text: # Rhodium
  Chăng-kō̤ Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Háng-cê gì bēng-buōng. / 參考閩東語漢字其版本。
  Rhodium sê siŏh cṳ̄ng gĭng-sṳ̆k, iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng huá-hŏk nguòng-só.  Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só sê 45, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Rh.
title: Rhodium
wikitext: {{twinLAT|銠}}
  {{Infobox element
  |number=45
  |symbol=Rh
  |name=Rhodi
  |enname=rhodium
  |laname=rhodium
  |left=[[ruthenium|Rutheni]]
  |right=[[Bă (gĭng-sṳ̆k)|Paladi]]
  |above=[[Gū (gĭng-sṳ̆k)|Coban]]
  |below=[[iridium|Iridi]]
  |series=guó-dô gĭng-sṳ̆k
  |group=9
  |period=5
  |block=d
  |image name=Rhodium powder pressed melted.jpg
  |appearance=silvery white metallic
  |atomic mass=102.90550
  |atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">[http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm Standard Atomic Weights 2013]. [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]</ref>
  |atomic mass 2=2
  |atomic mass comment=
  |electron configuration=&#91;[[krypton|Kr]]&#93; 4d<sup>8</sup> 5s<sup>1</sup>
  |electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 16, 1
  |phase=gó-tā̤
  |density gpcm3nrt=12.41
  |density gpcm3mp=10.7
  |melting point K=2237
  |melting point C=1964
  |melting point F=3567
  |boiling point K=3968
  |boiling point C=3695
  |boiling point F=6683
  |heat fusion=26.59
  |heat vaporization=493
  |heat capacity=24.98
  |vapor pressure 1=2288
  |vapor pressure 10=2496
  |vapor pressure 100=2749
  |vapor pressure 1 k=3063
  |vapor pressure 10 k=3405
  |vapor pressure 100 k=3997
  |vapor pressure comment=
  |crystal structure=face-centered cubic
  |oxidation states=6, 5, 4, '''3''', 2, 1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/rhfr_jmol.html|title=Rhodium: rhodium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net|archive-date=2009-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806072936/http://openmopac.net/data_normal/rhfr_jmol.html|deadurl=yes}}</ref> −1, −3
  |oxidation states comment=(an [[amphoterism|amphoteric]] oxide)
  |electronegativity=2.28
  |number of ionization energies=3
  |ionization energy 1=719.7
  |ionization energy 2=1740
  |ionization energy 3=2997
  |atomic radius=134
  |covalent radius=142±7
  |magnetic ordering=[[paramagnetic]]
  |magnetic ordering ref=<ref>{{cite book | url = http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf | chapter = Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds | editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 | accessdate = 2018-06-03 | archive-date = 2011-03-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf | deadurl =  }}</ref>
  |electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
  |electrical resistivity at 0=43.3
  |thermal conductivity=150
  |thermal expansion at 25=8.2
  |speed of sound rod at 20=4700
  |Young's modulus=380
  |Shear modulus=150
  |Bulk modulus=275
  |Poisson ratio=0.26
  |Mohs hardness=6.0
  |Vickers hardness=1100–8000
  |Brinell hardness=980–1350
  |CAS number=7440-16-6
  |isotopes=
  {{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=99 | sym=Rh
   | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=16.1&nbsp;d
   | dm1=[[electron capture|ε]] | de1=– | link1=ruthenium-99 | pn1=99 | ps1=Ru
   | dm2=[[gamma ray|γ]] | de2=0.089, 0.353,<br/>0.528 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
  {{infobox element/isotopes_decay3 | mn=101[[nuclear isomer|m]] | sym=Rh
   | na=syn | hl=[[1 E5 s|4.34&nbsp;d]]
   | dm1=ε | de1=– | link1=ruthenium-101 | pn1=101 | ps1=Ru
   | dm2=[[Internal conversion|IT]] | de2=0.157 | link2=rhodium-101 | pn2=101 | ps2=Rh
   | dm3=γ | de3=0.306, 0.545 | pn3= | ps3=–}}
  {{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=101 | sym=Rh
   | na=syn | hl=[[1 E8 s|3.3&nbsp;y]]
   | dm1=ε | de1=– | pn1=101 | ps1=Ru
   | dm2=γ | de2=0.127, 0.198,<br/>0.325 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
  {{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=102m | sym=Rh
   | na=syn | hl=3.7&nbsp;y
   | dm1=ε | de1=– | link1=ruthenium-102 | pn1=102 | ps1=Ru
   | dm2=γ | de2=0.475, 0.631,<br/>0.697, 1.046 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
  {{infobox element/isotopes_decay4 | mn=102 | sym=Rh
   | na=syn | hl=[[1 E7 s|207&nbsp;d]]
   | dm1=ε | de1=– | pn1=102 | ps1=Ru
   | dm2=[[positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de2=0.826, 1.301 | pn2=102 | ps2=Ru
   | dm3=[[beta decay|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de3=1.151 | link3=palladium-102 | pn3=102 | ps3=Pd
   | dm4=γ | de4=0.475, 0.628 | pn4= | ps4=–}}
  {{infobox element/isotopes_decay | mn=103 | sym=Rh | na=100% | hl=– | dm=([[spontaneous fission|SF]]) | de=<15.462 | pn= | ps= }}
  {{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=105 | sym=Rh
   | na=syn | hl=35.36&nbsp;h
   | dm1=β<sup>−</sup> | de1=0.247, 0.260,<br/>0.566 | link1=palladium-105 | pn1=105 | ps1=Pd
   | dm2=γ | de2=0.306, 0.318 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
  |isotopes comment=Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
  |discovery and first isolation by=[[William Hyde Wollaston]]
  |discovery date=1804
  }}
  '''Rhodium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[gĭng-sṳ̆k]], iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[huá-hŏk nguòng-só]].  [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]] sê 45, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Rh.
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