 Research Laboratory (W911NF-10-2-0022) to support collaboration between D.S.B., E.B.F., and J.M.V. D.S.B. would also like to acknowledge support from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Army Research Office through contract number W911NF-14-1-0679, the National Institute of Health (2-R01-DC-009209-11, 1R01HD086888-01, R01-MH107235, R01-MH107703, R01MH109520, 1R01NS099348, and R21-M MH-106799), the Office of Naval Research, and the National Science Foundation (BCS-1441502, BCS-1631550, and CNS-1626008). E.B.F. would also like to acknowledge support from NIH 1DP2DA03515601, DARPA YFA D14AP00048, and HopeLab. J.M.V. acknowledges support from mission funding to the US Army Research Laboratory. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of any of the funding agencies.

**Conflicts of Interest**

The authors have nothing to disclose.


INTRODUCTION {#s1}
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*Dissoconium*, an anamorphic genus based on the type species *Dissoconium aciculare* ([@R34]), is known to have different ecological niches. Two species, *D. aciculare* and *D. dekkeri*, were reported as mycoparasitic fungi on *Erysiphaceae* ([@R34], [@R33]). However, recent studies showed that *D. dekkeri* acts as a foliar pathogen of *Eucalyptus* ([@R11], [@R37]). Other *Dissoconium* species were mostly reported from or associated with leaf spots. For example, *D. australiensis*, *D. commune* and *D. eucalypti* co-occurred with plant pathogenic species of *Capnodiales* on leaf spots of *Eucalyptus* spp. ([@R15], [@R13], [@R18], [@R16], [@R20]). Two other species, *D. protea* and *D. musae*, colonised leaves of *Protea* sp. and *Musa* sp., respectively ([@R1], [@R22]). Although some species of '*Dissoconium*' have a *Mycosphaerella*-like teleomorph, they were shown to cluster between *Teratosphaeriaceae* and *Schizothyriaceae* ([@R15]). Species of *Dissoconium*, together with *Ramichloridium apiculatum*, formed a distinct clade, indicati