how do you produce antimatter?
339718
Physicists say they have mass produced antimatter, a crucial first step towards precision studies of its properties that may help solve one of the greatest mysteries of the Universe. \n\nAntihydrogen has been made before, but only a few atoms at a time. \n\nNow, the Cern particle accelerator in Geneva, Switzerland, has produced more than 50,000. \n\nAntimatter is the mirror image of ordinary matter and both should have been created in equal quantities at the birth of the Universe. That everything around is predominantly ordinary matter is therefore a major puzzle. \n\nCern is the European Organisation for Nuclear Research. \n\nIn the latest experiment, researchers used the Cern accelerator to create antiprotons and trapped them in a vacuum chamber. \n\nA radioactive source, meanwhile, was used to create positrons, which were held in a separate trap. The antiprotons were then fed into the pool of positrons, where the two combined to form antihydrogen. \n\nThe antimatter was short-lived being destroyed when it bumped into normal matter. Detectors picked up the unique radiation signatures of antimatter as it was annihilated. \n\nAlso see the Wikipedia article: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter#Antimatter_production
822799
First three answers are not correct.  The answer, for normal hydrogen and helium, is four.  Two of the protons will convert to neutrons, with the emission of positrons and neutrinos.  The positrons will annihilate with two of the original hydrogen electrons, each throwing a pair of 511 kev gamma rays.  The remaining two electrons will tie up with the helium.  This is the reaction that powers the sun.
1015374
If there is anti-matter, there must be anti-energy!
595584
the spontaneous creation and destruction of particles goes on all around us all the time.  but antimatter does not seem to be part of that process in our "timeframe" and it could be that if time is viewed as a dimension only we will find the antimatter at another point on that dimension.  If antimatter did appear annihilation would occur on a vast scale.  I believe that matter and antimatter have a weak repulsing force to each other, or utterly neutral, as the antimatter has a "reverse gravity" (perhaps because it's moving backwards on the time dimension).\n\nOur Universe, all the parts that count to us, is all matter.  The antimatter resides next to us, but not in our universe.
665650
Antimatter is mainly useful because it has a very high energy density but to produce it you need to put in more energy than you can get out of it which is why about the only large scale uses would be spacecraft propulsion and weapons (with pretty much everyone with some sanity left prefering the first usage).\n\nYou would need to produce antimatter somewhere, Earth would do although if I were planning a large scale interstellar programme I'd be more inclined to set up a production plant close to the sun for the abundant energy there.  Current production using particle accelerators is at a very low rate although it seems to be largely because the accelerators were designed for high energy physics experiments and not antimatter production so some optimisation for antimatter production should allow the production rates to increase quite a bit and costs to come down (though it'll still be in short supply on Earth).\n\nAs for how antimatter rockets would work:\n\nSome of them would fire the antimatter at something to heat it up and expel another propellent, say hydrogen, this has the advantage of requiring less antimatter but also causes a loss of performance with some of them even having inferior performance to much safer nuclear fission rockets.  Higher performance comes from the Beam Core design in which the products of the proton+antiproton reaction and sent directly out the back of the spacecraft though this requires a lot of antimatter.\n\nSome other proposals use very small amounts of antimatter to cause a fission or fusion reaction (or both) that otherwise could not have occured to provide propulsion.
532399
Anti-matter is real and produced in particle accelerators all the time. Other types of anti-matter are produced in cosmic rays.\n\nAs for collision with a black hole, everything depends on the mass of the black hole and what, exactly it is colliding with.  The way a black hole affects things is through gravity. If the black hole was about a solar mass or two (a small one) and didn't directly collide with any of the planets, the main effect would be to change the orbits of the planets as the black hole goes by. The gravitational field would be *identical* to that of a star of the same mass once you are far enough away from the black hole (a few million miles would be plenty).\n\nThe a black hole the mass of the sun actually hit a planet (an unlikely scenario since the black hole would only be a couple miles across), there would be a huge burst of gamma rays from the planet's mass going into the black hole. If there were enough gamma rays, that might make things unpleasant on earth even if the balck hole didn't hit the earth itself.\n\nA large black hole (a hundred solar masses or larger) that went through the solar system would significantly affect the orbits of all the planets, the ones that were closer being affected more, possible being thrown out of the solar system. An actual hit on a planet would have similar effects as described above.\n\nA microscopic black hole (say of a mass close to that of the earth) would not affect anything much unless it actually hit a planet. In that case, there would be a burst of gamma rays when it hit, but the planet would not necessarily be totally destroyed. if it wasn't, it would probably be in a very different orbit afterwards (unless it hit Jupiter, which is massive enough the orbit wouldn't change all that much). \n\nIn all cases, the particulars of how close the black hole goes to which solar system object is crucial to determine what the effects are. The size of the black hole is also crucial. Even an earth sized black hole directly hitting the sun would not have much effect if it came from above the plane of the planets. It would put on a good show and then continue its journey through space.
887030
Basically, it has to do with opposites. Every particle of matter has an opposite particle of antimatter. When these two come in contact, they annihilate eachother.\n\nIf every particle of matter were to find it's specific particle of antimatter, the universe would cease to exist. Theoretically.
235740
Use toothpicks and colored gumdrops.\n\nChoose a color for: protons, neutrons, and electrons.\n\nThen use the colored gumdrops to represent them. for example, use 2 blue gumdrops for the protons, 2 red gumdrops for the electrons.\n\nthen connect them using the toothpicks- so end result is it looks lke an atom with te protons in the middle (nucleus) and electrons on the outside.
1060065
It's EVERYWHERE, it seems!!!!\n\n\nMaybe this can help:\n\nhttp://livefromcern.web.cern.ch/livefromcern/antimatter/index.html\n\nhttp://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/antimatter_sun_030929.html\n\nhttp://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/ast29may_1m.htm\n\nhttp://www.matter-antimatter.com/
20450
Propulsion Techniques Anti-matter\n\nAnti-matter is explosive stuff! In a scientific sense, it is the opposite of the normal matter which comprises both us and our surroundings. Every type of particle in nature is thought to possess its own anti-particle – which will have the opposite charge to the particle itself. Originally theorised to exist by scientists in the first half of the 20th century, the fact that a matter/anti-matter reaction releases a hundred times more energy (per mass of fuel) than even the most powerful nuclear reaction quickly brought it to the attention of the science-fiction genre. “Star Trek” is probably the most obvious example of the basic use of anti-matter in science fiction. Star ships of the Federation use stores of anti-matter as their source of fuel, so that their ships are powered by a matter/anti-matter reaction. \n\nSometimes the use of anti-matter was as straightforward as being the ultimate rocket fuel, for example in the anti-matter rocket starships in Peter F. Hamilton's “The Nightsdawn Trilogy” (1990s). On other occasions, anti-matter has been viewed as the natural successor to nuclear reactors as the source of power of the future, a prime example being the “Starship Enterprise” from the 1960s television show “Star Trek” (not to mention its sequel series and film spin-offs). The “Enterprise” contained a central reactor core which powered the entire ship in which matter and anti-matter were mixed, releasing enough energy to boldly go where no-one had gone before! \n\nSome science-fiction authors have even asked what-if questions about anti-matter. In the book “Traces”, Stephen Baxter explores the idea that anti-matter might exist in space as large chunks of “anti-ice”, which could be mined and mixed with large volumes of normal water to provide, in the case of the story in question, an awful lot of steam power.
85426
nothing what's the antimatter with you! seriously though if you mean antimatter, it's a form of matter in which most of it's properties are reversed.
177569
All of the mass of the respective particles is converted into energy (radiation) according to E=MC^2. Find the mass of the particle you are interested in like a proton. The antiparticle (antiproton) is the same mass. \nA proton weighs 1.672622089*10^-27 kg (M)\nAn antiproton weighs the same.\nThe speed of light in vacuum (C) is 2.9979*10^8 m/s\nThe answer (E) is in J or W. I´m sure you can take it from here. \nYou might want to consider the much smaller energy unit of electronvolt (eV) when working with energy levels for individual particles. 1 eV = 1.602*10^-19 J\n\nA neutron (and an antineutron) weighs 1.674928579*10^-27 kg\nAn electron (and positron) weighs 9.109390332*10^-31 kg\nKnock your self out!
131022
Antihydrogen is the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen. Whereas the common hydrogen atom is composed of an electron and proton, the antihydrogen atom is made up of a positron and antiproton. Its (proposed) chemical symbol is H, that is, H with an overbar (pronounced aytch-bar; IPA representation [eɪtʃ ba:ɹ]).\n\nAccording to the CPT theorem (CPT stands for charge conjugation, parity reversal, and time/motion reversal) of particle physics, antihydrogen atoms should have many of the same characteristics as hydrogen atoms, i.e. they should have the same mass, magnetic moment, and transition frequencies between its atomic quantum states (this means that if we were to excite the antihydrogen atom by shooting a laser or microwave beam onto it for example, it should glow with the exact same color as that of hydrogen). Antihydrogen atoms should be attracted to other matter or antimatter gravitationally with a force of the same magnitude as ordinary hydrogen atoms would experience. (This would not be true if antimatter has negative mass.)\n\nWhen antihydrogen atoms come into contact with ordinary matter, they quickly annihilate and produce energy in the form of gamma rays and high-energy particles called pions. These pions in turn quickly decay into other particles called muons, neutrinos, positrons, and electrons, and these particles rapidly dissipate. If antihydrogen atoms were to be suspended in a vacuum, however, they should survive indefinitely.\n\nAntihydrogen does not occur naturally, and therefore must be manufactured by bringing together the necessary building blocks. In 1995 at the CERN laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland, it was first produced by shooting antiprotons, which were produced in a particle accelerator, at xenon clusters. When an antiproton gets close to a xenon nucleus, an electron-positron-pair can be produced, and with some probability the positron will be captured by the antiproton to form antihydrogen. The probability for producing antihydrogen from one antiproton was only about 10-19, so this method is not well suited for the production of substantial amounts of antihydrogen.\n\nIn recent experiments carried out by the ATRAP and ATHENA collaborations at CERN, positrons from a sodium radioactive source and antiprotons were brought together in a magnetic Penning trap, where synthesis took place at a typical rate of 100 antihydrogen atoms per second. Antihydrogen was first produced by these two collaborations in 2002, and by 2004 perhaps a hundred thousand antihydrogen atoms were produced in this way.\n\nThe antihydrogen atoms synthesized so far have a very high temperature (perhaps a few thousand kelvins), and so they hit the walls of the experimental apparatus and annihilate. The next goal is to produce antihydrogen having such low temperature (perhaps a fraction of a kelvin) that they can be captured in a magnetic trap. The antihydrogen atoms can then be interrogated by laser beams, so that their atomic transition frequencies can be precisely measured. If any difference between hydrogen and antihydrogen were observed, however small, it would indicate that matter and antimatter do not behave in exactly the same way. This may help explain why the observable Universe appears to be made entirely of matter and not antimatter.\n\nAntimatter atoms such as antideuterium (D), antitritium (T), and antihelium (He) are much more difficult to produce than antihydrogen. Among these, only antideuterium nuclei have been produced so far, and these have such very high velocities that synthesis of antideuterium atoms may still be many decades ahead.\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antihydrogen
227515
For lower mass stars like the sun they are powered by a fusion sequence known as the proton-proton chain.\n\nThe main chain of it (there are actually three variations!) goes along the lines of:\n\nStep #1  Two hydrogen nuclei (protons) undergo fusion and beta decay to produce a positron, a neutrino, and a mass-2 isotope of hydrogen (deuterium).\n\nStep #2 The deuterium reacts with another hydrogen nuclei (a proton) to produce Helium-3 and a gamma-ray.\n\nStep #3 Two helium-3 isotopes produced in separate implementations of steps (1) and (2) fuse to form a Helium-4 nucleus plus two protons.\n\nThe net result of this is that 4H -> He + energy.  The gamma rays and the resulting matter-antimatter anihilation of the positron all produce energy to drive the sun's luminosity.\n\nFor simlicity's sake I've excluded the neutrinos, as they only matter to the energy budget when you look at the reaction in extra fine detail.
1148812
There's a few parts to this question:\n\nCan we turn people into energy?\nYes; it's possible. If you had an equal amount of antimatter, you could annilate the human and get out twice the energy of the human (one lot from the human, one lot from the antihuman). You'd need antimatter, because destroying the subatomic particles that make up humans would violate certain conservation laws; you need to remove (or add) as much antimatter as you do matter.\n\nCan we send the information as a signal?\nThere's two parts to this; can we scan someone, and can we send the scanned information?\n\nScanning seems like it should be impossible due to Heisenburg's uncertainty principle; if you know where something is, you're not sure how fast it is moving, and vice versa. You'd need both pieces of information to classically scan the particle. \nHowever, there has been research into ways of doing so quantum mechanically, and apparently single subatomic particles have been teleported.\n\nHowever, there's an awful lot of particles in the human body; of the order of a billion billion billion, and that'd take a very long time to transfer over any sort of connection.\n\nPutting the pieces back together at the other end may also be tricky. And you don't want to lose any pieces!
420623
You can't. Alchemy is a myth. Without nuclear reactions, you can't turn lead into gold, or any element into any other element.
1172279
The anti matter is actually very unstable. It all got anhilited after reacting with the matter particles. The probability of an antiparticle  encountering a matter particle is very high because the matter is much much more compared to the antimatter, so probably most of the anti matter has already been 'burnt'.