What are stars made of?
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It depends on what stage they are in.  When stars are young, they are mostly hydrogen.  As they get older, they become mostly helium.  When really big stars come near the end of their lives, they start producing all sorts of other elements (carbon, iron, silicon, etc.), and neutron stars are made up of neutrons (effectively no elements, just elementary particles).
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The stars emit particles that reach us.
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The result is there for all of us to see. The stars and other celestial objects are the result of many such nuclear reactions. The sun is a big fusion reactor. Beginning with the lightest elements like helium and hydrogen the process of fusion gives rise to heavier and heavier elements. Some times stars are overcome by their own mass and implode to become a black hole or explode as a supernova releasing enormous amounts of matter and energy into space. In comparison the worlds biggest nuclear bomb will appear like a pop-gun. Will the sun implode or explode. Luckily  - no. But over time it will swell into what is called a red giant, swallowing Mercury and Venus. But I think by the time that happens we would have colonised Mars!
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Stars are like our Sun. Not comets at all. Comets are dirty, big snowballs that have no light at all. The twinkling comes from heat radiating from earth which makes the light spectrum shift in different colours. Symbols that represent something doesn't often look like the original. Take the symbol for a heart for example. But it's easy! :) Try to draw a immensly huge boiling, burning piece of gas that throws tons of particles out from it in lightning speed and see if anyone understands what you drew. Now try to make it into a character that you can type on a keyboard :)
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Stars "die" when they run out of hydrogen to turn into helium. Estimares of their life-expectancy are based on spectroscopic evidence of their current composition.
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In lay man's terms:\n\nA star: a huge ball of fire, emitting heat and light, mostly composed of gasses and the source of the heat is the nuclear reactions happening isnide it due to the massive pressure in its core. An example is the sun, the temperture of its surface if more than 5000 degress centigrade, while the temperature of its core is several million degrees. A star is 'usualy' much larger than planets(thouthands to millions of times larger) . Some stars have planets orbiting around them (e,g, our sun)\n\nPlanets: Intert masses that do not emit light or radiate heat. Planets revolve around stars and are far much smaller than stars(e.g. earth, mars, saturn, jupiter,etc). Some planets have moons(much smaller planets) revolving around them.Mostly planets are solid masses, but sometimes they are made of gases. The temperature of planets is far cooler than stars.
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The origins of stars are dust in the cosmos. All matter of mass be it solid, liquid or gas have magnetism. The attraction of one particle to another is found in the formula of Pi = infinity in accordance with The Theory of Everything \nFor a free copy of the document make your reply to Einstein@peoplepc.com
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Stars are like the sun, except they are very far away.  Although made from elements that are gases on earth, the stars are not made of gases.  Their gravitational mass compressed the elements to the point of thermonuclear fusion (just like a huge hydrogen bomb).  This fusion reaction give off photons of light (which is why stars shine and the sun “feels” hot).\n\nPlanets are similar to the earth.  Made of different components, some solid, some usually liquid or gaseous.  Planets do not shine of their own light, but reflect the light from the sun.  Planets tend to travel in somewhat fixed orbits around stars.  In addition, some planets have moons circling them.
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milky way is our own galaxy.sThe compositions of stars are determined through spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study of something using spectra. Recall from the electromagnetic radiation chapter that a spectrum is what results when you spread starlight out into its individual colors. By noting what absorption lines (or sometimes, emission lines) are present and their strengths, you can find out a tremendous amount of information. Stars have absorption lines patterns similar to the Sun. This means that they are composed mostly of hydrogen and helium with traces of other elements. \n\nFrom these absorption lines you learn some important things beside the star's composition: \n\nStructure of stars: From the simple fact that you see absorption lines in most stellar spectra, you know that the stars must have a hot dense part that produces a continuous spectrum and an outer layer, or atmosphere, made of cooler, low density gas. The general trend is density and temperature of stars decreases as the distance from the star's center increases. The hot dense part is also gaseous because of the extreme temperatures. Stars have no molten rock in them like the interiors of some of the planets. \nmass of stars:\nTo determine the masses of stars, Kepler's third law is applied to the motions of binary stars---two stars orbiting a common point. The greater the combined mass of the two stars, the greater the gravity acceleration is, and, therefore, the smaller their orbital period. A majority of the several hundred billion stars in the Galaxy are in a system with two or more stars orbiting each other. Usually the binary stars are spectroscopic binary stars. A spectroscopic binary system is two stars orbiting a common point at too great a distance away from us to resolve the two stars individually, but whose binary nature is indicated in the periodic shift of their spectral lines as they orbit around each other. Spectroscopic binary stars are used because (a) there are a lot more far away stars than nearby ones and (b) more importantly, you can easily measure their speeds from the doppler shifted lines. \ncolour of star:\nHot stars appear bluer than cooler stars. Cooler stars are redder than hotter stars. The ``B-V color index'' is a way of quantifying this using two different filters; one a blue (B) filter that only lets a narrow range of colors or wavelengths through centered on the blue colors, and a ``visual'' (V) filter that only lets the wavelengths close to the green-yellow band through. \nA hot star has a B-V color index close to 0 or negative, while a cool star has a B-V color index close to 2.0. Other stars are somewhere in between. Here are the steps to determine the B-V color index: \n\nMeasure the apparent brightness (flux) with two different filters (B, V). \nThe flux of energy passing through the filter tells you the magnitude (brightness) at the wavelength of the filter. \nCompute the magnitude difference of the two filters, B - V. \n\nok thats all,
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A star produces it's own light, a planet does not, it merely reflects the light of the star. Because a star producing it's own light, it will glow brightly, dim, then glow again........this is the twinkling effect, much like the flame from a match, or any burning fire. :)
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To Answer the First part:\n\nThe life of a star is a continual struggle between the two forces of GRAVITY and NUCLEAR ENERGY. \nThe star’s self gravity or weight tries to compress the star into a smaller sphere of gas. But when a gas is compressed it gets hot, and in the core of a star the gas gets so hot (10 million Kelvins or more) that nuclear reactions occur. In a star like the Sun the nuclear reactions release more energy each second than one billion hydrogen bombs. As this energy works its way out of the star it balances the star’s self-gravity. For most of a star’s life an equilibrium is maintained between self gravity and energy.\n\nPSS Part 2\n\nNot sure what they want here. Since the "young star" is formed from the older star dust, it would have a higher proportion of heavier elements (like Iron and Silicon), since those elements would have been created in the older stars. A new protostar would never have been exposed to these heavier elements, so it would be still Hydrogen and Helium.
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Stars are huge, very, very hot balls of gas that shine brightly. Stars like all other matter is made up of millions of atoms. The simplest and lightest element is hydrogen gas. Enormous clouds of hydrogen gas and dust particles form in space. Gravity draws the dust and gas close together forming a huge clump, or mass.\n\nAs more and more matter is added to the mass, its gravity increases. This pushes the atoms of hydrogen gas closer and closer together. The mass begins to contract, or get smaller. It also gets denser and hotter. The center is hottest of all because the atoms are being squeezed together. The heat creates tremendous energy. Energy is the power necessary to make things happen.\n\nFinally, the crowding of the atoms, the heat, and the violent energy forces the hydrogen atoms to combine. This makes a new and heavier element called helium. The change of hydrogen gas to helium gas is called thermonuclear fusion. When this happens a star is born.\n\nTherefore , stars appear to be circular in shape because of the gravitational pull the mass exerts from all sides. It attracts hydrogen and dust particles with equal force from all sides and hence from a distance when we look at a star , it appears like a shining ball to us. When the Helium gas reaction takes place , it still appears cirular to us since the gravitational pull inside the star holds it together with equal force in all directions. \n\nThroughout a star's life, thermonuclear fusion goes on in its core, creating enormous energy. That energy becomes light and heat. It makes the star shine.\n\nThe new star will shine in the heavens for billions of years. It will stay that way until all its hydrogen gas has changed to helium.\n\nWhen a star has finally turned all its hydrogen into helium it is nearing the end of its life. Scientists believe that the amount of mass left in the dead star determines what will become of it.\n\nWhen a star has finally turned all its hydrogen into helium it is nearing the end of its life. Scientists believe that the amount of mass left in the dead star determines what will become of it.\n\nWhen an even bigger star — a giant star — uses up all its energy, it collapses even more than a white dwarf. Its mass and gravity are much greater. No space is left between the atoms. Electrons and protons inside the atoms are pushed together. They become neutrons and the giant star shrinks to a very small size. It is called a "neutron star" and is usually only a few kilometers in diameter. But its mass is so great that a tiny bit of neutron star — less than a teaspoonful — would weigh about half a trillion kilograms. That's as much as a long freight train loaded with bricks!\n\nSometimes, when a giant star collapses, particles called neutrinos are forced out of the atoms. As the neutrinos burst forth from the dying star, the star shines more brightly than any other object in the galaxy. It looks like an enormous sparkler. This is a "supernova."\n\nWhen the amount of mass left in a dying star is three or more times the mass of the sun, something very mysterious happens. A star this massive shrinks much faster than the white dwarf and the neutron star. Its force of gravity is very great. Nothing can escape it — not even light, which moves faster than anything else in the universe. This star becomes a "black hole."\n\nMany astrophysicists believe that there are black holes at the center of most galaxies, including our Milky Way. Although that may be so, our solar system is too far removed from the black hole for us to be influenced by its pull of gravity.\n\nAnother popular belief about black holes is that it can be a very vital tool in time travel\n\nCheck these links :) very interesting :) \n\nhttp://www.astronomycafe.net/qadir/q285.html\nhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/time-travel3.htm
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They should be more properly refered to as a "stellar remnant."  When a low mass star runs out of material that it can fuse in the core it puffs off all of it's outer layers and waht is left over is the hot, dense (generally carbon) core of the star.\n\nThe white dwarf is bright due to being very hot, but it will cool over a very long time.  Often times one will see a definition that a true "star" is an object that can suport fusion in it's core.  A white dwarf has no more core fusion, and is mearly a very, very hot ball of ultra-dense carbon (plus some other elements mixed in for fun).
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the fundamental particle is hydrogen \n\nso all the stars r made of H2\n\nthe hydroen atoms undergo nuclear fusion to form helium \n\nn other higher elmts\n\nthat's wat the secret of universe
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We are all related.  You will see scientists, who mainly believe in the big bang theory, will often describe us as "stardust".  The reason for this is that when planetary nebula are being created, and a star results, the leftover matter from the new star is what planets condense from.  They are made of the same basic materials.  \n\nIn addition, every basic element on the periodic table from hydrogen to iron (including carbon; e.g. "carbon-based life forms" such as us) is naturally produced inside the sun, and every larger element can be produced from the same basic ingredients by other processes.  \n\nIt is no coincidence that we (and everything else) are made of the same elements as the rest of the solar system and much of the universe.
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You've almost answered your own question:  Stars are "stationary" sources of energy (nuclear) and give off light.  Planets do not and they orbit stars.
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All kinds of materials. But the important thing to note is, that NASA did not make the Hubble Space Telescope, by and large. This work was done by contractors.