is the relationship between blood pressure and blood flow rate directly proportional?
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Increased pressure in the veins does not decrease flow as it does in arteries, but actually increases flow. Since pressure in the veins is normally relatively low, for blood to flow back into the heart, the pressure in the atria during atrial diastole must be even lower.
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Blood pressure and heart rate go hand in hand in most people's minds. After all, these two vital signs usually are measured at the same time at the doctor's office.
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People who exercise regularly often have lower resting heart rates. In some situations, such as periods of acute stress or danger, blood pressure and heart rate may both increase at the same time, but that's not always the case. Your heart rate can increase without any change occurring in your blood pressure.
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We increased the pressure by decreasing the space the flow of water could go through. The same principle applies in the body with blood and the vessels. In cardiovascular terms this is known as 'total peripheral resistance' (TPR). If the area available for blood to flow through is reduced then pressure will increase.
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Generally, a blood loss of <15% of total blood volume leads to only a small increase in heart rate and no significant change in arterial pressure. When blood loss is 15 to 40%, mean arterial and pulse pressures fall, and heart rate increases, with the magnitude of these changes being related to how much blood is lost.
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The notion that there could be a link between blood pressure and the menstrual cycle is not a new one. In 1991, a study of women with a normal menstrual cycle examined fluctuations in blood pressure over the course of the hormonal cycle.
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Systolic and diastolic pressure, and thus pulse pressure, are determined by the complex interaction of the heart and the arterial and venous systems.
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Blood volume is normally tightly regulated by matching water intake and water output, as described in the section on kidney function. In healthy individuals, slight changes in heart rate and vasoconstriction act to balance the effect of normal fluctuations in blood volume on blood pressure.
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A heart rate is the number of times your heart beats in the span of a minute. A pulse rate is the number of times your arteries create a noticeable “pulse” due to increase in blood pressure as a result of your heart contracting.
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The three factors that contribute to blood pressure are resistance, blood viscosity, and blood vessel diameter. Resistance in peripheral circulation is used as a measure of this factor. The longer the vessel, the greater the resistance.
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Therefore, blood flow is strongly proportional to the vessel radius. As the radius of the vessel lumen increases (called vasodilation), blood flow increases dramatically, and vice versa [1].
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Less blood travels to the heart muscle, so there isn't much for the heart to pump out. The nervous system automatically increases the heart rate to get the blood pumping. Meanwhile, the blood pressure drops a bit because the force of blood moving through the veins is lower.
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Blood pressure readings are given in two numbers. The top number is the maximum pressure your heart exerts while beating (systolic pressure). The bottom number is the amount of pressure in your arteries between beats (diastolic pressure).
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Similarly, the pressure is proportional to the square of velocity. As they are directly proportional to each other. When pressure increases, velocity will also increase and vise-versa.
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Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts upon the walls of the blood vessels or chambers of the heart. The components of blood pressure include systolic pressure, which results from ventricular contraction, and diastolic pressure, which results from ventricular relaxation.
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Heart rate and blood pressure do not necessarily increase at the same rate. A rising heart rate does not cause your blood pressure to increase at the same rate. Even though your heart is beating more times a minute, healthy blood vessels dilate (get larger) to allow more blood to flow through more easily.
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Blood pressure is recorded with 2 numbers. The systolic pressure (higher number) is the force at which your heart pumps blood around your body. The diastolic pressure (lower number) is the resistance to the blood flow in the blood vessels.