how do you know how many electrons go in each shell?
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Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: The first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight (2 + 6) electrons, the third shell can hold up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) and so on. The general formula is that the nth shell can in principle hold up to 2(n2) electrons.
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Subtract the charge from the atomic number if the ion is positive. If the charge is positive, the ion has lost electrons. To determine how many electrons are left, subtract the amount of charge from the atomic number. In this case, there are more protons than electrons.
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Depending on the atomic mass, you can calculate the number of atoms, and by knowing the number of electrons in the various orbits of each atom, you can find out the total number of electrons. If you were asking for 1 kg of electrons and it's count, then 'n'= 10/(9.11*10^-31)= approximately 10^31 electrons.
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So... for the element of LITHIUM, you already know that the atomic number tells you the number of electrons. That means there are 3 electrons in a lithium atom. Looking at the picture, you can see there are two electrons in shell one and only one in shell two.
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A neutral atom with atomic number 20 will have 20 electrons. The atomic number is, by definiton, the number of protons in an atom's nucleus but for a neutral atom it's also equal to the number of electrons.
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The electrons form layers (or shells) around the nucleus. The first layer can only hold two electrons; the next layer can hold a maximum of eight electrons; and the next layer can only hold 8 electrons. The picture shows the electrons in a sodium atom.
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So... for the element of CARBON, you already know that the atomic number tells you the number of electrons. That means there are 6 electrons in a carbon atom. Looking at the picture, you can see there are two electrons in shell one and four electrons in shell two.
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You can also find the core and valence electrons by determining or looking up the electron configurations of the main group elements. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nuclei of the atoms of an element. A neutral atom has the same number of electrons as protons.
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Answer Expert Verified Then, the number outer-shell d electrons is 4.
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X atom (means no radical) having 19 electrons will be sure potassium, according to the defination of atomic number. Now, the the valancy of an element is equivalent to the number of electrons present in its outermost shell.
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This means that neutral zinc atom has a total of 30 electrons surrounding its nucleus. To see how many of these electrons are valence electrons, write the electron configuration of a neutral zinc atom. Notice that the outermost shell, which for zinc is the fourth shell, n=4 , has two electrons.
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Together, the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element's mass number: mass number = protons + neutrons. If you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has, you can simply subtract the number of protons, or atomic number, from the mass number.
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To see how many of these electrons are valence electrons, write the electron configuration of a neutral zinc atom. Notice that the outermost shell, which for zinc is the fourth shell, n=4 , has two electrons.
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Add two electrons for each of the orientations to the previous electron sum. This is the total number of electrons an atom can contain up through this orbital. For example, since 30 + 2 + 2 = 34, an atom with a valence shell described by the numbers 4,1,0 holds a maximum of 34 electrons.
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The fast way to do it is also to use the relation that the number of orbitals within the n shell of electrons is n^2. So for principle quantum number n=5, there are 25 orbitals, and only 1 electron within each orbital can have a value ms= +1/2, meaning there are 25 electrons with n=5 and ms= +1/2.
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As there are 4 sub shells, those will be :- s,p,d,f giving a total of = 1+3+5+7= 16 orbitals and 1 electrons for each orbital with ms= -1/2 and +1/2 each.. Thus there will be 16 such electrons.
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So... for the element of NITROGEN, you already know that the atomic number tells you the number of electrons. That means there are 7 electrons in a nitrogen atom. Looking at the picture, you can see there are two electrons in shell one and five in shell two.