What is a hydrated crystal? Give example please!?
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An alum solution with water makes a very nice crystal and is hydrated.  Check out this website with how to grow crystals: \n\nhttp://chemistry.about.com/cs/howtos/ht/alumcrystal.htm\n\nIn short, A hydrated crystal is a crystal that contains water as part of its chemical formula and structure. It may or may not absorb water vapor from the atmosphere. A crystal that is hygroscopic is one that absorbs water\nvapor from the atmosphere. CaCl2 and P2O5 are examples.
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ionic = ionic crystal\npolar-covalent = molecule with dipole bond\nnonpolar-covalent = molecule w/ no dipole bond
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I've never heard of that specific term.  But the verb "crystallize" has four different meanings:\n\n\n1: cause to take on a definite and clear shape\n \n2: make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear\n\n3: cause to form crystals or assume crystalline form\n\n4: assume crystalline form; become crystallized
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They probably are used for the same thing, but in the first, the water molecules are part of the crystal and found in repeated and regular levels.\n\nIn the interstitial, the water molecules may not be present in the same level in all the crystals and the level can not be predicted.
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The question was presented as an example of something puzzling - you have a substance - tartaric acid if i remember that is not optically active and then you have the same substance (but made as a result of microbial activity) that has identical properties, the only difference is that it is optically active - nobody then knew why\n\nhe let the optically inactive solution  crystalize, looked really close and well and compared - then noticed that the crystals differ - are like a miror image, he manually sorted them out and WOW the 2 solutions were optically active - the same degree but oposite direction (if you understand me, i do not know what this is called in english). then he assume that the microbes can do the sorting in their body. He spent his lifetime looking in microscopes or experimenting with unbelievable patience while enyybody else would have given up long time ago, thats why he made so many breakthroughs
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You can evaporate, or distill off the water.  Then you'll get the CuSO4, along with any non-volatile impurities that may be present.  Or you can do a recrystalization.  You boil the solution until the CuSO4 just starts to crystalize out.  Then you let the solution cool.  As it cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and more & more of it crystalizes.  When cooling, you may end up with a super-saturated solution, instead of crystals being formed.  In that case, scratching the inside of the beaker with a glass rod will initiate the crystalization process.  With recrystalization, the product is also purified.
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Water vapor. If all water vaporize u will receive NaCl (crystal)  in vessel.
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Crystal growth can occur at about any speed, but if you want a regular single crystal, the slower it grows the less likely are defects. Sudden growth leads to snowflake-like dendrition. Certain minerals like e.g. diamond require some time and extreme conditions to crystallize.\n\nWindows for IR purposes can be either defined minerals or glasses. While glasses are formed by undercooling melts, for some mixtures that might take longer.
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Sugar is a hydrated Crystal, when you add water. Don't know the formula though. There are many, many others just add water.
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I don't think any natural crystal changes throughout the day.  There are manmade ones that do, and it has to do with temperature.  Also, some natural crystals have different colors or tones, depending on the direction you look through them, if you are using polarized light.  This is called "pleochroism".
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The question is not clear.  Are you asking what a crystal is?  Are you asking what the different crystal structures are?  Are you asking for the characteristics of crystals in general?
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It's the latice structure of the crystal. Also, sugar molecules are a LOT larger than salt.
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You could dissolve the crystal compound in water and measure the temperature change and specify whether there is an endothermic or exothermic change.  \n\nYou will need a thermometer.  Be careful as some crystal compounds are violently exothermic when dissolved in water.\n\nAndy
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Use water, preferably from a source that you know is as pure as possible and is natural, like a stream.  If you wish to do some sort of ritual to bless the water, do that.  Take up a soft cloth, dip the crystal in the water and wipe it clean.  If, after a good scrubbing, there is still dirt, well, that's a natural thing, so just live with it.
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This is an ionic compound.  The (SO4) group has a negative 2 charge on the entire group.  It is called Sulfate ion.  The magnesium is the balancing positive charge (+2).\n\nAs a solid, the compound is a crystal.  When dissolved in water, The Mg+2 ions separate from the (SO4)-2 ions.\n\nThe compound is usually called Magnesium Sulfate.\n\nWith no water of hydration it is called anhydrous Magnesium Sulfate.  With 7 molecules of hydrated water in the cyrstals, it is called Epson salts (Magnesium Sulfate heptahydrate).
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SMALL CRYSTALS\nYou need to warm 100cm3 of water and add 39g of potassium aluminium sulphate (alum). Stir until no more crystals will dissolve.Pour this saturated solution into a large evaporating basin and leave for several days to crystallise. \nGROWING LARGE CRYSTALS FROM SMALL ONES\nMake a new saturated solution of potassium aluminium sulphate and allow it to cool down. Place the dish or beaker of new saturated solution in a place where the temperature will vary as little as possible.Using forceps, pick out the best potassium aluminium sulphate crystal from the evaporating basin.Drop this into the cold saturated solution and leave it for a few days.Using forceps, turn the crystal every day so that it can grow equally on all sides.The secret is to keep the solution in a place which is no warmer by day than by night. An alternative method of growing your crystals is to tie a piece of thread around the starting crystal, then suspend it in the cold saturated solution. Leave in a constant temperature environment. (Alum crystals grow well using this method).You can grow crystals around a wire shape which can be suspended in the saturated solution. Crystals form best on rough surfaces, so use cotton-covered electrical wire or plain wire wrapped with thread or light string.
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Do you mean supercooled substances?\n\nIf so, glasses are the best example and are made by melting a salt and quickly cooling it so that it does not return to its original form.  I don't believe you should have any trouble pointing out the various contributions of glass to our lives.