How to distinguish a gene from others?
337111
A gene has a Open Reading Frame. An ORF starts with a start codon and ends with a temination codon and it can be grouped into triplet codons and will have a functional protein product.
925111
Something like 99.9% of any two humans genomes are identical.  Most of the differences between any two peoples genomes are single base differences in the junk DNA (most of your DNA which doesn't do anything). It is really a small number of differences between people that make us each genetically unique and different from all others. Those are just very small differences in a lot of the genes that we all have.
141218
In theory a DNA sample could be used to predict hair and eye color with reasonable accuracy, although we do not currently have a data base matching these phenotypes with allelic sequences.  However, when it comes to more complex morphological features (height, weight, shape of facial features, etc.), it would be virtually impossible to predict as the effects of environmental factors are enormous.\n\nWe do not currently have the ability to predict the conformation of a protein that would result from a particular sequence, and thus cannot determine the function except through direct experimental means or comparison with an identical sequence whose function has been experimentally determined.
1122259
The chemical structure of everyone's DNA is the same. The only difference between people (or any animal) is the order of the base pairs. There are so many millions of base pairs in each person's DNA that every person has a different sequence. \nUsing these sequences, every person could be identified solely by the sequence of their base pairs. However, because there are so many millions of base pairs, the task would be very time-consuming. Instead, scientists are able to use a shorter method, because of repeating patterns in DNA. \nThese patterns do not, however, give an individual "fingerprint," but they are able to determine whether two DNA samples are from the same person, related people, or non-related people. Scientists use a small number of sequences of DNA that are known to vary among individuals a great deal, and analyze those to get a certain probability of a match.
250838
Good God man you are on the net, you have more information than you know what to do with right at your finger tips. Go to Yahoo's main page and type genetics into the search bar.
961861
DNA comparison by electrophoresis. I've seen kits available in school divisions for science classes. On a similar note: paper chromatography to check if the composition of ink between samples are same or different.
1035639
Well the size of the gene wont help us much to identify your PCR product. It all depends where your primers are located. You can get the rough sequence at the ncbi's website and align you primers with it so you know the size of your amplicon.
910758
sorry im a high schooler who doesnt know exactly how to do it but i think to approach it:\n1) find genotype thats just a little bit of guess and check although you know which ones are dominate since they give capital letters and you know they're heterozygous\n2) order youll have to find again with logic and guess and check\n3) genetic distance will be the times that it screws up from what would theoretically happen. Each gene locus in distance is about 1% so the number of percents that accidently cross will be your distance of alleles in map units\n4) this sounds like you would have to do this inorder to get #3... I really dont know too much about this but thats my stab at process of how to solve\nIf there is a pro here, I'd like to know how to do this too
352787
There are certain identifiable characteristics that can be found in some blood samples. The most prominent example is Sickle Cell anemia.  \nThat's just from blood. However, from DNA markers, it is possible to identify certain genomes that would give you a pre-disposition to certain races.  It may not be a definative race, but it could narrow down possibilities until you can come up with a high probability.
826482
As I recall, the map unit is a 1% chance that two genes will sort independently. So, 13% will be al/+ phenotype, 13% dp/+, 37% are al/dp, and the other 37% are wildtype. I think... definitely check this before you accept it as true.
92766
The "I" stands for the isoagglutinogen gene.  Everybody has two copies of this gene, but know that this gene can come in different "flavors", what scientists call "alleles".  These flavors are Ia, Ib and Io.  The "I" indicates a single gene, and the a,b and o indicate the different versions, or "alleles", of this gene.  The "o" is termed recessive, because it "invisible" to the immune system, while "a" and "b" are dominant, meaning the immune system can identify and react with them.
925661
What a fascinating question.  I'm no geneticist, so take my words with such forewarning.\n\nI think if one were to closely look at human evolution, one would find a different degree in evolutionary history.  \n\nHow does one best differentiate the degree between races? That is not so debatable. Most scientist, today, do not recognize race.\n\nOnce upon a time they did it with "discernible" qualities based on "eyeball" measurements.  \n\nSkin color demonstrates this old fashioned method quite well.  And still, it counts for something, despite its inaccuracy.  \n\nOur world wide communication has increased, and people of different skin colors have discussed (and seem to agree) that human nature seems to be same, no matter where we are.  \n\nThere are good and bad people out there, despite the preponderance of race you live amongst.  \n\nThis could be comforting in the sense that no race is better than the other,  or discomforting in the sense that there will always be "different" people out there, no matter where you live.\n\nThe debate on "degree" of human evolution, in my humble opinion, should be viewed in light of the environment in which the human is required to adapt to.\n\nYes the degree of evolution among Humans is different, and so is the environment in which Humans live in.\n\nA current trend for scientist is to observe closely the Human genome and how it may or may not change within different situations.\n\nI suppose the phrase of "genetic adaptation" is appropriate to use here.\n\nSpecifically, I'm thinking of the adaptation of the Human gene 'hemoglobin' has gone through, in an attempt allow Humans to survive.  \n\nIn some environments Plasmodium parasitism has changed the degree of evolution by favoring the level of genetic adaptation in those with an altered (or evolved?) globin genes.  Having those altered genes in an an environment where Plasmodium is prevalent is a plus. (Please google "genes, hemoglobin, parasites, Africa).\n\nHaving those altered globin genes in a part of the world where Plasmodium is NOT prevalent might mark you as different.  Just like skin color.\n\nI sometimes wonder if race might better be described by historic ability to survive genetic insults.  \n\nDo you have an Alu element in NM_94327343?\n\nOr better yet, are you evolving differently because your Alu element at NM_94327343 is no longer methylated?\n\nTake home points: (1) Skin color is not a current basis of race.  (2) Environment suggestively role-plays in our differences during Human evolution.  (3) According to experts every time the sperm and egg "dance", there is an opportunity for a degree for evolution (Sorry I didn't expound on this in my answer, but it can be googled.  Try 'XX', 'XY', 'meiosis' as a point in a good direction).  (4) There are probably other reasons that Humans evolve to different degrees, and they might be unmeasurable at the moment. However, current standard genetic measures on "old" populations seems to say "yes, there are degrees of difference in human evolution".  \n\nI had a lot of fun thinking about your question.  I can't wait to see your other replies regarding this topic.  Don't forget to pass on your good Karma!
870015
genes, are made up of coded information. It is these codes or mutations of code that contain information that determine your characteristics.
430234
mostly determined by the genotype and mode of inheritance. Sometimes it can be epigenetic. some rules like mandelian inheritance, random seggregation, imcomplete penetrance, codomminance and give different phenotypes
1022711
This is nothing else than a short DNA or RNA molecule that can hybridize with only one variant of the DNA of an individual gene. As you know our genomic DNA involving a series of genes which coding protein sequences. The same protein can coded by different DNA sequence (these are the alleles or gene variants) because of the so called non coding part of the DNA (introns, promoter sequences) or simply from the fact, that an individual amino acid is determined by different codons (three base pairs of DNA coding one amino acid).\nThis allele specific oligonucleotide sequence means that we can detect and differentiate of several alleles of one gene.\nThe reason for why is another story...
608688
I think you need to be a little more specific.\n\nIncidently we have found many things that may be just as important as what genes you have in terms of what makes organisms similar.\n\nFor instance they have found that there can be variation in the number of gene copies you get (this even varies person to person). \n\nThere are various non-coding regions in DNA that may have functions we don't know about. For instance we know some of them are involved with turning genes on and off.\n\nProteins, the products of genes, are often altered after they have been made.\n\nRNA (chemically related to DNA) may have other functions we are currently unware of. The have found RNA that has been linked to turning genes on and off.\n\nRNA is the messangaer molecule that tells the protein making machinary (ribosomes) how to make a protein. Some RNA has been found that DOESN'T do this. They have found RNA in trees that is used to fight off viruses by binding to foreign virus DNA (this may happen in animals too). \n\nWe are learning lot of new things about RNA and post-translational (changes after proteins are first made) changes.\n\nSo don't judge similarity purely on DNA similarity because similarity is based on similarity genes rather than non-coding regions and the other things I talked about.
279794
figure out the efgfect of the enzyme. Or you can test DNA structure. Inhibitary enzymes have a blacked actionsite whereas activation enzymes have activation sites open to substrates