how c interact with hardware?
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There are two basic mechanisms for interacting with the hardware: The hardware can use interrupts to tell the CPU that something has happened. The CPU stops whatever it is doing and executes a short piece of code to handle the interrupt. ... It is possible to install a C function as an interrupt handler.
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The way C works is like any compiler language, you write a source code, the C program, which is human readable text. Then you call the C-Compiler and get a machine executable.
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Essentially, computer software controls computer hardware. These two components are complementary and cannot act independently of one another. In order for a computer to effectively manipulate data and produce useful output, its hardware and software must work together. Without software, computer hardware is useless.
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['Look-up table (LUT): This element performs logic operations.', 'Flip-Flop (FF): This register element stores the result of the LUT.', 'Wires: These elements connect elements to one another.']
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Hardware is the physical parts of the computer system - the parts that you can touch and see. A motherboard, a CPU, a keyboard and a monitor are all items of hardware. Software is a collection of instructions that can be 'run' on a computer. These instructions tell the computer what to do.
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Answer: When the first m/c code of an instruction is fetched and decoded in the instruction register, the microprocessor recognizes the number of bytes required to fetch the entire instruction. For example MVI A, Data, the second byte is always considered as data.
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A computer kernel interfaces between the three major computer hardware components, providing services between the application/user interface and the CPU, memory and other hardware I/O devices. The kernel provides and manages computer resources, allowing other programs to run and use these resources.
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['Central Processor Unit (CPU)', 'Memory (RAM)', 'Input (keyboard, mouse, etc)', 'Output (monitor, printer, etc)']
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['Set value of timer.', 'Read the clock.', 'Clear memory.', 'Issue a trap instruction.', 'Turn off interrupts.', 'Modify entries in device-status table.', 'Switch from user to kernel mode.', 'Access I/O device.']
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['Fetch. The first step of a CPU is to fetch instructions from the program memory. ... ', 'Decode. After fetching information CPU will determine what to do with that data next, this step is the decode step. ... ', 'Execute. ... ', 'Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) ... ', 'Control Unit (CU)']
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['Address bus - carries memory addresses from the processor to other components such as primary storage and input/output devices. ... ', 'Data bus - carries the data between the processor and other components. ... ', 'Control bus - carries control signals from the processor to other components.']
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['Input or inserting data and instructions.', 'Processing.', 'Output or retrieving data or information.', 'Storing data or information.', 'Controlling of devices and functions.']
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['int main()', '{', 'int n, i;', 'printf("Enter a Number ");', 'scanf("%d",&n);', 'i=1;', 'while(i<=10){', 'printf("%d * %d = %d \\n", n, i, n*i);']
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['Assembly language closely tied to processor architecture. At least four main types:', 'CISC: Complex Instruction-Set Computer. RISC: Reduced Instruction-Set Computer.', 'DSP: Digital Signal Processor. VLIW: Very Long Instruction Word.']
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The Four Stages of Compiling a C Program. Compiling a C program is a multi-stage process. At an overview level, the process can be split into four separate stages: Preprocessing, compilation, assembly, and linking.
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['What is the difference between declaration and definition of a variable/function. ... ', 'What are different storage class specifiers in C? ... ', 'What is scope of a variable? ... ', 'How will you print “Hello World” without semicolon? ... ', 'When should we use pointers in a C program?']
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C uses pointers to create dynamic data structures -- data structures built up from blocks of memory allocated from the heap at run-time. C uses pointers to handle variable parameters passed to functions. Pointers in C provide an alternative way to access information stored in arrays.