how did mitochondria and chloroplast evolved?
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once lived as independent organisms. At some point, a eukaryotic cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host eukaryote, gradually developing into a mitochondrion.
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Mitochondria and Chloroplast have two chambers inside them which is the matrix and the cristae in mitochondria, stroma, and thylakoids in a chloroplast. The inner membrane of mitochondria is folded into cristae while that of a chloroplast, rises into flattened sacs called as thylakoids.
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Chloroplasts, the organelles responsible for photosynthesis, are in many respects similar to mitochondria. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria function to generate metabolic energy, evolved by endosymbiosis, contain their own genetic systems, and replicate by division.
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Evolution of cells. ... The hypothesis that eukaryotic cells evolved from a symbiotic association of prokaryotes—endosymbiosis—is particularly well supported by studies of mitochondria and chloroplasts, which are thought to have evolved from bacteria living in large cells.
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Mitochondria and chloroplast are organelles found in a plant cell. However, chloroplast is absent in an animal but mitochondria is found in both. Mitochondria generates energy for the cell in the form of ATP using oxygen and nutrients. Chloroplast is the site for photosynthesis in a plant cell.
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Even though both organelles are found in eukaryotic cells, both mitochondria and chloroplast have characteristics often found in prokaryotic cells. These prokaryotic cell characteristics include: an enclosed double membrane, circular DNA, and bacteria-like ribosomes.
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According to the endosymbiosis theory, Mitochondria and chloroplasts were once organisms (bacteria) of their own that got engulfed by another cell and somehow engaged in a symbyiotic (mutualistic) relationship with each other. That is why they have DNA, because they were once distinct organisms.
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Chloroplasts are present in photosynthetic plants and is responsible for making the food of the plant. ... It is important to note that plants need both chloroplasts and mitochondria because without one organelle say the mitochondria the entire cell would be unable to carry out its life activities.
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The endosymbiotic hypothesis for the origin of mitochondria (and chloroplasts) suggests that mitochondria are descended from specialized bacteria (probably purple nonsulfur bacteria) that somehow survived endocytosis by another species of prokaryote or some other cell type, and became incorporated into the cytoplasm.
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The function of chloroplasts and mitochondria is to generate energy for the cells in which they live. The structure of both organelle types includes an inner and an outer membrane. The differences in structure for these organelles are found in their machinery for energy conversion.
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts are called semi-autonomous organelles because they have their own DNA, enzymes and transport systems.
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts both have double membranes. Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place, and...
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Both animal and plant cells have mitochondria, but only plant cells have chloroplasts. Plants don't get their sugar from eating food, so they need to make sugar from sunlight.
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Both animal and plant cells have mitochondria, but only plant cells have chloroplasts. ... This process (photosynthesis) takes place in the chloroplast. Once the sugar is made, it is then broken down by the mitochondria to make energy for the cell.
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Like mitochondria, chloroplasts produce food for their cells. Chloroplasts help turn sunlight into food that can be used by the cell, a process known as photosynthesis. Like the mitochondria, the chloroplast has an inner and outer membrane.
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How do the chloroplast and mitochondria work together to keep plant cells alive? Chloroplasts convert sunlight into food during photosynthesis, then mitochondria makes energy out of the food in the form of ATP. where critical chemical reactions occur in the cell that allow for the release of energy from food.
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Dr. Margulis theorized that both mitochondria and chloroplasts originated in the prokaryotic world. Mitochondria and chloroplasts were actually prokaryotes themselves, simple bacteria that formed a relationship with host cells. ... Chloroplasts from plant cells may have come from organisms similar to the cyanobacteria.