# Ma Yakop

## Ma Yakop (馬雅各)
Cimos Laytelo Maswil (Inkiris: James Laidlaw Maxwell, 1836 miheca 3 folad 6 romi’ad), no holam a pifalic pangangan ci Ma Yakop han, masofoc i Sokelan no Inkiris, o malaisingay, singkiwsi ato foksi niocoran no Ciwlo kiwkay no Inkiris, itiya i patelocan no 19 sici a tayni i satimolan no Taywan misinting ato malaising, o sarakatay no Ciwlo kiwkay no Inkiris tayni i Taywan malasingkiwsi, milecad ci Makay isingan ko kacingangan. Itira cingra i Taynan patireng to sa’ayaway isingan – “Kansicie isingan” [1].

### ’Orip (生平)

#### Ka’emangan ato pitilidan romi’ad (孩提與求學時期)
1836 miheca 3 folad 18 romi’ad, Ma Yakop (James Laidlaw Maxwell) masofoc i Edinburgh Canon Gate tadamaci no Sokelan a kiwkay no laloma’an, o ciwlo no kiwkay ko mama ningra.
1845 miheca, ci Ma Yakop nai Mrs Glenorchy pakoniraay kiwkay a pitilidan (Lady Glenorchy's Free Church School) a misawad.
1850 miheca, misawad i Edinburgh laloma’an no hongti kawcong (Royal High School, Edinburgh). Ikor micomod i Edinburgh daykako mitilid, makaala to daykako (B.A. 1853 miheca), sosi (M.A. 1854 miheca), isingan pitilid (1858 miheca), pakaala to no Edinburgh LRCP ato LRCS todong, itira i London Brompton Consumption Hospital malaising to 6 folad.
1860 miheca, itira i Xiamen o nano Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay a sinkiwsi ci Dugard pakeroh, o papatodongen ko Taywan a malo pisintingan to isingan pitinto, o rarisrisen ko malaisingay patayra mala singkiwsi saan.
1861 miheca, ci Ma yakop nai Inkiris a Birmingham General Hospital malaising, itiya masasi’araw to fafahi ningra, o nano Broadway ciwlo kiwkay (Broad Street Presbyterian Church) a salikaka, o foksi no kiwkay ci Rev. Mackenzie [2]
Itiya i cecay kasa’opoan ni Ma Yakop, malitemoh ko nai Congko Xiamen minokayay ci Dugard foksi, nanoya nai cingraan ko pakatengil to Taywan (Formosa) sanay a ngangan, itiya ci Ma Yakop 27 ko mihecaan ningra, o nika herek ho nangra ci Mary Anne Goodall kaying a patapang, o mamiliyas ito to niyaro’, miliyas to tadamanay ko lifon i Birmingham, mangalay tayra i Formosa (Taywan). Mileceng cingra to fokes, pafeli to kaolahan a fafahiyan, todong caay ko mamaketon ko sa’ocil, malekapot ci Dugard pakatamina milakec to riyar, pasayra maraayay a Taywan[3].
Ikor tayra i Würzburg, Bavaria, Berlin, Prussia mitilid to 3 miheca, pitilidan itiya mikingkiw to saki tampiya, o nian ko nikingkiwan a tilidan, masowal ko remes a kang, itiya pakaala to M.D. a pompay.

#### Sa’ayaway tayni i Taywan (第一次來台灣)
1863 miheca 8 folad, ci Ma Yakop mitoor ci Dugard foksian nai Inkiris to “Polonaise” tamina a lomowad, milakec to Cape of Good Hope (Happy Peak), Intuyang, itiya to i 12 folad 4 romi’ad tangasa i Shanghai no Inkiris a sa’etal. Ci Ma Yakop itini cingra mirarakat to kalokiwkay, isingan, manengneng ningra ko ’ayaway mala singkiwsiay.
1864 miheca 1 folad 2 romi’ad, tangasa i Xiamen, minanam to sowal.
1864 miheca 10 folad 5 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop aci Dugard foksi, Wu Shuiwen ato tatosaay mitooray i Takao macakat, misolap i Taywan to saka songila’ a misingting, maherek misolap i, saan itira i Taynan ko ’alomanay tamdaw ikaka to no Takao ka’aloman, manga’ayay o panekeran lalowadan no pisinting sato. I 10 folad 30 romi’ad malakapot patiko tayra i Xiamen.
Taynan Kuasiki kasa’opoan (1865 miheca 6 folad 16 romi’ad – 1865 miheca 7 folad 9 romi’ad).
1865 miheca 5 folad 28 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop o nai Kristo ciwlo kiwkay a singkiwsi ato isingan ko kacingangan, mikalic to Meta haw i Takao no Taywan talahekal, mihakelongay ira ci Dugard foksi, Wu Shuiwen, Chen Zilu, Huang Jiazhi, Xiamen mitooray ci Li Xilin aci Wang Ayan. Ikor no Tosa tolo romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop micomod i Taynan, i paksiki (aniniay sinlongki) loma’ ni Mr. Neil Mcphail palafang[4].
1865 miheca 6 folad 16 romi’ad (tongci 4 miheca), sakowanay no Takao ci William Maxwell o nicaliwan ningra a Taynan fosya Kuasiki a loma’, patororen ningra ci Ma Yakopan, malo kasa’opoan. Ci Ma Yakop misatapang to minengneng to adadaay a misinting, o sapipatenak, o pipaisingan ko todonng, parafas ko pisingting.
1865 miheca 6 folad 16 romi’ad, Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay misitapang i Taywan patireng to pisingtingan, mala piharatengan no kapolongan. 7 folad 9 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop mala ka’osian no kampuyaku, sacisowal sa o mialaay to faloco’, mata no tamdaw saan ko pilalikaf, kalo sapodohen no finawlan, taliyoken ko isingan, patalaw tadtaden ko kiwkay, kari’angen ko mitooray salikaka, tahaikor mala karawrawan, oya “Kuasiki a demakan”, o citodongay sakowan tolo romi’adan piliyas han ci Ma Yakop. Kaitira ni Ma Yakop i Taynan hosya 23 romi’ad, malinah tayra i roma niyaro’.

#### Isingan pisingting (醫療宣教)
Kiaw no Takao, Pitao kiwkay (1865 miheca 7 folad 16 romi’ad – 1868 miheca 12 folad 26 romi’ad)
Linah sato ci Ma Yakop tayra i kaitiraan no Inkiris mapadama itira i Kiaw no Takao (Cicin Takao), micaliw to loma’, 1865 miheca 7 folad 16 romi’ad ci Dugard foksi ko mikeriday to pisatapang a lihay, padoedo isingan a pisingting. Ikor sato, ci Dugard foksi patiko cingra tayra i Xiamen.
1865 miheca 11 folad 12 folad, nai Inkiris a malali’acaay tamdaw ci Bi Qilin keriden ningra ci Ma Yakop tayra i Cisan (Yisan? [5]) mangata to Pakca, Pama ato ngataay no Taynan a Yicin, Tuotin, Kangana a niyaro’ no Tangafolan a misingting malahamhaman no itiraay, saka patireng itira to kiwkay.
1866 miheca 6 folad, ma’aca cingra to sera i Kiaw patireng to kiwkay, o niaanan koya sa’ayaway mapatireng kiwkay no Taywan Kristo ciwlo kiwkay – “Takao kiwkay”, aniniay Kiaw kiwkay. 7 folad 23 romi’ad, Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay itira i Xiamen a foksi ci Rev. William Sutherland Swanson tayni i Takao, mipadang ci Ma Yakop isingan to 5 lipay. 8 folad 21 romi’ad, ci Rev. William Sutherland Swanson mipaino’ ci Chen Qi, Chen Qinghe, Gao Chang aci Chen Wei, onini sarakatay pipaino’ i Taywan.
Saka 9 folad, ci Ma Yakop itira ka’ayaw no kiwkay, patireng to ma’edengay mateli ko 8 kafoti’an a isingan, sarakatay o citadamanay a isingan i Taywan, mapalasawadayto anini.
1866 miheca 6 folad, mapa’araw ci Ma Yakop ci Wambard isingan to malo citodongay pikowan picomodan a ising (Medical Officer) no Congko, itini i Takao (Kiaw), o tatayalen o pinengneng to padaka tamdaw to tiring (itiya ira ko 16 tamdaw) ato paratoh pasifana’ to kafafalic no romi’ad. midama cingra to isingan ni Ma Yakop itira I Kiaw, i 1869 miheca, tona tayra ci Ma Yakop i Taynan hosya i, o itiraay i Kiaw isingan patoror han ci Wambard ising a pararidsa.
O faloco’ o fana’ ni Ma Yakop, mayakyak to i maraaraayay ko ngangan a kafana’an, mararid nai tenokay no Taywan ngalef itiraay i Penghu maraayay tayni a mipaising tamdaw, saka o ’alomanay tamdaw maadah ko adada nangra, nanoyaan paso’elin to mipatenakan ni Ma Yakop to nga’ayay ratoh. O tamdaw no kiwkay ranikay sato matongal, ira ko nai aayay nai Pitaw (Fongsan) tayni i Kiaw a mikihatiya to lihay, 1867 miheca 7 folad, ma’aca cingra to loma’ i ka’amisay adawang no Pitaw, patireng to kiwkay malo isingan, o Kiaw sarakatay isingan i Kiaw ato kiwkay, nanoya sarakarakat sato i Kiaw, Pitaw malitosa. Ikor 1867 miheca 12 folad 13 rom’ad ci Lisiw mararamod (Rev. Hugh Ritchie) nai Inkiris tayni i Taywan a mipadamaay.
1868 miheca 3 folad, ci Ma Yakop pakayra i Xiamen ato Shantou a tayra i Hongkong, itira i Hongkong a tadakiwkay pataloma’ ci Mary Anne Goodall a kaying, ci Rev. William Sutherland Swanson ko mikeriday mito’ekay.
1868 miheca (Tongci 7 miheca), saka 2 mihecaan ni Lisiw tayni i Taywan itiya, ira ko lalood no Taywan to pakayniay rakes kilang lalood, saka mangalef ko acek no finawlan no Taywan to Padaka a pitooran Padaka a tamdaw, mapeleng ko kiwkay, ci mapatayay ko mitooray, o Holam ato Padaka madadoedo marari’ang. O nano niyaro’ay citodongay mikowan ko miororay saan Padaka, caay pingodo to “katatelekan” a sapatodongan, kinapinapina a miliyang. O nikaeca kahalafin ni Ma Yakop pataloma’ i Hongkong, 4 folad 11 romi’ad, mapekpek no mari’angay ci Gao Chang tintosi, rofoen to 50 romi’ad, oya i Pitaw kiwkay mapeleng no mari’angay[6]. 4 folad 24 romi’ad, ci Zhuang Qingfeng tntosi mapatay no itiraay i Kosya mari’angay tamdaw[7].
5 folad 2 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop maaramod patko tayni Taywan. 6 folad, ci Ma Yakop aci Li Siw makomod to tilid patayra i kahiceraan no Inkiris tarokos Aliguo[8], paratoh to makari’angay kiwkay i Taywan a demak, milongoc to sapisalof to demak. O Aliguo patayra i Congli i kasademakan ato tadamanay hongti (Prince Shuokong), pakayni pipalita no Taywanfo Takao, milongoc to Macing tefocen koya mari’angay ato mipelengay to kiwkay loma’, dafong palololen to 762 a Padaka payso(sakatayal dafong 300 payso, laloma’ay a dafodafong 462 ko Padaka payso) satefoc.
1868 miheca 7 folad 31 romi’ad, o nipatirengan a kiwkay i Pitaw, maliyaw haca no hitay a milefek. Macakat citodongay no Inkiris ci John Gibson itiya i, saan tadamaan ko nademak sato, mitahidang to hitay nai Hongkong, ikor ira ko 3 tamina masiiked i Takao Anpin, todongay pidama to Padaka saan, so’elinay o sapipatalaw. 9 folad 3 romi’as, ci MaYakop mapakokot aci Gao Chang mipatay to tamdaw tademen i sasera no kiwkay a misimed. Congli kasa kitakit a malayap ko paratoh, mi’eses to Min sakowan a citodongay mipatihi to citodongay no Inkiris a lipalaw miletep, nanoya Fucien cienyong kakeridan no mitena’ay i riyar ci Zeng Xiande mapatoror citodong midemak. Ci Zeng Xiande i 11 folad 8 romi’ad tahini i Taywan.
11 folad 25 romi’ad, sofitay ni Inkiris ci Lieut Gurdon itira i Anpin milood to sarahid, saka tosa romi’ad milipalaw to Anpin matatelek, micokeray kakeridan ci Jiang Guozhen namadoka’ i kinapatay sato; ikor pasimilali’acaay misorot to sapatodong to sofitay a payso. Tangasa i 12 folad 1 romi’ad, ci Zeng Xiande aci Ji Pil-hoon patireng to 8 tosir a nikatatelakan, sapi salof to rakes a kalaliyangan.
12 folad 21 romi’ad, patihi ci Ma Yakop to hitay a tamina no Inkiris a sinciw ci Lord C.Scott, Anpin citodongay ci Mr.Gibson, Xiamen citodongay ci Mr. Robert Swinhoe tayra i Pitaw, ato Fucuo tawtay misalof to kakari’ang no kiwkay, maala ko 40 no romi’ad. Saikoray Mancin mipatodong to kiwkay 1176 a payso malaheci ko analal, patalahekal to sinkiwsi manga’ay i Taywan i kasaniyaro’ mitinto a maro’ a salongoc, ato “ikor ano ira ko fangafang, o Congko Padaka ko miliclicay” o sapadama to mitintoay, nanoya o sakanga’ay to no sinkiwsi a micowat. Nanoya mitelak ci Ma Yakop patiko tayra i Taynan hosya, o kamaro’an ningra i Takao mapakacorah aca, malasawad ko polong no dafong to pataloma’an itiya.

#### Taynan Tingakah kiwkay (1868 miheca 12 folad 26 romi’ad – 1871 miheca 11 folad) (台南亭仔腳禮拜堂 (1868年12月26日-1871年11月))
1868 miheca 11 folad 25 romi’ad, Ma Yakop pakariyar ko rakat nai Takao tayra i Anpin[9]. 1868 miheca 12 folad 26 romi’ad, keridan ni Ma Yakop ko midamaay ci Wu Wenshui, Gao Chang patiko tayra i Taynan. 1869 miheca 1 foladan, itira i katimol Syanan lilawke Futang hangapoy (aniniay Taynan Wiyminki ato Pakmenlokaw, ngataay no Taynan Cicung pitilidan Poayteng) micaliw to 1400 fakeciw a sera Kucu telangay loma’, patireng to cecay dadahalay paisingan[10].
6 folad 26 romi’ad, sarakatay ira ko 7 tamdaw itira i Lilawkau kiwkay mipaino’, ci Lisiw foksi ko Paino’ay itiya.
Saka 7 folad, ci Ma Yakop itira i ’alomanay ko tamdaw a Tingakah kiy micaliw to cecay loma’, pipatirengan to Tingakah kiwkay, Tingakah kiwkay oya aniniay Taywan Kristo cilo kiwkay Taipingjing kiwkay. 9 folad 2 romi’ad, Tingakah kiwkay ira ko 5 tamdaw paino’ay, ci Lisiw foksi ko paino’ay itiya.
1870 miheca 4 folad 1 romi’ad, patireng to Pakca kiwkay, salongan 120 ko tamdaw milihayay. 4 folad 12 romi’ad, miliso’ ci Ma Yakop mararamod to Pakca kiwkay 2 a lipay. 1871 miheca 1 folad 8 romi’ad, mikerid ci Ma Yakop to ma’edengay 200 ko tamdaw i Kamana kiwkay, toya romi’ad salongan 100 tamdaw mihakitiyaay milihay. 2 folad 10 romi’ad, ci De Matay (Dr. Matthew Dickson) tayra i Taynan husya mipadang, o nano ciwlo kiwkay i Inkiris saka tosa itiniay i Taywan malaisingay a singkiwsi[12].
Masapinang ni Ma Yakop to nika tada sinanot so’elin no yincumin, ikaka to Payrang ko pilayap to ratoh nangra, orasaka, kaitinian i Taywan, mirarakat to Yisan ato tenikay lotolotokan, milakec to lotok, taura i kasa niyaro’ no Tangafolan mipaising mipatenak. Caay ka pina miheca, nai Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay a ratoh mapaloma ningra, malopisak tangasa satimolan no Taywan nai Tacyasi ’alo a talatimol sa’etal, patireng to toloay sa’etal a kowan; saka 1 sa’etal, katimolay Silaya finacadan (Pakca, Totin); saka 2 sa’etal, tenokay ato Ya finacadan (Piho, Kayi); saka 3 sa’etal, ka’amisay sa’etal a Pacay finacadan (Poli, Hongwan, Sinkang).
O kaitini ni Ma Yakop i Taywan i, kafana’en ni Ma Yakop ko lilisay no riyar a kasa niyaro’, ikaka no micolo’ay tamina to kakaene ko micolo’ay to apiyan a tamina ko kaadihay, tona manengneng ko komaenay to apiyan tamdaw to nika kudos awaay ko ’icel no papisingan, tada ka calemceman no faloco’. Ikor to pinokay ni Ma Yakop taura i Inkiris, o nika doka’ a makari’ang nga’ay to sanay saka miliyang cingra to demak no Inkiris sifo to pipa’aca to apiyan i Congko.
1871 miheca, citiyad ko fafahi ci Mary ni Ma Yakop, o katatiih no tiring saka minokay tayra i Inkiris to sapisofoc, ira aca ko demak ni Mayakop caay ka lahakelong, 3 folad 19 romi’ad, cipoyapoyay fafgahi ni Ma Yakop sacecay sato minokay tayra i Inkiris, maroray mafades ko rakat i tamina, malaina ira ko latiih madoka’. 4 folad, ci Ma yakop aci Thomson nai Xiamen tayni i Taywan, 8 folad 7 romi’ad, o pitilid ni Ma Yakop a sowal, midemak to sapifalic to no Payrang a fa’elohay cudad sahaca.
1871 miheca 11 folad, miliyas ci Ma Yakop to Taywan, nai 1871 miheca 2 folad 10 romi’ad tahiniay i Taywan ci De Matay (Dr. Matthew Dickson) micada to Elawko isingan ko tayal. 1878 miheca 1 folad 8 romi’ad ci De Matay (Dr. Matthew Dickson) ising miliyas minokay tayra i kitakit, isingan tangasa 1879 miheca 1 folad 14 romi’ad ci An pitiro (Dr. Peter Anderson) ising tona tahini ningra i Taywan a misitapang mafohat[13][14]. Ci An pitiro (Dr. Peter Anderson) ising ko malayinciway haw i, ikoray adadaay tamdaw mangalef to ka ’aloman saka misafaloco’ to mi’aca to sera patireng to fa’elohay isingan. 1900 miheca Tangmen isingan milesasiki, 4 folad 17 romi’ad nao matelangay malinah tayra fa’elohay a tingeroh, pangangan han to “Fa’elohay (Sinlao) isingan” [10].
1871 miheca 12 folad 5 romi’ad, o sakakaay wawa ni Ma Yakop to fa’inayan ci Maseton (Taywan a pifalic: Ma Yohani, John Preston Maxwell) masofoc i Birmingham, itiya caay ho ka tangasa ci Ma Yakop i Inkiris. Tangasa ci Ma Yakop i Inkiris i, maroray to rakat i riyar masamo’ ko tireng, saka caay to kanga’ay patiko tayra i Taywan.

#### Sakina 2 tayni i Taywan a misintin (1883 miheca 12 folad 23 romi’ad – 1884 miheca 10 folad 20 romi’ad) (第二次來台灣宣教 (1883年12月23日-1884年10月20日))
1883 miheca 12 folad 23 romi’ad, ci Ma yakop hadidi sa to ka adada no tatelecan malahakelong to fafahi miliyaw tayni Taywan, Inkiris a kiwkay salikaka ci Yu Raoli mararamod mihakelong tayni Taywan.
1884 miheca 10 folad 20 romi’ad i, adada k fafahi ni Ma Yakop, Congko France malalood ito, ci Ma Yakop ato fafahi malahakelong mitakop to saikoray tamina miliyas, tayra i Xiamen. Kaitini nangra i Taywan caay paka 1 miheca ko romi’ad, nawhani ko tatirengan ko nihaenan saka o pinakay to tayra i Inkiris. 1885 miheca 4 folad, ci Ma Yakop mararamod minokay tayra i Inkiris.

### Kaitiraan i Inkiris (英國期間)

#### Sa’ayaway minokay i Inkiris (第一次回英國)
O pisintingan itiya, mahapinang ni Ma Yakop ko no Holan a roma tilid ranikay a nanamen, nanoya misa’icel to cingra mikingkiw micikeroh to roma a tilidan to nano sowal no Taywan a Piwiyci onto, misatapang mifalic to fangcalay cudad, misa’icel to tilidan pisintin a tayal. 1871 miheca Ma Yakop pahanhan minokay tayra i Inkiris i, itira i London Hamstead, Heath lalan 26 haw, oyaan ko nisafaloco’an micikeroh to Taywan a sowal to Piwiyci onto.
1873 miheca 6 folad 9 romi’ad, saka tosa wawa ni Ma Yakop tosa (James L. Maxwell Jr.) masofoc. 10 folad 1 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop malaheci ningra mifalic ko no Xiamen a ngiha fa’elohay cudad[15].
Orasaka, sa’icel sa ci Ma Yakop mirina’ to Roma tilid no fa’elohay cudad a tayal, orasaka o niaanan ko saka ciadada to kemi a malalisan malotay ko tatirengan. Nawhani o hahalafin i ’anengan ko aro’, saka patoka’en to ’apol micokeray to koror ningra ira to ko 10 mihecaan no lafin, mata’enang i masananomay kafoti’an. Nanoyaan, mitilid cingra to English Presbyterian Mission “I Congko ko ratoh” ato Congko a Rama a tilid pitodongan, o nai Congkoay a miliso’ay i, kaolahan ningra a mihamham, matiya o: Mongolia a Gilmour, Chinchew a Grant, Birminham a Grabbe, Burns Thomson a sinkiwsi. Itira i London Pentherton Road 104 haw ko aro’ ni Ma Yakop, ira ko 5, 6 miheca ko aro’ itiya.
1878 miheca, 3 folad, mipatireng i London isingan sinting yafayof (Medical Mission Association), ci Ma Yakop sa’ayaway no Yofayof a mitiliday, ikor mi’acaay ko yofayof to sera Highbury Park a pala to 47-49 haw, o palong no kasasiiked no isingan a demak o ciiraay ko ci tolonay, sapipaising a pisinting a dademaken o cingraay ko cisakowanay, nawhani o karorayan ano eca singkiwsi a rarima mapolong malaheciay to[16]. Ikor, mi’aca ci Ma Yakop to sera i 51 haw a Highbury Park, malinah ko aro’.
1880 miheca, pacakat cingra to saka cecay i Taywan to no Roma piwiyci a sapirina’, sapisilsil to tilid a sapirina’ sakatayal, malaheciay aca to ikor saka cecay pirina’an kaysya “Cicentang” patilidan ato sa’ayaway sinpon i Taywan (Taywan hosya kiwkay sinpon) mapatireng.

#### Saka na 2 minokay i Inkiris (第二次回英國)
1888 miheca, London midemak to ta’akay kasakitakit sinkiw kasa’opo, ci Hudson Taylor, Benming Hai, Jacob Ma (Ma Yakop) itini i sa’opo a papelo. Saan, pasowal sa ci Hudson Taylor: “30 miheca ko kaitira no mako i Congko, so’elinay to o apiyan kalali’aca i cecay lipay makari’ang ko Congko, ikaka no sinkiwsi a nga’ayay demak to cecay miheca”; ni Ma Yakop a sowal: “Palafades sa to masacicingay masa’ofaday mapades a tamdaw no Congko, mana sapater sa kita o Inkiris, a caay piliyang tonini tadamanay a ka’acekan a raraw?” maherek ci Ma Yakop papelo, kasa’opoan awaay ko miliyangay to pihayda i kalali’aca to apiyan a piketon.
1899 miheca, sakakaay a wawa ci Marston (Taywan pifalic: Ma Yohani, John Preston Maxwell) aci Edith Lilly Isaacson (1867-1954) mararamod. 2 folad 3 romi’ad, ci Marston maocor no sinkiwkay tayra i Fujian no Congko, itira i Zhangpu ko ’ayaw mala ising (1899- 1904 miheca). 1901 miheca, ira ko no ’edo salifong to i Zhangpu, dengan saka 4 folad tangasa 8 folad, mata’elif ko 2 ’ofad no tamdaw, salongan mo^etep ira ko cecay (2,000) tamdaw ko mapatayay.
1904 miheca, ci Marston tayra cingra i maraayay a Yongchun isingan a malaising, pacomod to sarakatay “X” a sakadademak tona isingan. 1908 miheca, o fafahi ni Marston masofoc to cecay fafahiyan a wawa ci Marjorie Gordon Maxwell(1908-2000).
Ci Marston i Zhangpu (1899-1904 miheca), itira i Yongchun (1904-1919 miheca) midemak to isingan a sinting tangasa 20 miheca ko halafin, nanoya malalinah tayra i Beijing kakomodan isikako malasingsi, o nira a nifana’an o no fafahiyanan, orasaka mala citodongay i Beijing kakomodan isikako fafahiyanan kakeridan, o pikingkiw ningra mihapiw i adihayay isingan a casi, halo 1925 mihecaan Kapolongan Inkiris fafahiyanan casi mahapiw to cecay tilid “’Ongangilan adada no Congko”, mi’eses to ’Ongangilan adada o saka fiyol tayra i sawawaan a masasiroma, saka tokaden ko pisofoc ta manga’ay ko pisofoc. Ci Marston itira i Beijing kakomodan isikako mapatadamaan ko itiraay a malaisingay, tinako ci Lin Qiaozhi.
Saka tosa wawa ni Ma Yakop ising (Dr. James Laidlaw Maxwell, Jr.), i 1873 miheca 6 folad 9 romi’ad masofoc, 1900 miheca maocor tayra i Tayan malasinkiwsi, saka tosa miheca 2 folad 14 romi’ad tahini i Taywan, itira i Sinlo isingan; 1900 miheca, patikoen ko ci loma’ay toya Taynan lilawkaw isingan “Kola wising”, onini a loma’ ikor o wawa ni Xu Tingguang ci Xu Xunrong (1861 miheca 5 folad ko sofoc) a loma’ [9][17][18]. Paisngan malinah tayra i fa’elohay nipatirengan loma’, o sarakatay a isingan itini i Taywan, saci ngangan sa Sinlo isingan. Masakapahay ho saka tosa Ma Yakop itini malaising, misa’icel papisawad to apiyan, masingkiay ato malacaanay adada.
1901 miheca 10 folad 9 romi’ad, saka tosa Ma Yakop aci Millicent Bertha Saunders kaying (1871-1961) pataloma’ i Hongkong. Tangasa 11 folad 4 romi’ad (telangay komi 9 folad 24 romi’ad) patiko tayni i Taynan citodong to isingan. 1901 miheca tangasa 1923 mihecaan, saka tosa Ma Yakop ising mapalahad to ’alomanay minanamay: ca Zhou Yushan, Gao Gaoyuan, Du Yingqing, Huang Dengke, Lin Daru, Wu Hefu, Lin Qi, Wang Qingru, Xie Dingdu, Cai Chao, Zhang Ben tamdaw, mala tadamanay to i kiwkay ato syakay, tadamaan ko nidemakan i syakay.
1911 miheca, 75 ko mihecaan ni Ma Yakop (James Laidlaw Maxwell) misawad to ko tayal, miliyas to tayal i London isingan sinting yafayof (Medical Mission Association), mala mikawitay to a mitiiday, malinah tayra i Kent a Bromley no London a maro’.
1915 miheca 21 romi’ad, piharatengan 50 miheca to katayni no Ratoh i Taywan, satimolan kiwkay no Taywan ira ko 100 a kiwkay patafo ci Ma Yakop ising mararamod tosapakaolah. Citodong ci Ma Yakop malamato’asay kafoti’an i isikakoyin, maro’ay i isikakoyin a mitiliday ira ko 50 o mamaocor tayra i kasakitakit a matayal. Mikawit ci Ma Yakp to isingan yafoyof a Medical Missions at Home and Abroad, sapicokeroh to isingan a sinkiw to ratoh itira i kasakitakit sinkiw kasa’opoan.

#### Laloma’an ato kapatay (家庭與逝世)
1918 miheca 1 folad 23 romi’ad, miliyas to hekal ca Ma Yakop a mararamod, 83 ko mihecaan itini i hakal.
1921 miheca 3 folad 6 romi’ad, itira i Brunley no London a Inkiris miliyas to hekal ci Ma Yakop, 85 ko mihecaan ningra itiya, mapalakapot to fafahi matadem i Plaistow no St. Mary a pitademan. Tatosa ko wawa ningra to fa’inayan, maeminay malaisingay ko tayal. Sakakaay wawa ci Marston (pifalic no Taywan: Ma Yahani) itira i Yongchun, Quanzhou no Congko a malaisong, saka tosa a wawa ci sakatosa Ma Yakop itiniay i Taynan Sinlaw isingan ko kalaising.
1923 miheca, ci sakatosa Ma Yakop matahidang no “Citanengay hakasi isikay” (China Medical Missionary Association), citodong malakanci tayra i Shanghai.
1935 miheca to ikor, minokay ci Marston ising tayra i Inkiris, maro’ i Brinkley no Cambridgeshire.
1937 miheca, ci sakatosa Ma Yakop mala citidongay no itiraay i Congko a Hongsicikay, tangasa 1940 miheca o nika tatiih no tatirengan minokay tayra i Inkiris.
1949 miheca mafalic to ko cengel no Congko itiya, ci sakatosa Ma Yakop tayra cingra i Hangzhou no Congko mipatadoay to mano’no’ay ko fanges adadaay. 1951 miheca 8 folad 10 romi’ad, mapatay cingra i Hangzhou, ira ko 78 no mihecaan I hekal, matadem i Hangzhou.
1961 miheca 7 folad 25 romi’ad, ci Marston ising mapatay i Inkiris, ira ko90 no mihecaan i hakal.

### Pinengnengan to tilid (參考文獻)

#### Picaliwan (引用)
1.新樓醫院走過138年 追念馬雅各醫生 - 大紀元. 大紀元 www.epochtimes.com. 2003年12月8日 [2023年7月5日]. （原始內容存檔於2023年7月5日）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
2.潘稀祺:《台灣醫療宣教之父 : 馬雅各醫生傳》 P. 251， (2003年，台灣基督長老教會新樓醫院出版)
3.林治平: 你認識馬雅各嗎？(上)宇宙光雜誌 489期.
4.賴永祥: 史話107-天利行和必麒麟
5.李仙得略傳 (PDF). （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-01-09）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
6.賴永祥:史話120 -埤頭教會大劫難
7.賴永祥: 史話121-莊清風殉教
8.賴永祥: 史話122 -馬雅各上書阿禮國史話134 二老口舊樓. www.laijohn.com. [2018-12-12]. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-03）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
9.新樓醫院-新樓院史. www.sinlau.org.tw. [2018-12-12]. （原始內容存檔於2014-11-13） （中文（臺灣））. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
10醫聲論壇 • 檢視主題 - 【老仙ㄟ講古】 臺灣最早的醫學院是哪一所？120403. 11.forum.doctorvoice.org. [2018-12-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-17）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
12.賴永祥: 教會史話212 - 德馬太醫生
13.致德馬太醫生送別詞. www.laijohn.com. [2018-12-11]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-29）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
14.史話212 德馬太醫生. www.laijohn.com. [2018-12-11]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-29）. 醫生娘是1874年12月22日抵臺，與夫君同時返國。 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
15.潘稀祺:《台灣醫療宣教之父 : 馬雅各醫生傳》 P. 396， (2003年，台灣基督長老教會新樓醫院出版)
16.馬約翰: 《我的父親馬雅各的生平與工作》
17.山城歲月 (wu20130902). 台南州協議會員 許廷光. 隨意窩 Xuite日誌. [2018-12-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-17）. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
18.「台灣府署」之探訪. 台南筆記. [2018-12-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-10-01） （中文（臺灣））. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

#### Sakaira (來源)
1.黃茂卿，1988，台灣基督長老教會太平境馬雅各紀念教會九十年史，太平境馬雅各紀念教會
2.陳永興，2004，台灣醫界人物誌，望春風文化

Ma Yakop
== Ma Yakop (馬雅各) ==
Cimos Laytelo Maswil (Inkiris: James Laidlaw Maxwell, 1836 miheca 3 folad 6 romi’ad), no holam a pifalic pangangan ci Ma Yakop han, masofoc i Sokelan no Inkiris, o malaisingay, singkiwsi ato foksi niocoran no Ciwlo kiwkay no Inkiris, itiya i patelocan no 19 sici a tayni i satimolan no Taywan misinting ato malaising, o sarakatay no Ciwlo kiwkay no Inkiris tayni i Taywan malasingkiwsi, milecad ci Makay isingan ko kacingangan. Itira cingra i Taynan patireng to sa’ayaway isingan – “Kansicie isingan” [1].

=== ’Orip (生平) ===

==== Ka’emangan ato pitilidan romi’ad (孩提與求學時期) ====
1836 miheca 3 folad 18 romi’ad, Ma Yakop (James Laidlaw Maxwell) masofoc i Edinburgh Canon Gate tadamaci no Sokelan a kiwkay no laloma’an, o ciwlo no kiwkay ko mama ningra.

1845 miheca, ci Ma Yakop nai Mrs Glenorchy pakoniraay kiwkay a pitilidan (Lady Glenorchy's Free Church School) a misawad.

1850 miheca, misawad i Edinburgh laloma’an no hongti kawcong (Royal High School, Edinburgh). Ikor micomod i Edinburgh daykako mitilid, makaala to daykako (B.A. 1853 miheca), sosi (M.A. 1854 miheca), isingan pitilid (1858 miheca), pakaala to no Edinburgh LRCP ato LRCS todong, itira i London Brompton Consumption Hospital malaising to 6 folad.

1860 miheca, itira i Xiamen o nano Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay a sinkiwsi ci Dugard pakeroh, o papatodongen ko Taywan a malo pisintingan to isingan pitinto, o rarisrisen ko malaisingay patayra mala singkiwsi saan.

1861 miheca, ci Ma yakop nai Inkiris a Birmingham General Hospital malaising, itiya masasi’araw to fafahi ningra, o nano Broadway ciwlo kiwkay (Broad Street Presbyterian Church) a salikaka, o foksi no kiwkay ci Rev. Mackenzie [2]

Itiya i cecay kasa’opoan ni Ma Yakop, malitemoh ko nai Congko Xiamen minokayay ci Dugard foksi, nanoya nai cingraan ko pakatengil to Taywan (Formosa) sanay a ngangan, itiya ci Ma Yakop 27 ko mihecaan ningra, o nika herek ho nangra ci Mary Anne Goodall kaying a patapang, o mamiliyas ito to niyaro’, miliyas to tadamanay ko lifon i Birmingham, mangalay tayra i Formosa (Taywan). Mileceng cingra to fokes, pafeli to kaolahan a fafahiyan, todong caay ko mamaketon ko sa’ocil, malekapot ci Dugard pakatamina milakec to riyar, pasayra maraayay a Taywan[3].

Ikor tayra i Würzburg, Bavaria, Berlin, Prussia mitilid to 3 miheca, pitilidan itiya mikingkiw to saki tampiya, o nian ko nikingkiwan a tilidan, masowal ko remes a kang, itiya pakaala to M.D. a pompay.

==== Sa’ayaway tayni i Taywan (第一次來台灣) ====
1863 miheca 8 folad, ci Ma Yakop mitoor ci Dugard foksian nai Inkiris to “Polonaise” tamina a lomowad, milakec to Cape of Good Hope (Happy Peak), Intuyang, itiya to i 12 folad 4 romi’ad tangasa i Shanghai no Inkiris a sa’etal. Ci Ma Yakop itini cingra mirarakat to kalokiwkay, isingan, manengneng ningra ko ’ayaway mala singkiwsiay.

1864 miheca 1 folad 2 romi’ad, tangasa i Xiamen, minanam to sowal.

1864 miheca 10 folad 5 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop aci Dugard foksi, Wu Shuiwen ato tatosaay mitooray i Takao macakat, misolap i Taywan to saka songila’ a misingting, maherek misolap i, saan itira i Taynan ko ’alomanay tamdaw ikaka to no Takao ka’aloman, manga’ayay o panekeran lalowadan no pisinting sato. I 10 folad 30 romi’ad malakapot patiko tayra i Xiamen.

Taynan Kuasiki kasa’opoan (1865 miheca 6 folad 16 romi’ad – 1865 miheca 7 folad 9 romi’ad).

1865 miheca 5 folad 28 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop o nai Kristo ciwlo kiwkay a singkiwsi ato isingan ko kacingangan, mikalic to Meta haw i Takao no Taywan talahekal, mihakelongay ira ci Dugard foksi, Wu Shuiwen, Chen Zilu, Huang Jiazhi, Xiamen mitooray ci Li Xilin aci Wang Ayan. Ikor no Tosa tolo romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop micomod i Taynan, i paksiki (aniniay sinlongki) loma’ ni Mr. Neil Mcphail palafang[4].

1865 miheca 6 folad 16 romi’ad (tongci 4 miheca), sakowanay no Takao ci William Maxwell o nicaliwan ningra a Taynan fosya Kuasiki a loma’, patororen ningra ci Ma Yakopan, malo kasa’opoan. Ci Ma Yakop misatapang to minengneng to adadaay a misinting, o sapipatenak, o pipaisingan ko todonng, parafas ko pisingting.

1865 miheca 6 folad 16 romi’ad, Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay misitapang i Taywan patireng to pisingtingan, mala piharatengan no kapolongan. 7 folad 9 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop mala ka’osian no kampuyaku, sacisowal sa o mialaay to faloco’, mata no tamdaw saan ko pilalikaf, kalo sapodohen no finawlan, taliyoken ko isingan, patalaw tadtaden ko kiwkay, kari’angen ko mitooray salikaka, tahaikor mala karawrawan, oya “Kuasiki a demakan”, o citodongay sakowan tolo romi’adan piliyas han ci Ma Yakop. Kaitira ni Ma Yakop i Taynan hosya 23 romi’ad, malinah tayra i roma niyaro’.

==== Isingan pisingting (醫療宣教) ====
Kiaw no Takao, Pitao kiwkay (1865 miheca 7 folad 16 romi’ad – 1868 miheca 12 folad 26 romi’ad)

Linah sato ci Ma Yakop tayra i kaitiraan no Inkiris mapadama itira i Kiaw no Takao (Cicin Takao), micaliw to loma’, 1865 miheca 7 folad 16 romi’ad ci Dugard foksi ko mikeriday to pisatapang a lihay, padoedo isingan a pisingting. Ikor sato, ci Dugard foksi patiko cingra tayra i Xiamen.

1865 miheca 11 folad 12 folad, nai Inkiris a malali’acaay tamdaw ci Bi Qilin keriden ningra ci Ma Yakop tayra i Cisan (Yisan? [5]) mangata to Pakca, Pama ato ngataay no Taynan a Yicin, Tuotin, Kangana a niyaro’ no Tangafolan a misingting malahamhaman no itiraay, saka patireng itira to kiwkay.

1866 miheca 6 folad, ma’aca cingra to sera i Kiaw patireng to kiwkay, o niaanan koya sa’ayaway mapatireng kiwkay no Taywan Kristo ciwlo kiwkay – “Takao kiwkay”, aniniay Kiaw kiwkay. 7 folad 23 romi’ad, Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay itira i Xiamen a foksi ci Rev. William Sutherland Swanson tayni i Takao, mipadang ci Ma Yakop isingan to 5 lipay. 8 folad 21 romi’ad, ci Rev. William Sutherland Swanson mipaino’ ci Chen Qi, Chen Qinghe, Gao Chang aci Chen Wei, onini sarakatay pipaino’ i Taywan.

Saka 9 folad, ci Ma Yakop itira ka’ayaw no kiwkay, patireng to ma’edengay mateli ko 8 kafoti’an a isingan, sarakatay o citadamanay a isingan i Taywan, mapalasawadayto anini.

1866 miheca 6 folad, mapa’araw ci Ma Yakop ci Wambard isingan to malo citodongay pikowan picomodan a ising (Medical Officer) no Congko, itini i Takao (Kiaw), o tatayalen o pinengneng to padaka tamdaw to tiring (itiya ira ko 16 tamdaw) ato paratoh pasifana’ to kafafalic no romi’ad. midama cingra to isingan ni Ma Yakop itira I Kiaw, i 1869 miheca, tona tayra ci Ma Yakop i Taynan hosya i, o itiraay i Kiaw isingan patoror han ci Wambard ising a pararidsa.

O faloco’ o fana’ ni Ma Yakop, mayakyak to i maraaraayay ko ngangan a kafana’an, mararid nai tenokay no Taywan ngalef itiraay i Penghu maraayay tayni a mipaising tamdaw, saka o ’alomanay tamdaw maadah ko adada nangra, nanoyaan paso’elin to mipatenakan ni Ma Yakop to nga’ayay ratoh. O tamdaw no kiwkay ranikay sato matongal, ira ko nai aayay nai Pitaw (Fongsan) tayni i Kiaw a mikihatiya to lihay, 1867 miheca 7 folad, ma’aca cingra to loma’ i ka’amisay adawang no Pitaw, patireng to kiwkay malo isingan, o Kiaw sarakatay isingan i Kiaw ato kiwkay, nanoya sarakarakat sato i Kiaw, Pitaw malitosa. Ikor 1867 miheca 12 folad 13 rom’ad ci Lisiw mararamod (Rev. Hugh Ritchie) nai Inkiris tayni i Taywan a mipadamaay.

1868 miheca 3 folad, ci Ma Yakop pakayra i Xiamen ato Shantou a tayra i Hongkong, itira i Hongkong a tadakiwkay pataloma’ ci Mary Anne Goodall a kaying, ci Rev. William Sutherland Swanson ko mikeriday mito’ekay.

1868 miheca (Tongci 7 miheca), saka 2 mihecaan ni Lisiw tayni i Taywan itiya, ira ko lalood no Taywan to pakayniay rakes kilang lalood, saka mangalef ko acek no finawlan no Taywan to Padaka a pitooran Padaka a tamdaw, mapeleng ko kiwkay, ci mapatayay ko mitooray, o Holam ato Padaka madadoedo marari’ang. O nano niyaro’ay citodongay mikowan ko miororay saan Padaka, caay pingodo to “katatelekan” a sapatodongan, kinapinapina a miliyang. O nikaeca kahalafin ni Ma Yakop pataloma’ i Hongkong, 4 folad 11 romi’ad, mapekpek no mari’angay ci Gao Chang tintosi, rofoen to 50 romi’ad, oya i Pitaw kiwkay mapeleng no mari’angay[6]. 4 folad 24 romi’ad, ci Zhuang Qingfeng tntosi mapatay no itiraay i Kosya mari’angay tamdaw[7].

5 folad 2 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop maaramod patko tayni Taywan. 6 folad, ci Ma Yakop aci Li Siw makomod to tilid patayra i kahiceraan no Inkiris tarokos Aliguo[8], paratoh to makari’angay kiwkay i Taywan a demak, milongoc to sapisalof to demak. O Aliguo patayra i Congli i kasademakan ato tadamanay hongti (Prince Shuokong), pakayni pipalita no Taywanfo Takao, milongoc to Macing tefocen koya mari’angay ato mipelengay to kiwkay loma’, dafong palololen to 762 a Padaka payso(sakatayal dafong 300 payso, laloma’ay a dafodafong 462 ko Padaka payso) satefoc.

1868 miheca 7 folad 31 romi’ad, o nipatirengan a kiwkay i Pitaw, maliyaw haca no hitay a milefek. Macakat citodongay no Inkiris ci John Gibson itiya i, saan tadamaan ko nademak sato, mitahidang to hitay nai Hongkong, ikor ira ko 3 tamina masiiked i Takao Anpin, todongay pidama to Padaka saan, so’elinay o sapipatalaw. 9 folad 3 romi’as, ci MaYakop mapakokot aci Gao Chang mipatay to tamdaw tademen i sasera no kiwkay a misimed. Congli kasa kitakit a malayap ko paratoh, mi’eses to Min sakowan a citodongay mipatihi to citodongay no Inkiris a lipalaw miletep, nanoya Fucien cienyong kakeridan no mitena’ay i riyar ci Zeng Xiande mapatoror citodong midemak. Ci Zeng Xiande i 11 folad 8 romi’ad tahini i Taywan.

11 folad 25 romi’ad, sofitay ni Inkiris ci Lieut Gurdon itira i Anpin milood to sarahid, saka tosa romi’ad milipalaw to Anpin matatelek, micokeray kakeridan ci Jiang Guozhen namadoka’ i kinapatay sato; ikor pasimilali’acaay misorot to sapatodong to sofitay a payso. Tangasa i 12 folad 1 romi’ad, ci Zeng Xiande aci Ji Pil-hoon patireng to 8 tosir a nikatatelakan, sapi salof to rakes a kalaliyangan.

12 folad 21 romi’ad, patihi ci Ma Yakop to hitay a tamina no Inkiris a sinciw ci Lord C.Scott, Anpin citodongay ci Mr.Gibson, Xiamen citodongay ci Mr. Robert Swinhoe tayra i Pitaw, ato Fucuo tawtay misalof to kakari’ang no kiwkay, maala ko 40 no romi’ad. Saikoray Mancin mipatodong to kiwkay 1176 a payso malaheci ko analal, patalahekal to sinkiwsi manga’ay i Taywan i kasaniyaro’ mitinto a maro’ a salongoc, ato “ikor ano ira ko fangafang, o Congko Padaka ko miliclicay” o sapadama to mitintoay, nanoya o sakanga’ay to no sinkiwsi a micowat. Nanoya mitelak ci Ma Yakop patiko tayra i Taynan hosya, o kamaro’an ningra i Takao mapakacorah aca, malasawad ko polong no dafong to pataloma’an itiya.

==== Taynan Tingakah kiwkay (1868 miheca 12 folad 26 romi’ad – 1871 miheca 11 folad) (台南亭仔腳禮拜堂 (1868年12月26日-1871年11月)) ====
1868 miheca 11 folad 25 romi’ad, Ma Yakop pakariyar ko rakat nai Takao tayra i Anpin[9]. 1868 miheca 12 folad 26 romi’ad, keridan ni Ma Yakop ko midamaay ci Wu Wenshui, Gao Chang patiko tayra i Taynan. 1869 miheca 1 foladan, itira i katimol Syanan lilawke Futang hangapoy (aniniay Taynan Wiyminki ato Pakmenlokaw, ngataay no Taynan Cicung pitilidan Poayteng) micaliw to 1400 fakeciw a sera Kucu telangay loma’, patireng to cecay dadahalay paisingan[10].

6 folad 26 romi’ad, sarakatay ira ko 7 tamdaw itira i Lilawkau kiwkay mipaino’, ci Lisiw foksi ko Paino’ay itiya.

Saka 7 folad, ci Ma Yakop itira i ’alomanay ko tamdaw a Tingakah kiy micaliw to cecay loma’, pipatirengan to Tingakah kiwkay, Tingakah kiwkay oya aniniay Taywan Kristo cilo kiwkay Taipingjing kiwkay. 9 folad 2 romi’ad, Tingakah kiwkay ira ko 5 tamdaw paino’ay, ci Lisiw foksi ko paino’ay itiya.

1870 miheca 4 folad 1 romi’ad, patireng to Pakca kiwkay, salongan 120 ko tamdaw milihayay. 4 folad 12 romi’ad, miliso’ ci Ma Yakop mararamod to Pakca kiwkay 2 a lipay. 1871 miheca 1 folad 8 romi’ad, mikerid ci Ma Yakop to ma’edengay 200 ko tamdaw i Kamana kiwkay, toya romi’ad salongan 100 tamdaw mihakitiyaay milihay. 2 folad 10 romi’ad, ci De Matay (Dr. Matthew Dickson) tayra i Taynan husya mipadang, o nano ciwlo kiwkay i Inkiris saka tosa itiniay i Taywan malaisingay a singkiwsi[12].

Masapinang ni Ma Yakop to nika tada sinanot so’elin no yincumin, ikaka to Payrang ko pilayap to ratoh nangra, orasaka, kaitinian i Taywan, mirarakat to Yisan ato tenikay lotolotokan, milakec to lotok, taura i kasa niyaro’ no Tangafolan mipaising mipatenak. Caay ka pina miheca, nai Inkiris ciwlo kiwkay a ratoh mapaloma ningra, malopisak tangasa satimolan no Taywan nai Tacyasi ’alo a talatimol sa’etal, patireng to toloay sa’etal a kowan; saka 1 sa’etal, katimolay Silaya finacadan (Pakca, Totin); saka 2 sa’etal, tenokay ato Ya finacadan (Piho, Kayi); saka 3 sa’etal, ka’amisay sa’etal a Pacay finacadan (Poli, Hongwan, Sinkang).

O kaitini ni Ma Yakop i Taywan i, kafana’en ni Ma Yakop ko lilisay no riyar a kasa niyaro’, ikaka no micolo’ay tamina to kakaene ko micolo’ay to apiyan a tamina ko kaadihay, tona manengneng ko komaenay to apiyan tamdaw to nika kudos awaay ko ’icel no papisingan, tada ka calemceman no faloco’. Ikor to pinokay ni Ma Yakop taura i Inkiris, o nika doka’ a makari’ang nga’ay to sanay saka miliyang cingra to demak no Inkiris sifo to pipa’aca to apiyan i Congko.

1871 miheca, citiyad ko fafahi ci Mary ni Ma Yakop, o katatiih no tiring saka minokay tayra i Inkiris to sapisofoc, ira aca ko demak ni Mayakop caay ka lahakelong, 3 folad 19 romi’ad, cipoyapoyay fafgahi ni Ma Yakop sacecay sato minokay tayra i Inkiris, maroray mafades ko rakat i tamina, malaina ira ko latiih madoka’. 4 folad, ci Ma yakop aci Thomson nai Xiamen tayni i Taywan, 8 folad 7 romi’ad, o pitilid ni Ma Yakop a sowal, midemak to sapifalic to no Payrang a fa’elohay cudad sahaca.

1871 miheca 11 folad, miliyas ci Ma Yakop to Taywan, nai 1871 miheca 2 folad 10 romi’ad tahiniay i Taywan ci De Matay (Dr. Matthew Dickson) micada to Elawko isingan ko tayal. 1878 miheca 1 folad 8 romi’ad ci De Matay (Dr. Matthew Dickson) ising miliyas minokay tayra i kitakit, isingan tangasa 1879 miheca 1 folad 14 romi’ad ci An pitiro (Dr. Peter Anderson) ising tona tahini ningra i Taywan a misitapang mafohat[13][14]. Ci An pitiro (Dr. Peter Anderson) ising ko malayinciway haw i, ikoray adadaay tamdaw mangalef to ka ’aloman saka misafaloco’ to mi’aca to sera patireng to fa’elohay isingan. 1900 miheca Tangmen isingan milesasiki, 4 folad 17 romi’ad nao matelangay malinah tayra fa’elohay a tingeroh, pangangan han to “Fa’elohay (Sinlao) isingan” [10].

1871 miheca 12 folad 5 romi’ad, o sakakaay wawa ni Ma Yakop to fa’inayan ci Maseton (Taywan a pifalic: Ma Yohani, John Preston Maxwell) masofoc i Birmingham, itiya caay ho ka tangasa ci Ma Yakop i Inkiris. Tangasa ci Ma Yakop i Inkiris i, maroray to rakat i riyar masamo’ ko tireng, saka caay to kanga’ay patiko tayra i Taywan.

==== Sakina 2 tayni i Taywan a misintin (1883 miheca 12 folad 23 romi’ad – 1884 miheca 10 folad 20 romi’ad) (第二次來台灣宣教 (1883年12月23日-1884年10月20日)) ====
1883 miheca 12 folad 23 romi’ad, ci Ma yakop hadidi sa to ka adada no tatelecan malahakelong to fafahi miliyaw tayni Taywan, Inkiris a kiwkay salikaka ci Yu Raoli mararamod mihakelong tayni Taywan.

1884 miheca 10 folad 20 romi’ad i, adada k fafahi ni Ma Yakop, Congko France malalood ito, ci Ma Yakop ato fafahi malahakelong mitakop to saikoray tamina miliyas, tayra i Xiamen. Kaitini nangra i Taywan caay paka 1 miheca ko romi’ad, nawhani ko tatirengan ko nihaenan saka o pinakay to tayra i Inkiris. 1885 miheca 4 folad, ci Ma Yakop mararamod minokay tayra i Inkiris.

=== Kaitiraan i Inkiris (英國期間) ===

==== Sa’ayaway minokay i Inkiris (第一次回英國) ====
O pisintingan itiya, mahapinang ni Ma Yakop ko no Holan a roma tilid ranikay a nanamen, nanoya misa’icel to cingra mikingkiw micikeroh to roma a tilidan to nano sowal no Taywan a Piwiyci onto, misatapang mifalic to fangcalay cudad, misa’icel to tilidan pisintin a tayal. 1871 miheca Ma Yakop pahanhan minokay tayra i Inkiris i, itira i London Hamstead, Heath lalan 26 haw, oyaan ko nisafaloco’an micikeroh to Taywan a sowal to Piwiyci onto.

1873 miheca 6 folad 9 romi’ad, saka tosa wawa ni Ma Yakop tosa (James L. Maxwell Jr.) masofoc. 10 folad 1 romi’ad, ci Ma Yakop malaheci ningra mifalic ko no Xiamen a ngiha fa’elohay cudad[15].

Orasaka, sa’icel sa ci Ma Yakop mirina’ to Roma tilid no fa’elohay cudad a tayal, orasaka o niaanan ko saka ciadada to kemi a malalisan malotay ko tatirengan. Nawhani o hahalafin i ’anengan ko aro’, saka patoka’en to ’apol micokeray to koror ningra ira to ko 10 mihecaan no lafin, mata’enang i masananomay kafoti’an. Nanoyaan, mitilid cingra to English Presbyterian Mission “I Congko ko ratoh” ato Congko a Rama a tilid pitodongan, o nai Congkoay a miliso’ay i, kaolahan ningra a mihamham, matiya o: Mongolia a Gilmour, Chinchew a Grant, Birminham a Grabbe, Burns Thomson a sinkiwsi. Itira i London Pentherton Road 104 haw ko aro’ ni Ma Yakop, ira ko 5, 6 miheca ko aro’ itiya.

1878 miheca, 3 folad, mipatireng i London isingan sinting yafayof (Medical Mission Association), ci Ma Yakop sa’ayaway no Yofayof a mitiliday, ikor mi’acaay ko yofayof to sera Highbury Park a pala to 47-49 haw, o palong no kasasiiked no isingan a demak o ciiraay ko ci tolonay, sapipaising a pisinting a dademaken o cingraay ko cisakowanay, nawhani o karorayan ano eca singkiwsi a rarima mapolong malaheciay to[16]. Ikor, mi’aca ci Ma Yakop to sera i 51 haw a Highbury Park, malinah ko aro’.

1880 miheca, pacakat cingra to saka cecay i Taywan to no Roma piwiyci a sapirina’, sapisilsil to tilid a sapirina’ sakatayal, malaheciay aca to ikor saka cecay pirina’an kaysya “Cicentang” patilidan ato sa’ayaway sinpon i Taywan (Taywan hosya kiwkay sinpon) mapatireng.

==== Saka na 2 minokay i Inkiris (第二次回英國) ====
1888 miheca, London midemak to ta’akay kasakitakit sinkiw kasa’opo, ci Hudson Taylor, Benming Hai, Jacob Ma (Ma Yakop) itini i sa’opo a papelo. Saan, pasowal sa ci Hudson Taylor: “30 miheca ko kaitira no mako i Congko, so’elinay to o apiyan kalali’aca i cecay lipay makari’ang ko Congko, ikaka no sinkiwsi a nga’ayay demak to cecay miheca”; ni Ma Yakop a sowal: “Palafades sa to masacicingay masa’ofaday mapades a tamdaw no Congko, mana sapater sa kita o Inkiris, a caay piliyang tonini tadamanay a ka’acekan a raraw?” maherek ci Ma Yakop papelo, kasa’opoan awaay ko miliyangay to pihayda i kalali’aca to apiyan a piketon.

1899 miheca, sakakaay a wawa ci Marston (Taywan pifalic: Ma Yohani, John Preston Maxwell) aci Edith Lilly Isaacson (1867-1954) mararamod. 2 folad 3 romi’ad, ci Marston maocor no sinkiwkay tayra i Fujian no Congko, itira i Zhangpu ko ’ayaw mala ising (1899- 1904 miheca). 1901 miheca, ira ko no ’edo salifong to i Zhangpu, dengan saka 4 folad tangasa 8 folad, mata’elif ko 2 ’ofad no tamdaw, salongan mo^etep ira ko cecay (2,000) tamdaw ko mapatayay.

1904 miheca, ci Marston tayra cingra i maraayay a Yongchun isingan a malaising, pacomod to sarakatay “X” a sakadademak tona isingan. 1908 miheca, o fafahi ni Marston masofoc to cecay fafahiyan a wawa ci Marjorie Gordon Maxwell(1908-2000).

Ci Marston i Zhangpu (1899-1904 miheca), itira i Yongchun (1904-1919 miheca) midemak to isingan a sinting tangasa 20 miheca ko halafin, nanoya malalinah tayra i Beijing kakomodan isikako malasingsi, o nira a nifana’an o no fafahiyanan, orasaka mala citodongay i Beijing kakomodan isikako fafahiyanan kakeridan, o pikingkiw ningra mihapiw i adihayay isingan a casi, halo 1925 mihecaan Kapolongan Inkiris fafahiyanan casi mahapiw to cecay tilid “’Ongangilan adada no Congko”, mi’eses to ’Ongangilan adada o saka fiyol tayra i sawawaan a masasiroma, saka tokaden ko pisofoc ta manga’ay ko pisofoc. Ci Marston itira i Beijing kakomodan isikako mapatadamaan ko itiraay a malaisingay, tinako ci Lin Qiaozhi.

Saka tosa wawa ni Ma Yakop ising (Dr. James Laidlaw Maxwell, Jr.), i 1873 miheca 6 folad 9 romi’ad masofoc, 1900 miheca maocor tayra i Tayan malasinkiwsi, saka tosa miheca 2 folad 14 romi’ad tahini i Taywan, itira i Sinlo isingan; 1900 miheca, patikoen ko ci loma’ay toya Taynan lilawkaw isingan “Kola wising”, onini a loma’ ikor o wawa ni Xu Tingguang ci Xu Xunrong (1861 miheca 5 folad ko sofoc) a loma’ [9][17][18]. Paisngan malinah tayra i fa’elohay nipatirengan loma’, o sarakatay a isingan itini i Taywan, saci ngangan sa Sinlo isingan. Masakapahay ho saka tosa Ma Yakop itini malaising, misa’icel papisawad to apiyan, masingkiay ato malacaanay adada.

1901 miheca 10 folad 9 romi’ad, saka tosa Ma Yakop aci Millicent Bertha Saunders kaying (1871-1961) pataloma’ i Hongkong. Tangasa 11 folad 4 romi’ad (telangay komi 9 folad 24 romi’ad) patiko tayni i Taynan citodong to isingan. 1901 miheca tangasa 1923 mihecaan, saka tosa Ma Yakop ising mapalahad to ’alomanay minanamay: ca Zhou Yushan, Gao Gaoyuan, Du Yingqing, Huang Dengke, Lin Daru, Wu Hefu, Lin Qi, Wang Qingru, Xie Dingdu, Cai Chao, Zhang Ben tamdaw, mala tadamanay to i kiwkay ato syakay, tadamaan ko nidemakan i syakay.

1911 miheca, 75 ko mihecaan ni Ma Yakop (James Laidlaw Maxwell) misawad to ko tayal, miliyas to tayal i London isingan sinting yafayof (Medical Mission Association), mala mikawitay to a mitiiday, malinah tayra i Kent a Bromley no London a maro’.

1915 miheca 21 romi’ad, piharatengan 50 miheca to katayni no Ratoh i Taywan, satimolan kiwkay no Taywan ira ko 100 a kiwkay patafo ci Ma Yakop ising mararamod tosapakaolah. Citodong ci Ma Yakop malamato’asay kafoti’an i isikakoyin, maro’ay i isikakoyin a mitiliday ira ko 50 o mamaocor tayra i kasakitakit a matayal. Mikawit ci Ma Yakp to isingan yafoyof a Medical Missions at Home and Abroad, sapicokeroh to isingan a sinkiw to ratoh itira i kasakitakit sinkiw kasa’opoan.

==== Laloma’an ato kapatay (家庭與逝世) ====
1918 miheca 1 folad 23 romi’ad, miliyas to hekal ca Ma Yakop a mararamod, 83 ko mihecaan itini i hakal.

1921 miheca 3 folad 6 romi’ad, itira i Brunley no London a Inkiris miliyas to hekal ci Ma Yakop, 85 ko mihecaan ningra itiya, mapalakapot to fafahi matadem i Plaistow no St. Mary a pitademan. Tatosa ko wawa ningra to fa’inayan, maeminay malaisingay ko tayal. Sakakaay wawa ci Marston (pifalic no Taywan: Ma Yahani) itira i Yongchun, Quanzhou no Congko a malaisong, saka tosa a wawa ci sakatosa Ma Yakop itiniay i Taynan Sinlaw isingan ko kalaising.

1923 miheca, ci sakatosa Ma Yakop matahidang no “Citanengay hakasi isikay” (China Medical Missionary Association), citodong malakanci tayra i Shanghai.

1935 miheca to ikor, minokay ci Marston ising tayra i Inkiris, maro’ i Brinkley no Cambridgeshire.

1937 miheca, ci sakatosa Ma Yakop mala citidongay no itiraay i Congko a Hongsicikay, tangasa 1940 miheca o nika tatiih no tatirengan minokay tayra i Inkiris.

1949 miheca mafalic to ko cengel no Congko itiya, ci sakatosa Ma Yakop tayra cingra i Hangzhou no Congko mipatadoay to mano’no’ay ko fanges adadaay. 1951 miheca 8 folad 10 romi’ad, mapatay cingra i Hangzhou, ira ko 78 no mihecaan I hekal, matadem i Hangzhou.

1961 miheca 7 folad 25 romi’ad, ci Marston ising mapatay i Inkiris, ira ko90 no mihecaan i hakal.

=== Pinengnengan to tilid (參考文獻) ===

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