 6th, 7th,
9th, 20th, 23rd, 24th, 27th, 28th, 31st, 38th, 39th, 40th, 43rd, 45th,
47th, 48th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 66th,
68th, 74th, 79th, 83rd, and 84th.

The deliverance of Spain was nearly complete. Only the extreme
north-west of Spain and that close to the frontier was left to Joseph,
erstwhile King of all Spain. Even this was soon abandoned. Joseph fell
back by Pampeluna, and this, with San Sebastian, was blockaded. The
former eventually capitulated, and the latter, which was to furnish a
new base of operations for Wellington, now too far from Portugal to
use his former base, was stormed by the 1st, 4th, 9th, 38th, 47th,
and 59th, and fell. Desperate as was the gallantry of the troops,
especially of the 52nd, the other side of the picture showed horrors
and utter indiscipline, far worse even than those which disgraced the
storm of previous sieges. The soldiery perpetrated villainies which
would have shamed the most ferocious barbarians of antiquity. At Ciudad
Rodrigo intoxication and plunder had been the principal object; at
Badajoz lust and murder were added to rapine and drunkenness; but at
San Sebastian the direst, the most revolting cruelty was added to the
catalogue of crimes.[43]

After sundry operations, including the series of extraordinary combats
classed as the “Battles of the Pyrenees,” in which the 2nd, 3rd, 6th,
7th, 11th, 20th, 23rd, 24th, 27th, 28th, 31st, 34th, 36th, 39th, 40th,
42nd, 45th, 48th, 50th, 51st, 53rd, 57th, 58th, 60th, 61st, 66th, 68th,
71st, 74th, and 79th took part, the lines of the Bidassoa, Nivelle, and
Nive were successively forced. In these actions the above regiments
took part, as well as the 5th, 9th, 20th, 32nd, 38th, 43rd, 46th, 52nd,
62nd, 82nd, 83rd, 87th, 88th, 91st, 94th, 84th, 85th, and Rifle Brigade
and 16th Lancers.

Finally, after further actions at Bayonne and the passage of the Adour,
the last important battles took place at Orthez and Toulouse, and the
long war in the south was practically at an end.

At Orthez were the 14