what are signs and symptoms of down syndrome?
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['Flattened face.', 'Small head.', 'Short neck.', 'Protruding tongue.', 'Upward slanting eye lids (palpebral fissures)', 'Unusually shaped or small ears.', 'Poor muscle tone.', 'Broad, short hands with a single crease in the palm.']
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['Physical therapy includes activities and exercises that help build motor skills, increase muscle strength, and improve posture and balance. ... ', 'Speech-language therapy can help children with Down syndrome improve their communication skills and use language more effectively.']
537400
['pulling at ears.', 'closing fists.', 'yawning.', 'fluttering eyelids or difficulty focusing – your baby might even go cross-eyed or seem to be staring into space.', 'making jerky arm and leg movements, or arching backwards.', 'frowning or looking worried.']
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Today the average lifespan of a person with Down syndrome is approximately 60 years. As recently as 1983, the average lifespan of a person with Down syndrome was 25 years.
909288
When a baby is born with Down syndrome, the healthcare provider takes a blood sample to do a chromosome study. Mosaicism or mosaic Down syndrome is diagnosed when there is a mixture of two types of cells. Some have the usual 46 chromosomes and some have 47. Those cells with 47 chromosomes have an extra chromosome 21.
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People with Down syndrome typically have three copies of chromosome 21 in each cell, for a total of 47 chromosomes per cell.
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['Frequent urination.', 'Morning sickness.', 'Fatigue.', 'Food cravings.', 'Mood swings.', 'Constipation.']
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['Breathing problems at birth that get worse.', 'Blue skin color (cyanosis)', 'Flaring nostrils.', 'Rapid breathing.', 'Grunting sounds with breathing.', 'Ribs and breastbone pulling in when the baby breathes (chest retractions)']
222019
['Your uterus measures small for gestational age.', "You're not gaining enough pregnancy weight.", "Your baby's heart rate suddenly drops.", 'You have a decreased amount of amniotic fluid, which is detected via ultrasound.']
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A few of the common physical traits of Down syndrome are low muscle tone, small stature, an upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm – although each person with Down syndrome is a unique individual and may possess these characteristics to different degrees, or not at all.
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Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that includes a combination of birth defects, including some degree of mental retardation, characteristic facial features and, often, heart defects, visual and hearing impairment, and other health problems.
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['Body temperature changes.', 'Breathing problems.', 'Diarrhea or decreased bowel movements.', 'Low blood sugar.', 'Reduced movements.', 'Reduced sucking.', 'Seizures.', 'Slow or fast heart rate.']
25277
['Distinctive facial features, including small eyes, an exceptionally thin upper lip, a short, upturned nose, and a smooth skin surface between the nose and upper lip.', 'Deformities of joints, limbs and fingers.', 'Slow physical growth before and after birth.', 'Vision difficulties or hearing problems.']
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['Low oxygen levels at birth.', 'Trouble staying warm.', 'Trouble feeding and gaining weight.', 'Infection.', 'Breathing problems and immature lungs (infant respiratory distress syndrome)', 'Nervous system problems, such as bleeding inside the brain (intraventricular hemorrhage)']
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Results of the test for Down syndrome and trisomy 18 usually take one to two weeks. A rapid technique for the diagnosis of Down syndrome and trisomy 18, fluorescence in situ hybridization (or FISH), is available at Women & Infants. FISH results usually take two days.
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['Feel a little tired or very tired.', 'Feel less alert or have trouble concentrating.', 'Have a loss of appetite or lose weight.', 'Have paler-than-normal skin.', 'Have trouble breathing.', 'Have rapid heartbeat.', 'Have reduced ability to exercise or climb stairs.']
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1. Today the average lifespan of a person with Down syndrome is approximately 60 years. As recently as 1983, the average lifespan of a person with Down syndrome was 25 years.