How deep is the deepest any submarine can go under water and how is able to withstand the pressure?
339201
There are several types of submarines, both manned and unmanned, so I will run briefly through the different types:\n\nMANNED:\nMilitary Submarine - NATO designation Alfa, built and maintained by the then Soviets, now Russians (or Commonwealth of Independent States) is the deepest diving war submarine. While details are classified, it has been rumored that it can dive below the 2000 ft mark.\n\nScientific: The USS Dolphin, dived to 3000 ft.\n\nUNMANNED:\nScientific: Kaiko, operated by Japan, dived to 36,000 ft. This submarine was lost in 2003.\n\nSubmarines are able to withstand the pressure by using hulls, which is another word for the sub's skin. The hulls on submarines are usually a series of metal composites that are blended together in order to form a very strong alloy that will not give way to the pressure.
330123
i believe i heard somewhere that they can dive as deep as 1700 feet.
683367
skin and organs which are adapted to face damn high pressure\nsome bacteria to produce artificial light\nuses fluorescent tentacles to lure prey.\n\nThe deep sea is also an extremely hostile environment, with pressures between 20 and 1,000 atmospheres (between 2 and 100 megapascals), temperatures between 3 and 10 degrees Celsius, and a lack of carbon dioxide.\n\nIt has also been found that the deeper a fish lives, the more jelly-like its flesh and the more minimal its bone structure. This makes them slower and less agile than surface fish.
72142
The submarine by itself can stay underwater almost indefinitely.  However, with a crew, it can only stay submerged until supplies run out, which is about 6 months in more modern nuclear submarines.
631138
Water pressure is the force exerted by water on its surroundings.\n\nOne example is diving under water. At the surface, the air pressure is one atmosphere (atmosphere is a unit of pressure). If you dive 33 feet down, then the pressure is 2 atmospheres. 66 feet is 3 atmospheres, etc. This means, under 33 feet of water, the force exerted on you by the water is double the pressure of air at the surface (which you don't notice because you're used to it ... you only notice when it changes, such as when you go in an airplane and your ears pop).\n\nAnother example is in pipes. Water is pressurized so that it will flow out of your faucet when you open the tap. The air pressure at your sink is one atmosphere. As long as the water in the pipes is pressurized more than one atmosphere, water will flow when you open the tap.
1084007
The Mariana Trench (or Marianas Trench) is the deepest known submarine trench, and the deepest location in the Earth's crust itself. It is located in the floor of the western North Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands at 11°21′N 142°12′E, near Guam.\n\n[edit]\nDescription\nThe trench is the boundary where two tectonic plates meet, a subduction zone where the Pacific Plate is being subducted under the Philippine Plate. The bottom of the trench (Challenger Deep) is farther below sea level than Mount Everest is above it. The trench has a maximum depth of 10,911 meters (35,798 ft) below sea level. Taking into account its latitude and the Earth's equatorial bulge, this puts it at 6,366.4 kilometers (3955.9 mi) from the centre of the Earth. The Arctic Ocean, on the other hand, is about 4,500 meters (14,800 ft) deep, which would put its floor at 6,353 kilometers (3947 mi) from the Earth's center, some 13 kilometers (8.5 mi) closer.\n\n[edit]\nExploration\nThe trench was first surveyed in 1951 by the Royal Navy vessel Challenger II, which gave its name to the deepest part of the trench, the Challenger Deep. Using echo sounding, the Challenger II measured a depth of 5,960 fathoms (10,900 m, 35,760 ft) at 11°19′N 142°15′E. This sounding was repeatedly made using earphones to hear the return of the signal as the stylus passed across the graduated depth scale, whilst the timing of the speed of the echo-sounding machine, a necessary part of the process, was made with a handheld stopwatch. For these reasons it was considered prudent to subtract one scale division (of 20 fathoms) when officially reporting a new greatest depth of 5,940 fathoms (10,863 m).\n\nIn 1957, the Russian vessel Vityaz reported a depth of 11,034 meters (36,201 ft), dubbed the Mariana Hollow; this measurement has never been replicated and is not considered accurate. In 1962, the M.V. Spencer F. Baird recorded a greatest depth of 10,915 meters (35,810 ft). In 1984, the Japanese sent the Takuyo, a highly specialized survey vessel out to the Mariana Trench and collected data using a narrow, multi-beam echo sounder; they reported a maximum depth of 11,040.4 meters1 (this is also reported as 10,920±10 meters).2 The most accurate measurement on record was taken by another Japanese probe, Kaiko, on March 24, 1995: 10,911 meters (35,798 ft) 3.\n\n \nJanuary 23, 1960: Trieste just before the diveIn an unprecedented dive, the United States Navy bathyscaphe Trieste reached the bottom at 1:06 p.m. on January 23, 1960, with U.S. Navy Leuitenant Don Walsh and Jacques Piccard on board. Iron shot was used for ballast, with gasoline for buoyancy. The onboard systems indicated a depth of 11,521 meters (37,800 ft), but this was later revised to 10,916 meters (35,813 ft). At the bottom, Walsh and Piccard were surprised to discover soles or flounder about 30 cm (1 ft) long, as well as shrimp. According to Piccard, "The bottom appeared light and clear, a waste of firm diatomaceous ooze".\n\nAt the bottom of the Mariana Trench, water exerts a pressure of 1,086 bar (108.6 MPa or 15,751 psi), over 1,000 times the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level.\n\nIn the fictional movie The Core, the Mariana Trench is chosen as the entry point for the Journey to the center of the earth.
290343
The pressure on the surface is roughly 14.7 PSI. Each 10m of depth is equivalent to 1 atmosphere. Therefore, at 120m, it must withhold 12 atmospheres or 176.4 PSI.
1036795
There is an extremely high amount of pressure and weight underground. Things get compacted because of it. There are some parts of the surface of the Earth that we still can't explore because we haven't got the technology to withstand the pressure. (Mariana Trench)
61489
The length of time a nuclear submarine can remain submerged depends upon the amount of provisions stored onboard for the crew.  Storage space reserved for food is limited.  Extra food can be kept anywhere where there is room.  Often, the pathways of berthing are used for canned goods (one walks atop food for several weeks before it's all gone).\n\nOther than the limitation of food, the only other thing that would prevent a nuclear submarine from staying submerged would be air quality.\n\nAn atmosphere monitoring system tests the air (percentages of 02, CO2, CO, etc.) constantly to assure breathable air, while a carbon dioxide scrubber removes Co2 gas; a COH2 burner burns hydrogen (byproduct of the burn is water) and removes CO by passing it over a bed of lithium carbonate.  The scrubbers and the burner work quite well at maintaining safe levels.\n\nWhen the oxygen levels get close to a minimum for safe levels, either the boat ventilates (ship rises to periscope depth and outside air is sucked in with a blower; stale air is exhausted overboard) or it is decided that an oxygen bleed (venting oxygen into the ship from high pressure banks) should be started.  If an oxygen bleed is started, however, it can only continue for a limited time due to the increase in pressure it causes inside the ship; before the pressure increases above acceptable levels (above acceptable levels would cause a human's ear drums to burst and bleed out), the ship must ventilate to equalize with atmospheric pressure.  In case you're wandering, the oxygen aboard ship is actually converted in an oxygen generator from deionized water through a process called electrolysis.
23198
the deeper down you go the less the temperature changes.  they just get deep enough where they can survive, or at least where their eggs can survive
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Here is a cached page from an MIT project that contains info. and formulas. You will need to go to the page to see the formulas because they are images and cannot be cut and pasted here.\n\nhttp://216.239.51.104/search?q=cache:tTGUiKMyOvsJ:web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2005/a2/finalwebsite/equipment/transport/Hull.shtml+submersible+hull+pressure+resistance&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=1&client=firefox-a\nPressure Hull\nPressure Hulls – the structure that provides the occupants of an underwater submersible with a dry, pressure resistant habitat.\n\n   1. Shape - The pressure hull consists of spherical or cylindrical shapes in various combinations. Table 1 illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of various pressure hull shapes.\n\n      Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Submersible Pressure Hull Shapes\n      Shape \n\n      Advantages\n      \n\n      Disadvantages\n      Sphere\n      \n         1. Most favorable weight to displacement ratio\n         2. Thru-hull penetrations easily made\n         3. Stress analyses more accurate and less complex\n      \n         1. Difficult and inefficient interior arrangements\n         2. Large hydrodynamic drag\n      Ellipse\n      \n         1. Moderate weight to displacement ratio \n         2. More efficient interior arrangements than in sphere \n         3. Thru-hull penetrations easily incorporated\n      \n         1. Expensive to construct \n         2. Difficult to perform accurate structural analysis\n      Cylinder\n      \n         1. Inexpensive to construct \n         2. More efficient interior arrangements than in ellipse\n         3. Low hydrodynamic drag\n      \n         1. Least efficient weight to displacement ratio\n         2. Interior frames required to increase strength\n\n   2. Materials\n\n      The selection of an appropriate pressure hull material is based on the following criteria:\n\n         1. Corrosion Resistance – the ability of a material to resist its deterioration by chemical or electrochemical action within its environment.\n         2. Resistance to Stress-Corrosion and Cracking – the ability of a material to resist failures caused by the combined action of a flaw (e.g. a crack) and tensile stress.\n         3. Resistance to Low Cycle Fatigue – the ability of a material to withstand localized fluctuating stress.\n         4. Creep Resistance – the ability of a material t withstand permanent deformation over time.\n         5. Stress Relief Embrittlement – the process by which localized residual stresses in a metal are reduced by the reduction in the normal ductility when a metal is heated to a suitable temperature and slowly cooled.\n         6. Resistance to Brittle Fractures – the ability of a material to resist failures with little or no plastic deformation.\n         7. High Strength to Density Ratio – the material must be strong and light.\n         8. High Ductility – the ability of a material to deform plastically without fracturing.\n         9. Fracture Toughness – the ability of a cracked material to resist catastrophic propagation of cracks.\n        10. Weldability – the property of a material which allows it to be welded under normal conditions.\n        11. Formability – the ability of a metal to be shaped through plastic deformation.\n\n          Submarine pressure hull are usually made of steel, aluminum, titanium, acrylic plastic and glass. However, the most widely used material is steel, because of a high degree of knowledge available to designers and manufacturers as well as of its outstanding performance in the ocean.\n\n          Aluminum is generally considered unacceptable as a pressure hull material because it is unweldable and is subject to stress-corrosion cracking. Nevertheless one solution would be to bolt the hull together instead of welding and anodize it to resist stress-corrosion cracking. Pure titanium is too susceptible to stress-corrosion at high tensile stress levels, but titanium graphite
974992
u should get a water resistant watch.  ive been swimming w/ one 4 a while, and any depth is ok.
951347
Super-silent obviously is good for submarines.  High-tech is irrelevant.  The question is how efficient, reliable and cost-effective it is.  The chance the US navy has overlooked such a technology is about 1 in a gazillion.
225537
At sea level, the pressure the air exerts downward is at 1 atmosphere (normally).  If you decend 32 feet below water, the water pressure acting on you is 1 atmosphere as well, even greater as you go deeper.\n\nWhen you try to suck air down underwater, the water is trying to push it back up.  At some point, you just wont have enough "sucking power" to over come the weight of the water.
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According to Wicipedia, Oceanic trenches are typically 3 to 4 kilometers deeper than the surrounding sea floor. The average overall depth of the ocean is 4 kilometers. And the Deepest part of the the ocean is the Marianas Trench in the Pacific which reaches depths of 11,000 meters.  \n\nAccording to SJWamback, Ocean trenches such as the Marianas Trench are the places where giant slabs of ocean floor actually sink back toward the mantle of the earth and melt. These trenches and subduction zones are a portion of the process of Plate Tectonics which moves Earth's continents and sea floors and recycles the entire crust of the Earth throughout its history.   Deep Eh?   \n\nSuzi from Buffalo
1183589
some types of guns work underwater
201341
the reason is because at sea level, air pressure is measured to be one atmosphere or atm (there are other units of measure, such as mm of Hg, pascals, torrs, but the atm is easiest to remember) our bodies deal with that pressure every day (more if you are below sea level and less if you are above sea level)  when you go under water, you not only have the pressure of the water above you, but also the pressure of the atmosphere as well (every 33 ft of water deep is equal to 1 atmosphere)\n\nso, in short, you can be crushed by atmospheric pressure, it's just that our bodies can withstand that of the earth's.\n\nhope that helps!!