In extraction experiements, why is it important to know the densities of the two solvents being used?
929951
Because you have to know which is the top and which is the bottom layer. \n\nFor example, if you're using diethyl ether to extract something from water, the density of water is 1.00g/mL and of ether 0.71g/mL. So if you shake up a mixture of water and ether, the water will settle to the bottom and the ether will collect on top. You open a stopcock ("faucet") on the bottom of your vessel and let the water drain out and stop before the ether goes. \n\nIf you're using chloroform to extract from waster, the density of chloroform, is 1.48. So after shaking, it's the chloroform that winds up on the bottom.\n\nThe other solvent should not be too close to 1.00g/mL, because you'll get a liquid mush that doesn't separate into layers.
653092
A 30% Acetic Acid solution has a density of 1.05 g/mL.  Water has a density of 1.0 g/mL.  So it is reasonable to assume that Acetic acid ("vinegar") is more dense than water, but the two are very, very close indeed.\n\nWhen you dissolve Acetic acid in water, the two mix to form a solution.  It is not easy to distill away the acetic acid from the water.\n\nJust because something is more/less dense than water does not necesarily mean it has a lower/higher boiling point.
414947
Osmolarity is in units of mol/L, while osmolality is in units of mol/kg. If the solvent for the solution is water, then there is no need for conversion, since 1 L of water weighs about 1 kg. So 0.5 molar solution of NaCl or any other substance will also be a 0.5 molal solution if the solvent is water.\n\nIf the solvent is not water (alcohol, benzene, etc) then you must convert the mol/L into mol/kg. The easiest way to do this is to find out what the solvent's density is.\n\nFor example: imagine you have a 0.500 molar solution of napthalene dissolved in benzene. That means that there is 0.500 moles of napthalene for every 1 liter of benzene (since we are talking about molarity). The density of benzene is 0.8765 g/ml, which is equivalent to 0.8675 kg/L. So use the density to help you solve for the molality:\n\nMOLARITY / DENSITY = MOLALITY\n\nIn our example:\n\n0.500 mol napthalene/L       \n------------------\n0.8675 kg/L\n\nThe liters cancel out and you are left with the units of mol/kg (molality). In this case, the answer is 0.576 mol/kg.
905387
Molarity is simple.  The formula is Moles of Solute divided by Liters of solution. \n\nThe solute is the smaller amount, if you get confused with the solute and solvent.  Many times the solvent is water.
821324
the powder is the solute and the water added is the solvent.
645900
Boyles Law PV/T I think. Anyway it has to do with the relationship of Pressure to Volume. If one increases the other decreases. Its useful in industry in making liquid Nitrogen and has endless applications in dealing with gasses in Chemisrty and Physics.
1082160
Those processes take special equipment. But generally, one takes a sample, boils it with the addition of either a solvent or an acid (depending what one is extracting) which releases the oils. From there, the solution may have to be dried, distilled, separated, or all three. HOWEVER, it absolutely requires that specialized equipment. ATTEMPTING an extraction without the right tools, protective gear, chemicals, forethought, planning, procedure, technique, and disposal could result in not only undesired products, but health concerns and issues ranging from burns, loss of conciousness, poisoning, carcenogenic effects, and even loss of life. It is highly not recommended to undertake the procedure if any  of these requisites are missing or lacking.
1093429
Well I'm not sure about gravimetric - I've never heard of that before.\n\nBut with volumetric analysis you can used molar ratios to get from one volume of a substance to another.\n\nVolume of substance --> 22.4 L to make into mole of substance ---> use molar ratio of the 2 substances ---> then use 22.4 L to get to the unknown volume of another substance.\n\nSorry if its confusing - hope it helped!
124349
The mass of any substance depends on how much you have of it, it is not a fixed amount.\nYou may be thinking of density perhaps?  The density of a substance is equal to its mass divided by its volume (D=m/v), density is the same for a given substance no matter how much you have.\nIf by chance you are talking about density, probably the most important liquid to know would be water with a density of 1 g/mL at room temperature.
89875
A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. The most common solvent in everyday life is water. The term organic solvent refers to most other solvents that are organic compounds and contain carbon atoms. Solvents usually have a low boiling point and evaporate easily or can be removed by distillation, thereby leaving the dissolved substance behind. Solvents should therefore not react chemically with the dissolved compounds — they have to be inert. Solvents can also be used to extract soluble compounds from a mixture, the most common example is the brewing of coffee or tea with hot water. Solvents are usually clear and colorless liquids and most of them have a characteristic odor. The concentration of a solution is the amount of compound that is dissolved in a certain volume of solvent. The solubility is the maximal amount of compound that is soluble in a certain volume of solvent at a specified temperature.\n\nThe link below will have resources on specific solvents and their behavior.
921065
you know you have got 152g total. So 1.8g/ml means you have got 152/1.8 for volume.Now just use MW KOH. Molarity will be moles KOH per litre, molality will be moles KOH/kg of solvent and Normality in this case will be the same as molarity but written  with symbol N.\n\nAs an aside the density of this solution would not be anywhere near 1.8g/ml, are you sure you have this right?
893997
maximum moles per liter or maximum grams per liter would do.\n\nBut since solubility changes with temperature, you need to specify the temperature too, typically 0, 4, or 20 degrees Celsius depending on the solvent.  0 C is the freezing point of water so that is not a good temperature to use for water as a solvent.\n\nThe second poster is correct in saying that density is grams per liter if he means that as a ratio.  But if you know the density and you have a fixed volume you know the amount by mass (grams) dissolved in that volume, and that is the solubility.  It is common practice to express solubility in terms of mass, but since the molar mass provides an easy switch to moles, it is a trivial point of whether it is mass or moles we are talking about.\n\nBut to be exact, according to the CRC, p 8-122, all solubility values are expressed as mass percent of solute, 100xw2, where w2 = m2/(m1 + m2).  m2 is the mass (grams) of the solute and m1 is the mass (grams) of the water, or whatever your solvent is.
1014249
um you need to know the density of the methamphetamine precursors in the bi-layered solution and the subsequent reactions and distillations that were used to process the result.
951269
For all practical purposes, if a solution is saturated (can not dissolve any more) it is full and all others will fall to the bottom, undissolved. \n\nRealistically a small (very small) amount of the other powder could dissolve if it had different enough properties.
1038474
http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/howtosolveit/Solutions/concentrations.html
1171846
it depend on your solution. if your solvent was water you have some solids that disperse in it with different rate and different quality for more detect the solution(solvent) and contact me
1105402
One amount of the oil to double the amount of carrier oil or of course two parts.\nIt's to make sure the complete mixture isn't too strong