what is difference between a thread and process in a computer?
966833
Two threads can share a common address-space(memory area in RAM).\nBut 2 process NEVER share address space. Each process has different address space.
579916
Many things can do this.\n\nYour computer hangs when a program is waiting for something to be processed.  When programming, it is important to make sure that the bits of information that need to be processed are small enough so that the delays are short.\n\nAs far as errors, you will need to ask a specific question about a specific error.
766782
The principal difference is multi-tasking.  Older computers could only run one job at a time.\n\nOn the old mainframes your program had to be written off-line (usually by hand on paper, then punched into a deck of cards), then submitted as part of a "batch job" to the computer operator.  The operator would then mount any tape or disk needed for the job (the data files), load the program into the computer's memory, and run it.  When this was finished they did the same for the next program, and so on.  The program itself did not reside on the computer or any of it's tape or disk drives except while actually running, and no other program or process could run at the same time.\n\nSimilarly the early operating systems for desktop computers could only handle one thing at a time.  They were more interractive because you wrote your programs while sitting at the computer, saved them to disk or tape, and ran them right there for testing ad debug instead of submitting the job and waiting for it to come back an hour or a day later -- maybe without having run at all due to some simple syntax error or such.  But they were still only running one program at a time (the editor, the compiler, and hopefully the resulting executable code).  There were early desktop operating systems that could have several programs LOADED at once into different segments of memory, but only the one in the top window was actually running -- the others were basically "hibernating" until the top-window program ended (or the window was minimized) and then the new "active window" program began or resumed running.\n\nModern operating systems allow many programs to be running simultaneously on one computer, each sharing the resources of the computer with the other applications.  This required the development of means by which the operating system could seize control back from a misbehaving program that was "hogging" all the system resources or caught in a perpetual loop, so that the "blue screen of death" or similar crashes could be avoided.\n\nI don't recall for sure when the first multitasking O/S was developed for mainframes, but I think it was in the 1970's for the early Hewlett-Packard systems like the HP3000.  The first multi-tasking O/S for deskdops that I can recall was the early 1980's Apple Macintosh O/S, but to be honest I didn't use that one much so it might not have been a true multitasking O/S (might just have been a top-window-is-active type).  The earlier Apple computers (Apple I, II, II+, IIc/IIe, etc) were not multitasking nor were any of the PC O/S's up until about Windows 95.  The Commodore Amiga might have had basic multitasking capabilities (it had a lot of advanced features) and I think the Apple IIgs did as well.\n\n- - - - - - - \n\nAnother major way in which operating systems have improved is in "hardware abstraction" -- it used to be that you had to tailor a program to each new computer it was going to be run on, the "operating system" really only handled file I/O and printing.  Modern operating systems make it almost irrelevant what particular computer you are running on -- only the O/S itself has to be tailored to the hardware, from there it handles loading all appropriate device drivers and such so that applications programs don't have to be concerned with HOW to write to the printer or whether or not the drivers were loaded.
32115
Actually it is called a process (without the trailing 'or') ID. All memory-resident programs have a process ID (us in the computer field call it a PID for short). This is mainly due to the fact that PIDs were first notable (not first period, i ma sure others used this beforehand) use of PIDs was in the UNIX Timesharing OS. There are a number of reasons that programs have PIDs, and if you ever tried to debug several instnces of a program running at once, it's a lot easier than going by the program name, esp. if the same name shows up 15 or so times :)
1170680
The Task Manager (arrived at by pressing CTRL, SHIFT, and ESC simultaneously) will give a fine overview of CPU and Memory utilization.  \n\nFor a more complete view of resources including threads, GDI Objects, windows and handles you might check out a program called TaskInfo at http://www.iarsn.com/taskinfo.html\n\nI can't endorse the previous answer of simply ending every process you don't recognize.  Even as an advanced user there are likely to be a great many tasks there that are unrecognizable without help.  It is often helpful to search for the process name (or "Image Name" as it's called in the Task Manager under the processed tab) to find more about each process in question.  \n\nYou might also find more about the task(s) in question here:  http://www.liutilities.com/products/wintaskspro/processlibrary/
391328
In a multi programming environment a processor may handle no. of programs at a time. Each program may have more than one modules running simultaniosly (for eg. u are opening two files in different windows of a notepad) then there will have two process for notepad.exe. Processor handles all the processes in a system in time sharing basis. Process is a program module submitted to the processor for execution.\n\nStepping is the revision/version number of a processor. (for eg. intel p4 2Ghz processor will have many versions/revisions)
584736
Multi programming: Multiprogramming is the technique of running several programs at a time using timesharing.\nIt allows a computer to do several things at the same time. Multiprogramming creates logical parallelism.\nThe concept of multiprogramming is that the operating system keeps several jobs in memory simultaneously. The operating system selects a job from the job pool and starts executing a job, when that job needs to wait for any i/o operations the CPU is switched to another job. So the main idea here is that the CPU is never idle.\nMulti tasking: Multitasking is the logical extension of multiprogramming .The concept of multitasking is quite similar to multiprogramming but difference is that the switching\nbetween jobs occurs so frequently that the users can interact with each program while it is running. This concept is also known as time-sharing systems. A time-shared operating system uses CPU scheduling and multiprogramming to provide each user with a small portion of time-shared system.\nMulti threading: An application typically is implemented as a separate process with several threads of control. In some situations a single application may be required to perform several similar tasks for example a web server accepts client requests for web pages, images, sound, and so forth. A busy web server may have several of clients\nconcurrently accessing it. If the web server ran as a traditional single-threaded process, it would be able to service only one client at a time. The amount of time that a client might have to wait for its request to be serviced could be enormous.\nSo it is efficient to have one process that contains multiple threads to serve the same purpose. This approach would multithread the web-server process, the server would create a separate thread that would listen for client requests when a request was made rather than creating another process it would create another thread to service the\nrequest. So to get the advantages like responsiveness, Resource sharing economy and utilization of multiprocessor architectures multithreading concept can be used
528808
It purely depends upon the programming language u use\n\nThe following is in C#\nThread.CurrentThread.Name = "Main thread";\nClass1 obj = new Class1();\nThread thread = new Thread(\nnew ThreadStart(obj.ThreadStart));\nthread.Name = "Forked thread";\n\nNow in Java\nJava's creators have graciously designed two ways of creating threads: implementing an interface and extending a class. Extending a class is the way Java inherits methods and variables from a parent class. In this case, one can only extend or inherit from a single parent class. This limitation within Java can be overcome by implementing interfaces, which is the most common way to create threads\nthread.Start();\n\nimport java.lang.*;\npublic class Counter extends Thread \n{                      \n        public void run()                       \n        {              \n        ....            \n        }\n}\n\nand\n\nimport java.lang.*;\npublic class Counter implements Runnable\n{\n        Thread T;                        \n        public void run()                       \n        {                              \n        ....            \n        }\n}
1073580
No.  It means you have two processors running at 1.66GHz (if we are talking about the Core Duo T2300 model).  What this translates to is that you have two processors that can run two different threads at the same time.  So, your anti-virus application might be running on one along with all your background processes and your photo editing and video editing software will be running on the other.  Windows will divided the processes among the two processors.  If an application is multithreaded then it is capable of running on both cores at the same time, which in effect makes it faster but there aren't many applications that are, save for Windows itself.
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business process\nAn action taken in the course of conducting business. Whether manual or automated, all processes require input and generate output. Depending on the level of viewing and modeling, a process can be a single task or a complicated procedure such as building a product.\n\nIn a business information system, a business process is the application of a business transaction against a database (transaction vs. master). See business process modeling and information system.
1027159
Batch process is quicker since you run in parallel, whereas continuous process is serial so slower.
409524
A process is generally designed to run based on a set of parameters (temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc.).\n\nA process deviation is a variation of the process from the designed parameters.\n\nNote:  The process deviation could be accidental or intentional (such as a test run to determine effect on the process).
21407
As a technology, HyperThreading behaves much differently than dual-core.  HyperThreading allows a single CPU core to queue two threads simultaneously, but only operate on one at-a-time (non HT processors only queue, and operate on, one thread at-a-time).  This helps reduce latency and improve overall performance.  It also means that the operating system need not support multiple processors to take advantage of the feature (Win98, WinME, WinXP Home).\n\nDual-core places two processor cores (where processing takes place) on a single die (chip).  This is effectively the same as having two separate processors on your motherboard (with higher speed interconnects on the dual-core, but close enough).  The operating system must be able to handle multiple cores (Win2000, WinXP Pro, WinServer families) to take advantage of this configuration.\n\nUltimately either technology only benefits individual applications if the applications running on the machine are written to support multiple threads (running two or more tasks at-a-time).  Users who run multiple applications at once that perform background tasks while other applications are busy will also notice better performance.  If either of these two scenarios fit your applications, then either processor will be of some benefit.\n\nIn most scenarios, the dual-core Athlon will perform better at a lower clock speed.  Since some applications are optimized to run on the P4, there are a few exceptions, however (very few).
140558
CPU cycle time is the amount of time the processer give to different process in intervals,it is basically CPU scheduling , it the cpu cycle time due to which processor is able to decide which process has to give wht amount of time for ex:- you are running WINAMP,Mediaplayer,a word file now the CPU has to process the request made by each of the application for this is waht CPU scheduling is and CPU cycle time implements this, if any mail me at solutionmaster@gmail.com
97271
The CPU does not hold a memory card.  The CPU (central processing unit) is what operates the computer.  It is a separate entity within a computer from the RAM (random access memory) cards and your hard drive, both of which are types of memory.  Consult your owner's manual for where to locate your RAM and hard drive are located, to remove them and upgrade them.
1156976
At the same time click these buttons:\nCtrl+Alt+Delete\nwhen the Task Manager window appears click the tab with the name Processes and find the name of the program. then select it and click End Process. a warning will pop up click yes and that's it.\nBut be careful to not stop the processing of system programs because you will need to restart your computer to return all back to normal
20463
The System Idle Process is not a process, more a counter which is displayed in WinTasks used for measuring how much idle time the CPU is having at any particular time. This counter will display how much CPU Resources, as a percentage are 'idle' and available for use.\n\nThis is a process that cannot be terminated.