what is the volume of each layer of the atmosphere?
919628
The volume of a spherical shell that has inner radius r and outer radius R is given by:\n\nV = 4/3 * pi * (R^3 - r^3)\n\nThe heights of the boundaries between the various layers of the atmosphere are not constant -- for instance, the top of troposphere is at about 7 km above the Earth's surface at the poles, and ~17 km at the equator.  For the sake of this calculation, I'll assume the following average values for the heights of the various layers (see source), as measured from the surface of the Earth:\n\nTroposphere: 0 - 12 km\nStratosphere: 12km - 50 km\nMesosphere: 50 km - 85 km\nThermosphere: 85 km - 640 km\nExosphere: 640 km - 10,000 km\n\nTo get the radii corresponding to these heights, we need to add the average radius of the Earth (6378 km) to each of these values.  Then we can plug those radii into the equation above to calculate the volume of each layer.  If you do this, you should get:\n\nV(troposphere) = 6.15*10^9 km^3\nV(stratosphere) = 1.96*10^10 km^3\nV(mesosphere) = 1.83*10^10 km^3\nV(thermosphere) = 3.17*10^11 km^3\nV(exosphere) = 1.70*10^13 km^3
761667
cylinder\n1.volume=pir^2h\n2.LSA=2pirh\n3.TSA=2pir(h+r)\n\nsphere\n1.volume=(4/3)pir^3\n2.area=4pir^2\n\nhemisphere\n1.volume=(2/3)pir^3\n2.basearea=pir^2\n3.LSA=2pir^2\n4.TSA=3pir^2\n\ncone\n1.volume=(1/3)pir^2h\n2.LSA=pirl\n3.TSA=pir(l+r)\n\ncube\n1.volume=a^3\n2.surface area=6a^2\n\ncuboid\n1.volume=lbh\n2.surface area=2(lb+lh+bh)
856212
There is a standard model of the atmosphere which is used for calibrating instruments such as aircraft altimeters.  The standard sea level pressure is 1.01325 bars, or about 760 mm Hg.  In a vacuum, the pressure is reduced sufficiently to facilitate whatever process the vacuum was intended to enable; in laboratories, vacuums of 1E-8 bar or lower are attainable.
991818
The atmosphere is the mixture of gas molecules and other materials surrounding the earth. It is made mostly of the gases nitrogen (78%), and oxygen (21%). Argon gas and water (in the form of vapor, droplets and ice crystals) are the next most common things. There are also small amounts of other gases, plus many small solid particles, like dust, soot and ashes, pollen, and salt from the oceans. The atmosphere is densest (thickest) at the bottom, near the Earth. It gradually thins out as you go higher and higher up. There is no sharp break between the atmosphere and space.\n\nThe blue color of the sky is due to Rayleigh scattering. As light moves through the atmosphere, most of the longer wavelengths pass straight through. Little of the red, orange and yellow light is affected by the air. \n\nHowever, much of the shorter wavelength light is absorbed by the gas molecules. The absorbed blue light is then radiated in different directions. It gets scattered all around the sky. Whichever direction you look, some of this scattered blue light reaches you. Since you see the blue light from everywhere overhead, the sky looks blue.\n\nAs you look closer to the horizon, the sky appears much paler in color. To reach you, the scattered blue light must pass through more air. Some of it gets scattered away again in other directions. Less blue light reaches your eyes. The color of the sky near the horizon appears paler or white.
634472
there are many ways of representing water vapor content in the air.  But relative humidity is the best one.  It can go past 100% up to 300% for very small droplets (this is called super saturation).  Now we can have the mixing ration which is the mass of the water vapor in the air/mass of the dry air, and it gives us units of g/kg... then we have dew point temperature, wetbulb tempearture... trust me we have a surplus of ways to measure water vapor in the air
350355
Earth is an oblate spheroid, resembling a sphere flattened at the poles.\n\nThe volume of an oblate spheroid is\n\n    V = 4/3 X 3.14 X a^2 X b\n\nwhere π is the mathematical constant pi, and a and b are the equatorial and polar radii.\n\nSubstituting a = 6,378,135 m and b = 6,356,750 m\n\nThe Huge EarthThe mean radius of the earth is approximately 6.4 million meters (exact = 6.37 x 106 m). Its volume is then:\n\n(4/3) x 3.14 x 64000003 m3\n\nThis comes to 1,097,509,500,000,000,000,000 cubic meters.
430954
A number of differnt elements, including oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, argon and others.  The mojority of air is nitrogen at about 63%, while depending where int he world you are, oxygen only makes up 15-19 percent.
597828
The exosphere is the highest layer of the atmosphere.  10,000 km above the Earth's surface.\nexosphere + ionosphere = thermosphere. \nThis is the upper limit of our atmosphere. \nextremely thin air. \nAir atoms and molecules are constantly escaping to space from the exosphere. \nprime components: hydrogen and helium at xtremely low densities\nEX is the area where many satellites orbit the Earth.
628521
I would think it would be the depths of the oceans up to about 5 miles into the atmosphere around the entire earth
687925
P = Pressure in atmospheres\nV = Volume in Liters\nn = number of moles\nR = ideal gas constant, which in this equation is 0.08206 L * atm * mol^-1 * K^-1\nT = temperature in Kelvin (degrees Centigrade + 273.15)
264700
There are many properties but the two most important are:\n\n1. Temperature (cold or warm air mass) - this affects the density of the air mass as well as it's relative humidity, dew point, how it interacts with other air masses of different temperatures, etc. Temperature is the main driver for what types of weather systems will be generated within an air mass.\n\n2. Absolute humidity - the actual water content of the air mass all attributes to the types of weather systems it will generate, and where highs and lows will form.\n\nAlso, air masses can be moving or stagnant, stable or unstable, constant or dynamic, and I'm probably forgetting others.
368234
The definition of the volume of an object is just how much space it occupies.\nIf you're looking for the formula for volume, then \nV = Pi(r^2)h, where r is the radius and h is the height.
373208
atmostphere which can be divided into troposphere, stratosphere, ionosphere, mesosphere ans exosphere, increasing respectively.
37739
Hydrosphere - The part of the Earth composed of water including clouds, oceans, seas, ice caps, glaciers, lakes, rivers, underground water supplies, and atmospheric water vapor.\n\nLithosphere - That part of the earth which is composed predominantly of rocks (either coherent or incoherent, and including the disintegrated rock materials known as soils and subsoils), together with everything in this rocky crust. Littoral Zone - The area on, or near the shore of a body water.\n\nAtmosphere - The mixture of gases surrounding the Earth. The Earth's atmosphere consists of about 79.1% nitrogen (by volume), 20.9% oxygen, 0.036% carbon dioxide and trace amounts of other gases. The atmosphere can be divided into a number of layers according to its mixing or chemical characteristics, generally determined by its thermal properties (temperature).
823430
the buoyancy of the object and its volume.
741778
This is not tricky at all. The volume is 1-1/2 cylinders of "height" 50,000 meters and radius 4 meters.\n\nThe formula for the volume of a cylinder is\n\nV = pi * r^2 * h
377149
Nitrogen (N2) 78.084 % by volume\nOxygen(O2)20.9476 % by volume\nArgon(Ar)0.934 % by volume\nCarbon Dioxide(CO2)0.0314 % by volume