Explain the octane rating system used in gasoline, and the prupose of additives in fuel. (see below for more.)
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The octane number just means the percent octane that the gas is.  A higher octane number burns better, but is more expensive.  The normal (cheapest) gas is 87 octane, which means it is 87% octane and 13% heptane.\nFuel addatives either increase fuel economy or the life of the engine.  They help the fuel burn better
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These answers are all correct yet incomplete.\n\nFor complete combustion of a hydrocarbon (the major components of gasoline are hydrocarbons), the products are water and carbon dioxide.\n\nHowever, combustion in the everyday use of gasoline is not necessarily complete, and the products due to incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon are water and carbon monoxide.\n\nAlso, in theory, the combustion occurs when oxygen and hydrocarbon are chemcally reacted with each other.  However, in practice, the oxygen supply comes from air, which is predominantly nitrogen, and the heat of combustion will contribute to the combustion of the nitrogen.  The products of combustion of nitrogen are NO2 and NO3, commonly known as NOx.\n\nThe main fact left out in the previous answers, are that gasoline is not solely composed of hydrocarbons.  In addition to the fuel additives, which are predominantly formed from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, there are also sulfur-containing organic compounds that are considered impurities (ie, could not be removed during the refining process).  The products of the combustion of these sulfur-containing compounds are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water, and SO2 and SO3, commonly called SOx.\n\nCombustion of gasoline will also have particulate matter as a byproduct. Is is similar to smoke you see when burning any fuel.  Incomplete or inefficient combustion can lead to small amounts of carbon not being oxidized, leaving carbon dust, or coke, as a product.  This dust can also be a carrier for other pollutants or by-products and depending upon particle size, can be very harmful to human respiratory health.\n\nFinally, since some of the fuel may not be completely combusted, volatile organic compounds, or VOCs, will be products as well.
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I'm already half way there; a Vapor Chamber that converts Regular Pump Gasoline into Propane.The Problem is that it's Illegal to change anything on any Car from 1996 to the present, even if Emissions are Lowered, and Fuel Economy is Improved.100 parts of Air to 1 Part of Fuel, instead of 14.7 Parts of Air to 1 Part of Fuel, which is the Law! I've already built the Vaporizer Chamber, which is a Really Cool Gadget, and burning less Fuel would definitely make Life easier!
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Premium fuel is not always best for every engine. Premium fuel can actually lower the performance of some engines.\n\nDifferent engines require different fuels. I have a Mustang GT that is a high performance car. However, the owner's manual clearly states to only use regular fuel with an octane rating of 87.\n\nI also own a Kawasaki motorcycle. The owner's manual clearly recommends to use a premium fuel with a 93 octane rating.
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i would guess D ethanol ch3ch2oh \nc is a gas propane\nand b diethyl ether is more volitile the d
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No, water (H2O) and Gasoline [mostly Octane] (C8H18) are quite different on a molecular level,\nFor one, water has no carbon, and Octane has no Oxygen.
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Carbon rating is similar to Octane number.  Octane Number = Carbon rating of a gases quality / 100.  (The octane rating of gasoline tells you how much the fuel can be compressed before it spontaneously ignites. When gas ignites by compression or a spark source, and the bonds inbetween the hydrocarbons are broken, a certain amount of energy is released. The more bonds in the hydrocarbon chain that can be broken in this combustion event, the higher the carbon rating and the more bang for your buck.) Out of 100% of combusting gasoline fuel for example, 0% heptane is a very poor source of energy and pumps wouldn't dare try to sell it as useable fuel. While a rating of 86, 87, 88 / 100 is pretty good, hence the rating at the pump. \n\nSo, I guess you can think of the carbon rating of a fuel as the percent efficiency of that fuel during 100% combustion.
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It varies with the grade produced.  This example is is 94.5 nitromethane with nitroethane and nitropropane.  I doubt there is any measurable amount of propane left in the commercial product.
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I like the idea of Bio fuel, you can make a low octane fuel from all kinds of agricultural bi-products. We happen to be really good at agriculture
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additives like octain boost will not improve the power of your engine. The engine is designed to run the octain specified in your owners manual. I would recomend that you try some fuel injector cleaner in your gas. The thing that I think will work best is a fuel induction service made by a company named "BG". BG fuel induction service can be done at a local auto repair shop. I'm a machanic and I've done many fuel induction services and seen very positive results. It cleans out the carbon build up on the valves and in the combustion chambers. I would also recomend a new fuel filter every 30,000 miles. Good luck
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that's bad...  Methane is CH4, propane is C3H8, and octane is C8H18... the rule to find the number of H in an alkane (single bonded Carbons) is 2N+2 where N is the number of carbon atoms... Methane is 1, ethane is 2, propane 3, butane 4, pentane 5, hexane 6, septane 7, octane 8, nonane 9, decane 10, etc....
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Ethanol increases the Octane rating of a fuel without the problems of some of the other things they put in to do so (tetra-ethyl lead or its various carcenogenic replacements) as well as being grown in the country where it is being sold (instead of shipped from countries which provide funding for terrorists).\n\nEthanol also tends to burn a bit cleaner than most of the other stuff in petrol although it does reduce fuel economy slightly.
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how is it used - it is simply added to the mixture\n\nperhaps you wished to know the why?\n\nit is used mainly because the average explosion is not perfect, and cannot 'grasp' as many oxygen molecules from its surrounding as possible in such a short time period of an explosion. Since the explosion can't 'breathe' enough oxygen on its own, the maker of the explosion basically gives it little oxygen packs - a chemical that is added for the sole purpose of putting more oxygen in the mixture, to make the boom, oh so much bigger\n\nother forms of oxidizers: \n\nperchlorates are a big one commonly used
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The role of ethanol in gasoline/petrol is that of improving the "research octane number" and thus giving a more efficient burn. Removing the ethanol from the fuel will give rise to the phenomenom of engine knocking and a very inefficent energy transfer ratio.\nzun_noon answer is correct in that there is no ethanol in gasoline/petrol, but it can be used as a fuel additive.  Ethanol is not essentially beer but is found in beer as ethanol is a pure alcohol and you wouldnt want this in your beer.
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Gasoline is made up of hundreds of components.  Too long to list.\n\nIn short, here are the names of just a few compounds in gasoline:\n\nBenzene\nToluene\nXylene\nethylbenzene\n1-methylbenzene\nn-propylbenzene\n1-methyl-3-ethylbenzene\n1-methyl-4-ethylbenzene\n1,3,5-trimethylbenzene\n1,2,3-trimethylbenzene\nnaphtalene\npentamethylbenzene\nC10, C11, C12 benzenes\nmethanol\nbutane\nnaptha\nethanol\nisopropanol\nt-butanol\nn-propanol\nMTBE\nsec-butanol\nDIPE\nisobutanol\nETBE\nt-amyl-alcohol\nn-butanol\nTAME\n\nThose are just a few components in gasoline.  \n\nNow, if you want the complete list, go buy yourself a $55,000 gas cromatograph, set it up for gasoline component detection and have a blast.
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did you mean rc nitro fule.\n\n\nAn Overview of RC Nitro Fuel\n\nNow that we've looked at a basic overview of a typical nitro rc engine, we need to touch upon the special rc nitro fuel required by these engines.  Nitro fuel It is NOT gasoline!  Never try to feed a rc nitro engine gasoline, because it will cause all sorts of problems.  Besides, it won't work anyway!  \n\nRC nitro fuel is made up of a custom blend of 3 primary components:\n\n1) NITROMETHANE.  Also commonly referred to as NITRO for short.  Nitromethane is derived from propane.  In itself, nitro is not even extremely flammable as one might think.  The real power producing potential of nitromethane is that it carries additional oxygen with it into the combustion process.  It acts as a fuel too, but the molecule carries oxygen along with it.  In a way, nitromethane is sort of like a chemical "supercharger" for an engine.  It helps get more oxygen into the engine to help burn more fuel and produce more power.  For the most nitro engine used in RC trucks, a 20% nitro blend is probably a good balance.  Most nitro engines in cars and trucks could probably tolerate fuels with up to 30% nitro, but it's probably best to avoid going much over that in a typical nitro engine.  20% nitro is probably one of the most common fuel blends for rc truck nitro engines, and would be a safe choice for most people.  Follow the recommendations of your engine manufacturer, and you should be safe.\n\n2) METHANOL.  Methanol is sometimes referred to as "wood alcohol" because originally it was derived from distilled wood products.  However, methanol can be made from more than one source, and today it is very commonly derived from natural gas.  Methanol is the primary fuel component of nitro fuels and is usually also the most dominant ingredient in a nitro fuel mixture.  Methanol is also a common fuel used in full size motorsports and racing.  The methanol has a natural intercooling effect that helps to cool both the intake air/fuel mixture which means cooler, denser (more oxygen) and more power potential.  Also, the evaporative cooling effect of methanol can help keep engine temps running cooler than other fuels.  Methanol contains the primary energy content of nitro fuels.          \n\n3) OIL.  The oil portion of the nitro fuel blend is very interesting.  Over the years, there has been much debate and changing recommendations.  First there was castor oil.  Then there were synthetics.  Some fuels have been blended with all castor oil and some with all synthetic oils.  Today, most nitro fuels contain a combination of both synthetic and castor oil.  Castor oil is a naturally occurring oil that is derived from a plant.  It is a natural lubricant that has some very unique properties.  When subjected to higher temperatures, castor oils will actually begin to break down.  Normally, this would be a bad thing for a lubricant to do in an internal combustion engine.  However, in the case of castor oil, this "breaking down" is one of it's greatest strengths!  When castor oil breaks down at high temperatures, it's properties change and it's high temperature lubricating properties actually increase!  As engine temperatures go up further, the castor oil continues to break down and forms a lubricating film that actually protects the engine better.  In the process, this film or residue (like varnish) can also gum up the engine and cause other problems.  On the other hand, synthetic oils typically are much cleaner and normally do not leave residues behind.  Synthetic oils can help lubricating metal surfaces at higher RPM's when temperatures are lower.  However, when temperatures rise, synthetic oils can break down and actually burn off leaving little protection for the engine.  So, there are strengths and weaknesses of both castor and synthetic oils.  Thankfully, most modern rc trucks run on nitro fuel blends that utilize the strengths of each type of o
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Question -   HOW MANY GAL.OF CRUDE OIL IN A BARREL? HOW MANY GAL OF GAS\nDOES THAT EQUAL?\n-----------------\nThere are 42 gallons / barrel of crude oil. The conversion to gasoline\ndepends upon several factors -- refining efficiency, product mix desired by\nthe refiner, quality of the crude to name a few. The following sites provide\nadditional info.\n\n http://www.petroleum.org/petrokids/petroperbbl.htm\nhttp://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/gen99/gen99675.htm\n\nVince Calder\n=====================================================\nA barrel contains 42 gallons.  After refining, it makes about 19.5 gallons\nof gasoline in addition to numerous other products such as heating oil..\n\nIf you can get to the web,\nhttp://www.petroleum.org/petrokids/petroperbbl.htm\nhas many interesting numbers related to your question.\n\nBest, Dick Plano, Professor of Physics emeritus, Rutgers University\n=====================================================\nBernie,\n\nMost of us know that the standard measure for petrol products, crude, light\nsweet etc... is the BBL (barrel).  This is exactly equal to 42 gallons.\nWhether it is milk or molten uranium or gas or crude oil...1 BBL (barrel) is\n42 gallon (US)\n\nI do not know the exact ratio of octane 87 gas to brent oil, light sweet\nblend, or crude oil.  This is because "OIL" is made up of many constituents.\nIt has many long changed hydrocarbons that determine its energy content.\nRefineries of the OPEC nations, or just in general already know this from\nyears of experience.  In order to not waste any of the crude oil, chemical\nengineers will perform hydro-cracking which will cleave the longer (CRUDEr)\noil chains into smaller more volatile compounds.  Why is this done?  This is\ndone so that while distilling the "OIL" engineers will not be able to\nseparate the oil with greater ease and efficiency.\n\nSomeone once told me that there was a rule of thumb for how many gallons of\n"gasoline" you can get from one gallon of crude.  I don't wish to repeat it\nsince I don't recall which blend it was for.  I hope that I've helped you\nsome even though I haven't fully answered your 2nd question.\n\nRegards,\nDarin\n=====================================================\nMy old CRC chemical handbook has it that a US petroleum barrel is exactly 42 gallons.\n\nCrude oil gets changed into petroleum gas, gasoline, oils, tar, and asphalt.\nThe total volume of the non-gaseous products will be not much different than the crude \nvolume.\n\nWhat percentage do they refine into gasoline? I don't know yet.\nAnything from 30-70% wouldn't surprise me.\nThey have both choices and pressures as to what product to make from crude.\n( See http://www.oiltycoon.com/htp/refining.html)\nA person at www.elitetrader.com/vb/showthread.php?threadid=33287 says it's about 2/3.\nThe other product made from the remaining 1/3 of a barrel gets sold too.\n\nSo that would be roughly 28 gallons of gasoline from each barrel of oil.