how do you make ether?
344092
Ethers can be prepared in the laboratory in several ways.\n\nDehydration of alcohols: \nR-OH + R-OH → R-O-R + H2O \nThis direct reaction requires drastic conditions (heat and an acid catalyst) and is usually not applicable. Such conditions can destroy the delicate structures of some functional groups. There exist several milder methods to produce ethers. \nNucleophilic displacement of alkyl halides by alkoxides \nR-O- + R-X → R-O-R + X- \nThis reaction is called the Williamson ether synthesis. It involves treatment of a parent alcohol with a strong base to form the alkoxide anion followed by addition of an appropriate aliphatic compound bearing a suitable leaving group (R-X). Suitable leaving groups (X) include iodide, bromide, or sulfonates. This method does not work if R is aromatic like in bromobenzene. Likewise, this method only gives the best yields for primary carbons, as secondary carbons will undergo E2 elimination on exposure to the basic alkoxide anion used in the reaction. Aryl ethers can be prepared in the Ullmann condensation. \nElectrophilic addition of alcohols to alkenes. \nR2C=CR2 + R-OH → R2CH-C(-O-R)-R2 \nAcid catalysis is required for this reaction. Tetrahydropyranyl ethers are used as protective groups for alcohols.
876582
Ethanol, or ethyl alcohol.\n\nSplit the water (H2O) into H and OH.\nSplit one of the bonds of the double bond two form two new single bonds.\nAttach the H to one, the OH to the other, to form H3C-CH2OH.
2865
In synthetic organic chemistry, water free ethanol can  be produced by adding elementary sodium wire under a nitrogen atmosphere. The sodium will react with water forming NaOH and with the ethanol forming sodium ethanolate, which in turn would react with any water that should make its way into the liquid.\n\nTo remove the salts, you can distill in a water free environment.\n\nSodium wire is highly inflammable. You won't be able to get it outside of laboratories, for a good reason.
861843
Start with the Ca then balance the number of PO4 ions, then balance the Oxygen and the hydrogens should balance themselves out.  Its just trial and error. Monkey with it until it works.
933142
Yep, all you have to do is to make sure that the atoms shown in the left hand part of the equation appear on the left hand side.  Nothing is created or lost, you just make new compounds.  Dead easy, if only languages were so easy!!!
404143
go to your blacksmiths ( i recommen WH Blacksmiths) don't forget to take about a ton of iron ore with you this can be found in Mordor or just that massive mountain by your house boy, after you have mined there and taken the ore in a wheelbarrow to the blacksmiths (or public forge) smelt the iron in the forge until it becomes soft and creamy, use a small tea spoon and if it melts in the ore then its ready. Pour the contents onto a bracket of somesort (please search on yahoo for the proper name) and pour cold water over the mould to cool the ore and create a chemical reaction. Get a big hammer and whack the sword and shield in to shape, hammer it in the morning and hammer in the evening just hammer all over the "stuff". Once you have zen. You can now sharpen the sword on a wheel and one of those foot pedals that make the wheel spin, lots of sparks will fly off, so wear protective goggles and ask an adult to help you. Tie a piece of string to the shield as a handle (at this point you will probably be on the school bus trying to get everything perfect and finished so this will save time). Sorry I cannot help you make a flail, try Walmart. Hope this helped , I made a shield and sword for my sons "Narnia" playset.
841680
1) determine the mass of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.\ncarbon: 5.752 g x (12 / 44) = 1.569 g\nhydrogen: 2.354 g x (2 / 18) = 0.262 g\noxygen: 2.356 - 1.569 - .262 = 0.525 g\n\n2) convert to moles.\ncarbon: 1.569  / 12  = 0.131 mol\nhydrogen: 0.262  / 1  = 0.262 mol\noxygen: 0.525 / 16 = 0.0328 mol\n\n3) divide each molar amount by the lowest value\ncarbon: 0.131  / 0.0328  = 4\nhydrogen: 0.262 l / 0.0328  = 8\noxygen: 0.0328 / 0.0328 = 1\n\nWe have now arrived at the answer: the empirical formula of the substance is C4H8O
106494
First, distill off the alcohol. With ethanol, the best you can get is 95% purity, the remaining 5% is water. There are cheap zeolites and hygroscopic salts such as CaCl2 or NaOH available which can further reduce the amount of water. If you are still not happy, you can get absolute alcohols by using magnesium. And magnesium ribbons or turnings are relatively cheap, too. Place (50-100 g) magnesium in a flask, put some amount of alcohol just to cover the magnesium. Leave for a few hours until you see white magnesium alkoxide being formed on the surface of the metal. Caution: exothermic reaction. Use the tallest distillation column you can find. Do not stir the mixture. Just leave it there. When you have now a lot of magnesium alkoxide you can add more alcohol (up to 2 liters). The alkoxide will destroy any water in the alcohol and you now can distill off your absolute alcohols. For methanol and ethanol, formation of the alkoxide takes only a few hours. For other alcohols, you might need to activate the magnesium by adding some solid iodine and heating to activate the magnesium. Don't distill to dryness. The remaining alkoxide reacts violently with water. Use alcohol-water mixture when disposing them. Sounds fun, doesn't it? =)
437597
This website has a very nice description of how to make homemade soap\n\nhttp://www.teachsoap.com/soapmakingmethods.html
450594
if you can make a magic potion like how to make things gold
557678
Ah ha.  Thermite.  Magnesium ribbon would be the usual method to start this reaction.\n\nBe careful with this reaction...
430141
I will make NaOH from the electrolysis of brine(saturated NaCl solution) using graphite anode and mercury cathode. On electrolysis, sodium will combine with mercury to form sodium amalgam(Na/Hg). Then make that sodium amalgam to combine with water(H20) so that we can get NaOH.
418718
H2S\n\nthats two hrdrogens for every 1 sulpher\n\nso get pure hydrohen and pure sulpher and mix 2:1
148748
its pretty simple.\nyou need a pvc or pvp or whatever the fuck its called,pipe. some hairspray(seriously) a potato and a match. spray mad hairspray at the bottom of the pipe, insert potato. and light it up. (the tricky part is introducing the flame to the fuel.
628263
Make Bubble solution\n\nDifficulty: Easy\n\nTime Required: 10 minutes plus rest time\n\nWhat You Need:\n1/2 c. dishwashing liquid\n4 1/2 c. water\n4 T. glycerin\nlarge covered container\nbubble wands\n\n\nHere's How:\n1.   Combine 1/2 cup dishwashing detergent, 4 1/2 cups water, and 4 tablespoons of glycerin in a large container with a cover.\n\n2.   Mix well, then allow the mixture to rest, covered, until ready for use.\n\n3.   Pour bubble solution into a shallow container. Dip bubble wands -- such as cookie cutters, shaped pipe cleaners or wire -- into the solution and blow!\n\n\nTips:\nJoy is usually the recommended brand of dishwashing liquid.\nFor best results, use distilled water.\nAs an alternative to glycerin, some recipes recommend using white corn syrup.
714167
ethers: R-O-R (answer)\nPhenols: Ph-O-H\nAlcohols: R-O-H\nEsters: R-(C=O)-O-R
937251
Oxygen is produced usually as a gas or liquid from air by a method called cryogenic distillation. \n\nIt basically consists of cooling the air (which costs nothing as raw material) until it liquefies, and then distilling the different components (nitrogen, oxygen, argon, etc) as you would distill any other mixture.