trademark domain-name
Can Musk threaten X11?
<p>Twitter, recently changed hands and became owned by Elon Musk, who decided to change its name to &quot;X&quot;.</p>
<p>There's the FOSS X11 desktop environment being developed for various Unix and Unix-like systems, and is hosted at <code>x.org</code>. Many operating systems provide X11 GUI packages under the &quot;umbrella&quot; name of <code>xorg</code> (which means installing this package will automatically install other dependencies on those systems)</p>
<p><strong>Q</strong>: Is it possible, that some kind of trademark dispute can lead to X11 losing its <code>x.org</code> domain name, and/or other formed/formless assets?</p>

<p>This is unlikely to be a problem. There are <em>many</em> companies that have already registered software-related trademarks prominently involving an <code>X</code> or the name <code>Xcom</code>. That Twitter has changed to <code>X</code> branding does not substantially change this general situation.</p>
<p>With trademarks, the general question is whether similar branding causes confusion. It is unlikely that someone would confuse the X display server / X.Org project / X.Org Foundation with the social media service now being branded as <code>X</code> or <code>x.com</code>.</p>
<p>Of course, anyone can sue anyone, the real question is whether that's possible successfully. Here, I have my doubts that <code>x.com</code> could successfully demonstrate confusion in its favour.</p>
<p>It is worth noting that the X.Org Foundation does not seem to hold any relevant trademark registrations at all. This is not unusual for Open Source software projects and doesn't mean that X.Org has no rights, but does make a defense a bit more difficult. However, there also doesn't seem to be a relevant registration by the ex-Twitter company or by the X Corp.</p>
<p>The <code>x.org</code> domain name is unlikely to be threatened. If the <code>x.org</code> domain name was being used in bad faith it could maybe be seized, but the X.Org Foundation has a pretty strong claim on this name. For historical context, both <code>x.com</code> and <code>x.org</code> were among the six <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-letter_second-level_domain" rel="noreferrer">single-letter .org/.net/.com domain names</a> when such registrations were stopped in 1993. But while <code>x.com</code> has been pretty much dormant since that company was renamed to PayPal, <code>x.org</code> has (I think) always been associated with the display server software, and has been used continuously by the X.Org Foundation since its establishment in 2004.</p>

<p>Trademark rights go to the first one who uses them in commerce, or who registered them with the intention to use them in commerce. So if anything, the X.Org Foundation could be a legal threat to <s>Twitter</s> X , claiming that the rebranding of Twitter infringes <em>their</em> trademark which they have already been using in commerce for decades. Not the other way around.</p>
<p>However, a possible response of a large company discovering that they inadvertently infringed on the trademark rights of a much smaller company and now facing a legal dispute with them, is to look for a small <em>third</em> company that used a similar trademark even <em>before</em> that to obtain those <em>even earlier</em> trademark rights. I remember that mobile game developer Zynga once pulled that maneuver in a trademark dispute with another developer. But unfortunately I can't find details about that case, because thanks to the countless trademark lawsuits Zynga was involved in, this became ungoogleable. But a comment by <a href="https://law.stackexchange.com/users/17112/user71659">user71659</a> on this question mentions <a href="https://itlaw.fandom.com/wiki/Planetary_Motion_v._Techplosion" rel="nofollow noreferrer">a legal dispute between two email providers</a> where this maneuver was used successfully.</p>
<p>So what <s>Twitter</s> X could now do is try to find some tech company that used the X brand for a software product even before X.Org and then buy them. But considering that the X Window System was already published in the 80s, that might be quite challenging.</p>
