united-states discrimination civil-rights
What happens when a public institution in the US engages in segregation?
<p>After the passage of Civil Rights Act what's the formal process to bring charges against schools, government institutions, or businesses that engage in segregation or other variations of &quot;seperate but equal&quot; policies. Say we were looking at a non-compliant public school during the transition from Jim Crow but under up to date laws, what is the case brought against them and the legal remedy that is pursued.</p>
<p>I chose schools as they are also somewhat government institutions, though if there is a significant difference in treatment on public/private then I'd also be interested in hearing how they differ, say how segregation policies would be punished if a city government or mayors office engaged in it vs private restaurant.</p>

<p>For a government agency at the state or local level, the aggrieved party would bring an action under <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1983" rel="nofollow noreferrer">42 U.S.C. 1983</a>, which allows for relief from anyone who deprives another person &quot;of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws.&quot;</p>
<p>If the offending party is a private entity, you would most likely bring an action under <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1981" rel="nofollow noreferrer">42 U.S.C. 1981</a>, which provides that all people have the right to do business on the same terms as those afforded to white people.</p>
