Looking for a definition for Superficial and deep tendon reflexes. Thanks
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Superficial reflexes \nElicited by gentle cutaneous stimulation \nThe plantar reflex tests the integrity of the spinal cord from L4 to S4 and is elicited by drawing a blunt object downward along the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot. The normal response is curling of the toes, but if the primary motor cortex or corticospinal tract is damaged, Babinski’s sign occurs (the big toe dorsiflexes and the smaller toes fan laterally). \nThe abdominal reflex occurs when the skin of the lateral abdomen is stroked to the side, above or below the umbilicus. The umbilicus will move towards the stimulated site. This checks the integrity of the spinal cord from T8 to T12.\n \nDeep tendon reflexes \nOpposite of the stretch reflex – muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to contraction. \nDeep tendon reflexes are polysynaptic and ipsilateral
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If she meant axis, then she is partly correct.. this condition often comes about for no known reason that the person can recall. It does indicate you do have a chronic problem and by moving a certain way, it applies pressure on a particular muscle that is already tight.. The over stretch will cause it to react and go into spasm. Then comes the inflammatory process to make the tissues swell a bit.. even more restricting the movement. Leaving this condition untreated will set up the process of the body trying to protect itself by bringing crystals into the joints under attack. Thus, creating a condition for early degenerative arthritis.\n\nWould suggest you get in to see a doctor of Chiropractic, at your earliest convenience and find out what postural discrepancies are present, to bring this condition into the acute stage. Since you mention cracking your own neck is highly suggestive of the unequal muscle tightness to which I have referred. All indicating a rather progressed adaptation by the body, just to keep your head above your feet.. \n\nPut your feet together and shut your eyes for a few seconds, and you will get an indication of the severity of the problem with posture.
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I couldn't find a chart, but here's a description -- which might be enough.  I got this from the http://naturalhealthtechniques.com site.\n\nReflexology Points: The Law of Correspondence:\n\n \n\nThe inside curves of the foot correspond to the curves of the spine with the toe being the top of the spine and the back of the heal corresponding to the sacrum. When the back of the heel is worn down on a person's shoe, this is an indication that they might have sciatic pain. \n\n \n\nThe tips of each toe represent the head area- specifically the brain.\n\n \n\nThe big toe represents the brain and all the glands the head contains. Sometimes when women wear high heels, they squish the toes which, in turn, decreases the blood flow to the head and gives the person a headache. \n\n \n\nThe second and third toes correspond to the ears, eyes, and sinuses.\n\n \n\nThe balls of the feet correspond to the chest and lungs. The heart rests in the center between the balls of the feet.\n\n \n\nThe arch of the foot corresponds to the internal organs. \n\nThe kidney (very center of the foot) and bladder points (just before the heel and on the inside edge of the foot) are more centrally located. This is often a tender area. Be gently and vary the pressure and technique until the patient can handle your touch and relax into it. Many people protect this area by walking on the outside heel. \n\nThe intestines surround the kidney and bladder and comprise most the arch. \n\n \n\nThe beginning of the heal corresponds to the upper part of the pelvic area.\n\n \n\nThe inner line of the foot from toe to heel corresponds to the spine. \n\n \n\nThe outer line of the foot from little toe to heel corresponds to the arm, shoulder, hip leg, knee, and lower back. \n\n \n\nThe ankle corresponds to the pelvic and reproductive organs. \n\n \n\nThe Achilles' tendon corresponds to the female reproductive organs or prostate. Massage this from the foot towards the heart to guide the blood and lymph back to the heart.
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other wise known as Saturday night palsy. it is a compression of radial nerve in the arm also called as neuropraxia. it presents with wrist drop, that is patient is not able ot lift the hand. treatment is cockup splint, electrical stimulation and gradual strengthening of wrist extensors.
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If you mouse a lot or have other repetitive motions, this is a sign that your muscles and tendons may be overstrained.  Please see a doctor asap for medical treatment.  I waited too long and....OUCH!
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inf. in this site\nhttp://www.itftennis.com/coaching/publications/nonitfpubs/science/minitennis.asp
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>>>>>What reflexes do you retain while unconscious?\n\nThat depends on the level of unconsciousness. It isn’t a binary state.  For example a person who is lightly dozing is unconscious, but they are much more responsive to stimuli than a person who is under anaesthetic.  Different reflexes are apparent at each stage.\n\n>>>>Would your eyes still water if something was in them?\nUsually, yes. They eye blink reflex, ie will the eye respond when tapped, is commonly taught as one of the tests for death or total lack of sensation. It’s pretty deeply wired. At the deepest levels of aneasthesia or coma, possibly not. \n\n>>>Would you still kick if your knee was tapped? \n\nIt should do. That reflex has nothing to do with the brain at all and should operate even if the subject is dead.\n\n>>>>>What about after death? Does the knee-jerk reflex still work?\nYes, at least to the point they the muscles and nerves deteriorate beyond function.\n\nZero said “your brain is why you have reflexes in the first place”\n\nNope. \n\nReflexes in the head operate off the brain. But by definition reflexes elsewhere in the body operate off the spinal cord.\n\nEven with reflexes in the hea dit is quite posible to be 'brian dead' and still have operational reflexes. Brain death means the higher brain centres have ceased functioning, some reflex centres can still be responding.
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Guillian Barre syndrom.. is a inflammatory dises of unknow origin that involves degeneration of the stuff that helps you nerve impulses move faster. You get weak generally starting in your lower extremeties and then it moves up.. fourtunatly its recoverable and most people recover in 6 months but it can take up to 2 years ..
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Good Luck on your treatment, Tendinitis sux.  I just wanted to emphasize that you should do your best to avoid future repetitive motion.  I sometimes get a flair up of tendinitis on a three-day holiday from using the TV remote control or computer too much.:(
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A reflex action is a stereotyped (involuntary) motor response elicited by a defined stimulus. 1 A reflex action is mediated via the reflex arc.\n\nA reflex arc is the neural pathway that mediates a reflex. It generally does not involve the brain. In higher animals it is composed of a spinal "reflex integration center" composed of interneurons to connect affector (sensory stimulation) and effector (response) signals. While the reflex generation may be initiated by nociceptive input, extensive processing takes place within the spinal cord. The neural connection from the primary sensory neurons to the motor neurons is a poly-synaptic pathway (Andersen).\n\nIn lower animals reflex interneurons not necessarily inolve the spinal cord, see e.g., lateral giant neuron of crayfish.\n\nA reflex to a stimulus is almost simultaneous, as the reflex arc doesn't involve the brain at all.\nA reflex action or reflex is a biological control system linking stimulus to response and mediated by a reflex arc. Reflexes can be built-in or learned. It occurs very quickly before thinking. Before the message is sent to the brain the spine picks it up and sends it back to the muscle causing spasm.\n\nSimple reflex\nA simple reflex is entirely automatic and involves no learning.\n\nAn example is the escape reflex (e.g., the sudden withdrawal of a hand in response to a pain stimulus), or the patellar reflex (the jerking of a leg when the kneecap is tapped). Sensory cells (receptors) in the stimulated body part send signals to the spinal cord along a sensory nerve cell. Within the spine a reflex arc switches the signals straight back to the muscles of the body (in this case the arm or the leg) (effectors) via an intermediate nerve cell and then a motor nerve cell; contraction of the leg occurs, and the muscle contracts (the arm or leg jerks upwards). Only three nerve cells are involved, and the brain is only aware of the response after it has taken place. Such reflex arcs are particularly common in animals, and have a high survival value, enabling organisms to take rapid action to avoid potential danger.\n\nConditioned reflex\nA conditioned reflex involves the modification of a reflex action in response to experience (learning). A stimulus that produces a simple reflex response becomes linked with another, possibly unrelated, stimulus. For example, a dog may salivate (a reflex action) when it sees its owner remove a tin-opener from a drawer because it has learned to associate that stimulus with the stimulus of being fed.\n\nReaction time\nFor a reflex, reaction time or latency is the time from the onset of a stimulus until the organism
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massage and reflexology
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This is called the "sensory homunculus" and the "motor homunculus" diagrams.  Do a google image search for either of these terms:\n\nHere are many versions of the "sensory homunculus" diagram.\nhttp://images.google.com/images?svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&q=sensory+homunculus&btnG=Search\n\nAnd here's the "motor homunculus" diagram:\nhttp://images.google.com/images?svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&q=motor+homunculus&btnG=Search\n\nI found a version here:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigeminal_nerve#Touch.2FPosition_Sensation\n\nThe following page has a more explanatory version, but the above is more up-to-date:\nhttp://www.karger.com/gazette/67/Field/art_4.htm
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A tendon is like a rope. \n\nYou can't push on a rope but boy can you pull on one.\n\nTherefore high strength in tensile low in compression
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I came back and found you added specifics! thank you. (sorry for the length--but I was having fun with this!)\n\nshaking/shivering:\nunstable, rattled, vibrating, quivering, quaking, quaver, tottering, wobbly, swaying, trembling, shuddering, fluttering, flickering, jiggling, jostling, agitating, waving, jarring, jolting, disquieting, ruffling, stunned, startling, staggering, unsteady, teetering, tremulous, precarious, uncertain, dubious, vacillating, faltering, half-hearted and hesitantly!\n\nlooks like:\nscrutinized, appears, contemplate, studied, surveyed, has the appearance of, glaring, presence, expression, on the suface, ostensibly, demeanor, seemingly, materialized, manifested, aspect of, pretense, impression, aspect, emotional implications, felt by the beholder, misleading appearance, comparable, equivilant of, in the throes of passion, gives the impression of being, obvious, seemingly, gives the impression that may be superficial or illusory or presumed. \n\nThe following are words that may help describing objectives in your paper.  This was written first before you posted a description!\n\nKnowledge:  \nanswer - choose - complete - define - follow - identify - indicate - investigative - label - list - match - name - provide - record.\n\nComprehension:\nassemble - balance - classify - conduct - describe - estimate - expand - explain - explore - express - factor - illustrate - improve -interpret - locate - measure - recognize - set-up - summarize - trace.\n\nApplication:\napply - assess - construct - collect - establish - draw - demonstrate - discuss - facilitate - find - illustrate - individualize - operate - participate - perform - plan - predict - prepare - present - schedule.\n\nAnalysis:\nanalyze - calculate - categorize - debate - deduce - determine - distinguish - examine - experiment - inspect - improve - infer - relate - test.\n\nSynthesis:\narrange - change - combine - compose - construct - create - design - develop - formulate - implement - organize - produce - plan - revise - set-up - write - compose - report.\n\nEvaluation:\nappraise - choose - compare - contrast - decide - estimate - evaluate - rate - reorganize - revise - select - solve.
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Hoffmans sign is when someone "flicks" the very end of your index, middle or ring finger.  For the test to be positive your thumb of the same hand will flex and also the index or middle finger (whichever one that was not flicked).  If the test is positive it is considered a sign of a upper motor neuron lesion (UMN). To describe what a UMN is you have to think of the nervous system as two connections.  The first connection comes from the brain to the spinal cord(The UMN) and the second connection comes from the spinal cord to the body part it innervates (Lower Motor Neuron). So if you have a positive Hoffmans sign it lets the Neurologist know that the problem is arising at the first connection (UMN).  Signs of a UMN include weakness, increased reflexes and increased tone.
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you are referring to tendonitis and carpal tunnel syndrome which is caused by repetative motions, most cases occur in occupational situations. Most likely someone who writes a lot and secretaries who type evey day.  You can speak to any Orthopedic doctor about this, it is nothing new
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This helped me when i took anatomy, if you can remember these 2 words SAME DAVE, divide them like this\n\nSA | ME\n------------\nDA | VE\n\nSA = sensory afferent\nME = motor efferent\nDA = dorsal\nVE = ventral\n\nIn the diagram drawn above with SAME DAVE, the DA is directly below SA, so you know that sensory afferent neurons are Dorsal, the VE is directly below the ME, so you know that motor efferent neurons are Ventral, if you have any questions, email me personally!