How did the element magnesium get its name?
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just look it up on yahoo...its named after the city of Magnesia in the district of Thessaly, Greece.
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A Magnesium atom has 1 extra electron than Sodium, but this extra electron is going into the same electron shell as Sodium's (the 3S orbital), so Magnesium isnt getting any larger.  In fact, because of Mg's extra 1 proton, it actualy gets smaller since the nucleus is pulling the electrons in closer.\n\nCalcium is the next element down in the column on the periodic table.  Following the trend, Calcium will be much larger than Mg since it has an entire 8 extra electrons in two additional orbitals.  The size of the atom is greatly determined by how many electrons and in how many orbitals there are away from the nucleus.
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Mg2+ + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2 (gas)\n\nOkay, hydrogen.  As you can see in the above equation, for one atom of magnesium you'll produce two atoms of hydrogen.   \n\nLet's work out how much hydrogen you'll get in grams.\nAnd let's say that you have 1 gram of Mg.  First, what you need to do is work out how many atoms are in 1 gram of Mg.  \n\nThis is easy.  Simply:\n\n1 / atomic mass x Avagadro's constant = number of atoms.\n\nFor Mg, this equals:\n\n1 / 24.31 x 6.0221415×10^23 = 0.2477228 x 10^23 atoms.\n\nWe know that for every atom of Mg you'll produce 2 atoms of hydrogen.  So, that means you'll produce:\n\n2 x 0.2477228 x 10^23 = 0.4954456 x 10^23 atoms of hydrogen.\n\nTo work out how much 0.4954456 x 10^23 atoms of hydrogen weighs you just calculate, like this:\n\n0.4954456 / 6.0221415 x 1.008 = 0.0829 grams.\n\nAnd that's it.  1 gram of Mg will produce 0.0829 grams of hydrogen.
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Yeah, lithium bromide and magnesium nitrite.  \nWhen you name binary ionic compounds like LiBr, you just take the first element's name and then the second element's name, except you change the ending of the second element from bromine to bromide.  \nFor polyatomic anions, you name the first element, magnesium, and then the name of the other ion, nitrite.  Those you just have to memorize.
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A necessary prerequisite to the construction of the periodic table was the discovery of the individual elements. Although elements such as gold, silver, tin, copper, lead and mercury have been known since antiquity, the first scientific discovery of an element occurred in 1649 when Hennig Brand discovered phosphorous. During the next 200 years, a vast body of knowledge concerning the properties of elements and their compounds was acquired by chemists (view a 1790 article on the elements). By 1869, a total of 63 elements had been discovered. As the number of known elements grew, scientists began to recognize patterns in properties and began to develop classification schemes.
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you know its ionic because Na is a metal while Cl isnt. a metal and nonmetal almost always from an ionic bond. to draw a lewis digram, determine how many valence electons are in each and draw the diagram.. its kinda hard to explain without actually drawing it.. consult a chem bk.
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Mg, magnesium, which will act as a sacrificial anode and corrode in preference to the iron, which becomes the cathode in the cell formed by the two metals and the conducting earth. The piece of Mg must also be underground and nearby. See the ref.
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Magnesium is the 12th element (atomic number 12).\n\nCarbon is the 6th element, but has an atomic mass of 12.
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The magnesium metal buried nearby provides protection from corrosion.  “Corrosion” is the technical name for the chemical reaction that takes place when a metal combines with oxygen.  Magnesium acts as an anode and protects the iron or steel tank by corroding in preference to the iron or steel tank.  This means that instead of Iron giving up electrons that attach to the oxygen atoms(which causes corrosion), the Magnesium releases the electrons.  The Magnesium and Oxygen atoms combine to form magnesium oxide while Iron does not take part in the chemical reaction and is thus protected.\n\nThe corrosion of a magnesium anode in preference to steel is an example of galvanic protection.
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Electron configuration of Magnesium:\n[Ne] 3s2\n\nThus it has 2 valence electrons.
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Mercury, also called quicksilver, is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Hg (from the Latinized Greek hydrargyrum, for watery [or liquid] silver) and atomic number 80. A heavy, silvery transition metal, mercury is one of five elements that are liquid at or near standard room temperature (the others are the metals caesium, francium, and gallium, and the nonmetal bromine). Mercury is used in dental amalgam as well as thermometers, barometers and other scientific apparatus, although the use of mercury in thermometers has been largely phased out in clinical and scientific environments (in favor of alcohol-filled, digital or thermistor-based replacements) due to concerns about the element's toxicity. Mercury is mostly obtained by reduction from the mineral cinnabar.
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Magnesium Phosphate Tetrahydrate\n\nMg is Magnesium\nPO4 is the phosphate ion\nTetrahydrate means surrounded by four water molecules\n\nCa(NO3)2*3H2O\n\nCalcium has a +2 charge and the nitrate ion (NO3)  has a -1 charge so Calcium will bond with 2 nitrate ions. Trihydrate means surrounded by 3 water molecules.
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Because it is an element.\n\nVanadium is probably one of those obscure metals that you don't learn much about in school. Basically, it is an element found as a part of several minerals. Now it's used in nuclear power plants and purification processes. You'll find it in the top row of transition metals just to the right of titanium. \n\nIt was discovered and named in 1901 by a scientist named del Rio in Mexico and later by another scientist named Sefstrom in Sweden. It was named after the Scandinavian goddess Vanadis. It wasn't until 1867 that pure vanadium was isolated. When purified, vanadium is a bright white metal. \n\nva·na·di·um  (v-nd-m)\nn. Symbol V\nA bright white, soft, ductile metallic element found in several minerals, notably vanadinite and carnotite, having good structural strength and used in rust-resistant high-speed tools, as a carbon stabilizer in some steels, as a titanium-steel bonding agent, and as a catalyst. Atomic number 23; atomic weight 50.942; melting point 1,890°C; boiling point 3,000°C; specific gravity 6.11; valence 2, 3, 4, 5. See Table at element.
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Discovered by: Sir Humphrey Davy, Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac, L.J. Th&„nard \n\nDiscovered at: England, France \n\nBoron compounds have been known for thousands of years, but the element was not isolated until 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy, Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) and Louis Jaques Thénard (1777-1857). This was accomplished through the reaction of boric acid (H3BO3) with potassium.
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MgCl2 is an ionic compound, so magnesium goes to a 2+ charge and the chlorine ions go to a charge of 1- each. In the reaction, the magnesium "gives off" 2 electrons, which are picked up by the chlorine, and the compound is formed
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Sodium (English, soda) has long been recognized in compounds, but was not isolated until 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy through the electrolysis of caustic soda. In medieval Europe a compound of sodium with the Latin name of sodanum was used as a headache remedy. Sodium's symbol, Na, comes from the neo-Latin name for a common sodium compound named natrium, which comes from the Greek nítron, a kind of natural salt. As early as 1860 Kirchhoff and Bunsen noted the sensitivity that a flame test for sodium could have. Stating in Annalen der Physik und der Chemie in the paper "Chemical Analysis by Observation of Spectra": "In a corner of our 60 cu.m. room farthest away from the apparatus, we exploded 3 mg. of sodium chlorate with milk sugar while observing the nonluminous flame before the slit. After a few minutes, the flame gradually turned yellow and showed a strong sodium line that disappeared only after 10 minutes. From the weight of the sodium salt and the volume of air in the room, we easily calculate that one part by weight of air could not contain more than 1/20 millionth weight of sodium."
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The name vanadium comes from the word Vanadis, a goddess in Scandinavian mythology, because the element has beautiful multicolored chemical compounds. The symbol V was taken from the first letter of the origin of the word.\n\nBased on history of its discovery Vanadium had several names prior to this official name:\n>>Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in Mexico City, in 1801. He called it "brown lead" (now named vanadinite). \n>>Its colors reminded him of chromium, so he named the element "panchromium."\n>> He later renamed this compound "erythronium", since most of the salts turned red when heated.\n>>  George William Featherstonhaugh, one of the first US geologists, suggested that the element should be named "rionium" after Del Rio, but this never happened.\n\nNone of those above names remained to be its name thus currently it is simply called vanadium.♥