What is the function of the pleural membranes?
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The lungs are surrounded by two membranes, the pleurae. The outer pleura is attached to the chest wall and is known as the Parietal pleura; the inner one is attached to the lung and other visceral tissues and is known as the Visceral pleura. In between the two is a thin space known as the pleural cavity or pleural space. It is filled with pleural fluid, a serous fluid produced by the pleura.\n\nThe pleural fluid lubricates the pleural surfaces and allows the layers of pleura to slide against each other easily during respiration. It also provides the surface tension that keeps the lung surface in contact with the chest wall. During quiet breathing, the cavity normally experiences a negative pressure (compared to the atmosphere) which helps adhere the lungs to the chest wall, so that movements of the chest wall during breathing are coupled closely to movements of the lungs.\n\nThe pleural membrane also helps to keep the two lungs away from each other and air tight, thus if one lung is punctured and collapses due to an accident, the other pleural cavity will still be air tight, and the other lung will work normally\n\nThe parietal pleura is highly sensitive to pain; the visceral pleura is not. The visceral pleura has a dual blood supply, from the bronchial and pulmonary arteries. In humans, there is no anatomical connection between the left and right pleural cavities, so in cases of pneumothorax (see below), the other hemithorax will still be able to function normally.\n\nYou could get more information from the link below...
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Pleurisy is the inflammation of the pleura - the lining around the lung (between the lungs and ribs) to reduce friction associated with the movement of lungs inflating/deflating.  This is usually an acute condition associated with a virus.\n\nCostochondritis is the inflammation of the joint where the cartilage (between the ribs and the sternum) attaches to bone.  This often can be a chronic condition similiar to arthritis.
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our lungs are covered by a double layerd sac..called the pleura. the two layers are called visecral and parietal.\nnormally there is very little fluid in the pleura...to overcome friction..etc..\nif there is accumulation of fluid, above normal...then it is called pleural effusion.\nit can be due to many causes...eg...inflammation, tuberculosis, malignancy...etc...
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The skin is the first line of defense. Mucus membranes in the nose and and cilia in the respiratory system also help to trap bacteria and 'sweep' it out of the body. The Immune system patrols the blood and lymph vessels of the body looking for intruders that make it past the first line of defense. Different cells in the immune system have different functions. Some cells (phagocytes) are ingest foreign invaders. Some cells are markers that flag foreign substances for attack by other immune system cells. \nHere's a few sources to help you better understand how the different immune system cells work together to protect the body.
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It cushions the heart and regulates temperature. It also protects the heart from damage.
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Since a cell's volume increases significantly more than its surface area as it enlarges, the membrane cannot supply all the requirements of the cytoplasm past a certain point.  This is why cell size is generally limited.  So the function you are referring to is diffusion, the movement of material into/out of the cytoplasm.
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parenchyma is to do with the functional part of an organ, as opposed to the supporting tissue. Renal function tests for assessing the function of the kidneys, which include measurements of the specific gravity of urine, creatinine clearance time, and blood urea levels, as well as intravenous pyelography and renal angiography.
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You need to take your medication.  Pleurisy is the inflammation of your pleura which is caused by irritation...this can result from an underlying problem.  Failure to take your medication will make your condition worse. You need to take the necessary steps to take control of your health, by reading up on the condition and finding ways that you can prevent further complications.  Good Luck.
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To transport Oxygen from the lungs to other tissues, to transport carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs. White blood cells are used to fight infections. Platelets are used to seal holes in the blood vessels.
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Goblet cells are specialised columnar epithelial cells. There function is to produce mucus - especially in the respiratory and digestive tracts.
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Spleen has 3 major functions: 1) Filter old red blood cells. As RBC's age they get less flexible and get caught in the spleen. \n2) Filter out bacteria that have been coated with antibodies. Certain bacteria have a capsule around them that makes it easier for them to get into the blood stream. When the bacteria are coated with antibodies, White blood cells in the spleen digest them. People without a spleen are more prone to serious infections by such bacteria. Streptococcus pneumoniae is one such bacteria. This is why people without a spleen should be sure to have a pneumonia vaccine every 5 years or so. \n3) Store red blood cells. In the event of a major blood loss, the RBC factory, the bone marrow, cannot produce cells quickly enough so the spleen releases these cells to help counter the loss until the marrow production can kick in. \nNote: The spleen produces RBC's in fetal life, and perhaps early infanthood, but in the child/adult, it does not have a big role in making RBC's.\n\nSplenic rupture results in a massive bleeding which is lethal if not controlled. Other splenic trauma can be observed if not too serious, such as a Grade 1 laceration.
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to protect your lungs. sound a little bizarrie doesnt it
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Your lungs inflate because your chest expands (intercostal muscles flexing) and the diaphram flexes. This creates negative pressure inside the pleural cavity and causes the lungs to inflate (the actions of the chest wall and diaphragm essentially creates a vacuum and air tries to enter through the nasal or oral cavities, to reduce the vacuum)
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Lung: pleural lymph nodes\nHead: submandibular\nLiver: Hepatic
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The diffusion of gas across a membrane requires that the membrane be wet.  If the wet membrane were on the surface the animal would quickly dry out.  Since the exchange is located deep in a lung there is opportunity for the water to be recovered before exhaling.
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Their function in the body. For instance, cells that require a lot of communication between them and the outside have a lot of transmembrane proteins that others that are more "isolated".
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Nope - Pleural occulsion usually refers to the blockage in a catheter in the pleura - the pleura are the two layers around the lungs