Then, after Alexander's death in 323 b.c. , Cleomenes took control of the country under the name Ptolemy I. The new city of Alexandria, located on the Mediterranean coast, became the base for the Ptolemaic control of Egypt and the cultural capital of Europe, and Thebes finally lost its influence.
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Alexandria became the base for Ptolemaic control of Egypt.
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Alexandria and Thebes, both influential cities, coexisted as pillars of Egyptian society throughout the rule of Ptolemy.