How can we make cloning legal?
925980
Well we personally can't .  If you really want it talk to your legislators.
421475
Because of the way a cloned human being would have to be made they would not be identical. To create a clone they inseminate an egg with the DNA of the person they wish to clone until it begins to devide and grow. Then the embryo is implanted into a woman's womb. There would be some gentic difference due to the influence of the egg and womb that the child developed in.
3468
A human clone, if succesful, is just a twin of the original person (but younger).  That's seems morally legitimate.  But today the success rate would be very low; some of the failures would be horrible birth defects.  So it would be unethical to attempt cloning a human today.  Eventually, if it could be done reliably, it would be ethical (but getting there from here seems awfully difficult).
563944
It depends on what kind of cloning. In any case, the first five steps are the same.\n\n1. retrieve an egg cell\n2. remove the nucleus of the egg cell\n3. retrieve a somatic cell of the individual whom you would like to clone (a somatic cell is any cell in your body that isnt an egg/sperm, since those are haploid. you need a diploid cell).\n4. insert the nucleus of the somatic cell into the enucleated egg cell (the egg cell will now "be tricked into thinking" it's fertilized and will begin to form an embryo).\n5. Provide growth factors needed to facilitate growth--allow embryo to grow to a blastocyst.\n\nAs for the 6th step, this is where it can differ. \n\nFor reproductive cloning: cloning through which a cloned individual is formed, the blastocyst which is formed is implanted into a surrogate womb of whatever animal/species you are trying to clone. Within the womb it continues to develop and the surrogate eventually gives birth to the cloned individual.\n\nIn therapeutic cloning, the next step involves the destruction of the embryo be removing the cells within the blastocyst. These cells are called stem cells and are very important for current research. These stem cells will have the same genetic information as the individual from which the somatic cell was taken. I wont really go into stem cell research, because that's a topic in and of itself.
749890
There are different types of cloning \n\n(1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning--The terms "recombinant DNA technology," "DNA cloning," "molecular cloning,"or "gene cloning" all refer to the same process: the transfer of a DNA fragment of interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid. The DNA of interest can then be propagated in a foreign host cell.\n\n\n(2) Reproductive cloning-- Reproductive cloning is a technology used to generate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as another currently or previously existing animal. Dolly was created by reproductive cloning technology.\n\n\nAnd (3) therapeutic cloning-- Therapeutic cloning, also called "embryo cloning," is the production of human embryos for use in research. The goal of this process is not to create cloned human beings, but rather to harvest stem cells that can be used to study human development and to treat disease. Stem cells are important to biomedical researchers because they can be used to generate virtually any type of specialized cell in the human body. Stem cells are extracted from the egg after it has divided for 5 days. The egg at this stage of development is called a blastocyst. The extraction process destroys the embryo, which raises a variety of ethical concerns. Many researchers hope that one day stem cells can be used to serve as replacement cells to treat heart disease, Alzheimer's, cancer, and other diseases. See more on the potential use of cloning in organ transplants. \n\n\nScientists hope that one day therapeutic cloning can be used to generate tissues and organs for transplants. To do this, DNA would be extracted from the person in need of a transplant and inserted into an enucleated egg. After the egg containing the patient's DNA starts to divide, embryonic stem cells that can be transformed into any type of tissue would be harvested. The stem cells would be used to generate an organ or tissue that is a genetic match to the recipient. In theory, the cloned organ could then be transplanted into the patient without the risk of tissue rejection. If organs could be generated from cloned human embryos, the need for organ donation could be significantly reduced. \n\nAdvantages-----\n---------------------\nTherapeutic cloning will in time allow scientists to create organs that are a perfect match for those in need of a transplant. The cloned organ would be based on the recipient’s genetic material and would not require the use of debilitating immunosuppressive therapies. There would also be no chance of rejection, which is fatal. Therapeutic cloning represents the ideal in organ transplantation, as it would provide an unlimited source of organs to anyone who needs them. The need for these organs is dire." \n\n\nEthical considerations:\n---------------------------------\nEthics become a concern because of the source of the stem cells. \n\nStem cells could be obtained from many sources. Three are:\n\n1.Embryos created during infertility treatment. These are sometimes called "spare embryos." They are usually frozen at a very low temperature in the event that they are needed in the future to attempt another a pregnancy. \n2.Embryos created for the purpose in the laboratory by manually fertilizing an ovum with donated sperm. \n3.From the germ cells or organs of an aborted fetus. These "appear to be limited in the type of tissue they can be developed into." \n\nUnfortunately, organs grown from stem cells from one of these sources would have foreign DNA that did not match the DNA of the organ recipient. The recipient would have to take anti-rejection drugs for the rest of their life and could suffer organ rejection at any time. \n\nThere are four other sources that would produce organs that are perfectly matched to the recipient's DNA. They would presumably prevent organ rejection:\n\n1.Via cell nuclear replacement. Th
550274
I am a genetic scientist and I think it should be done! Nobody can stop it. But the point is that building an ethical rules.
493684
Cloning has become a widely debated issue in the media since 1996, when a group of Scottish scientists led by Ian Wilmut cloned Dolly, a sheep that was the first clone of an adult mammal. The cloning process involves destroying the nucleus of an egg cell of the animal that will carry the clone and injecting a donor nucleus from the individual to be cloned into that egg cell. The resulting egg thus has a nucleus from the donor animal (which may be an endangered animal) and can develop into an animal that has the same genetic makeup as the donor, thus making the resulting offspring a clone.\n\nSince Dolly's appearance, a wide variety of uses for mammalian cloning have been proposed, including using cloned animals to produce superior livestock and to simplify the process of creating transgenic animals (genetically modified animals that can make human proteins in their milk, for example). Several groups have suggested cloning endangered or recently extinct species. A company called Advanced Cell Technology used a cow named Bessie to clone an Asian gaur, an endangered oxlike animal native to India and Burma (the cloned gaur died of an ordinary disease two days after his birth). Scientists also hope to move on to cloning extinct animals, perhaps starting with the cloning of the now-extinct bucardo mountain goat from Spain; scientists froze some tissue from the last living animal before the species became extinct.\n\nCloning endangered and extinct species has raised heated debate in the scientific community and beyond. On the one hand, many say it may offer us an opportunity to protect animals such as the giant panda from extinction so that our descendants will be able to see the beauty of these creatures. Some claim that cloning may help us bring back recently extinct species. Still others just want to have an opportunity to see a mammoth. (By the way, cloning mammoths from tissues frozen in Siberian permafrost is considered impossible with the current techniques because their DNA has become fragmented. In addition, scientists do not think that fossilized species such as dinosaurs can be cloned.) Indeed, if successful cloning of an endangered or recently extinct species is possible, we may be able to boost the populations of these animals.\n\nOn the other hand, cloned populations consist of genetically identical individuals, leading to high susceptibility to many diseases and slow adaptation to the environment. In addition, some argue that introducing extinct species back into the wild may upset the natural balance and have disastrous effects on the populations of other species. Such concerns are probably not as relevant with recently extinct species, where their extinction has usually been caused by human interventions, such as destruction of habitats and hunting. We do have to consider such issues when we start talking about bringing back mammoths, but the cloning of long-extinct species is still only a theoretical possibility. Concerns remain, however, that endangered and recently extinct species could be brought back to a world where their habitats no longer exist, and they will only be able to survive in zoos.\n\nAnother concern voiced by animal conservationists is that cloning endangered species would be viewed by the public (and governments) as an alternative to the breeding and habitat-protection programs already in place. Such possibilities are especially alarming as cloning techniques become cheaper and may be viewed as a less costly alternative to the more traditional means of protecting endangered species. Of course, cloning cannot serve as a substitute for such programs, because cloned animals lack the genetic diversity that is crucial to survival, and they still need habitats to live in.\n\nAs you can see, cloning is far from being able to serve as a Noah's Ark that would save all endangered species from extinction, but together with habitat protection and breeding programs, it may help some endangered and rece
263964
Absolutely, I suggest\n\nYang X, Tian XC, (2002). Cloning adult animals - what is the genetic age of the clones? Cloning, 2(3):123-8. \n\nThat is an almost perfect review!\n\n:-) Happy reading!
270273
I think you could only if you integrated the necessary necromantic rituals into the cloning process.  You could clone the tissue, but it would grow as a living creature.  You'd then have to euthanize it and then raise it from the dead.
694664
(this is an ad-hoc answer for an ad-hoc question)\n\n - because cloning is good - because no one wants to die or have to amputate something or live impared.
537397
Cloning is a method of reproduction used to copy a cell or an individual (producing a clone) from their DNA . Except when there are errors or mutations during copying, a clone is genetically identical to the original: it has the same DNA. In nature, certain non-sexual species, like bacteria, employ cloning for reproduction.
1133910
DNA has already been cloned, so your question is meaningless. This was done in bacteria over 40 years ago, and is how human insulin is now produced en masse.
851487
Apple doesn't allow it, you must get everything from Apple, there are no Apple clones, Apple prosecutes anyone who trys.
1106458
No, because cloning is a duplication of your DNA. So if your clone commits a crime, they may charge YOU for it because it's your DNA and they know it's yours!\n\nHowever, to clone plants and organs (like stem cells) would be ok because it would further our knowledge of science and benefit us. For example, cloning good crops would ensure that the crops would have the DNA that makes it grow well, and stem cells allow us to create organs that can save us in the case that we need an organ or something to be replaced.
766849
Look this\n http://library.thinkquest.org/20830/Frameless/Manipulating/Experimentation/Cloning/longdoc.htm\n\nand this\nhttp://www.vuhs.org/apbio/clone/history.htm
110014
1)Cloning isn’t very successful. Currently scientists have to attempt to produce hundreds of clones just to get one success. The rest of the clones either resulting a spontaneous abortion or else are deformed deformed and die or are euthanased shortly after birth. Obviously we can’t ethically apply such a technique to human babies, even if we could find women willing to carry children with a high probability of miscarriage or being born deformed.\n\n2)It’s a worthless exercise. Genetics is only a small part of  what makes someone intelligent. Environmental effects such as diet, childhood stimulation, education and upbringing are far more important.  Even if we could clone Einstein we almost certainly wouldn’t end up with anyone of any great ability.\n\n3)It’s ethically and legally impossible. Einstein gave consent for organ harvesting, he never gave consent to being cloned. You simply can’t do this legally, which means it could only possibly be achieved by a Mad Doctor, possibly using a lightning rod. Possibly working a a castle on a high peak in Transylvania. Necessarily with an assistant named Igor.\n\n4)It’s physically impossible, at least with modern technology. Cloning requires live cells. Al has been dead for some time. Even if technology reaches appoint where we can clone animals form dead cells we still won’t be able to use remains that have been pickled in formaldehyde like Al because formaldehyde destroys DNA. Maybe in another 50 years or so we will have the technology tot allow use to reconstitute shattered DNA, but not today.
361439
Introduction\nThe possibility of human cloning, raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep "Dolly" (Nature 385, 810-13, 1997), aroused worldwide interest and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications. The feat, cited by Science magazine as the breakthrough of 1997, also generated uncertainty over the meaning of "cloning" --an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. \n\n\nWhat is cloning? Are there different types of cloning?\nWhen the media report on cloning in the news, they are usually talking about only one type called reproductive cloning. There are different types of cloning however, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. A basic understanding of the different types of cloning is key to taking an informed stance on current public policy issues and making the best possible personal decisions. The following three types of cloning technologies will be discussed: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, (2) reproductive cloning, and (3) therapeutic cloning. \n\n\nRecombinant DNA Technology or DNA Cloning \n\nThe terms "recombinant DNA technology," "DNA cloning," "molecular cloning,"or "gene cloning" all refer to the same process: the transfer of a DNA fragment of interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid. The DNA of interest can then be propagated in a foreign host cell. This technology has been around since the 1970s, and it has become a common practice in molecular biology labs today. \n\nScientists studying a particular gene often use bacterial plasmids to generate multiple copies of the same gene. Plasmids are self-replicating extra-chromosomal circular DNA molecules, distinct from the normal bacterial genome (see image to the right). Plasmids and other types of cloning vectors are used by Human Genome Project researchers to copy genes and other pieces of chromosomes to generate enough identical material for further study. \n\nTo "clone a gene," a DNA fragment containing the gene of interest is isolated from chromosomal DNA using restriction enzymes and then united with a plasmid that has been cut with the same restriction enzymes. When the fragment of chromosomal DNA is joined with its cloning vector in the lab, it is called a "recombinant DNA molecule." Following introduction into suitable host cells, the recombinant DNA can then be reproduced along with the host cell DNA. See a diagram depicting this process. \n\nPlasmids can carry up to 20,000 bp of foreign DNA. Besides bacterial plasmids, some other cloning vectors include viruses, bacteria artificial chromosomes (BACs), and yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs). Cosmids are artificially constructed cloning vectors that carry up to 45 kb of foreign DNA and can be packaged in lambda phage particles for infection into E. coli cells. BACs utilize the naturally occurring F-factor plasmid found in E. coli to carry 100 to 300 kb DNA inserts. A YAC is a functional chromosome derived from yeast that can carry up to 1 MB of foreign DNA. Bacteria are most often used as the host cells for recombinant DNA molecules, but yeast and mammalian cells also are used.\n\n\nReproductive Cloning\n\nCelebrity Sheep Has Died at Age 6\n\nDolly, the first mammal to be cloned from adult DNA, was put down by lethal injection Feb. 14, 2003. Prior to her death, Dolly had been suffering from lung cancer and crippling arthritis. Although most Finn Dorset sheep live to be 11 to 12 years of age, postmortem examination of Dolly seemed to indicate that, other than her cancer and arthritis, she appeared to be quite normal. The unnamed sheep from which Dolly was cloned had died several years prior to her creation. Dolly was a mother to six lambs, bred the old-fashion