what is the difference between gene transcription and translation?
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Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template where the code in the DNA is converted into a complementary RNA code. Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template where the code in the mRNA is converted into an amino acid sequence in a protein.
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Transcription occurs in the nucleus of the cell. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. Replication occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
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Both DNA replication and Transcription involve the generation of a new copy of the DNA in a cell. DNA transcription is involved in replicating the DNA into RNA, while the DNA replication makes another copy of DNA. Both the process is involved in the production of new nucleic acids- DNA or RNA.
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Gene expression is the bio-process by which DNA is "transformed" into protein, whereas DNA replication is the bio-process by which the double-helix DNA system is duplicated. ... Gene expression also is source of great errors, such as in splicing, a process by which the mRNA is "edited."
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Translation. For some RNA (non-coding RNA) the mature RNA is the final gene product. In the case of messenger RNA (mRNA) the RNA is an information carrier coding for the synthesis of one or more proteins.
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The central dogma of molecular biology describes the two-step process, transcription and translation, by which the information in genes flows into proteins: DNA → RNA → protein. Transcription is the synthesis of an RNA copy of a segment of DNA.
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First, replication is the duplication of two strands of DNA, whereas transcription is the formation of a single identical DNA from the two stranded DNA.
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Transcription copies the DNA into RNA, while replication makes another copy of DNA. Both processes involve the generation of a new molecule of nucleic acids, either DNA or RNA; however, the function of each process is very different, with one involved in gene expression and the other involved in cell division.
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Translation is a process by which the genetic code contained within a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. It occurs in the cytoplasm following transcription and, like transcription, has three stages: initiation, elongation and termination.
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These genes are located contiguously on a stretch of DNA and are under the control of one promoter (a short segment of DNA to which the RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription). A single unit of messenger RNA (mRNA) is transcribed from the operon and is subsequently translated into separate proteins.
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In bacteria, transcription and translation can occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm of the cell, whereas in eukaryotes transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm. There is only one type of bacterial RNA polymerase whereas eukaryotes have 3 types.
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In bacteria, transcription and translation can occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm of the cell, whereas in eukaryotes transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.
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Transcription vs Reverse Transcription Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Reverse transcription is the process which synthesizes cDNA from an RNA template in retroviruses.
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mRNA is “messenger” RNA. ... The process of making mRNA from DNA is called transcription, and it occurs in the nucleus. The mRNA directs the synthesis of proteins, which occurs in the cytoplasm. mRNA formed in the nucleus is transported out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm where it attaches to the ribosomes.
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Gene expression is the process by which the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional product, such as a protein. ... There are two key steps involved in making a protein, transcription and translation.
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Transcription is the process in which speech or audio is converted into a written text document, whereas captioning divides transcript text into into time-coded chunks, known as “caption frames.” While transcription forms the basis for captioning, they each have different use cases.
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In a prokaryotic cell, transcription and translation are coupled; that is, translation begins while the mRNA is still being synthesized. In a eukaryotic cell, transcription occurs in the nucleus, and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.