if you are missing one pair of chromosomes in a cell, what type of mutation would you have?
917555
It's not a mutation, per se, because it doesn't involve a change in the DNA, just a malfunction in the production of germ cells.  What disease it is depends on which chromosome you're talking about.\n\n- Down Syndrome is an extra copy of chromosome 21.  This is the most frequent extra chromosome aberration in the population.\n- Edward's Syndrome is an extra copy of chromosome 18.  This is the second most frequent.\n- Patau Syndrome is an extra copy of chromosome 13.\n- Klinefelter's Syndrome occurs in men with two X chromosomes and one Y.\n- XYY Syndrome is (obviously) a man with an extra Y.\n- XXX Syndrome is a woman with an extra X.  (And has nothing to do with Vin Diesel).\n\nI'm sure there are more, but they start to become really, really rare.  I'd provide links for all those diseases, but there's so many of them!  Hope that helps!
880463
there are 2 types of mutation: the ones that happen in DNA and the ones that happen during protein synthesis in RNA. Only the mutations of DNA are heritable, which can pass to off springs during meiosis and gamete formation. RNA mutations are not heritable because RNA is not passed to the off springs. In RNA mutation, all types of mutation (deletion, point mutation, insertion and duplication) happens but because it is in RNA it only affects the making of 1 protein in that one individual.
852517
In Turner syndrome, the girl does not have the usual pair of two complete X chromosomes. The most common scenario is that the girl has only one X chromosome in her cells. Some girls with Turner syndrome do have two X chromosomes, but one of the X chromosomes is incomplete. In another scenario, the girl has some cells in her body with two X chromosomes, but other cells have only one.
912340
There is only one DNA replication, as the ending 4 cells all have only half the number of chromosomes (haploid number)
1146694
Every human cell has 46 chromosomes. When reproducing, you cannot add all 46, otherwise your 46 plus your partner's 46 would = 92...twice the number of what it should be. SInce this is, during meiosis, the number is reduced from 46 chromosomes(23 pairs of 2) to 23 chromosomes, so you and your partner contribute and your child is normal.
1184816
Are you asking about chromosome transformations such as rearrangements and translocations?
865802
Your cells would split without first replicating and dividing your chromosomes.  This would be a major problem because equal copies of your DNA would not go to the correct cells.  This would be a serious mutation and would probably cause a serious illness or even death.
653912
Realistically, none, because the chromosomes will cross over during meiosis, so none of the chromsomes will be exactly as they descended from the parents.\n\nBut if the haploid number is 6, and you pretend there's no crossing over, then there are 2^6 ways for the chromosomes to assort, and 2 of them will be 6 chromosomes from a single parent.  So that's 1 in 32, or about 3%.
546065
Not a stupid question at all. Mutation (as mentioned above) does occur, though of course it will only affect individual cells and their descendents, not all cells in the individual. There is also a process that is being increasingly studied called genomic imprinting or epigenetic inheritance. These are not DNA sequence changes, like you asked about, but seem to be related to your question. The wikipedia article is a decent introduction but there are other summaries available.
743521
Aneuploidy is a condition in which the number of chromosomes is abnormal due to extra or missing chromosomes, in other words, it is a chromosomal state where the number of chromosomes is not a multiple of the haploid set. Normal diploid species have 2n chromosomes, where n is the number in the haploid set. Aneuploid individuals would have 2n-1 chromosomes (monosomy), 2n+1 chromosomes (trisomy), or some other such arrangement.\n\nA change in the number of chromosomes can lead to a chromosomal disorder. Aneuploidy is common in cancerous cells.\n\nMonosomy\nMonosomy is the presence of only one chromosome from a pair in a cell's nucleus. Partial monosomy occurs when only a portion of the chromosome has one copy, while the rest has two copies.\n\nHuman genetic disorders arising from monosomy are:\n\nX0-Only one X chromosome instead of the usual two (XX) seen in a normal female, also known as Turner syndrome \ncri du chat syndrome -- a partial monosomy caused by a deletion of the end of the short p (from the word petit, French for small) arm of chromosome 5 \n1p36 Deletion Syndrome -- a partial monosomy caused by a deletion at the end of the short p arm of chromosome 1 \n\nTrisomy\nA trisomy is the presence of three, instead of the normal two, chromosomes of a particular numbered type in an organism. Thus the presence of an extra chromosome 21 is called trisomy 21. Most trisomies, like most other abnormalities in chromosome number, result in distinctive birth defects. Many trisomies result in miscarriage or death at an early age.\n\nA partial trisomy occurs when part of an extra chromosome is attached to one of the other chromosomes, or if one of the chromosomes has two copies of part of its chromosome. A mosaic trisomy is a condition where extra chromosomal material exists in only some of the organism's cells.\n\nA trisomy can occur with any chromosome. Most trisomies result in spontaneous abortion; the most common types that survive to birth in humans are:\n\nTrisomy 21 (Down syndrome) \nTrisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) \nTrisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) \nTrisomy 9 \nTrisomy 8 (Warkany syndrome 2) \nTrisomy 16 is the most common trisomy in humans, occurring in more than 1% of pregnancies. This condition, however, usually results in spontaneous miscarriage in the first trimester.\n\nTrisomy involving sex chromosomes in humans includes:\n\nXXX (Triple X syndrome) \nXXY (Klinefelter's syndrome) \nXYY (XYY syndrome) \n\nhope this helps
279599
sex cells. they only have half the nomal number of chromosomes.
886090
There are several types of color deficiencies, do you mean to include all? If so, then around 0.8% carry this deficiency. It is less common to women because it is a sex linked gene, carried on the X chromosome where men have one and women have two. Both X chromosomes have to be affected for women so the X from her mom must be colorblind and her dad has to be colorblind. For men, only one X chromosome has to be affected so either/or his mom has one/two affected chromosomes, or his dad is colorblind.
120355
You can, but it depends on knowing what the original genetic makeup of the population was to begin with. Remember mutation produces genetic novelties, recombination can only shuffle the deck.\n\nDetermining the original genetic composition of the population can vary form very easy to impossible.\n\n\n________________\n\nAddenda\n\nmars_central wrote\n>>>>Mutations would usually only effect one member of the population first until >>>>the mutated gene is passed on. Something that is a feature of genetic >>>>combination would be more prevalant.\n\nThere is simply no truth in that at all. It is perfectly normal for recessive genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis or haemophilia to be unexpressed within populations for millennia and then effect just one individual for one generation. We only know these genes aren’t the result of mutation because we can genetically test for them.\n\n>>>>>For example, their is no gene for red hair…\n\n\nReally? Maybe you shed let the geneticists who study hair colour know that. They seem to think that….\n\n"Studies on Irish and Dutch populations have significantly linked variations in the MC1R gene to red-hair.  Also, so called 'loss-of-function' mutations in the human MC1R gene are known to be common and have recently been shown to be associated with red-hair."
831327
Because egg and sperm cells have only one set of chromosomes instead of two.  Most cells have a pair of each type of chromosome, plus two chromosomes which determine the gender of the individual.  Mitosis, the normal process of cell reproduction, results in two cells which each have two sets of chromosomes.  Meiosis results in cells having only one set of chromosomes.\n\nThe reason egg and sperm cells have only one set of chromsomes is simple... after sex, an egg is fertilized by combining with a single sperm cell.  Once the egg and sperm (each having one set of chromosomes) have combined, the fertilized egg has two sets of chromosomes - everything it needs to grow and live.
39139
intrinsic red cell enzyme defect.\nRed cells normally lose their nuclei and also lose their ability to produse proteins {enzymes} the conditions occures in heterozygous females
905240
Alterations to DNA are called mutations, and they can result in the formation of new characteristics that are heritable, or capable of being inherited.\n\nEvery cell in the body of every living organism contains DNA in threadlike structures called chromosomes. Stretches of DNA that hold coded instructions for the manufacture of specific proteins are known as genes, of which the human race has approximately 40,000 varieties. If the DNA of a particular gene is altered, that gene may become defective, and the protein for which it codes also may be missing or defective. Just one missing or abnormal protein can have an enormous effect on the entire body: albinism, for instance, is the result of one missing protein.\n\nMutations also can be errors in all or part of a chromosome. Humans normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes, and an extra chromosome can have a tremendous negative impact. For example, there should be two of chromosome 21, as with all other chromosomes, but if there are three, the result is Down syndrome. People with Down syndrome have a unique physical appearance and are developmentally disabled. Nor is an extra chromosome the only chromosomal abnormality that causes problems: if chromosomes 9 and 22 exchange materials, a phenomenon known as translocation, the result can be a certain type of leukemia. Down syndrome also results from translocation.\n\nGerminal mutations are those that occur in the egg or sperm cells and therefore can be passed on to the organism's offspring. Somatic mutations are those that happen in cells other than the sex cells, and they cannot be transmitted to the next generation. This is an important distinction to keep in mind in terms of both the causes and the effects of mutation. If only the somatic cells of the organism are affected, the mutation will not appear in the next generation; on the other hand, if a germinal mutation is involved, what was once an abnormality may become so common in certain populations that it emerges as the norm.\nEvery single human trait—blue eyes, red hair, cystic fibrosis, a second toe longer than the big toe, and so on—is the result of some genetic mutation somewhere back down the line. Traits that are shared by all people must have arisen long ago, while other traits occur only in certain populations of people. Traits may be as innocuous as eye color or hair texture or as grave as a shared tendency toward a particular disease. Cystic fibrosis, for instance, is most common in people of northern European descent, while sickle cell anemia (see Amino Acids) occurs frequently in those of African and Mediterranean ancestry. A fatal disorder known as Tay-Sachs is found primarily in Jewish people whose ancestors came from Eastern Europe. In many cases, the particular mutation, while harmful in one regard, proved to be a useful one for that population. We know, for example, that while two copies of the mutant sickle cell anemia gene cause illness, one copy confers resistance to malaria—a very useful trait to people living in the tropics, where malaria is common.\n\nThe Pima "fat-Storage Mutation."\n\nResearchers have noted a high incidence of obesity among the Pima, a Native American tribe whose ancestral homeland is along the Gila and Salt rivers in Arizona. The Pima tend to eat a diet that is no more fatty than that of the average American—which, of course, means that it is plenty fatty, complete with chips, bologna, ice cream, and all the other high-calorie, low-nutrient foods that most Americans consume. But whereas the average American is over-weight, the average Pima is more dramatically so. This suggests that long ago, when the ancestors of the Pima had to face repeated periods of famine in the dry lands of the American Southwest, survival favored the individual or individuals who had a mutation for fat storage. It so happens that today, there is more than enough food at the local supermarket, but by now the Pima as a group has the fat-stora
268676
There are actually duplicate genes for every function. You received one from your mother and one from your father. If one is missing or defective, the other takes over. Sometimes both are required and you would express a recessive trait. If the gene is crucial, your life is shortened or aborted.  Some conditions have an entire chromosome missing (Turners syndrome) without catestrophic effects.