What three factors determine the magnitude and direction of the Coriolis effect?
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In the earth:\nthe distance between the object and the poles (or equator)\nwhat hemisphere? The rotation changes (clockwise => N / opposite in the North)
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Depends on your point of view. If you're hovering above the North pole, the earth rotates counter-clockwise. If you're hovering above the South pole, it rotates clockwise.
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Newton didn't derive it mathematically at first. He hypothesized it. That said, it is possible to derive it from Kepler's laws *if* you assume Newtonian physics in the form of F=ma. It turns out that Kepler's third law (about areas) shows that the force is a central one (pointed in the direction of the sun). That planets move in ellipses then restricts the possibilities to the inverse square law or the harmonic oscillator law. The fact that the sun is at a focus gives the inverse square law.
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The Coriolis effect isn't really "made" by anything.  The Coriolis effect is due to the rotation of the Earth.  In the Northern Hemisphere the winds are deflected to the right and in the Southern Hemisphere winds are blown to the left.  An example that will help you picture why this happens is by using a merry go round.  Sitting on a merry go round have somebody sit directly in front of you on the other side.  Now spin the merry go round and try throwing a ball to the person on the other side.   The ball doesn't go to the person you were trying to throw to because the merry go round (the Earth) is spinning.  So the ball you throw goes in a straight line but since the merry go round is spinning, the ball will not go to the person you were trying to throw too.
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The direction of draining water is no different in either of Earth's hemispheres. This is a perpetual myth that has no basis in scientific fact. This website provides a good discussion about the whole thing, plus lots of information about the Coriolis Effect itself --\nhttp://www.ems.psu.edu/~fraser/Bad/BadCoriolis.html
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clockwise in the northern hemisphere, anticlockwise in the southern. this according to the coriolis force, but of course there otehr factors that might influence the direction of the water (geometry of the sink, external vibrations, you turning your finger in water....)
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The answer is that water can go clockwise or counter-clockwise in either hemisphere. It's a myth that it only goes in one direction in either hemisphere.\n\n    Does water go down the drain counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere?\n\n\n    It all depends upon how the water was introduced and the geometric structure of the drain.\n\nOne can find both counterclockwise and clockwise flowing drains in both hemispheres. Some people would like you to believe that the Coriolis force affects the flow of water down the drain in sinks, bathtubs, or toilet bowls. Don’t believe them! The Coriolis force is simply too weak to affect such small bodies of water.\n\nIn his work “Sur les equations du movements relative des systems des corps” (1835) the French engineer Gaspard Gustav de Coriolis (1792-1843) first described this force. The Coriolis force is caused by the earth’s rotation. It responsible for air being pulled to the right (counterclockwise) in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left (clockwise) in the Southern Hemisphere. \n\nThe Coriolis Effect is the observed curved path of moving objects relative to the surface of the Earth. Hurricanes are good examples. They curve to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. What makes the hurricanes move in this way is the Coriolis force. \n\nWhat happens at the equator? The Coriolis force is too weak to operate on the moving air at the equator. This means that weather phenomena such as hurricanes are not observed at the equator, although they have been observed at 5 degrees above the equator. In fact, the Coriolis force pulls hurricanes away from the equator.\n\nFor a more detailed explanation of the Coriolis Force see Science World, http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/CoriolisForce.html \n\nRelated Web Sites \n"Getting around the Coriolis effect" - This paper provides a scientific explanation of the Coriolis effect complete with diagrams and examples. It was written by David J. Van Domelen, of the Ohio State University Department of Physics, Physics Education Research Group. \n\nDanish Wind Industry Association - The Coriolis Force\nThis Web site provides animated models of how the Coriolis Force works. \n\nBad Coriolis - The author of this Web site sets the record straight about the Coriolis Force. Presented are numerous cases where incorrect information was provided by reliable sources. Also included are Frequently Asked Questions. \nCoriolis Force - Included in this Web site, from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, is an explanation of the Coriolis Force and a video demonstrating the Force.\n\nFrom the website "Bad Coriolis":\n\nThe direction of rotation of a draining sink is determined by the way it was filled, or by vortices introduced while washing. The magnitude of these rotations may be small, but they are nevertheless gargantuan by comparison to the rotation of the Earth. I decided to include a picture of a draining sink, and the first one I tried in my house was found to drain clockwise (the opposite of what the silly assertions would have it do here in the northern hemisphere). This direction was determined entirely by the way the tap filled the sink. The direction of rotation of a draining toilet is determined by the way the water just under the rim is squirted into the bowl when it is flushed.\n\n\n\n Is it possible to detect the Earth’s rotation in a draining sink?\n\nYes, but it is very difficult. Because the Coriolis force is so small, one must go to extraordinary lengths to detect it. But, it has been done. You cannot use an ordinary sink for it lacks the requisite circular symmetry: its oval shape and off-center drain render any results suspect. Those who have succeeded used a smooth pan of about one meter in diameter with a very small hole in the center. A stopper (which could be removed from below so as to not introduce any spurious motion
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direction\naverage speed\nconstant
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The angular momentum of a particle of mass m with respect to a chosen origin is given by L = mvr sin θ or more formally by the vector product L = r x p The direction is given by the right hand rule which would give L the direction out of the diagram. For an orbit, angular momentum is conserved, and this leads to one of Kepler's laws. For a circular orbit, L becomes L = mvr.
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the question really should be, 'which direction is the earth spinning if you look at it from (insert place here)?'\n\nit all depends on your frame of reference. and your direction of reference. and your size of reference.
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While the question/answer below is about weather, the information is the same for just wind.\n\nQ: Why does most of our weather come from the west if the Earth is rotating the opposite way?\n\nA: When looking down at the North Pole, the Earth spins counterclockwise around its axis. A point on the equator travels at about 1,100 mph, while a point directly at the poles does not move at all. An apparent force called the Coriolis force results from this difference in speeds, deflecting objects to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. The Coriolis force, combined with solar heating patterns across the Earth, create distinctive wind patterns that drive weather systems.\n\nOne prevailing surface wind pattern that results is located in the mid-latitudes, between 30 and 60° North. Solar heating alone, without the Earth's rotation, would produce prevailing southerly winds. The Coriolis force, however, deflects these winds to the right, creating prevailing winds out of the west and southwest (the westerlies). \n\nSolar heating patterns in the tropics, from the equator to about 30° North, combined with the Coriolis force, produce weak prevailing winds out of the east (the easterlies). Southern regions of the USA, including Florida, are affected by the westerlies at times and the easterlies at others."\n\nHope this helps explain it. Check the first link for other weather questions and second link to see a full explanation of the consequences of rotation on weather. \n\nSource(s):\nhttp://www.usatoday.com/weather/resource...\nhttp://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/...
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The Coriolis effect is an apparent deflection of a moving object in a rotating frame of reference.\n\nThe Coriolis effect caused by the rotation of the Earth is responsible for the precession of a Foucault pendulum and for the direction of rotation of cyclones. Due to the effect, cyclones rotate counterclockwise in the Northern hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern hemisphere. However, contrary to popular opinion, the Coriolis effect is not a determining factor in the rotation of water in toilets or bathtubs (see the draining bathtubs/toilets section below).\n\nThe effect is named after Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, a French scientist, who described it in 1835, though the mathematics appeared in the tidal equations of Laplace in 1778.\nThe formula for the Coriolis acceleration is\n\n \nwhere (here and below)  is the velocity of the particle in the rotating system, and  is the angular velocity vector (which has magnitude equal to the rotation rate and points in the direction of the axis of rotation) of the rotating system. The equation may be multiplied by the mass of the relevant object to produce the Coriolis force. See Fictitious force for a derivation.\n\nNote that this is vector multiplication. In non-vector terms: at a given rate of rotation of the observer, the magnitude of the Coriolis acceleration of the object will be proportional to the velocity of the object and also to the sine of the angle between the direction of movement of the object and the axis of rotation.\n\nThe Coriolis effect is the behavior added by the Coriolis acceleration. The formula implies that the Coriolis acceleration is perpendicular both to the direction of the velocity of the moving mass and to the rotation axis. So in particular:\n\nif the velocity (as always, in the rotating system) is zero, the Coriolis acceleration is zero \nif the velocity is parallel to the rotation axis, the Coriolis acceleration is zero \nif the velocity is straight (perpendicularly) inward to the axis, the acceleration will follow the direction of rotation (i.e., be perpendicular to the rotation axis and the particle velocity) \nif the velocity is following the rotation, the acceleration will be (perpendicularly) outward from the axis \nIn the formula above, the vectors are 3-d. If we are considering the simpler case of motion restricted to the surface of a rotating turntable the equation simplifies somewhat to:\n\n \nwhere  is a unit local vertical and  is the velocity 2-d vector in the plane of the turntable.\n\nWhen considering atmospheric dynamics, the Coriolis acceleration (strictly a 3-d vector in the first formula above) appears only in the horizontal equations, due to the neglect of products of small quantities and other approximations. The term that appears is then\n\n \nwhere  (where  is the latitude) is called the Coriolis parameter and  are the horizontal components of the velocity.\n\n[edit]\nWhat the Coriolis effect is not\nThe Coriolis effect does not depend on the curvature of the Earth, only on its rotation. However, the value of the Coriolis parameter, , does vary with latitude, and that is due to the Earth's shape. \nThe Coriolis effect is not the fictitious Centrifugal force given by . However, the co-existence of Coriolis and centripetal forces makes simple explanations of the effect of Coriolis in isolation difficult. \n[edit]\nVisualisation of the Coriolis effect\n \nA fluid assuming a parabolic shape as it is rotatingTo demonstrate the Coriolis effect, a parabolic turntable can be used. On a flat turntable the centrifugal force, which always acts outwards from the rotation axis, would lead to objects being forced out off the edge. But if the surface of the turntable has the correct parabolic bowl shape, and is rotated at the correct rate, then the component of gravity tangential to the bowl surface will exactly balance the centrifugal force. This allows the Coriolis force to be displayed in isolation.\n\nDiscs cut from cylinders of dry ice c
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Contrary to legend, it depends on the sink - not the hemisphere. The Coriolis force (which makes large scale currents and weather patterns turn clockwise in the Northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the Southern hemisphere) is really too small to matter in a sink/toilet. The geometry of the sink and the motion of the water before you pull the plug plays a much larger role.
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c. Velocity will have size and direction.
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Pilots have to adjust their flight paths to compensate for the Coriolis effect.  This is something we can calculate.
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coriolis effect\ndeflection relative to Earth: the observed deflection of something such as a missile in flight relative to the Earth’s surface, caused by the Earth’s rotation beneath the object. \nThe deflection is to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.
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You may be referring to the Coriolis Effect, which governs the rotation of very large fluids (like weather systems on earth), due to differential forces caused by the rotation of the Earth.  In a relatively small object like a pipe (or yes, even a toilet) the direction of rotation is either random or determined by the geometry of the object.