How do politics affect international trade?
913439
Any number of ways. Depending on what economic model the country adheres to (Socialism, Communism, Capitalism, Mixed System, etc.), their decision making on trade affects whether they impose tariffs on items. Also, disliking other's stances on issues or other countries actions have caused countries to trade differently. For instance, the USA refused to trade with China for a long time and still have an embargo on Cuba because it doesn't like their politics. \nAnti-German politics after WWI caused trade to fall with Germany and isolation allowed Nazism to fester there.\nA different government in the US might want to try to get out of NAFTA, GATT, and the WTO. But then again, most of the politicians in power support or put up with them.
621968
What they have = exports\n\nWhat they need = imports\n\nand of course, money is a big determinant of what they can get.
620001
I believe that "Politics" is the root cause for the tensions between the two countries. The politicians these days are conveniently using the "Divide and Rule policy" to fill their vote bank. Flushing dirty politics down the dran would be the first step towards good relationship between the two countries and that would not happen unless "Well educated, young, energetic" folks take interest in politics.
662273
It sound's like Political games ..etc.\nand at some point lead to further trade war's.
149263
Trade allows countries to specialize in the good(s) in which they have a comparative advantage (Ricardian Trade Theory). This increases the overall output of the world.
1172181
WHERE THERE IS MONEY INVOLVED, THERE WILL BE POLITICS TOO.\n\nESP. IN INDIA.
672148
politically speaking its made the govt more pro business .Socially its created indignation and allowed people to protest foreign affairs more opnly.Culturally we're more tolerant and open.
181740
political????\n oil,relgeion, bush
229238
Your question is sooooooo vague.   \n\nWhat policies, specifically?   Economic?   Governmental?   Schooling?  Taxes?   Importation/Exportation?  Immigration/Emigration?
142079
Japan is more intimately tied to the fluctuations in the U.S. economy, where China, though a large trader with the U.S., would not be hurt, if for instance, the NASDAQ plummeted overnight.  One way in which China wields much more authority in world trade than Japan is its substantial investment in energy sources.  One could also make an argument for the political difference.  Where Japan is only interested in dominating economically, China is a global political force to be reckoned with.  Its assimilation of Tibet, its hositility towards liberalism, and its demands on Taiwan are examples of its overly aggressive nature.
845821
Once the military might of the USA is reduced, its dominance in the international trade and the Rule of Dollar as an international currency may also get affected. The current conflict only reflects the inter-connectivity between the military might and the international economic scenario. Coming days are very dicey and  decisive for the whole world.
716729
trade between two counteries is called international trade\n\nInternational trade is the exchange of goods and services across international boundaries or territories. In most countries, it represents a significant share of GDP. While international trade has been present throughout much of history (see Silk Road, Amber Road), its economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries. Industrialization, advanced transportation, globalization, multinational corporations, and outsourcing are all having a major impact. Increasing international trade is the usually primary meaning of "globalization".\nTrade Series\nInternational trade\nHistory of international trade\nTrade bloc\nFree trade area\nCustoms union\n\n    Trade creation\n    Trade diversion\n\nMonetary union\nCommon market\nEconomic and monetary union\n\nInternational trade is also a branch of economics, which, together with international finance, forms the larger branch of international economics.\n\nInternational trade theory\n\nSeveral different models have been proposed to predict patterns of trade and to analyze the effects of trade policies such as tariffs.\n\n[edit] Ricardian model\n\nThe Ricardian model focuses on comparative advantage and is perhaps the most important concept in international trade theory. In a Ricardian model, countries specialize in producing what they produce best. Unlike other models, the Ricardian framework predicts that countries will fully specialize instead of producing a broad array of goods. Also, the Ricardian model does not directly consider factor endowments, such as the relative amounts of labor and capital within a country.\n\n[edit] Heckscher-Ohlin model\n\nThe Heckscher-Ohlin model was produced as an alternative to the Ricardian model of basic comparative advantage. Despite its greater complexity it did not prove much more accurate in its predictions. However from a theoretical point of view it did provide an elegant solution by incorporating the neoclassical price mechanism into international trade theory.\n\nThe theory argues that the pattern of international trade is determined by differences in factor endowments. It predicts that countries will export those goods that make intensive use of locally abundant factors and will import goods that make intensive use of factors that are locally scarce. Empirical problems with the H-O model, known as the Leontief paradox, were exposed in empirical tests by Wassily Leontief who found that the United States tended to export labor intensive goods despite having a capital abundance.\n\n[edit] Specific Factors\n\nIn this model, labour mobility between industries is possible while capital is immobile between industries in the short-run. The specific factors name refers to the given that in the short-run specific factors of production, such as physical capital, are not easily transferrable between industries. The thoery suggests that if there is an increase in the price of a good, the owners of the factor of production specific to that good will profit in real terms. Additionally, owners of opposing specific factors of production (i.e. labour and capital) are likely to have opposing agendas when lobbying for controls over immigration of labour. Conversely, both owners of capital and labour profit in real terms from an increase in the capital endowment. This model is ideal for particular industries. This model is ideal for understanding income distribution but awkward for discussing the pattern of trade.\n\n[edit] Gravity model\n\nThe Gravity model of trade presents a more empirical analysis of trading patterns rather than the more theoretical models discussed above. The gravity model, in its basic form, predicts trade based on the distance between countries and the interaction of the countries' economic sizes. The model mimics the Newtonian law of gravity which also considers distance and physical size between two objects. The model has been prove
17054
It's simple -- big business interests have considerable influence on politicians. Big business wants cheap labor, and gets it, while the government still gets to appear tough on immigration by harrassing the individual immigrants.\n\nEven if the gov't begins prosecuting employers, I be the ones hit will be mostly small businesses (e.g. restaurants), and not large agricultural/construction companies.
675223
Changes in interest rate will influence the ability of people to afford the product. (Higher rate, less disposable income, less buyers)\n\nExchange rate will influence the ability of foreign products to compete with the product. Your exchange rate strengthens, imports become cheaper/ more competitive.
295088
CAFTA is a public policy that is related to modernization theory.  I don't know if you are looking for specifics, but even if not an example always helps.  The thinking is that low/no tarriffs will increase trade with central america and that will lead to more development/modernization in the area.  The theory effects public policy.  If you don't like that specific one I think the easiest place to find "theories" at work becoming public policy is in international relations and/or trade.  I have no idea if that is anything like what you are looking for, but I tried. :)
634116
okay, the tariff, as you know, is a tax on imported goods from other countries.  Governments implement tariffs in order to discourage other countries from selling their goods here.  \nHow does this affect our economy? The US's Net exports (a factor which contributes to the nation's wealth, therefore the higher the net exports, the better for our economy) equals the US exports minus imports.  The tariffs reduce imports, and therefore increaces the NET EXPORTS, which adds to the US wealth.  \nThis is also good for another reason.  Becuase the US exports increase and the imports decrease as a result of the tariff, other countries need the US dollar in order to buy the US goods.  As a result of the increase in demand, the dollar will become more valuable, or appreciate, making the dollar stronger abroad.  \n\nThe negative aspect actually comes as a result of the prior two advantages.  As the dollar becomes stronger, it becomes more expensive for other countries to buy the US goods, therefore discouraging the exports that initially rose as a result of the tariff.  So, in the end, there is no change in the NET EXPORTS, this disadvantage and the first advantage balance each other out. \n\nSO, after looking at three main outcomes of implementing a tariff, the advantage to the economy is this:  The dollar becomes stronger abroad, therefore making it cheaper for the US to buy other countries goods, even if fewer imports are being brought in to the US.  It also decreases foreign competition for US based companies\n\nHope this helps, good luck with the paper!
1029408
Your question is kinda vaque, you did not specify the kind of negotiation, could it be procurement,legal accounting,consultancy or audit contracts, \n\nAnyway, this abstract may help:\n\nSalacuse describes six distinctive features of international business negotiations. The author begins by pointing out two mistaken assumptions about doing business in an international setting. Many economic commentators assume that international business deals will happen naturally if only the correct governmental policies and structures are in place. Corporate leaders assume that they can simply extend their successful domestic strategies to the international setting. \n\nBoth of these assumptions are mistaken. Policies alone do not create business deals; companies do. Business executives will need to be much better educated about international negotiating in order to make successful deals. International business negotiations are fundamentally different from domestic negotiations, and require a different set of skills and knowledge. Salacuse explains that "domestic business dealings probably have about the same relationship to international business as domestic politics do to international diplomacy."[p. 252]\n\nSalacuse identifies six elements which are common to all international business negotiations, and which as a set distinguish international business negotiations from domestic negotiations. The first is that in international negotiations the parties must deals with the laws, policies and political authorities of more than one nation. These laws and policies may be inconsistent, or even directly opposed. For example, in the early 1980s U.S. companies operating in Europe were caught between the American prohibition on sales to the Soviets for their Trans-Siberian pipeline, and European nations' demands that these companies abide by their supply contracts. International business agreements must include measures to address these differences. Such measures typically include arbitration clauses, specification of the governing laws, and tax havens.\n\nA second factor unique to international business is the presence of different currencies. Different currencies give rise to two problems. Since the relative value of different currencies varies over time, the actual value of the prices or payments set by contract may vary, and result in unexpected losses or gains. Another problem is that each government generally seeks to control the flow of domestic and foreign currencies across their national boundaries. And so business deals will often depend upon the willingness of governments to make currency available. Unexpected changes in such governmental currency policies can have dramatic effects on international business deals.\n\nA third element common to international business negotiations is the participation of governmental authorities. Governments often play a much larger role in foreign business than Americans are accustomed to. The presence of often extensive government bureaucracies can make international negotiation processes more rigid that is usual in the American private sector. Sovereign immunity can introduce legal complications into contracts. State-controlled businesses may have different goals from private companies. Whereas private firms are usually primarily concerned with profits, state entities may be willing to sacrifice some profitability for social or political ends such as greater employment.\n\nFourth, international ventures are vulnerable to sudden and drastic changes in their circumstances. Events such as war or revolution, changes in government, or currency devaluation have an impact on international businesses which is much greater than the impact that the usual domestic changes have on national businesses. These risks "require that international business negotiator to have a breadth of knowledge and social insight that would not ordinarily be necessary in negotiating a U.S. business arrangement."