indonesia drugs
Are there any indication that article 112 of anti narcotic laws in Indonesia are meant for &quot;dealers&quot; rather than &quot;users&quot;?
<p>Indonesia have laws against narcotic</p>

<p>However the law is a bit strange.</p>

<p>Say there are 2 people doing the exact same crime, namely using drugs. One is jailed a minimum of 4 years and another is freed. The only difference is physical evidence even though both have positive urine tests.</p>

<p>All users must have "possessed". How does that work?</p>

<p>I did a lot of research and one of the reason is that they are charged with 2 different articles. One is charged with possessions and another is charged with usage.</p>

<p>Possession carry much bigger penalty even though every user must have possessed.</p>

<p>The only thing that may make sense is that the possession article is intended for "dealers". However, I do not find any corroborating evidences. Some legal expert have that opinion but that's pretty much it.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.flevin.com/id/lgso/translations/JICA%20Mirror/english/4868_UU_35_2009_e.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.flevin.com/id/lgso/translations/JICA%20Mirror/english/4868_UU_35_2009_e.html</a></p>

<p>The article 112 says that </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>(1) Any person that without right or against the law possess, store,
  control, or provide Narcotics Category I which is not a plant, shall
  be punished with minimum imprisonment of 4 (four) years and a maximum
  of 12 (twelve) years and a minimum fine Rp 800.000.000,00 (eight
  hundred million rupiah) and maximum Rp 8.000.000.000,00 (eight billion
  rupiah).</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Then article 127 says that</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>(1) Any person that without right or against the law using the
  Narcotics of category III against others or give the Narcotics of
  category III to be used of others, shall be punished with minimum
  imprisonment 3 (three) years and a maximum of 10 (ten) years and fined
  at least Rp 600.000.000,00 (six hundred million rupiah) and maximum Rp
  5.000.000.000,00 (five billion rupiah).</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I've heard that many complains about these laws.</p>

<p>Anyone that uses narcotic must have control, possess, or store the narcotic.  So many judges uses article 112 instead of 127.</p>

<p>There are opinions that article 112 is for dealers and not users. That is why the penalty is higher.</p>

<p>However, I do not see anything in the law or the title of the law that says that 112 is for dealers.</p>

<p>So which one is right?</p>

<p>Bonus:</p>

<p>Is this common in all over the world that the penalty for storing, possessing, or controlling narcotic is heavier than the penalty for "using". Notice that all users must have stored, possessed, and controlled narcotic for the purpose of using.</p>

<p>Or is Indonesian laws very strange?</p>

<p>Update: I studied court cases in Indonesia.</p>

<p>This is some samples I found.</p>

<p>I saw 2 users. One get jailed for 6 years (for possession) but most are freed. The difference is trivial. The one jailed for 6 years have physical evidence of possession. Of course all users must have possessed. The idea that the court can't figure this out by logic makes me wonder about the reasonableness of evidence in Indonesia court.</p>

<p><strong>The drug is the same. Meth.</strong></p>

<p><a href="https://www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/rochmanudin-wijaya/polisi-hasil-tes-urine-andi-arief-positif-konsumsi-narkoba-jenis-sabu" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/rochmanudin-wijaya/polisi-hasil-tes-urine-andi-arief-positif-konsumsi-narkoba-jenis-sabu</a> &lt;- politicians free without going to trial</p>

<p><a href="https://www.msn.com/id-id/berita/nasional/manajemen-rsko-cibubur-mengaku-tidak-pernah-merehabilitasi-andi-arief/ar-BBVk42G" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.msn.com/id-id/berita/nasional/manajemen-rsko-cibubur-mengaku-tidak-pernah-merehabilitasi-andi-arief/ar-BBVk42G</a> &lt;- told to to go rehabiliation without trial. Of course because most users are not addicted, the rehabilitation clinic simply say he tested negative and move on. Anyone "sentenced" to rehabilitation need only to stop using drugs for 2 weeks to test negative. Typical normal users use drugs like once every 6 months. Some drugs like DMT is used like once or twice a life time</p>

<p><a href="https://radarbali.jawapos.com/read/2019/01/24/115702/doyan-sabu-biar-pd-pemandu-lagu-berparas-cantik-terancam-bui-12-tahun" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://radarbali.jawapos.com/read/2019/01/24/115702/doyan-sabu-biar-pd-pemandu-lagu-berparas-cantik-terancam-bui-12-tahun</a> &lt;- minimum sentence 6 years</p>

<p><a href="https://beritabali.com/read/2019/03/27/201903270013/Jaksa-Tuntut-Pelayan-Kafe-Konsumsi-Sabu-Agar-Kuat-Minum-Layani-Tamu-6-Tahun-Penjara.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://beritabali.com/read/2019/03/27/201903270013/Jaksa-Tuntut-Pelayan-Kafe-Konsumsi-Sabu-Agar-Kuat-Minum-Layani-Tamu-6-Tahun-Penjara.html</a> &lt;-charged with 6 years jail</p>

<p>You probably need google translate and understand that shabu means meth.</p>

<p>Basically the "smart" users would use it right away to minimize chance of having physical evidences and that's silly.</p>

<p>Cops are often tested for urine. About 10% test positive. Assuming people use drugs once every month and the test is valid for 3 days, the estimate is that all cops use it. Those cops get "counselling"</p>

<p>Someone told me that all cops are actually using it</p>

<p><a href="https://regional.kompas.com/read/2016/04/01/17350831/Dari.25.Polisi.yang.Ikut.Tes.Urine.12.Orang.Positif.Narkoba" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://regional.kompas.com/read/2016/04/01/17350831/Dari.25.Polisi.yang.Ikut.Tes.Urine.12.Orang.Positif.Narkoba</a> this article says 12 out of 25 polices are tested "positive"</p>

<p><a href="https://www.jawapos.com/jpg-today/21/02/2018/propam-gelar-tes-urine-terhadap-114-polisi-ada-yang-positif-nyabu/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.jawapos.com/jpg-today/21/02/2018/propam-gelar-tes-urine-terhadap-114-polisi-ada-yang-positif-nyabu/</a></p>

<p>This one tested positive too. I can't found the case where they just got "counselling". I think I read that. In any case there is no way the cops go to jail. Our jail is full.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.jakarta100bars.com/2015/04/illogical-facts-drugs-indonesia.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jakarta100bars.com/2015/04/illogical-facts-drugs-indonesia.html</a></p>

<p>Its worth actually reading through the law again - they're meant for different <em>categories</em> of drugs - and its worth looking up the relevant laws <em>as a whole</em>. You <em>can't</em> cherrypick which law you charge them under in <em>this case</em>. It depends on what the suspect has in posession, and if you have more serious charges, they're probably going to be preferred unless the prosecution decides to throw the entire library at the suspect and charge them with <em>everything</em> they can, or a larger subset.  </p>

<p>A quick search on the internet - <em>which shouldn't be taken as legal advice</em>, brings up <a href="https://www.tripsavvy.com/drug-laws-in-indonesia-1629332" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this link</a>. Category 1 drugs are addictive and seen as therapeutically useless  - you shouldn't have any realistic reason to have quantities of it in your posession. Category 3 is drugs with therapeutic use - stuff like codine. You could get a prescription for that, but there's potential for abuse.</p>

<p>They're aimed at <em>different classes of drugs</em> - and the confusion is over a misinterpretation of what the law is about. </p>

<p>As an aside, this is why you need to usually read <em>more</em> than just a specific statute or law to get what its about. </p>
