how to take measurement with vernier calliper?
913896
A vernier caliper has two scales to measure precisely, a fixed scale and one moving or sliding scale. The line which exactly coincides on both these scale is to be noted.\n\nCorrespondingly the last full scale reading in main scale is to be noted and it has to be added with number of divisions times least count on vernier scale.\n\nAn illustration of how to measure using vernier caliper is giving in the following website.\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernier_scale
1033464
Whenever you make \na measurement, you have some error. How much the error is depends on \nthe equipment you are using to make the measurement and how you use \nthe equipment. If you are measuring the water in the beaker by looking \nat the volume markings, the accuracy of your measurement of the volume \nof water depends first on how you look at the water. That is, are you \nmeasuring at the top or the bottom of the meniscus? (The meniscus is \nthe curved shape of the water's surface caused by its surface tension \nand interaction with it's container. If you aren't sure what this \nmeans, go get yourself an ordinary glass of water and look at how the \nwater curves up where its surface touches the glass.) The second is \nhow accurately measuring lines are painted on the beaker. The third is \nhow thick the measuring lines are: i.e., is it the top, middle, or \nbottom of the measuring line that is the correct measurement?\n\nFor measurements you make in numerous steps that you add together, \neach additional step introduces more error. Let's look at the water in \nthe beaker again. If you have a 500ml (milliliter) beaker, but need 10 \nliters of water in a bucket, you will have to fill the beaker 20 times \nand empty into a bucket. If you consistently put in only 499ml, you \nwould end up 20ml short of water in your bucket. \n\nNow, let's look at measuring distances. If you measure your room with \na professional measuring tape, you will be more accurate than if you \ntry to measure it by laying meter sticks end-to-end. However, if you \nare measuring a real room, you also have to decide where you are going \nto measure it. Most people might measure it on the floor along one \nwall. But is the opposite wall exactly the same length? If you measure \nit at the ceiling, is that exactly that same length? Is the wall \ncurved? (Put your head against a wall and look down a hallway - you \nwill probably see waves and curves in the wall.)\n\nIn short, the term "greatest possible error" has no meaning unless the \nmeasurement method is specified, the error of the measurement method \nwhen done by properly trained people is known, and the people who are \ndoing the measurement have been trained properly.\n\nMy discussion has been based on the assumption that the room is \nreally seven meters long. But what if you are going to build a room \ndesigned to be seven meters long, then measure it. The room is built \nbase on a lot of measurements, so it may or may not be seven meters \nlong before you measure it. You now have more sources of error.\n\nMy discussion is also based on the the assumption that you were \ntalking about measurement error. On thing you have to know \nabout dimensions (e.g., length, diameter, radius, angle, etc.) when \nyou design something is that the dimension always has a tolerance \nstated or implied. That is, if you get a blueprint that says a \ndimension on a machine part is 37.2 millimeters (mm), some place on \nthat blueprint it will say something like "Tolerance for xx.x is \n+/- 0.03." (The "+/-" is read as "plus or minus.") That means that for \na dimension like 37.2 millimeters, you can actually build it so that \nit is anywhere between 36.9 and 37.5 millimeters. Alternately, it will \nbe stated with the dimension as 37.2 +/- 0.03. This means, once again, \nit can have the dimension between 36.9 and 37.5 millimeters.\n\nIf the question really has to do with tolerance, it may depend on how \nyour seven meters is written (i.e, 7m, 7.0m, 7.00m, or even as 700cm). \nIn these cases, you you might reasonably assume that the tolerance is \none-half the last digit. That is, for 7.0 meters, it is +/- 0.05m, for \n7.00 meters, it is +/- 0.005m, for 700cm it is +/- 0.5cm. This \nreasoning implies that 7 meters would have a tolerance of +/- 0.5m, \nbut you have to ask yourself if a tolerance of half a meter in seven \nmeters (about 7 centimeters in a meter) is
903470
r=sin 11θ for the smaller petals and r=Xsin11θ where X>1\nthis will give you your larger petals.
770950
I use a tape measure for my shlong
113654
To measure runout, here is an example.  Say you have a shaft in 2 bearings.  Place the bearings in a V block on a surface plate (a ground piece of granite, very flat, for inspection and quality control purposes.)  Get a feeler gage, and put the needle on the shaft.  Zero the gage.  Now rotate the shaft.  The difference between the highest and lowest measurements is runout.  \n\nNow for concentricity, pretend there is a hole drilled in the end of the shaft.  You put the needle on the inside of the hole, touch the lower surface and zero the indicator.  Again, the difference between the high and low measurement will be the amount between the center of the drilled hole and the center of the shaft.  In reality, it is measuring ECCENTRICITY, which is the shortest distance between the centers of two points.  When that measurement is zero, the hole and the shaft centers are CONCENTRIC, having the same centers.  \n\nRunout is commonly used on the lathe.  You put a shaft in and clamp the jaws down.  Three jaw chucks do not always put the shaft center on center with the machine spinning axis.  You indicate the outside of the shaft with an indicator, and adjust the chuck with set screws to make the measurement go to zero, then tighten down the chuck. Thus the centerline is now CONCENTRIC with the centerline of the lathe spinning axis.  Therefore the round section clamped in the 3 jaws will be CONCENTRIC with the cylindrical section being cut by the lathe.  RUNOUT was the measurement in this situation that helped you make things CONCENTRIC.\n\nRunout is also measured in the direction parallel to the axis of rotation.  A common practice is to check the RUNOUT of your brake rotor on a car.  An indicating gage is set to zero on the outermost part of the braking surface on a rotor.  You spin the rotor.  The maximum difference between measurments (the wobble) is the RUNOUT of the rotor.  Hope this clears things up.
49698
your variable m stays for "miles".\nYou thus just have to put 295 instead of m and do the exact reckoning: 0.05*295 + 30  14.75 + 30 = 44.75\n\nNow choose from the options the one which is closest to your number: 45\n\nIn this way you cannot do wrong
860910
Pour the liquid in the graduated cylinder and there will usually be mL markings along the side.  This measurement is volume
878674
Use the micrometer caliper to measure the diameter of the copper wire. \nThe micrometer caliper is used to measure distances with more precision than a vernier caliper. It has a 0.5 mm pitch screw, this means that you read millimeters and half millimeters along the barrel. Every revolution of the ratchet knob will open the jaws a half millimeter. The sleeve is divided into 50 divisions corresponding to one hundredth of a millimeter (0.01 mm) each. To take a measurement place the object between the anvil and the spindle, grip the ratchet and turn until the object is lightly gripped, do not overtighten. The first part of the measurement is taken from the barrel, each division is 0.5 mm, note that the millimeters and half-millimeters are on opposite sides of the line. Next obtain the reading of the sleeve and add this value to the reading you obtained from the barrel. \n1. Obtain the reading when the surfaces of the anvil and the spindle are in contact. This is the zero reading of the micrometer caliper, it can be either positive or negative. Record the zero reading to 0.0001 cm.
285571
what are you trying to ask here? How to read a tape measure?  Well, count the number of spaces between the inch markings.  If there are 8 spacings, then the tape measure is in 8ths, if there are 16, then it's in 16ths.\n\nIf it is in 8ths, the 1/4th will be the 2nd line, the 1/8 will be the first line, and the 5/8 will be the 5th line.\n\nIf it is in 16ths, then the 1/4 will be the 4th line, the 1/8 will be the 2nd line and the 5/8 will be the 10th line.
691057
Imagine cutting the tube down its length and opening it up into a long, narrow rectangle.  The outside area would be the length times the width.  The width of the rectangle is really the circumference of the circular cross section of the tube.  Thus, since you know the diameter, you have this:\n\nsurface area = length * pi * diameter\n\nwhere pi is approximately 3.14159265358979.\n\nNote, if the tube is not flexible, you have to be careful measuring the length of the bent tube.  it is the length of an imaginary line through the center of the tube, but as the other answerer pointed out, you can get this by taking the average of the "inside the curve" length and the "outside the curve" length.  Of course, if the tube is flexible, just straighten it out and measure it.\n\n\nNote--straightening, cutting and opening up, etc., will change the area slightly as it stretches part of the tube and compresses another part--this is a very small effect (unless you tie the tube into a tight knot or something) and probably can't easily be measured well anyway--should be too small to matter in most applications.
809563
Go to http://www.rosecitysoftware.com An download their DU Meter.  \n\nMinddoctor. France
555699
I think I can help you with this one... I learned how to do it in Kindergarten.\n\nPull your head out of your ass and measure.\n\nGood Luck!
450833
join the 2 pointz frm da arc vit da radius.measure out da value of da angle forned here.then substitute da values 4 this formula:  2*pie*radius/da angle u measured\n\nhappy solvin!
374099
You have to have access to the end opening. Use a veneer caliper or micrometer to measure the thickness. Make sure the measuring instrument is measuring a single point, not the curvature of the pipe.\n\nYou can't use a finish thickness gage, such as one used for paint.
93031
Check this out...\n\nhttp://home.inter.net/eds/paper/inchmetric.html
557771
Draw a straight line.\nDraw a good cuve (mirror), using a compass or a protractor(for later mark a point as centre and place the protractor on this point coinciding with the axis.)\nThe curve should be of equal length on each side of principle axis.\nNow mark the pole, radius and focal point (twice the radius).\nIn case u use protractor, take focal lenght as twice the distance between the marked pont and pole.\n\nRemember how the rays reflect/refract, and accordingly draw two incident and two reflected/refracted rays.\nGive the standard sign convention...I hope plane mirror and prism are easier.
22234
Use a high quality digital scale. They sell these at office supply stores like Staples. You can also use a 2-ounce mechanical scale (just make sure it's properly calibrated to 0).