how can I buy an oxygen reduction cathode for use in membrane chlor-alkali technology ?
925200
The scientific supply companies like VWR probably have them.\n\nI searched for "oxygen reduction potential electrode" and got a bunch of hits.  Try that.\n\nYou'll also need a meter to attach it to.  Many better pH meters can handle this kind of probe as well.
99748
about 3.2VDC using CaCl3 for the electrolytic salt.\nThe voltage needed must be enough to reduce the oxide, but not so much as to break down the CaCl3; the details are described in the link below:
301007
http://www.alkaseltzer.com/home/default.htm\nTry this.
155042
It depends on what chemicals you need. Sigma-Aldrich corp. is a common supplier of a variety of chemicals for scientific research, and it has numerous representatives in Europe. However, research-grade chemicals are quite expensive; maybe for a school project you can find lower purity and cheaper reagents. You should ask your school chemistry teacher about that.
1177272
Chlorine gas can be produced by the electrolysis of Sodium Chlo rid (Salt) , Chlorine gas is used as disinfectant for water , the products of electrolysis of salt are, chlorine gas which liquefied and filled in cylinders, Caustic Soda, HCl . clorox which is a trade name for sodium hypochlorite Na0Cl(4%solution ) is used for household uses , produced by the reaction of chlorine with caustic soda and diluted with distilled water.
317786
http://www.electrospec.com/electronic/components-parts/index350.html\n\ntry here!!
262198
barracuda \nalso they come out with a thing called a floatron that eliminates need for chemicals by putting electrons in the water it is solar powered and lifetime warranty \nit works great i bought one 2 years ago and never bought chemicals again ( about 300 dollars but it pays for itself)
337088
try www.airgas.com  and not a bad price either.
415884
Check this link:\n\nhttp://72.14.203.104/search?q=cache:Hb_4_LKfVd4J:www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/progress05/vi_b_1_wu.pdf+how+to+make+sodium+borohydride%3F&hl=en&gl=in&ct=clnk&cd=7&client=firefox-a
197600
try carboncreations.com
749628
from my chemistry days we would use a 250 ml GLASS beaker and two GLASS testtubes to conduct electrolysis of water but it was only temporary the hydrogen would eventualy escape. now how to keep it pressurized is a little bit harder good luck finding that out.
208085
http://www.chemicool.com/
920192
You can't buy elemental chlorine, you'll never find, chlorine is found as a diatomic molecular gas (Cl2) and since this is a homework problem, here are some websites you can go to find out, \n\n\nwww.aldrich.com\nwww.chemfinder.com (type in cl2 then click on the purchase button)\nor google it
792557
ok, here ya go:\n\nhttp://www.fuelcellsworks.com/Supppage5336.html
95444
Some tips...\n--Use a strong electrolyte (substances that will break up into ions [almost] completely in solution), the higher the concentration, the better.  Also you need to be careful on which electrolyte you choose.\n--Try not to use an over volttage (a voltage over the minimum necesary to electrolisize the water.  Insread, try to use a very high current, higher current = more production of gasses.  To increase current without increasing voltage, reduce resistance.\n--Place the electrodes close together to reduce internal resistance in the cell.\n\nEven by doing these things, you cannot hope to get much better than about 50% efficency doing water electrolysis, maybe 65% if you are good.\n\nThere are yahoo groups out there devoted to just such a tast as Hydrogen production through water electrolysis (I have one infact), they can also give advice based on experience.
227718
to my surprise, there appear to be many sites that sell such equipment; check it out:\nhttp://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=vacuum+bellow+gatan+ion+mill&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8
365248
Fuel Cell is a device in which the energy of a chemical reaction is converted directly into electricity. Unlike a battery, a fuel cell does not run down; it operates as long as fuel and an oxidant are supplied continuously from outside the cell. Several companies are developing fuel cells that they hope will replace conventional internal-combustion engines in automobiles over the next few decades.\n\nHydrogen Fuel Cells:\n\nIn a hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell’s anode, and an oxidant, commonly the oxygen present in air, is supplied to the cathode. The fuel cell strips electrons from the hydrogen atoms. These electrons move from the anode through the electric circuit to the cathode, creating an electric current that can be tapped to provide power. The electron-deficient hydrogen atoms meanwhile pass through the electrolyte to the cathode. There the electrons that passed through the circuit recombine with the electron-deficient hydrogen atoms. Oxygen (from the air) reacts with this reformed hydrogen, producing water. Water produced at the cathode has to be removed continuously to avoid flooding the cell.\n\nHydrogen fuel cells hold great promise as low-pollution automobile engines if certain difficulties can be overcome. Water, the only waste product of a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, is nonpolluting and can be used to cool the engine. The oxygen the cells need is readily available in air. Hydrogen, however, is not so readily available, and there is no existing delivery system to convey hydrogen to all the places people would need it to power their cars. In addition, pure hydrogen is not abundant enough to provide power for all the cars on the road today. Instead, hydrogen would need to be extracted from other substances, a process that requires energy. This energy could conceivably be provided by nonpolluting and sustainable energy resources, such as wind or solar power