what is the genetic relationship between a gametophyte and the gametes it produces?
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At maturity, the gametophyte produces gametes by mitosis, which does not alter the number of chromosomes. Two gametes (originating from different organisms of the same species or from the same organism) fuse to produce a diploid zygote, which develops into a diploid sporophyte.
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Produced by the sporophyte (i.e., spore-bearing) generation, plant spores give rise to the haploid gametophyte (i.e., gamete-bearing) generation. Spores are most conspicuous in the non-seed-bearing plants, including liverworts, hornworts, mosses, and ferns.
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Genetic variation is increased by meiosis During fertilisation, 1 gamete from each parent combines to form a zygote. Because of recombination and independent assortment in meiosis, each gamete contains a different set of DNA. This produces a unique combination of genes in the resulting zygote.
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Diploids cells contain two chromosome sets. For plants, haploid and diploid cells divide via mitosis. The plants' haploid phase is called the gametophyte, and the diploid phase is called the sporophyte. Offspring alternate from diploid sporophytes to haploid gametophytes and back again in generations.
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The two most common gametes are sperm and ova. These two haploid cells can undergo internal or external fertilization and can differ from each other in size, form, and function. Some species produce both sperm and ova within the same organism. They are called hermaphrodites.
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The gametes produced by the meiocytes are haploid. The apple meiocyte has 34 chromosomes after meiosis the gamete has 17 chromosomes.
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In higher plants like ferns and fern allies, the sporophyte stage is dominant. Gametophytes produce gametes (sperm and eggs) in a special structure called a gametangium (-ia), while sporophytes produce spores in a special structure called a sporangium (-ia).
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Gnetophyta's unique fertilization feature is that a tube grows from the eggs to unite with the pollen tubes in order for fertilization to take place between the gametophytes. ... This is the only type of gymnosperm that undergoes double fertilization, however no endosperm forms and the 2nd egg fertilized disintegrates.
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Sexual reproduction requires the union of two specialized cells, called gametes, each of which contains one set of chromosomes. When gametes unite, they form a zygote, or fertilized egg that contains two sets of chromosomes.
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Sporophytes are diploid plants that use meiosis to produce spores. These spores are haploid cells that grow into haploid gametophytes. Megaspores grow into female gametophytes, and microspores grow into male gametophytes. Meiosis occurs in the sporangium of a sporophyte and results in haploid spores.
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Gametes develop in the multicellular haploid gametophyte (from the Greek phyton, “plant”). Fertilization gives rise to a multicellular diploid sporophyte, which produces haploid spores via meiosis. This type of life cycle is called a haplodiplontic life cycle (Figure 20.1).
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The main difference between the two types of plant bodies involved in alternation of generations is that gametophytes produce gametes, and sporophytes produce spores. Essay: What is double fertilization? Double fertilization is the process in which one sperm fertilizes an egg and the other forms a triploid cell.
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Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent, whereas sexual reproduction produces a similar, but genetically unique offspring. In sexual reproduction, meiosis produces haploid gametes that fuse during fertilization to produce a diploid zygote (Figure below).
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First, all plants undergo an alternation of generations, between a haploid gametophyte stage and a diploid sporophyte stage. In the most primitive plants, like mosses, the gametophyte is dominant (i.e. it's big and green). In higher plants like ferns and fern allies, the sporophyte stage is dominant.
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haploid spores germinate (mitosis) into haploid thallus (n), the gametophyte, which can reproduce asexually by gemmae cups containing gemmae or sexually with gametangiophores. fertilization of egg by sperm produces a diploid zygote (2n) which divides by mitosis into new sporophyte.
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The sporophyte is the dominant generation, but multicellular male and female gametophytes are produced within the flowers of the sporophyte. Cells of the microsporangium within (more...) The “leafy” moss you walk on in the woods is the gametophyte generation of that plant (Figure 20.2).
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There are many more angiosperms than gymnosperms. What is the difference between a Sporophyte and a Gametophyte? Sporophyte phase produces spores, while gametophyte phase produces gametes (egg and sperms). Therefore, sporophyte phase is asexual, while gametophyte phase is sexual.