united-states us-federal-government local-authorities
Can State/City bar US Federal LEO from certain locations?
<p><a href="https://portal.311.nyc.gov/article/?kanumber=KA-03218" rel="nofollow noreferrer">The Official Website of the City of New York</a> claims:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Federal enforcement officers, which includes ICE, cannot enter hospitals, schools, or shelters.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>What exactly does this mean?</p>

<p>E.g., suppose an FBI agent pursues a bank robber and the latter runs into an NYC public school. Can the agent enter the school to arrest the robber?</p>

<p><strong>PS.</strong> <code>Federal enforcement officers, which includes ICE...</code> - if it <em>includes</em> ICE, there <em>must</em> be some other Fed LEO who are also covered by the sentence. However, the page is only dedicated to Immigration, and ICE is the only Federal agency doing immigration enforcement. I guess this is merely sloppy editing.</p>

<p>It is dubious that this statement has any legal standing. The city comptroller <a href="https://comptroller.nyc.gov/services/for-the-public/immigrant-rights-and-services/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">promulgates immigrant-rights information</a> which says the predictable things about the right to remain silent, asking if you are free to go, and so on in the form of a <a href="https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/know-your-rights-in-ICE-interactions-MOIA-flyer.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">know your rights sheet</a>. It correctly states that the city <a href="https://www1.nyc.gov/site/immigrants/programs/social-economic/immigration-enforcement.page" rel="nofollow noreferrer">will not cooperate</a> with federal authorities in enforcing immigration laws, except when required by law. <a href="https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/eo-41.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Executive order 41</a> prohibits the city from disclosing immigration-status information. The closest statement other that the claim in the OP is the section on public schools:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>if a federal enforcement officer or immigration enforcement officer
  approaches a public school, the school will ask the officer for
  detailed information about the nature of the visit and whether the
  officer has any paperwork or warrants. The school will then instruct
  the officers to wait outside of the school building while school staff
  consult with attorneys at the New York City Department of Education
  (DOE). Public schools will not give any information to such officers
  or allow such officers to enter any schools unless it is absolutely
  required by law.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The statement that federal officers "cannot enter hospitals, schools, or shelters" is an exaggeration. With a warrant, they can enter, period. With permission of the owner, they can enter without a warrant (which will be denied in public school, but not automatically in all schools). Incidentally, their statement cannot be interpreted to mean that a federal law enforcement officer cannot seek medical assistance – this denial of permission to enter surely must be specifically restricted to "entering for the purpose of enforcing federal immigration law, when permission or a warrant is required".</p>

<p>The exact "non-cooperation" rules are set forth in <a href="https://www.ilrc.org/sites/default/files/resources/nyc.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Local Laws 58 and 59 of 2014</a>.</p>

<p>The Jurisdiction of the U.S. Federal Government includes all territorial possessions of the United States, which has included New York City since 1776.  Basically if it is considered a federal crime scene, then Federal Law Enforcement can enter with proper warrants from a Federal Judge.</p>

<p>New York City can certainly claim that, but when the conflict actually occurs, in all likelihood, the courts will overturn this.   Typically though, the Feds are not paying for Hospitals, schools, or shelters as any public funding will come from the city or the state.  And all three have private equivalent services which are not considered city or state property for the purposes of refusing entry.  It might be argued that the Feds do not have permission for warrantless entry into a facility so ICE can't show up to PS whatever and check to see all students are lawful immigrants or citizens and are not part of an international smuggling ring (That would be the C part of ICE) without a warrant, but chasing a criminal into any building does not typically require a warrant to enter the building (since the immediate concern is a possibly armed individual having access to vulnerable innocent people).</p>
