What was Anton van Leeuwenhoek one of the first to see in the 1600s?
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Using his handcrafted microscopes he was the first to observe and describe single celled organisms, which he originally referred to as animalcules, and which we now refer to as microorganisms. He was also the first to record microscopic observations of muscle fibers, bacteria, spermatozoa and blood flow in capillaries (small blood vessels).
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it was leeuwenhoek.e also observed blood cells,sperm cells etc.That is why he is called the father of microscopy.
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Heel klein beetje -- I studied it years ago, but I have forgotten most of it.  Just need a couple months in Holland....that should bring most of it back!  :-)\n\nTot ziens!
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Orange is the Netherlands' national colour because of the house of Orange, the Dutch royal line. William of Orange (William I, prince of Orange 1533-84) was the principal founder of Dutch independence in 1597. The current Queen Beatrix van Oranje-Nassau (of Orange-Nassau) belongs to the house of Orange and the Dutch flag, which is red, white and blue (like the French but turned 90 degrees), has an orange banner.
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The scientist who first discovered the microbial life was Antony Van Leeuwenhoek". He is called as the Father of Microbiology.
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No, seventeenth century.
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It was Hans van Breukelen.
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Baroque music, art and architecture all started right around the same time, 1600.  To put it simply, they were a kind of reaction against the purity of Renaissance forms which had by that time been distorted into the style called Mannerism (El Greco's and Parmegiano's (forgive any spelling errors) elongated figures and Geusaldo's bizarre polyphony are examples).\n\nBaroque was an attempt to start anew.  In painting and sculpture this meant replacing the "classical" appearance of the Renaissance with theatrical compositions.  Another feature was emphasis on light in addition to figures, especially contrast between dark and light such as the sun shingon storm clouds.  This is called "chiaroscuro."  Still another was use of models dressed in either contemporary clothing or clothes resembling theater outfits in biblical and historical paintings.\n\nIn music, Baroque started by replacing polyphony (motets, masses and madrigals sung by voices alone or just doubled with instruments) with a new form called "concertante."  This stressed use of intruments playing separate parts from the voices, double choirs or soloists singing against a choir instead of polyphony, and new forms of music like opera and instrumental sonatas (both forms were in fasct invented almost exactly around 1600).\n\nAs time went on barqoue art and music became richer and more complex.  Music began to emphasize counterpoint again, like that of the Renaissance, but in much more complex forms, such as Bach's fugues.  Art and architecture got more decorative to the point of being lush.  Eventually, during the time of Louis XV in France, the styles got so feminine and playful that they took on the new name "Rococco."  (the paintings of Boucher or a Louis XV room done in gold ormoulu and gilt walls are examples) This happened somewhat later in music and was not as clearly noticeable.\n\nAround 1760 or so, people who were influenced by writers like Voltaire, Rousseau, and Schiller began to think of baroque as being too ornate, unnataural, and too associated with royalty.  There was a rebellion against the style which was replaced a new structure called classicism.
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I think you mean Desiderius Erasmus. He was a prominent Dutch humanist, theologian and philosopher who lived in the 15th and 16th centuries.
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The first known telescope was built by Hannes Lippershey, a Dutch optician, in early 1608.  Other opticians followed, and he sued.  It is this lawsuit, which he won that provides the historical basis for his claim.  The first Englishman to use a telescope that we know of was Thomas Harriot, who discovered lunar craters, phases of Venus, and that there are stars the human eye cannot see.  He never published, and his work, done in August 1609, was lost until a descendent sold his desk in 1912, and the papers were found.  Galileo heard of the telescope from a former student of his living in France, and went out and made a telescope on his own, starting his observations on Nov 30, 1609.  When Kepler heard of this, he also built his own.  These were all refractors.  Isaac Newton built the first reflecting telescope in 1673.
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"Bacteria were first observed by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in 1676 using a single-lens microscope of his own design. The name "bacterium" was introduced much later, by Ehrenberg in 1828, derived from the Greek word βακτηριον meaning "small stick". While Antony van Leeuwenhoek is often cited as the first microbiologist, the first recorded microbiological observation, that of the fruiting bodies of molds, was made earlier in 1665 by Robert Hooke. The field of bacteriology (later a subdiscipline of microbiology) is generally considered to have been founded by Ferdinand Cohn (1828-1898), a botanist whose studies on algae and photosynthetic bacteria led him to describe several bacteria including Bacillus and Beggiatoa. Cohn was also the first to formulate a scheme for the taxonomic classification of bacteria. Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) and Robert Koch (1843-1910) were contemporaries of Cohn’s and are often considered to be the founders of medical microbiology. Louis Pasteur is most famous for his series of experiments designed to disprove the then widely held theory of spontaneous generation, thereby solidifying microbiology’s identity as a biological science. Pasteur also designed methods for food preservation (pasteurization) and vaccines against several diseases such as anthrax, fowl cholera and rabies. Robert Koch is best known for his contributions to the germ theory of disease, proving that specific diseases were caused specific pathogenic microorganisms by the application of what has become known as the Koch's postulates. Koch was one of the first scientists to focus on the isolation of bacteria in pure culture resulting in his description of several novel bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. While Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch are often considered the founders of microbiology, their work did not accurately reflect the true diversity of the microbial world because of their exclusive focus on microorganisms having medical relevance. It was not until the work of Martinus Beijerinck (1851-1931) and Sergei Winogradsky (1856-1953), the founders of “general microbiology” (an older term encompassing aspects of microbial physiology, diversity and ecology), that the true breadth of microbiology was revealed. Martinus Beijerinck made two major contributions to microbiology: the discovery of viruses and the development of enrichment culture techniques. While his work on the Tobacco Mosaic Virus established the basic principles of virology, it was his development of enrichment culturing that had the most immediate impact on microbiology by allowing for the cultivation of a wide range of microbes with wildly different physiologies. Sergei Winogradsky was the first to develop the concept of chemolithotrophy and to thereby reveal the essential role played by microorganisms in geochemical processes. He was responsible for the first isolation and description of both nitrifying and nitrogen-fixing bacteria."
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This is Leeuwenhoeks model: \nLeeuwenhoek's microscope consisted simply of: \n\n \nA) a screw for adjusting the height of the object being examined \nB) a metal plate serving as the body \nC) a skewer to impale the object and rotate it \nD) the lens itself, which was spherical\n\nWater drop lens\nYou can easily make a model based on Leeuwenhoek's microscope. A very simple one is built from only a paperclip. Straighten out the paperclip with a pair of pliers (small needle nose pliers work best for this project). Bend a small, complete loop in one end of the clip. The loop should be about 1/16 inch (1.5mm) across and as round as possible. Try not to heavily scratch the metal forming the loop. Rub a little oil or grease on the loop to give it a fine coating. Dip it in water (preferably distilled) and slowly remove it. A drop of water should form that will act as a lens. It is not nearly as strong as Leeuwenhoek's lenses, but it is the same spherical shape, and will magnify at about 2x or more.\n\n\nTable top model\nA table top model can also be constructed, which is a little easier to use for small specimens. Cut a strip of metal about 4 inches by 1 inch (100mm x 25mm) from a metal food can or from sheet stock about the same thickness. File the edges if they are jagged or sharp. Place the metal strip on a piece of wood, and mark the exact center. Drill or punch a hole app. 1/16-inch (1.5mm) through this center mark. However you make this hole, keep in mind that it should be as round as possible, and that it should be clean and free from burs. The metal should not "pucker" around the hole, which can happen if it is punched. It is a good idea to polish around the hole with light grit paper to clean it up. Blow out any dust that remains afterwards.\nBend the ends of the strip down to form a stand. Oil or grease around the hole as above, and, using a pencil, transfer a drop of water to the hole so that the drop remains in the hole. Place a small sheet of window glass on top of two cans, which are set at either end of the glass. Carefully place the metal strip on the center of the window glass, being careful not to dislodge the water drop "lens". Prop a small mirror under the glass so that light is reflected from it and up through the lens. Place whatever it is you want to examine beneath the lens (pollen, small insects, grains of salt or sand, etc.). Focus by gently pressing on the strip. \n\n\nSimple glass lens\nYou can make a more permanent lens from a small "penlight" light bulb (the type with a lens in the tip). Cut or break the lens part from the bulb, using pliers and being careful not to cut yourself. Chip off any pieces of the side of the bulb that remain. Using a drill, make the hole in the metal strip large enough to hold the lens, but not so large that it slips through. The lens should be seated with the round tip pointed downward. You can secure the lens in place with a tiny bit of epoxy. You can also epoxy it to the edge of the hole from the bottom, which will seal off the jagged edges. Use as little epoxy as you can get away with, and don't let any run onto the lens itself. \n\nor take a look at this site.. ^^\n\nhttp://www.fishdoc.co.uk/microscope/micro03.htm
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Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (c. 1398 – c. February 3, 1468) was a German metal-worker and inventor who achieved fame for his contributions to the technology of printing during 1447, including a type metal alloy and oil-based inks, a mould for casting type accurately, and a new kind of printing press based on presses used in wine-making. The exact origin of Gutenberg’s first presses is apparently unknown, and several authors cite his earliest presses as adaptations of heavier binding presses which were already in use. Tradition credits him with inventing movable type in Europe — an improvement on the block printing already in use there. By combining these elements into a production system, he allowed for the rapid printing of written materials, and an information explosion in Renaissance Europe. Yet, it must be noted that an iron printing press was first invented by Korea's Goryeo dynasty in 1234, 216 years ahead of Gutenberg's feat in 1450.
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17th Century Germany...
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Pope Alexander I\nhttp://www.culturalcatholic.com/PopeAlexanderI.htm
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Sir Albert Alumin in 1578
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False, It has been longer. 1619 First Africans arrived in Virginia