Smaller than protons or neutrons, what is their velocity (relative to c) to make up the difference.
215483
You would expect the sum of the rest masses of the quarks to be less than the mass of the proton or neutron.  A proton/neutron is a bound state of quarks made up of quarks and gluons.  With the gluons in there, you get more mass.  It has also been shown that the mass of a nucleus is greater than the mass of its constituent protons and neutrons.  This is because the "binding energy"  that is, the energy it takes to stick the nucleus together also adds to the mass of the nucleus.  \n\nSo, the quarks+gluons+binding energy=mass of proton/neutron\nYou can't really find out a velocity from that...
378235
Some points:-\n1) Neutron is a neutral particle, so it does not get deflected by electric or magnetic fields. Great advantage isn't it.\n\n2) The most important point is however,\nthat these particles are accelerated using accelarator. Now if the particle be of light weight, then a very small increase in the energy corresponds to a great increase in its velocity. So the accelerator goes easily out of step, without supplying required energy to the particle. Neutron is the heaviest among the sub-atomic particles ( at least according to the 12 th standard). So this problem gets minimised by using neutrons.\n\n3) Neutrons being uncharged is not deflected by the target nuclei. So we need not impart that much amount of energy to a neutron, that was to be imparted to a proton or an electron.\n\npoint 2 prohibits the usage of electron & point 3 The usage of proton. So the only sub-atomic particle left (according to the 12 th standard) is a neutron. That is why it is used widely.
70517
All of the mass of the respective particles is converted into energy (radiation) according to E=MC^2. Find the mass of the particle you are interested in like a proton. The antiparticle (antiproton) is the same mass. \nA proton weighs 1.672622089*10^-27 kg (M)\nAn antiproton weighs the same.\nThe speed of light in vacuum (C) is 2.9979*10^8 m/s\nThe answer (E) is in J or W. I´m sure you can take it from here. \nYou might want to consider the much smaller energy unit of electronvolt (eV) when working with energy levels for individual particles. 1 eV = 1.602*10^-19 J\n\nA neutron (and an antineutron) weighs 1.674928579*10^-27 kg\nAn electron (and positron) weighs 9.109390332*10^-31 kg\nKnock your self out!
489517
I know the answer is in my basic physics book.  I would have to look it up.  You should too.
163789
The quark hasn't yet been split, so noone knows what they are made of. It is possible that quarks aren't made of smaller particles.
408033
Protons and neutrons are made of three quarks each. Quarks have properties with names like up, down, color, flavor, truth, beauty and charm. They also carry a charge of +2/3 and -1/3 of a proton's charge, so two 2/3 quarks combined with one -1/3 make a proton, and one 2/3 with two -1/3s make a neutron.\n\nThat's one version, anyway. Physicists are now poking around at an even smaller level than quarks in the latest attempt to unify the four forces of nature and have come up with several types of string theory as possible explanations.\n\nStrings are supposed to be one-dimensional things that vibrate in ten-dimensional space and are the fundamental components of everything. Physicists have hypothesized a smallest possible length - called the Planck length - and a smallest possible time - the Planck time, how long it takes light to travel the Planck length. If these things are real it means that space and time come in tiny chunks just like energy: there is no Planck length/2, for example.\n\nPretty strange concepts, however not as strange as assuming that things are infinitely sub-dividable. That leads to even worse paradoxes!
449965
Potassium is number 19. That means it has 19 protons. If it is an atom and not an ion, it has the same nimber of electrons as protons. Since protons are positive + and electrons are negative - , they have to balance. You find the neutrons by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass, since both the protons and neutrons weigh 1 and make up the mass. The electrons in the energy levels can move to another atom in compound formation.(ions)
64050
You've got it right! "c" is the usual way the speed of light is notated. .37 c would be 37% of the speed of light.
287903
Answer C. The relative number of protons in the magnetic environment.
234785
The three subatomic particles are the proton, the neutron and the electron. \n\nThe proton is positively charged, the neutron is neutral. The neutron is one tenth of a percent heavier then the proton. 17 protons and 18 neutrons form the nucleus of the chlorine atom, held together by the strong nuclear force.\n\nIn nature we also find chlorine atoms with 2 more neutrons. One out of four actually. Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons are called isotopes.\n\nElectrons run in orbits around the nucleus. They are negatively charged. Chlorine has 17 electrons, which together with the protons accounts for a neutral atom.\n\nHowever, the electrons tend to group in shells. The lowest shell has room for two electrons. The next two shells can harbour 8 each. But chlorine has 17 electrons. 17=2+8+7 and therefore the outer shell misses one to be completely full.\n\nChlorine therefore prefers to make compounds where it can catch an extra electron. Take for instance common salt a coumpound of sodium Na and chlorine Cl. The sodium atom gives up an electron and becomes Na+. The Cl atom becomes Cl-, filling the outer electron shell. The two ions combine and we have an NaCl molecule.\n\nNow you know, Jess!
545023
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons (unless it is an ion), but in this case they are equal. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons, and the mass number is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
480570
Obviously, an atom isn't the smallest particle since they are composed of sub-atomic particles.  An atom however is the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element.  Once you go beyond an atom of any element, the components no longer keep the properties of that element.
38335
Please take a look at:\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_velocity
375078
I'd say (A) because momentum is directly proportional to mass.  The smaller the mass, the smaller the momentum.\n\nMomentum is the product of mass and velocity\n\nsince the force is equally applied to both masses, their velocities will be the same\n\nthe only difference are the inertial forces generated, which would be less for the smaller mass and more for the larger mass
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b and d are not right.\n\nb. - going across a row the atoms get smaller so Co is smaller than Fe\nd  - Na is in row 3 and is larger than Be and Ne which are in row 2
27036
Protons and neutrons are both made of quarks. A proton has two "up" quarks and one "down" quark, while the neutron has two "down" quarks and one "up" quark. (The up and down are just names for these two types of quark, there is no physical significance to the name. They could have selected Chocolate and Vanilla instead.)\n\nProtons and neutrons are almost always desribed as being composed of three quarks, but there are also gluons running around. Gluons are the particles which control the interaction of quarks within a proton or neutron. They carry the force that binds the three quarks together to form the larger particle.\n\nSo a proton or neutron has three quarks and a cloud of gluons.\n\nIf one combines a proton and an electron and a neutrino you will get a neutron, but, in the oddness of quantum physics that doesn't mean a neutron is made of these little guys.\n\nElectrons on the other hand seem to have no consituents, at least down to the level that has been probed with modern instruments.
438070
I hope I did this correctly.  Would you let me know?\n\nI set up the equation of the relative distance the particles will have from eachother at time t:\n\ndistance equals location of particle one minus location of particle two:\n\nx=\n(4t-3)i+\n(6-3t)j+\n(5t)k\n\nthen I distributed the i, j and k to get\n4it-3j+\n6j-3tj+\n5tk\n\nThen I took the derivative dx/dt treating i, j, and k as constants to get\n4i-3j+5k\nthis is the minimum separation\n4i-3j+5k\n\nThis I then used to set up the following three simultaneous equations to find the time that occurs:\n\n4t-3=4\nt=1\n\n6-3t=-3\nt=1\n\n5t=5\nt=1\n\nj