what is the relationship between a gene and rna?
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Together, these two steps are known as gene expression. Transcription: Information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA in the cell nucleus. Although both DNA and RNA are made up of a chain of nucleotide bases, they have slightly different chemical properties.
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DNA makes RNA, RNA makes proteins. How are RNA and the traits expressed by an organism related? RNA codes for the proteins that express the traits. ... New traits would be formed as a result of different RNA and proteins.
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The structure of DNA and RNA. DNA is a double helix, while RNA is a single helix. Both have sets of nucleotides that contain genetic information. ( Image credit: udaix Shutterstock) Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a molecule that contains the instructions an organism needs to develop, live and reproduce.
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RNA is synthesized from DNA by an enzyme known as RNA polymerase during a process called transcription. The new RNA sequences are complementary to their DNA template, rather than being identical copies of the template. RNA is then translated into proteins by structures called ribosomes.
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- Messenger RNA (mRNA) - Long strands of RNA nucleotides that are formed complementary to one strand of DNA. They travel from the nucleus to the ribosome to direct the synthesis of a specific protein. - Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - Associates with proteins to form ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves the cell nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
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There are three types of RNA, each with a unique function. mRNA is used to produce proteins from genes. rRNA, along with protein, forms the ribosome, which translates mRNA. tRNA is the link between the two other types of RNA.
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A gene is a stretch of DNA on a chromosome that has the instructions for making a protein. Each chromosome has many genes with humans having over 22,000 genes in all. A gene's instructions for a protein are written in the three letter code I referred to before. A protein is a molecular machine that does a specific job.
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1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information copied from DNA in the form of a series of three-base code “words,” each of which specifies a particular amino acid. 2. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the key to deciphering the code words in mRNA.
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"DNA is a molecule that contains the instructions an organism needs to develop, live and reproduce. ... The two basic differences between RNA and DNA are: RNA is usually single stranded, while DNA is usually double stranded. RNA doesn't contain cytosine, while DNA doesn't contain adenine."
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Gene expression begins with the DNA being converted into RNA in a process called transcription. The RNA is composed of the complementary nucleotides to the DNA in the gene. ... During translation, molecules known as tRNA, or transfer RNA, bind to the codons in the RNA molecule.
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) is one form of ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule found in cells. mRNA, in short, is a category of RNA. RNA is simply a polymerized chain of nucleotides that have a regular ribose sugar in each amino acid. ... Messenger RNA (mRNA) is one form of ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule found in cells.
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Transcription is the first step in gene expression. It involves copying a gene's DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule. Transcription is performed by enzymes called RNA polymerases, which link nucleotides to form an RNA strand (using a DNA strand as a template).
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DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans. DNA is responsible for storing and transferring genetic information, while RNA directly codes for amino acids and acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes to make proteins.
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Genes are composed of DNA arranged on chromosomes. Some genes encode structural or regulatory RNAs. Other genes encode proteins. Replication copies DNA; transcription uses DNA to make complementary RNAs; translation uses mRNAs to make proteins.
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Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied (transcribed) to mRNA, which carries the information needed for protein synthesis. Transcription takes place in two broad steps. First, pre-messenger RNA is formed, with the involvement of RNA polymerase enzymes.
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Notes: Genes are DNA sequences instruct cells to produce particular proteins, which in turn determine traits. Chromosomes are strings of genes. Mutations are changes in gene's DNA sequence. RNA is somewhat similar to DNA; they both are nucleic acids of nitrogen-containing bases joined by sugar-phosphate backbone.