What pathogens are involved in hiv?
971056
HIV is different in structure from other retroviruses. It is about 120 nm in diameter (120 billionths of a meter; around 60 times smaller than a red blood cell) and roughly spherical.[36]\n\nIt is composed of two copies of positive single-stranded RNA that codes for the virus's nine genes enclosed by a conical capsid composed of 2,000 copies of the viral protein, p24.[37] The single-stranded RNA is tightly bound to nucleocapsid proteins, p7 and enzymes needed for the development of the virion such as reverse transcriptase, proteases and integrase. A matrix composed of the viral protein p17 surrounds the capsid ensuring the integrity of the virion particle.[37] This is, in turn, surrounded by the viral envelope which is composed of two layers of fatty molecules called phospholipids taken from the membrane of a human cell when a newly formed virus particle buds from the cell. Embedded in the viral envelope are proteins from the host cell and about 70 copies of a complex HIV protein that protrudes through the surface of the virus particle.[37] This protein, known as Env, consists of a cap made of three molecules called glycoprotein (gp) 120, and a stem consisting of three gp41 molecules that anchor the structure into the viral envelope.[38] This glycoprotein complex enables the virus to attach to and fuse with target cells to initiate the infectious cycle.[38] Both these surface proteins, especially gp120, have been considered as targets of future treatments or vaccines against HIV.[39]\n\nOf the nine genes that are encoded within the RNA genome, three of these genes, gag, pol, and env, contain information needed to make the structural proteins for new virus particles.[37] env, for example, codes for a protein called gp160 that is broken down by a viral enzyme to form gp120 and gp41. The six remaining genes, tat, rev, nef, vif, vpr, and vpu (or vpx in the case of HIV-2), are regulatory genes for proteins that control the ability of HIV to infect cells, produce new copies of virus (replicate), or cause disease.[37] The protein encoded by nef, for instance, appears necessary for the virus to replicate efficiently, and the vpu-encoded protein influences the release of new virus particles from infected cells.[37] The ends of each strand of HIV RNA contain an RNA sequence called the long terminal repeat (LTR). Regions in the LTR act as switches to control production of new viruses and can be triggered by proteins from either HIV or the host cell.[37]
1074089
There is a feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). It causes an infectious disease in domestic cats and cheetahs similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV infection) in humans.\nhttp://animalhealthchannel.com/fiv/
598202
Acquired (or acute) Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome.\n\nIt had other names in the past, most people are unaware of that and think of it as a sudden plague but it's been around for a very long time. \nOccasionally an aggressive strain of the HIV virus can cause it to be very deadly but HIV is not the only cause of a deficient immune system.
61649
There is no association between the HIV, Hep B and MS. There is speculation that a virus causes MS but no virus has been found.\nThe person who wrote the previous answer is correct, but I am sure your doctor considered Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy (PML) which can be seen in patients with AIDS. PML is another demylinating disease like MS and is caused by a virus but it is not the Hep B or HIV. It is caused by the JC or BK virus. Also you said you had HIV not AIDS so this is not very likely as PML is only seen in those with a damaged immune system.\nAlso some other infections can cause damage to the brain in AIDS patients, as the previous answerer stated, but none would show up an an MRI the way MS would. To be truely diagnostic MS lesions must appear over a period of time, but there are patterns on MRIs that are suggestive of MS and I am sure you doctor or at least the radiologist would know this.
185791
In 1981, homosexual men with symptoms of a disease that now are considered typical of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were first described in Los Angeles and New York. The men had an unusual type of lung infection (pneumonia) called Pneumocystis carinii (now known as Pneumocystis jiroveci) pneumonia (PCP) and rare skin tumors called Kaposi's sarcoma. The patients were noted to have severe depression of a type of cell in the blood that is an important part of the immune system, called CD4 cells. These cells, often referred to as T cells, help the body fight infections. Shortly thereafter, this disease was recognized throughout the United States, Western Europe, and Africa. In 1983, researchers in the United States and France described the virus that causes AIDS, now known as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and belonging to the group of viruses called retroviruses. In 1985, a blood test became available that measures antibodies to HIV that are the body's immune response to the HIV. This blood test remains the best method for diagnosing HIV infection. Recently, tests have become available to look for these same antibodies in the saliva and urine, and some can provide results within 20 minutes of testing.
440145
human immunodeficiency virus
806680
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS or Aids) is a collection of symptoms and infections in humans resulting from the specific damage to the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).[1] The late stage of the condition leaves individuals prone to opportunistic infections and tumors. Although treatments for AIDS and HIV exist to slow the virus's progression, there is no known cure. HIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk.[2][3] This transmission can come in the form of anal, vaginal or oral sex, blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other exposure to one of the above bodily fluids.\n\nMost researchers believe that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa during the twentieth century;[4] it is now a pandemic, with an estimated 38.6 million people now living with the disease worldwide.[5] As of January 2006, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on June 5, 1981, making it one of the most destructive epidemics in recorded history. In 2005 alone, AIDS claimed an estimated 2.4–3.3 million lives, of which more than 570,000 were children.[5] A third of these deaths are occurring in sub-Saharan Africa, retarding economic growth and destroying human capital. Antiretroviral treatment reduces both the mortality and the morbidity of HIV infection, but routine access to antiretroviral medication is not available in all countries.[6] HIV/AIDS stigma is more severe than that associated with other life-threatening conditions and extends beyond the disease itself to providers and even volunteers involved with the care of people living with HIV.\n\nTAKE CARE AND GOOD LUCK !
6803
hiv is the virus. aids is the disease that stems from the virus.hiv is a virus that kills your immune system slowly.
612485
No. I'm not sure where you're making the connection with that, but you get intestinal parasites from eating infected foods. You get HIV by coming into contact with the body fluids of an infected person.
919659
AIDS is the disease caused by the HIV virus.\n\nYou can get infected with HIV if the virus passes into your body from someone else who is already infected.\n\nThere are two main ways this can happen:\n\n1. Through having unprotected (no condom) vaginal or anal sex with someone who has HIV. Oral sex carries a small risk of transmission. There has never been a reported case of transmission through kissing (even deep kissing).\n\n2. Through someone else's infected blood getting directly into your bloodstream, for example through sharing drug or tattoo needles or injecting equipment, or piercing with unsterile equipment. In the first half of the 1980s a number of people were infected from contaminated blood transfusions, but this is very rare now because blood donations are screened. Sometimes HIV is passed from an infected mother to her foetus either in the womb or during birth.\n\nYou CANNOT get HIV through normal non sexual contact, or from sharing eating utensils or from mosquitoes.
1168409
HIV is a retrovirus that attacks Helper-T-cells and macrophages.  Its viral RNA is reverse-transcribed and incorporated into these cells' DNA.\n\nMost cells, when invaded by viruses, place viral proteins on their surface combined with major histocompatibility complex proteins that show immune-system cells (generally cytotoxic T's, if memory serves) that they are infected and should be destroyed.  HIV-infected cells, however, do not do this.  The HIV virus prevents it from happening, but I cannot remember how.\n\nUpon initial infection, the virus replicates significantly and causes the well-known flu-like symptoms, but your immune system is able to fight it and keep it under control and restore you to health while the virus enters a dormant or "latent" state.\n\nFor some reason (which either I do not know or modern science does not know) the virus becomes active and begins replicating.  But it does so in a truly remarkable way.  Remember, the DNA of infected Helper-T's and macrophages contains HIV DNA.  This viral DNA is incorporated into an area of the cell's DNA that is activated and transcribed whenever the cell is called upon to perform its function as an immune cell.  Basically, HIV not only attacks the immune system, activation of the immune system causes more production of HIV virus.  This explains why IV drug users who share needles progress to AIDS (helper-T count below 200)  much more quickly.....their immune systems are exposed to so many different pathogens that the HIV virus is replicated at a much higher rate.\n\n...at least, this is what I recall way back from immunology in dental school.
1119670
HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) attacks the body's immune system. When it does, HIV weakens the body's ability to fight off infection. If left untreated, HIV will eventually weaken the immune system so much that the person will become sick from certain types of infections. When the person gets these infections, he or she is said to have AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). For some, it takes a long time to develop these infections and therefore AIDS. For others it takes less time. Not everyone with HIV has AIDS and AIDS is not the same as HIV.
19140
Aids, hepatitis, and pretty much any other blood-borne pathogen. They can all be transmitted by blood contact.
755868
If you mean diseases related to the HIV virus, Kaposi's sarcoma is one very common one that manifests as sores on the skin, the other common one is pneumocystis pneumonia.
487721
I would have to say that HIV was the majoor concern and Hepatitis, a virus, is a a major also but secondary concern.
794465
DEAR HUMAN\nONLY ONE KIND MONKEY(GOLDEN)HAVE THIS VIRUS\nIF YOU LIVIG NEAR ZOO MAY  BE SAND FLY BIT MONKEY AND LATE BIT YOU MAY BE YOU INFFECTED .IF YOU HAVE MONKY AND PLAY WITH MONKEY (OR INTERCORSE)WITH YOUR MONKEY \nMAY BE YOU GEAT AIDS, A SPOT BLOOD INFECTET BY HIV VIRUS CAN LIVIG 10 DAY ON ANY SURFACE (WALL. GROUND.PEN) ANATHER ANIMAL ARE SAEFE .       REZA
261794
http://hiv-web.lanl.gov/content/hiv-db/COMPENDIUM/1994/PART-III/HIVsubtypes94.pdf#search='HIV%20subtypes'\n\nhttp://www.avert.org/hivtypes.htm\n\nThese two sites have some pretty good stuff.