a biochemistry question
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Expecting you to know the structure of DNA...\nthe enigmatic enzyme known as DinB DNA polymerase is specialized for proficient and accurate replication of a particular kind of damaged DNA.\nDNA is assaulted daily by toxic chemicals, metabolic byproducts, sunlight, and other forms of radiation. Most of the nicks and dings are quickly fixed by the cell's fleet of precision DNA repair processes, which can surgically excise and replace a faulty section. \nBut sometimes a damaged bit of DNA slips through unrepaired. A faulty nucleotide—the basic constituent of DNA—can stall the temperamental DNA replication machinery as it unwinds and copies the genome in dividing cells. In humans, uncorrected DNA errors passed along to the new daughter cells can lead to cancer. \n\nWhen DNA integrity is at stake, a family of proteins known as translesion DNA polymerases comes to the rescue. They cannot actually repair a damaged strand of DNA, but they can smooth over the problem by inserting a nucleotide opposite the damaged partner, so the DNA replication machinery can finish duplicating the chromosome despite the damaged DNA. This trick is usually referred to as a DNA damage tolerance mechanism.\nThe molecular building blocks of DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine - A, C, G, and T in the shorthand of molecular biology. In different combinations, they make up the genes that code for the proteins that carry out the routine and complex tasks necessary for life.\nthe enzyme DinB is exceptionally skilled at copying over a particular kind of damage to the G nucleotide. When the main DNA replication machinery stalls at the damaged G, the DinB translesion polymerase recognizes the G and adds its chemical partner, C, to form the correct base pair in the new chromosome.\na single change in the amino acids that make up DinB will strip it of its unique talent and change it into an ordinary polymerase.
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Biochemistry\n\nThe chemistry of biology, the application of the tools and concepts of chemistry to living systems. \n\nBiochemists study such things as the structures and physical properties of biological molecules, including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids; the mechanisms of enzyme action; the chemical regulation of metabolism; the chemistry of nutrition; the molecular basis of genetics (inheritance); the chemistry of vitamins; energy utilization in the cell; and the chemistry of the immune response.\n\nFields closely related to biochemistry include biophysics, cell biology, and molecular biology. Biophysics applies to biology the techniques of physics. Cell biology is concerned with the organization and functioning of the individual cell. Molecular biology, a term first used in 1950, It overlaps biochemistry and is principally concerned with the molecular level of organization. \n\nThe science of biochemistry has also been called physiological chemistry and biological chemistry
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H\n |    \nC=O:  (You need 2 lone pairs on Oxygen)\n |   \nH\n\nIt doesnt get much better than that :)
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I would have to guess that it involves the neutralization reaction of more than 2 substances.\n\nJust a guess
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Molecular Biology of the Cell
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mostly acids. do your own homework
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Too many to list and explain here, without copying and pasting  --and why should I do all your uni work for you? ;-)\n\nI will recommend a couple of good text books through.  Well worth a purchase or just get them on loan from your library...\n\nAlberts et al, Molecular Biology of the Cell\nStryer, Biochemistry\n\nIt's been since I bought mine.  Think I got editions 2 & 7 back in 1996 and I know both have been updated a couple of times since.  These are still a GREAT basic resourse for this sort of question.
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Using the Michaelis-Menten equation.\n\nMore details on teh attached link\n\nhttp://www.le.ac.uk/by/teach/biochemweb/tutorials/michment2print.html\n\nGood luck
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Biochemistry because it also involves the values of chemistry only it deals w/ organisms and chemicals in the body.
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More info is necessary.\nHow were the enzymes prepared and purified?\nWhat's your exact experiment?\nDo you see an increase in enzyme activity when you put both Ca and EDTA at the same time and if so at which molar ratio of the two effectors?\nDo you also see activation for each effector separately? How does it compare quantitatively to the effect of the combination of the effectors?\n\nMy wild guess would be that Ca+2 is an allosteric activator, EDTA removes another metal that was co-purified with the enzyme and the latter metal is an inhibitor. If  both have a positive effect on their own and an even higher when combined then it could be the case.\nAnother more extreme case is that EDTA removes the catalytic ion (if it can form a more stable complex than with Ca) and Ca takes its place. Then EDTA alone should kill the reaction while in combination with Ca have a positive effect. However this is a quite improbable scenario since enzymes usually have evolved for best performance and thus the enzyme would be expected to have the very common Ca+2 in the catalytic center to begin with, if Ca+2 aids the reaction more.
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E is the answer.   i think its about 2 produced during glycolysis,  30 or 32 from TCA cycle and another 2 from going from glycolysis to TCA
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A=T (U for RNA)\nG=C\n\nRNA has\n15 U\n30 A\n35 G\n32 C
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I'll give some examples and some brief explanations right here:\n\nSubstrate = A substrate is a compound that binds to an enzyme and is converted to a product.  In other words, a substrate is something an enzyme digests.  Anything that is digested is the substrate.\n\nEnzyme = Enzymes are globular proteins, larger in size compared to their substrates.  In other words, they are made up of proteins and digests substrates.\n\nNow, enzymes are 'digesters' and one kind of enzyme can only bind to one kind of substrate.  (e.g. Enzyme A can only bind to Substrate A and not Substrate B)   \n\nLactose = substrate\nLactase = enzyme\n\nHow do I know???\n\nMost substrates have an 'O' to replace the 'A' in Enzymes.\n\nNow, what happens after the enzymes bind/digest to the substrate?\n\nIt converts the substrate into smaller products.  In the Maltose case, maltOse gets digested by maltAse into glucose.  So, glucose in the final product\n\nillustrated by:\n\n``````````(is digested by)\n``````````````Maltase\nMaltose    ---------------->  Glucose\n(substrate)``(enzyme)``(Product)\n\n\nAnother illustrated example:\n\nProtein as the substrate.\n\n````````(is digested by)\n```````````````Pepsin\nProtein      ------------------>  Peptones/Large Polypeptides\n(Substrate)  ```(Enzyme) ````````````````(Product)
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_%28biology%29\n\ndoes this help any?
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I am not a chemistry student but I make this research for you and maybe it helps you http://www.chem.latech.edu/~deddy/chem104/104Antacid.htm\nhttp://www.chemcool.com/regents/acidsbasessalts/aim3.htm\n\njust copy those links and you should be on your way to solve ur problem.
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d. proteins\n\nThey are the bonds that hold amino acids together in proteins
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www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=55 - 66k \n\nwww.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/ tutorials/chemistry/page2.html - 7k - \n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bond