what is data gathering procedure in research methodology?
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Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated research questions, test hypotheses, and evaluate outcomes.
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['Select a problem.', 'Review existing research and theory (when relevant).', 'Develop hypotheses or research questions.', 'Determine an appropriate methodology/research design.', 'Collect relevant data.', 'Analyze and interpret the results.']
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The approach of data collection is different for different fields of study, depending on the required information. The most critical objective of data collection is ensuring that information-rich and reliable data is collected for statistical analysis so that data-driven decisions can be made for research.
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Quantitative methods emphasise on objective measurements and numerical analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires or surveys. Quantitative research focuses on gathering numerical data and generalizing it across groups of people. Babbie, Earl R. The Practice of Social Research.
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There are many methods used to collect or obtain data for statistical analysis. Three of the most popular methods are: Direct Observation • Experiments, and • Surveys. A survey solicits information from people; e.g. Gallup polls; pre-election polls; marketing surveys.
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Quantitative research is the methodology which researchers use to test theories about people's attitudes and behaviors based on numerical and statistical evidence. Researchers sample a large number of users (e.g., through surveys) to indirectly obtain measurable, bias-free data about users in relevant situations.
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['Observations. Making direct observations is a simple and unobtrusive way of collecting data. ... ', 'Surveys / Questionnaires. Questionnaires are a popular means of data collection because they are inexpensive and can provide a broad perspective. ... ', 'Interviews. ... ', 'Focus Groups.']
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Here are the top six data collection methods: Questionnaires and surveys. Observations. Documents and records. Focus groups.
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['Define the research problem.', 'Determine the Research Design.', 'Choose the method to collect primary data.', 'Design the sample.', 'Collect the data.', 'Analyze and interpret the data.', 'Prepare the research report.']
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The case study method is another common data gathering method in an empirical research study. It involves sifting through and analyzing relevant cases and real-life experiences about the research subject or research variables in order to discover in-depth information that can serve as empirical data.
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The research design and methodology outlines the actual research problems and details the process for solving it. A good research design and methodology clearly describes the techniques to be used for selecting samples, collecting data, managing cost, and other aspects that are essential for conducting a research.
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['Identify Research Question. Determine what problem you are seeking to better understand. ... ', 'Determine Location(s) for Research. ... ', 'Formulate Presentation Method. ... ', 'Acquire Permissions and Access. ... ', 'Observe and Participate. ... ', 'Interview. ... ', 'Collect Archival Data. ... ', 'Code and Analyze Data.']
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Basic statistical tools in research and data analysis. Statistical methods involved in carrying out a study include planning, designing, collecting data, analysing, drawing meaningful interpretation and reporting of the research findings. ... The results and inferences are precise only if proper statistical tests are used.
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Characteristics of Research 6. Methodical – research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using systematic method and procedures. 7. Replicability – research design and procedures are repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results.
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['Introduction. provide research question. explain the significance. ... ', 'Methods. describe your methods for gathering information. explain your sources of information, both primary and secondary.', 'Results. describe what you found out from your research. ... ', 'Discussion. explain the significance of your findings.']
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Data collection is gathering of information from various sources, and data analytics is to process them for getting useful insights from it. ... For data collected from different sources and methods need specific data analysis methods and tools to process and get insights from them.
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The scientific method, as applied to social sciences, includes a variety of research approaches, tools, and techniques, for collecting and analyzing qualitative or quantitative data. These methods include laboratory experiments, field surveys, case research, ethnographic research, action research, and so forth.