What's the name of the process which phosphate molecule is transferred from a ATP molecule to another molecule
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It is called Phosphorylation\n\nIn eukaryotes, protein phosphorylation is probably the most important regulatory event. Many enzymes and receptors are switched "on" or "off" by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Phosphorylation is catalyzed by various specific protein kinases, whereas phosphatases dephosphorylate.\n\nA protein kinase is an enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically adding phosphate groups to them (phosphorylation). This usually results in a functional change of the target protein (substrate) by changing enzyme activity, cellular location, or association with other proteins. Up to 30% of all proteins may be modified by kinase activity, and kinases are known to regulate the majority of cellular pathways, especially those involved in signal transduction, the transmission of signals within the cell. The human genome contains about 500 protein kinase genes; they constitute about 2% of all eukaryotic genes.\n\nAdding a phosphoryl (PO3) to a polar R group of an amino acid might not seem like it would do much to a protein, but it can actually turn a nonpolar hydrophobic protein into a polar and extremely hydrophilic molecule. Phosphorylation is observed on serine, threonine, tyrosine and histidine residues.\n\nAn example of the important role that phosphorylation plays is the p53 tumor suppressor gene, which—when active—stimulates transcription of genes that suppress the cell cycle, even to the extent that it undergoes apoptosis. However, this activity should be limited to situations where the cell is damaged or physiology is disturbed. To this end, the p53 protein is extensively regulated. In fact, p53 contains more than 18 different phosphorylation sites.
491267
It is called endosymbiosis. This is the process in which prokaryotes slowly integrated with other prokaryotes (mitochondria or chloroplast) to form eukaryotes
934233
I do not know. Some cycles take an "investment " of ATP, to start.
226496
A 5 carbon sugar (ribose), two adenosine particles, and three phosphate groups.\n\nHa Lol22 you obviously didn't pay attention in bio...ribose is the central particle in ATP, its bonded to the adenosine and phosphates.
418688
So that you can form phosphoenolpyruvate, which can react to form pyruvate and regenerate another ATP molecule-\n\nThis reaction is aimed at converting the relatively low energy phosphoacyl-ester of 3PG to a high-energy form and harvesting the phosphate as ATP. The 3PG is first converted to 2PG by phosphoglycerate mutase and the 2PG conversion to phosphoenoylpyruvate (PEP) is catalyzed by enolase.  Its all a matter of generating a higher energy compound so you can make more ATP, and pyruvate to feed into the TCA cycle in aerobic metabolism, or reduction to lactic acid in anarobic metabolism.  I hope that answered your question.
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ATP is the abbreviation for Adenosine triphosphate and ADP is the abbreviation for Adenosine diphosphate, the difference being ADP has one less phosphate group.\n\nThe breakdown for A-R-P-P-P is as follows:\n\nA - Adenine (as in the DNA base)\n\nR - Ribose, sugar backbone\n\nP - Phosphate groups
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Glycolysis.\n\nOne molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid generating energy in the form of ATP and NADH. This is one of the most common metablic pathways known, being found in the majority of living organisms.
249924
thats not true. there is also deoxyribose (sugar) in the backbone. thats why its called a sugar phosphate backbone
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adenosine tri-phosphate\n\nSignificance: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate
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1. glycolysis\n2. lactic acid\n3. I'm not sure what the question is asking. 4 ATP molecules are produced by glycolysis but 2 are used up so there is only a net of 2 ATP.\n4.Fermentation\n5. NADH and FADH2 (2 is subscript)
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6 CO2 + 12 NADPH + 12 H+ + 18 ATP → C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 12 NADP+ + 18 ADP + 18 Pi
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Transformation\nNucleotides\nBase
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Sure.  "Studies on the interaction of U(VI) with living cells, spores, heat-killed cells, and decomposed cells of Bacillus sphaericus by time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy show that different phosphate complexes are formed. Using fresh intact cells, the U(VI) is bound to organo-phosphate groups of the bacterial cells. With increasing age of the samples, the cells begin to lyse. During this process, inorganic phosphate is released and a uranyl phosphate precipitate is formed. The characterization of the released phosphate species by Raman spectroscopy and the uranyl phosphate complexes by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) has shown that the bacteria release H2PO4- during decomposition which leads to the formation of UO2(H2PO4)2."
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when we take in the food during the process of respiration the glucose is broken down to pyruvic acid CH3COC0OH BY THE process of glycolysis , initially by taking oxygen by cytoplasm . when it gets more oxygen the pyruvic acid enters mitochondria and is converted to CO2 AND H20 . This cycle is called KREB's cyle . the synthesis of ATP molecule takes place in the F1 particle of mitochondria . \nthe equaton is \nC6H12O6+O2---->CH3C0COOH + O2--->CO2 + H20 \nthis process is called aerobic trespiration \nrespiration involves oxidation of food ....\nthus kreb cycle is aerobic respiration and increase in oxygen increases it !!!!!\nPLEASE VOTE IT AS THE BEST ANSWER IF YOU LIKE IT ..PLEASE......\nI THINK I HAVE ANSWERED YOUR MANY QUERIES
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Yes, Zaphod is correct.\n\nYou should write, ATP and ADP - all capital letters.\nThe (P)i is sometimes written just as Pi - the letter'i' is a subscript. In this context the (P)i indicates an inorganic phosphate group.\n\nSo, adenosine TRIphosphate is hydrolysed into adenosine DIphosphate + an inorganic phosphate molecule. The interesting thing about this hydrolysis is that lots of energy is released when this particular bond is broken. This terminal phosphate bond is often described as a 'high-energy' bond.\nThe 'high-energy' bond is indicatd in diagrams as: Adenosine-P-P~P for ATP.
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Oxidative phosphorylation is the terminal process of cellular respiration in eukaryotes. During oxidative phosphorylation electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 — created in glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism and the Krebs cycle — to molecular oxygen, via a series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space as a result of this flow of electrons. This generates a pH gradient and a transmembrane electrical potential across the membrane. This is a form of potential energy which is referred to as a proton-motive force. The protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix via a large protein complex, ATP synthase. This is how most of the ATP is created in a eukaryotic cell. This is the reaction that ATP synthase catalyses:\n\n\n\n\nADP3- + H+ + Pi ↔ ATP4- + H2O \n\nThe synthase functions almost as a mechanical motor, with each NADH molecule contributing enough proton motive force to generate 2.5 ATP. Each FADH2 molecule is worth 1.5 ATP. All together, the 10 NADH and 2 FADH2 molecules contributed through oxidation of glucose (glycolysis, conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, and the Krebs cycle) account for 23 of the 30 total ATP energy carrier molecules. It is worth noting that these ATP values are maximum values and in reality protons leak across the membrane causing somewhat lower values.\n\nPhotophosphorylation, which occurs when plants synthesize glucose during photosynthesis, also uses ATP synthase and a proton gradient to generate ATP. The process occurs across the thylakoid membrane when chlorophyll is energized by light and donates an excited electron to an electron transport chain.\n\nContents [hide]\n1 Inhibitors \n2 See also \n3 External links \n4 References \n \n\n\n[edit] Inhibitors\nThere are a few well-known toxins that affect the process of oxidative phosphorylation and can lead to breakdown of the chain:\n\nCyanide interrupts the electron transport chain in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion because it binds more strongly than oxygen to the Fe3+ (ferric iron ion) in cytochrome a3, preventing this cytochrome from combining electrons with oxygen. \nOligomycin functions by inhibiting the ATP synthase protein and preventing it from generating ATP from the proton gradient. \nCCCP (m-chloro-carbonylcyanide-phenylhydrazine) destroys the proton gradient by allowing the protons to flow out of the membrane. Without the gradient, the ATP synthase cannot function and ATP synthesis breaks down. \nA detergent, or substance that destroys cellular membranes by breaking apart their lipid bilayers, will destroy the membrane used in the process and prevent a proton gradient. \nRotenone prevents the transfer of electrons from Fe-S centers in Complex I (most notably) to ubiquinone. The electrons entering into Complex I are those derived from NADH, and provide the bulk of the reducing potential to the electron transport chain. \nFor each of these toxins, a backup will cause everything before it to break down as well. For example, if oligomycin is added, protons cannot pass through. As a result, the H+ pumps are unable to pass protons through because the gradient becomes too strong for them to overcome. NADH and FADH2 are then not oxidized and the citric acid cycle ceases to operate because there are no NAD+ and FAD coenzymes to be reduced.
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no only ADP is involved\n\nAccording to the definition of chemiosmosis"it is the phosphorylation of ADP INTO ATP in the presence f enzyme ATP synthetase>"\nIn this process proton  follow concentration gradation to release energy, which gets traped in the conversion of ADP to ATP\n\nBy the way AMP IS  very weak to withstand or store the energy  compared to ADP.That is the main reason we do not come across AMP  that frequently in energy releasing reactions