aplication of nanotechnology at oil refinery and oil syntesis?
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Search http://www.scirus.com/srsapp/
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Nanotechnology comprises technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0.1 to 100 nm (1/1,000 µm, or 1/1,000,000 mm). \nNanotechnology covers a wide range of industries, and therefore the potential benefits are also widespread. Telecommunications and Information technology could benefit in terms of faster computers and advanced data storage.\n\nFor the near-term, critics of nanotechnology point to the potential toxicity of new classes of nanosubstances that could adversely affect the stability of cell membranes or disturb the immune system when inhaled, digested or absorbed through the skin.\ninformation taken from the following link:(also, go there for additional info)
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you could write books on this of couse - I won't attempt to write one here - but you can view the following Microsoft case study that relates to work they did with respect to petrolium refining in India
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Nanotechnology\n\nTechnology development at the atomic, molecular, or macromolecular range of approximately 1-100 nanometers to create and use structures, devices, and systems that have novel properties.\n\nOr to put it another way\n\nNanotechnology is a catch-all phrase for materials and devices that operate at the nanoscale. In the metric system of measurement, “Nano” equals a billionth and therefore a nanometer is one-billionth of a meter. References to nano materials, nanoelectronics, nano devices and nanopowders simply mean the material or activity can be measured in nanometers. To appreciate the size, a human red blood cell is over 2,000 nanometers long, virtually outside the nanoscale range!\n \n  \n \nRecently, government and private institutions have devoted substantial research into finding potential valuable uses at this scale, as discussed below.
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Site Survey, Drilling/boring for oil well, pumping out petroleum, transporting the crude petroleum to Oil Refinery, Processing of Petroleum Oil at 400 degree Celcius and collecting of various petroleu oils ans bio-products like wax, bitumen, hydrocarbon, etc. at their boiling temperature.
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Nanotechnology is the next big step\nbut its really tough stuff
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What you are asking about is in the realm of surface science.  There are many analytical techniques and I will not try to go through all of them.  This is a good starting place: http://www.uksaf.org/tech/list.html
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Nanotechnology, currently, mostly has to do with materials science, via creating micro structures that can withstand extreme stresses in either longitudal (carbon nano-tubes) or rotational (bucky-balls) directions, and any connection to aerospace is merely a coincidental imagining of people who are dreaming up ways to use these new exotic materials for aerospace applications.  Nanotechnology, in essesnce, is 'building' materials (metals, plastics, polycarbonates) from the basic atomic/molecular structure up.\n\nCurrently the only applications that I have heard of are in relation to a surface to low earth orbit(LEO)'elevator' which would be used to hoist payloads from the surface to LEO.  This setup would be extremely fragile though and tend to break even with the current nano-materials available.  \n\nThe other area where it would be of interest and much more probably of use, is in the area of heat resistant applications such at heat shields for re-entering spacecraft.  Nano-materials can be engineered to be highly resistant to high temperatures without their material properties changing drastically.  This would be a far greater useablility than any sort of space elevator.
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Prof. Dr. Ali Erdemir, known as the Turkish genius of Tribology, has won the R&D Prize for the third time for his invention in which he has created the properties of a diamond by the use of nano-technology. The award is considered the Nobel Prize of Applied Sciences.\n\n   Prof. Erdemir's invention involves the transformation of carbide based materials into nano-structured, integrated carbon plates. In the carbon plate, which is said to be used in many devices, there are nano-sized diamonds, graphites and several carbon stages. The carbon plate becomes multi-functional by this nano-structure. With this improved technology, the size of carbon phases have been decreased to 5-10 nanometers. One nanometer is one billionth of a meter. \n\n\n\nhttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=37553
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I'm not sure about cars in our pockets, but nanotech is already happening, and yes it is changing our lives. In its simplest form, materials tailored at the nanolevel (a primitive nanotech) are already in stores. Nanomedicine, especially lab-on-a-chip technology is partially available and promises to revolutionize the way we do medicine. I don't know about some of the crazier promises (smart fog and such), but research at the nanoscale is changing our lives and will continue to do so.
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Nano technology is the science which deals with the particles of size measured in nano(10^-9) meters. Here you change the chemicals structurally right at the molecular level giving you the access to a set of entirely new properties...
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www.springerlink.com/index/V865UG7GQ737QR35.pdf\nhttp://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=membranes+in+refinery+gas+processes&hl=en&lr=
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Nanotechnology is a new technology just in its infancy and being researched in labs all over the world. In principle any device that is manufactured to a nano-meter or even micro-meter scale would be considered to be nanotechnology.\n\nAt the moment practical nanotechnology is limited to MEMs devices (micro-electromechanical systems). In the same way that you can etch and deposit onto a silicon wafer to create electric circuits, you can etch and deposit a bit more to make structures like micro-mirrors, cantilevers, micro-bridges and a whole host of other little things. Cantilevers for instance can be used to make very tiny accelerometers like the ones that initiate air bags in cars. Micro-mirrors will be used to make the next generation of visual displays after LCDs. There are many many more possible applications.\n\nYou can read more about this at www.memsstar.com
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Nanotechnology comprises technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0.1 to 100 nm. Nanotechnology is any technology which exploits phenomena and structures that can only occur at the nanometer scale, which is the scale of single atoms and small molecules. The United States' National Nanotechnology Initiative website defines it as follows: "Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications." Such phenomena include quantum confinement--which can result in different electromagnetic and optical properties of a material between nanoparticles and the bulk material.
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The statements are true, and nanotech is currently being used in over 700 commercially available products. One of the primary concerns is that the technology is currently being used without consumer awareness. \nAlternately, the use of some, such as carbon nanotubes for water filtration, needs more research to ensure
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Nanotechnology is the science of fooling around with materials, albeit at the atomic scale. In their constant endeavor at trying to understand the behavior of materials at the atomic level, scientists when from macro to micro, and now to the nanoscale. Its a known fact that the atomic radii of elements is of the order of a few 10s of angstroms (10 to the -10 meters). So essentially, when we talk of nano technology, we are talking about just a few atoms or molecules - the idea of stacking them together and their interaction with each other and the external environment. The implications of these are enormous. For instance, in the chip industry, as the sizes of the transistors keep shrinking, ultimately they are going to reach a stage where just a couple of atoms are going to be defining a transistor. This is what nanotechnology is all about. \n\nThe idea of "machines" is different at the nano scale. For example, a typical nano-motor wouldn't have shafts, like we're used to seeing. It might just consist of a structure made out of some piezoelectric material which undergoes nano-deformation upon application of a small electric field. Numerous such examples can be cited.\n\nAs for how it is done, one of the methods by which its implemented is through sputtering. Speaking in lay man terms, this is like building walls to the house, brick by brick, except in this case, the bricks are atoms themselves.
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Guess you might have tried to google it but you got the spelling wrong.\n\nNanotechnology is a field of applied science focused on the design, synthesis, characterization and application of materials and devices on the nanoscale. Nanotechnology is a subclassification of technology in colloidal science, biology, physics, chemistry and other scientific fields and involves the study of phenomena and manipulation of material at the nanoscale, in essence an extension of existing sciences into the nanoscale. Two main approaches are used in nanotechnology: one is a "bottom-up" approach where materials and devices are built up atom by atom, the other a "top-down" approach where they are synthesized or constructed by removing existing material from larger entities. A unique aspect of nanotechnology is the vastly increased ratio of surface area to volume present in many nanoscale materials, which opens new possibilities in surface-based science, such as catalysis. This catalytic activity also opens potential risks in their interaction with biomaterials.