How do waves form and how do they form barrier islands?
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waves form when you fart in the water
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EARTHQUAKE WAVES\n\nEarthquakes produce three kinds of shock waves.\n\nBody waves move through the Earth from the focus.\n\nSurface waves travel in the outer layers of the Earth.\n\nFree oscillations are the movement of the entire Earth as the result of the largest earthquakes.\n\nBody waves are composed of two types of waves.\n\nP or primary waves are waves where the rock is push back and forth through compression.\n\nS or secondary waves are waves where the rock is pulled sideways.\n\nP and S waves have been used to understand the composition of the interior of the Earth.\n\nThese waves take different tracks and velocities depending on the density and elasticity of the material they are passing through.\n\nS waves do not pass through liquids so the inability of the the outer core to carry S waves would suggest the presence of a liquid core.\n\nAt the Earths surface earthquake waves can sometimes be seen causing the surface to oscillate.\n\nIn oceans the wave energy can be transferred into the water to form tsunami.
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How do Whirlpools form?  Almost any current that has a non-shoreline boundary can form one.  In the case of a river current flowing by an obstruction, the current sets up a Bernoulli force and drags water from the eddy away with it. However, this water must be replaced by other water from somewhere, which turns out to be the downstream end of the eddy. Thus the eddy current flows upstream, and creates the highly unstable eddy fence where it "rubs" against the main current. Put something between your hands while they are held flat; now move one hand away from you, and one hand towards you. The object will tend to rotate. If your hands represent the main and eddy currents, and the object the unstable water of the eddy fence, you can readily see how the latter can be set into rotation.
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Yellowstone volcanics are a localized feature that has shot through the overlying crust.  This is determined largely through geochemestry and heatflow studies.  The Hawiaan Islands are formed as a result of a hotspot.  You can see that the overlying plate has been moving with respect to the hotspot because the islands formed one at a tine in a line, showing plate direction.\n\nMt St. Helens is the result of a process called subduction.  The oceanic Pacific plate is being shoved underneath the North American plate.  As that plate is pushed deeper and deeper, heat and pressure create a partial melt that can rise to the surface and create volcanoes.  Look at the Aleutian chain, those are also subduction volcanoes, only there you see oceanic crust shoved under oceanic crust
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How very astute.  Fluids form mixtures and circulate based on different things, like pressure and heat.\n\nBut the gases do form layers.  Who said they don't?
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The earth's hard surface (commonly called the crust) can be composed of oceanic crust or continental crust.  The two types of crust can form to create plates.  (Refer to plate tectonic theory)\n\nThe creation of the earth's crust can be a result of many processes such as: volcanism (Hawaii/Mt.St. Helens), Rift Zones (Mid-Atlantic Spreading Center), or combinations of the two.\n\nThe boundaries of these plates can convergent (come together), divergent (move apart), or transverse one another (slide past one another). \n\nOne of the most famous boundary between plates is the transverse or strike/slip fault that commonly creates earthquakes in California. The two famous faults are the San Andreas and Hayward faults.  \n\nEarthquakes are simply a build up of forces on these plate boundaries and eventually break.  The "break" is the earthquake  that we feel, the aftershocks can continue after the initial break, but are usually less intense or less strong (see Richter Scale)\n\nTsunamis are the result of deep earthquakes on/or near the ocean floor.  The movement of the fault will move massive amounts of the oceans water table is shifted. This forms a wave that will generate out in all directions.  When the tsunami travels thousands of miles thru the ocean and comes into contact with land it produces large scale waves (anywhere from 20-300+ feet) in height.
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#1) Go UCSB!\n#2) Are the channel islands different environments?  Different environments will select for different traits.\n#3)  Do the members of the different islands have the ability to reproduce with each other?  You need to have isolated populations (geographically, for one) in order for any divergence to occur over time.
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A tsunami is a series of waves generated when a body of water, such as a lake or ocean is rapidly displaced on a massive scale. Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions and large meteorite impacts all have the potential to generate a tsunami. The effects of a tsunami can range from unnoticeable to devastating.\n\nThe term tsunami comes from the Japanese language meaning harbour ("tsu") and wave ("nami"). Although in Japanese tsunami is used for both the singular and plural, in English tsunamis is well-established as the plural. The term was created by fishermen although they had not been aware of any wave in the open water. A tsunami is not a sub-surface event in the deep ocean; it simply has a much smaller amplitude (wave heights) offshore, and a very long wavelength (often hundreds of kilometres long), which is why they generally pass unnoticed at sea, forming only a passing "hump" in the ocean.\n\nTsunamis have been historically referred to as tidal waves because as they approach land they take on the characteristics of a violent onrushing tide rather than the sort of cresting waves that are formed by wind action upon the ocean (with which people are more familiar). However, since they are not actually related to tides the term is considered misleading and its
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Water.\n\nWater is one of the key parts of the formation of magma in subduction zones. The water that is in the subducting plate lowers the melting point of the rock by a few hundred degrees C. The water in the subduction plate will boil and migrate upwards into the overlying wedge of mantle rock where it will reduce the melting point of the overlying mantle. This magma will migrate upwards and form a volcano. \n\nAnother part of this process is that within rock there are many different minerals, all with different melting points, so the ones that melt at the lowest temperatures tend to form magma first, so the resulting magma comes from a partial melt of the source rock.\n\nHere's another diagram (I'd draw you my own but I can't post anything but text here):\nhttp://earth.leeds.ac.uk/dynamicearth/subduction/cordillera_islandarc.htm
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As the tectonic plates move, their boundaries crush against each other and create pressure.  Eventually, the pressure will build up to a point where it overcomes the friction holding two sections of rock together.  The sections will slip. relieving the pressure and creating an earthquake as the energy that was held in the two sections is transferred into seismic waves, also known as an earthquake.
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Bubbles form spheres because spheres have the smallest possible surface area for their volume. \n\nThe table below compares several different shapes and their surface areas to a sphere.\n\nSurface areas of shapes with the same volume\n\n\nShape\n Number of sides\n Volume (units3)\n Surface Area (units2)\n Area/(Area of sphere)\n (Area of sphere)/ Area\n \nTetrahedron\n 4\n 1\n 7.21\n 1.49\n 0.67\n \nCube\n 6\n 1\n 6\n 1.24\n 0.81\n \nOctahedron\n 8\n 1\n 5.72\n 1.18\n 0.85\n \nDodecahedron\n 12\n 1\n 5.32\n 1.10\n 0.91\n \nIcosahedron\n 20\n 1\n 5.15\n 1.06\n 0.94\n \nSphere\n infinite\n 1\n 4.84\n 1\n 1\n \n\nBTW - You can make a cubicle bubble\n\nUse a cube shaped bubble frame. Dip the frame completely into the bubble mix. This makes several bubble films forming a square in the middle. Dip again, but only immerse one side of the frame. A near-cubical bubble will form in the centre of the frame, surrounded by films (it may be necessary to burst a few bubbles near the centre to get just one bubble). \n\nBurst the films around the bubble one at a time. The 'cube' will be revealed to be a sphere stretched out by the films around it. \n\nAlthough a single bubble will always try to form a sphere, other shapes can be made by having several bubbles and films touching. When bubbles and bubble films meet, they always obey certain rules: \n\nFilms and edges always meet each other at equal angles, so three films meeting at an edge will be 120° and four films will be 90° apart. \nThere are never more than two films at an edge. \nThere can never be more than four edges or six films meeting at a point. \nThese rules are all consequences of the "Golden Rule of Bubbles". From these rules, it can be shown that the bubble was not a true cube, as the edges and faces did not meet in right angles. It bulged slightly.
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try using geophysics book as your reference.\np (primary) waves travel on solid, liquid and gas mediums.\nS (shear) waves travel only on solid mediums.\nA proof of this, is an occurrence of earthquakes, is which the quake produces seismic waves and the seismic centers can measure this waves and telling the magnitude of an earthquake.\nIf the earth is hollow, they (siesmologists) couldn't measure the magnitude of earthquakes.
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it's a mixture of air and water. when the waves are churning up they mix in air and the combination is what you see as foam. also some minor impurities are present.
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Ocean Waves are mechanical waves that propagate along the interface between water and air; the restoring force is provided by gravity, and so they are often referred to as surface gravity waves. As the wind blows, pressure and friction forces perturb the equilibrium of the ocean surface. These forces transfer energy from the air to the water, forming waves. In the case of monochromatic linear plane waves in deep water, particles near the surface move in circular paths, making ocean surface waves a combination of longitudinal (back and forth) and transverse (up and down) wave motions. When waves propagate in shallow water, (where the depth is less than half the wavelength) the particle trajectories are compressed into ellipses. As the wave amplitude (height) increases, the particle paths no longer form closed orbits; rather, after the passage of each crest, particles are displaced a little forward from their previous positions, a phenomenon known as Stokes drift. A good illustration of the wave motion is given by *Prof. Robert Dalrymple Java applet
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Stream beds change due to sediment load that it carries & amount of water. They can meander or cut deeper into their bed. Oxbow lakes can form when meanders are cut off from the rest of the stream.\n\nRocks weather by wind & water. Self explanatory. Rock is removed by the wind & water and redeposited somewhere else as sediment.\n\nShorelines can either build up or erode depending on where they are located. Hurricanes can wash away shorelines or build them up too. Depending on how intense the storm is & amount of storm surge/ high tide or low tide, etc. Barrier islands are constantly changing. They move further inland during transgressions & move back out again during regressions. Hurricane can also close or open new inlets along barrier islands. Many of NC's barrier inlets have been closed & reopened by major hurricanes over the past couple hundred years.\n\nKarst topography. Areas w/ limestone bedrock will form sinkholes where the limestone is dissolved by naturally forming acids. This occurs especially where too much water is pumped out from these limestone aquifers. You can get sinkholes & sinkhole lakes/ponds. Lots of these in Florida.
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Waves are the flow of energy through water.  There's quite a bit of energy in water and it can easily move as water is liquid, thus you observe a wave.  The water isn't actually moving much; each water molecule is moving just a bit and pushing the next molecule, which does the same and on it goes..
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island = land completely surrounded by water\nwaves = water\nany more silly questions?