David Farber: FCC 700-MHz Spectrum Auction a Hot Contest
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Carnegie Mellon professor and telecommunications expert David Farber explains what's at stake in the January 2008 FCC auction of spectrum in the 700-MHz band -- spectrum that Google has expressed interest in.
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Top bidders put up a total of more than $2.4 billion on Thursday in the opening round of the Federal Communications Commission's auction of coveted U.S. government-owned airwaves.
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Google is one of several nontraditional communications companies planning to bid on 700MHz wireless spectrum. But at this point it's really anyone's game.
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The bidding topped $3.7 billion on  the second day of the Federal Communications Commission's  auction of government-owned airwaves, but there were no new  suitors Friday for a closely watched block of spectrum to be  shared with public safety agencies.
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Debate over February 2009 auctions of wireless spectrum has reached the U.S. presidential campaign.
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The maverick network service provider run by former Netscape CEO Jim Barksdale, and that was largely responsible for convincing the US Federal Communications Commission to impose new and innovative rules for bidders on certain blocks of the 700 MHz UHF spectrum, is now saying it may not be able to bid after all. In a formal complaint to the FCC filed Monday, lawyers for Frontline Wireless accused the FCC of "getting it wrong" by having set the asking price of the choicest blocks in the auction too high.
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Chairman Kevin Martin supports open spectrum access. The catch is that the spectrum auction rules being floated make it unlikely an open network could ever actually be built.
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Bidding reached $18.55 billion on  Friday in the U.S. Federal Communications Commission's  record-setting auction of government-owned wireless airwaves,  but there were no new offers for two large, closely watched  slices of spectrum.
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The upcoming 700MHz spectrum auctions by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)&#160;have drawn bid applications from giant companies including Google and AT&amp;T. But a number of small companies and individuals have submitted bid applications as well.Late Tuesday, the FCC announced that it had accepted bids from 96 applicants and has another 170 applications that are incomplete for the auction of highly coveted spectrum that can be used for voice or wireless broadband service.Some of those applicants may not complete their applications. In the FCC&#39;s advanced wireless services auction in 2006, 252 organizations submitted applications, and there were 168 qualified bidders.It&#39;s typical that several initial applicants will bow out before they have to submit deposit payments, said analyst Jack Gold of J. Gold Associates. &quot;When it comes to putting down earnest money, many [applicants] back away or can&#39;t get the money,&quot; he said.Applicants have until Jan. 4 to pay their deposits or resubmit their applications for the auction, which begins Jan. 24.The FCC designed the auction in an effort to attract small bidders. Up for sale is 62MHz of spectrum in the 700MHz band, now occupied by U.S. television stations. In late 2005, Congress passed legislation requiring U.S. TV stations to move to all-digital broadcasts and abandon analog spectrum between channels 52 and 69. The deadline for TV stations to end broadcasts in the 700MHz band is February 2009.The spectrum is broken up into five blocks, with three of the five blocks divided into small geographic areas. A 12MHz block of spectrum called the A block is divided up into 176 small geographic areas, called economic areas, as is the 6MHz E block. The 12MHz B block is broken up into 734 local areas called cellular market areas. Bidders can win multiple regional or local licenses.But the chances of small companies winning significant amounts of spectrum is &quot;pretty slim,&quot; Gold said. &quot;Any areas with significant population densities will bring in the big boys, who seek revenues from a mass market,&quot; he said. &quot;I suppose some smallish rural areas may be of less interest to AT&amp;T [or] Verizon, but these guys want true countrywide networks, so they will likely bid there anyway.&quot;Several unfamiliar names are among the prospective bidders who submitted incomplete applications:-- Office of Spectral Ecology, listed as an unincorporated association, with one board member, based in Montreal.-- Dragon Arch, listed as a corporation based in New York City.-- FaithFone Wireless, a Phoenix wireless carrier launched in September 2006. FaithFone is a self-described &quot;purpose-driven Christian mobile phone company, offering a cell phone service combining faith and family content.&quot; FaithFone&#39;s wireless service offers daily devotionals, Bible passages and a prayer of the day through text messaging.-- The Navajo Department of Information Technology.-- Part-15.org, a nonprofit organization for users of unlicensed wireless spectrum.Smaller companies with annual revenue of less than $15 million that have submitted complete applications include:-- Grain Spectrum, based in Sarasota, Florida, a minority-owned company focused on building wireless networks for government users.-- GreenFly, a mobile services provider founded in 2006 and based in Scottsbluff, Nebraska.-- Xpressweb Internet Services, an Internet service provider based in Kanab, Utah.The auction, expected to raise more than $10 billion, is likely to last several weeks. Many spectrum experts call the 700MHz band &quot;beachfront&quot; property because it can carry wireless broadband signals three to four times farther than some other spectrum bands.Since early December, applicants have been in an FCC-mandated quiet period. The FCC spectrum auction rules prohibit collusion on bidding plans.
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The high bids totalled $3.2 billion in the U.S. Federal Communications Commission&#39;s&#160;auction of wireless spectrum licenses in the 700MHz band&#160;after three rounds and a day and a half of bidding.
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One of the major questions as the U.S. Federal Communications Commission kicks off a multibillion-dollar spectrum auction Thursday is whether the auction will produce a winning bidder that will challenge telecom and cable-based broadband providers with a national wireless broadband network.Other questions will also be answered in coming weeks as the auctions, for 62MHz of long-range, high-speed spectrum, unfold. Will Google or another bidder buy enough spectrum to launch a &quot;third pipe&quot; broadband network? Will any bidders step forward and pledge to build a nationwide broadband and voice network for emergency response agencies?The bids to watch in the 700MHz auctions are for the C block, a 22MHz band of spectrum broken up into 12 regional licenses, and the D block, 10MHz of auctioned spectrum paired with another 10MHz set aside for a combined national commercial/emergency response agency network. Startup Frontline Wireless, one of the primary backers of the public-private model for an emergency responder network, announced in December that&#160;it had ceased operations.&quot;The pull-out of Frontline leaves the whole D Block auction up in the air,&quot; analyst Jack Gold of J. Gold Associates said in an e-mail. &quot;There is no way to know if a last-minute group will come on board. While the goal of establishing a universal network for public safety/security is a laudable goal, it is not the most lucrative area from a pure business perspective, so it is not clear how much demand there might be or who might step up to the plate to make this work.&quot;The FCC may have made a mistake in adopting the plan by Frontline, a company with former FCC chairman Reed Hundt as its vice chairman, said Carlyn Taylor, a senior managing director in business consultancy FTI&#39;s corporate finance practice.&quot;I&#39;m not sure how well [Frontline&#39;s plan] hung together from a financial standpoint,&quot; Taylor said. &quot;I&#39;m not sure anybody else is going to try to do what Frontline says they were going to do. There doesn&#39;t seem to be anybody else with a similar approach.&quot;If any other company bids on the D block, it will be much less than the FCC would have received without the national public safety network build-out rules, Taylor said.But the Public Safety Spectrum Trust (PSST), the nonprofit group of emergency response agency representatives that&#160;controls the public safety portion of the spectrum, said earlier this month it continues to support the FCC plan for the D block. The FCC should &quot;do all that it can&quot; to advance the public-private partnership meant to bring about the nationwide public safety broadband network, said Harlin McEwen, the PSST&#39;s chairman, in a statement. &quot;While it would not be appropriate for the PSST to comment on any potential bidder&#8217;s strategy, we want to restate our enthusiasm for and commitment to what the FCC has done.&quot;In the C block, the FCC required that&#160;winning bidders operate under open-access rules, meaning the winning bidder must allow any legal devices to connect to the network and allow customers to access any legal Web content of their choosing. Google, which pushed for the open-access rules, has&#160;pledged to bid at least $4.6 billion for the C block, and the FCC later set that figure as the minimum price it will accept.FCC rules prohibit potential bidders such as Google from commenting on their spectrum plans in the run-up to the auction. Bidding is anonymous, but the FCC will release some information about the auctions at its auction Web page.But several wireless industry observers have suggested that Google may not want to win the C block spectrum. Google, by getting the FCC to adopt the open-access rules and by pushing Verizon Wireless and AT&amp;T to&#160;open up their current wireless networks to outside devices and applications, has already accomplished much of what it has wanted, Taylor said.&quot;I think it&#39;s fairly widely believed that [Google] doesn&#39;t really want to be the actual carrier,&quot; Taylor said. &quot;That doesn&#39;t mean they still wouldn&#39;t buy spectrum and then work with somebody else who&#39;s a carrier.&quot;A subcontracting arrangement with a wireless carrier would make sense for Google, she said.Blair Levin, a telecom analyst with Stifel, Nicolaus &amp; Co., also doubts Google will be a major player in the C block bidding. With the U.S. stock markets tanking in recent weeks, Google may not want to spend $10 billion to build a national network, he said, referring to the estimated cost.Before the FCC set the auction rules in July, Google had also inquired about the legality of selling spectrum on a wholesale basis. The FCC ruled that such a plan would be legal.In addition to the current wireless giants AT&amp;T and Verizon Wireless, other companies to watch are the cable television providers, satellite TV providers and handset maker Qualcomm, Taylor said. Qualcomm and cable provider Cox were among the 214 bidders approved by the FCC this month.Look for wireless carriers such as AT&amp;T and Verizon to bid defensively, she said. &quot;If the traditional mobile carriers really are the final winners of most of the spectrum, then nothing interesting happens,&quot; she said. &quot;They don&#39;t want to see some major new entrant coming in.&quot;Falling stock prices on Wall Street may discourage some competing bidders, with the auction coming at &quot;precisely a bad time&quot; for investment in a new nationwide network, Taylor said. But these auctions may be the last chance for a third nationwide broadband network, she added.The 700MHz spectrum band carries wireless broadband signals three to four times farther than some higher spectrum bands, making it perfect for long-range broadband networks. &quot;If you&#39;re going to build a green-field network from scratch, you want to build it at low megahertz like this,&quot; Taylor said. &quot;If anybody was seriously considering launching a fully new competitor ... from scratch, this is the chance. There isn&#39;t going to be another one, probably.&quot;
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AT&amp;T and Verizon Wireless want to go up against other current mobile operators and some possible future competitors, including Google, in next month&#39;s&#160;auction for 700MHz wireless spectrum&#160;around the U.S.
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At the close of the first full day of&#160;bidding for 700MHz wireless spectrum&#160;Thursday, the Federal Communications Commission reported nearly $2.8 billion in provisional winning bids.There were 1,122 new bids filed in the second of two rounds that was held in the afternoon. The total value of all provisional bid winners jumped 15 percent from the morning bidding round, when $2.4 billion was offered.A total of 1,099 licenses can be bid upon, although only 902 had received bids by the end of the day.All the bids are filed anonymously and bidders are prohibited from publicly discussing their bids in an effort to reduce anticompetitive behavior, the FCC said.Computerworld is an InfoWorld affiliate.
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A bid on the largest portion of public wireless airwaves, now being auctioned by the federal government, reached $4.7 billion on Thursday, triggering a provision to allow any device or software to work on that spectrum.
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(InfoWorld) - Several lawmakers protested a spectrum auction proposal from the chairman of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC), saying his plan could limit the number of bidders and raise costs to consumers. FCC Chairman Kevin Martin's plan would require winners of part of theÂ 700MHz band of spectrum, to be auctioned by early next year, to accept any wireless devices, including phone handsets, allowing customers to transfer devices between mobile providers. Martin's plan would also include net neutrality-like rules, prohibiting auction winners from blocking or slowing Web content from other providers. But several members of the House of Representatives Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet, many of them Republicans, questioned Martin's proposed rules, which have support of the majority of the FCC. Representative Joe Barton, a Texas Republican, said he was "very disappointed" that fellow Republican Martin was proposing regulations for part of the 60MHz of spectrum to be auctioned. Some proposals byÂ consumer groups and Frontline WirelessÂ would also require auction winners to provide wholesale access to competitors, and Barton praised Martin for not including that provision. "It's not quite as bad as the Frontline plan, but I don't think it's as good as absolute no-condition auction," Barton said. Many Republicans suggested that auction conditions would decrease the value of the spectrum. Congress has budgeted the auction to raise $10 billion with about half of that going toward reducing the U.S. government budget deficit. "Congress has already spent that money," said Representative Charles Gonzalez, a Texas Democrat. Questions about Martin's proposal came from a handful of Democrats. Representative John Dingell, a Michigan Democrat and chairman of the full House Energy and Commerce Committee, asked FCC commissioners whether the device-portability rules would increase the cost of wireless phone plans. Customers want to be able to take their mobile phones with them when they switch carriers, but carriers generally haven't offered that option, Martin said. "I think the benefits outweigh the costs and concerns," he said. Barton suggested that winning bidders could implement the device-portability and net neutrality proposals without FCC mandate. Google has indicatedÂ it could bid billions of dollars, Barton noted. "Why shouldn't we just let Google bid?" Barton said. "If they've got a better idea, why don't they go into the marketplace and bid their four or five billion dollars?" There's customer demand for device portability, but carriers haven't acted on it, Martin said. Wireless carriers didn't offer phone number portability until the FCC forced them to in late 2003, then millions of U.S. residents took advantage of it, he said. Asked whether they supported Martin's proposals, the FCC's two Democrats said they did, while the two other Republicans said they hadn't made their minds up yet. "Please let me keep my phone and let me take it wherever I want," said subcommittee chairman Ed Markey, a Massachusetts Democrat. The so-called open-access rules are necessary for new broadband competition to challenge cable and telecom providers, said FCC commissioner Michael Copps, a Democrat. The 700MHz auction is the last major spectrum auction on the horizon, many participants said. "This is one proceeding where we cannot fail," Copps said. Some lawmakers suggested Martin's proposal doesn't go far enough. Representative Charles "Chip" Pickering, a Mississippi Republican, called on the FCC to require wholesale access rules as well. Wholesale access would allow new and innovative services to flourish on the networks using the spectrum, he said. Martin's plan would "enhance markets and competition," he added.
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More than 200 companies qualified to bid in the upcoming auction of public airwaves that could raise as much as $15 billion for the U.S. Treasury. But it's not clear whether any of those companies will fulfill one of the key goals of the auction -- to attract a bidder that would build a wireless...
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The Federal Communications Commission said its wireless spectrum auction ended money, netting the U.S. Government a record $13.9 billion. T-Mobile led all bidders with $4.2 billion bid across 120 licenses.