# Kodafes 番石榴

### Omanang kora kodafes hananay 什麼是番石榴
Ora kodafes hananay i olalid sanay kandaw a caay katakalaw caay ka tatangan a kilang, i tiniay i fa^detay ato so^meday a lomi’ad ama rengaw a kilang, o tatapanga nira ama rengaw i, naitiniay i Cialepi(加勒比) ato isifo’ay a Amilika(中美洲) ato i timolay Amilika(南美洲) hananay a kanatal ami salingato ami satapang kola kodafes hananay a kilang, dodosato iraay ko pisaliyawliyaw ami safalicfalic ato napinapina ama falic tola sapaloma, mala tadamaanay a ‘acaeng a kakaengenen ko heci a kilang, o kodafes hananay i, pakaniay i fao ami palalamo kosakciheci nila, sanaw anomi paloma i, irasaca kopi caliw to ‘acacenal ami palalamod to hana nira tosaka ci heci nira, pangangan sako itiniay i Taywan(台灣) a Paylang(閔南人) i, o Pala(芭樂) han nangra, lomasato a pangangan ngara i Linpacay(林芭仔) ato Pacay(芭仔) haan nangra, aratek mialaay tono Sipanya(西班牙) ami ara a pangangan. S’olin i tola Siemin(學名) nira i o “Psidium guajava” hananay. Ono Inkilis(英語) apangangaan i o “Guava” haan ngangra,
alatek mialaay tono Guayabo(阿拉瓦克語) a sowal.

### Masamaanay koka lopisak no kodafes. 番石榴是如何分布
Nawhani o po^nelay a kilang ko kodafes hananay, ono fa^deday ko lengawan nira, nani tira i sifo’ay Amilika(中美洲) ato Mosiko(墨西哥) aca timolay Amilika(南美洲) amisalingato, pakayniay i kaolah no tamdaw ami kakaen to kodafes ko sakalopisak a malahad a talato i cowaco:wa a maropisak, tangasa i loma a kanatar, itira ami lingato mopaloma, ato misakakahad misaadihay misanga to sapaliwal ami pacakay atayni iloma a kanatal, nikaolira ano adihay ta:to komi palomaan a kodafes i, caay ko fangcalay, nowhani macoco nira ko loma a pinaloma, ato makali’ang nira ko lingiday a omah, o sowal no mafana’ay ami kingkiw to kodafes a tamdaw i, o kodafes hananay i, o tada o ci’icelay ami cacoco to romaay a pinaloma 
saan. 

### Masaanay ko pinangan no kodafes. 番石榴的特徵
O kodafes hananay i matiyaay o kilang, nakaorila caay ka tata’ak ato takalaw, o ka takalow nira aratek 10-20 a mita(km) an, sacilami sacira caay ka talolong, o papotal a podac no kilang nira i satimadac sanay oloma sakahengan ato sakandaw saan, o katataa’ no tapangan a kilang nira i 
alatek pakaala to 25-60 cm(公分) nan, o papah nira i matiya o fitaol a limolo a mahatosatosa saan, yako^engelay ho a papah nira i matiya oci fanohay ko likor nira, o kako’edaw no papah nira i alatek 7-15 cm(公分), o kakahad nira i ma^deng 3 cm(公分), o ilo no papah nira saheto o kandaway, ano polalic haan ko papah nira i hato fangsisay, o heci sato nira i ano malohem to ira ko temeli’ay ira ko kahengagay, masanekay fangsisay, tada fangcalay a kaengenen, adihay ki^mi^mingay ko kakoc nira amasa’opo i sasifo’an, a caho ka’ikes kora heci nira i ‘atekakay copelakay ano kaenen, o cecay a ‘orip no kodafes i pakaalaay to 30-40 polo’ a mihecaan.

### O tayal to kodafes. 番石榴的用途.

#### 1.O heci nira.
Adihayay ko kasilomaloma no heci no kodafes, nikaolila ano hapinang haan ami sakilac i, ma^deng a tosaay aca, sakacicay i, o ko^sanay, sakotosa i, o ‘acicimay, yasa’ayaway toya ko^sanay i, o sasangaen to kalo kasi ato ^pang, yalikolay to ‘acicimay i, o sasangaen to ‘epah ato ta nanomen, aca o sasangaen ami’aki.

#### 2.O salang nira.
Itini i 1970-1980 amihecaan no Taywan i, nawhani tada adihayay tato kola kodafes sanaw adihayay ko mafalahay, mihalateng toko tamdaw a sama^en ami hetec ko salang noya kodafes saan, masanga’ nangra ko sapihetic to salang no kodafes, tora palerce(芭樂汁) hananay, tiyasato i saadihay sato komisnga’ay osa patahka to nananomen ami patawsi.

#### 3.Omi ‘akikan to heci no kodafes.
Matiya tola mangkokan(芒果乾) hananay ami ‘icang to heci no kodafes, itni i Taywan iraay amasanga tola mi’icangan to heci no kodafes ara pakasi, manga’ayay todongay ota tostosen a koma^en kora mi’akikan a heci no kodafes.

#### 4. O papah no kodafes.
Nawhani fangsisay ko papah no kodafes, sanaw ano ‘icangen ami irang pala afed to papah no kodafes, ma^dengay kala ocean ami nananom, tosaka fangcal no tileng, sanaw ira koya “paratiy”(菝仔茶) hananay.

### O iyofong no kodafes. 番石榴的養分
Oma lohemay to a heci no kodafes i, facalay to kaenen, fangsisay ka^soay a kaenen, iraay ko kandaway ho ko papotal nira, nikaolira fangcalay to a kaenen, caay pipodac to papodal nira, nikaolira ano halopodac han a komaen i, o matomesay no wisenso-c(維生素-c) o sapipadang tosaka fangcal a tanektek no tileng no tamdaw, halo papah no kodafes i, sahto o nga’ayay a malali ami kakaen, iraay haca kopi adah nira to adada no tileng, ano ci-adadaay to Tangniwbin(糖尿病) a tamdaw, iraay ko pipadang nira to Itawso(胰島素) no tileng.

### Omi kali’angay to lengaw no kodafes.番石榴的病蟲害
Itin i lengaw ama to’as no kodafes i, ira sahca komi kali’angay to ‘orip nira, nawhani itini i fa^detay a palomaan, adihayay ko masamaamaanay a mikalingay a fao, sanaw ano caay kapi na’on, caay ka^ca amakali’ang ko lengaw no kodafes, kamasa ano caay ka lalid ami dipot to lengaw nira i, alatek makali^ang aca no fao. Okafan’an no mita ami kali’angay i, ora lalangaw ato likes, lomasato tora tatiihay ‘adipangpang, sanaw malalid ami simaw ato mifonsa to sapaiyo, tia caay to ka cifao ko lengaw no kodafes.

### Saikolay to a sowal. 結語
Itini i orip no mita o pangcah pangcahan, nano to’as i’ayaw ho, adihay komipalomaay to kodafes itini i rikot ano i omah, nikaolila caay ko sapipacakay ami ^dan to pida, densa o todongay o kakaenenca no laloma’an, away ho komasamaamaanay to kasasiloma no kodafes,
saheto olanan a Topala(土芭樂) hananay, pangangan sako paylang(閔南人) i, Fanseliw(番石榴)
hanara, oranan tola Fan(番) sanay a sowal i, todongay o nano’ayaw iraay to i ‘orip no mita,
ato ono mita iniyalo’ay osanay, nikaorila tagasa imatini, mafalic to ko ‘orip no mita sanaw,
saheto sanayto o micakayay ko kakomaen no mita to kodafes, oranan ami cakayan a kodafes i,
oma salomaay ato masaf^lohay to a pinaloma. (Siwkolan Pangchah/‘Amis Suman 2024,07/10 )

#### Tahapinanang參考資料
1. Canteiro, C & Lucas, E. Psidium guajava. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019, 2019: e.T49485755A49485759.
2. HAST - 植物物種資訊. www.hast.biodiv.tw. [2021-04-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-25）.
3. TaiBNET. taibnet.sinica.edu.tw.  [2021-04-04]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-21）.

Kodafes 番石榴
=== Omanang kora kodafes hananay 什麼是番石榴 ===
Ora kodafes hananay i olalid sanay kandaw a caay katakalaw caay ka tatangan a kilang, i tiniay i fa^detay ato so^meday a lomi’ad ama rengaw a kilang, o tatapanga nira ama rengaw i, naitiniay i Cialepi(加勒比) ato isifo’ay a Amilika(中美洲) ato i timolay Amilika(南美洲) hananay a kanatal ami salingato ami satapang kola kodafes hananay a kilang, dodosato iraay ko pisaliyawliyaw ami safalicfalic ato napinapina ama falic tola sapaloma, mala tadamaanay a ‘acaeng a kakaengenen ko heci a kilang, o kodafes hananay i, pakaniay i fao ami palalamo kosakciheci nila, sanaw anomi paloma i, irasaca kopi caliw to ‘acacenal ami palalamod to hana nira tosaka ci heci nira, pangangan sako itiniay i Taywan(台灣) a Paylang(閔南人) i, o Pala(芭樂) han nangra, lomasato a pangangan ngara i Linpacay(林芭仔) ato Pacay(芭仔) haan nangra, aratek mialaay tono Sipanya(西班牙) ami ara a pangangan. S’olin i tola Siemin(學名) nira i o “Psidium guajava” hananay. Ono Inkilis(英語) apangangaan i o “Guava” haan ngangra,
alatek mialaay tono Guayabo(阿拉瓦克語) a sowal.

=== Masamaanay koka lopisak no kodafes. 番石榴是如何分布 ===
Nawhani o po^nelay a kilang ko kodafes hananay, ono fa^deday ko lengawan nira, nani tira i sifo’ay Amilika(中美洲) ato Mosiko(墨西哥) aca timolay Amilika(南美洲) amisalingato, pakayniay i kaolah no tamdaw ami kakaen to kodafes ko sakalopisak a malahad a talato i cowaco:wa a maropisak, tangasa i loma a kanatar, itira ami lingato mopaloma, ato misakakahad misaadihay misanga to sapaliwal ami pacakay atayni iloma a kanatal, nikaolira ano adihay ta:to komi palomaan a kodafes i, caay ko fangcalay, nowhani macoco nira ko loma a pinaloma, ato makali’ang nira ko lingiday a omah, o sowal no mafana’ay ami kingkiw to kodafes a tamdaw i, o kodafes hananay i, o tada o ci’icelay ami cacoco to romaay a pinaloma 
saan. 

=== Masaanay ko pinangan no kodafes. 番石榴的特徵 ===
O kodafes hananay i matiyaay o kilang, nakaorila caay ka tata’ak ato takalaw, o ka takalow nira aratek 10-20 a mita(km) an, sacilami sacira caay ka talolong, o papotal a podac no kilang nira i satimadac sanay oloma sakahengan ato sakandaw saan, o katataa’ no tapangan a kilang nira i 
alatek pakaala to 25-60 cm(公分) nan, o papah nira i matiya o fitaol a limolo a mahatosatosa saan, yako^engelay ho a papah nira i matiya oci fanohay ko likor nira, o kako’edaw no papah nira i alatek 7-15 cm(公分), o kakahad nira i ma^deng 3 cm(公分), o ilo no papah nira saheto o kandaway, ano polalic haan ko papah nira i hato fangsisay, o heci sato nira i ano malohem to ira ko temeli’ay ira ko kahengagay, masanekay fangsisay, tada fangcalay a kaengenen, adihay ki^mi^mingay ko kakoc nira amasa’opo i sasifo’an, a caho ka’ikes kora heci nira i ‘atekakay copelakay ano kaenen, o cecay a ‘orip no kodafes i pakaalaay to 30-40 polo’ a mihecaan.

=== O tayal to kodafes. 番石榴的用途. ===

==== 1.O heci nira. ====
Adihayay ko kasilomaloma no heci no kodafes, nikaolila ano hapinang haan ami sakilac i, ma^deng a tosaay aca, sakacicay i, o ko^sanay, sakotosa i, o ‘acicimay, yasa’ayaway toya ko^sanay i, o sasangaen to kalo kasi ato ^pang, yalikolay to ‘acicimay i, o sasangaen to ‘epah ato ta nanomen, aca o sasangaen ami’aki.

==== 2.O salang nira. ====
Itini i 1970-1980 amihecaan no Taywan i, nawhani tada adihayay tato kola kodafes sanaw adihayay ko mafalahay, mihalateng toko tamdaw a sama^en ami hetec ko salang noya kodafes saan, masanga’ nangra ko sapihetic to salang no kodafes, tora palerce(芭樂汁) hananay, tiyasato i saadihay sato komisnga’ay osa patahka to nananomen ami patawsi.

==== 3.Omi ‘akikan to heci no kodafes. ====
Matiya tola mangkokan(芒果乾) hananay ami ‘icang to heci no kodafes, itni i Taywan iraay amasanga tola mi’icangan to heci no kodafes ara pakasi, manga’ayay todongay ota tostosen a koma^en kora mi’akikan a heci no kodafes.

==== 4. O papah no kodafes. ====
Nawhani fangsisay ko papah no kodafes, sanaw ano ‘icangen ami irang pala afed to papah no kodafes, ma^dengay kala ocean ami nananom, tosaka fangcal no tileng, sanaw ira koya “paratiy”(菝仔茶) hananay.

=== O iyofong no kodafes. 番石榴的養分 ===
Oma lohemay to a heci no kodafes i, facalay to kaenen, fangsisay ka^soay a kaenen, iraay ko kandaway ho ko papotal nira, nikaolira fangcalay to a kaenen, caay pipodac to papodal nira, nikaolira ano halopodac han a komaen i, o matomesay no wisenso-c(維生素-c) o sapipadang tosaka fangcal a tanektek no tileng no tamdaw, halo papah no kodafes i, sahto o nga’ayay a malali ami kakaen, iraay haca kopi adah nira to adada no tileng, ano ci-adadaay to Tangniwbin(糖尿病) a tamdaw, iraay ko pipadang nira to Itawso(胰島素) no tileng.

=== Omi kali’angay to lengaw no kodafes.番石榴的病蟲害 ===
Itin i lengaw ama to’as no kodafes i, ira sahca komi kali’angay to ‘orip nira, nawhani itini i fa^detay a palomaan, adihayay ko masamaamaanay a mikalingay a fao, sanaw ano caay kapi na’on, caay ka^ca amakali’ang ko lengaw no kodafes, kamasa ano caay ka lalid ami dipot to lengaw nira i, alatek makali^ang aca no fao. Okafan’an no mita ami kali’angay i, ora lalangaw ato likes, lomasato tora tatiihay ‘adipangpang, sanaw malalid ami simaw ato mifonsa to sapaiyo, tia caay to ka cifao ko lengaw no kodafes.

=== Saikolay to a sowal. 結語 ===
Itini i orip no mita o pangcah pangcahan, nano to’as i’ayaw ho, adihay komipalomaay to kodafes itini i rikot ano i omah, nikaolila caay ko sapipacakay ami ^dan to pida, densa o todongay o kakaenenca no laloma’an, away ho komasamaamaanay to kasasiloma no kodafes,
saheto olanan a Topala(土芭樂) hananay, pangangan sako paylang(閔南人) i, Fanseliw(番石榴)
hanara, oranan tola Fan(番) sanay a sowal i, todongay o nano’ayaw iraay to i ‘orip no mita,
ato ono mita iniyalo’ay osanay, nikaorila tagasa imatini, mafalic to ko ‘orip no mita sanaw,
saheto sanayto o micakayay ko kakomaen no mita to kodafes, oranan ami cakayan a kodafes i,
oma salomaay ato masaf^lohay to a pinaloma. (Siwkolan Pangchah/‘Amis Suman 2024,07/10 )



==== Tahapinanang參考資料 ====
1. Canteiro, C & Lucas, E. Psidium guajava. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019, 2019: e.T49485755A49485759.

2. HAST - 植物物種資訊. www.hast.biodiv.tw. [2021-04-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-25）.

3. TaiBNET. taibnet.sinica.edu.tw.  [2021-04-04]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-21）.