-opth-4-417] Copyright © 2006 Canadian Medical Association

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  1956   LATS is the cause of Graves' hyperthyroidism (Adams and Purvis, New Zealand)
  1956   LATS is an immunoglobulin G (lgG) antibody against TSH-r
  1964   TSH-r antibody (measured as LATS) crosses the placenta and causes neonatal hyperthyroidism, but ophthalmopathy not observed
  1973   Graves' ophathalmopathy is associated with higher LATS concencentrations in blood
  1986   Cytotoxic antibodies act against eye muscle cells in Graves' ophthalmopathy
  1988   "Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy" suggested as the best name for the eye disorder, which occasionally occurs in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
  1988   55-, 64- and 95-kDa eye-muscle membrane proteins are recognized by serum autoantibodies in TAO
  1993   TSH-r is expressed in retro-orbital tissue; corresponding serum autoantibodies are postulated to be the cause of the ophthalmopathy
  1998   The 64-kDa protein is the flavoprotein subunit of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase
  1999   Orbital tissue membrane antigens are recognized by sensitized T-lymphocytes in the blood of people with TAO
  2000   Four subtypes of TAO are categorized: ocular myopathy, congestive ophthalmopathy, mixed disease and chronic eyelid disease
  2000   G2s (a fragment of FOXP1 transcription factor), sarcalumenin and calsequestrin are identified as eye-muscle antigens in TAO
  2005   Collagen type XIII in cell membranes of orbital fibrolasts is a target antigen in the congestive ophthalmopathy subtype of TAO
  2005   Anticalsequestrin antibodies are sensitive and specific markers of the ocular myopathy subtype of TAO
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**Note:** LATS = long-acting thyroid stimulator, TSH-r = thyroid-st