text: # Gallium
  Chăng-kō̤ Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Háng-cê gì bēng-buōng. / 參考閩東語漢字其版本。
  Gallium sê siŏh cṳ̄ng gĭng-sṳ̆k, iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng huá-hŏk nguòng-só.  Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só sê 31, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Ga.
title: Gallium
wikitext: {{twinLAT|鎵}}
  {{Infobox element
  |name=gali
  |enname=gallium
  |laname=gallium
  |number=31
  |symbol=Ga
  |left=[[ā-iòng]]
  |right=[[germanium|Gecmani]]
  |above=[[lé̤ṳ]]
  |below=[[Indium|Indi]]
  |series=bìng-gĭng-sṳ̆k
  |series comment=
  |group=13
  |period=4
  |block=p
  |series color=
  |appearance=silver-white
  |image name=Gallium1 640x480.jpg
  |image size=
  |image name comment=
  |image name 2=
  |image name 2 comment=
  |atomic mass=69.723
  |atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">[http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm Standard Atomic Weights 2013]. [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]</ref>
  |atomic mass 2=1
  |atomic mass comment=
  |electron configuration=&#91;[[argon|Ar]]&#93; 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> 4p<sup>1</sup>
  |electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 3
  |color=
  |phase=gó-tā̤
  |density gpcm3nrt=5.91
  |density gpcm3mp=6.095
  |melting point K=302.9146
  |melting point C=29.7646
  |melting point F=85.5763
  |boiling point K=2673
  |boiling point ref=<ref name=Zhang>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/je1011086|title=Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks|url=http://www.researchgate.net/publication/231538496_Corrected_Values_for_Boiling_Points_and_Enthalpies_of_Vaporization_of_Elements_in_Handbooks|author=Zhang Y|author2= Evans JRG |author3= Zhang S|journal=J. Chem. Eng. Data|year=2011|volume=56 |issue=2|pages=328–337}}</ref>
  |boiling point C=2400
  |boiling point F=4352
  |triple point K=
  |triple point kPa=
  |critical point K=
  |critical point MPa=
  |heat fusion=5.59
  |heat fusion 2=
  |heat vaporization=256
  |heat vaporization ref=<ref name=Zhang/>
  |heat capacity=25.86
  |vapor pressure 1=1310
  |vapor pressure 10=1448
  |vapor pressure 100=1620
  |vapor pressure 1 k=1838
  |vapor pressure 10 k=2125
  |vapor pressure 100 k=2518
  |vapor pressure comment=
  |crystal structure=orthorhombic
  |oxidation states='''3''', 2, 1, −1, −2, −4, −5<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.uni-kassel.de/upress/online/frei/978-3-7281-2597-2.volltext.frei.pdf|author=Hofmann, Patrick |title=Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden|page=72|language=de|date=1997|publisher=PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich|doi=10.3929/ethz-a-001859893|isbn=3728125970}}</ref>
  |oxidation states comment=(an [[amphoterism|amphoteric]] oxide)
  |electronegativity=1.81
  |number of ionization energies=4
  |ionization energy 1=578.8
  |ionization energy 2=1979.3
  |ionization energy 3=2963
  |atomic radius=135
  |atomic radius calculated=
  |covalent radius=122±3
  |Van der Waals radius=187
  |magnetic ordering=[[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]]
  |Curie point K=
  |electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
  |electrical resistivity at 0=
  |electrical resistivity at 20=270
  |thermal conductivity=40.6
  |thermal conductivity 2=
  |thermal diffusivity=
  |thermal expansion=
  |thermal expansion at 25=18
  |speed of sound=
  |speed of sound rod at 20=2740
  |speed of sound rod at r.t.=
  |Young's modulus=9.8
  |Shear modulus=
  |Bulk modulus=
  |Poisson ratio=0.47
  |Mohs hardness=1.5
  |Vickers hardness=
  |Brinell hardness=56.8–68.7
  |CAS number=7440-55-3
  |isotopes=
  {{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=69 | sym=Ga | na=60.11% | n=38 |firstlinks=yes}}
  {{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=71 | sym=Ga | na=39.89% | n=40 |firstlinks=no}}
  |isotopes comment=
  |naming=after ''{{lang|la|Gallia}}'' (Latin for: France), homeland of the discoverer
  |predicted by=[[Dmitri Mendeleev]]
  |prediction date=1871
  |discovery and first isolation by=[[Lecoq de Boisbaudran]]
  |discovery date=1875
  }}
  '''Gallium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[gĭng-sṳ̆k]], iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[huá-hŏk nguòng-só]].  [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]] sê 31, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Ga.
  ==Huá-hŏk séng-cék==
  
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  [[分類:Huá-hŏk nguòng-só]]