united-states germany marriage
Marriage between two brothers and related situations
<p>Incest (for example between a brother and sister) seems to be illegal in most countries. The main (and only?) argument for that is that there is a high probability that the children might be handicapped.</p>

<p>Question 1: In case this is really the only argument, isn't it a kind of bad argument since two people with some kind of severe disease have a high probability that their children will also have the same or similar disease (for example that the child of two people with Down syndrome will have it is even higher than the probability that the child of two healthy people who are brother and sister has a handicap)?</p>

<p>Question 2: Would it be legal for example for two brothers (or any two persons from the same family and closely related and not able to produce children together) to have a relationship and marry (since here there is no danger of getting children together)?</p>

<p>I am mostly interesting in the situation in the US and Germany.</p>

<p><strong>Germany</strong>:</p>

<p><strong>Marriage</strong> between siblings is not possible due to § 1307 of the Civil Code and not (directly) because of <strong>Incest</strong>. </p>

<p><strong>Incest</strong> does not exist under German law between same sex couples due to the legal definition of <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschlechtsverkehr#Juristische_Terminologie" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><strong>Beischlaf</strong></a> used in <a href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_stgb/englisch_stgb.html#p1509" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Section 173 Incest</a> of the Criminal Code. </p>

<p><strong>Incest</strong> also does not apply for mixed sex couples, when the conditions of sexual intercourse [Beischlaf] are not fulfilled. </p>

<hr>

<blockquote>
  <p><strong>Section 1307 - Relationship by blood</strong>  Civil Code  </p>
  
  <p>A marriage may not be entered into between <strong>relatives in direct line and between brothers and sisters of the whole blood and of the half blood</strong>. This continues to apply if the relationship is extinguished as the result of adoption.</p>
</blockquote>

<hr>

<blockquote>
  <p><strong>Section 173 - Incest</strong> Criminal Code   </p>
  
  <p>(1) Whosoever performs an act of sexual intercourse [Beischlaf]  with a consanguine descendant shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding three years or a fine.</p>
  
  <p>(2) Whosoever performs an act of sexual intercourse with a consanguine relative in an ascending line shall be liable to imprisonment not exceeding two years or a fine; this shall also apply if the relationship as a relative has ceased to exist. Consanguine siblings who perform an act of sexual intercourse with each other shall incur the same penalty.</p>
  
  <p>(3) Descendants and siblings shall not be liable pursuant to this provision if they were not yet eighteen years of age at the time of the act.</p>
</blockquote>

<hr>

<blockquote>
  <p>§ 173 StGB stellt nur den <strong>vaginalen <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschlechtsverkehr#Juristische_Terminologie" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Beischlaf</a></strong> zwischen engen Verwandten unter Strafe, andere sexuelle Praktiken sind straffrei. Seit Mitte der 1970er Jahre liegen die Verurteilungen auf konstant niedrigem Niveau. In den Jahren 2007 bis 2012 gab es in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland jährlich acht bis zwölf Verurteilungen zu diesem Tatbestand.</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>§ 173 StGB punishes only the 
    <strong>vaginal intercourse</strong> between close relatives, other sexual practices are impunity.  Since the mid-1970s, convictions have been at a consistently low level.  In the years 2007 to 2012, there were eight to twelve convictions in the Federal Republic of Germany every year regarding this fact.</p>
  </blockquote>
</blockquote>

<hr>

<blockquote>
  <p><strong>Juristisch unterscheidet man zwischen:</strong><br>
  „Beischlaf“, oft auch die ältere Bezeichnung „Beiwohnung“ steht für das <strong>zumindest teilweise Eindringen des Penis in das weibliche Geschlechtsorgan</strong>, den Scheidenvorhof.</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p><strong>Legally one differentiates between:</strong><br>
    "Beischlaf" [sexual intercourse], often the older name "Beiwohnung" stands for the <strong>at least partial penetration of the penis into the female genital organ</strong>, the vaginal vestibule.</p>
  </blockquote>
</blockquote>

<hr>

<p><strong>Sources</strong>:</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/stgb/__173.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">§ 173 StGB - Beischlaf zwischen Verwandten</a> 

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_stgb/englisch_stgb.html#p1509" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Section 173 Criminal Code - Incest</a> </li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bgb/__1307.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">§ 1307 BGB - Verwandtschaft</a> 

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_bgb/englisch_bgb.html#p4765" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Section 1307 Civil Code - Relationship by blood</a> </li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzest#Rechtslage_in_Deutschland" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Inzest - Rechtslage in Deutschland</a> 

<ul>
<li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschlechtsverkehr#Juristische_Terminologie" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Geschlechtsverkehr - Juristische Terminologie</a> </li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
