Direct-drive counterweight\n\nflexible coupled counterweight\n\neccentric gear and pin\n\nunbalanced gear drive
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eccentric gear and pin
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http://www.sheldonbrown.com/gears.html
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you can get gears to handle some change in the plane (I think they are called hypoid gears)
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Agricultural & Mechanical \nb
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Here is a place to start but the best place is a good library. Many great books have been written by drive engineers with different approaches to old problems. http://www.joliettech.com/dc_drives_principles_of_operatrion.htm\n\nAs you probably know dual converter drives are simply 4 quadrant drives capable of controlling hauling and overhauling loads in both directions of rotation. \nThe latest technology in Thyristor drives uses what is called a 12 pulse system that creates an output the equivalent of six separate phases. It boasts operation as quiet as a 12 SCR dual converter system without the use of a ripple filter in the armature circuit. It uses a combination of 17 high power diodes and SCR's along with a multiple winding transformer in the output.
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The basic principle behind a Chinese steelyard balance is torque—or leverage, if you prefer.\n\nA symmetrical balance has the two weights equidistant from the point at which they are suspended (let’s call it the “fulcrum,” for simplicity’s sake):  when the weights are equal, the balance levels out.  But let’s say you’re trying to measure the weight of a two-pound object.  Then the balance will level out if you place a two pound weight equidistant from the fulcrum, or a one-pound weight half as far from the fulcrum, or a half-pound weight a quarter of the way from the fulcrum.\n\nThe steelyard balance puts the object to be wieghed at a specific distance from the fulcrum, then moves the known weight along the length of the opposite arm.  The ratio of the distances between the fulcrum gives the ratio of the two weights.\n\nThe link shows the best picture of one that I could find.\n\n\nRyan Wyatt\nRose Center for Earth & Space\nNew York, New York
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What sort of pound? Troy pounds? Apothecary pounds? What sort of ton? Long ton? short ton? metric ton? \n\nDepending on the type of pound and ton, you can get many different answers (N*M, where N is the number of types of pounds and M is the number of types of tons).
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inclined plane, wheel and axle, screw, lever, pulley, and wedge\nisn't a screw a version of an inclined plane?
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a)  F=mxa=1100 x 3.4 = 3740 N\n\n\nb)  Unbalanced Force = Total Force - Resistance\n\nso Resistance=Total Force - Unbalanced=5600 - 3740=1260 N
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* coupled winding , which has two coils that are magnetically coupled and\n* tap winding , where there is only one winding
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What is unbalanced force:\n\nAn unbalance force is one that is not opposed by an equal and opposite \nforce operating directly against the force intended to cause a change in \nthe object's state of motion or rest. Consider this little illustration:\n\nObject, O is at rest and subjected to a force from the left as shown:\n\nLet ====> represent the force to change the object's state of motion or \nrest on object. O\n\nThis unopposed (unbalanced) force will cause the object to move to the \nright. ====> O\n\nLet O <==== represent an opposing force of equal magnitude operating on \nobject O.\n\nWhen the forces are opposed and impinging on the object ====> O <====, the \nobject will not move because each force is balanced by an equal and \nopposite force.\n\nHowever, if the forces are unbalanced and aligned thus, ====> O <========, \nthe larger force coming from the right is unbalance by the one from the \nleft. Thus, the object will move toward the left.\n\nThe picture is more complicated that I can illustrate here because an \nopposing force my be impinging on the object from an angle. Overall, it is \nthe "net" unbalanced force that will cause the object to move or change \nits state of motion.\n\n\n\nExample with rockets\n\nWhen a rocket is lifting off from the launch pad, it is because the thrust exceeds the force that is keeping the rocket in place (weight of the rocket and payload caused by Earth's gravity). The thrust of the rocket engine is greater than the weight of the rocket and the net force accelerates the rocket away from the pad. This reflects Newton's First Law of Motion, which states that an object at rest will stay at rest as long as no unbalanced force is applied. \nWhen a rocket is being launched, there are two forces acting on it. One is the weight of the rocket, the force generated by the gravitational attraction of Earth on the rocket. The second is thrust, the force that moves the rocket. In general, the heavier the rocket, the more thrust needed to get it off the ground. The amount of thrust is determined by the mass of rocket propellant that is combusted, creating exhaust, and the speed at which the exhaust is vented from the rocket. Newton's Second Law of Motion comes into play here, as force (thrust) = mass × acceleration. This formula can also be used to determine the rate at which a rocket accelerates, because acceleration = force/mass. \n\nThe movement of the high-speed exhaust in one direction propels the rocket in the opposite direction. This is Newton's Third Law of Motion in action; for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Thrust has to be carefully controlled when rockets or payloads — like satellites — are launched into space orbit. Too much thrust or thrust at the wrong time can cause a satellite to be placed in the wrong orbit. Too little thrust can cause the satellite to fall back to Earth. Thrust is carefully controlled throughout the launch and maneuvering. \n\nOnce the model rocket is airborne, another force comes into play — drag. Drag is the rocket's resistance to motion caused by the rocket's movement through air. It depends on several factors, including the density of the air, the shape of the rocket, and the roughness of the rocket's surface. The more resistant to motion a rocket is, the more thrust is needed to propel it. The nose cones of rockets are streamlined to help reduce drag. Model rockets experience drag along their entire flight path because they are moving through Earth's atmosphere. Rockets that move through space do not experience drag because there is no atmosphere. \n\nFor a rocket to continue to ascend, the thrust must be greater than the weight of the rocket and any drag forces. Once the model rocket has used all of its fuel, it no longer accelerates. However, Earth's gravity continues to act on this rocket to slow it down. If the rocket's speed is slow enough, Ea
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pneumatics means the air-pressure that could be used to actuate a on/off valve (or) a control valve (or) a piston etc.\n\nmechantronics is the study of the application of mechanical engineering combined with electronics.\n most of its concentration is on Robotics sort of applications.
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Epicyclic gearing tends to fall over as you scale it up due to centrifical (centrifugal) forces of the rotating parts trying to accelerate outwards.  I'd be inclined to use a discreet gearbox off a motorcycle, something like the royal enfield bullet and chain drive.
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Power factor. KW=power factor* KVA.\nStudy the concept of active power and reactive power and the elements resister, capacitor and inductor.
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All of the forces acting on an object added together.
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Constant speed means zero net force.  So what's balancing the air friction?
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To give you a simple example...\n\nIf you want to move an object of 200kg it would require a force of 200kg.\n\nIf you use one pulley, it would require half of that force... 100kg\n\nIf you use a second pulley placed after the first one, you are reducing it by half again... and it requires a force of only 50kg\n\nUsing several pulleys is called "block and tackle".