india vice-president
To whom does the Vice President of India submit his resignation?
<p>In India, the Vice-President shall submit his resignation to the President. But my question is:</p>

<p>In the absence of the President, the Vice-President shall submit his resignation to____?</p>

<p><a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/3/20" rel="nofollow noreferrer">In the US</a>, the resignation of the office of President or Vice-President must be in writing to the Secretary of State. In India, <a href="https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">the constitution</a> provides (Art. 65) that</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In the event of the occurrence of any vacancy in  the  office  of 
  the  President  by  reason  of  his  death, resignation  or  removal, 
  or  otherwise,  the  Vice-President shall  act  as  President  until 
  the  date  on  which  a  new President  elected  in  accordance  with 
  the  provisions  of this  Chapter  to  fill  such  vacancy  enters 
  upon  his  office</p>
</blockquote>

<p>and (Art 67)</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>a Vice-President may, by writing under his hand addressed  to  the 
  President,  resign  his  office;</p>
</blockquote>

<p>It does not require that the president be named, nor does it require that the resignation actually be delivered to the president. The VP a.k.a. acting President can notify himself of his resignation, since he functions completely as the president. The houses of parliament might elect a new vice president between resignations.</p>
