# Gabon

## Kapon kapolongan-kitakit(加彭共和國; Fransu a sowal:République gabonaise;Gabon）
Takaray a sowal:Ititaay i saka’etipan sifo’ no Afrika a kitakit,isaka’etipan mi’ayaw to Cinoya-Kihaw(幾內亞灣; Ikiris a sowal:Gulf of Guinea; Fransu a sowal:Golfe de Guinée), isaka’amis no saka’etipan o Kunisan-nocikiw Cinoya, ika’amis o Komaylong, sakwalian ato katimol mataliyok no Konko Kapolongan-kitakit. O kakahad no sera ira ko 27 ’ofad km², o tamdaw ira ko 200 ’ofad, o Tatapangan niyaro’ ato sakakaay niyaro’ o Ceyo-Si(自由市 ; Fransu a sowal :Libreville).

## Rikisi(歷史)

### To’asanrikisi(古代歷史)
I’ayaw no kataynian no Yoropa a tamdaw, caay ka hakowa ko kafana’an tona kitakit. I saka 14 sici, satapang ko somowalay to Panto-sowal a tamdaw tayni a maro’. Ikor to no saka 15sici, o misasolapay-tamdaw no Potawya ato mipaliwalay to dafong a tamdaw micomod to a tayni tona pala. Ilawac no riyar malapikali’acaan to koli no Holan, Inkolan ato Fransu. 1839 mihecaan ato 1841 mihecaan patireng to milikowatan a pala ko Fransu.

### Isarakatay rikisi(早期歷史)
Nani saka 14 sici satapang maforaw a tayni ko Panto-tamdaw.o sarakatay a tayni tona pala a Yoropa o tamdaw o Potawya tamdaw, pangangan han nangra to ” gabão” kona pala, o imi nona sowal i,matiya o “tataca’edongan no riko’ ’’. O Holan, Inkolan ato Fransu a paliwalay tamdaw itiraay to i saka 16 sici a tayni.

### Ma’eco no Fransu(法國占領)
Itiya i 1839 miheca ato 1841 mihecaan, mapatireng no Fransu to ” papa’adingen a pala ” no Fransu. 1910 miheca malacecay no kalisepatay a malamikotoday Kunisan-Afrika(法屬赤道非洲 ; Fransu a sowal :Afrique Équatoriale Française，簡稱AEF ) ko Kapon. 1960 miheca saka 7 folad saka 15 romi’ad mihayi to ko Frensu to pisiiked no Kapon, tahira to i 1960 miheca saka 8 folad saka 17 romi’ad laheci sato ko pisiiked no Kapon kitakit.

### Misiiked(獨立)
Yo misiiked ko Kapon i 1960 miheca iraay ko tosa a sieci kasafelaw, cowa ka halafing malacecay ko kasasowal nona tosaay kasafelaw hatatosa sa a mipasadak to mamiliko to congtong a sinkiwa. 1968 miheca saka 3 folad, milakal ci Haci-Awmar-Pangko(哈吉·奧馬爾·邦戈;El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba) to dengan cecay ko sieci kasafelaw no Kapon kitakit.palasawaden ningra koya itiyaay ho a sieci kasafelaw BDG, misafa’eloh a patireng to Finawlan-kasafelaw no Kapon. I 1973 miheca saka tolofolad, 1979 miheca saka 12 folad ato 1986 miheca saka12 folad a patokitok a malacongtong.
1990 miheca tatiih ko pili’etan mapatongal heca no pilongoc no finawlan to paifaloco’ay a ‘otip. Orasaka, pasela’ sa a matayal ko finawlan ta marawraw. 1990 miheca saka 4 folad mihayi ko Kalomaocan no kitakit to sapisongila’aw a misalof to sieci. 2006 miheca saka12 folad saka 17 romi’ad, misatapang a misinkiw ko Kalomaocan no Finawlan.pakaala to 81 a kiing ko Finawlan-kasafelaw no Kapon to polong 120 a kiing, Finawlan-Lekatep no Kapon fafalo ko kiing, ato roma a kasafelaw 4 ko kiing. 2007 miheca saka 1 folad saka 25 romi’ad, tomireng ko Fa’elohay sifo,patokitok ho ci Lang-Ayie-Entong(Fransu a sowal:Jean Eyeghe Ndong) a malacongli.
2022 miheca saka 6 folad saka 24 romi’ad mikapot to Tata'akay Ikiris a Lekatep.

## Kaitiraan(地理)
i Kunis-nocikiw ingata no Sifo’an-Afrika, i lawac no Taysiyo ko Kapon kitakit, o kala’oraday ko kakarayan, mahaop ko 85% no kitakit matahepo no Fa’edtay-Kilakilangan.ira ko toloay a tada masasikeday a palapalaan : dafdaf i lawac no riyar(nani lilis no riyar miliyas to 20~300km), lotolotokan(isaka’amis no sakawalian a Cristal-lotok, isifo’ay a Chaillu-Massif lotolotkan, o pocok nona lotok lboundji ira ko 1575 laya’), ato ikawalyay a matakaray rengorengosan. Ilawac no riyar a dafdaf i o nikowanan no “Kiking-kay i hekal to mamipa’ading to ‘a’adopen” ko kahirahira no killing ato rengos, mahaop ko itiraay sifo’an-Afrika a kahrngangay-kilang(紅樹林; Ikiris a sowal:Mangrove), itiraay i cepo’ no Moni-‘Alo ko saadihayay a molengaw.
O satata’angay a ’alo no Kapon o Awkowi-’Alo, ira ko 1200 km. Itini i Kapon ira ko taolo a Kosto-Tataparan Pala(喀斯特地形或石灰石地形;karst topography), sasemoomo’ot ko kaadihay no dihif, adihay ko kahecalay a ’adicaw(白雲石) ato ci’apolay a fakeloh(石灰岩),o cinganganay i, o Lastoursvil le,Lebamba,Bongolo ato Kessipougou,iraay ho ko adihayay a dihif ko cacay ho ka laheci no tamdaw a misolap.misolapan no masacefangay no kitakit kona dihif sa ira aca ko nitilidan pakayni tona dihif.
O Kapon kitakit o cinganganay i hekal to kaci’icel a midipot to papapalaan. 2002 miheca o congtong no Kapon ci Awmaer-Panko-Awtipa mitketon to sowal aka ka isafaen no 11% ko malakonyin no kitakit, polong ira ko 13 a no kitakitan a konyin, o sakakahaday a konyin no palapalaan itini i hekal, to ikor to i,o kaka’olahan no tamtamdaw a pisalamaan.

## Tamdaw(人口)
O tamdaw no Kapon ira ko 150 ‘ofad, sahetoay o to’as no Panto-Finacadan, nikawrira, latek ira ko 40 a finacadan itini i Kapon, oninian a finacadan milekal to nika ira no niyah a sowal ato punka. Sakakaay a finacadan o Fang-tamdaw(芳人;Fang), nikawrira, tona pinapina a mihecaan o Fanciyapi-Nipi finacadan ko ikakakaay ho ko k’'aloman no tamdaw. O roma ira ho ko Myene、Bakota、Eshira、Bapounou ato Okande a finacadan.toninan a kasasiromaroma a finacadan cowa ka hapinang ko kalala’ed no finacadan cowa kahatira to roam a kitakit itini i Afrika a mahapinang.
Ono sifoan a sowal o Fransu a sowal, o sakalacecay no polong a tamdaw no Kapon kona sowal.itini tona kitakit latek mahaop ko 80% a tamdaw mafana’ay to sowal no Fransu, cecay no kalitolo no Lipor-tamdaw o Fransu a sowal ko kalosowal nona finacadan.
Cisafaw ko cecay ’ofad ko maro’ay itini a Fransu a tamdaw, o kasasiroma a punka ato pinangan no Fransu talolongay ko pirecep itini i ’orip no tamdaw no Kapon. I 1900 miheca tahira i 1940 mihecaan malowan ko tamdaw no Kapon, saka saan o nani rikisi ato taliyokan, o sasafaay ko ka’aloman no tamdaw itini i Afrika ko Kapon, ora saka tada manikaw to mamatayal a tamdaw, ira ko saka piala to tamdaw no roma a kitakit. 
O tamdaw no Kapon sahetoay ko Misakristoay to mitooray to Tinsikiw, latek mahahop ko 55% ko tamdaw no polong no Kapon, o roma i, o pakaso’elinay to Ilisinay-Pitooran, Muslim ato To’asan-Pipakaso’elinan. O mafana’ay to tilid a tamdaw tahiraay aca ko kahaop i 63.2%.

## Sapili’etan(經濟)
O tadamaanay dafong no pala ira ko kasolin-simal,Yiu-Tadafekeloh, Tada’ekim,Ni, lo,Sin. O losay ira ko Kiyasafa, pawli,tali no lotok, ‘alilay, tali, koko,kofi, deteng ato simal no nanges.
Ano pasasotili’en ato itiniay i Afrika roma a kitakit o idahiay ho ko sapili’etan a kinairaira no Kapon, o lalen a ‘eten no kalotamdaw sepatay ko kasatepian pasasotili’en ato i katimolay no Sahala Afrika.nawhani, ‘adihay ko ‘etan no kaso-simal no itiniay i riyar. Ira ko langiengieay tona kitakit to ‘etan no kalotamdaw cowa ka patelien i sakacomahad no aniniay a ’orip ato sakacidafong a kikay.
O nipasadakan a tadafokeloh a Mon,’eric ato kilang o sakakaay a sapili’etan a dafong ko nini. Caka ka pakafilo to kala’ised ato roma a kitakit,sawad hananay to koya Folangswir(弗朗斯維爾;Fransu a sowal :Franceville) a pikarkaran to Yiu-fokeloh i 2001 miheca. Nikawria, misahalaka ho to sapiliyawaw a mikarkar, o pikarkar to ’Eric-fokeloh misatapangay to i 2012 mihecaan i ka’amis no sakawalian no Makokou tokay.
I saka 90 mihecahecaan matefad ko ‘epoc no Falang-Payso i Afrika, ora saka maroray a patikol to kiyam i roma a kitakit, Fransu ato Hekalay a Kiking no Payso a Lekatep(International Monetary Fund，IMF) mipadang a paini to halafinay-picaliw ato pipadang to sakacomahad no sapili’etan, nikawrira, oninian to a kitakit ato Lekatep ko midemakay to sakafalic no sapili’etan a tayal. 
O sakakaay a pipasadakan to dafong a paliwal o Amirika, Conko ato Rosiya, o pipacomodan to dafong a kitakit o Fransu ko sakakaay.
I 2007 miheca saka 12 folad saka 5 romi’ad, Mokentatong(摩根大通集團; Ikiris asowal:JPMorgan Chase & Co) mipadang a paliwal Sapili’etan-Paya no Kapon mo’etep miheca mo’etep ko ok a Amirika Sapili’etan-Paya. Mikapotay ko Kapon to Malacecaay-Rikec no Paliwalay ato misanga’ay to dafong a lekatep no Afrika. 

## Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結)
- CIA
- 外交部
- List of current heads of state and government


Gabon
[[Faylo:Flag of Gabon.svg|縮圖|Hata no Kapon kitakit]]

== Kapon kapolongan-kitakit(加彭共和國; Fransu a sowal:''République gabonaise'' ;''Gabon''） ==
Takaray a sowal:Ititaay i saka’etipan sifo’ no Afrika a kitakit,isaka’etipan mi’ayaw to Cinoya-Kihaw([https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A%E6%B9%BE 幾內亞灣]; Ikiris a sowal:''Gulf of Guinea''; Fransu a sowal:''Golfe de Guinée),'' isaka’amis no saka’etipan o Kunisan-nocikiw [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A Cinoya], ika’amis o [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A6%E9%9A%86 Komaylong], sakwalian ato katimol mataliyok no Konko Kapolongan-[https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD kitakit]. O kakahad no sera ira ko 27 ’ofad km², o tamdaw ira ko 200 ’ofad, o Tatapangan niyaro’ ato sakakaay niyaro’ o Ceyo-Si(自由市 ; Fransu a sowal :''Libreville).''

== '''Rikisi'''(歷史) ==
[[Faylo:Gabon (orthographic projection).svg|縮圖|kaitiraan no Kapon kitakit i Afrika]]

=== '''To’asan''' '''rikisi'''(古代歷史) ===
I’ayaw no kataynian no Yoropa a tamdaw, caay ka hakowa ko kafana’an tona kitakit. I saka 14 sici, satapang ko somowalay to [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%8F%AD%E5%9B%BE%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF Panto-sowal] a tamdaw tayni a maro’. Ikor to no saka 15sici, o misasolapay-tamdaw no [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99 Potawya] ato mipaliwalay to dafong a tamdaw micomod to a tayni tona pala. Ilawac no riyar malapikali’acaan to koli [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%A5%B4%E9%9A%B8%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93 no] Holan, Inkolan ato Fransu. 1839 mihecaan ato 1841 mihecaan patireng to milikowatan a pala ko Fransu.

=== '''Isarakatay rikisi'''(早期歷史) ===
Nani saka 14 sici satapang maforaw a tayni ko Panto-tamdaw.o sarakatay a tayni tona pala a Yoropa o tamdaw o Potawya tamdaw, pangangan han nangra to ” ''gabão”'' kona pala, o imi nona sowal i,matiya o “tataca’edongan no riko’ ’’. O Holan, Inkolan ato Fransu a paliwalay tamdaw itiraay to i saka 16 sici a tayni.

=== Ma’eco no Fransu(法國占領) ===
[[Faylo:Slave market Khartoum 19th c.png|縮圖|Kali'acaan to koli  i Sotan Kesomo]]
Itiya i 1839 miheca ato 1841 mihecaan, mapatireng no Fransu to ” papa’adingen a pala ” no Fransu. 1910 miheca malacecay no kalisepatay a malamikotoday Kunisan-Afrika(法屬赤道非洲 ; Fransu a sowal :''Afrique Équatoriale Française''，簡稱''AEF'' ) ko Kapon. 1960 miheca saka 7 folad saka 15 romi’ad mihayi to ko Frensu to pisiiked no Kapon, tahira to i 1960 miheca saka 8 folad saka 17 romi’ad laheci sato ko pisiiked no Kapon kitakit.

=== '''Misiiked''' (獨立) ===
[[Faylo:Omar Bongo 1973.jpg|縮圖|Haci-Awmar-Pangko tahada'ocay congtong]]
Yo misiiked ko Kapon i 1960 miheca iraay ko tosa a sieci kasafelaw, cowa ka halafing malacecay ko kasasowal nona tosaay kasafelaw hatatosa sa a mipasadak to mamiliko to congtong a sinkiwa. 1968 miheca saka 3 folad, milakal ci Haci-Awmar-Pangko(哈吉·奧馬爾·邦戈'';El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba)'' to dengan cecay ko sieci kasafelaw no Kapon kitakit.palasawaden ningra koya itiyaay ho a sieci kasafelaw ''BDG,'' misafa’eloh a patireng to Finawlan-kasafelaw no Kapon. I 1973 miheca saka tolofolad, 1979 miheca saka 12 folad ato 1986 miheca saka12 folad a patokitok a malacongtong.

1990 miheca tatiih ko pili’etan mapatongal heca no pilongoc no finawlan to paifaloco’ay a ‘otip. Orasaka, pasela’ sa a matayal ko finawlan ta marawraw. 1990 miheca saka 4 folad mihayi ko Kalomaocan no kitakit to sapisongila’aw a misalof to sieci. 2006 miheca saka12 folad saka 17 romi’ad, misatapang a misinkiw ko Kalomaocan no Finawlan.<ref name=":0">新華網，2006年12月17日，加彭議會選舉投票秩序井然</ref><ref name=":0" />pakaala to 81 a kiing ko Finawlan-kasafelaw no Kapon to polong 120 a kiing, Finawlan-Lekatep no Kapon fafalo ko kiing, ato roma a kasafelaw 4 ko kiing.<ref>新華網，2006年12月28日，執政的加彭民主黨在議會大選中獲勝</ref> 2007 miheca saka 1 folad saka 25 romi’ad, tomireng ko Fa’elohay sifo,patokitok ho ci Lang-Ayie-Entong(Fransu a sowal:''Jean Eyeghe Ndong)'' a malacongli.<ref>新華網，2007年1月26日，加彭組成新政府 Archive.is的存檔，存檔日期2012-07-12</ref>

2022 miheca saka 6 folad saka 24 romi’ad mikapot to Tata'akay Ikiris a [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6 Lekatep].<ref>Gabon and Togo join the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth. 2022-06-25 [2022-06-30]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-15） （英語）.</ref>

== Kaitiraan(地理) ==
i Kunis-nocikiw ingata no Sifo’an-Afrika, i lawac no Taysiyo ko Kapon kitakit, o kala’oraday ko kakarayan, mahaop ko 85% no kitakit matahepo no Fa’edtay-Kilakilangan.ira ko toloay a tada masasikeday a palapalaan : dafdaf i lawac no riyar(nani lilis no riyar miliyas to 20~300km), lotolotokan(isaka’amis no sakawalian a ''Cristal-lotok,'' isifo’ay a ''Chaillu-Massif'' lotolotkan, o pocok nona lotok ''lboundji'' ira ko 1575 laya’), ato ikawalyay a matakaray rengorengosan. Ilawac no riyar a dafdaf i o nikowanan no “Kiking-kay i hekal to mamipa’ading to ‘a’adopen” ko kahirahira no killing ato rengos, mahaop ko itiraay sifo’an-Afrika a kahrngangay-[https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%BA%A2%E6%A0%91%E6%9E%97 kilang](紅樹林; Ikiris a sowal:''Mangrove),'' itiraay i cepo’ no Moni-‘Alo ko saadihayay a molengaw.

O satata’angay a ’alo no Kapon o Awkowi-’[https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%9C%E9%9F%A6%E6%B2%B3 Alo], ira ko 1200 km. Itini i Kapon ira ko taolo a Kosto-Tataparan Pala(喀斯特地形或'''石灰石地形''';''karst topography),'' sasemoomo’ot ko kaadihay no dihif, adihay ko kahecalay a ’adicaw('''白雲石)[https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%99%BD%E4%BA%91%E7%9F%B3]''' ato ci’apolay a fakeloh(石灰岩)[https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E5%B2%A9],o cinganganay i, o ''Lastoursvil le,Lebamba,Bongolo'' ato ''Kessipougou,''iraay ho ko adihayay a dihif ko cacay ho ka laheci no tamdaw a misolap.misolapan no masacefangay no kitakit kona dihif sa ira aca ko nitilidan pakayni tona dihif.

O Kapon kitakit o cinganganay i hekal to kaci’icel a midipot to papapalaan. 2002 miheca o congtong no Kapon ci Awmaer-Panko-Awtipa mitketon to sowal aka ka isafaen no 11% ko malakonyin no kitakit, polong ira ko 13 a no kitakitan a konyin, o sakakahaday a konyin no palapalaan itini i hekal, to ikor to i,o kaka’olahan no tamtamdaw a pisalamaan.

== '''Tamdaw'''(人口) ==
[[Faylo:2 Masken aus Afrika.JPG|縮圖|Satahepo pising no Panto tamdaw]]
O tamdaw no Kapon ira ko 150 ‘ofad, sahetoay o to’as no Panto-[https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%8F%AD%E5%9C%96%E4%BA%BA Finacadan], nikawrira, latek ira ko 40 a finacadan itini i Kapon, oninian a finacadan milekal to nika ira no niyah a sowal ato punka. Sakakaay a finacadan o Fang-tamdaw(芳人;''Fang''), nikawrira, tona pinapina a mihecaan o Fanciyapi-Nipi finacadan ko ikakakaay ho ko k’'aloman no tamdaw. O roma ira ho ko ''Myene、Bakota、Eshira、Bapounou'' ato ''Okande'' a finacadan.toninan a kasasiromaroma a finacadan cowa ka hapinang ko kalala’ed no finacadan cowa kahatira to roam a kitakit itini i Afrika a mahapinang.

Ono sifoan a sowal o Fransu a sowal, o sakalacecay no polong a tamdaw no Kapon kona sowal.itini tona kitakit latek mahaop ko 80% a tamdaw mafana’ay to sowal no Fransu, cecay no kalitolo no Lipor-tamdaw o Fransu a sowal ko kalosowal nona finacadan.

Cisafaw ko cecay ’ofad ko maro’ay itini a Fransu a tamdaw, o kasasiroma a punka ato pinangan no Fransu talolongay ko pirecep itini i ’orip no tamdaw no Kapon. I 1900 miheca tahira i 1940 mihecaan malowan ko tamdaw no Kapon, saka saan o nani rikisi ato taliyokan, o sasafaay ko ka’aloman no tamdaw itini i Afrika ko Kapon, ora saka tada manikaw to mamatayal a tamdaw, ira ko saka piala to tamdaw no roma a kitakit. 

O tamdaw no Kapon sahetoay ko Misakristoay to mitooray to Tinsikiw, latek mahahop ko 55% ko tamdaw no polong no Kapon, o roma i, o pakaso’elinay to Ilisinay-Pitooran, Muslim ato To’asan-Pipakaso’elinan. O mafana’ay to tilid a tamdaw tahiraay aca ko kahaop i 63.2%.

== '''Sapili’etan'''(經濟) ==
[[Faylo:MOSQUEEPORTGENTIL.JPG|縮圖|Tatapangan tokay]]
O tadamaanay dafong no pala ira ko kasolin-simal,Yiu-Tadafekeloh, Tada’ekim,Ni, lo,Sin. O losay ira ko Kiyasafa, pawli,tali no lotok, ‘alilay, tali, koko,kofi, deteng ato simal no nanges.

Ano pasasotili’en ato itiniay i Afrika roma a kitakit o idahiay ho ko sapili’etan a kinairaira no Kapon, o lalen a ‘eten no kalotamdaw sepatay ko kasatepian pasasotili’en ato i katimolay no Sahala Afrika.nawhani, ‘adihay ko ‘etan no kaso-simal no itiniay i riyar. Ira ko langiengieay tona kitakit to ‘etan no kalotamdaw cowa ka patelien i sakacomahad no aniniay a ’orip ato sakacidafong a kikay.

O nipasadakan a tadafokeloh a Mon,’eric ato kilang o sakakaay a sapili’etan a dafong ko nini. Caka ka pakafilo to kala’ised ato roma a kitakit,sawad hananay to koya [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E6%96%AF%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94 Folangswir](弗朗斯維爾;Fransu a sowal '':Franceville'') a pikarkaran to Yiu-fokeloh i 2001 miheca. Nikawria, misahalaka ho to sapiliyawaw a mikarkar, o pikarkar to ’Eric-fokeloh misatapangay to i 2012 mihecaan i ka’amis no sakawalian no Makokou tokay.

I saka 90 mihecahecaan matefad ko ‘epoc no Falang-Payso i Afrika, ora saka maroray a patikol to kiyam i roma a kitakit, Fransu ato Hekalay a Kiking no Payso a [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94 Lekatep](''International Monetary Fund，IMF'') mipadang a paini to halafinay-picaliw ato pipadang to sakacomahad no sapili’etan, nikawrira, oninian to a kitakit ato Lekatep ko midemakay to sakafalic no sapili’etan a tayal. 

O sakakaay a pipasadakan to dafong a paliwal o Amirika, Conko ato Rosiya, o pipacomodan to dafong a kitakit o Fransu ko sakakaay.

I 2007 miheca saka 12 folad saka 5 romi’ad, [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E6%91%A9%E6%A0%B9%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%9A Mokentatong](摩根大通集團; Ikiris asowal:''JPMorgan Chase & Co)'' mipadang a paliwal Sapili’etan-Paya no Kapon mo’etep miheca mo’etep ko ok a Amirika Sapili’etan-Paya. Mikapotay ko Kapon to Malacecaay-Rikec no Paliwalay ato misanga’ay to dafong a lekatep no Afrika. 

== Pacefaday a tilid (註腳) ==
[[Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis]]
<references />

== Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結) ==
* [http://www.cia.gov/ CIA]
* [http://www.mofa.gov.tw/default.html 外交部]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_heads_of_state_and_government List of current heads of state and government]