why electrons have negative charge?
912269
Calling the electron charge negative and the proton charge positive is an arbitrary choice.  Ben Franklin is generally credited with first making that choice for us.\n\nWhy do electrons have charge?  Why do charges experience the forces they experience?  Because that's how God created the universe and its physical laws.  It's fundamental to atomic structure.  If charge didn't exist, or if the forces behaved differently, we wouldn't have the universe as we know it.
542290
Charge is a fundamental property. This means that we simply accept charge as an attribute of the particles. Much like we accept a person's name.\n\nIn other words, we don't know what causes charge in the sense which you inquire to know, but it doesn't prevent us from working with the particles.\n\nCharge aside, electrons and protons are very different particles. Electrons orbit atoms and weight next to nothing, while protons are locked in the nucleus of the atom and are considerably more massive.
721773
Yes, it does. A negatively charged object is heavier than a positive one. However, this difference is amazingly small that it's hard to even comprehend let alone measure.\n\nEDIT: To the guy below me, although the positron is a recognised particle they do not magically appear to replace a lost electron - a positive object is lighter. See link for a workthrough and proof.
36755
An atom has no charge because it likes to be stable and to be stable it has the same number of protons (positively charged particles)as it has electrons (negatively charged particles) therefore they cancel each other out of course sometimes they are not stable and are called ions which are charged atoms
165927
Positive and Negative ends of a molecule depend upon the electornegativity of the atoms of the molecule. Lets take a simple example of water here. H2O. \n\nOxygen is water is bound to 2 Hydrogen atoms. Oxygen is highly electronegative. So, it pulls the electrons in the O - H bond towards itself partially. So, this creates a partial negative charge on it and also a partial positive charge on Hydrongen.\n\nElectronegativity actually means "the ability of an atom to pull a lone pair of electrons towards itself". Electronegativity depends on the number of electrons present in the outermost shell. \nEx: Sodium has 1 electron in the outermost shell. So, its tenedecy to release this electron and get to a stabler configuration is more than gaining electrons further. But, in case of Chlorine, there are 7 electrons. It needs just 1 more electron to attain stable configuration. So, Chlorine tends to pull electrons towards it and therefore Chlorine is highly electronegative. \n\nNow, looking at the molecules u have given...\nNitrogen is highly electronegative. It has 3 unpaired electrons in its outermost shell, but it wud still go ahead and grab a few more to get to a fully filled state. So, in NH3, N would be partially negative and H would be partially positive. \n\nSo, is the case in HCN too. Cyanide ion (CN-) is a highly electronegative ion and therefore acts as the negative end. \n\n\nHope this information helps.
291709
Ans. 4. Higher electric potential.\n\nA positive charge will go from a region of higher to lower electric potential.\n\nA negative charge will go from a region of lower to higher electric potential. Since electron is a negative charge, it should go to a higher electric potential.
27625
Typically the metals and hydrogen. Non-metals usually give negative ions.
854950
In general, it should be small atoms, because smaller atoms have less electron orbitals. Also, in smaller atoms there are less electrons and this means that the shielding effect is lessened. Thus the negatively-charged electrons are closer to the positive nucleus, and the attraction is stronger.
1134100
The nomenclature of positive and negative charges was decided before electrons were discovered.  The technology of the day couldn't distinguish between moving positive charges and moving negative charges, so they basically guessed that positive charges flow.  Positively charged objects were thought to have a surplus of charge carriers, and negatively charged objects were thought to have a deficit.\n\nit wasn't until vacuum tubes showed up that it was conclusively shown that the things that carry charge current carry a negative charge.  So, the original guess was shown to be wrong.  Rather than confusing everything by changing notation suddenly, we just persisted with the notation, counter-intuitive though it may be.
797876
Normal chemical reactions never involve the loss or gain of protons. Since metals are positively charged, it would stand to reason that they will gain electrons. Think of any metal-containing compound...FeCl2 for example...Fe is positive, Cl is negative, electrons move from Cl to Fe.
391662
There are two types of charges positive and negative.\n\nAll objects have equal number of charges in general.\n\nWhen the net charges are equal to zero, the body  is in neutral.\n\nBy various methods like friction, we can remove one or other type of charges from an object.\n\nThen an object is either positively charged or negatively charged.\n\nIn this state, the charges, residing in the object are rest; Static.\n\nThe study of these behaviors of charges at rest is Static Electricity.
14403
It's because of the number of valence electrons they have. They are both willing to give 3 electrons away (which is why the have a negative three charge), so they also share the same affinity for electrons.
1050318
With any ion - you can look at the charge it has to determine how many extra electrons it has.\n\nFor example -  elemental Sulfur has 16 electrons. To have a negative 2 charge it must have gained an additional 2 electrons. So it has a total of 18. \n\nBut since 18 is not one of the answers I assume the answer is 2 because it gained 2 electrons to get the negative 2 charge.\n\nHope this helped!
272575
let me explain this with an example.take Cl atom which has 17 protons in the nucleus and equal no. of electrons(17)revolving around the nucleus.this means tht the 17 positive charges are attracting the 17 negative charges.\nnow let us consider the chloride ion Cl(-1). the protons are again 17 here but one negative charge is extra ie there are 18 electrons.so,in this case the 17 positive charges are pulling the 18 negative charges.\nnow u can imagine in which case is the pull less efficient atom or anion?\nobviously it is less efficient in case of anion because of the inequality of charges thus making it bigger in size.\nhope ,i ve made it clear with an example...
1185763
1. When unit of charge coulomb came into being the electron was unknown to the world (C. A. Coulomb 1736 –  1806), let along the magnitude of its charge. Also the electron has such a microscopic charge.\n2. It makes little difference if an electron is positive or negative, however since we all just happened to agree to it being called negative so the rest will fall in their relative places.\n3. Mol (see Avogadro's number http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avogadro%27s_number) is a way of saying that we have enough electrons to some standard. The mole is the standard method  for communicating how much of a substance is present.
785300
Electrons have a negative charge and are held in the atom by the positively charged nucleus.  The further away from the nucleus that the electrons are, the easier it is to remove the electron.
129718
its due to their spin, and actually protons are composed of quarks (which due to their spin properties give it a positive charge).\n\nYou can do a search on quarks and learn more about sub-atomic particles