electron affinity. why is Chlorine higher than Fluorine?
968355
Chlorine is further down on the column in the periodic table.  Chlorine has a larger electron cloud than Fluorine.
429534
manesiun and fluorine....magnesium forms a positively charged ion, while fluorine forms a negatively charged ion, different charges attract, so they form ionic bond to each other forming a ionic compound.\n\nnitrogen and sulphur both form negative charged ions, so there is noway to make them react unless in a prescence of a catalyst.\n\nionic compounds generally fom using, metals and nonmetals. magnesium is a metal, and fluorine nitrogen and sulphur are all non metals
748503
s p d f blocks tell which set of orbitals are the last to fill for those elements.\n\n+ or - depending on whether it will lose or gain an e-\n\ncations are smaller than atoms b/c they lose e-\nanions are larger than atoms b/c they gain e-\n\neach successive ionization energy gets higher becasue the #protons is more and more unbalanced by # e-\n\nhalogens have 7 valence e- and noble gases have 8.  by gaining one e- the halogens now have the e- configuration of a noble gas and are more stable.  gain 1 e- = 1- charge
964292
Ignoring the inert gases, the highest electronegativity is at the top right corner (fluorine), and the lowest is at the bottom left (francium)
193729
most of the chemical properties of alkyl halides are related to the polar bond.  this bond strengthens with decreased length.  therefore, as fluorine is the smallest halogen, the carbon-fluorine bond will be the shortest and strongest.  the boiling points of alkyl halides are generally higher than those of the corresponding alkane, and the boiling point rise with with increasing size of the halogen as a result of greater London dispersion forces.\n\ni have studied alkyl halides in respect to their ability to undergo both nucleophilic subsititution and elimination reactions.\n\nhope that helps!
812606
single covalent bond.the electron arrangement of chlorine is 2.8.7\nthe outermost shell lack of one electron to achieve stable electron arrangement.since covalent  bonding involves sharing of electrons,one pairvof electros os shared between two chorine atoms to produce a chlorine molecule.\n\ngood luck!\n\nthe answers are definetily correct .i coppied from chemistry text book from malaysia.
238254
Okay, no one ever said that that electrons change in size.  The electron levels change in size (expand), which causes the ion itself to expand; you better check yourself, My Beautiful Self.  \n\nWhen a chlorine ion is created, it gains an electron.  That means that the outermost energy level, which was once filled with seven electrons, now has eight.  The addition of more negatively charged particles that repel each other forces the energy level to bulge outward, which causes an increase in size.
956449
1.) ClO2, because the O=Cl=O angle is 90deg whereas O=S=O is linear, 180deg\n2.) HCl, because Cl is more electronegative than Br\n3.) SCl2, because the Cl-S-Cl angle is 90deg, whereas Cl-Be-Cl is linear, 180deg\n4.) AsF3, because As sits at the top of a tripod of F atoms, whereas AsF5 is symmetrical.
361166
Look at the electronegativity of both atoms. The electron density is going to be clustered around the more electronegative one. Electronegativity increases as you go up and to the right on the periodic table (noble gases not included), so Fluorine is the most electronegative atom.\n\nSo, the bond between nitrogen and oxygen is polar, but only slightly. The bond between iodine and fluoring is quite polar. The bond between cesium (the least electronegative natural element) and fluorine is so polar, that all the electron density is clustered around the fluorine, making it an ionic bond rather than a covalent bond.
163434
NaCl, the bonding is stronger
884272
a polar bond is one which the shared electron, making the bond, is closer to one atom.  A bond between two identical atoms is non-polar because the atoms have the same electronegativity.\n\nElectronegativity is the affinity for an electron.  Fluorine is the most electronegative element and Francium the least.\n\nHydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.2 and fluorine 3.98, prompting the electrons to be closer to fluorine, consequently making the hydrogen partially positive and fluorine slightly negative.
561048
Some oxide of chlorine. No idea about which one would be stable at those conditions, though.
638651
An electron pair acceptor is a Lewis Acid, while a electron Pair donor is a Lewis Base. Sodium wants to give its electron away because that is the easiest way to make itself electronically more like a noble gas, therefore it is a Lewis base compared to Chlorine. Chlorine wants to accept an electron to make itself more like a noble gas, therefore it is a lewis acid compared to sodium. also see electronegativity, and electron affinity.\n\nhttp://www.abacusscience.com/electronegativity.html\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_acid
610804
Oxygen has the largest electron affinity. Oxygen has a valency of 2- because the outer shell is deficient of 2 electrons, thus it would accept two electrons to become stable - to complete its octet. If the number of electrons on the outer shell is greater than the number required to fill the octet (8 electrons to do so), then there will be greater electronegativity and less electron shielding between the electrons of the outer shell and the electrons on the subsequent shells, thus the electrons are attracted to the nucleus. You will then find it will then need more electrons to fill the octet. Beryllium however, as small as the atom is, has a smaller electron affinity. With 2 electrons on the outer shell, there is repulsion between those and the electrons from the inner shells, thus less attraction between the valence electrons and the nucleus. It will have a tendency to lose the electrons, rather than to keep them and gain 6 more to fill the octet.
843792
Be very careful:\nFirst, look at the electronegativity differences, the presence of groups like OH- or cations (like Na+ of soap)\nThen, you must know molecular geometries, it is highly important:\nFor BF3 this is a  trigonal planar compound, all differences of electronegativity B<F are canceled due to the position of the F atoms (every 120º on the same plane). It is not polar.\n[SnCl3]- this is a trigonal pyramid compound.\nCl\n I\n:Sn-Cl\n I\nCl\nAS you can see, Sn has a lone pair of electrons, making Cl atoms accommodate in the base corners of an imaginary pyramid. Even if Cl cancel each others dipolar momentum on the sides, they all point ↓. This is a polar compound.
90178
electronegativity (ĭlĕk'trōnĕgətĭv'ətē) , in chemistry, tendency for an atom to attract a pair of electrons that it shares with another atom (see chemical bond). For example, the molecule hydrogen chloride, HCl, consists of a hydrogen atom, H, and a chlorine atom, Cl, sharing a pair of electrons. If the pair of electrons are not shared equally, i.e., if they spend more time with one atom than with the other, the favored atom is said to be more electronegative. In the case of HCl, measurements indicate that the molecule has a dipole moment, that is, the chlorine end is relatively negative and the hydrogen end is relatively positive. This means that the electron pair spends more time with the chlorine atom than with the hydrogen atom and thus chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen. Nonmetals have much higher electronegativities than metals; of the nonmetals, fluorine is the most electronegative, followed by oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorine. The larger the difference in electronegativity between two atoms, the more polar the bond between them. In the extreme case of a bond between a metal and a nonmetal, a complete transfer of electrons takes place.\n\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
839242
chlorine is more electronegative. it is in the '2nd column from right in the periodic table' it is a halogen. the halogen group contains chlorine, flourine, bromine, iodine etc. They are the most electronegative elements of all. nitrogen is placed to the left of chlorine & hence is less negative than Cl. With respect to, say carbon, nitrogen is electronegative [as in CN - cynide] while, in compounds like NO/NO2/ N2O4/ NO3 etc. Nitrogen is electropositive [as compared with oxygen].\n\nu can IM me at YahooMessenger [my ID is fizanaqsh] or email me at my email address which is  fizanaqsh@yahoo.co.in  or even chat via Skype where my ID is homewornetguru, in case u got any more difficulties with chemistry/english/math or physics etc.