Can someone explain metabolic acidosis?
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medicine, metabolic acidosis is a state in which the blood pH is low (under 7.35) due to increased production of H+ by the body or the inability of the body to form bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the kidney. Its causes are diverse, and its consequences can be serious, including coma and death. Together with respiratory acidosis, it is one of the two general types of acidosis.
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Hi there,\nBelow I have included an excerpt from my new book The Gracious Diet. This excerpt will give you a brief summarry on the metabolism.\nLet’s talk about metabolism. What is all this media hype about the metabolism? Why is it worthy of grabbing front page headlines in every fitness magazine? \nThe term metabolism, derived from the Greek language, simply means change or transformation. Our metabolism is what turns foods into energy. The higher the metabolic rate, the higher the caloric output. It is a necessary function that allows our bodies to use food and other resources to maintain the working parts, repair damage, heal injury and rid the body of toxins. In other words, metabolism is a necessary process, without which living organisms would die.\nMetabolism aids in digestive function as well as absorption of nutrients. It is most affected by nutrition, hydration and physical activity. Each of these items is an imperative aspect of optimum metabolic health. When any one of these is lacking, the metabolic rate decreases. Consequently, weight loss and weight maintenance are directly related to healthy metabolism.\nWhen does our metabolism work? Well the truth is it’s always working, even when you are sleeping. A well designed fitness program will elevate the metabolic rate. Below are nine closely guarded steps to increasing your metabolic rate.\n1. Eat protein at every meal, including breakfast.\n2. Eliminate wheat- and flour-based products for the time being. And yes, that definitely includes bread and pasta. \n3. Eat unprocessed foods. Ninety percent of what you eat should be a combination of (in this order of importance) raw vegetables, steamed vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and a few fruits. \n4. Reduce starch to one portion a day, and don't eat that portion during your evening meal. Best choices of starches are beans, sweet potatoes, and oatmeal. \n 5. Reduce or eliminate dairy for the time being, especially cow's milk. Exceptions: reasonable amounts of low sugar, fat free yogurt. \n6. Lose the booze. Despite what the "studies" say, you lose no health benefits by giving up alcohol (including wine). There is nothing essential in alcohol that you can't get in fruits and vegetables without all the bad side effects that go along with it. \n7. Stop using vegetable oils such as sunflower, safflower and corn. The supermarket kind is highly refined, and it oxidizes easily when heated, contributing to arterial plaque. Use olive oil instead, and apply it to food after the food is cooked when possible. \n8. Watch which types of fat you're eating. The amount of fat you eat is probably less important than the kind of fat you eat. The worst are fried foods, margarine and foods that contain hydrogenised or partially hydrogenised oils. The best is omega-3, found in fish and flaxseed oil. \n9. Obsessively drink water: At least 8 ounces for every 20 pounds of bodyweight you're now carrying around, each day. Everyday. No excuses.
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It causes metabolic acidosis, so if someone with metabolic alkalosis takes it, you can say that it is helpful.
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If you don't have the little water needed for that, you're a dehydrated corpse.\n\nCondolences.\n\nEdit: to the next guy, the net reaction is\nAcetyl-CoA + 3 NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 3 H2O →\n\nCoA-SH + 3 NADH + H+ + FADH2 + GTP + 2 CO2 + 3 H+\n\nmeaning that water is, indeed, consumed; but the consumed amount of water is still far, far, far less than the amount required to solvate the whole system and suspend the enzymes. etc.
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abnormally high alkalinity (low hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues
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hope this helps!\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krebs_cycle\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis
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b) is the answer...\n\nAlkalosis is when the pH buffer present in the blood (the carbonic acid-bicarbonate ion buffer system) fails to prevent the pH from going up.   There are two types of alkalosis: respiratory and metabolic.\n\nRespiratory alkalosis occurs when hyperventilation results in decreased blood concentration of CO2: since CO2 is the basis of the buffer system, its decrease will also result in the decrease of carbonic acid and bicarbonate concentrations.\n\nMetabolic alkalosis results from altered metabolism (vomiting, diarrhea...)\n\nFor more info...\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalosis
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* The process begins with the oxidation of pyruvate, producing one CO2, and one acetyl-CoA.\n    * Acetyl-CoA reacts with the four carbon carboxylic acid, oxaloacetate--to form the six carbon carboxylic acid, citrate.\n    * Through a series of reactions citrate is converted back to oxaloacetate. This cycle produces 2 CO2 and consumes 3 NAD+, producing 3NADH and 3H+.\n    * It consumes 3 H2O and consumes one FAD, producing one FADH+.\n    * 1st turn end= 1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2\n    * Since there are two molecules of Pyruvic acid to deal with, the cycle turns once more.\n    * The complete end result= 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2
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you defintly have something going on with your metabolic workup. your HCO3 is very low giving you a compensated metabolic acidosis. Meaning that your paco2 is low compensating for your hco3 being low. co2 is acidic and the hco3 is a base normal values for pco2 is 35-45 and hco3 is 20-28. your body will try to compensate by increasing each of those numbers to get a normal ph in the body. with a hco3 like that you probably have been short of breath??? thats how your body gets the pco2 to decrease (hyperventilate) heavy breathing will give you a increased po2
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breathing, urea, ion content, temperature, water, sugar content (sorry , don't know the scientific terms)
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ketoacidosis , which is high levels of ketones in the blood. The main causes of ketoacidosis are uncontrolled diabetes,starvation,and alcoholism. When there is not enough insulin to move glucose into cells. The body then looks for other forms of energy and uses fat as a fuel source. As fats are broken down, acids called ketones build up in the blood and urine. In high levels, ketones are poisonous to body tissue.\n\nThe diagnosis is often made in an urgent care center of an emergency department. A patient suspected of having ketoacidosis may have already had a urine test showing ketones in the urine, or a blood test showing low levels of bicarbonate, indicating acid in the blood.
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Buffers are chemicals that make a solution capable of absorbing large amounts of acid or base without experiencing any change in pH. You can doubtless pull  better definitions out of any of the numerous online dictionaries.\n\nBuffers are important to biological systems because they enable the organism to maintain homeostasis (you have to include that word in your answer) with little physiological cost. \n\nBy enabling cells or systems to absorb chemical changes without experiencing pH changes buffers make it possible for organisms to survive in variable environments without wasting vast amounts of energy trying to monitor and adapt to every minor change in physical conditions. They similarly allow organism to engage in activity that will cause the addition of large quantities of acids and bases without  risking death or wasting resources trying to deal with it. Most notably they allow organisms to tolerate the acid build up associated with respiration as well as allowing the consumption of acid or alkaline foodstuffs.\n\nTack on a brief description of the carbonate buffer system in the mammalian blood and you’re good to go.
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First you must know the following equation, which explains how the body \nbuffers the blood and removes carbon dioxide from tissues:\n\nHCO3- + H <-> H2CO3 <-> CO2 + H2O\n\nTheroretically, they are all in equilibrium. When you are hyperventilating, you are releasing an EXCESS of CO2. That means that in order to maintain equilibrium, you must make more CO2 (since you are getting rid of so much at one time). Therefore, you are using up hydrogen ions and producing CO2; this makes your blood alkaline (higher pH) because there are less protons (hydrogen ions). \n\nThis condition is known as respiratory alkalosis, because you are literally causing your blood to become alkaline from hyperventilating.
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"Ketosis, which is one of the body's processes for the metabolism of body fat, should not be confused with ketoacidosis (severe ketosis which causes the blood to become acidic), a medical condition induced by diabetes, that is usually accompanied by dehydration, hyperglycemia, and insulin deficiency. Since insulin is required to utilize glucose, lack of insulin causes an energy crisis and the body goes to extremes to produce more glucose and also provide ketones for energy. Glucose accumulates to the point that the kidney must use water to spill it into the urine, losing that water and causing dehydration in the process. The dehydration exacerbates the acidosis in a vicious cycle. Alcoholic ketoacidosis is also an energy crisis but of different origin. Because alcohol causes dehydration and blocks the first step of gluconeogenesis, the body is unable to synthesize enough glucose to meet its needs, thus the energy crisis begins.\n\nThe breath of people in a ketagenic state commonly contains acetone, detectable as a sweet smell that may be mistaken for ethyl alcohol.\n\nDeliberately induced ketosis through a low-carbohydrate diet has been used to treat medical conditions. The ketogenic diet is an approach to treating epilepsy, and the Atkins Nutritional Approach is marketed for treating obesity."
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Hi there !\nWhat do you mean by the question ? \nYou expect somebody to describe the "entire digestion" and the "metabolism mechanism" of the Human body in this column ?\nBetter verify the "Book of Physiology by Guyton" or "Chatterjee"..they have given beautiful descriptions ! \nbest wishes !
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Buffering, in chemical terms, is a weak acid and its cooresponding salt or a weak base and its cooresponding salt.  The idea is that the weak acid will go to an equilibrium like the following example.  Suppose that I have a weak acid HA and the salt with the anion A-.  The acid will go into equilibrium:\nHA <---> H+ + A-\nWhat will happen is that if you add H+ ions to the buffer solution (acids will add H+ ions), they will be consumed into the reaction to become more HA.  If you add a base (adding OH- ions), it will react away H+ to form water and force more A- to form.  Either way, this buffer system will resist a change in pH.  That's what buffers do. \nBuffers are essential in our body because even though we consume all of these orange juices and sodas, which are both acidic, our body needs to maintain a very precise slightly basic pH, or else we could die.  This is done with CO2 in solution in our bodies.
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&^&^&^\nCellular respiration is the process of oxidizing food molecules, like glucose, to carbon dioxide and water. The energy released is trapped in the form of ATP for use by all the energy-consuming activities of the cell.\n\nThe process occurs in two phases: \n1. glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid \n2. the complete oxidation of pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide and water (Krebs citric acid cycle)