how does global atmospheric circulation work?
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The movement of air across the planet occurs in a specific pattern. The whole system is driven by the equator, which is the hottest part of the Earth. ... Global atmospheric circulation creates winds across the planet and leads to areas of high rainfall, like the tropical rainforests, and areas of dry air, like deserts.
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Warm air being light, the air at the Equator rises, creating a low pressure. At the poles the cold heavy air causes high pressure to be created/formed. It is also due to the rotation of the earth.
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For instance, the researchers found that wind speeds tend to be slower across much of the Northern Hemisphere when temperatures are warmer in parts of the tropical Atlantic and the western Pacific and over Greenland. Temperatures all over the Earth are steadily rising as a result of human-caused climate change.
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Atmospheric Pressure and Winds The heating of the Earth's surface and atmosphere by the sun drives convection within the atmosphere and ocean. This convection produces winds and ocean currents. The greater the pressure differences between a low-pressure area and a high-pressure area, the stronger the winds.
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The major physical components of the global water cycle include the evaporation from the ocean and land surfaces, the transport of water vapor by the atmosphere, precipitation onto the ocean and land surfaces, the net atmospheric transport of water from land areas to ocean, and the return flow of fresh water from the ...
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The atmosphere is hold by earth's gravity force. The gravity force explains a lot of phenomena such as why we stand on earth and with planets orbit stars.
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The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation and warming the surface through heat retention (the greenhouse effect ). The atmosphere is further classified into multiple layers by temperature, which include the thermosphere, the mesosphere, the stratosphere, and the troposphere.
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What factors determine the global pattern of precipitation? The general circulation of the atmosphere; distribution of mountain ranges and high plateaus; temperature; passage of high and low pressure systems; proximity to semi-permanent highs and lows; proximity to large open water sources.
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Step 1: Solar radiation reaches the Earth's atmosphere - some of this is reflected back into space. Step 2: The rest of the sun's energy is absorbed by the land and the oceans, heating the Earth. Step 3: Heat radiates from Earth towards space.
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Atmospheric circulation is the large-scale movement of air and together with ocean circulation is the means by which thermal energy is redistributed on the surface of the Earth. The Earth's atmospheric circulation varies from year to year, but the large-scale structure of its circulation remains fairly constant.
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Ocean Currents. The surface ocean currents have a strong effect on Earth's climate. ... However, these areas do not constantly get warmer and warmer, because the ocean currents and winds transport the heat from the lower latitudes near the equator to higher latitudes near the poles.
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Latitude and Precipitation How they affect it varies with latitude (Figure below). Where air rises, it cools and there is precipitation. Where air sinks, it warms and causes evaporation. These patterns are part of the global wind belts.
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All wind is caused by the uneven heating of Earth's surface, which sets convection currents in motion. Convection currents on a large scale cause global winds; convection currents on a small scale cause local winds.
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The strength, direction, and steadiness of the prevailing winds are crucial for climate. Winds associated with the atmospheric circulation lead to transports of heat and moisture from remote areas and thereby modify the local characteristics of climate in important ways.
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This movement of air is called global atmospheric circulation. Temperatures at the equator are high because incoming solar radiation is more intense as the sun's energy is more concentrated. Due to high temperatures at the equator, the air rises up into the atmosphere. ... As the air is sinking this creates high pressure.
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A low pressure system has lower pressure at its center than the areas around it. Winds blow towards the low pressure, and the air rises in the atmosphere where they meet. As the air rises, the water vapor within it condenses, forming clouds and often precipitation.
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Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atmospheric flow patterns.