What is the function of the proventriculus? (the provenctriculus in an owl)
201249
The proventriculus is a glandular part of the stomach that stores and starts to digest food before it enters the gizzard.
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http://www.digimorph.org/specimens/Odocoileus_virginianus/\n\ntry here, make sure you have Quicktime
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Support of the head, as in all animals. Sometimes the atlas and axis are fused but in turtles is allows for their head to stick out like it does. The head is slightly above the spine alignment and these two bones allows for that.
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What a cool project!  So to answer one of your questions, the crucial distinction among your phyla will be whether or not they're chordates -- which of course includes the vertebrates (but also some invertebrates such as sea squirts and certain worms).  \n\nSo your bipedal wolf (I'm assuming the missing d was a typo, but if "bipeal" is a word from your universe, please let me know) would be phylum chordata, class vertebrata, order mammalia, family canidae, genus canus, species lupus bipedalis (and I'm envisioning something like a cross between Lawrence Talbot and Speaker-to-Animals, without retractible claws).  But that's just off the top of my head.\n\nOne thing I've discussed with my ten-year-old son is the absence of hexapod vertebrates -- e.g. flying horses, winged dragons, etc.  If you were closer, I'd invite you over for coffee and an all-day discussion of where to classify them, and how they evolved.  Since all terrestrial vertebrates have essentially the same structure, it's clear they all shared a common ancestor which makes hexapodal vertebrates, sadly, impossible in our known universe -- so was there a hexapodal (imaginary) marine vertebrate who also scuttled across the floors of silent seas before crawling out of the surf and saying "Hey, the carcharodons can't get me here!  Kewl!"?  ...Which of course suggests all sorts of hexapodal marine vertebrates that shared the same skeletal architecture.  Ooooh, fun.\n\nAnd the final question... so zoology is the study of animals.  There's also cryptozoology, which I've described flippantly as "the study of imaginary animals."  But of course, it's more technically the study of animals that may or may not exist.  So what would we call your zoology, which is the study of animals you've intentionally invented?  Oh, of course, poeiazoology (-poeia, meaing to construct -- as in mythopoeia, the term Tolkien invented to describe the invention of mythologies.)\n\nAnd on that note, elen sila lumen omentielvo!
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While some extant species of Caminalcules show clear vestigial features, these same features are not vestigial in all of the Caminalcules.\n\nIn some lineages, the structures have become modified into functional structures, or remain in the ancestral (primitive) state.  \n\nWhich of the fourteen extant species or fifty-seven fossil species of Caminalcules are you referring to?  Without comparing those species to the other species or fossil forms it is impossible to determine which structures are vestigial.
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An intubated puffin or pelican using a helix might form an opinion depending on the relative humidity of the biosphere. Elastic limits could be reached, in which case garters would be up for grabs. The issue of effervescence is something that lends itself to elision, but backwardation, triangulation, and differential calculus all offer salutary remedial solutions.
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This article gives a good description of all the parts, their purpose, and some diagrams. That should be great for your report.\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye#Anatomy
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There's a lot more evidence than that which ties dinosaurs and birds together.\n\nChemical makeup is not where the support for the "scales" of the dinosaur evolving into feather comes from. It comes from the fossilized outlines of feathers found surrounding certain fossils.\n\nThey share many skeletal features, including the shapes of their hips, a shape only found in dinosaurs and birds.\n\nThey shared very similar lung structures, which are a series of air sacs, very different than what we have.\n\nThey had four chamber hearts, again, much like birds have.\n\nCertain fossils have been found that suggest some dinosaurs slept like birds, with their heands tucked under their arms.\n\nThe use of gizzard stones was common between both species.\n\nThis is called convergence. Many different pieces of evidence that come together to support a claim. Is it airtight? Is it absolutely certain that birds evolved from dinosaurs? No. However, even if it isn't true, this is not an either/or choice. It does not mean that a god created them.\n\nOh, and birds didn't come from pterodactyls. In fact, pterodactyls aren't technically dinosaurs. The closest common ancestor between birds and dinosaurs would have come from the raptors.
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Tavastone -vs- Tortius\nTortius is a mutant turtle who can slow down time to the point he is the fastest being in the world, able to do whatever he wants. Ruling the world. The only one who Might stop him Is Tavastone. Able to blend in, read his mind and anticipate when to freeze Tortius.\n- just wish I knew how it will end. Interesting.
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The pectoral girdle of turtles,terrapines, and tortoises lacks the breast bone or the Sternum, whereas the other tetrapods have a well developed Sternum, to which the ribs are attached anteriorly.\n\nThe difference exists because turtles have a shell , like the tortoises , which is used as a defensive covering. since, the weight of this shell is added to their thorax , if sternum wouldve been there, it wouldnt be able to bear the entire weight. so, instead of that, their ribs are directly present in circles. the more the no. of bones, the more weight they can share together instead of a single bone .
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Isn't this something they're trying to teach you at school? Think of the origins and insertions of these muscles, and of the movements achieved when each muscle layer contracts. Look at the pictures in any good Comparative Anatomy book and check the difference between the muscles of fishes and tetrapods (hint: new feature- lungs).
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go to this link, you will find out where it is in the pic:\n\nhttp://www.coolnurse.com/anatomy.htm
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Whoa! slow down, there is fossil evidence a transition from reptiles and birds. Most famously Archeopteryx with reptilian skull, teeth, digits, claws, vertebrae, sternum, ribs, pelvis, tail, and mainly unfused bones, and a few bird traits like a wishbone, wings and feathers!! In older sediments, there are theropod dinosaurs with skeletal similarities to Archeopteryx. In younger sediments, there are several fossils with more birds-like traits, such as Sinornis and Shenzhouraptor and dozens more (wikipedia "fossil birds").\n\nFossils of scales and feathers are very very rarely preserved. Imprints of the Archeopteryx feathers are only preserved because the fossils are embedded in very rare, very fine limestone that used to be used in lithography. It is unreasonable to demand fossil evidence of a transition between scales and feathers. That said, there are several theropod fossils with feathers that have been recently discovered in a fine Chinese deposit, things like Sinosauropteryx, Caudipteryx and Beipiaosaurus.\n\nBut sure, every detail of the the transition from reptiles to birds isn't documented. Other than demanding an excessive amount of evidence, I really don't know what arguments you can use, I don't think there are any true ones. But you might find some convincing sounding ones on Creationist propaganda websites. It depends on your audience.
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Mathematically it is impossible for a honey bee's wings to support it in flight.\nThe praying mantis is the only insect that can turn it's head.\nScientists still do not know how a cat purrs or where in it's body the noise comes from.
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Gray Myotis, Howell's Bat\n\nCheck this site:\nhttp://www.animalinfo.org/species/bat/myotgris.htm\n\nIt has a picture and answers all of your questions. It has maps.
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These birds do not all have the same foot posture.  For example ostrich feet sit flat on the ground for walking while songbirds toes are designed to be able to curl and grip branches when they perch.  Birds like eagles have raptorial feet with long talons for capturing prey.  \nHope this helps
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It depends on the bird. As a general rule, predatory birds have their vision focussed forward (eg, owls, hawks, eagles) while herbivorous bird have a wider arc of vision, including to the sides of their bodies. (That is, the higher on the food chain a species of bird is, the more likely thay have specialised to see forward of their bodies.) In both instances, the bird's brain combines and interprets the world in a useful way for the bird. They are not 'seeing forwards' or 'seeing sideways' - they are seeing in a way useful for that species. \n\n(As a matter of comparison, human females interpret a wider arc of vision than male humans - hence the reason why men are sometimes described as not being able to find something 'right under their nose'. Women don't "see sideways", their brains just interpret visual information from a wider lateral angle.)