 the old magical rites for the revival of nature in
      spring have degenerated into mere pageants and pastimes.

  723 See _The Magic Art and the Evolution of Kings_, i. 242 _sq._

 M213 Parallel to the spring customs of Europe in the magical rites of the
      Central Australian aborigines.

  724 Spencer and Gillen, _Native Tribes of Central Australia_, pp. 4
      _sq._, 170.

  725 Spencer and Gillen, _op. cit._ p. 170. For a description of some of
      these ceremonies see _The Magic Art and the Evolution of Kings_, i.
      85 _sqq._

 M214 Letter of Mr. M. W. Lampson.
 M215 Lord Avebury's statement.

  726 Lord Avebury, _Origin of Civilisation_,5 pp. 378 _sq._; compare
      _id._, _Prehistoric Times_,5 p. 561.

 M216 Opinions of various authorities.
 M217 Substitutes for corporal punishment in China.

  727 De Guignes, _Voyages a Peking, Manille et l'Ile de France_, iii.
      (Paris, 1808) pp. 114 _sq._

 M218 The custom of swinging practised for various reasons. Swinging at
      harvest.

  728 Above, pp. 156 _sq._

  729 B. F. Matthes, _Einige Eigenthumlichkeiten in den Festen und
      Gewohnheiten der Makassaren und Buginesen_ (Leyden, 1884), p. 1;
      _id._, "Over de ada's of gewoonten der Makassaren en Boegineezen,"
      _Verslagen en Mededeelingen der koninklijke Akademie van
      Wetenschappen_, Afdeeling Letterkunde, Derde Reeks, Tweede Deel
      (Amsterdam, 1885), pp. 169 _sq._

  730 H. A. Oldfield, _Sketches from Nipal_ (London, 1880), ii. 351.

  731 Spenser St. John, _Life in the Forests of the Far East_,2 i. 194
      _sq._

  732 Ch. Brooke, _Ten Years in Sarawak_, ii. 226 _sq._

 M219 Swinging for fish and game.

  733 J. S. G. Gramberg, "De Troeboekvisscherij," _Tijdschrift voor
      Indische Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde_, xxiv. (1887) pp. 314 _sq._

  734 E. Petitot, _Monographie des Dene-Dindjie_ (Paris, 1876), p. 38. The
      same ceremony is performed, oddly enough, to procure the death of an
      enemy.

 M220 Indian custom of swinging on hooks. Swinging in the rainy sea