are chemoreceptors tonic or phasic?
473730
1. Tonic (slow) receptors include chemoreceptors that respond to chemical levels in the blood; pain receptors and proprioceptors do not exhibit adaptation. 2. Phasic (fast) receptors adapt rapidly to pressure, touch, and smell; Pacinian corpuscle (mechanoreceptors) detect pressure and vibrations in the skin.
273954
The olfactory epithelium is composed of three distinct cell types: basal cells, olfactory sensory neurons, and sustentacular (or supporting) cells. The olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar neurons sensing environmental chemicals.
374971
How are the olfactory receptors activated? The olfactory tracts transduce signals to the hypothalamus. Odorants dissolve in the mucus and bind to receptors. Mitral cells relay signals to the olfactory bulbs.
778700
Baroreceptors are mechanoreceptors located in the carotid sinus and in the aortic arch. Their function is to sense pressure changes by responding to change in the tension of the arterial wall. The baroreflex mechanism is a fast response to changes in blood pressure.
443347
As blood CO2 Increases, cerebrospinal fluid pH decreases, triggering an increased stimulation of the respiratory centers by the central chemoreceptors. True. Why: CO2 from the blood crosses the blood-brain barrier, combines with water to form carbonic acid which then dissociates into HCO3- and H+, lowering pH.
1452556
In response to a decrease in blood pH, the respiratory center (in the medulla ) sends nervous impulses to the external intercostal muscles and the diaphragm, to increase the breathing rate and the volume of the lungs during inhalation.
1141024
Sensory organs in the brain and in the aorta and carotid arteries monitor the blood and sense oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. Normally, an increased concentration of carbon dioxide is the strongest stimulus to breathe more deeply and more frequently.
751626
Thermoreceptors are of two types, warmth and cold. Warmth fibres are excited by rising temperature and inhibited by falling temperature, and cold fibres respond in the opposite manner.
1074719
The medulla oblongata is the primary respiratory control center. Its main function is to send signals to the muscles that control respiration to cause breathing to occur. There are two regions in the medulla that control respiration: The ventral respiratory group stimulates expiratory movements.
548284
The medulla oblongata controls breathing, blood pressure, heart rhythms and swallowing. Messages from the cortex to the spinal cord and nerves that branch from the spinal cord are sent through the pons and the brainstem.
681888
The use of sedation often depends on the patient; a patient who is calm during normal life is usually calm on a ventilator while in an ICU unit. A patient's activity and movement are significantly limited while on a ventilator. While they may be able to sit up in bed or in a chair, their mobility is otherwise limited.
798020
['The conducting portion, which consists of the nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi (Gr. ... ', "The respiratory portion, where the system's main function of gas exchange occurs, consisting of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli."]
800160
An osmoreceptor is a sensory receptor primarily found in the hypothalamus of most homeothermic organisms that detects changes in osmotic pressure. Osmoreceptors can be found in several structures, including two of the circumventricular organs – the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, and the subfornical organ.
1007034
Sensory receptors are classified into five categories: mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, proprioceptors, pain receptors, and chemoreceptors. These categories are based on the nature of the stimuli that each receptor class transduces. Mechanoreceptors in the skin are described as encapsulated or unencapsulated.
171353
['Sensory neurons send impulses from sensory receptors to inform the CNS of a stimulus. ... ', 'Motor neurons send impulses from the CNS to the muscle, organ or gland they command to take action. ... ', 'Inter neurons receive information from other neurons and pass this information on to other neurons.']
1393452
A metabolic acidosis soon produces hyperventilation, but at first it will tend to be rapid and relatively shallow. Kussmaul breathing develops as the acidosis grows more severe. Indeed, Kussmaul originally identified this type of breathing as a sign of coma and imminent death in diabetic patients.
664971
loltopsy. Tonicity refers to what the cell does in a certain environment. If the environment is hypertonic, the cell will shrink due to water leaving the cell. ... If the outer environment is hyperosmotic, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is greater than the concentration inside the cell.