Name the fossils fules  formed in the ocean. how it is formed?
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There's oil under the water. I am not sure how oil is made, I assume it has to do with the fossils of animals - in this case mammals, fish, and plants.
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If you are asking how rocks are formed, there are three main processes: 1) Igneous rocks are formed by the solidification molten magma from deep in the earth; 2) Sedimentary rocks are formed by pressure acting on sand or other small fragments under a body of water or under other rock layers; 3) Metamorphic rocks start as another type, but are changed into a different, often more complex structure or crystalline matrix by the action of pressure, heat, friction, and/or water.
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Fossils (from Latin fossus, literally "having been dug up") are the mineralized or otherwise preserved remains or traces (such as footprints) of animals, plants, and other organisms. The totality of fossils and their placement in fossiliferous (fossil-containing) rock formations and sedimentary layers (strata) is known as the fossil record. The study of fossils is called paleontology. Because fossils are by their nature old, the word has also entered the modern vernacular as a derogatory term for an elderly person. Fossils are like coal, oil, etc or u can try these:\n\n\nKind of fossils:\n1 Trace fossils \n2 Microfossils \n3 Resin fossils \n4 Pseudofossils \n5 Living fossils
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most people believe the seas are as much as 500 million years old because animals that lived then occur as fossils in rocks which once were under ancient seas. There are several theories about the origin of the seas, but no single theory explains all aspects of this puzzle. Many earth scientists agree with the hypothesis that both the atmosphere and the oceans have accumulated gradually through geologic time from some process of "degassing" of the Earth's interior. According to this theory, the ocean had its origin from the prolonged escape of water vapor and other gases from the molten igneous rocks of the Earth to the clouds surrounding the cooling Earth. After the Earth's surface had cooled to a temperature below the boiling point of water, rain began to fall and continued to fall for centuries. As the water drained into the great hollows in the Earth's surface, the primeval ocean came into existence. The forces of gravity prevented the water from leaving the planet.\n       All water, even rain water, contains dissolved chemicals which scientists call "salts." But not all water tastes salty. Water is fresh or salty according to individual judgment, and in making this decision man is more convinced by his sense of taste than by a laboratory test. It is one's taste buds that accept one water and reject another.\nOcean water is indeed a complex solution of mineral salts and of decayed biologic matter that results from the teeming life in the seas. Most of the ocean's salts were derived from gradual processes such the breaking up of the cooled igneous rocks of the Earth's crust by weathering and erosion, the wearing down of mountains, and the dissolving action of rains and streams which transported their mineral washings to the sea. Some of the ocean's salts have been dissolved from rocks and sediments below its floor. Other sources of salts include the solid and gaseous materials that escaped from the Earth's crust through volcanic vents or that originated in the atmosphere.
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The process as a whole is known as 'continental drift,' or 'plate tectonics'. This process is further divided into several processes: divergence, or where plates are moving away from one another as a result of lava welling up and cooling in a mid-ocean ridge; convergence, where two plates collide and either form mountains or subduct depending on their types; and transformance, where tow plates move at opposite directions parallel to one another. \n\nKnowing this, your question can be answered. You are describing convergance between either two oceanic plates or one oceanic plate + one continental plate. The process is also known as subduction, and can form large mountains and volcanic/seismic activity.
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4600 Formation of the approximately homogeneous solid Earth by planetesimal accretion  \n4300 Melting of the Earth due to radioactive and gravitational heating which leads to its differentiated interior structure as well as outgassing of molecules such as water, methane, ammonia, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide  \n4300 Atmospheric water is photodissociated by ultraviolet light to give oxygen atoms which are incorporated into an ozone layer and hydrogen molecules which escape into space  \n4000 Bombardment of the Earth by planetesimals stops  \n3800 The Earth's crust solidifies--formation of the oldest rocks found on Earth  \n3800 Condensation of atmospheric water into oceans  \n3500-2800 Prokaryotic cell organisms develop  \n3500-2800 Beginning of photosynthesis by blue-green algae which releases oxygen molecules into the atmosphere and steadily works to strengthen the ozone layer and change the Earth's chemically reducing atmosphere into a chemically oxidizing one  \n2400 Rise in the concentration of oxygen molecules stops the deposition of uraninites (since they are soluble when combined with oxygen) and starts the deposition of banded iron formations  \n2000 The Oklo natural fission reactor in Gabon goes into operation  \n1600 The last reserves of reduced iron are used up by the increasing atmospheric oxygen--last banded iron formations  \n1500 Eukaryotic cell organisms develop  \n1500-600 Rise of multicellular organisms  \n580-545 Fossils of Ediacaran organisms are made  \n545 Cambrian explosion of hard-bodied organisms  \n528-526 Fossilization of the Chengjiang site  \n517-515 Fossilization of the Burgess Shale  \n500-450 Rise of the fish--first vertebrates  \n430 Waxy coated algae begin to live on land  \n420 Millipedes have evolved--first land animals  \n375 The Appalachian mountains are formed via a plate tectonic collision between North America, Africa, and Europe  \n375 Appearance of primitive sharks  \n350-300 Rise of the amphibians  \n350 Primitive insects have evolved  \n350 Primitive ferns evolve--first plants with roots  \n300-200 Rise of the reptiles  \n300 Winged insects have evolved  \n280 Beetles and weevils have evolved  \n250 Permian period mass extinction  \n230 Roaches and termites have evolved  \n225 Modern ferns have evolved  \n225 Bees have evolved  \n200 Pangaea starts to break apart  \n200 Primitive crocodiles have evolved  \n200 Appearance of mammals  \n145 Archaeopteryx walks the Earth  \n136 Primitive kangaroos have evolved  \n100 Primitive cranes have evolved  \n90 Modern sharks have evolved  \n65 K-T Boundary--extinction of the dinosaurs and beginning of the reign of mammals  \n60 Rats, mice, and squirrels have evolved  \n60 Herons and storks have evolved  \n55 Rabbits and hares have evolved  \n50 Primitive monkeys have evolved  \n28 Koalas have evolved  \n20 Parrots and pigeons have evolved  \n20-12 The chimpanzee and hominid lines evolve  \n10-4 Ramapithecus exist  \n4 Development of hominid bipedalism  \n4-1 Australopithecus exist  \n3.5 The Australopithecus Lucy walks the Earth  \n2 Widespread use of stone tools  \n2-0.01 Most recent ice age  \n1.6-0.2 Homo erectus exist  \n1-0.5 Homo erectus tames fire  \n0.3 Geminga supernova explosion at a distance of roughly 60 pc--roughly as bright as the Moon \n0.2-0.03 Homo sapiens neanderthalensis exist  \n0.05-0 Homo sapiens sapiens exist  \n0.04-0.012 Homo sapiens sapiens enter Australia from southeastern Asia and North America from northeastern Asia  \n0.025-0.01 Most recent glaciation--an ice sheet covers much of the northern United States  \n0.02 Homo sapiens sapiens paint the Altamira Cave \n0.012 Homo sapiens sapiens have domesticated dogs in Kirkuk, Iraq  \n0.01 First permanent Homo sapiens sapiens settlements  \n0.01 Homo sapiens sapiens learn to use fire to cast copper and harden pottery  \n0.006 Writing is developed in Sumeria\n\n\nFor a Visual representation of all this go here:\nhttp://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/timeline/
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Igneous rocks-- formed from magma, extrusive or intrusive.  extrusive have small crystal forms ex. basalt, scoria, pumice.  Intrusive large crystals forms ex. granite, gabbro\n\nSedimentary rocks -- the only rocks that contain fossils, formed at the surface, formed from fragments of other things ie. rocks, fossils, woody plants (coal), or minerals crystallizing out of water (limestone) -- Are porous found in aquifers, oil fields.\n\nMetamorphic rocks -- forms from alteration of other rock with increased pressure and/or temperature.  Always in a solid state (they don't melt)called recrystallization, form new minerals that are stable at increased temperature and/or pressure, happens below the earth's surface (at depth).
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a traducir esta respuesta al español vaya a:\nhttp://babelfish.altavista.com/\n\nContinental drift is now referred to as Plate Tectonics. It is a well proven theory with multiple sets of observations that demonstrate that it is taking place today as you read this. The recent tsunami in Indonesia was an indirect result of plate tectonic movement that is taking place on the earth continuously. The Pacific Ocean is currently spreading by about 4 centimeters each year (about 2 inches). \n\nIf you examine the outline of many continents you will be able to see similarities in the shape, much like jigsaw puzzle parts that are not connected. South American and Africa are a good example of this. One interesting form of proof of the spreading that split South American away from Africa are oil reservoirs in West Africa and Brazil that have oil that is chemically and biologically identical. (All petroleum can be identified using special biomarkers and analyses as unique to its own source)  Since there is no way they could have migrated through the earth to these widespread locations, that oil must have been formed while Africa and South America were still connected. There are many more examples of biological organisms that are found on widely separated continents that are related. Another great example of this is that fossils found on Antarctica that come from tropical plants and wood show that that continent was once near the equator. Similar things can be found in northern Siberia, and northern Canada and Alaska. \n\nOther examples of this process and the jig-saw puzzle like pieces that have come together are many mountain ranges. In the high Sierra Mountains, above 10,000 ft elevations are deposits of marine limestone (now marble) that were once reefs on islands in the ocean we now call the Pacific Ocean. \n\nOver the past 250 million years a supercontinent called Pangaea has spread apart to the continents we know today. You can see a good illustration of this at \nhttp://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/lessons/Pangea/Pangea4.html\nThat site has some good diagrams of Pangaea and how it has broken up and the plates have moved. It also explains the mechanism. \nHere is an animated version that shows the breakup:\nhttp://www.scotese.com/sfsanim.htm\n\nPrior to Pangaea, there was another supercontinent called Gondwana and another supercontinent called Laurasia combined with Gondwana to form Pangaea. Prior to the consolidation of Gondwana was another supercontinent called Rodinia. This supercontinent formation is apparently and hypothetically a cycle that the planet completes every few hundred million years, moving continents, building mountain ranges, and rifting other continents apart creating new oceans. \nOne of the best web sites on the internet that shows the various stages of the planet's plate tectonics is the Paleomap Project here:\nhttp://www.scotese.com/earth.htm\n Here is an illustration of Rodinia\nhttp://www.scotese.com/earth.htm\n Here is an illustration of Rodinia\nhttp://www.scotese.com/Rodinia3.htm\n\nSource(s):\n\nI'm a geologist.
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* Igneous Rocks\nIgneous rocks are called fire rocks and are formed either underground or above ground. Underground, they are formed when the melted rock, called magma, deep within the earth becomes trapped in small pockets. As these pockets of magma cool slowly underground, the magma becomes igneous rocks. \n\nIgneous rocks are also formed when volcanoes erupt, causing the magma to rise above the earth's surface. When magma appears above the earth, it is called lava. Igneous rocks are formed as the lava cools above ground.\n\n* Metamorphic Rocks\nMetamorphic rocks are rocks that have "morphed" into another kind of rock. These rocks were once igneous or sedimentary rocks. How do sedimentary and igneous rocks change? The rocks are under tons and tons of pressure, which fosters heat build up, and this causes them to change. If you exam metamorphic rock samples closely, you'll discover how flattened some of the grains in the rock are.\n\n* Sedimentary Rocks\nFor thousands, even millions of years, little pieces of our earth have been eroded--broken down and worn away\nby wind and water. These little bits of our earth are washed downstream where they settle to the bottom of the rivers, lakes, and oceans. Layer after layer of eroded earth is deposited on top of each. These layers are pressed down more and more through time, until the bottom layers slowly turn into rock.
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The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean, covering approximately one-fifth of the earth's surface. The ocean's name, derived from Greek mythology, means the "Sea of Atlas." The oldest known mention of this name is contained in The Histories of Herodotus around 450 BC (I 202).
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Some rocks are formed from magma (lava) that comes from deep in the earth. THose rocks never have fossils because, hey, they were like, 2000 degrees and anything close to them was burned totally. \n\nSome rocks were formed from deposits at the bottom of ponds, rivers, mud flats along the ocean, and in the shallow ocean. Those kinds of rocks (shale, limestone) can have lots of fossils. Let's say that you had a pond at the end of a river where it meets the sea. Lots of dead stuff could float down the river and get caught in the mud. Then it would gradually get covered by more mud. After thousands or millions of years the mud would be really thick. It would be formed into rocks with the remains of the dead animals in it. Bingo. That's a fossil. \n\nThere are lots of grat books about fossils. Check it out at your local library. And most places in the USA there are rocks near you where you could go and dig up your own fossils. That would be cool.
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When plates are diverging they are pulling apart and magma can come up from under the crust to fill the gap. This can create mid-ocean ridges, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is an underwater mountain range that runs about the whole length in the center of the Atlantic ocean.
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It wouldn't be a rock it would be bone... made up of calcuim and prob covered in whatever layers of soil it's gone through over millions of years...\n\nFossils (from Latin fossus, literally "having been dug up") are the mineralized or otherwise preserved remains or traces (such as footprints) of animals, plants, and other organisms. The totality of fossils and their placement in fossiliferous (fossil-containing) rock formations and sedimentary layers (strata) is known as the fossil record. The study of fossils is called paleontology.\n\n Fossil fish of the genus KnightiaFossilization is actually a rare occurrence because most components of formerly-living things tend to decompose relatively quickly following death. In order for an organism to be fossilized, the remains normally need to be covered by sediment as soon as possible. However there are exceptions to this, such as if an organism becomes frozen, desiccated, or comes to rest in an anoxic (oxygen-free) environment such as at the bottom of a lake. There are several different types of fossils and fossilization processes.\n\nFossils usually consist of traces of the remains of the organism itself. However, fossils may also consist of the marks left behind by the organism while it was alive, such as the footprint or feces of a dinosaur or reptile. These types of fossil are called trace fossils (or ichnofossils) as opposed to body fossils. Finally, past life leaves some markers that cannot be seen but can be detected in the form of chemical signals; these are known as chemical fossils or biomarkers.\n\nFossil sites with exceptional preservation are known as Lagerstätten. These formations may have resulted from carcass burial in an anoxic environment with minimal bacteria, thus delaying decomposition. Lagerstätten span geological time from the Cambrian. Examples are the Cambrian Maotianshan shales and Burgess Shale, the Devonian Hunsrück Slates, the Jurassic Solnhofen limestone, and the Carboniferous Mazon Creek localities.\n\nThe oldest known structured fossils are most likely stromatolites. Now understood to be formed by the entrapment of sediment by mucous-like sheets of cyanobacteria[1], the oldest of these formations dates from 3.5 billion years ago. Even older deposits (3.8 billion years old) of heavy carbon that are indicative of even earlier life are currently proposed as the remains of the earliest known life on Earth.
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The earth has evolved geologically, chemically, and biologically.  Geologically:  When the earth formed, it was basically a molten mass.  It cooled, and settled into layers, with the densest layers in the center, and the least dense in the crust.  The atmosphere of the early earth was basically methane, ammonia, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.  The hydrogen escaped, the carbon of the carbon dioxide bonded with rock.I don't recall what happened to the rest.  But, when life began, it was life that found oxygen a poison.  However, when photosynthetic organisms appeared, they actually produced oxygen as a waste product.  Some forms of life evolved to be able to use the oxygen to permit them to more efficiently extract the energy from organic compounds.  As far as life itself is concerned, the first organisms, according to the current model, were extremophiles - they were one celled organisms living in extreme environments, such as the volcanic vents on the ocean floor.  Life gradually evolved from simple unicellular to more complex unicellular to multicellular.  Geologically, when the earth was new, there was very little land.  As a result of volcanic activity, grantic crust formed, which underlies the continents.  The continents, or rather the crustal plates on which they "float" have been moving since they formed due to convection currents within the earth's mantle.  So, the layout of the land forms has been changing, and with them, the ocean currents.  This has resulted in a gradual and constant change in climate.
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The Earth's rocky outer crust solidified billions of years ago, soon after the Earth formed. This crust is not a solid shell; it is broken up into huge, thick plates that drift atop the soft, underlying mantle. \nThe plates are made of rock and drift all over the globe; they move both horizontally (sideways) and vertically (up and down). Over long periods of time, the plates also change in size as their margins are added to, crushed together, or pushed back into the Earth's mantle. These plates are from 50 to 250 miles (80 to 400 km) thick. \nThe map of the Earth is always changing; not only are the underlying plates moving, but the plates change in size. Also, the sea level changes over time (as the temperature on Earth varies and the poles melt or freeze to varied extents), covering or exposing different amounts of crust. \nThe current continental and oceanic plates include: the Eurasian plate, Australian-Indian plate, Philippine plate, Pacific plate, Juan de Fuca plate, Nazca plate, Cocos plate, North American plate, Caribbean plate, South American plate, African plate, Arabian plate, the Antarctic plate, and the Scotia plate.
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Sedimentary rocks begin life as sediments (that is, clastic sedimentary rocks). To turn sediments into sedimentary rocks requires burial and compaction. Most sedimentary rocks form at depths of several hundred to several thousands of meters below the surface of the earth. In the Bahama Islands and other shallow tropical seas, chemical sedimentary rocks are being deposited on the sea floor all the time. It is hard to see this kprocess because it is slow and ongoing. In Death Valley and other arid closed basins, halide (salt) chemical precipitates are being deposited as ephemeral lakes evaporate. Once again, deposition is slow and these processes cannot be seen on a human timescale.
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Oceanic crust is fundamentaly different from Continental because of its origin.  Oceanic crust is formed as the continents move apart and new 'material' is forced between the plates.  You may have seen the video of lava being extruded at the bottom of the ocean 'toothpaste style'.  This forms round lumps of 'pillow lava' which have no crystals (because it cooled very quickly the crystals don't have time to form).  Below this you'll see the same material (chemically) but which forms columns of basalt (like Giant's causeway in Ireland) as it cooled slower.  Below this is the layered basalts which will form a much more massive block of basalt.  Below this is peridotite.\nChemically speaking oceanic material is basaltic whereas continental is granitic.\nContinental volcanic rocks are a lot less systematic in structure as they just intrude through thick layers of other material although they'll generally have larger crystals and will be lighter in colour.  \nBecause of their increased silica content they're more explosive and so this will be seen by the steeper sides of the volcanoes, pumice (solidified ash), etc.