what are the causes and symptoms of kidney failure?
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['Decreased urine output, although occasionally urine output remains normal.', 'Fluid retention, causing swelling in your legs, ankles or feet.', 'Shortness of breath.', 'Fatigue.', 'Confusion.', 'Nausea.', 'Weakness.', 'Irregular heartbeat.']
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Possible symptoms include: a reduced amount of urine. swelling of your legs, ankles, and feet from retention of fluids caused by the failure of the kidneys to eliminate water waste. unexplained shortness of breath.
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In the United States the two leading causes of kidney failure, also called end stage kidney disease or ESRD, are diabetes (also called Type 2, or adult onset diabetes) and high blood pressure. When these two diseases are controlled by treatment, the associated kidney disease can often be prevented or slowed down.
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Causes of CKD Often it's the result of a combination of different problems. CKD can be caused by: high blood pressure – over time, this can put strain on the small blood vessels in the kidneys and stop the kidneys working properly. diabetes – too much glucose in your blood can damage the tiny filters in the kidneys.
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['Bleeding in the kidney (hemorrhage)', 'Blood clots in kidney veins (renal vein thrombosis)', 'Hydronephrosis.', 'Kidney cancer or a kidney tumor.', 'Kidney cysts.', 'Kidney infection (pyelonephritis)', 'Kidney stones.', 'Polycystic kidney disease.']
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['low calcium levels (especially if you have kidney problems),', 'weakness,', 'constipation,', 'back pain,', 'muscle pain,', 'pain in your arms and legs,', 'anemia,', 'diarrhea, or.']
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Renal insufficiency or failure occurs when the kidneys can no longer remove toxic wastes from the body. These substances build up and symptoms of excess thirst, nausea, pain, weakness, appetite loss, intestinal bleeding and even seizures develop.
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['hypokalemia, or potassium blood deficiency.', 'hypochloremia, or chloride blood deficiency.', 'hypernatremia, or rise in sodium levels.', 'worsening kidney disease.', 'worsening heart failure.', 'muscle weakness and cramps.', 'increased stomach acid production.']
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['kidney disease.', 'diabetes.', 'long-term kidney infections.', 'obstructive sleep apnoea – where the walls of the throat relax and narrow during sleep, interrupting normal breathing.', 'glomerulonephritis – damage to the tiny filters inside the kidneys.', 'narrowing of the arteries supplying the kidneys.']
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In kidney failure, the kidneys lose their ability to filter enough waste products from the blood and to regulate the body's balance of salt and water. Eventually, the kidneys slow their production of urine, or stop producing it completely. Waste products and water accumulate in the body.
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When your kidneys are damaged, waste products and fluid can build up in your body. That can cause swelling in your ankles, nausea, weakness, poor sleep, and shortness of breath. Without treatment, the damage can get worse and your kidneys may eventually stop working. That's serious, and it can be life-threatening.
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['Kidney stones.', 'Confusion or disorientation.', 'Muscle weakness.', 'Bone pain.', 'Weight loss or poor appetite.', 'Extreme thirst.', 'Frequent urination.', 'Nausea, vomiting, or constipation.']
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If the kidneys are not working correctly, this may not happen as it should. The fluid and water can collect in the tissues, causing swelling. Other symptoms linked to kidney disease include blood in the urine, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure.
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Fast facts on chronic kidney disease Common symptoms include blood in urine, high blood pressure, and fatigue. Causes include diabetes and specific kidney diseases, which includes polycystic kidney disease.
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Later stages of CKD A number of symptoms can develop if kidney disease is not found early or it gets worse despite treatment. Symptoms can include: weight loss and poor appetite. swollen ankles, feet or hands – as a result of water retention (oedema)
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Relatively recent research has shown that heart failure is a significant risk factor for kidney disease. When the heart is no longer pumping efficiently it becomes congested with blood, causing pressure to build up in the main vein connected to the kidneys and leading to congestion of blood in the kidneys, too.
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Kidney disease High blood pressure can damage the small blood vessels in your kidneys and stop them from working properly. This can cause a number of symptoms, including: tiredness.