what is the effect of salinity on evaporation rates?
338742
Boiling point elevation, which means salinity increases the boiling point, and thus lowers the evaporation rates.
600353
Others have answered the question with drinking salt water.  The stomatas are pores in leaves that regulate the absorption & evaporation of water, along with gas exchange.\n\nDepending on the evnironmental condition, stomata will open up if there's lots of moisture in envoronment to absrob extra water.  If environment is dry, stomata will close to conserve its water content by reduing the evaporation.\n\nEffects of salt water on stomata, I'm not very sure but it's sure to give a lot of stress on the plant.  Stomata will open up a lot more in wet condition, and close longer & tightly during dry condition.\n\nSo main thing is, that if you give plants salt water, it's like giving very little water.
588420
sodium chloride and water
49972
As water flows in rivers, it picks up small amounts of mineral salts from the rocks and soil of the river beds. This very-slightly salty water flows into the oceans and seas. The water in the oceans only leaves by evaporating (and the freezing of polar ice), but the salt remains dissolved in the ocean - it does not evaporate. So the remaining water gets saltier and saltier as time passes.
828590
The major variable regarding ocean salinity is the 'Water Cycle.' Only pure water evaporates from oceans, lakes and seas. Not salt water. So, any body of water tends to get more salty over time. If all the water evaporates, all that is left is salt. That is why Utah has the great salt flats. The huge lake Bonneville evaporated and left behind miles and miles of salt. \n\nBut in the Water Cycle, the water that evaporates does not just stay up in the air. It forms clouds, rain or snow falls to Earth and flows down rivers back into the oceans, seas and lakes. The water that falls from the sky - not counting any pollution! - is pure water. The rivers and glaciers carry this water - with dissolved minerals and salts - back into the sea. \n\nThe concentration of dissolved minerals and salts of the rivers or glaciers is far less than that in the oceans. So near where fresher water is flowing into the oceans the salinity is lower than that out in the parts of the ocean where there is less rainfall.\n\n;-D There is a lot of water on planet Earth, but not much of it is drinkable! Don't waste water!
810676
Salinity is measures as the amount of salt content in water in ppt (parts per thousand).\nThe amount of salinity depends on the source of water that feeds water into the sea. At the sea bed there is sand, rocks and sediments which contribute to the salt content in the sea. If there are many fresh water rivers opening into the sea with continuous supply the salinity will be low. Also if there is continuous supply of melting snow (this happens near the poles), content of salt will be low. \nHowever, if there is not much of fresh water flowing into the sea, the salinity will be high. Also, if the rate of evaporation is high, salinity will be high (this happens in tropical regions) because water evaporates leaving behind salts.\n\nThe Dead Sea has the highest salinity in the world. In fact the density of water is so high due to salt content that humans can actually float on the water. This is because Dead Sea is completely land-locked and has no source to supply fresh water.
622178
Some things that will affect evapotranspiration are ambient temperature, exposure to sunlight, and relative humidity.  These things affect the rate at which water will evaporate or how plants will transpire.
1060793
Second law of thermodynamics: Entropy *always* increases. So if you add salt to water, entropy increases. If you then desalinate the water...entropy increases.
474034
It decreases, as everyone said. The reason may be given like this: water at a given temperature is just a bunch of molecules wildly moving around. The temperature tells you just how fast. Evaporation (water drying up) happens because some of the fastest molecules escape into the surrounding air. Now, evaporation happens faster at higher altitude: that is because there is less air, the air molecules are less bunched together. This means a water molecule escaping into air is less likely to be bounced right back into the water. \n\nNow boiling occurs when evaporation is so violent that the water cannot hold itself together any more. Again, it will happen more easily in thin air, that is, at high altitudes.
951858
Evaporites (IPA: /iˈvapərʌɪt/) are water-soluble, mineral sediments that result from the evaporation of bodies of surficial water.\n\nEvaporites are formed by evaporation of restricted bodies of water at the Earth's surface.\n\nAlthough all water bodies on the surface and in aquifers contain dissolved salts, in order to form minerals from these salts, the water must evaporate into the atmosphere in order to precipitate the minerals.\n\nIn order for this to happen the water body must enter a restricted environment where water input into this environment remains below the net rate of evaporation. This is usually an arid environment with a small basin fed by a limited input of water.\n\n--> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporite#Evaporitic_formations\n\nSedimentary rocks are laid down in layers called beds or strata. Each new layer is laid down horizontally over older ones. There are usually some gaps in the sequence called unconformities. These represent periods in which no new sediments were being laid down, or when earlier sedimentary layers were raised above sea level and eroded away.\n\n--> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rocks
372283
Salinity should be higher at the Poles than other places (this is what makes the thermohaline conveyor belt work).  Places of low salinity (at least on the surface) would include the Indian Ocean (where there is a lot of runoff from the Himalayas), the Northern part of Africa (near the mouth of the Amazon River), and the Western part of the Pacific Ocean (where it is always raining).
113677
Do you mean you added coloured powder?\n\nAny chemical added to water will affect the evaporation rate slightly, and so the different chemicals to give different colours will make a bit of difference.\n\nThe other thing will be how much energy different colours absorb - for example, black is good at abosorbing heat, whereas white tends to reflect heat. So the darker colours will have abosorbed more energy, heating the water quicker and causing more evaporation.
421925
Mass isn't affected by temperature theoretically...but if you look at it realistically, heat causes accelerated evaporation, which therefore causes a loss in mass.  So it depends on how you look at it.
52017
Wikipedia has some good sources on evaporation.
407396
Everyone who has been to the beach knows that seawater is salty. Everyone also knows that fresh water in rain, rivers, and even ice is not salty. Why are some of Earth’s waters salty and others not? There are two clues that give us the answer. First, “fresh” water is not entirely free of dissolved salt. Even rainwater has traces of substances dissolved in it that were picked up during passage through the atmosphere. Much of this material that “washes out” of the atmosphere today is pollution, but there are also natural substances present.\n\nAs rainwater passes through soil and percolates through rocks, it dissolves some of the minerals, a process called weathering. This is the water we drink, and of course, we cannot taste the salt because its concentration is too low. Eventually, this water with its small load of dissolved minerals or salts reaches a stream and flows into lakes and the ocean. The annual addition of dissolved salts by rivers is only a tiny fraction of the total salt in the ocean. The dissolved salts carried by all the world’s rivers would equal the salt in the ocean in about 200 to 300 million years.\n\nA second clue to how the sea became salty is the presence of salt lakes such as the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea. Both are about 10 times saltier than seawater. Why are these lakes salty while most of the world’s lakes are not? Lakes are temporary storage areas for water. Rivers and streams bring water to the lakes, and other rivers carry water out of lakes. Thus, lakes are really only wide depressions in a river channel that have filled with water. Water flows in one end and out the other. \n\nThe Great Salt Lake, Dead Sea, and other salt lakes have no outlets. All the water that flows into these lakes escapes only by evaporation. When water evaporates, the dissolved salts are left behind. So a few lakes are salty because rivers carried salts to the lakes, the water in the lakes evaporated and the salts were left behind. After years and years of river inflow and evaporation, the salt content of the lake water built up to the present levels. The same process made the seas salty. Rivers carry dissolved salts to the ocean. Water evaporates from the oceans to fall again as rain and to feed the rivers, but the salts remain in the ocean. Because of the huge volume of the oceans, hundreds of millions of years of river input were required for the salt content to build to its present level.\n\nRivers are not the only source of dissolved salts. About twenty years ago, features on the crest of oceanic ridges were discovered that modified our view on how the sea became salty. These features, known as hydrothermal vents, represent places on the ocean floor where sea water that has seeped into the rocks of the oceanic crust, has become hotter, and has dissolved some of the minerals from the crust, now flows back into the ocean. With the hot water comes a large complement of dissolved minerals. Estimates of the amount of hydrothermal fluids now flowing from these vents indicate that the entire volume of the oceans could seep through the oceanic crust in about 10 million years. Thus, this process has a very important effect on salinity. The reactions between seawater and oceanic basalt, the rock of ocean crust, are not one-way, however; some of the dissolved salts react with the rock and are removed from the water.\n\nA final process that provides salts to the oceans is submarine volcanism, the eruption of volcanoes under water. This is similar to the previous process in that seawater is reacting with hot rock and dissolving some of the mineral constituents.\n\nWill the oceans continue to become saltier? Not likely. In fact the sea has had about the same salt content for many hundred of millions if not billions of years. The salt content has reached a steady state. Dissolved salts are being removed from seawater to form new minerals at the bottom of the ocean as fast as rivers and hydrothermal processes are
346958
Yes, soil moisture.\n\nBut how about the degree of ionicity of the soil; wouldnt that depend on the kinds of minerals in the soil (which is likely to vary as well)...\n\nCordially,\nJohn\nhttp://www.GodSci.org
26865
Average salinity of sea water is 35 parts per thousand. Yes it does differ "slighty" place to place. The salinity of the ocean on the west coast is different than that of the east. It varies due to the various factors like the amount of freash water flowing into that part of the sea, water from ice, temperature, ocean currents etc.\n\nThe salt of the sea has been due to accumulation of various salts carried into it by the rivers. The water returns to the land due to the water cycle but the salt remains in the sea and over the (thousands of) years it has become much salty.\n\nThere are also other source like degrading biological matter.