Biology question: Endopeptidases and Digestive Enzymes???
969413
Chymotrypsinogen is one of the inactive enzymes in pancreatic juice, activated by trypsin and it is activated in the duodenum , I guess.. Pepsinogen is a zymogen(inactive enzyme)  which is obtained from peptic or chief cells, activated by Hcl in the stomach to form pepsin.\nTrypsinogen is one of the major enzymes in the pancreatic juice and is activated by an intestinal enzyme called enterokinase, and is activated in duodenum.\ncarboxy peptidase is also a componenet of pancreatic juice which acts on protiens, peptones and proteoses along with trypsin to form dipeptides. lactase converts lactose to glucose and galactose in the small intestine. Maltase converts maltose to two molecules of glucose. Aminopeptidase releases amino acid by acting on the terminal peptide bonds. Chymotrypsin breaks protiens and proteoses to peptides.Amylase converts polysaccharides like starch to disaccharides. Trypsin converts protiens and peptones to peptides. It also converts chymotrypsinogen to chymotrypsin and procarboxypeptidase to carboxy peptidase.\n\nThis is all I know abt the questions u asked cuz even I am studyin the same stuff now.... Hope its wat u are lookin for..except for sucrase.??
1105239
Lactase is the enzyme in the small intestine that digests lactose (the naturally occurring sugar in milk). A few children and many people after childhood do not produce sufficient lactase, which impairs the body’s ability to digest milk.\nMore Info\nhttp://www.eastherb.com/Enzyme_c526/Enzyme
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There are so many different enzymes in your body. They are mostly for digesting food. Like in saliva, you have amalayse which starts the breakdown of food. You can get more info at webmd.com.
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Hi there !\nWhat do you mean by the question ? \nYou expect somebody to describe the "entire digestion" and the "metabolism mechanism" of the Human body in this column ?\nBetter verify the "Book of Physiology by Guyton" or "Chatterjee"..they have given beautiful descriptions ! \nbest wishes !
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Yes it does because firstly the process of digestion involves enzymic activities which work best under certain conditions that is others in acidic medium and others in basic medeium and also at a constant body temperature that's why you should know that at high temperatures enzymes are usually denatured while at low temperatures enzymes are usually not active but at a constant temperature enzymes work well. So that proves that human temperature affect digestion and to avoid temperature problems there is something called homoestasis that controlls body temperature.
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figure out the efgfect of the enzyme. Or you can test DNA structure. Inhibitary enzymes have a blacked actionsite whereas activation enzymes have activation sites open to substrates
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Hint: endoderm forms most of the digestive system, as well as other important organs\nEctoderm forms the tegument and the nervous system.\nWhat do you have that's between them?
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Digestive System Organs\n\nEsophagus- A simple conduit between the mouth & stomach.\nStomach- Where the enzymatic digestion of proteins initiated and foods are reducted to liquid form.\nLiver- It's major role is to provide bile salts to the small intestine, which are critical for digestion & absorption of fats.\nPancreas- Important roles as both and endocrine & exocrine organ- provides a potent mixture of digestive ezymes to the small intestine which are critical for digestion of fats, carbs and protein.\nSmall Intestine- Where the final stages of chemical enzymatic digestion occur & where almost all nutrients are absorbed.\nLarge Intestine- Major differences among species in extent & importance - in all animals water is absorbed, bacterial fermentation takes place and feces are formed. In carnivores, that's about the extent of it, but in herbivores; like the horse, the large intestine is huge and of critical importance for utilization of cellulose.\n\nEXCRETORY ORGANS\n\nLUNGS- Diffuses carbon dioxide from the blood, into the lung tissue, and then leaves the body everytime we exhale.\nLIVER- The largest internal organ in our bodies. Its numerous functions make it part of the circulatory, digestive, and excretory systems. Some proteins & other nitrogenous compounds are broken down in the liver by a process called deamination. The liver produces bile, which is temporarily stored in the gall bladder before being released into the small intestine where it helps break down lipid molecules. The liver removes & breaks down old red blood cells. It is also responsible for maintaining normal levels of glucose in the blood. The liver is ALSO responsible for removing potentially hazardous chemicals from the blood. It "detoxifies" the blood.\nSKIN- Sweat comes out of pores in your skin. Sweat is a mixture of 3 metabolic wastes: water, salts, & urea. So as you sweat, your body accomplishes 2 things: sweating has a cooling effect on the body, and metabolic wastes are excreted.\nKIDNEYS- they filter the blood. The kidneys help filter the blood.\n\nRESPIRATORY \n\nNose & Nasal Cavity- airway, moistens & warms air, filters air, resonating chamber for speech, houses smell receptors.\n\nPharynx (throat)- connects nasal cavity to oral cavity & larynx & esophagus. Is a common path for air and food.\n\nLarynx (voice box)- Provides an open airway. Routes food to the esophagus & air to trachea.\n\nTrachea (windpipe)- Descends from larynx & divides into the 2 primary bronchi. Is mobile; stretches, recoils, moves side to side. \n\nLungs- are the collective arrangement of the respiratory zone.
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Do you just swallow your food? U yourself smash your food. Then the enzymes in our body'll digest it after separating the nutrients as Carbohydrates,fats etc.\n\nFor the purpose of separation & digestion food has to be broken down.
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emm...is this your homework??well..it seems that the question is not from you (individually). Hmm..for more understanding, check out this website:\n\nhttp://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Biochemistry/biochemi.htm\n\nI hope it solves your dillema, good luck :)
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The exact same way it does a carrot, cookie, cheese... and everything else you eat.\n\n\n\nIn humans, digestion begins in the mouth where food is chewed with the teeth. The process stimulates exocrine glands in the mouth to release digestive enzymes such as salivary amylase, which aid in the breakdown of food, particularly carbohydrates. Chewing also causes the release of saliva, which helps condense food into a bolus that can be easily passed through the esophagus. The esophagus is about 20 centimeters long. The food is pushed down by a movement called peristalsis, which is the wave-like contraction of smooth muscle tissue characteristic of the Digestive system.\n\nThe food then goes to the stomach when it passes through the cardiac sphincter. In the stomach, food is churned and thoroughly mixed with hydrochloric acid and other digestive enzymes with digestive fluid to further decompose it chemically for a few hours. As the acidic level changes in the stomach and later parts of the digestive tract, more enzymes are activated or deactivated to extract and process various nutrients.\n\nAfter being processed in the stomach, food is passed to the small intestine via peristalsis. It passes through the pyloric sphincter and enters the first 10 inches of the small intestine, the duodenum, where it is further mixed with 3 different liquids, which are bile (which helps aid in fat digestion), pancreatic juice (made by the pancreas), and intestinal juice. They also add several enzymes: maltase, lactase and sucrase, to process sugars. (Bile also contains pigments that are by-products of red blood cell destruction in the liver; these bile pigments are eliminated from the body with the feces.) Most nutrient absorption takes place in the small intestine. The nutrients goes through the small intestine's wall (small, finger-like structure, that is called villi). The blood, which has absorbed nutrients, is carried away from the small intestine via the hepatic portal vein and goes to the liver for filtering, removal of toxins and help processing of nutrients.\n\nAfter going through the small intestine, the food then goes to the large intestine. The large intestine has 3 parts: the cecum (or pouch that forms the T-junction with the small intestine), the colon, and the rectum. In the large intestine, water is reabsorbed, and the foods that cannot go thorugh the villi such as fiber, can be stored in large intestine. Fiber helps to keep the food moving through the G.I. tract. The food that cannot be broken down is called feces. Feces is stored in the rectum until it is expelled through the anus
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Here's a website on the process of digestion, in very simplistic terms.\n\nhttp://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/yrdd/\n\nNot sure how detailed you need chemical reactions, but:\n\nCarbs: begin in the mouth (but mainly in small intestine), salivary amylase hydrolyzes starch into maltose. The gastric juices in the stomach inactivates the amylase (pH too acidic), and starch completes in the small intestine via pancreate amylase. Maltose is a dissacharide which breaks down into monosaccharides (glucose) via intestinal enzymes (maltase and lactase).\n\nFats: occurs in small intestines via lipases (secreted by the pancreas). First, they need to be emulsified (increase surface area) via bile from the liver (has bile salts). Lipases then convert lipids into fatty acids and monoglycerides which are absorbed into the blood in the small intestine.\n\nProteins: starts in the stomach and completes in small intestine. Stomach has proteolytic enzymes (pepsins) which breaks proteins down to smaller peptides, which are broken down into amino acids via pancreatic enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidases) into dipeptides and amino acids.
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As we age, we produce fewer of the digestive enzymes that are manufactured by the body.  And, if our diet does not include food sources that supply digestive enzymes, like pineapple and papaya, then there are less enzymes to break down the proteins contained in our diet, like milk. \n\nSo, the answer to your question is yes.  The onset of digestive intollerance can seemingly occur overnight. In fact, it isn't overnight, but rather a process.\n\nSupplementing your diet with digestive enzymes can boost your ability to more completely digest milk products.
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Proteins, including enzymes.
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Papain enzyme from papayas and bromolein enzyme from pineapple.
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More info is necessary.\nHow were the enzymes prepared and purified?\nWhat's your exact experiment?\nDo you see an increase in enzyme activity when you put both Ca and EDTA at the same time and if so at which molar ratio of the two effectors?\nDo you also see activation for each effector separately? How does it compare quantitatively to the effect of the combination of the effectors?\n\nMy wild guess would be that Ca+2 is an allosteric activator, EDTA removes another metal that was co-purified with the enzyme and the latter metal is an inhibitor. If  both have a positive effect on their own and an even higher when combined then it could be the case.\nAnother more extreme case is that EDTA removes the catalytic ion (if it can form a more stable complex than with Ca) and Ca takes its place. Then EDTA alone should kill the reaction while in combination with Ca have a positive effect. However this is a quite improbable scenario since enzymes usually have evolved for best performance and thus the enzyme would be expected to have the very common Ca+2 in the catalytic center to begin with, if Ca+2 aids the reaction more.
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enzymes are protein.a change in ph results in a change in ions concentration.this changes the shape of the active site of enzyme.so the enzyme stops functioning