what does tfa do in hplc?
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TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) is a commonly used mobile phase additive for reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) separations of proteins and peptides. However, TFA interferes with and significantly reduces the LC/MS signal, lowering sensitivity.
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TLC can be used to analyze a chemical reaction, for example to determine if the reactants have been consumed and a new product has formed. A pure sample of the reactant can be spotted in one lane of a TLC, and the product mixture in another lane.
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Down scaling and up scaling is possible with HPLC, micro HPLC is more sensitive, UHPLC is faster than TLC, pre and post column derivatization is possible with HPLC, different detectors can be used with HPLC, coupling with MS, MS/MS or NMR is possible with HPLC, results are more precise than with TLC.
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Fmoc-Amino Acids are deprotected under basic conditions. ... The majority of our 20 standard Fmoc-amino acids are specified > 99.00% HPLC purity and > 99.80% enantiomeric purity to guarantee more consistent quality peptides. Fmoc-amino acids can contain traces of acetic acid.
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Cut the TLC sheet into strips approximately 2 cm x 7 cm. Draw a pencil line on the short side, approximately 0.5 cm from the bottom. Do not use pen as the ink will dissolve in the organic solvent and separate out, obscuring or contaminating your results. Pour the solvent(s) to be tested into the glass container.
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Very tedious. Better to look up “Balanced Equation for the TCA cycle” on wiki or in a biochem text. According to this, a balanced equation requires an input of 2 water molecules.
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The importance of the prosthetic group, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), is key to the reaction mechanism. TPP is not only the prosthetic group of pyruvate decarboxylase, but it is also at the center of the active site. ... This intermediate is converted to a more stable form by the decarboxylation of pyruvate.
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Separate and purify the individual chains of the protein complex, if there are more than one. Determine the amino acid composition of each chain. Determine the terminal amino acids of each chain. Break each chain into fragments under 50 amino acids long.
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Treponema pallidum hemagglutination commonly known as TPHA is diagnostic test used to detect the dissolved amount of antibodies in the serum sample of a patient against the causative agents of syphilis. To be precise the TPHA test helps in the detection of Palladium antibodies via the hemagglutination method.
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Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique used to separate non-volatile mixtures. Thin-layer chromatography is performed on a sheet of glass, plastic, or aluminium foil, which is coated with a thin layer of adsorbent material, usually silica gel, aluminium oxide (alumina), or cellulose.
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SUMMARY. Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is a common and compatible osmolyte in muscle tissues of marine organisms that is often credited with counteracting protein-destabilizing forces. However, the origin and synthetic pathways of TMAO are actively debated.
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The sample was diluted with three times the reagent, incubated at room temperature and loaded into the cartridge for automated analysis with results in 100 min. Detection of mycobacteria and rifampicin resistance was carried-out in the same setting. Rifampicin resistant samples were further analysed by LPA.
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Each lot of Stop Solution for TMB (3,3'5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine) Substrate has been tested by ELISA. The TMB stop solution will stop TMB and HRP (horseradish peroxidase) reaction by adding the same volume as the TMB substrate added to each well. Addition of stop solution changes the color from blue to yellow.
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['Specific activity = total units of desired protein / mg of total protein.', 'Purification = final specific activity / initial specific activity.', 'Yield (%) = (final total units / initial total units) x 100.']
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FTA Cards contain chemicals that lyse cells, denature proteins and protect nucleic acids from nucleases, oxidation and UV damage. FTA cards rapidly inactivate organisms, including blood-borne pathogens, and prevent the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms. Simply apply your sample to the FTA Card.
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Potassium Permanganate This particular stain is excellent for functional groups which are sensitive to oxidation. Alkenes and alkynes will appear readily on a TLC plate following immersion into the stain and will appear as a bright yellow spot on a bright purple background.
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HPLC methods have many advantages over previously used liquid chromatographic techniques. It allows for higher resolution, better peak shape, reproducible responses and the speed of analysis.