how much bigger is oxygen than hydrogen?
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An oxygen atom is about 20-30% larger in radius than hydrogen. But you have to realize that atoms are not hard balls, and when they approach each other they can make chemical bonds or ions which changes them.
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(For the record, quantum effects play a large role as well.) 1. There are 16 grams of oxygen in 18 grams of water. We can see from the formula for water, H2O, there are twice as many hydrogen atoms (each of atomic mass 1) as oxygen atoms (each of atomic mass 16).
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There are 16 grams of oxygen in 18 grams of water. We can see from the formula for water, H2O, there are twice as many hydrogen atoms (each of atomic mass 1) as oxygen atoms (each of atomic mass 16).
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One mole of oxygen contains 6.022 × 1023 molecules. 1.20 × 1022 molecules of oxygen contain = 1.20 × 1022 / 6.022 × 1023 = 0.01099 moles.
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There actually are simple... According to Wikipedia article on the Atmosphere of Earth it's 0.000055%. According to Wikipedia article on Hydrogen it's 1 ppm by volume, or 0.0001%.
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Since you have 10 moles of hydrogen, at that ratio you will need 5 moles of oxygen to for the reaction to use all the hydrogen. Since oxygen weighs ~16 grams per mole, you add 5 × 16 g, or 80 g to the 10.1 g from the 10 moles of hydrogen to get 90.1 grams of H2O.
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Oxygen (O2) produces less water (H2O) than hydrogen (H2) therefore oxygen is the limiting reactant.
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These atoms have the same number of protons, but slightly different number of neutrons. How convenient! Looks like you have 2 moles of Water! So there are 4 moles of Hydrogen, and 2 moles of Oxygen in 2 moles of Water.
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1 Oxygen atom has a mass of 16 grams, thus diatomic oxygen weights twice as much- 32 grams. Hence 32 grams is needed.
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(In case you're wondering, though, Mercury is still significantly larger than the dwarf planet Pluto: Pluto's equatorial diameter is just 2,302 km, about half Mercury's width.)
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From the above reaction, 2 moles of hydrogen will react with 1 mole of oxygen. Hence, 1 mole of oxygen is required.
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The difference is due to the fact that one water molecule has two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom, as explained above. This means it takes two water molecules (2 H2O) to make one oxygen molecule (O2). At the same time, however, two molecules of water (2 H2O) can make two molecules of hydrogen (2 H2).
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The electron is being removed from the same orbital as in hydrogen's case. It is close to the nucleus and unscreened. The value of the ionisation energy (2370 kJ mol-1) is much higher than hydrogen, because the nucleus now has 2 protons attracting the electrons instead of 1.
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Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.0, while oxygen has an electronegativity of 3.5. The difference in electronegativities is 1.5, which means that water is a polar covalent molecule.
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For H2O, there is one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen. A molecule can be made of only one type of atom. In its stable molecular form, oxygen exists as two atoms and is written O2. to distinguish it from an atom of oxygen O, or ozone, a molecule of three oxygen atoms, O3.
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The original number of oxygen atoms was about 80 times larger than Avogadro's number. Since each sulfuric acid molecule contains 4 oxgyen atoms, there are about 20 moles of sulfuric acid molecules.
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Re: How much energy is required to split a water molecule into oxygen and hydrogen? Yes, it takes at least as much energy to split water into O2 and H2 as is released when these gases combine to form water. This is about 260 kJ per mole of water or just shy of 5 eV per molecule of water (4 electrons times 1.23 V).