text: # Scandium
  Chăng-kō̤ Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Háng-cê gì bēng-buōng. / 參考閩東語漢字其版本。
  Scandium sê siŏh cṳ̄ng gĭng-sṳ̆k, iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng huá-hŏk nguòng-só.  Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só sê 21, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Sc.
title: Scandium
wikitext: {{twinLAT|鈧}}
  {{Infobox element
  |number=21
  |symbol=Sc
  |name=Scandi
  |enname=scandium
  |laname=scandium
  |left=[[Gái (gĭng-sṳ̆k)|Cal­ci]]
  |right=[[titanium|Titan]]
  |above=–
  |below=[[yttrium|Yttri]]
  |series=guó-dô gĭng-sṳ̆k
  |group=3
  |period=4
  |block=d
  |appearance=silvery white
  |image name=Scandium_sublimed_dendritic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg
  |atomic mass=44.955908
  |atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">[http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm Standard Atomic Weights 2013]. [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]</ref>
  |atomic mass 2=5
  |atomic mass comment=
  |electron configuration=&#91;[[argon|Ar]]&#93; 3d<sup>1</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup>
  |electrons per shell=2, 8, 9, 2
  |phase=gó-tā̤
  |density gplstp=
  |density gpcm3nrt=2.985
  |density gpcm3nrt 2=
  |density gpcm3mp=2.80
  |melting point K=1814
  |melting point C=1541
  |melting point F=2806
  |boiling point K=3109
  |boiling point C=2836
  |boiling point F=5136
  |triple point K=
  |triple point kPa=
  |critical point K=
  |critical point MPa=
  |heat fusion=14.1
  |heat fusion 2=
  |heat vaporization=332.7
  |heat capacity=25.52
  |vapor pressure 1=1645
  |vapor pressure 10=1804
  |vapor pressure 100=(2006)
  |vapor pressure 1 k=(2266)
  |vapor pressure 10 k=(2613)
  |vapor pressure 100 k=(3101)
  |vapor pressure comment=
  |crystal structure=hexagonal close packed
  |oxidation states='''3''', 2,<ref name="McGuire">{{cite journal|title=Preparation and Properties of Scandium Dihydride|first=Joseph C.|last=McGuire|author2=Kempter, Charles P.|journal=Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=33|pages=1584–1585|year=1960|doi=10.1063/1.1731452|bibcode=1960JChPh..33.1584M }}</ref> 1<ref name="Smith">{{cite journal|title=Diatomic Hydride and Deuteride Spectra of the Second Row Transition Metals|first=R. E.|last=Smith | journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences|volume=332|pages=113–127|issue=1588|year=1973|doi=10.1098/rspa.1973.0015|bibcode=1973RSPSA.332..113S }}</ref>
  |oxidation states comment=(an [[amphoterism|amphoteric]] oxide)
  |electronegativity=1.36
  |number of ionization energies=4
  |ionization energy 1=633.1
  |ionization energy 2=1235.0
  |ionization energy 3=2388.6
  |atomic radius=162
  |atomic radius calculated=
  |covalent radius=170±7
  |Van der Waals radius=211
  |magnetic ordering=paramagnetic
  |thermal conductivity=15.8
  |thermal conductivity 2=
  |thermal diffusivity=
  |thermal expansion=α, poly: 10.2
  |thermal expansion comment = (at {{abbr|r.t.|room temperature}})
  |thermal expansion at 25=
  |electrical resistivity=α, poly: 562
  |electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
  |electrical resistivity comment = (at r.t., calculated)
  |electrical resistivity at 0=
  |electrical resistivity at 20=
  |speed of sound=
  |speed of sound rod at 20=
  |speed of sound rod at r.t.=
  |Young's modulus=74.4
  |Shear modulus=29.1
  |Bulk modulus=56.6
  |Poisson ratio=0.279
  |Mohs hardness=
  |Vickers hardness=
  |Brinell hardness=736–1200
  |CAS number=7440-20-2
  |isotopes=
  {{infobox element/isotopes decay3 | mn=44[[Nuclear isomer|m]]2 | sym=Sc | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=[[1 E5 s|58.61&nbsp;h]]
   | dm1=[[Internal conversion|IT]] | de1=0.2709 | pn1=44 | ps1=Sc
   | dm2=[[gamma radiation|γ]] | de2=1.0, 1.1, 1.1 | pn2=44 | ps2=Sc
   | dm3=[[electron capture|ε]] | de3=– | link3=calcium-44 | pn3=44 | ps3=Ca}}
  {{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=45 | sym=Sc | na=100% | n=24 |firstlinks=yes}}
  {{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=46 | sym=Sc | na=syn | hl=[[1 E6 s|83.79&nbsp;d]]
   | dm1=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de1=0.3569 | link1=titanium-46 | pn1=46 | ps1=Ti
   | dm2=γ | de2=0.889, 1.120 | pn2= | ps2=– }}
  {{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=47 | sym=Sc | na=syn | hl=[[1 E5 s|3.3492&nbsp;d]]
   | dm1=β<sup>−</sup> | de1=0.44, 0.60 | link1=titanium-47 | pn1=47 | ps1=Ti
   | dm2=γ | de2=0.159 | pn2= | ps2=– }}
  {{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=48 | sym=Sc | na=syn | hl=[[1 E5 s|43.67&nbsp;h]] | dm1=β<sup>−</sup>
   | de1=0.661 | link1=titanium-48 | pn1=48 | ps1=Ti
   | dm2=γ | de2=0.9, 1.3, 1.0 | pn2= | ps2=– }}
  |naming=after [[Scandinavia]]
  |predicted by=[[Dmitri Mendeleev]]
  |prediction date=1871
  |discovery and first isolation by=[[Lars Fredrik Nilson]]
  |discovery date=1879
  }}
  '''Scandium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[gĭng-sṳ̆k]], iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[huá-hŏk nguòng-só]].  [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]] sê 21, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Sc.
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