what is the working distance of a microscope?how is it related to produce a clear image of specimen?
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(m)\n\nField of View or Field Diameter is very important in microscopy as it is a more meaningful number than "magnification".  Field diameter is simply the number of millimeters or micrometers you will see in your whole field of view when looking into the eyepiece lens.  It is just as if you put a ruler under the microscope and counted the number of lines.  \n\nThe chart below will tell you (approximately) what to expect when looking through a microscope with varying combinations of eyepiece and objective lenses.  As an example (in green below), a dual power stereo microscope with 10X eyepiece lenses and 1X and 3X combinations of objective lenses, would have total powers of 10X and 30X and your field of view would be 20 mm and 6.7 mm respectively.  \n\nThis means that an object 20 mm (2 cm, or about 3/4 inch) wide would fill up the whole viewing area at 10X and an object about 6.7 mm wide would fill up the whole area at 30X.  As you can see, having the highest power may not be best for your particular application.  When you move to greater magnifications, you sacrifice field of view.
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C\n\nThe ribosomes are far to small to see with a ligh microscope. Under an electron microscope, they look like tiny dots (of whatever color you stained them).\n\nAlso, you won't be able to make out the details of the cell membrane either, only that it exists.
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Use the lense equation.\n\n1/f = 1/u + 1/v\n\nF is the focal length of the lense (1/f is the power of the lens as in your question)\nU & V are the near and far sighted distances.\n\nFor close up photography assume v= infinity (1/v = 0)\nU is the distance from your lens of the object being photographed (in metres).\n\nIe if you are photgraphic 20cm away, u=0.2. 1/u = 5 = the power of the lense you want.
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Use of a fresnel lens, a lens made up of circular rings that focus the light to the small area of reflecting mirror. This in turn projects the image to the screen. \n\nTake the optic workings of a telescope or microscope:\n\nOptics - microscopes and telescopes all invert the image because if they didnt, it would mean that another lens had to be added, increasing money cost. A lens is convex on both sides. That means the middle is thicker than the edges. A microscope or telescope has two lenses (basically).\nThe objective lens (usually larger and closer to the specimen or object) which allows the image of the object to be reduced to a smaller workable image inside the scope. \nThis image is inverted inside the scope. It is also too small to see with the eye, so you need another lens, the eyepiece. The eyepiece focus's your eye on the image and magnifies \nit so you can see it. Every lens has a focal length, the point at which the image is formed away from the surface of the lens. \n\nOk now we take this to the overhead:\n\nSame principle but in different Direction. You manipulate the object, transparency, over the light source after the light is passed thru the fresnel. The fresnel forms the smaller inverted image on the mirror. It is then reflected to the screen where the focal length is adjusted (moved closer or farther away from the screen )
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If you have a *real* lens......hold it a good distance away from a prominent light source. For instance, try to stand in a dark room with a shadeless lamp far away and hold the lens up in front of a piece of paper. Move the lens in toward and away from the paper until you see a clear image of the light source on the paper. Measure the distance from the paper to the lens and this will be your focal length (fl). It's tricky to measure this by yourself, but as  long as you get the 'idea' you can probably find a creative way to do it.\n\nIf you need to do this mathematically the formula is:\n\n1/f =1/d + 1/s\n\nWhere the "d" is the distance from the object to the lens, and "s" is the distance from the lens to the image. Of course "f" is the focal length.
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3 ft if it is the person who needs to see the complete image, because however distant the mirror, the virtual image will always be twice the distance of the mirror from the observer, and the mirror will work like an aperture.\n\nIf someone else wants to see an object in the mirror, the size does not matter as long as the distance of the observer to the observed person relates to the mirror "aperture".
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the magnifying of the lens: M = 4 and by definition \nM = -di/do\ndo is the distance from lens to object\ndi is the distance from lens to image\nso -di/do = 4 ---> di = -4do\nthe thin lenses equation:\n1/f = 1/do + 1/di\n1/f = 1/do + 1/(-4do)\n1/f = 1/do - 1/(4do) = 3/(4do)\nf = 4do/3 = (4*2.88 cm)/3\nf = 3.84 cm
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The size of an object you can resolve with an optical system has a theoretical limit given by the wavelenght of the light you're using divided by the diameter of the optics multiplied by 1.22. If you plug the numbers in you find for a 1 foot diameter optical system at visible light (~400 nm) at an altitude of 100km, the smallest thing you could see is on the order of a foot, give or take (rough calculation). You could definitely not read a postage stamp or a wrist watch. Maybe a license plate with some bigger optics, but this is ignoring all sorts of atmospheric scintillation which screws things up.
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I am guessing you are asking a more basic question.  Light spreads out as it propogates making stuff that is far away appear dimmer.  Understanding the distance to something is therefore necessary to understand the total power production of a source. If light did not spread out, this would not be an issue in research. \n\nThe apparent brightness falls off by a factor of 1/d^2 where d is the distance between the observer and an unresolved ("point") source.
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For an image to be seen it has  to reflect light. Light doe snot always travel in a straight line. Magnification is the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object. In case the  magnification is negative, the image is inverted.
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Use the software\n\nPhotozoom 2 Professional\n\nGives the best output for image magnification.\n\nDownload Link given below
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You can use a regular camera, but only if your microscope comes with a place to attach the regular camera. Basically all research quality microscopes do have a place where you can attach either a digital or a camera which uses film as long as it is a SLR camera and you can take the camera lens off (you basically attach the microscope instead of the lens in front of your camera). If you use a film camera, you may have to work out proper exposure times and be very careful with proper focusing. With a digital camera it is easier to check as you can look at the image you just took if it came out OK. Normally you can also attach digital cameras to a computer and see a large version of the image you took on the computer screen. \nYou won't get any good images holding a regular camera in front of an eyepiece like where you put your eye. For one thing it is difficult to hold the camera consitently in the correct place. Another is that light falling in from the side will be bad for the image quality. I think also the size of the image there may not be large enough to allow you to take an image of a high resolution.\nThere are also cameras you can buy which you can put onto your eyepiece instead of the ocular lens. They give decent images.
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its a lens to a microscope
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Most microscopes have lighting underneath the slide tray.  If the slide were opaque, not clear, you would not get sufficient lighting up through the slide and into the optics.
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By profession, I'm a Land Surveyor, I'm judging the size of things from great distances.  Sometimes a few thousand feet with reasonable accuracy.  It has to be far enough away that I can't distinguish edges before I'll say I can't guess the size.\nAnd the human eye is also capable of splitting (finding the center of an object) with a higher accuracy than you'd believe.  Looking at a circle .3 feet in diameter (a little bigger than the bottom of a pop can), 10 feet away, the healthy human eye can find the center within .006' of actual center (.006' is about the thickness of your credit card.)
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You need to know the focal length of the eyepiece as well.  The magnification is the ratio of these focal lengths; e.g., 48 if you have a 1 cm eyepiece.  The apparent distance is the actual distance divided by the magnification.
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An upright microscope looks down at the stage, slide and specimen, and transmitted light travels upward from a mirror located below the stage. An inverted microscope does the opposite. Its optics include a prism so that a person looking down into the microscope sees the view from below the stage. An advantage of the inverted microscope is said to be the ability to view live specimens in a deep covered container (see ref.). The short working distance of the typical objective lens prevents such viewing in the upright microscope. (However some change in the inverted microscope's objective is needed to accommodate container thickness.)