why dr and bdr election in ospf?
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All routers depicted above are in the same area (area 0). All routers are running OSPF. Routers R1 and R2 have been elected as DR and BDR because they have the highest and the second highest router ID (100.0.
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OSPF creates a type 5 LSA for a subnet that is injected into OSPF from an external source. To inject the route, the autonomous System Border Router (ASBR), which is by definition a router that connects to a non-OSPF routing domain, uses the redistribute command.
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Olimolina is waiting for your help. Add your answer and earn points. Large degree of centralised political control - often relying on the leader to dictate or mediate between local political leaders.
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BFD works with a wide variety of network environments and topologies. A pair of routing devices exchange BFD packets. Hello packets are sent at a specified, regular interval. ... The BFD failure detection timers have shorter time limits than the OSPF failure detection mechanisms, so they provide faster detection.
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Another reason OSPF still dominates is because OSPF is a layer 3 protocol, while IS-IS is a layer 2 protocol. This means that OSPF information is exchanged using data packets that can be routed, while IS-IS is not. Data packets from layer 3 protocols can traverse routers.
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Unlike with the local preference and weight, where higher is more preferred, with the MULTI_EXIT_DISC, also known as “metric”, the lowest value is preferred. As an “optional non-transitive” attribute, the MED is only present if a router in the local AS or the neighboring AS sets it.
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Your Google search keywords are ' OSPF Neighbor states'). In 2-way state, basically, when 2 routers are "Neighbors", they don't share their complete database (LSDB) with each other. They only share hello's which tells them about their existance. ... In Adjacency, the routers share their complete LSDB's with each other.
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Scalability & Service Provider Support OSPF scales better than EIGRP because EIGRP is more complex in very large scale networks while troubleshooting. ... OSPF have already been running in internal environments as an IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol). Thus, it is easier for an exchange of certain routes with OSFP.
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In production it is best practice to have at least 2 domain controllers per domain. If you factor in each child domain and the other domains that could easily scale up fast if you have two in each one.
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Routing Protocol Type:The RIP is a distance vector protocol whereas the OSPF is a link state protocol. A distance vector protocol uses the distance or hop counts to determine the transmission path. ... Hop Count Restriction:The RIP allows only up to 15 hops, whereas in OSPF protocol, there is no such restriction.
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Een limitatieve opsomming (ook wel een uitputtende opsomming genoemd) is een (wettelijke) opsomming waarop geen uitbreiding mogelijk is. Het resultaat is dat de regeling slechts van toepassing is op de specifieke gevallen. Men spreekt in sommige contexten ook wel van een "gesloten systeem".
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Update destination address: OSPF uses multicast and unicast, rather than broadcast, for sending messages. The IPv4 multicast addresses used for OSPF are 224.0. 0.5 to send information to all OSPF routers and 224.0.
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Local preference is advertised to and effects routing for all iBGP peers. Weight is not advertised and only affects the local box. If you want to force a single BGP device to make a different decision try playing with weight.
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OSPF detects changes in the topology, such as link failures, and converges on a new loop-free routing structure within seconds. OSPF has become a popular dynamic routing protocol. Other commonly used dynamic routing protocols are the RIPv2 and the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
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On point-to-point links, a DR and BDR are not elected since only two routers are directly connected. ... By default, all routers have a priority of 1. if there is a tie, a router with the highest router ID wins the election. The router with the second highest OSPF priority or router ID will become a BDR.
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The motivation behind NSSA is to allow OSPF Stub areas to carry External routes (routes learned using other routing protocols like RIP, EIGRP, BGP, etc). Stub areas are defined as areas that are not capable of importing routes external to OSPF.
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The OSPF not-so-stubby area (NSSA) feature is described by RFC 1587. and is first introduced in Cisco IOS® Software release 11.2. It is a non-proprietary extension of the existing stub area feature that allows the injection of external routes in a limited fashion into the stub area.