How does catalase affect the breaking down of hydogen peroxide?
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Catalase is a tetramer of 4 polypeptide chains which are at least 500 amino acids in length. Within this tetramer there are 4 porphyrin heme (iron) groups which are what allows it to react with the hydrogen peroxide.\nThe complete mechanism of catalase is not yet known; however, the reaction occurs in two stages:\n\nH2O2 + Fe(III)-E → H2O + O=Fe(IV)-E \nH2O2 + O=Fe(IV)-E → H2O + Fe(III)-E + O2 \n(Where Fe-E represents the iron centre of the heme group attached to the enzyme.)\n\nAs hydrogen peroxide enters the active site it is forced to interact with the amino acids His74 and Asn174. This causes a proton (hydrogen ion) to transfer from the first oxygen to the second, polarizing and stretching the O-O bond, which breaks heterolytically. The free oxygen atom coordinates with the iron centre of the active site, displacing the newly formed water molecule and forming Fe(IV)=O. In the second stage, the Fe(IV)=O reacts with another hydrogen peroxide to reform Fe(III)-E plus water and oxygen molecules.\n\nCatalase can also oxidize different toxins, such as formaldehyde, formic acid, and alcohols. In doing so, it uses hydrogen peroxide according to the following reaction:\n\nH2O2 + H2R → 2H2O + R\n\nAgain, the exact mechanism of this reaction is not known.
708467
enzymes are strings of amino acids and other consituents and can be broken apart chemically by things like acids or bases or other biological materials.  they can also be broken apart through physical means like high temperature or sonication.\n\ndenaturation generally refers to inactivation of an enzyme through some structural change, but taken to a more extreme level, it also includes breaking them apart
800603
Peroxide. The simplest related neutral compound is hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, H-O-O-H. Take off 2H+, and you have O-O with a (-) on each O.
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You can see how enzymes affect the rates of reaction. You can test how varying concentrations of enzyme and substrates affect how fast reactions occur. For example you can study how Peroxidase breaks down Hydrogen Peroxide into water and oxygen. This happens in cells when they metabolize. Hydrogen Peroxide forms as a by-product when this happens, so Peroxidase comes in and breaks the Peroxide down since it is very toxic to the cell.
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Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizer. In water, it partially splits into the sodium cation Na+ and the hypochlorite anion ClO−, while a substantial portion hydrolyses into sodium hydroxide and hypochlorous acid. The oxidizing power of the latter and of the hypochlorite anion cause the bleaching effect.\nyea you're right infact soduim hypochlorite is callec bleach.despite the fact that there are other bleaching agents.
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Hydrogen peroxide give hydrolysis of complexes, since the hydrogens on water ligands are VERY acidic the ligands become hydroxides and the complex usually ends as a metal oxide. Ammonia acts as a lewis base with the complex accepting the electron density and most likely kicking off some chlorides. HCl just storms the complex with chloride ions. And The metal oxygen bonding is much stronger than the metal chloride bond (mainly due to differences in pi backbonding) so the chlorides shouldnt do much to the original complex. \n\n\nAs for the exact molecular formula of what should happen, try asking god. For the answer that your teacher wants try reading a book.
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Water, of course, is liberated. If hydrolysis is complete, the protein is broken down into free amino acids. If hydrolysis is only partial, then the protein is broken up into fragments. If partial hydrolysis is performed on the folded protein then the lesions often occur at solvent-exposed loops, and particular fragments are the result.
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Leukocyte-Derived Myeloperoxidase Amplifies High-Glucose—Induced Endothelial Dysfunction Through Interaction With High-Glucose—Stimulated, Vascular Non—Leukocyte-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species \nChunxiang Zhang, Jian Yang, and Lisa K. Jennings \nFrom the Vascular Biology Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee \n\nVascular non–leukocyte-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have emerged as important molecules in diabetic endothelial dysfunction. In addition, leukocyte-derived myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been implicated in vascular injury, and its injury response is H2O2 dependent. It is well known that MPO can use leukocyte-derived H2O2; however, it is unknown whether the vascular-bound MPO can use high-glucose–stimulated, vascular non–leukocyte-derived H2O2 to induce diabetic endothelial dysfunction. In the present study, we demonstrated that MPO activity is increased in vessels from diabetic rats. In high-glucose–incubated rat aortas and in carotid arteries from rats with acute hyperglycemia, vascular-bound MPO utilized high-glucose–stimulated H2O2 to amplify the ROS-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation via reduction of nitric oxide bioavailability. Hypochlorous acid (HOCL)-modified LDL, a specific biomarker for the MPO/HOCL/chlorinating species pathway, was detected in LDL- and MPO-bound vessels with high-glucose–stimulated H2O2. The results suggest that vascular-bound MPO could use high-glucose–stimulated H2O2 to amplify high-glucose–induced injury in the vascular wall. MPO/H2O2/HOCL/chlorinating species may represent an important pathway in diabetes complications and a new mechanism in phagocyte- and systemic infection–induced exacerbation of diabetic vascular diseases. \n\nAddress correspondence and reprint requests to Chunxiang Zhang, MD, PhD, Vascular Biology Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 956 Court Ave., Coleman Bldg., H300, Memphis, TN 38163. E-mail: czhang@utmem.edu
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First figure out the chemical reaction,\n\nHydrogen PerOxide deomposes into water and Oxygen gas,\n2H2O2 --> 2H2O + O2\n\nYou now know that there is a 1:1 ratio for each mole of Hdrogen peroxide decomposing to form water.\nFor first figure out how many moles of water .7 grams if from the molar mass of water (18.02 g/mol) and then you know how many moles of H2O2.  The after you know the moles of H2O2 needed, convert to grams using the molar mass of Hydrogen PerOxide (34.02 g/mol).
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In terms of molecular weight, water would be H20 which according to the period table of elements would have a molecular weight of 18 while Hydrogen peroxide or H202 would have a molecular weight of 34.  (molecular weight of hydrogen is one, while that of oxygen is 16).  Thus hydrogen peroxide would be heavier.
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OK. watch this.\nThe FADH and NADH from the Krebs cycle enters the electron transport chain. This is on the cristae on the mitochondria (those Lil protrusions). there, the NADH and FADH separate in to the Hydrogen and electons. The electrons are passed from electron acceptor to electron acceptor. The energy level of each electron acceptor is lower than that of the previous, so the elctrons are losing energy. This energy is used to drive hydrogen ions into the spaces between the mitochondrial membrane. By the process of chemiosmosis, the Hydrogen then passes through a special protein (ATP Synthase) in the membrane back into the cristae. When Hydrogen passes through this protein it stimulates the production of ATP. Simply, the protein which catalyse ATP production is an enzyme, activated by the passage of Hydrogen through it. Get it? [Cambrigde A'Level Whooohoo!lol] \n\nWell it is more than three NADH. The cycle goes around twice per glucose molecule so it is 6 NADH (3 each time), and 2 FADH (1 each time) plus the 4 NADH from the stages before the Krebs cycle. All of these enter the electron transport chain. That is the purpose of the NAD and FAD, to take hydrogen and electrons from the Krebs cycle etc. to the next stage (oxidative phosphorylation). That is partially right. The NADH itself does not enter the membrane. It stays on the surface. It is The HYDROGEN that passes into the membrane.
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And H2O2 is hydrogen peroxide (that stuff you put on cuts and it fizzes)....cuz I can almost see that one coming....and H2O3 is dihydrogen trioxide a powerful oxidant produced by antibodies in reaction to invading bacteria in the body.....
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There is an easy one using enzyme catalysis.  Use hydrogen peroxide solution from the local pharmacy or grocery store.  Put some in a test tube and drop a fresh slice of potato in it.\n\nThe potato has catalase enzyme in it.  This enzyme catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen as such:\n\n2 H2O2  >(Catalase)> 2 H2O + O2\n\nThe activity of the enzyme catalyst can be observed by the bubbles of oxygen gas that form during the reaction.
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Thank you punnet pundit. I was thinking the same thing. \n\nWhen combining Hydrogen and Oxygen one will get water or hydrogen peroxide. Simple enough. But that's not all there is to it. Just mixing the two doesn't cut it. The mixture must first gain enough energy to react. This is called it's Activation Energy. Which is the amount of energy it needs to absorb in order to carry out a chemical reaction. In the case of water the reaction is spontaneous and once started will continue until there is no longer enough reactants to form products. \n\nIn the case of water the reaction is explosive and quite violent. Liquid Oxygen and Liquid Hydrogen are used in space ships, because the reaction is enough to give the rocket a signifigant amount of upward force. The product is steam really because the water is way above 212 degrees F. but if this is condensed onto something below that temperature you get pure water.\n\nHydrogen peroxide slowly over time can break down in light. That's all I really know about it.
521993
Yes, hydrogen peroxide decomposes spontaneously into water and oxygen.  The decomposition is enhanced by exposure to heat, light, and contaminants.  So, over time, that bottle of 2% peroxide in your medicine cabinet will become nothing more than water (not that water is a bad thing).
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Liver contains peroxidases which catalyze the decomposition of peroxide into water and oxygen. (the bubbles)  Boiling denatures the enzymes.  Potatoes do not have the same enzymes.
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The following is an overall (net) reaction:\n\n    H2O2 → H2O + O2\n\nThis reaction is catalysed by the enzyme catalase. For a detailed mechanism have a look at the following link.