With what and how can be measured temperatures above 4000 degrees Celsius: temperatures of millions degrees?
351351
Since no material can survive at the sorts of temperatures you're talking about, you can't use a probe of any sort. Temperatures have to be measured indirectly by e.g. measuring radiation.\n\nI've used a device similar in principle to a thermal imaging camera to measure the temperature of molten metals - this works on the basis of the well understood science of "black body radiation", this would work well for a few thousand degrees\n\nI guess you could apply a similar technique to estimate the temperature of the sun's surface. You'd need to know how far away it is, and how much radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere, but other than those complications by simply measuring the sun's brightness, some simple physics would give you a working figure.\n\nI suspect that figures from a particle accelerator are derived from scientific models of what's going on in there, along with known measurements (e.g. overall energy input/ output, amount of matter present etc.) rather than direct measurements, although again it may be possible to measure radiant output from the "reaction"
699168
No it's not possible. 0 Celsius is still 273.15 Kelvin.
10501
From Fahrenheit = (value - 32) / 1.80\n\nor use http://www.csun.edu/~jmj2600/hw4.html
225559
54.36 K\n(-218.79 °C, -361.82 °F)
450552
562131 degrees gordon - a new measurement
1128546
specific heat Q = mc(t2-t1)\nput everything in SI units..\nthen \n\n40,000= 500/1000 * c(68-20)\n40000=0.5* 48*c \nhence c= 40000/24= 1666.67 joules/kg oC.
337103
Temperature measurement
1026360
in theory, when the temp reaches absolute zero everything freezes and is -459.67 degrees F.  temps within a few billionths of a degree have been reached but the materials used in the experiment took on nontraditional states.  at the temp all molecular motion would cease so it would be impossible to reach the temp exactly.
101964
none, because the center of the earth is approximately 3000 to 5000 degrees celsius.
346994
Stated here:\n\nhttp://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Interior_Structure/interior.html&edu=high\n\nThe Earth's core heats to about 9000 degrees farenheit.  (if you have a different number, use that.)\n\nTo change Farenheit to Kelvin, you use the formula:\n\n\nK = (°F + 459.67) / 1.8\n\nso plugging in 9000 for farenheit, if my calculations are correct, the Earth's core should be about 5255.37 K
539791
The average specific heat capacity of a human body is approximately 3500 J/kgK
936982
http://www.badastronomy.com/mad/1997/hightemp.html\n====================================\nThis is actually not an easy question! It depends on what you mean by temperature. Here on Earth, in our cozy blanket of air at one atmospheric pressure, we think of temperature as how hot something is. But on a microscopic level, that really means how vigorously molecules and atoms are bumping into each other. The faster they move, the harder they bump, and the higher the temperature. \nHowever, have you ever wondered why water at 70 degrees Centigrade might scald you, but air at that temperature won't? Air is less dense than water, so it carries less energy total even if the temperature is the same. The atoms are jiggling just as fast, but there are fewer of them. \n\nI bring this up because there can be ridiculously high temperatures in the Universe, but they don't mean much! For example, the Voyager probe measured a temperature of over one billion degrees in the magnetosphere of Uranus. Imagine! But really what it was measuring were particles moving extremely quickly. If you stood (well, floated) in Uranus' magnetosphere, you wouldn't suddenly vaporize. On the contrary, you'd freeze! The particles may be very very hot, but there simply aren't enough of them for them to heat you up. \n\nSo to answer your question, probably the hottest temperatures reached in the Universe today are in the cores of supernovae (stars that explode), or possibly in the mysterious gamma ray bursters, extremely energetic explosions the cause of which no one knows. But the hottest temperature of all time would have been the Big Bang: since it had all the matter and energy squeezed into one point, it must have had nearly infinite temperature! \n==========================================\n\nhttp://www.phys.utk.edu/sorensen/pub/PAD_CV.htm\n\n Based on data from CERN in Switzerland we have finally been able to detect the emission of direct photons from heavy ion reactions. The implications of this discovery are huge. First of all: based on the slope of the transverse momentum spectrum we can deduce, that the photons are emitted from a fireball at a temperature above 300 MeV, which must be the hottest temperature ever measured of any object!! A temperature of 300 MeV correspond to a temperature of more than 5 trillion degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. More importantly, this discovery strongly suggests that the so-called Quark Gluon Plasma must have been created in the early stages of the fireball. Our discovery was prominently featured during the press conference at CERN in Spring 2000 and was mentioned in the front page feature in New York Times describing the potential discovery of the Quark Gluon Plasma at CERN. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 3595
407183
The highest man-made temperature was 520 million K. It was achieved by the JT-60 (JAERI Tokamak-60) reactor at the Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Nakamachi, Ibaraki prefecture, Japan, on 19 July 1996.\n\nThe lowest manmade temperature achieved so far is 450 picokelvin. It was achieved by a team of scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technologu in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
300814
the temperature at the inner core of the earth is at the high is about 7,000 degrees Celsius
251198
id say reactions can occur at any temperature above 0k. so 0.00000000000000000000000000000001K, the reaction would happen but really really really really relaly slowly. but thatz in theory. i have no clue bout pracitcally. i think the lowest temp theyve got to so far is either 4K or 0.6K. so ya.
441948
98.4degrees farenheit or 37 degrees celsius.it can vary a little.
50615
While it is not easily measurable, it is able to be calculated.  Seems the concensis is aroud one million degrees kelvin.