what are the structural differences between gray and white matter?
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White matter is the whitish nerve tissue of the central nervous system that is mainly composed of myelinated nerve fibers (or axons). The central nervous system is the brain and spinal cord. And gray matter is grayish nerve tissue of the central nervous system mainly composed of nerve cell bodies and dendrites.
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Grey and gray are two different spellings of the same word. Gray is more common in the U.S., while grey is more common in other English-speaking countries. In proper names—like Earl Grey tea and the unit Gray, among others—the spelling stays the same, and they need to be memorized.
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INTRODUCTION. WM (white matter), as opposed to GM (grey matter), exclusively contains axons and their glial cell partners; absent from WM are neuronal cell bodies, dendrites and conventional synaptic structures. Glial cells in WM are unique.
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What is the main difference between an MRI scan and an fMRI scan? MRI scans show structural details of the brain, fMRI scans show structure and activity levels.
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The distribution of cells and fibers within the gray matter of the spinal cord exhibits a pattern of lamination. The cellular pattern of each lamina is composed of various sizes or shapes of neurons (cytoarchitecture) which led Rexed to propose a new classification based on 10 layers (laminae).
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Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath around axons. Astrocytes provide nutrients to neurons, maintain their extracellular environment, and provide structural support. Microglia scavenge pathogens and dead cells. Ependymal cells produce cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the neurons.
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The main difference between these two types of neurons is the speed of conduction of impulse. ... Majority of the neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system are myelinated since they require fast conduction speeds. A neuron with unmyelinated axon has a comparatively lower speed of conduction of the nerve signals.
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The brain is composed of 3 main structural divisions: the cerebrum, the brainstem, and the cerebellum (see the images below). At the base of the brain is the brainstem, which extends from the upper cervical spinal cord to the diencephalon of the cerebrum. The brainstem is divided into the medulla, pons, and midbrain.
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The pig brain is similar to humans in that it has a gyrencephalic brain again making it an easily translatable model. Finally, the pig has a similar white to gray matter ratio within the brain as compared to humans (60:40 white to gray matter).
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However, do recall that myelin is an insulating layer, which helps to actually conduct signals through the axon at a much faster speed than unmyelinated axons. Therefore, myelinated axons transmit action potentials faster than unmyelinated axons.
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Grey matter contains most of the brain's neuronal cell bodies. The grey matter includes regions of the brain involved in muscle control, and sensory perception such as seeing and hearing, memory, emotions, speech, decision making, and self-control.
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Before being described in 2014, AFM might have been diagnosed as a type of transverse myelitis. However, one difference between AFM and transverse myelitis has been found by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The gray matter of the spinal cord is inflamed in people with AFM.
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Namely, the gray matter contains glial cells, axon tracts, neuropil (glia, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons), as well as capillary blood vessels (1). The white matter contains the glial cells responsible for the production of myelin (the oligodendrocytes) and the astrocytes (1).
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['Diminished gray matter and white matter in the brain.', 'Memory loss.', 'Loss of attention span.', 'Trouble learning.', 'Alcoholic hepatitis.', 'Liver fibrosis.', 'Steatosis (i.e., fatty liver).', 'Throat, mouth, larynx, breast, liver, colorectal, or esophageal cancer.']
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White matter disease is the wearing away of tissue in the largest and deepest part of your brain that has a number of causes, including aging. This tissue contains millions of nerve fibers, or axons, that connect other parts of the brain and spinal cord and signal your nerves to talk to one another.
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Function. Grey matter contains most of the brain's neuronal cell bodies. The grey matter includes regions of the brain involved in muscle control, and sensory perception such as seeing and hearing, memory, emotions, speech, decision making, and self-control.
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Dendrites are limited to a small region around the cell body while axons can be much longer. Structure. Substantial structural differences exist between dendrites and axons. ... Dendrites usually receive signals, while axons typically transmit them.