what relationship exists between skin color and protection against ultraviolet radiation?
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Since strong sun exposure damages the body, the solution was to evolve skin that was permanently dark so as to protect against the sun's more damaging rays. Melanin, the skin's brown pigment, is a natural sunscreen that protects tropical peoples from the many harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) rays.
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UVB also stimulates the cells to produce a thicker epidermis. Therefore, UVB is responsible both for the darkening and thickening of the outer cell layers – these reactions are the body's defence against further UV damage. However, higher doses of UVB cause sunburn which increases your likelihood of developing cancer.
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['Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays is thought to be the major risk factor for most skin cancers. ... ', 'Having light-colored skin. ... ', 'Being older. ... ', 'Being male. ... ', 'Exposure to certain chemicals. ... ', 'Radiation exposure. ... ', 'Previous skin cancer. ... ', 'Long-term or severe skin inflammation or injury.']
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Protect your skin with clothing Clothes provide different levels of UV protection. Long-sleeved shirts, long pants, or long skirts cover the most skin and are the most protective. ... Be aware that covering up doesn't block out all UV rays. If you can see light through a fabric, UV rays can get through, too.
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Jablonski explains that melanin, located in the top layer of human skin, absorbs UV radiation, protecting cells from the damaging effects of UV. Genetics determines the type of melanin (i.e., brown/black eumelanin or red/brown pheomelanin) and the amount of melanin present in an individual's cells.
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['Provides a protective barrier against mechanical, thermal and physical injury and hazardous substances.', 'Prevents loss of moisture.', 'Reduces harmful effects of UV radiation.', 'Acts as a sensory organ (touch, detects temperature).', 'Helps regulate temperature.', 'An immune organ to detect infections etc.', 'Production of vitamin D.']
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The skin acts as an external barrier to bacteria, preventing infection and protecting the internal organs. The skin also protects the body from ultraviolet radiation using the pigment barrier formed from melanocyte cells found in the top of the papillary dermis and a protein layer found in the epidermis.
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"There has been a major effort by the medical community to define the relationship between decreases in ozone and the subsequent increases in skin cancer," he said. "The answer is quite clear -- if you multiply the fractional decrease in ozone protection by about three, you get the increase in skin cancer incidence.
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['Fair skin. Anyone, regardless of skin color, can get skin cancer. ... ', 'A history of sunburns. ... ', 'Excessive sun exposure. ... ', 'Sunny or high-altitude climates. ... ', 'Moles. ... ', 'Precancerous skin lesions. ... ', 'A family history of skin cancer. ... ', 'A personal history of skin cancer.']
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Skin colour is primarily determined by genetic inheritance but exposure to sunlight also alters skin colour. There are six skin types, fair skin that always burn, dark skin that never burns and everything in between. Melanin is the pigment that determines skin colour as well as hair and eye colour.
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People who have light-colored eyes are at a slightly higher risk of experiencing light sensitivity than people with darker eyes, especially dark brown eyes. This is because the melatonin in eye color can protect against some ultraviolet (UV) light and reduce how impactful bright light can be on the retina.
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In in vitro studies, melanin has been shown able to react with DNA and is known to act as a photosensitizer that produces ROS after UVA radiation (76) that can produce single strand DNA breaks in skin cells in vitro (77).
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Skin of color: How to prevent and detect skin cancer Although people of color have a lower risk of developing skin cancer than Caucasians, when skin cancer develops in people of color, it is often diagnosed at a more advanced stage – making it more difficult to treat.
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In contrast, facultative skin color results from exposure to UV light and other environmental factors. Tanning, for instance, changes the composition of melanin in the skin and increases the amount and size of melanin produced by melanocytes. Thus, facultative skin is darker than constitutive skin.
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More melanin also means better protection from the sun-- the pigment in your eyes literally protects your retina. Light eyes such as blue, green or grey are more sensitive in sunlight. ... Protecting your eyes from direct sunlight can lower this risk, though.
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['A diet balanced in calcium and phosphorus, protein, energy and other nutrients.', 'Exposure to UVA/UVB invisible light rays.', 'Proper heat gradients.', 'Proper light/dark cycles.', 'Adequate enclosure and/or room to exercise.']
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A person's skin color is determined by the amount of melanin in his or her skin. Melanin is a dark brown to black pigment produced by special cells called melanocytes. Melanin's purpose is to protect the skin from the Sun's harmful UV rays. Ultraviolet radiation can cause skin cancer.