is tb endemic in india?
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India has the world's highest incidence of TB, with 2.8 million cases annually, and accounts for more than a quarter of the global TB burden. India also has the largest burden of multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) among all countries, with almost 150,000 cases every year.
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tuberculosis can exist in the air for up to six hours, during which time another person may inhale it. M. tuberculosis does not discriminate against the people whom it meets. It is estimated that every second, a new person is infected with TB.
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While pulmonary TB (lung) can spread through the air, bone TB is not contagious unless you come in contact with a patient's pus. TB of the bone doesn't show classic symptoms such as weight loss or fever, making diagnosis difficult. A good pointer is if you are suffering from extra swelling or pain in only one joint.
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Tsetse fly is also not found in India. "Trypanosoma evansi' infection is common in India livestock and causes a disease known as 'Surra' in cattle, which is endemic in the area from where your patient hails.
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Bovine TB (Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis)) in deer is a notifiable disease. In GB deer are thought to be generally spill over hosts of bovine TB where TB occurs within the species only as long as there is input from an external source.
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TB disease. There is a difference between TB infection and TB disease. When a person has been exposed to someone with TB disease and has breathed in the TB germs, that person may become infected with TB.
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Tuberculosis is an important risk factor for cancer. The dormant bacilli may activate due to disturbed defense mechanisms. Pulmonary cancer mortality was higher in people with tuberculosis than in those without.
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There is more about this on the TB high burden countries page. The country with the highest estimated number of deaths is India with an estimated 410,000 deaths in HIV negative adults and 11,000 in HIV positive adults.
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If you have been diagnosed with contagious tuberculosis (TB), your health care provider may tell you that you need to be on home isolation. Home isolation will help stop the spread of TB to others. Young children and people with weak immune systems are at highest risk for getting sick with TB.
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There is a greater risk to a pregnant woman and her baby if TB disease is not diagnosed and treated. TB skin testing is considered both valid and safe throughout pregnancy. TB blood tests also are safe to use during pregnancy, but have not been evaluated for diagnosing TB infection in pregnant women.
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Primary and secondary TB are also thought to have characteristic radiographic and clinical features: primary TB is said to be characterized by lower-lobe disease, adenopathy, and pleural effusions, and termed atypical, whereas secondary, or reactivation, TB is associated with upper lobe disease and cavitation, termed ...
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The BCG vaccine is given as a single injection. Areas of the world where the risk of TB is high enough to recommend BCG vaccination for previously unvaccinated travellers include: the Indian subcontinent (Bangladesh, Pakistan, India)
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But it can also affect other parts of the body. This could include the joints, bladder, spine, and brain. There are 2 types of TB: Latent or Inactive TB: The bacteria are present in your body but are not making you sick or contagious.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by germs that are spread from person to person through the air. TB usually affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body, such as the brain, the kidneys, or the spine. A person with TB can die if they do not get treatment.
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Eight countries account for two thirds of the total, with India leading the count, followed by, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and South Africa. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) remains a public health crisis and a health security threat.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious, airborne disease that typically affects the lungs. TB is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. If the infection is not treated quickly, the bacteria can travel through the bloodstream to infect other organs and tissues.
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TB is spread through the air from one person to another. The bacteria are put into the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected.