schedule I controlled substance, analogous to the Federal Schedule I, making possession, use or consumption of the drug punishable as a class B misdemeanor. Peterson's largest group campaign donations in 2006 came from 'Beer, Wine & Liquor' industries.

Chidester's parents have argued that the herb played a major role in the teenager's death, and have advocated for "Schedule I"-like legislation beyond their home state of Delaware. In particular, Brett's mother, Kathleen Chidester, has continued campaigning across the United States, for example, three years after Brett's death in written testimony in support of State Senator Richard Colburn's proposed Senate Bill 9 to the Maryland General Assembly, saying: "My hope and goal is to have salvia regulated across the U.S. It's my son's legacy and I will not end my fight until this happens."

It was reported on August 3, 2007 that Chidester's parents intended to sue Ethnosupply, a Canada-based Internet company that sold *Salvia divinorum* to Brett some four months before his death. The parents alleged that the distributors knew salvia could be dangerous and failed to warn their son. The lawsuit sought unspecified punitive damages for their pain and suffering, lost future earnings, funeral expenses, etc. There has not been anywhere else, either before or since this incident, any other reported cases involving or alleging *Salvia divinorum* as a serious factor in suicide, overdose, accidental, or any other kind of death.

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an annual U.S.-based survey sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), for 2006 estimated that about 1.8 million persons aged 12 or older had used *Salvia divinorum* in their lifetime, of which approximately 750,000 had done so in that year. The following year, 2007, saw the annual figure rise from 750,000 to 1 million U.S. users.

## Criticism

San Francisco attorney Alex Coolman has commented, "It's remarkable that Chidester's parents, and only Chidester's parents, continue to be cited over and over again by the mainstream media in their coverage of the supposed 'controversy' over the risks of *Salvia divinorum*."

Tiffin University psychologist Jonathan Appel, who co-authored a 2007 paper in the *International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction* on the rising popularity of salvia, expressed reluctance to draw any firm conclusions about Brett Chidester's death. "I wouldn't feel comfortable saying it caused him to commit suicide," he says. Such explanations are, "a way to try to make sense of something that's pretty senseless. We're always looking for rationalizations and reasons, particularly when there aren't any."

Bryan Roth, a psychiatrist and pharmacologist at the University of North Carolina who has led the research into how salvia's active constituent salvinorin A works, says it remains difficult to say what role the drug might have played in Chidester's suicide. Although "it's tragic that this young guy killed himself," he says, "there's no way of knowing if salvia had anything to do with it. It would seem, given the apparent widespread use of salvia, that if these are side effects, they don't occur at very high prevalence. Otherwise, the ERs would be filled with people having bad salvia reactions."

Salvia expert Daniel Siebert has said, "He must have already had some thoughts about suicide. I don't think salvia's just going to put thoughts into peoples' heads. Mentally healthy people don't decide to take such a drastic action based on \[an idea\] they had during a drug state. Psychedelics basically amplify a lot of your own internal stuff. If you're already having some kind of dark thoughts, a psychedelic experience could amplify that, and it could lead to a problem for some people."

Richard Glen Boire, a senior fellow at the Center for Cognitive Liberty and Ethics, has said that the theory that using salvia encouraged Chidester to reach conclusions about the nature of life that were conducive to suicide could apply to some of the greatest pieces of art in the history of the world. "It would make Nietzsche a controlled substance. There is a lot of cultural production out there that shows a way of looking at the world that isn't all sunny and rosy."

General doubts have been raised about the potential of the use of *Salvia divinorum* alone to cause suicidal action. In fact, scientific literature seems to suggest that *Salvia divinorum* has significant anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in rodents.

## Citations


title: Uracentron

abstract: Uracentron is a genus of tropidurid lizards found in forests in northern South America. It contains only two species, which are both arboreal, have a relatively short spiny tail, and mainly feed on ants.

text:
# Uracentron

***Uracentron*** is a genus of tropidurid lizards found in forests in northern South America. It contains only two species, which are both arboreal, have a relatively short spiny tail, and mainly feed on ants.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Uracentron* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Tropical thornytail iguana (*Uracentron flaviceps*) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Iguania |
| Family: | Tropiduridae |
| Genus: | *Uracentron*<br>Kaup, 1827 |
|
| Species | |
| 2 spp., see text | |


title: John Van Buren (U.S. representative)

abstract: John Van Buren was an American attorney and politician in the U.S. state of New York. He represented New York in the United States House of Representatives and New York State Assembly in addition to serving terms as county judge and district attorney of Ulster County. Born and educated in Kingston, Van Buren graduated from Union College, studied law, and attained admission to the bar. In addition to practicing in Kingston, Van Buren became active in the Democratic Party. The offices he held included member of the New York State Assembly (1831–1832), Judge of Ulster County (1836–1841), member of the United States House of Representatives (1841–1843), and Ulster County District Attorney (1846–1850). Van Buren was ill for the last three months of his life. He died in Kingston, and was buried at Sharp Burial Ground in Kingston.

text:
# John Van Buren (U.S. representative)

**John Van Buren** (May 13, 1799 – January 16, 1855) was an American attorney and politician in the U.S. state of New York. He represented New York in the United States House of Representatives and New York State Assembly in addition to serving terms as county judge and district attorney of Ulster County.

Born and educated in Kingston, Van Buren graduated from Union College, studied law, and attained admission to the bar. In addition to practicing in Kingston, Van Buren became active in the Democratic Party. The offices he held included member of the New York State Assembly (1831–1832), Judge of Ulster County (1836–1841), member of the United States House of Representatives (1841–1843), and Ulster County District Attorney (1846–1850).

Van Buren was ill for the last three months of his life. He died in Kingston, and was buried at Sharp Burial Ground in Kingston.

## Early life

Van Buren was born in Kingston, New York, the son of Cornelius Van Buren and Elisabeth (Persen) Van Buren. He graduated from Union College in 1818, studied law with Charles H. Ruggles, was admitted to the bar, and began to practice in Kingston.

## Political career

He held many different political positions in New York, and in 1831 was a member of the New York State Assembly representing Ulster County in the 54th New York State Legislature. Van Buren was Judge of Ulster County from 1836 to 1841. He was elected as a Democrat to the 27th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1841, to March 3, 1843. While in Congress, he was Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of State. After leaving Congress he resumed the practice of law and served as Ulster County District Attorney from 1846 to 1850.

Van Buren died in Kingston on January 16, 1855 and is interred at Sharp Burial Ground in Kingston.

### The other John Van Buren

Van Buren is sometimes confused with John Van Buren, the son of President Martin Van Buren. President Van Buren's son was born in 1810 and died in 1866. John Van Buren of Kingston was born in 1799 and died in 1855. While both John Van Burens were active in New York's Democratic Party, President Van Buren's son never lived in Kingston, served as a Judge, or was elected to Congress.

## Family

Van Buren and his wife Laura Amelia Hardy (1800–1874) had two children, Daniel Tompkins Van Buren (1826–1890) and Persen Van Buren (1842–1852).

Daniel Tompkins Van Buren was an 1847 graduate of the United States Military Academy who served in the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War, and attained the rank of brigadier general by brevet as a member of the Union Army.

## InfoBox

| John Van Buren | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 7th district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1841  March 3, 1843 | |
| Preceded by | Rufus Palen |
| Succeeded by | Joseph H. Anderson |
| District Attorney of Ulster County, New York | |
| **In office**
1846–1850 | |
| Preceded by | Willet Linderman |
| Succeeded by | Robert F. Macauley |
| County Court Judge of Ulster County, New York | |
| **In office**
1836–1841 | |
| Preceded by | Abraham D. Soper |
| Succeeded by | James C. Forsyth |
| Member of the New York State Assembly from the Ulster County District | |
| **In office**
1831–1832Serving with John J. Schoonmaker | |
| Preceded by | Matthew Oliver
Green Miller |
| Succeeded by | Leonard Hardenbergh
Heman Landon |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1799-05-13)May 13, 1799
Kingston, New York, U.S. |
| Died | January 16, 1855(1855-01-16) (aged 55)
Kingston, New York, U.S. |
| Resting place | Sharp Burial Ground
Kingston, New York |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Laura Amelia Hardy Van Buren |
| Children | Daniel Tompkins Van Buren
Persen Van Buren |
| Parent(s) | Cornelius Van Buren
Elisabeth (Persen) Van Buren |
| Alma mater | Union College |
| Profession | Attorney, politician |
|  | |


title: Recep Gürkan

abstract: Recep Gürkan is a Turkish politician and member of the CHP. He was previously a member of the Grand National Assembly and has been the mayor of Edirne between 30 March 2014 and March 2024.

text:
# Recep Gürkan

**Recep Gürkan** (born 1 August 1964) is a Turkish politician and member of the CHP. He was previously a member of the Grand National Assembly and has been the mayor of Edirne between 30 March 2014 and March 2024.

## Life and work

He was born in İpsala, Edirne Province. After finishing school, Gürkan continued his studies at Trakya University in Edirne and the Anadolu University in Eskişehir. He graduated from the Faculty of Social Science, Department of Administration. Following his studies, Gürkan worked as a teacher and headmaster at various Turkish schools, and was later given the position of vice-director of the National Education Directorate in Edirne.

He was also given positions at the Coordination Directorate for Planning in Istanbul and the Thrace Development Association. Gürkan also led the management of the Regional Technology Development Firm Techno Inc. and was a member of the Kemalist Working Group for the Future and Modern Life in Turkey. He became General Secretary of Trakya University during the time when Enver Duran was president of the university.

Gürkan was elected to the Turkish parliament in 2011 but had to give up his seat when he stood as a mayoral candidate in Edirne during the 2014 Turkish local elections. He was duly elected as mayor on 30 March 2014. and was re-elected in March 2019. He has maintained relationships with the twin town Lörrach since his time at Trakya University.

He was able to successfully defend his office in the 2019 local elections. He did not stand for election on March 31, 2024 his party colleague Filiz Gencan Akın was elected as his successor.

Gürkan is married and currently resides in Edirne with his spouse and two children.

1. Recep Guerkan in the press on 30th of March 2014
2. Recep Gürkan on the Edirne website Archived 2014-12-22 at the Wayback Machine
3. Results of the mayoral elections in Edirne
4. Recep Gürkan re-elected in March 2019
5. First visit to Loerrach, meetings with Jörg Lutz, Hilmi Ibar, Manfred G. Raupp
6. t24.com.tr
7. Information about Recep Gürkan


title: 1890 Invercargill mayoral election

abstract: The 1890 Invercargill mayoral election was held on 26 November 1890.

text:
# 1890 Invercargill mayoral election

The **1890 Invercargill mayoral election** was held on 26 November 1890.

## Results

The following table gives the election results:

1890 Invercargill mayoral election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **William Horatio Hall** | **253** | **60.81** |  |
|  | Independent | James Mackintosh | 140 | 33.65 | −6.96 |
|  | Independent | William Hunter Mathieson | 23 | 5.52 |  |
| Majority | | | 113 | 27.16 |  |
| Turnout | | | 416 |  |  |

## InfoBox

1890 Invercargill mayoral election
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Turnout | 416 |
| Candidate William Horatio Hall James Mackintosh W.H. Mathieson  Party Independent Independent Independent  Popular vote 253 140 23  Percentage 60.81 33.65 5.52 | |
| ---  **Mayor before election**
John Walker Mitchell
 **Elected mayor**
William Horatio Hall
 | |


title: 1890 Kerry Senior Football Championship

abstract: The 1890 Kerry Senior Football Championship was the second staging of the Kerry Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Kerry County Board in 1889. The championship ran from March to 20 July 1890. Laune Rangers entered the championship as the defending champions. The final replay was played on 20 July 1890, between Laune Rangers and Tralee Mitchels, in what was their first meeting in the final. Laune Rangers won the match by 1–04 to 0–01 to claim their second successive championship title.

text:
# 1890 Kerry Senior Football Championship

The **1890 Kerry Senior Football Championship** was the second staging of the Kerry Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Kerry County Board in 1889. The championship ran from March to 20 July 1890.

Laune Rangers entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final replay was played on 20 July 1890, between Laune Rangers and Tralee Mitchels, in what was their first meeting in the final. Laune Rangers won the match by 1–04 to 0–01 to claim their second successive championship title.

## Results

### Final

| 13 July 1890 Final | **Laune Rangers** | **0-00 - 0-00** | **Tralee Mitchels** | Tralee Athletic Ground |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 20 July 1890 Final replay | **Laune Rangers** | **0-06 - 0-03** | **Tralee Mitchels** | Molahiffe Grounds |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

## Championship statistics

### Miscellaneous

## InfoBox

1890 Kerry Senior Football Championship
| Dates | 24 |
| --- | --- |
| Teams | March - 20 July 1891 |
| Champions | Laune Rangers (2nd title)
J. P. O'Sullivan (captain) |
| Runners-up | Tralee Mitchels
Bill Brick (captain) |
| 1889 (Previous) (Next) 1891 | |


title: 1895 London County Council election

abstract: An election to the County Council of London took place on 2 March 1895. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Moderates made numerous gains, and tied the Progressive Party in seats on the council.

text:
# 1895 London County Council election

**An election to the County Council of London** took place on 2 March 1895. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Moderates made numerous gains, and tied the Progressive Party in seats on the council.

## Campaign

The Progressives campaigned on their record of running the council, arguing that they had achieved far more than the Metropolitan Board of Works had, and also that the various Metropolitan Borough Councils should be unified and their powers given to the London County Council. The Moderates argued that the Progressives had delayed in making improvements, and that measures should be taken to increase home ownership rates, rather than constructing council housing.

The Earl of Onslow, a prominent figure in the Conservative Party, was expected to stand for the Moderates in Islington South, but he was disqualified as his nomination papers were not received in time.

## Results

The Moderates gained 23 seats from the Progressives, and lost only one seat to them, tying both parties on 59 seats. Although the result was a tie, the Progressives held the majority of aldermanic seats on the council, and thus were able to retain control of it.

*The Times* argued that the result was worse for Progressives than initially appeared, as they had not only lost seats, but many of their formerly safe seats were now marginal. *The Daily Chronicle* argued that the poor result for the Progressives was due to apathy among workers, and that their vote had held steady among the middle class. In addition, it blamed the unsuccessful Independent Labour Party and Social Democratic Federation candidates for taking votes away from some Progressive candidates.

| Party | | Votes | | | Seats | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Number | % | Stood | Seats | % |
|  | Progressive | 134,663 | 48.0 | 110 | 59 | 50.0 |
|  | Moderate | **140,310** | **50.0** | 116 | 59 | 50.0 |
|  | Social Democratic Federation |  |  | 6 | 0 | 0.0 |
|  | Ind. Labour Party |  |  | 5 | 0 | 0.0 |
|  | Independent |  |  | 4 | 0 | 0.0 |
|  | Independent Progressive |  |  | 3 | 0 | 0.0 |

## InfoBox

1895 London County Council election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| First party Second party   Leader Charles Harrison Charles Ritchie  Party Progressive Moderate  Leader's seat Bethnal Green South West *None*  Seats won 59 59  Seat change 23 23  Popular vote 134,663 **140,310** | |


title: Raúl Omar Rossi

abstract: Raúl Omar Rossi was a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires from 1992 till 2000, when he became bishop of San Martín.

text:
# Raúl Omar Rossi

**Raúl Omar Rossi** (August 13, 1938 – February 2, 2003) was a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires from 1992 till 2000, when he became bishop of San Martín.

## Life

Born in Gualeguaychú, Rossi was ordained to the priesthood on December 3, 1966.

On May 20, 1992, he was appointed auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires and titular bishop of *Enera*. Rossi received his episcopal consecration on the following June 27, together with the future Pope Francis, who was also consecrated a bishop at that time, from Antonio Cardinal Quarracino, archbishop of Buenos Aires, with the auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires, Mario José Serra, and the auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires, Eduardo Vicente Mirás, serving as co-consecrators.

On February 22, 2000, he was appointed bishop of San Martín, where he was installed on the following May 1.

He died on 2 February 2003.


title: Uralaane

abstract: Uralaane is a village in Tõrva Parish, Valga County, in southern Estonia. It has a population of 36.

text:
# Uralaane

**Uralaane** is a village in Tõrva Parish, Valga County, in southern Estonia. It has a population of 36 (as of 1 January 2012).

## InfoBox

| Uralaane | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| UralaaneLocation in Estonia | |
| Coordinates: 58°04′17″N 25°58′41″E / 58.07139°N 25.97806°E / 58.07139; 25.97806 | |
| Country | Estonia |
| County | Valga County |
| Municipality | Tõrva Parish |
| Population (01.01.2012) | |
| Total | 36 |


title: Utricularia fistulosa

abstract: Utricularia fistulosa is an affixed aquatic carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. It is a widespread species in the northeastern region of Western Australia.

text:
# Utricularia fistulosa

***Utricularia fistulosa*** is an affixed aquatic carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus *Utricularia* (family Lentibulariaceae). It is a widespread species in the northeastern region of Western Australia.

## InfoBox

| *Utricularia fistulosa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lentibulariaceae |
| Genus: | *Utricularia* |
| Subgenus: | *Utricularia* subg. *Polypompholyx* |
| Section: | *Utricularia sect. Pleiochasia* |
| Species: | ***U. fistulosa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Utricularia fistulosa***<br>P.Taylor 1986 | |
|


title: Utricularia fulva

abstract: Utricularia fulva is a small to medium-sized annual carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. U. fulva is endemic to Australia, where it appears to be largely restricted to the Northern Territory, specifically the Arnhem Land sandstone escarpment. It grows as a terrestrial or subaquatic plant in or near sandy stream beds. It was originally described and published by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1858.

text:
# Utricularia fulva

***Utricularia fulva*** is a small to medium-sized annual carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus *Utricularia*. *U. fulva* is endemic to Australia, where it appears to be largely restricted to the Northern Territory, specifically the Arnhem Land sandstone escarpment. It grows as a terrestrial or subaquatic plant in or near sandy stream beds. It was originally described and published by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1858.

Media related to *Utricularia fulva* at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| *Utricularia fulva* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lentibulariaceae |
| Genus: | *Utricularia* |
| Subgenus: | *Utricularia* subg. *Bivalvaria* |
| Section: | *Utricularia sect. Enskide* |
| Species: | ***U. fulva*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Utricularia fulva***<br>F.Muell. | |
|


abstract: FIS Freestyle Junior World Ski Championships are the Junior World Championships in freestyle skiing organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS). With the exception of Ski Cross, participation in Junior World Ski Championships is limited to competitors whose age is between fourteen and nineteen in the calendar year of the Championship. Ski Cross is limited to competitors between the ages of sixteen and twenty.

text:
# FIS Freestyle Junior World Ski Championships

**FIS Freestyle Junior World Ski Championships** are the Junior World Championships in freestyle skiing organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS). With the exception of Ski Cross, participation in Junior World Ski Championships is limited to competitors whose age is between fourteen and nineteen in the calendar year of the Championship. Ski Cross is limited to competitors between the ages of sixteen and twenty.

## Hosts

| Year | Location | Country | Disciplines |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **FIS Freestyle Junior World Ski Championships** | | | |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Canada | 2xHP, 2xMO, 2xAE, 2xDM |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Russia | MO, DM, AE, SX |
| 2007 | Airolo | Switzerland | MO, DM, AE, SX, HP |
| 2010 | Otago | New Zealand | SX, HP, SS |
| 2011 | Jyväskylä | Finland | 4xMO, DM |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | MO, DM, AE, SX, HP, SS |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | MO, DM, AE, SX, HP, SS |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | MO, DM, AE, SX, HP, SS |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | MO, DM, AE, SX, HP, SS |
| 2016 | Minsk | Belarus | AE |
| | Val Thorens | France | 4xSX |
| | Åre | Sweden | MO, DM |
| 2017 | Crans Montana | Switzerland | HP |
| | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | MO, DM, AE, SX, SS |
| 2018 | Minsk | Belarus | AE |
| | Duved | Sweden | MO, DM |
| | Cardrona | New Zealand | 4xSX, 4xHP, 4xSS, 4xBA |
| **FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding Junior World Championships** | | | |
| 2019 | Leysin | Switzerland | HP |
| | Reiteralm | Austria | SX |
| | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | MO, DM, AE |
| | Kläppen | Sweden | 4xSS, 4xBA |
| 2020 | St. Lary | France | *cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic* |
| | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Russia | MO, DM, AE, SX, 4xHP, 4xSS, 2xBA, SXT, AET |
| 2022 | Leysin | Switzerland | 4xHP, 4xSS, 4xBA |
| | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | 2xMO, 2xDM, 2xAE, AET, DMT |
| | Veysonnaz | Switzerland | 4xSX |
| 2023 | Airolo | Switzerland | 2xMO, 2xDM, DMT |
| | Obertauern | Austria | 2xAE, AET |
| | Passo San Pellegrino | Italy | 2xSX, SXT |
| | Cardrona | New Zealand | 2xSS, 2xBA, 2xHP |
| 2024 | Livigno/Mottolino | Italy | 2xSS, 2xBA |
| | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Italy | 2xAE, AET, 2xMO, 2xDM, DMT |
| | Idre Fjäll | Sweden | 2xSX, SXT |

## Men's events

### Aerials

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Dzianis Osipau (BLR) | Sun Peng (CHN) | Tsimafei Slivets (BLR) |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Maxim Gustik (BLR) | Oleksandr Abramenko (UKR) | Anton Sannikov (RUS) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Maxim Gustik (BLR) | Dylan Ferguson (USA) | Wu Chao (CHN) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Zhining Zhang (CHN) | Jonathon Lillis (USA) | Wang Xindi (CHN) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Stanislav Nikitin (RUS) | Vasily Polenov (RUS) | Dmitry Glushakov (BLR) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Maxim Burov (RUS) | Wang Shuang (CHN) | Vasily Polenov (RUS) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Harrison Smith (USA) | Maxim Burov (RUS) | Lloyd Wallace (GBR) |
| 2016 | Minsk | Maxim Burov (RUS) | Dzmitry Mazurkevich (BLR) | Noé Roth (SUI) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Dzmitry Mazurkevich (BLR) | Pavel Dzik (BLR) | Sun Jiaxu (CHN) |
| 2018 | Minsk | Noé Roth (SUI) | Dzmitry Mazurkevich (BLR) | Sun Jiaxu (CHN) |
| 2019 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Viachaslau Tsimertsau (BLR) | Ihar Drabiankou (BLR) | Boyan Li (CHN) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Artem Potapov (RUS) | Makar Mitrafanau (BLR) | Andrei Kuzmin (BLR) |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Victor Primeau (CAN) | Quinn Dehlinger (USA) | Émile Nadeau (CAN) |
| 2023 | Obertauern | Wang Guochen (CHN) | Volodymyr Kushnir (UKR) | Connor Curran (USA) |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Alexandre Duchaine (CAN) | Miha Fontaine (CAN) | Connor Curran (USA) |

### Moguls

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Nobuyuki Nishi (JPN) | Tim Preston (USA) | Antoine Perrin (FRA) |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Andrey Volkov (RUS) | Anthony Benna (FRA) | Jay Bowman-Kirigin (USA) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Bryon Wilson (USA) | Jay Bowman-Kirigin (USA) | Joseph Discoe (USA) |
| 2011 | Jyväskylä | Ville Miettunen (FIN) | Benjamin Cavet (GBR) | Olli Penttala (FIN) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Bradley Wilson (USA) | Ludvig Fjällström (SWE) | Choi Jae-woo (KOR) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Ludvig Fjällström (SWE) | Jussi Penttala (FIN) | Pirmin Kaufmann (GER) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Thomas Rowley (USA) | Benjamin Cavet (FRA) | Egor Anufriev (RUS) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Aleksey Pavlenko (RUS) | Egor Anufriev (RUS) | Andrey Makhnev (RUS) |
| 2016 | Åre | Hunter Bailey (USA) | Walter Wallberg (SWE) | Joel Hedrick (USA) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Jack Kariotis (USA) | Thomas Gerken Schofield (GBR) | Loke Nilsson (SWE) |
| 2018 | Duved | Loke Nilsson (SWE) | Albin Holmgren (SWE) | Thibaud Mouille (FRA) |
| 2019 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Nikita Novitskii (RUS) | Masahiro Kimoto (JPN) | Akseli Ahvenainen (FIN) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Nikita Andreev (RUS) | Akseli Ahvenainen (FIN) | Artem Shuldyakov (RUS) |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Cole McDonald (USA) | Enea Buzzi (SUI) | Filip Gravenfors (SWE) |
| 2023 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Filip Gravenfors (SWE) | Jung Dae-yoon (KOR) | Asher Michel (USA) |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Mateo Jeannesson (GBR) | Jung Dae-yoon (KOR) | Asher Michel (USA) |

### Dual moguls

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Tom Mazur (CAN) | Takumi Ootani (JPN) | Ruslan Sharifullin (RUS) |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Andrey Volkov (RUS) | Jay Bowman-Kirigin (USA) | Patrick Deneen (USA) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Dmitriy Reiherd (KAZ) | Jimmy Discoe (USA) | Jay Bowman-Kirigin (USA) |
| 2011 | Jyväskylä | Bryan Zemba (USA) | Jussi Penttala (FIN) | Jens Laurite (SWE) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Rikuya Tanaka (JPN) | Fredrik Saterberg (SWE) | Aleksey Pavlenko (RUS) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Thomas Rowley (USA) | Ludvig Fjällström (SWE) | Pavel Kolmakov (KAZ) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Benjamin Cavet (FRA) | Thomas Rowley (USA) | Marco Tadé (SUI) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Aleksey Pavlenko (RUS) | Egor Anufriev (RUS) | Casey Andringa (USA) |
| 2016 | Åre | Laurent Dumais (CAN) | Emerson Smith (USA) | Pavel Kolmakov (KAZ) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Riku Voutilainen (FIN) | Thomas Gerken Schofield (GBR) | Jack Kariotis (USA) |
| 2018 | Duved | Walter Wallberg (SWE) | Nicolas Degaches (FRA) | Takashi Koyama (JPN) |
| 2019 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Elliot Vaillancourt (CAN) | Masahiro Kimoto (JPN) | Alex Lewis (USA) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Shima Kawaoka (JPN) | Artem Shuldyakov (RUS) | Vyacheslav Novikov (RUS) |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Nick Page (USA) | Emil Holmgren (SWE) | Filip Gravenfors (SWE) |
| 2023 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Filip Gravenfors (SWE) | Emil Holmgren (SWE) | Mateo Jeannesson (GBR) |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Ikkei Fujimura (JPN) | Jung Dae-yoon (KOR) | Mateo Jeannesson (GBR) |

### Ski cross

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Andi Schauer (GER) | Anders Rekdal (NOR) | Petr Takac (CZE) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Renato Trummer (SUI) | Gregor Vinzens (SUI) | Armin Niederer (SUI) |
| 2010 | Otago | Didrik Bastian Juell (NOR) | Morten Ring Christensen (NOR) | Georgy Kornlov (RUS) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | John Eklund (SWE) | Terence Tchiknavorian (FRA) | Roman Ilin (RUS) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Francesco Mauriello (ITA) | Terence Tchiknavorian (FRA) | Marzellus Renn (GER) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Magnus Bjoernnes (NOR) | John Eklund (SWE) | Valentin Egger (GER) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Tyler Wallasch (USA) | Tim Hronek (GER) | Artem Kostenko (RUS) |
| 2016 | Val Thorens | Sandro Siebenhofer (AUT) | David Mobärg (SWE) | Kristofor Mahler (CAN) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Florian Wilmsmann (GER) | Zach Belczyk (CAN) | Erik Mobärg (SWE) |
| 2018 | Cardrona | Oliver Davies (GBR) | Sandro Siebenhofer (AUT) | Maxim Vikhrov (RUS) |
| 2019 | Reiteralm | David Mobärg (SWE) | Gavin Rowell (CAN) | Douglas Crawford (AUS) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Oliver Vierthaler (AUT) | Simone Deromedis (ITA) | Vladimir Shmyrov (RUS) |
| 2022 | Veysonnaz | Lucas Richard (SUI) | Sebastian Veit (GER) | Fredrik Nilsson (SWE) |
| 2023 | San Pellegrino Pass | Fredrik Nilsson (SWE) | Christoph Danksagmüller (AUT) | Robin Tissieres (SUI) |
| 2024 | Idre Fjäll | Kaleb Barnum (CAN) | Nicholas Katrusiak (CAN) | Till Hugenroth (GER) |

### Halfpipe

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Aurélien Fornier (FRA) | Davey Bowe (AUS) | Mickael Moh (FRA) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Kevin Rolland (FRA) | Antti-Jus Kemppainen (FIN) | Kalle Leinonen (FIN) |
| 2010 | Otago | Noah Bowman (CAN) | Walter Wood (USA) | Kristopher Atkinson (CAN) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | *Cancelled* | | |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Gurimu Narita (JPN) | Broby Leeds (USA) | Frederick Iliano (SUI) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Beau-James Wells (NZL) | Joel Gisler (SUI) | Kalle Hilden (FIN) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Beau-James Wells (NZL) | Jake Mageau (USA) | Birk Irving (USA) |
| 2017 | Crans Montana | Rafael Kreienbühl (SUI) | Samson Schuiling (USA) | Robin Briguet (SUI) |
| 2018 | Cardrona | Nico Porteous (NZL) | Dylan Ladd (USA) | Birk Ruud (NOR) |
| 2019 | Leysin | Connor Ladd (USA) | Hunter Carey (USA) | Aaron Durlester (USA) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Henry Sildaru (EST) | Lee Seung-hun (KOR) | Fedor Muralev (RUS) |
| 2022 | Leysin | Gustav Legnavsky (NZL) | Matthew Labaugh (USA) | Ben Fethke (USA) |
| 2023 | Cardrona | *Cancelled* | | |
| 2024 | *Not questioned* | | | |

### Slopestyle

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | Otago | Bobby Brown (USA) | Gus Kenworthy (USA) | Jonas Hunziker (SUI) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Kai Mahler (SUI) | Oistein Braaten (NOR) | Jonas Hunziker (SUI) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Felix Stridsberg-Usterud (NOR) | Brent Whipple (USA) | Luca Tribondeau (AUT) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Joona Kangas (FIN) | Till Matti (SUI) | Robert Andre Ruud (NOR) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Luca Schuler (SUI) | Beau-James Wells (NZL) | Birk Ruud (NOR) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Taisei Yamamoto (JPN) | Oliwer Magnusson (SWE) | Ryan Stevenson (USA) |
| 2018 | Cardrona | Oliwer Magnusson (SWE) | Sebastian Schjerve (NOR) | Kim Gubser (SUI) |
| 2019 | Kläppen | Édouard Therriault (CAN) | Kiernan Fagan (USA) | Ulrik Samnøy (NOR) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Matěj Švancer (CZE) | Daniel Bacher (AUT) | Henry Sildaru (EST) |
| 2022 | Leysin | Troy Podmilsak (USA) | Matthew Labaugh (USA) | Axel Burmansson (SWE) |
| 2023 | Cardrona | Charlie Beatty (CAN) | Fadri Rhyner (SUI) | Leo Landroe (NOR) |
| 2024 | Livigno/Mottolino | Frank Wahlström (NOR) | Henry Townshend (USA) | Henry Sildaru (EST) |

### Big air

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2018 | Cardrona | Mac Forehand (USA) | Ryan Stevenson (USA) | Thibault Magnin (ESP) |
| 2019 | Kläppen | Ulrik Samnøy (NOR) | Kiernan Fagan (USA) | Deven Fagan (USA) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Matěj Švancer (CZE) | Daniel Bacher (AUT) | Miro Tabanelli (ITA) |
| 2022 | Leysin | Troy Podmilsak (USA) | Luca Harrington (NZL) | Leo Landroe (NOR) |
| 2023 | Cardrona | Leo Landroe (NOR) | Matthew Lepine (CAN) | Fadri Rhyner (SUI) |
| 2024 | Livigno/Mottolino | *Qualifying heats and final cancelled due to adverse weather* | | | |

## Women's events

### Aerials

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Anna Zukal (RUS) | Dai Shuangfei (CHN) | Anna Belikh (RUS) |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Nadiya Didenko (UKR) | Nadja Leuenberger (SUI) | Olga Polyuk (UKR) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Xu Mengtao (CHN) | Yang Yu (CHN) | Olga Polyuk (UKR) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Quan Huilin (CHN) | Hanna Huskova (BLR) | Kiley McKinnon (USA) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Quan Huilin (CHN) | Anastasiya Novosad (UKR) | Aleksandra Orlova (RUS) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Catrine Lavallée (CAN) | Aleksandra Orlova (RUS) | Liubov Nikitina (RUS) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Aliaksandra Ramanouskaya (BLR) | Zhanbota Aldabergenova (KAZ) | Elle Gaudette (USA) |
| 2016 | Minsk | Aliaksandra Ramanouskaya (BLR) | Aleksandra Orlova (RUS) | Liubov Nikitina (RUS) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Liubov Nikitina (RUS) | Winter Vinecki (USA) | Qi Shao (CHN) |
| 2018 | Minsk | Liubov Nikitina (RUS) | Qi Shao (CHN) | Carol Bouvard (SUI) |
| 2019 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Sniazhana Drabiankova (BLR) | Jia Liya (CHN) | Yana Yarmashevich (BLR) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Anastasiia Prytkova (RUS) | Alexandra Bär (SUI) | Ursina Platz (SUI) |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Flavie Aumond (CAN) | Kaila Kuhn (USA) | Alexandra Bär (SUI) |
| 2023 | Obertauern | Chen Meiting (CHN) | Liu Xuanchi (CHN) | Amelia Glogowski (USA) |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Shen Jinyi (CHN) | Yang Xinyi (CHN) | Anhelina Brykina (UKR) |

### Moguls

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Hannah Kearney (USA) | Jessica Davis (USA) | Lauren Crawford (USA) |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Ekaterina Stolyarova (RUS) | Elena Muratova (RUS) | Caterian Mader (USA) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Ekaterina Stolyarova (RUS) | Kayla Snyderman (USA) | Chloé Dufour-Lapointe (CAN) |
| 2011 | Jyväskylä | Yuliya Galysheva (KAZ) | Marika Pertachiya (RUS) | Tereza Vaculíková (CZE) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Yuliya Galysheva (KAZ) | Anna Park (USA) | Marika Pertakhiya (RUS) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Keaton McCargo (USA) | Leonie Gerken Schofield (GBR) | Kaitlyn Harrell (USA) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Keaton McCargo (USA) | Morgan Schild (USA) | Perrine Laffont (FRA) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Perrine Laffont (FRA) | Avital Shimko (USA) | Jaelin Kauf (USA) |
| 2016 | Åre | Perrine Laffont (FRA) | Tess Johnson (USA) | Léa Bouard (FRA) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Trudy Mickel (USA) | Anastasia Smirnova (RUS) | Olivia Giaccio (USA) |
| 2018 | Duved | Kisara Sumiyoshi (JPN) | Hinako Tomitaka (JPN) | Viktoriia Lazarenko (RUS) |
| 2019 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Sabrina Cass (USA) | Hinako Tomitaka (JPN) | Viktoriia Lazarenko (RUS) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Anri Kawamura (JPN) | Viktoriia Lazarenko (RUS) | Anastasiia Smirnova (RUS) |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Elizabeth Lemley (CAN) | Anastassiya Gorodko (KAZ) | Alli Macuga (USA) |
| 2023 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Shiori Asano (JPN) | Marin Ito (JPN) | Ashley Koehler (CAN) |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Anastassiya Gorodko (KAZ) | Marin Ito (JPN) | Yuma Taguchi (JPN) |

### Dual moguls

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Hannah Kearney (USA) | Jessica Davis (USA) | Nadezhda Vaganova (RUS) |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Alizee Boulangeat (FRA) | Deborah Scanzio (ITA) | Elena Muratova (RUS) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Chloé Dufour-Lapointe (CAN) | Ekaterina Stolyarova (RUS) | Yuliya Rodionova (KAZ) |
| 2011 | Jyväskylä | Marika Pertakhiya (RUS) | Emilie Klingen Amundsen (NOR) | Isabella Cedercreutz (FIN) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Ali Kariotis (USA) | Marika Pertakhiya (RUS) | Yuliya Galysheva (KAZ) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Keaton McCargo (USA) | Kaitlyn Harrell (USA) | Perrine Laffont (FRA) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Ali Kariotis (USA) | Morgan Schild (USA) | Keaton McCargo (USA) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Perrine Laffont (FRA) | Anastasiya Safiulina (RUS) | Léa Bouard (FRA) |
| 2016 | Åre | Hinako Tomitaka (JPN) | Léa Bouard (FRA) | Berkley Brown (CAN) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Olivia Giaccio (USA) | Nora Lodoen (NOR) | Anastasia Smirnova (RUS) |
| 2018 | Duved | Viktoriia Lazarenko (RUS) | Maia Schwinghammer (CAN) | Anastasia Kulikova (RUS) |
| 2019 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Anastasia Smirnova (RUS) | Hinako Tomitaka (JPN) | Kisara Sumiyoshi (JPN) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Viktoriia Lazarenko (RUS) | Haruka Nakao (JPN) | Anastasia Smirnova (RUS) |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Anastassiya Gorodko (KAZ) | Elizabeth Lemley (CAN) | Alli Macuga (USA) |
| 2023 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Alli Macuga (USA) | Skylar Slettene (USA) | Kylie Kariotis (USA) |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Kylie Kariotis (USA) | Anastassiya Gorodko (KAZ) | Yuma Taguchi (JPN) |

### Ski cross

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | Krasnoe Ozero | Julia Manhard (GER) | Meryl Boulangeat (FRA) | Alizee Boulangeat (FRA) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Alizee Boulangeat (FRA) | Clara Marsan (FRA) | Flurina Marugg (SUI) |
| 2010 | Otago | Fanny Smith (SUI) | Katrin Ofner (AUT) | Yulia Livinskaya (RUS) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Julia Eichinger (GER) | Jorinde Müller (SUI) | Emilie Benz (SUI) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Marielle Thompson (CAN) | Ekaterina Maltseva (RUS) | Ekaterina Starichenko (RUS) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Jorinde Müller (SUI) | Sandra Näslund (SWE) | Margarethe Aschauer (GER) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | India Sherret (CAN) | Daniela Maier (GER) | Alexandra Edebo (SWE) |
| 2016 | Val Thorens | Sandra Näslund (SWE) | Victoria Zavadovskaya (RUS) | Laury Marullaz (FRA) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Sandra Näslund (SWE) | Lisa Andersson (SWE) | Alexa Velcic (CAN) |
| 2018 | Cardrona | Mikayla Martin (CAN) | Mazie Hayden (USA) | Elliane Hall (GBR) |
| 2019 | Reiteralm | Zoe Chore (CAN) | Talina Gantenbein (SUI) | Celia Funkler (GER) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Darya Melchakova (RUS) | Diana Cholenská (CZE) | Polina Ryabova (RUS) |
| 2022 | Veysonnaz | Sonja Gigler (AUT) | Linnea Mobaerg (SWE) | Christina Födermayr (AUT) |
| 2023 | San Pellegrino Pass | Emeline Bennett (CAN) | Veronika Redder (GER) | Margaux Dumont (SUI) |
| 2024 | Idre Fjäll | Emeline Bennett (CAN) | Veronika Redder (GER) | Uma Kruse Een (SWE) |

### Halfpipe

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003 | Marble Mountain | Jennifer Hudak (USA) | Davina Williams (AUS) | Kendra Perry (CAN) |
| 2007 | Airolo | Kim Sharp (USA) | Sophia Schwartz (USA) | Anaïs Caradeux (FRA) |
| 2010 | Otago | Brita Sigourney (USA) | Hannah Haupt (USA) | Devin Logan (USA) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | *Cancelled* | | |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Nina Ragettli (SUI) | Zyre Austin (USA) | Rowan Cheshire (GBR) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Sabrina Cakmakli (GER) | Elizaveta Chesnokova (RUS) | Jeanee Crane-Mauzy (USA) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Molly Summerhayes (GBR) | Valeriya Demidova (RUS) | Anna Gorham (USA) |
| 2017 | Crans Montana | Kelly Sildaru (EST) | Svea Irving (USA) | Valeriya Demidova (RUS) |
| 2018 | Cardrona | Kelly Sildaru (EST) | Valeriya Demidova (RUS) | Kexin Zhang (CHN) |
| 2019 | Leysin | Constance Brogden (GBR) | Iaroslavna Muntian (RUS) | Ruby Andrews (NZL) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Alexandra Glazkova (RUS) | Michelle Rageth (SUI) | Kim Da-eun (KOR) |
| 2022 | Leysin | Kim Da-eun (KOR) | Kathryn Gray (USA) | Piper Arnold (USA) |
| 2023 | Cardrona | *Cancelled* | | |
| 2024 | *Not questioned* | | | |

### Slopestyle

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | Otago | Jamie Crane-Mauzy (USA) | Keltie Hansen (CAN) | Devin Logan (USA) |
| 2012 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Devin Logan (USA) | Christianse Sjaastad (NOR) | Sandra Dejin (SWE) |
| 2013 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Lisa Zimmermann (GER) | Alexi Micinski (USA) | Katie Summerhayes (GBR) |
| 2014 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Katie Summerhayes (GBR) | Johanne Killi (NOR) | Sabrina Cakmakli (GER) |
| 2015 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Nanaho Kiriyama (JPN) | Sandra Moestue Eie (NOR) | Caroline Claire (USA) |
| 2017 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Kelly Sildaru (EST) | Jennie-Lee Burmansson (SWE) | Caroline Claire (USA) |
| 2018 | Cardrona | Kelly Sildaru (EST) | Anastasia Tatalina (RUS) | Kokone Kondo (JPN) |
| 2019 | Kläppen | Kelly Sildaru (EST) | Kirsty Muir (GBR) | Rell Harwood (USA) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Ksenia Orlova (RUS) | Muriel Mohr (GER) | Michelle Rageth (SUI) |
| 2022 | Leysin | Ruby Anrews (NZL) | Jade Michaud (FRA) | Kathryn Gray (USA) |
| 2023 | Cardrona | Muriel Mohr (GER) | Flora Tabanelli (ITA) | Mischa Thomas (NZL) |
| 2024 | Livigno/Mottolino | Muriel Mohr (GER) | Eleanor Andrews (USA) | Avery Krumme (CAN) |

### Big air

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2018 | Kläppen | Anastasia Tatalina (RUS) | Kelly Sildaru (EST) | Lana Prusakova (RUS) |
| 2019 | Cardrona | Kelly Sildaru (EST) | Megan Oldham (CAN) | Kirsty Muir (GBR) |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Ksenia Orlova (RUS) | Muriel Mohr (GER) | Snezhana Prays (RUS) |
| 2022 | Leysin | Brynn Johnston (CAN) | Kathryn Gray (USA) | Jade Michaud (FRA) |
| 2023 | Cardrona | Flora Tabanelli (ITA) | Han Linshan (CHN) | Yang Ruyi (CHN) |
| 2024 | Livigno/Mottolino | Flora Tabanelli (ITA) | Muriel Mohr (GER) | Mariia Aniichyn (UKR) |

## Mixed events

### Team aerials

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Russia I<br>Anastasiia Prytkova<br>Artem Potapov<br>Arsenii Vagin | Belarus I<br>Anna Derugo<br>Ihar Drabiankou<br>Makar Mitrafanau | Russia II<br>Eseniia Pantiukhova<br>Denis Sliadnev<br>Ildar Khakimov |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | United States I<br>Kaila Kuhn<br>Connor Curran<br>Quinn Dehlinger | Canada I<br>Flavie Aumond<br>Miha Fontaine<br>Émile Nadeau | Canada II<br>Rosalie Gagnon<br>Victor Primeau<br>Pierre-Olivier Cote |
| 2023 | Obertauern | China I<br>Liu Xuanchi<br>Chen Shuo<br>Wang Guochen | United States I<br>Amelia Glogowski<br>Connor Curran<br>Ian Schoenwald | Canada I<br>Charlie Fontaine<br>Victor Primeau<br>Anthony Noel |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | Canada I<br>Alexandra Montminy<br>Miha Fontaine<br>Alexandre Duchaine | China I<br>Shen Jinyi<br>Yang Yuheng<br>Li Neng | Ukraine I<br>Anhelina Brykina<br>Zakhar Maksymchuk<br>Maksym Kuznietsov |

### Team dual moguls

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2022 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | United States III<br>Alli Macuga<br>Jackson Crockett | Kazakhstan I<br>Anastassiya Gorodko<br>Fedor Bugakov | United States I<br>Kasey Hogg<br>Cole McDonald |
| 2023 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | United States<br>Alli Macuga<br>Asher Michel | Canada<br>Ashley Koehler<br>Jean-Christophe Bougie | Sweden<br>Moa Gustafson<br>Emil Holmgren |
| 2024 | Chiesa in Valmalenco | *Cancelled* | | |

### Team ski cross

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | Krasnoyarsk | Austria I<br>Oliver Vierthaler<br>Christina Födermayr | Italy I<br>Simone Deromedis<br>Andrea Chesi | Russia II<br>Andrei Gerasimov<br>Polina Ryabova |
| 2022 | *Not held* | | | |
| 2023 | San Pellegrino Pass | Switzerland I<br>Robin Tissieres<br>Margaux Dumont | Canada I<br>Nicholas Katrusiak<br>Emeline Bennett | France I<br>Edgar Baillet<br>Mathilde Brodier |
| 2024 | Idre Fjäll | Germany I<br>Till Hugenroth<br>Veronika Redder | Canada I<br>Nicholas Katrusiak<br>Emeline Bennett | United States I<br>Jack Mitchell<br>Morgan Shute |

## All-time medal table

*Updated after 2023 edition (excluding events in August in Cardrona).*

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | United States | 35 | 43 | 37 | 115 |
| 2 | Russia | 26 | 21 | 35 | 82 |
| 3 | Canada | 16 | 9 | 10 | 35 |
| 4 | Sweden | 11 | 14 | 10 | 35 |
| 5 | Switzerland | 10 | 9 | 16 | 35 |
| 6 | Japan | 10 | 8 | 3 | 21 |
| 7 | France | 8 | 9 | 12 | 29 |
| 8 | Belarus | 8 | 7 | 4 | 19 |
| 9 | China | 7 | 7 | 7 | 21 |
| 10 | Estonia | 7 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| 11 | Germany | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 |
| 12 | New Zealand | 5 | 2 | 1 | 8 |
| 13 | Norway | 4 | 9 | 5 | 18 |
| 14 | Great Britain | 4 | 5 | 6 | 15 |
| 15 | Austria | 4 | 5 | 2 | 11 |
| 16 | Kazakhstan | 4 | 3 | 4 | 11 |
| 17 | Finland | 3 | 4 | 5 | 12 |
| 18 | Czech Republic | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 19 | Ukraine | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 20 | Italy | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 21 | South Korea | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 22 | Australia | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 23 | Spain | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (23 entries) | | 173 | 173 | 173 | 519 |

## Most successful athletes

*Updated after 2023 edition (excluding events in August in Cardrona).*

### Men

| Rank | Athlete | Country | Discipline(s) | From | To | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Thomas Rowley | United States | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2013 | 2014 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| | Beau-James Wells | New Zealand | Halfpipe & Slopestyle | 2014 | 2015 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| | Maxim Burov | Russia | Aerials | 2014 | 2016 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | Filip Gravenfors | Sweden | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2013 | 2014 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| 5 | Aleksey Pavlenko | Russia | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2012 | 2015 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 6 | Andrey Volkov | Russia | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2006 | 2006 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| | Maxim Gustik | Belarus | Aerials | 2006 | 2007 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| | Matěj Švancer | Czech Republic | Slopestyle & Big air | 2021 | 2021 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| | Wang Guochen | China | Aerials | 2023 | 2023 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| | Troy Podmilsak | United States | Slopestyle & Big air | 2023 | 2023 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |

### Women

| Rank | Athlete | Country | Discipline(s) | From | To | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Kelly Sildaru | Estonia | Halfpipe, Slopestyle & Big air | 2017 | 2019 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
| 2 | Perrine Laffont | France | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2014 | 2016 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 5 |
| | Alli Macuga | United States | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2014 | 2016 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 5 |
| 4 | Keaton McCargo | United States | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2013 | 2014 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 5 | Viktoriia Lazarenko | Russia | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2018 | 2021 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 6 | Ekaterina Stolyarova | Russia | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2006 | 2007 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| | Sandra Näslund | Sweden | Ski cross | 2014 | 2017 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 8 | Liubov Nikitina | Russia | Aerials | 2014 | 2018 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| 9 | Alizée Boulangeat | France | Dual moguls & Ski cross | 2006 | 2007 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| | Yuliya Galysheva | Kazakhstan | Moguls & Dual moguls | 2011 | 2012 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |


title: FAM129A

abstract: Protein Niban is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAM129A gene. Paralogs of this protein include FAM129B, and FAM129C.

text:
# FAM129A

**Protein Niban** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *FAM129A* gene. Paralogs of this protein include FAM129B, and FAM129C.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| NIBAN1 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | NIBAN1, C1orf24, NIBAN, GIG39, family with sequence similarity 129 member A, niban apoptosis regulator 1, FAM129A | | |
| External IDs | MGI: 2137237; HomoloGene: 62170; GeneCards: NIBAN1; OMA:NIBAN1 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_052966   NM\_022018   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_443198   NP\_071301   Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 184.79 – 184.97 Mb Chr 1: 151.45 – 151.6 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: John Witherspoon Scott

abstract: John Witherspoon Scott was an American Presbyterian minister, academic, and college administrator. His daughter Caroline Harrison became First Lady of the United States after her husband, Benjamin Harrison, was elected as president.

text:
# John Witherspoon Scott

**John Witherspoon Scott** (January 22, 1800 – November 29, 1892) was an American Presbyterian minister, academic, and college administrator. His daughter Caroline Harrison became First Lady of the United States after her husband, Benjamin Harrison, was elected as president.

## Early life and education

The son of George McElroy Scott (1759–1848) and Anna Rey (1775–1852), John was born in Beaver County, Pennsylvania. He received his college education at Yale University and was ordained as a Presbyterian minister.

## Career

Scott was hired in the 1820s at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, as its first professor of science. He was fired for his anti-slavery views during the presidency of George Junkin.

After teaching for several years in Cincinnati, Scott returned to Oxford in 1849, having been appointed as the first president of the Presbyterian Oxford Female Institute. His daughter Caroline graduated from there in 1852.

As minister, Scott presided over the wedding of his daughter to Benjamin Harrison in 1853. Dr. Scott served as president of the Oxford Female College and as a professor at Hanover College.

## Marriage and family

Scott married Mary Potts Neal (12 October 1811 – 1876). They had five children:

* Elizabeth Mayhew Scott (1828–1889); married in 1849 Russell Farnham Lord (1802–1867), and had issue, including Mary Dimmick Harrison.
* Caroline Lavinia "Carrie" Scott (1832–1892); married future United States President Benjamin Harrison in 1853, and had issue.
* John Neal Scott (1836–1898); married Eleanor Gorgas and had issue.
* Henry M. Scott (1838–1877)
* Mary E. Scott (1843–1872); married James W. Spear and had issue.

## Later years

After his wife's death, Scott lived with President and Mrs. Harrison in the White House during their term. Both he and his daughter died there in 1892, he a month after her.

## InfoBox

| John Witherspoon Scott | |
| --- | --- |
| Scott in 1891 | |
| Born | January 22, 1800
Beaver County, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | November 29, 1892(1892-11-29) (aged 92)
White House, Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Alma mater | Yale University |
| Occupation(s) | Presbyterian minister, academic, college administrator |
| Employer(s) | Miami University
Oxford Female College
Hanover College |
| Spouse | Mary Potts Neal  (m. 1828; died 1876) |
| Children | 5, including Caroline Harrison |
| Relatives | Benjamin Harrison (son-in-law)
Mary Harrison McKee (granddaughter)
Russell Benjamin Harrison (grandson)
Mary Dimmick Harrison (granddaughter)
Elizabeth Harrison Walker (great-granddaughter) |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson

abstract: Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson is a United States military facility in Anchorage, Alaska. It is a joint base formed from the United States Air Force's Elmendorf Air Force Base and the United States Army's Fort Richardson, which were merged in 2010. The adjacent facilities were officially combined by the 2005 Base Closure and Realignment Commission. Its mission is to support and defend U.S. interests in the Asia Pacific region and around the world by providing units who are ready for worldwide air power projection and a base that is capable of meeting USINDOPACOM's theater staging and throughput requirements. It is the home of the Headquarters, Alaskan Command (ALCOM), Alaskan NORAD Region (ANR), Joint Task Force-Alaska (JTF-AK), Eleventh Air Force, the 673d Air Base Wing, the 3rd Wing, the 176th Wing and other Tenant Units.

text:
# Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson

**Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson** (IATA: **EDF**, ICAO: **PAED**, FAA LID: **EDF**) is a United States military facility in Anchorage, Alaska. It is a joint base formed from the United States Air Force's Elmendorf Air Force Base and the United States Army's Fort Richardson, which were merged in 2010.

The adjacent facilities were officially combined by the 2005 Base Closure and Realignment Commission. Its mission is to support and defend U.S. interests in the Asia Pacific region and around the world by providing units who are ready for worldwide air power projection and a base that is capable of meeting USINDOPACOM's theater staging and throughput requirements.

It is the home of the Headquarters, Alaskan Command (ALCOM), Alaskan NORAD Region (ANR), Joint Task Force-Alaska (JTF-AK), Eleventh Air Force (11 AF), the 673d Air Base Wing, the 3rd Wing, the 176th Wing and other Tenant Units.

## Units

Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson (JBER), is one of 12 Joint Bases that were created in accordance with the Base Realignment and Closure Commission's BRAC 2005 round. The 673d ABW consists of four groups that operate and maintain the joint base for air sovereignty, combat training, force staging and throughput operations in support of worldwide contingencies.

The installation hosts the headquarters for the United States Alaskan Command, 11th Air Force, 11th Airborne Division, and the Alaskan North American Aerospace Defense Command Region.

Major units assigned are:

Activated on 30 July 2010 as the host wing combining installation management functions of Elmendorf AFB's 3rd Wing and U.S. Army Garrison Fort Richardson. The 673d ABW comprises over 5,500 joint military and civilian personnel, supporting America's Arctic Warriors and their families. The wing supports and enables three AF total-force wings, two Army Brigades and 55 other tenant units. In addition, the wing provides medical care to over 35,000 joint service members, dependents, VA patients and retirees throughout Alaska. The 673d ABW maintains an $11.4B infrastructure encompassing 84,000 acres. Responsible for maximizing theater force readiness for 21,000 Alaskan service members and expediting worldwide contingency force deployments from and through Alaska as directed by the Commander, NORTHCOM. 11th Airborne Division executes continuous training and readiness oversight responsibilities for Army Force Generation in Alaska. Supports U.S. Pacific Command Theater Security Cooperation Program. On order, executes Joint Force Land Component Command functions in support of Homeland Defense and Security in Alaska. On order, 2/11 IBCT(ABN) conducts decisive action, to include joint forcible entry, as an Army Contingency Response Force (CRF) aligned with PACOM in order to promote security and peaceful development in the Asia-Pacific region. To support and defend US interests in the Asia Pacific region and around the world by providing units who are ready for worldwide air power projection and a base that is capable of meeting PACOM's theater staging and throughput requirements. * Alaskan Norad Region

The Alaskan NORAD Region (ANR) conducts aerospace control within its area of operations and contributes to NORAD's aerospace warning mission. Provide ready warriors and infrastructure for homeland defense, decisive force projection, and aerospace command and control

### Major Commands to which assigned

### Base operating units

### Major units assigned

* 381st Intelligence Squadron (2010–present)
(6981st with various unit designations under USAFSS)
* 3rd Wing (2010 – present)
* 176th Wing (2011–present) The 176th Wing (AK ANG) moved from the former Kulis Air National Guard Base to JBER in 2011. Its new facilities, an area north of the flightline, were unofficially but widely nicknamed 'Camp Kulis'. The area includes a headquarters building, pararescue facility, and several other installations used by the 176th Wing.

## Notable aviation accidents

On July 28, 2010, a Boeing C-17 Globemaster III cargo aircraft practicing for an upcoming airshow crashed into a wooded area within the base, killing all four aircrew members; three from the Alaska Air National Guard and one from the USAF. The cause of the accident has been reported to be pilot error. The pilot performed an aggressive righthand turn and ignored the aircraft's stall warning, continuing the turn until the aircraft stalled due to lack of airspeed. The low altitude of the turn made it impossible for the crew to recover from the stall in time to avoid impacting the ground. The C-17 crashed just 100 yards from the site of the 1995 E-3 AWACS crash.

On November 16, 2010, a Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor took off for a training mission. At approximately 1900 hours, the base reported that the aircraft was overdue and missing. Air Force rescue teams were reported to be concentrating their search for the missing plane and pilot, Captain Jeffrey Haney, in Denali National Park. The F-22's crash site was found about 100 miles north of Anchorage near the town of Cantwell, Alaska. The pilot, part of the US Air Force's 525th Fighter Squadron, was killed in the crash.

After the crash, F-22s were restricted to flying below 25,000 feet, then grounded during the investigation. The crash was attributed to a bleed air system malfunction after an engine overheat condition was detected, shutting down the Environmental Control System (ECS) and OBOGS. The accident review board ruled Haney was to blame, as he did not react properly to engage the emergency oxygen system. Haney's widow sued Lockheed Martin, claiming equipment defects, and later reached a settlement. After the ruling, the emergency oxygen system engagement handle was redesigned; the system was eventually replaced by an automatic backup oxygen system (ABOS). On 11 February 2013, the DoD's Inspector General released a report stating that the USAF had erred in blaming Haney, and that facts did not sufficiently support conclusions; the USAF stated that it stood by the ruling.

## Attribution

This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

## InfoBox

| Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson | |
| --- | --- |
| Anchorage, Alaska in United States | |
| 3rd Wing Change of Command - July 2022 | |
|  | |
| JB Elmendorf-RichardsonLocation in Alaska | |
| Coordinates | 61°15′05″N 149°48′23″W / 61.25139°N 149.80639°W / 61.25139; -149.80639 (JB Elmendorf-Richardson) |
| Type | US military Joint Base |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Department of Defense |
| Operator | US Air Force |
| Controlled by | Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) |
| Condition | Operational |
| Website | www.jber.jb.mil |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1940 (1940) (as Elmendorf Field and Fort Richardson) |
| In use | 2010 (2010) (as Joint Base) |
| Garrison information | |
| Garrison | 673rd Air Base Wing (Host) |
| Airfield information | |
| Identifiers | IATA: EDF, ICAO: PAED, FAA LID: EDF, WMO: 702720 |
| Elevation | 64.9 metres (213 ft) AMSL |
| Runways  Direction Length and surface  06/24 3,048 metres (10,000 ft) Asphalt  16/34 2,283.8 metres (7,493 ft) Asphalt | |
| **Source:** Federal Aviation Administration | |


title: Red Button (digital television)

abstract: The Red Button is a push-button on the remote control for certain digital television set top boxes in the UK, Australia, Belgium, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand and by DirecTV and Comcast in the United States. It is for interactive television services such as BBC Red Button and Astro (Malaysia). When interactive programmes are broadcast a Press Red icon will appear on the television screen. Accreditation for the protocols behind what were originally known as 'side channels' is commonly given to London-based Entertainments Consultancy company 'Southbank UK'.

text:
# Red Button (digital television)

The **Red Button** is a push-button on the remote control for certain digital television set top boxes in the UK, Australia, Belgium, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand and by DirecTV and Comcast in the United States. It is for interactive television services such as BBC Red Button and Astro (Malaysia). When interactive programmes are broadcast a *Press Red* icon will appear on the television screen.

Accreditation for the protocols behind what were originally known as 'side channels' is commonly given to London-based Entertainments Consultancy company 'Southbank UK' (now disbanded).

## Red Button in the UK

Sky UK previously used a video of a dog and a duck playing together and saying "press the red button" to promote the red button to its viewers. *Pop Idol* used the red button as a voting device.

The feature also enables several different feeds from an event, thereby enabling viewers to select between events or sporting matches that may be taking place simultaneously. For example, when the 2006 FIFA World Cup was aired, viewers could choose to view matches from multiple camera angles, or hear an alternate commentary.

## Red Button in other places

Hong Kong's TVB uses the Red Button to access TVBar, an interactive service on TVB Finance & Information Channel and TVB J2.

The United States' DirecTV satellite service utilizes the Red Button in certain interactive capacities, such as for instance, bringing up the "ScoreGuide", a list of sports matches and scores being played at that instant, on a sports network like ESPN. However, for older boxes from about 2006-2014, the red button was mainly used for guide functions in conjunction with three other colored buttons, much like Sky Digital; the newest remote that DirecTV has started to offer alongside their new "Genie" whole-home DVR only has the red button, while the other buttons' functions were relegated to other keys. DirecTV is the only TV provider in the US to provide red button services; other providers do offer interactive services, but do not use a red button (such as rival Dish Network and IPTV provider Verizon Fios), and still others do not offer much in the way of interactivity.

1. Red-button Interactive TV Services
* Jane Hoskyn (2006-06-01). "How to take advantage of interactive TV services: Press the red button to find out how interactive applications can change the way you watch the box". *Computeract!ve*. VNU Business Publications. Archived from the original on 2012-03-30.


title: Red Jade

abstract: The Red Jade was Ericsson's unreleased handheld console, intended to compete with the Game Boy Advance.

text:
# Red Jade

The **Red Jade** was Ericsson's unreleased handheld console, intended to compete with the Game Boy Advance.

## History

### Development

Fredrik Liljegren founded Red Jade as a startup company in February 2000. The startup included other notable developers such as RJ Mical. Originally the developing team for the Red Jade approached Sony and Sega as potential partners but both declined. Ericsson decided to invest US$10 million in the Red Jade, It was to be released by Christmas season 2002 and would have retailed for $150.

### Cancellation

When overall sales plummeted, Ericsson cancelled the Red Jade before production in April 2001 and cut 22,000 employees to help minimize losses. The collapse of the Dot-com bubble left the startup in a position where it was unable to find other investors to continue development. The number of existing prototype units is unclear along with possibility of games made for them. Quake III Arena was said to have received a port. Ericsson's mobile phone division later divested into joint venture with Sony and rebranded as Sony Ericsson, until Sony acquired Ericsson's share and became Sony Mobile Communications. In 2006 Red Jade as a company would be restarted by Liliegreen to operate as a game development studio.

## Specifications

The Red Jade which was supposed to have PDA functions, wireless connectability, DivX movies, cell phone capabilities, a GPS server, MP3 audio playback, a web browser, the ability to download games from the website, game sharing utilizing Bluetooth technology, and graphics equivalent to the PlayStation or Nintendo 64.

The system used a 32-bit or 64-bit MIPS architecture processor 3D polygon graphics were said to possibly be handled by an NVIDIA chipset. Graphics were displayed on a TFT LCD that supported 65536 colors. The system used multi-channel PCM audio. Bluetooth technology enabled wireless communication between 2 or more machines The system was powered by a Lithium-ion battery

## InfoBox

Red Jade
| Developer | Red Jade |
| --- | --- |
| Manufacturer | Ericsson |
| Type | Handheld game console |
| Generation | Sixth generation of video game consoles |
| Release date | ~2002 (Planned) |
| Lifespan | Cancelled |
| Introductory price | Between $100 and $300 |
| Discontinued | April 2001 |
| Media | Digital distribution |
| CPU | 32-bit or 64-bit MIPS architecture processor |
| Display | Reflective TFT (Non backlit) |
| Graphics | Custom chipset |
| Sound | Stereo |
| Connectivity | Bluetooth
900 MHz or 2.4 GHz wireless
Cellular (optional) |
| Power | Integrated rechargeable battery. |
| Website | Redjade.com (Archived) |


title: Utricularia tenella

abstract: Utricularia tenella is a terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. Its distribution includes areas in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania.

text:
# Utricularia tenella

***Utricularia tenella*** is a terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus *Utricularia* (family Lentibulariaceae). Its distribution includes areas in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania.

## InfoBox

| *Utricularia tenella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lentibulariaceae |
| Genus: | *Utricularia* |
| Subgenus: | *Utricularia* subg. *Polypompholyx* |
| Section: | *Utricularia sect. Polypompholyx* |
| Species: | ***U. tenella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Utricularia tenella***<br>R.Br. 1810 | |
|


title: Utricularia tenuissima

abstract: Utricularia tenuissima is a small, annual, terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia and is the only member of Utricularia sect. Martinia. U. tenuissima is endemic to South America, where it can be found in Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela. It grows as a terrestrial plant in wet, open savanna usually in sand at altitudes from sea level to 2,100 m (6,890 ft). It was originally published and described by Thomas Gaskell Tutin in 1934 and placed in its own section, Martinia, in 1986 by Peter Taylor.

text:
# Utricularia tenuissima

***Utricularia tenuissima*** is a small, annual, terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus *Utricularia* and is the only member of ***Utricularia* sect. *Martinia***. *U. tenuissima* is endemic to South America, where it can be found in Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela. It grows as a terrestrial plant in wet, open savanna usually in sand at altitudes from sea level to 2,100 m (6,890 ft). It was originally published and described by Thomas Gaskell Tutin in 1934 and placed in its own section, *Martinia*, in 1986 by Peter Taylor.

## InfoBox

| *Utricularia tenuissima* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lentibulariaceae |
| Genus: | *Utricularia* |
| Subgenus: | *Utricularia* subg. *Utricularia* |
| Section: | *Utricularia sect. Martinia*
P.Taylor |
| Species: | ***U. tenuissima*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Utricularia tenuissima***
Tutin | |
|


abstract: The 1894 World Allround Speed Skating Championships took place at 10 and 11 February 1894 at the ice rink Saltsjöbanen in Stockholm, Sweden. 19 skaters from six countries participated. It is the first World Allround Speed Skating Championships skated outside off Amsterdam. The Dutch skater Jaap Eden was the defending champion. No new champion was declared because none of the skaters won three distances.

text:
# 1894 World Allround Speed Skating Championships

The **1894 World Allround Speed Skating Championships** took place at 10 and 11 February 1894 at the ice rink Saltsjöbanen in Stockholm, Sweden. 19 skaters from six countries participated. It is the first World Allround Speed Skating Championships skated outside off Amsterdam. The Dutch skater Jaap Eden was the defending champion. No new champion was declared because none of the skaters won three distances.

## Allround results

| Place | Athlete | Country | 500m | 500m
final | 5000m | 1500m | 1500m
final | 10000m |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| NC1 | Halvdan Nielsen | Norway | 54.4 (9) |  | 10:01.0 (2) | 2:56.8 (7) |  | 19:43.8 (2) |
| NC2 | Sergey Puresev | Russia | 55.8 (12) |  | 10:19.0 (3) | 2:52.6 (5) |  | 20:28.6 (4) |
| NC3 | Frithjof Ericson | Sweden | 56.6 (14) |  | 10:21.6 (4) | 3:02.4 (10) |  | 20:08.8 (3) |
| NC4 | Mauritz Callin | Sweden | 53.4 (8) |  | 10:22.6 (5) | 3:06.2 (13)\* |  | 20:43.4 (6) |
| NC5 | John Larsson | Sweden | 55.0 (10) |  | 10:49.2 (9) | 2:58.8 (9) |  | 20:35.0 (5) |
| NC6 | Gustaf Johansson | Sweden | 55.4 (11) |  | 10:44.0 (8) | 2:58.6 (8) |  | 20:45.4 (7) |
| NC7 | James Aveling | United Kingdom | 56.0 (13) |  | 11:02.8 (11) | 3:06.8 (15) |  | 21:51.0 (12) |
| NC8 | Fredrik Gölin | Sweden | 59.2 (17) |  | 10:54.2 (10) | 3:06.0 (12) |  | 21:48.4 (11) |
| NC | Einar Halvorsen | Norway | 51.8 (5) |  | **9:32.0 (1)** | 2:45.8 (2) | **2:35.6 (1)** | NS |
| NC | Peder Østlund | Norway | 51.0 (2) | 52.2 (4) | 10:25.6 (6) | 2:48.4 (3) | 2:48.2 (3) | NS |
| NC | Sven Bodee | Sweden | 58.2 (16) |  | 10:31.0 (7) | NF |  | 20:55.0 (8) |
| NC | Josef Jahnzon | Sweden | 1:04.8 (18)\* |  | 11:08.0 (11) | NS |  | NS |
| NC | Jaap Eden | Netherlands | 51.4 (3) | 50.4 (2) | NF | 2:45.2 (1) | 2:36.2 (2) | **19:12.4 (1)** |
| NC | Alfred Næss | Norway | 50.4 (1) | 51.4 (3) | NS | 2:55.4 (6) |  | NS |
| NC | Oskar Fredriksen | Norway | 51.4 (3) | **50.4 (1)** | NS | 2:49.8 (4) | 2:49.8 (4) | NF |
| NC | Gustaf Gustafsson | Sweden | 52.2 (6) |  | NS | 3:03.2 (11) |  | NS |
| NC | Helmer Langborg | Sweden | 53.0 (7) |  | NS | NS |  | NS |
| NC | Johan Lindstedt | Finland | 56.8 (15) |  | NS | 3:06.2 (13) |  | 21:17.6 (10) |
| NC | Gunnar Langborg | Sweden | NS |  | NS | NS |  | NF |

* = Fell NC = Not classified NF = Not finished NS = Not started DQ = Disqualified

Source: SpeedSkatingStats.com

## Rules

Four distances had to be skated: 500, 1500, 5000 and 10,000 m. One could earn the world title only by winning at least three of the four distances, otherwise the title would be vacant. The winner of the 500 and 1500 meter was decided by a skate off of the best four skaters of the distance. Silver and bronze medals were not awarded.

## InfoBox

| World Allround Speed Skating Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| **Jaap Eden**
First official ISU-World Champion | |
| Venue | Saltsjöbanen, Stockholm, Sweden |
| Dates | 10–11 February |
| Competitors | 19 from 6 nations |
| Medalist men | |
| Not declared | |
|


title: Esports at the 2023 Pan American Games

abstract: Esports competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile, were featured as a demonstration sport, meaning medals won in this sport would not be counted in the official overall medal tally. It was held between October 21 and November 4, 2023, at the National Stadium Sports Park. Two video games were featured in the demonstration event, Dota 2 and eFootball 2023, it was held at the Pan American Esports Championships, being organized by the Global Esports Federation.

text:
# Esports at the 2023 Pan American Games

**Esports** competitions at the **2023 Pan American Games** in Santiago, Chile, were featured as a demonstration sport, meaning medals won in this sport would not be counted in the official overall medal tally. It was held between October 21 and November 4, 2023, at the National Stadium Sports Park.

Two video games were featured in the demonstration event, *Dota 2* and *eFootball 2023*, it was held at the Pan American Esports Championships, being organized by the Global Esports Federation.

## Participating nations

A total of 25 NOC's qualified athletes. The number of athletes a nation entered is in parentheses beside the name of the country.

## Medal summary

### Medal table

*   Host nation (Chile)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Peru | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Brazil | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Mexico | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Argentina | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 5 | Chile* | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Ecuador | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Paraguay | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (7 entries) | | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |

Source:

### Medalists

#### Open events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *eFootball 2023* tournament | Celic Hernández
Mexico | Claudio Henrique Mesquita
Brazil | Lautaro Federico Raris
Argentina |
| *Dota 2* tournament | Peru
 | Argentina
Alan Cruz
Fabricio Suárez
Mariano Caneda
Mauricio Avendaño
Nicolás Flores
Nicolás Moreno | Ecuador
 |

#### Women's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *eFootball 2023* tournament | Monik Correa Bisoni
Brazil | María Belén Giunta
Argentina | Verónica Rocio Chavez Girett
Paraguay |
| *Dota 2* tournament | Peru
 | Argentina
Débora Ponce
Lucía Polanco
Luz Ayala
Milena Evangelista
Romina Pacheco
Victoria Destribats | Chile
 |

## InfoBox

| Esports at the 2023 Pan American Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Esports pictograms | |
| Venue | National Stadium Sports Park |
| Start date | October 21, 2023 (2023-10-21) |
| End date | November 4, 2023 (2023-11-04) |
| No. of events | 4 (2 men, 2 women) |
| Competitors | 120 from 25 nations |


title: Elisabeth Anderson Sierra

abstract: Elisabeth Anderson Sierra is an American woman who holds the Guinness World Record for the largest individual donation of breast milk.

text:
# Elisabeth Anderson Sierra

**Elisabeth Anderson Sierra** (born c.1988) is an American woman who holds the Guinness World Record for the largest individual donation of breast milk.

## Family and life

Anderson Sierra is a resident of Aloha, Oregon. She is married to David Sierra, and together they have two daughters and a son. She has a medical condition called hyperlactation syndrome characterized by excessive breast milk production, which leads to milk overflow. Anderson Sierra has been actively involved in donating breast milk to both local families and recipients worldwide. As of July 2023, her estimated total donation of breast milk amounts to over 350,000 U.S. fluid ounces (10,000 liters). She has received multiple nicknames, including "the milk goddess", "super producer", and "pumping queen."

## Hyperlactation syndrome

In 2014, Sierra was diagnosed with hyperlactation syndrome, a medical condition characterized by an excessive production of breast milk. Approximately midway through her initial pregnancy, she found herself producing a substantial amount of breast milk, approximately 20 U.S. fluid ounces (0.59 liters) per day. During her prenatal appointments, she communicated her milk volume in ounces while her midwife and doctor mistakenly understood it to be in milliliters. In truth, she was producing more milk than 45 milliliters, which is considered normal during pregnancy.

As a result of this syndrome, Sierra produces approximately 225 US fluid ounces (6.7 L) of breast milk per day, which is nearly 8 to 10 times the amount produced by an average mother. Not wanting this surplus to go to waste, she donates her extra breast milk.

Sierra has been collaborating with a breast pump company to make breastfeeding easier for nursing moms. She works as a certified lactation counselor and as the director of lactation services at a breast pump company named BabyBuddha.

## Record

Milk sharing is the act of donating breast milk, either packaged or by directly breastfeeding a recipient's infant. This can supplement or replace infant formula or the infant's mother's milk if either is unavailable or unsuitable.

In 2023, Sierra achieved the world record for the largest individual breast milk donation by donating 54,092 U.S. fluid ounces (1,599.68 liters) to a human milk bank during the period from February 20, 2015, to June 20, 2018. She has donated more than 350,000 U.S. fluid ounces (10,350 liters) of breast milk to local families and recipients globally since 2014.

Sierra said that she hopes to surpass her current record and hopes that by disseminating her personal narrative, the act of sharing milk will become normalized.


title: Ernst Ranke

abstract: Ernst Constantin Ranke was a German Protestant theologian; since 1850, a professor of church history. He was the brother of historian Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886), theologian Friedrich Heinrich Ranke (1798–1876) and philologist Karl Ferdinand Ranke (1802–1876).

text:
# Ernst Ranke

**Ernst Constantin Ranke** (10 September 1814, Wiehe – 30 July 1888, Marburg an der Lahn) was a German Protestant theologian; since 1850, a professor of church history. He was the brother of historian Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886), theologian Friedrich Heinrich Ranke (1798–1876) and philologist Karl Ferdinand Ranke (1802–1876).

## Biography

He studied theology in Leipzig, Berlin and Bonn, and later became a pastor in the town of Buchau. From 1850 onward, he was a full professor of theology at Marburg University, where he taught classes in church history and New Testament exegesis. In 1865/1866 he served as university rector.

He was a councillor of the Lutheran consistory with great impact to the issues of the Church of Hesse-Cassel. He wrote poems and published translations of the Bible and books of songs.

## Principal works

* Das kirchliche Perikopensystem aus den ältesten Urkunden der Römischen Liturgie (Berlin, 1847).
* Das Buch Tobias, metrisch übersetzt (Bayreuth, 1847); The Book of Tobit, translated metric.
* Kritische Zusammenstellung der... neunen Perikopenkreise (Berlin, 1850).
* Specimen codicis Novi Testamenti Fuldensis (Marburg, 1860).
* Codex Fuldensis : Novum Testamentum Latine interprete Hieronymo (Marburg, 1868).
* Fragmenta versionis sacrarum scripturarum Latinae Antehieronymianae e codice manuscripto (1868).

### Poems

* Gedichte, dem Vaterland gewidme (1848); "Poems, dedicated to the homeland".
* An das deutsche Volk, Ged (1848);
* Carmina academica (Marburg, 1866);
* Lieder aus grossen Zeit (1872);
* Horae Lyricae (Bécs, 1874);
* Die Schlacht im Teutoburger Walde (Marburg, 1876); "The Battle of Teutonburg Forest".
* Rhythmica: Praeit Hugonis Grotii effigies (Bécs, 1881);
* De Laude Nivis (Marburg, 1886).


abstract: The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard: Volume 1 is a short story collection by J. G. Ballard, published in 2006. The collection is the first installment of the J. G. Ballard's complete collection, followed by The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard: Volume 2.

text:
# The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard: Volume 1

***The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard: Volume 1*** is a short story collection by J. G. Ballard, published in 2006.

The collection is the first installment of the J. G. Ballard's complete collection, followed by *The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard: Volume 2*.

## Stories

This first book of the two-part series contains the following stories:

* Park, Ted (October 19, 2009). "BOOK REVIEW: *The Complete Stories of J.G. Ballard*". *Los Angeles Times*.


title: Cleopsylla

abstract: Cleopsylla is a genus name for a group of parasites of the family Stephanocircidae which means "helmet fleas". This genera of parasites can be found in parts of Australia and South America.

text:
# Cleopsylla

***Cleopsylla*** is a genus name for a group of parasites of the family Stephanocircidae which means "helmet fleas". This genera of parasites can be found in parts of Australia and South America.

## Species

* *C. barquezi* López Berrizbeitia, Hastriter, and Díaz, 2016 – described from sigmodontine rodents in northwestern Argentina
* *C. monticola* Smit, 1953
* *C. townsendi* Rothschild, 1914
* *C. vidua* Beaucournu & Gallardo, 1991

## Description

The head has a convex area with combs and spines on it. The thorax of these species of Cleopsylla have different rows of setae.

## Favorable environmental conditions

These parasites do well in moist and humid environments.

## InfoBox

| *Cleopsylla* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Siphonaptera |
| Family: | Stephanocircidae |
| Genus: | *Cleopsylla*<br>Rothschild, 1914 |
|
| Species | |
| * *C. barquezi* * *C. monticola* * *C. townsendi* * *C. vidua* | |