what is definition of  Elimination of maternal and neonatal tetanus ?
344727
The influence of maternal circadian rhythms on fetal circadian oscillations during pregnancy was examined. Circadian rhythms of spontaneous locomotor activity and plasma corticosterone level in pregnant rats were eliminated by bilateral lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) at different stages of gestation and the postnatal manifestation of the circadian corticosterone rhythm was examined in individual pups. Effective lesions of SCN at day 3 of gestation resulted in an abortion in all rats examined. Rats whose SCN were lesioned at day 10 or 17 of gestation maintained their pregnancies. At term, pups were removed by Cesarean operation and immediately blinded by bilateral ocular enucleation; they were reared by unoperated foster mother afterwards. All pups from SCN lesioned mothers showed a clear free running circadian rhythm of plasma corticosterone levels after the 4th week of postnatal life. Furthermore, the circadian rhythm that developed in pups from SCN- lesioned mother at day 10 of gestation (G10 pups) was always phase- delayed about 4 h as compared with that in pups from mothers whose SCN were lesioned at day 17 of gestation (G17 pups) and in pups from sham- operated mothers (S pups). It is concluded that the circadian hormone rhythmicity develops in normal fashion postnatally when the maternal SCN are effectively lesioned after day 10 of gestation. The phase-angle difference in the circadian rhythm between G10 pups and G17 or S pups suggests that fetal circadian oscillation is entrainable at least after day 10 of gestation.
248545
a.  diphtheria (DPT...diptheria, pertussis & tetanus) - 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15 to 18 months, and 4 to 6 years\nb.  influenza (Hib) - booster dose is given at 12 to 15 months\nc.  polio - usually given at ages 2 months, 4 months, 6 to 18 months, and 4 to 6 years \nd.  rubella - given anywhere from 12 to 15 months
370063
It just refers to a shorter pasteurization.  There's nothing about the process that should be harmful to infants.
882771
Salmonella enterica-salmonella\nClostridium tetani-tetanus\nPseudomonas aeruginosa-pseudomonas infection\nRickettsia ricketttsii-rocky mountain spotted fever\nMycobacterium tuberculosis-tuberculosis
74064
I don't know the answer to this question, but ASAP sounds like a good plan.\n\nHowever, I will point out that it is not the rust that causes tetanus.  It is microbes in the dirt (usually from feces) where the rusty nails often reside that cause the tetanus, plus the deep puncture wound that allow the spore to reach an environment that is not hostile to them.  So a puncture would from surgical steel or zinc plated nails is just as likely to cause tetanus if they have been in the dirt.
680981
compared to other immunoglobulins IgG is small enough to move across the tranplacental barrier.  The major antibody for antitoxins, viruses and bacteria it can provide the baby passive immunity.
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Birth -- an infected mother can transmit the Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus to the baby during delivery or shortly thereafter. \n Infants born of mothers who either currently have acute hepatitis B or who have had the infection receive a special immunization series to prevent viral transmission. This includes administering hepatitis B immune globulin and a hepatitis B immunization within 12 hours of birth. Please consult your doctor.\nPlease see the webpages for more details on Hepatitis.
736631
Tetanus, or "lockjaw" isn't as common as it once was, but people do still get it from time to time.  If you cut yourself on a dirty object such as a rusty nail, you need to see a doctor for an anti-tetanus shot.  Symptoms usually appear within two weeks of the injury, and include headache and spasms or cramping of the jaw muscles.  Untreated, tetanus is usually fatal.
763159
What type of shots were they?\nSome will have that side effect, such as the tetanus shot.\nDid she not receive any instructions (verbally or on paper)?\nDoes she have a fever?\nIf so, or not feeling better tomorrow, call the doctor's office.
1053173
Well, an insulin needle is no different than the needles used by nurses to give kids their tetanus shots. It is specifically known as a hypodermic needle. \n\nGo to this link for an explanation!http://www.straightdope.com/mailbag/msyringe.html\n\nIn case you cannot reach this link, here is the text:\n\n"The key to syringe making is forming the hollow tube, or cannula. Processes to make small tubes and hollow needles are quite old, and almost always begin by forming a large tube. This large tube is formed by either rolling a sheet of metal into a tube and welding the seam, or by taking a solid billet of metal and boring a hole through the center while the metal is heated (creating "seamless tubing").\n\nThis large tube is softened by heating it (called annealing), then drawn through a tool called a die--which in this application of the word is essentially a hardened piece of metal with a small hole. As the tube is drawn through the die it both stretches, increasing the tube length, and shrinks, decreasing the tube diameter. The tube is passed through smaller and smaller dies, continuing to stretch in length and shrink in diameter, until the desired size is reached. The last drawing through the die is often done without heat, therefore cold-working the tube to increase its strength and hardness. Sometimes a stiff piece of wire or a mandrel is placed inside the tube to prevent the walls from collapsing while it is being drawn, but often the process relies on incredibly consistent steel quality and high-tolerance equipment to manufacture cannulae that meet the specifications.\n\nBecton Dickinson, one of the largest manufacturers of syringes in the world, says it makes syringes using 3/4-inch-wide stainless steel rolled and welded into a 1/4-inch diameter tube, then heated, drawn, and finally cold-drawn to its final size. Some of those sizes are pretty small. \n\nThe tubes are straightened, cut to the proper length, cleaned, and then the tip or bevel is cut onto the end. The piercing end of the bevel, right on the very tip, is called the lancet or as I like to call it, the "&$#%@*"! Many different styles of lancet can be cut; which one is selected depends upon the application--to be blunt (no pun intended), what portion of your body it's designed to poke holes into. Contrary to popular belief, sharper is not always better--medical professionals rely on the slight resistance of the needle through the skin to ensure that it penetrates to the correct depth and doesn't go bouncing off a bone, into your brain, etc.\n\nAs to your last question, the simple answer is that the "stuff" is able to get through because it is small enough to get through. Needles certainly must be matched to the application--try pushing honey through a 32-gauge needle, and you're going to need a lot of force if you can do it at all. This is one of several reasons why most injectable drugs have a recommended needle and syringe size or size range."\n\nI hope this helps!
346724
if mother catch some infectious disease then the bacterias or virus could transfer to womb and make some problem for fetus and even abortion.\nlike Brucellas,and the virus of Measles or Rubella
942689
A neonatal nurse is one who works in the NICU with sick or premature babies. A pediatric nurse is one who works with children that are not newborns.
23948
Cradle cap is not serious and will go away eventually, but can be treated if the baby or child is in discomfort. Very useful information here:\nhttp://www.drgreene.com/21_1062.html
797519
I suggest you get a tetanus shot as soon as possible - 24 hours from the time you were injured. I had a puncture wound in my feet  weeks ago, from a nail I stepped on.  I immediately went to the nearest hospital in our place to get vaccinated.  It costs around P1,500.00 here in the Philippines and it will be effective for five years.  As always. prevention is better than cure.  You never know whether a thing can cause tetanus infection or not; but it is medical procedure for people with wounds to get the shot as soon as possible.
311848
Rust can harbor Tetanus if it is found in the environment like a barbed wire fence or rusty nail.  The ill effects of Tetanus are from the exotoxin secreted by Clostridium tentni, a bacteria.  This needs to enter your bloodstream rather than ingesting it to cause serious troubles.\n\nRust itself out in the environment is ferrous oxide.  That found in water is mostly in the form of ferrous hydroxide.  If you ingest a little rusty water as it comes out of the tap, there is no problem.  But like virtually anything else if you make it a regular diet and ingest a lot of rust then you can overdose.  \n\nOverdose amounts are about 0.5mg/kg of body weight (2.2lbs per kg).  The effects of toxic doses of iron are characterized by initial depression, rapid and shallow respiration, coma, convulsion, respiratory failure and cardiac arrest. Diarrhea and vomiting also occur. \n\nCheck out the link below which goes into more detail if you need it.
440246
According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, TB skin testing is safe during pregnancy and there is no reason to delay the test.\n\nhttp://www.med.umich.edu/ehs/tbfaq.htm\n\nTuberculin skin testing is considered valid and safe throughout pregnancy. However, testing with QuantiFERON®-TB and QuantiFERON®-TB Gold has not been evaluated for diagnosing M. tuberculosis infection in pregnant women.\n\nhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/tb/pubs/tbfactsheets/250160.htm
474211
Nothing. The problem would be if it were in reverse.\nThe mother being Rh-, and the fetus is Rh+. Then the mother's body would view the fetus as a potential threat and begin building antibodies to this "foreign" body.\nThe first pregnancy is usually fine, as it takes the body a little while to build up those antibodies. Subsequent pregnancies are in danger, which is why a woman is given a shot of Gamma Globulin after the pregnancy, to counteract those antibodies.