Why does an athlete have to exercise longer or harder than an unfit person to achieve his maximum heart rate?
351401
Well-trained athletes CAN pump more blood from their hearts at maximal exercise, but the main reason they tend to have slower heart rates is because their muscles are much more efficient when it comes to extracting oxygen from their blood.  Therefore, for the same amount of work that their muscles are doing, not as much blood flow is needed to supply the necessary amount of oxygen.  Therefore, their hearts don't need to pump as fast or as hard to keep the muscles well-supplied with oxygen.\n\nThink of it as two people standing on a riverbank.  One guy (the non-athletic heart) is using a crappy fishnet and can only catch 10% of the fish that swim by.  If he needs 10 fish an hour to survive, he needs to have 100 fish swim by to in an hour.  If the guy next to him (the athletic heart) has a brand new fishnet that can catch 50% of the fish that swim by and HE needs 10 fish an hour to survive as well, he can do just fine with only 20 fish swimming by every hour.  Does that make sense?
100887
Maybe not promotes but gives you a good guideline. An elevated heart rate in exercise is necessary to burn calories and fat but it can also warn you if have over exerted yourself and helps you set a pace that meets your needs. Depending on what kind of shape you are in affects your exercising heart the more out of shape the higher the heart rate.
388582
Cardiovascular endurance is the ability to keep your heart rate pumping for a period of time.  Activities include running, walking, and bike riding.  A way to test this procedure is having a person run up and down the stairs and taking their heart rate before and afterwards.  This will show how much it makes a differnece.\n\nMuscular strength is a persons ability to withstand weight.  You can test this by seeing how much a person is able to bench press, etc.\n\nMuscular endurance is the ability to withstand the weight or pressure for a period of time.  You can test this with your own body weight by standing on one leg and holding it for a period of time. If you fall quickly, you have little endurance.\n\nFlexibility is your ability to bend and move.  A way to test this is by sitting down with your legs in front of you and trying to reach as far as possible.\n\nI assume body composition is how fit you are, the well being of your body. Testing all of the above combined will work.\n\nThere ya go.  Get an A.
262052
This is too broad a question.\nPain where?\nIf someone is arthritic they might not be too excited about exercizing.\nOn the other hand, someone with sore muscles from previous exercise might enjoy the pain, no gain aspect of continued exercise.
122443
Yes, absolutely. Of course the heart rate increases during exercise and one of the long-term benefits of exercise is that the resting heart rate becomes lower. \nAge also has an effect. Infants and children have higher heart rates than adults.
867617
It's alot of both. Genetics are what gets you to that pro athlete status and hard work and preparation are what separates you from the group and takes you to the next level. Without genetics, a person can practice and prepare as much as they want, but it will honestly take you only so far. There have been many people with a ton of heart, but how many of them actually were true champions. Alot of them were scrappers and a few squeaked in as champion, but you have to have a certain genetic make-up to really excel at athletics.
971437
excercise increases our heart rate, when we excercise our body needs to supply more oxgen, and energy to parts of the body. Blood carries this oxygen, and energy, and the heart pumps the blood.
704662
The theory is strong.  It should work that, if an athlete were to train under a progressively increasing gravitational pull, he or she would perform proprtionately better under in a lower-gravity environment.\n\nThe converse is true, as proven by astronauts that return to earth after long stints in micro-gravity.  They have been quoted as saying that a standard wrist watch becomes a bowling ball on after as little as 30 days in orbit.
40529
Same as that of any other person, maybe even better since they are required to workout and keep in shape. Somebodys been watching too much T.V! Its not really like OZ in there buddy.
219495
I am assuming you mean target heart rate. It is based on age and on percentage of max heart rate. As you get older, your max heart rate drops. You can easily find your maximum target heart rate with this simple method. Subtract your age from 220 (226 for women) to calculate your Maximum Heart Rate.  \n\nWarm up --- 50 - 60% of maximum heart rate\nFitness Zone (Fat Burning) --- 60 - 70%\nAerobic Zone (Endurance Training) --- 70 - 80% \nAnaerobic Zone (Performance Training) --- 80 - 90%\n\nor follow the link...
339043
Um, because they're athletes? If they didn't participate in sports, they wouldn't be athletes.\n\nIf you mean why PEOPLE participate in sports, there are lots of reasons: the exercise, the fun, the need to compete,
130313
Athletes sometimes have some thickening of their heart wall and some wierd EKG changes, but it may still be within the range of normal for them.  If they are able to perform well, it is hard to say they have a problem.  But occasionally when we thought they were OK, they drop dead during performance.  Its best that they be evaluated by a cardiologist. They don't always know for sure either, but they know more than the rest of us.  As far as the older guy who can't get around well, he has a problem.  He needs a thorough evaluation by a cardiologist.  Needs to make sure he doesn't have any heart attacks to further weaken his heart.  If he has a valve problem, it may need to be corrected surgically.  Most of them are on ACE inhibitors or ARB drugs to dilate the arterioles and reduce "afterload" on the heart.  Most are on a low salt diet.  Digoxin (Lanoxin), which is originally a derivative from the foxglove plant, helps alot of these folks, helps their heart to beat stronger.  If they swell up with fluid, they need Lasix (furosemide), a diuretic, and then they will need potassium because the lasix knocks out the potassium.  Many will live a fairly long life this way, but if it gets progressive, they will need a heart transplant, which is hard to come by.  They need to walk to get some exercise, but they need to get plenty of rest and not overexert.  Big feasts on the holidays tends to stress them out and overload them with salt, which often puts them into overt pulmonary edema and in the ER.  Eating too much stresses them just as much as exercising too much.
33951
What are you're goals? What is the purpose of your training? If you are bodybuilding or trying to get bigger, then the running is hurting your body's ability to bulk up. By running long distances, your body is burning up the energy that would otherwise go towards bulking up your muscles. If you are just strength training and trying to get ripped, then you're on the right track.
315055
Yes they do; the more you exercise, the more efficient your pulmonary and cardiovascular systems become, which leads to a greater VO2 Max, or greater lung capacity.
632632
Yes-they have to work just as hard if not harder then other high school athletes. Especially in competitive cheerleading.
441345
they train hard.\n\nanybody can be as good as them and some people are\n\nall u hav 2 do is train and dedicate ur life 2 your sport\nthats wot the aussies do
291091
The difference between moderate exercise and vigorous exercise  depends on the intensity.\n\nActivities that would be considered moderate exercise:\n\nWalking \nPlaying Golf\n\nActivities that would be considered as vigorous exercise\nRunning \nAerobics\nCycling\n\nExercise is generally divided into three categories:\n\n* Aerobic exercise such as walking or running which tests endurance;\n\n* strength training such as weights etc; and\n\n* flexibility such as stretching.\n\nThere is also speed training or anaerobic exercise but this is generally undertaken by athletes. All forms of exercise have considerable health benefits.