Where are most Cinder Cone Volcanoes usually located?
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Cinder Cones build up when tephra erupts from a vent and falls back to earth around the vent.  The accumulated tephra, which are cinders, forms a cone-shaped mountain.  Paricutin, in western Mexico is well known for its cinder cone.  It began in 1943, when a crack opened in the ground of a cornfield.  When the eruptions ended in 1952, the top of the cone had grown to 1,345 feet (410 meters) above its abase.
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Fuji in Japan is considered to have the most perfectly shaped cone. The most recent eruption of Conception was in 1986. Although there was an increase in earthquake activity at Momotombo recently the last eruption was in 1905.
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...And the ring of fire is located around the Pacific.  \n\nVolcanoes can also be found in Iceland, where it lies above a hot spot and a Mid Ocean Ridge.  They also tend to coincide with mantle plumes surging from the core mantle boundary as well as plate convergent (subduction) and divergent (rifts and MOR) settings, but further details can be found in various websites --> search on google.\n\nWikipedia or the United States Geologic Survey (usgs.gov?) websites may have some useful info about volcanoes.
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Yahoo search on images of volcanos:\nhttp://img.search.yahoo.com/search/images?fr=slv2-&ei=UTF-8&p=volcano
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volcanoes and earthquakes (faults)
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Volcanoes occur in hotspots where the earths crust is thin, most often around subduction zones, or areas where the tectonic plates are colliding and one plate is sliding under the other. There are other places where volcanos or hotspots occur, such as Hawaii, but in that case the chain of islands known as Hawaii are being pushed north by the movement of the tectonic plate there. In fact right now there is another island being built beneath the ocean just south of the main island. The earth is slowly cooling though events such as these. Beneath the crust the magma is under intense pressure and it has to escape somewhere, so it does escape at these weak places in the earths crust which we call volcanos.\n\nOf course I could have just plagarized my answer like  mikah_nine, but instead I opted to answer from my own knowledge and even include a source.
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Shield volcanoes\n\nHawaii and Iceland are examples of places where volcanoes extrude huge quantities of lava that gradually build a wide mountain with a shield-like profile. Their lava flows are generally very hot and very fluid, contributing to long flows. The largest lava shield on Earth, Mauna Loa, rises over 9,000 m from the ocean floor, is 120 km in diameter and forms part of the Big Island of Hawaii. Olympus Mons is the largest shield volcano on Mars, and is the tallest mountain in the known solar system. Smaller versions of shield volcanoes include lava cones, and lava mounds.\n\nCinder cones\n\nVolcanic cones or cinder cones result from eruptions that throw out mostly small pieces of scoria and pyroclastics (both resemble cinders, hence the name of this volcano type) that build up around the vent. These can be relatively short-lived eruptions that produce a cone-shaped hill perhaps 30 to 400 m high. Most cinder cones erupt only once. Cinder cones may form as flank vents on larger volcanoes, or occur on their own. Paricutin in Mexico and Sunset Crater in Arizona are examples of cinder cones.\n\nStratovolcanoes\n\nThese are tall conical mountains composed of lava flows and other ejecta in alternate layers, the strata that give rise to the name. Stratovolcanoes are also known as composite volcanoes. Classic examples include Mt. Fuji in Japan, Mount Mayon in the Philippines, and Mount Vesuvius and Stromboli in Italy.\n\nSupervolcanoes\n\nSupervolcano is the popular term for large volcanoes that usually have a large caldera and can potentially produce devastation on an enormous, sometimes continental, scale. Such eruptions would be able to cause severe cooling of global temperatures for many years afterwards because of the huge volumes of sulfur and ash erupted that may block or partially block the sun. Examples include Yellowstone Caldera in Yellowstone National Park and Lake Toba in Sumatra, Indonesia. The Yellowstone volcano is the only dormant supervolcano in the world today. All the rest are long extinct. Supervolcanoes are hard to identify given their enormous areas covered. They are also known as flood basalt events due to the large amounts of basalt ejected.\n\nSubmarine volcanoes\n\nSubmarine volcanoes are common features on the ocean floor. Some are active and, in shallow water, disclose their presence by blasting steam and rocky debris high above the surface of the sea. Many others lie at such great depths that the tremendous weight of the water above them prevents the explosive release of steam and gases, although they can be detected by hydrophones and discoloration of water due to volcanic gases. Even large submarine eruptions may not disturb the ocean surface. Submarine volcanoes often form rather steep pillars and in due time, may break the ocean surface as new islands. Pillow lava is a common eruptive product of submarine volcanoes.\n\nSubglacial volcanoes\n\nSubglacial volcanoes develop underneath icecaps. They are made up of flat lava flows atop extensive pillow lavas and palagonite. When the icecap melts, the lavas on the top collapse leaving a flat-topped mountain. Then, the pillow lavas also collapse, giving an angle of 37.5 degrees. Very good examples of this can be seen in Iceland. These volcanoes are also called table volcanoes or mobergs.
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Sulfur can often be found around fumerals and hotsprings in highly volcanic areas.  If I remember correctly, I've seen some deposits in Yellowstone and in Hawaii Volcanos National Park.\n\nWikipedia has an article which describes other places to find sulfur.
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El Salvador which is located on the "belt of fire" in Central America.  It is a very small country (14, 718 square miles) and it has 14 volcanoes. So that is about one volcano per 1000 square mile. Anywere you go in the country you can see a volcano at all times.
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Volcanoes are usually situated either at the boundaries between tectonic plates or over geology hotspots. Volcanoes may be either dormant (having no activity) or active (near constant expulsion and occasional eruptions), and change state unpredictably.\n\nSurprisingly, there is no consensus among volcanologists on how to define an "active" volcano. The lifespan of a volcano can vary from months to several million years, making such a distinction sometimes meaningless when compared to the lifespans of humans or even civilizations. For example, many of Earth's volcanoes have erupted dozens of times in the past few thousand years but are not currently showing signs of activity. Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes, they are very active. By our lifespans, however, they are not. Complicating the definition are volcanoes that become restless but do not actually erupt. Are these volcanoes active?
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Here you go:\n\nhttp://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/msh/
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I couldn't find an exact number, but the source below gives an approximate number of total volcanoes, and the second source gives a breakdown by type of plate boundary.  Most of the eruptions have been for subduction, which means that a lot of volcanoes, at least the active ones, are composites.  My personal guess is that there are about 400 composites worldwide, the majority in the Ring of Fire.
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Geologists classify volcanoes in following ways:\n\nCinder cones are the simplest type of volcano. They are built from particles and blobs of congealed lava ejected from a single vent. As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as cinders around the vent to form a circular or oval cone. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit and rarely rise more than a thousand feet or so above their surroundings. Cinder cones are numerous in western North America as well as throughout other volcanic terrains of the world.\n\nSome of the Earth's grandest mountains are composite volcanoes--sometimes called stratovolcanoes. They are typically steep-sided, symmetrical cones of large dimension built of alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and bombs and may rise as much as 8,000 feet above their bases. Some of the most conspicuous and beautiful mountains in the world are composite volcanoes, including Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Cotopaxi in Ecuador, Mount Shasta in California, Mount Hood in Oregon, and Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier in Washington.\n\nShield volcanoes, the third type of volcano, are built almost entirely of fluid lava flows. Flow after flow pours out in all directions from a central summit vent, or group of vents, building a broad, gently sloping cone of flat, domical shape, with a profile much like that of a warrior's shield. They are built up slowly by the accretion of thousands of highly fluid lava flows called basalt lava that spread widely over great distances, and then cool as thin, gently dipping sheets. Lavas also commonly erupt from vents along fractures (rift zones) that develop on the flanks of the cone. Some of the largest volcanoes in the world are shield volcanoes. In northern California and Oregon, many shield volcanoes have diameters of 3 or 4 miles and heights of 1,500 to 2,000 feet. The Hawaiian Islands are composed of linear chains of these volcanoes including Kilauea and Mauna Loa on the island of Hawaii-- two of the world's most active volcanoes.\n\nVolcanic or lava domes are formed by relatively small, bulbous masses of lava too viscous to flow any great distance; consequently, on extrusion, the lava piles over and around its vent. A dome grows largely by expansion from within. As it grows its outer surface cools and hardens, then shatters, spilling loose fragments down its sides. Some domes form craggy knobs or spines over the volcanic vent, whereas others form short, steep-sided lava flows known as "coulees." Volcanic domes commonly occur within the craters or on the flanks of large composite volcanoes. The nearly circular Novarupta Dome that formed during the 1912 eruption of Katmai Volcano, Alaska, measures 800 feet across and 200 feet high.
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These plates mentioned above float on a sea of lava.  The volcanos that are found along the seams between the plates could actually happen anywhere, but they happen at the seams because there is less resistance to the pressure there.  It's like, there is water throughout all of the pipes in your home, but the most likely place they will develop a leak is at the joints.
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Depends on the composition of the magma.\n\nMagma high in silica tends to be thick & gas bubbles are trapped. The gas builds up & boom! Explosion.\n\nBasaltic lava tends to be "soupy" so that the gas bubbles escape. No explosions here.\n\n:)
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Supervolcanoes are volcanic eruptions where more than 1000 cubic kilometers of material is extruded. As a comparison, the Mount Helens eruption amounted to 2.3 cubic kms.\n\nThe following locations are known to be supervolcanoes:\n\n- Lake Toba, Sumatra, Indonesia - 75,000 years ago (2,800 km³)\n- Yellowstone, United States - 2.2 million years ago (2500 km³) and 640,000 years ago (1000 km³)\n-La Garita Caldera, Colorado, United States - 27.8 million years ago (over 5,000 km³)\n-Bruneau-Jarbidge, Idaho, United States - 10-12 million years ago (responsible for the Ashfall Fossil Beds 1600 km to the east)
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Like most of the interior of the earth, the movements and dynamics of magma are poorly understood. However, it is known that an eruption usually follows movement of magma upwards into the solid layer (the earth's crust) beneath a volcano and occupying a magma chamber. Eventually, magma in the chamber is forced upwards and flows out across the planet surface as lava, or the rising magma can heat water in the surrounding landform and cause explosive discharges of steam; either this or escaping gases from the magma can produce forceful ejections of rocks, cinders, volcanic glass, and/or volcanic ash also known as tephra. While always displaying powerful forces, eruptions can vary from effusive to extremely explosive.\n\nMost volcanoes on the land are formed at destructive plate margins: where oceanic crust is forced below the continental crust because oceanic crust is denser than continental crust. As the oceanic crust 'subducts', it is forced into a higher-temperature region called the asthenosphere, and melts. Friction between these moving plates may also be a cause of melting. The reduced density of the melting rock forces the newly formed magma to rise. As the magma rises through weak areas in the continental crust it may eventually erupt as one or more volcanoes. For example, Mount St. Helens is found inland from the margin between the oceanic Juan de Fuca Plate and the continental North American Plate. The oceanic crust is normally a highly-'mafic' (iron and magnesium rich) rock, but as it rises through granitic (more silicic) continental plates, it may cause 'partial melting' of both mantle rocks and the plate rocks, producing magmas of varying silicity. Volcanic arcs forming near subduction zones, on the edges of continental plates, usually form high-silicity (high-viscosity) stratovolcanoes. Examples include the South American Andes and the Cascade range.\n \nA volcano generally presents itself to the imagination as a mountain sending forth from its summit great clouds of smoke with vast sheets of flame. The truth is that a volcano seldom emits either smoke or flame, although various combinations of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and sulfur do sometimes ignite. What is mistaken for smoke consists of vast volumes of fine dust (called volcanic ash), mingled with steam and other vapors, chiefly sulfurous. Most of what appears to be flames is the glare from the erupting materials, glowing because of their high temperature; this glare reflects off the clouds of dust and steam, resembling fire.\n\nPerhaps the most conspicuous part of a volcano is the crater, a basin of a roughly circular shape, formed by a vent (or vents) from which magma erupts as gases, lava, and ejecta. A crater can be of large dimensions, and sometimes of vast depth. Very large features of this sort are termed calderas. Some volcanoes consist of a crater alone, with scarcely any mountain at all; but in the majority of cases the crater is situated on top of a mountain (the volcano), which can tower to an enormous height. Volcanoes that terminate in a principal crater are usually of a conical form.\n\nVolcanic cones are usually smaller features composed of loose ash and cinder, with occasional masses of stone which have been tossed violently into the air by the eruptive forces (and are thus called ejecta). Within the crater of a volcano there may be numerous cones from which vapours are continually issuing, with occasional volleys of ashes and stones. In some volcanoes these cones form lower down the mountain, along rift zones or fractures. When the cone is eroded these rifts or lava filled fractures remain as radial near vertical dikes of volcanic rock. For example the radiating dikes at Shiprock in NW New Mexico.