need to know % of fresh, salt, ice water on earth
202503
Water Systems:\n\nhttp://www.ec.gc.ca/water/images/nature/prop/a2f2e.jpg\n\n95% of Earth's water is Salt Water leaving 5% as Fresh Water.  Nearly all of the Fresh water is in the form of Ice or underground.\n\nThis site appears to have a lot of data as well as activities for learning.\n\nhttp://members.aol.com/bowermanb/water.html
490711
This is what happens if you start freezing a glass of sea water: it will start to freeze at a lower temperature than fresh water (around -4 C, but variable depending on the salinity you start with). \nImportant, the salinity of the ice formed is almost pure water (it is not salty). Some salty water may be trapped on the ice though, but the ice itself is fresh water. If you keep lowering the temperature, more ice will form and the remaining salty water gets even saltier. This process will continues until an eutectic is reached and then you will have a fast crystallization of ice, a mineral called hydrohalite. This eutectic is about -21 C, but depends on other components, like Mg, Ca that are also abundant in the composition of sea water.
406334
a) a lower freezing point than pure water
83047
Come on!  Dry Ice!\n\nTemperatures below -78 degrees Farenheit\n\nAnd your planet is Mars, but its water AND carbon dioxide in the polar caps....
123236
Oceans and seas are salt water,but the most salt water on earth could be found in the dead sea in Jordan in the Middle East.
365180
just measure how much water they lose to the atmosophere some how and keep track of the amount of water you have added over a period of time. \nThis should be an interseting experiment.
20713
1) We need to raise the temperature of the ice from -16.73°C to 0°C, which is a temperature rise of 16.73°C.\n\nMass of ice * specific heat of ice * temperature rise\n38.80g * 2.1 J/g K * 16.73° = 1,292.89 J\n\n\n2) We now need to add heat until all the ice is melted:\n\nMass of ice * Heat of Fusion\n36.80g * 333J/g = 12,254.40 J\n\n\n3) Now that the ice is all melted, it's all water, but the temperature is still 0°C. We now have to raise the temperature of the water to 100°C, which is a temperature rise of 100°.\n\nMass of water * specific heat of water * temperature rise\n36.80g * 4.2 J/g K * 100° = 15,456.00 J\n\n\n4) Now we have to change all the water into steam.\n\nMass of water * Heat of Vaporization\n36.80g * 2260J/g = 83,168.00 J\n\n\n5) All the water is now steam, but the temperature of the steam is still 100°C. We now have to raise the temperature of the steam to 227.6°C, which is a temperature rise of 127.6°.\n\nMass of steam * specific heat of steam * temperature rise\n36.80g * 2.0 J/g K * 127.6° = 9,391.36 J\n\n\n\nNow add up all the Joules\n1,292.89 J + 12,254.40 J + 15,456.00 J + 83,168.00 J\n + 9,391.36 J = 121,562.65 J\n\nConvert to kJ = 121.56kJ
542506
First, in a problem like this, you want to understand the problem:\nLet x = amount of pure salt. Since the total solution is 9 cc, the amount of 10% saline solution added has to be (9 - x).\n\n~100% Pure Salt ~\n(A) x --- Number of cc's of solution\n(B) 100% --- Percent pure salt\n(C) 1.00(x) --- Number of cc's of pure salt\n\n~10% Saline Solution~\n(A) (9 - x) --- Number of cc's of solution\n(B) 10% --- Percent of pure salt\n(C) 0.10(9 - x) --- Number of cc's of pure salt\n\n~Final 20% Solution~\n(A) 9 --- Number of cc's of solution\n(B) 20% --- Percent of pure salt\n(C) 0.20(9) --- Number of cc's of pure salt\n\nIn the three "charts" above, (C) is obtained by multiplying the amount (A) by the percentage (B). So, using or (C) values:\n1.00(X) + 0.10(9 - x) = 0.20(9) --- Multiply through...\nx + 0.90 - 0.10(x) = 1.80 --- Combine like terms...\n0.90x + 0.90 = 1.80 --- Subtract 0.90 from both sides...\n0.90x = 0.90 --- Divide both sides by 0.90...\nx = 1\n\nIf x = 1, then (9 - x) = 8. Thus, you need 1 cc of pure salt and 8 cc's of 10% saline solution to produce 9 cc's of 20% saline solution.
23095
Earth has a total surface area of 196,800,00 square miles. Approximately 57,300,00 square miles, or 29% of the total surface area is land. Water covers approximately 139,500,000 square miles, or 71% of the total surface area.
249821
Salt doesn't melt ice, it reduces the temperature needed to melt it. In Antarctica the temperature is so low, that even all salt water around doesn't help melting it.
574999
First you have to know the pressure and the exact salinity to answer this question.\nBut generally :\nAt a salinity of 35PPT and a pressure of 1.5 PSI\nthe freezing point would be -1.930 degrees C or 28.5 F
553602
Well, that depends.  There is evidence of algae at 3.5 billion, probably photosythetic cells by 2.0, and clear plants by 400 million.  With a 4.6 billion year old earth, that's 76%, 43%, or 8.7% of the time.
358016
I get 45.13 degree Celsius.\nReasoning:\nChanging 23 gram ice in water of 0 degree requires 7.66e3 Joule, according to part 1. This amount of energy taken from the 70 degree water decreases the temperature of the latter by 7.66e3 x (70-10) / 2.9e4 = 15.85 degrees (using part 1 and 2).\n\nSo now we have a mixture of 23 gram water at 0 degree and 115 gram (5 times as much!) at 54.15 degrees. This will average out to (5/6) x 54.15 = 45.13 degree Celcius.
99499
It will, in my opinion, but you shouldn't worry about it because it'd take toooo many years to melt all those huge icebergs&co. Salt? Hmm...we'd never taste salt for quite a few years should they use it to stop the floods. What about icers? That shd work...
539876
"About 70% of the fat free mass of the human body is made of water. To function properly, the body requires between one and seven litres of water per day to avoid dehydration; the precise amount depends on the level of activity, temperature, humidity, and other factors."\n\nFrom Wikipedia:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water\n\n----\nMass of base elements for a 70 kg (154 lb) person:\n oxygen      43 kg   (61%, 2700 mol) \n   carbon      16 kg   (23%, 1300 mol) \n   hydrogen    7 kg    (10%, 6900 mol) \n   nitrogen    1.8 kg  (2.5%, 129 mol) \n   calcium     1.0 kg  (1.4%,  25 mol) \n   phosphorus  780 g   (1.1%,  25 mol) \n   potassium   140 g   (0.20%, 3.6 mol)  \n   sulfur      140 g   (0.20%, 4.4 mol) \n   sodium      100 g   (0.14%, 4.3 mol) \n   chlorine    95 g    (0.14%, 2.7 mol) \n   magnesium   19 g    (0.03%, 0.78 mol) \n   iron        4.2 g       \n   fluorine    2.6 g \n   zinc        2.3 g \n   silicon     1.0 g \n   rubidium    0.68 g \n   strontium   0.32 g \n   bromine     0.26 g \n   lead        0.12 g \n   copper      72 mg \n   aluminum    60 mg \n   cadmium     50 mg \n   cerium      40 mg \n   barium      22 mg \n\n   iodine      20 mg \n   tin         20 mg \n   titanium    20 mg \n   boron       18 mg \n   nickel      15 mg \n   selenium    15 mg \n   chromium    14 mg \n   manganese   12 mg \n   arsenic     7 mg \n   lithium     7 mg \n   cesium      6 mg \n   mercury     6 mg \n   germanium   5 mg \n   molybdenum  5 mg \n   cobalt      3 mg \n   antimony    2 mg \n   silver      2 mg \n   niobium     1.5 mg \n   zirconium   1 mg \n   lanthanum   0.8 mg \n   gallium     0.7 mg \n   tellurium   0.7 mg \n   yttrium     0.6 mg \n   bismuth     0.5 mg \n   thallium    0.5 mg \n   indium      0.4 mg \n   gold        0.2 mg\n   scandium    0.2 mg\n   tantalum    0.2 mg\n   vanadium    0.11 mg\n   thorium     0.1 mg\n   uranium     0.1 mg\n   samarium    50 µg\n   beryllium   36 µg\n   tungsten    20 µg\n[The raw data on which which this table is based is from Emsley, John, The Elements, 3rd ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998.]\n\nFrom http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1085817\n\nHope this helps!
563535
Try this website--it is kid friendly--and mom too!!\n\nwww.chem4kids.com\n\n\nThis should take you right to a page about water\nhttp://www.chem4kids.com/files/elements/008_comps.html .
459719
Yes.  Salt water freezes at a lower tempurature than fresh water. \n\nThat is why we use salt to melt ice on sidewalks in the winter.