what are the environmental impacts of agriculture?
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Some of the environmental issues that are related to agriculture are climate change, deforestation, dead zones, genetic engineering, irrigation problems, pollutants, soil degradation, and waste.
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Background on the Environmental Impacts of GMOs Negative impacts on the environment from GMOs are a big concern for scientists and the public. Negative effects on the environment include increased use of herbicides and pollution of aquatic ecosystems. These fundamental issues will comprise the focus of this paper.
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All agricultural practices have been found to have a variety of effects on the environment. Some of the environmental effects that have been associated with meat production are pollution through fossil fuel usage, animal methane, effluent waste, and water and land consumption.
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Sustainable agriculture integrates three main goals – environmental health, economic profitability, and social equity (Figure 1). A variety of philosophies, policies and practices have contributed to these goals, but a few common themes and principles weave through most definitions of sustainable agriculture.
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Use of natural resources throughout human society leads to many environmental effects such as air and water pollution, land degradation, and climate changes. The population growth, increase in incomes, and higher standards of living through the use of technology lead to many environmental changes.
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Sustainable agriculture relies solely on natural processes for input and recycles nutrients on-site to eliminate the use of non-renewable resources. Alternatively, conventional agriculture requires an incredible amount of energy to produce, prepare, and transport food.
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Farmers are faced with issues impacting agriculture, including new challenges and opportunities every day -- from feeding an expanding global population while meeting strict new emissions requirements, to producing more food on fewer acres while minimizing their environmental footprint.
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Raising livestock for meat, eggs and milk generates 14.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions, the second highest source of emissions and greater than all transportation combined. It also uses about 70% of agricultural land, and is one of the leading causes of deforestation, biodiversity loss, and water pollution.
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There is a two way relationship between food production and air pollution: food production contributes significantly to air pollution; in turn, air pollution can impact food production. Agriculture is the single largest contributor of ammonia pollution as well as emitting other nitrogen compounds.
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The environmental impact of economic growth includes the increased consumption of non-renewable resources, higher levels of pollution, global warming and the potential loss of environmental habitats. However, not all forms of economic growth cause damage to the environment.
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Agricultural intensification impacts on water quality through the release of nutrients (as a result of soil management and fertiliser application) and other chemicals (e.g. pesticides) into the water environment, through biological contamination (e.g. from microbiological organisms in manure) and via soil being eroded ...
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There are many problems that result from this method of growing crops, including deforestation, a direct consequence of cutting down forests for crop land; loss of habitat and species; an increase in air pollution and the release of carbon into the atmosphere—which contributes to global climate change; and an increase ...
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The Environmental Impact of Plant-Based Dairy Alternatives Reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 49% Reducing damage to water supply – with a 50% reduction in acidification, and a 49% reduction in eutrophication.
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These national environmental issues are: Pollution (air, water and soil) Degradation of natural resources such as soil erosion, deforestation, depletion of wildlife, shortage of energy, degradation of marine ecosystems and depletion of mineral resources.
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Furthermore, intensive farming kills beneficial insects and plants, degrades and depletes the very soil it depends on, creates polluted runoff and clogged water systems, increases susceptibility to flooding, causes the genetic erosion of crops and livestock species around the world, decreases biodiversity, destroys ...
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Agricultural practices may also have negative impacts on water quality. Improper agricultural methods may elevate concentrations of nutrients, fecal coliforms, and sediment loads. Increased nutrient loading from animal waste can lead to eutrophication of water bodies which may eventually damage aquatic ecosystems.
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AES are important for farmland conservation because they preserve genetic diversity and the diversity of agro-ecosystems and reduce the environmental effects of food production, such greenhouse gas emissions and declines in water quality (Batáry et al., 2015).