what is abca1 cellular function?
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The ABCA1 gene belongs to a group of genes called the ATP-binding cassette family, which provides instructions for making proteins that transport molecules across cell membranes. The ABCA1 protein is produced in many tissues, with high amounts found in the liver and in immune system cells called macrophages.
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Membrane-bound immunoglobulin on the B-cell surface serves as the cell's receptor for antigen, and is known as the B-cell receptor (BCR). ... The secretion of antibodies, which bind pathogens or their toxic products in the extracellular spaces of the body, is the main effector function of B cells in adaptive immunity.
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Alveolar type II cells secrete a lipoprotein material called surfactant, whose primary function is to reduce the surface tension in the alveoli. Surfactant is a lipoprotein that consists mainly of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and some glycoprotein components. ... Surfactant keeps alveoli dry.
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Glycans attached to proteins and sphingolipids are ubiquitous in biological systems, and are involved in important functions such as inflammation, the immunological response, metastasis, and bacterial and viral infection.
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Introduction. Plasma cells are differentiated B-lymphocyte white blood cells capable of secreting immunoglobulin, or antibody. These cells play a significant role in the adaptive immune response, namely, being the main cells responsible for humoral immunity.
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DH5-Alpha Cells are E.coli cells engineered to maximize transformation efficiency. They are defined by three mutations recA1, endA1 which help plasmid insertion and lacZM15 which enable blue white screening. The cells are competent and often used with calcium chloride transformation to insert the desired plasmid.
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The plasma membrane or bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer and thus has all of the general functions of a cell membrane such as acting as a permeability barrier for most molecules and serving as the location for the transport of molecules into the cell.
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves important functions particularly in the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins.
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Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are a heterogeneous group of immune cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens for recognition by certain lymphocytes such as T cells. Classical APCs include dendritic cells, macrophages, Langerhans cells and B cells.
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In the parenchyma, for instance, alveolar type II cells are enriched in mitochondria, which provide ATP to support surfactant synthesis, secretion, and recycling.
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Interestingly, some PRRs are also expressed and functional in cells of the adaptive immune system. These receptors provide lymphocytes with innate sensing abilities; for example, B cells express Toll-like receptors, which are important for the humoral response.
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Phospholipid bilayers are critical components of cell membranes. The lipid bilayer acts as a barrier to the passage of molecules and ions into and out of the cell. However, an important function of the cell membrane is to allow selective passage of certain substances into and out of cells.
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Alpha-1 occurs when there is a lack of a protein in the blood called alpha-1 antitrypsin, or AAT. AAT, the alpha-1 protein, is mainly produced by the liver. The main function of AAT is to protect the lungs from inflammation caused by infection and inhaled irritants such as tobacco smoke.
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Research has shown that CoQ10 plays several key roles in your body. One of its primary functions is to help generate energy in your cells. It's involved in making adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is involved in energy transfer within cells ( 2 ).
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Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is anchored to the cell wall envelope of Staphylococcus aureus by sortase A, which links the threonyl (T) of its C-terminal LPXTG motif to peptidoglycan cross-bridges (i.e., Gly5). SpA binds the Fcγ domains of IgG and protects staphylococci from opsonophagocytic clearance.
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The primary function of choanocytes is to assist with circulation. The flagellum on each choanocyte whips back and forth, which creates water movement. This water current helps circulate seawater within and through the sponge.