Phosphorous distribution in oil palm tree particularly frond and leaves are different. why?
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http://www.seap.sg/ppiweb/seasia.nsf/$webindex/B80F459E5FF5A02B48256C29002DF14B?opendocument&navigator=oil+palm
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Thylakoid membrane is located inside the chloroplasts. There occurs energy releasing reactions, photo respiration, and light dependent reactions. Sugar producing reactions and carbon fixation reactions occur during the Calvin cycle in the stroma during light independent reactions.\nI know all of this because we just had a test on this in AP biology. ha ha\nHope this helps/ is correct!
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That's a slightly odd question as each of those example has more than one cell type within it. Blood has red blood cells and several types of white, bones have several sorts of cells involved with them... and so forth. There are also issues like the fact red blood cells don't divide. I'm going to assume they're talking about the cells that create the blood, but that might be wrong. It's a vaguely worded question... if you got it as a homework question, you might want to get some clarification on exactly which cells are being asked about.\n\nYou can make a few generalisations. The two obvious ones for fast division are skin and blood, simply because they are both replaced regularly in the body. Bone cells aren't replaced so frequently as bones are more static, so would be have slower cell division.\n\nThe fast cell division answer for the plant cells is probably the root tip, as this does divide quickly. Plants do need to get their root system sorted out first, as otherwise they don't have a source of water/nutients to grow the rest.
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rice,wheat,potato,etc...r some of the C-3 plants.....when they r exposed to co2(14),they produce 3C compound called phosphoglyceric acid.....this occurs only in mesophyll cells at an optimum temp of 20-25 degree C. Here photorespiration rate is high & leads to loss of fixed CO2. It also decreases CO2 fixation rate....
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The thing is that a cis touble bond (the kind where the two carbons are on the same side of the bond) creates a sort of a kink in the carbon chain.  In saturated fats, there are no double bonds, so the carbon chain is more or less a straight line, but in unsaturated fats, the carbon chain is bent in one or more location.  The straight molecules of the saturated fat can pile up into stacks with all the molecules lined up parallel to each other.  Unsaturated fats, on the other hand, can't do this.  Think about a bendy straw.  In the box, they can be packed together into a tight solid, but as soon as you bend the part at the top they can't be packed together nearly as neatly or closely.\n\nSaturated fats are less healthy not because they can't be broken down as easily, but because they are better able to form a tightly packed solids, so they tend to have higher melting points, and are therefore more likely to form solid masses in your arteries and elsewhere.  Unsaturated fats tend to be liquids, so they don't clog things up as much.\n\nIncidentally, in trans fats, the carbon atoms around the double bond are arranged across from each other so that the carbon chain is straight, like in saturated fats, so they behave similarly to saturated fats, which is why they are so much worse for you than naturally occuring unsaturated fats.
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Phosphates tend to cause overgrowth of algae. I think you could use Tide in your experiment (unless they've changed the formula). I was once told that you could use a mixture of Tide to make stuff glow in the dark, because it was so high in phosphates...but this would be something you could try for yourself.\n\nThe point was that phosphates in water coming out of water treatment plants could affect the ecosystem by causing overgrowth of vegetation.\n\nGood experiment.
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since water likes to travel from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration, the cells of a plant living in mostly salt will have very little water.  the cell of this plant will appear more thin and streamlined as they are not puffed up by the additional water.
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That depends on what definition of tree you are using,and what definition of palm.\n\nThere is not single scientific definition of 'tree'. Instead every botanist and ecologists has there own definition that they apply.  The definition I and the people I work with use use is that a tree is "any plant with a perennial stem over 3 metres in height at maturity that is capable of supporting itself". That excludes bananas, shrubs and most  lianas but it includes palms as trees.  Other scientists use other definitions that require that trees exhibit secondary growth, in which case most palms  don't qualify. However Zamia palms do exhibit secondary growth, so by that definition some palms are still trees.\n\nSorry, there is no definitive answer because 'tree' isn't a precisely defined term.\n\nMaverick said:>>> [a tree] should have wood formation ( Here\n>>>>> again palm fits the bill)\n\n\nThis is absolute nonsense. Palms are monocots, they are incapable of producing wood. Palms, in common with all monocots, exhibit only primary growth while wood is defined by being the result of secondary growth. Palms are most definitely NOT woody plants.\n\nHe also said>>>>The main stem ( Tree Trunk )must be\n>>>>> unbranched to a considerable height above the\n>>>>> ground.\n\n\nOnce more this is absolute rubbish. There are any number of trees from pinyon pine to mallee to cluster figs that branch at or even below ground level.\n\n\nHe then said>>>>Palms as a rule show increase in their girth\n>>>> or diameter. This is possible only by addition of\n>>>>>tissue seconderily.\n\nThis answer he would have gained an automatic failure for any student in my botany class. One of the defining features of monocots is that they can never, ever exhibit secondary growth. Palms increase their girth by primary gowth only. See the link below if you would like to learn more on this matter.\n\nAnd once again something I would expect any of my botany students to know. The difference betwen wood and pith is that pith is composed of dipersed vascular bundles. It is those vascular bundles that give pith its fibrous structure.\n\nPlease read the link below if you are interested in learning about this.
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stomata  are  mini  factories  that  use  sunlight  to  convert  co2 gas and water  to  simple sugars [glucose]   they  also  reverse  and  give off  watervapor  and  oxygen ......stomata  on the  lower  side  wouldnot  allow  the  rays  of  the  sun  to  reach them...though  certain  rays  could  penetrate the the  leaves...thewavelengths  needed  wouldnt  be  there
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Short answer yes it is true\n\nlong answer\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_cycle\n\nre previous answer\n\nChloroplasts are flat discs usually 2-10 micrometer in diameter and 1 micrometer thick. The chloroplast has a two membrane envelope termed the Inner & Outer membrane respectively. Between these two layers is the intermembrane space.\n\nThe fluid within the chloroplast is called the stroma, corresponding to the cytoplasm of the bacterium, and contains tiny circular DNA and ribosomes, though most of their proteins are encoded by genes contained in the cell nucleus, with the protein products transported to the chloroplast.\n\nWithin the stroma are stacks of thylakoids, the sub-organelles where photosynthesis actually takes place. A stack of thylakoids is called a granum (plural: grana). A thylakoid looks like a flattened disk, and inside is an empty area called the thylakoid space or lumen. The photosynthesis reaction takes place on the membrane of the thylakoid, and, as is also the case with mitochondria, involves the coupling of cross-membrane fluxes with biosynthesis.
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No as palm tree is monocotyledonous plant having no cambial or secondary meristemetic activity.Age can be estimated here by leaf scars on trunk.
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1.The estimation of the photosynthetic rate and diffusive conductance of a leaf depends on the accurate measurement of a number of physical properties of the leaf, the air around it, and the light falling on it.\n\n2. Electron transport chains in mitochondria\nThe cells of all eukaryotes (all animals, plants, fungi, algae – in other words, all living things except bacteria and archaea) contain intracellular organelles called mitochondria that produce ATP. Energy sources such as glucose are initially metabolized in the cytoplasm. The products are imported into mitochondria. Mitochondria continue the process of catabolism using metabolic pathways including the Krebs cycle, fatty acid oxidation and amino acid oxidation.\n\nThe end result of these pathways is the production of two energy-rich electron donors, NADH and FADH2. Electrons from these donors are passed through an electron transport chain to oxygen, which is reduced to water. This is a multi-step redox process that occurs on the mitochondrial inner membrane. The enzymes that catalyze these reactions have the remarkable ability to simultaneously create a proton gradient across the membrane, producing a thermodynamically unlikely high-energy state with the potential to do work. Although electron transport occurs with great efficiency, a small percentage of electrons are prematurely leaked to oxygen, resulting in the formation of the toxic free radical, superoxide.\n\nThe similarity between intracellular mitochondria and free-living bacteria is striking. The known structural, functional and DNA similarities between mitochondria and bacteria provide strong evidence that mitochondria evolved from intracellular prokaryotic symbionts that took up residence in primitive eukaryotic cells.
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My best guess would be that the chloroplast would be marked as \n"non-self" in the cell and would be degraded in the lysosome. It would be might complicated to keep the chloroplast from being degraded.
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Hate to break it to you but fruit doesn't have a molecular structure. No more than an elephant or a house has a molecular structure. These things are complex muli-molecular constructs, not molecules.\n\nYou can certainly find out the molecular structure of fruit components. \n\n95% of most fruit is just water, H2O. That should be easy enough for you to find on the web.\n\nOf the remaining 5% around 60% will be cellulose. That is a fairly simple polysaccharide. And again the molecular structure is easy to find on the web now that you know the name.\n\nOf the 2% remaining 99% will be sugars. Primarily fructose in most cases but also glucose and a range of other di and monsaccharides. Once more, the molecular structuresof these substances have been well studied and are freely vailable on the web..\n\nOf the 0.01% left over 50% at least will be the lipids and liposaccharides of the cell walls. These vary considerably between fruit species. But once again there is welathof information on the web if you search for "cell membrane lipid structure" or similar and add the species name you are interested in.\n\nMost of the rest will be various enzymes and other proteins. These also vary with the fruit, but they have also  been extensively studied. Some, like papayin and those enzymes associated with the TCA cycle are easily found on the web.\n\nThe rest, less than 0.001 of most fruit, will be various vitamins (molecular structure widely and eaily available on the web) and the esters, ketones, terpenes, alcohols and so forth that produce the characterictic odour of the fruit. SOme of these have been widley studied, often by the food flavourings and cosmetics industries. \n\nYou should be able to find a lot of info by doing a search on those molecules + the species you are dealing with. I;ve oncluded a few example earches below. They readily return results like \n\n"Composed of one or more aromatic benzene rings with one or more hydroxyl groups (C-OH). This enormous class includes numerous plant compounds that are chemically distinct from terpenes. Although the essential oils are often classified as terpenes, many of these volatile chemicals are actually phenolic compounds, such as eucalyptol from (Eucalytus globulus), citronellal from (E. citriodora) and clove oil from Syzygium aromaticum."\n\nand \n""Bitter orange oil", expressed from the peel, is in demand for flavoring candy, ice cream, baked goods, gelatins and puddings, chewing gum, soft drinks, liqueurs and pharmaceutical products, especially if the water-or alcohol-insoluble terpenes and sesquiterpenes are removed. "\n\nThat sounds like the type of thing you want. It's quite easy to find if you know where to start.
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Oil is less dense than water.
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it is the potassium pump mechanism which pumps k+ ions actively ind other ions like cl-, malate ions enter passively and thereby increasing the solute potential of the guard cell and increasing the turgidity\n\nbut the cellulose micro fibrils do not allow radial expansion of the cell\n\ntherefor the guard cell's outer wall expand but due to thickening of inner wall it can't expand!!\n\nthere for along with the outer thin wall, the inner wall is also being pulled out!!!\n\ntherefor increasing the width of the stomatal pore and causing stomatal opening!!!!!!!!!!!!\n\nalso he wise versa
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English term or phrase: stomates \nThe parts of a typical leaf include the upper and lower epidermis, the mesophyll, the vascular bundle(s) (veins), and the stomates.  \nAs for pictures this is all I found:\nhttp://www.ftexploring.com/photosyn/chloroplast.html